FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT J AU Wijesooriya, NS Rochat, RW Kamb, ML Turlapati, P Temmerman, M Broutet, N Newman, LM AF Wijesooriya, N. Saman Rochat, Roger W. Kamb, Mary L. Turlapati, Prasad Temmerman, Marleen Broutet, Nathalie Newman, Lori M. TI Global burden of maternal and congenital syphilis in 2008 and 2012: a health systems modelling study SO LANCET GLOBAL HEALTH LA English DT Article ID CLINIC ATTENDEES; ANTENATAL WOMEN; CARE CENTER; METAANALYSIS; PREVALENCE; PREGNANCY; STILLBIRTHS; TRENDS; INDIA; HIV AB Background In 2007, WHO launched a global initiative for the elimination of mother-to-child transmission of syphilis (congenital syphilis). An important aspect of the initiative is strengthening surveillance to monitor progress towards elimination. In 2008, using a health systems model with country data inputs, WHO estimated that 1 . 4 million maternal syphilis infections caused 520 000 adverse pregnancy outcomes. To assess progress, we updated the 2008 estimates and estimated the 2012 global prevalence and cases of maternal and congenital syphilis. Methods We used a health systems model approved by the Child Health Epidemiology Reference Group. WHO and UN databases provided inputs on livebirths, antenatal care coverage, and syphilis testing, seropositivity, and treatment in antenatal care. For 2012 estimates, we used data collected between 2009 and 2012. We updated the 2008 estimates using data collected between 2000 and 2008, compared these with 2012 estimates using data collected between 2009 and 2012, and performed subanalyses to validate results. Findings In 2012, an estimated 930 000 maternal syphilis infections caused 350 000 adverse pregnancy outcomes including 143 000 early fetal deaths and stillbirths, 62 000 neonatal deaths, 44 000 preterm or low weight births, and 102 000 infected infants worldwide. Nearly 80% of adverse outcomes (274 000) occurred in women who received antenatal care at least once. Comparing the updated 2008 estimates with the 2012 estimates, maternal syphilis decreased by 38% (from 1 488 394 cases in 2008 to 927 936 cases in 2012) and congenital syphilis decreased by 39% (from 576 784 to 350 915). India represented 65% of the decrease. Analysis excluding India still showed an 18% decrease in maternal and congenital cases of syphilis worldwide. Interpretation Maternal and congenital syphilis decreased worldwide from 2008 to 2012, which suggests progress towards the elimination of mother-to-child transmission of syphilis. Nonetheless, maternal syphilis caused substantial adverse pregnancy outcomes, even in women receiving antenatal care. Improved access to quality antenatal care, including syphilis testing and treatment, and robust data are all important for achieving the elimination of mother-to-child transmission of syphilis. Copyright (C) The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an Open Access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license. C1 [Wijesooriya, N. Saman; Temmerman, Marleen; Broutet, Nathalie; Newman, Lori M.] WHO, Dept Reprod Hlth & Res, Geneva, Switzerland. [Wijesooriya, N. Saman; Rochat, Roger W.] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Hubert Dept Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Wijesooriya, N. Saman; Kamb, Mary L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sexually Transmitted Dis Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Turlapati, Prasad] Indian Minist Hlth & Family Welf, Natl AIDS Control Program, New Delhi, India. RP Wijesooriya, NS (reprint author), 2857 Hosea L Williams Dr SE, Atlanta, GA 30317 USA. EM samanwijesooriya@alumni.emory.edu FU UNDP-UNFPA-UNICEF-WHO-World Bank Special Programme of Research; Development and Research Training in Human Reproduction in WHO; US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX The UNDP-UNFPA-UNICEF-WHO-World Bank Special Programme of Research, Development and Research Training in Human Reproduction in WHO, and the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 38 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 12 U2 14 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 2214-109X J9 LANCET GLOB HEALTH JI Lancet Glob. Health PD AUG PY 2016 VL 4 IS 8 BP E525 EP E533 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DS3RI UT WOS:000380700000017 PM 27443780 ER PT J AU Hamner, HC Perrine, CG Scanlon, KS AF Hamner, Heather C. Perrine, Cria G. Scanlon, Kelley S. TI Usual Intake of Key Minerals among Children in the Second Year of Life, NHANES 2003-2012 SO NUTRIENTS LA English DT Article DE iron; calcium; zinc; young children; usual nutrient intake; NHANES ID PEDIATRIC PRACTICE; ZINC-DEFICIENCY; INFANTS; TOXICITY; TODDLERS; AGE AB Iron, calcium, and zinc are important nutrients for the young, developing child. This study describes the usual intake of iron, calcium, and zinc among US children in the second year of life using two days of dietary intake data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2003-2012. Estimates were calculated using PC-SIDE to account for within and between person variation. Mean usual iron, calcium, and zinc intakes were 9.5 mg/day, 1046 mg/day, and 7.1 mg/day, respectively. Over a quarter of children had usual iron intakes less than the Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) (26.1%). Eleven percent of children had usual calcium intakes below the RDA and over half of children had usual intakes of zinc that exceeded the tolerable upper intake level (UL). Two percent or less had usual intakes below the Estimated Average Requirement (EAR) for iron, calcium, and zinc. Our findings suggest that during 2003-2012, one in four children and one in ten children had usual intakes below the RDA for iron and calcium, respectively. Children who are not meeting their nutrient requirements could be at increased risk for developing deficiencies such as iron deficiency or could lead to a shortage in adequate nutrients required for growth and development. One in every two children is exceeding the UL for zinc, but the interpretation of these estimates should be done with caution given the limited data on adverse health outcomes. Continued monitoring of zinc intake and further assessment for the potential of adverse health outcomes associated with high zinc intakes may be needed. C1 [Hamner, Heather C.; Perrine, Cria G.; Scanlon, Kelley S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Hamner, HC (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM hfc2@cdc.gov; hgk3@cdc.gov; kelley.scanlon@fns.usda.gov NR 23 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA ST ALBAN-ANLAGE 66, CH-4052 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 2072-6643 J9 NUTRIENTS JI Nutrients PD AUG PY 2016 VL 8 IS 8 AR 468 DI 10.3390/nu8080468 PG 9 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA DS4QS UT WOS:000380766500022 ER PT J AU Kissin, DM Boulet, SL Jamieson, DJ AF Kissin, Dmitry M. Boulet, Sheree L. Jamieson, Denise J. CA Assisted Reprod Technology Surveil TI Fertility Treatments in the United States Improving Access and Outcomes SO OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ASSISTED REPRODUCTIVE TECHNOLOGY; EMBRYO-TRANSFER PRACTICES; MULTIPLE BIRTHS; INSURANCE-COVERAGE; IMPACT AB The recently released National Public Health Action Plan for the Detection, Prevention, and Management of Infertility calls for better access to high-quality infertility services and improved safety of fertility treatments. Both assisted reproductive technology (ART) and non-ART fertility treatments have allowed millions of patients worldwide to overcome infertility-a disease of the reproductive system and important public health issue. However, there are substantial disparities in access to effective treatments in the United States, largely attributable to high out-of-pocket costs, especially for ART. Moreover, the outcomes of fertility treatments are often complicated by the large proportion of multiple births with substantial health risks for both neonates and mothers. Prevention of multiple births is difficult during non-ART fertility treatments but can be effective with single-embryo transfer during ART. Several U.S. states have enacted legislative mandates that require private insurers to cover some portion of the costs associated with fertility treatments and thus reduce the financial pressure to transfer multiple embryos during ART. Although studies have shown that insurance coverage reduces per-cycle multiple births to a certain degree, states with insurance mandates have more ART-related multiple births attributable to substantially larger number of ART-conceived neonates. Experience from other countries shows that access to ART can be improved without concomitant increases in multiple births by providing reimbursement for ART in combination with restrictions on the number of embryos transferred per cycle. Such approaches may or may not be successful in the United States with its unique and complex health care system. C1 [Kissin, Dmitry M.; Boulet, Sheree L.; Jamieson, Denise J.; Assisted Reprod Technology Surveil] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Kissin, DM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, 4770 Buford Highway NE,Mailstop F-74, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM DKissin@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 20 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 6 U2 7 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 0029-7844 J9 OBSTET GYNECOL JI Obstet. Gynecol. PD AUG PY 2016 VL 128 IS 2 BP 387 EP 390 DI 10.1097/AOG.0000000000001419 PG 4 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA DS6UO UT WOS:000380918500025 PM 27399992 ER PT J AU Peterson, JF Field, JR Shi, Y Schildcrout, JS Denny, JC McGregor, TL Van Driest, SL Pulley, JM Lubin, IM Laposata, M Roden, DM Clayton, EW AF Peterson, J. F. Field, J. R. Shi, Y. Schildcrout, J. S. Denny, J. C. McGregor, T. L. Van Driest, S. L. Pulley, J. M. Lubin, I. M. Laposata, M. Roden, D. M. Clayton, E. W. TI Attitudes of clinicians following large-scale pharmacogenomics implementation SO PHARMACOGENOMICS JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID PREEMPTIVE PHARMACOGENOMICS; PERSONALIZED MEDICINE; DESIGN; RECORD; WARFARIN; OUTCOMES; PROJECT; SUPPORT; DRUG AB Clinician attitudes toward multiplexed genomic testing may be vital to the success of translational programs. We surveyed clinicians at an academic medical center about their views on a large pharmacogenomics implementation, the PREDICT (Pharmacogenomic Resource for Enhanced Decisions in Care and Treatment) program. Participants were asked about test ordering, major factors influencing use of results, expectations of efficacy and responsibility for applying results to patient care. Virtually all respondents (99%) agreed that pharmacogenomics variants influence patients' response to drug therapy. The majority (92%) favored immediate, active notification when a clinically significant drug-genome interaction was present. However, clinicians were divided on which providers were responsible for acting on a result when a prescription change was indicated and whether patients should be directly notified of a significant result. We concluded genotype results were valued for tailoring prescriptions, but clinicians do not agree on how to appropriately assign clinical responsibility for actionable results from a multiplexed panel. C1 [Peterson, J. F.; Denny, J. C.] Vanderbilt Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Biomed Informat, 2525 West End Ave,Suite 1050, Nashville, TN 37213 USA. [Peterson, J. F.; Denny, J. C.; Van Driest, S. L.; Roden, D. M.] Vanderbilt Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Med, Nashville, TN USA. [Field, J. R.; Pulley, J. M.] Vanderbilt Inst Clin & Translat Res, Nashville, TN USA. [Shi, Y.; Schildcrout, J. S.] Vanderbilt Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Biostat, Nashville, TN USA. [Schildcrout, J. S.] Vanderbilt Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Anesthesiol, Nashville, TN USA. [McGregor, T. L.; Van Driest, S. L.; Clayton, E. W.] Vanderbilt Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Nashville, TN USA. [Lubin, I. M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Laposata, M.] Univ Texas Med Branch, Galveston, TX USA. [Roden, D. M.] Vanderbilt Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Pharmacol, Nashville, TN USA. [Clayton, E. W.] Vanderbilt Univ, Med Ctr, Ctr Biomed Ethics & Soc, Nashville, TN USA. RP Peterson, JF (reprint author), Vanderbilt Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Biomed Informat, 2525 West End Ave,Suite 1050, Nashville, TN 37213 USA. EM josh.peterson@vanderbilt.edu FU Vanderbilt University; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [U47CI000824]; National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute [U01HL122904, U01HL105198]; National Institute for General Medical Sciences [U19HL065962]; National Human Genome Research Institute [U01HG006378]; National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences [UL1TR000445, KL2TR000446, NICHD K23 HD000001] FX We thank Lisa Price for assisting with the survey. This project was funded by Vanderbilt University, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U47CI000824), the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (U01HL122904, U01HL105198), the National Institute for General Medical Sciences (U19HL065962), the National Human Genome Research Institute (U01HG006378), the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (UL1TR000445), KL2TR000446 and NICHD K23 HD000001. The analyses described herein are solely the responsibility of the authors alone and do not necessarily represent official views of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention or the National Institutes of Health. In addition, the funding sources had no role in the study design, the collection, analysis and interpretation of data, manuscript preparation or the decision to submit the paper for publication. NR 20 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 3 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 1470-269X EI 1473-1150 J9 PHARMACOGENOMICS J JI Pharmacogenomics J. PD AUG PY 2016 VL 16 IS 4 BP 393 EP 398 DI 10.1038/tpj.2015.57 PG 6 WC Genetics & Heredity; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Genetics & Heredity; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA DS4SW UT WOS:000380772700013 PM 26261062 ER PT J AU Rhea, S Moorman, A Pace, R Mobley, V MacFarquhar, J Robinson, E Hayden, T Thai, H Drobeniuc, J Brooks, JT Moore, Z Patel, PR AF Rhea, Sarah Moorman, Anne Pace, Robert Mobley, Victoria MacFarquhar, Jennifer Robinson, Edward Hayden, Tonya Thai, Hong Drobeniuc, Jan Brooks, John T. Moore, Zack Patel, Priti R. TI Hepatitis B Reverse Seroconversion and Transmission in a Hemodialysis Center: A Public Health Investigation and Case Report SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF KIDNEY DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Hepatitis B virus (HBV); reverse seroconversion; reactivation; hemodialysis; immunosuppression; HIV infection; infection control; blood contamination; environmental transmission; false-negative; viral testing; viral surveillance; case report ID VIRUS REACTIVATION; SURFACE-ANTIGEN; TRANSPLANTATION; INFECTION; PATIENT AB In March 2013, public health authorities were notified of a new hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in a patient receiving hemodialysis. We investigated to identify the source and prevent additional infections. We reviewed medical records, interviewed the index patient regarding hepatitis B risk factors, performed HBV molecular analysis, and observed infection control practices at the outpatient hemodialysis facility where she received care. The index patient's only identified hepatitis B risk factor was hemodialysis treatment. The facility had no other patients with known active HBV infection. One patient had evidence of a resolved HBV infection. Investigation of this individual, who was identified as the source patient, indicated that HBV reverse sero-conversion and reactivation had occurred in the setting of HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) infection and a failed kidney transplant. HBV whole genome sequences analysis from the index and source patients indicated 99.9% genetic homology. Facility observations revealed multiple infection control breaches. Inadequate dilution of the source patient's sample during HBV testing might have led to a false-negative result, delaying initiation of hemodialysis in isolation. In conclusion, HBV transmission occurred after an HIV-positive hemodialysis patient with transplant-related immunosuppression experienced HBV reverse seroconversion and reactivation. Providers should be aware of this possibility, especially among severely immunosuppressed patients, and maintain stringent infection control. Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of the National Kidney Foundation, Inc. This is a US Government Work. There are no restrictions on its use. C1 [Rhea, Sarah] CDC, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Rhea, Sarah; Pace, Robert; Mobley, Victoria; MacFarquhar, Jennifer; Moore, Zack] North Carolina Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Raleigh, NC USA. [Moorman, Anne; Hayden, Tonya; Thai, Hong; Drobeniuc, Jan] CDC, Div Viral Hepatitis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [MacFarquhar, Jennifer] CDC, Off Publ Hlth Preparedness & Response, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Robinson, Edward] Guilford Cty Dept Publ Hlth, Greensboro, NC USA. [Brooks, John T.] CDC, Div HIV AIDS Prevent Surveillance, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Patel, Priti R.] CDC, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Rhea, S (reprint author), CDC, Epidem Intelligence Serv, 1902 Mail Serv Ctr, Raleigh, NC 27699 USA. EM srhea@cdc.gov NR 17 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0272-6386 EI 1523-6838 J9 AM J KIDNEY DIS JI Am. J. Kidney Dis. PD AUG PY 2016 VL 68 IS 2 BP 292 EP 295 DI 10.1053/j.ajkd.2016.03.424 PG 4 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA DS4LZ UT WOS:000380753900021 PM 27161589 ER PT J AU Chang, HY Lyapustina, T Rutkow, L Daubresse, M Richey, M Faul, M Stuart, EA Alexander, GC AF Chang, Hsien-Yen Lyapustina, Tatyana Rutkow, Lainie Daubresse, Matthew Richey, Matt Faul, Mark Stuart, Elizabeth A. Alexander, G. Caleb TI Impact of prescription drug monitoring programs and pill mill laws on high-risk opioid prescribers: A comparative interrupted time series analysis SO DRUG AND ALCOHOL DEPENDENCE LA English DT Article DE High-risk opioid prescribing; Prescription drug abuse; Prescription drug monitoring program; Pill mill law; Time series analysis ID OVERDOSE DEATHS; UNITED-STATES; PAIN RELIEVERS; FLORIDA; UK; MORTALITY; EPIDEMIC; DECLINE; CRISIS; POLICY AB Background: Prescription drug monitoring programs (PDMPs) and pill mill laws were implemented to reduce opioid-related injuries/deaths. We evaluated their effects on high-risk prescribers in Florida. Methods: We used IMS Health's LRx Lifelink database between July 2010 and September 2012 to identify opioid-prescribing prescribers in Florida (intervention state, N: 38,465) and Georgia (control state, N: 18,566). The pre-intervention, intervention, and post-intervention periods were: July 2010-June 2011, July 2011-September 2011, and October 2011-September 2012. High-risk prescribers were those in the top 5th percentile of opioid volume during four consecutive calendar quarters. We applied comparative interrupted time series models to evaluate policy effects on clinical practices and monthly prescribing measures for low-risk/high-risk prescribers. Results: We identified 1526 (4.0%) high-risk prescribers in Florida, accounting for 67% of total opioid volume and 40% of total opioid prescriptions. Relative to their lower-risk counterparts, they wrote sixteen times more monthly opioid prescriptions (79 vs. 5, p < 0.01), and had more prescription-filling patients receiving opioids (47% vs. 19%, p < 0.01). Following policy implementation, Florida's high-risk providers experienced large relative reductions in opioid patients and opioid prescriptions (-536 patients/month, 95% confidence intervals [CI] -829 to -243; -847 prescriptions/month, CI -1498 to -197), morphine equivalent dose (-0.88 mg/month, CI -1.13 to -0.62), and total opioid volume (-3.88 kg/month, CI -5.14 to -2.62). Low-risk providers did not experience statistically significantly relative reductions, nor did policy implementation affect the status of being high- vs. low- risk prescribers. Conclusions: High-risk prescribers are disproportionately responsive to state policies. However, opioids-prescribing remains highly concentrated among high-risk providers. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Chang, Hsien-Yen; Rutkow, Lainie; Stuart, Elizabeth A.] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Hlth Policy & Management, 624 N Broadway SL, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. [Chang, Hsien-Yen; Daubresse, Matthew; Stuart, Elizabeth A.; Alexander, G. Caleb] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Ctr Drug Safety & Effectiveness, 615 N Wolfe St W6035, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. [Lyapustina, Tatyana; Daubresse, Matthew; Alexander, G. Caleb] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, 615 N Wolfe St W6035, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. [Richey, Matt] St Olaf Coll, Dept Math Stat & Comp Sci, Regents Hall Sci 302, Northfield, MN 55057 USA. [Faul, Mark] Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 4770 Buford Hwy,NE Mail Stop MS F-63, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Stuart, Elizabeth A.] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Mental Hlth, 624 N Broadway,8th Floor, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. [Stuart, Elizabeth A.] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hl, Dept Biostat, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. [Alexander, G. Caleb] Johns Hopkins Med, Div Gen Internal Med, 615 N Wolfe St, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. RP Alexander, GC (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Ctr Drug Safety & Effectiveness, 615 N Wolfe St W6035, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. EM hchang24@jhmi.edu; tlyapus1@jhmi.edu; lrutkow@jhu.edu; mdaubre1@jhu.edu; richeym@stolaf.edu; mgf7@cdc.gov; estuart@jhsph.edu; galexand@jhsph.edu OI Chang, Hsien-Yen/0000-0002-7997-4822 FU Robert Wood Johnson Foundation Public Health Law Research Program; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [U01CE002499] FX This work was funded by the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation Public Health Law Research Program and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention under Cooperative Agreement U01CE002499. The funding sources had no role in the design and conduct of the study, analysis, or interpretation of the data; and preparation or final approval of the manuscript prior to publication. The opinions and conclusions expressed are solely of the author(s) and should not be construed as representing the opinions of CDC or any agency of the Federal Government. NR 28 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 0376-8716 EI 1879-0046 J9 DRUG ALCOHOL DEPEN JI Drug Alcohol Depend. PD AUG 1 PY 2016 VL 165 BP 1 EP 8 DI 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2016.04.033 PG 8 WC Substance Abuse; Psychiatry SC Substance Abuse; Psychiatry GA DS1YU UT WOS:000380421900001 PM 27264166 ER PT J AU Gardner, LI Marks, G Strathdee, SA Loughlin, AM del Rio, C Kerndt, P Mahoney, P Pitasi, MA Metsch, LR AF Gardner, Lytt I. Marks, Gary Strathdee, Steffanie A. Loughlin, Anita M. del Rio, Carlos Kerndt, Peter Mahoney, Pamela Pitasi, Marc A. Metsch, Lisa R. TI Faster entry into HIV care among HIV-infected drug users who had been in drug-use treatment programs SO DRUG AND ALCOHOL DEPENDENCE LA English DT Article DE HIV; Substance use; Randomized trial; Linkage to HIV medical care ID ACTIVE ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; METHADONE-MAINTENANCE THERAPY; CRACK COCAINE USERS; TREATMENT OUTCOMES; RANDOMIZED-TRIAL; MEDICAL-CARE; CELL COUNT; ADHERENCE; SURVIVAL; PEOPLE AB Objective: We evaluated whether being in drug use treatment improves linkage to HIV medical care for HIV-infected drug users. We assessed whether an evidence-based intervention for linkage to care ['ARTAS'] works better for HIV-infected drug users who had been in drug use treatment than those who had not. Design: Randomized trial. Methods: 295 Participants in the Antiretroviral Treatment Access Study ['ARTAS'] trial were followed for time to first HIV medical care. Drug use (injected and non-injected drugs) in the last 30 days and being in drug treatment in the last 12 months were assessed by audio-CASI. We used a proportional hazards model of time to care in drug users with and without drug treatment, adjusting for barriers to care, AIDS symptoms, and demographic factors. We tested whether drug treatment modified the intervention effect by using a drug use/drug treatment*intervention interaction term. Results: Ninety-nine participants (30%) reported drug use in the 30 days before enrollment. Fifty-three (18%) reported being in a drug treatment program in the last 12 months. Drug users reporting methadone maintenance became engaged in care in less than half the time of drug users without a treatment history [HR 2.97 (1.20, 6.21)]. The ARTAS intervention effect was significantly larger for drug users with a treatment history compared to drug users without a treatment history (AHR 5.40, [95% CI, 2.03-14.38]). Conclusions: Having been in drug treatment programs facilitated earlier entry into care among drug users diagnosed with HIV infection, and improved their response to the ARTAS linkage intervention. Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd. C1 [Gardner, Lytt I.; Marks, Gary; Pitasi, Marc A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS E-45, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Strathdee, Steffanie A.; Loughlin, Anita M.] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA. [del Rio, Carlos] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [del Rio, Carlos] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Kerndt, Peter] Los Angeles Cty & Univ Southern Calif, Med Ctr, Dept Internal Med, Div Infect Dis, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Mahoney, Pamela] Hlth Res Assoc, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Metsch, Lisa R.] Univ Miami, Sch Med, Miami, FL USA. RP Gardner, LI (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS E-45, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM lig0@cdc.gov; gdm8@cdc.gov; sstrathdee@ucsd.edu; anita.loughlin@optum.com; cdelrio@emory.edu; prk1@cdc.gov; pam.mahoney@epiresources.com; vval@cdc.gov; lm2892@cumc.columbia.edu RI del Rio, Carlos/B-3763-2012 OI del Rio, Carlos/0000-0002-0153-3517 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [U64/CCU417672, U64/CCU917638, U64/CCU317654, U64/CCU417657] FX This research was funded by Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Cooperative Agreements to each of the four study sites (Cooperative Agreements U64/CCU417672; U64/CCU917638; U64/CCU317654; and U64/CCU417657). CDC management has cleared a pre-submission version of the manuscript, but has not exerted editorial control over its content. CDC, through investigators L.I.G. and G.M., was involved in the design, collection, and analysis of the data. NR 46 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 0376-8716 EI 1879-0046 J9 DRUG ALCOHOL DEPEN JI Drug Alcohol Depend. PD AUG 1 PY 2016 VL 165 BP 15 EP 21 DI 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2016.05.018 PG 7 WC Substance Abuse; Psychiatry SC Substance Abuse; Psychiatry GA DS1YU UT WOS:000380421900003 PM 27296978 ER PT J AU Cooley, LA Wejnert, C Spiller, MW Broz, D Paz-Bailey, G AF Cooley, Laura A. Wejnert, Cyprian Spiller, Michael W. Broz, Dita Paz-Bailey, Gabriela CA NHBS Study Grp TI Low HIV testing among persons who inject drugs-National HIV Behavioral Surveillance, 20 US cities, 2012 SO DRUG AND ALCOHOL DEPENDENCE LA English DT Article DE HIV testing; Persons who inject drugs; HIV prevention ID UNITED-STATES; HIDDEN POPULATIONS; INFECTION; USERS; RISK; SYSTEM AB Introduction: Persons who inject drugs (PWID) continue to be disproportionately affected by HIV. HIV testing is key to reducing HIV transmission by increasing awareness of HIV status and linking HIV-positive persons to care. Using data from PWID participating in CDC's National HIV Behavioral Surveillance (NHBS) system, we examined prevalence of recent HIV testing among PWID by certain characteristics to guide interventions to increase HIV testing. Methods: We analyzed NHBS data from PWID 18 years or older recruited via respondent-driven sampling in 20 US cities in 2012. We examined demographic and behavioral factors associated with recent HIV testing (within 12 months before interview) using a Poisson model to calculate adjusted prevalence ratios (aPRs). Results: Of 9555 PWID, 53% had recently tested for HIV. In multivariable analysis, HIV testing was more frequent among participants who visited a healthcare provider (aPR 1.50, P<0.001), participated in alcohol or drug treatment (aPR 1.21, P<0.001), or received an HIV prevention intervention (aPR 1.26, P < 0.001). HIV testing was also more frequent among participants who received free sterile syringes (aPR 1.12, P < 0.001). Discussion: Only half of PWID participating in NHBS in 2012 reported recent HIV testing. HIV testing was more frequent among participants who accessed health and HIV prevention services. To increase HIV testing among PWID, it is important for providers in healthcare and HIV prevention settings to proactively assess risk factors for HIV, including injection drug use, and offer a wide range of appropriate interventions, such as HIV testing. Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd. C1 [Cooley, Laura A.; Wejnert, Cyprian; Spiller, Michael W.; Broz, Dita; Paz-Bailey, Gabriela] CDC, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Cooley, Laura A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS-E46, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. RP Cooley, LA (reprint author), CDC, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.; Cooley, LA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS-E46, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM LCooley@cdc.gov FU CDC FX The National HIV Behavioral Surveillance (NHBS) system is funded by CDC. Data collection is conducted by funded sites in accordance with a standardized protocol developed by CDC. NR 25 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 0376-8716 EI 1879-0046 J9 DRUG ALCOHOL DEPEN JI Drug Alcohol Depend. PD AUG 1 PY 2016 VL 165 BP 270 EP 274 DI 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2016.05.024 PG 5 WC Substance Abuse; Psychiatry SC Substance Abuse; Psychiatry GA DS1YU UT WOS:000380421900036 PM 27323649 ER PT J AU Davis, KG Hudock, SD AF Davis, Kermit G. Hudock, Stephen D. TI Preface to the Special Section on the Impact of Thomas Waters on the Field of Ergonomics SO HUMAN FACTORS LA English DT Editorial Material ID INTERVENTIONS C1 [Davis, Kermit G.] Univ Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. [Hudock, Stephen D.] NIOSH, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. RP Davis, KG (reprint author), Univ Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 0018-7208 EI 1547-8181 J9 HUM FACTORS JI Hum. Factors PD AUG PY 2016 VL 58 IS 5 BP 665 EP 666 DI 10.1177/0018720816652150 PG 2 WC Behavioral Sciences; Engineering, Industrial; Ergonomics; Psychology, Applied; Psychology SC Behavioral Sciences; Engineering; Psychology GA DS0IC UT WOS:000380277900002 PM 27385676 ER PT J AU Lu, ML Putz-Anderson, V Garg, A Davis, KG AF Lu, Ming-Lun Putz-Anderson, Vern Garg, Arun Davis, Kermit G. TI Evaluation of the Impact of the Revised National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health Lifting Equation SO HUMAN FACTORS LA English DT Review DE Revised NIOSH Lifting Equation; lifting index; manual lifting; low back pain; impact ID LOW-BACK-PAIN; BACKWORKS-PROSPECTIVE-COHORT; MAXIMUM ACCEPTABLE WEIGHTS; MANUAL HANDLING TASKS; 1991 NIOSH EQUATION; MUSCULOSKELETAL DISORDERS; PHYSICAL DEMANDS; PHYSIOLOGICAL CRITERIA; ASYMMETRY MULTIPLIER; RISK-ASSESSMENT AB Objective: The objective of this article is to evaluate the impact of the Revised National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health Lifting Equation (RNLE). Background: The RNLE has been used extensively as a risk assessment method for prevention of low back pain (LBP). However, the impact of the RNLE has not been documented. Methods: A systematic review of the literature on the RNLE was conducted. The review consisted of three parts: characterization of the RNLE publications, assessment of the impact of the RNLE, and evaluation of the influences of the RNLE on ergonomic standards. The literature for assessing the impact was categorized into four research areas: methodology, laboratory, field, and risk assessment studies using the Lifting Index (LI) or Composite LI (CLI), both of which are the products of the RNLE. Results: The impact of the RNLE has been both widespread and influential. We found 24 studies that examined the criteria used to define lifting capacity used by the RNLE, 28 studies that compared risk assessment methods for identifying LBP, 23 studies that found the RNLE useful in identifying the risk of LBP with different work populations, and 13 studies on the relationship between LI/CLI and LBP outcomes. We also found evidence on the adoption of the RNLE as an ergonomic standard for use by various local, state, and international entities. Conclusion: The review found 13 studies that link LI/CLI to adverse LBP outcomes. These studies showed a positive relationship between LI/CLI metrics and the severity of LBP outcomes. C1 [Lu, Ming-Lun; Putz-Anderson, Vern] Taft Labs, Cincinnati, OH USA. [Garg, Arun] Univ Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA. [Davis, Kermit G.] Univ Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. RP Lu, ML (reprint author), NIOSH, Taft Labs, 1150 Tusculum Ave,MS C-24, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. EM mlu@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 108 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 8 U2 8 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 0018-7208 EI 1547-8181 J9 HUM FACTORS JI Hum. Factors PD AUG PY 2016 VL 58 IS 5 BP 667 EP 682 DI 10.1177/0018720815623894 PG 16 WC Behavioral Sciences; Engineering, Industrial; Ergonomics; Psychology, Applied; Psychology SC Behavioral Sciences; Engineering; Psychology GA DS0IC UT WOS:000380277900003 PM 26822795 ER PT J AU Waters, T Occhipinti, E Colombini, D Alvarez-Casado, E Fox, R AF Waters, Thomas Occhipinti, Enrico Colombini, Daniela Alvarez-Casado, Enrique Fox, Robert TI Variable Lifting Index (VLI): A New Method for Evaluating Variable Lifting Tasks SO HUMAN FACTORS LA English DT Article DE biomechanics; physical ergonomics; job analysis; manual materials handling; risk assessment ID RISK-FACTORS; BACK-PAIN; EQUATION; DEMANDS; STRESS; DESIGN; LOAD; JOBS; CABS AB Objective: We seek to develop a new approach for analyzing the physical demands of highly variable lifting tasks through an adaptation of the Revised NIOSH (National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health) Lifting Equation (RNLE) into a Variable Lifting Index (VLI). Background: There are many jobs that contain individual lifts that vary from lift to lift due to the task requirements. The NIOSH Lifting Equation is not suitable in its present form to analyze variable lifting tasks. Method: In extending the prior work on the VLI, two procedures are presented to allow users to analyze variable lifting tasks. One approach involves the sampling of lifting tasks performed by a worker over a shift and the calculation of the Frequency Independent Lift Index (FILI) for each sampled lift and the aggregation of the FILI values into six categories. The Composite Lift Index (CLI) equation is used with lifting index (LI) category frequency data to calculate the VLI. The second approach employs a detailed systematic collection of lifting task data from production and/or organizational sources. The data are organized into simplified task parameter categories and further aggregated into six FILI categories, which also use the CLI equation to calculate the VLI. Results: The two procedures will allow practitioners to systematically employ the VLI method to a variety of work situations where highly variable lifting tasks are performed. Conclusions: The scientific basis for the VLI procedure is similar to that for the CLI originally presented by NIOSH; however, the VLI method remains to be validated. Application: The VLI method allows an analyst to assess highly variable manual lifting jobs in which the task characteristics vary from lift to lift during a shift. C1 [Waters, Thomas] NIOSH, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Occhipinti, Enrico; Colombini, Daniela] Int Sch Ergon Posture & Movement EPM, Res Unit, Milan, Italy. [Occhipinti, Enrico; Colombini, Daniela] Int Sch Ergon Posture & Movement EPM, Milan, Italy. [Alvarez-Casado, Enrique] Ctr Ergon Aplicada CENEA, Barcelona, Spain. [Fox, Robert] Gen Motors Co, Detroit, MI USA. RP Occhipinti, E (reprint author), Univ Milan, Clin Lavoro, I-20122 Milan, Italy. EM epmenrico@tiscali.it NR 20 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 8 U2 8 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 0018-7208 EI 1547-8181 J9 HUM FACTORS JI Hum. Factors PD AUG PY 2016 VL 58 IS 5 BP 695 EP 711 DI 10.1177/0018720815612256 PG 17 WC Behavioral Sciences; Engineering, Industrial; Ergonomics; Psychology, Applied; Psychology SC Behavioral Sciences; Engineering; Psychology GA DS0IC UT WOS:000380277900005 PM 26646300 ER PT J AU Fathallah, FA Tang, SCH Waters, T AF Fathallah, Fadi A. Tang, Steven C. H. Waters, Thomas TI Development and Evaluation of Ergonomic Interventions for Bucket Handling on Farms SO HUMAN FACTORS LA English DT Article DE family farm; intervention; youth; low back disorders; bucket ID BACK-PAIN; MUSCULOSKELETAL DISORDERS; FAMILY HEALTH; RISK; WORK; AGRICULTURE; INJURIES; INDUSTRY; CHILDREN; TASK AB Objective: The aim of this study was to introduce and evaluate two interventions, Ergo Bucket Carrier (EBC) and Easy Lift (EL), for youths (and adults) to handle water/feed buckets on farms. Background: The physical activities of both adult and youth farm workers contribute to the development of low-back disorders (LBDs). Many of the activities youths perform on farms are associated with increased LBD risk, particularly, the handling of water and feed buckets. Method: Seventeen adult and youth participants (10 males and seven females) participated in this study. To assess the risk of LBDs, the participants were instrumented with a three-dimensional spinal electrogonio-meter while lifting, carrying, and dumping water buckets using the traditional method and the two interventions. Results: For both the adult and youth groups, the results showed that the two interventions significantly decrease the magnitudes of LBD risk in many of the tasks evaluated. Overall, the use of the EBC resulted in a 41% reduction in the level of LBD risk for the carrying task and a reduction of 69% for the dumping task. Using the EL, on the other hand, is especially effective for lifting tasks (55% reduction in LBD risk). Results of the subjective response were consistent with the objective evaluations. Conclusion: This study demonstrated the potential for ergonomic interventions in reducing LBD risk during the common farming task of bucket handling. Application: Potential application of this study includes the introduction of the EBC and EL in family farms to reduce the LBD risk among youth and adult farmers. C1 [Fathallah, Fadi A.] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Tang, Steven C. H.] US Northern Command, Colorado Springs, CO USA. [Waters, Thomas] NIOSH, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. RP Fathallah, FA (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Biol & Agr Engn, One Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM fathallah@ucdavis.edu FU National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health [211-2003-M-02374] FX The authors would like to thank Bruce Hartsough, John Miles, and Mir Shafii for their invaluable contributions to this study and the late Brandon Miller for assisting in Phase 2 data collection. Partial funding for this project was provided through National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health Contract No. 211-2003-M-02374. NR 42 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 9 U2 9 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 0018-7208 EI 1547-8181 J9 HUM FACTORS JI Hum. Factors PD AUG PY 2016 VL 58 IS 5 BP 758 EP 776 DI 10.1177/0018720816631902 PG 19 WC Behavioral Sciences; Engineering, Industrial; Ergonomics; Psychology, Applied; Psychology SC Behavioral Sciences; Engineering; Psychology GA DS0IC UT WOS:000380277900009 PM 26994024 ER PT J AU Mercado, MC Quan, LD Bennett, E Gilchrist, J Levy, BA Robinson, CL Wendorf, K Fife, MAG Stevens, MR Lee, R AF Mercado, Melissa C. Quan, Linda Bennett, Elizabeth Gilchrist, Julie Levy, Benjamin A. Robinson, Candice L. Wendorf, Kristen Fife, Maria Aurora Gangan Stevens, Mark R. Lee, Robin TI Can you really swim? Validation of self and parental reports of swim skill with an inwater swim test among children attending community pools in Washington State SO INJURY PREVENTION LA English DT Article ID CHILDHOOD AB Background Drowning is the second leading cause of unintentional injury death among US children. Multiple studies describe decreased drowning risk among children possessing some swim skills. Current surveillance for this protective factor is self/proxy-reported swim skill rather than observed inwater performance; however, children's self-report or parents' proxy report of swim skill has not been validated. This is the first US study to evaluate whether children or parents can validly report a child's swim skill. It also explores which swim skill survey measure(s) correlate with children's inwater swim performance. Methods For this cross-sectional convenience-based sample, pilot study, child/parent dyads (N=482) were recruited at three outdoor public pools in Washington State. Agreement between measures of self-reports and parental-reports of children's swim skill was assessed via paired analyses, and validated by inwater swim test results. Results Participants were representative of pool's patrons (ie, non-Hispanic White, highly educated, high income). There was agreement in child/parent dyads' reports of the following child swim skill measures: 'ever taken swim lessons', perceived 'good swim skills' and 'comfort in water over head'. Correlation analyses suggest that reported 'good swim skills' was the best survey measure to assess a child's swim skill-best if the parent was the informant (r=0.25-0.47). History of swim lessons was not significantly correlated with passing the swim test. Conclusions Reported 'good swim skills' was most correlated with observed swim skill. Reporting 'yes' to 'ever taken swim lessons' did not correlate with swim skill. While non-generalisable, findings can help inform future studies. C1 [Mercado, Melissa C.; Levy, Benjamin A.; Robinson, Candice L.; Wendorf, Kristen] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Ctr Surveillance Epidemiol & Lab Serv, Off Publ Hlth Sci Serv, Atlanta, GA USA. [Mercado, Melissa C.; Gilchrist, Julie; Levy, Benjamin A.; Lee, Robin] CDC, Div Unintent Injury Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, 4770 Buford Hwy NE,MS F-62, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Quan, Linda; Bennett, Elizabeth; Fife, Maria Aurora Gangan] Seattle Childrens Hosp, Seattle, WA USA. [Quan, Linda] Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Robinson, Candice L.] Arizona Dept Hlth Serv Maricopa Cty, Dept Publ Hlth, Phoenix, AZ USA. [Wendorf, Kristen] Publ Hlth Seattle King Cty, Seattle, WA USA. [Stevens, Mark R.] CDC, Div Anal Res & Practice Integrat, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Mercado, MC (reprint author), CDC, Div Unintent Injury Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, 4770 Buford Hwy NE,MS F-62, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM cju8@cdc.gov FU National Swimming Pool Foundation FX This study was partially supported by the National Swimming Pool Foundation. NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 5 PU BMJ PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 1353-8047 EI 1475-5785 J9 INJURY PREV JI Inj. Prev. PD AUG PY 2016 VL 22 IS 4 BP 253 EP 260 DI 10.1136/injuryprev-2015-041680 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DS4JU UT WOS:000380748200004 PM 26759347 ER PT J AU Cardemil, CV Jonas, A Beukes, A Anderson, R Rota, PA Bankamp, B Gary, HE Sawadogo, S Patel, SV Zeko, S Muroua, C Gaeb, E Wannemuehler, K Gerber, S Goodson, JL AF Cardemil, Cristina V. Jonas, Anna Beukes, Anita Anderson, Raydel Rota, Paul A. Bankamp, Bettina Gary, Howard E., Jr. Sawadogo, Souleymane Patel, Sadhna V. Zeko, Sikota Muroua, Clementine Gaeb, Esegiel Wannemuehler, Kathleen Gerber, Sue Goodson, James L. TI Measles immunity among pregnant women aged 15-44 years in Namibia, 2008 and 2010 SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Measles; Seroprevalence; Namibia; Pregnant women; Population immunity ID SOUTHERN AFRICA; ELIMINATION; VIRUS; IGG; IMMUNOGENICITY; SEROPREVALENCE; VACCINE; INFANTS; IMPACT AB Background: Namibia experienced a large measles outbreak starting in 2009, with 38% of reported cases in adults, including women of reproductive age. Population immunity was assessed among pregnant women to determine whether immunization activities were needed in adults to achieve measles elimination in Namibia. Methods: A total of 1708 and 2040 specimens sampled from Namibian pregnant women aged 15-44 years who were included in the 2008 and 2010 National HIV Sentinel Survey, respectively, were tested for measles immunoglobulin G antibody. The proportion of women seropositive overall and by 5-year age strata was determined, and factors associated with seropositivity were analyzed by logistic regression, including age, facility type, gravidity, HIV status, and urban/rural setting. Seropositivity in 2008 versus 2010 was compared. Results: In both analysis years, measles seropositivity was lower in 15-19-year-olds (77%) and 20-24-year-olds (85-87%) and higher in 25-44-year-olds (90-94%) (2008, p < 0.001; 2010, p < 0.001). Overall measles seropositivity did not differ between 2008 (87%) and 2010 (87%) (p = 0.7). HIV status did not affect seropositivity. Conclusions: Late in a large measles outbreak, 13% of pregnant women in Namibia, and almost one in four 15-19-year-old pregnant women, remained susceptible to measles. In Namibia, immunization campaigns with measles-containing vaccine should be considered for adults. Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of International Society for Infectious Diseases. C1 [Cardemil, Cristina V.; Wannemuehler, Kathleen; Goodson, James L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Global Immunizat Div, 1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Jonas, Anna; Gary, Howard E., Jr.; Zeko, Sikota; Muroua, Clementine] Minist Hlth & Social Serv, Directorate Special Programmes, Primary Hlth Directorate, Windhoek, Namibia. [Jonas, Anna; Gary, Howard E., Jr.; Zeko, Sikota; Muroua, Clementine] Family Hlth Div, Expanded Programme Immunizat, Windhoek, Namibia. [Beukes, Anita; Sawadogo, Souleymane; Patel, Sadhna V.; Gerber, Sue] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Windhoek, Namibia. [Anderson, Raydel; Rota, Paul A.; Bankamp, Bettina] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Gaeb, Esegiel] Namibia Inst Pathol, Windhoek, Namibia. RP Cardemil, CV (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Global Immunizat Div, 1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM iyk8@cdc.gov FU CDC, Atlanta, USA FX The authors would like to recognize the efforts of all staff of the Expanded Programme on Immunization and the surveillance officers and laboratory staff in Namibia, as well as the laboratory and data management staff at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). This work was supported by the CDC, Atlanta, USA. NR 36 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1201-9712 EI 1878-3511 J9 INT J INFECT DIS JI Int. J. Infect. Dis. PD AUG PY 2016 VL 49 BP 189 EP 195 DI 10.1016/j.ijid.2016.05.020 PG 7 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA DS5FL UT WOS:000380806600031 PM 27235084 ER PT J AU Jonas, A Cardemil, CV Beukes, A Anderson, R Rota, PA Bankamp, B Gary, HE Sawadogo, S Patel, SV Zeko, S Muroua, C Gaeb, E Wannemuehler, K Gerber, S Goodson, JL AF Jonas, Anna Cardemil, Cristina V. Beukes, Anita Anderson, Raydel Rota, Paul A. Bankamp, Bettina Gary, Howard E., Jr. Sawadogo, Souleymane Patel, Sadhna V. Zeko, Sikota Muroua, Clementine Gaeb, Esegiel Wannemuehler, Kathleen Gerber, Sue Goodson, James L. TI Rubella immunity among pregnant women aged 15-44 years, Namibia, 2010 SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Rubella; Seroprevalence; Namibia; Pregnant women; Population immunity ID CONGENITAL-RUBELLA; EGYPTIAN FEMALES; BURKINA-FASO; SEROPREVALENCE; INFECTIONS; SEROEPIDEMIOLOGY; CYTOMEGALOVIRUS; IMMUNIZATION; VACCINATION; ANTIBODIES AB Background: The level of rubella susceptibility among women of reproductive age in Namibia is unknown. Documenting the risk of rubella will help estimate the potential burden of disease in Namibian women and the risk of congenital rubella syndrome (CRS) in infants, and will guide strategies for the introduction of rubella vaccine. Methods: A total of 2044 serum samples from pregnant Namibian women aged 15-44 years were tested for rubella immunoglobulin G antibody; the samples were obtained during the 2010 National HIV Sentinel Survey. The proportion of women seropositive for rubella was determined by 5-year age strata, and factors associated with seropositivity were analyzed by logistic regression, including age, gravidity, HIV status, facility type, and urban/rural status. Results: Overall rubella seroprevalence was 85% (95% confidence interval (CI) 83-86%). Seroprevalence varied by age group (83-90%) and health district (71-100%). In the multivariable model, women from urban residences had higher odds of seropositivity as compared to women from rural residences (odds ratio 1.40, 95% CI 1.09-1.81). Conclusions: In the absence of a routine rubella immunization program, the high level of rubella seropositivity suggests rubella virus transmission in Namibia, yet 15% of pregnant Namibian women remain susceptible to rubella. The introduction of rubella vaccine will help reduce the risk of rubella in pregnant women and CRS in infants. Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of International Society for Infectious Diseases. C1 [Jonas, Anna; Zeko, Sikota; Muroua, Clementine] Minist Hlth & Social Serv, Directorate Special Programmes, Primary Hlth Directorate, Windhoek, Namibia. [Jonas, Anna; Zeko, Sikota; Muroua, Clementine] Family Hlth Div, Expanded Programme Immunizat, Windhoek, Namibia. [Cardemil, Cristina V.; Gary, Howard E., Jr.; Wannemuehler, Kathleen; Goodson, James L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Global Immunizat Div, 1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Beukes, Anita; Sawadogo, Souleymane; Patel, Sadhna V.; Gerber, Sue] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Windhoek, Namibia. [Anderson, Raydel; Rota, Paul A.; Bankamp, Bettina] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Gaeb, Esegiel] Namibia Inst Pathol, Windhoek, Namibia. RP Cardemil, CV (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Global Immunizat Div, 1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM iyk8@cdc.gov FU CDC, Atlanta, USA FX The authors would like to recognize the efforts of all staff of the Expanded Programme on Immunizations, the surveillance officers, and the laboratory staff in Namibia, as well as the laboratory and data management staff at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). This work was supported by the CDC, Atlanta, USA. NR 49 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1201-9712 EI 1878-3511 J9 INT J INFECT DIS JI Int. J. Infect. Dis. PD AUG PY 2016 VL 49 BP 196 EP 201 DI 10.1016/j.ijid.2016.05.009 PG 6 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA DS5FL UT WOS:000380806600032 PM 27196370 ER PT J AU Butler, K Ritter, JM Ellis, S Morris, MR Hanson, DL McNicholl, JM Kersh, EN AF Butler, Katherine Ritter, Jana M. Ellis, Shanon Morris, Monica R. Hanson, Debra L. McNicholl, Janet M. Kersh, Ellen N. TI A Depot Medroxyprogesterone Acetate Dose That Models Human Use and Its Effect on Vaginal SHIV Acquisition Risk SO JAIDS-JOURNAL OF ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES LA English DT Article DE HIV; acquisition risk; hormonal contraception; macaque model ID TENOFOVIR DISOPROXIL FUMARATE; HIV ACQUISITION; HORMONAL CONTRACEPTION; EPIDEMIOLOGIC EVIDENCE; PIGTAIL MACAQUES; WOMENS RISK; SUSCEPTIBILITY; TRANSMISSION; PROGESTERONE; EPITHELIUM AB Introduction:Hormonal contraception with depot medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA) may increase HIV acquisition risk, but observational human studies are inconclusive, and animal models can help investigate this risk. In this study, we test the impact of a low DMPA dose, designed to resemble human contraceptive use, on Simian-Human Immunodeficiency Virus (SHIV) acquisition risk in pigtail macaques (Macaca nemestrina).Methods:Macaques metabolize DMPA faster than humans. We previously identified a per-weight DMPA dose and administration frequency that achieves long-lasting suppression of ovulation in macaques. Eight macaques were given 1.5-mg/kg DMPA monthly, whereas 11 were untreated controls. For comparison, women receive 150 mg (approximately 2 mg/kg) every 3 months. We exposed monkeys to 20 suboptimal SHIV challenges, designed to slowly infect half of controls and allow increased infection in the DMPA group.Results:It took a median 5.5 viral challenges to infect DMPA-treated macaques and 9 challenges for controls (P = 0.27; exact conditional logistic regression). The exact odds ratio was 2.2 (CI: 0.6 to 8.3). Ovulation was suppressed, and the vaginal epithelium was thinned after DMPA treatment in all animals (mean, 30 and 219 mm in DMPA-treated and control macaques, respectively, P = 0.03, t test using the Satterthwaite degrees-of-freedom approximation).Conclusions:SHIV infections in DMPA-treated macaques were 2.2 times those of controls, but this was not statistically significant. The result is remarkably similar to studies of human DMPA use, which have shown HIV risk increases of a similar magnitude and of variable significance. Taken together with previous studies of higher DMPA doses in macaques, the results suggest a dose-dependent effect of DMPA on Simian Immunodeficiency Virus (SIV) or SHIV acquisition. C1 [Butler, Katherine; Hanson, Debra L.; McNicholl, Janet M.; Kersh, Ellen N.] CDC, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS A25, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Ritter, Jana M.] CDC, Div High Consequence Pathogens & Pathol, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Ellis, Shanon; Morris, Monica R.] Total Solut, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Kersh, EN (reprint author), CDC, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS A25, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM ekersh@cdc.gov FU CDC [Y1-Al-0681-02]; NIH [Y1-Al-0681-02] FX Supported by the CDC and Interagency Agreement Y1-Al-0681-02 between the CDC and NIH. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the CDC. NR 27 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 1525-4135 EI 1077-9450 J9 JAIDS-J ACQ IMM DEF JI JAIDS PD AUG 1 PY 2016 VL 72 IS 4 BP 363 EP 371 DI 10.1097/QAI.0000000000000975 PG 9 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA DS1PH UT WOS:000380367900003 PM 27355414 ER PT J AU Scott, SM Wallander, JL Elliott, MN Grunbaum, JA Chien, AT Tortolero, S Cuccaro, P Schuster, MA AF Scott, Sarah M. Wallander, Jan L. Elliott, Marc N. Grunbaum, Jo Anne Chien, Alyna T. Tortolero, Susan Cuccaro, Paula Schuster, Mark A. TI Do Social Resources Protect Against Lower Quality of Life Among Diverse Young Adolescents? SO JOURNAL OF EARLY ADOLESCENCE LA English DT Article DE quality of life; risk factors; well-being; self-esteem; protective mechanisms; socioeconomic status; racial; ethnic groups ID AFRICAN-AMERICAN ADOLESCENTS; SELF-PERCEPTION PROFILE; GENERIC CORE SCALES; SUBSTANCE USE; FAMILY COHESION; MODERATING ROLE; SOCIOECONOMIC-STATUS; COMMUNITY VIOLENCE; CHILDRENS HEALTH; YOUTH AB We examined whether social resources from the family and the community moderate the risk associated with low socioeconomic status (SES) for reduced quality of life (QL) among youth across racial/ethnic groups. Data were from 4,824 fifth-grade youth (age X = 11.1, SD = 0.6; 49% females) in the Healthy Passages study (2004-2006) located in Birmingham, Alabama; Los Angeles County, California; and Houston, Texas. Youth reported their QL using the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory Version 4.0 and the Global Self-Worth subscale of the Self-Perception Profile and their status for hypothesized protective social mechanisms. Overall, family cohesion, parental nurturance, other adult, and peer support were positively associated with QL across racial/ethnic groups. There were few significant interactions, but all suggested that higher SES youth benefited more than lower SES youth. In fact, family cohesion among African American youth and other adult support among Hispanic youth differentiated QL at higher, but not lower SES. Further research should examine other risk contexts and seek to inform targeted prevention efforts. C1 [Scott, Sarah M.; Wallander, Jan L.] Univ Calif, Psychol Sci, Merced, CA USA. [Elliott, Marc N.; Schuster, Mark A.] RAND Corp, Santa Monica, CA USA. [Grunbaum, Jo Anne] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Res & Evaluat Team, Prevent Res Centers Program, Atlanta, GA USA. [Chien, Alyna T.] Boston Childrens Hosp, Pediat, Boston, MA USA. [Schuster, Mark A.] Boston Childrens Hosp, Dept Med, Boston, MA USA. [Chien, Alyna T.; Schuster, Mark A.] Harvard Med Sch, Boston, MA USA. [Tortolero, Susan] Univ Texas Houston, Sch Publ Hlth, Publ Hlth, Houston, TX USA. [Tortolero, Susan; Cuccaro, Paula] Univ Texas Houston, Sch Publ Hlth, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Res, Houston, TX USA. RP Wallander, JL (reprint author), Univ Calif Merced, 5200 N Lake Rd, Merced, CA 95343 USA. EM jwallander@ucmerced.edu FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Prevention Research Centers [CCU409679, CCU609653, CCU915773, U48DP000046, U48DP000057, U48DP000056, U19DP002663, U19DP002664, U19DP002665] FX The author(s) disclosed receipt of the following financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article: The Healthy Passages Study was funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Prevention Research Centers (Cooperative Agreements CCU409679, CCU609653, CCU915773, U48DP000046, U48DP000057, U48DP000056, U19DP002663, U19DP002664, and U19DP002665). NR 95 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 3 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 0272-4316 EI 1552-5449 J9 J EARLY ADOLESCENCE JI J. Early Adolesc. PD AUG PY 2016 VL 36 IS 6 BP 754 EP 782 DI 10.1177/0272431615588367 PG 29 WC Family Studies; Psychology, Developmental SC Family Studies; Psychology GA DS0FT UT WOS:000380271500002 ER PT J AU Gwyn, S Mitchell, A Dean, D Mkocha, H Handali, S Martin, DL AF Gwyn, Sarah Mitchell, Alexandria Dean, Deborah Mkocha, Harran Handali, Sukwan Martin, Diana L. TI Lateral flow-based antibody testing for Chlamydia trachomatis SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGICAL METHODS LA English DT Article DE Chlamydia trachomatis; Trachoma; Antibody; Serosurveillance; Lateral flow ID PLASMID PROTEIN PGP3; INFECTION; RESPONSES AB We describe here a lateral flow-based assay (LFA) for the detection of antibodies against immunodominant antigen Pgp3 from Chlamydia trachomatis, the causative agent of urogenital chlamydia infection and ocular trachoma. Optimal signal detection was achieved when the gold-conjugate and test line contained Pgp3, creating a dual sandwich capture assay. The LFA yielded positive signals with serum and whole blood but not with eluted dried blood spots. For serum, the agreement of the LFA with the non-reference multiplex assay was 96%, the specificity using nonendemic pediatric sera was 100%, and the inter-rater agreement was kappa = 0.961. For whole blood, the agreement of LFA with multiplex was 81.5%, the specificity was 100%, and the inter-rater agreement was kappa = 0.940. The LFA was tested in a field environment and yielded similar results to those from laboratory-based testing. These data show the successful development of a lateral flow assay for detection of antibodies against Pgp3 with reliable use in field settings, which would make antibody-based testing for trachoma surveillance highly practical, especially after cessation of trachoma elimination programs. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Gwyn, Sarah; Mitchell, Alexandria] IHRC Inc, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Dean, Deborah] UCSF Benioff Childrens Hosp Oakland, Childrens Hosp Oakland, Res Inst, Oakland, CA USA. [Dean, Deborah] Univ Calif San Francisco, Berkeley, CA USA. [Dean, Deborah] Berkeley Grad Program Bioengn, Berkeley, CA USA. [Mkocha, Harran] Kongwa Trachoma Project, Kongwa, Tanzania. [Handali, Sukwan; Martin, Diana L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Martin, DL (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM hzx3@cdc.gov NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 6 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-1759 EI 1872-7905 J9 J IMMUNOL METHODS JI J. Immunol. Methods PD AUG PY 2016 VL 435 BP 27 EP 31 DI 10.1016/j.jim.2016.05.008 PG 5 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Immunology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Immunology GA DS2OS UT WOS:000380624000004 PM 27208400 ER PT J AU Maserejian, NN Trachtenberg, FL Wheaton, OB Calafat, AM Ranganathan, G Kim, HY Hauser, R AF Maserejian, Nancy N. Trachtenberg, Felicia L. Wheaton, Olivia Brown Calafat, Antonia M. Ranganathan, Gayatri Kim, Hae-Young Hauser, Russ TI Changes in urinary bisphenol A concentrations associated with placement of dental composite restorations in children and adolescents SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN DENTAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article DE Dental restoration; dental care for children; composites; pediatric dentistry; polymers; bisphenol A ID ENDOCRINE-DISRUPTING CHEMICALS; RANDOMIZED CROSSOVER TRIAL; TEMPORAL VARIABILITY; PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT; AUSTRALIAN CHILDREN; AMALGAM TRIAL; UNITED-STATES; EXPOSURE; SEALANTS; RELEASE AB Background. Bisphenol A-glycidyl methacrylate (bis-GMA)-based dental composite restorations may release bisphenol A (BPA). The authors assessed changes in urinary BPA concentrations over a 6-month follow-up period in children and adolescents who received bis-GMA-based restorations. Methods. The authors collected data from 91 study participants aged 3 to 17 years who needed composite restorations. Participants provided urine samples and information on BPA-related exposures before and at approximately 1 day, 14 days, and 6 months after treatment. The authors used multivariable linear regression models to test associations between the number of surface restorations placed and the changes in urinary BPA concentrations. Results. Participants had a mean (standard deviation[SD]) of 1.4 (1.0) for surfaces restored with composite at the first treatment visit and 2.3 (1.6) for surfaces restored during the entire study period. Mean (SD) change in urinary BPA concentrations between pretreatment and day 1 was 1.71 (9.94) nanograms per milliliter overall and 0.87 (5.98) after excluding 1 participant who had 8 surfaces restored at the visit. Overall, the authors observed an association between a greater number of composite surface restorations placed and higher urinary BPA concentrations in the 1-day sample (posterior-occlusal exponentiated coefficients[e(beta)] = 1.47; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.18-1.83; P < .001), but the association was attenuated after the authors restricted the sample to the 88 participants who had up to 4 restorations (e(beta) = 1.19; 95% CI, 0.86-1.64), and they did not observe any association using 14-day (e(beta) = 0.94; 95% CI, 0.75-1.18) or 6-month (e(beta) = 0.88; 95% CI, 0.74-1.04) samples. Conclusions. Placement of bis-GMA-based restorations in children and adolescents may produce transient increases in urinary BPA concentrations that are no longer detectable in urine samples taken approximately 14 days or 6 months after treatment. After placement of a few restorations, increases in urinary BPA concentrations may not be detectable, owing to a high level of variation in background BPA exposure. Practical Implications. These results suggest that leaching of BPA from newly placed composite restorations ceases to be detectable in urine within 2 weeks after restoration placement. The potential human health impact of such short-term exposure remains uncertain. C1 [Maserejian, Nancy N.] New England Res Inst, Epidemiol, 9 Galen St, Watertown, MA 02172 USA. [Maserejian, Nancy N.] Harvard Sch Dent Med, Dept Oral Hlth Policy & Epidemiol, Boston, MA USA. [Maserejian, Nancy N.] Biogen, Epidemiol, Cambridge, MA USA. [Trachtenberg, Felicia L.; Wheaton, Olivia Brown; Ranganathan, Gayatri; Kim, Hae-Young] New England Res Inst, 480 Pleasant St, Watertown, MA 02472 USA. [Calafat, Antonia M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Organ Analyt Toxicol Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Kim, Hae-Young] New York Med Coll, Sch Hlth Sci & Practice, Dept Epidemiol & Community Hlth, Valhalla, NY 10595 USA. [Hauser, Russ] Harvard TH Chan Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth, Boston, MA USA. [Hauser, Russ] Harvard TH Chan Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Boston, MA USA. RP Trachtenberg, FL (reprint author), New England Res Inst, 480 Pleasant St, Watertown, MA 02472 USA. EM ftrachtenberg@neriscience.com FU National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences [R01ES019155] FX This study was funded by award R01ES019155 from the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences. NR 61 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU AMER DENTAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 211 E CHICAGO AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60611 USA SN 0002-8177 EI 1943-4723 J9 J AM DENT ASSOC JI J. Am. Dent. Assoc. PD AUG PY 2016 VL 147 IS 8 BP 620 EP 630 DI 10.1016/j.adaj.2016.02.020 PG 11 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA DS5TJ UT WOS:000380844900008 PM 27083778 ER PT J AU Fluent, MT Jacobsen, PL Hicks, LA AF Fluent, Marie T. Jacobsen, Peter L. Hicks, Lauri A. CA OSAP TI A SAFER DENTAL VISIT Considerations for responsible antibiotic use in dentistry SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN DENTAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Editorial Material ID ENDOCARDITIS; PIPELINE C1 [Fluent, Marie T.] Org Safety Asepsis & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Fluent, Marie T.] Infect Control Dent, Ann Arbor, MI USA. [Jacobsen, Peter L.] Univ Pacific, Arthur A Dugoni Sch Dent, Dept Dent Practice & Community Serv, Yountville, CA USA. [Hicks, Lauri A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Antibiot Stewardship, Atlanta, GA USA. [Hicks, Lauri A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Get Smart Know Antibiot Work, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Fluent, MT (reprint author), OSAP, 3525 Piedmt Rd,Bldg 5, Atlanta, GA 30305 USA. EM mfluent@osap.org NR 21 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 3 PU AMER DENTAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 211 E CHICAGO AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60611 USA SN 0002-8177 EI 1943-4723 J9 J AM DENT ASSOC JI J. Am. Dent. Assoc. PD AUG PY 2016 VL 147 IS 8 BP 683 EP 686 DI 10.1016/j.adaj.2016.04.017 PG 4 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA DS5TJ UT WOS:000380844900015 PM 27301851 ER PT J AU Whelan, E AF Whelan, Elizabeth TI The global epidemic of chronic kidney disease: a call for action SO OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Whelan, Elizabeth] NIOSH, Industrywide Studies Branch, Div Surveillance Hazard Evaluat & Field Studies, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1090 Tusculum Ave,R-10, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. RP Whelan, E (reprint author), NIOSH, Industrywide Studies Branch, Div Surveillance Hazard Evaluat & Field Studies, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1090 Tusculum Ave,R-10, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. EM ewhelan@cdc.gov NR 8 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 2 PU BMJ PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 1351-0711 EI 1470-7926 J9 OCCUP ENVIRON MED JI Occup. Environ. Med. PD AUG PY 2016 VL 73 IS 8 BP 499 EP 500 DI 10.1136/oemed-2016-103734 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DS2EQ UT WOS:000380564000002 PM 27312401 ER PT J AU Looker, AC Isfahani, NS Fan, B Shepherd, JA AF Looker, A. C. Isfahani, N. Sarafrazi Fan, B. Shepherd, J. A. TI Trabecular bone scores and lumbar spine bone mineral density of US adults: comparison of relationships with demographic and body size variables SO OSTEOPOROSIS INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article DE Cross-sectional age patterns; Gender differences; Lumbar spine bone mineral density; NHANES; Race/ethnic differences; Trabecular bone score ID MASS INDEX; VERTEBRAL FRACTURE; WAIST CIRCUMFERENCE; RISK-FACTORS; POSTMENOPAUSAL WOMEN; FRAGILITY FRACTURE; ETHNIC-GROUPS; WHITE WOMEN; MEN; OSTEOPOROSIS AB This study examines demographic patterns and body size relationships in trabecular bone score and lumbar spine BMD of US adults from NHANES 2005-2008. Limited data exist on demographic and body size relationships for trabecular bone score (TBS), a new variable derived from bone texture analysis of lumbar spine dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scans. This study compares demographic patterns and correlations with body size (body mass index (BMI), weight, waist circumference, total body fat, trunk fat, trunk lean) between TBS and lumbar spine bone mineral density (LSBMD) for adults age a parts per thousand yen20 years from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2005-2008 with BMI in the optimal range for TBS (15-37 kg/m(2)). LSBMD, TBS, body fat, and lean were obtained by DXA. Weight, height, and waist circumference were measured. BMI was calculated from height and weight. Sex differences in TBS varied by age and race/ethnicity (p (sex X age interaction) and p (sex X race/ethnicity interaction) < 0.001). In most of the nine demographic subgroups examined, TBS did not differ by sex (four subgroups) or was significantly higher in women (three subgroups). TBS differences by race/ethnicity were inconsistent in men; in women, non-Hispanic whites (NHWs) had higher TBS than non-Hispanic blacks (NHBs) or Mexican Americans (MAs) in all age groups. In contrast, LSBMD was either significantly higher in men (five subgroups) or did not differ by sex (four subgroups). Race/ethnic differences in LSBMD were consistent across age and sex (NHB > NHW > MA). All body size variables were negatively related to TBS but positively related to LSBMD. Demographic patterns and body size relationships differed between TBS and LSBMD. C1 [Looker, A. C.; Isfahani, N. Sarafrazi] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Hlth & Nutr Examinat Surveys, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, 3311 Toledo Rd, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. [Fan, B.; Shepherd, J. A.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Radiol & Biomed Imaging, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. RP Looker, AC (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Hlth & Nutr Examinat Surveys, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, 3311 Toledo Rd, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. EM ALooker@cdc.gov NR 45 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER LONDON LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, 6TH FLOOR, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 0937-941X EI 1433-2965 J9 OSTEOPOROSIS INT JI Osteoporosis Int. PD AUG PY 2016 VL 27 IS 8 BP 2467 EP 2475 DI 10.1007/s00198-016-3550-6 PG 9 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA DR7YE UT WOS:000380114800007 PM 26952009 ER PT J AU DeSilva, M Hedberg, K Robinson, B Toevs, K Neblett-Fanfair, R Petrosky, E Hariri, S Schafer, S AF DeSilva, Malini Hedberg, Katrina Robinson, Byron Toevs, Kim Neblett-Fanfair, Robyn Petrosky, Emiko Hariri, Susan Schafer, Sean TI A case-control study evaluating the role of internet meet-up sites and mobile telephone applications in influencing a syphilis outbreak: Multnomah County, Oregon, USA 2014 SO SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS LA English DT Article ID SEXUALLY-TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS; HARM REDUCTION; HIV INCIDENCE; BISEXUAL MEN; LOS-ANGELES; SEX; RISK; PREVENTION; PARTNERS; GAY AB Objectives Early syphilis in Multnomah County, Oregon, USA, increased 16-fold during 2007-2013. Cases predominantly occurred among men who have sex with men ( MSM); 55% were HIV coinfected. We conducted a case-control study to evaluate the association between meeting sex partners online and early syphilis. Methods Cases subjects ( cases) were Multnomah County resident, English speaking, MSM, aged >= 18 years with laboratory-confirmed early syphilis reported 1 January to 31 December 2013. We recruited two MSM controls subjects ( controls) per case, frequency matched by HIV status and age. Participants completed self-administered questionnaires. We performed multivariable logistic regression. Results Seventy per cent ( 40/57) of cases and 42% ( 50/119) of controls met partners online ( p<0.001). Cases more frequently met partners online ( adjusted OR ( aOR)= 3.0; 95% CI 1.2 to 6.7), controlling for presumptive confounders. Cases reported more partners than controls ( medians 5, 2; p<0.001). When including number of partners, aOR decreased to 1.4 ( 95% CI 0.5 to 3.9). Conclusions Early syphilis was associated with meeting partners online. We believe this association may be related to number of sex partners acting as an intermediate variable between use of online resources to meet sex partners and early syphilis. Online meet-up sites might represent areas for public health interventions targeting at-risk individuals. C1 [DeSilva, Malini] CDC, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Div Sci Educ & Profess Dev, Ctr Surveillance Epidemiol & Lab Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Hedberg, Katrina; Schafer, Sean] Oregon Hlth Author, Portland, OR USA. [Robinson, Byron] CDC, Epidemiol Workforce Branch, Div Sci Educ & Profess Dev, Ctr Surveillance Epidemiol & Lab Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Toevs, Kim] Multnomah Cty Hlth Dept, Adolescent Hlth Promot & STD HIV HCV Programs, Portland, OR USA. [Neblett-Fanfair, Robyn; Petrosky, Emiko; Hariri, Susan] CDC, Epidemiol & Surveillance Branch, Div STD Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP DeSilva, M (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM xdh8@cdc.gov OI Petrosky, Emiko/0000-0001-5194-0121 NR 29 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU BMJ PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 1368-4973 EI 1472-3263 J9 SEX TRANSM INFECT JI Sex. Transm. Infect. PD AUG PY 2016 VL 92 IS 5 SI SI BP 353 EP U118 DI 10.1136/sextrans-2015-052509 PG 6 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA DS5DX UT WOS:000380802200011 PM 27188272 ER PT J AU Taylor, AL Denniston, MM Klevens, RM McKnight-Eily, LR Jiles, RB AF Taylor, Amber L. Denniston, Maxine M. Klevens, R. Monina McKnight-Eily, Lela R. Jiles, Ruth B. TI Association of Hepatitis C Virus With Alcohol Use Among US Adults: NHANES 2003-2010 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; HEPATOCELLULAR-CARCINOMA; DISEASE BURDEN; CONSUMPTION; MORTALITY; INFECTION; PREVALENCE; OUTCOMES; LIVER; CARE AB Introduction: Excessive alcohol use exacerbates morbidity and mortality among hepatitis C virus (HCV)-infected people. The purpose of this study was to describe self-reported patterns of alcohol use and examine the association with HCV infection and other sociodemographic and health-related factors. Methods: Data from 20,042 participants in the 2003-2010 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were analyzed in 2014. Estimates were derived for self-reported demographic characteristics, HCV-RNA (indicative of current HCV infection) status, and alcohol use at four levels: lifetime abstainers, former drinkers, non-excessive current drinkers, and excessive current drinkers. Results: Former drinkers and excessive current drinkers had a higher prevalence of HCV infection (2.2% and 1.5%, respectively) than never or non-excessive current drinkers (0.4% and 0.9%, respectively). HCV-infected adults were estimated to ever drink five or more drinks/day almost every day at some time during their lifetime about 3.3 times more often (43.8% vs 13.7%, p<0.001) than those who were never infected with HCV. Controlling for age, sex, race/ethnicity, education, and having a usual source of health care, HCV infection was significantly associated with excessive current drinking (adjusted prevalence ratio, 1.3; 95% CI=1.1, 1.6) and former drinking (adjusted prevalence ratio, 1.3; 95% CI=1.1, 1.6). Conclusions: Chronic HCV infection is associated with both former and excessive current drinking. Public health HCV strategies should implement interventions with emphasis on alcohol abuse, which negatively impacts disease progression for HCV-infected individuals. Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of American Journal of Preventive Medicine C1 [Taylor, Amber L.; Denniston, Maxine M.; Klevens, R. Monina; Jiles, Ruth B.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Hepatitis, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS G-37, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [McKnight-Eily, Lela R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Populat Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Taylor, AL (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Hepatitis, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS G-37, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM altaylor1@cdc.gov NR 33 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 7 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0749-3797 EI 1873-2607 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD AUG PY 2016 VL 51 IS 2 BP 206 EP 215 DI 10.1016/j.amepre.2016.02.033 PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA DS0AB UT WOS:000380256400010 PM 27178884 ER PT J AU Owusu-Edusei, K Hoover, KW Gift, TL AF Owusu-Edusei, Kwame, Jr. Hoover, Karen W. Gift, Thomas L. TI Cost-Effectiveness of Opt-Out Chlamydia Testing for High-Risk Young Women in the US SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID PELVIC-INFLAMMATORY-DISEASE; UNITED-STATES; VAGINAL SWABS; NEISSERIA-GONORRHOEAE; TRACHOMATIS INFECTION; SCREENING-PROGRAMS; PRIMARY-CARE; RECOMMENDATIONS; ADOLESCENTS; MODEL AB Introduction: In spite of chlamydia screening recommendations, U.S. testing coverage continues to be low. This study explored the cost-effectiveness of a patient-directed, universal, opportunistic Opt-Out Testing strategy (based on insurance coverage, healthcare utilization, and test acceptance probabilities) for all women aged 15-24 years compared with current Risk-Based Screening (30% coverage) from a societal perspective. Methods: Based on insurance coverage (80%); healthcare utilization (83%); and test acceptance (75%), the proposed Opt-Out Testing strategy would have an expected annual testing coverage of approximately 50% for sexually active women aged 15-24 years. A basic compartmental heterosexual transmission model was developed to account for population-level transmission dynamics. Two groups were assumed based on self-reported sexual activity. All model parameters were obtained from the literature. Costs and benefits were tracked over a 50-year period. The relative sensitivity of the estimated incremental cost-effectiveness ratios to the variables/parameters was determined. This study was conducted in 2014-2015. Results: Based on the model, the Opt-Out Testing strategy decreased the overall chlamydia prevalence by 455% (2.7% to 1.2%). The Opt-Out Testing strategy was cost saving compared with the current Risk-Based Screening strategy. The estimated incremental cost-effectiveness ratio was most sensitive to the female pre-opt out prevalence, followed by the probability of female sequelae and discount rate. Conclusions: The proposed Opt-Out Testing strategy was cost saving, improving health outcomes at a lower net cost than current testing. However, testing gaps would remain because many women might not have health insurance coverage, or not utilize health care. Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of American Journal of Preventive Medicine C1 [Owusu-Edusei, Kwame, Jr.; Hoover, Karen W.; Gift, Thomas L.] CDC, Div STD Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS E-80, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Owusu-Edusei, K (reprint author), CDC, Div STD Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS E-80, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM kowusuedusei@cdc.gov NR 52 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0749-3797 EI 1873-2607 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD AUG PY 2016 VL 51 IS 2 BP 216 EP 224 DI 10.1016/j.amepre.2016.01.007 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA DS0AB UT WOS:000380256400011 PM 26952078 ER PT J AU Rudolph, K Martin, I Demczuk, W Kakulphimp, J Bruden, D Zulz, T Bruce, M AF Rudolph, Karen Martin, Irene Demczuk, Walter Kakulphimp, Jocelyne Bruden, Dana Zulz, Tammy Bruce, Michael TI International circumpolar surveillance interlaboratory quality control program for emm typing of Streptococcus pyogenes, 2011-2015 SO DIAGNOSTIC MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASE LA English DT Article DE Quality control; emm typing; Streptococcus pyogenes AB In 2011, an interlaboratory quality control (QC) program for emm typing group A streptococci (GAS) was incorporated into existing international circumpolar surveillance QC programs. From 2011 - 2015, 35 GAS isolates were distributed to three laboratories; emm type-level concordance was 100%, while the overall sub-type level concordance was 83%. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Rudolph, Karen; Bruden, Dana; Zulz, Tammy; Bruce, Michael] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Arctic Invest Program, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA. [Martin, Irene; Demczuk, Walter] Publ Hlth Agcy Canada, Natl Microbiol Lab, Winnipeg, MB, Canada. [Kakulphimp, Jocelyne] Prov Lab Publ Hlth, Edmonton, AB, Canada. RP Rudolph, K (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Arctic Invest Program, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA. EM krudolph@cdc.gov OI Demczuk, Walter/0000-0003-3723-9843 NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0732-8893 EI 1879-0070 J9 DIAGN MICR INFEC DIS JI Diagn. Microbiol. Infect. Dis. PD AUG PY 2016 VL 85 IS 4 BP 398 EP 400 DI 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2016.05.005 PG 3 WC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA DR8YO UT WOS:000380184500002 PM 27238635 ER PT J AU Hampton, LM Bigogo, G Jagero, G Carvalho, MD Pimenta, F Junghae, M Breiman, RF Whitney, CG Feikin, DR Conklin, LM AF Hampton, Lee M. Bigogo, Godfrey Jagero, Geofrey Carvalho, Maria da Gloria Pimenta, Fabiana Junghae, Muthoni Breiman, Robert F. Whitney, Cynthia G. Feikin, Daniel R. Conklin, Laura M. TI Evaluation of urine pneumococcal antigen test performance among adults in Western Kenya SO DIAGNOSTIC MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASE LA English DT Article DE Streptococcus pneumoniae; Pneumococcus; Nasopharyngeal colonization; HIV; Kenya; Africa; Urine pneumococcal antigen test ID COMMUNITY-ACQUIRED PNEUMONIA; STREPTOCOCCUS-PNEUMONIAE; CONJUGATE VACCINE; DIAGNOSIS; CARRIAGE; CHILDREN; BINAX; COLONIZATION; PREVALENCE; MORTALITY AB When used in an area of rural western Kenya, the BinaxNOW (R) urine antigen test had a sensitivity of 67% (95% Confidence Interval [CI]: 43-85%) among 21 adults >= 15 years old with acute respiratory illnesses and pneumococcal bacteremia and a specificity of 98% (95% CI: 96-99%) among 660 adults a >= 15 years old without fever or cough. The specificity of the test was not significantly affected by pneumococcal colonization, regardless of patients' HIV status, age, or sex. Use of the pneumococcal urine antigen test in clinical assessments of adults in Africa with acute respiratory illness is a viable option regardless of whether a patient is colonized by pneumococci, even among HIV -infected adults, although the moderate sensitivity of the urine antigen test indicates that the test is probably best used clinically as part of a panel with other tests that can detect pneumococci. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Hampton, Lee M.; Carvalho, Maria da Gloria; Pimenta, Fabiana; Whitney, Cynthia G.; Conklin, Laura M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Bacterial Dis, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Hampton, Lee M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Bigogo, Godfrey; Jagero, Geofrey; Junghae, Muthoni; Breiman, Robert F.; Feikin, Daniel R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Kenya Med Res Inst, Kisumu, Kenya. [Breiman, Robert F.] Emory Global Hlth Inst, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Hampton, LM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Bacterial Dis, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA.; Hampton, LM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM lhampton@cdc.gov FU U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX We gratefully acknowledge support from the clinic staff at Saint Elizabeth's Hospital, George Aol, Allan Audi, Barrack Aura, Beatrice Olack, and the Asembo community participants, village chiefs and elders. We also thank Inverness Medical (now the Alere Corporation) for providing discounted urine antigen tests. Financial support was received from the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 24 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0732-8893 EI 1879-0070 J9 DIAGN MICR INFEC DIS JI Diagn. Microbiol. Infect. Dis. PD AUG PY 2016 VL 85 IS 4 BP 405 EP 408 DI 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2016.04.027 PG 4 WC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA DR8YO UT WOS:000380184500004 PM 27220607 ER PT J AU Oliver, S Sahi, SK Tantalo, LC Godornes, C Fanfair, RN Markowitz, LE Lukehart, SA Marra, CM AF Oliver, Sara Sahi, Sharon K. Tantalo, Lauren C. Godornes, Charmie Fanfair, Robyn Neblett Markowitz, Lauri E. Lukehart, Sheila A. Marra, Christina M. TI Molecular Typing of Treponema pallidum in Ocular Syphilis SO SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES LA English DT Editorial Material ID SECONDARY SYPHILIS; NEUROSYPHILIS AB Background: Syphilis can have many clinical manifestations, including eye involvement, or "ocular syphilis." In 2015, an increase in reported cases of ocular syphilis and potential case clusters raised concern for an oculotropic strain of Treponema pallidum, the infectious agent of syphilis. Molecular typing was used to examine strains found in cases of ocular syphilis in the United States. Methods: In 2015, after a clinical advisory issued by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, pretreatment clinical specimens from US patients with ocular syphilis were sent to a research laboratory for molecular analysis of T. pallidum DNA. Molecular typing was conducted on these specimens, and results were compared with samples collected from Seattle patients diagnosed with syphilis, but without ocular symptoms. Results: Samples were typed from 18 patients with ocular syphilis and from 45 patients with syphilis, but without ocular symptoms. Clinical data were available for 14 ocular syphilis patients: most were men, human immunodeficiency virus-infected, and had early syphilis. At least 5 distinct strain types of Treponema pallidum were identified in these patients, and 9 types were identified in the Seattle nonocular patients. 14d/g was the most common type in both groups. An unusual strain type was detected in a small cluster of ocular syphilis patients in Seattle. Conclusions: Ocular syphilis is a serious sequela of syphilis. In this preliminary study, clear evidence of a predominant oculotropic strain causing ocular syphilis was not detected. Identification of cases and prompt treatment is critical in the management of ocular syphilis. C1 [Oliver, Sara; Fanfair, Robyn Neblett; Markowitz, Lauri E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Sahi, Sharon K.; Tantalo, Lauren C.; Marra, Christina M.] Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Neurol, Seattle, WA USA. [Godornes, Charmie; Lukehart, Sheila A.] Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Med Infect Dis, Seattle, WA USA. RP Oliver, S (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM yxo4@cdc.gov FU NINDS NIH HHS [R01 NS082120] NR 18 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 0148-5717 EI 1537-4521 J9 SEX TRANSM DIS JI Sex. Transm. Dis. PD AUG PY 2016 VL 43 IS 8 BP 524 EP 527 DI 10.1097/OLQ.0000000000000478 PG 4 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA DR9OR UT WOS:000380226500014 PM 27419819 ER PT J AU Borland, EM Ledermann, JP Powers, AM AF Borland, Erin M. Ledermann, Jeremy P. Powers, Ann M. TI Culex Tarsalis Mosquitoes as Vectors of Highlands J Virus SO VECTOR-BORNE AND ZOONOTIC DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Alphaviruses; Culex; Mosquito(es); Transmission; Vector ID WESTERN EQUINE ENCEPHALOMYELITIS; YELLOW-FEVER VIRUS; ENCEPHALITIS-VIRUS; AEDES-AEGYPTI; FLORIDA; ALPHAVIRUSES; TRANSMISSION; INFECTION; TURKEYS; COMPLEX AB Highlands J virus (HJV) is an alphavirus closely related to western equine encephalitis virus (WEEV) and eastern equine encephalitis virus (EEEV). HJV is an avian pathogen with the potential for disruption of poultry operations, but is not known to cause human or equine disease. HJV has only been identified in the eastern United States and is thought to have a transmission cycle similar to that of EEEV involving Culiseta melanura mosquitoes and birds. However, HJV is more genetically similar to WEEV and it remains unclear if it may be transmitted by Culex species mosquitoes like WEEV. Seven strains of HJV were characterized to assess this potential. Phylogenetic analysis of whole genome sequences revealed four distinct HJV lineages (lineages 1-4), and vector competence studies in Cx. tarsalis with four of the HJV strains from different lineages yielded two distinct infection patterns. Lineage 1 strains had low infection rates, while lineages 2 and 4 had significantly higher infection rates similar to those previously published for WEEV. The average mosquito body viral titer was highest at 8 dpi (6.60-7.26 log(10) pfu equivalents/body), and head titers at all time points ranged between 6.01 and 6.80 log(10) pfu equivalents/head. Nearly 45% of mosquitoes infected with strain AB-80-9 were able to transmit virus in saliva with an average titer of 5.02 log(10) pfu equivalents/saliva. A single amino acid difference between high and low infectivity phenotypes was identified at genome position 8605, in the E2 gene. A nonpolar glycine was present in the low infectivity lineage 1 strains, while an acidic glutamic acid was present in the higher infectivity lineage 2 and 4 strains. This study demonstrates HJV transmission by Cx. tarsalis mosquitoes and clearly identifies the potential for transmission in the western United States. Two infection phenotypes were exhibited, indicating the need for further studies to understand Culex species transmission patterns. C1 [Borland, Erin M.; Ledermann, Jeremy P.; Powers, Ann M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Dis, 3156 Rampart Rd, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Borland, Erin M.; Powers, Ann M.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Microbiol Immunol & Pathol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. RP Powers, AM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Dis, 3156 Rampart Rd, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM apowers@cdc.gov NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 7 U2 7 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT, INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1530-3667 EI 1557-7759 J9 VECTOR-BORNE ZOONOT JI Vector-Borne Zoonotic Dis. PD AUG PY 2016 VL 16 IS 8 BP 558 EP 565 DI 10.1089/vbz.2015.1907 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA DR7VR UT WOS:000380108300010 PM 27248005 ER PT J AU Johnston, LG Hakim, AJ Dittrich, S Burnett, J Kim, E White, RG AF Johnston, Lisa G. Hakim, Avi J. Dittrich, Samantha Burnett, Janet Kim, Evelyn White, Richard G. TI A Systematic Review of Published Respondent-Driven Sampling Surveys Collecting Behavioral and Biologic Data SO AIDS AND BEHAVIOR LA English DT Review DE HIV/AIDS; Key populations; Respondent driven sampling; RDS; Biological and behavioral surveillance ID INJECTION-DRUG USERS; FEMALE SEX WORKERS; HEPATITIS-C VIRUS; SEXUALLY-TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS; NEW-YORK-CITY; HIGH HIV PREVALENCE; UNPROTECTED ANAL INTERCOURSE; RISK HETEROSEXUAL MEN; US BORDER CITIES; SYPHILIS PREVALENCE AB Reporting key details of respondent-driven sampling (RDS) survey implementation and analysis is essential for assessing the quality of RDS surveys. RDS is both a recruitment and analytic method and, as such, it is important to adequately describe both aspects in publications. We extracted data from peer-reviewed literature published through September, 2013 that reported collected biological specimens using RDS. We identified 151 eligible peer-reviewed articles describing 222 surveys conducted in seven regions throughout the world. Most published surveys reported basic implementation information such as survey city, country, year, population sampled, interview method, and final sample size. However, many surveys did not report essential methodological and analytical information for assessing RDS survey quality, including number of recruitment sites, seeds at start and end, maximum number of waves, and whether data were adjusted for network size. Understanding the quality of data collection and analysis in RDS is useful for effectively planning public health service delivery and funding priorities. C1 [Johnston, Lisa G.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Global Hlth Sci, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Johnston, Lisa G.] Tulane Univ, Sch Publ Hlth & Trop Med, New Orleans, LA 70118 USA. [Hakim, Avi J.; Dittrich, Samantha; Burnett, Janet; Kim, Evelyn] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global HIV AIDS, Atlanta, GA USA. [White, Richard G.] London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, CMMID, London, England. [White, Richard G.] London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, Fac Epidemiol & Populat Hlth, London, England. RP Johnston, LG (reprint author), Univ Calif San Francisco, Global Hlth Sci, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA.; Johnston, LG (reprint author), Tulane Univ, Sch Publ Hlth & Trop Med, New Orleans, LA 70118 USA. EM lsjohnston.global@gmail.com RI White, Richard/D-5407-2009 OI White, Richard/0000-0003-4410-6635 FU President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) through the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC); European Union [MR/J005088/1, G0802414]; Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation (TB Modelling and Analysis Consortium) [OPP1084276]; Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation (SA Modelling for Policy) [OPP1110334]; UNITAID [4214-LSHTM-Sept15, 8477-0-600] FX This Project has been supported in part by the President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) through the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). RGW is funded the UK Medical Research Council (MRC) and the UK Department for International Development (DFID) under the MRC/DFID Concordat agreement that is also part of the EDCTP2 programme supported by the European Union (MR/J005088/1, G0802414), the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation (TB Modelling and Analysis Consortium: OPP1084276, and SA Modelling for Policy: #OPP1110334) and UNITAID (4214-LSHTM-Sept15; PO #8477-0-600). NR 158 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 11 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1090-7165 EI 1573-3254 J9 AIDS BEHAV JI AIDS Behav. PD AUG PY 2016 VL 20 IS 8 BP 1754 EP 1776 DI 10.1007/s10461-016-1346-5 PG 23 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Social Sciences, Biomedical SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Biomedical Social Sciences GA DR2OD UT WOS:000379742900018 PM 26992395 ER PT J AU Marsh, SM Reichard, AA Bhandari, R Tonozzi, TR AF Marsh, Suzanne M. Reichard, Audrey A. Bhandari, Ruchi Tonozzi, Theresa R. TI Using emergency department surveillance data to assess occupational injury and illness reporting by workers SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE survey methodology; occupational injuries; occupational illnesses; surveillance; telephone interviews ID BLS SURVEY; WORKPLACE INJURIES; CLAIMS AB ObjectiveResearchers from the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) share detailed methodologies from conducting two follow-back studies initiated in 2010 that were designed to assess whether workers reported their injuries and illnesses to their employers and to identify worker incentives and disincentives for reporting work-related injuries to employers. MethodologyStudy respondents were sampled from the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System occupational supplement (NEISS-Work), an emergency department-based surveillance system. Telephone interviews were used to collect information directly from workers. OutcomesAmong persons treated in emergency departments who could be identified as working at the time of injury or illness, most reported their injury or illness to their employer. Our studies did not assess if these reported injuries and illnesses were recorded on the Occupational Safety and Health logs. DiscussionOur approach suggests that emergency department-based surveillance data are limited in their utility to investigate underreporting among workers. Am. J. Ind. Med. 59:600-609, 2016. (c) 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 [Marsh, Suzanne M.; Reichard, Audrey A.; Bhandari, Ruchi; Tonozzi, Theresa R.] NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Safety Res, Surveillance & Field Invest Branch, 1095 Willowdale Rd,MS 1808, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. RP Marsh, SM (reprint author), NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Safety Res, Surveillance & Field Invest Branch, 1095 Willowdale Rd,MS 1808, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. EM smm2@cdc.gov FU U.S. Government FX All authors are federal government employees and preparation of this manuscript was completely funded by the U.S. Government. NR 40 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 6 U2 6 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0271-3586 EI 1097-0274 J9 AM J IND MED JI Am. J. Ind. Med. PD AUG PY 2016 VL 59 IS 8 BP 600 EP 609 DI 10.1002/ajim.22615 PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DR5LL UT WOS:000379944400002 PM 27400439 ER PT J AU Bhandari, R Marsh, SM Reichard, AA Tonozzi, TR AF Bhandari, Ruchi Marsh, Suzanne M. Reichard, Audrey A. Tonozzi, Theresa R. TI Characterizing emergency department patients who reported work-related injuries and illnesses SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE employee reporting; employment characteristics; follow-back study; non-fatal occupational injury and illness reporting; telephone interviews ID UNITED-STATES; OCCUPATIONAL INJURIES; BLS SURVEY; FOLLOW-BACK; SURVEILLANCE; EXPOSURES; INDUSTRY AB BackgroundPer a Congressional directive and funding, this study describes worker and workplace characteristics of emergency department (ED) patients who reported their injury/illness to their employer. The study also responds to Congress's request to enumerate injured/ill self-employed workers and workers with chronic conditions. MethodsWe conducted a follow-back study on injured/ill workers, including self-employed, identified from a national ED surveillance system from June 2012 through December 2013. ResultsAn estimated 3,357,000 (95%CI: 2,516,000-4,199,000) workers treated in EDs reported their injury/illness to their employer or were self-employed. Of those, 202,000 (95%CI: 133,000-272,000) had a chronic condition. Of all reporters, excluding self-employed, 77% indicated they received instructions as to whom to report. ConclusionThe study did not identify underreporting issues and revealed that medical records data may not be appropriate for assessing underreporting. Additional research is needed to examine workplace characteristics that encourage injury and illness reporting. Am. J. Ind. Med. 59:610-620, 2016. (c) 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 [Bhandari, Ruchi; Marsh, Suzanne M.; Reichard, Audrey A.; Tonozzi, Theresa R.] NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Safety Res, Surveillance & Field Invest Branch, 1095 Willowdale Rd,MS 1808, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. RP Marsh, SM (reprint author), NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Safety Res, Surveillance & Field Invest Branch, 1095 Willowdale Rd,MS 1808, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. EM smm2@cdc.gov FU U.S. Government FX All authors are federal government employees and preparation of this manuscript was completely funded by the U.S. Government. NR 35 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0271-3586 EI 1097-0274 J9 AM J IND MED JI Am. J. Ind. Med. PD AUG PY 2016 VL 59 IS 8 BP 610 EP 620 DI 10.1002/ajim.22607 PG 11 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DR5LL UT WOS:000379944400003 PM 27400440 ER PT J AU Tonozzi, TR Marsh, SM Reichard, AA Bhandari, R AF Tonozzi, Theresa R. Marsh, Suzanne M. Reichard, Audrey A. Bhandari, Ruchi TI Reported work-related injuries and illnesses among Hispanic workers: Results from an emergency department surveillance system follow-back survey SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE Hispanic workers; work-related injury; foreign-born workers; injury and illness reporting ID NONFATAL OCCUPATIONAL INJURIES; US GOVERNMENTS UNDERCOUNT; BLS SURVEY; CONSTRUCTION WORKERS; HEALTH; DISPARITIES; STATE AB BackgroundResearch suggests Hispanic workers underreport injuries/illnesses to their employer. MethodsThe National Electronic Injury Surveillance Systemoccupational supplement was used to conduct a follow-back study of workers treated in emergency departments (EDs) from June 2012 through December 2013. ResultsAn estimated 448,000 (95%CI 230,000-665,000) Hispanic workers treated in EDs for a work-related injury or illness were represented by 362 completed interviews. Of these, an estimated 443,000 (95%CI 228,000-657,000) workers reported the injury or illness to their employer or were self-employed. The majority had not heard of workers' compensation. Only 10% expected workers' compensation to cover their medical payment while 62% expected payment to be covered by their employer. ConclusionWe characterized our respondent workforce who reported their injury or illness. We determined that NEISS-Work data are not the most appropriate source to capture underreporting of work-related injuries and illnesses to employers among Hispanic workers. Am. J. Ind. Med. 59:621-629, 2016. (c) 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 [Tonozzi, Theresa R.; Marsh, Suzanne M.; Reichard, Audrey A.; Bhandari, Ruchi] NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Safety Res, Surveillance & Field Invest Branch, 1095 Willowdale Rd,MS 1808, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. RP Marsh, SM (reprint author), NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Safety Res, Surveillance & Field Invest Branch, 1095 Willowdale Rd,MS 1808, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. EM smm2@cdc.gov FU U.S. Government FX All authors are federal government employees and preparation of this manuscript was completely funded by the U.S. Government. We recognize Larry Jackson, a former NIOSH employee, for his efforts in conceptualizing, developing, and providing oversight for this project. We thank Dominique Heinke and Claire Dye, former NIOSH fellows, for their efforts in survey development and in obtaining necessary clearances. We thank Herman Burney, Mary Cowhig, Jean Mah, Tom Schroeder, and other members of the CPSC Division of Hazard and Injury Data Systems for their management of routine NEISS-Work and the related follow-back studies, as well as the coders at each NEISS-Work hospital for their diligent medical record abstraction and the telephone interviewers for their collection of the follow-back study data. We thank Emily Geisen, Georgina McAvinchey, Kristina Peterson, and Rosanna Quiroz of RTI International for their pre-interview evaluation, testing of the follow-back questionnaires, translation of the Congressional questionnaire into Spanish, and conducting the Spanish interviews. Thank you to our NIOSH colleagues Ana Barbero, for her help with the back translation of Spanish questionnaire, and Rosa Rodriguez, for her help with coordinating study respondents. We thank Susan Derk, T. M. Jackson, and Michele Jones for their efforts in collecting, coding, editing, and analyzing NEISS-Work data and the follow-back study data. Finally, we thank Pam Broene, Ying Chen, David Marker, Klaus Teuter, and Sabrina Zhang of Westat for their work to re-weight the follow-back data. Opinions expressed here do not reflect the opinions of any of these organizations. NR 45 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0271-3586 EI 1097-0274 J9 AM J IND MED JI Am. J. Ind. Med. PD AUG PY 2016 VL 59 IS 8 BP 621 EP 629 DI 10.1002/ajim.22606 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DR5LL UT WOS:000379944400004 PM 27400441 ER PT J AU Pinkerton, LE Yiin, JH Daniels, RD Fent, KW AF Pinkerton, Lynne E. Yiin, James H. Daniels, Robert D. Fent, Kenneth W. TI Mortality among workers exposed to toluene diisocyanate in the US polyurethane foam industry: Update and exposure-response analyses SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE toluene diisocyanate; mortality; cancer; cohort studies; exposure-response ID MANUFACTURING-INDUSTRY; CANCER MORBIDITY; DERMAL EXPOSURE; TDI; EXCRETION; COHORT; RATS AB BackgroundMortality among 4,545 toluene diisocyante (TDI)-exposed workers was updated through 2011. The primary outcome of interest was lung cancer. MethodsLife table analyses, including internal analyses by exposure duration and cumulative TDI exposure, were conducted. ResultsCompared with the US population, all cause and all cancer mortality was increased. Lung cancer mortality was increased but was not associated with exposure duration or cumulative TDI exposure. In post hoc analyses, lung cancer mortality was associated with employment duration in finishing jobs, but not in finishing jobs involving cutting polyurethane foam. ConclusionsDermal exposure, in contrast to inhalational exposure, to TDI is expected to be greater in finishing jobs and may play a role in the observed increase in lung cancer mortality. Limitations include the lack of smoking data, uncertainty in the exposure estimates, and exposure estimates that reflected inhalational exposure only. Am. J. Ind. Med. 59:630-643, 2016. Published 2016. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA C1 [Pinkerton, Lynne E.; Yiin, James H.; Daniels, Robert D.; Fent, Kenneth W.] NIOSH, Ind Studies Branch, Div Surveillance Hazard Evaluat & Field Studies, 1090 Tusculum Ave,R-15, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. RP Pinkerton, LE (reprint author), NIOSH, Ind Studies Branch, Div Surveillance Hazard Evaluat & Field Studies, 1090 Tusculum Ave,R-15, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. EM lep5@cdc.gov FU National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health FX The study was funded by the intramural research program of the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. NR 25 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0271-3586 EI 1097-0274 J9 AM J IND MED JI Am. J. Ind. Med. PD AUG PY 2016 VL 59 IS 8 BP 630 EP 643 DI 10.1002/ajim.22622 PG 14 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DR5LL UT WOS:000379944400005 PM 27346061 ER PT J AU Vasquez, AM Sapiano, MRP Basavaraju, SV Kuehnert, MJ Rivera-Garcia, B AF Vasquez, Amber M. Sapiano, Mathew R. P. Basavaraju, Sridhar V. Kuehnert, Matthew J. Rivera-Garcia, Brenda TI Survey of Blood Collection Centers and Implementation of Guidance for Prevention of Transfusion-Transmitted Zika Virus Infection Puerto Rico, 2016 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TRANSPLANTATION LA English DT Editorial Material ID TRANSMISSION; OUTBREAK AB This report details current guidance for managing blood donation in Puerto Rico, where Zika has been identified and there is the potential for transmission from asymptomatic blood donors. C1 [Vasquez, Amber M.] CDC, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Vasquez, Amber M.; Sapiano, Mathew R. P.; Basavaraju, Sridhar V.; Kuehnert, Matthew J.] CDC, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Rivera-Garcia, Brenda] Puerto Rico Dept Hlth, San Juan, PR USA. RP Vasquez, AM (reprint author), CDC, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM avasquez@cdc.gov NR 9 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 50 U2 67 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1600-6135 EI 1600-6143 J9 AM J TRANSPLANT JI Am. J. Transplant. PD AUG PY 2016 VL 16 IS 8 BP 2487 EP 2490 DI 10.1111/ajt.13941 PG 4 WC Surgery; Transplantation SC Surgery; Transplantation GA DR6QR UT WOS:000380026900033 PM 27441778 ER PT J AU Teo, CG Yesupriya, A Chang, MH Zhang, L AF Teo, Chong-Gee Yesupriya, Ajay Chang, Man-Huei Zhang, Lyna TI Apolipoprotein E epsilon 3 and epsilon 4 Are Associated With a Lower Exposure to Hepatitis E Virus in American Non-Hispanic Blacks REPLY SO HEPATOLOGY LA English DT Letter C1 [Teo, Chong-Gee] Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Div Viral Hepatitis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Yesupriya, Ajay] Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Res Data Ctr, Atlanta, GA USA. [Chang, Man-Huei] Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA USA. [Zhang, Lyna] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Lab Syst, Ctr Surveillance Epidemiol & Lab Serv, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Teo, CG (reprint author), Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Div Viral Hepatitis, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0270-9139 EI 1527-3350 J9 HEPATOLOGY JI Hepatology PD AUG PY 2016 VL 64 IS 2 BP 688 EP 688 DI 10.1002/hep.28358 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA DR6TP UT WOS:000380034500044 PM 27442761 ER PT J AU Simonetti, J Bulkow, L McMahon, BJ Homan, C Snowball, M Negus, S Williams, J Livingston, SE AF Simonetti, Jospehine Bulkow, Lisa McMahon, Brian J. Homan, Chriss Snowball, Mary Negus, Susan Williams, James Livingston, Stephen E. TI Incidence of Hepatocellular Carcinoma After Seroclearance Is Not Reduced Reply SO HEPATOLOGY LA English DT Letter C1 [Simonetti, Jospehine; McMahon, Brian J.; Homan, Chriss; Snowball, Mary; Negus, Susan; Williams, James; Livingston, Stephen E.] Alaska Native Med Ctr, CDC Arct Invest Program, Anchorage, AK USA. [Bulkow, Lisa; McMahon, Brian J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Arct Invest Program, Natl Ctr Preparedness Detect & Control Infect Dis, Anchorage, AK USA. RP Simonetti, J (reprint author), Alaska Native Med Ctr, CDC Arct Invest Program, Anchorage, AK USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0270-9139 EI 1527-3350 J9 HEPATOLOGY JI Hepatology PD AUG PY 2016 VL 64 IS 2 BP 690 EP 691 DI 10.1002/hep.28501 PG 2 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA DR6TP UT WOS:000380034500047 PM 26890566 ER PT J AU Stoecker, C Kim, L Gierke, R Pilishvili, T AF Stoecker, Charles Kim, Lindsay Gierke, Ryan Pilishvili, Tamara TI Incremental Cost-Effectiveness of 13-valent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine for Adults Age 50 Years and Older in the United States SO JOURNAL OF GENERAL INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE vaccinations; cost-effectiveness; pneumococcal disease ID IMMUNIZATION PRACTICES ACIP; POLYSACCHARIDE VACCINE; IMMUNOCOMPROMISING CONDITIONS; ADVISORY-COMMITTEE; PNEUMONIA; RECOMMENDATIONS; IMMUNOGENICITY; SAFETY; IMPACT AB Recently released results from a randomized controlled trial have shown that 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) is efficacious against vaccine-type nonbacteremic pneumonia in adults. We examined the incremental cost-effectiveness of adding PCV13 to the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) adult immunization schedule. We used a probabilistic model following cohorts of 50-, 60-, or 65-year-olds. We used separate vaccination coverage and disease incidence data for healthy and high-risk adults. Incremental cost-effectiveness ratios were determined for each potential vaccination strategy. In the base case scenario, our model indicated that adding PCV13 at age 65 or replacing 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPSV23) at age 65 with PCV13 provided more value for money than adding PCV13 at ages 50 or 60. After projections of six additional years of herd protection from the childhood immunization program were incorporated, we found adding PCV13 dominated replacing PPSV23. For a cohort of 65-year-olds in 2013, the cost of adding PCV13 at age 65 to the schedule was $62,065 per quality-adjusted life year (QALY) gained, which rose to $272,621 after 6 years of projected herd protection. The addition of one dose of PCV13 for adults appears to have a cost-effectiveness ratio comparable to other vaccination interventions in the short run, though anticipated herd protection from the childhood immunization program may dramatically increase the cost per QALY after only a few years. C1 [Stoecker, Charles] Tulane Univ, Sch Publ Hlth & Trop Med, Dept Global Hlth Management & Policy, 1440 Canal St 8346, New Orleans, LA 70112 USA. [Kim, Lindsay; Gierke, Ryan; Pilishvili, Tamara] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Stoecker, C (reprint author), Tulane Univ, Sch Publ Hlth & Trop Med, Dept Global Hlth Management & Policy, 1440 Canal St 8346, New Orleans, LA 70112 USA. EM cfstoecker@tulane.edu FU Intergovernmental Personnel Agreement with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) FX Dr. Stoecker's work on this project was funded by an Intergovernmental Personnel Agreement with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Dr. Pilishvili, Mr. Gierke, and Dr. Kim completed the work as part of their usual duties at the CDC. NR 32 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 4 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0884-8734 EI 1525-1497 J9 J GEN INTERN MED JI J. Gen. Intern. Med. PD AUG PY 2016 VL 31 IS 8 BP 901 EP 908 DI 10.1007/s11606-016-3651-0 PG 8 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Medicine, General & Internal SC Health Care Sciences & Services; General & Internal Medicine GA DR4KY UT WOS:000379871600017 PM 26976292 ER PT J AU Anzman-Frasca, S Economos, CD Tovar, A Boulos, R Sliwa, S Gute, DM Pirie, A Must, A AF Anzman-Frasca, Stephanie Economos, Christina D. Tovar, Alison Boulos, Rebecca Sliwa, Sarah Gute, David M. Pirie, Alex Must, Aviva TI Depressive Symptoms and Weight Status Among Women Recently Immigrating to the US SO MATERNAL AND CHILD HEALTH JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Depressive symptoms; Obesity; Immigrants; Women ID PERCEIVED STRESS; BODY-IMAGE; HEALTH; BRAZIL; DISSATISFACTION; POPULATION; PREVALENCE; FAMILIES; OBESITY; SAMPLE AB Objectives Depressive symptoms have been associated with obesity. Little is known about this relationship among immigrants. We examined relationships between depressive symptoms and weight status in immigrant women from three ethnic groups. Methods Participants were Brazilian, Haitian, and Latina women (n = 345) enrolled in Live Well, a community-based, randomized intervention designed to prevent weight gain in recent immigrants. Study data are from baseline when participants completed the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D), Perceived Stress Scale, a physical activity questionnaire, and socio-demographic questions; BMI was calculated from measured height and weight. Results Forty-four percent of participants (36 % of Brazilians, 66 % of Haitians, 30 % of Latinas) had high depressive symptoms (CES-D a parts per thousand yen 16), and 38 % (26 % of Brazilians, 49 % of Haitians, 42 % of Latinas) were obese (BMI a parts per thousand yen 30.0). Those reporting more depressive symptoms were more likely to be obese (Wald Chi square = 4.82, p < .05). An interaction between depressive symptoms, ethnic group, and income was revealed (F(4,340) = 2.91, p < .05), such that higher depressive symptoms were associated with higher BMI among Brazilians earning a parts per thousand yen$30,000 per year and with lower BMI among Brazilians earning <$30,000. The relationship between depressive symptoms and obesity did not differ by income among Haitians or Latinas. Conclusions Depressive symptoms and obesity were highly prevalent among these recently-immigrated women. Positive relationships between these variables were consistent across ethnic and income groups, with the exception of lower-income Brazilians. While these findings suggest similar patterns and health needs across several groups of immigrants, cultural differences should be considered when addressing these health conditions. C1 [Anzman-Frasca, Stephanie] Univ Buffalo, Jacobs Sch Med & Biomed Sci, Dept Pediat, Buffalo, NY USA. [Economos, Christina D.] Tufts Univ, Friedman Sch Nutr Sci & Policy, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Tovar, Alison] Univ Rhode Isl, Dept Nutr & Food Sci, Kingston, RI 02881 USA. [Boulos, Rebecca] Univ New England, Sch Community & Populat Hlth, Portland, ME USA. [Sliwa, Sarah] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Populat Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. [Gute, David M.] Tufts Univ, Sch Engn, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Medford, MA 02155 USA. [Pirie, Alex] Immigrant Serv Providers Grp Hlth, Somerville, MA USA. [Must, Aviva] Tufts Univ, Sch Med, Dept Publ Hlth & Community Med, 136 Harrison Ave, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Must, A (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Sch Med, Dept Publ Hlth & Community Med, 136 Harrison Ave, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM aviva.must@tufts.edu FU National Institutes of Health [R01HD057841, P30DK46200] FX The authors would like to thank the members of the Live Well Steering Committee (Nesly Metayer, Franklin Dalembert, Raymond R. Hyatt, Christina Luongo-Kamins, Warren Goldstein-Gelb, Maria Landaverde, Melissa McWhinney, Joyce Guilhermino de Padua, Helen Sinzker, Heloisa Galvao, Emily Kuross Vikre, Kerline Tofuri, and Ismael Vasquez) and the Live Well participants for participating in this study. The authors are also grateful for Peter Bakun's assistance with data management. Funding for this research was provided by Grant R01HD057841 and P30DK46200 from the National Institutes of Health. NR 34 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1092-7875 EI 1573-6628 J9 MATERN CHILD HLTH J JI Matern. Child Health J. PD AUG PY 2016 VL 20 IS 8 BP 1578 EP 1585 DI 10.1007/s10995-016-1957-5 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DQ6WY UT WOS:000379347900003 PM 27010552 ER PT J AU John, KA Cogswell, ME Zhao, LX Maalouf, J Gunn, JP Merritt, RK AF John, Katherine A. Cogswell, Mary E. Zhao, Lixia Maalouf, Joyce Gunn, Janelle P. Merritt, Robert K. TI US consumer attitudes toward sodium in baby and toddler foods SO APPETITE LA English DT Article DE Sodium; Baby/toddler foods; Knowledge; Attitudes; Behaviors; Nutrition ID BLOOD-PRESSURE; DIETARY-SODIUM; UNITED-STATES; METAANALYSIS; CHILDREN; INFANTS; ADULTS; CONSUMPTION; CHILDHOOD; MORTALITY AB Dietary data from a nationally representative survey indicate about 80% of US toddlers aged 1-3 years consume too much dietary sodium, which can influence their preference for salty foods in later life. Information on consumer attitudes can inform strategies to reduce sodium in baby and toddler foods. Data were obtained from a 2012 online survey sent to a sample of 11636 US adults aged >= 18 years enrolled in a national probability-based consumer panel; 6378 completed the survey and had non missing responses to the question of interest, "It is important for baby and toddler foods to be low in sodium." Prevalence of agreement was estimated. Logistic regression was used to describe associations of respondent characteristics with agreement. The majority of respondents were non-Hispanic white and had a household income >=$60,000. About 7 in 10 (68%, 95% CI: 66%-70%) respondents agreed it is important for baby or toddler foods to be low in sodium. More than 6 of 10 respondents in most subgroups agreed. Among parents with a child currently aged <2 years (N = 390), 82% agreed (95% CI: 77% 87%); the highest agreement included parents who thought sodium was very harmful to their own health (92%, 95% CI: 85%-99%) or who were watching/reducing their own sodium intake (95%, 95% CI: 90%-100%). After adjusting for sex, age, race-ethnicity, agreement was most strongly associated with being a parent of a child <2 years, thinking sodium was harmful, and watching/reducing sodium intake (adjusted odds ratios >= 2.5, 95% CI's not equal 1.0). The majority of respondents including most parents agreed it is important for baby and toddler foods to be low in sodium, suggesting wide consumer support for strategies to lower sodium in these foods. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [John, Katherine A.; Cogswell, Mary E.; Zhao, Lixia; Maalouf, Joyce; Gunn, Janelle P.; Merritt, Robert K.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Div Heart Dis & Stroke Prevent, Epidemiol & Surveillance Branch, 4770 Buford Hwy,NE MS F-77, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Zhao, Lixia; Maalouf, Joyce] IHRC Inc, Atlanta, GA 30346 USA. RP John, KA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, 4770 Buford Hwy,NE MS F-77, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM yfr6@cdc.gov; mec0@cdc.gov; yn13@cdc.gov; vhj6@cdc.gov; bfy2@cdc.gov; rem2@cdc.gov OI John, Katherine/0000-0002-6816-4867 FU Division for Heart Disease and Stroke Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) FX M.E.C., J.M., and J.P.G. designed the research; Porter Novelli conducted the survey and provided the data; K.A.J. and L.Z. analyzed the data; K.A.J. wrote the paper; R.M., M.E.C., L.Z., J.P.G, and J.M. edited and provided feedback; K.A.J. and M.E.C. have primary responsibility for final content. All authors have read and approved the final manuscript. Questions utilized from Porter Novelli were funded in part by the Division for Heart Disease and Stroke Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). This work was supported by an appointment to the Research Participation Program at the CDC administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education through an agreement between the US Department of Energy and CDC. Author disclosures: ME Cogswell, MA John, L Zhao, J Maalouf, JP Gunn, and R Merritt, no conflicts of interest. NR 26 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 6 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0195-6663 EI 1095-8304 J9 APPETITE JI Appetite PD AUG 1 PY 2016 VL 103 BP 171 EP 175 DI 10.1016/j.appet.2016.04.009 PG 5 WC Behavioral Sciences; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Behavioral Sciences; Nutrition & Dietetics GA DP7GF UT WOS:000378666500021 PM 27079188 ER PT J AU Moore, LV Pinard, CA Yaroch, AL AF Moore, Latetia V. Pinard, Courtney A. Yaroch, Amy L. TI Features in Grocery Stores that Motivate Shoppers to Buy Healthier Foods, ConsumerStyles 2014 SO JOURNAL OF COMMUNITY HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Healthful foods; Marketing; Grocery stores; Motivation ID STRATEGIES; ACCESS; US AB We examined nine features in grocery stores shoppers reported motivated them to purchase more healthful foods in the past month. Features were compiled from common supermarket practices for each of the 4 Ps of marketing: pricing, placement, promotion, and product. We examined percentages of the features overall and by shopping frequency using Chi square tests from a 2014 cross sectional web-based health attitudes and behaviors survey, ConsumerStyles. The survey was fielded from June to July in 2014. Participants were part of a market research consumer panel that were randomly recruited by probability-based sampling using address-based sampling methods to achieve a sample representative of the U.S. population. Data from 4242 adults ages 18 and older were analyzed. About 44 % of respondents indicated at least one feature motivated them to purchase more healthful foods. Top choices included in-store coupons or specials (20.1 %), availability of convenient, ready-to-eat more healthful foods (18.8 %), product labels or advertising on packages (15.2 %), and labels or signs on shelves that highlighted more healthful options (14.6 %). Frequent shoppers reported being motivated to purchase more healthful foods by in-store tastings/recipe demonstrations and coupons/specials more often than infrequent shoppers. Enhancing the visibility and appeal of more healthful food items in grocery stores may help improve dietary choices in some populations but additional research is needed to identify the most effective strategies for interventions. C1 [Moore, Latetia V.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Nutr Phys Act & Obes, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, 4770 Buford Hwy NE MS F-77, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Pinard, Courtney A.; Yaroch, Amy L.] Gretchen Swanson Ctr Nutr, Omaha, NE USA. RP Moore, LV (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Nutr Phys Act & Obes, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, 4770 Buford Hwy NE MS F-77, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM lvmoore@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 23 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 14 U2 17 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0094-5145 EI 1573-3610 J9 J COMMUN HEALTH JI J. Community Health PD AUG PY 2016 VL 41 IS 4 BP 812 EP 817 DI 10.1007/s10900-016-0158-x PG 6 WC Health Policy & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DQ4HC UT WOS:000379163700016 PM 26831484 ER PT J AU Nahmias, Z Townsend, JS Neri, A Stewart, SL AF Nahmias, Zachary Townsend, Julie S. Neri, Antonio Stewart, Sherri L. TI Worksite Cancer Prevention Activities in the National Comprehensive Cancer Control Program SO JOURNAL OF COMMUNITY HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Workplace; Neoplasms; Primary prevention; Early detection of cancer; Health promotion ID RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; WORKPLACE HEALTH-PROMOTION; SCREENING-TEST USE; UNITED-STATES; PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; TOBACCO USE; COLORECTAL CANCERS; CONTROL PLANS; INTERVENTIONS; SMOKING AB Workplaces are one setting for cancer control planners to reach adults at risk for cancer and other chronic diseases. However, the extent to which Centers for Disease Control and Prevention-funded National Comprehensive Cancer Control Programs (NCCCP) implement interventions in the workplace setting is not well characterized. We conducted a qualitative content analysis of program action plans submitted by NCCCP grantees from 2013 to 2015 to identify and describe cancer prevention objectives and interventions in the workplace setting. Nearly half of NCCCP action reports contained at least one cancer prevention objective or intervention in the workplace setting. Common interventions included education about secondhand smoke exposure in the workplace, and the importance of obtaining colorectal cancer screening. Workplace interventions were relatively common among NCCCP action plans, and serve as one way to address low percentages of CRC screening, and reduce risk for obesity- and tobacco-related cancers. C1 [Nahmias, Zachary] Washington Univ, Sch Med, Div Dermatol, 660 S Euclid Ave, St Louis, MO 63110 USA. [Townsend, Julie S.; Neri, Antonio; Stewart, Sherri L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, 4770 Buford Hwy NE,MS F76, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Townsend, JS (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, 4770 Buford Hwy NE,MS F76, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM jtownsend@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 49 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 4 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0094-5145 EI 1573-3610 J9 J COMMUN HEALTH JI J. Community Health PD AUG PY 2016 VL 41 IS 4 BP 838 EP 844 DI 10.1007/s10900-016-0161-2 PG 7 WC Health Policy & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DQ4HC UT WOS:000379163700019 PM 26874944 ER PT J AU Massetti, GM Holland, KM Gorman-Smith, D AF Massetti, Greta M. Holland, Kristin M. Gorman-Smith, Deborah TI Implementation Measurement for Evidence-Based Violence Prevention Programs in Communities SO JOURNAL OF COMMUNITY HEALTH LA English DT Review DE Violence prevention; Implementation; Fidelity; Community-based prevention ID POSITIVE BEHAVIORAL INTERVENTIONS; RANDOMIZED-TRIAL; FOLLOW-UP; CHARACTER DEVELOPMENT; SUBSTANCE USE; OUTCOMES; SCHOOLS; AGGRESSION; SUPPORTS; PARENTS AB Increasing attention to the evaluation, dissemination, and implementation of evidence-based programs (EBPs) has led to significant advancements in the science of community-based violence prevention. One of the prevailing challenges in moving from science to community involves implementing EBPs and strategies with quality. The CDC-funded National Centers of Excellence in Youth Violence Prevention (YVPCs) partner with communities to implement a comprehensive community-based strategy to prevent violence and to evaluate that strategy for impact on community-wide rates of violence. As part of their implementation approach, YVPCs document implementation of and fidelity to the components of the comprehensive youth violence prevention strategy. We describe the strategies and methods used by the six YVPCs to assess implementation and to use implementation data to inform program improvement efforts. The information presented describes the approach and measurement strategies employed by each center and for each program implemented in the partner communities. YVPCs employ both established and innovative strategies for measurement and tracking of implementation across a broad range of programs, practices, and strategies. The work of the YVPCs highlights the need to use data to understand the relationship between implementation of EBPs and youth violence outcomes. C1 [Massetti, Greta M.; Holland, Kristin M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 4770 Buford Hwy NE, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Gorman-Smith, Deborah] Univ Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. RP Massetti, GM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 4770 Buford Hwy NE, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM gmassetti@cdc.gov OI Massetti, Greta/0000-0002-3813-9839 FU National Centers of Excellence in Youth Violence Prevention Program - Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [CE10-004] FX The activities described were supported by the National Centers of Excellence in Youth Violence Prevention Program funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention under Funding Opportunity Announcement CE10-004, Cooperative Agreement Program for the National Academic Centers of Excellence in Youth Violence Prevention. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 30 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 8 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0094-5145 EI 1573-3610 J9 J COMMUN HEALTH JI J. Community Health PD AUG PY 2016 VL 41 IS 4 BP 881 EP 894 DI 10.1007/s10900-016-0156-z PG 14 WC Health Policy & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DQ4HC UT WOS:000379163700025 PM 26860276 ER PT J AU Chow, NA Griffin, DW Barker, BM Loparev, VN Litvintseva, AP AF Chow, Nancy A. Griffin, Dale W. Barker, Bridget M. Loparev, Vladimir N. Litvintseva, Anastasia P. TI Molecular detection of airborne Coccidioides in Tucson, Arizona SO MEDICAL MYCOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Coccidioides; Valley fever; atmospheric sampling; air/dust samples; molecular detection ID FUNGAL-INFECTIONS; IMMITIS; SOIL; CALIFORNIA; OUTBREAK; DUST; USA; MICROORGANISMS; IDENTIFICATION; SURVEILLANCE AB Environmental surveillance of the soil-dwelling fungus Coccidioides is essential for the prevention of Valley fever, a disease primarily caused by inhalation of the arthroconidia. Methods for collecting and detecting Coccidioides in soil samples are currently in use by several laboratories; however, a method utilizing current air sampling technologies has not been formally demonstrated for the capture of airborne arthroconidia. In this study, we collected air/dust samples at two sites (Site A and Site B) in the endemic region of Tucson, Arizona, and tested a variety of air samplers and membrane matrices. We then employed a single-tube nested qPCR assay for molecular detection. At both sites, numerous soil samples (n = 10 at Site A and n = 24 at Site B) were collected and Coccidioides was detected in two samples (20%) at Site A and in eight samples (33%) at Site B. Of the 25 air/dust samples collected at both sites using five different air sampling methods, we detected Coccidioides in three samples from site B. All three samples were collected using a high-volume sampler with glass-fiber filters. In this report, we describe these methods and propose the use of these air sampling and molecular detection strategies for environmental surveillance of Coccidioides. C1 [Chow, Nancy A.; Litvintseva, Anastasia P.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Mycot Dis Branch, 1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Griffin, Dale W.] US Geol Survey, Coastal & Marine Sci Ctr, St Petersburg, FL USA. [Barker, Bridget M.] Translat Genom Res Inst, Div Pathogen Genom, Flagstaff, AZ USA. [Barker, Bridget M.] No Arizona Univ, Ctr Microbial Genet & Genom, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA. [Barker, Bridget M.] Univ Arizona, Valley Fever Ctr Excellence, Tucson, AZ USA. [Loparev, Vladimir N.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Biotechnol Core Facil Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Chow, NA; Litvintseva, AP (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Mycot Dis Branch, 1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM yln3@cdc.gov; frq8@cdc.gov FU CDC FX All funding came from internal CDC funding. NR 43 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 8 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1369-3786 EI 1460-2709 J9 MED MYCOL JI Med. Mycol. PD AUG PY 2016 VL 54 IS 6 BP 584 EP 592 DI 10.1093/mmy/myw022 PG 9 WC Infectious Diseases; Mycology; Veterinary Sciences SC Infectious Diseases; Mycology; Veterinary Sciences GA DQ5HM UT WOS:000379235900004 PM 27143633 ER PT J AU Stein, CR Ge, YC Wolff, MS Ye, XY Calafat, AM Kraus, T Moran, TM AF Stein, Cheryl R. Ge, Yongchao Wolff, Mary S. Ye, Xiaoyun Calafat, Antonia M. Kraus, Thomas Moran, Thomas M. TI Perfluoroalkyl substance serum concentrations and immune response to FluMist vaccination among healthy adults SO ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Fluorocarbons; Influenza vaccines; Epidemiology; Seroconversion; Adult ID ATTENUATED INFLUENZA VACCINE; PERFLUORINATED COMPOUNDS; PRENATAL EXPOSURE; INFECTIOUS-DISEASES; CYTOKINE RESPONSES; SEASONAL INFLUENZA; VIRUS-INFECTION; EARLY-CHILDHOOD; A-VIRUS; LIVE AB Perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) were shown to be immunotoxic in laboratory animals. There is some epidemiological evidence that PFAS exposure is inversely associated with vaccine-induced antibody concentration. We examined immune response to vaccination with FluMist intranasal live attenuated influenza vaccine in relation to four PFAS (perfluorooctanoate, perfluorononanoate, perfluorooctane sulfonate, perfluorohexane sulfonate) serum concentrations among 78 healthy adults vaccinated during the 2010-2011 influenza season. We measured anti-A H1N1 antibody response and cytokine and chemokine concentrations in serum pre-vaccination, 3 days post-vaccination, and 30 days post-vaccination. We measured cytokine, chemokine, and mucosal IgA concentration in nasal secretions 3 days post vaccination and 30 days post-vaccination. Adults with higher PFAS concentrations were more likely to seroconvert after FluMist vaccination as compared to adults with lower PFAS concentrations. The associations, however, were imprecise and few participants seroconverted as measured either by hemagglutination inhibition (9%) or immunohistochemical staining (25%). We observed no readily discernable or consistent pattern between PFAS concentration and baseline cytokine, chemokine, or mucosal IgA concentration, or between PFAS concentration and change in these immune markers between baseline and FluMist-response states. The results of this study do not support a reduced immune response to FluMist vaccination among healthy adults in relation to serum PFAS concentration. Given the study's many limitations, however, it does not rule out impaired vaccine response to other vaccines or vaccine components in either children or adults. (c) 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Stein, Cheryl R.; Wolff, Mary S.] Icahn Sch Med Mt Sinai, Dept Prevent Med, One Gustave L Levy Pl,Box 1057, New York, NY 10029 USA. [Ge, Yongchao] Icahn Sch Med Mt Sinai, Dept Neurol, One Gustave L Levy Pl,Box 1137, New York, NY 10029 USA. [Ye, Xiaoyun; Calafat, Antonia M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sci Lab, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Kraus, Thomas; Moran, Thomas M.] Icahn Sch Med Mt Sinai, Dept Microbiol, One Gustave L Levy Pl,Box 1124, New York, NY 10029 USA. [Stein, Cheryl R.] New York City Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, World Trade Ctr Hlth Registry, 42-09 28th St, Long Isl City, NY 11101 USA. RP Stein, CR (reprint author), Icahn Sch Med Mt Sinai, Dept Prevent Med, One Gustave L Levy Pl,Box 1057, New York, NY 10029 USA.; Stein, CR (reprint author), New York City Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, World Trade Ctr Hlth Registry, 42-09 28th St, Long Isl City, NY 11101 USA. EM cheryl.stein@mssm.edu; yongchao.ge@mssm.edu; mary.wolff@mssm.edu; xay5@cdc.gov; aic7@cdc.gov; thomas.kraus@mssm.edu; thomas.moran@mssm.edu FU National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences [K01 ES019156, P30ES023515]; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease [U19 AI062623]; National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS), a component of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) [UL1TR000067] FX This project was supported by the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (K01 ES019156, P30ES023515) and the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease (U19 AI062623).; This publication was made possible by Grant Number #UL1TR000067 from the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS), a component of the National Institutes of Health (NIH). Its contents are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of NCATS or NIH. NR 32 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 12 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0013-9351 EI 1096-0953 J9 ENVIRON RES JI Environ. Res. PD AUG PY 2016 VL 149 BP 171 EP 178 DI 10.1016/j.envres.2016.05.020 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DP3AY UT WOS:000378366000019 PM 27208468 ER PT J AU Mortensen, ME Birch, R Wong, LY Valentin-Blasini, L Boyle, EB Caldwell, KL Merrill, LS Moye, J Blount, BC AF Mortensen, Mary E. Birch, Rebecca Wong, Lee Yang Valentin-Blasini, Liza Boyle, Elizabeth B. Caldwell, Kathleen L. Merrill, Lori S. Moye, John, Jr. Blount, Benjamin C. TI Thyroid antagonists and thyroid indicators in US pregnant women in the Vanguard Study of the National Children's Study SO ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE National Children's Study; Perchlorate; Biomonitoring; NHANES; Pregnancy ID NUTRITION EXAMINATION SURVEY; TANDEM MASS-SPECTROMETRY; SODIUM-IODIDE SYMPORTER; UNITED-STATES; DRINKING-WATER; THIOCYANATE EXPOSURE; HORMONE LEVELS; PERCHLORATE EXPOSURE; URINARY PERCHLORATE; DIETARY-INTAKE AB The sodium iodide-symporter (NIS) mediates uptake of iodide into thyroid follicular cells. This key step in thyroid hormone synthesis is inhibited by perchlorate, thiocyanate (SCN) and nitrate (NO3) anions. When these exposures occur during pregnancy the resulting decreases in thyroid hormones may adversely affect neurodevelopment of the human fetus. Our objectives were to describe and examine the relationship of these anions to the serum thyroid indicators, thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) and free thyroxine (FT4), in third trimester women from the initial Vanguard Study of the National Children's Study (NCS); and to compare urine perchlorate results with those in pregnant women from the National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey (NHANES). Urinary perchlorate, SCN, NO3, and iodine, serum TSH, FT4, and cotinine were measured and a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) was administered to pregnant women enrolled in the initial Vanguard Study. We used multiple regression models of FT4 and TSH that included perchlorate equivalent concentration (PEC, which estimates combined inhibitory effects of the anions perchlorate, SCN, and NO3 on the NIS). We used multiple regression to model predictors of each urinary anion, using FFQ results, drinking water source, season of year, smoking status, and demographic characteristics. Descriptive statistics were calculated for pregnant women in NHANES 2001-2012. The geometric mean (GM) for urinary perchlorate was 4.04 mu g/L, for TSH 1.46 mIU/L, and the arithmetic mean for FT4 1.11 ng/dL in 359 NCS women. In 330 women with completed FFQs, consumption of leafy greens, winter season, and Hispanic ethnicity were significant predictors of higher urinary perchlorate, which differed significantly by study site and primary drinking water source, and bottled water was associated with higher urinary perchlorate compared to filtered tap water. Leafy greens consumption was associated with higher urinary NO3 and higher urinary SCN. There was no association between urinary perchlorate or PEC and TSH or FT4, even for women with urinary iodine < 100 mu g/L. GM urinary perchlorate concentrations in the full sample (n=494) of third trimester NCS women (4.03 mu g/L) were similar to pregnant women in NHANES (3.58 mu g/L). Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Mortensen, Mary E.; Wong, Lee Yang; Valentin-Blasini, Liza; Caldwell, Kathleen L.; Blount, Benjamin C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sci Lab, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Birch, Rebecca; Boyle, Elizabeth B.; Merrill, Lori S.] Westat Corp, Rockville, MD USA. [Moye, John, Jr.] Eunice Kennedy Shriver Natl Inst Child Hlth & Hum, NCS Program Off, NIH, Bethesda, MD USA. RP Mortensen, ME (reprint author), Div Sci Lab, MS F-20,4770 Buford Highway, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM MMortensen@cdc.gov FU Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development; Office of the Director of the National Institutes of Health [HHSN275200503414C, HHSN275200503411C, HHSN275200603416C, HHSN275200503415C, HHSN275200503413C, HHSN275200503410C, HHSN275200503396C]; National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX This analysis was conducted as part of the National Children's Study, supported by the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, and funded, through its appropriation, by the Office of the Director of the National Institutes of Health under Contract nos. HHSN275200503414C, HHSN275200503411C, HHSN275200603416C, HHSN275200503415C, HHSN275200503413C, HHSN275200503410C, and HHSN275200503396C. Funding for the biospecimen analyses was provided by the National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The manuscript was developed by a Writing Team identified by the National Children's Study Publications Committee for the purpose of timely sharing of centrally collected NCS data. We acknowledge the contributions of the following Vanguard Centers and Principal Investigators: Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Jennifer Culhane; Mt. Sinai Medical School, Phil Landrigan; South Dakota State University, Bonny Specker; University of California at Irvine, James Swanson and Dean Baker; University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Barbara Entwisle and Nancy Dole; University of Utah School of Medicine, Ed Clark; University of Wisconsin, Maureen Durkin. Dr. Michael Varner provided invaluable editorial review and insightful suggestions that sharpened our focus on thyroid measurement methods and issues. We are grateful to the NHANES staff for the quality and completeness of their efforts conducting this complex survey and specimen collection. We appreciate the dedication and diligence of the NCEH laboratory staff that performed the pilot study measurements. NR 57 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 12 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0013-9351 EI 1096-0953 J9 ENVIRON RES JI Environ. Res. PD AUG PY 2016 VL 149 BP 179 EP 188 DI 10.1016/j.envres.2016.05.017 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DP3AY UT WOS:000378366000020 PM 27208469 ER PT J AU Romano, ME Xu, YY Calafat, AM Yolton, K Chen, AM Webster, GM Eliot, MN Howard, CR Lanphear, BP Braun, JM AF Romano, Megan E. Xu, Yingying Calafat, Antonia M. Yolton, Kimberly Chen, Aimin Webster, Glenys M. Eliot, Melissa N. Howard, Cynthia R. Lanphear, Bruce P. Braun, Joseph M. TI Maternal serum perfluoroalkyl substances during pregnancy and duration of breastfeeding SO ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Perfluoroalkyl substances; Perfluorooctanoic acid; Perfluorooctane sulfonic acid; Breastfeeding ID MAMMARY-GLAND DEVELOPMENT; PERFLUOROOCTANOIC ACID; NATIONAL-HEALTH; PFOA EXPOSURE; C57BL/6 MICE; MILK; DIFFERENTIATION; EXPRESSION; CHEMICALS; RECEPTOR AB Background: Perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) may affect breast development and decrease duration of breastfeeding, thus interfering with the health benefits of breastfeeding. We investigated the association between maternal PFAS exposure and breastfeeding duration. Methods: We measured PFAS concentrations in maternal serum collected during pregnancy in 2003-2006. After delivery, women (n=336) completed standardized breastfeeding surveys every 3 months until ending breastfeeding or 36 months postpartum. We estimated relative risks (RRs) for ending any breastfeeding within 3-6 months postpartum by Poisson regression, adjusted for relevant confounding factors. Results: Women in the 4th quartile of perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) serum concentration had 1.77 times the risk of ending any breastfeeding by 3 months (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.23, 2.54; p-trend=0.003) and 1.41 times the risk of ending any breastfeeding by 6 months (95%CI: 1.06, 1.87; p-trend=0.038), compared with women in the first quartile. Women in the 4th quartile of perfluorooctane sulfonic acid serum concentration had a marginally increased risk of discontinuing any breastfeeding by 3 months (RR=1.32; 95%CI: 0.97, 1.79; p-trend=0.065). Conclusions: Maternal serum PFOA concentrations were inversely related to duration of any breastfeeding in this cohort, even after controlling for prior breastfeeding. These findings suggest that PFOA exposure may adversely affect breastfeeding duration and highlight the need to consider the potential adverse effects of maternal environmental chemical exposure on breastfeeding. (C) 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Romano, Megan E.; Eliot, Melissa N.; Braun, Joseph M.] Brown Univ, Dept Epidemiol, Providence, RI USA. [Xu, Yingying; Yolton, Kimberly] Cincinnati Childrens Hosp Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Div Gen & Community Pediat, Cincinnati, OH 45229 USA. [Calafat, Antonia M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Div Sci Lab, Atlanta, GA USA. [Chen, Aimin] Univ Cincinnati, Coll Med, Dept Environm Hlth, Div Epidemiol & Biostat, Cincinnati, OH 45267 USA. [Webster, Glenys M.; Lanphear, Bruce P.] Simon Fraser Univ, BC Childrens & Womens Hosp, Child & Family Res Inst, Vancouver, BC, Canada. [Webster, Glenys M.; Lanphear, Bruce P.] Simon Fraser Univ, Fac Hlth Sci, Vancouver, BC, Canada. [Howard, Cynthia R.] Univ Rochester, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, New York, NY USA. RP Romano, ME (reprint author), Brown Univ, Dept Epidemiol, Providence, RI USA. EM megan_romano@brown.edu RI Braun, Joseph/H-8649-2014 FU National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) [R00 ES020346, R01 ES024381, PO1 ES11261, R01 ES014575, R01 ES020349, R01 ES025214] FX This work was supported by National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) Grants R00 ES020346, R01 ES024381, PO1 ES11261, R01 ES014575, R01 ES020349, and R01 ES025214. We acknowledge K. Kato, C. Dunbar, T. Jia, J. T. Bernert for technical assistance. NR 35 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 15 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0013-9351 EI 1096-0953 J9 ENVIRON RES JI Environ. Res. PD AUG PY 2016 VL 149 BP 239 EP 246 DI 10.1016/j.envres.2016.04.034 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DP3AY UT WOS:000378366000027 PM 27179585 ER PT J AU Hagaman, AK Sivilli, TI Ao, T Blanton, C Ellis, H Cardozo, BL Shetty, S AF Hagaman, Ashley K. Sivilli, Teresa I. Ao, Trong Blanton, Curtis Ellis, Heidi Cardozo, Barbara Lopes Shetty, Sharmila TI An Investigation into Suicides Among Bhutanese Refugees Resettled in the United States Between 2008 and 2011 SO JOURNAL OF IMMIGRANT AND MINORITY HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Suicide; Refugee; Psychological autopsy; Mental health ID POSTTRAUMATIC-STRESS-DISORDER; HOPKINS SYMPTOM CHECKLIST-25; HARVARD TRAUMA QUESTIONNAIRE; INDO-CHINESE REFUGEES; RISK-FACTORS; PSYCHOLOGICAL AUTOPSY; MENTAL-HEALTH; PSYCHIATRIC COMORBIDITY; BEHAVIOR; ASSOCIATION AB An increase of Bhutanese refugee suicides were reported in the US between 2009 and 2012. This investigation examined these reported suicides in depth to gain a better understanding of factors associated with suicide within this population. The study employed 14 psychological autopsies to elicit underlying motivations and circumstances for self-inflicted death and to identify potential future avenues for prevention and intervention among refugee communities. Disappointment with current (un)employment, lack of resettlement services and social support, and frustrations with separation from family were believed to contribute to suicidal acts. Suicide within refugee populations may be connected with experiences of family withdrawal, integration difficulties, and perceived lack of care. It is important to assess the effectiveness of improving refugee services on the mental health of migrants. More research is needed in order to better understand, and respond to, suicide in resettled populations. C1 [Hagaman, Ashley K.] Arizona State Univ, Sch Human Evolut & Social Change, Tempe, AZ 85004 USA. [Sivilli, Teresa I.] Garrison Inst, Garrison, NY USA. [Ao, Trong] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ctr Global Hlth, Div Global Hlth Protect, Global Dis Detect Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Blanton, Curtis; Cardozo, Barbara Lopes] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global Hlth Protect, Emergency Response & Recovery Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Ellis, Heidi] Boston Childrens Hosp, Dept Psychiat, Boston, MA USA. [Ellis, Heidi] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA USA. [Shetty, Sharmila] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global Migrat & Quarantine, Immigrant Refugee & Migrant Hlth Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Hagaman, AK (reprint author), Arizona State Univ, Sch Human Evolut & Social Change, Tempe, AZ 85004 USA. EM hagamana@gmail.com; teri.sivilli@gmail.com; tfa8@cdc.gov; cgb9@cdc.gov; Heidi.ellis@childrens.harvard.edu; bhc8@cdc.gov; acq1@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 55 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 10 U2 12 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1557-1912 EI 1557-1920 J9 J IMMIGR MINOR HEALT JI J. Immigr. Minor. Health PD AUG PY 2016 VL 18 IS 4 BP 819 EP 827 DI 10.1007/s10903-015-0326-6 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DO8ZM UT WOS:000378074100012 PM 26758579 ER PT J AU Ao, T Shetty, S Sivilli, T Blanton, C Ellis, H Geltman, PL Cochran, J Taylor, E Lankau, EW Cardozo, BL AF Trong Ao Shetty, Sharmila Sivilli, Teresa Blanton, Curtis Ellis, Heidi Geltman, Paul L. Cochran, Jennifer Taylor, Eboni Lankau, Emily W. Cardozo, Barbara Lopes TI Suicidal Ideation and Mental Health of Bhutanese Refugees in the United States SO JOURNAL OF IMMIGRANT AND MINORITY HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Bhutanese refugees; Suicide; Mental health; PTSD; Post-migration difficulties ID COMORBIDITY SURVEY REPLICATION; HOPKINS SYMPTOM CHECKLIST-25; HARVARD TRAUMA QUESTIONNAIRE; DSM-IV DISORDERS; PSYCHIATRIC-DISORDERS; PREVALENCE; TORTURE; NEPAL; WORLD AB Refugee agencies noticed a high number of suicides among Bhutanese refugees resettled in the United States between 2009 and 2012. We aimed to estimate prevalence of mental health conditions and identify factors associated with suicidal ideation among Bhutanese refugees. We conducted a stratified random cross-sectional survey and collected information on demographics, mental health conditions, suicidal ideation, and post-migration difficulties. Bivariate logistic regressions were performed to identify factors associated with suicidal ideation. Prevalence of mental health conditions were: depression (21 %), symptoms of anxiety (19 %), post-traumatic stress disorder (4.5 %), and suicidal ideation (3 %), significant risk factors for suicidal ideation included: not being a provider of the family; perceiving low social support; and having symptoms of anxiety and depression. These findings suggest that Bhutanese refugees in the United States may have a higher burden of mental illness relative to the US population and may benefit from mental health screening and treatment. Refugee communities and service providers may benefit from additional suicide awareness training to identify those at highest risk. C1 [Trong Ao; Shetty, Sharmila; Sivilli, Teresa; Blanton, Curtis; Taylor, Eboni; Lankau, Emily W.; Cardozo, Barbara Lopes] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Emergency Response & Recovery Branch, Ctr Global Hlth, 1600 Clifton Rd,Mailstop E-22, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Ellis, Heidi] Boston Childrens Hosp, Boston, MA USA. [Ellis, Heidi; Geltman, Paul L.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA USA. [Geltman, Paul L.; Cochran, Jennifer] Massachusetts Dept Publ Hlth, Boston, MA USA. [Lankau, Emily W.] LandCow Consulting, Athens, GA USA. [Lankau, Emily W.] Univ Georgia, Dept Infect Dis, Athens, GA 30602 USA. RP Cardozo, BL (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Emergency Response & Recovery Branch, Ctr Global Hlth, 1600 Clifton Rd,Mailstop E-22, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM tfa8@cdc.gov; acq1@cdc.gov; teri.sivilli@gmail.com; cgb9@cdc.gov; Heidi.Ellis@childrens.harvard.edu; paul.geltman@state.ma.us; jennifer.cochran@state.ma.us; jyo1@cdc.gov; emily.wheeler@alumni.rice.edu; bhc8@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 26 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 4 U2 9 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1557-1912 EI 1557-1920 J9 J IMMIGR MINOR HEALT JI J. Immigr. Minor. Health PD AUG PY 2016 VL 18 IS 4 BP 828 EP 835 DI 10.1007/s10903-015-0325-7 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DO8ZM UT WOS:000378074100013 PM 26711245 ER PT J AU Keller, BM Cunningham, TR AF Keller, Brenna M. Cunningham, Thomas R. TI Firefighters as distributors of workplace safety and health information to small businesses SO SAFETY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Small business; Dissemination; Intermediary; Occupational safety and health; Diffusion ID SMALL ENTERPRISES; OCCUPATIONAL-HEALTH; INTERVENTIONS; PREVENTION; SIZE AB Background: Small businesses bear a large burden of injury and death, and are difficult to reach with occupational safety and health (OSH) information. The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) developed a pilot study testing the feasibility of fire departments disseminating OSH information to small businesses during fire inspections. Methods: Two sets of postcards were developed with unique, trackable URLs for the NIOSH Small Business Resource Guide. One set was distributed by firefighters, the other was mailed to small businesses. Participating inspectors were met with to discuss their experience. Results: Neither distribution method resulted in a substantial number of site visits. Inspectors believed distributing postcards was an easy addition to their duties, and saw value in safety information. Conclusions: There are barriers beyond awareness of availability that prevent small business owners from seeking OSH information. Research should focus on identifying barriers and developing better OSH information diffusion mechanisms. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Keller, Brenna M.; Cunningham, Thomas R.] NIOSH, Educ & Informat Div, 1090 Tusculum Ave,MS C-10, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. RP Keller, BM (reprint author), NIOSH, Educ & Informat Div, 1090 Tusculum Ave,MS C-10, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. EM bkeller1@cdc.gov; tcunningham@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 25 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 6 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0925-7535 EI 1879-1042 J9 SAFETY SCI JI Saf. Sci. PD AUG PY 2016 VL 87 BP 87 EP 91 DI 10.1016/j.ssci.2016.03.022 PG 5 WC Engineering, Industrial; Operations Research & Management Science SC Engineering; Operations Research & Management Science GA DM9PQ UT WOS:000376698600010 PM 27594768 ER PT J AU Paz-Bailey, G Mendoza, MCB Finlayson, T Wejnert, C Le, B Rose, C Raymond, HF Prejean, J AF Paz-Bailey, Gabriela Mendoza, Maria C. B. Finlayson, Teresa Wejnert, Cyprian Binh Le Rose, Charles Raymond, Henry Fisher Prejean, Joseph CA NHBS Study Grp TI Trends in condom use among MSM in the United States: the role of antiretroviral therapy and seroadaptive strategies SO AIDS LA English DT Article DE antiretrovirals; behaviors; condom use; MSM; preexposure prophylaxis; serosorting; trends; United States ID SEXUAL-BEHAVIOR; HOMOSEXUAL-MEN; HIV RISK; PREVENTION; SURVEILLANCE; ERA; GAY AB Objective: Evaluate changes in condomless anal sex at last sex among men who have sex with men (MSM) and assess if these changes are associated with the adoption of serosorting and biomedical prevention. Design: The National HIV Behavioral Surveillance is a crosssectional survey done in up to 21 cities in 2005, 2008, 2011 and 2014. Methods: MSM were recruited through venue-based sampling. Among men reporting at least one male partner, we evaluated changes in condomless anal sex at last sex with a partner with (1) HIV-concordant (proxy for serosorting) or (2) HIV-discordant (discordant/unknown) status. We hypothesized that if concordant condomless sex was increasing while discordant was stable/declining, the increases could be driven by more men attempting to serosort. We used generalized estimating equations assuming a Poisson distribution and robust variance estimator to explore whether temporal changes in the outcomes varied by selected characteristics. We also assessed changes in condomless anal sex by antiretroviral therapy (ART) use among HIV-positive MSM. Results: Among 5371 HIV-positive MSM, there were increases in concordant (19% in 2005 to 25% in 2014, P < 0.001) and discordant condomless sex (15 to 19%, P < 0.001). The increases were not different by ART use. Among 30 547 HIV-negative MSM, concordant (21 to 27%, P < 0.001) and discordant condomless sex (8 to 13%, P < 0.001) increased. Conclusion: Our data suggest that condom use decreased among MSM and that the trends are not explained by serosorting or ART. Promotion of condoms and increased access to preexposure prophylaxis are vital to ensure that the benefits of ART in reducing transmission of HIV are not undermined. Copyright (C) 2016 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Paz-Bailey, Gabriela; Mendoza, Maria C. B.; Finlayson, Teresa; Wejnert, Cyprian; Binh Le; Rose, Charles; Prejean, Joseph] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS E-46, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Raymond, Henry Fisher] San Francisco Dept Publ Hlth, San Francisco, CA USA. [Raymond, Henry Fisher] Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. RP Paz-Bailey, G (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS E-46, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM gmb5@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX Funding was provided by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 23 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 13 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 0269-9370 EI 1473-5571 J9 AIDS JI Aids PD JUL 31 PY 2016 VL 30 IS 12 BP 1985 EP 1990 DI 10.1097/QAD.0000000000001139 PG 6 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology GA DR6MK UT WOS:000380015800015 PM 27149088 ER PT J AU Shults, RA Williams, AF AF Shults, Ruth A. Williams, Allan F. TI Graduated Driver Licensing Night Driving Restrictions and Drivers Aged 16 or 17 Years Involved in Fatal Night Crashes - United States, 2009-2014 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Article C1 [Shults, Ruth A.] CDC, Div Unintent Injury Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Williams, Allan F.] Allan F Williams, Bethesda, MD USA. RP Shults, RA (reprint author), CDC, Div Unintent Injury Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM rshults@cdc.gov NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD JUL 29 PY 2016 VL 65 IS 29 BP 725 EP 730 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA EA5XT UT WOS:000386699200001 PM 27467461 ER PT J AU Oduyebo, T Igbinosa, I Petersen, EE Polen, KND Pillai, SK Ailes, EC Villanueva, JM Newsome, K Fischer, M Gupta, PM Powers, AM Lampe, M Hills, S Arnold, KE Rose, LE Shapiro-Mendoza, CK Beard, CB Munoz, JL Rao, CY Meaney-Delman, D Jamieson, DJ Honein, MA AF Oduyebo, Titilope Igbinosa, Irogue Petersen, Emily E. Polen, Kara N. D. Pillai, Satish K. Ailes, Elizabeth C. Villanueva, Julie M. Newsome, Kim Fischer, Marc Gupta, Priya M. Powers, Ann M. Lampe, Margaret Hills, Susan Arnold, Kathryn E. Rose, Laura E. Shapiro-Mendoza, Carrie K. Beard, Charles B. Munoz, Jorge L. Rao, Carol Y. Meaney-Delman, Dana Jamieson, Denise J. Honein, Margaret A. TI Update: Interim Guidance for Health Care Providers Caring for Pregnant Women with Possible Zika Virus Exposure - United States, July 2016 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Article ID REPRODUCTIVE AGE; CORD BLOOD; GUIDELINES; INFECTION C1 [Oduyebo, Titilope; Petersen, Emily E.; Shapiro-Mendoza, Carrie K.; Jamieson, Denise J.] CDC, Div Reprod Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Igbinosa, Irogue; Polen, Kara N. D.; Ailes, Elizabeth C.; Newsome, Kim; Arnold, Kathryn E.; Honein, Margaret A.] CDC, Div Congenital & Dev Disorders, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Pillai, Satish K.; Villanueva, Julie M.; Rose, Laura E.] CDC, Div Preparedness & Emerging Infect, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Fischer, Marc; Powers, Ann M.; Hills, Susan; Beard, Charles B.; Munoz, Jorge L.] CDC, Div Vector Borne Dis, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Gupta, Priya M.] CDC, Div Nutr Phys Act & Obes, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Lampe, Margaret] CDC, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Rao, Carol Y.] CDC, Div Global Hlth Protect, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Meaney-Delman, Dana] CDC, Off Director, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Oduyebo, T (reprint author), CDC, Div Reprod Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM ZikaMCH@cdc.gov NR 21 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 1 U2 1 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD JUL 29 PY 2016 VL 65 IS 29 BP 739 EP 744 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA EA5XT UT WOS:000386699200004 PM 27467820 ER PT J AU Brooks, JT Friedman, A Kachur, RE LaFlam, M Peters, PJ Jamieson, DJ AF Brooks, John T. Friedman, Allison Kachur, Rachel E. LaFlam, Michael Peters, Philip J. Jamieson, Denise J. TI Update: Interim Guidance for Prevention of Sexual Transmission of Zika Virus - United States, July 2016 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Article ID SEMEN C1 [Brooks, John T.; LaFlam, Michael] CDC, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Friedman, Allison; Kachur, Rachel E.; Peters, Philip J.] CDC, Div STD Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Jamieson, Denise J.] CDC, Div Reprod Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Brooks, JT (reprint author), CDC, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM zud4@cdc.gov NR 12 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 4 U2 4 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD JUL 29 PY 2016 VL 65 IS 29 BP 745 EP 747 PG 3 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA EA5XT UT WOS:000386699200005 PM 27466758 ER PT J AU Anwar, M Law, R Schier, J AF Anwar, Mehruba Law, Royal Schier, Josh TI Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa) Exposures Reported to Poison Centers - United States, 2010-2015 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Article ID ABUSE; DRUG C1 [Anwar, Mehruba; Law, Royal; Schier, Josh] CDC, Div Environm Hazards & Hlth Effects, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Law, R (reprint author), CDC, Div Environm Hazards & Hlth Effects, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM rlaw@cdc.gov NR 7 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD JUL 29 PY 2016 VL 65 IS 29 BP 748 EP 749 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA EA5XT UT WOS:000386699200006 PM 27466822 ER PT J AU Curtis, KM Tepper, NK Jatlaoui, TC Berry-Bibee, E Horton, LG Zapata, LB Simmons, KB Pagano, HP Jamieson, DJ Whiteman, MK AF Curtis, Kathryn M. Tepper, Naomi K. Jatlaoui, Tara C. Berry-Bibee, Erin Horton, Leah G. Zapata, Lauren B. Simmons, Katharine B. Pagano, H. Pamela Jamieson, Denise J. Whiteman, Maura K. TI US Medical Eligibility Criteria for Contraceptive Use, 2016 SO MMWR RECOMMENDATIONS AND REPORTS LA English DT Article ID BONE-MINERAL DENSITY; DEPOT-MEDROXYPROGESTERONE ACETATE; SYSTEMIC-LUPUS-ERYTHEMATOSUS; COMBINED ORAL-CONTRACEPTIVES; RANDOMIZED-CONTROLLED-TRIAL; FACTOR-V-LEIDEN; HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; LEVONORGESTREL INTRAUTERINE SYSTEM; HORMONE REPLACEMENT THERAPY; ACUTE MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION AB The 2016 U.S. Medical Eligibility Criteria for Contraceptive Use (US. MEC) comprises recommendations for the use of specific contraceptive methods by women and men who have certain characteristics or medical conditions. These recommendations for health care providers were updated by CDC after review of the scientific evidence and consultation with national experts who met in Atlanta, Georgia, duringAugust 26-28, 2015. The information in this report updates the 2010 U.S. MEC (CDC. U.S. medical eligibility criteria for contraceptive use, 2010. MMWR 2010:59 [No. RR-4]). Notable updates include the addition of recommendations for women with cystic fibrosis, women with multiple sclerosis, and women receiving certain psychotropic drugs or St. John's wort; revisions to the recommendations for emergency contraception, including the addition of ulipristal acetate; and revisions to the recommendations for postpartum women; women who are breaseeding; women with known dyslipidemias, migraine headaches, superficial venous disease, gestational trophoblastic disease, sexually transmitted diseases, and human immunodeficiency virus; and women who are receiving antiretroviral therapy. The recommendations in this report are intended to assist health care providers when they counsel women, men, and couples about contraceptive method choice. Although these recommendations are meant to serve as a source of clinical guidance, health care providers should always consider the individual clinical circumstances of each person seeking family planning services. This report is not intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice for individual patients. Persons should seek advice from their health care providers when considering family planning options. C1 [Curtis, Kathryn M.; Tepper, Naomi K.; Jatlaoui, Tara C.; Berry-Bibee, Erin; Horton, Leah G.; Zapata, Lauren B.; Simmons, Katharine B.; Pagano, H. Pamela; Jamieson, Denise J.; Whiteman, Maura K.] CDC, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Div Reprod Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Berry-Bibee, Erin; Simmons, Katharine B.] Univ N Carolina, Sch Med, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Chapel Hill, NC USA. RP Curtis, KM (reprint author), CDC, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Div Reprod Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM kmc6@cdc.gov FU Bayer; Medicines360; Contramed; Merck; Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development; Society of Family Planning; National Institutes of Health; Gates Foundation; World Health Organization; Contemporary Forum; American Congress of Obstetricians and Gynecologists; U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Reproductive and Drug Advisory Committee for U.S. Food and Drug Administration; Wayne State University; Telluride Conference; New Mexico Department of Health Clinician Conference; Planned Parenthood National Medical Conference; British Columbia Contraception Access Research Team Conference; American Congress of Obstetricians and Gynecologists annual meeting; Bayer Women's Health; Prima-Temp; Teva Pharmaceutical Industries, Ltd.; Family Planning and Society of Family Planning Research Fund; Agile Therapeutics; Alnylam Pharmaceuticals; Gilead Sciences; National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute; Pfizer; Society for Women's Health Research; Leon Farma FX Rebecca Allen, Nexplanon trainer for Merck and Liletta trainer for Actavis, consultant, advisory board and education grant from Bayer; Mitchell D. Creinin, Nexplanon trainer for Merck, litigation consultant for Bayer, advisory board for Merck and Teva Pharmaceutical Industries, Ltd., consultant for Lemonaid - PolkaDoc app, research support to University of California, Davis from Medicines360, Contramed, Merck, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, and Society of Family Planning; Linda Dominguez, speaker for Bayer, Merck, and Actavis; Alison Edelman, royalties from Up to Date, Inc., consultant for Genzyme, grant support from the National Institutes of Health and the Gates Foundation, travel funds from the World Health Organization, grant support and honorarium from Society of Family Planning, honorarium and travel funds from Contemporary Forum, trainer for Merck, consultant for Gynuity Health Projects, honorarium from CDC, Projects In Knowledge, and American Congress of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, advisory board for Agile Therapeutics; Eve Espey, travel funds from the American Congress of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, Society for Family Planning, and U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Reproductive and Drug Advisory Committee for U.S. Food and Drug Administration, travel funds and honoraria from Wayne State University, Telluride Conference, New Mexico Department of Health Clinician Conference, Planned Parenthood National Medical Conference and Society of Family Planning, British Columbia Contraception Access Research Team Conference, and American Congress of Obstetricians and Gynecologists annual meeting; Emily Godfrey, research funding from Bayer Women's Health, Prima-Temp, and Teva Pharmaceutical Industries, Ltd., trainer for Merck and Upstream USA, grant reviewer for Fellowship of Family Planning and Society of Family Planning Research Fund; Mark Hathaway, Liletta trainer and speaker for Actavis and Medicines360, Nexplanon trainer for Merck, advisory board for Contramed and Afaxys Pharmaceuticals; Paula Hillard, consultant for American Civil Liberties Union, Advanced Health Media, CMEology, National Sleep Foundation, and Planned Parenthood Federation of America, honoraria from National Sleep Foundation, Dignity Health, CMEology, Advance Health Media, and Medscape, editorial board for Advanstar-Contemporary OB/GYN, board examiner for the American Board of Obstetrics and Gynecology, contract reviewer for the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, editorial board for EBSCO-PEMSoft, Nexplanon trainer for Merck, scientific advisor to Proctor and Gamble, publication royalties from Wiley Blackwell Publishing; Andrew Kaunitz, advisory board participant of Allergan, Bayer, Merck, and Pfizer, clinical trial funding to University of Florida from Agile Therapeutics, Bayer, Merck; Mark Mirochnick, data and safety monitoring board for Merck and ViiV Healthcare, advisory board for Merck; Jeffrey Peipert, research funding from Bayer and Teva Pharmaceutical Industries, Ltd., advisory board for Perrigo; Michael Policar, litigation consultant for Bayer; James Trussell, advisory board for Merck and Teva Pharmaceutical Industries, Ltd.; , consultant for Bayer; Nanette Wenger, research grants from Alnylam Pharmaceuticals, Gilead Sciences, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Pfizer, and Society for Women's Health Research, consultant for Amgen, AstraZeneca, Gilead Sciences and Merck; Carolyn Westhoff, data and safety monitoring board for Merck and Bayer, advisory board for Agile Therapeutics, MicroChips Biotech, and Actavis, research support to Columbia University from Medicines360, Leon Farma, and ContraMed. NR 600 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 3 U2 3 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1057-5987 EI 1545-8601 J9 MMWR RECOMM REP JI MMWR Recomm. Rep. PD JUL 29 PY 2016 VL 65 IS 3 BP 1 EP 103 PG 103 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DW3ED UT WOS:000383524000001 PM 27467196 ER PT J AU Curtis, KM Jatlaoui, TC Tepper, NK Zapata, LB Horton, LG Jamieson, DJ Whiteman, MK AF Curtis, Kathryn M. Jatlaoui, Tara C. Tepper, Naomi K. Zapata, Lauren B. Horton, Leah G. Jamieson, Denise J. Whiteman, Maura K. TI US Selected Practice Recommendations for Contraceptive Use, 2016 SO MMWR RECOMMENDATIONS AND REPORTS LA English DT Article ID DEPOT-MEDROXYPROGESTERONE ACETATE; RANDOMIZED-CONTROLLED-TRIAL; MENSTRUAL BLOOD-LOSS; PELVIC-INFLAMMATORY-DISEASE; COMBINED ORAL-CONTRACEPTIVES; COPPER-INTRAUTERINE-DEVICE; HUMAN CHORIONIC-GONADOTROPIN; HORMONE-FREE INTERVAL; HIV-INFECTED WOMEN; PILL-FREE INTERVAL AB The 2016 U.S. Selected Practice Recommendations for Contraceptive Use (US. SPR) addresses a select group of common, yet sometimes controversial or complex, issues regarding initiation and use of specific contraceptive methods. These recommendations for health care providers were updated by CDC after review of the scientific evidence and consultation with national experts who met in Atlanta, Georgia, during August 26-28, 2015. The information in this report updates the 2013 US. SPR (CDC. U.S. selected practice recommendations for contraceptive use, 2013. MMWR 2013;62[No. RR-5]). Major updates include 1) revised recommendations for starting regular contraception after the use of emergency contraceptive pills and 2) new recommendations for the use of medications to ease insertion of intrauterine devices. The recommendations in this report are intended to serve as a source of clinical guidance for health care providers and provide evidence-based guidance to reduce medical barriers to contraception access and use. Health care providers should always consider the individual clinical circumstances of each person seeking family planning services. This report is not intended to be a substitute fir professional medical advice for individual patients. Persons should seek advice from their health care providers when considering family planning options. C1 [Curtis, Kathryn M.; Jatlaoui, Tara C.; Tepper, Naomi K.; Zapata, Lauren B.; Horton, Leah G.; Jamieson, Denise J.; Whiteman, Maura K.] Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Div Reprod Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Curtis, KM (reprint author), CDC, Div Reprod Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM kmc6@cdc.gov FU Bayer; Medicines360; Contramed; Merck; Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development; Society of Family Planning; National Institutes of Health and Gates Foundation; World Health Organization; Contemporary Forum; American Congress of Obstetricians and Gynecologists; U.S. Food and Drug Administration; Reproductive and Drug Advisory Committee for U.S. Food and Drug Administration; Wayne State University; Telluride Conference; New Mexico Department of Health Clinician Conference; Planned Parenthood National Medical Conference; Bayer Women's Health; Prima-Temp; Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd.; Agile Therapeutics; Leon Farma FX Rebecca Allen, Nexplanon trainer for Merck and Liletta trainer for Actavis, consultant, advisory board, and education grant from Bayer; Mitchell D. Creinin, Nexplanon trainer for Merck, litigation consultant for Bayer, advisory board for Merck and Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd., consultant for Lemonaid - PolkaDoc app, research support to University of California, Davis from Medicines360, Contramed, Merck, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, and Society of Family Planning; Linda Dominguez, speaker for Bayer, Merck, and Actavis; Alison Edelman, royalties from Up to Date, Inc., consultant for Genzyme, grant support from National Institutes of Health and Gates Foundation, travel funds from World Health Organization, grant support and honorarium from Society of Family Planning, honorarium and travel funds from Contemporary Forum, trainer for Merck, consultant for Gynuity Health Projects, honorarium from CDC, Projects In Knowledge, and American Congress of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, advisory board for Agile Therapeutics; Eve Espey, travel funds from the American Congress of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, Society for Family Planning, and U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Reproductive and Drug Advisory Committee for U.S. Food and Drug Administration, travel funds and honoraria from Wayne State University, Telluride Conference, New Mexico Department of Health Clinician Conference, Planned Parenthood National Medical Conference and Society of Family Planning, British Columbia Contraception Access Research Team Conference, and American Congress of Obstetricians and Gynecologists annual meeting; Emily Godfrey, research funding from Bayer Women's Health, Prima-Temp, and Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd., trainer for Merck and Upstream USA, grant reviewer for Fellowship of Family Planning and Society of Family Planning Research Fund; Mark Hathaway, Liletta trainer and speaker for Actavis and Medicines360, Nexplanon trainer for Merck, advisory board for Contramed LLC and Afaxys Pharmaceuticals; Paula Hillard consultant for American Civil Liberties Union, Advanced Health Media, CMEology, National Sleep Foundation, and Planned Parenthood Federation of America, honoraria from National Sleep Foundation, Dignity Health, CMEology, Advance Health Media, and Medscape, editorial board for Advanstar - Contemporary OB/GYN, board examiner for the American Board of Obstetrics and Gynecology, contract reviewer for the Department of Health and Human Services, editorial board for EBSCO - PEMSoft, Nexplanon trainer for Merck, scientific advisor to Proctor and Gamble, publication royalties from Wiley Blackwell Publishing; Nathalie Kapp, employee of HRA Pharma; Andrew Kaunitz, advisory board participant of Allergan, Bayer, Merck, and Pfizer, clinical trial funding to University of Florida from Agile Therapeutics, Bayer, Merck; Jeffrey Peipert, research funding from Bayer and Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd., advisory board for Perrigo; Michael Policar, litigation consultant for Bayer; James Trussell, advisory board for Merck and Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd., consultant for Bayer; Carolyn Westhoff, data and safety monitoring board for Merck and Bayer, advisory board for Agile Therapeutics, MicroChips Biotech, and Actavis, research support to Columbia University from Medicines360, Leon Farma, and ContraMed. NR 352 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 4 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1057-5987 EI 1545-8601 J9 MMWR RECOMM REP JI MMWR Recomm. Rep. PD JUL 29 PY 2016 VL 65 IS 4 BP 3 EP 68 PG 66 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DW3EK UT WOS:000383524700001 ER PT J AU Leligdowicz, A Fischer, WA Uyeki, TM Fletcher, TE Adhikari, NKJ Portella, G Lamontagne, F Clement, C Jacob, ST Rubinson, L Vanderschuren, A Hajek, J Murthy, S Ferri, M Crozier, I Ibrahima, E Lamah, MC Schieffelin, JS Brett-Major, D Bausch, DG Shindo, N Chan, AK O'Dempsey, T Mishra, S Jacobs, M Dickson, S Lyon, GM Fowler, RA AF Leligdowicz, Aleksandra Fischer, William A., II Uyeki, Timothy M. Fletcher, Thomas E. Adhikari, Neill K. J. Portella, Gina Lamontagne, Francois Clement, Christophe Jacob, Shevin T. Rubinson, Lewis Vanderschuren, Abel Hajek, Jan Murthy, Srinivas Ferri, Mauricio Crozier, Ian Ibrahima, Elhadj Lamah, Marie-Claire Schieffelin, John S. Brett-Major, David Bausch, Daniel G. Shindo, Nikki Chan, Adrienne K. O'Dempsey, Tim Mishra, Sharmistha Jacobs, Michael Dickson, Stuart Lyon, G. Marshall, III Fowler, Robert A. TI Ebola virus disease and critical illness SO CRITICAL CARE LA English DT Review DE Ebola; Critical care ID RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; HEMORRHAGIC-FEVER; UNITED-STATES; SIERRA-LEONE; CONVALESCENT PLASMA; CRITICAL-CARE; NONHUMAN-PRIMATES; FILOVIRUS INFECTIONS; CLINICAL MANAGEMENT; WEST-AFRICA AB As of 20 May 2016 there have been 28,646 cases and 11,323 deaths resulting from the West African Ebola virus disease (EVD) outbreak reported to the World Health Organization. There continue to be sporadic flare-ups of EVD cases in West Africa. EVD presentation is nonspecific and characterized initially by onset of fatigue, myalgias, arthralgias, headache, and fever; this is followed several days later by anorexia, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and abdominal pain. Anorexia and gastrointestinal losses lead to dehydration, electrolyte abnormalities, and metabolic acidosis, and, in some patients, acute kidney injury. Hypoxia and ventilation failure occurs most often with severe illness and may be exacerbated by substantial fluid requirements for intravascular volume repletion and some degree of systemic capillary leak. Although minor bleeding manifestations are common, hypovolemic and septic shock complicated by multisystem organ dysfunction appear the most frequent causes of death. Males and females have been equally affected, with children (0-14 years of age) accounting for 19 %, young adults (15-44 years) 58 %, and older adults (>= 45 years) 23 % of reported cases. While the current case fatality proportion in West Africa is approximately 40 %, it has varied substantially over time (highest near the outbreak onset) according to available resources (40-90 % mortality in West Africa compared to under 20 % in Western Europe and the USA), by age (near universal among neonates and high among older adults), and by Ebola viral load at admission. While there is no Ebola virus-specific therapy proven to be effective in clinical trials, mortality has been dramatically lower among EVD patients managed with supportive intensive care in highly resourced settings, allowing for the avoidance of hypovolemia, correction of electrolyte and metabolic abnormalities, and the provision of oxygen, ventilation, vasopressors, and dialysis when indicated. This experience emphasizes that, in addition to evaluating specific medical treatments, improving the global capacity to provide supportive critical care to patients with EVD may be the greatest opportunity to improve patient outcomes. C1 [Leligdowicz, Aleksandra; Adhikari, Neill K. J.; Fowler, Robert A.] Univ Toronto, Interdepartmental Div Crit Care, Toronto, ON, Canada. [Fischer, William A., II] Univ N Carolina, Dept Med, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Uyeki, Timothy M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Fletcher, Thomas E.] Whittington Barracks, Defence Med Serv, Lichfield, England. [Fletcher, Thomas E.] Univ Liverpool Liverpool Sch Trop Med, Liverpool, Merseyside, England. [Adhikari, Neill K. J.; Fowler, Robert A.] Sunnybrook Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Crit Care Med, Toronto, ON, Canada. [Portella, Gina] Emergency NGO, Milan, Italy. [Lamontagne, Francois] Univ Sherbrooke, Dept Med, Sherbrooke, PQ, Canada. [Clement, Christophe] Polyclin Bordeaux Nord Aquitaine, Bordeaux, France. [Jacob, Shevin T.] Univ Washington, Dept Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Rubinson, Lewis] Univ Maryland, Dept Med, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. [Vanderschuren, Abel] Inst Univ Cardiol & Pneumol Quebec, Ctr Rech, Quebec City, PQ, Canada. [Hajek, Jan] Univ British Columbia, Div Infect Dis, Vancouver, BC, Canada. [Murthy, Srinivas] Univ British Columbia, Dept Paediat, Vancouver, BC, Canada. [Crozier, Ian] Makerere Univ, Infect Dis Inst, Coll Hlth Sci, Kampala, Uganda. [Ibrahima, Elhadj; Lamah, Marie-Claire] Donka Hosp, Dept Infect & Parasit Dis, Conakry, Guinea. [Schieffelin, John S.] Tulane Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, New Orleans, LA 70118 USA. [Schieffelin, John S.] Tulane Univ, Sch Publ Hlth & Trop Med, New Orleans, LA 70118 USA. [Brett-Major, David] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Prevent Med & Biometr, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [Bausch, Daniel G.; Shindo, Nikki] WHO, Dept Pandem & Epidem Dis, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. [Chan, Adrienne K.] Sunnybrook Hlth Sci Ctr, Div Infect Dis, Toronto, ON, Canada. [O'Dempsey, Tim] Univ Liverpool Liverpool Sch Trop Med, Dept Clin Sci, Liverpool, Merseyside, England. [Mishra, Sharmistha] Univ Toronto, Dept Med, Toronto, ON, Canada. [Jacobs, Michael] Royal Free London NHS Fdn Trust, Dept Infect, London, England. [Dickson, Stuart] Derriford Hosp, Acute Med & Intens Care, Plymouth, Devon, England. [Lyon, G. Marshall, III] Emory Univ Hosp, Dept Infect Dis, 1364 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. RP Fowler, RA (reprint author), Univ Toronto, Interdepartmental Div Crit Care, Toronto, ON, Canada. EM rob.fowler@sunnybrook.ca OI Leligdowicz, Aleksandra/0000-0001-6055-4644; Mishra, Sharmistha/0000-0001-8492-5470 FU NIA NIH HHS [R03 AG045088] NR 124 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 6 U2 10 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1466-609X EI 1364-8535 J9 CRIT CARE JI Crit. Care PD JUL 29 PY 2016 VL 20 AR 217 DI 10.1186/s13054-016-1325-2 PG 14 WC Critical Care Medicine SC General & Internal Medicine GA DT6QF UT WOS:000381608300001 PM 27468829 ER PT J AU Hankin-Wei, A Rein, DB Hernandez-Romieu, A Kennedy, MJ Bulkow, L Rosenberg, E Trigg, M Nelson, NP AF Hankin-Wei, Abigail Rein, David B. Hernandez-Romieu, Alfonso Kennedy, Mallory J. Bulkow, Lisa Rosenberg, Eli Trigg, Monica Nelson, Noele P. TI Cost-effectiveness analysis of catch-up hepatitis A vaccination among unvaccinated/partially-vaccinated children SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Hepatitis A; Vaccine recommendation; Economic modeling ID UNITED-STATES; ADULTS; INFECTIONS; OUTBREAK; COVERAGE; HEALTH; REFUSAL; DISEASE; IMPACT; MODEL AB Background: Since 2006, the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has recommended hepatitis A (HepA) vaccination routinely for children aged 12-23 months to prevent hepatitis A virus (HAV) infection. However, a substantial proportion of US children are unvaccinated and susceptible to infection. We present results of economic modeling to assess whether a one-time catch-up HepA vaccination recommendation would be cost-effective. Methods: We developed a Markov model of HAV infection that followed a single cohort from birth through death (birth to age 95 years). The model compared the health and economic outcomes from catch-up vaccination interventions for children at target ages from two through 17 years vs. outcomes resulting from maintaining the current recommendation of routine vaccination at age one year with no catch-up intervention. Results: Over the lifetime of the cohort, catch-up vaccination would reduce the total number of infections relative to the baseline by 741 while increasing doses of vaccine by 556,989. Catch-up vaccination would increase net costs by $10.2 million, or $2.38 per person. The incremental cost of HepA vaccine catch-up intervention at age 10 years, the midpoint of the ages modeled, was $452,239 per QALY gained. Across age-cohorts, the cost-effectiveness of catch-up vaccination is most favorable at age 12 years, resulting in an Incremental Cost-Effectiveness Ratio of $189,000 per QALY gained. Conclusions: Given the low baseline of HAV disease incidence achieved by current vaccination recommendations, our economic model suggests that a catch-up vaccination recommendation would be less cost-effective than many other vaccine interventions, and that HepA catch-up vaccination would become cost effective at a threshold of $50,000 per QALY only when incidence of HAV rises about 5.0 cases per 100,000 population. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Hankin-Wei, Abigail] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Rein, David B.; Kennedy, Mallory J.] Univ Chicago, NORC, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Hernandez-Romieu, Alfonso; Rosenberg, Eli; Trigg, Monica] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Bulkow, Lisa] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Arctic Invest Program, NCEZID, Atlanta, GA USA. [Nelson, Noele P.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Hepatitis, NCHHSTP, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Hankin-Wei, A (reprint author), Emory Univ, Emergency Med, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. EM ahankin@emory.edu FU National Center for HIV, Viral Hepatitis, STD and TB Prevention (NCHHSTP), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, as part of the NCHHSTP Epidemiologic and Economic Modeling Cooperative Agreement [5U38PS004646] FX This works was supported by Cooperative Agreement Number 5U38PS004646 by the National Center for HIV, Viral Hepatitis, STD and TB Prevention (NCHHSTP), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, as part of the NCHHSTP Epidemiologic and Economic Modeling Cooperative Agreement. Its contents are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention or the Department of Health and Human Services. NR 40 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X EI 1873-2518 J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD JUL 29 PY 2016 VL 34 IS 35 BP 4243 EP 4249 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2016.06.040 PG 7 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA DT0JR UT WOS:000381170300022 PM 27317459 ER PT J AU Willilo, RA Molteni, F Mandike, R Mugalura, FE Mutafungwa, A Thadeo, A Benedictor, E Kafuko, JM Kaspar, N Ramsan, MM Mwaipape, O McElroy, PD Gutman, J Colaco, R Reithinger, R Ngondi, JM AF Willilo, Ritha A. Molteni, Fabrizio Mandike, Renata Mugalura, Frances E. Mutafungwa, Anold Thadeo, Adella Benedictor, Edwin Kafuko, Jessica M. Kaspar, Naomi Ramsan, Mahdi M. Mwaipape, Osia McElroy, Peter D. Gutman, Julie Colaco, Rajeev Reithinger, Richard Ngondi, Jeremiah M. TI Pregnant women and infants as sentinel populations to monitor prevalence of malaria: results of pilot study in Lake Zone of Tanzania SO MALARIA JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Malaria surveillance; Sentinel population; Pregnant women; Infants; Tanzania ID NATIONAL CAMPAIGN; IMPLEMENTATION; DESIGN; ANEMIA; MALAWI; NETS AB Background: As malaria control interventions are scaled-up, rational approaches are needed for monitoring impact over time. One proposed approach includes monitoring the prevalence of malaria infection among pregnant women and children at the time of routine preventive health facility (HF) visits. This pilot explored the feasibility and utility of tracking the prevalence of malaria infection in pregnant women attending their first antenatal care (ANC) visit and infants presenting at 9-12 months of age for measles vaccination. Methods: Pregnant women attending first ANC and infants nine to 12 months old presenting for measles vaccination at a non-probability sample of 54 HFs in Tanzania's Lake Zone (Mara, Mwanza and Kagera Regions) were screened for malaria infection using a malaria rapid diagnostic test (RDT) from December 2012 to November 2013, regardless of symptoms. Participants who tested positive were treated for malaria per national guidelines. Data were collected monthly. Results: Overall 89.9 and 78.1 % of expected monthly reports on malaria infection prevalence were received for pregnant women and infants, respectively. Among 51,467 pregnant women and 35,155 infants attending routine preventive HF visits, 41.2 and 37.3 % were tested with RDT, respectively. Malaria infection prevalence was 12.8 % [95 % confidence interval (CI) 11.3-14.3] among pregnant women and 11.0 % (95 % CI 9.5-12.5) among infants, and varied by month. There was good correlation of the prevalence of malaria among pregnant women and infants at the HF level (Spearman rho = 0.6; p < 0.001). This approach is estimated to cost $1.28 for every person tested, with the RDT accounting for 72 % of the cost. Conclusions: Malaria infection was common and well correlated among pregnant women and infants attending routine health services. Routine screening of these readily accessible populations may offer a practical strategy for continuously tracking malaria trends, particularly seasonal variation. Positivity rates among afebrile individuals presenting for routine care offer an advantage as they are unaffected by the prevalence of other causes of febrile illness, which could influence positivity rates among febrile patients presenting to outpatient clinics. The data presented here suggest that in addition to contributing to clinical management, ongoing screening of pregnant women could be used for routine surveillance and detection of hotspots. C1 [Willilo, Ritha A.; Mutafungwa, Anold; Thadeo, Adella; Benedictor, Edwin; Ramsan, Mahdi M.; Mwaipape, Osia; Ngondi, Jeremiah M.] RTI Int, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania. [Molteni, Fabrizio; Mandike, Renata] Natl Malaria Control Programme, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania. [Molteni, Fabrizio] Swiss Trop & Publ Hlth Inst, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania. [Mugalura, Frances E.] Sengerema Hlth Inst, Sengerema, Tanzania. [Kafuko, Jessica M.] Presidents Malaria Initiat United States Agcy Int, Abuja, Nigeria. [Kaspar, Naomi] Presidents Malaria Initiat United States Agcy Int, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania. [McElroy, Peter D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Presidents Malaria Initiat, Atlanta, GA USA. [McElroy, Peter D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Malaria Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Gutman, Julie] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Malaria Branch, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Atlanta, GA USA. [Colaco, Rajeev; Reithinger, Richard] RTI Int, Washington, DC USA. RP Willilo, RA (reprint author), RTI Int, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania. EM rithawillilo@gmail.com FU President's Malaria Initiative (PMI) via the US Agency for International Development (USAID) [621-A-00-10-00015-00]; US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) FX This study was made possible through support provided to the Tanzania Vector Control Scale-up Project (Cooperative Agreement 621-A-00-10-00015-00) by the President's Malaria Initiative (PMI) via the US Agency for International Development (USAID) and an inter-agency agreement with the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1475-2875 J9 MALARIA J JI Malar. J. PD JUL 29 PY 2016 VL 15 AR 392 DI 10.1186/s12936-016-1441-0 PG 10 WC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine SC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine GA DS3AW UT WOS:000380656200001 PM 27473039 ER PT J AU Dato, VM Campagnolo, ER Long, J Rupprecht, CE AF Dato, Virginia M. Campagnolo, Enzo R. Long, Jonah Rupprecht, Charles E. TI A Systematic Review of Human Bat Rabies Virus Variant Cases: Evaluating Unprotected Physical Contact with Claws and Teeth in Support of Accurate Risk Assessments SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Review ID UNITED-STATES; POSTEXPOSURE PROPHYLAXIS; SOUTH-CAROLINA; SURVEILLANCE; EXPOSURE; TRANSMISSION; CALIFORNIA; CANADA; TRENDS; COST AB In the United States and Canada, the most recent documented cases of rabies have been attributed to bat rabies viruses (RABV). We undertook this systematic review in an effort to summarize and enhance understanding of the risk of infection for individuals who have been potentially exposed to a suspect or confirmed rabid bat. United States rabies surveillance summaries documented a total of 41 human bat-rabies virus variant verified non-transplant cases between 1990 and 2015. All cases were fatal. Seven (17.1%) of 41 cases reported a bite from a bat. Ten (24.3%) cases had unprotected physical contact (UPC); these included seven cases that had a bat land or crawl on them (contact with claws) and one case that touched a bat's teeth. Seven (17.1%) cases had probable UPC. Insectivorous bat teeth are extremely sharp and highly efficient for predation upon arthropod prey. Bats also have sharp claws on the end of their thumbs and feet. One of the most common bat RABV variants has an ability to replicate in non-neural cells. Questioning individuals about unprotected contact with bat teeth and claws (including a bat landing or crawling on a person) may help identify additional exposures. C1 [Dato, Virginia M.] Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. [Campagnolo, Enzo R.; Long, Jonah] Penn Dept Hlth, Bur Epidemiol, Harrisburg, PA 17108 USA. [Campagnolo, Enzo R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Publ Hlth Preparedness & Response, Div State & Local Readiness, Field Serv Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Rupprecht, Charles E.] Wistar Inst Anat & Biol, 3601 Spruce St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RP Dato, VM (reprint author), Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. EM vmdato@gmail.com FU NLM Pittsburgh Biomedical Informatics Training Grant [5T15 LM007059-28] FX Virginia Dato was funded by NLM Pittsburgh Biomedical Informatics Training Grant 5T15 LM007059-28. NR 64 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 9 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JUL 26 PY 2016 VL 11 IS 7 AR e0159443 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0159443 PG 13 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA DT5IH UT WOS:000381515600022 PM 27459720 ER PT J AU Eads, DA Biggins, DE Long, DH Gage, KL Antolin, MF AF Eads, David A. Biggins, Dean E. Long, Dustin H. Gage, Kenneth L. Antolin, Michael F. TI Droughts may increase susceptibility of prairie dogs to fleas: incongruity with hypothesized mechanisms of plague cycles in rodents SO JOURNAL OF MAMMALOGY LA English DT Article DE body condition; Cynomys; disease ecology; precipitation; Siphonaptera; Yersinia pestis ID CYNOMYS-LUDOVICIANUS; YERSINIA-PESTIS; INFECTIOUS-DISEASES; VECTOR COMPETENCE; CLIMATE-CHANGE; UNITED-STATES; WILD MAMMALS; TRADE-OFFS; NEW-MEXICO; POPULATIONS AB Plague is a reemerging, rodent-associated zoonosis caused by the flea-borne bacterium Yersinia pestis. As a vectorborne disease, rates of plague transmission may increase when fleas are abundant. Fleas are highly susceptible to desiccation under hot-dry conditions; we posited that their densities decline during droughts. We evaluated this hypothesis with black-tailed prairie dogs (Cynomys ludovicianus) in New Mexico, June-August 2010-2012. Precipitation was relatively plentiful during 2010 and 2012 but scarce during 2011, the driest spring-summer on record for the northeastern grasslands of New Mexico. Unexpectedly, fleas were 200% more abundant in 2011 than in 2010 and 2012. Prairie dogs were in 27% better condition during 2010 and 2012, and they devoted 287% more time to grooming in 2012 than in 2011. During 2012, prairie dogs provided with supplemental food and water were in 23% better condition and carried 40% fewer fleas. Collectively, these results suggest that during dry years, prairie dogs are limited by food and water, and they exhibit weakened defenses against fleas. Long-term data are needed to evaluate the generality of whether droughts increase flea densities and how changes in flea abundance during sequences of dry and wet years might affect plague cycles in mammalian hosts. C1 [Eads, David A.; Biggins, Dean E.] US Geol Survey, Ft Collins Sci Ctr, 2150 Ctr Ave,Bldg C, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Eads, David A.; Antolin, Michael F.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Biol, Campus Delivery 1878, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Eads, David A.; Biggins, Dean E.; Antolin, Michael F.] Colorado State Univ, Grad Degree Program Ecol, Campus Delivery 1499, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Long, Dustin H.] Turner Endangered Species Fund, 901 Technol Blvd, Bozeman, MT 59718 USA. [Gage, Kenneth L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Infect Dis, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Ft Collins, CO 80522 USA. RP Eads, DA (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Ft Collins Sci Ctr, 2150 Ctr Ave,Bldg C, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA.; Eads, DA (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Dept Biol, Campus Delivery 1878, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.; Eads, DA (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Grad Degree Program Ecol, Campus Delivery 1499, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. EM deads@usgs.gov FU U.S. Geological Survey; Turner Endangered Species Fund; Turner Enterprises Incorporated; Colorado State University; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Shortgrass Steppe Long-Term Ecological Research Project [DEB 021763, 0823405]; National Science Foundation [1027319] FX Funding and logistical support were provided by the U.S. Geological Survey, Turner Endangered Species Fund, Turner Enterprises Incorporated, Colorado State University, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and the Shortgrass Steppe Long-Term Ecological Research Project (DEB 021763 and 0823405). This material also is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation (grant no. 1027319). We thank T. Turner for allowing access to his lands and for his dedication to wildlife conservation. We greatly appreciate field assistance from J. Bowser, M. Hague, D. Marsh, S. Molina, J. Neill, M. Poonamallee, L. White, and C. Zoubek. We thank the associate editor, 2 anonymous reviewers, and E. Mize for comments that improved the manuscript. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 77 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 18 U2 18 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0022-2372 EI 1545-1542 J9 J MAMMAL JI J. Mammal. PD JUL 25 PY 2016 VL 97 IS 4 BP 1044 EP 1053 DI 10.1093/jmammal/gyw035 PG 10 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA DV9LN UT WOS:000383262100004 ER PT J AU Mtove, G Mugasa, JP Messenger, LA Malima, RC Mangesho, P Magogo, F Plucinski, M Hashimu, R Matowo, J Shepard, D Batengana, B Cook, J Emidi, B Halasa, Y Kaaya, R Kihombo, A Lindblade, KA Makenga, G Mpangala, R Mwambuli, A Mzava, R Mziray, A Olang, G Oxborough, RM Seif, M Sambu, E Samuels, A Sudi, W Thomas, J Weston, S Alilio, M Binkin, N Gimnig, J Kleinschmidt, I McElroy, P Moulton, LH Norris, L Ruebush, T Venkatesan, M Rowland, M Mosha, FW Kisinza, WN AF Mtove, George Mugasa, Joseph P. Messenger, Louisa A. Malima, Robert C. Mangesho, Peter Magogo, Franklin Plucinski, Mateusz Hashimu, Ramadhan Matowo, Johnson Shepard, Donald Batengana, Bernard Cook, Jackie Emidi, Basiliana Halasa, Yara Kaaya, Robert Kihombo, Aggrey Lindblade, Kimberly A. Makenga, Geofrey Mpangala, Robert Mwambuli, Abraham Mzava, Ruth Mziray, Abubakary Olang, George Oxborough, Richard M. Seif, Mohammed Sambu, Edward Samuels, Aaron Sudi, Wema Thomas, John Weston, Sophie Alilio, Martin Binkin, Nancy Gimnig, John Kleinschmidt, Immo McElroy, Peter Moulton, Lawrence H. Norris, Laura Ruebush, Trenton Venkatesan, Meera Rowland, Mark Mosha, Franklin W. Kisinza, William N. TI The effectiveness of non-pyrethroid insecticide-treated durable wall lining to control malaria in rural Tanzania: study protocol for a two-armed cluster randomized trial SO BMC PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Insecticide-treated wall lining; Long-lasting insecticidal nets; Malaria control; Cluster randomized controlled trial; Entomological inoculation rate; Insecticide resistance management ID ANOPHELES-GAMBIAE COMPLEX; BURKINA-FASO; CONTROL INTERVENTIONS; VECTOR CONTROL; INDOOR USE; NETS; RESISTANCE; TRANSMISSION; PROTECTION; MEMBERS AB Background: Despite considerable reductions in malaria achieved by scaling-up long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) and indoor residual spraying (IRS), maintaining sustained community protection remains operationally challenging. Increasing insecticide resistance also threatens to jeopardize the future of both strategies. Non-pyrethroid insecticidetreated wall lining (ITWL) may represent an alternate or complementary control method and a potential tool to manage insecticide resistance. To date no study has demonstrated whether ITWL can reduce malaria transmission nor provide additional protection beyond the current best practice of universal coverage (UC) of LLINs and prompt case management. Methods/design: A two-arm cluster randomized controlled trial will be conducted in rural Tanzania to assess whether non-pyrethroid ITWL and UC of LLINs provide added protection against malaria infection in children, compared to UC of LLINs alone. Stratified randomization based on malaria prevalence will be used to select 22 village clusters per arm. All 44 clusters will receive LLINs and half will also have ITWL installed on interior house walls. Study children, aged 6 months to 11 years old, will be enrolled from each cluster and followed monthly to estimate cumulative incidence of malaria parasitaemia (primary endpoint), time to first malaria episode and prevalence of anaemia before and after intervention. Entomological inoculation rate will be estimated using indoor CDC light traps and outdoor tent traps followed by detection of Anopheles gambiae species, sporozoite infection, insecticide resistance and blood meal source. ITWL bioefficacy and durability will be monitored using WHO cone bioassays and household surveys, respectively. Social and cultural factors influencing community and household ITWL acceptability will be explored through focus-group discussions and in-depth interviews. Cost-effectiveness, compared between study arms, will be estimated per malaria case averted. Discussion: This protocol describes the large-scale evaluation of a novel vector control product, designed to overcome some of the known limitations of existing methods. If ITWL is proven to be effective and durable under field conditions, it may warrant consideration for programmatic implementation, particularly in areas with long transmission seasons and where pyrethroid-resistant vectors predominate. Trial findings will provide crucial information for policy makers in Tanzania and other malaria-endemic countries to guide resource allocations for future control efforts. C1 [Mtove, George; Mugasa, Joseph P.; Malima, Robert C.; Mangesho, Peter; Magogo, Franklin; Hashimu, Ramadhan; Batengana, Bernard; Kihombo, Aggrey; Makenga, Geofrey; Mpangala, Robert; Mwambuli, Abraham; Mzava, Ruth; Mziray, Abubakary; Olang, George; Seif, Mohammed; Sambu, Edward; Sudi, Wema; Kisinza, William N.] Amani Res Ctr, Natl Inst Med Res, Muheza, Tanzania. [Messenger, Louisa A.; Cook, Jackie; Weston, Sophie; Kleinschmidt, Immo; Rowland, Mark] London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, Dept Dis Control, London, England. [Plucinski, Mateusz; McElroy, Peter] US Presidents Malaria Initiat, Atlanta, GA USA. [Plucinski, Mateusz; Lindblade, Kimberly A.; Samuels, Aaron; Gimnig, John; McElroy, Peter] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Malaria Branch, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Atlanta, GA USA. [Matowo, Johnson; Emidi, Basiliana; Kaaya, Robert; Mosha, Franklin W.] Kilimanjaro Christian Med Coll, Moshi, Tanzania. [Shepard, Donald; Emidi, Basiliana] Natl Inst Med Res, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania. [Halasa, Yara] Brandeis Univ, Heller Sch, Waltham, MA 02254 USA. [Oxborough, Richard M.] Abt Associates Inc, PMI Africa Indoor Residual Spraying Project, London, England. [Thomas, John] Phoenix Ordinary LLC, Bridgewater, NJ USA. [Alilio, Martin; Norris, Laura; Venkatesan, Meera] US Agcy Int Dev, Presidents Malaria Initiat, Washington, DC 20523 USA. [Binkin, Nancy; Ruebush, Trenton] Univ Res Co LLC, Translating Res Act Project TRAct, Bethesda, MD USA. [Moulton, Lawrence H.] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Int Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA. RP Mtove, G (reprint author), Amani Res Ctr, Natl Inst Med Res, Muheza, Tanzania. EM mtoveg2002@gmail.com OI Emidi, Basiliana/0000-0001-6856-541X FU US President's Malaria Initiative (PMI) [GHS-A-00-09-00015-00] FX Funding for this project was provided by the US President's Malaria Initiative (PMI) managed by University Research Co., LLC (URC) (Cooperative Agreement No. GHS-A-00-09-00015-00). NR 65 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 5 U2 8 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2458 J9 BMC PUBLIC HEALTH JI BMC Public Health PD JUL 25 PY 2016 VL 16 AR 633 DI 10.1186/s12889-016-3287-3 PG 15 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DR9QC UT WOS:000380230200002 PM 27456339 ER PT J AU Biggerstaff, M Alper, D Dredze, M Fox, S Fung, ICH Hickmann, KS Lewis, B Rosenfeld, R Shaman, J Tsou, MH Velardi, P Vespignani, A Finelli, L AF Biggerstaff, Matthew Alper, David Dredze, Mark Fox, Spencer Fung, Isaac Chun-Hai Hickmann, Kyle S. Lewis, Bryan Rosenfeld, Roni Shaman, Jeffrey Tsou, Ming-Hsiang Velardi, Paola Vespignani, Alessandro Finelli, Lyn CA Influenza Forecasting Contest Work TI Results from the centers for disease control and prevention's predict the 2013-2014 Influenza Season Challenge SO BMC INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Influenza; Forecasting; Prediction; Modeling ID UNITED-STATES; SURVEILLANCE; VACCINE AB Background: Early insights into the timing of the start, peak, and intensity of the influenza season could be useful in planning influenza prevention and control activities. To encourage development and innovation in influenza forecasting, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) organized a challenge to predict the 2013-14 Unites States influenza season. Methods: Challenge contestants were asked to forecast the start, peak, and intensity of the 2013-2014 influenza season at the national level and at any or all Health and Human Services (HHS) region level(s). The challenge ran from December 1, 2013-March 27, 2014; contestants were required to submit 9 biweekly forecasts at the national level to be eligible. The selection of the winner was based on expert evaluation of the methodology used to make the prediction and the accuracy of the prediction as judged against the U.S. Outpatient Influenza-like Illness Surveillance Network (ILINet). Results: Nine teams submitted 13 forecasts for all required milestones. The first forecast was due on December 2, 2013; 3/13 forecasts received correctly predicted the start of the influenza season within one week, 1/13 predicted the peak within 1 week, 3/13 predicted the peak ILINet percentage within 1 %, and 4/13 predicted the season duration within 1 week. For the prediction due on December 19, 2013, the number of forecasts that correctly forecasted the peak week increased to 2/13, the peak percentage to 6/13, and the duration of the season to 6/13. As the season progressed, the forecasts became more stable and were closer to the season milestones. Conclusion: Forecasting has become technically feasible, but further efforts are needed to improve forecast accuracy so that policy makers can reliably use these predictions. CDC and challenge contestants plan to build upon the methods developed during this contest to improve the accuracy of influenza forecasts. C1 [Biggerstaff, Matthew; Finelli, Lyn] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Epidemiol & Prevent Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Alper, David] Everyday Hlth, New York, NY USA. [Dredze, Mark] Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD USA. [Fox, Spencer] Univ Texas Austin, Austin, TX USA. [Fung, Isaac Chun-Hai] Georgia So Univ, Statesboro, GA USA. [Hickmann, Kyle S.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA. [Hickmann, Kyle S.] Tulane Univ, New Orleans, LA USA. [Lewis, Bryan] Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA USA. [Rosenfeld, Roni] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Pittsburgh, PA USA. [Shaman, Jeffrey] Columbia Univ, New York, NY USA. [Tsou, Ming-Hsiang] San Diego State Univ, San Diego, CA USA. [Velardi, Paola] Sapienza Univ Roma, Rome, Italy. [Vespignani, Alessandro] Northeastern Univ, Boston, MA USA. RP Biggerstaff, M (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Epidemiol & Prevent Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. EM mbiggerstaff@cdc.gov OI Fung, Isaac Chun-Hai/0000-0001-5496-2529; Eggo, Rosalind M/0000-0002-0362-6717 FU National Institute of General Medical Sciences of the National Institutes of Health [5U01GM070694-13]; Defense Threat Reduction Agency Comprehensive National Incident Management System [HDTRA1-11-D-0016-0001]; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [15IPA1509134]; NIH [GM100467, GM110748, 1U54GM088558]; National Science Foundation [1416509]; National Institute of General Medical Sciences MIDAS [U01GM087719] FX BL: Research reported in this publication was supported by the National Institute of General Medical Sciences of the National Institutes of Health under award number 5U01GM070694-13 and the Defense Threat Reduction Agency Comprehensive National Incident Management System Contract HDTRA1-11-D-0016-0001.; ICHF received salary support from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (15IPA1509134). This paper is not related to his CDC-funded projects.; JS: NIH grants GM100467, GM110748 and 1U54GM088558; MHT: This material is partially based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant No. 1416509, project titled "Spatiotemporal Modeling of Human Dynamics Across Social Media and Social Networks".; SF: Received funding through National Institute of General Medical Sciences MIDAS grant (U01GM087719). NR 37 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 3 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2334 J9 BMC INFECT DIS JI BMC Infect. Dis. PD JUL 22 PY 2016 VL 16 AR 357 DI 10.1186/s12879-016-1669-x PG 10 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA DS7XA UT WOS:000380995100001 PM 27449080 ER PT J AU Koneru, A Nelson, N Hariri, S Canary, L Sanders, KJ Maxwell, JF Huang, XH Leake, JAD Ward, JW Vellozzi, C AF Koneru, Alaya Nelson, Noele Hariri, Susan Canary, Lauren Sanders, Kathy J. Maxwell, Justine F. Huang, Xiaohua Leake, John A. D. Ward, John W. Vellozzi, Claudia TI Increased Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) Detection in Women of Childbearing Age and Potential Risk for Vertical Transmission - United States and Kentucky, 2011-2014 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Article ID PREGNANCY C1 [Koneru, Alaya; Nelson, Noele; Hariri, Susan; Canary, Lauren; Ward, John W.; Vellozzi, Claudia] CDC, Div Viral Hepatitis, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Sanders, Kathy J.; Maxwell, Justine F.] Kentucky Dept Publ Hlth, Frankfort, KY USA. [Huang, Xiaohua; Leake, John A. D.] Quest Diagnost, Madison, NJ USA. RP Koneru, A (reprint author), CDC, Div Viral Hepatitis, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM xjq8@cdc.gov NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD JUL 22 PY 2016 VL 65 IS 28 BP 705 EP 710 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DR7AD UT WOS:000380051500002 PM 27442053 ER PT J AU Grills, A Morrison, S Nelson, B Miniota, J Watts, A Cetron, MS AF Grills, Ardath Morrison, Stephanie Nelson, Bradley Miniota, Jennifer Watts, Alexander Cetron, Martin S. TI Projected Zika Virus Importation and Subsequent Ongoing Transmission after Travel to the 2016 Olympic and Paralympic Games - Country-Specific Assessment, July 2016 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Article C1 [Grills, Ardath; Morrison, Stephanie; Nelson, Bradley; Cetron, Martin S.] CDC, Div Global Migrat & Quarantine, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Morrison, Stephanie] Eagle Med Serv, Atlanta, GA USA. [Miniota, Jennifer; Watts, Alexander] St Michaels Hosp, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Inst, Toronto, ON, Canada. RP Cetron, MS (reprint author), CDC, Div Global Migrat & Quarantine, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM mcetron@cdc.gov NR 9 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 4 U2 5 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD JUL 22 PY 2016 VL 65 IS 28 BP 711 EP 715 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DR7AD UT WOS:000380051500003 PM 27442184 ER PT J AU Straily, A Feldpausch, A Ulbrich, C Schell, K Casillas, S Zaki, SR Denison, AM Condit, M Gabel, J Paddock, CD AF Straily, Anne Feldpausch, Amanda Ulbrich, Carl Schell, Kiersten Casillas, Shannon Zaki, Sherif R. Denison, Amy M. Condit, Marah Gabel, Julie Paddock, Christopher D. TI Rickettsia parkeri Rickettsiosis - Georgia, 2012-2014 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Article ID SPOTTED-FEVER C1 [Straily, Anne] CDC, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Straily, Anne; Condit, Marah; Paddock, Christopher D.] CDC, Rickettsial Zoonoses Branch, Div Vector Borne Dis, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Feldpausch, Amanda; Casillas, Shannon; Gabel, Julie] Georgia Dept Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Ulbrich, Carl; Schell, Kiersten] Summit Urgent Care Clin, Newnan, GA USA. [Zaki, Sherif R.; Denison, Amy M.] CDC, Infect Dis Pathol Branch, Div Vector Borne Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Straily, A (reprint author), CDC, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.; Straily, A (reprint author), CDC, Rickettsial Zoonoses Branch, Div Vector Borne Dis, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM astraily@cdc.gov NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD JUL 22 PY 2016 VL 65 IS 28 BP 718 EP 719 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DR7AD UT WOS:000380051500005 PM 27442517 ER PT J AU Abara, WE Hess, KL Fanfair, RN Bernstein, KT Paz-Bailey, G AF Abara, Winston E. Hess, Kristen L. Fanfair, Robyn Neblett Bernstein, Kyle T. Paz-Bailey, Gabriela TI Syphilis Trends among Men Who Have Sex with Men in the United States and Western Europe: A Systematic Review of Trend Studies Published between 2004 and 2015 SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Review ID SEXUALLY-TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS; UNPROTECTED ANAL INTERCOURSE; SAN-FRANCISCO; SECONDARY SYPHILIS; RISK BEHAVIOR; ASYMPTOMATIC SYPHILIS; HIV-INFECTIONS; SOCIAL-CONTEXT; BISEXUAL MEN; US CITIES AB Globally, men who have sex with men (MSM) are disproportionately burdened with syphilis. This review describes the published literature on trends in syphilis infections among MSM in the US and Western Europe from 1998, the period with the fewest syphilis infections in both geographical areas, onwards. We also describe disparities in syphilis trends among various sub-populations of MSM. We searched electronic databases (Medline, Embase, Global Health, PsychInfo, CAB Abstracts, CINAHL, Sociological Abstracts, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and LILACS) for peer-reviewed journal articles that were published between January 2004 and June 2015 and reported on syphilis cases among MSM at multiple time points from 1998 onwards. Ten articles (12 syphilis trend studies/reports) from the US and eight articles (12 syphilis trend studies/reports) from Western Europe were identified and included in this review. Taken together, our findings indicate an increase in the numbers and rates (per 100,000) of syphilis infections among MSM in the US and Western Europe since 1998. Disparities in the syphilis trends among MSM were also noted, with greater increases observed among HIV-positive MSM than HIV-negative MSM in both the US and Western Europe. In the US, racial minority MSM and MSM between 20 and 29 years accounted for the greatest increases in syphilis infections over time whereas White MSM accounted for most syphilis infections over time in Western Europe. Multiple strategies, including strengthening and targeting current syphilis screening and testing programs, and the prompt treatment of syphilis cases are warranted to address the increase in syphilis infections among all MSM in the US and Western Europe, but particularly among HIV-infected MSM, racial minority MSM, and young MSM in the US. C1 [Abara, Winston E.; Hess, Kristen L.; Paz-Bailey, Gabriela] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV Hepatitis STD & TB Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Fanfair, Robyn Neblett; Bernstein, Kyle T.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div STD Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV Hepatitis STD & TB Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Abara, WE (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV Hepatitis STD & TB Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM wabara@cdc.gov NR 72 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 5 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JUL 22 PY 2016 VL 11 IS 7 AR e0159309 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0159309 PG 19 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA DS5CT UT WOS:000380799000016 PM 27447943 ER PT J AU Thienkrua, W Todd, CS Chonwattana, W Wimonsate, W Chaikummao, S Varangrat, A Chitwarakorn, A van Griensven, F Holtz, TH AF Thienkrua, Warunee Todd, Catherine S. Chonwattana, Wannee Wimonsate, Wipas Chaikummao, Supaporn Varangrat, Anchalee Chitwarakorn, Anupong van Griensven, Frits Holtz, Timothy H. TI Incidence of and temporal relationships between HIV, herpes simplex II virus, and syphilis among men who have sex with men in Bangkok, Thailand: an observational cohort SO BMC INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article DE HIV incidence; Men who have sex with men; Thailand; HSV-2 incidence; Syphilis incidence ID SEXUALLY-TRANSMITTED-DISEASES; HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; BUENOS-AIRES COHORT; TYPE-2 INFECTION; ACQUISITION; PREVALENCE; RISK; MSM; TRANSMISSION; SEROCONVERSION AB Background: High HIV incidence has been detected among men who have sex with men (MSM) in Thailand, but the relationship and timing of HIV, herpes simplex virus 2 (HSV-2), and syphilis is unknown. This analysis measures incidence, temporal relationships, and risk factors for HIV, HSV-2, and syphilis among at-risk MSM in the Bangkok MSM Cohort Study. Methods: Between April 2006 and December 2010, 960 men negative for HIV, HSV-2, and syphilis at entry enrolled and contributed 12-60 months of follow-up data. Behavioral questionnaires were administered at each visit; testing for HIV antibody was performed at each visit, while testing for syphilis and HSV-2 were performed at 12 month intervals. We calculated HIV, HSV-2, and syphilis incidence, assessed risk factors with complementary log-log regression, and among co-infected men, measured temporal relationships between infections with Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and paired t-test. Results: The total number of infections and incidence density for HIV, HSV-2, and syphilis were 159 infections and 4.7 cases/100 PY (95% Confidence Interval (CI): 4.0-5.4), 128 infections and 4.5/100 PY (95% CI: 3.9-5.5), and 65 infections and 1.9/100 PY (95% CI: 1.5-2.5), respectively. Among men acquiring >1 infection during the cohort period, mean time to HIV and HSV-2 infection was similar (2.5 vs. 2.9 years; p = 0.24), while syphilis occurred significantly later following HIV (4.0 vs. 2.8 years, p < 0.01) or HSV-2 (3.8 vs. 2.8 years, p = 0.04) infection. The strongest independent predictor of any single infection in adjusted analysis was acquisition of another infection; risk of syphilis (Adjusted Hazards Ratio (AHR) = 3.49, 95% CI: 1.89-6.42) or HIV (AHR = 2.26, 95% CI: 1.47-3.48) acquisition during the cohort was significantly higher among men with incident HSV-2 infection. No single independent behavioral factor was common to HIV, HSV-2, and syphilis acquisition. Conclusion: HIV and HSV-2 incidence was high among this Thai MSM cohort. However, acquisition of HIV and co-infection with either HSV-2 or syphilis was low during the time frame men were in the cohort. Evaluation of behavioral risk factors for these infections suggests different risks and possible different networks. C1 [Thienkrua, Warunee; Chonwattana, Wannee; Wimonsate, Wipas; Chaikummao, Supaporn; Varangrat, Anchalee; Holtz, Timothy H.] Thailand Minist Publ Hlth, HIV STD Res Program, US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent Collaborat, Minist Publ Hlth, DDC 7 Bldg,4th Floor,Soi 4, Nonthaburi 11000, Thailand. [Todd, Catherine S.] FHI 360, Asia Pacific Reg Off, 9th Floor,Tower 3,Sindhorn Bldg, Bangkok 10330, Thailand. [Chitwarakorn, Anupong] Dept Dis Control, DDC 7 Bldg,1st Floor Minist Public Hlth, Nonthaburi 11000, Thailand. [van Griensven, Frits] Thai Red Cross HIV Res Ctr, 104 Rajdamri Rd, Bangkok 10330, Thailand. [van Griensven, Frits] Univ Calif San Francisco, Sch Med, Div Prevent Med & Publ Hlth, 50 Beale St,Ste 1200, San Francisco, CA 94105 USA. [Holtz, Timothy H.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. RP Todd, CS (reprint author), FHI 360, Asia Pacific Reg Off, 9th Floor,Tower 3,Sindhorn Bldg, Bangkok 10330, Thailand. EM ctodd@fhi360.org FU U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX This work was supported by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 36 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2334 J9 BMC INFECT DIS JI BMC Infect. Dis. PD JUL 22 PY 2016 VL 16 AR 340 DI 10.1186/s12879-016-1667-z PG 11 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA DS6LF UT WOS:000380892600001 PM 27449012 ER PT J AU Goldstein, RER Cruz-Cano, R Jiang, CS Palmer, A Blythe, D Ryan, P Hogan, B White, B Dunn, JR Libby, T Tobin-D'Angelo, M Huang, JY McGuire, S Scherzinger, K Lee, MLT Sapkota, AR AF Goldstein, Rachel E. Rosenberg Cruz-Cano, Raul Jiang, Chengsheng Palmer, Amanda Blythe, David Ryan, Patricia Hogan, Brenna White, Benjamin Dunn, John R. Libby, Tanya Tobin-D'Angelo, Melissa Huang, Jennifer Y. McGuire, Suzanne Scherzinger, Karen Lee, Mei-Ling Ting Sapkota, Amy R. TI Association between community socioeconomic factors, animal feeding operations, and campylobacteriosis incidence rates: Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network (FoodNet), 2004-2010 SO BMC INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Campylobacter; FoodNet; Community socioeconomic and environmental factors; Broiler chicken; Dairy ID RISK-FACTORS; UNITED-STATES; DAIRY HERDS; HEALTH-CARE; INFECTION; POPULATIONS; PREVALENCE; PATHOGENS; SITES; EPIDEMIOLOGY AB Background: Campylobacter is a leading cause of foodborne illness in the United States. Campylobacter infections have been associated with individual risk factors, such as the consumption of poultry and raw milk. Recently, a Maryland-based study identified community socioeconomic and environmental factors that are also associated with campylobacteriosis rates. However, no previous studies have evaluated the association between community risk factors and campylobacteriosis rates across multiple U.S. states. Methods: We obtained Campylobacter case data (2004-2010; n = 40,768) from the Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network (FoodNet) and socioeconomic and environmental data from the 2010 Census of Population and Housing, the 2011 American Community Survey, and the 2007 U.S. Census of Agriculture. We linked data by zip code and derived incidence rate ratios using negative binomial regression models. Results: Community socioeconomic and environmental factors were associated with both lower and higher campylobacteriosis rates. Zip codes with higher percentages of African Americans had lower rates of campylobacteriosis (incidence rate ratio [IRR]) = 0.972; 95 % confidence interval (CI) = 0.970,0.974). In Georgia, Maryland, and Tennessee, three leading broiler chicken producing states, zip codes with broiler operations had incidence rates that were 22 % (IRR = 1.22; 95 % CI = 1.03,1.43), 16 % (IRR = 1.16; 95 % CI = 0.99,1.37), and 35 % (IRR = 1.35; 95 % CI = 1.18,1.53) higher, respectively, than those of zip codes without broiler operations. In Minnesota and New York FoodNet counties, two top dairy producing areas, zip codes with dairy operations had significantly higher campylobacteriosis incidence rates (IRR = 1.37; 95 % CI = 1.22, 1.55; IRR = 1.19; 95 % CI = 1.04,1.36). Conclusions: Community socioeconomic and environmental factors are important to consider when evaluating the relationship between possible risk factors and Campylobacter infection. C1 [Goldstein, Rachel E. Rosenberg; Jiang, Chengsheng; Sapkota, Amy R.] Univ Maryland, Sch Publ Hlth, Maryland Inst Appl Environm Hlth, Sch Publ Hlth Bldg 255,4200 Valley Dr,Room 2234P, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Cruz-Cano, Raul; Lee, Mei-Ling Ting] Univ Maryland, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, Sch Publ Hlth, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Palmer, Amanda; Blythe, David; Ryan, Patricia; Hogan, Brenna] Maryland Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, Prevent & Hlth Promot Adm, Baltimore, MD USA. [White, Benjamin] Colorado Dept Publ Hlth & Environm, Emerging Infect Program, Dis Control & Environm Epidemiol Div, Denver, CO USA. [Dunn, John R.] Tennessee Dept Hlth, Communicable & Environm Dis Surveillance, Nashville, TN USA. [Libby, Tanya] Calif Emerging Infect Program, Oakland, CA USA. [Tobin-D'Angelo, Melissa] Georgia Dept Publ Hlth, Acute Dis Epidemiol Sect, Atlanta, GA USA. [Huang, Jennifer Y.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Infect Dis, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [McGuire, Suzanne] New York State Dept Hlth, Albany, NY USA. [Scherzinger, Karen] Univ New Mexico, New Mexico Emerging Infect Program, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. RP Sapkota, AR (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Sch Publ Hlth, Maryland Inst Appl Environm Hlth, Sch Publ Hlth Bldg 255,4200 Valley Dr,Room 2234P, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. EM ars@umd.edu FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) [5U50CK000316] FX This work was supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) [5U50CK000316]. The contents of this article are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of the CDC. NR 40 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 5 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2334 J9 BMC INFECT DIS JI BMC Infect. Dis. PD JUL 22 PY 2016 VL 16 AR 354 DI 10.1186/s12879-016-1686-9 PG 9 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA DS6HY UT WOS:000380884100001 ER PT J AU Frederick, J Saint Jean, Y Lemoine, JF Dotson, EM Mace, KE Chang, M Slutsker, L Le Menach, A Beier, JC Eisele, TP Okech, BA de Rochars, VMB Carter, KH Keating, J Impoinvil, DE AF Frederick, Joseph Saint Jean, Yvan Lemoine, Jean Frantz Dotson, Ellen M. Mace, Kimberly E. Chang, Michelle Slutsker, Laurence Le Menach, Arnaud Beier, John C. Eisele, Thomas P. Okech, Bernard A. de Rochars, Valery Madsen Beau Carter, Keith H. Keating, Joseph Impoinvil, Daniel E. TI Malaria vector research and control in Haiti: a systematic review SO MALARIA JOURNAL LA English DT Review DE Haiti; Malaria; Anopheles; Vector control ID PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM MALARIA; ULV AERIAL APPLICATION; ENTOMOLOGICAL INOCULATION RATES; DICHLORVOS RESIDUAL FUMIGANT; ANOPHELES-ALBIMANUS DIPTERA; IMPREGNATED BED NETS; SUGAR BAIT ATSB; ERADICATION TECHNIQUE; ARTIBONITE VALLEY; FIELD-EVALUATION AB Background: Haiti has a set a target of eliminating malaria by 2020. However, information on malaria vector research in Haiti is not well known. This paper presents results from a systematic review of the literature on malaria vector research, bionomics and control in Haiti. Methods: A systematic search of literature published in French, Spanish and English languages was conducted in 2015 using Pubmed (MEDLINE), Google Scholar, EMBASE, JSTOR WHOLIS and Web of Science databases as well other grey literature sources such as USAID, and PAHO. The following search terms were used: malaria, Haiti, Anopheles, and vector control. Results: A total of 132 references were identified with 40 high quality references deemed relevant and included in this review. Six references dealt with mosquito distribution, seven with larval mosquito ecology, 16 with adult mosquito ecology, three with entomological indicators of malaria transmission, eight with insecticide resistance, one with sero-epidemiology and 16 with vector control. In the last 15 years (2000-2015), there have only been four published papers and three-scientific meeting abstracts on entomology for malaria in Haiti. Overall, the general literature on malaria vector research in Haiti is limited and dated. Discussion: Entomological information generated from past studies in Haiti will contribute to the development of strategies to achieve malaria elimination on Hispaniola. However it is of paramount importance that malaria vector research in Haiti is updated to inform decision-making for vector control strategies in support of malaria elimination. C1 [Frederick, Joseph; Saint Jean, Yvan; Lemoine, Jean Frantz] Programme Natl Controle Malaria, Port Au Prince, Haiti. [Dotson, Ellen M.; Mace, Kimberly E.; Chang, Michelle; Slutsker, Laurence; Impoinvil, Daniel E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Le Menach, Arnaud] Clinton Hlth Access Initiat, Boston, MA USA. [Beier, John C.] Univ Miami, Miller Sch Med, Dept Publ Hlth Sci, Div Environm & Publ Hlth, Miami, FL 33136 USA. [Eisele, Thomas P.; Keating, Joseph] Tulane Sch Publ Hlth & Trop Med, Dept Trop Med, Ctr Appl Malaria Res & Evaluat, New Orleans, LA USA. [Okech, Bernard A.] Emerging Pathogens Inst, Coll Publ Hlth & Hlth Profess, Dept Environm & Global Hlth, Gainesville, FL USA. [de Rochars, Valery Madsen Beau] Emerging Pathogens Inst, Coll Publ Hlth & Hlth Profess, Dept Hlth Serv Res Management & Policy, Gainesville, FL USA. [de Rochars, Valery Madsen Beau] Carter Ctr, Atlanta, GA USA. [Carter, Keith H.] World Hlth Org, Pan Amer Hlth Org, Dept Communicable Dis & Hlth Anal, Washington, DC USA. RP Impoinvil, DE (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM dimpoinvil@cdc.gov FU Health Systems Reconstruction Team; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC); Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation FX This study was financially supported by the Health Systems Reconstruction Team, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation. NR 99 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 11 U2 20 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1475-2875 J9 MALARIA J JI Malar. J. PD JUL 22 PY 2016 VL 15 AR 376 DI 10.1186/s12936-016-1436-x PG 17 WC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine SC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine GA DR7TE UT WOS:000380101800001 PM 27443992 ER PT J AU Poirot, E Soble, A Ntshalintshali, N Mwandemele, A Mkhonta, N Malambe, C Vilakati, S Pan, S Darteh, S Maphalala, G Brown, J Hwang, J Pace, C Stergachis, A Vittinghoff, E Kunene, S Gosling, R AF Poirot, Eugenie Soble, Adam Ntshalintshali, Nyasatu Mwandemele, Asen Mkhonta, Nomcebo Malambe, Calisile Vilakati, Sibonakaliso Pan, Sisi Darteh, Sarah Maphalala, Gugu Brown, Joelle Hwang, Jimee Pace, Cheryl Stergachis, Andy Vittinghoff, Eric Kunene, Simon Gosling, Roland TI Development of a pharmacovigilance safety monitoring tool for the rollout of single low-dose primaquine and artemether-lumefantrine to treat Plasmodium falciparum infections in Swaziland: a pilot study SO MALARIA JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Elimination; Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency; G6PD; Malaria; Pharmacovigilance; Plasmodium falciparum; Primaquine; Safety ID ANTIMALARIAL TREATMENT; G6PD DEFICIENCY; MALARIA; TRANSMISSION; GAMETOCYTOCIDE; ELIMINATION; ARTESUNATE; HEMOLYSIS; AFRICA; IMPACT AB Background: Countries remain reluctant to adopt the 2012 World Health Organization recommendation for single low-dose (0.25 mg/kg) primaquine (SLD PQ) for Plasmodium falciparum transmission-blocking due to concerns over drug-related haemolysis risk, especially among glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase-deficient (G6PDd) people, without evidence demonstrating that it can be safely deployed in their settings. Pharmacovigilance methods provide a systematic way of collecting safety data and supporting the rollout of SLD PQ. Methods: The Primaquine Roll Out Monitoring Pharmacovigilance Tool (PROMPT), comprising: (1) a standardized form to support the surveillance of possible adverse events following SLD PQ treatment; (2) a patient information card to enhance awareness of known adverse drug reactions of SLD PQ use; and (3) a database compiling recorded information, was developed and piloted. Data on patient characteristics, malaria diagnosis and treatment are collected. Blood samples are taken to measure haemoglobin (Hb) and test for G6PD deficiency. Active follow-up includes a repeat Hb measurement and adverse event monitoring on or near day 7. A 13-month prospective pilot study in two hospital facilities in Swaziland alongside the introduction of SLD PQ generated preliminary evidence on the feasibility and acceptability of PROMPT. Results: PROMPT was well received by nurses as a simple, pragmatic approach to active surveillance of SLD PQ safety data. Of the 102 patients enrolled and administered SLD PQ, none were G6PDd. 93 (91.2 %) returned on or near day 7 for follow-up. Four (4.6 %) patients had falls in Hb >= 25 % from baseline, none of whom presented with signs or symptoms of anaemia. No patient's Hb fell below 7 g/dL and none required a blood transfusion. Of the 11 (11 %) patients who reported an adverse event over the study period, three were considered serious and included two deaths and one hospitalization; none were causally related to SLD PQ. Four non-serious adverse events were considered definitely, probably, or possibly related to SLD PQ. Conclusion: Improved pharmacovigilance to monitor and promote the safety of the WHO recommendation is needed. The successful application of PROMPT demonstrates its potential as an important tool to rapidly generate locally acquired safety data and support pharmacovigilance in resource-limited settings. C1 [Poirot, Eugenie; Brown, Joelle; Hwang, Jimee; Gosling, Roland] Univ Calif San Francisco, Global Hlth Grp, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Poirot, Eugenie; Brown, Joelle; Vittinghoff, Eric; Gosling, Roland] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Soble, Adam; Ntshalintshali, Nyasatu; Pan, Sisi] Clinton Hlth Access Initiat, Mbabane, Swaziland. [Mwandemele, Asen] Univ Namibia, Windhoek, Namibia. [Mkhonta, Nomcebo; Malambe, Calisile; Vilakati, Sibonakaliso; Kunene, Simon] Natl Malaria Control Programme, Manzini, Swaziland. [Darteh, Sarah] Int Ctr AIDS Care & Treatment Programs, Mbabane, Swaziland. [Maphalala, Gugu] Swaziland Hlth Lab Serv, Mbabane, Swaziland. [Hwang, Jimee] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Malaria Branch, Presidents Malaria Initiat, Atlanta, GA USA. [Pace, Cheryl] Univ Liverpool Liverpool Sch Trop Med, Liverpool, Merseyside, England. [Stergachis, Andy] Univ Washington, Sch Pharm, Dept Pharm, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Stergachis, Andy] Univ Washington, Sch Pharm, Dept Global Hlth, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Stergachis, Andy] Univ Washington, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Pharm, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Stergachis, Andy] Univ Washington, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Global Hlth, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Poirot, E (reprint author), Univ Calif San Francisco, Global Hlth Grp, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. EM Eugenie.Poirot@ucsf.edu FU Malaria Elimination Initiative at the Global Health Group of the University of California, San Francisco; Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation [OPP1013170]; U.S. President's Malaria Initiative FX This project was funded by the Malaria Elimination Initiative at the Global Health Group of the University of California, San Francisco. The work of the Malaria Elimination Initiative at the Global Health Group of the University of California, San Francisco is supported by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation (OPP1013170). JH receives salary support from the U.S. President's Malaria Initiative. NR 26 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1475-2875 J9 MALARIA J JI Malar. J. PD JUL 22 PY 2016 VL 15 AR 384 DI 10.1186/s12936-016-1410-7 PG 12 WC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine SC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine GA DR7TE UT WOS:000380101800009 PM 27450652 ER PT J AU Kripke, K Njeuhmeli, E Samuelson, J Schnure, M Dalal, S Farley, T Hankins, C Thomas, AG Reed, J Stegman, P Bock, N AF Kripke, Katharine Njeuhmeli, Emmanuel Samuelson, Julia Schnure, Melissa Dalal, Shona Farley, Timothy Hankins, Catherine Thomas, Anne G. Reed, Jason Stegman, Peter Bock, Naomi TI Assessing Progress, Impact, and Next Steps in Rolling Out Voluntary Medical Male Circumcision for HIV Prevention in 14 Priority Countries in Eastern and Southern Africa through 2014 SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID COSTS AB Background In 2007, the World Health Organization and the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS) identified 14 priority countries across eastern and southern Africa for scaling up voluntary medical male circumcision (VMMC) services. Several years into this effort, we reflect on progress. Methods Using the Decision Makers' Program Planning Tool (DMPPT) 2.1, we assessed age-specific impact, cost-effectiveness, and coverage attributable to circumcisions performed through 2014. We also compared impact of actual progress to that of achieving 80% coverage among men ages 15-49 in 12 VMMC priority countries and Nyanza Province, Kenya. We populated the models with age-disaggregated VMMC service statistics and with population, mortality, and HIV incidence and prevalence projections exported from country-specific Spectrum/Goals files. We assumed each country achieved UNAIDS' 90-90-90 treatment targets. Results More than 9 million VMMCs were conducted through 2014: 43% of the estimated 20.9 million VMMCs required to reach 80% coverage by the end of 2015. The model assumed each country reaches the UNAIDS targets, and projected that VMMCs conducted through 2014 will avert 240,000 infections by the end of 2025, compared to 1.1 million if each country had reached 80% coverage by the end of 2015. The median estimated cost per HIV infection averted was $4,400. Nyanza Province in Kenya, the 11 priority regions in Tanzania, and Uganda have reached or are approaching MC coverage targets among males ages 15-24, while coverage in other age groups is lower. Across all countries modeled, more than half of the projected HIV infections averted were attributable to circumcising 10- to 19-year-olds. Conclusions The priority countries have made considerable progress in VMMC scale-up, and VMMC remains a cost-effective strategy for epidemic impact, even assuming near-universal HIV diagnosis, treatment coverage, and viral suppression. Examining circumcision coverage by five-year age groups will inform countries' decisions about next steps. C1 [Kripke, Katharine; Stegman, Peter] Avenir Hlth, Project SOAR, Washington, DC USA. [Njeuhmeli, Emmanuel] US Agcy Int Dev, Washington, DC USA. [Samuelson, Julia; Dalal, Shona] WHO, Geneva, Switzerland. [Schnure, Melissa] Project SOAR, Palladium Grp, Washington, DC USA. [Farley, Timothy] Sigma3 Serv, Nyon, Switzerland. [Hankins, Catherine] Amsterdam Inst Global Hlth & Dev, Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Thomas, Anne G.] US Dept Def, Naval Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA USA. [Reed, Jason] Jhpiego, Washington, DC USA. [Bock, Naomi] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Njeuhmeli, E (reprint author), US Agcy Int Dev, Washington, DC USA. EM enjeuhmeli@usaid.gov FU American people through the United States President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR); United States Agency for International Development (USAID) [AID-OAA-14-00026, AIDOAA-A-14-00046] FX This manuscript is made possible by the generous support of the American people through the United States President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) with the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) under the Cooperative Agreement Project SOAR(Supporting Operational AIDS Research), number AID-OAA-14-00026, and Cooperative Agreement Strengthening High Impact Interventions for an AIDS-free Generation, number AIDOAA-A-14-00046. The information provided does not necessarily reflect the official position of USAID, PEPFAR, WHO, CDC, DoD, or the United States Government, and the contents of this article are the sole responsibility of Projects SOAR and AIDSFree, the Population Council, and the authors. E. Njeuhmeli played a substantial role in study design and manuscript preparation. NR 37 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JUL 21 PY 2016 VL 11 IS 7 AR e0158767 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0158767 PG 17 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA DS5CG UT WOS:000380797500024 PM 27441648 ER PT J AU Mazinyo, EW Kim, L Masuku, S Lancaster, JL Odendaal, R Uys, M Podewils, LJ Van der Walt, ML AF Mazinyo, Ernesha Webb Kim, Lindsay Masuku, Sikhethiwe Lancaster, Joey L. Odendaal, Ronel Uys, Margot Podewils, Laura Jean Van der Walt, Martie L. TI Adherence to Concurrent Tuberculosis Treatment and Antiretroviral Treatment among Co-Infected Persons in South Africa, 2008-2010 SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID INTEGRATED TUBERCULOSIS; DRUG-RESISTANCE; HIV TREATMENT; HEALTH-CARE; THERAPY; TB; MEDICATION; NONADHERENCE; PROJECT; PATIENT AB Background Adherence to tuberculosis (TB) treatment and antiretroviral therapy (ART) reduces morbidity and mortality among persons co-infected with TB/HIV. We measured adherence and determined factors associated with non-adherence to concurrent TB treatment and ART among co-infected persons in two provinces in South Africa. Methods A convenience sample of 35 clinics providing integrated TB/HIV care was included due to financial and logistic considerations. Retrospective chart reviews were conducted among persons who received concurrent TB treatment and ART and who had a TB treatment outcome recorded during 1 January 2008-31 December 2010. Adherence to concurrent TB and HIV treatment was defined as: (1) taking >= 80% of TB prescribed doses by directly observed therapy (DOT) as noted in the patient card; and (2) taking >90% ART doses as documented in the ART medical record during the concurrent treatment period (period of time when the patient was prescribed both TB treatment and ART). Risk ratios (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to identify factors associated with non-adherence. Results Of the 1,252 persons receiving concurrent treatment, 138 (11.0%) were not adherent. Non-adherent persons were more likely to have extrapulmonary TB (RR: 1.71, 95% CI: 1.12 to 2.60) and had not disclosed their HIV status (RR: 1.96, 95% CI: 1.96 to 3.76). Conclusions The majority of persons with TB/HIV were adherent to concurrent treatment. Close monitoring and support of persons with extrapulmonary TB and for persons who have not disclosed their HIV status may further improve adherence to concurrent TB and antiretroviral treatment. C1 [Mazinyo, Ernesha Webb; Uys, Margot] THATSIT, Johannesburg, South Africa. [Mazinyo, Ernesha Webb; Uys, Margot] Fdn Profess Dev, Pretoria, South Africa. [Kim, Lindsay] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA USA. [Kim, Lindsay; Podewils, Laura Jean] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div TB Eliminat, Atlanta, GA USA. [Masuku, Sikhethiwe; Lancaster, Joey L.; Odendaal, Ronel; Van der Walt, Martie L.] South African Med Res Council, TB Epidemiol & Intervent Res Unit, Pretoria, South Africa. RP Mazinyo, EW (reprint author), THATSIT, Johannesburg, South Africa.; Mazinyo, EW (reprint author), Fdn Profess Dev, Pretoria, South Africa. EM ErneshaM@Foundation.co.za FU Foundation for Professional Development; South African Medical Research Council [5 U51 PS000729-05, PA PS07-006] FX Funding sources included support from the Foundation for Professional Development and the South African Medical Research Council (Cooperative Agreement 5 U51 PS000729-05, PA PS07-006). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 42 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JUL 21 PY 2016 VL 11 IS 7 AR e0159317 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0159317 PG 13 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA DS5CG UT WOS:000380797500051 ER PT J AU Peters, PJ Pontones, P Hoover, KW Patel, MR Galang, RR Shields, J Blosser, SJ Spiller, MW Combs, B Switzer, WM Conrad, C Gentry, J Khudyakov, Y Waterhouse, D Owen, SM Chapman, E Roseberry, JC McCants, V Weidle, PJ Broz, D Samandari, T Mermin, J Walthall, J Brooks, JT Duwve, JM AF Peters, Philip J. Pontones, Pamela Hoover, Karen W. Patel, Monita R. Galang, Romeo R. Shields, Jessica Blosser, Sara J. Spiller, Michael W. Combs, Brittany Switzer, William M. Conrad, Caitlin Gentry, Jessica Khudyakov, Yury Waterhouse, Dorothy Owen, S. Michele Chapman, Erika Roseberry, Jeremy C. McCants, Veronica Weidle, Paul J. Broz, Dita Samandari, Taraz Mermin, Jonathan Walthall, Jennifer Brooks, John T. Duwve, Joan M. CA Indiana HIV Outbreak Investigation TI HIV Infection Linked to Injection Use of Oxymorphone in Indiana, 2014-2015 SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID C VIRUS-INFECTION; UNITED-STATES; YOUNG-ADULTS; RISK BEHAVIORS; HEROIN USE; DRUG USE; NEW-YORK; EPIDEMIC; TRANSMISSION; METAANALYSIS AB BACKGROUND In January 2015, a total of 11 new diagnoses of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection were reported in a small community in Indiana. We investigated the extent and cause of the outbreak and implemented control measures. METHODS We identified an outbreak-related case as laboratory-confirmed HIV infection newly diagnosed after October 1, 2014, in a person who either resided in Scott County, Indiana, or was named by another case patient as a syringe-sharing or sexual partner. HIV polymerase (pol) sequences from case patients were phylogenetically analyzed, and potential risk factors associated with HIV infection were ascertained. RESULTS From November 18, 2014, to November 1, 2015, HIV infection was diagnosed in 181 case patients. Most of these patients (87.8%) reported having injected the extended-release formulation of the prescription opioid oxymorphone, and 92.3% were coinfected with hepatitis C virus. Among 159 case patients who had an HIV type 1 pol gene sequence, 157 (98.7%) had sequences that were highly related, as determined by phylogenetic analyses. Contact tracing investigations led to the identification of 536 persons who were named as contacts of case patients; 468 of these contacts (87.3%) were located, assessed for risk, tested for HIV, and, if infected, linked to care. The number of times a contact was named as a syringe-sharing partner by a case patient was significantly associated with the risk of HIV infection (adjusted risk ratio for each time named, 1.9; P< 0.001). In response to this outbreak, a public health emergency was declared on March 26, 2015, and a syringe-service program in Indiana was established for the first time. CONCLUSIONS Injection-drug use of extended-release oxymorphone within a network of persons who inject drugs in Indiana led to the introduction and rapid transmission of HIV. ( Funded by the state government of Indiana and others.) C1 [Peters, Philip J.; Hoover, Karen W.; Patel, Monita R.; Galang, Romeo R.; Spiller, Michael W.; Switzer, William M.; Khudyakov, Yury; Owen, S. Michele; McCants, Veronica; Weidle, Paul J.; Broz, Dita; Samandari, Taraz; Mermin, Jonathan; Brooks, John T.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Pontones, Pamela; Blosser, Sara J.; Conrad, Caitlin; Gentry, Jessica; Chapman, Erika; Roseberry, Jeremy C.; Walthall, Jennifer; Duwve, Joan M.] Indiana Univ Sch Med, Indiana State Dept Hlth, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA. [Duwve, Joan M.] Indiana Univ, Richard M Fairbanks Sch Publ Hlth, Indianapolis, IN 46204 USA. [Shields, Jessica; Waterhouse, Dorothy] Clark Cty Hlth Dept, Jeffersonville, IN USA. [Combs, Brittany] Scott Cty Hlth Dept, Scottsburg, IN USA. RP Peters, PJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, HIV Testing & Biomed Intervent Act, Epidemiol Branch, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop E-45, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM pjpeters@cdc.gov FU state government of Indiana; Scott and Clark County Health Departments; Department of Health and Human Services FX Supported (financially and in kind) by the state government of Indiana, the Scott and Clark County Health Departments, and the Department of Health and Human Services. NR 32 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 2 PU MASSACHUSETTS MEDICAL SOC PI WALTHAM PA WALTHAM WOODS CENTER, 860 WINTER ST,, WALTHAM, MA 02451-1413 USA SN 0028-4793 EI 1533-4406 J9 NEW ENGL J MED JI N. Engl. J. Med. PD JUL 21 PY 2016 VL 375 IS 3 BP 229 EP 239 DI 10.1056/NEJMoa1515195 PG 11 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA DS0ZL UT WOS:000380325400006 PM 27468059 ER PT J AU Petersen, LR Jamieson, DJ Honein, MA AF Petersen, Lyle R. Jamieson, Denise J. Honein, Margaret A. TI Zika Virus REPLY SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Letter C1 [Petersen, Lyle R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Jamieson, Denise J.; Honein, Margaret A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Petersen, LR (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM lxp2@cdc.gov NR 4 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 2 PU MASSACHUSETTS MEDICAL SOC PI WALTHAM PA WALTHAM WOODS CENTER, 860 WINTER ST,, WALTHAM, MA 02451-1413 USA SN 0028-4793 EI 1533-4406 J9 NEW ENGL J MED JI N. Engl. J. Med. PD JUL 21 PY 2016 VL 375 IS 3 BP 294 EP 295 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA DS0ZL UT WOS:000380325400033 PM 27355409 ER PT J AU Taylor, MM Nurse-Findlay, S Zhang, XL Hedman, L Kamb, ML Broutet, N Kiarie, J AF Taylor, Melanie M. Nurse-Findlay, Stephen Zhang, Xiulei Hedman, Lisa Kamb, Mary L. Broutet, Nathalie Kiarie, James TI Estimating Benzathine Penicillin Need for the Treatment of Pregnant Women Diagnosed with Syphilis during Antenatal Care in High-Morbidity Countries SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID CONGENITAL-SYPHILIS; AZITHROMYCIN AB Background Congenital syphilis continues to be a preventable cause of global stillbirth and neonatal morbidity and mortality. Shortages of injectable penicillin, the only recommended treatment for pregnant women and infants with syphilis, have been reported by high-morbidity countries. We sought to estimate current and projected annual needs for benzathine penicillin in antenatal care settings for 30 high morbidity countries that account for approximately 33% of the global burden of congenital syphilis. Methods Proportions of antenatal care attendance, syphilis screening coverage in pregnancy, syphilis prevalence among pregnant women, and adverse pregnancy outcomes due to untreated maternal syphilis reported to WHO were applied to 2012 birth estimates for 30 high syphilis burden countries to estimate current and projected benzathine penicillin need for prevention of congenital syphilis. Results Using current antenatal care syphilis screening coverage and seroprevalence, we estimated the total number of women requiring treatment with at least one injection of 2.4 MU of benzathine penicillin in these 30 countries to be 351,016. Syphilis screening coverage at or above 95% for all 30 countries would increase the number of women requiring treatment with benzathine penicillin to 712,030. Based on WHO management guidelines, 351,016 doses of weight-based benzathine penicillin would also be needed for the live-born infants of mothers who test positive and are treated for syphilis in pregnancy. Assuming availability of penicillin and provision of treatment for all mothers diagnosed with syphilis, an estimated 95,938 adverse birth outcomes overall would be prevented including 37,822 stillbirths, 15,814 neonatal deaths, and 34,088 other congenital syphilis cases. Conclusion Penicillin need for maternal and infant syphilis treatment is high among this group of syphilis burdened countries. Initiatives to ensure a stable and adequate supply of benzathine penicillin for treatment of maternal syphilis are important for congenital syphilis prevention, and will be increasingly critical in the future as more countries move toward elimination targets. C1 [Taylor, Melanie M.; Kamb, Mary L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div STD Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Taylor, Melanie M.; Nurse-Findlay, Stephen; Broutet, Nathalie; Kiarie, James] WHO, Dept Reprod Hlth, Geneva, Switzerland. [Zhang, Xiulei; Hedman, Lisa] WHO, Dept Essential Med & Hlth Prod, Geneva, Switzerland. [Zhang, Xiulei] Shandong Prov Chest Hosp, Ctr TB Control, Jinan, Peoples R China. RP Taylor, MM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div STD Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA.; Taylor, MM (reprint author), WHO, Dept Reprod Hlth, Geneva, Switzerland. EM mtaylor@who.int NR 28 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 4 U2 4 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JUL 19 PY 2016 VL 11 IS 7 AR e0159483 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0159483 PG 15 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA DR8TG UT WOS:000380169600055 PM 27434236 ER PT J AU Habib, MA Soofi, S Mach, O Samejo, T Alam, D Bhatti, Z Weldon, WC Oberste, SM Sutter, R Bhutta, ZA AF Habib, Muhammad Atif Soofi, Sajid Mach, Ondrej Samejo, Tariq Alam, Didar Bhatti, Zaid Weldon, William C. Oberste, Steven M. Sutter, Roland Bhutta, Zulfiqar A. TI Effect of booster doses of poliovirus vaccine in previously vaccinated children, Clinical Trial Results 2013 SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Polio virus vaccine; Injectable polio vaccine; Immunity; Seroconversion; Seroprevalence; Pakistan ID RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; ERADICATION; INFANTS; IMMUNOGENICITY; BANGLADESH; IMMUNITY; ENDGAME; INDIA AB Background: Considering the current polio situation Pakistan needs vaccine combinations to reach maximum population level immunity. The trial assessed whether inactivated poliovirus vaccine (IPV) can be used to rapidly boost immunity among children in Pakistan. Methods: A five-arm randomized clinical trial was conducted among children (6-24 months, 5-6 years and 10-11 years). Children were randomized in four intervention arms as per the vaccines they received (bOPV, IPV, bOPV + vitamin A, and bOPV + IPV) and a control arm which did not receive any vaccine. Baseline seroprevalence of poliovirus antibodies and serological immune response 28 days after intervention were assessed. Results: The baseline seroprevalence was high for all serotypes and the three age groups [PV1: 97%, 100%, 96%, PV2: 86%, 100%, 99%, PV3: 83%, 95%, 87% for the three age groups respectively]. There was significantly higher rate of immune response observed in the study arms which included IPV (95-99%) compared with bOPV only arms (11-43%), [p < 0.001]; Vitamin A was not associated with improved immune response. Immune response rates in the IPV only arm and IPV + bOPV arm were similar [p > 0.5]. Conclusion: IPV has shown the ability to efficiently close existing immunity gaps in a vulnerable population of children in rural Pakistan. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Habib, Muhammad Atif; Soofi, Sajid; Samejo, Tariq; Alam, Didar; Bhatti, Zaid; Bhutta, Zulfiqar A.] Aga Khan Univ, Div Women & Child Hlth, Karachi, Pakistan. [Mach, Ondrej; Sutter, Roland] World Hlth Org, Polio Eradicat Dept, Geneva, Switzerland. [Weldon, William C.; Oberste, Steven M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Polio & Picornavirus Lab Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Bhutta, ZA (reprint author), Aga Khan Univ, Ctr Excellence Women & Child Hlth, Karachi 74800, Pakistan. EM Zulfiqar.bhutta@aku.edu FU World Health Organization, Geneva FX Funding for this study was provided by the World Health Organization, Geneva. NR 25 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X EI 1873-2518 J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD JUL 19 PY 2016 VL 34 IS 33 BP 3803 EP 3809 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2016.05.065 PG 7 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA DS1XN UT WOS:000380418600016 PM 27269054 ER PT J AU Shah, MP Briggs-Hagen, M Chinkhumba, J Bauleni, A Chalira, A Moyo, D Dodoli, W Luhanga, M Sande, J Ali, D Gutman, J Mathanga, DP Lindblade, KA AF Shah, Monica P. Briggs-Hagen, Melissa Chinkhumba, Jobiba Bauleni, Andy Chalira, Alfred Moyo, Dubulao Dodoli, Wilfred Luhanga, Misheck Sande, John Ali, Doreen Gutman, Julie Mathanga, Don P. Lindblade, Kim A. TI Adherence to national guidelines for the diagnosis and management of severe malaria: a nationwide, cross-sectional survey in Malawi, 2012 SO MALARIA JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Severe malaria; Case management; Diagnosis; Treatment; Malawi ID RANDOMIZED-TRIAL; TESTS; MORTALITY; TANZANIA; CHILDREN; AGE AB Background: Severe malaria has a case fatality rate of 10-20 %; however, few studies have addressed the quality of severe malaria case management. This study evaluated the diagnostic and treatment practices of malaria patients admitted to inpatient health facilities (HF) in Malawi. Methods: In July-August 2012, a nationwide, cross-sectional survey of severe malaria management was conducted in 36 HFs selected with equal probability from all eligible public sector HFs in Malawi. Patient records from all admissions during October 2011 and April 2012 (low and high season, respectively) were screened for an admission diagnosis of malaria or prescription of any anti-malarial. Eligible records were stratified by age (< 5 or >= 5 years). A maximum of eight records was randomly selected within each age and month stratum. Severe malaria was defined by admission diagnosis or documentation of at least one sign or symptom of severe malaria. Treatment with intravenous (IV) quinine or artesunate was considered correct. Patients without documentation of severe malaria were analysed as uncomplicated malaria patients; treatment with an artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT) or oral quinine based on malaria test results was considered correct. All analyses accounted for HF level clustering and sampling weights. Results: The analysis included 906 records from 35 HFs. Among these, 42 % (95 % confidence interval [CI] 35-49) had a severe malaria admission diagnosis and 50 % (95 % CI 44-57) had at least one severe malaria sign or symptom documented. Severe malaria patients defined by admission diagnosis (93, 95 % CI 86-99) were more likely to be treated correctly compared to patients defined by a severe sign (82, 95 % CI 75-89) (p < 0.0001). Among uncomplicated malaria patients, 26 % (95 % CI 18-35) were correctly treated and 53 % (95 % CI 42-64) were adequately treated with IV quinine alone or in combination with an ACT or oral quinine. Conclusions: A majority of patients diagnosed with severe malaria received the recommended IV therapy in accordance with national treatment guidelines. However, the inconsistencies between diagnosis of severe malaria and documentation of severe signs and symptoms highlight the need to improve healthcare worker recognition and documentation of severe signs and symptoms. C1 [Shah, Monica P.; Briggs-Hagen, Melissa; Gutman, Julie; Lindblade, Kim A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Malaria Branch, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop A-06, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Chinkhumba, Jobiba; Bauleni, Andy; Mathanga, Don P.] Malawi Coll Med, Malaria Alert Ctr, Blantyre, Malawi. [Chalira, Alfred; Moyo, Dubulao; Luhanga, Misheck; Sande, John; Ali, Doreen] Malawi Minist Hlth, Natl Malaria Control Programme, Lilongwe, Malawi. [Dodoli, Wilfred] World Hlth Org, Lilongwe, Malawi. RP Shah, MP (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Malaria Branch, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop A-06, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM MShah2@cdc.gov FU US President's Malaria Initiative, US Agency for International Development; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC); CDC [5 U01 CI000189]; Malaria Alert Centre, College of Medicine [5 U01 CI000189] FX This work was supported by the US President's Malaria Initiative, US Agency for International Development, under the terms of an Interagency Agreement with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and through a Cooperative Agreement (Number 5 U01 CI000189) between the CDC and the Malaria Alert Centre, College of Medicine. The sponsor of the study had no role in study design, data collection, data analysis, data interpretation, or writing of the report. The corresponding author had full access to all of the data the study and had final responsibility for the decision to submit for publication. NR 21 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1475-2875 J9 MALARIA J JI Malar. J. PD JUL 19 PY 2016 VL 15 AR 369 DI 10.1186/s12936-016-1423-2 PG 11 WC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine SC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine GA DR3OY UT WOS:000379813700001 PM 27430311 ER PT J AU Ritchey, M Tsipas, S Loustalot, F Wozniak, G AF Ritchey, Matthew Tsipas, Stavros Loustalot, Fleetwood Wozniak, Gregory TI Use of Pharmacy Sales Data to Assess Changes in Prescription- and Payment-Related Factors that Promote Adherence to Medications Commonly Used to Treat Hypertension, 2009 and 2014 SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID BLOOD-PRESSURE CONTROL; UNITED-STATES; HEALTH-CARE; METAANALYSIS; OUTCOMES; TRENDS; ADULTS; THERAPIES; AGENTS; COSTS AB Background Effective hypertension management often necessitates patients' adherence to the blood pressure (BP)-lowering medication regimen they are prescribed. Patients' adherence to that regimen can be affected by prescription- and payment-related factors that are typically controlled by prescribers, filling pharmacies, pharmacy benefit managers, and/or patients' health insurance plans. This study describes patterns and changes from 2009 to 2014 in factors that the literature reports are associated with increased adherence to BP-lowering medication. Methods and Findings We use a robust source of United States prescription sales data-IMS Health's National Prescription Audit-to describe BP-lowering medication fill counts and spending in 2009 compared with 2014. Moreover, we describe patterns and changes in adherence-promoting factors across age groups, payment sources, and medication classes. From 2009 to 2014, the BP-lowering medication prescription fill count increased from 613.7 million to 653.0 million. Encouraging changes in adherence-promoting factors included: the share of generic fills increased from 82.5% to 95.0%; average days' supply per fill increased from 45.9 to 51.8 days; and average total (patient contribution) spending per years' supply decreased from $359 ($54) to $311 ($37). Possibly undesirable changes included: the percentage of fills for fixed-dose combinations decreased from 17.1% to 14.2% and acquired via mail order decreased from 10.7% to 8.2%. In 2014: 653.0 million fills occurred accounting for $28.81B in spending; adults aged 45-64 years had the highest percentage of fixed-dose combinations fills (16.9%); and fills with Medicaid as the payment source had the lowest average patient spending per fill ($1.19). Conclusions We identified both encouraging and possibly undesirable patterns and changes from 2009 to 2014 in factors that promote adherence to BP-lowering medications during this period. Continued tracking of these metrics using pharmacy sales data can help identify areas that can be addressed by clinical and policy interventions to improve adherence for medications commonly used to treat hypertension. C1 [Ritchey, Matthew; Loustalot, Fleetwood] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Heart Dis & Stroke Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Tsipas, Stavros; Wozniak, Gregory] Amer Med Assoc, Hlth Outcomes Grp, 515 N State St, Chicago, IL 60610 USA. RP Ritchey, M (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Heart Dis & Stroke Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM hha7@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; American Medical Association FX This study was entirely supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and American Medical Association. NR 46 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JUL 18 PY 2016 VL 11 IS 7 AR e0159366 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0159366 PG 14 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA DR8TD UT WOS:000380169300057 PM 27428008 ER PT J AU Paz-Soldan, VA Bauer, KM Lenhart, A Lopez, JJC Elder, JP Scott, TW McCall, PJ Kochel, TJ Morrison, AC AF Paz-Soldan, Valerie A. Bauer, Karin M. Lenhart, Audrey Lopez, Jhonny J. Cordova Elder, John P. Scott, Thomas W. McCall, Philip J. Kochel, Tadeusz J. Morrison, Amy C. TI Experiences with insecticide-treated curtains: a qualitative study in Iquitos, Peru SO BMC PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Dengue; Insecticide treated curtains (ITC); Peru; Qualitative ID AEDES-AEGYPTI DIPTERA; DENGUE VIRUS; DETERMINANTS; TRANSMISSION; ACCEPTABILITY; PATTERNS; COVERAGE; VECTORS; MEXICO; NETS AB Background: Dengue is an arthropod-borne viral disease responsible for approximately 400 million infections annually; the only available method of prevention is vector control. It has been previously demonstrated that insecticide treated curtains (ITCs) can lower dengue vector infestations in and around houses. As part of a larger trial examining whether ITCs could reduce dengue transmission in Iquitos, Peru, the objective of this study was to characterize the participants' experience with the ITCs using qualitative methods. Methods: Knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) surveys (at baseline, and 9 and 27 months post-ITC distribution, with n = 593, 595 and 511, respectively), focus group discussions (at 6 and 12 months post-ITC distribution, with n = 18 and 33, respectively), and 11 one-on-one interviews (at 12 months post-distribution) were conducted with 605 participants who received ITCs as part of a cluster-randomized trial. Results: Focus groups at 6 months post-ITC distribution revealed that individuals had observed their ITCs to function for approximately 3 months, after which they reported the ITCs were no longer working. Follow up revealed that the ITCs required re-treatment with insecticide at approximately 1 year post-distribution. Over half (55.3 %, n = 329) of participants at 9 months post-ITC distribution and over a third (34.8 %, n = 177) at 27 months post-ITC distribution reported perceiving a decrease in the number of mosquitoes in their home. The percentage of participants who would recommend ITCs to their family or friends in the future remained high throughout the study (94.3 %, n = 561 at 9 months and 94.6 %, n = 488 at 27 months post-distribution). When asked why, participants reported that ITCs were effective at reducing mosquitoes (81.6 and 37.8 %, at 9 and 27 months respectively), that they prevent dengue (5.7 and 51.2 %, at 9 and 27 months), that they are "beautiful" (5.9 and 3.1 %), as well as other reasons (6.9 and 2.5 %). Conclusion: ITCs have substantial potential for long term dengue vector control because they are liked by users, both for their perceived effectiveness and for aesthetic reasons, and because they require little proactive behavioral effort on the part of the users. Our results highlight the importance of gathering process (as opposed to outcome) data during vector control studies, without which researchers would not have become aware that the ITCs had lost effectiveness early in the trial. C1 [Paz-Soldan, Valerie A.; Bauer, Karin M.] Tulane Univ, Sch Publ Hlth & Trop Med, Dept Global Community Hlth & Behav Sci, 1440 Canal St,Suite 2200, New Orleans, LA 70118 USA. [Paz-Soldan, Valerie A.] Univ Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Fac Salud Publ & Adm, Lima, Peru. [Lenhart, Audrey] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Entomol Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Lopez, Jhonny J. Cordova; McCall, Philip J.] Univ Liverpool Liverpool Sch Trop Med, Dept Vector Biol, Liverpool, Merseyside, England. [Elder, John P.] San Diego State Univ, Grad Sch Publ Hlth, Div Hlth Promot & Behav Sci, San Diego, CA 92182 USA. [Scott, Thomas W.; Morrison, Amy C.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Entomol & Nematol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Scott, Thomas W.] NIH, Fogarty Int Ctr, Bldg 10, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Kochel, Tadeusz J.] Naval Med Res Ctr, Virol Dept, Silver Spring, MD USA. RP Paz-Soldan, VA (reprint author), Tulane Univ, Sch Publ Hlth & Trop Med, Dept Global Community Hlth & Behav Sci, 1440 Canal St,Suite 2200, New Orleans, LA 70118 USA.; Paz-Soldan, VA (reprint author), Univ Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Fac Salud Publ & Adm, Lima, Peru. EM vpazsold@tulane.edu FU Wellcome Trust [WT085714MA]; U.S. National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIH/NIAID) [R01 AI069341-01]; NIH/NIAID [P01 AI098670]; Armed Forces Health Surveillance Center Global Emerging Infections Systems Research Program [847705.82000.25GB.B0016]; Military Infectious Disease Research Program [S0263_10_LI, S0216_09_LI]; Fogarty International Center [K01 TW008414-01A1]; Research and Policy for Infectious Disease Dynamics (RAPIDD) program of the Science and Technology Directorate, U.S. Department of Homeland Security; Fogarty International Center; National Institutes of Health FX This research was supported by funding from the Wellcome Trust (WT085714MA), the U.S. National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIH/NIAID) award number R01 AI069341-01, the NIH/NIAID award number P01 AI098670, the Armed Forces Health Surveillance Center Global Emerging Infections Systems Research Program (847705.82000.25GB.B0016), and the Military Infectious Disease Research Program (S0263_10_LI and S0216_09_LI). VPS received supported from the Fogarty International Center, award number K01 TW008414-01A1. TWS received support from the Research and Policy for Infectious Disease Dynamics (RAPIDD) program of the Science and Technology Directorate, U.S. Department of Homeland Security, and the Fogarty International Center, National Institutes of Health. NR 49 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2458 J9 BMC PUBLIC HEALTH JI BMC Public Health PD JUL 16 PY 2016 VL 16 AR 582 DI 10.1186/s12889-016-3191-x PG 13 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DR2CK UT WOS:000379712400003 PM 27422403 ER PT J AU Kirkcaldy, RD Harvey, A Papp, JR del Rio, C Soge, OO Holmes, KK Hook, EW Kubin, G Riedel, S Zenilman, J Pettus, K Sanders, T Sharpe, S Torrone, E AF Kirkcaldy, Robert D. Harvey, Alesia Papp, John R. del Rio, Carlos Soge, Olusegun O. Holmes, King K. Hook, Edward W., III Kubin, Grace Riedel, Stefan Zenilman, Jonathan Pettus, Kevin Sanders, Tremeka Sharpe, Samera Torrone, Elizabeth TI Neisseria gonorrhoeae Antimicrobial Susceptibility Surveillance - The Gonococcal Isolate Surveillance Project, 27 Sites, United States, 2014 SO MMWR SURVEILLANCE SUMMARIES LA English DT Article ID DISEASES-TREATMENT-GUIDELINES; CEPHALOSPORIN SUSCEPTIBILITY; AZITHROMYCIN SUSCEPTIBILITY; MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION; DECREASED SUSCEPTIBILITY; MULTIDRUG-RESISTANT; TREATMENT FAILURE; NO LONGER; INFECTIONS; MUTATIONS AB Problem/Condition: Gonorrhea is the second most commonly reported notifiable disease in the United States; 350,062 gonorrhea cases were reported in 2014. Sexually transmitted infections caused by Neisseria gonorrhoeae are a cause of pelvic inflammatory disease in women, which can lead to serious reproductive complications including tubal infertility, ectopic pregnancy, and chronic pelvic pain. Prevention of sequelae and of transmission to sexual partners relies largely on prompt detection and effective antimicrobial treatment. However, treatment has been compromised by the absence of routine antimicrobial susceptibility testing in clinical care and evolution of antimicrobial resistance to the antibiotics used to treat gonorrhea. Period Covered: 2014. Description of the System: The Gonococcal Isolate Surveillance Project (GISP) was established in 1986 as a sentinel surveillance system to monitor trends in antimicrobial susceptibilities of N gonorrhoeae strains in the United States. Each month, N gonorrhoeae isolates are collected from up to the first 25 men with gonococcal urethritis attending each of the participating sexually transmitted disease (STD) clinics at 27 sites. The number of participating sites has varied over time (21-30 per year). Selected demographic and clinical data are abstracted from medical records. Isolates are tested for antimicrobial susceptibility using agar dilution at one of five regional laboratories. Results: A total of 5,093 isolates were collected in 2014. Of these, 25.3% were resistant to tetracycline, 19.2% to ciprofloxacin, and 16.2% to penicillin (plasmid-based, chromosomal, or both). Reduced azithromycin susceptibility (Azi-RS) (defined as minimum inhibitory concentration [MIC] mu g/mL) increased from 0.6% in 2013 to 2.5% in 2014. The increase occurred in all geographic regions, but was greatest in the Midwest, and among all categories of sex of sex partners (men who have sex with men [MSM], men who have sex with men and women [MSMW], and men who have sex with women [MSW]). No Azi-RS isolates exhibited reduced cefixime or ceftriaxone susceptibility (Cfx-RS and Cro-RS, respectively). The prevalence of Cfx-RS (MIC 0.25 mu g/mL) increased from 0.1% in 2006 to 1.4% in both 2010 and 2011, decreased to 0.4% in 2013, and increased to 0.8% in 2014. Cro-RS (MIC mu g/mL) increased following a similar pattern but at lesser percentages (increased from 0.1% in 2008 to 0.4% in 2011 and decreased to 0.1% in 2013 and 2014). The percentage of isolates resistant to tetracycline, ciprofloxacin, penicillin, or all three antimicrobials, was greater in isolates from MSM than from MSW. Interpretation: This is the first report to present comprehensive surveillance data from GISP and summarize gonococcal susceptibility over time, as well as underscore the history and public health implications of emerging cephalosporin resistance. Antimicrobial susceptibility patterns vary by geographic region within the United States and by sex of sex partner. Because dual therapy with ceftriaxone plus azithromycin is the only recommended gonorrhea treatment, increases in azithromycin and cephalosporin MICs are cause for concern that resistance to these antimicrobial agents might be emerging. It is unclear whether increases in the percentage of isolates with Azi-RS mark the beginning of a trend. The percentage of isolates with elevated cefixime MICs increased during 2009-2010, then decreased during 2012-2013 after treatment recommendations were changed in 2010 to recommend dual therapy (with a cephalosporin and a second antibiotic) and a higher dosage of ceftriaxone. Subsequently, the treatment recommendations were changed again in 2012 to no longer recommend cefixime as part of first -line therapy (leaving ceftriaxone-based dual therapy as the only recommended therapy). Despite the MIC decrease (i.e., trend of improved cefixime susceptibility) during 2012-2013, the increase in the number of strains with Cfx-RS in 2014 underscores the potential threat of cephalosporin-resistant N gonorrhoeae. Public Health Action: The National Strategy for Combating Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria identifies prevention, rapid detection, and control of outbreaks of ceftriaxone-resistant N gonorrhoeae infection as a priority for U.S. public health action. Antimicrobial susceptibility surveillance is conducted to guide development of treatment recommendations for effective therapy and prevention of complications from and transmission of gonorrhea. Federal agencies can use GISP data to develop national treatment recommendations and set research and prevention priorities. Local and state health departments can use GISP data to determine allocation of STD prevention services and resources, guide prevention planning, and communicate best treatment practices to health care providers. Continued surveillance, appropriate treatment, development of new antibiotics, and prevention of transmission remain the best strategies to reduce gonorrhea incidence and morbidity. C1 [Kirkcaldy, Robert D.; Harvey, Alesia; Papp, John R.; Pettus, Kevin; Sanders, Tremeka; Sharpe, Samera; Torrone, Elizabeth] CDC, Div STD Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [del Rio, Carlos] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [del Rio, Carlos] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Soge, Olusegun O.; Holmes, King K.] Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Hook, Edward W., III] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Birmingham, AL USA. [Kubin, Grace] Texas Dept State Hlth Serv, Austin, TX USA. [Riedel, Stefan] Harvard Med Sch, Beth Israel Deaconess Med Ctr, Boston, MA USA. [Riedel, Stefan; Zenilman, Jonathan] Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD USA. RP Kirkcaldy, RD (reprint author), CDC, Div STD Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM hlg8@cdc.gov RI del Rio, Carlos/B-3763-2012 OI del Rio, Carlos/0000-0002-0153-3517 NR 69 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 7 U2 7 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1545-8636 J9 MMWR SURVEILL SUMM JI MMWR Surv. Summ. PD JUL 15 PY 2016 VL 65 IS 7 BP 1 EP 19 PG 19 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DW3DX UT WOS:000383523400001 PM 27414503 ER PT J AU Kawai, K Yawn, BP Wollan, P Harpaz, R AF Kawai, Kosuke Yawn, Barbara P. Wollan, Peter Harpaz, Rafael TI Increasing Incidence of Herpes Zoster Over a 60-year Period From a Population-based Study SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article DE herpes zoster; shingles; epidemiology ID ROCHESTER EPIDEMIOLOGY PROJECT; MEDICAL-RECORDS-LINKAGE; VARICELLA VACCINATION; UNITED-STATES; COMPLICATION RATES; VIRUS; CHILDREN; TRENDS; IMPLEMENTATION; IMMUNIZATION AB Background. Temporal increases in the incidence of herpes zoster (HZ) have been reported but studies have examined short study periods, and the cause of the increase remains unknown. We examined the long-term trend of HZ. Methods. A population-based cohort study was conducted in Olmsted County, Minnesota, using data from 1945-1960 and 1980-2007. Medical records review of possible cases was performed to confirm incident cases of HZ, the patient's immune status, and prescribing of antivirals for HZ. We examined the relative change in the temporal trend in the incidence rates before and after the introduction of the varicella vaccination program. Results. Of the 8017 patients with HZ, 58.7% were females and 6.6% were immunocompromised. The age-and sex-adjusted incidence rate of HZ increased from 0.76 per 1000 person-years (PY) (95% confidence interval [CI], .63-.89) in 1945-1949 to 3.15 per 1000 PY (95% CI, 3.04-3.26) in 2000-2007. The rate of increase across the time period was 2.5% per year after adjusting for age and sex (adjusted incidence rate ratio, 1.025 [95% CI, 1.023-1.026]; P < .001). The incidence of HZ significantly increased among all age groups and both sexes. We found no change in the rate of increase before vs after the introduction of the varicella vaccination program. Conclusions. The incidence of HZ has increased >4-fold over the last 6 decades. This increase is unlikely to be due to the introduction of varicella vaccination, antiviral therapy, or change in the prevalence of immunocompromised individuals. C1 [Kawai, Kosuke] Boston Childrens Hosp, Clin Res Ctr, Boston, MA USA. [Kawai, Kosuke] Harvard Med Sch, Boston, MA USA. [Yawn, Barbara P.; Wollan, Peter] Olmsted Med Ctr, Dept Res, Rochester, MN USA. [Harpaz, Rafael] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Kawai, K (reprint author), Boston Childrens Hosp, 300 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA 02115 USA. EM kosuke.kawai@childrens.harvard.edu FU CDC [200-2009-32409]; Merck Co, Inc; National Institute on Aging of the NIH [R01AG034676] FX This work was supported by the CDC (contract number 200-2009-32409); an investigator-initiated research grant from Merck & Co, Inc (to B. P. Y.); and the Rochester Epidemiology Project, which is supported by the National Institute on Aging of the NIH (award number R01AG034676). NR 40 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 4 U2 8 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 EI 1537-6591 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD JUL 15 PY 2016 VL 63 IS 2 BP 221 EP 226 DI 10.1093/cid/ciw296 PG 6 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA DT1FT UT WOS:000381227800015 PM 27161774 ER PT J AU Hu, SS Neff, L Agaku, IT Cox, S Day, HR Holder-Hayes, E King, BA AF Hu, S. Sean Neff, Linda Agaku, Israel T. Cox, Shanna Day, Hannah R. Holder-Hayes, Enver King, Brian A. TI Tobacco Product Use Among Adults - United States, 2013-2014 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Article ID ELECTRONIC CIGARETTES; SMOKER C1 [Hu, S. Sean; Neff, Linda; Agaku, Israel T.; Cox, Shanna; King, Brian A.] CDC, Off Smoking & Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Day, Hannah R.; Holder-Hayes, Enver] US FDA, Ctr Tobacco Prod, Rockville, MD 20857 USA. RP Hu, SS (reprint author), CDC, Off Smoking & Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM shu@cdc.gov NR 10 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 3 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD JUL 15 PY 2016 VL 65 IS 27 BP 685 EP 691 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DR7AC UT WOS:000380051400001 PM 27416365 ER PT J AU Applegate, AO Fong, VC Tardivel, K Lippold, SA Zarate, S AF Applegate, Allen O. Fong, Vanessa C. Tardivel, Kara Lippold, Susan A. Zarate, Sheilah TI Meningococcal Disease in an International Traveler on Eculizumab Therapy - United States, 2015 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Article ID PAROXYSMAL-NOCTURNAL HEMOGLOBINURIA C1 [Applegate, Allen O.; Fong, Vanessa C.; Tardivel, Kara; Lippold, Susan A.] CDC, Div Global Migrat & Quarantine, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Zarate, Sheilah] San Francisco Dept Publ Hlth, San Francisco, CA USA. RP Tardivel, K (reprint author), CDC, Div Global Migrat & Quarantine, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM wjf3@cdc.gov NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD JUL 15 PY 2016 VL 65 IS 27 BP 696 EP 697 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DR7AC UT WOS:000380051400003 PM 27414068 ER PT J AU Mulay, PR Clark, G Jackson, WL Calvert, GM AF Mulay, Prakash R. Clark, Grethel Jackson, William L. Calvert, Geoffrey M. TI Acute Sulfuryl Fluoride Poisoning in a Family - Florida, August 2015 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Article C1 [Mulay, Prakash R.; Jackson, William L.] NIOSH, Florida Dept Hlth, CDC, Washington, DC 20002 USA. [Clark, Grethel] NIOSH, Florida Dept Hlth Martin Cty, CDC, Washington, DC USA. [Calvert, Geoffrey M.] NIOSH, Div Surveillance Hazard Evaluat & Field Studie, CDC, Washington, DC USA. RP Mulay, PR (reprint author), NIOSH, Florida Dept Hlth, CDC, Washington, DC 20002 USA. EM Prakash.Mulay@flhealth.gov NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD JUL 15 PY 2016 VL 65 IS 27 BP 698 EP 699 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DR7AC UT WOS:000380051400004 PM 27414166 ER PT J AU Hinckley, AF Meek, JI Ray, JAE Niesobecki, SA Connally, NP Feldman, KA Jones, EH Backenson, PB White, JL Lukacik, G Kay, AB Miranda, WP Mead, PS AF Hinckley, Alison F. Meek, James I. Ray, Julie A. E. Niesobecki, Sara A. Connally, Neeta P. Feldman, Katherine A. Jones, Erin H. Backenson, P. Bryon White, Jennifer L. Lukacik, Gary Kay, Ashley B. Miranda, Wilson P. Mead, Paul S. TI Effectiveness of Residential Acaricides to Prevent Lyme and Other Tick-borne Diseases in Humans SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Lyme disease; tick-borne diseases; ticks; prevention; pesticide; acaricide; humans ID IXODES-SCAPULARIS ACARI; IXODIDAE NYMPHS; GRANULAR DELTAMETHRIN; DAMMINI ACARI; NEW-YORK; AREA; CONNECTICUT; ARTHROPODS; LANDSCAPE; RATES AB Background. In the northeastern United States, tick- borne diseases are a major public health concern. In controlled studies, a single springtime application of acaricide has been shown to kill 68%- 100% of ticks. Although public health authorities recommend use of acaricides to control tick populations in yards, the effectiveness of these pesticides to prevent tick bites or human tick- borne diseases is unknown. Methods. We conducted a 2- year, randomized, double- blinded, placebo- controlled trial among 2727 households in 3 northeastern states. Households received a single springtime barrier application of bifenthrin or water according to recommended practices. Tick drags were conducted 3- 4 weeks after treatment on 10% of properties. Information on human- tick encounters and tick- borne diseases was collected through monthly surveys; reports of illness were validated by medical record review. Results. Although the abundance of questing ticks was significantly lower ( 63%) on acaricide- treated properties, there was no difference between treatment groups in human- tick encounters, self- reported tick- borne diseases, or medical- record- validated tickborne diseases. Conclusions. Used as recommended, acaricide barrier sprays do not significantly reduce the household risk of tick exposure or incidence of tick- borne disease. Measures for preventing tick- borne diseases should be evaluated against human outcomes to confirm effectiveness. C1 [Hinckley, Alison F.; Kay, Ashley B.; Mead, Paul S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Dis, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Meek, James I.; Ray, Julie A. E.; Niesobecki, Sara A.] Yale Sch Publ Hlth, Connecticut Emerging Infect Program, New Haven, CT USA. [Connally, Neeta P.] Western Connecticut State Univ, Danbury, CT USA. [Feldman, Katherine A.; Jones, Erin H.] Maryland Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, Baltimore, MD USA. [Backenson, P. Bryon; White, Jennifer L.; Lukacik, Gary; Miranda, Wilson P.] New York State Dept Hlth, Albany, NY USA. [Ray, Julie A. E.] Mayo Clin, Rochester, MN USA. [Jones, Erin H.] Clin Res Management Inc, Hinckley, OH USA. [Kay, Ashley B.] Sanctuary, Bombay, Maharashtra, India. RP Hinckley, AF (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 3156 Rampart Rd, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM ahinckley@cdc.gov FU CDC through the Emerging Infections Program [U01CI000307, U50CK000195, U01CI000310, U50CK000203, U01CI000311, U50CK000199] FX This work was supported by the CDC through the Emerging Infections Program cooperative agreement (grants U01CI000307 and U50CK000195 for activities in Connecticut, U01CI000310 and U50CK000203 for activities in Maryland, and U01CI000311 and U50CK000199 for activities in New York). NR 24 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 8 U2 8 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0022-1899 EI 1537-6613 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD JUL 15 PY 2016 VL 214 IS 2 BP 182 EP 188 DI 10.1093/infdis/jiv775 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA DR3SM UT WOS:000379822900004 PM 26740276 ER PT J AU Simons, BC Spradling, PR Bruden, DJT Zanis, C Case, S Choromanski, TL Apodaca, M Brogdon, HD Dwyer, G Snowball, M Negus, S Bruce, MG Morishima, C Knall, C McMahon, BJ AF Simons, Brenna C. Spradling, Philip R. Bruden, Dana J. T. Zanis, Carolyn Case, Samantha Choromanski, Tammy L. Apodaca, Minjun Brogdon, Hazel D. Dwyer, Gaelen Snowball, Mary Negus, Susan Bruce, Michael G. Morishima, Chihiro Knall, Cindy McMahon, Brian J. TI A Longitudinal Hepatitis B Vaccine Cohort Demonstrates Long-lasting Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) Cellular Immunity Despite Loss of Antibody Against HBV Surface Antigen SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article DE hepatitis B virus; vaccine; cellular immunity; booster vaccination; antibody against hepatitis B surface antigen; plasma-derived vaccine ID YUPIK ESKIMO POPULATION; HEALTH-CARE WORKERS; IMMUNIZATION PROGRAM; FOLLOW-UP; HEPATOCELLULAR-CARCINOMA; NEONATAL IMMUNIZATION; UNITED-STATES; NKT CELLS; CHILDREN; PROTECTION AB Background. Long-lasting protection resulting from hepatitis B vaccine, despite loss of antibody against hepatitis B virus ( HBV) surface antigen ( anti-HBs), is undetermined. Methods. We recruited persons from a cohort vaccinated with plasma-derived hepatitis B vaccine in 1981 who have been followed periodically since. We performed serological testing for anti-HBs and microRNA-155 and assessed HBV-specific T-cell responses by enzyme-linked immunospot and cytometric bead array. Study subgroups were defined 32 years after vaccination as having an anti-HBs level of either = 10 mIU/ mL ( group 1; n = 13) or < 10 mIU/ mL ( group 2; n = 31). Results. All 44 participants, regardless of anti-HBs level, tested positive for tumor necrosis factor a, interleukin 10, or interleukin 6 production by HBV surface antigen-specific T cells. The frequency of natural killer T cells correlated with the level of anti-HBs ( P =.008). The proportion of participants who demonstrated T-cell responses to HBV core antigen varied among the cytokines measured, suggesting some natural exposure to HBV in the study group. No participant had evidence of breakthrough HBV infection. Conclusions. Evidence of long-lasting cellular immunity, regardless of anti-HBs level, suggests that protection afforded by primary immunization with plasma-derived hepatitis B vaccine during childhood and adulthood lasts at least 32 years. C1 [Simons, Brenna C.; Choromanski, Tammy L.; Snowball, Mary; Negus, Susan; McMahon, Brian J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Alaska Native Tribal Hlth Consortium, Liver Dis & Hepatitis Program, Atlanta, GA USA. [Simons, Brenna C.; Bruden, Dana J. T.; Zanis, Carolyn; Case, Samantha; Bruce, Michael G.; McMahon, Brian J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Arctic Invest Program, Div Preparedness & Emerging Infect, Atlanta, GA USA. [Simons, Brenna C.; Brogdon, Hazel D.; Dwyer, Gaelen; Knall, Cindy] Univ Alaska Anchorage, Coll Hlth, WWAMI Sch Med Educ, Atlanta, GA USA. [Spradling, Philip R.] CDC, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Div Viral Hepatitis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Apodaca, Minjun; Morishima, Chihiro] Univ Washington, Dept Lab Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Simons, BC (reprint author), 3900 Ambassador Dr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA. EM bcsimons@anthc.org FU CDC [U01 PS001097]; National Institute of General Medical Sciences, National Institutes of Health (NIH) [P20GM103395]; Native American Centers for Health Research, via the National Institute of General Medical Sciences, NIH [U261IHS0046] FX This work was supported by the CDC (U01 PS001097); the National Institute of General Medical Sciences, National Institutes of Health (NIH; Institutional Development Award P20GM103395); and Native American Centers for Health Research, via the National Institute of General Medical Sciences, NIH (U261IHS0046). NR 50 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 5 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0022-1899 EI 1537-6613 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD JUL 15 PY 2016 VL 214 IS 2 BP 273 EP 280 DI 10.1093/infdis/jiw142 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA DR3SM UT WOS:000379822900015 PM 27056956 ER PT J AU Smithee, S Tracy, S Chapman, NM AF Smithee, Shane Tracy, Steven Chapman, Nora M. TI Reversion to wildtype of a mutated and nonfunctional coxsackievirus B3CRE(2C) SO VIRUS RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Enterovirus; Coxsackievirus; CRE(2C); Terminal deletion; Reversion ID CIS-ACTING REPLICATION; STRAND RNA-SYNTHESIS; DEPENDENT VPG URIDYLYLATION; POLIOVIRUS RNA; NEGATIVE-STRAND; VIRAL-RNA; DILATED CARDIOMYOPATHY; POSITIVE-STRAND; IN-VITRO; MOLECULAR EVOLUTION AB The cis-acting replication element (CRE) in the 2C protein coding region [CRE(2C)1 of enteroviruses (EV) facilitates the addition of two uridine residues (uridylylation) onto the virus-encoded protein VPg in order for it to serve as the RNA replication primer. We demonstrated that coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) is replication competent in the absence of a native (uridylylating) CRE(2C) and also demonstrated that lack of a functional CRE(2C) led to generation of 5' terminal genomic deletions in the CVB3 CRE-knock-out (CVB3-CKO) population. We asked whether reversion of the mutated CRE(2C) occurred, thus permitting sustained replication, and when were 5' terminal deletions generated during replication. Virions were isolated from HeLa cells previously electroporated with infectious CVB3-CKO T7 transcribed RNA or from hearts and spleens of mice after transfection with CVB3-CKO RNA. Viral RNA was isolated in order to amplify the CRE(2C) coding region and the genomic 5' terminal sequences. Sequence analysis revealed reversion of the CVB3-CKO sequence to wildtype occurs by 8 days post-electroporation of HeLa cells and by 20 days post-transfection in mice. However, 5' terminal deletions evolve prior to these times. Reversion of the CRE(2C) mutations to wildtype despite loss of the genomic 5' termini is consistent with the hypothesis that an intact CRE(2C) is inherently vital to EV replication even when it is not enabling efficient positive strand initiation. (C) 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Smithee, Shane; Tracy, Steven; Chapman, Nora M.] Univ Nebraska, Med Ctr, Dept Pathol & Microbiol, Omaha, NE 68182 USA. [Smithee, Shane] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30033 USA. RP Chapman, NM (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, Med Ctr, Dept Pathol & Microbiol, Omaha, NE 68182 USA. EM nchapman@unmc.edu FU National Institutes of Health; Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation; UNMC College of Medicine Graduate Fellowship FX This work was supported in part by grants from National Institutes of Health (N.M.C.) and the Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation (N.M.C., S.T.). S.S. was supported by a UNMC College of Medicine Graduate Fellowship. We thank Bert Semler for critical and helpful comments prior to submission of the manuscript. Those providing funding had no role in experimental design, data gathering, data analysis, or submission of work for publication. S.T. wishes to dedicate his effort in this work to the memory of his thesis advisor and long-term friend and colleague, David E. Kohne, a pioneer in understanding genomic organization. NR 60 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-1702 EI 1872-7492 J9 VIRUS RES JI Virus Res. PD JUL 15 PY 2016 VL 220 BP 136 EP 149 DI 10.1016/j.virusres.2016.04.016 PG 14 WC Virology SC Virology GA DQ5WQ UT WOS:000379276400017 PM 27130630 ER PT J AU Kosoy, M Bai, Y Enscore, R Rizzo, MR Bender, S Popov, V Albayrak, L Fofanov, Y Chomel, B AF Kosoy, Michael Bai, Ying Enscore, Russell Rizzo, Maria Rosales Bender, Scott Popov, Vsevolod Albayrak, Levent Fofanov, Yuriy Chomel, Bruno TI Bartonella melophagi in blood of domestic sheep (Ovis aries) and sheep keds (Melophagus ovinus) from the southwestern US: Cultures, genetic characterization, and ecological connections SO VETERINARY MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Bartonellosis; Domestic sheep; Sheep ked; Bighorn sheep; Genotyping ID SP-NOV.; MOLECULAR-DETECTION; SPP.; DEER; RUMINANTS; WILD; BOVIS; SCHOENBUCHENSIS; IDENTIFICATION; HIPPOBOSCIDAE AB Bartonella melophagi sp. nov. was isolated from domestic sheep blood and from sheep Reds (Melophagus ovinus) from the southwestern United States. The sequence analyses of the reference strain performed by six molecular markers consistently demonstrated that B. melophagi relates to but differ from other Bartonella species isolated from domestic and wild ruminants. Presence of 183 genes specific for B. melophagi, being absent in genomes of other Bartonella species associated with ruminants also supports the separation of this bacterial species from species of other ruminants. Bartonella DNA was detected in all investigated sheep keds; however, culturing of these bacteria from sheep blood rejects a speculation that B. melophagi is an obligatory endosymbiont. Instead, the results support the hypothesis that the domestic sheep is a natural host reservoir for B. melophagi and the sheep Red its main vector. This bacterium was not isolated from the blood of bighorn sheep and domestic goats belonging to the same subfamily Caprinae. B. melophagi has also been shown to be zoonotic and needs to be investigated further. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Kosoy, Michael; Bai, Ying; Enscore, Russell; Rizzo, Maria Rosales] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Dis, 3156 Rampart Rd, Ft Collins, CO 90521 USA. [Bender, Scott] Navajo Nation, Navajo Nation Vet Program, Dept Agr, POB 1450, Window Rock, AZ 86515 USA. [Popov, Vsevolod; Albayrak, Levent; Fofanov, Yuriy] Univ Texas Med Branch, 301 Univ Blvd, Galveston, TX 77555 USA. [Chomel, Bruno] Univ Calif Davis, Sch Vet Med, Dept Populat Hlth & Reprod, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Kosoy, M (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Dis, 3156 Rampart Rd, Ft Collins, CO 90521 USA. EM MCK3@CDC.GOV NR 31 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1135 EI 1873-2542 J9 VET MICROBIOL JI Vet. Microbiol. PD JUL 15 PY 2016 VL 190 BP 43 EP 49 DI 10.1016/j.vetmic.2016.05.009 PG 7 WC Microbiology; Veterinary Sciences SC Microbiology; Veterinary Sciences GA DQ1HY UT WOS:000378953300007 PM 27283855 ER PT J AU Rota, PA Moss, WJ Takeda, M de Swart, RL Thompson, KM Goodson, JL AF Rota, Paul A. Moss, William J. Takeda, Makoto de Swart, Rik L. Thompson, Kimberly M. Goodson, James L. TI Measles SO NATURE REVIEWS DISEASE PRIMERS LA English DT Article ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; HIGHLY VACCINATED POPULATION; CELLULAR IMMUNE-RESPONSES; ACTIVATION MOLECULE SLAM; DENDRITIC CELLS; UNITED-STATES; C-PROTEIN; INTERFERON RESPONSE; GLOBAL-MEASLES; RHESUS-MONKEYS AB Measles is an infectious disease in humans caused by the measles virus (MeV). Before the introduction of an effective measles vaccine, virtually everyone experienced measles during childhood. Symptoms of measles include fever and maculopapular skin rash accompanied by cough, coryza and/or conjunctivitis. MeV causes immunosuppression, and severe sequelae of measles include pneumonia, gastroenteritis, blindness, measles inclusion body encephalitis and subacute sclerosing panencephalitis. Case confirmation depends on clinical presentation and results of laboratory tests, including the detection of anti-MeV IgM antibodies and/or viral RNA. All current measles vaccines contain a live attenuated strain of MeV, and great progress has been made to increase global vaccination coverage to drive down the incidence of measles. However, endemic transmission continues in many parts of the world. Measles remains a considerable cause of childhood mortality worldwide, with estimates that >100,000 fatal cases occur each year. Case fatality ratio estimates vary from <0.01% in industrialized countries to >5% in developing countries. All six WHO regions have set goals to eliminate endemic transmission of MeV by achieving and maintaining high levels of vaccination coverage accompanied by a sensitive surveillance system. Because of the availability of a highly effective and relatively inexpensive vaccine, the monotypic nature of the virus and the lack of an animal reservoir, measles is considered a candidate for eradication. C1 [Rota, Paul A.; Goodson, James L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Moss, William J.] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Baltimore, MD USA. [Takeda, Makoto] Natl Inst Infect Dis, Dept Virol, Tokyo, Japan. [de Swart, Rik L.] Erasmus MC, Dept Virosci, Rotterdam, Netherlands. [Thompson, Kimberly M.] Kid Risk Inc, Orlando, FL USA. [Thompson, Kimberly M.] Univ Cent Florida, Coll Med, Orlando, FL USA. RP Rota, PA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM prota@cdc.gov OI De Swart, Rik/0000-0003-3599-8969 FU Research Program on Emerging and Re-emerging Infectious Diseases, Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (AMED) FX P.A.R. and J.L.G.: the findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. M.T. receives funding from the Research Program on Emerging and Re-emerging Infectious Diseases, Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (AMED). NR 178 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 3 U2 4 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 2056-676X J9 NAT REV DIS PRIMERS JI Nat. Rev. Dis. Primers PD JUL 14 PY 2016 VL 2 AR 16049 DI 10.1038/nrdp.2016.49 PG 16 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA DT3HS UT WOS:000381372300001 PM 27411684 ER PT J AU Watson, CV Feng, J Valentin-Blasini, L Stanelle, R Watson, CH AF Watson, Christina Vaughan Feng, June Valentin-Blasini, Liza Stanelle, Rayman Watson, Clifford H. TI Method for the Determination of Ammonia in Mainstream Cigarette Smoke Using Ion Chromatography SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID NICOTINE; TOBACCO AB Ammonia in mainstream smoke is present in both the particulate and vapor phases. The presence of ammonia in the cigarette filler material and smoke is of significance because of the potential role ammonia could have in raising the "smoke pH." An increased smoke pH could shift a fraction of total nicotine to free-base nicotine, which is reportedly more rapidly absorbed by the smoker. Methods measuring ammonia in smoke typically employ acid filled impingers to trap the smoke. We developed a fast, reliable method to measure ammonia in mainstream smoke without the use of costly and time consuming impingers to examine differences in ammonia delivery. The method uses both a Cambridge filter pad and a Tedlar bag to capture particulate and vapor phases of the smoke. We quantified ammonia levels in the mainstream smoke of 50 cigarette brands from 5 manufacturers. Ammonia levels ranged from approximately 1 mu g to 23 mu g per cigarette for ISO smoking conditions and 38 mu g to 67 mu g per cigarette for Canadian intense smoking conditions and statistically significance differences were observed between brands and manufacturers. Our findings suggest that ammonia levels vary by brand and are higher under Canadian intense smoking conditions. C1 [Watson, Christina Vaughan; Feng, June; Valentin-Blasini, Liza; Stanelle, Rayman; Watson, Clifford H.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Div Sci Lab, Tobacco & Volatiles Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Watson, CV (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Div Sci Lab, Tobacco & Volatiles Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM cvaughan@cdc.gov NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 9 U2 11 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JUL 14 PY 2016 VL 11 IS 7 AR e0159126 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0159126 PG 8 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA DR0DZ UT WOS:000379579500082 PM 27415766 ER PT J AU Wei, XR Smith, AJ Forrest, DW Cardenas, GA Beck, DW LaLota, M Metsch, LR Sionean, C Owen, SM Johnson, JA AF Wei, Xierong Smith, Amanda J. Forrest, David W. Cardenas, Gabriel A. Beck, Dano W. LaLota, Marlene Metsch, Lisa R. Sionean, Catlainn Owen, S. Michele Johnson, Jeffrey A. TI Incident Infection and Resistance Mutation Analysis of Dried Blood Spots Collected in a Field Study of HIV Risk Groups, 2007-2010 SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID BEHAVIORAL SURVEILLANCE SYSTEM; SPECIMENS AB Objective To assess the utility of cost-effective dried blood spot (DBS) field sampling for incidence and drug resistance surveillance of persons at high risk for HIV infection. Methods We evaluated DBS collected in 2007-2010 in non-clinical settings by finger-stick from HIV-positive heterosexuals at increased risk of HIV infection (n = 124), men who have sex with men (MSM, n = 110), and persons who inject drugs (PWID, n = 58). Relative proportions of recent-infection findings among risk groups were assessed at avidity index (AI) cutoffs of <= 25%, <= 30%, and <= 35%, corresponding to an infection mean duration of recency (MDR) of 220.6, 250.4, and 278.3 days, respectively. Drug resistance mutation prevalence was compared among the risk groups and avidity indices. Results HIV antibody avidity testing of all self-reported ARV-naive persons (n = 186) resulted in 9.7%, 11.3% and 14.0% with findings within the 221, 250, and 278-day MDRs, respectively. The proportion of ARV-naive MSM, heterosexuals, and PWID reporting only one risk category who had findings below the suggested 30% AI was 23.1%, 6.9% and 3.6% (p < 0.001), respectively. MSM had the highest prevalence of drug resistance and the only cases of transmitted multi-class resistance. Among the ARV-experienced, MSM had disproportionately more recent-infection results than did heterosexuals and PWID. Conclusions The disproportionately higher recent-infection findings for MSM as compared to PWID and heterosexuals increased as the MDR window increased. Unreported ARV use might explain greater recent-infection findings and drug resistance in this MSM population. DBS demonstrated utility in expanded HIV testing; however, optimal field handling is key to accurate recent-infection estimates. C1 [Wei, Xierong; Smith, Amanda J.; Sionean, Catlainn; Owen, S. Michele; Johnson, Jeffrey A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Forrest, David W.; Cardenas, Gabriel A.; Metsch, Lisa R.] Univ Miami, Miller Sch Med, Miami, FL 33136 USA. [Beck, Dano W.; LaLota, Marlene] Florida Dept Hlth, HIV AIDS Sect, Tallahassee, FL 32399 USA. [Beck, Dano W.] Oregon Hlth Author, Portland, OR USA. [Metsch, Lisa R.] Columbia Univ, Mailman Sch Publ Hlth, New York, NY USA. RP Johnson, JA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM jjohnson1@cdc.gov FU intramural CDC funds FX This study was supported by intramural CDC funds. The funder had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 14 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 3 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JUL 14 PY 2016 VL 11 IS 7 AR e0159266 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0159266 PG 11 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA DR0DZ UT WOS:000379579500116 PM 27415433 ER PT J AU Lampe, MA Nesheim, SR McCray, E AF Lampe, Margaret A. Nesheim, Steven R. McCray, Eugene TI Eliminating Pediatric HIV-1 Infection SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Letter ID TO-CHILD TRANSMISSION; UNITED-STATES C1 [Lampe, Margaret A.; Nesheim, Steven R.; McCray, Eugene] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. RP Lampe, MA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM mlampe@cdc.gov NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MASSACHUSETTS MEDICAL SOC PI WALTHAM PA WALTHAM WOODS CENTER, 860 WINTER ST,, WALTHAM, MA 02451-1413 USA SN 0028-4793 EI 1533-4406 J9 NEW ENGL J MED JI N. Engl. J. Med. PD JUL 14 PY 2016 VL 375 IS 2 BP 192 EP 193 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA DQ9KY UT WOS:000379530000029 PM 27410943 ER PT J AU Shaw, KA Bertha, M Hofmekler, T Chopra, P Vatanen, T Srivatsa, A Prince, J Kumar, A Sauer, C Zwick, ME Satten, GA Kostic, AD Mulle, JG Xavier, RJ Kugathasan, S AF Shaw, Kelly A. Bertha, Madeline Hofmekler, Tatyana Chopra, Pankaj Vatanen, Tommi Srivatsa, Abhiram Prince, Jarod Kumar, Archana Sauer, Cary Zwick, Michael E. Satten, Glen A. Kostic, Aleksandar D. Mulle, Jennifer G. Xavier, Ramnik J. Kugathasan, Subra TI Dysbiosis, inflammation, and response to treatment: a longitudinal study of pediatric subjects with newly diagnosed inflammatory bowel disease SO GENOME MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE Inflammatory bowel disease; Microbiome; Crohn's disease; Dysbiosis ID CROHNS-DISEASE; ULCERATIVE-COLITIS; ACTIVITY INDEX; FUSOBACTERIUM-NECROPHORUM; BACTERIAL DIVERSITY; GUT MICROBIOTA; HOST GENETICS; VALIDATION; INFECTIONS; PREVALENCE AB Background: Gut microbiome dysbiosis has been demonstrated in subjects with newly diagnosed and chronic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). In this study we sought to explore longitudinal changes in dysbiosis and ascertain associations between dysbiosis and markers of disease activity and treatment outcome. Methods: We performed a prospective cohort study of 19 treatment-naive pediatric IBD subjects and 10 healthy controls, measuring fecal calprotectin and assessing the gut microbiome via repeated stool samples. Associations between clinical characteristics and the microbiome were tested using generalized estimating equations. Random forest classification was used to predict ultimate treatment response (presence of mucosal healing at follow-up colonoscopy) or non-response using patients' pretreatment samples. Results: Patients with Crohn's disease had increased markers of inflammation and dysbiosis compared to controls. Patients with ulcerative colitis had even higher inflammation and dysbiosis compared to those with Crohn's disease. For all cases, the gut microbial dysbiosis index associated significantly with clinical and biological measures of disease severity, but did not associate with treatment response. We found differences in specific gut microbiome genera between cases/controls and responders/non-responders including Akkermansia, Coprococcus, Fusobacterium, Veillonella, Faecalibacterium, and Adlercreutzia. Using pretreatment microbiome data in a weighted random forest classifier, we were able to obtain 76.5 % accuracy for prediction of responder status. Conclusions: Patient dysbiosis improved over time but persisted even among those who responded to treatment and achieved mucosal healing. Although dysbiosis index was not significantly different between responders and non-responders, we found specific genus-level differences. We found that pretreatment microbiome signatures are a promising avenue for prediction of remission and response to treatment. C1 [Shaw, Kelly A.] Emory Univ, Grad Div Biol & Biomed Sci, Grad Program Genet & Mol Biol, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Bertha, Madeline; Hofmekler, Tatyana; Chopra, Pankaj; Srivatsa, Abhiram; Prince, Jarod; Kumar, Archana; Sauer, Cary; Kugathasan, Subra] Emory Univ, Dept Pediat, Sch Med, 2015 Uppergate Dr,Room 248, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Bertha, Madeline; Hofmekler, Tatyana; Chopra, Pankaj; Srivatsa, Abhiram; Prince, Jarod; Kumar, Archana; Sauer, Cary; Kugathasan, Subra] Childrens Healthcare Atlanta, 2015 Uppergate Dr,Room 248, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Vatanen, Tommi; Kostic, Aleksandar D.; Xavier, Ramnik J.] Broad Inst MIT & Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142 USA. [Vatanen, Tommi] Aalto Univ, Dept Comp Sci, Sch Sci, Espoo 02150, Finland. [Zwick, Michael E.; Mulle, Jennifer G.; Kugathasan, Subra] Emory Univ, Dept Human Genet, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Satten, Glen A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Kostic, Aleksandar D.; Xavier, Ramnik J.] Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Ctr Computat & Integrat Biol, Boston, MA 02114 USA. [Kostic, Aleksandar D.; Xavier, Ramnik J.] Harvard Med Sch, Boston, MA 02114 USA. [Mulle, Jennifer G.] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. RP Kugathasan, S (reprint author), Emory Univ, Dept Pediat, Sch Med, 2015 Uppergate Dr,Room 248, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA.; Kugathasan, S (reprint author), Childrens Healthcare Atlanta, 2015 Uppergate Dr,Room 248, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA.; Kugathasan, S (reprint author), Emory Univ, Dept Human Genet, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. EM skugath@emory.edu FU Marcus Foundation [DK087694, DK098231]; BWF [1008188]; NIH [NRSA F31DK107229] FX The Marcus Foundation (to SK) primarily supported this work, with further support from DK087694 (SK) and DK098231 (SK). KAS received support from BWF training grant ID 1008188 and NIH NRSA F31DK107229. NR 50 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 3 U2 10 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1756-994X J9 GENOME MED JI Genome Med. PD JUL 13 PY 2016 VL 8 AR 75 DI 10.1186/s13073-016-0331-y PG 13 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA DR9IB UT WOS:000380209200001 PM 27412252 ER PT J AU Isenberg, SL Carter, MD Hayes, SR Graham, LA Johnson, D Mathews, TP Harden, LA Takeoka, GR Thomas, JD Pirkle, JL Johnson, RC AF Isenberg, Samantha L. Carter, Melissa D. Hayes, Shelby R. Graham, Leigh Ann Johnson, Darryl Mathews, Thomas P. Harden, Leslie A. Takeoka, Gary R. Thomas, Jerry D. Pirkle, James L. Johnson, Rudolph C. TI Quantification of Toxins in Soapberry (Sapindaceae) Arils: Hypoglycin A and Methylenecyclopropylglycine SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Litchi; lychee; ackee; methylenecyclopropylglycine; hypoglycin A; soapberry; methylenecyclopropylalanine; Acer; Aceraceae; cyclopropylamino acids; Sapindaceae; Aesculus; rambutan ID BIOLOGICALLY-ACTIVE POLYPEPTIDES; JAMAICAN VOMITING SICKNESS; ACKEE BLIGHIA-SAPIDA; ACUTE ENCEPHALITIS; FRUIT; MUZAFFARPUR; MATURITY; CHILDREN; SEEDS AB Methylenecyclopropylglycine (MCPG) and hypoglycin A (HGA) are naturally occurring amino acids found in some soapberry fruits. Fatalities have been reported worldwide as a result of HGA ingestion, and exposure to MCPG has been implicated recently in the Asian outbreaks of hypoglycemic encephalopathy. In response to an outbreak linked to soapberry ingestion, the authors developed the first method to simultaneously quantify MCPG and HGA in soapberry fruits from 1 to 10 000 ppm of both toxins in dried fruit aril. Further, this is the first report of HGA in litchi, longan, and mamoncillo arils. This method is presented to specifically address the laboratory needs of public-health investigators in the hypoglycemic encephalitis outbreaks linked to soapberry fruit ingestion. C1 [Isenberg, Samantha L.; Graham, Leigh Ann; Mathews, Thomas P.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Battelle Mem Inst, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Carter, Melissa D.; Thomas, Jerry D.; Pirkle, James L.; Johnson, Rudolph C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sci Lab, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Hayes, Shelby R.; Johnson, Darryl] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Harden, Leslie A.; Takeoka, Gary R.] Agr Res Serv, Western Reg Res Ctr, US Dept Agr Albany, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP Carter, MD (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sci Lab, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM melissa.carter@cdc.hhs.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Battelle Memorial Institute; Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education; U.S. Department of Agriculture FX This work was supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the Battelle Memorial Institute, the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, and the U.S. Department of Agriculture. NR 32 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 12 U2 15 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-8561 EI 1520-5118 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD JUL 13 PY 2016 VL 64 IS 27 BP 5607 EP 5613 DI 10.1021/acs.jafc.6b02478 PG 7 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA DR3HM UT WOS:000379794300021 PM 27367968 ER PT J AU Voelker, R AF Voelker, Rebecca TI Failing to Adopt 5 Healthy Habits SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT News Item C1 [Voelker, Rebecca] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Voelker, R (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 330 N WABASH AVE, STE 39300, CHICAGO, IL 60611-5885 USA SN 0098-7484 EI 1538-3598 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD JUL 12 PY 2016 VL 316 IS 2 BP 141 EP 141 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA EL9WZ UT WOS:000394972100003 ER PT J AU Gilboa, SM Devine, OJ Kucik, JE Oster, ME Riehle-Colarusso, T Nembhard, WN Xu, P Correa, A Jenkins, K Marelli, AJ AF Gilboa, Suzanne M. Devine, Owen J. Kucik, James E. Oster, Matthew E. Riehle-Colarusso, Tiffany Nembhard, Wendy N. Xu, Ping Correa, Adolfo Jenkins, Kathy Marelli, Ariane J. TI Congenital Heart Defects in the United States Estimating the Magnitude of the Affected Population in 2010 SO CIRCULATION LA English DT Article DE epidemiology; heart defects, congenital; population ID METROPOLITAN ATLANTA; GENERAL-POPULATION; BIRTH-DEFECTS; HEALTH-CARE; TASK-FORCE; DISEASE; MORTALITY; PREVALENCE; CHILDREN; ADULTS AB Background: Because of advancements in care, there has been a decline in mortality from congenital heart defects (CHDs) over the past several decades. However, there are no current empirical data documenting the number of people living with CHDs in the United States. Our aim was to estimate the CHD prevalence across all age groups in the United States in the year 2010. Methods: The age-, sex-, and severity-specific observed prevalence of CHDs in Quebec, Canada, in the year 2010 was assumed to equal the CHD prevalence in the non-Hispanic white population in the United States in 2010. A race-ethnicity adjustment factor, reflecting differential survival between racial-ethnic groups through 5 years of age for individuals with a CHD and that in the general US population, was applied to the estimated non-Hispanic white rates to derive CHD prevalence estimates among US non-Hispanic blacks and Hispanics. Confidence intervals for the estimated CHD prevalence rates and case counts were derived from a combination of Taylor series approximations and Monte Carlo simulation. Results: We estimated that approximate to 2.4 million people (1.4 million adults, 1 million children) were living with CHDs in the United States in 2010. Nearly 300 000 of these individuals had severe CHDs. Conclusions: Our estimates highlight the need for 2 important efforts: planning for health services delivery to meet the needs of the growing population of adults with CHD and the development of surveillance data across the life span to provide empirical estimates of the prevalence of CHD across all age groups in the United States. C1 [Gilboa, Suzanne M.; Devine, Owen J.; Kucik, James E.; Oster, Matthew E.; Riehle-Colarusso, Tiffany] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Congenital & Dev Disorders, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Kucik, James E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Associate Director Policy, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Devine, Owen J.] Carter Consulting, Atlanta, GA USA. [Oster, Matthew E.] Emory Univ, Childrens Healthcare Atlanta, Sch Med, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Nembhard, Wendy N.; Xu, Ping] Univ S Florida, Tampa, FL USA. [Nembhard, Wendy N.] Univ Arkansas Med Sci, Little Rock, AR 72205 USA. [Nembhard, Wendy N.] Arkansas Childrens Hosp, Res Inst, 800 Marshall St, Little Rock, AR 72202 USA. [Correa, Adolfo] Univ Mississippi, Med Ctr, Jackson, MS 39216 USA. [Jenkins, Kathy] Childrens Hosp Boston, Boston, MA USA. [Marelli, Ariane J.] McGill Adult Unit Congenital Heart Dis, Montreal, PQ, Canada. RP Gilboa, SM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, MS E-86,4770 Buford Hwy, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA.; Marelli, AJ (reprint author), McGill Univ, Ctr Hlth, Royal Victoria Hosp, 1001 Decarie Blvd,Room D-05-5108, Montreal, PQ H4A 3J1, Canada. EM sgilboa@cdc.gov; ariane.marelli@mcgill.ca FU Canadian Institute of Health Research; Heart and Stroke Foundation of Canada; Fonds de la recherche en sante du Quebec; National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute [HH-SN268201300046C, HHSN268201300047C, HHSN268201300049C]; National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities; National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine [1U01AT006239-01]; National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities [P60MD002249-01]; Arkansas Biosciences Institute FX Dr Marelli received peer-reviewed public funding from the Canadian Institute of Health Research, the Heart and Stroke Foundation of Canada, and the Fonds de la recherche en sante du Quebec. Dr Correa was supported by contracts HH-SN268201300046C (principal investigator, Dr Correa) and HHSN268201300047C (principal investigator, Dr Correa); subaward from HHSN268201300049C (principal investigator, Payton) from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute and the National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities; grant 1U01AT006239-01 (principal investigator, Marshall) from the National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine; and subaward from P60MD002249-01 (principal investigator, Diez-Roux) from the National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities. Dr Nembhard was supported by funds from the Arkansas Biosciences Institute. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 38 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 0009-7322 EI 1524-4539 J9 CIRCULATION JI Circulation PD JUL 12 PY 2016 VL 134 IS 2 BP 101 EP + DI 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.115.019307 PG 25 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA DR8EA UT WOS:000380130000007 PM 27382105 ER PT J AU Kioko, U Riley, C Dellicour, S Were, V Ouma, P Gutman, J Kariuki, S Omar, A Desai, M Buff, AM AF Kioko, Urbanus Riley, Christina Dellicour, Stephanie Were, Vincent Ouma, Peter Gutman, Julie Kariuki, Simon Omar, Ahmeddin Desai, Meghna Buff, Ann M. TI A cross-sectional study of the availability and price of anti-malarial medicines and malaria rapid diagnostic tests in private sector retail drug outlets in rural Western Kenya, 2013 SO MALARIA JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Malaria; Anti-malarials; Diagnostic tests; Private sector; Kenya ID DIHYDROARTEMISININ-PIPERAQUINE; ARTEMETHER-LUMEFANTRINE; CHILDREN AB Background: Although anti-malarial medicines are free in Kenyan public health facilities, patients often seek treatment from private sector retail drug outlets. In mid-2010, the Affordable Medicines Facility-malaria (AMFm) was introduced to make quality-assured artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT) accessible and affordable in private and public sectors. Methods: Private sector retail drug outlets stocking anti-malarial medications within a surveillance area of approximately 220,000 people in a malaria perennial high-transmission area in rural western Kenya were identified via a census in September 2013. A cross-sectional study was conducted in September-October 2013 to determine availability and price of anti-malarial medicines and malaria rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) in drug outlets. A standardized questionnaire was administered to collect drug outlet and personnel characteristics and availability and price of anti-malarials and RDTs. Results: Of 181 drug outlets identified, 179 (99 %) participated in the survey. Thirteen percent were registered pharmacies, 25 % informal drug shops, 46 % general shops, 13 % homesteads and 2 % other. One hundred sixty-five (92 %) had at least one ACT type: 162 (91 %) had recommended first-line artemether-lumefantrine (AL), 22 (12 %) had recommended second-line dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine (DHA-PPQ), 85 (48 %) had sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP), 60 (34 %) had any quinine (QN) formulation, and 14 (8 %) had amodiaquine (AQ) monotherapy. The mean price (range) of an adult treatment course for AL was $1.01 ($0.35-4.71); DHA-PPQ was $4.39 ($0.71-7.06); QN tablets were $2.24 ($0.12-4.71); SP was $0.62 ($0.24-2.35); AQ monotherapy was $0.42 ($0.24-1.06). The mean AL price with or without the AMFm logo did not differ significantly ($1.01 and 1.07, respectively; p = 0.45). Only 17 (10 %) drug outlets had RDTs; 149 (84 %) never stocked RDTs. The mean RDT price was $0.92 ($0.24-2.35). Conclusions: Most outlets never stocked RDTs; therefore, testing prior to treatment was unlikely for customers seeking treatment in the private retail sector. The recommended first-line treatment, AL, was widely available. Although SP and AQ monotherapy are not recommended for treatment, both were less expensive than AL, which might have caused preferential use by customers. Interventions that create community demand for malaria diagnostic testing prior to treatment and that increase RDT availability should be encouraged. C1 [Kioko, Urbanus; Omar, Ahmeddin] Minist Hlth, Malaria Control Unit, Afya House,Cathedral Rd,POB 30016, Nairobi 00100, Kenya. [Kioko, Urbanus] Minist Hlth, Field Epidemiol & Lab Training Programme, Afya House,Cathedral Rd,POB 30016, Nairobi 00100, Kenya. [Riley, Christina] Emory Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, 1518 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Dellicour, Stephanie] Univ Liverpool Liverpool Sch Trop Med, Pembroke Pl, Liverpool L3 5QA, Merseyside, England. [Were, Vincent; Ouma, Peter; Kariuki, Simon] Ctr Global Hlth Res, KEMRI, Box 1578, Kisumu 40100, Kenya. [Gutman, Julie; Desai, Meghna; Buff, Ann M.] CDC, Malaria Branch, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Ctr Global Hlth, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop A-06, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Buff, Ann M.] US Presidents Malaria Initiat, United Nations Ave,Village Market,POB 606, Nairobi 00621, Kenya. RP Buff, AM (reprint author), CDC, Malaria Branch, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Ctr Global Hlth, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop A-06, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM ali3@cdc.gov FU United States President's Malaria Initiative; U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID); U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC); CDC; Kenya Medical Research Institute FX This publication was made possible through financial support provided by the United States President's Malaria Initiative, U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID) and U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), under the terms of an Interagency Agreement between CDC and USAID and through a Cooperative Agreement between CDC and the Kenya Medical Research Institute. The sponsor of the study had no role in study design, data collection, data analysis, data interpretation, or writing of the manuscript. NR 23 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1475-2875 J9 MALARIA J JI Malar. J. PD JUL 12 PY 2016 VL 15 AR 359 DI 10.1186/s12936-016-1404-5 PG 8 WC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine SC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine GA DQ8KP UT WOS:000379460000005 PM 27406179 ER PT J AU Yarnoff, BO Hoerger, TJ Simpson, SA Pavkov, ME Burrows, NR Shrestha, SS Williams, DE Zhuo, XH AF Yarnoff, Benjamin O. Hoerger, Thomas J. Simpson, Siobhan A. Pavkov, Meda E. Burrows, Nilka R. Shrestha, Sundar S. Williams, Desmond E. Zhuo, Xiaohui TI The Cost-Effectiveness of Anemia Treatment for Persons with Chronic Kidney Disease SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID ERYTHROPOIESIS-STIMULATING AGENTS; QUALITY-OF-LIFE; HEMODIALYSIS-PATIENTS; DARBEPOETIN ALPHA; CKD; HEALTH; NUTRITION; MORTALITY; THERAPY; EPOETIN AB Background Although major guidelines uniformly recommend iron supplementation and erythropoietin stimulating agents (ESAs) for managing chronic anemia in persons with chronic kidney disease (CKD), there are differences in the recommended hemoglobin (Hb) treatment target and no guidelines consider the costs or cost-effectiveness of treatment. In this study, we explored the most cost-effective Hb target for anemia treatment in persons with CKD stages 3-4. Methods and Findings The CKD Health Policy Model was populated with a synthetic cohort of persons over age 30 with prevalent CKD stages 3-4 (i.e., not on dialysis) and anemia created from the 19992010 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICERs), computed as incremental cost divided by incremental quality adjusted life years (QALYs), were assessed for Hb targets of 10 g/dl to 13 g/dl at 0.5 g/dl increments. Targeting a Hb of 10 g/dl resulted in an ICER of $32,111 compared with no treatment and targeting a Hb of 10.5 g/dI resulted in an ICER of $32,475 compared with a Hb target of 10 g/dl. QALYs increased to 4.63 for a Hb target of 10 g/dl and to 4.75 for a target of 10.5 g/dl or 11 g/dl. Any treatment target above 11 g/dl increased medical costs and decreased QALYs. Conclusions In persons over age 30 with CKD stages 3-4, anemia treatment is most cost-effective when targeting a Hb level of 10.5 g/dl. This study provides important information for framing guidelines related to treatment of anemia in persons with CKD. C1 [Yarnoff, Benjamin O.; Hoerger, Thomas J.; Simpson, Siobhan A.] RTI Int, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Pavkov, Meda E.; Burrows, Nilka R.; Shrestha, Sundar S.; Williams, Desmond E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Zhuo, Xiaohui] Merck Res Labs, N Wales, PA USA. RP Yarnoff, BO (reprint author), RTI Int, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM byarnoff@rti.org FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) [200-2008-27958] FX This research was supported by funding (Contract #200-2008-27958) from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of CDC. Xiaohui Zhuo is now employed by Merck Laboratories, but was employed by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention while working on this project. The funder provided support in the form of salaries for authors BOY, TJH, SAS, MEP, NRB, SSS, DEW, and XZ, but did not have any additional role in the study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. The specific roles of these authors are articulated in the 'author contributions' section. NR 34 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 9 U2 9 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JUL 12 PY 2016 VL 11 IS 7 AR e0157323 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0157323 PG 14 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA DQ9CO UT WOS:000379508200002 PM 27404556 ER PT J AU Yin, SM Njai, R Barker, L Siegel, PZ Liao, YL AF Yin, Shaoman Njai, Rashid Barker, Lawrence Siegel, Paul Z. Liao, Youlian TI Summarizing health-related quality of life (HRQOL): development and testing of a one-factor model SO POPULATION HEALTH METRICS LA English DT Article DE Health-related quality of life; Summary score; Factor analysis ID RISK-FACTOR SURVEILLANCE; FOR-DISEASE-CONTROL; MEASUREMENT INVARIANCE; FIT INDEXES; SCALE; INSTRUMENTS; POPULATION; SATISFACTION; ADOLESCENTS; PERFORMANCE AB Background: Health-related quality of life (HRQOL) is a multi-dimensional concept commonly used to examine the impact of health status on quality of life. HRQOL is often measured by four core questions that asked about general health status and number of unhealthy days in the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS). Use of these measures individually, however, may not provide a cohesive picture of overall HRQOL. To address this concern, this study developed and tested a method for combining these four measures into a summary score. Methods: Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were performed using BRFSS 2013 data to determine potential numerical relationships among the four HRQOL items. We also examined the stability of our proposed one-factor model over time by using BRFSS 2001-2010 and BRFSS 2011-2013 data sets. Results: Both exploratory factor analysis and goodness of fit tests supported the notion that one summary factor could capture overall HRQOL. Confirmatory factor analysis indicated acceptable goodness of fit of this model. The predicted factor score showed good validity with all of the four HRQOL items. In addition, use of the one-factor model showed stability, with no changes being detected from 2001 to 2013. Conclusion: Instead of using four individual items to measure HRQOL, it is feasible to study overall HRQOL via factor analysis with one underlying construct. The resulting summary score of HRQOL may be used for health evaluation, subgroup comparison, trend monitoring, and risk factor identification. C1 [Yin, Shaoman] SciMetrika LLC, 100 Capitola Dr, Durham, NC 27701 USA. [Njai, Rashid; Barker, Lawrence; Siegel, Paul Z.; Liao, Youlian] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 4770 Buford Highway NE, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Yin, SM (reprint author), SciMetrika LLC, 100 Capitola Dr, Durham, NC 27701 USA. EM wso3@cdc.gov NR 33 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1478-7954 J9 POPUL HEALTH METR JI Popul. Health Metr. PD JUL 11 PY 2016 VL 14 AR 22 DI 10.1186/s12963-016-0091-3 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DR4TC UT WOS:000379894500001 PM 27408606 ER PT J AU Asturias, EJ Bandyopadhyay, AS Self, S Rivera, L Saez-Llorens, X Lopez, E Melgar, M Gaensbauer, JT Weldon, WC Oberste, MS Borate, BR Gast, C Clemens, R Orenstein, W O'Ryan, GM Jimeno, J Clemens, SAC Ward, J Ruttimann, R AF Asturias, Edwin J. Bandyopadhyay, Ananda S. Self, Steve Rivera, Luis Saez-Llorens, Xavier Lopez, Eduardo Melgar, Mario Gaensbauer, James T. Weldon, William C. Oberste, M. Steven Borate, Bhavesh R. Gast, Chris Clemens, Ralf Orenstein, Walter Miguel O'Ryan, G. Jimeno, Jose Costa Clemens, Sue Ann Ward, Joel Ruettimann, Ricardo CA Latin Amer IPV001BMG Study Grp TI Humoral and intestinal immunity induced by new schedules of bivalent oral poliovirus vaccine and one or two doses of inactivated poliovirus vaccine in Latin American infants: an open-label randomised controlled trial SO LANCET LA English DT Article ID TRAINED IMMUNITY; NON-INFERIORITY; IMMUNOGENICITY; POLIOMYELITIS AB Background Replacement of the trivalent oral poliovirus vaccine (tOPV) with bivalent types 1 and 3 oral poliovirus vaccine (bOPV) and global introduction of inactivated poliovirus vaccine (IPV) are major steps in the polio endgame strategy. In this study, we assessed humoral and intestinal immunity in Latin American infants after three doses of bOPV combined with zero, one, or two doses of IPV. Methods This open-label randomised controlled multicentre trial was part of a larger study. 6-week-old full-term infants due for their first polio vaccinations, who were healthy on physical examination, with no obvious medical conditions and no known chronic medical disorders, were enrolled from four investigational sites in Colombia, Dominican Republic, Guatemala, and Panama. The infants were randomly assigned by permuted block randomisation (through the use of a computer-generated list, block size 36) to nine groups, of which five will be discussed in this report. These five groups were randomly assigned 1: 1: 1: 1 to four permutations of schedule: groups 1 and 2 (control groups) received bOPV at 6, 10, and 14 weeks; group 3 (also a control group, which did not count as a permutation) received tOPV at 6, 10, and 14 weeks; group 4 received bOPV plus one dose of IPV at 14 weeks; and group 5 received bOPV plus two doses of IPV at 14 and 36 weeks. Infants in all groups were challenged with monovalent type 2 vaccine (mOPV2) at 18 weeks (groups 1, 3, and 4) or 40 weeks (groups 2 and 5). The primary objective was to assess the superiority of bOPV-IPV schedules over bOPV alone, as assessed by the primary endpoints of humoral immunity (neutralising antibodies-ie, seroconversion) to all three serotypes and intestinal immunity (faecal viral shedding post-challenge) to serotype 2, analysed in the per-protocol population. Serious and medically important adverse events were monitored for up to 6 months after the study vaccination. This study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT01831050, and has been completed. Findings Between May 20, 2013, and Aug 15, 2013, 940 eligible infants were enrolled and randomly assigned to the five treatment groups (210 to group 1, 210 to group 2, 100 to group 3, 210 to group 4, and 210 to group 5). One infant in group 1 was not vaccinated because their parents withdrew consent after enrolment and randomisation, so 939 infants actually received the vaccinations. Three doses of bOPV or tOPV elicited type 1 and 3 seroconversion rates of at least 97 . 7%. Type 2 seroconversion occurred in 19 of 198 infants (9 . 6%, 95% CI 6 . 2-14 . 5) in the bOPV-only groups, 86 of 88 (97 . 7%, 92 . 1-99 . 4) in the tOPV-only group (p<0 . 0001 vs bOPV-only), and 156 of 194 (80 . 4%, 74 . 3-85 . 4) infants in the bOPV-one dose of IPV group (p<0 . 0001 vs bOPV-only). A further 20 of 193 (10%) infants in the latter group seroconverted 1 week after mOPV2 challenge, resulting in around 98% of infants being seropositive against type 2. After a bOPV-two IPV schedule, all 193 infants (100%, 98 . 0-100; p<0 . 0001 vs bOPV-only) seroconverted to type 2. IPV induced small but signifi cant decreases in a composite serotype 2 viral shedding index after mOPV2 challenge. 21 serious adverse events were reported in 20 patients during the study, including two that were judged to be possibly related to the vaccines. Most of the serious adverse events (18 [86%] of 21) and 24 (80%) of the 30 important medical events reported were infections and infestations. No deaths occurred during the study. Interpretation bOPV provided humoral protection similar to tOPV against polio serotypes 1 and 3. After one or two IPV doses in addition to bOPV, 80% and 100% of infants seroconverted, respectively, and the vaccination induced a degree of intestinal immunity against type 2 poliovirus. C1 [Asturias, Edwin J.; Gaensbauer, James T.] Univ Colorado, Dept Pediat, Sch Med, Aurora, CO USA. [Asturias, Edwin J.; Gaensbauer, James T.] Childrens Hosp Colorado, Aurora, CO USA. [Asturias, Edwin J.; Gaensbauer, James T.] Colorado Sch Publ Hlth, Ctr Global Hlth, Aurora, CO USA. [Asturias, Edwin J.] Colorado Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Aurora, CO USA. [Bandyopadhyay, Ananda S.] Bill & Melinda Gates Fdn, Seattle, WA USA. [Self, Steve; Borate, Bhavesh R.; Gast, Chris] Fred Hutchinson Canc Res Ctr, 1124 Columbia St, Seattle, WA 98104 USA. [Rivera, Luis] Ctr Neonatal Res, Santo Domingo, Dominican Rep. [Saez-Llorens, Xavier] Hosp Nino Dr Jose Renan Esquivel, Panama City, Panama. [Lopez, Eduardo] Univ Valle, Dept Pediat, Cali, Colombia. [Lopez, Eduardo] Ctr Estudios Infectol Pediat, Cali, Colombia. [Melgar, Mario] Hosp Roosevelt, Guatemala City, Guatemala. [Melgar, Mario] Univ Francisco, Marroquin Sch Med, Guatemala City, Guatemala. [Weldon, William C.; Oberste, M. Steven] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Orenstein, Walter] Emory Vaccine Ctr, Atlanta, GA USA. [Miguel O'Ryan, G.] Univ Chile, Fac Med, Santiago, Chile. [Jimeno, Jose] Vaxtrials, Panama City, Panama. [Clemens, Ralf; Costa Clemens, Sue Ann] Global Res Infect Dis, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. [Ward, Joel] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Geffin Sch Med, Harbor UCLA Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Ruettimann, Ricardo] FIDEC, Miami, FL USA. RP Asturias, EJ (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Sch Med, Dept Pediat & Infect Dis, 13199 East Montview Blvd,Suite 310, Aurora, CO 80045 USA.; Asturias, EJ (reprint author), Colorado Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, 13199 East Montview Blvd,Suite 310, Aurora, CO 80045 USA.; Asturias, EJ (reprint author), Colorado Sch Publ Hlth, Ctr Global Hlth, 13199 East Montview Blvd,Suite 310, Aurora, CO 80045 USA. EM edwin.asturias@ucdenver.edu OI Bandyopadhyay, Ananda/0000-0002-8395-2001 FU Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation FX Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation. NR 20 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 6 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0140-6736 EI 1474-547X J9 LANCET JI Lancet PD JUL 9 PY 2016 VL 388 IS 10040 BP 158 EP 169 DI 10.1016/S0140-6736(16)00703-0 PG 12 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA DQ5TZ UT WOS:000379269200031 PM 27212429 ER PT J AU Larson, BA Rockers, PC Bonawitz, R Sriruttan, C Glencross, DK Cassim, N Coetzee, LM Greene, GS Chiller, TM Vallabhaneni, S Long, L van Rensburg, C Govender, NP AF Larson, Bruce A. Rockers, Peter C. Bonawitz, Rachael Sriruttan, Charlotte Glencross, Deborah K. Cassim, Naseem Coetzee, Lindi M. Greene, Gregory S. Chiller, Tom M. Vallabhaneni, Snigdha Long, Lawrence van Rensburg, Craig Govender, Nelesh P. TI Screening HIV-Infected Patients with Low CD4 Counts for Cryptococcal Antigenemia prior to Initiation of Antiretroviral Therapy: Cost Effectiveness of Alternative Screening Strategies in South Africa SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID MORTALITY; COHORT; ADULTS; CARE AB Background In 2015 South Africa established a national cryptococcal antigenemia (CrAg) screening policy targeted at HIV-infected patients with CD4+ T-lymphocyte (CD4) counts <100 cells/mu l who are not yet on antiretroviral treatment (ART). Two screening strategies are included in national guidelines: reflex screening, where a CrAg test is performed on remnant blood samples from CD4 testing; and provider-initiated screening, where providers order a CrAg test after a patient returns for CD4 test results. The objective of this study was to compare costs and effectiveness of these two screening strategies. Methods We developed a decision analytic model to compare reflex and provider-initiated screening in terms of programmatic and health outcomes (number screened, number identified for preemptive treatment, lives saved, and discounted years of life saved) and screening and treatment costs (2015 USD). We estimated a base case with prevalence and other parameters based on data collected during CrAg screening pilot projects integrated into routine HIV care in Gauteng, Free State, and Western Cape Provinces. We conducted sensitivity analyses to explore how results change with underlying parameter assumptions. Results In the base case, for each 100,000 CD4 tests, the reflex strategy compared to the provider-initiated strategy has higher screening costs ($37,536 higher) but lower treatment costs ($55,165 lower), so overall costs of screening and treatment are $17,629 less with the reflex strategy. The reflex strategy saves more lives (30 lives, 647 additional years of life saved). Sensitivity analyses suggest that reflex screening dominates provider-initiated screening ( lower total costs and more lives saved) or saves additional lives for small additional costs (<$125 per life year) across a wide range of conditions (CrAg prevalence, patient and provider behavior, patient survival without treatment, and effectiveness of preemptive fluconazole treatment). Conclusions In countries with substantial numbers of people with untreated, advanced HIV disease such as South Africa, CrAg screening before initiation of ART has the potential to reduce cryptococcal meningitis and save lives. Reflex screening compared to provider-initiated screening saves more lives and is likely to be cost saving or have low additional costs per additional year of life saved. C1 [Larson, Bruce A.; Rockers, Peter C.; Bonawitz, Rachael] Boston Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Global Hlth, Boston, MA USA. [Sriruttan, Charlotte; Govender, Nelesh P.] Natl Inst Communicable Dis, Ctr Opportunist Trop & Hosp Infect, Johannesburg, South Africa. [Glencross, Deborah K.; Cassim, Naseem; Coetzee, Lindi M.] Natl Hlth Lab Serv, Johannesburg, South Africa. [Glencross, Deborah K.; Cassim, Naseem; Coetzee, Lindi M.; Long, Lawrence; van Rensburg, Craig; Govender, Nelesh P.] Univ Witwatersrand, Fac Hlth Sci, Johannesburg, South Africa. [Long, Lawrence; van Rensburg, Craig] Wits Hlth Consortium, Hlth Econ & Epidemiol Off, Johannesburg, South Africa. [Greene, Gregory S.; Chiller, Tom M.; Vallabhaneni, Snigdha] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Mycot Dis Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Bonawitz, Rachael] Boston Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Boston, MA 02118 USA. RP Larson, BA (reprint author), Boston Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Global Hlth, Boston, MA USA. EM blarson@bu.edu OI Cassim, Naseem/0000-0003-4389-2849; Long, Lawrence/0000-0003-4986-4988 FU CDC Foundation FX Boston University School of Public received a grant from the CDC Foundation, which provided support to BU and HE2RO related authors for completing this analysis. The funder had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 30 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 3 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JUL 8 PY 2016 VL 11 IS 7 AR e0158986 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0158986 PG 23 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA DR6IK UT WOS:000380005400181 PM 27390864 ER PT J AU Akuffo, R Brandful, JAM Zayed, A Adjei, A Watany, N Fahmy, NT Hughes, R Doman, B Voegborlo, SV Aziati, D Pratt, D Awuni, JA Adams, N Dueger, E AF Akuffo, R. Brandful, J. A. M. Zayed, A. Adjei, A. Watany, N. Fahmy, N. T. Hughes, R. Doman, B. Voegborlo, S. V. Aziati, D. Pratt, D. Awuni, J. A. Adams, N. Dueger, E. TI Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus in livestock ticks and animal handler seroprevalence at an abattoir in Ghana SO BMC INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever virus; Crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever; Seroprevalence; Ticks; Ambylomma; Hyalomma; Boophilus; Livestock; Abattoir; Ghana ID AMBLYOMMA-VARIEGATUM; QUANTIFICATION; REPLICATION; PROVINCE; IRAN AB Background: Crimean-Congo Haemorrhagic Fever Virus (CCHFV) is a zoonotic virus transmitted by Ixodid ticks and causes Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) disease in humans with up to 50 % mortality rate. Methods: Freshly slaughtered livestock at the Kumasi abattoir in the Ashanti Region of Ghana were examined for the presence of ticks once a month over a 6-month period from May to November 2011. The ticks were grouped into pools by species, sex, and animal source. CCHFV was detected in the ticks using reverse transcription PCR. Blood samples were collected from enrolled abattoir workers at initiation, and from those who reported fever in a preceding 30-day period during monthly visits 2-5 months after initiation. Six months after initiation, all participants who provided baseline samples were invited to provide blood samples. Serology was performed using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Demographic and epidemiological data was also obtained from enrolled participants using a structured questionnaire. Results: Of 428 freshly slaughtered animals comprising 130 sheep, 149 cattle, and 149 goats examined, 144 ticks belonging to the genera Ambylomma, Hyalomma and Boophilus were identified from 57 (13.3 %): 52 (34.9 %), 4 (3.1 %) and 1 (0.7 %) cattle, sheep and goat respectively. Of 97 tick pools tested, 5 pools comprising 1 pool of Hyalomma excavatum and 4 pools of Ambylomma variegatum, collected from cattle, were positive for CCHFV. Of 188 human serum samples collected from 108 abattoir workers, 7 (3.7 %) samples from 6 persons were anti-CCHF IgG positive with one of them also being CCHF IgM positive. The seroprevalence of CCHFV identified in this study was 5.7 %. Conclusions: This study detected human exposure to CCHF virus in slaughterhouse workers and also identified the CCHF virus in proven vectors (ticks) of Crimean Congo hemorrhagic fever in Ghana. The CCHFV was detected only in ticks collected from cattle, one of the livestock known to play a role in the amplification of the CCHF virus. C1 [Akuffo, R.; Zayed, A.; Watany, N.; Fahmy, N. T.; Hughes, R.; Doman, B.; Voegborlo, S. V.; Adams, N.; Dueger, E.] US Naval Med Res Unit 3, Cairo, Egypt. [Dueger, E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Akuffo, R.; Brandful, J. A. M.; Aziati, D.; Pratt, D.] Univ Ghana, Noguchi Mem Inst Med Res, Accra, Ghana. [Adjei, A.] Univ Ghana, Accra, Ghana. [Awuni, J. A.] Vet Serv Ghana, Accra, Ghana. [Akuffo, R.] Adjacent Abbassia Fever Hosp, FPO, NAMRU 3,PSC 452,POB 5000, Cairo, Egypt. RP Akuffo, R (reprint author), US Naval Med Res Unit 3, Cairo, Egypt.; Akuffo, R (reprint author), Univ Ghana, Noguchi Mem Inst Med Res, Accra, Ghana. EM Richard.akuffo@gmail.com FU US Department of Defense Global Emerging Infections System [847705.82000.25GB.E0018] FX This project was funded by the US Department of Defense Global Emerging Infections System, work unit 847705.82000.25GB.E0018. NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 9 U2 9 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2334 J9 BMC INFECT DIS JI BMC Infect. Dis. PD JUL 8 PY 2016 VL 16 AR 324 DI 10.1186/s12879-016-1660-6 PG 5 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA DR1BO UT WOS:000379641200001 PM 27392037 ER PT J AU Pettigrew, MM Gent, JF Kong, Y Wade, M Gansebom, S Bramley, AM Jain, S Arnold, SLR McCullers, JA AF Pettigrew, Melinda M. Gent, Janneane F. Kong, Yong Wade, Martina Gansebom, Shane Bramley, Anna M. Jain, Seema Arnold, Sandra L. R. McCullers, Jonathan A. TI Association of sputum microbiota profiles with severity of community-acquired pneumonia in children SO BMC INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Microbiota; Microbial communities; Respiratory tract; Pneumonia; Children ID UPPER RESPIRATORY-TRACT; HAEMOPHILUS-INFLUENZAE; INDIRECT PATHOGENICITY; PULMONARY INFECTIONS; US CHILDREN; LUNG; HEALTHY; HOSPITALIZATION; COLONIZATION; PATHOGENESIS AB Background: Competitive interactions among bacteria in the respiratory tract microbiota influence which species can colonize and potentially contribute to pathogenesis of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). However, understanding of the role of respiratory tract microbiota in the clinical course of pediatric CAP is limited. Methods: We sought to compare microbiota profiles in induced sputum and nasopharyngeal/oropharyngeal (NP/OP) samples from children and to identify microbiota profiles associated with CAP severity. We used 16S ribosomal RNA sequencing and several measures of microbiota profiles, including principal component analysis (PCA), to describe the respiratory microbiota in 383 children, 6 months to <18 years, hospitalized with CAP. We examined associations between induced sputum and NP/OP microbiota profiles and CAP severity (hospital length of stay and intensive care unit admission) using logistic regression. Results: Relative abundance of bacterial taxa differed in induced sputum and NP/OP samples. In children 6 months to <5 years, the sputum PCA factor with high relative abundance of Actinomyces, Veillonella, Rothia, and Lactobacillales was associated with decreased odds of length of stay >= 4 days [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 0.69; 95 % confidence interval (CI) 0.48-0.99]. The sputum factor with high relative abundance of Haemophilus and Pasteurellaceae was associated with increased odds of intensive care unit admission [aOR 1.52; 95 % CI 1.02-2.26]. In children 5 to <18 years, the sputum factor with high relative abundance of Porphyromonadaceae, Bacteriodales, Lactobacillales, and Prevotella was associated with increased odds of length of stay >= 4 days [aOR 1.52; 95 % CI 1.02-2.26]. Taxa in NP/OP samples were not associated with CAP severity. Conclusion: Certain taxa in the respiratory microbiota, which were detected in induced sputum samples, are associated with the clinical course of CAP. C1 [Pettigrew, Melinda M.; Gent, Janneane F.; Wade, Martina] Yale Sch Publ Hlth, New Haven, CT 06515 USA. [Kong, Yong] Yale Sch Med, New Haven, CT USA. [Gansebom, Shane; McCullers, Jonathan A.] St Jude Childrens Res Hosp, 332 N Lauderdale St, Memphis, TN 38105 USA. [Bramley, Anna M.; Jain, Seema] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Arnold, Sandra L. R.; McCullers, Jonathan A.] Univ Tennessee, Ctr Hlth Sci, Memphis, TN 38163 USA. [Pettigrew, Melinda M.] Yale Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol Microbial Dis, 60 Coll St,LEPH 720, New Haven, CT 06515 USA. RP Pettigrew, MM (reprint author), Yale Sch Publ Hlth, New Haven, CT 06515 USA.; Pettigrew, MM (reprint author), Yale Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol Microbial Dis, 60 Coll St,LEPH 720, New Haven, CT 06515 USA. EM melinda.pettigrew@yale.edu FU National Institutes of Health [R21DC011667]; Centers for Disease Control [U18 IP-000489]; American Lebanese Syrian Associated Charities FX This work was supported by the National Institutes of Health (grant R21DC011667 to MMP), Centers for Disease Control (grant U18 IP-000489 to JAM), and American Lebanese Syrian Associated Charities. The National Institutes of Health and the American Lebanese Syrian Associated Charities had no role in study design, data collection and interpretation, or the decision to submit the work for publication. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 55 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 6 U2 13 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2334 J9 BMC INFECT DIS JI BMC Infect. Dis. PD JUL 8 PY 2016 VL 16 AR 317 DI 10.1186/s12879-016-1670-4 PG 12 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA DR1BW UT WOS:000379642000001 PM 27391033 ER PT J AU Weiniger, CF Lyell, DJ Tsen, LC Butwick, AJ Shachar, B Callaghan, WM Creanga, AA Bateman, BT AF Weiniger, Carolyn F. Lyell, Deirdre J. Tsen, Lawrence C. Butwick, Alexander J. Shachar, BatZion Callaghan, William M. Creanga, Andreea A. Bateman, Brian T. TI Maternal outcomes of term breech presentation delivery: impact of successful external cephalic version in a nationwide sample of delivery admissions in the United States SO BMC PREGNANCY AND CHILDBIRTH LA English DT Article DE Breech; Cesarean delivery; External cephalic version; Maternal morbidity ID PRIMARY CESAREAN DELIVERY; VAGINAL BIRTH; RISK; MORBIDITY; RATES; ASSOCIATION; PREDICTORS; MORTALITY; SECTION; WOMEN AB Background: We aimed to define the frequency and predictors of successful external cephalic version in a nationally-representative cohort of women with breech presentations and to compare maternal outcomes associated with successful external cephalic version versus persistent breech presentation. Methods: Using the Nationwide Inpatient Sample, a United States healthcare utilization database, we identified delivery admissions between 1998 and 2011 for women who had successful external cephalic version or persistent breech presentation (including unsuccessful or no external cephalic version attempt) at term. Multivariable logistic regression identified patient and hospital-level factors associated with successful external cephalic version. Maternal outcomes were compared between women who had successful external cephalic version versus persistent breech. Results: Our study cohort comprised 1,079,576 delivery admissions with breech presentation; 56,409 (5.2 %) women underwent successful external cephalic version and 1,023,167 (94.8 %) women had persistent breech presentation at the time of delivery. The rate of cesarean delivery was lower among women who had successful external cephalic version compared to those with persistent breech (20.2 % vs. 94.9 %; p < 0.001). Compared to women with persistent breech at the time of delivery, women with successful external cephalic version were also less likely to experience several measures of significant maternal morbidity including endometritis (adjusted Odds Ratio (aOR) = 0.36, 95 % Confidence Interval (CI) 0.24-0.52), sepsis (aOR = 0.35, 95 % CI 0.24-0.51) and length of stay > 7 days (aOR = 0.53, 95 % CI 0.40-0.70), but had a higher risk of chorioamnionitis (aOR = 1.83, 95 % CI 1.54-2.17). Conclusions: Overall a low proportion of women with breech presentation undergo successful external cephalic version, and it is associated with significant reduction in the frequency of cesarean delivery and a number of measures of maternal morbidity. Increased external cephalic version use may be an important approach to mitigate the high rate of cesarean delivery observed in the United States. C1 [Weiniger, Carolyn F.] Hadassah Hebrew Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Anesthesiol & Crit Care Med, POB 12000, Jerusalem, Israel. [Lyell, Deirdre J.] Stanford Univ, Sch Med, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Tsen, Lawrence C.] Harvard Med Sch, Brigham & Womens Hosp, Dept Anesthesiol Perioperat & Pain Med, Boston, MA USA. [Butwick, Alexander J.] Stanford Univ, Dept Anesthesiol Perioperat & Pain Med, Sch Med, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Shachar, BatZion] Stanford Univ, Sch Med, Sheba Met & March Dimes Prematur Res Ctr, Maternal Fetal Med Unit,Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Callaghan, William M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. [Creanga, Andreea A.] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Int Ctr Maternal & Newborn Hlth, Dept Int Hlth, 615 N Wolfe St, Baltimore, MD USA. [Bateman, Brian T.] Brigham & Womens Hosp, Dept Med, Div Pharmacoepidemiol & Pharmacoecon, 75 Francis St, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Bateman, Brian T.] Harvard Med Sch, Boston, MA USA. [Bateman, Brian T.] Harvard Med Sch, Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Dept Anesthesiol Crit Care & Pain Med, Boston, MA USA. RP Weiniger, CF (reprint author), Hadassah Hebrew Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Anesthesiol & Crit Care Med, POB 12000, Jerusalem, Israel. EM carolynfweiniger@gmail.com OI Butwick, Alexander/0000-0002-2048-0879 NR 34 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2393 J9 BMC PREGNANCY CHILDB JI BMC Pregnancy Childbirth PD JUL 8 PY 2016 VL 16 AR 150 DI 10.1186/s12884-016-0941-9 PG 7 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA DR0NX UT WOS:000379605300001 PM 27392035 ER PT J AU Viens, LJ Henley, J Thom, TD AF Viens, Laura J. Henley, Jane Thom, Trevor D. TI Human Papillomavirus-Ass SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES C1 [Viens, Laura J.] CDC, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. CDC, Div Viral Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Viens, LJ (reprint author), CDC, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM lviens@cdc.gov NR 9 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 1 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD JUL 8 PY 2016 VL 65 IS 26 BP 661 EP 666 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DQ8IS UT WOS:000379454700001 PM 27387669 ER PT J AU Jones, CM Baldwin, GT Manocchio, T White, JO Mack, KA AF Jones, Christopher M. Baldwin, Grant T. Manocchio, Teresa White, Jessica O. Mack, Karin A. TI Trends in Methadone Distribution for Pain Treatment, Methadone Diversion, and Overdose Deaths - United States, 2002-2014 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Article ID RISK C1 [Jones, Christopher M.; Manocchio, Teresa; White, Jessica O.] US Dept HHS, Off Assistant Secretary Planning & Evaluat, Washington, DC 20201 USA. [Baldwin, Grant T.] CDC, Div Unintent Injury Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Mack, Karin A.] CDC, Div Anal Res & Practice Integrat, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Jones, CM (reprint author), US Dept HHS, Off Assistant Secretary Planning & Evaluat, Washington, DC 20201 USA. EM Christopher.Jones@hhs.gov NR 10 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD JUL 8 PY 2016 VL 65 IS 26 BP 667 EP 671 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DQ8IS UT WOS:000379454700002 PM 27387857 ER PT J AU Sauber-Schatz, EK Ederer, DJ Dellinger, AM Baldwin, GT AF Sauber-Schatz, Erin K. Ederer, David J. Dellinger, Ann M. Baldwin, Grant T. TI Vital Signs: Motor Vehicle Injury Prevention - United States and 19 Comparison Countries SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Article ID SAFETY AB Background: Each year >32,000 deaths and 2 million nonfatal injuries occur on U.S, roads. Methods: CDC analyzed 2000 and 2013 data compiled by She World-Health Organization and the organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) to determine the number and rate of motor vehicle crash deaths in the United States and 19 other high-income OECD countries and analyzed estimated seat belt use and-the percentage of deaths that involved alcohol-impaired driving or speeding by country. Results: In 2013, the United States motor vehicle crash death rate of 10:3 per 100;000 population had decreased 31 % from the rate in 2000; among the 19 comparison countries, the rate had declined an average of 56% during this time. Among all 20 countries, the United States had the highest rate of crash deaths per 100,000 population (103); the highest rate of crash deaths per 10,000 registered vehicles (1.24), and the fifth highest rate of motor-vehicle crash deaths per 100 million vehicle miles traveled (1.10) Among countries for which information on national beat belt use was available, the United States ranked 18th out of 20 for front seat use, and 13th out of 18 for rear seat use: Among 19 countries, the United States repotted the second highest percentage of motor vehicle crash deaths involving alcohol-impaired driving (31%), and among 15, had the eighth highest percentage of crash deaths that involved speeding (29%). Conclusions and Comments; Motor vehicle injuries are predictable and preventable. Lower death, rates in other high-income countries, as well as a high prevalence; risk factors in the United States, suggest that the United State can make more progress in reducing crash deaths. With a projected increase in U.S. crash deaths hi 2015, the time is right to reassess U.S. progress and set new goals. By implementing effective strategies, including those that increase seat belt use and-reduce alcohol-impaired driving and speeding, the United States can prevent thousands of motor vehicle crash related injuries and deaths and hundreds millions of dollars in direct medical costs every year. C1 [Sauber-Schatz, Erin K.; Ederer, David J.; Dellinger, Ann M.; Baldwin, Grant T.] CDC, Div Unintent Injury Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Sauber-Schatz, Erin K.] US PHS, Washington, DC 20201 USA. RP Sauber-Schatz, EK (reprint author), CDC, Div Unintent Injury Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.; Sauber-Schatz, EK (reprint author), US PHS, Washington, DC 20201 USA. EM esauberschatz@cdc.gov NR 26 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 4 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD JUL 8 PY 2016 VL 65 IS 26 BP 672 EP 677 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DQ8IS UT WOS:000379454700003 PM 27388054 ER PT J AU Alpren, C Sloan, M Boegler, KA Martin, DW Ervin, E Washburn, F Rickert, R Singh, T Redd, JT AF Alpren, Charles Sloan, Michelle Boegler, Karen A. Martin, Daniel W. Ervin, Elizabeth Washburn, Faith Rickert, Regan Singh, Tushar Redd, John T. CA Interagency Invest Team TI Ebola Virus Disease Cluster - Northern Sierra Leone, January 2016 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Article C1 [Alpren, Charles] CDC, Sierra Leone Country Off, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Sloan, Michelle; Martin, Daniel W.; Washburn, Faith; Rickert, Regan; Redd, John T.] CDC, Div Global Hlth Protect, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Boegler, Karen A.] CDC, Div Vector Borne Dis, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Ervin, Elizabeth] CDC, Viral Special Pathogens Branch, Div High Consequence Pathogens & Pathol, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Singh, Tushar] CDC, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Martin, DW (reprint author), CDC, Div Global Hlth Protect, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM DMartin4@cdc.gov FU Wellcome Trust [100891] NR 3 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 3 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD JUL 8 PY 2016 VL 65 IS 26 BP 681 EP 682 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DQ8IS UT WOS:000379454700005 PM 27388584 ER PT J AU Johansson, MA Mier-y-Teran-Romero, L Reefhuis, J Gilboa, SM Hills, SL AF Johansson, Michael A. Mier-y-Teran-Romero, Luis Reefhuis, Jennita Gilboa, Suzanne M. Hills, Susan L. TI Zika and the Risk of Microcephaly SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material ID VIRUS C1 [Johansson, Michael A.; Mier-y-Teran-Romero, Luis; Hills, Susan L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Reefhuis, Jennita; Gilboa, Suzanne M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Congenital & Dev Disorders, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Johansson, Michael A.] Harvard TH Chan Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Boston, MA 02115 USA. RP Johansson, MA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.; Johansson, MA (reprint author), Harvard TH Chan Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Boston, MA 02115 USA. FU NIGMS NIH HHS [U54 GM088558] NR 5 TC 22 Z9 23 U1 1 U2 2 PU MASSACHUSETTS MEDICAL SOC PI WALTHAM PA WALTHAM WOODS CENTER, 860 WINTER ST,, WALTHAM, MA 02451-1413 USA SN 0028-4793 EI 1533-4406 J9 NEW ENGL J MED JI N. Engl. J. Med. PD JUL 7 PY 2016 VL 375 IS 1 BP 1 EP 4 DI 10.1056/NEJMp1605367 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA EL8VA UT WOS:000394897200001 PM 27222919 ER PT J AU Waruru, A Muttai, H Ng'ang'a, L Ackers, M Kim, A Miruka, F Erick, O Okonji, J Ayuaya, T Schwarcz, S AF Waruru, Anthony Muttai, Hellen Ng'ang'a, Lucy Ackers, Marta Kim, Andrea Miruka, Fredrick Erick, Opiyo Okonji, Julie Ayuaya, Tolbert Schwarcz, Sandra TI Positive Predictive Value of the WHO Clinical and Immunologic Criteria to Predict Viral Load Failure among Adults on First, or Second-Line Antiretroviral Therapy in Kenya SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID RESOURCE-LIMITED SETTINGS; DRIED BLOOD SPOTS; PLASMA; RNA AB Routine HIV viral load (VL) monitoring is the standard of care for persons receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART) in developed countries. Although the World Health Organization recommends annual VL monitoring of patients on ART, recognizing difficulties in conducting routine VL testing, the WHO continues to recommend targeted VL testing to confirm treatment failure for persons who meet selected immunologic and clinical criteria. Studies have measured positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value, sensitivity and specificity of these criteria among patients receiving first-line ART but not specifically among those on second-line or subsequent regimens. Between 2008 and 2011, adult ART patients in Nyanza, Kenya who met national clinical or immunologic criteria for treatment failure received targeted VL testing. We calculated PPV and 95% confidence intervals (CI) of these criteria to detect virologic treatment failure among patients receiving a) first-line ART, b) second/subsequent ART, and c) any regimen. Of 12,134 patient specimens tested, 2,874 (23.7%) were virologically confirmed as treatment failures. The PPV for 2,834 first-line ART patients who met either the clinical or immunologic criteria for treatment failure was 34.4% (95% CI 33.2-35.7), 33.1% (95% CI 24.7-42.3) for the 40 patients on second-line/subsequent regimens, and 33.4%(95% CI 33.1-35.6) for any ART. PPV, regardless of criteria, for first-line ART patients was lowest among patients over 44 years old and highest for patients aged 15 to 34 years. PPV of immunological and clinical criteria for correctly identifying treatment failure was similarly low for adult patients receiving either first-line or second-line/subsequent ART regimens. Our data confirm the inadequacy of clinical and immunologic criteria to correctly identify treatment failure and support the implementation of routine VL testing. C1 [Waruru, Anthony; Muttai, Hellen; Ng'ang'a, Lucy; Miruka, Fredrick] CDC, US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Nairobi, Kenya. [Ackers, Marta; Kim, Andrea] CDC, US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Erick, Opiyo; Okonji, Julie; Ayuaya, Tolbert] Kenya Govt Med Res Ctr, Kisumu, Kenya. [Schwarcz, Sandra] San Francisco Dept Publ Hlth, San Francisco, CA USA. [Schwarcz, Sandra] Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. RP Waruru, A (reprint author), CDC, US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Nairobi, Kenya. EM awaruru@cdc.gov FU University of California San Francisco International Traineeships in AIDS Prevention Studies (ITAPS), U.S. [NIMH R25MH064712]; NIH Office of AIDS Research-supported OCTAVE Project; NIMH [R25MH064712-08]; Fogarty International Center AITRP Program [D43TW00003]; US President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief from US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Division of Global HIV and TB [3U19C1000323] FX Support for this work was provided by the University of California San Francisco International Traineeships in AIDS Prevention Studies (ITAPS), U.S. NIMH R25MH064712, The NIH Office of AIDS Research-supported OCTAVE Project, NIMH-supported UCSF ITAPS Program (R25MH064712-08), the Fogarty International Center AITRP Program (D43TW00003), and the US President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief through cooperative agreement (3U19C1000323) from the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Division of Global HIV and TB.; This publication was made possible by support from the U.S. President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) through cooperative agreement 3U19C1000323from the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Division of Global HIV/AIDS (DGHA) NR 23 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JUL 6 PY 2016 VL 11 IS 7 AR e0158881 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0158881 PG 10 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA DR3NH UT WOS:000379809400090 PM 27383834 ER PT J AU Wang, DX Baudys, J Barr, JR Kalb, SR AF Wang, Dongxia Baudys, Jakub Barr, John R. Kalb, Suzanne R. TI Improved Sensitivity for the Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis of Active Ricin by MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID N-GLYCOSIDASE ACTIVITY; A-CHAIN; RIBOSOMAL-RNA; EUKARYOTIC RIBOSOMES; ENZYMATIC-ACTIVITY; STEM-LOOP; MECHANISM; RESISTANT; SAMPLES; ASSAY AB Ricin is a highly toxic protein which causes cell death by blocking protein synthesis and is considered a potential bioterrorism agent. Rapid and sensitive detection of ricin toxin in various types of sample matrices is needed as an emergency requirement for public health and antibioterrorism response. An in vitro MALDI TOF MS-based activity assay that detects ricin mediated depurination of synthetic substrates was improved through optimization of the substrate, reaction conditions, and sample preparation. In this method, the ricin is captured by a specific polycolonal antibody followed by hydrolysis reaction. The ricin activity is determined by detecting the unique cleavage product of synthetic oligomer substrates. The detection of a depurinated substrate was enhanced by using a more efficient RNA substrate and optimizing buffer components, pH, and reaction temperature. In addition, the factors involved in mass spectrometry analysis, such as MALDI matrix, plate, and sample preparation, were also investigated to improve the ionization of the depurinated product and assay reproducibility. With optimized parameters, the limit of detection of 0.2 ng/mL of ricin spiked in buffer and milk was accomplished, representing more than 2 orders of magnitude enhancement in assay sensitivity. Improving assay's ruggeddness or reproducibility also made it possible to quantitatively detect active ricin with 3 orders of magnitude dynamic range. C1 [Wang, Dongxia; Baudys, Jakub; Barr, John R.; Kalb, Suzanne R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sci Lab, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Kalb, SR (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sci Lab, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM skalb@cdc.gov NR 31 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 10 U2 21 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0003-2700 EI 1520-6882 J9 ANAL CHEM JI Anal. Chem. PD JUL 5 PY 2016 VL 88 IS 13 BP 6867 EP 6872 DI 10.1021/acs.analchem.6b01486 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA DQ7CF UT WOS:000379363800034 PM 27264550 ER PT J AU Kyabayinze, DJ Zongo, I Cunningham, J Gatton, M Angutoko, P Ategeka, J Compaore, YD Muehlenbachs, A Mulondo, J Nakalembe, M Some, FA Ouattara, A Rouamba, N Ouedraogo, JB Hopkins, H Bell, D AF Kyabayinze, Daniel J. Zongo, Issaka Cunningham, Jane Gatton, Michelle Angutoko, Patrick Ategeka, John Compaore, Yves-Daniel Muehlenbachs, Atis Mulondo, Jerry Nakalembe, Miriam Some, Fabrice A. Ouattara, Aminata Rouamba, Noel Ouedraogo, Jean-Bosco Hopkins, Heidi Bell, David TI HRP2 and pLDH-Based Rapid Diagnostic Tests, Expert Microscopy, and PCR for Detection of Malaria Infection during Pregnancy and at Delivery in Areas of Varied Transmission: A Prospective Cohort Study in Burkina Faso and Uganda SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM MALARIA; POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; LOW-BIRTH-WEIGHT; INTENSITY; AFRICA; NANORO; IMPACT; SITES; BLOOD; WOMEN AB Background Intermittent screening and treatment (IST) of malaria during pregnancy has been proposed as an alternative to intermittent preventive treatment in pregnancy (IPTp), where IPTp is failing due to drug resistance. However, the antenatal parasitaemias are frequently very low, and the most appropriate screening test for IST has not been defined. Methodology/Principal Findings We conducted a multi-center prospective study of 990 HIV-uninfected women attending ANC in two different malaria transmission settings at Tororo District Hospital, eastern Uganda and Colsama Health Center in western Burkina Faso. Women were enrolled in the study in the second or third trimester of pregnancy and followed to delivery, generating 2,597 blood samples for analysis. Screening tests included rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) targeting histidine-rich protein 2 (HRP2) and parasite lactate dehydrogenase (pLDH) and microscopy, compared to nPCR as a reference standard. At enrolment, the proportion of pregnant women who were positive for P. falciparum by HRP2/pan pLDH RDT, Pf pLDH/pan pLDH RDT, microscopy and PCR was 38%, 29%, 36% and 44% in Uganda and 21%, 16%, 15% and 35% in Burkina Faso, respectively. All test positivity rates declined during follow-up. In comparison to PCR, the sensitivity of the HRP2/pan pLDH RDT, Pf pLDH/pan pLDH RDT and microscopy was 75.7%, 60.1% and 69.7% in Uganda, 55.8%, 42.6% and 55.8% in Burkina Faso respectively for all antenatal visits. Specificity was greater than 96% for all three tests. Comparison of accuracy using generalized estimating equation revealed that the HRP2-detecting RDT was the most accurate test in both settings. Conclusions/Significance The study suggests that HRP2-based RDTs are the most appropriate point-of-care test currently available for use during pregnancy especially for symptomatic women, but will still miss some PCR-positive women. The clinical significance of these very low density infections needs to be better defined. C1 [Kyabayinze, Daniel J.; Angutoko, Patrick; Ategeka, John; Mulondo, Jerry; Hopkins, Heidi] Fdn Innovat New Diagnost, Kampala, Uganda. [Zongo, Issaka; Compaore, Yves-Daniel; Some, Fabrice A.; Ouattara, Aminata; Rouamba, Noel; Ouedraogo, Jean-Bosco] Direct Reg Ouest, IRSS, Bobo Dioulasso, Burkina Faso. [Cunningham, Jane] WHO Special Programme Res & Training Trop Dis TDR, World Bank, UNDP, UNICEF, Geneva, Switzerland. [Gatton, Michelle] Queensland Univ Technol, Sch Publ Hlth & Social Work, Brisbane, Qld 4001, Australia. [Muehlenbachs, Atis] Univ Washington, Dept Pathol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Nakalembe, Miriam] Makerere Univ, Coll Hlth Sci, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Kampala, Uganda. [Hopkins, Heidi; Bell, David] Fdn Innovat New Diagnost, Geneva, Switzerland. [Cunningham, Jane] WHO, GMP, Geneva, Switzerland. [Muehlenbachs, Atis] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Hopkins, Heidi] London Sch Trop Med & Hyg, London, England. [Bell, David] Global Good Fund, Intellectual Ventures Lab, Bellevue, WA USA. RP Kyabayinze, DJ (reprint author), Fdn Innovat New Diagnost, Kampala, Uganda. EM daniel.kyabayinze@finddx.org OI Gatton, Michelle/0000-0003-1188-609X FU Foundation for Innovative New Diagnostics (FIND), Geneva, Switzerland; Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation; UNICEF/UNDP/World Bank/WHO Special Programme for Research & Training in Tropical Diseases (TDR) FX This study was funded by the Foundation for Innovative New Diagnostics (FIND), Geneva, Switzerland, through grants from the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation and UNICEF/UNDP/World Bank/WHO Special Programme for Research & Training in Tropical Diseases (TDR). The funders had no role in the study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish or preparation of the manuscript. NR 26 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 1 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JUL 5 PY 2016 VL 11 IS 7 AR e0156954 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0156954 PG 15 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA DR3JE UT WOS:000379798700004 PM 27380525 ER PT J AU Cummings, KJ Choi, MJ Esswein, EJ de Perio, MA Harney, JM Chung, WM Lakey, DL Liddell, AM Rollin, PE AF Cummings, Kristin J. Choi, Mary J. Esswein, Eric J. de Perio, Marie A. Harney, Joshua M. Chung, Wendy M. Lakey, David L. Liddell, Allison M. Rollin, Pierre E. TI Addressing Infection Prevention and Control in the First US Community Hospital to Care for Patients With Ebola Virus Disease: Context for National Recommendations and Future Strategies SO ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Review ID UNITED-STATES; HEMORRHAGIC-FEVER; MANAGEMENT; CLUSTER; EXPERIENCE; EPIDEMIC; OUTBREAK; WORKERS; KIKWIT; CONGO AB Health care personnel (HCP) caring for patients with Ebola virus disease (EVD) are at increased risk for infection with the virus. In 2014, a Texas hospital became the first U.S. community hospital to care for a patient with EVD; 2 nurses were infected while providing care. This article describes infection control measures developed to strengthen the hospital's capacity to safely diagnose and treat patients with EVD. After admission of the first patient with EVD, a multidisciplinary team from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) joined the hospital's infection preventionists to implement a system of occupational safety and health controls for direct patient care, handling of clinical specimens, and managing regulated medical waste. Existing engineering and administrative controls were strengthened. The personal protective equipment (PPE) ensemble was standardized, HCP were trained on donning and doffing PPE, and a system of trained observers supervising PPE donning and doffing was implemented. Caring for patients with EVD placed substantial demands on a community hospital. The experiences of the authors and others informed national policies for the care of patients with EVD and protection of HCP, including new guidance for PPE, a rapid system for deploying CDC staff to assist hospitals ("Ebola Response Team"), and a framework for a tiered approach to hospital preparedness. The designation of regional Ebola treatment centers and the establishment of the National Ebola Training and Education Center address the need for HCP to be prepared to safely care for patients with EVD and other high-consequence emerging infectious diseases. C1 [Cummings, Kristin J.] NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1095 Willowdale Rd,MS 2800, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. [Choi, Mary J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Esswein, Eric J.] NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Western States Div, Denver Fed Ctr, POB 25226, Denver, CO USA. Univ Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa. [de Perio, Marie A.; Harney, Joshua M.] NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1090 Tusculum Ave,R-10, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Chung, Wendy M.] Dallas Cty Dept Hlth & Human Serv, 2377 North Stemmons Freeway,502, Dallas, TX 75207 USA. [Liddell, Allison M.] Texas Hlth Presbyterian Hosp Dallas, 8230 Walnut Hill Lane,Suite 308, Dallas, TX 76231 USA. Texas Dept State Hlth Serv, Austin, TX USA. [Lakey, David L.] Dept State Hlth Serv, 601 Colorado St,Suite 201, Austin, TX 78701 USA. [Rollin, Pierre E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Viral Special Pathogens Branch, MS G-14,1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Cummings, KJ (reprint author), NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1095 Willowdale Rd,MS 2800, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX Financial Support: By the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 33 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 16 U2 16 PU AMER COLL PHYSICIANS PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE MALL WEST 6TH AND RACE ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-1572 USA SN 0003-4819 EI 1539-3704 J9 ANN INTERN MED JI Ann. Intern. Med. PD JUL 5 PY 2016 VL 165 IS 1 BP 41 EP + DI 10.7326/M15-2944 PG 10 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA DQ5AD UT WOS:000379215800006 ER PT J AU Li, J Thompson, TD Richards, TB Steele, CB AF Li, Jun Thompson, Trevor D. Richards, Thomas B. Steele, C. Brooke TI Racial and Ethnic Differences in Health Behaviors and Preventive Health Services Among Prostate Cancer Survivors in the United States SO PREVENTING CHRONIC DISEASE LA English DT Article ID BODY-MASS INDEX; US ADULTS; OBESITY; MEN; DISPARITIES; MORTALITY; CARE; TRENDS; IMPACT; PREVALENCE AB Introduction Little is known about how health behaviors and receipt of preventive health care differ by race and ethnicity among prostate cancer survivors. The purpose of this study was to identify differences in the prevalence of 7 modifiable factors related to prostate cancer: smoking, alcohol consumption, physical inactivity, weight, colorectal cancer screening, influenza vaccination, and pneumococcal vaccination. Methods We used data from the 2010 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System to calculate the racial/ethnic prevalence of sociodemographic and health-related characteristics, health behaviors, and preventive health care among prostate cancer survivors. Adjusted prevalence estimates were calculated by using multivariable logistic regression. Results We identified 8,016 men with a history of prostate cancer. Multivariable analyses indicated that more black men reported being obese (29.9%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 24.5%-35.9%) than white men (22.8%; 95% CI, 21.1%-24.6%). More white men (3.6%; 95% CI, 2.9%-4.5%) reported consuming more than 2 alcoholic drinks per day than black men (0.9%; 95% CI, 0.4%-2.0%). More white men aged 65 or older reported receiving pneumococcal vaccine (74.2%; 95% CI, 72.2%-76.1%) than black men of the same age (63.2%; 95% CI, 54.8%-70.8%). We did not observe any differences in the prevalence of health behaviors and preventive health care between white men and men in Hispanic or other race categories. Conclusion Differences in alcohol consumption, obesity, and receipt of pneumococcal vaccination existed only between black and white prostate cancer survivors. These differences underscore the need to develop culturally appropriate, evidence-based interventions to reduce excessive alcohol consumption, maintain a healthy weight, and promote pneumococcal vaccination among prostate cancer survivors. C1 [Li, Jun] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, 4770 Buford Hwy,MS F76, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Thompson, Trevor D.; Richards, Thomas B.; Steele, C. Brooke] Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Li, J (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, 4770 Buford Hwy,MS F76, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM ffa2@cdc.gov NR 30 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1545-1151 J9 PREV CHRONIC DIS JI Prev. Chronic Dis. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 13 AR E95 DI 10.5888/pcd13.160148 PG 11 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA EJ3IQ UT WOS:000393106200009 PM 27442995 ER PT J AU Odom, EC Fang, J Zack, M Moore, L Loustalot, F AF Odom, Erika C. Fang, Jing Zack, Matthew Moore, Latetia Loustalot, Fleetwood TI Associations Between Cardiovascular Health and Health-Related Quality of Life, Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, 2013 SO PREVENTING CHRONIC DISEASE LA English DT Article ID AMERICAN-HEART-ASSOCIATION; US ADULTS; STYLE INTERVENTION; DISEASE; UPDATE; IMPACT; FRUIT; GOAL AB Introduction The American Heart Association established 7 cardiovascular health metrics as targets for promoting healthier lives. Cardiovascular health has been hypothesized to play a role in individuals' perception of quality of life; however, previous studies have mostly assessed the effect of cardiovascular risk factors on quality of life. Methods Data were from the 2013 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, a state-based telephone survey of adults 18 years or older (N = 347,073). All measures of cardiovascular health and health-related quality of life were self-reported. The 7 ideal cardiovascular health metrics were normal blood pressure, cholesterol, body mass index, not having diabetes, not smoking, being physically active, and having adequate fruit or vegetable intake. Cardiovascular health was categorized into meeting 0-2, 3-5, or 6-7 ideal cardiovascular health metrics. Logistic regression models examined the association between cardiovascular health, general health status, and 3 measures of unhealthy days per month, adjusting for age, sex, race/ethnicity, education, and annual income. Results Meeting 3 to 5 or 6 to 7 ideal cardiovascular health metrics was associated with a 51% and 79% lower adjusted prevalence ratio (aPR) of fair/poor health, respectively (aPR = 0.49, 95% confidence interval [CI] [0.47-0.50], aPR = 0.21, 95% CI [0.19-0.23]); a 47% and 72% lower prevalence of >= 14 physically unhealthy days (aPR = 0.53, 95% CI [0.51-0.55], aPR = 0.28, 95% CI [0.26-0.20]); a 43% and 66% lower prevalence of >= 14 mentally unhealthy days (aPR = 0.57, 95% CI [0.55-0.60], aPR = 0.34, 95% CI [0.31-0.37]); and a 50% and 74% lower prevalence of >= 14 activity limitation days (aPR = 0.50, 95% CI [0.48-0.53], aPR = 0.26, 95% CI [0.23-0.29]) in the past 30 days. Conclusion Achieving a greater number of ideal cardiovascular health metrics may be associated with less impairment in health-related quality of life. C1 [Odom, Erika C.] 4770 Buford Hwy,Bldg 102,Mail Stop F-77, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Fang, Jing; Zack, Matthew; Moore, Latetia; Loustalot, Fleetwood] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Odom, EC (reprint author), 4770 Buford Hwy,Bldg 102,Mail Stop F-77, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM ecodom@cdc.gov NR 24 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1545-1151 J9 PREV CHRONIC DIS JI Prev. Chronic Dis. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 13 AR E99 DI 10.5888/pcd13.160073 PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA EJ3IQ UT WOS:000393106200013 PM 27468158 ER PT J AU Pierannunzi, C Xu, F Wallace, RC Garvin, W Greenlund, KJ Bartoli, W Ford, D Eke, P Town, GM AF Pierannunzi, Carol Xu, Fang Wallace, Robyn C. Garvin, William Greenlund, Kurt J. Bartoli, William Ford, Derek Eke, Paul Town, G. Machell TI A Methodological Approach to Small Area Estimation for the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System SO PREVENTING CHRONIC DISEASE LA English DT Article ID PREVALENCE AB Public health researchers have used a class of statistical methods to calculate prevalence estimates for small geographic areas with few direct observations. Many researchers have used Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) data as a basis for their models. The aims of this study were to 1) describe a new BRFSS small area estimation (SAE) method and 2) investigate the internal and external validity of the BRFSS SAEs it produced. The BRFSS SAE method uses 4 data sets (the BRFSS, the American Community Survey Public Use Microdata Sample, Nielsen Claritas population totals, and the Missouri Census Geographic Equivalency File) to build a single weighted data set. Our findings indicate that internal and external validity tests were successful across many estimates. The BRFSS SAE method is one of several methods that can be used to produce reliable prevalence estimates in small geographic areas. C1 [Pierannunzi, Carol] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, 3719 North Peachtree Rd,Bldg 100,Mailstop F-78, Chamblee, GA 30341 USA. [Xu, Fang; Garvin, William; Town, G. Machell] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Populat Hlth, Populat Hlth Surveillance Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Wallace, Robyn C.; Bartoli, William] Northrup Grumman, Atlanta, GA USA. [Greenlund, Kurt J.; Eke, Paul] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Director, Atlanta, GA USA. [Ford, Derek] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Div Violence Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Pierannunzi, C (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, 3719 North Peachtree Rd,Bldg 100,Mailstop F-78, Chamblee, GA 30341 USA. EM ivk7@cdc.gov NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1545-1151 J9 PREV CHRONIC DIS JI Prev. Chronic Dis. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 13 AR E91 DI 10.5888/pcd13.150480 PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA EJ3IQ UT WOS:000393106200005 PM 27418213 ER PT J AU Hoffman, M Bovbjerg, V Hannigan, K Hootman, JM Johnson, ST Kucera, KL Norcross, MF AF Hoffman, Mark Bovbjerg, Viktor Hannigan, Kim Hootman, Jennifer M. Johnson, Sam T. Kucera, Kristen L. Norcross, Marc F. TI Athletic Training and Public Health Summit SO JOURNAL OF ATHLETIC TRAINING LA English DT Article DE population health; injury prevention; policy development; policy evaluation ID SPORTS; PREVENTION AB Objective: To introduce athletic trainers to the benefits of using a population-based approach to injury and illness prevention and to explore opportunities for partnering with public health professionals on these initiatives. Background: Athletic trainers play leading roles in individual injury and illness prevention but are less familiar with policy development, evaluation, and implementation from a populationlevel standpoint. The Athletic Training and Public Health Summit was convened to understand, explore, and develop the intersection of athletic training and public health. Conclusions: To further the integration of athletic training within the public health arena, athletic trainers must expand their professional focus beyond the individual to the population level. C1 [Hoffman, Mark; Bovbjerg, Viktor; Hannigan, Kim; Johnson, Sam T.; Norcross, Marc F.] Oregon State Univ, Univ Plaza,Suite 130,1600 SW Washington Blvd, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. [Hootman, Jennifer M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Kucera, Kristen L.] Univ North Carolina Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC USA. RP Hoffman, M (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Univ Plaza,Suite 130,1600 SW Washington Blvd, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. EM mark.hoffman@oregonstate.edu NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATL ATHLETIC TRAINERS ASSOC INC PI DALLAS PA 2952 STEMMONS FREEWAY, DALLAS, TX 75247 USA SN 1062-6050 EI 1938-162X J9 J ATHL TRAINING JI J. Athl. Train. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 51 IS 7 BP 576 EP 580 DI 10.4085/1062-6050-51.6.01 PG 5 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA EI9VP UT WOS:000392857800010 PM 27295487 ER PT J AU Mei, Z Li, H Serdula, MK Flores-Ayala, RC Wang, L Liu, JM Grummer-Strawn, LM AF Mei, Zuguo Li, Hongtian Serdula, Mary K. Flores-Ayala, Rafael C. Wang, Linlin Liu, Jian-Meng Grummer-Strawn, Laurence M. TI C-Reactive Protein Increases with Gestational Age During Pregnancy Among Chinese Women SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HUMAN BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PRETERM DELIVERY; INFLAMMATORY MARKERS; PREECLAMPSIA; BIRTH; RISK; OUTCOMES; GROWTH; ACID; CORD; CRP AB Objective: To examine the concentration of C-reactive protein (CRP) in relation to gestational weeks during pregnancy among Chinese women. Methods: From a randomized control trial of prenatal supplementation with folic acid, iron-folic acid, and multiple micronutrients in China, we examined 834 pregnant women with CRP measured initially between 5 and 20 weeks and at follow-up between 28 and 32 weeks gestation. We calculated and plotted CRP geometric means by gestational weeks. The same analysis was repeated for women who had normal pregnancies (624 women) by excluding women with stillbirth, preterm, small for gestational age, body mass index <18.5 kg/m(2) or >30 kg/m(2) at enrollment, and hypertension or anemia during pregnancy. Results: We observed a significant positive trend between log-transformed CRP and gestational age from 5 to 20 weeks and from 28 to 32 weeks both in the full sample and in the subset of women who had normal pregnancies. CRP geometric mean was 0.81 mg/l at 5-7 weeks of gestation, 2.85 mg/l at 19-20 weeks of gestation, and 3.89 mg/l at 32 weeks of gestation. A similar increasing trend in the CRP median or percentage of elevated CRP were also observed. Conclusion: We concluded that CRP increased with gestational age among healthy Chinese women who delivered healthy infants. (C) 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 [Mei, Zuguo; Serdula, Mary K.; Flores-Ayala, Rafael C.; Grummer-Strawn, Laurence M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Div Nutr Phys Act & Obes, Atlanta, GA USA. [Li, Hongtian; Wang, Linlin; Liu, Jian-Meng] Peking Univ, Hlth Sci Ctr, Minist Hlth, Inst Reprod & Child Hlth,Key Lab Reprod Hlth, Beijing, Peoples R China. RP Liu, JM (reprint author), Peking Univ, Inst Reprod & Child Hlth, Res Ctr Bldg,38 Coll Rd, Beijing 100191, Peoples R China. EM liujm@pku.edu.cn NR 33 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1042-0533 EI 1520-6300 J9 AM J HUM BIOL JI Am. J. Hum. Biol. PD JUL-AUG PY 2016 VL 28 IS 4 BP 574 EP 579 DI 10.1002/ajhb.22837 PG 6 WC Anthropology; Biology SC Anthropology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics GA DW5KY UT WOS:000383684900016 PM 26865074 ER PT J AU Tobase, P Lane, H Siddiqi, AEA Ingram-Rich, R Ward, RS AF Tobase, P. Lane, H. Siddiqi, A-E-A. Ingram-Rich, R. Ward, R. S. CA Universal Data Collection Joint Hemophilia Treatment Ctr Network TI Declining trends in invasive orthopedic interventions for people with hemophilia enrolled in the Universal Data Collection program (2000-2010) SO HAEMOPHILIA LA English DT Article DE arthropathy; arthroplasty; hemophilia; orthopedic ID SURGERY; INHIBITORS; PROPHYLAXIS; MANAGEMENT; DISORDERS AB Introduction: Recurrent joint hemarthroses due to hemophilia (Factor VIII and Factor IX deficiency) often lead to invasive orthopedic interventions to decrease frequency of bleeding and/or to alleviate pain associated with end-stage hemophilic arthropathy. Aim: Identify trends in invasive orthopedic interventions among people with hemophilia who were enrolled in the Universal Data Collection (UDC) program during the period 2000-2010. Methods: Data were collected from 130 hemophilia treatment centers in the United States annually during the period 2000-2010, in collaboration with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). The number of visits in which an invasive orthopedic intervention was reported was expressed as a proportion of the total visits in each year of the program. Invasive orthopedic interventions consisted of arthroplasty, arthrodesis, and synovectomy. Joints included in this study were the shoulder, elbow, hip, knee, and ankle. Results: A 5.6% decrease in all invasive orthopedic interventions in all joints of people with hemophilia enrolled in the UDC program over the 11-year study period was observed. Conclusions: These data reflect a declining trend in invasive orthopedic interventions in people with hemophilia. Further research is needed to understand the characteristics that may influence invasive orthopedic interventions. C1 [Tobase, P.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Hemophilia Treatment Ctr, Box 0625, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Lane, H.] Primary Childrens Med Ctr, Intermountain Hemophilia & Thrombosis Ctr, Salt Lake City, UT USA. [Siddiqi, A-E-A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Div Blood Disorders, Atlanta, GA USA. [Ingram-Rich, R.] Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, Hemophilia Ctr, Portland, OR 97201 USA. [Ward, R. S.] Univ Utah, Coll Hlth, Dept Phys Therapy, Salt Lake City, UT USA. RP Tobase, P (reprint author), Univ Calif San Francisco, Hemophilia Treatment Ctr, Box 0625, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. EM Patricia.Tobase@ucsf.edu FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 23 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1351-8216 EI 1365-2516 J9 HAEMOPHILIA JI Haemophilia PD JUL PY 2016 VL 22 IS 4 BP 604 EP 614 DI 10.1111/hae.12932 PG 11 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA EB5BC UT WOS:000387387000041 PM 27030396 ER PT J AU Anie, KA Treadwell, MJ Grant, AM Dennis-Antwi, JA Asafo, MK Lamptey, ME Ojodu, J Yusuf, C Otaigbe, A Ohene-Frempong, K AF Anie, Kofi A. Treadwell, Marsha J. Grant, Althea M. Dennis-Antwi, Jemima A. Asafo, Mabel K. Lamptey, Mary E. Ojodu, Jelili Yusuf, Careema Otaigbe, Ayo Ohene-Frempong, Kwaku TI Community engagement to inform the development of a sickle cell counselor training and certification program in Ghana SO JOURNAL OF COMMUNITY GENETICS LA English DT Article ID GLOBAL EPIDEMIOLOGY; DISEASE; NEWBORNS; ANEMIA; HEMOGLOBIN; AFRICA; ANGOLA; KENYA; TRAIT AB Sickle cell disease (SCD) and sickle cell trait (SCT) are highly prevalent in Africa. Despite public health implications, there is limited understanding of community issues for implementing newborn screening and appropriate family counseling. We conducted a 3-day workshop in Kumasi, Ghana, with community leaders as lay program development advisors to assist the development and implementation of a Sickle Cell Counselor Training and Certification Program. We employed qualitative methods to understand cultural, religious, and psychosocial dimensions of SCD and SCT, including the advisors' attitudes and beliefs in relation to developing a culturally sensitive approach to family education and counseling that is maximally suited to diverse communities in Ghana. We collated advisors' discussions and observations in order to understand community issues and potential challenges and guide strategies for advocacy in SCD family education and counseling. Results from the workshop revealed that community leaders representing diverse communities in Ghana were engaged constructively in discussions about developing a culturally sensitive counselor training program. Key findings included the importance of improved knowledge about SCD among the public and youth in particular, the value of stakeholders such as elders and religious and traditional leaders, and government expectations of reduced SCD births. We submitted a report to the Ministry of Health in Ghana with recommendations for the next steps in developing a national sickle cell counselor training program. We named the program "Genetic Education and Counseling for Sickle Cell Conditions in Ghana" (GENECIS-Ghana). The first GENECIS-Ghana Training and Certification Program Workshop was conducted from June 8 to 12, 2015. C1 [Anie, Kofi A.] Cent Middlesex Hosp, London North West Healthcare NHS Trust, Haematol & Sickle Cell Ctr, London NW10 7NS, England. [Treadwell, Marsha J.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Benioff Childrens Hosp Oakland, Oakland, CA USA. [Grant, Althea M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Dennis-Antwi, Jemima A.] Int Confederat Midwives Investing Midwives Progra, Accra, Ghana. [Dennis-Antwi, Jemima A.; Lamptey, Mary E.; Ohene-Frempong, Kwaku] Sickle Cell Fdn Ghana, Kumasi, Ghana. [Asafo, Mabel K.] Ashanti Reg Hlth Promot Off, Kumasi, Ghana. [Lamptey, Mary E.; Ohene-Frempong, Kwaku] Natl Newborn Screening Program Sickle Cell Dis, Accra, Ghana. [Ojodu, Jelili; Yusuf, Careema] Assoc Publ Hlth Labs, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Otaigbe, Ayo] Sickle Cell Fdn Nigeria, Lagos, Nigeria. [Ohene-Frempong, Kwaku] Childrens Hosp Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Anie, Kofi A.] Imperial Coll London, London, England. RP Anie, KA (reprint author), Cent Middlesex Hosp, London North West Healthcare NHS Trust, Haematol & Sickle Cell Ctr, London NW10 7NS, England.; Anie, KA (reprint author), Imperial Coll London, London, England. EM kofi.anie@nhs.net NR 28 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 1868-310X EI 1868-6001 J9 J COMMUN GENET JI J. Commun. Genet. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 7 IS 3 BP 195 EP 202 DI 10.1007/s12687-016-0267-3 PG 8 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA EA6ZV UT WOS:000386778700003 PM 27090687 ER PT J AU Ahluwalia, A Gladwin, M Coleman, GD Hord, N Howard, G Kim-Shapiro, DB Lajous, M Larsen, FJ Lefer, DJ McClure, LA Nolan, BT Pluta, R Schechter, A Wang, CY Ward, MH Harman, JL AF Ahluwalia, Amrita Gladwin, Mark Coleman, Gary D. Hord, Norman Howard, George Kim-Shapiro, Daniel B. Lajous, Martin Larsen, Filip J. Lefer, David J. McClure, Leslie A. Nolan, Bernard T. Pluta, Ryszard Schechter, Alan Wang, Chia-Yih Ward, Mary H. Harman, Jane L. TI Dietary Nitrate and the Epidemiology of Cardiovascular Disease: Report From a National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Workshop SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN HEART ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article DE national registry; nitrate; nitric oxide; nutrition ID N-NITROSO COMPOUNDS; PRESERVED EJECTION FRACTION; VIVO ISCHEMIA-REPERFUSION; NITRIC-OXIDE SYNTHASE; GASTRIC-CANCER RISK; INORGANIC NITRATE; VEGETABLE INTAKE; ENDOGENOUS NITROSATION; DRINKING-WATER; IN-VIVO C1 [Ahluwalia, Amrita] Queen Mary Univ London, William Harvey Res Inst, Barts & London Med Sch, London, England. [Gladwin, Mark] Univ Pittsburgh, Vasc Med Inst, Pittsburgh, PA USA. [Coleman, Gary D.] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Hord, Norman] Oregon State Univ, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Howard, George] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Birmingham, AL USA. [Kim-Shapiro, Daniel B.] Wake Forest Univ, Winston Salem, NC 27109 USA. [Lajous, Martin] Nacl Salud Publ Mexico, Mexico, Albania. [Larsen, Filip J.] Karolinska Inst, Stockholm, Sweden. [Lefer, David J.] Louisiana State Univ, Hlth Sci Ctr, New Orleans, LA USA. [McClure, Leslie A.] Drexel Univ, Dornsife Sch Publ Hlth, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Nolan, Bernard T.] US Geol Survey, 959 Natl Ctr, Reston, VA 22092 USA. [Pluta, Ryszard] NINDS, Bldg 36,Rm 4D04, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Schechter, Alan] NIDDKD, Bethesda, MD USA. [Wang, Chia-Yih] CDC, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD USA. [Ward, Mary H.] NCI, Rockville, MD USA. [Harman, Jane L.] NHLBI, Div Cardiovasc Sci, Bldg 10, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RP Ahluwalia, A (reprint author), Queen Mary Univ London, William Harvey Res Inst, Charterhouse Sq, London EC1M 6BQ, England. EM a.ahluwalia@qmul.ac.uk FU National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute FX The workshop was convened and funded by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. NR 120 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 4 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 2047-9980 J9 J AM HEART ASSOC JI J. Am. Heart Assoc. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 5 IS 7 AR e003402 DI 10.1161/JAHA.116.003402 PG 10 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA EA6CT UT WOS:000386713800029 ER PT J AU Niolon, PH Taylor, BG Latzman, NE Vivolo-Kantor, AM Valle, LA Tharp, AT AF Niolon, Phyllis Holditch Taylor, Bruce G. Latzman, Natasha E. Vivolo-Kantor, Alana M. Valle, Linda Anne Tharp, Andra T. TI Lessons Learned in Evaluating a Multisite, Comprehensive Teen Dating Violence Prevention Strategy: Design and Challenges of the Evaluation of Dating Matters: Strategies to Promote Healthy Teen Relationships SO PSYCHOLOGY OF VIOLENCE LA English DT Article DE multisite randomized controlled trials; prevention; teen dating violence ID SAFE DATES; PROGRAM; TRIAL; YOUTH; MEN AB Objective: This paper describes the multisite, longitudinal cluster randomized controlled trial (RCT) design of the evaluation of the Dating Matters: Strategies to Promote Healthy Relationships initiative, and discusses challenges faced in conducting this evaluation. Method: Health departments in 4 communities are partnering with middle schools in high-risk, urban communities to implement 2 models of teen dating violence (TDV) prevention over 4 years. Schools were randomized to receive either the Dating Matters comprehensive strategy or the "standard of care" strategy (an existing, evidence-based TDV prevention curriculum). Our design permits comparison of the relative effectiveness of the comprehensive and standard of care strategies. Multiple cohorts of students from 46 middle schools are surveyed in middle school and high school, and parents and educators from participating schools are also surveyed. Results: Challenges discussed in conducting a multisite RCT include site variability, separation of implementation and evaluation responsibilities, school retention, parent engagement in research activities, and working within the context of high-risk urban schools and communities. We discuss the strengths and weaknesses of our approaches to these challenges in the hopes of informing future research. Conclusions: Despite multiple challenges, the design of the Dating Matters evaluation remains strong. We hope this paper provides researchers who are conducting complex evaluations of behavioral interventions with thoughtful discussion of the challenges we have faced and potential solutions to such challenges. C1 [Niolon, Phyllis Holditch; Latzman, Natasha E.; Vivolo-Kantor, Alana M.; Valle, Linda Anne; Tharp, Andra T.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Div Violence Prevent, 4770 Buford Highway NE,MS-F63, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Taylor, Bruce G.] Univ Chicago, NORC, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Latzman, Natasha E.] RTI Int, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Tharp, Andra T.] US Air Force Sexual Assault Prevent & Response Of, Washington, DC USA. RP Niolon, PH (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Div Violence Prevent, 4770 Buford Highway NE,MS-F63, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM pniolon@cdc.gov FU Alameda County Public Health Department [CE002052]; Baltimore City Health Department [CE002050]; Broward County Health Department [CE002048]; Chicago Department of Public Health [CE002054] FX The authors acknowledge the participation of students and schools in the Dating Matters Initiative. We also acknowledge the contribution of each funded public health department; specifically the Alameda County Public Health Department (CE002052), Baltimore City Health Department (CE002050), Broward County Health Department (CE002048), and Chicago Department of Public Health (CE002054). Lastly, we acknowledge our contractors who manage program implementation and data collection efforts; NORC at the University of Chicago (Co. #: 200-2011-40998), Research Triangle Institute (Co. #: 200-2012-51959), and Ogilvy Public Relations (Co. #: 200-2007-20014/0015). All authors certify that the above mentioned manuscript represents valid work and has not been submitted for publication elsewhere. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 26 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 4 U2 4 PU EDUCATIONAL PUBLISHING FOUNDATION-AMERICAN PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOC PI WASHINGTON PA 750 FIRST ST, NE, WASHINGTON, DC 20002-4242 USA SN 2152-0828 EI 2152-081X J9 PSYCHOL VIOLENCE JI Psychol. Violence PD JUL PY 2016 VL 6 IS 3 BP 452 EP 458 DI 10.1037/vio0000043 PG 7 WC Psychology, Clinical; Criminology & Penology; Family Studies SC Psychology; Criminology & Penology; Family Studies GA DZ5PT UT WOS:000385914700010 ER PT J AU Dotson, WD Bowen, MS Kolor, K Khoury, MJ AF Dotson, W. David Bowen, M. Scott Kolor, Katherine Khoury, Muin J. TI Clinical utility of genetic and genomic services: context matters SO GENETICS IN MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material ID FRAMEWORK C1 [Dotson, W. David; Bowen, M. Scott; Kolor, Katherine; Khoury, Muin J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Publ Hlth Genom, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Dotson, WD (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Publ Hlth Genom, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM wdotson@cdc.gov OI Dotson, William David/0000-0002-9606-6594 FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 1098-3600 EI 1530-0366 J9 GENET MED JI Genet. Med. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 18 IS 7 BP 672 EP 674 DI 10.1038/gim.2015.153 PG 3 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA DS9XL UT WOS:000381136700004 PM 26656648 ER PT J AU Seale, AC Koech, AC Sheppard, AE Barsosio, HC Langat, J Anyango, E Mwakio, S Mwarumba, S Morpeth, SC Anampiu, K Vaughan, A Giess, A Mogeni, P Walusuna, L Mwangudzah, H Mwanzui, D Salim, M Kemp, B Jones, C Mturi, N Tsofa, B Mumbo, E Mulewa, D Bandika, V Soita, M Owiti, M Onzere, N Walker, AS Schrag, SJ Kennedy, SH Fegan, G Crook, DW Berkley, JA AF Seale, Anna C. Koech, Angela C. Sheppard, Anna E. Barsosio, Hellen C. Langat, Joyce Anyango, Emily Mwakio, Stella Mwarumba, Salim Morpeth, Susan C. Anampiu, Kirimi Vaughan, Alison Giess, Adam Mogeni, Polycarp Walusuna, Leahbell Mwangudzah, Hope Mwanzui, Doris Salim, Mariam Kemp, Bryn Jones, Caroline Mturi, Neema Tsofa, Benjamin Mumbo, Edward Mulewa, David Bandika, Victor Soita, Musimbi Owiti, Maureen Onzere, Norris Walker, A. Sarah Schrag, Stephanie J. Kennedy, Stephen H. Fegan, Greg Crook, Derrick W. Berkley, James A. TI Maternal colonization with Streptococcus agalactiae and associated stillbirth and neonatal disease in coastal Kenya SO NATURE MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID GROUP-B-STREPTOCOCCUS; INTRAPARTUM ANTIBIOTIC-PROPHYLAXIS; PREGNANT-WOMEN; RISK-FACTORS; VACCINE DEVELOPMENT; HIV-INFECTION; MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY; YOUNG INFANTS; CHORIOAMNIONITIS; SURVEILLANCE AB Streptococcus agalactiae (group B streptococcus, GBS) causes neonatal disease and stillbirth, but its burden in sub-Saharan Africa is uncertain. We assessed maternal recto-vaginal GBS colonization (7,967 women), stillbirth and neonatal disease. Whole-genome sequencing was used to determine serotypes, sequence types and phylogeny. We found low maternal GBS colonization prevalence (934/7,967, 12%), but comparatively high incidence of GBS-associated stillbirth and early onset neonatal disease (EOD) in hospital (0.91 (0.25-2.3)/1,000 births and 0.76 (0.25-1.77)/1,000 live births, respectively). However, using a population denominator, EOD incidence was considerably reduced (0.13 (0.07-0.21)/1,000 live births). Treated cases of EOD had very high case fatality (17/36, 47%), especially within 24 h of birth, making under-ascertainment of community-born cases highly likely, both here and in similar facility-based studies. Maternal GBS colonization was less common in women with low socio-economic status, HIV infection and undernutrition, but when GBS-colonized, they were more probably colonized by the most virulent clone, CC17. CC17 accounted for 267/915 (29%) of maternal colonizing (265/267 (99%) serotype III; 2/267 (0.7%) serotype IV) and 51/73 (70%) of neonatal disease cases (all serotype III). Trivalent (Ia/II/III) and pentavalent (Ia/Ib/II/III/V) vaccines would cover 71/73 (97%) and 72/73 (99%) of disease-causing serotypes, respectively. Serotype IV should be considered for inclusion, with evidence of capsular switching in CC17 strains. C1 [Seale, Anna C.; Jones, Caroline; Fegan, Greg; Berkley, James A.] Univ Oxford, Nuffield Dept Med, Ctr Trop Med & Global Hlth, Oxford OX3 7FZ, England. [Seale, Anna C.; Koech, Angela C.; Barsosio, Hellen C.; Langat, Joyce; Anyango, Emily; Mwakio, Stella; Mwarumba, Salim; Morpeth, Susan C.; Anampiu, Kirimi; Mogeni, Polycarp; Walusuna, Leahbell; Mwangudzah, Hope; Kemp, Bryn; Jones, Caroline; Mturi, Neema; Tsofa, Benjamin; Fegan, Greg; Berkley, James A.] KEMRI Wellcome Trust Res Programme, Kilifi 80108, Kenya. [Sheppard, Anna E.; Vaughan, Alison; Giess, Adam; Walker, A. Sarah; Crook, Derrick W.] Univ Oxford, Nuffield Dept Med, Modernizing Med Microbiol Consortium, Oxford OX3 9DU, England. [Morpeth, Susan C.; Jones, Caroline] London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, Keppel St, London WC1E 7HT, England. [Mwanzui, Doris; Salim, Mariam; Owiti, Maureen; Onzere, Norris] Kilifi Cty Hosp, Matern Dept, Main Hosp Rd, Kilifi 80108, Kenya. [Kemp, Bryn; Kennedy, Stephen H.] Univ Oxford, Nuffield Dept Obstet & Gynaecol, Oxford OX3 9DU, England. [Mumbo, Edward; Mulewa, David] Kilifi Cty Hosp, Cty Minist Hlth, Main Hosp Rd, Kilifi 80108, Kenya. [Bandika, Victor] Coast Prov Gen Hosp, Dept Paediat, Mombasa 80100, Kenya. [Soita, Musimbi] Coast Prov Gen Hosp, Dept Obstet & Gynaecol, Mombasa 80100, Kenya. [Schrag, Stephanie J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Bacterial Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Seale, AC (reprint author), Univ Oxford, Nuffield Dept Med, Ctr Trop Med & Global Hlth, Oxford OX3 7FZ, England.; Seale, AC (reprint author), KEMRI Wellcome Trust Res Programme, Kilifi 80108, Kenya. EM anna.seale@gmail.com OI Seale, Anna/0000-0002-0129-3146; Sheppard, Anna/0000-0002-2913-0920; Mogeni, Polycarp/0000-0003-1926-7576 FU Wellcome Trust [093804, 098532, HICF-T5-358, WT098615/Z/12/Z, 087646/Z/08/Z, 077092]; Health Innovation Challenge Fund; Department of Health; UK Clinical Research Collaboration; Medical Research Council [G0800778]; Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council; National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Oxford Biomedical Research Centre; National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX The authors acknowledge The Wellcome Trust (093804) for funding this study. A.C.S. and J.A.B. are funded by fellowships from the Wellcome Trust (www.wellcome.ac.uk; 093804 and 098532). D.W.C. is an NIHR (UK) Senior Investigator. D.W.C., A.E.S. and A.S.W. received funding from the Health Innovation Challenge Fund (a parallel funding partnership between the Department of Health and the Wellcome Trust; HICF-T5-358 and WT098615/Z/12/Z); the UK Clinical Research Collaboration (a parallel funding partnership between the Medical Research Council (G0800778), the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council and the Wellcome Trust (087646/Z/08/Z)) and the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Oxford Biomedical Research Centre. S.S. receives funding from the National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The Wellcome Trust (core grant 077092) and the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation fund paediatric and maternal research at KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Programme. NR 57 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND EI 2058-5276 J9 NAT MICROBIOL JI NAT. MICROBIOL PD JUL PY 2016 VL 1 IS 7 AR 16067 DI 10.1038/NMICROBIOL.2016.67 PG 10 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA DW4IF UT WOS:000383605700010 PM 27572968 ER PT J AU Tomczyk, S Arriola, CS Beall, B Benitez, A Benoit, SR Berman, L Bresee, J Carvalho, MD Cohn, A Cross, K Diaz, MH Watkins, LKF Gierke, R Hagan, JE Harris, AM Jain, S Kim, L Kobayashi, M Lindstrom, S McGee, L McMorrow, M Metcalf, BL Moore, MR Moura, I Nix, WA Nyangoma, E Oberste, MS Olsen, SJ Pimenta, F Socias, C Thurman, K Waller, J Waterman, SH Westercamp, M Wharton, M Whitney, CG Winchell, JM Wolff, B Kim, C AF Tomczyk, Sara Arriola, Carmen S. Beall, Bernard Benitez, Alvaro Benoit, Stephen R. Berman, LaShondra Bresee, Joseph Carvalho, Maria da Gloria Cohn, Amanda Cross, Kristen Diaz, Maureen H. Watkins, Louise K. Francois Gierke, Ryan Hagan, Jose E. Harris, Aaron M. Jain, Seema Kim, Lindsay Kobayashi, Miwako Lindstrom, Stephen McGee, Lesley McMorrow, Meredith Metcalf, Benjamin L. Moore, Matthew R. Moura, Iaci Nix, W. Allan Nyangoma, Edith Oberste, M. Steven Olsen, Sonja J. Pimenta, Fabiana Socias, Christina Thurman, Kathleen Waller, Jessica Waterman, Stephen H. Westercamp, Matthew Wharton, Melinda Whitney, Cynthia G. Winchell, Jonas M. Wolff, Bernard Kim, Curi TI Multistate Outbreak of Respiratory Infections Among Unaccompanied Children, June 2014-July 2014 SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article DE unaccompanied children; Streptococcus pneumoniae; influenza; outbreak; vaccination ID PNEUMONIA REQUIRING HOSPITALIZATION; STREPTOCOCCUS-PNEUMONIAE; INVASIVE DISEASE; IDENTIFICATION; VACCINATION; SEROTYPES; INFLUENZA; CARRIAGE; ADULTS; CLONE AB Background. From January 2014-July 2014, more than 46 000 unaccompanied children (UC) from Central America crossed the US-Mexico border. In June-July, UC aged 9-17 years in 4 shelters and 1 processing center in 4 states were hospitalized with acute respiratory illness. We conducted a multistate investigation to interrupt disease transmission. Methods. Medical charts were abstracted for hospitalized UC. Nonhospitalized UC with influenza-like illness were interviewed, and nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal swabs were collected to detect respiratory pathogens. Nasopharyngeal swabs were used to assess pneumococcal colonization in symptomatic and asymptomatic UC. Pneumococcal blood isolates from hospitalized UC and nasopharyngeal isolates were characterized by serotyping and whole-genome sequencing. Results. Among 15 hospitalized UC, 4 (44%) of 9 tested positive for influenza viruses, and 6 (43%) of 14 with blood cultures grew pneumococcus, all serotype 5. Among 48 nonhospitalized children with influenza-like illness, 1 or more respiratory pathogens were identified in 46 (96%). Among 774 nonhospitalized UC, 185 (24%) yielded pneumococcus, and 70 (38%) were serotype 5. UC transferring through the processing center were more likely to be colonized with serotype 5 (odds ratio, 3.8; 95% confidence interval, 2.1-6.9). Analysis of core pneumococcal genomes detected 2 related, yet independent, clusters. No pneumococcus cases were reported after pneumococcal and influenza immunization campaigns. Conclusions. This respiratory disease outbreak was due to multiple pathogens, including Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 5 and influenza viruses. Pneumococcal and influenza vaccinations prevented further transmission. Future efforts to prevent similar outbreaks will benefit from use of both vaccines. C1 [Tomczyk, Sara; Arriola, Carmen S.; Watkins, Louise K. Francois; Hagan, Jose E.; Kobayashi, Miwako; Nyangoma, Edith; Socias, Christina; Westercamp, Matthew] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA USA. [Tomczyk, Sara; Beall, Bernard; Benitez, Alvaro; Carvalho, Maria da Gloria; Cross, Kristen; Diaz, Maureen H.; Watkins, Louise K. Francois; Gierke, Ryan; Harris, Aaron M.; Kim, Lindsay; Kobayashi, Miwako; McGee, Lesley; Metcalf, Benjamin L.; Moore, Matthew R.; Moura, Iaci; Pimenta, Fabiana; Thurman, Kathleen; Waller, Jessica; Westercamp, Matthew; Whitney, Cynthia G.; Winchell, Jonas M.; Wolff, Bernard] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Resp Dis Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Arriola, Carmen S.; Berman, LaShondra; Bresee, Joseph; Jain, Seema; Lindstrom, Stephen; McMorrow, Meredith; Olsen, Sonja J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Atlanta, GA USA. [Benoit, Stephen R.; Nyangoma, Edith; Waterman, Stephen H.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global Migrat & Quarantine, Atlanta, GA USA. [Cohn, Amanda; Wharton, Melinda] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Immunizat Serv Div, Atlanta, GA USA. [Hagan, Jose E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Global Immunizat Div, Atlanta, GA USA. [Hagan, Jose E.; Harris, Aaron M.; Kim, Lindsay; McMorrow, Meredith; Moore, Matthew R.; Whitney, Cynthia G.; Kim, Curi] US PHS, Rockville, MD USA. [Nix, W. Allan; Oberste, M. Steven] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Socias, Christina] NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Morgantown, WV USA. [Kim, Curi] Adm Children & Families, Off Refugee Resettlement, Washington, DC USA. RP Tomczyk, S (reprint author), Centers Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM xdj2@cdc.gov NR 35 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 EI 1537-6591 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD JUL 1 PY 2016 VL 63 IS 1 BP 48 EP 56 DI 10.1093/cid/ciw147 PG 9 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA DT1FH UT WOS:000381226600012 PM 27001799 ER PT J AU Baxter, R Lewis, E Fireman, B DeStefano, F Gee, J Klein, NP AF Baxter, Roger Lewis, Edwin Fireman, Bruce DeStefano, Frank Gee, Julianne Klein, Nicola P. TI Case-centered Analysis of Optic Neuritis After Vaccines SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article DE vaccine; immunization; adverse event; optic neuritis; vaccine safety ID VACCINATION AB We evaluated the risk of optic neuritis (ON) after vaccines, using a case-centered analysis, comparing the time since vaccination for the patients with ON with that for all similar vaccinees in a large integrated health plan population. We did not detect any association between ON and receipt of any type of vaccine. C1 [Baxter, Roger; Lewis, Edwin; Fireman, Bruce; Klein, Nicola P.] Norther Calif Kaiser Permanente Vaccine Study Ctr, Oakland, CA USA. [DeStefano, Frank; Gee, Julianne] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Immunizat Safety Off, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Baxter, R (reprint author), Kaiser Permanente Vaccine Study Ctr, 1 Kaiser Plaza,16th Flr, Oakland, CA 94612 USA. EM roger.baxter@kp.org FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [200-2012-53581/0006] FX This work was supported by a task order from Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (contract 200-2012-53581/0006). NR 12 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 EI 1537-6591 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD JUL 1 PY 2016 VL 63 IS 1 BP 79 EP 81 DI 10.1093/cid/ciw224 PG 3 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA DT1FH UT WOS:000381226600015 PM 27069066 ER PT J AU Hootman, JM Helmick, CG Barbour, KE Theis, KA Boring, MA AF Hootman, Jennifer M. Helmick, Charles G. Barbour, Kamil E. Theis, Kristina A. Boring, Michael A. TI Updated Projected Prevalence of Self-Reported Doctor-Diagnosed Arthritis and Arthritis-Attributable Activity Limitation Among US Adults, 2015-2040 SO ARTHRITIS & RHEUMATOLOGY LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; PHYSICIAN ASSISTANTS; NURSE-PRACTITIONERS; RHEUMATIC-DISEASES; CONTROLLED-TRIAL; HEALTH; IMPACT; POPULATION; DISABILITY; PROGRAM AB Objective. To update the projected prevalence of arthritis and arthritis-attributable activity limitations among US adults, using a newer baseline for estimates. Methods. Baseline prevalence data were obtained from the 2010-2012 National Health Interview Survey. Arthritis was defined as an answer of "yes" to the question "Have you ever been told by a doctor or other health professional that you have some form of arthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, gout, lupus or fibromyalgia?" Arthritis-attributable activity limitation was defined as an answer of "yes" to the question "Are you limited in any way in any of your usual activities because of arthritis or joint symptoms?" The baseline prevalence of arthritis and arthritis-attributable activity limitation was stratified according to age and sex and was statistically weighted to account for the complex survey design. The projected prevalence of doctor-diagnosed arthritis and arthritis-attributable activity limitation was calculated by multiplying the age-and sex-stratified population estimates projected for 2015-2040 (in 5-year intervals; provided by the US Census Bureau) by the baseline estimates. Age- and sex-specific prevalences were summed to provide the total prevalence estimates for each year. Results. In 2010-2012, 52.5 million adults in the US (22.7% of all adults) had doctor-diagnosed arthritis, and 22.7 million (9.8%) had arthritis-attributable activity limitation. By 2040, the number of US adults with doctor-diagnosed arthritis is projected to increase 49% to 78.4 million (25.9% of all adults), and the number of adults with arthritis-attributable activity limitation will increase 52% to 34.6 million (11.4% of all adults). Conclusion. Updated projections suggest that arthritis and arthritis-attributable activity limitation will remain large and growing problems for clinical and public health systems, which must plan and create policies and resources to address these future needs. C1 [Hootman, Jennifer M.; Helmick, Charles G.; Barbour, Kamil E.; Theis, Kristina A.; Boring, Michael A.] CDC, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Helmick, CG (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Populat Hlth, Arthrit Program, 4770 Buford Highway NE,MS K-78, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM CHelmick@cdc.gov NR 31 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 2326-5191 EI 2326-5205 J9 ARTHRITIS RHEUMATOL JI Arthritis Rheumatol. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 68 IS 7 BP 1582 EP 1587 DI 10.1002/art.39692 PG 6 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA DW2UO UT WOS:000383497500004 PM 27015600 ER PT J AU Bardenheier, BH Lin, J Zhuo, XH Ali, MK Thompson, TJ Cheng, YLJ Gregg, EW AF Bardenheier, Barbara H. Lin, Ji Zhuo, Xiaohui Ali, Mohammed K. Thompson, Theodore J. Cheng, Yiling J. Gregg, Edward W. TI Disability-Free Life-Years Lost Among Adults Aged >= 50 Years With and Without Diabetes SO DIABETES CARE LA English DT Article ID US ADULTS; FUNCTIONAL DISABILITY; PHYSICAL-DISABILITY; NATIONAL-HEALTH; UNITED-STATES; OLDER-ADULTS; COMORBIDITIES; METAANALYSIS; ASSOCIATION; PREVALENCE AB OBJECTIVE To quantify the impact of diabetes status on healthy and disabled years of life for older adults in the U.S. and provide a baseline from which to evaluate ongoing national public health efforts to prevent and control diabetes and disability. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Adults (n = 20,008) aged 50 years and older were followed from 1998 to 2012 in the Health and Retirement Study, a prospective biannual survey of a nationally representative sample of adults. Diabetes and disability status (defined by mobility loss, difficulty with instrumental activities of daily living [IADL], and/or difficulty with activities of daily living [ADL]) were self-reported. We estimated incidence of disability, remission to nondisability, and mortality. We developed a discrete-time Markov simulation model with a 1-year transition cycle to predict and compare lifetime disability-related outcomes between people with and without diabetes. Data represent the U.S. population in 1998. RESULTS From age 50 years, adults with diabetes died 4.6 years earlier, developed disability 6-7 years earlier, and spent about 1-2 more years in a disabled state than adults without diabetes. With increasing baseline age, diabetes was associated with significant (P < 0.05) reductions in the number of total and disability-free life-years, but the absolute difference in years between those with and without diabetes was less than at younger baseline age. Men with diabetes spent about twice as many of their remaining years disabled (20-24% of remaining life across the three disability definitions) as men without diabetes (12-16% of remaining life across the three disability definitions). Similar associations between diabetes status and disability-free and disabled years were observed among women. CONCLUSIONS Diabetes is associated with a substantial reduction in nondisabled years, to a greater extent than the reduction of longevity. C1 [Bardenheier, Barbara H.; Lin, Ji; Zhuo, Xiaohui; Thompson, Theodore J.; Cheng, Yiling J.; Gregg, Edward W.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Diabet Translat, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Bardenheier, Barbara H.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Immunizat Safety Off, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Zhuo, Xiaohui] Merck & Co Inc, N Wales, PA USA. [Ali, Mohammed K.] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Hubert Dept Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. RP Bardenheier, BH (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Diabet Translat, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.; Bardenheier, BH (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Immunizat Safety Off, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM bfb7@cdc.gov NR 22 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER DIABETES ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1701 N BEAUREGARD ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22311-1717 USA SN 0149-5992 EI 1935-5548 J9 DIABETES CARE JI Diabetes Care PD JUL PY 2016 VL 39 IS 7 BP 1222 EP 1229 DI 10.2337/dc15-1095 PG 8 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA DT3YG UT WOS:000381416500031 PM 26721810 ER PT J AU Knaack, JS Porter, KA Jacob, JT Sullivan, K Forester, M Wang, RY Trainer, VL Morton, S Eckert, G McGahee, E Thomas, J McLaughlin, J Johnson, RC AF Knaack, Jennifer S. Porter, Kimberly A. Jacob, Justin T. Sullivan, Kate Forester, Matthew Wang, Richard Y. Trainer, Vera L. Morton, Steve Eckert, Ginny McGahee, Ernest Thomas, Jerry McLaughlin, Joseph Johnson, Rudolph C. TI Case diagnosis and characterization of suspected paralytic shellfish poisoning in Alaska SO HARMFUL ALGAE LA English DT Article DE Alaska; High performance liquid chromatography; Mass spectrometry; Paralytic shellfish poisoning; Paralytic shellfish toxin; Saxitoxin ID POSTMORTEM ANALYSIS; SODIUM-CHANNELS; HUMAN URINE; SAXITOXIN; TOXINS; TETRODOTOXIN; SAMPLES; SAFETY; HEALTH; NERVE AB Clinical cases of paralytic shellfish poisoning (PSP) are common in Alaska, and result from human consumption of shellfish contaminated with saxitoxin (STX) and its analogues. Diagnosis of PSP is presumptive and based on recent ingestion of shellfish and presence of manifestations consistent with symptoms of PSP; diagnosis is confirmed by detection of paralytic shellfish toxins in a clinical specimen or food sample. A clinical diagnostic analytical method using high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) was used to evaluate the diagnosis of saxitoxin-induced PSP (STX-PSP) in 11 Alaskan patients using urine specimens collected between June 2010 and November 2011. Concentrations of urinary STX were corrected for creatinine concentrations to account for dilution or concentration of urine from water intake or restriction, respectively. Of the 11 patients with suspected PSP, four patients were confirmed to have STX-PSP by urine testing (24-364 ng STX/g creatinine). Five patients had clinical manifestations of PSP though no STX was detected in their urine. Two patients were ruled out for STX-PSP based on non-detected urinary STX and the absence of clinical findings. Results revealed that dysphagia and dysarthria may be stronger indicators of PSP than paresthesia and nausea, which are commonly used to clinically diagnose patients with PSP. PSP can also occur from exposure to a number of STX congeners, such as gonyautoxins, however their presence in urine was not assessed in this investigation. In addition, meal remnants obtained from six presumptive PSP cases were analyzed using the Association of Official Analytical Chemists' mouse bioassay. All six samples tested positive for PSP toxins. In the future, the clinical diagnostic method can be used in conjunction with the mouse bioassay or HPLC-MS/MS to assess the extent of STX-PSP in Alaska where it has been suggested that PSP is underreported. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Knaack, Jennifer S.; Wang, Richard Y.; McGahee, Ernest; Thomas, Jerry; Johnson, Rudolph C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Emergency Response Branch, Div Sci Lab, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, 4770 Buford Highway,MS F44, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Porter, Kimberly A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Alaska Sect Epidemiol, 1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Jacob, Justin T.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, MC-100-44,POB 117, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Sullivan, Kate] Univ Alaska Southeast, Fisheries Technol, 2600 7th Ave, Ketchikan, AK 99901 USA. [Forester, Matthew] Alaska Dept Environm Conservat, Alaska Environm Hlth Lab, 5251 Dr Martin Luther King Jr Ave, Anchorage, AK 99507 USA. [Trainer, Vera L.] NOAA, Marine Biotoxins Program, Northwest Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Seattle, WA 98112 USA. [Morton, Steve] NOAA, Natl Ctr Coastal Ocean Sci, Marine Biotoxins Program, 219 Ft Johnson Rd, Charleston, SC 29412 USA. [Eckert, Ginny] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Sch Fisheries & Ocean Sci, 17701 Point Lena Loop Rd, Juneau, AK 99801 USA. [McLaughlin, Joseph] Alaska Dept Hlth & Social Serv, Sect Epidemiol, 3601 C St,Suite 540, Anchorage, AK 99503 USA. [Knaack, Jennifer S.] Mercer Univ, Dept Pharmaceut Sci, 3001 Mercer Univ Dr,DV-114, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Johnson, RC (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Emergency Response Branch, Div Sci Lab, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, 4770 Buford Highway,MS F44, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM Knaack_JS@Mercer.edu; RJohnson6@cdc.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy; Oak Ridge Associated Universities; Oak Ridge Institute for Science, and Education (ORISE); State of Alaska as part of routine safety testing for food and seafood; CDC FX The authors would like to thank Donna Fearey from the State of Alaska for assistance in collecting clinical data, Pamela Olive from Battelle, Atlanta for providing creatinine measurements, and Bich-Thuy L. Eberhart from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration for assistance in background literature searches, data interpretation, and manuscript writing. Funding for the analysis of clinical specimens was provided by CDC. Justin Jacob was compensated by a fellowship from the U.S. Department of Energy, Oak Ridge Associated Universities, Oak Ridge Institute for Science, and Education (ORISE). Shellfish testing was funded by the State of Alaska as part of routine safety testing for food and seafood. We acknowledge an anonymous reviewer for helpful comments. NR 33 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 12 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1568-9883 EI 1878-1470 J9 HARMFUL ALGAE JI Harmful Algae PD JUL PY 2016 VL 57 SI SI BP 45 EP 50 DI 10.1016/j.hal.2016.03.006 PN B PG 6 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Marine & Freshwater Biology GA DW3EU UT WOS:000383525700008 ER PT J AU Pons-Salort, M Burns, CC Lyons, H Blake, IM Jafari, H Oberste, MS Kew, OM Grassly, NC AF Pons-Salort, Margarita Burns, Cara C. Lyons, Hil Blake, Isobel M. Jafari, Hamid Oberste, M. Steven Kew, Olen M. Grassly, Nicholas C. TI Preventing Vaccine-Derived Poliovirus Emergence during the Polio Endgame SO PLOS PATHOGENS LA English DT Article ID POLIOMYELITIS; OUTBREAK; NIGERIA; IMMUNOGENICITY; IMMUNIZATION; CIRCULATION; POPULATION; COUNTRIES; CESSATION; EPIDEMIC AB Reversion and spread of vaccine-derived poliovirus (VDPV) to cause outbreaks of poliomyelitis is a rare outcome resulting from immunisation with the live-attenuated oral poliovirus vaccines (OPVs). Global withdrawal of all three OPV serotypes is therefore a key objective of the polio endgame strategic plan, starting with serotype 2 (OPV2) in April 2016. Supplementary immunisation activities (SIAs) with trivalent OPV (tOPV) in advance of this date could mitigate the risks of OPV2 withdrawal by increasing serotype-2 immunity, but may also create new serotype-2 VDPV (VDPV2). Here, we examine the risk factors for VDPV2 emergence and implications for the strategy of tOPV SIAs prior to OPV2 withdrawal. We first developed mathematical models of VDPV2 emergence and spread. We found that in settings with low routine immunisation coverage, the implementation of a single SIA increases the risk of VDPV2 emergence. If routine coverage is 20%, at least 3 SIAs are needed to bring that risk close to zero, and if SIA coverage is low or there are persistently "missed" groups, the risk remains high despite the implementation of multiple SIAs. We then analysed data from Nigeria on the 29 VDPV2 emergences that occurred during 2004-2014. Districts reporting the first case of poliomyelitis associated with a VDPV2 emergence were compared to districts with no VDPV2 emergence in the same 6-month period using conditional logistic regression. In agreement with the model results, the odds of VDPV2 emergence decreased with higher routine immunisation coverage (odds ratio 0.67 for a 10% absolute increase in coverage [95% confidence interval 0.55-0.82]). We also found that the probability of a VDPV2 emergence resulting in poliomyelitis in >1 child was significantly higher in districts with low serotype-2 population immunity. Our results support a strategy of focused tOPV SIAs before OPV2 withdrawal in areas at risk of VDPV2 emergence and in sufficient number to raise population immunity above the threshold permitting VDPV2 circulation. A failure to implement this risk-based approach could mean these SIAs actually increase the risk of VDPV2 emergence and spread. C1 [Pons-Salort, Margarita; Blake, Isobel M.; Grassly, Nicholas C.] Imperial Coll London, Dept Infect Dis Epidemiol, St Marys Campus, London, England. [Burns, Cara C.; Oberste, M. Steven; Kew, Olen M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Lyons, Hil] Inst Dis Modeling, Seattle, WA USA. [Jafari, Hamid] WHO, Geneva, Switzerland. RP Pons-Salort, M (reprint author), Imperial Coll London, Dept Infect Dis Epidemiol, St Marys Campus, London, England. EM m.pons-salort@imperial.ac.uk FU Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation [OPP1099374]; World Health Organization [2013/363982]; UK Medical Research Council FX This work was supported by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation (#OPP1099374), the World Health Organization (2013/363982) and the UK Medical Research Council. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 38 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 6 U2 6 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1553-7366 EI 1553-7374 J9 PLOS PATHOG JI PLoS Pathog. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 12 IS 7 AR e1005728 DI 10.1371/journal.ppat.1005728 PG 18 WC Microbiology; Parasitology; Virology SC Microbiology; Parasitology; Virology GA DW0XN UT WOS:000383366400019 PM 27384947 ER PT J AU Farr, SL Oster, ME Simeone, RM Gilboa, SM Honein, MA AF Farr, Sherry L. Oster, Matthew E. Simeone, Regina M. Gilboa, Suzanne M. Honein, Margaret A. TI Limitations, Depressive Symptoms, and Quality of Life among a Population-Based Sample of Young Adults with Congenital Heart Defects SO BIRTH DEFECTS RESEARCH PART A-CLINICAL AND MOLECULAR TERATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE congenital heart defect; health-related quality of life; depression; cognition ID DISEASE; CHILDREN; METAANALYSIS; ADOLESCENTS; PREVALENCE; OUTCOMES AB Background: Little population-based data exist on limitations and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in adults with congenital heart defects (CHD). Methods: We used 2004 to 2012 Medical Expenditure Panel Survey data to identify a population-based sample of young adults ages 18 to 40 years reporting health symptoms or healthcare encounters in the previous year. Comparing adults reporting CHD to others, we examined the prevalence of cognitive, physical, and activity limitations, depressive symptoms, and physical and mental HRQoL. We used chi square tests to examine differences in demographic characteristics, logistic regression to generate adjusted prevalence ratios (aPR), and linear regression to examine HRQoL. Multivariable associations were adjusted for sex, age, race/ethnicity, and smoking status. All analyses were conducted in SUDAAN using weights to account for clustering within sampling units and nonresponse. Results: Fifty-nine adults reported CHD (weighted prevalence = 0.1%; representing 700,000 U.S. adults from 2004 to 2012 or, on average, 80,000 per year) and 54,011 did not. No demographic characteristics differed significantly by CHD status except health insurance; 31.5% of adults with CHD, compared with 11.0% without, reported public insurance (p = 0.01). Compared with their counterparts, adults reporting CHD had a higher prevalence of cognitive (aPR = 2.7, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.0, 7.2), physical (aPR = 4.0, 95% CI: 1.9, 8.2), and activity limitations (aPR = 4.8, 95% CI: 2.6, 9.1), and poorer physical HRQoL (p = 0.004). No differences were observed in depressive symptoms and mental HRQoL by CHD status. Conclusion: Physical health and cognitive abilities of adults with CHD were compromised compared with adults without CHD. (C) 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 [Farr, Sherry L.; Oster, Matthew E.; Simeone, Regina M.; Gilboa, Suzanne M.; Honein, Margaret A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Farr, SL (reprint author), 4770 Buford Highway,MS E-86, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM sfarr@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1542-0752 EI 1542-0760 J9 BIRTH DEFECTS RES A JI Birth Defects Res. Part A-Clin. Mol. Teratol. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 106 IS 7 BP 580 EP 586 DI 10.1002/bdra.23498 PG 7 WC Developmental Biology; Toxicology SC Developmental Biology; Toxicology GA DV3RH UT WOS:000382840300010 PM 26991777 ER PT J AU Rosenthal, J Reeve, ME Ramirez, N Crider, KS Sniezek, J Vellozzi, C Devine, O Lopez-Pazos, E AF Rosenthal, Jorge Reeve, Mary-Elizabeth Ramirez, Nicte Crider, Krista S. Sniezek, Joe Vellozzi, Claudia Devine, Owen Lopez-Pazos, Eunice TI Red Blood Cell Folate Insufficiency among Nonpregnant Women of Childbearing Age in Guatemala 2009 to 2010: Prevalence and Predicted Neural Tube Defects Risk SO BIRTH DEFECTS RESEARCH PART A-CLINICAL AND MOLECULAR TERATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Folate; Red Blood Cell Folate Insufficiency Prevalence; Neural Tube Defects Childbearing-age Women; Guatemala ID FOLIC-ACID FORTIFICATION; VULNERABLE POPULATIONS; PREVENTION; HEALTH; FOOD; NUTRITION; VITAMIN; SERUM; MODEL AB Background: The World Health Organization recently released recommendations stating that red blood cell (RBC) folate concentrations should be above 400 ng/L (906 nmol/L) for optimal prevention of folate-sensitive neural tube defects (NTDs). The objective of this study was to determine the distribution of folate insufficiency (FI) (<906 nmol/L) and potential risk of NTDs based on RBC folate concentrations among nonpregnant women of child-bearing age in Guatemala. Methods: A national and regional multistage cluster probability survey was completed during 2009 to 2010 among Guatemalan women of child-bearing age 15 to 49 years of age. Demographic and health information and blood samples for RBC folate analyses were collected from 1473 women. Prevalence rate ratios of FI and predicted NTD prevalence were estimated based on RBC folate concentrations comparing subpopulations of interest. Results: National FI prevalence was 47.2% [95% confidence interval, 43.3-51.1] and showed wide variation by region (18-81%). In all regions, FI prevalence was higher among indigenous (27-89%) than among nonindigenous populations (16-44%). National NTD risk based on RBC folate concentrations was estimated to be 14 per 10,000 live births (95% uncertainty interval, 11.1-18.6) and showed wide regional variation (from 11 NTDS in the Metropolitan region to 26 NTDs per 10,000 live births in the Norte region). Conclusion: FI remains a common problem in populations with limited access to fortified products, specifically rural, low income, and indigenous populations. However, among subpopulations that are most likely to have fortified food, the prevalence of FI is similar to countries with well-established fortification programs. (C) 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 [Rosenthal, Jorge; Crider, Krista S.; Sniezek, Joe; Vellozzi, Claudia] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, MS E-86,1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30003 USA. [Reeve, Mary-Elizabeth] Global Maternal & Preconcept Hlth, Healdsburg, CA USA. [Ramirez, Nicte] Inst Nutr Cent Amer & Panama, Guatemala City, Guatemala. [Devine, Owen] Carter Consulting Inc, Atlanta, GA USA. [Lopez-Pazos, Eunice] Guatemala Minist Salud Publ & Asistencia Publ, Guatemala City, Guatemala. RP Rosenthal, J (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, MS E-86,1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30003 USA. EM jyr4@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Fundacion de Alimentacion y Nutricion de Centro America y Panama (FANCAP); Inter-American Development Bank (Public Regional Goods); Guatemala Ministerio de Salud Publica y Asistencia Publica FX Supported by partial funding from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Fundacion de Alimentacion y Nutricion de Centro America y Panama (FANCAP), Inter-American Development Bank (Public Regional Goods), and Guatemala Ministerio de Salud Publica y Asistencia Publica. NR 35 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1542-0752 EI 1542-0760 J9 BIRTH DEFECTS RES A JI Birth Defects Res. Part A-Clin. Mol. Teratol. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 106 IS 7 BP 587 EP 595 DI 10.1002/bdra.23499 PG 9 WC Developmental Biology; Toxicology SC Developmental Biology; Toxicology GA DV3RH UT WOS:000382840300011 PM 27010602 ER PT J AU Hodgson, JA Seyler, TH Wang, LQ AF Hodgson, James A. Seyler, Tiffany H. Wang, Lanqing TI Long-Term Stability of Volatile Nitrosamines in Human Urine SO JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID NITROGEN CHEMILUMINESCENCE DETECTION; COMPREHENSIVE GAS-CHROMATOGRAPHY; SPORADIC ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE; TYPE-2 DIABETES-MELLITUS; N-NITROSAMINES; DRINKING-WATER; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; NONALCOHOLIC STEATOHEPATITIS; CHEMICAL-IONIZATION; MEAT-PRODUCTS AB Volatile nitrosamines (VNAs) are established teratogens and carcinogens in animals and classified as probable (group 2A) and possible (group 2B) carcinogens in humans by the IARC. High levels of VNAs have been detected in tobacco products and in both mainstream and sidestream smoke. VNA exposure may lead to lipid peroxidation and oxidative stress (e.g., inflammation), chronic diseases (e.g., diabetes) and neurodegenerative diseases (e.g., Alzheimer's disease). To conduct epidemiological studies on the effects of VNA exposure, short-term and long-term stabilities of VNAs in the urine matrix are needed. In this report, the stability of six VNAs (N-nitrosodimethylamine, N-nitrosomethylethylamine, N-nitrosodiethylamine, N-nitrosopiperidine, N-nitrosopyrrolidine and N-nitrosomorpholine) in human urine is analyzed for the first time using in vitro blank urine pools fortified with a standard mixture of all six VNAs. Over a 24-day period, analytes were monitored in samples stored at similar to 20A degrees C (collection temperature), 4-10A degrees C (transit temperature) and -20 and -70A degrees C (long-term storage temperatures). All six analytes were stable for 24 days at all temperatures (n = 15). The analytes were then analyzed over a longer time period at -70A degrees C; all analytes were stable for up to 1 year (n = 62). A subset of 44 samples was prepared as a single batch and stored at -20A degrees C, the temperature at which prepared samples are stored. These prepared samples were run in duplicate weekly over 10 weeks, and all six analytes were stable over the entire period (n = 22). C1 [Hodgson, James A.] ORISE, Oak Ridge, TN USA. [Seyler, Tiffany H.; Wang, Lanqing] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Tobacco & Volatiles Branch, Div Sci Lab, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. RP Seyler, TH (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Tobacco & Volatiles Branch, Div Sci Lab, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM tvh2@cdc.gov FU U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Center for Tobacco Products FX This study was funded by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Center for Tobacco Products. The findings and conclusions in this study are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, or the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Use of trade names and commercial sources is for identification only and does not constitute endorsement by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, or the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 32 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 9 U2 9 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0146-4760 EI 1945-2403 J9 J ANAL TOXICOL JI J. Anal. Toxicol. PD JUL-AUG PY 2016 VL 40 IS 6 BP 414 EP 418 DI 10.1093/jat/bkw038 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Toxicology SC Chemistry; Toxicology GA DV8GD UT WOS:000383174600003 PM 27274026 ER PT J AU Govender, NP Patel, J Magobo, RE Naicker, S Wadula, J Whitelaw, A Coovadia, Y Kularatne, R Govind, C Lockhart, SR Zietsman, IL AF Govender, Nelesh P. Patel, Jaymati Magobo, Rindidzani E. Naicker, Serisha Wadula, Jeannette Whitelaw, Andrew Coovadia, Yacoob Kularatne, Ranmini Govind, Chetna Lockhart, Shawn R. Zietsman, Inge L. CA TRAC-South Africa Grp TI Emergence of azole-resistant Candida parapsilosis causing bloodstream infection: results from laboratory-based sentinel surveillance in South Africa SO JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL CHEMOTHERAPY LA English DT Article ID EPIDEMIOLOGIC CUTOFF VALUES; ESCMID-ASTERISK GUIDELINE; SENSITITRE YEASTONE METHOD; ANTIFUNGAL SUSCEPTIBILITY; PREDICT SUSCEPTIBILITY; SPECIES IDENTIFICATION; INTERPRETIVE CRITERIA; FUNGAL-INFECTIONS; GLOBAL EVALUATION; SURROGATE MARKER AB Objectives: To compare Candida species distribution and antifungal susceptibility at South African public-and private-sector hospitals. Methods: From February 2009 through to August 2010, laboratory-based surveillance for candidaemia was undertaken at 11 public-sector hospitals and >85 private-sector hospitals across South Africa. A case was defined as a patient of any age admitted to a sentinel hospital with isolation of Candida species from blood culture. Viable isolates were identified and tested for antifungal susceptibility at a reference laboratory. Demographic and limited clinical data were abstracted from laboratory records. Results: In total, 2172 cases of candidaemia were detected. Among patients with available data, almost two-thirds were critically ill (719/1138, 63%). On multivariable analysis, neonates [adjusted OR (aOR), 2.2; 95% CI, 1.5-3.1; P<0.001] and patients diagnosed in Gauteng province (aOR, 1.9; 95% CI, 1.3-2.7; P<0.001) or in the private sector (aOR, 1.9; 95% CI, 1.2-3.2; P = 0.008) were significantly more likely to be infected with Candida parapsilosis than any other Candida species. Of 531 C. parapsilosis isolates, only 199 (37%) were susceptible to fluconazole and voriconazole; 44% (123/282) of fluconazole-resistant isolates were voriconazole cross-resistant. Factors associated with fluconazole non-susceptible C. parapsilosis infection on multivariable analysis included diagnosis in Gauteng province (aOR, 4.2; 95% CI, 2.7-6.7; P<0.001), an ICU (aOR, 2.3; 95% CI, 1.5-3.6; P<0.001) or the private sector (aOR, 2.2; 95% CI, 1.4-3.5; P<0.001). Conclusions: The dominance of triazole non-susceptible C. parapsilosis limits the choice of antifungal agents for management of candidaemia among critically ill neonates, children and adults in resource-limited South African hospitals. C1 [Govender, Nelesh P.; Patel, Jaymati; Magobo, Rindidzani E.; Naicker, Serisha] Natl Inst Communicable Dis, Ctr Opportunist Trop & Hosp Infect, Johannesburg, South Africa. [Govender, Nelesh P.; Magobo, Rindidzani E.; Wadula, Jeannette; Kularatne, Ranmini] Univ Witwatersrand, Fac Hlth Sci, Johannesburg, South Africa. [Wadula, Jeannette] Chris Hani Baragwanath Hosp, Natl Hlth Lab Serv, Johannesburg, South Africa. [Whitelaw, Andrew] Univ Stellenbosch, Tygerberg Hosp, Natl Hlth Lab Serv, Cape Town, South Africa. [Whitelaw, Andrew] Univ Stellenbosch, Fac Hlth Sci, Cape Town, South Africa. [Coovadia, Yacoob] Univ KwaZulu Natal, Inkosi Albert Luthuli Hosp, Natl Hlth Lab Serv, Durban, South Africa. [Coovadia, Yacoob] Univ KwaZulu Natal, Fac Hlth Sci, Durban, South Africa. [Kularatne, Ranmini] Helen Joseph Hosp, Natl Hlth Lab Serv, Johannesburg, South Africa. [Govind, Chetna] Lancet Labs, Durban, South Africa. [Lockhart, Shawn R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Mycot Dis Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Zietsman, Inge L.] Ampath Natl Lab Serv, Johannesburg, South Africa. RP Govender, NP (reprint author), Natl Inst Communicable Dis, Ctr Opportunist Trop & Hosp Infect, Private Bag X4, ZA-2132 Johannesburg, South Africa. EM neleshg@nicd.ac.za FU National Institute for Communicable Diseases; CDC Foundation; Pfizer FX This work was supported by the National Institute for Communicable Diseases, by a travel grant from The CDC Foundation (to J. P.) and by an investigator-initiated research grant from Pfizer (to N. P. G. and I. L. Z.). The external funders had no role in study design, implementation or data collection, analysis and reporting. NR 41 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0305-7453 EI 1460-2091 J9 J ANTIMICROB CHEMOTH JI J. Antimicrob. Chemother. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 71 IS 7 BP 1994 EP 2004 DI 10.1093/jac/dkw091 PG 11 WC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA DV9FP UT WOS:000383246000032 PM 27125552 ER PT J AU Mudaliar, U Zabetian, A Goodman, M Echouffo-Tcheugui, JB Albright, AL Gregg, EW Ali, MK AF Mudaliar, Uma Zabetian, Azadeh Goodman, Michael Echouffo-Tcheugui, Justin B. Albright, Ann L. Gregg, Edward W. Ali, Mohammed K. TI Cardiometabolic Risk Factor Changes Observed in Diabetes Prevention Programs in US Settings: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis SO PLOS MEDICINE LA English DT Review ID LIFE-STYLE INTERVENTION; IMPAIRED GLUCOSE-TOLERANCE; AFRICAN-AMERICAN CHURCHES; COMPARATIVE EFFECTIVENESS TRIAL; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; WEIGHT-LOSS INTERVENTION; PREDIABETES PREVALENCE; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; PRIMARY-CARE; COMMUNITY AB Background The Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP) study showed that weight loss in high-risk adults lowered diabetes incidence and cardiovascular disease risk. No prior analyses have aggregated weight and cardiometabolic risk factor changes observed in studies implementing DPP interventions in nonresearch settings in the United States. Methods and Findings In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we pooled data from studies in the United States implementing DPP lifestyle modification programs (focused on modest [5%-7%] weight loss through >= 150 min of moderate physical activity per week and restriction of fat intake) in clinical, community, and online settings. We reported aggregated pre- and post-intervention weight and cardiometabolic risk factor changes (fasting blood glucose [FBG], glycosylated hemoglobin [HbA1c], systolic or diastolic blood pressure [SBP/DBP], total [TC] or HDL-cholesterol). We searched the MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and Clinicaltrials.gov databases from January 1, 2003, to May 1, 2016. Two reviewers independently evaluated article eligibility and extracted data on study designs, populations enrolled, intervention program characteristics (duration, number of core and maintenance sessions), and outcomes. We used a random effects model to calculate summary estimates for each outcome and associated 95% confidence intervals (CI). To examine sources of heterogeneity, results were stratified according to the presence of maintenance sessions, risk level of participants (prediabetes or other), and intervention delivery personnel (lay or professional). Forty-four studies that enrolled 8,995 participants met eligibility criteria. Participants had an average age of 50.8 years and body mass index (BMI) of 34.8 kg/m(2), and 25.2% were male. On average, study follow-up was 9.3 mo (median 12.0) with a range of 1.5 to 36 months; programs offered a mean of 12.6 sessions, with mean participant attendance of 11.0 core sessions. Sixty percent of programs offered some form of post-core maintenance (either email or in person). Mean absolute changes observed were: weight -3.77 kg (95% CI: -4.55; -2.99), HbA1c -0.21% (-0.29; -0.13), FBG -2.40 mg/dL (-3.59; -1.21), SBP -4.29 mmHg (-5.73, -2.84), DBP -2.56 mmHg (-3.40, 1.71), HDL +0.85 mg/dL (-0.10, 1.60), and TC -5.34 mg/dL (-9.72, -0.97). Programs with a maintenance component achieved greater reductions in weight (additional -1.66kg) and FBG (additional -3.14 mg/dl). Findings are subject to incomplete reporting and heterogeneity of studies included, and confounding because most included studies used pre- post study designs. Conclusions DPP lifestyle modification programs achieved clinically meaningful weight and cardio-metabolic health improvements. Together, these data suggest that additional value is gained from these programs, reinforcing that they are likely very cost-effective. C1 [Mudaliar, Uma; Zabetian, Azadeh; Goodman, Michael; Ali, Mohammed K.] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Echouffo-Tcheugui, Justin B.] Harvard Med Sch, Div Endocrinol Diabet & Hypertens, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Albright, Ann L.; Gregg, Edward W.; Ali, Mohammed K.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Div Diabet Translat, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Mudaliar, U (reprint author), Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. EM umamudaliar@gmail.com OI , Uma/0000-0003-4897-9548 NR 77 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 6 U2 6 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1549-1676 J9 PLOS MED JI PLos Med. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 13 IS 7 AR e1002095 DI 10.1371/journal.pmed.1002095 PG 19 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA DW0TA UT WOS:000383354300018 PM 27459705 ER PT J AU Hebden, JN Leaptrot, D Anttila, A Allen-Bridson, K Brooks, JE Gross, C Scalise, E Wright, MO AF Hebden, Joan N. Leaptrot, Denise Anttila, Angela Allen-Bridson, Katherine Brooks, Janet E. Gross, Cindy Scalise, Eileen Wright, Marc-Oliver TI Health care-associated infections studies project: An American Journal of Infection Control and National Healthcare Safety Network data quality collaboration 2016 Case #1 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF INFECTION CONTROL LA English DT Article DE LabID; Surveillance; NHSN laboratory-identified event C1 [Hebden, Joan N.] Wolters Kluwer Hlth, 3535 Factoria Blvd SE,Suite 440, Bellevue, WA 98006 USA. [Leaptrot, Denise; Anttila, Angela; Brooks, Janet E.; Gross, Cindy; Scalise, Eileen] CACI Inc, Atlanta, GA USA. [Allen-Bridson, Katherine] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Healthcare Safety Network, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. [Wright, Marc-Oliver] Univ Wisconsin Hosp & Clin, Madison, WI 53792 USA. RP Hebden, JN (reprint author), Wolters Kluwer Hlth, 3535 Factoria Blvd SE,Suite 440, Bellevue, WA 98006 USA. EM jhebden1302@comcast.net OI Gross, Cindy/0000-0002-5030-6556; Leaptrot, Denise/0000-0003-2461-208X FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0196-6553 EI 1527-3296 J9 AM J INFECT CONTROL JI Am. J. Infect. Control PD JUL 1 PY 2016 VL 44 IS 7 BP 761 EP 763 DI 10.1016/j.ajic.2016.02.031 PG 3 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA DU9ZS UT WOS:000382577400009 PM 27174462 ER PT J AU O'Halloran, AC Lu, PJ Williams, WW Ding, H Meyer, SA AF O'Halloran, Alissa C. Lu, Peng-jun Williams, Walter W. Ding, Helen Meyer, Sarah A. TI Tetanus, diphtheria, and acellular pertussis vaccination among women of childbearing age-United States, 2013 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF INFECTION CONTROL LA English DT Article DE Immunization; Tdap vaccination ID IMMUNIZATION PRACTICES ACIP; INFLUENZA VACCINATION; PREGNANT-WOMEN; PNEUMOCOCCAL VACCINATION; ADVISORY-COMMITTEE; ETHNIC DISPARITIES; COVERAGE; ADULTS; TDAP; CARE AB The incidence of pertussis in the United States has increased since the 1990s. Tetanus, diphtheria, and acellular pertussis (Tdap) vaccination of pregnant women provides passive protection to infants. Tdap vaccination is currently recommended for pregnant women during each pregnancy, but coverage among pregnant women and women of childbearing age has been suboptimal. Data from the 2013 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) and 2013 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) were used to determine national and state-specific Tdap vaccination coverage among women of childbearing age by self-reported pregnancy status at the time of the survey. Although this study could not assess coverage of Tdap vaccination received during pregnancy because questions on whether Tdap vaccination was received during pregnancy were not asked in BRFSS and NHIS, demographic and access-to-care factors associated with Tdap vaccination coverage in this population were assessed. Tdap vaccination coverage among all women 18-44 years old was 38.4% based on the BRFSS and 23.3% based on the NHIS. Overall, coverage did not differ by pregnancy status at the time of the survey. Coverage among all women 18-44 years old varied widely by state. Age, race and ethnicity, education, number of children in the household, and access-to-care characteristics were independently associated with Tdap vaccination in both surveys. We identified associations of demographic and access-to-care characteristics with Tdap vaccination that can guide strategies to improve vaccination rates in women during pregnancy. (C) 2016 Association for Professionals in Infection Control and Epidemiology, Inc. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [O'Halloran, Alissa C.] Leidos Inc, Atlanta, GA USA. [O'Halloran, Alissa C.; Lu, Peng-jun; Williams, Walter W.; Ding, Helen] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Immunizat Serv Div, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mail Stop A 19, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Ding, Helen] Eagle Med Serv LLC, Atlanta, GA USA. [Meyer, Sarah A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Div Bacterial Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP O'Halloran, AC (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Immunizat Serv Div, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mail Stop A 19, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM idg3@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 34 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0196-6553 EI 1527-3296 J9 AM J INFECT CONTROL JI Am. J. Infect. Control PD JUL 1 PY 2016 VL 44 IS 7 BP 786 EP 793 DI 10.1016/j.ajic.2016.03.048 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA DU9ZS UT WOS:000382577400014 PM 27372388 ER PT J AU Halpin, AL de Man, TJB Kraft, CS Perry, KA Chan, AW Lieu, S Mikell, J Limbago, BM McDonald, LC AF Halpin, Alison Laufer de Man, Tom J. B. Kraft, Colleen S. Perry, K. Allison Chan, Austin W. Lieu, Sung Mikell, Jeffrey Limbago, Brandi M. McDonald, L. Clifford TI Intestinal microbiome disruption in patients in a long-term acute care hospital: A case for development of microbiome disruption indices to improve infection prevention SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF INFECTION CONTROL LA English DT Article DE Infection control; intestinal microbiome; long-term acute care; Clostridium difficile; carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae; vancomycin-resistant enterococci; antibiotic use ID CLOSTRIDIUM-DIFFICILE INFECTION; STEM-CELL TRANSPLANTATION; GUT MICROBIOTA; RISK; COLONIZATION; DISEASE; HEALTH AB Background: Composition and diversity of intestinal microbial communities (microbiota) are generally accepted as a risk factor for poor outcomes; however, we cannot yet use this information to prevent adverse outcomes. Methods: Stool was collected from 8 long-term acute care hospital patients experiencing diarrhea and 2 fecal microbiota transplant donors; 16S rDNA V1-V2 hypervariable regions were sequenced. Composition and diversity of each sample were described. Stool was also tested for Clostridium difficile, vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE), and carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae. Associations between microbiota diversity and demographic and clinical characteristics, including antibiotic use, were analyzed. Results: Antibiotic exposure and Charlson Comorbidity Index were inversely correlated with diversity (Spearman = -0.7). Two patients were positive for VRE; both had microbiomes dominated by Enterococcus faecium, accounting for 67%-84% of their microbiome. Conclusions: Antibiotic exposure correlated with diversity; however, other environmental and host factors not easily obtainable in a clinical setting are also known to impact the microbiota. Therefore, direct measurement of microbiome disruption by sequencing, rather than reliance on surrogate markers, might be most predictive of adverse outcomes. If and when microbiome characterization becomes a standard diagnostic test, improving our understanding of microbiome dynamics will allow for interpretation of results to improve patient outcomes. Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of Association for Professionals in Infection Control and Epidemiology, Inc. C1 [Halpin, Alison Laufer; de Man, Tom J. B.; Perry, K. Allison; Limbago, Brandi M.; McDonald, L. Clifford] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual & Promot, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS A-31, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Kraft, Colleen S.] Emory Univ, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Chan, Austin W.] Duke Univ, Div Infect Dis, Durham, NC USA. [Lieu, Sung; Mikell, Jeffrey] Emory Univ, Dept Med, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. RP Halpin, AL (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual & Promot, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS A-31, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM ALaufer@cdc.gov RI Laufer Halpin, Alison/E-5453-2015 OI Laufer Halpin, Alison/0000-0003-1643-1617 FU Center for AIDS Research [P30 AI050409] FX Supported in part by the Center for AIDS Research (grant no. P30 AI050409, awarded to C.S.K.). NR 35 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 4 U2 4 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0196-6553 EI 1527-3296 J9 AM J INFECT CONTROL JI Am. J. Infect. Control PD JUL 1 PY 2016 VL 44 IS 7 BP 830 EP 836 DI 10.1016/j.ajic.2016.01.003 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA DU9ZS UT WOS:000382577400022 PM 26905790 ER PT J AU Sheoran, B Silva, CL Lykens, JE Gamedze, L Williams, S Ford, JV Habel, MA AF Sheoran, Bhupendra Silva, Cara Lynn Lykens, James Elliot Gamedze, Londiwe Williams, Samantha Ford, Jessie VanNess Habel, Melissa A. TI YTH StreetConnect: Development and Usability of a Mobile App for Homeless and Unstably Housed Youth SO JMIR MHEALTH AND UHEALTH LA English DT Article DE mHealth; homelessness; youth; STD; sexually transmitted diseases; mobile app ID HEALTH-CARE; BARRIERS AB Background: Homeless and unstably housed (H/UH) youth are disproportionately affected by sexual health issues, including human immunodeficiency virus/sexually transmitted diseases, teen pregnancy, and dating violence, and are at a higher risk for poor mental health and underutilization of services. Research suggests that linking health care to H/UH adolescents might help improve their continuity of care, with most preferring to access health care information via the Internet. YTH StreetConnect is a dual-purpose mobile app that helps H/UH youth access health and vital services in Santa Clara County, CA, USA. We developed YTH StreetConnect PRO in parallel with the youth app as a companion tablet app for providers who serve H/UH youth. Objective: The objective of our study was to develop a mobile app to support H/UH youth and their providers in accessing health and vital resources, and to conduct usability and feasibility testing of the app among H/UH youth and technical consultants with local expertise in serving H/UH youth. Methods: Formative research included a literature review on H/UH youths' mobile phone and Internet usage. In January 2015, we conducted interviews with medical and service providers of H/UH youth. Usability and feasibility testing were done with target audiences. Additionally, we conducted focus groups with youth regarding the app's youth friendliness, accessibility, and usefulness. Results: H/UH youth and their providers noted the app's functionality, youth friendliness, and resources. Usability testing proposed improvements to the app, including visual updates to the user interface, map icons, new underrepresented resource categories, and the addition of a peer rating system. Limitations included a small sample size among H/UH youth and providers and a single site for the study (Santa Clara County, CA), making the findings ungeneralizable to the US population. Conclusions: YTH StreetConnect is a promising way to increase service utilization, provide referral access, and share resources among H/UH youth and providers. Input from H/UH youth and providers offers insights on how to improve future models of YTH StreetConnect and similar programs that assist H/UH youth. C1 [Sheoran, Bhupendra; Silva, Cara Lynn; Lykens, James Elliot; Gamedze, Londiwe] YTH, 409 13th St,14th Floor, Oakland, CA 94612 USA. [Williams, Samantha; Habel, Melissa A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Ford, Jessie VanNess] NYU, New York, NY USA. RP Sheoran, B (reprint author), YTH, 409 13th St,14th Floor, Oakland, CA 94612 USA. EM sheoran@yth.org NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 7 U2 7 PU JMIR PUBLICATIONS, INC PI TORONTO PA 59 WINNERS CIRCLE, TORONTO, ON M4L 3Y7, CANADA SN 2291-5222 J9 JMIR MHEALTH UHEALTH JI JMIR mHealth uHealth PD JUL-SEP PY 2016 VL 4 IS 3 AR e82 DI 10.2196/mhealth.5168 PG 7 WC Health Care Sciences & Services SC Health Care Sciences & Services GA DT0OZ UT WOS:000381184200001 PM 27417882 ER PT J AU Long, CM Marshall, NB Lukomska, E Kashon, ML Meade, BJ Shane, H Anderson, SE AF Long, Carrie Mae Marshall, Nikki B. Lukomska, Ewa Kashon, Michael L. Meade, B. Jean Shane, Hillary Anderson, Stacey E. TI A Role for Regulatory T Cells in a Murine Model of Epicutaneous Toluene Diisocyanate Sensitization SO TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE chemical sensitization; isocyanate; TDI; chemical allergy; regulatory T cells; hypersensitivity ID TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR FOXP3; TGF-BETA; IN-VIVO; AIRWAY INFLAMMATION; OCCUPATIONAL ASTHMA; RECEPTOR CCR6; MICE; TREG; EXPRESSION; TOLERANCE AB Toluene diisocyanate (TDI) is a leading cause of chemical-induced occupational asthma which impacts workers in a variety of industries worldwide. Recently, the robust regulatory potential of regulatory T cells (T-regs) has become apparent, including their functional role in the regulation of allergic disease; however, their function in TDI-induced sensitization has not been explored. To elucidate the kinetics, phenotype, and function of T-regs during TDI sensitization, BALB/c mice were dermally exposed (on each ear) to a single application of TDI (0.5-4% v/v) or acetone vehicle and endpoints were evaluated via RT-PCR and flow cytometry. The draining lymph node (dLN) T-reg population expanded significantly 4, 7, and 9 days after single 4% TDI exposure. This population was identified using a variety of surface and intracellular markers and was found to be phenotypically heterogeneous based on increased expression of markers including CD103, CCR6, CTLA4, ICOS, and Neuropilin-1 during TDI sensitization. T-regs isolated from TDI-sensitized mice were significantly more suppressive compared with their control counterparts, further supporting a functional role for T-regs during TDI sensitization. Last, T-regs were depleted prior to TDI sensitization and an intensified sensitization response was observed. Collectively, these data indicate that T-regs exhibit a functional role during TDI sensitization. Because the role of T-regs in TDI sensitization has not been previously elucidated, these data contribute to the understanding of the immunologic mechanisms of chemical induced allergic disease. C1 [Long, Carrie Mae; Marshall, Nikki B.; Lukomska, Ewa; Meade, B. Jean; Shane, Hillary; Anderson, Stacey E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Allergy & Clin Immunol Branch, Hlth Effects Lab Div, Natl Inst Occupat Safety & Hlth, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. [Long, Carrie Mae] West Virginia Univ, Sch Med, Immunol & Microbial Pathogenesis Grad Program, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. [Kashon, Michael L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Biostat & Epidemiol Branch, Hlth Effects Lab Div, Natl Inst Occupat Safety & Hlth, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. RP Long, CM (reprint author), CDC, NIOSH, 1095 Willowdale Rd,Mailstop 4020, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. EM cmlong@cdc.gov FU National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health FX This work was supported by intramural funds from the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. NR 59 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1096-6080 EI 1096-0929 J9 TOXICOL SCI JI Toxicol. Sci. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 152 IS 1 BP 85 EP 98 DI 10.1093/toxsci/kfw074 PG 14 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA DT2AA UT WOS:000381282000009 PM 27103660 ER PT J AU Moro, PL Woo, EJ Paul, W Lewis, P Petersen, BW Cano, M AF Moro, Pedro L. Woo, Emily Jane Paul, Wendy Lewis, Paige Petersen, Brett W. Cano, Maria TI Post-Marketing Surveillance of Human Rabies Diploid Cell Vaccine (Imovax) in the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS) in the United States, 1990. 2015 SO PLOS NEGLECTED TROPICAL DISEASES LA English DT Article ID ACUTE DISSEMINATED ENCEPHALOMYELITIS; IMMUNIZATION SAFETY DATA; GUILLAIN-BARRE-SYNDROME; ADVISORY-COMMITTEE; RECOMMENDATIONS; VACCINATIONS; GUIDELINES; COLLECTION; RISK AB Background In 1980, human diploid cell vaccine (HDCV, Imovax Rabies, Sanofi Pasteur), was licensed for use in the United States. Objective To assess adverse events (AEs) after HDCV reported to the US Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS), a spontaneous reporting surveillance system. Methods We searched VAERS for US reports after HDCV among persons vaccinated from January 1, 1990-July 31, 2015. Medical records were requested for reports classified as serious ( death, hospitalization, prolonged hospitalization, disability, life-threatening-illness), and those suggesting anaphylaxis and Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS). Physicians reviewed available information and assigned a primary clinical category to each report using MedDRA system organ classes. Empirical Bayesian (EB) data mining was used to identify disproportional AE reporting after HDCV. Results VAERS received 1,611 reports after HDCV; 93 (5.8%) were serious. Among all reports, the three most common AEs included pyrexia (18.2%), headache (17.9%), and nausea (16.5%). Among serious reports, four deaths appeared to be unrelated to vaccination. Conclusions This 25-year review of VAERS did not identify new or unexpected AEs after HDCV. The vast majority of AEs were non-serious. Injection site reactions, hypersensitivity reactions, and non-specific constitutional symptoms were most frequently reported, similar to findings in pre-licensure studies. C1 [Moro, Pedro L.; Lewis, Paige; Cano, Maria] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Immunizat Safety Off, Div Healthcare Qual Promot DHQP, Natl Ctr Zoonot & Emerging Infect Dis NCZEID, Atlanta, GA USA. [Woo, Emily Jane; Paul, Wendy] US FDA, Ctr Biol Evaluat & Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Petersen, Brett W.] CDC, Poxvirus & Rabies Branch, Div High Consequence Pathogens & Pathol, NCZEID, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Moro, PL (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Immunizat Safety Off, Div Healthcare Qual Promot DHQP, Natl Ctr Zoonot & Emerging Infect Dis NCZEID, Atlanta, GA USA. EM pmoro@cdc.gov NR 22 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1935-2735 J9 PLOS NEGLECT TROP D JI Plos Neglect. Trop. Dis. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 10 IS 7 AR e0004846 DI 10.1371/journal.pntd.0004846 PG 11 WC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine SC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine GA DS8FC UT WOS:000381017800050 PM 27410239 ER PT J AU Ruiz, P Perlina, A Mumtaz, M Fowler, BA AF Ruiz, Patricia Perlina, Ally Mumtaz, Moiz Fowler, Bruce A. TI A Systems Biology Approach Reveals Converging Molecular Mechanisms that Link Different POPs to Common Metabolic Diseases SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Article ID PERSISTENT ORGANIC POLLUTANTS; POLYCHLORINATED-BIPHENYLS; DIABETES-MELLITUS; ADIPOSE-TISSUE; ORGANOCHLORINE PESTICIDES; ENDOTHELIAL DYSFUNCTION; NATIONAL-HEALTH; SERUM DIOXIN; INFLAMMATION; ASSOCIATION AB BACKGROUND: A number of epidemiological studies have identified statistical associations between persistent organic pollutants (POPs) and metabolic diseases, but testable hypotheses regarding underlying molecular mechanisms to explain these linkages have not been published. OBJECTIVES: We assessed the underlying mechanisms of POPs that have been associated with metabolic diseases; three well-known POPs [2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzodioxin (TCDD), 2,2',4,4',5,5'-hexachlorobiphenyl (PCB 153), and 4,4'-dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (p,p'-DDE)] were studied. We used advanced database search tools to delineate testable hypotheses and to guide laboratory-based research studies into underlying mechanisms by which this POP mixture could produce or exacerbate metabolic diseases. METHODS: For our searches, we used proprietary systems biology software (MetaCore (TM)/MetaDrug (TM)) to conduct advanced search queries for the underlying interactions database, followed by directional network construction to identify common mechanisms for these POPs within two or fewer interaction steps downstream of their primary targets. These common downstream pathways belong to various cytokine and chemokine families with experimentally well-documented causal associations with type 2 diabetes. CONCLUSIONS: Our systems biology approach allowed identification of converging pathways leading to activation of common downstream targets. To our knowledge, this is the first study to propose an integrated global set of step-by-step molecular mechanisms for a combination of three common POPs using a systems biology approach, which may link POP exposure to diseases. Experimental evaluation of the proposed pathways may lead to development of predictive biomarkers of the effects of POPs, which could translate into disease prevention and effective clinical treatment strategies. C1 [Ruiz, Patricia; Mumtaz, Moiz] Agcy Tox Subst & Dis Registry, Computat Toxicol & Methods Dev Lab, Div Toxicol & Human Hlth Sci, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS F57, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Perlina, Ally] Sanford Burnham Prebys Med Discovery Inst, La Jolla, CA USA. [Fowler, Bruce A.] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. RP Ruiz, P (reprint author), Agcy Tox Subst & Dis Registry, Computat Toxicol & Methods Dev Lab, Div Toxicol & Human Hlth Sci, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS F57, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM pruiz@cdc.gov NR 42 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 11 U2 12 PU US DEPT HEALTH HUMAN SCIENCES PUBLIC HEALTH SCIENCE PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA NATL INST HEALTH, NATL INST ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES, PO BOX 12233, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-2233 USA SN 0091-6765 EI 1552-9924 J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP JI Environ. Health Perspect. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 124 IS 7 BP 1034 EP 1041 DI 10.1289/ehp.1510308 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA DS4KF UT WOS:000380749300026 PM 26685285 ER PT J AU Bevins, S Pappert, R Young, J Schmit, B Kohler, D Baeten, L AF Bevins, Sarah Pappert, Ryan Young, John Schmit, Brandon Kohler, Dennis Baeten, Laurie TI EFFECT OF STORAGE TIME AND STORAGE CONDITIONS ON ANTIBODY DETECTION IN BLOOD SAMPLES COLLECTED ON FILTER PAPER SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Antibody; blood; coyote; filter paper; Nobuto; plague; Yersinia pestis ID COYOTES CANIS-LATRANS; TROPICAL DISEASES; YERSINIA-PESTIS; WHOLE-BLOOD; VIRUS; SEROLOGY; SURVEILLANCE; DIAGNOSIS; SPOTS AB Using filter paper to collect blood from wildlife for antibody analysis can be a powerful technique to simplify the collection, transport, and storage of blood samples. Despite these advantages, there are limited data that detail how long these samples can be stored and how storage conditions affect antibody longevity. We used blood samples collected on filter paper from coyotes experimentally infected with Yersinia pestis to determine optimum sample storage conditions over time. Blood samples collected on filter paper were stored for 454 d or more in four groups: 1) at ambient temperature and at ambient relative humidity, 2) at ambient temperature with desiccant, 3) at 4 C with desiccant, and 4) at -20 C with desiccant. Samples stored at 4 C or -20 C with desiccant had detectable antibody for a longer period of time than the samples stored at room temperature. C1 [Bevins, Sarah; Schmit, Brandon; Kohler, Dennis] Wildlife Serv, US Dept Agr, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, 4101 Laporte Ave, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Pappert, Ryan; Young, John] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 3150 Rampart Rd, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Baeten, Laurie] Colorado State Univ, 1683 Campus Delivery, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. RP Bevins, S (reprint author), Wildlife Serv, US Dept Agr, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, 4101 Laporte Ave, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM sarah.n.bevins@aphis.usda.gov NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU WILDLIFE DISEASE ASSOC, INC PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA SN 0090-3558 EI 1943-3700 J9 J WILDLIFE DIS JI J. Wildl. Dis. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 52 IS 3 BP 478 EP 483 DI 10.7589/2015-09-242 PG 6 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA DT5NA UT WOS:000381528700004 PM 27187032 ER PT J AU Gallardo-Romero, NF Arechiga-Ceballos, N Emerson, GL Martinez-Martinez, FO Doty, JB Nakazawa, YJ Rendon-Franco, E Munoz-Garcia, CI Villanueva-Garcia, C Ramirez-Cid, C Gama-Campillo, LM Gual-Sill, F Aguilar-Setien, A Carroll, DS AF Gallardo-Romero, Nadia F. Arechiga-Ceballos, Nidia Emerson, Ginny L. Martinez-Martinez, Flor O. Doty, Jeffrey B. Nakazawa, Yoshinori J. Rendon-Franco, Emilio Munoz-Garcia, Claudia I. Villanueva-Garcia, Claudia Ramirez-Cid, Citlali Gama-Campillo, Lilia M. Gual-Sill, Fernando Aguilar-Setien, Alvaro Carroll, Darin S. TI ENDEMIC ORTHOPOXVIRUS CIRCULATING IN PROCYONIDS IN MEXICO SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Antibody prevalence; Orthopoxvirus; procyonids; serosurvey ID MONKEYPOX VIRUS; RESERVOIR HOSTS; VACCINIA; SQUIRRELS; OUTBREAKS; WILDLIFE; PROTEINS; COWPOX; HUMANS; BRAZIL AB Limited serosurveillance studies suggested that orthopoxviruses (OPXV) are widespread in the US (e.g., Raccoonpox virus, Skunkpox virus, Volepox virus) and Brazil (Vaccinia virus); however, their animal reservoir(s) remain unconfirmed. Mexican mammal diversity includes several species related to those in which evidence for OPXV infections has been found (Oryzomys, Peromyscus, Microtus, and Procyonidae). The presence of these groups of mammals in Mexico and the evidence of their possible involvement in the maintenance of OPXV in nature suggest the same or similar OPXV are circulating in Mexico. We tested 201 sera from 129 procyonids via modified enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and Western blot (WB) to estimate OPXV antibody prevalence in these animals. We detected a prevalence of 16.67% in Nasua narica (white-nosed coati), 35% in Procyon lotor (raccoon), and 30.4% in Bassariscus astutus (ring-tailed cat) when tested by either ELISA or WB. Western blot results presented protein bands consistent with the size of some OPXV immunodominant bands (14, 18, 32, 36, and 62 kDa). These results support the hypothesis that OPXV circulate in at least three genera of Procyonidae in Central and Southeast Mexico. C1 [Gallardo-Romero, Nadia F.; Emerson, Ginny L.; Doty, Jeffrey B.; Nakazawa, Yoshinori J.; Carroll, Darin S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Poxvirus & Rabies Branch, 1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Arechiga-Ceballos, Nidia; Martinez-Martinez, Flor O.; Aguilar-Setien, Alvaro] Hosp Pediat Mexico City, Ctr Med Nacl Siglo 21, Inst Mexicano Seguro Social, Unidad Invest Med & Inmunol, Ave Cuauhtemoc 330 Col Doctores, Mexico City 06720, DF, Mexico. [Rendon-Franco, Emilio; Munoz-Garcia, Claudia I.; Gual-Sill, Fernando] Univ Autonoma Metropolitana, Dept Prod Agr & Anim, Unidad Xochimilco, Calzada Hueso 1100 Col Villa Quietud, Mexico City 04960, DF, Mexico. [Villanueva-Garcia, Claudia; Gama-Campillo, Lilia M.] Univ Juarez Autonoma Tabasco, Lab Ecol Paisaje & Cambio Global, Div Acad Ciencias Biol, Carretera Villahermosa Cardenas Km 0-5 S-N, Tabasco 86150, Mexico. [Ramirez-Cid, Citlali; Gual-Sill, Fernando] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Fac Med Vet & Zootecnia, Circuito Exterior S-N, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico. RP Gallardo-Romero, NF (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Poxvirus & Rabies Branch, 1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM hfa5@cdc.gov NR 22 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 7 U2 7 PU WILDLIFE DISEASE ASSOC, INC PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA SN 0090-3558 EI 1943-3700 J9 J WILDLIFE DIS JI J. Wildl. Dis. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 52 IS 3 BP 609 EP 615 DI 10.7589/2015-10-291 PG 7 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA DT5NA UT WOS:000381528700019 PM 27224209 ER PT J AU Bruce, MG Bruden, D Hurlburt, D Zanis, C Thompson, G Rea, L Toomey, M Townshend-Bulson, L Rudolph, K Bulkow, L Spradling, PR Baum, R Hennessy, T McMahon, BJ AF Bruce, Michael G. Bruden, Dana Hurlburt, Debby Zanis, Carolyn Thompson, Gail Rea, Lisa Toomey, Michele Townshend-Bulson, Lisa Rudolph, Karen Bulkow, Lisa Spradling, Philip R. Baum, Richard Hennessy, Thomas McMahon, Brian J. TI Antibody Levels and Protection After Hepatitis B Vaccine: Results of a 30-Year Follow-up Study and Response to a Booster Dose SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article DE hepatitis B; immunogenicity; Alaska Native; plasma-derived vaccine; Alaska; US; cohort; 30 years; antibody; anti-HBs ID LONG-TERM IMMUNOGENICITY; VIRUS-INFECTION; ALASKA NATIVES; PERSISTENCE; EFFICACY; BIRTH; POPULATION; PROGRAM; UPDATE AB Background. The duration of protection in children and adults resulting from hepatitis B vaccination is unknown. In 1981, we immunized a cohort of 1578 Alaska Native adults and children from 15 Alaska communities aged >= 6 months using 3 doses of plasma-derived hepatitis B vaccine. Methods. Persons were tested for antibody to hepatitis B surface antigen (anti-HBs) levels 30 years after receiving the primary series. Those with levels <10 mIU/mL received 1 booster dose of recombinant hepatitis B vaccine 2-4 weeks later and were then evaluated on the basis of anti-HBs measurements 30 days after the booster. Results. Among 243 persons (56%) who responded to the original primary series but received no subsequent doses during the 30-year period, 125 (51%) had an anti-HBs level >= 10 mIU/mL. Among participants with anti-HBs levels < 10 mIU/mL who were available for follow-up, 75 of 85 (88%) responded to a booster dose with an anti-HBs level >= 10 mIU/mL at 30 days. Initial anti-HBs level after the primary series was correlated with higher anti-HBs levels at 30 years. Conclusions. Based on anti-HBs level >= 10 mIU/mL at 30 years and an 88% booster dose response, we estimate that >= 90% of participants had evidence of protection 30 years later. Booster doses are not needed. C1 [Bruce, Michael G.; Bruden, Dana; Hurlburt, Debby; Zanis, Carolyn; Thompson, Gail; Rea, Lisa; Toomey, Michele; Rudolph, Karen; Bulkow, Lisa; Baum, Richard; Hennessy, Thomas; McMahon, Brian J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Arctic Invest Program, Div Preparedness & Emerging Infect, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Anchorage, AK USA. [Townshend-Bulson, Lisa; McMahon, Brian J.] Alaska Native Tribal Hlth Consortium, Liver Dis & Hepatitis Program, Anchorage, AK USA. [Spradling, Philip R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidemiol & Surveillance Branch, Div Viral Hepatitis, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis Sexually Transm, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Bruce, MG (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Arctic Invest Program, 4055 Tudor Ctr Dr, Anchorage, AK 99507 USA. EM zwa8@cdc.gov FU CDC [U50/CCU022279]; Alaska Native Tribal Health Consortium [U50/CCU022279] FX This work is supported by in-kind personnel support and from a cooperative agreement (U50/CCU022279) between the CDC and the Alaska Native Tribal Health Consortium. NR 25 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0022-1899 EI 1537-6613 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD JUL 1 PY 2016 VL 214 IS 1 BP 16 EP 22 DI 10.1093/infdis/jiv748 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA DR3SF UT WOS:000379822200004 PM 26802139 ER PT J AU Prather, C Fuller, TR Marshall, KJ Jeffries, WL AF Prather, Cynthia Fuller, Taleria R. Marshall, Khiya J. Jeffries, William L. TI The Impact of Racism on the Sexual and Reproductive Health of African American Women SO JOURNAL OF WOMENS HEALTH LA English DT Article ID PREGNANCY-RELATED MORTALITY; HIV-POSITIVE WOMEN; LOW-BIRTH-WEIGHT; UNITED-STATES; PUBLIC-HEALTH; ECOSOCIAL PERSPECTIVE; ADDRESSING POVERTY; CULTURAL MISTRUST; ALLOSTATIC LOAD; BLACK-WOMEN AB African American women are disproportionately affected by multiple sexual and reproductive health conditions compared with women of other races/ethnicities. Research suggests that social determinants of health, including poverty, unemployment, and limited education, contribute to health disparities. However, racism is a probable underlying determinant of these social conditions. This article uses a socioecological model to describe racism and its impact on African American women's sexual and reproductive health. Although similar models have been used for specific infectious and chronic diseases, they have not described how the historical underpinnings of racism affect current sexual and reproductive health outcomes among African American women. We propose a socioecological model that demonstrates how social determinants grounded in racism affect individual behaviors and interpersonal relationships, which may contribute to sexual and reproductive health outcomes. This model provides a perspective to understand how these unique contextual experiences are intertwined with the daily lived experiences of African American women and how they are potentially linked to poor sexual and reproductive health outcomes. The model also presents an opportunity to increase dialog and research among public health practitioners and encourages them to consider the role of these contextual experiences and supportive data when developing prevention interventions. Considerations address the provision of opportunities to promote health equity by reducing the effects of racism and improving African American women's sexual and reproductive health. C1 [Prather, Cynthia; Jeffries, William L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS, Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Fuller, Taleria R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. [Marshall, Khiya J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Violence Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Prather, C (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV Hepatitis STD & TB Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS E-37, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM cdp2@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 95 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 15 U2 15 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT, INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1540-9996 EI 1931-843X J9 J WOMENS HEALTH JI J. Womens Health PD JUL PY 2016 VL 25 IS 7 BP 664 EP 671 DI 10.1089/jwh.2015.5637 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Women's Studies SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Women's Studies GA DS5GB UT WOS:000380808300004 PM 27227533 ER PT J AU Ahrens, KA Rossen, LM Branum, AM AF Ahrens, Katherine A. Rossen, Lauren M. Branum, Amy M. TI Pregnancy loss history at first parity and selected adverse pregnancy outcomes SO ANNALS OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Pregnancy loss; Preterm birth; Low birthweight; Miscarriage ID MEDICAL-RECORD VALIDATION; LOW-BIRTH-WEIGHT; SPONTANEOUS-ABORTION; PRETERM BIRTH; GESTATIONAL-AGE; RISK-FACTORS; MISCARRIAGE; COHORT; RECALL; EPIDEMIOLOGY AB Purpose: To evaluate the association between pregnancy loss history and adverse pregnancy outcomes. Methods: Pregnancy history was captured during a computer-assisted personal interview for 21,277 women surveyed in the National Survey of Family Growth (1995-2013). History of pregnancy loss (<20 weeks) at first parity was categorized in three ways: number of losses, maximum gestational age of loss(es), and recency of last pregnancy loss. We estimated risk ratios for a composite measure of selected adverse pregnancy outcomes (preterm, stillbirth, or low birthweight) at first parity and in any future pregnancy, separately, using predicted margins from adjusted logistic regression models. Results: At first parity, compared with having no loss, having 3+ previous pregnancy losses (adjusted risk ratio (aRR) = 1.66 [95% CI = 1.13, 2.43]), a maximum gestational age of loss(es) at >= 10 weeks (aRR = 1.28 [1.04, 1.56]) or having experienced a loss 24+ months ago (aRR = 136 [1.10, 1.68]) were associated with increased risks of adverse pregnancy outcomes. For future pregnancies, only having a history of 3+ previous pregnancy losses at first parity was associated with increased risks (aRR = 1.97 [1.08, 3.60]). Conclusion: Number, gestational age, and recency of pregnancy loss at first parity were associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes in U.S. women. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Ahrens, Katherine A.; Rossen, Lauren M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Infant Child & Womens Hlth Stat Branch, Off Anal & Epidemiol, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD USA. [Branum, Amy M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Reprod Stat Branch, Div Vital Stat, Hyattsville, MD USA. RP Ahrens, KA (reprint author), Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Infant Child & Womens Hlth Stat Branch, CDC Off Anal & Epidemiol, 3311 Toledo Rd,Room 6119, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. EM kate.ahrens@hhs.gov NR 40 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1047-2797 EI 1873-2585 J9 ANN EPIDEMIOL JI Ann. Epidemiol. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 26 IS 7 BP 474 EP 481 DI 10.1016/j.annepidem.2016.04.011 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DS6BL UT WOS:000380866600005 PM 27262817 ER PT J AU Campagnolo, ER Kinsey, CB Beaudoin, A Long, J AF Campagnolo, Enzo Riccardo Kinsey, Cara Bicking Beaudoin, Amanda Long, Jonah TI Assessment of Awareness and Preparedness of Pennsylvania Veterinarians to Recognize and Respond to Foreign Animal Diseases SO JOURNAL OF HOMELAND SECURITY AND EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE accredited veterinarian; agroterrorism; biocrime; bioterrorism; emergency preparedness; FAD; FMD; foot and mouth disease; Foreign animal disease; H5N2; H5N8; highly pathogenic avian influenza; homeland security; HPAI; outbreak; Pennsylvania; public health; USDA; zoonoses ID BIOLOGICAL WARFARE; SECTOR AB Foreign animal diseases (FADs) are recognized as a threat to agriculture, with potential devastating effects on our nation's livestock and poultry industries. As weapons of bioterrorism, FADs also represent a threat to our nation's homeland security. Veterinarians play a vital role in protecting our nation's agricultural resources through their ability to identify and promptly respond to FADs, some of which are of public health concern. Veterinarians working in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania were surveyed to assess their awareness of FADs and their preparedness to recognize and respond to potential cases. Two hundred thirty-seven veterinary practitioners completed an online questionnaire which included demographic and practice characteristics, federal accreditation status, awareness of FAD history in the United States, awareness of current FAD threats, training, and professional experiences with FADs. In the analysis, we identified topics respondents were most familiar, and those which they feel pose the greatest disease threat. We also assessed respondents' interest in receiving supplemental training on FADs. Results of this survey indicate that most participating Pennsylvania veterinarians are familiar with FADs and have had educational exposure to FADs either during their formal veterinary education or through the United States Department of Agriculture veterinary accreditation program. However, the majority feels unprepared to recognize FADs. Most survey respondents expressed an interest in receiving supplemental training on FADs, and were willing to travel to receive the training. C1 [Campagnolo, Enzo Riccardo; Kinsey, Cara Bicking; Beaudoin, Amanda] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Campagnolo, Enzo Riccardo; Kinsey, Cara Bicking; Long, Jonah] Penn Dept Hlth, Harrisburg, PA 17120 USA. RP Campagnolo, ER (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA.; Campagnolo, ER (reprint author), Penn Dept Hlth, Harrisburg, PA 17120 USA. EM ejc5@cdc.gov NR 27 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU WALTER DE GRUYTER GMBH PI BERLIN PA GENTHINER STRASSE 13, D-10785 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 2194-6361 EI 1547-7355 J9 J HOMEL SECUR EMERG JI J. Homel. Secur. Emerg. Manag. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 13 IS 2 BP 279 EP 294 DI 10.1515/jhsem-2016-0007 PG 16 WC Public Administration SC Public Administration GA DS4KV UT WOS:000380750900004 ER PT J AU Coronado, F Chen, GM Smith, CK Glynn, MK AF Coronado, Fatima Chen, Guan M. Smith, C. Kay Glynn, M. Kathleen TI Communicating Science: The Role of Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Field-Based Epidemic Intelligence Service Officers, 2009-2014 SO JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH MANAGEMENT AND PRACTICE LA English DT Article DE education; Epidemic Intelligence Service; journal impact factor; publishing ID INFLUENZA-A H1N1 AB Context: A highly skilled public health workforce is needed for responding to health threats, and that workforce must be able to communicate its scientific findings effectively. Objective: We evaluated the scientific communication effectiveness of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's (CDC's) field-based Epidemic Intelligence Service officers (EISOs). Design: A descriptive analysis of all scientific information products produced and submitted for institutional clearance by CDC's field-based EISOs during 2009-2014. Main Outcome Measure(s): The number of abstracts, journal manuscripts, Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Reports (MMWRs), and other information products approved by CDC during 2009-2014; the number of those products published; and of those published, the number cited in the scientific literature. Results: During 2009-2014, a total of 152 field-based EISOs produced 835 scientific information products, including 437 abstracts, 261 manuscripts, and 103 MMWRs. The majority of scientific information products submitted for clearance were abstracts (52.3%), and infectious diseases (75.3%) constituted the majority of topics. Among the 103 MMWRs and 261 manuscripts cleared, 88 (85%) and 199 (76%) were published, respectively, with the majority also infectious disease-related. The 199 published manuscripts were cited in the scientific literature 2415 times, and the 88 published MMWRs were cited 1249 times. Field-based EISOs published their work in 74 different peer-reviewed medical and public health journals, with 54% published in journals with impact factors of 1 to 5. Conclusions: Field-based EISOs' publications are a measurable marker that reflects proficiency in epidemiology, written communication, and professionalism, and those publications are a direct reflection of EISOs' contribution to local and state health departments. Our study establishes a baseline for future evaluations of publication outcome of scientific information products by EISOs. Information released by EISOs provides health professionals with the scientific knowledge necessary for improving their practice and helps CDC achieve a broader societal, environmental, cultural, and economic impact. C1 [Coronado, Fatima; Chen, Guan M.; Smith, C. Kay; Glynn, M. Kathleen] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sci Educ & Profess Dev, Ctr Surveillance Epidemiol & Lab Serv, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Coronado, F (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS E-92, Atlanta, GA 30029 USA. EM fec2@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 4 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 1078-4659 EI 1550-5022 J9 J PUBLIC HEALTH MAN JI J. Public Health Manag. Pract. PD JUL-AUG PY 2016 VL 22 IS 4 BP 403 EP 408 DI 10.1097/PHH.0000000000000326 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DS5PA UT WOS:000380833100016 PM 26308706 ER PT J AU Iskander, J Bang, G Stupp, E Connick, K Gomez, O Gidudu, J AF Iskander, John Bang, Gail Stupp, Emma Connick, Kathy Gomez, Onnalee Gidudu, Jane TI Articles Published and Downloaded by Public Health Scientists: Analysis of Data From the CDC Public Health Library, 2011-2013 SO JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH MANAGEMENT AND PRACTICE LA English DT Article DE information storage and retrieval; literature search; medical libraries; public health library; scientific journals; systematic review ID COMMUNITY-PREVENTIVE-SERVICES; FOR-DISEASE-CONTROL; SYSTEMATIC REVIEWS; INFORMATION; COLLECTION; QUALITY AB Objective: To describe scientific information usage and publication patterns of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Public Health Library and Information Center patrons. Design: Administratively collected patron usage data and aggregate data on CDC-authored publications from the CDC Library for 3 consecutive years were analyzed. Setting: The CDC Public Health Library and Information Center, which serves CDC employees nationally and internationally. Participants: Internal patrons and external users of the CDC Library. Main Outcome Measure(s): Three-year trends in full-text article publication and downloads including most common journals used for each purpose, systematic literature searches requested and completed, and subscriptions to a weekly public health current literature awareness service. Results: From 2011 to 2013, CDC scientists published a total of 7718 articles in the peer-reviewed literature. During the same period, article downloads from the CDC Library increased 25% to more than 1.1 million, completed requests for reviews of the scientific literature increased by 34%, and electronic subscriptions to literature compilation services increased by 23%. Conclusions: CDC's scientific output and information use via the CDC Library are both increasing. Researchers and field staff are making greater use of literature review services and other customized information content delivery. Virtual public health library access is an increasingly important resource for the scientific practice of public health. C1 [Iskander, John; Gidudu, Jane] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Associate Director Sci, Off Director, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS D-50, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Bang, Gail; Stupp, Emma; Connick, Kathy; Gomez, Onnalee] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Publ Hlth Informat Disseminat, Ctr Surveillance Epidemiol & Lab Serv, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Iskander, J (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Associate Director Sci, Off Director, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS D-50, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM jxi0@cdc.gov NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 1078-4659 EI 1550-5022 J9 J PUBLIC HEALTH MAN JI J. Public Health Manag. Pract. PD JUL-AUG PY 2016 VL 22 IS 4 BP 409 EP 414 DI 10.1097/PHH.0000000000000277 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DS5PA UT WOS:000380833100017 PM 26049676 ER PT J AU Bonda, DJ Manjila, S Mehndiratta, P Khan, F Miller, BR Onwuzulike, K Puoti, G Cohen, ML Schonberger, LB Cali, I AF Bonda, David J. Manjila, Sunil Mehndiratta, Prachi Khan, Fahd Miller, Benjamin R. Onwuzulike, Kaine Puoti, Gianfranco Cohen, Mark L. Schonberger, Lawrence B. Cali, Ignazio TI Human prion diseases: surgical lessons learned from iatrogenic prion transmission SO NEUROSURGICAL FOCUS LA English DT Article DE scrapie prion protein; transmissible spongiform encephalopathy; iatrogenic; neurosurgery; instrument decontamination ID CREUTZFELDT-JAKOB-DISEASE; FATAL FAMILIAL INSOMNIA; PROTEASE-SENSITIVE PRIONOPATHY; TO-PERSON TRANSMISSION; CENTRAL-NERVOUS-SYSTEM; SPONGIFORM ENCEPHALOPATHY; DEGENERATIVE DISEASE; CLINICAL-FEATURES; NEW-GUINEA; KURU AB The human prion diseases, or transmissible spongiform encephalopathies, have captivated our imaginations since their discovery in the Fore linguistic group in Papua New Guinea in the 1950s. The mysterious and poorly understood " infectious protein" has become somewhat of a household name in many regions across the globe. From bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE), commonly identified as mad cow disease, to endocannibalism, media outlets have capitalized on these devastatingly fatal neurological conditions. Interestingly, since their discovery, there have been more than 492 incidents of iatrogenic transmission of prion diseases, largely resulting from prion-contaminated growth hormone and dura mater grafts. Although fewer than 9 cases of probable iatrogenic neurosurgical cases of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) have been reported worldwide, the likelihood of some missed cases and the potential for prion transmission by neurosurgery create considerable concern. Laboratory studies indicate that standard decontamination and sterilization procedures may be insufficient to completely remove infectivity from prion-contaminated instruments. In this unfortunate event, the instruments may transmit the prion disease to others. Much caution therefore should be taken in the absence of strong evidence against the presence of a prion disease in a neurosurgical patient. While the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and World Health Organization (WHO) have devised risk assessment and decontamination protocols for the prevention of iatrogenic transmission of the prion diseases, incidents of possible exposure to prions have unfortunately occurred in the United States. In this article, the authors outline the historical discoveries that led from kuru to the identification and isolation of the pathological prion proteins in addition to providing a brief description of human prion diseases and iatrogenic forms of CJD, a brief history of prion disease nosocomial transmission, and a summary of the CDC and WHO guidelines for prevention of prion disease transmission and decontamination of prioncontaminated neurosurgical instruments. C1 [Bonda, David J.; Manjila, Sunil; Miller, Benjamin R.; Onwuzulike, Kaine] Univ Hosp Case Med Ctr, Dept Neurol Surg, Cleveland, OH USA. [Cohen, Mark L.] Natl Prion Dis Pathol Surveillance Ctr, Cleveland, OH USA. [Cohen, Mark L.; Cali, Ignazio] Case Western Reserve Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pathol, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. [Mehndiratta, Prachi] Univ Virginia Hlth Syst, Dept Neurol, Charlottesville, VA USA. [Khan, Fahd] Stanford Univ, Dept Neurosurg, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Puoti, Gianfranco] Univ Naples 2, Dept Clin & Expt Med, Naples, Italy. [Schonberger, Lawrence B.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div High Consequence Pathogens & Pathol, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Cali, I (reprint author), Case Western Reserve Univ, Dept Pathol, 2085 Adelbert Rd, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. EM ixc20@case.edu FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 95 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 18 U2 18 PU AMER ASSOC NEUROLOGICAL SURGEONS PI ROLLING MEADOWS PA 5550 MEADOWBROOK DRIVE, ROLLING MEADOWS, IL 60008 USA SN 1092-0684 J9 NEUROSURG FOCUS JI Neurosurg. Focus PD JUL PY 2016 VL 41 IS 1 AR E10 DI 10.3171/2016.5.FOCUS15126 PG 9 WC Clinical Neurology; Surgery SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Surgery GA DS4MM UT WOS:000380755200010 PM 27364252 ER PT J AU Hatfield-Timajchy, K Brown, JL Haddad, LB Chakraborty, R Kourtis, AP AF Hatfield-Timajchy, Kendra Brown, Jennifer L. Haddad, Lisa B. Chakraborty, Rana Kourtis, Athena P. TI Parenting Among Adolescents and Young Adults with Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection in the United States: Challenges, Unmet Needs, and Opportunities SO AIDS PATIENT CARE AND STDS LA English DT Article ID AFRICAN-AMERICAN WOMEN; HEALTH-RISK BEHAVIORS; REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH; HIV-INFECTION; ROMANTIC RELATIONSHIPS; SEXUAL HEALTH; SUBSTANCE USE; CARE SEEKING; YOUTH; TRANSITION AB Given the realistic expectations of HIV-infected adolescents and young adults (AYA) to have children and start families, steps must be taken to ensure that youth are prepared to deal with the challenges associated with their HIV and parenting. Literature reviews were conducted to identify published research and practice guidelines addressing parenting or becoming parents among HIV-infected AYA in the United States. Research articles or practice guidelines on this topic were not identified. Given the paucity of information available on this topic, this article provides a framework for the development of appropriate interventions and guidelines for use in clinical and community-based settings. First, the social, economic, and sexual and reproductive health challenges facing HIV-infected AYA in the United States are summarized. Next, family planning considerations, including age-appropriate disclosure of HIV status to those who are perinatally infected, and contraceptive and preconception counseling are described. The impact of early childbearing on young parents is discussed and considerations are outlined during the preconception, antenatal, and postnatal periods with regard to anti-retroviral medications and clinical care guidelines. The importance of transitioning AYA from pediatric or adolescent to adult-centered medical care is highlighted. Finally, a comprehensive approach is suggested that addresses not only medical needs but also emphasizes ways to mitigate the impact of social and economic factors on the health and well-being of these young parents and their children. C1 [Hatfield-Timajchy, Kendra; Kourtis, Athena P.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, 4770 Buford Highway NE,Mailstop F-74, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Brown, Jennifer L.] Univ Cincinnati, Coll Med, Dept Psychiat & Behav Neurosci, Cincinnati, OH USA. [Haddad, Lisa B.] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Gynecol & Obstet, Atlanta, GA USA. [Chakraborty, Rana] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Div Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Hatfield-Timajchy, K (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, 4770 Buford Highway NE,Mailstop F-74, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM kht0@cdc.gov FU NICHD NIH HHS [K23 HD078153] NR 76 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 3 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT, INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1087-2914 EI 1557-7449 J9 AIDS PATIENT CARE ST JI Aids Patient Care STDS PD JUL PY 2016 VL 30 IS 7 BP 315 EP 323 DI 10.1089/apc.2016.0067 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA DS1QT UT WOS:000380372100003 PM 27410495 ER PT J AU Chibucos, MC Soliman, S Gebremariam, T Lee, H Daugherty, S Orvis, J Shetty, AC Crabtree, J Hazen, TH Etienne, KA Kumari, P O'Connor, TD Rasko, DA Filler, SG Fraser, CM Lockhart, SR Skory, CD Ibrahim, AS Bruno, VM AF Chibucos, Marcus C. Soliman, Sameh Gebremariam, Teclegiorgis Lee, Hongkyu Daugherty, Sean Orvis, Joshua Shetty, Amol C. Crabtree, Jonathan Hazen, Tracy H. Etienne, Kizee A. Kumari, Priti O'Connor, Timothy D. Rasko, David A. Filler, Scott G. Fraser, Claire M. Lockhart, Shawn R. Skory, Christopher D. Ibrahim, Ashraf S. Bruno, Vincent M. TI An integrated genomic and transcriptomic survey of mucormycosis-causing fungi SO Nature Communications LA English DT Article ID MAXIMUM-LIKELIHOOD PHYLOGENIES; CANDIDA-ALBICANS INFECTION; RHIZOPUS-ORYZAE; PROINFLAMMATORY RESPONSE; TRANSPLANT RECIPIENTS; SEQUENCE ALIGNMENTS; ENDOTHELIAL-CELLS; ZYGOMYCOSIS; PHOSPHORYLATION; EPIDEMIOLOGY AB Mucormycosis is a life-threatening infection caused by Mucorales fungi. Here we sequence 30 fungal genomes, and perform transcriptomics with three representative Rhizopus and Mucor strains and with human airway epithelial cells during fungal invasion, to reveal key host and fungal determinants contributing to pathogenesis. Analysis of the host transcriptional response to Mucorales reveals platelet-derived growth factor receptor B (PDGFRB) signaling as part of a core response to divergent pathogenic fungi; inhibition of PDGFRB reduces Mucorales-induced damage to host cells. The unique presence of CotH invasins in all invasive Mucorales, and the correlation between CotH gene copy number and clinical prevalence, are consistent with an important role for these proteins in mucormycosis pathogenesis. Our work provides insight into the evolution of this medically and economically important group of fungi, and identifies several molecular pathways that might be exploited as potential therapeutic targets. C1 [Chibucos, Marcus C.; Hazen, Tracy H.; Rasko, David A.; Bruno, Vincent M.] Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. [Chibucos, Marcus C.; Daugherty, Sean; Orvis, Joshua; Shetty, Amol C.; Crabtree, Jonathan; Hazen, Tracy H.; Kumari, Priti; O'Connor, Timothy D.; Rasko, David A.; Fraser, Claire M.; Bruno, Vincent M.] Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Inst Genome Sci, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. [Soliman, Sameh; Gebremariam, Teclegiorgis; Lee, Hongkyu; Filler, Scott G.; Ibrahim, Ashraf S.] Harbor UCLA Med Ctr, Div Infect Dis, Los Angeles Biomed Res Inst, Torrance, CA 90502 USA. [Etienne, Kizee A.; Lockhart, Shawn R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Fungal Reference Lab, Mycot Dis Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [O'Connor, Timothy D.] Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Dept Med, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. [Filler, Scott G.; Ibrahim, Ashraf S.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, David Geffen Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA 90502 USA. [Skory, Christopher D.] ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Soliman, Sameh] Univ Sharjah, Dept Med Chem, Coll Pharm, POB 27272, Sharjah, U Arab Emirates. RP Bruno, VM (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA.; Bruno, VM (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Inst Genome Sci, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA.; Ibrahim, AS (reprint author), Harbor UCLA Med Ctr, Div Infect Dis, Los Angeles Biomed Res Inst, Torrance, CA 90502 USA.; Ibrahim, AS (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, David Geffen Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA 90502 USA. EM ibrahim@labiomed.org; vbruno@som.umaryland.edu OI Chibucos, Marcus/0000-0001-9586-0780 FU National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Department of Health and Human Services [HHSN272200900009C]; [U19AI110820]; [R01AI054928]; [R01DE017088]; [R01 AI063503]; [R41 AI115907] FX This project was funded in part with federal funds from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Department of Health and Human Services under contract number HHSN272200900009C. V.M.B., D.A.R., C.M.F., S.G.F. and A.S.I. were supported by U19AI110820. S.G.F. was supported by grants R01AI054928 and R01DE017088. A.S.I. was supported by grants R01 AI063503 and R41 AI115907. The endothelial cells used in these studies were isolated from human umbilical cords, which were collected by the paediatric, perinatal and mobile unit of the UCLA Clinical and Translational Science Institute at LA BioMed/Harbor-UCLA Medical Center (UL1TR000124). NR 75 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 10 U2 13 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 2041-1723 J9 NAT COMMUN JI Nat. Commun. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 7 AR 12218 DI 10.1038/ncomms12218 PG 11 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA DS5RF UT WOS:000380839300001 PM 27447865 ER PT J AU Alam, G Miller, DB O'Callaghan, JP Lu, L Williams, RW Jones, BC AF Alam, Gelareh Miller, Diane B. O'Callaghan, James P. Lu, Lu Williams, Robert W. Jones, Byron C. TI MPTP neurotoxicity is highly concordant between the sexes among BXD recombinant inbred mouse strains SO NEUROTOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Recombinant inbred mice; Sex differences; QTL ID ENVIRONMENTAL RISK-FACTORS; FIBRILLARY ACIDIC PROTEIN; PARKINSONS-DISEASE; MICE; 1-METHYL-4-PHENYL-1,2,3,6-TETRAHYDROPYRIDINE; SUSCEPTIBILITY; ASSOCIATION; PARAQUAT; ESTROGEN; ORIGINS AB Continuing our previous work in which we showed wide-ranging strain differences in MPTP neurotoxicity in male mice among ten BXD recombinant inbred strains, we replicated our work in females from nine of the same strains. Mice received a single s.c. injection of 12.5 mg/kg MPTP or saline. Forty-eight hours later the striatum was dissected for neurochemical analysis. Striatal dopamine (DA) and its metabolites, DOPAC and HVA, striatal serotonin (5-HT) and its metabolite, 5-HIAA, were analyzed using HPLC. Tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), an astrocytic protein that increases during the astroglial response to neural injury, were measured using ELISA. There were wide genetic variations in the DA, DOPAC, HVA, TH and GFAP responses to MPTP. We also performed principal component analysis (PCA) on the difference values, saline minus MPTP, for DA, DOPAC, HVA and TH and mapped the dominant principal component to a suggestive QTL on chromosome 1 at the same location that we observed previously for males. Moreover, there were significant correlations between the sexes for the effect of MPTP on DA, HVA, and TH. Our findings suggest that the systems genetic approach as utilized here can help researchers understand the role of sex in individual differences. The same approach can pave the way to understand and pinpoint the genetic bases for individual differences in pathology attributable to toxicants. Such systems genetics approach has broad implications for elucidating gene environment contributions to neurodegenerative diseases. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Alam, Gelareh; Jones, Byron C.] Northeast Ohio Med Sch, Dept Pharmaceut Sci, Rootstown, OH USA. [Miller, Diane B.; O'Callaghan, James P.] NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Morgantown, WV USA. [Lu, Lu; Williams, Robert W.; Jones, Byron C.] Univ Tennessee, Hlth Sci Ctr, Memphis, TN USA. [Lu, Lu] Nantong Univ, Jiangsu Key Lab Neuroregenerat, Nantong 226001, Peoples R China. RP Jones, BC (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Genet Genom & Informat, 71 S Manassas St, Memphis, TN 38163 USA. EM bjone129@UTHSC.edu OI Jones, Byron/0000-0002-3717-8641; Jones, Byron/0000-0002-4985-6729; Williams, Robert/0000-0001-8924-4447 FU UTHSC; CDC-NIOSH; NIAAA Integrative Neuroscience Initiative on Alcoholism [U01AA016662, U01 AA013499]; UTHSC Center for Integrative and Translational Genomics; USPHS Grant [R01 ES022614]; National Institutes of Health FX The intramural funds are from UTHSC, and CDC-NIOSH, NIAAA Integrative Neuroscience Initiative on Alcoholism (U01AA016662, U01 AA013499) and the UTHSC Center for Integrative and Translational Genomics. This study is supported in part by USPHS Grant R01 ES022614. Dr. Jones reports grants from National Institutes of Health, during the conduct of the study. NR 25 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0161-813X EI 1872-9711 J9 NEUROTOXICOLOGY JI Neurotoxicology PD JUL PY 2016 VL 55 BP 40 EP 47 DI 10.1016/j.neuro.2016.04.008 PG 8 WC Neurosciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA DS1UI UT WOS:000380385800006 PM 27182044 ER PT J AU Kuehnert, MJ Epstein, JS AF Kuehnert, Matthew J. Epstein, Jay S. TI Assuring blood safety and availability: Zika virus, the latest emerging infectious disease battlefront SO TRANSFUSION LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Kuehnert, Matthew J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Blood Organ & Other Tissue Safety, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Natl Ctr Zoonot & Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Epstein, Jay S.] US FDA, Off Blood Res & Review, Ctr Biol Evaluat & Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. RP Kuehnert, MJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Blood Organ & Other Tissue Safety, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Natl Ctr Zoonot & Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM mkuehnert@cdc.gov NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 49 U2 50 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0041-1132 EI 1537-2995 J9 TRANSFUSION JI Transfusion PD JUL PY 2016 VL 56 IS 7 BP 1669 EP 1672 DI 10.1111/trf.13673 PG 4 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA DS1NG UT WOS:000380362100001 PM 27389990 ER PT J AU Pierce, EN Piyankarage, SC Dunlap, T Litosh, V Sildos, MI Wang, YT Thatcher, GRJ AF Pierce, Emily N. Piyankarage, Sujeewa C. Dunlap, Tareisha Litosh, Vladislav Sildos, Marton I. Wang, Yue-Ting Thatcher, Gregory R. J. TI Prodrugs Bioactivated to Quinones Target NF-kappa B and Multiple Protein Networks: Identification of the Quinonome SO CHEMICAL RESEARCH IN TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID NONSTEROIDAL ANTIINFLAMMATORY DRUGS; OXIDE-RELEASING ASPIRIN; NEGATIVE BREAST-CANCER; CDDO-METHYL ESTER; NITRIC-OXIDE; DIMETHYL FUMARATE; IN-VITRO; COVALENT MODIFICATION; STATISTICAL-MODEL; MOLECULAR TARGETS AB Electrophilic reactive intermediates resulting from drug metabolism have been associated with toxicity and off-target effects and in some drug discovery programs trigger NO-GO decisions. Many botanicals and dietary supplements are replete with such reactive electrophiles, notably Michael acceptors, which have been demonstrated to elicit chemo-preventive mechanisms; and Michael acceptors are gaining regulatory approval as contemporary cancer therapeutics. Identifying protein targets of these electrophiles is central to understanding potential therapeutic benefit and toxicity risk. NO-donating NSAID prodrugs (NO-NSAIDs) have been the focus of extensive clinical and preclinical studies in inflammation and cancer chemoprevention and therapy: a subset exemplified by pNO-ASA, induces chemopreventive mechanisms following bioactivation to an electrophilic quinone methide (QM) Michael acceptor. Having previously shown that these NO-independent, QM-donors activated Nrf2 via covalent modification of Keap-1, we demonstrate that components of canonical NF-kappa B signaling are also targets, leading to the inhibition of NF-kappa B signaling. Combining bio-orthogonal probes of QM-donor ASA prodrugs with mass spectrometric proteomics and pathway analysis, we proceeded to characterize the quinonorne: the protein cellular targets of QM-modification by pNO-ASA and its ASA pro-drug congeners. Further comparison was made using a biorthogonal probe of the "bare-bones", Michael acceptor, and clinical anti-inflammatory agent, dimethyl fumarate, which we have shown to inhibit NF-kappa B signaling. Identified quinonome pathways include post-translational protein folding, cell-death-regulation, protein transport, and glycolysis; and identified proteins included multiple heat shock elements, the latter functionally confirmed by demonstrating activation of heat shock response. C1 [Pierce, Emily N.; Piyankarage, Sujeewa C.; Dunlap, Tareisha; Litosh, Vladislav; Sildos, Marton I.; Wang, Yue-Ting; Thatcher, Gregory R. J.] Univ Illinois, Coll Pharm, Dept Med Chem & Pharmacognosy, 833 S Wood St, Chicago, IL 60612 USA. [Piyankarage, Sujeewa C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Litosh, Vladislav] Univ Cincinnati, Dept Med Chem, 7148 Edwards One, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. [Sildos, Marton I.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Cellular & Mol Pharmacol, 600 16th St, San Francisco, CA 94158 USA. RP Thatcher, GRJ (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Coll Pharm, Dept Med Chem & Pharmacognosy, 833 S Wood St, Chicago, IL 60612 USA. EM thatcher@uic.edu FU National Institutes of Health [CA 102590] FX This work was supported by National Institutes of Health Grant CA 102590. NR 56 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 5 U2 11 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0893-228X EI 1520-5010 J9 CHEM RES TOXICOL JI Chem. Res. Toxicol. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 29 IS 7 BP 1151 EP 1159 DI 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.6b00115 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Medicinal; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Chemistry; Toxicology GA DR8XQ UT WOS:000380182100008 PM 27258437 ER PT J AU McCree, DH Beer, L Prather, C Gant, Z Harris, N Sutton, M Sionean, C Dunbar, E Smith, J Wortley, P AF McCree, Donna Hubbard Beer, Linda Prather, Cynthia Gant, Zanetta Harris, Norma Sutton, Madeline Sionean, Catlainn Dunbar, Erica Smith, Jennifer Wortley, Pascale TI An Approach to Achieving the Health Equity Goals of the National HIV/AIDS Strategy for the United States Among Racial/Ethnic Minority Communities SO PUBLIC HEALTH REPORTS LA English DT Editorial Material ID HIV RISK BEHAVIORS; SEXUAL-BEHAVIOR; YOUNG MEN; RACIAL DISPARITIES; AFRICAN-AMERICANS; HETEROSEXUAL MEN; CARE CONTINUUM; WHITE MEN; BLACK-MEN; INFECTION C1 [McCree, Donna Hubbard; Beer, Linda; Prather, Cynthia; Gant, Zanetta; Harris, Norma; Sutton, Madeline; Sionean, Catlainn; Dunbar, Erica; Smith, Jennifer; Wortley, Pascale] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS D-21, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP McCree, DH (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS D-21, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM zyrl@cdc.gov NR 50 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU ASSOC SCHOOLS PUBLIC HEALTH PI WASHINGTON PA 1900 M ST NW, STE 710, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0033-3549 EI 1468-2877 J9 PUBLIC HEALTH REP JI Public Health Rep. PD JUL-AUG PY 2016 VL 131 IS 4 BP 526 EP 530 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DR8XX UT WOS:000380182800005 PM 27453595 ER PT J AU Marynak, KL Xu, X Wang, X Holmes, CB Tynan, MA Pechacek, T AF Marynak, Kristy L. Xu, Xin Wang, Xu Holmes, Carissa Baker Tynan, Michael A. Pechacek, Terry TI Estimating the Impact of Raising Prices and Eliminating Discounts on Cigarette Smoking Prevalence in the United States SO PUBLIC HEALTH REPORTS LA English DT Article ID TOBACCO; STRATEGIES AB The average retail price per pack of cigarettes is less than $6, which is substantially lower than the $10 per-pack target established in 2014 by the Surgeon General to reduce the smoking rate. We estimated the impact of three cigarette pricing scenarios on smoking prevalence among teens aged 12-17 years, young adults aged 18-25 years, and adults aged >= 26 years, by state: (1) $0.94 federal tax increase on cigarettes, as proposed in the fiscal year 2017 President's budget; (2) $10 per-pack retail price, allowing discounts; and (3) $10 per-pack retail price, eliminating discounts. We conducted Monte Carlo simulations to generate point estimates of reductions in cigarette smoking prevalence by state. We found that each price scenario would substantially reduce cigarette smoking prevalence. A $10 per-pack retail price eliminating discounts could result in 637,270 fewer smokers aged 12-17 years; 4,186,954 fewer smokers aged 18-25 years; and 7,722,460 fewer smokers aged >= 26 years. Raising cigarette prices and eliminating discounts could substantially reduce cigarette smoking prevalence as well as smoking-related death and disease. C1 [Marynak, Kristy L.; Xu, Xin; Wang, Xu; Holmes, Carissa Baker; Tynan, Michael A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Off Smoking & Hlth, 4770 Buford Hwy NE,MS F-79, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Tynan, Michael A.] Oregon Hlth Author, Publ Hlth Div, Off State Publ Hlth, Portland, OR USA. [Pechacek, Terry] Georgia State Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Div Hlth Management & Policy, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA. RP Marynak, KL (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Off Smoking & Hlth, 4770 Buford Hwy NE,MS F-79, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM kmarynak@cdc.gov FU Pfizer, Inc. FX Terry Pechacek receives unrestricted research funding support from Pfizer, Inc. ("Diffusion of Tobacco Control Fundamentals to Other Large Chinese Cities," Michael Eriksen, Principal Investigator). The authors thank Nishika Vidanage, MPH, MA, Carter Consulting Inc., for her contributions to this article. NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU ASSOC SCHOOLS PUBLIC HEALTH PI WASHINGTON PA 1900 M ST NW, STE 710, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0033-3549 EI 1468-2877 J9 PUBLIC HEALTH REP JI Public Health Rep. PD JUL-AUG PY 2016 VL 131 IS 4 BP 536 EP 543 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DR8XX UT WOS:000380182800007 PM 27453597 ER PT J AU Regan, JJ Jungerman, MR Lippold, SA Washburn, F Roland, E Objio, T Schembri, C Gulati, R Edelson, PJ Alvarado-Ramy, F Pesik, N Cohen, NJ AF Regan, Joanna J. Jungerman, M. Robynne Lippold, Susan A. Washburn, Faith Roland, Efrosini Objio, Tina Schembri, Christopher Gulati, Reena Edelson, Paul J. Alvarado-Ramy, Francisco Pesik, Nicki Cohen, Nicole J. TI Tracing Airline Travelers for a Public Health Investigation: Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MFRS-CoV) Infection in the United States, 2014 SO PUBLIC HEALTH REPORTS LA English DT Article ID AIR-TRAVEL; TRANSMISSION; MERS; AIRCRAFT; RISK; DISEASE AB Objective. CDC routinely conducts contact investigations involving travelers on commercial conveyances, such as aircrafts, cargo vessels, and cruise ships. Methods. The agency used established systems of communication and partnerships with other federal agencies to quickly provide accurate traveler contact information to states and jurisdictions to alert contacts of potential exposure to two travelers with Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) who had entered the United States on commercial flights in April and May 2014. Results. Applying the same process used to trace and notify travelers during routine investigations, such as those for tuberculosis or measles, CDC was able to notify most travelers of their potential exposure to MERS-CoV during the first few days of each investigation. Conclusion. To prevent the introduction and spread of newly emerging infectious diseases, travelers need to be located and contacted quickly. C1 [Regan, Joanna J.; Jungerman, M. Robynne; Lippold, Susan A.; Washburn, Faith; Roland, Efrosini; Objio, Tina; Gulati, Reena; Edelson, Paul J.; Alvarado-Ramy, Francisco; Pesik, Nicki; Cohen, Nicole J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Div Global Migrat & Quarantine, Quarantine & Border Hlth Serv Branch, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS-C-01, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Schembri, Christopher] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Immunizat Safety Off, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Regan, JJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Div Global Migrat & Quarantine, Quarantine & Border Hlth Serv Branch, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS-C-01, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM jregan@cdc.gov NR 29 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASSOC SCHOOLS PUBLIC HEALTH PI WASHINGTON PA 1900 M ST NW, STE 710, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0033-3549 EI 1468-2877 J9 PUBLIC HEALTH REP JI Public Health Rep. PD JUL-AUG PY 2016 VL 131 IS 4 BP 552 EP 559 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DR8XX UT WOS:000380182800009 PM 27453599 ER PT J AU Metroka, AE Papadouka, V Ternier, A Zucker, JR AF Metroka, Amy E. Papadouka, Vikki Ternier, Alexandra Zucker, Jane R. TI Effects of Health Level 7 Messaging on Data Quality in New York City's Immunization Information System, 2014 SO PUBLIC HEALTH REPORTS LA English DT Article ID INCREASE VACCINATION RATES AB Objective. We compared the quality of data reported to New York City's immunization information system, the Citywide Immunization Registry (CIR), through its real-time Health Level 7 (HL7) Web service from electronic health records (EHRs), with data submitted through other methods. Methods. We stratified immunizations administered and reported to the CIR in 2014 for patients aged 0-18 years by reporting method: (1) sending HL7 messages from EHRs through the Web service, (2) manual data entry, and (3) upload of a non-standard flat file from EHRs. We assessed completeness of reporting by measuring the percentage of immunizations reported with lot number, manufacturer, and Vaccines for Children (VFC) program eligibility. We assessed timeliness of reporting by determining the number of days from date of administration to date entered into the CIR. Results. HL7 reporting accounted for the largest percentage (46.3%) of the 3.8 million immunizations reported in 2014. Of immunizations reported using HL7, 97.9% included the lot number and 92.6% included the manufacturer, compared with 50.4% and 48.0% for manual entry, and 65.9% and 48.8% for non-standard flat file, respectively. VFC eligibility was 96.9% complete when reported by manual data entry, 95.3% complete for HL7 reporting, and 87.2% complete for non-standard flat file reporting. Of the three reporting methods, HL7 was the most timely: 77.6% of immunizations were reported by HL7 in <1 day, compared with 53.6% of immunizations reported through manual data entry and 18.1% of immunizations reported through non-standard flat file. Conclusion. HL7 reporting from EHRs resulted in more complete and timely data in the CIR compared with other reporting methods. Providing resources to facilitate HL7 reporting from EHRs to immunization information systems to increase data quality should be a priority for public health. C1 [Metroka, Amy E.; Papadouka, Vikki; Ternier, Alexandra; Zucker, Jane R.] New York City Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, Bur Immunizat, Citywide Immunizat Registry, Long Isl City, NY USA. [Zucker, Jane R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Metroka, AE (reprint author), New York City Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, 42-09 28th St,5th Fl,CN 21, Long Isl City, NY 11101 USA. EM ametroka@health.nyc.gov NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSOC SCHOOLS PUBLIC HEALTH PI WASHINGTON PA 1900 M ST NW, STE 710, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0033-3549 EI 1468-2877 J9 PUBLIC HEALTH REP JI Public Health Rep. PD JUL-AUG PY 2016 VL 131 IS 4 BP 583 EP 587 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DR8XX UT WOS:000380182800013 PM 27453603 ER PT J AU Weiner, LM Fridkin, SK Aponte-Torres, Z Avery, L Coffin, N Dudeck, MA Edwards, JR Jernigan, JA Konnor, R Soe, MM Peterson, K McDonald, LC AF Weiner, Lindsey M. Fridkin, Scott K. Aponte-Torres, Zuleika Avery, Lacey Coffin, Nicole Dudeck, Margaret A. Edwards, Jonathan R. Jernigan, John A. Konnor, Rebecca Soe, Minn M. Peterson, Kelly McDonald, L. Clifford TI Vital Signs: Preventing Antibiotic-Resistant Infections in Hospitals United States, 2014 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TRANSPLANTATION LA English DT Editorial Material ID CLOSTRIDIUM-DIFFICILE INFECTION; ACUTE-CARE HOSPITALS; RISK-FACTORS; PREVALENCE; ENTEROBACTERIACEAE; EPIDEMIOLOGY; PNEUMONIAE AB BackgroundHealthcare-associated antibiotic-resistant (AR) infections increase patient morbidity and mortality and might be impossible to successfully treat with any antibiotic. CDC assessed healthcare-associated infections (HAI), includingClostridium difficileinfections (CDI), and the role of six AR bacteria of highest concern nationwide in several types of healthcare facilities. MethodsDuring 2014, approximately 4000 short-term acute care hospitals, 501 long-term acute care hospitals, and 1135 inpatient rehabilitation facilities in all 50 states reported data on specific infections to the National Healthcare Safety Network. National standardized infection ratios and their percentage reduction from a baseline year for each HAI type, by facility type, were calculated. The proportions of AR pathogens and HAIs caused by any of six resistant bacteria highlighted by CDC in 2013 as urgent or serious threats were determined. ResultsIn 2014, the reductions in incidence in short-term acute care hospitals and long-term acute care hospitals were 50% and 9%, respectively, for central line-associated bloodstream infection; 0% (short-term acute care hospitals), 11% (long-term acute care hospitals), and 14% (inpatient rehabilitation facilities) for catheter-associated urinary tract infection; 17% (short-term acute care hospitals) for surgical site infection, and 8% (short-term acute care hospitals) for CDI. Combining HAIs other than CDI across all settings, 47.9% ofStaphylococcus aureusisolates were methicillin resistant, 29.5% of enterococci were vancomycin resistant, 17.8% of Enterobacteriaceae were extended-spectrum beta-lactamase phenotype, 3.6% of Enterobacteriaceae were carbapenem resistant, 15.9% ofPseudomonas aeruginosaisolates were multidrug resistant, and 52.6% of Acinetobacter species were multidrug resistant. The likelihood of HAIs caused by any of the six resistant bacteria ranged from 12% in inpatient rehabilitation facilities to 29% in long-term acute care hospitals. ConclusionsAlthough there has been considerable progress in preventing some HAIs, many remaining infections could be prevented with implementation of existing recommended practices. Depending upon the setting, more than one in four of HAIs excluding CDI are caused by AR bacteria. Implications for Public Health PracticePhysicians, nurses, and healthcare leaders need to consistently and comprehensively follow all recommendations to prevent catheter- and procedure-related infections and reduce the impact of AR bacteria through antimicrobial stewardship and measures to prevent spread. This report details the rates of antibiotic resistance in hospital-acquired bacterial infections, important information for transplant patients given their increased risk for these infections. C1 [Weiner, Lindsey M.; Fridkin, Scott K.; Aponte-Torres, Zuleika; Avery, Lacey; Coffin, Nicole; Dudeck, Margaret A.; Edwards, Jonathan R.; Jernigan, John A.; Konnor, Rebecca; Soe, Minn M.; Peterson, Kelly; McDonald, L. Clifford] CDC, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP McDonald, LC (reprint author), CDC, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM ljm3@cdc.gov NR 28 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 6 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1600-6135 EI 1600-6143 J9 AM J TRANSPLANT JI Am. J. Transplant. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 16 IS 7 BP 2224 EP 2230 DI 10.1111/ajt.13893 PG 7 WC Surgery; Transplantation SC Surgery; Transplantation GA DR2II UT WOS:000379727800032 PM 27348802 ER PT J AU Petsonk, EL Stansbury, RC Beeckman-Wagner, LA Long, JL Wang, ML AF Petsonk, Edward L. Stansbury, Robert C. Beeckman-Wagner, Lu-Ann Long, Joshua L. Wang, Mei Lin TI Small Airway Dysfunction and Abnormal Exercise Responses A Study in Coal Miners SO ANNALS OF THE AMERICAN THORACIC SOCIETY LA English DT Article AB Rationale: Coal mine dust exposure can cause symptoms and loss of lung function from multiple mechanisms, but the roles of each disease process are not fully understood. Objectives: We investigated the implications of small airway dysfunction for exercise physiology among a group of workers exposed to coal mine dust. Methods: Twenty coal miners performed spirometry, first breathing air and then helium-oxygen, single-breath diffusing capacity, and computerized chest tomography, and then completed cardiopulmonary exercise testing. Measurements and Main Results: Six participants meeting criteria for small airway dysfunction were compared with 14 coal miners who did not. At submaximal workload, miners with small airway dysfunction used a higher proportion of their maximum voluntary ventilation and had higher ventilatory equivalents for both O-2 and CO2. Regression modeling indicated that inefficient ventilation was significantly related to small airway dysfunction but not to FEV1 or diffusing capacity. At the end of exercise, miners with small airway dysfunction had 27% lower O-2 consumption. Conclusions: Small airway abnormalities may be associated with important inefficiency of exercise ventilation. In dust-exposed individuals with only mild abnormalities on resting lung function tests or chest radiographs, cardiopulmonary exercise testing may be important in defining causes of exercise intolerance. C1 [Petsonk, Edward L.; Stansbury, Robert C.; Long, Joshua L.] West Virginia Univ, Sch Med, Sect Pulm & Crit Care Med, Dept Med, Morgantown, WV USA. [Beeckman-Wagner, Lu-Ann; Wang, Mei Lin] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Resp Dis Studies, NIOSH, Morgantown, WV USA. RP Petsonk, EL (reprint author), West Virginia Univ, Sch Med, Med, Sect Pulm & Crit Care Med,Dept Med, Box 9166, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. EM epetsonk@hsc.wvu.edu OI Petsonk, Edward/0000-0003-4877-0736 FU National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health FX Supported by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU AMER THORACIC SOC PI NEW YORK PA 25 BROADWAY, 18 FL, NEW YORK, NY 10004 USA SN 1546-3222 EI 2325-6621 J9 ANN AM THORAC SOC JI Ann. Am. Thoracic Society PD JUL PY 2016 VL 13 IS 7 BP 1076 EP 1080 DI 10.1513/AnnalsATS.201511-786BC PG 5 WC Respiratory System SC Respiratory System GA DR7YP UT WOS:000380115900017 PM 27073987 ER PT J AU Jereb, JA AF Jereb, John A. TI Interpreting False Positive Tuberculosis Tests in Occupational Screening: The Fault of the Test, the Testing Schedule, or Both? SO ANNALS OF THE AMERICAN THORACIC SOCIETY LA English DT Letter C1 [Jereb, John A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Jereb, JA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER THORACIC SOC PI NEW YORK PA 25 BROADWAY, 18 FL, NEW YORK, NY 10004 USA SN 1546-3222 EI 2325-6621 J9 ANN AM THORAC SOC JI Ann. Am. Thoracic Society PD JUL PY 2016 VL 13 IS 7 BP 1189 EP 1190 PG 3 WC Respiratory System SC Respiratory System GA DR7YP UT WOS:000380115900036 PM 27388411 ER PT J AU Deierlein, AL Wolff, MS Pajak, A Pinney, SM Windham, GC Galvez, MP Silva, MJ Calafat, AM Kushi, LH Biro, FM Teitelbaum, SL AF Deierlein, Andrea L. Wolff, Mary S. Pajak, Ashley Pinney, Susan M. Windham, Gayle C. Galvez, Maida P. Silva, Manori J. Calafat, Antonia M. Kushi, Lawrence H. Biro, Frank M. Teitelbaum, Susan L. CA Breast Canc Environm Res Program TI Longitudinal Associations of Phthalate Exposures During Childhood and Body Size Measurements in Young Girls SO EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID URINARY CONCENTRATIONS; CHILDREN; OBESITY; METABOLITES; CHEMICALS; OBESOGENS; MODELS; HEALTH; GROWTH; RISKS AB Background: Phthalates are environmental chemicals that may play a role in the development of obesity. Few studies have investigated longitudinal associations between postnatal phthalate exposures and subsequent anthropometric measurements in children. Methods: We collected data as part of The Breast Cancer and Environment Research Program at three US sites. A total of 1,239 girls, aged 6-8 years, were enrolled in 2004-2007. We categorized baseline phthalate exposures, assessed from creatinine-corrected urinary concentrations of low-molecular weight phthalate metabolites, as low, <78; medium, 78 to <194; and high, >= 194 mu g/g creatinine and of high-molecular weight phthalates as low, <111; medium, 111 278; and high, >= 278 mu g/g creatinine. Anthropometric measurements were collected through 2012 (n = 1,017). Linear mixed effects regression estimated how baseline low and high-molecular weight phthalate concentrations related to changes in girls' body mass index (BMI), height, and waist circumference at ages 7-13 years. Results: Low-molecular weight phthalates were positively associated with gains in BMI and waist circumference. Predicted differences in BMI and waist circumference between girls with high versus low concentrations of low-molecular weight phthalates increased from 0.56 (95% confidence interval [ CI]: -0.02, 1.1) to 1.2 kg/m(2) (95% CI: 0.28, 2.1) and from 1.5 (95% CI: -0.38, 3.3) to 3.9 cm (95% CI: 1.3, 6.5), respectively. High-molecular weight phthalates were negatively associated with height but only among girls who were normal weight at baseline (BMI <= 85th percentile). Conclusion: Phthalates, specifically low-molecular weight phthalates, have small but detectable associations with girls' anthropometric outcomes. Low-molecular weight phthalates showed stronger associations than other types of phthalates. C1 [Deierlein, Andrea L.; Wolff, Mary S.; Pajak, Ashley; Galvez, Maida P.; Teitelbaum, Susan L.] Icahn Sch Med Mt Sinai, Dept Prevent Med, New York, NY 10029 USA. [Pinney, Susan M.] Univ Cincinnati, Coll Med, Dept Environm Hlth, Cincinnati, OH 45267 USA. [Windham, Gayle C.] Calif Dept Publ Hlth, Div Environm & Occupat Dis Control, Richmond, CA USA. [Silva, Manori J.; Calafat, Antonia M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Kushi, Lawrence H.] Kaiser Permanente, Div Res, Oakland, CA USA. [Biro, Frank M.] Cincinnati Childrens Hosp Med Ctr, Div Adolescent Med, Cincinnati, OH 45229 USA. RP Deierlein, AL (reprint author), 17 East 102nd St D3-125, New York, NY 10029 USA. EM andrea.deierlein@mssm.edu FU National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences [U01ES012770, U01ES012771, U01ES012800, U01ES012801, U01ES019435, U01ES019453, U01ES019454, U01ES019457, R827039, P01ES009584, P30ES006096, P30ES023515]; National Cancer Institute, EPA, NIH, DHHS [CSTA-UL1RR029887]; NYS Empire Clinical Research Investigator Program; Pediatric Environmental Health Fellowship [HD049311]; Avon Foundation FX Supported by the Breast Cancer and the Environment Research Program (BCERP) Award Numbers U01ES012770, U01ES012771, U01ES012800, U01ES012801, U01ES019435, U01ES019453, U01ES019454, U01ES019457, R827039 and P01ES009584, P30ES006096, and P30ES023515 from the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, the National Cancer Institute, EPA, NIH, DHHS, CSTA-UL1RR029887, NYS Empire Clinical Research Investigator Program, Pediatric Environmental Health Fellowship HD049311, and the Avon Foundation. NR 36 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 5 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 1044-3983 EI 1531-5487 J9 EPIDEMIOLOGY JI Epidemiology PD JUL PY 2016 VL 27 IS 4 BP 492 EP 499 DI 10.1097/EDE.0000000000000489 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DR4BX UT WOS:000379847600011 PM 27031039 ER PT J AU Benedict, K Chiller, TM Mody, RK AF Benedict, Kaitlin Chiller, Tom M. Mody, Rajal K. TI Invasive Fungal Infections Acquired from Contaminated Food or Nutritional Supplements: A Review of the Literature SO FOODBORNE PATHOGENS AND DISEASE LA English DT Review ID CLOSTRIDIUM-DIFFICILE INFECTION; HEMATOLOGICAL UNIT; DIGESTIVE-TRACT; CANDIDA-KEFYR; EPIDEMIOLOGY; FUNGEMIA; DISEASES; ASPERGILLOSIS; GUIDELINES; OUTBREAK AB Fungi are an integral part of the natural environment and, therefore, play many roles in relation to food: some fungi are used in food production, some are food sources themselves, and some are agents of food spoilage. Some fungi that contaminate food can also be harmful to human health. The harmful but noninfectious health consequences of mycotoxins have been well-characterized, but the extent to which fungi in food pose a risk for invasive infections is unknown. We conducted a literature review to identify cases of invasive fungal infections (IFIs) believed to have resulted from ingestion or inhalation of food, beverages, or dietary supplements (excluding Saccharomyces infections). We identified 11 publications describing cases or small outbreaks of IFIs related to foods or beverages and three describing IFIs related to dietary supplements. These food-associated IFIs were predominantly mold infections, and the few yeast infections were associated with dairy products. Suspected foodborne IFIs appear to be rare, but are increasingly described in the electronically searchable literature. They are associated with a variety of foods, are due to a variety of fungal pathogens, and primarily occur in persons with immunosuppressive conditions or other predisposing factors. Various guidelines for high-risk patients recommend avoidance of certain food products that may contain high levels of fungi, but further work is needed to evaluate the effectiveness of these restrictive diets in preventing fungal infections. The relationships between food spoilage, food insecurity, and IFI risk are another area that may warrant further exploration. C1 [Benedict, Kaitlin; Chiller, Tom M.; Mody, Rajal K.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Mycot Dis Branch, 1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30033 USA. RP Benedict, K (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Mycot Dis Branch, 1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30033 USA. EM jsy8@cdc.gov NR 49 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 6 U2 9 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT, INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1535-3141 EI 1556-7125 J9 FOODBORNE PATHOG DIS JI Foodborne Pathog. Dis. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 13 IS 7 BP 343 EP 349 DI 10.1089/fpd.2015.2108 PG 7 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA DQ8GR UT WOS:000379447600001 PM 27074753 ER PT J AU Pai, M Key, NS Skinner, M Curtis, R Feinstein, M Kessler, C Lane, SJ Makris, M Riker, E Santesso, N Soucie, JM Yeung, CHT Iorio, A Schunemann, HJ AF Pai, M. Key, N. S. Skinner, M. Curtis, R. Feinstein, M. Kessler, C. Lane, S. J. Makris, M. Riker, E. Santesso, N. Soucie, J. M. Yeung, C. H. T. Iorio, A. Schunemann, H. J. TI NHF-McMaster Guideline on Care Models for Haemophilia Management SO HAEMOPHILIA LA English DT Review DE care model; delivery of health care; guideline; haemophilia; health care team; integrated care ID CLINICAL-PRACTICE GUIDELINES; COMPREHENSIVE CARE; GRADING QUALITY; RECOMMENDATIONS; STRENGTH; PRINCIPLES; DISORDERS; PROMOTE; PEOPLE; WORLD AB This guideline was developed to identify evidence-based best practices in haemophilia care delivery, and discuss the range of care providers and services that are most important to optimize outcomes for persons with haemophilia (PWH) across the United States. The guideline was developed following specific methods described in detail in this supplement and based on the GRADE (Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation approach). Direct evidence from published literature and the haemophilia community, as well as indirect evidence from other chronic diseases, were reviewed, synthesized and applied to create evidence-based recommendations. The Guideline panel suggests that the integrated care model be used over non-integrated care models for PWH (conditional recommendation, moderate certainty in the evidence). For PWH with inhibitors and those at high risk for inhibitor development, the same recommendation was graded as strong, with moderate certainty in the evidence. The panel suggests that a haematologist, a specialized haemophilia nurse, a physical therapist, a social worker and round-the-clock access to a specialized coagulation laboratory be part of the integrated care team, over an integrated care team that does not include all of these components (conditional recommendation, very low certainty in the evidence). Based on available evidence, the integrated model of care in its current structure, is suggested for optimal care of PWH. There is a need for further appropriately designed studies that address unanswered questions about specific outcomes and the optimal structure of the integrated care delivery model in haemophilia. C1 [Pai, M.; Iorio, A.] McMaster Univ, Dept Med, Hamilton, ON, Canada. [Pai, M.] McMaster Univ, Dept Pathol & Mol Med, Hamilton, ON, Canada. [Pai, M.; Lane, S. J.] McMaster Univ, McMaster Ctr Transfus Res, Hamilton, ON, Canada. [Key, N. S.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Med, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Skinner, M.] Inst Policy Adv Ltd, Washington, DC USA. [Curtis, R.] Factor VIII Comp, Berkeley, CA USA. [Feinstein, M.; Riker, E.] Natl Hemophilia Fdn, New York, NY USA. [Kessler, C.] Georgetown Univ, Washington, DC USA. [Makris, M.] Univ Sheffield, Dept Infect Immun & Cardiovasc Dis, Sheffield, S Yorkshire, England. [Santesso, N.; Yeung, C. H. T.; Iorio, A.; Schunemann, H. J.] McMaster Univ, Dept Clin Epidemiol & Biostat, Hamilton, ON, Canada. [Soucie, J. M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Div Blood Disorders, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Iorio, A (reprint author), McMaster Univ, Rm 140,CRL Bldg,1280 Main St West, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada. EM iorioa@mcmaster.ca OI Iorio, Alfonso/0000-0002-3331-8766 NR 34 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1351-8216 EI 1365-2516 J9 HAEMOPHILIA JI Haemophilia PD JUL PY 2016 VL 22 SU 3 SI SI BP 6 EP 16 DI 10.1111/hae.13008 PG 11 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA DR2EX UT WOS:000379718900002 PM 27348396 ER PT J AU Owens, WE Oakley, M Le, B Byams, VR AF Owens, Wendy E. Oakley, Meredith Binh Le Byams, Vanessa R. TI Public health surveillance of people not receiving care at US federally-funded hemophilia treatment centers: Methods and demographics of the CHOICE project SO HAEMOPHILIA LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Owens, Wendy E.] Hemophilia Federat Amer, Washington, DC USA. [Oakley, Meredith; Binh Le; Byams, Vanessa R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1351-8216 EI 1365-2516 J9 HAEMOPHILIA JI Haemophilia PD JUL PY 2016 VL 22 SU 4 SI SI BP 25 EP 26 PG 2 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA DR5KC UT WOS:000379940900084 ER PT J AU Manco-Johnson, M Kulkarni, R Dupervil, B Recht, M Byams, V Dudley, B Aschman, D Voutsis, M Humes, S Oakley, M AF Manco-Johnson, Marilyn Kulkarni, Roshni Dupervil, Brandi Recht, Michael Byams, Vanessa Dudley, Becky Aschman, Diane Voutsis, Mariam Humes, Steven Oakley, Meredith TI Joint Outcomes in United States (US) Hemophilia Patients: a report of the Community Counts Registry SO HAEMOPHILIA LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Manco-Johnson, Marilyn] Univ Colorado, Hemophilia & Thrombosis Ctr, Anschutz Med Campus, Aurora, CO USA. [Kulkarni, Roshni] Michigan State Univ, Ctr Bleeding & Clotting Disorders, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Dupervil, Brandi; Byams, Vanessa; Oakley, Meredith] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Blood Disorders, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA USA. [Recht, Michael] Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, Hemophilia Ctr, Portland, OR 97201 USA. [Dudley, Becky; Aschman, Diane] Amer Thrombosis & Hemostasis Networ, Riverwood, IL USA. [Voutsis, Mariam] Icahn Sch Med Mt Sin, Reg Comprehens Hemophilia Treatment Ctr, New York, NY USA. [Humes, Steven] Univ ONorth Carolina, Hemophilia Diagnost & Treatment Ctr, Chapel Hill, NC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1351-8216 EI 1365-2516 J9 HAEMOPHILIA JI Haemophilia PD JUL PY 2016 VL 22 SU 4 SI SI BP 28 EP 28 PG 1 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA DR5KC UT WOS:000379940900090 ER PT J AU Yeung, CHT Santesso, N Pai, M Kessler, C Key, NS Makris, M Navarro-Ruan, T Soucie, JM Schunemann, HJ Iorio, A AF Yeung, C. H. T. Santesso, N. Pai, M. Kessler, C. Key, N. S. Makris, M. Navarro-Ruan, T. Soucie, J. M. Schunemann, H. J. Iorio, A. TI Care models in the management of haemophilia: a systematic review SO HAEMOPHILIA LA English DT Article DE care model; delivery of health care; haemophilia; health care team; integrated care; review ID HOME TRANSFUSION; FINDINGS TABLES; MEDICAL-CARE; FOLLOW-UP; PROGRAM; OUTCOMES; MALES; HOSPITALIZATION; METAANALYSIS; THERAPY AB BackgroundHaemophilia care is commonly provided via multidisciplinary specialized management. To date, there has been no systematic assessment of the impact of haemophilia care delivery models on patient-important outcomes. ObjectiveTo conduct a systematic review of published studies assessing the effects of the integrated care model for persons with haemophilia (PWH). Search methodsWe searched MEDLINE, EMBASE and CINAHL up to April 22, 2015, contacted experts in the field, and reviewed reference lists. Selection criteriaRandomized and non-randomized studies of PWH or carriers, focusing mainly on the assessment of care models on delivery. Data collection and analysisTwo investigators independently screened title, abstract, and full text of retrieved articles for inclusion. Risk of bias and overall quality of evidence was assessed using Cochrane's ACROBAT-NRSI tool and GRADE respectively. Relative risks, mean differences, proportions, and means and their variability were calculated as appropriate. Results27 non-randomized studies were included: eight comparative and 19 non-comparative studies. We found low- to very low-quality evidence that in comparison to other models of care, integrated care may reduce mortality, hospitalizations and emergency room visits, may lead to fewer missed days of school and work, and may increase knowledge seeking. ConclusionOur comprehensive review found low- to very low-quality evidence from a limited number of non-randomized studies assessing the impact of haemophilia care models on some patient-important outcomes. While the available evidence suggests that adoption of the integrated care model may provide benefit to PWH, further high-quality research in the field is needed. C1 [Yeung, C. H. T.; Santesso, N.; Navarro-Ruan, T.; Schunemann, H. J.; Iorio, A.] McMaster Univ, Dept Clin Epidemiol & Biostat, Hamilton, ON, Canada. [Pai, M.; Schunemann, H. J.; Iorio, A.] McMaster Univ, Dept Med, Hamilton, ON, Canada. [Pai, M.] McMaster Univ, Dept Pathol & Mol Med, Hamilton, ON, Canada. [Kessler, C.] Georgetown Univ, Washington, DC USA. [Key, N. S.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Med, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Makris, M.] Univ Sheffield, Dept Infect Immun & Cardiovasc Dis, Sheffield, S Yorkshire, England. [Soucie, J. M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Iorio, A (reprint author), Dept Clin Epidemiol & Biostat, Hlth Informat Res Unit, CRL140,1280 Main St West, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada. EM iorioa@mcmaster.ca OI Iorio, Alfonso/0000-0002-3331-8766 FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 54 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1351-8216 EI 1365-2516 J9 HAEMOPHILIA JI Haemophilia PD JUL PY 2016 VL 22 SU 3 SI SI BP 31 EP 40 DI 10.1111/hae.13000 PG 10 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA DR2EX UT WOS:000379718900005 PM 27348399 ER PT J AU Geyer, J Dietrich, J Kulkarni, R Srivaths, L Byams, V Zhang, Q James, A Kouides, P AF Geyer, Jane Dietrich, Jennifer Kulkarni, Roshni Srivaths, Lakshmi Byams, Vanessa Zhang, Qing James, Anra Kouides, Peter TI Gynecologic conditions in post-menarchal adolescents with congenital bleeding disorders (CBD) when compared to adult women - a surveillance report of the Female Universal Data Collection project in United States Hemophilia Treatment Center Network SO HAEMOPHILIA LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Geyer, Jane; Dietrich, Jennifer] Baylor Coll Med, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Kulkarni, Roshni] Michigan State Univ, Dept Pediat & Human Dev, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Srivaths, Lakshmi] Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pediat, Sect Hematol Oncol, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Byams, Vanessa; Zhang, Qing] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Blood Disorders, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA USA. [James, Anra] Univ Virginia, Div Maternal Fetal Med, Charlottesville, VA USA. [Kouides, Peter] Mary M Gooley Hemophilia Treatment Ctr, Rochester, NY USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1351-8216 EI 1365-2516 J9 HAEMOPHILIA JI Haemophilia PD JUL PY 2016 VL 22 SU 4 SI SI BP 136 EP 136 PG 1 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA DR5KC UT WOS:000379940900475 ER PT J AU Ai, J Taylor, KM Lisko, JG Tran, H Watson, CH Holman, MR AF Ai, Jiu Taylor, Kenneth M. Lisko, Joseph G. Tran, Hang Watson, Clifford H. Holman, Matthew R. TI Menthol Content in US Marketed Cigarettes SO NICOTINE & TOBACCO RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID SMOKING AB In 2011 menthol cigarettes accounted for 32 percent of the market in the United States, but there are few literature reports that provide measured menthol data for commercial cigarettes. To assess current menthol application levels in the US cigarette market, menthol levels in cigarettes labeled or not labeled to contain menthol was determined for a variety of contemporary domestic cigarette products. We measured the menthol content of 45 whole cigarettes using a validated gas chromatography/mass spectrometry method. In 23 cigarette brands labeled as menthol products, the menthol levels of the whole cigarette ranged from 2.9 to 19.6mg/cigarette, with three products having higher levels of menthol relative to the other menthol products. The menthol levels for 22 cigarette products not labeled to contain menthol ranged from 0.002 to 0.07mg/cigarette. The type of packaging (soft vs. hard pack) for a given cigarette product does not appear to affect menthol levels based on the current limited data. Menthol levels in cigarette products labeled as containing menthol are approximately 50- to 5000-fold higher than those in cigarette products not labeled as containing menthol. In general, menthol content appears to occur within discrete ranges for both mentholated and nonmentholated cigarettes. This study shows that menthol may be present in non-mentholated cigarettes and adds to the understanding of how menthol may be used in cigarette products. It is the first systematic study from the same laboratory which will readily enable comparison among menthol and non-menthol cigarettes. C1 [Ai, Jiu; Taylor, Kenneth M.; Holman, Matthew R.] US FDA, Off Sci, Ctr Tobacco Prod, 10903 New Hampshire Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20993 USA. [Lisko, Joseph G.; Tran, Hang; Watson, Clifford H.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Tobacco Prod Lab, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Taylor, KM (reprint author), US FDA, Off Sci, Ctr Tobacco Prod, 10903 New Hampshire Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20993 USA. EM Kenneth.taylor@fda.hhs.gov FU US Food and Drug Administration, Center for Tobacco Products FX This research was funded by the US Food and Drug Administration, Center for Tobacco Products. NR 17 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 4 U2 4 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1462-2203 EI 1469-994X J9 NICOTINE TOB RES JI Nicotine Tob. Res. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 18 IS 7 BP 1575 EP 1580 DI 10.1093/ntr/ntv162 PG 6 WC Substance Abuse; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Substance Abuse; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DR3TW UT WOS:000379826500005 PM 26259988 ER PT J AU Baxter, R Lewis, N Bohrer, P Harrington, T Aukes, L Klein, NP AF Baxter, Roger Lewis, Ned Bohrer, Pamela Harrington, Theresa Aukes, Laurie Klein, Nicola P. TI Sudden-Onset Sensorineural Hearing Loss after Immunization: A Case-Centered Analysis SO OTOLARYNGOLOGY-HEAD AND NECK SURGERY LA English DT Article DE vaccine; immunization; adverse event; hearing loss; sensorineural; influenza vaccine ID INFLUENZA VACCINATION; SAFETY; RISK; CHILDREN AB Objective Case reports of sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSHL) following vaccines have led to concerns that vaccines may rarely cause hearing loss. Because of this concern, we analyzed for an association between SSHL and vaccinations. Study Design We used a case-centered method, equivalent to a case control design using immunization dates from all matched members of the population to calculate exposure to vaccines, rather than sampling. Setting Kaiser Permanente Northern California (KPNC), 2007 to 2013. Subjects and Methods We searched KPNC databases from 2007 to 2013 for all first-time diagnoses of SSHL. We used the date of any hearing- or ear-related visit in the 60 days prior to the first SSHL diagnosis as the onset date. Using only SSHL cases immunized in the prior 9 months, we compared the vaccine exposure in several risk intervals prior to onset with the exposure to the same vaccine during the same time period in all KPNC membership, matched to sex and age. Results During the study period, >20 million vaccines were administered at KPNC. In all risk intervals prior to onset of SSHL, we found no evidence of increased risk of immunization compared with matched controls. The odds ratios for vaccination 1 week prior to SSHL were 0.965 (95% confidence interval, 0.61-1.50) for trivalent inactivated influenza vaccine (TIV); 0.842 (0.39-1.62) for tetanus, reduced diphtheria, and reduced acellular pertussis; and 0.454 (0.08-1.53) for zoster vaccine. Conclusion A large-scale analysis applying a case-centered method did not detect any association between SSHL and previous receipt of TIV or other vaccines. C1 [Baxter, Roger; Lewis, Ned; Aukes, Laurie; Klein, Nicola P.] Northern Calif Kaiser Permanente, Vaccine Study Ctr, Oakland, CA USA. [Bohrer, Pamela] Permanente Med Grp Inc, Santa Rosa, CA USA. [Harrington, Theresa] CDC, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Immunizat Safety Off, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Baxter, R (reprint author), Kaiser Permanente, Vaccine Study Ctr, 1 Kaiser Plaza,16th Floor, Oakland, CA 94612 USA. EM roger.baxter@kp.org FU CDC [200-2012-53662] FX This work was supported by the Clinical Immunization Safety Assessment (CISA) Project under contract 200-2012-53662 from the CDC. NR 21 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD PI LONDON PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND SN 0194-5998 EI 1097-6817 J9 OTOLARYNG HEAD NECK JI Otolaryngol. Head Neck Surg. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 155 IS 1 BP 81 EP 86 DI 10.1177/0194599816639043 PG 6 WC Otorhinolaryngology; Surgery SC Otorhinolaryngology; Surgery GA DR6NR UT WOS:000380019100015 PM 27026733 ER PT J AU Thompson, KM Cochi, SL AF Thompson, Kimberly M. Cochi, Stephen L. TI Modeling and Managing the Risks of Measles and Rubella: A Global Perspective, Part I SO RISK ANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE Infectious disease; measles; modeling; rubella ID VACCINE; ERADICATION; POLIOMYELITIS; POLIOVIRUSES; MANAGEMENT AB Over the past 50 years, the use of vaccines led to significant decreases in the global burdens of measles and rubella, motivated at least in part by the successive development of global control and elimination targets. The Global Vaccine Action Plan (GVAP) includes specific targets for regional elimination of measles and rubella in five of six regions of the World Health Organization by 2020. Achieving the GVAP measles and rubella goals will require significant immunization efforts and associated financial investments and political commitments. Planning and budgeting for these efforts can benefit from learning some important lessons from the Global Polio Eradication Initiative (GPEI). Following an overview of the global context of measles and rubella risks and discussion of lessons learned from the GPEI, we introduce the contents of the special issue on modeling and managing the risks of measles and rubella. This introduction describes the synthesis of the literature available to support evidence-based model inputs to support the development of an integrated economic and dynamic disease transmission model to support global efforts to optimally manage these diseases globally using vaccines. C1 [Thompson, Kimberly M.] Kid Risk Inc, 10524 Moss Pk Rd,Ste 204-364, Orlando, FL 32832 USA. [Thompson, Kimberly M.] Univ Cent Florida, Coll Med, Orlando, FL 32816 USA. [Cochi, Stephen L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Global Immunizat Div, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Thompson, KM (reprint author), Kid Risk Inc, 10524 Moss Pk Rd,Ste 204-364, Orlando, FL 32832 USA. EM kimt@kidrisk.org FU U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) [U66IP000519]; World Health Organization (WHO) [APW 200470477, 200526236] FX The authors thank Charles Haas for serving as the Area Editor for the special issue and Karen Lowrie and Anthony Cox for making this collection possible. The first author thanks the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) for supporting this work under Cooperative Agreement U66IP000519. The work described in the special issue also benefited from this Cooperative Agreement and from support from the World Health Organization (WHO) under Contracts APW 200470477 and 200526236. The findings and conclusions in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the CDC or the WHO. In addition to all of the authors of the articles in this special issue, the authors thank Anindya Sekhar Bose, Casey Boudreau, Daniel Carter, Katie Cuming, Lisa Cairns, Thomas Cherian, Susan Chu, Messeret Eshetu, Andrea Gay, Tracey Goodman, Christopher Gregory, Mark Grabowsky, Matt Hansen, L. Homero Hernandez, Edward Hoekstra, Joseph Icenogle, Suresh Jadavh, Sam Katz, Orin Levine, Apoorva Mallya, Rebecca Martin, Ali Jaffar Mohamed, Chris Morry, Walter A. Orenstein, Mark Pallansch, Kuotong Nongho Rogers (Tambie), Paul Rota, Maya van den Ent, Maya Vijayaraghavan, Steven Wassilak, and Wang Xiaojun for contributions. NR 32 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0272-4332 EI 1539-6924 J9 RISK ANAL JI Risk Anal. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 36 IS 7 SI SI BP 1288 EP 1296 DI 10.1111/risa.12655 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Social Sciences, Mathematical Methods SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Mathematics; Mathematical Methods In Social Sciences GA DR5IW UT WOS:000379937700002 PM 27424287 ER PT J AU Thompson, KM Simons, EA Badizadegan, K Reef, SE Cooper, LZ AF Thompson, Kimberly M. Simons, Emily A. Badizadegan, Kamran Reef, Susan E. Cooper, Louis Z. TI Characterization of the Risks of Adverse Outcomes Following Rubella Infection in Pregnancy SO RISK ANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE Abortion; congenital rubella syndrome; pregnancy; rubella ID CONGENITAL-RUBELLA; MATERNAL RUBELLA; INDUCED-ABORTION; FETAL INFECTION; UNITED-STATES; EPIDEMIC; OUTBREAK; INFANTS; WOMEN; ABNORMALITIES AB Although most infections with the rubella virus result in relatively minor sequelae, rubella infection in early pregnancy may lead to severe adverse outcomes for the fetus. First recognized in 1941, congenital rubella syndrome (CRS) can manifest with a diverse range of symptoms, including congenital cataracts, glaucoma, and cardiac defects, as well as hearing and intellectual disability. The gestational age of the fetus at the time of the maternal rubella infection impacts the probability and severity of outcomes, with infection in early pregnancy increasing the risks of spontaneous termination (miscarriage), fetal death (stillbirth), birth defects, and reduced survival for live-born infants. Rubella vaccination continues to change the epidemiology of rubella and CRS globally, but no models currently exist to evaluate the economic benefits of rubella management. This systematic review provides an overall assessment of the weight of the evidence for the outcomes associated with rubella infections in the first 20 weeks of pregnancy. We identified, evaluated, and graded 31 studies (all from developed countries) that reported on the pregnancy outcomes of at least 30 maternal rubella infections. We used the available evidence to estimate the increased risks of spontaneous termination, fetal death, infant death, and CRS as a function of the timing of rubella infection in pregnancy and decisions about induced termination. These data support the characterization of the disability-adjusted life years for outcomes associated with rubella infection in pregnancy. We find significant impacts associated with maternal rubella infections in early pregnancy, which economic analyses will miss if they only focus on live births of CRS cases. Our estimates of fetal loss from increased induced terminations due to maternal rubella infections provide context that may help to explain the relatively low numbers of observed CRS cases per year despite potentially large burdens of disease. Our comprehensive review of the weight of the evidence of all pregnancy outcomes demonstrates the importance of including all outcomes in models that characterize rubella-related disease burdens and costs. C1 [Thompson, Kimberly M.; Simons, Emily A.] Kid Risk Inc, 10524 Moss Pk Rd,Ste 204-364, Orlando, FL 32832 USA. [Thompson, Kimberly M.; Badizadegan, Kamran] Univ Cent Florida, Coll Med, Orlando, FL 32816 USA. [Simons, Emily A.] Harvard Med Sch, Boston, MA USA. [Badizadegan, Kamran] Nemours Childrens Hosp, Orlando, FL USA. [Reef, Susan E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Cooper, Louis Z.] Columbia Univ, Sch Med, New York, NY USA. RP Thompson, KM (reprint author), Kid Risk Inc, 10524 Moss Pk Rd,Ste 204-364, Orlando, FL 32832 USA. EM kimt@kidrisk.org FU U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) [U66IP000519] FX The first two authors acknowledge support for this work from the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) under Contract U66IP000519. The authors thank Cassie Lewis Odahowski for data entry assistance and Howard Gary, Joe Icenogle, and Laura Zimmerman for helpful input. The contents of this article remain solely the responsibility of the authors and do not represent the official views of the CDC. NR 66 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 4 U2 9 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0272-4332 EI 1539-6924 J9 RISK ANAL JI Risk Anal. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 36 IS 7 SI SI BP 1315 EP 1331 DI 10.1111/risa.12264 PG 17 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Social Sciences, Mathematical Methods SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Mathematics; Mathematical Methods In Social Sciences GA DR5IW UT WOS:000379937700004 PM 25100307 ER PT J AU Simons, EA Reef, SE Cooper, LZ Zimmerman, L Thompson, KM AF Simons, Emily A. Reef, Susan E. Cooper, Louis Z. Zimmerman, Laura Thompson, Kimberly M. TI Systematic Review of the Manifestations of Congenital Rubella Syndrome in Infants and Characterization of Disability-Adjusted Life Years (DALYs) SO RISK ANALYSIS LA English DT Review DE Birth outcomes; congenital rubella syndrome; disability; life expectancy; rubella ID PATENT DUCTUS-ARTERIOSUS; TERM-FOLLOW-UP; MATERNAL RUBELLA; SURGICAL REPAIR; GLOBAL BURDEN; OCULAR MANIFESTATIONS; COCHLEAR IMPLANTATION; INTRAUTERINE RUBELLA; HEARING IMPAIRMENT; VISUAL IMPAIRMENT AB Congenital rubella syndrome (CRS) continues to cause disability among unvaccinated populations in countries with no or insufficient rubella vaccine coverage to prevent transmission. We systematically reviewed the literature on birth outcomes associated with CRS to estimate the duration, severity, and frequency of combinations of morbidities. We searched PubMed, the Science Citation Index, and references from relevant articles for studies in English with primary data on the frequency of CRS manifestations for 20 cases and identified 65 studies representing 66 study populations that met our inclusion criteria. We abstracted available data on CRS cases with one or more hearing, heart, and/or eye defect following maternal rubella infection during the period of 0-20 weeks since the last menstrual period. We assessed the quality and weight of the available evidence using a modified Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach. Most of the evidence originates from studies in developed countries of cohorts of infants identified with CRS in the 1960s and 1970s, prior to the development of standardized definitions for CRS and widespread use of vaccine. We developed estimates of undiscounted disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) lost per CRS case for countries of different income levels. The estimates ranged from approximately 19 to 39 for high-income countries assuming optimal treatment and from approximately 29 to 39 DALYs lost per CRS case in low- and lower- middle-income countries assuming minimal treatment, with the lower bound based on 2010 general global burden of disease disability weights and the upper bound based on 1990 age-specific and treatment-specific global burden of disease disability weights. Policymakers and analysts should appreciate the significant burden of disability caused by CRS as they evaluate opportunities to manage rubella. C1 [Simons, Emily A.; Thompson, Kimberly M.] Kid Risk Inc, 10524 Moss Pk Rd,Ste 204-364, Orlando, FL 32832 USA. [Simons, Emily A.] Harvard Med Sch, Boston, MA USA. [Reef, Susan E.; Zimmerman, Laura] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Global Immunizat Div, Atlanta, GA USA. [Cooper, Louis Z.] Columbia Univ, Pediat, New York, NY USA. [Thompson, Kimberly M.] Univ Cent Florida, Coll Med, Orlando, FL 32816 USA. RP Thompson, KM (reprint author), Kid Risk Inc, 10524 Moss Pk Rd,Ste 204-364, Orlando, FL 32832 USA. EM kimt@kidrisk.org FU U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) [U66IP000519] FX The first and last authors acknowledge support for this work from the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) under Contract U66IP000519. The authors thank Cassie Lewis Odahowski for data entry assistance and Stephen Cochi and Walter Orenstein for helpful input. The contents of this article remain solely the responsibility of the authors and do not represent the official views of the CDC. NR 125 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 5 U2 8 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0272-4332 EI 1539-6924 J9 RISK ANAL JI Risk Anal. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 36 IS 7 SI SI BP 1332 EP 1356 DI 10.1111/risa.12263 PG 25 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Social Sciences, Mathematical Methods SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Mathematics; Mathematical Methods In Social Sciences GA DR5IW UT WOS:000379937700005 PM 25115193 ER PT J AU Thompson, KM Odahowski, CL Goodson, JL Reef, SE Perry, RT AF Thompson, Kimberly M. Odahowski, Cassie L. Goodson, James L. Reef, Susan E. Perry, Robert T. TI Synthesis of Evidence to Characterize National Measles and Rubella Exposure and Immunization Histories SO RISK ANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE Measles; routine immunization; rubella; supplemental immunization activities (SIAs) ID SUBACUTE SCLEROSING-PANENCEPHALITIS; OUTBREAK RESPONSE IMMUNIZATION; VACCINE-PREVENTABLE DISEASES; EASTERN MEDITERRANEAN REGION; WEST-AFRICAN COMMUNITY; MMR MASS VACCINATION; PAPUA-NEW-GUINEA; CONGENITAL-RUBELLA; MORTALITY REDUCTION; NIGERIAN CHILDREN AB Population immunity depends on the dynamic levels of immunization coverage that countries achieve over time and any transmission of viruses that occur within the population that induce immunity. In the context of developing a dynamic transmission model for measles and rubella to support analyses of future immunization policy options, we assessed the model inputs required to reproduce past behavior and to provide some confidence about model performance at the national level. We reviewed the data available from the World Health Organization (WHO) and existing measles and rubella literature for evidence of historical reported routine and supplemental immunization activities and reported cases and outbreaks. We constructed model input profiles for 180 WHO member states and three other areas to support disease transmission model development and calibration. The profiles demonstrate the significant variability in immunization strategies used historically by regions and member states and the epidemiological implications of these historical choices. The profiles provide a historical perspective on measles and rubella immunization globally at the national level, and they may help immunization program managers identify existing immunity and/or knowledge gaps. C1 [Thompson, Kimberly M.; Odahowski, Cassie L.] Kid Risk Inc, Orlando, FL 32832 USA. [Thompson, Kimberly M.] Univ Cent Florida, Coll Med, Orlando, FL 32816 USA. [Goodson, James L.; Reef, Susan E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Global Immunizat Div, Atlanta, GA USA. [Perry, Robert T.] World Hlth Org, Geneva, Switzerland. RP Thompson, KM (reprint author), Kid Risk Inc, Orlando, FL 32832 USA. EM kimt@kidrisk.org FU U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) [U66IP000519] FX The first two authors acknowledge support for this work from the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) for supporting this work under Cooperative Agreement U66IP000519. We thank Marta Gacic-Dobo and Tony Burton for helpful input. The contents of this article remain solely the responsibility of the authors and do not represent the official views of the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention or the World Health Organization. NR 312 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0272-4332 EI 1539-6924 J9 RISK ANAL JI Risk Anal. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 36 IS 7 SI SI BP 1427 EP 1458 DI 10.1111/risa.12454 PG 32 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Social Sciences, Mathematical Methods SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Mathematics; Mathematical Methods In Social Sciences GA DR5IW UT WOS:000379937700010 PM 26249328 ER PT J AU Scobie, HM Mao, B Buth, S Wannemuehler, KA Sorensen, C Kannarath, C Jenks, MH Moss, DM Priest, JW Soeung, SC Deming, MS Lammie, PJ Gregory, CJ AF Scobie, Heather M. Mao, Bunsoth Buth, Sokhal Wannemuehler, Kathleen A. Sorensen, Charlotte Kannarath, Chheng Jenks, M. Harley Moss, Delynn M. Priest, Jeffrey W. Soeung, Sann Chan Deming, Michael S. Lammie, Patrick J. Gregory, Christopher J. TI Tetanus Immunity among Women Aged 15 to 39 Years in Cambodia: a National Population-Based Serosurvey, 2012 SO CLINICAL AND VACCINE IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID BINDING-INHIBITION TEST; IMMUNOGLOBULIN-G ANTIBODIES; MULTIPLEX BEAD ASSAY; NEUTRALIZING ANTIBODIES; SYSTEMATIC ANALYSIS; HUMAN-SERA; DIPHTHERIA; TOXIN; ANTITOXIN; ELISA AB To monitor progress toward maternal and neonatal tetanus elimination (MNTE) in Cambodia, we conducted a nationwide serosurvey of tetanus immunity in 2012. Multistage cluster sampling was used to select 2,154 women aged 15 to 39 years. Tetanus toxoid antibodies in serum samples were measured by gold-standard double-antigen enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (DAE) and a novel multiplex bead assay (MBA). Antibody concentrations of >= 0.01 IU/ml by DAE or the equivalent for MBA were considered seroprotective. Estimated tetanus seroprotection was 88% (95% confidence interval [CI], 86 to 89%); 64% (95% CI, 61 to 67%) of women had antibody levels of >= 1.0 IU/ml. Seroprotection was significantly lower (P < 0.001) among women aged 15 to 19 years (63%) and 20 to 24 years (87%) than among those aged >= 25 years (96%), among nulliparous women than among parous women (71 versus 97%), and among those living in the western region than among those living in other regions (82 versus 89%). The MBA showed high sensitivity (99% [95% CI, 98 to 99%]) and specificity (92% [95% CI, 88 to 95%]) compared with DAE. Findings were compatible with MNTE in Cambodia (>= 80% protection). Tetanus immunity gaps should be addressed through strengthened routine immunization and targeted vaccination campaigns. Incorporating tetanus testing in national serosurveys using MBAs, which can measure immunity to multiple pathogens simultaneously, may be beneficial for monitoring MNTE. C1 [Scobie, Heather M.; Wannemuehler, Kathleen A.; Gregory, Christopher J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Global Immunizat Div, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Mao, Bunsoth] Univ Hlth Sci, Phnom Penh, Cambodia. [Buth, Sokhal; Kannarath, Chheng] Natl Inst Publ Hlth, Phnom Penh, Cambodia. [Sorensen, Charlotte] Statens Serum Inst, Copenhagen, Denmark. [Jenks, M. Harley; Deming, Michael S.; Lammie, Patrick J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Atlanta, GA USA. [Moss, Delynn M.; Priest, Jeffrey W.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Soeung, Sann Chan] Minist Hlth, Natl Immunizat Program, Phnom Penh, Cambodia. [Jenks, M. Harley] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div High Consequence Pathogens & Pathol, Atlanta, GA USA. [Gregory, Christopher J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global Hlth Protect, Bangkok, Thailand. RP Scobie, HM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Global Immunizat Div, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM hscobie@cdc.gov FU HHS \ Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) FX This work was funded by HHS vertical bar Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). NR 40 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 4 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 1556-6811 EI 1556-679X J9 CLIN VACCINE IMMUNOL JI Clin. Vaccine Immunol. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 23 IS 7 BP 546 EP 554 DI 10.1128/CVI.00052-16 PG 9 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA DQ9GB UT WOS:000379517300004 PM 27053629 ER PT J AU Szilagyi, PG Blumkin, A Treanor, JJ Gallivan, S Albertin, C Lofthus, GK Schnabel, KC Donahue, JG Thompson, MG Shay, DK AF Szilagyi, P. G. Blumkin, A. Treanor, J. J. Gallivan, S. Albertin, C. Lofthus, G. K. Schnabel, K. C. Donahue, J. G. Thompson, M. G. Shay, D. K. TI Incidence and viral aetiologies of acute respiratory illnesses (ARIs) in the United States: a population-based study SO EPIDEMIOLOGY AND INFECTION LA English DT Article DE Acute respiratory illnesses (ARIs); influenza; respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) ID SYNCYTIAL VIRUS-INFECTION; YOUNG-CHILDREN; INFLUENZA VACCINES; SEASONAL INFLUENZA; HOSPITALIZATIONS; BURDEN; PARAINFLUENZA; SURVEILLANCE; WATCH; RECOMMENDATIONS AB We conducted prospective, community-wide surveillance for acute respiratory illnesses (ARIs) in Rochester, NY and Marshfield, WI during a 3-month period in winter 2011. We estimated the incidence of ARIs in each community, tested for viruses, and determined the proportion of ARIs associated with healthcare visits. We used a rolling cross-sectional design to sample participants, conducted telephone interviews to assess ARI symptoms (defined as a current illness with feverishness or cough within the past 7 days), collected nasal/throat swabs to identify viruses, and extracted healthcare utilization from outpatient/inpatient records. Of 6492 individuals, 321 reported an ARI within 7 days (4.9% total, 5.7% in Rochester, 4.4% in Marshfield); swabs were collected from 208 subjects. The cumulative ARI incidence for the entire 3-month period was 52% in Rochester [95% confidence interval (CI) 42-63] and 35% in Marshfield (95% CI 28-42). A specific virus was identified in 39% of specimens: human coronavirus (13% of samples), rhinovirus (12%), RSV (7%), influenza virus (4%), human metapneumovirus (4%), and adenovirus (1%). Only 39/200 (20%) had a healthcare visit (2/9 individuals with influenza). ARI incidence was similar to 5% per week during winter. C1 [Szilagyi, P. G.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Pediat, Mattel Childrens Hosp, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. [Blumkin, A.; Albertin, C.; Lofthus, G. K.; Schnabel, K. C.] Univ Rochester, Sch Med & Dent, Dept Pediat, New York, NY USA. [Treanor, J. J.] Univ Rochester, Sch Med & Dent, Dept Internal Med, New York, NY USA. [Gallivan, S.] Univ Rochester, Sch Med & Dent, Dept Social Work, New York, NY USA. [Donahue, J. G.] Marshfield Clin Res Fdn, Marshfield, WI USA. [Thompson, M. G.; Shay, D. K.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Szilagyi, PG (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Pediat, Clin Res, 10833 LeConte,MC 175217, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. EM pszilagyi@mednet.ucla.edu FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Marshfield Clinic Research Foundation [U01 IP000183]; University of Rochester [U01 IP000172] FX This study was funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention through cooperative agreements with the University of Rochester (U01 IP000172) and Marshfield Clinic Research Foundation (U01 IP000183). The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 41 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0950-2688 EI 1469-4409 J9 EPIDEMIOL INFECT JI Epidemiol. Infect. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 144 IS 10 BP 2077 EP 2086 DI 10.1017/S0950268816000315 PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA DR3EO UT WOS:000379785600007 PM 26931351 ER PT J AU Heitzinger, K Rocha, CA Quick, RE Montano, SM Tilley, DH Mock, CN Carrasco, AJ Cabrera, RM Hawes, SE AF Heitzinger, K. Rocha, C. A. Quick, R. E. Montano, S. M. Tilley, D. H., Jr. Mock, C. N. Carrasco, A. J. Cabrera, R. M. Hawes, S. E. TI The challenge of improving boiling: lessons learned from a randomized controlled trial of water pasteurization and safe storage in Peru SO EPIDEMIOLOGY AND INFECTION LA English DT Article DE Epidemiology; Escherichia coli (E. coli); Water (quality); Water (safe) ID HOUSEHOLD DRINKING-WATER; POINT-OF-USE; FECAL CONTAMINATION; GLOBAL BURDEN; EPIDEMIOLOGY; PREVENTION; CONTAINERS; COUNTRIES; CHILDREN; DIARRHEA AB Boiling is the most common method of household water treatment in developing countries; however, it is not always effectively practised. We conducted a randomized controlled trial among 210 households to assess the effectiveness of water pasteurization and safe-storage interventions in reducing Escherichia coli contamination of household drinking water in a water-boiling population in rural Peru. Households were randomized to receive either a safe-storage container or a safe-storage container plus water pasteurization indicator or to a control group. During a 13-week follow-up period, households that received a safe-storage container and water pasteurization indicator did not have a significantly different prevalence of stored drinking-water contamination relative to the control group [prevalence ratio (PR) 1.18, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.92-1.52]. Similarly, receipt of a safe-storage container alone had no effect on prevalence of contamination (PR 1.02, 95% CI 0.79-1.31). Although use of water pasteurization indicators and locally available storage containers did not increase the safety of household drinking water in this study, future research could illuminate factors that facilitate the effective use of these interventions to improve water quality and reduce the risk of waterborne disease in populations that boil drinking water. C1 [Heitzinger, K.; Quick, R. E.; Mock, C. N.; Hawes, S. E.] Univ Washington, Dept Epidemiol, Box 357236, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Rocha, C. A.; Montano, S. M.; Tilley, D. H., Jr.] US Naval Med Res Unit 6, Bacteriol Dept, Callao, Peru. [Quick, R. E.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Waterborne Dis Prevent Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Montano, S. M.] Univ Washington, Dept Neurol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Carrasco, A. J.; Cabrera, R. M.] Hosp San Juan Dios, Ica Reg Minist Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth, Pisco, Peru. RP Heitzinger, K (reprint author), Univ Washington, Dept Epidemiol, Box 357236, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. EM heitzk@uw.edu FU Department of Defense Humanitarian Assistance Program [20306]; NIH - Fogarty International Center [R25 TW009345] FX This research was supported by the Department of Defense Humanitarian Assistance Program (project no. 20306) and by NIH research training grant no. R25 TW009345 awarded to the Northern Pacific Global Health Fellows Program by the Fogarty International Center. NR 36 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0950-2688 EI 1469-4409 J9 EPIDEMIOL INFECT JI Epidemiol. Infect. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 144 IS 10 BP 2230 EP 2240 DI 10.1017/S0950268816000236 PG 11 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA DR3EO UT WOS:000379785600023 PM 26899531 ER PT J AU Ojuromi, OT Duan, LP Izquierdo, F Fenoy, SM Oyibo, WA del Aguila, C Ashafa, AOT Feng, YY Xiao, LH AF Ojuromi, Oladele T. Duan, Liping Izquierdo, Fernando Fenoy, Soledad M. Oyibo, Wellington A. del Aguila, Carmen Ashafa, Anofi O. T. Feng, Yaoyu Xiao, Lihua TI Genotypes of Cryptosporidium spp. and Enterocytozoon bieneusi in Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Patients in Lagos, Nigeria SO JOURNAL OF EUKARYOTIC MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Epidemiology; microsporidia; opportunistic; zoonosis ID MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION; HOMINIS SUBTYPES; HIV; IDENTIFICATION; POPULATION; CHILDREN; STATE AB Molecular characterization of Cryptosporidium spp. and Enterocytozoon bieneusi has improved our understanding of the transmission of both organisms in humans. In this study, to infer possible infection sources, Cryptosporidium spp. and E. bieneusi in fecal specimens from 90 HIV-infected patients attending antiretroviral clinics in Lagos, Nigeria were detected and genotyped by PCR and DNA sequencing. Cryptosporidium spp. and E. bieneusi were identified in four and five patients, respectively, including the occurrence of subtype IeA11T3G3 of Cryptosporidium hominis in two patients, subtype IIcA5G3k of Cryptosporidium parvum in one patient, and Type IV of E. bieneusi in four patients. Among the remaining positive patients, one had mixed infection of Cryptosporidium meleagridis and C. hominis and one had mixed E. bieneusi genotypes. These data highlight a possible difference in major transmission routes (anthroponotic vs. zoonotic) between Cryptosporidium spp. and E. bieneusi in HIV+ patients in the study area. C1 [Ojuromi, Oladele T.; Ashafa, Anofi O. T.] Univ Free State, Fac Nat & Agr Sci, Qwaqwa Campus, ZA-9866 Phuthaditjhaba, South Africa. [Duan, Liping; Xiao, Lihua] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Mail Stop D66,1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Duan, Liping; Feng, Yaoyu] East China Univ Sci & Technol, Sch Resources & Environm Engn, State Key Lab Bioreactor Engn, Shanghai 200237, Peoples R China. [Izquierdo, Fernando; Fenoy, Soledad M.; del Aguila, Carmen] Univ CEU San Pablo, Fac Farm, Madrid 28003, Spain. [Oyibo, Wellington A.] Univ Lagos, Coll Med, Dept Med Microbiol & Parasitol, Lagos, Nigeria. RP Feng, YY (reprint author), East China Univ Sci & Technol, State Key Lab Bioreactor Engn, 130 Meilong Rd, Shanghai 200237, Peoples R China.; Xiao, LH (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Mail Stop D66,1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM yyfeng@ecust.edu.cn; lxiao@cdc.gov RI del Aguila, Carmen/A-6063-2016; Fenoy, Soledad /A-9633-2016; Xiao, Lihua/B-1704-2013; OI del Aguila, Carmen/0000-0003-0063-7899; Fenoy, Soledad /0000-0002-5218-6308; Xiao, Lihua/0000-0001-8532-2727; Oyibo, Wellington/0000-0002-5730-5396 FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [31425025] FX We thank Drs A. S. Akanmu and N. N. Odunukwe for assistance in collection of specimens from HIV clinics. Yaoyu Feng received support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 31425025). The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 26 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1066-5234 EI 1550-7408 J9 J EUKARYOT MICROBIOL JI J. Eukaryot. Microbiol. PD JUL-AUG PY 2016 VL 63 IS 4 BP 414 EP 418 DI 10.1111/jeu.12285 PG 5 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA DR0SE UT WOS:000379616400001 PM 26662459 ER PT J AU Gambino-Shirley, K Stevenson, L Wargo, K Burnworth, L Roberts, J Garrett, N Van Duyne, S McAllister, G Nichols, M AF Gambino-Shirley, Kelly Stevenson, Lauren Wargo, Katherine Burnworth, Laura Roberts, Jonathan Garrett, Nancy Van Duyne, Susan McAllister, Gillian Nichols, Megin TI Four Multistate Outbreaks of Human Salmonella Infections Linked to Small Turtle Exposure - United States, 2015 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Article C1 [Gambino-Shirley, Kelly] CDC, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Gambino-Shirley, Kelly; Stevenson, Lauren; Wargo, Katherine; Burnworth, Laura; Garrett, Nancy; Van Duyne, Susan; McAllister, Gillian; Nichols, Megin] CDC, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Roberts, Jonathan] Louisiana Dept Agr & Forestry, Baton Rouge, LA USA. RP Gambino-Shirley, K (reprint author), CDC, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.; Gambino-Shirley, K (reprint author), CDC, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM KGambinoShirley@cdc.gov NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD JUL 1 PY 2016 VL 65 IS 25 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DQ9OB UT WOS:000379538100004 ER PT J AU Kennedy, C Yard, E Dignam, T Buchanan, S Condon, S Brown, MJ Raymond, J Rogers, HS Sarisky, J de Castro, R Arias, I Breysse, P AF Kennedy, Chinaro Yard, Ellen Dignam, Timothy Buchanan, Sharunda Condon, Suzanne Brown, Mary Jean Raymond, Jaime Rogers, Helen Schurz Sarisky, John de Castro, Rey Arias, Ileana Breysse, Patrick TI Blood Lead Levels Among Children Aged < 6 Years - Flint, Michigan, 2013-2016 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Article ID DRINKING-WATER; RISK C1 [Kennedy, Chinaro; Condon, Suzanne; de Castro, Rey; Arias, Ileana; Breysse, Patrick] CDC, Off Director, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Yard, Ellen; Dignam, Timothy] CDC, Div Environm Hlth & Hlth Effects, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Buchanan, Sharunda; Brown, Mary Jean; Raymond, Jaime; Rogers, Helen Schurz; Sarisky, John] CDC, Div Emergency & Environm Hlth Serv, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Kennedy, C (reprint author), CDC, Off Director, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM gjn5@cdc.gov NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 23 U2 36 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD JUL 1 PY 2016 VL 65 IS 25 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DQ9OB UT WOS:000379538100003 ER PT J AU McIntosh, WL Spies, E Stone, DM Lokey, CN Trudeau, ART Bartholow, B AF McIntosh, Wendy LiKamWa Spies, Erica Stone, Deborah M. Lokey, Colby N. Trudeau, Aimee-Rika T. Bartholow, Brad TI Suicide Rates by Occupational Group-17 States, 2012 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Article C1 [McIntosh, Wendy LiKamWa; Spies, Erica; Stone, Deborah M.; Lokey, Colby N.; Trudeau, Aimee-Rika T.; Bartholow, Brad] CDC, Div Violence Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Spies, Erica] CDC, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP McIntosh, WL (reprint author), CDC, Div Violence Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM wmcintosh@cdc.gov NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 4 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD JUL 1 PY 2016 VL 65 IS 25 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DQ9OB UT WOS:000379538100001 ER PT J AU Newman, SJ Ye, JL Leep, CJ Hasbrouck, L Zometa, C AF Newman, Sarah J. Ye, Jiali Leep, Carolyn J. Hasbrouck, LaMar Zometa, Carlos TI Assessment of Staffing, Services, and Partnerships of Local Health Departments - United States, 2015 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Article C1 [Newman, Sarah J.; Ye, Jiali; Leep, Carolyn J.; Hasbrouck, LaMar] Natl Assoc Cty & City Hlth Officials, Washington, DC 20036 USA. [Zometa, Carlos] CDC, Off State Tribal Local & Terr Support, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Newman, SJ (reprint author), Natl Assoc Cty & City Hlth Officials, Washington, DC 20036 USA. EM snewman@naccho.org NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD JUL 1 PY 2016 VL 65 IS 25 PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DQ9OB UT WOS:000379538100002 ER PT J AU Steffens, A Finelli, L Whitaker, B Fowlkes, A AF Steffens, Andrea Finelli, Lyn Whitaker, Brett Fowlkes, Ashley TI Population-based Surveillance for Medically Attended Human Parainfluenza Viruses From the Influenza Incidence Surveillance Project, 2010-2014 SO PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASE JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE parainfluenza virus; population-based; surveillance; epidemiology; children ID RESPIRATORY SYNCYTIAL VIRUS; VIRAL-INFECTIONS; YOUNG-CHILDREN; CLINICAL PRESENTATION; UNITED-STATES; ILLNESS; EPIDEMIOLOGY; PATTERNS; HOSPITALIZATIONS; OUTPATIENTS AB Background: Parainfluenza viruses (PIV) have been shown to contribute substantially to pediatric hospitalizations in the United States. However, to date, there has been no systematic surveillance to estimate the burden among pediatric outpatients. Methods: From August 2010 through July 2014, outpatient health care providers with enumerated patient populations in 13 states and jurisdictions participating in the Influenza Incidence Surveillance Project conducted surveillance of patients with influenza-like illness (ILI). Respiratory specimens were collected from the first 10 ILI patients each week with demographic and clinical data. Specimens were tested for multiple respiratory viruses, including PIV1-4, using reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction assays. Cumulative incidence was calculated using provider patient population size as the denominator. Results: PIVs 1-3 were detected in 8.0% of 7716 ILI-related outpatient specimens: 30% were PIV1, 26% PIV2 and 44% PIV3. PIV circulation varied noticeably by year and type, with PIV3 predominating in 2010-2011 (incidence 110 per 100,000 children), PIV1 in 2011-2012 (89 per 100,000), dual predominance of PIV2 and PIV3 (88 and 131 per 100,000) in 20122013 and PIV3 (100 per 100,000) in 2013-2014. The highest incidence of PIV detections was among patients aged <5 years (259-1307 per 100,000). The median age at detection for PIV3 (3.4 years) was significantly lower than the median ages for PIV1 (4.5 years) and PIV2 (7.0 years; P < 0.05). Conclusions: PIVs 1-3 comprise a substantial amount of medically attended pediatric ILI, particularly among children aged < 5 years. Distinct seasonal circulation patterns as well as significant differences in rates by age were observed between PIV types. C1 [Steffens, Andrea; Finelli, Lyn; Fowlkes, Ashley] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Atlanta, GA USA. [Whitaker, Brett] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Steffens, A (reprint author), 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop A-32, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM asteffens@cdc.gov FU Council of State and Territorial epidemiologists from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [5U38HM000414-04] FX This work was supported by the Council of State and Territorial epidemiologists (cooperative agreement 5U38HM000414-04 from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention). The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The use of trade names is for identification only and does not imply endorsement by the Department of Health and Human Services or the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The authors have no conflicts of interest or funding to disclose. NR 26 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 0891-3668 EI 1532-0987 J9 PEDIATR INFECT DIS J JI Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 35 IS 7 BP 717 EP 722 DI 10.1097/INF.0000000000001140 PG 6 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics GA DQ6VY UT WOS:000379344800006 PM 26974891 ER PT J AU Shah, MP Tate, JE Steiner, CA Parashar, UD AF Shah, Minesh P. Tate, Jacqueline E. Steiner, Claudia A. Parashar, Umesh D. TI Decline in Emergency Department Visits for Acute Gastroenteritis Among Children in 10 US States After Implementation of Rotavirus Vaccination, 2003 to 2013 SO PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASE JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE rotavirus; gastroenteritis; diarrhea; rotavirus vaccines; utilization ID UNITED-STATES; HOSPITALIZATIONS; VACCINES; DIARRHEA; PROGRAM; PENTAVALENT; NOROVIRUS; EFFICACY; INFANTS; DISEASE AB Background: Rotavirus vaccination of all infants began in the United States in 2006. Although the effect of vaccination on childhood hospitalizations for rotavirus has been well described, the effects of rotavirus vaccine on emergency department (ED) visits are less well documented. Methods: Using the State Emergency Department Databases for 10 US states, we compared the rates of gastroenteritis-and rotavirus-coded ED visits among children <5 years of age in prevaccine (2003 to 2006) with those in postvaccine (2008-2013) years; 2007 was excluded as a transition year. We analyzed ED visit rates by age group, sex, race and rotavirus season. Results: The prevaccine annual gastroenteritis-coded ED visit rate among children <5 years of age of 426 per 10,000 (annual range, 396-477 per 10,000) declined to 382 per 10,000 in postvaccine years, a 10.3% (+/- 0.3%, P < 0.0001) rate reduction overall. Compared with prevaccine years, annual ED visit rates for gastroenteritis decreased by 6.5% (+/- 0.6%) in 2008, 12.3% (+/- 0.6%) in 2010, 14.8% (+/- 0.5%) in 2011, 20.4% (+/- 0.5%) in 2012 and 10.1% (+/- 0.6%) in 2013; a small increase of 1.8% (+/- 0.6%) was seen in 2009 (P < 0.0001 for all individual comparisons). Declines were similar by sex and race and were greater in children <2 years of age (range 14.1%-20.6%, P < 0.0001) than in older children (increase of 3.3% +/- 0.6%, P < 0.0001). A decline of 21.2% (+/- 0.4%, P < 0.0001) in ED visits was seen during the rotavirus season months from January through June versus an increase of 9.5% (+/- 0.6%, P < 0.0001) during July to December. ED visits specifically coded for rotavirus showed more prominent declines than for all gastroenteritis. Conclusions: ED visits for gastroenteritis in US children have declined since the introduction of rotavirus vaccine. C1 [Shah, Minesh P.; Tate, Jacqueline E.; Parashar, Umesh D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Shah, Minesh P.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Off Publ Hlth Sci Serv, Atlanta, GA USA. [Steiner, Claudia A.] Agcy Healthcare Res & Qual, Ctr Delivery Org & Markets, Rockville, MD USA. RP Shah, MP (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,M-S A-34, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM mpshah@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 30 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 0891-3668 EI 1532-0987 J9 PEDIATR INFECT DIS J JI Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 35 IS 7 BP 782 EP 786 DI 10.1097/INF.0000000000001175 PG 5 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics GA DQ6VY UT WOS:000379344800018 PM 27088585 ER PT J AU Nelson, CA Farina, MA Olson, D Dominguez, SR McFarland, EJ AF Nelson, Christina A. Farina, Mark A. Olson, Daniel Dominguez, Samuel R. McFarland, Elizabeth J. TI Visual Diagnosis 19-year-old Boy with Syncope and Bradycardia SO PEDIATRICS IN REVIEW LA English DT Editorial Material ID LYME CARDITIS C1 [Nelson, Christina A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Dis, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Farina, Mark A.] Childrens Hosp Colorado, Div Pediat Cardiol, Aurora, CO USA. [Olson, Daniel; Dominguez, Samuel R.; McFarland, Elizabeth J.] Childrens Hosp Colorado, Dept Pediat Infect Dis, Aurora, CO USA. [Olson, Daniel; Dominguez, Samuel R.; McFarland, Elizabeth J.] Univ Colorado, Sch Med, Aurora, CO USA. RP Nelson, CA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Dis, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD,, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 USA SN 0191-9601 EI 1526-3347 J9 PEDIATR REV JI Pediatr. Rev. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 37 IS 7 BP E25 EP E28 DI 10.1542/pir.2015-0121 PG 4 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA DR1IJ UT WOS:000379658900001 PM 27368365 ER PT J AU Burger, EA Lee, K Saraiya, M Thompson, TD Chesson, HW Markowitz, LE Kim, JJ AF Burger, Emily A. Lee, Kyueun Saraiya, Mona Thompson, Trevor D. Chesson, Harrell W. Markowitz, Lauri E. Kim, Jane J. TI Racial and ethnic disparities in human papillomavirus-associated cancer burden with first-generation and second-generation human papillomavirus vaccines SO CANCER LA English DT Article DE health status disparities; human papillomavirus; neoplasms; vaccines ID UNITED-STATES; CERVICAL-CANCER; VACCINATION COVERAGE; HPV VACCINATION; HEALTH; METAANALYSIS; ACCESS; WOMEN; CARE AB BACKGROUNDIn the United States, the burden of human papillomavirus (HPV)-associated cancers varies by racial/ethnic group. HPV vaccination may provide opportunities for primary prevention of these cancers. Herein, the authors projected changes in HPV-associated cancer burden among racial/ethnic groups under various coverage assumptions with the available first-generation and second-generation HPV vaccines to evaluate changes in racial/ethnic disparities. METHODSCancer-specific mathematical models simulated the burden of 6 HPV-associated cancers. Model parameters, informed using national registries and epidemiological studies, reflected sex-specific, age-specific, and racial/ethnic-specific heterogeneities in HPV type distribution, cancer incidence, stage of disease at detection, and mortality. Model outcomes included the cumulative lifetime risks of developing and dying of 6 HPV-associated cancers. The level of racial/ethnic disparities was evaluated under each alternative HPV vaccine scenario using several metrics of social group disparity. RESULTSHPV vaccination is expected to reduce the risks of developing and dying of HPV-associated cancers in all racial/ethnic groups as well as reduce the absolute degree of disparities. However, alternative metrics suggested that relative disparities would persist and in some scenarios worsen. For example, when assuming high uptake with the second-generation HPV vaccine, the lifetime risk of dying of an HPV-associated cancer for males decreased by approximately 60%, yet the relative disparity increased from 3.0 to 3.9. CONCLUSIONSHPV vaccines are expected to reduce the overall burden of HPV-associated cancers for all racial/ethnic groups and to reduce the absolute disparity gap. However, even with the second-generation vaccine, relative disparities will likely still exist and may widen if the underlying causes of these disparities remain unaddressed. Cancer 2016;122:2057-66. (c) 2016 American Cancer Society. Human papillomavirus vaccines are expected to reduce the overall burden of human papillomavirus-associated cancers for all racial/ethnic groups as well as reduce the absolute disparity gap. However, even with improved coverage with the second-generation vaccine, relative racial/ethnic disparities will likely still exist and may widen if the underlying causes of these disparities remain unaddressed. C1 [Burger, Emily A.; Lee, Kyueun; Kim, Jane J.] Harvard Univ, Harvard TH Chan Sch Publ Hlth, Ctr Hlth Decis Sci, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Burger, Emily A.] Univ Oslo, Inst Hlth & Soc, Dept Hlth Management & Hlth Econ, N-0316 Oslo, Norway. [Lee, Kyueun] Stanford Univ, Dept Hlth Res & Policy, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Saraiya, Mona; Thompson, Trevor D.; Chesson, Harrell W.; Markowitz, Lauri E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Burger, EA (reprint author), Harvard TH Chan Sch Publ Hlth, Ctr Hlth Decis Sci, 718 Huntington Ave,2nd Fl, Boston, MA 02115 USA. EM eburger@hsph.harvard.edu FU National Cancer Institute of the National Institutes of Health [R01CA160744] FX Supported by the National Cancer Institute of the National Institutes of Health (R01CA160744; Principal Investigator: Kim). The funder did not have any role in the design and conduct of the study; collection, management, analysis, and interpretation of the data; and preparation, review, or approval of the manuscript. NR 20 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 4 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0008-543X EI 1097-0142 J9 CANCER-AM CANCER SOC JI Cancer PD JUL 1 PY 2016 VL 122 IS 13 BP 2057 EP 2066 DI 10.1002/cncr.30007 PG 10 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA DQ3XS UT WOS:000379137900015 PM 27124396 ER PT J AU Cross, KE Mercante, JW Benitez, AJ Brown, EW Diaz, MH Winchell, JM AF Cross, Kristen E. Mercante, Jeffrey W. Benitez, Alvaro J. Brown, Ellen W. Diaz, Maureen H. Winchell, Jonas M. TI Simultaneous detection of Legionella species and L. anisa, L. bozemanii, L. longbeachae and L. micdadei using conserved primers and multiple probes in a multiplex real-time PCR assay SO DIAGNOSTIC MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASE LA English DT Article DE Legionella; Multiplex real-time PCR; Legionella anisa; Legionella bozemanii; Legionella longbeachae; Legionella micdadei ID COMMUNITY-ACQUIRED PNEUMONIA; LEGIONNAIRES-DISEASE; MYCOPLASMA-PNEUMONIAE; CHLAMYDIA-PNEUMONIAE; MIP GENE; PNEUMOPHILA; INFECTION; SURVEILLANCE; DIAGNOSIS; OUTBREAK AB Legionnaires' disease is a severe respiratory disease that is estimated to cause between 8,000 and 18,000 hospitalizations each year, though the exact burden is unknown due to under-utilization of diagnostic testing. Although Legionella pneumophila is the most common species detected in clinical cases (80-90%), other species have also been reported to cause disease. However, little is known about Legionnaires' disease caused by these non-pneumophila species. We designed a multiplex real-time PCR assay for detection of all Legionella spp. and simultaneous specific identification of four clinically-relevant Legionella species, L. anisa, L. bozemanii, L longbeachae, and L micdadei, using 5'-hydrolysis probe real-time PCR. The analytical sensitivity for detection of nucleic acid from each target species was <= 50 fg per reaction. We demonstrated the utility of this assay in spiked human sputum specimens. This assay could serve as a tool for understanding the scope and impact of non-pneumophila Legionella species in human disease. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Cross, Kristen E.; Mercante, Jeffrey W.; Benitez, Alvaro J.; Brown, Ellen W.; Diaz, Maureen H.; Winchell, Jonas M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Div Bacterial Dis, Resp Dis Branch,Pneumonia Response & Surveillance, 1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Cross, Kristen E.] Univ Michigan, Sch Med, Ann Arbor, MI USA. RP Winchell, JM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Div Bacterial Dis, Resp Dis Branch,Pneumonia Response & Surveillance, 1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM zdx2@cdc.gov NR 39 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0732-8893 EI 1879-0070 J9 DIAGN MICR INFEC DIS JI Diagn. Microbiol. Infect. Dis. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 85 IS 3 BP 295 EP 301 DI 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2016.03.022 PG 7 WC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA DQ1MM UT WOS:000378965100004 PM 27107536 ER PT J AU Moorman, AC Tong, X Spradling, PR Rupp, LB Gordon, SC Lu, M Teshale, EH Boscarino, JA Trinacty, CM Schmidt, MA Xu, FJ Holmberg, SD AF Moorman, Anne C. Tong, Xin Spradling, Philip R. Rupp, Loralee B. Gordon, Stuart C. Lu, Mei Teshale, Eyasu H. Boscarino, Joseph A. Trinacty, Connie M. Schmidt, Mark A. Xu, Fujie Holmberg, Scott D. TI Prevalence of Renal Impairment and Associated Conditions Among HCV-Infected Persons in the Chronic Hepatitis Cohort Study (CHeCS) SO DIGESTIVE DISEASES AND SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE Hepatitis C; Renal disease; Glomerular filtration rate; Hepatic fibrosis ID CHRONIC KIDNEY-DISEASE; C VIRUS-INFECTION; UNITED-STATES; PROGRESSION; SURVIVAL; DIALYSIS; MARKERS; SAFETY; RISK AB Guidelines for the treatment of HCV-infected persons were updated in August 2015 with new recommendations for patients with renal impairment. Treatment is imperative for patients with severe, renal-associated extrahepatic manifestations of HCV infection. We sought to describe the prevalence of these conditions among current HCV-infected patients in a population-based prospective, observational cohort study at four large US health systems. Data from cohort patients with chronic HCV infection during 2012 were analyzed for the period from 2006 to 2013. We determined the prevalence of mild to moderately impaired renal function defined as having the most recent estimated glomerular filtration rate [eGFR] a parts per thousand currency sign 80 ml/min/1.73 m(2), with severe impairment defined as eGFR < 30 ml/min/1.73 m(2), based on the treatment guidelines. Prevalence of extrahepatic conditions was ascertained using ICD9-codes. Among 5772 persons, the prevalence of eGFR a parts per thousand currency sign 80 was 33 % and eGFR < 30 was 2 %, including among patients with hepatic fibrosis. Diagnosed extrahepatic renal manifestations were rare: vasculitis- 0.2 %, nephrotic syndrome- 0.3 %, and cryoglobulinemia- 0.9 %. While the prevalence of severe renal impairment and diagnosed extrahepatic manifestations was low, mild-to-moderate renal impairment was common in HCV patients, including those with advanced liver fibrosis for whom the need for treatment is urgent. C1 [Moorman, Anne C.; Tong, Xin; Spradling, Philip R.; Teshale, Eyasu H.; Xu, Fujie; Holmberg, Scott D.] CDC, Div Viral Hepatitis, Mailstop G-37, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Rupp, Loralee B.; Gordon, Stuart C.; Lu, Mei] Henry Ford Hlth Syst, 2799 West Grand Blvd, Detroit, MI USA. [Boscarino, Joseph A.] Geisinger Hlth Syst, Geisinger Ctr Hlth Res, 100 N Acad Ave, Danville, PA 17822 USA. [Trinacty, Connie M.] Kaiser Permanente Hawaii, Kaiser Permanente Ctr Hlth Res, 501 Alakawa St,Suite 201, Honolulu, HI 96817 USA. [Schmidt, Mark A.] Kaiser Permanente Northwest, Ctr Hlth Res Northwest, 3800 N Interstate Ave, Portland, OR 97227 USA. RP Moorman, AC (reprint author), CDC, Div Viral Hepatitis, Mailstop G-37, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM Amoorman@cdc.gov FU CDC Foundation; AbbVie; Genentech, A Member of the Roche Group; Gilead Sciences; Janssen Pharmaceuticals, Inc.; Vertex Pharmaceuticals; Bristol-Myers Squibb; Henry Ford Health System FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the assistance of Jerry Yee, MD, Division Head, Nephrology and Hypertension, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit MI. The CHeCS Investigators include the following investigators and sites: Scott D. Holmberg, Eyasu H. Teshale, Philip R. Spradling, Anne C. Moorman, Jim Xing, and Yuna Zhong, Division of Viral Hepatitis, National Centers for HIV, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention (NCHHSTP), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, Georgia; Stuart C. Gordon, David R. Nerenz, Mei Lu, Lois Lamerato, Jia Li, Loralee B. Rupp, Nonna Akkerman, Nancy Oja-Tebbe, Yueren Zhou, and Talan Zhang, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Michigan; Joseph A. Boscarino, Zahra S. Daar, Robert E. Smith and Meredith Lewis, Center for Health Research, Geisinger Health System, Danville, Pennsylvania; Connie Mah Trinacity, Yihe G. Daida, and Carmen P. Wong, The Center for Health Research, Kaiser Permanente-Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii; Mark A. Schmidt, Judy L. Donald, and Erin M. Keast, The Center for Health Research, Kaiser Permanente-Northwest, Portland, OR. Financial support: CHeCS was funded through 2015 by the CDC Foundation, which received grants from AbbVie; Genentech, A Member of the Roche Group; Gilead Sciences; Janssen Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and Vertex Pharmaceuticals. Past partial funders include Bristol-Myers Squibb. Currently CHeCS is funded by the Henry Ford Health System, which receives grants from Gilead Sciences. Granting corporations do not have access to CHeCS data and do not contribute to data analysis or writing of manuscripts. NR 27 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0163-2116 EI 1573-2568 J9 DIGEST DIS SCI JI Dig. Dis. Sci. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 61 IS 7 BP 2087 EP 2093 DI 10.1007/s10620-016-4199-x PG 7 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA DQ2EA UT WOS:000379013300039 PM 27216163 ER PT J AU Calafat, AM Baker, SE Wong, LY Bishop, AM Morales-A, P Valentin-Blasini, L AF Calafat, Antonia M. Baker, Samuel E. Wong, Lee-Yang Bishop, Amanda M. Morales-A, Pilar Valentin-Blasini, Liza TI Novel exposure biomarkers of N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide (DEET): Data from the 2007-2010 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey SO ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article DE Biomonitoring; Exposure assessment; Human urine; Insect repellent; NHANES ID INSECT REPELLENT; ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMICALS; HUMAN METABOLISM; VOLUNTEERS; SUNSCREEN; EXCRETION; PHTHALATE; URINE; RISK AB Background: N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide (DEET) is a widely used insect repellent in the United States. Objectives: To assess exposure to DEET in a representative sample of persons 6 years and older in the U.S. general population from the 2007-2010 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Methods: We analyzed 5348 urine samples by using online solid-phase extraction coupled to isotope dilution high -performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. We used regression models to examine associations of various demographic parameters with urinary concentrations of DEET biomarkers. Results: We detected DEET in -3% of samples and at concentration ranges (>0.08 mu g/L-45.1 mu g/L) much lower than those of 3-(diethylcarbamoyl)benzoic acid (DCBA) (>0.48 mu g/L-30,400 mu g/L) and N,N-diethyl-3-hydroxymethylbenzamide (DHMB) (>0.09 mu g/L-332 g/L). DCBA was the most frequently detected metabolite (similar to 84%). Regardless of survey cycle and the person's race/ethnicity or income, adjusted geometric mean concentrations of DCBA were higher in May-Sep than in Oct-Apr. Furthermore, non-Hispanic whites in the warm season were more likely than in the colder months [adjusted odds ratio (OR) = 10.83; 95% confidence interval (CI), 3.28-35.79j and more likely than non-Hispanic blacks (OR = 3.45; 95% CI, 1.51-7.87) to have DCBA concentrations above the 95th percentile. Conclusions: The general U.S. population, including school-age children, is exposed to DEET. However, reliance on DEET as the sole urinary biomarker would likely underestimate the prevalence of exposure. Instead, oxidative metabolites of DEET are the most adequate exposure biomarkers. Differences by season of the year based on demographic variables including race/ethnicity likely reflect different lifestyle uses of DEET-containing products. Published by Elsevier Ltd C1 [Calafat, Antonia M.; Baker, Samuel E.; Wong, Lee-Yang; Bishop, Amanda M.; Morales-A, Pilar; Valentin-Blasini, Liza] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sci Lab, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, 4770 Buford Hwy, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Morales-A, Pilar] Battelle Mem Inst, 2987 Clairmont Rd,Suite 450, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. RP Calafat, AM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Div Sci Lab, 4770 Buford Hwy NE,Mailstop F17, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM Acalafat@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services FX We thank Charles Chambers for technical assistance. This work was supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. NR 34 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 5 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0160-4120 EI 1873-6750 J9 ENVIRON INT JI Environ. Int. PD JUL-AUG PY 2016 VL 92-93 BP 398 EP 404 DI 10.1016/j.envint.2016.04.021 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA DQ1HI UT WOS:000378951700042 PM 27138630 ER PT J AU Morgan, DJ Croft, LD Deloney, V Popovich, KJ Crnich, C Srinivasan, A Fishman, NO Bryant, K Cosgrove, SE Leekha, S AF Morgan, Daniel J. Croft, Lindsay D. Deloney, Valerie Popovich, Kyle J. Crnich, Chris Srinivasan, Arjun Fishman, Neil O. Bryant, Kristina Cosgrove, Sara E. Leekha, Surbhi TI Choosing Wisely in Healthcare Epidemiology and Antimicrobial Stewardship SO INFECTION CONTROL AND HOSPITAL EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CLOSTRIDIUM-DIFFICILE INFECTION; POLICY STATEMENT; MEDICINE; PHYSICIANS; COLLEGE; SOCIETY; LIST AB OBJECTIVE. To identify Choosing Wisely items for the American Board of Internal Medicine Foundation. METHODS. The Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America (SHEA) elicited potential items from a hospital epidemiology listserv, SHEA committee members, and a SHEA Infectious Diseases Society of America compendium with SHEA Research Network members ranking items by Delphi method voting. The SHEA Guidelines Committee reviewed the top 10 items for appropriateness for Choosing Wisely. Five final recommendations were approved via individual member vote by committees and the SHEA Board. RESULTS. Ninety-six items were proposed by 87 listserv members and 99 SHEA committee members. Top 40 items were ranked by 24 committee members and 64 of 226 SHEA Research Network members. The 5 final recommendations follow: 1. Don't continue antibiotics beyond 72 hours in hospitalized patients unless patient has clear evidence of infection. 2. Avoid invasive devices (including central venous catheters, endotracheal tubes, and urinary catheters)and, if required, use no longer than necessary. They pose a major risk for infections. 3. Don't perform urinalysis, urine culture, blood culture, or Clostridium difficile testing unless patients have signs or symptoms of infection. Tests can be falsely positive leading to overdiagnosis and overtreatment. 4. Do not use antibiotics in patients with recent C. difficile without convincing evidence of need. Antibiotics pose a high risk of C. difficile recurrence. 5. Don't continue surgical prophylactic antibiotics after the patient has left the operating room. Five runner-up recommendations are included. CONCLUSIONS. These 5 SHEA Choosing Wisely and 5 runner-up items limit medical overuse. C1 [Morgan, Daniel J.; Croft, Lindsay D.; Leekha, Surbhi] Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Dept Epidemiol & Publ Hlth, 685 W Baltimore St,MSTF 334, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. [Morgan, Daniel J.] Vet Affairs Maryland Hlth Care Syst, Dept Hosp Epidemiol, Baltimore, MD USA. [Morgan, Daniel J.] Ctr Dis Dynam Econ & Policy, Washington, DC USA. [Deloney, Valerie] Soc Healthcare Epidemiol Amer, Arlington, VA USA. [Popovich, Kyle J.] Rush Univ, Div Infect Dis, Med Ctr, Dept Med, Chicago, IL 60612 USA. [Popovich, Kyle J.] John H Stroger Jr Hosp Cook Cty, Div Infect Dis, Dept Med, Chicago, IL USA. [Crnich, Chris] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis, Sch Med & Publ Hlth, Madison, WI USA. [Crnich, Chris] William S Middleton Vet Affairs Hosp, Madison, WI USA. [Srinivasan, Arjun] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Fishman, Neil O.] Univ Penn Hlth Syst, Dept Med, Philadelphia, PA USA. [Bryant, Kristina] Univ Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292 USA. [Cosgrove, Sara E.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD USA. RP Morgan, DJ (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Dept Epidemiol & Publ Hlth, 685 W Baltimore St,MSTF 334, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. EM dmorgan@epi.umaryland.edu NR 36 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 3 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0899-823X EI 1559-6834 J9 INFECT CONT HOSP EP JI Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 37 IS 7 BP 755 EP 760 DI 10.1017/ice.2016.61 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA DQ3KL UT WOS:000379101100002 PM 27019058 ER PT J AU See, I Chang, J Gualandi, N Buser, GL Rohrbach, P Smeltz, DA Bellush, MJ Coffin, SE Gould, JM Hess, D Hennessey, P Hubbard, S Kiernan, A O'Donnell, J Pegues, DA Miller, JR Magill, SS AF See, Isaac Chang, Julia Gualandi, Nicole Buser, Genevieve L. Rohrbach, Pamela Smeltz, Debra A. Bellush, Mary Jo Coffin, Susan E. Gould, Jane M. Hess, Debra Hennessey, Patricia Hubbard, Sydney Kiernan, Andrea O'Donnell, Judith Pegues, David A. Miller, Jeffrey R. Magill, Shelley S. TI Clinical Correlates of Surveillance Events Detected by National Healthcare Safety Network Pneumonia and Lower Respiratory Infection Definitions-Pennsylvania, 2011-2012 SO INFECTION CONTROL AND HOSPITAL EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID VENTILATOR-ASSOCIATED PNEUMONIA; MECHANICAL VENTILATION; TRACHEAL COLONIZATION; CRITERIA AB OBJECTIVE. To determine the clinical diagnoses associated with the National Healthcare Safety Network (NHSN) pneumonia (PNEU) or lower respiratory infection (LRI) surveillance events. DESIGN. Retrospective chart review. SETTING. A convenience sample of 8 acute-care hospitals in Pennsylvania. PATIENTS. All patients hospitalized during 2011-2012. METHODS. Medical records were reviewed from a random sample of patients reported to the NHSN to have PNEU or LRI, excluding adults with ventilator-associated PNEU. Documented clinical diagnoses corresponding temporally to the PNEU and LRI events were recorded. RESULTS. We reviewed 250 (30%) of 838 eligible PNEU and LRI events reported to the NHSN; 29 reported events (12%) fulfilled neither PNEU nor LRI case criteria. Differences interpreting radiology reports accounted for most misclassifications. Of 81 PNEU events in adults not on mechanical ventilation, 84% had clinician-diagnosed pneumonia; of these, 25% were attributed to aspiration. Of 43 adult LRI, 88% were in mechanically ventilated patients and 35% had no corresponding clinical diagnosis (infectious or noninfectious) documented at the time of LRI. Of 36 pediatric PNEU events, 72% were ventilator associated, and 70% corresponded to a clinical pneumonia diagnosis. Of 61 pediatric LRI patients, 84% were mechanically ventilated and 21% had no corresponding clinical diagnosis documented. CONCLUSIONS. In adults not on mechanical ventilation and in children, most NHSN-defined PNEU events corresponded with compatible clinical conditions documented in the medical record. In contrast, NHSN LRI events often did not. As a result, substantial modifications to the LRI definitions were implemented in 2015. C1 [See, Isaac; Gualandi, Nicole; Magill, Shelley S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. [See, Isaac; Buser, Genevieve L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Ctr Surveillance Epidemiol & Lab Serv, Atlanta, GA USA. [Chang, Julia] Univ Calif Los Angeles, David Geffen Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Buser, Genevieve L.] Oregon Hlth Author, Portland, OR USA. [Rohrbach, Pamela; Smeltz, Debra A.] Penn Dept Hlth, Harrisburg, PA 17108 USA. [Bellush, Mary Jo] Excela Hlth Westmoreland Hosp, Greensburg, PA USA. [Coffin, Susan E.; Hubbard, Sydney] Childrens Hosp Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Gould, Jane M.; Hennessey, Patricia; Kiernan, Andrea] St Christophers Hosp Children, Philadelphia, PA 19133 USA. [Hess, Debra] Lancaster Gen Hosp, Lancaster, PA USA. [O'Donnell, Judith] Penn Presbyterian Med Ctr, Philadelphia, PA USA. [Pegues, David A.] Univ Penn Hlth Syst, Philadelphia, PA USA. [Miller, Jeffrey R.] CDC, Off Publ Hlth Preparedness & Response, Penn Dept Hlth, Harrisburg, PA USA. RP See, I (reprint author), 1600 Clifton Rd,MS A-16, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM isee@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX This work was supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 15 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0899-823X EI 1559-6834 J9 INFECT CONT HOSP EP JI Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 37 IS 7 BP 818 EP 824 DI 10.1017/ice.2016.74 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA DQ3KL UT WOS:000379101100011 PM 27072043 ER PT J AU Yi, SH Kallen, AJ Hess, S Bren, VR Lincoln, ME Downham, G Kelley, K Booth, SL Weirich, H Shugart, A Lines, C Melville, A Jernigan, JA Kleinbaum, DG Patel, PR AF Yi, Sarah H. Kallen, Alexander J. Hess, Sally Bren, Virginia R. Lincoln, Mary E. Downham, Gemma Kelley, Karen Booth, Stephanie L. Weirich, Heather Shugart, Alicia Lines, Christi Melville, Anna Jernigan, John A. Kleinbaum, David G. Patel, Priti R. TI Sustained Infection Reduction in Outpatient Hemodialysis Centers Participating in a Collaborative Bloodstream Infection Prevention Effort SO INFECTION CONTROL AND HOSPITAL EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID INTERRUPTED TIME-SERIES AB Among dialysis facilities participating in a bloodstream infection (BSI) prevention collaborative, access-related BSI incidence rate improvements observed immediately following implementation of a bundle of BSI prevention interventions were sustained for up to 4 years. Overall, BSI incidence remained unchanged from baseline in the current analysis. C1 [Yi, Sarah H.; Kallen, Alexander J.; Shugart, Alicia; Lines, Christi; Melville, Anna; Jernigan, John A.; Kleinbaum, David G.; Patel, Priti R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. [Hess, Sally] Univ Vermont, Med Ctr, Burlington, VT USA. [Bren, Virginia R.] Altru Hlth Syst, Grand Forks, ND USA. [Lincoln, Mary E.] Mercy Dialysis Ctr, Clinton, IA USA. [Downham, Gemma] AtlantiCare Reg Med Ctr, Atlantic City, NJ USA. [Kelley, Karen; Booth, Stephanie L.] Upper Peninsula Hlth Syst Portage Dialysis, Hancock, MI USA. [Kleinbaum, David G.] Emory Univ, Dept Epidemiol, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. RP Yi, SH (reprint author), 1600 Clifton Rd,MS A-16, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM sarahyi@cdc.gov NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0899-823X EI 1559-6834 J9 INFECT CONT HOSP EP JI Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 37 IS 7 BP 863 EP 866 DI 10.1017/ice.2016.22 PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA DQ3KL UT WOS:000379101100020 PM 26868605 ER PT J AU Tinoco, YO Azziz-Baumgartner, E Razuri, H Kasper, MR Romero, C Ortiz, E Gomez, J Widdowson, MA Uyeki, TM Gilman, RH Bausch, DG Montgomery, JM AF Tinoco, Yeny O. Azziz-Baumgartner, Eduardo Razuri, Hugo Kasper, Matthew R. Romero, Candice Ortiz, Ernesto Gomez, Jorge Widdowson, Marc-Alain Uyeki, Timothy M. Gilman, Robert H. Bausch, Daniel G. Montgomery, Joel M. CA Peru Influenza Cohorts Working Grp TI A population-based estimate of the economic burden of influenza in Peru, 2009-2010 SO INFLUENZA AND OTHER RESPIRATORY VIRUSES LA English DT Article DE Costs; healthcare economics; human influenza; population based; prevention and control ID HEALTH-CARE; SOCIOECONOMIC IMPACT; YOUNG-CHILDREN; MEDICAL COSTS; VACCINATION; ILLNESS; COMPLICATIONS; HOUSEHOLDS; INFECTION; DISEASE AB IntroductionInfluenza disease burden and economic impact data are needed to assess the potential value of interventions. Such information is limited from resource-limited settings. We therefore studied the cost of influenza in Peru. MethodsWe used data collected during June 2009-December 2010 from laboratory-confirmed influenza cases identified through a household cohort in Peru. We determined the self-reported direct and indirect costs of self-treatment, outpatient care, emergency ward care, and hospitalizations through standardized questionnaires. We recorded costs accrued 15-day from illness onset. Direct costs represented medication, consultation, diagnostic fees, and health-related expenses such as transportation and phone calls. Indirect costs represented lost productivity during days of illness by both cases and caregivers. We estimated the annual economic cost and the impact of a case of influenza on a household. ResultsThere were 1321 confirmed influenza cases, of which 47% sought health care. Participants with confirmed influenza illness paid a median of $13 [interquartile range (IQR) 5-26] for self-treatment, $19 (IQR 9-34) for ambulatory non-medical attended illness, $29 (IQR 14-51) for ambulatory medical attended illness, and $171 (IQR 113-258) for hospitalizations. Overall, the projected national cost of an influenza illness was $83-$85millions. Costs per influenza illness represented 14% of the monthly household income of the lowest income quartile (compared to 3% of the highest quartile). ConclusionInfluenza virus infection causes an important economic burden, particularly among the poorest families and those hospitalized. Prevention strategies such as annual influenza vaccination program targeting SAGE population at risk could reduce the overall economic impact of seasonal influenza. C1 [Tinoco, Yeny O.; Razuri, Hugo; Kasper, Matthew R.; Romero, Candice; Ortiz, Ernesto; Bausch, Daniel G.; Montgomery, Joel M.] US Naval Med Res Unit 6, Callao, Peru. [Tinoco, Yeny O.; Gilman, Robert H.] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA. [Azziz-Baumgartner, Eduardo; Widdowson, Marc-Alain; Uyeki, Timothy M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Atlanta, GA USA. [Gomez, Jorge] Minist Hlth, Gen Directorate Epidemiol, Lima, Peru. [Bausch, Daniel G.] Tulane Sch Publ Hlth & Trop Med, New Orleans, LA USA. [Montgomery, Joel M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global Dis Detect Int Emerging Infect Program, Nairobi, Kenya. RP Tinoco, YO (reprint author), US Embassy Lima, NAMRU 6, Ctr Med Naval, Ave Venezuela Cdra 36 S-N,Callao 2, Lima, Peru. EM ytinoco1@jhu.edu FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; National Institute of Health - Fogarty International Center; US DoD Global Emerging Infections Systems Grant [I0082_09_LI] FX The authors wish to acknowledge the influenza staff from each of the sites in Lima, Cuzco, Tumbes, and Madre de Dios; Maria Luisa Morales, Patricia Brena, Juan Perez, and Ruth Centeno of NAMRU-6 Data Entry Management Unit; the community members of San Juan de Miraflores, San Jacinto, San Jeronimo, and Puerto Maldonado districts. This work was supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the National Institute of Health - Fogarty International Center and the US DoD Global Emerging Infections Systems Grant Number I0082_09_LI. The Naval Medical Research Center participation was under Protocol NMRCD.2009.005 in compliance with all applicable Federal regulations governing the protection of human subjects. NR 37 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1750-2640 EI 1750-2659 J9 INFLUENZA OTHER RESP JI Influenza Other Respir. Viruses PD JUL PY 2016 VL 10 IS 4 BP 301 EP 309 DI 10.1111/irv.12357 PG 9 WC Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Infectious Diseases; Virology GA DQ2ZN UT WOS:000379072500006 PM 26547629 ER PT J AU Makokha, C Mott, J Njuguna, HN Khagayi, S Verani, JR Nyawanda, B Otieno, N Katz, MA AF Makokha, Caroline Mott, Joshua Njuguna, Henry N. Khagayi, Sammy Verani, Jennifer R. Nyawanda, Bryan Otieno, Nancy Katz, Mark A. TI Comparison of severe acute respiratory illness (sari) and clinical pneumonia case definitions for the detection of influenza virus infections among hospitalized patients, western Kenya, 2009-2013 SO INFLUENZA AND OTHER RESPIRATORY VIRUSES LA English DT Article ID REQUIRING HOSPITALIZATION; SURVEILLANCE; AFRICA; HEALTH AB Although the severe acute respiratory illness (SARI) case definition is increasingly used for inpatient influenza surveillance, pneumonia is a more familiar term to clinicians and policymakers. We evaluated WHO case definitions for severe acute respiratory illness (SARI) and pneumonia (Integrated Management of Childhood Illnesses (IMCI) for children aged <5 years and Integrated Management of Adolescent and Adult Illnesses (IMAI) for patients aged 13 years) for detecting laboratory-confirmed influenza among hospitalized ARI patients. Sensitivities were 84% for SARI and 69% for IMCI pneumonia in children aged <5 years and 60% for SARI and 57% for IMAI pneumonia in patients aged >= 13 years. Clinical pneumonia case definitions may be a useful complement to SARI for inpatient influenza surveillance. C1 [Makokha, Caroline; Khagayi, Sammy; Nyawanda, Bryan; Otieno, Nancy] Kenya Med Res Inst KEMRI, POB 1578, Kisumu 40100, Nyanza, Kenya. [Mott, Joshua; Njuguna, Henry N.; Verani, Jennifer R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Nairobi, Kenya. [Mott, Joshua; Verani, Jennifer R.; Katz, Mark A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Makokha, C (reprint author), Kenya Med Res Inst KEMRI, POB 1578, Kisumu 40100, Nyanza, Kenya. EM CMakokha@kemricdc.org FU CDC Influenza Program FX The authors thank study participants; field and laboratory staffs; Dr. Lillian Waiboci, Dorothy L. Southern for mentorship in manuscript writing; KEMRI for providing the surveillance platform; and CDC Influenza Program for funding the surveillance. NR 24 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1750-2640 EI 1750-2659 J9 INFLUENZA OTHER RESP JI Influenza Other Respir. Viruses PD JUL PY 2016 VL 10 IS 4 BP 333 EP 339 DI 10.1111/irv.12382 PG 7 WC Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Infectious Diseases; Virology GA DQ2ZN UT WOS:000379072500010 PM 27219455 ER PT J AU Descalzo, MA Clara, W Guzman, G Mena, R Armero, J Lara, B Saenz, C Aragon, A Chacon, R El-Omeiri, N Mendez-Rico, J Cerpa, M Palekar, R Jara, J Azziz-Baumgartner, E AF Descalzo, Miguel A. Clara, Wilfrido Guzman, Guiselle Mena, Ricardo Armero, Julio Lara, Bredy Saenz, Carlos Aragon, Anabela Chacon, Rafael El-Omeiri, Nathalie Mendez-Rico, Jairo Cerpa, Mauricio Palekar, Rakhee Jara, Jorge Azziz-Baumgartner, Eduardo TI Estimating the burden of influenza-associated hospitalizations and deaths in Central America SO INFLUENZA AND OTHER RESPIRATORY VIRUSES LA English DT Article DE America; burden of disease; hospitalizations; influenza; meta-analysis; mortality; multiplier model ID SEASONAL INFLUENZA; GLOBAL BURDEN; CHILDREN; VACCINATION; INFECTIONS; MORTALITY AB ObjectivesOur objective was to estimate the incidence of influenza-associated hospitalizations and in-hospital deaths in Central American Region. Design and settingWe used hospital discharge records, influenza surveillance virology data, and population projections collected from Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, and Nicaragua to estimate influenza-associated hospitalizations and in-hospital deaths. We performed a meta-analysis of influenza-associated hospitalizations and in-hospital deaths. Main outcome measuresThe highest annual incidence was observed among children aged <5 years (136 influenza-associated hospitalizations per 100 000 persons). ResultsAnnually, 7 625-11 289 influenza-associated hospitalizations and 352-594 deaths occurred in the subregion. ConclusionsOur results suggest that a substantive number of persons are annually hospitalized because of influenza. Health officials should estimate how many illnesses could be averted through increased influenza vaccination. C1 [Descalzo, Miguel A.; Aragon, Anabela; Chacon, Rafael; Jara, Jorge] UVG, Guatemala Ciudad, Guatemala. [Clara, Wilfrido] US CDC Reg Off Cent Amer Reg CDC CAR, Guatemala Ciudad, Guatemala. [Guzman, Guiselle] CCSS, San Jose, Costa Rica. [Mena, Ricardo] Minist Salud Publ & Asistencia Social Guatemala M, Guatemala Ciudad, Guatemala. [Armero, Julio] Minist Salud El Salvador MINSAL, San Salvador, El Salvador. [Lara, Bredy] Secretaria Salud Honduras, Tegucigalpa, Honduras. [Saenz, Carlos] Minist Salud Nicaragua MINSA, Managua, Nicaragua. [El-Omeiri, Nathalie; Mendez-Rico, Jairo; Cerpa, Mauricio; Palekar, Rakhee] Pan Amer Hlth Org, Washington, DC USA. [Palekar, Rakhee; Azziz-Baumgartner, Eduardo] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Descalzo, MA; Jara, J (reprint author), Univ Valle Guatemala, Ctr Estudios Salud, 18 Ave 11-95 Zona 15,Vista Hermosa 3, Guatemala City, Guatemala. EM descalzo.miguelangel@gmail.com; jjara@ces.uvg.edu.gt FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [1U01GH000028-04]; Universidad del Valle de Guatemala "Strengthening Infectious Disease Research Capacity for Public Health in Guatemala and Central America" [1U01GH000028-04] FX This work was supported by cooperative agreement between Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and Universidad del Valle de Guatemala "Strengthening Infectious Disease Research Capacity for Public Health in Guatemala and Central America" No. 1U01GH000028-04. NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1750-2640 EI 1750-2659 J9 INFLUENZA OTHER RESP JI Influenza Other Respir. Viruses PD JUL PY 2016 VL 10 IS 4 BP 340 EP 345 DI 10.1111/irv.12385 PG 6 WC Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Infectious Diseases; Virology GA DQ2ZN UT WOS:000379072500011 PM 26946216 ER PT J AU Payne, DC Sulemana, I Parashar, UD AF Payne, Daniel C. Sulemana, Iddrisu Parashar, Umesh D. CA New Vaccine Surveillance Network TI Evaluation of Effectiveness of Mixed Rotavirus Vaccine Course for Rotavirus Gastroenteritis SO JAMA PEDIATRICS LA English DT Letter ID CHILDREN; INFANTS C1 [Payne, Daniel C.; Sulemana, Iddrisu; Parashar, Umesh D.; New Vaccine Surveillance Network] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop A34, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. RP Payne, DC (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop A34, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM dvp6@cdc.gov NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 330 N WABASH AVE, STE 39300, CHICAGO, IL 60611-5885 USA SN 2168-6203 EI 2168-6211 J9 JAMA PEDIATR JI JAMA Pediatr. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 170 IS 7 BP 707 EP 710 DI 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2016.0014 PG 4 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA DQ2OK UT WOS:000379041800019 PM 27244539 ER PT J AU Arbogast, KB Curry, AE Pfeiffer, MR Zonfrillo, MR Haarbauer-Krupa, J Breiding, MJ Coronado, VG Master, CL AF Arbogast, Kristy B. Curry, Allison E. Pfeiffer, Melissa R. Zonfrillo, Mark R. Haarbauer-Krupa, Juliet Breiding, Matthew J. Coronado, Victor G. Master, Christina L. TI Point of Health Care Entry for Youth With Concussion Within a Large Pediatric Care Network SO JAMA PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article ID EMERGENCY-DEPARTMENT VISITS; MINOR HEAD-INJURY; UNITED-STATES; FOOTBALL PLAYERS; CHILDREN; SPORTS; EPIDEMIOLOGY; ADOLESCENTS; TRENDS AB IMPORTANCE Previous epidemiologic research on concussions has primarily been limited to patient populations presenting to sport concussion clinics or to emergency departments (EDs) and to those high school age or older. By examining concussion visits across an entire pediatric health care network, a better estimate of the scope of the problem can be obtained. OBJECTIVE To comprehensively describe point of entry for children with concussion, overall and by relevant factors including age, sex, race/ethnicity, and payor, to quantify where children initially seek care for this injury. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS In this descriptive epidemiologic study, data were collected from primary care, specialty care, ED, urgent care, and inpatient settings. The initial concussion-related visit was selected and variation in the initial health care location (primary care, specialty care, ED, or hospital) was examined in relation to relevant variables. All patients aged 0 to 17 years who received their primary care from The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia's (CHOP) network and had 1 or more in-person clinical visits for concussion in the CHOP unified electronic health record (EHR) system (July 1, 2010, to June 30, 2014) were selected. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Frequency of initial concussion visits at each type of health care location. Concussion visits in the EHR were defined based on International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification diagnosis codes indicative of concussion. RESULTS A total of 8083 patients were included (median age, 13 years; interquartile range, 10-15 years). Overall, 81.9% (95% CI, 81.1%-82.8%; n = 6624) had their first visit at CHOP within primary care, 5.2%(95% CI, 4.7%-5.7%; n = 418) within specialty care, and 11.7%(95% CI, 11.0%-12.4%; n = 947) within the ED. Health care entry varied by age: 52%(191/368) of children aged 0 to 4 years entered CHOP via the ED, whereas more than three-quarters of those aged 5 to 17 years entered via primary care (5-11 years: 1995/2492; 12-14 years: 2415/2820; and 15-17 years: 2056/2403). Insurance status also influenced the pattern of health care use, with more Medicaid patients using the ED for concussion care (478/1290 Medicaid patients [37%] used the ED vs 435/6652 private patients [7%] and 34/141 self-pay patients [24%]). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE The findings suggest estimates of concussion incidence based solely on ED visits underestimate the burden of injury, highlight the importance of the primary care setting in concussion care management, and demonstrate the potential for EHR systems to advance research in this area. C1 [Arbogast, Kristy B.; Curry, Allison E.; Pfeiffer, Melissa R.; Zonfrillo, Mark R.] Childrens Hosp Philadelphia, Ctr Injury Res & Prevent, 3535 Market St,Ste 1150, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Arbogast, Kristy B.; Zonfrillo, Mark R.; Master, Christina L.] Univ Penn, Perelman Sch Med, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Haarbauer-Krupa, Juliet; Breiding, Matthew J.; Coronado, Victor G.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA USA. [Master, Christina L.] Childrens Hosp Philadelphia, Sports Med & Performance Ctr, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RP Arbogast, KB (reprint author), Childrens Hosp Philadelphia, Ctr Injury Res & Prevent, 3535 Market St,Ste 1150, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. EM arbogast@email.chop.edu FU US Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC); Children's Hospital of Philadelphia FX This research was supported by an intergovernmental personnel act agreement between the US Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia. NR 32 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 3 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 330 N WABASH AVE, STE 39300, CHICAGO, IL 60611-5885 USA SN 2168-6203 EI 2168-6211 J9 JAMA PEDIATR JI JAMA Pediatr. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 170 IS 7 AR e160294 DI 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2016.0294 PG 8 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA DQ2OK UT WOS:000379041800002 PM 27244368 ER PT J AU Bouthry, E Furione, M Huzly, D Ogee-Nwankwo, A Hao, LJ Adebayo, A Icenogle, J Sarasini, A Revello, MG Grangeot-Keros, L Vauloup-Fellous, C AF Bouthry, Elise Furione, Milena Huzly, Daniela Ogee-Nwankwo, Adaeze Hao, LiJuan Adebayo, Adebola Icenogle, Joseph Sarasini, Antonella Revello, Maria Grazia Grangeot-Keros, Liliane Vauloup-Fellous, Christelle TI Assessing Immunity to Rubella Virus: a Plea for Standardization of IgG (Immuno)assays SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID IMMUNOASSAYS; ANTIBODY; ILLNESS; LEVEL; ASSAY AB Immunity to rubella virus (RV) is commonly determined by measuring specific immunoglobulin G (RV IgG). However, RV IgG results and their interpretation may vary, depending on the immunoassay, even though most commercial immunoassays (CIAs) have been calibrated against an international standard and results are reported in international units per milliliter. A panel of 322 sera collected from pregnant women that tested negative or equivocal for RV IgG in a prior test (routine screening) was selected. This panel was tested with two reference tests, immunoblotting (IB) and neutralization (Nt), and with 8 CIAs widely used in Europe. IB and Nt gave concordant results on 267/322 (82.9%) sera. Of these, 85 (26.4%) sera were negative and 182 (56.5%) sera were positive for both tests. All 85 IB/Nt-negative samples were classified as negative with all CIAs. Of the 182 IB/Nt-positive samples, 25.3 to 61.5% were classified as equivocal and 6 to 64.8% were classified as positive with the CIAs. Wide variations in titers in international units per milliliter were observed. In our series, more than half of the women considered susceptible to RV based on CIA results tested positive for RV antibodies by IB/Nt. Our data suggest that (i) sensitivity of CIAs could be increased by considering equivocal results as positive and (ii) the definition of immunity to RV as the 10-IU/ml usual cutoff as well as the use of quantitative results for clinical decisions may warrant reconsideration. A better standardization of CIAs for RV IgG determination is needed. C1 [Bouthry, Elise; Grangeot-Keros, Liliane; Vauloup-Fellous, Christelle] Univ Paris Sud, Grp Hosp Univ Paris Sud, Hop Paul Brousse,INSERM,U1193, AP HP,Virol,WHO Rubella NRL,Natl Reference Lab Ma, Villejuif, France. [Furione, Milena; Sarasini, Antonella] Fdn IRCCS Policlin San Matteo, SC Microbiol & Virol, Pavia, Italy. [Huzly, Daniela] Univ Med Ctr Freiburg, Inst Virol, Freiburg, Germany. [Ogee-Nwankwo, Adaeze; Hao, LiJuan; Adebayo, Adebola; Icenogle, Joseph] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Measles Mumps Rubella & Herpesvirus Lab Branch, Div Viral, Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Revello, Maria Grazia] Fdn IRCCS Policlin San Matteo, SC Ostetr & Ginecol, Pavia, Italy. RP Vauloup-Fellous, C (reprint author), Univ Paris Sud, Grp Hosp Univ Paris Sud, Hop Paul Brousse,INSERM,U1193, AP HP,Virol,WHO Rubella NRL,Natl Reference Lab Ma, Villejuif, France.; Furione, M (reprint author), Fdn IRCCS Policlin San Matteo, SC Microbiol & Virol, Pavia, Italy. EM m.furione@smatteo.pv.it; christelle.vauloup@aphp.fr OI Milena, Furione/0000-0001-7328-1454 NR 18 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 2 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 EI 1098-660X J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 54 IS 7 BP 1720 EP 1725 DI 10.1128/JCM.00383-16 PG 6 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA DP6WZ UT WOS:000378641600010 PM 27147722 ER PT J AU Kunz, CDRJ Cooley, LCDRL AF Kunz, C. D. R. Jasen Cooley, L. C. D. R. Laura TI Preventing Legionnaires' Disease: Environmental Health Expertise Is Key SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; SURVEILLANCE AB NEHA strives to provide up-to-date and relevant information on environmental health and to build partnerships in the profession. In pursuit of these goals, we feature a column from the Environmental Health Services Branch (EHSB) of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in every issue of the Journal. In these columns, EHSB and guest authors share insights and information about environmental health programs, trends, issues, and resources. The conclusions in this article are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily represent the views of CDC. CDR Jasen Kunz is an environmental health subject matter expert for Legionnaires' disease at CDC's National Center for Environmental Health/EHSB. LCDR Laura Cooley is an epidemiology subject matter expert for Legionnaires' disease at CDC's National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases/Division of Bacterial Diseases. C1 [Kunz, C. D. R. Jasen] CDC, Div Emergency & Environm Hlth Serv, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, 4770 Buford Highway NE,MS F-58, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Kunz, CDRJ (reprint author), CDC, Div Emergency & Environm Hlth Serv, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, 4770 Buford Highway NE,MS F-58, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM izk0@cdc.gov NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU NATL ENVIRON HEALTH ASSOC PI DENVER PA 720 S COLORADO BLVD SUITE 970, SOUTH TOWER, DENVER, CO 80246 USA SN 0022-0892 J9 J ENVIRON HEALTH JI J. Environ. Health PD JUL-AUG PY 2016 VL 79 IS 1 BP 24 EP 26 PG 3 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DQ3MW UT WOS:000379107400005 ER PT J AU Shin, M Sircar, K AF Shin, Mikyong (Meekie) Sircar, Kanta TI Tracking Carbon Monoxide Poisoning to Better Understand How People Are Poisoned SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES AB As part of our continuing effort to highlight innovative approaches and tools to improve the health and environment of communities, the Journal is pleased to publish a bimonthly column from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's (CDC's) Environmental Public Health Tracking Network (Tracking Network). The Tracking Network is a system of integrated health, exposure, and hazard information and data from a variety of national, state, and city sources. The Tracking Network brings together data concerning health and environmental problems with the goal of providing information to help improve where we live, work, and play. Environmental causes of chronic diseases are hard to identify. Measuring amounts of hazardous substances in our environment in a standard way, tracing the spread of these over time and area, seeing how they show up in human tissues, and understanding how they may cause illness is critical. The Tracking Network is a tool that can help connect these efforts. Through these columns, readers will learn about the program and the resources, tools, and information available from CDC's Tracking Network. The conclusions of this article are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily represent the views of CDC. Meekie Shin is an epidemiologist in the Environmental Health Tracking Branch. She is a subject matter expert on tracking carbon monoxide poisonings, heart attacks, and reproductive birth outcomes. Kanta Sircar is an epidemiologist in the Air Pollution and Respiratory Health Branch. She is a subject matter expert on carbon monoxide poisoning and air pollution epidemiology C1 [Sircar, Kanta] CDC, Air Pollut & Resp Hlth Branch, Div Environm Hazards & Hlth Effects, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, 4770 Buford Highway NE,MS F-60, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Sircar, K (reprint author), CDC, Air Pollut & Resp Hlth Branch, Div Environm Hazards & Hlth Effects, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, 4770 Buford Highway NE,MS F-60, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM ksircar@cdc.gov NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 6 U2 6 PU NATL ENVIRON HEALTH ASSOC PI DENVER PA 720 S COLORADO BLVD SUITE 970, SOUTH TOWER, DENVER, CO 80246 USA SN 0022-0892 J9 J ENVIRON HEALTH JI J. Environ. Health PD JUL-AUG PY 2016 VL 79 IS 1 BP 28 EP 30 PG 3 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DQ3MW UT WOS:000379107400006 ER PT J AU Heringer, L Johnson, BJ Fikrig, K Oliveira, BA Silva, RD Townsend, M Barrera, R Eiras, AE Ritchie, SA AF Heringer, Laila Johnson, Brian J. Fikrig, Kara Oliveira, Bruna A. Silva, Richard D. Townsend, Michael Barrera, Roberto Eiras, Alvaro E. Ritchie, Scott A. TI Evaluation of Alternative Killing Agents for Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) in the Gravid Aedes Trap (GAT) SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Aedes aegypti; dengue; Zika; mosquito trap; entomological surveillance ID FIELD-EVALUATION; DENGUE VECTORS; CONTROLLED-TRIAL; MOSQUITOS; INSECTICIDE; WOLBACHIA; TRANSMISSION; ALBOPICTUS; STICKY; BRAZIL AB The Gravid Aedes Trap (GAT) uses visual and olfactory cues to attract gravid Aedes aegypti (L.) that are then captured when knocked down by a residual pyrethroid surface spray. However, the use of surface sprays can be compromised by poor availability of the spray and pesticide resistance in the target mosquito. We investigated several "alternative" insecticide and insecticide-free killing agents for use in the GAT. This included long-lasting insecticide-impregnated nets (LLINs), vapor-active synthetic pyrethroids (metofluthrin), canola oil, and two types of dry adhesive sticky card. During bench top assays LLINs, metofluthrin, and dry sticky cards had 24-h knockdown (KD) percentages >80% (91.2 +/- 7.2%, 84.2 +/- 6.8%, and 83.4 +/- 6.1%, respectively), whereas the 24-h KD for canola oil was 70 +/- 7.7%, which improved to 90.0 +/- 3.7% over 48 h. Importantly, there were no significant differences in the number of Ae. aegypti collected per week or the number of traps positive for Ae. aegypti between the sticky card and canola oil treatments compared with the surface spray and LLIN treatments in semifield and field trials. These results demonstrate that the use of inexpensive and widely available insecticide-free agents such as those described in this study are effective alternatives to pyrethroids in regions with insecticide-resistant populations. The use of such environmentally friendly insecticide-free alternatives will also be attractive in areas where there is substantial resistance to insecticide use due to environmental and public health concerns. C1 [Heringer, Laila; Oliveira, Bruna A.; Silva, Richard D.; Eiras, Alvaro E.] Univ Fed Minas Gerais, Dept Parasitol, Lab Ecol Quim Insetos Vetores LabEQ, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. [Heringer, Laila; Johnson, Brian J.; Fikrig, Kara; Townsend, Michael; Ritchie, Scott A.] James Cook Univ, Coll Publ Hlth Med & Vet Sci, POB 6811, Cairns, Qld 4870, Australia. [Johnson, Brian J.; Townsend, Michael; Ritchie, Scott A.] James Cook Univ, Australian Inst Trop Hlth & Med, POB 6811, Cairns, Qld 4870, Australia. [Fikrig, Kara] Yale Univ, Yale Sch Publ Hlth, 60 Coll St,POB 208034, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [Barrera, Roberto] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Entomol & Ecol Act, Dengue Branch, 1324 Calle Canada, San Juan, PR 00920 USA. RP Ritchie, SA (reprint author), James Cook Univ, Coll Publ Hlth Med & Vet Sci, POB 6811, Cairns, Qld 4870, Australia.; Ritchie, SA (reprint author), James Cook Univ, Australian Inst Trop Hlth & Med, POB 6811, Cairns, Qld 4870, Australia. EM pequeninissima@gmail.com; brian.johnson@jcu.edu.au; kara.fikrig@yale.edu; brunaoliveira1601@gmail.com; richardcbdio-go@outlook.com; michael.townsend@jcu.edu.au; amz9@cdc.gov; alvaro.eiras@gmail.com; scott.ritchie@jcu.edu.au FU CAPES; CNPq; FAPEMIG; National Health and Medical Research Council Senior Research Fellowship [1044698] FX We thank Doreen Weatherby for providing the BestNet NetProtect LLINs, and John Lucas and Garry Webb of Sumitomo for providing the Olyset Plus LLIN. We also thank Biogents (Germany) for providing the BG-GAT prototype for testing. AEE thanks CAPES and CNPq for providing funding. Sponsorship was provided by CAPES, CNPq, FAPEMIG, and National Health and Medical Research Council Senior Research Fellowship 1044698 (www.nhmrc.gov.au last accessed 01/11/2015 (Nov 1st 2015)). NR 41 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 13 U2 20 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0022-2585 EI 1938-2928 J9 J MED ENTOMOL JI J. Med. Entomol. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 53 IS 4 BP 873 EP 879 DI 10.1093/jme/tjw051 PG 7 WC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences SC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences GA DQ4WL UT WOS:000379204800017 PM 27247350 ER PT J AU Li, W Wan, Q Yu, QL Yang, YQ Tao, W Jiang, YX Xiao, LH AF Li, Wei Wan, Qiang Yu, Qinlei Yang, Yuqi Tao, Wei Jiang, Yanxue Xiao, Lihua TI Genetic variation of mini- and microsatellites and a clonal structure in Enterocytozoon bieneusi population in foxes and raccoon dogs and population differentiation of the parasite between fur animals and humans SO PARASITOLOGY RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Enterocytozoon bieneusi; Multilocus sequence typing; Genetic diversity; Population genetics; Population structure; Linkage disequilibrium ID CHINA; IDENTIFICATION; MICROSPORIDIOSIS; CRYPTOSPORIDIUM; GENOTYPES; GIARDIA; CATTLE; PIGS AB Enterocytozoon bieneusi is an obligate intracellular protozoan parasite that infects a wide range of mammal hosts and birds. Previous genotypic surveys were limited to measure the polymorphisms at the ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (ITS) that evolved slowly. Data on population structure are available only on E. bieneusi isolates from primates. This study explored the genotypic and phylogenetic characteristics of four mini- and microsatellites and performed a population genetic analysis in 39 E. bieneusi isolates of potentially zoonotic ITS genotype D from farmed foxes and raccoon dogs in China. Sequence polymorphisms facilitated determination of six, two, four, and five genotypes at markers MS1, MS3, MS4, and MS7, respectively. Patterns of phylogeny revealed different levels of diversity within and among the genetic markers. Clear genotypic and phylogenetic divergences between E. bieneusi isolates of ITS genotype D from fur animals and humans were observed at individual markers. Complete linkage disequilibrium and very limited recombination in subsequent population genetic analysis supported a clonal structure for E. bieneusi population from fur animals (FID). Phylogenetic analysis, genetic network, and measures of F (ST) and gene flow demonstrated population differentiation of FID from two known human E. bieneusi populations HID (with a clonal structure) and HIA (with an epidemic structure). The data indicated an ideal resolving power of MLST compared to the previously widely used ITS genotyping and confirmed the clonal nature and population differentiation of E. bieneusi in various hosts. C1 [Li, Wei; Wan, Qiang; Yang, Yuqi; Tao, Wei; Jiang, Yanxue] Northeast Agr Univ, Coll Vet Med, 59 Mucai St, Harbin 150030, Heilongjiang, Peoples R China. [Xiao, Lihua] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Yu, Qinlei] Jilin Prov Anim Dis Control Ctr, 4510 Xian Rd, Changchun 130062, Jilin, Peoples R China. RP Li, W (reprint author), Northeast Agr Univ, Coll Vet Med, 59 Mucai St, Harbin 150030, Heilongjiang, Peoples R China.; Xiao, LH (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM neaulw@gmail.com; lax0@cdc.gov RI Xiao, Lihua/B-1704-2013; OI Xiao, Lihua/0000-0001-8532-2727; Li, Wei/0000-0002-4264-1864 FU Young Talents' Project of Northeast Agricultural University [14QC19]; University Nursing Program for Young Scholars with Creative Talents in Heilongjiang Province [UNPYSCT-2015008] FX This study was supported by the Young Talents' Project of Northeast Agricultural University (no. 14QC19) and the University Nursing Program for Young Scholars with Creative Talents in Heilongjiang Province (no. UNPYSCT-2015008). NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0932-0113 EI 1432-1955 J9 PARASITOL RES JI Parasitol. Res. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 115 IS 7 BP 2899 EP 2904 DI 10.1007/s00436-016-5069-3 PG 6 WC Parasitology SC Parasitology GA DQ2MO UT WOS:000379036600041 PM 27095568 ER PT J AU Grand, DJ Harris, A Shapiro, J Wu, E Giacalone, J Sands, BE Bright, R Moniz, H Mallette, M Leleiko, N Wallenstein, S Samad, Z Merrick, M Shah, SA AF Grand, David J. Harris, Adam Shapiro, Jason Wu, Edmund Giacalone, Julie Sands, Bruce E. Bright, Renee Moniz, Heather Mallette, Meaghan Leleiko, Neal Wallenstein, Sylvan Samad, Zahid Merrick, Marjorie Shah, Samir A. TI Risk factors for radiation exposure in newly diagnosed IBD patients SO ABDOMINAL RADIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Inflammatory bowel disease; Crohn's disease; Ulcerative colitis; Radiation; CT ID INFLAMMATORY-BOWEL-DISEASE; STATISTICAL ITERATIVE RECONSTRUCTION; HEALTH-CARE RESOURCES; CT ENTEROGRAPHY; CROHNS-DISEASE; IONIZING-RADIATION; COMPUTED-TOMOGRAPHY; MR ENTEROGRAPHY; FOLLOW-THROUGH; FEASIBILITY AB Patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) may be exposed to high doses of diagnostic radiation. The purpose of this study is to identify subsets of this population at risk for significant radiation exposure. This HIPAA compliant, IRB approved study consists of 336 patients (237 adult and 99 pediatric) within the Ocean State Crohn's & Colitis Area Registry (OSCCAR). All were newly diagnosed with IBD and prospectively enrolled between 1/2008 and 12/2012. Comprehensive chart review was performed. 207 (61.6%) patients were diagnosed with Crohn's disease (CD), 120 (35.7%) with ulcerative colitis (UC), and 9 (2.7%) with inflammatory bowel disease, type unspecified (IBDU). 192 (57.1%) patients were exposed to GI-specific radiation. Average GI-specific radiation dose for adult IBD patients was 14.1 mSV and was significantly greater among adult CD than adult UC patients (p = 0.01). Pediatric patients underwent fewer CT scans (p < 0.0001). Risk factors for increased radiation exposure include: GI surgery (p = 0.003), biologic therapy (p = 0.01), pain-predominant symptoms (as compared to diarrhea-predominant symptoms; p < 0.05), and isolated ileal disease (p = 0.02). Patients with stricturing or penetrating disease received higher radiation doses than patients with non-stricturing, non-penetrating disease (p < 0.0001). A variety of risk factors are associated with increased exposure to ionizing radiation after diagnosis of IBD. Knowledge of these risk factors can help physicians prospectively identify patients at risk for elevated radiation exposure and consider low-dose or radiation-free imaging. C1 [Grand, David J.; Harris, Adam; Wu, Edmund; Leleiko, Neal; Shah, Samir A.] Brown Univ, Alpert Med Sch, Providence, RI 02912 USA. [Bright, Renee; Moniz, Heather; Mallette, Meaghan; Shah, Samir A.] Rhode Isl Hosp, Providence, RI USA. [Shapiro, Jason; Leleiko, Neal] Hasbro Childrens Hosp, Providence, RI USA. [Giacalone, Julie; Sands, Bruce E.; Wallenstein, Sylvan] Icahn Sch Med Mt Sinai, New York, NY 10029 USA. [Samad, Zahid] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. [Merrick, Marjorie] Crohns & Colitis Fdn Amer, New York, NY USA. [Grand, David J.] Brown Univ, Warren Alpert Sch Med, Rhode Isl Hosp, Dept Diagnost Imaging, 593 Eddy St, Providence, RI 02906 USA. RP Grand, DJ (reprint author), Brown Univ, Alpert Med Sch, Providence, RI 02912 USA.; Grand, DJ (reprint author), Brown Univ, Warren Alpert Sch Med, Rhode Isl Hosp, Dept Diagnost Imaging, 593 Eddy St, Providence, RI 02906 USA. EM dgrand@lifespan.org FU National Institutes of Health [DK095818]; Crohn's and Colitis Foundation of America through the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [1 UO1 DP000340-03, 1 U01 DP004785-01] FX This work was partially supported by the National Institutes of Health (DK095818) and from the Crohn's and Colitis Foundation of America through the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (1 UO1 DP000340-03 and 1 U01 DP004785-01). The findings and conclusions are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 35 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 2366-004X EI 2366-0058 J9 ABDOM RADIOL JI Abdom. Radiol. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 41 IS 7 BP 1363 EP 1369 DI 10.1007/s00261-016-0650-x PG 7 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA DP8XR UT WOS:000378781800019 PM 26814500 ER PT J AU Grajewski, B Whelan, EA Nguyen, MM Kwan, L Cole, RJ AF Grajewski, Barbara Whelan, Elizabeth A. Nguyen, Mimi M. Kwan, Lorna Cole, Roger J. TI Sleep Disturbance in Female Flight Attendants and Teachers SO AEROSPACE MEDICINE AND HUMAN PERFORMANCE LA English DT Article DE jet lag; circadian rhythm sleep disorders; sleep monitoring; aircrew; work schedule tolerance ID CIRCADIAN-RHYTHMS; WORK SCHEDULE; EXPOSURE; TIME; DISRUPTION; ALERTNESS; PATTERNS; STRAIN; SHIFT AB BACKGROUND: Flight attendants (FAs) may experience circadian disruption due to travel during normal sleep hours and through multiple time zones. This study investigated whether FAs are at higher risk for sleep disturbance compared to teachers, as assessed by questionnaire, diary, and activity monitors. METHODS: Sleep/wake cycles of 45 FAs and 25 teachers were studied. For one menstrual cycle, participants wore an activity monitor and kept a daily diary. Sleep metrics included total sleep in the main sleep period (MSP), sleep efficiency (proportion of MSP spent sleeping), and nocturnal sleep fraction (proportion of sleep between 10 p.m. to 8 a.m. home time). Relationships between sleep metrics and occupation were analyzed with mixed and generalized linear models. RESULTS: Both actigraph and diary data suggest that FAs sleep longer than teachers. However, several actigraph indices of sleep disturbance indicated that FAs incurred significant impairment of sleep compared to teachers. FAs were more likely than teachers to have poor sleep efficiency [adjusted odds ratio (OR) for lowest quartile of sleep efficiency = 1.9, 95% Confidence Interval (CI) 1.2 3.0] and to have a smaller proportion of their sleep between 10 p.m. and 8 a.m. home time (adjusted OR for lowest quartile of nocturnal sleep fraction = 3.1, CI 1.1-9.0). DISCUSSION: Study FAs experienced increased sleep disturbance compared to teachers, which may indicate circadian disruption. C1 [Grajewski, Barbara; Whelan, Elizabeth A.; Nguyen, Mimi M.; Kwan, Lorna] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Inst Occupat Safety & Hlth, Cincinnati, OH USA. [Cole, Roger J.] Synchrony Appl Hlth Sci, Del Mar, DE USA. RP Grajewski, B (reprint author), 6241 N Shadow Hill Way, Loveland, OH 45140 USA. EM bgrajewski1@gmail.com FU U.S. Federal Aviation Administration FX This work was part of the Intramural Research Program of the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH). The study was supported in part by an Interagency Agreement with the U.S. Federal Aviation Administration. We thank the women who participated in this study. We appreciate the assistance of the study airlines; the Air Transport Association; Ms. Jean Watson of the Federal Aviation Administration; the Association of Flight Attendants and its Seattle Local 19; the Association of Professional Flight Attendants and its Miami representatives; the National Education Association and the Seattle Education Association; and the American Federation of Teachers and its Miami Local 1974, United Teachers of Dade. We thank Drs. Christina Lawson, Lynne Pinkerton, Peggy Reynolds, and Mikael Sallinen for review; Dr. Emily Wood for data management; Dr. Nancy Haley for cotinine analysis; and Messrs. Tom Kazlausky and Peter Fiala of AMI for technical assistance. NR 30 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 7 PU AEROSPACE MEDICAL ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 320 S HENRY ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-3579 USA SN 2375-6314 EI 2375-6322 J9 AEROSP MED HUM PERF JI Aerosp. Med.Hum. Perform. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 87 IS 7 BP 638 EP 645 DI 10.3357/AMHP.4512.2016 PG 8 WC Biophysics; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Biophysics; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Research & Experimental Medicine GA DP4LB UT WOS:000378466300008 PM 27503044 ER PT J AU Cummings, KJ Virji, MA Park, JY Stanton, ML Edwards, NT Trapnell, BC Carey, B Stefaniak, AB Kreiss, K AF Cummings, Kristin J. Virji, M. Abbas Park, Ji Young Stanton, Marcia L. Edwards, Nicole T. Trapnell, Bruce C. Carey, Brenna Stefaniak, Aleksandr B. Kreiss, Kathleen TI Respirable indium exposures, plasma indium, and respiratory health among indium-tin oxide (ITO) workers SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE indium-tin oxide; spirometry; KL-6; SP-D; cumulative exposure ID PULMONARY ALVEOLAR PROTEINOSIS; PRODUCTION FACILITY; LUNG-DISEASE; INHALATION; PARTICLES; TOXICITY; PLANTS; DAMAGE; RISK AB BackgroundWorkers manufacturing indium-tin oxide (ITO) are at risk of elevated indium concentration in blood and indium lung disease, but relationships between respirable indium exposures and biomarkers of exposure and disease are unknown. MethodsFor 87 (93%) current ITO workers, we determined correlations between respirable and plasma indium and evaluated associations between exposures and health outcomes. ResultsCurrent respirable indium exposure ranged from 0.4 to 108g/m(3) and cumulative respirable indium exposure from 0.4 to 923g-yr/m(3). Plasma indium better correlated with cumulative (r(s)=0.77) than current exposure (r(s)=0.54) overall and with tenure 1.9 years. Higher cumulative respirable indium exposures were associated with more dyspnea, lower spirometric parameters, and higher serum biomarkers of lung disease (KL-6 and SP-D), with significant effects starting at 22g-yr/m(3), reached by 46% of participants. ConclusionsPlasma indium concentration reflected cumulative respirable indium exposure, which was associated with clinical, functional, and serum biomarkers of lung disease. Am. J. Ind. Med. 59:522-531, 2016. Published 2016. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA. C1 [Cummings, Kristin J.; Virji, M. Abbas; Park, Ji Young; Stanton, Marcia L.; Edwards, Nicole T.; Stefaniak, Aleksandr B.; Kreiss, Kathleen] NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1095 Willowdale Rd,MS 2800, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. [Park, Ji Young] Seoul Natl Univ, Inst Hlth & Environm, Seoul, South Korea. [Trapnell, Bruce C.; Carey, Brenna] Cincinnati Childrens Hosp Med Ctr, Translat Pulm Sci Ctr, Cincinnati, OH 45229 USA. [Trapnell, Bruce C.] Univ Cincinnati, Coll Med, Div Pulm Crit Care & Sleep Med, Cincinnati, OH USA. RP Cummings, KJ (reprint author), NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1095 Willowdale Rd,MS 2800, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. EM kcummings@cdc.gov FU National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) FX This work was supported by intramural National Occupational Research Agenda (NORA) funding from the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH). NR 28 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 6 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0271-3586 EI 1097-0274 J9 AM J IND MED JI Am. J. Ind. Med. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 59 IS 7 BP 522 EP 531 DI 10.1002/ajim.22585 PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DP7TF UT WOS:000378701400002 PM 27219296 ER PT J AU Pinkerton, LE Hein, MJ Grajewski, B Kamel, F AF Pinkerton, Lynne E. Hein, Misty J. Grajewski, Barbara Kamel, Freya TI Mortality from neurodegenerative diseases in a cohort of US flight attendants SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE flight attendants; ALS; neurodegenerative diseases; mortality; cohort ID AMYOTROPHIC-LATERAL-SCLEROSIS; JAMAICA GINGER PARALYSIS; AIRCRAFT AIR-QUALITY; PESTICIDE EXPOSURE; HYDRAULIC FLUID; ENGINE OIL; DEATH; PHOSPHATE; RISK; ALS AB BackgroundConcern exists about the potential chronic neurological effects among aircrew of exposure to chemical contaminants from engine oil in aircraft cabin air. We evaluated mortality from neurodegenerative diseases among 11,311 former US flight attendants. MethodsVital status was ascertained through 2007, and life table analyses were conducted to obtain standardized mortality ratios (SMRs). ResultsAmyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) mortality was over twice as high in the cohort as in the US general population, based on nine observed ALS deaths. There was no clear pattern in risk when SMRs for ALS were stratified by exposure duration. Mortality from other neurodegenerative diseases was not elevated. ConclusionsOur findings are limited due to small numbers of observed deaths and reliance on mortality data, but suggest that flight attendants may have an increased risk of ALS. Additional research is needed. Am. J. Ind. Med. 59:532-537, 2016. Published 2016. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA. C1 [Pinkerton, Lynne E.; Grajewski, Barbara] NIOSH, Div Surveillance Hazard Evaluat & Field Studies, Ind Studies Branch, 1090 Tusculum Ave,R-15, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Hein, Misty J.] CACI Inc, Cincinnati, OH USA. [Kamel, Freya] NIEHS, Epidemiol Branch, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Pinkerton, LE (reprint author), NIOSH, Div Surveillance Hazard Evaluat & Field Studies, Ind Studies Branch, 1090 Tusculum Ave,R-15, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. EM lep5@cdc.gov OI Kamel, Freya/0000-0001-5052-6615 FU Office of Women's Health of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health; National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences FX The study was funded by the Office of Women's Health of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services and the intramural research programs of the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health and the National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences. NR 36 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 9 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0271-3586 EI 1097-0274 J9 AM J IND MED JI Am. J. Ind. Med. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 59 IS 7 BP 532 EP 537 DI 10.1002/ajim.22608 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DP7TF UT WOS:000378701400003 PM 27184412 ER PT J AU Yang, HO Hitchcock, E Haldeman, S Swanson, N Lu, ML Choi, B Nakata, A Baker, D AF Yang, Haiou Hitchcock, Edward Haldeman, Scott Swanson, Naomi Lu, Ming-Lun Choi, BongKyoo Nakata, Akinori Baker, Dean TI Workplace psychosocial and organizational factors for neck pain in workers in the United States SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE neck pain; occupational health; psychosocial risk factors; work organization; epidemiology ID 2000-2010 TASK-FORCE; HEALTH INTERVIEW SURVEY; PATIENT-CARE WORKERS; RISK-FACTORS; JOB INSECURITY; MUSCULOSKELETAL DISORDERS; GENERAL-POPULATION; FAMILY CONFLICT; UPPER-LIMB; REPRESENTATIVE SAMPLE AB BackgroundNeck pain is a prevalent musculoskeletal condition among workers in the United States. This study explores a set of workplace psychosocial and organization-related factors for neck pain. MethodsData used for this study come from the 2010 National Health Interview Survey which provides a representative sample of the US population. To account for the complex sampling design, the Taylor linearized variance estimation method was used. Logistic regression models were constructed to measure the associations. ResultsThis study demonstrated significant associations between neck pain and a set of workplace risk factors, including work-family imbalance, exposure to a hostile work environment and job insecurity, non-standard work arrangements, multiple jobs, and long work hours. ConclusionWorkers with neck pain may benefit from intervention programs that address issues related to these workplace risk factors. Future studies exploring both psychosocial risk factors and physical risk factors with a longitudinal design will be important. Am. J. Ind. Med. 59:549-560, 2016. (c) 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 [Yang, Haiou; Choi, BongKyoo; Baker, Dean] Univ Calif Irvine, Ctr Occupat & Environm Hlth, 100 Theory,Suite 100, Irvine, CA 92617 USA. [Hitchcock, Edward; Swanson, Naomi; Lu, Ming-Lun] NIOSH, Div Appl Res & Technol, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Haldeman, Scott] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Neurol, 100 Theory,Suite 100, Irvine, CA 92617 USA. [Haldeman, Scott] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. [Nakata, Akinori] Univ Occupat & Environm Hlth, Sch Hlth Sci, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 807, Japan. RP Yang, HO (reprint author), Univ Calif Irvine, Ctr Occupat & Environm Hlth, 100 Theory,Suite 100, Irvine, CA 92617 USA. EM hyang@uci.edu FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 97 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 4 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0271-3586 EI 1097-0274 J9 AM J IND MED JI Am. J. Ind. Med. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 59 IS 7 BP 549 EP 560 DI 10.1002/ajim.22602 PG 12 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DP7TF UT WOS:000378701400005 PM 27184340 ER PT J AU Krieg, EF AF Krieg, Edward F., Jr. TI A meta-analysis of studies investigating the effects of occupational lead exposure on thyroid hormones SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE blood lead; thyroid stimulating hormone; thyroxine; triiodothryonine ID NUTRITION EXAMINATION SURVEY; NATIONAL-HEALTH; SMELTER WORKERS; INORGANIC LEAD; BONE; INTOXICATION; ENDOCRINE; THYROTOXICOSIS; PROTEINS; CADMIUM AB IntroductionInvestigations of the effects of occupational exposure to lead on the concentrations of thyroid hormones in the blood have not produced consistent results. A meta-analysis was performed to assess the effect of occupational exposure to lead on thyroid hormone concentrations using the results from published studies. MethodsGroup means from studies of the thyroid function of persons occupationally exposed to lead were used in a meta-analysis. Differences between the control and exposed groups, and the slopes between thyroid hormone concentrations and log(10) blood lead concentrations or duration of exposure to lead were estimated using mixed models. The hormones analyzed were thyroid stimulating hormone, total and free thyroxine, and total and free triiodothyronine. ResultsNo differences in mean thyroid hormone concentrations were found between the exposed and control groups. No relationships were found between blood lead or the duration of exposure to lead and thyroid hormone concentrations. ConclusionThe results of the analysis do not provide evidence for an effect of occupational lead exposure on thyroid function in men. Am. J. Ind. Med. 59:583-590, 2016. Published 2016. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA. C1 [Krieg, Edward F., Jr.] NIOSH, Div Appl Res & Technol, 1150 Tusculum Ave, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. RP Krieg, EF (reprint author), NIOSH, Div Appl Res & Technol, Robert A Taft Labs, 1150 Tusculum Ave, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. EM erk3@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 38 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0271-3586 EI 1097-0274 J9 AM J IND MED JI Am. J. Ind. Med. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 59 IS 7 BP 583 EP 590 DI 10.1002/ajim.22591 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DP7TF UT WOS:000378701400008 PM 27094769 ER PT J AU Lu, M Li, J Zhang, TL Rupp, LB Trudeau, S Holmberg, SD Moorman, AC Spradling, PR Teshale, EH Xu, FJ Boscarino, JA Schmidt, MA Vijayadeva, V Gordon, SC AF Lu, Mei Li, Jia Zhang, Talan Rupp, Loralee B. Trudeau, Sheri Holmberg, Scott D. Moorman, Anne C. Spradling, Philip R. Teshale, Eyasu H. Xu, Fujie Boscarino, Joseph A. Schmidt, Mark A. Vijayadeva, Vinutha Gordon, Stuart C. CA Chronic Hepatitis Cohort Study TI Serum Biomarkers Indicate Long-term Reduction in Liver Fibrosis in Patients With Sustained Virological Response to Treatment for HCV Infection SO CLINICAL GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE CHeCS; Fibrosis Progression; Growth Curve Analysis of Trajectory; Outcome ID CHRONIC HEPATITIS-C; VIRUS PATIENTS; FOLLOW-UP; CIRRHOSIS; MARKERS; COHORT; PROGRESSION; REGRESSION; OUTCOMES; THERAPY AB BACKGROUND & AIMS: Sustained virological response (SVR) to antiviral therapy for hepatitis C virus (HCV) correlates with changes in biochemical measures of liver function. However, little is known about the long-term effects of SVR on liver fibrosis. We investigated the effects of HCV therapy on fibrosis, based on the Fibrosis-4 (FIB4) score, over a 10-year period. METHODS: We collected data from participants in the Chronic Hepatitis Cohort Study-a large observational multicenter study of patients with hepatitis at 4 US health systems-from January 1, 2006, through December 31, 2013. We calculated patients' FIB4 score and the aminotransferase-to-platelet ratio index (APRI) score over a 10-year period. Of 4731 patients with HCV infection, 1657 (35%) were treated and 755 (46%) of these patients achieved SVR. RESULTS: In propensity score-adjusted analyses, we observed significant longitudinal changes in FIB4 score that varied with treatment and response to treatment. In patients achieving SVR, FIB4 scores decreased sharply, remaining significantly lower over the 10-year period than in untreated patients or patients with treatment failure (P < .001). In independent analyses, men and patients with HCV genotype 1 or 3 infections had higher FIB4 scores than women or patients with HCV genotype 2 infections (P < .01 for both). Findings were similar in a sensitivity analysis that substituted the APRI as the marker of fibrosis instead of the FIB4 score. CONCLUSIONS: SVR to HCV treatment appears to induce long-term regression of fibrosis based on FIB4 scores collected over 10 years from a large observational study of US hepatitis patients. Patients receiving no treatment or with treatment failure had progressive increases in FIB4 scores. C1 [Lu, Mei; Li, Jia; Zhang, Talan; Trudeau, Sheri] Henry Ford Hlth Syst, Dept Publ Hlth Sci, 3E One Ford Pl, Detroit, MI 48202 USA. [Rupp, Loralee B.] Henry Ford Hlth Syst, Ctr Hlth Policy & Hlth Serv Res, Detroit, MI USA. [Gordon, Stuart C.] Henry Ford Hlth Syst, Div Gastroenterol & Hepatol, Detroit, MI USA. [Holmberg, Scott D.; Moorman, Anne C.; Spradling, Philip R.; Teshale, Eyasu H.; Xu, Fujie] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Hepatitis, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA USA. [Boscarino, Joseph A.] Geisinger Hlth Syst, Ctr Hlth Res, Danville, PA USA. [Schmidt, Mark A.] Kaiser Permanente Northwest, Ctr Hlth Res, Portland, OR USA. [Vijayadeva, Vinutha] Kaiser Permanente Hawaii, Ctr Hlth Res, Waipahu, HI USA. RP Lu, M (reprint author), Henry Ford Hlth Syst, Dept Publ Hlth Sci, 3E One Ford Pl, Detroit, MI 48202 USA. EM mlu1@hfhs.org FU CDC Foundation; AbbVie; Gilead Sciences; Janssen Pharmaceuticals, Inc.; Genentech; Vertex Pharmaceuticals; Bristol-Myers Squibb FX The Chronic Hepatitis Cohort Study is funded by the CDC Foundation, which currently receives grants from AbbVie, Gilead Sciences, and Janssen Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Past funders include Genentech (a Member of the Roche Group) and Vertex Pharmaceuticals. Past partial funders include Bristol-Myers Squibb. Granting corporations do not have access to Chronic Hepatitis Cohort Study data and do not contribute to data analysis or manuscript writing. NR 23 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1542-3565 EI 1542-7714 J9 CLIN GASTROENTEROL H JI Clin. Gastroenterol. Hepatol. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 14 IS 7 BP 1044 EP + DI 10.1016/j.cgh.2016.01.009 PG 15 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA DP3KS UT WOS:000378392900025 PM 26804385 ER PT J AU Bosch, S Tauxe, RV Behravesh, CB AF Bosch, Stacey Tauxe, Robert V. Behravesh, Casey Barton TI Turtle-Associated Salmonellosis, United States, 2006-2014 SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID MULTISTATE OUTBREAK; SCRIPTA-ELEGANS; PET TURTLES; HEALTH; ORGANISMS; EXPOSURE; HATCHLINGS; ANIMALS AB During 2006-2014, a total of 15 multistate outbreaks of turtle-associated salmonellosis in humans were reported in the United States. Exposure to small pet turtles has long been recognized as a source of human salmonellosis. The risk to public health has persisted and may be increasing. Turtles are a popular reptilian pet among children, and numerous risky behaviors for the zoonotic transmission of Salmonella bacteria to children have been reported in recent outbreaks. Despite a long-standing federal ban against the sale and distribution of turtles <4 in (<10.16 cm) long, these small reptiles can be readily acquired through multiple venues and continue to be the main source of turtle-associated salmonellosis in children. Enhanced efforts are needed to minimize the disease risk associated with small turtle exposure. Prevention will require novel partnerships and a comprehensive One Health approach involving human, animal, and environmental health. C1 [Bosch, Stacey; Tauxe, Robert V.; Behravesh, Casey Barton] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop E92, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. RP Bosch, S (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop E92, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM sbosch@cdc.gov NR 36 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 9 U2 14 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 EI 1080-6059 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD JUL PY 2016 VL 22 IS 7 BP 1149 EP 1155 DI 10.3201/eid2207.150685 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA DP5UR UT WOS:000378563900001 PM 27315584 ER PT J AU Kamali, A Jamieson, DJ Kpaduwa, J Schrier, S Kim, M Green, NM Stroher, U Muehlenbachs, A Bell, M Rollin, PE Mascola, L AF Kamali, Amanda Jamieson, Denise J. Kpaduwa, Julius Schrier, Sarah Kim, Moon Green, Nicole M. Stroher, Ute Muehlenbachs, Atis Bell, Michael Rollin, Pierre E. Mascola, Laurene TI Pregnancy, Labor, and Delivery after Ebola Virus Disease and Implications for Infection Control in Obstetric Services, United States SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID HEMORRHAGIC-FEVER; SIERRA-LEONE; TRANSMISSION; SEQUELAE; FLUID; BLOOD AB Many of the survivors of the 2014-2015 epidemic of Ebola virus disease (EVD) in West Africa were women of childbearing age. Limited clinical and laboratory data exist that describe these women's pregnancies and outcomes. We report the case of an EVD survivor who became pregnant and delivered her child in the United States, and we discuss implications of this case for infection control practices in obstetric services. Hospitals in the United States must be prepared to care for EVD survivors. C1 [Kamali, Amanda; Jamieson, Denise J.; Stroher, Ute; Muehlenbachs, Atis; Bell, Michael; Rollin, Pierre E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Kamali, Amanda; Kim, Moon; Green, Nicole M.; Mascola, Laurene] Los Angeles Cty Dept Publ Hlth, 313 N Figueroa St,Ste 212, Los Angeles, CA 90012 USA. [Kpaduwa, Julius; Schrier, Sarah] Greater El Monte Community Hosp, South El Monte, CA USA. RP Kamali, A (reprint author), Los Angeles Cty Dept Publ Hlth, 313 N Figueroa St,Ste 212, Los Angeles, CA 90012 USA. EM ydh3@cdc.gov NR 35 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 8 U2 9 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 EI 1080-6059 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD JUL PY 2016 VL 22 IS 7 BP 1156 EP 1161 DI 10.3201/eid2207.160269 PG 6 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA DP5UR UT WOS:000378563900002 ER PT J AU Al Hosani, FI Pringle, K Al Mulla, M Kim, L Pham, H Alami, NN Khudhair, A Hall, AJ Aden, B El Saleh, F Al Dhaheri, W Al Bandar, Z Bunga, S Abou Elkheir, K Tao, Y Hunter, JC Nguyen, D Turner, A Pradeep, K Sasse, J Weber, S Tong, SX Whitaker, BL Haynes, LM Curns, A Gerber, SI AF Al Hosani, Farida Ismail Pringle, Kimberly Al Mulla, Mariam Kim, Lindsay Huong Pham Alami, Negar N. Khudhair, Ahmed Hall, Aron J. Aden, Bashir El Saleh, Feda Al Dhaheri, Wafa Al Bandar, Zyad Bunga, Sudhir Abou Elkheir, Kheir Tao, Ying Hunter, Jennifer C. Duc Nguyen Turner, Andrew Pradeep, Krishna Sasse, Jurgen Weber, Stefan Tong, Suxiang Whitaker, Brett L. Haynes, Lia M. Curns, Aaron Gerber, Susan I. TI y Response to Emergence of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates, 2013-2014 SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID SAUDI-ARABIA; CLINICAL-FEATURES; FAMILY CLUSTER; INFECTIONS; TRANSMISSION; PNEUMONIA; EXCRETION AB In January 2013, several months after Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) was first identified in Saudi Arabia, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates, began surveillance for MERS-CoV. We analyzed medical chart and laboratory data collected by the Health Authority Abu Dhabi during January 2013 May 2014. Using real-time reverse transcription PCR, we tested respiratory tract samples for MERS-CoV and identified 65 case-patients. Of these patients, 23 (35%) were asymptomatic at the time of testing, and 4 (6%) showed positive test results for >3 weeks (1 had severe symptoms and 3 had mild symptoms). We also identified 6 clusters of MERS-CoV cases. This report highlights the potential for virus shedding by mildly ill and asymptomatic case-patients. These findings will be useful for MERS-CoV management and infection prevention strategies. C1 [Al Hosani, Farida Ismail; Al Mulla, Mariam; Khudhair, Ahmed; Aden, Bashir; El Saleh, Feda; Al Dhaheri, Wafa; Al Bandar, Zyad; Abou Elkheir, Kheir; Turner, Andrew; Pradeep, Krishna] Hlth Author Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, U Arab Emirates. [Pringle, Kimberly; Kim, Lindsay; Huong Pham; Alami, Negar N.; Hall, Aron J.; Bunga, Sudhir; Tao, Ying; Hunter, Jennifer C.; Duc Nguyen; Tong, Suxiang; Whitaker, Brett L.; Haynes, Lia M.; Curns, Aaron; Gerber, Susan I.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop A34, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Sasse, Jurgen; Weber, Stefan] Sheikh Khalifa Med Lab, Abu Dhabi, U Arab Emirates. RP Pringle, K (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop A34, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM wot9@cdc.gov NR 27 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 5 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 EI 1080-6059 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD JUL PY 2016 VL 22 IS 7 BP 1162 EP 1168 DI 10.3201/eid2207.160040 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA DP5UR UT WOS:000378563900003 PM 27314227 ER PT J AU Moore, A Nelson, C Molins, C Mead, P Schriefer, M AF Moore, Andrew Nelson, Christina Molins, Claudia Mead, Paul Schriefer, Martin TI Current Guidelines, Common Clinical Pitfalls, and Future Directions for. Laboratory Diagnosis of Lyme Disease, United States SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID LINKED-IMMUNOSORBENT-ASSAY; POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; BORRELIA-BURGDORFERI; CEREBROSPINAL-FLUID; ERYTHEMA MIGRANS; SERODIAGNOSIS; NEUROBORRELIOSIS; SYMPTOMS; VLSE; PCR AB In the United States, Lyme disease is caused by Borrelia burgdorferi and transmitted to humans by blacklegged ticks. Patients with an erythema migrans lesion and epidemiologic risk can be given a diagnosis without laboratory testing. For all other patients, laboratory testing is necessary to confirm the diagnosis, but proper interpretation depends on symptoms and timing of illness. The recommended laboratory test in the United States is 2-tiered serologic analysis consisting of an enzyme-linked immunoassay or immunofluorescence assay, followed by reflexive immunoblotting. Sensitivity of 2-tiered testing is low (30%-40%) during early infection while the antibody response is developing (window period). For disseminated Lyme disease, sensitivity is 70%-100%. Specificity is high (>95%) during all stages of disease. Use of other diagnostic tests for Lyme disease is limited. We review the rationale behind current US testing guidelines, appropriate use and interpretation of tests, and recent developments in Lyme disease diagnostics. C1 [Moore, Andrew] Univ Virginia, Sch Med, Charlottesville, VA 22908 USA. [Nelson, Christina; Molins, Claudia; Mead, Paul; Schriefer, Martin] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 3156 Rampart Rd,Mailstop P02, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. RP Schriefer, M (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 3156 Rampart Rd,Mailstop P02, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM mms7@cdc.gov NR 40 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 11 U2 16 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 EI 1080-6059 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD JUL PY 2016 VL 22 IS 7 BP 1169 EP 1177 DI 10.3201/eid2207.151694 PG 9 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA DP5UR UT WOS:000378563900004 ER PT J AU Ebel, ED Williams, MS Cole, D Travis, CC Klontz, KC Golden, NJ Hoekstra, RM AF Ebel, Eric D. Williams, Michael S. Cole, Dana Travis, Curtis C. Klontz, Karl C. Golden, Neal J. Hoekstra, Robert M. TI Comparing Characteristics of Sporadic and Outbreak-Associated Foodborne Illnesses, United States, 2004-2011 SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID SURVEILLANCE NETWORK FOODNET; DISEASE OUTBREAKS; SITES AB Outbreak data have been used to estimate the proportion of illnesses attributable to different foods. Applying outbreak based attribution estimates to nonoutbreak foodborne illnesses requires an assumption of similar exposure pathways for outbreak and sporadic illnesses. This assumption cannot be tested, but other comparisons can assess its veracity. Our study compares demographic, clinical, temporal, and geographic characteristics of outbreak and sporadic illnesses from Campylobacter, Escherichia colt 0157, Listeria, and Salmonella bacteria ascertained by the Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network (FoodNet). Differences among FoodNet sites in outbreak and sporadic illnesses might reflect differences in surveillance practices. For Campylobacter, Listeria, and Escherichia colt 0157, outbreak and sporadic illnesses are similar for severity, sex, and age. For Salmonella, outbreak and sporadic illnesses are similar for severity and sex. Nevertheless, the percentage of outbreak illnesses in the youngest age category was lower. Therefore, we do not reject the assumption that outbreak and sporadic illnesses are similar. C1 [Ebel, Eric D.; Williams, Michael S.; Golden, Neal J.] US Dept Agr Dist Columbia, Washington, DC USA. [Cole, Dana; Hoekstra, Robert M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Travis, Curtis C.] Leidos Inc, Reston, VA USA. [Klontz, Karl C.] Food & Drug Adm, College Pk, MD USA. RP Williams, MS (reprint author), Food Safety & Inspect Serv, Risk Assessment & Analyt Div, Off Publ Hlth Sci, USDA, 2150 Ctr Ave,Bldg D, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. EM mike.williams@fsis.usda.gov NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 8 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 EI 1080-6059 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD JUL PY 2016 VL 22 IS 7 BP 1193 EP 1200 DI 10.3201/eid2207.150833 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA DP5UR UT WOS:000378563900007 PM 27314510 ER PT J AU Simmons, G Bres, V Lu, K Liss, NM Brambilla, DJ Ryff, KR Bruhn, R Velez, E Ocampo, D Linnen, JM Latoni, G Petersen, LR Williamson, PC Busch, MP AF Simmons, Graham Bres, Vanessa Lu, Kai Liss, Nathan M. Brambilla, Donald J. Ryff, Kyle R. Bruhn, Roberta Velez, Edwin Ocampo, Derrek Linnen, Jeffrey M. Latoni, Gerardo Petersen, Lyle R. Williamson, Phillip C. Busch, Michael P. TI High Incidence of Chikungunya Virus and Frequency of Viremic Blood Donations during Epidemic, Puerto Rico, USA, 2014 SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; INFECTION; TRANSFUSION; AMERICA; FEVER; RISK; EMERGENCE; DONORS AB Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) caused large epidemics throughout the Caribbean in 2014. We conducted nucleic acid amplification testing (NAAT) for CHIKV RNA (n = 29,695) and serologic testing for IgG against CHIKV (n = 1,232) in archived blood donor samples collected during and after an epidemic in Puerto Rico in 2014. NAAT yields peaked in October with 2.1% of donations positive for CHIKV RNA. A total of 14% of NAAT-reactive donations posed a high risk for virus transmission by transfusion because of high virus RNA copy numbers (10(4)-10(9) RNA copies/mL) and a lack of specific IgM and IgG responses. Testing of minipools of 16 donations would not have detected 62.5% of RNA-positive donations detectable by individual donor testing, including individual donations without IgM and IgG. Serosurveys before and after the epidemic demonstrated that nearly 25% of blood donors in Puerto Rico acquired CHIKV infections and seroconverted during the epidemic. C1 [Simmons, Graham; Lu, Kai; Liss, Nathan M.; Bruhn, Roberta; Busch, Michael P.] Blood Syst Res Inst, 270 Mason Ave, San Francisco, CA 94118 USA. [Simmons, Graham; Busch, Michael P.] Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Bres, Vanessa; Ocampo, Derrek; Linnen, Jeffrey M.] Holog Inc, San Diego, CA USA. [Brambilla, Donald J.] RTI Int, Rockville, MD USA. [Ryff, Kyle R.] Puerto Rico Dept Hlth, San Juan, PR USA. [Velez, Edwin; Latoni, Gerardo] Banco Sangre Serv Mutuos, San Juan, PR USA. [Petersen, Lyle R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Williamson, Phillip C.] Creat Testing Solut, Tempe, AZ USA. RP Simmons, G (reprint author), Blood Syst Res Inst, 270 Mason Ave, San Francisco, CA 94118 USA. EM gsimmons@bloodsystems.org FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [200-2014-M-59495, 200-2015-M-81883] FX This study was supported in part by contracts 200-2014-M-59495 and 200-2015-M-81883 from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 34 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 5 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 EI 1080-6059 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD JUL PY 2016 VL 22 IS 7 BP 1221 EP 1228 DI 10.3201/eid2207.160116 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA DP5UR UT WOS:000378563900011 PM 27070192 ER PT J AU Breedlove, B Arguin, PM AF Breedlove, Byron Arguin, Paul M. TI An Immortal Hero, an Enduring Challenge SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Breedlove, Byron; Arguin, Paul M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop C19, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. RP Breedlove, B (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop C19, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM wbbl@cdc.gov OI Breedlove, Byron/0000-0002-1026-1963 NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 EI 1080-6059 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD JUL PY 2016 VL 22 IS 7 BP 1328 EP 1329 DI 10.3201/eid2207.AC2207 PG 2 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA DP5UR UT WOS:000378563900046 ER PT J AU Lambert, ABE Parks, SE Camperlengo, L Cottengim, C Anderson, RL Covington, TM Shapiro-Mendoza, CK AF Lambert, Alexa B. Erck Parks, Sharyn E. Camperlengo, Lena Cottengim, Carri Anderson, Rebecca L. Covington, Theresa M. Shapiro-Mendoza, Carrie K. TI Death Scene Investigation and Autopsy Practices in Sudden Unexpected Infant Deaths SO JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; CLASSIFICATION AB Objective To describe and compare sudden unexpected infant death (SUID) investigations among states participating in the SUID Case Registry from 2010 through 2012. Study design We analyzed observational data from 770 SUID cases identified and entered into the National Child Death Review Case Reporting System. We examined data on autopsy and death scene investigation (DSI) components, including key information about the infant sleep environment. We calculated the percentage of components that were complete, incomplete, and missing/unknown. Results Most cases (98%) had a DSI. The DSI components most frequently reported as done were the narrative description of the circumstances (90%; range, 85%-99%), and witness interviews (88%, range, 85%-98%). Critical information about 10 infant sleep environment components was available for 85% of cases for all states combined. All 770 cases had an autopsy performed. The autopsy components most frequently reported as done were histology, microbiology, and other pathology (98%; range, 94%-100%) and toxicology (97%; range, 94%-100%). Conclusions This study serves as a baseline to understand the scope of infant death investigations in selected states. Standardized and comprehensive DSI and autopsy practices across jurisdictions and states may increase knowledge about SUID etiology and also lead to an improved understanding of the cause-specific SUID risk and protective factors. Additionally, these results demonstrate practices in the field showing what is feasible in these select states. We encourage pediatricians, forensic pathologists, and other medicolegal experts to use these findings to inform system changes and improvements in DSI and autopsy practices and SUID prevention efforts. C1 [Lambert, Alexa B. Erck] DB Consulting Grp Inc, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Parks, Sharyn E.; Camperlengo, Lena; Cottengim, Carri; Anderson, Rebecca L.; Shapiro-Mendoza, Carrie K.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Covington, Theresa M.] Michigan Publ Hlth Inst, Natl Ctr Review & Prevent Child Death, Okemos, MI USA. RP Lambert, ABE (reprint author), DB Consulting Grp Inc, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, 4770 Buford Highway NE,Chamblee Bldg 107, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM xwp5@cdc.gov FU Maternal and Child Infant Health Bureau of the Health Resources and Services Administration; Division of Reproductive Health, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [200-2010-37208]; DB Consulting [200-2010-37208] FX T.C.'s agency, the Michigan Public Health Institute, was supported by the Maternal and Child Infant Health Bureau of the Health Resources and Services Administration and the Division of Reproductive Health, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. A.E.L. was supported by a contract between DB Consulting and the Division of Reproductive Health, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (200-2010-37208). The findings and conclusions in this paper are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The authors declare no conflicts of interest. NR 22 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 4 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0022-3476 EI 1097-6833 J9 J PEDIATR-US JI J. Pediatr. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 174 BP 84 EP + DI 10.1016/j.jpeds.2016.03.057 PG 8 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA DP6PX UT WOS:000378620800019 ER PT J AU Isaac, BM Masonbrink, A Kennedy, J Greene, SK Hennessy, RR Rosen, JB Trieu, L Ngai, S Morse, SS Weiss, D AF Isaac, Beth M. Masonbrink, Abbey Kennedy, Joseph Greene, Sharon K. Hennessy, Robin R. Rosen, Jennifer B. Trieu, Lisa Ngai, Stephanie Morse, Stephen S. Weiss, Don TI Reportable Bacterial Infections among New York City-Born Infants, 2001-2009 SO JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article ID B STREPTOCOCCAL DISEASE; ONSET NEONATAL SEPSIS; FOOD SAFETY RISKS; UNITED-STATES; SOCIOECONOMIC-STATUS; POPULATIONS; SALMONELLOSIS; PERTUSSIS; MORTALITY; BURDEN AB Objective To determine rates of reportable bacterial infections among infants in New York City and identify populations at risk and preventable causes of morbidity. Study design This retrospective cohort study matched live births in New York City from 2001-2009 to reported cases of bacterial infections among infants less than 1 year of age. Characteristics recorded on birth certificates were compared between infants with bacterial enteric infection, bacterial nonenteric infection, and no reportable bacterial infection. Multinomial logistic regression and multivariable logistic regression were used to identify risk factors for infection. Results Bacterial infection was reported in 4.6 cases per 1000 live births. Of 4524 infants with a reportable infection, the majority (2880, 63%) had an enteric infection. Asian/Pacific Islanders in Brooklyn were the borough-level race/ethnic group with the highest enteric infection rate (8.5 per 1000 live births). Citywide, infants with enteric infections were disproportionately male, from higher poverty neighborhoods, born to foreign-born mothers, and enrolled in Special Supplemental Food Program for Women, Infants, and Children or Medicaid. In contrast, infants with nonenteric infections were more likely to have low birthweight and mothers characterized by US birth and black race or white Hispanic race/ethnicity. Conclusions Distinct patterns of risk factors for enteric and nonenteric bacterial infections among infants were identified. The results suggest that infants born to Asian/Pacific Islander mothers residing in Brooklyn should be a focus of enteric disease prevention. More research is necessary to better understand what behaviors increase the risk of enteric disease in this population. C1 [Isaac, Beth M.; Greene, Sharon K.; Hennessy, Robin R.; Rosen, Jennifer B.; Trieu, Lisa; Ngai, Stephanie; Weiss, Don] New York City Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, Div Dis Control, Queens, NY 11101 USA. [Isaac, Beth M.; Morse, Stephen S.] Columbia Univ, Mailman Sch Publ Hlth, New York, NY USA. [Masonbrink, Abbey; Kennedy, Joseph] New York City Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, Div Epidemiol, Queens, NY 11101 USA. [Hennessy, Robin R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sexually Transmitted Dis Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Isaac, BM (reprint author), New York City Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, Bur Immunizat, 42-09 28th St CN 21, Queens, NY 11101 USA. EM bisaac@health.nyc.gov NR 27 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0022-3476 EI 1097-6833 J9 J PEDIATR-US JI J. Pediatr. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 174 BP 218 EP + DI 10.1016/j.jpeds.2016.03.033 PG 12 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA DP6PX UT WOS:000378620800042 PM 27117198 ER PT J AU Rice, CE Zablotsky, B Avila, RM Colpe, LJ Schieve, LA Pringle, B Blumberg, SJ AF Rice, Catherine E. Zablotsky, Benjamin Avila, Rosa M. Colpe, Lisa J. Schieve, Laura A. Pringle, Beverly Blumberg, Stephen J. TI Reported Wandering Behavior among Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder and/or Intellectual Disability SO JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article ID CHALLENGING BEHAVIORS; FUNCTIONAL-ANALYSIS; CARE NEEDS; ELOPEMENT; ADULTS; HEALTH; DEATH AB Objective To characterize wandering, or elopement, among children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and intellectual disability. Study design Questions on wandering in the previous year were asked of parents of children with ASD with and without intellectual disability and children with intellectual disability without ASD as part of the 2011 Survey of Pathways to Diagnosis and Services. The Pathways study sample was drawn from the much larger National Survey of Children with Special Health Care Needs conducted in 2009-2010. Results For children with special healthcare needs diagnosed with either ASD, intellectual disability, or both, wandering or becoming lost during the previous year was reported for more than 1 in 4 children. Wandering was highest among children with ASD with intellectual disability (37.7%) followed by children with ASD without intellectual disability (32.7%), and then children with intellectual disability without ASD (23.7%), though the differences between these groups were not statistically significant. Conclusions This study affirms that wandering among children with ASD, regardless of intellectual disability status, is relatively common. However, wandering or becoming lost in the past year was also reported for many children with intellectual disability, indicating the need to broaden our understanding of this safety issue to other developmental disabilities. C1 [Rice, Catherine E.; Schieve, Laura A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Baltimore, MD USA. [Rice, Catherine E.] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Zablotsky, Benjamin; Blumberg, Stephen J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. [Avila, Rosa M.] Univ Washington, Sch Publ Hlth, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Colpe, Lisa J.; Pringle, Beverly] NIMH, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RP Rice, CE (reprint author), Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. EM cerice@emory.edu FU National Institute of Mental Health; American Recovery and Reinvestment Act (ARRA) [111-5] FX Funded by the National Institute of Mental Health with funds available from the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (ARRA) (Public Law 111-5). The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the Centers for Disease and Control and Prevention, Emory University, the University of Washington, or the National Institute of Mental Health. The authors declare no conflicts of interest. NR 28 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0022-3476 EI 1097-6833 J9 J PEDIATR-US JI J. Pediatr. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 174 BP 232 EP 239 DI 10.1016/j.jpeds.2016.03.047 PG 8 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA DP6PX UT WOS:000378620800044 PM 27157446 ER PT J AU Razzaghi, H Tinker, SC Herring, AH Howards, PP Waller, DK Johnson, CY AF Razzaghi, Hilda Tinker, Sarah C. Herring, Amy H. Howards, Penelope P. Waller, D. Kim Johnson, Candice Y. CA Natl Birth Defects Prevention TI Impact of Missing Data for Body Mass Index in an Epidemiologic Study SO MATERNAL AND CHILD HEALTH JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Missing BMI; NBDPS; BMI; Missing data; Birth defect ID BIRTH-DEFECTS PREVENTION; PREPREGNANCY OBESITY; WAIST CIRCUMFERENCE; US ADULTS; OVERWEIGHT; PREVALENCE; TRENDS; POPULATION; WEIGHT; HEIGHT AB Objective To assess the potential impact of missing data on body mass index (BMI) on the association between prepregnancy obesity and specific birth defects. Methods Data from the National Birth Defects Prevention Study (NBDPS) were analyzed. We assessed the factors associated with missing BMI data among mothers of infants without birth defects. Four analytic methods were then used to assess the impact of missing BMI data on the association between maternal prepregnancy obesity and three birth defects; spina bifida, gastroschisis, and cleft lip with/without cleft palate. The analytic methods were: (1) complete case analysis; (2) assignment of missing values to either obese or normal BMI; (3) multiple imputation; and (4) probabilistic sensitivity analysis. Logistic regression was used to estimate crude and adjusted odds ratios (aOR) and 95 % confidence intervals (CI). Results Of NBDPS control mothers 4.6 % were missing BMI data, and most of the missing values were attributable to missing height (similar to 90 %). Missing BMI data was associated with birth outside of the US (aOR 8.6; 95 % CI 5.5, 13.4), interview in Spanish (aOR 2.4; 95 % CI 1.8, 3.2), Hispanic ethnicity (aOR 2.0; 95 % CI 1.2, 3.4), and < 12 years education (aOR 2.3; 95 % CI 1.7, 3.1). Overall the results of the multiple imputation and probabilistic sensitivity analysis were similar to the complete case analysis. Conclusions Although in some scenarios missing BMI data can bias the magnitude of association, it does not appear likely to have impacted conclusions from a traditional complete case analysis of these data. C1 [Razzaghi, Hilda; Tinker, Sarah C.; Johnson, Candice Y.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Pormot, Mail Stop F76,1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Herring, Amy H.] Univ N Carolina, Gillings Sch Global Publ Hlth, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Herring, Amy H.] Univ N Carolina, Carolina Populat Ctr, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Howards, Penelope P.; Johnson, Candice Y.] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Waller, D. Kim] UTHealth, Sch Publ Hlth, Houston, TX USA. [Johnson, Candice Y.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Inst Occupat Safety & Hlth, Cincinnati, OH USA. RP Razzaghi, H (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Pormot, Mail Stop F76,1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM hir2@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [PA 96043, PA 02081, FOA DD09-001] FX This work was supported through cooperative agreements under PA 96043, PA 02081 and FOA DD09-001 from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention to the Centers for Birth Defects Research and Prevention participating in the National Birth Defects Prevention Study. NR 31 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1092-7875 EI 1573-6628 J9 MATERN CHILD HLTH J JI Matern. Child Health J. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 20 IS 7 BP 1497 EP 1505 DI 10.1007/s10995-016-1948-6 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DP8MK UT WOS:000378752000021 PM 27029540 ER PT J AU Ahrens, KA Rossen, LM Simon, AE AF Ahrens, Katherine A. Rossen, Lauren M. Simon, Alan E. TI Relationship Between Mean Leucocyte Telomere Length and Measures of Allostatic Load in US Reproductive-Aged Women, NHANES 1999-2002 SO PAEDIATRIC AND PERINATAL EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE telomere length; allostatic load; health disparity; perinatal epidemiology ID NUTRITION EXAMINATION SURVEY; NATIONAL-HEALTH; CHRONIC STRESS; UNITED-STATES; PATTERNS; DISEASE; ADULTS; EPIDEMIOLOGY; DISPARITIES; POPULATION AB BackgroundReproductive health disparities may be partly explained by the cumulative effects of chronic stress experienced by socially disadvantaged groups. Although, telomere length (TL) and allostatic load score have each been used as biological markers of stress, the relationship between these two measures is unknown. MethodsWe investigated the association between leucocyte TL and allostatic load score in 1503 non-pregnant women (20-44years) participating in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1999-2002. We constructed six different allostatic load scores using either quartile- or clinical-based cut-points for 14 biomarkers based on previously published methods. We estimated associations between TL and allostatic load scores and component biomarkers using linear regression, also assessing interactions by race/ethnicity. ResultsAfter adjustment for age, longer TL was associated with higher HDL cholesterol and lower C-reactive protein and creatinine clearance; TL was not associated with the other component biomarkers. Shorter TL was associated with higher allostatic load scores for the two clinical cut-point-based scores after adjustment for age, but not the four scores based on quartile cut-points. Significant interactions by race/ethnicity were observed for TL and HbA1c and triglycerides, but not for other component biomarkers or allostatic load scores. ConclusionsAlthough TL and allostatic load score are both considered measures of cumulative stress, most component biomarkers and scores using quartile-based cut-points were not associated with TL. In reproductive-aged women, allostatic load scores using clinical-based cut-points were more strongly associated with TL compared with quartile-based scores. C1 [Ahrens, Katherine A.; Rossen, Lauren M.; Simon, Alan E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Off Anal & Epidemiol, Infant Child & Womens Hlth Stat Branch, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. RP Ahrens, KA (reprint author), CDC, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Off Anal & Epidemiol, Infant Child & Womens Hlth Stat Branch, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. EM kahrens@cdc.gov NR 43 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0269-5022 EI 1365-3016 J9 PAEDIATR PERINAT EP JI Paediatr. Perinat. Epidemiol. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 30 IS 4 BP 325 EP 335 DI 10.1111/ppe.12277 PG 11 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Pediatrics SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Pediatrics GA DP6VV UT WOS:000378638300004 PM 26854139 ER PT J AU Duffy, J Weintraub, E Hambidge, SJ Jackson, LA Kharbanda, EO Klein, NP Lee, GM Marcy, SM Nakasato, CC Naleway, A Omer, SB Vellozzi, C DeStefano, F AF Duffy, Jonathan Weintraub, Eric Hambidge, Simon J. Jackson, Lisa A. Kharbanda, Elyse O. Klein, Nicola P. Lee, Grace M. Marcy, S. Michael Nakasato, Cynthia C. Naleway, Allison Omer, Saad B. Vellozzi, Claudia DeStefano, Frank CA Vaccine Safety Datalink TI Febrile Seizure Risk After Vaccination in Children 6 to 23 Months SO PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article ID INACTIVATED INFLUENZA VACCINE; PNEUMOCOCCAL CONJUGATE VACCINE; ADVERSE EVENTS; SAFETY; INTERVALS; SIGNAL AB BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: An increased risk of febrile seizure (FS) was identified with concomitant administration of trivalent inactivated influenza vaccine (IIV3) and pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV) 13-valent during the 2010-2011 influenza season. Our objective was to determine whether concomitant administration of IIV3 with other vaccines affects the FS risk. METHODS: We examined the risk of FS 0 to 1 day postvaccination for all routinely recommended vaccines among children aged 6 through 23 months during a period encompassing 5 influenza seasons (2006-2007 through 2010-2011). We used a population-based self-controlled risk interval analysis with a control interval of 14 to 20 days postvaccination. We used multivariable regression to control for receipt of concomitant vaccines and test for interaction between vaccines. RESULTS: Only PCV 7-valent had an independent FS risk (incidence rate ratio [IRR], 1.98; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.00 to 3.91). IIV3 had no independent risk (IRR, 0.46; 95% CI, 0.21 to 1.02), but risk was increased when IIV3 was given with either PCV (IRR, 3.50; 95% CI, 1.13 to 10.85) or a diphtheria-tetanus-acellular-pertussis (DTaP)-containing vaccine (IRR, 3.50; 95% CI, 1.52 to 8.07). The maximum estimated absolute excess risk due to concomitant administration of IIV3, PCV, and DTaP-containing vaccines compared with administration on separate days was 30 FS per 100 000 persons vaccinated. CONCLUSIONS: The administration of IIV3 on the same day as either PCV or a DTaP-containing vaccine was associated with a greater risk of FS than when IIV3 was given on a separate day. The absolute risk of postvaccination FS with these vaccine combinations was small. C1 [Duffy, Jonathan; Weintraub, Eric; Vellozzi, Claudia; DeStefano, Frank] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Immunizat Safety Off, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Hambidge, Simon J.] Kaiser Permanente Colorado, Inst Hlth Res, Denver, CO USA. [Hambidge, Simon J.] Denver Hlth, Ambulatory Care Serv, Denver, CO USA. [Jackson, Lisa A.] Grp Hlth, Res Inst, Seattle, WA USA. [Kharbanda, Elyse O.] HealthPartners Inst Educ & Res, Minneapolis, MN USA. [Klein, Nicola P.] Kaiser Permanente No Calif, Kaiser Permanente Vaccine Study Ctr, Oakland, CA USA. [Lee, Grace M.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA USA. [Lee, Grace M.] Harvard Pilgrim Hlth Care Inst, Boston, MA USA. [Marcy, S. Michael] Kaiser Permanente So Calif, Pasadena, CA 91101 USA. [Nakasato, Cynthia C.] Kaiser Permanente Hawaii, Honolulu, HI USA. [Naleway, Allison] Kaiser Permanente Northwest, Portland, OR USA. [Omer, Saad B.] Kaiser Permanente Georgia, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Duffy, J (reprint author), US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS D-26, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM jduffy@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX This study was funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. No external funding was obtained for this study. NR 31 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD,, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 USA SN 0031-4005 EI 1098-4275 J9 PEDIATRICS JI Pediatrics PD JUL PY 2016 VL 138 IS 1 AR e20160320 DI 10.1542/peds.2016-0320 PG 10 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA DP9YD UT WOS:000378853100046 ER PT J AU Lowry, JA Ahdoot, S Baum, CR Bernstein, AS Bole, A Brumberg, HL Campbell, CC Lanphear, BP Pacheco, SE Spanier, AJ Trasande, L Osterhoudt, KC Paulson, JA Sandel, MT Rogers, PT Balbus, JM Brubaker, TA DeNicola, NG Etzel, RA Mortensen, ME Ward, MH Spire, P AF Lowry, Jennifer A. Ahdoot, Samantha Baum, Carl R. Bernstein, Aaron S. Bole, Aparna Brumberg, Heather Lynn Campbell, Carla C. Lanphear, Bruce Perrin Pacheco, Susan E. Spanier, Adam J. Trasande, Leonardo Osterhoudt, Kevin C. Paulson, Jerome A. Sandel, Megan T. Rogers, Paul Thomas Balbus, John M. Brubaker, Todd A. DeNicola, Nathaniel G. Etzel, Ruth Ann Mortensen, Mary Ellen Ward, Mary H. Spire, Paul TI Prevention of Childhood Lead Toxicity SO PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article ID ELEVATED BLOOD LEAD; US CHILDREN; EARLY ADULTHOOD; INFANT FORMULA; UNITED-STATES; EXPOSURE; LEVEL; WATER; DUST; RISK AB Blood lead concentrations have decreased dramatically in US children over the past 4 decades, but too many children still live in housing with deteriorated lead-based paint and are at risk for lead exposure with resulting lead-associated cognitive impairment and behavioral problems. Evidence continues to accrue that commonly encountered blood lead concentrations, even those below 5 mu g/dL (50 ppb), impair cognition; there is no identified threshold or safe level of lead in blood. From 2007 to 2010, approximately 2.6% of preschool children in the United States had a blood lead concentration >= 5 mu g/dL (>= 50 ppb), which represents about 535 000 US children 1 to 5 years of age. Evidence-based guidance is available for managing increased lead exposure in children, and reducing sources of lead in the environment, including lead in housing, soil, water, and consumer products, has been shown to be cost-beneficial. Primary prevention should be the focus of policy on childhood lead toxicity. C1 [DeNicola, Nathaniel G.] Amer Coll Obstetricians & Gynecologists, Washington, DC 20024 USA. [Etzel, Ruth Ann] US Environm Protect Agcy, Washington, DC 20004 USA. [Mortensen, Mary Ellen] CDC, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Ward, Mary H.] NCI, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. NR 71 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 11 U2 15 PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD,, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 USA SN 0031-4005 EI 1098-4275 J9 PEDIATRICS JI Pediatrics PD JUL PY 2016 VL 138 IS 1 AR e20161493 DI 10.1542/peds.2016-1493 PG 15 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA DP9YD UT WOS:000378853100071 ER PT J AU Riehle-Colarusso, T Oster, ME AF Riehle-Colarusso, Tiffany Oster, Matthew E. TI Down Syndrome: Changing Cardiac Phenotype? SO PEDIATRICS LA English DT Editorial Material ID UNITED-STATES; 10 REGIONS; CHILDREN; PREVALENCE; TRENDS C1 [Riehle-Colarusso, Tiffany; Oster, Matthew E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA USA. [Oster, Matthew E.] Emory Univ, Childrens Healthcare Atlanta, Sch Med, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Riehle-Colarusso, T (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 4770 Buford Highway,Mailstop E-86, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM tcolarusso@cdc.gov NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD,, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 USA SN 0031-4005 EI 1098-4275 J9 PEDIATRICS JI Pediatrics PD JUL PY 2016 VL 138 IS 1 AR e20161223 DI 10.1542/peds.2016-1223 PG 2 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA DP9YD UT WOS:000378853100062 ER PT J AU Epson, EE Cronquist, A Lamba, K Kimura, AC Hassan, R Selvage, D McNeil, CS Varan, AK Silvaggio, JL Fan, L Tong, X Spradling, PR AF Epson, E. E. Cronquist, A. Lamba, K. Kimura, A. C. Hassan, R. Selvage, D. McNeil, C. S. Varan, A. K. Silvaggio, J. L. Fan, L. Tong, X. Spradling, P. R. TI Risk factors for hospitalisation and associated costs among patients with hepatitis A associated with imported pomegranate arils, United States, 2013 SO PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Hepatitis A; Disease outbreaks; Health economics and organizations ID GREEN ONIONS; OUTBREAK; VIRUS; EPIDEMIC; INFECTION; TURKEY AB Objectives: To assess hospitalisation risk factors and economic effects associated with a multistate hepatitis A outbreak in 2013. Study design: Retrospective case series. Methods: Eligible outbreak-related cases confirmed by September 1, 2013, were defined as acute hepatitis symptoms and positive IgM anti-hepatitis A during March 15-August 12 among patients who consumed the food vehicle or had the outbreak genotype. We reviewed medical records, comparing demographic and clinical characteristics among hospitalized and non-hospitalized patients; we used logistic regression analysis to identify factors associated with hospitalization. We interviewed patients regarding symptom duration and healthcare usage and estimated per-patient and total costs. Health departments reported outbreak-related personnel hours. Results: Medical records were reviewed for 147/159 (92%) eligible patients; median age was 48 (range: 1-84) years, and 64 (44%) patients were hospitalized. Having any chronic medical condition was independently associated with hospitalisation (odds ratio, 3.80; 95% confidence interval, 1.68-8.62). Interviews were completed for 114 (72%) eligible patients; estimated per-patient cost of healthcare and productivity loss was $13,467 for hospitalized and $2138 for non-hospitalized patients and $1,304,648 for all 165 outbreak-related cases. State and local public health personnel expenditures included 82 h and $3221/outbreak-related case. Conclusions: Hospitalisations in this outbreak were associated with chronic medical conditions and resulted in substantial healthcare usage and lost productivity. These data can be used to inform future evaluation of expansion of hepatitis A vaccination recommendations to include adults with chronic medical conditions. Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of The Royal Society for Public Health. C1 [Epson, E. E.; McNeil, C. S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA USA. [Epson, E. E.; Cronquist, A.] Colorado Dept Publ Hlth & Environm, Denver, CO USA. [Lamba, K.; Kimura, A. C.] Calif Dept Publ Hlth, Richmond, CA USA. [Hassan, R.] Arizona Dept Hlth Serv, Phoenix, AZ 85007 USA. [Selvage, D.; McNeil, C. S.] New Mexico Dept Hlth, Santa Fe, NM USA. [Varan, A. K.] Cty San Diego Hlth & Human Serv Agcy, San Diego, CA USA. [Varan, A. K.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global Migrat & Quarantine, Atlanta, GA USA. [Silvaggio, J. L.] CDC, CSTE, Appl Epidemiol Fellowship Program, Atlanta, GA USA. [Silvaggio, J. L.] Los Angeles Cty Dept Publ Hlth, Acute Communicable Dis Control Program, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Fan, L.; Tong, X.; Spradling, P. R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Hepatitis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Epson, EE (reprint author), Calif Dept Publ Hlth, Healthcare Associated Infect Program, Ctr Healthcare Qual, 850 Marina Bay Pkwy, Richmond, CA 94804 USA.; Spradling, PR (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Hepatitis, Natl Ctr HIV Hepatitis Sexually Transmitted Dis &, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM Erin.Epson@cdph.ca.gov; pspradling@cdc.gov FU US government FX US government NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU W B SAUNDERS CO LTD PI LONDON PA 32 JAMESTOWN RD, LONDON NW1 7BY, ENGLAND SN 0033-3506 EI 1476-5616 J9 PUBLIC HEALTH JI Public Health PD JUL PY 2016 VL 136 BP 144 EP 151 DI 10.1016/j.puhe.2016.03.027 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DQ0RC UT WOS:000378906600020 PM 27156991 ER PT J AU Killmaster, LF Levin, ML AF Killmaster, Lindsay F. Levin, Michael L. TI Isolation and Short-Term Persistence of Ehrlichia ewingii in Cell Culture SO VECTOR-BORNE AND ZOONOTIC DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Cell culture; Ehrlichia ewingii; In vitro propagation ID AMBLYOMMA-AMERICANUM ACARI; GRANULOCYTIC EHRLICHIOSIS; PREVALENCE; AGENT; IXODIDAE; TRANSMISSION; CHAFFEENSIS; USA AB Ehrlichia ewingii is the causative agent of human and canine granulocytic ehrlichiosis. Since its discovery in 1970, little work has been done to characterize the pathogen or study the transmission dynamics due to the inability to grow the agent in vitro. The aim of this study was to assess the suitability of multiple cell lines and media formulations for propagation of E. ewingii in cell culture. In this study, we present an overview of attempts to isolate E. ewingii from the buffy coat of goats naturally infected by Amblyomma americanum ticks, as well as a methodology for maintaining the pathogen for up to 16 weeks in culture. The most promising results were seen with HL-60 cells differentiated by the addition of 1.5% DMSO to the media and supplemented with 8mM l-glutamine. Cultures were passaged multiple times, and fluorescence and morulae were observed by indirect fluorescent antibody test and Diff-Quik staining. It is our hope that this information will provide a foundation for future attempts to propagate and maintain E. ewingii in cell culture. C1 [Killmaster, Lindsay F.; Levin, Michael L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Rickettsial Zoonoses Branch, US Dept HHS, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS G-13, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Killmaster, Lindsay F.] ARS, SE Poultry Res Lab, USDA, Athens, GA USA. RP Levin, ML (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Rickettsial Zoonoses Branch, US Dept HHS, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS G-13, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM mlevin@cdc.gov NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT, INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1530-3667 EI 1557-7759 J9 VECTOR-BORNE ZOONOT JI Vector-Borne Zoonotic Dis. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 16 IS 7 BP 445 EP 448 DI 10.1089/vbz.2015.1938 PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA DP7BL UT WOS:000378653900002 PM 27228133 ER PT J AU Frieden, TR AF Frieden, Thomas R. TI Ten Things I Wish Someone Had Told Me When I Became a Health Officer SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article ID NEW-YORK-CITY; TRANS-FATTY-ACIDS; PUBLIC-HEALTH; DECLINE; FUTURE AB Public health, like politics, is the art of the possible. To maximize effectiveness, public health officers in any jurisdiction should (1) get good data and ensure timely and effective dissemination; (2) prioritize and tackle more difficult initiatives first; (3) find, fight, and win winnable battles in areas where progress is possible but not ensured without focused, strategic effort; (4) support and hire great people and protect them so they can do their jobs; (5) address communicable diseases and environmental health effectively; (6) do not cede the clinical realm-public health programs depend on clinical care and on effective coordination between health care and public health; (7) learn and manage the budget cycle; (8) manage the context; (9) never surprise their boss; and (10) follow core principles. C1 [Frieden, Thomas R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MSD 14, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Frieden, TR (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MSD 14, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM tfrieden@cdc.gov NR 25 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU AMER PUBLIC HEALTH ASSOC INC PI WASHINGTON PA 800 I STREET, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20001-3710 USA SN 0090-0036 EI 1541-0048 J9 AM J PUBLIC HEALTH JI Am. J. Public Health PD JUL PY 2016 VL 106 IS 7 BP 1214 EP 1218 DI 10.2105/AJPH.2016.303204 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DO7CL UT WOS:000377939700038 PM 27196660 ER PT J AU Kostygina, G England, L Ling, P AF Kostygina, Ganna England, Lucinda Ling, Pamela TI New Product Marketing Blurs the Line Between Nicotine Replacement Therapy and Smokeless Tobacco Products SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article ID CIGARETTE-SMOKING; GUM; IMPACT AB Tobacco companies have begun to acquire pharmaceutical subsidiaries and recently started to market nicotine replacement therapies, such as Zonnic nicotine gum, in convenience stores. Conversely, tobacco companies are producing tobacco products such as tobacco chewing gum and lozenges that resemble pharmaceutical nicotine replacement products, including a nicotine pouch product that resembles snus pouches. This convergence of nicotine and tobacco product marketing has implications for regulation and tobacco cessation. C1 [Kostygina, Ganna; Ling, Pamela] Univ Calif San Francisco, Ctr Tobacco Control Res & Educ, 530 Parnassus Ave,Suite 366,Box 1390, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Kostygina, Ganna; Ling, Pamela] Univ Calif San Francisco, Div Gen Internal Med, Dept Med, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [England, Lucinda] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Ling, P (reprint author), Univ Calif San Francisco, Ctr Tobacco Control Res & Educ, 530 Parnassus Ave,Suite 366,Box 1390, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. EM pamela.ling@ucsf.edu FU National Cancer Institute [R01-CA141661] FX This research was supported by the National Cancer Institute (grant R01-CA141661). NR 29 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 2 PU AMER PUBLIC HEALTH ASSOC INC PI WASHINGTON PA 800 I STREET, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20001-3710 USA SN 0090-0036 EI 1541-0048 J9 AM J PUBLIC HEALTH JI Am. J. Public Health PD JUL PY 2016 VL 106 IS 7 BP 1219 EP 1222 DI 10.2105/AJPH.2016.303057 PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DO7CL UT WOS:000377939700039 PM 27077338 ER PT J AU Srinivasan, P Zhang, JN Martin, A Kelley, K McNicholl, JM Buckheit, RW Smith, JM Ham, AS AF Srinivasan, Priya Zhang, Jining Martin, Amy Kelley, Kristin McNicholl, Janet M. Buckheit, Robert W., Jr. Smith, James M. Ham, Anthony S. TI Safety and Pharmacokinetics of Quick-Dissolving Polymeric Vaginal Films Delivering the Antiretroviral IQP-0528 for Preexposure Prophylaxis SO ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY LA English DT Article ID TENOFOVIR DISOPROXIL FUMARATE; HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; SEXUALLY-TRANSMITTED-DISEASES; MICROBICIDE GEL FORMULATION; HIV PREVENTION; DRUG-DELIVERY; INTRAVAGINAL RING; AFRICAN WOMEN; ANIMAL-MODELS; BIODEGRADABLE NANOPARTICLES AB For human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) prevention, microbicides or drugs delivered as quick-dissolving films may be more acceptable to women than gels because of their compact size, minimal waste, lack of an applicator, and easier storage and transport. This has the potential to improve adherence to promising products for preexposure prophylaxis. Vaginal films containing IQP-0528, a nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor, were evaluated for their pharmacokinetics in pigtailed macaques. Polymeric films (22 by 44 by 0.1 mm; providing 75% of a human dose) containing IQP-0528 (1.5%, wt/wt) with and without poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticle encapsulation were inserted vaginally into pigtailed macaques in a crossover study design (n = 6). With unencapsulated drug, the median (range) vaginal fluid concentrations of IQP-0528 were 160.97 (2.73 to 2,104), 181.79 (1.86 to 15,800), and 484.50 (8.26 to 4,045) mu g/ml at 1, 4, and 24 h after film application, respectively. Median vaginal tissue IQP-0528 concentrations at 24 h were 3.10 (0.03 to 222.58) mu g/g. The values were similar at locations proximal, medial, and distal to the cervix. The IQP-0528 nanoparticle-formulated films delivered IQP-0528 in vaginal tissue and secretions at levels similar to those obtained with the unencapsulated formulation. A single application of either formulation did not disturb the vaginal microflora or the pH (7.24 +/- 0.84 [mean +/- standard deviation]). The high mucosal IQP-0528 levels delivered by both vaginal film formulations were between 1 and 5 log higher than the in vitro 90% inhibitory concentration (IC90) of 0.146 mu g/ml. The excellent coverage and high mucosal levels of IQP-0528, well above the IC90, suggest that the films may be protective and warrant further evaluation in a vaginal repeated low dose simian-human immunodeficiency virus (SHIV) transmission study in macaques and clinically in women. C1 [Srinivasan, Priya; Martin, Amy; McNicholl, Janet M.; Smith, James M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Zhang, Jining] Total Solut Inc, Atlanta, GA USA. [Kelley, Kristin] McNeal Profess, Atlanta, GA USA. [Buckheit, Robert W., Jr.; Ham, Anthony S.] ImQuest BioSci Inc, Frederick, MD 21704 USA. RP Ham, AS (reprint author), ImQuest BioSci Inc, Frederick, MD 21704 USA. EM aham@imquestbio.com FU HHS \ National Institutes of Health (NIH) [5R33AI088586]; HHS \ Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) FX This work, including the efforts of Anthony S. Ham, was funded by HHS vertical bar National Institutes of Health (NIH) (5R33AI088586). This work, including the efforts of James M. Smith, was funded by HHS vertical bar Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). NR 83 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 5 U2 6 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0066-4804 EI 1098-6596 J9 ANTIMICROB AGENTS CH JI Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 60 IS 7 BP 4140 EP 4150 DI 10.1128/AAC.00082-16 PG 11 WC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA DO9GW UT WOS:000378094400032 PM 27139475 ER PT J AU Clark, SJ Cowan, AE Filipp, SL Fisher, AM Stokley, S AF Clark, Sarah J. Cowan, Anne E. Filipp, Stephanie L. Fisher, Allison M. Stokley, Shannon TI Parent Perception of Provider Interactions Influences HPV Vaccination Status of Adolescent Females SO CLINICAL PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article DE human papillomavirus (HPV); HPV vaccine; parent-provider communication; adolescent females ID HUMAN-PAPILLOMAVIRUS VACCINATION; UNITED-STATES; IMMUNIZATION; CARE; HESITANCY; COVERAGE AB Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination coverage among adolescent females is well below national public health goals. Many known barriers to HPV vaccine receipt can be addressed in parent-physician conversations. This study sought to explore parent experiences and attitudes related to HPV vaccination of adolescent girls, focused on interactions with providers. We conducted a cross-sectional survey of parents using a nationally representative online panel. Among parents with 1 daughter aged 11 to 17 years, provider recommendations for HPV vaccine and specified age to begin the HPV vaccine series were associated with HPV vaccine status. Parents who reported their daughters were unlikely to complete the HPV series were more likely to have had no discussion of HPV vaccine with the provider. Efforts to increase HPV vaccination rates among adolescent females should continue to focus on improving provider discussion of HPV vaccine. C1 [Clark, Sarah J.; Cowan, Anne E.; Filipp, Stephanie L.] Univ Michigan, Child Hlth Evaluat & Res CHEAR Unit, 300 North Ingalls,6E06, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Fisher, Allison M.; Stokley, Shannon] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Clark, SJ (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Child Hlth Evaluat & Res CHEAR Unit, 300 North Ingalls,6E06, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. EM saclark@umich.edu FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [5-U48-DP-001901] FX The author(s) disclosed receipt of the following financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article: This work is a product of a Prevention Research Center and was supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention through Cooperative Agreement #5-U48-DP-001901. NR 16 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 5 U2 5 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 0009-9228 EI 1938-2707 J9 CLIN PEDIATR JI Clin. Pediatr. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 55 IS 8 BP 701 EP 706 DI 10.1177/0009922815610629 PG 6 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA DP3NV UT WOS:000378402500003 PM 26450982 ER PT J AU Fernandes, JD Ogurtsova, K Linnenkamp, U Guariguata, L Seuring, T Zhang, P Cavan, D Makaroff, LE AF Fernandes, Joao da Rocha Ogurtsova, Katherine Linnenkamp, Ute Guariguata, Leonor Seuring, Till Zhang, Ping Cavan, David Makaroff, Lydia E. TI IDF Diabetes Atlas estimates of 2014 global health expenditures on diabetes SO DIABETES RESEARCH AND CLINICAL PRACTICE LA English DT Article DE Diabetes mellitus; IDF; Economic burden; Health economics; Expenditures; Cost ID ECONOMIC BURDEN; MELLITUS; COST; PREVENT; INTERVENTIONS; COMPLICATIONS; PREVALENCE; METFORMIN; ADULTS AB Aims: To estimate health expenditures due to diabetes in 2014 for the world and its regions. Methods: Diabetes-attributable health expenditures were estimated using an attributable fraction method. Data were sourced from International Diabetes Federation (IDF) estimates of diabetes prevalence, UN population projections, WHO annual health expenditure reports, and estimates of the cost ratio of people with and without diabetes. Health expenditures were calculated in both US dollars (USD) and international dollars (ID). Results: The average health expenditure per person with diabetes worldwide in 2014 was estimated to range from USD 1583 (ID 1742) to USD 2842 (ID 3110). The estimated annual global health expenditure attributable to diabetes ranged from USD 612 billion (ID 673 billion) to USD 1099 billion (ID 1202 billion). Together, the North America and Caribbean Region and the Europe Region were responsible for over 69% of the costs, and less than 10% of the costs were from the Africa Region, South East Asia Region, and Middle East and North Africa Region combined. The North America and Caribbean Region had the highest annual spending per person with diabetes (USD 7984 [ID 8040.39]), while the South East Asia Region had the lowest annual spending per person with diabetes (USD 92 [ID 234]). Conclusions: Diabetes imposes a large economic burden on health care systems across the world, yet varies across world regions. Diabetes prevention and effective management of diabetes should be a public health priority to reduce the financial burden. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Fernandes, Joao da Rocha; Ogurtsova, Katherine; Linnenkamp, Ute; Guariguata, Leonor; Seuring, Till; Cavan, David; Makaroff, Lydia E.] Int Diabet Federat, Brussels, Belgium. [Zhang, Ping] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Diabet Translat, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Makaroff, LE (reprint author), Int Diabet Federat, Brussels, Belgium. EM joao.fernandes@idf.org; katherine.ogurtsova@idf.org; ute_linnenkamp@gmx.de; leonor.guariguata@gmail.com; till.seuring@gmail.com; paz2@cdc.gov; david.cavan@idf.org; lydia.makaroff@idf.org OI Guariguata, Leonor/0000-0003-1682-7160; Seuring, Till/0000-0001-8090-3514 FU Lilly Diabetes; Merck and Co, Inc.; Novo Nordisk A/S; Novo Nordisk Changing Diabetes initiative; Pfizer, Inc; Sanofi Diabetes FX The IDF Diabetes Atlas 6th edition was supported by funding by: Lilly Diabetes, Merck and Co, Inc., Novo Nordisk A/S supported through an unrestricted grant by the Novo Nordisk Changing Diabetes initiative, Pfizer, Inc, and Sanofi Diabetes. The sponsors had no involvement in the study design, data collection, data analysis, data interpretation, report writing, nor in the decision to submit the article for publication. NR 26 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 17 U2 21 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 0168-8227 EI 1872-8227 J9 DIABETES RES CLIN PR JI Diabetes Res. Clin. Pract. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 117 BP 48 EP 54 DI 10.1016/j.diabres.2016.04.016 PG 7 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA DO9FY UT WOS:000378091600008 ER PT J AU Teitelman, AM Jemmott, JB Bellamy, SL Icard, LD O'Leary, A Heeren, GA Ngwane, Z Ratcliffe, SJ AF Teitelman, Anne M. Jemmott, John B., III Bellamy, Scarlett L. Icard, Larry D. O'Leary, Ann Heeren, G. Anita Ngwane, Zolani Ratcliffe, Sarah J. TI Partner Violence, Power, and Gender Differences in South African Adolescents' HIV/Sexually Transmitted Infections Risk Behaviors SO HEALTH PSYCHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE HIV; Africa; sexual behavior; adolescent; partner abuse ID RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; SEXUAL RELATIONSHIP POWER; DATING VIOLENCE; REDUCTION INTERVENTION; CONDOM USE; HIV RISK; YOUNG-WOMEN; PREVALENCE; HEALTH; GIRLS AB Objectives: Low relationship power and victimization by intimate partner violence (IPV) have been linked to HIV risks among adult and adolescent women. This article examines associations of IPV and relationship power with sexual-risk behaviors and whether the associations differ by gender among South African adolescents. Method: Sexual-risk behaviors (multiple partners in past 3 months; condom use at last sex), IPV, and relationship power were collected from 786 sexually experienced adolescents (mean age = 16.9) in Eastern Cape Province, South Africa, during the 54-month follow-up of a HIV/sexually transmitted infection (STI) risk-reduction intervention trial. The data were analyzed with logistic regression models. Results: Adolescent boys were less likely to report condom use at last sex (p = .001) and more likely to report multiple partners (p < .001). A Gender x IPV interaction (p = .002) revealed that as IPV victimization increased, self-reported condom use at last sex decreased among girls, but increased among boys. A Gender x Relationship Power interaction (p = .004) indicated that as relationship power increased, self-reported condom use at last sex increased among girls, but decreased among boys. A Gender x IPV interaction (p = .004) indicated that as IPV victimization increased, self-reports of having multiple partners increased among boys, but not among girls. As relationship power increased, self-reports of having multiple partners decreased irrespective of gender. Conclusions: HIV risk-reduction interventions and policies should address gender differences in sexual-risk consequences of IPV and relationship power among adolescents and promote gender equity. C1 [Teitelman, Anne M.] Univ Penn, Sch Nursing, 418 Curie Blvd Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Jemmott, John B., III; Bellamy, Scarlett L.; Ratcliffe, Sarah J.] Univ Penn, Perelman Sch Med, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Jemmott, John B., III; Heeren, G. Anita] Univ Penn, Annenberg Sch Commun, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Icard, Larry D.] Temple Univ, Sch Social Work, Philadelphia, PA 19122 USA. [O'Leary, Ann] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Ngwane, Zolani] Haverford Coll, Dept Anthropol, Haverford, PA 19041 USA. RP Teitelman, AM (reprint author), Univ Penn, Sch Nursing, 418 Curie Blvd Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. EM teitelm@nursing.upenn.edu OI Ratcliffe, Sarah/0000-0002-6644-8284 FU National Institute of Mental Health [R01 MH065867, K01 MH080649]; Penn Center for AIDS Research - National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases [P30 AI045008] FX The findings and conclusions in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. This research was supported by National Institute of Mental Health Grants R01 MH065867 and K01 MH080649, with additional support from the Penn Center for AIDS Research, funded by National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases Grant P30 AI045008. The National Institute of Mental Health and the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases had no role in the design and conduct of the study; collection, management, analysis, and interpretation of the data; and preparation, review, or approval of the manuscript. We appreciate the contributions of Craig Carty, Janet Hsu, Loretta S. Jemmott, Pretty Ndyebi, Lulama Sidloyi, and Joanne C. Tyler, without which this research would not have been possible. NR 39 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 6 U2 6 PU AMER PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOC PI WASHINGTON PA 750 FIRST ST NE, WASHINGTON, DC 20002-4242 USA SN 0278-6133 EI 1930-7810 J9 HEALTH PSYCHOL JI Health Psychol. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 35 IS 7 BP 751 EP 760 DI 10.1037/hea0000351 PG 10 WC Psychology, Clinical; Psychology SC Psychology GA DP1GJ UT WOS:000378238200012 PM 27111184 ER PT J AU Castro, KG Marks, SM Chen, MP Hill, AN Becerra, JE Miramontes, R Winston, CA Navin, TR Pratt, RH Young, KH LoBue, PA AF Castro, K. G. Marks, S. M. Chen, M. P. Hill, A. N. Becerra, J. E. Miramontes, R. Winston, C. A. Navin, T. R. Pratt, R. H. Young, K. H. LoBue, P. A. TI Estimating tuberculosis cases and their economic costs averted in the United States over the past two decades SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF TUBERCULOSIS AND LUNG DISEASE LA English DT Article DE TB; public health benefits and costs; low incidence country; United States ID MULTIDRUG-RESISTANT TUBERCULOSIS; ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; TRENDS; IMPACT AB BACKGROUND: Following a concerted public health response to the resurgence of tuberculosis (TB) in the United States in the late 1980s, annual TB incidence decreased substantially. However, no estimates exist of the number and cost savings of TB cases averted. METHODS: TB cases averted in the United States during 1995-2014 were estimated: Scenario 1 used a static 1992 case rate; Scenario 2 applied the 1992 rate to foreign-born cases, and a pre-resurgence 5.1% annual decline to US-born cases; and a statistical model assessed human immunodeficiency virus and TB program indices. We applied the cost of illness to estimate the societal benefits (costs averted) in 2014 dollars. RESULTS: During 1992-2014, 368 184 incident TB cases were reported, and cases decreased by two thirds during that period. In the scenarios and statistical model, TB cases averted during 1995-2014 ranged from approximately 145 000 to 319 000. The societal benefits of averted TB cases ranged from US$3.1 to US$6.7 billion, excluding deaths, and from US$6.7 to US$14.5 billion, including deaths. CONCLUSIONS: Coordinated efforts in TB control and prevention in the United States yielded a remarkable number of TB cases averted and societal economic benefits. We illustrate the value of concerted action and targeted public health funding. C1 [Castro, K. G.] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Hubert Dept Global Hlth, 1518 Clifton Rd NE,CNR 6013,Mailstop 1518-002-7BB, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Castro, K. G.] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, 1518 Clifton Rd NE,CNR 6013,Mailstop 1518-002-7BB, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Castro, K. G.; Marks, S. M.; Chen, M. P.; Hill, A. N.; Becerra, J. E.; Miramontes, R.; Winston, C. A.; Navin, T. R.; Pratt, R. H.; Young, K. H.; LoBue, P. A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Div TB Eliminat, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Castro, KG (reprint author), Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Hubert Dept Global Hlth, 1518 Clifton Rd NE,CNR 6013,Mailstop 1518-002-7BB, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA.; Castro, KG (reprint author), Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, 1518 Clifton Rd NE,CNR 6013,Mailstop 1518-002-7BB, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. EM kgcastro1@gmail.com OI Miramontes, Roque/0000-0001-9535-460X FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 33 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU INT UNION AGAINST TUBERCULOSIS LUNG DISEASE (I U A T L D) PI PARIS PA 68 BOULEVARD SAINT-MICHEL,, 75006 PARIS, FRANCE SN 1027-3719 EI 1815-7920 J9 INT J TUBERC LUNG D JI Int. J. Tuberc. Lung Dis. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 20 IS 7 BP 926 EP 933 DI 10.5588/ijtld.15.1001 PG 8 WC Infectious Diseases; Respiratory System SC Infectious Diseases; Respiratory System GA DP0ON UT WOS:000378189200016 PM 27287646 ER PT J AU Emerson, C Lipke, V Kapata, N Mwananyambe, N Mwinga, A Garekwe, M Lanje, S Moshe, Y Pals, SL Nakashima, AK Miller, B AF Emerson, C. Lipke, V. Kapata, N. Mwananyambe, N. Mwinga, A. Garekwe, M. Lanje, S. Moshe, Y. Pals, S. L. Nakashima, A. K. Miller, B. TI Evaluation of a TB infection control implementation initiative in out-patient HIV clinics in Zambia and Botswana SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF TUBERCULOSIS AND LUNG DISEASE LA English DT Article DE health care workers; monitoring; risk reduction; nosocomial transmission ID DRUG-RESISTANT TUBERCULOSIS; HEALTH-CARE WORKERS; RESOURCE-LIMITED SETTINGS; NOSOCOMIAL TRANSMISSION; MULTIDRUG-RESISTANT; SOUTH-AFRICA; HOSPITALS; EFFICACY; ERA AB SETTING: Out-patient human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) care and treatment clinics in Zambia and Botswana, countries with a high burden of HIV and TB infection. OBJECTIVE: To develop a tuberculosis infection control (TB IC) training and implementation package and evaluate the implementation of TB IC activities in facilities implementing the package. DESIGN: Prospective program evaluation of a TB IC training and implementation package using a standardized facility risk assessment tool, qualitative interviews with facility health care workers and measures of pre and post-test performance. RESULTS: A composite measure of facility performance in TB IC improved from 32% at baseline to 50% at 1 year among eight facilities in Zambia, and from 27% to 80% at 6 months among 10 facilities in Botswana. Although there was marked improvement in indicators of managerial, administrative and environmental controls, key ongoing challenges remained in ensuring access to personal protective equipment and implementing TB screening in health care workers. CONCLUSION: TB IC activities at out-patient HIV clinics in Zambia and Botswana improved after training using the implementation package. Continued infrastructure support, as well as monitoring and evaluation, are needed to support the scale-up and sustainability of TB IC programs in facilities in low-resource countries. C1 [Emerson, C.; Lipke, V.; Pals, S. L.; Nakashima, A. K.; Miller, B.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, CDC, Atlanta, GA USA. [Kapata, N.] Zambia Minist Hlth, Lusaka, Zambia. [Mwananyambe, N.] CDC Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia. [Mwinga, A.] Zambia AIDS Related TB ZAMBART Project, Lusaka, Zambia. [Garekwe, M.] Botswana Minist Hlth, Gaborone, Botswana. [Lanje, S.] CDC Botswana, Gaborone, Botswana. [Moshe, Y.] African Comprehens HIV AIDS Partnership ACHAP, Gaborone, Botswana. RP Emerson, C (reprint author), US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global HIV TB, Ctr Global Hlth, 1600 Clifton Rd E-04, Atlanta, GA 30033 USA. EM Iud6@cdc.goy FU President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR), Washington DC, USA FX The authors thank the health care workers who provided input and tuberculosis infection control (TB IC) services; the Zambia National TB and Leprosy Program, Zambia Ministry of Health, Lusaka, Zambia, the Botswana National TB Program, Gaborone, Botswana, and the African Comprehensive HIV/AIDS Partnership, Gaborone, Botswana, for their leadership and collaboration on this evaluation; and the President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR), Washington DC, USA, for funding the evaluation. Data were partially presented at the 44th Union World Conference on Lung Health, 30 October-2 November 2013, Paris, France (abstract number OP-268-03: Evaluation of a TB IC training and implementation package for HIV clinics and outpatient clinics in resource-limited settings, Zambia, and abstract number PC-695-02: A continuous quality improvement approach to implementing TB IC differently in Botswana). The findings and conclusions are of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of PEPFAR, the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention or the Governments of Zambia or Botswana. NR 22 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU INT UNION AGAINST TUBERCULOSIS LUNG DISEASE (I U A T L D) PI PARIS PA 68 BOULEVARD SAINT-MICHEL,, 75006 PARIS, FRANCE SN 1027-3719 EI 1815-7920 J9 INT J TUBERC LUNG D JI Int. J. Tuberc. Lung Dis. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 20 IS 7 BP 941 EP 947 DI 10.5588/ijtld.15.0892 PG 7 WC Infectious Diseases; Respiratory System SC Infectious Diseases; Respiratory System GA DP0ON UT WOS:000378189200018 PM 27287648 ER PT J AU Newton-Levinson, A Leichliter, JS Chandra-Mouli, V AF Newton-Levinson, Anna Leichliter, Jami S. Chandra-Mouli, Venkatraman TI Sexually Transmitted Infection Services for Adolescents and Youth in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: Perceived and Experienced Barriers to Accessing Care SO JOURNAL OF ADOLESCENT HEALTH LA English DT Review DE Adolescent; Youth; STI; STD; Health services; Access; Barriers ID REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH-SERVICES; YOUNG-PEOPLE; QUALITATIVE RESEARCH; DISEASES; PERCEPTIONS; PROVISION; STANDARDS; AWARENESS; AFRICA; STIGMA AB Purpose: Access to sexual and reproductive health (SRH) services is vital for sexually active adolescents; yet, their SRH care needs are often unmet. Methods: We conducted a qualitative systematic review of mixed methods studies to assess adolescent and provider views of barriers to seeking appropriate medical care for sexually transmitted infection (STI) services for adolescents. We searched peer-reviewed literature for studies published between 2001 and 2014 with a study population of youth (aged 10-24 years) and/or health service providers. Nineteen studies were identified for inclusion from 15 countries. Thematic analyses identified key themes across the studies. Results: Findings suggest that youth lacked knowledge about STIs and services. In addition, youth experienced barriers related to service availability and a lack of integration of services. The most reported barriers were related to acceptability of services. Youth reported avoiding services or having confidentiality concerns based on provider demographics and some behaviors. Finally, experiences of shame and stigma were common barriers to seeking care. Conclusions: Adolescents in low-and middle-income countries experience significant barriers in obtaining STI and SRH services. Improving uptake may require efforts to address clinic systems and provider attitudes, including confidentiality issues. Moreover, addressing barriers to STI services may require addressing cultural norms related to adolescent sexuality. (C) 2016 Society for Adolescent Health and Medicine. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Newton-Levinson, Anna] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Behav Sci & Hlth Educ, 1518 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Newton-Levinson, Anna; Leichliter, Jami S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div STD Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Chandra-Mouli, Venkatraman] WHO, Dept Reprod Hlth & Res, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. RP Newton-Levinson, A (reprint author), Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Behav Sci & Hlth Educ, 1518 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. EM anewto3@emory.edu FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999]; World Health Organization [001] NR 50 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 9 U2 14 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1054-139X EI 1879-1972 J9 J ADOLESCENT HEALTH JI J. Adolesc. Health PD JUL PY 2016 VL 59 IS 1 BP 7 EP 16 DI 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2016.03.014 PG 10 WC Psychology, Developmental; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Pediatrics SC Psychology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Pediatrics GA DP0TL UT WOS:000378202300004 PM 27338664 ER PT J AU Miller, GF Sliwa, S Brener, ND Park, S Merlo, CL AF Miller, Gabrielle F. Sliwa, Sarah Brener, Nancy D. Park, Sohyun Merlo, Caitlin L. TI School District Policies and Adolescents' Soda Consumption SO JOURNAL OF ADOLESCENT HEALTH LA English DT Article DE SSB; Nutrition education; District policies; SHPPS; YRBSS ID SUGAR-SWEETENED BEVERAGE; UNITED-STATES; FOOD ENVIRONMENTS; YOUNG-CHILDREN; DIETARY-INTAKE; WEIGHT STATUS; AVAILABILITY; STUDENTS; BEHAVIOR; OBESITY AB Purpose: Sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) are a significant source of calories and added sugars for youth ages 14-18 years in the United States. This study examined the relationship between district-level policies and practices and students' consumption of regular soda, one type of SSB, in 12 large urban school districts. Methods: Data from the 2012 School Health Policies and Practices Study and 2013 Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System were linked by district. The outcome variable was soda consumption and exposure variables were district policies. We used multivariable logistic regression analyses to calculate adjusted odds ratios (AORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) after controlling for student characteristics and district free/reduced-price meal eligibility. Results: About 18% of students reported consuming regular soda at least once per day. Most districts required high schools to have nutrition education, maintain closed campuses, and required/ recommended that schools restrict promotional products and sale of beverages. Fewer districts required/recommended that schools offer healthful alternative beverages. Students in districts that restricted promotional products had lower odds of regular soda consumption (AOR =.84, 95% CI = .71-1.00), as did students in districts that restricted access to SSBs and offered healthful beverages when other beverages were available (AOR = .72, 95% CI = .54-.93, AOR = .76, 95% CI = .63-.91). Conclusions: This study demonstrates that certain district-level policies are associated with student consumption of regular soda. These findings add to a growing consensus that policies and practices that influence the availability of healthier foods and beverages are needed across multiple settings. Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of Society for Adolescent Health and Medicine. C1 [Miller, Gabrielle F.; Sliwa, Sarah; Merlo, Caitlin L.] CDC, Div Populat Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Brener, Nancy D.] CDC, Div Adolescent & Sch Hlth, Natl Ctr HIV Aids Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Park, Sohyun] CDC, Div Nutr Phys Act & Obes, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Miller, GF (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Anal Res & Practice Integrat, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, 4770 Buford Highway,MS F-64, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM gferro@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 39 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 9 U2 14 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1054-139X EI 1879-1972 J9 J ADOLESCENT HEALTH JI J. Adolesc. Health PD JUL PY 2016 VL 59 IS 1 BP 17 EP 23 DI 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2016.02.003 PG 7 WC Psychology, Developmental; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Pediatrics SC Psychology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Pediatrics GA DP0TL UT WOS:000378202300005 PM 27021401 ER PT J AU Swaims-Kohlmeier, A Haaland, RE Haddad, LB Sheth, AN Evans-Strickfaden, T Lupo, LD Cordes, S Aguirre, AJ Lupoli, KA Chen, CY Ofotukun, I Hart, CE Kohlmeier, JE AF Swaims-Kohlmeier, Alison Haaland, Richard E. Haddad, Lisa B. Sheth, Anandi N. Evans-Strickfaden, Tammy Lupo, L. Davis Cordes, Sarah Aguirre, Alfredo J. Lupoli, Kathryn A. Chen, Cheng-Yen Ofotukun, Igho Hart, Clyde E. Kohlmeier, Jacob E. TI Progesterone Levels Associate with a Novel Population of CCR5(+)CD38(+) CD4 T Cells Resident in the Genital Mucosa with Lymphoid Trafficking Potential SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SIMIAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS; FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE-TRACT; CHEMOKINE RECEPTOR; PERIPHERAL-TISSUES; MENSTRUAL-CYCLE; HIV-INFECTION; CONTRACEPTIVE USE; MEMORY; PROTECTION; SUSCEPTIBILITY AB The female genital tract (FGT) provides a means of entry to pathogens, including HIV, yet immune cell populations at this barrier between host and environment are not well defined. We initiated a study of healthy women to characterize resident T cell populations in the lower FGT from lavage and patient-matched peripheral blood to investigate potential mechanisms of HIV sexual transmission. Surprisingly, we observed FGT CD4 T cell populations were primarily CCR7(hi), consistent with a central memory or recirculating memory T cell phenotype. In addition, roughly half of these CCR7(hi) CD4 T cells expressed CD69, consistent with resident memory T cells, whereas the remaining CCR7(hi) CD4 T cells lacked CD69 expression, consistent with recirculating memory CD4 T cells that traffic between peripheral tissues and lymphoid sites. HIV susceptibility markers CCR5 and CD38 were increased on FGT CCR7(hi) CD4 T cells compared with blood, yet migration to the lymphoid homing chemokines CCL19 and CCL21 was maintained. Infection with GFP-HIV showed that FGT CCR7(hi) memory CD4 T cells are susceptible HIV targets, and productive infection of CCR7(hi) memory T cells did not alter chemotaxis to CCL19 and CCL21. Variations of resident CCR7(hi) FGT CD4 T cell populations were detected during the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle, and longitudinal analysis showed the frequency of this population positively correlated to progesterone levels. These data provide evidence women may acquire HIV through local infection of migratory CCR7(hi) CD4 T cells, and progesterone levels predict opportunities for HIV to access these novel target cells. C1 [Swaims-Kohlmeier, Alison; Haaland, Richard E.; Evans-Strickfaden, Tammy; Lupo, L. Davis; Hart, Clyde E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Haddad, Lisa B.; Cordes, Sarah] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Gynecol & Obstet, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Sheth, Anandi N.; Aguirre, Alfredo J.; Ofotukun, Igho] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Lupoli, Kathryn A.; Chen, Cheng-Yen] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div STD Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Kohlmeier, Jacob E.] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. RP Kohlmeier, JE (reprint author), Emory Univ, Sch Med, 1510 Clifton Rd,RRC 3133, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. EM jkohlmeier@emory.edu FU U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Emory University; National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences of the National Institutes of Health [KLR2TR000455, UL1TR000454]; National Institutes of Health [K23HD078153, K23AI114407, HL122559]; Center for AIDS Research at Emory University [P30AI050409] FX This work was supported by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and Emory University and in part by the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences of the National Institutes of Health (Grants KLR2TR000455 and UL1TR000454). This work was also supported by Grants K23HD078153 (to L.B.H.), K23AI114407 (to A.N.S.), and HL122559 (to J.E.K.) from the National Institutes of Health and facilitated by the Center for AIDS Research at Emory University (Grant P30AI050409). NR 60 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER ASSOC IMMUNOLOGISTS PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-1767 EI 1550-6606 J9 J IMMUNOL JI J. Immunol. PD JUL 1 PY 2016 VL 197 IS 1 BP 368 EP 376 DI 10.4049/jimmuno1.1502628 PG 9 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA DO9GQ UT WOS:000378093700037 PM 27233960 ER PT J AU Lee-Kwan, SH Pan, LP Maynard, LM McGuire, LC Park, S AF Lee-Kwan, Seung Hee Pan, Liping Maynard, Leah M. McGuire, Lisa C. Park, Sohyun TI Factors Associated with Self-Reported Menu-Labeling Usage among US Adults SO JOURNAL OF THE ACADEMY OF NUTRITION AND DIETETICS LA English DT Article DE Menu labeling; Sociodemographics; Behaviors; Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS); Adults ID FAST-FOOD CONSUMPTION; CALORIE INFORMATION; CHAIN RESTAURANTS; IMPACT; ENVIRONMENTS; AWARENESS; CHOICES; ENERGY; POLICY AB Background Menu labeling can help people select foods and beverages with fewer calories and is a potential population-based strategy to reduce obesity and diet-related chronic diseases in the United States. Objective The aim of this cross-sectional study was to examine the prevalence of menu-labeling use among adults and its association with sociodemographic, behavioral, and policy factors. Methods The 2012 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System data from 17 states, which included 100,141 adults who noticed menu labeling at fast-food or chain restaurants ("When calorie information is available in the restaurant, how often does this information help you decide what to order?") were used. Menu-labeling use was categorized as frequent (always/most of the time), moderate (half the time/sometimes), and never. Multinomial logistic regression was used to examine associations among sociodemographic, behavioral, and policy factors with menu-labeling use. Results Overall, of adults who noticed menu labeling, 25.6% reported frequent use of menu labeling, 31.6% reported moderate use, and 42.7% reported that they never use menu labeling. Compared with never users, frequent users were significantly more likely to be younger, female, nonwhite, more educated, high-income, adults who were overweight or obese, physically active, former-or never-smokers, less than daily (< 1 time/day) consumers of sugar-sweetened beverage, and living in states where menulabeling legislation was enacted or proposed. Conclusions Menu labeling is one method that consumers can use to help reduce their calorie consumption from restaurants. These findings can be used to develop targeted interventions to increase menu-labeling use among subpopulations with lower use. C1 [Lee-Kwan, Seung Hee] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, DNPAO, Atlanta, GA USA. [Lee-Kwan, Seung Hee] CDC, Epidem Intelligence Serv Program, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Pan, Liping; Maynard, Leah M.; Park, Sohyun] CDC, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, DNPAO, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [McGuire, Lisa C.] CDC, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Div Populat Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [McGuire, Lisa C.] CDC, DNPAO, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Lee-Kwan, SH (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Div Nutr Phys Act & Obes, 4770 Buford Hwy,MS F-77, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM sleekwan@cdc.gov NR 32 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 2212-2672 EI 2212-2680 J9 J ACAD NUTR DIET JI J. Acad. Nutr. Diet. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 116 IS 7 BP 1127 EP 1135 DI 10.1016/j.jand.2015.12.015 PG 9 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA DP2OW UT WOS:000378329600011 PM 26875022 ER PT J AU Feng, ZL Zheng, YQ Hernandez-Ceron, N Zhao, H Glasser, JW Hill, AN AF Feng, Zhilan Zheng, Yiqiang Hernandez-Ceron, Nancy Zhao, Henry Glasser, John W. Hill, Andrew N. TI Mathematical models of Ebola-Consequences of underlying assumptions SO MATHEMATICAL BIOSCIENCES LA English DT Article DE Mathematical models; Ebola; Arbitrarily distributed disease stage; Exponential waiting time; Model assumptions ID EPIDEMIC MODELS; DISTRIBUTIONS; DYNAMICS; PERIODS AB Mathematical models have been used to study Ebola disease transmission dynamics and control for the recent epidemics in West Africa. Many of the models used in these studies are based on the model of Legrand et al. (2007), and most failed to accurately project the outbreak's course (Butler, 2014). Although there could be many reasons for this, including incomplete and unreliable data on Ebola epidemiology and lack of empirical data on how disease-control measures quantitatively affect Ebola transmission, we examine the underlying assumptions of the Legrand model; and provide alternate formulations that are simpler and provide additional information regarding the epidemiology of Ebola during an outbreak. We developed three models with different assumptions about disease stage durations, one of which simplifies to the Legrand model while the others have more realistic distributions. Control and basic reproduction numbers for all three models are derived and shown to provide threshold conditions for outbreak control and prevention. (C) 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Feng, Zhilan; Zheng, Yiqiang; Zhao, Henry] Purdue Univ, Dept Math, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Hernandez-Ceron, Nancy] Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Glasser, John W.; Hill, Andrew N.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Feng, ZL (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Dept Math, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. EM fengz@purdue.edu NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 9 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0025-5564 EI 1879-3134 J9 MATH BIOSCI JI Math. Biosci. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 277 BP 89 EP 107 DI 10.1016/j.mbs.2016.04.002 PG 19 WC Biology; Mathematical & Computational Biology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Mathematical & Computational Biology GA DP3BA UT WOS:000378366200009 PM 27130854 ER PT J AU Kurth, L Doney, B Halldin, C AF Kurth, Laura Doney, Brent Halldin, Cara TI Prevalence of airflow obstruction among ever-employed US adults aged 18-79 years by longest held occupation group: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2007-2010 SO OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID POPULATION; DISEASE AB Objectives To estimate the prevalence of spirometry-defined airflow obstruction among ever-employed US adults. Methods Data from the 2007 to 2010 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) for adults 18-79 years with valid spirometry and longest held occupation were analysed. The age-standardised prevalence of spirometry-defined airflow obstruction was estimated overall and by smoking status. Results Age-standardised prevalence of airflow obstruction was 13.7% (95% CI 12.4% to 15.0%) and was highest in participants aged 60-79 years (17.4%, 95% CI 15.2% to 19.6%), males (14.8%, 95% CI 12.0% to 17.6%), non-Hispanic whites (15.4%, 95% CI 13.8% to 16.7%) and ever smokers (19.1%, 95% CI 16.6% to 21.5%). Age-standardised prevalence of airflow obstruction was >20% for installation, maintenance and repair occupations (p=22.1%, 95% CI 16.5% to 27.8%), and for construction and extraction occupations (20.7%, 95% CI 13.5% to 27.9%). Conclusions Prevalence of airflow obstruction varied by demographic characteristics and occupational factors with a higher prevalence among ever smokers for most demographic characteristics and occupational factors. Study findings emphasise the importance of monitoring the lung function of workers in occupations with a high prevalence of airflow obstruction. C1 [Kurth, Laura; Doney, Brent; Halldin, Cara] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Resp Hlth Div, NIOSH, 1095 Willowdale Rd, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. RP Kurth, L (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Resp Hlth Div, NIOSH, 1095 Willowdale Rd, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. EM vrz6@cdc.gov FU National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) FX The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) supported the salaries of the authors. This work was performed by NIOSH employees as part of their work. NR 11 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 3 PU BMJ PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 1351-0711 EI 1470-7926 J9 OCCUP ENVIRON MED JI Occup. Environ. Med. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 73 IS 7 BP 482 EP 486 DI 10.1136/oemed-2015-103532 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DO9GV UT WOS:000378094300010 PM 27152013 ER PT J AU Shoemaker, ML White, MC Hawkins, NA Hayes, NS AF Shoemaker, Meredith L. White, Mary C. Hawkins, Nikki A. Hayes, Nikki S. TI Prevalence of Smoking and Obesity Among US Cancer Survivors: Estimates From the National Health Interview Survey, 2008-2012 SO ONCOLOGY NURSING FORUM LA English DT Article DE cancer survivorship; smoking cessation; obesity; smoking ID UNITED-STATES; CESSATION; BEHAVIORS; SMOKERS; WEIGHT; DIAGNOSIS AB Purpose/Objectives: To describe smoking and obesity prevalence among male and female cancer survivors in the United States. Design: Cross-sectional survey. Setting: Household interviews. Sample: 9,753 survey respondents who reported ever having a malignancy, excluding nonmelanoma skin cancers. Methods: Data from the National Health Interview Survey (2008-2012) were used to calculate weighted smoking status prevalence estimates. Cross-tabulations of smoking and weight status were produced, along with Wald chi-square tests and linear contrasts. Main Research Variables: Cancer history, smoking status, obesity status, gender, age, and age at diagnosis. Findings: Seventeen percent of cancer survivors reported current smoking. Female survivors had higher rates of current smoking than males, particularly in the youngest age category. Male survivors who currently smoked had lower obesity prevalence rates than males who previously smoked or never smoked. Among female survivors, 31% were obese and no significant differences were seen in obesity prevalence by smoking status for all ages combined. Conclusions: The findings highlight the variation in smoking status and weight by age and gender. Smoking interventions may need to be targeted to address barriers specific to subgroups of cancer survivors. Implications for Nursing: Nurses can be instrumental in ensuring that survivors receive comprehensive approaches to address both weight and tobacco use to avoid trading one risk for another. C1 [Shoemaker, Meredith L.; White, Mary C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidemiol & Appl Res Branch, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Hawkins, Nikki A.; Hayes, Nikki S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Comprehens Canc Control Branch, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Shoemaker, ML (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidemiol & Appl Res Branch, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM xhr1@cdc.gov NR 26 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU ONCOLOGY NURSING SOC PI PITTSBURGH PA 125 ENTERPRISE DR, PITTSBURGH, PA 15275 USA SN 0190-535X EI 1538-0688 J9 ONCOL NURS FORUM JI Oncol. Nurs. Forum PD JUL PY 2016 VL 43 IS 4 BP 436 EP 441 DI 10.1188/16.ONF.43-04AP PG 6 WC Oncology; Nursing SC Oncology; Nursing GA DO9EO UT WOS:000378087400009 PM 27314186 ER PT J AU Cope, JR Collier, SA Schein, OD Brown, AC Verani, JR Gallen, R Beach, MJ Yoder, JS AF Cope, Jennifer R. Collier, Sarah A. Schein, Oliver D. Brown, Allison C. Verani, Jennifer R. Gallen, Rachel Beach, Michael J. Yoder, Jonathan S. TI Acanthamoeba Keratitis among Rigid Gas Permeable Contact Lens Wearers in the United States, 2005 through 2011 SO OPHTHALMOLOGY LA English DT Article ID MICROBIAL KERATITIS; RISK-FACTORS; ULCERATIVE KERATITIS; MULTISTATE OUTBREAK; DOMESTIC WATER; ORTHOKERATOLOGY; SOFT; USERS; CASTELLANII; PREVALENCE AB Purpose: To describe the clinical presentation and outcomes of Acanthamoeba keratitis (AK) in rigid gas permeable (RGP) contact lens wearers and to identify modifiable risk factors. Design: Case-control investigation. Participants: Patients were RGP contact lens-wearing United States residents with a diagnosis of AK from 2005 through 2011. Controls were RGP contact lens wearers with no history of AK who were at least 12 years of age. Methods: Patients were identified during 2 multistate AK outbreak investigations. Controls from the first investigation in 2007 were identified using a reverse address directory. In the second investigation, controls were recruited from participating ophthalmology and optometry practices. Patients and controls were interviewed by phone using a standardized questionnaire. Odds ratios (ORs) and Fisher exact P values were calculated to assess risk factors associated with infection. Main Outcome Measures: Acanthamoeba keratitis, a rare eye disease primarily affecting contact lens wearers, is caused by free-living amebae, Acanthamoeba species. Results: We identified 37 patients in the 2 investigations, 10 (27%) from the 2007 investigation and 27 (73%) from 2011. There were 17 healthy controls, 9 (53%) from 2007 and 8 (47%) from 2011. Among patients, 9 (24%) wore RGP lenses for orthokeratology or therapeutic indication; no controls wore RGP lenses for these indications. Significant risk factors for AK were wearing lenses for orthokeratology (OR, undefined; P = 0.02), sleeping while wearing lenses (OR, 8.00; P = 0.04), storing lenses in tap water (OR, 16.00; P = 0.001), and topping off contact lens solution in the case (OR, 4.80; P = 0.01). After stratifying by use of RGP lenses for orthokeratology, storing lenses in tap water and topping off remained significant exposures. Conclusions: Nearly one quarter of patients were orthokeratology wearers. Using tap water to store RGP lenses and topping off solution in the lens case were modifiable risk behaviors identified in RGP wearers who wore lenses for both orthokeratology and nonorthokeratology indications. Rigid gas permeable wearers should avoid exposing their lenses to tap water and should empty their cases and use fresh lens solution each time they take out their lenses. (C) 2016 Published by Elsevier on behalf of the American Academy of Ophthalmology. C1 [Cope, Jennifer R.; Collier, Sarah A.; Brown, Allison C.; Verani, Jennifer R.; Gallen, Rachel; Beach, Michael J.; Yoder, Jonathan S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS C09, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Schein, Oliver D.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Wilmer Eye Inst, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. RP Cope, JR (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS C09, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM bjt9@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 42 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 12 U2 19 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0161-6420 EI 1549-4713 J9 OPHTHALMOLOGY JI Ophthalmology PD JUL PY 2016 VL 123 IS 7 BP 1435 EP 1441 DI 10.1016/j.ophtha.2016.03.039 PG 7 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA DP3KC UT WOS:000378391100014 PM 27117780 ER PT J AU Mirkovic, KR Perrine, CG Subedi, GR Mebrahtu, S Dahal, P Staatz, C Jefferds, MED AF Mirkovic, Kelsey R. Perrine, Cria G. Subedi, Giri Raj Mebrahtu, Saba Dahal, Pradiumna Staatz, Colleen Jefferds, Maria Elena D. TI Predictors of micronutrient powder intake adherence in a pilot programme in Nepal SO PUBLIC HEALTH NUTRITION LA English DT Article DE Micronutrient powders; Nepal; Infant and young child feeding; Adherence; Compliance ID HOME FORTIFICATION; FORMATIVE RESEARCH; WESTERN KENYA; INTERVENTIONS; SPRINKLES AB Objective Poor adherence to recommended intake protocols is common and a top challenge for micronutrient powder (MNP) programmes globally. Identifying modifiable predictors of intake adherence could inform the design and implementation of MNP projects. Design We assessed high MNP intake adherence among children who had received MNP 2 months ago and consumed 1 sachet (n 771). High MNP intake adherence was defined as maternal report of child intake 45 sachets. We used logistic regression to assess demographic, intervention components and perception-of-use factors associated with high MNP intake. Setting Four districts of Nepal piloting an integrated infant and young child feeding and MNP project. Subjects Children aged 6-23 months were eligible to receive sixty MNP sachets every 6 months with suggested intake of one sachet daily for 60 d. Cross-sectional surveys representative of children aged 6-23 months were conducted. Results Receiving a reminder card was associated with increased odds for high intake (OR=218, 95 % CI 114, 418); exposure to other programme components was not associated with high intake. Mothers perceiving 1 positive effects in their child after MNP use was also associated with high intake (OR=655, 95 % CI 429, 1001). Perceiving negative affects was not associated; however, the child not liking the food with MNP was associated with lower odds of high intake (OR=012, 95 % CI 008, 020). Conclusions Behaviour change intervention strategies tailored to address these modifiable predictors could potentially increase MNP intake adherence. C1 [Mirkovic, Kelsey R.; Perrine, Cria G.; Jefferds, Maria Elena D.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 4770 Buford Hwy NE,Mailstop F-77, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Subedi, Giri Raj] Minist Hlth & Populat, Child Hlth Div, Kathmandu, Nepal. [Mebrahtu, Saba; Dahal, Pradiumna] UNICEF, Nutr Sect, Kathmandu, Nepal. [Staatz, Colleen] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. RP Jefferds, MED (reprint author), US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 4770 Buford Hwy NE,Mailstop F-77, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM mjefferds@cdc.gov FU Government of Nepal; Ministry of Health and Population; UNICEF Nepal Country Office; UNICEF Nepal FX The Government of Nepal, Ministry of Health and Population and UNICEF Nepal Country Office supported the implementation of the pilot intervention. UNICEF Nepal funded an external agency to conduct the monitoring surveys described in this analysis. NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA EDINBURGH BLDG, SHAFTESBURY RD, CB2 8RU CAMBRIDGE, ENGLAND SN 1368-9800 EI 1475-2727 J9 PUBLIC HEALTH NUTR JI Public Health Nutr. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 19 IS 10 BP 1768 EP 1776 DI 10.1017/S1368980015003572 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nutrition & Dietetics GA DO7PT UT WOS:000377975200006 PM 26708454 ER PT J AU Makey, CM McCleana, MD Braverman, LE Pearce, EN Sjodin, A Weinberg, J Webster, TF AF Makey, Colleen M. McCleana, Michael D. Braverman, Lewis E. Pearce, Elizabeth N. Sjodin, Andreas Weinberg, Janice Webster, Thomas F. TI Polybrominated diphenyl ether exposure and reproductive hormones in North American men SO REPRODUCTIVE TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Environmental health; Flame retardants; Male reproductive health; Persistent organic pollutants; Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) ID BROMINATED FLAME RETARDANTS; HUMAN HEALTH-RISKS; IN-HOUSE DUST; HUMAN-SERUM; INHIBIN-B; ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINANTS; DEVELOPMENTAL EXPOSURE; LIPID ADJUSTMENT; MALE-FERTILITY; RATS AB Background: Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are flame retardant chemicals that are persistent organic pollutants. Animal experiments and some human studies indicate that PBDEs may adversely affect male reproductive function. Objectives: To assess the association between PBDE exposure and reproductive hormones (RHs) in a North American male adult cohort. Methods: From 2010-11, we collected three serum samples from 27 healthy adult men. We assessed associations between PBDEs and RHs using mixed effect regression models. Results: PBDEs were inversely associated with inhibin-B. In older men, increased concentrations of BDE-47 and BDE-100 were significantly associated with a decrease in inhibin-B, and an increase in follicular stimulating hormone (FSH). Conclusions: These findings suggest PBDE exposure may affect RHs in older men. We did not measure other parameters of male reproductive function and therefore these results are preliminary. (C) 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Makey, Colleen M.; McCleana, Michael D.; Webster, Thomas F.] Boston Univ, Dept Environm Hlth, Sch Publ Hlth, 715 Albany St,T4W, Boston, MA 02118 USA. [Braverman, Lewis E.; Pearce, Elizabeth N.] Boston Univ, Sect Endocrinol Diabet & Nutr, Sch Med, 72 E Concord St, Boston, MA 02118 USA. [Sjodin, Andreas] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sci Lab, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, 1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Weinberg, Janice] Boston Univ, Dept Biostat, Sch Publ Hlth, 1010 Massachusetts Ave, Boston, MA 02118 USA. RP Makey, CM (reprint author), Boston Univ, Dept Environm Hlth, Sch Publ Hlth, 715 Albany St,T4W, Boston, MA 02118 USA. EM cmakey@bu.edu FU National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences [R01ES015829, T32ES014562] FX This study was supported by grants from the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (R01ES015829 and T32ES014562). NR 41 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 6 U2 6 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0890-6238 J9 REPROD TOXICOL JI Reprod. Toxicol. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 62 BP 46 EP 52 DI 10.1016/j.reprotox.2016.04.009 PG 7 WC Reproductive Biology; Toxicology SC Reproductive Biology; Toxicology GA DP3BP UT WOS:000378367700006 PM 27094376 ER PT J AU Chesson, HW Kidd, S Bernstein, KT Fanfair, RN Gift, TL AF Chesson, Harrell W. Kidd, Sarah Bernstein, Kyle T. Fanfair, Robyn Neblett Gift, Thomas L. TI The Cost-Effectiveness of Syphilis Screening Among Men Who Have Sex With Men: An Exploratory Modeling Analysis SO SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES LA English DT Article ID SEXUALLY-TRANSMITTED-DISEASES; UNITED-STATES; HIV-INFECTION; TRANSMISSION; PREVALENCE; GUIDELINES; WOMEN AB We adapted a published model to estimate the costs and benefits of screening men who have sex with men for syphilis, including the benefits of preventing syphilis-attributable human immunodeficiency virus. The cost per quality-adjusted life year gained by screening was = 15 years. GATSs were conducted from 2008 to 2013 in 22 low-income and middle-income countries. Information was gathered on tobacco-related knowledge and noticing of antismoking mass media messages and health warning labels on cigarette packages. We constructed a four-point knowledge scale and performed multivariate regression analyses. Results Median country values for the proportion of adults who believed smoking causes a specific illness were 95.9% for lung cancer, 82.5% for heart attack and 74.0% for stroke. Knowledge scores ranged from 2.1 to 3.8. In multivariate regressions, adults scored significantly higher on the knowledge scale if they noticed antismoking media messages (22 countries) or health warning labels (17 countries). Significantly higher knowledge scores occurred in all 9 countries with pictorial health warning labels compared with only 8 out of 13 countries with text-only warning labels. Conclusions Antismoking media messages appear effective for warning the public about the harms from tobacco use in all 22 countries, while warning labels are effective in the majority of these countries. Our findings suggest opportunities to motivate smoking cessation globally. C1 [Chiosi, John J.; Andes, Linda; Asma, Samira; Palipudi, Krishna; McAfee, Tim] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Global Tobacco Control Branch, Off Smoking & Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Chiosi, John J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sci Educ & Profess Dev, Atlanta, GA USA. [Chiosi, John J.] Icahn Sch Med Mt Sinai, New York, NY 10029 USA. RP Chiosi, JJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Global Tobacco Control Branch, Off Smoking & Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, 4770 Buford Hwy,NE,MS F-79, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM john.chiosi@gmail.com FU Bloomberg Initiative to Reduce Tobacco Use, a programme of Bloomberg Philanthropies; Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation; government of Brazil; government of Greece; government of India; government of Malaysia; government of Panama; government of Qatar; government of Thailand; government of Turkey; External Medical Affairs of Pfizer Inc. FX This work was supported by the Bloomberg Initiative to Reduce Tobacco Use, a programme of Bloomberg Philanthropies; Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation for GATS implementation in China; the governments of Brazil, Greece, India, Malaysia, Panama, Qatar, Thailand and Turkey for GATS implementation in their respective countries, and External Medical Affairs of Pfizer Inc. to the CDC Foundation for funding The CDC Experience Applied Epidemiology Fellowship. NR 47 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 6 PU BMJ PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 0964-4563 EI 1468-3318 J9 TOB CONTROL JI Tob. Control PD JUL PY 2016 VL 25 IS 4 BP 393 EP 401 DI 10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2014-052047 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DP2SL UT WOS:000378342100008 PM 25953532 ER PT J AU Hsu, J Qin, XT Beavers, SF Mirabelli, MC AF Hsu, Joy Qin, Xiaoting Beavers, Suzanne F. Mirabelli, Maria C. TI Asthma-Related School Absenteeism, Morbidity, and Modifiable Factors SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID ENVIRONMENTAL TOBACCO-SMOKE; QUALITY-OF-LIFE; PEDIATRIC ASTHMA; FOOD INSECURITY; CASE-MANAGEMENT; CHILDREN; PERFORMANCE; ATTENDANCE; PROGRAMS; OUTCOMES AB Introduction: Asthma is a leading cause of chronic disease-related school absenteeism. Few data exist on how information on absenteeism might be used to identify children for interventions to improve asthma control. This study investigated how asthma-related absenteeism was associated with asthma control, exacerbations, and associated modifiable risk factors using a sample of children from 35 states and the District of Columbia. Methods: The Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System Child Asthma Call-back Survey is a random-digit dial survey designed to assess the health and experiences of children aged 0-17 years with asthma. During 2014-2015, multivariate analyses were conducted using 2006-2010 data to compare children with and without asthma-related absenteeism with respect to clinical, environmental, and financial measures. These analyses controlled for sociodemographic and clinical characteristics. Results: Compared with children without asthma-related absenteeism, children who missed any school because of asthma were more likely to have not well controlled or very poorly controlled asthma (prevalence ratio = 1.50; 95% CI = 1.34, 1.69) and visit an emergency department or urgent care center for asthma (prevalence ratio = 3.27; 95% CI = 2.44, 4.38). Mold in the home and cost as a barrier to asthma-related health care were also significantly associated with asthma-related absenteeism. Conclusions: Missing any school because of asthma is associated with suboptimal asthma control, urgent or emergent asthma-related healthcare utilization, mold in the home, and financial barriers to asthma-related health care. Further understanding of asthma-related absenteeism could establish how to most effectively use absenteeism information as a health status indicator. Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of American Journal of Preventive Medicine C1 [Hsu, Joy] CDC, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Off Publ Hlth Sci Serv, Atlanta, GA USA. [Qin, Xiaoting; Beavers, Suzanne F.; Mirabelli, Maria C.] CDC, Div Environm Hazards & Hlth Effects, Air Pollut & Resp Hlth Branch, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, 4770 Buford Highway,Mailstop F-60, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Hsu, J (reprint author), CDC, Div Environm Hazards & Hlth Effects, Air Pollut & Resp Hlth Branch, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, 4770 Buford Highway,Mailstop F-60, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM xdd6@cdc.gov FU National Asthma Control Program in the Air Pollution and Respiratory Health Branch of the National Center for Environmental Health FX We thank Jeanne Moorman and Hatice Zahran for contributing to the development of this study. We are grateful to the states and jurisdictions that contributed data for this study. The Asthma Call-back Survey is funded by the National Asthma Control Program in the Air Pollution and Respiratory Health Branch of the National Center for Environmental Health. In 2006-2010, the Asthma Call-back Survey was jointly administered with the Office of Surveillance, Epidemiology and Laboratory Services, Division of Behavioral Surveillance. NR 54 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0749-3797 EI 1873-2607 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 51 IS 1 BP 23 EP 32 DI 10.1016/j.amepre.2015.12.012 PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA DO8VR UT WOS:000378063800006 PM 26873793 ER PT J AU Knopf, JA Finnie, RKC Peng, Y Hahn, RA Truman, BI Vernon-Smiley, M Johnson, VC Johnson, RL Fielding, JE Muntaner, C Hunt, PC Jones, CP Fullilove, MT AF Knopf, John A. Finnie, Ramona K. C. Peng, Yinan Hahn, Robert A. Truman, Benedict I. Vernon-Smiley, Mary Johnson, Veda C. Johnson, Robert L. Fielding, Jonathan E. Muntaner, Carles Hunt, Pete C. Jones, Camara Phyllis Fullilove, Mindy T. CA Community Preventive Serv Task For TI School-Based Health Centers to Advance Health Equity A Community Guide Systematic Review SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID MENTAL-HEALTH; ACADEMIC-ACHIEVEMENT; PREVENTIVE-SERVICES; PRENATAL-CARE; QUALITY IMPROVEMENT; ADOLESCENT HEALTH; UNITED-STATES; MIDDLE SCHOOL; STUDENTS; ACCESS AB Context: Children from low-income and racial or ethnic minority populations in the U.S. are less likely to have a conventional source of medical care and more likely to develop chronic health problems than are more-affluent and non-Hispanic white children. They are more often chronically stressed, tired, and hungry, and more likely to have impaired vision and hearing-obstacles to lifetime educational achievement and predictors of adult morbidity and premature mortality. If school-based health centers (SBHCs) can overcome educational obstacles and increase receipt of needed medical services in disadvantaged populations, they can advance health equity. Evidence acquisition: A systematic literature search was conducted for papers published through July 2014. Using Community Guide systematic review methods, reviewers identified, abstracted, and summarized available evidence of the effectiveness of SBHCs on educational and health-related outcomes. Analyses were conducted in 2014-2015. Evidence synthesis: Most of the 46 studies included in the review evaluated onsite clinics serving urban, low-income, and racial or ethnic minority high school students. The presence and use of SBHCs were associated with improved educational (i.e., grade point average, grade promotion, suspension, and non-completion rates) and health-related outcomes (i.e., vaccination and other preventive services, asthma morbidity, emergency department use and hospital admissions, contraceptive use among females, prenatal care, birth weight, illegal substance use, and alcohol consumption). More services and more hours of availability were associated with greater reductions in emergency department overuse. Conclusions: Because SBHCs improve educational and health-related outcomes in disadvantaged students, they can be effective in advancing health equity. Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of American Journal of Preventive Medicine C1 [Knopf, John A.; Finnie, Ramona K. C.; Peng, Yinan; Hahn, Robert A.] CDC, Div Publ Hlth Informat Disseminat, Community Guide Branch, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS E-69, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Truman, Benedict I.] CDC, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Off Associate Director Sci, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS E-69, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Vernon-Smiley, Mary; Hunt, Pete C.] CDC, NCHHSTP, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS E-69, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Johnson, Veda C.] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Atlanta, GA USA. [Johnson, Veda C.] Rutgers New Jersey Med Sch, Newark, NJ USA. [Fielding, Jonathan E.] UCLA, Fielding Sch Publ Hlth, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Muntaner, Carles] Univ Toronto, Bloomberg Fac Nursing, Toronto, ON, Canada. [Jones, Camara Phyllis] Morehouse Sch Med, Satcher Hlth Leadership Inst, Atlanta, GA 30310 USA. [Fullilove, Mindy T.] Columbia Univ, Mailman Sch Publ Hlth, New York, NY USA. RP Hahn, RA (reprint author), CDC, Community Guide Branch, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS E-69, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM rhahn@cdc.gov FU Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education FX The work of John A. Knopf and Ramona K.C. Finnie was supported with funds from the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education. NR 107 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 5 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0749-3797 EI 1873-2607 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 51 IS 1 BP 114 EP 126 DI 10.1016/j.amepre.2016.01.009 PG 13 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA DO8VR UT WOS:000378063800016 PM 27320215 ER PT J AU Hahn, RA AF Hahn, Robert A. CA Community Preventive Serv Task For TI School-Based Health Centers to Promote Health Equity Recommendation of the Community Preventive Services Task Force Community Preventive Services Task Force SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Hahn, Robert A.] CDC, Community Guide Branch, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS E-69, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. RP Hahn, RA (reprint author), CDC, Community Guide Branch, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS E-69, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM rhahn@cdc.gov NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0749-3797 EI 1873-2607 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 51 IS 1 BP 127 EP 128 DI 10.1016/j.amepre.2016.01.008 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA DO8VR UT WOS:000378063800017 ER PT J AU Ran, T Chattopadhyay, SK Hahn, RA AF Ran, Tao Chattopadhyay, Sajal K. Hahn, Robert A. CA Community Preventive Serv Task For TI Economic Evaluation of School-Based Health Centers A Community Guide Systematic Review SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Review ID CARE; CLINICS; IMPACT; COST AB Context: A recent Community Guide systematic review of effectiveness of school-based health centers (SBHCs) showed that SBHCs improved educational and health outcomes. This review evaluates the economic cost and benefit of SBHCs. Evidence acquisition: Using economic systematic review methods developed for The Community Guide, 6,958 papers were identified for the search period January 1985 to September 2014. After two rounds of screening, 21 studies were included in this review: 15 studies reported on cost and nine on benefit; three studies had both cost and benefit information. All expenditures in this review were presented in 2013 U.S. dollars. Evidence synthesis: Analyses were conducted in 2014. Intervention cost had two main components: start-up cost and operating cost. All but two of the cost studies reported operating cost only (ranging from $16,322 to $659,684 per SBHC annually). Benefits included healthcare cost averted and productivity and other loss averted. From the societal perspective, total annual benefit per SBHC ranged from $15,028 to $912,878. From healthcare payers' perspective, particularly Medicaid, SBHCs led to net savings ranging from $30 to $969 per visit. From patients' perspective, savings were also positive. Additionally, two benefit studies used regression analysis to show that Medicaid cost and hospitalization cost decreased with SBHCs. Finally, results from seven estimates in two cost-benefit studies showed that societal benefit per SBHC exceeded intervention cost, with the benefit-cost ratio ranging from 1.38:1 to 3.05:1. Conclusions: The economic benefit of SBHCs exceeds the intervention operating cost. Further, SBHCs result in net savings to Medicaid. Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of American Journal of Preventive Medicine C1 CDC, Ctr Surveillance Epidemiol, Div Publ Hlth Informat Disseminat, Community Guide Branch, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS E-69, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. CDC, Lab Serv, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS E-69, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. RP Ran, T (reprint author), CDC, Community Guide Branch, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS E-69, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM xgy2@cdc.gov FU Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education FX The work of Tao Ran was supported with funds from the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education. NR 34 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0749-3797 EI 1873-2607 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 51 IS 1 BP 129 EP 138 DI 10.1016/j.amepre.2016.01.017 PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA DO8VR UT WOS:000378063800018 PM 27320217 ER PT J AU Corneli, A Lemons, A Otieno-Masaba, R Ndiritu, J Packer, C Lamarre-Vincent, J Dulli, L AF Corneli, Amy Lemons, Ansley Otieno-Masaba, Rose Ndiritu, John Packer, Catherine Lamarre-Vincent, Jesse Dulli, Lisa TI Contraceptive service delivery in Kenya: A qualitative study to identify barriers and preferences among female sex workers and health care providers SO CONTRACEPTION LA English DT Article DE Female sex workers; Contraceptives; Service delivery; Africa ID SEXUALLY-TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS; MEN; INTERVENTIONS; PERCEPTIONS AB Objective: Female sex workers (FSWs) need access to contraceptive services, yet programs often focus on HIV prevention and less on the broader sexual and reproductive health needs of FSWs. We aimed to identify barriers to accessing contraceptive services among FSWs and preferences for contraceptive service delivery options among FSWs and health care providers (HCPs) in order to inform a service delivery intervention to enhance access to and use of contraceptives for FSWs in Kenya. Study design: Twenty focus group discussions were conducted with FSWs and HCPs in central Kenya. Results: Three barriers were identified that limited the ability of FSWs to access contraceptive services: (1) an unsupportive clinic infrastructure, which consisted of obstructive factors such as long wait times, fees, inconvenient operating hours and perceived compulsory HIV testing; (2) discriminatory provider client interactions, where participants believed negative and differential treatment from female and male staff members impacted FSWs' willingness to seek medical services; and (3) negative partner influences, including both nonpaying and paying partners. Drop-in centers followed by peer educators and health care facilities were identified as preferred service delivery options. Conclusions: FSWs may not be able to regularly access contraceptive services until interpersonal (male partners) and structural (facilities and providers) bathers are addressed. Alternative delivery options, such as drop-in centers coupled with peer educators, may be an approach worth evaluating. Implications statement: An unsupportive clinic infrastructure, discriminatory provider client interactions and negative partner influences are barriers to FSWs accessing the contraception services they need. Alternative service delivery options, such integrating contraceptive service delivery at drop-in centers designed for FSWs and information delivery through peer educators, might provide improved access and better service quality to FSWs seeking contraception. (C) 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Corneli, Amy; Lemons, Ansley; Packer, Catherine; Lamarre-Vincent, Jesse; Dulli, Lisa] FHI 360, Durham, NC USA. [Otieno-Masaba, Rose] FHI 360, Nairobi, Kenya. [Ndiritu, John] Goldstar, Nairobi, Kenya. [Corneli, Amy] Duke Univ, Durham, NC USA. [Lemons, Ansley] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Lamarre-Vincent, Jesse] Govt Accountabil Off, Boston, MA USA. RP Corneli, A (reprint author), FHI 360, Durham, NC USA.; Corneli, A (reprint author), Duke Univ, Durham, NC USA. EM amy.corneli@duke.edu FU United States Agency for International Development [GHO-A-00-09-00016-00] FX The United States Agency for International Development funded this study through the Preventive Technologies Agreement No. GHO-A-00-09-00016-00. The funder did not have any role in design of the study; collection, analysis and interpretation of the data; in the writing of the report; or in the decision to submit the article for publication. NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0010-7824 EI 1879-0518 J9 CONTRACEPTION JI Contraception PD JUL PY 2016 VL 94 IS 1 BP 34 EP 39 DI 10.1016/j.contraception.2016.03.004 PG 6 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA DO2TG UT WOS:000377632400006 PM 26976072 ER PT J AU Buss, BF Joshi, MV O'Keefe, AL Allensworth, CD Garvey, A Obbink, K Mandernach, S Safranek, TJ AF Buss, B. F. Joshi, M. V. O'Keefe, A. L. Allensworth, C. D. Garvey, A. Obbink, K. Mandernach, S. Safranek, T. J. TI Regional investigation of a cyclosporiasis outbreak linked to imported romaine lettuce - Nebraska and Iowa, June-August 2013 SO EPIDEMIOLOGY AND INFECTION LA English DT Article DE Cyclospora; epidemiology; foodborne infections; outbreaks; parasites ID CAYETANENSIS AB A regional, multistate investigation into a June-August 2013 cyclosporiasis outbreak was conducted in Nebraska, Iowa, and neighbouring states. Cases were confirmed on the basis of laboratory and clinical findings. Of 227 cases in Iowa (n = 140) and Nebraska (n = 87) residents, 162 (71%) reported dining at chain A/B restaurants - 96% reported house salad consumption. A case-control study identified chain A/B house salad as the most likely vehicle. Traceback was conducted to ascertain production lot codes of bagged salad mix (iceberg and romaine lettuce, red cabbage, and carrots) served as house salad in implicated restaurants. A single production lot code of salad mix supplied by both a common producer and distributor was linked to the majority of confirmed cases in persons reporting regional chain A/B exposure. The salad mix linked to illnesses contained imported romaine lettuce from two separate single-grower fields-of-origin and 1 additional field from another grower. C1 [Buss, B. F.; Joshi, M. V.; Safranek, T. J.] Nebraska Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Div Publ Hlth, Lincoln, NE 68509 USA. [Buss, B. F.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Publ Hlth Preparedness & Response, Atlanta, GA USA. [Joshi, M. V.] Univ Nebraska, Lincoln, NE USA. [O'Keefe, A. L.; Allensworth, C. D.] Douglas Cty Hlth Dept, Omaha, NE USA. [Garvey, A.; Obbink, K.] Iowa Dept Publ Hlth, Div Acute Dis Prevent Emergency Response & Enviro, Des Moines, IA 50319 USA. [Mandernach, S.] Iowa Dept Inspect & Appeals, Des Moines, IA USA. RP Buss, BF (reprint author), Nebraska Dept Hlth & Human Serv, 301 Centennial Mall South,POB 95026, Lincoln, NE 68509 USA. EM bryan.buss@nebraska.gov NR 10 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 2 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0950-2688 EI 1469-4409 J9 EPIDEMIOL INFECT JI Epidemiol. Infect. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 144 IS 9 BP 1807 EP 1817 DI 10.1017/S0950268815002484 PG 11 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA DO5JV UT WOS:000377820300002 PM 26489789 ER PT J AU Vieira, AR Grass, J Fedorka-Cray, PJ Plumblee, JR Tate, H Cole, DJ AF Vieira, A. R. Grass, J. Fedorka-Cray, P. J. Plumblee, J. R. Tate, H. Cole, D. J. TI Attribution of Salmonella enterica serotype Hadar infections using antimicrobial resistance data from two points in the food supply system SO EPIDEMIOLOGY AND INFECTION LA English DT Article DE Analysis of data; foodborne infections; surveillance ID UNITED-STATES; ANIMAL ORIGIN; DISEASE; SURVEILLANCE; COMMODITIES; MODEL AB A challenge to the development of foodborne illness prevention measures is determining the sources of enteric illness. Microbial subtyping source-attribution models attribute illnesses to various sources, requiring data characterizing bacterial isolate subtypes collected from human and food sources. We evaluated the use of antimicrobial resistance data on isolates of Salmonella enterica serotype Hadar, collected from ill humans, food animals, and from retail meats, in two microbial subtyping attribution models. We also compared model results when either antimicrobial resistance or pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) patterns were used to subtype isolates. Depending on the subtyping model used, 68-96% of the human infections were attributed to meat and poultry food products. All models yielded similar outcomes, with 86% [95% confidence interval (CI) 80-91] to 91% (95% CI 88-96) of the attributable infections attributed to turkey, and 6% (95% CI 2-10) to 14% (95% CI 8-20) to chicken. Few illnesses (<3%) were attributed to cattle or swine. Results were similar whether the isolates were obtained from food animals during processing or from retail meat products. Our results support the view that microbial subtyping models are a flexible and robust approach for attributing Salmonella Hadar. C1 [Vieira, A. R.; Grass, J.; Cole, D. J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Enter Dis Epidemiol Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Fedorka-Cray, P. J.; Plumblee, J. R.] USDA ARS, Athens, GA 30613 USA. [Tate, H.] US FDA, Silver Spring, MD USA. RP Vieira, AR (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Enter Dis Epidemiol Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. EM vht8@cdc.gov NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 5 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0950-2688 EI 1469-4409 J9 EPIDEMIOL INFECT JI Epidemiol. Infect. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 144 IS 9 BP 1983 EP 1990 DI 10.1017/S0950268816000066 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA DO5JV UT WOS:000377820300023 PM 26838291 ER PT J AU Hales, T AF Hales, Thomas TI Why do Fire Ground Duties Trigger Sudden Cardiac Events in Firefighters? SO EXERCISE AND SPORT SCIENCES REVIEWS LA English DT Editorial Material ID HEART-DISEASE C1 [Hales, Thomas] NIOSH, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. RP Hales, T (reprint author), NIOSH, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 0091-6331 EI 1538-3008 J9 EXERC SPORT SCI REV JI Exerc. Sport Sci. Rev. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 44 IS 3 BP 89 EP 89 DI 10.1249/JES.0000000000000084 PG 1 WC Physiology; Sport Sciences SC Physiology; Sport Sciences GA DO9ED UT WOS:000378086200001 PM 27223272 ER PT J AU Mirabelli, MC Hsu, J Gower, WA AF Mirabelli, Maria C. Hsu, Joy Gower, W. Adam TI Comorbidities of asthma in US children SO RESPIRATORY MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE Adolescent; Asthma; Comorbidity; Epidemiology; Pediatrics; Surveillance ID MULTIPLE CHRONIC CONDITIONS; OUTCOMES; LIFE AB Background: Few epidemiologic population-based data are available to describe the wide range of health conditions that affect children with asthma. We conducted this study to identify common comorbidities of asthma during childhood and compare the prevalences of selected comorbidities among children with and without asthma. Methods: We analyzed weighted data from the 2012 National Health Interview Survey child sample, a sample of 10,954 U.S. children aged 3-17 years. Information about each child's health, including history of asthma and other health conditions, was provided by an adult proxy respondent. We conducted binomial regression to compare the prevalences of 41 selected health conditions among children with and without current asthma. Results: An estimated 10.4% of children aged 3-17 years (n = 1202) were identified as having current asthma. Nearly all conditions considered were more common among children with than without asthma. Compared to children without asthma, children with asthma had higher prevalences of hay fever or respiratory allergies (prevalence difference [PD]: 30.5%; 95% CI: 26.6, 34.4), eczema or skin allergies (PD: 14.1%; 95% CI: 10.7, 17.5), sinusitis (PD: 11.3%; 95% CI: 8.4, 14.1), food or digestive allergies (PD: 10.4%; 95% CI: 7.7, 13.1), and difficulty with emotions, concentration, behavior, or getting along (PD: 7.9%; 95% CI: 4.7, 11.1). Conclusions: These results highlight the burden of comorbidities among children with asthma. Improved understanding of the impact of comorbidities among children with asthma may help develop best practices for the assessment, treatment, and control of coexisting health conditions. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Mirabelli, Maria C.; Hsu, Joy] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Air Pollut & Resp Hlth Branch, Div Environm Hazards & Hlth Effects, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Gower, W. Adam] Wake Forest Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Sect Pediat Pulmonol & Sleep Med, Winston Salem, NC USA. [Gower, W. Adam] Wake Forest Sch Med, Ctr Genom & Personalized Med Res, Winston Salem, NC USA. RP Mirabelli, MC (reprint author), 4770 Buford Highway NE,Mailstop F-60, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM mmirabelli@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 18 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 4 PU W B SAUNDERS CO LTD PI LONDON PA 32 JAMESTOWN RD, LONDON NW1 7BY, ENGLAND SN 0954-6111 EI 1532-3064 J9 RESP MED JI Respir. Med. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 116 BP 34 EP 40 DI 10.1016/j.rmed.2016.05.008 PG 7 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Respiratory System SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology; Respiratory System GA DO6LI UT WOS:000377894500005 PM 27296818 ER PT J AU Collins, PY Kondos, L Pillai, A Joestl, SS Frohlich, J AF Collins, Pamela Y. Kondos, Leeza Pillai, Aravind Joestl, Sarah S. Frohlich, Janet TI Passive Suicidal Ideation and Community Mental Health Resources in South Africa SO COMMUNITY MENTAL HEALTH JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Passive suicidal ideation; Community resources; Community mental health; Africa; HIV/AIDS ID AIDS-RELATED MORTALITY; SYSTEMATIC ANALYSIS; COPING STRATEGIES; GLOBAL BURDEN; HIV; DEPRESSION; VALIDITY; QUESTIONNAIRE-9; BEHAVIOR; DISEASE AB South African communities continue to experience elevated incidence and prevalence of HIV infection. Passive suicidal ideation (PSI) may be one expression of distress in high prevalence communities. We report the prevalence of PSI and examine the relationship between PSI and participation in community organizations in a semi-rural sample of South African adults (N = 594). The prevalence of PSI in the 2 weeks prior to the interview was 9.1 %. Members of burial societies (I (2) = 7.34; p = 0.01) and stokvels (I (2) = 4.1; p = 0.04) (community-based savings groups) reported significantly less PSI compared to other respondents. Using a multivariate model adjusted for demographic characteristics, psychological distress, and socioeconomic status, we found lower odds of reporting PSI for members of burial societies (OR 0.48, CI 0.25 -0.91). Participation in community organizations that provide contextually salient resources in settings with high levels of distress may be a resource for mental health. C1 [Collins, Pamela Y.] NIMH, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Kondos, Leeza] US Agcy Int Dev, Inst Publ Hlth, Global Hlth Bur, Washington, DC 20523 USA. [Pillai, Aravind] Columbia Univ, Mailman Sch Publ Hlth, New York, NY USA. [Joestl, Sarah S.] CDC, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD USA. [Frohlich, Janet] Univ KwaZulu Natal, Ctr AIDS Programme Res South Africa, Durban, South Africa. RP Collins, PY (reprint author), NIMH, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. EM pamela.collins@nih.gov; lmkondos@gmail.com; ap2664@cumc.columbia.edu; sjoestl@cdc.gov; Janet.Frohlich@caprisa.org FU NIAID Center for AIDS Research [NIAID P30AI42848] FX The majority of this work was conducted while Dr. Collins was at Columbia University and supported by a pilot award through the NIAID Center for AIDS Research grant (PI: Scott Hammer, NIAID P30AI42848). Dr. Sarah Joestl contributed to this work while she was a doctoral candidate at the Mailman School of Public Health at Columbia University. Ms. Leeza Kondos contributed to this work while employed at the National Institute of Mental Health. We gratefully acknowledge the contributions of Lise Werner, Henri Carrara, Robert Sember, Beverly Haddad, Ezra Susser, Dana March, Quarraisha Abdool-Karim and the CAPRISA research team. The views expressed in this manuscript do not necessarily reflect those of the National Institute of Mental Health or the US government. NR 44 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 4 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0010-3853 EI 1573-2789 J9 COMMUNITY MENT HLT J JI Community Ment. Health J. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 52 IS 5 BP 541 EP 550 DI 10.1007/s10597-016-0003-9 PG 10 WC Health Policy & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Psychiatry SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Psychiatry GA DN8ZJ UT WOS:000377368300006 PM 27100867 ER PT J AU DiGuiseppi, CG Daniels, JL Fallin, DM Rosenberg, SA Schieve, LA Thomas, KC Windham, GC Goss, CW Soke, GN Currie, DW Singer, AB Lee, LC Bernal, P Croen, LA Miller, LA Pinto-Martin, JA Young, LM Schendel, DE AF DiGuiseppi, Carolyn G. Daniels, Julie L. Fallin, Daniele M. Rosenberg, Steven A. Schieve, Laura A. Thomas, Kathleen C. Windham, Gayle C. Goss, Cynthia W. Soke, Gnakub N. Currie, Dustin W. Singer, Alison B. Lee, Li-Ching Bernal, Pilar Croen, Lisa A. Miller, Lisa A. Pinto-Martin, Jennifer A. Young, Lisa M. Schendel, Diana E. TI Demographic profile of families and children in the Study to Explore Early Development (SEED): Case-control study of autism spectrum disorder SO DISABILITY AND HEALTH JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Autism spectrum disorder; Epidemiology; Socioeconomic factors; Demographics ID SOCIAL COMMUNICATION QUESTIONNAIRE; SOCIOECONOMIC-STATUS; RISK-FACTORS; POPULATION; EPIDEMIOLOGY; METAANALYSIS; ENVIRONMENT; PREVALENCE; DIAGNOSIS; ETHNICITY AB Background: The Study to Explore Early Development (SEED) is designed to enhance knowledge of autism spectrum disorder characteristics and etiologies. Objective: This paper describes the demographic profile of enrolled families and examines sociodemographic differences between children with autism spectrum disorder and children with other developmental problems or who are typically developing. Methods: This multi-site case-control study used health, education, and birth certificate records to identify and enroll children aged 2-5 years into one of three groups: 1) cases (children with autism spectrum disorder), 2) developmental delay or disorder controls, or 3) general population controls. Study group classification was based on sampling source, prior diagnoses, and study screening tests and developmental evaluations. The child's primary caregiver provided demographic characteristics through a telephone (or occasionally face-to-face) interview. Groups were compared using ANOVA, chi-squared test, or multinomial logistic regression as appropriate. Results: Of 2768 study children, sizeable proportions were born to mothers of non-White race (31.7%), Hispanic ethnicity (11.4%), and foreign birth (17.6%); 33.0% of households had incomes below the US median. The autism spectrum disorder and population control groups differed significantly on nearly all sociodemographic parameters. In contrast, the autism spectrum disorder and developmental delay or disorder groups had generally similar sociodemographic characteristics. Conclusions: SEED enrolled a sociodemographically diverse sample, which will allow further, in-depth exploration of sociodemographic differences between study groups and provide novel opportunities to explore sociodemographic influences on etiologic risk factor associations with autism spectrum disorder and phenotypic subtypes. (C) 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [DiGuiseppi, Carolyn G.; Goss, Cynthia W.; Soke, Gnakub N.; Currie, Dustin W.] Colorado Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Campus Box B119,13001 E 17th Pl, Aurora, CO 80045 USA. [Daniels, Julie L.; Singer, Alison B.] Univ N Carolina, Gillings Sch Global Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, CB 7435, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Fallin, Daniele M.] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Mental Hlth, Wendy Klag Ctr Autism & Dev Disabil, 624 N Broadway,HH 850, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. [Rosenberg, Steven A.] Univ Colorado, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, Campus Box F546,13001 E 17th Pl, Aurora, CO 80045 USA. [Schieve, Laura A.; Schendel, Diana E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Thomas, Kathleen C.] Univ N Carolina, Cecil G Sheps Ctr Hlth Serv Res, 725 Martin Luther King Jr Blvd,CB 7590, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Windham, Gayle C.] Calif Dept Publ Hlth, 850 Marina Bay Pkwy,Bldg P EHIB, Richmond, CA 94804 USA. [Singer, Alison B.; Lee, Li-Ching] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, 615 N Wolfe St, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. [Bernal, Pilar] Kaiser Permanente, ASD Ctr, Dept Psychiat, 6620 Via Oro, San Jose, CA 95119 USA. [Croen, Lisa A.] Kaiser Permanente, Autism Res Program, Div Res, 2000 Broadway, Oakland, CA 94612 USA. [Miller, Lisa A.] Colorado Dept Publ Hlth & Environm, Div Dis Control & Environm Epidemiol, 4300 Cherry Creek Dr South, Denver, CO 80246 USA. [Pinto-Martin, Jennifer A.; Young, Lisa M.] Univ Penn, CADDRE, Sch Nursing, 418 Curie Blvd,Claire Fagan Hall, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Goss, Cynthia W.] Ctr Amer Indian Native Hlth, Aurora, CO 80045 USA. [Goss, Cynthia W.] Ctr Alaska Native Hlth, Aurora, CO 80045 USA. [Soke, Gnakub N.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop E-86, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Bernal, Pilar] El Camino Hosp, Behav Hlth Serv, ASPIRE Program, 2500 Grant Rd, Mountain View, CA 94040 USA. [Schendel, Diana E.] Aarhus Univ, Dept Publ Hlth, Inst Epidemiol & Social Med, Bartholins Alle 2,Bldg 1260, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark. RP DiGuiseppi, CG (reprint author), Colorado Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Campus Box B119,13001 E 17th Pl, Aurora, CO 80045 USA. EM Carolyn.DiGuiseppi@ucdenver.edu FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) [01086, 02199, DD11-002, DD06-003, DD04-001, DD09-002] FX This project was supported by Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Cooperative Agreements announced under the following RFAs: 01086, 02199, DD11-002, DD06-003, DD04-001, and DD09-002. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 41 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 6 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1936-6574 EI 1876-7583 J9 DISABIL HEALTH J JI Disabil. Health J. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 9 IS 3 BP 544 EP 551 DI 10.1016/j.dhjo.2016.01.005 PG 8 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Health Policy & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Rehabilitation SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Rehabilitation GA DN9RP UT WOS:000377418100024 PM 26917104 ER PT J AU Lagheden, C Eklund, C Kleppe, SN Unger, ER Dillner, J Sundstrom, K AF Lagheden, Camilla Eklund, Carina Kleppe, Sara Nordqvist Unger, Elizabeth R. Dillner, Joakim Sundstrom, Karin TI ValidatiValidation of a standardized extraction method for formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue samples SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL VIROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Human papillomavirus (HPV); Formalin-Fixed paraffin-Embedded (FFPE); DNA-extraction; Genotyping; Xylene ID DNA EXTRACTION; HUMAN-PAPILLOMAVIRUS AB Background: Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) samples can be DNA-extracted and used for human papillomavirus (HPV) genotyping. The xylene-based gold standard for extracting FFPE samples is laborious, suboptimal and involves health hazards for the personnel involved. Objectives: To compare extraction with the standard xylene method to a xylene-free method used in an HPV LabNet Global Reference Laboratory at the Centers for Disease Control (CDC); based on a commercial method with an extra heating step. Study design: Fifty FFPE samples were randomly selected from a national audit of all cervical cancer cases diagnosed in Sweden during 10 years. For each case-block, a blank-block was sectioned, as a control for contamination. For xylene extraction, the standard WHO Laboratory Manual protocol was used. For the CDC method, the manufacturers' protocol was followed except for an extra heating step, 120 degrees C for 20 min. Samples were extracted and tested in parallel with p-globin real-time PCR, HPV16 real-time PCR and HPV typing using modified general primers (MGP)-PCR and Luminex assays. Results: For a valid result the blank-block had to be betaglobin-negative in all tests and the case-block positive for beta-globin. Overall, detection was improved with the heating method and the amount of HPV-positive samples increased from 70% to 86% (p = 0.039). For all samples where HPV type concordance could be evaluated, there was 100% type concordance. Conclusions: A xylene-free and robust extraction method for HPV-DNA typing in FFPE material is currently in great demand. Our proposed standardized protocol appears to be generally useful. (C) 2016 Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Lagheden, Camilla; Eklund, Carina; Kleppe, Sara Nordqvist; Dillner, Joakim; Sundstrom, Karin] Karolinska Inst, Dept Lab Med, F56 Huddinge, S-14188 Stockholm, Sweden. [Dillner, Joakim] Karolinska Inst, Med Epidemiol & Biostat, SE-17177 Stockholm, Sweden. [Unger, Elizabeth R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div High Consequence Pathogens & Pathol, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Dillner, J (reprint author), Karolinska Inst, Dept Lab Med, F56 Huddinge, S-14188 Stockholm, Sweden. EM Joakim.Dillner@ki.se FU Swedish foundation for strategic research FX This study was supported by the Swedish foundation for strategic research. NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1386-6532 EI 1873-5967 J9 J CLIN VIROL JI J. Clin. Virol. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 80 BP 36 EP 39 DI 10.1016/j.jcv.2016.04.016 PG 4 WC Virology SC Virology GA DN9HW UT WOS:000377391100008 PM 27148635 ER PT J AU Feroe, AG Attanasio, R Scinicariello, F AF Feroe, Aliya G. Attanasio, Roberta Scinicariello, Franco TI Acrolein metabolites, diabetes and insulin resistance SO ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE N-acetyl-S-(Carboxyethyl)-l-cysteine; N-acetyl-S-(3-Hydroxypropyl)-l-cysteine; NHANES; HOMA ID FASTING PLASMA-GLUCOSE; LIPID-PEROXIDATION; US POPULATION; PATHOGENESIS; NONSMOKERS; EXPOSURE; DISEASE; SMOKERS; STRESS; HEALTH AB Acrolein is a dietary and environmental pollutant that has been associated in vitro to dysregulate glucose transport. We investigated the association of urinary acrolein metabolitesN-acetyl-S-(3-hydroxypropyl)-L-cysteine (3-HPMA) and N-acetyl-S-(carboxyethyl)-L-cysteine (CEMA) and their molar sum (Eacrolein) with diabetes using data from investigated 2027 adults who participated in the 2005-2006 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). After excluding participants taking insulin or other diabetes medication we, further, investigated the association of the compounds with insulin resistance (n=850), as a categorical outcome expressed by the homeostatic model assessment (HOMA-IR > 2.6). As secondary analyses, we investigated the association of the compounds with HOMA-IR, HOMA-beta, fasting insulin and fasting plasma glucose. The analyses were performed using urinary creatinine as independent variable in the models, and, as sensitivity analyses, the compounds were used as creatinine corrected variables. Diabetes as well as insulin resistance (defined as HOMA-IR > 2.6) were positively associated with the 3-HPMA, CEMA and Sigma(Acrolein) with evidence of a dose-response relationship (p < 0.05). The highest 3rd and 4th quartiles of CEMA compared to the lowest quartile were significantly associated with higher HOMA-IR, HOMA-beta and fasting insulin with a dose-response relationship. The highest 3rd quartile of 3-HPMA and Sigma(Acrolein) were positively and significantly associated with HOMA-IR, HOMA-beta and fasting insulin. These results suggest a need of further studies to fully understand the implications of acrolein with type 2 diabetes and insulin Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Feroe, Aliya G.] Bowdoin Coll, Dept Biol, Brunswick, ME 04011 USA. [Attanasio, Roberta] Georgia State Univ, Dept Biol, Atlanta, GA USA. [Scinicariello, Franco] Agcy Tox Subst & Dis Registry ATSDR, Div Toxicol & Human Hlth Sci, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Scinicariello, F (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Agcy Tox Subst & Dis Registry, 4770 Buford Hwy,MS F57, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM fes6@cdc.gov NR 35 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 6 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0013-9351 EI 1096-0953 J9 ENVIRON RES JI Environ. Res. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 148 BP 1 EP 6 DI 10.1016/j.envres.2016.03.015 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DM9VC UT WOS:000376712800001 PM 26991531 ER PT J AU Huen, K Calafat, AM Bradman, A Yousefi, P Eskenazi, B Holland, N AF Huen, Karen Calafat, Antonia M. Bradman, Asa Yousefi, Paul Eskenazi, Brenda Holland, Nina TI Maternal phthalate exposure during pregnancy is associated with DNA methylation of LINE-1 and Alu repetitive elements in Mexican-American children SO ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE DNA methylation; Phthalate; In Utero exposure; Alu repeats; LINE-1 repeats ID PERSISTENT ORGANIC POLLUTANTS; NUTRITION EXAMINATION SURVEY; GASTRIC-CANCER RISK; BISPHENOL-A; URINARY CONCENTRATIONS; PROMOTER METHYLATION; PRENATAL EXPOSURE; METABOLITE LEVELS; NATIONAL-HEALTH; BIRTH OUTCOMES AB Phthalates are frequently used in personal care products and plasticizers and phthalate exposure is ubiquitous in the US population. Exposure to phthalates during critical periods in utero has been associated with a variety of adverse health outcomes but the biological mechanisms linking these exposures with disease are not well characterized. In this study, we examined the relationship of in utero phthalate exposure with repetitive element DNA methylation, an epigenetic marker of genome instability, in children from the longitudinal birth cohort CHAMACOS. Methylation of Alu and long interspersed nucleotide elements (LINE-1) was determined using pyrosequencing of bisulfite-treated DNA isolated from whole blood samples collected from newborns and 9 year old children (n=355). Concentrations of eleven phthalate metabolites were measured in urine collected from pregnant mothers at 13 and 26 weeks gestation. We found a consistent inverse association between prenatal concentrations of mono ethyl phthalate, the most frequently detected urinary metabolite, with cord blood methylation of Alu repeats (beta(95%CI): -0.14 (-0.28,0.00) and -0.16 (-0.31, 0.02)) for early and late pregnancy, respectively, and a similar but weaker association with LINE-I methylation. Additionally, increases in urinary concentrations of di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate metabolites during late pregnancy were associated with lower levels of methylation of Alu repeats in 9 year old blood (significant p-values ranged from 0.003 to 0.03). Our findings suggest that prenatal exposure to some phthalates may influence differences in repetitive element methylation, highlighting epigenetics as a plausible biological mechanism through which phthalates may affect health. (C) 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Huen, Karen; Bradman, Asa; Yousefi, Paul; Eskenazi, Brenda; Holland, Nina] Univ Calif Berkeley, Sch Publ Hlth, Ctr Childrens Environm Hlth, 1995 Univ Ave Suite 265, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Calafat, Antonia M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 4770 Buford Hwy,MS F17, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Huen, K (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Sch Publ Hlth, Ctr Childrens Environm Hlth, 1995 Univ Ave Suite 265, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM khuen@berkeley.edu; aic7@cdc.gov; abradman@berkeley.edu; yousefi@berkeley.edu; eskenazi@berkeley.edu; ninah@berkeley.edu FU National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) [PO1 ES009605, RO1 ES021369]; US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) [R82670901, RD83451301] FX We are grateful to the laboratory and field staff and participants of the CHAMACOS study for their contributions. We are thankful to Xiaoyun Ye, Manori Silva, Ella Samandar, Jim Preau, and Tao Jia, who performed the measurement of phthalate metabolite concentrations at CDC. This publication was made possible by grants from the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) [PO1 ES009605 and RO1 ES021369], and from the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) [R82670901, and RD83451301]. Its contents are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of NIEHS, EPA, or CDC. Use of trade names is for identification only and does not imply endorsement by the CDC, the Public Health Service, or the US Department of Health and Human Services. NR 58 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 9 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0013-9351 EI 1096-0953 J9 ENVIRON RES JI Environ. Res. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 148 BP 55 EP 62 DI 10.1016/j.envres.2016.03.025 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DM9VC UT WOS:000376712800008 PM 27019040 ER PT J AU Silva, MJ Bontke, TW Calafat, AM Ye, XY AF Silva, Manori J. Bontke, Trevor W. Calafat, Antonia M. Ye, Xiaoyun TI Identification of potential biomarkers of exposure to diundecyl phthalate SO ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Biomonitoring; In vitro; Mass spectrometry; Oxidative metabolites; DUP; diundecyl phthalate ID METABOLITES; RATS; RODENT; TRENDS; ADULTS; URINE AB Diundecyl phthalate (DUP) is a high production volume chemical used as a plasticizer in polyvinyl chloride and other plastics. Specific biomarkers of DUP would be useful for human exposure assessment. To identify such biomarkers, we investigated the in vitro metabolism of DUP with human liver microsomes using online solid phase extraction coupled to HPLC-mass spectrometry. Using high resolution mass spectrometry, we conclusively confirmed the structures of four DUP specific metabolites: monoundecyl phthalate (MUP), mono-hydroxyundecyl phthalate (MHUP), mono-oxoundecyl phthalate (MOUP), and mono-carboxydecyl phthalate (MCDP). We also used high resolution mass spectrometry to isolate MCDP and MHUP from co-eluting isobaric metabolites of diisononyl phthalate (i.e., mono-carboxyisononyl phthalate) and diisododecyl phthalate (i.e., monohydroxyisododecyl phthalate), respectively, that could not be separated with low resolution tandem mass spectrometry. To evaluate the potential usefulness of the newly identified DUP metabolites as exposure biomarkers, we analyzed 36 human urine samples by high resolution mass spectrometry. We detected MHUP and MCDP in > 83% of the samples; median concentrations were 0.21 ng/mL and 0.36 ng/mL, respectively. MOUP was detected only in 14% of the samples analyzed, and MUP was not detected. All three metabolites eluted as peak clusters likely because of the presence of multiple oxidation sites and multiple isomers in DUP technical mixtures. Taken together, these findings suggest that with the appropriate mass spectrometry quantification techniques, MHUP and MCDP may serve as suitable biomarkers for assessing background exposure to DUP. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Silva, Manori J.; Bontke, Trevor W.; Calafat, Antonia M.; Ye, Xiaoyun] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sci Lab, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, 4770 Buford Hwy,Mailstop F53, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Silva, MJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sci Lab, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, 4770 Buford Hwy,Mailstop F53, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM zca2@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 22 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 7 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0013-9351 EI 1096-0953 J9 ENVIRON RES JI Environ. Res. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 148 BP 137 EP 143 DI 10.1016/j.envres.2016.03.037 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DM9VC UT WOS:000376712800017 PM 27045772 ER PT J AU Kim, L Mcgee, L Tomczyk, S Beall, B AF Kim, Lindsay McGee, Lesley Tomczyk, Sara Beall, Bernard TI Biological and Epidemiological Features of Antibiotic-Resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae in Pre- and Post-Conjugate Vaccine Eras: a United States Perspective SO CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY REVIEWS LA English DT Review ID BETA-LACTAM RESISTANCE; PENICILLIN-BINDING PROTEINS; ANTIMICROBIAL SURVEILLANCE PROGRAM; BACTEREMIC PNEUMOCOCCAL PNEUMONIA; COMMUNITY-ACQUIRED PNEUMONIA; HIGH-LEVEL PENICILLIN; VIRIDANS GROUP STREPTOCOCCI; IN-VITRO ACTIVITY; REAL-TIME PCR; QUINUPRISTIN-DALFOPRISTIN RESISTANCE AB Streptococcus pneumoniae inflicts a huge disease burden as the leading cause of community-acquired pneumonia and meningitis. Soon after mainstream antibiotic usage, multiresistant pneumococcal clones emerged and disseminated worldwide. Resistant clones are generated through adaptation to antibiotic pressures imposed while naturally residing within the human upper respiratory tract. Here, a huge array of related commensal streptococcal strains transfers core genomic and accessory resistance determinants to the highly transformable pneumococcus. beta-Lactam resistance is the hallmark of pneumococcal adaptability, requiring multiple independent recombination events that are traceable to nonpneumococcal origins and stably perpetuated in multiresistant clonal complexes. Pneumococcal strains with elevated MICs of beta-lactams are most often resistant to additional antibiotics. Basic underlying mechanisms of most pneumococcal resistances have been identified, although new insights that increase our understanding are continually provided. Although all pneumococcal infections can be successfully treated with antibiotics, the available choices are limited for some strains. Invasive pneumococcal disease data compiled during 1998 to 2013 through the population-based Active Bacterial Core surveillance program (U.S. population base of 30,600,000) demonstrate that targeting prevalent capsular serotypes with conjugate vaccines (7-valent and 13-valent vaccines implemented in 2000 and 2010, respectively) is extremely effective in reducing resistant infections. Nonetheless, resistant non-vaccine-serotype clones continue to emerge and expand. C1 [Kim, Lindsay; Tomczyk, Sara] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidemiol Sect, Resp Dis Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [McGee, Lesley; Beall, Bernard] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Streptococcus Lab, Resp Dis Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Beall, B (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Streptococcus Lab, Resp Dis Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. EM bbeall@cdc.gov NR 303 TC 7 Z9 9 U1 9 U2 25 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0893-8512 EI 1098-6618 J9 CLIN MICROBIOL REV JI Clin. Microbiol. Rev. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 29 IS 3 BP 525 EP 552 DI 10.1128/CMR.00058-15 PG 28 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA DK6TI UT WOS:000375057900004 PM 27076637 ER PT J AU Greenawald, LA Boss, GR Reeder, A Bell, S AF Greenawald, Lee A. Boss, Gerry R. Reeder, Aaron Bell, Suzanne TI Development of a hydrogen sulfide end-of-service-life indicator for respirator cartridges using cobinamide SO SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL LA English DT Article DE Optical sensor; Diffuse reflectance; Aquohydroxocobinamide; Hydrogen sulfide; End-of-service-life indicator ID NITRIC-OXIDE; REFLECTANCE; SPECTROSCOPY; PRECURSOR; GAS AB An inexpensive paper-based sensor was developed for detecting low ppm concentrations of hydrogen sulfide gas. A piece of filter paper containing aquohydroxocobinamide [OH(H2O)Cbi] was placed on the end of a bifurcated optical fiber, and the reflectance spectrum of the OH(H2O)Cbi was monitored during exposure to 10.0 ppm hydrogen sulfide gas (NIOSH recommended exposure limit). Reaction of sulfide (HS-) yielded an increase in reflectance from 400-450 nm, and decrease from 470-550 nm. Spectral changes were monitored as a function of time at 25, 50, and 85% relative humidity. Spectral shifts at high-er humidity suggested reduction of the Cbi(III) compound. The sensor was used to detect hydrogen sulfide breakthrough from respirator carbon beds and results correlated well with a standard electrochemical detector. The simple paper-based sensor could provide a real-time end-of-service-life alert for hydrogen sulfide gas. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Greenawald, Lee A.] NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, NPPTL, ETB,CDC, 1095 Willowdale Rd, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. [Boss, Gerry R.] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Med, 9500 Gilman Dr, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Reeder, Aaron] NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, NPPTL, ETB,CDC, 626 Cochrans Mill Rd, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. [Bell, Suzanne] W Virginia Univ, C Eugene Bennett Dept Chem, 217 Clark Hall, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. RP Greenawald, LA (reprint author), NIOSH, 1095 Willowdale Rd,M-S 1904, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. EM lgreenaw@mix.wvu.edu FU CDC/NIOSH/NPPTL; Office of the Director, NIH; NINDS Grant [U01 NS058030] FX The authors acknowledge financial support from CDC/NIOSH/NPPTL, and from the Office of the Director, NIH, and NINDS Grant #U01 NS058030 for the funding of this project. First author would like to acknowledge Jay Snyder, Dr. Nicole Fry, Dr. Michael Sailor, and Dr. Harry Finklea for insightful discussions that were essential to this manuscript. NR 32 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0925-4005 J9 SENSOR ACTUAT B-CHEM JI Sens. Actuator B-Chem. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 230 BP 658 EP 666 DI 10.1016/j.snb.2016.02.129 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Electrochemistry; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Instruments & Instrumentation GA DJ6ND UT WOS:000374329300084 PM 27022206 ER PT J AU Lecher, SL Hollis, N Lehmann, C Hoover, KW Jones, A Belcher, L AF Lecher, Shirley Lee Hollis, NaTasha Lehmann, Christopher Hoover, Karen W. Jones, Avatar Belcher, Lisa TI Evaluation of the Impact of National HIV Testing Day - United States, 2011-2014 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Article ID INFECTION; JURISDICTIONS; TRANSMISSION; UNAWARE; HEALTH; BLACKS; AWARE C1 [Lecher, Shirley Lee; Hollis, NaTasha; Lehmann, Christopher; Hoover, Karen W.; Jones, Avatar; Belcher, Lisa] CDC, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Hollis, N (reprint author), CDC, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM nhollis@cdc.gov NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD JUN 24 PY 2016 VL 65 IS 24 BP 613 EP 618 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DP2UX UT WOS:000378349900002 PM 27336946 ER PT J AU Ham, DC Huang, YL Gvetadze, R Peters, PJ Hoover, KW AF Ham, D. Cal Huang, Ya-lin Gvetadze, Roman Peters, Philip J. Hoover, Karen W. TI Health Care Use and HIV Testing of Males Aged 15-39 Years in Physicians' Offices - United States, 2009-2012 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Article ID INFECTION C1 [Ham, D. Cal; Huang, Ya-lin; Gvetadze, Roman; Peters, Philip J.; Hoover, Karen W.] CDC, Viral Hepatitis, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Ham, DC (reprint author), CDC, Viral Hepatitis, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM dham@cdc.gov NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD JUN 24 PY 2016 VL 65 IS 24 BP 619 EP 622 PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DP2UX UT WOS:000378349900003 PM 27337096 ER PT J AU Tynan, MA Holmes, CB Promoff, G Hallett, C Hopkins, M Frick, B AF Tynan, Michael A. Holmes, Carissa Baker Promoff, Gabbi Hallett, Cynthia Hopkins, Maggie Frick, Bronson TI State and Local Comprehensive Smoke-Free Laws for Worksites, Restaurants, and Bars - United States, 2015 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Article C1 [Tynan, Michael A.; Holmes, Carissa Baker; Promoff, Gabbi] CDC, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Off Smoking & Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Hallett, Cynthia; Hopkins, Maggie; Frick, Bronson] Amer Nonsmokers Rights Fdn, Berkeley, CA USA. RP Tynan, MA (reprint author), CDC, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Off Smoking & Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM mtynan@cdc.gov NR 10 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 3 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD JUN 24 PY 2016 VL 65 IS 24 BP 623 EP 626 PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DP2UX UT WOS:000378349900004 PM 27337212 ER PT J AU Kuehnert, MJ Basavaraju, SV Moseley, RR Pate, LL Galel, SA Williamson, PC Busch, MP Alsina, JO Climent-Peris, C Marks, PW Epstein, JS Nakhasi, HL Hobson, JP Leiby, DA Akolkar, PN Petersen, LR Rivera-Garcia, B AF Kuehnert, Matthew J. Basavaraju, Sridhar V. Moseley, Robin R. Pate, Lisa L. Galel, Susan A. Williamson, Phillip C. Busch, Michael P. Alsina, Jose O. Climent-Peris, Consuelo Marks, Peter W. Epstein, Jay S. Nakhasi, Hira L. Hobson, J. Peyton Leiby, David A. Akolkar, Pradip N. Petersen, Lyle R. Rivera-Garcia, Brenda TI Screening of Blood Donations for Zika Virus Infection - Puerto Rico, April 3-June 11, 2016 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Article C1 [Kuehnert, Matthew J.; Basavaraju, Sridhar V.; Moseley, Robin R.; Petersen, Lyle R.] CDC, Zika Virus Response Blood Safety Team, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Pate, Lisa L.; Galel, Susan A.] Roche Mol Syst Inc, Pleasanton, CA USA. [Williamson, Phillip C.] Creat Testing Solut, Tempe, AZ USA. [Busch, Michael P.] Blood Syst Res Inst, San Francisco, CA USA. [Alsina, Jose O.] Banco Sangre Serv Mutuos, San Juan, PR USA. [Climent-Peris, Consuelo] Banco Sangre Puerto Rico, San Juan, PR USA. [Marks, Peter W.; Epstein, Jay S.; Nakhasi, Hira L.; Hobson, J. Peyton; Leiby, David A.; Akolkar, Pradip N.] US FDA, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Rivera-Garcia, Brenda] Puerto Rico Dept Hlth, San Juan, PR USA. RP Kuehnert, MJ (reprint author), CDC, Zika Virus Response Blood Safety Team, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM eocevent281@cdc.gov NR 6 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 30 U2 35 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD JUN 24 PY 2016 VL 65 IS 24 BP 627 EP 628 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DP2UX UT WOS:000378349900005 PM 27337368 ER PT J AU Lee, CT Vora, NM Bajwa, W Boyd, L Harper, S Kass, D Langston, A McGibbon, E Merlino, M Rakeman, JL Raphael, M Slavinski, S Tran, A Wong, R Varma, JK AF Lee, Christopher T. Vora, Neil M. Bajwa, Waheed Boyd, Lorraine Harper, Scott Kass, Daniel Langston, Aileen McGibbon, Emily Merlino, Mario Rakeman, Jennifer L. Raphael, Marisa Slavinski, Sally Tran, Anthony Wong, Ricky Varma, Jay K. CA NYC Zika Response Team TI Zika Virus Surveillance and Preparedness - New York City, 2015-2016 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES C1 [Lee, Christopher T.] New York City Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, Div Epidemiol, New York, NY 10013 USA. [Lee, Christopher T.] CDC, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Vora, Neil M.; Harper, Scott; McGibbon, Emily; Slavinski, Sally; Varma, Jay K.] New York City Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, Div Dis Control, New York, NY USA. [Vora, Neil M.; Harper, Scott] CDC, Off Publ Hlth Preparedness & Response, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Bajwa, Waheed; Kass, Daniel; Merlino, Mario] New York City Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, Div Environm Hlth, New York, NY USA. [Boyd, Lorraine; Langston, Aileen] New York City Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, Div Family & Child Hlth, New York, NY USA. [Rakeman, Jennifer L.; Tran, Anthony] New York City Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, Publ Hlth Lab, New York, NY USA. [Raphael, Marisa] New York City Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, Off Emergency Preparedness & Response, New York, NY USA. [Wong, Ricky] New York City Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, Off External Affairs, New York, NY USA. [Varma, Jay K.] CDC, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Lee, CT (reprint author), New York City Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, Div Epidemiol, New York, NY 10013 USA.; Lee, CT (reprint author), CDC, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM klq5@cdc.gov NR 7 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 25 U2 29 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD JUN 24 PY 2016 VL 65 IS 24 BP 629 EP 635 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DP2UX UT WOS:000378349900006 PM 27337505 ER PT J AU Nguyen, DT Kit, B Carroll, MD Frenk, SM AF Nguyen, Duong T. Kit, Brian Carroll, Margaret D. Frenk, Steven M. TI Prevalence of Abnormal Cholesterol Levels Among Young Persons Aged 6-19 Years, by Sex and Weight Status - National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, United States, 2011-2014 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Nguyen, Duong T.; Kit, Brian; Carroll, Margaret D.; Frenk, Steven M.] CDC, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Nguyen, DT (reprint author), CDC, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM dtnguyen1@cdc.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD JUN 24 PY 2016 VL 65 IS 24 BP 637 EP 637 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DP2UX UT WOS:000378349900007 ER PT J AU Thompson, MG Gaglani, MJ Naleway, AL Dowell, SH Spencer, S Ball, S Levine, M Fry, A AF Thompson, Mark G. Gaglani, Manjusha J. Naleway, Allison L. Dowell, Samuel H. Spencer, Sarah Ball, Sarah Levine, Min Fry, Alicia TI Reduced serologic sensitivity to influenza A virus illness among inactivated influenza vaccinees SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Influenza; Hemagglutinin inhibition; Seroconversion; Antibody; Influenza vaccine; Immunogenicity; Vaccine failure ID HEALTH-CARE PERSONNEL; ACUTE RESPIRATORY ILLNESS; SUBJECTIVE SOCIAL-STATUS; VACCINATION; EFFICACY; ANTIBODY; REAL; TIME; COHORT; SEASON AB We compared >= 4-fold increases in antibody titers by hemagglutination inhibition assay to RT-PCR results among 42 adults with PCR-confirmed influenza A virus illnesses. Serologic sensitivity was higher among unvaccinated (69%, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 48-90%) than vaccinated healthcare personnel (38%, 95% CI = 29-46%) in a 2010-11 prospective cohort. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Thompson, Mark G.; Dowell, Samuel H.; Spencer, Sarah; Levine, Min; Fry, Alicia] CDC, NCIRD, Influenza Div, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Gaglani, Manjusha J.] Texas A&M HSC COM, Div Pediat Infect Dis, Baylor Scott & White Hlth, Temple, TX 76508 USA. [Naleway, Allison L.] Kaiser Permanente Northwest, Ctr Hlth Res, Portland, OR 97227 USA. [Ball, Sarah] Abt Associates Inc, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Thompson, MG (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, MS-A32,1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM isq8@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [200-2010-F-33396] FX This work was supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (contract 200-2010-F-33396 to Abt Associates, Inc.). The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Abt Associates Inc., Kaiser Permanente Center for Health Research, or Scott and White Healthcare. NR 25 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X EI 1873-2518 J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD JUN 24 PY 2016 VL 34 IS 30 BP 3443 EP 3446 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2016.04.085 PG 4 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA DQ1IT UT WOS:000378955400003 PM 27195761 ER PT J AU Greiner, AL Mamuchishvili, N Kakutia, N Stauffer, K Geleishvili, M Chitadze, N Chikviladze, T Zakhashvili, K Morgan, J Salyer, SJ AF Greiner, Ashley L. Mamuchishvili, Nana Kakutia, Natia Stauffer, Kendra Geleishvili, Marika Chitadze, Nazibrola Chikviladze, Tamar Zakhashvili, Khatuna Morgan, Juliette Salyer, Stephanie J. TI Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever Knowledge, Attitudes, Practices, Risk Factors, and Seroprevalence in Rural Georgian Villages with Known Transmission in 2014 SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID COUNTRY; VIRUS AB In 2014 the highest annual case count of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) was detected in Georgia since surveillance began in 2009. CCHF is a high-fatality hemorrhagic syndrome transmitted by infected ticks and animal blood. In response to this immediate public health threat, we assessed CCHF risk factors, seroprevalence, and CCHF-related knowledge, attitudes, and practices in the 12 rural villages reporting a 2014 CCHF case, to inform CCHF prevention and control measures. Households were randomly selected for interviewing and serum sample collection. Data were weighted by non-response and gender; percentages reflect weighting. Among 618 respondents, median age was 54.8 years (IQR: 26.5, range: 18.6-101.4); 215 (48.8%) were male. Most (91.5%) participants reported >= 1 CCHF high-risk activity. Of 389 participants with tick exposure, 286 (46.7%) participants handled ticks bare-handed; 65/216 (29.7%) knew the risk. Of 605 respondents, 355 (57.9%) reported animal blood exposure; 32/281 (12.7%) knew the risk. Of 612 responding, 184 (28.8%) knew protective measures against CCHF and tick exposures, but only 54.3% employed the measures. Of 435 serum samples collected, 12 were anti-CCHF IgG positive, indicating a weighted 3.0% seroprevalence. Most (66.7%) seropositive subjects reported tick exposure. In these villages, CCHF risk factors are prevalent, while CCHF-related knowledge and preventive practices are limited; these findings are critical to informing public health interventions to effectively control and prevent ongoing CCHF transmission. Additionally, CCHF seroprevalence is higher than previously detected (0.03%), highlighting the importance of this disease in the South Caucuses and in supporting ongoing regional investigations. C1 [Greiner, Ashley L.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA USA. [Greiner, Ashley L.; Salyer, Stephanie J.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ctr Global Hlth, Div Global Hlth Protect, Atlanta, GA USA. [Mamuchishvili, Nana; Kakutia, Natia; Chitadze, Nazibrola; Chikviladze, Tamar; Zakhashvili, Khatuna] Natl Ctr Dis Control & Publ Hlth, Tbilisi, Rep of Georgia. [Stauffer, Kendra; Geleishvili, Marika; Morgan, Juliette] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ctr Global Hlth, South Caucasus Country Off, Tbilisi, Rep of Georgia. [Chitadze, Nazibrola; Chikviladze, Tamar] RG Lugar Ctr Publ Hlth Res, Tbilisi, Rep of Georgia. RP Greiner, AL (reprint author), US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA USA.; Greiner, AL (reprint author), US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ctr Global Hlth, Div Global Hlth Protect, Atlanta, GA USA. EM agreiner@cdc.gov OI Salyer, Stephanie/0000-0001-7679-2006 FU United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX Research was funded by the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 22 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JUN 23 PY 2016 VL 11 IS 6 AR e0158049 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0158049 PG 15 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA DP3JL UT WOS:000378389200097 PM 27336731 ER PT J AU Park, GW Collins, N Barclay, L Hu, LY Prasad, BVV Lopman, BA Vinje, J AF Park, Geun Woo Collins, Nikail Barclay, Leslie Hu, Liya Prasad, B. V. Venkataram Lopman, Benjamin A. Vinje, Jan TI Strain-Specific Virolysis Patterns of Human Noroviruses in Response to Alcohols SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID TERM-CARE FACILITIES; MURINE NOROVIRUS; FELINE CALICIVIRUS; HAND SANITIZERS; GII.4 NOROVIRUS; GASTROENTERITIS; INACTIVATION; SURROGATES; VIRUSES; INFECTION AB Alcohol-based hand sanitizers are widely used to disinfect hands to prevent the spread of pathogens including noroviruses. Alcohols inactivate norovirus by destruction of the viral capsid, resulting in the leakage of viral RNA (virolysis). Since conflicting results have been reported on the susceptibility of human noroviruses against alcohols, we exposed a panel of 30 human norovirus strains (14 GI and 16 GII strains) to different concentrations (50%, 70%, 90%) of ethanol and isopropanol and tested the viral RNA titer by RT-qPCR. Viral RNA titers of 10 (71.4%), 14 (100%), 3 (21.4%) and 7 (50%) of the 14 GI strains were reduced by > 1 log(10) RNA copies/ml after exposure to 70% and 90% ethanol, and 70% and 90% isopropanol, respectively. RNA titers of 6 of the 7 non-GII 4 strains remained unaffected after alcohol exposure. Compared to GII strains, GI strains were more susceptible to ethanol than to isopropanol. At 90%, both alcohols reduced RNA titers of 8 of the 9 GII. 4 strains by >= 1 log(10) RNA copies/ml. After exposure to 70% ethanol, RNA titers of GII. 4 Den Haag and Sydney strains decreased by >= 1.9 log(10), whereas RNA reductions for GII. 4 New Orleans strains were < 0.5 log(10). To explain these differences, we sequenced the complete capsid gene of the 9 GII. 4 strains and identified 17 amino acid substitutions in the P2 region among the 3 GII. 4 variant viruses. When comparing with an additional set of 200 GII. 4 VP1 sequences, only S310 and P396 were present in all GII. 4 New Orleans viruses but not in the ethanol-sensitive GII. 4 Sydney and GII. 4 Den Haag viruses Our data demonstrate that alcohol susceptibility patterns between different norovirus genotypes vary widely and that virolysis data for a single strain or genotype are not representative for all noroviruses. C1 [Park, Geun Woo; Collins, Nikail; Barclay, Leslie; Lopman, Benjamin A.; Vinje, Jan] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Collins, Nikail] AREF, Atlanta, GA USA. [Hu, Liya; Prasad, B. V. Venkataram] Baylor Coll Med, Verna Marrs McLean Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Park, GW (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. EM gpark@cdc.gov FU NIH [P01 AI057788]; Robert Welch Foundation [Q1279] FX BVVP acknowledges support from NIH grant (P01 AI057788) and the Robert Welch Foundation (Q1279). NR 43 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 8 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JUN 23 PY 2016 VL 11 IS 6 AR e0157787 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0157787 PG 12 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA DP3JL UT WOS:000378389200044 PM 27337036 ER PT J AU Eastlake, A Zumwalde, R Geraci, C AF Eastlake, Adrienne Zumwalde, Ralph Geraci, Charles TI Can control banding be useful for the safe handling of nanomaterials? A systematic review SO JOURNAL OF NANOPARTICLE RESEARCH LA English DT Review DE Nanomaterials; Control banding; Nanotechnology; Systematic review; Health effects ID EXPOSURE CONTROL LIMITS; COSHH ESSENTIALS; ENGINEERED NANOPARTICLES; RISK-ASSESSMENT; HEALTH-RISKS; MODEL; RECOMMENDATIONS; STOFFENMANAGER; QUALITY; GRADE AB Control banding (CB) is a risk management strategy that has been used to identify and recommend exposure control measures to potentially hazardous substances for which toxicological information is limited. The application of CB and level of expertise required for implementation and management can differ depending on knowledge of the hazard potential, the likelihood of exposure, and the ability to verify the effectiveness of exposure control measures. A number of different strategies have been proposed for using CB in workplaces where exposure to engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) can occur. However, it is unclear if the use of CB can effectively reduce worker exposure to nanomaterials. A systematic review of studies was conducted to answer the question "can control banding be useful to ensure adequate controls for the safe handling of nanomaterials." A variety of databases were searched to identify relevant studies pertaining to CB. Database search terms included 'control,' 'hazard,' 'exposure,' and 'risk' banding as well as the use of these terms in the context of nanotechnology or nanomaterials. Other potentially relevant studies were identified during the review of articles obtained in the systematic review process. Identification of studies and the extraction of data were independently conducted by the reviewers. Quality of the studies was assessed using the methodological index for nonrandomized studies. The quality of the evidence was evaluated using grading of recommendations assessment, development and evaluation (GRADE). A total of 235 records were identified in the database search in which 70 records were determined to be eligible for full-text review. Only two studies were identified that met the inclusion criteria. These studies evaluated the application of the CB Nanotool in workplaces where ENMs were being handled. A total of 32 different nanomaterial handling activities were evaluated in these studies by comparing the recommended exposure controls using CB to existing exposure controls previously recommended by an industrial hygienist. It was determined that the selection of exposure controls using CB were consistent with those recommended by an industrial hygienist for 19 out of 32 (59.4 %) job activities. A higher level of exposure control was recommended for nine out of 32 (28.1 %) job activities using CB, while four out of 32 (12.5 %) job activities had in-place exposure controls that were more stringent than those recommended using CB. After evaluation using GRADE, evidence indicated that the use of CB Nanotool can recommend exposure controls for many ENM job activities that would be consistent with those recommended by an experienced industrial hygienist. The use of CB for reducing exposures to ENMs has the potential to be an effective risk management strategy when information is limited on the health risk to the nanomaterial and/or there is an absence of an occupational exposure limit. However, there remains a lack of evidence to conclude that the use of CB can provide adequate exposure control in all work environments. Additional validation work is needed to provide more data to support the use of CB for the safe handling of ENMs. C1 [Eastlake, Adrienne; Geraci, Charles] NIOSH, Nanotechnol Res Ctr, 1090 Tusculum Ave,MS C14, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Zumwalde, Ralph] RCS Corp, Aiken, SC USA. RP Eastlake, A (reprint author), NIOSH, Nanotechnol Res Ctr, 1090 Tusculum Ave,MS C14, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. EM aeastlake@cdc.gov NR 71 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 10 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1388-0764 EI 1572-896X J9 J NANOPART RES JI J. Nanopart. Res. PD JUN 22 PY 2016 VL 18 IS 6 AR 169 DI 10.1007/s11051-016-3476-0 PG 24 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA DQ0NL UT WOS:000378896200001 ER PT J AU Harvey, MJ Prosser, LA Messonnier, ML Hutton, DW AF Harvey, Michael J. Prosser, Lisa A. Messonnier, Mark L. Hutton, David W. TI Hitting the Optimal Vaccination Percentage and the Risks of Error: Why to Miss Right SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID INFECTIOUS-DISEASES; HERD-IMMUNITY; STRATEGIES; THRESHOLD AB Objective To determine the optimal level of vaccination coverage defined as the level that minimizes total costs and explore how economic results change with marginal changes to this level of coverage. Methods A susceptible-infected-recovered-vaccinated model designed to represent theoretical infectious diseases was created to simulate disease spread. Parameter inputs were defined to include ranges that could represent a variety of possible vaccine-preventable conditions. Costs included vaccine costs and disease costs. Health benefits were quantified as monetized quality adjusted life years lost from disease. Primary outcomes were the number of infected people and the total costs of vaccination. Optimization methods were used to determine population vaccination coverage that achieved a minimum cost given disease and vaccine characteristics. Sensitivity analyses explored the effects of changes in reproductive rates, costs and vaccine efficacies on primary outcomes. Further analysis examined the additional cost incurred if the optimal coverage levels were not achieved. Results Results indicate that the relationship between vaccine and disease cost is the main driver of the optimal vaccination level. Under a wide range of assumptions, vaccination beyond the optimal level is less expensive compared to vaccination below the optimal level. This observation did not hold when the cost of the vaccine cost becomes approximately equal to the cost of disease. Discussion and Conclusion These results suggest that vaccination below the optimal level of coverage is more costly than vaccinating beyond the optimal level. This work helps provide information for assessing the impact of changes in vaccination coverage at a societal level. C1 [Harvey, Michael J.; Prosser, Lisa A.; Hutton, David W.] Univ Michigan, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Hlth Management & Policy, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Prosser, Lisa A.] Univ Michigan, Sch Med, Div Gen Pediat, Child Hlth Evaluat & Res Unit, Ann Arbor, MI USA. [Messonnier, Mark L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Harvey, MJ (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Hlth Management & Policy, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. EM harveymj@umich.edu FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases [U01 IP000143-01] FX This study was funded by cooperative agreement U01 IP000143-01 from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases. The views in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, US Department of Health and Human Services. The funders had a role in the design and conduct of the study, and interpretation of the data. The funders had no role or collection, management, or analysis of the data. The CDC reviewed the manuscript. NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JUN 22 PY 2016 VL 11 IS 6 AR e0156737 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0156737 PG 10 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA DP0WX UT WOS:000378212800014 PM 27332996 ER PT J AU Kadjo, AF Stamos, BN Shelor, CP Berg, JM Blount, BC Dasgupta, PK AF Kadjo, Akinde F. Stamos, Brian N. Shelor, C. Phillip Berg, Jordan M. Blount, Benjamin C. Dasgupta, Purnendu K. TI Evaluation of Amount of Blood in Dry Blood Spots: Ring-Disk Electrode Conductometry SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID TANDEM MASS-SPECTROMETRY; WHOLE-BLOOD; CAPILLARY-ELECTROPHORESIS; CONDUCTIVITY PROBE; CAPACITANCE PROBE; AGE-DETERMINATION; MS/MS; QUANTIFICATION; CHROMATOGRAPHY; PHENYLALANINE AB A fixed area punch in dried blood spot (DBS) analysis is assumed to contain a fixed amount of blood, but the amount actually depends on a number of factors. The presently preferred approach is to normalize the measurement with respect to the sodium level, measured by atomic spectrometry. Instead of sodium levels, we propose electrical conductivity of the extract as an equivalent nondestructive measure. A dip-type small diameter ring-disk electrode (RDE) is ideal for very small volumes. However, the conductance (G) measured by an RDE depends on the depth (D) of the liquid below the probe. There is no established way of computing the specific conductance (a) of the solution from G. Using a COMSOL Multiphysics model, we were able to obtain excellent agreement between the measured and the model predicted conductance as a function of D. Using simulations over a large range of dimensions, we provide a spreadsheet-based calculator where the RDE dimensions are the input parameters and the procedure determines the 99% of the infinite depth conductance (G(99)) and the depth D-99 at which this is reached. For typical small diameter probes (outer electrode diameter similar to <2 mm), D-99 is small enough for dip-type measurements in extract volumes of similar to 100 mu L. We demonstrate the use of such probes with DBS extracts. In a small group of 12 volunteers (age 20-66), the specific conductance of 100 mu L aqueous extracts of 2 mu L of spotted blood showed a variance of 17.9%. For a given subject, methanol extracts of DBS spots nominally containing 8 and 4 mu L of blood differed by a factor of 1.8-1.9 in the chromatographically determined values of sulfate and chloride (a minor and major constituent, respectively). The values normalized with respect to the conductance of the extracts differed by similar to 1%. For serum associated analytes, normalization of the analyte value by the extract conductance can thus greatly reduce errors from variations in the spotted blood volume/unit area. C1 [Kadjo, Akinde F.; Stamos, Brian N.; Shelor, C. Phillip; Dasgupta, Purnendu K.] Univ Texas Arlington, Dept Chem & Biochem, Arlington, TX 76019 USA. [Berg, Jordan M.] Texas Tech Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. [Blount, Benjamin C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Lab Sci, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Dasgupta, PK (reprint author), Univ Texas Arlington, Dept Chem & Biochem, Arlington, TX 76019 USA.; Berg, JM (reprint author), Texas Tech Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. EM Jordan.Berg@ttu.edu; Dasgupta@uta.edu FU NSF [CHE-1506572]; ThermoFisher/Dionex; CDC Foundation; Hamish Small Chair Endowment at the University of Texas at Arlington; NSF FX This work was supported partially by NSF (Grant CHE-1506572), ThermoFisher/Dionex, the CDC Foundation, and the Hamish Small Chair Endowment at the University of Texas at Arlington. J.M.B. acknowledges the support of NSF while serving as an IPA rotator. NR 37 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 15 U2 16 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0003-2700 EI 1520-6882 J9 ANAL CHEM JI Anal. Chem. PD JUN 21 PY 2016 VL 88 IS 12 BP 6531 EP 6537 DI 10.1021/acs.analchem.6b01280 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA DP4MO UT WOS:000378470200062 PM 27226021 ER PT J AU Auld, SC Moore, BK Kyle, RP Eng, B Nong, K Pevzner, ES Eam, KK Eang, MT Killam, WP AF Auld, S. C. Moore, B. K. Kyle, R. P. Eng, B. Nong, K. Pevzner, E. S. Eam, K. K. Eang, M. T. Killam, W. P. TI Mixed impact of Xpert (R) MTB/RIF on tuberculosis diagnosis in Cambodia SO PUBLIC HEALTH ACTION LA English DT Article DE HIV; drug resistance; MDR-TB; point-of-care testing ID IMPLEMENTATION; FEASIBILITY; MULTICENTER; RESISTANCE; SETTINGS; ACCURACY; TRIAL; HIV AB Setting: National Tuberculosis (TB) Program sites in northwest Cambodia. Objective: To evaluate the impact of Xpert (R) MTB/RIF at point of care (POC) as compared to non-POC sites on the diagnostic evaluation of people living with the human immunodeficiency virus (PLHIV) with TB symptoms and patients with possible multidrug-resistant (MDR) TB. Design: Observational cohort of patients undergoing routine diagnostic evaluation for TB following the rollout of Xpert. Results: Between October 2011 and June 2013, 431 of 822 (52%) PLHIV with TB symptoms and 240/493 (49%) patients with possible MDR-TB underwent Xpert. Xpert was more likely to be performed when available as POC. A smaller proportion of PLHIV at POC sites were diagnosed with TB than at non-POC sites; however, at POC sites, a higher proportion of those diagnosed with TB were bacteriologically positive. There was poor agreement between Xpert and other tests such as smear microscopy and culture. Overall, the evaluation of patients with possible MDR-TB increased following Xpert rollout, yet for patients confirmed as having drug resistance on drug susceptibility testing, only 46% had rifampin resistance that would be identified with Xpert. Conclusion: Although utilization of Xpert was low, it may have contributed to an increase in evaluations for possible MDR-TB and a decline in empiric treatment for PLHIV when available as POC. C1 [Auld, S. C.; Moore, B. K.; Pevzner, E. S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Div Global HIV TB, Atlanta, GA USA. [Auld, S. C.] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Div Pulm & Crit Care Med, 615 Michael St NE,Suite 205, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Kyle, R. P.] McGill Univ, Dept Epidemiol Biostat & Occupat Hlth, Montreal, PQ, Canada. [Eng, B.; Nong, K.; Killam, W. P.] CDC, Div Global HIV TB, Phnom Penh, Cambodia. [Eam, K. K.; Eang, M. T.] Natl Ctr TB & Leprosy Control, Phnom Penh, Cambodia. RP Auld, SC (reprint author), Emory Univ, Sch Med, Div Pulm & Crit Care Med, 615 Michael St NE,Suite 205, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. EM sauld@emory.edu RI Kyle, Ryan/E-5718-2014 OI Kyle, Ryan/0000-0001-5829-9867 NR 24 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU INT UNION AGAINST TUBERCULOSIS LUNG DISEASE (I U A T L D) PI PARIS PA 68 BOULEVARD SAINT-MICHEL,, 75006 PARIS, FRANCE SN 2220-8372 J9 PUBLIC HEALTH ACTION JI PUBLIC HEALTH ACTION PD JUN 21 PY 2016 VL 6 IS 2 BP 129 EP 135 DI 10.5588/pha.16.0001 PG 7 WC Respiratory System SC Respiratory System GA DP2MP UT WOS:000378323200015 PM 27358807 ER PT J AU Bhardwaj, RR Oeltmann, JE Ravichandra, C Chadda, VK Das, M Kumar, AMV AF Bhardwaj, R. R. Oeltmann, J. E. Ravichandra, C. Chadda, V. K. Das, M. Kumar, A. M. V. TI Engaging private providers and Ayurvedic practitioners in Bilaspur, India: did it increase TB case detection? SO PUBLIC HEALTH ACTION LA English DT Article DE private practitioners; Indian system of medicine; India; operational research ID TUBERCULOSIS AB To find 'missing' tuberculosis (TB) cases, in November 2014 we trained private practitioners (PPs) and Ayurvedic practitioners (APs; Indian system of medicine) in Bilaspur district, India, to identify patients with presumptive TB and refer them to sputum microscopy centres. To reinforce this training, we sent weekly text message reminders during January-March 2015. All 50 APs and 23 of 29 PPs participated. The number of patients with presumptive TB referred by the PPs and APs increased from 38 (January-March 2014) to 104 (January-March 2015), and the number of smear-positive TB patients diagnosed increased from 5 to 16, a 220% increase. While the intervention increased the number of referrals, it did not impact case detection at district level, due to the short duration of the intervention and the non-dominant private sector. C1 [Bhardwaj, R. R.] Natl Hlth Mission, Shimla 171009, Himachal Prades, India. [Oeltmann, J. E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Ravichandra, C.; Chadda, V. K.] Natl TB Inst, Bengaluru, India. [Das, M.] Medecins Sans Frontieres, Operat Ctr Brussels, New Delhi, India. [Kumar, A. M. V.] South East Asia Reg Off, Int Union TB & Lung Dis, New Delhi, India. RP Bhardwaj, RR (reprint author), Natl Hlth Mission, Shimla 171009, Himachal Prades, India. EM rakesh9342@gmail.com NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT UNION AGAINST TUBERCULOSIS LUNG DISEASE (I U A T L D) PI PARIS PA 68 BOULEVARD SAINT-MICHEL,, 75006 PARIS, FRANCE SN 2220-8372 J9 PUBLIC HEALTH ACTION JI PUBLIC HEALTH ACTION PD JUN 21 PY 2016 VL 6 IS 2 BP 154 EP 156 DI 10.5588/pha.16.0079 PG 3 WC Respiratory System SC Respiratory System GA DP2MP UT WOS:000378323200019 PM 27358811 ER PT J AU Sterling, TR Scott, NA Miro, JM Calvet, G La Rosa, A Infante, R Chen, MP Benator, DA Gordin, F Benson, CA Chaisson, RE Villarino, ME AF Sterling, Timothy R. Scott, Nigel A. Miro, Jose M. Calvet, Guilherme La Rosa, Alberto Infante, Rosa Chen, Michael P. Benator, Debra A. Gordin, Fred Benson, Constance A. Chaisson, Richard E. Villarino, M. Elsa CA TB Trials Consortium AIDS Clinical Trials Grp PREVENT T TI Three months of weekly rifapentine and isoniazid for treatment of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in HIV-coinfected persons SO AIDS LA English DT Article DE HIV; isoniazid; latent tuberculosis; Mycobacterium tuberculosis; rifapentine ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; RIO-DE-JANEIRO; PREVENTIVE THERAPY; ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; TRIAL; RISK; MORTALITY; AFRICA; BURDEN; IMPACT AB Objective: Compare the effectiveness, tolerability, and safety of 3 months of weekly rifapentine and isoniazid under direct observation (3HP) versus 9 months of daily isoniazid (9H) in HIV-infected persons. Design: Prospective, randomized, and open-label noninferiority trial. Setting: The United States, Brazil, Spain, Peru, Canada, and Hong Kong. Participants: HIV-infected persons who were tuberculin skin test positive or close contacts of tuberculosis cases. Intervention: 3HP versus 9H. Main outcome measures: The effectiveness endpoint was tuberculosis; the noninferiority margin was 0.75%. The tolerability endpoint was treatment completion; the safety endpoint was drug discontinuation because of adverse drug reaction. Results: Median baseline CD4(+) cell counts were 495 (IQR 389-675) and 538 (IQR 418-729) cells/mu l in the 3HP and 9H arms, respectively (P=0.09). In the modified intention-to-treat analysis, there were two tuberculosis cases among 206 persons [517 person-years (p-y) of follow-up] in the 3HP arm (0.39 per 100 p-y) and six tuberculosis cases among 193 persons (481 p-y of follow-up) in the 9H arm (1.25 per 100 p-y). Cumulative tuberculosis rates were 1.01 versus 3.50% in the 3HP and 9H arms, respectively (rate difference: -2.49%; upper bound of the 95% confidence interval of the difference: 0.60%). Treatment completion was higher with 3HP (89%) than 9H (64%) (P<0.001), and drug discontinuation because of an adverse drug reaction was similar (3 vs. 4%; P=0.79) in 3HP and 9H, respectively. Conclusion: Among HIV-infected persons with median CD4+ cell count of approximately 500 cells/mu l, 3HP was as effective and safe for treatment of latent Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection as 9H, and better tolerated. Copyright (C) 2016 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Sterling, Timothy R.] Vanderbilt Univ, Sch Med, A2209 Med Ctr North,1161 21st Ave South, Nashville, TN 37232 USA. [Scott, Nigel A.; Chen, Michael P.; Villarino, M. Elsa] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Miro, Jose M.] Univ Barcelona, Hosp Clin IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain. [Calvet, Guilherme] Fundacao Oswaldo Cruz, Inst Nacl Infectol, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. [La Rosa, Alberto; Infante, Rosa] Asociac Civil Impacta Salud & Educ, Lima, Peru. [Benator, Debra A.; Gordin, Fred] Vet Affairs Med Ctr, 50 Irving St NW, Washington, DC 20422 USA. [Benator, Debra A.; Gordin, Fred] George Washington Univ, Washington, DC USA. [Benson, Constance A.] Univ Calif San Diego, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. [Chaisson, Richard E.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Baltimore, MD USA. RP Sterling, TR (reprint author), Vanderbilt Univ, Sch Med, A2209 Med Ctr North,1161 21st Ave South, Nashville, TN 37232 USA. EM timothy.sterling@vanderbilt.edu FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (Tuberculosis Trials Consortium); National Institutes of Health (AIDS Clinical Trials Group) FX This work was supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (Tuberculosis Trials Consortium) and the National Institutes of Health (AIDS Clinical Trials Group). Sanofi donated the rifapentine used in this study, and donated $2.5 million to the CDC Foundation to supplement available US federal funding for rifapentine research. Details on the uses of these fund are available. Sanofi did not participate in design and conduct of the study; in the collection, analysis, or interpretation of data; in the writing of this manuscript; or in the decision to submit this manuscript for publication. NR 30 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 0269-9370 EI 1473-5571 J9 AIDS JI Aids PD JUN 19 PY 2016 VL 30 IS 10 BP 1607 EP 1615 DI 10.1097/QAD.0000000000001098 PG 9 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology GA DN9SD UT WOS:000377419500011 PM 27243774 ER PT J AU Asturias, EJ Wharton, M Pless, R MacDonald, NE Chen, RT Andrews, N Salisbury, D Dodoo, AN Hartigan-Go, K Zuber, PLF AF Asturias, Edwin J. Wharton, Melinda Pless, Robert MacDonald, Noni E. Chen, Robert T. Andrews, Nicholas Salisbury, David Dodoo, Alexander N. Hartigan-Go, Kenneth Zuber, Patrick L. F. TI Contributions and challenges for worldwide vaccine safety: The Global Advisory Committee on Vaccine Safety at 15 years SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Vaccine safety; Global public health; Vaccine adverse events; Global Advisory Committee on Vaccine Safety; Vaccine policy; Immunization program ID EVENTS FOLLOWING IMMUNIZATION; ROTAVIRUS VACCINE; CONJUGATE VACCINE; CHILDREN; PERSPECTIVE; INTUSSUSCEPTION; HESITANCY; HEALTH; ROTASHIELD; CAMPAIGNS AB In 1999, the Global Advisory Committee on Vaccine Safety (GACVS) was established by the World Health Organization (WHO) to provide independent scientific advice on issues relating to the safety of vaccines and immunization. Fifteen years onward, we conducted a multi-faceted review to evaluate the impact, reach and challenges facing GACVS, including the role GACVS plays in informing global, regional and WHO member state vaccine policy. The methods included measures of organizational structure, citation impact, themes approached, and a discussion by previous and current members to evaluate past, present and future challenges. Given the increasing range of data sources and the deployment of many new vaccines, the Committee is facing the complex task of identifying the best available evidence for recommendations on vaccine safety. To help meet the increased demand for public transparency in decision making, GACVS-structured methodology for evidence-based decisions is evolving. GACVS also promotes best practices and capacity building for timely and accurate risk assessment; risk communications; outreach to help countries maintain and, if needed, rebuild public trust in vaccines; and advocacy for bridging the major gaps in vaccine safety capacity globally. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Asturias, Edwin J.] Colorado Sch Publ Hlth, Ctr Global Hlth, Aurora, CO USA. [Asturias, Edwin J.] Univ Colorado, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, 13199 E Mt View Blvd,Suite 310, Aurora, CO 80045 USA. [Wharton, Melinda] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Pless, Robert] Publ Hlth Agcy Canada, Communicable Dis Surveillance, Vancouver, BC, Canada. [MacDonald, Noni E.] Dalhousie Univ, Dept Pediat, Halifax, NS, Canada. [Chen, Robert T.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA USA. [Andrews, Nicholas] Publ Hlth England, Stat Modelling & Econ Dept, London, England. [Salisbury, David] Ctr Global Hlth Secur, Chatham House, London, England. [Dodoo, Alexander N.] Univ Ghana, Sch Med, Sch Med & Dent, WHO Collaborating Ctr Advocacy & Training Pharmac, Accra, Ghana. [Hartigan-Go, Kenneth] Asian Inst Management, Ctr Dev Management, Manila, Philippines. [Zuber, Patrick L. F.] WHO, Dept Essential Med & Hlth Prod, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. RP Asturias, EJ (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, 13199 E Mt View Blvd,Suite 310, Aurora, CO 80045 USA.; Asturias, EJ (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Sch Med, Dept Epidemiol, 13199 E Mt View Blvd,Suite 310, Aurora, CO 80045 USA. EM edwin.asturias@ucdenver.edu FU World Health Organization FX This work was funded by the World Health Organization as a commissioned report. NR 49 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X EI 1873-2518 J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD JUN 17 PY 2016 VL 34 IS 29 BP 3342 EP 3349 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2016.05.018 PG 8 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA DP7GU UT WOS:000378668000003 PM 27195758 ER PT J AU Boal, WL Li, J Rodriguez-Acosta, RL AF Boal, Winifred L. Li, Jia Rodriguez-Acosta, Rosa L. TI Seat Belt Use Among Adult Workers-21 States, 2013 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; ENFORCEMENT; DRIVERS; LAWS C1 [Boal, Winifred L.; Li, Jia] NIOSH, Div Surveillance Hazard Evaluat & Field Studies, CDC, Washington, DC USA. [Rodriguez-Acosta, Rosa L.] NIOSH, Div Safety Res, Ctr Motor Vehicle Safety, CDC, Washington, DC USA. RP Boal, WL (reprint author), NIOSH, Div Surveillance Hazard Evaluat & Field Studies, CDC, Washington, DC USA. EM wboal@cdc.gov NR 10 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD JUN 17 PY 2016 VL 65 IS 23 BP 593 EP 597 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DP2UV UT WOS:000378349700001 PM 27309488 ER PT J AU Watson, KB Harris, CD Carlson, SA Dorn, JM Fulton, JE AF Watson, Kathleen B. Harris, Carmen D. Carlson, Susan A. Dorn, Joan M. Fulton, Janet E. TI Disparities in Adolescents' Residence in Neighborhoods Supportive of Physical Activity - United States, 2011-2012 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Article ID ENVIRONMENT C1 [Watson, Kathleen B.; Carlson, Susan A.; Fulton, Janet E.] CDC, Div Nutr Phys Act & Obes, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Harris, Carmen D.] Amer Essential Hosp, Washington, DC USA. [Dorn, Joan M.] CUNY, New York, NY 10021 USA. RP Watson, KB (reprint author), CDC, Div Nutr Phys Act & Obes, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM KWatson@cdc.gov NR 10 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD JUN 17 PY 2016 VL 65 IS 23 BP 598 EP 601 PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DP2UV UT WOS:000378349700002 PM 27309671 ER PT J AU Besera, G Moskosky, S Pazol, K Fowler, C Warner, L Johnson, DM Barfield, WD AF Besera, Ghenet Moskosky, Susan Pazol, Karen Fowler, Christina Warner, Lee Johnson, David M. Barfield, Wanda D. TI Male Attendance at Title X Family Planning Clinics - United States, 2003-2014 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Article ID MEN; SERVICES C1 [Besera, Ghenet; Pazol, Karen; Warner, Lee; Barfield, Wanda D.] CDC, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Moskosky, Susan; Johnson, David M.] US Dept HHS, Off Populat Affairs, Rockville, MD USA. [Fowler, Christina] RTI Int, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. RP Besera, G (reprint author), CDC, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM GBesera@cdc.gov NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD JUN 17 PY 2016 VL 65 IS 23 BP 602 EP 605 PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DP2UV UT WOS:000378349700003 PM 27309884 ER PT J AU Hancock-Allen, J Cronquist, AB Peden, J Adamson, D Corral, N Brown, K AF Hancock-Allen, Jessica Cronquist, Alicia B. Peden, JoRene Adamson, Debra Corral, Nereida Brown, Kerri TI Typhoid Fever Outbreak Associated with an Asymptomatic Carrier at a Restaurant - Weld County, Colorado, 2015 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Article C1 [Hancock-Allen, Jessica] CDC, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Hancock-Allen, Jessica; Cronquist, Alicia B.; Corral, Nereida; Brown, Kerri] Colorado Dept Publ Hlth & Environm, Denver, CO USA. [Peden, JoRene; Adamson, Debra] Weld Cty Dept Publ Hlth & Environm, Greeley, CO USA. RP Hancock-Allen, J (reprint author), CDC, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.; Hancock-Allen, J (reprint author), Colorado Dept Publ Hlth & Environm, Denver, CO USA. EM ydi3@cdc.gov NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD JUN 17 PY 2016 VL 65 IS 23 BP 606 EP 607 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DP2UV UT WOS:000378349700004 PM 27310090 ER PT J AU Jones, JM Hill, C Briggs, G Gray, E Handali, S McAuliffe, I Montgomery, S Komatsu, K Adams, L AF Jones, Jefferson M. Hill, Clancey Briggs, Graham Gray, Elizabeth Handali, Sukwan McAuliffe, Isabel Montgomery, Susan Komatsu, Kenneth Adams, Laura TI Strongyloidiasis at a Long-Term-Care Facility for the Developmentally Disabled - Arizona, 2015 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Article ID INFECTION C1 [Jones, Jefferson M.] Arizona Dept Hlth Serv, Phoenix, AZ 85007 USA. [Jones, Jefferson M.; Komatsu, Kenneth; Adams, Laura] CDC, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Div Sci Educ & Profess Dev, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Hill, Clancey; Briggs, Graham] Pinal Cty Publ Hlth Serv Dist, Florence, AZ USA. [Gray, Elizabeth; Handali, Sukwan; McAuliffe, Isabel; Montgomery, Susan] CDC, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Adams, Laura] CDC, Field Serv Branch, Div State & Local Readiness, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Jones, JM (reprint author), Arizona Dept Hlth Serv, Phoenix, AZ 85007 USA.; Jones, JM (reprint author), CDC, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Div Sci Educ & Profess Dev, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM jjones10@cdc.gov NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD JUN 17 PY 2016 VL 65 IS 23 BP 608 EP 609 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DP2UV UT WOS:000378349700005 PM 27310213 ER PT J AU Music, N Reber, AJ Kim, JH York, IA AF Music, Nedzad Reber, Adrian J. Kim, Jin Hyang York, Ian A. TI Peripheral Leukocyte Migration in Ferrets in Response to Infection with Seasonal Influenza Virus SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID CD8(+) T-CELLS; PANDEMIC INFLUENZA; MOUSE MODEL; INFLAMMATION; PATHOGENESIS; CD4(+); TRANSMISSION; IMMUNITY; RECEPTOR; DEATH AB In order to better understand inflammation associated with influenza virus infection, we measured cell trafficking, via flow cytometry, to various tissues in the ferret model following infection with an A(H3N2) human seasonal influenza virus (A/Perth/16/2009). Changes in immune cells were observed in the blood, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, and spleen, as well as lymph nodes associated with the site of infection or distant from the respiratory system. Nevertheless clinical symptoms were mild, with circulating leukocytes exhibiting rapid, dynamic, and profound changes in response to infection. Each of the biological compartments examined responded differently to influenza infection. Two days after infection, when infected ferrets showed peak fever, a marked, transient lymphopenia and granulocytosis were apparent in all infected animals. Both draining and distal lymph nodes demonstrated significant accumulation of T cells, B cells, and granulocytes at days 2 and 5 post-infection. CD8+ T cells significantly increased in spleen at days 2 and 5 post-infection; CD4+ T cells, B cells and granulocytes significantly increased at day 5. We interpret our findings as showing that lymphocytes exit the peripheral blood and differentially home to lymph nodes and tissues based on cell type and proximity to the site of infection. Monitoring leukocyte homing and trafficking will aid in providing a more detailed view of the inflammatory impact of influenza virus infection. C1 [Music, Nedzad; Reber, Adrian J.; Kim, Jin Hyang; York, Ian A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Atlanta, GA USA. [Music, Nedzad] Battelle Mem Inst, Atlanta, GA USA. RP York, IA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Atlanta, GA USA. EM ite1@cdc.gov OI York, Ian/0000-0002-3478-3344 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX The source of funding for this work was the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The funder had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 57 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JUN 17 PY 2016 VL 11 IS 6 AR e0157903 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0157903 PG 17 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA DO8JQ UT WOS:000378030000065 PM 27315117 ER PT J AU Mazepa, MA Monahan, PE Baker, JR Riske, BK Soucie, JM AF Mazepa, Marshall A. Monahan, Paul E. Baker, Judith R. Riske, Brenda K. Soucie, J. Michael CA US Hemophilia Treatment Ctr Networ TI Men with severe hemophilia in the United States: birth cohort analysis of a large national database SO BLOOD LA English DT Article ID HEPATITIS-C VIRUS; GENETIC-DISORDERS; NATURAL-HISTORY; CARE; INHIBITORS; THERAPY; HEALTH; TRANSFUSION; PROPHYLAXIS; POPULATION AB The availability of longitudinal data collected prospectively from 1998 to 2011 at federally funded US hemophilia treatment centers provided an opportunity to construct a descriptive analysis of how outcomes of men with severe hemophilia have been altered by the incremental advances and setbacks in hemophilia care in the last 50 years in the United States. This surveillance collaboration with the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention assembled the largest uniformly examined population with severe hemophilia (n = 4899 men with severe factor VIII and IX deficiency). To address the heterogeneity of this population, 4 successive birth cohorts, differentially affected by eras of hemophilia care, were examined separately in regard to demographics, complications of hemophilia and its treatment, and mortality. Severely affected men in each birth cohort were compared also with the corresponding mild hemophilia birth cohorts (n = 2587 men total) to control for outcomes that might be attributable to aging and environment independent of severely defective hemostasis. The analysis demonstrates improving access to standard of care therapy, correlating the proportion of men on prophylactic factor replacement and reduced bleeding frequency for the youngest men. Frequent bleeding persisted in one third to one half of men across all ages, however, and the disability gap between severe and mild hemophilia did not narrow. The greatest cause of death was liver failure, but attempted anti-hepatitis C virus therapy and cure were low. The study suggests a continued need for national surveillance to monitor and inform hemophilia interventions and outcomes. C1 [Mazepa, Marshall A.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Monahan, Paul E.] Univ N Carolina, Gene Therapy Ctr, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Baker, Judith R.] Ctr Inherited Blood Disorders, Orange, CA USA. [Baker, Judith R.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Pediat, Div Pediat Hematol Oncol, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. [Riske, Brenda K.] Univ Colorado Denver, Anschutz Med Campus, Aurora, CO USA. [Soucie, J. Michael] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Blood Disorders, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Monahan, PE (reprint author), 141 Graylyn Dr, Chapel Hill, NC 27516 USA. EM pablomonoloco@gmail.com FU US HTCN; CDC FX The UDC Project was funded by a cooperative agreement ("Prevention of Bleeding Disorder Complications through Regional Hemophilia Treatment Centers") between the CDC and the US HTCN, which is comprised of >130 clinical centers located throughout the United States. NR 33 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 3 PU AMER SOC HEMATOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 2021 L ST NW, SUITE 900, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0006-4971 EI 1528-0020 J9 BLOOD JI Blood PD JUN 16 PY 2016 VL 127 IS 24 BP 3073 EP 3081 DI 10.1182/blood-2015-10-675140 PG 9 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA DP2RG UT WOS:000378337100021 PM 26983851 ER PT J AU Switzer, WM Tang, SH Zheng, HQ Shankar, A Sprinkle, PS Sullivan, V Granade, TC Heneine, W AF Switzer, William M. Tang, Shaohua Zheng, HaoQiang Shankar, Anupama Sprinkle, Patrick S. Sullivan, Vickie Granade, Timothy C. Heneine, Walid TI Dual Simian Foamy Virus/Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Infections in Persons from Cote d'Ivoire SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID MYELOPATHY/TROPICAL SPASTIC PARAPARESIS; CROSS-SPECIES TRANSMISSION; TO-CHILD TRANSMISSION; HIGH PROVIRAL LOAD; SUBTYPE-B STRAINS; IVORY-COAST; NONHUMAN-PRIMATES; WEST-AFRICA; GENETIC DIVERSITY; HIV-1 AB Zoonotic transmission of simian retroviruses in West-Central Africa occurring in primate hunters has resulted in pandemic spread of human immunodeficiency viruses (HIVs) and human T-lymphotropic viruses (HTLVs). While simian foamy virus (SFV) and simian T-lymphotropic virus (STLV)-like infection were reported in healthy persons exposed to nonhuman primates (NHPs) in West-Central Africa, less is known about the distribution of these viruses in Western Africa and in hospitalized populations. We serologically screened for SFV and STLV infection using 1,529 specimens collected between 1985 and 1997 from Cote d'Ivoire patients with high HIV prevalence. PCR amplification and analysis of SFV, STLV, and HIV/SIV sequences from PBMCs was used to investigate possible simian origin of infection. We confirmed SFV antibodies in three persons (0.2%), two of whom were HIV1- infected. SFV polymerase (pol) and LTR sequences were detected in PBMC DNA available for one HIV-infected person. Phylogenetic comparisons with new SFV sequences from African guenons showed infection likely originated from a Chlorocebus sabaeus monkey endemic to Cote d'Ivoire. 4.6% of persons were HTLV seropositive and PCR testing of PBMCs from 15 HTLV seroreactive persons identified nine with HTLV-1 and one with HTLV-2 LTR sequences. Phylogenetic analysis showed that two persons had STLV-1-like infections, seven were HTLV-1, and one was an HTLV-2 infection. 310/858 (53%), 8/858 (0.93%), and 18/858 (2.1%) were HIV-1, HIV-2, and HIV-positive but undifferentiated by serology, respectively. No SIV sequences were found in persons with HIV-2 antibodies (n = 1) or with undifferentiated HIV results (n = 7). We document SFV, STLV-1-like, and dual SFV/HIV infection in Cote d'Ivoire expanding the geographic range for zoonotic simian retrovirus transmission to West Africa. These findings highlight the need to define the public health consequences of these infections. Studying dual HIV-1/SFV infections in immunocompromised populations may provide a new opportunity to better understand SFV pathogenicity and transmissibility in humans. C1 [Switzer, William M.; Tang, Shaohua; Zheng, HaoQiang; Shankar, Anupama; Sprinkle, Patrick S.; Sullivan, Vickie; Granade, Timothy C.; Heneine, Walid] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. RP Switzer, WM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM bis3@cdc.gov NR 75 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 5 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JUN 16 PY 2016 VL 11 IS 6 AR e0157709 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0157709 PG 22 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA DO8JO UT WOS:000378029800128 PM 27310836 ER PT J AU Garcia, HH Gonzalez, AE Tsang, VCW O'Neal, SE Llanos-Zavalaga, F Gonzalvez, G Romero, J Rodriguez, S Moyano, LM Ayvar, V Diaz, A Hightower, A Craig, PS Lightowlers, MW Gauci, CG Leontsini, E Gilman, RH AF Garcia, Hector H. Gonzalez, Armando E. Tsang, Victor C. W. O'Neal, Seth E. Llanos-Zavalaga, Fernando Gonzalvez, Guillermo Romero, Jaime Rodriguez, Silvia Moyano, Luz M. Ayvar, Viterbo Diaz, Andre Hightower, Allen Craig, Philip S. Lightowlers, Marshall W. Gauci, Charles G. Leontsini, Elli Gilman, Robert H. CA Cysticercosis Working Grp Peru TI Elimination of Taenia solium Transmission in Northern Peru SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID PORCINE CYSTICERCOSIS; MASS CHEMOTHERAPY; FIELD TRIAL; PIGS; NEUROCYSTICERCOSIS; VACCINATION; INFECTIONS; PRAZIQUANTEL; ANTIBODIES; MEXICO AB BACKGROUND Taeniasis and cysticercosis are major causes of seizures and epilepsy. Infection by the causative parasite Taenia solium requires transmission between humans and pigs. The disease is considered to be eradicable, but data on attempts at regional elimination are lacking. We conducted a three-phase control program in Tumbes, Peru, to determine whether regional elimination would be feasible. METHODS We systematically tested and compared elimination strategies to show the feasibility of interrupting the transmission of T solium infection in a region of highly endemic disease in Peru. In phase 1, we assessed the effectiveness and feasibility of six intervention strategies that involved screening of humans and pigs, antiparasitic treatment, prevention education, and pig replacement in 42 villages. In phase 2, we compared mass treatment with mass screening (each either with or without vaccination of pigs) in 17 villages. In phase 3, we implemented the final strategy of mass treatment of humans along with the mass treatment and vaccination of pigs in the entire rural region of Tumbes (107 villages comprising 81,170 people and 55,638 pigs). The effect of the intervention was measured after phases 2 and 3 with the use of detailed necropsy to detect pigs with live, nondegenerated cysts capable of causing new infection. The necropsy sampling was weighted in that we preferentially included more samples from seropositive pigs than from seronegative pigs. RESULTS Only two of the strategies implemented in phase 1 resulted in limited control over the transmission of T solium infection, which highlighted the need to intensify the subsequent strategies. After the strategies in phase 2 were implemented, no cyst that was capable of further transmission of T. solium infection was found among 658 sampled pigs. One year later, without further intervention, 7 of 310 sampled pigs had live, nondegenerated cysts, but no infected pig was found in 11 of 17 villages, including all the villages in which mass antiparasitic treatment plus vaccination was implemented. After the final strategy was implemented in phase 3, a total of 3 of 342 pigs had live, nondegenerated cysts, but no infected pig was found in 105 of 107 villages. CONCLUSIONS We showed that the transmission of T solium infection was interrupted on a regional scale in a highly endemic region in Peru. C1 [Garcia, Hector H.; O'Neal, Seth E.; Moyano, Luz M.; Ayvar, Viterbo; Diaz, Andre] Univ Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Ctr Global Health Tumbes, Lima, Peru. [Garcia, Hector H.] Univ Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Dept Microbiol, Lima, Peru. [Llanos-Zavalaga, Fernando] Univ Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Sch Publ Hlth, Lima, Peru. [Garcia, Hector H.; Rodriguez, Silvia] Inst Nacl Ciencias Neurol, Cysticercosis Unit, Lima 14, Peru. [Gonzalez, Armando E.] Univ Nacl Mayor San Marcos, Sch Vet Med, Lima 14, Peru. [Romero, Jaime] Interamer Inst Cooperat Agr, Lima, Peru. [Tsang, Victor C. W.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Immunol Branch, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Hightower, Allen] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Data Management Act, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Tsang, Victor C. W.] Georgia State Univ, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA. [O'Neal, Seth E.] Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Portland, OR 97201 USA. [O'Neal, Seth E.] Portland State Univ, Portland, OR 97207 USA. [Gonzalvez, Guillermo] Pan Amer Hlth Org, Managua, Nicaragua. [Craig, Philip S.] Univ Salford, Sch Environm & Life Sci, Manchester, England. [Lightowlers, Marshall W.; Gauci, Charles G.] Univ Melbourne, Fac Vet & Agr Sci, Werribee, Vic, Australia. [Leontsini, Elli; Gilman, Robert H.] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Int Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA. RP Garcia, HH (reprint author), Univ Peruana Cayetano Heredia, SMP, H Delgado 430, Lima 31, Peru. EM hgarcia@jhsph.edu FU Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation FX Funded by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation and others. NR 30 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 12 U2 17 PU MASSACHUSETTS MEDICAL SOC PI WALTHAM PA WALTHAM WOODS CENTER, 860 WINTER ST,, WALTHAM, MA 02451-1413 USA SN 0028-4793 EI 1533-4406 J9 NEW ENGL J MED JI N. Engl. J. Med. PD JUN 16 PY 2016 VL 374 IS 24 BP 2335 EP 2344 DI 10.1056/NEJMoa1515520 PG 10 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA DO5WW UT WOS:000377854600007 PM 27305193 ER PT J AU Rudolph, KE Sanchez, BN Stuart, EA Fujishiro, K Wand, GS Roux, AVD Golden, SH AF Rudolph, Kara E. Sanchez, Brisa N. Stuart, Elizabeth A. Fujishiro, Kaori Wand, Gary S. Roux, Ana V. Diez Golden, Sherita H. TI RE: "JOB STRAIN AND THE CORTISOL DIURNAL CYCLE IN MESA: ACCOUNTING FOR BETWEEN- AND WITHIN-DAY VARIABILITY" Reply SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Letter ID STRESS C1 [Rudolph, Kara E.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Sch Publ Hlth, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Rudolph, Kara E.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Ctr Hlth & Community, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Sanchez, Brisa N.] Univ Michigan, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Biostat, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Stuart, Elizabeth A.] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Mental Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA. [Stuart, Elizabeth A.] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Biostat, Baltimore, MD USA. [Stuart, Elizabeth A.] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Hlth Policy & Management, Baltimore, MD USA. [Fujishiro, Kaori] NIOSH, Div Surveillance Hazard Evaluat & Field Studies, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Wand, Gary S.; Golden, Sherita H.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Baltimore, MD USA. [Roux, Ana V. Diez] Drexel Univ, Dept Epidemiol, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RP Rudolph, KE (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Sch Publ Hlth, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.; Rudolph, KE (reprint author), Univ Calif San Francisco, Ctr Hlth & Community, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. EM kara.rudolph@berkeley.edu NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9262 EI 1476-6256 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD JUN 15 PY 2016 VL 183 IS 12 BP 1172 EP 1173 DI 10.1093/aje/kww050 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DR2IQ UT WOS:000379728600014 PM 27257116 ER PT J AU Havers, F Bramley, AM Finelli, L Reed, C Self, WH Trabue, C Fakhran, S Balk, R Courtney, DM Girard, TD Anderson, EJ Grijalva, CG Edwards, KM Wunderink, RG Jain, S AF Havers, Fiona Bramley, Anna M. Finelli, Lyn Reed, Carrie Self, Wesley H. Trabue, Christopher Fakhran, Sherene Balk, Robert Courtney, D. Mark Girard, Timothy D. Anderson, Evan J. Grijalva, Carlos G. Edwards, Kathryn M. Wunderink, Richard G. Jain, Seema TI Statin Use and Hospital Length of Stay Among Adults Hospitalized With Community-acquired Pneumonia SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article DE statins; hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase inhibitors; pneumonia; hospitalization ID RESPIRATORY-DISTRESS-SYNDROME; CONVERTING ENZYME-INHIBITORS; RANDOMIZED CLINICAL-TRIAL; CYTOKINE PRODUCTION; IMPROVES SURVIVAL; PROPENSITY SCORE; COMPETING RISK; MORTALITY; SEPSIS; THERAPY AB Background. Prior retrospective studies suggest that statins may benefit patients with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) due to antiinflammatory and immunomodulatory effects. However, prospective studies of the impact of statins on CAP outcomes are needed. We determined whether statin use was associated with improved outcomes in adults hospitalized with CAP. Methods. Adults aged >= 18 years hospitalized with CAP were prospectively enrolled at 3 hospitals in Chicago, Illinois, and 2 hospitals in Nashville, Tennessee, from January 2010-June 2012. Adults receiving statins before and throughout hospitalization (statin users) were compared with those who did not receive statins (nonusers). Proportional subdistribution hazards models were used to examine the association between statin use and hospital length of stay (LOS). In-hospital mortality was a secondary outcome. We also compared groups matched on propensity score. Results. Of 2016 adults enrolled, 483 (24%) were statin users; 1533 (76%) were nonusers. Statin users were significantly older, had more comorbidities, had more years of education, and were more likely to have health insurance than nonusers. Multivariable regression demonstrated that statin users and nonusers had similar LOS (adjusted hazard ratio [HR], 0.99; 95% confidence interval [CI], .88-1.12), as did those in the propensity-matched groups (HR, 1.03; 95% CI,.88-1.21). No significant associations were found between statin use and LOS or in-hospital mortality, even when stratified by pneumonia severity. Conclusions. In a large prospective study of adults hospitalized with CAP, we found no evidence to suggest that statin use before and during hospitalization improved LOS or in-hospital mortality. C1 [Havers, Fiona; Bramley, Anna M.; Finelli, Lyn; Reed, Carrie; Jain, Seema] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop A-32, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Self, Wesley H.; Girard, Timothy D.; Grijalva, Carlos G.; Edwards, Kathryn M.] Vanderbilt Univ, Sch Med, Nashville, TN 37212 USA. [Trabue, Christopher] Univ Tennessee, Hlth Sci Ctr, St Thomas Hlth, Nashville, TN USA. [Fakhran, Sherene] John H Stroger Jr Hosp Cook Cty, Chicago, IL USA. [Balk, Robert] Rush Univ, Med Ctr, Chicago, IL 60612 USA. [Courtney, D. Mark; Wunderink, Richard G.] Northwestern Univ, Feinberg Sch Med, Chicago, IL 60611 USA. [Girard, Timothy D.] Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Nashville, TN 37212 USA. [Anderson, Evan J.] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Havers, F (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop A-32, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM fhavers@cdc.gov OI Girard, Timothy/0000-0002-9833-4871; Wunderink, Richard/0000-0002-8527-4195 FU Influenza Division in the National Center for Immunizations and Respiratory Diseases at the CDC FX This work was supported by the Influenza Division in the National Center for Immunizations and Respiratory Diseases at the CDC through cooperative agreements with each study site. NR 50 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 3 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 EI 1537-6591 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD JUN 15 PY 2016 VL 62 IS 12 BP 1471 EP 1478 DI 10.1093/cid/ciw174 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA DP3ZL UT WOS:000378434900001 PM 27169476 ER PT J AU Halpin, AL McDonald, LC AF Halpin, Alison Laufer McDonald, L. Clifford TI The Dawning of Microbiome Remediation for Addressing Antibiotic Resistance SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Editorial Material DE microbiome; resistome; fecal microbiota transplantation ID CLOSTRIDIUM-DIFFICILE; DONOR FECES; TRANSPLANTATION; INFECTION; INFUSION; DISEASE C1 [Halpin, Alison Laufer; McDonald, L. Clifford] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. RP McDonald, LC (reprint author), 1600 Clifton Rd,MS A31, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM ljm3@cdc.gov NR 15 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 5 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 EI 1537-6591 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD JUN 15 PY 2016 VL 62 IS 12 BP 1487 EP 1488 DI 10.1093/cid/ciw187 PG 2 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA DP3ZL UT WOS:000378434900003 PM 27025827 ER PT J AU Katharios-Lanwermeyer, S Holty, JE Person, M Sejvar, J Haberling, D Tubbs, H Meaney-Delman, D Pillai, SK Hupert, N Bower, WA Hendricks, K AF Katharios-Lanwermeyer, Stefan Holty, Jon-Erik Person, Marissa Sejvar, James Haberling, Dana Tubbs, Heather Meaney-Delman, Dana Pillai, Satish K. Hupert, Nathaniel Bower, William A. Hendricks, Katherine TI Identifying Meningitis During an Anthrax Mass Casualty Incident: Systematic Review of Systemic Anthrax Since 1880 SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Review DE anthrax; Bacillus anthracis; mass casualty incident; meningitis; resource allocation ID INHALATIONAL ANTHRAX; SUBARACHNOID HEMORRHAGE; BINOMIAL PROPORTIONS; BACTERIAL-MENINGITIS; BIOTERRORISM; PREDICTORS; STRATEGIES; GUIDELINES; MANAGEMENT; IMPACT AB Background. Bacillus anthracis, the causative agent of anthrax, is a potential bioterrorism agent. Anthrax meningitis is a common manifestation of B. anthracis infection, has high mortality, and requires more aggressive treatment than anthrax without meningitis. Its rapid identification and treatment are essential for successful management of an anthrax mass casualty incident. Methods. Three hundred six published reports from 1880 through 2013 met predefined inclusion criteria. We calculated descriptive statistics for abstracted cases and conducted multivariable regression on separate derivation and validation cohorts to identify clinical diagnostic and prognostic factors for anthrax meningitis. Results. One hundred thirty-two of 363 (36%) cases with systemic anthrax met anthrax meningitis criteria. Severe headache, altered mental status, meningeal signs, and other neurological signs at presentation independently predicted meningitis in the derivation cohort and were tested as a 4-item assessment tool for use during anthrax mass casualty incidents. Presence of any 1 factor on admission had a sensitivity for finding anthrax meningitis of 89% (83%) in the adult (pediatric) validation cohorts. Anthrax meningitis was unlikely in the absence of any of these signs or symptoms (likelihood ratio [LR]- =0.12 [0.19] for adult [pediatric] cohorts), while presence of 2 or more made meningitis very likely (LR+ = 26.5 [30.0]). Survival of anthrax meningitis was predicted by treatment with a bactericidal agent (P = .005) and use of multiple antimicrobials (P = .01). Conclusions. We developed an evidence-based assessment tool for screening patients for meningitis during an anthrax mass casualty incident. Its use could improve both patient outcomes and resource allocation in such an event. C1 [Katharios-Lanwermeyer, Stefan; Person, Marissa; Sejvar, James; Haberling, Dana; Bower, William A.; Hendricks, Katherine] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div High Consequence Pathogens & Pathol, Atlanta, GA USA. [Holty, Jon-Erik] Stanford Univ, VA Palo Alto Healthcare Syst, Dept Med, Pulm Crit Care & Sleep Med Sect, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Tubbs, Heather; Pillai, Satish K.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Preparedness & Emerging Infect, Atlanta, GA USA. [Meaney-Delman, Dana] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Hupert, Nathaniel] Cornell Univ, New York Presbyterian Hosp, Weill Med Coll, Dept Healthcare Policy & Res, New York, NY 10021 USA. [Hupert, Nathaniel] Cornell Univ, New York Presbyterian Hosp, Weill Med Coll, Dept Med, New York, NY 10021 USA. RP Hendricks, K (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div High Consequence Pathogens & Pathol, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS A-30, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM kah1@cdc.gov FU Office of Public Health Preparedness and Response, CDC, Atlanta, Georgia FX Funding for this project was provided by the Office of Public Health Preparedness and Response, CDC, Atlanta, Georgia. NR 40 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 7 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 EI 1537-6591 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD JUN 15 PY 2016 VL 62 IS 12 BP 1537 EP 1545 DI 10.1093/cid/ciw184 PG 9 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA DP3ZL UT WOS:000378434900011 PM 27025833 ER PT J AU Uyeki, TM Erickson, BR Brown, S McElroy, AK Cannon, D Gibbons, A Sealy, T Kainulainen, MH Schuh, AJ Kraft, CS Mehta, AK Lyon, GM Varkey, JB Ribner, BS Ellison, RT Carmody, E Nau, GJ Spiropoulou, C Nichol, ST Stroher, U AF Uyeki, Timothy M. Erickson, Bobbie Rae Brown, Shelley McElroy, Anita K. Cannon, Deborah Gibbons, Aridth Sealy, Tara Kainulainen, Markus H. Schuh, Amy J. Kraft, Colleen S. Mehta, Aneesh K. Lyon, G. Marshall Varkey, Jay B. Ribner, Bruce S. Ellison, Richard T. Carmody, Ellie Nau, Gerard J. Spiropoulou, Christina Nichol, Stuart T. Stroher, Ute TI Ebola Virus Persistence in Semen of Male Survivors SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Ebola virus; semen; sexual transmission ID INFECTION; PATHOLOGY; KIKWIT; CONGO AB We investigated the duration of Ebola virus (EBOV) RNA and infectious EBOV in semen specimens of 5 Ebola virus disease (EVD) survivors. EBOV RNA and infectious EBOV was detected by real-time RT-PCR and virus culture out to 290 days and 70 days, respectively, after EVD onset. C1 [Uyeki, Timothy M.; Erickson, Bobbie Rae; Brown, Shelley; McElroy, Anita K.; Cannon, Deborah; Gibbons, Aridth; Sealy, Tara; Kainulainen, Markus H.; Schuh, Amy J.; Spiropoulou, Christina; Nichol, Stuart T.; Stroher, Ute] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Mailstop A-20,1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [McElroy, Anita K.; Kraft, Colleen S.; Mehta, Aneesh K.; Lyon, G. Marshall; Varkey, Jay B.; Ribner, Bruce S.] Emory Univ Hosp, 1364 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Ellison, Richard T.] Univ Massachusetts, Sch Med, Div Infect Dis, Worcester, MA USA. [Carmody, Ellie] NYU Sch Med, Bellevue Hosp Ctr, Div Infect Dis, New York, NY USA. [Nau, Gerard J.] Brown Univ, Rhode Isl Hosp, Div Infect Dis, Miriam Hosp, Providence, RI 02903 USA. [Nau, Gerard J.] Brown Univ, Warren Alpert Med Sch, Providence, RI 02912 USA. RP Uyeki, TM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Mailstop A-20,1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM tuyeki@cdc.gov OI Nau, Gerard/0000-0001-7921-8317; Carmody, Ellie/0000-0001-5297-4948 NR 11 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 9 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 EI 1537-6591 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD JUN 15 PY 2016 VL 62 IS 12 BP 1552 EP 1555 DI 10.1093/cid/ciw202 PG 4 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA DP3ZL UT WOS:000378434900013 PM 27045122 ER PT J AU Dowell, D Haegerich, TM AF Dowell, Deborah Haegerich, Tamara M. TI Using the CDC Guideline and Tools for Opioid Prescribing in Patients with Chronic Pain SO AMERICAN FAMILY PHYSICIAN LA English DT Editorial Material ID UNITED-STATES C1 [Dowell, Deborah; Haegerich, Tamara M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. RP Dowell, D (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM gdo7@cdc.gov NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ACAD FAMILY PHYSICIANS PI KANSAS CITY PA 8880 WARD PARKWAY, KANSAS CITY, MO 64114-2797 USA SN 0002-838X EI 1532-0650 J9 AM FAM PHYSICIAN JI Am. Fam. Physician PD JUN 15 PY 2016 VL 93 IS 12 BP 970 EP + PG 2 WC Primary Health Care; Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA DO2TU UT WOS:000377633800001 PM 27304765 ER PT J AU Tseng, HF Harpaz, R Luo, Y Hales, CM Sy, LS Tartof, SY Bialek, S Hechter, RC Jacobsen, SJ AF Tseng, Hung Fu Harpaz, Rafael Luo, Yi Hales, Craig M. Sy, Lina S. Tartof, Sara Y. Bialek, Stephanie Hechter, Rulin C. Jacobsen, Steven J. TI Declining Effectiveness of Herpes Zoster Vaccine in Adults Aged >= 60 Years SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article DE herpes zoster; adult vaccination; shingles; varicella zoster virus ID OLDER-ADULTS; POSTHERPETIC NEURALGIA; TERM PERSISTENCE; EFFICACY; RISK AB Understanding long-term effectiveness of herpes zoster (HZ) vaccine is critical for determining vaccine policy. 176 078 members of Kaiser Permanente >= 60 years vaccinated with HZ vaccine and three matched unvaccinated members were included. Hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) associated with vaccination at each year following vaccination were estimated by Cox regression model. The effectiveness of HZ vaccine decreased from 68.7% (95% CI, 66.3%-70.9%) in the first year to 4.2% (95% CI, -24.0% to 25.9%) in the eighth year. This rapid decline in effectiveness of HZ vaccine suggests that a revaccination strategy may be needed, if feasible. C1 [Tseng, Hung Fu; Luo, Yi; Sy, Lina S.; Tartof, Sara Y.; Hechter, Rulin C.; Jacobsen, Steven J.] Kaiser Permanente So Calif, Dept Res & Evaluat, Pasadena, CA 91101 USA. [Harpaz, Rafael; Hales, Craig M.; Bialek, Stephanie] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Tseng, HF (reprint author), Kaiser Permanente, So Calif Permanente Med Grp, Dept Res & Evaluat, 100 S Robles Ave,2nd Fl, Pasadena, CA 91101 USA. EM hung-fu.x.tseng@kp.org FU CDC Prevention and Public Health Fund [200-2012-M-52840] FX This work was supported by the CDC 2012 Prevention and Public Health Fund (contract 200-2012-M-52840). NR 15 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 3 U2 7 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0022-1899 EI 1537-6613 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD JUN 15 PY 2016 VL 213 IS 12 BP 1872 EP 1875 DI 10.1093/infdis/jiw047 PG 4 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA DO0BL UT WOS:000377444300004 PM 26908728 ER PT J AU Schulte, PA Roth, G Hodson, LL Murashov, V Hoover, MD Zumwalde, R Kuempel, ED Geraci, CL Stefaniak, AB Castranova, V Howard, J AF Schulte, P. A. Roth, G. Hodson, L. L. Murashov, V. Hoover, M. D. Zumwalde, R. Kuempel, E. D. Geraci, C. L. Stefaniak, A. B. Castranova, V. Howard, J. TI Taking stock of the occupational safety and health challenges of nanotechnology: 2000-2015 SO JOURNAL OF NANOPARTICLE RESEARCH LA English DT Review DE Engineered nanomaterials; History; Toxicology; Epidemiology; Societal implications of nanotechnology ID WALLED-CARBON-NANOTUBES; HANDLING ENGINEERED NANOMATERIALS; POTENTIAL INHALATION EXPOSURE; ASSESSMENT TECHNIQUE NEAT; RISK-ASSESSMENT; MEDICAL SURVEILLANCE; ULTRAFINE PARTICLES; SEMICONDUCTOR FABRICATION; AIRBORNE NANOMATERIALS; NANOSAFETY RESEARCH AB Engineered nanomaterials significantly entered commerce at the beginning of the 21st century. Concerns about serious potential health effects of nanomaterials were widespread. Now, approximately 15 years later, it is worthwhile to take stock of research and efforts to protect nanomaterial workers from potential risks of adverse health effects. This article provides and examines timelines for major functional areas (toxicology, metrology, exposure assessment, engineering controls and personal protective equipment, risk assessment, risk management, medical surveillance, and epidemiology) to identify significant contributions to worker safety and health. The occupational safety and health field has responded effectively to identify gaps in knowledge and practice, but further research is warranted and is described. There is now a greater, if imperfect, understanding of the mechanisms underlying nanoparticle toxicology, hazards to workers, and appropriate controls for nanomaterials, but unified analytical standards and exposure characterization methods are still lacking. The development of control-banding and similar strategies has compensated for incomplete data on exposure and risk, but it is unknown how widely such approaches are being adopted. Although the importance of epidemiologic studies and medical surveillance is recognized, implementation has been slowed by logistical issues. Responsible development of nanotechnology requires protection of workers at all stages of the technological life cycle. In each of the functional areas assessed, progress has been made, but more is required. C1 [Schulte, P. A.; Roth, G.; Hodson, L. L.; Murashov, V.; Hoover, M. D.; Zumwalde, R.; Kuempel, E. D.; Geraci, C. L.; Stefaniak, A. B.; Howard, J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Inst Occupat Safety & Hlth, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. [Castranova, V.] West Virginia Univ, Sch Pharm, Morgantown, WV USA. RP Schulte, PA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Inst Occupat Safety & Hlth, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. EM pas4@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 154 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 13 U2 13 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1388-0764 EI 1572-896X J9 J NANOPART RES JI J. Nanopart. Res. PD JUN 14 PY 2016 VL 18 IS 6 AR 159 DI 10.1007/s11051-016-3459-1 PG 21 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA EB0QG UT WOS:000387048800002 PM 27594804 ER PT J AU Zhao, WJ Zhu, TT Cheng, R Liu, YF He, J Qiu, H Wang, LC Nagy, T Querec, TD Unger, ER Mao, LD AF Zhao, Wujun Zhu, Taotao Cheng, Rui Liu, Yufei He, Jian Qiu, Hong Wang, Lianchun Nagy, Tamas Querec, Troy D. Unger, Elizabeth R. Mao, Leidong TI Label-Free and Continuous-Flow Ferrohydrodynamic Separation of HeLa Cells and Blood Cells in Biocompatible Ferrofluids SO ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID INTERLABORATORY COMPARISON PROGRAM; MAGNETIC PARTICLES; MICROFLUIDIC APPLICATIONS; CERVICOVAGINAL CYTOLOGY; CONVENTIONAL SMEARS; PERFORMED WELL; MAGNETOPHORESIS; CHIP; SYSTEMS; MICROPARTICLES AB In this study, a label-free, low-cost, and fast ferrohydrodynamic cell separation scheme is demonstrated using HeLa cells (an epithelial cell line) and red blood cells. The separation is based on cell size difference, and conducted in a custom-made biocompatible ferrofluid that retains the viability of cells during and after the assay for downstream analysis. The scheme offers moderate-throughput (approximate to 10(6) cells h(-1) for a single channel device) and extremely high recovery rate (>99%) without the use of any label. It is envisioned that this separation scheme will have clinical applications in settings where rapid cell enrichment and removal of contaminating blood will improve efficiency of screening and diagnosis such as cervical cancer screening based on mixed populations in exfoliated samples. C1 [Zhao, Wujun; Zhu, Taotao] Univ Georgia, Dept Chem, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Cheng, Rui; Mao, Leidong] Univ Georgia, Coll Engn, 220 Riverbend Rd,Room 166, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Liu, Yufei; He, Jian] Clemson Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. [Qiu, Hong; Wang, Lianchun] Univ Georgia, Complex Carbohydrate Res Ctr, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Nagy, Tamas] Univ Georgia, Dept Pathol, Coll Vet Med, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Querec, Troy D.; Unger, Elizabeth R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Chron Viral Dis Branch, Div High Consequence Pathogens & Pathol, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis Pathol, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. RP Mao, LD (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Coll Engn, 220 Riverbend Rd,Room 166, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM mao@uga.edu RI Cheng, Rui/M-2238-2016; Liu, Yufei/B-3343-2016; Zhao, Wujun/D-7532-2017 OI Cheng, Rui/0000-0001-7784-1658; Liu, Yufei/0000-0003-0861-7155; FU National Institute of General Medical Sciences; National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute of the National Institutes of Health [R21GM104528, R01HL093339, GM103390] FX W.Z. and T.Z. contributed equally to this work. Research reported in this publication was supported by the National Institute of General Medical Sciences, and National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute of the National Institutes of Health under Award Nos. R21GM104528 (L.M.), R01HL093339 (L.W.),and GM103390 (L.W). The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health or the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 57 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 15 U2 25 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA POSTFACH 101161, 69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 1616-301X EI 1616-3028 J9 ADV FUNCT MATER JI Adv. Funct. Mater. PD JUN 14 PY 2016 VL 26 IS 22 SI SI BP 3990 EP 3998 DI 10.1002/adfm.201503838 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA DQ3UJ UT WOS:000379128700017 PM 27478429 ER PT J AU Kolwaite, AR Xeuatvongsa, A Ramirez-Gonzalez, A Wannemuehler, K Vongxay, V Vilayvone, V Hennessey, K Patel, MK AF Kolwaite, Amy R. Xeuatvongsa, Anonh Ramirez-Gonzalez, Alejandro Wannemuehler, Kathleen Vongxay, Viengnakhone Vilayvone, Vansy Hennessey, Karen Patel, Minal K. TI Hepatitis B vaccine stored outside the cold chain setting: a pilot study in rural Lao PDR SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Hepatitis B virus; Lao People's Democratic Republic; Hepatitis B vaccine; Hepatitis B vaccine birth dose; Outside the cold chain ID IMMUNIZATION; DELIVERY; DEVICE AB Background: Hepatitis B vaccine birth dose (HepB-BD) was introduced in Lao People's Democratic Republic (Lao-PDR) to prevent perinatal hepatitis B virus transmission. HepB-BD, which is labeled for storage between 2 and 8 degrees C, is not available at all health facilities, because of some lack of functional cold chain; however, previous studies show that HepB-BD is stable if stored outside the cold chain (OCC). A pilot study was conducted in Lao-PDR to evaluate impact of OCC policy on HepB-BD coverage. Methods: During the six month pilot, HepB-BD was stored OCC for up to 28 days in two intervention districts and stored in cold chain in two comparison districts. In the intervention districts, healthcare workers were educated about HepB-BD and OCC storage. A post-pilot survey compared HepB-BD coverage among children born during the pilot (aged 2-8 months) and children born 1 year before (aged 14-20 months). Findings: In the intervention districts,388 children aged 2-8 months and 371 children aged 14-20 months were enrolled in the survey; in the comparison districts, 190 children aged 2-8 months and 184 children aged 14-20 months were enrolled. Compared with the pre-pilot cohort, a 27% median increase in HepB-BD (interquartile range [IQR] 58%, p < 0.0001) occurred in the pilot cohort in the intervention districts, compared with a 0% median change (IQR 25%, p = 0.03) in comparison districts. No adverse reactions were reported. Interpretation: OCC storage improved HepB-BD coverage with no increase in adverse reactions. Findings can guide Lao-PDR on implementation and scale-up options of OCC policy. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Kolwaite, Amy R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Hepatitis, 1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Xeuatvongsa, Anonh] Minist Hlth, Mother & Child Hlth Ctr, Natl Immunizat Program, Simuang Rd, Viangchan, Laos. [Ramirez-Gonzalez, Alejandro] WHO, Representat Off Lao Peoples Democrat Republ, That Luang Rd, Viangchan, Laos. [Wannemuehler, Kathleen; Patel, Minal K.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Global Immunizat Div, 1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Vongxay, Viengnakhone; Vilayvone, Vansy] Univ Hlth Sci, Minist Hlth, Fac Postgrad Studies, Samsenthai Rd, Viangchan, Laos. [Hennessey, Karen] WHO, Reg Off Western Pacific, Corner United Nations Ave & Taft Ave, Manila 1000, Philippines. [Hennessey, Karen] WHO, Dept Immunizat Vaccines & Biol, Ave Appia 20, CH-1211 Geneva 27, Switzerland. RP Kolwaite, AR (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Hepatitis, 1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM akolwaite@cdc.gov FU World Health Organization FX Funding for this study was provided by the World Health Organization. NR 15 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X EI 1873-2518 J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD JUN 14 PY 2016 VL 34 IS 28 BP 3324 EP 3330 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2016.03.080 PG 7 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA DP7EX UT WOS:000378663100018 PM 27040399 ER PT J AU Coleman, LA Mishina, M Thompson, M Spencer, SM Reber, AJ Davis, WG Cheng, PY Belongia, EA Talbot, HK Sundaram, ME Griffin, MR Shay, DK Sambhara, S AF Coleman, Laura A. Mishina, Margarita Thompson, Mark Spencer, Sarah M. Reber, Adrian J. Davis, William G. Cheng, Po-Yung Belongia, Edward A. Talbot, H. Keipp Sundaram, Maria E. Griffin, Marie R. Shay, David K. Sambhara, Suryaprakash TI Age, serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D and vitamin D receptor (VDR) expression and function in peripheral blood mononuclear cells SO ONCOTARGET LA English DT Article DE vitamin D; vitamin D Receptor; 1 alpha-hydroxylase; mRNA expression; PBMC; Gerotarget ID INFLUENZA VACCINE; OLDER-ADULTS; 1,25-DIHYDROXYVITAMIN D-3; SEROLOGIC RESPONSE; GENE-EXPRESSION; IMMUNE FUNCTION; IN-VITRO; T-CELLS; IMMUNOSENESCENCE; MICE AB The relationship between age, vitamin D status, expression and functionality of the vitamin D receptor (VDR), and key genes in the vitamin D pathway in immune cells is unclear. We enrolled adults 50 to 69 years old (20 subjects) and 70+ (20 subjects) and measured: 1) 25(OH)D levels by liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry; and 2) mRNA expression of VDR, 1 alpha-OHase, 1,25D(3)-MARRS, TREM-1, cathelicidin, RIG-I, and interferon-beta by qRT-PCR. Mean serum 25(OH)D was 30 +/- 4 ng/mL and was not associated with age. Baseline expression of VDR, 1 alpha-OHase, 1,25D(3)-MARRS, TREM-1, and RIG-I also did not differ by age; IFN-beta expression, however, was higher in the 70(+) year old group. 25(OH)D-3- and 1,25(OH)(2)D-3-induced VDR, TREM-1 and cathelicidin expression were similar between age groups, as was LPS-induced expression of VDR and of 1 alpha-OHase. Ligand-induced 1,25D(3)-MARRS expression was higher in subjects > 70 years. Serum 25(OH)D was inversely associated with LPS-stimulated VDR expression and with baseline or vitamin D-induced TREM-1 expression, adjusting for age, self-rated health, and functional status. In healthy adults >= 50 years, the expression and functionality of the VDR, 1 alpha-OHase and key vitamin D pathway genes were not consistently associated with age. C1 [Coleman, Laura A.] Abbott Nutr, Columbus, OH USA. [Mishina, Margarita; Spencer, Sarah M.] Battelle Mem Inst, Columbus, OH USA. [Thompson, Mark; Reber, Adrian J.; Davis, William G.; Cheng, Po-Yung; Shay, David K.; Sambhara, Suryaprakash] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Coleman, Laura A.; Belongia, Edward A.; Sundaram, Maria E.] Marshfield Clin Fdn Med Res & Educ, Marshfield, WI USA. [Talbot, H. Keipp; Griffin, Marie R.] Vanderbilt Univ, 221 Kirkland Hall, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. [Sundaram, Maria E.] Univ Minnesota, Sch Publ Hlth, Minneapolis, MN USA. RP Coleman, LA (reprint author), Abbott Nutr, Columbus, OH USA.; Coleman, LA (reprint author), Marshfield Clin Fdn Med Res & Educ, Marshfield, WI USA. EM laura.coleman@abbott.com FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX This study was funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 49 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 4 PU IMPACT JOURNALS LLC PI ALBANY PA 6211 TIPTON HOUSE, STE 6, ALBANY, NY 12203 USA SN 1949-2553 J9 ONCOTARGET JI Oncotarget PD JUN 14 PY 2016 VL 7 IS 24 BP 35512 EP 35521 DI 10.18632/oncotarget.9398 PG 10 WC Oncology; Cell Biology SC Oncology; Cell Biology GA DO4MJ UT WOS:000377756800003 PM 27203211 ER PT J AU Machiela, MJ Zhou, WY Karlins, E Sampson, JN Freedman, ND Yang, Q Hicks, B Dagnall, C Hautman, C Jacobs, KB Abnet, CC Aldrich, MC Amos, C Amundadottir, LT Arslan, AA Beane-Freeman, LE Berndt, SI Black, A Blot, WJ Bock, CH Bracci, PM Brinton, LA Bueno-De-Mesquita, HB Burdett, L Buring, JE Butler, MA Canzian, F Carreon, T Chaffee, KG Chang, IS Chatterjee, N Chen, C Chen, C Chen, KX Chung, CC Cook, LS Bou, MC Cullen, M Davis, FG De Vivo, I Ding, T Doherty, J Duell, EJ Epstein, CG Fan, JH Figueroa, JD Fraumeni, JF Friedenreich, CM Fuchs, CS Gallinger, S Gao, YT Gapstur, SM Garcia-Closas, M Gaudet, MM Gaziano, JM Giles, GG Gillanders, EM Giovannucci, EL Goldin, L Goldstein, AM Haiman, CA Hallmans, G Hankinson, SE Harris, CC Henriksson, R Holly, EA Hong, YC Hoover, RN Hsiung, CA Hu, N Hu, W Hunter, DJ Hutchinson, A Jenab, M Johansen, C Khaw, KT Kim, HN Kim, YH Kim, YT Klein, AP Klein, R Koh, WP Kolonel, LN Kooperberg, C Kraft, P Krogh, V Kurtz, RC LaCroix, A Lan, Q Landi, MT Le Marchand, L Li, DH Liang, XL Liao, LM Lin, DX Liu, JJ Lissowska, J Lu, LG Magliocco, AM Malats, N Matsuo, K McNeill, LH McWilliams, RR Melin, BS Mirabello, L Moore, L Olson, SH Orlow, I Park, JY Patino-Garcia, A Peplonska, B Peters, U Petersen, GM Pooler, L Prescott, J Prokunina-Olsson, L Purdue, MP Qiao, YL Rajaraman, P Real, FX Riboli, E Risch, HA Rodriguez-Santiago, B Ruder, AM Savage, SA Schumacher, F Schwartz, AG Schwartz, KL Seow, A Setiawan, VW Severi, G Shen, H Sheng, X Shin, MH Shu, XO Silverman, DT Spitz, MR Stevens, VL Stolzenberg-Solomon, R Stram, D Tang, ZZ Taylor, PR Teras, LR Tobias, GS Van den Berg, D Visvanathan, K Wacholder, S Wang, JC Wang, ZM Wentzensen, N Wheeler, W White, E Wiencke, JK Wolpin, BM Wong, MP Wu, C Wu, TC Wu, XF Wu, YL Wunder, JS Xia, L Yang, HP Yang, PC Yu, K Zanetti, KA Zeleniuch-Jacquotte, A Zheng, W Zhou, B Ziegler, RG Perez-Jurado, LA Caporaso, NE Rothman, N Tucker, M Dean, MC Yeager, M Chanock, SJ AF Machiela, Mitchell J. Zhou, Weiyin Karlins, Eric Sampson, Joshua N. Freedman, Neal D. Yang, Qi Hicks, Belynda Dagnall, Casey Hautman, Christopher Jacobs, Kevin B. Abnet, Christian C. Aldrich, Melinda C. Amos, Christopher Amundadottir, Laufey T. Arslan, Alan A. Beane-Freeman, Laura E. Berndt, Sonja I. Black, Amanda Blot, William J. Bock, Cathryn H. Bracci, Paige M. Brinton, Louise A. Bueno-de-Mesquita, H. Bas Burdett, Laurie Buring, Julie E. Butler, Mary A. Canzian, Federico Carreon, Tania Chaffee, Kari G. Chang, I-Shou Chatterjee, Nilanjan Chen, Chu Chen, Constance Chen, Kexin Chung, Charles C. Cook, Linda S. Bou, Marta Crous Cullen, Michael Davis, Faith G. De Vivo, Immaculata Ding, Ti Doherty, Jennifer Duell, Eric J. Epstein, Caroline G. Fan, Jin-Hu Figueroa, Jonine D. Fraumeni, Joseph F. Friedenreich, Christine M. Fuchs, Charles S. Gallinger, Steven Gao, Yu-Tang Gapstur, Susan M. Garcia-Closas, Montserrat Gaudet, Mia M. Gaziano, J. Michael Giles, Graham G. Gillanders, Elizabeth M. Giovannucci, Edward L. Goldin, Lynn Goldstein, Alisa M. Haiman, Christopher A. Hallmans, Goran Hankinson, Susan E. Harris, Curtis C. Henriksson, Roger Holly, Elizabeth A. Hong, Yun-Chul Hoover, Robert N. Hsiung, Chao A. Hu, Nan Hu, Wei Hunter, David J. Hutchinson, Amy Jenab, Mazda Johansen, Christoffer Khaw, Kay-Tee Kim, Hee Nam Kim, Yeul Hong Kim, Young Tae Klein, Alison P. Klein, Robert Koh, Woon-Puay Kolonel, Laurence N. Kooperberg, Charles Kraft, Peter Krogh, Vittorio Kurtz, Robert C. LaCroix, Andrea Lan, Qing Landi, Maria Teresa Le Marchand, Loic Li, Donghui Liang, Xiaolin Liao, Linda M. Lin, Dongxin Liu, Jianjun Lissowska, Jolanta Lu, Lingeng Magliocco, Anthony M. Malats, Nuria Matsuo, Keitaro McNeill, Lorna H. McWilliams, Robert R. Melin, Beatrice S. Mirabello, Lisa Moore, Lee Olson, Sara H. Orlow, Irene Park, Jae Yong Patino-Garcia, Ana Peplonska, Beata Peters, Ulrike Petersen, Gloria M. Pooler, Loreall Prescott, Jennifer Prokunina-Olsson, Ludmila Purdue, Mark P. Qiao, You-Lin Rajaraman, Preetha Real, Francisco X. Riboli, Elio Risch, Harvey A. Rodriguez-Santiago, Benjamin Ruder, Avima M. Savage, Sharon A. Schumacher, Fredrick Schwartz, Ann G. Schwartz, Kendra L. Seow, Adeline Setiawan, Veronica Wendy Severi, Gianluca Shen, Hongbing Sheng, Xin Shin, Min-Ho Shu, Xiao-Ou Silverman, Debra T. Spitz, Margaret R. Stevens, Victoria L. Stolzenberg-Solomon, Rachael Stram, Daniel Tang, Ze-Zhong Taylor, Philip R. Teras, Lauren R. Tobias, Geoffrey S. Van den Berg, David Visvanathan, Kala Wacholder, Sholom Wang, Jiu-Cun Wang, Zhaoming Wentzensen, Nicolas Wheeler, William White, Emily Wiencke, John K. Wolpin, Brian M. Wong, Maria Pik Wu, Chen Wu, Tangchun Wu, Xifeng Wu, Yi-Long Wunder, Jay S. Xia, Lucy Yang, Hannah P. Yang, Pan-Chyr Yu, Kai Zanetti, Krista A. Zeleniuch-Jacquotte, Anne Zheng, Wei Zhou, Baosen Ziegler, Regina G. Perez-Jurado, Luis A. Caporaso, Neil E. Rothman, Nathaniel Tucker, Margaret Dean, Michael C. Yeager, Meredith Chanock, Stephen J. TI Female chromosome X mosaicism is age-related and preferentially affects the inactivated X chromosome SO NATURE COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article ID DETECTABLE CLONAL MOSAICISM; SOMATIC MOSAICISM; HUMAN GENOME; CANCER; BLOOD; METHYLATION; CELLS; HEMATOPOIESIS; ANEUPLOIDIES; MUTATION AB To investigate large structural clonal mosaicism of chromosome X, we analysed the SNP microarray intensity data of 38,303 women from cancer genome-wide association studies (20,878 cases and 17,425 controls) and detected 124 mosaic X events >2 Mb in 97 (0.25%) women. Here we show rates for X-chromosome mosaicism are four times higher than mean autosomal rates; X mosaic events more often include the entire chromosome and participants with X events more likely harbour autosomal mosaic events. X mosaicism frequency increases with age (0.11% in 50-year olds; 0.45% in 75-year olds), as reported for Y and autosomes. Methylation array analyses of 33 women with X mosaicism indicate events preferentially involve the inactive X chromosome. Our results provide further evidence that the sex chromosomes undergo mosaic events more frequently than autosomes, which could have implications for understanding the underlying mechanisms of mosaic events and their possible contribution to risk for chronic diseases. C1 [Machiela, Mitchell J.; Zhou, Weiyin; Karlins, Eric; Sampson, Joshua N.; Freedman, Neal D.; Yang, Qi; Hicks, Belynda; Dagnall, Casey; Hautman, Christopher; Abnet, Christian C.; Amundadottir, Laufey T.; Beane-Freeman, Laura E.; Berndt, Sonja I.; Black, Amanda; Brinton, Louise A.; Burdett, Laurie; Chatterjee, Nilanjan; Chung, Charles C.; Cullen, Michael; Epstein, Caroline G.; Figueroa, Jonine D.; Fraumeni, Joseph F.; Goldin, Lynn; Goldstein, Alisa M.; Hoover, Robert N.; Hu, Nan; Hu, Wei; Hutchinson, Amy; Lan, Qing; Landi, Maria Teresa; Liao, Linda M.; Mirabello, Lisa; Moore, Lee; Prokunina-Olsson, Ludmila; Purdue, Mark P.; Rajaraman, Preetha; Savage, Sharon A.; Seow, Adeline; Silverman, Debra T.; Stolzenberg-Solomon, Rachael; Taylor, Philip R.; Tobias, Geoffrey S.; Wacholder, Sholom; Wang, Zhaoming; Wentzensen, Nicolas; Yang, Hannah P.; Yu, Kai; Ziegler, Regina G.; Caporaso, Neil E.; Rothman, Nathaniel; Tucker, Margaret; Dean, Michael C.; Yeager, Meredith; Chanock, Stephen J.] NCI, Div Canc Epidemiol & Genet, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Zhou, Weiyin; Karlins, Eric; Yang, Qi; Hicks, Belynda; Dagnall, Casey; Hautman, Christopher; Jacobs, Kevin B.; Burdett, Laurie; Chung, Charles C.; Cullen, Michael; Hutchinson, Amy; Wang, Zhaoming; Yeager, Meredith] Leidos Biomed Res Inc, Div Canc Epidemiol & Genet, Natl Canc Inst, Canc Genom Res Lab, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Jacobs, Kevin B.] Bioinformed LLC, Gaithersburg, MD 20877 USA. [Aldrich, Melinda C.] Vanderbilt Univ, Sch Med, Dept Thorac Surg, Nashville, TN 37232 USA. [Aldrich, Melinda C.; Blot, William J.; Zheng, Wei] Vanderbilt Univ, Med Ctr, Vanderbilt Epidemiol Ctr, Dept Med,Div Epidemiol, Nashville, TN 37232 USA. [Amos, Christopher] Univ Texas MD Anderson Canc Ctr, Dept Epidemiol, Div Canc Prevent & Populat Sci, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Arslan, Alan A.] NYU, Sch Med, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, New York, NY 10016 USA. [Arslan, Alan A.] NYU, Sch Med, Dept Environm Med, New York, NY 10016 USA. [Arslan, Alan A.; Zeleniuch-Jacquotte, Anne] NYU, Inst Canc, New York, NY 10016 USA. [Blot, William J.] Int Epidemiol Inst, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. [Bock, Cathryn H.; Schwartz, Ann G.] Wayne State Univ, Sch Med, Karmanos Canc Inst, Detroit, MI 48201 USA. [Bock, Cathryn H.; Schwartz, Ann G.] Wayne State Univ, Sch Med, Dept Oncol, Detroit, MI 48201 USA. [Bracci, Paige M.; Holly, Elizabeth A.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Bueno-de-Mesquita, H. Bas] Natl Inst Publ Hlth & Environm RIVM, Dept Determinants Chron Dis DCD, Bilthoven 3721, Netherlands. [Bueno-de-Mesquita, H. Bas] Univ Med Ctr, Dept Gastroenterol & Hepatol, NL-3584 CX Utrecht, Netherlands. [Bueno-de-Mesquita, H. Bas] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, London SW7 2AZ, England. [Bueno-de-Mesquita, H. Bas] Univ Malaya, Fac Med, Dept Social & Prevent Med, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia. [Buring, Julie E.] Brigham & Womens Hosp, Div Prevent Med, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Butler, Mary A.; Carreon, Tania; Ruder, Avima M.] NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Canzian, Federico] German Canc Res Ctr, Div Canc Epidemiol, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany. [Chaffee, Kari G.; Petersen, Gloria M.] Mayo Clin, Dept Hlth Sci Res, Rochester, MN 55905 USA. [Chang, I-Shou] Natl Hlth Res Inst, Natl Inst Canc Res, Zhunan 35053, Taiwan. [Chen, Chu; Kooperberg, Charles; LaCroix, Andrea; Peters, Ulrike; White, Emily] Fred Hutchinson Canc Res Ctr, Div Publ Hlth Sci, Seattle, WA 98109 USA. [Chen, Constance; Bou, Marta Crous; De Vivo, Immaculata; Hunter, David J.; Kraft, Peter; Prescott, Jennifer] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Program Genet Epidemiol & Stat Genet, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Chen, Kexin] Tianjin Med Univ, Canc Inst & Hosp, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, Tianjin 300040, Peoples R China. [Cook, Linda S.] Univ New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [Bou, Marta Crous; De Vivo, Immaculata; Fuchs, Charles S.; Giovannucci, Edward L.; Hankinson, Susan E.; Hunter, David J.; Prescott, Jennifer; Wolpin, Brian M.] Brigham & Womens Hosp, Dept Med, Channing Div Network Med, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Bou, Marta Crous; De Vivo, Immaculata; Fuchs, Charles S.; Giovannucci, Edward L.; Hankinson, Susan E.; Hunter, David J.; Prescott, Jennifer; Wolpin, Brian M.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Davis, Faith G.] Univ Alberta, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Publ Hlth Sci, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada. [Ding, Ti; Tang, Ze-Zhong] Shanxi Canc Hosp, Taiyuan 030013, Shanxi, Peoples R China. [Doherty, Jennifer] Dartmouth Coll, Geisel Sch Med, Lebanon, NH 03755 USA. [Duell, Eric J.] Catalan Inst Oncol ICO IDIBELL, Bellvitge Biomed Res Inst, Canc Epidemiol Res Program, Unit Nutr & Canc, Barcelona 08908, Spain. Shanghai Canc Inst, Shanghai 200032, Peoples R China. 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Michael] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Gaziano, J. Michael] Vet Affairs Boston Healthcare Syst, VA Cooperat Studies Programs, Massachusetts Vet Epidemiol Res & Informat Ctr, Boston, MA 02130 USA. [Giles, Graham G.; Severi, Gianluca] Univ Melbourne, Melbourne Sch Populat & Global Hlth, Canc Epidemiol Ctr, Canc Council Victoria, Melbourne, Vic 3010, Australia. [Giles, Graham G.; Severi, Gianluca] Univ Melbourne, Melbourne Sch Populat & Global Hlth, Ctr Epidemiol & Biostat, Melbourne, Vic 3010, Australia. [Gillanders, Elizabeth M.; Zanetti, Krista A.] NCI, Div Canc Control & Populat Sci, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Giovannucci, Edward L.] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Haiman, Christopher A.; Schumacher, Fredrick; Setiawan, Veronica Wendy; Stram, Daniel; Van den Berg, David] Univ So Calif, Keck Sch Med, Dept Prevent Med, Div Biostat, Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA. 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EM chanocks@mail.nih.gov RI Krogh, Vittorio/K-2628-2016; Abnet, Christian/C-4111-2015; Tobias, Geoffrey/M-4135-2016; Qiao, You-Lin/B-4139-2012; Zheng, Wei/O-3351-2013; Beane Freeman, Laura/C-4468-2015 OI Krogh, Vittorio/0000-0003-0122-8624; Abnet, Christian/0000-0002-3008-7843; Tobias, Geoffrey/0000-0002-2878-8253; Qiao, You-Lin/0000-0001-6380-0871; Zheng, Wei/0000-0003-1226-070X; Beane Freeman, Laura/0000-0003-1294-4124 FU Broad Center for Genotyping and Analysis [U01HG04424]; Cancer Prevention Study-II (American Cancer Society); Center for Inherited Disease Research [U01HG004438, HHSN268200782096C]; Endometrial cancer [ROl CA 134958]; Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center (funds from the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center and National Institute of Health) [R35 CA 39779, RO1 CA 75977, R03 CA 80636, NO1 HD 2 3166, KO5 CA 92002, CA 105212, RO1 CA87538]; Fudan Lung Cancer Study Ministry of Health [201002007]; Ministry of Science and Technology [2011BAIO9B00]; National S&T Major Special Project [2011ZX09102-010-01]; China National High-Tech Research and Development Program [2012AA02A517, 2012AA02A518]; National Science Foundation of China [30890034]; National Basic Research Program [2012CB944600]; Scientific and Technological Support Plans from Jiangsu Province [BE2010715]; Genes and Environment in Lung Cancer, Singapore Study (National Medical Research Council Singapore) [NMRC/0897/2004, NMRC/1075/2006]; Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR) of Singapore; National Research Program on Genomic Medicine in Taiwan [DOH98-TD-G-111-015]; National Research Program for Biopharmaceuticals in Taiwan [DOH 100-TD-PB-111TM013]; National Science Council, Taiwan [NSC 100-2319-B-400-001]; Guangdong Study (Foundation of Guangdong Science and Technology Department [2006B60101010, 2007A032000002, 2011A030400010]; Guangzhou Science and Information Technology Bureau [2011Y2-00014]; Chinese Lung Cancer Research Foundation; National Natural Science Foundation of China [81101549]; Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province [S2011010000792]; Hong Kong Study (General Research Fund of Research Grant Council, Hong Kong) [781511M]; Intramural Research Program of the Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH; Intramural Research Program of the NIH, National Library of Medicine; Intramural Research Program of the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health; Ministry of Health, Labor, and Welfare for Research on Applying Health Technology; National Cancer Center Research and Development Fund; NCI [R01-CA121210]; Korea Health Technology R&D Project (Korea Health Industry Development Institute (KHIDI); Ministry of Health & Welfare, Republic of Korea [HI14C0066]; Ministry of Health [201002007]; Melanoma [NCI R29CA70334, R01CA100264, P50CA093459]; National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF); Korea government (MSIP) [NRF-2014R1A2A2A05003665]; NLCS (China National High-Tech Research and Development Program Grant [2009AA022705]; Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institution; National Key Basic Research Program Grant [2011CB503805]; Nurses' Health Study [P01 CA87969, ROl CA49449]; Yunnan Lung Cancer Study (Intramural program of U.S. National Institutes of Health; National Cancer Institute; NIH/NCI [K07 CA 172294]; Women's Health Initiative (National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services) [HHSN268201100046C, HHSN268201100001C, HHSN268201100002C, HHSN268201100003C, HHSN268201100004C, HHSN271201100004C]; Tianjin Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Foundation for Cancer Research US; [U01 CA164973]; [U01 CA098758] FX Some individuals, studies, and centers received individual support as follows: Broad Center for Genotyping and Analysis (U01HG04424); Cancer Prevention Study-II (American Cancer Society); Center for Inherited Disease Research (U01HG004438, HHSN268200782096C); Endometrial cancer (ROl CA 134958); Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center (funds from the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center and National Institute of Health grants (R35 CA 39779, RO1 CA 75977, R03 CA 80636, NO1 HD 2 3166, KO5 CA 92002, CA 105212 and RO1 CA87538)); Fudan Lung Cancer Study (Ministry of Health (201002007); Ministry of Science and Technology (2011BAIO9B00); National S&T Major Special Project (2011ZX09102-010-01); China National High-Tech Research and Development Program (2012AA02A517, 2012AA02A518); National Science Foundation of China (30890034); National Basic Research Program (2012CB944600); Scientific and Technological Support Plans from Jiangsu Province (BE2010715)); Gene-Environment Association Studies (Coordinating Center:U01 HG004446, Manuscript preparation: P01-GM099568); Genes and Environment in Lung Cancer, Singapore Study (National Medical Research Council Singapore grant (NMRC/0897/2004, NMRC/1075/2006); Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR) of Singapore); Genetic Epidemiological Study of Lung Adenocarcinoma (National Research Program on Genomic Medicine in Taiwan (DOH98-TD-G-111-015); National Research Program for Biopharmaceuticals in Taiwan (DOH 100-TD-PB-111TM013); National Science Council, Taiwan (NSC 100-2319-B-400-001)); Guangdong Study (Foundation of Guangdong Science and Technology Department (2006B60101010, 2007A032000002, 2011A030400010); Guangzhou Science and Information Technology Bureau (2011Y2-00014); Chinese Lung Cancer Research Foundation; National Natural Science Foundation of China (81101549); Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province (S2011010000792)); Hong Kong Study (General Research Fund of Research Grant Council, Hong Kong (781511M)); Intramural Research Program of the Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH; Intramural Research Program of the NIH, National Library of Medicine; Intramural Research Program of the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health; Japanese Female Lung Cancer Collaborative Study (Grants-in-Aid from the Ministry of Health, Labor, and Welfare for Research on Applying Health Technology and for the 3rd-term Comprehensive 10-year Strategy for Cancer Control; National Cancer Center Research and Development Fund; Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Priority Areas and on Innovative Area from the Ministry of Education, Science, Sports, Culture and Technology of Japan; NCI (R01-CA121210)); Korea Health Technology R&D Project (Korea Health Industry Development Institute (KHIDI), funded by the Ministry of Health & Welfare, Republic of Korea (HI14C0066)); Lung cancer (ZO1CP010200); Lung health (U01HG004738); Ministry of Health (201002007); Ministry of Science and Technology (2011BAIO9B00); Melanoma (NCI R29CA70334, R01CA100264, P50CA093459); Multiethnic Cohort Study (Infrastructure grant (U01 CA164973) and U01 CA098758); National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) (funded by the Korea government (MSIP) (NRF-2014R1A2A2A05003665)); NLCS (China National High-Tech Research and Development Program Grant (2009AA022705); Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institution; National Key Basic Research Program Grant (2011CB503805)); Nurses' Health Study (P01 CA87969, ROl CA49449); Nurses' Health Study II (UM1 CA176726, ROl 6; 7262); OpPancreatic cancer (Mayo Clinic SPORE in Pancreatic Cancer: P50CA102701); Prostate cancer (U01HG004726, NCI: CA63464, CA54281, CA1326792, RC2 CA148085); Shanghai Women's Health Cohort Study (National Institutes of Health (R37 CA70867); National Cancer Institute intramural research program; NCI Intramural Research Program contract (NO2 CP1101066)); Shenyang Lung Cancer Study (National Nature Science Foundation of China (81102194); Liaoning Provincial Department of Education (LS2010168); China Medical Board (00726)); Singapore Chinese Health Study (NIH grants: NCI ROl CA55069, R35 CA53890, ROl CA80205, and ROl CA144034); South Korea Multi-Center Lung Cancer Study (National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Korea government (MEST) (2011-0016106); National R&D Program for Cancer Control, Ministry of Health &Welfare, Republic of Korea (0720550-2); (A010250)); Tianjin Lung Cancer Study (Program for Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Team in University (PCSIRT); China (IRT1076), Tianjin Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Foundation for Cancer Research US); University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center (institutional support for the Center for Translational and Public Health Genomics (NIH grant P50 CA 91846)); Women's Health Initiative (National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services contracts HHSN268201100046C, HHSN268201100001C, HHSN268201100002C, HHSN268201100003C, HHSN268201100004C, and HHSN271201100004C); Wuhan lung cancer study (National Key Basic Research and Development Program (2011CB503800)) and Yunnan Lung Cancer Study (Intramural program of U.S. National Institutes of Health; National Cancer Institute). Melinda C. Aldrich was supported by NIH/NCI grant K07 CA 172294. We would like to thank the participants and staff of the NHS and NHSII cohorts for their valuable contributions as well as the following state registries for their help: AL, AZ, AR, CA, CO, CT, DE, FL, GA, ID, IL, IN, IA, KY, LA, ME, MD, MA, MI, NE, NH, NJ, NY, NC, ND, OH, OK, OR, PA, RI, SC, TN, TX, VA, WA, WY. This study was approved by the Connecticut Department of Public Health (DPH) Human Investigations Committee. Certain data used in this publication were obtained from the DPH. The authors assume full responsibility for the analyses and interpretation of these data. The Women's Health Initiative would like to acknowledge the following individuals for their participation: Program Office: (National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, Maryland) Jacques Rossouw, Shari Ludlam, Dale Burwen, Joan McGowan, Leslie Ford, and Nancy Geller; Clinical Coordinating Center: (Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA) Garnet Anderson, Ross Prentice, Andrea LaCroix, and Charles Kooperberg; Investigators and Academic Centers: (Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA) JoAnn E. Manson; (MedStar Health Research Institute/Howard University, Washington, DC) Barbara V. Howard; (Stanford Prevention Research Center, Stanford, CA). Marcia L. Stefanick; (The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH) Rebecca Jackson; (University of Arizona, Tucson/Phoenix, AZ) Cynthia A. Thomson; (University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY) Jean Wactawski-Wende; (University of Florida, Gainesville/Jacksonville, FL) Marian Limacher; (University of Iowa, Iowa City/Davenport, IA) Robert Wallace; (University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA) Lewis Kuller; (Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC) Sally Shumaker.; Women's Health Initiative Memory Study: (Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC) Sally Shumaker. NR 40 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 12 U2 18 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 2041-1723 J9 NAT COMMUN JI Nat. Commun. PD JUN 13 PY 2016 VL 7 AR 118431 DI 10.1038/ncomms118431 PG 9 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA DP3IY UT WOS:000378387800001 ER PT J AU Syamlal, G Jamal, A King, BA Mazurek, JM AF Syamlal, Girija Jamal, Ahmed King, Brian A. Mazurek, Jacek M. TI Electronic Cigarette Use Among Working Adults - United States, 2014 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Article ID SMOKING C1 [Syamlal, Girija; Mazurek, Jacek M.] NIOSH, Resp Hlth Div, CDC, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Jamal, Ahmed; King, Brian A.] CDC, Off Smoking & Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Syamlal, G (reprint author), NIOSH, Resp Hlth Div, CDC, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM GSyamlal@cdc.gov NR 9 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 4 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD JUN 10 PY 2016 VL 65 IS 22 BP 557 EP 561 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DP2EH UT WOS:000378300400001 PM 27281058 ER PT J AU Davlin, SL Blanton, L Kniss, K Mustaquim, D Smith, S Kramer, N Cohen, J Cummings, CN Garg, S Flannery, B Fry, AM Grohskopf, LA Bresee, J Wallis, T Sessions, W Garten, R Xu, XY Abd Elal, AI Gubareva, L Barnes, J Wentworth, DE Burns, E Katz, J Jernigan, D Brammer, L AF Davlin, Stacy L. Blanton, Lenee Kniss, Krista Mustaquim, Desiree Smith, Sophie Kramer, Natalie Cohen, Jessica Cummings, Charisse Nitura Garg, Shikha Flannery, Brendan Fry, Alicia M. Grohskopf, Lisa A. Bresee, Joseph Wallis, Teresa Sessions, Wendy Garten, Rebecca Xu, Xiyan Abd Elal, Anwar Isa Gubareva, Larisa Barnes, John Wentworth, David E. Burns, Erin Katz, Jacqueline Jernigan, Daniel Brammer, Lynnette TI Influenza Activity - United States, 2015-16 Season and Composition of the 2016-17 Influenza Vaccine SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Article ID VIRUS C1 [Davlin, Stacy L.; Blanton, Lenee; Kniss, Krista; Mustaquim, Desiree; Smith, Sophie; Kramer, Natalie; Cohen, Jessica; Cummings, Charisse Nitura; Garg, Shikha; Flannery, Brendan; Fry, Alicia M.; Grohskopf, Lisa A.; Bresee, Joseph; Wallis, Teresa; Sessions, Wendy; Garten, Rebecca; Xu, Xiyan; Abd Elal, Anwar Isa; Gubareva, Larisa; Barnes, John; Wentworth, David E.; Burns, Erin; Katz, Jacqueline; Jernigan, Daniel; Brammer, Lynnette] CDC, Influenza Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Davlin, Stacy L.; Cohen, Jessica] Atlanta Res & Educ Fdn, Atlanta, GA USA. [Cummings, Charisse Nitura] Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN USA. RP Davlin, SL (reprint author), CDC, Influenza Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.; Davlin, SL (reprint author), Atlanta Res & Educ Fdn, Atlanta, GA USA. EM lxz6@cdc.gov OI Wentworth, David/0000-0002-5190-980X NR 9 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 1 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD JUN 10 PY 2016 VL 65 IS 22 BP 567 EP 575 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DP2EH UT WOS:000378300400003 PM 27281364 ER PT J AU Garrison, LE Kunz, JM Cooley, LA Moore, MR Lucas, C Schrag, S Sarisky, J Whitney, CG AF Garrison, Laurel E. Kunz, Jasen M. Cooley, Laura A. Moore, Matthew R. Lucas, Claressa Schrag, Stephanie Sarisky, John Whitney, Cynthia G. TI Vital Signs: Deficiencies in Environmental Control Identified in Outbreaks of Legionnaires' Disease - North America, 2000-2014 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; LEGIONELLA; SURVEILLANCE; TRANSMISSION AB Background: The number Of reported cases of Legionnaires' disease, a severe pneumonia caused by the bacterium Legionella, is increasing in the United States. During 2000-2014, the rate of reported legionellosis cases increased from 0.42 to 1.62 per 100,000 persons; 4% of reported cases were outbreak-associated. Legionella is transmitted through aerosolization of contaminated water. A new industry standard for prevention of Legionella growth and transmission in water systems in buildings was published in 2015. CDC investigated outbreaks of Legionnaires! disease to identify gaps in building water system maintenance and guide prevention efforts. Methods: Information from summaries of CDC Legionnaires' disease outbreak investigations during 2000-2014 was systematically abstracted, and water system maintenance deficiencies from land-based investigations were categorized as process failures, human errors, equipment failures, or unmanaged external changes. Results: During 2000-2014, CDC participated in 38 field investigations of Legionnaires' disease. Among 27 land-based outbreaks, the median number of cases was 10 (range = 3-82) and median outbreak case fatality rate was 7% (range = 0%-80%). Sufficient information to evaluate maintenance deficiencies was available for 23 (85%) investigations. Of these, all had at least one deficiency; 11 (48%) had deficiencies in >= 2 categories. Fifteen cases (65%) were linked to process failures; 12 (52%) to human errors, eight (35%) to equipment failures, and eight (35%) to unmanaged external changes. Conclusions and Implications for Public Health Practice: Multiple common preventable maintenance deficiencies were identified in association with disease outbreaks, highlighting the importance of comprehensive water management programs for water systems in buildings. Properly implemented programs, as described in the new industry standard, could reduce Legionella growth and transmission, preventing Legionnaires' disease outbreaks and reducing disease. C1 [Garrison, Laurel E.; Cooley, Laura A.; Moore, Matthew R.; Lucas, Claressa; Schrag, Stephanie; Whitney, Cynthia G.] CDC, Div Bacterial Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Kunz, Jasen M.; Sarisky, John] CDC, Div Emergency & Environm Hlth Serv, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Cooley, LA (reprint author), CDC, Div Bacterial Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM LCooley@cdc.gov NR 16 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 3 U2 4 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD JUN 10 PY 2016 VL 65 IS 22 BP 576 EP 584 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DP2EH UT WOS:000378300400004 PM 27281485 ER PT J AU Fill, MMA Seger, DL Dunn, JR Schaffner, W Jones, TF AF Fill, Mary-Margaret A. Seger, Donna L. Dunn, John R. Schaffner, William Jones, Timothy F. TI Intoxication and Deaths Associated with Ingestion of a Racing Fuel and Carbonated Soft Drink Mixture - Tennessee, January 2016 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Article ID METHANOL C1 [Fill, Mary-Margaret A.] CDC, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Fill, Mary-Margaret A.; Dunn, John R.; Jones, Timothy F.] Tennessee Dept Hlth, Div Communicable & Environm Dis & Emergency Prepa, Nashville, TN USA. [Seger, Donna L.] Tennessee Poison Ctr, Nashville, TN USA. [Schaffner, William] Vanderbilt Univ, Sch Med, Dept Hlth Policy, Nashville, TN 37212 USA. RP Fill, MMA (reprint author), CDC, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.; Fill, MMA (reprint author), Tennessee Dept Hlth, Div Communicable & Environm Dis & Emergency Prepa, Nashville, TN USA. EM mfill@cdc.gov NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD JUN 10 PY 2016 VL 65 IS 22 BP 585 EP 586 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DP2EH UT WOS:000378300400005 PM 27281631 ER PT J AU Matoke-Muhia, D Gimnig, JE Kamau, L Shililu, J Bayoh, MN Walker, ED AF Matoke-Muhia, Damaris Gimnig, John E. Kamau, Luna Shililu, Josephat Bayoh, M. Nabie Walker, Edward D. TI Decline in frequency of the 2La chromosomal inversion in Anopheles gambiae (s.s.) in Western Kenya: correlation with increase in ownership of insecticide-treated bed nets SO PARASITES & VECTORS LA English DT Article DE Chromosomal inversion; Anopheles gambiae; Insecticide-treated nets ID MALARIA VECTORS; INCIPIENT SPECIATION; MOSQUITOS DIPTERA; COMPLEX; RESISTANCE; CULICIDAE; TRANSMISSION; PLASMODIUM; MORTALITY; BEDNETS AB Background: The 2La chromosomal inversion, a genetic polymorphism in An. gambiae (sensu stricto) (s.s.), is associated with adaptation to microclimatic differences in humidity and desiccation resistance and mosquito behaviors. Ownership of insecticide-treated bed nets (ITNs) for malaria control has increased markedly in western Kenya in the last 20 years. An increase in the frequency of ITNs indoors could select against house entering or indoor resting of Anopheles mosquitoes. Thus, the frequency of the 2La inversion is postulated to change in An. gambiae (s.s.) with the increase of ITN ownership over time. Methods: Anopheles gambiae mosquitoes were sampled between 1994 and 2011 using pyrethrum knockdown, bednet traps and human landing catches (HLC) from Asembo and Seme, western Kenya. The 2La inversion was detected by a PCR assay with primers designed for proximal breakpoints of the 2La/a and 2L+(a)/+(a) chromosomal conformation. Mosquitoes were tested for malaria parasite infection by sporozoite ELISA. Results: The frequency of the 2La chromosomal inversion declined from 100 % of all chromosomes in 1994 to 17 % in 2005 and remained low through 2011 (21 %). ITN ownership increased from 0 to > 90 % of houses in the study area during this interval. The decline in the frequency of the 2La chromosomal inversion was significantly, negatively correlated with year (r = -0.93) and with increase in ITN ownership (r = -0.96). The frequency of the homo-and heterokaryotypes departed significantly from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, suggesting that 2La/a karyotype was under selection, earlier in its favor and later, against it. Precipitation and maximum monthly temperature did not vary over time, therefore there was no trend in climate that could account for the decline. There was no significant difference in frequency of the 2La inversion in An. gambiae (s.s.) females sampled indoors or outdoors in HCL in 2011, nor was there an association between the 2La inversion and infection with Plasmodium falciparum sporozoites. Conclusions: The increase in ITN ownership in the study area was negatively correlated with the frequency of 2La inversion. The decline in 2La frequency in western Kenya is postulated to be due to differential impacts of ITNs on mosquitoes with different 2La karyotypes, possibly mediated by differences in behavior associated with the 2La karyotypes. Further research is required to determine if this is a widespread phenomenon, to further determine the association of the 2La karyotypes with mosquito behavior, and to assess whether ITNs are exerting selection mediated by differences in behavior on the different karyotypes. C1 [Matoke-Muhia, Damaris; Kamau, Luna] Kenya Govt Med Res Ctr, Ctr Biotechnol Res & Dev, POB 54840-00200, Nairobi, Kenya. [Matoke-Muhia, Damaris; Shililu, Josephat] Jomo Kenyatta Univ Agr & Technol, Inst Trop Med & Infect Dis, POB 62000-00200, Nairobi, Kenya. [Gimnig, John E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Atlanta, GA USA. [Bayoh, M. Nabie] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, POB 1578, Kisumu, Kenya. [Walker, Edward D.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Microbiol & Mol Genet, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. RP Matoke-Muhia, D (reprint author), Kenya Govt Med Res Ctr, Ctr Biotechnol Res & Dev, POB 54840-00200, Nairobi, Kenya.; Matoke-Muhia, D (reprint author), Jomo Kenyatta Univ Agr & Technol, Inst Trop Med & Infect Dis, POB 62000-00200, Nairobi, Kenya. EM DMatoke@kemri.org FU NIH [AI05842]; NSF [EF-072377] FX This study funded by NIH (AI05842) and NSF (EF-072377) grants both awarded to Prof. Edward Walker. The grants facilitated field activities, sample processing, data analysis and administrative support. NR 45 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1756-3305 J9 PARASITE VECTOR JI Parasites Vectors PD JUN 10 PY 2016 VL 9 AR 334 DI 10.1186/s13071-016-1621-3 PG 10 WC Parasitology SC Parasitology GA DP2FX UT WOS:000378304800001 PM 27286834 ER PT J AU Zhang, T Zhang, J Hua, J Wang, D Chen, LL Ding, YF Zeng, SS Wu, J Jiang, YW Geng, Q Zhou, SZ Song, Y Iuliano, AD Greene, CM McFarland, J Zhao, GM AF Zhang, Tao Zhang, Jun Hua, Jun Wang, Dan Chen, Liling Ding, Yunfang Zeng, Shanshan Wu, Jing Jiang, Yanwei Geng, Qian Zhou, Suizan Song, Ying Iuliano, A. Danielle Greene, Carolyn M. McFarland, Jeffrey Zhao, Genming TI Influenza-associated outpatient visits among children less than 5 years of age in eastern China, 2011-2014 SO BMC INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Influenza; Outpatient visit; Influenza-like illness; Children; China ID ACUTE RESPIRATORY-INFECTION; SEASONAL INFLUENZA; YOUNG-CHILDREN; PEDIATRIC INFLUENZA; BURDEN; HOSPITALIZATION; POPULATION; EPIDEMIOLOGY; SURVEILLANCE; VIROLOGY AB Background: The disease burden of influenza in China has not been well described, especially among young children. The aim of this study was to estimate the incidence of outpatient visits associated with influenza in young children in Suzhou, a city of more than 11 million residents in Jiangsu Province in eastern China. Methods: Influenza-like illness (ILI) was defined as the presence of fever (axillary temperature >= 38 degrees C) and cough or sore throat. We collected throat swabs for children less than 5 years of age with ILI who visited Suzhou University Affiliated Children's Hospital (SCH) outpatient clinic or emergency room between April 2011 and March 2014. Suzhou CDC, a national influenza surveillance network laboratory, tested for influenza viruses by real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction assay (rRT-PCR). Influenza-associated ILI was defined as ILI with laboratory-confirmed influenza by rRT-PCR. To calculate the incidence of influenza-associated outpatient visits, we conducted community-based healthcare utilization surveys to determine the proportion of hospital catchment area residents who sought care at SCH. Results: The estimated incidence of influenza-associated ILI outpatient visits among children aged <5 years in the catchment area of Suzhou was, per 100 population, 17.4 (95 % CI 11.0-25.3) during April 2011-March 2012, 14.6 (95 % CI 5.2-26.2) during April 2012-March 2013 and 21.4 (95 % CI: 10.9-33.5) during April 2013-March 2014. The age-specific outpatient visit rates of influenza-associated ILI were 4.9, 21.1 and 21.2 per 100 children aged 0- <6 months, 6- <24 months and 24- <60 months, respectively. Conclusion: Influenza virus infection causes a substantial burden of outpatient visits among young children in Suzhou, China. Targeted influenza prevention and control strategies for young children in Suzhou are needed to reduce influenza-associated outpatient visits in this age group. C1 [Zhang, Tao; Wang, Dan; Zeng, Shanshan; Wu, Jing; Jiang, Yanwei; Geng, Qian; Zhao, Genming] Fudan Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, POB 289 138 Yi Xue Yuan Rd, Shanghai 200032, Peoples R China. [Zhang, Tao; Wang, Dan; Zeng, Shanshan; Wu, Jing; Jiang, Yanwei; Geng, Qian; Zhao, Genming] Minist Educ, Key Lab Publ Hlth Safety, Shanghai, Peoples R China. [Zhang, Tao; Wang, Dan; Zeng, Shanshan; Wu, Jing; Jiang, Yanwei; Geng, Qian; Zhao, Genming] Collaborat Innovat Ctr Social Risks Governance Hl, Shanghai, Peoples R China. [Zhang, Jun; Chen, Liling] Suzhou Ctr Dis Prevent & Control, Suzhou, Peoples R China. [Hua, Jun; Ding, Yunfang] Suzhou Univ, Affiliated Childrens Hosp, Suzhou 215006, Peoples R China. [Zhou, Suizan; Song, Ying; Iuliano, A. Danielle; Greene, Carolyn M.; McFarland, Jeffrey] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Zhao, GM (reprint author), Fudan Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, POB 289 138 Yi Xue Yuan Rd, Shanghai 200032, Peoples R China.; Zhao, GM (reprint author), Minist Educ, Key Lab Publ Hlth Safety, Shanghai, Peoples R China.; Zhao, GM (reprint author), Collaborat Innovat Ctr Social Risks Governance Hl, Shanghai, Peoples R China. EM gmzhao@shmu.edu.cn FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) [5U2GGH000018] FX This research was supported by the Cooperative Agreement Number, 5U2GGH000018, funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Although several CDC staff served as co-authors on this manuscript and contributed to the study design, analysis and interpretation of data and the writing, the contents of this manuscript are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention or the Department of Health and Human Services. NR 33 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2334 J9 BMC INFECT DIS JI BMC Infect. Dis. PD JUN 10 PY 2016 VL 16 AR 267 DI 10.1186/s12879-016-1614-z PG 9 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA DO7ES UT WOS:000377945800001 PM 27287453 ER PT J AU Dombrowski, JC Carey, JW Pitts, N Craw, J Freeman, A Golden, MR Bertolli, J AF Dombrowski, Julia C. Carey, James W. Pitts, Nicole Craw, Jason Freeman, Arin Golden, Matthew R. Bertolli, Jeanne TI HIV provider and patient perspectives on the Development of a Health Department "Data to Care" Program: a qualitative study SO BMC PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Public Health; HIV prevention; HIV care continuum; Qualitative research; Surveillance ID PUBLIC-HEALTH; SURVEILLANCE AB Background: U.S. health departments have not historically used HIV surveillance data for disease control interventions with individuals, but advances in HIV treatment and surveillance are changing public health practice. Many U.S. health departments are in the early stages of implementing "Data to Care" programs to assists persons living with HIV (PLWH) with engaging in care, based on information collected for HIV surveillance. Stakeholder engagement is a critical first step for development of these programs. In Seattle-King County, Washington, the health department conducted interviews with HIV medical care providers and PLWH to inform its Data to Care program. This paper describes the key themes of these interviews and traces the evolution of the resulting program. Methods: Disease intervention specialists conducted individual, semi-structured qualitative interviews with 20 PLWH randomly selected from HIV surveillance who had HIV RNA levels >10,000 copies/mL in 2009-2010. A physician investigator conducted key informant interviews with 15 HIV medical care providers. Investigators analyzed de-identified interview transcripts, developed a codebook of themes, independently coded the interviews, and identified codes used most frequently as well as illustrative quotes for these key themes. We also trace the evolution of the program from 2010 to 2015. Results: PLWH generally accepted the idea of the health department helping PLWH engage in care, and described how hearing about the treatment experiences of HIV seropositive peers would assist them with engagement in care. Although many physicians were supportive of the Data to Care concept, others expressed concern about potential health department intrusion on patient privacy and the patient-physician relationship. Providers emphasized the need for the health department to coordinate with existing efforts to improve patient engagement. As a result of the interviews, the Data to Care program in Seattle-King County was designed to incorporate an HIV-positive peer component and to ensure coordination with HIV care providers in the process of relinking patients to care. Conclusions: Health departments can build support for Data to Care efforts by gathering input of key stakeholders, such as HIV medical and social service providers, and coordinating with clinic-based efforts to re-engage patients in care. C1 [Dombrowski, Julia C.; Golden, Matthew R.] Univ Washington, Dept Med, 325 Ninth Ave,Box 359777, Seattle, WA 98104 USA. [Dombrowski, Julia C.; Golden, Matthew R.] Publ Hlth Seattle & King Cty HIV STD Program, Seattle, WA USA. [Carey, James W.; Craw, Jason; Freeman, Arin; Bertolli, Jeanne] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Pitts, Nicole] ICF Int, Atlanta, GA USA. [Golden, Matthew R.] Univ Washington, Dept Epidemiol, Seattle, WA 98104 USA. RP Dombrowski, JC (reprint author), Univ Washington, Dept Med, 325 Ninth Ave,Box 359777, Seattle, WA 98104 USA.; Dombrowski, JC (reprint author), Publ Hlth Seattle & King Cty HIV STD Program, Seattle, WA USA. EM jdombrow@uw.edu FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Health Resources and Services Administration HIV/AIDS Bureau; National Institute of Mental Health [5K23MH090923, L30MH095060]; University of Washington Center for AIDS Research (CFAR), an NIH [P30AI027757]; NIH: NIAID; NIH: NCI; NIH: NIMH; NIH: NIDA; NIH: NICHD; NIH: NHLBI; NIH: NIA; NIH: NIGMS; NIH: NIDDK FX This work was supported by programmatic funding to Public Health - Seattle and King County from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the Health Resources and Services Administration HIV/AIDS Bureau; grants to JCD from the National Institute of Mental Health (5K23MH090923 and L30MH095060); and the University of Washington Center for AIDS Research (CFAR), an NIH-funded program under award number P30AI027757 which is supported by the following NIH Institutes and Centers: NIAID, NCI, NIMH, NIDA, NICHD, NHLBI, NIA, NIGMS, NIDDK. The funding bodies had no role in the design of the study, data collection, analysis, interpretation of data, or writing the manuscript. NR 26 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2458 J9 BMC PUBLIC HEALTH JI BMC Public Health PD JUN 10 PY 2016 VL 16 AR 491 DI 10.1186/s12889-016-3152-4 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DO3WN UT WOS:000377713300001 PM 27286654 ER PT J AU Lester, J Paige, S Chapman, CA Gibson, M Jones, JH Switzer, WM Ting, N Goldberg, TL Frost, SDW AF Lester, James Paige, Sarah Chapman, Colin A. Gibson, Mhairi Jones, James Holland Switzer, William M. Ting, Nelson Goldberg, Tony L. Frost, Simon D. W. TI Assessing Commitment and Reporting Fidelity to a Text Message-Based Participatory Surveillance in Rural Western Uganda SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID SYNDROMIC SURVEILLANCE; DISEASE AB Syndromic surveillance, the collection of symptom data from individuals prior to or in the absence of diagnosis, is used throughout the developed world to provide rapid indications of outbreaks and unusual patterns of disease. However, the low cost of syndromic surveillance also makes it highly attractive for the developing world. We present a case study of electronic participatory syndromic surveillance, using participant-mobile phones in a rural region of Western Uganda, which has a high infectious disease burden, and frequent local and regional outbreaks. Our platform uses text messages to encode a suite of symptoms, their associated durations, and household disease burden, and we explore the ability of participants to correctly encode their symptoms, with an average of 75.2% of symptom reports correctly formatted between the second and 11th reporting timeslots. Concomitantly we identify divisions between participants able to rapidly adjust to this unusually participatory style of data collection, and those few for whom the study proved more challenging. We then perform analyses of the resulting syndromic time series, examining the clustering of symptoms by time and household to identify patterns such as a tendency towards the within-household sharing of respiratory illness. C1 [Lester, James; Frost, Simon D. W.] Univ Cambridge, Dept Vet Med, Cambridge, England. [Paige, Sarah; Goldberg, Tony L.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Pathobiol Sci, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Paige, Sarah; Goldberg, Tony L.] Univ Wisconsin, Global Hlth Inst, Madison, WI USA. [Chapman, Colin A.] McGill Univ, Dept Anthropol, Montreal, PQ, Canada. [Chapman, Colin A.] McGill Univ, McGill Sch Environm, Montreal, PQ, Canada. [Chapman, Colin A.] Wildlife Conservat Soc, Bronx, NY USA. [Gibson, Mhairi] Univ Bristol, Dept Archaeol & Anthropol, Bristol, Avon, England. [Jones, James Holland] Stanford Univ, Woods Inst Environm, Dept Anthropol, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Switzer, William M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Branch Lab, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV Hepatitis STD & TB Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Ting, Nelson] Univ Oregon, Dept Anthropol, Eugene, OR 97403 USA. RP Frost, SDW (reprint author), Univ Cambridge, Dept Vet Med, Cambridge, England. EM sdf22@cam.ac.uk FU National Institute of Health [TW009237]; UK Economic and Social Research Council [ES/J011266/1]; NIH as part of the joint NIH-NSF Ecology of Infectious Disease program [TW009237] FX This work was supported by National Institute of Health grant TW009237 (http://www.nih.gov/, TG), and UK Economic and Social Research Council grant ES/J011266/1 (http://www.esrc.ac.uk/, MG). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.; This work was funded by NIH grant TW009237 as part of the joint NIH-NSF Ecology of Infectious Disease program and the UK Economic and Social Research Council (grant ES/J011266/1). We thank Annet Abwooki Nyamwija, Bashil Araali Musabe, and James Amooti Tuhaise for their field work, and Geoffrey Weny for his logistical assistance. We also thank two anonymous reviewers for their valuable comments. Use of trade names is for identification only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, the Public Health Service, or the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, or any of the authors' affiliated institutions. NR 30 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JUN 9 PY 2016 VL 11 IS 6 AR e0155971 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0155971 PG 21 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA DO1TW UT WOS:000377563000010 PM 27281020 ER PT J AU Zhao, Z Smith, PJ Hill, HA AF Zhao, Zhen Smith, Philip J. Hill, Holly A. TI Evaluation of potentially achievable vaccination coverage with simultaneous administration of vaccines among children in the United States SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Simultaneous administration; Childhood vaccines; Age appropriate; Potentially achievable; Vaccination coverage; Healthy People 2020 target ID AGED 19-35 MONTHS; NATIONAL-IMMUNIZATION-SURVEY; BIAS AB Background: Routine administration of all age-appropriate doses of vaccines during the same visit is recommended for children by the National Vaccine Advisory Committee (NVAC) and the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP). Methods: Evaluate the potentially achievable vaccination coverage for >= 4 doses of diphtheria and tetanus toxoids and acellular pertussis vaccine (4+DTaP), >= 4 doses of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (4+PCV), and the full series of Haemophilus influenzae type b vaccine (Hib-FS) with simultaneous administration of all recommended childhood vaccines. Compare the potentially achievable vaccination coverage to the reported vaccination coverage for calendar years 2001 through 2013; by state in the United States and by selected socio-demographic factors in 2013. The potentially achievable vaccination coverage was defined as the coverage possible for the recommended 4+DTaP, 4+PCV, and Hib-FS if missed opportunities for simultaneous administration of all age-appropriate doses of vaccines for children had been eliminated. Results: Compared to the reported vaccination coverage, the potentially achievable vaccination coverage for 4+DTaP, 4+PCV, and Hib-FS could have increased significantly (P < 0.001), the vaccination coverage would have achieved the 90% target of Healthy People 2020 for the three vaccines beginning in 2005, 2008, and 2011 respectively. In 2013, the potentially achievable vaccination coverage increased significantly across all selected socio-demographic factors, potentially achievable vaccination coverage would have reached the 90% target for more than 51% of the states in the United States. Conclusions: The findings in this study suggest that fully utilization of all opportunities for simultaneous administration of all age-eligible childhood doses of vaccines during the same vaccination visit is a critical strategy for achieving the vaccination coverage target of Healthy People 2020. Encouraging providers to deliver all recommended vaccines that are due at each visit by implementing client reminder and recall systems might decrease missed opportunities for simultaneous administration of childhood vaccines. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Zhao, Zhen; Smith, Philip J.; Hill, Holly A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS A19, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. RP Zhao, Z (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS A19, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM zaz0@cdc.gov NR 23 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X EI 1873-2518 J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD JUN 8 PY 2016 VL 34 IS 27 BP 3030 EP 3036 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2016.04.097 PG 7 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA DP7GT UT WOS:000378667900005 PM 27160040 ER PT J AU Xu, J Zhou, F Reed, C Chaves, SS Messonnier, M Kim, IK AF Xu, Jing Zhou, Fangjun Reed, Carrie Chaves, Sandra S. Messonnier, Mark Kim, Inkyu K. TI Cost-effectiveness of seasonal inactivated influenza vaccination among pregnant women SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Seasonal influenza vaccination; Cost-effectiveness analysis; Pregnancy ID UNITED-STATES; PANDEMIC INFLUENZA; ECONOMIC-ANALYSIS; DECISION-ANALYSIS; CHILDREN; INFANTS; IMMUNIZATION; ADULTS; HOSPITALIZATIONS; PREFERENCES AB Objective: To evaluate the cost-effectiveness of seasonal inactivated influenza vaccination among pregnant women using data from three recent influenza seasons in the United States. Design, setting, and participants: We developed a decision-analytic model following a cohort of 5.2 million pregnant women and their infants aged <6 months to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of vaccinating women against seasonal influenza during pregnancy from a societal perspective. The main outcome measures were quality-adjusted life-year (QALY) gained and cost-effectiveness ratios. Data sources included surveillance data, epidemiological studies, and published vaccine cost data. Sensitivity analyses were also performed. All costs and outcomes were discounted at 3% annually. Main outcome measures: Total costs (direct and indirect), effects (QALY gains, averted case numbers), and incremental cost-effectiveness of seasonal inactivated influenza vaccination among pregnant women (cost per QALY gained). Results: Using a recent benchmark of 52.2% vaccination coverage among pregnant women, we studied a hypothetical cohort of 2,753,015 vaccinated pregnant women. With an estimated vaccine effectiveness of 73% among pregnant women and 63% among infants <6 months, QALY gains for each season were 305 (2010-2011), 123 (2011-2012), and 610 (2012-2013). Compared with no vaccination, seasonal influenza vaccination during pregnancy was cost-saving when using data from the 2010-2011 and 2012-2013 influenza seasons. The cost-effectiveness ratio was greater than $100,000/QALY with the 2011-2012 influenza season data, when CDC reported a low attack rate compared to other recent seasons. Conclusions: Influenza vaccination for pregnant women can reduce morbidity from influenza in both pregnant women and their infants aged <6 months. Seasonal influenza vaccination during pregnancy is cost-saving during moderate to severe influenza seasons. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Xu, Jing; Zhou, Fangjun; Messonnier, Mark] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Immunizat Serv Div, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mail Stop A-19, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Reed, Carrie; Chaves, Sandra S.; Kim, Inkyu K.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Influenza Div, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mail Stop A-19, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Kim, Inkyu K.] Battelle Mem Inst, Columbus, OH 43201 USA. RP Xu, J (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mail Stop A-19, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM jingxu.emory@gmail.com; faz1@cdc.gov; ggj2@cdc.gov; bev8@cdc.gov; gm3@cdc.gov; ddz8@cdc.gov NR 44 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X EI 1873-2518 J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD JUN 8 PY 2016 VL 34 IS 27 BP 3149 EP 3155 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2016.04.057 PG 7 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA DP7GT UT WOS:000378667900021 PM 27161997 ER PT J AU Auld, AF Blain, M Ekra, KA Kouakou, JS Ettiegne-Traore, V Tuho, MZ Mohamed, F Shiraishi, RW Sabatier, J Essombo, J Adjorlolo-Johnson, G Marlink, R Ellerbrock, TV AF Auld, Andrew F. Blain, Michela Ekra, Kunomboa Alexandre Kouakou, Joseph Sylvain Ettiegne-Traore, Virginie Tuho, Moise Zanga Mohamed, Fayama Shiraishi, Ray W. Sabatier, Jennifer Essombo, Joseph Adjorlolo-Johnson, Georgette Marlink, Richard Ellerbrock, Tedd V. TI Wide Variations in Compliance with Tuberculosis Screening Guidelines and Tuberculosis Incidence between Antiretroviral Therapy Facilities - Cote d'Ivoire SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID MULTIPLE IMPUTATION; RISK-FACTORS; ADULTS; INFECTION; BOTSWANA; AFRICA; VALUES; TRIAL AB Background In Cote d'Ivoire, tuberculosis (TB) is a common cause of death among HIV-infected antiretroviral therapy (ART) enrollees. Ivorian guidelines recommend screening for TB and initiation of TB treatment before ART initiation. Compliance with these guidelines can help reduce TB-related mortality during ART and possibly nosocomial TB transmission. Methods and Findings In a retrospective cohort study among 3,682 randomly selected adults (>= 15 years old) starting ART during 2004-2007 at 34 randomly selected facilities, documentation of TB screening completion, prevalence of active TB at ART initiation, and incidence of TB during ART were evaluated. At ART initiation, median age was 36 years, 67% were female, and median CD4 count was 135 cells/mu L. Among all 3,682 enrollees, 73 (2%) were on TB treatment at the time of referral to the ART facility. Among the 3,609 not on TB treatment, 1,263 (36%) were documented to receive some TB screening before ART initiation; 21% were screened for cough, 21% for weight loss, 18% for fever, 18% for TB contacts, and 12% for night sweats. Among the 1,263 screened, 111 (11%) were diagnosed with TB and started TB treatment before ART. No associations between patient characteristics and probability of being screened were noted. However, documentation of TB screening completion before ART varied widely by ART facility from 0-100%. TB incidence during ART was 3.0 per 100 person-years but varied widely by ART facility from 0/100 person-year to 13.1/100 person-years. Conclusions Screening for TB before ART initiation was poorly documented. Facility-level variations in TB screening documentation suggest facility-level factors, such as investment in training programs, might determine documentation practices. Targeting under-performing ART facilities with improvement activities is needed. Variations among facilities in TB incidence warrant further research. These incidence variations could reflect differences between facilities in TB screening, diagnostic tests, documentation practices, or TB risk possibly related to infection control practices or local community TB incidence. C1 [Auld, Andrew F.; Blain, Michela; Shiraishi, Ray W.; Sabatier, Jennifer; Ellerbrock, Tedd V.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global HIV & TB, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Ekra, Kunomboa Alexandre] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global HIV & TB, Ctr Global Hlth, Abidjan, Cote Ivoire. [Kouakou, Joseph Sylvain; Mohamed, Fayama; Essombo, Joseph] Elizabeth Glaser Pediat AIDS Fdn, Abidjan, Cote Ivoire. [Ettiegne-Traore, Virginie; Tuho, Moise Zanga] Minist Hlth, Natl Program Med Care Persons Living HIV AIDS, Abidjan, Cote Ivoire. [Mohamed, Fayama] Dept Econ & Finance, Directorate Gen Budget & Finance, Abidjan, Cote Ivoire. [Adjorlolo-Johnson, Georgette; Marlink, Richard] Elizabeth Glaser Pediat AIDS Fdn, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP Auld, AF (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global HIV & TB, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. EM aauld@cdc.gov OI Auld, Andrew/0000-0001-5089-9163 FU U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) FX This research has been supported by the President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) (http://www.pepfar.gov/) through the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) (http://www.cdc.gov/). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 31 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JUN 8 PY 2016 VL 11 IS 6 AR e0157059 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0157059 PG 16 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA DO1TJ UT WOS:000377561700062 PM 27275742 ER PT J AU Srinivasan, P Moss, JA Gunawardana, M Churchman, SA Yang, F Dinh, CT Mitchell, JM Zhang, JN Fanter, R Miller, CS Butkyavichene, I McNicholl, JM Smith, TJ Baum, MM Smith, JM AF Srinivasan, Priya Moss, John A. Gunawardana, Manjula Churchman, Scott A. Yang, Flora Dinh, Chuong T. Mitchell, James M. Zhang, Jining Fanter, Rob Miller, Christine S. Butkyavichene, Irina McNicholl, Janet M. Smith, Thomas J. Baum, Marc M. Smith, James M. TI Topical Delivery of Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate and Emtricitabine from Pod-Intravaginal Rings Protects Macaques from Multiple SHIV Exposures SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID PREVENT HIV-INFECTION; ANTIRETROVIRAL PREEXPOSURE PROPHYLAXIS; HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; PIG-TAILED MACAQUES; SUSTAINED DELIVERY; TRICHOMONAS-VAGINALIS; CHLAMYDIA-TRACHOMATIS; SEXUAL TRANSMISSION; PIGTAIL MACAQUES; MENSTRUAL-CYCLE AB Topical preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) against HIV has been marginally successful in recent clinical trials with low adherence rates being a primary factor for failure. Controlled, sustained release of antiretroviral (ARV) drugs may help overcome these low adherence rates if the product is protective for extended periods of time. The oral combination of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) and emtricitabine (FTC) is currently the only FDA-approved ARV drug for HIV PrEP. A novel pod-intravaginal ring (IVR) delivering TDF and FTC at independently controlled rates was evaluated for efficacy at preventing SHIV162p3 infection in a rigorous, repeat low-dose vaginal exposure model using normally cycling female pigtailed macaques. Six macaques received pod-IVRs containing TDF (65 mg) and FTC (68 mg) every two weeks, and weekly vaginal exposures to 50 TCID50 of SHIV162p3 began one week after the first pod-IVR insertion. All pod-IVR-treated macaques were fully protected throughout the study (P = 0.0002, Log-rank test), whereas all control animals became infected with a median of 4 exposures to infection. The topical, sustained release of TDF and FTC from the pod-IVR maintained protective drug levels in macaques over four months of virus exposures. This novel and versatile delivery system has the capacity to deliver and maintain protective levels of multiple drugs and the protection observed here warrants clinical evaluation of this pod-IVR design. C1 [Srinivasan, Priya; Mitchell, James M.; McNicholl, Janet M.; Smith, James M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Branch Lab, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Moss, John A.; Gunawardana, Manjula; Yang, Flora; Fanter, Rob; Miller, Christine S.; Smith, Thomas J.; Baum, Marc M.] Oak Crest Inst Sci, Dept Chem, Monrovia, CA USA. [Churchman, Scott A.; Butkyavichene, Irina; Smith, Thomas J.] Auritec Pharmaceut Inc, Pasadena, CA USA. [Dinh, Chuong T.; Zhang, Jining] Total Solut Inc, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Smith, JM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Branch Lab, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. EM ajo9@cdc.gov FU National Institutes of Health [R43AI098743]; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Total Solutions, Inc.; Auritec FX Auritec, National Institutes of Health under grant R43AI098743 (TJS, SAC, IB); Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Intramural funding (PS, J.M. Mitchell, J.M. McNicholl, JMS); Total Solutions, Inc. (CTD, JZ). The funders provided support in the form of salaries for authors, but did not have any additional role in the study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 61 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 7 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JUN 8 PY 2016 VL 11 IS 6 AR e0157061 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0157061 PG 17 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA DO1TJ UT WOS:000377561700064 PM 27275923 ER PT J AU Stacy, SL Eliot, M Calafat, AM Chen, AM Lanphear, BP Hauser, R Papandonatos, GD Sathyanarayana, S Ye, XY Yolton, K Braun, JM AF Stacy, Shaina L. Eliot, Melissa Calafat, Antonia M. Chen, Aimin Lanphear, Bruce P. Hauser, Russ Papandonatos, George D. Sathyanarayana, Sheela Ye, Xiaoyun Yolton, Kimberly Braun, Joseph M. TI Patterns, Variability, and Predictors of Urinary Bisphenol A Concentrations during Childhood SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID BODY-MASS INDEX; PREGNANT-WOMEN; METABOLITE CONCENTRATIONS; ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURES; PHTHALATE METABOLITES; DENTAL MATERIALS; SCHOOL-CHILDREN; PHENOLS; HEALTH; DETERMINANTS AB We examined the patterns, variability, and predictors of urinary bisphenol A (BPA) concentrations in 337 children from the Cincinnati, Ohio HOME Study. From 2003 to 2014, we collected two urine samples from women at 16 and 26 weeks of pregnancy and six urine samples from children at 1-5 and 8 years of age. We used linear mixed models to calculate intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) as a measure of within-person BPA variability and to identify sociodemographic and environmental predictors. For the 8-year visit, we used multivariable linear regression to explore associations between urinary BPA concentrations and exposure-related factors. We calculated daily intakes using equations estimating creatinine excretion rates and creatinine-standardized BPA concentrations. Urinary BPA concentrations, which decreased over childhood, had a low degree of reproducibility (ICC < 0.2). Estimated daily intakes decreased with age and were below the reference dose of 50 mu g/kg body weight/day. BPA. concentrations were positively associated with consuming food stored or heated in plastic, consuming canned food and beverages, and handling cash register receipts. Our results suggest that there are multiple sources of BPA exposure in young children. Etiological studies should collect serial urine samples to accurately classify BPA exposure and consider sociodemographic and environmental factors as possible confounders. C1 [Stacy, Shaina L.; Eliot, Melissa; Braun, Joseph M.] Brown Univ, Dept Epidemiol, Providence, RI 02912 USA. [Calafat, Antonia M.; Ye, Xiaoyun] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sci Lab, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Chen, Aimin] Univ Cincinnati, Coll Med, Dept Environm Hlth, Div Epidemiol, Cincinnati, OH 45267 USA. [Lanphear, Bruce P.] BC Childrens Hosp, Child & Family Res Inst, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada. [Lanphear, Bruce P.] Simon Fraser Univ, Fac Hlth Sci, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada. [Hauser, Russ] Harvard Univ, TH Chan Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Papandonatos, George D.] Brown Univ, Dept Biostat, Providence, RI 02912 USA. [Sathyanarayana, Sheela] Univ Washington, Seattle Childrens Res Inst, Dept Pediat, Seattle, WA 98105 USA. [Sathyanarayana, Sheela] Univ Washington, Dept Environm & Occupat Hlth Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Yolton, Kimberly] Cincinnati Childrens Hosp Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Cincinnati, OH 45229 USA. RP Stacy, SL (reprint author), Brown Univ, Dept Epidemiol, Providence, RI 02912 USA. EM shaina_stacy@brown.edu RI Braun, Joseph/H-8649-2014; OI Papandonatos, George/0000-0001-6770-932X FU National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences [R00 ES020346, R01 ES024381, P42 ES007381, P30 ES023515, R01 ES009718, R01 ES020349, R01 ES022955] FX This work was supported by grants R00 ES020346, R01 ES024381, P42 ES007381, P30 ES023515, R01 ES009718, R01 ES020349, and R01 ES022955 from the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences. NR 53 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 10 U2 17 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X EI 1520-5851 J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD JUN 7 PY 2016 VL 50 IS 11 BP 5981 EP 5990 DI 10.1021/acs.est.6b00794 PG 10 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA DO2SI UT WOS:000377629900067 PM 27152530 ER PT J AU Flegal, KM Kruszon-Moran, D Carroll, MD Fryar, CD Ogden, CL AF Flegal, Katherine M. Kruszon-Moran, Deanna Carroll, Margaret D. Fryar, Cheryl D. Ogden, Cynthia L. TI Trends in Obesity Among Adults in the United States, 2005 to 2014 SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID BODY-MASS INDEX; US ADULTS; SUBGROUP ANALYSES; PREVALENCE; OVERWEIGHT; CHILDHOOD; HEALTH; COUNTRIES; EPIDEMIC; BURDEN AB IMPORTANCE Between 1980 and 2000, the prevalence of obesity increased significantly among adult men and women in the United States; further significant increases were observed through 2003-2004 for men but not women. Subsequent comparisons of data from 2003-2004 with data through 2011-2012 showed no significant increases for men or women. OBJECTIVE To examine obesity prevalence for 2013-2014 and trends over the decade from 2005 through 2014 adjusting for sex, age, race/Hispanic origin, smoking status, and education. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS Analysis of data obtained from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), a cross-sectional, nationally representative health examination survey of the US civilian noninstitutionalized population that includes measured weight and height. EXPOSURES Survey period. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Prevalence of obesity (body mass index >= 30) and class 3 obesity (body mass index >= 40). RESULTS This report is based on data from 2638 adult men (mean age, 46.8 years) and 2817 women (mean age, 48.4 years) from the most recent 2 years (2013-2014) of NHANES and data from 21 013 participants in previous NHANES surveys from 2005 through 2012. For the years 2013-2014, the overall age-adjusted prevalence of obesity was 37.7%(95% CI, 35.8%-39.7%); among men, it was 35.0% (95% CI, 32.8%-37.3%); and among women, it was 40.4%(95% CI, 37.6%-43.3%). The corresponding prevalence of class 3 obesity overall was 7.7%(95% CI, 6.2%-9.3%); among men, it was 5.5%(95% CI, 4.0%-7.2%); and among women, it was 9.9%(95% CI, 7.5%-12.3%). Analyses of changes over the decade from 2005 through 2014, adjusted for age, race/Hispanic origin, smoking status, and education, showed significant increasing linear trends among women for overall obesity (P =.004) and for class 3 obesity (P =.01) but not among men (P =.30 for overall obesity; P =.14 for class 3 obesity). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE In this nationally representative survey of adults in the United States, the age-adjusted prevalence of obesity in 2013-2014 was 35.0% among men and 40.4% among women. The corresponding values for class 3 obesity were 5.5% for men and 9.9% for women. For women, the prevalence of overall obesity and of class 3 obesity showed significant linear trends for increase between 2005 and 2014; there were no significant trends for men. Other studies are needed to determine the reasons for these trends. C1 [Flegal, Katherine M.; Kruszon-Moran, Deanna; Carroll, Margaret D.; Fryar, Cheryl D.; Ogden, Cynthia L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, 3311 Toledo Rd, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. RP Flegal, KM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, 3311 Toledo Rd, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. EM kflegal@cdc.gov NR 39 TC 74 Z9 76 U1 17 U2 41 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 330 N WABASH AVE, STE 39300, CHICAGO, IL 60611-5885 USA SN 0098-7484 EI 1538-3598 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD JUN 7 PY 2016 VL 315 IS 21 BP 2284 EP 2291 DI 10.1001/jama.2016.6458 PG 8 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA DN6KO UT WOS:000377183100017 PM 27272580 ER PT J AU Marston, CK Ibrahim, H Lee, P Churchwell, G Gumke, M Stanek, D Gee, JE Boyer, AE Gallegos-Candela, M Barr, JR Li, H Boulay, D Cronin, L Quinn, CP Hoffmaster, AR AF Marston, Chung K. Ibrahim, Hisham Lee, Philip Churchwell, George Gumke, Megan Stanek, Danielle Gee, Jay E. Boyer, Anne E. Gallegos-Candela, Maribel Barr, John R. Li, Han Boulay, Darbi Cronin, Li Quinn, Conrad P. Hoffmaster, Alex R. TI Anthrax Toxin-Expressing Bacillus cereus Isolated from an Anthrax-Like Eschar SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID LINKED-IMMUNOSORBENT-ASSAY; PROTECTIVE ANTIGEN; INHALATION ANTHRAX; LETHAL FACTOR; GENES; IDENTIFICATION; VALIDATION; STRAINS AB Bacillus cereus isolates have been described harboring Bacillus anthracis toxin genes, most notably B. cereus G9241, and capable of causing severe and fatal pneumonias. This report describes the characterization of a B. cereus isolate, BcFL2013, associated with a naturally occurring cutaneous lesion resembling an anthrax eschar. Similar to G9241, BcFL2013 is positive for the B. anthracis pXO1 toxin genes, has a multi-locus sequence type of 78, and a pagA sequence type of 9. Whole genome sequencing confirms the similarity to G9241. In addition to the chromosome having an average nucleotide identity of 99.98% when compared to G9241, BcFL2013 harbors three plasmids with varying homology to the G9241 plasmids (pBCXO1, pBC210 and pBFH_1). This is also the first report to include serologic testing of patient specimens associated with this type of B. cereus infection which resulted in the detection of anthrax lethal factor toxemia, a quantifiable serum antibody response to protective antigen (PA), and lethal toxin neutralization activity. C1 [Marston, Chung K.; Gee, Jay E.; Hoffmaster, Alex R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Ibrahim, Hisham] Villages Reg Hosp, Lady Lake, FL USA. [Lee, Philip; Churchwell, George] Bur Publ Hlth Labs, Florida Dept Hlth, Jacksonville, FL USA. [Gumke, Megan; Stanek, Danielle] Bur Epidemiol, Florida Dept Hlth, Tallahassee, FL USA. [Boyer, Anne E.; Gallegos-Candela, Maribel; Barr, John R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Li, Han; Boulay, Darbi; Cronin, Li; Quinn, Conrad P.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Marston, CK (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM cdk5@cdc.gov FU Wellcome Trust FX This publication made use of the Bacillus cereus Multi Locus Sequence Typing website (http://pubmlst.org/bcereus/) developed by Keith Jolley and sited at the University of Oxford (Jolley & Maiden 2010, BMC Bioinformatics, 11:595). The development of this site has been funded by the Wellcome Trust. NR 23 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 2 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JUN 3 PY 2016 VL 11 IS 6 AR e0156987 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0156987 PG 7 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA DN8ZV UT WOS:000377369700167 PM 27257909 ER PT J AU Smith, DK Mendoza, MCB Stryker, JE Rose, CE AF Smith, Dawn K. Mendoza, Maria C. B. Stryker, Jo Ellen Rose, Charles E. TI PrEP Awareness and Attitudes in a National Survey of Primary Care Clinicians in the United States, 2009-2015 SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID PREEXPOSURE PROPHYLAXIS PREP; INJECTING DRUG-USERS; HIV-INFECTION; ANTIRETROVIRAL PROPHYLAXIS; INTERIM GUIDANCE; HEALTH-CARE; PREVENTION; KNOWLEDGE; RISK; MEN AB Objectives As trials were assessing the safety and efficacy of daily oral antiretroviral preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) for the prevention of HIV infection, there was a clear need to understand the evolution of knowledge of, and attitudes toward, PrEP among primary care clinicians. Methods Physicians and nurse practitioners were surveyed in 2009 (n = 1500), 2010 (n = 1504), 2012 (n = 1503), 2013 (n = 1507), 2014 (n = 1508) and 2015 (n = 1501) to assess their awareness of PrEP, willingness to prescribe PrEP, and whether they support use of public funds to pay for PrEP. Pharmacists (n = 251) were surveyed about PrEP in 2012 only. Descriptive statistics were computed for physician demographics and PrEP- related questions. Prevalence ratios for willingness to prescribe PrEP were computed using Poisson regression analysis. Results Awareness of PrEP was low among clinicians (2009: 24%, 2010: 29%) but increased after trials reported effectiveness (2012: 49%, 2013: 51%, 2014: 61%, 2015: 66%). Following a description of PrEP with an estimated effectiveness of 75%, across 6 of the study years 91% of clinicians indicated a willingness to prescribe PrEP to at least one group at high risk of HIV acquisition. A smaller majority of clinicians indicated support for public funding of PrEP in 2009: 59%, 2010: 53%, and 2013: 63%. Conclusions In surveys conducted before and after the release of PrEP trial results, primary care clinicians were largely unaware of PrEP. They indicated high levels of willingness to prescribe it for patients at high risk of HIV acquisition and expressed interest in education about how to deliver this new clinical HIV prevention method. It will be important to continue monitoring clinician knowledge, attitudes, and practices as the use of PrEP increases in the US. C1 [Smith, Dawn K.; Mendoza, Maria C. B.; Stryker, Jo Ellen; Rose, Charles E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Div HIV AIDS Prevent DHAP, Natl Ctr HIV Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Prevent NCH, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Smith, DK (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Div HIV AIDS Prevent DHAP, Natl Ctr HIV Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Prevent NCH, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM dsmith1@cdc.gov NR 27 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 2 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JUN 3 PY 2016 VL 11 IS 6 AR e0156592 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0156592 PG 12 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA DN8ZV UT WOS:000377369700084 PM 27258374 ER PT J AU Gottlieb, SL Deal, CD Giersing, B Rees, H Bolan, G Johnston, C Timms, P Gray-Owen, SD Jerse, AE Cameron, CE Moorthy, VS Kiarie, J Broutet, N AF Gottlieb, Sami L. Deal, Carolyn D. Giersing, Birgitte Rees, Helen Bolan, Gail Johnston, Christine Timms, Peter Gray-Owen, Scott D. Jerse, Ann E. Cameron, Caroline E. Moorthy, Vasee S. Kiarie, James Broutet, Nathalie TI The global roadmap for advancing development of vaccines against sexually transmitted infections: Update and next steps SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Sexually transmitted infections; Vaccines; STI vaccine development; Roadmap ID HERPES-SIMPLEX-VIRUS; PELVIC-INFLAMMATORY-DISEASE; TREPONEMA-PALLIDUM STRAINS; GENITAL-TRACT INFECTION; NEISSERIA-GONORRHOEAE; CHLAMYDIA-TRACHOMATIS; CHEMICAL MUTAGENESIS; SYSTEMATIC ANALYSIS; COST-EFFECTIVENESS; HIV ACQUISITION AB In 2014, the World Health Organization, the US National Institutes of Health, and global technical partners published a comprehensive roadmap for development of new vaccines against sexually transmitted infections (STIs). Since its publication, progress has been made in several roadmap activities: obtaining better epidemiologic data to establish the public health rationale for STI vaccines, modeling the theoretical impact of future vaccines, advancing basic science research, defining preferred product characteristics for first-generation vaccines, and encouraging investment in STI vaccine development. This article reviews these overarching roadmap activities, provides updates on research and development of individual vaccines against herpes simplex virus, Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, and Treponema pallidum, and discusses important next steps to advance the global roadmap for STI vaccine development. (C) 2016 World Health Organization; licensee Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.orgilicensesiby/3.0/). C1 [Gottlieb, Sami L.; Giersing, Birgitte; Moorthy, Vasee S.; Kiarie, James; Broutet, Nathalie] WHO, CH-1211 Geneva 27, Switzerland. [Deal, Carolyn D.] NIAID, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Rees, Helen] Univ Witwatersrand, Wits Reprod Hlth & HIV Inst, Johannesburg, South Africa. [Bolan, Gail] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Johnston, Christine] Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Timms, Peter] Univ Sunshine Coast, Sunshine Coast, Qld, Australia. [Timms, Peter] Queensland Univ Technol, Inst Hlth & Biomed Innovat, Brisbane, Qld 4001, Australia. [Gray-Owen, Scott D.] Univ Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada. [Jerse, Ann E.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [Cameron, Caroline E.] Univ Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada. RP Gottlieb, SL (reprint author), WHO, Dept Reprod Hlth & Res, Ave Appia 20, CH-1211 Geneva 27, Switzerland. EM gottliebs@who.int FU Agenus; Genocea; Vical; Gilead; AiCuris; Sanofi FX Drs. Gottlieb, Deal, Giersing, Rees, Bolan, Timms, Gray-Owen, Jerse, Cameron, Moorthy, Kiarie, and Broutet report no potential conflicts of interest. Dr. Johnston has conducted research at the University of Washington sponsored by the following companies as a principal or co-investigator: Agenus, Genocea, Vical, Gilead, AiCuris, and Sanofi. NR 75 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 6 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X EI 1873-2518 J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD JUN 3 PY 2016 VL 34 IS 26 SI SI BP 2939 EP 2947 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2016.03.111 PG 9 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA DP3AQ UT WOS:000378365200016 PM 27105564 ER PT J AU Harrist, A Styczynski, A Wynn, D Ansari, S Hopkin, J Rosado-Santos, H Baker, J Nakashima, A Atkinson, A Spencer, M Dean, D Teachout, L Mayer, J Condori, RE Orciari, L Wadhwa, A Ellison, J Niezgoda, M Petersen, B Wallace, R Musgrave, K AF Harrist, Alexia Styczynski, Ashley Wynn, DonRaphael Ansari, Safdar Hopkin, Justin Rosado-Santos, Harry Baker, JoDee Nakashima, Allyn Atkinson, Annette Spencer, Melanie Dean, Debbie Teachout, Leslie Mayer, Jeanmarie Condori, Rene E. Orciari, Lillian Wadhwa, Ashutosh Ellison, James Niezgoda, Michael Petersen, Brett Wallace, Ryan Musgrave, Karl TI Human Rabies - Wyoming and Utah, 2015 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Article ID DISEASE C1 [Harrist, Alexia; Styczynski, Ashley] CDC, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Salt Lake City, UT USA. [Harrist, Alexia; Musgrave, Karl] Wyoming Dept Hlth, Salt Lake City, UT USA. [Styczynski, Ashley; Condori, Rene E.; Orciari, Lillian; Wadhwa, Ashutosh; Ellison, James; Niezgoda, Michael; Petersen, Brett; Wallace, Ryan] CDC, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Poxvirus & Rabies Branch, Salt Lake City, UT USA. [Wynn, DonRaphael; Ansari, Safdar] Univ Utah, Dept Neurol, Salt Lake City, UT USA. [Hopkin, Justin; Teachout, Leslie] SageWest Hlth Care, Lander, WY USA. [Rosado-Santos, Harry] Univ Utah, Dept Internal Med, Div Infect Dis, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. [Baker, JoDee; Nakashima, Allyn; Atkinson, Annette] Utah Dept Hlth, Salt Lake City, UT USA. [Spencer, Melanie; Dean, Debbie] Salt Lake Cty Hlth Dept, Salt Lake City, UT USA. [Mayer, Jeanmarie] Univ Utah, Dept Internal Med, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. RP Harrist, A (reprint author), CDC, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Salt Lake City, UT USA.; Harrist, A (reprint author), Wyoming Dept Hlth, Salt Lake City, UT USA. EM alexia.harrist@wyo.gov NR 10 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD JUN 3 PY 2016 VL 65 IS 21 BP 529 EP 533 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DN4IL UT WOS:000377028200001 PM 27253630 ER PT J AU Li, WS Jalloh, MF Bunnell, R Aki-Sawyerr, Y Conteh, L Sengeh, P Redd, JT Hersey, S Morgan, O Jalloh, MB O'Leary, A Burdette, E Hageman, K AF Li, Wenshu Jalloh, Mohamed F. Bunnell, Rebecca Aki-Sawyerr, Yvonne Conteh, Lansana Sengeh, Paul Redd, John T. Hersey, Sara Morgan, Oliver Jalloh, Mohammad B. O'Leary, Ann Burdette, Erin Hageman, Kathy TI Public Confidence in the Health Care System 1 Year After the Start of the Ebola Virus Disease Outbreak - Sierra Leone, July 2015 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Article C1 [Li, Wenshu; Jalloh, Mohamed F.; Bunnell, Rebecca; Redd, John T.; Hersey, Sara; Morgan, Oliver] CDC, Div Global Hlth Protect, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Sengeh, Paul; Jalloh, Mohammad B.] FOCUS 1000, Freetown, Sierra Leone. [Aki-Sawyerr, Yvonne] Sierra Leone Natl Ebola Response Ctr, Freetown, Sierra Leone. [Conteh, Lansana] Sierra Leone Minist Hlth & Sanitat, Freetown, Sierra Leone. [O'Leary, Ann] CDC, Div HIV AIDS Prevent Intervent Resources & Suppor, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Burdette, Erin] CDC, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Hageman, Kathy] CDC, Div Global HIV & TB, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Li, WS (reprint author), CDC, Div Global Hlth Protect, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM kuq5@cdc.gov NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 7 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD JUN 3 PY 2016 VL 65 IS 21 BP 538 EP 542 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DN4IL UT WOS:000377028200003 PM 27254016 ER PT J AU Rabe, IB Staples, JE Villanueva, J Hummel, KB Johnson, JA Rose, L Hills, S Wasley, A Fischer, M Powers, AM AF Rabe, Ingrid B. Staples, J. Erin Villanueva, Julie Hummel, Kimberly B. Johnson, Jeffrey A. Rose, Laura Hills, Susan Wasley, Annemarie Fischer, Marc Powers, Ann M. TI Interim Guidance for Interpretation of Zika Virus Antibody Test Results SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; PERSISTENCE; INFECTION; MICRONESIA; OUTBREAK; VACCINE; YELLOW; DENGUE; WOMEN C1 [Rabe, Ingrid B.; Staples, J. Erin; Villanueva, Julie; Hummel, Kimberly B.; Johnson, Jeffrey A.; Rose, Laura; Hills, Susan; Wasley, Annemarie; Fischer, Marc; Powers, Ann M.] CDC, Zika Virus Response Epidemiol & Lab Teams, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Rabe, IB (reprint author), CDC, Zika Virus Response Epidemiol & Lab Teams, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM irabe@cdc.gov NR 23 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 6 U2 19 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD JUN 3 PY 2016 VL 65 IS 21 BP 543 EP 546 PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DN4IL UT WOS:000377028200004 PM 27254248 ER PT J AU Foster, MA Grigg, C Hagon, J Batson, PA Kim, J Choi, M Moorman, A Dean, C AF Foster, Monique A. Grigg, Cheri Hagon, Jaclyn Batson, Paige A. Kim, Janice Choi, Mary Moorman, Anne Dean, Charity TI Investigation of Hepatitis C Virus Transmission Associated with Injection Therapy for Chronic Pain - California, 2015 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Article C1 [Foster, Monique A.; Moorman, Anne] CDC, Nat Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Grigg, Cheri; Choi, Mary] CDC, Nat Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Hagon, Jaclyn; Batson, Paige A.; Dean, Charity] Santa Barbara Cty Publ Hlth Dept, Santa Barbara, CA USA. [Kim, Janice] California Dept Publ Health, Santa Barbara, CA USA. RP Foster, MA (reprint author), CDC, Nat Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM ydg9@cdc.gov NR 7 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD JUN 3 PY 2016 VL 65 IS 21 BP 547 EP 549 PG 3 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DN4IL UT WOS:000377028200005 PM 27254396 ER PT J AU Bazan, JA Peterson, AS Kirkcaldy, RD Briere, EC Maierhofer, C Turner, AN Licon, DB Parker, N Dennison, A Ervin, M Johnson, L Weberman, B Hackert, P Wang, X Kretz, CB Abrams, AJ Trees, DL Del Rio, C Stephens, DS Tzeng, YL DiOrio, M Roberts, MW AF Bazan, Jose A. Peterson, Amy S. Kirkcaldy, Robert D. Briere, Elizabeth C. Maierhofer, Courtney Turner, Abigail Norris Licon, Denisse B. Parker, Nicole Dennison, Amanda Ervin, Melissa Johnson, Laura Weberman, Barbara Hackert, Pamela Wang, Xin Kretz, Cecilia B. Abrams, A. Jeanine Trees, David L. Del Rio, Carlos Stephens, David S. Tzeng, Yih-Ling DiOrio, Mary Roberts, Mysheika Williams TI Increase in Neisseria meningitidis-Associated Urethritis Among Men at Two Sentinel Clinics - Columbus, Ohio, and Oakland County, Michigan, 2015 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Article C1 [Bazan, Jose A.; Licon, Denisse B.; Ervin, Melissa; Roberts, Mysheika Williams] Columbus Publ Hlth, Columbus, OH USA. [Bazan, Jose A.; Maierhofer, Courtney; Turner, Abigail Norris] Ohio State Univ, Coll Med, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Peterson, Amy S.] Michigan Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Pontiac, MI USA. [Kirkcaldy, Robert D.; Abrams, A. Jeanine; Trees, David L.] CDC, Div STD Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Pontiac, MI USA. [Briere, Elizabeth C.; Wang, Xin; Kretz, Cecilia B.] CDC, Div Bacterial Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Pontiac, MI USA. [Parker, Nicole; Weberman, Barbara; Hackert, Pamela] Oakland Cty Hlth Div, Pontiac, MI USA. [Dennison, Amanda; DiOrio, Mary] Ohio Dept Hlth, Ann Arbor, MI USA. [Johnson, Laura] Univ Michigan, Sch Publ Hlth, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Del Rio, Carlos; Stephens, David S.; Tzeng, Yih-Ling] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Bazan, JA (reprint author), Columbus Publ Hlth, Columbus, OH USA.; Bazan, JA (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Coll Med, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. EM jose.bazan@osumc.edu RI del Rio, Carlos/B-3763-2012 OI del Rio, Carlos/0000-0002-0153-3517 FU NIAID NIH HHS [R01 AI107116] NR 6 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD JUN 3 PY 2016 VL 65 IS 21 BP 550 EP 552 PG 3 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DN4IL UT WOS:000377028200006 PM 27254649 ER PT J AU Saint, S Greene, T Krein, SL Rogers, MAM Ratz, D Fowler, KE Edson, BS Watson, SR Meyer-Lucas, B Masuga, M Faulkner, K Gould, CV Battles, J Fakih, MG AF Saint, Sanjay Greene, Todd Krein, Sarah L. Rogers, Mary A. M. Ratz, David Fowler, Karen E. Edson, Barbara S. Watson, Sam R. Meyer-Lucas, Barbara Masuga, Marie Faulkner, Kelly Gould, Carolyn V. Battles, James Fakih, Mohamad G. TI A Program to Prevent Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infection in Acute Care SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID BLOOD-STREAM INFECTIONS; COLLABORATION; SAFETY AB BACKGROUND Catheter-associated urinary tract infection (UTI) is a common device-associated infection in hospitals. Both technical factors - appropriate catheter use, aseptic insertion, and proper maintenance - and socioadaptive factors, such as cultural and behavioral changes in hospital units, are important in preventing catheter-associated UTI. METHODS The national Comprehensive Unit-based Safety Program, funded by the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, aimed to reduce catheter-associated UTI in intensive care units (ICUs) and non-ICUs. The main program features were dissemination of information to sponsor organizations and hospitals, data collection, and guidance on key technical and socioadaptive factors in the prevention of catheter-associated UTI. Data on catheter use and catheter-associated UTI rates were collected during three phases: baseline (3 months), implementation (2 months), and sustainability (12 months). Multilevel negative binomial models were used to assess changes in catheter use and catheter-associated UTI rates. RESULTS Data were obtained from 926 units (59.7% were non-ICUs, and 40.3% were ICUs) in 603 hospitals in 32 states, the District of Columbia, and Puerto Rico. The unadjusted catheter-associated UTI rate decreased overall from 2.82 to 2.19 infections per 1000 catheterdays. In an adjusted analysis, catheter-associated UTI rates decreased from 2.40 to 2.05 infections per 1000 catheter-days (incidence rate ratio, 0.86; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.76 to 0.96; P = 0.009). Among non-ICUs, catheter use decreased from 20.1% to 18.8% (incidence rate ratio, 0.93; 95% CI, 0.90 to 0.96; P<0.001) and catheter-associated UTI rates decreased from 2.28 to 1.54 infections per 1000 catheter-days (incidence rate ratio, 0.68; 95% CI, 0.56 to 0.82; P<0.001). Catheter use and catheter-associated UTI rates were largely unchanged in ICUs. Tests for heterogeneity (ICU vs. non-ICU) were significant for catheter use (P = 0.004) and catheter-associated UTI rates (P = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS A national prevention program appears to reduce catheter use and catheter-associated UTI rates in non-ICUs. (Funded by the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality.) C1 [Saint, Sanjay; Greene, Todd; Krein, Sarah L.; Ratz, David; Fowler, Karen E.] Vet Affairs VA Ann Arbor Healthcare Syst, Hosp Outcomes Program Excellence, Ann Arbor, MI USA. [Saint, Sanjay; Greene, Todd; Krein, Sarah L.; Rogers, Mary A. M.] Univ Michigan, Sch Med, Dept Internal Med, Ann Arbor, MI USA. [Saint, Sanjay; Greene, Todd; Krein, Sarah L.; Rogers, Mary A. M.; Ratz, David; Fowler, Karen E.] VA UM Patient Safety Enhancement Program, Ann Arbor, MI USA. [Watson, Sam R.; Meyer-Lucas, Barbara; Masuga, Marie] Michigan Hlth & Hosp Assoc, Okemos, MI USA. [Fakih, Mohamad G.] St John Hosp & Med Ctr, Detroit, MI USA. [Edson, Barbara S.; Faulkner, Kelly] Hlth Res & Educ Trust, Chicago, IL USA. [Gould, Carolyn V.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Battles, James] Agcy Healthcare Res & Qual, Rockville, MD USA. RP Saint, S (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Dept Internal Med, 2800 Plymouth Rd,Bldg 16,Rm 430W, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. EM saint@med.umich.edu FU Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality FX Funded by the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. NR 29 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU MASSACHUSETTS MEDICAL SOC PI WALTHAM PA WALTHAM WOODS CENTER, 860 WINTER ST,, WALTHAM, MA 02451-1413 USA SN 0028-4793 EI 1533-4406 J9 NEW ENGL J MED JI N. Engl. J. Med. PD JUN 2 PY 2016 VL 374 IS 22 BP 2111 EP 2119 DI 10.1056/NEJMoa1504906 PG 9 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA EB2RP UT WOS:000387209900004 PM 27248619 ER PT J AU Driggers, RW Ho, CY Korhonen, EM Kuivanen, S Jaaskelainen, AJ Smura, T Rosenberg, A Hill, DA DeBiasi, RL Vezina, G Timofeev, J Rodriguez, FJ Levanov, L Razak, J Iyengar, P Hennenfent, A Kennedy, R Lanciotti, R du Plessis, A Vapalahti, O AF Driggers, R. W. Ho, C. -Y. Korhonen, E. M. Kuivanen, S. Jaaskelainen, A. J. Smura, T. Rosenberg, A. Hill, D. A. DeBiasi, R. L. Vezina, G. Timofeev, J. Rodriguez, F. J. Levanov, L. Razak, J. Iyengar, P. Hennenfent, A. Kennedy, R. Lanciotti, R. du Plessis, A. Vapalahti, O. TI Zika Virus Infection with Prolonged Maternal Viremia and Fetal Brain Abnormalities SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID TRANSMISSION AB The current outbreak of Zika virus (ZIKV) infection has been associated with an apparent increased risk of congenital microcephaly. We describe a case of a pregnant woman and her fetus infected with ZIKV during the 11th gestational week. The fetal head circumference decreased from the 47th percentile to the 24th percentile between 16 and 20 weeks of gestation. ZIKV RNA was identified in maternal serum at 16 and 21 weeks of gestation. At 19 and 20 weeks of gestation, substantial brain abnormalities were detected on ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) without the presence of microcephaly or intracranial calcifications. On postmortem analysis of the fetal brain, diffuse cerebral cortical thinning, high ZIKV RNA loads, and viral particles were detected, and ZIKV was subsequently isolated. C1 [Driggers, R. W.; Timofeev, J.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Dept Gynecol & Obstet, Div Maternal Fetal Med, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. [Rodriguez, F. J.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pathol, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. [Driggers, R. W.; Timofeev, J.; Razak, J.] Childrens Natl Hlth Syst, Sibley Mem Hosp, Div Maternal Fetal Med, Washington, DC 20010 USA. [Ho, C. -Y.; Rosenberg, A.; Hill, D. A.] Childrens Natl Hlth Syst, Div Pathol, Washington, DC USA. [Ho, C. -Y.; Rosenberg, A.; Hill, D. A.] Childrens Natl Hlth Syst, Med Genet Res Ctr, Washington, DC USA. [DeBiasi, R. L.] Childrens Natl Hlth Syst, Div Pediat Infect Dis, Washington, DC USA. [Vezina, G.] Childrens Natl Hlth Syst, Dept Diagnost Radiol & Imaging, Washington, DC USA. [du Plessis, A.] Childrens Natl Hlth Syst, Div Fetal & Transit Med, Fetal Med Inst, Washington, DC 20010 USA. [Ho, C. -Y.; Hill, D. A.] George Washington Univ, Sch Med & Hlth Sci, Dept Integrat Syst Biol, Washington, DC 20052 USA. [DeBiasi, R. L.] George Washington Univ, Sch Med & Hlth Sci, Dept Pediat & Microbiol Immunol & Trop Med, Washington, DC 20052 USA. [Vezina, G.] George Washington Univ, Sch Med & Hlth Sci, Dept Radiol & Pediat, Washington, DC 20052 USA. [Iyengar, P.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Ctr Policy Planning & Evaluat, Washington, DC USA. [Hennenfent, A.] Dist Columbia Dept Hlth, Council State & Territorial Epidemiologists CST A, Washington, DC USA. [Kennedy, R.] One Med Grp, Washington, DC USA. [Korhonen, E. M.; Kuivanen, S.; Smura, T.; Levanov, L.; Vapalahti, O.] Univ Helsinki, Dept Virol, Helsinki, Finland. [Korhonen, E. M.; Vapalahti, O.] Univ Helsinki, Dept Vet Biosci, Helsinki, Finland. [Jaaskelainen, A. J.; Vapalahti, O.] Univ Helsinki, Dept Virol & Immunol, Helsinki, Finland. [Jaaskelainen, A. J.; Vapalahti, O.] Helsinki Univ Hosp, Helsinki, Finland. [Lanciotti, R.] CDC, Arboviral Dis Branch, Div Vector Borne Dis, Natl Ctr Emerging Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Driggers, RW (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Dept Gynecol & Obstet, Div Maternal Fetal Med, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA.; Driggers, RW (reprint author), Childrens Natl Hlth Syst, Sibley Mem Hosp, Div Maternal Fetal Med, Washington, DC 20010 USA.; du Plessis, A (reprint author), Childrens Natl Hlth Syst, Div Fetal & Transit Med, Fetal Med Inst, Washington, DC 20010 USA.; Vapalahti, O (reprint author), Univ Helsinki, Dept Virol, Helsinki, Finland.; Vapalahti, O (reprint author), Univ Helsinki, Dept Vet Biosci, Helsinki, Finland.; Vapalahti, O (reprint author), Univ Helsinki, Dept Virol & Immunol, Helsinki, Finland.; Vapalahti, O (reprint author), Helsinki Univ Hosp, Helsinki, Finland. EM rdrigge1@jhmi.edu; adupless@childrensnational.org; olli.vapalahti@helsinki.fi OI Vapalahti, Olli/0000-0003-2270-6824 NR 30 TC 114 Z9 118 U1 11 U2 13 PU MASSACHUSETTS MEDICAL SOC PI WALTHAM PA WALTHAM WOODS CENTER, 860 WINTER ST,, WALTHAM, MA 02451-1413 USA SN 0028-4793 EI 1533-4406 J9 NEW ENGL J MED JI N. Engl. J. Med. PD JUN 2 PY 2016 VL 374 IS 22 BP 2142 EP 2151 DI 10.1056/NEJMoa1601824 PG 10 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA EB2RP UT WOS:000387209900007 PM 27028667 ER PT J AU Lee, T Thorpe, A Cauda, E Harper, M AF Lee, Taekhee Thorpe, Andrew Cauda, Emanuele Harper, Martin TI Calibration of high flow rate thoracic-size selective samplers SO JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENE LA English DT Article DE FSP10; GK2.69; GK4.126; sampling efficiency; thoracic-size selective sampler ID PARTICLE COLLECTION; DUST SAMPLERS; CALM AIR; AEROSOLS; PENETRATION; EFFICIENCY; QUARTZ AB High flow rate respirable size selective samplers, GK4.126 and FSP10 cyclones, were calibrated for thoracic-size selective sampling in two different laboratories. The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) utilized monodisperse ammonium fluorescein particles and scanning electron microscopy to determine the aerodynamic particle size of the monodisperse aerosol. Fluorescein intensity was measured to determine sampling efficiencies of the cyclones. The Health Safety and Laboratory (HSL) utilized a real time particle sizing instrument (Aerodynamic Particle Sizer) and polydisperse glass sphere particles and particle size distributions between the cyclone and reference sampler were compared. Sampling efficiency of the cyclones were compared to the thoracic convention defined by the American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH)/Comite Europeen de Normalisation (CEN)/International Standards Organization (ISO). The GK4.126 cyclone showed minimum bias compared to the thoracic convention at flow rates of 3.5 l min(-1) (NIOSH) and 2.7-3.3 l min(-1) (HSL) and the difference may be from the use of different test systems. In order to collect the most dust and reduce the limit of detection, HSL suggested using the upper end in range (3.3 l min(-1)). A flow rate of 3.4 l min(-1) would be a reasonable compromise, pending confirmation in other laboratories. The FSP10 cyclone showed minimum bias at the flow rate of 4.0 l min(-1) in the NIOSH laboratory test. The high flow rate thoracic-size selective samplers might be used for higher sample mass collection in order to meet analytical limits of quantification. C1 [Lee, Taekhee; Harper, Martin] NIOSH, Exposure Assessment Branch, Hlth Effects Lab Div, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1095 Willowdale Rd M-S 3030, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. [Thorpe, Andrew] Hlth & Safety Lab, Harpur Hill, Buxton, England. [Cauda, Emanuele] NIOSH, Off Mine Safety & Hlth Res, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Pittsburgh, PA USA. RP Lee, T (reprint author), NIOSH, Exposure Assessment Branch, Hlth Effects Lab Div, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1095 Willowdale Rd M-S 3030, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. EM fwc.@cdc.gov FU National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) FX This work was funded by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH). Its contents, including any opinions and/or findings/conclusions, are those of the authors alone and do not necessarily represent the official position of the Centers for Disease Control/Prevention, the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, or HSE policy. NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 4 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1545-9624 EI 1545-9632 J9 J OCCUP ENVIRON HYG JI J. Occup. Environ. Hyg. PD JUN 2 PY 2016 VL 13 IS 6 BP D93 EP D98 DI 10.1080/15459624.2016.1153804 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DH8IE UT WOS:000373035900001 PM 26891196 ER PT J AU Zhang, SS Sammon, PM King, I Andrade, AL Toscano, CM Araujo, SN Sinha, A Madhi, SA Khandaker, G Yin, JK Booy, R Huda, TM Rahman, QS El Arifeen, S Gentile, A Giglio, N Bhuiyan, MU Sturm-Ramirez, K Gessner, BD Nadjib, M Carosone-Link, PJ Simoes, EAF Child, JA Ahmed, I Bhutta, ZA Soofi, SB Khan, RJ Campbell, H Nair, H AF Zhang, Shanshan Sammon, Peter M. King, Isobel Andrade, Ana Lucia Toscano, Cristiana M. Araujo, Sheila N. Sinha, Anushua Madhi, Shabir A. Khandaker, Gulam Yin, Jiehui Kevin Booy, Robert Huda, Tanvir M. Rahman, Qazi S. El Arifeen, Shams Gentile, Angela Giglio, Norberto Bhuiyan, Mejbah U. Sturm-Ramirez, Katharine Gessner, Bradford D. Nadjib, Mardiati Carosone-Link, Phyllis J. Simoes, Eric A. F. Child, Jason A. Ahmed, Imran Bhutta, Zulfiqar A. Soofi, Sajid B. Khan, Rumana J. Campbell, Harry Nair, Harish TI Cost of management of severe pneumonia in young children: systematic analysis SO JOURNAL OF GLOBAL HEALTH LA English DT Article ID RESPIRATORY-TRACT INFECTIONS; CHILDHOOD PNEUMONIA; PNEUMOCOCCAL DISEASE; PAKISTAN; BURDEN; INTERVENTIONS; BANGLADESH; COUNTRIES; MORTALITY; INFANTS AB Background Childhood pneumonia is a major cause of childhood illness and the second leading cause of child death globally. Understanding the costs associated with the management of childhood pneumonia is essential for resource allocation and priority setting for child health. Methods We conducted a systematic review to identify studies reporting data on the cost of management of pneumonia in children younger than 5 years old. We collected unpublished cost data on non-severe, severe and very severe pneumonia through collaboration with an international working group. We extracted data on cost per episode, duration of hospital stay and unit cost of interventions for the management of pneumonia. The mean (95% confidence interval, CI) and median (interquartile range, IQR) treatment costs were estimated and reported where appropriate. Results We identified 24 published studies eligible for inclusion and supplemented these with data from 10 unpublished studies. The 34 studies included in the cost analysis contained data on more than 95 000 children with pneumonia from both low-and-middle income countries (LMIC) and high-income countries (HIC) covering all 6 WHO regions. The total cost (per episode) for management of severe pneumonia was US$ 4.3 (95% CI 1.5-8.7), US$ 51.7 (95% CI 17.491.0) and US$ 242.7 (95% CI 153.6-341.4)-559.4 (95% CI 268.9-886.3) in community, out-patient facilities and different levels of hospital in-patient settings in LMIC. Direct medical cost for severe pneumonia in hospital inpatient settings was estimated to be 26.6%-115.8% of patients' monthly household income in LMIC. The mean direct non-medical cost and indirect cost for severe pneumonia management accounted for 0.5-31% of weekly household income. The mean length of stay (LOS) in hospital for children with severe pneumonia was 5.8 (IQR 5.3-6.4) and 7.7 (IQR 5.5-9.9) days in LMIC and HIC respectively for these children. Conclusion This is the most comprehensive review to date of cost data from studies on the management of childhood pneumonia and these data should be helpful for health services planning and priority setting by national programmes and international agencies. C1 [Zhang, Shanshan; Sammon, Peter M.; King, Isobel; Campbell, Harry; Nair, Harish] Univ Edinburgh, Usher Inst Populat Hlth Sci & Informat, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland. [Zhang, Shanshan] Peking Univ, Sch & Hosp Stomatol, Dept Prevent Dent, Beijing, Peoples R China. [King, Isobel] NHS Grampian, Grampian, England. [Andrade, Ana Lucia; Toscano, Cristiana M.; Araujo, Sheila N.] Univ Fed Goias, Dept Community Hlth, Goias, Go, Brazil. [Araujo, Sheila N.] Univ Estadual Maranhao, Sao Luis, MA, Brazil. [Sinha, Anushua] Rutgers State Univ, New Jersey Med Sch, Newark, NJ USA. [Madhi, Shabir A.] Univ Witwatersrand, Fac Hlth Sci, Resp & Meningeal Pathogens Res Unit, Med Res Council, Johannesburg, South Africa. [Madhi, Shabir A.] Univ Witwatersrand, Vaccine Preventable Dis, Dept Sci & Technol, Natl Res Fdn, Johannesburg, South Africa. [Khandaker, Gulam; Yin, Jiehui Kevin; Booy, Robert] Childrens Hosp Westmead, Natl Ctr Immunisat Res & Surveillance, Westmead, NSW, Australia. [Khandaker, Gulam; Yin, Jiehui Kevin; Booy, Robert] Univ Sydney, Fac Med, Sydney Sch Publ Hlth, Sydney, NSW, Australia. [Huda, Tanvir M.; Rahman, Qazi S.; El Arifeen, Shams] Icddr B, Ctr Child & Adolescent Hlth, Dhaka, Bangladesh. [Huda, Tanvir M.] Univ Sydney, Sydney Med Sch, Sch Publ Hlth, Sydney, NSW, Australia. [Gentile, Angela; Giglio, Norberto] Univ Buenos Aires, Ricardo Gutierrez Children Hosp, Dept Epidemiol, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. [Bhuiyan, Mejbah U.; Sturm-Ramirez, Katharine] Icddr B, Ctr Communicable Dis, Dhaka, Bangladesh. [Sturm-Ramirez, Katharine] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Gessner, Bradford D.; Carosone-Link, Phyllis J.] Agence Med Prevent, Paris, France. [Nadjib, Mardiati] Univ Indonesia, Fac Publ Hlth, Jakarta, Indonesia. [Simoes, Eric A. F.] Univ Colorado, Sch Med, Infect Dis Sect, Dept Pediat, Denver, CO 80202 USA. [Simoes, Eric A. F.] Colorado Sch Publ Hlth, Ctr Global Hlth, Aurora, CO USA. [Child, Jason A.] Colorado Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Aurora, CO USA. [Ahmed, Imran; Bhutta, Zulfiqar A.] Childrens Hosp Colorado, Dept Pharm, Aurora, CO USA. [Soofi, Sajid B.] Aga Khan Univ, Ctr Excellence Women & Child Hlth, Karachi, Pakistan. [Khan, Rumana J.] Aga Khan Univ, Dept Paediat & Child Hlth, Karachi, Pakistan. [Nair, Harish] BRAC Univ, James P Grant Sch Publ Hlth, Dhaka, Bangladesh. [Huda, Tanvir M.] Publ Hlth Fdn India, New Delhi, India. RP Nair, H (reprint author), Univ Edinburgh, Usher Inst Populat Hlth Sci & Informat, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland.; Nair, H (reprint author), BRAC Univ, James P Grant Sch Publ Hlth, Dhaka, Bangladesh. EM harish.nair@ed.ac.uk RI Nair, Harish/E-7431-2010 OI Nair, Harish/0000-0002-9432-9100 FU WHO Maternal, Newborn, Child and Adolescent Health division; China Scholarship Council; Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation [OPP 1096225] FX Shanshan Zhang is supported by WHO Maternal, Newborn, Child and Adolescent Health division and China Scholarship Council. Harish Nair and Harry Campbell received funding support from WHO Maternal, Newborn, Child and Adolescent Health division and Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation (OPP 1096225). NR 36 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV EDINBURGH, GLOBAL HEALTH SOC PI EDINBURGH PA CENTRE POPULATION HEALTH SCIENCES, TEVIOT PL, EDINBURGH, EH8 9AG, ENGLAND SN 2047-2978 EI 2047-2986 J9 J GLOB HEALTH JI J. Glob. Health PD JUN PY 2016 VL 6 IS 1 AR 010408 DI 10.7189/jogh.06.010408 PG 15 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA EO8YM UT WOS:000396976400016 PM 27231544 ER PT J AU Dawood, FS Fry, AM Goswami, D Sharmeen, A Nahar, K Anjali, BA Rahman, M Brooks, WA AF Dawood, Fatimah S. Fry, Alicia M. Goswami, Doli Sharmeen, Amina Nahar, Kamrun Anjali, Bilkis Ara Rahman, Mustafizur Brooks, W. Abdullah TI Incidence and Characteristics of Early Childhood Wheezing, Dhaka, Bangladesh, 2004-2010 SO PEDIATRIC PULMONOLOGY LA English DT Article DE asthma and early wheeze; epidemiology; infections; pneumonia; viral; international health ID 1ST 6 YEARS; RESPIRATORY SYNCYTIAL VIRUS; BIRTH COHORT; EARLY-LIFE; AIRWAY RESPONSIVENESS; YOUNG-CHILDREN; AGE 7; ASTHMA; PREVALENCE; URBAN AB Background: Early childhood wheezing substantially impacts quality of life in high-income countries, but data are sparse on early childhood wheezing in low-income countries. We estimate wheezing incidence, describe wheezing phenotypes, and explore the contribution of respiratory viral illnesses among children aged <5 years in urban Bangladesh. Methods: During 2004-2010, respiratory illness surveillance was conducted through weekly home visits. Children with fever or respiratory illness were referred for examination by study physicians including lung auscultation. During 2005-2007, every fifth referred child had nasal washes tested for human metapneumovirus, respiratory syncytial viruses, and influenza and parainfluenza viruses. Results: During April 2004-July 2010, 23,609 children were enrolled in surveillance. Of these, 11,912 (50%) were male, median age at enrollment was 20 months (IQR 5-38), and 4,711 (20%) had >= 1 wheezing episode accounting for 8,901 episodes (733 [8%] associated with hospitalization); 25% wheezed at <1 year of age. Among children aged <5 years, incidences of wheezing and wheezing hospitalizations were 2,335/10,000 and 192/10,000 child-years. Twenty-eight percent had recurrent wheezing. Recurrent versus non-recurrent wheezing episodes were more likely to be associated with oxygen saturation <93% (OR 6.9, 95% CI 2.8-17.3), increased work of breathing (OR 1.6, 95% CI 1.4-1.8), and hospitalization (OR 2.0, 95% CI 1.6-2.4). Respiratory viruses were detected in 66% (578/873) of episodes with testing. Conclusion: In urban Bangladesh, early childhood wheezing is common and largely associated with respiratory virus infections. Recurrent wheezing is associated with more severe illness and may predict children who would benefit most from closer follow-up and targeted interventions. (C) 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 [Dawood, Fatimah S.; Fry, Alicia M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, 1600 Clifton Rd MS A-32, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Goswami, Doli; Sharmeen, Amina; Nahar, Kamrun; Anjali, Bilkis Ara; Rahman, Mustafizur; Brooks, W. Abdullah] Int Ctr Diarrhoeal Dis Res, Dhaka, Bangladesh. [Brooks, W. Abdullah] Johns Hopkins Univ, Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA. RP Dawood, FS (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, 1600 Clifton Rd MS A-32, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM fdawood@cdc.gov NR 38 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 8755-6863 EI 1099-0496 J9 PEDIATR PULM JI Pediatr. Pulmonol. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 51 IS 6 BP 588 EP 595 DI 10.1002/ppul.23343 PG 8 WC Pediatrics; Respiratory System SC Pediatrics; Respiratory System GA EL1AH UT WOS:000394352400008 PM 26613245 ER PT J AU Holmes, CB King, BA Babb, SD AF Holmes, Carissa Baker King, Brian A. Babb, Stephen D. TI Stuck in Neutral: Stalled Progress in Statewide Comprehensive Smoke-Free Laws and Cigarette Excise Taxes, United States, 2000-2014 SO PREVENTING CHRONIC DISEASE LA English DT Article AB Introduction Increasing tobacco excise taxes and implementing comprehensive smoke-free laws are two of the most effective population-level strategies to reduce tobacco use, prevent tobacco use initiation, and protect nonsmokers from secondhand smoke. We examined state laws related to smoke-free buildings and to cigarette excise taxes from 2000 through 2014 to see how implementation of these laws from 2000 through 2009 differs from implementation in more recent years (2010-2014). Methods We used legislative data from LexisNexis, an online legal research database, to examine changes in statewide smoke-free laws and cigarette excise taxes in effect from January 1, 2000, through December 31, 2014. A comprehensive smoke-free law was defined as a statewide law prohibiting smoking in all indoor areas of private work sites, restaurants, and bars. Results From 2000 through 2009, 21 states and the District of Columbia implemented comprehensive smoke-free laws prohibiting smoking in work sites, restaurants, and bars. In 2010, 4 states implemented comprehensive smoke-free laws. The last state to implement a comprehensive smoke-free law was North Dakota in 2012, bringing the total number to 26 states and the District of Columbia. From 2000 through 2009, 46 states and the District of Columbia implemented laws increasing their cigarette excise tax, which increased the national average state excise tax rate by $ 0.92. However, from 2010 through 2014, only 14 states and the District of Columbia increased their excise tax, which increased the national average state excise tax rate by $ 0.20. Conclusion The recent stall in progress in enacting and implementing statewide comprehensive smoke-free laws and increasing cigarette excise taxes may undermine tobacco prevention and control efforts in the United States, undercutting efforts to reduce tobacco use, exposure to secondhand smoke, health disparities, and tobacco-related illness and death. C1 [Holmes, Carissa Baker; King, Brian A.; Babb, Stephen D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Off Smoking & Hlth, 4770 Buford Highway NE,Mailstop F-79, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Holmes, CB (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Off Smoking & Hlth, 4770 Buford Highway NE,Mailstop F-79, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM CBHolmes@cdc.gov NR 30 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1545-1151 J9 PREV CHRONIC DIS JI Prev. Chronic Dis. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 13 AR E80 DI 10.5888/pcd13.150409 PG 13 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA EJ3IH UT WOS:000393105300009 PM 27309417 ER PT J AU Koo, D O'Carroll, PW Harris, A DeSalvo, KB AF Koo, Denise O'Carroll, Patrick W. Harris, Andrea DeSalvo, Karen B. TI An Environmental Scan of Recent Initiatives Incorporating Social Determinants in Public Health SO PREVENTING CHRONIC DISEASE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Koo, Denise] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, US Publ Hlth Serv, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS D28, Atlanta, GA 30029 USA. [O'Carroll, Patrick W.] US PHS, Off Assistant Secretary Hlth, US Dept HHS, Seattle, WA USA. [Harris, Andrea] US Dept HHS, Off Assistant Secretary Hlth, Washington, DC 20201 USA. [DeSalvo, Karen B.] US Dept HHS, Hlth, Washington, DC 20201 USA. RP Koo, D (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, US Publ Hlth Serv, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS D28, Atlanta, GA 30029 USA. EM DXK1@cdc.gov NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1545-1151 J9 PREV CHRONIC DIS JI Prev. Chronic Dis. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 13 AR E86 DI 10.5888/pcd13.160248 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA EJ3IH UT WOS:000393105300015 PM 27362934 ER PT J AU Jentes, ES Lash, RR Johansson, MA Sharp, TM Henry, R Brady, OJ Sotir, MJ Hay, SI Margolis, HS Brunette, GW AF Jentes, Emily S. Lash, R. Ryan Johansson, Michael A. Sharp, Tyler M. Henry, Ronnie Brady, Oliver J. Sotir, Mark J. Hay, Simon I. Margolis, Harold S. Brunette, Gary W. TI Evidence-based risk assessment and communication: a new global dengue-risk map for travellers and clinicians SO JOURNAL OF TRAVEL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE Dengue; clinical guidance; epidemiology; risk maps ID VIRUS-INFECTION; KENYA; FEVER AB Background: International travel can expose travellers to pathogens not commonly found in their countries of residence, like dengue virus. Travellers and the clinicians who advise and treat them have unique needs for understanding the geographic extent of risk for dengue. Specifically, they should assess the need for prevention measures before travel and ensure appropriate treatment of illness post-travel. Previous dengue-risk maps published in the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Yellow Book lacked specificity, as there was a binary ( risk, no risk) classification. We developed a process to compile evidence, evaluate it and apply more informative risk classifications. Methods: We collected more than 839 observations from official reports, ProMED reports and published scientific research for the period 2005-2014. We classified each location as frequent/continuous risk if there was evidence of more than 10 dengue cases in at least three of the previous 10 years. For locations that did not fit this criterion, we classified locations as sporadic/uncertain risk if the location had evidence of at least one locally acquired dengue case during the last 10 years. We used expert opinion in limited instances to augment available data in areas where data were sparse. Results: Initial categorizations classified 134 areas as frequent/continuous and 140 areas as sporadic/uncertain. CDC subject matter experts reviewed all initial frequent/continuous and sporadic/uncertain categorizations and the previously uncategorized areas. From this review, most categorizations stayed the same; however, 11 categorizations changed from the initial determinations. Conclusions: These new risk classifications enable detailed consideration of dengue risk, with clearer meaning and a direct link to the evidence that supports the specific classification. Since many infectious diseases have dynamic risk, strong geographical heterogeneities and varying data quality and availability, using this approach for other diseases can improve the accuracy, clarity and transparency of risk communication. C1 [Jentes, Emily S.; Lash, R. Ryan; Henry, Ronnie; Sotir, Mark J.; Brunette, Gary W.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Div Global Migrat & Quarantine, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS E-03, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Johansson, Michael A.; Sharp, Tyler M.; Margolis, Harold S.] CDC, Div Vector Borne Dis, San Juan, PR 00920 USA. [Brady, Oliver J.] London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, Ctr Math Modelling Infect Dis, London, England. [Brady, Oliver J.] London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, Dept Infect Dis Epidemiol, London, England. [Brady, Oliver J.; Hay, Simon I.] Li Ka Shing Ctr Hlth Informat & Discovery, Oxford Big Data Inst, Oxford OX3 7BN, England. [Hay, Simon I.] Univ Washington, Inst Hlth Metr & Evaluat, 2301 Fifth Ave,Suite 600, Seattle, WA 98121 USA. RP Jentes, ES (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Div Global Migrat & Quarantine, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS E-03, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM ejentes@cdc.gov OI Hay, Simon/0000-0002-0611-7272 FU Wellcome Trust [095066]; Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation [OPP1119467, OPP1093011, OPP1106023, OPP1132415]; International Research Consortium on Dengue Risk Assessment Management and Surveillance (IDAMS; European Commission 7th Framework Programme) [21803] FX S.I.H. was funded by a Senior Research Fellowship from the Wellcome Trust (#095066), and grants from the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation (OPP1119467, OPP1093011, OPP1106023 and OPP1132415). S.I.H. would also like to acknowledge funding support from the International Research Consortium on Dengue Risk Assessment Management and Surveillance (IDAMS; European Commission 7th Framework Programme (21803)). O.J.B. is also supported by funding from the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation (OPP1119467). NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1195-1982 EI 1708-8305 J9 J TRAVEL MED JI J. Travel Med. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 23 IS 6 DI 10.1093/jtm/taw062 PG 5 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA EJ2UE UT WOS:000393066100011 ER PT J AU Lim, M Kamili, S Greene, T Tejada-Strop, A Drobeniuc, J Vanderveen, M Bloom, R AF Lim, M. Kamili, S. Greene, T. Tejada-Strop, A. Drobeniuc, J. Vanderveen, M. Bloom, R. TI Hepatitis E Virus (HEV) Infection Among Kidney Transplant Patients in a Northeast US Center. SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TRANSPLANTATION LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT American Transplant Congress CY JUN 11-15, 2016 CL Boston, MA C1 [Lim, M.; Vanderveen, M.; Bloom, R.] Perelman Sch Med, Div Nephrol, Philadelphia, PA USA. [Kamili, S.; Greene, T.; Tejada-Strop, A.; Drobeniuc, J.] CDC, Div Viral Hepatitis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1600-6135 EI 1600-6143 J9 AM J TRANSPLANT JI Am. J. Transplant. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 16 SU 3 SI SI MA 263 BP 296 EP 296 PG 1 WC Surgery; Transplantation SC Surgery; Transplantation GA DW1AB UT WOS:000383373902264 ER PT J AU Siegel, KR Bullard, KM Ali, MK Stein, AD Kahn, HS Mehta, NK Girard, AW Narayan, KV Imperatore, G AF Siegel, Karen R. Bullard, Kai McKeever Ali, Mohammed K. Stein, Aryeh D. Kahn, Henry S. Mehta, Neil K. Girard, Amy Webb Narayan, Km Venkat Imperatore, Giuseppina TI The contribution of subsidized food commodities to total energy intake among US adults SO PUBLIC HEALTH NUTRITION LA English DT Article DE Dietary intake; Subsidized food commodities; Obesity; Diabetes; National Health and Nutrition; Examination Surveys ID PROCESSED MEAT CONSUMPTION; POLICY IMPLICATIONS; HEART-DISEASE; OBESITY; RISK; HEALTH; METAANALYSIS; ASSOCIATION; COHORT; STROKE AB Objective: The contribution of subsidized food commodities to total food consumption is unknown. We estimated the proportion of individual energy intake from food commodities receiving the largest subsidies from 1995 to 2010 (corn, soyabeans, wheat, rice, sorghum, dairy and livestock). Design: Integrating information from three federal databases (MyPyramid Equivalents, Food Intakes Converted to Retail Commodities, and What We Eat in America) with data from the 2001-2006 National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys, we computed a Subsidy Score representing the percentage of total energy intake from subsidized commodities. We examined the score's distribution and the probability of having a 'high' (>= 70th percentile) v. 'low' (<= 30th percentile) score, across the population and subgroups, using multivariate logistic regression. Setting: Community-dwelling adults in the USA. Subjects: Participants (n 11 811) aged 18-64 years. Results: Median Subsidy Score was 56.7 % (interquartile range 47.2-65.4 %). Younger, less educated, poorer, and Mexican Americans had higher scores. After controlling for covariates, age, education and income remained independently associated with the score: compared with individuals aged 55-64 years, individuals aged 18-24 years had a 50 % higher probability of having a high score (P<0.0001). Individuals reporting less than high-school education had 21 % higher probability of having a high score than individuals reporting college completion or higher (P = 0.003); individuals in the lowest tertile of income had an 11 % higher probability of having a high score compared with individuals in the highest tertile (P = 0.02). Conclusions: Over 50 % of energy in US diets is derived from federally subsidized commodities. C1 [Siegel, Karen R.; Bullard, Kai McKeever; Ali, Mohammed K.; Kahn, Henry S.; Imperatore, Giuseppina] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Diabet Translat, 4770 Buford Highway, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Siegel, Karen R.; Ali, Mohammed K.; Stein, Aryeh D.; Mehta, Neil K.; Girard, Amy Webb; Narayan, Km Venkat] Emory Univ, Hubert Dept Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Ali, Mohammed K.; Stein, Aryeh D.; Girard, Amy Webb; Narayan, Km Venkat] Emory Univ, Laney Grad Sch, Nutr & Hlth Sci, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. RP Siegel, KR (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Diabet Translat, 4770 Buford Highway, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA.; Siegel, KR (reprint author), Emory Univ, Hubert Dept Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. EM yuo0@cdc.gov FU Graduate Division of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Laney Graduate School, Emory University FX This work was supported by the Graduate Division of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Laney Graduate School, Emory University. The Laney Graduate School had no role in the design, analysis, or writing of this article. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 42 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 4 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA EDINBURGH BLDG, SHAFTESBURY RD, CB2 8RU CAMBRIDGE, ENGLAND SN 1368-9800 EI 1475-2727 J9 PUBLIC HEALTH NUTR JI Public Health Nutr. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 19 IS 8 BP 1348 EP 1357 DI 10.1017/S1368980015002414 PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nutrition & Dietetics GA DS6NJ UT WOS:000380898400002 PM 26322920 ER PT J AU Assiri, AM Biggs, HM Abedi, GR Lu, XY Bin Saeed, A Abdalla, O Mohammed, M Al-Abdely, HM Algarni, HS Alhakeem, RF Almasri, MM Alsharef, AA Nooh, R Erdman, DD Gerber, SI Watson, JT AF Assiri, Abdullah M. Biggs, Holly M. Abedi, Glen R. Lu, Xiaoyan Bin Saeed, Abdulaziz Abdalla, Osman Mohammed, Mutaz Al-Abdely, Hail M. Algarni, Homoud S. Alhakeem, Raafat F. Almasri, Malak M. Alsharef, Ali A. Nooh, Randa Erdman, Dean D. Gerber, Susan I. Watson, John T. TI Increase in Middle East Respiratory Syndrome-Coronavirus Cases in Saudi Arabia Linked to Hospital Outbreak With Continued Circulation of Recombinant Virus, July 1-August 31, 2015 SO OPEN FORUM INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article DE coronavirus infections; disease outbreaks; infectious disease transmission; Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus; Saudi Arabia ID HUMANS AB During July-August 2015, the number of cases of Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) reported from Saudi Arabia increased dramatically. We reviewed the 143 confirmed cases from this period and classified each based upon likely transmission source. We found that the surge in cases resulted predominantly (90%) from secondary transmission largely attributable to an outbreak at a single healthcare facility in Riyadh. Genome sequencing of MERS coronavirus from 6 cases demonstrated continued circulation of the recently described recombinant virus. A single unique frameshift deletion in open reading frame 5 was detected in the viral sequence from 1 case. C1 [Assiri, Abdullah M.; Bin Saeed, Abdulaziz; Abdalla, Osman; Mohammed, Mutaz; Al-Abdely, Hail M.; Algarni, Homoud S.; Alhakeem, Raafat F.; Almasri, Malak M.; Alsharef, Ali A.; Nooh, Randa] Minist Hlth, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. [Biggs, Holly M.; Abedi, Glen R.; Lu, Xiaoyan; Erdman, Dean D.; Gerber, Susan I.; Watson, John T.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Bin Saeed, Abdulaziz] King Saud Univ, Dept Family & Community Med, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. RP Biggs, HM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM hbiggs@cdc.gov NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 2328-8957 J9 OPEN FORUM INFECT DI JI Open Forum Infect. Dis. PD SUM PY 2016 VL 3 IS 3 DI 10.1093/ofid/ofw165 PG 5 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA ED0YZ UT WOS:000388571700005 ER PT J AU Blain, AE Mandal, S Wu, H MacNeil, JR Harrison, LH Farley, MM Lynfield, R Miller, L Nichols, M Petit, S Reingold, A Schaffner, W Thomas, A Zansky, SM Anderson, R Harcourt, BH Mayer, LW Clark, TA Cohn, AC AF Blain, Amy E. Mandal, Sema Wu, Henry MacNeil, Jessica R. Harrison, Lee H. Farley, Monica M. Lynfield, Ruth Miller, Lisa Nichols, Megin Petit, Sue Reingold, Arthur Schaffner, William Thomas, Ann Zansky, Shelley M. Anderson, Raydel Harcourt, Brian H. Mayer, Leonard W. Clark, Thomas A. Cohn, Amanda C. TI Penicillin Use in Meningococcal Disease Management: Active Bacterial Core Surveillance Sites, 2009 SO OPEN FORUM INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article DE antimicrobial resistance; meningitis; meningococcal disease; Neisseria meningitidis AB In 2009, in the Active Bacterial Core surveillance sites, penicillin was not commonly used to treat meningococcal disease. This is likely because of inconsistent availability of antimicrobial susceptibility testing and ease of use of third-generation cephalosporins. Consideration of current practices may inform future meningococcal disease management guidelines. C1 [Blain, Amy E.; Mandal, Sema; Wu, Henry; MacNeil, Jessica R.; Anderson, Raydel; Harcourt, Brian H.; Mayer, Leonard W.; Clark, Thomas A.; Cohn, Amanda C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Bacterial Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Harrison, Lee H.] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Int Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA. [Farley, Monica M.] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Farley, Monica M.] Atlanta VA Med Ctr, Decatur, GA USA. [Lynfield, Ruth] Minnesota Dept Hlth, St Paul, MN USA. [Miller, Lisa] Colorado Dept Publ Hlth & Environm, Denver, CO USA. [Nichols, Megin] New Mexico Dept Hlth, Santa Fe, NM USA. [Petit, Sue] Connecticut Dept Publ Hlth, Hartford, CT USA. [Reingold, Arthur] Univ Calif Berkeley, Sch Publ Hlth, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Schaffner, William] Vanderbilt Univ, Sch Med, Dept Prevent Med, Nashville, TN 37212 USA. [Thomas, Ann] Oregon Dept Human Serv, Portland, OR USA. [Zansky, Shelley M.] New York State Dept Hlth, Albany, NY 12237 USA. RP Blain, AE (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS C-25, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM ablain@cdc.gov NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 2328-8957 J9 OPEN FORUM INFECT DI JI Open Forum Infect. Dis. PD SUM PY 2016 VL 3 IS 3 DI 10.1093/ofid/ofw152 PG 3 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA ED0YZ UT WOS:000388571700009 ER PT J AU Boileau, M Ferreira, J Ahmad, I Lavallee, C Qvarnstrom, Y Dufresne, SF AF Boileau, Melissa Ferreira, Jose Ahmad, Imran Lavallee, Christian Qvarnstrom, Yvonne Dufresne, Simon F. TI Successful Treatment of Disseminated Anncaliia algerae Microsporidial Infection With Combination Fumagillin and Albendazole SO OPEN FORUM INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Anncaliia algerae; fumagillin; immunocompromised; microsporidiosis; myositis ID BRACHIOLA-ALGERAE; IN-VITRO; MYOSITIS; TNP-470 AB Anncaliia algerae myositis is a life-threatening, emerging microsporidiosis among immunocompromised hosts. We report a case of disseminated A algerae infection in a man previously treated with alemtuzumab. Due to failure of albendazole-based therapy, fumagillin was added as a novel approach to management, with a good clinical response and patient survival. C1 [Boileau, Melissa; Ahmad, Imran] Univ Montreal, Hop Maison Neuve Rosemont, Dept Hematol Oncol, Montreal, PQ H3C 3J7, Canada. [Ferreira, Jose] Univ Montreal, Hop Maison Neuve Rosemont, Dept Pathol, Montreal, PQ H3C 3J7, Canada. [Lavallee, Christian; Dufresne, Simon F.] Univ Montreal, Hop Maison Neuve Rosemont, Dept Infect Dis & Med Microbiol, Montreal, PQ H3C 3J7, Canada. [Qvarnstrom, Yvonne] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Dufresne, SF (reprint author), Hop Maison Neuve Rosemont, Dept Infect Dis & Med Microbiol, 5415 Boul Assompt, Montreal, PQ H1T 2M4, Canada. EM sf.dufresne@umontreal.ca NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 2328-8957 J9 OPEN FORUM INFECT DI JI Open Forum Infect. Dis. PD SUM PY 2016 VL 3 IS 3 DI 10.1093/ofid/ofw158 PG 4 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA ED0YZ UT WOS:000388571700010 ER PT J AU Hampton, LM Garrison, L Kattan, J Brown, E Kozak-Muiznieks, NA Lucas, C Fields, B Fitzpatrick, N Sapian, L Martin-Escobar, T Waterman, S Hicks, LA Alpuche-Aranda, C Lopez-Gatell, H AF Hampton, Lee M. Garrison, Laurel Kattan, Jessica Brown, Ellen Kozak-Muiznieks, Natalia A. Lucas, Claressa Fields, Barry Fitzpatrick, Nicole Sapian, Luis Martin-Escobar, Teresa Waterman, Stephen Hicks, Lauri A. Alpuche-Aranda, Celia Lopez-Gatell, Hugo TI Legionnaires' Disease Outbreak at a Resort in Cozumel, Mexico SO OPEN FORUM INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article DE community-acquired pneumonia; legionellosis; Legionnaires' disease ID SEQUENCE-BASED SCHEME; LEGIONELLA-PNEUMOPHILA; UNITED-STATES; EPIDEMIOLOGY; GUIDELINES; PNEUMONIA; ADULTS AB Background. A Legionnaires' disease (LD) outbreak at a resort on Cozumel Island in Mexico was investigated by a joint Mexico-United States team in 2010. This is the first reported LD outbreak in Mexico, where LD is not a reportable disease. Methods. Reports of LD among travelers were solicited from US health departments and the European Working Group for Legionella Infections. Records from the resort and Cozumel Island health facilities were searched for possible LD cases. In April 2010, the resort was searched for possible Legionella exposure sources. The temperature and total chlorine of the water at 38 sites in the resort were measured, and samples from those sites were tested for Legionella. Results. Nine travelers became ill with laboratory-confirmed LD within 2 weeks of staying at the resort between May 2008 and April 2010. The resort and its potable water system were the only common exposures. No possible LD cases were identified among resort workers. Legionellae were found to have extensively colonized the resort's potable water system. Legionellae matching a case isolate were found in the resort's potable water system. Conclusions. Medical providers should test for LD when treating community-acquired pneumonia that is severe or affecting patients who traveled in the 2 weeks before the onset of symptoms. When an LD outbreak is detected, the source should be identified and then aggressively remediated. Because LD can occur in tropical and temperate areas, all countries should consider making LD a reportable disease if they have not already done so. C1 [Hampton, Lee M.; Kattan, Jessica] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Sci Educ & Profess Dev Program Off, Atlanta, GA USA. [Hampton, Lee M.; Garrison, Laurel; Brown, Ellen; Kozak-Muiznieks, Natalia A.; Lucas, Claressa; Hicks, Lauri A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Bacterial Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Fields, Barry] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global Hlth Protect, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Fitzpatrick, Nicole; Waterman, Stephen] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global Migrat & Quarantine, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Kattan, Jessica] Connecticut Dept Publ Hlth, Hartford, CT USA. [Sapian, Luis] Inst Diagnost & Referencia Epidemiol, Mexico City, DF, Mexico. [Martin-Escobar, Teresa] Lab Estatal Salud Publ Quintana Roo, Chetmal, Mexico. [Alpuche-Aranda, Celia; Lopez-Gatell, Hugo] Inst Nacl Salud Publ, Ctr Invest Enfermedades Infecciosas, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico. RP Hampton, LM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS A-4, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM lhampton@cdc.gov NR 30 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 2328-8957 J9 OPEN FORUM INFECT DI JI Open Forum Infect. Dis. PD SUM PY 2016 VL 3 IS 3 DI 10.1093/ofid/ofw170 PG 6 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA ED0YZ UT WOS:000388571700030 ER PT J AU Hussain, CK de Man, TJB Toney, NC Kamboj, K Balada-Llasat, JM Wang, SH AF Hussain, Cory K. de Man, Tom J. B. Toney, Nadege C. Kamboj, Kamal Balada-Llasat, Joan-Miquel Wang, Shu-Hua TI A Novel Rapidly Growing Mycobacterium Species Causing an Abdominal Cerebrospinal Fluid Pseudocyst Infection SO OPEN FORUM INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article DE abdominal; pseudocyst; ventriculoperitoneal; cerebrospinal; Mycobacterium ID VENTRICULOPERITONEAL SHUNT INFECTION; IDENTIFICATION; FORTUITUM; ALIGNMENT AB Nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are a rare cause of ventriculoperitoneal shunt infections. We describe the isolation and identification of a novel, rapidly growing, nonpigmented NTM from an abdominal cerebrospinal fluid pseudocyst. The patient presented with fevers, nausea, and abdominal pain and clinically improved after shunt removal. NTM identification was performed by amplicon and whole-genome sequencing. C1 [Hussain, Cory K.; Wang, Shu-Hua] Ohio State Univ, Dept Internal Med, Div Infect Dis, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Kamboj, Kamal; Balada-Llasat, Joan-Miquel] Ohio State Univ, Dept Pathol, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [de Man, Tom J. B.; Toney, Nadege C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Clin & Environm Microbiol Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Hussain, CK (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Wexner Med Ctr, 410 10th Ave,N1137 Doan Hall, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. EM cory.hussain@osumc.edu NR 22 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 2328-8957 J9 OPEN FORUM INFECT DI JI Open Forum Infect. Dis. PD SUM PY 2016 VL 3 IS 3 DI 10.1093/ofid/ofw146 PG 4 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA ED0YZ UT WOS:000388571700033 ER PT J AU Kobayashi, M Shapiro, DJ Hersh, AL Sanchez, GV Hicks, LA AF Kobayashi, Miwako Shapiro, Daniel J. Hersh, Adam L. Sanchez, Guillermo V. Hicks, Lauri A. TI Outpatient Antibiotic Prescribing Practices for Uncomplicated Urinary Tract Infection in Women in the United States, 2002-2011 SO OPEN FORUM INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article DE adverse drug event; fluoroquinolone; outpatient antibiotic stewardship; uncomplicated urinary tract infection ID CLOSTRIDIUM-DIFFICILE INFECTION; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; PRIMARY-CARE; ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE; AMBULATORY-CARE; US OUTPATIENTS; GUIDELINES; FLUOROQUINOLONES; PYELONEPHRITIS; NITROFURANTOIN AB Background. Urinary tract infection (UTI) is one of the most common diagnoses leading to an antibiotic prescription for women seeking ambulatory care. Understanding current national outpatient antibiotic prescribing practices will help ongoing stewardship efforts to optimize antibiotic use; however, information on recent national outpatient antibiotic prescribing trends for UTI is limited. Methods. We analyzed the National Ambulatory Medical Care and National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey datasets from 2002 to 2011. Outpatient visits of women aged >= 18 years with a diagnosis of uncomplicated UTI were included for analysis. We conducted weighted descriptive analyses, examined time trends in antibiotic prescribing, and used multivariable logistic regression to identify patient and provider factors associated with fluoroquinolone prescribing. Results. A total of 7111 visits were identified. Eighty percent of visits resulted in an antibiotic prescription; fluoroquinolones were the most frequently prescribed antibiotics throughout the study period (49% overall). Older patients (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] for adults aged >= 70 years = 2.5; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.6-3.8) and patients treated by internists (AOR = 2.0; 95% CI, 1.1-3.3) were more likely than younger patients and those treated by family practitioners to receive fluoroquinolones. Outpatient visits in the West US Census region were less likely to be associated with fluoroquinolone prescribing (AOR = 0.6; 95% CI, .4-1.0) compared with visits in the Northeast. Conclusions. Fluoroquinolones were the most frequently selected antibiotic treatment for uncomplicated UTI in women during the study period. Outpatient antibiotic stewardship initiatives should include efforts to reduce overuse of fluoroquinolones for uncomplicated UTI. C1 [Kobayashi, Miwako] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Div Bacterial Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Kobayashi, Miwako] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA USA. [Sanchez, Guillermo V.; Hicks, Lauri A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. [Shapiro, Daniel J.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Sch Med, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Hersh, Adam L.] Univ Utah, Dept Pediat, Div Pediat Infect Dis, Salt Lake City, UT USA. RP Kobayashi, M (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Bacterial Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS C-25, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM mkobayashi@cdc.gov NR 32 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 2328-8957 J9 OPEN FORUM INFECT DI JI Open Forum Infect. Dis. PD SUM PY 2016 VL 3 IS 3 DI 10.1093/ofid/ofw159 PG 7 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA ED0YZ UT WOS:000388571700038 ER PT J AU Marin, M Harpaz, R Zhang, J Wollan, PC Bialek, SR Yawn, BP AF Marin, Mona Harpaz, Rafael Zhang, John Wollan, Peter C. Bialek, Stephanie R. Yawn, Barbara P. TI Risk Factors for Herpes Zoster Among Adults SO OPEN FORUM INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article DE family history; herpes zoster; risk factors; shingles ID FAMILY-HISTORY; POSTHERPETIC NEURALGIA; PSYCHOLOGICAL STRESS; OLDER-ADULTS; IL-10 GENE; VACCINATION; POPULATION; VIRUS; SUSCEPTIBILITY; POLYMORPHISM AB Background. The causes of varicella-zoster virus reactivation and herpes zoster (HZ) are largely unknown. We assessed potential risk factors for HZ, the data for which cannot be obtained from the medical sector. Methods. We conducted a matched case-control study. We established active surveillance in Olmsted County, Minnesota to identify HZ occurring among persons age >= 50 years during 2010-2011. Cases were confirmed by medical record review. Herpes zoster-free controls were age-and sex-matched to cases. Risk factor data were obtained by telephone interview. Results. We enrolled 389 HZ case patients and 511 matched controls; the median age was 65 and 66 years, respectively. Herpes zoster was associated with family history of HZ (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 1.65); association was highest with first-degree or multiple relatives (aOR = 1.87 and 3.08, respectively). Herpes zoster was also associated with prior HZ episodes (aOR = 1.82), sleep disturbance (aOR = 2.52), depression (aOR = 3.81), and recent weight loss (aOR = 1.95). Stress was a risk factor for HZ (aOR = 2.80), whereas a dose-response relationship was not noted. All associations indicated were statistically significant (P <.05). Herpes zoster was not associated with trauma, smoking, tonsillectomy, diet, or reported exposure to pesticides or herbicides (P >.1). Conclusions. We identified several important risk factors for HZ; however, the key attributable causes of HZ remain unknown. C1 [Marin, Mona; Harpaz, Rafael; Zhang, John; Bialek, Stephanie R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Wollan, Peter C.; Yawn, Barbara P.] Olmsted Med Ctr, Dept Res, Rochester, MN USA. RP Marin, M (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS A-47, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM mmarin@cdc.gov NR 31 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 2328-8957 J9 OPEN FORUM INFECT DI JI Open Forum Infect. Dis. PD SUM PY 2016 VL 3 IS 3 DI 10.1093/ofid/ofw119 PG 7 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA ED0YZ UT WOS:000388571700042 ER PT J AU Russell, ES Zheteyeva, Y Gao, HJ Shi, JR Rainey, JJ Thoroughman, D Uzicanin, A AF Russell, Elizabeth S. Zheteyeva, Yenlik Gao, Hongjiang Shi, Jianrong Rainey, Jeanette J. Thoroughman, Douglas Uzicanin, Amra TI Reactive School Closure During Increased Influenza-Like Illness (ILI) Activity in Western Kentucky, 2013: A Field Evaluation of Effect on ILI Incidence and Economic and Social Consequences for Families SO OPEN FORUM INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article DE influenza; schools; school closure; school dismissal ID PANDEMIC INFLUENZA; TRANSMISSION; IMPACT; INTERVENTIONS; STRATEGIES; DISMISSAL; OUTBREAK; RATES AB Background. School closures are an important mitigation strategy during influenza pandemic: if implemented early in a local outbreak, they can slow the disease spread in the surrounding community. During seasonal influenza epidemics, school closures may occur reactively, after the disease is already widespread in the community. Such reactive closures are often too late to reduce influenza transmission. However, they can provide data to determine under which circumstances they might be effective in reducing influenza-like illness (ILI) transmission. Methods. We conducted a household survey in a school district in Kentucky. District A closed after high student absenteeism due to influenza-like illness (ILI), whereas adjacent Districts B and C remained open. We collected data on self-reported ILI among household members in these 3 districts 2 weeks before the District A closure, during closure, and 2 weeks after reopening, and we evaluated economic and social consequences of school closure on student households in District A. The difference-in-differences method was applied to compare changes in ILI rates from before to after closure between districts. Results. Estimated average daily ILI rate decreased less in District A than in District B or C for the entire sample and when stratified by age groups (0-5 years old, 6-18 years old, and above 18 years old). Twenty-five percent of District A households reported >= 1 closure-related economic or social difficulty. Conclusions. Closing schools after a widespread ILI activity in District A did not reduce ILI transmission but caused difficulties for some households. C1 [Russell, Elizabeth S.; Thoroughman, Douglas] Kentucky Dept Publ Hlth, Div Epidemiol & Hlth Planning, Frankfurt, Germany. [Russell, Elizabeth S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv Officer, Atlanta, GA USA. [Zheteyeva, Yenlik; Gao, Hongjiang; Shi, Jianrong; Rainey, Jeanette J.; Uzicanin, Amra] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global Migrat & Quarantine, Atlanta, GA USA. [Thoroughman, Douglas] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Publ Hlth Preparedness & Response, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Zheteyeva, Y (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM igg0@cdc.gov NR 27 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 2328-8957 J9 OPEN FORUM INFECT DI JI Open Forum Infect. Dis. PD SUM PY 2016 VL 3 IS 3 DI 10.1093/ofid/ofw113 PG 7 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA ED0YZ UT WOS:000388571700050 ER PT J AU Sanchez, GV Hersh, AL Shapiro, DJ Cawley, JF Hicks, LA AF Sanchez, Guillermo V. Hersh, Adam L. Shapiro, Daniel J. Cawley, James F. Hicks, Lauri A. TI Outpatient Antibiotic Prescribing Among United States Nurse Practitioners and Physician Assistants SO OPEN FORUM INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article DE antibiotic resistance; family practice; physician's practice patterns/trends; primary care; respiratory tract infections/drug therapy ID ADULTS; CARE AB We examined US nurse practitioner (NP) and physician assistant (PA) outpatient antibiotic prescribing. Antibiotics were more frequently prescribed during visits involving NP/PA visits compared with physician-only visits, including overall visits (17% vs 12%, P <.0001) and acute respiratory infection visits (61% vs 54%, P <.001). Antibiotic stewardship interventions should target NPs and PAs. C1 [Sanchez, Guillermo V.; Hicks, Lauri A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. [Hersh, Adam L.] Univ Utah, Dept Pediat, Div Pediat Infect Dis, Salt Lake City, UT USA. [Shapiro, Daniel J.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Sch Med, San Francisco, CA USA. [Cawley, James F.] George Washington Univ, Sch Med & Hlth Sci, Washington, DC 20052 USA. RP Sanchez, GV (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Get Smart Know Antibiot Work, 1600 Clifton Rd,NE,MS C-25, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM gsanchez@cdc.gov NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 2328-8957 J9 OPEN FORUM INFECT DI JI Open Forum Infect. Dis. PD SUM PY 2016 VL 3 IS 3 DI 10.1093/ofid/ofw168 PG 4 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA ED0YZ UT WOS:000388571700052 ER PT J AU Shah, NS Lin, SYG Barry, PM Cheng, YN Schecter, G Desmond, E AF Shah, Neha S. Lin, S. Y. Grace Barry, Pennan M. Cheng, Yi-Ning Schecter, Gisela Desmond, Ed TI Clinical Impact on Tuberculosis Treatment Outcomes of Discordance Between Molecular and Growth-Based Assays for Rifampin Resistance, California 2003-2013 SO OPEN FORUM INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article DE rifampin discordance; rpoB mutations; tuberculosis ID MYCOBACTERIUM-TUBERCULOSIS; RPOB MUTATIONS; DRUG-RESISTANCE; MIC DISTRIBUTIONS; RAPID DETECTION; SUSCEPTIBILITY; DIAGNOSIS; BREAKPOINTS; RIFABUTIN; STRAINS AB Background. Data from international settings suggest that isolates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis with rpoB mutations testing phenotypically susceptible to rifampin (RIF) may have clinical significance. We analyzed treatment outcomes of California patients with discordant molecular-phenotypic RIF results. Methods. We included tuberculosis (TB) patients, during 2003-2013, whose specimens tested RIF susceptible phenotypically but had a rpoB mutation determined by pyrosequencing. Demographic data were abstracted from the California TB registry. Phenotypic drug-susceptibility testing, medical history, treatment, and outcomes were abstracted from medical records. Results. Of 3330 isolates tested, 413 specimens had a rpoB mutation (12.4%). Of these, 16 (3.9%) had molecular-phenotypic discordant RIF results. Seven mutations were identified: 511Pro, 516Phe, 526Asn, 526Ser (AGC and TCC), 526Cys, and 533Pro. Fourteen (88%) had isoniazid (INH) resistance, 6 of whom were also phenotypically resistant to ethambutol (EMB) and/or pyrazinamide (PZA). Five patients (25%), 1 with 511Pro and 4 with 526Asn, relapsed or failed treatment. The initial regimen for 3 patients was RIF, PZA, and EMB; 1 patient received RIF, PZA, EMB, and a fluoroquinolone (FQN); and 1 patient received RIF, EMB, FQN, and some second-line medications. Upon retreatment with an expanded regimen, 3 (75%) patients completed treatment, 1 patient moved before treatment completion, and 1 patient continues on treatment. The remaining 11 patients had a successful outcome with 9 having received a FQN and/or a rifamycin. Conclusions. Rifampin molecular-phenotypic discordance was rare, and most isolates had INH resistance. Patients who did not receive an expanded regimen had poor outcomes. These mutations may have clinical importance, and expanded treatment regimens should be considered. C1 [Shah, Neha S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div TB Eliminat, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA USA. [Shah, Neha S.; Lin, S. Y. Grace; Barry, Pennan M.; Schecter, Gisela; Desmond, Ed] California Dept Hlth, TB Control Branch, Richmond, CA USA. [Cheng, Yi-Ning] San Diego Hlth & Human Serv Agcy, San Diego, CA USA. [Schecter, Gisela] Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. RP Shah, NS (reprint author), 850 Marina Bay Pkwy,Bldg P,2nd Floor, Richmond, CA 94804 USA. EM nshah6@cdc.gov NR 40 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 2328-8957 J9 OPEN FORUM INFECT DI JI Open Forum Infect. Dis. PD SUM PY 2016 VL 3 IS 3 DI 10.1093/ofid/ofw150 PG 7 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA ED0YZ UT WOS:000388571700054 ER PT J AU Zhou, L Ren, RQ Ou, JM Kang, M Wang, XX Havers, F Huo, X Liu, XQ Sun, QL He, YC Liu, B Wu, SG Wang, YL Sui, HT Zhang, YJ Tang, SP Chang, CY Xiang, LH Wang, D Zhao, SG Zhou, SZ Chen, T Xiang, NJ Greene, CM Zhang, Y Shu, YL Feng, ZJ Li, Q AF Zhou, Lei Ren, Ruiqi Ou, Jianming Kang, Min Wang, Xiaoxiao Havers, Fiona Huo, Xiang Liu, Xiaoqing Sun, Qianlai He, Yongchao Liu, Bo Wu, Shenggen Wang, Yali Sui, Haitian Zhang, Yongjie Tang, Shaopei Chang, Caiyun Xiang, Lunhui Wang, Dong Zhao, Shiguang Zhou, Suizan Chen, Tao Xiang, Nijuan Greene, Carolyn M. Zhang, Yanping Shu, Yuelong Feng, Zijian Li, Qun TI Risk Factors for Influenza A(H7N9) Disease in China, a Matched Case Control Study, October 2014 to April 2015 SO OPEN FORUM INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article DE avian influenza A(H7N9); case-control study; risk factor ID A H7N9 VIRUS; AVIAN INFLUENZA; HUMAN INFECTION; LIVE POULTRY; EXPOSURE; SEVERITY; SHANGHAI; PROVINCE; MARKETS; CLOSURE AB Background. Human infections with avian influenza A(H7N9) virus have been associated with exposure to poultry and live poultry markets (LPMs). We conducted a case-control study to identify additional and more specific risk factors. Methods. Cases were laboratory-confirmed A(H7N9) infections in persons in China reported from October 1, 2014 to April 30, 2015. Poultry workers, those with insufficient data, and those refusing participation were excluded. We matched up to 4 controls per case by sex, age, and residential community. Using conditional logistic regression, we examined associations between A(H7N9) infection and potential risk factors. Results. Eighty-five cases and 334 controls were enrolled with similar demographic characteristics. Increased risk of A(H7N9) infection was associated with the following: visiting LPMs (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 6.3; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.6-15.3), direct contact with live poultry in LPMs (aOR, 4.1; 95% CI, 1.1-15.6), stopping at a live poultry stall when visiting LPMs (aOR, 2.7; 95% CI, 1.1-6.9), raising backyard poultry at home (aOR, 7.7; 95% CI, 2.0-30.5), direct contact with backyard poultry (aOR, 4.9; 95% CI, 1.1-22.1), and having >= 1 chronic disease (aOR, 3.1; 95% CI, 1.5-6.5). Conclusions. Our study identified raising backyard poultry at home as a risk factor for illness with A(H7N9), suggesting the need for enhanced avian influenza surveillance in rural areas. . C1 [Zhou, Lei; Ren, Ruiqi; Liu, Bo; Wang, Yali; Sui, Haitian; Wang, Dong; Zhao, Shiguang; Xiang, Nijuan; Zhang, Yanping; Li, Qun] Chinese Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Publ Hlth Emergency Ctr, Beijing 102206, Peoples R China. [Ou, Jianming; Wu, Shenggen] Fujian Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Fuzhou, Peoples R China. [Kang, Min] Guangdong Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Guangzhou, Guangdong, Peoples R China. [Wang, Xiaoxiao] Zhejiang Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, Peoples R China. [Havers, Fiona] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Huo, Xiang; Zhang, Yongjie] Jiangsu Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Nanjing, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Liu, Xiaoqing] Jiangxi Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Nanchang, Peoples R China. [Sun, Qianlai] Hunan Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China. [He, Yongchao] Shanghai Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Zhang, Yongjie; Tang, Shaopei; Chang, Caiyun; Xiang, Lunhui] Chinese Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Chinese Field Epidemiol Training Program, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Zhang, Yongjie; Tang, Shaopei; Chang, Caiyun; Chen, Tao; Shu, Yuelong] Chinese Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Influenza Ctr, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Feng, Zijian] Chinese Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Tang, Shaopei] Bozhou Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Bozhou, Peoples R China. [Chang, Caiyun; Wang, Dong] Jinan Municipal Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Jinan, Peoples R China. [Xiang, Lunhui] Baoshan Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Baoshan, Peoples R China. [Zhao, Shiguang] Quzhou Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Quzhou, Peoples R China. RP Li, Q (reprint author), Chinese Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Publ Hlth Emergency Ctr, Beijing 102206, Peoples R China. EM liqun@chinacdc.cn NR 26 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 2 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 2328-8957 J9 OPEN FORUM INFECT DI JI Open Forum Infect. Dis. PD SUM PY 2016 VL 3 IS 3 DI 10.1093/ofid/ofw182 PG 7 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA ED0YZ UT WOS:000388571700066 ER PT J AU Chang, TE Lichtman, JH Goldstein, LB George, MG AF Chang, Tiffany E. Lichtman, Judith H. Goldstein, Larry B. George, Mary G. TI Accuracy of ICD-9-CM Codes by Hospital Characteristics and Stroke Severity: Paul Coverdell National Acute Stroke Program SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN HEART ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article DE health services research; International; Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification; stroke; transient ischemic attack ID HEALTH-CARE PROFESSIONALS; AMERICAN-HEART-ASSOCIATION; ACUTE ISCHEMIC-STROKE; CEREBROVASCULAR-DISEASE; IDENTIFYING STROKE; MEDICARE CLAIMS; STATEMENT; SURVEILLANCE; OUTCOMES; ATTACK AB Background-Epidemiological and health services research often use International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-9-CM) codes to identify patients with clinical conditions in administrative databases. We determined whether there are systematic variations between stroke patient clinical diagnoses and ICD-9-CM codes, stratified by hospital characteristics and stroke severity. Methods and Results-We used the records of patients discharged from hospitals participating in the Paul Coverdell National Acute Stroke Program in 2013. Within this stroke-enriched cohort, we compared agreement between the attending physician's clinical diagnosis and principal ICD-9-CM code and determined whether disagreements varied by hospital characteristics (presence of a stroke unit, stroke team, number of hospital beds, and hospital location). For patients with a documented National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score at admission, we assessed whether diagnostic agreement varied by stroke severity. Agreement was generally high (>89%); differences between the physician diagnosis and ICD-9-CM codes were primarily attributed to discordance between ischemic stroke and transient ischemic attack (TIA), and subarachnoid and intracerebral hemorrhage. Agreement was higher for patients in metropolitan hospitals with stroke units, stroke teams, and > 200 beds (all P<0.001). Agreement was lowest (60.3%) for rural hospitals with <= 200 beds and without stroke units or teams. Agreement was also lower for milder (94.9%) versus more-severe (96.4%) ischemic strokes (P<0.001). Conclusions-We identified disagreements in stroke/TIA coding by hospital characteristics and stroke severity, particularly for milder ischemic strokes. Such systematic variations in ICD-9-CM coding practices can affect stroke case identification in epidemiological studies and may have implications for hospital-level quality metrics. C1 [Chang, Tiffany E.; Lichtman, Judith H.] Yale Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Chron Dis Epidemiol, New Haven, CT USA. [Goldstein, Larry B.] Univ Kentucky, Kentucky Neurosci Inst, Dept Neurol, Lexington, KY USA. [George, Mary G.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Heart Dis & Stroke Prevent, 4770 Buford Hwy NE,MS F-77, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP George, MG (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Heart Dis & Stroke Prevent, 4770 Buford Hwy NE,MS F-77, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM coq5@cdc.gov NR 26 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 2047-9980 J9 J AM HEART ASSOC JI J. Am. Heart Assoc. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 5 IS 6 AR e003056 DI 10.1161/JAHA.115.003056 PG 7 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA EA6CK UT WOS:000386712700021 ER PT J AU Gilbert, MJ Miller, WG Yee, E Zomer, AL van der Graaf-van Bloois, L Fitzgerald, C Forbes, KJ Meric, G Sheppard, SK Wagenaar, JA Duim, B AF Gilbert, Maarten J. Miller, William G. Yee, Emma Zomer, Aldert L. van der Graaf-van Bloois, Linda Fitzgerald, Collette Forbes, Ken J. Meric, Guillaume Sheppard, Samuel K. Wagenaar, Jaap A. Duim, Birgitta TI Comparative Genomics of Campylobacter fetus from Reptiles and Mammals Reveals Divergent Evolution in Host-Associated Lineages SO GENOME BIOLOGY AND EVOLUTION LA English DT Article DE campylobacter fetus; reptile; mammal; comparative genomics; recombination; evolution ID MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION; SAP LOCUS; SEQUENCE; JEJUNI; STRAINS; RECOMBINATION; INFECTIONS; ANNOTATION; PREDICTION; PATHOGEN AB Campylobacter fetus currently comprises three recognized subspecies, which display distinct host association. Campylobacter fetus subsp. fetus and C. fetus subsp. venerealis are both associated with endothermic mammals, primarily ruminants, whereas C. fetus subsp. testudinum is primarily associated with ectothermic reptiles. Both C. fetus subsp. testudinum and C. fetus subsp. fetus have been associated with severe infections, often with a systemic component, in immunocompromised humans. To study the genetic factors associated with the distinct host dichotomy in C. fetus, whole-genome sequencing and comparison of mammal-and reptile associated C. fetus was performed. The genomes of C. fetus subsp. testudinum isolated from either reptiles or humans were compared with elucidate the genetic factors associated with pathogenicity in humans. Genomic comparisons showed conservation of gene content and organization among C. fetus subspecies, but a clear distinction between mammal-and reptile-associated C. fetus was observed. Several genomic regions appeared to be subspecies specific, including a putative tricarballylate catabolism pathway, exclusively present in C. fetus subsp. testudinum strains. Within C. fetus subsp. testudinum, sapA, sapB, and sapAB type strains were observed. The recombinant locus iamABC(mlaFED) was exclusively associated with invasive C. fetus subsp. testudinum strains isolated from humans. A phylogenetic reconstruction was consistent with divergent evolution in host-associated strains and the existence of a barrier to lateral gene transfer between mammal- and reptile-associated C. fetus. Overall, this study shows that reptile-associated C. fetus subsp. testudinum is genetically divergent from mammal- associated C. fetus subspecies. C1 [Gilbert, Maarten J.; Zomer, Aldert L.; van der Graaf-van Bloois, Linda; Wagenaar, Jaap A.; Duim, Birgitta] Univ Utrecht, Fac Vet Med, Dept Infect Dis & Immunol, NL-3508 TC Utrecht, Netherlands. [Miller, William G.; Yee, Emma] ARS, USDA, Produce Safety & Microbiol Res Unit, Albany, CA USA. [Zomer, Aldert L.; van der Graaf-van Bloois, Linda; Wagenaar, Jaap A.; Duim, Birgitta] WHO Collaborating Ctr Campylobacter, OIE Reference Lab Campylobacteriosis, Utrecht, Netherlands. [Fitzgerald, Collette] CDC, Biotechnol Core Facil Branch, Div Sci Resources, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Forbes, Ken J.] Univ Aberdeen, Sch Med & Dent, Aberdeen AB9 1FX, Scotland. [Meric, Guillaume; Sheppard, Samuel K.] Swansea Univ, Inst Life Sci, Coll Med, Swansea, W Glam, Wales. [Sheppard, Samuel K.] Swansea Univ, MRC Cloud Based Infrastruct Microbial Bioinformat, Swansea, W Glam, Wales. [Sheppard, Samuel K.] Univ Oxford, Dept Zool, Oxford OX1 2JD, England. [Wagenaar, Jaap A.] Cent Vet Inst Wageningen UR, Lelystad, Netherlands. RP Duim, B (reprint author), Univ Utrecht, Fac Vet Med, Dept Infect Dis & Immunol, NL-3508 TC Utrecht, Netherlands.; Duim, B (reprint author), WHO Collaborating Ctr Campylobacter, OIE Reference Lab Campylobacteriosis, Utrecht, Netherlands. EM b.duim@uu.nl NR 52 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 2 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1759-6653 J9 GENOME BIOL EVOL JI Genome Biol. Evol. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 8 IS 6 BP 2006 EP 2019 DI 10.1093/gbe/evw146 PG 14 WC Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA EA1QZ UT WOS:000386368200012 PM 27333878 ER PT J AU Mustapha, MM Marsh, JW Krauland, MG Fernandez, JO de Lemos, APS Hotopp, JCD Wang, X Mayer, LW Lawrence, JG Hiller, NL Harrison, LH AF Mustapha, Mustapha M. Marsh, Jane W. Krauland, Mary G. Fernandez, Jorge O. de Lemos, Ana Paula S. Hotopp, Julie C. Dunning Wang, Xin Mayer, Leonard W. Lawrence, Jeffrey G. Hiller, N. Luisa Harrison, Lee H. TI Genomic Investigation Reveals Highly Conserved, Mosaic, Recombination Events Associated with Capsular Switching among Invasive Neisseria meningitidis Serogroup W Sequence Type (ST)-11 Strains SO GENOME BIOLOGY AND EVOLUTION LA English DT Article DE capsule switch; horizontal gene transfer; serogroup W135 ID MENINGOCOCCAL DISEASE; CLONAL COMPLEX; HOMOLOGOUS RECOMBINATION; POPULATION-STRUCTURE; EPIDEMIOLOGY; CHINA; W135; EVOLUTIONARY; GENETICS; VACCINES AB Neisseria meningitidis is an important cause of meningococcal disease globally. Sequence type ( ST)-11 clonal complex ( cc11) is a hypervirulent meningococcal lineage historically associated with serogroup C capsule and is believed to have acquired the W capsule through a C to W capsular switching event. We studied the sequence of capsule gene cluster ( cps) and adjoining genomic regions of 524 invasive W cc11 strains isolated globally. We identified recombination breakpoints corresponding to two distinct recombination events within Wcc11: A 8.4-kb recombinant region likely acquired from W cc22 including the sialic acid/glycosyl-transferase gene, csw resulted in a C -> W change in capsular phenotype and a 13.7-kb recombinant segment likely acquired from Y cc23 lineage includes 4.5 kb of cps genes and 8.2 kb downstream of the cps cluster resulting in allelic changes in capsule translocation genes. Avast majority of Wcc11 strains ( 497/524,94.8%) retain both recombination events as evidenced by sharing identical or very closely related capsular allelic profiles. These data suggest that the W cc11 capsular switch involved two separate recombination events and that current global Wcc11 meningococcal disease is caused by strains bearing this mosaic capsular switch. C1 [Mustapha, Mustapha M.; Marsh, Jane W.; Harrison, Lee H.] Univ Pittsburgh, Infect Dis Epidemiol Res Unit, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. [Krauland, Mary G.] Univ Pittsburgh, Grad Sch Publ Hlth, Publ Hlth Dynam Lab, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. [Fernandez, Jorge O.] Publ Hlth Inst Chile, Mol Genet Lab, Santiago, Chile. [de Lemos, Ana Paula S.] IAL, Dept Bacteriol, Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Hotopp, Julie C. Dunning] Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Inst Genome Sci, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. [Wang, Xin; Mayer, Leonard W.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Meningitis & Vaccine Preventable Dis Branch, Div Bacterial Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Lawrence, Jeffrey G.] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Biol Sci, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. [Hiller, N. Luisa] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Biol Sci, 4400 5th Ave, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. RP Mustapha, MM (reprint author), Univ Pittsburgh, Infect Dis Epidemiol Res Unit, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. EM mmm147@pitt.edu RI Hiller, N. Luisa/A-3739-2016 OI Hiller, N. Luisa/0000-0001-6572-1368 NR 46 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1759-6653 J9 GENOME BIOL EVOL JI Genome Biol. Evol. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 8 IS 6 BP 2065 EP 2075 DI 10.1093/gbe/evw122 PG 11 WC Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA EA1QZ UT WOS:000386368200017 PM 27289093 ER PT J AU Ko, SC Fan, L Smith, EA Fenlon, N Koneru, AK Murphy, TV AF Ko, Stephen C. Fan, Lin Smith, Emily A. Fenlon, Nancy Koneru, Alaya K. Murphy, Trudy V. TI Estimated Annual Perinatal Hepatitis B Virus Infections in the United States, 2000-2009 SO JOURNAL OF THE PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASES SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE CHBV; hepatitis B virus; infection rate; perinatal ID E-ANTIGEN; VERTICAL TRANSMISSION; PREVENTION PROGRAM; NEWBORN-INFANTS; SURFACE-ANTIGEN; CARRIER STATE; DOUBLE-BLIND; VACCINATION; IMMUNIZATION; MOTHERS AB Background. Ninety percent of perinatal hepatitis B virus (HBV) infections result in chronic HBV (CHBV), which carries 25% risk of premature death from progressive liver injury, cirrhosis, and liver cancer. In 1990, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) funded Perinatal Hepatitis B Prevention Programs (PHBPP) to ensure postexposure prophylaxis for exposed infants and accelerate elimination of perinatal CHBV in the United States. From 2000 to 2009, the annual rates of perinatal CHBV reported by PHBPP (0.8%-2.4%) were consistently lower than expected rates from CDC models (3.0%-4.1%), suggesting that rates of CHBV might be higher among infants whose outcomes were not identified by PHBPP. To better understand the factors impacting modeled expected number and rates of perinatal CHBV, we examined historic CDC models, applied updated inputs to the 2009 CDC model, and performed sensitivity analyses over a range of parameter values. Methods. Models employed estimates of the annual number of births to hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)positive pregnant women, and data from PHBPP and National Immunization Surveys. Published literature provided prenatal HBsAg screening rates, efficacy of postexposure prophylaxis (PEP), and perinatal HBV transmission rates. Results. The updated 2009 model predicted 952 perinatal CHBV infections, equivalent to a baseline rate of 3.84%, among infants of HBsAg-positive women. Sensitivity analyses yielded a possible range of perinatal CHBV rates between 0.60% and 15.41%. The proportion of infants receiving timely PEP, the efficacy of PEP, and perinatal HBV transmission rate were major "drivers" of CHBV rates. Three-way sensitivity analysis yielded possible perinatal CHBV rates between 0.79% and 13.64%. Conclusions. Modeling provided useful programmatic goals for achieving elimination of perinatal CHBV in the United States. Limitations of data inputs likely contributed to discrepancies between predicted and reported rates. C1 [Ko, Stephen C.] Boston Univ, Dept Pediat, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Ko, Stephen C.] Boston Univ, Ctr Global Hlth & Dev, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Ko, Stephen C.; Fan, Lin; Koneru, Alaya K.; Murphy, Trudy V.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Hepatitis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Smith, Emily A.] RTI Int, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Fenlon, Nancy] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Immunizat Serv Div, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Ko, SC (reprint author), Boston Univ, Ctr Global Hlth & Dev, Dept Pediat, 801 Massachusetts Ave,Crosstown Ctr 3rd Floor, Boston, MA 02118 USA. EM scko@bu.edu NR 37 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 2048-7193 EI 2048-7207 J9 J PEDIATR INFECT DIS JI J. Pediatr. Infect. Dis. Soc. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 5 IS 2 BP 114 EP 121 DI 10.1093/jpids/piu115 PG 8 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA DZ8QB UT WOS:000386134800006 PM 26407247 ER PT J AU Grinsdale, JA Islam, S Tran, OC Ho, CS Kawamura, LM Higashi, JM AF Grinsdale, Jennifer A. Islam, Shamim Tran, Olivia Chang Ho, Christine S. Masae Kawamura, L. Higashi, Julie M. TI Interferon-Gamma Release Assays and Pediatric Public Health Tuberculosis Screening: The San Francisco Program Experience 2005 to 2008 SO JOURNAL OF THE PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASES SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE interferon-gamma release assays; pediatrics; tuberculosis ID MYCOBACTERIUM-TUBERCULOSIS; LATENT TUBERCULOSIS; SKIN-TEST; ACTIVE TUBERCULOSIS; PREDICTIVE-VALUE; CHILDREN; INFECTION; DIAGNOSIS; DISEASE; AGE AB Background. Interferon-gamma release assay utilization in pediatric tuberculosis (TB) screening is limited by a paucity of longitudinal experience, particularly in low-TB burden populations. Methods. We conducted a retrospective review of QuantiFERON (QFT)-TB Gold results in San Francisco children from 2005 to 2008. Concordance with the tuberculin skin test (TST) was analyzed for a subset of children. Progression to active disease was determined through San Francisco and California TB registry matches. Results. Of 1092 children <15 years of age, 853 (78%) were foreign-born, and 136 (12%) were exposed to active TB cases (contacts). QuantiFERON tests were positive in 72 of 1092 (7%) children; 15 of 136 (11%) recent contacts; 53 of 807 (7%) foreign-born noncontacts; and 4 of 149 (3%) US-born noncontacts. QuantiFERON-negative/TST-positive discordancewas seen more often in foreign-born/bacille Calmette-Guerin (BCG)-vaccinated children <5 years of age (52 of 56, 93%) compared to those >= 5 years of age (90 of 123, 73%; P=.003). Foreign-born, BCG-vaccinated children were more than twice as likely to have a discordant (79%) result as US-born, non-BCG-vaccinated children (37%; P<.0001). During 5587 person-years of follow-up of untreated children, including 146 TST-positive/QFT-negative children, no cases of active TB were identified, consistent with a negative predictive value of 100%. Conclusions. Our experience supports the use of QFT to evaluate latent TB infection in children, particularly young BCG-vaccinated children. The proportion of QFT-positive results correlated with risk of exposure, and none of the untreated QFT-negative children developed TB. The low QFT-positive rate highlights the need for more selective testing based on current epidemiology and TB exposure risk. C1 [Grinsdale, Jennifer A.; Masae Kawamura, L.; Higashi, Julie M.] San Francisco Dept Publ Hlth, Populat Hlth Div, San Francisco, CA USA. [Islam, Shamim] Childrens Hosp & Res Ctr Oakland, Div Infect Dis, Oakland, CA USA. [Tran, Olivia Chang] Pangaea Global AIDS Fdn, Oakland, CA USA. [Ho, Christine S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div TB Eliminat, Field Serv Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Masae Kawamura, L.] Qiagen, Valencia, Spain. RP Higashi, JM (reprint author), San Francisco Gen Hosp, San Francisco Dept Publ Hlth, TB Clin, Ward 94, 1001 Potrero Ave, San Francisco, CA 94110 USA. EM julie.higashi@sfdph.org NR 40 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 2048-7193 EI 2048-7207 J9 J PEDIATR INFECT DIS JI J. Pediatr. Infect. Dis. Soc. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 5 IS 2 BP 122 EP 130 DI 10.1093/jpids/piu119 PG 9 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA DZ8QB UT WOS:000386134800007 PM 27199468 ER PT J AU Keenan, JD Sahlu, I Mcgee, L Cevallos, V Vidal, JE Chochua, S Hawkins, P Gebre, T Tadesse, Z Emerson, PM Gaynor, BD Lietman, TM Klugman, KP AF Keenan, Jeremy D. Sahlu, Ida Mcgee, Lesley Cevallos, Vicky Vidal, Jorge E. Chochua, Sopio Hawkins, Paulina Gebre, Teshome Tadesse, Zerihun Emerson, Paul M. Gaynor, Bruce D. Lietman, Thomas M. Klugman, Keith P. TI Nasopharyngeal Pneumococcal Serotypes Before and After Mass Azithromycin Distributions for Trachoma SO JOURNAL OF THE PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASES SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE Africa; pneumococcal vaccines; serotype; Streptococcus pneumoniae ID STREPTOCOCCUS-PNEUMONIAE; PATTERNS AB Twenty-four Ethiopian communities were randomized to receive either (1) quarterly mass azithromycin distributions for trachoma for 1 year or (2) delayed treatment. Nasopharyngeal swabs collected from separate cross-sectional population-based samples of children were processed for Streptococcus pneumoniae. Mass azithromycin did not significantly alter the pneumococcal serotype distribution, and hence it would not be expected to alter vaccine coverage. C1 [Keenan, Jeremy D.; Cevallos, Vicky; Gaynor, Bruce D.; Lietman, Thomas M.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Francis I Proctor Fdn, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Keenan, Jeremy D.; Gaynor, Bruce D.; Lietman, Thomas M.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Ophthalmol, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Sahlu, Ida; Vidal, Jorge E.; Chochua, Sopio; Hawkins, Paulina; Klugman, Keith P.] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Hubert Dept Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Mcgee, Lesley; Chochua, Sopio; Hawkins, Paulina] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Resp Dis Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Gebre, Teshome; Tadesse, Zerihun] Carter Ctr, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. [Emerson, Paul M.] Carter Ctr, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Keenan, JD (reprint author), Univ Calif San Francisco, 513 Parnassus Ave,Box 0412, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. EM jeremy.keenan@ucsf.edu FU NICHD NIH HHS [T32 HD007338] NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 2048-7193 EI 2048-7207 J9 J PEDIATR INFECT DIS JI J. Pediatr. Infect. Dis. Soc. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 5 IS 2 BP 222 EP 226 DI 10.1093/jpids/piu143 PG 5 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA DZ8QB UT WOS:000386134800021 PM 27199475 ER PT J AU Cummings, B Necochea, E Ferreira, T Soares, B Mahomed, M Muquingue, H Nhambi, L Bossemeyer, D Ashengo, TA AF Cummings, Beverley Necochea, Edgar Ferreira, Thais Soares, Benilde Mahomed, Mehebub Muquingue, Humberto Nhambi, Leonel Bossemeyer, Debora Ashengo, Tigistu A. TI Acceptability and Satisfaction Associated With the Introduction of the PrePex Circumcision Device in Maputo, Mozambique SO JAIDS-JOURNAL OF ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES LA English DT Article DE male circumcision; devices; HIV prevention; Mozambique AB Background: Adult device circumcision may potentially reach more men in Sub-Saharan Africa, with fewer human resource and capacity needs than surgical procedures. Despite these advantages, little is known about device acceptability, including pain and maintaining the device in situ. Methods: Healthy, HIV-negative men, between 18 and 49 years, in a Maputo clinic, were consecutively asked to participate in a circumcision device study that included assessing acceptability. Clinical forms and self-administered surveys were used to collect data at various times during the circumcision process for consenting men. Data were entered into a central database and analyzed using statistical software. Results: Between May and July, 2013, 504 men received device circumcision. Placement was painless for 98.2% of the male population, but the pain was more common during removal with 38.3% reporting severe or unbearable and 21.5% moderate pain. Satisfaction was high at both time points with 88.8% and 92.6% of men being very or somewhat satisfied at placement and removal, respectively. Half of the male population (50.2%) was very or somewhat comfortable with the device in situ; whereas, 36.8% were somewhat or very uncomfortable. Common device difficulties experienced were painful erections (38.5%) and difficult urination (21.8%) and hygiene (21.4%). By the final clinic visit at day 49, 90.4% of them were very or somewhat satisfied with the procedure. Discussion: High levels of satisfaction were reported for device circumcision, despite the pain noted during removal and some challenges with the device in situ. Given the advantages and acceptability among Mozambican men in this study, device circumcision could be offered, when clinically appropriate, as an alternative to surgery. C1 [Cummings, Beverley] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Div Global HIV AIDS, Maputo, Mozambique. [Necochea, Edgar; Ashengo, Tigistu A.] Jhpiego, Baltimore, MD USA. [Ferreira, Thais; Soares, Benilde; Mahomed, Mehebub; Muquingue, Humberto; Nhambi, Leonel; Bossemeyer, Debora] Jhpiego, Maputo, Mozambique. RP Cummings, B (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global HIV AIDS, Ctr Global Hlth, 2170 Gaborone Pl, Dulles, VA 20189 USA. EM BCummings@cdc.gov FU President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) through the US Department of Health and Human Services; US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) [U2GPS001542]; Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation (BMGF) through Population Services International (PSI) FX The study was funded by the President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) through the US Department of Health and Human Services and the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) under the terms of Cooperative Agreement Number U2GPS001542 to Jhpiego, and by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation (BMGF) through Population Services International (PSI). The findings and conclusions presented in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the CDC or BMGF. NR 14 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 1525-4135 EI 1077-9450 J9 JAIDS-J ACQ IMM DEF JI JAIDS PD JUN 1 PY 2016 VL 72 SU 1 BP S56 EP S62 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA DY6YC UT WOS:000385274500010 PM 27331592 ER PT J AU Kohler, PK Barr, BAT Kang'ombe, A Hofstee, C Kilembe, F Galagan, S Chilongozi, D Namate, D Machaya, M Kabwere, K Mwale, M Msunguma, W Reed, J Chimbwandira, F AF Kohler, Pamela K. Barr, Beth A. Tippett Kang'ombe, Anderson Hofstee, Carola Kilembe, Franklin Galagan, Sean Chilongozi, David Namate, Dorothy Machaya, Medson Kabwere, Khuliena Mwale, Mwawi Msunguma, Wezi Reed, Jason Chimbwandira, Frank TI Safety, Feasibility, and Acceptability of the PrePex Device for Adult Male Circumcision in Malawi SO JAIDS-JOURNAL OF ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES LA English DT Article DE voluntary medical male circumcision; HIV prevention; nonsurgical devices; PrePex ID RESOURCE-LIMITED SETTINGS; HIV PREVENTION; SCALE-UP; TRIAL; EFFICACY; NURSES; KISUMU; KENYA; MEN AB Introduction: Nonsurgical adult male circumcision devices present an alternative to surgery where health resources are limited. This study aimed to assess the safety, feasibility, and acceptability of the PrePex device for adult male circumcision in Malawi. Methods: A prospective single-arm cohort study was conducted at 3 sites (1 urban static, 1 rural static, 1 rural tent) in Malawi. Adverse event (AE) outcomes were stratified to include/exclude pain, and confidence intervals (CIs) were corrected for clinic-level clustering. Results: Among 935 men screened, 131 (14.0%) were not eligible, 13 (1.4%) withdrew before placement, and 791 (84.6%) received the device. Moderate and severe AEs totaled 7.1% including pain [95% CI: 3.4-14.7] and 4.0% excluding pain (95% CI: 2.6 to 6.4). Severe AEs included pain (n = 3), insufficient skin removal (n = 4), and early removal (n = 4). Among early removals, 1 had immediate surgical circumcision, 1 had surgery after 48 hours of observation, 1 declined surgery, and 1 did not return to our site although presented at a nearby clinic. More than half of men (51.9%) reported odor; however, few (2.2%) stated they would not recommend the device to others because of odor. Median levels of reported pain (scale, 1-10) were 2 (interquartile range, 2-4) during application and removal, and 0 (interquartile range, 0-2) at all other time points. Conclusions: Severe AEs were rare and similar to other programs. Immediate provision of surgical services after displacement or early removal proved a challenge. Cases of insufficient skin removal were linked to poor technique, suggesting provider training requires reinforcement and supervision. C1 [Kohler, Pamela K.; Galagan, Sean] Univ Washington, Dept Global Hlth, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Kohler, Pamela K.] Univ Washington, Dept Psychosocial & Community Hlth, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Barr, Beth A. Tippett; Msunguma, Wezi] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Hlth Serv, Lilongwe, Malawi. [Kang'ombe, Anderson] Banja La Mtsogolo, Blantyre, Malawi. [Hofstee, Carola] Med Sans Frontieres, Nsanje, Malawi. [Kilembe, Franklin; Chilongozi, David; Namate, Dorothy] Int Training & Educ Ctr Hlth, Lilongwe, Malawi. [Machaya, Medson; Kabwere, Khuliena; Mwale, Mwawi; Chimbwandira, Frank] Malawi Minist Hlth, Lilongwe, Malawi. [Machaya, Medson; Kabwere, Khuliena; Mwale, Mwawi; Chimbwandira, Frank] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Reed, Jason] Johns Hopkins Univ, Jhpiego, Washington, DC USA. RP Kohler, PK (reprint author), Univ Washington, 325 9th Ave,Box 359931, Seattle, WA 98104 USA. EM pkohler2@uw.edu FU Office of Global AIDS Control FX Authors gratefully acknowledge the dedication and contributions of study client and provider participants, the support from the Office of Global AIDS Control, Dr. Sundeep Gupta, and the Malawi National VMMC Technical Working Group. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of their institutions, including the US Centers for Diseases Control and Prevention. NR 19 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 1525-4135 EI 1077-9450 J9 JAIDS-J ACQ IMM DEF JI JAIDS PD JUN 1 PY 2016 VL 72 SU 1 BP S49 EP S55 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA DY6YC UT WOS:000385274500009 PM 27331590 ER PT J AU Kufa, T Chetty-Makkan, C Maraisane, M Charalambous, S Chihota, V Toledo, C AF Kufa, Tendesayi Chetty-Makkan, Candice Maraisane, Mpho Charalambous, Salome Chihota, Violet Toledo, Carlos TI Delivering PrePex Medical Male Circumcision Services Through a Mobile Clinic: The Experience From a Pilot Project in North West Province, South Africa SO JAIDS-JOURNAL OF ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES LA English DT Article DE male; medical; circumcision; mobile; devices AB We describe the implementation of a pilot project to demonstrate the safety and feasibility of providing PrePex circumcision from a mobile clinic. We analyzed available project diary entries and staff meeting minutes to identify challenges encountered. The main challenges identified were (1) daily time constraints because of setting up procedures, (2) transportation logistics for clients when the mobile clinic had moved to a different location, (3) integration and coordination of staff responsibilities, and (4) recruitment for PrePex services in the mobile clinic. The provision of PrePex device circumcision through a mobile clinic was feasible but careful planning and review of operational procedures were needed to resolve the implementation challenges. C1 [Kufa, Tendesayi; Chetty-Makkan, Candice; Maraisane, Mpho; Charalambous, Salome; Chihota, Violet] Aurum Inst, Dept Epidemiol Res, Johannesburg, South Africa. [Kufa, Tendesayi; Charalambous, Salome; Chihota, Violet] Univ Witwatersrand, Sch Publ Hlth, Johannesburg, South Africa. [Toledo, Carlos] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global HIV AIDS, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Kufa, T (reprint author), Aurum Inst, 29 Queens Rd Parktown, ZA-2193 Johannesburg, South Africa. EM tendesayik@yahoo.com FU President's Emergency Fund for AIDS Relief through CDC South Africa [GH000162] FX The study was funded by the President's Emergency Fund for AIDS Relief through CDC South Africa grant number GH000162. NR 7 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 1525-4135 EI 1077-9450 J9 JAIDS-J ACQ IMM DEF JI JAIDS PD JUN 1 PY 2016 VL 72 SU 1 BP S69 EP S72 PG 4 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA DY6YC UT WOS:000385274500012 PM 27331594 ER PT J AU Belle, SH Stevens, J Cella, D Foltz, JL Loria, CM Murray, DM Czajkowski, SM Arteaga, SS Thom, E Pratt, CA AF Belle, Steven H. Stevens, June Cella, David Foltz, Jennifer L. Loria, Catherine M. Murray, David M. Czajkowski, Susan M. Arteaga, S. Sonia Thom, Elizabeth Pratt, Charlotte A. TI Overview of the obesity intervention taxonomy and pooled analysis working group SO TRANSLATIONAL BEHAVIORAL MEDICINE LA English DT Review DE Intervention science; Taxonomy; Pooled analysis ID RESEARCH DEMONSTRATION PROJECT; HEALTH BEHAVIOR-CHANGE; CHILDHOOD OBESITY; CORD; CONSORTIUM; OPPORTUNITIES; PREVENTION; DESIGN; TRIALS AB The National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute and the National Institutes of Health Office of Disease Prevention convened a meeting on August 29-30,2013 entitled "Obesity Intervention Taxonomy and Pooled Analysis." The overarching goals of the meeting were to understand how to decompose interventions targeting behavior change, and in particular, those that focus on obesity and to combine data from groups of related intervention studies to supplement what can be learned from the individual studies. This paper summarizes the workshop recommendations and provides an overview of the two other papers that originated from the workshop and that address decomposition of behavioral change interventions and pooling of data across diverse studies within a consortium. C1 [Belle, Steven H.] Univ Pittsburgh, Grad Sch Publ Hlth, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. [Stevens, June] Univ N Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Cella, David] Northwestern Univ, Feinberg Sch Med, Chicago, IL 60611 USA. [Foltz, Jennifer L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Foltz, Jennifer L.] US PHS, Washington, DC USA. [Loria, Catherine M.; Czajkowski, Susan M.; Arteaga, S. Sonia; Pratt, Charlotte A.] NHLBI, NIH, Bldg 10, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Murray, David M.] Eunice Kennedy Shriver Natl Inst Child Hlth & Hum, NIH, Rockville, MD USA. [Thom, Elizabeth] George Washington Univ, Washington, DC USA. RP Belle, SH (reprint author), Univ Pittsburgh, Grad Sch Publ Hlth, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. EM belle@edc.pitt.edu FU National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute; Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development; NIH Office of Behavioral and Social Science Research; NIH Office of Disease Prevention; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC); National Institute of Digestive, Diabetes, and Kidney Diseases; National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health; National Cancer Institute; Office of Research on Women's Health FX The three manuscripts described in this journal were supported by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, the NIH Office of Behavioral and Social Science Research, the NIH Office of Disease Prevention, National Institute of Digestive, Diabetes, and Kidney Diseases, National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health, National Cancer Institute, Office of Research on Women's Health, and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). The findings and conclusions are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the National Institutes of Health or the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU SPRINGER INTERNATIONAL PUBLISHING AG PI CHAM PA GEWERBESTRASSE 11, CHAM, CH-6330, SWITZERLAND SN 1869-6716 EI 1613-9860 J9 TRANSL BEHAV MED JI Transl. Behav. Med. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 6 IS 2 BP 244 EP 259 DI 10.1007/s13142-015-0365-5 PG 16 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DY6TL UT WOS:000385261100011 PM 27356995 ER PT J AU Ricklefs, CA Asdigian, NL Kalra, HL Mayer, JA Dellavalle, RP Holman, DM Crane, LA AF Ricklefs, Christine A. Asdigian, Nancy L. Kalra, Heidi L. Mayer, Joni A. Dellavalle, Robert P. Holman, Dawn M. Crane, Lori A. TI Indoor tanning promotions on social media in six US cities #UVTanning #tanning SO TRANSLATIONAL BEHAVIORAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE Indoor tanning; Skin cancer; Social media; Advertising ID SKIN-CANCER; UNITED-STATES; MELANOMA; PREVALENCE; FACILITIES; COSTS; ADVERTISEMENTS; MORTALITY; EXPOSURE; BURDEN AB There is no research investigating indoor tanning advertising on social media. We assessed the use of social media to promote indoor tanning. We subscribed to social media platforms in six US cities and content-analyzed promotional messages received. We captured 662 messages on Twitter and Facebook, through salon emails, and in daily deal coupons. Salon postings were most frequent on Twitter and Facebook, with an average of 2-3 postings per week. National chains posted more frequently than local businesses. Forty percent of messages were devoid of tanning content and included photos, jokes, or popular references. Thirty percent mentioned price reductions, and 28 % referenced an upcoming holiday. Sunless tanning (17 %) was promoted more often than ultraviolet tanning (9 %). Tanning salons actively use social media as a strategy for maintaining relationships with customers and offer pricing deals that promote loyalty and high-frequency tanning. C1 [Ricklefs, Christine A.] Univ Colorado, Ctr Canc, Res Informat Shared Resource, Anschutz Med Campus, Aurora, CO USA. [Asdigian, Nancy L.; Crane, Lori A.] Univ Colorado, Dept Community & Behav Hlth, Colorado Sch Publ Hlth, Anschutz Med Campus,13001 E 17th Pl,B119, Aurora, CO 80045 USA. [Kalra, Heidi L.] Chatham Univ, Studies Program, Pittsburgh, PA USA. [Mayer, Joni A.] San Diego State Univ, Grad Sch Publ Hlth, Div Hlth Promot, San Diego, CA 92182 USA. [Dellavalle, Robert P.] Univ Colorado, Colorado Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Anschutz Med Campus, Aurora, CO USA. [Dellavalle, Robert P.] Univ Colorado, Sch Med, Dept Dermatol, Anschutz Med Campus, Aurora, CO USA. [Dellavalle, Robert P.] Dermatol Serv, Aurora, CO USA. [Dellavalle, Robert P.] Eastern Colorado Hlth Care Syst, US Dept Vet Affairs, Denver, CO USA. [Holman, Dawn M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Crane, LA (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Dept Community & Behav Hlth, Colorado Sch Publ Hlth, Anschutz Med Campus,13001 E 17th Pl,B119, Aurora, CO 80045 USA. EM lori.crane@ucdenver.edu FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, Prevention Research Center [U48DP001938-0451] FX This research was supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, Prevention Research Center grant number U48DP001938-0451 to Lori A. Crane. NR 43 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 4 U2 4 PU SPRINGER INTERNATIONAL PUBLISHING AG PI CHAM PA GEWERBESTRASSE 11, CHAM, CH-6330, SWITZERLAND SN 1869-6716 EI 1613-9860 J9 TRANSL BEHAV MED JI Transl. Behav. Med. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 6 IS 2 BP 260 EP 270 DI 10.1007/s13142-015-0378-0 PG 11 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DY6TL UT WOS:000385261100012 PM 27356996 ER PT J AU Flannery, B Del Rio, C AF Flannery, Brendan Del Rio, Carlos TI Appreciation: Philip S. Brachman, 1927-2016 SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ANTHRAX C1 [Flannery, Brendan] Emory Univ, Influenza Div, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Del Rio, Carlos] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Hubert Dept Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Del Rio, Carlos] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Flannery, B (reprint author), Emory Univ, Influenza Div, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. EM bflannery@cdc.gov RI del Rio, Carlos/B-3763-2012 OI del Rio, Carlos/0000-0002-0153-3517 NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0300-5771 EI 1464-3685 J9 INT J EPIDEMIOL JI Int. J. Epidemiol. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 45 IS 3 BP 602 EP 604 DI 10.1093/ije/dyw190 PG 3 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DX8QG UT WOS:000384653200002 PM 27450860 ER PT J AU Hamra, GB Richardson, DB Cardis, E Daniels, RD Gillies, M O'Hagan, JA Haylock, R Laurier, D Leuraud, K Moissonnier, M Schubauer-Berigan, M Thierry-Chef, I Kesminiene, A AF Hamra, Ghassan B. Richardson, David B. Cardis, Elisabeth Daniels, Robert D. Gillies, Michael O'Hagan, Jacqueline A. Haylock, Richard Laurier, Dominique Leuraud, Klervi Moissonnier, Monika Schubauer-Berigan, Mary Thierry-Chef, Isabelle Kesminiene, Ausrele TI Cohort Profile: The International Nuclear Workers Study (INWORKS) SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID EXTERNAL RADIATION-EXPOSURE; IONIZING-RADIATION; INDUSTRY WORKERS; CANCER-RISK; 15-COUNTRY; MORTALITY C1 [Hamra, Ghassan B.] Drexel Univ, Dept Environm & Occupat Hlth, 3215 Market St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Richardson, David B.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Epidemiol, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Cardis, Elisabeth] Ctr Res Environm Epidemiol, Barcelona, Spain. [Cardis, Elisabeth] Univ Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain. [Cardis, Elisabeth] CIBER Epidemiol & Salud Publ, Madrid, Spain. [Daniels, Robert D.; Schubauer-Berigan, Mary] NIOSH, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Gillies, Michael; O'Hagan, Jacqueline A.; Haylock, Richard] Publ Hlth England, Ctr Radiat Chem & Environm Hazards, Chilton, England. [Laurier, Dominique; Leuraud, Klervi] Inst Radiol Protect & Nucl Safety, Fontenay Aux Roses, France. [Moissonnier, Monika; Thierry-Chef, Isabelle; Kesminiene, Ausrele] Int Agcy Res Canc, Lyon, France. RP Hamra, GB (reprint author), Drexel Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm & Occupat Hlth, 3215 Market St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. EM ghassan.b.hamra@drexel.edu RI Cardis, Elisabeth/C-3904-2017 FU International Agency for Research on Cancer; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [5R03 0H010056-02]; Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare of Japan [2012-02-21-01]; IRSN; AREVA; EDF; National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health; U.S. Department of Energy; U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; University of North Carolina from the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health [R03 OH-010056] FX The work reported in this paper was undertaken during the tenure of a postdoctoral fellowship awarded by the International Agency for Research on Cancer. This work was partly funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (5R03 0H010056-02) and the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare of Japan (GA No 2012-02-21-01). The construction of the French cohort was partially supported by IRSN, AREVA and EDF. For the US contribution, funding was provided by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, by the U.S. Department of Energy through an agreement with the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services and through a grant received by the University of North Carolina from the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (R03 OH-010056). NR 17 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0300-5771 EI 1464-3685 J9 INT J EPIDEMIOL JI Int. J. Epidemiol. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 45 IS 3 BP 693 EP 699 DI 10.1093/ije/dyv122 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DX8QG UT WOS:000384653200020 PM 26150557 ER PT J AU Griffin, SO Griffin, PM AF Griffin, Susan O. Griffin, Paul M. TI HOME VISITS AND TELEPHONE CONTACTS FOR PREVENTING EARLY CHILDHOOD CARIES COULD BE COST EFFECTIVE SO JOURNAL OF EVIDENCE-BASED DENTAL PRACTICE LA English DT Editorial Material ID HOSPITALIZATION; CHILDREN C1 [Griffin, Susan O.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Oral Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Griffin, Paul M.] Georgia Tech, Sch Ind & Syst Engn, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Griffin, SO (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Oral Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM sig1@cdc.gov NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B STREET, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1532-3382 EI 1532-3390 J9 J EVID-BASED DENT PR JI J. Evid.-Based Dent. Pract. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 16 IS 2 BP 133 EP 135 DI 10.1016/j.jebdp.2016.05.004 PG 3 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA DW0VL UT WOS:000383361000015 PM 27449846 ER PT J AU Atkins, CY Thomas, TK Lenaker, D Day, GM Hennessy, TW Meltzer, MI AF Atkins, Charisma Y. Thomas, Timothy K. Lenaker, Dane Day, Gretchen M. Hennessy, Thomas W. Meltzer, Martin I. TI Cost-effectiveness of preventing dental caries and full mouth dental reconstructions among Alaska Native children in the Yukon-Kuskokwim delta region of Alaska SO JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH DENTISTRY LA English DT Article DE dental caries; FMDR; dental interventions; cost-effectiveness; cost saving ID EARLY-CHILDHOOD CARIES; FLUORIDE TOOTHPASTE; PRESCHOOL-CHILDREN; PROGRAM; VARNISH; TRIAL AB ObjectiveWe conducted a cost-effectiveness analysis of five specific dental interventions to help guide resource allocation. MethodsWe developed a spreadsheet-based tool, from the healthcare payer perspective, to evaluate the cost effectiveness of specific dental interventions that are currently used among Alaska Native children (6-60 months). Interventions included: water fluoridation, dental sealants, fluoride varnish, tooth brushing with fluoride toothpaste, and conducting initial dental exams on children <18 months of age. We calculated the cost-effectiveness ratio of implementing the proposed interventions to reduce the number of carious teeth and full mouth dental reconstructions (FMDRs) over 10 years. ResultsA total of 322 children received caries treatments completed by a dental provider in the dental chair, while 161 children received FMDRs completed by a dental surgeon in an operating room. The average cost of treating dental caries in the dental chair was $1,467 (approximate to 258,000 per year); while the cost of treating FMDRs was $9,349 (approximate to 1.5 million per year). All interventions were shown to prevent caries and FMDRs; however tooth brushing prevented the greatest number of caries at minimum and maximum effectiveness with 1,433 and 1,910, respectively. Tooth brushing also prevented the greatest number of FMDRs (159 and 211) at minimum and maximum effectiveness. ConclusionsAll of the dental interventions evaluated were shown to produce cost savings. However, the level of that cost saving is dependent on the intervention chosen. C1 [Atkins, Charisma Y.; Meltzer, Martin I.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Hlth Econ & Modeling Unit, Div Preparedness & Emerging Infect, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Thomas, Timothy K.; Day, Gretchen M.] Alaska Native Tribal Hlth Consortium, Anchorage, AK USA. [Lenaker, Dane] Yukon Kuskokwin Hlth Consortium, Bethel, AK USA. [Hennessy, Thomas W.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Arctic Invest Program, Div Preparedness & Emerging Infect, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Atkins, CY (reprint author), 1600 Clifton Rd,Mailstop C18, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM catkins@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 30 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0022-4006 EI 1752-7325 J9 J PUBLIC HEALTH DENT JI J. Public Health Dent. PD SUM PY 2016 VL 76 IS 3 BP 228 EP 240 DI 10.1111/jphd.12141 PG 13 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DW7TI UT WOS:000383854400010 PM 26990678 ER PT J AU Band, VI Crispell, EK Napier, BA Herrera, CM Tharp, GK Vavikolanu, K Pohl, J Read, TD Bosinger, SE Trent, MS Burd, EM Weiss, DS AF Band, Victor I. Crispell, Emily K. Napier, Brooke A. Herrera, Carmen M. Tharp, Greg K. Vavikolanu, Kranthi Pohl, Jan Read, Timothy D. Bosinger, Steven E. Trent, M. Stephen Burd, Eileen M. Weiss, David S. TI Antibiotic failure mediated by a resistant subpopulation in Enterobacter cloacae SO NATURE MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI; SALMONELLA-ENTERICA; RNA-SEQ; PATHOGENS; GENE; PHOP; HETERORESISTANCE; IDENTIFICATION; TYPHIMURIUM; ACTIVATION AB Antibiotic resistance is a major public health threat, further complicated by unexplained treatment failures caused by bacteria that appear antibiotic susceptible. We describe an Enterobacter cloacae isolate harbouring a minor subpopulation that is highly resistant to the last-line antibiotic colistin. This subpopulation was distinct from persisters, became predominant in colistin, returned to baseline after colistin removal and was dependent on the histidine kinase PhoQ. During murine infection, but in the absence of colistin, innate immune defences led to an increased frequency of the resistant subpopulation, leading to inefficacy of subsequent colistin therapy. An isolate with a lower-frequency colistin-resistant subpopulation similarly caused treatment failure but was misclassified as susceptible by current diagnostics once cultured outside the host. These data demonstrate the ability of low-frequency bacterial subpopulations to contribute to clinically relevant antibiotic resistance, elucidating an enigmatic cause of antibiotic treatment failure and highlighting the critical need for more sensitive diagnostics. C1 [Band, Victor I.; Crispell, Emily K.; Napier, Brooke A.; Bosinger, Steven E.] Emory Univ, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Band, Victor I.; Crispell, Emily K.; Napier, Brooke A.; Bosinger, Steven E.; Weiss, David S.] Emory Vaccine Ctr, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Herrera, Carmen M.; Trent, M. Stephen] Univ Georgia, Coll Vet Med, Dept Infect Dis, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Tharp, Greg K.; Bosinger, Steven E.] Emory Univ, Robert W Woodruff Hlth Sci Ctr, Yerkes Natl Primate Res Ctr, Nonhuman Primate Genom Core, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Vavikolanu, Kranthi; Read, Timothy D.; Burd, Eileen M.; Weiss, David S.] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Pohl, Jan] Ctr Dis Control, Biotechnol Core Facil Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Read, Timothy D.; Burd, Eileen M.; Weiss, David S.] Emory Antibiot Resistance Ctr, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Read, Timothy D.] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Human Genet, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Burd, Eileen M.] Emory Univ, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Weiss, David S.] Atlanta VA Med Ctr, Res Serv, Decatur, GA 30033 USA. RP Weiss, DS (reprint author), Emory Vaccine Ctr, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA.; Weiss, DS (reprint author), Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA.; Weiss, DS (reprint author), Emory Antibiot Resistance Ctr, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA.; Weiss, DS (reprint author), Atlanta VA Med Ctr, Res Serv, Decatur, GA 30033 USA. EM david.weiss@emory.edu FU Burroughs Wellcome Fund Investigator in the Pathogenesis of Infectious Disease award; VA Merit Award [I01 BX002788]; National Institutes of Health (NIH) [AI098800]; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases of the NIH [T32AI106699]; NIH [RO1AI064184, RO1AI76322, R21AI11987]; Army Research Office [61789-MA-MUR]; 'Emerging Infections Program (EIP) PPACA: Enhancing Epidemiology and Laboratory Capacity' from the Emory Public Health Bioinformatics Fellowship [1U01CI000906-05] FX The authors thank S. Satola, M. Farley and the Georgia Emerging Infections Program for providing Enterobacter cloacae strains Mu117, Mu819 and R/S-lo, P. Rather for providing plasmid pMQ310, the Yerkes Nonhuman Primate Genomics Core for help with DNA sequencing and analysis, and C.-Y. Chin and D. Bonenberger for breeding and genotyping knockout mice. The authors also thank R. Ahmed, A. Grakoui and W. Shafer for comments and revisions of the manuscript. D. S. W. is supported by a Burroughs Wellcome Fund Investigator in the Pathogenesis of Infectious Disease award, VA Merit Award I01 BX002788 and National Institutes of Health (NIH) grant AI098800. E.K.C. is supported by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases of the NIH under award no. T32AI106699. M.S.T. is supported by the NIH (grants nos RO1AI064184, RO1AI76322 and R21AI11987) and the Army Research Office (grant no. 61789-MA-MUR). T.D.R. and K.V. were supported by 1U01CI000906-05 'Emerging Infections Program (EIP) PPACA: Enhancing Epidemiology and Laboratory Capacity' funding from the Emory Public Health Bioinformatics Fellowship. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the NIH, the Department of Veterans Affairs or the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 50 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 6 U2 6 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 2058-5276 J9 NAT MICROBIOL JI NAT. MICROBIOL PD JUN PY 2016 VL 1 IS 6 AR 16053 DI 10.1038/NMICROBIOL.2016.53 PG 9 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA DW4ID UT WOS:000383605500009 PM 27572838 ER PT J AU Li, CJ Hatta, M Burke, DF Ping, JH Zhang, Y Ozawa, M Taft, AS Das, SC Hanson, AP Song, JS Imai, M Wilker, PR Watanabe, T Watanabe, S Ito, M Iwatsuki-Horimoto, K Russell, CA James, SL Skepner, E Maher, EA Neumann, G Klimov, AI Kelso, A McCauley, J Wang, DY Shu, YL Odagiri, T Tashiro, M Xu, XY Wentworth, DE Katz, JM Cox, NJ Smith, DJ Kawaoka, Y AF Li, Chengjun Hatta, Masato Burke, David F. Ping, Jihui Zhang, Ying Ozawa, Makoto Taft, Andrew S. Das, Subash C. Hanson, Anthony P. Song, Jiasheng Imai, Masaki Wilker, Peter R. Watanabe, Tokiko Watanabe, Shinji Ito, Mutsumi Iwatsuki-Horimoto, Kiyoko Russell, Colin A. James, Sarah L. Skepner, Eugene Maher, Eileen A. Neumann, Gabriele Klimov, Alexander I. Kelso, Anne McCauley, John Wang, Dayan Shu, Yuelong Odagiri, Takato Tashiro, Masato Xu, Xiyan Wentworth, David E. Katz, Jacqueline M. Cox, Nancy J. Smith, Derek J. Kawaoka, Yoshihiro TI Selection of antigenically advanced variants of seasonal influenza viruses SO NATURE MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID BINDING-PROPERTIES; STRAIN SELECTION; A VIRUSES; HEMAGGLUTININ; VACCINE; EVOLUTION; DRIFT; A(H3N2); H1N1; SPECIFICITY AB Influenza viruses mutate frequently, necessitating constant updates of vaccine viruses. To establish experimental approaches that may complement the current vaccine strain selection process, we selected antigenic variants from human H1N1 and H3N2 influenza virus libraries possessing random mutations in the globular head of the haemagglutinin protein ( which includes the antigenic sites) by incubating them with human and/or ferret convalescent sera to human H1N1 and H3N2 viruses. We also selected antigenic escape variants from human viruses treated with convalescent sera and from mice that had been previously immunized against human influenza viruses. Our pilot studies with past influenza viruses identified escape mutants that were antigenically similar to variants that emerged in nature, establishing the feasibility of our approach. Our studies with contemporary human influenza viruses identified escape mutants before they caused an epidemic in 2014-2015. This approach may aid in the prediction of potential antigenic escape variants and the selection of future vaccine candidates before they become widespread in nature. C1 [Li, Chengjun; Hatta, Masato; Ping, Jihui; Zhang, Ying; Ozawa, Makoto; Taft, Andrew S.; Das, Subash C.; Hanson, Anthony P.; Song, Jiasheng; Imai, Masaki; Wilker, Peter R.; Maher, Eileen A.; Neumann, Gabriele; Kawaoka, Yoshihiro] Univ Wisconsin, Sch Vet Med, Influenza Res Inst, Dept Pathobiol Sci, Madison, WI 53711 USA. [Burke, David F.; James, Sarah L.; Skepner, Eugene; Smith, Derek J.] Univ Cambridge, Dept Zool, Downing St, Cambridge CB2 3EJ, England. [Burke, David F.; Russell, Colin A.; James, Sarah L.; Skepner, Eugene; Smith, Derek J.] WHO, Collaborating Ctr Modelling Evolut & Control Emer, Cambridge CB2 3EJ, England. [Ozawa, Makoto; Kawaoka, Yoshihiro] Univ Tokyo, Inst Med Sci, Int Res Ctr Infect Dis, Dept Special Pathogens, Tokyo 1088639, Japan. [Imai, Masaki] Iwate Univ, Fac Agr, Dept Vet Med, Morioka, Iwate 0208550, Japan. [Watanabe, Tokiko; Watanabe, Shinji; Kawaoka, Yoshihiro] ERATO Infect Induced Host Responses Project, Saitama 3320012, Japan. [Ito, Mutsumi; Iwatsuki-Horimoto, Kiyoko; Kawaoka, Yoshihiro] Univ Tokyo, Inst Med Sci, Div Virol, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Tokyo 1088639, Japan. [Russell, Colin A.] NIH, Fogarty Int Ctr, Bldg 10, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Russell, Colin A.] Univ Cambridge, Dept Vet Med, Cambridge CB3 0ES, England. [Klimov, Alexander I.; Xu, Xiyan; Wentworth, David E.; Katz, Jacqueline M.; Cox, Nancy J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30033 USA. [Kelso, Anne] Peter Doherty Inst Infect & Immun, WHO Collaborating Ctr Reference & Res Influenza V, Melbourne, Vic 3000, Australia. [McCauley, John] Natl Inst Med Res, MRC, Div Virol, Mill Hill, London NW7 1AA, England. [Wang, Dayan; Shu, Yuelong] Natl Inst Viral Dis Control & Prevent, Chinese Natl Influenza Ctr, Chinese Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Beijing 102206, Peoples R China. [Odagiri, Takato; Tashiro, Masato] Natl Inst Infect Dis, Influenza Virus Res Ctr, Tokyo 2080011, Japan. [Smith, Derek J.] Erasmus MC, Dept Virol, NL-3000 CA Rotterdam, CA, Netherlands. RP Kawaoka, Y (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Sch Vet Med, Influenza Res Inst, Dept Pathobiol Sci, Madison, WI 53711 USA.; Smith, DJ (reprint author), Univ Cambridge, Dept Zool, Downing St, Cambridge CB2 3EJ, England.; Smith, DJ (reprint author), WHO, Collaborating Ctr Modelling Evolut & Control Emer, Cambridge CB2 3EJ, England.; Kawaoka, Y (reprint author), Univ Tokyo, Inst Med Sci, Int Res Ctr Infect Dis, Dept Special Pathogens, Tokyo 1088639, Japan.; Kawaoka, Y (reprint author), ERATO Infect Induced Host Responses Project, Saitama 3320012, Japan.; Kawaoka, Y (reprint author), Univ Tokyo, Inst Med Sci, Div Virol, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Tokyo 1088639, Japan.; Smith, DJ (reprint author), Erasmus MC, Dept Virol, NL-3000 CA Rotterdam, CA, Netherlands. EM dsmith@zoo.cam.ac.uk; kawaokay@svm.vetmed.wisc.edu FU Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation Global Health Grant [OPPGH5383]; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) Public Health Service research grants (USA); ERATO(Japan Science and Technology Agency); Center for Research on Influenza Pathogenesis (CRIP) - NIAID [HHSN266200700010C, HHSN272201400008C]; Japan Initiative for Global Research Network on Infectious Diseases; Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology, Japan; Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare, Japan; Strategic Basic Research Program of the Japan Science and Technology Agency; Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (AMED); Royal Society; Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO) VICI grant; European Union (EU) FP7 programme EMPERIE [223498]; European Union (EU) FP7 programme ANTIGONE [278976]; Human Frontier Science Program (HFSP) programme grant [P0050/2008]; Wellcome [087982AIA]; NIH Director's Pioneer Award [DP1-OD000490-01]; CamGrid, the University of Cambridge distributed computer system; Australian Government Department of Health FX The authors thank S. Watson for scientific editing and P. Jester for technical support. This work was supported by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation Global Health Grant OPPGH5383; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) Public Health Service research grants (USA); ERATO(Japan Science and Technology Agency); the Center for Research on Influenza Pathogenesis (CRIP) funded by the NIAID contracts HHSN266200700010C and HHSN272201400008C; the Japan Initiative for Global Research Network on Infectious Diseases; Grants-in-Aid for Specially Promoted Research from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology, Japan; Grants-in-Aid from the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare, Japan; grants from the Strategic Basic Research Program of the Japan Science and Technology Agency and by the Advanced Research & Development Programs for Medical Innovation from the Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (AMED). C.A.R. was supported by a University Research Fellowship from the Royal Society. The authors acknowledge a Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO) VICI grant, European Union (EU) FP7 programmes EMPERIE (223498) and ANTIGONE (278976); Human Frontier Science Program (HFSP) programme grant P0050/2008; Wellcome 087982AIA and NIH Director's Pioneer Award DP1-OD000490-01. D.F.B. and D.J.S. acknowledge support from CamGrid, the University of Cambridge distributed computer system. The Melbourne WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza is supported by the Australian Government Department of Health. The origins of the HA and NA gene sequences used in this study are recognized in Supplementary Table 25. The content of this report is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health. Note: The methods used in this manuscript could potentially select for variants of A(H1N1)pdm09 viruses that could escape vaccine-based immunity; therefore, our manuscript was reviewed by the CDC's Institutional Biosecurity Board, which concluded this study does not constitute Dual Use Research of Concern (DURC). The selection of antigenic escape variants was completed before the US Government issued a Research Funding Pause on 17 October 2014, on selected gain-of-function research on influenza, MERS and SARS viruses. NR 38 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 10 U2 10 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND EI 2058-5276 J9 NAT MICROBIOL JI NAT. MICROBIOL PD JUN PY 2016 VL 1 IS 6 AR 16058 DI 10.1038/NMICROBIOL.2016.58 PG 10 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA DW4ID UT WOS:000383605500012 PM 27572841 ER PT J AU Praptiningsih, CY Lafond, KE Wahyuningrum, Y Storms, AD Mangiri, A Iuliano, AD Samaan, G Titaley, CR Yelda, F Kreslake, J Storey, D Uyeki, TM AF Praptiningsih, Catharina Y. Lafond, Kathryn E. Wahyuningrum, Yunita Storms, Aaron D. Mangiri, Amalya Iuliano, Angela D. Samaan, Gina Titaley, Christiana R. Yelda, Fitra Kreslake, Jennifer Storey, Douglas Uyeki, Timothy M. TI Healthcare-seeking behaviors for acute respiratory illness in two communities of Java, Indonesia: a cross-sectional survey SO JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY AND GLOBAL HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Healthcare-seeking; behavior; Indonesia; Respiratory illness ID TRACT INFECTION; ACQUIRED PNEUMONIA; INFLUENZA; CHILDREN; SURVEILLANCE; EPIDEMIOLOGY; DISEASE; KENYA; H5N1; SENSITIVITY AB Understanding healthcare-seeking patterns for respiratory illness can help improve estimations of disease burden and inform public health interventions to control acute respiratory disease in Indonesia. The objectives of this study were to describe healthcare-seeking behaviors for respiratory illnesses in one rural and one urban community in Western Java, and to explore the factors that affect care seeking. From February 8, 2012 to March 1, 2012, a survey was conducted in 2520 households in the East Jakarta and Bogor districts to identify reported recent respiratory illnesses, as well as all hospitalizations from the previous 12-month period. We found that 4% (10% of those less than 5 years) of people had respiratory disease resulting in a visit to a healthcare provider in the past 2 weeks; these episodes were most commonly treated at government (33%) or private (44%) clinics. Forty-five people (0.4% of those surveyed) had respiratory hospitalizations in the past year, and just over half of these (24/45, 53%) occurred at a public hospital. Public health programs targeting respiratory disease in this region should account for care at private hospitals and clinics, as well as illnesses that are treated at home, in order to capture the true burden of illness in these communities. Ministry of Health, Saudi Arabia, Production and hosting by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license C1 [Praptiningsih, Catharina Y.; Mangiri, Amalya; Samaan, Gina] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Jakarta, Indonesia. [Lafond, Kathryn E.; Storms, Aaron D.; Iuliano, Angela D.; Uyeki, Timothy M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, MS A-32,1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Lafond, Kathryn E.] Univ Tampere, Sch Hlth Sci, Tampere, Finland. [Wahyuningrum, Yunita; Kreslake, Jennifer; Storey, Douglas] Johns Hopkins Sch Publ Hlth, Ctr Commun Program, Baltimore, MD USA. [Storms, Aaron D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Titaley, Christiana R.; Yelda, Fitra] Univ Indonesia, Ctr Hlth Res, Depok, West Java, Indonesia. RP Lafond, KE (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, MS A-32,1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM gmj3@cdc.gov OI Kreslake, Jennifer/0000-0001-6605-1327 NR 36 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 2210-6006 EI 2210-6014 J9 J EPIDEMIOL GLOB HEA JI J. Epidemiol. Glob. Health PD JUN PY 2016 VL 6 IS 2 BP 77 EP 86 DI 10.1016/j.jegh.2016.01.002 PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DT5GK UT WOS:000381509500005 PM 26930154 ER PT J AU Levin, MJ Weinberg, A Schmid, DS AF Levin, Myron J. Weinberg, Adriana Schmid, D. Scott TI Herpes Simplex Virus and Varicella-Zoster Virus SO MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM LA English DT Article ID REAL-TIME PCR; POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; CENTRAL-NERVOUS-SYSTEM; HUMAN TRIGEMINAL GANGLIA; WILD-TYPE STRAINS; KILLER T-CELLS; GENITAL HERPES; CEREBROSPINAL-FLUID; CLINICAL SPECIMENS; VACCINE-STRAIN AB The most common specimens from immunocompromised patients that are analyzed for detection of herpes simplex virus (HSV) or varicella-zoster virus (VZV) are from skin lesions. Many types of assays are applicable to these samples, but some, such as virus isolation and direct fluorescent antibody testing, are useful only in the early phases of the lesions. In contrast, nucleic acid (NA) detection methods, which generally have superior sensitivity and specificity, can be applied to skin lesions at any stage of progression. NA methods are also the best choice, and sometimes the only choice, for detecting HSV or VZV in blood, cerebrospinal fluid, aqueous or vitreous humor, and from mucosal surfaces. NA methods provide the best performance when reliability and speed (within 24 hours) are considered together. They readily distinguish the type of HSV detected or the source of VZV detected (wild type or vaccine strain). Nucleic acid detection methods are constantly being improved with respect to speed and ease of performance. Broader applications are under study, such as the use of quantitative results of viral load for prognosis and to assess the efficacy of antiviral therapy. C1 [Levin, Myron J.; Weinberg, Adriana] Univ Colorado, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Anschutz Med Campus, Aurora, CO 80045 USA. [Levin, Myron J.; Weinberg, Adriana] Univ Colorado, Sch Med, Dept Med, Anschutz Med Campus, Aurora, CO 80045 USA. [Weinberg, Adriana] Univ Colorado, Sch Med, Dept Pathol, Anschutz Med Campus, Aurora, CO 80045 USA. [Schmid, D. Scott] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Herpesvirus Team, NCID DVD MMRHLB, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Levin, MJ (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Anschutz Med Campus, Aurora, CO 80045 USA.; Levin, MJ (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Sch Med, Dept Med, Anschutz Med Campus, Aurora, CO 80045 USA. EM myron.levin@ucdenver.edu NR 161 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA EI 2165-0497 J9 MICROBIOL SPECTR JI Microbiol. Spectr. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 4 IS 3 AR UNSP DMIH2-0017-2015 DI 10.1128/microbiolspec.DMIH2-0017-2015 PG 20 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA DT9GD UT WOS:000381803300009 ER PT J AU Lockhart, SR Mccotter, OZ Chiller, TM AF Lockhart, Shawn R. Mccotter, Orion Z. Chiller, Tom M. TI Emerging Fungal Infections in the Pacific Northwest: The Unrecognized Burden and Geographic Range of Cryptococcus gattii and Coccidioides immitis SO MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM LA English DT Article ID VANCOUVER-ISLAND OUTBREAK; BRITISH-COLUMBIA; UNITED-STATES; NORTHERN CALIFORNIA; WASHINGTON-STATE; NEOFORMANS; CANADA; EPIDEMIOLOGY; GENOTYPE; USA AB Both Cryptococcus gattii and Coccidioides can cause debilitating diseases if not identified early. It is imperative that clinicians recognize these diseases and begin treatment quickly when necessary. In order to have these two mycoses in their differential diagnosis, clinicians, microbiologists, and public health officials must be aware of the expanding geographic boundary in the case of Coccidioides immitis and the new emergence in the case of C. gattii. Accordingly, there is now mandatory reporting for cases of C. gattii and C. immitis in both Washington and Oregon, and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention keeps a repository of available isolates. Through the One Health initiative, clinicians, veterinarians, and public health officials are collaborating to better understand the emergence and expanding geographic range of these extremely important fungal diseases. C1 [Lockhart, Shawn R.; Mccotter, Orion Z.; Chiller, Tom M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Mycot Dis Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Chiller, TM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Mycot Dis Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM tnc3@cdc.gov NR 58 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 4 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA EI 2165-0497 J9 MICROBIOL SPECTR JI Microbiol. Spectr. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 4 IS 3 AR UNSP EI10-0016-2016 DI 10.1128/microbiolspec.EI10-0016-2016 PG 7 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA DT9GD UT WOS:000381803300020 ER PT J AU Mahon, BE Fields, PI AF Mahon, Barbara E. Fields, Patricia I. TI Invasive Infections with Nontyphoidal Salmonella in Sub-Saharan Africa SO MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM LA English DT Article ID NON-TYPHOIDAL SALMONELLA; ENTERICA SEROVAR TYPHIMURIUM; BLOOD-STREAM INFECTIONS; MALAWIAN CHILDREN; SOUTH-AFRICA; ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE; CLINICAL PRESENTATION; SEROTYPE TYPHIMURIUM; NOSOCOMIAL OUTBREAK; FALCIPARUM-MALARIA AB Invasive nontyphoidal Salmonella (NTS) infections in Africa cause an enormous burden of illness. These infections are often devastating, with mortality estimated at 20%, even with appropriate antimicrobial therapy. Two major groups-young children and HIV-infected adults-suffer the great majority of these infections. In children, younger age itself, as well as malaria, malnutrition, and HIV infection, are prominent risk factors. In adults, HIV infection is by far the most important risk factor. The most common serotypes in invasive infections are Salmonella enterica serotypes Typhimurium and Enteritidis. In recent years, a specific strain of Salmonella Typhimurium, multilocus sequence type 313, has caused epidemics of invasive disease. Little is known about risk factors for exposure to NTS, making the design of rational interventions to decrease exposure difficult. Antimicrobial therapy is critically important for treatment of invasive NTS infections. Thus, the emergence and spread of resistance to agents commonly used for treatment of invasive NTS infection, now including third-generation cephalosporins, is an ominous development. Already, many invasive NTS infections are essentially untreatable in many health care facilities in sub-Saharan Africa. Several candidate vaccines are in early development and, if safe and effective, could be promising. Interventions to prevent exposure to NTS (e.g., improved sanitation), to prevent the occurrence of disease if exposure does occur (e.g., vaccination, malaria control), and to prevent severe disease and death in those who become ill (e.g., preserving antimicrobial effectiveness) are all important in reducing the toll of invasive NTS disease in sub-Saharan Africa. C1 [Mahon, Barbara E.; Fields, Patricia I.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. RP Mahon, BE (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM bmahon@cdc.gov NR 99 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 6 U2 6 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA EI 2165-0497 J9 MICROBIOL SPECTR JI Microbiol. Spectr. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 4 IS 3 AR UNSP EI10-0015-2016 DI 10.1128/microbiolspec.EI10-0015-2016 PG 12 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA DT9GD UT WOS:000381803300019 ER PT J AU Rasmussen, SA Watson, AK Swerdlow, DL AF Rasmussen, Sonja A. Watson, Amelia K. Swerdlow, David L. TI Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) SO MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM LA English DT Article ID SYNDROME CORONAVIRUS INFECTION; PUBLIC-HEALTH AUTHORITIES; DIPEPTIDYL PEPTIDASE 4; RECEPTOR-BINDING DOMAIN; TO-HUMAN TRANSMISSION; SAUDI-ARABIA; DROMEDARY CAMELS; COV INFECTION; NEUTRALIZING ANTIBODIES; SARS CORONAVIRUS AB Since the identification of the first patients with Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) in 2012, over 1,600 cases have been reported as of February 2016. Most cases have occurred in Saudi Arabia or in other countries on or near the Arabian Peninsula, but travel-associated cases have also been seen in countries outside the Arabian Peninsula. MERS-CoV causes a severe respiratory illness in many patients, with a case fatality rate as high as 40%, although when contacts are investigated, a significant proportion of patients are asymptomatic or only have mild symptoms. At this time, no vaccines or treatments are available. Epidemiological and other data suggest that the source of most primary cases is exposure to camels. Person-to-person transmission occurs in household and health care settings, although sustained and efficient person-to-person transmission has not been observed. Strict adherence to infection control recommendations has been associated with control of previous outbreaks. Vigilance is needed because genomic changes in MERS-CoV could result in increased transmissibility, similar to what was seen in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV). C1 [Rasmussen, Sonja A.; Swerdlow, David L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Watson, Amelia K.] Univ Georgia, Athens, GA 30602 USA. RP Rasmussen, SA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM skr9@cdc.gov NR 166 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 4 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA EI 2165-0497 J9 MICROBIOL SPECTR JI Microbiol. Spectr. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 4 IS 3 AR UNSP EI10-0020-2016 DI 10.1128/microbiolspec.EI10-0020-2016 PG 23 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA DT9GD UT WOS:000381803300024 ER PT J AU Sejvar, JJ AF Sejvar, James J. TI West Nile Virus Infection SO MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM LA English DT Article ID NEW-YORK-CITY; HUMANIZED MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODY; ORGAN TRANSPLANT RECIPIENTS; POLIOMYELITIS-LIKE SYNDROME; NORTHEASTERN UNITED-STATES; ACUTE FLACCID PARALYSIS; MR-IMAGING FINDINGS; JAPANESE ENCEPHALITIS; BLOOD-TRANSFUSION; RISK-FACTORS AB Although long recognized as a human pathogen, West Nile virus (WNV) emerged as a significant public health problem following its introduction and spread across North America. Subsequent years have seen a greater understanding of all aspects of this viral infection. The North American epidemic resulted in a further understanding of the virology, pathogenesis, clinical features, and epidemiology of WNV infection. Approximately 80% of human WNV infections are asymptomatic. Most symptomatic people experience an acute systemic febrile illness; less than 1% of infected people develop neuroinvasive disease, which typically manifests as meningitis, encephalitis, or anterior myelitis resulting in acute flaccid paralysis. Older age is associated with more severe illness and higher mortality; other risk factors for poor outcome have been challenging to identify. In addition to natural infection through mosquito bites, transfusion-and organ transplant-associated infections have occurred. Since there is no definitive treatment for WNV infection, protection from mosquito bites and other preventative measures are critical. WNV has reached an endemic pattern in North America, but the future epidemiologic pattern is uncertain. C1 [Sejvar, James J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, NCEZID, Div High Consequence Pathogens & Pathol, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Sejvar, JJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, NCEZID, Div High Consequence Pathogens & Pathol, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM zea3@cdc.gov NR 216 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 6 U2 6 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA EI 2165-0497 J9 MICROBIOL SPECTR JI Microbiol. Spectr. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 4 IS 3 AR UNSP EI10-0021-2016 DI 10.1128/microbiolspec.EI10-0021-2016 PG 19 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA DT9GD UT WOS:000381803300025 ER PT J AU Gumber, S Nascimento, FS Rogers, KA Bishop, HS Rivera, HN Xayavong, MV Devare, SG Schochetman, G Amancha, PK Qvarnstrom, Y Wilkins, PP Villinger, F AF Gumber, Sanjeev Nascimento, Fernanda S. Rogers, Kenneth A. Bishop, Henry S. Rivera, Hilda N. Xayavong, Maniphet V. Devare, Sushil G. Schochetman, Gerald Amancha, Praveen K. Qvarnstrom, Yvonne Wilkins, Patricia P. Villinger, Francois TI Experimental transfusion-induced Babesia microti infection: dynamics of parasitemia and immune responses in a rhesus macaque model SO TRANSFUSION LA English DT Article ID POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; MACACA-MULATTA; HAMSTER MODEL; UNITED-STATES; DIAGNOSIS; DONOR; MICE; PCR; AZITHROMYCIN; MACROPHAGES AB BACKGROUND: Babesiosis is an emerging tick-borne infection in humans. The increasing numbers of reported cases of transfusion-associated babesiosis (TAB), primarily caused by Babesia microti, represents a concern for the safety of the US blood supply. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: This study investigated kinetics of parasitemia and innate immune responses and dynamics of antibody responses during B. microti infection in rhesus macaques (RMs) using blood smears, quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), flow cytometry, and indirect fluorescent antibody testing. A total of six monkeys were transfused with either hamster or monkey-passaged B. microti-infected red blood cells (two and four monkeys, respectively) simulating TAB. RESULTS: The prepatent period in monkeys inoculated with hamster-passaged B. microti was 35 days compared with 4 days in monkeys transfused with monkey-passaged B. microti; the latter monkeys also had markedly higher parasitemia levels. The duration of the window period from the first detected parasitemia by qPCR analysis to the first detected antibody response ranged from 10 to 17 days. Antibody responses fluctuated during the course of the infection. Innate responses assessed by the frequencies of monocytes and activated B cells correlated with the kinetics and magnitude of parasitemia. On Day 14, additional activation peaks were noted for CD14+CD16+ and CD14-CD16+ monocytes and for CD11c+ myeloid dendritic cells, but only in animals transfused with monkey-passaged B. microti. Parasitemia persisted in these immunocompetent animals, similar to human infection. CONCLUSION: The results suggest that transfusion-associated transmission of B. microti leads to rapid onset of parasitemia (Day 4) in RMs, detectable antibody response 14 days later, and persistent parasitemia. C1 [Gumber, Sanjeev] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Div Pathol, Yerkes Natl Primate Res Ctr, Atlanta, GA USA. [Amancha, Praveen K.; Villinger, Francois] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Div Microbiol & Immunol, Yerkes Natl Primate Res Ctr, Atlanta, GA USA. [Gumber, Sanjeev; Villinger, Francois] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, Atlanta, GA USA. [Nascimento, Fernanda S.; Rogers, Kenneth A.; Bishop, Henry S.; Rivera, Hilda N.; Xayavong, Maniphet V.; Qvarnstrom, Yvonne; Wilkins, Patricia P.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Schochetman, Gerald] Abbott Labs, Abbott Diagnost, Abbott Pk, IL USA. RP Gumber, S (reprint author), Emory Univ, Div Pathol, Yerkes Natl Primate Res Ctr, 954 Gatewood Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM sgumber@emory.edu OI Gumber, Sanjeev/0000-0001-9048-2717 FU Abbott Diagnostics; NIH [P51OD11132]; CNPq [236608/2013-4] FX This work was supported by Abbott Diagnostics and the NIH support to the YNPRC P51OD11132. FSN was supported by CNPq fellowship (236608/2013-4). NR 47 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 3 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0041-1132 EI 1537-2995 J9 TRANSFUSION JI Transfusion PD JUN PY 2016 VL 56 IS 6 SI SI BP 1508 EP 1519 DI 10.1111/trf.13521 PN 2 PG 12 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA DS1NC UT WOS:000380361600005 PM 26892459 ER PT J AU Willson, S Miller, K Seem, D Kuehnert, MJ AF Willson, Stephanie Miller, Kristen Seem, Debbie Kuehnert, Matthew J. TI Cognitive evaluation of the AABB Uniform Donor History Questionnaire SO TRANSFUSION LA English DT Article ID BLOOD-DONATION AB BACKGROUND: This article reports key findings of an evaluation of the AABB Uniform Donor History Questionnaire (a self-administered form completed before blood donation). The purpose of the study was to examine how respondents understand the questions and assess the nature of inaccurate responses. Another goal was to determine whether men who have sex with men (MSM) interpreted questions differently from non-MSM and whether questions were interpreted differently in various regions of the country. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: Cognitive interviewing was used for the study. This is a qualitative method that investigates how survey questions perform. It consists of semistructured interviews that explore whether respondents understand questions as intended and whether they can provide accurate answers. A total of 166 interviews were conducted. RESULTS: Respondents had an overwhelmingly similar understanding of the purpose of the questionnaire as assessing the safety of their blood for donation. This understanding framed respondents' interpretations such that each question was understood as asking the same thing; that is, "Is my blood safe to donate?" This interpretation did not vary among MSM versus non-MSM or by region. CONCLUSION: Respondents understood the questionnaire as assessing the safety of their blood. This interpretation served as the backdrop for the question-response process for each individual question. Specifically, rationale for answers was framed as much or more by the questionnaire's general purpose as by the specific topic of individual questions. This pattern of interpretation was the key factor responsible for both false-positive and false-negative response errors and did not vary by demographic, including in MSM. C1 [Willson, Stephanie; Miller, Kristen] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. [Seem, Debbie] US Dept HHS, Off Assistant Secretary Hlth, Off HIV AIDS & Infect Dis Policy, Washington, DC 20201 USA. [Kuehnert, Matthew J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Off Blood Organ & Other Tissue Safety, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Kuehnert, MJ (reprint author), 1600 Clifton Rd,Mailstop A-07, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM mkuehnert@cdc.gov FU Department of Health and Human Services, Office of the Assistant Secretary for Health FX This work was funded by the Department of Health and Human Services, Office of the Assistant Secretary for Health. The opinions expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the view of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the Department of Health and Human Services, or the United States government. NR 13 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0041-1132 EI 1537-2995 J9 TRANSFUSION JI Transfusion PD JUN PY 2016 VL 56 IS 6 SI SI BP 1662 EP 1667 DI 10.1111/trf.13587 PN 2 PG 6 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA DS1NC UT WOS:000380361600024 PM 27060456 ER PT J AU Palipudi, KM Morton, J Hsia, J Andes, L Asma, S Talley, B Caixeta, RD Fouad, H Khoury, RN Ramanandraibe, N Rarick, J Sinha, DN Pujari, S d'Espaignet, ET AF Palipudi, Krishna Mohan Morton, Jeremy Hsia, Jason Andes, Linda Asma, Samira Talley, Brandon Caixeta, Roberta D. Fouad, Heba Khoury, Rula N. Ramanandraibe, Nivo Rarick, James Sinha, Dhirendra N. Pujari, Sameer d'Espaignet, Edouard Tursan CA GATS Collaborative Grp TI Methodology of the Global Adult Tobacco Survey-2008-2010 SO GLOBAL HEALTH PROMOTION LA English DT Article DE tobacco; surveillance AB In 2008, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and the World Health Organization developed the Global Adult Tobacco Survey (GATS), an instrument to monitor global tobacco use and measure indicators of tobacco control. GATS, a nationally representative household survey of persons aged 15 years or older, was conducted for the first time during 2008-2010 in 14 low-and middle-income countries. In each country, GATS used a standard core questionnaire, sample design, and procedures for data collection and management and, as needed, added country-specific questions that were reviewed and approved by international experts. The core questionnaire included questions about various characteristics of the respondents, their tobacco use (smoking and smokeless), and a wide range of tobacco-related topics (cessation; secondhand smoke; economics; media; and knowledge, attitudes, and perceptions). In each country, a multistage cluster sample design was used, with households selected proportionate to the size of the population. Households were chosen randomly within a primary or secondary sampling unit, and one respondent was selected at random from each household to participate in the survey. Interviewers administered the survey in the country's local language(s) using handheld electronic data collection devices. Interviews were conducted privately, and same-sex interviewers were used in countries where mixed-sex interviews would be culturally inappropriate. All 14 countries completed the survey during 2008-2010. In each country, the ministry of health was the lead coordinating agency for GATS, and the survey was implemented by national statistical organizations or surveillance institutes. This article describes the background and rationale for GATS and includes a comprehensive description of the survey methods and protocol. C1 [Palipudi, Krishna Mohan; Morton, Jeremy; Hsia, Jason; Andes, Linda; Asma, Samira] CDC, Global Tobacco Control Branch, Off Smoking & Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Talley, Brandon] CDC Fdn, Atlanta, GA USA. [Caixeta, Roberta D.] WHO, Reg Amer, Washington, DC USA. [Fouad, Heba] WHO, Reg Off Eastern Mediterranean, Cairo, Egypt. [Khoury, Rula N.] WHO, Reg Off Europe, Copenhagen, Denmark. [Ramanandraibe, Nivo] WHO, Reg Off Africa, Brazzaville, Congo. [Rarick, James] WHO, Western Pacific Reg Off, Manila, Philippines. [Sinha, Dhirendra N.] WHO, South East Asia Reg Off, New Delhi, India. [Pujari, Sameer; d'Espaignet, Edouard Tursan] WHO, Geneva, Switzerland. RP Palipudi, KM (reprint author), CDC, Global Tobacco Surveillance Syst, Global Tobacco Control Branch, Off Smoking & Hlth,Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & H, 4770 Buford Hwy NE,MS F-79, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM kpalipudi@cdc.gov FU Bloomberg Initiative to Reduce Tobacco Use, a program of Bloomberg Philanthropies; Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation FX Funding for the Global Adult Tobacco Survey (GATS) is provided by the Bloomberg Initiative to Reduce Tobacco Use, a program of Bloomberg Philanthropies. Governments of Brazil and India contributed to GATS implementation in their respective countries. Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation provided additional funding for GATS implementation in China. NR 19 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 3 U2 3 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 1757-9759 EI 1757-9767 J9 GLOB HEALTH PROMOT JI Glob. Health Promot. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 23 SU 2 BP 3 EP 23 DI 10.1177/1757975913499800 PG 21 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DR5ST UT WOS:000379963400001 PM 24042975 ER PT J AU Song, Y Zhao, LH Palipudi, KM Asma, S Morton, J Talley, B Hsia, J Ramanandraibe, N Caixeta, R Fouad, H Khoury, R Sinha, D Rarick, J Bettcher, D Peruga, A Deland, K D'Espaignet, ET AF Song, Yang Zhao, Luhua Palipudi, Krishna Mohan Asma, Samira Morton, Jeremy Talley, Brandon Hsia, Jason Ramanandraibe, Nivo Caixeta, Roberta Fouad, Heba Khoury, Rula Sinha, Dhirendra Rarick, James Bettcher, Douglas Peruga, Armando Deland, Katherine D'Espaignet, Edouard Tursan CA Global Adult Tobacco Survey GATS TI Tracking MPOWER in 14 countries: results from the Global Adult Tobacco Survey, 2008-2010 SO GLOBAL HEALTH PROMOTION LA English DT Article DE Centers for Disease Control; Global Adult Tobacco Survey; MPOWER; policy; questionnaire; quitting rates; smoking; surveillance; tobacco; tobacco control; tobacco taxes; World Health Organization AB Background: The World Health Organization (WHO) MPOWER is a technical package of six tobacco control measures that assist countries in meeting their obligations of the WHO Framework Convention Tobacco Control and are proven to reduce tobacco use. The Global Adult Tobacco Survey (GATS) systematically monitors adult tobacco use and tracks key tobacco control indicators. Methods: GATS is a nationally representative household survey of adults aged 15 and older, using a standard and consistent protocol across countries; it includes information on the six WHO MPOWER measures. GATS Phase I was conducted from 2008-2010 in 14 high-burden low- and middle-income countries. We selected one key indicator from each of the six MPOWER measures and compared results across 14 countries. Results: Current tobacco use prevalence rates ranged from 16.1% in Mexico to 43.3% in Bangladesh. We found that the highest rate of exposure to secondhand smoke in the workplace was in China (63.3%). We found the highest smoking quit attempt' rates in the past 12 months among cigarette smokers in Viet Nam (55.3%) and the lowest rate was in the Russian Federation (32.1%). In five of the 14 countries, more than one-half of current smokers in those 5 countries said they thought of quitting because of health warning labels on cigarette packages. The Philippines (74.3%) and the Russian Federation (68.0%) had the highest percentages of respondents noticing any cigarette advertising, promotion and sponsorship. Manufactured cigarette affordability ranged from 0.6% in Russia to 8.0% in India. Conclusions Monitoring tobacco use and tobacco control policy achievements is crucial to managing and implementing measures to reverse the epidemic. GATS provides internationally-comparable data that systematically monitors and tracks the progress of the other five MPOWER measures. C1 [Song, Yang; Zhao, Luhua; Palipudi, Krishna Mohan; Asma, Samira; Morton, Jeremy; Hsia, Jason] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Global Tobacco Control Branch, Off Smoking & Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Talley, Brandon] CDC Fdn, Tobacco Control Initiat, Atlanta, GA USA. [Ramanandraibe, Nivo] WHO, Reg Off Afr, Brazzaville, Congo. [Caixeta, Roberta] WHO, Reg Off Amer, Washington, DC USA. [Fouad, Heba] WHO, Reg Off Eastern Mediterranean, Cairo, Egypt. [Khoury, Rula] WHO, Reg Off Europe, Copenhagen, Denmark. [Sinha, Dhirendra] WHO, South East Asia Reg Off, New Delhi, India. [Rarick, James] WHO, Western Pacific Reg Off, Manila, Philippines. [Bettcher, Douglas; Peruga, Armando; Deland, Katherine; D'Espaignet, Edouard Tursan] WHO, Headquarters, Geneva, Switzerland. RP Song, Y (reprint author), Centers Dis Control & Prevent, Global Tobacco Control Branch, Off Smoking & Hlth, 4770 Buford Highway,Mail Stop F-79, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM Ysong2@cdc.gov FU Bloomberg Philanthropies' Initiative to Reduce Tobacco Use; Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation; government of Brazil; government of India FX GATS was supported by the Bloomberg Philanthropies' Initiative to Reduce Tobacco Use, the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation and the governments of Brazil and India. NR 23 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 3 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 1757-9759 EI 1757-9767 J9 GLOB HEALTH PROMOT JI Glob. Health Promot. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 23 SU 2 BP 24 EP 37 DI 10.1177/1757975913501911 PG 14 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DR5ST UT WOS:000379963400002 PM 24042973 ER PT J AU Fouad, H El Awa, F Abou El Naga, R Emam, AH Labib, S Palipudi, KM Andes, LJ Asma, S Talley, B AF Fouad, Heba El Awa, Fatimah Abou El Naga, Randa Emam, Awatef Hussien Labib, Sahar Palipudi, Krishna Mohan Andes, Linda J. Asma, Samira Talley, Brandon TI Prevalence of tobacco use among adults in Egypt, 2009 SO GLOBAL HEALTH PROMOTION LA English DT Article DE Egypt; epidemiology; gender differences; Global Adult Tobacco Survey; shisha; smoking; tobacco; tobacco addiction; tobacco reduction plan; World Health Organization ID WATERPIPE SMOKING AB Introduction: We assessed the differences in overall use of tobacco and in the use of various tobacco products, by sex and by frequency of use across various demographic groups. Methods: We used data from the Global Adult Tobacco Survey (GATS), conducted in 2009 in Egypt. The data consist of answers to GATS by 20,924 respondents from a nationally representative, multistage probability sample of adults aged 15 years or older from all regions of Egypt. Current tobacco use was defined as current smoking or use of smokeless tobacco products, either daily or occasionally. We analyzed the differences in current cigarette, shisha, and smokeless tobacco use by sex and frequency of use (daily or occasional); and by demographic characteristics that included age, region, education level and employment status. Results: Overall, 19.7% of the Egyptian population currently use some form of tobacco. Men (38.1% [95% confidence interval (CI) 36.8-39.4]) are much more likely than women (0.6% [95% CI 0.4-0.9]) to use tobacco. Almost 96% of men who use tobacco, do so daily. Men are more likely to use manufactured cigarettes (31.8% [95% CI 30.6-33.1]) than shisha (6.2% [95% CI 5.6-6.9]) or smokeless tobacco (4.1% [95% CI 3.4-4.8]). Few women use tobacco (cigarettes (0.2%), shisha (0.3%) and smokeless tobacco (0.3%)); however, all women who currently smoke shisha, do so daily. Lower educational status, being between ages 25-64 and being employed predicted a higher use of tobacco. Conclusion: Egypt has implemented several initiatives to reduce tobacco use. The World Health Organization (WHO) MPOWER technical package, which aims to reverse the tobacco epidemic, is implemented at various levels throughout the country. Our findings show that there is significant variation in the prevalence of tobacco use and types of tobacco used by adult men and women in Egypt. GATS data can be used to better understand comparative patterns of tobacco use by adults, which in turn can be used to develop interventions. C1 [Fouad, Heba; El Awa, Fatimah; Abou El Naga, Randa] WHO, Reg Off Eastern Mediterranean, Abdulrazak Alsanhouri St, Cairo 11371, Egypt. [Emam, Awatef Hussien] CAPMAS, Cairo, Egypt. [Labib, Sahar] Minist Hlth Cairo, Cairo, Egypt. [Palipudi, Krishna Mohan; Andes, Linda J.; Asma, Samira] CDC, Global Tobacco Control Branch, Off Smoking & Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Talley, Brandon] CDC Fdn, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Fouad, H (reprint author), WHO, Reg Off Eastern Mediterranean, Abdulrazak Alsanhouri St, Cairo 11371, Egypt. EM fouadh@emro.who.int FU Bloomberg Initiative to Reduce Tobacco Use, a program of Bloomberg Philanthropies FX Funding for the GATS is provided by the Bloomberg Initiative to Reduce Tobacco Use, a program of Bloomberg Philanthropies. NR 18 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 1757-9759 EI 1757-9767 J9 GLOB HEALTH PROMOT JI Glob. Health Promot. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 23 SU 2 BP 38 EP 47 DI 10.1177/1757975913499801 PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DR5ST UT WOS:000379963400003 PM 24042971 ER PT J AU Baquilod, MM Segarra, AB Barcenas, G Mercado, SP Rarick, J Palipudi, KM Asma, S Andes, LJ Talley, B AF Baquilod, Marina M. Segarra, Agnes B. Barcenas, Glen Mercado, Susan P. Rarick, James Palipudi, Krishna Mohan Asma, Samira Andes, Linda J. Talley, Brandon TI Exposure to secondhand smoke among adults - Philippines, 2009 SO GLOBAL HEALTH PROMOTION LA English DT Article DE secondhand smoke; Philippines; adults; Global Adult Tobacco Survey; World Health Organization; socio-economic status; tobacco AB Introduction: We assessed the differences in exposure to secondhand smoke (SHS) among adults at home, in indoor workplaces, and in various public places in the Philippines across various socio-demographic groups. Methods: Data from the Global Adult Tobacco Survey conducted in 2009 in the Philippines were used. The data consist of survey answers from 9705 respondents from a nationally representative, multistage probability sample of adults aged 15 years or older. We considered that respondents were exposed to SHS if during the previous 30 days they reported that they lived in a home, worked in a building, or visited a public place where people smoked. The public places included in our analysis were indoor workplaces, public transportation vehicles, restaurants, government buildings or offices, and healthcare facilities. The differences in various socioeconomic and demographic groups' exposure to SHS in these places were also examined. Results: Of respondents who reported working indoors, 36.8% were exposed to SHS. Men (43.3% [95% CI 39.7-46.9]) were more likely than women (28.8% [95% CI 25.4-32.4]) to be exposed to SHS (p < 0.001). Of those working in sites where smoking was not allowed, 13.9% were exposed to SHS, whereas 66.5% were exposed where smoking is allowed in some enclosed areas, and 90.7% were exposed where smoking is allowed everywhere. During the 30 days preceding the survey, more than 50% of those who took public transportation were exposed to SHS; exposure for those who visited public buildings was 33.6% in restaurants, 25.5% in government buildings or offices, and 7.6% in healthcare facilities. Conclusion: Despite a national law passed and several local government ordinances that have promulgated smoke-free workplaces, schools, government offices, and healthcare facilities, our findings show that a large proportion of adults were exposed to SHS at work and in public places, which offers opportunities to strengthen and improve enforcement of the smoke-free initiatives and ordinances in the Philippines. C1 [Baquilod, Marina M.] WHO, Philippines Country Off, Manila, Philippines. [Segarra, Agnes B.] Philippines Dept Hlth, Manila, Philippines. [Barcenas, Glen] Natl Stat Off, Manila, Philippines. [Mercado, Susan P.; Rarick, James] WHO, Western Pacific Reg Off, Manila, Philippines. [Palipudi, Krishna Mohan; Asma, Samira; Andes, Linda J.] CDC, Global Tobacco Control Branch, Off Smoking & Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Talley, Brandon] CDC Fdn, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Baquilod, MM (reprint author), WHO, Philippines Country Off, Manila, Philippines. EM marbaquilod@yahoo.com FU Bloomberg Initiative to Reduce Tobacco Use, a program of Bloomberg Philanthropies FX Funding for the GATS is provided by the Bloomberg Initiative to Reduce Tobacco Use, a program of Bloomberg Philanthropies. NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 1757-9759 EI 1757-9767 J9 GLOB HEALTH PROMOT JI Glob. Health Promot. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 23 SU 2 BP 48 EP 57 DI 10.1177/1757975913501530 PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DR5ST UT WOS:000379963400004 PM 24042974 ER PT J AU Erguder, T Bilir, N Ozcebe, H Irmak, H Tasti, E Ilter, H Palipudi, KM Andes, LJ Asma, S Khoury, RN Talley, B AF Erguder, Toker Bilir, Nazmi Ozcebe, Hilal Irmak, Hasan Tasti, Enver Ilter, Huseyin Palipudi, Krishna M. Andes, Linda J. Asma, Samira Khoury, Rula N. Talley, Brandon TI Exposure to anti- and pro-tobacco advertising, promotions or sponsorships: Turkey, 2008 SO GLOBAL HEALTH PROMOTION LA English DT Article DE Advertisement; antismoking messages; cigarette marketing; Global Adult Tobacco Survey; media; policy; tobacco; tobacco control; Turkey ID UNITED-STATES; SMOKING; BEHAVIOR; QUIT AB Introduction: In 2008, Turkey became one of 26 countries with a complete ban on all forms of direct and indirect tobacco marketing. We assessed the level of exposure to anti- and pro-cigarette advertising and to cigarette promotions and sponsorships among various demographic groups in Turkey. Methods: We used the data from the Global Adult Tobacco Survey (GATS), conducted in November 2008 in Turkey. The data consist of answers to GATS questions by 9030 respondents from a nationally representative, multistage probability sample of adults 15 years of age or older. To find differences in exposure to the advertising by sex, age, education level and smoking status, we analyzed responses to GATS questions about cigarette advertisements and anti-cigarette smoking information in various forms and through various advertising channels, during the 30 days before the survey, using bivariate analysis. Results: Overall, 13.3% of respondents aged 15 years or older noticed some type of cigarette marketing during the 30 days before the survey: 7.1% saw advertisements, 5.3% saw promotions and 3.3% saw sports sponsorships. Men were more likely than women to have seen cigarette promotions (7.8% versus 3.0%) and sports sponsorships (5.3% versus 1.4%). Respondents aged 15-24 years were more likely than those aged 25 years or older to have seen cigarette advertisements (10.2% versus 6.2%), promotions (8.7% versus 4.4%) and sponsorships (6.6% versus 2.3%), respectively. Respondents were most likely to have seen cigarette advertisements on television (3.4%) or in shops (2.7%). In addition, 2.8% of respondents reported seeing a clothing item with a brand name or logo, 2.5% reported that they received free samples of cigarettes and 0.3% received gifts along with the purchase of cigarettes. Almost 9 of 10 survey respondents (88.8%) reported having noticed some anti-cigarette information during the 30 days before the survey. Most anti-cigarette information was seen on television (85.5%). The anti-cigarette information was seen by slightly more cigarette smokers (91.6%) than nonsmokers (87.6%). Persons with less than a primary education were less likely to notice anti-cigarette information than those with a higher level of education, in all examined media channels. Conclusions: Our findings showed a low prevalence of noticing cigarette marketing, which indicates high compliance with the Turkish law banning such marketing. GATS data provide an in-depth understanding of the level of exposure to pro- and anti-cigarette information in 2008 and they are of practical assistance to those who implement policies to reduce the demand for tobacco. The challenge now is to maintain rigorous enforcement. To do so requires ongoing surveillance to produce data on the effectiveness of the enforcement efforts. C1 [Erguder, Toker] WHO, Birlik Mahallesi 2 Cadde 11 Cankaya, TR-06610 Ankara, Turkey. [Bilir, Nazmi; Ozcebe, Hilal] Hacettepe Univ, Ankara, Turkey. [Irmak, Hasan; Ilter, Huseyin] Turkish Minist Hlth, Ankara, Turkey. [Tasti, Enver] Turkish Stat Inst, Ankara, Turkey. [Palipudi, Krishna M.; Andes, Linda J.; Asma, Samira] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Atlanta, GA USA. [Khoury, Rula N.] WHO, Reg Off Europe, Copenhagen, Denmark. [Talley, Brandon] CDC Fdn, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Erguder, T (reprint author), WHO, Birlik Mahallesi 2 Cadde 11 Cankaya, TR-06610 Ankara, Turkey. EM ErguderT@euro.who.int FU Bloomberg Initiative to Reduce Tobacco Use, a program of Bloomberg Philanthropies FX This work was supported by the Bloomberg Initiative to Reduce Tobacco Use, a program of Bloomberg Philanthropies. The views expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official positions of the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention nor the GATS partner organizations. NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 1757-9759 EI 1757-9767 J9 GLOB HEALTH PROMOT JI Glob. Health Promot. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 23 SU 2 BP 58 EP 67 DI 10.1177/1757975913502369 PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DR5ST UT WOS:000379963400005 PM 24042972 ER PT J AU Schauer, GL Malarcher, AM Mowery, P AF Schauer, Gillian L. Malarcher, Ann M. Mowery, Paul TI National Trends in Frequency and Amount of Nondaily Smoking, and Relation to Quit Attempts, 2000-2012 SO NICOTINE & TOBACCO RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; INTERMITTENT SMOKING; RISK PERCEPTION; SMOKERS; LIGHT; REDUCTION; PATTERNS; CESSATION AB Introduction: To understand changes occurring in nondaily smoking, we assessed differences in demographics and trends in nondaily smoking, by smoking frequency and amount. Methods: Participants were 13 966 adult nondaily cigarette smokers (NDS) age 18 years and older responding to the 2000-2012 US National Health Interview Survey, an annual, nationally-representative, cross-sectional, household interview survey. We created a nine-level smoking frequency-amount variable using tertile cut points from the number of days smoked in the past 30 (1-7, 8-14, 15-29 days) and number of cigarettes smoked per day (cpd; 1-2, 3-5, >= 6). We computed weighted frequencies by low-, moderate-, high-frequency use, by low-, moderate-, high-cpd amount, and by demographics. We estimated temporal trends using weighted least squares regression, and the association between groups and past-year quit attempts using logistic regression. Results: Overall prevalence of nondaily smoking among adults remained stable between 2000 to 2012 (P=.62). The most prevalent nondaily smoking frequency-amount groups were: smoking 15-29 days (in the past 30), 3-5 cpd (20.2%); 1-7 days, 1-2 cpd (19.7%); 15-29 days, 1-2 cpd (14.9%); and 15-29 days, >= 6 cpd (12.1%). From 2000 to 2012, low-cpd NDS (1-2 cpd) across moderate (8-14 days) and high (15-29 days) frequency groups increased (P<.01), while moderate frequency-moderate cpd (8-14 days, 3-5 cpd; P<.05) and high frequency-high cpd (15-29 days, >= 6 cpd; P<.01) NDS declined. Adjusting for demographics and year, the lowest frequency-amount groups had the lowest odds of past-year quit attempts. Conclusion: Changes occurred in NDS frequency and amount from 2000 to 2012, suggesting that more granular classifications may be important for monitoring NDS patterns. Implications: From 2000 to 2012, low-cpd NDS (1-2 cpd) across moderate-(8-14 days) and high-frequency (15-29 days) groups increased in the United States, while moderate frequency-moderate cpd (8-14 days, 3-5 cpd) and high frequency-high cpd (15-29 days, >= 6 cpd) NDS declined. Demographic differences were found across NDS frequency-amount groups. Adjusting for demographics and year, the lowest frequency-amount groups had the lowest odds of past-year quit attempts. These data can be used to further understand evolving patterns of NDS behavior, and to provide possible targeted groups-both by demographics and smoking frequency/amount-for future research and intervention. C1 [Schauer, Gillian L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Carter Consulting Inc, Off Smoking & Hlth, 4770 Buford Highway NE,MS F-79, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Malarcher, Ann M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Smoking & Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, 4770 Buford Highway NE,MS F-79, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Mowery, Paul] Biostatistics Inc, Sarasota, FL USA. RP Schauer, GL (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Carter Consulting Inc, Off Smoking & Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, 4770 Buford Highway NE,MS F-79, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM gschauer@cdc.gov NR 28 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1462-2203 EI 1469-994X J9 NICOTINE TOB RES JI Nicotine Tob. Res. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 18 IS 6 BP 1539 EP 1544 DI 10.1093/ntr/ntv258 PG 6 WC Substance Abuse; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Substance Abuse; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DR3TU UT WOS:000379826300021 PM 26588937 ER PT J AU Carbone, EG Wright, MM AF Carbone, Eric G. Wright, Marcienne M. TI Hurricane Sandy Recovery Science: A Model for Disaster Research SO DISASTER MEDICINE AND PUBLIC HEALTH PREPAREDNESS LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Carbone, Eric G.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Publ Hlth Preparedness & Response, Atlanta, GA USA. [Wright, Marcienne M.] US Dept HHS, Off Assistant Secretary Preparedness & Response, Washington, DC 20201 USA. RP Carbone, EG (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Publ Hlth Preparedness & Response, 1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM ecarbone@cdc.gov NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 1935-7893 EI 1938-744X J9 DISASTER MED PUBLIC JI Dis. Med. Public Health Prep. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 10 IS 3 SI SI BP 304 EP 305 DI 10.1017/dmp.2015.140 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DQ3VD UT WOS:000379130700001 PM 27113437 ER PT J AU Shumate, AM Yard, EE Casey-Lockyer, M Apostolou, A Chan, M Tan, C Noe, RS Wolkin, AF AF Shumate, Alice M. Yard, Ellen E. Casey-Lockyer, Mary Apostolou, Andria Chan, Miranda Tan, Christina Noe, Rebecca S. Wolkin, Amy F. CA CDC Shelter Surveillance Working TI Effectiveness of Using Cellular Phones to Transmit Real-Time Shelter Morbidity Surveillance Data After Hurricane Sandy, New Jersey, October to November, 2012 SO DISASTER MEDICINE AND PUBLIC HEALTH PREPAREDNESS LA English DT Article DE hurricane; shelter; disaster epidemiology; cellular phone; mobile phone ID DISEASE SURVEILLANCE AB Timely morbidity surveillance of sheltered populations is crucial for identifying and addressing their immediate needs, and accurate surveillance allows us to better prepare for future disasters. However, disasters often create travel and communication challenges that complicate the collection and transmission of surveillance data. We describe a surveillance project conducted in New Jersey shelters after Hurricane Sandy, which occurred in November 2012, that successfully used cellular phones for remote real-time reporting. This project demonstrated that, when supported with just-in-time morbidity surveillance training, cellular phone reporting was a successful, sustainable, and less labor-intensive methodology than in-person shelter visits to capture morbidity data from multiple locations and opened a two-way communication channel with shelters. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2015;10:525-528) C1 [Shumate, Alice M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA USA. [Yard, Ellen E.; Noe, Rebecca S.; Wolkin, Amy F.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Casey-Lockyer, Mary] Amer Red Cross, Disaster Hlth Serv, Washington, DC 20006 USA. [Shumate, Alice M.; Apostolou, Andria; Chan, Miranda; Tan, Christina] New Jersey Dept Hlth, Trenton, NJ USA. [Apostolou, Andria] SciMetrika LLC, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. RP Shumate, AM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 315 E Montgomery Ave, Spokane, WA 99207 USA. EM wii5@cdc.gov OI Watson, Joanna/0000-0002-2532-2423 NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 1935-7893 EI 1938-744X J9 DISASTER MED PUBLIC JI Dis. Med. Public Health Prep. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 10 IS 3 SI SI BP 525 EP 528 DI 10.1017/dmp.2015.164 PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DQ3VD UT WOS:000379130700030 PM 26677756 ER PT J AU Rohlman, D Frey, G Kile, ML Harper, B Harris, S Motorykin, O Simonich, SLM Harding, AK AF Rohlman, Diana Frey, Greta Kile, Molly L. Harper, Barbara Harris, Stuart Motorykin, Oleksii Simonich, Staci L. Massey Harding, Anna K. TI Communicating Results of a Dietary Exposure Study Following Consumption of Traditionally Smoked Salmon SO ENVIRONMENTAL JUSTICE LA English DT Article ID POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; HYDROXY-PAHS; HEALTH; PARENT; RISKS; COMMUNITY; KNOWLEDGE; ETHICS; RATES; POWER AB One expectation of community-based participatory research (CBPR) is participant access to study results. However, reporting experimental data produced by studies involving biological measurements in the absence of clinical relevance can be challenging to scientists and participants. We applied best practices in data sharing to report the results of a study designed to explore polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons absorption, metabolism, and excretion following consumption of traditionally smoked salmon by members of the Confederated Tribes of the Umatilla Indian Reservation (CTUIR). A dietary exposure study was developed, in which nine Tribal members consumed 50g of traditionally smoked salmon and provided repeated urine samples over 24 hours. During recruitment, participants requested access to their data following analysis. Disclosing data is an important element of CBPR and must be treated with the same rigor as that given to the data analysis. The field of data disclosure is relatively new, but when handled correctly can improve education within the community, reduce distrust, and enhance environmental health literacy. Using the results from this study, we suggest mechanisms for sharing data with a Tribal community. C1 [Rohlman, Diana; Frey, Greta; Kile, Molly L.; Harper, Barbara; Harding, Anna K.] Oregon State Univ, Coll Publ Hlth & Human Sci, Sch Biol & Populat Hlth Sci, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Rohlman, Diana; Kile, Molly L.; Harper, Barbara; Harris, Stuart; Harding, Anna K.] Community Engagement Core Superfund Res Program, Corvallis, OR USA. [Motorykin, Oleksii; Simonich, Staci L. Massey] Oregon State Univ, Dept Chem, Gilbert Hall 153, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Motorykin, Oleksii] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Simonich, Staci L. Massey] Oregon State Univ, Dept Environm & Mol Toxicol, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Rohlman, D (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, 1011 Agr & Life Sci Bldg, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM diana.rohlman@oregonstate.edu NR 38 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT, INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1939-4071 EI 1937-5174 J9 ENVIRON JUSTICE JI Environ. Justice PD JUN PY 2016 VL 9 IS 3 BP 85 EP 92 DI 10.1089/env.2016.0006 PG 8 WC Environmental Studies SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA DQ8CM UT WOS:000379436700004 ER PT J AU Richards, FO Klein, RE de Leon, O Mendizabal-Cabrera, R Morales, AL Cama, V Crovella, CG Espinoza, CED Morales, Z Sauerbrey, M Rizzo, N AF Richards, Frank O., Jr. Klein, Robert E. de Leon, Oscar Mendizabal-Cabrera, Renata Lucia Morales, Alba Cama, Vitaliano Crovella, Carol G. Diaz Espinoza, Carlos E. Morales, Zoraida Sauerbrey, Mauricio Rizzo, Nidia TI A Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices Survey Conducted Three Years after Halting Ivermectin Mass Treatment for Onchocerciasis in Guatemala SO PLOS NEGLECTED TROPICAL DISEASES LA English DT Article ID PREVALENCE; VOLVULUS AB Background Mass drug administration (MDA) with ivermectin for onchocerciasis was provided in Guatemala's Central Endemic Zone (CEZ) over a 24 year period (1988-2011). Elimination of Onchocerca volvulus transmission was declared in 2015 after a three year post MDA surveillance period (2012-2014) showed no evidence of recrudescence. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP) towards onchocerciasis and ivermectin among residents in the post endemic CEZ. A major interest in this study was to determine what community residents thought about the end of the ivermectin MDA program. Methodology/Principal Findings A total of 148 interviews were conducted in November 2014 in four formerly hyperendemic communities using a standard questionnaire on smart phones. The majority (69%) of respondents knew that the MDA program had ended because the disease was no longer present in their communities, but a slight majority (53%) was personally unsure that onchocerciasis had really been eliminated. Sixty-three percent wanted to continue to receive ivermectin because of this uncertainty, or because ivermectin is effective against intestinal worms. Eighty-nine percent of respondents said that they would seek medical attention immediately if a family member had symptoms of onchocerciasis (especially the presence of a nodule), which is a finding very important for ongoing surveillance. Conclusions/Significance Many respondents wanted to continue receive ivermectin and more than half did not believe onchocerciasis had been eliminated. The ministry of health outreach services should be prepared to address ongoing concerns about onchocerciasis in the post endemic CEZ. C1 [Richards, Frank O., Jr.] Emory Univ, Carter Ctr, River Blindness Eliminat Program, Lymphat Filariasis Eliminat Program, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Richards, Frank O., Jr.] Emory Univ, Carter Ctr, Schistosomiasis Control Program, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Klein, Robert E.; de Leon, Oscar; Mendizabal-Cabrera, Renata; Rizzo, Nidia] UVG, CHS, Guatemala City, Guatemala. [Lucia Morales, Alba; Sauerbrey, Mauricio] Carter Ctr, Onchocerciasis Eliminat Program Amer, Guatemala City, Guatemala. [Cama, Vitaliano] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Atlanta, GA USA. [Crovella, Carol G.; Diaz Espinoza, Carlos E.; Morales, Zoraida] Natl Minist Hlth, Onchocerciasis Subprogram, Guatemala City, Guatemala. RP Richards, FO (reprint author), Emory Univ, Carter Ctr, River Blindness Eliminat Program, Lymphat Filariasis Eliminat Program, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA.; Richards, FO (reprint author), Emory Univ, Carter Ctr, Schistosomiasis Control Program, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. EM frank.richards@cartercenter.org FU The Carter Center (TCC) OEPA program; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (via the CDC Bill and Melinda Gates) [1U51GH000970] FX This study was supported by The Carter Center (TCC) OEPA program and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (via the CDC Bill and Melinda Gates Grant 1U51GH000970). FR, an employee of TCC, conceived the project and worked with UVG, MSPAS, and CDC on the study design, conduct, data collection and analysis, and manuscript preparation. VC, employed by CDC, worked with investigators from TCC, UVG, and MSPAS in the study design, logistical support of the field work, data analysis, and manuscript preparation. NR 21 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1935-2735 J9 PLOS NEGLECT TROP D JI Plos Neglect. Trop. Dis. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 10 IS 6 AR e0004777 DI 10.1371/journal.pntd.0004777 PG 13 WC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine SC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine GA DQ6WL UT WOS:000379346200037 PM 27341104 ER PT J AU Sikulu-Lord, MT Maia, MF Milali, MP Henry, M Mkandawile, G Kho, EA Wirtz, RA Hugo, LE Dowell, FE Devine, GJ AF Sikulu-Lord, Maggy T. Maia, Marta F. Milali, Masabho P. Henry, Michael Mkandawile, Gustav Kho, Elise A. Wirtz, Robert A. Hugo, Leon E. Dowell, Floyd E. Devine, Gregor J. TI Rapid and Non-destructive Detection and Identification of Two Strains of Wolbachia in Aedes aegypti by Near-Infrared Spectroscopy SO PLOS NEGLECTED TROPICAL DISEASES LA English DT Article ID LIFE-SHORTENING WOLBACHIA; CYTOPLASMIC INCOMPATIBILITY; DENGUE TRANSMISSION; BLOCKS DENGUE; AGE; INFECTION; DROSOPHILA; MOSQUITOS; VIRUS; PCR AB The release of Wolbachia infected mosquitoes is likely to form a key component of disease control strategies in the near future. We investigated the potential of using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) to simultaneously detect and identify two strains of Wolbachia pipientis (wMelPop and wMel) in male and female laboratory-reared Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. Our aim is to find faster, cheaper alternatives for monitoring those releases than the molecular diagnostic techniques that are currently in use. Our findings indicate that NIRS can differentiate females and males infected with wMelPop from uninfected wild type samples with an accuracy of 96% (N = 299) and 87.5% (N = 377), respectively. Similarly, females and males infected with wMel were differentiated from uninfected wild type samples with accuracies of 92% (N = 352) and 89% (N = 444). NIRS could differentiate wMelPop and wMel transinfected females with an accuracy of 96.6% (N = 442) and males with an accuracy of 84.5% (N = 443). This non-destructive technique is faster than the standard polymerase chain reaction diagnostic techniques. After the purchase of a NIRS spectrometer, the technique requires little sample processing and does not consume any reagents. C1 [Sikulu-Lord, Maggy T.; Kho, Elise A.; Hugo, Leon E.; Devine, Gregor J.] QIMR Berghofer Med Res Inst, Mosquito Control Lab, Brisbane, Qld, Australia. [Sikulu-Lord, Maggy T.; Maia, Marta F.; Milali, Masabho P.; Henry, Michael; Mkandawile, Gustav] Ifakara Hlth Inst, Environm Hlth & Ecol Sci Themat Grp, Ifakara, Tanzania. [Wirtz, Robert A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Dowell, Floyd E.] USDA ARS, Stored Prod Insect & Engn Res Unit, Ctr Grain & Anim Hlth Res, Manhattan, KS USA. RP Sikulu-Lord, MT (reprint author), QIMR Berghofer Med Res Inst, Mosquito Control Lab, Brisbane, Qld, Australia.; Sikulu-Lord, MT (reprint author), Ifakara Hlth Inst, Environm Hlth & Ecol Sci Themat Grp, Ifakara, Tanzania. EM maggy.sikulu@qimrberghofer.edu.au FU Grand Challenges Canada Stars for Global Health - Government of Canada [0439-001]; Mosquito and Arbovirus Research Committee, Queensland, Australia FX This study was supported by Grand Challenges Canada Stars for Global Health funded by the Government of Canada (grant 0439-001) awarded to MTSL and the Mosquito and Arbovirus Research Committee, Queensland, Australia. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 55 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 10 U2 12 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1935-2735 J9 PLOS NEGLECT TROP D JI Plos Neglect. Trop. Dis. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 10 IS 6 AR e0004759 DI 10.1371/journal.pntd.0004759 PG 12 WC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine SC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine GA DQ6WL UT WOS:000379346200025 PM 27362709 ER PT J AU Bobanga, T Umesumbu, SE Mandoko, AS Nsibu, CN Dotson, EB Beach, RF Irish, SR AF Bobanga, Thierry Umesumbu, Solange E. Mandoko, Alain. S. Nsibu, Celestin N. Dotson, Ellen B. Beach, Ray F. Irish, Seth R. TI Presence of species within the Anopheles gambiae complex in the Democratic Republic of Congo SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article DE Anopheles gambiae; Anopheles coluzzii; Democratic Republic of the Congo ID MOLECULAR-FORMS; IDENTIFICATION AB Background: Anopheles gambiae s.l. is the primary vector of malaria in the Democratic Republic of Congo, however, there is little data on the species from this complex present in the country. Methods: This paper presents the species collected (as determined by PCR) between 2004 and 2011 in 16 locations across the country. Results and Conclusions: The two species from the An. gambiae complex that were detected were An. coluzzii and An. gambiae s.s. An. gambiae s.s. was predominant in eastern DRC, whereas An. coluzzii was the main species found in several locations in Bandundu. The species were also found in sympatry in several locations (Kinshasa, Kisangani, Lodja). These results provide a basis for future work, which is needed to accurately describe the distribution of the An. gambiae complex species in DRC. C1 [Bobanga, Thierry] Univ Kinshasa, Fac Med, Serv Parasitol & Entomol, Dept Med Trop, Kinshasa, DEM REP CONGO. [Umesumbu, Solange E.] Programme Natl Lutte Paludisme, Kinshasa, DEM REP CONGO. [Mandoko, Alain. S.] Inst Natl Rech Biomed, POB 1192, Kinshasa, DEM REP CONGO. [Nsibu, Celestin N.] Univ Kinshasa, Fac Med, Dept Pediat, Kinshasa, DEM REP CONGO. [Dotson, Ellen B.; Beach, Ray F.; Irish, Seth R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Entomol Branch, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Ctr Global Hlth, 1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. RP Bobanga, T (reprint author), Univ Kinshasa, Fac Med, Serv Parasitol & Entomol, Dept Med Trop, Kinshasa, DEM REP CONGO. EM tbobanga@gmail.com FU United States Agency for International Development (USAID) FX This work was funded by the United States Agency for International Development (USAID). The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and Vestergaard Frandsen provided laboratory equipment and facilities for the analysis of samples. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0035-9203 EI 1878-3503 J9 T ROY SOC TROP MED H JI Trans. Roy. Soc. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 110 IS 6 BP 373 EP 375 DI 10.1093/trstmh/trw035 PG 3 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA DQ9LK UT WOS:000379531200009 PM 27317755 ER PT J AU Gao, R Pan, M Li, X Zou, X Zhao, X Li, T Yang, H Zou, S Bo, H Xu, J Li, S Zhang, M Li, Z Wang, D Zaki, SR Shu, Y AF Gao, R. Pan, M. Li, X. Zou, X. Zhao, X. Li, T. Yang, H. Zou, S. Bo, H. Xu, J. Li, S. Zhang, M. Li, Z. Wang, D. Zaki, S. R. Shu, Y. TI Post-mortem findings in a patient with avian influenza A (H5N6) virus infection SO CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTION LA English DT Article DE H5N6; highly pathogenic avian influenza virus; histology; immunopathological lesion; severe pneumonia ID H1N1 INFLUENZA AB Avian influenza A (H5N6) has been found to infect humans, and has resulted in ten cases with six deaths in China since 2014. Here, we describe the systematic post-mortem pathology of a patient fatally infected with H5N6 virus and evaluate the associated pathogenesis compared with H1N1 pdm09 fatal cases. The most prominent histopathological features were diffuse alveolar damage and pulmonary vasculitis in the lungs of the patient. The virus disseminated to extrapulmonary organs, including the brain. Compared with H1N1 pdm09 fatal infection, H5N6 infection induced a more exacerbated immune response involving overt pulmonary inflammation, which led to alveolar damage and respiratory failure. (C) 2016 European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Gao, R.; Li, X.; Zou, X.; Zhao, X.; Zou, S.; Bo, H.; Wang, D.; Shu, Y.] Natl Hlth & Family Planning Commiss, Key Lab Med Virol, China CDC, Natl Inst Viral Dis Control & Prevent, 155 Changbai Rd, Beijing 102206, Peoples R China. [Pan, M.; Li, T.; Yang, H.; Li, S.] Sichuan Prov Dis Control & Prevent, Chengdu, Peoples R China. [Zhang, M.] Nanchong City Dis Control & Prevent, Nanchong, Peoples R China. [Li, Z.] Affiliated Hosp, Chuanbei Med Sch, Nanchong, Peoples R China. [Zaki, S. R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Infect Dis Pathol Branch, Div High Consequence Pathogens & Pathol, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Shu, Y (reprint author), Natl Hlth & Family Planning Commiss, Key Lab Med Virol, China CDC, Natl Inst Viral Dis Control & Prevent, 155 Changbai Rd, Beijing 102206, Peoples R China. EM yshu@cnic.org.cn FU National Basic Research Programme (973) of China [2011CB504704]; Emergency Research Project on human infection with avian influenza H7N9 virus from the National Ministry of Science and Technology [KJYJ-2013-01-01]; National Mega-projects for Infectious Diseases [2013ZX10004-101, 2014ZX10004002]; Chinese National Influenza Centre-CDC collaborative project from the CDC China-US Collaborative Program on Emerging and Re-emerging Infectious Diseases [5U51IP000334-03]; Young Scholar Scientific Researcher Foundation of China CDC [2015A 101] FX This study was supported by the National Basic Research Programme (973) of China (2011CB504704, to Dr Yuelong Shu), Emergency Research Project on human infection with avian influenza H7N9 virus from the National Ministry of Science and Technology (no. KJYJ-2013-01-01 to Dr Yuelong Shu), and National Mega-projects for Infectious Diseases (2013ZX10004-101 to Dr Dexin Li and 2014ZX10004002 to Dr Yuelong Shu), the Chinese National Influenza Centre-CDC collaborative project 5U51IP000334-03 from the CDC China-US Collaborative Program on Emerging and Re-emerging Infectious Diseases, and the Young Scholar Scientific Researcher Foundation of China CDC (no. 2015A 101 to Dr Rongbao Gao). NR 15 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1198-743X EI 1469-0691 J9 CLIN MICROBIOL INFEC JI Clin. Microbiol. Infect. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 22 IS 6 DI 10.1016/j.cmi.2016.03.017 PG 5 WC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA DQ5NM UT WOS:000379252100034 ER PT J AU Onkanga, IO Mwinzi, PNM Muchiri, G Andiego, K Omedo, M Karanja, DMS Wiegand, RE Secor, WE Montgomery, SP AF Onkanga, Isaac O. Mwinzi, Pauline N. M. Muchiri, Geoffrey Andiego, Kennedy Omedo, Martin Karanja, Diana M. S. Wiegand, Ryan E. Secor, W. Evan Montgomery, Susan P. TI Impact of two rounds of praziquantel mass drug administration on Schistosoma mansoni infection prevalence and intensity: a comparison between community wide treatment and school based treatment in western Kenya SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Schistosomiasis; Schistosoma mansoni; Mass drug administration; Praziquantel; School based treatment; Community wide treatment; Prevalence ID SOIL-TRANSMITTED HELMINTHS; DIRECTED TREATMENT; CONTROL PROGRAM; LAKE VICTORIA; SCORE PROJECT; MORBIDITY; SCHOOLCHILDREN; CHILDREN; EFFICACY; AFRICA AB This study compared the effectiveness of the community-wide treatment and school-based treatment approaches in the control of Schistosoma mansoni infections in villages with >= 25% prevalence in western Kenya. Stool samples from first year students, 9-12 year olds and adults (20-55 years) were analyzed by the Kato-Katz technique for S. mansoni eggs. After two rounds of treatment, S. mansoni prevalence and intensity levels significantly declined in both treatment approaches. Prevalence comparisons between the two approaches did not show any significant differences following treatment. However, infection intensity levels in the 9-12 year old school-attending pupils were significantly higher in the community-wide treatment arm than in the school-based treatment arm. Nevertheless, significant reductions in S. mansoni infection prevalence and intensity levels were achieved among school-age children regardless of the treatment approach used. Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of Australian Society for Parasitology. C1 [Onkanga, Isaac O.; Mwinzi, Pauline N. M.; Muchiri, Geoffrey; Andiego, Kennedy; Omedo, Martin; Karanja, Diana M. S.] Kenya Govt Med Res Ctr, Ctr Global Hlth Res, POB 1578-40100, Kisumu, Kenya. [Wiegand, Ryan E.; Secor, W. Evan; Montgomery, Susan P.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, 1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. RP Secor, WE (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, 1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM was4@cdc.gov FU Ministries of Education, Public Health and Sanitation; Nyanza Regional Coordination office, Kenya; University of Georgia Research Foundation, Inc, USA; Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation FX We appreciate the support from the Ministries of Education, Public Health and Sanitation, and Nyanza Regional Coordination office, Kenya. We also thank all the community members, head teachers, teachers and pupils in each of the schools and villages that participated in this study. We thank all Kenya Medical Research Institute Center for Global Health Research (KEMRI), Kisumu, Kenya staff who assisted in the field, laboratory and data work, especially George Kennedy Okoth, Boaz Mulonga, Judith Warindu, Samuel Sawo, Willis Agollah, Calvins Otieno, Crystabel Agile, Rosemary Musuva, Caroline Makimii, Enock Amukaya and Dennis Maritim. We would like to acknowledge the help of Division of Vector-Borne and Neglected Tropical Diseases (DVBNTD) personnel, Kisumu, and in particular Blasto Kwanya, Otieno Oloo, Tobias Osewe and Charles Odah for their assistance with microscopy. This paper is published with the permission of the Director of the Kenya Medical Research Institute. This study received financial support from the University of Georgia Research Foundation, Inc, USA, which is funded by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, USA. NR 36 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 6 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0020-7519 EI 1879-0135 J9 INT J PARASITOL JI Int. J. Parasit. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 46 IS 7 BP 439 EP 445 DI 10.1016/j.ijpara.2016.01.006 PG 7 WC Parasitology SC Parasitology GA DQ1NV UT WOS:000378968600009 PM 26940547 ER PT J AU Saha, SK Hossain, B Islam, M Hasanuzzaman, M Saha, S Hasan, M Darmstadt, GL Chowdury, M El Arifeen, S Baqui, AH Breiman, RF Santosham, M Luby, SP Whitney, CG AF Saha, Samir K. Hossain, Belal Islam, Maksuda Hasanuzzaman, Md Saha, Shampa Hasan, Mohammad Darmstadt, Gary L. Chowdury, Mrittika El Arifeen, Shams Baqui, Abdullah H. Breiman, Robert F. Santosham, Mathuram Luby, Stephen P. Whitney, Cynthia G. CA Pneumococcal Study Grp TI Epidemiology of Invasive Pneumococcal Disease in Bangladeshi Children Before Introduction of Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine SO PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASE JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Streptococcus pneumoniae; meningitis; invasive pneumococcal disease; pneumococcal serotype; PCV coverage ID POPULATION-BASED SURVEILLANCE; STREPTOCOCCUS-PNEUMONIAE; ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE; HAEMOPHILUS-INFLUENZAE; CHANGING EPIDEMIOLOGY; ANTIBIOTIC-RESISTANCE; SEROTYPE DISTRIBUTION; CHILDHOOD INFECTIONS; UNITED-STATES; PCR ASSAY AB Background: Because Bangladesh intended to introduce pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV)-10 in 2015, we examined the baseline burden of invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) to measure impact of PCV. Methods: During 2007-2013, we performed blood and cerebrospinal fluid cultures in children <5 years old with suspected IPD identified through active surveillance at 4 hospitals. Isolates were serotyped by quellung and tested for antibiotic susceptibility by disc diffusion and E-test. Serotyping of culture-negative cases, detected by Binax or polymerase chain reaction, was done by sequential multiplex polymerase chain reaction. Trends in IPD case numbers were analyzed by serotype and clinical syndrome. Results: The study identified 752 IPD cases; 78% occurred in children <12 months old. Serotype information was available for 78% (442/568), including 197 of 323 culture-negative cases available for serotyping. We identified 50 serotypes; the most common serotypes were 2 (16%), 1 (10 %), 6B (7%), 14 (7%) and 5 (7%). PCV-10 and PCV-13 serotypes accounted for 46% (range 29%-57% by year) and 50% (range 37%-64% by year) of cases, respectively. Potential serotype coverage for meningitis and nonmeningitis cases was 45% and 49% for PCV-10, and 48% and 57% for PCV-13, respectively. Eighty-two percent of strains were susceptible to all antibiotics except cotrimoxazole. Conclusion: The distribution of serotypes causing IPD in Bangladeshi children is diverse, limiting the proportion of IPD cases PCV can prevent. However, PCV introduction is expected to have major benefits as the country has a high burden of IPD-related mortality, morbidity and disability. C1 [Saha, Samir K.; Hossain, Belal; Islam, Maksuda; Hasanuzzaman, Md; Saha, Shampa; Hasan, Mohammad; Chowdury, Mrittika] Dhaka Shishu Hosp, Child Hlth Res Fdn, Dept Microbiol, Bangladesh Inst Child Hlth, Dhaka, Bangladesh. [Darmstadt, Gary L.; Luby, Stephen P.] Stanford Univ, Div Neonatal & Dev Med, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [El Arifeen, Shams] ICDDR, Dept Child & Adolescent Hlth, Dhaka, Bangladesh. [Baqui, Abdullah H.; Santosham, Mathuram] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Int Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA. [Breiman, Robert F.] Emory Univ, Emory Global Hlth Inst, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Luby, Stephen P.] Stanford Univ, Ctr Innovat Global Hlth, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Whitney, Cynthia G.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Saha, SK (reprint author), Dhaka Shishu Hosp, Child Hlth Res Fdn, Dhaka, Bangladesh.; Saha, SK (reprint author), Dhaka Shishu Hosp, Dept Microbiol, Bangladesh Inst Child Hlth, Dhaka, Bangladesh. EM samirk.sks@gmail.com OI Luby, Stephen/0000-0001-5385-899X FU GAVI's PneumoADIP; World Health Organization; Child Health Research Foundation; Novartis; GlaxoSmithKline FX Supported by GAVI's PneumoADIP, World Health Organization and Child Health Research Foundation.; Samir K. Saha has received grants from Novartis and GlaxoSmithKline. Gary L. Darmstadt is currently a member of the GSK-Save the Children Maternal and Child Health Advisory Board. Mathuram Santosham has served on the scientific advisory committees of both GSK and Pfizer. He has also accepted honoraria for speaking engagements for both the companies. All the other authors have no conflicts of interest to disclose. NR 51 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 0891-3668 EI 1532-0987 J9 PEDIATR INFECT DIS J JI Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 35 IS 6 BP 655 EP 661 DI 10.1097/INF.0000000000001037 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics GA DQ6VN UT WOS:000379343700016 PM 26658530 ER PT J AU Berkowitz, Z Nair, N Saraiya, M AF Berkowitz, Z. Nair, N. Saraiya, M. TI Providers' practice, recommendations and beliefs about HPV vaccination and their adherence to guidelines about the use of HPV testing, 2007 to 2010 SO PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE HPV test use; HPV vaccination impact; Cervical cancer screening; NAMCS and MHAMCS; Vaccina ID HUMAN-PAPILLOMAVIRUS VACCINATION; CERVICAL-CANCER; IMPACT; COLPOSCOPY AB Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccines prevent cervical pre-cancer lesion and can potentially reduce abnormal Papanicolaou (Pap) results among vaccinated females. However, current U.S. cervical screening guidelines recommend no change in screening initiation and frequency based on vaccination status. We examined providers' practices and beliefs about HPV vaccination to evaluate their adherence to guidelines. We used 4-year data (2007-2010) from two nationally representative samples totaling 2119 primary-care providers from the Cervical Cancer Screening Supplement to the National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey (NAMCS) and National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey (NHAMCS). Providers in each survey were stratified to obstetrician/gynecologist (OB/GYNs) and non-OB/GYNs. Descriptive statistics and chi-square tests were performed to assess differences between providers' types in each survey. Approximately 60% of providers believed that HPV vaccination will result in fewer abnormal Pap tests and fewer referrals to colposcopy and over 92% would not change their cervical cancer screening practices for fully vaccinated females. NAMCS OB/GYNs were more likely (p < 0.05) than non-OB/GYNs to rarely/never use the number of sexual partners to determine who gets the HPV vaccine (68.4% vs. 59.1%), more likely to recommend the vaccine to females with history of abnormal Pap (79.6% vs. 68.4%) and to females with a history of HPV positive test result (75.3% vs. 62.8%). Consistent with guidelines, most providers would not change cervical cancer screening practices based on patients' vaccination history. However, some providers used inappropriate tests for making vaccination decisions. Improving HPV vaccine knowledge and recommendations for its use is warranted to implement a successful vaccine program. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Berkowitz, Z.; Saraiya, M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, 4770 Buford Highway NE,MS F76, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Nair, N.] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Berkowitz, Z (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, 4770 Buford Highway NE,MS F76, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM zab3@cdc.gov NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0091-7435 EI 1096-0260 J9 PREV MED JI Prev. Med. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 87 BP 128 EP 131 DI 10.1016/j.ypmed.2016.02.030 PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA DQ2HX UT WOS:000379024500019 PM 26921654 ER PT J AU Agaku, IT Singh, T Rolle, IV Ayo-Yusuf, OA AF Agaku, Israel T. Singh, Tushar Rolle, Italia V. Ayo-Yusuf, Olalekan A. TI Exposure and response to current text-only smokeless tobacco health warnings among smokeless tobacco users aged >= 18 years, United States, 2012-2013 SO PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE Warning labels; Smokeless tobacco; Chewing tobacco; Snuff; Snus; Health policy; Tobacco control ID SMOKING-BEHAVIOR; LABELS; PRODUCTS; SMOKERS; ADOLESCENTS; CARCINOGEN; ADULTS; IMPACT; RISKS AB Introduction. We assessed US adult smokeless tobacco (SLT) users' exposure and response to SLT health warnings, which are currently in text-only format, covering 30% of the two primary surfaces of SLT containers and 20% of advertisements. Methods. Data were from the 2012-2013 National Adult Tobacco Survey. Past 30-day exposure to SLT health warnings among past 30-day SLT users (n = 1626) was a self-report of seeing warnings on SLT packages: "Very often," "Often," or "Sometimes"(versus "Rarely" or "Never"). We measured the association between SLT health warning exposure and perceptions of SLT harmfulness and addictiveness using logistic regression. Results. Of past 30-day SLT users, 77.5% reported exposure to SLT health warnings, with lower prevalence reported among females and users of novel SLT products (snus/dissolvable tobacco). Furthermore, exposure reduced linearly with reducing education and annual household income (p < 0.01). Among exposed past 30-day SLT users, 73.9% reported thinking about the health risks of SLT, while 17.1% reported stopping SLT use on = 1 occasion within the past 30 days. Exposure to SLT warnings was associated with perceived SLT harmfulness (AOR = 2.16; 95% CI = 1.15-4.04), but not with perceived SLT addictiveness. Conclusion. Socioeconomic disparities found in exposure and response to SLT health warnings can be addressed through implementation of large pictorial warnings. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Agaku, Israel T.; Singh, Tushar; Rolle, Italia V.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Smoking & Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. [Singh, Tushar] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Div Appl Sci, Sci Educ & Profess Dev Program Off, Atlanta, GA USA. [Ayo-Yusuf, Olalekan A.] Sefako Makgatho Hlth Sci Univ Medunsa, Pretoria, South Africa. RP Agaku, IT (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Smoking & Hlth, Epidemiol Branch, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, 4770 Buford Hwy,NE MS F-79, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM iagaku@cdc.gov; ydl1@cdc.gov; itr2@cdc.gov; lekan.ayo-yusuf@smu.ac.za OI Singh, Tushar/0000-0002-7740-4826 NR 32 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0091-7435 EI 1096-0260 J9 PREV MED JI Prev. Med. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 87 BP 200 EP 206 DI 10.1016/j.ypmed.2016.02.014 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA DQ2HX UT WOS:000379024500030 PM 26892913 ER PT J AU Moro, RN Borisov, AS Saukkonen, J Khan, A Sterling, TR Villarino, ME Scott, NA Shang, N Kerrigan, A Goldberg, SV AF Moro, Ruth N. Borisov, Andrey S. Saukkonen, Jussi Khan, Awal Sterling, Timothy R. Villarino, M. Elsa Scott, Nigel A. Shang, Nong Kerrigan, Amy Goldberg, Stefan V. TI Factors Associated With Noncompletion of Latent Tuberculosis Infection Treatment: Experience From the PREVENT TB Trial in the United States and Canada SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article DE medication adherence; patient compliance; treatment completion ID TREATMENT COMPLETION; RANDOMIZED-TRIAL; FOLLOW-UP; THERAPY; ADHERENCE; RIFAMPIN; PREDICTORS; JAIL AB Background. Overall rates of noncompletion of treatment (NCT) for latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) in the PREVENT TB trial were 18% for 3 months of directly observed once-weekly rifapentine (maximum dose, 900 mg) plus isoniazid (maximum dose, 900 mg) (3HP-DOT) and 31% for 9 months of daily self-administered isoniazid (maximum dose, 300 mg; 9H-SAT). NCT for LTBI reduces its effectiveness. The study objective was to assess factors associated with NCT for LTBI among adult participants enrolled at US and Canadian sites of the PREVENT TB trial. Methods. This was a post hoc exploratory analysis of the randomized, open-label PREVENT TB trial. Factors were analyzed by univariate and multivariate logistic regression (with enrollment site as a random effect). Results. From 6232 participants analyzed, 1406 (22.6%) did not complete LTBI treatment (317 NCT attributed to an adverse event [NCT-AE] and 1089 NCT attributed to reasons other than an adverse event [NCT-O]). The proportion of NCT-AE was similar with both regimens (3HP-DOT= 6.4% vs 9H-SAT= 5.9%; P=.23); NCT-O was higher among participants enrolled in 9H-SAT (9H-SAT= 24.5% vs 3HP-DOT= 12.7%; P=.02). Among those in the NCT-AE group, being non-Hispanic and receiving 3HPDOT, having cirrhosis and receiving 9H-SAT, alcohol consumption among men, and use of concomitant medication were associated with NCT-AE. Among those in the NCT-O group, receiving 9H-SAT, missing >= 1 early visit, men receiving 9H-SAT, men with a history of incarceration, alcohol abuse, use ever of intravenous drugs, younger age receiving 9H-SAT, and smoking were associated with NCT-O. Conclusions. Factors associated with NCT, such as missing a clinic visit early during treatment, might help identify persons for whom tailored interventions could improve completion of LTBI treatment. C1 [Moro, Ruth N.; Borisov, Andrey S.; Khan, Awal; Villarino, M. Elsa; Scott, Nigel A.; Shang, Nong; Goldberg, Stefan V.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div TB Eliminat, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS E-10, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Moro, Ruth N.; Scott, Nigel A.] CDC, Fdn Res Collaborat, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Saukkonen, Jussi] Boston Univ, Sch Med, Dept Internal Med, Pulm Ctr, Boston, MA 02118 USA. [Sterling, Timothy R.; Kerrigan, Amy] Vanderbilt Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis, Nashville, TN 37212 USA. RP Moro, RN (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div TB Eliminat, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS E-10, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM rmoro@cdc.gov FU CDC; Sanofi US FX This work was supported by the CDC. Sanofi US (Bridgewater, New Jersey) donated the rifapentine used in this study and donated more than $2.5 million to the CDC Foundation to supplement available US federal funding for rifapentine research. Details regarding use of these funds are available upon request. Sanofi US did not participate in the study design; data collection, analysis, or interpretation; writing the manuscript; or the decision to submit this manuscript for publication. R. N. M. and N. A. S. are employed by the CDC Foundation, which receives funds for rifapentine research from Sanofi US. In addition to Sanofi US contributions, no other disclosures have been reported by the authors. NR 31 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 2 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 EI 1537-6591 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD JUN 1 PY 2016 VL 62 IS 11 BP 1390 EP 1400 DI 10.1093/cid/ciw126 PG 11 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA DP3YX UT WOS:000378433400015 PM 26951571 ER PT J AU Mi, GD Ma, BL Kleinman, N Li, ZJ Fuller, S Bulterys, M Hladik, W Wu, ZY AF Mi, Guodong Ma, Baoli Kleinman, Nora Li, Zhijun Fuller, Serena Bulterys, Marc Hladik, Wolfgang Wu, Zunyou TI Hidden and Mobile: A Web-based Study of Migration Patterns of Men Who Have Sex With Men in China SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article DE men who have sex with men; migration; HIV/AIDS; China ID TO-URBAN MIGRANTS; HIV; RISK; PREVALENCE AB Background. Men who have sex with men (MSM) are highly vulnerable to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and more likely to migrate due to widespread stigma and discrimination in China. Their mobility complicates estimation of local MSM population sizes and the provision of HIV services, and may also contribute to the spread of HIV. Methods. Between 1 January 2008 and 31 December 2012, the visits of all individuals to the largest Chinese MSM dating website were recorded. After a predesigned de-identification procedure by the website, we analyzed Internet Protocol addresses for migration patterns. Migrants were defined as individuals who were away from their registered residence for >6 months in the last 12 months. Results. The website contained data on 794 912 MSM eligible for the study, of which 34.5% were migrants. The median age was 26 years (range, 18-61 years), and 85.5% were unmarried. Compared with nonmigrant MSM, migrants were less likely to be married to a woman (8.6% vs 13.5%; P<.001). The 5 provinces with the highest migrant inflow ratios were Guangdong, Shanghai, Beijing, Tianjin, and Zhejiang. Eastern coastal cities were the primary destination of MSM from southwestern China. Conclusions. Preferential MSM migration may influence MSM population sizes in both originating and destination provinces, particularly for provinces with uneven inflow and outflow. MSM migration from southwestern China, which has the highest HIV prevalence in this population, to coastal cities with lower prevalence may have implications for the spread of the HIV epidemic as well as HIV care services. C1 [Mi, Guodong; Kleinman, Nora; Li, Zhijun; Fuller, Serena; Bulterys, Marc] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Global AIDS Program, China Off, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Mi, Guodong; Wu, Zunyou] Chinese Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr AIDS STD Control & Prevent, 155 Changbai Rd, Beijing 102206, Peoples R China. [Ma, Baoli] Blue Brother, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Kleinman, Nora; Fuller, Serena] Assoc Sch Publ Hlth, Washington, DC USA. [Bulterys, Marc] Naval Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA USA. [Hladik, Wolfgang] CDC, Div Global HIV & TB, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Wu, ZY (reprint author), Chinese Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr AIDS STD Control & Prevent, 155 Changbai Rd, Beijing 102206, Peoples R China. EM wuzy@263.net FU President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief through a cooperative agreement from the Global AIDS Program of the US CDC, China Office (Beijing); NCAIDS/China CDC FX This study was supported in part by the President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief through a cooperative agreement from the Global AIDS Program of the US CDC, China Office (Beijing). Further support was provided by the NCAIDS/China CDC. NR 17 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 5 U2 8 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 EI 1537-6591 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD JUN 1 PY 2016 VL 62 IS 11 BP 1443 EP 1447 DI 10.1093/cid/ciw167 PG 5 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA DP3YX UT WOS:000378433400023 PM 27129466 ER PT J AU Haddock, RL Olson, DR Backer, L Malilay, J AF Haddock, Robert L. Olson, David R. Backer, Lorraine Malilay, Josephine TI Urolithiasis, Urinary Cancer, and Home Drinking Water Source in the United States Territory of Guam, 2006-2010 SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article DE urolithiasis; urinary cancer; municipal water; hard water; well water; calcium carbonate ID KIDNEY-STONES; NEPHROLITHIASIS; PREVALENCE; HARDNESS; RISK AB We reviewed patient records with a first-listed diagnosis of urolithiasis-also known as urinary tract or kidney stone disease, nephrolithiasis-upon discharge from Guam's sole civilian hospital during 2006 to 2010 and urinary cancer mortality records from the Guam Cancer Registry for 1970 to 2009 to determine the source of municipal water supplied to the patients' residence. The objective was to investigate a possible relationship between the sources of municipal water supplied to Guam villages and the incidence of urolithiasis and urinary cancer. We analyzed hospital discharge diagnoses of urolithiasis or renal calculi by calculating the incidence of first-mentioned discharge for urolithiasis or renal calculi and comparing rates across demographic or geographic categories while adjusting by age, sex, and ethnicity/race. We reviewed cancer registry records of urinary cancer deaths by patient residence. The annual incidence of hospitalization for urolithiasis was 5.22 per 10,000. Rates adjusted for sex or age exhibited almost no change. The rate of 9.83 per 10,000 among Chamorros was significantly higher (p < 0.05) than the rates among any other ethnic group or race. When villages were grouped by water source, rates of patients discharged with a first-listed diagnosis of urolithiasis, adjusted for ethnicity/race, were similar for villages using either well water (5.44 per 10,000) or mixed source water (5.39 per 10,000), and significantly greater than the rate for villages using exclusively reservoir water (1.35 per 10,000). No statistically significant differences were found between the water source or village of residence and urinary cancer mortality. Some Guam residents living in villages served completely or partly by deep well water high in calcium carbonate may be at increased risk for urolithiasis compared with residents living in villages served by surface waters. Although the risk appears to be highest in villagers of Chamorro ethnicity, residents should be aware of other contributing risk factors and steps to take to avoid developing this health problem. C1 [Haddock, Robert L.] Guam Dept Publ Hlth & Social Serv, 123 Chalan Kareta, Mangilao, GU 96913 USA. [Olson, David R.; Backer, Lorraine; Malilay, Josephine] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, 4770 Buford Hwy NE,Mail Stop F-60, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Olson, DR (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, 4770 Buford Hwy NE,Mail Stop F-60, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM robhad@yahoo.com; dolson@cdc.gov; lbacker@cdc.gov; jmalilay@cdc.gov OI Haddock, Robert/0000-0002-8214-4643 FU NCI [U54 CA143728-02] FX No specific funding was provided for this work. The Guam Cancer Registry is supported by NCI grant U54 CA143728-02 and local tobacco tax revenues. We thank Vince Quichocho, Guam Memorial Hospital Authority (GMHA), for providing hospital discharge statistics and Renata Bordallo, Guam Cancer Registry, University of Guam, for providing mortality data; Yvonne Damian and Carla T. Haddock, also of GMHA, for reviewing patient records to confirm accuracy of reported patient residence; Paul J. Kemp and Carina Denton of the Guam Waterworks Authority for detailing the distribution pattern of Guam municipal drinking water supplies; Arie Manangan from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), National Center for Environmental Health, for detailing a map of the territory; and Virgilio Petero, Pacific Urology Center, Guam, Victor Coronado, CDC, National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, and Ellen Yard, CDC, National Center for Environmental Health for their helpful critique of this manuscript. The findings and conclusions in this paper are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official view of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 28 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 6 U2 6 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1660-4601 J9 INT J ENV RES PUB HE JI Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health PD JUN PY 2016 VL 13 IS 6 AR 523 DI 10.3390/ijerph13060523 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DQ0AS UT WOS:000378860100002 ER PT J AU Lemons, A Branz, A Kimirei, M Hawkins, T Lantagne, D AF Lemons, Ansley Branz, Ariel Kimirei, Mesiaki Hawkins, Tracy Lantagne, Daniele TI Assessment of the quality, effectiveness, and acceptability of ceramic water filters in Tanzania SO JOURNAL OF WATER SANITATION AND HYGIENE FOR DEVELOPMENT LA English DT Article DE acceptability; ceramic water filters; effectiveness; household water treatment; point-of-use water treatment; QA/QC ID DRINKING-WATER; DEVELOPING-COUNTRIES; DIARRHEAL DISEASE; CONTROLLED-TRIAL; POINT; FILTRATION; CAMBODIA; COMMUNITY; ACCESS AB Globally, approximately two billion people drink contaminated water. Use of household water treatment (HWT) methods, such as locally manufactured ceramic filters, reduces the diarrheal disease burden associated with unclean water. We evaluated the quality, effectiveness, and acceptability of ceramic filters in two communities in Arusha, Tanzania, by conducting: 1) baseline household surveys with 50 families; 2) filter flow rate testing; 3) filter distribution with training sessions; 4) follow-up surveys at 2, 4, and 6 weeks after distribution; and 5) project end focus group discussions. We tested Escherichia coli (E. coli) and turbidity at baseline and the first two follow-ups. We found: 1) filter quality was low, as only 46% of filters met recommended flow rate guidelines and 18% of filters broke during the 6-week study; 2) filter effectiveness was moderate, with 8% and 35% of filters effectively reducing E. coli to < 1 CFU/100 mL and < 10 CFU/100 mL, respectively, at follow-ups; and, 3) filter acceptability was high, with 94% overall satisfaction and 96-100% reported use in the previous day. These results highlight the importance of mixed methods research as HWT product quality, effectiveness, and acceptability all impact product efficacy, and the need for quality assurance/quality control and certification schemes for locally manufactured HWT products. C1 [Lemons, Ansley] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Lemons, Ansley] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Branz, Ariel; Lantagne, Daniele] Tufts Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Medford, MA 02155 USA. [Kimirei, Mesiaki] Safe Water Ceram East Africa, Arusha, Tanzania. [Hawkins, Tracy] Safe Water Now, Asheville, NC 28804 USA. RP Lantagne, D (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Medford, MA 02155 USA. EM daniele.lantagne@tufts.edu NR 30 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 10 PU IWA PUBLISHING PI LONDON PA ALLIANCE HOUSE, 12 CAXTON ST, LONDON SW1H0QS, ENGLAND SN 2043-9083 J9 J WATER SANIT HYG DE JI J. Wate Sanit. Hyg. Dev. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 6 IS 2 BP 195 EP 204 DI 10.2166/washdev.2016.006 PG 10 WC Water Resources SC Water Resources GA DP6XU UT WOS:000378643900002 ER PT J AU Grosse, SD Thompson, JD Ding, Y Glass, M AF Grosse, Scott D. Thompson, John D. Ding, Yao Glass, Michael TI The Use of Economic Evaluation to Inform Newborn Screening Policy Decisions: The Washington State Experience SO MILBANK QUARTERLY LA English DT Article DE neonatal screening; economics; cost-benefit analysis; cystic fibrosis; MCAD deficiency ID COA DEHYDROGENASE-DEFICIENCY; TANDEM MASS-SPECTROMETRY; SEVERE COMBINED IMMUNODEFICIENCY; PUBLIC-HEALTH SYSTEMS; COST-EFFECTIVENESS; CYSTIC-FIBROSIS; UNITED-STATES; EARLY-DIAGNOSIS; CHILDREN; AGE AB Newborn screening not only saves lives but can also yield net societal economic benefit, in addition to benefits such as improved quality of life to affected individuals and families. Calculations of net economic benefit from newborn screening include the monetary equivalent of avoided deaths and reductions in costs of care for complications associated with late-diagnosed individuals minus the additional costs of screening, diagnosis, and treatment associated with prompt diagnosis. Since 2001 the Washington State Department of Health has successfully implemented an approach to conducting evidence-based economic evaluations of disorders proposed for addition to the state-mandated newborn screening panel. ContextEconomic evaluations can inform policy decisions on the expansion of newborn screening panels. This article documents the use of cost-benefit models in Washington State as part of the rule-making process that resulted in the implementation of screening for medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (MCAD) deficiency and 4 other metabolic disorders in 2004, cystic fibrosis (CF) in 2006, 15 other metabolic disorders in 2008, and severe combined immune deficiency (SCID) in 2014. MethodsWe reviewed Washington State Department of Health internal reports and spreadsheet models of expected net societal benefit of adding disorders to the state newborn screening panel. We summarize the assumptions and findings for 2 models (MCAD and CF) and discuss them in relation to findings in the peer-reviewed literature. FindingsThe MCAD model projected a benefit-cost ratio of 3.4 to 1 based on assumptions of a 20.0 percentage point reduction in infant mortality and a 13.9 percentage point reduction in serious developmental disability. The CF model projected a benefit-cost ratio of 4.0-5.4 to 1 for a discount rate of 3%-4% and a plausible range of 1-2 percentage point reductions in deaths up to age 10 years. ConclusionsThe Washington State cost-benefit models of newborn screening were broadly consistent with peer-reviewed literature, and their findings of net benefit appear to be robust to uncertainty in parameters. Public health newborn screening programs can develop their own capacity to project expected costs and benefits of expansion of newborn screening panels, although it would be most efficient if this capacity were shared among programs. C1 [Grosse, Scott D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA USA. [Thompson, John D.; Glass, Michael] Washington State Dept Hlth, Off Newborn Screening, Washington, DC USA. [Ding, Yao] Assoc Publ Hlth Labs, Hlth Econ, Silver Spring, MD USA. RP Grosse, SD (reprint author), 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mail Stop E-64, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM sgrosse@cdc.gov NR 89 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 7 U2 8 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0887-378X EI 1468-0009 J9 MILBANK Q JI Milbank Q. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 94 IS 2 BP 366 EP 391 DI 10.1111/1468-0009.12196 PG 26 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Health Policy & Services SC Health Care Sciences & Services GA DP5OX UT WOS:000378548000011 PM 27265561 ER PT J AU Gupta, PM Perrine, CG Mei, Z Scanlon, KS AF Gupta, Priya M. Perrine, Cria G. Mei, Zuguo Scanlon, Kelley S. TI Iron, Anemia, and Iron Deficiency Anemia among Young Children in the United States SO NUTRIENTS LA English DT Article DE iron deficiency; anemia; NHANES ID PREVALENCE AB Iron deficiency and anemia are associated with impaired neurocognitive development and immune function in young children. Total body iron, calculated from serum ferritin and soluble transferrin receptor concentrations, and hemoglobin allow for monitoring of the iron and anemia status of children in the United States. The purpose of this analysis is to describe the prevalence of iron deficiency (ID), anemia, and iron deficiency anemia (IDA) among children 1-5 years using data from the 2007-2010 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Prevalence of ID, anemia, and IDA among children 1-5 years was 7.1% (5.5, 8.7), 3.2% (2.0, 4.3), and 1.1% (0.6, 1.7), respectively. The prevalence of both ID and anemia were higher among children 1-2 years (p < 0.05). In addition, 50% of anemic children 1-2 years were iron deficient. This analysis provides an update on the prevalence of ID, anemia, and IDA for a representative sample of US children. Our results suggest little change in these indicators over the past decade. Monitoring of ID and anemia is critical and prevention of ID in early childhood should remain a public health priority. C1 [Gupta, Priya M.; Perrine, Cria G.; Mei, Zuguo; Scanlon, Kelley S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Nutr Phys Act & Obes, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Gupta, PM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Nutr Phys Act & Obes, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM kso7@cdc.gov; hgk3@cdc.gov; zam0@cdc.gov; kxs5@cdc.gov NR 17 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 6 U2 7 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 2072-6643 J9 NUTRIENTS JI Nutrients PD JUN PY 2016 VL 8 IS 6 AR 330 DI 10.3390/nu8060330 PG 4 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA DP8YF UT WOS:000378783200015 ER PT J AU Cheng, TA Bell, JM Haileyesus, T Gilchrist, J Sugerman, DE Coronado, VG AF Cheng, Tabitha A. Bell, Jeneita M. Haileyesus, Tadesse Gilchrist, Julie Sugerman, David E. Coronado, Victor G. TI Nonfatal Playground-Related Traumatic Brain Injuries Among Children, 2001-2013 SO PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; EQUIPMENT; PROGRAM; SPORTS; TRENDS; NEISS AB OBJECTIVE: To describe the circumstances, characteristics, and trends of emergency department (ED) visits for nonfatal, playground-related traumatic brain injury (TBI) among persons aged <= 14 years. METHODS: The National Electronic Injury Surveillance System-All Injury Program from January 1, 2001, through December 31, 2013, was examined. US Census bridged-race population estimates were used as the denominator to compute rates per 100000 population. SAS and Joinpoint linear weighted regression analyses were used to analyze the best-fitting join-point and the annual modeled rate change. These models were used to indicate the magnitude and direction of rate trends for each segment or period. RESULTS: During the study period, an annual average of 21101 persons aged <= 14 years were treated in EDs for playground-related TBI. The ED visit rate for boys was 39.7 per 100000 and 53.5 for persons aged 5-9 years. Overall, 95.6% were treated and released, 33.5% occurred at places of recreation or sports, and 32.5% occurred at school. Monkey bars or playground gyms (28.3%) and swings (28.1%) were the most frequently associated with TBI, but equipment involvement varied by age group. The annual rate of TBI ED visits increased significantly from 2005 to 2013 (P < .05). CONCLUSIONS: Playgrounds remain an important location of injury risk to children. Strategies to reduce the incidence and severity of playground-related TBIs are needed. These may include improved adult supervision, methods to reduce child risk behavior, regular equipment maintenance, and improvements in playground surfaces and environments. C1 [Cheng, Tabitha A.; Bell, Jeneita M.; Gilchrist, Julie; Sugerman, David E.; Coronado, Victor G.] Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Div Unintent Injury Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Cheng, Tabitha A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, CDC Experience Appl Epidemiol Fellowship, Div Sci Educ & Profess Dev, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Haileyesus, Tadesse] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Anal Res & Practice Integrat, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Cheng, TA (reprint author), UCLA Emergency Med, 924 Westwood Blvd,Ste 300, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. EM tacheng@mednet.ucla.edu FU External Medical Affairs, Pfizer Inc. FX The CDC Experience is a 1-year fellowship in applied epidemiology at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention made possible by a public/private partnership supported by a grant to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Foundation from External Medical Affairs, Pfizer Inc. NR 27 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 3 PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD,, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 USA SN 0031-4005 EI 1098-4275 J9 PEDIATRICS JI Pediatrics PD JUN PY 2016 VL 137 IS 6 AR e20152721 DI 10.1542/peds.2015-2721 PG 9 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA DP5EZ UT WOS:000378520100011 ER PT J AU Holmes, BW Sheetz, A Allison, M Ancona, R Attisha, E Beers, N De Pinto, C Gorski, P Kjolhede, C Lerner, M Weiss-Harrison, A Young, T Fekaris, N Johnson, V Kataoka, S Leonard, S Devore, CD Okamoto, J Minier, M Duff, C Grant, L Mattey, E Vernon-Smiley, M Guinn-Jones, M AF Holmes, Breena Welch Sheetz, Anne Allison, Mandy Ancona, Richard Attisha, Elliott Beers, Nathaniel De Pinto, Cheryl Gorski, Peter Kjolhede, Chris Lerner, Marc Weiss-Harrison, Adrienne Young, Thomas Fekaris, Nina Johnson, Veda Kataoka, Sheryl Leonard, Sandra Devore, Cynthia DiLaura Okamoto, Jeffrey Minier, Mark Duff, Carolyn Grant, Linda Mattey, Elizabeth Vernon-Smiley, Mary Guinn-Jones, Madra CA Council Sch Hlth TI Role of the School Nurse in Providing School Health Services SO PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article ID CHILDREN; ACHIEVEMENT; STUDENTS; CARE; HOME AB The American Academy of Pediatrics recognizes the important role school nurses play in promoting the optimal biopsychosocial health and well-being of school-aged children in the school setting. Although the concept of a school nurse has existed for more than a century, uniformity among states and school districts regarding the role of a registered professional nurse in schools and the laws governing it are lacking. By understanding the benefits, roles, and responsibilities of school nurses working as a team with the school physician, as well as their contributions to school-aged children, pediatricians can collaborate with, support, and promote school nurses in their own communities, thus improving the health, wellness, and safety of children and adolescents. C1 [Fekaris, Nina; Duff, Carolyn; Mattey, Elizabeth] Natl Assoc Sch Nurses, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. [Johnson, Veda] Sch Based Hlth Alliance, Washington, DC 20005 USA. [Kataoka, Sheryl] Amer Acad Child & Adolescent Psychiat, Washington, DC 20016 USA. [Leonard, Sandra; Vernon-Smiley, Mary] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Grant, Linda] Amer Sch Hlth Assoc, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. NR 38 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD,, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 USA SN 0031-4005 EI 1098-4275 J9 PEDIATRICS JI Pediatrics PD JUN PY 2016 VL 137 IS 6 AR e20160852 DI 10.1542/peds.2016-0852 PG 6 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA DP5EZ UT WOS:000378520100049 ER PT J AU Mapp, L Chambers, Y Takundwa, P Hill, VR Schneeberger, C Knee, J Raynor, M Klonicki, P Miller, K Pope, M Hwang, N AF Mapp, Latisha Chambers, Yildiz Takundwa, Prisca Hill, Vincent R. Schneeberger, Chandra Knee, Jackie Raynor, Malik Klonicki, Patricia Miller, Kenneth Pope, Misty Hwang, Nina TI Inter-Laboratory Evaluation and Successful Implementation of MS2 Coliphage as a Surrogate to Establish Proficiency Using a BSL-3 Procedure SO WATER LA English DT Article DE male-specific (MS2); coliphage; drinking water; quality control criteria; ultrafiltration ID TAP WATER SAMPLES; WASTE-WATER; SIMULTANEOUS RECOVERY; DRINKING-WATER; ULTRAFILTRATION; DISINFECTION; GROUNDWATER; MICROBES; REMOVAL; SCALE AB The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) Water Laboratory Alliance relies on the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's ultrafiltration-based Water Processing Procedure (WPP) for concentration of biosafety level 3 (BSL-3) agents from 10 L to 100 L of drinking water. The WPP requires comprehensive training and practice to maintain proficiency, resulting in a critical need for quality control (QC) criteria. The aim of this study was to develop criteria using male-specific (MS2) coliphage (BSL-2 agent) to minimize safety hazards associated with BSL-3 agents and to use the criteria to evaluate analytical proficiency during a demonstration exercise. EPA Method 1602 with EasyPhage was used during the study to develop QC criteria for 100-mL, and 40-100 L samples. The demonstration exercise indicated that the MS2 criteria would allow laboratories to demonstrate proficiency using the WPP with 40-100 L samples. In addition, the QC criteria developed for 100-mL samples has broad applicability at laboratories that are using MS2 for other types of analyses, such as assessment of water treatment devices. The development of MS2 QC criteria allows laboratories to develop and confirm ongoing proficiency using the WPP. C1 [Mapp, Latisha; Takundwa, Prisca; Raynor, Malik; Hwang, Nina] US EPA, Off Water, 1200 Penn Ave NW, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Chambers, Yildiz; Klonicki, Patricia; Miller, Kenneth; Pope, Misty] CSRA, Sci & Engn, 6361 Walker Lane,Suite 300, Alexandria, VA 22310 USA. [Hill, Vincent R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Schneeberger, Chandra; Knee, Jackie] IHRC Inc, 2 Ravinia Dr NE, Atlanta, GA 30346 USA. RP Hill, VR (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM mapp.latisha@epa.gov; yildiz.chambers@csra.com; tendait@gmail.com; vhill@cdc.gov; cschneeberger@cdc.gov; jackie.knee@gmail.com; Malik.J.Raynor@uth.tmc.edu; tricia.klonicki@csra.com; kenneth.m.miller@csra.com; misty.pope@csra.com; nina.hwang12@gmail.com FU EPA's Office of Ground Water and Drinking Water, Water Security Division [DW-75-922304801]; CDC Office of Public Health Preparedness and Response FX Contributions across a wide range of issues are gratefully acknowledged from the following subject matter experts and environmental/public health laboratories: Erin Black, Mike Bowen, Jasmine Chaitram, Bruce Newton, Todd Parker, and Beth Schweitzer (U.S. CDC); Mike Tyree, Bill Fromme and David Hartman (GCWW); Mike Chicoine (Washington Aqueduct); Melissa Billman and Meg Carlson (Fairfax CountyWater Authority); Mark Meckes and Laura Boczek (EPA NRMRL); and Sharon Long, Sharon Kluender, and Jeremy Olstadt (Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene). This work was supported by the EPA's Office of Ground Water and Drinking Water, Water Security Division under Interagency Agreement DW-75-922304801. We gratefully acknowledge the contributions of Erin Silverstri (EPA National Homeland Security Research Center) in facilitating this partnership, as well as her contributions to our planning workgroup and review of this manuscript. Additional support was provided by CDC Office of Public Health Preparedness and Response. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and should not be construed to represent any agency determination or policy. Use of trade names and commercial sources is for identification only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. CDC or the U.S. EPA. NR 27 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 2073-4441 J9 WATER-SUI JI Water PD JUN PY 2016 VL 8 IS 6 AR 248 DI 10.3390/w8060248 PG 14 WC Water Resources SC Water Resources GA DP9XN UT WOS:000378851300032 ER PT J AU Willby, MJ Green, KD Gajadeera, CS Hou, CX Tsodikov, OV Posey, JE Garneau-Tsodikova, S AF Willby, Melisa J. Green, Keith D. Gajadeera, Chathurada S. Hou, Caixia Tsodikov, Oleg V. Posey, James E. Garneau-Tsodikova, Sylvie TI Potent Inhibitors of Acetyltransferase Eis Overcome Kanamycin Resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis SO ACS CHEMICAL BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID AMINOGLYCOSIDE ACETYLTRANSFERASE; BISUBSTRATE INHIBITORS; CEFTAZIDIME-AVIBACTAM; STRUCTURAL-ANALYSIS; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; BETA-LACTAMASE; ENZYME; 6'-N-ACETYLTRANSFERASES; 2'-N-ACETYLTRANSFERASE; IDENTIFICATION AB A major cause of tuberculosis (TB) resistance to the aninoglycoside kanamycin (KAN) is the Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) acetyltransferase Eis. Upregulation of this enzyme is responsible for inactivation of KAN through acetylation. of its amino;groups. A 123 000 compound high-throughput screen (HTS);yielded several small-molecule Eis inhibitors 014 share an isothiazole S,S-dioxide hoteroeyelic core. TheSe were investigated for their, structure attiliity relationships.: Crystal structures of Eis in,complex with two potent inhibitorS show that these molecules are bound in the conformationally :adaptable aminoglycoSide binding site of the enzyme, thereby obstructing binding of KAN for acetylation. Importantly; we demonstrate that several Eis inhibitors, when used in combination with KAN against resistant Mtb, efficiently overcome KAN resistance. This approach paves the way:toward development of novel combination, thetapies against aminoglycoside-resistant TB. C1 [Willby, Melisa J.; Posey, James E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div TB Eliminat, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Green, Keith D.; Gajadeera, Chathurada S.; Hou, Caixia; Tsodikov, Oleg V.; Garneau-Tsodikova, Sylvie] Univ Kentucky, Dept Pharmaceut Sci, Lexington, KY 40536 USA. RP Posey, JE (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div TB Eliminat, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA.; Tsodikov, OV; Garneau-Tsodikova, S (reprint author), Univ Kentucky, Dept Pharmaceut Sci, Lexington, KY 40536 USA. EM oleg.tsodikov@uky.edu; jposey@cdc.gov; sylviegtsodikova@uky.edu FU NIAID NIH HHS [R01 AI090048] NR 35 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 8 U2 8 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1554-8929 EI 1554-8937 J9 ACS CHEM BIOL JI ACS Chem. Biol. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 11 IS 6 BP 1639 EP 1646 DI 10.1021/acschembio.6b00110 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA DP2FC UT WOS:000378302500020 PM 27010218 ER PT J AU Flanders, WD Klein, M Mirabelli, MC AF Flanders, W. Dana Klein, Mitchel Mirabelli, Maria C. TI Conditions for valid estimation of causal effects on prevalence in cross-sectional and other studies SO ANNALS OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Prevalence; Causal effects; Validity; Survey; Cross-sectional studies; Target population ID PRINCIPAL STRATIFICATION; EPIDEMIOLOGIC RESEARCH; POTENTIAL OUTCOMES; CLINICAL-TRIAL; ODDS RATIO; INFERENCE; HEALTH; BIAS; DEFINITION; COMMUNITY AB Purpose: Causal effects in epidemiology are almost invariably studied by considering disease incidence even when prevalence data are used to estimate the causal effect. For example, if certain conditions are met, a prevalence odds ratio can provide a valid estimate of an incidence rate ratio. Our purpose and main result are conditions that assure causal effects on prevalence can be estimated in cross-sectional studies, even when the prevalence odds ratio does not estimate incidence. Methods: Using a general causal effect definition in a multivariate counterfactual framework, we define causal contrasts that compare prevalences among survivors from a target population had all been exposed at baseline with that prevalence had all been unexposed. Although prevalence is a measure reflecting a moment in time, we consider the time sequence to study causal effects. Results: Effects defined using a contrast of counterfactual prevalences can be estimated in an experiment and, with conditions provided, in cross-sectional studies. Proper interpretation of the effect includes recognition that the target is the baseline population, defined at the age or time of exposure. Conclusions: Prevalences are widely reported, readily available measures for assessing disabilities and disease burden. Effects on prevalence are estimable in cross-sectional studies but only if appropriate conditions hold. (C) 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Flanders, W. Dana; Klein, Mitchel] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Flanders, W. Dana] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Biostat & Bioinformat, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Klein, Mitchel] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm & Occupat Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Mirabelli, Maria C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Div Environm Hazards & Hlth Effects, Air Pollut & Resp Hlth Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Flanders, WD (reprint author), Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Biostat & Bioinformat, Dept Epidemiol, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM wflande@sph.emory.edu FU US EPA grant [R834799] FX This publication was supported by US EPA grant R834799. This publication's contents are solely the responsibility of the grantee and do not necessarily represent the official views of the US EPA or CDC. Furthermore, US EPA does not endorse the purchase of any commercial products or services mentioned in the publication. NR 35 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1047-2797 EI 1873-2585 J9 ANN EPIDEMIOL JI Ann. Epidemiol. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 26 IS 6 BP 389 EP 394 DI 10.1016/j.annepidem.2016.04.010 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DP2EX UT WOS:000378302000001 PM 27287301 ER PT J AU Hales, CM Harpaz, R Bialek, SR AF Hales, Craig M. Harpaz, Rafael Bialek, Stephanie R. TI Self-reported herpes zoster, pain, and health care seeking in the Health and Retirement Study: implications for interpretation of health care-based studies SO ANNALS OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Herpes zoster; Health surveys; Epidemiologic methods; Population surveillance; Risk factors; Pain; Health care seeking behavior; Medical records ID OLDER-ADULTS; POSTHERPETIC NEURALGIA; ADMINISTRATIVE DATABASE; VARICELLA VACCINATION; COMPLICATION RATES; UNITED-STATES; RISK-FACTORS; POPULATION; EPIDEMIOLOGY; SHINGLES AB Purpose: To describe self-reported herpes zoster (HZ) and explore factors that could impact interpretation of results from health care-based HZ studies. Methods: We performed logistic regression using data from the 2008 Health and Retirement Study (HRS) to evaluate risk factors for having a history of HZ and experiencing severe HZ pain, and predictors for seeking health care for HZ. Results: Among 14,564 respondents aged >= 55 years, women were more likely than men to report a history of HZ (15.7% vs. 11.6%, P <.01). Blacks (6.4% vs. 14.7% in whites, P <.01) and respondents with less than a high school diploma (12.2% vs.14.2% in respondents with at least a high school diploma, P =.01) were less likely to report a history of HZ. Women, blacks, Hispanics, and those with less than a high school diploma were more likely to report severe HZ pain. Most (91.1%) respondents sought health care for HZ; Hispanics (64.2% vs. 92.1% in whites, P <.001) and those with recurrent HZ were less likely to seek health care for HZ, whereas those with severe pain were more likely (95.4% vs. 87.9% in those without severe pain, P <.01). Conclusions: HRS provides a new platform for studies of HZ, one which allowed us to uncover issues that warrant particular attention when interpreting results of health care-based studies. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Hales, Craig M.; Harpaz, Rafael; Bialek, Stephanie R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Hales, Craig M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, 3311 Toledo Rd,Mail Stop P-08, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. [Bialek, Stephanie R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ctr Global Hlth, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mail Stop A-06, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. RP Hales, CM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, 3311 Toledo Rd,Mail Stop P-08, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. EM chales@cdc.gov NR 42 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1047-2797 EI 1873-2585 J9 ANN EPIDEMIOL JI Ann. Epidemiol. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 26 IS 6 BP 441 EP 446 DI 10.1016/j.annepidem.2016.04.006 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DP2EX UT WOS:000378302000010 PM 27180114 ER PT J AU Verani, AR Emerson, CN Lederer, P Lipke, G Kapata, N Lanje, S Peters, AC Zulu, I Marston, BJ Miller, B AF Verani, Andre R. Emerson, Courtney N. Lederer, Philip Lipke, Ginny Kapata, Nathan Lanje, Samson Peters, Annatjie C. Zulu, Isaac Marston, Barbara J. Miller, Bess TI The role of the law in reducing tuberculosis transmission in Botswana, South Africa and Zambia SO BULLETIN OF THE WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION LA English DT Article ID EXTENSIVELY DRUG-RESISTANT; INFECTION-CONTROL; HIV CARE; HEALTH AB Objective To determine whether laws and regulations in Botswana, South Africa and Zambia three countries with a high tuberculosis and HIV infection burden address elements of the World Health Organization (WHO) policy on tuberculosis infection control. Methods An online desk review of laws and regulations that address six selected elements of the WHO policy on tuberculosis infection control in the three countries was conducted in November 2015 using publicly available domestic legal databases. The six elements covered: (i) national policy and legal framework; (ii) health facility design, construction and use; (iii) tuberculosis disease surveillance among health workers; (iv) patients' and health workers' rights; (v) monitoring of infection control measures; and.(vi) relevant research. Findings The six elements were found to be adequately addressed in the three countries' laws and regulations. In all three, tuberculosis case-reporting is required, as is tuberculosis surveillance among health workers. Each country's legal and regulatory framework also addresses the need to respect individuals' rights and privacy while safeguarding public health. These laws and regulations create a strong foundation for tuberculosis infection control. Although the legal and regulatory frameworks thoroughly address tuberculosis infection control, their dissemination, implementation and enforcement were not assessed, nor was their impact on public health. Conclusion Laws and regulations in Botswana, South Africa and Zambia address all six selected elements of the WHO policy on tuberculosis infection control. However, the lack of data on their implementation is a limitation. Future research should assess the implementation and public health impact of laws and regulations. C1 [Verani, Andre R.; Emerson, Courtney N.; Lederer, Philip; Lipke, Ginny; Zulu, Isaac] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global HIV & TB, 1600 Clifton Rd,Mailbox E-39, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Kapata, Nathan] Minist Hlth, Natl TB & Leprosy Control Programme, Lusaka, Zambia. [Lanje, Samson] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Gaborone, Botswana. [Peters, Annatjie C.] MDR TB Partnership, Jhpiego South Afr, Pretoria, South Africa. [Marston, Barbara J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global Hlth Protect, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Verani, AR (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global HIV & TB, 1600 Clifton Rd,Mailbox E-39, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM averani@cdc.gov FU NIAID NIH HHS [T32 AI007061] NR 30 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION PI GENEVA 27 PA MARKETING AND DISSEMINATION, CH-1211 GENEVA 27, SWITZERLAND SN 0042-9686 EI 1564-0604 J9 B WORLD HEALTH ORGAN JI Bull. World Health Organ. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 94 IS 6 BP 415 EP 423 DI 10.2471/BLT.15.156927 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DO9HT UT WOS:000378096800011 PM 27274593 ER PT J AU Chanda, E Mzilahowa, T Chipwanya, J Ali, D Troell, P Dodoli, W Mnzava, AP Ameneshewa, B Gimnig, J AF Chanda, Emmanuel Mzilahowa, Themba Chipwanya, John Ali, Doreen Troell, Peter Dodoli, Wilfred Mnzava, Abraham P. Ameneshewa, Birkinesh Gimnig, John TI Scale-up of integrated malaria vector control: lessons from Malawi SO BULLETIN OF THE WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION LA English DT Article ID TRANSMISSION AB Problem Indoor residual spraying and long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) are key tools for malaria vector control. Malawi has struggled to scale up indoor residual spraying and to improve LLIN coverage and usage. Approach In 2002, the Malawian National Malaria Control Programme developed guidelines for insecticide treated net distribution to reach the strategic target of at least 60% coverage of households with an LLIN. By 2005, the target coverage was 80% of households and the Global Fund financed the scale-up. The US President's Malaria Initiative funded the indoor residual spraying intervention. Local setting Malawi's entire population is considered to be at risk of malaria. Poor vector control, insecticide resistance in malaria vectors and insufficient technical and financial support have exacerbated the malaria burden. Relevant changes Between 2002 and 2012, 18 248 206 LLINs had been distributed. The coverage of at least one LLIN per household increased from 27% (3689/13 664) to 58% (1974/3404). Indoor residual spraying coverage increased from 28 227 to 653 592 structures between 2007 and 2011. However, vector resistance prompted a switch from pyrethroids to organophosphates for indoor residual spraying, which increased the cost and operations needed to be cut back from seven to one district. Malaria cases increased from 2 853 315 in 2002 to 6 748 535 in 2010, and thereafter dropped to 4 922 596 in 2012. Lessons learnt A single intervention-based approach for vector control may have suboptimal impact. Well-coordinated integrated vector management may offer greater benefits. A resistance management plan is essential for effective and sustainable vector control. C1 [Chanda, Emmanuel] 11 Granite St,Off Kamwala South Rd, Lusaka 10101, Zambia. [Mzilahowa, Themba] Malaria Alert Ctr, Blantyre, Malawi. [Chipwanya, John; Ali, Doreen] Minist Hlth, Natl Malaria Control Programme, Lilongwe, Malawi. [Troell, Peter; Gimnig, John] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Dodoli, Wilfred] WHO, Country Off, Lilongwe, Malawi. [Mnzava, Abraham P.] WHO, Global Malaria Programme, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. [Ameneshewa, Birkinesh] WHO, Reg Off Africa, Brazzaville, Congo. RP Chanda, E (reprint author), 11 Granite St,Off Kamwala South Rd, Lusaka 10101, Zambia. EM emmanuel_chanda@yahoo.co.uk FU World Health Organization [001] NR 15 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 6 U2 7 PU WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION PI GENEVA 27 PA MARKETING AND DISSEMINATION, CH-1211 GENEVA 27, SWITZERLAND SN 0042-9686 EI 1564-0604 J9 B WORLD HEALTH ORGAN JI Bull. World Health Organ. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 94 IS 6 BP 475 EP 480 DI 10.2471/BLT.15.154245 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DO9HT UT WOS:000378096800018 PM 27274600 ER PT J AU Cao, WP Liepkalns, JS Kamal, RP Reber, AJ Kim, JH Hofstetter, AR Amoah, S Stevens, J Ranjan, P Gangappa, S York, IA Sambhara, S AF Cao, Weiping Liepkalns, Justine S. Kamal, Ram P. Reber, Adrian J. Kim, Jin Hyang Hofstetter, Amelia R. Amoah, Samuel Stevens, James Ranjan, Priya Gangappa, Shivaprakash York, Ian A. Sambhara, Suryaprakash TI RIG-I ligand enhances the immunogenicity of recombinant H7HA protein SO CELLULAR IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE H7HA; RIG-I ligand; Cell-mediated immunity; Antibody responses; Protective immunity; Mouse model; Influenza ID INFLUENZA-VIRUS; PANDEMIC INFLUENZA; INNATE IMMUNITY; PHASE-I; VACCINE; H5N1; ACTIVATION; INFECTION AB Avian H7N9 influenza virus infection with fatal outcomes continues to pose a pandemic threat and highly immunogenic vaccines are urgently needed. In this report we show that baculovirus-derived recombinant H7 hemagglutinin protein, when delivered with RIG-I ligand, induced enhanced antibody and T cell responses and conferred protection against lethal challenge with a homologous H7N9 virus. These findings indicate the potential utility of RIG-I ligands as vaccine adjuvants to increase the immunogenicity of recombinant H7 hemagglutinin. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Cao, Weiping; Liepkalns, Justine S.; Kamal, Ram P.; Reber, Adrian J.; Kim, Jin Hyang; Hofstetter, Amelia R.; Amoah, Samuel; Ranjan, Priya; Gangappa, Shivaprakash; York, Ian A.; Sambhara, Suryaprakash] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Immunol & Pathogenesis Branch, Influenza Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA USA. [Kamal, Ram P.; Amoah, Samuel] Battelle Mem Inst, Atlanta, GA USA. [Hofstetter, Amelia R.] Emory Univ, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Stevens, James] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Virus Surveillance & Diag Branch, Influenza Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Cao, WP (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Immunol & Pathogenesis Branch, Influenza Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA USA. EM wcao@cdc.gov OI York, Ian/0000-0002-3478-3344; Hofstetter, Amelia/0000-0003-4113-5473 FU Influenza Division, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX We thank members of the Immunology and Pathogenesis Branch in the Influenza Division, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention for providing reagents and constructive comments for this study. Work was supported by the Influenza Division, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0008-8749 EI 1090-2163 J9 CELL IMMUNOL JI Cell. Immunol. PD JUN-JUL PY 2016 VL 304 BP 55 EP 58 DI 10.1016/j.cellimm.2016.04.004 PG 4 WC Cell Biology; Immunology SC Cell Biology; Immunology GA DP0OG UT WOS:000378188500008 PM 27106062 ER PT J AU Agnew-Heard, KA Lancaster, VA Bravo, R Watson, C Walters, MJ Holman, MR AF Agnew-Heard, Kimberly A. Lancaster, Vicki A. Bravo, Roberto Watson, Clifford Walters, Matthew J. Holman, Matthew R. TI Multivariate Statistical Analysis of Cigarette Design Feature Influence on ISO TNCO Yields SO CHEMICAL RESEARCH IN TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID MAINSTREAM SMOKE CHEMISTRY; CARBON-MONOXIDE YIELDS; MARKET; BRANDS; NICOTINE; TAR; VARIETIES; EXPOSURE; BLOCKING; SAMPLES AB The aim of this study is to explore how differences in cigarette physical design parameters influence tar, nicotine, and carbon monoxide (TNCO) yields in mainstream smoke (MSS) using the International Organization of Standardization (ISO) smoking regimen. Standardized smoking methods were used to evaluate 50 U.S. domestic brand cigarettes and a reference cigarette representing a range of TNCO yields in MSS collected from linear smoking machines using a nonintense smoking regimen. Multivariate statistical methods were used to form dusters of cigarettes based on their ISO TNCO yields and then to explore the relationship between the ISO generated TNCO-yields and the nine cigarette physical design parameters between and within each duster simultaneously. The ISO generated TNCO-yields in MSS are 1.1-17.0 mg tar/cigarette, 0.1-2.2 mg nicotine/cigarette, and 1.6-17.3 mg CO/cigarette. Cluster analysis divided the 51 cigarettes into five discrete dusters based on their ISO TNCO yields. No one physical parameter dominated across all clusters. Predicting ISO machine generated TNCO yields based on these nine physical design parameters is complex due to the correlation among and between the nine physical design parameters and TNCO-yields. From these analyses, it is estimated that approximately 20% of the variability in the ISO generated TNCO yields comes from other parameters (e.g., filter material, filter type, inclusion of expanded or reconstituted tobacco, and tobacco blend composition, along with differences in tobacco leaf origin and stalk positions and added ingredients). A future article will examine the influence of these physical design parameters on TNCO-yields under a Canadian Intense (CI) smoking regimen. Together, these papers will provide a more robust picture of the design features that contribute to TNCO exposure across the range of real world smoking patterns. C1 [Agnew-Heard, Kimberly A.; Lancaster, Vicki A.; Walters, Matthew J.; Holman, Matthew R.] US FDA, Ctr Tobacco Prod, 10903 New Hampshire Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20993 USA. [Bravo, Roberto; Watson, Clifford] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, 4770 Buford Highway NE, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Walters, MJ (reprint author), US FDA, Ctr Tobacco Prod, 10903 New Hampshire Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20993 USA. EM matthew.walters@fda.hhs.gov FU Center for Tobacco Products, U.S. Food and Drug Administration FX This research was funded by the Center for Tobacco Products, U.S. Food and Drug Administration. NR 42 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0893-228X EI 1520-5010 J9 CHEM RES TOXICOL JI Chem. Res. Toxicol. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 29 IS 6 BP 1051 EP 1063 DI 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.6b00096 PG 13 WC Chemistry, Medicinal; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Chemistry; Toxicology GA DP3CJ UT WOS:000378369700013 PM 27222918 ER PT J AU Williams, R Gregg, E AF Williams, Rhys Gregg, Edward TI Half a cheer for success in the fight against complications SO DIABETES RESEARCH AND CLINICAL PRACTICE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Williams, Rhys] Swansea Univ, Clin Epidemiol, Swansea, W Glam, Wales. [Gregg, Edward] Ctr Dis Control, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Div Diabet Translat, Epidemiol & Stat Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Williams, R (reprint author), Swansea Univ, Clin Epidemiol, Swansea, W Glam, Wales. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 0168-8227 EI 1872-8227 J9 DIABETES RES CLIN PR JI Diabetes Res. Clin. Pract. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 116 BP 306 EP 307 DI 10.1016/j.diabres.2016.05.002 PG 2 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA DO8ZF UT WOS:000378073400041 PM 27321349 ER PT J AU Hernandez, HUB Mendez, RM Beutelspacher, AN Solis, JDA Dosal, AT Portugal, CH AF Bernardino Hernandez, Hector Ulises Mariaca Mendez, Ramon Nazar Beutelspacher, Austreberta Alvarez Solis, Jose David Torres Dosal, Arturo Herrera Portugal, Crispin TI SOCIOECONOMIC AND TECHNOLOGICAL FACTORS IN THE USE OF AGROCHEMICALS IN THREE FARMING SYSTEMS IN THE CHIAPAS HIGHLANDS, MEXICO SO INTERCIENCIA LA Spanish DT Article AB In the Chiapas Highlands, Mexico, a transversal and comparative study of three production systems (maize, flowers and vegetables) Was carried out in order to describe the magnitude and characteristics of the agrochemicals used and to identify the socioeconomic and technological factors influencing the use of such products. To this end, 565 surveys were applied to make a detailed inquiry of sociodemographic information and describe their production systems. An intensive and inappropriate use of synthetic fertilizers and pesticides was identified in the three production systems. Generally, flower and vegetable producers used insecticides that fall in Toxicological Category (TC) I and II, and fungicides that correspond to TC IV. Maize producers frequently use herbicides TC II, III and IV and insecticides TC I. The factors that explain the use of pesticides are related to the production system, the agricultural area, the frequency and crop cycles per year, the diversity of problems and availability of funds. The monetary resources coming from governmental programs are used for the purchase of pesticides in the three systems. It is necessary that the different social actors involved in the rural sector develop comprehensive integral strategies of action to promote the conversion of these conventional systems into low-input systems ones, with the tendency agricultural practices are environmentally friendly. C1 [Bernardino Hernandez, Hector Ulises] UABJO, Oaxaca De Juarez, Mexico. [Bernardino Hernandez, Hector Ulises] El Colegio La Frontera Sur ECOSUR, Ciencias Recursos Nat & Desarrollo Rural, Lerma Campeche, Mexico. [Bernardino Hernandez, Hector Ulises] El Colegio La Frontera Sur ECOSUR, Ecol & Desarrollo Sustentable, Lerma Campeche, Mexico. [Bernardino Hernandez, Hector Ulises] Ave Univ S-N, Oaxaca 68120, Oax, Mexico. [Mariaca Mendez, Ramon] Colegio Super Agr Trop, Tabasco, Mexico. [Mariaca Mendez, Ramon] COLPOS, Ciencias Bot & Orientac Etnobot, Texcoco, Mexico. [Mariaca Mendez, Ramon] Univ Iberoamer, Antropol Social, Mexico City, DF, Mexico. [Mariaca Mendez, Ramon; Nazar Beutelspacher, Austreberta; Alvarez Solis, Jose David; Torres Dosal, Arturo] ECOSUR, Lerma Campeche, Mexico. [Nazar Beutelspacher, Austreberta] Univ Autonoma Chiapas UnaCh, Chiapas, Mexico. [Nazar Beutelspacher, Austreberta] UAM Xochimilco, Med Social, Mexico City, DF, Mexico. [Nazar Beutelspacher, Austreberta] Secretaria Salud, Epidemiol, Salud, Mexico. [Nazar Beutelspacher, Austreberta] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Nazar Beutelspacher, Austreberta] COLPOS, Estudios Desarrollo Rural, Montecillo, Mexico. [Alvarez Solis, Jose David] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Mexico City, DF, Mexico. [Alvarez Solis, Jose David] COLPOS, Ciencias Edafol, Montecillo, Mexico. [Alvarez Solis, Jose David] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Ciencias Biol, Mexico City, DF, Mexico. [Torres Dosal, Arturo] Univ Autonoma San Luis Potosi, Bioquim, San Luis Potosi, Mexico. [Torres Dosal, Arturo] Univ Autonoma San Luis Potosi, Ciencias Biomed Basicas, San Luis Potosi, Mexico. [Torres Dosal, Arturo] Univ Autonoma San Luis Potosi, Ciencias Ambientales, San Luis Potosi, Mexico. [Herrera Portugal, Crispin] Univ Veracruzana, Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico. [Herrera Portugal, Crispin] Inst Nacl Salud Publ, Salud Ambiental, Mexico City, DF, Mexico. [Herrera Portugal, Crispin] ECOSUR, Ecol & Desarrollo Sustentable, Lerma Campeche, Mexico. [Herrera Portugal, Crispin] UNACH, Chiapas, Mexico. RP Hernandez, HUB (reprint author), Ave Univ S-N, Oaxaca 68120, Oax, Mexico. EM hbernardino@yahoo.com; rmariaca@ecosur.mx; anazar@ecosur.mx; dalvarez@ecosur.mx; atorres@ecosur.mx; cportugal@prodigy.net.mx NR 39 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 8 U2 10 PU INTERCIENCIA PI CARACAS PA APARTADO 51842, CARACAS 1050A, VENEZUELA SN 0378-1844 J9 INTERCIENCIA JI Interciencia PD JUN PY 2016 VL 41 IS 6 BP 382 EP 392 PG 11 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA DO9JM UT WOS:000378102500003 ER PT J AU Robinson, CL AF Robinson, C. L. CA ACIP ACIP Child Adolescent Immunization TI Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices Recommended Immunization Schedules for Persons Aged 0 Through 18 Years - United States, 2016 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TRANSPLANTATION LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Robinson, C. L.; ACIP; ACIP Child Adolescent Immunization] CDC, Immunizat Serv Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Robinson, CL (reprint author), CDC, Immunizat Serv Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM crobinson4@cdc.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1600-6135 EI 1600-6143 J9 AM J TRANSPLANT JI Am. J. Transplant. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 16 IS 6 BP 1928 EP 1929 DI 10.1111/atj.13858 PG 2 WC Surgery; Transplantation SC Surgery; Transplantation GA DO2EO UT WOS:000377592900033 PM 27197897 ER PT J AU Kim, DK Bridges, CB Harriman, KH AF Kim, D. K. Bridges, C. B. Harriman, K. H. CA ACIP ACIP Adult Immunization Work Grp TI Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices Recommended Immunization Schedule for Adults Aged 19 Years or Older - United States, 2016 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TRANSPLANTATION LA English DT Editorial Material ID B MENINGOCOCCAL VACCINES; PRACTICES ACIP C1 [Kim, D. K.; Bridges, C. B.] CDC, Immunizat Serv Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Harriman, K. H.] Calif Dept Publ Hlth, Richmond, CA USA. RP Kim, DK (reprint author), CDC, Immunizat Serv Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM dkim@cdc.gov NR 8 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1600-6135 EI 1600-6143 J9 AM J TRANSPLANT JI Am. J. Transplant. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 16 IS 6 BP 1930 EP 1932 DI 10.1111/atj.13877 PG 3 WC Surgery; Transplantation SC Surgery; Transplantation GA DO2EO UT WOS:000377592900034 PM 27197898 ER PT J AU Aiello, AE Simanek, AM Eisenberg, MC Walsh, AR Davis, B Volz, E Cheng, C Rainey, JJ Uzicanin, A Gao, HG Osgood, N Knowles, D Stanley, K Tarter, K Monto, AS AF Aiello, Allison E. Simanek, Amanda M. Eisenberg, Marisa C. Walsh, Alison R. Davis, Brian Volz, Erik Cheng, Caroline Rainey, Jeanette J. Uzicanin, Amra Gao, Hongjiang Osgood, Nathaniel Knowles, Dylan Stanley, Kevin Tarter, Kara Monto, Arnold S. TI Design and methods of a social network isolation study for reducing respiratory infection transmission: The eX-FLU cluster randomized trial SO EPIDEMICS LA English DT Article DE Social network; Influenza; Respiratory infection; Social distancing; Isolation ID SEXUALLY-TRANSMITTED-DISEASES; PANDEMIC INFLUENZA; MIXING PATTERNS; STREPTOCOCCUS-PNEUMONIAE; HAEMOPHILUS-INFLUENZAE; COMMUNITY STRUCTURE; CONTACT PATTERNS; YOUNG-ADULTS; HAND HYGIENE; DAY-CARE AB Background: Social networks are increasingly recognized as important points of intervention, yet relatively few intervention studies of respiratory infection transmission have utilized a network design. Here we describe the design, methods, and social network structure of a randomized intervention for isolating respiratory infection cases in a university setting over a 10-week period. Methodology/principal findings: 590 students in six residence halls enrolled in the eX-FLU study during a chain-referral recruitment process from September 2012-January 2013. Of these, 262 joined as "seed" participants, who nominated their social contacts to join the study, of which 328 "nominees" enrolled. Participants were cluster -randomized by 117 residence halls. Participants were asked to respond to weekly surveys on health behaviors, social interactions, and influenza-like illness (ILI) symptoms. Participants were randomized to either a 3-Day dorm room isolation intervention or a control group (no isolation) upon illness onset. ILI cases reported on their isolation behavior during illness and provided throat and nasal swab specimens at onset, day-three, and day-six of illness. A subsample of individuals (N=103) participated in a sub-study using a novel smartphone application, iEpi, which collected sensor and contextually-dependent survey data on social interactions. Within the social network, participants were significantly positively assortative by intervention group, enrollment type, residence hall, iEpi participation, age, gender, race, and alcohol use (all P<0.002). Conclusions/significance: We identified a feasible study design for testing the impact of isolation from social networks in a university setting. These data provide an unparalleled opportunity to address questions about isolation and infection transmission, as well as insights into social networks and behaviors among college-aged students. Several important lessons were learned over the course of this project, including feasible isolation durations, the need for extensive organizational efforts, as well as the need for specialized programmers and server space for managing survey and smartphone data. (C) 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Aiello, Allison E.] Univ N Carolina, Gillings Sch Global Publ Hlth, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Simanek, Amanda M.] Univ Wisconsin, Joseph J Zilber Sch Publ Hlth, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA. [Eisenberg, Marisa C.; Walsh, Alison R.; Davis, Brian; Cheng, Caroline; Tarter, Kara; Monto, Arnold S.] Univ Michigan, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Volz, Erik] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, London, England. [Rainey, Jeanette J.; Uzicanin, Amra; Gao, Hongjiang] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Osgood, Nathaniel; Knowles, Dylan; Stanley, Kevin] Univ Saskatchewan, Dept Comp Sci, Saskatoon, SK S7N 0W0, Canada. [Simanek, Amanda M.] Univ Michigan, Sch Publ Hlth, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. RP Aiello, AE (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Gillings Sch Global Publ Hlth, Chapel Hill, NC USA. EM aaiello@email.unc.edu RI Osgood, Nathaniel/L-1805-2016; Emchi, Karma/Q-1952-2016 FU Pfizer; [U01CK000185] FX We thank Erin Rees-Clayton, Karrin Reinheimer, Suzanne Ohmit, Shu Chen, Sandhya Kajeepeta, Charitha Gowda, Mychal Riley, Qi Yang, Christopher Henry, Rachael Lazar, Meredith Nichols, University Housing, Student Recruiters and participants for their help with this study. We acknowledge CDC support to AEA and ASM (U01CK000185), which supported AEA, MCE, ARW, BD, EV, CC, JJR, KT, and ASM. We thank our CDC representatives, for their helpful insights on study design and critiques of the manuscript drafts. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the CDC. The CDC had a role in the design and conduct of the study and interpretation of data; they did not have a role in the collection, management, write-up or analyses of the data. We are thankful for the logistical assistance provided by University Housing. The illness kits used in this study included surplus hand sanitizer that was donated by Warner Lambert, a subsidiary of Pfizer to the PIs for a CDC funded study related to hand hygiene in residence halls in 2006-2007. NR 70 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 14 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1755-4365 J9 EPIDEMICS-NETH JI Epidemics PD JUN PY 2016 VL 15 BP 38 EP 55 DI 10.1016/j.epidem.2016.01.001 PG 18 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA DO6CK UT WOS:000377870200005 PM 27266848 ER PT J AU Miller, KS Winskell, K Berrier, FL AF Miller, Kim S. Winskell, Kate Berrier, Faith L. TI Responding to changes in HIV policy: Updating and enhancing the Families Matter! curriculum SO HEALTH EDUCATION JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Child sexual abuse; gender-based violence; parenting; policy; preadolescence ID GENDER-BASED VIOLENCE; PREVENTION; AFRICA; INTERVENTION; ADOLESCENT; EFFICACY; PEPFAR; KENYA AB Objectives: The past decade has seen changes in US HIV policy in sub-Saharan Africa in response to a new Administration and far-reaching technical, scientific and programmatic developments. These include dramatically increased access to life-saving anti-retroviral therapy (ART) and related services, the roll-out of voluntary medical male circumcision and growing sensitivity to gender-based violence, including child sexual abuse, and to its role in increasing vulnerability to HIV. The Families Matter! Program (FMP) is an intervention for parents and caregivers of 9- to 12-year-olds that promotes effective parent-child communication about sexuality and sexual risk reduction. FMP was adapted from a US evidence-based intervention in 2003-2004 and is now implemented in eight African countries. In 2012-2013, the FMP curriculum was updated and enhanced to respond to new US Government priorities. Methods: Enhancements to the curriculum drew on the results of Violence Against Children surveys, on a review of existing literature, on feedback from the field on the existing curriculum and on stories written by young people across Africa for scriptwriting competitions. Results: We updated FMP with scientific content and stronger linkages to services. We also intensified our focus on structural determinants of risk. This contextualisation of sexual risk-taking within structural constraints led us to place greater emphasis on gendered vulnerability and the diverse pressures children face and to intensify our situation-based pedagogical approach, drawing on the authentic youth-authored narratives. Conclusion: We describe these changes as an illustration of and source of insight into much-needed programmatic adaptation in response to evolving HIV policy. C1 [Miller, Kim S.; Berrier, Faith L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global HIV AIDS, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop E04, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Winskell, Kate] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. RP Berrier, FL (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global HIV AIDS, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop E04, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM FBerrier@cdc.gov FU US President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief through the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX The author(s) disclosed receipt of the following financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article: This research was supported by the US President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief through the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 26 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD PI LONDON PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND SN 0017-8969 EI 1748-8176 J9 HEALTH EDUC J JI Health Educ. J. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 75 IS 4 BP 409 EP 420 DI 10.1177/0017896915595530 PG 12 WC Education & Educational Research; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Education & Educational Research; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DO2UZ UT WOS:000377636900003 ER PT J AU Ruone, S Paxton, L McLaurin, T Taylor, A Hanson, D Heneine, W Brooks, JT Garcia-Lerma, JG AF Ruone, Susan Paxton, Lynn McLaurin, Tony Taylor, Allan Hanson, Debra Heneine, Walid Brooks, John T. Garcia-Lerma, Jose Gerardo TI HIV-1 Evolution in Breakthrough Infections in a Human Trial of Oral Pre-exposure Prophylaxis With Emtricitabine and Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate SO JAIDS-JOURNAL OF ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES LA English DT Article DE single genome amplification; pre-exposure prophylaxis; Truvada ID DIVERSIFICATION; SEROCONVERSION; TRANSMISSION; PATTERNS AB We describe HIV-1 evolutionary dynamics in the 4 participants from the TDF2-PrEP trial who became HIV-1 infected while prescribed emtricitabine and tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (FTC/TDF). At seroconversion, virus diversity in the 2 participants with detectable drug was only 0.05% (95% confidence intervals: 0.04 to 0.06) and 0.07% (0.06 to 0.08) compared with 2.25% (1.95 to 2.6) and 0.42% (0.36 to 0.49) in those with no detectable drug and 0.07%-0.69% in 5 placebo recipients (P > 0.5). At 10 months, diversity in adherent participants was only 0.37% (0.31 to 0.41) and 0.86% (0.82 to 0.90) compared with 0.5%-1.7% among participants who did not take FTC/TDF (P. 0.5). Although limited by the small number of infections that reduced the power to detect differences, we found that sequences from seroconverters with detectable drug were more homogeneous than those from placebo or nonadherent seroconverters. C1 [Ruone, Susan; McLaurin, Tony; Heneine, Walid; Garcia-Lerma, Jose Gerardo] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Branch Lab, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV Hepatitis STD & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Paxton, Lynn; Taylor, Allan; Hanson, Debra; Brooks, John T.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidemiol Branch, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV Hepatitis STD & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Garcia-Lerma, JG (reprint author), Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Branch Lab, MS G45,1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM GGarcia-Lerma@cdc.gov FU CDC FX Supported by CDC intramural funds. NR 15 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 4 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 1525-4135 EI 1077-9450 J9 JAIDS-J ACQ IMM DEF JI JAIDS PD JUN 1 PY 2016 VL 72 IS 2 BP 129 EP 132 PG 4 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA DO8UI UT WOS:000378059300012 PM 26689970 ER PT J AU Siddiqi, AEA Hall, HI Hu, XH Song, RG AF Siddiqi, Azfar-e-Alam Hall, H. Irene Hu, Xiaohong Song, Ruiguang TI Population-Based Estimates of Life Expectancy After HIV Diagnosis: United States 2008-2011 SO JAIDS-JOURNAL OF ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES LA English DT Article DE life expectancy; HIV; population-based ID ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; SOCIAL DETERMINANTS; SURVEILLANCE DATA; SOCIOECONOMIC-STATUS; VIRAL-HEPATITIS; DRUG-USERS; HEALTH; COHORT; INDIVIDUALS; MORTALITY AB Introduction: Using National HIV surveillance system data, we estimated life expectancy and average years of life lost (AYLL) among persons diagnosed with HIV infection during 2008-2011. Methods: Population-based surveillance data, restricted to persons with diagnosed HIV infection aged 13 years or older, from all 50 states and Washington, D.C. were used to estimate life expectancy after HIV diagnosis using the life table method. Generated estimates were compared with life expectancy in the general population in the same calendar year to calculate AYLL. Life expectancy and AYLL were also estimated for subgroups by age, sex, and race/ethnicity. Results: The overall life expectancy after HIV diagnosis in the United States increased by 3.43 years from 25.43 (95% CI: 25.37 to 25.49) in 2008 to 28.86 (95% CI: 28.80 to 28.92) in 2011. Improvements were observed irrespective of sex, race/ethnicity, transmission category, and stage of disease at diagnosis, though the extent of improvement varied by different characteristics. Based on the life expectancy in the general population, in 2010, the AYLL were 12.8 years for males and 16.5 years for females. By race/ethnicity, on average, blacks (13.3 years) and whites (13.4 years) had fewer AYLL than Hispanics/Latinos (14.7). Conclusions: Despite improvements in life expectancy among people diagnosed with an HIV infection during 2008-2011, disparities by sex and by race/ethnicity persist. Targeted efforts should continue to further reduce disparities and improve life expectancy after HIV diagnosis. C1 [Siddiqi, Azfar-e-Alam; Hall, H. Irene; Hu, Xiaohong] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, HIV Incidence & Case Surveillance Branch, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA USA. [Song, Ruiguang] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Quantitat Sci & Data Management Branch, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Siddiqi, AEA (reprint author), 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop E-47, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM Asiddiqi@cdc.gov FU US Government FX Supported by the US Government. NR 39 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 1525-4135 EI 1077-9450 J9 JAIDS-J ACQ IMM DEF JI JAIDS PD JUN 1 PY 2016 VL 72 IS 2 BP 230 EP 236 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA DO8UI UT WOS:000378059300025 PM 26890283 ER PT J AU Hall, HI Tang, T Johnson, AS Espinoza, L Harris, N McCray, E AF Hall, H. Irene Tang, Tian Johnson, Anna S. Espinoza, Lorena Harris, Norma McCray, Eugene TI Timing of Linkage to Care After HIV Diagnosis and Time to Viral Suppression SO JAIDS-JOURNAL OF ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES LA English DT Letter ID ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; INITIATION C1 [Hall, H. Irene; Johnson, Anna S.; Espinoza, Lorena; Harris, Norma; McCray, Eugene] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Tang, Tian] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Hall, HI (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 11 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 1525-4135 EI 1077-9450 J9 JAIDS-J ACQ IMM DEF JI JAIDS PD JUN 1 PY 2016 VL 72 IS 2 BP E57 EP E60 PG 5 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA DO8UI UT WOS:000378059300010 PM 26977745 ER PT J AU Kiragga, AN Nalintya, E Morawski, BM Kigozi, J Park, BJ Kaplan, JE Boulware, DR Meya, DB Manabe, YC AF Kiragga, Agnes N. Nalintya, Elizabeth Morawski, Bozena M. Kigozi, Joanita Park, Benjamin J. Kaplan, Jonathan E. Boulware, David R. Meya, David B. Manabe, Yukari C. TI Impact of Nurse-Targeted Care on HIV Outcomes Among Immunocompromised Persons: A Before-After Study in Uganda SO JAIDS-JOURNAL OF ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES LA English DT Article DE retention in care; HIV; AIDS; immune-suppression; implementation science ID ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY INITIATION; SAMPLING-BASED APPROACH; SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA; FOLLOW-UP; INFECTED PATIENTS; PATIENTS LOST; SOUTH-AFRICA; MORTALITY; RETENTION; LINKAGE AB Introduction: Improving HIV outcomes among severely immunocompromised HIV-infected persons who have increased morbidity and mortality remains an important issue in sub-Saharan Africa. We sought to evaluate the impact of targeted clinic-based nurse care on antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation and retention among severely immunocompromised HIV-infected persons. Methods: The study included ART-naive patients with CD4 counts,100 cells per microliter registered in seven urban clinics in Kampala, Uganda. Data were retrospectively collected on patients enrolled from July to December 2011 (routine care cohort). Between July 2012 and September 2013, 1 additional nurse per clinic was hired (nurse counselor cohort) to identify new patients, expedite ART initiation, and trace those who were lost to follow-up. We compared time to ART initiation and 6-month retention in care between cohorts and used a generalized linear model to estimate the relative risk of retention. Results: The study included 258 patients in the routine care cohort and 593 in the nurse counselor cohort. The proportion of patients who initiated ART increased from 190 (73.6%) in the routine care cohort to 506 (85.3%) in the nurse counselor cohort (P < 0.001). At 6 months, 62% of the routine care cohort were retained in care versus 76% in the nurse counselor cohort (P = 0.001). A 21% increase in the likelihood of retention in the nurse counselor cohort (relative risk: 1.21, 95% CI: 1.09 to 1.34) compared with the routine care cohort was observed. Conclusions: Implementation of targeted nurse-led care of severely immunocompromised HIV-infected patients in public outpatient health care facilities resulted in decreased time to ART initiation and increased retention. C1 [Kiragga, Agnes N.; Nalintya, Elizabeth; Kigozi, Joanita; Meya, David B.] Makerere Univ, Coll Hlth Sci, Infect Dis Inst, Res Dept, POB 22418, Kampala, Uganda. [Morawski, Bozena M.; Boulware, David R.; Meya, David B.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis & Int Med, Box 736 UMHC, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Park, Benjamin J.; Kaplan, Jonathan E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global HIV AIDS DGHA, CGH, Atlanta, GA USA. [Meya, David B.] Makerere Univ, Coll Hlth Sci, Sch Med, Dept Med, Kampala, Uganda. [Manabe, Yukari C.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. RP Kiragga, AN (reprint author), Makerere Univ, Coll Hlth Sci, Infect Dis Inst, Res Dept, POB 22418, Kampala, Uganda. EM akiragga@idi.co.ug FU President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) through the United States Department of State, Office of the Global AIDS Coordinator; U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [U01GH000517]; National Institutes of Health [U01AI089244, R01NS086312] FX Supported by the President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) through the United States Department of State, Office of the Global AIDS Coordinator, and the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U01GH000517). BMM and DRB are supported by the National Institutes of Health (U01AI089244, R01NS086312). NR 31 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 1525-4135 EI 1077-9450 J9 JAIDS-J ACQ IMM DEF JI JAIDS PD JUN 1 PY 2016 VL 72 IS 2 BP E32 EP E36 PG 5 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA DO8UI UT WOS:000378059300002 PM 27003494 ER PT J AU Vallabhaneni, S Longley, N Smith, M Smith, R Osler, M Kelly, N Cross, A Boulle, A Meintjes, G Govender, NP AF Vallabhaneni, Snigdha Longley, Nicky Smith, Mariette Smith, Rachel Osler, Meg Kelly, Nicola Cross, Anna Boulle, Andrew Meintjes, Graeme Govender, Nelesh P. TI Evaluation of a Public-Sector, Provider-Initiated Cryptococcal Antigen Screening and Treatment Program, Western Cape, South Africa SO JAIDS-JOURNAL OF ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES LA English DT Article DE South Africa; cryptococcal meningitis; cryptococcal antigen; CrAg; screening; fluconazole prophylaxis; prevention ID ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; MENINGITIS; MORTALITY; INFECTION; PEOPLE; COHORT AB Background: Screening for serum cryptococcal antigen (CrAg) may identify those at risk for disseminated cryptococcal disease (DCD), and preemptive fluconazole treatment may prevent progression to DCD. In August 2012, the Western Cape Province (WC), South Africa, adopted provider-initiated CrAg screening. We evaluated the implementation and effectiveness of this large-scale public-sector program during its first year, September 1, 2012-August 31, 2013. Methods: We used data from the South African National Health Laboratory Service, WC provincial HIV program, and nationwide surveillance data for DCD. We assessed the proportion of eligible patients screened for CrAg (CrAg test done within 30 days of CD4 date) and the prevalence of CrAg positivity. Incidence of DCD among those screened was compared with those not screened. Results: Of 4395 eligible patients, 26.6% (n = 1170) were screened. The proportion of patients screened increased from 15.9% in September 2012 to 36.6% in August 2013. The prevalence of positive serum CrAg was 2.1%. Treatment data were available for 13 of 24 CrAg-positive patients; 9 of 13 were treated with fluconazole. Nine (0.8%) incident cases of DCD occurred among the 1170 patients who were screened for CrAg vs. 49 (1.5%) incident cases among the 3225 patients not screened (P = 0.07). Conclusions: Relatively few eligible patients were screened under the WC provider-initiated CrAg screening program. Unscreened patients were nearly twice as likely to develop DCD. CrAg screening can reduce the burden of DCD, but needs to be implemented well. To improve screening rates, countries should consider laboratory-based reflexive screening when possible. C1 [Vallabhaneni, Snigdha] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA USA. [Vallabhaneni, Snigdha; Smith, Rachel] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Mycot Dis Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Longley, Nicky] Univ London, Inst Infect & Immun, London, England. [Longley, Nicky; Kelly, Nicola; Cross, Anna] Univ Cape Town, Desmond Tutu HIV AIDS Fdn, ZA-7925 Cape Town, South Africa. [Longley, Nicky; Kelly, Nicola; Cross, Anna] Univ Cape Town, Inst Infect Dis & Mol Med, ZA-7925 Cape Town, South Africa. [Smith, Mariette; Osler, Meg; Boulle, Andrew] Univ Cape Town, Sch Publ Hlth & Family Med, Ctr Infect Dis Epidemiol & Res, ZA-7925 Cape Town, South Africa. [Boulle, Andrew] Prov Govt Western Cape, Dept Hlth, Cape Town, South Africa. [Boulle, Andrew; Meintjes, Graeme] Univ Cape Town, Dept Med, Inst Infect Dis & Mol Med, ZA-7925 Cape Town, South Africa. [Govender, Nelesh P.] Ctr Opportunist Trop & Hosp Infect, Natl Inst Communicable Dis, Johannesburg, South Africa. [Govender, Nelesh P.] Univ Cape Town, Fac Hlth Sci, Sch Pathol, Div Med Microbiol, ZA-7925 Cape Town, South Africa. RP Govender, NP (reprint author), Ctr Opportunist Trop & Hosp Infect, Natl Inst Communicable Dis, Private Bag X4, ZA-2132 Johannesburg, South Africa. EM neleshg@nicd.ac.za FU Wellcome Trust, London, United Kingdom; Wellcome Trust [098316]; South African Medical Research Council; South African Research Chairs Initiative of the Department of Science and Technology; National Research Foundation of South Africa [64787]; MSD Pty (Ltd.), South Africa; Pfizer South Africa FX N.L. was funded by the Wellcome Trust, London, United Kingdom, G.M. is supported by the Wellcome Trust (098316), the South African Medical Research Council and the South African Research Chairs Initiative of the Department of Science and Technology, and National Research Foundation of South Africa (Grant No 64787). The funders had no role in the study design, data collection, data analysis, data interpretation, or writing of this report. The opinions, findings, and conclusions expressed in this manuscript reflect those of the authors alone.; N.P.G. has received honoraria from MSD Pty (Ltd.), South Africa, Astellas and Pfizer for speaking engagements, travel grants from MSD Pty (Ltd.), South Africa, and an investigator-initiated research grant from Pfizer South Africa for an unrelated surveillance project. The remaining authors have no conflicts of interest to disclose. NR 18 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 1525-4135 EI 1077-9450 J9 JAIDS-J ACQ IMM DEF JI JAIDS PD JUN 1 PY 2016 VL 72 IS 2 BP E37 EP E42 PG 6 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA DO8UI UT WOS:000378059300003 PM 26926942 ER PT J AU Safar, J Foutz, A Appleby, B Cohen, M Xiao, JX Hamlin, C Cohen, Y Chen, W Blevins, J Gambetti, P Hughson, A Schonberger, L Caughey, B AF Safar, Jiri Foutz, Aaron Appleby, Brian Cohen, Mark Xiao, Jianxin Hamlin, Clive Cohen, Yvonne Chen, Wei Blevins, Janis Gambetti, Pierluigi Hughson, Andrew Schonberger, Lawrence Caughey, Byron TI New Ultrasensitive Tests for Diagnosis and Differentiation of Human Prion Diseases SO JOURNAL OF NEUROPATHOLOGY AND EXPERIMENTAL NEUROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 92nd Annual Meeting of the American-Association-of-Neuropathologist-Inc CY JUN 16-19, 2016 CL Baltimore, MD SP Amer Assoc Neuropathologist Inc C1 [Safar, Jiri; Foutz, Aaron; Appleby, Brian; Cohen, Mark; Xiao, Jianxin; Hamlin, Clive; Cohen, Yvonne; Chen, Wei; Blevins, Janis; Gambetti, Pierluigi] Case Western Reserve Univ, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. [Hughson, Andrew; Caughey, Byron] NIH, Rocky Mt Labs, Hamilton, MT USA. [Schonberger, Lawrence] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 0022-3069 J9 J NEUROPATH EXP NEUR JI J. Neuropathol. Exp. Neurol. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 75 IS 6 MA 99 BP 594 EP 594 PG 1 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences; Pathology SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Pathology GA DO3FC UT WOS:000377665000108 ER PT J AU Walsh, M Lockhart, S Yachnis, A AF Walsh, Meggen Lockhart, Shawn Yachnis, Anthony TI Cryptococcoma (C. gattii) mimicking cerebellar neoplasia in a patient from Florida SO JOURNAL OF NEUROPATHOLOGY AND EXPERIMENTAL NEUROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 92nd Annual Meeting of the American-Association-of-Neuropathologist-Inc CY JUN 16-19, 2016 CL Baltimore, MD SP Amer Assoc Neuropathologist Inc C1 [Walsh, Meggen; Yachnis, Anthony] Univ Florida, Coll Med, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Lockhart, Shawn] Ctr Dis Control, Mycot Dis Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 0022-3069 J9 J NEUROPATH EXP NEUR JI J. Neuropathol. Exp. Neurol. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 75 IS 6 MA 176 BP 615 EP 616 PG 2 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences; Pathology SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Pathology GA DO3FC UT WOS:000377665000185 ER PT J AU Charles, LE Fekedulegn, D Burchfiel, CM Hartley, TA Andrew, ME Violanti, JM Miller, DB AF Charles, Luenda E. Fekedulegn, Desta Burchfiel, Cecil M. Hartley, Tara A. Andrew, Michael E. Violanti, John M. Miller, Diane B. TI Shiftwork and Diurnal Salivary Cortisol Patterns Among Police Officers SO JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID CIRCADIAN-RHYTHM; BREAST-CANCER; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; SERUM CORTISOL; STRESS; WORK; PREDICTOR; WOMEN; CALCIFICATION; SCHEDULES AB Objective: To investigate associations between shiftwork and diurnal salivary cortisol among 319 police officers (77.7% men). Methods: Information on shiftwork was obtained from the City of Buffalo, NY electronic payroll records. Saliva was collected using Salivettes at seven time points and analyzed for free cortisol concentrations (nmol/L) using a chemiluminescence immunoassay. Mean slopes and areas under the curve were compared across shift schedule using analysis of variance (ANOVA)/analysis of covariance (ANCOVA). Results: Officers working primarily on the night shift had a significantly shallower slope. Mean slope (nmol/L/minutes) of the cortisol curve varied significantly across shifts (day: -0.00332 +/- 0.00017, afternoon: -0.00313 +/- 0.00018, night: -0.00257 +/- 0.0002); adjusted P = 0.023. Conclusions: Our results suggest that night shiftwork is a workplace factor that may alter the response of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis to the circadian cues responsible for the pattern of the diurnal cortisol curve. C1 [Charles, Luenda E.; Fekedulegn, Desta; Burchfiel, Cecil M.; Hartley, Tara A.; Andrew, Michael E.] SUNY Buffalo, Sch Publ Hlth & Hlth Profess, Biostat & Epidemiol Branch, Buffalo, NY USA. [Violanti, John M.] SUNY Buffalo, Sch Publ Hlth & Hlth Profess, Dept Epidemiol & Environm Hlth, Buffalo, NY USA. [Miller, Diane B.] NIOSH, Toxicol & Mol Biol Branch, Hlth Effects Lab Div, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Morgantown, WV USA. RP Charles, LE (reprint author), NIOSH, US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, HELD BEB, MS L-4050,1095 Willowdale Rd, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. EM lcharles@cdc.gov FU National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) [200-2003-01580] FX This work was supported by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), contract no. 200-2003-01580. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. NR 46 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 4 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 1076-2752 EI 1536-5948 J9 J OCCUP ENVIRON MED JI J. Occup. Environ. Med. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 58 IS 6 BP 542 EP 549 DI 10.1097/JOM.0000000000000729 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DO5GQ UT WOS:000377812000009 PM 27129020 ER PT J AU Burkhalter, KL Biggerstaff, BJ Horiuchi, K Savage, HM AF Burkhalter, Kristen L. Biggerstaff, Brad J. Horiuchi, Kalanthe Savage, Harry M. TI A SIMPLE MODIFICATION TO THE MOSQUITO HOMOGENIZATION PROTOCOL SAFELY INACTIVATES WEST NILE VIRUS AND ALLOWS VIRUS DETECTION BY THE RAPID ANALYTE MEASUREMENT PLATFORM (RAMP (R)) ASSAY SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MOSQUITO CONTROL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article DE Mosquito; RAMP (R) test; Triton X-100; virus inactivation; West Nile virus ID ARBOVIRUS INFECTIONS; PLASMA AB We evaluated the ability of the Rapid Analyte Measurement Platform (RAMP (R)) mosquito-grinding buffer to inactivate West Nile virus (WNV) by subjecting WNV-positive samples ground in RAMP buffer to incubation intervals ranging from 5 min to 60 min. At each time point an aliquot was removed and serially diluted in bovine albumin (BA)-1 cell culture media to stop the inactivation process by RAMP buffer. Each BA-1 sample was tested for viable virus using Vero 6-well cell culture plaque assay and observed for plaques. We observed very limited inactivation of WNV (1-2 log(10) plaque-forming units/ml) by RAMP buffer. Concerned for RAMP operators who may be using this assay in low-level biocontainment facilities, we developed an alternate sample homogenization protocol using Triton X-100 detergent that ensures complete WNV inactivation without compromising the performance of the RAMP assay. C1 [Burkhalter, Kristen L.; Biggerstaff, Brad J.; Horiuchi, Kalanthe; Savage, Harry M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Dis, 3156 Rampart Rd, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. RP Burkhalter, KL (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Dis, 3156 Rampart Rd, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER MOSQUITO CONTROL ASSOC PI MOUNT LAUREL PA 15000 COMMERCE PARKWAY, SUITE C, MOUNT LAUREL, NJ 08054 USA SN 8756-971X EI 1943-6270 J9 J AM MOSQUITO CONTR JI J. Am. Mosq. Control Assoc. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 32 IS 2 BP 77 EP 82 PG 6 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA DO3YD UT WOS:000377717700001 PM 27280345 ER PT J AU Ma, JW Feng, YY Hu, Y Villegas, EN Xiao, LH AF Ma, Jiawen Feng, Yaoyu Hu, Yue Villegas, Eric N. Xiao, Lihua TI Human infective potential of Cryptosporidium spp., Giardia duodenalis and Enterocytozoon bieneusi in urban wastewater treatment plant effluents SO JOURNAL OF WATER AND HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Cryptosporidium; Enterocytozoon bieneusi; genotype; Giardia; wastewater; WWTP effluent ID CHLORINE DIOXIDE; HEALTH-RISK; MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY; SURFACE-WATER; OOCYSTS; IDENTIFICATION; MICROSPORIDIA; PARVUM; GENOTYPES; ANIMALS AB Cryptosporidiosis, giardiasis, and microsporidiosis are important waterborne diseases. In the standard for wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) effluents in China and other countries, the fecal coliform count is the only microbial indicator, raising concerns about the potential for pathogen transmission through WWTP effluent reuse. In this study, we collected 50 effluent samples (30 L/sample) from three municipal WWTPs in Shanghai, China, and analyzed for Cryptosporidium spp., Giardia duodenalis and Enterocytozoon bieneusi by microscopy and/or polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Moreover, propidium monoazide (PMA)-PCR was used to assess the viability of oocysts/cysts. The microscopy and PCR-positive rates for Cryptosporidium spp. were 62% and 40%, respectively. The occurrence rates of G. duodenalis were 96% by microscopy and 92-100% by PCR analysis of three genetic loci. Furthermore, E. bieneusi was detected in 70% (35/50) of samples by PCR. Altogether, 10 Cryptosporidium species or genotypes, two G. duodenalis genotypes, and 11 E. bieneusi genotypes were found, most of which were human-pathogenic. The chlorine dioxide disinfection employed in WWTP1 and WWTP3 failed to inactivate the residual pathogens; 93% of the samples from WWTP1 and 83% from WWTP3 did not meet the national standard on fecal coliform levels. Thus, urban WWTP effluents often contain residual waterborne human pathogens. C1 [Ma, Jiawen; Feng, Yaoyu; Hu, Yue] E China Univ Sci & Technol, Sch Resources & Environm Engn, State Key Lab Bioreactor Engn, Shanghai 200237, Peoples R China. [Villegas, Eric N.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Xiao, Lihua] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. RP Feng, YY (reprint author), E China Univ Sci & Technol, Sch Resources & Environm Engn, State Key Lab Bioreactor Engn, Shanghai 200237, Peoples R China. EM yyfeng@ecust.edu.cn RI Feng, Yaoyu/B-3076-2014; Xiao, Lihua/B-1704-2013 OI Xiao, Lihua/0000-0001-8532-2727 FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [31425025, 31229005]; Water Special Project of the Ministry of Science and Technology, China [2014ZX07104006]; Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities, China FX This work was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (31425025 and 31229005), Water Special Project of the Ministry of Science and Technology, China (2014ZX07104006), and Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities, China. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention or the US Environmental Protection Agency. The work has been subjected to Agency review and approved for publication. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 58 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 7 U2 13 PU IWA PUBLISHING PI LONDON PA ALLIANCE HOUSE, 12 CAXTON ST, LONDON SW1H0QS, ENGLAND SN 1477-8920 J9 J WATER HEALTH JI J. Water Health PD JUN PY 2016 VL 14 IS 3 BP 411 EP 423 DI 10.2166/wh.2016.192 PG 13 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Microbiology; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Microbiology; Water Resources GA DO5HH UT WOS:000377813700005 PM 27280607 ER PT J AU Greene, LK Wallen, TW Moresco, A Goodwin, TE Drea, CM AF Greene, Lydia K. Wallen, Timothy W. Moresco, Anneke Goodwin, Thomas E. Drea, Christine M. TI Reproductive endocrine patterns and volatile urinary compounds of Arctictis binturong: discovering why bearcats smell like popcorn SO SCIENCE OF NATURE LA English DT Article DE Female dominance; Olfactory communication; Urinary signals; Reproductive endocrinology; 2-Acetyl-1-pyrroline; Viverrid ID VULPES-VULPES L; SCENT-MARKING; OLFACTORY COMMUNICATION; BACILLUS-CEREUS; CROCUTA-CROCUTA; CANIS-LUPUS; COOKED RICE; LEMUR-CATTA; RED FOX; BEHAVIOR AB Members of the order Carnivora rely on urinary scent signaling, particularly for communicating about reproductive parameters. Here, we describe reproductive endocrine patterns in relation to urinary olfactory cues in a vulnerable and relatively unknown viverrid-the binturong (Arctictis binturong). Female binturongs are larger than and dominate males, and both sexes engage in glandular and urinary scent marking. Using a large (n= 33), captive population, we collected serum samples to measure circulating sex steroids via enzyme immunoassay and urine samples to assay volatile chemicals via gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Male binturongs had expectedly greater androgen concentrations than did females but, more unusually, had equal estrogen concentrations, which may be linked to male deference. Males also expressed a significantly richer array of volatile chemical compounds than did females. A subset of these volatile chemicals resisted decay at ambient temperatures, potentially indicating their importance as long-lasting semiochemicals. Among these compounds was 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline (2-AP), which is typically produced at high temperatures by the Maillard reaction and is likely to be responsible for the binturong's characteristic popcorn aroma. 2-AP, the only compound expressed by all of the subjects, was found in greater abundance in males than females and was significantly and positively related to circulating androstenedione concentrations in both sexes. This unusual compound may have a more significant role in mammalian semiochemistry than previously appreciated. Based on these novel data, we suggest that hormonal action and potentially complex chemical reactions mediate communication of the binturong's signature scent and convey information about sex and reproductive state. C1 [Greene, Lydia K.; Drea, Christine M.] Duke Univ, Univ Program Ecol, Durham, NC USA. [Greene, Lydia K.; Drea, Christine M.] Duke Univ, Dept Evolutionary Anthropol, Durham, NC USA. [Wallen, Timothy W.; Goodwin, Thomas E.] Hendrix Coll, Dept Chem, Conway, AR USA. [Moresco, Anneke] Carnivore Preservat Trust, Carolina Tiger Rescue, 1940 Hanks Chapel Rd, Pittsboro, NC 27312 USA. [Drea, Christine M.] Duke Univ, Dept Biol, Durham, NC USA. [Wallen, Timothy W.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Div Sci Lab, Clin Chem Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Moresco, Anneke] Denver Zoo, 2300 Steele St, Denver, CO 80205 USA. RP Drea, CM (reprint author), Duke Univ, Univ Program Ecol, Durham, NC USA.; Drea, CM (reprint author), Duke Univ, Dept Evolutionary Anthropol, Durham, NC USA.; Drea, CM (reprint author), Duke Univ, Dept Biol, Durham, NC USA. EM cdrea@duke.edu FU Duke University; National Science Foundation [IOS-1021633]; Hendrix College FX We would like to thank the Carnivore Preservation Trust (now the Carolina Tiger Rescue), in particular Kathryn Bertok, for their collaboration in this project and for the excellent care provided to the animals. We thank Joseph Petty and Jillian Wisse for their technical assistance with validating the endocrine assays. The assistance of Qin Yin and Innocent H. Harelimana with the GC-MS data analysis is greatly appreciated. Funds were provided by an Undergraduate Research Support grant from Duke University (to LKG) and by National Science Foundation grant, IOS-1021633 (to CMD). Financial support at Hendrix College was provided via a Distinguished Professor grant, the Odyssey Program, and John and Laura Byrd (to TEG). NR 83 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 7 U2 11 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 0028-1042 EI 1432-1904 J9 SCI NAT-HEIDELBERG JI Sci. Nat. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 103 IS 5-6 AR 37 DI 10.1007/s00114-016-1361-4 PG 11 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA DO7YP UT WOS:000377999300002 ER PT J AU Qi, CL Echt, A Murata, TK AF Qi, Chaolong Echt, Alan Murata, Taichi K. TI Characterizing Dust from Cutting Corian(A (R)), a Solid-Surface Composite Material, in a Laboratory Testing System SO ANNALS OF OCCUPATIONAL HYGIENE LA English DT Article DE aluminum hydroxide; CorianA (R); dust; pulmonary fibrosis; solid-surface composite ID PULMONARY-FIBROSIS AB We conducted a laboratory test to characterize dust from cutting Corian(A (R)), a solid-surface composite material, with a circular saw. Air samples were collected using filters and direct-reading instruments in an automatic laboratory testing system. The average mass concentrations of the total and respirable dusts from the filter samples were 4.78 +/- 0.01 and 1.52 +/- 0.01mg cm(-3), respectively, suggesting about 31.8% mass of the airborne dust from cutting Corian(A (R)) is respirable. Analysis of the metal elements on the filter samples reveals that aluminum hydroxide is likely the dominant component of the airborne dust from cutting Corian(A (R)), with the total airborne and respirable dusts containing 86.0 +/- 6.6 and 82.2 +/- 4.1% aluminum hydroxide, respectively. The results from the direct-reading instruments confirm that the airborne dust generated from cutting Corian(A (R)) were mainly from the cutting process with very few particles released from the running circular saw alone. The number-based size distribution of the dusts from cutting Corian(A (R)) had a peak for fine particles at 1.05 A mu m with an average total concentration of 871.9 particles cm(-3), and another peak for ultrafine particles at 11.8nm with an average total concentration of 1.19x10(6) particles cm(-3). The small size and high concentration of the ultrafine particles suggest additional investigation is needed to study their chemical composition and possible contribution to pulmonary effect. C1 [Qi, Chaolong; Echt, Alan; Murata, Taichi K.] NIOSH, Div Appl Res & Technol, Engn & Phys Hazards Branch, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1090 Tusculum Ave,MS R5, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. RP Qi, CL (reprint author), NIOSH, Div Appl Res & Technol, Engn & Phys Hazards Branch, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1090 Tusculum Ave,MS R5, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. EM hif1@cdc.gov FU National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health project [Engineering Control of Silica Dust from Stone Countertop Fabrication and Installation (CAN) [939039F] FX National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health project [Engineering Control of Silica Dust from Stone Countertop Fabrication and Installation (CAN# 939039F)]. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0003-4878 EI 1475-3162 J9 ANN OCCUP HYG JI Ann. Occup. Hyg. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 60 IS 5 BP 638 EP 642 DI 10.1093/annhyg/mew005 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA DN9RW UT WOS:000377418800009 PM 26872962 ER PT J AU Nayak, AP Green, BJ Lemons, AR Marshall, NB Goldsmith, WT Kashon, ML Anderson, SE Germolec, DR Beezhold, DH AF Nayak, A. P. Green, B. J. Lemons, A. R. Marshall, N. B. Goldsmith, W. T. Kashon, M. L. Anderson, S. E. Germolec, D. R. Beezhold, D. H. TI Subchronic exposures to fungal bioaerosols promotes allergic pulmonary inflammation in naive mice SO CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL ALLERGY LA English DT Article DE allergy; Aspergillus fumigatus; asthma; fungi; immunotoxicity; subchronic ID ASPERGILLUS-FUMIGATUS CONIDIA; INNATE LYMPHOID-CELLS; ALTERNARIA-ALTERNATA; RESPIRATORY-TRACT; FLOW-CYTOMETRY; MOLD EXPOSURE; C57BL/6 MICE; US HOMES; ASTHMA; INHALATION AB BackgroundEpidemiological surveys indicate that occupants of mold contaminated environments are at increased risk of respiratory symptoms. The immunological mechanisms associated with these responses require further characterization. ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to characterize the immunotoxicological outcomes following repeated inhalation of dry Aspergillus fumigatus spores aerosolized at concentrations potentially encountered in contaminated indoor environments. MethodsAspergillus fumigatus spores were delivered to the lungs of naive BALB/cJ mice housed in a multi-animal nose-only chamber twice a week for a period of 13weeks. Mice were evaluated at 24 and 48h post-exposure for histopathological changes in lung architecture, recruitment of specific immune cells to the airways, and serum antibody responses. ResultGerminating A.fumigatus spores were observed in lungs along with persistent fungal debris in the perivascular regions of the lungs. Repeated exposures promoted pleocellular infiltration with concomitant epithelial mucus hypersecretion, goblet cell metaplasia, subepithelial fibrosis and enhanced airway hyperreactivity. Cellular infiltration in airways was predominated by CD4(+) T cells expressing the pro-allergic cytokine IL-13. Furthermore, our studies show that antifungal T cell responses (IFN-(+) or IL-17A(+)) co-expressed IL-13, revealing a novel mechanism for the dysregulated immune response to inhaled fungi. Total IgE production was augmented in animals repeatedly exposed to A.fumigatus. Conclusions & Clinical RelevanceRepeated inhalation of fungal aerosols resulted in significant pulmonary pathology mediated by dynamic shifts in specific immune populations and their cytokines. These studies provide novel insights into the immunological mechanisms and targets that govern the health outcomes that result from repeated inhalation of fungal bioaerosols in contaminated environments. C1 [Nayak, A. P.; Green, B. J.; Lemons, A. R.; Marshall, N. B.; Goldsmith, W. T.; Kashon, M. L.; Anderson, S. E.; Beezhold, D. H.] NIOSH, Hlth Effects Lab Div, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. [Germolec, D. R.] NIEHS, Div Natl Toxicol Program, POB 12233, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Nayak, AP (reprint author), NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1095 Willowdale Rd, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. EM fyg1@cdc.gov OI Lemons, Angela/0000-0003-3057-9888 FU NIOSH [927ZLCT]; CDC/NIOSH [AES12007001-1-0-6]; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) [AES12007001-1-0-6] FX The authors gratefully acknowledge Dr. Donald Cook and Dr. Scott Auerbach for reviewing the manuscript. The authors also thank Amy Cumpston, Jared Cumpston, Walter McKinney and Howard Leonard for conducting animal exposures, Katie Anderson and Dr. Tara L. Croston for assistance in animal procedures and Dr. Ann Hubbs for histopathological analysis. This study was funded by internal NIOSH funding 927ZLCT to AN, and in part by an interagency agreement between CDC/NIOSH and National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) (AES12007001-1-0-6) as a collaborative National Toxicology Program (NTP) research activity. The findings and the conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH). NR 41 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0954-7894 EI 1365-2222 J9 CLIN EXP ALLERGY JI Clin. Exp. Allergy PD JUN PY 2016 VL 46 IS 6 BP 861 EP 870 DI 10.1111/cea.12724 PG 10 WC Allergy; Immunology SC Allergy; Immunology GA DO0YQ UT WOS:000377505500010 PM 26892490 ER PT J AU Cogliati, M D'Amicis, R Zani, A Montagna, MT Caggiano, G De Giglio, O Balbino, S De Donno, A Serio, F Susever, S Ergin, C Velegraki, A Ellabib, MS Nardoni, S Macci, C Oliveri, S Trovato, L Dipineto, L Rickerts, V McCormick-Smith, I Akcaglar, S Tore, O Mlinaric-Missoni, E Bertout, S Mallie, M Martins, MD Venca, ACF Vieira, ML Sampaio, AC Pereira, C Griseo, G Romeo, O Ranque, S Al-Yasiri, MHY Kaya, M Cerikcioglu, N Marchese, A Vezzulli, L Ilkit, M Desnos-Ollivier, M Pasquale, V Korem, M Polacheck, I Scopa, A Meyer, W Ferreira-Paim, K Hagen, F Theelen, B Boekhout, T Lockhart, SR Tintelnot, K Tortorano, AM Dromer, F Varma, A Kwon-Chung, KJ Inacio, J Alonso, B Colom, MF AF Cogliati, Massimo D'Amicis, Roberta Zani, Alberto Montagna, Maria Teresa Caggiano, Giuseppina De Giglio, Osvalda Balbino, Stella De Donno, Antonella Serio, Francesca Susever, Serdar Ergin, Cagri Velegraki, Aristea Ellabib, Mohamed S. Nardoni, Simona Macci, Cristina Oliveri, Salvatore Trovato, Laura Dipineto, Ludovico Rickerts, Volker McCormick-Smith, Ilka Akcaglar, Sevim Tore, Okan Mlinaric-Missoni, Emilija Bertout, Sebastien Mallie, Michele Martins, Maria da Luz Venca, Ana C. F. Vieira, Maria L. Sampaio, Ana C. Pereira, Cheila Griseo, Giuseppe Romeo, Orazio Ranque, Stephane Al-Yasiri, Mohammed H. Y. Kaya, Meltem Cerikcioglu, Nilgun Marchese, Anna Vezzulli, Luigi Ilkit, Macit Desnos-Ollivier, Marie Pasquale, Vincenzo Korem, Maya Polacheck, Itzhack Scopa, Antonio Meyer, Wieland Ferreira-Paim, Kennio Hagen, Ferry Theelen, Bart Boekhout, Teun Lockhart, Shawn R. Tintelnot, Kathrin Tortorano, Anna Maria Dromer, Francoise Varma, Ashok Kwon-Chung, Kyung J. Inacio, Joeao Alonso, Beatriz Colom, Maria F. TI Environmental distribution of Cryptococcus neoformans and C. gattii around the Mediterranean basin SO FEMS YEAST RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Cryptococcus; C. neoformans; C. gattii; environment; Europe; epidemiology; molecular typing ID VAR. GATTII; IMMUNOCOMPETENT PATIENT; GENETIC DIVERSITY; BRITISH-COLUMBIA; SPECIES COMPLEX; MATING-TYPES; SEROTYPE-D; STRAINS; MENINGITIS; INFECTION AB In order to elucidate the distribution of Cryptococcus neoformans and C. gattii in the Mediterranean basin, an extensive environmental survey was carried out during 2012-2015. A total of 302 sites located in 12 countries were sampled, 6436 samples from 3765 trees were collected and 5% of trees were found to be colonized by cryptococcal yeasts. Cryptococcus neoformans was isolated from 177 trees and C. gattii from 13. Cryptococcus neoformans colonized 27% of Ceratonia, 10% of Olea, Platanus and Prunus trees and a lower percentage of other tree genera. The 13 C. gattii isolates were collected from five Eucalyptus, four Ceratonia, two Pinus and two Olea trees. Cryptococcus neoformans was distributed all around the Mediterranean basin, whereas C. gattii was isolated in Greece, Southern Italy and Spain, in agreement with previous findings from both clinical and environmental sources. Among C. neoformans isolates, VNI was the prevalent molecular type but VNII, VNIV and VNIII hybrid strains were also isolated. With the exception of a single VGIV isolate, all C. gattii isolates were VGI. The results confirmed the presence of both Cryptococcus species in the Mediterranean environment, and showed that both carob and olive trees represent an important niche for these yeasts. C1 [Cogliati, Massimo; D'Amicis, Roberta; Zani, Alberto; Tortorano, Anna Maria] Univ Milan, Dip Sci Biomed Salute, Via Pascal 36, I-20133 Milan, Italy. [Montagna, Maria Teresa; Caggiano, Giuseppina; De Giglio, Osvalda; Balbino, Stella] Univ Bari Aldo Moro, Dip Sci Biomed & Oncol Umana, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, I-70124 Bari, Italy. [De Donno, Antonella; Serio, Francesca] Univ Salento, Dip Sci & Tecnol Biol & Ambientali, Via Monteroni, I-73100 Lecce, Italy. [Susever, Serdar] Cyprus Near East Univ, Dept Nutr & Dietet, Near East Blvd, CY-99138 Nicosia, Cyprus. [Ergin, Cagri] Pamukkale Univ, Sch Med, Klin Kampusu, TR-20160 Denizli, Turkey. [Velegraki, Aristea] Univ Athens, Sch Med, Mikras Asias 75, Athens 11527, Greece. [Ellabib, Mohamed S.] Univ Tripoli, Coll Med, Tripoli Univ Rd, Tripoli, Libya. [Nardoni, Simona] Univ Pisa, Dip Sci Vet, Via Piagge 2, I-56124 Pisa, Italy. [Macci, Cristina] CNR, Natl Res Council, Ist Studio Ecosistemi, Via Moruzzi 1, I-56124 Pisa, Italy. [Oliveri, Salvatore; Trovato, Laura] Univ Catania, Dip Sci Microbiol & Sci Ginecol, Via Androne 81, I-95124 Catania, Italy. [Dipineto, Ludovico] Univ Naples Federico II, Dip Med Vet & Prod Anim, I-80138 Naples, Italy. [Rickerts, Volker; McCormick-Smith, Ilka; Tintelnot, Kathrin] Robert Koch Inst, Dept Infect Dis, D-13302 Berlin, Germany. [Akcaglar, Sevim; Tore, Okan] Uludag Univ, Sch Med, Gorukle Kampusu, TR-16059 Bursa, Turkey. [Mlinaric-Missoni, Emilija] Croatian Natl Inst Publ Hlth, Rockefellerova 7, Zagreb 10000, Croatia. [Bertout, Sebastien; Mallie, Michele] Univ Montpellier, Unit Mixte Int Rech Translat VIH & Malad Infect, 15 Ave Charles Flahault, F-34093 Montpellier, France. [Martins, Maria da Luz; Venca, Ana C. F.; Vieira, Maria L.; Al-Yasiri, Mohammed H. Y.] Inst Higiene & Med Trop, Rua Junqueira 100, P-1349008 Lisbon, Portugal. [Sampaio, Ana C.; Pereira, Cheila] Univ Tras Os Montes & Alto Douro, CITAB, P-5000801 Vila Real, Portugal. [Griseo, Giuseppe; Romeo, Orazio] Univ Messina, Dept Chem Biol Pharmaceut & Environm Sci, Piazza Pugliatti 1, I-98122 Messina, Italy. [Ranque, Stephane] Aix Marseille Univ, IP TPT Infect Parasitaires Transmiss Pphysiopatho, 27 Blv Jean Moulin, F-13005 Marseille, France. [Kaya, Meltem; Cerikcioglu, Nilgun] Marmara Univ, Sch Med, MU Goztepe Kampusu, TR-34722 Istanbul, Turkey. [Marchese, Anna] Univ Genoa, IRCCS San Martino IST Genova, Sez Microbiol, DISC, Largo Benzi 10, I-16132 Genoa, Italy. [Vezzulli, Luigi] Univ Genoa, Dipartimento Sci Terra Ambiente & Vita DISTAV, C Soeuropa 26, I-16132 Genoa, Italy. [Ilkit, Macit] Univ Cukurova Saricam, Dept Microbiol, Cukurova Univ Rektorlugu, TR-01330 Adana, Turkey. [Desnos-Ollivier, Marie] CNRS, Inst Pasteur, Unite Mycol Mol, 25-28 Rue Dr Roux, F-75015 Paris, France. [Pasquale, Vincenzo] Univ Napoli Parthenope, Dip Sci & Tecnol, Via Amm F Acton 38, I-80133 Naples, Italy. [Korem, Maya; Polacheck, Itzhack] Hadassah Hebrew Univ, Med Ctr, Div Microbiol & Infect Dis, POB 12271, IL-12271 Jerusalem, Israel. [Scopa, Antonio] Univ Basilicata, Fac Sci Agr Forestali & Ambientali, Via Nazario Sauro 85, I-85100 Potenza, Italy. [Meyer, Wieland; Ferreira-Paim, Kennio] Univ Sydney, Westmead Hosp, Westmead Millennium Inst, Mol Mycol Res Lab,CIDM,MBI,Sydney Med School, 176 Hawkesbury Rd, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia. [Hagen, Ferry] Canisius Wilhelmina Hosp, Weg Jonkerbos 100, NL-6532 SZ Nijmegen, Netherlands. [Theelen, Bart; Boekhout, Teun] CBS KNAW Fungal Biodivers Ctr, Uppsalalaan 8, NL-3584 CT Utrecht, Netherlands. [Lockhart, Shawn R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Varma, Ashok; Kwon-Chung, Kyung J.] NIAID, 31 Ctr Dr, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Inacio, Joeao; Alonso, Beatriz] Univ Brighton, Sch Pharm & Biomol Sci, Lewes Rd, Brighton BN2 4GJ, E Sussex, England. [Colom, Maria F.] Univ Miguel Hernandez, Sch Med, Ave Univ, Alicante 03202, Spain. RP Cogliati, M (reprint author), Univ Milan, Dip Sci Biomed Salute, Via Pascal 36, I-20133 Milan, Italy. EM massimo.cogliati@unimi.it RI Hagen, Ferry/B-9044-2009; Sampaio, Ana/G-5787-2012; Colom Valiente, M Francisca/L-7803-2014; Ranque, Stephane/K-2317-2015; Vieira, Maria Luisa/B-3310-2008; Ferreira-Paim, Kennio /A-8194-2013; OI Hagen, Ferry/0000-0002-5622-1916; Sampaio, Ana/0000-0001-7989-0779; Colom Valiente, M Francisca/0000-0002-8672-5429; Ranque, Stephane/0000-0003-3293-5276; Vieira, Maria Luisa/0000-0002-8586-5534; Ferreira-Paim, Kennio /0000-0002-6035-8392; Tortorano, Anna Maria/0000-0003-2093-8250; Serio, Francesca/0000-0002-2782-2798 FU National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH; CITAB [UID/AGR/04033/2013]; NHMRC, Australia [APP1031943]; CAPES from Brazil [9313133] FX The work by K.J. Kwon-Chung and A. Varma was supported by funds from the intramural program of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH. The work by A. Sampaio and C. Pereira was in part supported by CITAB under the project UID/AGR/04033/2013. W. Meyer was supported by funding from the NH&MRC, Australia, grant # APP1031943. K. Ferreira-Paim was supported by a CAPES Science without Borders visiting fellow (No 9313133) from Brazil. NR 73 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 10 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1567-1356 EI 1567-1364 J9 FEMS YEAST RES JI FEMS Yeast Res. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 16 IS 4 AR fow045 DI 10.1093/femsyr/fow045 PG 12 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology; Mycology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology; Mycology GA DO0PR UT WOS:000377481300015 ER PT J AU Bao, YH Pan, YJ Taylor, A Radakrishnan, S Luo, FJ Pincus, HA Schackman, BR AF Bao, Yuhua Pan, Yijun Taylor, Aryn Radakrishnan, Sharmini Luo, Feijun Pincus, Harold Alan Schackman, Bruce R. TI Prescription Drug Monitoring Programs Are Associated With Sustained Reductions In Opioid Prescribing By Physicians SO HEALTH AFFAIRS LA English DT Article ID OVERDOSE; TRENDS; IMPACT; ABUSE; PAIN AB State prescription drug monitoring programs are promising tools to rein in the epidemic of prescription opioid overdose. We used data from a national survey to assess the effects of these programs on the prescribing of opioid analgesics and other pain medications in ambulatory care settings at the point of care in twenty-four states from 2001 to 2010. We found that the implementation of a prescription drug monitoring program was associated with more than a 30 percent reduction in the rate of prescribing of Schedule II opioids. This reduction was seen immediately following the launch of the program and was maintained in the second and third years afterward. Effects on overall opioid prescribing and prescribing of non-opioid analgesics were limited. Increased use of these programs and the adoption of new policies and practices governing their use may have contributed to sustained effectiveness. Future studies are needed to evaluate the policies' comparative effectiveness. C1 [Bao, Yuhua; Schackman, Bruce R.] Weill Cornell Med Coll, Healthcare Policy & Res, New York, NY 10065 USA. [Pan, Yijun] Cornell Univ, Econ, Ithaca, NY USA. [Taylor, Aryn] Cornell Univ, Policy Anal & Management, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Radakrishnan, Sharmini] Abt Associates Inc, Cambridge, MA USA. [Luo, Feijun] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Pincus, Harold Alan] Columbia Univ, Coll Phys & Surg, Dept Psychiat, New York, NY USA. [Pincus, Harold Alan] New York Presbyterian Hosp, Qual & Outcomes Res, New York, NY USA. RP Bao, YH (reprint author), Weill Cornell Med Coll, Healthcare Policy & Res, New York, NY 10065 USA. EM yub2003@med.cornell.edu FU Center for Health Economics of Treatment Interventions for Substance Use Disorder, HCV, and HIV (CHERISH); Translational Institute on Pain in Later Life at Cornell University [P30AG022845]; National Institute of Mental Health [K01MH090087]; National Institute on Drug Abuse [P30DA040500]; Commonwealth Fund [20141104]; National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health [UL1 TR000040]; Translational Institute on Pain in Later Life at Columbia University [P30AG022845]; National Institute on Drug Abuse Center of Excellence [P30DA040500] FX This work was funded by pilot grants from the Center for Health Economics of Treatment Interventions for Substance Use Disorder, HCV, and HIV (CHERISH), a National Institute on Drug Abuse Center of Excellence (Grant No. P30DA040500), and the Translational Institute on Pain in Later Life at Cornell and Columbia Universities (Grant No. P30AG022845). Yuhua Bao is also supported by a career development award from the National Institute of Mental Health (Grant No. K01MH090087). Bruce Schackman is funded by the National Institute on Drug Abuse (Grant No. P30DA040500). Harold Alan Pincus is supported by the Commonwealth Fund (Grant No. 20141104) and the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health (through Grant No. UL1 TR000040). The findings and conclusions in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The authors thank Ashley Eggman for her excellent assistance with the manuscript and Cary Reid for helpful input on the revision of the paper. NR 31 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 6 U2 8 PU PROJECT HOPE PI BETHESDA PA 7500 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, STE 600, BETHESDA, MD 20814-6133 USA SN 0278-2715 J9 HEALTH AFFAIR JI Health Aff. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 35 IS 6 BP 1045 EP 1051 DI 10.1377/hlthaff.2015.1673 PG 7 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Health Policy & Services SC Health Care Sciences & Services GA DO1HF UT WOS:000377528400013 PM 27269021 ER PT J AU Shapiro, JM Zoega, H Shah, SA Bright, RM Mallette, M Moniz, H Grabert, SA Bancroft, B Merrick, M Flowers, NT Samad, Z Lidofsky, S LeLeiko, NS Sands, BE AF Shapiro, Jason M. Zoega, Helga Shah, Samir A. Bright, Renee M. Mallette, Meaghan Moniz, Heather Grabert, Stacey A. Bancroft, Barbara Merrick, Marjorie Flowers, Nicole T. Samad, Zahid Lidofsky, Sheldon LeLeiko, Neal S. Sands, Bruce E. TI Incidence of Crohn's Disease and Ulcerative Colitis in Rhode Island: Report from the Ocean State Crohn's and Colitis Area Registry SO INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASES LA English DT Article DE inflammatory bowel disease; Crohn's disease; ulcerative colitis; epidemiology; incidence ID INFLAMMATORY-BOWEL-DISEASE; EPIDEMIOLOGY; PREVALENCE; SMOKING; LIFE; IBD AB Background:Studies describing the incidence of Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) are uncommon in the United States. We sought to determine the incidence of CD and UC in the state of Rhode Island.Methods:The Ocean State Crohn's and Colitis Area Registry is a state-based inception cohort of patients newly diagnosed with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in Rhode Island. To confirm a diagnosis of CD, UC, or IBD unclassified (IBDU), the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases IBD Genetics Consortium criteria were applied in a review of medical records from gastroenterology practices located in the state of Rhode Island and adjacent to the Rhode Island border in Massachusetts and Connecticut. Using population-based data, we determined the statewide incidence of IBD in Rhode Island from 2008 to 2010.Results:A total of 971 Rhode Island residents were diagnosed with IBD, including 444 with CD, 486 with UC, and 41 with IBD unclassified from 2008 to 2010. The overall age- and sex-adjusted IBD incidence was 30.2 (95% confidence interval, 28.3-32.1) per 100,000 persons in this time frame with 13.9, 15.1, and 1.3 per 100,000 diagnosed with CD, UC, and IBD unclassified, respectively. Of the total incident cases in Rhode Island, 30% (n = 291) were enrolled in Ocean State Crohn's and Colitis Area Registry for follow-up.Conclusions:The incidence of IBD in Rhode Island is higher than that previously reported by other population-based cohorts in the United States. Prospective follow-up of individuals enrolled in the community-based Ocean State Crohn's and Colitis Area Registry cohort is ongoing. C1 [Shapiro, Jason M.; Bancroft, Barbara; LeLeiko, Neal S.] Hasbro Childrens Hosp, Div Pediat Gastroenterol Nutr & Liver Dis, Providence, RI USA. [Shapiro, Jason M.; Shah, Samir A.; LeLeiko, Neal S.] Brown Univ, Alpert Med Sch, Providence, RI 02903 USA. [Zoega, Helga; Sands, Bruce E.] Icahn Sch Med Mt Sinai, Dr Henry D Janowitz Div Gastroenterol, New York, NY 10029 USA. [Zoega, Helga] Univ Iceland, Fac Med, Ctr Publ Hlth Sci, IS-101 Reykjavik, Iceland. [Shah, Samir A.; Bright, Renee M.; Mallette, Meaghan; Moniz, Heather; Lidofsky, Sheldon] Rhode Isl Hosp, Div Gastroenterol, Providence, RI USA. [Grabert, Stacey A.] Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Boston, MA 02114 USA. [Merrick, Marjorie] Crohns & Colitis Fdn Amer, New York, NY USA. [Flowers, Nicole T.; Samad, Zahid] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Shapiro, JM (reprint author), Brown Univ, Div Pediat Gastroenterol Nutr & Liver Dis, Hasbro Childrens Hospital, Alpert Med Sch,Rhode Isl Hosp, 593 Eddy St, Providence, RI 02903 USA. EM jshapiro@lifespan.org FU CCFA/CDC [5U01DP004785-02] FX This work was supported by CCFA/CDC 5U01DP004785-02. NR 27 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 1078-0998 EI 1536-4844 J9 INFLAMM BOWEL DIS JI Inflamm. Bowel Dis. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 22 IS 6 BP 1456 EP 1461 DI 10.1097/MIB.0000000000000745 PG 6 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA DN9DM UT WOS:000377379500030 PM 26926039 ER PT J AU Guh, AY McDonald, LC AF Guh, Alice Y. McDonald, L. Clifford TI Active Surveillance and Isolation of Asymptomatic Carriers of Clostridium difficile at Hospital Admission Containing What Lies Under the Waterline SO JAMA INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material ID COLONIZATION; INFECTION C1 [Guh, Alice Y.; McDonald, L. Clifford] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, 1600 Clifton Rd,Mail Stop A35, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP McDonald, LC (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, 1600 Clifton Rd,Mail Stop A35, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM ljm3@cdc.gov NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 330 N WABASH AVE, STE 39300, CHICAGO, IL 60611-5885 USA SN 2168-6106 EI 2168-6114 J9 JAMA INTERN MED JI JAMA Intern. Med. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 176 IS 6 BP 805 EP 806 DI 10.1001/jamainternmed.2016.1118 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA DN6KU UT WOS:000377184000019 PM 27111468 ER PT J AU Inzaule, SC Weidle, PJ Yang, CF Ndiege, K Hamers, RL de Wit, TFR Thomas, T Zeh, C AF Inzaule, Seth C. Weidle, Paul J. Yang, Chunfu Ndiege, Kenneth Hamers, Raph L. de Wit, Tobias F. Rinke Thomas, Timothy Zeh, Clement TI Prevalence and dynamics of the K65R drug resistance mutation in HIV-1-infected infants exposed to maternal therapy with lamivudine, zidovudine and either nevirapine or nelfinavir in breast milk SO JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL CHEMOTHERAPY LA English DT Article ID IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS TYPE-1; TO-CHILD TRANSMISSION; FAILING ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; REVERSE-TRANSCRIPTASE; INFECTED INFANTS; HIV; SUBTYPE; INHIBITOR; PATTERNS; PREVENTION AB Background: K65R is a relatively rare drug resistance mutation (DRM) selected by the NRTIs tenofovir, didanosine, abacavir and stavudine and confers cross-resistance to all NRTIs except zidovudine. Selection by other NRTIs is uncommon. Objectives: In this study we investigated the frequency of emergence of the K65R mutation and factors associated with it in HIV-1-infected infants exposed to Low doses of maternal Lamivudine, zidovudine and either nevira pine or nelfinavir ingested through breast milk, using specimens collected from the Kisumu Breastfeeding Study. Methods: Plasma specimens with viral Load >= 1000 copies/mL collected from HIV-infected infants at 0-1, 2, 6, 14, 24 and 36 weeks of age and maternal samples at delivery were tested for HIV drug resistance using Sanger sequencing of the polymerase gene. Factors associated with K65R emergence were assessed using Fisher's exact test and the Wilcoxon rank-sum test. Results: K65R was detected in samples from 6 of the 24 infants (25%) who acquired HIV-1 infection by the age of 6 months. K65R emerged in half of the infants by 6 weeks and in the rest by 14 weeks of age. None of the mothers at delivery or the infants with a positive genotype at first time of positivity had the K65R mutation. Infants with K65R had Low baseline CD4 cell counts (P=0.014), were more Likely to have DRMs earlier (<= 6 weeks versus >= 14 weeks, P=0.007) and were more Likely to have multiclass drug resistance (P=0.035). M184V was the most common mutation associated with K65R emergence. K65R had reverted by 3 months after cessation of breastfeeding. Conclusions: A high rate of K65R emergence may suggest that ingesting Low doses of Lamivudine via breast milk could select for this mutation. The presence of this mutation may have a negative impact on future responses to NRTI-based ART. More in vitro studies are, however, needed to establish the molecular mechanism for this selection. C1 [Inzaule, Seth C.; Ndiege, Kenneth] Kenya Govt Med Res Ctr, Kisumu, Kenya. [Inzaule, Seth C.; Hamers, Raph L.; de Wit, Tobias F. Rinke] Univ Amsterdam, Acad Med Ctr, Dept Global Hlth, Meibergdreef 9, NL-1105 AZ Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Inzaule, Seth C.; Hamers, Raph L.; de Wit, Tobias F. Rinke] Amsterdam Inst Global Hlth & Dev Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Weidle, Paul J.; Yang, Chunfu; Thomas, Timothy] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Zeh, Clement] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Kisumu, Kenya. RP Zeh, C (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Kisumu, Kenya. EM cbz2@cdc.gov FU US CDC [5U19C1000323-05]; Kenya Medical Research Institute [5U19C1000323-05] FX This research was supported by the President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) through a cooperative agreement between the US CDC and the Kenya Medical Research Institute under the terms of Grant Award Number-5U19C1000323-05. The antiretroviral drugs used in this study were provided by GlaxoSmithKline and Boehringer Ingelheim. NR 37 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0305-7453 EI 1460-2091 J9 J ANTIMICROB CHEMOTH JI J. Antimicrob. Chemother. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 71 IS 6 BP 1619 EP 1626 DI 10.1093/jac/dkw039 PG 8 WC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA DO0AJ UT WOS:000377441500025 PM 26953333 ER PT J AU Armah, G Lewis, KDC Cortese, MM Parashar, UD Ansah, A Gazley, L Victor, JC McNeal, MM Binka, F Steele, AD AF Armah, George Lewis, Kristen D. C. Cortese, Margaret M. Parashar, Umesh D. Ansah, Akosua Gazley, Lauren Victor, John C. McNeal, Monica M. Binka, Fred Steele, A. Duncan TI A Randomized, Controlled Trial of the Impact of Alternative Dosing Schedules on the Immune Response to Human Rotavirus Vaccine in Rural Ghanaian Infants SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article DE rotavirus; rotavirus vaccines; randomized controlled trial; immunogenicity; infant; vaccines; developing countries; immunization schedules ID POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; PLACEBO-CONTROLLED TRIAL; AFRICAN INFANTS; DOUBLE-BLIND; IMMUNOGENICITY; EFFICACY; SAFETY; GASTROENTERITIS; LIVE; PROTECTION AB Background. The recommended schedule for receipt of 2-dose human rotavirus vaccine (HRV) coincides with receipt of the first and second doses of diphtheria, pertussis, and tetanus vaccine (ie, 6 and 10 weeks of age, respectively). Alternative schedules and additional doses of HRV have been proposed and may improve vaccine performance in low-income countries. Methods. In this randomized trial in rural Ghana, HRV was administered at ages 6 and 10 weeks (group 1), 10 and 14 weeks (group 2), or 6, 10, and 14 weeks (group 3). We compared serum antirotavirus immunoglobulin A (IgA) seroconversion (>= 20 U/mL) and geometric mean concentrations (GMCs) between group 1 and groups 2 and 3. Results. Ninety-three percent of participants (424 of 456) completed the study per protocol. In groups 1, 2, and 3, the IgA seroconversion frequencies among participants with IgA levels of < 20 U/mL at baseline were 28.9%, 37.4%, and 43.4%, respectively (group 1 vs group 3, P=.014; group 1 vs group 2, P=.163). Postvaccination IgA GMCs were 22.1 U/mL, 26.5 U/mL, and 32.6 U/mL in groups 1, 2, and 3, respectively (group 1 vs group 3, P=.038; group 1 vs group 2, P=.304). Conclusions. A third dose of HRV resulted in increased seroconversion frequencies and GMCs, compared with 2 doses administered at 6 and 10 weeks of age. Since there is no correlate of protection, a postmarketing effectiveness study is required to determine whether the improvement in immune response translates into a public health benefit in low-income countries. C1 [Armah, George] Univ Ghana, Noguchi Mem Inst Med Res, Legon, Ghana. [Ansah, Akosua] Navrongo Hlth Res Ctr, Ho, Ghana. [Binka, Fred] Univ Hlth & Allied Hlth Serv, Ho, Ghana. [Lewis, Kristen D. C.; Gazley, Lauren; Victor, John C.; Steele, A. Duncan] PATH, Seattle, WA USA. [Cortese, Margaret M.; Parashar, Umesh D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Div Viral Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [McNeal, Monica M.] Cincinnati Childrens Hosp Med Ctr, Div Infect Dis, Dept Pediat, Cincinnati, OH 45229 USA. [Lewis, Kristen D. C.] Bill & Melinda Gates Fdn, Pneumonia Global Hlth Program, Seattle, WA USA. [Steele, A. Duncan] Bill & Melinda Gates Fdn, Enter & Diarrheal Dis Global Hlth Program, Seattle, WA USA. RP Lewis, KDC (reprint author), POB 23350, Seattle, WA 98102 USA. EM kristen.lewis@gatesfoundation.org OI Victor, John/0000-0002-7970-6588 FU PATH through Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation [OPP1017334] FX This work was supported by PATH through funding from the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation (grant OPP1017334). NR 32 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 2 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0022-1899 EI 1537-6613 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD JUN 1 PY 2016 VL 213 IS 11 BP 1678 EP 1685 DI 10.1093/infdis/jiw023 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA DO0BC UT WOS:000377443400003 PM 26823335 ER PT J AU Zaman, K Fleming, JA Victor, JC Yunus, M Bari, TIA Azim, T Rahman, M Mowla, SMN Bellini, WJ McNeal, M Icenogle, JP Lopman, B Parashar, U Cortese, MM Steele, AD Neuzil, KM AF Zaman, K. Fleming, Jessica A. Victor, John C. Yunus, Mohammad Bari, Tajul Islam A. Azim, Tasnim Rahman, Mustafizur Mowla, Syed Mohammad Niaz Bellini, William J. McNeal, Monica Icenogle, Joseph P. Lopman, Ben Parashar, Umesh Cortese, Margaret M. Steele, A. Duncan Neuzil, Kathleen M. TI Noninterference of Rotavirus Vaccine With Measles-Rubella Vaccine at 9 Months of Age and Improvements in Antirotavirus Immunity: A Randomized Trial SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article DE rotavirus vaccine; measles vaccine; rubella vaccine; vaccine co-administration; non-interference ID ORAL POLIOVIRUS VACCINE; EDMONSTON-ZAGREB; CHILDREN; ANTIBODY; INFANTS; IMMUNOGENICITY; DIARRHEA; SAFETY; LIVE; INTUSSUSCEPTION AB Background. The burden of rotavirus morbidity and mortality is high in children aged < 5 years in developing countries, and evaluations indicate waning protection from rotavirus immunization in the second year. An additional dose of rotavirus vaccine may enhance the immune response and lengthen the period of protection against disease, but coadministration of this dose should not interfere with immune responses to concurrently given vaccines. Methods. A total of 480 9-month-old participants from Matlab, Bangladesh, were enrolled in a study with a primary objective to establish noninferiority of concomitant administration of measles-rubella vaccine (MR) and a third dose of human rotavirus vaccine (HRV; MR + HRV), compared with MR given alone. Secondary objectives included noninferiority of rubella antibody seroconversion and evaluating rotavirus IgA/IgG seroresponses in MR + HRV recipients. Results. Twomonths after vaccination, 75.3% and 74.3% of MR + HRV and MR recipients, respectively, had seroprotective levels of measles virus antibodies; 100.0% and 99.6%, respectively, showed anti-rubella virus immunoglobulin G (IgG) seroprotection. In the MR + HRV group, antirotavirus immunoglobulin A and IgG seropositivity frequencies before vaccination (52.7% and 66.3%, respectively) increased to 69.6% and 88.3% after vaccination. Conclusions. Vaccine-induced measles and rubella antibody responses are not negatively affected by concomitant administration of HRV. The HRV dose increases antirotavirus serum antibody titers and the proportion of infants with detectable antirotavirus antibody. C1 [Zaman, K.; Yunus, Mohammad; Azim, Tasnim; Rahman, Mustafizur; Mowla, Syed Mohammad Niaz] Int Ctr Diarrhoeal Dis Res, GPO Box 128, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh. [Fleming, Jessica A.; Victor, John C.; Steele, A. Duncan; Neuzil, Kathleen M.] PATH, 2201 Westlake Ave,Ste 200, Seattle, WA 98121 USA. [Bari, Tajul Islam A.] Off Directorate Gen Hlth Serv, Dhaka, Bangladesh. [Bellini, William J.; Icenogle, Joseph P.; Lopman, Ben; Parashar, Umesh; Cortese, Margaret M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [McNeal, Monica] Cincinnati Childrens Hosp Med Ctr, Cincinnati, OH 45229 USA. [Steele, A. Duncan] Bill & Melinda Gates Fdn, Enter & Diarrheal Dis, Seattle, WA USA. [Neuzil, Kathleen M.] Univ Maryland, Ctr Vaccine Dev, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Neuzil, Kathleen M.] Univ Maryland, Inst Global Hlth, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Fleming, JA (reprint author), PATH, 2201 Westlake Ave,Ste 200, Seattle, WA 98121 USA. EM jfleming@path.org OI Victor, John/0000-0002-7970-6588 FU Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation [OPP1017344] FX This work was supported by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation (grant OPP1017344 to PATH). NR 43 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0022-1899 EI 1537-6613 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD JUN 1 PY 2016 VL 213 IS 11 BP 1686 EP 1693 DI 10.1093/infdis/jiw024 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA DO0BC UT WOS:000377443400004 PM 26823338 ER PT J AU Chesson, HW Laprise, JF Brisson, M Markowitz, LE AF Chesson, Harrell W. Laprise, Jean-Francois Brisson, Marc Markowitz, Lauri E. TI Impact and Cost-effectiveness of 3 Doses of 9-Valent Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Vaccine Among US Females Previously Vaccinated With 4-Valent HPV Vaccine SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article DE human papillomavirus; vaccine; cost-effectiveness analysis; vaccine impact; disease transmission models ID MODEL-BASED ANALYSIS; UNITED-STATES; INTRAEPITHELIAL NEOPLASIA; DEVELOPED-COUNTRIES; QUADRIVALENT; BIVALENT; STRATEGIES AB Background. We estimated the potential impact and cost-effectiveness of providing 3-doses of nonavalent human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine (9vHPV) to females aged 13-18 years who had previously completed a series of quadrivalent HPV vaccine (4vHPV), a strategy we refer to as "additional 9vHPV vaccination." Methods. We used 2 distinct models: (1) the simplified model, which is among the most basic of the published dynamic HPV models, and (2) the US HPV-ADVISE model, a complex, stochastic, individual-based transmission-dynamic model. Results. When assuming no 4vHPV cross-protection, the incremental cost per quality-adjusted life-year (QALY) gained by additional 9vHPV vaccination was $146 200 in the simplified model and $108 200 in the US HPV-ADVISE model ($191 800 when assuming 4vHPV cross-protection). In 1-way sensitivity analyses in the scenario of no 4vHPV cross-protection, the simplified model results ranged from $70 300 to $182 000, and the US HPV-ADVISE model results ranged from $97 600 to $118 900. Conclusions. The average cost per QALY gained by additional 9vHPV vaccination exceeded $100 000 in both models. However, the results varied considerably in sensitivity and uncertainty analyses. Additional 9vHPV vaccination is likely not as efficient as many other potential HPV vaccination strategies, such as increasing primary 9vHPV vaccine coverage. C1 [Chesson, Harrell W.; Markowitz, Lauri E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Div STD Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Laprise, Jean-Francois; Brisson, Marc] Univ Laval, Ctr Rech CHU Quebec, Axe Sante Populat & Prat Optimales Sante, Quebec City, PQ G1K 7P4, Canada. [Brisson, Marc] Univ Laval, Dept Social & Prevent Med, Quebec City, PQ G1K 7P4, Canada. [Brisson, Marc] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Dept Infect Dis Epidemiol, London SW7 2AZ, England. RP Chesson, HW (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Mail Stop E-80,1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM hChesson@cdc.gov FU CDC [00HCVJDC-2014-77287]; Canada Research Chairs program; Canadian Institutes of Health Research [FDN-143283] FX This work was supported by a contract from the CDC (00HCVJDC-2014-77287), the Canada Research Chairs program (to M. B.), and a Foundation scheme grant from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (grant no. FDN-143283). NR 24 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 6 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0022-1899 EI 1537-6613 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD JUN 1 PY 2016 VL 213 IS 11 BP 1694 EP 1700 DI 10.1093/infdis/jiw046 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA DO0BC UT WOS:000377443400005 PM 26908738 ER PT J AU Toprani, A Li, WH Hadler, JL AF Toprani, Amita Li, Wenhui Hadler, James L. TI Trends in Mortality Disparities by Area-Based Poverty in New York City, 1990-2010 SO JOURNAL OF URBAN HEALTH-BULLETIN OF THE NEW YORK ACADEMY OF MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE Mortality; Socioeconomic factors; Poverty; Geography; Ethnic groups ID HEALTH DISPARITIES; UNITED-STATES AB Residing in a high-poverty area has consistently been associated with higher mortality rates, but the association between poverty and mortality can change over time. We examine the association between neighborhood poverty and mortality in New York City (NYC) during 1990-2010 to document mortality disparity changes over time and determine causes of death for which disparities are greatest. We used NYC and New York state mortality data for years 1990, 2000, and 2010 to calculate all-cause and cause-specific age-adjusted death rates (AADRs) by census tract poverty (CTP), which is the proportion of persons in a census tract living below the federal poverty threshold. We calculated mortality disparities, measured as the difference in AADR between the lowest and highest CTP groups, within and across race/ethnicity, nativity, and sex categories by year. We observed higher all-cause AADRs with higher CTP for each year for all race/ethnicities, both sexes, and US-born persons. Mortality disparities decreased progressively during 1990-2010 for the NYC population overall, for each race/ethnic group, and for the majority of causes of death. The overall mortality disparity between the highest and lowest CTP groups during 2010 was 2.55 deaths/1000 population. The largest contributors to mortality disparities were heart disease (51.52 deaths/100,000 population), human immunodeficiency virus (19.96/100,000 population), and diabetes (19.59/100,000 population). We show that progress was made in narrowing socioeconomic disparities in mortality during 1990-2010, but substantial disparities remain. Future efforts toward achieving health equity in NYC mortality should focus on areas contributing most to disparities. C1 [Toprani, Amita] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA USA. [Toprani, Amita; Li, Wenhui; Hadler, James L.] Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, 125 Worth St,Room 630, New York, NY 10013 USA. RP Toprani, A (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA USA. EM atoprani@health.nyc.gov NR 22 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1099-3460 EI 1468-2869 J9 J URBAN HEALTH JI J. Urban Health PD JUN PY 2016 VL 93 IS 3 BP 538 EP 550 DI 10.1007/s11524-016-0048-7 PG 13 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA DO0JX UT WOS:000377466300011 PM 27177681 ER PT J AU Boulet, SL Warner, L Adamski, A Smith, RA Burley, K Grigorescu, V AF Boulet, Sheree L. Warner, Lee Adamski, Alys Smith, Ruben A. Burley, Kim Grigorescu, Violanda CA BRFSS Women's Hlth Working Grp TI Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System State-Added Questions: Leveraging an Existing Surveillance System to Improve Knowledge of Women's Reproductive Health SO JOURNAL OF WOMENS HEALTH LA English DT Article ID PRECONCEPTION HEALTH; UNITED-STATES; CARE AB As the prevalence of chronic conditions among women of reproductive age continues to rise, studies assessing the intersection of chronic disease and women's reproductive health status are increasingly needed. However, many data systems collect only limited information on women's reproductive health, thereby hampering the appraisal of risk and protective factors across the life span. One way to expand the study of women's health with minimal investment in time and resources is to integrate questions on reproductive health into existing surveillance systems. In 2013, previously validated questions on women's self-reported reproductive history, use of contraception, and infertility were added to the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) by seven states (Connecticut, Kentucky, Massachusetts, Mississippi, Ohio, Texas, and Utah); all female respondents aged 18-50 years were included in the pool of respondents for these state-added questions. Of 8691 women who completed the questions, 13.2% reported ever experiencing infertility and 59.8% of those at risk for unintended pregnancy reported using contraception at last intercourse. The information garnered from the state-added reproductive health questions can be augmented with the BRFSS core questions on health-related risk behaviors, chronic conditions, and use of preventive services. Expanding existing data collection systems with supplemental questions on women's reproductive health can provide important information on risk factors and outcomes that may not be available from other sources. C1 [Boulet, Sheree L.; Warner, Lee; Adamski, Alys; Smith, Ruben A.; Burley, Kim] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Grigorescu, Violanda] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Hlth Informat & Surveillance, Ctr Surveillance Epidemiol & Lab Serv, Off Publ Hlth Sci Serv, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Boulet, SL (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM sbu1@cdc.gov NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT, INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1540-9996 EI 1931-843X J9 J WOMENS HEALTH JI J. Womens Health PD JUN PY 2016 VL 25 IS 6 BP 565 EP 570 DI 10.1089/jwh.2016.5899 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Women's Studies SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Women's Studies GA DN9VN UT WOS:000377428900003 PM 27227657 ER PT J AU Eblen, MK Wagner, RM RoyChowdhury, D Patel, KC Pearson, K AF Eblen, Matthew K. Wagner, Robin M. RoyChowdhury, Deepshikha Patel, Katherine C. Pearson, Katrina TI How Criterion Scores Predict the Overall Impact Score and Funding Outcomes for National Institutes of Health Peer-Reviewed Applications SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID GRANT APPLICATIONS AB Understanding the factors associated with successful funding outcomes of research project grant (R01) applications is critical for the biomedical research community. R01 applications are evaluated through the National Institutes of Health (NIH) peer review system, where peer reviewers are asked to evaluate and assign scores to five research criteria when assessing an application's scientific and technical merit. This study examined the relationship of the five research criterion scores to the Overall Impact score and the likelihood of being funded for over 123,700 competing R01 applications for fiscal years 2010 through 2013. The relationships of other application and applicant characteristics, including demo-graphics, to scoring and funding outcomes were studied as well. The analyses showed that the Approach and, to a lesser extent, the Significance criterion scores were the main predictors of an R01 application's Overall Impact score and its likelihood of being funded. Applicants might consider these findings when submitting future R01 applications to NIH. C1 [Eblen, Matthew K.; Wagner, Robin M.; RoyChowdhury, Deepshikha; Patel, Katherine C.; Pearson, Katrina] NIH, Off Extramural Res, Bldg 10, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Eblen, Matthew K.; Wagner, Robin M.] CDC, Off Publ Hlth Sci Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Eblen, MK (reprint author), NIH, Off Extramural Res, Bldg 10, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA.; Eblen, MK (reprint author), CDC, Off Publ Hlth Sci Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM matteblen@gmail.com NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 5 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JUN 1 PY 2016 VL 11 IS 6 AR e0155060 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0155060 PG 17 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA DN6KZ UT WOS:000377184700009 PM 27249058 ER PT J AU Curtis, KA Price, KA Niedzwiedz, P Masciotra, S Owen, M AF Curtis, Kelly A. Price, Krystin Ambrose Niedzwiedz, Philip Masciotra, Silvina Owen, Michele TI Short Communication: Persistence of HIV Antibody Avidity in the Presence of Antiretroviral Therapy SO AIDS RESEARCH AND HUMAN RETROVIRUSES LA English DT Article ID ENZYME-IMMUNOASSAY; INFECTION; ASSAY; SEROCONVERSION AB The effects of antiretroviral therapy (ART) on the performance of HIV incidence assays have been well documented. To improve upon current assay approaches or focus the development of future assays, studies are needed to characterize the effects of ART on all candidate HIV incidence assays. In this study, we compared the performance of three antibody avidity-based HIV incidence assays, the Limiting Antigen (LAg), Bio-Rad Avidity, and HIV-1 Multiplex assays, using a well-defined cohort of recent HIV-1 seroconverters composed of ART-naive HIV-1-infected individuals and those who received ART early or delayed in the course of infection. Differences in the performance of all three avidity-based incidence assays were noted with study subjects who received ART. The LAg assay and Multiplex total antibody measurements (nMFI) exhibited similar kinetics in reactivity, as these assays tended to fluctuate with changes in viral load. In the early ART group, all seven subjects remained recent by both assays at time points >1 year postseroconversion, and assay values declined dramatically postdelayed ART initiation. In contrast, the two-well, antibody-dissociation avidity assays, Bio-Rad Avidity and Multiplex avidity index (AI) measurements, continued to mature in the early ART group, although blunted relative to the ART-naive group, and assay values remained stable after delayed ART initiation. In summary, although the HIV incidence assays evaluated in this study are all designed to measure antibody avidity, each assay is affected differently by ART-induced virus suppression, presumably because of the distinct assay formats and procedures for measuring avidity. C1 [Curtis, Kelly A.; Price, Krystin Ambrose; Niedzwiedz, Philip; Masciotra, Silvina; Owen, Michele] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Branch Lab, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Hepatitis STD & TB Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS A25, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. RP Curtis, KA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Branch Lab, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Hepatitis STD & TB Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS A25, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM czv2@cdc.gov NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT, INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 0889-2229 EI 1931-8405 J9 AIDS RES HUM RETROV JI Aids Res. Hum. Retrovir. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 32 IS 6 BP 561 EP 563 DI 10.1089/aid.2015.0247 PG 3 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology GA DN3SI UT WOS:000376983300006 PM 26887862 ER PT J AU Balas, C Barley, D Baugh, E Berchuck, A Boyd, J Chiuzan, C DeFEO, S Ebell, M Ellis, A Gavin, K Levin, B Matteson, K Moran, A Narod, S Ramsey, C Seiden, M Stewart, SL AF Balas, Calaneet Barley, David Baugh, Elisabeth Berchuck, Andrew Boyd, Jeff Chiuzan, Codruta DeFEO, Sarah Ebell, Mark Ellis, Annie Gavin, Kathleen Levin, Bruce Matteson, Kristen Moran, Audra Narod, Steven Ramsey, Chad Seiden, Michael Stewart, Sherri L. CA Ovarian Canc Res Fund Alliance Banbury Conference Writing Grp TI What Women and Their Physicians Need to Know About the UKCTOCS Study and Ovarian Cancer Screening SO AMERICAN FAMILY PHYSICIAN LA English DT Editorial Material ID RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; MORTALITY C1 [Balas, Calaneet; DeFEO, Sarah; Moran, Audra; Ramsey, Chad] Ovarian Canc Res Fund Alliance, New York, NY 10087 USA. [Barley, David] Natl Ovarian Canc Coalit, New York, NY 10087 USA. [Baugh, Elisabeth] Ovarian Canc Canada, Toronto, ON M5A 1E3, Canada. [Berchuck, Andrew] Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Durham, NC 27706 USA. [Boyd, Jeff] Florida Int Univ, Miami, FL 33199 USA. [Chiuzan, Codruta; Levin, Bruce] Columbia Univ, Mailman Sch Publ Hlth, New York, NY 10027 USA. [Ebell, Mark] Univ Georgia, Coll Publ Hlth, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Gavin, Kathleen] Minnesota Ovarian Canc Alliance, Minneapolis, MN 55407 USA. [Matteson, Kristen] Brown Univ, Women & Infants Hosp, Providence, RI 02912 USA. [Matteson, Kristen] Brown Univ, Warren Alpert Med Sch, Providence, RI 02912 USA. [Narod, Steven] Univ Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A1, Canada. [Seiden, Michael] McKesson Specialty Hlth, The Woodlands, TX 77380 USA. [Stewart, Sherri L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. RP DeFEO, S (reprint author), Ovarian Canc Res Fund Alliance, New York, NY 10087 USA. EM sdefeo@ocrfa.org NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER ACAD FAMILY PHYSICIANS PI KANSAS CITY PA 8880 WARD PARKWAY, KANSAS CITY, MO 64114-2797 USA SN 0002-838X EI 1532-0650 J9 AM FAM PHYSICIAN JI Am. Fam. Physician PD JUN 1 PY 2016 VL 93 IS 11 BP 903 EP 904 PG 2 WC Primary Health Care; Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA DN1LE UT WOS:000376826500001 ER PT J AU Godfrey, EM Zapata, LB Cox, CM Curtis, KM Marchbanks, PA AF Godfrey, Emily M. Zapata, Lauren B. Cox, Carie M. Curtis, Kathryn M. Marchbanks, Polly A. TI Unintended pregnancy risk and contraceptive use among women 45-50 years old: Massachusetts, 2006, 2008, and 2010 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE contraceptive use; older reproductive-aged women; Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System; unintended pregnancy ID UNITED-STATES; COST-EFFECTIVENESS; FERTILITY; AGE AB BACKGROUND: Little is known about unintended pregnancy risk and current contraceptive use among women >= 45 years old in the United States. OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to describe the prevalence of women ages 45-50 years old at risk for unintended pregnancy and their current contraceptive use, and to compare these findings to those of women in younger age groups. STUDY DESIGN: We analyzed 2006, 2008, and 2010 Massachusetts Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System data, the only state in the United States to collect contraceptive data routinely from women >44 years old. Women 18-50 years old (n = 4930) were considered to be at risk for unintended pregnancy unless they reported current pregnancy, hysterectomy, not being sexually active in the past year, having a same-sex partner, or wanting to become pregnant. Among women who were considered to be at risk (n = 3605), we estimated the prevalence of current contraceptive use by age group. Among women who were considered to be at risk and who were 45-50 years old (n = 940), we examined characteristics that were associated with current method use. Analyses were conducted on weighted data using SAS-callable SUDAAN (RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC). RESULTS: Among women who were 45-50 years old, 77.6% were at risk for unintended pregnancy, which was similar to other age groups. As age increased, hormonal contraceptive use (shots, pills, patch, or ring) decreased, and permanent contraception (tubal ligation or vasectomy) increased as did non-use of contraception. Of women who were 45-50 years old and at risk for unintended pregnancy, 66.9% reported using some contraceptive method; permanent contraception was the leading method reported by 44.0% and contraceptive non-use was reported by 16.8%. CONCLUSION: A substantial proportion of women who were 45-50 years old were considered to be at risk for unintended pregnancy. Permanent contraception was most commonly used by women in this age group. Compared with other age groups, more women who were 45-50 years old were not using any contraception. Population-based surveillance efforts are needed to follow trends among this age group and better meet their family planning needs. Although expanding surveillance systems to include women through 50 years old requires additional resources, fertility trends that show increasingly delayed childbearing, uncertain end of fecundity, and potential adverse consequences of unplanned pregnancy in older age may justify these expenditures. C1 [Godfrey, Emily M.] Univ Washington, Dept Family Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Godfrey, Emily M.; Zapata, Lauren B.; Curtis, Kathryn M.; Marchbanks, Polly A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, NCCDPHP DRH WHFB, Atlanta, GA USA. [Cox, Carie M.] St Catherine Univ, Dept Publ Hlth, St Paul, MN USA. RP Godfrey, EM (reprint author), Univ Washington, Dept Family Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.; Godfrey, EM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, NCCDPHP DRH WHFB, Atlanta, GA USA. EM godfreye@uw.edu FU Bayer; Teva; Merck Pharmaceuticals FX E.M.G. reports research funding from Bayer and personal fees from Teva and Merck Pharmaceuticals, outside the submitted work. There are no other conflicts of interest. NR 39 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0002-9378 EI 1097-6868 J9 AM J OBSTET GYNECOL JI Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 214 IS 6 AR 712.e1-e8 DI 10.1016/j.ajog.2015.12.006 PG 8 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA DN6YP UT WOS:000377222800010 PM 26694134 ER PT J AU Leffert, LR Clancy, CR Bateman, BT Cox, M Schulte, PJ Smith, EE Fonarow, GC Kuklina, EV George, MG Schwamm, LH AF Leffert, Lisa R. Clancy, Caitlin R. Bateman, Brian T. Cox, Margueritte Schulte, Phillip J. Smith, Eric E. Fonarow, Gregg C. Kuklina, Elena V. George, Mary G. Schwamm, Lee H. TI Treatment patterns and short-term outcomes in ischemic stroke in pregnancy or postpartum period SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE ischemic; pregnancy; stroke ID TISSUE-PLASMINOGEN-ACTIVATOR; THROMBOLYTIC THERAPY; INTRAVENOUS THROMBOLYSIS; RISK-FACTORS; GUIDELINES-STROKE; ALTEPLASE; TRENDS; WOMEN; PREECLAMPSIA; THROMBECTOMY AB BACKGROUND: Stroke, which is a rare but devastating event during pregnancy, occurs in 34 of every 100,000 deliveries; obstetricians are often the first providers to be contacted by symptomatic patients. At least one-half of pregnancy-related strokes are likely to be of the ischemic stroke subtype. Most pregnant or newly postpartum women with ischemic stroke do not receive acute stroke reperfusion therapy, although this is the recommended treatment for adults. Little is known about these therapies in pregnant or postpartum women because pregnancy has been an exclusion criterion for all reperfusion trials. Until recently, pregnancy and obstetric delivery were specifically identified as warnings to intravenous alteplase tissue plasminogen activator in Federal Drug Administration labeling. OBJECTIVE: The primary study objective was to compare the characteristics and outcomes of pregnant or postpartum vs nonpregnant women with ischemic stroke who received acute reperfusion therapy. STUDY DESIGN: Pregnant or postpartum (<6 weeks; n = 338) and nonpregnant (n = 24,303) women 18-44 years old with ischemic stroke from 1991 hospitals that participated in the American Heart Association's Get With the Guidelines-Stroke Registry from 2008-2013 were identified by medical history or International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, codes. Acute stroke reperfusion therapy was defined as intravenous tissue plasminogen activator, catheter-based thrombolysis, or thrombectomy or any combination thereof. A sensitivity analysis was done on patients who received intravenous tissue plasminogen activator monotherapy only. Chi-square tests were used for categoric variables, and Wilcoxon Rank-Sum was used for continuous variables. Conditional logistic regression was used to assess the association of pregnancy with short-term outcomes. RESULTS: Baseline characteristics of the pregnant or postpartum vs nonpregnant women with ischemic stroke revealed a younger group who, despite greater stroke severity, were less likely to have a history of hypertension or to arrive via emergency medical services. There were similar rates of acute stroke reperfusion therapy in the pregnant or postpartum vs nonpregnant women (11.8% vs 10.5%; P =.42). Pregnant or postpartum women were less likely to receive intravenous tissue plasminogen activator monotherapy (4.4% vs 7.9%; P =.03), primarily because of pregnancy and recent surgery. There was a trend toward increased symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage in the pregnant or postpartum patients who were treated with tissue plasminogen activator, yet no cases of major systemic bleeding or in-hospital death occurred, and there were similar rates of discharge to home. Data on the timing of pregnancy, which were available in 145 of 338 cases, showed that 44.8% of pregnancy-related strokes were antepartum, that 2.8% occurred during delivery, and that 52.4% were during the postpartum period. CONCLUSIONS: Using data from the Get With the Guidelines-Stroke Registry to assemble the largest cohort of pregnant or postpartum ischemic stroke patients who had been treated with reperfusion therapy, we observed that pregnant or postpartum women had similarly favorable short-term outcomes and equal rates of total reperfusion therapy to nonpregnant women, despite lower rates of intravenous tissue plasminogen activator use. Future studies should identify the characteristics of pregnant and postpartum ischemic stroke patients who are most likely to safely benefit from reperfusion therapy. C1 [Leffert, Lisa R.; Clancy, Caitlin R.; Bateman, Brian T.] Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Obstet Anesthesia Div, Dept Anesthesia Crit Care & Pain Med, Boston, MA 02114 USA. [Schwamm, Lee H.] Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Dept Neurol, Boston, MA 02114 USA. [Cox, Margueritte] Duke Clin Res Inst, Outcomes Res & Assessment Grp, Durham, NC USA. [Schulte, Phillip J.] Duke Clin Res Inst, Clin Trials Stat Grp, Outcomes Res & Assessment Grp, Durham, NC USA. [Smith, Eric E.] Univ Calgary, Dept Clin Neurosci, Calgary, AB, Canada. [Smith, Eric E.] Univ Calgary, Hotchkiss Brain Inst, Calgary, AB, Canada. [Fonarow, Gregg C.] Ronald Reagan Univ Calif Los Angeles Med Ctr, Ahmanson Univ Calif Los Angeles Cardiomyopathy Ct, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Kuklina, Elena V.] Ctr Dis Control, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Div Reprod Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [George, Mary G.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Heart Dis & Stroke Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Leffert, LR (reprint author), Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Obstet Anesthesia Div, Dept Anesthesia Crit Care & Pain Med, Boston, MA 02114 USA. EM lleffert@partners.org OI Fonarow, Gregg/0000-0002-3192-8093 FU Get With The Guidelines (GWTG)-Stroke Young Investigator Database Research Seed Grant, by the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association; Medtronic; Boeringher-Ingelheim; Merck; Bristol-Myers Squib/Sanofi Pharmaceutical Partnership; Janseen Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson Johnson; AHA Pharmaceutical Roundtable; NINDS; Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute (PCORI) FX Supported by a Get With The Guidelines (GWTG)-Stroke Young Investigator Database Research Seed Grant, which is provided by the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association and is sponsored, in part, by Medtronic and has been funded in the past through support from Boeringher-Ingelheim, Merck, Bristol-Myers Squib/Sanofi Pharmaceutical Partnership, Janseen Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson & Johnson and the AHA Pharmaceutical Roundtable.; L.H.S. serves as a volunteer for the American Heart Association as chair of the stroke clinical workgroup for Get with the Guideline-Stroke and chair of the Healthcare Accreditation Science Committee; he serves as the PI of an NINDS funded SPOTRIAS network trial, MR WITNESS, which is a Phase 2 safety study of alteplase delivered in an extended time window with MR-guided patient selection (NCT01282242). The study is funded primarily by NINDS, and alteplase is provided by Genentech to MGH for distribution to sites; there are modest per patient supplemental site payments. Genentech has no control over study design, analysis or publication. L.H.S. reports receiving significant research support from the Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute (PCORI), serving as a stroke systems consultant to the Massachusetts Department of Public Health, and serving as a scientific consultant regarding trial design and conduct to Lundbeck (international steering committee, DIAS3, 4 trial); and Penumbra (data and safety monitoring committee, Separator 3D trial). All other authors report no conflicts of interest. NR 45 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 5 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0002-9378 EI 1097-6868 J9 AM J OBSTET GYNECOL JI Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 214 IS 6 AR 723.e1-e11 DI 10.1016/j.ajog.2015.12.016 PG 11 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA DN6YP UT WOS:000377222800016 PM 26709084 ER PT J AU Talundzic, E Plucinski, MM Biliya, S Silva-Flannery, LM Arguin, PM Halsey, ES Barnwell, JW Vannberg, F Udhayakumar, V AF Talundzic, Eldin Plucinski, Mateusz M. Biliya, Shweta Silva-Flannery, Luciana M. Arguin, Paul M. Halsey, Eric S. Barnwell, John W. Vannberg, Fredrik Udhayakumar, Venkatachalam TI Advanced Molecular Detection of Malarone Resistance SO ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY LA English DT Article ID PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM; ATOVAQUONE-PROGUANIL; MUTATIONS; PARASITES AB The rapid emergence of drug-resistant malaria parasites during the course of an infection remains a major challenge for providing accurate treatment guidelines. This is particularly important in cases of malaria treatment failure. Using a previously well-characterized case of malaria treatment failure, we show the utility of using next-generation sequencing for early detection of the rise and selection of a previously reported atovaquone-proguanil (malarone) drug resistance-associated mutation. C1 [Talundzic, Eldin; Plucinski, Mateusz M.; Silva-Flannery, Luciana M.; Arguin, Paul M.; Halsey, Eric S.; Barnwell, John W.; Udhayakumar, Venkatachalam] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ctr Global Hlth, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Malaria Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Talundzic, Eldin; Silva-Flannery, Luciana M.] Atlanta Res & Educ Fdn, Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Atlanta, GA USA. [Plucinski, Mateusz M.; Halsey, Eric S.] Presidents Malaria Initiat, Atlanta, GA USA. [Biliya, Shweta; Vannberg, Fredrik] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Biol, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. RP Talundzic, E (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ctr Global Hlth, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Malaria Branch, Atlanta, GA USA.; Talundzic, E (reprint author), Atlanta Res & Educ Fdn, Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Atlanta, GA USA. EM etalundzic@cdc.gov FU Advanced Molecular Detection Initiative at the CDC; Atlanta Research and Education Foundation FX We acknowledge support from the Advanced Molecular Detection Initiative at the CDC. E.T. is supported by the Atlanta Research and Education Foundation. NR 16 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0066-4804 EI 1098-6596 J9 ANTIMICROB AGENTS CH JI Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 60 IS 6 BP 3821 EP 3823 DI 10.1128/AAC.00171-16 PG 3 WC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA DN4PE UT WOS:000377048900067 PM 27001821 ER PT J AU Raphael, BH Baker, DJ Nazarian, E Lapierre, P Bopp, D Kozak-Muiznieks, NA Morrison, SS Lucas, CE Mercante, JW Musser, KA Winchell, JM AF Raphael, Brian H. Baker, Deborah J. Nazarian, Elizabeth Lapierre, Pascal Bopp, Dianna Kozak-Muiznieks, Natalia A. Morrison, Shatavia S. Lucas, Claressa E. Mercante, Jeffrey W. Musser, Kimberlee A. Winchell, Jonas M. TI Genomic Resolution of Outbreak-Associated Legionella pneumophila Serogroup 1 Isolates from New York State SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SEQUENCE-BASED SCHEME; UNITED-STATES; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES AB A total of 30 Legionella pneumophila serogroup 1 isolates representing 10 separate legionellosis laboratory investigations ("out-breaks") that occurred in New York State between 2004 and 2012 were selected for evaluation of whole-genome sequencing (WGS) approaches for molecular subtyping of this organism. Clinical and environmental isolates were available for each outbreak and were initially examined by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). Sequence-based typing alleles were extracted from WGS data yielding complete sequence types (ST) for isolates representing 8 out of the 10 outbreaks evaluated in this study. Isolates from separate outbreaks sharing the same ST also contained the fewest differences in core genome single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and the greatest proportion of identical allele sequences in a whole-genome multilocus sequence typing (wgMLST) scheme. Both core SNP and wgMLST analyses distinguished isolates from separate outbreaks, including those from two outbreaks sharing indistinguishable PFGE profiles. Isolates from a hospital-associated outbreak spanning multiple years shared indistinguishable PFGE profiles but displayed differences in their genome sequences, suggesting the presence of multiple environmental sources. Finally, the rtx gene demonstrated differences in the repeat region sequence among ST1 isolates from different outbreaks, suggesting that variation in this gene may be useful for targeted molecular subtyping approaches for L. pneumophila. This study demonstrates the utility of various genome sequence analysis approaches for L. pneumophila for environmental source attribution studies while furthering the understanding of Legionella ecology. IMPORTANCE We demonstrate that whole-genome sequencing helps to improve resolution of Legionella pneumophila isolated during laboratory investigations of legionellosis compared to traditional subtyping methods. These data can be important in confirming the environmental sources of legionellosis outbreaks. Moreover, we evaluated various methods to analyze genome sequence data to help resolve outbreak-related isolates. C1 [Raphael, Brian H.; Kozak-Muiznieks, Natalia A.; Morrison, Shatavia S.; Lucas, Claressa E.; Mercante, Jeffrey W.; Winchell, Jonas M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Resp Dis Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Baker, Deborah J.; Nazarian, Elizabeth; Lapierre, Pascal; Bopp, Dianna; Musser, Kimberlee A.] New York State Dept Hlth, Wadsworth Ctr, Albany, NY USA. RP Winchell, JM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Resp Dis Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. EM jwinchell@cdc.gov OI Raphael, Brian/0000-0003-2778-2623 FU Office of Advanced Molecular Detection (CDC) FX This study was supported, in part, by funds made available through the Office of Advanced Molecular Detection (CDC). NR 28 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 4 U2 5 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 EI 1098-5336 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 82 IS 12 BP 3582 EP 3590 DI 10.1128/AEM.00362-16 PG 9 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA DN4FI UT WOS:000377018400015 PM 27060122 ER PT J AU Pronovost, PJ Cleeman, JI Wright, D Srinivasan, A AF Pronovost, Peter J. Cleeman, James I. Wright, Donald Srinivasan, Arjun TI Fifteen years after To Err is Human: a success story to learn from SO BMJ QUALITY & SAFETY LA English DT Editorial Material ID BLOOD-STREAM INFECTIONS; INTENSIVE-CARE UNITS; PATIENT SAFETY PROGRAM; QUALITY IMPROVEMENT; MATCHING-MICHIGAN; INTERVENTION; EXPERIENCE; HOSPITALS; IMPACT; ICU C1 [Pronovost, Peter J.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Armstrong Inst Patient Safety & Qual, Johns Hopkins Med, Anesthesiol & Crit Care Med Surg & Hlth Policy &, 750 E Pratt St,15th Floor, Baltimore, MD 21202 USA. [Cleeman, James I.] Agcy Healthcare Res & Qual, Ctr Qual Improvement & Patient Safety, Rockville, MD USA. [Wright, Donald] US Dept HHS, Off Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Rockville, MD USA. [Srinivasan, Arjun] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Pronovost, PJ (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Anesthesiol & Crit Care Med, 750 E Pratt St,15th Floor, Baltimore, MD 21202 USA. EM ppronovo@jhmi.edu FU Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality; Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation; National Institutes of Health; American Medical Association, Inc. FX PJP reports the following potential conflicts of interest: grant or contract support from the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation (research related to patient safety and quality of care), the National Institutes of Health (research on long-term outcomes for acute lung injury patients) and the American Medical Association, Inc. (research to improve blood pressure control); honoraria from various healthcare organisations for speaking on patient safety and quality (the Leigh Bureau manages these engagements); book royalties from the Penguin Group for his book, Safe Patients, Smart Hospitals; and stock and fees to serve as a director for Cantel Medical. PJP is a founder of Patient Doctor Technologies, a startup company that seeks to enhance the partnership between patients and clinicians with an application called Doctella. NR 29 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 5 U2 5 PU BMJ PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 2044-5415 EI 2044-5423 J9 BMJ QUAL SAF JI BMJ Qual. Saf. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 25 IS 6 BP 396 EP 399 DI 10.1136/bmjqs-2015-004720 PG 4 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Health Policy & Services SC Health Care Sciences & Services GA DN2WT UT WOS:000376924400003 PM 26669931 ER PT J AU Srinivasan, V McGee, L Njanpop-Lafourcade, BM Moisi, J Beall, B AF Srinivasan, Velusamy McGee, Lesley Njanpop-Lafourcade, Berthe-Marie Moisi, Jennifer Beall, Bernard TI Species-specific real-time PCR assay for the detection of Streptococcus suis from clinical specimens SO DIAGNOSTIC MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASE LA English DT Article DE S. suis; Real-time PCR; Detection; Clinical specimens ID CHINA AB A real-time polymerase chain reaction was developed to detect all known strains of Streptococcus suis. The assay was highly specific, and sensitivity was <10 copies/assay for S. suis detection from clinical samples. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Srinivasan, Velusamy; McGee, Lesley; Beall, Bernard] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Resp Dis Branch, Div Bacterial Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Njanpop-Lafourcade, Berthe-Marie; Moisi, Jennifer] Agence Med Prevent, Paris, France. RP Srinivasan, V (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Resp Dis Branch, Div Bacterial Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. EM VSrinivasan@cdc.gov NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 6 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0732-8893 EI 1879-0070 J9 DIAGN MICR INFEC DIS JI Diagn. Microbiol. Infect. Dis. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 85 IS 2 BP 131 EP 132 DI 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2016.02.013 PG 2 WC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA DN1JR UT WOS:000376822600001 PM 27041105 ER PT J AU Spengler, JR Ervin, ED Towner, JS Rollin, PE Nichol, ST AF Spengler, Jessica R. Ervin, Elizabeth D. Towner, Jonathan S. Rollin, Pierre E. Nichol, Stuart T. TI Perspectives on West Africa Ebola Virus Disease Outbreak, 2013-2016 SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID BATS ROUSETTUS-AEGYPTIACUS; MARBURG HEMORRHAGIC-FEVER; FRUIT BATS; TRANSMISSION; PREVALENCE; RESERVOIRS; EVOLUTION; SEQUENCES; GUINEA; UGANDA AB The variety of factors that contributed to the initial undetected spread of Ebola virus disease in West Africa during 2013-2016 and the difficulty controlling the outbreak once the etiology was identified highlight priorities for disease prevention, detection, and response. These factors include occurrence in a region recovering from civil instability and lacking experience with Ebola response; inadequate surveillance, recognition of suspected cases, and Ebola diagnosis; mobile populations and extensive urban transmission; and the community's insufficient general understanding about the disease. The magnitude of the outbreak was not attributable to a substantial change of the virus. Continued efforts during the outbreak and in preparation for future outbreak response should involve identifying the reservoir, improving in-country detection and response capacity, conducting survivor studies and supporting survivors, engaging in culturally appropriate public education and risk communication, building productive interagency relationships, and continuing support for basic research. C1 [Spengler, Jessica R.; Ervin, Elizabeth D.; Towner, Jonathan S.; Rollin, Pierre E.; Nichol, Stuart T.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop G14, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. RP Nichol, ST (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop G14, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM stn1@cdc.gov FU Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education; National Institutes of Health FX This work was supported in part by an appointment to the Research Participation Program at CDC by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education through an interagency agreement between the US Department of Energy and CDC (to J.R.S.) and by the National Institutes of Health Loan Repayment Award (to J.R.S.). NR 39 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 9 U2 23 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 EI 1080-6059 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD JUN PY 2016 VL 22 IS 6 BP 956 EP 963 DI 10.32032/eid2206.160021 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA DN0YY UT WOS:000376794200002 PM 27070842 ER PT J AU Polansky, LS Outin-Blenman, S Moen, AC AF Polansky, Lauren S. Outin-Blenman, Sajata Moen, Ann C. TI Improved Global Capacity for Influenza Surveillance SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID INTERNATIONAL HEALTH REGULATIONS; NATIONAL INVENTORY; CORE CAPABILITIES; PREPAREDNESS; COUNTRIES; H1N1 AB During 2004-2009, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) partnered with 39 national governments to strengthen global influenza surveillance. Using World Health Organization data and program evaluation indicators collected by CDC in 2013, we retrospectively evaluated progress made 4-9 years after the start of influenza surveillance capacity strengthening in the countries. Our results showed substantial increases in laboratory and sentinel surveillance capacities, which are essential for knowing which influenza strains circulate globally, detecting emergence of novel influenza, identifying viruses for vaccine selection, and determining the epidemiology of respiratory illness. Twenty-eight of 35 countries responding to a 2013 questionnaire indicated that they have leveraged routine influenza surveillance platforms to detect other pathogens. This additional surveillance illustrates increased health-system strengthening. Furthermore, 34 countries reported an increased ability to use data in decision making; data-driven decisions are critical for improving local prevention and control of influenza around the world. C1 [Polansky, Lauren S.; Outin-Blenman, Sajata; Moen, Ann C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop A20, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. RP Polansky, LS (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop A20, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM hhw3@cdc.gov NR 29 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 EI 1080-6059 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD JUN PY 2016 VL 22 IS 6 BP 993 EP 1001 DI 10.3201/eid2206.151521 PG 9 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA DN0YY UT WOS:000376794200006 PM 27192395 ER PT J AU Thomas, DL Santiago, GA Abeyta, R Hinojosa, S Torres-Velasquez, B Adam, JK Evert, N Caraballo, E Hunsperger, E Munoz-Jordan, JL Smith, B Banicki, A Tomashek, KM Gaul, L Sharp, TM AF Thomas, Dana L. Santiago, Gilberto A. Abeyta, Roman Hinojosa, Steven Torres-Velasquez, Brenda Adam, Jessica K. Evert, Nicole Caraballo, Elba Hunsperger, Elizabeth Munoz-Jordan, Jorge L. Smith, Brian Banicki, Alison Tomashek, Kay M. Gaul, Linda Sharp, Tyler M. TI Reemergence of Dengue in Southern Texas, 2013 SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID CONTINENTAL UNITED-STATES; VIRUS TRANSMISSION; AEDES-AEGYPTI; FEVER AB During a dengue epidemic in northern Mexico, enhanced surveillance identified 53 laboratory-positive cases in southern Texas; 26 (49%) patients acquired the infection locally, and 29 (55%) were hospitalized. Of 83 patient specimens that were initially IgM negative according to ELISA performed at a commercial laboratory, 14 (17%) were dengue virus positive by real-time reverse transcription PCR performed at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Dengue virus types 1 and 3 were identified, and molecular phylogenetic analysis demonstrated close identity with viruses that had recently circulated in Mexico and Central America. Of 51 household members of 22 dengue case patients who participated in household investigations, 6 (12%) had been recently infected with a dengue virus and reported no recent travel, suggesting intrahousehold transmission. One household member reported having a recent illness consistent with dengue. This outbreak reinforces emergence of dengue in southern Texas, particularly when incidence is high in northern Mexico. C1 [Thomas, Dana L.; Santiago, Gilberto A.; Torres-Velasquez, Brenda; Caraballo, Elba; Hunsperger, Elizabeth; Munoz-Jordan, Jorge L.; Tomashek, Kay M.; Sharp, Tyler M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, San Juan, PR 00920 USA. [Thomas, Dana L.; Adam, Jessica K.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Abeyta, Roman] Cameron Cty Hlth Dept, Harlingen, TX USA. [Abeyta, Roman; Smith, Brian] Texas Dept State Hlth Serv, Harlingen, TX USA. [Hinojosa, Steven] Hidalgo Cty Hlth & Human Serv, Edinburg, TX USA. [Adam, Jessica K.] Div Global Migrat & Quarantine, San Diego, CA USA. [Evert, Nicole; Banicki, Alison; Gaul, Linda] Texas Dept State Hlth Serv, Austin, TX USA. RP Sharp, TM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Dengue Branch, 1324 Calle Canada, San Juan, PR 00920 USA. EM tsharp@cdc.gov FU Texas Department of State Health Services; CDC FX Financial support for this investigation was provided by the Texas Department of State Health Services and CDC. NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 4 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 EI 1080-6059 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD JUN PY 2016 VL 22 IS 6 BP 1002 EP 1007 DI 10.3201/eid2206.152000 PG 6 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA DN0YY UT WOS:000376794200007 PM 27191223 ER PT J AU Nolen, LD Osadebe, L Katomba, J Likofata, J Mukadi, D Monroe, B Doty, J Hughes, CM Kabamba, J Malekani, J Bomponda, PL Lokota, JI Balilo, MP Likafi, T Lushima, RS Ilunga, BK Nkawa, F Pukuta, E Karhemere, S Tamfum, JJM Nguete, B Wemakoy, EO McCollum, AM Reynolds, MG AF Nolen, Leisha Diane Osadebe, Lynda Katomba, Jacques Likofata, Jacques Mukadi, Daniel Monroe, Benjamin Doty, Jeffrey Hughes, Christine Marie Kabamba, Joelle Malekani, Jean Bomponda, Pierre Lokwa Lokota, Jules Inonga Balilo, Marcel Pie Likafi, Toutou Lushima, Robert Shongo Ilunga, Benoit Kebela Nkawa, Frida Pukuta, Elisabeth Karhemere, Stomy Tamfum, Jean-Jacques Muyembe Nguete, Beatrice Wemakoy, Emile Okitolonda McCollum, Andrea M. Reynolds, Mary G. TI Extended Human-to-Human Transmission during a Monkeypox Outbreak in the Democratic Republic of the Congo SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID VIRUS; SMALLPOX; INFECTION; COMMUNITY AB A 600-fold increase in monkeypox cases occurred in the Bokungu Health Zone of the Democratic Republic of the Congo during the second half of 2013; this increase prompted an outbreak investigation. A total of 104 possible cases were reported from this health zone; among 60 suspected cases that were tested, 50 (48.1%) cases were confirmed by laboratory testing, and 10 (9.6%) tested negative for monkeypox virus (MPXV) infection. The household attack rate (i.e., rate of persons living with an infected person that develop symptoms of MPXV infection) was 50%. Nine families showed >= 1 transmission event, and >= 6 transmission events occurred within this health zone. Mean incubation period was 8 days (range 4-14 days). The high attack rate and transmission observed in this study reinforce the importance of surveillance and rapid identification of monkeypox cases. Community education and training are needed to prevent transmission of MPXV infection during outbreaks. C1 [Nolen, Leisha Diane; Osadebe, Lynda; Monroe, Benjamin; Doty, Jeffrey; Hughes, Christine Marie; McCollum, Andrea M.; Reynolds, Mary G.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop E98, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Katomba, Jacques; Likofata, Jacques; Lushima, Robert Shongo; Ilunga, Benoit Kebela] Minstere Sante, Kinshasa, DEM REP CONGO. [Katomba, Jacques; Likofata, Jacques; Kabamba, Joelle] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Kinshasa, DEM REP CONGO. [Mukadi, Daniel; Nkawa, Frida; Pukuta, Elisabeth; Karhemere, Stomy; Tamfum, Jean-Jacques Muyembe] Natl Inst Biomed Res, Kinshasa, DEM REP CONGO. [Malekani, Jean] Univ Kinshasa, Kinshasa, DEM REP CONGO. [Balilo, Marcel Pie; Likafi, Toutou; Nguete, Beatrice; Wemakoy, Emile Okitolonda] Kinshasa Sch Publ Hlth, Kinshasa, DEM REP CONGO. [Bomponda, Pierre Lokwa; Lokota, Jules Inonga] Minstere Sante Tshuapa Hlth Dist, Bokungu, DEM REP CONGO. RP Nolen, LD (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop E98, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM xdf8@cdc.gov NR 20 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 4 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 EI 1080-6059 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD JUN PY 2016 VL 22 IS 6 BP 1014 EP 1021 DI 10.3201/eid2206.150579 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA DN0YY UT WOS:000376794200009 PM 27191380 ER PT J AU Scott, MK Chommanard, C Lu, XY Appelgate, D Grenz, L Schneider, E Gerber, SI Erdman, DD Thomas, A AF Scott, Magdalena Kendall Chommanard, Christina Lu, Xiaoyan Appelgate, Dianna Grenz, LaDonna Schneider, Eileen Gerber, Susan I. Erdman, Dean D. Thomas, Ann TI Human Adenovirus Associated with Severe Respiratory Infection, Oregon, USA, 2013-2014 SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID REAL-TIME PCR; MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY; KOREAN CHILDREN; OUTBREAK; DISEASE; ILLNESS; DNA; PREVALENCE; ADULTS; IMMUNOCOMPETENT AB Several human adenoviruses (HAdVs) can cause respiratory infections, some severe. HAdV-B7, which can cause severe respiratory disease, has not been recently reported in the United States but is reemerging in Asia. During October 2013 July 2014, Oregon health authorities identified 198 persons with respiratory symptoms and an HAdV-positive respiratory tract specimen. Among 136 (69%) hospitalized persons, 31% were admitted to the intensive care unit and 18% required mechanical ventilation; 5 patients died. Molecular typing of 109 specimens showed that most (59%) were HAdV-B7, followed by HAdVs-C1, -C2, -C5 (26%); HAdVs-B3, -B21 (15%); and HAdV-E4 (1%). Molecular analysis of 7 HAdV-B7. isolates identified the virus as genome type d, a strain previously identified only among strains circulating in Asia. Patients with HAdV-B7 were significantly more likely than those without HAdV-B7 to be adults and to have longer hospital stays. HAdV-B7 might be reemerging in the United States, and clinicians should consider HAdV in persons with severe respiratory infection. C1 [Scott, Magdalena Kendall; Thomas, Ann] Oregon Publ Hlth Div, 800 NE Oregon St, Portland, OR 97232 USA. [Chommanard, Christina; Lu, Xiaoyan; Schneider, Eileen; Gerber, Susan I.; Erdman, Dean D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Appelgate, Dianna] PeaceHlth Dept Qual & Improvement, Springfield, OR USA. [Grenz, LaDonna] Oregon Publ Hlth Lab, Hillsboro, OR USA. RP Scott, MK (reprint author), Oregon Publ Hlth Div, 800 NE Oregon St, Portland, OR 97232 USA. EM magdalena.k.scott@state.or.us NR 39 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 1 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 EI 1080-6059 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD JUN PY 2016 VL 22 IS 6 BP 1044 EP 1051 DI 10.3201/eid2206.151898 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA DN0YY UT WOS:000376794200013 PM 27191834 ER PT J AU Lockhart, SR Roe, CC Engelthaler, DM AF Lockhart, Shawn R. Roe, Chandler C. Engelthaler, David M. TI Whole-Genome Analysis of Cryptococcus gattii, Southeastern United States SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID NEOFORMANS; INFECTIONS AB Cryptococcus gattii is a recognized pathogenic fungus along the Pacific coast of the United States from California to Washington. Here we report that C. gattii may also be endemic to the southeastern United States and has probably been present there longer than in the Pacific Northwest. C1 [Lockhart, Shawn R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop G11, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Roe, Chandler C.; Engelthaler, David M.] Translat Genom Res Inst, Flagstaff, AZ USA. RP Lockhart, SR (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop G11, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM gyi2@cdc.gov FU National Center for Biotechnology Information [PRJNA295092]; [R21AI098059] FX The work here was funded in part by research grant R21AI098059 to D.M.E.; All sequences have been deposited with the National Center for Biotechnology Information under BioProject #PRJNA295092. NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 EI 1080-6059 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD JUN PY 2016 VL 22 IS 6 BP 1098 EP 1101 DI 10.3201/eid2206.151455 PG 4 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA DN0YY UT WOS:000376794200024 PM 27191335 ER PT J AU Arciuolo, RJ Rosen, JB Zucker, JR AF Arciuolo, Robert J. Rosen, Jennifer B. Zucker, Jane R. TI Elevated Pertussis Reporting in Response to 2011-2012 Outbreak, New York City, New York, USA SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Letter C1 [Arciuolo, Robert J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Council State & Terr Epidemiologists Appl Epidemi, Atlanta, GA USA. [Arciuolo, Robert J.; Rosen, Jennifer B.; Zucker, Jane R.] New York City Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, New York, NY USA. [Zucker, Jane R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Arciuolo, RJ (reprint author), New York City Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, 42-09 28th St,CN 21, Long Isl City, NY 11101 USA. EM rarciuolo@health.nyc.gov FU NCHM CDC HHS [U38 HM000414] NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 EI 1080-6059 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD JUN PY 2016 VL 22 IS 6 BP 1117 EP 1119 DI 10.3201/eid2206.151514 PG 3 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA DN0YY UT WOS:000376794200030 PM 27191867 ER PT J AU Henry, R AF Henry, Ronnie TI Neisseria SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Henry, Ronnie] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop E03, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. RP Henry, R (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop E03, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM boq3@cdc.gov NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 EI 1080-6059 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD JUN PY 2016 VL 22 IS 6 BP 1141 EP 1141 PG 1 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA DN0YY UT WOS:000376794200042 ER PT J AU Breedlove, B Friedberg, J AF Breedlove, Byron Friedberg, Jared TI Perspective and Surprise in the Floating World SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Breedlove, Byron; Friedberg, Jared] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop C19, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. RP Breedlove, B (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop C19, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM wbb1@cdc.gov OI Breedlove, Byron/0000-0002-1026-1963 NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 EI 1080-6059 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD JUN PY 2016 VL 22 IS 6 BP 1143 EP 1144 DI 10.3201/eid2206.AC2206 PG 2 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA DN0YY UT WOS:000376794200043 ER PT J AU Hauser, R Gaskins, AJ Souter, I Smith, KW Dodge, LE Ehrlich, S Meeker, JD Calafat, AM Williams, PL AF Hauser, Russ Gaskins, Audrey J. Souter, Irene Smith, Kristen W. Dodge, Laura E. Ehrlich, Shelley Meeker, John D. Calafat, Antonia M. Williams, Paige L. CA EARTH Study Team TI Urinary Phthalate Metabolite Concentrations and Reproductive Outcomes among Women Undergoing in Vitro Fertilization: Results from the EARTH Study SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Article ID BISPHENOL-A CONCENTRATIONS; DI(2-ETHYLHEXYL) PHTHALATE; GRANULOSA-CELLS; UNITED-STATES; IVF TREATMENT; DNA-DAMAGE; PREGNANCY; EXPOSURE; SPERM; VARIABILITY AB Background: Evidence from both animal and human studies suggests that exposure to phthalates may be associated with adverse female reproductive outcomes. Objective: We evaluated the associations between urinary concentrations of phthalate metabolites and outcomes of assisted reproductive technologies (ART). Methods: This analysis included 256 women enrolled in the Environment and Reproductive Health (EARTH) prospective cohort study (2004-2012) who provided one to two urine samples per cycle before oocyte retrieval. We measured 11 urinary phthalate metabolites [ mono(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (MEHP), mono(2-ethyl-5-hydroxyhexyl) phthalate (MEHHP), mono(2-ethyl-5-oxohexyl) phthalate (MEOHP), mono(2-ethyl-5-carboxypentyl) phthalate (MECPP), mono-isobutyl phthalate (MiBP), mono-n-butyl phthalate (MBP), monobenzyl phthalate (MBzP), monoethyl phthalate (MEP), monocarboxyisooctyl phthalate (MCOP), monocarboxyisononyl phthalate (MCNP), and mono(3-carboxypropyl) phthalate (MCPP)]. We used generalized linear mixed models to evaluate the association of urinary phthalate metabolites with in vitro fertilization (IVF) outcomes, accounting for multiple IVF cycles per woman. Results: In multivariate models, women in the highest as compared with lowest quartile of MEHP, MEHHP, MEOHP, MECPP, Sigma DEHP (MEHP + MEHHP + MEOHP + MECPP), and MCNP had lower oocyte yield. Similarly, the number of mature (MII) oocytes retrieved was lower in the highest versus lowest quartile for these same phthalate metabolites. The adjusted differences (95% CI) in proportion of cycles resulting in clinical pregnancy and live birth between women in the fourth versus first quartile of Sigma DEHP were -0.19 (-0.29, -0.08) and -0.19 (-0.28, -0.08), respectively, and there was also a lower proportion of cycles resulting in clinical pregnancy and live birth for individual DEHP metabolites. Conclusions: Urinary concentrations of DEHP metabolites were inversely associated with oocyte yield, clinical pregnancy, and live birth following ART. C1 [Hauser, Russ; Smith, Kristen W.] Harvard Univ, TH Chan Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Hauser, Russ; Gaskins, Audrey J.; Dodge, Laura E.; Williams, Paige L.] Harvard Univ, TH Chan Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Hauser, Russ; Souter, Irene] Harvard Univ, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Sch Med, Massachusetts Gen Hosp,Fertil Ctr, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Gaskins, Audrey J.] Harvard Univ, Dept Nutr, TH Chan Sch Publ Hlth, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Ehrlich, Shelley] Cincinnati Childrens Hosp Med Ctr, Cincinnati, OH 45229 USA. [Meeker, John D.] Univ Michigan, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Calafat, Antonia M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Williams, Paige L.] Harvard Univ, TH Chan Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Biostat, Boston, MA 02115 USA. RP Hauser, R (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth, Environm & Occupat Med & Epidemiol Program, Bldg 1,Room 1409,665 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA 02115 USA. EM rhauser@hsph.harvard.edu FU National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) [ES009718, ES022955, ES000002, T32ES007069]; National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health [T32HD060454] FX This work was supported by grants ES009718, ES022955, ES000002, and T32ES007069 from the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) and grant T32HD060454 from the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health. NR 52 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 8 U2 20 PU US DEPT HEALTH HUMAN SCIENCES PUBLIC HEALTH SCIENCE PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA NATL INST HEALTH, NATL INST ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES, PO BOX 12233, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-2233 USA SN 0091-6765 EI 1552-9924 J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP JI Environ. Health Perspect. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 124 IS 6 BP 831 EP 839 DI 10.1289/ehp.1509760 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA DN5BO UT WOS:000377081300027 PM 26545148 ER PT J AU Steinmaus, C Pearl, M Kharrazi, M Blount, BC Miller, MD Pearce, EN Valentin-Blasini, L DeLorenze, G Hoofnagle, AN Liaw, J AF Steinmaus, Craig Pearl, Michelle Kharrazi, Martin Blount, Benjamin C. Miller, Mark D. Pearce, Elizabeth N. Valentin-Blasini, Liza DeLorenze, Gerald Hoofnagle, Andrew N. Liaw, Jane TI Thyroid Hormones and Moderate Exposure to Perchlorate during Pregnancy in Women in Southern California SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Article ID NUTRITION EXAMINATION SURVEY; UNITED-STATES POPULATION; SODIUM-IODIDE SYMPORTER; THIOCYANATE EXPOSURE; NATIONAL-HEALTH; DRINKING-WATER; NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT; ENDEMIC GOITER; US POPULATION; NHANES-III AB Background: Findings from national surveys suggest that everyone in the United States is exposed to perchlorate. At high doses, perchlorate, thiocyanate, and nitrate inhibit iodide uptake into the thyroid and decrease thyroid hormone production. Small changes in thyroid hormones during pregnancy, including changes within normal reference ranges, have been linked to cognitive function declines in the offspring. Objectives: We evaluated the potential effects of low environmental exposures to perchlorate on thyroid function. Methods: Serum thyroid hormones and anti-thyroid antibodies and urinary perchlorate, thiocyanate, nitrate, and iodide concentrations were measured in 1,880 pregnant women from San Diego County, California, during 2000-2003, a period when much of the area's water supply was contaminated from an industrial plant with perchlorate at levels near the 2007 California regulatory standard of 6 mu g/L. Linear regression was used to evaluate associations between urinary perchlorate and serum thyroid hormone concentrations in models adjusted for urinary creatinine and thiocyanate, maternal age and education, ethnicity, and gestational age at serum collection. Results: The median urinary perchlorate concentration was 6.5 mu g/L, about two times higher than in the general U.S. population. Adjusted associations were identified between increasing log(10) perchlorate and decreasing total thyroxine (T4) [regression coefficient (beta) = -0.70; 95% CI: -1.06, -0.34], decreasing free thyroxine (fT4) (beta = -0.053; 95% CI: -0.092, -0.013), and increasing log10 thyroid-stimulating hormone (beta = 0.071; 95% CI: 0.008, 0.133). Conclusions: These results suggest that environmental perchlorate exposures may affect thyroid hormone production during pregnancy. This could have implications for public health given widespread perchlorate exposure and the importance of thyroid hormone in fetal neurodevelopment. C1 [Steinmaus, Craig] Calif Environm Protect Agcy, Off Environm Hlth Hazard Assessment, Oakland, CA USA. [Steinmaus, Craig; Liaw, Jane] Univ Calif Berkeley, Sch Publ Hlth, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Pearl, Michelle] Sequoia Fdn, La Jolla, CA USA. [Kharrazi, Martin] Calif Dept Publ Hlth, Environm Hlth Invest Branch, Richmond, CA USA. [Blount, Benjamin C.; Valentin-Blasini, Liza] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sci Lab, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Miller, Mark D.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Pediat Environm Hlth Specialty Unit, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Pearce, Elizabeth N.] Boston Univ, Sch Med, Sect Endocrinol Diabet & Nutr, Boston, MA 02118 USA. [DeLorenze, Gerald] Kaiser Permanente No Calif, Div Res, Oakland, CA USA. [Hoofnagle, Andrew N.] Univ Washington, Dept Lab Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Steinmaus, C (reprint author), Off Environm Hlth Hazard Assessment, 1515 Clay St,16th Floor, Oakland, CA 94612 USA. EM craigs@berkeley.edu OI Miller, Mark/0000-0002-9301-0093 FU National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health [R01ES020365] FX This project was funded by grant R01ES020365 from the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health. NR 59 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 10 U2 15 PU US DEPT HEALTH HUMAN SCIENCES PUBLIC HEALTH SCIENCE PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA NATL INST HEALTH, NATL INST ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES, PO BOX 12233, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-2233 USA SN 0091-6765 EI 1552-9924 J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP JI Environ. Health Perspect. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 124 IS 6 BP 861 EP 867 DI 10.1289/ehp.1409614 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA DN5BO UT WOS:000377081300031 PM 26485730 ER PT J AU McClure, RJ Mack, K Wilkins, N Davey, TM AF McClure, R. J. Mack, K. Wilkins, N. Davey, T. M. TI Injury prevention as social change SO INJURY PREVENTION LA English DT Editorial Material ID HEALTH INTERVENTIONS; POPULATION C1 [McClure, R. J.; Mack, K.; Wilkins, N.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA USA. [Davey, T. M.] Univ Queensland, Sch Publ Hlth, Brisbane, Qld, Australia. RP McClure, RJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, DARPI, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, 4770 Buford Highway NE,MS F-62, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM rmcclure@cdc.gov NR 27 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU BMJ PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 1353-8047 EI 1475-5785 J9 INJURY PREV JI Inj. Prev. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 22 IS 3 BP 226 EP 229 DI 10.1136/injuryprev-2015-041838 PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DN5MU UT WOS:000377113800011 PM 26658342 ER PT J AU Houry, D AF Houry, Debra TI Saving lives and protecting people from injuries and violence SO INJURY PREVENTION LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Houry, Debra] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Houry, D (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM vjz7@cdc.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BMJ PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 1353-8047 EI 1475-5785 J9 INJURY PREV JI Inj. Prev. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 22 IS 3 BP 230 EP 230 DI 10.1136/injuryprev-2016-042050 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DN5MU UT WOS:000377113800012 PM 27089892 ER PT J AU Boulet, SL Kirby, RS Reefhuis, J Zhang, YJ Sunderam, S Cohen, B Bernson, D Copeland, G Bailey, MA Jamieson, DJ Kissin, DM AF Boulet, Sheree L. Kirby, Russell S. Reefhuis, Jennita Zhang, Yujia Sunderam, Saswati Cohen, Bruce Bernson, Dana Copeland, Glenn Bailey, Marie A. Jamieson, Denise J. Kissin, Dmitry M. CA SMART Collaborative TI Assisted Reproductive Technology and Birth Defects Among Liveborn Infants in Florida, Massachusetts, and Michigan, 2000-2010 SO JAMA PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article ID IN-VITRO FERTILIZATION; INTRACYTOPLASMIC SPERM INJECTION; MAJOR CONGENITAL-ANOMALIES; UNITED-STATES; PRENATAL-DIAGNOSIS; INCREASED RISK; CHILDREN BORN; DOWN-SYNDROME; MALFORMATIONS; METAANALYSIS AB IMPORTANCE Use of assisted reproductive technology (ART) has been associated with increased risks for birth defects. Variations in birth defect risks according to type of ART procedure have been noted, but findings are inconsistent. OBJECTIVES To examine the prevalence of birth defects among liveborn infants conceived with and without ART and to evaluate risks associated with certain ART procedures among ART-conceived infants. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS Used linked ART surveillance, birth certificates, and birth defects registry data for 3 states (Florida, Massachusetts, and Michigan). Methods for ascertaining birth defect cases varied by state. Resident live births during 2000 to 2010 were included, and the analysis was conducted between Feburary 2015 and August 2015. EXPOSURES Use of ART among all live births and use of certain ART procedures among ART births. MAIN OUTCOME AND MEASURES Prevalence of selected chromosomal and nonchromosomal birth defects that are usually diagnosed at or immediately after birth. RESULTS Of the 4 618 076 liveborn infants between 2000 and 2010, 64 861 (1.4%) were conceived using ART. Overall, the prevalence of 1 or more of the selected nonchromosomal defects was 58.59 per 10 000 for ART infants (n = 389) vs 47.50 per 10 000 for non-ART infants (n = 22 036). The association remained significant after adjusting for maternal characteristics and year of birth (adjusted risk ratio [aRR], 1.28; 95% CI, 1.15-1.42). Similar differences were observed for singleton ART births vs their non-ART counterparts (63.69 per 10 000 [n = 218] vs 47.17 per 10 000 [n = 21 251]; aRR, 1.38; 95% CI, 1.21-1.59). Among multiple births, the prevalence of rectal and large intestinal atresia/stenosis was higher for ART births compared with non-ART births (aRR, 2.39; 95% CI, 1.38-4.12). Among ART births conceived after fresh embryo transfer, infants born to mothers with ovulation disorders had a higher prevalence of nonchromosomal birth defects (aRR, 1.53; 95% CI, 1.13-2.06) than those born to mothers without the diagnosis, and use of assisted hatching was associated with birth defects among singleton births (aRR, 1.55; 95% CI, 1.10-2.19). Multiplicity-adjusted P values for these associations were greater than .05. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Infants conceived after ART had a higher prevalence of certain birth defects. Assisted hatching and diagnosis of ovulation disorder were marginally associated with increased risks for nonchromosomal birth defects; however, these associations may be caused by other underlying factors. C1 [Boulet, Sheree L.; Zhang, Yujia; Sunderam, Saswati; Jamieson, Denise J.; Kissin, Dmitry M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, 4770 Buford Hwy,MS F-74, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Kirby, Russell S.] Univ S Florida, Tampa, FL USA. [Reefhuis, Jennita] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Cohen, Bruce; Bernson, Dana] Massachusetts Dept Publ Hlth, Boston, MA USA. [Copeland, Glenn] Michigan Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Lansing, MI USA. [Bailey, Marie A.] Florida Dept Hlth, Tallahassee, FL USA. RP Boulet, SL (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, 4770 Buford Hwy,MS F-74, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM SBoulet@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 39 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 4 U2 10 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 330 N WABASH AVE, STE 39300, CHICAGO, IL 60611-5885 USA SN 2168-6203 EI 2168-6211 J9 JAMA PEDIATR JI JAMA Pediatr. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 170 IS 6 AR e154934 DI 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2015.4934 PG 9 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA DN6LC UT WOS:000377185000001 PM 27043648 ER PT J AU Millman, AJ Finelli, L Bramley, AM Peacock, G Williams, DJ Arnold, SR Grijalva, CG Anderson, EJ McCullers, JA Ampofo, K Pavia, AT Edwards, KM Jain, S AF Millman, Alexander J. Finelli, Lyn Bramley, Anna M. Peacock, Georgina Williams, Derek J. Arnold, Sandra R. Grijalva, Carlos G. Anderson, Evan J. McCullers, Jonathan A. Ampofo, Krow Pavia, Andrew T. Edwards, Kathryn M. Jain, Seema TI Community-Acquired Pneumonia Hospitalization among Children with Neurologic Disorders SO JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article ID IMMUNIZATION PRACTICES ACIP; 2009 PANDEMIC INFLUENZA; UNITED-STATES; OROPHARYNGEAL ASPIRATION; ADVISORY-COMMITTEE; CEREBRAL-PALSY; DISEASE; IMPAIRMENT; DEATHS; RECOMMENDATIONS AB Objective To describe and compare the clinical characteristics, outcomes, and etiology of pneumonia among children hospitalized with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) with neurologic disorders, non-neurologic underlying conditions, and no underlying conditions. Study design Children <18 years old hospitalized with clinical and radiographic CAP were enrolled at 3 US children's hospitals. Neurologic disorders included cerebral palsy, developmental delay, Down syndrome, epilepsy, non-Down syndrome chromosomal abnormalities, and spinal cord abnormalities. We compared the epidemiology, etiology, and clinical outcomes of CAP in children with neurologic disorders with those with non-neurologic underlying conditions, and those with no underlying conditions using bivariate, age-stratified, and multivariate logistic regression analyses. Results From January 2010-June 2012, 2358 children with radiographically confirmed CAP were enrolled; 280 (11.9%) had a neurologic disorder (52.1% of these individuals also had non-neurologic underlying conditions), 934 (39.6%) had non-neurologic underlying conditions only, and 1144 (48.5%) had no underlying conditions. Children with neurologic disorders were older and more likely to require intensive care unit (ICU) admission than children with non-neurologic underlying conditions and children with no underlying conditions; similar proportions were mechanically ventilated. In age-stratified analysis, children with neurologic disorders were less likely to have a pathogen detected than children with non-neurologic underlying conditions. In multivariate analysis, having a neurologic disorder was associated with ICU admission for children >= 2 years of age. Conclusions Children with neurologic disorders hospitalized with CAP were less likely to have a pathogen detected and more likely to be admitted to the ICU than children without neurologic disorders. C1 [Millman, Alexander J.; Finelli, Lyn; Bramley, Anna M.; Jain, Seema] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, 1600 Clifton Rd,Mailstop G-37, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Millman, Alexander J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Peacock, Georgina] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Williams, Derek J.; Grijalva, Carlos G.; Edwards, Kathryn M.] Vanderbilt Univ, Sch Med, Nashville, TN 37212 USA. [Arnold, Sandra R.; McCullers, Jonathan A.] Univ Tennessee, Le Bonheur Childrens Hosp, Hlth Sci Ctr, Memphis, TN USA. [Arnold, Sandra R.; McCullers, Jonathan A.] Univ Tennessee, Le Bonheur Childrens Hosp, Hlth Sci Ctr, Memphis, TN USA. [Anderson, Evan J.] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Atlanta, GA USA. [McCullers, Jonathan A.] St Jude Childrens Res Hosp, 332 N Lauderdale St, Memphis, TN 38105 USA. [Ampofo, Krow; Pavia, Andrew T.] Univ Utah, Hlth Sci Ctr, Salt Lake City, UT USA. RP Millman, AJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, 1600 Clifton Rd,Mailstop G-37, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM amillman@cdc.gov FU Influenza Division in the National Center for Immunizations and Respiratory Diseases at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Utah [U18IP000491]; Influenza Division in the National Center for Immunizations and Respiratory Diseases at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Nashville [U18IP000488]; Influenza Division in the National Center for Immunizations and Respiratory Diseases at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Memphis [U18IP000489]; Glaxo Smith Kline; MedImmune; Roche; Abbvie; BioFire Diagnostics, Inc from the National Institutes of Health [NCT01878383]; Antimicrobial Therapy Inc; Medscape Inc; BioFire Diagnostics Inc.; Vanderbilt University from Novartis FX The Etiology of Pneumonia in the Community (EPIC) study is supported by the Influenza Division in the National Center for Immunizations and Respiratory Diseases at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) through cooperative agreements with each study site and was based on a competitive research funding opportunity (Utah: U18IP000491; Nashville: U18IP000488; and Memphis: U18IP000489). S. A. is supported by Glaxo Smith Kline. E. A. is supported by MedImmune, Roche, and Abbvie. K. A. is supported by BioFire Diagnostics, Inc (formerly Idaho Technology, Inc) on grants from the National Institutes of Health (Clinical Trial NCT01878383). A. P. is supported by Antimicrobial Therapy Inc, Medscape Inc, and BioFire Diagnostics Inc. K. E. is supported by Vanderbilt University from Novartis. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the CDC. The other authors declare no conflicts of interest. NR 33 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 5 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0022-3476 EI 1097-6833 J9 J PEDIATR-US JI J. Pediatr. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 173 BP 188 EP + DI 10.1016/j.jpeds.2016.02.049 PG 12 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA DN0QZ UT WOS:000376770200040 PM 27017483 ER PT J AU Lamb, MM West, NA Ouyang, LJ Yang, M Weitzenkamp, D James, K Ciafaloni, E Pandya, S DiGuiseppi, C AF Lamb, Molly M. West, Nancy A. Ouyang, Lijing Yang, Michele Weitzenkamp, David James, Katherine Ciafaloni, Emma Pandya, Shree DiGuiseppi, Carolyn CA Muscular Dystrophy Surveillance Re TI Corticosteroid Treatment and Growth Patterns in Ambulatory Males with Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy SO JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article ID NETWORK MD STARNET; LONG-TERM BENEFITS; BODY-MASS INDEX; PREDNISONE THERAPY; CONTROLLED-TRIAL; GLUCOCORTICOID TREATMENT; SURVEILLANCE TRACKING; DEFLAZACORT TREATMENT; NATURAL-HISTORY; SHORT STATURE AB Objectives To evaluate growth patterns of ambulatory males with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) treated with corticosteroids compared with ambulatory, steroid-naive males with DMD and age-matched unaffected general-population males and to test associations between growth and steroid treatment patterns among treated males. Study design Using data from the Muscular Dystrophy Surveillance, Tracking, and Research Network, we identified a total of 1768 height, 2246 weight, and 1755 body mass index (BMI) measurements between age 2 and 12 years for 324 ambulatory males who were treated with corticosteroids for at least 6 months. Growth curve comparisons and linear mixed-effects modeling, adjusted for race/ethnicity and birth year, were used to evaluate growth and steroid treatment patterns (age at initiation, dosing interval, duration, cumulative dose). Results Growth curves for ambulatory males treated with corticosteroids showed significantly shorter stature, heavier weight, and greater BMI compared with ambulatory, steroid-naive males with DMD and general-population US males. Adjusted linear mixed-effects models for ambulatory males treated with corticosteroids showed that earlier initiation, daily dosing, longer duration, and greater dosages predicted shorter stature with prednisone. Longer duration and greater dosages predicted shorter stature for deflazacort. Daily prednisone dosing predicted lighter weight, but longer duration, and greater dosages predicted heavier weight. Early initiation, less than daily dosing, longer duration, and greater doses predicted greater BMIs. Deflazacort predicted shorter stature, but lighter weight, compared with prednisone. Conclusion Prolonged steroid use is significantly associated with short stature and heavier weight. Growth alterations associated with steroid treatment should be considered when making treatment decisions for males with DMD. C1 [Lamb, Molly M.; West, Nancy A.; James, Katherine; DiGuiseppi, Carolyn] Colorado Sch Publ Hlth, Aurora, CO USA. [West, Nancy A.] Univ Mississippi, Med Ctr, Jackson, MS 39216 USA. [Ouyang, Lijing] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Yang, Michele; Weitzenkamp, David] Childrens Hosp Colorado, Aurora, CO USA. [Ciafaloni, Emma; Pandya, Shree] Univ Rochester, Rochester, NY USA. RP Lamb, MM (reprint author), Univ Colorado Denver, Colorado Sch Publ Hlth, Bldg 500,13001 E 17th Pl,Mail Stop C245, Aurora, CO 80045 USA. EM Molly.Lamb@ucdenver.edu FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [DD000187, DD000189, DD000190, DD000191] FX Supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention ( DD000187, DD000189, DD000190, and DD000191). Its contents are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention or the Department of Health and Human Services. The authors declare no conflicts of interest. NR 46 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 7 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0022-3476 EI 1097-6833 J9 J PEDIATR-US JI J. Pediatr. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 173 BP 207 EP + DI 10.1016/j.jpeds.2016.02.067 PG 10 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA DN0QZ UT WOS:000376770200043 PM 27039228 ER PT J AU Shults, RA Haegerich, TM Bhat, G Zhang, XJ AF Shults, Ruth A. Haegerich, Tamara M. Bhat, Geeta Zhang, Xinjian TI Teens and seat belt use: What makes them click? SO JOURNAL OF SAFETY RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Motor vehicles; Seat belts; Risk factors; Policy; Teen passenger belt use ID FULLY CONDITIONAL SPECIFICATION; HIGH-SCHOOL-STUDENTS; UNITED-STATES; SUBSTANCE USE; BEHAVIORS; DRIVERS; PREVENTION; RISK; LAWS; PREVALENCE AB Problem: Motor vehide crashes kill more adolescents in the United States than any other cause, and often the teen is not wearing a seat belt. Methods: Using data from the 2011 Youth Risk Behavior Surveys from 38 states, we examined teens' self-reported seat belt use while riding as a passenger and identified individual characteristics and environmental factors associated with always wearing a seat belt Results: Only 51% of high school students living in 38 states reported always wearing a seat belt when riding as a passenger; prevalence varied from 32% in South Dakota to 65% in Delaware. Seat belt use was 11 percentage points lower in states with secondary enforcement seat belt laws compared to states with primary enforcement laws. Racial/ethnic minorities, teens living in states with secondary enforcement seat belt laws, and those engaged in substance use were least likely to always wear their seat belts. The likelihood of always being belted declined steadily as the number of substance use behaviors increased. Discussion: Seat belt use among teens in the United States remains unacceptably low. Results suggest that environmental influences can compound individual risk factors, contributing to even lower seat belt use among some subgroups. Practical applications: This study provides the most comprehensive state-level estimates to date of seat belt use among U.S. teens. This information can be useful when considering policy options to increase seat belt use and for targeting injury prevention interventions to high-risk teens. States can best increase teen seat belt use by making evidence-informed decisions about state policy options and prevention strategies. (C) 2016 National Safety Council and Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Shults, Ruth A.; Haegerich, Tamara M.; Bhat, Geeta; Zhang, Xinjian] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, 4770 Buford Hwy NE,MS F62, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Shults, RA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, 4770 Buford Hwy NE,MS F62, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM rshults@cdc.gov NR 47 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 5 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0022-4375 EI 1879-1247 J9 J SAFETY RES JI J. Saf. Res. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 57 BP 19 EP 25 DI 10.1016/j.jsr.2016.03.003 PG 7 WC Ergonomics; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Social Sciences, Interdisciplinary; Transportation SC Engineering; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Social Sciences - Other Topics; Transportation GA DN1EQ UT WOS:000376809500003 PM 27178075 ER PT J AU Houry, D Baldwin, G AF Houry, Debra Baldwin, Grant TI Announcing the CDC guideline for prescribing opioids for chronic pain SO JOURNAL OF SAFETY RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Opioids; Chronic pain; Prescription drug AB This guideline provides recommendations for primary care providers who are prescribing opioids for chronic pain outside of active cancer treatment, palliative care, and end-of-life care. The guideline addresses: (a) when to initiate or continue opioids for chronic pain; (b) opioid selection, dosage, duration, follow-up, and discontinuation; and (c) assessing risk and addressing harms of opioid use. This guideline is intended to improve communication between providers and patients about the risks and benefits of opioid therapy for chronic pain, improve the safety and effectiveness of pain treatment, and reduce the risks associated with long-term opioid therapy, including abuse, dependence, overdose, and death (Dowell D, Haegerich TM, Chou R. CDC Guideline for Prescribing Opioids for Chronic Pain - United States, 2016. MMWR Recomm Rep 2016;65:1-49. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.rr6501e1.) (C) 2016 National Safety Council and Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Houry, Debra; Baldwin, Grant] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, 4770 Buford Highway NE, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Houry, D (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, 4770 Buford Highway NE, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM Vjz7@cdc.gov NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0022-4375 EI 1879-1247 J9 J SAFETY RES JI J. Saf. Res. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 57 BP 83 EP 84 DI 10.1016/j.jsr.2016.03.007 PG 2 WC Ergonomics; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Social Sciences, Interdisciplinary; Transportation SC Engineering; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Social Sciences - Other Topics; Transportation GA DN1EQ UT WOS:000376809500011 PM 27178083 ER PT J AU Yang, H Carney, PJ Mishin, VP Guo, Z Chang, JC Wentworth, DE Gubareva, LV Stevens, J AF Yang, Hua Carney, Paul J. Mishin, Vasiliy P. Guo, Zhu Chang, Jessie C. Wentworth, David E. Gubareva, Larisa V. Stevens, James TI Molecular Characterizations of Surface Proteins Hemagglutinin and Neuraminidase from Recent H5Nx Avian Influenza Viruses SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID RECEPTOR-BINDING SPECIFICITY; A VIRUSES; STRUCTURAL-ANALYSIS; SIALIC-ACID; AMINO-ACID; PATHOGENICITY; EVOLUTION; SITE; RESOLUTION; COMPLEX AB During 2014, a subclade 2.3.4.4 highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) A(H5N8) virus caused poultry outbreaks around the world. In late 2014/early 2015, the virus was detected in wild birds in Canada and the United States, and these viruses also gave rise to reassortant progeny, composed of viral RNA segments (vRNAs) from both Eurasian and North American lineages. In particular, viruses were found with N1, N2, and N8 neuraminidase vRNAs, and these are collectively referred to as H5Nx viruses. In the United States, more than 48 million domestic birds have been affected. Here we present a detailed structural and biochemical analysis of the surface antigens of H5N1, H5N2, and H5N8 viruses in addition to those of a recent human H5N6 virus. Our results with recombinant hemagglutinin reveal that these viruses have a strict avian receptor binding preference, while recombinantly expressed neuraminidases are sensitive to FDA-approved and investigational antivirals. Although H5Nx viruses currently pose a low risk to humans, it is important to maintain surveillance of these circulating viruses and to continually assess future changes that may increase their pandemic potential. IMPORTANCE The H5Nx viruses emerging in North America, Europe, and Asia pose a great public health concern. Here we report a molecular and structural study of the major surface proteins of several H5Nx influenza viruses. Our results improve the understanding of these new viruses and provide important information on their receptor preferences and susceptibilities to antivirals, which are central to pandemic risk assessment. C1 [Yang, Hua; Carney, Paul J.; Mishin, Vasiliy P.; Guo, Zhu; Chang, Jessie C.; Wentworth, David E.; Gubareva, Larisa V.; Stevens, James] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Stevens, J (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. EM fwb4@cdc.gov OI Wentworth, David/0000-0002-5190-980X FU HHS \ Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) FX This work was funded by HHS vertical bar Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). NR 75 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 4 U2 12 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0022-538X EI 1098-5514 J9 J VIROL JI J. Virol. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 90 IS 12 BP 5770 EP 5784 DI 10.1128/JVI.00180-16 PG 15 WC Virology SC Virology GA DN7AL UT WOS:000377227600023 PM 27053557 ER PT J AU Kerubo, E Laserson, KF Otecko, N Odhiambo, C Mason, L Nyothach, E Oruko, KO Bauman, A Vulule, J Zeh, C Phillips-Howard, PA AF Kerubo, Emily Laserson, Kayla F. Otecko, Newton Odhiambo, Collins Mason, Linda Nyothach, Elizabeth Oruko, Kelvin O. Bauman, Ashley Vulule, John Zeh, Clement Phillips-Howard, Penelope A. TI Prevalence of reproductive tract infections and the predictive value of girls' symptom-based reporting: findings from a cross-sectional survey in rural western Kenya SO SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS LA English DT Article ID RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; 4 AFRICAN CITIES/; BACTERIAL VAGINOSIS; SEXUAL-BEHAVIOR; HUMAN-PAPILLOMAVIRUS; SYNDROMIC APPROACH; HIV-INFECTION; SOUTH-AFRICA; YOUNG-WOMEN; RISK AB Objectives Reproductive tract infections (RTIs), including sexually acquired, among adolescent girls is a public health concern, but few studies have measured prevalence in low-middle-income countries. The objective of this study was to examine prevalence in rural schoolgirls in Kenya against their reported symptoms. Methods In 2013, a survey was conducted in 542 adolescent schoolgirls aged 14-17 years who were enrolled in a menstrual feasibility study. Vaginal self-swabbing was conducted after girls were interviewed face-to-face by trained nurses on symptoms. The prevalence of girls with symptoms and laboratory-confirmed infections, and the sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values of symptoms compared with laboratory results, were calculated. Results Of 515 girls agreeing to self-swab, 510 answered symptom questions. A quarter (24%) reported one or more symptoms; most commonly vaginal discharge (11%), pain (9%) or itching (4%). Laboratory tests confirmed 28% of girls had one or more RTI. Prevalence rose with age; among girls aged 1617 years, 33% had infections. Bacterial vaginosis was the most common (18%), followed by Candida albicans (9%), Chlamydia trachomatis (3%), Trichomonas vaginalis (3%) and Neisseria gonorrhoeae (1%). Reported symptoms had a low sensitivity and positive predictive value. Three-quarters of girls with bacterial vaginosis and C. albicans, and 50% with T. vaginalis were asymptomatic. Conclusions There is a high prevalence of adolescent schoolgirls with RTI in rural Kenya. Public efforts are required to identify and treat infections among girls to reduce longer-term sequelae but poor reliability of symptom reporting minimises utility of symptom-based diagnosis in this population. C1 [Kerubo, Emily; Otecko, Newton; Odhiambo, Collins; Nyothach, Elizabeth; Oruko, Kelvin O.; Vulule, John; Phillips-Howard, Penelope A.] Kenya Med Res Inst KEMRI Kisumu, Ctr Global Hlth Res, Kisumu, Kenya. [Laserson, Kayla F.] Centers Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Ctr Global Hlth, Div Global Hlth Protect, Atlanta, GA USA. [Mason, Linda; Bauman, Ashley; Phillips-Howard, Penelope A.] Univ Liverpool, Liverpool Sch Trop Med, Dept Clin Sci, Pembroke Pl, Liverpool L3 5QA, Merseyside, England. [Zeh, Clement] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Kisumu, Kenya. RP Phillips-Howard, PA (reprint author), Univ Liverpool, Liverpool Sch Trop Med, Dept Clin Sci, Pembroke Pl, Liverpool L3 5QA, Merseyside, England. EM Penelope.Phillips-Howard@lstmed.ac.uk FU UK Joint Global Health Trials award [G1100677/1] FX This study was funded by the UK Joint Global Health Trials award as part of the menstrual feasibility study (grant G1100677/1). NR 30 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU BMJ PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 1368-4973 EI 1472-3263 J9 SEX TRANSM INFECT JI Sex. Transm. Infect. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 92 IS 4 BP 251 EP 256 DI 10.1136/sextrans-2015-052371 PG 6 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA DN2UM UT WOS:000376918500003 PM 26819339 ER PT J AU Han, LF Zhou, C Li, ZJ Poon, AN Rou, K Fuller, S Li, Y Shen, LM Kang, DM Huang, L Liao, MZ Fu, XB Shepard, C Wu, ZY Bulterys, M AF Han, Lifeng Zhou, Chu Li, Zhijun Poon, Adrienne N. Rou, Keming Fuller, Serena Li, Yan Shen, Limei Kang, Dianmin Huang, Lu Liao, Meizhen Fu, Xiaobing Shepard, Colin Wu, Zunyou Bulterys, Marc TI Differences in risk behaviours and HIV/STI prevalence between low-fee and medium-fee female sex workers in three provinces in China SO SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS LA English DT Article ID SEXUALLY-TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS; CONDOM USE; YUNNAN PROVINCE; KAIYUAN CITY; SOUTHERN CHINA; MAINLAND CHINA; HIV-INFECTION; PREVENTION; INTERVENTIONS; MIGRATION AB Objectives To better understand risk behaviours and factors associated with low-fee female sex workers (FSW) and support HIV/sexually transmitted infections (STI) epidemic control among this key population in China. Methods A cross-sectional study using convenience sampling to recruit 1487 eligible low-fee and medium-fee FSW was conducted in 2012 in three provinces. The participants were interviewed using a structured questionnaire and tested for HIV-1, herpes simplex virus (HSV)-2 and syphilis antibody. Log-binomial modelling was used to estimate prevalence ratios (PR) and examine factors associated with low-fee sex work. Results Prevalence of HIV-1, syphilis and HSV-2 antibody positive were 0.5%, 4.8% and 27.8%, respectively. Low-fee FSW were more likely to have HSV-2 infection (adjusted prevalence ratio (APR)=1.3, 95% CI 1.1 to 1.7), but not more likely to have HIV-1 and syphilis infection compared with medium-fee FSW. Compared with medium-fee FSW, low-fee FSW were more likely to be >= 35 years of age (APR=2.1, 95% CI 1.3 to 3.6), engage in sex work >= 6 days/per week (APR=1.7, 95% CI 1.2 to 2.6), have >= 3 clients per day (APR=2.2, 95% CI 1.5 to 3.3), have clients decide condom use (APR=1.6, 95% CI 1.1 to 2.3), fail to persuade clients to use condoms (APR=1.6, 95% CI 1.1 to 2.6), express willingness to have unprotected sex in return for receipt of a higher fee (APR=1.8, 95% CI 1.2 to 2.8), have had genital symptoms in the past year (APR=1.4, 95% CI 1.1 to 1.8) and have migrated from another city. Conclusions Low-fee FSW in China have unique risks for acquiring HIV/STI, in part due to greater economic pressures. Tailored interventions targeting low-fee FSW and incorporating their prevailing perception of HIV/STI risks and condom use negotiation challenges that they face are urgently needed. C1 [Han, Lifeng; Li, Zhijun; Poon, Adrienne N.; Fuller, Serena; Shepard, Colin; Bulterys, Marc] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Global AIDS Programme GAP, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Zhou, Chu; Rou, Keming; Wu, Zunyou] Chinese Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr AIDS STD Control & Prevent, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Li, Yan; Fu, Xiaobing] Guangdong Prov Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Dept HIV AIDS, Guangzhou, Guangdong, Peoples R China. [Shen, Limei; Huang, Lu] Guizhou Prov Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Dept HIV AIDS STD, Guiyang, Peoples R China. [Kang, Dianmin; Liao, Meizhen] Shandong Prov Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Jinan, Peoples R China. [Bulterys, Marc] CDC, Div Global HIV AIDS, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Han, LF (reprint author), US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Global Programme AIDS, Dongwai Diplomat Off, Suite 601,23 Dongzhimenwai Dajie, Beijing 100600, Peoples R China. EM hlf@cn.cdc.gov FU President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief from the HHS/Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (US CDC), Global AIDS Programme [5 U2G PS001188]; Guizhou provincial CDC; Guangdong provincial CDC; Shandong provincial CDC; National Center for AIDS Prevention of China CDC FX This publication was made possible by support from the President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief through cooperative agreement [5 U2G PS001188] from the HHS/Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (US CDC), Global AIDS Programme as well as by the Guizhou, Guangdong and Shandong provincial CDCs and the National Center for AIDS Prevention of China CDC. NR 30 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 8 PU BMJ PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 1368-4973 EI 1472-3263 J9 SEX TRANSM INFECT JI Sex. Transm. Infect. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 92 IS 4 BP 309 EP 315 DI 10.1136/sextrans-2015-052173 PG 7 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA DN2UM UT WOS:000376918500018 PM 26474599 ER PT J AU Medek, DE Beggs, PJ Erbas, B Jaggard, AK Campbell, BC Vicendese, D Johnston, FH Godwin, I Huete, AR Green, BJ Burton, PK Bowman, DMJS Newnham, RM Katelaris, CH Haberle, SG Newbigin, E Davies, JM AF Medek, Danielle E. Beggs, Paul J. Erbas, Bircan Jaggard, Alison K. Campbell, Bradley C. Vicendese, Don Johnston, Fay H. Godwin, Ian Huete, Alfredo R. Green, Brett J. Burton, Pamela K. Bowman, David M. J. S. Newnham, Rewi M. Katelaris, Constance H. Haberle, Simon G. Newbigin, Ed Davies, Janet M. TI Regional and seasonal variation in airborne grass pollen levels between cities of Australia and New Zealand SO AEROBIOLOGIA LA English DT Article DE Aerobiology; Latitude; Grass pollen; Plant distribution; Australia; New Zealand ID SUBTROPICAL GRASSES; CHILDHOOD ASTHMA; CROSS-REACTIVITY; ATMOSPHERIC CO2; 5-YEAR RECORD; C-4 GRASSES; ALLERGENS; MELBOURNE; CLIMATE; COUNTS AB Although grass pollen is widely regarded as the major outdoor aeroallergen source in Australia and New Zealand (NZ), no assemblage of airborne pollen data for the region has been previously compiled. Grass pollen count data collected at 14 urban sites in Australia and NZ over periods ranging from 1 to 17 years were acquired, assembled and compared, revealing considerable spatiotemporal variability. Although direct comparison between these data is problematic due to methodological differences between monitoring sites, the following patterns are apparent. Grass pollen seasons tended to have more than one peak from tropics to latitudes of 37A degrees S and single peaks at sites south of this latitude. A longer grass pollen season was therefore found at sites below 37A degrees S, driven by later seasonal end dates for grass growth and flowering. Daily pollen counts increased with latitude; subtropical regions had seasons of both high intensity and long duration. At higher latitude sites, the single springtime grass pollen peak is potentially due to a cooler growing season and a predominance of pollen from C-3 grasses. The multiple peaks at lower latitude sites may be due to a warmer season and the predominance of pollen from C-4 grasses. Prevalence and duration of seasonal allergies may reflect the differing pollen seasons across Australia and NZ. It must be emphasized that these findings are tentative due to limitations in the available data, reinforcing the need to implement standardized pollen-monitoring methods across Australasia. Furthermore, spatiotemporal differences in grass pollen counts indicate that local, current, standardized pollen monitoring would assist with the management of pollen allergen exposure for patients at risk of allergic rhinitis and asthma. C1 [Medek, Danielle E.] Canberra Hosp, POB 11, Woden, ACT 2606, Australia. [Beggs, Paul J.; Jaggard, Alison K.] Macquarie Univ, Fac Sci & Engn, Dept Environm Sci, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia. [Erbas, Bircan; Vicendese, Don] La Trobe Univ, Sch Psychol & Publ Hlth, Melbourne, Vic, Australia. [Campbell, Bradley C.; Godwin, Ian] Univ Queensland, Sch Agr & Food Sci, Brisbane, Qld, Australia. [Johnston, Fay H.] Univ Tasmania, Menzies Res Inst Tasmania, Hobart, Tas, Australia. [Huete, Alfredo R.] Univ Technol Sydney, Plant Funct Biol & Climate Change, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia. [Green, Brett J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, NIOSH, Morgantown, WV USA. [Burton, Pamela K.; Katelaris, Constance H.] Univ Western Sydney, Campbelltown Hosp, Macarthur, NSW, Australia. [Burton, Pamela K.; Katelaris, Constance H.] Univ Western Sydney, Sch Med, Macarthur, NSW, Australia. [Bowman, David M. J. S.] Univ Tasmania, Sch Biol Sci, Hobart, Tas, Australia. [Newnham, Rewi M.] Victoria Univ Wellington, Sch Geog Environm & Earth Sci, Wellington, New Zealand. [Haberle, Simon G.] Australian Natl Univ, Coll Asia & Pacific, Dept Archaeol & Nat Hist, Canberra, ACT, Australia. [Newbigin, Ed] Univ Melbourne, Sch BioSci, Melbourne, Vic, Australia. [Davies, Janet M.] Univ Queensland, Sch Med, Translat Res Inst, Brisbane, Qld, Australia. RP Medek, DE (reprint author), Canberra Hosp, POB 11, Woden, ACT 2606, Australia. EM danielle.medek@gmail.com RI Bowman, David/A-2930-2011; OI Bowman, David/0000-0001-8075-124X; Medek, Danielle/0000-0003-3781-2072; Huete, Alfredo/0000-0003-2809-2376; Newbigin, Ed/0000-0002-9644-302X FU Australian Centre for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis (ACEAS), Terrestrial Ecosystem Research Network (TERN); Merck Sharp and Dohme; New South Wales Government through its Environmental Trust [2011/RD/0049] FX The Australian Aerobiology Working Group was supported by the Australian Centre for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis (ACEAS), Terrestrial Ecosystem Research Network (TERN). Merck Sharp and Dohme provided additional independent untied co-sponsorship for the Working Group. The authors wish to thank Associate Professor Alison Specht, Program Manager, and the staff of ACEAS, TERN for assistance in organizing the Workshops of the Working Group "Understanding Australian aerobiology to monitor environmental change and human allergenic exposure", North Stradbroke Island, Australia (March and November, 2013). We thank Doctors Diana Bass and Geoffrey Morgan for provision of their published pollen count data from Sydney. Alison Jaggard has been assisted by the New South Wales Government through its Environmental Trust (project reference number 2011/RD/0049). The findings and the conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the US National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. The authors also acknowledge the contributions a diverse group of people made to this study through counting pollen and maintaining the pollen records that we consolidated and analyzed. Finally, the authors wish to thank Associate Professor Jeroen Buters (Germany), Associate Professor Frank Murray (Australia), and Dr Michel Thibaudon (France) for their contributions to the working group. NR 44 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 9 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0393-5965 EI 1573-3025 J9 AEROBIOLOGIA JI Aerobiologia PD JUN PY 2016 VL 32 IS 2 BP 289 EP 302 DI 10.1007/s10453-015-9399-x PG 14 WC Biology; Environmental Sciences SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA DM5QH UT WOS:000376404600011 ER PT J AU Li, JF Linley, L Kline, R Ziebell, R Heneine, W Johnson, JA AF Li, Jin-fen Linley, Laurie Kline, Richard Ziebell, Rebecca Heneine, Walid Johnson, Jeffrey A. TI Sensitive sentinel mutation screening reveals differential underestimation of transmitted HIV drug resistance among demographic groups SO AIDS LA English DT Article DE disparity; drug resistance; HIV screening; HIV transmission; surveillance ID PREEXPOSURE PROPHYLAXIS; ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; TREATMENT-NAIVE; VARIANTS AB Objective: To examine the association of majority and minority-level transmitted HIV drug resistance (TDR) among diverse demographic populations in the United States and assess what different mutations may infer about TDR risk and engagement in care. Design: Used sensitive assays to screen 1070 deidentified convenience plasma specimens from United States national HIV surveillance conducted in 2009-2011 on newly diagnosed persons with no evidence of antiretroviral drug use. Methods: We applied validated allele-specific PCR for five HIV reverse transcriptase mutations as sentinel markers of TDR. The total and minority-level prevalence of TDR by demographic characteristics was compared. Results: Sensitive screening identified 72% more TDR than conventional sequencing for the five mutations assessed (13.6 vs. 7.9%, P < 0.0001), with K65R having the greatest increase (0-1.7%). One-third of K65R was in persons who also had at least one of the other mutations screened. The total TDR prevalence among whites (16.4%) and blacks (14.9%) was significantly higher than that among Hispanics/Latinos (6.4%) (P = 0.005 and 0.013, respectively). TDR prevalence was highest (23.1%) in those 13-19 years (85% black). TDR prevalence among women (72% black) was nearly as high as among MSM (47% black) (14.3 vs. 15.1%, respectively). Conclusion: A significant proportion of TDR, primarily in older, white MSM, was undetected by conventional testing. The greatest underestimation was for rapid-decaying mutations typically associated with the source virus having recent exposure to antiretroviral therapy. However, total TDR prevalence was highest in the less than 20-year age group who were predominantly black, underscoring the importance of prevention efforts for at-risk youth. Copyright (C) 2016 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Li, Jin-fen; Linley, Laurie; Kline, Richard; Ziebell, Rebecca; Heneine, Walid; Johnson, Jeffrey A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Johnson, JA (reprint author), CDC, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd,NE,MS G45, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM jjohnson1@cdc.gov FU CDC intramural funds FX This study was entirely supported by CDC intramural funds. NR 17 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 0269-9370 EI 1473-5571 J9 AIDS JI Aids PD JUN 1 PY 2016 VL 30 IS 9 BP 1439 EP 1445 DI 10.1097/QAD.0000000000001099 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology GA DM6JH UT WOS:000376457300014 PM 26990626 ER PT J AU Hallett, TB Anderson, SJ Asante, CA Bartlett, N Bendaud, V Bhatt, S Burgert, CR Cuadros, DF Dzangare, J Fecht, D Gething, PW Ghys, PD Guwani, JM Heard, NJ Kalipeni, E Kandala, NB Kim, AA Kwao, ID Larmarange, J Manda, SOM Moise, IK Montana, LS Mwai, DN Mwalili, S Shortridge, A Tanser, F Wanyeki, I Zulu, L AF Hallett, Timothy B. Anderson, Sarah-Jane Asante, Cynthia Adobea Bartlett, Noah Bendaud, Victoria Bhatt, Samir Burgert, Clara R. Cuadros, Diego Fernando Dzangare, Janet Fecht, Daniela Gething, Peter William Ghys, Peter D. Guwani, James M. Heard, Nathan Joseph Kalipeni, Ezekiel Kandala, Ngianga-Bakwin Kim, Andrea A. Kwao, Isaiah Doe Larmarange, Joseph Manda, Samuel O. M. Moise, Imelda K. Montana, Livia S. Mwai, Daniel N. Mwalili, Samuel Shortridge, Ashton Tanser, Frank Wanyeki, Ian Zulu, Leo CA Subnatl Estimates Working Grp HIV TI Evaluation of geospatial methods to generate subnational HIV prevalence estimates for local level planning SO AIDS LA English DT Article DE health planning/organization and administration; health policy; HIV infections/epidemiology; HIV seroprevalence; HIV/infections prevention and control; population surveillance/methods ID POPULATION-BASED SURVEYS; SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA; ENDEMICITY; INFECTION; EPIDEMIC; MODEL; RISK AB Objective: There is evidence of substantial subnational variation in the HIV epidemic. However, robust spatial HIV data are often only available at high levels of geographic aggregation and not at the finer resolution needed for decision making. Therefore, spatial analysis methods that leverage available data to provide local estimates of HIV prevalence may be useful. Such methods exist but have not been formally compared when applied to HIV. Design/methods: Six candidate methods - including those used by the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS to generate maps and a Bayesian geostatistical approach applied to other diseases - were used to generate maps and subnational estimates of HIV prevalence across three countries using cluster level data from household surveys. Two approaches were used to assess the accuracy of predictions: internal validation, whereby a proportion of input data is held back (test dataset) to challenge predictions; and comparison with location-specific data from household surveys in earlier years. Results: Each of the methods can generate usefully accurate predictions of prevalence at unsampled locations, with the magnitude of the error in predictions similar across approaches. However, the Bayesian geostatistical approach consistently gave marginally the strongest statistical performance across countries and validation procedures. Conclusions: Available methods may be able to furnish estimates of HIV prevalence at finer spatial scales than the data currently allow. The subnational variation revealed can be integrated into planning to ensure responsiveness to the spatial features of the epidemic. The Bayesian geostatistical approach is a promising strategy for integrating HIV data to generate robust local estimates. Copyright (C) 2016 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Hallett, Timothy B.; Anderson, Sarah-Jane; Subnatl Estimates Working Grp HIV] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Dept Infect Dis Epidemiol, St Marys Campus,Norfolk Pl, London W2 1PG, England. [Asante, Cynthia Adobea; Kwao, Isaiah Doe] Ghana AIDS Commiss, Accra, Ghana. [Bartlett, Noah] USAID, Washington, DC USA. [Bendaud, Victoria; Ghys, Peter D.] UNAIDS, Geneva, Switzerland. [Bhatt, Samir; Gething, Peter William] Univ Oxford, Oxford, England. [Burgert, Clara R.] ICF Int, Demog & Hlth Surveillance Program, Rockville, MD USA. [Cuadros, Diego Fernando] Cornell Univ, Weill Cornell Med Coll Qatar, Qatar Fdn Educ City, Doha, Qatar. [Dzangare, Janet] Minist Hlth & Child Care, AIDS & TB Unit, Harare, Zimbabwe. [Fecht, Daniela] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Small Area Hlth Stat Unit, London, England. [Guwani, James M.] UNAIDS, Johannesburg, South Africa. [Heard, Nathan Joseph] US Dept State, Washington, DC 20520 USA. [Kalipeni, Ezekiel] Univ Illinois, Champaign, IL USA. [Kandala, Ngianga-Bakwin] Northumbria Univ, Dept Math & Informat Sci, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 8ST, Tyne & Wear, England. [Kim, Andrea A.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Larmarange, Joseph] IRD, CePeD, Paris, France. [Manda, Samuel O. M.] South African Med Res Council, Biostat Res Unit, Pretoria, South Africa. [Manda, Samuel O. M.] Univ KwaZulu Natal, Sch Math Stat & Comp Sci, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa. [Moise, Imelda K.] Univ Miami, Miami, FL USA. [Montana, Livia S.] Harvard Univ, Ctr Populat & Dev Studies, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Mwai, Daniel N.] Univ Nairobi, Palladium Grp, Nairobi, Kenya. [Mwai, Daniel N.] USAID Hlth Policy Project, Nairobi, Kenya. [Mwalili, Samuel] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Nairobi, Kenya. [Shortridge, Ashton; Zulu, Leo] Michigan State Univ, Dept Geog, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Tanser, Frank] Univ KwaZulu Natal, Africa Ctr Hlth & Populat Studies, Mtubatuba, South Africa. [Tanser, Frank] Univ KwaZulu Natal, Sch Nursing & Publ Hlth, Durban, South Africa. [Wanyeki, Ian] Futures Grp Inc, Nairobi, Kenya. RP Anderson, SJ (reprint author), Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Dept Infect Dis Epidemiol, St Marys Campus,Norfolk Pl, London W2 1PG, England. EM sarah-jane.anderson@imperial.ac.uk FU Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation FX This study was funded by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation through a grant for the HIV Modelling Consortium (www.hivmodelling.org) to Imperial College London. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 23 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 0269-9370 EI 1473-5571 J9 AIDS JI Aids PD JUN 1 PY 2016 VL 30 IS 9 BP 1467 EP 1474 DI 10.1097/QAD.0000000000001075 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology GA DM6JH UT WOS:000376457300017 ER PT J AU Lu, P O'Halloran, A Ding, H Srivastav, A Williams, WW AF Lu, Peng-jun O'Halloran, Alissa Ding, Helen Srivastav, Anup Williams, Walter W. TI Uptake of Influenza Vaccination and Missed Opportunities Among Adults with High-Risk Conditions, United States, 2013 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE Adults; Coverage; High-risk conditions; Influenza vaccine; Vaccination ID IMMUNIZATION PRACTICES ACIP; SEASONAL INFLUENZA; VACCINES RECOMMENDATIONS; ADVISORY-COMMITTEE; NATIONAL-SURVEY; SELF-REPORT; PREVENTION; COVERAGE; SCIENCE; DISEASE AB BACKGROUND: Since 1960, the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices has recommended influenza vaccination for adults with certain high-risk conditions because of increased risk for complications from influenza infection. We assessed national influenza vaccination among persons ages 18-64 years with high-risk conditions. METHODS: We analyzed data from the 2012 and 2013 National Health Interview Survey. The Kaplan-Meier survival analysis procedure was used to estimate the cumulative proportion of influenza vaccination among adults ages 18-64 years with high-risk conditions. Potential missed opportunities for influenza vaccination were also evaluated. Multivariable logistic regression and predictive marginal analyses were conducted to identify factors independently associated with vaccination. RESULTS: Overall, 39.9 million adults ages 18-64 years (18.9%) had at least one high-risk condition. For adults ages 18-64 years with high-risk conditions, overall influenza vaccination coverage was 49.5%. Coverage among adults 50-64 years of age was significantly higher compared with those ages 18-49 years (59.3% vs 39.0%; P < .05). Among adults ages 18-64 years, coverage was 46.2% for those with chronic lung diseases, 50.5% for those with heart disease, 58.0% for those with diabetes, 62.5% for those with renal disease, and 56.4% for those with cancer. Overall, 90.1% reported at least one visit to a health care setting where vaccination could have been provided. Among adults ages 18-64 years with high-risk conditions, older age, being female, Hispanic ethnicity or Asian race, having one or more physician visits, a regular physician for health care, health insurance, and having ever received pneumococcal vaccination were independently associated with a higher likelihood of influenza vaccination. Being widowed/divorced/separated or never married and not being employed were independently associated with a lower likelihood of influenza vaccination. CONCLUSIONS: Influenza vaccination coverage varies substantially by age and high-risk conditions but remains low. Approximately 50% of those with high-risk conditions remain unvaccinated. Health care providers should ensure they routinely assess influenza vaccination status, and recommend and offer vaccines to those with high-risk conditions. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Lu, Peng-jun; O'Halloran, Alissa; Ding, Helen; Srivastav, Anup; Williams, Walter W.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Immunizat Serv Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, CDC, Atlanta, GA USA. [O'Halloran, Alissa; Srivastav, Anup] Leidos Inc, Atlanta, GA USA. [Ding, Helen] Eagle Med Serv LLC, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Lu, P (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd,NE,Mail Stop E-62, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM lhp8@edc.gov NR 41 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0002-9343 EI 1555-7162 J9 AM J MED JI Am. J. Med. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 129 IS 6 AR 636.e1 DI 10.1016/j.amjmed.2015.10.031 PG 11 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA DM6YO UT WOS:000376499100039 PM 26551981 ER PT J AU Lawman, HG Troiano, RP Perna, FM Wang, CY Fryar, CD Ogden, CL AF Lawman, Hannah G. Troiano, Richard P. Perna, Frank M. Wang, Chia-Yih Fryar, Cheryl D. Ogden, Cynthia L. TI Associations of Relative Handgrip Strength and Cardiovascular Disease Biomarkers in US Adults, 2011-2012 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID REGRESSION-ANALYSES CONSIDERATIONS; BODY-MASS INDEX; GRIP STRENGTH; MUSCLE STRENGTH; PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; EVALUATING RELATIONSHIPS; RESISTANCE EXERCISE; METABOLIC SYNDROME; MUSCULAR STRENGTH; HEART-FAILURE AB Introduction: Although decline in muscle mass and quality and resulting declines in muscle strength are associated with aging, more research is needed in general populations to assess the utility of handgrip strength as an indicator of muscle strength and cardiovascular disease risk. Methods: Data from 4,221 participants aged >= 20 years in the 2011-2012 cycle of National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were analyzed during 2014-2015. Standing isometric relative handgrip strength (calculated as maximal absolute handgrip strength from both hands divided by BMI) was used to predict cardiovascular biomarkers, including blood pressure (measured systolic and diastolic blood pressure); serum lipids (total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and triglycerides); and plasma insulin and glucose. Results: Results from regression analyses showed that higher relative grip strength was significantly associated with lower systolic blood pressure, triglycerides, and plasma insulin and glucose, and higher high-density lipoprotein cholesterol in male and female participants (p<0.05 for all). Secondary descriptive analyses found that absolute handgrip strength increased significantly with increasing weight status, but relative handgrip strength decreased significantly with increasing weight status. Conclusions: Results suggest that increased relative handgrip strength may be associated with a better profile of cardiovascular health biomarkers among U.S. adults. Relative grip strength, which both adjusts for the confounding of mass and assesses concomitant health risks of increased body size and low muscle strength, may be a useful public health measure of muscle strength. Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of American Journal of Preventive Medicine C1 [Lawman, Hannah G.; Wang, Chia-Yih; Fryar, Cheryl D.; Ogden, Cynthia L.] CDC, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD USA. [Troiano, Richard P.; Perna, Frank M.] NCI, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RP Lawman, HG (reprint author), 3311 Toledo Rd, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. EM hlawman@cdc.gov NR 30 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0749-3797 EI 1873-2607 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 50 IS 6 BP 677 EP 683 DI 10.1016/j.amepre.2015.10.022 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA DM7CD UT WOS:000376509900005 PM 26689977 ER PT J AU Lin, F Farnham, PG Shrestha, RK Mermin, J Sansom, SL AF Lin, Feng Farnham, Paul G. Shrestha, Ram K. Mermin, Jonathan Sansom, Stephanie L. TI Cost Effectiveness of HIV Prevention Interventions in the US SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID ACTIVE ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; UNITED-STATES; TRANSMISSION RATES; IMPROVE ADHERENCE; INFECTED PERSONS; LIFETIME COSTS; MODEL; QUALITY; CARE AB Introduction: The purpose of this study was to assess and compare the cost effectiveness of current HIV prevention interventions in the U.S. using a consistent, standardized methodology. Methods: The cost effectiveness of common and emerging HIV biomedical and behavioral prevention interventions as delivered to men who have sex with men, injection drug users, and sexually active heterosexuals was estimated. Data on program costs, intervention efficacy, risk behaviors, and per contact transmission probabilities were collected from peer-reviewed papers and health department reports. These data were combined with 2010 national HIV incidence and prevalence surveillance data in a Bernoulli process model to estimate the reduced annual risk of HIV transmission or acquisition associated with these interventions. The cost per prevented case of HIV and the cost per saved quality-adjusted life year were then calculated. Analyses were conducted between 2014 and 2015. Results: Interventions to diagnose HIV and provide ongoing care and treatment had the lowest cost per prevented case. Among interventions targeted at specific risk groups, interventions for men who have sex with men were the most cost effective. The least cost-effective interventions typically addressed people at risk of acquiring HIV rather than those at risk of transmitting the disease. Conclusions: HIV prevention interventions targeted at high-risk populations, those associated with the care continuum, and those that reduce the transmission risk of HIV-infected people are typically the most cost effective. Decision makers can consider these results in planning an efficient allocation of HIV prevention resources. Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of American Journal of Preventive Medicine C1 [Lin, Feng; Farnham, Paul G.; Shrestha, Ram K.; Mermin, Jonathan; Sansom, Stephanie L.] CDC, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. RP Shrestha, RK (reprint author), CDC, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS E-48, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM biu0@cdc.gov NR 41 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0749-3797 EI 1873-2607 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 50 IS 6 BP 699 EP 708 DI 10.1016/j.amepre.2016.01.011 PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA DM7CD UT WOS:000376509900008 PM 26947213 ER PT J AU Faul, M Stevens, JA Sasser, SM Alee, L Deokar, AJ Kuhls, DA Burke, PA AF Faul, Mark Stevens, Judy A. Sasser, Scott M. Alee, Lisa Deokar, Angela J. Kuhls, Deborah A. Burke, Peter A. TI Older Adult Falls Seen by Emergency Medical Service Providers A Prevention Opportunity SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID AMBULANCE-SERVICE; POPULATION; PEOPLE; RISK; CARE; SEEKING; INJURY; CALL AB Introduction: Among people aged >= 65 years, falling is the leading cause of emergency department visits. Emergency medical services (EMS) are often called to help older adults who have fallen, with some requiring hospital transport. Chief aims were to determine where falls occurred and the circumstances under which patients were transported by EMS, and to identify future fall prevention opportunities. Methods: In 2012, a total of 42 states contributed ambulatory data to the National EMS Information System, which were analyzed in 2014 and 2015. Using EMS records from 911 call events, logistic regression examined patient and environmental factors associated with older adult transport. Results: Among people aged >= 65 years, falls accounted for 17% of all EMS calls. More than one in five (21%) of these emergency 911 calls did not result in a transport. Most falls occurred at home (60.2%) and residential institutions such as nursing homes (21.7%). Logistic regression showed AORs for transport were greatest among people aged >= 85 years (AOR=1.14, 95% CI=1.13, 1.16) and women (AOR=1.30, 95% CI=1.29, 1.32); for falls at residential institutions or nursing homes (AOR=3.52, 95% CI=3.46, 3.58) and in rural environments (AOR=1.15, 95% CI=1.13, 1.17); and where the EMS impression was a stroke (AOR=2.96, 95% CI=2.11, 4.10), followed by hypothermia (AOR=2.36, 95% CI=1.33, 4.43). Conclusions: This study provides unique insight into fall circumstances and EMS transport activity. EMS personnel are in a prime position to provide interventions that can prevent future falls, or referrals to community-based fall prevention programs and services. Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of American Journal of Preventive Medicine C1 [Faul, Mark; Stevens, Judy A.; Deokar, Angela J.] CDC, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Sasser, Scott M.] Greenville Hlth Syst, Dept Emergency Med, Greenville, SC USA. [Alee, Lisa; Burke, Peter A.] Boston Univ, Sch Med, Sect Trauma & Acute Care Surg, Boston Med Ctr, Boston, MA 02118 USA. [Kuhls, Deborah A.] Univ Nevada, Div Acute Care Surg, Las Vegas, NV 89154 USA. RP Faul, M (reprint author), CDC, 4770 Buford Highway,Mailstop F-62, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM mfaul@cdc.gov OI Faul, Mark/0000-0002-7683-0348 FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 29 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0749-3797 EI 1873-2607 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 50 IS 6 BP 719 EP 726 DI 10.1016/j.amepre.2015.12.011 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA DM7CD UT WOS:000376509900010 PM 26853845 ER PT J AU Ran, T Chattopadhyay, SK AF Ran, Tao Chattopadhyay, Sajal K. CA Community Preventive Serv Task TI Economic Evaluation of Community Water Fluoridation A Community Guide Systematic Review SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Review ID COST-EFFECTIVENESS; DENTAL-CARIES AB Context: A recently updated Community Guide systematic review of the effectiveness of community water fluoridation once again found evidence that it reduces dental caries. Although community water fluoridation was found to save money in a 2002 Community Guide systematic review, the conclusion was based on studies conducted before 1995. Given the update to the effectiveness review, re-examination of the benefit and cost of community water fluoridation is necessary. Evidence acquisition: Using methods developed for Community Guide economic reviews, 564 studies were identified within a search period from January 1995 to November 2013. Ten studies were included in the current review, with four covering community fluoridation benefits only and another six providing both cost and benefit information. Additionally, two of the six studies analyzed the cost effectiveness of community water fluoridation. All currencies were converted to 2013 dollars. Evidence synthesis: The analysis was conducted in 2014. The benefit-only studies used regression analysis, showing that different measures of dental costs were always lower in communities with water fluoridation. For the six cost-benefit studies, per capita annual intervention cost ranged from $0.11 to $4.92 for communities with at least 1,000 population, and per capita annual benefit ranged from $5.49 to $93.19. Benefit-cost ratios ranged from 1.12: 1 to 135: 1, and these ratios were positively associated with community population size. Conclusions: Recent evidence continues to indicate that the economic benefit of community water fluoridation exceeds the intervention cost. Further, the benefit-cost ratio increases with the community population size. Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of American Journal of Preventive Medicine C1 [Ran, Tao; Chattopadhyay, Sajal K.; Community Preventive Serv Task] CDC, Community Guide Branch, Div Publ Hlth Informat, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. RP Ran, T (reprint author), CDC, Community Guide Branch, 1600 Clifton Rd,Mailstop E69, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM xgy2@cdc.gov FU Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education FX The work of Tao Ran was supported with funds from the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education. NR 22 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 12 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0749-3797 EI 1873-2607 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 50 IS 6 BP 790 EP 796 DI 10.1016/j.amepre.2015.10.014 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA DM7CD UT WOS:000376509900017 PM 26776927 ER PT J AU Jacob, V Chattopadhyay, SK Hopkins, DP Morgan, JM Pitan, AA Clymer, JM AF Jacob, Verughese Chattopadhyay, Sajal K. Hopkins, David P. Morgan, Jennifer Murphy Pitan, Adesola A. Clymer, John M. CA Community Preventive Serv Task TI Increasing Coverage of Appropriate Vaccinations A Community Guide Systematic Economic Review SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Review ID HEPATITIS-B VACCINATION; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; COST-EFFECTIVENESS ANALYSIS; CHILDHOOD IMMUNIZATION; INFLUENZA IMMUNIZATION; INNER-CITY; PNEUMOCOCCAL VACCINATION; GENERAL-PRACTICE; REMINDER-RECALL; UNITED-STATES AB Context: Population-level coverage for immunization against many vaccine-preventable diseases remains below optimal rates in the U.S. The Community Preventive Services Task Force recently recommended several interventions to increase vaccination coverage based on systematic reviews of the evaluation literature. The present study provides the economic results from those reviews. Evidence acquisition: A systematic review was conducted (search period, January 1980 through February 2012) to identify economic evaluations of 12 interventions recommended by the Task Force. Evidence was drawn from included studies; estimates were constructed for the population reach of each strategy, cost of implementation, and cost per additional vaccinated person because of the intervention. Analyses were conducted in 2014. Evidence synthesis: Reminder systems, whether for clients or providers, were among the lowest-cost strategies to implement and the most cost effective in terms of additional people vaccinated. Strategies involving home visits and combination strategies in community settings were both costly and less cost effective. Strategies based in settings such as schools and MCOs that reached the target population achieved additional vaccinations in the middle range of cost effectiveness. Conclusions: The interventions recommended by the Task Force differed in reach, cost, and cost effectiveness. This systematic review presents the economic information for 12 effective strategies to increase vaccination coverage that can guide implementers in their choice of interventions to fit their local needs, available resources, and budget. Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of American Journal of Preventive Medicine C1 [Jacob, Verughese; Chattopadhyay, Sajal K.; Hopkins, David P.; Morgan, Jennifer Murphy; Pitan, Adesola A.] CDC, Community Guide Branch, Div Publ Hlth Informat Disseminat, Ctr Surveillance Epidemiol & Lab Serv, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Clymer, John M.] Natl Forum Heart Dis & Stroke Prevent, Washington, DC USA. RP Jacob, V (reprint author), CDC, Community Guide Branch, 1600 Clifton Rd,Mailstop E-69, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM hir0@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 98 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0749-3797 EI 1873-2607 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 50 IS 6 BP 797 EP 808 DI 10.1016/j.amepre.2015.11.003 PG 12 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA DM7CD UT WOS:000376509900018 PM 26847663 ER PT J AU Buchanan, LR Rooks-Peck, CR Finnie, RKC Wethington, HR Jacob, V Fulton, JE Johnson, DB Kahwati, LC Pratt, CA Ramirez, G Mercer, SL Glanz, K AF Buchanan, Leigh Ramsey Rooks-Peck, Cherie R. Finnie, Ramona K. C. Wethington, Holly R. Jacob, Verughese Fulton, Janet E. Johnson, Donna B. Kahwati, Leila C. Pratt, Charlotte A. Ramirez, Gilbert Mercer, Shawna L. Glanz, Karen CA Community Preventive Serv Task TI Reducing Recreational Sedentary Screen Time: A Community Guide Systematic Review (vol 50, pg 402, 2016) SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Correction C1 [Mercer, Shawna L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Community Guide Branch, Div Publ Hlth Informat Disseminat, Ctr Surveillance Epidemiol & Lab Serv, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0749-3797 EI 1873-2607 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 50 IS 6 BP 809 EP 809 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA DM7CD UT WOS:000376509900019 ER PT J AU Lo, MK Shi, PY Chen, YL Flint, M Spiropoulou, CF AF Lo, Michael K. Shi, Pei-Yong Chen, Yen-Liang Flint, Mike Spiropoulou, Christina F. TI In vitro antiviral activity of adenosine analog NITD008 against tick borne flaviviruses SO ANTIVIRAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Flavivirus; NITD008; Antiviral; Nucleoside analog; Tick-borne ID KYASANUR-FOREST-DISEASE; NUCLEOSIDE INHIBITOR; HEMORRHAGIC-FEVER; VIRUS; ENCEPHALITIS; EUROPE AB There are currently no antiviral therapies available for the tick-borne flaviviruses associated with hemorrhagic fevers: Kyasanur Forest disease virus (KFDV), both classical and the Alkhurma hemorrhagic fever virus (AHFV) subtype, and Omsk hemorrhagic fever virus (OHFV). In this brief study, we describe the in vitro antiviral activity of adenosine analog NITD008 against KFDV, AHFV, OHFV, as well as Tick borne Encephalitis virus (TBEV). Alongside the well-established activity of NITD008 against mosquito borne flaviviruses, our results have demonstrated the feasibility of identifying nucleoside analog inhibitors that have pan-flavivirus activity. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Lo, Michael K.; Flint, Mike; Spiropoulou, Christina F.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Viral Special Pathogens Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Shi, Pei-Yong] Univ Texas Med Branch, Sealy Ctr Struct Biol & Mol Biophys, Dept Phamarcol & Toxicol, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Galveston, TX 77555 USA. [Shi, Pei-Yong; Chen, Yen-Liang] Novartis Inst Trop Dis, Singapore, Singapore. RP Lo, MK; Spiropoulou, CF (reprint author), 1600 Clifton Rd,Mailstop G-14, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.; Shi, PY (reprint author), 5-138 Med Res Bldg Route 1055, Galveston, TX 77555 USA. EM mko2@cdc.gov; peshi@utmb.edu; ccs8@cdc.gov OI Lo, Michael/0000-0002-0409-7896 FU CDC core funding FX The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. This work was financially supported by CDC core funding. NR 17 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 3 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-3542 EI 1872-9096 J9 ANTIVIR RES JI Antiviral Res. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 130 BP 46 EP 49 DI 10.1016/j.antiviral.2016.03.013 PG 4 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Virology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Virology GA DM2ZW UT WOS:000376217600006 PM 27016316 ER PT J AU Tebbens, RJD Hampton, LM Thompson, KM AF Tebbens, Radboud J. Duintjer Hampton, Lee M. Thompson, Kimberly M. TI Implementation of coordinated global serotype 2 oral poliovirus vaccine cessation: risks of inadvertent trivalent oral poliovirus vaccine use SO BMC INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Polio; Eradication; Risk management; Oral poliovirus vaccine; Dynamic modeling; Vaccine-derived poliovirus ID IMMUNITY; TRANSMISSION; STRATEGIES; ENDGAME; MANAGE; INDIA; NEEDS AB Background: The endgame for polio eradication includes coordinated global cessation of oral poliovirus vaccine (OPV), starting with the cessation of vaccine containing OPV serotype 2 (OPV2) by switching all trivalent OPV (tOPV) to bivalent OPV (bOPV). The logistics associated with this global switch represent a significant undertaking, with some possibility of inadvertent tOPV use after the switch. Methods: We used a previously developed poliovirus transmission and OPV evolution model to explore the relationships between the extent of inadvertent tOPV use, the time after the switch of the inadvertent tOPV use and corresponding population immunity to serotype 2 poliovirus transmission, and the ability of the inadvertently introduced viruses to cause a serotype 2 circulating vaccine-derived poliovirus (cVDPV2) outbreak in a hypothetical population. We then estimated the minimum time until inadvertent tOPV use in a supplemental immunization activity (SIA) or in routine immunization (RI) can lead to a cVDPV2 outbreak in realistic populations with properties like those of northern India, northern Pakistan and Afghanistan, northern Nigeria, and Ukraine. Results: At low levels of inadvertent tOPV use, the minimum time after the switch for the inadvertent use to cause a cVDPV2 outbreak decreases sharply with increasing proportions of children inadvertently receiving tOPV. The minimum times until inadvertent tOPV use in an SIA or in RI can lead to a cVDPV2 outbreak varies widely among populations, with higher basic reproduction numbers, lower tOPV-induced population immunity to serotype 2 poliovirus transmission prior to the switch, and a lower proportion of transmission occurring via the oropharyngeal route all resulting in shorter times. In populations with the lowest expected immunity to serotype 2 poliovirus transmission after the switch, inadvertent tOPV use in an SIA leads to a cVDPV2 outbreak if it occurs as soon as 9 months after the switch with 0.5 % of children aged 0-4 years inadvertently receiving tOPV, and as short as 6 months after the switch with 10-20 % of children aged 0-1 years inadvertently receiving tOPV. In the same populations, inadvertent tOPV use in RI leads to a cVDPV2 outbreak if 0.5 % of OPV RI doses given use tOPV instead of bOPV for at least 20 months after the switch, with the minimum length of use dropping to at least 9 months if inadvertent tOPV use occurs in 50 % of OPV RI doses. Conclusions: Efforts to ensure timely and complete tOPV withdrawal at all levels, particularly from locations storing large amounts of tOPV, will help minimize risks associated with the tOPV-bOPV switch. Under-vaccinated populations with poor hygiene become at risk of a cVDPV2 outbreak in the event of inadvertent tOPV use the soonest after the tOPV-bOPV switch and therefore should represent priority areas to ensure tOPV withdrawal from all OPV stocks. C1 [Tebbens, Radboud J. Duintjer; Thompson, Kimberly M.] Kid Risk Inc, 10524 Moss Pk Rd,Ste 204-364, Orlando, FL 32832 USA. [Hampton, Lee M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Global Immunizat Div, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Tebbens, RJD (reprint author), Kid Risk Inc, 10524 Moss Pk Rd,Ste 204-364, Orlando, FL 32832 USA. EM rdt@kidrisk.org FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) [200-2015-M-63078] FX The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) supported the work of RJDT and KMT under Contract 200-2015-M-63078. NR 27 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 2 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2334 J9 BMC INFECT DIS JI BMC Infect. Dis. PD JUN 1 PY 2016 VL 16 AR 237 DI 10.1186/s12879-016-1537-8 PG 11 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA DN0AI UT WOS:000376726400001 ER PT J AU Shoemaker, ML White, MC AF Shoemaker, Meredith L. White, Mary C. TI Breast and cervical cancer screening among Asian subgroups in the USA: estimates from the National Health Interview Survey, 2008, 2010, and 2013 SO CANCER CAUSES & CONTROL LA English DT Article DE Asians; Mammography; Pap test; Healthcare disparities; Cancer screening ID UNITED-STATES; ACCULTURATION AB This study describes variations in mammography and Pap test use across and within subgroups of Asian women in the USA. Using data from the National Health Interview Survey (2008, 2010, and 2013), we calculated weighted proportions for selected Asian subgroups (Asian Indian, Chinese, Filipino, Other Asian) of women reporting mammography and Pap test use. The proportion of women aged 50-74 years who reported a mammogram within the past 2 years did not differ significantly across Asian subgroups. The proportion of women aged 21-65 years who received a Pap test within the past 3 years differed significantly across Asian subgroups, with lower proportions among Asian Indian, Chinese, and Other Asian women. Recent immigrants, those without a usual source of care, and women with public or no health insurance had lower proportions of breast and cervical cancer screening test use. Patterns of mammography and Pap test use vary among subgroups of Asian women, by length of residency in the USA, insurance status, usual source of care, and type of cancer screening test. These findings highlight certain Asian subgroups continue to face significant barriers to cancer screening test use. C1 [Shoemaker, Meredith L.; White, Mary C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, 4770 Buford Highway NE,Mailstop F-76, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Shoemaker, ML (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, 4770 Buford Highway NE,Mailstop F-76, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM Xhr1@cdc.gov NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0957-5243 EI 1573-7225 J9 CANCER CAUSE CONTROL JI Cancer Causes Control PD JUN PY 2016 VL 27 IS 6 BP 825 EP 829 DI 10.1007/s10552-016-0750-5 PG 5 WC Oncology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Oncology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DM8MZ UT WOS:000376619500012 PM 27106576 ER PT J AU Barrera, CM Perrine, CG Li, RW Scanlon, KS AF Barrera, Chloe M. Perrine, Cria G. Li, Ruowei Scanlon, Kelley S. TI Age at Introduction to Solid Foods and Child Obesity at 6 Years SO CHILDHOOD OBESITY LA English DT Article ID HUMAN-MILK; RISK AB Background: Epidemiological evidence suggests that timing of introduction of solid foods may be associated with subsequent obesity, and the association may vary by whether an infant is breastfed or formula-fed. Methods: We included 1181 infants who participated in the Infant Feeding Practices Study II (IFPS II) and the Year 6 Follow Up (Y6FU) study. Data from IFPS II were used to calculate the primary exposure and timing of solid food introduction (<4, 4-<6, and 6 months), and data from Y6FU were used to calculate the primary outcome and obesity at 6 years of age (BMI 95th percentile). We used multivariable logistic regression to assess the association between timing of the introduction of solids and obesity at 6 years and test whether this association was modified by breastfeeding duration (breastfed for 4 months vs. not). Results: Prevalence of obesity in our sample was 12.0%. The odds of obesity was higher among infants introduced to solids <4 months compared to those introduced at 4-<6 months (odds ratio [OR]=1.66; 95% CI, 1.15, 2.40) in unadjusted analysis; however, this relationship was no longer significant after adjustment for covariates (OR=1.18; 95% CI, 0.79, 1.77). Introduction of solids 6 months was not associated with obesity. We found no interaction between breastfeeding duration and early solid food introduction and subsequent obesity. Conclusions: Timing of introduction of solid foods was not associated with child obesity at 6 years in this sample. Given the inconsistency in findings with other studies, further studies in larger populations may be needed. C1 [Barrera, Chloe M.; Perrine, Cria G.; Li, Ruowei; Scanlon, Kelley S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Nutr Phys Act & Obes, 4770 Buford Highway Northeast,Mailstop F-77, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Barrera, CM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Nutr Phys Act & Obes, 4770 Buford Highway Northeast,Mailstop F-77, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM kri3@cdc.gov NR 21 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 15 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT, INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 2153-2168 EI 2153-2176 J9 CHILD OBES JI Child Obes. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 12 IS 3 SI SI BP 188 EP 192 DI 10.1089/chi.2016.0021 PG 5 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA DN0RP UT WOS:000376772100005 PM 27058343 ER PT J AU Shapiro, JM Hagin, SE Shah, SA Bright, R Law, M Moniz, H Giacalone, J Jackvony, T Taleban, S Samad, Z Merrick, M Sands, BE LeLeiko, NS AF Shapiro, Jason M. Hagin, Sarah E. Shah, Samir A. Bright, Renee Law, Meaghan Moniz, Heather Giacalone, Julie Jackvony, Taylor Taleban, Sasha Samad, Zahid Merrick, Marjorie Sands, Bruce E. LeLeiko, Neal S. TI Corticosteroid Use in a Prospective, Community-Based Cohort of Newly Diagnosed Inflammatory Bowel Disease Patients SO DIGESTIVE DISEASES AND SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE Inflammatory bowel disease; Crohn's disease; Ulcerative colitis; Corticosteroids; Surgicalresections ID CROHNS-DISEASE; ULCERATIVE-COLITIS; PEDIATRIC-PATIENTS; LONG-TERM; SURGERY; THERAPY; RESISTANCE; FREQUENCY; COUNTY AB Systemic corticosteroids (CS) are a mainstay of treatment for patients with newly diagnosed inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Previous population-based studies report CS exposure rates range from 39 to 75 % within the first year of diagnosis with surgical resection rates as high as 13-18 % in the same time frame. These reports represent an older cohort of patients enrolled over prolonged periods of time and do not necessarily reflect current treatment approaches. We examine CS use during the first year of IBD diagnosis in a community-based, inception cohort. Data were derived from the Ocean State Crohn's and Colitis Area Registry (OSCCAR), a prospective inception cohort of IBD patients who are residents of Rhode Island. A total of 272 patients were included in the current analyses. Overall, 60 % of Crohn's disease and 57 % of ulcerative colitis patients were exposed to at least one course of CS during year 1 of study enrollment. Most notably, only 2 % of patients (n = 5) required a surgical resection. In this community-based cohort, 59 % of patients were exposed to at least one course of CS during their first year of enrollment. In contrast to previous studies, OSCCAR represents a more modern cohort of patients. While steroid exposure rates were similar or slightly higher than those in previous reports, we observed a low rate of surgical resection. As our cohort ages, future analysis will focus on the role more contemporary agents may play on the low rates of surgery we observed. C1 [Shapiro, Jason M.; Jackvony, Taylor; LeLeiko, Neal S.] Rhode Isl Hosp, Hasbro Childrens Hosp, Div Gastroenterol, Nutr & Liver Dis, 593 Eddy St,132 Multiphasic Bldg, Providence, RI 02903 USA. [Hagin, Sarah E.] Rhode Isl Hosp, Hasbro Childrens Hosp, Dept Psychiat, Div Child & Adolescent Psychiat, Providence, RI USA. [Shapiro, Jason M.; Hagin, Sarah E.; Shah, Samir A.; Taleban, Sasha; LeLeiko, Neal S.] Brown Univ, Warren Alpert Sch Med, Providence, RI 02912 USA. [Shah, Samir A.] Gastroenterol Associates Inc, Providence, RI USA. [Bright, Renee; Law, Meaghan; Moniz, Heather; Taleban, Sasha] Rhode Isl Hosp, Div Gastroenterol, Providence, RI USA. [Giacalone, Julie; Sands, Bruce E.] Icahn Sch Med Mt Sinai, Dr Henry Janowitz Div Gastroenterol, New York, NY 10029 USA. [Samad, Zahid] Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Merrick, Marjorie] Crohns & Colitis Fdn Amer, New York, NY USA. RP Shapiro, JM (reprint author), Rhode Isl Hosp, Hasbro Childrens Hosp, Div Gastroenterol, Nutr & Liver Dis, 593 Eddy St,132 Multiphasic Bldg, Providence, RI 02903 USA.; Shapiro, JM (reprint author), Brown Univ, Warren Alpert Sch Med, Providence, RI 02912 USA. EM jshapiro@lifespan.org FU CCFA through the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [1 UO1 DP004785-01] FX This project was supported by a Grant from the CCFA through the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (1 UO1 DP004785-01). The findings and conclusions are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 18 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0163-2116 EI 1573-2568 J9 DIGEST DIS SCI JI Dig. Dis. Sci. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 61 IS 6 BP 1635 EP 1640 DI 10.1007/s10620-015-4010-4 PG 6 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA DM8CG UT WOS:000376587600031 PM 26725063 ER PT J AU Schmitt, CL Glasgow, L Lavinghouze, SR Rieker, PP Fulmer, E McAleer, K Rogers, T AF Schmitt, Carol L. Glasgow, LaShawn Lavinghouze, S. Rene Rieker, Patricia P. Fulmer, Erika McAleer, Kelly Rogers, Todd TI Measuring infrastructure: A key step in program evaluation and planning SO EVALUATION AND PROGRAM PLANNING LA English DT Article DE Infrastructure; Infrastructure measurement; Program evaluation; Program sustainability; Public health ID PUBLIC-HEALTH SYSTEM AB State tobacco prevention and control programs (TCPs) require a fully functioning infrastructure to respond effectively to the Surgeon General's call for accelerating the national reduction in tobacco use. The literature describes common elements of infrastructure; however, a lack of valid and reliable measures has made it difficult for program planners to monitor relevant infrastructure indicators and address observed deficiencies, or for evaluators to determine the association among infrastructure, program efforts, and program outcomes. The Component Model of Infrastructure (CMI) is a comprehensive, evidence-based framework that facilitates TCP program planning efforts to develop and maintain their infrastructure. Measures of CMI components were needed to evaluate the model's utility and predictive capability for assessing infrastructure. This paper describes the development of CMI measures and results of a pilot test with nine state TCP managers. Pilot test findings indicate that the tool has good face validity and is clear and easy to follow. The CMI tool yields data that can enhance public health efforts in a funding-constrained environment and provides insight into program sustainability. Ultimately, the CMI measurement tool could facilitate better evaluation and program planning across public health programs. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Schmitt, Carol L.; Glasgow, LaShawn; McAleer, Kelly; Rogers, Todd] RTI Int, Publ Hlth Res Div, Washington, DC 20005 USA. [Lavinghouze, S. Rene; Fulmer, Erika] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Smoking & Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Rieker, Patricia P.] Boston Univ, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Rieker, Patricia P.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Schmitt, CL (reprint author), RTI Int, 701 13th St NW,Suite 750, Washington, DC 20005 USA. EM cschmitt@rti.org FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Office on Smoking and Health (OSH) [200-2011-F-39606]; CDC's OSH FX No conflicts of interest are declared. Carol Schmitt, LaShawn Glasgow, Kelly McAleer, and Todd Rogers were supported through a contract with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Office on Smoking and Health (OSH) (contract # 200-2011-F-39606: Scientific, Technical and Operational Services for Epidemiology, Surveillance, and Evaluation). Patricia P. Rieker was supported under contract by CDC's OSH. NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 7 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0149-7189 EI 1873-7870 J9 EVAL PROGRAM PLANN JI Eval. Program Plan. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 56 BP 50 EP 55 DI 10.1016/j.evalprogplan.2016.03.007 PG 6 WC Social Sciences, Interdisciplinary SC Social Sciences - Other Topics GA DM7OS UT WOS:000376550500006 PM 27037655 ER PT J AU Foshee, VA Gottfredson, NC Reyes, HLM Chen, MS David-Ferdon, C Latzman, NE Tharp, AT Ennett, ST AF Foshee, Vangie Ann Gottfredson, Nisha C. Reyes, H. Luz McNaughton Chen, May S. David-Ferdon, Corinne Latzman, Natasha E. Tharp, Andra T. Ennett, Susan T. TI Developmental Outcomes of Using Physical Violence Against Dates and Peers SO JOURNAL OF ADOLESCENT HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Adolescent dating violence; Peer violence; Outcomes of violence perpetration ID CHILDHOOD AGGRESSION; SUBSTANCE USE; DRUG-USE; ADOLESCENCE; ABUSE; ASSOCIATION; SCHOOL; VICTIMIZATION; MULTIFINALITY; CENTRALITY AB Purpose: The negative impact on adolescents of being a victim of violence is well documented, but the impact of being a perpetrator of violence is less well known. Knowing the negative outcomes of being a perpetrator could inform clinical interactions with adolescents, development of violence prevention strategies, and estimates of the societal burden of violence. This longitudinal study examined the effects of physical dating violence (DV) and peer violence (PV) perpetration on internalizing symptoms, relationships with friends and family, academic aspirations and grades, and substance use. Methods: The four-wave longitudinal study (N = 3,979), conducted in two North Carolina counties over 21/2 years, spanned grades 8-12. Generalized linear mixed models were used to examine prospective lagged effects of each type of violence perpetration on each outcome and sex and grade as moderators of effects. Results: Perpetrating DV significantly predicted lower college aspirations and greater likelihood of marijuana use. The effect of DV perpetration on increased family conflict was moderated by school grade; the effect decreased in significance across grades. Perpetrating PV significantly predicted greater likelihood of cigarette and marijuana use. The effects of PV perpetration on increased internalizing symptoms and alcohol intensity and decreased college aspirations were moderated by school grade; effects decreased in significance across grades. Neither type of perpetration predicted changes in number of reciprocated friendships, social status, or academic grades, and no effects varied by sex. Conclusions: These detrimental outcomes for the perpetrator need to be considered in clinical interactions with adolescents and violence prevention programming. (C) 2016 The Society for Adolescent Health and Medicine. All rights reserved. C1 [Foshee, Vangie Ann; Gottfredson, Nisha C.; Reyes, H. Luz McNaughton; Chen, May S.; Ennett, Susan T.] Univ N Carolina, Gillings Sch Global Publ Hlth, Dept Hlth Behav, 319B Rosenau Hall CB 7440, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [David-Ferdon, Corinne; Latzman, Natasha E.; Tharp, Andra T.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Violence Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Foshee, VA (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Gillings Sch Global Publ Hlth, Dept Hlth Behav, 319B Rosenau Hall CB 7440, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. EM foshee@email.unc.edu FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999]; NCIPC CDC HHS [R49 CE423114]; NIDA NIH HHS [K01 DA035153, R01 DA013459] NR 37 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1054-139X EI 1879-1972 J9 J ADOLESCENT HEALTH JI J. Adolesc. Health PD JUN PY 2016 VL 58 IS 6 BP 665 EP 671 DI 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2016.03.002 PG 7 WC Psychology, Developmental; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Pediatrics SC Psychology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Pediatrics GA DM7CZ UT WOS:000376513300012 PM 27086092 ER PT J AU Bugrysheva, JV Lascols, C Sue, D Weigel, LM AF Bugrysheva, Julia V. Lascols, Christine Sue, David Weigel, Linda M. TI Rapid Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing of Bacillus anthracis, Yersinia pestis, and Burkholderia pseudomallei by Use of Laser Light Scattering Technology SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID TRANSFERABLE PLASMID; REPORTER PHAGE; RESISTANCE; CEFTAZIDIME; AVIRULENT; STRAINS AB Rapid methods to determine antimicrobial susceptibility would assist in the timely distribution of effective treatment or postexposure prophylaxis in the aftermath of the release of bacterial biothreat agents such as Bacillus anthracis, Yersinia pestis, or Burkholderia pseudomallei. Conventional susceptibility tests require 16 to 48 h of incubation, depending on the bacterial species. We evaluated a method that is based on laser light scattering technology that measures cell density in real time. We determined that it has the ability to rapidly differentiate between growth (resistant) and no growth (susceptible) of several bacterial threat agents in the presence of clinically relevant antimicrobials. Results were available in <4 h for B. anthracis and <6 h for Y. pestis and B. pseudomallei. One exception was B. pseudomallei in the presence of ceftazidime, which required >10 h of incubation. Use of laser scattering technology decreased the time required to determine antimicrobial susceptibility by 50% to 75% for B. anthracis, Y. pestis, and B. pseudomallei compared to conventional methods. C1 [Bugrysheva, Julia V.; Lascols, Christine; Sue, David; Weigel, Linda M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Bugrysheva, JV (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. EM vol5@cdc.gov FU U.S. Department of Defense (DoD) Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA); Joint Science and Technology Office (JSTO) [HDTRA1213740] FX This work, including the efforts of Julia V. Bugrysheva and Christine Lascols, was funded by the U.S. Department of Defense (DoD) Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA) and Joint Science and Technology Office (JSTO) (HDTRA1213740). NR 32 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 9 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 EI 1098-660X J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 54 IS 6 BP 1462 EP 1471 DI 10.1128/JCM.03251-15 PG 10 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA DM7HM UT WOS:000376529200011 PM 26984973 ER PT J AU Liu, X Jahuira, H Gilman, RH Alva, A Cabrera, L Okamoto, M Xu, H Windle, HJ Kelleher, D Varela, M Verastegui, M Calderon, M Sanchez, G Sarabia, V Ballard, SB Bern, C Mayta, H Crabtree, JE Cama, V Saito, M Oshitani, H AF Liu, Xiaofang Jahuira, Helena Gilman, Robert H. Alva, Alicia Cabrera, Lilia Okamoto, Michiko Xu, Hang Windle, Henry J. Kelleher, Dermot Varela, Marco Verastegui, Manuela Calderon, Maritza Sanchez, Gerardo Sarabia, Vanessa Ballard, Sarah B. Bern, Caryn Mayta, Holger Crabtree, Jean E. Cama, Vitaliano Saito, Mayuko Oshitani, Hitoshi TI Etiological Role and Repeated Infections of Sapovirus among Children Aged Less than 2 Years in a Cohort Study in a Peri-urban Community of Peru SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ACUTE GASTROENTERITIS; NOROVIRUS INFECTIONS; INTESTINAL DISEASE; ROTAVIRUS VACCINES; LESS-THAN-5 YEARS; GENOTYPE ANALYSIS; OSAKA CITY; OUTBREAKS; DIARRHEA; JAPAN AB Human sapovirus has been shown to be one of the most important etiologies in pediatric patients with acute diarrhea. However, very limited data are available about the causative roles and epidemiology of sapovirus in community settings. A nested matched case-control study within a birth cohort study of acute diarrhea in a peri-urban community in Peru from 2007 to 2010 was conducted to investigate the attributable fraction (AF) and genetic diversity of sapovirus. By quantitative reverse transcription-realtime PCR (qPCR) sapovirus was detected in 12.4% (37/299) of diarrheal and 5.7% (17/300) of nondiarrheal stools (P = 0.004). The sapovirus AF (7.1%) was higher in the second year (13.2%) than in the first year (1.4%) of life of children. Ten known genotypes and one novel cluster (n = 5) within four genogroups (GI, GII, GIV, and GV) were identified by phylogenetic analysis of a partial VP1 gene. Further sequence analysis of the full VP1 gene revealed a possible novel genotype, tentatively named GII. 8. Notably, symptomatic reinfections with different genotypes within the same (n = 3) or different (n = 5) genogroups were observed in eight children. Sapovirus exhibited a high attributable burden for acute gastroenteritis, especially in the second year of life, of children in a Peruvian community. Further large-scale studies are needed to understand better the global burden, genetic diversity, and repeated infections of sapovirus. C1 [Liu, Xiaofang; Okamoto, Michiko; Xu, Hang; Saito, Mayuko; Oshitani, Hitoshi] Tohoku Univ, Dept Virol, Grad Sch Med, Sendai, Miyagi 980, Japan. [Jahuira, Helena; Verastegui, Manuela; Calderon, Maritza; Sanchez, Gerardo; Sarabia, Vanessa; Mayta, Holger] Univ Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Dept Cellular & Mol Sci, Lima, Peru. [Gilman, Robert H.; Ballard, Sarah B.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Int Hlth, Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA. [Alva, Alicia] Univ Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lab Bioinformat & Mol Biol, Lima, Peru. [Cabrera, Lilia; Varela, Marco] Asociac Benef PRISMA, Lima, Peru. [Windle, Henry J.; Kelleher, Dermot] Univ Dublin Trinity Coll, Dept Clin Med, Dublin 2, Ireland. [Bern, Caryn] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Crabtree, Jean E.] Univ Leeds, Leeds Inst Biomed & Clin Sci, Leeds, W Yorkshire, England. [Cama, Vitaliano] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Saito, M (reprint author), Tohoku Univ, Dept Virol, Grad Sch Med, Sendai, Miyagi 980, Japan. EM msaitop@gmail.com OI Alva, Alicia/0000-0001-6706-5966 FU CREST from Japan Science and Technology Agency; Population Health Metrics Research Consortium Project; Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (J-GRID); HHS \ NIH \ National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) [1R21AI099737-01]; HHS \ Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC); China Scholarship Council (CSC); European Union [INCO-CT-2006-032136] FX This work, including the efforts of Xiaofang Liu, Mayuko Saito, and Hitoshi Oshitani, was funded by CREST from Japan Science and Technology Agency. This work, including the efforts of Robert H. Gilman, was funded by Population Health Metrics Research Consortium Project. This work, including the efforts of Michiko Okamoto, Mayuko Saito, and Hitoshi Oshitani, was funded by Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (J-GRID). This work, including the efforts of Robert H. Gilman, Caryn Bern, and Mayuko Saito, was funded by HHS vertical bar NIH vertical bar National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) (1R21AI099737-01). This work, including the efforts of Vitaliano A. Cama, was funded by HHS vertical bar Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). This work, including the efforts of Xiaofang Liu, was funded by China Scholarship Council (CSC). This work, including the efforts of Helena Jahuira, Robert H. Gilman, Alicia Alva, Lilia Cabrera, Dermot Kelleher, Henry J. Windle, Marco Varela, Jean E. Crabtree, and Mayuko Saito, was funded by European Union, Project CONTENT, Sixth Framework Programme (FP6) (INCO-CT-2006-032136). NR 44 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 EI 1098-660X J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 54 IS 6 BP 1598 EP 1604 DI 10.1128/JCM.03133-15 PG 7 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA DM7HM UT WOS:000376529200029 PM 27076657 ER PT J AU Timmons, C Trees, E Ribot, EM Gerner-Smidt, P LaFon, P Im, S Ma, LM AF Timmons, Chris Trees, Eija Ribot, Efrain M. Gerner-Smidt, Peter LaFon, Patti Im, Sung Ma, Li Maria TI Multiple-locus variable-number tandem repeat analysis for strain discrimination of non-O157 Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli SO JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGICAL METHODS LA English DT Article DE Escherichia coli O157; Non-O157 STEC; MLVA; Strain discrimination; Outbreak investigation ID ENTERICA SEROVAR TYPHIMURIUM; FIELD GEL-ELECTROPHORESIS; HEMOLYTIC-UREMIC SYNDROME; UNITED-STATES; CAPILLARY-ELECTROPHORESIS; SALMONELLA; PULSENET; DISEASE; O157-H7; PCR AB Non-O157 Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) are foodborne pathogens of growing concern worldwide that have been associated with several recent multistate and multinational outbreaks of foodborne illness. Rapid and sensitive molecular-based bacterial strain discrimination methods are critical for timely outbreak identification and contaminated food source traceback. One such method, multiple-locus variable-number tandem repeat analysis (MLVA), is being used with increasing frequency in foodborne illness outbreak investigations to augment the current gold standard bacterial subtyping technique, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). The objective of this study was to develop a MLVA assay for intra- and inter-serogroup discrimination of six major non-O157 STEC serogroups-O26, O111, O103, O121, O45, and O145-and perform a preliminary internal validation of the method on a limited number of clinical isolates. The resultant MLVA scheme consists of ten variable number tandem repeat (VNTR) loci amplified in three multiplex PCR reactions. Sixty-five unique MLVA types were obtained among 84 clinical non-O157 STEC strains comprised of geographically diverse sporadic and outbreak related isolates. Compared to PFGE, the developed MLVA scheme allowed similar discrimination among serogroups O26, O111, O103, and O121 but not among O145 and O45. To more fully compare the discriminatory power of this preliminary MLVA method to PFGE and to determine its epidemiological congruence, a thorough internal and external validation needs to be performed on a carefully selected large panel of strains, including multiple isolates from single outbreaks. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Timmons, Chris; Ma, Li Maria] Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Entomol & Plant Pathol, Natl Inst Microbial Forens & Food & Agr Biosecur, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. [Trees, Eija; Ribot, Efrain M.; Gerner-Smidt, Peter; LaFon, Patti; Im, Sung] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. RP Ma, LM (reprint author), Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Entomol & Plant Pathol, Natl Inst Microbial Forens & Food & Agr Biosecur, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. EM li.ma@okstate.edu FU United States Department of Agriculture National Needs Fellowship [2010-38420-20423]; European Union Seventh Framework Program: "Plant and Food Biosecurity" [261752] FX Funding for this project was provided by the United States Department of Agriculture National Needs Fellowship grant 2010-38420-20423 and the European Union Seventh Framework Program: "Plant and Food Biosecurity," grant agreement No. 261752. We would like to thank the STEC Center of Michigan State University and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) for providing non-O157 STEC isolates with accompanying information. Additionally, we would like to thank the National Institute of Microbial Forensics and Food and Agricultural Biosecurity (NIMFFAB) and the Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Core Facility at Oklahoma State University. NR 39 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 5 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-7012 EI 1872-8359 J9 J MICROBIOL METH JI J. Microbiol. Methods PD JUN PY 2016 VL 125 BP 70 EP 80 DI 10.1016/j.mimet.2016.04.005 PG 11 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Microbiology GA DM9RA UT WOS:000376702200012 PM 27071532 ER PT J AU Nelson, JM Griese, SE Goodman, AB Peacock, G AF Nelson, J. M. Griese, S. E. Goodman, A. B. Peacock, G. CA CDC 2014 Ebola Response Children's TI Live neonates born to mothers with Ebola virus disease: a review of the literature SO JOURNAL OF PERINATOLOGY LA English DT Article ID HEMORRHAGIC-FEVER; TRANSMISSION; RISK AB Ebola virus disease (EVD) is associated with a high mortality, especially among neonates. There is a paucity of literature on live neonates born to pregnant women with EVD, and therefore, our understanding of their clinical illness and outcomes is extremely limited. A literature search was conducted to identify descriptions of live neonates born to pregnant women with EVD. To date, five known reports have provided limited information about 15 live neonates born to pregnant women with EVD. All 15 neonates died, and of those with information, death was within 19 days of birth. Of the 12 neonates with information on signs and symptoms, 8 (67%) were reported to have fever; no other signs or symptoms were reported. There are no published data describing the clinical course or treatments provided for these neonates. Potential modes of Ebola virus transmission from mother to neonate are through in utero transmission, during delivery, direct contact or through breast milk. There is an urgent need for more information about neonates with EVD, including clinical course (for example, onset and presentation of illness, symptomatology and course of illness) and treatments provided as well as information on Ebola viral load in breast milk from Ebola-positive and convalescing mothers. C1 [Nelson, J. M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Div Sci Educ & Profess Dev, Ctr Surveillance Epidemiol & Lab Serv, Atlanta, GA USA. [Nelson, J. M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Nutr Phys Act & Obes, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, 4770 Buford Highway NE,Mailstop F-77, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Griese, S. E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Sci & Publ Hlth Practice, Off Publ Hlth Preparedness & Response, Atlanta, GA USA. [Goodman, A. B.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA USA. [Peacock, G.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Human Dev & Disabil, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Nelson, JM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Nutr Phys Act & Obes, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, 4770 Buford Highway NE,Mailstop F-77, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM jmnelson@cdc.gov NR 13 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 6 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 0743-8346 EI 1476-5543 J9 J PERINATOL JI J. Perinatol. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 36 IS 6 BP 411 EP 414 DI 10.1038/jp.2015.189 PG 4 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Pediatrics SC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Pediatrics GA DN0UO UT WOS:000376781400001 PM 26658125 ER PT J AU Gregg, EW Sattar, N Ali, MK AF Gregg, Edward W. Sattar, Naveed Ali, Mohammed K. TI The changing face of diabetes complications SO LANCET DIABETES & ENDOCRINOLOGY LA English DT Review ID LOWER-EXTREMITY AMPUTATIONS; CORONARY-HEART-DISEASE; CARDIOMETABOLIC RISK-FACTORS; NUTRITION EXAMINATION SURVEY; HEALTH EXAMINATION SURVEYS; LONG-TERM COMPLICATIONS; POPULATION-BASED COHORT; LOWER-LIMB AMPUTATIONS; CHRONIC KIDNEY-DISEASE; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE AB The global increase in type 2 diabetes prevalence is well documented, but international trends in complications of type 2 diabetes are less clear. The available data suggest large reductions in classic complications of type 2 diabetes in high-income countries over the past 20 years, predominantly reductions in myocardial infarction, stroke, amputations, and mortality. These trends might be accompanied by less obvious, but still important, changes in the character of morbidity in people with diabetes. In the USA, for example, substantial reductions in macrovascular complications in adults aged 65 years or older mean that a large proportion of total complications now occur among adults aged 45-64 years instead, rates of renal disease could persist more than other complications, and obesity-related type 2 diabetes could have increasing effect in youth and adults under 45 years of age. Additionally, the combination of decreasing mortality and increasing diabetes prevalence has increased the overall mean years lived with diabetes and could lead to a diversification of diabetes morbidity, including continued high rates of renal disease, ageing-related disability, and cancers. Unfortunately, data on trends in diabetes-related complications are limited to only about a dozen countries, most of which are high income, leaving the changing character for countries of low and middle income ambiguous. C1 [Gregg, Edward W.; Ali, Mohammed K.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Diabet Translat, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. [Sattar, Naveed] Univ Glasgow, Inst Cardiovasc & Med Sci, British Heart Fdn, Glasgow Cardiovasc Res Ctr, Glasgow, Lanark, Scotland. [Ali, Mohammed K.] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Hubert Dept Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. RP Gregg, EW (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Diabet Translat, Atlanta, GA 30047 USA. EM edg7@cdc.gov NR 131 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 10 U2 20 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 2213-8587 J9 LANCET DIABETES ENDO JI Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 4 IS 6 BP 537 EP 547 DI 10.1016/S2213-8587(16)30010-9 PG 11 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA DM6LD UT WOS:000376462800019 PM 27156051 ER PT J AU Dicko, A Brown, JM Diawara, H Baber, I Mahamar, A Soumare, HM Sanogo, K Koita, F Keita, S Traore, SF Chen, I Poirot, E Hwang, P McCulloch, C Lanke, K Pett, H Niemi, M Nosten, F Bousema, T Gosling, R AF Dicko, Alassane Brown, Joelle M. Diawara, Halimatou Baber, Ibrahima Mahamar, Almahamoudou Soumare, Harouna M. Sanogo, Koualy Koita, Fanta Keita, Sekouba Traore, Sekou F. Chen, Ingrid Poirot, Eugenie Hwang, Jimee McCulloch, Charles Lanke, Kjerstin Pett, Helmi Niemi, Mikko Nosten, Francois Bousema, Tevn Gosling, Roly TI Primaquine to reduce transmission of Plasmodium falciparum malaria in Mali: a single-blind, dose-ranging, adaptive randomised phase 2 trial SO LANCET INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID DIHYDROARTEMISININ-PIPERAQUINE; G6PD DEFICIENCY; GAMETOCYTES; AFRICA; QUANTIFICATION; CLEARANCE; RESPONSES; CHILDREN; SAFETY; FEMALE AB Background Single low doses of primaquine, when added to artemisinin-based combination therapy, might prevent transmission of Plasmodium falciparum malaria to mosquitoes. We aimed to establish the activity and safety of four low doses of primaquine combined with dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine in male patients in Mali. Methods In this phase 2, single-blind, dose-ranging, adaptive randomised trial, we enrolled boys and men with uncomplicated P falciparum malaria at the Malaria Research and Training Centre (MRTC) field site in Ouelessebougou, Mali. All participants were confirmed positive carriers of gametocytes through microscopy and had normal function of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) on colorimetric quantification In the first phase, participants were randomly assigned (1:1:1) to one of three primaquine doses: 0 mg/kg (control), 0.125 mg/kg, and 0.5 mg/kg. Randomisation was done with a computer-generated randomisation list (in block sizes of six) and concealed with sealed, opaque envelopes. In the second phase, different participants were sequentially assigned (1:1) to 0.25 mg/kg primaquine or 0.0625 mg/kg primaquine. Primaquine tablets were dissolved into a solution and administered orally in a single dose. Participants were also given a 3 day course of dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine, administered by weight (320 mg dihydroartemisinin and 40 mg piperaquine per tablet). Outcome assessors were masked to treatment allocation, but participants were permitted to find out group assignment. Infectivity was assessed through membrane feeding assays, which were optimised through the beginning part of phase one. The primary efficacy endpoint was the mean within-person percentage change in mosquito infectivity 2 days after primaquine treatment in participants who completed the study after optimisation of the infectivity assay, had both a pre-treatment infectivity measurement and at least one follow-up infectivity measurement, and who were given the correct primaquine dose. The safety endpoint was the mean within-person change in haemoglobin concentration during 28 days of study follow-up in participants with at least one follow-up visit. This study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT01743820. Findings Between Jan 2,2013, and Nov 27,2014, we enrolled 81 participants. In the primary analysis sample (n=71), participants in the 0.25 mg/kg primaquine dose group (n=15) and 0.5 mg/kg primaquine dose group (n=14) had significantly lower mean within-person reductions in infectivity at day 2-92.6% (95% CI 78.3-100; p=0.0014) for the 0.25 mg/kg group; and 75.0% (45.7-100; p=0.014) for the 0.5 mg/kg primaquine group compared with those in the control group (n=14; 11.3% [-27.4 to 50.0]). Reductions were not significantly different from control for participants assigned to the 0.0625 mg/kg dose group (n=16; 41.9% [1.4-82.5]; p=0.16) and the 0.125 mg/kg dose group (n=12; 54.9% [13.4-96.3]; p=0.096). No clinically meaningful or statistically significant drops in haemoglobin were recorded in any individual in the haemoglobin analysis (n=70) during follow-up. No serious adverse events were reported and adverse events did not differ between treatment groups. Interpretation A single dose of 0.25 mg/kg primaquine, given alongside dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine, was safe and efficacious for the prevention of P falciparum malaria transmission in boys and men who are not deficient in G6PD. Future studies should assess the safety of single-dose primaquine in G6PD-deficient individuals to define the therapeutic range of primaquine to enable the safe roll-out of community interventions with primaquine. C1 [Dicko, Alassane; Diawara, Halimatou; Baber, Ibrahima; Mahamar, Almahamoudou; Soumare, Harouna M.; Sanogo, Koualy; Koita, Fanta; Keita, Sekouba; Traore, Sekou F.] Univ Sci Tech & Technol Bamako, Malaria Res & Training Ctr, Fac Pharm, Bamako, Mali. [Dicko, Alassane; Diawara, Halimatou; Baber, Ibrahima; Mahamar, Almahamoudou; Soumare, Harouna M.; Sanogo, Koualy; Koita, Fanta; Keita, Sekouba; Traore, Sekou F.] Univ Sci Tech & Technol Bamako, Fac Med & Dent, Bamako, Mali. [Brown, Joelle M.; Poirot, Eugenie; McCulloch, Charles; Gosling, Roly] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, San Francisco, CA 94158 USA. [Chen, Ingrid; Poirot, Eugenie; Hwang, Jimee; Gosling, Roly] Univ Calif San Francisco, Global Hlth Grp, Malaria Eliminat Initiat, San Francisco, CA 94158 USA. [Hwang, Jimee] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Malaria Branch, 4770 Buford Highway,Mail Stop F-12, Atlanta, GA USA. [Hwang, Jimee] Presidents Malaria Initiat, Washington, DC USA. [Lanke, Kjerstin; Pett, Helmi; Bousema, Tevn] Radboud Univ Nijmegen, Med Ctr, Dept Med Microbiol, NL-6525 ED Nijmegen, Netherlands. [Bousema, Tevn] London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, Dept Immunol & Infect, London WC1, England. [Pett, Helmi; Niemi, Mikko] Univ Helsinki, Dept Clin Pharmacol, Paasikivenkatu 4, SF-00250 Helsinki, Finland. [Pett, Helmi; Niemi, Mikko] Helsinki Univ Hosp, Helsinki, Finland. [Nosten, Francois] Univ Oxford, Ctr Trop Med, Nuffield Dept Med, Oxford, England. [Nosten, Francois] Mahidol Univ, Fac Trop Med, Shoklo Malaria Res Unit, Mahidol Oxford Trop Med Res Unit, Mae Sot, Thailand. RP Gosling, R (reprint author), Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, San Francisco, CA 94158 USA. EM roly.gosling@ucsf.edu RI Bousema, Teun/N-3574-2014; Niemi, Mikko/A-1088-2008; OI Niemi, Mikko/0000-0003-4550-2189 FU Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation FX Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation. NR 30 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1473-3099 EI 1474-4457 J9 LANCET INFECT DIS JI Lancet Infect. Dis. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 16 IS 6 BP 674 EP 684 DI 10.1016/S1473-3099(15)00479-X PG 11 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA DM6QC UT WOS:000376476500046 PM 26906747 ER PT J AU Joy, JB McCloskey, RM Nguyen, T Liang, RH Khudyakov, Y Olmstead, A Krajden, M Ward, JW Harrigan, PR Montaner, JSG Poon, AFY AF Joy, Jeffrey B. McCloskey, Rosemary M. Thuy Nguyen Liang, Richard H. Khudyakov, Yury Olmstead, Andrea Krajden, Mel Ward, John W. Harrigan, P. Richard Montaner, Julio S. G. Poon, Art F. Y. TI The spread of hepatitis C virus genotype la in North America: a retrospective phylogenetic study SO LANCET INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID NOSOCOMIAL TRANSMISSION; INFECTION; EVOLUTION; EPIDEMIC; PATTERNS; PATIENT; HCV AB Background The timing of the initial spread of hepatitis C virus genotype la in North America is controversial. In particular, how and when hepatitis C virus reached extraordinary prevalence in specific demographic groups remains unclear. We quantified, using all available hepatitis C virus sequence data and phylodynamic methods, the timing of the spread of hepatitis C virus genotype la in North America. Methods We screened 45 316 publicly available sequences of hepatitis C virus genotype la for location and genotype, and then did phylogenetic analyses of available North American sequences from five hepatitis C virus genes (E1, E2, NS2, NS4B, NS5B), with an emphasis on including as many sequences with early collection dates as possible. We inferred the historical population dynamics of this epidemic for all five gene regions using Bayesian skyline plots. Findings Most of the spread of genotype la in North America occurred before 1965, and the hepatitis C virus epidemic has undergone relatively little expansion since then. The effective population size of the North American epidemic stabilised around 1960. These results were robust across all five gene regions analysed, although analyses of each gene separately show substantial variation in estimates of the timing of the early exponential growth, ranging roughly from 1940 for NS2, to 1965 for NS4B. Interpretation The expansion of genotype la before 1965 suggests that nosocomial or iatrogenic factors rather than past sporadic behavioural risk (ie, experimentation with injection drug use, unsafe tattooing, high risk sex, travel to high endemic areas) were key contributors to the hepatitis C virus epidemic in North America. Our results might reduce stigmatisation around screening and diagnosis, potentially increasing rates of screening and treatment for hepatitis C virus. C1 [Joy, Jeffrey B.; McCloskey, Rosemary M.; Thuy Nguyen; Liang, Richard H.; Harrigan, P. Richard; Montaner, Julio S. G.; Poon, Art F. Y.] BC Ctr Excellence HIV AIDS, Vancouver, BC V6Z 1Y6, Canada. [Joy, Jeffrey B.; Harrigan, P. Richard; Montaner, Julio S. G.; Poon, Art F. Y.] Univ British Columbia, Dept Med, Vancouver, BC, Canada. [Krajden, Mel] Univ British Columbia, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada. [Khudyakov, Yury; Ward, John W.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Hepatitis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Olmstead, Andrea; Krajden, Mel] BC Ctr Dis Control, Vancouver, BC, Canada. RP Joy, JB (reprint author), BC Ctr Excellence HIV AIDS, Vancouver, BC V6Z 1Y6, Canada. EM jjoy@cfenet.ubc.ca FU Canadian Institutes of Health Research; Michael Smith Foundation for Health Research; BC Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS FX The Canadian Institutes of Health Research, Michael Smith Foundation for Health Research, and BC Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS. NR 30 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1473-3099 EI 1474-4457 J9 LANCET INFECT DIS JI Lancet Infect. Dis. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 16 IS 6 BP 698 EP 702 DI 10.1016/S1473-3099(16)00124-9 PG 5 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA DM6QC UT WOS:000376476500048 PM 27039040 ER PT J AU Chapin-Bardales, J Sanchez, T Paz-Bailey, G Hageman, K Spiller, MW Rolon-Colon, Y de Leon, SM AF Chapin-Bardales, Johanna Sanchez, Travis Paz-Bailey, Gabriela Hageman, Kathy Spiller, Michael W. Rolon-Colon, Yadira de Leon, Sandra Miranda TI Factors Associated With Recent Human Immunodeficiency Virus Testing Among Men Who Have Sex With Men in Puerto Rico, National Human Immunodeficiency Virus Behavioral Surveillance System, 2011 SO SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; HIV RISK; US CITIES; PREVENTION; INFECTION; PARTNERS; SERVICES AB Background: Annual human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) testing is considered a key strategy for HIV prevention for men who have sex with men (MSM). In Puerto Rico, HIV research has primarily focused on injection drug use, yet male-to-male sexual transmission has been increasing in recent years. Methods: Cross-sectional data from the National HIV Behavioral Surveillance system collected in 2011 in San Juan, Puerto Rico, were analyzed to identify factors associated with HIV testing in the past 12 months (recent testing). Results: Overall, 50% of participants were tested recently. In the multivariate analysis, testing recently was associated with having multiple partners in the past 12 months (adjusted prevalence ratio [aPR] [>= 4 vs 1 partner] = 1.5; 95% confidence interval [95% CI], 1.2-2.0), visiting a health care provider in the past 12 months (aPR, 1.4; 95% CI, 1.04-1.8), and disclosing male-male attraction/sex to a health care provider (aPR9 1.4; 95% CI, 1.1-1.7). Conclusions: Human immunodeficiency virus testing was suboptimal among MSM in San Juan. Strategies to increase HIV testing among MSM may include promoting HIV testing for all sexually active MSM including those with fewer partners, increasing utilization of the healthcare system, and improving patient-provider communication. C1 [Chapin-Bardales, Johanna; Sanchez, Travis] Emory Univ, Dept Epidemiol, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Paz-Bailey, Gabriela; Hageman, Kathy; Spiller, Michael W.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV Hepatitis STD & TB, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Rolon-Colon, Yadira; de Leon, Sandra Miranda] HIV AIDS Surveillance Program, Dept Hlth, San Juan, PR USA. RP Paz-Bailey, G (reprint author), 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS E-46, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM gmb5@cdc.gov OI Spiller, Michael/0000-0002-7950-6199 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX The authors would like to thank the NHBS team, community partners, and survey participants for their contributions to this work. Funding was provided by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 31 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 0148-5717 EI 1537-4521 J9 SEX TRANSM DIS JI Sex. Transm. Dis. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 43 IS 6 BP 346 EP 352 DI 10.1097/OLQ.0000000000000451 PG 7 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA DM7SN UT WOS:000376560400002 PM 27200518 ER PT J AU Patton, ME Kirkcaldy, RD Chang, DC Markman, S Yellowman, M Petrosky, E Adams, L Robinson, C Gupta, A Taylor, MM AF Patton, Monica E. Kirkcaldy, Robert D. Chang, Douglas C. Markman, Stephanie Yellowman, Marilyn Petrosky, Emiko Adams, Laura Robinson, Candice Gupta, Akash Taylor, Melanie M. TI Increased Gonorrhea Screening and Case Finding After Implementation of Expanded Screening Criteria-Urban Indian Health Service Facility in Phoenix, Arizona, 2011-2013 SO SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Gonorrhea screening; Indian Health Service; Electronic health record prompts ID CHLAMYDIA; CARE; STRATEGIES; BEHAVIOR; HIV AB Background: Gonorrhea screening is recommended for women at risk and men who have sex with men; expanded screening is encouraged based on local epidemiology. In response to a substantial increase in gonorrhea cases at an urban medical center serving American Indians, gonorrhea screening of all sexually active patients aged 14 to 45 years was initiated in March 2013. We describe gonorrhea screening coverage and case finding before and after implementation of expanded screening. Methods: In March 2013, provider training, electronic health record prompts, and bundled laboratory orders were implemented to facilitate gonorrhea screening of all sexually active patients aged 14 to 45 years. We assessed the proportions of patients screened and testing positive for gonorrhea in the 2 years before (March 2011 February 2012 [indicated as 2011], March 2012 February 2013 [2012]) and 1 year after (March 2013 February 2014 [2013]) expanded screening measures. Results: Gonorrhea screening coverage increased from 22% (2012) to 38% (2013); coverage increased 50% among females and 202% among males. Screening coverage increased in nearly all clinics. Gonorrhea case finding increased 68% among females in 2013 (n = 104) compared with 2012 (n = 62), primarily among women aged 25 to 29 years. No corresponding increase in gonorrhea case finding occurred among males. Most increased case finding occurred in the emergency department. Conclusions: After introduction of expanded gonorrhea screening, there was a significant increase in gonorrhea screening coverage and a subsequent increase in gonorrhea case finding among females. Despite increased screening in all clinics, increased case finding only occurred in the emergency department. C1 [Patton, Monica E.; Kirkcaldy, Robert D.; Gupta, Akash; Taylor, Melanie M.] Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Div STD Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Patton, Monica E.; Petrosky, Emiko; Adams, Laura; Robinson, Candice] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Off Workforce & Career Dev, Atlanta, GA USA. [Chang, Douglas C.; Markman, Stephanie; Yellowman, Marilyn] Indian Hlth Serv, Phoenix Indian Med Ctr, Phoenix, AZ USA. [Adams, Laura; Robinson, Candice; Taylor, Melanie M.] Arizona Dept Hlth Serv, Phoenix, AZ 85007 USA. [Gupta, Akash] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, CDC Experience Fellowship, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Patton, ME (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div STD Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS E02, Atlanta, GA 30316 USA. EM GNH9@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Office of Workforce and Career Development; Division of STD Prevention FX This work was supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Office of Workforce and Career Development, and Division of STD Prevention. NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 0148-5717 EI 1537-4521 J9 SEX TRANSM DIS JI Sex. Transm. Dis. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 43 IS 6 BP 396 EP 401 DI 10.1097/OLQ.0000000000000457 PG 6 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA DM7SN UT WOS:000376560400012 PM 27200523 ER PT J AU Mireles, JR Ereth, R Mickey, T May, R Taylor, MM AF Mireles, Joe Robert Ereth, Roxanne Mickey, Tom May, Richard Taylor, Melanie M. TI Use of the Historical Limits Method to Detect Increases in Primary and Secondary Syphilis, Arizona 2011-2014 An Exploratory Study SO SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES LA English DT Article ID OUTBREAKS AB Background: Increasing numbers of reported primary and secondary (P&S) syphilis cases in the United States suggest the need for improved surveillance methods. An outbreak detection method using reported syphilis test results, which can be counted before the conclusion of a syphilis case investigation, could lead to timelier outbreak detection. Methods: The historical limits comparison method was used to compare the number of positive rapid plasma reagin results reported during 2011-2014 with data for the preceding 3 years. An outbreak alert was generated when the monthly count of positive rapid plasma reagin quantitative results was greater than the historical mean plus 2 standard deviations for 2 consecutive months. Results: Three outbreak alerts occurred during 2011-2014. The first alert occurred in December 2012 in Maricopa County (Phoenix area). Primary and secondary cases subsequently increased from 10 in January 2013 to 15 in March followed by 5 months of consecutive increases. A second alert was generated for Maricopa County in May 2014. Primary and secondary cases increased from 29 in May to 42 in July 2014. Reported cases remained elevated for approximately 7 months after the second alert. In December 2013, an outbreak alert occurred for Pima County (Tucson area). The number of reported P&S syphilis cases in Pima County increased from 6 in February to 15 in March. Counts of reported cases remained elevated for approximately 6 months after the alert. Conclusions: Use of historical limits comparison method based on syphilis laboratory results can provide an outbreak alert before increases in reported cases of P&S syphilis. C1 [Mireles, Joe Robert; Ereth, Roxanne; Taylor, Melanie M.] Arizona Dept Hlth Serv, STD Program, Phoenix, AZ 85007 USA. [Mickey, Tom; Taylor, Melanie M.] Maricopa Cty Dept Publ Hlth, STD Program, Phoenix, AZ USA. [May, Richard; Taylor, Melanie M.] Pima Cty Dept Publ Hlth, STD Program, Tucson, AZ USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div STD Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Mireles, JR (reprint author), Arizona Dept Hlth Serv, 150 N 18th Ave, Phoenix, AZ 85007 USA. EM jose.mireles@azdhs.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [5 H25PS004368-02] FX This publication was supported by the Grant or Cooperative Agreement Number, 5 H25PS004368-02 funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Its contents are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention or the Department of Health and Human Services. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 0148-5717 EI 1537-4521 J9 SEX TRANSM DIS JI Sex. Transm. Dis. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 43 IS 6 BP 402 EP 406 DI 10.1097/OLQ.0000000000000443 PG 5 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA DM7SN UT WOS:000376560400013 PM 27196262 ER PT J AU Seeman, SM Mehal, JM Haberling, DL Holman, RC Stoll, BJ AF Seeman, Sara M. Mehal, Jason M. Haberling, Dana L. Holman, Robert C. Stoll, Barbara J. TI Infant and maternal risk factors related to necrotising enterocolitis-associated infant death in the United States SO ACTA PAEDIATRICA LA English DT Article DE Infants; Mortality; Necrotising enterocolitis; Risk factors; United States ID EPIDEMIOLOGY; MORTALITY; PRETERM AB Aim: To evaluate necrotising enterocolitis (NEC)-associated infant death and identify risk factors related to NEC infant death in the United States. Methods: The United States Period Linked Birth/Infant Death data for 2010-2013 were utilised to determine risk factors associated with NEC infant death. Infant mortality rates (IMRs) were calculated and a retrospective matched case-control analysis was performed. An infant case was defined as having the International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision code for NEC listed on the death record. Controls were matched on birthweight and randomly selected. Conditional multivariable logistic regression models stratified by birthweight were conducted to determine risk factors for NEC infant death. Results: The average annual NEC IMR was 12.5 deaths per 100 000 live births and was higher among very low birthweight (VLBW) compared to normal birthweight infants and among black compared to white infants. For VLBW infants, the multivariable analysis identified male sex, five-minute Apgar score of less than 7, and white infants born to a mother who is less than or equal to 19 years of age to be related with NEC-associated infant death. Conclusion: Paediatricians should be aware of the factors related to NEC-associated infant death to reduce the number of infants at greatest risk for NEC and focus on racial disparities. C1 [Seeman, Sara M.; Mehal, Jason M.; Haberling, Dana L.; Holman, Robert C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Div High Consequence Pathogens & Pathol, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS A-30, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Stoll, Barbara J.] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Atlanta, GA USA. [Stoll, Barbara J.] Childrens Healthcare Atlanta, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Seeman, SM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Div High Consequence Pathogens & Pathol, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS A-30, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM xbe9@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX Funded through the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 29 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0803-5253 EI 1651-2227 J9 ACTA PAEDIATR JI Acta Paediatr. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 105 IS 6 BP E240 EP E246 DI 10.1111/apa.13390 PG 7 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA DM3RZ UT WOS:000376265400001 PM 26946352 ER PT J AU Humrighouse, BW Emery, BD Kelly, AJ Metcalfe, MG Mbizo, J McQuiston, JR AF Humrighouse, B. W. Emery, B. D. Kelly, A. J. Metcalfe, M. G. Mbizo, J. McQuiston, J. R. TI Haematospirillum jordaniae gen. nov., sp. nov., isolated from human blood samples (vol 109, 493, 2016) SO ANTONIE VAN LEEUWENHOEK INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GENERAL AND MOLECULAR MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Correction C1 [Humrighouse, B. W.; Emery, B. D.; Kelly, A. J.; McQuiston, J. R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Special Bacteriol Reference Lab, Bacterial Special Pathogens Branch, Div High Consequence Pathogens & Pathol, Atlanta, GA USA. [Metcalfe, M. G.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Infect Dis Pathol Branch, Div High Consequence Pathogens & Pathol, Atlanta, GA USA. [Mbizo, J.] Univ W Florida, Coll Sci Engn & Hlth, Dept Publ Hlth Clin & Hlth Sci, Pensacola, FL 32514 USA. RP Humrighouse, BW (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Special Bacteriol Reference Lab, Bacterial Special Pathogens Branch, Div High Consequence Pathogens & Pathol, Atlanta, GA USA. EM Bhumrighouse@cdc.gov NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0003-6072 EI 1572-9699 J9 ANTON LEEUW INT J G JI Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek PD JUN PY 2016 VL 109 IS 6 BP 895 EP 896 DI 10.1007/s10482-016-0694-5 PG 2 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA DM0DF UT WOS:000376012300014 ER PT J AU Perry, KA Coulliette, AD Rose, LJ Shams, AM Edwards, JR Noble-Wang, JA AF Perry, K. A. Coulliette, A. D. Rose, L. J. Shams, A. M. Edwards, J. R. Noble-Wang, J. A. TI Persistence of Influenza A (H1N1) Virus on Stainless Steel Surfaces SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT; FATTY ACID COMPOSITION; ABSOLUTE-HUMIDITY; SURVIVAL; TRANSMISSION; INACTIVATION; FOMITES; INFECTIVITY; HOUSEHOLD; HOSPITALS AB As annual influenza epidemics continue to cause significant morbidity and economic burden, an understanding of viral persistence and transmission is critical for public health officials and health care workers to better protect patients and their family members from infection. The infectivity and persistence of two influenza A (H1N1) virus strains (A/New Caledonia/20/1999 and A/Brisbane/59/2007) on stainless steel (SS) surfaces were evaluated using three different surface matrices (2% fetal bovine serum, 5 mg/ml mucin, and viral medium) under various absolute humidity conditions (4.1 x 10(5) mPa, 6.5 x 10(5) mPa, 7.1 x 10(5) mPa, 11.4 x 10(5) mPa, 11.2 x 10(5) mPa, and 17.9 x 10(5) mPa) for up to 7 days. Influenza A virus was deposited onto SS coupons (7.07 cm(2)) and recovered by agitation and sonication in viral medium. Viral persistence was quantified using a tissue culturebased enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to determine the median (50%) tissue culture infective dose (TCID50) of infectious virus per coupon. Overall, both strains of influenza A virus remained infectious on SS coupons, with an approximate 2 log(10) loss over 7 days. Factors that influenced viral persistence included absolute humidity, strain-absolute humidity interaction, and time (P <= 0.01). Further studies on the transfer of influenza A virus from fomites by hand and the impact of inanimate surface contamination on transmission should be performed, as this study demonstrates prolonged persistence on nonporous surfaces. C1 [Perry, K. A.; Rose, L. J.; Shams, A. M.; Edwards, J. R.; Noble-Wang, J. A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Coulliette, A. D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Perry, KA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. EM KPerry@cdc.gov NR 38 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 4 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 EI 1098-5336 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 82 IS 11 BP 3239 EP 3245 DI 10.1128/AEM.04046-15 PG 7 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA DM2EL UT WOS:000376159400009 PM 26994082 ER PT J AU Ahrens, KA Rossen, LM Simon, AE AF Ahrens, Katherine A. Rossen, Lauren M. Simon, Alan E. TI Adherence to Vitamin D Recommendations Among US Infants Aged 0 to 11 Months, NHANES, 2009 to 2012 SO CLINICAL PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article C1 [Ahrens, Katherine A.; Rossen, Lauren M.; Simon, Alan E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, 3311 Toledo Rd,Room 6119, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. RP Ahrens, KA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Off Anal & Epidemiol, Infant Child & Womens Hlth Stat Branch, 3311 Toledo Rd,Room 6119, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. EM kahrens@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 6 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 0009-9228 EI 1938-2707 J9 CLIN PEDIATR JI Clin. Pediatr. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 55 IS 6 BP 555 EP 556 DI 10.1177/0009922815589916 PG 2 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA DM2SD UT WOS:000376196500010 PM 26054780 ER PT J AU Kahler, AM Cromeans, TL Metcalfe, MG Humphrey, CD Hill, VR AF Kahler, Amy M. Cromeans, Theresa L. Metcalfe, Maureen G. Humphrey, Charles D. Hill, Vincent R. TI Aggregation of Adenovirus 2 in Source Water and Impacts on Disinfection by Chlorine SO FOOD AND ENVIRONMENTAL VIROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Adenovirus; Aggregation; Water; Chlorine disinfection ID VIRAL AGGREGATION; INACTIVATION; POLIOVIRUS; REOVIRUS; VIRUS; QUALITY; PH AB It is generally accepted that viral particles in source water are likely to be found as aggregates attached to other particles. For this reason, it is important to investigate the disinfection efficacy of chlorine on aggregated viruses. A method to produce adenovirus particle aggregation was developed for this study. Negative stain electron microscopy was used to measure aggregation before and after addition of virus particles to surface water at different pH and specific conductance levels. The impact of aggregation on the efficacy of chlorine disinfection was also examined. Disinfection experiments with human adenovirus 2 (HAdV2) in source water were conducted using 0.2 mg/L free chlorine at 5 A degrees C. Aggregation of HAdV2 in source water (a parts per thousand yen3 aggregated particles) remained higher at higher specific conductance and pH levels. However, aggregation was highly variable, with the percentage of particles present in aggregates ranging from 43 to 71 %. Upon addition into source water, the aggregation percentage dropped dramatically. On average, chlorination CT values (chlorine concentration in mg/L x time in min) for 3-log(10) inactivation of aggregated HAdV2 were up to three times higher than those for dispersed HAdV2, indicating that aggregation reduced the disinfection rate. This information can be used by water utilities and regulators to guide decision making regarding disinfection of viruses in water. C1 [Kahler, Amy M.; Metcalfe, Maureen G.; Humphrey, Charles D.; Hill, Vincent R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd,Mail Stop D-66, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Cromeans, Theresa L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. RP Kahler, AM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd,Mail Stop D-66, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM akahler@cdc.gov FU Water Research Foundation [3134] FX The authors thank Bonnie Mull (CDC) for assistance with disinfection experiments, and Washington Aqueduct staff for providing source water. Funding for this project was provided in part by the Water Research Foundation (Project #3134, Contaminant Candidate List Viruses: Evaluation of Disinfection Efficacy). The use of trade names and names of commercial sources is for identification only and does not imply endorsement by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention or the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. The findings and conclusions in this presentation are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 23 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 6 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1867-0334 EI 1867-0342 J9 FOOD ENVIRON VIROL JI Food Environ. Virol. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 8 IS 2 BP 148 EP 155 DI 10.1007/s12560-016-9232-x PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Microbiology; Virology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Microbiology; Virology GA DM0JO UT WOS:000376030500007 PM 26910058 ER PT J AU Navarro, JA Kohl, KS Cetron, MS Markel, H AF Navarro, J. Alexander Kohl, Katrin S. Cetron, Martin S. Markel, Howard TI A Tale of Many Cities: A Contemporary Historical Study of the Implementation of School Closures during the 2009 pA(H1N1) Influenza Pandemic SO JOURNAL OF HEALTH POLITICS POLICY AND LAW LA English DT Editorial Material DE pA(H1N1) influenza; nonpharmaceutical intervention; school closure; pandemic preparedness ID US CITIES; A H1N1; HEALTH; INTERVENTIONS; EPIDEMIC; OUTBREAK; POLICY AB Applying qualitative historical methods, we examined the consideration and implementation of school closures as a nonpharmaceutical intervention (NPI) in thirty US cities during the spring 2009 wave of the pA(H1N1) influenza pandemic. We gathered and performed close textual readings of official federal, state, and municipal government documents; media coverage; and academic publications. Lastly, we conducted oral history interviews with public health and education officials in our selected cities. We found that several local health departments pursued school closure plans independent of CDC guidance, that uncertainty of action and the rapidly evolving understanding of pA(H1N1) contributed to tension and pushback from the public, that the media and public perception played a significant role in the response to school closure decisions, and that there were some notable instances of interdepartmental communication breakdown. We conclude that health departments should continue to develop and fine-tune their action plans while also working to develop better communication methods with the public, and work more closely with education officials to better understand the complexities involved in closing schools. Lastly, state and local governments should work to resolve lingering issues of legal authority for school closures in times of public health crises. C1 [Navarro, J. Alexander; Markel, Howard] Univ Michigan, Ctr Hist Med, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Kohl, Katrin S.; Cetron, Martin S.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Navarro, JA (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Ctr Hist Med, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. FU United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [2010-N-11968] FX Research for this article was funded by the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Solicitation Number 2010-N-11968. NR 34 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 3 PU DUKE UNIV PRESS PI DURHAM PA 905 W MAIN ST, STE 18-B, DURHAM, NC 27701 USA SN 0361-6878 J9 J HEALTH POLIT POLIC JI J. Health Polit. Policy Law PD JUN PY 2016 VL 41 IS 3 BP 393 EP 421 DI 10.1215/03616878-3523958 PG 29 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Health Policy & Services; Medicine, Legal; Social Issues; Social Sciences, Biomedical SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Legal Medicine; Social Issues; Biomedical Social Sciences GA DM2FW UT WOS:000376163400004 PM 26921384 ER PT J AU Haegerich, TM Shults, RA Oman, RF Vesely, SK AF Haegerich, Tamara M. Shults, Ruth A. Oman, Roy F. Vesely, Sara K. TI The Predictive Influence of Youth Assets on Drinking and Driving Behaviors in Adolescence and Young Adulthood SO JOURNAL OF PRIMARY PREVENTION LA English DT Article DE Youth; Driving; Alcohol; Injury; Parenting; Peers ID TEENAGE DRIVERS; RISK; INTERVENTIONS; ALCOHOL; FAMILY; NEIGHBORHOOD; PREVENTION; PATTERNS; OUTCOMES; CRASHES AB Drinking and driving among adolescents and young adults remains a significant public health burden. Etiological research is needed to inform the development and selection of preventive interventions that might reduce alcohol-involved crashes and their tragic consequences. Youth assets-that is, skills, competencies, relationships, and opportunities-can help youth overcome challenges, successfully transition into adulthood, and reduce problem behavior. We examined the predictive influence of individual, relationship, and community assets on drinking and driving (DD) and riding with a drinking driver (RDD). We assessed prospective relationships through analysis of data from the Youth Assets Study, a community-based longitudinal study of socio-demographically diverse youth. Results from calculation of marginal models using a Generalized Estimating Equation approach revealed that parent and peer relationship and school connectedness assets reduced the likelihood of both drinking and driving and riding with a drinking driver approximately 1 year later. The most important and consistent asset that influenced DD and RDD over time was parental monitoring, highlighting the role of parental influence extending beyond the immediate teen driving context into young adulthood. Parenting-focused interventions could influence factors that place youth at risk for injury from DD to RDD, complementing other evidence-based strategies such as school-based instructional programs and zero tolerance Blood Alcohol Concentration laws for young and inexperienced drivers. C1 [Haegerich, Tamara M.; Shults, Ruth A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Unintent Injury Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, 4770 Buford Hwy NE MS F62, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Oman, Roy F.; Vesely, Sara K.] Univ Oklahoma, Hlth Sci Ctr, Oklahoma City, OK USA. RP Haegerich, TM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Unintent Injury Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, 4770 Buford Hwy NE MS F62, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM THaegerich@cdc.gov OI Vesely, Sara/0000-0003-3448-0156 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) [5 U01 DP0001320]; Inasmuch Foundation FX Funding support for the Youth Assets Study was provided to the University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC; Cooperative Agreement # 5 U01 DP0001320) and the Inasmuch Foundation; additional funding was provided to Oman and Vesely for supplemental analysis to support this manuscript. NR 41 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 8 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0278-095X EI 1573-6547 J9 J PRIM PREV JI J. Prim. Prev. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 37 IS 3 BP 231 EP 245 DI 10.1007/s10935-016-0418-7 PG 15 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DM1HC UT WOS:000376095100002 PM 26779910 ER PT J AU Mercy, JA Vivolo-Kantor, AM AF Mercy, James A. Vivolo-Kantor, Alana M. TI The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's (CDC) Youth Violence Prevention Centers: Paving the Way to Prevention (vol 37, pg 209, 2016) SO JOURNAL OF PRIMARY PREVENTION LA English DT Correction C1 [Mercy, James A.; Vivolo-Kantor, Alana M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Violence Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, 4770 Buford Highway MSF64, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Mercy, JA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Violence Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, 4770 Buford Highway MSF64, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM JMercy@cdc.gov NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0278-095X EI 1573-6547 J9 J PRIM PREV JI J. Prim. Prev. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 37 IS 3 BP 311 EP 311 DI 10.1007/s10935-016-0436-5 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DM1HC UT WOS:000376095100007 ER EF