FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™
VR 1.0
PT J
AU Potvin, CK
Wicker, LJ
Biggerstaff, MI
Betten, D
Shapiro, A
AF Potvin, Corey K.
Wicker, Louis J.
Biggerstaff, Michael I.
Betten, Daniel
Shapiro, Alan
TI Comparison between Dual-Doppler and EnKF Storm-Scale Wind Analyses: The
29-30 May 2004 Geary, Oklahoma, Supercell Thunderstorm
SO MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW
LA English
DT Article
ID ENSEMBLE KALMAN FILTER; 2-MOMENT BULK MICROPHYSICS; POLARIMETRIC RADAR
DATA; DATA ASSIMILATION; PART I; MODEL; IMPACT; ELECTRIFICATION;
REFLECTIVITY; RETRIEVALS
AB Kinematical analyses of storm-scale mobile radar observations are critical to advancing our understanding of supercell thunderstorms. Maximizing the accuracy of these analyses, and characterizing the uncertainty in ensuing conclusions about storm structure and processes, requires knowledge of the error characteristics of different retrieval techniques under different observational scenarios. Using storm-scale mobile radar observations of a tornadic supercell, this study examines the impacts on ensemble Kalman filter (EnKF) wind analyses of the number of available radars (one versus two), uncertainty in the model-initialization sounding, the sophistication of the microphysical parameterization scheme (double versus single moment), and assimilating reflectivity observations. The relative accuracy of three-dimensional variational data assimilation (3DVAR) dual-Doppler wind retrievals and single- and dual-radar EnKF wind analyses of the supercell is also explored. The results generally reinforce the findings of a previous study that used observing system simulation experiments to explore the same issues. Both studies suggest that single-radar EnKF wind analyses can be very useful once enough data have been assimilated, but that subsequent analyses that operate on the retrieved wind field gradients should be interpreted with caution. In the present study, severe errors appear to occur in computed Lagrangian circulation time series, imperiling interpretation of the underlying dynamics. This result strongly suggests that dual- and multiple-Doppler radar deployment strategies continue to be used in mobile field campaigns.
C1 [Potvin, Corey K.] Univ Oklahoma, Cooperat Inst Mesoscale Meteorol Studies, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
[Potvin, Corey K.; Wicker, Louis J.] NOAA, OAR, Natl Severe Storms Lab, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
[Biggerstaff, Michael I.; Betten, Daniel; Shapiro, Alan] Univ Oklahoma, Sch Meteorol, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
[Shapiro, Alan] Univ Oklahoma, Ctr Anal & Predict Storms, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
RP Potvin, CK (reprint author), Univ Oklahoma, Cooperat Inst Mesoscale Meteorol Studies, 120 David L Boren Blvd, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
EM corey.potvin@noaa.gov
RI Shapiro, Alan/G-6116-2011
FU National Research Council Research Associateship Award at the
NOAA/National Severe Storms Laboratory
FX The first author was supported by a National Research Council Research
Associateship Award at the NOAA/National Severe Storms Laboratory. We
thank the three anonymous reviewers for their very constructive comments
that led to substantial improvements to the manuscript.
NR 35
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0027-0644
J9 MON WEATHER REV
JI Mon. Weather Rev.
PD MAY
PY 2013
VL 141
IS 5
BP 1612
EP 1628
DI 10.1175/MWR-D-12-00308.1
PG 17
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 137SW
UT WOS:000318458700013
ER
PT J
AU Ahmed, M
Anchukaitis, KJ
Asrat, A
Borgaonkar, HP
Braida, M
Buckley, BM
Buntgen, U
Chase, BM
Christie, DA
Cook, ER
Curran, MAJ
Diaz, HF
Esper, J
Fan, ZX
Gaire, NP
Ge, QS
Gergis, J
Gonzalez-Rouco, JF
Goosse, H
Grab, SW
Graham, N
Graham, R
Grosjean, M
Hanhijarvi, ST
Kaufman, DS
Kiefer, T
Kimura, K
Korhola, AA
Krusic, PJ
Lara, A
Lezine, AM
Ljungqvist, FC
Lorrey, AM
Luterbacher, J
Masson-Delmotte, V
McCarroll, D
McConnell, JR
McKay, NP
Morales, MS
Moy, AD
Mulvaney, R
Mundo, IA
Nakatsuka, T
Nash, DJ
Neukom, R
Nicholson, SE
Oerter, H
Palmer, JG
Phipps, SJ
Prieto, MR
Rivera, A
Sano, M
Severi, M
Shanahan, TM
Shao, XM
Shi, F
Sigl, M
Smerdon, JE
Solomina, ON
Steig, EJ
Stenni, B
Thamban, M
Trouet, V
Turney, CSM
Umer, M
van Ommen, T
Verschuren, D
Viau, AE
Villalba, R
Vinther, BM
von Gunten, L
Wagner, S
Wahl, ER
Wanner, H
Werner, JP
White, JWC
Yasue, K
Zorita, E
AF Ahmed, Moinuddin
Anchukaitis, Kevin J.
Asrat, Asfawossen
Borgaonkar, Hemant P.
Braida, Martina
Buckley, Brendan M.
Buntgen, Ulf
Chase, Brian M.
Christie, Duncan A.
Cook, Edward R.
Curran, Mark A. J.
Diaz, Henry F.
Esper, Jan
Fan, Ze-Xin
Gaire, Narayan P.
Ge, Quansheng
Gergis, Joelle
Gonzalez-Rouco, J. Fidel
Goosse, Hugues
Grab, Stefan W.
Graham, Nicholas
Graham, Rochelle
Grosjean, Martin
Hanhijarvi, Sami T.
Kaufman, Darrell S.
Kiefer, Thorsten
Kimura, Katsuhiko
Korhola, Atte A.
Krusic, Paul J.
Lara, Antonio
Lezine, Anne-Marie
Ljungqvist, Fredrik C.
Lorrey, Andrew M.
Luterbacher, Jurg
Masson-Delmotte, Valerie
McCarroll, Danny
McConnell, Joseph R.
McKay, Nicholas P.
Morales, Mariano S.
Moy, Andrew D.
Mulvaney, Robert
Mundo, Ignacio A.
Nakatsuka, Takeshi
Nash, David J.
Neukom, Raphael
Nicholson, Sharon E.
Oerter, Hans
Palmer, Jonathan G.
Phipps, Steven J.
Prieto, Maria R.
Rivera, Andres
Sano, Masaki
Severi, Mirko
Shanahan, Timothy M.
Shao, Xuemei
Shi, Feng
Sigl, Michael
Smerdon, Jason E.
Solomina, Olga N.
Steig, Eric J.
Stenni, Barbara
Thamban, Meloth
Trouet, Valerie
Turney, Chris S. M.
Umer, Mohammed
van Ommen, Tas
Verschuren, Dirk
Viau, Andre E.
Villalba, Ricardo
Vinther, Bo M.
von Gunten, Lucien
Wagner, Sebastian
Wahl, Eugene R.
Wanner, Heinz
Werner, Johannes P.
White, James W. C.
Yasue, Koh
Zorita, Eduardo
CA PAGES 2k Consortium
TI Continental-scale temperature variability during the past two millennia
SO NATURE GEOSCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID NORTHERN-HEMISPHERE; STATISTICAL SIGNIFICANCE; LAST MILLENNIUM; ICE-AGE;
CLIMATE; RECONSTRUCTIONS; SIMULATIONS; RESOLUTION; EVOLUTION; CENTURIES
AB Past global climate changes had strong regional expression. To elucidate their spatio-temporal pattern, we reconstructed past temperatures for seven continental-scale regions during the past one to two millennia. The most coherent feature in nearly all of the regional temperature reconstructions is a long-term cooling trend, which ended late in the nineteenth century. At multi-decadal to centennial scales, temperature variability shows distinctly different regional patterns, with more similarity within each hemisphere than between them. There were no globally synchronous multi-decadal warm or cold intervals that define a worldwide Medieval Warm Period or Little Ice Age, but all reconstructions show generally cold conditions between AD 1580 and 1880, punctuated in some regions by warm decades during the eighteenth century. The transition to these colder conditions occurred earlier in the Arctic, Europe and Asia than in North America or the Southern Hemisphere regions. Recent warming reversed the long-term cooling; during the period AD 1971-2000, the area-weighted average reconstructed temperature was higher than any other time in nearly 1,400 years.
C1 [Ahmed, Moinuddin] Fed Urdu Univ Arts Sci & Technol, Dept Bot, Karachi 75300, Pakistan.
[Anchukaitis, Kevin J.; Buckley, Brendan M.; Cook, Edward R.; Smerdon, Jason E.] Columbia Univ, Lamont Doherty Earth Observ, Palisades, NY 10964 USA.
[Anchukaitis, Kevin J.] Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
[Asrat, Asfawossen; Umer, Mohammed] Univ Addis Ababa, Sch Earth Sci, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
[Borgaonkar, Hemant P.] Indian Inst Trop Meteorol, Pune 411008, Maharashtra, India.
[Braida, Martina; Stenni, Barbara] Univ Trieste, Dipartimento Matemat & Geoscie, I-34128 Trieste, Italy.
[Buntgen, Ulf; Neukom, Raphael] Swiss Fed Res Inst WSL, CH-8903 Birmensdorf, Switzerland.
[Chase, Brian M.] Univ Montpellier, Dept Paleoenvironm & Paleoclimats PAL, F-34095 Montpellier, France.
[Chase, Brian M.] Univ Bergen, Dept Archaeol Hist Cultural Studies & Relig, N-5020 Bergen, Norway.
[Christie, Duncan A.; Lara, Antonio] Univ Austral Chile, Lab Dendrocronol & Cambio Global, Valdivia 567, Chile.
[Christie, Duncan A.; Lara, Antonio] Univ Chile, Ctr Climate & Resilience Res, Santiago 2777, Chile.
[Curran, Mark A. J.; Moy, Andrew D.; van Ommen, Tas] Australian Antarctic Div, Kingston, Tas 7050, Australia.
[Curran, Mark A. J.; Moy, Andrew D.; van Ommen, Tas] Univ Tasmania, Antarctic Climate & Ecosyst Cooperat Res Ctr, Sandy Bay, Tas 7005, Australia.
[Diaz, Henry F.] NOAA, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Esper, Jan] Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Dept Geog, D-55099 Mainz, Germany.
[Fan, Ze-Xin] Chinese Acad Sci, Yunnan 666303, Peoples R China.
[Gaire, Narayan P.] Nepal Acad Sci & Technol, Fac Sci, Khumaltar, Lalitpur, Nepal.
[Ge, Quansheng; Shao, Xuemei] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Geog Sci & Nat Resources Res, Beijing 100101, Peoples R China.
[Gergis, Joelle] Univ Melbourne, Sch Earth Sci, Melbourne, Vic 3010, Australia.
[Gonzalez-Rouco, J. Fidel] Univ Complutense Madrid, Dept Astrofis & CC Atmosfera, E-28040 Madrid, Spain.
[Goosse, Hugues] Catholic Univ Louvain, Lemaitre Ctr Earth & Climate Res, Earth & Life Inst, B-1348 Louvain, Belgium.
[Grab, Stefan W.; Nash, David J.] Univ Witwatersrand, Sch Geog Archaeol & Environm Studies, ZA-2050 Johannesburg, South Africa.
[Graham, Nicholas; Graham, Rochelle] Hydrol Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92130 USA.
[Grosjean, Martin; Wanner, Heinz] Univ Bern, Oeschger Ctr Climate Change Res, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland.
[Grosjean, Martin; Wanner, Heinz] Univ Bern, Inst Geog, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland.
[Hanhijarvi, Sami T.; Korhola, Atte A.] Univ Helsinki, Dept Environm Sci, FIN-00014 Helsinki, Finland.
[Kaufman, Darrell S.; McKay, Nicholas P.] No Arizona Univ, Sch Earth Sci & Environm Sustainabil, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA.
[Kiefer, Thorsten; von Gunten, Lucien] Int Project Off, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland.
[Kimura, Katsuhiko] Fukushima Univ, Dept Symbiot Syst Sci, Fukushima 9601248, Japan.
[Krusic, Paul J.] Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys Geog & Quaternary Geol, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
[Lezine, Anne-Marie] Univ Paris 06, LOCEAN, F-575252 Paris, France.
[Ljungqvist, Fredrik C.] Stockholm Univ, Dept Hist, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
[Lorrey, Andrew M.] Nat Inst Water & Atmospher Res Ltd, Natl Climate Ctr Auckland, Auckland 1011, New Zealand.
[Luterbacher, Jurg; Werner, Johannes P.] Univ Giessen, Dept Geog Climatol Climate Dynam & Climat Change, D-35390 Giessen, Germany.
[Masson-Delmotte, Valerie] Lab Sci Climat & Environm, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France.
[McCarroll, Danny; Prieto, Maria R.] Swansea Univ, Dept Geog, Swansea SA2 8PP, W Glam, Wales.
[McConnell, Joseph R.; Sigl, Michael] Desert Res Inst, Reno, NV 89512 USA.
[Morales, Mariano S.; Mundo, Ignacio A.; Villalba, Ricardo] CCT CONICET Mendoza, Inst Argentino Nivol Glaciol Ciencias Ambientales, RA-5500 Mendoza, Argentina.
[Mulvaney, Robert] British Antarctic Survey, Cambridge CB3 0ET, England.
[Nakatsuka, Takeshi; Sano, Masaki] Nagoya Univ, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, Nagoya, Aichi 4648601, Japan.
[Nash, David J.] Univ Brighton, Sch Environm & Technol, Brighton BN2 4GJ, E Sussex, England.
[Nicholson, Sharon E.] Florida State Univ, Dept Earth Ocean & Atmospher Sci, Tallahassee, FL 32308 USA.
[Oerter, Hans] Helmholtz Assoc, Alfred Wegener Inst Polar & Marine Res, Dept Glaciol, D-27570 Bremerhaven, Germany.
[Palmer, Jonathan G.] Univ Exeter, Coll Life & Environm Sci, Exeter EX4 4RJ, Devon, England.
[Palmer, Jonathan G.; Phipps, Steven J.; Turney, Chris S. M.] Univ New S Wales, Climate Change Res Ctr, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
[Phipps, Steven J.] Univ New S Wales, ARC Ctr Excellence Climate Syst Sci, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
[Rivera, Andres] Ctr Estudios Cient, Valdivia, Chile.
[Severi, Mirko] Univ Florence, Dept Chem Ugo Schiff, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy.
[Shanahan, Timothy M.] Univ Texas Austin, Jackson Sch Geosci, Austin, TX 78712 USA.
[Shi, Feng] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Atmospher Phys, LASG, Beijing 100029, Peoples R China.
[Solomina, Olga N.] Russian Acad Sci, Inst Geog, Moscow 119017, Russia.
[Steig, Eric J.] Univ Washington, Dept Earth & Space Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Thamban, Meloth] Nat Ctr Antarctic & Ocean Res, Goa 403804, India.
[Trouet, Valerie] Univ Arizona, Tree Ring Res Lab, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
[Verschuren, Dirk] Univ Ghent, Dept Biol, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
[Viau, Andre E.] Univ Ottawa, Dept Geog, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada.
[Vinther, Bo M.] Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
[Wagner, Sebastian; Zorita, Eduardo] Helmholtz Zentrum Geesthacht, Inst Coastal Res, D-21502 Geesthacht, Germany.
[Wahl, Eugene R.] NOAA, Nat Climat Data Ctr, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[White, James W. C.] Univ Colorado, Inst Arctic & Alpine Res, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Yasue, Koh] Shinshu Univ, Dept Forest Sci, Nagano 3994598, Japan.
RP Kaufman, DS (reprint author), No Arizona Univ, Sch Earth Sci & Environm Sustainabil, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA.
EM Darrell.Kaufman@nau.edu
RI Palmer, Jonathan/J-7834-2012; McCarroll, Danny/E-5749-2011; Solomina,
Olga/J-8353-2013; Severi, Mirko/J-2508-2012; Charpentier Ljungqvist,
Fredrik/I-5770-2012; Gonzalez-Rouco, Jesus Fidel/B-1761-2012; Christie,
Duncan/Q-7114-2016; Chase, Brian/A-1202-2010; Masson-Delmotte,
Valerie/G-1995-2011; buentgen, ulf/J-6952-2013; Shanahan,
Timothy/B-1298-2012; Steig, Eric/G-9088-2015; Kaufman,
Darrell/A-2471-2008; van Ommen, Tas/B-5020-2012; Smerdon,
Jason/F-9952-2011; Phipps, Steven/B-3135-2008; Werner,
Johannes/H-5702-2012; Mulvaney, Robert/K-3929-2012; White,
James/A-7845-2009;
OI GERGIS, JOELLE/0000-0002-4168-7924; von Gunten,
Lucien/0000-0003-0425-2881; Thamban, Meloth/0000-0003-3379-8189; Fan,
Ze-Xin/0000-0003-4623-6783; Neukom, Raphael/0000-0001-9392-0997; Turney,
Chris/0000-0001-6733-0993; Lara, Antonio/0000-0003-4998-4584; Moy,
Andrew/0000-0002-7664-9960; Palmer, Jonathan/0000-0002-6665-4483;
McCarroll, Danny/0000-0002-5992-5070; Severi, Mirko/0000-0003-1511-6762;
Charpentier Ljungqvist, Fredrik/0000-0003-0220-3947; Gonzalez-Rouco,
Jesus Fidel/0000-0001-7090-6797; Rivera, Andres/0000-0002-2779-4192;
Chase, Brian/0000-0001-6987-1291; Asrat, Asfawossen/0000-0002-6312-8082;
Masson-Delmotte, Valerie/0000-0001-8296-381X; Steig,
Eric/0000-0002-8191-5549; Kaufman, Darrell/0000-0002-7572-1414; van
Ommen, Tas/0000-0002-2463-1718; Phipps, Steven/0000-0001-5657-8782;
Werner, Johannes/0000-0003-4015-7398; Mulvaney,
Robert/0000-0002-5372-8148; White, James/0000-0001-6041-4684; Villalba,
Ricardo/0000-0001-8183-0310
NR 50
TC 131
Z9 133
U1 19
U2 299
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI NEW YORK
PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA
SN 1752-0894
EI 1752-0908
J9 NAT GEOSCI
JI Nat. Geosci.
PD MAY
PY 2013
VL 6
IS 5
BP 339
EP 346
DI 10.1038/NGEO1797
PG 8
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 134QA
UT WOS:000318227000011
ER
PT J
AU Sun, Y
Sun, DZ
Wu, LX
Wang, F
AF Sun Yan
Sun, De-Zheng
Wu Lixin
Wang Fan
TI Western pacific warm pool and ENSO asymmetry in CMIP3 models
SO ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
DE warm pool; ENSO asymmetry; CMIP3 model; ENSO time-mean effect
ID CLIMATE SYSTEM MODEL; OCEAN-ATMOSPHERE INTERACTION; NINO
SOUTHERN-OSCILLATION; EL-NINO; COUPLED MODEL; INTERCOMPARISON PROJECT;
COLD-TONGUE; HEAT TRANSPORTS; AIR-TEMPERATURE; SEA-ICE
AB Theoretical and empirical studies have suggested that an underestimate of the ENSO asymmetry may be accompanied by a climatologically smaller and warmer western Pacific warm pool. In light of this suggestion, simulations of the tropical Pacific climate by 19 Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 3 (CMIP3) climate models that do not use flux adjustment were evaluated. Our evaluation revealed systematic biases in both the mean state and ENSO statistics. The mean state in most of the models had a smaller and warmer warm pool. This common bias in the mean state was accompanied by a common bias in the simulated ENSO statistics: a significantly weak asymmetry between the two phases of ENSO. Moreover, despite the generally weak ENSO asymmetry simulated by all models, a positive correlation between the magnitude of the bias in the simulated warm-pool size and the magnitude of the bias in the simulated ENSO asymmetry was found. These findings support the suggested link between ENSO asymmetry and the tropical mean state-the climatological size and temperature of the warm pool in particular. Together with previous studies, these findings light up a path to improve the simulation of the tropical Pacific mean state by climate models: enhancing the asymmetry of ENSO in the climate models.
C1 [Sun Yan; Wang Fan] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Oceanol, Key Lab Ocean Circulat & Waves, Qingdao 266071, Peoples R China.
[Sun Yan; Wu Lixin] Ocean Univ China, Phys Oceanog Lab, Qingdao 266100, Peoples R China.
[Sun Yan; Sun, De-Zheng] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Sun Yan; Sun, De-Zheng] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Div Phys Sci, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Wang, F (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Oceanol, Key Lab Ocean Circulat & Waves, Qingdao 266071, Peoples R China.
EM fwang@qdio.ac.cn
RI Sun, Yan/G-3134-2013; AAS, AAS/C-2949-2014; Wang, Fan/J-5119-2012; Sun,
Yan/Q-5051-2016
OI Wang, Fan/0000-0001-5932-7567;
FU Chinese Academy of Sciences [XDA05110302]; National Natural Science
Foundation of China (NSFC) [40890150, 40890155]; National Basic Research
Program of China for Structures, Variability, and Climatic Impacts of
Ocean Circulation and Warm Pool in the Tropical Pacific Ocean
[2012CB417401]; China Postdoctoral Science Foudation [2012M521378];
Chinese Scholarship Council; Large-scale and Climate Dynamics Program of
the US National Science Foundation [AGS 0553111, AGS 0852329]
FX This work was supported by the Strategic Priority Research
Program-Climate Change: Carbon Budget and Related Issues of the Chinese
Academy of Sciences (Grant No. XDA05110302), National Natural Science
Foundation of China (NSFC) Major Research Project (Grant Nos. 40890150
and 40890155), the National Basic Research Program of China for
Structures, Variability, and Climatic Impacts of Ocean Circulation and
Warm Pool in the Tropical Pacific Ocean (Grant No. 2012CB417401), China
Postdoctoral Science Foudation funded project (2012M521378), Chinese
Scholarship Council, the Large-scale and Climate Dynamics Program of the
US National Science Foundation (Grant Nos. AGS 0553111 and AGS 0852329).
Half of the data analysis work was carried on the computers at Physical
Science Division of Earth System Research Laboratory of the National
Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. We would like to thank
University of Colorado at Boulder for hosting SUN Yan. We would also
like to thank Dr. ZHANG Tao for his help with some programming issues.
NR 52
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 1
U2 23
PU SCIENCE PRESS
PI BEIJING
PA 16 DONGHUANGCHENGGEN NORTH ST, BEIJING 100717, PEOPLES R CHINA
SN 0256-1530
EI 1861-9533
J9 ADV ATMOS SCI
JI Adv. Atmos. Sci.
PD MAY
PY 2013
VL 30
IS 3
BP 940
EP 953
DI 10.1007/s00376-012-2161-1
PG 14
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 128OQ
UT WOS:000317779000029
ER
PT J
AU Rimmer, CA
Phillips, MM
AF Rimmer, Catherine A.
Phillips, Melissa M.
TI Certified Reference Material recipe challenge
SO ANALYTICAL AND BIOANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 [Rimmer, Catherine A.; Phillips, Melissa M.] NIST, Div Analyt Chem, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Rimmer, CA (reprint author), NIST, Div Analyt Chem, 100 Bur Dr,Stop 8392, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM catherine.rimmer@nist.gov
NR 1
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 7
PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG
PI HEIDELBERG
PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY
SN 1618-2642
J9 ANAL BIOANAL CHEM
JI Anal. Bioanal. Chem.
PD MAY
PY 2013
VL 405
IS 13
BP 4321
EP 4322
DI 10.1007/s00216-013-6844-y
PG 2
WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry
GA 131DK
UT WOS:000317972200001
PM 23604541
ER
PT J
AU Phillips, MM
Rimmer, CA
AF Phillips, Melissa M.
Rimmer, Catherine A.
TI Functional foods and dietary supplements
SO ANALYTICAL AND BIOANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 [Phillips, Melissa M.; Rimmer, Catherine A.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Phillips, MM (reprint author), NIST, 100 Bur Dr,Mailstop 8392, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM melissa.phillips@nist.gov; catherine.rimmer@nist.gov
NR 5
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 19
PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG
PI HEIDELBERG
PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY
SN 1618-2642
J9 ANAL BIOANAL CHEM
JI Anal. Bioanal. Chem.
PD MAY
PY 2013
VL 405
IS 13
BP 4323
EP 4324
DI 10.1007/s00216-013-6846-9
PG 2
WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry
GA 131DK
UT WOS:000317972200002
PM 23494275
ER
PT J
AU Phillips, MM
Sharpless, KE
Wise, SA
AF Phillips, Melissa M.
Sharpless, Katherine E.
Wise, Stephen A.
TI Standard reference materials for food analysis
SO ANALYTICAL AND BIOANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID VALUE ASSIGNMENT; NUTRIENT CONCENTRATIONS; DIETARY-SUPPLEMENTS; BAKING
CHOCOLATE; CERTIFICATION; MATRIX; COMPOSITE; FORMULA; NIST
C1 [Phillips, Melissa M.; Sharpless, Katherine E.; Wise, Stephen A.] NIST, Div Chem Sci, Mat Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Phillips, MM (reprint author), NIST, Div Chem Sci, Mat Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM melissa.phillips@nist.gov
OI Sharpless, Katherine/0000-0001-6569-198X
NR 28
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 14
PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG
PI HEIDELBERG
PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY
SN 1618-2642
J9 ANAL BIOANAL CHEM
JI Anal. Bioanal. Chem.
PD MAY
PY 2013
VL 405
IS 13
BP 4325
EP 4335
DI 10.1007/s00216-013-6890-5
PG 11
WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry
GA 131DK
UT WOS:000317972200003
PM 23515610
ER
PT J
AU Rimmer, CA
Sharpless, KE
Wise, SA
Betz, JM
Coates, PM
AF Rimmer, Catherine A.
Sharpless, Katherine E.
Wise, Stephen A.
Betz, Joseph M.
Coates, Paul M.
TI Standard reference materials for dietary supplement analysis
SO ANALYTICAL AND BIOANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID BITTER-ORANGE ALKALOIDS; INSTITUTES-OF-HEALTH; LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY;
CERTIFICATION; ABSORBENCY
C1 [Rimmer, Catherine A.; Sharpless, Katherine E.; Wise, Stephen A.] NIST, Div Analyt Chem, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Betz, Joseph M.; Coates, Paul M.] NIH, Off Dietary Supplements, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA.
RP Rimmer, CA (reprint author), NIST, Div Analyt Chem, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM catherine.rimmer@nist.gov
OI Sharpless, Katherine/0000-0001-6569-198X
NR 29
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 4
PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG
PI HEIDELBERG
PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY
SN 1618-2642
J9 ANAL BIOANAL CHEM
JI Anal. Bioanal. Chem.
PD MAY
PY 2013
VL 405
IS 13
BP 4337
EP 4344
DI 10.1007/s00216-013-6942-x
PG 8
WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry
GA 131DK
UT WOS:000317972200004
PM 23575912
ER
PT J
AU Sander, LC
Bedner, M
Duewer, DL
Lippa, KA
Phillips, MM
Phinney, KW
Rimmer, CA
Schantz, MM
Sharpless, KE
Tai, SSC
Thomas, JB
Wise, SA
Wood, LJ
Betz, JM
Coates, PM
AF Sander, L. C.
Bedner, M.
Duewer, D. L.
Lippa, K. A.
Phillips, M. M.
Phinney, K. W.
Rimmer, C. A.
Schantz, M. M.
Sharpless, K. E.
Tai, S. S. -C.
Thomas, J. B.
Wise, S. A.
Wood, L. J.
Betz, J. M.
Coates, P. M.
TI The development and implementation of quality assurance programs to
support nutritional measurements
SO ANALYTICAL AND BIOANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE Quality assurance; Accuracy; Precision; Comparability; Concordance;
Nutrients; Dietary supplements; Vitamin D metabolites; Fatty acids
ID MEASUREMENT PERFORMANCE; TIME
AB The National Institute of Standards and Technology administers quality assurance programs devoted to improving measurements of nutrients and related metabolites in foods, dietary supplements, and serum and plasma samples. These programs have been developed in collaboration with the National Institutes of Health to assist measurement communities in their efforts to achieve accurate results that are comparable among different laboratories and over time. Targeted analytes include micronutrients, botanical markers, nutritional elements, contaminants, fatty acids, and vitamin D metabolites.
C1 [Sander, L. C.; Bedner, M.; Duewer, D. L.; Lippa, K. A.; Phillips, M. M.; Phinney, K. W.; Rimmer, C. A.; Schantz, M. M.; Sharpless, K. E.; Tai, S. S. -C.; Thomas, J. B.; Wise, S. A.; Wood, L. J.] NIST, Div Chem Sci, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Betz, J. M.; Coates, P. M.] NIH, Off Dietary Supplements, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA.
RP Sander, LC (reprint author), NIST, Div Chem Sci, 100 Bur Dr,MS 8392, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM lane.sander@nist.gov
NR 7
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 2
U2 9
PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG
PI HEIDELBERG
PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY
SN 1618-2642
J9 ANAL BIOANAL CHEM
JI Anal. Bioanal. Chem.
PD MAY
PY 2013
VL 405
IS 13
BP 4437
EP 4441
DI 10.1007/s00216-013-6864-7
PG 5
WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry
GA 131DK
UT WOS:000317972200014
PM 23552970
ER
PT J
AU Lowenthal, MS
Phillips, MM
Rimmer, CA
Rudnick, PA
Simon-Manso, Y
Stein, SE
Tchekhovskoi, D
Phinney, KW
AF Lowenthal, Mark S.
Phillips, Melissa M.
Rimmer, Catherine A.
Rudnick, Paul A.
Simon-Manso, Yamil
Stein, Stephen E.
Tchekhovskoi, Dmitrii
Phinney, Karen W.
TI Developing qualitative LC-MS methods for characterization of Vaccinium
berry Standard Reference Materials
SO ANALYTICAL AND BIOANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE Vaccinium; LC-MS; Qualitative analysis; Reference materials; Mass
spectral library; Metabolites
ID PERFORMANCE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; TANDEM MASS-SPECTROMETRY; PLANT
METABOLOMICS; PHENOLIC-COMPOUNDS; CRANBERRY JUICE;
ELECTROSPRAY-IONIZATION; ANTIOXIDANT PROPERTIES; CYANIDIN GLYCOSIDES;
FUNCTIONAL GENOMICS; VITIS-IDAEA
AB Standard Reference Materials (SRMs) offer the scientific community a stable and homogenous source of material that holds countless application possibilities. Traditionally, the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) has provided SRMs with associated quantitative information (certified values) for a select group of targeted analytes as measured in a solution or complex matrix. While the current needs of the SRM community are expanding to include non-quantitative data, NIST is attempting to broaden the scope of how and what information is offered to the SRM community by providing qualitative information about biomaterials, such as chromatographic fingerprints and profiles of untargeted identifications. In this work, metabolomic and proteomic profiling efforts were employed to characterize a suite of six Vaccinium berry SRMs. In the discovery phase, liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) data was matched to mass spectral libraries; a subsequent validation phase based on multiple-reaction monitoring LC-MS/MS relied on both retention time matching of authentic standards along with fragmentation data for a qualitative overview of the most prominent organic compounds present. Definitive and putative identifications were determined for over 70 metabolites based on reporting guidelines set forth by the Metabolomics Standards Initiative (Metabolomics 3(3):211-221, 2007), and the capability of electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) to profile untargeted metabolites within a complex matrix using mass spectral matching is demonstrated. Bottom-up proteomic analyses were possible using peptide databases translated from expressed sequence tags (ESTs). Homology searches provided identification of novel Vaccinium proteins based on homology to related genera. Chromatographic fingerprints of these berry materials were acquired for supplemental qualitative information to be provided to users of these SRMs. An unbounded set of qualitative data about a biomaterial is a valuable complement to quantitative information traditionally provided in NIST Certificates of Analysis.
C1 [Lowenthal, Mark S.; Phillips, Melissa M.; Rimmer, Catherine A.; Phinney, Karen W.] NIST, Div Analyt Chem, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Rudnick, Paul A.; Simon-Manso, Yamil; Stein, Stephen E.; Tchekhovskoi, Dmitrii] NIST, Chem & Biochem Reference Data Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Lowenthal, MS (reprint author), NIST, Div Analyt Chem, 100 Bur Dr,Stop 8392, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM mark.lowenthal@nist.gov
RI Tchekhovskoi, Dmitrii/J-2319-2014
NR 66
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 5
U2 52
PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG
PI HEIDELBERG
PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY
SN 1618-2642
J9 ANAL BIOANAL CHEM
JI Anal. Bioanal. Chem.
PD MAY
PY 2013
VL 405
IS 13
BP 4451
EP 4465
DI 10.1007/s00216-012-6346-3
PG 15
WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry
GA 131DK
UT WOS:000317972200016
PM 22941178
ER
PT J
AU Lowenthal, MS
Andriamaharavo, NR
Stein, SE
Phinney, KW
AF Lowenthal, Mark S.
Andriamaharavo, Nirina R.
Stein, Stephen E.
Phinney, Karen W.
TI Characterizing Vaccinium berry Standard Reference Materials by GCaEuroMS
using NIST spectral libraries
SO ANALYTICAL AND BIOANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE Vaccinium; GC-MS; Qualitative analysis; Reference materials; Mass
spectral library; Metabolites
ID PHENOLIC-COMPOUNDS; CRANBERRY JUICE; APOPTOSIS; IDENTIFICATION;
PROLIFERATION; ANTHOCYANINS; METABOLOMICS; BIOMARKERS; RESISTANCE; CELLS
AB A gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS)-based method was developed for qualitative characterization of metabolites found in Vaccinium fruit (berry) dietary supplement Standard Reference Materials (SRMs). Definitive identifications are provided for 98 unique metabolites determined among six Vaccinium-related SRMs. Metabolites were enriched using an organic liquid/liquid extraction, and derivatized prior to GC-MS analysis. Electron ionization (EI) fragmentation spectra were searched against EI spectra of authentic standards compiled in the National Institute of Standards and Technology's mass spectral libraries, as well as spectra selected from the literature. Metabolite identifications were further validated using a retention index match along with prior probabilities and were compared with results obtained in a previous effort using collision-induced dissociation (CID) MS/MS datasets from liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry experiments. This manuscript describes a nontargeted metabolite profile of Vaccinium materials, compares results among related materials and from orthogonal experimental platforms, and discusses the feasibility and development of using mass spectral library matching for nontargeted metabolite identification.
C1 [Lowenthal, Mark S.; Andriamaharavo, Nirina R.; Stein, Stephen E.; Phinney, Karen W.] NIST, Biomol Measurement Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Lowenthal, MS (reprint author), NIST, Biomol Measurement Div, 100 Bur Dr,Stop 8392, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM mark.lowenthal@nist.gov
NR 27
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 17
PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG
PI HEIDELBERG
PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY
SN 1618-2642
J9 ANAL BIOANAL CHEM
JI Anal. Bioanal. Chem.
PD MAY
PY 2013
VL 405
IS 13
BP 4467
EP 4476
DI 10.1007/s00216-012-6610-6
PG 10
WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry
GA 131DK
UT WOS:000317972200017
PM 23291961
ER
PT J
AU MacCrehan, WA
White, CM
AF MacCrehan, William A.
White, Christian M.
TI Simplified ultrasonically- and microwave-assisted solvent extractions
for the determination of ginsenosides in powdered Panax ginseng rhizomes
using liquid chromatography with UV absorbance or electrospray mass
spectrometric detection
SO ANALYTICAL AND BIOANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE Ginsenoside; Liquid Chromatography with Ultraviolet/Visible Detection
(LCUV); LC with Electrospray Mass Spectrometry (LCMS); Panax ginseng;
Malonyl-ginsenoside; Ultrasonically-assisted solvent extraction;
Microwave-assisted solvent extraction
ID TRADITIONAL CHINESE MEDICINE; MALONYL GINSENOSIDES; PERFORMANCE;
METABOLOMICS
AB New approaches for the recovery of ginsenosides are presented that greatly simplify the liquid chromatographic (LC) determination of the total content of eight ginsenosides (Rb-1, Rb-2, Rc, Rd, Re, Rf, Rg(1) and Rg(2)) in powdered Panax ginseng rhizomes. The extraction protocols not only recover the neutral ginsenosides, but also simultaneously incorporate base-catalyzed hydrolysis of the malonyl-ginsenosides using dilute potassium hydroxide added to the methanol-water extractant. This eliminates the need for an independent extraction step followed by acid- or base-catalyzed hydrolysis. Both ultrasonically-assisted and microwave-assisted extraction methods are developed. The optimization of these simplified methods to remove pendant malonate esters, while retaining the glycosidic linkages, was determined by LC through variation of the extraction/hydrolysis time, order of hydrolysis reagent addition, and evaluation of multiple extractions. A comparison of the ginsenoside profiles obtained with and without addition of base to the extractant solution was made using LCMS with positive-mode electrospray ionization (ESI+) detection. A number of malonyl-ginsenosides were tentatively identified by their mass spectral fragmentation spectra and indicating that they were converted to the free ginsenosides by the new extraction/hydrolysis procedure.
C1 [MacCrehan, William A.; White, Christian M.] NIST, Div Chem Sci, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP MacCrehan, WA (reprint author), NIST, Div Chem Sci, 100 Bur Dr,Mail Stop 8392, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM william.maccrehan@nist.gov
FU National Institute of Standards and Technology; National Institutes of
Health, Office of Dietary Supplements
FX This research was performed while the author CM White held a National
Research Council Research Associateship Award at the National Institute
of Standards and Technology. Partial funding for this work was provided
by the National Institutes of Health, Office of Dietary Supplements.
NR 18
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 50
PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG
PI HEIDELBERG
PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY
SN 1618-2642
J9 ANAL BIOANAL CHEM
JI Anal. Bioanal. Chem.
PD MAY
PY 2013
VL 405
IS 13
BP 4511
EP 4522
DI 10.1007/s00216-013-6871-8
PG 12
WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry
GA 131DK
UT WOS:000317972200021
PM 23564283
ER
PT J
AU Schantz, MM
Sander, LC
Sharpless, KE
Wise, SA
Yen, JH
NguyenPho, A
Betz, JM
AF Schantz, Michele M.
Sander, Lane C.
Sharpless, Katherine E.
Wise, Stephen A.
Yen, James H.
NguyenPho, Agnes
Betz, Joseph M.
TI Development of botanical and fish oil standard reference materials for
fatty acids
SO ANALYTICAL AND BIOANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE Fatty acid; Omega-3; Omega-6; Plant oil; Fish oil; Reference material
ID EXTRACT
AB As part of a collaboration with the National Institutes of Health's Office of Dietary Supplements and the Food and Drug Administration's Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, the National Institute of Standards and Technology has developed Standard Reference Material (SRM) 3274 Botanical Oils Containing Omega-3 and Omega-6 Fatty Acids and SRM 3275 Omega-3 and Omega-6 Fatty Acids in Fish Oil. SRM 3274 consists of one ampoule of each of four seed oils (3274-1 Borage (Borago officinalis), 3274-2 Evening Primrose (Oenothera biennis), 3274-3 Flax (Linium usitatissimum), and 3274-4 Perilla (Perilla frutescens)), and SRM 3275 consists of two ampoules of each of three fish oils (3275-1 a concentrate high in docosahexaenoic acid, 3275-2 an anchovy oil high in docosahexaenoic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid, and 3275-3 a concentrate containing 60 % long-chain omega-3 fatty acids). Each oil has certified and reference mass fraction values for up to 20 fatty acids. The fatty acid mass fraction values are based on results from analyses using gas chromatography with flame ionization detection (GC-FID) and mass spectrometry (GC/MS). These SRMs will complement other reference materials currently available with mass fractions for similar analytes and are part of a series of SRMs being developed for dietary supplements.
C1 [Schantz, Michele M.; Sander, Lane C.; Sharpless, Katherine E.; Wise, Stephen A.] NIST, Div Analyt Chem, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Yen, James H.] NIST, Stat Engn Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[NguyenPho, Agnes] US FDA, CDER, Silver Spring, MD 20993 USA.
[Betz, Joseph M.] NIH, Off Dietary Supplements, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA.
RP Schantz, MM (reprint author), NIST, Div Analyt Chem, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM michele.schantz@nist.gov
OI Sharpless, Katherine/0000-0001-6569-198X
NR 21
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 1
U2 31
PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG
PI HEIDELBERG
PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY
SN 1618-2642
J9 ANAL BIOANAL CHEM
JI Anal. Bioanal. Chem.
PD MAY
PY 2013
VL 405
IS 13
BP 4531
EP 4538
DI 10.1007/s00216-013-6747-y
PG 8
WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry
GA 131DK
UT WOS:000317972200023
PM 23371533
ER
PT J
AU Thomas, JB
Yen, JH
Sharpless, KE
AF Thomas, Jeanice B.
Yen, James H.
Sharpless, Katherine E.
TI Characterization of NIST food-matrix standard reference materials for
their vitamin C content
SO ANALYTICAL AND BIOANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE Ascorbic acid; Food; Reference material; Standard reference material;
Liquid chromatography; Absorbance detection
ID BIOLOGICAL SAMPLES; ASCORBIC-ACID; FORMULA
AB The vitamin C concentrations in three food-matrix Standard Reference Materials (SRMs) from the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) have been determined by liquid chromatography (LC) with absorbance detection. These materials (SRM 1549a Whole Milk Powder, SRM 1849a Infant/Adult Nutritional Formula, and SRM 3233 Fortified Breakfast Cereal) have been characterized to support analytical measurements made by food processors that are required to provide information about their products' vitamin C content on the labels of products distributed in the United States. The SRMs are primarily intended for use in validating analytical methods for the determination of selected vitamins, elements, fatty acids, and other nutrients in these materials and in similar matrixes. They can also be used for quality assurance in the characterization of test samples or in-house control materials, and for establishing measurement traceability. Within-day precision of the LC method used to measure vitamin C in the food-matrix SRMs characterized in this study ranged from 2.7 % to 6.5 %.
C1 [Thomas, Jeanice B.; Sharpless, Katherine E.] NIST, Div Chem Sci, Mat Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Yen, James H.] NIST, Stat Engn Div, Informat Technol Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Thomas, JB (reprint author), NIST, Div Chem Sci, Mat Measurement Lab, 100 Bur Dr Stop 8392, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM jbthomas@nist.gov; james.yen@nist.gov; katherine.sharpless@nist.gov
OI Sharpless, Katherine/0000-0001-6569-198X
NR 23
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 10
PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG
PI HEIDELBERG
PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY
SN 1618-2642
J9 ANAL BIOANAL CHEM
JI Anal. Bioanal. Chem.
PD MAY
PY 2013
VL 405
IS 13
BP 4539
EP 4548
DI 10.1007/s00216-013-6891-4
PG 10
WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry
GA 131DK
UT WOS:000317972200024
PM 23529413
ER
PT J
AU Camara, JE
Lowenthal, MS
Phinney, KW
AF Camara, Johanna E.
Lowenthal, Mark S.
Phinney, Karen W.
TI Determination of fortified and endogenous folates in food-based Standard
Reference Materials by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry
SO ANALYTICAL AND BIOANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE Folate; Fortification; Reference materials; LC-MS/MS
ID TRIENZYME EXTRACTION; MICROBIOLOGICAL ASSAY; NUTRITIONAL FORMULA;
FORTIFICATION; BIOAVAILABILITY; PRODUCTS; AFFINITY
AB The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) is developing a wide variety of Standard Reference Materials (SRMs) to support measurements of vitamins and other nutrients in foods. Previously, NIST has provided SRMs with values assigned for the folate vitamer, folic acid (pteroylglutamic acid), which is fortified in several foods due to its role in prevention of neural tube defects. In order to expand the number of food-based SRMs with values assigned for folic acid, as well as additional endogenous folates, NIST has developed methods that include trienzyme digestion and isotope-dilution liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometric (LC-MS/MS) analysis. Sample preparation was optimized for each individual food type, but all samples were analyzed under the same LC-MS/MS conditions. The application of these methods resulted in folic acid values for SRM 1849a Infant/Adult Nutritional Formula and SRM 3233 Fortified Breakfast Cereal of (2.33 +/- 0.06) mu g/g and (16.0 +/- 0.7) mu g/g, respectively. In addition, the endogenous folate vitamer 5-methlytetrahydrofolate (5-MTHF) was detected and quantified in SRM 1849a Infant/Adult Nutritional Formula, candidate SRM 1549a Whole Milk Powder, and candidate SRM 1845a Whole Egg Powder, resulting in values of (0.0839 +/- 0.0071) mu g/g, (0.211 +/- 0.014) mu g/g, and (0.838 +/- 0.044) mu g/g, respectively. SRM 1849a Infant/Adult Nutritional Formula is the first food-based NIST SRM to possess a reference value for 5-MTHF and the first certified reference material to have an assigned 5-MTHF value based on LC-MS/MS. The values obtained for folic acid and 5-MTHF by LC-MS/MS will be incorporated into the final value assignments for all these food-based SRMs.
C1 [Camara, Johanna E.] NIST, Div Chem Sci, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Lowenthal, Mark S.; Phinney, Karen W.] NIST, Biomol Measurement Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Camara, JE (reprint author), NIST, Div Chem Sci, 100 Bur Dr,MS 8392, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM johanna.camara@nist.gov
NR 24
TC 2
Z9 3
U1 2
U2 25
PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG
PI HEIDELBERG
PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY
SN 1618-2642
J9 ANAL BIOANAL CHEM
JI Anal. Bioanal. Chem.
PD MAY
PY 2013
VL 405
IS 13
BP 4561
EP 4568
DI 10.1007/s00216-013-6733-4
PG 8
WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry
GA 131DK
UT WOS:000317972200026
PM 23354578
ER
PT J
AU Wood, LJ
Lippa, KA
Phillips, MM
Rimmer, CA
Heckert, NA
Leigh, SD
Moors, AJ
Pugh, RS
Rust, LB
AF Wood, Laura J.
Lippa, Katrice A.
Phillips, Melissa M.
Rimmer, Catherine A.
Heckert, N. Alan
Leigh, Stefan D.
Moors, Amanda J.
Pugh, Rebecca S.
Rust, Lauren B.
TI Breakfast cereal sampling study for nutritional elements
SO ANALYTICAL AND BIOANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE Sampling; Nutritional analysis; Food; Reference materials; Nutritional
elements
AB The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) has established a Dietary Supplement Laboratory Quality Assurance Program (DSQAP) in collaboration with the National Institutes of Health Office of Dietary Supplements (NIH-ODS). The DSQAP invites laboratories twice annually to participate in interlaboratory studies where participants elect to measure concentrations of nutritional and/or toxic elements as well as active and/or marker compounds. One of these studies was designed to determine the effects of material granularity and sample processing techniques on measurement variability (precision) as well as to provide participating laboratories information on their performance relative to the NIST assigned values (bias) and to the other participants (concordance). Participants were asked to determine the mass fractions of Ca, Fe, and Zn, in mg/kg, in six breakfast cereal samples. Cereal samples consisted of three ground materials (homogenized wheat, wheat, and rice), two flake materials (wheat and rice) and a partially crushed material (a wheat/rice mixture). In general, approximately 25 % of the laboratories processed and analyzed the suite of six cereal materials with adequate to exemplary measurement precision. Over half of the laboratories (60 %) experienced measurement issues related to only a particular type of cereal matrix or for only a single element. A small number (15 %) of laboratories experienced significant sample processing or measurement problems. Future studies planned by the DSQAP may be designed to use commercial products to aid laboratories with their sampling and analytical techniques.
C1 [Wood, Laura J.; Lippa, Katrice A.; Phillips, Melissa M.; Rimmer, Catherine A.; Heckert, N. Alan; Leigh, Stefan D.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Moors, Amanda J.; Pugh, Rebecca S.; Rust, Lauren B.] NIST, Charleston, SC 29412 USA.
RP Wood, LJ (reprint author), NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM laura.wood@nist.gov
FU NIH-ODS
FX The on-going DSQAP is a collaborative effort with NIH-ODS, and we
acknowledge NIH-ODS for their partial support of these activities.
NR 17
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 15
PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG
PI HEIDELBERG
PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY
SN 1618-2642
J9 ANAL BIOANAL CHEM
JI Anal. Bioanal. Chem.
PD MAY
PY 2013
VL 405
IS 13
BP 4569
EP 4578
DI 10.1007/s00216-013-6727-2
PG 10
WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry
GA 131DK
UT WOS:000317972200027
PM 23380950
ER
PT J
AU Murphy, KE
Vetter, TW
AF Murphy, Karen E.
Vetter, Thomas W.
TI Recognizing and overcoming analytical error in the use of ICP-MS for the
determination of cadmium in breakfast cereal and dietary supplements
SO ANALYTICAL AND BIOANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE Foods; Mass spectrometry; ICP-MS; Metals; Heavy metals; Reference
materials; Trace elements; Separations; Instrumentation
ID STANDARD REFERENCE MATERIALS; DILUTION MASS-SPECTROMETRY; SAMPLES;
CERTIFICATION; TRACE
AB The potential effect of spectral interference on the accurate measurement of the cadmium (Cd) mass fraction in fortified breakfast cereal and a variety of dietary supplement materials using inductively coupled plasma quadrupole mass spectrometry was studied. The materials were two new standard reference materials (SRMs)-SRM 3233 Fortified Breakfast Cereal and SRM 3532 Calcium Dietary Supplement-as well as several existing materials-SRM 3258 Bitter Orange Fruit, SRM 3259 Bitter Orange Extract, SRM 3260 Bitter Orange-containing Solid Oral Dosage Form, and SRM 3280 Multivitamin/Multielement Tablets. Samples were prepared for analysis using the method of isotope dilution and measured using various operating and sample introduction configurations including standard mode, collision cell with kinetic energy discrimination mode, and standard mode with sample introduction via a desolvating nebulizer system. Three isotope pairs, Cd-112/Cd-111, Cd-113/Cd-111, and Cd-114/Cd-111, were measured. Cadmium mass fraction results for the unseparated samples of each material, measured using the three instrument configurations and isotope pairs, were compared to the results obtained after the matrix was removed via chemical separation using anion exchange chromatography. In four of the six materials studied, measurements using the standard mode with sample introduction via the desolvating nebulizer gave results for the unseparated samples quantified with the Cd-112/Cd-111 isotope pair that showed a positive bias relative to the matrix-separated samples, which indicated a persistent inference at m/z 112 with this configuration. Use of the standard mode, without the desolvating nebulizer, also gave results that showed a positive bias for the unseparated samples quantified with the Cd-112/Cd-111 isotope pair in three of the materials studied. Collision cell/kinetic energy discrimination mode, however, was very effective for reducing spectral interference for Cd in all of the materials and isotope pairs studied, except in the multivitamin/multielement matrix (SRM 3280) where the large corrections for known isobaric interferences or unidentified interferences compromised the accuracy. For SRM 3280, matrix separation provided the best method to achieve accurate measurement of Cd.
C1 [Murphy, Karen E.; Vetter, Thomas W.] NIST, Mat Measurement Lab, Div Chem Sci, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Murphy, KE (reprint author), NIST, Mat Measurement Lab, Div Chem Sci, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM karen.murphy@nist.gov
NR 26
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 2
U2 57
PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG
PI HEIDELBERG
PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY
SN 1618-2642
J9 ANAL BIOANAL CHEM
JI Anal. Bioanal. Chem.
PD MAY
PY 2013
VL 405
IS 13
BP 4579
EP 4588
DI 10.1007/s00216-013-6855-8
PG 10
WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry
GA 131DK
UT WOS:000317972200028
PM 23479125
ER
PT J
AU Rhieu, SY
Urbas, AA
Lippa, KA
Reipa, V
AF Rhieu, Steve Y.
Urbas, Aaron A.
Lippa, Katrice A.
Reipa, Vytas
TI Quantitative measurements of glutathione in yeast cell lysate using H-1
NMR
SO ANALYTICAL AND BIOANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE Quantitative NMR; Spectral subtraction; Glutathione
ID PERIPHERAL-BLOOD LYMPHOCYTES; SPIN-ECHO NMR; SIGNAL-TRANSDUCTION; HUMAN
ERYTHROCYTES; REDOX STATE; THIOLS; INTACT; PROLIFERATION; DISULFIDE
AB Methods for quantifying the level of glutathione (GSH) in yeast cell lysate are described using H-1 NMR analysis. For quantification purposes, the H-1 resonances corresponding to the Cys beta CH2 of GSH were identified as having the fewest overlapping spectral interferences from lysate matrix components using GSH spiked yeast lysate samples. Two methods, standard addition based on peak integration and a spectral subtraction approach, were evaluated for quantifying GSH in lysate samples. The peak integration procedure required baseline estimation and a peak fitting step to correct for background interferences while the spectral subtraction procedure was comparatively straightforward. The level of GSH measured by H-1 NMR was in good agreement with the concentration measured by the DTNB-GSSG reductase recycling assay. The proposed NMR method can lead to a reliable quantitation of GSH and could be applicable to a variety of other analytes of interest in complex biological matrices.
C1 [Rhieu, Steve Y.; Urbas, Aaron A.; Reipa, Vytas] NIST, Biosyst & Biomat Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Lippa, Katrice A.] NIST, Div Chem Sci, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Rhieu, SY (reprint author), NIST, Biosyst & Biomat Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM steve.rhieu@nist.gov; vytautas.reipa@nist.gov
NR 20
TC 3
Z9 4
U1 2
U2 20
PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG
PI HEIDELBERG
PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY
SN 1618-2642
J9 ANAL BIOANAL CHEM
JI Anal. Bioanal. Chem.
PD MAY
PY 2013
VL 405
IS 14
BP 4963
EP 4968
DI 10.1007/s00216-013-6858-5
PG 6
WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry
GA 135TW
UT WOS:000318312400031
PM 23471371
ER
PT J
AU Zeng, N
King, AW
Zaitchik, B
Wullschleger, SD
Gregg, J
Wang, SQ
Kirk-Davidoff, D
AF Zeng, Ning
King, Anthony W.
Zaitchik, Ben
Wullschleger, Stan D.
Gregg, Jay
Wang, Shaoqiang
Kirk-Davidoff, Dan
TI Carbon sequestration via wood harvest and storage: An assessment of its
harvest potential
SO CLIMATIC CHANGE
LA English
DT Article
ID ATMOSPHERIC CARBON; CLIMATE-CHANGE; CROP RESIDUE; LAND-USE; PRODUCTS;
MITIGATE; DIOXIDE
AB A carbon sequestration strategy has recently been proposed in which a forest is actively managed, and a fraction of the wood is selectively harvested and stored to prevent decomposition. The forest serves as a 'carbon scrubber' or 'carbon remover' that provides continuous sequestration (negative emissions). Earlier estimates of the theoretical potential of wood harvest and storage (WHS) based on coarse wood production rates were 10 +/- 5 GtC y(-1). Starting from this physical limit, here we apply a number of practical constraints: (1) land not available due to agriculture; (2) forest set aside as protected areas, assuming 50 % in the tropics and 20 % in temperate and boreal forests; (3) forests difficult to access due to steep terrain; (4) wood use for other purposes such as timber and paper. This 'top-down' approach yields a WHS potential 2.8 GtC y(-1). Alternatively, a 'bottom-up' approach, assuming more efficient wood use without increasing harvest, finds 0.1-0.5 GtC y(-1) available for carbon sequestration. We suggest a range of 1-3 GtC y(-1) carbon sequestration potential if major effort is made to expand managed forests and/or to increase harvest intensity. The implementation of such a scheme at our estimated lower value of 1 GtC y(-1) would imply a doubling of the current world wood harvest rate. This can be achieved by harvesting wood at a moderate harvesting intensity of 1.2 tC ha(-1) y(-1), over a forest area of 8 Mkm(2) (800 Mha). To achieve the higher value of 3 GtC y(-1), forests need to be managed this way on half of the world's forested land, or on a smaller area but with higher harvest intensity. We recommend WHS be considered part of the portfolio of climate mitigation and adaptation options that needs further research.
C1 [Zeng, Ning] Univ Maryland, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Zeng, Ning] Univ Maryland, Earth Syst Sci Interdisciplinary Ctr, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[King, Anthony W.; Wullschleger, Stan D.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Zaitchik, Ben] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.
[Gregg, Jay] Tech Univ Denmark, Riso Natl Lab Sustainable Energy, Roskilde, Denmark.
[Wang, Shaoqiang] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Geog Sci & Nat Resources Res, Beijing, Peoples R China.
[Kirk-Davidoff, Dan] MDA Informat Syst Inc, Climate Serv, Gaithersburg, MD USA.
[Kirk-Davidoff, Dan] MDA Informat Syst Inc, Weather Serv, Gaithersburg, MD USA.
RP Zeng, N (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
EM zeng@atmos.umd.edu
RI Gregg, Jay/C-6732-2011; Zeng, Ning/A-3130-2008; Wullschleger,
Stan/B-8297-2012
OI Gregg, Jay/0000-0003-3946-3099; Zeng, Ning/0000-0002-7489-7629;
Wullschleger, Stan/0000-0002-9869-0446
FU NSF [AGS-1129088]; NOAA [NA10OAR4310248]; U.S. Department of Energy
(DOE), Office of Science, Biological and Environmental Research (BER)
program; DOE [DE-AC05-00OR22725]
FX We are grateful for discussion and critiques from Gregg Marland,
Lianhong Gu, Brian Cook, Peter Read, Ross Salawitch, Steve Smith, Cesar
Izzaraulde, Dalia Abbas, Richard Birdsey, Linda Heath, Yude Pan, Ben
Bond-Lamberty, Tris West, Brent Sohngen, Tony Janetos, Fritz Scholz,
George Hurtt, Ruth DeFries, Thomas Schelling, Freeman Dyson, Paul
Crutzen, Graham Stinson, Neil Sampson, Ruben Lubowski, Alexander Golub,
Matt Pearson, Roger Sedjo, Steven Hamburg, and Ian Noble. This work
resulted in part from a workshop entitled "Ecological carbon
sequestration via wood burial and storage: A strategy for climate
mitigation and adaptation", held at the Heinz Center, Washington DC
during September 9-10, 2010. This work was supported by NSF grant
AGS-1129088, and NOAA grant NA10OAR4310248. AWK and SDW acknowledge
support from the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Science,
Biological and Environmental Research (BER) program. Oak Ridge National
Laboratory is managed by UT-Battelle, LLC, for the DOE under contract
DE-AC05-00OR22725.
NR 33
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 34
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0165-0009
J9 CLIMATIC CHANGE
JI Clim. Change
PD MAY
PY 2013
VL 118
IS 2
BP 245
EP 257
DI 10.1007/s10584-012-0624-0
PG 13
WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 130OC
UT WOS:000317926800007
ER
PT J
AU Peterson, EE
Ver Hoef, JM
Isaak, DJ
Falke, JA
Fortin, MJ
Jordan, CE
McNyset, K
Monestiez, P
Ruesch, AS
Sengupta, A
Som, N
Steel, EA
Theobald, DM
Torgersen, CE
Wenger, SJ
AF Peterson, Erin E.
Ver Hoef, Jay M.
Isaak, Dan J.
Falke, Jeffrey A.
Fortin, Marie-Josee
Jordan, Chris E.
McNyset, Kristina
Monestiez, Pascal
Ruesch, Aaron S.
Sengupta, Aritra
Som, Nicholas
Steel, E. Ashley
Theobald, David M.
Torgersen, Christian E.
Wenger, Seth J.
TI Modelling dendritic ecological networks in space: an integrated network
perspective
SO ECOLOGY LETTERS
LA English
DT Review
DE Connectivity; dendritic ecological network; directionality; network
analysis; scales; spatial statistics; stream network; taxonomy of
network analyses
ID SPATIAL STATISTICAL-MODELS; MOVING-AVERAGE APPROACH; STREAM NETWORKS;
RIVER NETWORK; BIODIVERSITY PATTERNS; TROUT POPULATIONS; MANTEL TEST;
NEW-JERSEY; CONNECTIVITY; DYNAMICS
AB Dendritic ecological networks (DENs) are a unique form of ecological networks that exhibit a dendritic network topology (e.g. stream and cave networks or plant architecture). DENs have a dual spatial representation; as points within the network and as points in geographical space. Consequently, some analytical methods used to quantify relationships in other types of ecological networks, or in 2-D space, may be inadequate for studying the influence of structure and connectivity on ecological processes within DENs. We propose a conceptual taxonomy of network analysis methods that account for DEN characteristics to varying degrees and provide a synthesis of the different approaches within the context of stream ecology. Within this context, we summarise the key innovations of a new family of spatial statistical models that describe spatial relationships in DENs. Finally, we discuss how different network analyses may be combined to address more complex and novel research questions. While our main focus is streams, the taxonomy of network analyses is also relevant anywhere spatial patterns in both network and 2-D space can be used to explore the influence of multi-scale processes on biota and their habitat (e.g. plant morphology and pest infestation, or preferential migration along stream or road corridors).
C1 [Peterson, Erin E.] CSIRO Div Math Informat & Stat, Dutton Pk, Qld, Australia.
[Ver Hoef, Jay M.] NOAA, Natl Marine Mammal Lab, Seattle, WA USA.
[Isaak, Dan J.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Boise, ID USA.
[Falke, Jeffrey A.; McNyset, Kristina] Oregon State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[Fortin, Marie-Josee] Univ Toronto, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Toronto, ON, Canada.
[Jordan, Chris E.] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Conservat Biol Div, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
[Monestiez, Pascal] INRA, Unite Biostat & Proc Spatiaux, Avignon, France.
[Ruesch, Aaron S.] Univ Washington, Sch Environm & Forest Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Sengupta, Aritra] Ohio State Univ, Dept Stat, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
[Som, Nicholas] Oregon State Univ, Dept Forest Ecosyst & Soc, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[Steel, E. Ashley] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific NW Res Stn, Seattle, WA USA.
[Theobald, David M.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Fish Wildlife & Conservat Biol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Torgersen, Christian E.] Univ Washington, US Geol Survey, Forest & Rangeland Ecosyst Sci Ctr, Cascadia Field Stn,Sch Environm & Forest Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Wenger, Seth J.] Trout Unltd, Boise, ID USA.
RP Peterson, EE (reprint author), CSIRO Div Math Informat & Stat, Dutton Pk, Qld, Australia.
EM Erin.Peterson@csiro.au
RI Peterson, Erin/D-2360-2009;
OI Ver Hoef, Jay/0000-0003-4302-6895; Monestiez, Pascal/0000-0001-5851-2699
FU National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis; National Science
Foundation [EF-0553768]; University of California, Santa Barbara; State
of California
FX This study was conducted as part of the Spatial Statistics for Streams
Working Group supported by the National Center for Ecological Analysis
and Synthesis, a Center funded by the National Science Foundation (Grant
# EF-0553768), the University of California, Santa Barbara and the State
of California. We thank G.H. Reeves and K.M. Burnett at the US Forest
Service Pacific Northwest Research Station for providing the rainbow
trout abundance data used to develop the Torgegram in Fig. 7b. We also
thank Frederieke Kroon, Nick Bond, Dan Pagendam and three anonymous
reviewers for constructive comments on previous versions of this
manuscript. Note that, any use of trade, product, or firm names is for
descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the US
Government.
NR 100
TC 46
Z9 46
U1 11
U2 173
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1461-023X
J9 ECOL LETT
JI Ecol. Lett.
PD MAY
PY 2013
VL 16
IS 5
BP 707
EP 719
DI 10.1111/ele.12084
PG 13
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 132OA
UT WOS:000318077200017
PM 23458322
ER
PT J
AU Delgado, P
Hensel, PF
Swarth, CW
Ceroni, M
Boumans, R
AF Delgado, P.
Hensel, P. F.
Swarth, C. W.
Ceroni, M.
Boumans, R.
TI Sustainability of a Tidal Freshwater Marsh Exposed to a Long-term
Hydrologic Barrier and Sea Level Rise A Short-term and Decadal Analysis
of Elevation Change Dynamics
SO ESTUARIES AND COASTS
LA English
DT Article
DE Surface elevation change; Accretion; Tidal freshwater marsh; Seasonal
sedimentation; Jug Bay; Patuxent River; Sustainability
ID SEDIMENTATION-EROSION TABLE; HIGH-PRECISION MEASUREMENTS; RHONE RIVER
DELTA; SALT MARSHES; VERTICAL ACCRETION; CHESAPEAKE BAY; WETLAND;
DEPOSITION; VEGETATION; LOUISIANA
AB A 115-year-old railroad levee bisecting a tidal freshwater marsh perpendicular to the Patuxent River (Maryland) channel has created a northern, upstream marsh and a southern, downstream marsh. The main purpose of this study was to determine how this levee may affect the ability of the marsh system to gain elevation and to determine the levee's impact on the marsh's long-term sustainability to local relative sea level rise (RSLR). Previously unpublished data from 1989 to 1992 showed that suspended solids and short-term sediment deposition were greater in the south marsh compared to the north marsh; wetland surface elevation change data (1999 to 2009) showed significantly higher elevation gain in the south marsh compared to the north (6 +/- 2 vs. 0 +/- 2 mm year(-1), respectively). However, marsh surface accretion (2007 to 2009) showed no significant differences between north and south marshes (23 +/- 8 and 26 +/- 7 mm year(-1), respectively), and showed that shallow subsidence was an important process in both marshes. A strong seasonal effect was evident for both accretion and elevation change, with significant gains during the growing season and elevation loss during the non-growing season. Sediment transport, deposition and accretion decreased along the intertidal gradient, although no clear patterns in elevation change were recorded. Given the range in local RSLR rates in the Chesapeake Bay (2.9 to 5.8 mm year(-1)), only the south marsh is keeping pace with sea level at the present time. Although one would expect the north marsh to benefit from high accretion of abundant riverine sediments, these results suggest that long-term elevation gain is a more nuanced process involving more than riverine sediments. Overall, other factors such as infrequent episodic coastal events may be important in allowing the south marsh to keep pace with sea level rise. Finally, caution should be exercised when using data sets spanning only a couple of years to estimate wetland sustainability as they may not be representative of long-term cumulative effects. Two years of data do not seem to be enough to establish long-term elevation change rates at Jug Bay, but instead a decadal time frame is more appropriate.
C1 [Delgado, P.] Chesapeake Bay Natl Estuarine Res Reserve, Maryland Dept Nat Resources, Annapolis, MD 21401 USA.
[Hensel, P. F.] NOAA, Natl Geodet Survey, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
[Swarth, C. W.] Jug Bay Wetlands Sanctuary, Lothian, MD 20711 USA.
[Ceroni, M.] Univ Vermont, Gund Inst Ecol Econ, Burlington, VT 05405 USA.
[Ceroni, M.] Univ Vermont, Dept Plant Biol, Burlington, VT 05405 USA.
[Boumans, R.] Afordable Futures LLC, Charlotte, VT 05445 USA.
RP Delgado, P (reprint author), Chesapeake Bay Natl Estuarine Res Reserve, Maryland Dept Nat Resources, 580 Taylor Ave,E2, Annapolis, MD 21401 USA.
EM pdelgado@dnr.state.md.us
FU NOAA/UNH Cooperative Institute for Coastal and Estuarine Environmental
Technology (CICEET), Durham, NH; Anne Arundel County Department of
Recreation and Parks
FX The authors thank the Jug Bay Wetlands Sanctuary staff for their
valuable help with logistics and laboratory space. We also thank
Ferdinando Villa, Pamela Behm, Camilo Lewis Gonzales, Catherina Sikkes,
Theodore Sikkes, Rachel Dickey, Lindsay Hollister, Valerie Pfeiffer,
Lindsay Carroll, and Cathy Ervin for help with fieldwork. Additional
thanks go to Jim Morris for providing 1989 sedimentation data. The first
phase of this study was supported by a grant from the NOAA/UNH
Cooperative Institute for Coastal and Estuarine Environmental Technology
(CICEET), Durham, NH. We also thank the Anne Arundel County Department
of Recreation and Parks for funding support.
NR 48
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 2
U2 29
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1559-2723
J9 ESTUAR COAST
JI Estuaries Coasts
PD MAY
PY 2013
VL 36
IS 3
BP 585
EP 594
DI 10.1007/s12237-013-9587-2
PG 10
WC Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 135NP
UT WOS:000318295300012
ER
PT J
AU Vincent, RE
Burdick, DM
Dionne, M
AF Vincent, Robert E.
Burdick, David M.
Dionne, Michele
TI Ditching and Ditch-Plugging in New England Salt Marshes: Effects on
Hydrology, Elevation, and Soil Characteristics
SO ESTUARIES AND COASTS
LA English
DT Article
DE Hydrologic alteration; Self-maintenance; Subsidence; Carbon storage; Sea
level
ID GRASS SPARTINA-PATENS; SURFACE-TOPOGRAPHY; LOUISIANA; ACCRETION;
ALTERNIFLORA; HYDROPERIOD; COMMUNITY; CARBON; PEAT
AB Anthropogenic activities in New England salt marshes have altered hydrologic flows in various ways, but unintended consequences from some types of habitat modifications have received little attention. Specifically, ditches have existed on salt marshes for decades, but the effects of these hydrologic alterations are only poorly understood. Ditch-plugging is a more recent methodology used for salt marsh habitat enhancement and mosquito control, but the long-term effects from this management practice are also unclear. The interactions involving marsh surface elevation, soil characteristics, and hydrologic regimes result in feedbacks that regulate the salt marsh self-maintenance process, and these interactions vary with hydrologic modification. Using natural tidal creeks and pools as controls, we examined the effects of ditching and plugging, respectively, on hydrology, surface elevations, and soils. Results showed the most apparent effects of altered hydrology from ditching are prolonged pore-water retention in the rooting zone and significantly lower soil bulk density and mineral content when compared with natural creek habitat. From a management perspective, the important question is whether the combined alterations to physical and biological processes will hinder the marsh's ability to keep pace with increasing rates of sea level rise, especially in more heavily ditched marshes. In contrast, ditch-plugging results in the decoupling of feedback processes that promote salt marsh self-maintenance and in doing so, threatens marsh stability and resilience to climate change. High surface water levels, permanently saturated soils, marsh subsidence, and significantly lower bulk density, carbon storage, soil strength, and redox levels associated with hydrologic alterations from ditch-plugging all support this conclusion.
C1 [Vincent, Robert E.] NOAA, Fisheries Serv, Gloucester, MA 01930 USA.
[Vincent, Robert E.; Burdick, David M.] Univ New Hampshire, Jackson Estuarine Lab, Durham, NH 03824 USA.
[Dionne, Michele] Wells Natl Estuarine Res Reserve, Wells, ME 04090 USA.
RP Vincent, RE (reprint author), NOAA, Fisheries Serv, 55 Great Republ Dr, Gloucester, MA 01930 USA.
EM robert.vincent@noaa.gov
FU University of New Hampshire Marine Program
FX We would like to thank Beth Lambert at the New Hampshire Coastal Program
and Matt Collins at the NOAA Restoration Center for help with data
collection and use of equipment. Additional equipment used for this
study was funded in part by the University of New Hampshire Marine
Program, and the Wells National Estuarine Research Reserve provided lab
space. We thank faculty and students at the University of New Hampshire
Jackson Estuarine Laboratory for their assistance, especially Fred
Short, Greg Moore, Alyson Eberhardt, and Chris Peter. Additional thanks
go to Ray Konisky at The Nature Conservancy. The US Fish and Wildlife
Service provided special use permits for work at Chauncey Creek and
Parker River marshes, and Bates College and The Nature Conservancy
granted permission to work at Sprague River Marsh. This work is
dedicated to our co-author, Michele Dionne, a talented scientist,
mentor, colleague, and friend who contributed greatly to estuarine
research and conservation. Dr. Dionne sadly passed away on July 4, 2012.
Jackson Estuarine Laboratory Contribution #512.
NR 47
TC 6
Z9 7
U1 3
U2 51
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1559-2723
EI 1559-2731
J9 ESTUAR COAST
JI Estuaries Coasts
PD MAY
PY 2013
VL 36
IS 3
BP 610
EP 625
DI 10.1007/s12237-012-9583-y
PG 16
WC Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 135NP
UT WOS:000318295300014
ER
PT J
AU Cope, JM
AF Cope, Jason M.
TI Implementing a statistical catch-at-age model (Stock Synthesis) as a
tool for deriving overfishing limits in data-limited situations
SO FISHERIES RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Fisheries management; Life history parameters; Monte Carlo; Bayesian;
Stock assessment; Population dynamics; Data-poor
ID DATA-POOR STOCKS; HARVEST STRATEGIES; REFERENCE POINTS; FISH STOCKS;
FISHERIES; ASSESSMENTS; MANAGEMENT; PERFORMANCE; POLICY
AB Stock Synthesis (SS) is a likelihood-based statistical catch-at-age modeling environment allowing multiple data sources to be used to characterize population dynamics through time. While it is typically applied in data-rich circumstances, its suitability in data-limited situations is investigated in this work. Two "Simple Stock Synthesis" (SSS) approaches are outlined, each developed to mimic the Depletion-Based Stock Reduction Analysis (DB-SRA) estimation of overfishing limits (OFLs) currently applied to data-limited U.S. west coast groundfish species. SSS-MC uses Monte Carlo draws of natural mortality, steepness, and stock depletion and estimates initial recruitment, while SSS-MCMC estimates natural mortality, steepness, and initial recruitment while fitting to an artificial abundance survey representing stock depletion with an error distribution equivalent to the stock depletion prior used in DB-SRA. These approaches are applied to 45 species of unassessed groundfishes in the Pacific Fishery Management Council Groundfish Fishery Management Plan, and the OFL estimates are compared to corresponding DB-SRA estimates. Despite model structure and parameter specification differences, SSS led to results comparable to DB-SRA over a wide range of species and life histories. SSS models with sex-specific life history parameters and growth variability are also presented as examples of how the inherent flexibility of SS can be used to account for more uncertainty in derived quantities. SSS-MCMC, while exhibiting statistically undesirable traits due to the inclusion of the artificial survey, readily includes data-informed abundance surveys into an assessment framework consistent with more complex, data-informed assessments. Establishment of viable data-limited approaches in SS is a convenient first steps in "building-up" stock assessments towards fuller implementation in SS when additional data become available, while also providing a way to inform management in data-limited situations. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 NOAA, Fishery Resource Anal & Monitoring Div, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
RP Cope, JM (reprint author), NOAA, Fishery Resource Anal & Monitoring Div, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, 2725 Montlake Blvd East, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
EM jason.cope@noaa.gov
NR 39
TC 20
Z9 20
U1 2
U2 37
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0165-7836
J9 FISH RES
JI Fish Res.
PD MAY
PY 2013
VL 142
SI SI
BP 3
EP 14
DI 10.1016/j.fishres.2012.03.006
PG 12
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 129AT
UT WOS:000317811500002
ER
PT J
AU Taylor, IG
Gertseva, V
Methot, RD
Maunder, MN
AF Taylor, Ian G.
Gertseva, Vladlena
Methot, Richard D., Jr.
Maunder, Mark N.
TI A stock-recruitment relationship based on pre-recruit survival,
illustrated with application to spiny dogfish shark
SO FISHERIES RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Stock-recruitment relationship; Pre-recruit survival; Stock synthesis;
Spiny dogfish shark
ID SQUALUS-ACANTHIAS; FISHERY; MODELS
AB Understanding the relationship between abundance of spawners and subsequent recruitment is one of the central issues in fisheries stock assessment. We developed a new, pre-recruit survival based stock-recruitment model that enables explicit modeling of survival between embryos and age 0 recruits, and allows the description of a wide range of pre-recruit survival curves. The model is especially useful for low fecundity species that produce relatively few offspring per litter and exhibit a more direct connection between spawning output and recruitment than species generating millions of eggs. The proposed model provides additional flexibility in the stock-recruitment options that may be explored in any fishery stock assessment, and it is now available within the Stock Synthesis assessment platform. In this paper, we describe the mathematical formulation of the new stock-recruitment model, explain how this model can be specified within Stock Synthesis, and use it to model the stock-recruitment relationship of the spiny dogfish shark in the Northeast Pacific Ocean. We compare the results of the application of our new stock-recruitment model, with those from traditional Beverton-Holt relationship, and illustrate why the new approach is more appropriate for this species. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Taylor, Ian G.; Gertseva, Vladlena] NOAA, Fishery Resource Anal & Monitoring Div, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
[Methot, Richard D., Jr.] NOAA, Assessment & Monitoring Div, Off Sci & Technol, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
[Maunder, Mark N.] Interamer Trop Tuna Commiss, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
RP Taylor, IG (reprint author), NOAA, Fishery Resource Anal & Monitoring Div, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, 2725 Montlake Blvd East, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
EM Ian.Taylor@noaa.gov
NR 21
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 2
U2 20
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0165-7836
J9 FISH RES
JI Fish Res.
PD MAY
PY 2013
VL 142
SI SI
BP 15
EP 21
DI 10.1016/j.fishres.2012.04.018
PG 7
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 129AT
UT WOS:000317811500003
ER
PT J
AU MacCall, AD
Teo, SLH
AF MacCall, Alec D.
Teo, Steven L. H.
TI A hybrid stock synthesis-Virtual population analysis model of Pacific
bluefin tuna
SO FISHERIES RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Fishery selectivity; Availability; Variability; Cohort linkage;
Separable models; Integrated assessment
ID CATCH
AB The fishery selectivity or availability of younger ages of highly mobile species can be strongly influenced by changes in environmental conditions or fishery targeting, and may not conform to the parametric selectivity curves commonly used in integrated assessment models such as stock synthesis (SS), which could lead to unreliable results. In contrast, a virtual population analysis (VPA) makes no assumptions regarding selectivity of ages younger than those used to link cohorts, and should provide a reliable solution for those ages, without adverse impacts on other aspects of the assessment. We propose a "hybrid" model where young ages are disconnected from the integrated model's selectivity curves for older fish, and are modeled as a VPA. Catches of young fish are removed from the individual fishery landings and are aggregated to form "artificial" single-age fisheries with unit selectivity, so that fishing mortality rates can be estimated directly, thus emulating a VPA for the youngest ages. This is especially useful when there are a large number of independent fleets. Applying this exploratory model to an SS assessment of Pacific bluefin tuna (Thunnus orientalis) with 10 fleets indicates that fishing mortality rates since 1990 may be higher than are estimated by the currently accepted integrated model, and that current spawning biomass may be lower by nearly half. Estimated annual recruitments from the two models are nearly identical. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [MacCall, Alec D.] NOAA, Fisheries Ecol Div, SW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
[Teo, Steven L. H.] NOAA, Fisheries Res Div, SW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
RP MacCall, AD (reprint author), NOAA, Fisheries Ecol Div, SW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, 110 Shaffer Rd, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
EM alec.maccall@noaa.gov
NR 10
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 14
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0165-7836
J9 FISH RES
JI Fish Res.
PD MAY
PY 2013
VL 142
SI SI
BP 22
EP 26
DI 10.1016/j.fishres.2012.05.001
PG 5
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 129AT
UT WOS:000317811500004
ER
PT J
AU Stewart, IJ
Hicks, AC
Taylor, IG
Thorson, JT
Wetzel, C
Kupschus, S
AF Stewart, Ian J.
Hicks, Allan C.
Taylor, Ian G.
Thorson, James T.
Wetzel, Chantell
Kupschus, Sven
TI A comparison of stock assessment uncertainty estimates using maximum
likelihood and Bayesian methods implemented with the same model
framework
SO FISHERIES RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Maximum-likelihood; Bayesian; Uncertainty; Stock assessment
ID FISHERIES
AB Many fisheries stock assessment models are implemented specifically for likelihood-based estimation or for Bayesian inference (via full integration of the joint posterior distributions), but not all have appropriate structure for both statistical approaches. Bias correction of recruitment deviations, in particular, must be adjusted to achieve consistency in each case. Fisheries management often uses the two types of results similarly, setting future catch quotas based on expected values or posterior medians depending on which is available given time constraints. Using two recent examples from the U.S. west coast, Pacific hake and sablefish, both implemented in Stock Synthesis, we find that likelihood-based estimates of key management quantities, such as spawning biomass, corresponded well with posterior modes, but tend to be lower (on an absolute scale) than posterior median values and that the asymptotic approximation for uncertainty intervals based on the Hessian matrix tends to overestimate the likelihood of smaller stock sizes and underestimate that of larger stock sizes. This pattern may be caused by a basic asymmetry in most fisheries data-sets: the necessity of a minimum stock size to have generated the observed catch/time-series, but little information regarding the plausibility among much larger stock sizes. Where only one type of inference is available, this asymmetry may be important for management decision-making. Even if management takes explicit account of uncertainty, in some cases adding a precautionary buffer that scales with the relative uncertainty in point estimates, the differences in catch advice may turn out to be important and the relative reductions non-linear. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Stewart, Ian J.; Hicks, Allan C.; Taylor, Ian G.; Wetzel, Chantell] NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Fishery Resource Anal & Monitoring Div, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
[Hicks, Allan C.; Thorson, James T.; Wetzel, Chantell] Univ Washington, Sch Aquat & Fishery Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Kupschus, Sven] MAFF, Ctr Environm Fisheries & Aquaculture Sci, Lowestoft NR33 OHT, Suffolk, England.
RP Stewart, IJ (reprint author), NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Fishery Resource Anal & Monitoring Div, 2725 Montlake Blvd East, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
EM lan.Stewart@noaa.gov
RI Thorson, James/O-7937-2014
OI Thorson, James/0000-0001-7415-1010
NR 22
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 3
U2 17
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0165-7836
J9 FISH RES
JI Fish Res.
PD MAY
PY 2013
VL 142
SI SI
BP 37
EP 46
DI 10.1016/j.fishres.2012.07.003
PG 10
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 129AT
UT WOS:000317811500006
ER
PT J
AU MacCall, AD
AF MacCall, Alec D.
TI Use of the delta method to evaluate the precision of assessments that
fix parameter values
SO FISHERIES RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Uncertainty; Likelihood profile; Rapid approximation
ID VIRTUAL POPULATION ANALYSIS; RECRUIT RELATIONSHIPS; NATURAL MORTALITY;
FISH; TEMPERATURE; UNCERTAINTY; LIKELIHOOD; GROWTH
AB Many stock assessments fix values for influential, but poorly known, parameters such as the natural mortality rate or the steepness of the stock-recruitment relationship, which leads to published estimates of uncertainty being underestimates. The delta method, in which the partial derivatives of the model outputs with respect to all of the parameters of the model can be easily obtained numerically using likelihood profiling, can be used to provide quick, but approximate, estimates of precision for model outputs when some key parameters are fixed. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 SW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Fisheries Ecol Div, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
RP MacCall, AD (reprint author), SW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Fisheries Ecol Div, 110 Shaffer Rd, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
EM Alec.MacCall@noaa.gov
NR 29
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 2
U2 12
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0165-7836
J9 FISH RES
JI Fish Res.
PD MAY
PY 2013
VL 142
SI SI
BP 56
EP 60
DI 10.1016/j.fishres.2012.07.018
PG 5
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 129AT
UT WOS:000317811500008
ER
PT J
AU Taylor, IG
Methot, RD
AF Taylor, Ian G.
Methot, Richard D., Jr.
TI Hiding or dead? A computationally efficient model of selective fisheries
mortality
SO FISHERIES RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Stock Synthesis; Rosa Lee's Phenomenon; Selective mortality; Dome-shaped
selectivity
ID AGE; AUSTRALIA; GROWTH; VARIABILITY; PERFORMANCE; DYNAMICS; LENGTH; BIAS
AB 100 years after Rosa Lee (1912) showed that higher mortality on faster growing fish can alter length-at-age distributions in fish populations, we present a computationally-efficient and parsimonious method for modeling size-selective mortality within a commonly-used assessment model, Stock Synthesis. Stock Synthesis allows the normal distribution of length-at-age to be partitioned into three or five overlapping platoons with slow, medium, or fast growth trajectories. The platoons are tracked separately in the model, and experience different degrees of size-selective fishing pressure and mortality, but are assumed to be unobservable except through changes in the length distribution. Simulations are used to explore this phenomenon in conjunction with dome-shaped selectivity, an alternative explanation for observing fewer than expected large fish in sampled data, but with very different implications for population productivity. For data simulated both with and without platoons, misspecification of the assumptions about growth are found to bias model results, with selectivity often incorrectly identified as the cause of fewer observations of larger fish. Trends in dome-shaped selectivity were explored as a potential diagnostic of model misspecification. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Taylor, Ian G.; Methot, Richard D., Jr.] NOAA Fisheries, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Newport, OR 97365 USA.
RP Taylor, IG (reprint author), NOAA Fisheries, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, 2725 Montlake Blvd East, Newport, OR 97365 USA.
EM ian.taylor@noaa.gov; richard.methot@noaa.gov
FU NOAA [NA17RJ1232]
FX We are grateful to numerous members of the vibrant fisheries science
community in Seattle for providing valuable feedback on this modeling
approach and this manuscript describing it as both evolved over many
years. We are particularly appreciative of Associate Editor Andre Punt
for his work assembling this special issue and his valuable feedback on
this manuscript. Ian Taylor was supported during some of this period
through NOAA Award NA17RJ1232 to the University of Washington's Joint
Institute for the Study of the Atmosphere and Ocean.
NR 22
TC 20
Z9 20
U1 1
U2 9
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0165-7836
J9 FISH RES
JI Fish Res.
PD MAY
PY 2013
VL 142
SI SI
BP 75
EP 85
DI 10.1016/j.fishres.2012.08.021
PG 11
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 129AT
UT WOS:000317811500010
ER
PT J
AU Methot, RD
Wetzel, CR
AF Methot, Richard D., Jr.
Wetzel, Chantell R.
TI Stock synthesis: A biological and statistical framework for fish stock
assessment and fishery management
SO FISHERIES RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Stock assessment; Stock synthesis; Population models; Fishery management
ID ASSESSMENT MODELS; REDUCTION ANALYSIS; AGE DATA; CATCH; SELECTIVITY;
PARAMETERS; MORTALITY; FECUNDITY; EXAMPLE; CURVES
AB Stock synthesis (SS) is a statistical age-structured population modeling framework that has been applied in a wide variety of fish assessments globally. The framework is highly scalable from data-weak situations where it operates as an age-structured production model, to complex situations where it can flexibly incorporate multiple data sources and account for biological and environmental processes. SS implements compensatory population dynamics through use of a function relating mean recruitment to spawner reproductive output. This function enhances the ability of SS to operate in data-weak situations and enables it to estimate fishery management quantities such as fishing rates that would provide for maximum sustainable yield and to employ these rates in forecasts of potential yield and future stock status. Complex model configurations such as multiple areas and multiple growth morphs are possible, tag-recapture data can be used to aid estimation of movement rates among areas, and most parameters can change over time in response to environmental and ecosystem factors. SS is coded using Auto-Differentiation Model Builder, so inherits its powerful capability to efficiently estimate hundreds of parameters using either maximum likelihood or Bayesian inference. Output processing, principally through a package developed in R, enables rapid model diagnosis. Details of the underlying population dynamics and the statistical framework used within SS are provided. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Methot, Richard D., Jr.; Wetzel, Chantell R.] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv NWFSC, Off Sci & Technol, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
[Wetzel, Chantell R.] Univ Washington, Sch Aquat & Fishery Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
RP Methot, RD (reprint author), Natl Marine Fisheries Serv NWFSC, Off Sci & Technol, 2725 Montlake Blvd East, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
EM richard.methot@noaa.gov
NR 56
TC 149
Z9 151
U1 8
U2 63
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0165-7836
EI 1872-6763
J9 FISH RES
JI Fish Res.
PD MAY
PY 2013
VL 142
SI SI
BP 86
EP 99
DI 10.1016/j.fishres.2012.10.012
PG 14
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 129AT
UT WOS:000317811500011
ER
PT J
AU Coble, MD
Hill, CR
Butler, JM
AF Coble, Michael D.
Hill, Carolyn R.
Butler, John M.
TI Haplotype data for 23 Y-chromosome markers in four US population groups
SO FORENSIC SCIENCE INTERNATIONAL-GENETICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Y-STR; PowerPlex Y23; Y chromosome; Population data; Haplotypes; US
populations
ID ALLELE FREQUENCIES; AFRICAN-AMERICAN; STR LOCI
AB The PowerPlex Y23 kit contains 23 Y-chromosomal loci including all 17 of the markers in the Yfiler Y-STR kit plus six additional markers: DYS481, DYS533, DYS549, DYS570, DYS576, and DYS643. We have typed 1032 unrelated population samples from four self-declared US groups: African Americans, Asians, Hispanics, and Western European Caucasians. An analysis of the population genetic parameters and the improvement of adding additional Y-STR markers to the dataset are described. Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd.
C1 [Coble, Michael D.; Hill, Carolyn R.; Butler, John M.] NIST, Mat Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Coble, MD (reprint author), NIST, Mat Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM michael.coble@nist.gov
FU National Institute of Justice (NIJ) [2010-DN-R-7121]; NIST Office of Law
Enforcement Standards
FX The authors would like to acknowledge present and former members of NIST
for their technical assistance: Margaret Kline, Jan Redman, Dr. Richard
Schoske, Amy Decker, Erica Butts, and Rebecca Hart for the initial
preparation, quantitation, and dilution of the NIST U.S. population
samples used in this study and to Dr. Tom Reid for supplying the DNA
Diagnostics Center (DDC) father/son samples. The authors also
acknowledge Dr. Dave Duewer (NIST) for analytical and statistical
support for data analysis. The authors also express gratitude to the
Promega Corporation for supplying the PowerPlex Y23 kits used in this
study. This work was funded in part by the National Institute of Justice
(NIJ) through an interagency agreement 2010-DN-R-7121 with the NIST
Office of Law Enforcement Standards.
NR 8
TC 20
Z9 24
U1 1
U2 5
PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD
PI CLARE
PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000,
IRELAND
SN 1872-4973
J9 FORENSIC SCI INT-GEN
JI Forensic Sci. Int.-Genet.
PD MAY
PY 2013
VL 7
IS 3
BP E66
EP E68
DI 10.1016/j.fsigen.2013.03.006
PG 3
WC Genetics & Heredity; Medicine, Legal
SC Genetics & Heredity; Legal Medicine
GA 132IP
UT WOS:000318061400006
PM 23578807
ER
PT J
AU Hill, CR
Duewer, DL
Kline, MC
Coble, MD
Butler, JM
AF Hill, Carolyn R.
Duewer, David L.
Kline, Margaret C.
Coble, Michael D.
Butler, John M.
TI US population data for 29 autosomal STR loci
SO FORENSIC SCIENCE INTERNATIONAL-GENETICS
LA English
DT Letter
ID MINISTR LOCI; DEGRADED DNA
C1 [Hill, Carolyn R.; Duewer, David L.; Kline, Margaret C.; Coble, Michael D.; Butler, John M.] NIST, Mat Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Hill, CR (reprint author), NIST, Mat Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM becky.hill@nist.gov
NR 12
TC 23
Z9 23
U1 0
U2 9
PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD
PI CLARE
PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000,
IRELAND
SN 1872-4973
J9 FORENSIC SCI INT-GEN
JI Forensic Sci. Int.-Genet.
PD MAY
PY 2013
VL 7
IS 3
BP E82
EP E83
DI 10.1016/j.fsigen.2012.12.004
PG 2
WC Genetics & Heredity; Medicine, Legal
SC Genetics & Heredity; Legal Medicine
GA 132IP
UT WOS:000318061400012
PM 23317915
ER
PT J
AU McLaren, RS
Patel, J
Ewing, MM
Storts, DR
Noel, F
Dognaux, S
Hill, CR
Kline, MC
Butler, JM
AF McLaren, Robert S.
Patel, Jaynish
Ewing, Margaret M.
Storts, Douglas R.
Noel, Fabrice
Dognaux, Sophie
Hill, Carolyn R.
Kline, Margaret C.
Butler, John M.
TI Developmental validation of the PowerPlex (R) ESI 17 Pro System
SO FORENSIC SCIENCE INTERNATIONAL-GENETICS
LA English
DT Letter
C1 [McLaren, Robert S.; Patel, Jaynish; Ewing, Margaret M.; Storts, Douglas R.] Promega Corp, Madison, WI 53711 USA.
[Noel, Fabrice; Dognaux, Sophie] Natl Inst Criminalist & Criminol, Brussels, Belgium.
[Hill, Carolyn R.; Kline, Margaret C.; Butler, John M.] NIST, Div Biochem Sci, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP McLaren, RS (reprint author), Promega Corp, Madison, WI 53711 USA.
EM bob.mclaren@promega.com
OI Noel, Fabrice/0000-0001-9915-5608
NR 13
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 3
PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD
PI CLARE
PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000,
IRELAND
SN 1872-4973
J9 FORENSIC SCI INT-GEN
JI Forensic Sci. Int.-Genet.
PD MAY
PY 2013
VL 7
IS 3
BP E69
EP E73
DI 10.1016/j.fsigen.2012.11.009
PG 5
WC Genetics & Heredity; Medicine, Legal
SC Genetics & Heredity; Legal Medicine
GA 132IP
UT WOS:000318061400007
PM 23273816
ER
PT J
AU Cubonova, L
Richardson, T
Burkhart, BW
Kelman, Z
Connolly, BA
Reeve, JN
Santangelo, TJ
AF Cubonova, Lubomira
Richardson, Tomas
Burkhart, Brett W.
Kelman, Zvi
Connolly, Bernard A.
Reeve, John N.
Santangelo, Thomas J.
TI Archaeal DNA Polymerase D but Not DNA Polymerase B Is Required for
Genome Replication in Thermococcus kodakarensis
SO JOURNAL OF BACTERIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID X-RAY CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; CELL NUCLEAR ANTIGEN; HYPERTHERMOPHILIC ARCHAEON;
PYROCOCCUS-ABYSSI; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE;
KODAKARAENSIS KOD1; CATALYTIC DOMAINS; PROTEINS; EPSILON
AB Three evolutionarily distinct families of replicative DNA polymerases, designated polymerase B (Pol B), Pol C, and Pol D, have been identified. Members of the Pol B family are present in all three domains of life, whereas Pol C exists only in Bacteria and Pol D exists only in Archaea. Pol B enzymes replicate eukaryotic chromosomal DNA, and as members of the Pol B family are present in all Archaea, it has been assumed that Pol B enzymes also replicate archaeal genomes. Here we report the construction of Thermococcus kodakarensis strains with mutations that delete or inactivate key functions of Pol B. T. kodakarensis strains lacking Pol B had no detectable loss in viability and no growth defects or changes in spontaneous mutation frequency but had increased sensitivity to UV irradiation. In contrast, we were unable to introduce mutations that inactivated either of the genes encoding the two subunits of Pol D. The results reported establish that Pol D is sufficient for viability and genome replication in T. kodakarensis and argue that Pol D rather than Pol B is likely the replicative DNA polymerase in this archaeon. The majority of Archaea contain Pol D, and, as discussed, if Pol D is the predominant replicative polymerase in Archaea, this profoundly impacts hypotheses for the origin(s), evolution, and distribution of the different DNA replication enzymes and systems now employed in the three domains of life.
C1 [Cubonova, Lubomira; Burkhart, Brett W.; Reeve, John N.; Santangelo, Thomas J.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Microbiol, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
[Richardson, Tomas; Connolly, Bernard A.] Newcastle Univ, Inst Cell & Mol Biosci, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 7RU, Tyne & Wear, England.
[Kelman, Zvi] NIST, Rockville, MD USA.
[Kelman, Zvi] Univ Maryland, Inst Biosci & Biotechnol Res, Rockville, MD USA.
RP Santangelo, TJ (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Dept Microbiol, 484 W 12th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
EM santangelo.11@osu.edu
FU National Institutes of Health [GM098176]; National Science Foundation
[MCB-0815646]; UK-BBSRC
FX This work was supported by National Institutes of Health grant GM098176
(to J.N.R. and T.J.S.) and National Science Foundation grant MCB-0815646
(to Z.K.). T.R. was a UK-BBSRC-supported Ph.D. student.
NR 52
TC 25
Z9 25
U1 0
U2 14
PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA
SN 0021-9193
J9 J BACTERIOL
JI J. Bacteriol.
PD MAY
PY 2013
VL 195
IS 10
BP 2322
EP 2328
DI 10.1128/JB.02037-12
PG 7
WC Microbiology
SC Microbiology
GA 131WH
UT WOS:000318027800022
PM 23504010
ER
PT J
AU Hoerling, M
Kumar, A
Dole, R
Nielsen-Gammon, JW
Eischeid, J
Perlwitz, J
Quan, XW
Zhang, T
Pegion, P
Chen, MY
AF Hoerling, Martin
Kumar, Arun
Dole, Randall
Nielsen-Gammon, John W.
Eischeid, Jon
Perlwitz, Judith
Quan, Xiao-Wei
Zhang, Tao
Pegion, Philip
Chen, Mingyue
TI Anatomy of an Extreme Event
SO JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
LA English
DT Article
ID SEA-SURFACE TEMPERATURE; OKLAHOMA-TEXAS DROUGHT; SOIL-MOISTURE FEEDBACK;
CENTRAL UNITED-STATES; CLIMATE-CHANGE; WARMING HOLE; GREAT-PLAINS;
PRECIPITATION; VARIABILITY; EUROPE
AB The record-setting 2011 Texas drought/heat wave is examined to identify physical processes, underlying causes, and predictability. October 2010-September 2011 was Texas's driest 12-month period on record. While the summer 2011 heat wave magnitude (2.9 degrees C above the 1981-2010 mean) was larger than the previous record, events of similar or larger magnitude appear in preindustrial control runs of climate models. The principal factor contributing to the heat wave magnitude was a severe rainfall deficit during antecedent and concurrent seasons related to anomalous sea surface temperatures (SSTs) that included a La Nina event. Virtually all the precipitation deficits appear to be due to natural variability. About 0.6 degrees C warming relative to the 1981-2010 mean is estimated to be attributable to human-induced climate change, with warming observed mainly in the past decade. Quantitative attribution of the overall human-induced contribution since preindustrial times is complicated by the lack of a detected century-scale temperature trend over Texas. Multiple factors altered the probability of climate extremes over Texas in 2011. Observed SST conditions increased the frequency of severe rainfall deficit events from 9% to 34% relative to 1981-2010, while anthropogenic forcing did not appreciably alter their frequency. Human-induced climate change increased the probability of a new temperature record from 3% during the 1981-2010 reference period to 6% in 2011, while the 2011 SSTs increased the probability from 4% to 23%. Forecasts initialized in May 2011 demonstrate predictive skill in anticipating much of the SST-enhanced risk for an extreme summer drought/heat wave over Texas.
C1 [Hoerling, Martin; Dole, Randall; Eischeid, Jon; Perlwitz, Judith; Quan, Xiao-Wei; Zhang, Tao; Pegion, Philip] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Kumar, Arun; Chen, Mingyue] NOAA, Climate Predict Ctr, Camp Springs, MD USA.
[Nielsen-Gammon, John W.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Atmospher Sci, College Stn, TX USA.
[Eischeid, Jon; Perlwitz, Judith; Quan, Xiao-Wei; Zhang, Tao; Pegion, Philip] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RP Hoerling, M (reprint author), NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM martin.hoerling@noaa.gov
RI Perlwitz, Judith/B-7201-2008; Nielsen-Gammon, John/G-9771-2012
OI Perlwitz, Judith/0000-0003-4061-2442; Nielsen-Gammon,
John/0000-0001-5336-2409
NR 53
TC 63
Z9 65
U1 3
U2 84
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0894-8755
EI 1520-0442
J9 J CLIMATE
JI J. Clim.
PD MAY
PY 2013
VL 26
IS 9
BP 2811
EP 2832
DI 10.1175/JCLI-D-12-00270.1
PG 22
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 133SH
UT WOS:000318159500007
ER
PT J
AU Hallberg, R
Adcroft, A
Dunne, JP
Krasting, JP
Stouffer, RJ
AF Hallberg, Robert
Adcroft, Alistair
Dunne, John P.
Krasting, John P.
Stouffer, Ronald J.
TI Sensitivity of Twenty-First-Century Global-Mean Steric Sea Level Rise to
Ocean Model Formulation
SO JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
LA English
DT Article
ID SOUTHERN-OCEAN; CLIMATE-CHANGE; Z-COORDINATE; DIFFUSIVITY; EDDIES
AB Two comprehensive Earth system models (ESMs), identical apart from their oceanic components, are used to estimate the uncertainty in projections of twenty-first-century sea level rise due to representational choices in ocean physical formulation. Most prominent among the formulation differences is that one (ESM2M) uses a traditional z-coordinate ocean model, while the other (ESM2G) uses an isopycnal-coordinate ocean. As evidence of model fidelity, differences in twentieth-century global-mean steric sea level rise are not statistically significant between either model and observed trends. However, differences between the two models' twenty-first-century projections are systematic and both statistically and climatically significant. By 2100, ESM2M exhibits 18% higher global steric sea level rise than ESM2G for all four radiative forcing scenarios (28-49 mm higher), despite having similar changes between the models in the near-surface ocean for several scenarios. These differences arise primarily from the vertical extent over which heat is taken up and the total heat uptake by the models (9% more in ESM2M than ESM2G). The fact that the spun-up control state of ESM2M is warmer than ESM2G also contributes by giving thermal expansion coefficients that are about 7% larger in ESM2M than ESM2G. The differences between these models provide a direct estimate of the sensitivity of twenty-first-century sea level rise to ocean model formulation, and, given the span of these models across the observed volume of the ventilated thermocline, may also approximate the sensitivities expected from uncertainties in the characterization of interior ocean physical processes.
C1 [Hallberg, Robert; Adcroft, Alistair; Dunne, John P.; Krasting, John P.; Stouffer, Ronald J.] NOAA, Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA.
[Hallberg, Robert; Adcroft, Alistair] Princeton Univ, Atmospher & Ocean Sci Program, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
RP Hallberg, R (reprint author), NOAA, Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, 201 Forrestal Rd, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA.
EM robert.hallberg@noaa.gov
RI Dunne, John/F-8086-2012; Adcroft, Alistair/E-5949-2010
OI Dunne, John/0000-0002-8794-0489; Adcroft, Alistair/0000-0001-9413-1017
NR 31
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 1
U2 9
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0894-8755
J9 J CLIMATE
JI J. Clim.
PD MAY
PY 2013
VL 26
IS 9
BP 2947
EP 2956
DI 10.1175/JCLI-D-12-00506.1
PG 10
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 133SH
UT WOS:000318159500016
ER
PT J
AU Norris, JE
Choquette, SJ
Viallon, J
Moussay, P
Wielgosz, R
Guenther, FR
AF Norris, James E.
Choquette, Steven J.
Viallon, Joele
Moussay, Philippe
Wielgosz, Robert
Guenther, Franklin R.
TI Temperature measurement and optical path-length bias improvement
modifications to National Institute of Standards and Technology ozone
reference standards
SO JOURNAL OF THE AIR & WASTE MANAGEMENT ASSOCIATION
LA English
DT Article
AB Ambient ozone measurements in the United States and many other countries are traceable to a National Institute of Standards and Technology Standard Reference Photometer (NIST SRP). The NIST SRP serves as the highest level ozone reference standard in the United States, with NIST SRPs located at NIST and at many U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) laboratories. The International Bureau of Weights and Measures (BIPM) maintains a NIST SRP as the reference standard for international measurement comparability through the International Committee of Weights and Measures (CIPM). In total, there are currently NIST SRPs located in 20 countries for use as an ozone reference standard. A detailed examination of the NIST SRP by the BIPM and NIST has revealed a temperature gradient and optical path-length bias inherent in all NIST SRPs. A temperature gradient along the absorption cells causes incorrect temperature measurements by as much as 2 degrees C. Additionally, the temperature probe used for temperature measurements was found to inaccurately measure the temperature of the sample gas due to a self-heating effect. Multiple internal reflections within the absorption cells produce an actual path length longer than the measured fixed length used in the calculations for ozone mole fractions. Reflections from optical filters located at the exit of the absorption cells add to this effect. Because all NIST SRPs are essentially identical, the temperature and path-length biases exist on all units by varying amounts dependent upon instrument settings, laboratory conditions, and absorption cell window alignment. This paper will discuss the cause of, and physical modifications for, reducing these measurement biases in NIST SRPs. Results from actual NIST SRP bias upgrades quantifying the effects of these measurement biases on ozone measurements are summarized.
Implications: NIST SRPs are maintained in laboratories around the world underpinning ozone measurement calibration and traceability within and between countries. The work described in this paper quantifies and shows the reduction of instrument biases in NIST SRPs improving their overall agreement. This improved agreement in all NIST SRPs provides a more stable baseline for ozone measurements worldwide.
C1 [Norris, James E.; Choquette, Steven J.; Guenther, Franklin R.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Wielgosz, Robert] Int Bur Weights & Measures, Dept Chem, Sevres, France.
RP Norris, JE (reprint author), NIST, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM jnorris@nist.gov
NR 6
TC 1
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 2
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 1096-2247
J9 J AIR WASTE MANAGE
JI J. Air Waste Manage. Assoc.
PD MAY 1
PY 2013
VL 63
IS 5
BP 565
EP 574
DI 10.1080/10962247.2013.773951
PG 10
WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Meteorology &
Atmospheric Sciences
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric
Sciences
GA 133OU
UT WOS:000318148900008
PM 23786148
ER
PT J
AU Lin, YL
Liu, LP
Tang, GQ
Spinks, J
Jones, W
AF Lin, Yuh-Lang
Liu, Liping
Tang, Guoqing
Spinks, James
Jones, Wilson
TI Origin of the pre-tropical storm Debby (2006) African easterly
wave-mesoscale convective system
SO METEOROLOGY AND ATMOSPHERIC PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID HURRICANE-ALBERTO 2000; ATLANTIC HURRICANES; GENESIS; DISTURBANCES;
COMPLEX; MODEL; ASSOCIATION; PROPAGATION; GENERATION; INTENSE
AB The origins of the pre-Debby (2006) mesoscale convective system (MCS) and African easterly wave (AEW) and their precursors were traced back to the southwest Arabian Peninsula, Asir Mountains (AS), and Ethiopian Highlands (EH) in the vicinity of the ITCZ using satellite imagery, GFS analysis data and ARW model. The sources of the convective cloud clusters and vorticity perturbations were attributed to the cyclonic convergence of northeasterly Shamal wind and the Somali jet, especially when the Mediterranean High shifted toward east and the Indian Ocean high strengthened and its associated Somali jet penetrated farther to the north. The cyclonic vorticity perturbations were strengthened by the vorticity stretching associated with convective cloud clusters in the genesis region-southwest Arabian Peninsula. A conceptual model was proposed to explain the genesis of convective cloud clusters and cyclonic vorticity perturbations preceding the pre-Debby (2006) AEW-MCS system.
C1 [Lin, Yuh-Lang] N Carolina Agr & Tech State Univ, Dept Phys, Greensboro, NC 27411 USA.
[Lin, Yuh-Lang; Spinks, James] N Carolina Agr & Tech State Univ, Dept Energy & Environm Syst, Greensboro, NC 27411 USA.
[Lin, Yuh-Lang] N Carolina Agr & Tech State Univ, NOAA ISET Ctr, Greensboro, NC 27411 USA.
[Lin, Yuh-Lang] N Carolina Agr & Tech State Univ, EES ISET, Greensboro, NC 27411 USA.
[Liu, Liping; Tang, Guoqing; Jones, Wilson] N Carolina Agr & Tech State Univ, Dept Math, Greensboro, NC 27411 USA.
RP Lin, YL (reprint author), N Carolina Agr & Tech State Univ, EES ISET, 1601 E Market St,302H Gibbs Hall, Greensboro, NC 27411 USA.
EM ylin@ncat.edu
FU National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Educational Partnership
Program [NA06OAR4 810187]
FX We would like to thank Dr. Solomon Bililign, the Director of NOAA ISET
Center, for his continuous encouragement in pursuing this study. This
research was supported by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration Educational Partnership Program under Cooperative
Agreement No: NA06OAR4 810187. Reviewers' comments are appreciated,
which have improved the quality of the paper significantly.
NR 46
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 3
PU SPRINGER WIEN
PI WIEN
PA SACHSENPLATZ 4-6, PO BOX 89, A-1201 WIEN, AUSTRIA
SN 0177-7971
J9 METEOROL ATMOS PHYS
JI Meteorol. Atmos. Phys.
PD MAY
PY 2013
VL 120
IS 3-4
BP 123
EP 144
DI 10.1007/s00703-013-0248-6
PG 22
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 135RY
UT WOS:000318307400002
ER
PT J
AU Sandifer, PA
Trtanj, JM
Collier, TK
AF Sandifer, Paul A.
Trtanj, Juli M.
Collier, Tracy K.
TI A Perspective on the History and Evolution of an Oceans and Human Health
"Metadiscipline" in the USA
SO MICROBIAL ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Review
ID HURRICANE-KATRINA; IMPACTS
AB We review recent history and evolution of Oceans and Human Health programs and related activities in the USA from a perspective within the Federal government. As a result of about a decade of support by the US Congress and through a few Federal agencies, notably the National Science Foundation, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, and National Ocean and Atmospheric Administration, robust Oceans and Human Health (OHH) research and application activities are now relatively widespread, although still small, in a number of agencies and academic institutions. OHH themes and issues have been incorporated into comprehensive federal ocean research plans and are reflected in the new National Ocean Policy enunciated by Executive Order 13547. In just a decade, OHH has matured into a recognized "metadiscipline," with development of a small, but robust and diverse community of science and practice, incorporation into academic educational programs, regular participation in ocean and coastal science and public health societies, and active engagement with public health decision makers. In addition to substantial increases in scientific information, the OHH community has demonstrated ability to respond rapidly and effectively to emergency situations such as those associated with extreme weather events (e.g., hurricanes, floods) and human-caused disasters (e.g., the Deep Water Horizon oil spill). Among many other things, next steps include development and implementation of agency health strategies and provision of specific services, such as ecological forecasts to provide routine early warnings for ocean health threats and opportunities for prevention and mitigation of these risks.
C1 [Sandifer, Paul A.] NOAA, Hollings Marine Lab, Natl Ocean Serv, Charleston, SC 29412 USA.
[Trtanj, Juli M.] NOAA, Natl Ocean Serv, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
[Collier, Tracy K.] UCAR, Seattle, WA USA.
RP Sandifer, PA (reprint author), NOAA, Hollings Marine Lab, Natl Ocean Serv, Charleston, SC 29412 USA.
EM paul.sandifer@noaa.gov
RI yu, jian/C-1280-2009
NR 48
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 42
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0095-3628
J9 MICROB ECOL
JI Microb. Ecol.
PD MAY
PY 2013
VL 65
IS 4
BP 880
EP 888
DI 10.1007/s00248-013-0181-8
PG 9
WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Microbiology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology;
Microbiology
GA 134BD
UT WOS:000318183800009
PM 23435826
ER
PT J
AU Hower, S
Phillips, MC
Brodsky, M
Dameron, A
Tamargo, MA
Salazar, NC
Jackson, CR
Barrett, JB
Davidson, M
Davis, J
Mukherjee, S
Ewing, RY
Gidley, ML
Sinigalliano, CD
Johns, L
Johnson, FE
Adebanjo, O
Plano, LRW
AF Hower, Suzanne
Phillips, Matthew C.
Brodsky, Micah
Dameron, Adrienne
Tamargo, Manuel A.
Salazar, Norma C.
Jackson, Charlene R.
Barrett, John B.
Davidson, Maureen
Davis, Johnnie
Mukherjee, Sampa
Ewing, Ruth Y.
Gidley, Maribeth L.
Sinigalliano, Christopher D.
Johns, Lisa
Johnson, Frank E., III
Adebanjo, Olufunmilola
Plano, Lisa R. W.
TI Clonally Related Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Isolated
from Short-Finned Pilot Whales (Globicephala macrorhynchus), Human
Volunteers, and a Bayfront Cetacean Rehabilitation Facility
SO MICROBIAL ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID PANTON-VALENTINE LEUKOCIDIN; CASSETTE CHROMOSOME MEC; MULTIPLEX PCR
STRATEGY; UNITED-STATES; SKIN INFECTIONS; STRAIN USA300; NOSOCOMIAL
TRANSMISSION; PSEUDOMONAS-AERUGINOSA; MRSA; EMERGENCE
AB In May of 2011, a live mass stranding of 26 short-finned pilot whales (Globicephala macrorhynchus) occurred in the lower Florida Keys. Five surviving whales were transferred from the original stranding site to a nearby marine mammal rehabilitation facility where they were constantly attended to by a team of volunteers. Bacteria cultured during the routine clinical care of the whales and necropsy of a deceased whale included methicillin-sensitive and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA and MRSA). In order to investigate potential sources or reservoirs of MSSA and MRSA, samples were obtained from human volunteers, whales, seawater, and sand from multiple sites at the facility, nearby recreational beaches, and a canal. Samples were collected on 3 days. The second collection day was 2 weeks after the first, and the third collection day was 2 months after the last animal was removed from the facility. MRSA and MSSA were isolated on each day from the facility when animals and volunteers were present. MSSA was found at an adjacent beach on all three collection days. Isolates were characterized by utilizing a combination of quantitative real-time PCR to determine the presence of mecA and genes associated with virulence, staphylococcal protein A typing, staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec typing, multilocus sequence typing, and pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). Using these methods, clonally related MRSA were isolated from multiple environmental locations as well as from humans and animals. Non-identical but genetically similar MSSA and MRSA were also identified from distinct sources within this sample pool. PFGE indicated that the majority of MRSA isolates were clonally related to the prototype human strain USA300. These studies support the notion that S. aureus may be shed into an environment by humans or pilot whales and subsequently colonize or infect exposed new hosts.
C1 [Hower, Suzanne; Plano, Lisa R. W.] Univ Miami, Miller Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Miami, FL 33136 USA.
[Hower, Suzanne; Phillips, Matthew C.; Dameron, Adrienne; Tamargo, Manuel A.; Salazar, Norma C.; Plano, Lisa R. W.] Univ Miami, Miller Sch Med, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Miami, FL 33136 USA.
[Brodsky, Micah] VMD Consulting, Miami, FL 33138 USA.
[Jackson, Charlene R.; Barrett, John B.] ARS, Bacterial Epidemiol & Antimicrobial Resistance Re, Richard B Russell Res Ctr, USDA, Athens, GA 30605 USA.
[Davidson, Maureen; Davis, Johnnie; Mukherjee, Sampa] US FDA, Ctr Vet Med, Laurel, MD 20708 USA.
[Ewing, Ruth Y.] Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
[Gidley, Maribeth L.; Sinigalliano, Christopher D.; Johns, Lisa; Johnson, Frank E., III; Adebanjo, Olufunmilola] NOAA, Atlantic Oceanog & Meteorol Lab, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
[Phillips, Matthew C.; Gidley, Maribeth L.; Sinigalliano, Christopher D.; Plano, Lisa R. W.] Univ Miami, Rosenstiel Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, NSF NIEHS Oceans & Human Hlth Ctr, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
[Gidley, Maribeth L.] Univ Miami, Rosenstiel Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, Cooperat Inst Marine & Atmospher Studies, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
RP Plano, LRW (reprint author), Univ Miami, Miller Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Miami, FL 33136 USA.
EM lplano@miami.edu
RI Sinigalliano, Christopher/A-8760-2014; gidley, maribeth/B-8335-2014
OI Sinigalliano, Christopher/0000-0002-9942-238X; gidley,
maribeth/0000-0001-9583-8073
FU Hollings Scholarship Program of the NOAA Office of Education
FX We would like to thank the Marine Mammal Conservancy for their
assistance and cooperation during this study. We thank Alexander
Costidis for performing the whale necropsy as well as the staff at the
FWC Fish and Wildlife Research Institute, Marine Mammal Pathobiology
Laboratory. We are grateful to Ari Bennett, Julie Hollenbeck, Heather
Coit, Sharon Plano, Rebecca Weeks, Havek Kavoblock, Ryan Phillips,
Danielle DeHowitt, and the Florida Department of Health for their
assistance during the sample collections. We thank Dr. Helena
Solo-Gabriele and Faiza Benahmed, for assistance in processing and
storing samples. Thanks to Carlton Woods at Micrim Laboratory, Inc. for
isolating MRSA from the whale samples and facilitating the transfer to
University of Miami Miller School of Medicine. We also thank the Palm
Beach Infectious Disease Institute for providing S. aureus clinical
isolates for comparison. Additionally, we thank the Hollings Scholarship
Program of the NOAA Office of Education for their support of the
Hollings Scholar students involved in this project. Marine Mammal
samples were collected as either diagnostic clinical samples or as
salvage samples under NMFS Permit No. 932-1905/MA-009526. This
publication represents the personal opinions of the authors and is not
the official position of the contributing federal government agencies.
No official endorsement of any product or commercial laboratory is made
or implied by its use in this study.
NR 128
TC 5
Z9 6
U1 5
U2 24
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0095-3628
J9 MICROB ECOL
JI Microb. Ecol.
PD MAY
PY 2013
VL 65
IS 4
BP 1024
EP 1038
DI 10.1007/s00248-013-0178-3
PG 15
WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Microbiology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology;
Microbiology
GA 134BD
UT WOS:000318183800025
PM 23508733
ER
PT J
AU Plano, LRW
Shibata, T
Garza, AC
Kish, J
Fleisher, JM
Sinigalliano, CD
Gidley, ML
Withum, K
Elmir, SM
Hower, S
Jackson, CR
Barrett, JB
Cleary, T
Davidson, M
Davis, J
Mukherjee, S
Fleming, LE
Solo-Gabriele, HM
AF Plano, Lisa R. W.
Shibata, Tomoyuki
Garza, Anna C.
Kish, Jonathan
Fleisher, Jay M.
Sinigalliano, Christopher D.
Gidley, Maribeth L.
Withum, Kelly
Elmir, Samir M.
Hower, Suzanne
Jackson, Charlene R.
Barrett, John B.
Cleary, Timothy
Davidson, Maureen
Davis, Johnnie
Mukherjee, Sampa
Fleming, Lora E.
Solo-Gabriele, Helena M.
TI Human-Associated Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus from a
Subtropical Recreational Marine Beach
SO MICROBIAL ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID FECAL INDICATOR BACTERIA; SKIN INFECTIONS; NASAL CARRIAGE; MULTIPLEX
PCR; UNITED-STATES; MANAGEMENT; MICROBES; SURVIVAL; SEAWATER; WATERS
AB Reports of Staphylococcus aureus including methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) detected in marine environments have occurred since the early 1990s. This investigation sought to isolate and characterize S. aureus from marine waters and sand at a subtropical recreational beach, with and without bathers present, in order to investigate possible sources and to identify the risks to bathers of exposure to these organisms. During 40 days over 17 months, 1,001 water and 36 intertidal sand samples were collected by either bathers or investigators at a subtropical recreational beach. Methicillin-sensitive S. aureus (MSSA) and MRSA were isolated and identified using selective growth media and an organism-specific molecular marker. Antimicrobial susceptibility, staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec) type, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) pattern, multi-locus sequence type (MLST), and staphylococcal protein A (spa) type were characterized for all MRSA. S. aureus was isolated from 248 (37 %) bather nearby water samples at a concentration range of < 2-780 colony forming units per ml, 102 (31 %) ambient water samples at a concentration range of < 2-260 colony forming units per ml, and 9 (25 %) sand samples. Within the sand environment, S. aureus was isolated more often from above the intertidal zone than from intermittently wet or inundated sand. A total of 1334 MSSA were isolated from 37 sampling days and 22 MRSA were isolated from ten sampling days. Seventeen of the 22 MRSA were identified by PFGE as the community-associated MRSA USA300. MRSA isolates were all SCCmec type IVa, encompassed five spa types (t008, t064, t622, t688, and t723), two MLST types (ST8 and ST5), and 21 of 22 isolates carried the genes for Panton-Valentine leukocidin. There was a correlation (r = 0.45; p = 0.05) between the daily average number of bathers and S. aureus in the water; however, no association between exposure to S. aureus in these waters and reported illness was found. This report supports the concept that humans are a potential direct source for S. aureus in marine waters.
C1 [Plano, Lisa R. W.; Garza, Anna C.; Hower, Suzanne] Univ Miami, Miller Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Miami, FL 33136 USA.
[Plano, Lisa R. W.; Garza, Anna C.; Hower, Suzanne; Cleary, Timothy] Univ Miami, Miller Sch Med, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Miami, FL 33136 USA.
[Plano, Lisa R. W.; Shibata, Tomoyuki; Kish, Jonathan; Sinigalliano, Christopher D.; Gidley, Maribeth L.; Withum, Kelly; Elmir, Samir M.; Fleming, Lora E.; Solo-Gabriele, Helena M.] Univ Miami, Rosenstiel Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, NSF NIEHS Oceans & Human Hlth Ctr, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
[Shibata, Tomoyuki; Sinigalliano, Christopher D.; Gidley, Maribeth L.] NOAA, Atlantic Oceanog & Meteorol Lab, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
[Shibata, Tomoyuki] No Illinois Univ, Publ Hlth Program, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA.
[Shibata, Tomoyuki] No Illinois Univ, Hlth Educ Program, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA.
[Kish, Jonathan; Fleming, Lora E.] Univ Miami, Miller Sch Med, Dept Epidemiol & Publ Hlth, Miami, FL 33136 USA.
[Fleisher, Jay M.] Nova SE Univ, Coll Osteopath Med, Publ Hlth Program, Ft Lauderdale, FL 33328 USA.
[Elmir, Samir M.] Miami Dade Cty Hlth Dept, Miami, FL 33056 USA.
[Jackson, Charlene R.; Barrett, John B.] ARS, Bacterial Epidemiol & Antimicrobial Resistance Re, Richard B Russell Res Ctr, USDA, Athens, GA 30605 USA.
[Cleary, Timothy] Univ Miami, Miller Sch Med, Dept Pathol, Miami, FL 33136 USA.
[Davidson, Maureen; Davis, Johnnie; Mukherjee, Sampa] US FDA, Ctr Vet Med, Laurel, MD 20708 USA.
[Fleming, Lora E.] Peninsula Coll Med & Dent, European Ctr Environm & Human Hlth, Truro TR1 3HD, Cornwall, England.
[Solo-Gabriele, Helena M.] Univ Miami, Dept Civil Architectural & Environm Engn, Coral Gables, FL 33124 USA.
RP Plano, LRW (reprint author), Univ Miami, Miller Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Miami, FL 33136 USA.
EM lplano@miami.edu
RI Sinigalliano, Christopher/A-8760-2014; gidley, maribeth/B-8335-2014;
OI Sinigalliano, Christopher/0000-0002-9942-238X; gidley,
maribeth/0000-0001-9583-8073; Fleisher, Jay/0000-0002-2553-2201
FU University of Miami through the Interdisciplinary Research Development
Initiative; National Science Foundation (NSF); National Institute of
Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) Oceans and Human Health Center at
the University of Miami Rosenstiel School [NSF 0CE0432368/0911373, NIEHS
P50 ES12736]; NSF REU in Oceans and Human Health; NSF SGER in Oceans and
Human Health [NSF SGER 0743987]; US EPA; US Centers for Disease Control
and Prevention; Florida Departments of Health and of Environmental
Protection; European Union Convergence Programme
FX The University of Miami provided financial support through the
Interdisciplinary Research Development Initiative. This study was also
supported in part by National Science Foundation (NSF) and the National
Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) Oceans and Human
Health Center at the University of Miami Rosenstiel School (NSF
0CE0432368/0911373 and NIEHS P50 ES12736] and NSF REU in Oceans and
Human Health, the NSF SGER [NSF SGER 0743987] in Oceans and Human
Health, the US EPA, the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,
the Florida Departments of Health and of Environmental Protection, and
the European Union Convergence Programme (to ECEHH at PCMD, University
of Exeter).
NR 65
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 2
U2 23
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0095-3628
J9 MICROB ECOL
JI Microb. Ecol.
PD MAY
PY 2013
VL 65
IS 4
BP 1039
EP 1051
DI 10.1007/s00248-013-0216-1
PG 13
WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Microbiology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology;
Microbiology
GA 134BD
UT WOS:000318183800026
PM 23553001
ER
PT J
AU Andrews, KR
Perrin, WF
Oremus, M
Karczmarski, L
Bowen, BW
Puritz, JB
Toonen, RJ
AF Andrews, Kimberly R.
Perrin, William F.
Oremus, Marc
Karczmarski, Leszek
Bowen, Brian W.
Puritz, Jonathan B.
Toonen, Robert J.
TI The evolving male: spinner dolphin (Stenella longirostris) ecotypes are
divergent at Y chromosome but not mtDNA or autosomal markers
SO MOLECULAR ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Cetacea; Haldane's Rule; hybrid sterility; mating system; sexual
selection; speciation
ID EASTERN TROPICAL PACIFIC; HYBRID MALE-STERILITY; SEX-BIASED DISPERSAL;
NUCLEOTIDE SUBSTITUTIONS; HAPLOTYPE RECONSTRUCTION;
POPULATION-STRUCTURE; GEOGRAPHIC-VARIATION; DROSOPHILA-SANTOMEA;
ADAPTIVE RADIATION; MITOCHONDRIAL-DNA
AB The susceptibility of the Y chromosome to sexual selection may make this chromosome an important player in the formation of reproductive isolating barriers, and ultimately speciation. Here, we investigate the role of the Y chromosome in phenotypic divergence and reproductive isolation of spinner dolphin (Stenella longirostris) ecotypes. This species contains six known ecotypes (grouped into four subspecies) that exhibit striking differences in morphology, habitat and mating system, despite having adjacent or overlapping ranges and little genetic divergence at previously studied mtDNA and autosomal markers. We examined the phylogeographic structure for all six ecotypes across the species range (n=261, 17 geographic locations) using DNA sequences from three Y chromosome markers, two maternally inherited mitochondrial (mtDNA) markers, and a biparentally inherited autosomal intron. mtDNA and autosomal analyses revealed low divergence (most phi ST values <0.1) between ecotypes and geographic regions, concordant with previous studies. In contrast, Y intron analyses revealed fixed differences amongst the three most phenotypically divergent groups: S.l.longirostris vs. S.l.roseiventris vs. combined S.l.orientalis/S.l.centroamericana/Tres Marias ecotypes). Another ecotype (whitebelly), previously postulated to be a hybrid between the two phenotypically most divergent ecotypes, had Y haplotypes from both putative parent ecotypes, supporting a hybrid designation. Reduced introgression of the Y chromosome has previously been observed in other organisms ranging from insects to terrestrial mammals, and here we demonstrate this phenomenon in a marine mammal with high dispersal capabilities. These results indicate that reduced introgression of the Y chromosome occurs in a wide taxonomic range of organisms and support the growing body of evidence that rapid evolution of the Y chromosome is important in evolutionary diversification.
C1 [Andrews, Kimberly R.; Bowen, Brian W.; Puritz, Jonathan B.; Toonen, Robert J.] Hawaii Inst Marine Biol, Kaneohe, HI 96744 USA.
[Perrin, William F.] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Southwest Fisheries Sci Ctr, NOAA, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
[Oremus, Marc] Operat Cetaces, Noumea 98800, New Caledonia.
[Karczmarski, Leszek] Univ Hong Kong, Sch Biol Sci, Swire Inst Marine Sci, Shek O, Hong Kong, Peoples R China.
RP Andrews, KR (reprint author), Hawaii Inst Marine Biol, POB 1346, Kaneohe, HI 96744 USA.
EM kimandrews@gmail.com
RI Puritz, Jonathan/C-9289-2011;
OI Puritz, Jonathan/0000-0003-1404-4680; Toonen, Rob/0000-0001-6339-4340
FU National Science Foundation; National Geographic Society; Pacific Marine
Life Foundation; National Fish and Wildlife Foundation; Anonymous
Foundation; University of Hawai'i Sea Grant College Program; University
of Hawai'i Ecology, Evolution and Conservation Biology Program; Algalita
Foundation; Sea Vision Foundation; American Museum of Natural History;
New Zealand Marsden Fund; Oceanic Society; HIMB-NWHI Coral Reef Research
Partnership [NMSP MOA 2005-008/6882]; University of Hawai; National
Science Foundation [OCE-0454873, EPS-0554657, OCE-0623678]
FX We thank the following for assistance with genetics laboratory work,
analysis and data interpretation: Roxanne Haverkort, Michelle Gaither,
other members of the ToBo Lab, Fred Allendorf, Phil Morin, Tomo Eguchi,
Barbara Taylor. For assistance in sample collection, we thank Bud
Antonelis, Whitlow Au, Lisa Ballance, Robin Baird, Jason Baker, Scott
Baker, Jay Barlow, Marie Chapla, Mark Deakos, Louella Dolar, Ania
Driscoll-Lind, Chris and Cari Eggleston, Beth Flint, Tim Gerrodette,
Annie Gorgone, Nancy Hoffman, Dave Johnston, Randall Kosaki, Danielle
Kreb, Marc Lammers, Keith Larson, Amarisa Marie, Charles Moore, Jan
Ostman-Lind, Robert Pitman, Michael Poole, Charley Potter, Susan
Rickards, Rob Shallenberger, Dave Smith, Robert Smith, Russel Sparks,
Jen Tietjen, Cynthia Vanderlip, Jeff Walters, Daniel Webster, Bernd
Wursig, Chad Yoshinaga, Hawai'i Department of Land and Natural
Resources, Division of Forestry & Wildlife and Division of Aquatic
Resources, U. S. Fish & Wildlife Service, Papahanaumokuakea Marine
National Monument, Hawaiian Islands Humpback Whale National Marine
Sanctuary, NMFS Southwest Fisheries Science Center, NMFS Pacific Islands
Fisheries Science Center, Oceanic Society, the crew of the NOAA R/V
Hiialakai and Texas Institute of Oceanography. Partial funding was
provided by: National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship
Program; National Geographic Society; Pacific Marine Life Foundation;
National Fish and Wildlife Foundation; Anonymous Foundation; University
of Hawai'i Sea Grant College Program; University of Hawai'i Ecology,
Evolution and Conservation Biology Program; Algalita Foundation; Sea
Vision Foundation; American Museum of Natural History; New Zealand
Marsden Fund. Research at Midway Atoll was partially sponsored by the
Oceanic Society. Most genetic analyses were conducted in the ToBo lab at
the Hawai'i Institute of Marine Biology, which is supported by grants
from the HIMB-NWHI Coral Reef Research Partnership (NMSP MOA
2005-008/6882), University of Hawai'i Sea Grant College Program,
National Science Foundation (OCE-0454873 to B. W. B.; EPS-0554657 to
University of Hawai'i; OCE-0623678 to R.J.T.). The views expressed
herein are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views
of NSF, NOAA, the State of Hawai'i or any of their sub-agencies. This is
contribution # 1527 from the Hawai'i Institute of Marine Biology and
SOEST # 8782.
NR 89
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 2
U2 49
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0962-1083
J9 MOL ECOL
JI Mol. Ecol.
PD MAY
PY 2013
VL 22
IS 9
BP 2408
EP 2423
DI 10.1111/mec.12193
PG 16
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology;
Evolutionary Biology
GA 133AZ
UT WOS:000318111100008
PM 23551274
ER
PT J
AU Kim, H
Bose, R
Shen, TC
Solomon, GS
Waks, E
AF Kim, Hyochul
Bose, Ranojoy
Shen, Thomas C.
Solomon, Glenn S.
Waks, Edo
TI A quantum logic gate between a solid-state quantum bit and a photon
SO NATURE PHOTONICS
LA English
DT Article
ID DOT; SEMICONDUCTOR; SYSTEM; SPIN; SPECTROSCOPY; TRANSISTOR
AB Integrated nanophotonic devices create strong light-matter interactions that are important for the development of solid-state quantum networks(1), distributed quantum computers(2) and ultralow-power optoelectronics(3,4). A key component for many of these applications is the photonic quantum logic gate, where the quantum state of a solid-state quantum bit (qubit) conditionally controls the state of a photonic qubit. These gates are crucial for the development of robust quantum networks(5-7), non-destructive quantum measurements(8,9) and strong photon-photon interactions(10). Here, we experimentally realize a quantum logic gate between an optical photon and a solid-state qubit. The qubit is composed of a quantum dot strongly coupled to a nanocavity, which acts as a coherently controllable qubit system that conditionally flips the polarization of a photon on picosecond timescales, implementing a controlled-NOT gate. Our results represent an important step towards solid-state quantum networks and provide a versatile approach for probing quantum dot-photon interactions on ultrafast timescales.
C1 [Kim, Hyochul; Bose, Ranojoy; Shen, Thomas C.; Waks, Edo] Univ Maryland, IREAP, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Solomon, Glenn S.; Waks, Edo] Univ Maryland, Joint Quantum Inst, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Solomon, Glenn S.; Waks, Edo] NIST, Joint Quantum Inst, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Solomon, Glenn S.; Waks, Edo] Univ Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Kim, H (reprint author), Univ Maryland, IREAP, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
EM edowaks@umd.edu
OI Bose, Ranojoy/0000-0002-2908-4426
FU Army Research Office Multidisciplinary University Research Initiative
[W911NF09104]; Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) Defense
Science Office [W31P4Q0910013]; Physics Frontier Center at the Joint
Quantum Institute; Office of Naval Research Applied Electromagnetics
Center; National Science Foundation Faculty Early Career Development
[ECCS 0846494]; DARPA [N660011114121]
FX The authors acknowledge support from the Army Research Office
Multidisciplinary University Research Initiative on hybrid quantum
interactions (grant no. W911NF09104), a Defense Advanced Research
Projects Agency (DARPA) Defense Science Office grant (grant no.
W31P4Q0910013), the Physics Frontier Center at the Joint Quantum
Institute, and the Office of Naval Research Applied Electromagnetics
Center. E. W. acknowledges support from the National Science Foundation
Faculty Early Career Development (CAREER) award (grant no. ECCS 0846494)
and a DARPA Young Faculty Award (grant no. N660011114121).
NR 31
TC 48
Z9 48
U1 5
U2 69
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 1749-4885
J9 NAT PHOTONICS
JI Nat. Photonics
PD MAY
PY 2013
VL 7
IS 5
BP 373
EP 377
DI 10.1038/NPHOTON.2013.48
PG 5
WC Optics; Physics, Applied
SC Optics; Physics
GA 133SR
UT WOS:000318160700012
ER
PT J
AU Boyd, M
AF Boyd, Matthew
TI Analytical model for solar irradiance near a planar vertical diffuse
reflector - Formulation, validation, and simulations
SO SOLAR ENERGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Solar irradiance model; Diffuse reflector; Experimental validation;
Annual simulation
ID FLAT-PLATE COLLECTORS; ENERGY SIMULATION; RADIATION; SURFACES
AB An analytical model is formulated for the irradiance on a surface (collector) with a rear (opposite the sun) planar vertical diffuse reflector, as is common for a lower roof on a multi-story building. The vast majority of research on solar reflectors has been for specular, or mirror, reflectors, with any diffuse reflections modeled about the specular reflection angle. This model is capable of calculating incident and reflected direct, diffuse, and ground-reflected radiation using components borrowed from the Hay, Davies, Klucher, Reindl (HDKR) irradiance model, and is easily implemented in any computation programming software capable of numeric integration. The model accounts for reflector edge effects and shading of diffuse and ground-reflected radiation by the reflector, but it does not account for shading of beam radiation by the reflector.
The model shows good overall agreement with experimental tests, and is three percentage points more accurate than a standard radiation model for tilted surfaces. The model indicates that a planar vertical diffuse reflector increases the irradiance at high clearness indices and low reflector incidence angles, and decreases the irradiance otherwise. Increasing the reflector height and decreasing the collector pitch and distance between the collector and reflector increases the irradiance during clear periods, but decreases the irradiance, to a lesser absolute extent, during cloudy periods. Annual simulations show a gain in winter insolation and a loss in summer insolation for an average collector/reflector, with an increase in annual insolation for collectors near high albedo reflectors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Boyd, M (reprint author), NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM matthew.boyd@nist.gov
OI Boyd, Matthew/0000-0003-2705-3084
NR 39
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 1
U2 11
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0038-092X
J9 SOL ENERGY
JI Sol. Energy
PD MAY
PY 2013
VL 91
BP 79
EP 92
DI 10.1016/j.solener.2013.01.015
PG 14
WC Energy & Fuels
SC Energy & Fuels
GA 133JW
UT WOS:000318135700009
ER
PT J
AU Gopalswamy, N
Makela, P
Akiyama, S
Xie, H
Yashiro, S
Reinard, AA
AF Gopalswamy, N.
Maekelae, P.
Akiyama, S.
Xie, H.
Yashiro, S.
Reinard, A. A.
TI The Solar Connection of Enhanced Heavy Ion Charge States in the
Interplanetary Medium: Implications for the Flux-Rope Structure of CMEs
SO SOLAR PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Coronal mass ejections; Flares; Flux rope; Magnetic cloud, charge state
ID CORONAL MASS EJECTIONS; II RADIO-BURSTS; MAGNETIC RECONNECTION; FLARE;
PLASMA; CLOUD; WIND
AB We investigated a set of 54 interplanetary coronal mass ejection (ICME) events whose solar sources are very close to the disk center (within +/- 15(a similar to) from the central meridian). The ICMEs consisted of 23 magnetic-cloud (MC) events and 31 non-MC events. Our analyses suggest that the MC and non-MC ICMEs have more or less the same eruption characteristics at the Sun in terms of soft X-ray flares and CMEs. Both types have significant enhancements in ion charge states, although the non-MC structures have slightly lower levels of enhancement. The overall duration of charge-state enhancement is also considerably smaller than that in MCs as derived from solar wind plasma and magnetic signatures. We find very good correlation between the Fe and O charge-state measurements and the flare properties such as soft X-ray flare intensity and flare temperature for both MCs and non-MCs. These observations suggest that both MC and non-MC ICMEs are likely to have a flux-rope structure and the unfavorable observational geometry may be responsible for the appearance of non-MC structures at 1 AU. We do not find any evidence for an active region expansion resulting in ICMEs lacking a flux-rope structure because the mechanism of producing high charge states and the flux-rope structure at the Sun is the same for MC and non-MC events.
C1 [Gopalswamy, N.] NASA Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD USA.
[Maekelae, P.; Akiyama, S.; Xie, H.; Yashiro, S.] Catholic Univ Amer, Washington, DC 20064 USA.
[Reinard, A. A.] NOAA Space Weather Predict Ctr, Boulder, CO USA.
RP Gopalswamy, N (reprint author), NASA Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD USA.
EM nat.gopalswamy@nasa.gov
RI Reinard, Alysha/H-7808-2013
OI Reinard, Alysha/0000-0003-0304-2989
NR 47
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 0
U2 4
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0038-0938
J9 SOL PHYS
JI Sol. Phys.
PD MAY
PY 2013
VL 284
IS 1
BP 17
EP 46
DI 10.1007/s11207-012-0215-2
PG 30
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 133ZL
UT WOS:000318179300003
ER
PT J
AU Gurarie, E
Ovaskainen, O
AF Gurarie, Eliezer
Ovaskainen, Otso
TI Towards a general formalization of encounter rates in ecology
SO THEORETICAL ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Encounter rates; Animal movement; Encounter kernel; Characteristic
scales; Correlated velocity movement; Mean field perturbation
ID ANIMAL MOVEMENT; RANDOM-WALK; METAPOPULATION DYNAMICS;
CAPTURE-RECAPTURE; MODELS; DISPERSAL; PREDATOR; DIFFUSION; SPACE;
LANDSCAPES
AB Although encounters between organisms are fundamental to many ecological processes, a general theory of encounters that accounts for random movements and probabilistic events has yet to be proposed. We present a framework for examining probabilistic encounters between arbitrarily moving searchers and immobile targets in continuous space and time. We define and contrast first encounter rates and mean encounter rates, which are generally not equal and depend on several properties of the process, including movement behaviors, the spatial scales of the encounter kernel, spatial distribution and birth-death dynamics of targets, and whether the encounters are destructive. Based on these considerations, we propose a taxonomy of encounter processes and discuss their functional relationships. Analytical approximations in several special cases are derived, leading to inference about general patterns. We identify, for example, cases (nondestructive, mean encounters) in which encounter rates are completely independent of movement velocity or tortuosity, and we quantify the dependence for cases (e.g., hard, first encounters and destructive encounters in a dynamic landscape) where there is a relationship. The analytical results lead to general qualitative conclusions, while the mathematical formalization and taxonomic organization provides a framework for studying and contrasting a broad range of encounter processes in ecology.
C1 [Gurarie, Eliezer] Univ Washington, Dept Stat, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Gurarie, Eliezer] NOAA Fisheries, Natl Marine Mammal Lab, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
[Ovaskainen, Otso] Univ Helsinki, Dept Biosci, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland.
RP Gurarie, E (reprint author), Univ Washington, Dept Stat, Box 354322, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
EM eliezg@u.washington.edu; otso.ovaskainen@helsinki.fi
RI Ovaskainen, Otso/D-9119-2012;
OI Ovaskainen, Otso/0000-0001-9750-4421; Gurarie,
Eliezer/0000-0002-8666-9674
FU Academy of Finland [129636]; European Research Council (ERC) [205905]
FX We thank Jim Anderson and Finn Laidre for inspiring many of the ideas in
this manuscript. Len Thomas, Tiago Splitter and two anonymous reviewers
provided close readings and useful suggestions. O.O. was funded by the
Academy of Finland (grant 129636) and the European Research Council (ERC
Starting Grant 205905).
NR 44
TC 20
Z9 20
U1 2
U2 47
PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG
PI HEIDELBERG
PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY
SN 1874-1738
J9 THEOR ECOL-NETH
JI Theor. Ecol.
PD MAY
PY 2013
VL 6
IS 2
BP 189
EP 202
DI 10.1007/s12080-012-0170-4
PG 14
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 131HE
UT WOS:000317982700008
ER
PT J
AU Tiedeken, JA
Ramsdell, JS
AF Tiedeken, Jessica A.
Ramsdell, John S.
TI Persistent Neurological Damage Associated With Spontaneous Recurrent
Seizures and Atypical Aggressive Behavior of Domoic Acid Epileptic
Disease
SO TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
DE domoic acid; seizure; epilepsy; piriform cortex; aggression; rat; sea
lion
ID TEMPORAL-LOBE EPILEPSY; LIONS ZALOPHUS-CALIFORNIANUS; ANTERIOR OLFACTORY
NUCLEUS; SEA LIONS; NEURONAL DEGENERATION; PIRIFORM CORTEX; RAT MODEL;
NEUROTOXICITY; KAINATE; VASOPRESSIN
AB The harmful alga Pseudo-nitzschia sp. is the cause of human amnesic shellfish poisoning and the stranding of thousands of sea lions with seizures as a hallmark symptom. A human case study and epidemiological report of hundreds of stranded sea lions found individuals presenting months after recovery with a neurological disease similar to temporal lobe epilepsy. A rat model developed to establish and better predict how epileptic disease results from domoic acid poisoning demonstrated that a single episode of status epilepticus (SE), after a latent period, leads to a progressive state of spontaneous recurrent seizure (SRS) and expression of atypical aggressive behaviors. Structural damage associated with domoic acid induced SE is prominent in olfactory pathways. Here, we examine structural damage in seven rats that progressed to epileptic disease. Diseased animals show progressive neuronal loss in the piriform cortex and degeneration of terminal fields in these layers and the posteromedial cortical amygdaloid nucleus. Animals that display aggressive behavior had additional neuronal damage to the anterior olfactory cortex. This study provides insight into the structural basis for the progression of domoic acid epileptic disease and relates to the California sea lion, where poisoned animals progress to a disease characterized by SRS and aggressive behaviors.
C1 [Tiedeken, Jessica A.; Ramsdell, John S.] NOAA, Marine Biotoxins Program, Ctr Coastal Environm Hlth & Bimol Res, Natl Ocean Serv, Charleston, SC 29412 USA.
RP Ramsdell, JS (reprint author), Ctr Coastal Environm Hlth & Biomol Res, 219 Ft Johnson Rd, Charleston, SC 29412 USA.
EM john.ramsdell@noaa.gov
NR 41
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 13
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 1096-6080
J9 TOXICOL SCI
JI Toxicol. Sci.
PD MAY
PY 2013
VL 133
IS 1
BP 133
EP 143
DI 10.1093/toxsci/kft037
PG 11
WC Toxicology
SC Toxicology
GA 133LX
UT WOS:000318141000013
PM 23457124
ER
PT J
AU Marques, TA
Thomas, L
Martin, SW
Mellinger, DK
Ward, JA
Moretti, DJ
Harris, D
Tyack, PL
AF Marques, Tiago A.
Thomas, Len
Martin, Stephen W.
Mellinger, David K.
Ward, Jessica A.
Moretti, David J.
Harris, Danielle
Tyack, Peter L.
TI Estimating animal population density using passive acoustics
SO BIOLOGICAL REVIEWS
LA English
DT Review
DE acoustic surveys; bioacoustics; density estimation; distance sampling;
passive acoustic monitoring; spatially explicit capture-recapture; fixed
sensors; hydrophones
ID SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA BIGHT; CAPTURE-RECAPTURE DATA; SPERM-WHALE
ABUNDANCE; CALL SOURCE LEVELS; FINLESS PORPOISES; BEAKED-WHALES;
INDIVIDUAL RECOGNITION; HYDROPHONE ARRAY; HALOBATRACHUS-DIDACTYLUS;
VOCALIZATION PATTERNS
AB Reliable estimation of the size or density of wild animal populations is very important for effective wildlife management, conservation and ecology. Currently, the most widely used methods for obtaining such estimates involve either sighting animals from transect lines or some form of capture-recapture on marked or uniquely identifiable individuals. However, many species are difficult to sight, and cannot be easily marked or recaptured. Some of these species produce readily identifiable sounds, providing an opportunity to use passive acoustic data to estimate animal density. In addition, even for species for which other visually based methods are feasible, passive acoustic methods offer the potential for greater detection ranges in some environments (e.g. underwater or in dense forest), and hence potentially better precision. Automated data collection means that surveys can take place at times and in places where it would be too expensive or dangerous to send human observers. Here, we present an overview of animal density estimation using passive acoustic data, a relatively new and fast-developing field. We review the types of data and methodological approaches currently available to researchers and we provide a framework for acoustics-based density estimation, illustrated with examples from real-world case studies. We mention moving sensor platforms (e.g. towed acoustics), but then focus on methods involving sensors at fixed locations, particularly hydrophones to survey marine mammals, as acoustic-based density estimation research to date has been concentrated in this area. Primary among these are methods based on distance sampling and spatially explicit capture-recapture. The methods are also applicable to other aquatic and terrestrial sound-producing taxa. We conclude that, despite being in its infancy, density estimation based on passive acoustic data likely will become an important method for surveying a number of diverse taxa, such as sea mammals, fish, birds, amphibians, and insects, especially in situations where inferences are required over long periods of time. There is considerable work ahead, with several potentially fruitful research areas, including the development of (i) hardware and software for data acquisition, (ii) efficient, calibrated, automated detection and classification systems, and (iii) statistical approaches optimized for this application. Further, survey design will need to be developed, and research is needed on the acoustic behaviour of target species. Fundamental research on vocalization rates and group sizes, and the relation between these and other factors such as season or behaviour state, is critical. Evaluation of the methods under known density scenarios will be important for empirically validating the approaches presented here.
C1 [Marques, Tiago A.; Thomas, Len; Harris, Danielle] Univ St Andrews, Ctr Res Ecol & Environm Modelling, Buchanan Gardens KY16 9LZ, Fife, Scotland.
[Marques, Tiago A.] Univ Lisbon, Ctr Estat & Aplicacoes, P-1749016 Lisbon, Portugal.
[Martin, Stephen W.] Space & Naval Warfare Syst Ctr Pacific, San Diego, CA 92152 USA.
[Mellinger, David K.] Oregon State Univ, Cooperat Inst Marine Resources Studies, Newport, OR 97365 USA.
[Mellinger, David K.] NOAA, Pacific Marine Environm Lab, Newport, OR 97365 USA.
[Ward, Jessica A.; Moretti, David J.] USN, Undersea Warfare Ctr, Newport, RI 02841 USA.
[Tyack, Peter L.] Univ St Andrews, Scottish Oceans Inst, Sea Mammal Res Unit, St Andrews KY16 8LB, Fife, Scotland.
RP Marques, TA (reprint author), Univ St Andrews, Ctr Res Ecol & Environm Modelling, Buchanan Gardens KY16 9LZ, Fife, Scotland.
EM tiago@mcs.st-and.ac.uk
RI Tyack, Peter/D-6209-2013; Marques, Tiago/A-5530-2010;
OI Tyack, Peter/0000-0002-8409-4790; Marques, Tiago/0000-0002-2581-1972;
Thomas, Len/0000-0002-7436-067X
FU National Oceanographic Partnership Program; Joint Industry Program of
the International Association of Oil and Gas Producers; US National
Marine Fisheries Service; Fundacao Nacional para a Ciencia e Tecnologia,
Portugal (FCT) [PEst OE/MAT/UI0006/2011]; Office of Naval Research
[N00014-11-1-0606]; Naval Postgraduate School [N00244-11-1-0026]; UK
Defence Science and Technology Laboratory
FX The framework described here was the outcome of a 3-year project,
Density Estimation for Cetaceans from passive Acoustic Fixed sensors
(DECAF), sponsored by the National Oceanographic Partnership Program and
funded jointly by the Joint Industry Program of the International
Association of Oil and Gas Producers and the US National Marine
Fisheries Service. We thank all DECAF members for many insightful
discussions and contributions, particularly the project steering
committee: Jay Barlow, Steve Buckland and Walter Zimmer. DECAF's project
manager Catriona Harris provided very useful comments on the manuscript,
as did Tom Norris. T. A. M. was partially sponsored by national funds
through the Fundacao Nacional para a Ciencia e Tecnologia, Portugal
(FCT) under the project PEst OE/MAT/UI0006/2011. DKM was also supported
by Office of Naval Research grant N00014-11-1-0606 and Naval
Postgraduate School grant N00244-11-1-0026. L.T. thanks John Hildebrand
for initially piquing his interest in bioacoustics, and for spending
many hours during his sabbatical in St Andrews trying to teach him
something about it. D.H. was supported by the UK Defence Science and
Technology Laboratory. This is PMEL contribution #3698.
NR 174
TC 68
Z9 69
U1 20
U2 252
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1464-7931
J9 BIOL REV
JI Biol. Rev.
PD MAY
PY 2013
VL 88
IS 2
BP 287
EP 309
DI 10.1111/brv.12001
PG 23
WC Biology
SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics
GA 119AD
UT WOS:000317067900003
PM 23190144
ER
PT J
AU Frischkorn, KR
Stojanovski, A
Paranjpye, R
AF Frischkorn, Kyle R.
Stojanovski, Asta
Paranjpye, Rohinee
TI Vibrio parahaemolyticus type IV pili mediate interactions with
diatom-derived chitin and point to an unexplored mechanism of
environmental persistence
SO ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID CRASSOSTREA-VIRGINICA; BIOFILM FORMATION; ESCHERICHIA-COLI;
WASHINGTON-STATE; COASTAL WATERS; CHESAPEAKE BAY; UNITED-STATES;
CHOLERAE; VULNIFICUS; BACTERIA
AB Vibrio parahaemolyticus is a naturally occurring bacterium common in coastal waters where it concentrates in shellfish through filter feeding. The bacterium is a human pathogen and the leading cause of seafood-borne gastroenteritis. Presently there is little information regarding mechanisms of environmental persistence of V.parahaemolyticus or an accurate early warning system for outbreak prediction. Vibrios have been shown to adhere to several substrates in the environment, including chitin, one of the most abundant polymers in the ocean. Diatoms are abundant in estuarine waters and some species produce chitin as a component of the silica cell wall or as extracellular fibrils. We examined the role of specific surface structures on the bacterium, the type IV pilins PilA and MshA, in adherence to diatom-derived chitin. Biofilm formation and adherence of V.parahaemolyticus to chitin is mediated by the ability of the bacterium to express functional type IV pili. The amount of adherence to diatom-derived chitin is controlled by increased chitin production that occurs in later stages of diatom growth. The data presented here suggest late-stage diatom blooms may harbour high concentrations of V.parahaemolyticus and could serve as the foundation for a more accurate early warning system for outbreaks of this human pathogen.
C1 [Frischkorn, Kyle R.; Stojanovski, Asta; Paranjpye, Rohinee] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
RP Paranjpye, R (reprint author), NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, 2725 Montlake Blvd E, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
EM rohinee.paranjpye@noaa.gov
FU NOAA Oceans and Human Health Initiative
FX Special thanks to Colleen Durkin for the discussions of ideas and
suggestions during this study. Thanks to Micaela Parker, Dave
Frischkorn, Kate Hubbard, Linda Rhodes, Ginger Armbrust and Mark Strom
for helpful edits and experimental suggestions. Thanks also to Carla
Stehr and Gladys Yanagida for the scanning electron microscopy, Brian
Bill for help with phytoplankton cultures and Eric Stabb for the gfp
plasmid. Funding for this project was provided by the NOAA Oceans and
Human Health Initiative.
NR 57
TC 21
Z9 21
U1 1
U2 37
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1462-2912
J9 ENVIRON MICROBIOL
JI Environ. Microbiol.
PD MAY
PY 2013
VL 15
IS 5
SI SI
BP 1416
EP 1427
DI 10.1111/1462-2920.12093
PG 12
WC Microbiology
SC Microbiology
GA 132BD
UT WOS:000318041800013
PM 23441888
ER
PT J
AU Aluri, GS
Motayed, A
Davydov, AV
Oleshko, VP
Bertness, KA
Rao, MV
AF Aluri, Geetha S.
Motayed, Abhishek
Davydov, Albert V.
Oleshko, Vladimir P.
Bertness, Kris A.
Rao, Mulpuri V.
TI Nitro-Aromatic Explosive Sensing Using GaN Nanowire-Titania Nanocluster
Hybrids
SO IEEE SENSORS JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE Explosives; functionalized nanostructures; GaN nanowires; nanoclusters;
nanowire-nanoclusters; nitro-aromatics; photoconductivity sensors;
trinitrotoluene (TNT)
ID CARBON NANOTUBES; NANOSENSORS; SENSORS; TIO2
AB Globalization of terrorist attacks in recent years calls for advanced technologies to detect the concealed explosives effectively. We demonstrate a highly sensitive and selective detection of traces of nitro-aromatic explosive compounds by functionalizing gallium nitride (GaN) nanowires with titania (TiO2) nanoclusters to address this issue. The ultraviolet light photo-modulated GaN/TiO2 nanowire-nanocluster (NWNC) hybrids show remarkable selectivity to benzene and related aromatic compounds, with no measureable response for other analytes at room temperature. This paper presents the sensing characteristics of GaN/TiO2 NWNC hybrids towards the different aromatic and nitroaromatic compounds at room temperature. The GaN/TiO2 hybrids are able to detect trinitrotoluene (TNT) concentrations as low as 500 ppt in air and dinitrobenzene concentrations as low as 10 ppb in air in approximately 30 s. The noted sensitivity range of the devices for TNT is from 8 ppm down to as low as 500 ppt. The detection limit of dinitrotoluene, nitrobenzene, nitrotoluene, toluene and benzene in air is 100 ppb with a response time of similar to 75 s. The devices showed very sensitive and selective response to TNT when compared to interfering compounds like toluene with good reproducibility. Integration of different NWNC hybrids on the same substrate could lead to tiny, highly sensitive, selective, low-power and smart explosive detectors that could be manufactured cheaply in large numbers.
C1 [Aluri, Geetha S.; Rao, Mulpuri V.] George Mason Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA.
[Aluri, Geetha S.; Rao, Mulpuri V.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Motayed, Abhishek] Univ Maryland, Inst Res Elect & Appl Phys, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
[Motayed, Abhishek; Davydov, Albert V.; Oleshko, Vladimir P.] NIST, Mat Measurements Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Bertness, Kris A.] NIST, Phys Measurement Lab, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Aluri, GS (reprint author), George Mason Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA.
EM galuri@gmu.edu; abhishek.motayed@nist.gov; davydov@nist.gov;
vladimir.oleshko@nist.gov; bertness@boulder.nist.gov; rmulpuri@gmu.edu
RI Davydov, Albert/F-7773-2010; Oleshko, Vladimir/A-6250-2014
OI Davydov, Albert/0000-0003-4512-2311; Oleshko,
Vladimir/0000-0003-0538-2354
FU National Science Foundation [ECCS-0901712]; Defense Threat Reduction
Agency, Basic Research [HDTRA1-10-1-0107]
FX This work was supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant
ECCS-0901712, and the Defense Threat Reduction Agency, Basic Research
under Award HDTRA1-10-1-0107, to the University of Maryland. The
associate editor coordinating the review of this paper and approving it
for publication was Prof. Istvan Barsony.
NR 15
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 0
U2 55
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 1530-437X
EI 1558-1748
J9 IEEE SENS J
JI IEEE Sens. J.
PD MAY
PY 2013
VL 13
IS 5
BP 1883
EP 1888
DI 10.1109/JSEN.2013.2241423
PG 6
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation;
Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics
GA 128QH
UT WOS:000317783400006
ER
PT J
AU Brubaker, MD
Blanchard, PT
Schlager, JB
Sanders, AW
Herrero, AM
Roshko, A
Duff, SM
Harvey, TE
Bright, VM
Sanford, NA
Bertness, KA
AF Brubaker, Matt D.
Blanchard, Paul T.
Schlager, John B.
Sanders, Aric W.
Herrero, Andrew M.
Roshko, Alexana
Duff, Shannon M.
Harvey, Todd E.
Bright, Victor M.
Sanford, Norman A.
Bertness, Kris A.
TI Toward Discrete Axial p-n Junction Nanowire Light-Emitting Diodes Grown
by Plasma-Assisted Molecular Beam Epitaxy
SO JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
DE Gallium nitride; nanowires; light-emitting diodes; molecular beam
epitaxy
ID GAN; MODEL; MG
AB In this paper we investigate axial p-n junction GaN nanowires grown by plasma-assisted molecular beam epitaxy (MBE), with particular attention to the effect of Mg doping on the device characteristics of individual nanowire light-emitting diodes (LEDs). We observe that a significant fraction of single-nanowire LEDs produce measurable band-gap electroluminescence when a thin AlGaN electron blocking layer (EBL) is incorporated into the device structure near the junction. Similar devices with no EBL typically yield below-detection-limit electroluminescence, despite diode-like I-V characteristics and optically measured internal quantum efficiencies (IQEs) of similar to 1%. I-V measurements of the p-regions in p-n junction nanowires, as well as nanowires doped with Mg only, indicate low p-type conductivity and asymmetric Schottky-like p-contacts. These observations suggest that imbalanced carrier injection from the junction and p-contact can produce significant nonradiative losses.
C1 [Brubaker, Matt D.; Blanchard, Paul T.; Schlager, John B.; Sanders, Aric W.; Herrero, Andrew M.; Roshko, Alexana; Duff, Shannon M.; Harvey, Todd E.; Sanford, Norman A.; Bertness, Kris A.] Univ Colorado, NIST, Phys Measurement Lab, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Brubaker, Matt D.; Bright, Victor M.] Univ Colorado, Dept Mech Engn, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RP Brubaker, MD (reprint author), Univ Colorado, NIST, Phys Measurement Lab, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
EM matthew.brubaker@nist.gov
FU National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST); DARPA Center on
Nanoscale Science and Technology for Integrated
Micro/Nano-Electromechanical Transducers (iMINT); DARPA N/MEMS S&T
Fundamentals Program, Space and Naval Warfare Systems Center Pacific
(SPAWAR) [N66001-10-1-4007]
FX Financial support for this research was provided by the National
Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). Partial support was
provided by the DARPA Center on Nanoscale Science and Technology for
Integrated Micro/Nano-Electromechanical Transducers (iMINT) and the
DARPA N/MEMS S&T Fundamentals Program under Grant No. N66001-10-1-4007
issued by the Space and Naval Warfare Systems Center Pacific (SPAWAR).
NR 33
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 1
U2 30
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0361-5235
J9 J ELECTRON MATER
JI J. Electron. Mater.
PD MAY
PY 2013
VL 42
IS 5
BP 868
EP 874
DI 10.1007/s11664-013-2498-y
PG 7
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science,
Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Materials Science; Physics
GA 131JD
UT WOS:000317988300016
ER
PT J
AU Noren, DP
Holt, MM
Dunkin, RC
Williams, TM
AF Noren, Dawn P.
Holt, Marla M.
Dunkin, Robin C.
Williams, Terrie M.
TI The metabolic cost of communicative sound production in bottlenose
dolphins (Tursiops truncatus)
SO JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE marine mammal; metabolic cost; metabolism; oxygen consumption; whistle
ID ENERGETIC COST; SIGNATURE WHISTLES; OXYGEN-CONSUMPTION; ECHOLOCATION;
EXPENDITURE; BEHAVIOR; CALLS; SONG; VO2
AB Bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) produce various communicative sounds that are important for social behavior, maintaining group cohesion and coordinating foraging. For example, whistle production increases during disturbances, such as separations of mother-calf pairs and vessel approaches. It is clear that acoustic communication is important to the survival of these marine mammals, yet the metabolic cost of producing whistles and other socials sounds and the energetic consequences of modifying these sounds in response to both natural and anthropogenic disturbance are unknown. We used flow-through respirometry to determine whether the metabolic cost of sound production could be quantified in two captive dolphins producing social sounds (whistles and squawks). On average, we found that metabolic rates measured during 2. min periods of sound production were 1.2 times resting values. Up to 7 min were required for metabolism to return to resting values following vocal periods. The total metabolic cost (over resting values) of the 2. min vocal period plus the required recovery period (163.3 to 2995.9 ml O-2 or 3279.6 to 60,166.7 J) varied by individual as well as by mean duration of sounds produced within the vocal period. Observed variation in received cumulative sound energy levels of vocalizations was not related to total metabolic costs. Furthermore, our empirical findings did not agree with previous theoretical estimates of the metabolic cost of whistles. This study provides the first empirical data on the metabolic cost of sound production in dolphins, which can be used to estimate metabolic costs of vocal responses to environmental perturbations in wild dolphins.
C1 [Noren, Dawn P.; Holt, Marla M.] NOAA, Conservat Biol Div, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
[Dunkin, Robin C.; Williams, Terrie M.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Long Marine Lab, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
RP Noren, DP (reprint author), NOAA, Conservat Biol Div, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, 2725 Montlake Blvd East, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
EM dawn.noren@noaa.gov
FU Office of Naval Research [N0001410IP20067, N0001411IP20017,
N000141110341]
FX This research was supported by the Office of Naval Research
[N0001410IP20067 and N0001411IP20017 to D.P.N. and M.M.H., N000141110341
to T.M.W.].
NR 32
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 4
U2 81
PU COMPANY OF BIOLOGISTS LTD
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA BIDDER BUILDING CAMBRIDGE COMMERCIAL PARK COWLEY RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 4DL,
CAMBS, ENGLAND
SN 0022-0949
J9 J EXP BIOL
JI J. Exp. Biol.
PD MAY
PY 2013
VL 216
IS 9
BP 1624
EP 1629
DI 10.1242/jeb.083212
PG 6
WC Biology
SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics
GA 127TW
UT WOS:000317722700021
PM 23393280
ER
PT J
AU Haupt, AJ
Michel, F
Palumbi, SR
AF Haupt, Alison J.
Michel, Fiorenza
Palumbi, Stephen R.
TI Dispersal at a Snail's Pace: Historical Processes Affect Contemporary
Genetic Structure in the Exploited Wavy Top Snail (Megastraea undosa)
SO JOURNAL OF HEREDITY
LA English
DT Article
DE fisheries; larval dispersal; management; phylogeography; population
genetics; range expansion
ID MITOCHONDRIAL-DNA SEQUENCES; ROCKY INTERTIDAL COMMUNITY; LARVAL
DISPERSAL; RANGE EXPANSION; ICE AGES; POPULATION CONNECTIVITY;
NATURAL-POPULATIONS; MARINE POPULATIONS; SELF-RECRUITMENT; PATTERNS
AB We used population genetics to assess historical and modern demography of the exploited wavy top snail, Megastraea undosa, which has a 5-10 day pelagic larval duration. Foot tissue was sampled from an average of 51 individuals at 17 sites across the range of M. undosa. Genetic structure at the mtDNA locus is strikingly high (Phi(ST) of 0.19 across 1000 km), and a major cline occurs in northern Baja California (Phi(CT) per of 0.29 between northern and southern populations). Genetic data indicate that the northern region is highly connected through larval dispersal, whereas the southern region exhibits low genetic structure. However, additional analyses based on patterns of haplotype diversity and relationships among haplotypes indicate that M undosa has likely recently expanded into the Southern California Bight or expanded from a small refugial population, and analysis using isolation by distance to calculate dispersal distance indicates surprisingly short estimates of dispersal from 30 m to 3 km. This scenario of a northward expansion and limited larval dispersal is supported by coalescent-based simulations of genetic data. The different patterns of genetic variation between northern and southern populations are likely artifacts of evolutionary history rather than differences in larval dispersal and this may have applications to management of this species. Specifically, these data can help to inform the scale at which this species should be managed, and given the potentially very small dispersal distances, this species should be managed at local scales. Consideration of the evolutionary history of target species allows for a more accurate interpretation of genetic data for management.
C1 [Haupt, Alison J.; Michel, Fiorenza; Palumbi, Stephen R.] Stanford Univ, Hopkins Marine Stn, Pacific Grove, CA 93950 USA.
[Haupt, Alison J.] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
RP Haupt, AJ (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Hopkins Marine Stn, 100 Oceanview Blvd, Pacific Grove, CA 93950 USA.
EM ajhaupt@gmail.com
RI Munguia-Vega, Adrian/G-8417-2012
FU National Science Foundation [OCE-0410439]; David and Lucile Packard
Foundation; Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation
FX National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship awarded to
A.J.H.; NSF Biocomplexity in the Environment Grant OCE-0410439.
Partnership for the Interdisciplinary Study of Coastal Oceans sponsored
by the David and Lucile Packard Foundation and the Gordon and Betty
Moore Foundation.
NR 102
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 2
U2 33
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
PI CARY
PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA
SN 0022-1503
EI 1465-7333
J9 J HERED
JI J. Hered.
PD MAY-JUN
PY 2013
VL 104
IS 3
BP 327
EP 340
DI 10.1093/jhered/est002
PG 14
WC Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity
SC Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity
GA 130BK
UT WOS:000317887500003
PM 23450089
ER
PT J
AU Kim, YS
Dagalakis, NG
Gupta, SK
AF Kim, Yong-Sik
Dagalakis, Nicholas G.
Gupta, Satyandra K.
TI Creating large out-of-plane displacement electrothermal motion stage by
incorporating beams with step features
SO JOURNAL OF MICROMECHANICS AND MICROENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article
ID THERMAL ACTUATOR; DESIGN; MICROACTUATORS
AB Realizing out-of-plane actuation in micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS) is still a challenging task. In this paper, the design, fabrication methods and experimental results for a MEMS-based out-of-plane motion stage are presented based on bulk micromachining technologies. This stage is electrothermally actuated for out-of-plane motion by incorporating beams with step features. The fabricated motion stage has demonstrated displacements of 85 mu m with 0.4 mu m (mA)(-1) rates and generated up to 11.8 mN forces with stiffness of 138.8 N m(-1). These properties obtained from the presented stage are comparable to those for in-plane motion stages, therefore making this out-of-plane stage useful when used in combination with in-plane motion stages.
C1 [Kim, Yong-Sik; Dagalakis, Nicholas G.] NIST, Intelligent Syst Div, Engn Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Kim, Yong-Sik; Gupta, Satyandra K.] Univ Maryland, Dept Mech Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Kim, Yong-Sik; Gupta, Satyandra K.] Univ Maryland, Syst Res Inst, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
RP Kim, YS (reprint author), NIST, Intelligent Syst Div, Engn Lab, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM mk37do@gmail.com
FU Next Generation Robotics and Automation program of the Intelligent
Systems Division, Engineering Laboratory, National Institute of
Standards and Technology, USA
FX The authors would like to thank Dr Seung-Ho Yang for his valuable review
and Dr Richard Gates for an out-of-plane resonant frequency measurement
experiment. This research was performed in part in the NIST Center for
Nanoscale Science and Technology Nano Fabrication Clean Room. This work
was supported by the Next Generation Robotics and Automation program of
the Intelligent Systems Division, Engineering Laboratory, National
Institute of Standards and Technology, USA.
NR 32
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 20
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0960-1317
EI 1361-6439
J9 J MICROMECH MICROENG
JI J. Micromech. Microeng.
PD MAY
PY 2013
VL 23
IS 5
AR 055008
DI 10.1088/0960-1317/23/5/055008
PG 10
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology;
Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Instruments &
Instrumentation; Physics
GA 128AA
UT WOS:000317739100008
ER
PT J
AU Ishimura, G
Herrick, S
Sumaila, UR
AF Ishimura, Gakushi
Herrick, Samuel
Sumaila, Ussif Rashid
TI Stability of cooperative management of the Pacific sardine fishery under
climate variability
SO MARINE POLICY
LA English
DT Article
DE Climate variability; Transboundary fish and fishery; Cooperative
management
ID POPULATIONS; CALIFORNIA; SAGAX; EXTERNALITIES; MODELS; SHIFTS; GAMES
AB Asymmetry in transboundary fish stock distribution caused by climate variability can make the stability of cooperative management challenging. Pacific sardine (Sardinops sagax), which exhibits extreme decadal variability in abundance and geographic distribution corresponding to water temperature regime shifts within the California Current Ecosystem, is expected to face such issues. Pacific sardine is a transboundary resource targeted by Mexican, U.S. and Canadian fisheries. Our study applies a three-agent game theoretic model that incorporates environmental effects on Pacific sardine abundance and biomass distribution. Simulations are conducted to evaluate the stability of full and partial cooperative management of the Pacific sardine fishery, under seven different climate variability scenarios. Our results show that ocean climate variability could motivate the formation of stable cooperative management outcomes for the Pacific sardine fisheries operated by Canada, the U.S. and Mexico. (c) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Ishimura, Gakushi] Hokkaido Univ, Ctr Sustainabil Sci, Kita Ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 0600809, Japan.
[Herrick, Samuel] NOAA, Fisheries Serv, SW Fisheries Sci Ctr, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
[Sumaila, Ussif Rashid] Univ British Columbia, Fisheries Ctr, AERL, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.
RP Ishimura, G (reprint author), Hokkaido Univ, Ctr Sustainabil Sci, Kita Ku, Kita 9 Nishi 8, Sapporo, Hokkaido 0600809, Japan.
EM gakugaku@census.hokudai.ac.jp; sam.herrick@noaa.gov;
r.sumaila@fisheries.ubc.ca
NR 36
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 4
U2 15
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0308-597X
J9 MAR POLICY
JI Mar. Pol.
PD MAY
PY 2013
VL 39
BP 333
EP 340
DI 10.1016/j.marpol.2012.12.008
PG 8
WC Environmental Studies; International Relations
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; International Relations
GA 124ID
UT WOS:000317456100039
ER
PT J
AU Bai, XZ
Wang, J
Schwab, DJ
Yang, Y
Luo, L
Leshkevich, GA
Liu, SZ
AF Bai, Xuezhi
Wang, Jia
Schwab, David J.
Yang, Yi
Luo, Lin
Leshkevich, George A.
Liu, Songzhi
TI Modeling 1993-2008 climatology of seasonal general circulation and
thermal structure in the Great Lakes using FVCOM
SO OCEAN MODELLING
LA English
DT Article
DE Great Lakes; General circulation; Thermal structure; Modeling; FVCOM
ID OCEAN SURFACE-LAYER; WINTER CIRCULATION; WATER TEMPERATURE; KEWEENAW
CURRENT; WIND-DRIVEN; ONTARIO; MICHIGAN; ERIE; SUPERIOR; SIMULATION
AB An unstructured Finite Volume Coastal Ocean Model was applied to all five Great Lakes simultaneously to simulate circulation and thermal structure from 1993 to 2008. Model results are compared to available observations of currents and temperature and previous modeling work. Maps of climatological circulation for all five Great lakes are presented. Winter currents show a two-gyre type circulation in Lakes Ontario and Erie and one large-scale cyclonic circulation in Lakes Michigan, Huron, and Superior. During the summer, a cyclonic circulation remains in Lakes Superior; a primarily cyclonic circulation dominates upper and central Lake Huron; Lake Ontario has a single cyclonic circulation, while circulation in the central basin of Lake Erie remains two-gyre type; Lake Michigan has a cyclonic gyre in the north and an anticyclonic one in the south. The temperature profile during the summer is well simulated when a surface wind-wave mixing scheme is included in the model. Main features of the seasonal evolution of water temperature, such as inverse temperature stratification during the winter, the spring and autumn overturn, the thermal bar, and the stratification during summer are well reproduced. The lakes exhibit significant annual and interannual variations in current speed and temperature. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Bai, Xuezhi; Yang, Yi; Luo, Lin; Liu, Songzhi] Univ Michigan, Cooperat Inst Limnol & Ecosyst Res, Ann Arbor, MI 48108 USA.
[Wang, Jia; Schwab, David J.; Leshkevich, George A.] NOAA Great Lakes Environm Res Lab, Ann Arbor, MI 48108 USA.
[Yang, Yi] Hainan Marine Dev Plan & Design Inst, Haikou, Hainan, Peoples R China.
RP Bai, XZ (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Cooperat Inst Limnol & Ecosyst Res, 4840 S State Rd, Ann Arbor, MI 48108 USA.
EM xuezhi.bai@noaa.gov
OI Wang, Jia/0000-0003-4154-9721
FU National Research Council Research association Fellowship; NOAA GLERL;
EPA/NOAA Great Lakes Restoration Initiative
FX NARR Reanalysis data was provided by the NOAA/OAR/ESRL PSD, Boulder,
Colorado, USA, from their Web site at http://www.cdc.noaa.gov/. This
study was supported by grants from National Research Council Research
association Fellowship and NOAA GLERL and EPA/NOAA Great Lakes
Restoration Initiative. We thank Dr. Dmitry Beletsky for his valuable
suggestions. We appreciate Cathy Darnell for her editorial assistance.
We thank two anonymous reviewers for comments on an earlier version of
the manuscript. This is GLERL Contribution No. 1649.
NR 71
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U1 2
U2 45
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1463-5003
J9 OCEAN MODEL
JI Ocean Model.
PD MAY
PY 2013
VL 65
BP 40
EP 63
DI 10.1016/j.ocemod.2013.02.003
PG 24
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography
GA 125VR
UT WOS:000317570200004
ER
PT J
AU Gronewold, AD
Stow, CA
Vijayavel, K
Moynihan, MA
Kashian, DR
AF Gronewold, Andrew D.
Stow, Craig A.
Vijayavel, Kannappan
Moynihan, Molly A.
Kashian, Donna R.
TI Differentiating Enterococcus concentration spatial, temporal, and
analytical variability in recreational waters
SO WATER RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Water quality assessment; Fecal contamination; Bayesian; Uncertainty;
MPN; CFU
ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI; QUALITY ASSESSMENT; BAYESIAN-ANALYSIS; FECAL-COLIFORM;
GREAT-LAKES; BACTERIA; UNCERTAINTY; DENSITY; ENUMERATION; ENTEROLERT
AB Monitoring recreational waters for fecal contamination is an important responsibility of water resource management agencies throughout the world, yet fecal indicator bacteria (FIB)-based recreational water quality assessments rarely distinguish between analytical, spatial, and temporal variability. To address this gap in water resources research and management protocol, we compare two methods for quantifying FIB concentration variability at a frequently-used beach on Lake Huron (Michigan, USA). The first method calculates differences between most probable number (MPN) and colony-forming unit (CPU) values derived from conventional analysis procedures. The second method uses the "raw data" from these analysis procedures in a Bayesian hierarchical model to explicitly acknowledge analytical variability and subsequently infer the relative significance of the effect of sampling location and time on in situ FIB concentrations. Results of the Bayesian analysis indicate that in situ FIB concentrations do not vary significantly over small spatial and temporal scales, and that observed differences in MPN and CPU values over these same spatial and temporal scales are due almost entirely to intrinsic variability introduced by laboratory analysis procedures. Our findings underscore potential opportunities for incorporating Bayesian statistical models directly into routine recreational water quality assessments and for advancing the state of the art in methods for protecting humans from waterborne disease. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Gronewold, Andrew D.; Stow, Craig A.; Kashian, Donna R.] NOAA, Great Lakes Environm Res Lab, Ann Arbor, MI 48108 USA.
[Vijayavel, Kannappan] Ottawa Cty Hlth Dept, Holland, MI 49424 USA.
[Vijayavel, Kannappan; Kashian, Donna R.] Wayne State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Detroit, MI 48201 USA.
[Moynihan, Molly A.] Cornell Univ, Dept Earth & Atmospher Sci, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
RP Gronewold, AD (reprint author), NOAA, Great Lakes Environm Res Lab, Ann Arbor, MI 48108 USA.
EM drew.gronewold@noaa.gov
OI Stow, Craig/0000-0001-6171-7855; Gronewold, Andrew/0000-0002-3576-2529
FU Great Lakes Restoration Initiative through NOAA's Center of Excellence
for Great Lakes and Human Health; NOAA's Center for Sponsored Coastal
Ocean Research; NOAA's Hollings scholarship program; Department of
Biological Sciences, Wayne State University
FX This study was partially funded by the Great Lakes Restoration
Initiative (administered by the USEPA) through NOAA's Center of
Excellence for Great Lakes and Human Health and by NOAA's Center for
Sponsored Coastal Ocean Research. Molly Moynihan was supported by NOAA's
Hollings scholarship program. Additional funding was provided by the
Department of Biological Sciences, Wayne State University. The authors
thank James Crooks, Alicia Ritzenthaler, YoonKyung Cha, and two
anonymous reviewers for helpful technical comments, and Cathy Darnell
for providing graphical and editorial support. This paper is GLERL
contribution number 1648.
NR 56
TC 4
Z9 5
U1 3
U2 40
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0043-1354
J9 WATER RES
JI Water Res.
PD MAY 1
PY 2013
VL 47
IS 7
BP 2141
EP 2152
DI 10.1016/j.watres.2012.12.030
PG 12
WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources
GA 127LG
UT WOS:000317699900004
PM 23452911
ER
PT J
AU Goodman, SJ
Blakeslee, RJ
Koshak, WJ
Mach, D
Bailey, J
Buechler, D
Carey, L
Schultz, C
Bateman, M
McCaul, E
Stano, G
AF Goodman, Steven J.
Blakeslee, Richard J.
Koshak, William J.
Mach, Douglas
Bailey, Jeffrey
Buechler, Dennis
Carey, Larry
Schultz, Chris
Bateman, Monte
McCaul, Eugene, Jr.
Stano, Geoffrey
TI The GOES-R Geostationary Lightning Mapper (GLM)
SO ATMOSPHERIC RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Lightning; Thunderstorms; Satellite meteorology; Nowcasting
ID DATA ASSIMILATION TECHNIQUE; WRF-ARW MODEL; TROPICAL CYCLONE; FORECAST
MODELS; SEVERE WEATHER; UNITED-STATES; WINTER STORM; IMAGER DATA; CLOUD;
THUNDERSTORMS
AB The Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite R-series (GOES-R) is the next block of four satellites to follow the existing GOES constellation currently operating over the Western Hemisphere. Advanced spacecraft and instrument technology will support expanded detection of environmental phenomena, resulting in more timely and accurate forecasts and warnings. Advancements over current GOES capabilities include a new capability for total lightning detection (cloud and cloud-to-ground flashes) from the Geostationary Lightning Mapper (GLM), and improved cloud and moisture imagery with the 16-channel Advanced Baseline Imager (ABI). The GLM will map total lightning activity continuously day and night with near-uniform storm-scale spatial resolution of 8 km with a product refresh rate of less than 20 s over the Americas and adjacent oceanic regions in the western hemisphere. This will aid in forecasting severe storms and tornado activity, and convective weather impacts on aviation safety and efficiency. In parallel with the instrument development an Algorithm Working Group (AWG) Lightning Detection Science and Applications Team developed the Level 2 (stroke and flash) algorithms from the Level 1 lightning event (pixel level) data. Proxy data sets used to develop the GLM operational algorithms as well as cal/val performance monitoring tools were derived from the NASA Lightning Imaging Sensor (US) and Optical Transient Detector (OTD) instruments in low Earth orbit, and from ground-based lightning networks and intensive prelaunch field campaigns. The GLM will produce the same or similar lightning flash attributes provided by the LIS and OTD, and thus extend their combined climatology over the western hemisphere into the coming decades. Science and application development along with preoperational product demonstrations and evaluations at NWS forecast offices and NOAA testbeds will prepare the forecasters to use GLM as soon as possible after the planned launch and checkout of GOES-R in late 2015. New applications will use GLM alone, in combination with the ABI, or integrated (fused) with other available tools (weather radar and ground strike networks, nowcasting systems, mesoscale analysis, and numerical weather prediction models) in the hands of the forecaster responsible for issuing more timely and accurate forecasts and warnings. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Goodman, Steven J.] NOAA, NESDIS GSFC, Greenbelt, MD USA.
[Blakeslee, Richard J.; Koshak, William J.] NASA, George C Marshall Space Flight Ctr, NSSTC, Huntsville, AL 35812 USA.
[Mach, Douglas; Bailey, Jeffrey; Buechler, Dennis; Carey, Larry; Schultz, Chris] Univ Alabama, Huntsville, AL 35899 USA.
[Bateman, Monte; McCaul, Eugene, Jr.] NASA, George C Marshall Space Flight Ctr, Univ Space Res Assoc, Huntsville, AL 35812 USA.
[Stano, Geoffrey] ENSCO Inc, Huntsville, AL USA.
RP Goodman, SJ (reprint author), NOAA, NESDIS GSFC, Greenbelt, MD USA.
EM steven.j.goodman@noaa.gov
NR 47
TC 55
Z9 56
U1 1
U2 40
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 0169-8095
EI 1873-2895
J9 ATMOS RES
JI Atmos. Res.
PD MAY
PY 2013
VL 125
BP 34
EP 49
DI 10.1016/j.atmosres.2013.01.006
PG 16
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 127PN
UT WOS:000317711000004
ER
PT J
AU Belter, CW
AF Belter, Chris W.
TI A bibliometric analysis of NOAA's Office of Ocean Exploration and
Research
SO SCIENTOMETRICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Citation analysis; Bibliometric mapping; Research funding; Research
evaluation; Science policy
ID COMPLEX NETWORKS; IMPACT; SCIENCE; CITATION; GRANTS; FOUNDATION;
SOCIETY; PRODUCTIVITY; TECHNOLOGY; COCITATION
AB Bibliometric analysis techniques are increasingly being used to analyze and evaluate scientific research produced by institutions and grant funding agencies. This article uses bibliometric methods to analyze journal articles funded by NOAA's Office of Ocean Exploration and Research (OER), an extramural grant-funding agency focused on the scientific exploration of the world's oceans. OER-supported articles in this analysis were identified through grant reports, personal communication, and acknowledgement of OER support or grant numbers. The articles identified were analyzed to determine the number of publications and citations received per year, subject, and institution. The productivity and citation impact of institutions in the US receiving OER grant funding were mapped geographically. Word co-occurrence and bibliographic coupling networks were created and visualized to identify the research topics of OER-supported articles. Finally, article citation counts were evaluated by means of percentile ranks. This article demonstrates that bibliometric analysis can be useful for summarizing and evaluating the research performance of a grant funding agency.
C1 NOAA, LAC Grp, Cent Lib, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
RP Belter, CW (reprint author), NOAA, LAC Grp, Cent Lib, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
EM chris.belter@noaa.gov
RI Belter, Christopher/L-6487-2013
OI Belter, Christopher/0000-0001-5221-6880
FU NOAA Office of Ocean Exploration and Research; Information Management
Team at NOAA's National Oceanographic Data Center
FX I thank Mary Lou Cumberpatch for beginning the process of identifying
OER publications and for setting up the initial database that I worked
from. I also thank Joycelyn Carandang for identifying additional
articles used in this analysis. Stanley Elswick, Albert "Skip" Theberge,
Ken Casey, Tim Boyer, and Mashkoor Malik provided valuable suggestions
to improve the manuscript. This work was supported by funding from the
NOAA Office of Ocean Exploration and Research to the OER Data and
Information Management Team at NOAA's National Oceanographic Data
Center. Use of products or software in this analysis does not imply
endorsement by NOAA or the US Government. Opinions and suggestions
contained in this article are solely mine and do not necessarily reflect
those of NOAA, the Department of Commerce, or the US Government.
NR 43
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U1 6
U2 71
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0138-9130
J9 SCIENTOMETRICS
JI Scientometrics
PD MAY
PY 2013
VL 95
IS 2
BP 629
EP 644
DI 10.1007/s11192-012-0836-0
PG 16
WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Information Science &
Library Science
SC Computer Science; Information Science & Library Science
GA 128CT
UT WOS:000317746900009
ER
PT J
AU Wong, KKF
Harris, JL
AF Wong, Kevin K. F.
Harris, John L.
TI Seismic fragility and cost analyses of actively controlled structures
SO STRUCTURAL DESIGN OF TALL AND SPECIAL BUILDINGS
LA English
DT Article
DE force analogy method; state space method; optimal linear control;
plastic energy; drift ratio; plastic strain
ID QUINCY BAYVIEW BRIDGE; REINFORCED-CONCRETE; STEEL FRAMES; BUILDINGS;
SYSTEMS; DESIGN; ILLINOIS; CURVES; MODEL; USA
AB Seismic fragility represents the probability that structural response exceeds a given performance limit state due to a specified intensity of ground motion, and it has a direct relationship with the cost of rehabilitating the structural system. In this research, a cost analysis framework based on seismic fragility to quantify the expected loss of the structural system was proposed. Incremental dynamic analysis was used to generate the fragility curves, and plastic strain derived from plastic energy dissipation was used to quantify the structural damage at a local level. Two moment-resisting steel frames and 100 nonstationary Gaussian earthquake ground motions were simulated, and correlations between local damage states and global performance limit states were performed to facilitate the cost analysis study. The results showed that good correlations exist in seismic fragilities, and therefore, the repair cost of the structural system becomes quantifiable. Active control based on the optimal linear control algorithm was included as an auxiliary study to identify the sensitivity of the correlations. It is observed that significant cost reduction can be achieved for structures with few stories when active control is used but may not be cost-effective if it is installed in taller structures. Published 2011. This article is a US Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.
C1 [Wong, Kevin K. F.; Harris, John L.] NIST, Engn Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Wong, KKF (reprint author), NIST, Engn Lab, 100 Bur Dr,Bldg 226,Room B-250, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM kfwong@nist.gov
NR 28
TC 2
Z9 3
U1 2
U2 25
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1541-7794
J9 STRUCT DES TALL SPEC
JI Struct. Des. Tall Spec. Build.
PD MAY
PY 2013
VL 22
IS 7
BP 569
EP 583
DI 10.1002/tal.705
PG 15
WC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering, Civil
SC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering
GA 127IF
UT WOS:000317691000003
ER
PT J
AU Jenkins, GS
Robjhon, ML
Demoz, B
Stockwell, WR
Ndiaye, SA
Drame, MS
Gueye, M
Smith, JW
Luna-Cruz, Y
Clark, J
Holt, J
Paulin, C
Brickhouse, A
Williams, A
Abdullah, A
Reyes, A
Mendes, L
Valentine, A
Camara, M
AF Jenkins, Gregory S.
Robjhon, Miliaritiana L.
Demoz, Belay
Stockwell, William R.
Ndiaye, Seydi A.
Drame, Mamadou S.
Gueye, Moussa
Smith, Jonathan W.
Luna-Cruz, Yaitza
Clark, Johnathan
Holt, Jalisa
Paulin, Casey
Brickhouse, Ashley
Williams, Aneese
Abdullah, Ajamu
Reyes, Ashford
Mendes, Luis
Valentine, Adriel
Camara, Moctar
TI Multi-site tropospheric ozone measurements across the North Tropical
Atlantic during the summer of 2010
SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Saharan air layer; Dust; African Easterly Waves; Lightning; Tropics
ID MONSOON MULTIDISCIPLINARY ANALYSIS; SAHARAN DUST PLUME; WEST-AFRICA;
EASTERLY WAVES; AEROSOL CHARACTERIZATION; SOUTHERN-HEMISPHERE; AMMA;
TRANSPORT; OCEAN; WET
AB Ozone soundings are launched during two Intensive Observing Periods (IOPs) from Dakar, Senegal; Sao Vicente, Cape Verde; and St James, Barbados to investigate ozone variability across the North Tropical Atlantic during June/July and August/September 2010. Two objectives of the campaign are to compare background tropospheric ozone mixing ratios and its variability associated with the Saharan Air Layer (SAL) and African Easterly Waves (AEWs) at sites located in the Eastern and Western Tropical Atlantic Ocean. During IOP1 (June-July), reduced ozone mixing ratios are found in the SAL with elevated ozone levels at the SAL's base and above it. During IOP I, the tropospheric column ozone (TCO) is higher at Cape Verde (27.5 DU) when compared to Barbados (19.8 DU). During IOP II (August-September) ozone-rich air is found above 500 hPa prior to the passage of AEW or developing tropical cyclones. The observed larger mixing ratios of middle/upper tropospheric ozone are most prominent at Dakar prior to the passage of an AEW, which we attribute to lightning NOx. During IOP II the tropospheric column ozone is highest at Dakar (30.5 DU) when compared to Cape Verde (20.2 DU) and Barbados (17.2 DU). (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Jenkins, Gregory S.; Demoz, Belay; Stockwell, William R.; Smith, Jonathan W.; Luna-Cruz, Yaitza; Clark, Johnathan; Holt, Jalisa; Paulin, Casey; Brickhouse, Ashley; Williams, Aneese; Abdullah, Ajamu] Howard Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Washington, DC 20059 USA.
[Robjhon, Miliaritiana L.] NOAA, Climate Predict Ctr, Camp Springs, MD USA.
[Ndiaye, Seydi A.; Drame, Mamadou S.; Gueye, Moussa] Cheikh Anta Diop Univ, Lab Atmospher Phys & Ocean, Dakar, Senegal.
[Camara, Moctar] Univ Ziguinchor, Ziguinchor, Senegal.
RP Jenkins, GS (reprint author), Howard Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, 2355 6th St, Washington, DC 20059 USA.
EM gjenkins@howard.edu
RI sebastianovitsch, stepan/G-8507-2013; Demoz, Belay/N-4130-2014;
OI Stockwell, William/0000-0002-7509-6575
FU Cape Verde Atmospheric Observatory; Howard University; Cheikh Anta Diop
University; University of Ziguinchor; Instituto Nacional de Meteorologia
e Geofisica; Caribbean Institute for Meteorology and Hydrology; National
Science Foundation [1013179]
FX We acknowledge the mission scientists and Principal Investigators from
the NASA GES DISC, who provided the GIOVANNI data used in this research
effort. We thank Didier Tanre, the Principal Investigator of the "Capo
Verde" and "Dakar" sites for the availability of the AERONET data. We
also thank the NOAA/OAR/ESRL PSD, Boulder, Coloradofor providing with
the interpolated OLR data. We also thank the sponsors of the Cape Verde
Atmospheric Observatory. This work was supported by Howard University,
Cheikh Anta Diop University, University of Ziguinchor, Instituto
Nacional de Meteorologia e Geofisica, Caribbean Institute for
Meteorology and Hydrology, and the National Science Foundation under the
Grant number AGS# 1013179.
NR 63
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U1 0
U2 19
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 1352-2310
J9 ATMOS ENVIRON
JI Atmos. Environ.
PD MAY
PY 2013
VL 70
BP 131
EP 148
DI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2012.12.019
PG 18
WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 120GK
UT WOS:000317158600014
ER
PT J
AU Schuh, AE
Lauvaux, T
West, TO
Denning, AS
Davis, KJ
Miles, N
Richardson, S
Uliasz, M
Lokupitiya, E
Cooley, D
Andrews, A
Ogle, S
AF Schuh, Andrew E.
Lauvaux, Thomas
West, Tristram O.
Denning, A. Scott
Davis, Kenneth J.
Miles, Natasha
Richardson, Scott
Uliasz, Marek
Lokupitiya, Erandathie
Cooley, Daniel
Andrews, Arlyn
Ogle, Stephen
TI Evaluating atmospheric CO2 inversions at multiple scales over a highly
inventoried agricultural landscape
SO GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE agriculture; atmospheric inversions; carbon cycle; CO2 emissions;
inventory; Mid-Continent Intensive
ID CARBON-DIOXIDE EXCHANGE; DATA ASSIMILATION; MESOSCALE INVERSIONS;
THEORETICAL ASPECTS; MODELING SYSTEM; UNITED-STATES; TRANSPORT; SURFACE;
SINKS; CYCLE
AB An intensive regional research campaign was conducted by the North American Carbon Program (NACP) in 2007 to study the carbon cycle of the highly productive agricultural regions of the Midwestern United States. Forty-five different associated projects were conducted across five US agencies over the course of nearly a decade involving hundreds of researchers. One of the primary objectives of the intensive campaign was to investigate the ability of atmospheric inversion techniques to use highly calibrated CO2 mixing ratio data to estimate CO2 flux over the major croplands of the United States by comparing the results to an inventory of CO2 fluxes. Statistics from densely monitored crop production, consisting primarily of corn and soybeans, provided the backbone of a well studied bottom-up inventory flux estimate that was used to evaluate the atmospheric inversion results. Estimates were compared to the inventory from three different inversion systems, representing spatial scales varying from high resolution mesoscale (PSU), to continental (CSU) and global (CarbonTracker), coupled to different transport models and optimization techniques. The inversion-based mean CO2-C sink estimates were generally slightly larger, 820% for PSU, 1020% for CSU, and 21% for CarbonTracker, but statistically indistinguishable, from the inventory estimate of 135 TgC. While the comparisons show that the MCI region-wide C sink is robust across inversion system and spatial scale, only the continental and mesoscale inversions were able to reproduce the spatial patterns within the region. In general, the results demonstrate that inversions can recover CO2 fluxes at sub-regional scales with a relatively high density of CO2 observations and adequate information on atmospheric transport in the region.
C1 [Schuh, Andrew E.] Colorado State Univ, Cooperat Inst Res Atmosphere, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Schuh, Andrew E.; Ogle, Stephen] Colorado State Univ, Nat Resources Ecol Lab, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Lauvaux, Thomas; Davis, Kenneth J.; Miles, Natasha; Richardson, Scott] Penn State Univ, Dept Meteorol, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[West, Tristram O.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Joint Global Change Res Inst, College Pk, MD USA.
[Denning, A. Scott; Uliasz, Marek] Colorado State Univ, Dept Atmospher Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Lokupitiya, Erandathie] Univ Colombo, Dept Zool, Colombo 03, Sri Lanka.
[Cooley, Daniel] Colorado State Univ, Dept Stat, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Andrews, Arlyn] NOAA Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO USA.
RP Schuh, AE (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Cooperat Inst Res Atmosphere, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
EM aschuh@atmos.colostate.edu
RI West, Tristram/C-5699-2013; Andrews, Arlyn/K-3427-2012;
OI West, Tristram/0000-0001-7859-0125; Lauvaux, Thomas/0000-0002-7697-742X;
Ogle, Stephen/0000-0003-1899-7446
FU Office of Science of the US Department of Energy [DE-AC05-76RL01830]
FX Andrew Schuh and Thomas Lauvaux performed the biospheric model runs,
atmospheric transport runs, and new atmospheric inversions included in
this manuscript. Tristram West and Stephen Ogle provided most of the
inventory data used for the 'bottom up' portion of the comparison with
the exception of fossil fuel inventory data for the MCI region, which
was provided by Kevin Gurney (Arizona State) and FIA data provided by
Linda Heath and James Smith (US Forest Service). Natasha Miles and Scott
Richardson instrumented, maintained and analyzed the PSU 'Ring of
towers' CO2 data for the MCI campaign (and the Missouri
Ozarks tower) while Arlyn Andrews did the same for the WBI and WLEF
towers within the MCI domain, in addition to the remainder of NOAA's
tall tower sites across the US. Marek Uliasz provided assistance with
the LPDM model used by both the PSU and CSU inversions. Dan Cooley
provided advice and discussion on inversions and state-space modeling.
Scott Denning provided the majority of the introduction including the
historical context. Ken Davis and Stephen Ogle helped initiate the
original campaign, provided many useful comments on manuscript and
provided overall guidance to the project. The authors would like to
thank a great many people who were involved with this project as well as
generous support from the National Aeronautics and Space Administration
(NASA #NNX08AK08G), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
(NOAA #NA08OAR4320893) and the Department of Energy (DOE
#DE-FG02-06ER64317). Thanks to NOAA-ESRL and Andy Jacobson in
particular, for many useful discussions on these inversions as well as
the CarbonTracker results which were used in this paper. Tower data were
graciously provided, and commented on, by Beverly Law and Matthias
Goeckede (Oregon State University), NOAA-ESRL (Arlyn Andrews), and
Environment Canada (Doug Worthy). This research used the Evergreen
computing cluster at the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory.
Evergreen is supported by the Office of Science of the US Department of
Energy under Contract No. (DE-AC05-76RL01830).
NR 76
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U1 2
U2 49
PU WILEY
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1354-1013
EI 1365-2486
J9 GLOBAL CHANGE BIOL
JI Glob. Change Biol.
PD MAY
PY 2013
VL 19
IS 5
BP 1424
EP 1439
DI 10.1111/gcb.12141
PG 16
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 121ZN
UT WOS:000317284700009
PM 23505222
ER
PT J
AU Li, M
Campbell, C
Thornton, K
Holm, E
Gumbsch, P
AF Li, Mei
Campbell, Carelyn
Thornton, Katsuyo
Holm, Elizabeth
Gumbsch, Peter
TI A Look Ahead to the Second World Congress on Integrated Computational
Materials Engineering
SO JOM
LA English
DT Article
C1 [Li, Mei] Ford Motor Co, Dearborn, MI 48121 USA.
[Campbell, Carelyn] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Thornton, Katsuyo] Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
[Holm, Elizabeth] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA.
[Gumbsch, Peter] Fraunhofer Inst Mech Mat IWM, Freiburg, Germany.
RP Li, M (reprint author), Ford Motor Co, Dearborn, MI 48121 USA.
EM mli9@ford.com; carelyn.camp-bell@nist.gov; kthorn@umich.edu;
eaholm@andrew.cmu.edu; peter.gumbsch@iwm.fraunhofer.de
OI Holm, Elizabeth/0000-0003-3064-5769; /0000-0002-1227-5293
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 8
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1047-4838
J9 JOM-US
JI JOM
PD MAY
PY 2013
VL 65
IS 5
BP 583
EP 583
DI 10.1007/s11837-013-0596-1
PG 1
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical
Engineering; Mineralogy; Mining & Mineral Processing
SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Mineralogy;
Mining & Mineral Processing
GA 119ZQ
UT WOS:000317139400001
ER
PT J
AU Soler, T
AF Soler, Tomas
TI Impact Factor Conundrum
SO JOURNAL OF SURVEYING ENGINEERING-ASCE
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 NOAA, Natl Geodet Survey, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
RP Soler, T (reprint author), NOAA, Natl Geodet Survey, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
EM tom.soler@noaa.gov
RI Soler, Tomas/F-6386-2010
NR 2
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 8
PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS
PI RESTON
PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA
SN 0733-9453
J9 J SURV ENG-ASCE
JI J. Surv. Eng.-ASCE
PD MAY
PY 2013
VL 139
IS 2
BP 69
EP 71
DI 10.1061/(ASCE)SU.1943-5428.0000102
PG 3
WC Engineering, Civil
SC Engineering
GA 123YO
UT WOS:000317429100001
ER
PT J
AU Aughenbaugh, KL
Chancey, RT
Stutzman, P
Juenger, MC
Fowler, DW
AF Aughenbaugh, Katherine L.
Chancey, Ryan T.
Stutzman, Paul
Juenger, Maria C.
Fowler, David W.
TI An examination of the reactivity of fly ash in cementitious pore
solutions
SO MATERIALS AND STRUCTURES
LA English
DT Article
DE Concrete; Fly ash reactivity; Dissolution
ID LOW-CALCIUM; PART I; SYSTEMS; BINDING
AB Fly ash is frequently used to replace cement in concrete, but it is difficult to predict performance based only on the oxide composition, which is typically the only compositional information available. In order to better utilize fly ash in concrete, it is important to develop more meaningful characterization methods and correlate these with performance. The research presented here uses a combination of analytical methods, including X-ray powder diffraction, scanning electron microscopy coupled with multispectral image analysis, and solution analysis to determine the compositions of the glassy phases in a specific fly ash and to examine the fly ash's reactivity in late- and early-age cement pore solutions, ultrapure water, and sodium hydroxide. The dissolution of individual glassy phases in the fly ash was tracked over time and the precipitation of reaction products monitored. A high-calcium aluminosilicate glass was the most reactive, a low-calcium aluminosilicate glass was of intermediate reactivity and a medium-calcium aluminosilicate glass had the lowest reactivity in the solutions tested for a specific fly ash. This result suggests the glass composition has a strong effect on reactivity, but that that there is not a strict correlation between calcium content and glass reactivity.
C1 [Aughenbaugh, Katherine L.; Juenger, Maria C.; Fowler, David W.] Univ Texas Austin, Austin, TX 78712 USA.
[Chancey, Ryan T.] Nelson Architectural Engineers Inc, Dallas, TX USA.
[Stutzman, Paul] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Aughenbaugh, KL (reprint author), Univ Texas Austin, Austin, TX 78712 USA.
EM kgustashaw@gmail.com
FU National Science Foundation (NSF); International Center for Aggregates
Research (ICAR), NSF [CMMI 0448983]; NSF [CMMI 0926627]
FX Funding for this research was provided through a National Science
Foundation (NSF) Graduate Research Fellowship to one of the authors
(RTC), a grant from the International Center for Aggregates Research
(ICAR), NSF Grant No. CMMI 0448983, and NSF Grant No. CMMI 0926627. The
authors would like to thank Dr. Kenneth Snyder for his help in selecting
pore solution compositions for this work.
NR 26
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Z9 7
U1 0
U2 24
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 1359-5997
J9 MATER STRUCT
JI Mater. Struct.
PD MAY
PY 2013
VL 46
IS 5
BP 869
EP 880
DI 10.1617/s11527-012-9939-6
PG 12
WC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering, Civil; Materials
Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering; Materials Science
GA 118HN
UT WOS:000317016400012
ER
PT J
AU Hayes, MC
Hays, R
Rubin, SP
Chase, DM
Hallock, M
Cook-Tabor, C
Luzier, CW
Moser, ML
AF Hayes, Michael C.
Hays, Richard
Rubin, Stephen P.
Chase, Dorothy M.
Hallock, Molly
Cook-Tabor, Carrie
Luzier, Christina W.
Moser, Mary L.
TI Distribution of Pacific Lamprey Entosphenus tridentatus in Watersheds of
Puget Sound Based on Smolt Monitoring Data
SO NORTHWEST SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE ammocoete; trap; Lampetra; identification; dwarf-adult
ID LAMPETRA-TRIDENTATA; BRITISH-COLUMBIA; LAKE LAMPREY; RIVER;
PETROMYZONTIDAE; HABITAT; LARVAL; OREGON; CANADA; WASHINGTON
AB Lamprey populations are in decline worldwide and the status of Pacific lamprey (Entosphenus tridentatus) is a topic of current interest. They and other lamprey species cycle nutrients and serve as prey in riverine ecosystems. To determine the current distribution of Pacific lamprey in major watersheds flowing into Puget Sound, Washington, we sampled lamprey captured during salmonid smolt monitoring that occurred from late winter to mid-summer. We found Pacific lamprey in 12 of 18 watersheds and they were most common in southern Puget Sound watersheds and in watersheds draining western Puget Sound (Hood Canal). Two additional species, western brook lamprey (Lampetra richardsoni) and river lamprey (L. ayresii) were more common in eastern Puget Sound watersheds. Few Pacific lamprey macrophthalmia were found, suggesting that the majority of juveniles migrated seaward during other time periods. In addition, "dwarf" adult Pacific lamprey (< 300 mm) were observed in several watersheds and may represent an alternate life history for some Puget Sound populations. Based on genetic data, the use of visual techniques to identify lamprey ammocoetes as Entosphenus or Lampetra was successful for 97% (34 of 35) of the samples we evaluated.
C1 [Hayes, Michael C.; Hays, Richard; Rubin, Stephen P.; Chase, Dorothy M.] US Geol Survey, Western Fisheries Res Ctr, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
[Hallock, Molly] Washington Dept Fish & Wildlife, Olympia, WA 98501 USA.
[Cook-Tabor, Carrie] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Washington Fish & Wildlife Off, Lacey, WA 98503 USA.
[Luzier, Christina W.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Columbia River Fisheries Program Off, Vancouver, WA 98683 USA.
[Moser, Mary L.] NOAA, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
RP Hayes, MC (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Western Fisheries Res Ctr, 6505 NE 65th St, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
EM mhayes@usgs.gov
OI HAYES, MICHAEL/0000-0002-9060-0565
FU U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
FX Field collections were made possible through the cooperation of numerous
groups, including the Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife, Lummi
Nation, Stillaguamish Tribe of Indians, Tulalip Tribes, Nisqually
Tribes, Skokomish Tribal Nation, the Hood Canal Salmon Enhancement
Group, and Long- Live the Kings. Thanks to Stewart Reid who assisted in
species identification and Nancy Elder who reviewed an early draft
manuscript. The final version of the manuscript was substantially
improved by reviewers for Northwest Science. Funding for this project
was provided through the Science Support Program administered by the
U.S. Geological Survey in partnership with the U.S. Fish and Wildlife
Service. Field and laboratory work conducted by R. Hays was completed
through a cooperative agreement with the Student Conservation
Association (Charlestown, NH). Reference to trade names does not imply
endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 40
TC 7
Z9 8
U1 1
U2 23
PU NORTHWEST SCIENTIFIC ASSOC
PI SEATTLE
PA JEFFREY DUDA, USGS, WESTERN FISHERIES RES CTR, 6505 NE 65 ST, SEATTLE,
WA 98115 USA
SN 0029-344X
J9 NORTHWEST SCI
JI Northwest Sci.
PD MAY
PY 2013
VL 87
IS 2
BP 95
EP 105
DI 10.3955/046.087.0202
PG 11
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 119RD
UT WOS:000317114200002
ER
PT J
AU Lee, Y
Filliben, JJ
Micheals, RJ
Phillips, PJ
AF Lee, Yooyoung
Filliben, James J.
Micheals, Ross J.
Phillips, P. Jonathon
TI Sensitivity analysis for biometric systems: A methodology based on
orthogonal experiment designs
SO COMPUTER VISION AND IMAGE UNDERSTANDING
LA English
DT Article
DE Sensitivity analysis; Iris recognition; Biometrics; Experiment design;
VASIR; Video-based biometric system; Orthogonal; Fractional factorial;
Characterization; Uncertainty
ID IRIS RECOGNITION
AB The purpose of this paper is to introduce an effective and structured methodology for carrying out a biometric system sensitivity analysis. The goal of sensitivity analysis is to provide the researcher/developer with insight and understanding of the key factors algorithmic, subject-based, procedural, image quality, environmental, among others that affect the matching performance of the biometric system under study. This proposed methodology consists of two steps: (1) the design and execution of orthogonal fractional factorial experiment designs which allow the scientist to efficiently investigate the effect of a large number of factors and interactions simultaneously, and (2) the use of a select set of statistical data analysis graphical procedures which are fine-tuned to unambiguously highlight important factors, important interactions, and locally-optimal settings. We illustrate this methodology by application to a study of VASIR (Video-based Automated System for Iris Recognition)-NIST iris-based biometric system. In particular, we investigated k = 8 algorithmic factors from the VASIR system by constructing a (2(6-1) x 3(1) x 4(1)) orthogonal fractional factorial design, generating the corresponding performance data, and applying an appropriate set of analysis graphics to determine the relative importance of the eight factors, the relative importance of the 28 two-term interactions, and the local best settings of the eight algorithms. The results showed that VASIR's performance was primarily driven by six factors out of the eight, along with four two-term interactions. A virtue of our two-step methodology is that it is systematic and general, and hence may be applied with equal rigor and effectiveness to other biometric systems, such as fingerprints, face, voice, and DNA. (C) 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 [Lee, Yooyoung; Filliben, James J.; Micheals, Ross J.; Phillips, P. Jonathon] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Informat Technol Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Lee, Y (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Informat Technol Lab, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM yooyoung@nist.gov; filliben@nist.gov; rossm@nist.gov; jonathon@nist.gov
NR 42
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 1
U2 28
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 1077-3142
J9 COMPUT VIS IMAGE UND
JI Comput. Vis. Image Underst.
PD MAY
PY 2013
VL 117
IS 5
BP 532
EP 550
DI 10.1016/j.cviu.2013.01.003
PG 19
WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Engineering, Electrical &
Electronic
SC Computer Science; Engineering
GA 115UD
UT WOS:000316836500008
ER
PT J
AU Able, KW
Wuenschel, MJ
Grothues, TM
Vasslides, JM
Rowe, PM
AF Able, Kenneth W.
Wuenschel, Mark J.
Grothues, Thomas M.
Vasslides, James M.
Rowe, Peter M.
TI Do surf zones in New Jersey provide "nursery" habitat for southern
fishes?
SO ENVIRONMENTAL BIOLOGY OF FISHES
LA English
DT Article
DE Surf zone; Young-of-the-year; Nursery habitat; New Jersey
ID BLUEFISH POMATOMUS-SALTATRIX; EFFECTIVE JUVENILE HABITATS; THE-YEAR
BLUEFISH; SUMMER-SPAWNED BLUEFISH; NORTHERN NEW-JERSEY; NEW-YORK BIGHT;
MARINE NURSERIES; UNITED-STATES; CONTINENTAL-SHELF; SANDY BEACH
AB The fishes of the energetic surf zone of exposed ocean beaches are poorly known, especially along the U.S. east coast. We investigated the role that surf zones in southern New Jersey have as habitat by describing the young-of-the-year fishes caught by seines within the surf zone from May through October in 1998, 1999, 2005 and 2006. In addition, we investigated the nursery role of these surf zones by examining abundance, growth, and inferred survival during the summer for the dominant locally (New Jersey) and southern (south of Cape Hatteras) spawned species. At least three southern species, i.e. bluefish Pomatomus saltatrix (Cohort I), white mullet Mugil curema, and Florida pompano Trachinotus carolinus successfully use New Jersey surf zones as nurseries during the summer. It is clear that bluefish (Cohort I) contributes to the adult population and it is likely for the other southern species. Ultimately, the nursery contribution of surf zones and other habitats at the northern limits of the range of southern species depends on whether surviving juveniles can successfully emigrate to overwinter habitats and complete their life history.
C1 [Able, Kenneth W.; Wuenschel, Mark J.; Grothues, Thomas M.; Vasslides, James M.; Rowe, Peter M.] Rutgers State Univ, Inst Marine & Coastal Sci, Marine Field Stn, Tuckerton, NJ 08087 USA.
[Wuenschel, Mark J.] NOAA, NMFS, NEFSC, Woods Hole Lab, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
[Vasslides, James M.] Barnegat Bay Partnership, Toms River, NJ 08754 USA.
[Rowe, Peter M.] New Jersey Sea Grant Consortium, Ft Hancock, NJ 07732 USA.
RP Able, KW (reprint author), Rutgers State Univ, Inst Marine & Coastal Sci, Marine Field Stn, 800 C-O 132 Great Bay Blvd, Tuckerton, NJ 08087 USA.
EM able@marine.rutgers.edu
FU Rutgers University; National Marine Fisheries Service
FX We thank the technicians of "The Blue Crew" - G. Bell, D. Bottinelli, B.
Rokeach, R. Nichols, C. Jeitner, K. Della Torre, R. Rinaldi, M. Greaney,
J. Conwell, J. Eppenstiener, J. Bunkiewicz, and J. Lamonaca for their
work in the surf. Jackie Toth and Carol Van Pelt provided statistical
analysis and editorial assistance, respectively. This study was funded
through a Bluefish/Striped Bass Research Program (Rutgers University and
National Marine Fisheries Service collaborative program). We are
grateful to all of the above. This paper is Rutgers University Institute
of Marine and Coastal Sciences Contribution No. 2012-5.
NR 69
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 2
U2 30
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0378-1909
J9 ENVIRON BIOL FISH
JI Environ. Biol. Fishes
PD MAY
PY 2013
VL 96
IS 5
BP 661
EP 675
DI 10.1007/s10641-012-0056-8
PG 15
WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 114QQ
UT WOS:000316757500008
ER
PT J
AU Marszalek, JE
Simon, CG
Thodeti, C
Adapala, RK
Murthy, A
Karim, A
AF Marszalek, Jolanta E.
Simon, Carl G., Jr.
Thodeti, Charles
Adapala, Ravi Kumar
Murthy, Ananth
Karim, Alamgir
TI 2.5D constructs for characterizing phase separated polymer blend surface
morphology in tissue engineering scaffolds
SO JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL MATERIALS RESEARCH PART A
LA English
DT Article
DE polymer blends; poly(e-caprolactone); poly(D; L-lactide); topography; 2;
5D scaffolds
ID CELL-SHAPE; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; 3D; PROLIFERATION; DIFFERENTIATION;
TOPOGRAPHY; POROSITY
AB Previously, we used 2D films to identify an annealed PCL-PDLLA phase-separated blend morphology which provided nanoscale surface texture and patterning that stimulated osteoblast differentiation. In order to translate these 2D surface nanopatterning effects to the walls of 3D salt-leached scaffolds, the blend phase morphology of scaffold walls must be characterized. For salt-leached scaffolds, NaCl is used as a porogen, which may affect phase separation in PCL-PDLLA blends. However, it is not possible to characterize the surface blend morphology of 3D scaffold walls using standard approaches such as AFM or optical microscopy, since scaffolds are too rough for AFM and do not transmit light for optical microscopy. We introduce a 2.5D approach that mimics the processing conditions of 3D salt-leached scaffolds, but has a geometry amenable to surface characterization by AFM and optical microscopy. For the 2.5D approach, PCL-PDLLA blend films were covered with NaCl crystals prior to annealing. The presence of NaCl significantly influenced blend morphology in PCL-PDLLA 2.5D constructs causing increased surface roughness, higher percent PCL area on the surface and a smaller PCL domain size. During cell culture on 2.5D constructs, osteoblast (MC3T3-E1) and dermal endothelial cell (MDEC) adhesion were enhanced on PCL-PDLLA blends that were annealed with NaCl while chondrogenic cell (ATDC5) adhesion was diminished. This work introduces a 2.5D approach that mimicked 3D salt-leached scaffold processing, but enabled characterization of scaffold surface properties by AFM and light microscopy, to demonstrate that the presence of NaCl during annealing strongly influenced polymer blend surface morphology and cell adhesion. Published 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.dagger J Biomed Mater Res Part A, 2013.
C1 [Marszalek, Jolanta E.; Karim, Alamgir] Univ Akron, Dept Polymer Engn, Akron Funct Mat Ctr, Akron, OH 44325 USA.
[Simon, Carl G., Jr.] NIST, Div Polymers, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Thodeti, Charles; Adapala, Ravi Kumar] Northeast Ohio Med Univ, Coll Med, Dept Integrat Med Sci, Rootstown, OH 44272 USA.
[Murthy, Ananth] Akron Childrens Hosp, Dept Plast & Reconstruct Surg, Akron, OH 44308 USA.
RP Karim, A (reprint author), Univ Akron, Dept Polymer Engn, Akron Funct Mat Ctr, Akron, OH 44325 USA.
EM carl.simon@nist.gov; alamgir@uakron.edu
FU University of Akron Research Foundation (UARF), the Akron Functional
Research Materials Center (AFMC); Austen BioInnovation Institute in
Akron (ABIA), Akron Children's Hospital, Northeast Ohio Medical
University (NEOMED)
FX Contract grant sponsors: The University of Akron Research Foundation
(UARF), the Akron Functional Research Materials Center (AFMC); Austen
BioInnovation Institute in Akron (ABIA), Akron Children's Hospital,
Northeast Ohio Medical University (NEOMED)
NR 28
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 19
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1549-3296
EI 1552-4965
J9 J BIOMED MATER RES A
JI J. Biomed. Mater. Res. Part A
PD MAY
PY 2013
VL 101
IS 5
BP 1502
EP 1510
DI 10.1002/jbm.a.34439
PG 9
WC Engineering, Biomedical; Materials Science, Biomaterials
SC Engineering; Materials Science
GA 115MG
UT WOS:000316815700030
PM 23184520
ER
PT J
AU Mulholland, GW
Zhou, L
Zachariah, MR
Heinson, WR
Chakrabarti, A
Sorensen, C
AF Mulholland, George W.
Zhou, Lei
Zachariah, Michael R.
Heinson, William R.
Chakrabarti, Amit
Sorensen, Christopher
TI Light Scattering Shape Diagnostics for Nano-Agglomerates
SO AEROSOL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID SMOKE
AB Motivated by light scattering experiments showing enhanced intensity of electric field aligned nano-agglomerates versus randomly oriented nano-agglomerates, we address the theoretical basis for this effect by applying the theory of small angle Rayleigh-Gans-Debye light scattering to oriented nano-clusters generated by classical diffusion-limited clustercluster aggregation (DLCA). We show that the shape anisotropy of these clusters is related to the ratio of small angle light scattering for partially aligned and randomly oriented clusters. It is also shown that state-of-the-art small-angle aerosol scattering measurements would have the angular resolution required to measure the shape anisotropy of clusters with 30 to 1000 nano-monomers. For large q, it is shown from the simulations that S(q) for the partially aligned nano-clusters is not proportional to , where Df is the fractal dimension, as it is for randomly oriented clusters. Nano-clusters with a fixed orientation are shown to result in a structure factor with multiple peaks, which might be used to obtain more detailed information about particle structure than shape anisotropy. The measurements reported in the literature showing enhanced scattering for partially aligned soot agglomerates were for angle integrated measurements. Calculation of the integrated light scattering cross-section for the same range of angles and polarization direction as the experiments indicate a significant enhancement of 70% and 120% for two representative aspect ratios. The smaller value overlaps with measured values of the scattering enhancement for oriented soot agglomerates in an electric field. Copyright 2013 American Association for Aerosol Research
C1 [Mulholland, George W.; Zachariah, Michael R.] Univ Maryland, Dept Mech Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Mulholland, George W.; Zhou, Lei; Zachariah, Michael R.] NIST, Mat Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Heinson, William R.; Chakrabarti, Amit; Sorensen, Christopher] Kansas State Univ, Dept Phys, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA.
RP Mulholland, GW (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Mech Engn, 2181 Glenn L Martin Hall, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
EM georgewm@umd.edu
RI Sorensen, Christopher/G-4900-2013
OI Sorensen, Christopher/0000-0002-1980-3394
NR 23
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 30
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0278-6826
J9 AEROSOL SCI TECH
JI Aerosol Sci. Technol.
PD MAY 1
PY 2013
VL 47
IS 5
BP 520
EP 529
DI 10.1080/02786826.2013.767435
PG 10
WC Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical; Environmental Sciences;
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric
Sciences
GA 105MJ
UT WOS:000316074500007
ER
PT J
AU Kim, JH
Heckert, NA
Leigh, SD
Kobayashi, H
McDonough, WG
Rice, KD
Holmes, GA
AF Kim, Jae Hyun
Heckert, N. Alan
Leigh, Stefan D.
Kobayashi, Haruki
McDonough, Walter G.
Rice, Kirk D.
Holmes, Gale A.
TI Effects of fiber gripping methods on the single fiber tensile test: I.
Non-parametric statistical analysis
SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; WEIBULL MODULUS; STRENGTH; PERFORMANCE
AB Single fiber tensile tests using two different gripping methods were carried out on various fiber lengths. One method (the glue-tab grip method) consists of mounting a fiber onto a rigid tab as specified in ASTM C1557-03 using an adhesive, while the other (the direct grip method) involves directly clamping a fiber using poly(methyl methacrylate) blocks. The tensile moduli obtained by the glue-tab grip as a function of the fiber gauge length are clearly different from those of the direct grip for fiber length between 2 and 10 mm, based on graphical statistical analyses using kernel density and q-q plots. This difference is caused by the gripping effect. In addition, the tensile strains and strengths obtained by the glue-tab grip were different from those of the direct grip at the short fiber gauge lengths (i.e., 2-10 mm). The differences between the tensile properties (i.e., modulus, strain, and strength) for the two grips measured with the 60-mm fiber length were not statistically significant compared to the results with the short fiber lengths.
C1 [Kim, Jae Hyun; Kobayashi, Haruki; McDonough, Walter G.; Holmes, Gale A.] NIST, Polymers Div MS 8541, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Heckert, N. Alan; Leigh, Stefan D.] NIST, Stat Engn Div MS 8980, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Rice, Kirk D.] NIST, Off Law Enforcement Stand MS 8102, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP McDonough, WG (reprint author), NIST, Polymers Div MS 8541, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM walter.mcdonough@nist.gov
NR 20
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 4
U2 33
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0022-2461
J9 J MATER SCI
JI J. Mater. Sci.
PD MAY
PY 2013
VL 48
IS 10
BP 3623
EP 3637
DI 10.1007/s10853-013-7142-y
PG 15
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Materials Science
GA 098BK
UT WOS:000315518400002
ER
PT J
AU Liu, YL
Yu, YY
Sun, DL
Tarpley, D
Fang, L
AF Liu, Yuling
Yu, Yunyue
Sun, Donglian
Tarpley, Dan
Fang, Li
TI Effect of Different MODIS Emissivity Products on Land-Surface
Temperature Retrieval From GOES Series
SO IEEE GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE Dual-window algorithm; emissivity; Geostationary Operational
Environmental Satellite (GOES); land-surface temperature (LST); Moderate
Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS)
ID SPECTRAL EMISSIVITY; SATELLITE; WINDOW; ASTER
AB The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Environmental Satellite, Data, and Information Service is developing an operational land-surface temperature (LST) product from the U. S. Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite (GOES) series 13, 14, and 15, which makes use of the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) monthly emissivity. However, there is a latency problem since the MODIS monthly emissivity data are available at least a month late. In this study, we investigated using alternative emissivity data sets, including the ten-year monthly average emissivity, the last month emissivity, and the same month emissivity in the last year. We also tested current monthly emissivity and current weekly emissivity for comparison and evaluation. The study area is in the continental United States (25 degrees N-50 degrees N and 125 degrees W-65 degrees W), and the temporal frame is April, July, October, and December, which represents the four seasons in a year. Based on the modified dual-window algorithm, LST is derived and validated against the SURFace RADiation (SURFRAD) budget network ground observations. The results show that the ten-year monthly average emissivity performs best by retrieving stable and accurate LST.
C1 [Liu, Yuling] Univ Maryland, Earth Syst Sci Interdisciplinary Ctr, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
[Yu, Yunyue] Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Natl Environm Satellite Data & Informat Serv Ctr, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
[Sun, Donglian; Fang, Li] George Mason Univ, Dept Geog & Geoinformat Sci, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA.
[Tarpley, Dan] Short & Associates, Camp Springs, MD 20746 USA.
RP Liu, YL (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Earth Syst Sci Interdisciplinary Ctr, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
EM Yuling.liu@noaa.gov
RI Yu, Yunyue/F-5636-2010
FU National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (Cooperative Institute
for Climate and Satellites) at the University of Maryland/Earth System
Science Interdisciplinary Center [NA09NES4400006]
FX This work was supported by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration under Grant NA09NES4400006 (Cooperative Institute for
Climate and Satellites) at the University of Maryland/Earth System
Science Interdisciplinary Center. The contents of this letter are solely
the opinions of the authors and do not constitute a statement of policy,
decision, or position on behalf of NOAA or the U.S. Government.
NR 18
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 35
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 1545-598X
J9 IEEE GEOSCI REMOTE S
JI IEEE Geosci. Remote Sens. Lett.
PD MAY
PY 2013
VL 10
IS 3
BP 510
EP 514
DI 10.1109/LGRS.2012.2211992
PG 5
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Remote
Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science
& Photographic Technology
GA 046YX
UT WOS:000311802900020
ER
PT J
AU Gladkova, I
Grossberg, M
Bonev, G
Romanov, P
Riggs, G
Hall, D
AF Gladkova, Irina
Grossberg, Michael
Bonev, George
Romanov, Peter
Riggs, George
Hall, Dorothy
TI A Full Snow Season in Yellowstone: A Database of Restored Aqua Band 6
SO IEEE GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE Aqua band 6; Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS);
normalized difference snow index; restoration
ID COVER PRODUCTS
AB The algorithms for estimating snow extent for the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) optimally use the 1.6-mu m channel which is unavailable for MODIS on Aqua due to detector damage. As a test bed to demonstrate that Aqua band 6 can be restored, we chose the area surrounding Yellowstone and Grand Teton national parks. In such rugged and difficult-to-access terrain, satellite images are particularly important for providing an estimation of snow-cover extent. For the full 2010-2011 snow season covering the Yellowstone region, we have used quantitative image restoration to create a database of restored Aqua band 6. The database includes restored radiances, normalized vegetation index, normalized snow index, thermal data, and band-6-based snow-map products. The restored Aqua-band-6 data have also been regridded and combined with Terra data to produce a snow-cover map that utilizes both Terra and Aqua snow maps. Using this database, we show that the restored Aqua-band-6-based snow-cover extent has a comparable performance with respect to ground stations to the one based on Terra. The result of a restored band 6 from Aqua is that we have an additional band-6 image of the Yellowstone region each day. This image can be used to mitigate cloud occlusion, using the same algorithms used for band 6 on Terra. We show an application of this database of restored band-6 images to illustrate the value of creating a cloud gap filling using the National Aeronautics and Space Administration's operational cloud masks and data from both Aqua and Terra.
C1 [Gladkova, Irina; Grossberg, Michael; Romanov, Peter] NOAA, Cooperat Remote Sensing Sci & Technol Ctr, New York, NY 10031 USA.
[Bonev, George] CUNY, Grad Ctr, New York, NY 10016 USA.
[Riggs, George; Hall, Dorothy] NASA, Cryospher Sci Lab, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
RP Gladkova, I (reprint author), NOAA, Cooperat Remote Sensing Sci & Technol Ctr, New York, NY 10031 USA.
EM gladkova@cs.ccny.cuny.edu; grossberg@cs.ccny.cuny.edu;
gbonev@gc.cuny.edu; Peter.Romanov@noaa.gov; george.a.riggs@nasa.gov;
Dorothy.K.Hall@nasa.gov
RI Romanov, Peter/F-5622-2010
OI Romanov, Peter/0000-0002-2153-8307
FU Center for Satellite Applications and Research, National Oceanic and
Atmospheric Administration/National Environmental Satellite, Data, and
Information Service [DG133E07CQ0077]; National Aeronautics and Space
Administration's Earth Observing System Project
FX This work was supported in part by Center for Satellite Applications and
Research, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration/National
Environmental Satellite, Data, and Information Service, under Grant
DG133E07CQ0077. The works of D. Hall and G. Riggs were supported by the
National Aeronautics and Space Administration's Earth Observing System
Project. The views, opinions, and findings in this paper are those of
the authors and should not be construed as an official NOAA and/or U.S.
Government position, policy, or decision.
NR 13
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 27
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 1545-598X
J9 IEEE GEOSCI REMOTE S
JI IEEE Geosci. Remote Sens. Lett.
PD MAY
PY 2013
VL 10
IS 3
BP 553
EP 557
DI 10.1109/LGRS.2012.2213063
PG 5
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Remote
Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science
& Photographic Technology
GA 046YX
UT WOS:000311802900029
ER
PT J
AU Sun, DL
Yu, YY
Yang, HQ
Liu, QH
Shi, JC
AF Sun, Donglian
Yu, Yunyue
Yang, Hequn
Liu, Qinhuo
Shi, Jiancheng
TI Comparison Between GOES-East and - West for Land Surface Temperature
Retrieval From a Dual-Window Algorithm
SO IEEE GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE Differences in land surface temperature (LST); between Geostationary
Operational Environmental Satellite; (GOES)-East (GOES-E) and GOES-West
(GOES-W); GOES; GOES-E; GOES-W; LST
ID HIGH-RESOLUTION RADIOMETER; MODIS; EMISSIVITY; VALIDATION; SATELLITES;
PRODUCTS; CLIMATE; MODELS; SPACE
AB In this letter, land surface temperature (LST) is derived from Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite (GOES)-East (GOES-E) and GOES-West (GOES-W) using a revised dual-window LST algorithm developed by Sun and Pinker in 2004. LST derived from GOES is also evaluated against ground observations. The results show that the LSTs from GOES-E are warmer than those from GOES-W in the morning but lower in the afternoon, while there is no big difference around noon and during night. It is found that the original brightness temperatures from GOES-E and GOES-W show similar patterns to LSTs over time. The discrepancy in LSTs is most probably due to the fact that the Earth surface is warmer in GOES-E than in GOES-W in the morning but cooler in the afternoon. Some other factors may include the difference in satellite viewing geometry, image navigation and registration, calibration, and spectral response functions. It is expected that these effects should be small as those demonstrated in nighttime difference. When evaluated against the ground observations, over the overlap region, the LST bias error is positive from GOES-E but negative from GOES-W in the morning, leading to a positive LST difference, while the bias from GOES-W is close to zero but negative from GOES-E in the afternoon, resulting in a negative LST difference. Nevertheless, the LST root-mean-square errors from GOES-E and GOES-W are very close and reach the maximum around noontime. To synergistically use LST from different satellite sensors, we suggest using nighttime data; further study is needed to best use daytime LSTs.
C1 [Sun, Donglian] George Mason Univ, Dept Geog & Geoinformat Sci, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA.
[Yu, Yunyue] Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Natl Environm Satellite Data & Informat Serv, Ctr Satellite Applicat & Res, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
[Yang, Hequn] Shanghai Meteorol Bur, Minghan Div, Shanghai 201100, Peoples R China.
[Liu, Qinhuo; Shi, Jiancheng] Chinese Acad Sci, State Key Lab Remote Sensing Sci, Inst Remote Sensing Applicat, Beijing 100101, Peoples R China.
RP Sun, DL (reprint author), George Mason Univ, Dept Geog & Geoinformat Sci, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA.
EM dsun@gmu.edu; yunyue.yu@gmail.com; qhliu@irsa.gov.cn; jshi@irsa.ac.cn
RI Liu, Quanhua/B-6608-2008; Yu, Yunyue/F-5636-2010
OI Liu, Quanhua/0000-0002-3616-351X;
FU National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Product System
Development and Implementation project; Chinese Academy of
Sciences/State Administration of Foreign Experts Affairs (CAS/SAFEA)
International Partnership Program [KZZD-EW-TZ-09]
FX This work was supported in part by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration Product System Development and Implementation project and
in part by the Chinese Academy of Sciences/State Administration of
Foreign Experts Affairs (CAS/SAFEA) International Partnership Program
under Grant KZZD-EW-TZ-09.
NR 39
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 32
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 1545-598X
EI 1558-0571
J9 IEEE GEOSCI REMOTE S
JI IEEE Geosci. Remote Sens. Lett.
PD MAY
PY 2013
VL 10
IS 3
BP 578
EP 582
DI 10.1109/LGRS.2012.2214473
PG 5
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Remote
Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science
& Photographic Technology
GA 046YX
UT WOS:000311802900034
ER
PT J
AU Jepson, PD
Deaville, R
Acevedo-Whitehouse, K
Barnett, J
Brownlow, A
Brownell, RL
Clare, FC
Davison, N
Law, RJ
Loveridge, J
Macgregor, SK
Morris, S
Murphy, S
Penrose, R
Perkins, MW
Pinn, E
Seibel, H
Siebert, U
Sierra, E
Simpson, V
Tasker, ML
Tregenza, N
Cunningham, AA
Fernandez, A
AF Jepson, Paul D.
Deaville, Robert
Acevedo-Whitehouse, Karina
Barnett, James
Brownlow, Andrew
Brownell, Robert L., Jr.
Clare, Frances C.
Davison, Nick
Law, Robin J.
Loveridge, Jan
Macgregor, Shaheed K.
Morris, Steven
Murphy, Sinead
Penrose, Rod
Perkins, Matthew W.
Pinn, Eunice
Seibel, Henrike
Siebert, Ursula
Sierra, Eva
Simpson, Victor
Tasker, Mark L.
Tregenza, Nick
Cunningham, Andrew A.
Fernandez, Antonio
TI What Caused the UK's Largest Common Dolphin (Delphinus delphis) Mass
Stranding Event?
SO PLOS ONE
LA English
DT Article
ID BOTTLE-NOSED DOLPHINS; SOUTH-WEST ENGLAND; PORPOISES PHOCOENA-PHOCOENA;
GAS-BUBBLE LESIONS; TURSIOPS-TRUNCATUS; HARBOR PORPOISES;
POLYCHLORINATED-BIPHENYLS; STRIPED DOLPHIN; UNITED-KINGDOM; MARINE
MAMMALS
AB On 9 June 2008, the UK's largest mass stranding event (MSE) of short-beaked common dolphins (Delphinus delphis) occurred in Falmouth Bay, Cornwall. At least 26 dolphins died, and a similar number was refloated/herded back to sea. On necropsy, all dolphins were in good nutritive status with empty stomachs and no evidence of known infectious disease or acute physical injury. Auditory tissues were grossly normal (26/26) but had microscopic haemorrhages (5/5) and mild otitis media (1/5) in the freshest cases. Five lactating adult dolphins, one immature male, and one immature female tested were free of harmful algal toxins and had low chemical pollutant levels. Pathological evidence of mud/seawater inhalation (11/26), local tide cycle, and the relative lack of renal myoglobinuria (26/26) suggested MSE onset on a rising tide between 06: 30 and 08: 21 hrs (9 June). Potential causes excluded or considered highly unlikely included infectious disease, gas/fat embolism, boat strike, by-catch, predator attack, foraging unusually close to shore, chemical or algal toxin exposure, abnormal weather/climatic conditions, and high-intensity acoustic inputs from seismic airgun arrays or natural sources (e. g., earthquakes). International naval exercises did occur in close proximity to the MSE with the most intense part of the exercises (including mid-frequency sonars) occurring four days before the MSE and resuming with helicopter exercises on the morning of the MSE. The MSE may therefore have been a "two-stage process'' where a group of normally pelagic dolphins entered Falmouth Bay and, after 3-4 days in/around the Bay, a second acoustic/disturbance event occurred causing them to strand en masse. This spatial and temporal association with the MSE, previous associations between naval activities and cetacean MSEs, and an absence of other identifiable factors known to cause cetacean MSEs, indicates naval activity to be the most probable cause of the Falmouth Bay MSE.
C1 [Jepson, Paul D.; Deaville, Robert; Clare, Frances C.; Macgregor, Shaheed K.; Murphy, Sinead; Perkins, Matthew W.; Cunningham, Andrew A.] Zool Soc London, Inst Zool, London NW1 4RY, England.
[Acevedo-Whitehouse, Karina] Autonomous Univ Queretaro, Sch Nat Sci, Unit Basic & Appl Microbiol, Queretaro, Mexico.
[Barnett, James; Davison, Nick] Anim Hlth & Vet Labs Agcy Truro, Truro, Cornwall, England.
[Brownlow, Andrew; Davison, Nick] Scottish Agr Coll, Inverness, Scotland.
[Brownell, Robert L., Jr.] NOAA Fisheries, SW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Pacific Grove, CA USA.
[Law, Robin J.] Ctr Environm Fisheries & Aquaculture Sci, Lowestoft, Suffolk, England.
[Loveridge, Jan; Tregenza, Nick] Five Acres, Cornwall Wildlife Trust Marine Strandings Network, Truro, England.
[Morris, Steven] Ctr Environm Fisheries & Aquaculture Sci, Weymouth, Dorset, England.
[Penrose, Rod] Marine Environm Monitoring, Cardigan, Ceredigion, Wales.
[Pinn, Eunice; Tasker, Mark L.] Joint Nat Conservat Comm, Aberdeen, Scotland.
[Seibel, Henrike; Siebert, Ursula] Univ Vet Med Hannover, Inst Terr & Aquat Wildlife Res, Busum, Germany.
[Sierra, Eva; Fernandez, Antonio] Univ Las Palmas Gran Canaria, Vet Sch Montana Cardones Arucas, Inst Anim Hlth, Histol & Pathol Unit, Gran Canaria, Spain.
[Simpson, Victor] Wildlife Vet Invest Ctr, Truro, Cornwall, England.
RP Jepson, PD (reprint author), Zool Soc London, Inst Zool, Regents Pk, London NW1 4RY, England.
EM paul.jepson@ioz.ac.uk
RI APHA, Staff publications/E-6082-2010; Fernandez, Antonio/G-3448-2015;
Cunningham, Andrew/E-7536-2010; Sierra, Eva/H-9352-2015
OI Fernandez, Antonio/0000-0001-5281-0521; Sierra, Eva/0000-0003-3749-8845
FU UK Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs [CR0364]
FX This investigation was funded by the UK Department for Environment, Food
and Rural Affairs under under a variation to contract number CR0364. The
funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis,
decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.
NR 77
TC 7
Z9 8
U1 13
U2 105
PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA
SN 1932-6203
J9 PLOS ONE
JI PLoS One
PD APR 30
PY 2013
VL 8
IS 4
AR e60953
DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0060953
PG 18
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 146GG
UT WOS:000319077300004
PM 23646103
ER
PT J
AU Trassin, M
Clarkson, JD
Bowden, SR
Liu, J
Heron, JT
Paull, RJ
Arenholz, E
Pierce, DT
Unguris, J
AF Trassin, M.
Clarkson, J. D.
Bowden, S. R.
Liu, Jian
Heron, J. T.
Paull, R. J.
Arenholz, E.
Pierce, D. T.
Unguris, J.
TI Interfacial coupling in multiferroic/ferromagnet heterostructures
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID BIFEO3 THIN-FILMS; SCANNING-ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY; NANOSCALE CONTROL;
ROOM-TEMPERATURE; DOMAIN CONTROL; EXCHANGE BIAS; MULTIFERROICS
AB We report local probe investigations of the magnetic interaction between BiFeO3 films and a ferromagnetic Co0.9Fe0.1 layer. Within the constraints of intralayer exchange coupling in the Co0.9Fe0.1, the multiferroic imprint in the ferromagnet results in a collinear arrangement of the local magnetization and the in-plane BiFeO3 ferroelectric polarization. The magnetic anisotropy is uniaxial, and an in-plane effective coupling field of order 10 mT is derived. Measurements as a function of multiferroic layer thickness show that the influence of the multiferroic layer on the magnetic layer becomes negligible for 3 nm thick BiFeO3 films. We ascribe this breakdown in the exchange coupling to a weakening of the antiferromagnetic order in the ultrathin BiFeO3 film based on our x-ray linear dichroism measurements. These observations are consistent with an interfacial exchange coupling between the CoFe moments and a canted antiferromagnetic moment in the BiFeO3.
C1 [Trassin, M.; Liu, Jian] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Trassin, M.] Swiss Fed Inst Technol, Dept Mat, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland.
[Clarkson, J. D.; Heron, J. T.; Paull, R. J.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Bowden, S. R.; Pierce, D. T.; Unguris, J.] NIST, Ctr Nanoscale Sci & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Bowden, S. R.] Univ Maryland, Maryland Nanoctr, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Arenholz, E.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Adv Light Source, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Trassin, M (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM morgan.trassin@mat.ethz.ch; john.unguris@nist.gov
RI Liu, Jian/I-6746-2013; Unguris, John/J-3989-2014
OI Liu, Jian/0000-0001-7962-2547;
FU University of Maryland; National Institute of Standards and Technology
Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology through the University of
Maryland [70NANB10H193]; Center for Energy Efficient Electronics Science
(NSF) [0939514]
FX We sincerely thank D. Meier and R. Ramesh for the thoughtful discussions
and B. Kim and Y. Bobrov for their assistance with the MFM under
external magnetic field. We also gratefully acknowledge helpful
discussions with R. D. McMichael and M. D. Stiles and the technical
assistance of S. Blankenship and G. Holland. S. Bowden acknowledges
support under the Cooperative Research Agreement between the University
of Maryland and the National Institute of Standards and Technology
Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology, Award 70NANB10H193, through
the University of Maryland. M. Trassin acknowledges the support from the
Center for Energy Efficient Electronics Science (NSF Grant No. 0939514).
NR 37
TC 33
Z9 33
U1 4
U2 111
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1098-0121
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD APR 30
PY 2013
VL 87
IS 13
AR 134426
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.87.134426
PG 6
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 138KJ
UT WOS:000318507200004
ER
PT J
AU Phillips, WD
AF Phillips, William D.
TI Profile of David Wineland and Serge Haroche, 2012 Nobel Laureates in
Physics
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF
AMERICA
LA English
DT Editorial Material
ID RADIATION
C1 NIST, Laser Cooling & Trapping Grp, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Phillips, WD (reprint author), NIST, Laser Cooling & Trapping Grp, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM william.phillips@nist.gov
NR 6
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 11
PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA
SN 0027-8424
J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA
JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A.
PD APR 30
PY 2013
VL 110
IS 18
BP 7110
EP 7111
DI 10.1073/pnas.1221825110
PG 2
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 140UV
UT WOS:000318682300013
PM 23584018
ER
PT J
AU Bignami, S
Enochs, IC
Manzello, DP
Sponaugle, S
Cowen, RK
AF Bignami, Sean
Enochs, Ian C.
Manzello, Derek P.
Sponaugle, Su
Cowen, Robert K.
TI Ocean acidification alters the otoliths of a pantropical fish species
with implications for sensory function
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF
AMERICA
LA English
DT Article
ID TROPICAL MARINE FISH; CORAL-REEF FISHES; RACHYCENTRON-CANADUM; CARBON;
LARVAE; SENSITIVITY; BEHAVIOR; RECORD; FUTURE; GROWTH
AB Ocean acidification affects a wide diversity of marine organisms and is of particular concern for vulnerable larval stages critical to population replenishment and connectivity. Whereas it is well known that ocean acidification will negatively affect a range of calcareous taxa, the study of fishes is more limited in both depth of understanding and diversity of study species. We used new 3D microcomputed tomography to conduct in situ analysis of the impact of ocean acidification on otolith (ear stone) size and density of larval cobia (Rachycentron canadum), a large, economically important, pantropical fish species that shares many life history traits with a diversity of high-value, tropical pelagic fishes. We show that 2,100 mu atm partial pressure of carbon dioxide (pCO(2)) significantly increased not only otolith size (up to 49% greater volume and 58% greater relative mass) but also otolith density (6% higher). Estimated relative mass in 800 mu atm pCO(2) treatments was 14% greater, and there was a similar but nonsignificant trend for otolith size. Using a modeling approach, we demonstrate that these changes could affect auditory sensitivity including a similar to 50% increase in hearing range at 2,100 mu atm pCO(2), which may alter the perception of auditory information by larval cobia in a high-CO2 ocean. Our results indicate that ocean acidification has a graded effect on cobia otoliths, with the potential to substantially influence the dispersal, survival, and recruitment of a pelagic fish species. These results have important implications for population maintenance/replenishment, connectivity, and conservation efforts for other valuable fish stocks that are already being deleteriously impacted by overfishing.
C1 [Bignami, Sean; Sponaugle, Su; Cowen, Robert K.] Univ Miami, Rosenstiel Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, Div Marine Biol & Fisheries, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
[Enochs, Ian C.; Manzello, Derek P.] Univ Miami, Rosenstiel Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, Cooperat Inst Marine & Atmospher Studies, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
[Enochs, Ian C.; Manzello, Derek P.] NOAA, Atlantic Oceanog & Meteorol Labs, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
RP Bignami, S (reprint author), Univ Miami, Rosenstiel Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, Div Marine Biol & Fisheries, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
EM sbignami@rsmas.miami.edu
RI Manzello, Derek/A-8661-2014; Enochs, Ian/B-8051-2014
OI Manzello, Derek/0000-0002-0720-3041; Enochs, Ian/0000-0002-8867-0361
FU National Science Foundation GK-12 program; University of Miami Maytag
Ichthyology Chair; Guy Harvey Ocean Foundation; Florida Sea Grant;
International Light Tackle Tournament Association; Manasquan River
Marlin and Tuna Club; Yamaha Contender/Miami Billfish Tournament
FX We thank D. Gledhill and L. Jewett of the National Oceanic and
Atmospheric Administration's Ocean Acidification Program for providing
the micro-CT scanner; T. Capo, D. Benetti, C. Langdon, E. Bryant, and K.
Ternus for facility use and logistical assistance; M. Grosell, J.
Dallman, Z. Lu, and E. Staaterman for discussions; and the University of
Miami Experimental Hatchery. This study was supported by grants from the
National Science Foundation GK-12 program, University of Miami Maytag
Ichthyology Chair, Guy Harvey Ocean Foundation, Florida Sea Grant,
International Light Tackle Tournament Association, Manasquan River
Marlin and Tuna Club, and the Yamaha Contender/Miami Billfish
Tournament.
NR 39
TC 25
Z9 27
U1 10
U2 108
PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA
SN 0027-8424
J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA
JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A.
PD APR 30
PY 2013
VL 110
IS 18
BP 7366
EP 7370
DI 10.1073/pnas.1301365110
PG 5
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 140UV
UT WOS:000318682300058
PM 23589887
ER
PT J
AU Hong, T
Zhu, LY
Ke, X
Garlea, VO
Qiu, Y
Nambu, Y
Yoshizawa, H
Zhu, M
Granroth, GE
Savici, AT
Gai, Z
Zhou, HD
AF Hong, Tao
Zhu, L. Y.
Ke, X.
Garlea, V. O.
Qiu, Y.
Nambu, Y.
Yoshizawa, H.
Zhu, M.
Granroth, G. E.
Savici, A. T.
Gai, Zheng
Zhou, H. D.
TI Structural and magnetic properties in the quantum S=1/2 dimer system
Ba-3(Cr1-xVx)(2)O-8 with site disorder
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID BOSE-EINSTEIN CONDENSATION; SINGLET-GROUND-STATE; CHOPPER SPECTROMETER;
NEUTRON-SCATTERING; SPIN GAP; TLCUCL3; TRANSITION; CUGEO3
AB We report a comprehensive study of dc susceptibility, specific-heat, neutron-diffraction, and inelastic neutron-scattering measurements on polycrystalline Ba-3(Cr1-xVx)(2)O-8 samples, where x = 0, 0.06, 0.15, and 0.53. A Jahn-Teller structure transition occurs for x = 0, 0.06, and 0.15 samples, and the transition temperature is reduced upon vanadium substitution from 70(2) K at x = 0 to 60(2) K at x = 0.06 and 0.15. The structure becomes less distorted as x increases, and such transition disappears at x = 0.53. The observed magnetic excitation spectrum indicates that the singlet ground state remains unaltered and spin-gap energy Delta = 1.3(1) meV is identical within the instrument resolution for all x. In addition, the dispersion bandwidth W decreases with increase of x. At x = 0.53, W is reduced to 1.4(1) meV from 2.0(1) meV at x = 0. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevB.87.144427
C1 [Hong, Tao; Ke, X.; Garlea, V. O.; Granroth, G. E.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Quantum Condensed Matter Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Zhu, L. Y.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Ke, X.; Zhu, M.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
[Qiu, Y.] NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Qiu, Y.] Univ Maryland, Dept Mat & Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Nambu, Y.] Tohoku Univ, Inst Multidisciplinary Res Adv Mat, Sendai, Miyagi 9808577, Japan.
[Yoshizawa, H.] Univ Tokyo, Inst Solid State Phys, Neutron Sci Lab, Tokai, Ibaraki 3191106, Japan.
[Savici, A. T.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Neutron Data Anal & Visualizat Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Gai, Zheng] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Nanophase Mat Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Zhou, H. D.] Florida State Univ, Natl High Magnet Field Lab, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA.
[Zhou, H. D.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
RP Hong, T (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Quantum Condensed Matter Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
EM hongt@ornl.gov
RI Nambu, Yusuke/C-3863-2012; Hong, Tao/F-8166-2010; Gai,
Zheng/B-5327-2012; Granroth, Garrett/G-3576-2012; Savici,
Andrei/F-2790-2013; Garlea, Vasile/A-4994-2016; Zhou,
Haidong/O-4373-2016
OI Nambu, Yusuke/0000-0003-1167-7124; Hong, Tao/0000-0002-0161-8588; Gai,
Zheng/0000-0002-6099-4559; Granroth, Garrett/0000-0002-7583-8778;
Savici, Andrei/0000-0001-5127-8967; Garlea, Vasile/0000-0002-5322-7271;
FU Scientific User Facilities Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, US
Department of Energy; US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office
of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; NSF [DMR-0944772]
FX T.H. would like to thank A. Huq for the initial measurement at an early
stage and G. W. Chern for helpful discussion. Research conducted at
Neutron Sciences Directorate and the Center for Nanophase Materials
Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, was sponsored by the Scientific
User Facilities Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, US Department
of Energy. Work at Argonne is supported by the US Department of Energy,
Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No.
DE-AC02-06CH11357. Work at NIST is supported by the NSF under Agreement
No. DMR-0944772.
NR 44
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 11
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 2469-9950
EI 2469-9969
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD APR 30
PY 2013
VL 87
IS 14
AR 144427
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.87.144427
PG 9
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 138LV
UT WOS:000318511000006
ER
PT J
AU Tacchi, S
Nguyen, TNA
Carlotti, G
Gubbiotti, G
Madami, M
Dumas, RK
Lau, JW
Akerman, J
Rettori, A
Pini, MG
AF Tacchi, S.
Nguyen, T. N. Anh
Carlotti, G.
Gubbiotti, G.
Madami, M.
Dumas, R. K.
Lau, J. W.
Akerman, Johan
Rettori, A.
Pini, M. G.
TI Spin wave excitations in exchange-coupled [Co/Pd]-NiFe films with
tunable tilting of the magnetization
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID FIELD; MULTILAYER; TORQUE; SCATTERING; SURFACE
AB Brillouin light scattering was applied to measure the evolution of spin waves in exchange-coupled [Co/Pd]-NiFe films with out-of-plane/in-plane magnetic anisotropy. Tunable tilting of the magnetization has important effects on the spin wave frequency gap: a substantial increase is observed with decreasing the soft NiFe thickness, while seemingly insignificant tilting angles cause a strong reduction with respect to a film with only the hard [Co/Pd] component. The spin wave frequency is reproduced also in samples, with increased thickness of the upper Pd layer, where a sudden modification in the tilting at the hard/soft interface is caused by the weakening of interlayer exchange. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevB.87.144426
C1 [Tacchi, S.; Gubbiotti, G.] Univ Perugia, Dipartimento Fis, CNR, IOM,Unita Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, Italy.
[Nguyen, T. N. Anh; Akerman, Johan] KTH Royal Inst Technol, Sch Informat & Commun Technol, S-16440 Kista, Sweden.
[Carlotti, G.; Madami, M.] Univ Perugia, Dipartimento Fis, I-06123 Perugia, Italy.
[Carlotti, G.; Rettori, A.] Ist Nanosci CNR CNR NANO, Ctr S3, I-41125 Modena, Italy.
[Dumas, R. K.; Akerman, Johan] Univ Gothenburg, Dept Phys, S-41296 Gothenburg, Sweden.
[Lau, J. W.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Rettori, A.] Univ Florence, Dipartimento Fis, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, FI, Italy.
[Pini, M. G.] CNR, ISC, Unita Firenze, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, FI, Italy.
RP Tacchi, S (reprint author), Univ Perugia, Dipartimento Fis, CNR, IOM,Unita Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, Italy.
RI Dumas, Randy/E-3077-2010; Akerman, Johan/B-5726-2008; Pini, Maria
Gloria/B-9595-2015;
OI Dumas, Randy/0000-0001-5505-2172; Akerman, Johan/0000-0002-3513-6608;
Pini, Maria Gloria/0000-0002-6571-4181; Madami,
Marco/0000-0002-0727-1773
FU MIUR [2010ECA8P3]; Swedish Foundation for strategic Research (SSF);
Swedish Research Council (VR); Swedish Institute (SI); Knut and Alice
Wallenberg Foundation
FX The research leading to these results has received partial financial
support from MIUR under PRIN 2010-2011 "DyNanoMag"-prot. 2010ECA8P3.
Support from the Swedish Foundation for strategic Research (SSF), the
Swedish Research Council (VR), and the Swedish Institute (SI) is
gratefully acknowledged. Johan Akerman is a Royal Swedish Academy of
Sciences Research Fellow supported by a grant from the Knut and Alice
Wallenberg Foundation.
NR 33
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 2
U2 26
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1098-0121
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD APR 30
PY 2013
VL 87
IS 14
AR 144426
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.87.144426
PG 5
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 138LV
UT WOS:000318511000005
ER
PT J
AU Zhu, H
Richter, CA
Zhao, EH
Bonevich, JE
Kimes, WA
Jang, HJ
Yuan, H
Li, HT
Arab, A
Kirillov, O
Maslar, JE
Ioannou, DE
Li, QL
AF Zhu, Hao
Richter, Curt A.
Zhao, Erhai
Bonevich, John E.
Kimes, William A.
Jang, Hyuk-Jae
Yuan, Hui
Li, Haitao
Arab, Abbas
Kirillov, Oleg
Maslar, James E.
Ioannou, Dimitris E.
Li, Qiliang
TI Topological Insulator Bi2Se3 Nanowire High Performance Field-Effect
Transistors
SO SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
LA English
DT Article
ID SINGLE DIRAC CONE; SURFACE-STATES; NANORIBBONS; TRANSPORT; BI2TE3
AB Topological insulators are unique electronic materials with insulating interiors and robust metallic surfaces. Device applications exploiting their remarkable properties have so far been hampered by the difficulty to electrically tune the Fermi levels of both bulk and thin film samples. Here we show experimentally that single-crystal nanowires of the topological insulator Bi2Se3 can be used as the conduction channel in high-performance field effect transistor (FET), a basic circuit building block. Its current-voltage characteristics are superior to many of those reported for semiconductor nanowire transistors, including sharp turn-on, nearly zero cutoff current, very large On/Off current ratio, and well-saturated output current. The metallic electron transport at the surface with good FET effective mobility can be effectively separated from the conduction of bulk Bi2Se3 and adjusted by field effect at a small gate voltage. This opens up a suite of potential applications in nanoelectronics and spintronics.
C1 [Zhu, Hao; Yuan, Hui; Li, Haitao; Arab, Abbas; Ioannou, Dimitris E.; Li, Qiliang] George Mason Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Fairfax, VA 22033 USA.
[Zhu, Hao; Richter, Curt A.; Jang, Hyuk-Jae; Yuan, Hui; Li, Haitao; Kirillov, Oleg; Li, Qiliang] NIST, Semicond & Dimens Metrol Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Zhao, Erhai] George Mason Univ, Sch Phys Astron & Computat Sci, Fairfax, VA 22033 USA.
[Bonevich, John E.] NIST, Div Engn & Mat Sci, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Kimes, William A.; Maslar, James E.] NIST, Chem & Biochem Reference Data Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Richter, CA (reprint author), NIST, Semicond & Dimens Metrol Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM Curt.Richter@nist.gov; qli6@gmu.edu
RI Jang, Hyuk-Jae/H-7904-2013; Zhao, Erhai/B-3463-2010; Li,
Qiliang/B-2225-2015
OI Zhao, Erhai/0000-0001-8954-1601; Li, Qiliang/0000-0001-9778-7695
FU US NIST [60NANB11D148]; US NSF [ECCS-0846649]; Virginia Microelectronics
Consortium Research Grant
FX The work described here was supported by US NIST Grant 60NANB11D148, US
NSF Grant ECCS-0846649 and Virginia Microelectronics Consortium Research
Grant.
NR 27
TC 27
Z9 27
U1 12
U2 146
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 2045-2322
J9 SCI REP-UK
JI Sci Rep
PD APR 30
PY 2013
VL 3
AR 1757
DI 10.1038/srep01757
PG 5
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 134AJ
UT WOS:000318181700005
ER
PT J
AU Yao, NY
Gorshkov, AV
Laumann, CR
Lauchli, AM
Ye, J
Lukin, MD
AF Yao, N. Y.
Gorshkov, A. V.
Laumann, C. R.
Laeuchli, A. M.
Ye, J.
Lukin, M. D.
TI Realizing Fractional Chern Insulators in Dipolar Spin Systems
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID POLAR-MOLECULES; QUANTUM
AB Strongly correlated quantum systems can exhibit exotic behavior controlled by topology. We predict that the nu = 1/2 fractional Chern insulator arises naturally in a two-dimensional array of driven, dipolar-interacting spins. As a specific implementation, we analyze how to prepare and detect synthetic gauge potentials for the rotational excitations of ultracold polar molecules trapped in a deep optical lattice. With the motion of the molecules pinned, under certain conditions, these rotational excitations form a fractional Chern insulating state. We present a detailed experimental blueprint for its realization and demonstrate that the implementation is consistent with near-term capabilities. Prospects for the realization of such phases in solid-state dipolar systems are discussed as are their possible applications.
C1 [Yao, N. Y.; Laumann, C. R.; Lukin, M. D.] Harvard Univ, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Gorshkov, A. V.] CALTECH, Inst Quantum Informat & Matter, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
[Laumann, C. R.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Inst Theoret Atom & Mol Phys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Laeuchli, A. M.] Univ Innsbruck, Inst Theoret Phys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
[Ye, J.] NIST, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Ye, J.] Univ Colorado, Dept Phys, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RP Yao, NY (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RI Ye, Jun/C-3312-2011; Gorshkov, Alexey/A-9848-2008; Lauchli,
Andreas/B-1930-2008; Yao, Norman/A-3929-2009
OI Gorshkov, Alexey/0000-0003-0509-3421; Lauchli,
Andreas/0000-0002-2272-2691; Yao, Norman/0000-0003-0194-7266
FU NSF; DOE [FG02-97ER25308]; CUA; DARPA; AFOSR MURI; NIST; Lawrence Golub
Fellowship; Lee A. DuBridge Foundation; IQIM; Gordon and Betty Moore
Foundation
FX We gratefully acknowledge the insights of P. Zoller, E. Demler, and S.
Bennett. We thank M. Hafezi, A. Chandran, N. Lindner, S. Stellmer, F.
Schreck, W. Campbell, A. M. Rey, J. Preskill, K. Hazzard, S. Manmana, E.
M. Stoudenmire, S. Todadri, and J. Alicea for helpful discussions. This
work was supported, in part, by the NSF, DOE (FG02-97ER25308), CUA,
DARPA, AFOSR MURI, NIST, Lawrence Golub Fellowship, Lee A. DuBridge
Foundation, IQIM and the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation.
NR 48
TC 80
Z9 81
U1 0
U2 18
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0031-9007
J9 PHYS REV LETT
JI Phys. Rev. Lett.
PD APR 29
PY 2013
VL 110
IS 18
AR 185302
DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.110.185302
PG 5
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 145KK
UT WOS:000319014400004
PM 23683213
ER
PT J
AU White, VC
Morado, JF
Crosson, LM
Vadopalas, B
Friedman, CS
AF White, Vanessa C.
Morado, J. Frank
Crosson, Lisa M.
Vadopalas, Brent
Friedman, Carolyn S.
TI Development and validation of a quantitative PCR assay for Ichthyophonus
spp.
SO DISEASES OF AQUATIC ORGANISMS
LA English
DT Article
DE Ichthyophonus sp.; qPCR; Validation; Detection methods; Theragra
chalcogramma
ID REAL-TIME PCR; FLOUNDER LIMANDA-FERRUGINEA; SWEDISH WEST-COAST; CHINOOK
SALMON; YUKON RIVER; NOVA-SCOTIA; NORTH-SEA; HOFERI; POPULATIONS;
INFECTIONS
AB Members of the genus Ichthyophonus are trophically transmitted, cosmopolitan parasites that affect numerous fish species worldwide. A quantitative PCR (qPCR) assay specific for genus Ichthyophonus 18S ribosomal DNA was developed for parasite detection and surveillance. The new assay was tested for precision, repeatability, reproducibility, and both analytical sensitivity and specificity. Diagnostic sensitivity and specificity were estimated using tissue samples from a wild population of walleye pollock Theragra chalcogramma. Ichthyophonus sp. presence in tissue samples was determined by qPCR, conventional PCR (cPCR), and histology. Parasite prevalence estimates varied depending upon the detection method employed and tissue type tested. qPCR identified the greatest number of Ichthyophonus sp.-positive cases when applied to walleye pollock skeletal muscle. The qPCR assay proved sensitive and specific for Ichthyophonus spp. DNA, but like cPCR, is only a proxy for infection. When compared to cPCR, qPCR possesses added benefits of parasite DNA quantification and a 100-fold increase in analytical sensitivity. Because this novel assay is specific for known members of the genus, it is likely appropriate for detecting Ichthyophonus spp. DNA in various hosts from multiple regions. However, species-level identification and isotype variability would require DNA sequencing. In addition to distribution and prevalence applications, this assay could be modified and adapted for use with zooplankton or environmental samples. Such applications could aid in investigating alternate routes of transmission and life history strategies typical to members of the genus Ichthyophonus.
C1 [White, Vanessa C.; Morado, J. Frank] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Resource Assessment & Conservat Engn Div, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
[Crosson, Lisa M.; Vadopalas, Brent; Friedman, Carolyn S.] Univ Washington, Coll Environm, Sch Aquat & Fishery Sci, Seattle, WA 98105 USA.
RP White, VC (reprint author), NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Resource Assessment & Conservat Engn Div, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
EM vanessa.white@noaa.gov
OI Vadopalas, Brent/0000-0002-1791-2095
NR 43
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 23
PU INTER-RESEARCH
PI OLDENDORF LUHE
PA NORDBUNTE 23, D-21385 OLDENDORF LUHE, GERMANY
SN 0177-5103
J9 DIS AQUAT ORGAN
JI Dis. Aquat. Org.
PD APR 29
PY 2013
VL 104
IS 1
BP 69
EP 81
DI 10.3354/dao02579
PG 13
WC Fisheries; Veterinary Sciences
SC Fisheries; Veterinary Sciences
GA 137KE
UT WOS:000318433900007
PM 23670081
ER
PT J
AU Merryfield, WJ
Lee, WS
Wang, W
Chen, M
Kumar, A
AF Merryfield, W. J.
Lee, W. -S.
Wang, W.
Chen, M.
Kumar, A.
TI Multi-system seasonal predictions of Arctic sea ice
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE seasonal prediction; multi-model ensembles; sea ice prediction
ID MULTIMODEL ENSEMBLES; PREDICTABILITY; SKILL; MODEL; GCM
AB The utility of multi-system, coupled model-based seasonal predictions of Arctic sea ice area and extent is investigated for combined predictions from the Climate Forecast System version 2 (CFSv2) and Canadian Seasonal to Interannual Prediction System (CanSIPS) operational seasonal forecasting systems, which are among the first to have sea ice as a prognostic variable. Forecast skills for predictions of total anomalies and departures from long-term linear trends are examined both for the individual systems and the combined forecasts, and are compared against simple predictions such as damped anomaly persistence. Results indicate that the tendency for climate forecasts based on combined output from multiple prediction systems to outperform any one system, demonstrated previously for global variables such as temperature and precipitation, is realized for predictions of Arctic sea ice as well.
C1 [Merryfield, W. J.; Lee, W. -S.] Environm Canada, Canadian Ctr Climate Modelling & Anal, Victoria, BC V8W 3V6, Canada.
[Wang, W.; Chen, M.; Kumar, A.] Natl Ctr Environm Predict, Climate Predict Ctr, Camp Springs, MD USA.
RP Merryfield, WJ (reprint author), Environm Canada, Canadian Ctr Climate Modelling & Anal, POB 3065 STN CSC, Victoria, BC V8W 3V6, Canada.
EM bill.merryfield@ec.gc.ca
FU Government of Canada through the Beaufort Regional Environmental
Assessment
FX Valuable comments and suggestions were provided by Slava Kharin and Greg
Flato. Dirk Notz is thanked for helpful discussions and for sharing a
pre-publication manuscript. This work was supported by the Government of
Canada through the Beaufort Regional Environmental Assessment.
NR 22
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 1
U2 13
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
EI 1944-8007
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD APR 28
PY 2013
VL 40
IS 8
BP 1551
EP 1556
DI 10.1002/grl.50317
PG 6
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 148BR
UT WOS:000319217800018
ER
PT J
AU Parrish, DD
Law, KS
Staehelin, J
Derwent, R
Cooper, OR
Tanimoto, H
Volz-Thomas, A
Gilge, S
Scheel, HE
Steinbacher, M
Chan, E
AF Parrish, D. D.
Law, K. S.
Staehelin, J.
Derwent, R.
Cooper, O. R.
Tanimoto, H.
Volz-Thomas, A.
Gilge, S.
Scheel, H. -E.
Steinbacher, M.
Chan, E.
TI Lower tropospheric ozone at northern midlatitudes: Changing seasonal
cycle
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE ozone; troposphere; seasonal cycle; northern mid-latitudes
ID ATLANTIC OSCILLATION; SURFACE OZONE; INTERCONTINENTAL TRANSPORT; TRENDS;
VARIABILITY; STRATOSPHERE; CHEMISTRY; EUROPE; PERIOD; EXCHANGE
AB At northern midlatitudes the abundance of tropospheric O3 has increased by a factor of approximately 2 since the 1950s. The cause of this increase is generally attributed to increasing anthropogenic precursor emissions, but present chemical and transport models cannot quantitatively reproduce its magnitude. Here we show another manifestation of changes in O3 abundancea shift of the seasonal cycle at northern midlatitudes so that the observed peak concentrations now appear earlier in the year than in previous decades. The rate of this shift has been 3 to 6days per decade since the 1970s. We examine possible reasons to explain this shift and suggest it is due to changes in atmospheric transport patterns combined with spatial and temporal changes in emissions. Detailed modeling is necessary to test these hypotheses; this investigation will provide useful guidance for improving global chemistry-climate models and stringent tests of the model results.
C1 [Parrish, D. D.; Cooper, O. R.] NOAA ESRL Chem Sci Div, Boulder, CO USA.
[Law, K. S.] Univ Paris 06, Paris, France.
[Law, K. S.] Univ Versailles St Quentin, Paris, France.
[Law, K. S.] CNRS INSU, Paris, France.
[Staehelin, J.] ETHZ, Inst Atmospher & Climate Sci, Zurich, Switzerland.
[Derwent, R.] Rdscientific, Newbury, Berks, England.
[Cooper, O. R.] Univ Colorado, CIRES, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Tanimoto, H.] Natl Inst Environm Studies, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
[Volz-Thomas, A.] Forschungszentrum Julich, IEK 8, D-52425 Julich, Germany.
[Gilge, S.] German Meteorol Serv DWD, Hohenpeissenberg Meteorol Observ, Hohenpeissenberg, Germany.
[Scheel, H. -E.] Karlsruhe Inst Technol, IMK IFU, Garmisch Partenkirchen, Germany.
[Steinbacher, M.] Swiss Fed Labs Mat Sci & Technol EMPA, Dubendorf, Switzerland.
[Chan, E.] Environm Canada, Sci & Technol Branch, Toronto, ON, Canada.
RP Parrish, DD (reprint author), NOAA ESRL Chem Sci Div, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO USA.
EM David.D.Parrish@noaa.gov
RI Parrish, David/E-8957-2010; Cooper, Owen/H-4875-2013; Tanimoto,
Hiroshi/E-6779-2010; Garmisch-Pa, Ifu/H-9902-2014; Volz-Thomas,
Andreas/J-7223-2012; Steinbacher, Martin/B-7424-2009; Manager, CSD
Publications/B-2789-2015
OI Derwent, Richard/0000-0003-4498-645X; Parrish,
David/0000-0001-6312-2724; Tanimoto, Hiroshi/0000-0002-5424-9923;
Volz-Thomas, Andreas/0000-0003-3700-1667; Steinbacher,
Martin/0000-0002-7195-8115;
FU NOAA's Climate Change and Health of the Atmosphere Programs; European
Union Framework 7 (FP7) IP project PEGASOS [FP7-ENV-2010/265148]
FX oThe authors are grateful to P.G. Simmonds and T.G Spain for providing
the Mace Head data, to A.J. Manning for sorting the Mace Head data into
baseline and nonbaseline observations, to U.S. National Park Service for
providing Lassen NP data. D. Parrish acknowledges support from NOAA's
Climate Change and Health of the Atmosphere Programs. K.S. Law
acknowledges support from the European Union Framework 7 (FP7) IP
project PEGASOS (FP7-ENV-2010/265148). We acknowledge the free use of
tropospheric NO2 column data from the GOME and SCIAMACHY
sensors from www.temis.nl.
NR 32
TC 34
Z9 38
U1 4
U2 53
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD APR 28
PY 2013
VL 40
IS 8
BP 1631
EP 1636
DI 10.1002/grl.50303
PG 6
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 148BR
UT WOS:000319217800031
ER
PT J
AU Dudowicz, J
Freed, KF
Douglas, JF
AF Dudowicz, Jacek
Freed, Karl F.
Douglas, Jack F.
TI Solvation of polymers as mutual association. I. General theory
SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID BASIC THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES; CRITICAL SOLUTION TEMPERATURES;
PHASE-SEPARATION; LATTICE MODEL; LIVING POLYMERIZATION; SUPRAMOLECULAR
POLYMERIZATION; EQUILIBRIUM POLYMERIZATION; LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY;
SCATTERING PROPERTIES; POLYETHYLENE OXIDE
AB A Flory-Huggins (FH) type lattice theory of self-assembly is generalized to describe the equilibrium solvation of long polymer chains B by small solvent molecules A. Solvation is modeled as a thermally reversible mutual association between the polymer and a relatively low molar mass solvent. The FH Helmholtz free energy F is derived for a mixture composed of the A and B species and the various possible mutual association complexes A(i)B, and F is then used to generate expressions for basic thermodynamic properties of solvated polymer solutions, including the size distribution of the solvated clusters, the fraction of solvent molecules contained in solvated states (an order parameter for solvation), the specific heat (which exhibits a maximum at the solvation transition), the second and the third osmotic virial coefficients, and the boundaries for phase stability of the mixture. Special attention is devoted to the analysis of the "entropic" contribution chi(s) to the FH interaction parameter chi of polymer solutions, both with and without associative interactions. The entropic chi(s) parameter arises from correlations associated with polymer chain connectivity and disparities in molecular structure between the components of the mixture. Our analysis provides the first explanation of the longstanding enigma of why chi(s) for polymer solutions significantly exceeds chi(s) for binary polymer blends. Our calculations also reveal that chi(s) becomes temperature dependent when interactions are strong, in sharp contrast to models currently being used for fitting thermodynamic data of associating polymer-solvent mixtures, where chi(s) is simply assumed to be an adjustable constant based on experience with solutions of homopolymers in nonassociating solvents. (C) 2013 AIP Publishing LLC.
C1 [Dudowicz, Jacek; Freed, Karl F.] Univ Chicago, James Franck Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.
[Dudowicz, Jacek; Freed, Karl F.] Univ Chicago, Dept Chem, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.
[Douglas, Jack F.] NIST, Mat Sci & Engn Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Dudowicz, J (reprint author), Univ Chicago, James Franck Inst, 5640 S Ellis Ave, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.
FU National Science Foundation (NSF) [CHE-1111918]
FX This research is supported, in part, by the National Science Foundation
(NSF) Grant No. CHE-1111918.
NR 59
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 1
U2 28
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-9606
J9 J CHEM PHYS
JI J. Chem. Phys.
PD APR 28
PY 2013
VL 138
IS 16
AR 164901
DI 10.1063/1.4800074
PG 13
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 138ZK
UT WOS:000318550800065
PM 23635165
ER
PT J
AU Dudowicz, J
Freed, KF
Douglas, JF
AF Dudowicz, Jacek
Freed, Karl F.
Douglas, Jack F.
TI Solvation of polymers as mutual association. II. Basic thermodynamic
properties
SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID PHASE-SEPARATION; POLYETHYLENE OXIDE; CRITICAL-POINT; BEHAVIOR; WATER;
TEMPERATURE; CROSSOVER; MIXTURES; PRESSURE; DIAGRAMS
AB The theory of equilibrium solvation of polymers B by a relatively low molar mass solvent A, developed in the simplest form in Paper I, is used to explore some essential trends in basic thermodynamic properties of solvated polymer solutions, such as the equilibrium concentrations of solvated polymers A(i)B and free solvent molecules A, the mass distribution phi(AiB) (i) of solvated clusters, the extent of solvation of the polymer phi(solv), the solvation transition lines T-solv (phi(o)(B)), the specific heat C-V, the osmotic second virial coefficient B-2, phase stability boundaries, and the critical temperatures associated with closed loop phase diagrams. We discuss the differences between the basic thermodynamic properties of solvated polymers and those derived previously for hierarchical mutual association processes involving the association of two different species A and B into AB complexes and the subsequent polymerization of these AB complexes into linear polymeric structures. The properties of solvated polymer solutions are also compared to those for solutions of polymers in a self-associating solvent. Closed loop phase diagrams for solvated polymer solutions arise in the theory from the competition between the associative and van der Waals interactions, a behavior also typical for dispersed molecular and nanoparticle species that strongly associate with the host fluid. Our analysis of the temperature dependence of the second osmotic virial coefficient reveals that the theory must be generalized to describe the association of multiple solvent molecules with each chain monomer, and this complex extension of the present model will be developed in subsequent papers aimed at a quantitative rather than qualitative treatment of solvated polymer solutions. (C) 2013 AIP Publishing LLC.
C1 [Dudowicz, Jacek; Freed, Karl F.] Univ Chicago, James Franck Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.
[Dudowicz, Jacek; Freed, Karl F.] Univ Chicago, Dept Chem, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.
[Douglas, Jack F.] NIST, Mat Sci & Engn Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Dudowicz, J (reprint author), Univ Chicago, James Franck Inst, 5640 S Ellis Ave, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.
FU National Science Foundation (NSF) [CHE-1111918]
FX This research is supported, in part, by the National Science Foundation
(NSF) Grant No. CHE-1111918.
NR 23
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 12
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-9606
J9 J CHEM PHYS
JI J. Chem. Phys.
PD APR 28
PY 2013
VL 138
IS 16
AR 164902
DI 10.1063/1.4800082
PG 9
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 138ZK
UT WOS:000318550800066
PM 23635166
ER
PT J
AU Michalsky, J
LeBaron, B
AF Michalsky, Joseph
LeBaron, Brock
TI Fifteen-year aerosol optical depth climatology for Salt Lake City
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
LA English
DT Article
ID INSTRUMENT; AERONET
AB Aerosol optical depth (AOD) and its wavelength dependence have been measured for the past 15 years in the Salt Lake City metropolitan area using a multifilter rotating shadowband radiometer. The instrument has not experienced a major hardware failure. It has been continuously field calibrated for extraterrestrial responses in its five aerosol channels. The instrument's cosine response was measured in 1996 and again in 2012. In our analysis of this 15 year data set, linear interpolation of these two cosine responses was used to approximate the angular response between the two characterizations. The Salt Lake City aerosol burden increased through the mid-2000s, but has dropped to its lowest level of the record since that time despite a population increase of approximately 25%. Annually, the aerosol burden is highest in midspring and midsummer with relatively coarse aerosols during the spring peak and fine aerosols during the summer peak. There is no indication of a diurnal cycle in AOD. There is a significant, but low, correlation between PM2.5 and 500 nm AOD, and a slightly lower correlation between PM10 and 500 nm AOD. The correlations between the surface-based measurements and total column AOD explain only 13% and 9% of the variance, respectively. Measurements are continuing to track future trends.
C1 [Michalsky, Joseph] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[LeBaron, Brock] State Utah, Dept Environm Qual, Salt Lake City, UT USA.
RP Michalsky, J (reprint author), NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, 325 Broadway R-GMD, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM joseph.michalsky@noaa.gov
FU National Aeronautics and Space Administration's Goddard Institute for
Space Studies
FX The authors would like to thank Ellsworth Dutton and John Augustine for
advice in regard to several aspects of this paper. Kimberly Kreykes in
the Utah Department of Environmental Quality supplied the PM2.5 and PM10
data. The MFRSR instrument was originally purchased with a grant from
the National Aeronautics and Space Administration's Goddard Institute
for Space Studies.
NR 10
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 2
U2 7
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-897X
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.
PD APR 27
PY 2013
VL 118
IS 8
BP 3271
EP 3277
DI 10.1002/jgrd.50329
PG 7
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 155JQ
UT WOS:000319744200020
ER
PT J
AU Van Dam, B
Helmig, D
Burkhart, JF
Obrist, D
Oltmans, SJ
AF Van Dam, Brie
Helmig, Detlev
Burkhart, John F.
Obrist, Daniel
Oltmans, Samuel J.
TI Springtime boundary layer O-3 and GEM depletion at Toolik Lake, Alaska
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
LA English
DT Article
ID ATMOSPHERIC MERCURY CONCENTRATIONS; TROPOSPHERIC OZONE DEPLETION; POLAR
SUNRISE; SURFACE OZONE; NY-ALESUND; SNOW; CHEMISTRY; ICE; GREENLAND;
SVALBARD
AB Atmospheric surface ozone (O-3) was measured at Toolik Lake, Alaska, from September 2010 to August 2011, along with winter and springtime (January-May) measurements of gaseous elemental mercury (GEM). Concurrent episodic springtime depletion of both O-3 and GEM was observed between April and May 2011. To investigate these depletion events, surface O-3 measurements from Toolik Lake were compared with similar measurements from Barrow, the only Alaskan site available to use as an indicator of conditions at the Arctic Ocean coastline. Barrow is located approximately 400 km to the northwest of Toolik Lake. In all cases where O-3 and GEM depletion was observed at Toolik Lake, similar O-3 depletion events (ODEs) were observed at Barrow. Conversely, in over half of the instances where ODEs were observed at Barrow, no such events were recorded at Toolik Lake. The Lagrangian particle dispersion model FLEXPART was utilized to interpret the transport conditions and potential influence of oceanic air masses on depletion events observed at Toolik Lake. These analyses indicate that ODEs observed at Toolik Lake are correlated with depletion events observed at Barrow when the prevailing airflow is from the north and the air mass has spent substantial time over the Arctic Ocean or coast within the previous week. These observations suggest that coastal O-3 and GEM-depleted air masses are likely transported from the Arctic Ocean up to similar to 200 km inland and to at least an altitude of 700 m above sea level. These observations underscore that O-3 and GEM depletion events impact not just the Arctic coastal zone but also extensive inland areas with possible implications for the cycling and bioavailability of mercury (Hg) to inland Arctic ecosystems.
C1 [Van Dam, Brie; Helmig, Detlev] Univ Colorado, Inst Arctic & Alpine Res, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Burkhart, John F.] Norwegian Inst Air Res NILU, Kjeller, Norway.
[Burkhart, John F.] Univ Calif, Sierra Nevada Res Inst, Merced, CA USA.
[Obrist, Daniel] Univ Nevada, Desert Res Inst, Div Atmospher Sci, Reno, NV 89506 USA.
[Oltmans, Samuel J.] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Global Monitoring Div, Boulder, CO USA.
[Oltmans, Samuel J.] Univ Colorado, CIRES, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RP Helmig, D (reprint author), Campus Box 450, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
EM Detlev.Helmig@Colorado.edu
RI Burkhart, John/B-7095-2008;
OI Burkhart, John/0000-0002-5587-1693; Van Dam, Brie/0000-0003-4604-5215
FU National Science Foundation Office of Polar Programs [NSF-OPP-07-1399];
NSF LTER program; VAUUAV project of the Norwegian Research Council
[184724]
FX This research is funded by the National Science Foundation Office of
Polar Programs grant NSF-OPP-07-1399 and the NSF LTER program. The
authors would like to thank CH2MHill Polar Services and Polar Field
Services for logistical support, as well as the Toolik Field Station
staff for help with the experiment. J. Hueber, B. Seok, and P. Boylan
from INSTAAR at the University of Colorado, and M. Dziobak, C. Toro, and
L. Kramer from Michigan Technological University provided assistance
with the field project. Wind direction data used for comparison were
provided by the Toolik Field Station Environmental Data Center. Funding
for the FLEXPART analysis was provided through the VAUUAV project of the
Norwegian Research Council (#184724).
NR 48
TC 1
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 24
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-897X
EI 2169-8996
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.
PD APR 27
PY 2013
VL 118
IS 8
BP 3382
EP 3391
DI 10.1002/jgrd.50213
PG 10
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 155JQ
UT WOS:000319744200030
ER
PT J
AU Stephenson, AP
Schneider, JA
Nelson, BC
Atha, DH
Jain, A
Soliman, KFA
Aschner, M
Mazzio, E
Reams, RR
AF Stephenson, Adrienne P.
Schneider, Jeffrey A.
Nelson, Bryant C.
Atha, Donald H.
Jain, Ashok
Soliman, Karam F. A.
Aschner, Michael
Mazzio, Elizabeth
Reams, R. Renee
TI Manganese-induced oxidative DNA damage in neuronal SH-SY5Y cells:
Attenuation of thymine base lesions by glutathione and N-acetylcysteine
SO TOXICOLOGY LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE DNA damage; Oxidative stress; Manganese; SH-SY5Y cells; Antioxidants;
Thymine base
ID HUMAN NEUROBLASTOMA-CELLS; PARKINSONS-DISEASE; CATALYZED AUTOXIDATION;
SUPEROXIDE-DISMUTASE; BLASTOMA CELLS; PC12 CELLS; DOPAMINE;
NEUROTOXICITY; STRESS; EXPRESSION
AB Manganese (Mn) is an essential trace element required for normal function and development. However, exposure to this metal at elevated levels may cause manganism, a progressive neurodegenerative disorder with neurological symptoms similar to idiopathic Parkinson's disease (IPD). Elevated body burdens of Mn from exposure to parental nutrition, vapors in mines and smelters and welding fumes have been associated with neurological health concerns. The underlying mechanism of Mn neurotoxicity remains unclear. Accordingly, the present study was designed to investigate the toxic effects of Mn2+ in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells. Mn2+ caused a concentration dependent decrease in SH-SY5Y cellular viability compared to controls. The LD50 value was 12.98 mu M Mn2+ (p < 0.001 for control vs. 24 h Mn treatment). Both TUNEL and annexin V/propidium iodide (PI) apoptosis assays confirmed the induction of apoptosis in the cells following exposure to Mn2+ (2 mu M, 62 mu M or 125 mu M). In addition, Mn2+ induced both the formation and accumulation of DNA single strand breaks (via alkaline comet assay analysis) and oxidatively modified thymine bases (via gas chromatography/mass spectrometry analysis). Pre-incubation of the cells with characteristic antioxidants, either 1 mM N-acetylcysteine (NAC) or 1 mM glutathione (GSH) reduced the level of DNA strand breaks and the formation of thymine base lesions, suggesting protection against oxidative cellular damage. Our findings indicate that (1) exposure of SH-SY5Y cells to Mn promotes both the formation and accumulation of oxidative DNA damage, (2) SH-SY5Y cells with accumulated DNA damage are more likely to die via an apoptotic pathway and (3) the accumulated levels of DNA damage can be abrogated by the addition of exogenous chemical antioxidants. This is the first known report of Mn2+-induction and antioxidant protection of thymine lesions in this SH-SY5Y cell line and contributes new information to the potential use of antioxidants as a therapeutic strategy for protection against Mn2+-induced oxidative DNA damage. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Stephenson, Adrienne P.; Jain, Ashok; Soliman, Karam F. A.; Mazzio, Elizabeth; Reams, R. Renee] Florida A&M Univ, Coll Pharm & Pharmaceut Sci, Tallahassee, FL 32307 USA.
[Schneider, Jeffrey A.; Nelson, Bryant C.; Atha, Donald H.] NIST, Biosyst & Biomat Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Aschner, Michael] Vanderbilt Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Nashville, TN 37232 USA.
RP Stephenson, AP (reprint author), Florida A&M Univ, Coll Pharm & Pharmaceut Sci, Room 127 Dyson Bldg,1520 Martin Luther King Blvd, Tallahassee, FL 32307 USA.
EM adrienne.stephenson@fldoe.org; jschneid90@gmail.com;
bryant.nelson@nist.gov; donald.atha@nist.gov; ashok.jain@asurams.edu;
karam.soliman@famu.edu; michael.aschner@vanderbilt.edu;
Elizabeth.Mazzio@famu.edu; renee.reams@famu.edu
FU Association of Minority Health Professions Schools, Inc. (AMPHS); ATS/DR
[3U50TS473408-05W1/CFDA, 93.161]; NIEHS/ARCH [5S11ES01187-05]; NIEHS
[R01 ES10653]; Florida A&M University RCMI [2G12RR03020-25/NCRR/RCMI]
FX We are appreciative of support from the following funding agencies:
Association of Minority Health Professions Schools, Inc. (AMPHS) and the
ATS/DR Cooperative Agreement Number: 3U50TS473408-05W1/CFDA Number
93.161 (RRR) NIEHS/ARCH 5S11ES01187-05 (RRR) and NIEHS R01 ES10653 (MA).
Florida A&M University RCMI Grant # 2G12RR03020-25/NCRR/RCMI (KFAS).
NR 44
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U1 1
U2 30
PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD
PI CLARE
PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000,
IRELAND
SN 0378-4274
J9 TOXICOL LETT
JI Toxicol. Lett.
PD APR 26
PY 2013
VL 218
IS 3
BP 299
EP 307
DI 10.1016/j.toxlet.2012.12.024
PG 9
WC Toxicology
SC Toxicology
GA 114IQ
UT WOS:000316734700015
PM 23296100
ER
PT J
AU Sorte, EG
Bowman, RC
Majzoub, EH
Verkuijlen, MHW
Udovic, TJ
Conradi, MS
AF Sorte, Eric G.
Bowman, Robert C., Jr.
Majzoub, Eric H.
Verkuijlen, Margriet H. W.
Udovic, Terrence J.
Conradi, Mark S.
TI Mobile Species in NaAIH(4)
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C
LA English
DT Article
ID SOLID-STATE NMR; HYDROGEN STORAGE MATERIALS; X-RAY-DIFFRACTION; ALUMINUM
HYDRIDES; SODIUM ALANATE; DOPED NAALH4; MAS NMR; DEHYDROGENATION;
NA3ALH6; AL-27
AB Sodium alanate (NaAlH4) is the archetypical complex (ionic-covalent) hydride compound for hydrogen storage applications. However, the details of the reactions of this compound upon hydrogen cycling remain unclear. Recently, a new mobile aluminum containing species termed S105 was discovered in the hydrogen chemistry of sodium alanate using in situ NMR with S105 a likely facilitator of Al-atom transport in NaAlH4. Here, we find that hydroxide impurities play a crucial role in the formation of the mobile species. Specifically, in bare NaAlH4, S105 is present after melting (under sufficient hydrogen pressure to block the dehydriding reaction) only in samples either exposed to H2O vapor or mixed with metal hydroxides. We find that the Al-27 line position of S105 is close to that of NaAlH4 (after correcting for second-order quadrupole effects), indicating that S105 involves very mobile AlH4- tetrahedra (rotationally and translationally). We propose that hydroxide impurities promote fast diffusion of nearby AlH4- units, similar to enhanced motions seen in NaH; the hydroxides also react with NaAlH4 to form NaH and subsequently produce Na3AlH6, which is always found to accompany S105. Our measurements reveal that the only chemical components of S105-containing alanate apart from hydroxides are NaAlH4 and Na3AlH6. Presence of the S105 species in NaAlH4 samples also leads to faster dehydriding in hot, undoped NaAlH4 solid, pointing to an enhancement of the hydrogen reaction kinetics by S105.
C1 [Sorte, Eric G.; Conradi, Mark S.] Washington Univ, Dept Phys, St Louis, MO 63130 USA.
[Bowman, Robert C., Jr.] RCB Hydrides LLC, Franklin, OH 45005 USA.
[Majzoub, Eric H.] Univ Missouri, Ctr Nanosci, St Louis, MO 63121 USA.
[Majzoub, Eric H.] Univ Missouri, Dept Phys & Astron, St Louis, MO 63121 USA.
[Verkuijlen, Margriet H. W.] Radboud Univ Nijmegen, Inst Mol & Mat, NL-6525 AJ Nijmegen, Netherlands.
[Udovic, Terrence J.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Sorte, EG (reprint author), Washington Univ, Dept Phys, 1 Brookings Dr, St Louis, MO 63130 USA.
EM esorte@physics.wustl.edu; msc@wustl.edu
OI Sorte, Eric/0000-0002-5489-4762
FU DOE [DE-FG02-05ER46256]; NWO
FX We thank J. A. Surface for assistance with the Raman spectroscopy
measurements, J. Gao for synthesis of melt-infiltrated
NaAIH4/C, and D. Osborn and D. Zhao (both at UMSL) for help
in collecting the XRD data. We also thank J. J. Vajo and J. Graetz for
valuable conversations. The authors gratefully acknowledge support from
DOE Basic Energy Sciences Grant DE-FG02-05ER46256. The author M.H.W.V.
gratefully acknowledges support of NWO for the "Solid State NMR facility
for Advanced Materials Science" in Nijmegen.
NR 40
TC 13
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U1 1
U2 36
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1932-7447
J9 J PHYS CHEM C
JI J. Phys. Chem. C
PD APR 25
PY 2013
VL 117
IS 16
BP 8105
EP 8113
DI 10.1021/jp401134t
PG 9
WC Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science,
Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science
GA 134LH
UT WOS:000318211200019
ER
PT J
AU Carasso, AS
AF Carasso, Alfred S.
TI Hazardous Continuation Backward in Time in Nonlinear Parabolic
Equations, and an Experiment in Deblurring Nonlinearly Blurred Imagery
SO JOURNAL OF RESEARCH OF THE NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS AND
TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE advection dispersion equation; backward parabolic equations; hydrologic
inversion; image deblurring; ill-posed continuation; non-uniqueness; Van
Cittert iteration
ID POLLUTION SOURCE IDENTIFICATION; DIFFUSION
AB Identifying sources of ground water pollution, and deblurring nanoscale imagery as well as astronomical galaxy images, are two important applications involving numerical computation of parabolic equations backward in time. Surprisingly, very little is known about backward continuation in nonlinear parabolic equations. In this paper, an iterative procedure originating in spectroscopy in the 1930's, is adapted into a useful tool for solving a wide class of 2D nonlinear backward parabolic equations. In addition, previously unsuspected difficulties are uncovered that may preclude useful backward continuation in parabolic equations deviating too strongly from the linear, autonomous, self adjoint, canonical model.
This paper explores backward continuation in selected 2D nonlinear equations, by creating fictitious blurred images obtained by using several sharp images as initial data in these equations, and capturing the corresponding solutions at some positive time T. Successful backward continuation from t = T to t = 0, would recover the original sharp image. Visual recognition provides meaningful evaluation of the degree of success or failure in the reconstructed solutions.
Instructive examples are developed, illustrating the unexpected influence of certain types of nonlinearities. Visually and statistically indistinguishable blurred images are presented, with vastly different deblurring results. These examples indicate that how an image is nonlinearly blurred is critical, in addition to the amount of blur. The equations studied represent nonlinear generalizations of Brownian motion, and the blurred images may be interpreted as visually expressing the results of novel stochastic processes.
C1 NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Carasso, AS (reprint author), NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM alfred.carasso@nist.gov
NR 20
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 3
U2 8
PU US GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE
PI WASHINGTON
PA SUPERINTENDENT DOCUMENTS,, WASHINGTON, DC 20402-9325 USA
SN 1044-677X
J9 J RES NATL INST STAN
JI J. Res. Natl. Inst. Stand. Technol.
PD APR 24
PY 2013
VL 118
BP 199
EP 217
DI 10.6028/jres.118.010
PG 19
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics
GA 140WU
UT WOS:000318687900001
PM 26401430
ER
PT J
AU Yu, WM
Peri, SR
Akgun, B
Foster, MD
AF Yu, Wumin
Peri, Someswara R.
Akgun, Bulent
Foster, Mark D.
TI Manipulation of Polymer/Polymer Interface Width from Nonequilibrium
Deposition
SO ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
LA English
DT Article
DE solution coating; polyimide; polymer interface; peel test; neutron
reflectivity; fracture surface
ID IMMISCIBLE POLYMERS; ADHESION; FILMS; FRACTURE; PERVAPORATION;
ENTANGLEMENTS; DISSOLUTION; SEPARATION; MEMBRANES; VELOCITY
AB We demonstrate, using neutron reflectivity, that the width of a nonequilibrium interface between an organo-soluble aromatic polyimide film and triacetate cellulose (TAC) support film created by spin-coating or solution-casting can be broadened in a controllable way using a "swelling agent" in the deposition process. In a favorable case, the adhesion, as measured by T-peel tests, can be increased by a factor of 7 by adjustment of the solvent composition. The morphologies of the. TAC fractured surfaces after peeling tests measured by AFM reveal that broadening of the interfacial width causes an interconnected network in the interface, leading to a sharp increase in the interfacial adhesion. Differences in the chemistry (solubility) of the materials being deposited do make a difference in the effectiveness of this strategy of using a "swelling agent". For one polyimide, a 3-fold increase in adhesion can be obtained by optimizing the deposition temperature, but this approach for improving adhesion is less effective than that of adding "swelling agent". The formation of robust interfaces of this type is important because of the critical roles that multilayer films containing polymers with special properties and tailored structures play in applications as diverse as computer displays, photovoltaic devices, and polymeric electronics. The "swelling agent" strategy makes it possible to produce polymer multilayer structures in a cost-effective way with roll-to-roll mass production using direct solution coating.
C1 [Yu, Wumin; Peri, Someswara R.; Foster, Mark D.] Univ Akron, Dept Polymer Sci, Akron, OH 44325 USA.
[Akgun, Bulent] NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Akgun, Bulent] Univ Maryland, Dept Mat Scence & Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Akgun, Bulent] Bogazici Univ, Istanbul, Turkey.
RP Foster, MD (reprint author), Univ Akron, Dept Polymer Sci, 170 Univ Ave, Akron, OH 44325 USA.
EM mfoster@uakron.edu
RI Akgun, Bulent/H-3798-2011
FU Wright Center of Innovation; DURIP [W911NF-09-1-0122, W911NF-10-1-0167];
National Institute of Standards and Technology, U.S. Department of
Commerce
FX Research support from a Wright Center of Innovation Grant and DURIP
grants W911NF-09-1-0122 and W911NF-10-1-0167. We acknowledge support of
the National Institute of Standards and Technology, U.S. Department of
Commerce, in providing the neutron research facilities used in this
work. Commercial materials, instruments and equipment are identified in
this paper in order to specify the experimental procedure as completely
as possible. In no case does such identification imply a recommendation
or endorsement by the National Institute of Standards and Technology nor
does it imply that the materials, instruments, or equipment identified
are necessarily best available for the purpose.
NR 48
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U1 6
U2 37
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1944-8244
J9 ACS APPL MATER INTER
JI ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces
PD APR 24
PY 2013
VL 5
IS 8
BP 2976
EP 2984
DI 10.1021/am3022587
PG 9
WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science
GA 134JA
UT WOS:000318205000023
PM 23560512
ER
PT J
AU Lee, Y
Micheals, RJ
Filliben, JJ
Phillips, PJ
AF Lee, Yooyoung
Micheals, Ross J.
Filliben, James J.
Phillips, P. Jonathon
TI VASIR: An Open-Source Research Platform for Advanced Iris Recognition
Technologies
SO JOURNAL OF RESEARCH OF THE NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS AND
TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE benchmark; biometrics; feature extraction; image quality; iris
recognition; open-source; research platform; segmentation; VASIR
ID RAPID OBJECT DETECTION; FEATURES; CURVES
AB The performance of iris recognition systems is frequently affected by input image quality, which in turn is vulnerable to less-than-optimal conditions due to illuminations, environments, and subject characteristics (e. g., distance, movement, face/body visibility, blinking, etc.). VASIR (Video-based Automatic System for Iris Recognition) is a state-of-the-art NIST-developed iris recognition software platform designed to systematically address these vulnerabilities. We developed VASIR as a research tool that will not only provide a reference (to assess the relative performance of alternative algorithms) for the biometrics community, but will also advance (via this new emerging iris recognition paradigm) NIST's measurement mission. VASIR is designed to accommodate both ideal (e. g., classical still images) and less-than-ideal images (e. g., face-visible videos). VASIR has three primary modules: 1) Image Acquisition 2) Video Processing, and 3) Iris Recognition. Each module consists of several sub-components that have been optimized by use of rigorous orthogonal experiment design and analysis techniques. We evaluated VASIR performance using the MBGC (Multiple Biometric Grand Challenge) NIR (Near-Infrared) face-visible video dataset and the ICE (Iris Challenge Evaluation) 2005 still-based dataset. The results showed that even though VASIR was primarily developed and optimized for the less-constrained video case, it still achieved high verification rates for the traditional still-image case. For this reason, VASIR may be used as an effective baseline for the biometrics community to evaluate their algorithm performance, and thus serves as a valuable research platform.
C1 [Lee, Yooyoung; Micheals, Ross J.; Phillips, P. Jonathon] NIST, ITL, IAD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Filliben, James J.] NIST, ITL, SED, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Lee, Y (reprint author), NIST, ITL, IAD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM yooyoung.lee@nist.gov; ross.micheals@nist.gov; james.filliben@nist.gov;
jonathon.phillips@nist.gov
NR 44
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Z9 7
U1 2
U2 11
PU US GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE
PI WASHINGTON
PA SUPERINTENDENT DOCUMENTS,, WASHINGTON, DC 20402-9325 USA
SN 1044-677X
J9 J RES NATL INST STAN
JI J. Res. Natl. Inst. Stand. Technol.
PD APR 23
PY 2013
VL 118
BP 218
EP 259
DI 10.6028/jres.118.011
PG 42
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics
GA 140WW
UT WOS:000318688100001
PM 26401431
ER
PT J
AU Goldman, N
Dalibard, J
Dauphin, A
Gerbier, F
Lewenstein, M
Zoller, P
Spielman, IB
AF Goldman, Nathan
Dalibard, Jean
Dauphin, Alexandre
Gerbier, Fabrice
Lewenstein, Maciej
Zoller, Peter
Spielman, Ian B.
TI Direct imaging of topological edge states in cold-atom systems
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF
AMERICA
LA English
DT Article
DE optical lattices; degenerate atomic gases; quantum Hall effects; chiral
edge states
ID QUANTIZED HALL CONDUCTANCE; OPTICAL LATTICES; MAGNETIC-FIELDS; NEUTRAL
ATOMS; INSULATORS; GASES
AB Detecting topological order in cold-atom experiments is an ongoing challenge, the resolution of which offers novel perspectives on topological matter. In material systems, unambiguous signatures of topological order exist for topological insulators and quantum Hall devices. In quantum Hall systems, the quantized conductivity and the associated robust propagating edge modes-guaranteed by the existence of nontrivial topological invariants-have been observed through transport and spectroscopy measurements. Here, we show that optical-lattice-based experiments can be tailored to directly visualize the propagation of topological edge modes. Our method is rooted in the unique capability for initially shaping the atomic gas and imaging its time evolution after suddenly removing the shaping potentials. Our scheme, applicable to an assortment of atomic topological phases, provides a method for imaging the dynamics of topological edge modes, directly revealing their angular velocity and spin structure.
C1 [Goldman, Nathan; Dauphin, Alexandre] Univ Libre Brussels, Ctr Nonlinear Phenomena & Complex Syst, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
[Dalibard, Jean; Gerbier, Fabrice] Univ Paris 06, Ecole Normale Super, Ctr Natl Rech Sci, Lab Kastler Brossel, F-75005 Paris, France.
[Dalibard, Jean] Coll France, F-75005 Paris, France.
[Dauphin, Alexandre] Univ Complutense, Dept Fis Teor, E-28040 Madrid, Spain.
[Lewenstein, Maciej] ICFO Inst Ciencies Foton, Barcelona 08860, Spain.
[Lewenstein, Maciej] ICREA Inst Catalana Recerca & Estudis Avancats, Barcelona 08010, Spain.
[Zoller, Peter] Austrian Acad Sci, Inst Quantum Opt & Quantum Informat, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
[Zoller, Peter] Univ Innsbruck, Inst Theoret Phys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
[Spielman, Ian B.] NIST, Joint Quantum Inst, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Spielman, Ian B.] Univ Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Goldman, N (reprint author), Univ Libre Brussels, Ctr Nonlinear Phenomena & Complex Syst, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
EM ngoldman@ulb.ac.be
RI Zoller, Peter/O-1639-2014; Dauphin, Alexandre/P-5999-2014; Lewenstein,
Maciej/I-1337-2014; Gerbier, Fabrice/A-9813-2008; Dalibard,
Jean/M-5648-2015
OI Zoller, Peter/0000-0003-4014-1505; Dauphin,
Alexandre/0000-0003-4996-2561; Lewenstein, Maciej/0000-0002-0210-7800;
Dalibard, Jean/0000-0001-8469-3913
FU Fonds de la Recherche Scientifique (FNRS Belgium); Agence Nationale de
la Recherche (ANR) via the project AGAFON (Artificial gauge fields on
neutral atoms); European Research Council (ERC) project Quantum Gauge
Theories and Ultracold Atoms (QUAGATUA); Emergences program (Ville de
Paris and Universite Pierre et Marie Curie); ERC; integrated project
AQUTE; Austrian Science Fund through Spezialforschungsbereich (SFB) [F40
FOQUS]; Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) Optical
Lattice Emulator (OLE) program; National Science Foundation (NSF)
through the Physics Frontier Center at Joint Quantum Institute (JQI);
Army Research Office (ARO); Atomtronics Multidisciplinary University
Research Initiative (MURI); DARPA OLE Program
FX We thank J. Beugnon, I. Bloch, G. Bulnes Cuetara, M. Muller, and S.
Nascimbene for discussions. This work was supported by the Fonds de la
Recherche Scientifique (FNRS Belgium), Agence Nationale de la Recherche
(ANR) via the project AGAFON (Artificial gauge fields on neutral atoms),
European Research Council (ERC) project Quantum Gauge Theories and
Ultracold Atoms (QUAGATUA), the Emergences program (Ville de Paris and
Universite Pierre et Marie Curie), and ERC Many-Body physics in gauge
fields with ultracold Yb atoms in optical lattices (ManyBo) Starting
Grant. Work at Innsbruck is supported by the integrated project AQUTE,
the Austrian Science Fund through Spezialforschungsbereich (SFB) F40
FOQUS, and by the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA)
Optical Lattice Emulator (OLE) program. I. B. S. acknowledges the
financial support of the National Science Foundation (NSF) through the
Physics Frontier Center at Joint Quantum Institute (JQI) and the Army
Research Office (ARO) with funds from both the Atomtronics
Multidisciplinary University Research Initiative (MURI) and DARPA OLE
Program.
NR 36
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U1 1
U2 38
PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA
SN 0027-8424
J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA
JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A.
PD APR 23
PY 2013
VL 110
IS 17
BP 6736
EP 6741
DI 10.1073/pnas.1300170110
PG 6
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 140TE
UT WOS:000318677300039
PM 23569266
ER
PT J
AU Heeger, KM
Tobin, MN
Littlejohn, BR
Mumm, HP
AF Heeger, K. M.
Tobin, M. N.
Littlejohn, B. R.
Mumm, H. P.
TI Experimental parameters for a reactor antineutrino experiment at very
short baselines
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D
LA English
DT Article
ID NEUTRON FISSION-PRODUCTS; OSCILLATIONS; SPECTRA; SEARCH
AB Reactor antineutrinos are used to study neutrino oscillation, search for signatures of nonstandard neutrino interactions, and monitor reactor operation for safeguard applications. The flux and energy spectrum of reactor antineutrinos can be predicted from the decays of the nuclear fission products. A comparison of recent reactor calculations with past measurements at baselines of 10-100 m suggests a 7.2% deficit. Precision measurements of reactor antineutrinos at very short baselines O(1-10 m) can be used to probe this anomaly and search for possible oscillations into sterile neutrino species. This paper studies the experimental requirements for a new reactor antineutrino measurement at very short baselines and calculates the sensitivity of various scenarios. We conclude that, given proper site optimization, detector design, and background reduction, an experiment at a typical research reactor can provide 5 sigma discovery potential for the favored oscillation parameter space with 3 years of detector live time. DOI:10.1103/PhysRevD.87.073008
C1 [Heeger, K. M.; Tobin, M. N.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[Littlejohn, B. R.] Univ Cincinnati, Dept Phys, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA.
[Mumm, H. P.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Heeger, KM (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
EM littlebh@uc.edu
FU Department of Energy, Office of High Energy Physics [DE-FG02-95ER40896,
DE-FG02-84ER-40153]; University of Wisconsin; Alfred P. Sloan Foundation
FX We thank Henry Band, Jeff Cherwinka, Randy Johnson, Walter Pettus, and
Thierry Lasserre for useful discussions and comments. This work was
prepared with support from the Department of Energy, Office of High
Energy Physics, under Grants No. DE-FG02-95ER40896 and No.
DE-FG02-84ER-40153, the University of Wisconsin, and the Alfred P. Sloan
Foundation.
NR 55
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 4
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 2470-0010
EI 2470-0029
J9 PHYS REV D
JI Phys. Rev. D
PD APR 23
PY 2013
VL 87
IS 7
AR 073008
DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.87.073008
PG 18
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics
GA 130KA
UT WOS:000317912600002
ER
PT J
AU Hou, HC
Kirby, BJ
Gao, KZ
Lai, CH
AF Hou, H. -C.
Kirby, B. J.
Gao, K. Z.
Lai, C. -H.
TI Characterizing formation of interfacial domain wall and exchange
coupling strength in laminated exchange coupled composites
SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID WOHLFARTH SWITCHING FIELDS; RECORDING MEDIA; REVERSAL; PARTICLE; MAGNETS
AB We have studied the N-dependent switching behavior of composite magnets, comprised of a hard CoPtCr-SiO2 (CPCS) film and a laminated soft [Pt/CPCS](N) multilayer. First order reversal curve magnetometry provides evidence of interfacial domain wall (iDW) assisted reversal for N >= 5. The magnetic depth profiles determined from polarized neutron reflectometry (PNR) explicitly demonstrate that the composite magnets are more rigidly coupled for N = 3 than for N = 7, and suggest that for N = 7 reversal occurs via formation of iDW. By fitting the PNR profile into the energy surface calculations, we can further deduce the vertical coupling strength in the laminated soft layer. (C) 2013 AIP Publishing LLC [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4803038]
C1 [Hou, H. -C.; Lai, C. -H.] Natl Tsing Hua Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan.
[Kirby, B. J.] NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Gao, K. Z.] Seagate Technol, Bloomington, MN 55435 USA.
RP Lai, CH (reprint author), Natl Tsing Hua Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan.
EM chlai@mx.nthu.edu.tw
FU National Science Council of Republic of China [NSC-101-2221-E-007-049];
Hsinchu Science Park of Republic of China [101A16]
FX This research was supported by National Science Council of Republic of
China under Grant No. NSC-101-2221-E-007-049 and the Hsinchu Science
Park of Republic of China under Grant No. 101A16. We acknowledge use of
the facilities at the Lujan Neutron Scattering Center at Los Alamos
National Laboratory.
NR 24
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 2
U2 35
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0003-6951
J9 APPL PHYS LETT
JI Appl. Phys. Lett.
PD APR 22
PY 2013
VL 102
IS 16
AR 162408
DI 10.1063/1.4803038
PG 5
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 135ED
UT WOS:000318269300052
ER
PT J
AU Levin, I
Krayzman, V
Woicik, JC
AF Levin, Igor
Krayzman, Victor
Woicik, Joseph C.
TI Local-structure origins of the sustained Curie temperature in
(Ba,Ca)TiO3 ferroelectrics
SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID PHASE-TRANSITIONS; BATIO3; EQUILIBRIA; KNBO3
AB While the lattice volume in the solid-solution Ba1-xCaxTiO3 decreases with increasing x, the Curie temperature remains unaffected, in contrast to Ba1-xSrxTiO3. We have determined the origin of this phenomenon by comparing the local structures in (Ba,Ca)TiO3 and (Ba,Sr)TiO3. Reverse Monte Carlo refinements of instantaneous atomic positions using simultaneous fitting of multiple types of experimental data (neutron total scattering, X-ray absorption fine structure, patterns of diffuse scattering in electron diffraction) reveal both ferroelectric Ca displacements and their amplification of the Ti off-centering, which mitigate the lattice-volume effects. The activity of Ca is triggered by the anomalously strained Ca-O bonds. (C) 2013 AIP Publishing LLC [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4802996]
C1 [Levin, Igor; Krayzman, Victor; Woicik, Joseph C.] NIST, Mat Measurement Sci Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Krayzman, Victor] Univ Maryland, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
RP Levin, I (reprint author), NIST, Mat Measurement Sci Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
FU Department of Energy Office of Basic Energy Sciences; DOE
[DE-AC52-06NA25396]; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science,
Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-98CH10886]
FX This work has benefited from the use of the Lujan Center at Los Alamos
Neutron Science Center, funded by the Department of Energy Office of
Basic Energy Sciences. Los Alamos National Laboratory is operated by Los
Alamos National Security LLC under DOE Contract No. DE-AC52-06NA25396.
Portions of this research were carried out at the (i) Stanford
Synchrotron Radiation Lights Source, a Directorate of the SLAC National
Accelerator Laboratory and an Office of Science User Facility operated
for the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science by Stanford
University and (ii) National Synchrotron Light Source (NIST beamline
X23A2), Brookhaven National Laboratory, supported by the U.S. Department
of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under
Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886. The authors are grateful to J. Siewenie
(LANL) and E. Nelson (SSRL) for their technical assistance with the
neutron scattering and X-ray absorption measurements, respectively.
NR 24
TC 31
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U1 3
U2 74
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0003-6951
J9 APPL PHYS LETT
JI Appl. Phys. Lett.
PD APR 22
PY 2013
VL 102
IS 16
AR 162906
DI 10.1063/1.4802996
PG 5
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 135ED
UT WOS:000318269300064
ER
PT J
AU Lahiri, B
McMeekin, SG
De La Rue, RM
Johnson, NP
AF Lahiri, Basudev
McMeekin, Scott G.
De La Rue, Richard M.
Johnson, Nigel P.
TI Enhanced Fano resonance of organic material films deposited on arrays of
asymmetric split-ring resonators (A-SRRs)
SO OPTICS EXPRESS
LA English
DT Article
ID METAMATERIALS; SPECTROSCOPY
AB Depositing very thin organic films on the surface of arrays of asymmetric split-ring resonators (A-SRRs) produces a shift in their resonance spectra that can be utilized for sensitive analyte detection. Here we show that when poly-methyl-methacrylate (PMMA) is used as an organic probe (analyte) on top of the A-SRR array, the phase and amplitude of a characteristic molecular Fano resonance associated with a carbonyl bond changes according to the spectral positions of the trapped mode resonance of the A-SRRs and their plasmonic reflection peaks. Furthermore, we localize blocks of PMMA at different locations on the A-SRR array to determine the effectiveness of detection of very small amounts of non-uniformly distributed analyte. (C) 2013 Optical Society of America
C1 [Lahiri, Basudev; De La Rue, Richard M.; Johnson, Nigel P.] Univ Glasgow, Sch Engn, Glasgow G12 8LT, Lanark, Scotland.
[McMeekin, Scott G.] Glasgow Caledonian Univ, Sch Engn & Built Environm, Glasgow G4 0BA, Lanark, Scotland.
RP Lahiri, B (reprint author), NIST, Ctr Nanoscale Sci & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM scott.mcmeekin@gcu.ac.uk
RI De La Rue, Richard/A-8202-2012; Lahiri, Basudev/I-5554-2016
FU European Commission through ECONAM; COST action [MP0702]
FX We acknowledge support from the European Commission through ECONAM and
the COST action MP0702 - and the staff and facilities of the James Watt
Nanofabrication Centre at the University of Glasgow. We also acknowledge
the use of FTIR spectrometer provided by Dr. M. Jarvis.
NR 18
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 2
U2 49
PU OPTICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1094-4087
J9 OPT EXPRESS
JI Opt. Express
PD APR 22
PY 2013
VL 21
IS 8
BP 9343
EP 9352
DI 10.1364/OE.21.009343
PG 10
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA 133PP
UT WOS:000318151600016
PM 23609645
ER
PT J
AU Huber, T
Predojevic, A
Zoubi, H
Jayakumar, H
Solomon, GS
Weihs, G
AF Huber, Tobias
Predojevic, Ana
Zoubi, Hashem
Jayakumar, Harishankar
Solomon, Glenn S.
Weihs, Gregor
TI Measurement and modification of biexciton-exciton time correlations
SO OPTICS EXPRESS
LA English
DT Article
ID ENTANGLED PHOTON PAIRS; SINGLE QUANTUM-DOT; SPONTANEOUS EMISSION;
MICROCAVITY; COMMUNICATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; ENHANCEMENT; REPEATERS
AB Photons which are generated in a two-photon cascade process have an underlying time correlation since the spontaneous emission of the upper level populates the intermediate state. This correlation leads to a reduction of the purity of the photon emitted from the intermediate state. Here we characterize this time correlation for the biexciton-exciton cascade of an InAs/GaAs quantum dot. We show that the correlation can be reduced by tuning the biexciton transition in resonance to a planar distributed Bragg reflector cavity. The enhanced and inhibited emission into the cavity accelerates the biexciton emission and slows down the exciton emission thus reduces the correlation and increases the purity of the exciton photon. This is essential for schemes like creating time-bin entangled photon pairs from quantum dot systems. (c) 2013 Optical Society of America
C1 [Huber, Tobias; Predojevic, Ana; Zoubi, Hashem; Jayakumar, Harishankar; Weihs, Gregor] Univ Innsbruck, Inst Expt Phys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
[Zoubi, Hashem] Univ Innsbruck, Inst Theoret Phys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
[Solomon, Glenn S.] NIST, Joint Quantum Inst, Gaithersburg, MD 20849 USA.
[Solomon, Glenn S.] Univ Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20849 USA.
[Weihs, Gregor] Univ Waterloo, Inst Quantum Comp, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada.
RP Huber, T (reprint author), Univ Innsbruck, Inst Expt Phys, Tech Str 25, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
EM tobias.huber@uibk.ac.at
RI Predojevic, Ana/D-5884-2014; Weihs, Gregor/G-2564-2013
OI Predojevic, Ana/0000-0003-1840-0830; Weihs, Gregor/0000-0003-2260-3008
FU European Research Council (project EnSeNa); Canadian Institute for
Advanced Research through its Quantum Information Processing program;
Austrian Science Fund (FWF) through Lise Meitner Postdoctoral Fellowship
[M-1243]; Physics Frontier Center at the Joint Quantum Institute
(PFC@JQI)
FX This work was funded by the European Research Council (project EnSeNa)
and the Canadian Institute for Advanced Research through its Quantum
Information Processing program. A.P. would like to thank the Austrian
Science Fund (FWF) for the support provided through Lise Meitner
Postdoctoral Fellowship M-1243. G.S.S. acknowledges partial support
through the Physics Frontier Center at the Joint Quantum Institute
(PFC@JQI).
NR 34
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 25
PU OPTICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1094-4087
J9 OPT EXPRESS
JI Opt. Express
PD APR 22
PY 2013
VL 21
IS 8
BP 9890
EP 9898
DI 10.1364/OE.21.009890
PG 9
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA 133PP
UT WOS:000318151600065
PM 23609694
ER
PT J
AU Goldschmidt, EA
Beavan, SE
Polyakov, SV
Migdall, AL
Sellars, MJ
AF Goldschmidt, E. A.
Beavan, S. E.
Polyakov, S. V.
Migdall, A. L.
Sellars, M. J.
TI Storage and retrieval of collective excitations on a long-lived spin
transition in a rare-earth ion-doped crystal
SO OPTICS EXPRESS
LA English
DT Article
ID ELECTROMAGNETICALLY INDUCED TRANSPARENCY; QUANTUM MEMORY; ATOMIC
ENSEMBLES; COMMUNICATION
AB Robust, long-lived optical quantum memories are important components of many quantum information and communication protocols. We demonstrate coherent generation, storage, and retrieval of excitations on a long-lived spin transition via spontaneous Raman scattering in a rare-earth ion-doped crystal. We further study the time dynamics of the optical correlations in this system. This is the first demonstration of its kind in a solid and an enabling step toward realizing a solid-state quantum repeater. (c) 2013 Optical Society of America
C1 [Goldschmidt, E. A.; Beavan, S. E.; Polyakov, S. V.; Migdall, A. L.] NIST, Joint Quantum Inst, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Goldschmidt, E. A.; Beavan, S. E.; Sellars, M. J.] Australian Natl Univ, Ctr Quantum Computat & Commun Technol, RSPE, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia.
RP Goldschmidt, EA (reprint author), NIST, Joint Quantum Inst, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM egolds@nist.gov
RI Sellars, Matthew/J-3130-2014;
OI Sellars, Matthew/0000-0002-0502-0444; Goldschmidt,
Elizabeth/0000-0002-6553-9731
FU Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Quantum Computation
and Communication Technology [CE110001029]
FX S.E.B. and M.J.S. would like to acknowledge the Australian Research
Council Centre of Excellence for Quantum Computation and Communication
Technology (Project No. CE110001029)
NR 25
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 3
U2 24
PU OPTICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1094-4087
J9 OPT EXPRESS
JI Opt. Express
PD APR 22
PY 2013
VL 21
IS 8
BP 10087
EP 10094
DI 10.1364/OE.21.010087
PG 8
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA 133PP
UT WOS:000318151600084
PM 23609713
ER
PT J
AU Malherbe, J
Claverie, F
AF Malherbe, J.
Claverie, F.
TI Toward chromium speciation in solids using wavelength dispersive X-ray
fluorescence spectrometry Cr K beta lines
SO ANALYTICA CHIMICA ACTA
LA English
DT Article
DE Hexavalent chromium; WD-XRF; Speciation; K beta transition
ID NEAR-EDGE STRUCTURE; TRANSITION ENERGIES; EMISSION SPECTRA;
SPECTROSCOPY; INTENSITIES; ENVIRONMENT; DEPENDENCE; OXIDES; SOILS
AB The determination of chromium speciation in solid samples is critical for environmental and industrial purposes. Several analytical methods exist to perform such a determination either directly in solid state or liquid state after an extraction step, each of them having some limitations. In this study, the use of a high-resolution wavelength-dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometer to determine and quantify chromium species is investigated by looking at the differences in the K beta transition profiles between Cr(0), Cr(III) and Cr(VI) compounds. Three different approaches were tested and compared to determine the Cr(VI) fraction of known mixtures: relative height and peak fitting using calibration mixtures, partial least square regression (PLS) of pure compounds, and principal component regression (PCR) of pure compounds. The accuracy of these methods was found to be about the same with an average relative error in the range of 15%. However, PLS and PCR can be easily implemented in an automated way contrary to peak fitting which can be sometimes perceived as analyst-dependant. Another advantage of using PLS and PCR is that information concerning the other oxidation states present in the sample can be retrieved. Finally, PLS and the peak height approach can be used up to 0.5% total chromium which make the XRF an alternative technique to X-ray induced photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) for chromium speciation in solid state. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Malherbe, J.; Claverie, F.] NIST, Chem Sci & Technol Lab, Div Analyt Chem, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Malherbe, J (reprint author), NIST, Chem Sci & Technol Lab, Div Analyt Chem, 100 Bur Dr,Stop 8391, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM malherbe_julien@yahoo.fr
NR 37
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 0
U2 38
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0003-2670
J9 ANAL CHIM ACTA
JI Anal. Chim. Acta
PD APR 22
PY 2013
VL 773
BP 37
EP 44
DI 10.1016/j.aca.2013.02.035
PG 8
WC Chemistry, Analytical
SC Chemistry
GA 128WO
UT WOS:000317800600004
PM 23561904
ER
PT J
AU Warring, U
Ospelkaus, C
Colombe, Y
Jordens, R
Leibfried, D
Wineland, DJ
AF Warring, U.
Ospelkaus, C.
Colombe, Y.
Joerdens, R.
Leibfried, D.
Wineland, D. J.
TI Individual-Ion Addressing with Microwave Field Gradients
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID TRAPPED ATOMIC IONS; QUANTUM; MICROMOTION; STATES
AB Individual-qubit addressing is a prerequisite for many instances of quantum information processing. We demonstrate this capability on trapped-ion qubits with microwave near fields delivered by electrode structures integrated into a microfabricated surface-electrode trap. We describe four approaches that may be used in quantum information experiments with hyperfine levels as qubits. We implement individual control on two Mg-25(+) ions separated by 4.3 mu m and find spin-flip crosstalk errors on the order of 10(-3). DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.110.173002
C1 [Warring, U.; Ospelkaus, C.; Colombe, Y.; Joerdens, R.; Leibfried, D.; Wineland, D. J.] NIST, Div Time & Frequency, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Ospelkaus, C.] Leibniz Univ Hannover, QUEST, D-30167 Hannover, Germany.
[Ospelkaus, C.] PTB, D-38116 Braunschweig, Germany.
RP Warring, U (reprint author), Univ Freiburg, Inst Phys, Hermann Herder Str 3, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany.
EM ulrich.warring@physik.uni-freiburg.de; dil@boulder.nist.gov
RI Ospelkaus, Christian/C-3612-2009;
OI Ospelkaus, Christian/0000-0002-4170-2936; Jordens,
Robert/0000-0001-5333-0562
FU IARPA; ARO [EAO139840]; ONR; DARPA; Sandia National Laboratories; NIST
Quantum Information Program
FX We thank K. R. Brown and J. M. Amini for their support in designing and
building parts of the apparatus, and S. M. Brewer and J. Britton for
helpful comments on the manuscript. This work was supported by IARPA,
ARO Contract No. EAO139840, ONR, DARPA, Sandia National Laboratories,
and the NIST Quantum Information Program.
NR 40
TC 21
Z9 21
U1 1
U2 25
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0031-9007
J9 PHYS REV LETT
JI Phys. Rev. Lett.
PD APR 22
PY 2013
VL 110
IS 17
AR 173002
DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.110.173002
PG 5
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 129CK
UT WOS:000317815800007
PM 23679718
ER
PT J
AU She, CX
Bryant, GW
Demortiere, A
Shevchenko, EV
Pelton, M
AF She, Chunxing
Bryant, Garnett W.
Demortiere, Arnaud
Shevchenko, Elena V.
Pelton, Matthew
TI Controlling the spatial location of photoexcited electrons in
semiconductor CdSe/CdS core/shell nanorods
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID QUANTUM DOTS; ENERGY-RELAXATION; PHONON BOTTLENECK; CARRIER DYNAMICS;
SEEDED GROWTH; BAND OFFSETS; NANOCRYSTALS; HETEROSTRUCTURES; MECHANISM;
ROD
AB It is commonly assumed that after an electron-hole pair is created in a semiconductor by absorption of a photon the electron and hole rapidly relax to their respective lowest-energy states before recombining with one another. In semiconductor heterostructure nanocrystals, however, intraband relaxation can be inhibited to the point where recombination occurs primarily from an excited state. We demonstrate this effect using time-resolved optical measurements of CdSe/CdS core/shell nanorods. For nanorods with large CdSe cores, an electron photoexcited into the lowest-energy state in the core remains in the core, and an electron photoexcited into an excited state in the CdS shell remains in the shell, until the electron recombines with the hole. This provides a means of controlling the spatial location of photoexcited electrons by excitation energy. The control over electron localization is explained in terms of slow relaxation into the lowest-energy electron state in the nanorods, on time scales slower than electron-hole recombination. The observation of inhibited relaxation suggests that a simple picture of band alignment is insufficient for understanding charge separation in semiconductor heterostructures. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevB.87.155427
C1 [She, Chunxing; Demortiere, Arnaud; Shevchenko, Elena V.; Pelton, Matthew] Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Nanoscale Mat, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Bryant, Garnett W.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Quantum Measurement Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Bryant, Garnett W.] Joint Quantum Inst, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP She, CX (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Nanoscale Mat, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RI Pelton, Matthew/H-7482-2013; She, Chunxing/A-1839-2010
OI Pelton, Matthew/0000-0002-6370-8765; She, Chunxing/0000-0003-0598-6545
FU US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy
Sciences, [DE-AC02-06CH11357]
FX We thank S. B. Darling, D. H. Potterveld, and R. J. Holt for initiating
the project that led to this work, M. S. Hybersten for helpful
discussions, and D. Gosztola for assistance with transient-absorption
measurements. Use of the Center for Nanoscale Materials was supported by
the US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy
Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. Any mention of product
names in this paper is solely to specify how the work was done and does
not constitute endorsement or validation by NIST.
NR 48
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 1
U2 53
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1098-0121
EI 1550-235X
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD APR 22
PY 2013
VL 87
IS 15
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.87.155427
PG 8
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 129FG
UT WOS:000317823800008
ER
PT J
AU Boone, CT
Nembach, HT
Shaw, JM
Silva, TJ
AF Boone, C. T.
Nembach, Hans T.
Shaw, Justin M.
Silva, T. J.
TI Spin transport parameters in metallic multilayers determined by
ferromagnetic resonance measurements of spin-pumping
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID MEMORY LOSS; PD; INTERFACES; FILMS
AB We measured spin-transport in nonferromagnetic (NM) metallic multilayers from the contribution to damping due to spin pumping from a ferromagnetic Co90Fe10 thin film. The multilayer stack consisted of NM1/NM2/Co90Fe10(2 nm)/NM2/NM3 with varying NM materials and thicknesses. Using conventional theory for one-dimensional diffusive spin transport in metals, we show that the effective damping due to spin pumping can be strongly affected by the spin transport properties of each NM in the multilayer, which permits the use of damping measurements to accurately determine the spin transport properties of the various NM layers in the full five-layer stack. We find that due to its high electrical resistivity, amorphous Ta is a poor spin conductor, in spite of a short spin-diffusion length of 1.0 nm, and that Pt is an excellent spin conductor by virtue of its low electrical resistivity and a spin diffusion length of only 0.5 nm. Spin Hall effect measurements may have underestimated the spin Hall angle in Pt by assuming a much longer spin diffusion length.
C1 [Boone, C. T.; Nembach, Hans T.; Shaw, Justin M.; Silva, T. J.] NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Boone, CT (reprint author), NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RI Shaw, Justin/C-1845-2008; Silva, Thomas/C-7605-2013
OI Shaw, Justin/0000-0003-2027-1521; Silva, Thomas/0000-0001-8164-9642
NR 39
TC 46
Z9 46
U1 1
U2 62
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-8979
J9 J APPL PHYS
JI J. Appl. Phys.
PD APR 21
PY 2013
VL 113
IS 15
AR 153906
DI 10.1063/1.4801799
PG 6
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 134YJ
UT WOS:000318251400035
ER
PT J
AU Chung, TF
Shen, T
Cao, HL
Jauregui, LA
Wu, W
Yu, QK
Newell, D
Chen, YP
AF Chung, Ting Fung
Shen, Tian
Cao, Helin
Jauregui, Luis A.
Wu, Wei
Yu, Qingkai
Newell, David
Chen, Yong P.
TI SYNTHETIC GRAPHENE GROWN BY CHEMICAL VAPOR DEPOSITION ON COPPER FOILS
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MODERN PHYSICS B
LA English
DT Article
DE CVD graphene; atmospheric pressure CVD growth; copper foil; Raman
scattering; electronic transport
ID MONOLAYER GRAPHENE; RAMAN-SPECTROSCOPY; BILAYER GRAPHENE;
GRAIN-BOUNDARIES; LAYER GRAPHENE; SINGLE-LAYER; FILMS; SEGREGATION;
PHOTODIODES; TRANSPORT
AB The discovery of graphene, a single layer of covalently bonded carbon atoms, has attracted intense interest. Initial studies using mechanically exfoliated graphene unveiled its remarkable electronic, mechanical and thermal properties. There has been a growing need and rapid development in large-area deposition of graphene film and its applications. Chemical vapor deposition on copper has emerged as one of the most promising methods in obtaining large-scale graphene films with quality comparable to exfoliated graphene. In this paper, we review the synthesis and characterizations of graphene grown on copper foil substrates by atmospheric pressure chemical vapor deposition. We also discuss potential applications of such large-scale synthetic graphene.
C1 [Chung, Ting Fung; Shen, Tian; Cao, Helin; Chen, Yong P.] Purdue Univ, Dept Phys, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
[Jauregui, Luis A.; Chen, Yong P.] Sch Elect & Comp Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
[Chung, Ting Fung; Cao, Helin; Jauregui, Luis A.; Chen, Yong P.] Purdue Univ, Birck Nanotechnol Ctr, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
[Wu, Wei] Univ Houston, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Houston, TX 77204 USA.
[Yu, Qingkai] SW Texas State Univ, Engn & Commercializat Program, Ingram Sch Engn & Mat Sci, San Marcos, TX 78666 USA.
[Newell, David] NIST, Phys Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Chen, YP (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Dept Phys, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
EM yongchen@purdue.edu
RI Cao, Helin/G-5521-2012; Chen, Yong/K-7017-2012; Chung, Ting
Fung/N-8840-2014
OI Chen, Yong/0000-0002-7356-4179; Chung, Ting Fung/0000-0003-1359-4824
FU NSF; NIST; DTRA
FX We acknowledge partial support from NSF, NIST and DTRA for our synthetic
graphene research.
NR 81
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 4
U2 124
PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD
PI SINGAPORE
PA 5 TOH TUCK LINK, SINGAPORE 596224, SINGAPORE
SN 0217-9792
J9 INT J MOD PHYS B
JI Int. J. Mod. Phys. B
PD APR 20
PY 2013
VL 27
IS 10
SI SI
AR 1341002
DI 10.1142/S0217979213410026
PG 14
WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter; Physics, Mathematical
SC Physics
GA 133YI
UT WOS:000318176400003
ER
PT J
AU Polovina, JJ
Woodworth-Jefcoats, PA
AF Polovina, Jeffrey J.
Woodworth-Jefcoats, Phoebe A.
TI Fishery-Induced Changes in the Subtropical Pacific Pelagic Ecosystem
Size Structure: Observations and Theory
SO PLOS ONE
LA English
DT Article
ID MARINE ECOSYSTEMS; BODY-SIZE; COMMUNITIES; PREDATORS; ABUNDANCE;
DYNAMICS; SHARKS; SCALE; OCEAN
AB We analyzed a 16-year (1996-2011) time series of catch and effort data for 23 species with mean weights ranging from 0.8 kg to 224 kg, recorded by observers in the Hawaii-based deep-set longline fishery. Over this time period, domestic fishing effort, as numbers of hooks set in the core Hawaii-based fishing ground, has increased fourfold. The standardized aggregated annual catch rate for 9 small (<15 kg) species increased about 25% while for 14 large species (>15 kg) it decreased about 50% over the 16-year period. A size-based ecosystem model for the subtropical Pacific captures this pattern well as a response to increased fishing effort. Further, the model projects a decline in the abundance of fishes larger than 15 kg results in an increase in abundance of animals from 0.1 to 15 kg but with minimal subsequent cascade to sizes smaller than 0.1 kg. These results suggest that size-based predation plays a key role in structuring the subtropical ecosystem. These changes in ecosystem size structure show up in the fishery in various ways. The non-commercial species lancetfish (mean weight 7 kg) has now surpassed the target species, bigeye tuna, as the species with the highest annual catch rate. Based on the increase in snake mackerel (mean weight 0.8 kg) and lancetfish catches, the discards in the fishery are estimated to have increased from 30 to 40% of the total catch.
C1 [Polovina, Jeffrey J.; Woodworth-Jefcoats, Phoebe A.] NOAA Fisheries, Pacific Isl Fisheries Sci Ctr, Honolulu, HI USA.
RP Polovina, JJ (reprint author), NOAA Fisheries, Pacific Isl Fisheries Sci Ctr, Honolulu, HI USA.
EM jeffrey.polovina@noaa.gov
NR 27
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 2
U2 24
PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA
SN 1932-6203
J9 PLOS ONE
JI PLoS One
PD APR 19
PY 2013
VL 8
IS 4
AR e62341
DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0062341
PG 8
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 130JA
UT WOS:000317909500105
PM 23620824
ER
PT J
AU Bruno, TJ
Nichols, JE
AF Bruno, Thomas J.
Nichols, Jessica E.
TI Method and apparatus for pyrolysis-Porous layer open tubular
column-Cryoadsorption headspace sampling and analysis
SO JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY A
LA English
DT Article
DE Headspace analysis; Gas chromatography; PLOT-cryoadsorption; Pyrolysis
ID FUEL OXYGENATE ADDITIVES; DISTILLATION CURVE METHOD; VOLATILE
ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS; DIESEL FUEL; GAS-CHROMATOGRAPHY; ACTIVE ODORANTS;
AROMA COMPOUNDS; SWEET WINES; VORTEX TUBE; RED WINES
AB In previous work, dynamic headspace vapor collection on short, porous layer open tubular (PLOT) capillary columns maintained at low temperature was introduced. In this paper, that metrology is extended with the introduction of a small in situ pyrolysis platform that provides for rapid heating and rapid vapor capture for a wide variety of samples. The new approach is referred to as pyro-PLOT-cryo. The pyrolysis platform is made from two small copper lead wires that hold a basket formed from small diameter, high resistance stainless steel or NiCr wire. The basket is formed to accept a small sample, the mass of which can typically range from 0.2 to 0.05 mg. The pyrolysis is performed by use of a resistor capacitor circuit of the type used in spot welders. We have provided examples of the application of this technique with the analysis of facial cosmetics, plastic explosives, organometallic gasoline additives, polymers, and in micro scale chemical reactions. Additional modifications and future work are also discussed. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Bruno, Thomas J.; Nichols, Jessica E.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Appl Chem & Mat Div, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Bruno, TJ (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Appl Chem & Mat Div, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM bruno@boulder.nist.gov
OI Nichols, Jessica/0000-0002-8597-1898
NR 62
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 25
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0021-9673
J9 J CHROMATOGR A
JI J. Chromatogr. A
PD APR 19
PY 2013
VL 1286
BP 192
EP 199
DI 10.1016/j.chroma.2013.02.047
PG 8
WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry
GA 120FL
UT WOS:000317156100022
PM 23477797
ER
PT J
AU Nontapot, K
Rastogi, V
Fagan, JA
Reipa, V
AF Nontapot, Kanokwan
Rastogi, Vinayak
Fagan, Jeffrey A.
Reipa, Vytas
TI Size and density measurement of core-shell Si nanoparticles by
analytical ultracentrifugation
SO NANOTECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID PHOTOLUMINESCENT SILICON NANOPARTICLES; TRANSMISSION
ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY; DYNAMIC LIGHT-SCATTERING; QUANTUM DOTS;
NANOCRYSTALS; PARTICLES; DISTRIBUTIONS; LUMINESCENT; NANOSTRUCTURES;
ENVIRONMENT
AB Si nanocrystals, terminated with cyclohexane and allylamine, were analyzed using analytical ultracentrifugation (AUC), dynamic light scattering (DLS) and transmission electron microscopy. We found that AUC yielded equivalent particle size distribution data to other nanoparticle characterization techniques, while also providing important information not probed by techniques such as DLS regarding the relative size of the particle core and shell components and the overall effective particle density. Estimates of particle core and shell dimensions are consistent with the particle's optical properties within the quantum confinement representation and available theoretical Si nanocrystal models. Measurement of sedimentation velocity in several solvents with different densities presents a way to circumvent the ambiguity of simultaneous fitting of particle density and sedimentation coefficient and allows us to significantly reduce the uncertainty in the estimates of particle hydrodynamic diameter by finding the effective particle density value. Online supplementary data available from stacks.iop.org/Nano/24/155701/mmedia
C1 [Nontapot, Kanokwan; Reipa, Vytas] NIST, Div Biochem Sci, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Rastogi, Vinayak; Fagan, Jeffrey A.] NIST, Div Polymers, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Nontapot, K (reprint author), NIST, Div Biochem Sci, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM vytautas.reipa@nist.gov
OI Fagan, Jeffrey/0000-0003-1483-5554
FU NIST standard reference material program
FX The authors acknowledge support by the NIST standard reference material
program.
NR 55
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 5
U2 65
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0957-4484
EI 1361-6528
J9 NANOTECHNOLOGY
JI Nanotechnology
PD APR 19
PY 2013
VL 24
IS 15
AR 155701
DI 10.1088/0957-4484/24/15/155701
PG 10
WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary;
Physics, Applied
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics
GA 117YH
UT WOS:000316988700013
PM 23518716
ER
PT J
AU Wang, ZZ
Gu, P
Wu, XP
Zhang, H
Zhang, Z
Chiang, MYM
AF Wang, Zheng-zhi
Gu, Ping
Wu, Xiao-ping
Zhang, Hui
Zhang, Zhong
Chiang, Martin Y. M.
TI Micro/nano-wear studies on epoxy/silica nanocomposites
SO COMPOSITES SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Nano composites; Wear; Mechanical properties; Scanning probe microscopy
(SPM)
ID ORIENTED POLY(ETHYLENE-TEREPHTHALATE) FILM; CARBON NITRIDE COATINGS;
SCALE FATIGUE WEAR; EPOXY NANOCOMPOSITES; TRIBOLOGICAL PROPERTIES;
MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; FORCE MICROSCOPY; FILLED EPOXY; PART II; NANOWEAR
AB We proposed a new method for quantifying the micro/nano-scale wear volume (i.e., volume of wear loss) to characterize the wear-resistance of nanocomposites. Effects of wear load, pass (a pattern of scan cycles), and nanoparticle content on the wear behavior of silica nanoparticle-reinforced composites (EP/SiO2) were studied. The multiple nano-scratch patterning technique was carried out for the wear test. Images of sample surface, before/after the test, obtained using in situ scanning probe microscopy (SPM) were used to calculate the wear volume. Our results indicate that the wear mechanism transits from a plastic-deformation dominated mode to a fatigue-wear dominated mode with increased wear load and pass. The threshold at which transition occurs increases with the nanoparticle content, and correlates with improvement in wear resistance of nanocomposites. This transition threshold can be a different metric, rather than using the conventional mechanical properties (e.g., surface hardness and stiffness), to characterize the wear resistance of materials such that wear load and pass is taken into account. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Wang, Zheng-zhi; Gu, Ping; Wu, Xiao-ping] Univ Sci & Technol China, Dept Modern Mech, Hefei 230027, Anhui, Peoples R China.
[Wang, Zheng-zhi; Chiang, Martin Y. M.] NIST, Biosyst & Biomat Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Zhang, Hui; Zhang, Zhong] Natl Ctr NanoSci & Technol, Beijing 100080, Peoples R China.
RP Gu, P (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mech Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM guping@ustc.edu.cn; martin.chiang@nist.gov
FU Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities
FX The research was partly supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for
the Central Universities. The authors grateful acknowledge the provision
of experimental samples from NCNST (Beijing, China).
NR 54
TC 14
Z9 17
U1 4
U2 48
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0266-3538
EI 1879-1050
J9 COMPOS SCI TECHNOL
JI Compos. Sci. Technol.
PD APR 18
PY 2013
VL 79
BP 49
EP 57
DI 10.1016/j.compscitech.2013.02.010
PG 9
WC Materials Science, Composites
SC Materials Science
GA 136QG
UT WOS:000318377900008
ER
PT J
AU Gove, JM
Williams, GJ
McManus, MA
Heron, SF
Sandin, SA
Vetter, OJ
Foley, DG
AF Gove, Jamison M.
Williams, Gareth J.
McManus, Margaret A.
Heron, Scott F.
Sandin, Stuart A.
Vetter, Oliver J.
Foley, David G.
TI Quantifying Climatological Ranges and Anomalies for Pacific Coral Reef
Ecosystems
SO PLOS ONE
LA English
DT Article
ID CLIMATE-CHANGE; BASE-LINES; INTERMEDIATE DISTURBANCE;
ENVIRONMENTAL-STRESS; INTERNAL WAVES; FLORIDA-KEYS; INDIAN-OCEAN;
TEMPERATURE; ISLANDS; SUSCEPTIBILITY
AB Coral reef ecosystems are exposed to a range of environmental forcings that vary on daily to decadal time scales and across spatial scales spanning from reefs to archipelagos. Environmental variability is a major determinant of reef ecosystem structure and function, including coral reef extent and growth rates, and the abundance, diversity, and morphology of reef organisms. Proper characterization of environmental forcings on coral reef ecosystems is critical if we are to understand the dynamics and implications of abiotic-biotic interactions on reef ecosystems. This study combines high-resolution bathymetric information with remotely sensed sea surface temperature, chlorophyll-a and irradiance data, and modeled wave data to quantify environmental forcings on coral reefs. We present a methodological approach to develop spatially constrained, island-and atoll-scale metrics that quantify climatological range limits and anomalous environmental forcings across U. S. Pacific coral reef ecosystems. Our results indicate considerable spatial heterogeneity in climatological ranges and anomalies across 41 islands and atolls, with emergent spatial patterns specific to each environmental forcing. For example, wave energy was greatest at northern latitudes and generally decreased with latitude. In contrast, chlorophyll-a was greatest at reef ecosystems proximate to the equator and northern-most locations, showing little synchrony with latitude. In addition, we find that the reef ecosystems with the highest chlorophyll-a concentrations; Jarvis, Howland, Baker, Palmyra and Kingman are each uninhabited and are characterized by high hard coral cover and large numbers of predatory fishes. Finally, we find that scaling environmental data to the spatial footprint of individual islands and atolls is more likely to capture local environmental forcings, as chlorophyll-a concentrations decreased at relatively short distances (>7 km) from 85% of our study locations. These metrics will help identify reef ecosystems most exposed to environmental stress as well as systems that may be more resistant or resilient to future climate change.
C1 [Gove, Jamison M.; Vetter, Oliver J.; Foley, David G.] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Joint Inst Marine & Atmospher Res, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
[Gove, Jamison M.; Vetter, Oliver J.] NOAA, Coral Reef Ecosyst Div, Pacific Isl Fisheries Sci Ctr, Honolulu, HI USA.
[Williams, Gareth J.; Sandin, Stuart A.] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, San Diego, CA 92103 USA.
[McManus, Margaret A.] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Sch Ocean & Earth Sci & Technol, Honolulu, HI USA.
[Heron, Scott F.] NOAA, Natl Environm & Satellite Data & Informat Serv, Silver Spring, MD USA.
[Heron, Scott F.] James Cook Univ, Sch Engn & Phys Sci, Dept Phys, Marine Geophys Lab, Townsville, Qld 4811, Australia.
[Foley, David G.] NOAA, Div Environm Res, Southwest Fisheries Sci Ctr, Pacific Grove, CA USA.
RP Gove, JM (reprint author), Univ Hawaii Manoa, Joint Inst Marine & Atmospher Res, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
EM jamison.gove@noaa.gov
RI Heron, Scott/E-7928-2011
FU Comparative Analysis of Marine Ecosystem Organization (CAMEO) program;
NOAA's Coral Reef Conservation Program
FX Funding was provided by the Comparative Analysis of Marine Ecosystem
Organization (CAMEO) program and NOAA's Coral Reef Conservation Program.
The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis,
decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.
NR 71
TC 24
Z9 24
U1 2
U2 44
PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA
SN 1932-6203
J9 PLOS ONE
JI PLoS One
PD APR 18
PY 2013
VL 8
IS 4
AR e61974
DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0061974
PG 14
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 130IU
UT WOS:000317908700069
PM 23637939
ER
PT J
AU Su, H
Jiang, JH
Zhai, CX
Perun, VS
Shen, JT
Del Genio, A
Nazarenko, LS
Donner, LJ
Horowitz, L
Seman, C
Morcrette, C
Petch, J
Ringer, M
Cole, J
von Salzen, K
Mesquita, MDS
Iversen, T
Kristjansson, JE
Gettelman, A
Rotstayn, L
Jeffrey, S
Dufresne, JL
Watanabe, M
Kawai, H
Koshiro, T
Wu, TW
Volodin, EM
L'Ecuyer, T
Teixeira, J
Stephens, GL
AF Su, Hui
Jiang, Jonathan H.
Zhai, Chengxing
Perun, Vince S.
Shen, Janice T.
Del Genio, Anthony
Nazarenko, Larissa S.
Donner, Leo J.
Horowitz, Larry
Seman, Charles
Morcrette, Cyril
Petch, Jon
Ringer, Mark
Cole, Jason
von Salzen, Knut
Mesquita, Michel D. S.
Iversen, Trond
Kristjansson, Jon Egill
Gettelman, Andrew
Rotstayn, Leon
Jeffrey, Stephen
Dufresne, Jean-Louis
Watanabe, Masahiro
Kawai, Hideaki
Koshiro, Tsuyoshi
Wu, Tongwen
Volodin, Evgeny M.
L'Ecuyer, Tristan
Teixeira, Joao
Stephens, Graeme L.
TI Diagnosis of regime-dependent cloud simulation errors in CMIP5 models
using "A-Train" satellite observations and reanalysis data
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
LA English
DT Article
DE Clouds; Climate Model; Satellite Observation; CMIP5; A-Train;
large-scale regimes; conditional sampling; model error diagnosis
ID GENERAL-CIRCULATION MODEL; GLOBAL CLIMATE MODEL; ATMOSPHERE;
VARIABILITY; SENSITIVITY; TROPOSPHERE; CONVECTION; MASS
AB The vertical distributions of cloud water content (CWC) and cloud fraction (CF) over the tropical oceans, produced by 13 coupled atmosphere-ocean models submitted to the Phase 5 of Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5), are evaluated against CloudSat/CALIPSO observations as a function of large-scale parameters. Available CALIPSO simulator CF outputs are also examined. A diagnostic framework is developed to decompose the cloud simulation errors into large-scale errors, cloud parameterization errors and covariation errors. We find that the cloud parameterization errors contribute predominantly to the total errors for all models. The errors associated with large-scale temperature and moisture structures are relatively greater than those associated with large-scale midtropospheric vertical velocity and lower-level divergence. All models capture the separation of deep and shallow clouds in distinct large-scale regimes; however, the vertical structures of high/low clouds and their variations with large-scale parameters differ significantly from the observations. The CWCs associated with deep convective clouds simulated in most models do not reach as high in altitude as observed, and their magnitudes are generally weaker than CloudSat total CWC, which includes the contribution of precipitating condensates, but are close to CloudSat nonprecipitating CWC. All models reproduce maximum CF associated with convective detrainment, but CALIPSO simulator CFs generally agree better with CloudSat/CALIPSO combined retrieval than the model CFs, especially in the midtroposphere. Model simulated low clouds tend to have little variation with large-scale parameters except lower-troposphere stability, while the observed low cloud CWC, CF, and cloud top height vary consistently in all large-scale regimes.
C1 [Su, Hui; Jiang, Jonathan H.; Zhai, Chengxing; Perun, Vince S.; Shen, Janice T.; Teixeira, Joao; Stephens, Graeme L.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
[Del Genio, Anthony; Nazarenko, Larissa S.] NASA, Goddard Inst Space Studies, New York, NY 10025 USA.
[Donner, Leo J.; Horowitz, Larry; Seman, Charles] Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, Princeton, NJ USA.
[Morcrette, Cyril; Petch, Jon] UK Met Off, Exeter, Devon, England.
[Ringer, Mark] UK Met Off Hadley Ctr MOHC, Exeter, Devon, England.
[Cole, Jason; von Salzen, Knut] Environm Canada, CCCMA, Victoria, BC, Canada.
[Mesquita, Michel D. S.] Uni Res, BCCR, Bergen, Norway.
[Iversen, Trond] NCC, Meteorologisk Inst, Oslo, Norway.
[Kristjansson, Jon Egill] Univ Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
[Gettelman, Andrew] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80307 USA.
[Rotstayn, Leon] CSIRO, Aspendale, Vic, Australia.
[Watanabe, Masahiro] Univ Tokyo, Atmospher & Ocean Res Inst, Model Interdisciplinary Res Climate MIROC, Chiba, Japan.
[Kawai, Hideaki; Koshiro, Tsuyoshi] Japan Meteorol Agcy, MRI, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
[Wu, Tongwen] China Meteorol Adm, BCC, Beijing, Peoples R China.
[Volodin, Evgeny M.] Russian Acad Sci, Inst Numer Math, Moscow, Russia.
[L'Ecuyer, Tristan] Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI USA.
RP Su, H (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
EM Hui.Su@jpl.nasa.gov
RI L'Ecuyer, Tristan/C-7040-2013; Rotstayn, Leon/A-1756-2012; Mesquita,
Michel d. S./C-3414-2009; Horowitz, Larry/D-8048-2014; Koshiro,
Tsuyoshi/O-7183-2016; Morcrette, Cyril/H-7282-2012; L'Ecuyer,
Tristan/E-5607-2012; Dufresne, Jean-Louis/I-5616-2015; Ringer,
Mark/E-7294-2013
OI Rotstayn, Leon/0000-0002-2385-4223; Mesquita, Michel d.
S./0000-0002-4556-5414; Horowitz, Larry/0000-0002-5886-3314; Koshiro,
Tsuyoshi/0000-0003-2971-7446; Cole, Jason/0000-0003-0450-2748;
Morcrette, Cyril/0000-0002-4240-8472; L'Ecuyer,
Tristan/0000-0002-7584-4836; Dufresne, Jean-Louis/0000-0003-4764-9600;
Ringer, Mark/0000-0003-4014-2583
FU NASA ROSES COUND; AST; NEWS
FX We thank the funding support from NASA ROSES COUND, AST, and NEWS, the
CloudSat/CALIPSO mission teams and relevant satellite mission projects.
We acknowledge PCMDI for archiving CMIP5 model simulations and the ECMWF
Data Server for ECMWF Interim Reanalysis data. This work was carried out
at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology,
under contract with NASA.
NR 56
TC 37
Z9 37
U1 1
U2 45
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-897X
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.
PD APR 16
PY 2013
VL 118
IS 7
BP 2762
EP 2780
DI 10.1029/2012JD018575
PG 19
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 153QT
UT WOS:000319618300006
ER
PT J
AU Xiang, B
Miller, SM
Kort, EA
Santoni, GW
Daube, BC
Commane, R
Angevine, WM
Ryerson, TB
Trainer, MK
Andrews, AE
Nehrkorn, T
Tian, HQ
Wofsy, SC
AF Xiang, Bin
Miller, Scot M.
Kort, Eric A.
Santoni, Gregory W.
Daube, Bruce C.
Commane, Roisin
Angevine, Wayne M.
Ryerson, Tom B.
Trainer, Michael K.
Andrews, Arlyn E.
Nehrkorn, Thomas
Tian, Hanqin
Wofsy, Steven C.
TI Nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from California based on 2010 CalNex
airborne measurements
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
LA English
DT Article
DE nitrous oxide; emissions; California; fertilizer
ID SPATIAL VARIABILITY; NORTH-AMERICA; STILT MODEL; WATER; SOIL;
ECOSYSTEMS; METHANE; FIELD
AB Nitrous oxide (N2O) is an important gas for climate and for stratospheric chemistry, with a lifetime exceeding 100years. Global concentrations have increased steadily since the 18th century, apparently due to human-associated emissions, principally from the application of nitrogen fertilizers. However, quantitative studies of agricultural emissions at large spatial scales are lacking, inhibited by the difficulty of measuring small enhancements in atmospheric concentration. Here we derive regional emission rates for N2O in the agricultural heartland of California based on analysis of in-situ airborne atmospheric observations collected using a new quantum cascade laser spectrometer. The data were obtained on board the NOAA WP-3 research aircraft during the CalNex (California Research at the Nexus of Air Quality and Climate Change) program in late spring 2010. We coupled the WRF (weather research and forecasting) model, a meso-scale meteorology model, with the STILT (stochastic time-inverted Lagrangian transport) model, a Lagrangian particle dispersion model, to link our in-situ airborne observations to surface emissions. We then used a variety of statistical methods to identify source areas and to optimize emission rates. Our results are consistent with the view that fertilizer application is the largest source of N2O in the Central Valley. The spatial distribution of surface emissions, based on California land use and activity maps, was very different than indicated in the leading emission inventory (EDGAR 4.0). Our estimated total emission flux of N2O for California in May and June was 3 - 4 times larger than the annual mean given for the state by EDGAR and other inventories, indicating a strong seasonal variation. We estimated the statewide total annual emissions of N2O to be 0.042 +/- 0.011 Tg N/year, roughly equivalent to inventory values if we account for seasonal variations using observations obtained in the midwestern United States. This state total N2O emission is 20.5 Tg CO2 equivalent (100year global warming potential=310 CO2 eq/g N2O), accounting for approximately 4% of the state total greenhouse gas emissions.
C1 [Xiang, Bin; Miller, Scot M.; Santoni, Gregory W.; Daube, Bruce C.; Commane, Roisin; Wofsy, Steven C.] Harvard Univ, Sch Engn & Appl Sci, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Xiang, Bin; Miller, Scot M.; Santoni, Gregory W.; Daube, Bruce C.; Commane, Roisin; Wofsy, Steven C.] Harvard Univ, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Kort, Eric A.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA USA.
[Angevine, Wayne M.; Ryerson, Tom B.; Trainer, Michael K.; Andrews, Arlyn E.] NOAA, Boulder, CO USA.
[Nehrkorn, Thomas] Atmospher & Environm Res Inc, Lexington, MA USA.
[Tian, Hanqin] Auburn Univ, Sch Forestry & Wildlife Sci, Auburn, AL 36849 USA.
RP Xiang, B (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Sch Engn & Appl Sci, 20 Oxford St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
EM bxiang@seas.harvard.edu
RI Xiang, Bin/E-8034-2012; Commane, Roisin/E-4835-2016; Manager, CSD
Publications/B-2789-2015; Andrews, Arlyn/K-3427-2012; Angevine,
Wayne/H-9849-2013; Trainer, Michael/H-5168-2013; Ryerson,
Tom/C-9611-2009; Tian, Hanqin/A-6484-2012; Kort, Eric/F-9942-2012;
Xiang, Bin/M-2812-2013
OI Nehrkorn, Thomas/0000-0003-0637-3468; Commane,
Roisin/0000-0003-1373-1550; Angevine, Wayne/0000-0002-8021-7116; Tian,
Hanqin/0000-0002-1806-4091; Kort, Eric/0000-0003-4940-7541;
FU NASA [NNX09AJ94G, NNX11AG47G, NNX09AU40G]; NSF [ATM-083091-2]; NOAA
[NA09OAR4310122, NA11OAR4310158]
FX This study was supported by the following grants to Harvard University:
NASA NNX09AJ94G, NNX11AG47G, and NNX09AU40G; NSF ATM-083091-2; and NOAA
NA09OAR4310122 and NA11OAR4310158. We are grateful to the flight crew of
the NOAA P-3 for safely executing a difficult flight mission. B. X.
thanks Jasna Pittman for helpful comments on the manuscript. E.A.K.
thanks the W. M. Keck Institute for Space Studies for support. Portions
of this work were performed at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California
Institute of Technology, under contract with NASA.
NR 38
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 2
U2 42
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-897X
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.
PD APR 16
PY 2013
VL 118
IS 7
BP 2809
EP 2820
DI 10.1002/jgrd.50189
PG 12
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 153QT
UT WOS:000319618300009
ER
PT J
AU Evan, S
Rosenlof, KH
Dudhia, J
Hassler, B
Davis, SM
AF Evan, Stephanie
Rosenlof, K. H.
Dudhia, J.
Hassler, B.
Davis, S. M.
TI The representation of the TTL in a tropical channel version of the WRF
model
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
LA English
DT Article
DE TTL; temperature variability; water vapor; WRF; cirrus clouds
ID QUASI-BIENNIAL OSCILLATION; STRATOSPHERIC WATER-VAPOR; BREWER-DOBSON
CIRCULATION; MADDEN-JULIAN OSCILLATION; TROPOPAUSE LAYER; ANNUAL CYCLE;
OBSERVING SYSTEM; CIRRUS CLOUDS; HEAT-BALANCE; PART I
AB In this study, the Weather Research Forecast (WRF) model is used to investigate key physical processes controlling the Tropical Tropopause Layer (TTL) temperature and water vapor distributions in December 2005 to January-February 2006. The model domain is configured as a tropical channel with a horizontal grid spacing of 36 km, a vertical grid spacing of 500 m, and a top at 0.1 hPa. Initial and boundary conditions are set using the ERA-Interim reanalysis data set. An ozone distribution computed from satellite and ozonesonde measurements is used for radiative forcing calculations. The model's ability to replicate observed TTL temperatures is evaluated via comparisons with radiosonde data and reanalyses (MERRA and ERA-Interim). The Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS) water vapor measurements are used to evaluate WRF-simulated water vapor in the TTL. Results of the simulations show that the model reproduces the mean temperature and its variability above 50 hPa as well as the tropical tropopause height. However, the model cold point tropopause temperature is colder than the reanalyses by similar to 1.2 K. The model captures the location of TTL water vapor minimum in the Western Pacific but is drier than the MLS observations in the TTL. To assess possible reasons for the tropopause temperature discrepancy, an additional WRF experiment was conducted using analysis nudging for water vapor. This experiment produces more tropical cirrus clouds in the upper troposphere and a warming of similar to 1.5 K of the cold point tropopause. This suggests that the radiative effects of cirrus clouds and water vapor must be considered for accurate temperature simulations in the TTL.
C1 [Evan, Stephanie; Rosenlof, K. H.; Hassler, B.; Davis, S. M.] NOAA, Div Chem Sci, ESRL, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Evan, Stephanie; Hassler, B.; Davis, S. M.] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Dudhia, J.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80307 USA.
RP Evan, S (reprint author), NOAA, Div Chem Sci, ESRL, 325 Broadway R-CSD8, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM stephanie.evan@noaa.gov
RI Hassler, Birgit/E-8987-2010; Davis, Sean/C-9570-2011; Dudhia,
Jimy/B-1287-2008; Evan, Stephanie/C-2213-2013; Rosenlof,
Karen/B-5652-2008; Manager, CSD Publications/B-2789-2015
OI Hassler, Birgit/0000-0003-2724-709X; Davis, Sean/0000-0001-9276-6158;
Dudhia, Jimy/0000-0002-2394-6232; Rosenlof, Karen/0000-0002-0903-8270;
FU National Research Council Research Associateship award; NOAA's
Atmospheric Chemistry and Climate Program
FX The lead author was supported by a National Research Council Research
Associateship award. B. Hassler, S. Davis, and K. Rosenlof acknowledge
support from NOAA's Atmospheric Chemistry and Climate Program.
NR 54
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 15
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-897X
EI 2169-8996
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.
PD APR 16
PY 2013
VL 118
IS 7
BP 2835
EP 2848
DI 10.1002/jgrd.50288
PG 14
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 153QT
UT WOS:000319618300012
ER
PT J
AU Zhao, TXP
Chan, PK
Heidinger, AK
AF Zhao, Tom X. -P.
Chan, Pui K.
Heidinger, Andrew K.
TI A global survey of the effect of cloud contamination on the aerosol
optical thickness and its long-term trend derived from operational AVHRR
satellite observations
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
LA English
DT Article
DE Aerosol; trend; satellite; AVHRR
ID TROPOSPHERIC AEROSOLS; DATA RECORD; MODIS; CHANNELS; PERSPECTIVE;
RETRIEVALS; PRODUCTS; FUTURE; OCEAN
AB Subpixel cloud contamination is one of the major issues plaguing passive satellite aerosol remote sensing. Its impact on the aerosol optical thickness (AOT) retrieval has been analyzed/evaluated by many studies. However, the question of how it influences the AOT trend remains to be answered. In this paper, four long-term advanced very high resolution radiometer (AVHRR) AOT data sets from 1981 to 2009 over global oceans for four different definitions of clear sky, respectively, are produced by applying a two-channel aerosol retrieval algorithm to the AVHRR clear-sky reflectances derived by combining NOAA Pathfinder Atmosphere's Extended AVHRR climate data record level-2b all-sky reflectances with the cloud probability parameter determined from the Bayesian probabilistic cloud detection technique. A global analysis of the effect of cloud contamination on the AVHRR AOT retrieval as well as on its long-term trend is then performed by comparing the results from the four data sets. It was found that cloud contamination imposes not only a positive bias on AOT values but also a positive bias on its long-term trend such that negative trends become less negative and positive trends become more positive. A cloud probability value of 1% has been identified as an optimal criterion for clear-sky definition to minimize the cloud contamination in the AVHRR aerosol retrieval while still retaining strong aerosol signals. In order for a satellite aerosol product to be useful and reliable in aerosol trend detection, the cloud contamination effect on aerosol trends needs to be studied/evaluated carefully along with the effects of calibration error, surface disturbance, and aerosol model assumptions.
C1 [Zhao, Tom X. -P.; Chan, Pui K.] NOAA, Natl Climat Data Ctr, NESDIS, Asheville, NC 28801 USA.
[Chan, Pui K.] NOAA, CICS NC, NESDIS, NCDC, Asheville, NC 28801 USA.
[Heidinger, Andrew K.] NOAA, Ctr Satellite Applicat & Res STAR, NESDIS, Madison, WI USA.
RP Zhao, TXP (reprint author), NOAA, Natl Climat Data Ctr, NESDIS, 151 Patton Ave,RM-445, Asheville, NC 28801 USA.
EM Xuepeng.Zhao@noaa.gov
RI Heidinger, Andrew/F-5591-2010
OI Heidinger, Andrew/0000-0001-7631-109X
FU CDR program at the National Climatic Data Center (NCDC) of NOAA/NESDIS
FX The authors would like to acknowledge the support from the CDR program
at the National Climatic Data Center (NCDC) of NOAA/NESDIS. The
constructive suggestions from three anonymous reviewers are greatly
appreciated. The views, opinions, and findings contained in this paper
are those of the author (s) and should not be construed as an official
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration or U.S. Government
position, policy, or decision.
NR 35
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U1 0
U2 10
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-897X
EI 2169-8996
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.
PD APR 16
PY 2013
VL 118
IS 7
BP 2849
EP 2857
DI 10.1002/jgrd.50278
PG 9
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 153QT
UT WOS:000319618300013
ER
PT J
AU Meyer, TC
Lang, TJ
Rutledge, SA
Lyons, WA
Cummer, SA
Lu, GP
Lindsey, DT
AF Meyer, Tiffany C.
Lang, Timothy J.
Rutledge, Steven A.
Lyons, Walter A.
Cummer, Steven A.
Lu, Gaopeng
Lindsey, Daniel T.
TI Radar and lightning analyses of gigantic jet-producing storms
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
LA English
DT Article
DE Lightning; Gigantic Jet; Thunderstorm
ID BLUE JETS; ELECTRICAL DISCHARGES; TORNADIC STORM; THUNDERSTORMS;
REFLECTIVITY; THUNDERCLOUD; IONOSPHERE; EVOLUTION; STARTERS; VELOCITY
AB An analysis of thunderstorm environment, structure, and evolution associated with six gigantic jets (five negative polarity, one positive) was conducted. Three of these gigantic jets were observed within detection range of very high frequency lightning mapping networks. All six were within range of operational radars and two-dimensional lightning network coverage: five within the National Lightning Detection Network and one within the Global Lightning Detection (GLD360) network. Most of the storms producing the jets formed in moist tropical or tropical-like environments (precipitable water ranged from 37 to 62 kg m-2, and 0-6 km shear from 3.5 to 24.8 m s-1), featuring high convective available potential energy (1200-3500 J kg-1) and low lifted indices (-2.8 to -6.4). The storms had maximum radar reflectivity factors of 54 to 62 dBZ, and 10 dBZ echo contours reached 14-17 km. Storms covered by three-dimensional lightning mappers were near peak altitude of lightning activity (modes of the vertical distributions of radio sources were at altitudes colder than -50 degrees C) and vertical reflectivity intensity, with overshooting echo tops around the times of their jets. Two of the other three jet-producing storms produced their jet around the time of a convective surge as indicated by radar data and likely featured overshooting tops. The observations suggest a link between convective surges, overshooting tops, and the occurrence of gigantic jets, similar to prior modeling studies.
C1 [Meyer, Tiffany C.; Lang, Timothy J.; Rutledge, Steven A.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Atmospher Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Meyer, Tiffany C.] Natl Weather Serv, Warning Decis Training Branch, Norman, OK USA.
[Lang, Timothy J.] NASA, Marshall Space Flight Ctr ZP11, Huntsville, AL 35812 USA.
[Lyons, Walter A.] FMA Res Inc, Ft Collins, CO USA.
[Cummer, Steven A.; Lu, Gaopeng] Duke Univ, Elect & Comp Engn Dept, Durham, NC USA.
[Lindsey, Daniel T.] NOAA, NESDIS, STAR, RAMMB, Ft Collins, CO USA.
RP Lang, TJ (reprint author), NASA, Marshall Space Flight Ctr ZP11, Huntsville, AL 35812 USA.
EM tjlangco@gmail.com
RI Lu, Gaopeng/D-9011-2012; Cummer, Steven/A-6118-2008; Lindsey,
Dan/F-5607-2010;
OI Cummer, Steven/0000-0002-0002-0613; Lindsey, Dan/0000-0002-0967-5683;
Lang, Timothy/0000-0003-1576-572X
FU DARPA Nimbus program
FX This work was supported by the DARPA Nimbus program. The authors thank
Vaisala, Inc. for providing the NLDN and GLD360 data used in this study.
Without the observations of the gigantic jets, this study would not have
been possible. The Florida, Oklahoma, and Puerto Rico gigantic jets were
observed by Joel Gonzalez in Florida, by Kevin Palivec in Texas, and by
Frankie Lucena in Puerto Rico, respectively. The authors thank the
editors and reviewers of this manuscript for their assistance in
improving it.
NR 52
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 12
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-897X
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.
PD APR 16
PY 2013
VL 118
IS 7
BP 2872
EP 2888
DI 10.1002/jgrd.50302
PG 17
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 153QT
UT WOS:000319618300015
ER
PT J
AU Mei, F
Hayes, PL
Ortega, A
Taylor, JW
Allan, JD
Gilman, J
Kuster, W
de Gouw, J
Jimenez, JL
Wang, J
AF Mei, Fan
Hayes, Patrick L.
Ortega, Amber
Taylor, Jonathan W.
Allan, James D.
Gilman, Jessica
Kuster, William
de Gouw, Joost
Jimenez, Jose L.
Wang, Jian
TI Droplet activation properties of organic aerosols observed at an urban
site during CalNex-LA
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
LA English
DT Review
DE Hygroscopicity; Mixing state; CCN; Organic aerosol; Oxidation state;
Atmospheric aging
ID CLOUD CONDENSATION NUCLEI; SIZE-RESOLVED CCN; SINGLE-PARAMETER
REPRESENTATION; HYGROSCOPIC GROWTH; MIXING STATE; CHEMICAL-COMPOSITION;
MASS-SPECTROMETRY; HIGH-RESOLUTION; RAIN-FOREST; PART 1
AB Size-resolved cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) spectra and aerosol chemical composition were characterized at an urban supersite in Pasadena, California, from 15 May to 4 June 2010, during the CalNex campaign. The derived hygroscopicity (CCN) of CCN-active particles with diameter between 97 and 165 nm ranged from 0.05 to 0.4. Diurnal variation showed a slight decrease of CCN from 8:00 to 16:00 (from 0.24 to 0.20), which is attributed to increasing organics volume fraction resulted from secondary organic aerosol (SOA) formation. The derived hygroscopicity distribution and maximum activated fraction of the size selected particles were examined as functions of photochemical age. The result indicates that condensation of secondary species (e.g., SOA and sulfate) quickly converted hydrophobic particles to hydrophilic ones, and during daytime, nearly every particle became a CCN at similar to 0.4% in just a few hours. Based on CCN and aerosol chemical composition, the organic hygroscopicity (org) was derived, and ranged from 0.05 to 0.23 with an average value of 0.13, consistent with the results from earlier studies. The derived org generally increased with the organic oxidation level, and most of the variation in org could be explained by the variation of the organic O:C atomic ratio alone. The least squares fit of the data yielded org=(0.83 +/- 0.06)x(O:C)+(-0.19 +/- 0.02). Compared to previous results based on CCN measurements of laboratory generated aerosols, org derived from measurements during the CalNex campaign exhibited stronger increase with O:C atomic ratio and therefore substantially higher values for organics with average O:C greater than 0.5.
C1 [Mei, Fan; Wang, Jian] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
[Hayes, Patrick L.; Ortega, Amber; Jimenez, Jose L.] Univ Colorado, NOAA, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Hayes, Patrick L.; Ortega, Amber; Jimenez, Jose L.] Univ Colorado, Dept Chem & Biochem, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Taylor, Jonathan W.; Allan, James D.] Univ Manchester, Sch Earth Atmospher & Environm Sci, Manchester, Lancs, England.
[Allan, James D.] Univ Manchester, Natl Ctr Atmospher Sci, Manchester, Lancs, England.
[Gilman, Jessica; Kuster, William; de Gouw, Joost] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO USA.
[Mei, Fan] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RP Wang, J (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, 75 Rutherford Dr,Bldg 815E, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
EM jian@bnl.gov
RI Jimenez, Jose/A-5294-2008; Kuster, William/E-7421-2010; Gilman,
Jessica/E-7751-2010; de Gouw, Joost/A-9675-2008; Manager, CSD
Publications/B-2789-2015; Wang, Jian/G-9344-2011; Allan,
James/B-1160-2010; Mei, Fan/D-9953-2013; Ortega, Amber/B-5548-2014
OI Taylor, Jonathan/0000-0002-2120-186X; Jimenez, Jose/0000-0001-6203-1847;
Kuster, William/0000-0002-8788-8588; Gilman,
Jessica/0000-0002-7899-9948; de Gouw, Joost/0000-0002-0385-1826; Mei,
Fan/0000-0003-4285-2749; Allan, James/0000-0001-6492-4876; Ortega,
Amber/0000-0002-4381-7892
FU Office of Biological and Environmental Research [DE-AC02-98CH10866];
CIRES; UK National Environment Research Council [NE/H008136/1]; UK
Natural Environment Research Council [NE/H008136/1]
FX This research was performed with support from the Office of Biological
and Environmental Research under contract number DE-AC02-98CH10866. We
acknowledge Caltech for hosting the supersite and logistics support from
California Air Resources Board, NOAA, and UCLA. The authors acknowledge
the US Department of Energy ARM program for providing some of
instruments deployed in this study. Patrick L. Hayes and Jose L. Jimenez
thank CARB 08-319/11-305 and DOE (BER/ASR) DE-SC0006035 and
DE-FG02-11ER65293, as well as a CIRES Visiting Fellowship to Patrick L.
Hayes. The SP2 data were supported by the UK National Environment
Research Council project Multiscale Chemical Composition of Carbonaceous
particles and Coatings (MC4) [Grant ref: NE/H008136/1]. The University
of Manchester activities were supported by The UK Natural Environment
Research Council through a PhD studentship and the project Multiscale
Chemical Composition of Carbonaceous particles and Coatings (MC4) [Grant
ref: NE/H008136/1].
NR 109
TC 17
Z9 17
U1 2
U2 50
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-897X
EI 2169-8996
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.
PD APR 16
PY 2013
VL 118
IS 7
BP 2903
EP 2917
DI 10.1002/jgrd.50285
PG 15
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 153QT
UT WOS:000319618300017
ER
PT J
AU Byrne, D
Zhang, JA
AF Byrne, David
Zhang, Jun A.
TI Height-dependent transition from 3-D to 2-D turbulence in the hurricane
boundary layer
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID AXISYMMETRICAL NUMERICAL-MODEL; TROPICAL CYCLONES; MAXIMUM INTENSITY;
EDDY DIFFUSIVITY; PART I; EXCHANGE; SIMULATIONS; ATLANTIC; ENERGY;
LENGTH
AB Here we show, from in situ aircraft measurements in the hurricane boundary layer, a height-dependent transition of the flow from 3-D to 2-D turbulence. This marks a fundamental change in the energy dynamics of the hurricane boundary layer due to the fact that in 3-D, energy flows downscale from larger to smaller scales, whereas in 2-D, it flows upscale, from smaller to larger scales. These results represent the first measurement of the 2-D upscale energy flux in the atmosphere and also the first to characterize the transition from 3-D to 2-D. It is shown that the large-scale parent vortex may gain energy directly from small scales in tropical cyclones.
C1 [Byrne, David] ETH, Inst Biogeochem & Pollutant Dynam, Dept Environm, Zurich, Switzerland.
[Byrne, David] ETH, C2SM, Zurich, Switzerland.
[Zhang, Jun A.] NOAA, Atlantic Oceanog & Meteorol Lab, Hurricane Res Div, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
[Zhang, Jun A.] Univ Miami, Cooperat Inst Marine & Atmospher Studies, Miami, FL USA.
RP Byrne, D (reprint author), ETH, C2SM, Zurich, Switzerland.
EM David.Byrne@usys.ethz.ch
RI Zhang, Jun/F-9580-2012; Byrne, David/B-1328-2015
OI Byrne, David/0000-0002-4565-1603
FU ETH [CH2-01 11-1]; NOAA's Hurricane Forecast and Improvement Project
(HFIP)
FX This work has been supported by ETH Research grant CH2-01 11-1 and by
NOAA's Hurricane Forecast and Improvement Project (HFIP). The data used
in this work were collected during the CBLAST experiment sponsored by
Office of Naval Research. We acknowledge all the scientists and crew
members from the Aircraft Operations Center (AOC) who were involved with
Hurricane Research Division's (HRD) field program for collecting the
data, in particular, William Drennan, Jeffrey French, and Peter Black.
The authors are grateful to Nicolas Gruber, Oliver Fuhrer, Frank Marks,
Mike Montgomery, and Mark Donelan for useful discussions.
NR 38
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 1
U2 7
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD APR 16
PY 2013
VL 40
IS 7
DI 10.1002/grl.50335
PG 4
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 148BP
UT WOS:000319217600033
ER
PT J
AU Dias, J
Leroux, S
Tulich, SN
Kiladis, GN
AF Dias, J.
Leroux, S.
Tulich, S. N.
Kiladis, G. N.
TI How systematic is organized tropical convection within the MJO?
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID MADDEN-JULIAN OSCILLATION; COUPLED EQUATORIAL WAVES; KELVIN WAVES;
PACIFIC
AB Recent theories of the dynamics of the Madden-Julian Oscillation (MJO) have been building on its multiscale structure. While it is observed that much of the convection within the MJO envelope is related to higher frequency equatorial waves, it is not known to what extent this organization is systematic from one MJO event to another. For instance, it is of interest to know whether MJO favors waves of particular types and propagation direction, and how this variability changes seasonally. This work presents a wavenumber-frequency spectral analysis of the MJO convective envelope, which indicates that there is no strong preferred scale of high frequency organization that is ubiquitous to the MJO. This null finding supports the use of convective parametrizations in modeling the MJO since, while moist convection is likely critical to its initiation and maintenance, the particular details of that organization may not be critical for its prediction and simulation.
C1 [Dias, J.; Tulich, S. N.; Kiladis, G. N.] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Div Phys Sci, Boulder, CO USA.
[Leroux, S.] SUNY Albany, Dept Atmospher & Environm Sci, Albany, NY 12222 USA.
[Tulich, S. N.] Univ Colorado, CIRES, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RP Dias, J (reprint author), NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Div Phys Sci, Boulder, CO USA.
EM juliana.dias@noaa.gov
FU NRC; NSF [AGS-1146133]
FX We thank P. Roundy and an anonymous reviewer for their thoughtful
suggestions. J. Dias acknowledges the support by NRC Research Associate
fellowship and S. Tulich acknowledges the support by NSF AGS-1146133.
NR 26
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 2
U2 14
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD APR 16
PY 2013
VL 40
IS 7
DI 10.1002/grl.50308
PG 6
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 148BP
UT WOS:000319217600030
ER
PT J
AU Kunkel, KE
Karl, TR
Easterling, DR
Redmond, K
Young, J
Yin, XG
Hennon, P
AF Kunkel, Kenneth E.
Karl, Thomas R.
Easterling, David R.
Redmond, Kelly
Young, John
Yin, Xungang
Hennon, Paula
TI Probable maximum precipitation and climate change
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID ATMOSPHERIC RIVER; HURRICANE
AB Probable maximum precipitation (PMP) is the greatest accumulation of precipitation for a given duration meteorologically possible for an area. Climate change effects on PMP are analyzed, in particular, maximization of moisture and persistent upward motion, using both climate model simulations and conceptual models of relevant meteorological systems. Climate model simulations indicate a substantial future increase in mean and maximum water vapor concentrations. For the RCP8.5 scenario, the changes in maximum values for the continental United States are approximately 20%-30% by 2071-2100. The magnitudes of the maximum water vapor changes follow temperature changes with an approximate Clausius-Clapeyron relationship. Model-simulated changes in maximum vertical and horizontal winds are too small to offset water vapor changes. Thus, our conclusion is that the most scientifically sound projection is that PMP values will increase in the future due to higher levels of atmospheric moisture content and consequent higher levels of moisture transport into storms.
C1 [Kunkel, Kenneth E.; Hennon, Paula] N Carolina State Univ, NOAA, Cooperat Inst Climate & Satellites, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
[Kunkel, Kenneth E.; Karl, Thomas R.; Easterling, David R.; Hennon, Paula] NOAA Natl Climat Data Ctr, Asheville, NC USA.
[Redmond, Kelly] Univ Nevada, Desert Res Inst, Reno, NV 89506 USA.
[Young, John] Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI USA.
[Yin, Xungang] ERT Inc, Asheville, NC USA.
RP Kunkel, KE (reprint author), Natl Climat Ctr, 151 Patton Ave, Asheville, NC 28801 USA.
EM ken.kunkel@noaa.gov
RI Kunkel, Kenneth/C-7280-2015
OI Kunkel, Kenneth/0000-0001-6667-7047
FU NOAA through the Cooperative Institute for Climate and Satellites-North
Carolina [NA09NES4400006]; NOAA Climate Program Office, Climate
Observations and Monitoring Program
FX This work was partially supported by NOAA through the Cooperative
Institute for Climate and Satellites-North Carolina under Cooperative
Agreement NA09NES4400006 and by the NOAA Climate Program Office, Climate
Observations and Monitoring Program. We acknowledge the World Climate
Research Programme's Working Group on Coupled Modeling, which is
responsible for CMIP, and we thank the climate modeling groups (listed
in Table 1 of the supplementary material) for producing and making
available their model output. For CMIP the U.S. Department of Energy's
Program for Climate Model Diagnosis and Intercomparison provides
coordinating support and led development of software infrastructure in
partnership with the Global Organization for Earth System Science
Portals. We thank Mike Coniglio for advice on mesoscale convective
systems.
NR 22
TC 47
Z9 49
U1 6
U2 56
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD APR 16
PY 2013
VL 40
IS 7
DI 10.1002/grl.50334
PG 7
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 148BP
UT WOS:000319217600027
ER
PT J
AU Santora, JA
Sydeman, WJ
Messie, M
Chai, F
Chao, Y
Thompson, SA
Wells, BK
Chavez, FP
AF Santora, Jarrod A.
Sydeman, William J.
Messie, Monique
Chai, Fei
Chao, Yi
Thompson, Sarah Ann
Wells, Brian K.
Chavez, Francisco P.
TI Triple check: Observations verify structural realism of an ocean
ecosystem model
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID CALIFORNIA CURRENT IMPLICATIONS; MARINE ECOSYSTEMS; KRILL; PRODUCTIVITY;
RECRUITMENT; ZOOPLANKTON; PREDATORS; TRANSPORT; PACIFIC; SYSTEM
AB Improvements in fisheries and ecosystem management could be made if the prediction of key zooplankton, such as krill, were possible using ocean ecosystem models. To examine structural realism, hence the validity of a coupled physical-biogeochemical model, we compared measured spatiotemporal dynamics of krill and seabird abundance off California to hindcasted mesozooplankton derived from an independently designed model. Observed krill and modeled mesozooplankton (Z2) displayed latitudinal coherence but distinct longitudinal offsets, possibly related to unrealistic bathymetry in the model. Temporally, Z2, Thysanoessa spinifera (a neritic krill species) and seabird density and reproductive performance were well correlated, indicating that quantitative prediction regarding marine predators in upwelling ecosystems is within reach. Despite its basin-scale framework, the ROMS-CoSiNE model captures zooplankton and top predator dynamics regionally in the central California region, suggesting its utility for management of marine ecosystems and highlighting rapid advances that can be made through collaboration between empirical scientists and ecosystem modelers.
C1 [Santora, Jarrod A.; Sydeman, William J.; Thompson, Sarah Ann] Farallon Inst Adv Ecosyst Res, Petaluma, CA 94952 USA.
[Messie, Monique; Chavez, Francisco P.] Monterey Bay Aquarium Res Inst, Moss Landing, CA USA.
[Chai, Fei] Univ Maine, Sch Marine Sci, Orono, ME USA.
[Chao, Yi] Remote Sensing Solut Inc, Pasadena, CA USA.
[Chao, Yi] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Joint Inst Reg Earth Syst Sci & Engn, Los Angeles, CA USA.
[Wells, Brian K.] NOAA, Fisheries Ecol Div, Southwest Fisheries Sci Ctr, Santa Cruz, CA USA.
RP Santora, JA (reprint author), Farallon Inst Adv Ecosyst Res, 101 H St,Suite Q, Petaluma, CA 94952 USA.
EM jasantora@gmail.com
RI Messie, Monique/K-2022-2012
OI Messie, Monique/0000-0002-4985-3413
FU California Ocean Protection Council [OPC-ENV-07, R/ENV-220]; California
Sea Grant [OPC-ENV-07, R/ENV-220]; NASA [NNX09AU39G]
FX Funding for this project was provided by grants from the California
Ocean Protection Council and California Sea Grant (OPC-ENV-07;
R/ENV-220) and NASA (project NNX09AU39G). We greatly appreciate the
comments and feedback from two anonymous reviewers and Valerie Loeb that
helped strengthen the study.
NR 23
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 2
U2 19
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD APR 16
PY 2013
VL 40
IS 7
DI 10.1002/grl.50312
PG 6
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 148BP
UT WOS:000319217600021
ER
PT J
AU Deyle, ER
Fogarty, M
Hsieh, CH
Kaufman, L
MacCall, AD
Munch, SB
Perretti, CT
Ye, H
Sugihara, G
AF Deyle, Ethan R.
Fogarty, Michael
Hsieh, Chih-hao
Kaufman, Les
MacCall, Alec D.
Munch, Stephan B.
Perretti, Charles T.
Ye, Hao
Sugihara, George
TI Predicting climate effects on Pacific sardine
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF
AMERICA
LA English
DT Article
DE ecosystem-based management; physical-biological interactions; state
space reconstruction; complex systems; time series analysis
ID TIME-SERIES; FLUCTUATIONS; RECRUITMENT; CALIFORNIA; FISHES; STOCK;
RECONSTRUCTION; OSCILLATION; TEMPERATURE; VARIABILITY
AB For many marine species and habitats, climate change and overfishing present a double threat. To manage marine resources effectively, it is necessary to adapt management to changes in the physical environment. Simple relationships between environmental conditions and fish abundance have long been used in both fisheries and fishery management. In many cases, however, physical, biological, and human variables feed back on each other. For these systems, associations between variables can change as the system evolves in time. This can obscure relationships between population dynamics and environmental variability, undermining our ability to forecast changes in populations tied to physical processes. Here we present a methodology for identifying physical forcing variables based on nonlinear forecasting and show how the method provides a predictive understanding of the influence of physical forcing on Pacific sardine.
C1 [Deyle, Ethan R.; Perretti, Charles T.; Ye, Hao; Sugihara, George] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
[Fogarty, Michael] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Northeast Fisheries Sci Ctr, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
[Hsieh, Chih-hao] Natl Taiwan Univ, Inst Oceanog, Taipei 10617, Taiwan.
[Hsieh, Chih-hao] Natl Taiwan Univ, Inst Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Taipei 10617, Taiwan.
[Kaufman, Les] Boston Univ, Dept Biol, Boston, MA 02215 USA.
[Kaufman, Les] Conservat Int, Arlington, VA 22202 USA.
[MacCall, Alec D.; Munch, Stephan B.] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, SW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
RP Deyle, ER (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
EM edeyle@ucsd.edu; gsugihara@ucsd.edu
RI Hsieh, Chih-hao/B-3797-2008
OI Hsieh, Chih-hao/0000-0001-5935-7272
FU National Science Foundation (NSF) [DEB1020372]; NSF-National Oceanic and
Atmospheric Administration Comparative Analysis of Marine Ecosystem
Organization (CAMEO) program [NA08OAR4320894/CAMEO]; Environmental
Protection Agency Science to Achieve Results fellowship; NSF Graduate
Research Fellowship Program; National Marine Fisheries Service/Sea Grant
Population Dynamics Fellowship; Sugihara Family Trust; Deutsche
Bank-Jameson Complexity Studies Fund; McQuown Chair in Natural Sciences,
University of California, San Diego; National Taiwan University,
National Science Council of Taiwan
FX This work was funded by National Science Foundation (NSF) Grant
DEB1020372, NSF-National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
Comparative Analysis of Marine Ecosystem Organization (CAMEO) program
Grant NA08OAR4320894/CAMEO, an Environmental Protection Agency Science
to Achieve Results fellowship, the NSF Graduate Research Fellowship
Program, a National Marine Fisheries Service/Sea Grant Population
Dynamics Fellowship, the Sugihara Family Trust, the Deutsche
Bank-Jameson Complexity Studies Fund, the McQuown Chair in Natural
Sciences, University of California, San Diego, and National Taiwan
University, National Science Council of Taiwan.
NR 37
TC 42
Z9 43
U1 8
U2 93
PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA
SN 0027-8424
J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA
JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A.
PD APR 16
PY 2013
VL 110
IS 16
BP 6430
EP 6435
DI 10.1073/pnas.1215506110
PG 6
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 132BA
UT WOS:000318041500047
PM 23536299
ER
PT J
AU Michalak, AM
Anderson, EJ
Beletsky, D
Boland, S
Bosch, NS
Bridgeman, TB
Chaffin, JD
Cho, K
Confesor, R
Daloglu, I
DePinto, JV
Evans, MA
Fahnenstiel, GL
He, LL
Ho, JC
Jenkins, L
Johengen, TH
Kuo, KC
LaPorte, E
Liu, XJ
McWilliams, MR
Moore, MR
Posselt, DJ
Richards, RP
Scavia, D
Steiner, AL
Verhamme, E
Wright, DM
Zagorski, MA
AF Michalak, Anna M.
Anderson, Eric J.
Beletsky, Dmitry
Boland, Steven
Bosch, Nathan S.
Bridgeman, Thomas B.
Chaffin, Justin D.
Cho, Kyunghwa
Confesor, Rem
Daloglu, Irem
DePinto, Joseph V.
Evans, Mary Anne
Fahnenstiel, Gary L.
He, Lingli
Ho, Jeff C.
Jenkins, Liza
Johengen, Thomas H.
Kuo, Kevin C.
LaPorte, Elizabeth
Liu, Xiaojian
McWilliams, Michael R.
Moore, Michael R.
Posselt, Derek J.
Richards, R. Peter
Scavia, Donald
Steiner, Allison L.
Verhamme, Ed
Wright, David M.
Zagorski, Melissa A.
TI Record-setting algal bloom in Lake Erie caused by agricultural and
meteorological trends consistent with expected future conditions
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF
AMERICA
LA English
DT Article
DE extreme precipitation events; climate change; aquatic ecology;
Microcystis sp.; Anabaena sp.
ID BLUE-GREEN-ALGAE; CENTRAL BASIN; MICROCYSTIS BLOOMS; DREISSENID MUSSELS;
GREAT-LAKES; SAGINAW BAY; PHOSPHORUS; EUTROPHICATION; CYANOBACTERIA;
ZEBRA
AB In 2011, Lake Erie experienced the largest harmful algal bloom in its recorded history, with a peak intensity over three times greater than any previously observed bloom. Here we show that long-term trends in agricultural practices are consistent with increasing phosphorus loading to the western basin of the lake, and that these trends, coupled with meteorological conditions in spring 2011, produced record-breaking nutrient loads. An extended period of weak lake circulation then led to abnormally long residence times that incubated the bloom, and warm and quiescent conditions after bloom onset allowed algae to remain near the top of the water column and prevented flushing of nutrients from the system. We further find that all of these factors are consistent with expected future conditions. If a scientifically guided management plan to mitigate these impacts is not implemented, we can therefore expect this bloom to be a harbinger of future blooms in Lake Erie.
C1 [Michalak, Anna M.] Carnegie Inst Sci, Dept Global Ecol, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
[Anderson, Eric J.] NOAA, Great Lakes Environm Res Lab, Ann Arbor, MI 48108 USA.
[Beletsky, Dmitry; Johengen, Thomas H.] Univ Michigan, Cooperat Inst Limnol & Ecosyst Res, Sch Nat Resources & Environm, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
[Boland, Steven; Kuo, Kevin C.; Liu, Xiaojian; Posselt, Derek J.; Steiner, Allison L.; Wright, David M.; Zagorski, Melissa A.] Univ Michigan, Dept Atmospher Ocean & Space Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
[Bosch, Nathan S.] Grace Coll, Winona Lake, IN 46590 USA.
[Bridgeman, Thomas B.; Chaffin, Justin D.] Univ Toledo, Dept Environm Sci, Toledo, OH 43606 USA.
[Cho, Kyunghwa; Daloglu, Irem; Evans, Mary Anne; Jenkins, Liza; Moore, Michael R.; Scavia, Donald] Univ Michigan, Sch Nat Resources & Environm, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
[Confesor, Rem; Richards, R. Peter] Heidelberg Univ, Natl Ctr Water Qual Res, Tiffin, OH 44883 USA.
[DePinto, Joseph V.] LimnoTech, Ann Arbor, MI 48108 USA.
[Fahnenstiel, Gary L.; Jenkins, Liza] Michigan Technol Univ, Michigan Tech Res Inst, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA.
[He, Lingli] Univ Michigan, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
[Ho, Jeff C.; Verhamme, Ed] Stanford Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
[Kuo, Kevin C.] Univ Michigan, Sch Publ Policy, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
[LaPorte, Elizabeth] Univ Michigan, Michigan Sea Grant, Sch Nat Resources & Environm, Ann Arbor, MI 48104 USA.
[McWilliams, Michael R.] Univ Michigan, Dept Econ, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
RP Michalak, AM (reprint author), Carnegie Inst Sci, Dept Global Ecol, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
EM michalak@stanford.edu
RI Posselt, Derek/I-4912-2012; Steiner, Allison/F-4942-2011;
OI Posselt, Derek/0000-0002-5670-5822; Evans, Mary
Anne/0000-0002-1627-7210; Scavia, Donald/0000-0002-2784-8269; Beletsky,
Dmitry/0000-0003-4532-0588; Anderson, Eric/0000-0001-5342-8383
FU National Science Foundation (NSF) [1039043, 1313897]; NSF [0927643];
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Center [NA07OAR432000];
Lake Erie Protection Fund [SG 4062011]; US Department of Energy
FX The authors thank Raisa Beletsky, Greg Lang, and David Schwab, who
provided modeling support and Todd Marsee for assistance with graphic
design. We acknowledge the World Climate Research Programme's Working
Group on Coupled Modelling, which is responsible for the Climate Model
Intercomparison Project (CMIP), and we thank the climate modeling groups
(listed in Table S3 of this paper) for producing and making available
their model output. This material is based upon work supported by the
National Science Foundation (NSF) under Grants 1039043 and 1313897.
Additional support was provided by NSF Grant 0927643 (to D.B.) and the
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Center for Sponsored
Coastal Ocean Research Grant NA07OAR432000 (to D.B., N.S.B., R.P.R., and
D.S.). Support was provided by Lake Erie Protection Fund SG 4062011 (to
J.D.C. and T.B.B.). For CMIP, the US Department of Energy's Program for
Climate Model Diagnosis and Intercomparison provided coordinating
support and led development of software infrastructure in partnership
with the Global Organization for Earth System Science Portals. This
paper is Eco-fore Lake Erie Contribution Number 12-009 and Great Lakes
Environmental Research Laboratory Contribution Number 1646, and Lake
Erie Center Contribution Number 2013-09.
NR 42
TC 221
Z9 225
U1 60
U2 515
PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA
SN 0027-8424
J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA
JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A.
PD APR 16
PY 2013
VL 110
IS 16
BP 6448
EP 6452
DI 10.1073/pnas.1216006110
PG 5
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 132BA
UT WOS:000318041500050
PM 23576718
ER
PT J
AU Stow, CA
Cha, Y
AF Stow, Craig A.
Cha, YoonKyung
TI Are Chlorophyll a-Total Phosphorus Correlations Useful for Inference and
Prediction?
SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID NUTRIENT RELATIONSHIPS; DREISSENA-POLYMORPHA; UNITED-STATES; ZEBRA
MUSSEL; LAKES; PHYTOPLANKTON; BIOMASS; MODELS; BIOVOLUME; ERROR
AB Correlations between chlorophyll a and total phosphorus in freshwater ecosystems were first documented in the 1960s and have been used since then to infer phosphorus limitation, build simple models, and develop management targets. Often these correlations are considered indicative of a cause-effect relationship. However, many scientists regard the use of these associations for modeling and inference to be misleading due to their potentially spurious nature. Using data from Saginaw Bay, Lake Huron, we examine the relationship among chlorophyll a, total phosphorus, and algal biomass measurements. We apply graphical models and recently developed "structure learning" principles that use conditional dependencies to help identify causal relationships among observational data. The spurious relationship suspected by some is not supported by our data, whereas a direct relationship between chlorophyll a and total phosphorus is always supported, and an additional indirect relationship with an algal biomass intermediary is plausible under some circumstances. Thus, we conclude that these correlations are useful for simple model building but encourage the use of modern statistical methods to avoid common model-assumption violations.
C1 [Stow, Craig A.] NOAA, Great Lakes Environm Res Lab, Ann Arbor, MI 48108 USA.
[Cha, YoonKyung] Univ Michigan, Cooperat Inst Limnol & Ecosyst Res, Ann Arbor, MI 48108 USA.
RP Stow, CA (reprint author), NOAA, Great Lakes Environm Res Lab, 4840 South State Rd, Ann Arbor, MI 48108 USA.
EM craig.stow@noaa.gov
OI Stow, Craig/0000-0001-6171-7855
FU National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Center
FX Pat Soranno, Ken Reckhow, Steve Carpenter, and Tara Stow reviewed early
versions of this manuscript. This research was sponsored by a grant from
the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Center for Sponsored
Coastal Ocean Research. GLERL contribution number 1655.
NR 50
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 2
U2 33
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0013-936X
J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL
JI Environ. Sci. Technol.
PD APR 16
PY 2013
VL 47
IS 8
BP 3768
EP 3773
DI 10.1021/es304997p
PG 6
WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 129BM
UT WOS:000317813400029
PM 23496057
ER
PT J
AU Hirai, D
Bremholm, M
Allred, JM
Krizan, J
Schoop, LM
Huang, Q
Tao, J
Cava, RJ
AF Hirai, Daigorou
Bremholm, Martin
Allred, Jared M.
Krizan, Jason
Schoop, Leslie M.
Huang, Qing
Tao, Jing
Cava, R. J.
TI Spontaneous Formation of Zigzag Chains at the Metal-Insulator Transition
in the beta-Pyrochlore CsW2O6
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; OXIDE; SPINEL; RBOS2O6; LIV2O4
AB A paramagnetic metal to nonmagnetic insulator transition at T-MIT = 210 K is reported for the beta-pyrochlore oxide CsW2O6, accompanied by a first order structural transition that creates < 110 > oriented chains in the pyrochlore lattice. Comparison of CsW2O6, which has 1 electron per 2 W sites, to the fully d(0) analog CsTaWO6 shows that the transitions are electronically driven. Corefinement of high resolution synchrotron x-ray and neutron diffraction data shows that the structural distortion that creates the W chains cannot be attributed to simple charge or orbital ordering. Density functional theory calculations suggest that the phase transition is driven by a sharply peaked electronic density of states near the Fermi energy in the cubic beta-pyrochlore phase. A further electronic instability is required to create the insulating ground state. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.110.166402
C1 [Hirai, Daigorou; Bremholm, Martin; Allred, Jared M.; Krizan, Jason; Schoop, Leslie M.; Cava, R. J.] Princeton Univ, Dept Chem, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
[Huang, Qing] NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Tao, Jing] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Phys & Mat Sci Dept, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
RP Hirai, D (reprint author), Univ Tokyo, Dept Phys, Hongo 7-3-1, Tokyo 1130033, Japan.
RI Schoop, Leslie/A-4627-2013; Hirai, Daigorou/E-6087-2013; Allred,
Jared/N-4719-2014
OI Schoop, Leslie/0000-0003-3459-4241; Hirai, Daigorou/0000-0003-2883-4376;
Allred, Jared/0000-0002-5953-300X
FU U.S. DOE, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-FG02-45706]; U.S. DOE,
Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-06CH11357];
U.S. Department of Energy, Basic Energy Sciences; Materials Sciences and
Engineering Division [DE-AC02-98CH10886]
FX The authors thank B. H. Toby, L. Ribaud, and M. Suchomel at beam line
11-BM at the APS for their excellent diffraction data, and S. Jia for
helpful discussions. This work was supported by the U.S. DOE, Office of
Basic Energy Sciences, Grant No. DE-FG02-45706. Use of the APS at
Argonne National Laboratory was supported by the U.S. DOE, Office of
Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No.
DE-AC02-06CH11357. The work at BNL was supported by the U.S. Department
of Energy, Basic Energy Sciences, by the Materials Sciences and
Engineering Division under Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886 and through
the use of the Center for Functional Nanomaterials.
NR 25
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Z9 5
U1 6
U2 84
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0031-9007
J9 PHYS REV LETT
JI Phys. Rev. Lett.
PD APR 16
PY 2013
VL 110
IS 16
AR 166402
DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.110.166402
PG 5
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 129BO
UT WOS:000317813600007
PM 23679626
ER
PT J
AU Hoeke, RK
Storlazzi, CD
Ridd, PV
AF Hoeke, Ron K.
Storlazzi, Curt D.
Ridd, Peter V.
TI Drivers of circulation in a fringing coral reef embayment: A wave-flow
coupled numerical modeling study of Hanalei Bay, Hawaii
SO CONTINENTAL SHELF RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Coral reefs; Coastal circulation; Storms; Waves; Sediment transport;
Hawaii Pacific
ID SET-UP; COASTAL REGIONS; RESIDENCE TIME; LAGOON; WATER; SEDIMENT; KAUAI;
ISLANDS; ATOLL; STEEP
AB A coupled wave-circulation numerical model of Hanalei Bay, Hawaii, was constructed to investigate controls on nearshore hydrodynamics and overall circulation of a bathymetrically-complex coral reef embayment that is exposed to large waves and river floods several times per annum. The model was calibrated using in situ data representative of the two conditions that dominate the region's wave climate: one associated with local trade winds and associated trade-wind waves, and the other with distant-source episodic large swells. The model results were improved by including spatially-varying hydrodynamic bed roughness and making the semi-empirical wave-breaking parameter dependent on incident wave steepness and reef slope. During trade-wind conditions, circulation was primarily wind-driven and volume flux-based flushing times of the bay were on the order of 35 h. Under the episodic swell conditions, circulation were dominated by wave-driven flows and flushing times decreased to as little as 2 h. The vigorous hydrodynamics that occur during the upper 10% most energetic swell conditions indicate that only a few (0-10) events each year are likely capable of exporting significant volumes of sediment from the bay. Like many fringing reef areas backed by steep-sided watersheds on tropical and sub-tropical high islands worldwide, Hanalei Bay receives high episodic fluvial sediment load during a similarly low number of flood events. These similarly episodic but decoupled processes of sediment delivery and removal identified here suggest that the water quality and sedimentary environment of Hanalei Bay and similar linked watershed-reef systems are sensitive to changes in annual storm frequency and intensity. (c) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Hoeke, Ron K.] Univ Hawaii, Joint Inst Marine & Atmospher Res, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
[Hoeke, Ron K.] NOAA Pacific Isl Fisheries Sci Ctr, Honolulu, HI USA.
[Hoeke, Ron K.; Ridd, Peter V.] James Cook Univ, Sch Phys & Engn, Townsville, Qld 4811, Australia.
[Storlazzi, Curt D.] US Geol Survey, Pacific Coastal & Marine Sci Ctr, Santa Cruz, CA USA.
RP Hoeke, RK (reprint author), CSIRO Marine & Atmospher Res, 107-121 Stn St, Aspendale, Vic 3196, Australia.
EM Ron.hoeke@csiro.au
RI Hoeke, Ron/F-4085-2014; Ridd, Peter/M-5871-2014; TropWATER, Research
ID/P-1401-2014;
OI Hoeke, Ron/0000-0003-0576-9436; Storlazzi, Curt/0000-0001-8057-4490
FU US Geological Survey's Coral Reef Project; NOAA's Coral Reef
Conservation Program; Australia Institute of Marine Science AIMS@JCU
program
FX This work was jointly supported by the US Geological Survey's Coral Reef
Project, NOAA's Coral Reef Conservation Program, and the Australia
Institute of Marine Science AIMS@JCU program.
NR 75
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Z9 9
U1 0
U2 23
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0278-4343
EI 1873-6955
J9 CONT SHELF RES
JI Cont. Shelf Res.
PD APR 15
PY 2013
VL 58
BP 79
EP 95
DI 10.1016/j.csr.2013.03.007
PG 17
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA 161RK
UT WOS:000320210800007
ER
PT J
AU Kramida, A
AF Kramida, Alexander
TI A Critical Compilation of Energy Levels, Spectral Lines, and Transition
Probabilities of Singly Ionized Silver, Ag II
SO JOURNAL OF RESEARCH OF THE NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS AND
TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE atomic energy levels; critically evaluated data; ionization limit;
singly ionized silver; transition probabilities; wavelengths
ID LASER TRANSITIONS; EXTENDED ANALYSIS; SPARK SPECTRUM; TERM SYSTEM;
REGION; WAVELENGTHS; PALLADIUM
AB All available experimental measurements of the spectrum of the Ag+ ion are critically reviewed. Systematic shifts are removed from the measured wavelengths. The compiled list of critically evaluated wavelengths is used to derive a comprehensive list of energy levels with well-defined uncertainties. Eigenvector compositions and level designations are found in two alternate coupling schemes. Some of the older work is found to be incorrect. A revised value of the ionization energy, 173283( 7) cm(-1), equivalent to 21.4844(8) eV, is derived from the new energy levels. A set of critically evaluated transition probabilities is given.
C1 NIST, Atom Spect Grp, Quantum Measurement Div, Phys Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Kramida, A (reprint author), NIST, Atom Spect Grp, Quantum Measurement Div, Phys Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM alexander.kramida@nist.gov
OI Kramida, Alexander/0000-0002-0788-8087
FU U. S. National Aeronautics and Space Administration
FX This work is supported in part by the U. S. National Aeronautics and
Space Administration.
NR 34
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 1
U2 7
PU US GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE
PI WASHINGTON
PA SUPERINTENDENT DOCUMENTS,, WASHINGTON, DC 20402-9325 USA
SN 1044-677X
J9 J RES NATL INST STAN
JI J. Res. Natl. Inst. Stand. Technol.
PD APR 15
PY 2013
VL 118
BP 168
EP 198
DI 10.6028/jres.118.009
PG 31
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics
GA 140WS
UT WOS:000318687700001
PM 26401429
ER
PT J
AU Long, WC
Swiney, KM
Foy, RJ
AF Long, W. Christopher
Swiney, Katherine M.
Foy, Robert J.
TI Effects of ocean acidification on the embryos and larvae of red king
crab, Paralithodes camtschaticus
SO MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN
LA English
DT Article
DE Ocean acidification; Red king crab; Embryo development; Larvae;
Environmental stressor
ID ACID-BASE-BALANCE; SEA-URCHIN; CHASMAGNATHUS-GRANULATA;
INCUBATION-TEMPERATURE; SEAWATER ACIDIFICATION; CHIONOECETES-OPILIO;
THERMAL TOLERANCE; ESTUARINE CRAB; LIFE-HISTORY; SNOW CRAB
AB The effects of the decline in ocean pH, known as ocean acidification, on marine species are not well understood. To test the effects on embryos and larvae of red king crab, Paralithodes camtschaticus, ovigerous crab and their larvae were held in CO2-acidified (pH 7.7) and control (ambient; pH 8.0) seawater during development. Morphometrics, hatch duration, fecundity, survival, mineral content, and condition were measured. Acidified embryos had 4% larger eyes and 5% smaller yolks, while mean hatch duration was 33% longer and female fecundity was unaffected. Acidified embryos also resulted in 4% longer larvae while acidified larvae had lower survival. Calcium content of both larvae and female carapaces after molting increased by 5% and 19%, respectively. Although ocean acidification may increase larval size and calcium content, the implications of this are unclear and decreased survival is likely to harm red king crab populations. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Long, W. Christopher; Swiney, Katherine M.; Foy, Robert J.] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Resource Assessment & Conservat Engn Div,Kodiak L, Kodiak, AK 99615 USA.
RP Long, WC (reprint author), NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Resource Assessment & Conservat Engn Div,Kodiak L, 301 Res Ct, Kodiak, AK 99615 USA.
EM chris.long@noaa.gov
RI Long, William/C-7074-2009;
OI Long, William/0000-0002-7095-1245; Swiney, Katherine/0000-0001-5482-2710
NR 56
TC 24
Z9 25
U1 5
U2 87
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0025-326X
EI 1879-3363
J9 MAR POLLUT BULL
JI Mar. Pollut. Bull.
PD APR 15
PY 2013
VL 69
IS 1-2
BP 38
EP 47
DI 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2013.01.011
PG 10
WC Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 136QB
UT WOS:000318377400018
ER
PT J
AU Jantz, LA
Morishige, CL
Bruland, GL
Lepczyk, CA
AF Jantz, Lesley A.
Morishige, Carey L.
Bruland, Gregory L.
Lepczyk, Christopher A.
TI Ingestion of plastic marine debris by longnose lancetfish (Alepisaurus
ferox) in the North Pacific Ocean
SO MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN
LA English
DT Article
DE Hawaii-based longline fishery; Ingestion; Longnose lancetfish; Marine
debris; Piscivorous fish; Plastic
ID TURTLES CARETTA-CARETTA; SEA-TURTLES; ENVIRONMENT; WATERS; HAWAII; DIET;
MIGRATION; POLLUTION; HABITAT; FORAGE
AB Plastic marine debris affects species on most trophic levels, including pelagic fish. While plastic debris ingestion has been investigated in planktivorous fish in the North Pacific Ocean, little knowledge exists on piscivorous fish. The objectives of this study were to determine the frequency of occurrence and the composition of ingested plastic marine debris in longnose lancetfish (Alepisaurus ferox), a piscivorous fish species captured in the Hawaii-based pelagic longline fishery. Nearly a quarter (47 of 192) of A. ferox sampled contained plastic marine debris, primarily in the form of plastic fragments (51.9%). No relationship existed between size (silhouette area) or amount of plastic marine debris ingested and morphometrics of A. ferox. Although A. ferox are not consumed by humans, they are common prey for fish commercially harvested for human consumption. Further research is needed to determine residence time of ingested plastic marine debris and behavior of toxins associated with plastic debris. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Jantz, Lesley A.] NOAA, Pacific Isl Reg Observer Program, Honolulu, HI 96817 USA.
[Morishige, Carey L.] NOAA, Marine Debris Program, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
[Morishige, Carey L.] IM Syst Grp Inc, Rockville, MD 20852 USA.
[Bruland, Gregory L.] Principia Coll, Dept Biol, Elsah, IL 62028 USA.
[Lepczyk, Christopher A.] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Dept Nat Resources & Environm Management, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
RP Jantz, LA (reprint author), NOAA, Pacific Isl Reg Observer Program, 1601 Kapiolani Blvd,Suite 1110, Honolulu, HI 96817 USA.
EM Lesley.Jantz@noaa.gov; Carey.Morishige@noaa.gov; Greg.Bruland@prin.edu;
lepczyk@hawaii.edu
OI Bruland, Gregory/0000-0002-3016-8088
NR 36
TC 22
Z9 26
U1 9
U2 96
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0025-326X
EI 1879-3363
J9 MAR POLLUT BULL
JI Mar. Pollut. Bull.
PD APR 15
PY 2013
VL 69
IS 1-2
BP 97
EP 104
DI 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2013.01.019
PG 8
WC Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 136QB
UT WOS:000318377400024
PM 23465573
ER
PT J
AU Sapozhnikova, Y
Wirth, E
Schiff, K
Fulton, M
AF Sapozhnikova, Yelena
Wirth, Edward
Schiff, Kenneth
Fulton, Michael
TI Antifouling biocides in water and sediments from California marinas
SO MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN
LA English
DT Article
DE Irgarol 1051; M1; Diuron; Water; Sediments; Marinas; California
ID PAINT BOOSTER BIOCIDES; COASTAL WATERS; AQUATIC ENVIRONMENT; SOUTHERN
CALIFORNIA; IRGAROL 1051; FATE; PERSISTENCE; CONTAMINATION; METABOLITE;
PARTICLES
AB Irgarol 1051 is a common antifouling biocide and is highly toxic to non-target plant species at low ng/L concentrations. We measured up to 254 ng/L Irgarol in water and up to 9 ng/g dry weight Irgarol in sediments from Southern California recreational marinas. Irgarol's metabolite, M1, concentrations were up to 62 ng/L in water and 5 ng/g dry weight in sediments. Another antifouling biocide, diuron, reached up to 68 ng/L in water and 4 ng/g dry weight in sediments. The maximum Irgarol concentrations in water were greater than the Irgarol concentration recommended as the plant toxicity benchmark (136 ng/L), suggesting that Irgarol concentrations may be high enough to cause changes in phytoplankton communities in the sampled marinas. Irgarol concentrations measured in sediments were greater than calculated Environmental Risk Limits (ERLs) for Irgarol in sediments (1.4 ng/g). Antifouling pesticide accumulation in sediments may present a potential undetermined risk for benthic organisms. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Sapozhnikova, Yelena] NOAA, JHT Inc, Charleston, SC 29412 USA.
[Sapozhnikova, Yelena; Wirth, Edward; Fulton, Michael] NOAA, Natl Ocean Serv, Ctr Coastal Environm Hlth & Biomol Res, Charleston, SC 29412 USA.
[Schiff, Kenneth] Southern Calif Coastal Water Res Project, Costa Mesa, CA 92626 USA.
RP Sapozhnikova, Y (reprint author), USDA ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, 600 E Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA.
EM yelena.sapozhnikova@ars.usda.gov
NR 28
TC 16
Z9 18
U1 2
U2 36
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0025-326X
EI 1879-3363
J9 MAR POLLUT BULL
JI Mar. Pollut. Bull.
PD APR 15
PY 2013
VL 69
IS 1-2
BP 189
EP 194
DI 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2013.01.039
PG 6
WC Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 136QB
UT WOS:000318377400036
PM 23453818
ER
PT J
AU Bookatz, AD
Jordan, SP
Liu, YK
Wocjan, P
AF Bookatz, Adam D.
Jordan, Stephen P.
Liu, Yi-Kai
Wocjan, Pawel
TI Quantum nonexpander problem is quantum-Merlin-Arthur-complete
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A
LA English
DT Article
ID EXPANDERS; QMA
AB A quantum expander is a unital quantum channel that is rapidly mixing, has only a few Kraus operators, and can be implemented efficiently on a quantum computer. We consider the problem of estimating the mixing time (i.e., the spectral gap) of a quantum expander. We show that the problem of deciding whether a quantum channel is not rapidly mixing is a complete problem for the quantum Merlin-Arthur complexity class. This has applications to testing randomized constructions of quantum expanders and studying thermalization of open quantum systems. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevA.87.042317
C1 [Bookatz, Adam D.; Wocjan, Pawel] MIT, Ctr Theoret Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
[Jordan, Stephen P.; Liu, Yi-Kai] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Wocjan, Pawel] MIT, Dept Math, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
RP Bookatz, AD (reprint author), MIT, Ctr Theoret Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
EM bookatz@mit.edu; stephen.jordan@nist.gov; yi-kai.liu@nist.gov;
wocjan@eecs.ucf.edu
FU US Department of Energy [DE-FG02-05ER41360]; National Science Foundation
Science and Technology Center for Science of Information [CCF-0939370];
NSF [CCF-0746600]
FX This work was supported in part by the US Department of Energy under
cooperative research agreement Contract No. DE-FG02-05ER41360, as well
as by the National Science Foundation Science and Technology Center for
Science of Information under Grant No. CCF-0939370. P.W. gratefully
acknowledges the support from NSF CAREER Award No. CCF-0746600.
Contributions to this work by NIST, an agency of the US government, are
not subject to US copyright.
NR 25
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 2469-9926
EI 2469-9934
J9 PHYS REV A
JI Phys. Rev. A
PD APR 15
PY 2013
VL 87
IS 4
AR 042317
DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.87.042317
PG 10
WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Optics; Physics
GA 126BJ
UT WOS:000317585800006
ER
PT J
AU Adem, SM
Mansfield, E
Keogh, JP
Hall, HK
Aspinwall, CA
AF Adem, Seid M.
Mansfield, Elisabeth
Keogh, John P.
Hall, Henry K., Jr.
Aspinwall, Craig A.
TI Practical considerations for preparing polymerized phospholipid bilayer
capillary coatings for protein separations
SO ANALYTICA CHIMICA ACTA
LA English
DT Article
DE Phospholipids; Capillary coating; Polymerized lipid bilayer; Bis-SorbPC
ID AQUEOUS-ORGANIC MEDIA; SILICA CAPILLARIES; VESICLE FUSION;
ELECTROPHORESIS; ADSORPTION; STABILITY; PH; LIPOSOMES; FABRICATION;
ASSEMBLIES
AB Phosphorylcholine (PC) based phospholipid bilayers have proven useful as capillary coating materials due to their inherent resistance to non-specific protein adsorption. The primary limitation of this important class of capillary coatings remains the limited long-term chemical and physical stability of the coatings. Recently, a method for increasing phospholipid coating stability in fused silica capillaries via utilization of polymerized, synthetic phospholipids was reported. Here, we expand upon these studies by investigating polymerized lipid bilayer capillary coatings with respect to separation performance including run-to-run, day-to-day and column-to-column reproducibility and long-term stability. In addition, the effects of pH and capillary inner diameter on polymerized phospholipid coated capillaries were investigated to identify optimized coating conditions. The coatings are stabilized for protein separations across a wide range of pH values (4.0-9.3), a unique property for capillary coating materials. Additionally, smaller inner diameter capillaries (<= 50 mu m) were found to yield marked enhancements in coating stability and reproducibility compared to wider bore capillaries, demonstrating the importance of capillary size for separations employing polymerized phospholipid coatings. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Adem, Seid M.] Washburn Univ, Dept Chem, Topeka, KS 66621 USA.
[Adem, Seid M.; Mansfield, Elisabeth; Keogh, John P.; Hall, Henry K., Jr.; Aspinwall, Craig A.] Univ Arizona, Dept Chem & Biochem, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
[Mansfield, Elisabeth] NIST, Appl Chem & Mat Div, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Aspinwall, Craig A.] Univ Arizona, Inst Bio5, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
RP Adem, SM (reprint author), 1700 SW Coll Ave, Topeka, KS 66621 USA.
EM seid.adem@washburn.edu
OI Aspinwall, Craig/0000-0002-4359-5812
FU National Institutes of Health [GM095763, EB007047]
FX This study was supported by the National Institutes of Health under
grant numbers GM095763 and EB007047.
NR 43
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 4
U2 40
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0003-2670
J9 ANAL CHIM ACTA
JI Anal. Chim. Acta
PD APR 15
PY 2013
VL 772
BP 93
EP 98
DI 10.1016/j.aca.2013.02.023
PG 6
WC Chemistry, Analytical
SC Chemistry
GA 126RA
UT WOS:000317637700012
PM 23540253
ER
PT J
AU Kuo, PS
Pelc, JS
Slattery, O
Kim, YS
Fejer, MM
Tang, X
AF Kuo, Paulina S.
Pelc, Jason S.
Slattery, Oliver
Kim, Yong-Su
Fejer, M. M.
Tang, Xiao
TI Reducing noise in single-photon-level frequency conversion
SO OPTICS LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID LINBO3 WAVE-GUIDES; UP-CONVERSION; WAVELENGTH; DETECTOR; INTERFACE;
EFFICIENT; BAND
AB We demonstrate low-noise and efficient frequency conversion by sum-frequency mixing in a periodically poled LiNbO3 (PPLN) waveguide. Using a 1556 nm pump, 1302 nm photons are efficiently converted to 709 nm photons. We obtain 70% conversion efficiency in the PPLN waveguide and >50% external conversion efficiency with 600 noise counts per second at peak conversion with continuous-wave pumping. We simultaneously achieve low noise and high conversion efficiency by careful spectral filtering. We discuss the impact of low-noise frequency translation on single-photon upconversion detection and quantum information applications. (C) 2013 Optical Society of America
C1 [Kuo, Paulina S.; Slattery, Oliver; Kim, Yong-Su; Tang, Xiao] NIST, Informat Technol Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Kuo, Paulina S.] NIST, Joint Quantum Inst, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Kuo, Paulina S.] Univ Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Pelc, Jason S.; Fejer, M. M.] Stanford Univ, Edward L Ginzton Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
RP Kuo, PS (reprint author), NIST, Informat Technol Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM pkuo@nist.gov
NR 20
TC 20
Z9 20
U1 4
U2 35
PU OPTICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0146-9592
J9 OPT LETT
JI Opt. Lett.
PD APR 15
PY 2013
VL 38
IS 8
BP 1310
EP 1312
DI 10.1364/OL.38.001310
PG 3
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA 125ZG
UT WOS:000317580200043
PM 23595468
ER
PT J
AU Ratcliff, W
Yamani, Z
Anbusathaiah, V
Gao, TR
Kienzle, PA
Cao, H
Takeuchi, I
AF Ratcliff, W., II
Yamani, Zahra
Anbusathaiah, V.
Gao, T. R.
Kienzle, P. A.
Cao, H.
Takeuchi, I.
TI Electric-field-controlled antiferromagnetic domains in epitaxial BiFeO3
thin films probed by neutron diffraction
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID EXCHANGE BIAS; ROOM-TEMPERATURE; HETEROSTRUCTURES
AB Direct evidence of controlling the population of magnetic domains in BiFeO3 thin films through electric field is reported using neutron diffraction. By fabricating BiFeO3 thin films on vicinal SrTiO3 substrates, we have achieved ferroelectric monodomains as confirmed by piezoresponse force microscopy. The application of an electric field between the bottom SrRuO3 and the top electrode switches the ferroelectric domain state with concomitant changes in magnetic reflections observed with neutron diffraction, indicating changes in the antiferromagnetic domain populations. The observed magnetoelectric switching behavior by neutron diffraction is compared with the electric-field effect on the magneto-optical Kerr effect measurement on patterned pads of exchange coupled Co film deposited on top of the BiFeO3 films. The present result shows possible new directions for the realization of magnetoelectric devices. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevB.87.140405
C1 [Ratcliff, W., II; Kienzle, P. A.] NIST, NIST Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Yamani, Zahra] Chalk River Labs, Natl Res Council, Canadian Neutron Beam Ctr, Chalk River, ON K0J 1J0, Canada.
[Anbusathaiah, V.; Gao, T. R.; Takeuchi, I.] Univ Maryland, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, College Pk, MD 20424 USA.
[Cao, H.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Quantum Condensed Matter Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Ratcliff, W (reprint author), NIST, NIST Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM william.ratcliff@nist.gov
RI Gao, Tieren/F-6410-2013; yamani, zahra/B-7892-2012; Cao,
Huibo/A-6835-2016
OI Cao, Huibo/0000-0002-5970-4980
FU UMD-NSF-MRSEC [DMR 0520471]; NSF DMR [0603644]; ARO [W911NF-07-1-0410];
W. M. Keck Foundation; Scientific User Facilities Division, Office of
Basic Energy Sciences, US Department of Energy; National Institute of
Standards and Technology, US Department of Commerce [70NANB7H6177]
FX We acknowledge useful contributions from K. Kothapalli. We also
acknowledge useful conversations with Mark Stiles and J. A. Borchers.
Work at Maryland was supported by access to the Shared Experimental
Facilities of the UMD-NSF-MRSEC (DMR 0520471), NSF DMR 0603644, and ARO
W911NF-07-1-0410. The work was also supported by the W. M. Keck
Foundation. The research at the High Flux Isotope Reactor, Oak Ridge
National Laboratory was supported by the Scientific User Facilities
Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, US Department of Energy. We
acknowledge the support of the National Institute of Standards and
Technology, US Department of Commerce through Grant No. 70NANB7H6177 and
in providing neutron research facilities used in this work.
NR 23
TC 16
Z9 16
U1 1
U2 76
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1098-0121
EI 1550-235X
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD APR 15
PY 2013
VL 87
IS 14
AR 140405
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.87.140405
PG 6
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 126CA
UT WOS:000317587700001
ER
PT J
AU Lee, JH
Chung, JY
Chan, EP
Stafford, CM
AF Lee, Jung-Hyun
Chung, Jun Young
Chan, Edwin P.
Stafford, Christopher M.
TI Correlating chlorine-induced changes in mechanical properties to
performance in polyamide-based thin film composite membranes
SO JOURNAL OF MEMBRANE SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE Thin film composite membranes; Mechanical properties; Chlorination;
Reverse osmosis; Nanofiltration
ID REVERSE-OSMOSIS MEMBRANE; HYDROGEN-BONDING BEHAVIOR; HYPOCHLORITE
DEGRADATION; NF MEMBRANES; NANOFILTRATION MEMBRANES; WATER-PURIFICATION;
LAYER; RO; HETEROGENEITY; DESALINATION
AB In this study, chlorine-induced structural changes of fully-aromatic and semi-aromatic polyamide (PA) active layers used in reverse osmosis (RO) and nanofiltration (NF) membranes, respectively, were investigated by a combination of mechanical property measurements and performance studies. Our results indicated that chlorination causes quite different changes in mechanical properties of the active layer depending on the chemical nature of the PA, as identified by increased brittleness for a fully-aromatic PA and improved ductility for a semi-aromatic PA. Moreover, the results revealed that the mechanical responses of the PA active layers after chlorine exposure correlate to the overall membrane performance.
A significant increase in water flux and a large decrease in salt rejection were observed for the RO membrane after chlorination, which can be ascribed to the increased fragility and resultant defects of the oxidized fully-aromatic PA network. In sharp contrast, the chlorination of the NE membrane resulted in a slightly reduced water flux accompanied with improved salt rejection, suggestive of structural compaction and densification of the semi-aromatic PA network induced by enhanced chain flexibility. We contend that our thin film measurement methodology provides key mechanical property measurements of the PA active layer and begins to bridge the gap between compositional chemical analyses and membrane performance measurements. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Lee, Jung-Hyun; Chung, Jun Young; Chan, Edwin P.; Stafford, Christopher M.] NIST, Div Polymers, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Lee, Jung-Hyun] Korea Inst Sci & Technol, Ctr Mat Architecturing, Seoul 136791, South Korea.
RP Stafford, CM (reprint author), NIST, Div Polymers, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM chris.stafford@nist.gov
RI Lee, Jung-Hyun/H-1096-2011
FU Center for Materials Architecturing of KIST
FX The authors thank Hydranautics/Nitto Denko and Dow Filmtec for providing
membrane materials. This work is an official contribution of the
National Institute of Standards and Technology; not subject to copyright
in the United States. This work was financially supported in part by a
grant from the Center for Materials Architecturing of KIST.
NR 37
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 3
U2 44
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0376-7388
J9 J MEMBRANE SCI
JI J. Membr. Sci.
PD APR 15
PY 2013
VL 433
BP 72
EP 79
DI 10.1016/j.memsci.2013.01.026
PG 8
WC Engineering, Chemical; Polymer Science
SC Engineering; Polymer Science
GA 115FW
UT WOS:000316799000009
ER
PT J
AU Zhao, J
Barnes, B
Melo, N
English, D
Lapointe, B
Muller-Karger, F
Schaeffer, B
Hu, CM
AF Zhao, Jun
Barnes, Brian
Melo, Nelson
English, David
Lapointe, Brian
Muller-Karger, Frank
Schaeffer, Blake
Hu, Chuanmin
TI Assessment of satellite-derived diffuse attenuation coefficients and
euphotic depths in south Florida coastal waters
SO REMOTE SENSING OF ENVIRONMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Ocean color; Remote sensing; MODIS; SeaWiFS; Bio-optical algorithm;
Diffuse attenuation coefficient; Euphotic depth
ID GULF-OF-MEXICO; CHLOROPHYLL-A CONCENTRATIONS; REMOTE-SENSING
REFLECTANCE; OCEAN-COLOR; SHALLOW WATERS; BIOOPTICAL PROPERTIES;
MULTISENSOR APPROACH; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; CASE-1 WATERS; SEAWIFS
AB Optical data collected in coastal waters off South Florida and in the Caribbean Sea between January 2009 and December 2010 were used to evaluate products derived with three bio-optical inversion algorithms applied to MODIS/Aqua, MODIS/Terra, and SeaWiFS satellite observations. The products included the diffuse attenuation coefficient at 490 nm (K-d_490) and for the visible range (K-d_PAR), and euphotic depth (Z(eu), corresponding to 1% of the surface incident photosynthetically available radiation or PAR). Above-water hyperspectral reflectance data collected over optically shallow waters of the Florida Keys between June 1997 and August 2011 were used to help understand algorithm performance over optically shallow waters. The in situ data covered a variety of water types in South Florida and the Caribbean Sea, ranging from deep clear waters, turbid coastal waters, and optically shallow waters (K-d_490 range of similar to 0.03-1.29 m(-1)). An algorithm based on Inherent Optical Properties (IOPs) showed the best performance (RMSD<13% and R-2 similar to 1.0 for MODIS/Aqua and SeaWiFS). Two algorithms based on empirical regressions performed well for offshore clear waters, but underestimated K-d_490 and K-d_PAR in coastal waters due to high turbidity or shallow bottom contamination. Similar results were obtained when only in situ data were used to evaluate algorithm performance. The excellent agreement between satellite-derived remote sensing reflectance (R-rs) and in situ R-rs suggested that the different product uncertainties resulted primarily from algorithm inversion as opposed to atmospheric correction. A simple empirical model was developed to derive Z(eu), from K-d_490 for satellite measurements of nearshore waters. MODIS/Aqua gave the best results in general relative to in situ observations. Our findings lay the basis for synoptic time-series studies of water quality in coastal ecosystems, yet more work is required to minimize the bottom interference in the Florida Keys optically shallow waters. (c) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 [Zhao, Jun; Barnes, Brian; English, David; Muller-Karger, Frank; Hu, Chuanmin] Univ S Florida, Coll Marine Sci, St Petersburg, FL 33701 USA.
[Melo, Nelson] NOAA, Atlantic Oceanog & Meterol Lab, Washington, DC USA.
[Melo, Nelson] Univ Miami, Cooperat Inst Marine & Atmospher Studies, Coral Gables, FL 33124 USA.
[Lapointe, Brian] Florida Atlantic Univ, Harbor Branch Oceanog Inst, Boca Raton, FL 33431 USA.
[Schaeffer, Blake] US EPA, Washington, DC USA.
RP Hu, CM (reprint author), Univ S Florida, Coll Marine Sci, 140 7th Ave S, St Petersburg, FL 33701 USA.
EM hu@marine.usf.edu
RI Melo, Nelson/A-5983-2011
OI Melo, Nelson/0000-0001-7563-5420
FU U.S. NASA Biology and Biogeochemistry Program; Gulf of Mexico Program;
Water and Energy Cycle Program; NOAA/OAR Ship Charter Fund; NOAA's
Center for Sponsored Coastal Ocean Research; NOAA's Deepwater Horizon
Supplemental Appropriation; US Army Corps of Engineers
FX This study was supported by the U.S. NASA Biology and Biogeochemistry
Program, Gulf of Mexico Program, and Water and Energy Cycle Program.
Field support came from the South Florida Program (SFP) of NOAA's
Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory. The SFP has been
funded by the NOAA/OAR Ship Charter Fund, NOAA's Center for Sponsored
Coastal Ocean Research, NOAA's Deepwater Horizon Supplemental
Appropriation, and the US Army Corps of Engineers. We are indebted to
the NASA Ocean Biology Processing Group (OBPG) who distributed the
SeaDAS software package as well as MODIS and SeaWiFS data. We also want
to thank George Craven, John Lehrter, and Jessica Aukamp from the US
EPA, as well as the crew of the R/V F. G. Walton Smith for their
assistance in collecting the in situ data. We are thankful to two
anonymous reviewers who provided substantial comments and suggestions
that led to the improvement of this manuscript.
NR 52
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U1 3
U2 63
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 0034-4257
EI 1879-0704
J9 REMOTE SENS ENVIRON
JI Remote Sens. Environ.
PD APR 15
PY 2013
VL 131
BP 38
EP 50
DI 10.1016/j.rse.2012.12.009
PG 13
WC Environmental Sciences; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic
Technology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science &
Photographic Technology
GA 098JZ
UT WOS:000315546900003
ER
PT J
AU Hirpa, FA
Hopson, TM
De Groeve, T
Brakenridge, GR
Gebremichael, M
Restrepo, PJ
AF Hirpa, Feyera A.
Hopson, Thomas M.
De Groeve, Tom
Brakenridge, G. Robert
Gebremichael, Mekonnen
Restrepo, Pedro J.
TI Upstream satellite remote sensing for river discharge forecasting:
Application to major rivers in South Asia
SO REMOTE SENSING OF ENVIRONMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Floods; Forecasting; Flow estimation; Flood wave; Wave speed
ID WATER-LEVEL CHANGES; PASSIVE MICROWAVE; BRAHMAPUTRA RIVER; RADAR;
BANGLADESH; ALTIMETRY; SCALES
AB In this work we demonstrate the utility of satellite remote sensing for river discharge nowcasting and forecasting for two major rivers, the Ganges and Brahmaputra, in southern Asia. Passive microwave sensing of the river and floodplain at more than twenty locations upstream of Hardinge Bridge (Ganges) and Bahadurabad (Brahmaputra) gauging stations are used to: 1) examine the capability of remotely sensed flow information to track the downstream propagation of river flow waves and 2) evaluate their use in producing river flow nowcasts, and forecasts at 1-15 days lead time. The pattern of correlation between upstream satellite data and in situ observations of downstream discharge is used to estimate wave propagation time. This pattern of correlation is combined with a cross-validation method to select the satellite sites that produce the most accurate river discharge estimates in a lagged regression model. The results show that the well-correlated satellite-derived flow (SDF) signals were able to detect the propagation of a river flow wave along both river channels. The daily river discharge (contemporaneous) nowcast produced from the upstream SDFs could be used to provide missing data estimates given its Nash-Sutcliffe coefficient of 0.8 for both rivers; and forecasts have considerably better skill than autoregressive moving-average (ARMA) model beyond 3-day lead time for Brahmaputra. Due to the expected better accuracy of the SDF for detecting large flows, the forecast error is found to be lower for high flows compared to low flows. Overall, we conclude that satellite-based flow estimates are a useful source of dynamical surface water information in data-scarce regions and that they could be used for model calibration and data assimilation purposes in near-time hydrologic forecast applications. (c) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 [Hirpa, Feyera A.; Gebremichael, Mekonnen] Univ Connecticut, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Storrs, CT 06269 USA.
[Hopson, Thomas M.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Res Applicat Lab, Boulder, CO 80307 USA.
[De Groeve, Tom] Commiss European Communities, Joint Res Ctr, I-21020 Ispra, Italy.
[Brakenridge, G. Robert] Univ Colorado, INSTAAR, CSDMS, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Restrepo, Pedro J.] NOAA, North Cent River Forecast Ctr, Chanhassen, MN 55317 USA.
RP Hopson, TM (reprint author), Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Res Applicat Lab, POB 3000, Boulder, CO 80307 USA.
EM fah07002@engr.uconn.edu; hopson@ucar.edu;
tom.de-groeve@jrc.ec.europa.eu; robert.brakenridge@colorado.edu;
mekonnen@engr.uconn.edu; Pedro.Restrepo@noaa.gov
RI Hirpa, Feyera/I-8404-2016
OI Hirpa, Feyera/0000-0002-4919-4753
FU NASA Earth and Space Science Fellowship; Center for Environmental
Sciences and Engineering (CESE) of the University of Connecticut [CESE
2010-11]; Multidisciplinary Environmental Research Award; NASA
[NNX12AQ34G]
FX The first author was supported by NASA Earth and Space Science
Fellowship. He is also thankful to the Center for Environmental Sciences
and Engineering (CESE) of the University of Connecticut for the partial
financial support through 'CESE 2010-11 Graduate Student Research
Assistantships' and 'Multidisciplinary Environmental Research Award,
2010-2011'. We are grateful for the Flood Forecasting and Warning Center
of Bangladesh for providing the river stage data used in this project,
and for the assistance of Jennifer Boehnert With GIS support. We also
gratefully acknowledge NASA grant NNX12AQ34G which partially supported
this research. The paper greatly benefited from inputs of three
anonymous reviewers.
NR 32
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U1 1
U2 74
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 0034-4257
EI 1879-0704
J9 REMOTE SENS ENVIRON
JI Remote Sens. Environ.
PD APR 15
PY 2013
VL 131
BP 140
EP 151
DI 10.1016/j.rse.2012.11.013
PG 12
WC Environmental Sciences; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic
Technology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science &
Photographic Technology
GA 098JZ
UT WOS:000315546900010
ER
PT J
AU Swaminathan, P
Grapes, MD
Woll, K
Barron, SC
LaVan, DA
Weihs, TP
AF Swaminathan, P.
Grapes, M. D.
Woll, K.
Barron, S. C.
LaVan, D. A.
Weihs, T. P.
TI Studying exothermic reactions in the Ni-Al system at rapid heating rates
using a nanocalorimeter
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID SHARP CONCENTRATION GRADIENTS; THIN-FILM REACTIONS; TRANSIENT
NUCLEATION; MULTILAYER FOILS; PHASE; KINETICS; INTERMETALLICS;
INTERFACES; STABILITY; DIFFUSION
AB Heats of reaction and heat capacity changes were measured using scanning nanocalorimetry for a nickel and aluminum bilayer where initial heating rates of 10(4) K/s were achieved. Multiple exotherms were observed on the initial heating, but the number of intermediate exotherms decreased with increasing heating rate. The final phase was the B2 NiAl intermetallic. Results from the nanocalorimeter were compared with a conventional differential scanning calorimeter (operating at 0.7 K/s) to understand the effect of significant (10 000x) increases in heating rate on the phase transformation sequence. The high heating rate in the nanocalorimeter delays reaction initiation, causes the exothermic peaks to shift to higher temperatures, and appears to suppress the formation of intermediate, metastable phases. Potential explanations for this apparent suppression are discussed. (C) 2013 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4799628]
C1 [Swaminathan, P.; Grapes, M. D.; Woll, K.; Barron, S. C.; Weihs, T. P.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.
[Swaminathan, P.; Barron, S. C.; LaVan, D. A.] NIST, Funct Properties Grp, Mat Measurement Sci Div, Mat Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Swaminathan, P (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.
EM swamnthn@gmail.com; david.lavan@nist.gov
RI LaVan, David/C-3943-2012; Weihs, Timothy/A-3313-2010
OI LaVan, David/0000-0002-1952-0028;
FU NIST [70NANB9H9146]; U.S. DOE Department of Energy, Office of Basic
Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering
[DE-SC0002509]
FX Research was supported by NIST Grant No. 70NANB9H9146. Research is
performed in part at the NIST Center for Nanoscale Science & Technology.
Certain commercial equipment, instruments, or materials are identified
in this document. Such identification does not imply recommendation or
endorsement by the National Institute of Standards and Technology, nor
does it imply that the products identified are necessarily the best
available for the purpose. We thank Mark Vaudin at NIST for help with
the EBSD measurements and Dr. Kenneth J. T. Livi at the HRAEM Facility
of the Integrated Imaging Center at Johns Hopkins University for
performing the TEM characterization. The modeling work of KW was
supported by the U.S. DOE Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy
Sciences, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering under Award No.
DE-SC0002509.
NR 43
TC 15
Z9 16
U1 1
U2 47
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-8979
J9 J APPL PHYS
JI J. Appl. Phys.
PD APR 14
PY 2013
VL 113
IS 14
AR 143509
DI 10.1063/1.4799628
PG 8
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 134YB
UT WOS:000318250600026
ER
PT J
AU Zhu, JL
Feng, SM
Liu, QQ
Zhang, JZ
Xu, HW
Li, YC
Li, XD
Liu, J
Huang, QZ
Zhao, YS
Jin, CQ
AF Zhu, Jinlong
Feng, Shaomin
Liu, Qingqing
Zhang, Jianzhong
Xu, Hongwu
Li, Yanchun
Li, Xiaodong
Liu, Jing
Huang, Qingzhen
Zhao, Yusheng
Jin, Changqing
TI Temperature and pressure effects of multiferroic Bi2NiTiO6 compound
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID X-RAY-DIFFRACTION; MAGNETIC FERROELECTRICS; NEUTRON-DIFFRACTION; BIMNO3;
POLARIZATION; OXIDE
AB Bi2NiTiO6 compound which shows both magnetic (T-M = 58 K) and ferroelectric properties (T-C = 513 K) was synthesized under high pressure of 5 GPa and temperature of 1273 K. The crystal structure, as determined by X-ray powder diffraction and neutron powder diffraction, is a distorted A(B1B2)O-3 type perovskite with space group Pn2(1)a. Structural evolution of multiferroic Bi2NiTiO6 shows that there are two isostructural phase transitions at similar to 2 GPa and similar to 15 GPa under high pressure and at room temperature and indicates that isostructural phase transitions occurred with temperature higher than 823 K under ambient condition. All the isostructural phase transitions come from the Bi ion discontinuous shift, which identifies the phase transition at similar to 15 GPa and at temperature higher than 823 K are the same. Using a modified high-T Birch-Murnaghan equation of state and a thermal-pressure approach, we have derived the thermoelastic parameters of high pressure phase Bi2NiTiO6, including the ambient bulk modulus K-0, temperature derivative of bulk modulus at constant pressure, volumetric thermal expansivity, pressure derivative of thermal expansion, and temperature derivative of bulk modulus at constant volume. (C) 2013 AIP Publishing LLC [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4801630]
C1 [Zhu, Jinlong; Feng, Shaomin; Liu, Qingqing; Zhao, Yusheng; Jin, Changqing] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Phys, Natl Lab Condensed Matter Phys, Beijing 100190, Peoples R China.
[Zhu, Jinlong; Zhang, Jianzhong; Zhao, Yusheng] Los Alamos Natl Lab, LANSCE, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
[Xu, Hongwu] Los Alamos Natl Lab, EES Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
[Li, Yanchun; Li, Xiaodong; Liu, Jing] Chinese Acad Sci, Beijing High Pressure Res Ctr, Inst High Energy Phys, Beijing 100039, Peoples R China.
[Huang, Qingzhen] NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Zhao, Yusheng] Univ Nevada, Dept Phys & Astron, HiPSEC, Las Vegas, NV 89154 USA.
RP Zhang, JZ (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, LANSCE, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
EM jzhang@lanl.gov; Yusheng.Zhao@unlv.edu; Jin@iphy.ac.cn
OI Xu, Hongwu/0000-0002-0793-6923; Zhang, Jianzhong/0000-0001-5508-1782
FU laboratory-directed research and development (LDRD) program of Los
Alamos National Laboratory; DOE [DE-AC52-06NA25396]; U.S. Department of
Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences
[DE-AC02-98CH10886]; NSF of China; MOST of China [2009CB623301,
10820101049]
FX This work was supported by the laboratory-directed research and
development (LDRD) program of Los Alamos National Laboratory, which is
operated by Los Alamos National Security LLC under DOE Contract No.
DE-AC52-06NA25396. Use of the National Synchrotron Light Source,
Brookhaven National Laboratory was supported by the U.S. Department of
Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under
Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886. Use of the X17B2 beamline was supported
by COMPRES, the Consortium for Materials Properties Research in Earth
Sciences under NSF Cooperative Agreement No. EAR 01-35554, and by the
Mineral Physics Institute, Stony Brook University. Work at IOPCAS was
supported by NSF & MOST of China through research projects (Nos.
2009CB623301 and 10820101049).
NR 34
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 2
U2 50
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-8979
EI 1089-7550
J9 J APPL PHYS
JI J. Appl. Phys.
PD APR 14
PY 2013
VL 113
IS 14
AR 143514
DI 10.1063/1.4801630
PG 6
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 134YB
UT WOS:000318250600031
ER
PT J
AU Dong, L
Jiang, L
Hu, H
Pu, H
AF Dong, Lin
Jiang, Lei
Hu, Hui
Pu, Han
TI Finite-momentum dimer bound state in a spin-orbit-coupled Fermi gas
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A
LA English
DT Article
ID NEUTRAL ATOMS
AB We investigate the two-body properties of a spin-1/2 Fermi gas subject to a spin-orbit coupling induced by laser fields. When an attractive s-wave interaction between unlike spins is present, the system may form a dimer bound state. Surprisingly, in the presence of a Zeeman field along the direction of the spin-orbit coupling, the bound state obtains finite center-of-mass mechanical momentum, whereas under the same condition but in the absence of the two-body interaction, the system has zero total momentum. This unusual result can be regarded as a consequence of the broken Galilean invariance by the spin-orbit coupling. Such a finite-momentum bound state will have profound effects on the many-body properties of the system. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevA.87.043616
C1 [Dong, Lin; Pu, Han] Rice Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Houston, TX 77251 USA.
[Dong, Lin; Pu, Han] Rice Univ, Rice Quantum Inst, Houston, TX 77251 USA.
[Jiang, Lei] Univ Maryland, Joint Quantum Inst, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Jiang, Lei] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Hu, Hui] Swinburne Univ Technol, Ctr Atom Opt & Ultrafast Spect, ARC Ctr Excellence Quantum Atom Opt, Melbourne, Vic 3122, Australia.
RP Dong, L (reprint author), Rice Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Houston, TX 77251 USA.
RI HU, Hui/C-6878-2009; Pu, Han/F-2318-2011
OI HU, Hui/0000-0002-1541-1756; Pu, Han/0000-0002-0018-3076
FU NSF; Welch Foundation [C-1669]; DARPA; ARC [DP0984522]; National Basic
Research Program of China (NFRP-China) [2011CB921502]
FX H.P. is supported by the NSF, the Welch Foundation (Grant No. C-1669),
and DARPA. H.H. is supported by the ARC Discovery Projects (Grant No.
DP0984522) and the National Basic Research Program of China (NFRP-China,
Grant No. 2011CB921502). We would like to thank Vijay Shenoy, Biao Wu,
Wei Yi, and Xiangfa Zhou for useful discussions, and Vijay Shenoy for
sharing his note before publication [26].
NR 28
TC 35
Z9 35
U1 1
U2 10
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1050-2947
J9 PHYS REV A
JI Phys. Rev. A
PD APR 12
PY 2013
VL 87
IS 4
AR 043616
DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.87.043616
PG 6
WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Optics; Physics
GA 126AZ
UT WOS:000317584800011
ER
PT J
AU Hammouda, B
AF Hammouda, Boualem
TI Temperature Effect on the Nanostructure of SDS Micelles in Water
SO JOURNAL OF RESEARCH OF THE NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS AND
TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE aggregation number; critical micelle temperature; ellipsoidal particles;
material balance equations; micelle structure; SANS; SDS; small-angle
neutron scattering; sodium dodecyl sulfate; surfactant
ID ANGLE NEUTRON-SCATTERING; SODIUM; SANS; MIXTURES; SIZE; DTAB
AB Sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) surfactants form micelles when dissolved in water. These are formed of a hydrocarbon core and hydrophilic ionic surface. The small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) technique was used with deuterated water (D2O) in order to characterize the micelle structure. Micelles were found to be slightly compressed (oblate ellipsoids) and their sizes shrink with increasing temperature. Fits of SANS data to the Mean Spherical Approximation (MSA) model yielded a calculated micelle volume fraction which was lower than the SDS surfactant (sample mixing) volume fraction; this suggests that part of the SDS molecules do not participate in micelle formation and remain homogeneously mixed in the solvent. A set of material balance equations allowed the estimation of the SDS fraction in the micelles. This fraction was found to be high (close to one) except for samples around 1 % SDS fraction. The micelle aggregation number was found to decrease with increasing temperature and/or decreasing SDS fraction.
C1 NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Hammouda, B (reprint author), NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM hammouda@nist.gov
FU National Science Foundation [DMR-0944772]
FX This work is based upon activities supported in part by the National
Science Foundation under Agreement No. DMR-0944772. Steve Kline's
efforts in putting together the IGOR-based NCNR data analysis software
package are appreciated.
NR 16
TC 21
Z9 21
U1 7
U2 34
PU US GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE
PI WASHINGTON
PA SUPERINTENDENT DOCUMENTS,, WASHINGTON, DC 20402-9325 USA
SN 1044-677X
J9 J RES NATL INST STAN
JI J. Res. Natl. Inst. Stand. Technol.
PD APR 11
PY 2013
VL 118
BP 151
EP 167
DI 10.6028/jres.118.008
PG 17
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics
GA 140WP
UT WOS:000318687400001
PM 26401428
ER
PT J
AU Ashraf, RS
Schroeder, BC
Bronstein, HA
Huang, ZG
Thomas, S
Kline, RJ
Brabec, CJ
Rannou, P
Anthopoulos, TD
Durrant, JR
McCulloch, I
AF Ashraf, Raja Shahid
Schroeder, Bob C.
Bronstein, Hugo A.
Huang, Zhenggang
Thomas, Stuart
Kline, R. Joseph
Brabec, Christoph J.
Rannou, Patrice
Anthopoulos, Thomas D.
Durrant, James R.
McCulloch, Iain
TI The Influence of Polymer Purification on Photovoltaic Device Performance
of a Series of Indacenodithiophene Donor Polymers
SO ADVANCED MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
DE indacenodithiophene; purification; fractionation; organic photovoltaics
ID HETEROJUNCTION SOLAR-CELLS; BAND-GAP POLYMERS; CHARGE-TRANSPORT;
MOLECULAR-WEIGHT; TRANSISTORS; DESIGN
AB A series of low bandgap indacenodithiophene polymers is purified by recycling SEC in order to isolate narrow poly-dispersity fractions. This additional purification step is found to have a significant beneficial influence on the solar cell performance and the reasons for this performance increase are investigated.
C1 [Ashraf, Raja Shahid; Schroeder, Bob C.; Bronstein, Hugo A.; Huang, Zhenggang; Durrant, James R.; McCulloch, Iain] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Dept Chem, London SW7 2AZ, England.
[Ashraf, Raja Shahid; Schroeder, Bob C.; Bronstein, Hugo A.; Huang, Zhenggang; Thomas, Stuart; Anthopoulos, Thomas D.; Durrant, James R.; McCulloch, Iain] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Ctr Plast Elect, London SW7 2AZ, England.
[Thomas, Stuart; Anthopoulos, Thomas D.] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Dept Phys, London SW7 2AZ, England.
[Kline, R. Joseph] NIST, Div Polymers, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Brabec, Christoph J.] Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Inst Mat Elect & Energy Technol I MEET, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany.
[Rannou, Patrice] Univ Grenoble 1, CEA Grenoble, Inst Nanosci & Croyogenie INAC, SPrAM,CEA,CNRS,UMR5819, F-38054 Grenoble 9, France.
RP Ashraf, RS (reprint author), Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Dept Chem, London SW7 2AZ, England.
EM r.ashraf@imperial.ac.uk; b.schroeder10@imperial.ac.uk
RI ASHRAF, RAJA SHAHID/A-3640-2008; Bronstein, Hugo/E-2095-2013; Schroeder,
Bob/D-8855-2012; Kline, Regis/B-8557-2008; Thomas, Stuart/L-8808-2014;
Rannou, Patrice/J-1605-2015; Brabec, Christoph/N-1897-2013; bronstein,
hugo/O-6142-2015
OI ASHRAF, RAJA SHAHID/0000-0003-1885-2271; Brabec, Christoph
J./0000-0002-9440-0253; Rannou, Patrice/0000-0001-9376-7136;
FU EPSRC [EP/F056710/1, EP/G037515/1]; EC FP7 ONE-P 245 Project [212311];
DPI [678]; Centre for Plastic Electronics at Imperial College London;
National Research Fund of Luxembourg
FX The authors would like to acknowledge Scott E. Watkins (CSIRO Materials
Science and Engineering, VIC 3169, Victoria, Australia) for PESA
measurements. This work was in part carried out under the EPSRC Project
EP/F056710/1, EP/G037515/1, EC FP7 ONE-P 245 Project 212311 and DPI
Grant 678, with support from the Centre for Plastic Electronics at
Imperial College London and the National Research Fund of Luxembourg.
Portions of this research were carried out at the Stanford Synchrotron
Radiation Lightsource, a Directorate of SLAC National Accelerator
Laboratory and an Office of Science User Facility operated for the U.S.
Department of Energy Office of Science by Stanford University.
NR 20
TC 70
Z9 70
U1 2
U2 102
PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
PI WEINHEIM
PA BOSCHSTRASSE 12, D-69469 WEINHEIM, GERMANY
SN 0935-9648
J9 ADV MATER
JI Adv. Mater.
PD APR 11
PY 2013
VL 25
IS 14
BP 2029
EP 2034
DI 10.1002/adma.201300027
PG 6
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience &
Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied;
Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science;
Physics
GA 123DL
UT WOS:000317368500012
PM 23417853
ER
PT J
AU Fratini, E
Faraone, A
Ridi, F
Chen, SH
Baglioni, P
AF Fratini, Emiliano
Faraone, Antonio
Ridi, Francesca
Chen, Sow-Hsin
Baglioni, Piero
TI Hydration Water Dynamics in Tricalcium Silicate Pastes by Time-Resolved
Incoherent Elastic Neutron Scattering
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C
LA English
DT Article
ID MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; TRANSLATIONAL DYNAMICS; SUPERCOOLED WATER; PROTEIN
DYNAMICS; CEMENT PASTES; KINETICS; MODEL; EVOLUTION; NUCLEATION
AB The translational dynamics of the hydration water in tricalcium silicate, as well as the curing kinetics of the paste, have been investigated for the first time using neutron elastic backscattering measurements. A detailed analytical model has been formulated to extract the most important features of the calcium silicate curing process. As the curing time passes, water reacts with the tricalcium silicate, forming amorphous calcium silicate hydrate and crystalline calcium hydroxide. Concurrently, the water translational dynamics slows down due to the increased confinement in the developing matrix. The time evolution of the self-diffusion constant for the hydration water shows a decrease of 1 order of magnitude after two days of curing. The presented results agree with recent molecular dynamics simulations and H-1 NMR results on similar systems.
C1 [Fratini, Emiliano; Ridi, Francesca; Baglioni, Piero] Univ Florence, Dept Chem Ugo Schiff, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, FI, Italy.
[Fratini, Emiliano; Ridi, Francesca; Baglioni, Piero] Univ Florence, CSGI, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, FI, Italy.
[Faraone, Antonio] NIST, NIST Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Faraone, Antonio] Univ Maryland, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Chen, Sow-Hsin] MIT, Dept Nucl Sci & Engn, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
RP Baglioni, P (reprint author), Univ Florence, Dept Chem Ugo Schiff, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, FI, Italy.
EM piero.baglioni@unifi.it
RI Ridi, Francesca/F-2141-2013; Fratini, Emiliano/C-9983-2010; Baglioni,
Piero/B-1208-2011
OI Ridi, Francesca/0000-0002-6887-5108; Fratini,
Emiliano/0000-0001-7104-6530; Baglioni, Piero/0000-0003-1312-8700
FU MIUR; CSGI; [DE-FG02-90ER45429]; [2113-MIT-DOE-591]
FX The authors thank the Institut Laue-Langevin for allocating beam-time on
IN13. CTG-Italcementi is kindly acknowledged for providing the synthetic
C3S batches. EF, FR, and PB acknowledge financial support
from MIUR and CSGI. Research at MIT is supported by DE-FG02-90ER45429
and 2113-MIT-DOE-591. We also would like to acknowledge the reviewers
for the very helpful revision that allowed a consistent improvement of
our manuscript.
NR 43
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 1
U2 46
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1932-7447
J9 J PHYS CHEM C
JI J. Phys. Chem. C
PD APR 11
PY 2013
VL 117
IS 14
BP 7358
EP 7364
DI 10.1021/jp312684p
PG 7
WC Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science,
Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science
GA 125PB
UT WOS:000317552200050
ER
PT J
AU Chantler, CT
Kinnane, MN
Gillaspy, JD
Hudson, LT
Payne, AT
Smale, LF
Henins, A
Pomeroy, JM
Kimpton, JA
Takacs, E
Makonyi, K
AF Chantler, C. T.
Kinnane, M. N.
Gillaspy, J. D.
Hudson, L. T.
Payne, A. T.
Smale, L. F.
Henins, A.
Pomeroy, J. M.
Kimpton, J. A.
Takacs, E.
Makonyi, K.
TI Comment on "Testing Three-Body Quantum Electrodynamics with Trapped
Ti20+ Ions: Evidence for a Z-Dependent Divergence Between Experiment and
Calculation" Reply
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 [Chantler, C. T.; Kinnane, M. N.; Payne, A. T.; Smale, L. F.; Kimpton, J. A.] Univ Melbourne, Sch Phys, Melbourne, Vic 3010, Australia.
[Kinnane, M. N.; Gillaspy, J. D.; Hudson, L. T.; Henins, A.; Pomeroy, J. M.; Makonyi, K.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Kimpton, J. A.] Australian Synchrotron, Melbourne, Vic 3000, Australia.
[Takacs, E.] Univ Debrecen, Expt Phys Dept, H-4028 Debrecen, Hungary.
RP Chantler, CT (reprint author), Univ Melbourne, Sch Phys, Melbourne, Vic 3010, Australia.
EM chantler@unimelb.edu.au
NR 6
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 10
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0031-9007
EI 1079-7114
J9 PHYS REV LETT
JI Phys. Rev. Lett.
PD APR 11
PY 2013
VL 110
IS 15
AR 159302
DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.110.159302
PG 2
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 124JL
UT WOS:000317459500004
PM 25167322
ER
PT J
AU Wang, MY
Turko, IV
AF Wang, Meiyao
Turko, Illarion V.
TI Mass Spectrometry Quantification Revealed Accumulation of C-Terminal
Fragment of Apolipoprotein E in the Alzheimer's Frontal Cortex
SO PLOS ONE
LA English
DT Article
ID THROMBIN-CLEAVAGE FRAGMENT; BEHAVIORAL DEFICITS; DISEASE BRAIN; E
ISOFORMS; A-BETA; IDENTIFICATION; NEUROTOXICITY; PROTEOLYSIS; PROTEINS;
DOMAINS
AB Polymorphic variation in the apolipoprotein E (apoE) gene is the major genetic susceptibility factor for late-onset Alzheimer's disease (AD) and likely contributes to neuropathology through various pathways. It is also recognized that apoE undergoes proteolytic cleavage in the brain and the resultant apoE fragments likely have a variety of bioactive properties that regulate neuronal signaling and may promote neurodegeneration. ApoE fragmentation in the human brain has been intensively studied using different immunochemical methods, but has never been analyzed in a quantitative manner to establish preferably accumulated fragments. Here we report quantification using multiple reaction monitoring mass spectrometry (MRM MS) with N-15-labeled full-length apoE4 as an internal standard. Measurements were performed on frontal cortex from control and severe AD donors. Our data point to a preferable accumulation of C-terminal apoE fragment in the insoluble fraction of tissue homogenate in the severe AD group versus the control group. Further insight into the biological consequences of this accumulation may lead to a better understanding of the basic mechanism of AD pathology.
C1 [Wang, Meiyao; Turko, Illarion V.] Inst Biosci & Biotechnol Res, Rockville, MD USA.
[Wang, Meiyao; Turko, Illarion V.] NIST, Biomol Measurement Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Turko, IV (reprint author), Inst Biosci & Biotechnol Res, Rockville, MD USA.
EM iturko@umd.edu
FU Washington University School of Medicine Alzheimer's Disease Research
Center [P50 AG05681]
FX This work was supported in part by the Washington University School of
Medicine Alzheimer's Disease Research Center grant (P50 AG05681). No
additional external funding received for this study. The funders had no
role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish,
or preparation of the manuscript.
NR 19
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 14
PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA
SN 1932-6203
J9 PLOS ONE
JI PLoS One
PD APR 11
PY 2013
VL 8
IS 4
AR e61498
DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0061498
PG 6
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 123JA
UT WOS:000317383200059
PM 23593485
ER
PT J
AU Bhandavat, R
Feldman, A
Cromer, C
Lehman, J
Singh, G
AF Bhandavat, R.
Feldman, A.
Cromer, C.
Lehman, J.
Singh, G.
TI Very High Laser-Damage Threshold of Polymer-derived Si(B)CN-Carbon
Nanotube Composite Coatings
SO ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
LA English
DT Article
DE carbon nanotubes; optical coatings; polymer-derived Si(B)CN; laser
radiometry
ID CARBON NANOTUBES; PYROELECTRIC DETECTOR; THERMAL DETECTORS; BLACK
COATINGS; FILMS; TEMPERATURE; RADIOMETRY; ABSORBER
AB We study the laser irradiance behavior and resulting structural evolution of polymer-derived silicon-boron-carbonitride (Si(B)CN) functionalized multiwall carbon nanotube (MWCNT) composite spray coatings on copper. substrate. We report a damage threshold value of 15 kWcm(-2) and an optical absorbance of 0.97 after irradiation. This is an order of magnitude improvement over MWCNT (1.4 kWcm(-2), 0.76), SWCNT (0.8 kWcm(-2), 0.65) and carbon paint (0.1 kWcm(-2), 0.87) coatings previously tested at 10.6 mu m (2.5 kW CO2 laser) exposure. Electron microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy suggests partial oxidation of Si(B)CN forming a stable protective SiO2 phase upon irradiation.
C1 [Bhandavat, R.; Singh, G.] Kansas State Univ, Dept Mech & Nucl Engn, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA.
[Feldman, A.; Cromer, C.; Lehman, J.] NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Feldman, A.] Colorado Sch Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
RP Singh, G (reprint author), Kansas State Univ, Dept Mech & Nucl Engn, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA.
EM gurpreet@k-state.edu
RI Singh, Gurpreet/J-9083-2012
FU National Science Foundation [EPS-0903806]; State of Kansas through
Kansas Technology Enterprise Corporation
FX This research is based on work supported by the National Science
Foundation under Grant EPS-0903806 and the State of Kansas through
Kansas Technology Enterprise Corporation. G.S. thanks Mr. Saksham Pahwa
for help with the graphics. Certain commercial equipment, instruments,
or materials are identified in this document. Such identification
implies neither recommendation nor endorsement by the National Institute
of Standards and Technology, or that the products identified are
necessarily the best available for the purpose.
NR 30
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Z9 5
U1 1
U2 25
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1944-8244
J9 ACS APPL MATER INTER
JI ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces
PD APR 10
PY 2013
VL 5
IS 7
BP 2354
EP 2359
DI 10.1021/am302755x
PG 6
WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science
GA 125OM
UT WOS:000317549100010
PM 23510161
ER
PT J
AU Dun, ZL
Choi, ES
Zhou, HD
Hallas, AM
Silverstein, HJ
Qiu, Y
Copley, JRD
Gardner, JS
Wiebe, CR
AF Dun, Z. L.
Choi, E. S.
Zhou, H. D.
Hallas, A. M.
Silverstein, H. J.
Qiu, Y.
Copley, J. R. D.
Gardner, J. S.
Wiebe, C. R.
TI Yb2Sn2O7: A magnetic Coulomb liquid at a quantum critical point
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID SPIN ICE HO2TI2O7; PYROCHLORE OXIDES; MONOPOLES; YB2TI2O7; TRANSITION
AB We report neutron scattering and ac susceptibility measurements on the pyrochlore Yb2Sn2O7. The appearance of magnetic diffuse scattering, low-energy spin excitations, and a nearly temperature-independent relaxation time are signatures that the system enters a short-range-ordered regime with quantum dynamics beneath 2 K. ac susceptibility data further suggest that Yb2Sn2O7 enters a long-range magnetically ordered state below 0.11 K. These results suggest that Yb(2)Sn(2)O7 is a ferromagnet with persistent spin dynamics down to 0.05 K. Referencing the phase diagram for Yb pyrochlores, Yb2Sn2O7 is approaching a quantum phase transition near the ferromagnetic ordered critical point. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevB.87.134408
C1 [Dun, Z. L.; Zhou, H. D.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
[Choi, E. S.; Zhou, H. D.; Wiebe, C. R.] Florida State Univ, Natl High Magnet Field Lab, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA.
[Hallas, A. M.; Silverstein, H. J.; Wiebe, C. R.] Univ Manitoba, Dept Chem, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada.
[Qiu, Y.; Copley, J. R. D.; Gardner, J. S.] NIST Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Qiu, Y.] Univ Maryland, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Gardner, J. S.] Indiana Univ, Bloomington, IN 47408 USA.
[Wiebe, C. R.] Univ Winnipeg, Dept Chem, Winnipeg, MB R3B 2E9, Canada.
RP Dun, ZL (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
EM hzhou10@UTK.edu
RI Dun, Zhiling/F-5617-2016; Zhou, Haidong/O-4373-2016;
OI Dun, Zhiling/0000-0001-6653-3051; Silverstein,
Harlyn/0000-0002-7743-9842
FU NSF [DMR-0654118]; NSERC of Canada; CFI; ACS Petroleum Fund; CRC Program
(Tier II); National Science Foundation [DMR-0944772]; State of Florida
FX We are grateful to M. J. P. Gingras for useful discussions. This work is
supported by NSF Grant No. DMR-0654118 and the State of Florida. C.R.W.
is grateful for support through NSERC of Canada, the CFI, the ACS
Petroleum Fund, and the CRC Program (Tier II). The neutron work utilized
facilities supported in part by the National Science Foundation under
Agreement No. DMR-0944772.
NR 37
TC 16
Z9 16
U1 2
U2 56
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1098-0121
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD APR 10
PY 2013
VL 87
IS 13
AR 134408
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.87.134408
PG 5
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 123LB
UT WOS:000317390000002
ER
PT J
AU Sehgal, N
Addison, G
Battaglia, N
Battistelli, ES
Bond, JR
Das, S
Devlin, MJ
Dunkley, J
Dunner, R
Gralla, M
Hajian, A
Halpern, M
Hasselfield, M
Hilton, M
Hincks, AD
Hlozek, R
Hughes, JP
Kosowsky, A
Lin, YT
Louis, T
Marriage, TA
Marsden, D
Menanteau, F
Moodley, K
Niemack, MD
Page, LA
Partridge, B
Reese, ED
Sherwin, BD
Sievers, J
Sifon, C
Spergel, DN
Staggs, ST
Swetz, DS
Switzer, ER
Wollack, E
AF Sehgal, Neelima
Addison, Graeme
Battaglia, Nick
Battistelli, Elia S.
Bond, J. Richard
Das, Sudeep
Devlin, Mark J.
Dunkley, Joanna
Duenner, Rolando
Gralla, Megan
Hajian, Amir
Halpern, Mark
Hasselfield, Matthew
Hilton, Matt
Hincks, Adam D.
Hlozek, Renee
Hughes, John P.
Kosowsky, Arthur
Lin, Yen-Ting
Louis, Thibaut
Marriage, Tobias A.
Marsden, Danica
Menanteau, Felipe
Moodley, Kavilan
Niemack, Michael D.
Page, Lyman A.
Partridge, Bruce
Reese, Erik D.
Sherwin, Blake D.
Sievers, Jon
Sifon, Cristobal
Spergel, David N.
Staggs, Suzanne T.
Swetz, Daniel S.
Switzer, Eric R.
Wollack, Ed
TI THE ATACAMA COSMOLOGY TELESCOPE: RELATION BETWEEN GALAXY CLUSTER OPTICAL
RICHNESS AND SUNYAEV-ZEL'DOVICH EFFECT
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE cosmic background radiation; galaxies: clusters: general; galaxies:
clusters: intracluster medium
ID SOUTH-POLE TELESCOPE; DIGITAL SKY SURVEY; BACKGROUND POWER SPECTRUM;
SCALING RELATIONS; MAXBCG CLUSTERS; RADIO-SOURCES; 148 GHZ; CONSTRAINTS;
CATALOG; PLANCK
AB We present the measured Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (SZ) flux from 474 optically selected MaxBCG clusters that fall within the Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT) Equatorial survey region. The ACT Equatorial region used in this analysis covers 510 deg(2) and overlaps Stripe 82 of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. We also present the measured SZ flux stacked on 52 X-ray-selected MCXC clusters that fall within the ACT Equatorial region and an ACT Southern survey region covering 455 deg(2). We find that the measured SZ flux from the X-ray-selected clusters is consistent with expectations. However, we find that the measured SZ flux from the optically selected clusters is both significantly lower than expectations and lower than the recovered SZ flux measured by the Planck satellite. Since we find a lower recovered SZ signal than Planck, we investigate the possibility that there is a significant offset between the optically selected brightest cluster galaxies (BCGs) and the SZ centers, to which ACT is more sensitive due to its finer resolution. Such offsets can arise due to either an intrinsic physical separation between the BCG and the center of the gas concentration or from misidentification of the cluster BCG. We find that the entire discrepancy for both ACT and Planck can be explained by assuming that the BCGs are offset from the SZ maxima with a uniform random distribution between 0 and 1.5 Mpc. Such large offsets between gas peaks and BCGs for optically selected cluster samples seem unlikely given that we find the physical separation between BCGs and X-ray peaks for an X-ray-selected subsample of MaxBCG clusters to have a much narrower distribution that peaks within 0.2 Mpc. It is possible that other effects are lowering the ACT and Planck signals by the same amount, with offsets between BCGs and SZ peaks explaining the remaining difference between ACT and Planck measurements. Several effects that can lower the SZ signal equally for both ACT and Planck, but not explain the difference in measured signals, include a larger percentage of false detections in the MaxBCG sample, a lower normalization of the mass-richness relation, radio or infrared galaxy contamination of the SZ flux, and a low intrinsic SZ signal. In the latter two cases, the effects would need to be preferentially more significant in the optically selected MaxBCG sample than in the MCXC X-ray sample.
C1 [Sehgal, Neelima; Hlozek, Renee; Spergel, David N.] Princeton Univ, Dept Astrophys Sci, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
[Addison, Graeme; Dunkley, Joanna; Louis, Thibaut] Univ Oxford, Dept Astrophys, Oxford OX1 3RH, England.
[Battaglia, Nick] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Phys, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA.
[Battistelli, Elia S.] Univ Roma La Sapienza, Dept Phys, I-00185 Rome, Italy.
[Battistelli, Elia S.; Halpern, Mark; Hasselfield, Matthew] Univ British Columbia, Dept Phys & Astron, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.
[Bond, J. Richard; Hajian, Amir; Hincks, Adam D.; Sievers, Jon; Switzer, Eric R.] Univ Toronto, Canadian Inst Theoret Astrophys, Toronto, ON M5S 3H8, Canada.
[Das, Sudeep] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley Ctr Cosmol Phys, LBL, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Das, Sudeep] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Devlin, Mark J.; Reese, Erik D.] Univ Penn, Dept Phys & Astron, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
[Duenner, Rolando; Sifon, Cristobal] Pontificia Univ Catolica Chile, Dept Astron & Astrofis, Fac Fis, Santiago 22, Chile.
[Gralla, Megan; Marriage, Tobias A.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.
[Hilton, Matt] Univ Nottingham, Ctr Astron & Particle Theory, Sch Phys & Astron, Nottingham NG7 2RD, England.
[Hincks, Adam D.; Page, Lyman A.; Sherwin, Blake D.; Staggs, Suzanne T.] Princeton Univ, Joseph Henry Labs Phys, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
[Hughes, John P.; Menanteau, Felipe] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA.
[Kosowsky, Arthur] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Phys & Astron, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA.
[Lin, Yen-Ting] Acad Sinica, Inst Astron & Astrophys, Taipei 115, Taiwan.
[Lin, Yen-Ting] Univ Tokyo, Inst Phys & Math Universe, Kashiwa, Chiba 2778568, Japan.
[Marsden, Danica] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Phys, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
[Moodley, Kavilan] Univ KwaZulu Natal, Astrophys & Cosmol Res Unit, Sch Math Sci, ZA-4041 Durban, South Africa.
[Niemack, Michael D.; Swetz, Daniel S.] NIST, Quantum Devices Grp, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Partridge, Bruce] Haverford Coll, Dept Phys & Astron, Haverford, PA 19041 USA.
[Wollack, Ed] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
RP Sehgal, N (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Dept Astrophys Sci, Peyton Hall, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
RI Spergel, David/A-4410-2011; Hilton, Matthew James/N-5860-2013; Wollack,
Edward/D-4467-2012;
OI Wollack, Edward/0000-0002-7567-4451; Menanteau,
Felipe/0000-0002-1372-2534; Sievers, Jonathan/0000-0001-6903-5074;
Sifon, Cristobal/0000-0002-8149-1352
FU U.S. National Science Foundation [AST-0408698, PHY-0355328, AST-0707731,
PIRE-0507768, OISE-0530095]; Princeton University; University of
Pennsylvania; Canada Foundation for Innovation (CFI); Compute Canada;
Government of Ontario; Ontario Research Fund-Research Excellence;
University of Toronto; National Science Foundation [1102762, 1066293];
U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC3-76SF00515]
FX This work was supported by the U.S. National Science Foundation through
awards AST-0408698 for the ACT project, and PHY-0355328, AST-0707731,
and PIRE-0507768 (award number OISE-0530095). The PIRE program made
possible exchanges between Chile, South Africa, Spain, and the U. S.
that enabled this research program. Funding was also provided by
Princeton University, the University of Pennsylvania, and a Canada
Foundation for Innovation (CFI) award to UBC. Computations were
performed on the GPC supercomputer at the SciNet HPC Consortium. SciNet
is funded by the Canada Foundation for Innovation under the auspices of
Compute Canada; the Government of Ontario; Ontario Research
Fund-Research Excellence; and the University of Toronto. ACT is on the
Chajnantor Science preserve, which was made possible by the Chilean
Comision Nacional de Investigacion Cientifica y Tecnologica (CONICYT).
N.S. is supported by the National Science Foundation under Award No.
1102762. During the completion of this work, N.S. was also supported by
the U.S. Department of Energy contract to SLAC No. DE-AC3-76SF00515 and
in part by the National Science Foundation under grant No. 1066293 and
the hospitality of the Aspen Center for Physics. The data will be made
public through LAMBDA (http://lambda.gsfc.nasa.gov/) and the ACT Web
site (http://www.physics.princeton.edu/act/).
NR 60
TC 17
Z9 17
U1 0
U2 9
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD APR 10
PY 2013
VL 767
IS 1
AR 38
DI 10.1088/0004-637X/767/1/38
PG 10
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 117IT
UT WOS:000316947500038
ER
PT J
AU Lee, J
Park, DH
Mittal, S
Dagenais, M
Rolston, SL
AF Lee, J.
Park, D. H.
Mittal, S.
Dagenais, M.
Rolston, S. L.
TI Integrated optical dipole trap for cold neutral atoms with an optical
waveguide coupler
SO NEW JOURNAL OF PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID ELECTROMAGNETICALLY INDUCED TRANSPARENCY; BOSE-EINSTEIN CONDENSATE;
LIGHT; ENSEMBLES; LATTICES; STATES
AB An integrated optical dipole trap uses two-color (red and blue-detuned) traveling evanescent wave fields for trapping cold neutral atoms. To achieve longitudinal confinement, we propose using an integrated optical waveguide coupler, which provides a potential gradient along the beam propagation direction sufficient to confine atoms. This integrated optical dipole trap can support an atomic ensemble with a large optical depth due to its small mode area. Its quasi-T E-0 waveguide mode has an advantage over the H E-11 mode of a nanofiber, with little inhomogeneous Zeeman broadening at the trapping region. The longitudinal confinement eliminates the need for a one dimensional optical lattice, reducing collisional blockaded atomic loading, potentially producing larger ensembles. The waveguide trap allows for scalability and integrability with nano-fabrication technology. We analyze the potential performance of such integrated atom traps.
C1 [Lee, J.; Rolston, S. L.] Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, Joint Quantum Inst, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Lee, J.; Rolston, S. L.] NIST, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Park, D. H.; Mittal, S.; Dagenais, M.] Univ Maryland, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
RP Lee, J (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, Joint Quantum Inst, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
EM neoscien@umd.edu
RI rolston, steven/L-5175-2013; Arumugam, Thirumagal/C-3408-2014
OI rolston, steven/0000-0003-1671-4190;
NR 43
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 19
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 1367-2630
J9 NEW J PHYS
JI New J. Phys.
PD APR 9
PY 2013
VL 15
AR 043010
DI 10.1088/1367-2630/15/4/043010
PG 14
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 122SY
UT WOS:000317339600001
ER
PT J
AU Pajerowski, DM
Rotundu, CR
Lynn, JW
Birgeneau, RJ
AF Pajerowski, D. M.
Rotundu, C. R.
Lynn, J. W.
Birgeneau, R. J.
TI Magnetic neutron diffraction study of Ba(Fe1-xCox)(2)As-2 critical
exponents through the tricritical doping
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID MEAN-FIELD-THEORY; LOGARITHMIC CORRECTIONS; GINZBURG CRITERION;
SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; POINTS; ORDER; BEHAVIOR; SYSTEMS; UPT3
AB We present temperature dependent magnetic neutron diffraction measurements on Ba(Fe1-xCox)(2)As-2 for x = 0.039, 0.022, and 0.021 as-grown single crystals. Our investigations probe the behavior near the magnetic tricritical point in the (x, T) plane, x(tr) approximate to 0.022, as well as systematically exploring the character of the magnetic phase transition across a range of doping values. All samples showlong-range antiferromagnetic order that may be described near the transition by simple power laws, with beta = 0.306 +/- 0.060 for x = 0.039, beta = 0.208 +/- 0.005 for x = 0.022, and beta = 0.198 +/- 0.009 for x = 0.021. For the x = 0.039 sample, the data are reasonably well described by the order parameter exponent beta = 0.326 expected for a three-dimensional Ising model while the x = 0.022 and x = 0.021 samples are near the beta = 0.25 value for a tricritical system in themean-field approximation. These results are discussed in the context of existing experimental work and theoretical predictions. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevB.87.134507
C1 [Pajerowski, D. M.; Lynn, J. W.] NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Rotundu, C. R.; Birgeneau, R. J.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94270 USA.
[Birgeneau, R. J.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94270 USA.
RP Pajerowski, DM (reprint author), NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
OI Rotundu, Costel/0000-0002-1571-8352; Pajerowski,
Daniel/0000-0003-3890-2379
FU National Research Council NIST; Office of Science, Office of Basic
Energy Sciences, US Department of Energy [DE-AC020-5CH11231]
FX We thank A. Aharony for helpful communications. We acknowledge the
support of the National Institute of Standards and Technology, US
Department of Commerce, in providing the neutron research facilities. D.
M. P. acknowledges support from the National Research Council NIST
postdoctoral associateship program. The work at LBL was supported by the
Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, US
Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC020-5CH11231.
NR 47
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 2
U2 12
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1098-0121
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD APR 9
PY 2013
VL 87
IS 13
AR 134507
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.87.134507
PG 6
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 123KW
UT WOS:000317389500002
ER
PT J
AU Castellanos-Beltran, MA
Ngo, DQ
Shanks, WE
Jayich, AB
Harris, JGE
AF Castellanos-Beltran, M. A.
Ngo, D. Q.
Shanks, W. E.
Jayich, A. B.
Harris, J. G. E.
TI Measurement of the Full Distribution of Persistent Current in
Normal-Metal Rings
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID QUANTUM DOTS; CONDUCTANCE FLUCTUATIONS; GAUSSIAN DISTRIBUTION;
LOCALIZATION; DIFFUSION; ABSENCE; SINGLE
AB We have measured the persistent current in individual normal metal rings over a wide range of magnetic fields. From this data, we extract the first six cumulants of the single-ring persistent current distribution. Our results are consistent with the prediction that this distribution should be nearly Gaussian for diffusive metallic rings. This measurement highlights the sensitivity of persistent current to the mesoscopic fluctuations within a single isolated coherent volume. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.110.156801
C1 [Castellanos-Beltran, M. A.; Ngo, D. Q.; Shanks, W. E.; Jayich, A. B.; Harris, J. G. E.] Yale Univ, Dept Phys, New Haven, CT 06520 USA.
[Harris, J. G. E.] Yale Univ, Dept Appl Phys, New Haven, CT 06520 USA.
RP Castellanos-Beltran, MA (reprint author), NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
FU National Science Foundation (NSF) [0706380, 0653377, 1106110]; US-Israel
Binational Science Foundation (BSF); NSF MRSEC [DMR 1119826]
FX We acknowledge support from the National Science Foundation (NSF)
(Grants No. 0706380, No. 0653377, and No. 1106110) and from the
US-Israel Binational Science Foundation (BSF). Facilities use was
supported by YINQE and NSF MRSEC DMR 1119826. We thank Amnon Aharony,
Ora Entin-Wohlman, Leonid Glazman, Rob Ilic, Yoseph Imry, Felix von
Oppen, and A. Douglas Stone for their assistance.
NR 29
TC 21
Z9 21
U1 2
U2 22
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0031-9007
EI 1079-7114
J9 PHYS REV LETT
JI Phys. Rev. Lett.
PD APR 9
PY 2013
VL 110
IS 15
AR 156801
DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.110.156801
PG 5
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 124JA
UT WOS:000317458400028
PM 25167295
ER
PT J
AU Choi, YJ
Lee, N
Sharma, PA
Kim, SB
Vajk, OP
Lynn, JW
Oh, YS
Cheong, SW
AF Choi, Y. J.
Lee, N.
Sharma, P. A.
Kim, S. B.
Vajk, O. P.
Lynn, J. W.
Oh, Y. S.
Cheong, S-W.
TI Giant Magnetic Fluctuations at the Critical Endpoint in Insulating
HoMnO3
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID QUANTUM CRITICALITY; SR3RU2O7; YMNO3; FERROELECTRICITY; PHYSICS
AB Although abundant research has focused recently on the quantum criticality of itinerant magnets, critical phenomena of insulating magnets in the vicinity of critical endpoints (CEP's) have rarely been revealed. Here we observe an emergent CEP at 2.05 T and 2.2 K with a suppressed thermal conductivity and concomitant strong critical fluctuations evident via a divergent magnetic susceptibility (e.g., chi ''(2.05 T, 2.2 K)/chi ''(3 T, 2.2 K)/ approximate to 23, 500%, comparable to the critical opalescence in water) in the hexagonal insulating antiferromagnet HoMnO3. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.110.157202
C1 [Choi, Y. J.; Lee, N.; Sharma, P. A.; Kim, S. B.; Oh, Y. S.; Cheong, S-W.] Rutgers State Univ, Rutgers Ctr Emergent Mat, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA.
[Choi, Y. J.; Lee, N.; Sharma, P. A.; Kim, S. B.; Oh, Y. S.; Cheong, S-W.] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA.
[Choi, Y. J.; Lee, N.] Yonsei Univ, Dept Phys, Seoul 120749, South Korea.
[Choi, Y. J.; Lee, N.] Yonsei Univ, IPAP, Seoul 120749, South Korea.
[Vajk, O. P.; Lynn, J. W.] NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Choi, YJ (reprint author), Rutgers State Univ, Rutgers Ctr Emergent Mat, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA.
RI Oh, Yoon Seok/A-1071-2011; Sharma, Peter/G-1917-2011
OI Oh, Yoon Seok/0000-0001-8233-1898; Sharma, Peter/0000-0002-3071-7382
FU DOE [DE-FG02-07ER46328]; Yonsei University Research Fund
FX Work at Rutgers was supported by DOE Award No. DE-FG02-07ER46328. Y. J.
C. was supported partially by the Yonsei University Research Fund of
2011. N. L. was supported partially by the Yonsei University Research
Fund of 2012.
NR 44
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 3
U2 60
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0031-9007
J9 PHYS REV LETT
JI Phys. Rev. Lett.
PD APR 9
PY 2013
VL 110
IS 15
AR 157202
DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.110.157202
PG 5
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 124JA
UT WOS:000317458400033
PM 25167303
ER
PT J
AU Boekelheide, Z
Hellman, F
AF Boekelheide, Z.
Hellman, F.
TI Cr(110) texture induced by epitaxy on Al2O3(0001) substrates:
Preferential grain growth in the < 001 > direction
SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID GIANT MAGNETORESISTANCE; RESIDUAL-STRESS; CR FILMS; SUPERLATTICES
AB Chromium exhibits (110) textured growth on Al2O3(0001) substrates induced by epitaxy. Epitaxy occurs in nine distinct orientations, leading to a polycrystalline film of grains with (110) out-of-plane orientation but different in-plane orientations. For e-beam evaporated films, scanning electron microscopy shows acicular Cr grains elongated in the < 001 > direction. Grain boundaries occur along (1 $(1) over bar $0) and ((1) over bar 10) planes, which is explained by the low surface energy of {110} planes in the bcc structure. The direction of the long axes of the grains relative to the substrate is defined by the underlying hexagonal symmetry of the substrate, leading to a unique tri-directional microstructure. (C) 2013 AIP Publishing LLC.
C1 [Boekelheide, Z.] NIST, Mat Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Boekelheide, Z.; Hellman, F.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Boekelheide, Z.; Hellman, F.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Boekelheide, Z (reprint author), NIST, Mat Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM zoe.boekelheide@nist.gov
FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; NRC Research
Associateship Program at NIST
FX The authors thank Eduardo Saiz for assistance with the SEM, Hyeon-Jun
Lee for assistance with the XRD, and Julie Karel for assistance with the
e-beam evaporator. The experimental portion of this work was supported
by the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231.
Z. Boekelheide acknowledges the funding support of the NRC Research
Associateship Program at NIST during the analysis portion of this work.
NR 13
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 7
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0003-6951
EI 1077-3118
J9 APPL PHYS LETT
JI Appl. Phys. Lett.
PD APR 8
PY 2013
VL 102
IS 14
AR 141601
DI 10.1063/1.4801083
PG 3
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 135DZ
UT WOS:000318268800020
ER
PT J
AU Cai, T
Bose, R
Solomon, GS
Waks, E
AF Cai, Tao
Bose, Ranojoy
Solomon, Glenn S.
Waks, Edo
TI Controlled coupling of photonic crystal cavities using photochromic
tuning
SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID SINGLE QUANTUM-DOT; NANOCAVITY LASER; RING-RESONATORS; WAVE-GUIDE;
FILTERS; MICROCAVITIES; RESONANCE; ARRAYS; SHIFTS
AB We present a method to control the resonant coupling interaction in a coupled-cavity photonic crystal molecule by using a local and reversible photochromic tuning technique. We demonstrate the ability to tune both a two-cavity and a three-cavity photonic crystal molecule through the resonance condition by selectively tuning the individual cavities. Using this technique, we can quantitatively determine important parameters of the coupled-cavity system such as the photon tunneling rate. This method can be scaled to photonic crystal molecules with larger numbers of cavities, which provides a versatile method for studying strong interactions in coupled resonator arrays. (C) 2013 AIP Publishing LLC
C1 [Cai, Tao; Bose, Ranojoy; Waks, Edo] Univ Maryland, Dept Elect Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Solomon, Glenn S.; Waks, Edo] Univ Maryland, Joint Quantum Inst, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Solomon, Glenn S.; Waks, Edo] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Cai, T (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Elect Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
EM edowaks@umd.edu
OI Bose, Ranojoy/0000-0002-2908-4426
FU DARPA Defense Science Office [W31P4Q0910013]; ARO MURI [W911NF09104];
Physics Frontier Center at the Joint Quantum Institute; ONR Applied
Electromagnetic Center [N00014-09-1-1190]; NSF CAREER Award
[ECCS-0846494]
FX The authors would like to acknowledge the support from a DARPA Defense
Science Office Grant (No. W31P4Q0910013), the ARO MURI on Hybrid Quantum
Interactions Grant (No. W911NF09104), the Physics Frontier Center at the
Joint Quantum Institute, and the ONR Applied Electromagnetic Center
N00014-09-1-1190. E. Waks would like to acknowledge support from an NSF
CAREER Award Grant (No. ECCS-0846494).
NR 42
TC 20
Z9 20
U1 1
U2 25
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0003-6951
EI 1077-3118
J9 APPL PHYS LETT
JI Appl. Phys. Lett.
PD APR 8
PY 2013
VL 102
IS 14
AR 141118
DI 10.1063/1.4802238
PG 5
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 135DZ
UT WOS:000318268800018
ER
PT J
AU Restelli, A
Bienfang, JC
Migdall, AL
AF Restelli, Alessandro
Bienfang, Joshua C.
Migdall, Alan L.
TI Single-photon detection efficiency up to 50% at 1310 nm with an
InGaAs/InP avalanche diode gated at 1.25 GHz
SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID PHOTODIODE
AB We describe a gated Geiger-mode single-photon avalanche diode (SPAD) detection system in which both gating and avalanche discrimination are implemented by coherent addition of discrete harmonics of the fundamental gate frequency. With amplitude and phase control for each harmonic at the cathode, we form <340 ps bias gates, and with similar control at the anode we cancel the gate transient with >65 dB suppression, allowing avalanche-discrimination thresholds at the anode below 2 mV or <8 fC. The low threshold not only accurately discriminates diminutive avalanches but also achieves usable detection efficiencies with lower total charge, reducing the afterpulse probability and allowing the use of gate pulses that exceed the SPAD breakdown voltage by more than 10 V, both of which increase detection efficiency. With detection efficiency of 0.19 +/- 0.01, we measure per-gate afterpulse probability below 6.5 x 10(-4) after 3.2 ns, and with detection efficiency of 0.51 +/- 0.02 we measure per-gate afterpulse probability below 3.5 x 10(-3) after 10 ns. (C) 2013 AIP Publishing LLC.
C1 [Restelli, Alessandro; Bienfang, Joshua C.; Migdall, Alan L.] NIST, Joint Quantum Inst, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Restelli, Alessandro; Bienfang, Joshua C.; Migdall, Alan L.] Univ Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Bienfang, Joshua C.; Migdall, Alan L.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Restelli, A (reprint author), NIST, Joint Quantum Inst, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM alessandro.restelli@nist.gov
RI Restelli, Alessandro/A-4897-2009
OI Restelli, Alessandro/0000-0002-1289-3171
FU DARPA InPho program
FX This work was supported in part by the DARPA InPho program.
NR 16
TC 40
Z9 44
U1 3
U2 38
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0003-6951
J9 APPL PHYS LETT
JI Appl. Phys. Lett.
PD APR 8
PY 2013
VL 102
IS 14
AR 141104
DI 10.1063/1.4801939
PG 4
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 135DZ
UT WOS:000318268800004
ER
PT J
AU Zheng, JJ
Li, Y
Goldberg, N
McDonald, M
Luan, XS
Hati, A
Lu, M
Strauf, S
Zelevinsky, T
Howe, DA
Wong, CW
AF Zheng, Jiangjun
Li, Ying
Goldberg, Noam
McDonald, Mickey
Luan, Xingsheng
Hati, Archita
Lu, Ming
Strauf, Stefan
Zelevinsky, Tanya
Howe, David A.
Wong, Chee Wei
TI Feedback and harmonic locking of slot-type optomechanical oscillators to
external low-noise reference clocks
SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID CAVITY; LASER
AB We demonstrate feedback and harmonic locking of chip-scale slot-type optomechanical oscillators to external low-noise reference clocks, with suppressed timing jitter by three orders of magnitude. The feedback and compensation techniques significantly reduce the close-to-carrier phase noise, especially within the locking bandwidth for the integral root-mean-square timing jitter. Harmonic locking via high-order carrier signals is also demonstrated with similar phase noise and integrated root-mean-square timing jitter reduction. The chip-scale optomechanical oscillators are tunable over an 80-kHz range by tracking the reference clock, with potential applications in tunable radiofrequency photonics platforms. (C) 2013 AIP Publishing LLC
C1 [Zheng, Jiangjun; Li, Ying; Goldberg, Noam; Luan, Xingsheng; Wong, Chee Wei] Columbia Univ, Opt Nanostruct Lab, New York, NY 10027 USA.
[McDonald, Mickey; Zelevinsky, Tanya] Columbia Univ, Dept Phys, New York, NY USA.
[Hati, Archita; Howe, David A.] NIST, Boulder, CO 80303 USA.
[Lu, Ming] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Ctr Funct Nanomat, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
[Strauf, Stefan] Stevens Inst Technol, Dept Phys & Engn Phys, Hoboken, NJ 07030 USA.
RP Zheng, JJ (reprint author), Columbia Univ, Opt Nanostruct Lab, New York, NY 10027 USA.
EM jz2356@columbia.edu; cww2104@columbia.edu
RI Strauf, Stefan/H-1399-2016; Wong, Chee Wei/E-9169-2017
FU Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) DSO [C11L10831]; U.S.
Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences
[DE-AC02-98CH10886]
FX The authors thank discussions with Harish Krishnaswamy and Hong X. Tang.
This work is supported by Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency
(DARPA) DSO with program manager Dr. J. R. Abo-Shaeer under Contract No.
C11L10831. Device fabrication is carried out in part at the Center for
Functional Nanomaterials, Brookhaven National Laboratory, which is
supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy
Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886.
NR 26
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 1
U2 14
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0003-6951
EI 1077-3118
J9 APPL PHYS LETT
JI Appl. Phys. Lett.
PD APR 8
PY 2013
VL 102
IS 14
AR 141117
DI 10.1063/1.4801473
PG 4
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 135DZ
UT WOS:000318268800017
ER
PT J
AU Lin, Y
Gaebler, JP
Tan, TR
Bowler, R
Jost, JD
Leibfried, D
Wineland, DJ
AF Lin, Y.
Gaebler, J. P.
Tan, T. R.
Bowler, R.
Jost, J. D.
Leibfried, D.
Wineland, D. J.
TI Sympathetic Electromagnetically-Induced-Transparency Laser Cooling of
Motional Modes in an Ion Chain
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID TRAPPED ATOMIC IONS; ZERO-POINT ENERGY; QUANTUM COMPUTATION; LOGIC
AB We use electromagnetically-induced-transparency laser cooling to cool motional modes of a linear ion chain. As a demonstration, we apply electromagnetically-induced-transparency cooling on Mg-24(+) ions to cool the axial modes of a Be-9(+)-Mg-24(+) ion pair and a Be-9(+)-Mg-24(+)-Mg-24(+)-Be-9(+) ion chain, thereby sympathetically cooling the Be-9(+) ions. Compared to previous implementations of conventional Raman sideband cooling, we achieve approximately an order-of-magnitude reduction in the duration required to cool the modes to near the ground state and significant reduction in required laser intensity. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.110.153002
C1 [Lin, Y.; Gaebler, J. P.; Tan, T. R.; Bowler, R.; Jost, J. D.; Leibfried, D.; Wineland, D. J.] NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Lin, Y (reprint author), NIST, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM yiheng.lin@nist.gov
RI Lin, Yiheng/J-9681-2015
OI Lin, Yiheng/0000-0003-1738-3805
FU IARPA through ARO [DNI-11523A1]; ARO [EAO139840]; ONR; NIST Quantum
Information Program; NIST through an NRC fellowship
FX We thank C. W. Chou and R. Jordens for helpful discussion on simulation.
Also we thank J. J. Bollinger, Y. Colombe, G. Morigi and T. Rosenband
for helpful comments on the manuscript. This work was supported by IARPA
through ARO (Grant No. DNI-11523A1), ARO (Grant No. EAO139840), ONR and
the NIST Quantum Information Program. J. P. G. acknowledges support by
NIST through an NRC fellowship.
NR 31
TC 20
Z9 20
U1 3
U2 23
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0031-9007
J9 PHYS REV LETT
JI Phys. Rev. Lett.
PD APR 8
PY 2013
VL 110
IS 15
AR 153002
DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.110.153002
PG 5
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 120SD
UT WOS:000317191400008
PM 25167259
ER
PT J
AU Carrasquilla, J
Manmana, SR
Rigol, M
AF Carrasquilla, Juan
Manmana, Salvatore R.
Rigol, Marcos
TI Scaling of the gap, fidelity susceptibility, and Bloch oscillations
across the superfluid-to-Mott-insulator transition in the
one-dimensional Bose-Hubbard model
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A
LA English
DT Article
ID MATRIX RENORMALIZATION-GROUP; LIQUID TRANSITION; ULTRACOLD GASES;
SYSTEMS; BOSONS
AB We investigate the interaction-induced superfluid-to-Mott-insulator transition in the one-dimensional Bose-Hubbard model (BHM) for fillings n = 1, n = 2, and n = 3 by studying the single-particle gap, the fidelity susceptibility, and the amplitude of Bloch oscillations via density-matrix renormalization-group methods. We apply a generic scaling procedure for the gap, which allows us to determine the critical points with very high accuracy. We also study how the fidelity susceptibility behaves across the phase transition. Furthermore, we show that in the BHM, and in a system of spinless fermions, the amplitude of Bloch oscillations after a tilt of the lattice vanishes at the critical points. This indicates that Bloch oscillations can serve as a tool to detect the transition point in ongoing experiments with ultracold gases. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevA.87.043606
C1 [Carrasquilla, Juan; Rigol, Marcos] Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Carrasquilla, Juan] Georgetown Univ, Dept Phys, Washington, DC 20057 USA.
[Carrasquilla, Juan; Manmana, Salvatore R.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Kavli Inst Theoret Phys, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
[Manmana, Salvatore R.] Univ Gottingen, Inst Theoret Phys, D-37077 Gottingen, Germany.
[Manmana, Salvatore R.] Univ Colorado, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Manmana, Salvatore R.] NIST, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Manmana, Salvatore R.] Univ Colorado, Dept Phys, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RP Carrasquilla, J (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, 104 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
RI Rigol, Marcos/B-3505-2008; Manmana, Salvatore /C-9822-2011;
Carrasquilla, Juan/H-3653-2014
OI Rigol, Marcos/0000-0002-5806-5873; Manmana, Salvatore
/0000-0002-4070-0576; Carrasquilla, Juan/0000-0001-7263-3462
FU Office of Naval Research; National Science Foundation [PHY11-25915,
PIF-0904017, PHY05-25915]
FX This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research and by the
National Science Foundation under Grants No. PHY11-25915 and No.
PIF-0904017, and in part under Grant No. PHY05-25915. We thank J.
Sirker, F. Gebhard, L. Campos Venuti, L. Tarruell, K. Hazzard, G. Chen,
A. M. Rey, S. Ejima, and N. Bray-Ali for discussions, and acknowledge
the use of computational resources at the Janus supercomputer (CU
Boulder).
NR 53
TC 22
Z9 22
U1 1
U2 14
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1050-2947
J9 PHYS REV A
JI Phys. Rev. A
PD APR 8
PY 2013
VL 87
IS 4
AR 043606
DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.87.043606
PG 6
WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Optics; Physics
GA 120SU
UT WOS:000317193600006
ER
PT J
AU Atlas, EL
Smith, K
Zhu, XR
Pope, L
Lueb, R
Hendershot, R
Moore, F
Miller, B
Montzka, S
Elkins, J
Wofsy, S
AF Atlas, Elliot L.
Smith, Katrina
Zhu, Xiaorong
Pope, Leslie
Lueb, Rich
Hendershot, Roger
Moore, Fred
Miller, Ben
Montzka, Steve
Elkins, James
Wofsy, Steve
TI Alkyl nitrate distributions and seasonal variation of trace gases
observed over the Pacific Ocean during the HIPPO mission
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 245th National Spring Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY APR 07-11, 2013
CL New Orleans, LA
SP Amer Chem Soc
C1 [Atlas, Elliot L.; Smith, Katrina; Zhu, Xiaorong; Pope, Leslie; Lueb, Rich] Univ Miami, Rosenstiel Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
[Lueb, Rich; Hendershot, Roger] NCAR, Div Atmospher Chem, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Moore, Fred; Miller, Ben; Montzka, Steve; Elkins, James] NOAA, ESRL, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Wofsy, Steve] Harvard Univ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Moore, Fred; Miller, Ben] Univ Colorado, CIRES, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
EM eatlas@rsmas.miami.edu
RI Atlas, Elliot/J-8171-2015
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD APR 7
PY 2013
VL 245
MA 239-ENVR
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 216SF
UT WOS:000324303600087
ER
PT J
AU Barros, MDR
Rein, A
Datta, S
Losche, M
Nanda, H
AF Barros, Marilia D. R.
Rein, Alan
Datta, Siddhartha
Loesche, Mathias
Nanda, Hirsh
TI Membrane association and structure of retroviral assembly proteins
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 245th National Spring Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY APR 07-11, 2013
CL New Orleans, LA
SP Amer Chem Soc
C1 [Barros, Marilia D. R.; Loesche, Mathias; Nanda, Hirsh] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Phys, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA.
[Datta, Siddhartha; Loesche, Mathias; Nanda, Hirsh] NIST, NIST Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Rein, Alan] NCI, HIV Drug Resistance Program, Frederick, MD 21702 USA.
EM hirsh.nanda@nist.gov
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD APR 7
PY 2013
VL 245
MA 47-PHYS
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 216SF
UT WOS:000324303603642
ER
PT J
AU Blake, DR
Simpson, IJ
Meinardi, SJ
Andersen, MJS
Bruhwiler, L
AF Blake, Donald R.
Simpson, Isobel J.
Meinardi, Simone J.
Andersen, Mads J. Sulbaek
Bruhwiler, Lori
TI Award Address (ACS Award for Creative Advances in Environmental Science
and Technology sponsored by ACS Division of Environmental Chemistry and
ACS Publications Divisions). Long-term trends in global concentrations
of atmospheric methane and ethane
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 245th National Spring Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY APR 07-11, 2013
CL New Orleans, LA
SP Amer Chem Soc
C1 [Blake, Donald R.; Simpson, Isobel J.; Meinardi, Simone J.] Univ Calif Irvine, Irvine, CA 92617 USA.
[Andersen, Mads J. Sulbaek] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
[Bruhwiler, Lori] NOAA Earth Syst Res Lab ESRL, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM drblake@uci.edu
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD APR 7
PY 2013
VL 245
MA 241-ENVR
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 216SF
UT WOS:000324303600089
ER
PT J
AU Brune, WH
Ren, XR
Mao, JQ
Zhang, L
Feiner, P
Miller, D
AF Brune, William H.
Ren, Xinrong
Mao, Jingqiu
Zhang, Li
Feiner, Philip
Miller, David
TI Re-examining the role of volatile organic compounds in atmospheric
oxidation chemistry
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 245th National Spring Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY APR 07-11, 2013
CL New Orleans, LA
SP Amer Chem Soc
C1 [Brune, William H.; Zhang, Li; Feiner, Philip; Miller, David] Penn State Univ, Dept Meteorol, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Ren, Xinrong] NOAA, Air Resources Lab, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
[Mao, Jingqiu] NOAA, Princeton, NJ USA.
EM whb2@psu.edu
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 5
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD APR 7
PY 2013
VL 245
MA 237-ENVR
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 216SF
UT WOS:000324303600085
ER
PT J
AU Butler, P
Woodka, A
Porcar, L
AF Butler, Paul
Woodka, Andrea
Porcar, Lionel
TI Lipid segregation above T-m: The case against nanopores
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 245th National Spring Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY APR 07-11, 2013
CL New Orleans, LA
SP Amer Chem Soc
C1 [Butler, Paul; Woodka, Andrea] NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Porcar, Lionel] Inst Max Von Laue Paul Langevin, F-38042 Grenoble, France.
[Butler, Paul; Porcar, Lionel] Univ Delaware, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
EM butler@nist.gov
RI Butler, Paul/D-7368-2011
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD APR 7
PY 2013
VL 245
MA 417-PHYS
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 216SF
UT WOS:000324303604002
ER
PT J
AU Chirico, RD
Frenkel, M
Magee, JW
Diky, VV
Kroenlein, K
Muzny, CD
Kazakov, AF
Abdulagatov, IM
Hardin, GR
de Loos, TW
O'Connell, JP
McCabe, C
Brennecke, JF
Mathias, PM
Goodwin, ARH
Wu, JT
Marsh, KN
Weir, RD
Acree, WE
Padua, A
Haynes, WM
Friend, DG
Mandelis, A
Rives, V
Schick, C
Vyazovkin, S
Chen, E
AF Chirico, Robert D.
Frenkel, Michael
Magee, Joseph W.
Diky, Vladimir V.
Kroenlein, Kenneth
Muzny, Chris D.
Kazakov, Andrei F.
Abdulagatov, Ilmutdin M.
Hardin, Gary R.
de Loos, Theodoor W.
O'Connell, John P.
McCabe, Clare
Brennecke, Joan F.
Mathias, Paul M.
Goodwin, Anthony R. H.
Wu, Jiangtao
Marsh, Kenneth N.
Weir, Ronald D.
Acree, William E., Jr.
Padua, Agilio
Haynes, W. M. (Mickey)
Friend, Daniel G.
Mandelis, Andreas
Rives, Vicente
Schick, Christoph
Vyazovkin, Sergey
Chen, Ella
TI NIST-journal cooperation to improve the quality of published
experimental data: Pre-acceptance evaluation and on-line tools
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 245th National Spring Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY APR 07-11, 2013
CL New Orleans, LA
SP Amer Chem Soc
C1 [Chirico, Robert D.; Frenkel, Michael; Magee, Joseph W.; Diky, Vladimir V.; Kroenlein, Kenneth; Muzny, Chris D.; Kazakov, Andrei F.; Abdulagatov, Ilmutdin M.; Hardin, Gary R.; Haynes, W. M. (Mickey); Friend, Daniel G.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Appl Chem & Mat Div, Boulder, CO USA.
[de Loos, Theodoor W.] Delft Univ Technol, Dept Proc & Energy, Delft, Netherlands.
[O'Connell, John P.] Univ Virginia, Dept Chem Engn, Charlottesville, VA USA.
[McCabe, Clare] Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Nashville, TN 37235 USA.
[McCabe, Clare] Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Chem, Nashville, TN 37235 USA.
[Brennecke, Joan F.] Univ Notre Dame, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA.
[Mathias, Paul M.] Fluor Corp, Aliso Viejo, CA USA.
[Goodwin, Anthony R. H.] Schlumberger Technol Corp, Sugar Land, TX USA.
[Wu, Jiangtao] Xi An Jiao Tong Univ, Ctr Thermal & Fluid Sci, Xian 710049, Shaanxi, Peoples R China.
[Marsh, Kenneth N.] Univ Western Australia, Sch Mech & Chem Engn, Crawley, Australia.
[Weir, Ronald D.] Royal Mil Coll Canada, Dept Chem & Chem Engn, Kingston, ON, Canada.
[Acree, William E., Jr.] Univ N Texas, Dept Chem, Denton, TX 76203 USA.
[Padua, Agilio] Univ Clermont Ferrand, Lab Thermodynam & Interact Mol, Clermont Ferrand, France.
[Padua, Agilio] Univ Clermont Ferrand, Photochim Mol & Macromol Lab, CNRS, F-63177 Clermont Ferrand, France.
[Mandelis, Andreas] Univ Toronto, Fac Appl Sci & Engn, Toronto, ON, Canada.
[Rives, Vicente] Univ Salamanca, Dept Quim Inorgan, E-37008 Salamanca, Spain.
[Schick, Christoph] Univ Rostock, Inst Phys, D-18055 Rostock, Germany.
[Vyazovkin, Sergey] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Dept Chem, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA.
[Chen, Ella] Elsevier, Phys & Theoret Chem, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
EM robert.chirico@nist.gov
RI Magee, Joseph/A-8496-2009; Schick, Christoph/C-1154-2009; McCabe,
Clare/I-8017-2012
OI Magee, Joseph/0000-0002-9312-8593; Schick,
Christoph/0000-0001-6736-5491; McCabe, Clare/0000-0002-8552-9135
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 5
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD APR 7
PY 2013
VL 245
MA 39-CINF
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 216SF
UT WOS:000324303605341
ER
PT J
AU Gilman, JW
AF Gilman, Jeffrey W.
TI Cellulose nanomaterials: Nanocomposite imaging using FRET
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 245th National Spring Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY APR 07-11, 2013
CL New Orleans, LA
SP Amer Chem Soc
C1 [Gilman, Jeffrey W.] NIST, Mat Sci & Engn Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM jwgilman@nist.gov
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 3
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD APR 7
PY 2013
VL 245
MA 556-POLY
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 216SF
UT WOS:000324303605080
ER
PT J
AU Heilweil, EJ
Burkey, TJ
Johnson, JO
Letterman, RL
Webster, CE
AF Heilweil, Edwin J.
Burkey, Theodore J.
Johnson, Jermaine O.
Letterman, Roger L.
Webster, Charles E.
TI Design of organometallic photochromes: Utilizing linkage isomerization
in the production of ultrafast devices
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 245th National Spring Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY APR 07-11, 2013
CL New Orleans, LA
SP Amer Chem Soc
C1 [Heilweil, Edwin J.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Phys Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Burkey, Theodore J.; Johnson, Jermaine O.; Letterman, Roger L.; Webster, Charles E.] Univ Memphis, Dept Chem, Memphis, TN 38152 USA.
EM tburkey@memphis.edu
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD APR 7
PY 2013
VL 245
MA 774-INOR
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 216SF
UT WOS:000324303601859
ER
PT J
AU Hudson, MR
Brown, CM
Pham, T
Lobo, RF
AF Hudson, Matthew R.
Brown, Craig M.
Trong Pham
Lobo, Raul F.
TI Structure-property relations in zeolites for CO2 separations
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 245th National Spring Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY APR 07-11, 2013
CL New Orleans, LA
SP Amer Chem Soc
C1 [Hudson, Matthew R.; Brown, Craig M.] NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Trong Pham; Lobo, Raul F.] Univ Delaware, Dept Chem Engn, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
EM matt.hudson@nist.gov
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 3
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD APR 7
PY 2013
VL 245
MA 1176-INOR
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 216SF
UT WOS:000324303600919
ER
PT J
AU Hulvey, Z
Lawler, KV
Forster, PM
Brown, CM
AF Hulvey, Zeric
Lawler, Keith V.
Forster, Paul M.
Brown, Craig M.
TI New insights into noble gas adsorption in HKUST-1
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 245th National Spring Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY APR 07-11, 2013
CL New Orleans, LA
SP Amer Chem Soc
C1 [Hulvey, Zeric; Brown, Craig M.] NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Hulvey, Zeric] Univ Maryland, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Lawler, Keith V.; Forster, Paul M.] Univ Nevada, Dept Chem, Las Vegas, NV 89154 USA.
EM zhulvey@gmail.com
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 6
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD APR 7
PY 2013
VL 245
MA 1120-INOR
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 216SF
UT WOS:000324303600859
ER
PT J
AU Johnson, MA
Thuman, JD
Stromberg, CJ
Heilweil, EJ
AF Johnson, Melissa A.
Thuman, James D.
Stromberg, Christopher J.
Heilweil, Edwin J.
TI Ultrafast time-resolved UV-pump/IR probe spectroscopyof
[FeFe]-hydrogenase model compounds
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 245th National Spring Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY APR 07-11, 2013
CL New Orleans, LA
SP Amer Chem Soc
C1 [Johnson, Melissa A.; Thuman, James D.; Stromberg, Christopher J.] Hood Coll, Dept Chem & Phys, Frederick, MD 21701 USA.
[Heilweil, Edwin J.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Radiat & Biomol Phys Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM maj4@hood.edu; jdt4@hood.edu
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 3
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD APR 7
PY 2013
VL 245
MA 777-INOR
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 216SF
UT WOS:000324303601862
ER
PT J
AU Lee, YJ
Snyder, CR
Forster, AM
Cicerone, MT
Wu, WL
AF Lee, Young Jong
Snyder, Chad R.
Forster, Aaron M.
Cicerone, Marcus T.
Wu, Wen-li
TI Molecular structure of bimodal polyethylene blends imaged with broadband
coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) microscopy
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 245th National Spring Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY APR 07-11, 2013
CL New Orleans, LA
SP Amer Chem Soc
C1 [Lee, Young Jong; Snyder, Chad R.; Cicerone, Marcus T.; Wu, Wen-li] NIST, Mat Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Forster, Aaron M.] NIST, Engn Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM yjlee@nist.gov
RI Snyder, Chad/B-4957-2008
OI Snyder, Chad/0000-0002-2916-9809
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD APR 7
PY 2013
VL 245
MA 524-POLY
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 216SF
UT WOS:000324303605047
ER
PT J
AU Lin, ZC
Inn, KGW
James, FJ
AF Lin, Zhichao
Inn, Kenneth G. W.
James, Filliben J.
TI Applying self-attenuation and coincidence-summing corrections for
gamma-ray spectrometric analysis of foods using GESPECOR and LabSOCS
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 245th National Spring Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY APR 07-11, 2013
CL New Orleans, LA
SP Amer Chem Soc
C1 [Lin, Zhichao] US FDA, Winchester Engn & Analyt Ctr, Winchester, MA 01890 USA.
[Inn, Kenneth G. W.] NIST, Phys Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[James, Filliben J.] NIST, Informat Technoloy Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM zhichao.lin@fda.hhs.gov
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD APR 7
PY 2013
VL 245
MA 173-NUCL
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 216SF
UT WOS:000324303602565
ER
PT J
AU Meyer, R
Vanderah, D
AF Meyer, Rachel
Vanderah, David
TI Synthesis of new tether compounds to improve the properties of tethered
bilayer lipid membranes
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 245th National Spring Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY APR 07-11, 2013
CL New Orleans, LA
SP Amer Chem Soc
C1 [Meyer, Rachel] Hood Coll, Dept Chem, Frederick, MD 21701 USA.
[Vanderah, David] NIST, Biomol Struct & Funct Grp, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM rlm22@hood.edu
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD APR 7
PY 2013
VL 245
MA 196-ORGN
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 216SF
UT WOS:000324303602883
ER
PT J
AU Miller, AE
Robbins, E
Petersen, E
Kalivas, E
Chon, B
AF Miller, Abigail E.
Robbins, Elaine
Petersen, Ellen
Kalivas, Eleni
Chon, Bonghwan
TI Characterizing the solution dynamics of metal organic frameworks
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 245th National Spring Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY APR 07-11, 2013
CL New Orleans, LA
SP Amer Chem Soc
C1 [Miller, Abigail E.; Robbins, Elaine; Petersen, Ellen; Kalivas, Eleni] American Univ, Dept Chem, Washington, DC 20016 USA.
[Chon, Bonghwan] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM amiller@american.edu
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD APR 7
PY 2013
VL 245
MA 1393-INOR
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 216SF
UT WOS:000324303601151
ER
PT J
AU Mulhearn, WD
Chan, EP
Lee, D
Stafford, CM
AF Mulhearn, William D.
Chan, Edwin P.
Lee, Daeyeon
Stafford, Christopher M.
TI Layer-by-layer nanoparticle assemblies as membranes for water
purification
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 245th National Spring Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY APR 07-11, 2013
CL New Orleans, LA
SP Amer Chem Soc
C1 [Mulhearn, William D.; Lee, Daeyeon] Univ Penn, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
[Chan, Edwin P.; Stafford, Christopher M.] NIST, Mat Sci & Engn Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM chris.stafford@nist.gov
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 3
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD APR 7
PY 2013
VL 245
MA 527-PMSE
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 216SF
UT WOS:000324303604480
ER
PT J
AU Nagao, M
Woodka, AC
Butler, PD
Porcar, L
Farago, B
AF Nagao, Michihiro
Woodka, Andrea C.
Butler, Paul D.
Porcar, Lionel
Farago, Bela
TI Experimental observation of thickness fluctuations in lipid unilamellar
vesicles
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 245th National Spring Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY APR 07-11, 2013
CL New Orleans, LA
SP Amer Chem Soc
C1 [Nagao, Michihiro; Woodka, Andrea C.; Butler, Paul D.] NIST, NIST Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Nagao, Michihiro] Indiana Univ, Ctr Explorat Energy & Matter, Bloomington, IN 47408 USA.
[Butler, Paul D.] Univ Delaware, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
[Porcar, Lionel; Farago, Bela] Inst Max Von Laue Paul Langevin, F-38042 Grenoble 9, France.
EM mnagao@nist.gov
RI Butler, Paul/D-7368-2011
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 6
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD APR 7
PY 2013
VL 245
MA 88-PHYS
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 216SF
UT WOS:000324303603683
ER
PT J
AU Nieuwendaal, R
AF Nieuwendaal, Ryan
TI Insights into molecular packing of semicrystalline P3HT by variable
temperature H-1 relaxation and C-13 solid-state NMR measurements
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 245th National Spring Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY APR 07-11, 2013
CL New Orleans, LA
SP Amer Chem Soc
C1 [Nieuwendaal, Ryan] NIST, Mat Sci & Engn Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM ryann@nist.gov
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD APR 7
PY 2013
VL 245
MA 164-POLY
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 216SF
UT WOS:000324303604652
ER
PT J
AU Perez-Salas, U
Garg, S
Porcar, L
Castro-Roman, F
Butler, P
AF Perez-Salas, Ursula
Garg, Sumit
Porcar, Lionel
Castro-Roman, Francisco
Butler, Paul
TI Exploring the energetics of cholesterol homeostasis
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 245th National Spring Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY APR 07-11, 2013
CL New Orleans, LA
SP Amer Chem Soc
C1 [Butler, Paul] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Perez-Salas, Ursula; Garg, Sumit] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Lemont, IL 60439 USA.
[Perez-Salas, Ursula; Garg, Sumit] Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, Chicago, IL 60607 USA.
[Porcar, Lionel] Inst Max Von Laue Paul Langevin, Large Scale Struct Grp, F-38042 Grenoble, France.
[Castro-Roman, Francisco] Ctr Invest Avanzada, Mexico City, DF, Mexico.
[Porcar, Lionel; Butler, Paul] Univ Delaware, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
EM ursulaps@uic.edu
RI Butler, Paul/D-7368-2011
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD APR 7
PY 2013
VL 245
MA 83-PHYS
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 216SF
UT WOS:000324303603678
ER
PT J
AU Pollock, RA
Hudson, MR
Hulvey, Z
Brown, CM
AF Pollock, Rachel A.
Hudson, Matthew R.
Hulvey, Zeric
Brown, Craig M.
TI Neutron studies of gas adsorption in metal-organic frameworks
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 245th National Spring Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY APR 07-11, 2013
CL New Orleans, LA
SP Amer Chem Soc
C1 [Pollock, Rachel A.; Hulvey, Zeric] Univ Maryland, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Pollock, Rachel A.; Hudson, Matthew R.; Hulvey, Zeric; Brown, Craig M.] NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM rachel.pollock@nist.gov
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 3
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD APR 7
PY 2013
VL 245
MA 1178-INOR
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 216SF
UT WOS:000324303600921
ER
PT J
AU Prukop, SL
Li, XY
Hammouda, B
Verduzco, R
AF Prukop, Stacy L.
Li, Xianyu
Hammouda, Boualem
Verduzco, Rafael
TI Synthesis and conformational analysis of bottlebrush polymers by small
angle neutron scattering
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 245th National Spring Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY APR 07-11, 2013
CL New Orleans, LA
SP Amer Chem Soc
C1 [Prukop, Stacy L.; Li, Xianyu; Verduzco, Rafael] Rice Univ, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Houston, TX 77025 USA.
[Hammouda, Boualem] NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM slp4@rice.edu
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD APR 7
PY 2013
VL 245
MA 262-POLY
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 216SF
UT WOS:000324303604756
ER
PT J
AU Ravishankara, AR
AF Ravishankara, A. (Ravi) R.
TI Roles of HFCs and N2O in Earth's environment: Science behind the issues
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 245th National Spring Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY APR 07-11, 2013
CL New Orleans, LA
SP Amer Chem Soc
C1 [Ravishankara, A. (Ravi) R.] Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Div Chem Sci, ESRL, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM a.r.ravishankara@noaa.gov
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 2
U2 2
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD APR 7
PY 2013
VL 245
MA 205-ENVR
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 216SF
UT WOS:000324303600056
ER
PT J
AU Rintoul, S
Losche, M
Cantor, RS
Heinrich, F
AF Rintoul, Stefanie
Loesche, Mathias
Cantor, Robert S.
Heinrich, Frank
TI Association of the neurotransmitters GABA and acetylcholine with lipid
bilayer membranes
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 245th National Spring Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY APR 07-11, 2013
CL New Orleans, LA
SP Amer Chem Soc
C1 [Loesche, Mathias; Heinrich, Frank] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Phys, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA.
[Rintoul, Stefanie; Loesche, Mathias] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Biomed Engn, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA.
[Loesche, Mathias; Heinrich, Frank] NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Cantor, Robert S.] Dartmouth Coll, Dept Chem, Hanover, NH 03755 USA.
EM fheinric@cmu.edu
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD APR 7
PY 2013
VL 245
MA 9-PHYS
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 216SF
UT WOS:000324303603605
ER
PT J
AU Rodriguez, E
Stock, C
Green, MA
AF Rodriguez, Efrain
Stock, Chris
Green, Mark A.
TI Chemical, structural, and magnetic trends in iron-based superconductors
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 245th National Spring Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY APR 07-11, 2013
CL New Orleans, LA
SP Amer Chem Soc
C1 [Rodriguez, Efrain; Stock, Chris; Green, Mark A.] NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Rodriguez, Efrain] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
EM efrain@umd.edu
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 4
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD APR 7
PY 2013
VL 245
MA 719-INOR
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 216SF
UT WOS:000324303601801
ER
PT J
AU Roper, ED
Joseph, E
Nalli, NR
Morris, VR
AF Roper, Ebony D.
Joseph, Everette
Nalli, Nicholas R.
Morris, Vernon R.
TI Analysis of surface ozone concentrations within the Saharan air layer
during AERosols and Ocean Science Expeditions (AEROSE)
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 245th National Spring Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY APR 07-11, 2013
CL New Orleans, LA
SP Amer Chem Soc
C1 [Roper, Ebony D.; Joseph, Everette; Morris, Vernon R.] Howard Univ, NOAA Ctr Atmospher Sci, Washington, DC 20001 USA.
[Joseph, Everette] Howard Univ, Dept Phys, Washington, DC 20059 USA.
[Nalli, Nicholas R.] NOAA NESDIS, Ctr Satellite Applicat & Res, Camp Springs, MD 20746 USA.
[Morris, Vernon R.] Howard Univ, Dept Chem, Washington, DC 20001 USA.
EM ebony.roper@howard.edu
RI Nalli, Nicholas/F-6731-2010
OI Nalli, Nicholas/0000-0002-6914-5537
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 2
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD APR 7
PY 2013
VL 245
MA 509-ENVR
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 216SF
UT WOS:000324303600317
ER
PT J
AU Zeissler, CJ
Davis, J
Lindstrom, RM
AF Zeissler, Cynthia J.
Davis, Jeffrey
Lindstrom, Richard M.
TI Particle size limits, chemistry, and activities for Fukushima aerosols
collected in Japan
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 245th National Spring Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY APR 07-11, 2013
CL New Orleans, LA
SP Amer Chem Soc
C1 [Zeissler, Cynthia J.; Davis, Jeffrey; Lindstrom, Richard M.] NIST, Mat Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM cynthia.zeissler@nist.gov
NR 1
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 2
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD APR 7
PY 2013
VL 245
MA 3-NUCL
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 216SF
UT WOS:000324303602627
ER
PT J
AU Ahmed, Z
Hendricks, J
Olson, DA
Strouse, GF
AF Ahmed, Zeeshan
Hendricks, Jay
Olson, Douglas A.
Strouse, Gregory F.
TI Optical sensing of temperature, pressure, and humidity
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 245th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY APR 07-11, 2013
CL New Orleans, LA
SP Amer Chem Soc
C1 [Ahmed, Zeeshan; Hendricks, Jay; Olson, Douglas A.; Strouse, Gregory F.] NIST, Sensor Sci Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM zeeshan.ahmed@nist.gov
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 2
U2 4
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD APR 7
PY 2013
VL 245
MA 4-ANYL
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 210RD
UT WOS:000323851300555
ER
PT J
AU Brown, CM
Hudson, MR
Queen, WL
AF Brown, Craig M.
Hudson, Matthew R.
Queen, Wendy L.
TI Understanding adsorption in porous materials through structure and
spectroscopy
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 245th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY APR 07-11, 2013
CL New Orleans, LA
SP Amer Chem Soc
ID METAL-ORGANIC FRAMEWORK
C1 [Brown, Craig M.; Hudson, Matthew R.] NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Brown, Craig M.] Univ Delaware, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
[Queen, Wendy L.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Mol Foundry, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM craig.brown@nist.gov
NR 5
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD APR 7
PY 2013
VL 245
MA 58-ENFL
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 210RD
UT WOS:000323851304507
ER
PT J
AU Chaka, AM
Oxford, GE
AF Chaka, Anne M.
Oxford, Gloria E.
TI Oxidation and reduction of SnO2 and b-MnO2 (110), (100), and (101)
surfaces
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 245th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY APR 07-11, 2013
CL New Orleans, LA
SP Amer Chem Soc
C1 [Chaka, Anne M.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Chem & Mat Sci Div, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
[Oxford, Gloria E.] NIST, Phys Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM anne.chaka@pnnl.gov
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 2
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD APR 7
PY 2013
VL 245
MA 163-COLL
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 210RD
UT WOS:000323851303814
ER
PT J
AU Chen, W
Xu, T
He, F
Wang, W
Wang, C
Strzalka, J
Liu, Y
Wen, JG
Miller, DJ
Yu, LP
Darling, SB
AF Chen, Wei
Xu, Tao
He, Feng
Wang, Wei
Wang, Cheng
Strzalka, Joseph
Liu, Yun
Wen, Jianguo
Miller, Dean J.
Yu, Luping
Darling, Seth B.
TI Morphology-property insights into high-performance organic photovoltaics
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 245th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY APR 07-11, 2013
CL New Orleans, LA
SP Amer Chem Soc
C1 [Chen, Wei; Wen, Jianguo; Miller, Dean J.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Chen, Wei; Darling, Seth B.] Univ Chicago, Inst Mol Engn, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.
[Xu, Tao; He, Feng; Wang, Wei; Yu, Luping] Univ Chicago, Dept Chem, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.
[Wang, Cheng] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Adv Light Source, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Strzalka, Joseph] Argonne Natl Lab, Xray Sci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Liu, Yun] Univ Nis, NIST Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Liu, Yun] Univ Delaware, Dept Chem Engn, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
[Darling, Seth B.] Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Nanoscale Mat, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
EM darling@anl.gov
RI Liu, Yun/F-6516-2012
OI Liu, Yun/0000-0002-0944-3153
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 8
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD APR 7
PY 2013
VL 245
MA 5-ENFL
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 210RD
UT WOS:000323851304460
ER
PT J
AU Chirico, RD
Frenkel, M
Magee, JW
Diky, VV
Kroenlein, K
Muzny, CD
Kazakov, AF
Abdulagatov, IM
Hardin, GR
de Loos, TW
O'Connell, JP
McCabe, C
Brennecke, JF
Mathias, PM
Goodwin, ARH
Wu, JT
Marsh, KN
Weir, RD
Acree, WE
Padua, A
Haynes, WM
Friend, DG
Mandelis, A
Rives, V
Schick, C
Vyazovkin, S
Chen, E
AF Chirico, Robert D.
Frenkel, Michael
Magee, Joseph W.
Diky, Vladimir V.
Kroenlein, Kenneth
Muzny, Chris D.
Kazakov, Andrei F.
Abdulagatov, Ilmutdin M.
Hardin, Gary R.
de Loos, Theodoor W.
O'Connell, John P.
McCabe, Clare
Brennecke, Joan F.
Mathias, Paul M.
Goodwin, Anthony R. H.
Wu, Jiangtao
Marsh, Kenneth N.
Weir, Ronald D.
Acree, William E., Jr.
Padua, Agilio
Haynes, W. M. (Mickey)
Friend, Daniel G.
Mandelis, Andreas
Rives, Vicente
Schick, Christoph
Vyazovkin, Sergey
Chen, Ella
TI NIST-journal cooperation to improve the quality of published
experimental data: Pre-acceptance evaluation and on-line tools
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 245th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY APR 07-11, 2013
CL New Orleans, LA
SP Amer Chem Soc
C1 [Chirico, Robert D.; Frenkel, Michael; Magee, Joseph W.; Diky, Vladimir V.; Kroenlein, Kenneth; Muzny, Chris D.; Kazakov, Andrei F.; Abdulagatov, Ilmutdin M.; Hardin, Gary R.; Haynes, W. M. (Mickey); Friend, Daniel G.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Appl Chem & Mat Div, Boulder, CO USA.
[de Loos, Theodoor W.] Delft Univ Technol, Dept Proc & Energy, Delft, Netherlands.
[O'Connell, John P.] Univ Virginia, Dept Chem Engn, Charlottesville, VA USA.
[McCabe, Clare] Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Nashville, TN 37235 USA.
[McCabe, Clare] Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Chem, Nashville, TN USA.
[Brennecke, Joan F.] Univ Notre Dame, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA.
[Mathias, Paul M.] Fluor Corp, Aliso Viejo, CA USA.
[Goodwin, Anthony R. H.] Schlumberger Technol Corp, Sugar Land, TX USA.
[Wu, Jiangtao] Xi An Jiao Tong Univ, Ctr Thermal & Fluid Sci, Xian 710049, Shaanxi, Peoples R China.
[Weir, Ronald D.] Royal Mil Coll Canada, Dept Chem & Chem Engn, Kingston, ON, Canada.
[Acree, William E., Jr.] Univ N Texas, Dept Chem, Denton, TX 76203 USA.
[Padua, Agilio] Univ Clermont Ferrand, Lab Thermodynam & Interact Mol, Clermont Ferrand, France.
[Padua, Agilio] Univ Clermont Ferrand, Photochim Mol & Macromol Lab, CNRS, F-63177 Clermont Ferrand, France.
[Mandelis, Andreas] Univ Toronto, Fac Appl Sci & Engn, Toronto, ON, Canada.
[Rives, Vicente] Univ Salamanca, Dept Quim Inorgan, E-37008 Salamanca, Spain.
[Schick, Christoph] Univ Rostock, Inst Phys, D-18055 Rostock, Germany.
[Vyazovkin, Sergey] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Dept Chem, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA.
[Chen, Ella] Elsevier, Phys & Theoret Chem, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
EM robert.chirico@nist.gov
RI de Loos, Theodoor/L-1825-2013; McCabe, Clare/I-8017-2012
OI McCabe, Clare/0000-0002-8552-9135
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 5
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD APR 7
PY 2013
VL 245
MA 39-CINF
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 210RD
UT WOS:000323851303567
ER
PT J
AU Clark, NJ
Watson, MC
Krueger, S
Lee, HJ
McAuley, A
Curtis, JE
AF Clark, Nicholas J.
Watson, Max C.
Krueger, Susan
Lee, Hyo Jin
McAuley, Arnold
Curtis, Joseph E.
TI Small-angle scattering and atomistic modeling of monoclonal antibodies
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 245th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY APR 07-11, 2013
CL New Orleans, LA
SP Amer Chem Soc
C1 [Clark, Nicholas J.; Watson, Max C.; Krueger, Susan; Curtis, Joseph E.] NIST, NIST Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Lee, Hyo Jin; McAuley, Arnold] Amgen Inc, Dept Drug Prod Dev, Thousand Oaks, CA 91320 USA.
EM nicholas.clark@nist.gov
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 4
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD APR 7
PY 2013
VL 245
MA 177-BIOT
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 210RD
UT WOS:000323851301021
ER
PT J
AU Dura, JA
Owejan, JE
DeCaluwe, SC
Owejan, JP
AF Dura, Joseph A.
Owejan, Jeanette E.
DeCaluwe, Steven C.
Owejan, Jon P.
TI In situ neutron reflectometry measurements of the solid electrolyte
interphase in Li-ion batteries
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 245th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY APR 07-11, 2013
CL New Orleans, LA
SP Amer Chem Soc
C1 [Dura, Joseph A.] NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20815 USA.
[Owejan, Jeanette E.; Owejan, Jon P.] Gen Motors, Electrochem Energy Res Lab, Honeoye Falls, NY 14472 USA.
[DeCaluwe, Steven C.] Colorado Sch Mines, Dept Mech Engn, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
EM jdura@nist.gov
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 11
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD APR 7
PY 2013
VL 245
MA 261-ENFL
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 210RD
UT WOS:000323851304693
ER
PT J
AU Farha, OK
Wilmer, C
Yildirim, T
Snurr, RQ
Hupp, J
AF Farha, Omar K.
Wilmer, Christopher
Yildirim, Taner
Snurr, Randall Q.
Hupp, Joseph
TI Utilizing metal-organic frameworks for gas storage
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 245th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY APR 07-11, 2013
CL New Orleans, LA
SP Amer Chem Soc
C1 [Farha, Omar K.; Wilmer, Christopher; Snurr, Randall Q.; Hupp, Joseph] Northwestern Univ, Evanston, IL 60208 USA.
[Yildirim, Taner] NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM o-farha@northwestern.edu
RI Snurr, Randall/B-6699-2009
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD APR 7
PY 2013
VL 245
MA 221-ENFL
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 210RD
UT WOS:000323851304658
ER
PT J
AU Feshitan, JA
Boss, MA
Borden, MA
AF Feshitan, Jameel A.
Boss, Michael A.
Borden, Mark A.
TI Magnetic resonance properties of Gd(III)-bound lipid-coated microbubbles
and their cavitation fragments
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 245th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY APR 07-11, 2013
CL New Orleans, LA
SP Amer Chem Soc
C1 [Feshitan, Jameel A.; Borden, Mark A.] Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Boss, Michael A.] NIST, Electromagnet Div, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
EM jameel.feshitan@colorado.edu
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD APR 7
PY 2013
VL 245
MA 517-COLL
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 210RD
UT WOS:000323851303983
ER
PT J
AU Gigault, J
Hackley, VA
AF Gigault, Julien
Hackley, Vincent A.
TI l Gold nanorod separation and characterization by asymmetric-flow field
flow fractionation coupled to UV-Vis detector
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 245th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY APR 07-11, 2013
CL New Orleans, LA
SP Amer Chem Soc
C1 [Gigault, Julien; Hackley, Vincent A.] NIST, Mat Measurement Sci Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM julien.gigault@nist.gov
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD APR 7
PY 2013
VL 245
MA 174-ANYL
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 210RD
UT WOS:000323851300389
ER
PT J
AU Gonzalez, CA
AF Gonzalez, Carlos A.
TI Use of computational chemistry methodologies in the interpretation and
guidance of experimental measurements
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 245th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY APR 07-11, 2013
CL New Orleans, LA
SP Amer Chem Soc
C1 [Gonzalez, Carlos A.] NIST, Div Chem Sci, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM carlos.gonzalez@nist.gov
RI Gonzalez, Carlos A/O-4651-2014
OI Gonzalez, Carlos A/0000-0003-2822-9715
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD APR 7
PY 2013
VL 245
MA 141-COMP
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 210RD
UT WOS:000323851304193
ER
PT J
AU Kearns, J
Shimabuku, K
Noikaew, R
Niamjan, S
Reents, N
Mansfield, E
Rutherford, D
McLaughlin, H
Knappe, D
Summers, RS
AF Kearns, Joshua
Shimabuku, Kyle
Noikaew, Ramphai
Niamjan, Sheena
Reents, Nathan
Mansfield, Elisabeth
Rutherford, David
McLaughlin, Hugh
Knappe, Detlef
Summers, R. Scott
TI Herbicide sorption/desorption by biochars produced from traditional kiln
and low-cost gasifier systems: Applications in sustainable decentralized
water treatment for developing communities
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 245th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY APR 07-11, 2013
CL New Orleans, LA
SP Amer Chem Soc
C1 [Kearns, Joshua; Shimabuku, Kyle; Summers, R. Scott] Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Noikaew, Ramphai; Niamjan, Sheena; Reents, Nathan] Pun Pun Ctr Self Reliance, Chiang Mai 50150, Thailand.
[Kearns, Joshua; Reents, Nathan] Aqueous Solut, Chiang Mai 50150, Thailand.
[Mansfield, Elisabeth] NIST, Boulder, CO USA.
[Rutherford, David] US Geol Survey, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[McLaughlin, Hugh] Alterna Biocarbon, Biocarbon Res, Groton, MA USA.
[Knappe, Detlef] N Carolina State Univ, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
EM joshua.kearns@colorado.edu
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 3
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD APR 7
PY 2013
VL 245
MA 81-ENVR
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 210RD
UT WOS:000323851305303
ER
PT J
AU Li, L
Cockayne, E
AF Li, Lan
Cockayne, Eric
TI Nanoporous materials by design for carbon capture and storage
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 245th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY APR 07-11, 2013
CL New Orleans, LA
SP Amer Chem Soc
C1 [Li, Lan; Cockayne, Eric] NIST, Mat Measurement Sci Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20878 USA.
[Li, Lan] Boise State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Boise, ID 83725 USA.
EM lanli@boisestate.edu
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 2
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD APR 7
PY 2013
VL 245
MA 444-ENFL
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 210RD
UT WOS:000323851304858
ER
PT J
AU Madigan, DJ
Baumann, Z
Munch, S
Popp, BN
Block, BA
Fisher, NS
AF Madigan, Daniel J.
Baumann, Zosia
Munch, Stephen
Popp, Brian N.
Block, Barbara A.
Fisher, Nicholas S.
TI Fukushima-derived radiocesium in highly migratory Pacific predators
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 245th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY APR 07-11, 2013
CL New Orleans, LA
SP Amer Chem Soc
C1 [Madigan, Daniel J.; Block, Barbara A.] Stanford Univ, Dept Biol, Hopkins Marine Stn, Pacific Grove, CA 93950 USA.
[Baumann, Zosia; Fisher, Nicholas S.] SUNY Stony Brook, Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.
[Munch, Stephen] NOAA, SW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
[Popp, Brian N.] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Dept Geol & Geophys, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
EM dmadigan@stanford.edu
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 6
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD APR 7
PY 2013
VL 245
MA 8-AGFD
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 210RD
UT WOS:000323851300009
ER
PT J
AU Orski, SV
Beers, KL
AF Orski, Sara V.
Beers, Kathryn L.
TI Photo-crosslinked polymer thin film sensors for in situ adsorption
monitoring by QCM-D
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 245th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY APR 07-11, 2013
CL New Orleans, LA
SP Amer Chem Soc
C1 [Orski, Sara V.; Beers, Kathryn L.] NIST, Mat Sci & Engn Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM sara.orski@nist.gov
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD APR 7
PY 2013
VL 245
MA 259-ANYL
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 210RD
UT WOS:000323851300472
ER
PT J
AU Perevozchikova, T
Nanda, H
Jones, RL
Roberts, CJ
AF Perevozchikova, Tatiana
Nanda, Hirsh
Jones, Ronald L.
Roberts, Christopher J.
TI Protein aggregation as a consequence of surface association
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 245th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY APR 07-11, 2013
CL New Orleans, LA
SP Amer Chem Soc
C1 [Perevozchikova, Tatiana; Roberts, Christopher J.] Univ Delaware, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
[Perevozchikova, Tatiana; Jones, Ronald L.; Roberts, Christopher J.] NIST, nSoft Consortium, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Nanda, Hirsh] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Phys, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA.
[Nanda, Hirsh] NIST, Natl Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM tatiana.perevozchikova@nist.gov
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 1
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD APR 7
PY 2013
VL 245
MA 174-BIOT
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 210RD
UT WOS:000323851301018
ER
PT J
AU Rintoul, S
Shekhar, P
Zimmermann, K
Stern, LJ
Losche, M
Heinrich, F
AF Rintoul, Stefanie
Shekhar, Prabhanshu
Zimmermann, Kerstin
Stern, Lawrence J.
Loesche, Mathias
Heinrich, Frank
TI Association of the T-cell antigen receptor z subunit with the lipid
membrane: Affinities and structure
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 245th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY APR 07-11, 2013
CL New Orleans, LA
SP Amer Chem Soc
C1 [Shekhar, Prabhanshu; Loesche, Mathias; Heinrich, Frank] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Phys, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA.
[Rintoul, Stefanie; Loesche, Mathias] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Biomed Engn, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA.
[Loesche, Mathias; Heinrich, Frank] NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Zimmermann, Kerstin; Stern, Lawrence J.] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Pathol, Worcester, MA 01605 USA.
EM fheinric@cmu.edu
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD APR 7
PY 2013
VL 245
MA 142-COLL
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 210RD
UT WOS:000323851303794
ER
PT J
AU Rosado-Reyes, CM
Tsang, W
AF Rosado-Reyes, Claudette M.
Tsang, Wing
TI Kinetics and mechanism of the thermal decomposition of isobutanol in a
heated single pulse shock tube
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 245th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY APR 07-11, 2013
CL New Orleans, LA
SP Amer Chem Soc
C1 [Rosado-Reyes, Claudette M.; Tsang, Wing] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM claudette.rosado-reyes@nist.gov
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD APR 7
PY 2013
VL 245
MA 791-ENFL
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 210RD
UT WOS:000323851305191
ER
PT J
AU Ryerson, TB
Bauguitte, SJB
Lee, JD
Wellpott, A
Lowry, D
Fisher, RE
Lewis, AC
Hopkins, JR
Allan, G
O'Shea, S
Lanoiselle, ME
France, J
Lidster, RT
Punjabi, S
Manning, AJ
Mobbs, SD
Gallagher, M
Coe, H
Pyle, JA
Nisbet, EG
Blake, DR
Atlas, EA
de Gouw, JA
Warneke, C
Peischl, J
Parrish, DD
Ravishankara, AR
AF Ryerson, Thomas B.
Bauguitte, Stephane J. -B.
Lee, James D.
Wellpott, Axel
Lowry, David
Fisher, Rebecca E.
Lewis, Alastair C.
Hopkins, James R.
Allan, Grant
O'Shea, Sebastian
Lanoiselle, Mathias E.
France, James
Lidster, Richard T.
Punjabi, Shalini
Manning, Alistair J.
Mobbs, Stephen D.
Gallagher, Martin
Coe, Hugh
Pyle, John A.
Nisbet, Euan G.
Blake, Donald R.
Atlas, Elliot A.
de Gouw, Joost A.
Warneke, Carsten
Peischl, Jeffrey
Parrish, David D.
Ravishankara, A. R.
TI Airborne chemical measurements provide time-critical decision support
during offshore blowouts: Examples from Deepwater Horizon in 2010 and
Elgin in 2012
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 245th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY APR 07-11, 2013
CL New Orleans, LA
SP Amer Chem Soc
C1 [Ryerson, Thomas B.; de Gouw, Joost A.; Warneke, Carsten; Peischl, Jeffrey; Parrish, David D.; Ravishankara, A. R.] NOAA ESRL Chem Sci Div, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Bauguitte, Stephane J. -B.; Wellpott, Axel] FAAM, Cranfield, Beds, England.
[Lee, James D.; Lewis, Alastair C.; Hopkins, James R.; Lidster, Richard T.; Punjabi, Shalini; Mobbs, Stephen D.] UK Natl Ctr Atmospher Sci, York YO100 5DD, N Yorkshire, England.
[Lowry, David; Fisher, Rebecca E.; Lanoiselle, Mathias E.; France, James; Nisbet, Euan G.] Royal Holloway Univ London, Dept Earth Sci, Egham, Surrey, England.
[Manning, Alistair J.] UK Meteorol Off, Exeter, Devon, England.
[Allan, Grant; O'Shea, Sebastian; Gallagher, Martin; Coe, Hugh] Univ Manchester, Sch Earth Atmospher & Environm Sci, Manchester, Lancs, England.
[Pyle, John A.] Univ Cambridge, Dept Chem, Ctr Atmospher Sci, Cambridge CB2 1EW, England.
[Blake, Donald R.] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Chem, Irvine, CA 92697 USA.
[Atlas, Elliot A.] Univ Miami, Rosenstiel Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
EM thomas.b.ryerson@noaa.gov
RI Warneke, Carsten/E-7174-2010; Parrish, David/E-8957-2010; Lewis,
Alastair/A-6721-2008; Atlas, Elliot/J-8171-2015
OI Parrish, David/0000-0001-6312-2724; Lewis, Alastair/0000-0002-4075-3651;
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 15
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD APR 7
PY 2013
VL 245
MA 226-ANYL
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 210RD
UT WOS:000323851300442
ER
PT J
AU Sharma, R
Winterstein, J
Sharma, V
Croazier, PA
AF Sharma, Renu
Winterstein, Jonathan
Sharma, Vaneet
Croazier, Peter A.
TI In situ measurements of the redox activity of Ce based anode materials
for solid oxide fuel cell applications
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 245th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY APR 07-11, 2013
CL New Orleans, LA
SP Amer Chem Soc
C1 [Sharma, Renu] NIST, Ctr Nanoscale Sci & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Winterstein, Jonathan] FEI Co, Hillsboro, OR 97124 USA.
[Sharma, Vaneet; Croazier, Peter A.] Arizona State Univ, Sch Engn Matter Transport & Energy, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA.
EM renu.sharma@nist.gov
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD APR 7
PY 2013
VL 245
MA 53-ENFL
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 210RD
UT WOS:000323851304502
ER
PT J
AU Shenoy, SS
Heinrich, F
Nanda, H
Gericke, A
Ross, AH
Losche, M
AF Shenoy, Siddharth S.
Heinrich, Frank
Nanda, Hirsh
Gericke, Arne
Ross, Alonzo H.
Loesche, Mathias
TI Membrane binding and regulation of the PTEN tumor suppressor
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 245th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY APR 07-11, 2013
CL New Orleans, LA
SP Amer Chem Soc
C1 [Shenoy, Siddharth S.; Heinrich, Frank; Nanda, Hirsh; Loesche, Mathias] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Phys, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA.
[Loesche, Mathias] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Biomed Engn, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA.
[Heinrich, Frank; Nanda, Hirsh; Loesche, Mathias] NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Gericke, Arne] Worcester Polytech Inst, Dept Chem & Biochem, Worcester, MA 01609 USA.
[Ross, Alonzo H.] Univ Massachusetts Med Sch, Dept Biochem & Mol Pharmacol, Worcester, MA 01605 USA.
EM quench@cmu.edu
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD APR 7
PY 2013
VL 245
MA 220-COLL
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 210RD
UT WOS:000323851303869
ER
PT J
AU Watson, MC
Clark, NJ
Curtis, JE
AF Watson, Max C.
Clark, Nicholas J.
Curtis, Joseph E.
TI Atomically detailed modeling of crowded antibody solutions: Effects of
protein concentration and salt in 1000-molecule simulations
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 245th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY APR 07-11, 2013
CL New Orleans, LA
SP Amer Chem Soc
C1 [Watson, Max C.; Clark, Nicholas J.; Curtis, Joseph E.] NIST, NIST Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM max.watson@nist.gov
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD APR 7
PY 2013
VL 245
MA 176-BIOT
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 210RD
UT WOS:000323851301020
ER
PT J
AU Wong-Ng, W
Culp, J
Chen, YS
Espinal, L
Allen, AJ
Siderius, D
Brown, CM
Queen, WL
Zavalij, P
Matranga, C
AF Wong-Ng, Winnie
Culp, Jeffrey
Chen, Yu-Sheng
Espinal, Laura
Allen, Andrew J.
Siderius, Daniel
Brown, Craig M.
Queen, Wendy L.
Zavalij, Peter
Matranga, Christopher
TI Flexible metal organic framework compound,
Ni(1,2-bis(4-pyridyl)ethylene)[Ni(CN)(4)](n), for CO2 sorption
applications
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 245th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY APR 07-11, 2013
CL New Orleans, LA
SP Amer Chem Soc
C1 [Wong-Ng, Winnie; Espinal, Laura; Allen, Andrew J.] NIST, Mat Measurement Sci Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Culp, Jeffrey; Matranga, Christopher] Natl Energy Technol Lab, Div Chem & Surface Sci, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA.
[Chen, Yu-Sheng] Univ Chicago, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Zavalij, Peter] Univ Maryland, Dept Chem & Biochem, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Culp, Jeffrey] URS Corp, South Pk, PA 15219 USA.
[Siderius, Daniel] NIST, Div Chem Sci, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Brown, Craig M.] NIST, NIST Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Queen, Wendy L.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Mol Foundry, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM winnie.wong-ng@nist.gov
RI Matranga, Christopher/E-4741-2015
OI Matranga, Christopher/0000-0001-7082-5938
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 1
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD APR 7
PY 2013
VL 245
MA 137-ENFL
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 210RD
UT WOS:000323851304579
ER
PT J
AU Ye, J
Wang, DB
Sheng, LG
AF Ye, Jing
Wang, Dongbo
Sheng Lin-Gibson
TI Laser light scattering measurement of polymer directed calcium phosphate
biomineralization
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 245th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY APR 07-11, 2013
CL New Orleans, LA
SP Amer Chem Soc
C1 [Ye, Jing; Wang, Dongbo; Sheng Lin-Gibson] NIST, Biomat Grp, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM slgibson@nist.gov
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD APR 7
PY 2013
VL 245
MA 212-COLL
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 210RD
UT WOS:000323851303862
ER
PT J
AU Yildirim, T
AF Yildirim, Taner
TI Carbon capture and methane storage in porous metal-organic frameworks: A
comparative study and independent validation of current records and
future directions
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 245th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY APR 07-11, 2013
CL New Orleans, LA
SP Amer Chem Soc
C1 [Yildirim, Taner] NIST, NIST Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Yildirim, Taner] Univ Penn, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
EM taner@nist.gov
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 3
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD APR 7
PY 2013
VL 245
MA 135-ENFL
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 210RD
UT WOS:000323851304577
ER
PT J
AU Marshall, KN
Hobbs, NT
Cooper, DJ
AF Marshall, Kristin N.
Hobbs, N. Thompson
Cooper, David J.
TI Stream hydrology limits recovery of riparian ecosystems after wolf
reintroduction
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
DE trophic cascade; alternative states; resilience
ID YELLOWSTONE-NATIONAL-PARK; NORTHERN WINTER RANGE; TROPHIC CASCADES;
UNGULATE HERBIVORY; WOLVES; WILLOW; ELK; PERTURBATION; ECOLOGY; BEAVER
AB Efforts to restore ecosystems often focus on reintroducing apex predators to re-establish coevolved relationships among predators, herbivores and plants. The preponderance of evidence for indirect effects of predators on terrestrial plant communities comes from ecosystems where predators have been removed. Far less is known about the consequences of their restoration. The effects of removal and restoration are unlikely to be symmetrical because removing predators can create feedbacks that reinforce the effects of predator loss. Observational studies have suggested that the reintroduction of wolves to Yellowstone National Park initiated dramatic restoration of riparian ecosystems by releasing willows from excessive browsing by elk. Here, we present results from a decade-long experiment in Yellowstone showing that moderating browsing alone was not sufficient to restore riparian zones along small streams. Instead, restoration of willow communities depended on removing browsing and restoring hydrological conditions that prevailed before the removal of wolves. The 70-year absence of predators from the ecosystem changed the disturbance regime in a way that was not reversed by predator reintroduction. We conclude that predator restoration may not quickly repair effects of predator removal in ecosystems.
C1 [Marshall, Kristin N.; Hobbs, N. Thompson; Cooper, David J.] Colorado State Univ, Grad Degree Program Ecol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Marshall, Kristin N.; Cooper, David J.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Forest & Rangeland Stewardship, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Hobbs, N. Thompson] Colorado State Univ, Nat Resource & Ecol Lab, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Hobbs, N. Thompson] Colorado State Univ, Dept Ecosyst Sci & Sustainabil, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
RP Marshall, KN (reprint author), NOAA, Conservat Biol Div, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, 2725 Montlake Blvd E, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
EM kristin.marshall@noaa.gov
RI Hobbs, Tom/C-5263-2016
FU United States National Science Foundation [DEB-0717367, DEB-1147369]
FX This research was funded by the United States National Science
Foundation (DEB-0717367 and DEB-1147369). We thank the staff of the
Yellowstone Center for Resources for logistical and technical support,
and K. Schoenecker and L. Ziegenfuss for providing F. J. Singer's raw
data from his 1994 paper. Many individuals helped with fieldwork. Thanks
to D. Theobald and J. Salo for assistance with observational site
selection. This manuscript was improved by comments from D. Binkley, W.
Romme, M. Kauffman, J. Hoeting and two anonymous reviewers.
NR 52
TC 21
Z9 21
U1 19
U2 264
PU ROYAL SOC
PI LONDON
PA 6-9 CARLTON HOUSE TERRACE, LONDON SW1Y 5AG, ENGLAND
SN 0962-8452
J9 P ROY SOC B-BIOL SCI
JI Proc. R. Soc. B-Biol. Sci.
PD APR 7
PY 2013
VL 280
IS 1756
AR 20122977
DI 10.1098/rspb.2012.2977
PG 7
WC Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology
SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Environmental Sciences &
Ecology; Evolutionary Biology
GA 097GH
UT WOS:000315461500023
PM 23390108
ER
PT J
AU Ahmed, Z
Plusquellic, DF
AF Ahmed, Zeeshan
Plusquellic, David F.
TI Characterizing crystalline materials with terahertz spectroscopy
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT Symposium on Physicochemical Characterization of Organic Matter - Past,
Present, Future, and Role of Environment / 245th National Spring Meeting
of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY APR 07-11, 2013
CL New Orleans, LA
SP Amer Chem Soc, Div Chem Educ
C1 [Ahmed, Zeeshan; Plusquellic, David F.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM zeeshan.ahmed@nist.gov
NR 2
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD APR 7
PY 2013
VL 245
MA 337-ANYL
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 210RD
UT WOS:000323851300548
ER
PT J
AU Bhongale, SG
Mathey, L
Tsai, SW
Clark, CW
Zhao, EH
AF Bhongale, S. G.
Mathey, L.
Tsai, Shan-Wen
Clark, Charles W.
Zhao, Erhai
TI Unconventional spin-density waves in dipolar Fermi gases
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A
LA English
DT Article
ID RENORMALIZATION-GROUP APPROACH; POLAR-MOLECULES; LATTICE
AB We show that unconventional spin order arises naturally in two-component dipolar Fermi gases of atoms or molecules, which recently became accessible experimentally, in optical lattices. Using an unbiased functional renormalization-group analysis, we find that dipolar interactions lead to an instability of the gas toward an l = 1 spin-density wave state. This phase is the particle-hole analog of spin-triplet, p-wave Cooper pairs. The order parameter for such spin-density waves of p-wave orbital symmetry is a vector in spin space and, moreover, is defined on lattice bonds rather than on lattice sites. We determine the rich quantum phase diagram of dipolar fermions at half filling on the square lattice as a function of the dipolar orientation and discuss how these exotic spin-density waves emerge amidst competition with superfluid and charge-density wave phases. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevA.87.043604
C1 [Bhongale, S. G.; Zhao, Erhai] George Mason Univ, Sch Phys Astron & Computat Sci, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA.
[Mathey, L.] Univ Hamburg, Zentrum Opt Quantentechnol, D-22761 Hamburg, Germany.
[Mathey, L.] Univ Hamburg, Inst Laserphys, D-22761 Hamburg, Germany.
[Tsai, Shan-Wen] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Phys & Astron, Riverside, CA 92521 USA.
[Bhongale, S. G.; Clark, Charles W.; Zhao, Erhai] NIST, Joint Quantum Inst, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Bhongale, S. G.; Clark, Charles W.; Zhao, Erhai] Univ Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Bhongale, SG (reprint author), George Mason Univ, Sch Phys Astron & Computat Sci, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA.
RI Clark, Charles/A-8594-2009; Mathey, Ludwig/A-9644-2009; Zhao,
Erhai/B-3463-2010
OI Clark, Charles/0000-0001-8724-9885; Zhao, Erhai/0000-0001-8954-1601
FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR); National Institute of
Standards and Technology (NIST); National Science Foundation (NSF)
[DMR-0847801]; Landesexzellenzinitiative Hamburg; Science and Research
Foundation Hamburg; Joachim Herz Stiftung; Deutsche
Forschungsgemeinschaft [SFB 925]; UC-Lab FRP [09-LR-05-118602]
FX We thank Benjamin Lev for invaluable discussions. S.B. and E.Z. are
supported by Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR), National
Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), and National Science
Foundation (NSF). L.M. acknowledges support from the
Landesexzellenzinitiative Hamburg, which is financed by the Science and
Research Foundation Hamburg and supported by the Joachim Herz Stiftung,
and from the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft under Grant No. SFB 925.
S.W.T. acknowledges support from NSF under Grant No. DMR-0847801 and
from the UC-Lab FRP under Grant No. 09-LR-05-118602.
NR 31
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 3
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1050-2947
J9 PHYS REV A
JI Phys. Rev. A
PD APR 5
PY 2013
VL 87
IS 4
AR 043604
DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.87.043604
PG 5
WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Optics; Physics
GA 120ST
UT WOS:000317193400004
ER
PT J
AU Anton, SM
Birenbaum, JS
O'Kelley, SR
Bolkhovsky, V
Braje, DA
Fitch, G
Neeley, M
Hilton, GC
Cho, HM
Irwin, KD
Wellstood, FC
Oliver, WD
Shnirman, A
Clarke, J
AF Anton, S. M.
Birenbaum, J. S.
O'Kelley, S. R.
Bolkhovsky, V.
Braje, D. A.
Fitch, G.
Neeley, M.
Hilton, G. C.
Cho, H. -M.
Irwin, K. D.
Wellstood, F. C.
Oliver, W. D.
Shnirman, A.
Clarke, John
TI Magnetic Flux Noise in dc SQUIDs: Temperature and Geometry Dependence
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID QUANTUM; SPECTROSCOPY; JUNCTIONS; STATES
AB The spectral density S-Phi(f) = A(2)/(f/1 Hz)(alpha) of magnetic flux noise in ten dc superconducting quantum interference devices (SQUIDs) with systematically varied geometries shows that alpha increases as the temperature is lowered; in so doing, each spectrum pivots about a nearly constant frequency. The mean-square flux noise, inferred by integrating the power spectra, grows rapidly with temperature and at a given temperature is approximately independent of the outer dimension of a given SQUID. These results are incompatible with a model based on the random reversal of independent, surface spins. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.110.147002
C1 [Anton, S. M.; Birenbaum, J. S.; O'Kelley, S. R.; Clarke, John] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Bolkhovsky, V.; Braje, D. A.; Fitch, G.; Neeley, M.; Oliver, W. D.] MIT Lincoln Lab, Lexington, MA 02420 USA.
[Hilton, G. C.; Cho, H. -M.; Irwin, K. D.] NIST, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Wellstood, F. C.] Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Shnirman, A.] Karlsruhe Inst Technol, Inst Theorie Kondensierten Materie, D-76128 Karlsruhe, Germany.
RP Anton, SM (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
FU Office of the Director of National Intelligence (ODNI), Intelligence
Advanced Research Projects Activity (IARPA), through the Army Research
Office; United States Government; NIST Quantum Initiative
FX This research was funded by the Office of the Director of National
Intelligence (ODNI), Intelligence Advanced Research Projects Activity
(IARPA), through the Army Research Office, by the United States
Government, and by the NIST Quantum Initiative.
NR 32
TC 34
Z9 34
U1 2
U2 40
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0031-9007
J9 PHYS REV LETT
JI Phys. Rev. Lett.
PD APR 5
PY 2013
VL 110
IS 14
AR 147002
DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.110.147002
PG 5
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 120RX
UT WOS:000317190800014
PM 25167026
ER
PT J
AU Zhao, J
Rotundu, CR
Marty, K
Matsuda, M
Zhao, Y
Setty, C
Bourret-Courchesne, E
Hu, JP
Birgeneau, RJ
AF Zhao, Jun
Rotundu, C. R.
Marty, K.
Matsuda, M.
Zhao, Y.
Setty, C.
Bourret-Courchesne, E.
Hu, Jiangping
Birgeneau, R. J.
TI Effect of Electron Correlations on Magnetic Excitations in the
Isovalently Doped Iron-Based Superconductor Ba(Fe1-xRux)(2)As-2
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID NEUTRON-SCATTERING
AB Magnetic correlations in isovalently doped Ba(Fe1 - xRux)(2)As-2 (x = 0.25, T-c = 14.5 K; x = 0.35, T-c = 20 K) are studied by elastic and inelastic neutron scattering techniques. A relatively large superconducting spin gap accompanied by a weak resonance mode is observed in the superconducting state in both samples. In the normal state, the magnetic excitation intensity is dramatically reduced with increasing Ru doping toward the optimally doped regime. Our results favor that the weakening of the electron-electron correlations by Ru doping is responsible for the dampening of the resonance mode, as well as the suppression of the normal state antiferromagnetic correlations near the optimally doped regime in this system. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.110.147003
C1 [Zhao, Jun] Fudan Univ, Dept Phys, Shanghai 200433, Peoples R China.
[Zhao, Jun] Fudan Univ, State Key Lab Surface Phys, Adv Mat Lab, Shanghai 200433, Peoples R China.
[Zhao, Jun; Birgeneau, R. J.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Zhao, Jun] Miller Inst Basic Res Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Rotundu, C. R.; Bourret-Courchesne, E.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Marty, K.; Matsuda, M.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Zhao, Y.] NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Zhao, Y.] Univ Maryland, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Setty, C.; Hu, Jiangping] Purdue Univ, Dept Phys, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
[Birgeneau, R. J.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Zhao, J (reprint author), Fudan Univ, Dept Phys, Shanghai 200433, Peoples R China.
RI Zhao, Jun/A-2492-2010; Setty, Chandan/M-2973-2014; Hu,
Jiangping/A-9154-2010; Matsuda, Masaaki/A-6902-2016;
OI Zhao, Jun/0000-0002-0421-8934; Hu, Jiangping/0000-0003-4480-1734;
Matsuda, Masaaki/0000-0003-2209-9526; Rotundu,
Costel/0000-0002-1571-8352
FU Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of
Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; Office of Basic Energy Sciences US DOE
[DE-AC03-76SF008]; Miller Institute for Basic Research in Science and
Thousand Young Talents Program; Scientific User Facilities Division,
Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy
FX We thank D. H. Lee, H. Yao, and Y. M. Xu for useful discussions. This
work is supported by the Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic
Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy, under Contract No.
DE-AC02-05CH11231 and Office of Basic Energy Sciences US DOE
DE-AC03-76SF008. Jun Zhao is supported by Miller Institute for Basic
Research in Science and Thousand Young Talents Program. The research at
ORNL's HFIR was sponsored by the Scientific User Facilities Division,
Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy.
NR 40
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 25
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0031-9007
J9 PHYS REV LETT
JI Phys. Rev. Lett.
PD APR 5
PY 2013
VL 110
IS 14
AR 147003
DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.110.147003
PG 5
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 120RX
UT WOS:000317190800015
PM 25167027
ER
PT J
AU Long, WC
Swiney, KM
Harris, C
Page, HN
Foy, RJ
AF Long, William Christopher
Swiney, Katherine M.
Harris, Caitlin
Page, Heather N.
Foy, Robert J.
TI Effects of Ocean Acidification on Juvenile Red King Crab (Paralithodes
camtschaticus) and Tanner Crab (Chionoecetes bairdi) Growth, Condition,
Calcification, and Survival
SO PLOS ONE
LA English
DT Article
ID OYSTER SACCOSTREA-GLOMERATA; PREDATOR-PREY INTERACTIONS; EASTERN BERING
SEA; LARVAL DEVELOPMENT; ESTUARINE ACIDIFICATION; SEAWATER
ACIDIFICATION; EMBRYONIC-DEVELOPMENT; COMMUNITY STRUCTURE; INCUBATION
PERIOD; CRASSOSTREA-GIGAS
AB Ocean acidification, a decrease in the pH in marine waters associated with rising atmospheric CO2 levels, is a serious threat to marine ecosystems. In this paper, we determine the effects of long-term exposure to near-future levels of ocean acidification on the growth, condition, calcification, and survival of juvenile red king crabs, Paralithodes camtschaticus, and Tanner crabs, Chionoecetes bairdi. Juveniles were reared in individual containers for nearly 200 days in flowing control (pH 8.0), pH 7.8, and pH 7.5 seawater at ambient temperatures (range 4.4-11.9 degrees C). In both species, survival decreased with pH, with 100% mortality of red king crabs occurring after 95 days in pH 7.5 water. Though the morphology of neither species was affected by acidification, both species grew slower in acidified water. At the end of the experiment, calcium concentration was measured in each crab and the dry mass and condition index of each crab were determined. Ocean acidification did not affect the calcium content of red king crab but did decrease the condition index, while it had the opposite effect on Tanner crabs, decreasing calcium content but leaving the condition index unchanged. This suggests that red king crab may be able to maintain calcification rates, but at a high energetic cost. The decrease in survival and growth of each species is likely to have a serious negative effect on their populations in the absence of evolutionary adaptation or acclimatization over the coming decades.
C1 [Long, William Christopher; Swiney, Katherine M.; Harris, Caitlin; Page, Heather N.; Foy, Robert J.] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, NOAA, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr,Kodiak Lab, Resource Assessment & Conservat Engn Div, Kodiak, AK USA.
RP Long, WC (reprint author), Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, NOAA, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr,Kodiak Lab, Resource Assessment & Conservat Engn Div, Kodiak, AK USA.
EM chris.long@noaa.gov
RI Long, William/C-7074-2009;
OI Long, William/0000-0002-7095-1245; Page, Heather/0000-0001-9997-0004
FU NOAA Ocean Acidification Program; NOAA Hollings Fellowship; Pollock
Conservation Cooperative Fund Award from Alaska Pacific University
FX Funding was supplied through the NOAA Ocean Acidification Program
(http://www.oar.noaa.gov/oceans/ocean-acidification/index.html). HP was
supported by a NOAA Hollings Fellowship
(http://www.oesd.noaa.gov/scholarships/hollings.html), and CH by was
supported by a Pollock Conservation Cooperative Fund Award from Alaska
Pacific University
(http://marine.alaskapacific.edu/marine/announcement.html). The funders
had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to
publish, or preparation of the manuscript.
NR 84
TC 32
Z9 33
U1 3
U2 95
PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA
SN 1932-6203
J9 PLOS ONE
JI PLoS One
PD APR 4
PY 2013
VL 8
IS 4
AR e60959
DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0060959
PG 10
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 146RK
UT WOS:000319108100070
PM 23593357
ER
PT J
AU Bennartz, R
Shupe, MD
Turner, DD
Walden, VP
Steffen, K
Cox, CJ
Kulie, MS
Miller, NB
Pettersen, C
AF Bennartz, R.
Shupe, M. D.
Turner, D. D.
Walden, V. P.
Steffen, K.
Cox, C. J.
Kulie, M. S.
Miller, N. B.
Pettersen, C.
TI July 2012 Greenland melt extent enhanced by low-level liquid clouds
SO NATURE
LA English
DT Article
ID ICE-SHEET; ARCTIC SURFACE; SNOW
AB Melting of the world's major ice sheets can affect human and environmental conditions by contributing to sea-level rise. In July 2012, an historically rare period of extended surface melting was observed across almost the entire Greenland ice sheet(1,2), raising questions about the frequency and spatial extent of such events. Here we show that low-level clouds consisting of liquid water droplets ('liquid clouds'), via their radiative effects, played a key part in this melt event by increasing near-surface temperatures. We used a suite of surface-based observations(3), remote sensing data, and a surface energy-balance model. At the critical surface melt time, the clouds were optically thick enough and low enough to enhance the down-welling infrared flux at the surface. At the same time they were optically thin enough to allow sufficient solar radiation to penetrate through them and raise surface temperatures above the melting point. Outside this narrow range in cloud optical thickness, the radiative contribution to the surface energy budget would have been diminished, and the spatial extent of this melting event would have been smaller. We further show that these thin, low-level liquid clouds occur frequently, both over Greenland and across the Arctic, being present around 30-50 per cent of the time(3-6). Our results may help to explain the difficulties that global climate models have in simulating the Arctic surface energy budget(7-9), particularly as models tend to under-predict the formation of optically thin liquid clouds at supercooled temperatures(6)-a process potentially necessary to account fully for temperature feedbacks in a warming Arctic climate.
C1 [Bennartz, R.] Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[Shupe, M. D.; Steffen, K.] Univ Colorado, CIRES, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Shupe, M. D.; Steffen, K.] NOAA, ESRL, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Turner, D. D.] NOAA, Natl Severe Storms Lab, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
[Walden, V. P.; Cox, C. J.] Univ Idaho, Dept Geog, Moscow, ID 83844 USA.
[Steffen, K.] Swiss Fed Res Inst WSL, CH-8903 Birmensdorf, Switzerland.
[Kulie, M. S.; Miller, N. B.; Pettersen, C.] Univ Wisconsin, Space Sci & Engn Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
RP Bennartz, R (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
EM bennartz@aos.wisc.edu
RI Bennartz, Ralf/F-3760-2010; Steffen, Konrad/C-6027-2013; Kulie,
Mark/C-3289-2011; Shupe, Matthew/F-8754-2011; Cox,
Christopher/O-4276-2016
OI Steffen, Konrad/0000-0001-8658-1026; Kulie, Mark/0000-0003-1400-1007;
Shupe, Matthew/0000-0002-0973-9982; Cox, Christopher/0000-0003-2203-7173
FU US National Science Foundation, Arctic Observing Network (AON) programme
[ARC-0904152, 0856773, 0856559]
FX ICECAPS is supported by the US National Science Foundation (grants
ARC-0904152, 0856773 and 0856559) as part of the Arctic Observing
Network (AON) programme. Two-metre temperature and radar measurements
were provided by the NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory. Lidar and
ceilometer measurements were provided by the Department of Energy
Atmospheric Radiation Measurement programme. We thank the extended
ICECAPS team of scientists, engineers, students and field technicians
for obtaining high-quality atmosphere and cloud observations at Summit.
NR 26
TC 66
Z9 67
U1 5
U2 86
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 0028-0836
J9 NATURE
JI Nature
PD APR 4
PY 2013
VL 496
IS 7443
BP 83
EP 86
DI 10.1038/nature12002
PG 4
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 117ZZ
UT WOS:000316993400029
PM 23552947
ER
PT J
AU Foss-Feig, M
Hazzard, KRA
Bollinger, JJ
Rey, AM
AF Foss-Feig, Michael
Hazzard, Kaden R. A.
Bollinger, John J.
Rey, Ana Maria
TI Nonequilibrium dynamics of arbitrary-range Ising models with
decoherence: An exact analytic solution
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A
LA English
DT Article
ID ION QUANTUM SIMULATOR; TRAPPED IONS; ENTANGLEMENT; SPINS; EQUILIBRIUM;
PHYSICS; STATES
AB The interplay between interactions and decoherence in many-body systems is of fundamental importance in quantum physics. In a step toward understanding this interplay, we obtain an exact analytic solution for the nonequilibrium dynamics of Ising models with arbitrary couplings (and therefore in arbitrary dimension) and subject to local Markovian decoherence. Our solution shows that decoherence significantly degrades the nonclassical correlations developed during coherent Ising spin dynamics, which relax much faster than predicted by treating decoherence and interactions separately. We also show that the competition of decoherence and interactions induces a transition from oscillatory to overdamped dynamics that is absent at the single-particle or mean-field level. These calculations are applicable to ongoing quantum information and emulation efforts using a variety of atomic, molecular, optical, and solid-state systems. In particular, we apply our results to the NIST Penning trapped-ion experiment and show that the current experiment is capable of producing entanglement amongst hundreds of quantum spins. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevA.87.042101
C1 [Foss-Feig, Michael; Hazzard, Kaden R. A.; Rey, Ana Maria] Univ Colorado, NIST, Joint Inst Lab Astrophys, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Foss-Feig, Michael; Hazzard, Kaden R. A.; Rey, Ana Maria] Univ Colorado, Dept Phys, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Bollinger, John J.] NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Foss-Feig, M (reprint author), Univ Colorado, NIST, Joint Inst Lab Astrophys, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
FU NIST; NSF (PIF); NSF (PFC); AFOSR; ARO; DARPA-OLE; NRC
FX We gratefully acknowledge Joe Britton, Brian Sawyer, Salvatore Manmana,
Michael Kastner, Dominic Meiser, and Murray Holland for helpful
discussions. This work was supported by NIST, the NSF (PIF and PFC
grants), AFOSR and ARO individual investigator awards, and the ARO with
funding from the DARPA-OLE program. K. H. thanks the NRC for support.
This manuscript is the contribution of NIST and is not subject to US
copyright.
NR 37
TC 30
Z9 30
U1 0
U2 17
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1050-2947
J9 PHYS REV A
JI Phys. Rev. A
PD APR 3
PY 2013
VL 87
IS 4
AR 042101
DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.87.042101
PG 8
WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Optics; Physics
GA 119KY
UT WOS:000317097400002
ER
PT J
AU Safronova, MS
Majumder, PK
AF Safronova, M. S.
Majumder, P. K.
TI Thallium 7p lifetimes derived from experimental data and ab initio
calculations of scalar polarizabilities
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A
LA English
DT Article
ID ATOMIC THALLIUM; FLUORESCENCE; STATES
AB Two different theoretical methods have been used to complete a calculation of polarizability in the thallium 6p(1/2), 7s, and 7p(1/2) states. The predictions of the two methods agree to within 1% for the 6p(1/2) and 7s states and 2% for the 7p(1/2) state. We find that the theoretical expression for the 6p(1/2)-7s transition polarizability difference Delta alpha(0) is dominated (greater than 90% contribution) by mixing of the 7s state with the 7p(1/2) and 7p(3/2) states. By comparing the theoretical expression to an existing measurement of Delta alpha(0) [Doret et al., Phys. Rev. A 66, 052504 (2002)], highly accurate values for the thallium 7p excited-state lifetimes have been extracted. The scalar polarizability of the 7p(1/2) state is also computed, anticipating an experimental determination of this quantity, which will then enable a high-precision determination of the 6d(j)-7(pj') transition rates and provide a benchmark test of the two theoretical approaches in the near future. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevA.87.042502
C1 [Safronova, M. S.] Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
[Safronova, M. S.] NIST, Joint Quantum Inst, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Safronova, M. S.] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Majumder, P. K.] Williams Coll, Dept Phys, Williamstown, MA 01267 USA.
RP Safronova, MS (reprint author), Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
FU NSF [PHY-1068699, PHY-0140189, PHY-0969781]
FX We thank U. I. Safronova and S. G. Porsev for useful discussions. The
work of M. S. S. was supported in part by NSF Grant No. PHY-1068699. We
thank G. Ranjit and N. A. Schine for important experimental
contributions. The experimental polarizability work was supported by NSF
Grant No. PHY-0140189 and is currently supported by Grant No.
PHY-0969781.
NR 32
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 3
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1050-2947
J9 PHYS REV A
JI Phys. Rev. A
PD APR 3
PY 2013
VL 87
IS 4
AR 042502
DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.87.042502
PG 5
WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Optics; Physics
GA 119KY
UT WOS:000317097400005
ER
PT J
AU Kalafut-Pettibone, AJ
McGivern, WS
AF Kalafut-Pettibone, Alicia J.
McGivern, W. Sean
TI Analytical Methodology for Determination of Organic Aerosol Functional
Group Distributions
SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID TANDEM MASS-SPECTROMETRY; CARBOXYLIC-ACIDS; ATMOSPHERIC AEROSOLS;
CARBONYL-COMPOUNDS; SECONDARY AEROSOL; NOX; PHOTOOXIDATION; SAMPLES;
DERIVATIZATION; PM2.5
AB Secondary organic aerosol (SOA) particles result from the condensation of oxidized volatile organic compounds (VOC) and consist of a complex mixture that is not conducive to complete compositional analysis. We present a simple methodology for determining the quantities of aldehydes and ketones, alcohols, and carboxylic acids in such samples via derivatization and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with ultraviolet-visible absorption detection and tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS). Useful concentration ranges are presented with an examination of the specificity of these compounds in multiply substituted systems. Such data are valuable in modeling the formation of laboratory-generated aerosols and in identifying point sources of field-collected aerosol samples. Calibration curves on standard samples, MS/MS transitions, including collisionally induced dissociation (CID) products, and a quantitative examination of the specificity of the derivatization reagents toward multiple functional groups are presented for a series of aliphatic standard samples. These methods are then applied to filter extracts from SOA derived from 1-iodooctane photolysis at 254 nm to demonstrate the methodology on a complex system. Ultimately, this methodology enables the measurement of variations in the chemical nature of the oxygen within an SOA particle, providing a distribution of functional group concentrations.
C1 [Kalafut-Pettibone, Alicia J.; McGivern, W. Sean] NIST, Div Chem Sci, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP McGivern, WS (reprint author), NIST, Div Chem Sci, 100 Bur Dr,Stop 8320, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM sean.mcgivern@nist.gov
FU NIST Greenhouse Gas Measurements and Climate Research Program; National
Research Council/NIST Postdoctoral Research Associates Program
FX Support for this work was provided by the NIST Greenhouse Gas
Measurements and Climate Research Program. A.J.K.-P. acknowledges the
National Research Council/NIST Postdoctoral Research Associates Program
for financial support.
NR 51
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 5
U2 62
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0003-2700
J9 ANAL CHEM
JI Anal. Chem.
PD APR 2
PY 2013
VL 85
IS 7
BP 3553
EP 3560
DI 10.1021/ac3028728
PG 8
WC Chemistry, Analytical
SC Chemistry
GA 120MA
UT WOS:000317173200017
PM 23461576
ER
PT J
AU Claverie, F
Malherbe, J
Bier, N
Molloy, JL
Long, SE
AF Claverie, Fanny
Malherbe, Julien
Bier, Naomi
Molloy, John L.
Long, Stephen E.
TI Standard Addition Method for Laser Ablation ICPMS Using a Spinning
Platform
SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID PLASMA-MASS-SPECTROMETRY; ISOTOPE-DILUTION; TRACE-ELEMENTS; SAMPLES; MS;
GLASSES; CALIBRATION
AB A method has been developed for the fast and easy determination of Pb, Sr, Ba, Ni, Cu, and Zn, which are of geological and environmental interest, in solid samples by laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICPMS) using a spinning sample platform. The platform, containing a sample and a standard, is spun during the ablation, allowing the quasi-simultaneous ablation of both materials. The aerosols resulting from the ablation of sample and standard were mixed in the ablation cell allowing quantification of analytes by standard additions. The proportion of standard versus sample of the mixing can be increased by performing the ablation further from the axis of rotation. The ablated masses have been determined using a new strategy based on isotope dilution analysis. This spinning laser ablation method has been applied to the Allende meteorite and four powdered standard reference materials (SRMs) fused in lithium borate glasses: two sediments as well as a soil and a rock material. SRM 612 (Trace Elements in Glass) was also analyzed despite having a matrix slightly different from the glass standard obtained by lithium borate fusion. The deviation from the certified values was found to be less than 15% for most of the mass fractions for all the elements and samples studied, with an average precision of 10%. These results demonstrate the validity of the proposed method for the direct and fast analysis of solid samples of different matrixes by standard additions, using a single standard sample.
C1 [Claverie, Fanny; Malherbe, Julien; Bier, Naomi; Molloy, John L.; Long, Stephen E.] NIST, Div Analyt Chem, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Claverie, F (reprint author), NIST, Div Analyt Chem, 100 Bur Dr,Stop 8391, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM fanny_claverie@yahoo.fr
NR 26
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 4
U2 40
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0003-2700
J9 ANAL CHEM
JI Anal. Chem.
PD APR 2
PY 2013
VL 85
IS 7
BP 3584
EP 3591
DI 10.1021/ac303307u
PG 8
WC Chemistry, Analytical
SC Chemistry
GA 120MA
UT WOS:000317173200021
PM 23418996
ER
PT J
AU Wu, B
Liu, Y
Li, X
Mamontov, E
Kolesnikov, AI
Diallo, SO
Do, C
Porcar, L
Hong, KL
Smith, SC
Liu, L
Smith, GS
Egami, T
Chen, WR
AF Wu, Bin
Liu, Yun
Li, Xin
Mamontov, Eugene
Kolesnikov, Alexander I.
Diallo, Souleymane O.
Do, Changwoo
Porcar, Lionel
Hong, Kunlun
Smith, Sean C.
Liu, Li
Smith, Gregory S.
Egami, Takeshi
Chen, Wei-Ren
TI Charge-Dependent Dynamics of a Polyelectrolyte Dendrimer and Its
Correlation with Invasive Water
SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID ANGLE NEUTRON-SCATTERING; RESPONSIVE CONFORMATIONAL-CHANGES; FLEXIBLE
SPACER CHAINS; PAMAM DENDRIMERS; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; AQUEOUS-SOLUTIONS;
LIQUID WATER; ELECTROSTATIC INTERACTIONS; POLYAMIDOAMINE DENDRIMERS;
EXPLICIT COUNTERIONS
AB Atomistic molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were carried out to investigate the local dynamics of polyelectrolyte dendrimers dissolved in deuterium oxide (D2O) and its dependence on molecular charge. Enhanced segmental dynamics upon increase in molecular charge is observed, consistent with quasielastic neutron scattering (QENS) measurements. A strong coupling between the intradendrimer local hydration level and segmental dynamics is also revealed. Compelling evidence shows these findings originate from the electrostatic interaction between the hydrocarbon components of a dendrimer and the invasive water. This combined study provides fundamental insight into the dynamics of charged polyelectrolytes and the solvating water molecules.
C1 [Wu, Bin; Li, Xin; Do, Changwoo; Smith, Gregory S.; Chen, Wei-Ren] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Biol & Soft Matter Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Wu, Bin; Hong, Kunlun; Smith, Sean C.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Nanophase Mat Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Mamontov, Eugene; Kolesnikov, Alexander I.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Chem & Engn Mat Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Diallo, Souleymane O.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Quantum Condensed Matter Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Egami, Takeshi] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Joint Inst Neutron Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Wu, Bin; Liu, Li] Rensselaer Polytech Inst, Dept Mech Aerosp & Nucl Engn, Troy, NY 12180 USA.
[Liu, Yun] NIST, NIST Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Liu, Yun] Univ Delaware, Dept Chem Engn, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
[Porcar, Lionel] Inst Max Von Laue Paul Langevin, F-38042 Grenoble 9, France.
[Egami, Takeshi] Univ Tennessee, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
[Egami, Takeshi] Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
RP Liu, Y (reprint author), NIST, NIST Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM yunliu@nist.gov; chenw@ornl.gov
RI Liu, Yun/F-6516-2012; Kolesnikov, Alexander/I-9015-2012; Mamontov,
Eugene/Q-1003-2015; Diallo, Souleymane/B-3111-2016; Smith,
Gregory/D-1659-2016; Do, Changwoo/A-9670-2011; Smith, Sean/H-5003-2015;
Hong, Kunlun/E-9787-2015
OI Liu, Yun/0000-0002-0944-3153; Kolesnikov, Alexander/0000-0003-1940-4649;
Mamontov, Eugene/0000-0002-5684-2675; Diallo,
Souleymane/0000-0002-3369-8391; Smith, Gregory/0000-0001-5659-1805; Do,
Changwoo/0000-0001-8358-8417; Smith, Sean/0000-0002-5679-8205; Hong,
Kunlun/0000-0002-2852-5111
FU U.S. Department of Energy, Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Sciences and
Energy Division; Oak Ridge National Laboratory by the Scientific User
Facilities Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of
Energy; Scientific User Facilities Division, Office of Basic Energy
Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy; National Science Foundation
[DMR-0944772]
FX Research presented in this work is supported by the U.S. Department of
Energy, Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Sciences and Energy Division.
The computation was carried out at the ORNL Institutional Cluster, which
is sponsored at Oak Ridge National Laboratory by the Scientific User
Facilities Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of
Energy. The QENS experiment on the backscattering neutron spectrometer
(BASIS) at Oak Ridge National Laboratory's Spallation Neutron Source is
supported by the Scientific User Facilities Division, Office of Basic
Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy. The QENS experiment on the
disk chopper spectrometer (DCS) at NIST Center for Neutron Research
utilized facilities supported in part by the National Science Foundation
under Agreement No. DMR-0944772. We are also much indebted to Professors
Yang Zhang and Feng Ding and Doctor Christopher E. Bertrand for helpful
discussions.
NR 78
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 83
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0002-7863
J9 J AM CHEM SOC
JI J. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD APR 2
PY 2013
VL 135
IS 13
BP 5111
EP 5117
DI 10.1021/ja3125959
PG 7
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 121QM
UT WOS:000317259300041
PM 23480729
ER
PT J
AU Budvytyte, R
Mickevicius, M
Vanderah, DJ
Heinrich, F
Valincius, G
AF Budvytyte, Rima
Mickevicius, Mindaugas
Vanderah, David J.
Heinrich, Frank
Valincius, Gintaras
TI Modification of Tethered Bilayers by Phospholipid Exchange with Vesicles
SO LANGMUIR
LA English
DT Article
ID SUPPORTED LIPID-BILAYERS; MEMBRANE-FUSION; GOLD SURFACES; CHOLESTEROL;
CHANNELS; ENERGY
AB Phosphatidylcholine and cholesterol exchange between vesicles and planar tethered bilayer lipid membranes (tBLMs) was demonstrated from electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), fluorescence microscopy (FM), and neutron reflectometry (NR) data. Cholesterol is incorporated into the tBLMs, as determined by the functional reconstitution of the pore forming toxin alpha-hemolysin (EIS data), attaining cholesterol concentrations nearly equal to that in the donor vesicles. Using fluorescently labeled lipids and cholesterol, FM indicates that the vesicle-tBLM exchange is homogeneous for the lipids but not for cholesterol. NR data with perdeuterated lipids indicates lipid exchange asymmetry with two lipids exchanged in the outer leaflet for every lipid in the inner leaflet. NR and EIS data further show different exchange rates for cholesterol (t(1/2) < 60 min) and phosphatidylcholine (t(1/2) > 4 h). This work lays the foundation for the preparation of robust, lower defect, more biologically relevant tBLMs by essentially combining the two methods of tBLM formation-rapid solvent exchange and vesicle fusion.
C1 [Budvytyte, Rima; Mickevicius, Mindaugas; Valincius, Gintaras] Vilnius State Univ, Inst Biochem, LT-08662 Vilnius, Lithuania.
[Vanderah, David J.] NIST, Inst Biosci & Biotechnol Res, Rockville, MD 20850 USA.
[Heinrich, Frank] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Phys, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA.
[Heinrich, Frank] NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Valincius, G (reprint author), Vilnius State Univ, Inst Biochem, LT-08662 Vilnius, Lithuania.
EM gintaras.valincius@bchi.vu.lt
RI Heinrich, Frank/A-5339-2010; Budvytyte, Rima/F-5115-2014
OI Heinrich, Frank/0000-0002-8579-553X; Budvytyte, Rima/0000-0002-5063-5878
FU Research Council of Lithuania [MIP-096/2011]; NIST Center for Nanoscale
Science and Technology
FX The authors thank the British Science and Technology Facilities Council
for granting access to the pulsed neutron source facilities through the
usage of the European FP7 Transnational access program. Gintaras
Valincius and Mindaugas Mickevicius thanks Dr. M. Skoda (ISIS, U.K.) for
the extensive practical help and advice in carrying out the experiment
RB1120347 at ISIS. This work has been supported by the Research Council
of Lithuania (Contract MIP-096/2011) and was performed in part at the
NIST Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology.
NR 47
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 1
U2 65
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0743-7463
J9 LANGMUIR
JI Langmuir
PD APR 2
PY 2013
VL 29
IS 13
BP 4320
EP 4327
DI 10.1021/la304613a
PG 8
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science,
Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Materials Science
GA 120MB
UT WOS:000317173300019
PM 23445262
ER
PT J
AU Tiedeken, JA
Muha, N
Ramsdell, JS
AF Tiedeken, Jessica A.
Muha, Noah
Ramsdell, John S.
TI A Cupric Silver Histochemical Analysis of Domoic Acid Damage to
Olfactory Pathways Following Status Epilepticus in a Rat Model for
Chronic Recurrent Spontaneous Seizures and Aggressive Behavior
SO TOXICOLOGIC PATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE domoic acid; seizure; epilepsy; neurodegeneration; olfactory; rat; sea
lion
ID LIONS ZALOPHUS-CALIFORNIANUS; COMMISSURAL FIBER SYSTEMS; PIRIFORM
CORTEX; SEA LIONS; NEURONAL DEGENERATION; EFFERENT PROJECTIONS;
ENDOPIRIFORM NUCLEUS; GRANULE CELLS; BULB; EPILEPSY
AB The amnesic shellfish toxin, domoic acid, interferes with glutamatergic pathways leading to neuronal damage, most notably causing memory loss and seizures. In this study, the authors utilized a recently developed rat model for domoic acid-induced epilepsy, an emerging disease appearing in California sea lions weeks to months after poisoning, to identify structural damage that may lead to a permanent epileptic state. Sprague Dawley rats were kindled with several low hourly intraperitoneal doses of domoic acid until a state of status epilepticus (SE) appears. This kindling approach has previously been shown to induce a permanent state of epileptic disease in 96% animals within 6 months. Three animals were selected for neurohistology a week after the initial SE. An amino cupric silver staining method using neutral red counterstain was used on every eighth 40 mm coronal section from each brain to highlight neural degeneration from the olfactory bulb through the brain stem. The most extensive damage was found in the olfactory bulb and related olfactory pathways, including the anterior/medial olfactory cortices, endopiriform nucleus, and entorhinal cortex. These findings indicate that damage to olfactory pathways is prominent in a rat model for domoic acid-induced chronic recurrent spontaneous seizures and aggressive behavior.
C1 [Tiedeken, Jessica A.; Muha, Noah; Ramsdell, John S.] Natl Ocean Serv, Marine Biotoxins Program, Ctr Coastal Environm Hlth & Biomol Res, Charleston, SC USA.
RP Ramsdell, JS (reprint author), Ctr Coastal Environm Hlth & Biomol Res, 219 Ft Johnson Rd, Charleston, SC 29412 USA.
EM john.ramsdell@noaa.gov
NR 49
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 1
U2 2
PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC
PI THOUSAND OAKS
PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA
SN 0192-6233
EI 1533-1601
J9 TOXICOL PATHOL
JI Toxicol. Pathol.
PD APR
PY 2013
VL 41
IS 3
BP 454
EP 469
DI 10.1177/0192623312453521
PG 16
WC Pathology; Toxicology
SC Pathology; Toxicology
GA AB0EI
UT WOS:000331464200003
PM 22821366
ER
PT J
AU Liou, K
Wu, CC
Dryer, M
Wu, ST
Berdichevsky, DB
Plunkett, S
Mewaldt, RA
Mason, GM
AF Liou, Kan
Wu, Chin-Chun
Dryer, Murray
Wu, Shi-Tsan
Berdichevsky, Daniel B.
Plunkett, Simon
Mewaldt, Richard A.
Mason, Glenn M.
TI Magnetohydrodynamic Fast Shocks and Their Relation to Solar Energetic
Particle Event Intensities
SO TERRESTRIAL ATMOSPHERIC AND OCEANIC SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
DE Solar energetic particles; CME driven-shocks; MHD simulation; ACE
ID CORONAL MASS EJECTIONS; INTERPLANETARY SHOCKS; ISOTOPE SPECTROMETER;
SUN; ACCELERATION; IONS
AB Gradual solar energetic particles (SEPs) are associated with interplanetary (IP) shock driven by coronal mass ejections. Testing theories/models that are built around shock acceleration mechanisms is difficult due to the complexity of SEP fluxes acquired by single-point measurements. To circumvent this, we correlate fast-forward shock Mach numbers derived from a 1.5D magnetohydrodynamics simulation with the intensity of solar energetic oxygen (O) and helium-4 (He-4) particles acquired by instruments aboard the ACE spacecraft during a series of coronal mass ejections in 2003 (October 28 - 31). A good correlation at the 5% significance level is found for O and He-4 with energy (E) > 10 MeV n(-1), with the peak correlation coefficient r = 0.82 for O (E = 63.8 - 89.8 MeV n(-1)) and r = 0.77 for He-4 (E = 18.0 - 29.4 MeV n(-1)), respectively, for hourly averaged data. This result not only bolsters the causal relationship between IP fast shocks and SEPs, but also suggests that the Mach number of IP shocks is one of the major controlling parameters for the intensity of SEPs measured in the near-Earth space.
C1 [Liou, Kan; Mason, Glenn M.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Appl Phys Lab, Laurel, MD USA.
[Wu, Chin-Chun; Plunkett, Simon] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC USA.
[Dryer, Murray] NOAA, Space Weather Predict Ctr, Boulder, CO USA.
[Wu, Shi-Tsan] Univ Alabama, Ctr Space Plasma & Aeron Res, Huntsville, AL USA.
[Berdichevsky, Daniel B.] Univ Dist Columbia, Washington, DC USA.
[Mewaldt, Richard A.] CALTECH, Space Radit Lab, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
RP Liou, K (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Appl Phys Lab, Laurel, MD USA.
EM kan.liou@jhuapl.edu
RI Liou, Kan/C-2089-2016
OI Liou, Kan/0000-0001-5277-7688
FU NSF [AGS-0964396, ATM0754278]; ONR; AFOSR [FA9550-07-1-0468]; NASA
[NNX1OAT75G, NNX07AP69G, NNX8AI11G]; [NRL 6.1]
FX We would like to acknowledge E. Stone, who is the Principal Investigator
of the ACE/SIS instrument team. We acknowledge the use of flare data
from the NOAA Space Weather Prediction Center. The work of K. Liou was
supported by NSF AGS-0964396 Grant. The work of C. C. Wu was supported
by ONR. The work of S. Plunkett was supported by NRL 6.1 Program. The
work of S. T. Wu is supported by AFOSR Grant FA9550-07-1-0468 and NSF
Grant ATM0754278 to UAH. The work of G. M. Mason was supported by NASA
grants NNX1OAT75G and NNX07AP69G. The work at Caltech was sponsored by
NASA grant NNX8AI11G.
NR 26
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 0
PU CHINESE GEOSCIENCE UNION
PI TAIPEI
PA PO BOX 23-59, TAIPEI 10764, TAIWAN
SN 1017-0839
J9 TERR ATMOS OCEAN SCI
JI Terr. Atmos. Ocean. Sci.
PD APR
PY 2013
VL 24
IS 2
SI SI
BP 165
EP 173
DI 10.3319/TAO.2012.05.08.01(SEC)
PG 9
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences;
Oceanography
SC Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography
GA 292IC
UT WOS:000329894400002
ER
PT J
AU dos Santos, AF
Velho, HFD
Luz, EFP
Freitas, SR
Grell, G
Gan, MA
AF dos Santos, Ariane F.
de Campos Velho, Haroldo F.
Luz, Eduardo F. P.
Freitas, Saulo R.
Grell, Georg
Gan, Manoel A.
TI Firefly optimization to determine the precipitation field on South
America
SO INVERSE PROBLEMS IN SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article
DE cumulus representation; precipitation; BRAMS; firefly optimization;
inverse problems
ID CLOUD MICROPHYSICS PARAMETERIZATION; SCHEME; CONVECTION; TRANSPORT;
ALGORITHM; ENSEMBLE; MODEL
AB A model simulation of an intense rainfall associated with a case of South Atlantic Convergence Zone that occurred during 21-24 February 2004 using the Brazilian developments on the Regional Atmospheric Modelling System was performed. The convective parameterization scheme of Grell and Devenyi was used to represent clouds of the sub-grid scale and their interaction with the large-scale environment. This method is a convective parameterization that can make use of a large variety of approaches previously introduced in earlier formulations, considering an ensemble of several hypotheses and closures. The rainfall was evaluated by six experiments, using different choices of rainfall parameterizations, providing six different simulated responses for the rainfall field. The sixth experiment ran with an average among five closures (ensemble mean). The purpose of this study was to generate a set of weights to compute a best combination of the ensemble members. This inverse problem of parameter estimation is solved as an optimization problem. The objective function was computed with the quadratic difference between five simulated precipitation fields and observation. The precipitation field estimated by the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission satellite was used as observed data. Weights were obtained using the firefly optimization algorithm and it was included in the cumulus parameterization code to simulate precipitation. The results indicated the better skill of the model with the new methodology compared with the old ensemble mean calculation.
C1 [dos Santos, Ariane F.; Freitas, Saulo R.; Gan, Manoel A.] Inst Nacl Pesquisas Espaciais, Ctr Previsao Tempo & Estudos Climat, Cachoeira Paulista, SP, Brazil.
[de Campos Velho, Haroldo F.; Luz, Eduardo F. P.] Inst Nacl Pesquisas Espaciais, Lab Associado Comp & Matemat Aplicada, BR-12201 Sao Jose Dos Campos, SP, Brazil.
[Grell, Georg] US Dept Commerce, Global Syst Div, Earth Syst Res Lab, Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP dos Santos, AF (reprint author), Inst Nacl Pesquisas Espaciais, Ctr Previsao Tempo & Estudos Climat, Cachoeira Paulista, SP, Brazil.
EM ariane.frassoni@cptec.inpe.br
RI Freitas, Saulo/A-2279-2012; grell, georg/B-6234-2015;
OI Freitas, Saulo/0000-0002-9879-646X; grell, georg/0000-0001-5214-8742; F.
dos Santos, Ariane/0000-0002-7205-920X
FU Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo (FAPESP)
[2008/01983-0]; Brazilians Federal (CNPq); Brazilians Federal (CAPES);
State (FAPESP) agency
FX Ariane F. dos Santos was supported by Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do
Estado de Sao Paulo (FAPESP), process 2008/01983-0. Authors Ariane F.
dos Santos, Haroldo F. de Campos Velho, Saulo R. Freitas, Manoel A. Gan
thank the Brazilians Federal (CNPq and CAPES) and State (FAPESP)
agencies for supporting the study.
NR 53
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 3
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1741-5977
EI 1741-5985
J9 INVERSE PROBL SCI EN
JI Inverse Probl. Sci. Eng.
PD APR 1
PY 2013
VL 21
IS 3
SI SI
BP 451
EP 466
DI 10.1080/17415977.2012.712531
PG 16
WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary
Applications
SC Engineering; Mathematics
GA 263WE
UT WOS:000327837900007
ER
PT J
AU Conn, PB
Silber, GK
AF Conn, P. B.
Silber, G. K.
TI Vessel speed restrictions reduce risk of collision-related mortality for
North Atlantic right whales
SO ECOSPHERE
LA English
DT Article
DE Bayesian risk analysis; endangered whales; Eubalaena glacialis; right
whale; ship strike; speed restrictions; use-availability; whale-vessel
collisions
ID PROBABILITY; STRIKES; SHIPS
AB Collisions with vessels are a serious threat to a number of endangered large whale species, the North Atlantic right whale (Eubalaena glacialis) in particular. In late 2008, the U. S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration issued mandatory time-area vessel speed restrictions along the U. S. eastern seaboard in an effort to mediate collision-related mortality of right whales. All vessels 65 feet and greater in length are restricted to speeds of 10 knots or less during seasonally implemented regulatory periods. We modeled mortality risk of North Atlantic right whale when the vessel restrictions were and were not in effect, including (1) estimation of the probability of lethal injury given a ship strike as a function of vessel speed, (2) estimation of the effect of transit speed on the instantaneous rate of ship strikes, and (3) a consideration of total risk reduction. Logistic regression and Bayesian probit analyses indicated a significant positive relationship between ship speed and the probability of a lethal injury. We found that speeds of vessels that struck whales were consistently greater than typical vessel speeds for each vessel type and regulatory period studied; a use-availability model fit to these data provided strong evidence for a linear effect of transit speed on strike rates. Overall, we estimated that vessel speed restrictions reduced total ship strike mortality risk levels by 80-90% with levels that were closer to 90% in the latter two of the four active vessel speed restriction periods studied. To our knowledge, this is the most comprehensive assessment to date of the utility of vessel speed restrictions in reducing the threat of vessel collisions to large whales. Our findings indicate that vessel speed limits are a powerful tool for reducing anthropogenic mortality risk for North Atlantic right whales.
C1 [Conn, P. B.] NOAA, Natl Marine Mammal Lab, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
[Silber, G. K.] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Off Protected Resources, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
RP Conn, PB (reprint author), NOAA, Natl Marine Mammal Lab, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, 7600 Sand Point Way NE, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
EM paul.conn@noaa.gov
NR 48
TC 20
Z9 20
U1 3
U2 28
PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 2150-8925
J9 ECOSPHERE
JI Ecosphere
PD APR
PY 2013
VL 4
IS 4
AR UNSP 43
DI 10.1890/ES13-00004.1
PG 15
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 256KA
UT WOS:000327307800001
ER
PT J
AU Elfes, CT
Livingstone, SR
Lane, A
Lukosche, V
Sanders, KL
Courtney, AJ
Gatus, JL
Guinea, M
Lobo, AS
Milton, D
Rasmussen, AR
Read, M
White, MD
Sanciangco, J
Alcala, A
Heatwole, H
Karns, DR
Seminoff, JA
Voris, HK
Carpenter, KE
Murphy, JC
AF Elfes, Cristiane T.
Livingstone, Suzanne R.
Lane, Amanda
Lukosche, Vimoksalehi
Sanders, Kate L.
Courtney, Anthony J.
Gatus, Joey L.
Guinea, Michael
Lobo, Aaron S.
Milton, David
Rasmussen, Arne R.
Read, Mark
White, Mahree-Dee
Sanciangco, Jonnell
Alcala, Angel
Heatwole, Harold
Karns, Daryl R.
Seminoff, Jeffrey A.
Voris, Harold K.
Carpenter, Kent E.
Murphy, John C.
TI FASCINATING AND FORGOTTEN: THE CONSERVATION STATUS OF MARINE ELAPID
SNAKES
SO HERPETOLOGICAL CONSERVATION AND BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE biodiversity; coastal; endangered species; fishing bycatch;
Hydrophiinae; Hydrophiini; Laticaudini; Red List; sea kraits; sea snake
ID CORAL-REEF ECOSYSTEMS; IUCN RED LIST; SEA-SNAKES; MOLECULAR PHYLOGENY;
LATICAUDA-SEMIFASCIATA; PELAMIS-PLATURUS; PRAWN TRAWLERS;
CLIMATE-CHANGE; NEW-CALEDONIA; FILE SNAKE
AB An assessment of marine elapid snakes found 9% of marine elapids are threatened with extinction, and an additional 6% are Near Threatened. A large portion (34%) is Data Deficient. An analysis of distributions revealed the greatest species diversity is found in Southeast Asia and northern Australia. Three of the seven threatened species occur at Ashmore and Hibernia Reefs in the Timor Sea, while the remaining threatened taxa occur in the Philippines, Niue, and Solomon Islands. The majority of Data Deficient species are found in Southeast Asia. Threats to marine snakes include loss of coral reefs and coastal habitat, incidental bycatch in fisheries, as well as fisheries that target snakes for leather. The presence of two Critically Endangered and one Endangered species in the Timor Sea suggests the area is of particular conservation concern. More rigorous, long-term monitoring of populations is needed to evaluate the success of "conservation measures" for marine snake species, provide scientifically based guidance for determining harvest quotas, and to assess the populations of many Data Deficient species.
C1 [Elfes, Cristiane T.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Ecol Evolut & Marine Biol, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
[Elfes, Cristiane T.] IUCN Global Species Programme Conservat Int, Biodivers Assessment Unit, Arlington, VA 22202 USA.
[Livingstone, Suzanne R.] Univ Glasgow, Dept Ecol & Environm Biol, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Lanark, Scotland.
[Livingstone, Suzanne R.; Carpenter, Kent E.] Old Dominion Univ, IUCN Global Species Programme Global Marine Speci, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA.
[Lane, Amanda] Univ Sydney, Fac Vet Sci, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
[Lukosche, Vimoksalehi] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Irvine, CA 92697 USA.
[Sanders, Kate L.] Univ Adelaide, Sch Earth & Environm Sci, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia.
[Courtney, Anthony J.] Ecosci Precinct, Queensland Dept Employment Econ Dev & Innovat, Brisbane, Qld 4001, Australia.
[Gatus, Joey L.] Univ San Carlos, Dept Biol, Cebu 6000, Philippines.
[Guinea, Michael] Charles Darwin Univ, Sch Environm & Life Sci, Darwin, NT 0909, Australia.
[Lobo, Aaron S.] Nat Conservat Fdn, Mysore 570002, Karnataka, India.
[Milton, David] Ecosci Precinct, CSIRO Marine & Atmospher Res, Brisbane, Qld 4001, Australia.
[Rasmussen, Arne R.] Royal Danish Acad Fine Arts, Sch Architecture, DK-1263 Copenhagen, Denmark.
[Rasmussen, Arne R.] Royal Danish Acad Fine Arts, Sch Design, DK-1263 Copenhagen, Denmark.
[Rasmussen, Arne R.] Royal Danish Acad Fine Arts, Sch Conservat, DK-1263 Copenhagen, Denmark.
[Read, Mark] Great Barrier Reef Marine Pk Author, Townsville, Qld 4810, Australia.
[Sanciangco, Jonnell] Silliman Univ, Angelo King Ctr Res & Environm Management, Dumaguete 6200, Philippines.
[Alcala, Angel] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Biol, Raleigh, NC USA.
[Heatwole, Harold] Hanover Coll, Dept Biol, Hanover, IN 47243 USA.
[Karns, Daryl R.; Seminoff, Jeffrey A.] NOAA, Protected Resources Div, SW Fisheries Sci Ctr, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
[Voris, Harold K.; Murphy, John C.] Field Museum Nat Hist, Dept Zool, Chicago, IL 60605 USA.
RP Murphy, JC (reprint author), Field Museum Nat Hist, Dept Zool, 1400 South Lake Shore Dr, Chicago, IL 60605 USA.
EM fordonia1@comcast.net
RI Courtney, Anthony/C-7867-2009
FU New Hampshire Charitable Foundation; Thomas W. Haas Foundation;
Australian Commonwealth Fisheries Research and Development Corporation;
Department of Sustainability, Environment, Water, Population and
Communities; Queensland Department of the Environment and Resource
Management (DERM)
FX We thank Tom Haas and the New Hampshire Charitable Foundation and the
Thomas W. Haas Foundation for their generous support of the IUCN Red
List and the Global Marine Species Assessment. Roger McManus, IUCN
Species Survival Commission Special Marine Counsel, has provided
valuable advice and support for the Global Marine Species Assessment.
Additional funding was received from the Australian Commonwealth
Fisheries Research and Development Corporation (Crispian Ashby); the
Department of Sustainability, Environment, Water, Population and
Communities (Emma Fletcher, Narelle Montgomery, Lorraine Hitch, Donna
Kwan) and the Queensland Department of the Environment and Resource
Management (DERM). We also thank the following for their involvement in
the assessment: Dr. Colin Limpus (DERM) and the International Sea Turtle
Symposium Committee (ISTS); Jenny Chapman (DERM) and Chloe Schauble
(ISTS); Dr. Gordon Guymer (Brisbane Botanical Gardens); Kirstin Dobbs
(Great Barrier Reef Marine Parks Authority); Dave Pollard and Brad
Warren (OceanWatch Australia); Nigel Marsh, Michael Jensen and Jason Van
de Merwe. Special thanks go to Dr. Harold Cogger for his comments on the
manuscript.
NR 116
TC 22
Z9 24
U1 8
U2 29
PU HERPETOLOGICAL CONSERVATION & BIOLOGY
PI CORVALLIS
PA C/O R BRUCE BURY, USGS FOREST & RANGELAND, CORVALLIS, OR 00000 USA
SN 2151-0733
EI 1931-7603
J9 HERPETOL CONSERV BIO
JI Herpetol. Conserv. Biol.
PD APR
PY 2013
VL 8
IS 1
BP 37
EP 52
PG 16
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA 256ZJ
UT WOS:000327352400004
ER
PT J
AU Mathiesen, P
Brown, JM
Kleissl, J
AF Mathiesen, Patrick
Brown, John M.
Kleissl, Jan
TI Geostrophic Wind Dependent Probabilistic Irradiance Forecasts for
Coastal California
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SUSTAINABLE ENERGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Numerical weather prediction; probabilistic forecasting; solar energy
forecasting; uncertainty characterization
ID SOLAR-RADIATION; CLIMATE MODELS; PARAMETERIZATION; ENSEMBLE; FOG;
PRECIPITATION; PREDICTION; VALIDATION; CONVECTION; SCHEMES
AB Coastal California has enormous potential for rooftop solar photovoltaic (PV) energy production. To reduce grid-integration costs, accurate and certain solar energy forecasts are required. However, frequent marine layer fog and stratus conditions limit the accuracy of numerical weather prediction models, especially during the summer. Thus, irradiance uncertainty is large and probabilistic forecast intervals are generally wide.
To produce narrow and meaningful forecast intervals, the correlation of uncertainty to local meteorological conditions describing synoptic-scale atmospheric flow was considered. Specifically, the direction and magnitude of geostrophic flow were used as an indicator of coastal cloud cover probability to produce regime-dependent forecast intervals. The method was tested in summer 2011 for coastal California. The forecast interval was smaller than that provided by previous methods for all except clear conditions and contained 80% of irradiance measurements.
C1 [Mathiesen, Patrick; Kleissl, Jan] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
[Brown, John M.] Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Earth Sci Res Lab, Global Syst Div, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Mathiesen, P (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
EM pmathies@ucsd.edu; John.M.Brown@noaa.gov; jkleissl@ucsd.edu
RI Brown, John/D-3361-2015
FU California Energy Commission; Department of Mechanical and Aerospace
Engineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA [92093]
FX This work was supported by the California Energy Commission. P.
Mathiesen and J. Kleissl are with the Department of Mechanical and
Aerospace Engineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA
92093 USA (e-mail: pmathies@ucsd.edu; jkleissl@ucsd.edu).
NR 35
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 0
U2 9
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 1949-3029
J9 IEEE T SUSTAIN ENERG
JI IEEE Trans. Sustain. Energy
PD APR
PY 2013
VL 4
IS 2
BP 510
EP 518
DI 10.1109/TSTE.2012.2200704
PG 9
WC GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY; Energy & Fuels; Engineering,
Electrical & Electronic
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering
GA 231XH
UT WOS:000325451200026
ER
PT J
AU Lin, II
Goni, GJ
Knaff, JA
Forbes, C
Ali, MM
AF Lin, I. -I.
Goni, Gustavo J.
Knaff, John A.
Forbes, Cristina
Ali, M. M.
TI Ocean heat content for tropical cyclone intensity forecasting and its
impact on storm surge
SO NATURAL HAZARDS
LA English
DT Article
DE Storm surge; Tropical cyclone; Intensity forecast; Heat potential
ID PREDICTION SCHEME SHIPS; IN-SITU OBSERVATIONS; HURRICANE INTENSITY;
THERMAL STRUCTURE; SATELLITE-OBSERVATIONS; ATLANTIC; INTENSIFICATION;
VALIDATION; ALTIMETRY; TYPHOONS
AB Accurate tropical cyclone track and intensity forecasts are vital to storm surge prediction and risk management. However, current cyclone intensity forecast skill is deficient, especially for rapid, unexpected intensification events. These sudden intensification events could be catastrophic if they occur just prior to making landfall in heavily populated and storm surge-vulnerable regions of the world. New satellite altimetry observations have revealed that oceanic subsurface warm features such as eddies and currents could make a critical contribution to the sudden intensification of high-impact cyclones. These warm features are characterized by high ocean heat content or tropical cyclone heat potential (TCHP) and can effectively limit a cyclone's self-induced negative feedback from ocean cooling to favor intensification. This manuscript presents recent advancements in the understanding of the ocean's role in generating intense tropical cyclones, that can produce high storm surge events such as Hurricane Katrina (2005) and 'killer' Cyclone Nargis (2008), which produced high storm surge events. Regional characteristics and on-going cyclone intensity forecast and storm-surge modeling efforts are also described. Quantitative assessment based on the case of Hurricane Rita (2005) revealed that an encounter with a high TCHP region can lead to large difference in the subsequent surge and inundation. The results show that, after a high TCHP encounter, there is approximately a 30 % increase in surge and inundation along the coast and new areas become submerged deep inland, as compared to a tropical cyclone that does not encounter a high TCHP region along its storm track.
C1 [Lin, I. -I.] Natl Taiwan Univ, Dept Atmospher Sci, Taipei 10764, Taiwan.
[Goni, Gustavo J.] NOAA, Atlantic Oceanog & Meteorol Lab, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
[Knaff, John A.] Colorado State Univ, CIRA, RAMMB, NESDIS,STAR, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Forbes, Cristina] NOAA, Storm Surge Unit, NWS, NCEP,Natl Hurricane Ctr, Miami, FL USA.
[Ali, M. M.] Natl Remote Sensing Ctr, Atmosphere & Ocean Sci Grp, Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh, India.
RP Lin, II (reprint author), Natl Taiwan Univ, Dept Atmospher Sci, Taipei 10764, Taiwan.
EM iilin@as.ntu.edu.tw; Gustavo.Goni@noaa.gov; Knaff@cira.colostate.edu;
Cristina.Forbes@noaa.gov; mmali73@yahoo.com
RI Knaff, John /F-5599-2010; Lin, I-I/J-4695-2013; Goni,
Gustavo/D-2017-2012;
OI Knaff, John /0000-0003-0427-1409; Lin, I-I/0000-0002-8364-8106; Goni,
Gustavo/0000-0001-7093-3170; , Ali/0000-0002-3821-6099
FU National Science Council, Taiwan [NSC 98-2611-M-002-014-MY3W, NSC
100-2111-M-002-001]; National Taiwan University [10R70803]; National
Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration; National Ocean Partnership
Program
FX I. Lin thanks the support of the National Science Council, Taiwan
through NSC 98-2611-M-002-014-MY3W, NSC 100-2111-M-002-001 and National
Taiwan University through project number 10R70803. J. Knaff thanks the
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration and the National Ocean
Partnership Program for providing support. The views, opinions, and
findings contained in this manuscript are those of the authors and
should not be construed as an official National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration or US government position, policy, or decision. All the
authors thank their respective organizations/departments for the support
and encouragement.
NR 62
TC 20
Z9 21
U1 1
U2 20
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0921-030X
J9 NAT HAZARDS
JI Nat. Hazards
PD APR
PY 2013
VL 66
IS 3
BP 1481
EP 1500
DI 10.1007/s11069-012-0214-5
PG 20
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences;
Water Resources
SC Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources
GA 135UC
UT WOS:000318313000012
ER
PT J
AU Roberts, JR
McKinney, W
Kan, H
Krajnak, K
Frazer, DG
Thomas, TA
Waugh, S
Kenyon, A
MacCuspie, RI
Hackley, VA
Castranova, V
AF Roberts, Jenny R.
McKinney, Walter
Kan, Hong
Krajnak, Kristine
Frazer, David G.
Thomas, Treye A.
Waugh, Stacey
Kenyon, Allison
MacCuspie, Robert I.
Hackley, Vincent A.
Castranova, Vincent
TI Pulmonary and Cardiovascular Responses of Rats to Inhalation of Silver
Nanoparticles
SO JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH-PART A-CURRENT ISSUES
LA English
DT Article
ID PARTICULATE AIR-POLLUTION; SPRAGUE-DAWLEY RATS; LUNG-FUNCTION CHANGES;
COREXIT EC9500A; DISSOLUTION; EXPOSURE; TOXICITY; INFLAMMATION; MODEL;
INCREASES
AB Exposure to wet aerosols generated during use of spray products containing silver (Ag) has not been evaluated. The goal was to assess the potential for cardiopulmonary toxicity following an acute inhalation of wet silver colloid. Rats were exposed by inhalation to a low concentration (100 g/m(3) ) using an undiluted commercial antimicrobial product (20 mg/L total silver; approximately 33 nm mean aerodynamic diameter [MAD]) or to a higher concentration (1000 g/m(3)) using a suspension (200 mg/L total silver; approximately 39 nm MAD) synthesized to possess a similar size distribution of Ag nanoparticles for 5 h. Estimated lung burdens from deposition models were 0, 1.4, or 14 g Ag/rat after exposure to control aerosol, low, and high doses, respectively. At 1 and 7 d postexposure, the following parameters were monitored: pulmonary inflammation, lung cell toxicity, alveolar air/blood barrier damage, alveolar macrophage activity, blood cell differentials, responsiveness of tail artery to vasoconstrictor or vasodilatory agents, and heart rate and blood pressure in response to isoproterenol or norepinephrine, respectively. Changes in pulmonary or cardiovascular parameters were absent or nonsignificant at 1 or 7 d postexposure with the exceptions of increased blood monocytes 1 d after high-dose Ag exposure and decreased dilation of tail artery after stimulation, as well as elevated heart rate in response to isoproterenol 1 d after low-dose Ag exposure, possibly due to bioavailable ionic Ag in the commercial product. In summary, short-term inhalation of nano-Ag did not produce apparent marked acute toxicity in this animal model.
C1 [Roberts, Jenny R.; McKinney, Walter; Kan, Hong; Krajnak, Kristine; Frazer, David G.; Waugh, Stacey; Kenyon, Allison; Castranova, Vincent] NIOSH, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA.
[Thomas, Treye A.] US Consumer Prod Safety Commiss, Bethesda, MD USA.
[MacCuspie, Robert I.; Hackley, Vincent A.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Roberts, JR (reprint author), NIOSH, HELD, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, 1095 Willowdale Rd M-S 2015, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA.
EM jur6@cdc.gov
OI MacCuspie, Robert/0000-0002-6618-6499
FU U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission [CPSC-I-11-005]
FX This project was supported in part by an Interagency Agreement
(CPSC-I-11-005) from the U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission to the
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. The findings and
conclusions in this article are those of the authors and do not
necessarily represent the view of the National Institute for
Occupational Safety and Health or the U.S. Consumer Product Safety
Commission.
NR 42
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U1 1
U2 27
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 1528-7394
J9 J TOXICOL ENV HEAL A
JI J. Toxicol. Env. Health Part A
PD APR 1
PY 2013
VL 76
IS 11
BP 651
EP 668
DI 10.1080/15287394.2013.792024
PG 18
WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health;
Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational
Health; Toxicology
GA 199WL
UT WOS:000323026100002
PM 23941635
ER
PT J
AU Bianchi, D
Stock, C
Galbraith, ED
Sarmiento, JL
AF Bianchi, Daniele
Stock, Charles
Galbraith, Eric D.
Sarmiento, Jorge L.
TI Diel vertical migration: Ecological controls and impacts on the
biological pump in a one-dimensional ocean model
SO GLOBAL BIOGEOCHEMICAL CYCLES
LA English
DT Article
DE diel vertical migration; ecosystem model; ocean biogeochemistry;
zooplankton
ID SUB-ARCTIC PACIFIC; COMMUNITY STRUCTURE; EQUATORIAL PACIFIC; TWILIGHT
ZONE; MIGRANT ZOOPLANKTON; EXPORT PRODUCTION; SUBTROPICAL GYRE;
ORGANIC-CARBON; PARTICLE-FLUX; STATION ALOHA
AB Diel vertical migration (DVM) of zooplankton and micronekton is widespread in the ocean and forms a fundamental component of the biological pump, but is generally overlooked in global models of the Earth system. We develop a parameterization of DVM in the ocean and integrate it with a size-structured NPZD model. We assess the model's ability to recreate ecosystem and DVM patterns at three well-observed Pacific sites, ALOHA, K2, and EQPAC, and use it to estimate the impact of DVM on marine ecosystems and biogeochemical dynamics. Our model includes the following: (1) a representation of migration dynamics in response to food availability and light intensity; (2) a representation of the digestive and metabolic processes that decouple zooplankton feeding from excretion, egestion, and respiration; and (3) a light-dependent parameterization of visual predation on zooplankton. The model captures the first-order patterns in plankton biomass and productivity across the biomes, including the biomass of migrating organisms. We estimate that realistic migratory populations sustain active fluxes to the mesopelagic zone equivalent to between 15% and 40% of the particle export and contribute up to half of the total respiration within the layers affected by migration. The localized active transport has important consequences for the cycling of oxygen, nutrients, and carbon. We highlight the importance of decoupling zooplankton feeding and respiration and excretion with depth for capturing the impact of migration on the redistribution of carbon and nutrients in the upper ocean.
C1 [Bianchi, Daniele; Sarmiento, Jorge L.] Princeton Univ, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
[Stock, Charles] NOAA, Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, Princeton, NJ USA.
[Bianchi, Daniele; Galbraith, Eric D.] McGill Univ, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Montreal, PQ, Canada.
RP Bianchi, D (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, 300 Forrestal Rd,Sayre Hall, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
EM daniele.bianchi@mail.mcgill.ca
RI Galbraith, Eric/F-9469-2014;
OI Galbraith, Eric/0000-0003-4476-4232; Stock, Charles/0000-0001-9549-8013
FU Canadian Institute for Advanced Research; U.S. Department of Energy
[DE-FG02-07ER64467]; BP Carbon Mitigation Initiative project at
Princeton University
FX The authors would like to thank John Dunne for insightful comments on
this work. Daniele Bianchi and Eric Galbraith acknowledge funding from
the Canadian Institute for Advanced Research. Daniele Bianchi was
supported by the U.S. Department of Energy grant DE-FG02-07ER64467 while
at Princeton. Jorge Sarmiento was sponsored by BP Carbon Mitigation
Initiative project at Princeton University.
NR 62
TC 7
Z9 8
U1 1
U2 49
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0886-6236
J9 GLOBAL BIOGEOCHEM CY
JI Glob. Biogeochem. Cycle
PD APR
PY 2013
VL 27
IS 2
BP 478
EP 491
DI 10.1002/gbc.20031
PG 14
WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology &
Atmospheric Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric
Sciences
GA 188ZJ
UT WOS:000322236000017
ER
PT J
AU Ukraintsev, VA
Orji, NG
Vorburger, TV
Dixson, RG
Fu, J
Silver, RM
AF Ukraintsev, Vladimir A.
Orji, Ndubuisi G.
Vorburger, Theodore V.
Dixson, Ronald G.
Fu, Joseph
Silver, Rick M.
TI Distributed force probe bending model of critical dimension atomic force
microscopy bias
SO JOURNAL OF MICRO-NANOLITHOGRAPHY MEMS AND MOEMS
LA English
DT Article
DE critical dimension atomic force microscopy; reference metrology;
accuracy; measurement bias; probe bending; carbon nanotube
ID CARBON-NANOTUBE; SCANNING PROBE; CD METROLOGY; AFM
AB Critical dimension atomic force microscopy (CD-AFM) is a widely used reference metrology technique. To characterize modern semiconductor devices, small and flexible probes, often 15 to 20 nm in diameter, are used. Recent studies have reported uncontrolled and significant probe-to-probe bias variation during linewidth and sidewall angle measurements. To understand the source of these variations, tip-sample interactions between high aspect ratio features and small flexible probes, and their influence on measurement bias, should be carefully studied. Using theoretical and experimental procedures, one-dimensional (1-D) and two-dimensional (2-D) models of cylindrical probe bending relevant to carbon nanotube (CNT) AFM probes were developed and tested. An earlier 1-D bending model was refined, and a new 2-D distributed force (DF) model was developed. Contributions from several factors were considered, including: probe misalignment, CNT tip apex diameter variation, probe bending before snapping, and distributed van der Waals-London force. A method for extracting Hamaker probe-surface interaction energy from experimental probe-bending data was developed. Comparison of the new 2-D model with 1-D single point force (SPF) model revealed a difference of about 28% in probe bending. A simple linear relation between biases predicted by the 1-D SPF and 2-D DF models was found. The results suggest that probe bending can be on the order of several nanometers and can partially explain the observed CD-AFM probe-to-probe variation. New 2-D and three-dimensional CD-AFM data analysis software is needed to take full advantage of the new bias correction modeling capabilities. (C) 2013 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE)
C1 [Ukraintsev, Vladimir A.; Orji, Ndubuisi G.; Vorburger, Theodore V.; Dixson, Ronald G.; Fu, Joseph; Silver, Rick M.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Ukraintsev, Vladimir A.] Univ Maryland, Inst Res Elect & Appl Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Ukraintsev, Vladimir A.] Nanometrol Int Inc, Allen, TX USA.
RP Ukraintsev, VA (reprint author), NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM ukraintsev@nanometrology.net
FU NIST-ARRA program; Institute for Research in Electronics and Applied
Physics at the University of Maryland
FX The authors gratefully acknowledge support of this research by the
NIST-ARRA program and the Institute for Research in Electronics and
Applied Physics at the University of Maryland. We also thank Gordie
Shaw, Craig Shakarji, and John Villarrubia for valuable discussions and
comments.
NR 34
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U1 1
U2 7
PU SPIE-SOC PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98225 USA
SN 1932-5150
J9 J MICRO-NANOLITH MEM
JI J. Micro-Nanolithogr. MEMS MOEMS
PD APR-JUN
PY 2013
VL 12
IS 2
AR 023009
DI 10.1117/1.JMM.12.2.023009
PG 15
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology;
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Optics
SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science;
Optics
GA 186XC
UT WOS:000322078300018
ER
PT J
AU Rangwala, I
Sinsky, E
Miller, JR
AF Rangwala, Imtiaz
Sinsky, Eric
Miller, James R.
TI Amplified warming projections for high altitude regions of the northern
hemisphere mid-latitudes from CMIP5 models
SO ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE high elevation; mountain; Tibetan Plateau; Himalaya; Rocky Mountains;
temperature; surface; minimum; maximum; CMIP5; GCM; warming; amplified;
mid-latitude
ID HIGH-ELEVATION SITES; TIBETAN PLATEAU; CLIMATE-CHANGE; TROPICAL ANDES
AB We use output from global climate models available from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5) for three different greenhouse gas emission scenarios to investigate whether the projected warming in mountains by the end of the 21st century is significantly different from that in low elevation regions. To remove the effects of latitudinal variation in warming rates, we focus on seasonal changes in the mid-latitude band of the northern hemisphere between 27.5 degrees N and 40 degrees N, where the two major mountain systems are the Tibetan Plateau/Himalayas in Asia and the Rocky Mountains in the United States. Results from the multi-model ensemble indicate that warming rates in mountains will be enhanced relative to non-mountain regions at the same latitude, particularly during the cold season. The strongest correlations of enhanced warming with elevation are obtained for the daily minimum temperature during winter, with the largest increases found for the Tibetan Plateau/Himalayas. The model projections indicate that this occurs, in part, because of proportionally greater increases in downward longwave radiation at higher elevations in response to increases in water vapor. The mechanisms for enhanced increases in winter and spring maximum temperatures in the Rockies appear to be influenced more by increases in surface absorption of solar radiation owing to a reduced snow cover. Furthermore, the amplification of warming with elevation is greater for a higher greenhouse gas emission scenario.
C1 [Rangwala, Imtiaz; Sinsky, Eric; Miller, James R.] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Marine & Coastal Sci, New Brunswick, NJ 08903 USA.
[Rangwala, Imtiaz] R PSD NOAA ESRL, Western Water Assessment, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO USA.
RP Rangwala, I (reprint author), Rutgers State Univ, Dept Marine & Coastal Sci, 71 Dudley Rd, New Brunswick, NJ 08903 USA.
EM Imtiaz.Rangwala@noaa.gov
FU National Science Foundation [AGS-1064326, AGS-1064281]
FX We are very grateful to the anonymous reviewers for helping us in
substantially improving this paper. Thanks to C Naud (Columbia) for her
comments on the manuscript. This research is supported by the National
Science Foundation grants: AGS-1064326 and AGS-1064281. We wish to thank
KNMI for providing easy access to the CMIP5 data and G Oldenborgh for
assistance with the access. We also acknowledge different gateways on
the ESG server (particularly NCAR, PCMDI, and BADC) for access to CMIP5
data.
NR 26
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U1 4
U2 38
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 1748-9326
J9 ENVIRON RES LETT
JI Environ. Res. Lett.
PD APR-JUN
PY 2013
VL 8
IS 2
AR 024040
DI 10.1088/1748-9326/8/2/024040
PG 9
WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 178DU
UT WOS:000321425100044
ER
PT J
AU Trouet, V
Diaz, HF
Wahl, ER
Viau, AE
Graham, R
Graham, N
Cook, ER
AF Trouet, V.
Diaz, H. F.
Wahl, E. R.
Viau, A. E.
Graham, R.
Graham, N.
Cook, E. R.
TI A 1500-year reconstruction of annual mean temperature for temperate
North America on decadal-to-multidecadal time scales
SO ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE temperature; tree ring; pollen; North America; medieval climate anomaly;
Little Ice Age
ID WESTERN UNITED-STATES; LAST 2 MILLENNIA; PAST 2000 YEARS;
CLIMATE-CHANGE; TROPICAL PACIFIC; MEDIEVAL TIMES; HEMISPHERE
TEMPERATURES; SUMMER TEMPERATURE; PERSISTENT DROUGHT; POLLEN DATA
AB We present two reconstructions of annual average temperature over temperate North America: a tree-ring based reconstruction at decadal resolution (1200-1980 CE) and a pollen-based reconstruction at 30 year resolution that extends back to 480 CE. We maximized reconstruction length by using long but low-resolution pollen records and applied a three-tier calibration scheme for this purpose. The tree-ring-based reconstruction was calibrated against instrumental annual average temperatures on annual and decadal scale, it was then reduced to a lower resolution, and was used as a calibration target for the pollen-based reconstruction. Before the late-19th to the early-21st century, there are three prominent low-frequency periods in our extended reconstruction starting at 480 CE, notably the Dark Ages cool period (about 500-700 CE) and Little Ice Age (about 1200-1900 CE), and the warmer medieval climate anomaly (MCA; about 750-1100 CE). The 9th and the 11th century are the warmest centuries and they constitute the core of the MCA in our reconstruction, a period characterized by centennial-scale aridity in the North American West. These two warm peaks are slightly warmer than the baseline period (1904-1980), but nevertheless much cooler than temperate North American temperatures during the early-21st century.
C1 [Trouet, V.] Univ Arizona, LTRR, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
[Diaz, H. F.] NOAA CIRES PSD1, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Wahl, E. R.] NOAA NCDC Paleoclimatol, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Viau, A. E.] Univ Ottawa, LPC, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada.
[Graham, R.; Graham, N.] Hydrol Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92130 USA.
[Cook, E. R.] Lamont Doherty Earth Observ, Tree Ring Lab, Palisades, NY 10964 USA.
RP Trouet, V (reprint author), Univ Arizona, LTRR, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
EM trouet@ltrr.arizona.edu
FU US and Swiss National Science Foundations; US National Oceanographic and
Atmospheric Administration
FX This study was conducted in the framework of the Past Global Changes
(PAGES) Programme of the International Geosphere Biosphere Programme
(IGBP). Support for PAGES activities is provided by the US and Swiss
National Science Foundations and by the US National Oceanographic and
Atmospheric Administration.
NR 71
TC 13
Z9 15
U1 2
U2 48
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 1748-9326
J9 ENVIRON RES LETT
JI Environ. Res. Lett.
PD APR-JUN
PY 2013
VL 8
IS 2
AR 024008
DI 10.1088/1748-9326/8/2/024008
PG 10
WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 178DU
UT WOS:000321425100012
ER
PT J
AU Marvel, JA
AF Marvel, Jeremy A.
TI Performance Metrics of Speed and Separation Monitoring in Shared
Workspaces
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON AUTOMATION SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article
DE Robot safety; collision avoidance; speed and separation monitoring
ID HUMAN-ROBOT INTERACTION; SAFETY ASSESSMENT; PENETRATION; AVOIDANCE;
POLYGONS; OVERLAP
AB A set of metrics is proposed that evaluates speed and separation monitoring efficacy in industrial robot environments in terms of the quantification of safety and the effects on productivity. The collision potential is represented by separation metrics and sensor uncertainty based on perceived noise and bounding region radii. In the event of a bounding region collision between a robot and an obstacle during algorithm evaluation, the severity of the separation failure is reported as a percentage of volume penetration.
Note to Practitioners-This work draws upon the necessity of testing and evaluating industrial robotic safety systems. With a plethora of existing collision avoidance methods (and many more currently in the pipeline), there is a clear and present need for an assessment basis to gauge speed and separation efficacy. This paper presents a comparative set of metrics based on separation distance, sensor uncertainty, and robot velocity and mass. Tools are provided for system performance and failure assessment. Applying the metrics directly, intelligent robot systems can recognize unsafe operating conditions and respond accordingly. Postprocess analysis of logs and calculated values identifies the conditions and circumstances for which the safety of the system is at a minimum.
C1 NIST, Intelligent Syst Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Marvel, JA (reprint author), NIST, Intelligent Syst Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM jeremy.marvel@nist.gov
NR 36
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 2
U2 5
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 1545-5955
EI 1558-3783
J9 IEEE T AUTOM SCI ENG
JI IEEE Trans. Autom. Sci. Eng.
PD APR
PY 2013
VL 10
IS 2
BP 405
EP 414
DI 10.1109/TASE.2013.2237904
PG 10
WC Automation & Control Systems
SC Automation & Control Systems
GA 172IF
UT WOS:000320994500017
ER
PT J
AU Koehler, KE
Bennett, DA
Bond, EM
Croce, MP
Dry, DE
Horansky, RD
Kotsubo, V
Moody, WA
Rabin, MW
Schmidt, DR
Ullom, JN
Vale, LR
AF Koehler, K. E.
Bennett, D. A.
Bond, E. M.
Croce, M. P.
Dry, D. E.
Horansky, R. D.
Kotsubo, V.
Moody, W. A.
Rabin, M. W.
Schmidt, D. R.
Ullom, J. N.
Vale, L. R.
TI Q Spectroscopy With Superconducting Sensor Microcalorimeters
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Symposium on Radiation Measurements and Applications (SORMA)
CY MAY 14-17, 2012
CL Oakland, CA
SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers (IEEE), IEEE, Nucl & Plasma Sci Soc (NPSS)
DE Bolometers; cryogenics; radiation detectors; spectroscopy;
superconducting devices
ID DETECTORS; ALPHA; SPECTROMETRY; RESOLUTION
AB The total reaction energy (Q) of individual nuclear decays was measured using microcalorimeters with transition-edge-sensor (TES) thermometers. For alpha-decaying actinides (e.g., U-235, Pu-239, Np-237, Am-241), Q is in the 4-6 MeV range. Nearly all of this energy goes into the relatively light alpha particle, and approximately 100 keV is left over for the much heavier, recoiling daughter atom. Alpha-particle energy spectroscopy with TES-microcalorimeters has shown the ability to simultaneously resolve peaks that overlap in conventional alpha spectroscopy, with resolution now less than 1 keV full-width-at-half-maximum (FWHM) at 5.3 MeV. For total reaction energy spectroscopy, we use the same TES design as our alpha detectors, but embed a small radioactive sample (of about 1 Bq) directly inside an absorber designed to capture all the emitted particles (alpha, recoil nucleus, electrons, X-rays) with near 100% efficiency. We have measured Q-spectra of alpha-decaying isotopes with spectral resolution of 2-3 keV FWHM. For some actinide analytical problems, the Q-spectrum is simpler than the alpha-spectrum: fewer peaks, further apart, and easier to quantify. We will discuss sensor design, methods for embedding radionuclides, and spectral data.
C1 [Koehler, K. E.; Bond, E. M.; Croce, M. P.; Dry, D. E.; Moody, W. A.; Rabin, M. W.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
[Bennett, D. A.; Horansky, R. D.; Kotsubo, V.; Schmidt, D. R.; Ullom, J. N.; Vale, L. R.] NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Koehler, KE (reprint author), Western Michigan Univ, Dept Phys, Kalamazoo, MI 49008 USA.
EM katrina.e.koehler@wmich.edu
OI Koehler, Katrina/0000-0003-3258-8526; Bennett,
Douglas/0000-0003-3011-3690; Bond, Evelyn/0000-0001-7335-4086
NR 14
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 2
U2 12
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 0018-9499
J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI
JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci.
PD APR
PY 2013
VL 60
IS 2
BP 624
EP 629
DI 10.1109/TNS.2012.2225639
PN 1
PG 6
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology
GA 170MR
UT WOS:000320856500025
ER
PT J
AU Hoover, AS
Winkler, R
Rabin, MW
Vo, DT
Ullom, JN
Bennett, DA
Doriese, WB
Fowler, JW
Horansky, RD
Schmidt, DR
Vale, LR
Schaffer, K
AF Hoover, Andrew S.
Winkler, Ryan
Rabin, Michael W.
Vo, Duc T.
Ullom, Joel N.
Bennett, Douglas A.
Doriese, William B.
Fowler, Joseph W.
Horansky, Robert D.
Schmidt, Dan R.
Vale, Leila R.
Schaffer, Kathryn
TI Determination of Plutonium Isotopic Content by Microcalorimeter
Gamma-Ray Spectroscopy
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Symposium on Radiation Measurements and Applications (SORMA)
CY MAY 14-17, 2012
CL Oakland, CA
SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers (IEEE), IEEE, Nucl & Plasma Sci Soc (NPSS)
DE Gamma ray detection; spectroscopy; superconducting photodetectors
ID X-RAY; ENERGY-RESOLUTION; DETECTORS; SIMULATION; SYSTEM
AB Microcalorimeter detectors provide unprecedented energy resolution for gamma-ray spectroscopy. One application is measuring the isotopic composition of plutonium-bearing samples by non-destructive gamma-ray spectroscopy to support nuclear safeguards and nonproliferation efforts. When measured with conventional high-purity germanium (HPGe) detectors, data from these samples contain significant peak overlaps requiring spectral deconvolution for analysis. The improved energy resolution of the microcalorimeter detector reduces peak overlaps leading to improvement in the statistical error component of the total measurement uncertainty. In this paper, we describe analysis code that was developed for spectral peak fitting and isotopic content determination from microcalorimeter and HPGe data. We apply the code to data collected from several plutonium standards to quantify the improvement of the statistical error derived from the improved energy resolution.
C1 [Hoover, Andrew S.; Winkler, Ryan; Rabin, Michael W.; Vo, Duc T.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA.
[Ullom, Joel N.; Bennett, Douglas A.; Doriese, William B.; Fowler, Joseph W.; Horansky, Robert D.; Schmidt, Dan R.; Vale, Leila R.] NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Schaffer, Kathryn] Art Inst Chicago, Chicago, IL 60603 USA.
RP Hoover, AS (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA.
EM ahoover@lanl.gov; rwinkler@lanl.gov; rabin@lanl.gov; ducvo@lanl.gov;
ullom@boulder.nist.gov; douglas.bennett@nist.gov;
doriese@boulder.nist.gov; joe.fowler@nist.gov;
horansky@boulder.nist.gov; schmidtd@boulder.nist.gov;
leila.vale@nist.gov; kschaf2@artic.edu
OI Bennett, Douglas/0000-0003-3011-3690
NR 23
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 1
U2 13
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 0018-9499
J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI
JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci.
PD APR
PY 2013
VL 60
IS 2
BP 681
EP 688
DI 10.1109/TNS.2013.2249091
PN 1
PG 8
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology
GA 170MR
UT WOS:000320856500035
ER
PT J
AU Hawkes, JP
Saunders, R
Vashon, AD
Cooperman, MS
AF Hawkes, James P.
Saunders, Rory
Vashon, Adam D.
Cooperman, Michael S.
TI Assessing Efficacy of Non-Lethal Harassment of Double-Crested Cormorants
to Improve Atlantic Salmon Smolt Survival
SO NORTHEASTERN NATURALIST
LA English
DT Article
ID SALAR L.; ESTUARINE MIGRATION; FORAGING PATTERNS; RIVER; MAINE; WATER;
MANAGEMENT; POSTSMOLTS; PREDATION; BEHAVIOR
AB Salmo salar (Atlantic Salmon) smolts are exposed to predation pressure as they migrate from freshwater into the estuary and near-shore marine environment. In particular, Phalacrocorax auritus (Double-crested Cormorants) are a predator of Atlantic salmon smolts during their estuary and near-shore migration. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's (NOAA) National Marine Fisheries Services' (NMFS) telemetry data collected prior to this study (1997-2003), suggest that smolts are being removed from the Narraguagus River on their downstream out-migration. This removal may be the result of Cormorant predation. We investigated whether smolt survival could be improved by disrupting normal Cormorant foraging activity by integrating passive smolt tracking and active harassment techniques. Smolt movement and usage of various portions of the estuary according to light condition and tidal stage were explored along with concurrent avian harassment. Although harassment only occurred in approximately 33% of available daylight hours during this study, the impacts were easily recognized. Non-lethal harassment effectively displaced Cormorants from feeding locations and reduced loss of emigrating smolts. In 2004, 83.3% (15 of 18) of all smolt mortalities occurred on days of non-harassment, compared to only 16.7% (3 of 18) on days when harassment occurred. Similarly in 2005, 87.5% (7 of 8) of all smolt mortalities occurred on days of non-harassment, compared to only 12.5% (1 of 8) on days when harassment occurred. Non-lethal harassment appeared to be an effective means to reduce loss of emigrating smolts in the Narraguagus River estuary.
C1 [Hawkes, James P.; Saunders, Rory] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Maine Field Stn, Orono, ME 04473 USA.
[Vashon, Adam D.] Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv Wildlife Serv, USDA, Augusta, ME 04330 USA.
[Cooperman, Michael S.] Conservat Int, Arlington, VA 22202 USA.
RP Hawkes, JP (reprint author), NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Maine Field Stn, 17 Godfrey Dr, Orono, ME 04473 USA.
EM James.Hawkes@noaa.gov
NR 36
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 8
U2 38
PU HUMBOLDT FIELD RESEARCH INST
PI STEUBEN
PA PO BOX 9, STEUBEN, ME 04680-0009 USA
SN 1092-6194
EI 1938-5307
J9 NORTHEAST NAT
JI Northeast. Nat
PD APR
PY 2013
VL 20
IS 1
BP 1
EP 18
DI 10.1656/045.020.0101
PG 18
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 179ZY
UT WOS:000321563500001
ER
PT J
AU Perry, MC
Olsen, GH
Richards, RA
Osenton, PC
AF Perry, Matthew C.
Olsen, Glenn H.
Richards, R. Anne
Osenton, Peter C.
TI Predation on Dovekies by Goosefish over Deep Water in the Northwest
Atlantic Ocean
SO NORTHEASTERN NATURALIST
LA English
DT Article
ID LONG-TAILED DUCKS; LOPHIUS-AMERICANUS; CONTINENTAL-SHELF; NANTUCKET
SHOALS; ANGLERFISH; ECOLOGY
AB Fourteen Alle alle (Dovekie) were recovered from the stomachs of 14 Lophius americanus (Goosefish) caught during winter and spring 2007-2010. All fish were caught in gill nets set at depths of 85-151 m (276-491 ft) 104-150 km (65-94 mi) south of Chatham, MA. Dovekies showed few signs of digestion by the fish, indicating recent capture. Post mortem revealed no cause of mortality. Capture of birds by fish so far from shore and in deep water leads to speculation that the birds were preyed on by Goosefish at or near the surface. Evidence from electronic tagging of Goosefish suggests that Goosefish vertical migrations could bring them into contact with Dovekies feeding offshore. If Goosefish are concentrated during onshore-offshore migrations and Dovekies are concentrated for feeding on prey patches, predation by Goosefish on Dovekies could be episodically important.
C1 [Perry, Matthew C.; Olsen, Glenn H.; Osenton, Peter C.] USGS, Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Laurel, MD 20708 USA.
[Richards, R. Anne] NOAA, NMFS, NEFSC, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
RP Perry, MC (reprint author), USGS, Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, 12100 Beech Forest Rd, Laurel, MD 20708 USA.
EM mperry@usgs.gov
FU Massachusetts Audubon Society; Mineral Management Services
FX Staff of the Cooperative Research Program of the Cape Cod Commercial
Hook and Fishermen's Association (North Chatham, MA), especially E.
Brazer, Jr., P. Parker, M. Sanderson, and L. Slifka, were very helpful
in storing and mailing fish and birds for the project. Northeast
Fisheries Science Center staff that assisted included D. Palka and G.
Shield. Gillnetters who assisted by providing fish with birds included
R. Crowell, D. Fenny, M. Linnell, G. Nickerson, J. Our, K. Tolley, R.
Tolley, and D. Vlacich. Massachusetts Audubon Society provided travel
funds as part of a project financed by Mineral Management Services.
Assistance with Dovekie food habits analyses and post-mortem
examinations included C. Bermudez, C. Caldwell, M. Gutierrez, and C.
Kilchenstein. William Blount of Nantucket Island gave information about
the predatory nature of Goosefish. Technical advice and assistance were
provided by T. Allison, A. Berlin, L. Garrett, E. Holmes, L. Jordan, R.
Kennedy, S. Perkins, B. Truitt, R. Veit, J. Weske, T. White, and D.
Ziolkowski.
NR 29
TC 2
Z9 3
U1 3
U2 12
PU HUMBOLDT FIELD RESEARCH INST
PI STEUBEN
PA PO BOX 9, STEUBEN, ME 04680-0009 USA
SN 1092-6194
J9 NORTHEAST NAT
JI Northeast. Nat
PD APR
PY 2013
VL 20
IS 1
BP 148
EP 154
PG 7
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 179ZY
UT WOS:000321563500011
ER
PT J
AU Stoner, AW
Copeman, LA
Ottmar, ML
AF Stoner, Allan W.
Copeman, Louise A.
Ottmar, Michele L.
TI Molting, growth, and energetics of newly-settled blue king crab: Effects
of temperature and comparisons with red king crab
SO JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MARINE BIOLOGY AND ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Bioenergetics; Culture; Fatty acid; Growth; Lipid; Paralithodes
platypus; Temperature
ID PARALITHODES-PLATYPUS BRANDT; MOLECULAR-SPECIES COMPOSITION; FATTY-ACID
COMPOSITION; BERING-SEA; CLIMATE-CHANGE; LIPID-COMPOSITION;
EMBRYONIC-DEVELOPMENT; CALLINECTES-SAPIDUS; LITHODES-SANTOLLA; STOCK
ENHANCEMENT
AB Populations of blue king crab (BKC) (Paralithodes platypus Brandt, 1850) have declined in Alaskan waters over recent decades, and substantial effort is being made to rehabilitate the once important fishery with releases of hatchery-reared juveniles. However, little is known about the species' first year of post-settlement life. This study was conducted to evaluate how temperature mediates growth and energy allocation beginning with the first benthic instar (stage C1). Juvenile BKC were reared in four temperatures (1.5 to 12 degrees C) for a period of 60 days in low-density populations (150 crabs m(-2)) and 120 days in individual cultures. Growth rate increased rapidly up to 8 degrees C, and then leveled off. At 60 days, most of the crabs in 1.5 degrees C remained at stage C1, most in 4.5 degrees C were C2, and most in 8 degrees C were C3, while those in 12 degrees C were highly variable and ranged from C2 to C5. Growth records for individuals revealed an inverse exponential relationship between water temperature and intermolt period (up to 8 degrees C). A small decrease in molt increment at 12 degrees C resulted in crabs 6% smaller than those at 8 degrees C. Total lipid content increased with temperature in C2 BKC, but the response was variable and not significant in later stages. The proportion of storage class lipids (triacylglycerols) increased with an increase in temperature and polar lipids decreased. Concentrations of essential fatty acids were relatively constant over all temperature treatments, indicating that temperature and growth rate did not affect the biochemical condition of juvenile BKC. Survival rates of BKC (>95%) were similar across temperatures and were much higher than rates observed for red king crab (RKC) (Paralithodes camchaticus Tilesius 1815) (65-72%) in identical experiments. Growth rates of the two species were nearly identical up to 8 degrees C, but RKC grew faster than BKC at temperatures greater than 8 degrees C, with more molts resulting in larger individuals. Fatty acid (FA) signatures supported the lipid class data and showed that BKC had higher proportions of FA associated with energy storage while RKC had higher proportions of polyunsaturated FAs associated with membranes. These results indicate that BKC are the hardier species, and it shows little sign of cannibalism in culture (unlike RKC), but RKC grow faster at high temperature and are less vulnerable to warming climate. These data help to model temperature-dependent recruitment processes in the field and assist in the design of diets and hatchery conditions for production of seed stocks intended for field release. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Stoner, Allan W.; Ottmar, Michele L.] NOAA, Fisheries Behav Ecol Program, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Newport, OR 97365 USA.
[Copeman, Louise A.] Oregon State Univ, Hatfield Marine Sci Ctr, Cooperat Inst Marine Resources Studies, Newport, OR 97365 USA.
RP Stoner, AW (reprint author), NOAA, Fisheries Behav Ecol Program, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, 2030 S,Marine Sci Dr, Newport, OR 97365 USA.
EM allan.stoner@gmail.com
FU NOAA Aquaculture Program; Alaska Sea Grant College Program
FX This study was conducted as part of the AKCRRAB Program (Alaska King
Crab Research, Rehabilitation, and Biology) funded in part by the NOAA
Aquaculture Program and the Alaska Sea Grant College Program. Crabs were
provided by the Alutiiq Pride Shellfish Hatchery, Seward, AK, with
special thanks to B. Daly and J. Swingle who cultured the larvae for
this experiment. Assistance with apparatus and maintenance of the
cultures in Newport was provided by S. Haines, P. Iseri, and C. Danley.
A. Sremba assisted with the lipid and fatty acid analyses. Thanks also
to Drs. B. MacFarlane and S. Sogard for the long-term loan of the
Iatroscan TLC-FID system for lipid class analyses. B. Daly and T. Hurst
provided helpful reviews for the manuscript. [SS]
NR 73
TC 16
Z9 16
U1 3
U2 37
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0022-0981
EI 1879-1697
J9 J EXP MAR BIOL ECOL
JI J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol.
PD APR
PY 2013
VL 442
BP 10
EP 21
DI 10.1016/j.jembe.2013.02.002
PG 12
WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 164QW
UT WOS:000320425600002
ER
PT J
AU Frey, A
Dutton, PH
Balazs, GH
AF Frey, Amy
Dutton, Peter H.
Balazs, George H.
TI Insights on the demography of cryptic nesting by green turtles (Chelonia
mydas) in the main Hawaiian Islands from genetic relatedness analysis
SO JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MARINE BIOLOGY AND ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Chelonia mydas; Founder event; Kinship; Microsatellite; Relatedness; Sea
turtles
ID MULTILOCUS GENOTYPE DATA; NATURAL-POPULATIONS; PARENTAGE ANALYSIS;
SIBSHIP INFERENCE; MARINE TURTLES; CONSERVATION; RECOVERY;
RECONSTRUCTION; MARKERS; ERRORS
AB Within the Hawaiian archipelago, green turtle nesting has occurred almost exclusively in the northwestern Hawaiian Islands, mainly at French Frigate Shoals (FFS), however an increase in occasional nesting has recently been observed on the main Hawaiian Islands (MHI). Due to logistical constraints, monitoring the nesting activity on the MHI has been limited to nest documentation. Without systematic tagging of the nesting females it is not clear how many are nesting here. We used mitochondrial (mt) DNA sequencing combined with nuclear (n) DNA analysis based on 14 microsatellite markers to infer the number of individual nesters. Genotypes were determined for 181 dead embryos and hatchlings salvaged from 71 nests laid on Maui, Molokai, Kauai, Lanai, and Oahu, along with those of 81 nesting females that were sampled on FFS. MtDNA results showed that 58% of the MHI clutches were laid by females with a relatively rare haplotype only reported in 16% of the FFS nesting population. Nuclear DNA results showed that nesting in the MHI might be attributed to a relatively small number of females that appear to be related to each other. We were able to reconstruct genotypes for nesting females from hatchling profiles and we estimate that 15 different females were responsible for clutches laid on the MHI. Taken together, the mtDNA and nDNA results suggest that the nesting population at the MHI may be the result of a few founders that originated from the FFS breeding population, possibly facilitated by captive rearing and release of FFS juveniles locally from Oahu. We suggest that this regional range expansion may buffer against the loss of current nesting sites at FFS due to sea level rise. Our results demonstrate the potential for genetic tools to be incorporated into population assessment, particularly in areas where access to reproductive females is difficult and population size is unknown. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Frey, Amy; Dutton, Peter H.] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, SW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Protected Resources Div, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
[Balazs, George H.] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Pacific Isl Fisheries Sci Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
RP Frey, A (reprint author), NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, SW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Protected Resources Div, 8901 La Jolla Shores Dr, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
EM Amy.Frey@noaa.gov
FU NOAA-National Marine Fisheries Service
FX Thanks to the Molokai Turtle Trackers, Nature Conservancy community
volunteers who monitored nesting tracks and nests. Samples from the
Hawaiian Islands National Wildlife Refuge were overseen by the USFWS,
Department of the Interior. We'd like to thank Stacy Hargrove, Kelly
Stewart, Erin LaCasella, Amy Jue, Gabriela Serra-Valente, Amanda Bowman,
Michael Jensen, Suzanne Roden, Brad McDonald and Robin LeRoux for their
help at the lab and with the data. This study was funded by
NOAA-National Marine Fisheries Service. [RH]
NR 38
TC 4
Z9 5
U1 3
U2 45
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0022-0981
J9 J EXP MAR BIOL ECOL
JI J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol.
PD APR
PY 2013
VL 442
BP 80
EP 87
DI 10.1016/j.jembe.2013.01.030
PG 8
WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 164QW
UT WOS:000320425600010
ER
PT J
AU Hockersmith, EE
Brooks, G
Dumdei, ND
Achord, S
AF Hockersmith, Eric E.
Brooks, Gabriel
Dumdei, Nathan D.
Achord, Stephen
TI A Lightweight Battery for Backpack Electrofishing
SO NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
AB A lithium ion battery was modified to replace the conventional sealed lead acid battery used to operate a backpack electrofishing unit. Specifications and performance of the lithium ion battery were compared with those of a lead acid battery of similar capacity. The lithium ion battery was 76% lighter in weight than the lead acid battery, reducing the overall weight of a Smith-Root model 12 backpack electrofishing unit and battery by 55%. Including the cost of a charger and parts to make the battery compatible with an electroshocking unit, the lithium ion battery and charger cost was 26% less than that of the lead acid battery and charger. Bench tests indicated the lithium ion battery provided 91% and 98% of the operating time of the lead acid battery per charge when the settings were 300V at 90Hz and 500V at 90Hz, respectively. The fuel gauge (battery discharge indicator) on the lithium ion battery, which was absent in the lead acid battery, provided the ability for a user to assess the remaining charge level while in the field. The lithium ion battery provided similar performance with a significant reduction in weight and cost compared with a conventional lead acid battery for backpack electrofishing. The lighter weight of the backpack electrofishing unit using the lithium ion battery can reduce fatigue and the risk of fatigue-related injuries to field crews.
C1 [Hockersmith, Eric E.] US Army Corp Engineers, Northwestern Div, Walla Walla, WA 99362 USA.
[Brooks, Gabriel; Dumdei, Nathan D.; Achord, Stephen] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Fish Ecol Div, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
RP Hockersmith, EE (reprint author), US Army Corp Engineers, Northwestern Div, 201 North 3rd, Walla Walla, WA 99362 USA.
EM eric.e.hockersmith@usace.army.mil
FU U.S. Department of Energy, Bonneville Power Administration (BPA),
Portland, Oregon [004981]
FX This work was funded in part by the U.S. Department of Energy,
Bonneville Power Administration (BPA), Portland, Oregon (contract
004981). We thank the following for their assistance in conducting this
study: Deborah Docherty from BPA, and Gordon Axel, Shane Collier, John
Ferguson, Bruce Jonasson, Jesse Lamb, Kenneth McIntyre, Jeff Moser,
Richard Nelson, Matthew Nesbit, Neil Paasch, Sam Rambo, and Louis Tullos
from the National Marine Fisheries Service. Reference to trade names
does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 8
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 3
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0275-5947
J9 N AM J FISH MANAGE
JI North Am. J. Fish Manage.
PD APR 1
PY 2013
VL 33
IS 2
BP 265
EP 268
DI 10.1080/02755947.2013.765526
PG 4
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 167PD
UT WOS:000320643000004
ER
PT J
AU TenBrink, TT
Spencer, PD
AF TenBrink, Todd T.
Spencer, Paul D.
TI Reproductive Biology of Pacific Ocean Perch and Northern Rockfish in the
Aleutian Islands
SO NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
ID DARKBLOTCHED ROCKFISH; SEBASTES-ALUTUS; CENTRAL GULF; FISHES; ALASKA;
MANAGEMENT; AGE; EXPLOITATION; PATTERNS; MATURITY
AB Estimates of maturity (i.e., the proportion of mature individuals at age) play an important role in assessing stock productivity; however, this information has not been published for rockfishes in the Aleutian Islands. Ovary and otolith samples were collected from Pacific Ocean Perch Sebastes alutus and Northern Rockfish S. polyspinis during both fishery-independent and fishery-dependent cruises in 2010 to investigate maturity and other aspects of reproductive biology. Histological examination of ovaries indicated that both species exhibited general parturition in April, while specimens caught in the summer and fall were maturing and generally exhibited progressive stages of vitellogenesis. Histological analysis was more reliable when characterizing ovary condition than were macroscopic or visual assessments during the developing period. Estimates of natural mortality, based on a relationship with the gonadosomatic index, were 0.040 for Pacific Ocean Perch and 0.042 for Northern Rockfish. Mean fecundity estimates calculated for Northern Rockfish (89,320 oocytes) were correlated more with length and weight than age. Estimates of age and length at 50% maturity were 9.1years at 32.4cm for Pacific Ocean Perch and 7.6years at 27.7cm for Northern Rockfish and indicate maturation at younger ages than do previous studies from the Gulf of Alaska. This information on reproductive biology will improve estimation of fishing mortality reference points and management of these commercially important species in the Aleutian Islands.
C1 [TenBrink, Todd T.; Spencer, Paul D.] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Resource Ecol & Fisheries Management Div, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
RP TenBrink, TT (reprint author), NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Resource Ecol & Fisheries Management Div, 7600 Sand Point Way NE, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
EM todd.tenbrink@noaa.gov
FU North Pacific Research Board (NPRB) [907]
FX We thank Phil Gunsolus of U.S. Seafoods (FV Seafreeze Alaska) and Todd
Loomis, Phil Dang, and Tim Meintz of Cascade Fishing Company (FV
Seafisher). We also thank the captains and crew of these vessels for
their cooperation and assistance in the field. Ivonne Ortiz and Chris
Gburski assisted with sample collection during the 2010 Aleutian Islands
research survey. Christina Conrath, Cara Rodgveller, and three anonymous
reviewers provided comments that improved this manuscript. Histology
Consultation Services, Inc. (Everson, Washington) provided services for
final histological processing of our samples. The findings and
conclusions in the paper are those of the author(s) and do not
necessarily represent the views of the National Marine Fisheries
Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. This study was
primarily funded by the North Pacific Research Board (NPRB project 907).
NR 41
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 17
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0275-5947
J9 N AM J FISH MANAGE
JI North Am. J. Fish Manage.
PD APR 1
PY 2013
VL 33
IS 2
BP 373
EP 383
DI 10.1080/02755947.2012.760505
PG 11
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 167PD
UT WOS:000320643000016
ER
PT J
AU Maselko, J
Bishop, G
Murphy, P
AF Maselko, Jacek
Bishop, Gretchen
Murphy, Peter
TI Ghost Fishing in the Southeast Alaska Commercial Dungeness Crab Fishery
SO NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
ID CANCER-MAGISTER; TRAP; ESTUARY; POTS
AB Entrapment of crabs by derelict crab pots (also known as ghost fishing) can be a significant consequence of commercial fishing. The prevalence of lost commercial pots and ghost-fishing entrapments was estimated for the commercial Dungeness crab Cancer magister fishery in southeastern Alaska during the 2009 and 2010 summer closures of the commercial season (16 August through 30 September). Teams of divers retrieved a random subsample of the derelict crab pots located using side-scan sonar. Altogether, we retrieved 123 derelict crab pots containing 215 entrapped Dungeness crabs. The densities of derelict crab pots varied from 1.5 to 10.1/km(2), while the densities of entrapped Dungeness crabs ranged from 0 to 54.5/km(2), depending on the area surveyed. Derelict crab pots were discovered to effectively ghost-fish for at least 7years, indicating that there are long-term cumulative impacts on Dungeness crab populations. The number of derelict crab pots and entrapped Dungeness crabs at each of the surveyed areas was highly correlated with the number of fishermen, the number of pot lifts, and annual harvest in numbers, allowing for extrapolation to a regionwide estimate of crab entrapment and derelict crab pot abundance. Overall, our findings show instantaneous entrapment of less than 1% of the commercial crab harvest with a cumulative annual loss of less than 3% of the regional commercial crab harvest. We challenge the efficacy of the biodegradable escape mechanism currently employed in commercial Dungeness crab pots in southeastern Alaska and present alternatives which may require further in situ or laboratory verification of their effectiveness.
C1 [Maselko, Jacek] Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Auke Bay Labs, Juneau, AK 99801 USA.
[Bishop, Gretchen] Alaska Dept Fish & Game, Div Commercial Fisheries, Juneau, AK 99811 USA.
[Murphy, Peter] NOAA, Marine Debris Program, Off Response & Restorat, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
RP Maselko, J (reprint author), Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Auke Bay Labs, 17109 Point Lena Loop Rd, Juneau, AK 99801 USA.
EM jacek.maselko@noaa.gov
FU NOAA Marine Debris Division
FX This study was funded by the NOAA Marine Debris Division. Special thanks
to Eric Brown, Andrew Eller, and Haley Poole for help with field work
and data processing and to the divers: Manuel Cruz, Peter Fischel, David
Francksen, Bill Heard, Justin Keese, Pat Malecha, Jennifer Mondragon,
Matthew Nardi, Kalei Shotwell, Elizabeth Siddon, Bob Stone, Ryan Wattam,
Brad Weinlaeder, and Alex Wertheimer. We also thank the reviewers for
their invaluable contribution. Reference to trade names does not imply
endorsement by the U.S. Government. The findings and conclusions in this
report are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily represent the
views of the funding agency.
NR 29
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Z9 6
U1 1
U2 14
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0275-5947
J9 N AM J FISH MANAGE
JI North Am. J. Fish Manage.
PD APR 1
PY 2013
VL 33
IS 2
BP 422
EP 431
DI 10.1080/02755947.2013.763875
PG 10
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 167PD
UT WOS:000320643000020
ER
PT J
AU Charnotskii, M
AF Charnotskii, Mikhail
TI Energy conservation: a third constraint on the turbulent point spread
function
SO OPTICAL ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article
DE turbulence; imaging; scintillation; point spread function; isoplanatism;
phase screen; energy conservation
ID WAVE-PROPAGATION; MEDIA
AB Energy conservation is an essential feature of optical waves propagating through refractive turbulence. It has been known for almost a quarter of a century that energy conservation has an important implication for the fluctuations in the images of the incoherent objects observed through turbulence, namely the image of the uniformly radiating area of an object does not scintillate. As a consequence, the low-contrast parts of an image exhibit weak fluctuation even for very strong turbulence, but scintillations near the sharp edges can be strong even for weak turbulence. The energy conservation property of the turbulent point spread function is essential for modeling turbulent image distortions, both for the development of the image processing techniques and for simulations of turbulent imaging. However, it is regularly overlooked in discussions of turbulent imaging theory and modeling in the current literature. We discuss the relations between energy conservation and anisoplanatism for the most common turbulence imaging models. Our analysis reveals that the only isoplanatic turbulent point spread function (PSF) that is compliant with energy conservation is the thin aperture plane phase screen. This implies that for near-the-ground imaging, and even for astronomical-type imaging under strong turbulence conditions, the turbulent PSF has to be modeled as a random function of four arguments with three functional constraints: non-negative values, finite bandwidth, and energy conservation. (C) 2013 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE)
C1 [Charnotskii, Mikhail] Zel Technol LLC, Boulder, CO USA.
[Charnotskii, Mikhail] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO USA.
RP Charnotskii, M (reprint author), Zel Technol LLC, 325 Broadway R-PSD 99, Boulder, CO USA.
EM Mikhail.charnotskii@noaa.gov
RI Charnotskii, Mikhail/A-7193-2013
OI Charnotskii, Mikhail/0000-0002-8315-8254
NR 13
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 2
PU SPIE-SOC PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98225 USA
SN 0091-3286
J9 OPT ENG
JI Opt. Eng.
PD APR
PY 2013
VL 52
IS 4
AR 046001
DI 10.1117/1.OE.52.4.046001
PG 7
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA 151DB
UT WOS:000319439700048
ER
PT J
AU Vollebregt, S
Chiaramonti, AN
van der Cingel, J
Beenakker, K
Ishihara, R
AF Vollebregt, Sten
Chiaramonti, Ann N.
van der Cingel, Johan
Beenakker, Kees
Ishihara, Ryoichi
TI Towards the Integration of Carbon Nanotubes as Vias in Monolithic
Three-Dimensional Integrated Circuits
SO JAPANESE JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID INTERCONNECTS
AB Carbon nanotubes (CNT) can be an attractive candidate for vertical interconnects (vias) in three-dimensional integrated circuits due to their excellent thermal and electrical properties. To investigate the electrical resistivity of CNT, test vias were fabricated using both a top-down and bottom-up approach. The measured resistivity for the top-down process of 10m Omega cm is among the better values found in literature. Beside this, the ability to grow CNT directly on single-grain thin-film transistors (SG-TFT) was demonstrated. The electrical performance of the SG-TFT was found not to be influenced by the CNT growth. (C) 2013 The Japan Society of Applied Physics
C1 [Vollebregt, Sten; van der Cingel, Johan; Beenakker, Kees; Ishihara, Ryoichi] Delft Univ Technol, Delft Inst Microsyst & Nanoelect, NL-2628 CT Delft, Netherlands.
[Chiaramonti, Ann N.] NIST, Mat Reliabil Div, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Vollebregt, S (reprint author), Delft Univ Technol, Delft Inst Microsyst & Nanoelect, NL-2628 CT Delft, Netherlands.
EM s.vollebregt@tudelft.nl
RI Chiaramonti, Ann/E-7459-2013; Vollebregt, Sten/P-3073-2014
OI Chiaramonti, Ann/0000-0001-9933-3267; Vollebregt,
Sten/0000-0001-6012-6180
FU Public Authority in France; Public Authority in Germany; Public
Authority in Hungary; Public Authority in The Netherlands; Public
Authority in Norway; Public Authority in Sweden; ENIAC
FX The authors would like to thank the Dimes Technology Staff for
processing support, and T. M. Michielsen, F. J. H. van der Kruis, and O.
J. A. Buijk at Philips Innovation Services MiPlaza for performing the
CMP. A part of the work has been performed in the project JEMSiP_3D,
which is funded by the Public Authorities in France, Germany, Hungary,
The Netherlands, Norway and Sweden, as well as by the ENIAC Joint
Undertaking. Partial contribution of NIST, an agency of the US
government; not subject to copyright in the United States.
NR 18
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 3
U2 19
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0021-4922
EI 1347-4065
J9 JPN J APPL PHYS
JI Jpn. J. Appl. Phys.
PD APR
PY 2013
VL 52
IS 4
SI SI
AR UNSP 04CB02
DI 10.7567/JJAP.52.04CB02
PN 2
PG 5
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 158VS
UT WOS:000320002400010
ER
PT J
AU Schmidtko, S
Johnson, GC
Lyman, JM
AF Schmidtko, Sunke
Johnson, Gregory C.
Lyman, John M.
TI MIMOC: A global monthly isopycnal upper-ocean climatology with mixed
layers
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS
LA English
DT Article
DE climatology; global; temperature; salinity; mapping; objective mapping
ID PROFILING FLOATS; WATER MASSES; MODE WATER; PACIFIC; ARGO; ATLANTIC;
PROGRAM; STATE; FLOW; ICE
AB A monthly, isopycnal/mixed-layer ocean climatology (MIMOC), global from 0 to 1950dbar, is compared with other monthly ocean climatologies. All available quality-controlled profiles of temperature (T) and salinity (S) versus pressure (P) collected by conductivity-temperature-depth (CTD) instruments from the Argo Program, Ice-Tethered Profilers, and archived in the World Ocean Database are used. MIMOC provides maps of mixed layer properties (conservative temperature, , absolute salinity, SA, and maximum P) as well as maps of interior ocean properties (, SA, and P) to 1950dbar on isopycnal surfaces. A third product merges the two onto a pressure grid spanning the upper 1950dbar, adding more familiar potential temperature () and practical salinity (S) maps. All maps are at monthly 0.5 degrees x0.5 degrees resolution, spanning from 80 degrees S to 90 degrees N. Objective mapping routines used and described here incorporate an isobath-following component using a Fast Marching algorithm, as well as front-sharpening components in both the mixed layer and on interior isopycnals. Recent data are emphasized in the mapping. The goal is to compute a climatology that looks as much as possible like synoptic surveys sampled circa 2007-2011 during all phases of the seasonal cycle, minimizing transient eddy and wave signatures. MIMOC preserves a surface mixed layer, minimizes both diapycnal and isopycnal smoothing of -S, as well as preserves density structure in the vertical (pycnoclines and pycnostads) and the horizontal (fronts and their associated currents). It is statically stable and resolves water mass features, fronts, and currents with a high level of detail and fidelity.
C1 [Schmidtko, Sunke; Johnson, Gregory C.; Lyman, John M.] NOAA, Pacific Marine Environm Lab, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
[Schmidtko, Sunke] Univ E Anglia, Sch Environm Sci, Norwich NR4 7TJ, Norfolk, England.
[Lyman, John M.] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Joint Inst Marine & Atmospher Res, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
RP Schmidtko, S (reprint author), Univ E Anglia, Sch Environm Sci, Norwich NR4 7TJ, Norfolk, England.
EM s.schmidtko@uea.ac.uk
RI Schmidtko, Sunke/F-3355-2011; Johnson, Gregory/I-6559-2012
OI Schmidtko, Sunke/0000-0003-3272-7055; Johnson,
Gregory/0000-0002-8023-4020
FU Research and Specialist Computing Support service at the University of
East Anglia; NOAA Climate Program Office; NOAA Research
FX We thank all those who participated in the collection, calibration, and
assembly of the shipboard
(http://www.nodc.noaa.gov/OC5/WOD09/pr_wod09.html), Argo, and ITP CTD
data used here. The Ice-Tethered Profiler data were collected and made
available by the Ice-Tethered Profiler Program based at the Woods Hole
Oceanographic Institution (http://www.whoi.edu/itp). Argo float profile
data were collected and made freely available by the International Argo
Project and the national programs that contribute to it
(http://www.argo.ucsd.edu). We thank Ruth Curry and four anonymous
reviewers for their helpful comments on drafts of the manuscript. The
research presented in this paper was carried out on the High Performance
Computing Cluster supported by the Research and Specialist Computing
Support service at the University of East Anglia. The NOAA Climate
Program Office and NOAA Research supported this work. PMEL contribution
3805. Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory contribution 3805.
NR 47
TC 55
Z9 55
U1 1
U2 38
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9275
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans
PD APR
PY 2013
VL 118
IS 4
BP 1658
EP 1672
DI 10.1002/jgrc.20122
PG 15
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA 163GN
UT WOS:000320324100003
ER
PT J
AU Janout, MA
Weingartner, TJ
Stabeno, PJ
AF Janout, Markus A.
Weingartner, Thomas J.
Stabeno, Phyllis J.
TI Air-sea and oceanic heat flux contributions to the heat budget of the
northern Gulf of Alaska shelf
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS
LA English
DT Article
DE Gulf of Alaska; Seward Line; Alaska Coastal Current; ocean heat flux
convergence; heat budget
ID OSCILLATING CONTROL HYPOTHESIS; PRINCE-WILLIAM SOUND; BERING-SEA;
COASTAL CURRENT; INTERANNUAL VARIABILITY; BULK PARAMETERIZATION;
CALIFORNIA CURRENT; SHELIKOF STRAIT; COOK INLET; TRANSPORT
AB We constructed annual cycles of National Centers for Environmental Prediction air-sea fluxes and temporal oceanic heat content change from Seward Line hydrographic surveys to quantify the different contributions to the oceanic heat budget within the Alaska Coastal Current (ACC) on the northern Gulf of Alaska shelf. The deficit between air-sea fluxes and the temporal change in oceanic heat content throughout the cooling season (October-April) varies from similar to 40 to 110Wm-2 and is balanced by ocean heat flux convergence. Cross-shelf heat flux convergence is insignificant on annual average, and the nearshore heat budget is likely entirely balanced by the ACC, which resupplies similar to 15%-50% of the heat removed by air-sea fluxes during the cooling season. Furthermore, we estimated spatial heat flux gradients and conclude that air-sea fluxes increase from east to west and from offshore to onshore. The cross-shore gradients are governed by wind speed gradients, likely due to ageostrophic nearshore wind events during the cooling season, while the along-shelf heat flux gradients are governed by the occurrence of low-pressure systems in the northern GOA that result in cold northerly winds over the northwestern GOA. These results underline the ACC's role as the dominant oceanic heat source to the northern GOA shelf and further imply an increased cooling rate of the ACC west of the Seward Line. Furthermore, our analysis showed that nearshore regions, particularly waters in the ACC, are subjected to stronger winter cooling than the middle and outer shelves.
C1 [Janout, Markus A.] Alfred Wegener Inst Polar & Marine Res, D-27570 Bremerhaven, Germany.
[Janout, Markus A.; Weingartner, Thomas J.] Univ Alaska, Inst Marine Sci, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
[Stabeno, Phyllis J.] NOAA, Pacific Marine Environm Lab, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
RP Janout, MA (reprint author), Alfred Wegener Inst Polar & Marine Res, Handelshafen 12, D-27570 Bremerhaven, Germany.
EM Markus.Janout@awi.de
FU NPRB [520, 603, 708, 804]; NASA; Exxon Valdez Oil Spill Trustees Council
FX Hydrographic sampling along the Seward Line from 1998 to 2004 was
carried out as part of NEP-GLOBEC and since 2005 under support of the
NPRB (Projects 520, 603, 708, and 804). NCEP Reanalysis data were
provided by the NOAA-CIRES Climate Diagnostics Center, Boulder, CO, USA,
from their Web site at http://www.cdc.noaa.gov/. QuikSCAT data are
produced by Remote Sensing Systems and sponsored by the NASA Ocean
Vector Winds Science Team. Data are available at http://www.remss.com.
Buoy data were downloaded from the National Data Buoy Center (NDBC)
website at http://www.ndbc.noaa.gov/ and from the Alaska Ocean Observing
System at http://www.aoos.org/. The SODA data were obtained from
http://www.atmos.umd.edu/similar to ocean/data.html. Hydrographic
sampling at GAK 1, the GAK 1 mooring, and support for TW are provided by
the Exxon Valdez Oil Spill Trustees Council. We thank Dave Kachel for
providing the mooring data and Seth Danielson for help with NARR data.
We greatly appreciate the comments from two anonymous reviewers, which
significantly improved the manuscript.
NR 61
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 8
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9275
EI 2169-9291
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans
PD APR
PY 2013
VL 118
IS 4
BP 1807
EP 1820
DI 10.1002/jgrc.20095
PG 14
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA 163GN
UT WOS:000320324100012
ER
PT J
AU Sullan, RMA
Churnside, AB
Nguyen, DM
Bull, MS
Perkins, TT
AF Sullan, Ruby May A.
Churnside, Allison B.
Nguyen, Duc M.
Bull, Matthew S.
Perkins, Thomas T.
TI Atomic force microscopy with sub-picoNewton force stability for
biological applications
SO METHODS
LA English
DT Article
DE Atomic force microscopy; Scanning probe microscopy; Single molecule
force spectroscopy; Drift; Overstretching DNA; Cantilever; Imaging
ID SINGLE CALMODULIN MOLECULES; COVALENT IMMOBILIZATION; UNFOLDING
PATHWAYS; CLICK CHEMISTRY; DNA-MOLECULES; PROTEIN; SPECTROSCOPY; AFM;
BACTERIORHODOPSIN; CANTILEVERS
AB Atomic force microscopy (AFM) is widely used in the biological sciences. Despite 25 years of technical developments, two popular modes of bioAFM, imaging and single molecule force spectroscopy, remain hindered by relatively poor force precision and stability. Recently, we achieved both sub-pN force precision and stability under biologically useful conditions (in liquid at room temperature). Importantly, this sub-pN level of performance is routinely accessible using a commercial cantilever on a commercial instrument. The two critical results are that (i) force precision and stability were limited by the gold coating on the cantilevers, and (ii) smaller yet stiffer cantilevers did not lead to better force precision on time scales longer than 25 ms. These new findings complement our previous work that addressed tip-sample stability. In this review, we detail the methods needed to achieve this sub-pN force stability and demonstrate improvements in force spectroscopy and imaging when using uncoated cantilevers. With this improved cantilever performance, the widespread use of nonspecific biomolecular attachments becomes a limiting factor in high-precision studies. Thus, we conclude by briefly reviewing site-specific covalent-immobilization protocols for linking a biomolecule to the substrate and to the AFM tip. Published by Elsevier Inc.
C1 [Sullan, Ruby May A.; Churnside, Allison B.; Nguyen, Duc M.; Bull, Matthew S.; Perkins, Thomas T.] Univ Colorado, Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Joint Inst Lab Astrophys, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Churnside, Allison B.; Bull, Matthew S.] Univ Colorado, Dept Phys, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Nguyen, Duc M.] Univ Colorado, Dept Chem & Biol Engn, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Perkins, Thomas T.] Univ Colorado, Dept Mol Cellular & Dev Biol, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RP Perkins, TT (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Joint Inst Lab Astrophys, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
EM tperkins@jila.colorado.edu
RI Sullan, Ruby /L-7511-2016;
OI Perkins, Thomas/0000-0003-4826-9490
FU NIH Molecular Biophysics Training Scholarship (ABC) [T32 GM-065103];
National Science Foundation [DBI-0923544, Phys-1125844]; NIST
FX The authors thank Violet Roskens for preparing the DNA and BR samples
used in the stretching and imaging experiment, respectively; Linda
Randall for providing the halobacterium and protocols for preparing the
BR samples; Jason Cleveland and Deron Walters for fruitful discussions;
Brad Baxley for illustrating Fig. 10B; and Michael Johnson for sharing
his Allan variance code. This work was supported by an NIH Molecular
Biophysics Training Scholarship (ABC, T32 GM-065103), the National
Science Foundation [DBI-0923544, Phys-1125844], and NIST. Mention of
commercial products is for information only; it does not imply NIST's
recommendation or endorsement. UP is a staff member of NIST's Quantum
Physics Division.
NR 67
TC 14
Z9 15
U1 4
U2 63
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 1046-2023
J9 METHODS
JI Methods
PD APR 1
PY 2013
VL 60
IS 2
BP 131
EP 141
DI 10.1016/j.ymeth.2013.03.029
PG 11
WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
GA 162WW
UT WOS:000320297700004
PM 23562681
ER
PT J
AU Kacimi, S
Viltard, N
Kirstetter, PE
AF Kacimi, Sahra
Viltard, Nicolas
Kirstetter, Pierre-Emmanuel
TI A new methodology for rain identification from passive microwave data in
the Tropics using neural networks
SO QUARTERLY JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
DE passive microwave; neural networks; Probability of Detection; bias;
Bayesian inversion; rainfall estimation
ID PRECIPITATION ESTIMATION; RETRIEVAL ALGORITHMS; PROFILING ALGORITHM;
TRMM; SENSORS; CLOUDS; RADAR; WATER; LAND
AB The detection of rainfall remains a challenge for the monitoring of precipitation from space. A methodology is presented to identify rain events from spaceborne passive microwave data using neural networks. We focus on BRAIN, the algorithm that provides instantaneous quantitative precipitation estimates at the surface, based on the MADRAS radiometer onboard the Megha-Tropiques satellite. A version of BRAIN using data from the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) Microwave Imager (TMI) has been used to compare several multilayer perceptrons (MLP) trained on different combinations of TMI brightness temperatures with the conventional GSCAT-2 algorithm approach used for rainfall detection. These classifiers were compared at a global scale to reference values from the TRMM Precipitation Radar (PR). They were also compared to ground measurements using two 1 degrees x 1 degrees dense rain-gauge networks from different climatic zones in West Africa to assess the inFLuence of rainfall types. At the global scale the MLPs provide better Probability of Detection than the GSCAT-2 decision tree but tend to have a higher False Alarm Rate. While no unique solution exists given the strong regional dependence of the classifiers' performances, the screen based on the 19, 21 and 85 GHz channels provides the best detection results at the instantaneous scales. As to accumulated rainfall, the screen that exhibits the lower bias relative to the PR makes use of the 37 and 85 GHz channels. The evaluation over West Africa using 10 years of TRMM overpasses shows that MLPs are in better agreement with both the PR and the gauges than GSCAT-2. The MLP trained on the 37 and 85 GHz channels increases the Probability of Detection by nearly 35% compared to the former screening over the two studied regions. Better results are obtained in the case of organized systems. Copyright (c) 2013 Royal Meteorological Society
C1 [Kacimi, Sahra] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
[Viltard, Nicolas] Univ Versailles, CNRS INSU, LATMOS IPSL, Guyancourt, France.
[Kirstetter, Pierre-Emmanuel] NOAA, Natl Severe Storms Lab, Norman, OK 73069 USA.
RP Kacimi, S (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr,MS 300-243, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
EM sahra.kacimi@jpl.nasa.gov
RI Kirstetter, Pierre/E-2305-2013; Measurement, Global/C-4698-2015
OI Kirstetter, Pierre/0000-0002-7381-0229;
NR 27
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 5
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0035-9009
J9 Q J ROY METEOR SOC
JI Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc.
PD APR
PY 2013
VL 139
IS 673
SI SI
BP 912
EP 922
DI 10.1002/qj.2114
PN B
PG 11
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 164FG
UT WOS:000320393800007
ER
PT J
AU Assumpcao, T
Ma, DY
Schwarz, A
Reiter, K
Santana, JM
Andersen, JF
Ribeiro, JMC
Nardone, G
Yu, LL
Francischetti, IMB
AF Assumpcao, Teresa
Ma, Dongying
Schwarz, Alexandra
Reiter, Karine
Santana, Jaime M.
Andersen, John F.
Ribeiro, Jose M. C.
Nardone, Glenn
Yu, Lee L.
Francischetti, Ivo M. B.
TI Salivary antigen-5/CAP family members are Cu2+-dependent antioxidant
enzymes which negatively modulate platelet function
SO FASEB JOURNAL
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT Joint Annual Meeting of the ASPET/BPS at Experimental Biology (EB)
CY APR 20-24, 2013
CL Boston, MA
SP ASPET, British Pharmacol Soc (BPS)
C1 [Assumpcao, Teresa; Ma, Dongying; Andersen, John F.; Ribeiro, Jose M. C.; Francischetti, Ivo M. B.] NIAID, Lab Malaria & Vector Res, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA.
[Schwarz, Alexandra] Acad Sci Czech Republic, Inst Parasitol, Ctr Biol, Lab Genom & Prote Dis Vectors, CR-37005 Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic.
[Reiter, Karine] NIAID, Malaria Vaccine Dev Branch, NIH, Rockville, MD USA.
[Nardone, Glenn] NIAID, Res Technol Branch, NIH, Rockville, MD USA.
[Santana, Jaime M.] Univ Brasilia, Pathogen Host Interface Lab, Dept Cell Biol, Brasilia, DF, Brazil.
[Yu, Lee L.] NIST, Div Chem Sci, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RI ma, dongying/D-8623-2012; Ribeiro, Jose/J-7011-2015; Yu, Lee/N-7263-2015
OI Yu, Lee/0000-0002-8043-6853
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL
PI BETHESDA
PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA
SN 0892-6638
J9 FASEB J
JI Faseb J.
PD APR
PY 2013
VL 27
MA lb173
PG 1
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other
Topics; Cell Biology
GA 156YK
UT WOS:000319860505593
ER
PT J
AU Carmel, R
Parker, J
Kelman, Z
AF Carmel, Ralph
Parker, James
Kelman, Zvi
TI Transcobalamin I (TC I) deficiency, a common cause of falsely low serum
cobalamin (Cbl), is usually genetic, and plasma corrinoid analogs are
decreased: is "withholding" Cbl and its analogs from human cells and the
microbiome the chief biological role for TC I?
SO FASEB JOURNAL
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT Joint Annual Meeting of the ASPET/BPS at Experimental Biology (EB)
CY APR 20-24, 2013
CL Boston, MA
SP ASPET, British Pharmacol Soc (BPS)
C1 [Carmel, Ralph] New York Methodist Hosp, Brooklyn, NY USA.
[Carmel, Ralph] Weill Cornell Med Coll, New York, NY USA.
[Parker, James] NY Methodist Hosp, Brooklyn, NY USA.
[Kelman, Zvi] NIST, Rockville, MD USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 4
PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL
PI BETHESDA
PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA
SN 0892-6638
J9 FASEB J
JI Faseb J.
PD APR
PY 2013
VL 27
MA 246.8
PG 1
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other
Topics; Cell Biology
GA 157GG
UT WOS:000319883505145
ER
PT J
AU Ranzani, L
Cullens, ED
Kuester, D
Vanhille, KJ
Grossman, E
Popovic, Z
AF Ranzani, Leonardo
Cullens, Evan D.
Kuester, Daniel
Vanhille, Kenneth J.
Grossman, Erich
Popovic, Zoya
TI W-Band Micro-Fabricated Coaxially-Fed Frequency Scanned Slot Arrays
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION
LA English
DT Article
DE Antenna arrays; beam steering; millimeter wave radar
ID PHASED-ARRAY; WAVE-GUIDE
AB In this communication we describe a frequency scanning slot array in mu coaxial technology operating from 87-102 GHz. The array achieves a 30 degrees scanning angle over a 15 GHz bandwidth. The device is fabricated using the PolyStrata sequential copper deposition process, which guarantees low loss and small size. A double-array prototype, with a gain of 14 dB at 94 GHz, is fabricated and tested.
C1 [Ranzani, Leonardo; Kuester, Daniel; Popovic, Zoya] Univ Colorado, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Cullens, Evan D.] Agilent Technol, Santa Rosa, CA 95403 USA.
[Vanhille, Kenneth J.] Nuvotronics LLC, Radford, VA 24141 USA.
[Grossman, Erich] NIST, Boulder, CO 80303 USA.
RP Ranzani, L (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
EM leonardo.ranzani@colorado.edu
FU National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) [NNX10CA77C]
FX This work was supported by the National Aeronautics and Space
Administration (NASA) under contract NNX10CA77C.
NR 15
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 2
U2 4
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 0018-926X
J9 IEEE T ANTENN PROPAG
JI IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag.
PD APR
PY 2013
VL 61
IS 4
BP 2324
EP 2328
DI 10.1109/TAP.2012.2232637
PN 2
PG 6
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications
SC Engineering; Telecommunications
GA 156OB
UT WOS:000319830800056
ER
PT J
AU Wells, RJD
Smith, SE
Kohin, S
Freund, E
Spear, N
Ramon, DA
AF Wells, R. J. David
Smith, Susan E.
Kohin, Suzanne
Freund, Ellen
Spear, Natalie
Ramon, Darlene A.
TI Age validation of juvenile Shortfin Mako (Isurus oxyrinchus) tagged and
marked with oxytetracycline off southern California
SO FISHERY BULLETIN
LA English
DT Article
ID NEW-ZEALAND WATERS; NORTH-ATLANTIC; EMBRYONIC-DEVELOPMENT;
REPRODUCTIVE-BIOLOGY; TRIAKIS-SEMIFASCIATA; STATISTICAL-METHOD;
GROWTH-PARAMETERS; FREQUENCY DATA; LEOPARD SHARK; LIFE-HISTORY
AB The purpose of this study was to validate aging results of juvenile Shortfin Mako (Isurus oxyrinchus) by vertebral band counts. Vertebrae of 29 juvenile Shortfin Mako marked with oxytetracycline (OTC) were obtained from tag-recapture activities to determine centrum growth-band deposition. Tagging occurred off southern California from 1996 to 2010, and time at liberty of the 29 sharks ranged from 4 months to 4.4 years (mean=1.3 years). Growth information also was obtained from length-frequency modal analyses (MULTIFAN and MIXDIST) by using a 29-year data set of commercial and research catch data, in addition to a tag-recapture growth model (e.g, the GROTAG model). For vertebrae samples used for age validation, shark size at time of release ranged from 79 to 142 cm fork length (FL) and from 98 to 200 cm FL at recapture. Results from band counts of vertebrae distal to OTC marks indicate 2 band pairs (2 translucent and 2 opaque) are formed each year for Shortfin Mako of the size range examined. Length-frequency analyses identified 3 age-class modes. Growth rate estimates from 26.5 to 35.5 cm/year were calculated for the first age-class mode (85 cm FL) and from 22.4 to 28.6 cm/year for the second age-class mode (130 cm FL). Results from the tag-recapture growth model revealed fast growth during time at liberty for tagged fish of the 2 youngest age classes. Collectively, these methods suggest rapid growth of juvenile Shortfin Mako in the southern California study area and indicate biannual deposition of growth bands in vertebrae for the first 5 years.
C1 [Wells, R. J. David; Smith, Susan E.; Kohin, Suzanne; Freund, Ellen; Spear, Natalie; Ramon, Darlene A.] NOAA, Fisheries Resources Div, Southwest Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
[Wells, R. J. David] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Marine Biol, Galveston, TX 77553 USA.
RP Wells, RJD (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Dept Marine Biol, 1001 Texas Clipper Rd, Galveston, TX 77553 USA.
EM wellsr@tamug.edu
NR 51
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 1
U2 23
PU NATL MARINE FISHERIES SERVICE SCIENTIFIC PUBL OFFICE
PI SEATTLE
PA 7600 SAND POINT WAY NE BIN C15700, SEATTLE, WA 98115 USA
SN 0090-0656
J9 FISH B-NOAA
JI Fish. Bull.
PD APR
PY 2013
VL 111
IS 2
BP 147
EP 160
DI 10.7755/FB.111.2.3
PG 14
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 149HQ
UT WOS:000319310000003
ER
PT J
AU McBride, RS
Vidal, TE
Cadrin, SX
AF McBride, Richard S.
Vidal, Tiffany E.
Cadrin, Steven X.
TI Changes in size and age at maturity of the northern stock of Tilefish
(Lopholatilus chamaeleonticeps) after a period of overfishing
SO FISHERY BULLETIN
LA English
DT Article
ID LIFE-HISTORY EVOLUTION; SOUTH-ATLANTIC BIGHT; MID-ATLANTIC;
SEXUAL-MATURITY; UNITED-STATES; GADUS-MORHUA; REEF FISH; FISHERIES;
LENGTH; GROWTH
AB The modern fishery for Tilefish (Lopholatilus chamaeleonticeps) developed during the 1970s, offshore of southern New England, in the western North Atlantic Ocean. The population quickly became over exploited, with documented declines in catch rates and changes in demographic traits. In an earlier study, median size at maturity (L-50) of males declined from 62.6 to 38.6 cm fork length (FL) and median age at maturity (A(50)) of males declined from 7.1 to 4.6 years between 1978 and 1982. As part of a cooperative research effort to improve the data-limited Tilefish assessment, we updated maturity parameter estimates through the use of an otolith aging method and macroscopic and microscopic evaluations of gonads. The vital rates for this species have continued to change, particularly for males. By 2008, male L-50 and A(50) had largely rebounded, to 54.1 cm FL and 5.9 years. Changes in female reproductive schedules were less variable among years, but the smallest L-50 and youngest A(50) were recorded in 2008. Tilefish are dimorphic, where the largest fish are male, and male spawning success is postulated to be socially mediated. These traits may explain the initial rapid decline and the subsequent rebound in male L-50 and A(50) and less dramatic effects on females. Other factors that likely contribute to the dynamics of maturity parameter estimates are the relatively short period of overfishing and the amount of time since efforts to rebuild this fishery began, as measured in numbers of generations. This study also confirms the gonochoristic sexual pattern of the northern stock, and it reveals evidence of age truncation and relatively high proportions of immature Tilefish in the recent catch.
C1 [McBride, Richard S.; Vidal, Tiffany E.] NOAA, Northeast Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
[Vidal, Tiffany E.; Cadrin, Steven X.] Univ Massachusetts Dartmouth, Sch Marine Sci & Technol, Fairhaven, MA 02719 USA.
RP McBride, RS (reprint author), NOAA, Northeast Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, 166 Water St, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
EM richard.mcbride@noaa.gov
RI McBride, Richard/C-2818-2012
FU NOAA Fisheries Cooperative Marine Education and Research program;
University of Massachusetts; NEFSC Cooperative Research Program;
Massachusetts Fisheries Institute
FX The fishermen and vessel owners of the FV Sea Capture and the FV
Kimberly were cooperating partners, together with the assistance of the
Northeast Fisheries Science Center (NEFSC) Study Fleet program: J. Hoey,
M. Palmer, J. Moser, K. Anderson, M. Ball, and I. Conboy. J. Burnett, J.
Brenton, S. Correia, B. Jackson, P. Nitschke, K. Oliveira, N. Perry, G.
Shepherd, and K. Stokesbury also assisted materially. Funding for this
project was provided through NOAA Fisheries Cooperative Marine Education
and Research program, the University of Massachusetts, the NEFSC
Cooperative Research Program, and the Massachusetts Fisheries Institute.
C. Grimes, R. Muller, and 3 anonymous reviewers provided constructive
criticism on earlier drafts. We thank all of those involved.
NR 52
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 3
U2 25
PU NATL MARINE FISHERIES SERVICE SCIENTIFIC PUBL OFFICE
PI SEATTLE
PA 7600 SAND POINT WAY NE BIN C15700, SEATTLE, WA 98115 USA
SN 0090-0656
J9 FISH B-NOAA
JI Fish. Bull.
PD APR
PY 2013
VL 111
IS 2
BP 161
EP 174
DI 10.7755/FB.111.2.4
PG 14
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 149HQ
UT WOS:000319310000004
ER
PT J
AU Capossela, KM
Fabrizio, MC
Brill, RW
AF Capossela, Karen M.
Fabrizio, Mary C.
Brill, Richard W.
TI Migratory and within-estuary behaviors of adult Summer Flounder
(Paralichthys dentatus) in a lagoon system of the southern mid-Atlantic
Bight
SO FISHERY BULLETIN
LA English
DT Article
ID LOWER CHESAPEAKE BAY; JUVENILE SUMMER; NEW-JERSEY; WINTER FLOUNDER;
PSEUDOPLEURONECTES-AMERICANUS; ULTRASONIC TELEMETRY; ACOUSTIC TELEMETRY;
GROWTH LIMITATION; HABITAT DYNAMICS; 2 TEMPERATURES
AB We monitored the movements of 45 adult Summer Flounder (Paralichthys dentatus) between June 2007 and July 2008 through the use of passive acoustic telemetry to elucidate migratory and within-estuary behaviors in a lagoon system of the southern mid-Atlantic Bight. Between 8 June and 10 October 2007, fish resided primarily in the deeper (>3 m) regions of the system and exhibited low levels of large-scale (100s of meters) activity. Mean residence time within this estuarine lagoon system was conservatively estimated to be 130 days (range: 18-223 days), which is 1.5 times longer than the residence time previously reported for Summer Flounder in a similar estuarine habitat similar to 250 km to the north. The majority of fish remained within the lagoon system until mid-October, although some fish dispersed earlier and some of them appeared to disperse temporarily (i.e., exited the system for at least 14 consecutive days before returning). Larger fish were more likely to disperse before mid-October than smaller fish and may have moved to other estuaries or the inner continental shelf. Fish that dispersed after mid-October were more likely to return to the lagoon system the following spring than were fish that dispersed before mid-October. In 2008, fish returned to the system between 7 February and 7 April. Dispersals and returns most closely followed seasonal changes in mean water temperature, but photoperiod and other factors also may have played a role in large-scale movements of Summer Flounder.
C1 [Capossela, Karen M.; Fabrizio, Mary C.] Virginia Inst Marine Sci, Coll William & Mary, Dept Fisheries Sci, Gloucester Point, VA 23062 USA.
[Brill, Richard W.] NOAA, James J Howard Marine Sci Lab, Northeast Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Highlands, NJ 07732 USA.
RP Capossela, KM (reprint author), Maryland Dept Nat Resources, 301 Marine Acad Dr, Stevensville, MD 21666 USA.
EM kcapossela@dnr.state.md.us
OI Fabrizio, Mary/0000-0002-6115-5490
FU Oceanside Conservation Co., Inc.; Eastern Shore Graduate Research Grant
FX We thank the following individuals for their assistance with this study:
P. Bushnell, D. Gauthier, M. Henderson, J. Smith, and L. Smith. We
acknowledge M. Luckenbach, S. Fate, R. Bonniwell, and the support staff
of the Virginia Institute of Marine Science Eastern Shore Laboratory. We
also thank T. Targett for his comments on earlier drafts of this
manuscript and D. Fox for sharing detections from Delaware Bay. Funding
for this project was provided by the Oceanside Conservation Co., Inc.,
Student Research Grant, and the Eastern Shore Graduate Research Grant.
This is contribution 3251 from the Virginia Institute of Marine Science,
College of William & Mary.
NR 55
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 1
U2 22
PU NATL MARINE FISHERIES SERVICE SCIENTIFIC PUBL OFFICE
PI SEATTLE
PA 7600 SAND POINT WAY NE BIN C15700, SEATTLE, WA 98115 USA
SN 0090-0656
EI 1937-4518
J9 FISH B-NOAA
JI Fish. Bull.
PD APR
PY 2013
VL 111
IS 2
BP 189
EP 201
DI 10.7755/FB.111.2.6
PG 13
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 149HQ
UT WOS:000319310000006
ER
PT J
AU Grafton, RQ
Pittock, J
Davis, R
Williams, J
Fu, GB
Warburton, M
Udall, B
McKenzie, R
Yu, XB
Che, N
Connell, D
Jiang, Q
Kompas, T
Lynch, A
Norris, R
Possingham, HP
Quiggin, J
AF Grafton, R. Quentin
Pittock, Jamie
Davis, Richard
Williams, John
Fu, Guobin
Warburton, Michele
Udall, Bradley
McKenzie, Ronnie
Yu, Xiubo
Che, Nhu
Connell, Daniel
Jiang, Qiang
Kompas, Tom
Lynch, Amanda
Norris, Richard
Possingham, Hugh P.
Quiggin, John
TI Global insights into water resources, climate change and governance
SO NATURE CLIMATE CHANGE
LA English
DT Article
ID COLORADO-RIVER DELTA; BASIN; AGRICULTURE; MANAGEMENT; MEXICO; TRENDS;
CHINA
AB The threats of climate change and the trade-offs between extractions and flows are examined for the Colorado, the Murray, the Orange and the Yellow Rivers. In all four basins, and over a long period of time, outflows have greatly reduced as a direct result of increased water extractions. Although climate change will aggravate hydrological impacts on river systems, currently high levels of water extractions remain the principal contributor to reduced system flows. Changes in governance, including sharing the variability between the environment and consumers, are urgently required if the health of these rivers is to be maintained.
C1 [Grafton, R. Quentin; Pittock, Jamie; Williams, John; Connell, Daniel; Jiang, Qiang; Kompas, Tom] Australian Natl Univ, Crawford Sch, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia.
[Fu, Guobin] CSIRO Land & Water, Floreat Pk, WA 6014, Australia.
[Warburton, Michele] Univ KwaZulu Natal, ZA-4041 Berea, South Africa.
[Udall, Bradley] Univ Colorado, Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[McKenzie, Ronnie] WRP Pty Ltd, ZA-0181 Pretoria, South Africa.
[Yu, Xiubo] Chinese Acad Sci, Beijing 100864, Peoples R China.
[Che, Nhu] Bur Resources & Energy Econ, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia.
[Lynch, Amanda] Brown Univ, Environm Change Initiat, Providence, RI 02912 USA.
[Norris, Richard] Univ Canberra, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia.
[Possingham, Hugh P.; Quiggin, John] Univ Queensland, St Lucia, Qld 4072, Australia.
RP Grafton, RQ (reprint author), Australian Natl Univ, Crawford Sch, Bldg 132, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia.
EM Quentin.grafton@anu.edu.au
RI Fu, Guobin/A-3243-2008; Grafton, R. Quentin/A-5277-2008; Lynch,
Amanda/B-4278-2011; Possingham, Hugh/B-1337-2008;
OI Grafton, R. Quentin/0000-0002-0048-9083; Lynch,
Amanda/0000-0003-2990-1016; Possingham, Hugh/0000-0001-7755-996X; YU,
Xiubo/0000-0002-8266-2432; Quiggin, John/0000-0003-0398-8280; Fu,
Guobin/0000-0002-3968-4871
NR 48
TC 67
Z9 69
U1 9
U2 110
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 1758-678X
EI 1758-6798
J9 NAT CLIM CHANGE
JI Nat. Clim. Chang.
PD APR
PY 2013
VL 3
IS 4
BP 315
EP 321
DI 10.1038/NCLIMATE1746
PG 7
WC Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies; Meteorology & Atmospheric
Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 150OL
UT WOS:000319400400007
ER
PT J
AU Nalepa, TF
AF Nalepa, Thomas F.
TI Felicitations for the Aquatic Ecosystem Health and Management Society
SO AQUATIC ECOSYSTEM HEALTH & MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
C1 NOAA, Great Lakes Environm Res Lab, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA.
RP Nalepa, TF (reprint author), NOAA, Great Lakes Environm Res Lab, 2205 Commonwealth Blvd, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA.
EM thomas.nalepa@noaa.gov
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 1463-4988
J9 AQUAT ECOSYST HEALTH
JI Aquat. Ecosyst. Health Manag.
PD APR 1
PY 2013
VL 16
IS 2
SI SI
BP 158
EP 158
DI 10.1080/14634988.2013.798155
PG 1
WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water
Resources
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water
Resources
GA 144WU
UT WOS:000318973400017
ER
PT J
AU Bentz, DP
Garboczi, EJ
Lu, Y
Martys, N
Sakulich, AR
Weiss, WJ
AF Bentz, Dale P.
Garboczi, Edward J.
Lu, Yang
Martys, Nicos
Sakulich, Aaron R.
Weiss, W. Jason
TI Modeling of the influence of transverse cracking on chloride penetration
into concrete
SO CEMENT & CONCRETE COMPOSITES
LA English
DT Article
DE Binding; Chloride diffusion; Corrosion; Service life; Transverse
cracking
ID BRIDGE DECKS; DIFFUSION; INGRESS
AB Concrete service life models have proliferated in recent years due to increased interest in designing infrastructure elements with at least a 75-year service life, along with greater emphasis on life-cycle costing. While existing models consider a variety of concrete material and environmental factors, at varying levels of complexity, in predicting the time until the onset of chloride-induced corrosion of the steel reinforcement, the influence of cracking is generally beyond their current scope. This paper presents a preliminary strategy for examining the influence of transverse cracking on chloride ion penetration into concrete that includes a graphical approach for adjusting the predicted service life provided by current models to reflect this influence. Comparison to experimental data for saturated concretes indicates that the contributions of binding of the chloride ions by the cement paste play a significant role in slowing the ingress of chlorides and should be accounted for in any modeling efforts. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Bentz, Dale P.; Garboczi, Edward J.; Lu, Yang; Martys, Nicos; Sakulich, Aaron R.; Weiss, W. Jason] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Mat & Struct Syst Div, Engn Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Bentz, DP (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Mat & Struct Syst Div, Engn Lab, 100 Bur Dr,Stop 8615, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM dale.bentz@nist.gov
RI Sakulich, Aaron/G-6010-2014;
OI Sakulich, Aaron/0000-0002-6796-4045
NR 28
TC 30
Z9 34
U1 2
U2 26
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0958-9465
J9 CEMENT CONCRETE COMP
JI Cem. Concr. Compos.
PD APR
PY 2013
VL 38
BP 65
EP 74
DI 10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2013.03.003
PG 10
WC Construction & Building Technology; Materials Science, Composites
SC Construction & Building Technology; Materials Science
GA 146JC
UT WOS:000319086400008
ER
PT J
AU Rehm, C
Barker, J
Bouwman, WG
Pynn, R
AF Rehm, Christine
Barker, John
Bouwman, Wim G.
Pynn, Roger
TI DCD USANS and SESANS: a comparison of two neutron scattering techniques
applicable for the study of large-scale structures
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
LA English
DT Article
ID SPIN-ECHO; RESEARCH REACTOR; INSTRUMENT; CRYSTALS; OPAL
AB This paper provides a comparison of the capabilities of two techniques for extending the range of conventional small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) towards the micrometre length scale, namely the double-crystal diffraction ultra-small-angle neutron scattering (DCD USANS) technique, which uses perfect silicon crystals in Bragg reflection, and spin-echo SANS (SESANS), a method that uses the spin precessions of a polarized neutron beam. Both methods encode the scattering angle to very high precision. Based on round-robin test measurements, the strengths and weaknesses of the two techniques are discussed with respect to the measurement of the particle size of monodisperse scatterers, and potential performance gains for state-of-the-art DCD USANS and SESANS instruments are investigated.
C1 [Rehm, Christine] Australian Nucl Sci & Technol Org, Bragg Inst, Kirrawee Dc, NSW 2232, Australia.
[Barker, John] NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Bouwman, Wim G.] Delft Univ Technol, Fac Sci Appl, Dept Radiat Radionuclides & Reactors, NL-2629 JB Delft, Netherlands.
[Pynn, Roger] Indiana Univ, Dept Phys, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA.
[Pynn, Roger] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Rehm, C (reprint author), Australian Nucl Sci & Technol Org, Bragg Inst, Locked Bag 2001, Kirrawee Dc, NSW 2232, Australia.
EM cre@ansto.gov.au
RI Bouwman, Wim/C-8669-2009
OI Bouwman, Wim/0000-0002-5331-8085
FU National Science Foundation [DMR-0454672]; US Department of Energy
through its Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Material
Science and Engineering [ER46279]
FX At Delft University of Technology we thank Chris Duif and Jeroen Plomp
for their assistance in the SESANS experiments, and Henk Lukas for flame
sealing of sample quartz cuvettes. At ANSTO we thank Chris Garvey and
Tracey Hanley for their assistance in spectrophotometer and densitometer
measurements, and David Stathers for flame sealing of sample quartz
cuvettes. This work utilized facilities supported in part by the
National Science Foundation under Agreement No. DMR-0454672. RP was
supported in this work by the US Department of Energy through its Office
of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Material Science and Engineering
(grant No. ER46279). The mention of commercial products does not imply
endorsement by NIST, nor does it imply that the materials or equipment
identified are necessarily the best available for the purpose.
NR 33
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 1
U2 22
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0021-8898
J9 J APPL CRYSTALLOGR
JI J. Appl. Crystallogr.
PD APR
PY 2013
VL 46
BP 354
EP 364
DI 10.1107/S0021889812050029
PN 2
PG 11
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Crystallography
SC Chemistry; Crystallography
GA 144ME
UT WOS:000318942800009
ER
PT J
AU Fraisse, AA
Ade, PAR
Amiri, M
Benton, SJ
Bock, JJ
Bond, JR
Bonetti, JA
Bryan, S
Burger, B
Chiang, HC
Clark, CN
Contaldi, CR
Crill, BP
Davis, G
Dore, O
Farhang, M
Filippini, JP
Fissel, LM
Gandilo, NN
Golwala, S
Gudmundsson, JE
Hasselfield, M
Hilton, G
Holmes, W
Hristov, VV
Irwin, K
Jones, WC
Kuo, CL
MacTavish, CJ
Mason, PV
Montroy, TE
Morford, TA
Netterfield, CB
O'Dea, DT
Rahlin, AS
Reintsema, C
Ruhl, JE
Runyan, MC
Schenker, MA
Shariff, JA
Soler, JD
Trangsrud, A
Tucker, C
Tucker, RS
Turner, AD
Wiebe, D
AF Fraisse, A. A.
Ade, P. A. R.
Amiri, M.
Benton, S. J.
Bock, J. J.
Bond, J. R.
Bonetti, J. A.
Bryan, S.
Burger, B.
Chiang, H. C.
Clark, C. N.
Contaldi, C. R.
Crill, B. P.
Davis, G.
Dore, O.
Farhang, M.
Filippini, J. P.
Fissel, L. M.
Gandilo, N. N.
Golwala, S.
Gudmundsson, J. E.
Hasselfield, M.
Hilton, G.
Holmes, W.
Hristov, V. V.
Irwin, K.
Jones, W. C.
Kuo, C. L.
MacTavish, C. J.
Mason, P. V.
Montroy, T. E.
Morford, T. A.
Netterfield, C. B.
O'Dea, D. T.
Rahlin, A. S.
Reintsema, C.
Ruhl, J. E.
Runyan, M. C.
Schenker, M. A.
Shariff, J. A.
Soler, J. D.
Trangsrud, A.
Tucker, C.
Tucker, R. S.
Turner, A. D.
Wiebe, D.
CA SPIDER Collaboration
TI SPIDER: probing the early Universe with a suborbital polarimeter
SO JOURNAL OF COSMOLOGY AND ASTROPARTICLE PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE CMBR experiments; CMBR polarisation; inflation; physics of the early
universe
ID MICROWAVE BACKGROUND-RADIATION; GALACTIC DUST EMISSION; POWER SPECTRUM;
WMAP OBSERVATIONS; 2003 FLIGHT; POLARIZATION; ANISOTROPY; TELESCOPE;
TEMPERATURE; BOOMERANG
AB We evaluate the ability of SPIDER, a balloon-borne polarimeter, to detect a divergence-free polarization pattern (B-modes) in the cosmic microwave background (CMB). In the inflationary scenario, the amplitude of this signal is proportional to that of the primordial scalar perturbations through the tensor-to-scalar ratio r. We show that the expected level of systematic error in the SPIDER instrument is significantly below the amplitude of an interesting cosmological signal with r = 0.03. We present a scanning strategy that enables us to minimize uncertainty in the reconstruction of the Stokes parameters used to characterize the CMB, while accessing a relatively wide range of angular scales. Evaluating the amplitude of the polarized Galactic emission in the SPIDER field, we conclude that the polarized emission from interstellar dust is as bright or brighter than the cosmological signal at all SPIDER frequencies (90 GHz, 150 GHz, and 280 GHz), a situation similar to that found in the "Southern Hole." We show that two similar to 20-day flights of the SPIDER instrument can constrain the amplitude of the B-mode signal to r < 0.03 (99% CL) even when foreground contamination is taken into account. In the absence of foregrounds, the same limit can be reached after one 20-day flight.
C1 [Fraisse, A. A.; Chiang, H. C.; Gudmundsson, J. E.; Jones, W. C.; Rahlin, A. S.] Princeton Univ, Dept Phys, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
[Tucker, C.; SPIDER Collaboration] Cardiff Univ, Sch Phys & Astron, Cardiff CF10 3AX, S Glam, Wales.
[Amiri, M.; Burger, B.; Davis, G.; Hasselfield, M.; Wiebe, D.] Univ British Columbia, Dept Phys & Astron, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada.
[Benton, S. J.; Netterfield, C. B.] Univ Toronto, Dept Phys, Toronto, ON, Canada.
[Bock, J. J.; Crill, B. P.; Dore, O.; Filippini, J. P.; Golwala, S.; Hristov, V. V.; Mason, P. V.; Morford, T. A.; Runyan, M. C.; Schenker, M. A.; Trangsrud, A.; Tucker, R. S.] CALTECH, Dept Phys, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
[Bock, J. J.; Bonetti, J. A.; Crill, B. P.; Dore, O.; Holmes, W.; Turner, A. D.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA USA.
[Bond, J. R.; Farhang, M.] Univ Toronto, Canadian Inst Theoret Astrophys, Toronto, ON M5S 1A1, Canada.
[Bryan, S.; Montroy, T. E.; Ruhl, J. E.] Case Western Reserve Univ, Dept Phys, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA.
[Clark, C. N.; Contaldi, C. R.; O'Dea, D. T.] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Blackett Lab, London, England.
[Farhang, M.; Fissel, L. M.; Gandilo, N. N.; Netterfield, C. B.; Shariff, J. A.; Soler, J. D.] Univ Toronto, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Toronto, ON, Canada.
[Hilton, G.; Irwin, K.; Reintsema, C.] NIST, Boulder, CO USA.
[Kuo, C. L.] Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
[MacTavish, C. J.] Univ Cambridge, Kavli Inst Cosmol, Cambridge, England.
RP Fraisse, AA (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Dept Phys, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
EM afraisse@princeton.edu
OI Tucker, Carole/0000-0002-1851-3918
FU National Science Foundation [ANT-1043515]; NASA [APRA-NNX07AL64G,
NESSF-NNX10AM55H]; Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation; NSERC; Canadian
Space Agency; CIFAR; Leifur Eiriksson Foundation; NASA Office of Space
Science
FX The SPIDER collaboration gratefully acknowledges the support of the
National Science Foundation (ANT-1043515), NASA (APRA-NNX07AL64G), and
the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation. Support in Canada is provided by
NSERC, the Canadian Space Agency, and CIFAR. JEG is supported by a grant
from the Leifur Eiriksson Foundation. ASR is supported by NASA
(NESSF-NNX10AM55H). WCJ acknowledges the generous support of the Alfred
P. Sloan Foundation and of the David and Lucile Packard Foundation. Some
of the results in this paper have been derived using the
HEALPix1 [57] package, as well as the FFTW subroutine library
[58]. This research has made use of NASA's Astrophysics Data System. We
acknowledge the use of the Legacy Archive for Microwave Background Data
Analysis (LAMBDA). Support for LAMBDA is provided by the NASA Office of
Space Science.
NR 59
TC 26
Z9 26
U1 0
U2 4
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 1475-7516
J9 J COSMOL ASTROPART P
JI J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys.
PD APR
PY 2013
IS 4
AR 047
DI 10.1088/1475-7516/2013/04/047
PG 25
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics
GA 139BJ
UT WOS:000318556200047
ER
PT J
AU Naugolnykh, K
AF Naugolnykh, Konstantin
TI Sound scattering by a vortex dipole
SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA
LA English
DT Article
ID CYLINDRICAL VORTEX; FLUID; WAVES
AB Sound scattering by a system of two counter-rotating vortices (Lamb dipole) is considered, using the effective approach of Pitaevskii [J. Exp. Theor. Phys (USSR) 35, 1271-1275 (1958); Sov. Phys. JETP 85, 888-890 (1959)], based on application of the asymptotic representation of the scattering Green function, the Dirac delta function modeling of the vortex, and the Fourier transformation of the vector of scattering. The sound frequency is supposed to be low. The directivity pattern of the radiation, scattered by the Lamb dipole is obtained. There is no singularity in scattering field in this case as it must be for the vorticity with zero circulation, so the dipole is a more appropriate object for the approximation used. (C) 2013 Acoustical Society of America.
C1 [Naugolnykh, Konstantin] Zel Technol LLC, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Naugolnykh, Konstantin] NOAA, Div Phys Sci, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Naugolnykh, K (reprint author), Zel Technol LLC, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
NR 12
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 6
PU ACOUSTICAL SOC AMER AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA
SN 0001-4966
J9 J ACOUST SOC AM
JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am.
PD APR
PY 2013
VL 133
IS 4
BP 1882
EP 1884
DI 10.1121/1.4794395
PG 3
WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology
SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology
GA 139BB
UT WOS:000318555300022
PM 23556557
ER
PT J
AU Strychalski, EA
Stavis, SM
Geist, J
AF Strychalski, Elizabeth A.
Stavis, Samuel M.
Geist, Jon
TI A localized transition in the size variation of circular DNA in
nanofluidic slitlike confinement
SO AIP ADVANCES
LA English
DT Article
DE DNA; molecular biophysics; nanobiotechnology; nanofluidics; piecewise
linear techniques; polymers; statistical analysis
ID DYNAMICS; STATISTICS; NANOSLITS
AB We report strong evidence for a localized transition in the size variation of circular DNA between strong and moderate regimes of slitlike confinement. A novel and rigorous statistical analysis was applied to our recent experimental measurements of DNA size for linear and circular topologies in nanofluidic slits with depths around approximate to 2p, where p is the persistence length. This empirical approach revealed a localized transition between confinement regimes for circular DNA at a slit depth of approximate to 3p but neither detected nor ruled out the possibility for such a transition for linear DNA. These unexpected results provide the first indication of the localized influence of polymer topology on size variation in slitlike confinement. Improved understanding of differences in polymer behavior related to topology in this controversial and relevant system is of fundamental importance in polymer science and will inform nanofluidic methods for biopolymer analysis. Copyright 2013 Author(s). All article content, except where otherwise noted, is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4802594]
C1 [Strychalski, Elizabeth A.] NIST, Mat Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Stavis, Samuel M.] NIST, Ctr Nanoscale Sci & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Geist, Jon] NIST, Phys Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Strychalski, EA (reprint author), NIST, Mat Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM elizabeth.strychalski@nist.gov
OI Geist, Jon/0000-0001-7749-318X
NR 20
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 2
U2 35
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 2158-3226
J9 AIP ADV
JI AIP Adv.
PD APR
PY 2013
VL 3
IS 4
AR 042115
DI 10.1063/1.4802594
PG 7
WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary;
Physics, Applied
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics
GA 135ER
UT WOS:000318271100015
ER
PT J
AU Hoffmayer, ER
Franks, JS
Driggers, WB
Howey, PW
AF Hoffmayer, Eric R.
Franks, James S.
Driggers, William B., III
Howey, Paul W.
TI DIEL VERTICAL MOVEMENTS OF A SCALLOPED HAMMERHEAD, SPHYRNA LEWINI, IN
THE NORTHERN GULF OF MEXICO
SO BULLETIN OF MARINE SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID SATELLITE ARCHIVAL TAGS; TUNA THUNNUS-THYNNUS; PACIFIC-OCEAN; SHARKS;
CALIFORNIA; FISH; TEMPERATURE; AUSTRALIA; TRACKING; MOKARRAN
AB Despite the circumglobal distribution of scalloped hammerheads, Sphyrna lewini (Griffith and Smith, 1834), little information is available regarding fine-scale movement and habitat use patterns for this species. Over a 27-d period, data were collected on diel habitat use and environmental preferences of a 240 cm (total length) female S. lewini. The shark exhibited a consistent and repeated diel vertical movement pattern, making more than 76 deep nighttime dives; the maximum depth reached was 964 m, where the temperature was 5.8 degrees C. The purpose of the nightly oscillatory deep diving pattern is unknown but could possibly represent feeding behavior. These findings represent the first detailed account of S. lewini diel vertical behavior and habitat utilization in the western North Atlantic Ocean.
C1 [Hoffmayer, Eric R.; Driggers, William B., III] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Southeast Fisheries Sci Ctr, Mississippi Labs, Pascagoula, MS 39567 USA.
[Franks, James S.] Univ So Mississippi, Gulf Coast Res Lab, Ctr Fisheries Res & Dev, Ocean Springs, MS 39564 USA.
[Howey, Paul W.] Microwave Telemetry Inc, Columbia, MD 21045 USA.
RP Hoffmayer, ER (reprint author), Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Southeast Fisheries Sci Ctr, Mississippi Labs, PO Drawer 1207, Pascagoula, MS 39567 USA.
EM eric.hoffmayer@noaa.gov
RI sebastianovitsch, stepan/G-8507-2013
FU US National Marine Fisheries Service [NA08NMF4540389]
FX We extend our appreciation to B Delabar and BC Bobby of the sport
fishing vessel FRENZY (Venice, Louisiana). We also thank R Berg (BEI,
Inc.) for providing video of the scalloped hammerhead aggregation at
MC582 the day prior to our tagging event. G Parsons provided valuable
comments on an earlier version of the manuscript. This research was
partially supported by US National Marine Fisheries Service, Cooperative
Research Program, Grant #NA08NMF4540389 to E Hoffmayer and J Franks.
This research was conducted in compliance with US law under Scientific
Research Permit HMS-EFP-08-07, issued by the Highly Migratory Species
Division of the Office of Sustainable Fisheries, National Marine
Fisheries Service, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA, and the Institutional
Animal Care and Use Committee of the University of Southern Mississippi
(protocol 09031204). Mention of commercial products does not imply
endorsement by the University of Southern Mississippi or the National
Marine Fisheries Service.
NR 22
TC 5
Z9 6
U1 3
U2 38
PU ROSENSTIEL SCH MAR ATMOS SCI
PI MIAMI
PA 4600 RICKENBACKER CAUSEWAY, MIAMI, FL 33149 USA
SN 0007-4977
J9 B MAR SCI
JI Bull. Mar. Sci.
PD APR
PY 2013
VL 89
IS 2
BP 551
EP 557
DI 10.5343/bms.2012.1048
PG 7
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
GA 136QM
UT WOS:000318378500009
ER
PT J
AU Wick, GA
Neiman, PJ
Ralph, FM
AF Wick, Gary A.
Neiman, Paul J.
Ralph, F. Martin
TI Description and Validation of an Automated Objective Technique for
Identification and Characterization of the Integrated Water Vapor
Signature of Atmospheric Rivers
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING
LA English
DT Article
DE Atmospheric river; automated detection; forecast verification;
integrated water vapor; meteorology; pattern recognition; passive
microwave remote sensing
ID SATELLITE; CALIFORNIA; FORECASTS; FLOODS
AB An automated, objective tool for identifying and characterizing the integrated water vapor (IWV) signature of atmospheric rivers (ARs) based on satellite-observed or model-derived IWV fields has been developed, demonstrated, and validated. ARs are narrow plumes of intense water vapor transport that have been found to be an important contributor to major flooding events in the western U. S. and to seasonal water supply. Previous results demonstrated that the associated IWV signature is an effective proxy for the ARs themselves and that signature is used in this work to characterize the features. The technique employs basic objective criteria for the length (> 2000 km), width (< 1000 km), and IWV content (> 2 cm) of the plumes and standard image processing techniques including thresholding and skeletonization to identify the ARs. Extracted characteristics for the identified plumes include their position, width, core IWV content, orientation, lifetime, and propagation speed. The performance of the AR detection tool (ARDT) was validated over five cool seasons by comparing the AR IWV signature identified by the tool with visually identified events from an existing landfalling AR climatology. The ARDT performed extremely well with a critical success index of 92.4% and a 98.5% probability of detection. Differences were largely the result of subjective decisions in visual classification and tradeoffs in the tool sensitivity between missing actual ARs and inclusion of non-AR features. Future improvements include refined computations of the length and width of AR features and extension of the technique to apply directly to measurements of the water vapor transport. Overall, the ARDT appears well suited for the development of extended AR climatologies and the comparison and verification of forecasts of ARs.
C1 [Neiman, Paul J.; Ralph, F. Martin] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Div Phys Sci, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Wick, GA (reprint author), NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Div Phys Sci, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM Gary.A.Wick@noaa.gov; paul.j.neiman@noaa.gov; marty.ralph@noaa.gov
FU National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration under the THORPEX
program; California Energy Commission through the CalWater Project
FX This work was supported by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration under the THORPEX program and from the California Energy
Commission through the CalWater Project.
NR 14
TC 18
Z9 18
U1 0
U2 16
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 0196-2892
EI 1558-0644
J9 IEEE T GEOSCI REMOTE
JI IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing
PD APR
PY 2013
VL 51
IS 4
BP 2166
EP 2176
DI 10.1109/TGRS.2012.2211024
PN 2
PG 11
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Remote
Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science
& Photographic Technology
GA 137HY
UT WOS:000318427500002
ER
PT J
AU Connor, LN
Farrell, SL
McAdoo, DC
Krabill, WB
Manizade, S
AF Connor, Laurence N.
Farrell, Sinead Louise
McAdoo, David C.
Krabill, William B.
Manizade, Serdar
TI Validating ICESat Over Thick Sea Ice in the Northern Canada Basin
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING
LA English
DT Article
DE Altimetry; laser radar; satellite applications; sea ice; snow
ID LASER ALTIMETER MEASUREMENTS; AIRBORNE LASER; RADAR ALTIMETER; SNOW;
FREEBOARD; VARIABILITY; MOTION; OCEAN; COVER; LAND
AB Only in the past eight years has the feasibility of using satellite-borne altimeters to estimate sea ice freeboard and thickness been demonstrated, and these estimates still have uncertainties primarily associated with limited knowledge of snow loading on sea ice. Because accurate estimates of Arctic-wide sea ice thickness and volume are fundamental inputs to global climate models, validation of satellite-derived thickness estimates using independent data is required. A detailed assessment of freeboard retrieved by the Geoscience Laser Altimeter System (GLAS) aboard the Ice, Cloud, and land Elevation Satellite has been carried out using high-resolution laser altimetry from the National Aeronautics and Space Administration's Airborne Topographic Mapper (ATM), the Delay-Doppler radar altimeter, and digital photography collected along a 300-km segment of sea ice in the Canada Basin. Exploiting the repeat coverage of the aircraft flight line, a correction was applied to GLAS footprint geolocations to adjust for sea ice drift that occurred during the time between satellite and aircraft acquisitions. Comparisons of GLAS and ATM measurements over sea ice show excellent agreement (about a 0.00-m mean) with no apparent bias between data sets. Freeboard estimates were examined using data from GLAS and ATM independently, employing measurements over refrozen leads to estimate local sea surface heights (SSHs). The results demonstrate the sensitivity of freeboard and thickness calculations to an accurate estimation of local SSH. Snow depth derived by differencing laser and radar data was combined with the freeboard estimates to yield a mean sea ice thickness of similar to 5.5mover a 250-km subsection of the flight track.
C1 [Connor, Laurence N.; McAdoo, David C.] NOAA, Lab Satellite Altimetry, Natl Environm Satellite Data & Informat Serv, Ctr Satellite Applicat & Res, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
[Farrell, Sinead Louise] Univ Maryland, Earth Syst Sci Interdisciplinary Ctr, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
[Farrell, Sinead Louise] NOAA, Lab Satellite Altimetry, NESDIS, STAR, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
[Krabill, William B.] NASA, Sigma Space Inc, Wallops Flight Facil, Wallops Isl, VA 23337 USA.
[Manizade, Serdar] NASA, URS Corp, Wallops Flight Facil, Wallops Isl, VA 23337 USA.
RP Connor, LN (reprint author), NOAA, Lab Satellite Altimetry, Natl Environm Satellite Data & Informat Serv, Ctr Satellite Applicat & Res, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
EM Laurence.Connor@noaa.gov; Sineadf@umd.edu; Dave.McAdoo@noaa.gov;
William.B.Krabill@nasa.gov; Serdar.Manizade@nasa.gov
RI Farrell, Sinead/F-5586-2010; McAdoo, Dave/F-5612-2010; Connor,
Laurence/E-7930-2011
OI Farrell, Sinead/0000-0003-3222-2751; McAdoo, Dave/0000-0002-7533-5564;
Connor, Laurence/0000-0002-5276-6257
FU National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration; National Aeronautics
and Space Administration; National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration (NOAA)'s Ocean Remote Sensing program; NASA's Cryosphere
Program
FX This work was supported in part by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration and in part by the National Aeronautics and Space
Administration. The views, opinions, and findings contained in this
report are those of the authors and should not be construed as an
official NOAA or U. S. Government position, policy, or decision.; The
authors would like to thank the National Aeronautics and Space
Administration (NASA) P3 aircrew for their support during the Arctic
Aircraft Altimeter (AAA) 2006 campaign. The March 27, 2006, AAA flight
was supported by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
(NOAA)'s Ocean Remote Sensing program and NASA's Cryosphere Program. The
authors would also like to thank C. Leuschen for providing the processed
Delay-Doppler data for the AAA flights, the reviewers for their efforts
and insightful suggestions, and NASA's Ice, Cloud, and land Elevation
Satellite (ICESat) Science Project and National Snow and Ice Data Center
for the distribution of the ICESat data (see
http://nsidc.org/data/icesat/). Moderate Resolution Imaging
Spectroradiometer imagery was obtained from NASA's Level 1 and
Atmosphere Archive and Distribution System
(http://ladsweb.nascom.nasa.gov).
NR 46
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 15
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 0196-2892
EI 1558-0644
J9 IEEE T GEOSCI REMOTE
JI IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing
PD APR
PY 2013
VL 51
IS 4
BP 2188
EP 2200
DI 10.1109/TGRS.2012.2211603
PN 2
PG 13
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Remote
Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science
& Photographic Technology
GA 137HY
UT WOS:000318427500004
ER
PT J
AU Li, YG
Zhang, GF
Doviak, RJ
Lei, L
Cao, Q
AF Li, Yinguang
Zhang, Guifu
Doviak, Richard J.
Lei, Lei
Cao, Qing
TI A New Approach to Detect Ground Clutter Mixed With Weather Signals
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING
LA English
DT Article
DE Bayesian methods; meteorological radar; radar clutter; radar detection;
spectral analysis
ID RADAR; IDENTIFICATION; CLASSIFICATION; ALGORITHM; WSR-88D
AB Considering that the statistics of the phase and the power of weather signals in the spectral domain are different from those statistics for echoes fromstationary objects, a spectrum clutter identification (SCI) algorithm has been developed to detect ground clutter using single polarization radars, but SCI can be extended for dual-pol radars. SCI examines both the power and phase in the spectral domain and uses a simple Bayesian classifier to combine four discriminants: spectral power distribution, spectral phase fluctuations, spatial texture of echo power, and spatial texture of spectrum width to make decisions as to the presence of clutter that can corrupt meteorological measurements. This work is focused on detecting ground clutter mixed with weather signals, even if the clutter power to signal power ratio is low. The performance of the SCI algorithm is shown by applying it to radar data collected by University of Oklahoma-Polarimetric Radar for Innovation in Meteorology and Engineering.
C1 [Li, Yinguang; Lei, Lei] Univ Oklahoma, Sch Elect & Comp Engn, Norman, OK 73019 USA.
[Li, Yinguang; Lei, Lei] Univ Oklahoma, Adv Radar Res Ctr, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
[Zhang, Guifu] Univ Oklahoma, Sch Meteorol, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
[Zhang, Guifu; Cao, Qing] Univ Oklahoma, Adv Radar Res Ctr, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
[Doviak, Richard J.] Natl Severe Storm Lab, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
RP Li, YG (reprint author), Univ Oklahoma, Sch Elect & Comp Engn, Norman, OK 73019 USA.
EM yinguangli@ou.edu; guzhang1@ou.edu; leilei@ou.edu; qingcao@ou.edu
RI Zhang, Guifu/M-3178-2014;
OI Zhang, Guifu/0000-0002-0261-2815; Cao, Qing/0000-0001-6660-3566
FU National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Severe Storms
Laboratory [NA08OAR4320904]; National Science Foundation [AGS-1046171]
FX This work was supported in part by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration's National Severe Storms Laboratory under the cooperative
Agreement NA08OAR4320904 and the National Science Foundation under Grant
of AGS-1046171.
NR 34
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 13
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 0196-2892
J9 IEEE T GEOSCI REMOTE
JI IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing
PD APR
PY 2013
VL 51
IS 4
BP 2373
EP 2387
DI 10.1109/TGRS.2012.2209658
PN 2
PG 15
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Remote
Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science
& Photographic Technology
GA 137HY
UT WOS:000318427500019
ER
PT J
AU Rosotti, GP
Ercolano, B
Owen, JE
Armitage, PJ
AF Rosotti, Giovanni P.
Ercolano, Barbara
Owen, James E.
Armitage, Philip J.
TI The interplay between X-ray photoevaporation and planet formation
SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
DE accretion, accretion discs; hydrodynamics; protoplanetary discs
ID MAIN-SEQUENCE STARS; T TAURI DISKS; PROTOPLANETARY DISKS;
PRETRANSITIONAL DISKS; CIRCUMSTELLAR DISKS; EXTREME-ULTRAVIOLET;
TRANSITIONAL DISKS; ACCRETION DISCS; DUST FILTRATION; FAR-ULTRAVIOLET
AB We assess the potential of planet formation instigating the early formation of a photoevaporation-driven gap, up to radii larger than typical for photoevaporation alone. For our investigation we make use of hydrodynamic models of photoevaporating discs with a giant planet embedded. We find that by reducing the mass accretion flow on to the star, discs that form giant planets will be dispersed at earlier times than discs without planets by X-ray photoevaporation. By clearing the portion of the disc inner of the planet orbital radius, planet formation induced photoevaporation (PIPE) is able to produce transition discs that for a given mass accretion rate have larger holes when compared to standard X-ray photoevaporation. This constitutes a possible route for the formation of the observed class of accreting transition discs with large holes, which are otherwise difficult to explain by planet formation or photoevaporation alone. Moreover, assuming that a planet is able to filter dust completely, PIPE produces a transition disc with a large hole and may provide a mechanism to quickly shut down accretion. This process appears to be too slow, however, to explain the observed desert in the population of transition discs with large holes and low mass accretion rates.
C1 [Rosotti, Giovanni P.] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
[Rosotti, Giovanni P.; Ercolano, Barbara] Excellence Cluster Universe, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
[Rosotti, Giovanni P.; Ercolano, Barbara] Univ Sternwarte Munchen, D-81679 Munich, Germany.
[Owen, James E.] Canadian Inst Theoret Astrophys, Toronto, ON M5S 3H8, Canada.
[Armitage, Philip J.] Univ Colorado, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Armitage, Philip J.] NIST, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Armitage, Philip J.] Univ Colorado, Dept Astrophys & Planetary Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RP Rosotti, GP (reprint author), Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, Giessenbachstr, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
EM rosotti@usm.lmu.de; ercolano@usm.lmu.de
OI Rosotti, Giovanni/0000-0003-4853-5736
FU International Max Planck Research School (IMPRS); NASA [HST-AR-12814,
NAS 5-26555]; Space Telescope Science Institute
FX GPR acknowledges the support of the International Max Planck Research
School (IMPRS) and is grateful to CITA for its hospitality during part
of this work. PJA acknowledges support from NASA under grant
HST-AR-12814 awarded by the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is
operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy,
Inc., for NASA, under contract NAS 5-26555. We would like to thank
Tilman Birnstiel for providing the viscous evolution code. We thank
Giuseppe Lodato and Cathie Clarke for interesting discussions.
NR 49
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Z9 32
U1 0
U2 1
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 0035-8711
J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC
JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc.
PD APR
PY 2013
VL 430
IS 2
BP 1392
EP 1401
DI 10.1093/mnras/sts725
PG 10
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 135FY
UT WOS:000318275000053
ER
PT J
AU Mellor, G
AF Mellor, George
TI Waves, circulation and vertical dependence
SO OCEAN DYNAMICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Surface waves; Ocean circulation; Ocean modeling; Wave radiation stress
ID RADIATION STRESS; OCEAN CIRCULATION; GRAVITY WAVES; FINITE DEPTH; SURF
ZONE; EQUATIONS; MODEL; DRIVEN; WATER
AB Longuet-Higgins and Stewart (J Fluid Mech 13:481-504, 1962; Deep-Sea Res 11:529-562, 1964) and later Phillips (1977) introduced the problem of waves incident on a beach, from deep to shallow water. From the wave energy equation and the vertically integrated continuity equation, they inferred velocities to be Stokes drift plus a return current so that the vertical integral of the combined velocities was nil. As a consequence, it can be shown that velocities of the order of Stokes drift rendered the advective term in the momentum equation negligible resulting in a simple balance between the horizontal gradients of the vertically integrated elevation and wave radiation stress terms; the latter was first derived by Longuet-Higgins and Stewart. Mellor (J Phys Oceanogr 33:1978-1989, 2003a), noting that vertically integrated continuity and momentum equations were not able to deal with three-dimensional numerical or analytical ocean models, derived a vertically dependent theory of wave-circulation interaction. It has since been partially revised and the revisions are reviewed here. The theory is comprised of the conventional, three-dimensional, continuity and momentum equations plus a vertically distributed, wave radiation stress term. When applied to the problem of waves incident on a beach with essentially zero turbulence momentum mixing, velocities are very large and the simple balance between elevation and radiation stress gradients no longer prevails. However, when turbulence mixing is reinstated, the vertically dependent radiation stresses produce vertical velocity gradients which then produce turbulent mixing; as a consequence, velocities are reduced, but are still larger by an order of magnitude compared to Stokes drift. Nevertheless, the velocity reduction is sufficient so that elevation set-down obtained from a balance between elevation gradient and radiation stress gradients is nearly coincident with that obtained by the aforementioned papers. This paper includes four appendices. The first appendix demonstrates the numerical process by which Stokes drift is excluded from the turbulence stress parameterization in the momentum equation. A second appendix determines a bottom slope criterion for the application of linear wave relations to the derivation of the wave radiation stress. The third appendix explores the possibility of generalizing results by non-dimensionalization. The final appendix applies the basic theory to a problem introduced by Bennis and Ardhuin (J Phys Oceanogr 41:2008-2012, 2011).
C1 Princeton Univ, Program Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA.
RP Mellor, G (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Program Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Sayre Hall,Forrestal Campus, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA.
EM glmellor@princeton.edu
NR 26
TC 11
Z9 12
U1 3
U2 23
PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG
PI HEIDELBERG
PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY
SN 1616-7341
EI 1616-7228
J9 OCEAN DYNAM
JI Ocean Dyn.
PD APR
PY 2013
VL 63
IS 4
BP 447
EP 457
DI 10.1007/s10236-013-0601-9
PG 11
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA 138NP
UT WOS:000318515600008
ER
PT J
AU Fagan, JA
Zheng, M
Rastogi, V
Simpson, JR
Khripin, CY
Batista, CAS
Walker, ARH
AF Fagan, Jeffrey A.
Zheng, Ming
Rastogi, Vinayak
Simpson, Jeffrey R.
Khripin, Constantine Y.
Batista, Carlos A. Silvera
Walker, Angela R. Hight
TI Analyzing Surfactant Structures on Length and Chirality Resolved (6,5)
Single-Wall Carbon Nanotubes by Analytical Ultracentrifugation
SO ACS NANO
LA English
DT Article
DE carbon nanotube; analytical ultracentrifugation; SWCNT; bile salt
ID DENSITY-GRADIENT ULTRACENTRIFUGATION; GOLD NANOPARTICLES;
OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; SIZE-DISTRIBUTION; SEPARATION; FRACTIONATION;
DISPERSION; DIFFERENTIATION; DISTRIBUTIONS; ENRICHMENT
AB The structure and density of the bound interfacial surfactant layer and associated hydration shell were investigated using analytical ultracentrifugation for length and chirality purified (6,5) single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) in three different bile salt surfactant solutions. The differences in the chemical structures of the surfactants significantly affect the size and density of the bound surfactant layers. As probed by exchange of a common parent nanotube population into sodium deoxycholate, sodium cholate, or sodium taurodeoxycholate solutions, the anhydrous density of the nanotubes was least for the sodium taurodeoxycholate surfactant, and the absolute sedimentation velocities greatest for the sodium diolate and sodium taurodeoxycholate surfactants. These results suggest that the thickest interfacial layer is formed by the deoxycholate, and that the taurodeoxycholate packs more densely than either sodium cholate or deoxycholate. These structural differences correlate well to an observed 25% increase in fluorescence intensity relative to the cholate surfactant for deoxycholate and taurodeoxycholate dispersed SWCNTs displaying equivalent absorbance spectra. Separate sedimentation velocity experiments including the density modifying agent iodixanol were used to establish the buoyant density of the (6,5) SWCNT in each of the bile salt surfactants; from the difference in the buoyant and anhydrous densities, the largest hydrated diameter is observed for sodium deoxycholate. Understanding the effects of dispersant choice and the methodology for measurement of the interfacial density and hydrated diameter is critical for rationally advancing separation strategies and applications of nanotubes.
C1 [Fagan, Jeffrey A.; Zheng, Ming; Rastogi, Vinayak; Khripin, Constantine Y.; Batista, Carlos A. Silvera] NIST, Mat Sci & Engn Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Simpson, Jeffrey R.] Towson Univ, Dept Phys Astron & Geosci, Towson, MD 21252 USA.
[Walker, Angela R. Hight] NIST, Semicond & Dimens Metrol Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Fagan, JA (reprint author), NIST, Mat Sci & Engn Div, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM jeffrey.fagan@nist.gov
RI Hight Walker, Angela/C-3373-2009;
OI Hight Walker, Angela/0000-0003-1385-0672; Fagan,
Jeffrey/0000-0003-1483-5554
FU National Research Council
FX C. Khripin thanks support of a National Research Council Postdoctoral
fellowship.
NR 60
TC 34
Z9 34
U1 9
U2 97
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1936-0851
EI 1936-086X
J9 ACS NANO
JI ACS Nano
PD APR
PY 2013
VL 7
IS 4
BP 3373
EP 3387
DI 10.1021/nn4002165
PG 15
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience &
Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science
GA 133MU
UT WOS:000318143300052
PM 23530719
ER
PT J
AU Wang, DH
Liu, Y
Zhu, P
Yin, JF
Li, XF
Tao, WK
AF Wang Donghai
Liu Ying
Zhu Ping
Yin Jinfang
Li Xiaofan
Tao Wei-Kuo
TI Cloud microphysical budget associated with torrential rainfall during
the landfall of severe tropical storm Bilis (2006)
SO ACTA METEOROLOGICA SINICA
LA English
DT Article
DE cloud radiation effects; cloud-radiation interaction; ice clouds; cloud
microphysical budget; torrential rainfall
ID MICROSCALE STRUCTURE; STRATIFORM REGIONS; FRONTAL RAINBANDS;
PRECIPITATION; RADIATION; MESOSCALE; RESPONSES; WATER; ORGANIZATION;
CONVECTION
AB Effects of vertical wind shear, radiation, and ice clouds on cloud microphysical budget associated with torrential rainfall during landfall of severe tropical storm Bilis (2006) are investigated by using a series of analysis of two-day grid-scale sensitivity experiment data. When upper-tropospheric upward motions and lower-tropospheric downward motions occur on 15 July 2006, the removal of vertical wind shear and ice clouds increases rainfall contributions from the rainfall type (CM) associated with positive net condensation and hydrometeor loss/convergence, whereas the exclusion of cloud radiative effects and cloud-radiation interaction reduces rainfall contribution from CM. The elimination of vertical wind shear and cloud-radiation interaction increases rainfall contribution from the rainfall type (Cm) associated with positive net condensation and hydrometeor gain/divergence, but the removal of cloud radiative effects and ice clouds decreases rainfall contribution from Cm. The enhancements in rainfall contribution from the rainfall type (cM) associated with negative net condensation and hydrometeor loss/convergence are caused by the exclusion of cloud radiative effects, cloud-radiation interaction and ice clouds, whereas the reduction in rainfall contribution from cM results from the removal of vertical wind shear. When upward motions appear throughout the troposphere on 16 July, the exclusion of all these effects increases rainfall contribution from CM, but generally decreases rainfall contributions from Cm and cM.
C1 [Wang Donghai; Liu Ying; Yin Jinfang] Chinese Acad Meteorol Sci, State Key Lab Severe Weather, Beijing 100081, Peoples R China.
[Wang Donghai] Sci Syst & Applicat Inc, Lanham, MD 20706 USA.
[Zhu Ping] Florida Int Univ, Dept Earth & Environm, Miami, FL 33199 USA.
[Li Xiaofan] NOAA, NESDIS, Ctr Satellite Applicat & Res, Camp Springs, MD 20746 USA.
[Tao Wei-Kuo] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
RP Wang, DH (reprint author), Chinese Acad Meteorol Sci, State Key Lab Severe Weather, Beijing 100081, Peoples R China.
EM d.wang@hotmail.com
RI Li, Xiaofan/F-5605-2010; Li, Xiaofan/G-2094-2014
FU National (Key) Basic Research and Development (973) Program of China
[2012CB417204]; China Meteorological Administration [GYHY200806007,
GYHY201006014, GYHY201206039]; National Natural Science Foundation of
China [40875022, 40633016, 41175064]; State Key Laboratory of Severe
Weather, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences
FX Supported by the National (Key) Basic Research and Development (973)
Program of China (2012CB417204), China Meteorological Administration
Special Public Welfare Research Fund (GYHY200806007, GYHY201006014, and
GYHY201206039), National Natural Science Foundation of China (40875022,
40633016, and 41175064), and Basic Research Project of the State Key
Laboratory of Severe Weather, Chinese Academy of Meteorological
Sciences.
NR 26
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 6
PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG
PI HEIDELBERG
PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY
SN 0894-0525
J9 ACTA METEOROL SIN
JI Acta Meteorol. Sin.
PD APR
PY 2013
VL 27
IS 2
BP 263
EP 272
DI 10.1007/s13351-013-0210-z
PG 10
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 135PW
UT WOS:000318302000010
ER
PT J
AU Diamond, HJ
Karl, TR
Palecki, MA
Baker, CB
Bell, JE
Leeper, RD
Easterling, DR
Lawrimore, JH
Meyers, TP
Helfert, MR
Goodge, G
Thorne, PW
AF Diamond, Howard J.
Karl, Thomas R.
Palecki, Michael A.
Baker, C. Bruce
Bell, Jesse E.
Leeper, Ronald D.
Easterling, David R.
Lawrimore, Jay H.
Meyers, Tilden P.
Helfert, Michael R.
Goodge, Grant
Thorne, Peter W.
TI U.S. CLIMATE REFERENCE NETWORK AFTER ONE DECADE OF OPERATIONS STATUS AND
ASSESSMENT
SO BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID UNITED-STATES; STATION DENSITY; VALIDATION; NORMALS; TIME
C1 [Diamond, Howard J.; Karl, Thomas R.; Palecki, Michael A.; Bell, Jesse E.; Leeper, Ronald D.; Easterling, David R.; Lawrimore, Jay H.; Helfert, Michael R.; Goodge, Grant; Thorne, Peter W.] NOAA, Natl Climat Data Ctr, Asheville, NC USA.
[Baker, C. Bruce; Meyers, Tilden P.] NOAA, Atmospher Turbulence & Diffus Div, Oak Ridge, TN USA.
[Bell, Jesse E.; Leeper, Ronald D.; Thorne, Peter W.] N Carolina State Univ, Cooperat Inst Climate & Satellites, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
RP Diamond, HJ (reprint author), NOAA, Natl Climat Data Ctr, 1100 Wayne Ave,Suite 1202, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
EM howard.diamond@noaa.gov
RI Thorne, Peter/F-2225-2014; Meyers, Tilden/C-6633-2016
OI Thorne, Peter/0000-0003-0485-9798;
NR 31
TC 49
Z9 49
U1 2
U2 12
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0003-0007
J9 B AM METEOROL SOC
JI Bull. Amer. Meteorol. Soc.
PD APR
PY 2013
VL 94
IS 4
BP 485
EP 498
DI 10.1175/BAMS-D-12-00170.1
PG 14
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 132NE
UT WOS:000318074700005
ER
PT J
AU Kunkel, KE
Karl, TR
Brooks, H
Kossin, J
Lawrimore, JH
Arndt, D
Bosart, L
Changnon, D
Cutter, SL
Doesken, N
Emanuel, KY
Groisman, PY
Katz, RW
Knutson, T
O'Brien, J
Paciorek, CJ
Peterson, TC
Redmond, K
Robinson, D
Trapp, J
Vose, R
Weaver, S
Wehner, M
Wolter, K
Wuebbles, D
AF Kunkel, Kenneth E.
Karl, Thomas R.
Brooks, Harold
Kossin, James
Lawrimore, Jay H.
Arndt, Derek
Bosart, Lance
Changnon, David
Cutter, Susan L.
Doesken, Nolan
Emanuel, Kerr Y.
Groisman, Pavel Ya
Katz, Richard W.
Knutson, Thomas
O'Brien, James
Paciorek, Christopher J.
Peterson, Thomas C.
Redmond, Kelly
Robinson, David
Trapp, Jeff
Vose, Russell
Weaver, Scott
Wehner, Michael
Wolter, Klaus
Wuebbles, Donald
TI MONITORING AND UNDERSTANDING TRENDS IN EXTREME STORMS State of Knowledge
SO BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID CONTIGUOUS UNITED-STATES; NORTH-ATLANTIC; CLIMATE-CHANGE; INTENSE
PRECIPITATION; SNOWFALL DISTRIBUTIONS; SEVERE THUNDERSTORM; ARCTIC
OSCILLATION; TROPICAL CYCLONES; NATURAL HAZARDS; FREEZING RAIN
C1 [Kunkel, Kenneth E.; Karl, Thomas R.; Kossin, James; Lawrimore, Jay H.; Arndt, Derek; Groisman, Pavel Ya; Peterson, Thomas C.; Vose, Russell] NOAA, Natl Climat Data Ctr, Asheville, NC USA.
[Kunkel, Kenneth E.] N Carolina State Univ, Cooperat Inst Climate & Satellites, Asheville, NC USA.
[Brooks, Harold] NOAA, Natl Severe Storms Lab, Norman, OK 73069 USA.
[Bosart, Lance] SUNY Albany, Albany, NY 12222 USA.
[Changnon, David] No Illinois Univ, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA.
[Cutter, Susan L.] Univ S Carolina, Dept Geog, Hazards & Vulnerabil Res Inst, Columbia, SC 29208 USA.
[Doesken, Nolan] Colorado State Univ, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Emanuel, Kerr Y.] MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
[Katz, Richard W.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80307 USA.
[Knutson, Thomas] NOAA, Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, Princeton, NJ USA.
[O'Brien, James] Florida State Univ, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA.
[Paciorek, Christopher J.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Stat, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Redmond, Kelly] Univ Nevada, Desert Res Inst, Reno, NV 89506 USA.
[Robinson, David] Rutgers State Univ, New Brunswick, NJ 08903 USA.
[Trapp, Jeff] Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
[Weaver, Scott] NOAA, Climate Predict Ctr, College Pk, MD USA.
[Wehner, Michael] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Wolter, Klaus] Univ Colorado, CIRES Climate Diagnost Ctr, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Wolter, Klaus] NOAA, ESRL, Div Phys Sci, Boulder, CO USA.
[Wuebbles, Donald] Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL USA.
RP Kunkel, KE (reprint author), Cooperat Inst Climate & Satellites, 151 Patton Ave, Asheville, NC 28801 USA.
EM ken.kunkel@noaa.gov
RI Arndt, Derek/J-3022-2013; Kunkel, Kenneth/C-7280-2015; Wolter,
Klaus/D-5988-2015; Katz, Richard/K-4133-2012; Kossin, James/C-2022-2016;
OI Kunkel, Kenneth/0000-0001-6667-7047; Katz, Richard/0000-0002-0267-8953;
Kossin, James/0000-0003-0461-9794; Cutter, Susan/0000-0002-7005-8596
FU National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's Climate Program Office
Award [NA07OAR4310063]; Cooperative Institute for Climate and
Satellites-North Carolina [NA09NES4400006]; Office of Biological and
Environmental Research of the U.S. Department of Energy
[DE-AC02-05CH11231]
FX We thank Isaac Held for his helpful comments on the hurricane section.
We also thank Imke Durre, Xungang Yin, Jared Rennie, Michael Palecki,
and David Wuertz of NCDC for their analytical assistance. The four
reviewers provided valuable suggestions. This work was partially
supported by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's
Climate Program Office Award NA07OAR4310063 and through the Cooperative
Institute for Climate and Satellites-North Carolina under Cooperative
Agreement NA09NES4400006. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions are
those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of NOAA or
the institutions for which they work. Christopher Paciorek and Michael
Wehner were supported by the Office of Biological and Environmental
Research of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract
DE-AC02-05CH11231.
NR 91
TC 91
Z9 94
U1 17
U2 121
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0003-0007
EI 1520-0477
J9 B AM METEOROL SOC
JI Bull. Amer. Meteorol. Soc.
PD APR
PY 2013
VL 94
IS 4
BP 499
EP 514
DI 10.1175/BAMS-D-11-00262.1
PG 16
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 132NE
UT WOS:000318074700006
ER
PT J
AU Roebeling, R
Baum, B
Bennartz, R
Hamann, U
Heidinger, A
Thoss, A
Walther, A
AF Roebeling, Rob
Baum, Bryan
Bennartz, Ralf
Hamann, Ulrich
Heidinger, Andy
Thoss, Anke
Walther, Andi
TI EVALUATING AND IMPROVING CLOUD PARAMETER RETRIEVALS
SO BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 [Roebeling, Rob] EUMETSAT, D-64295 Darmstadt, Germany.
[Baum, Bryan; Bennartz, Ralf; Walther, Andi] Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI USA.
[Hamann, Ulrich] Royal Netherlands Meteorol Inst KNMI, De Bilt, Netherlands.
[Heidinger, Andy] NOAA, Ctr Satellite Applicat & Res, NESDIS, Madison, WI USA.
[Thoss, Anke] Swedish Meteorol & Hydrol Inst, S-60176 Norrkoping, Sweden.
RP Roebeling, R (reprint author), EUMETSAT, Eumetsat Allee 1, D-64295 Darmstadt, Germany.
EM rob.roebeling@eumetsat.int
RI Baum, Bryan/B-7670-2011; Bennartz, Ralf/F-3760-2010; Heidinger,
Andrew/F-5591-2010; Hamann, Ulrich/G-5388-2016
OI Baum, Bryan/0000-0002-7193-2767; Heidinger, Andrew/0000-0001-7631-109X;
Hamann, Ulrich/0000-0001-8091-722X
NR 3
TC 8
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 7
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0003-0007
J9 B AM METEOROL SOC
JI Bull. Amer. Meteorol. Soc.
PD APR
PY 2013
VL 94
IS 4
BP ES41
EP ES44
DI 10.1175/BAMS-D-12-00041.1
PG 4
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 132NE
UT WOS:000318074700002
ER
PT J
AU Perretti, CT
Sugihara, G
Munch, SB
AF Perretti, Charles T.
Sugihara, George
Munch, Stephan B.
TI Nonparametric forecasting outperforms parametric methods for a simulated
multispecies system
SO ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE ecosystem-based management; ecosystem modeling; forecasting; nonlinear
dynamics
ID ECOLOGICAL TIME-SERIES; POPULATION-DYNAMICS; MANAGEMENT; MODELS; CHAOS;
VARIABILITY; FLUCTUATIONS; LIMITATIONS; LIKELIHOOD; ECOPATH
AB Ecosystem dynamics are often complex, nonlinear, and characterized by critical thresholds or phase shifts. To implement sustainable management plans, resource managers need to accurately forecast species abundance. Moreover, an ecosystem-based approach to management requires forecasting the dynamics of all relevant species and the ability to anticipate indirect effects of management decisions. It is therefore crucial to determine which forecasting methods are most robust to observational and structural uncertainty. Here we describe a nonparametric method for multispecies forecasting and evaluate its performance relative to a suite of parametric models. We found that, in the presence of noise, it is often possible to obtain more accurate forecasts from the nonparametric method than from the model that was used to generate the data. The inclusion of data from additional species yielded a large improvement for the nonparametric model, a smaller improvement for the control model, and only a slight improvement for the alternative parametric models. These results suggest that flexible nonparametric modeling should be considered for ecosystem management.
C1 [Perretti, Charles T.; Sugihara, George] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
[Munch, Stephan B.] SW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Fisheries Ecol Div, Santa Cruz, CA 95066 USA.
RP Perretti, CT (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
EM cperrett@ucsd.edu
FU NMFS/Sea Grant Population Dynamics Fellowship (E/PD-9) [NA08OAR4320894];
CAMEO program; NSF [DEB 1020372]
FX We gratefully acknowledge the helpful comments of P. de Valpine, E.
Pikitch, E. Deyle, H. Ye, and three anonymous reviewers. Funding support
was provided by a NMFS/Sea Grant Population Dynamics Fellowship
(E/PD-9), grant NA08OAR4320894 from the CAMEO program (a partnership
between the NSF and NOAA), and NSF grant DEB 1020372.
NR 43
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 4
U2 52
PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0012-9658
J9 ECOLOGY
JI Ecology
PD APR
PY 2013
VL 94
IS 4
BP 794
EP 800
PG 7
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 131BF
UT WOS:000317964900004
ER
PT J
AU Johnson, DS
Conn, PB
Hooten, MB
Ray, JC
Pond, BA
AF Johnson, Devin S.
Conn, Paul B.
Hooten, Mevin B.
Ray, Justina C.
Pond, Bruce A.
TI Spatial occupancy models for large data sets
SO ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE bias; caribou; intrinsic conditionally autoregressive; occupancy model;
probit regression; Rangifer tarandus; reduced rank; spatial regression
ID BAYESIAN-ANALYSIS; WOLVERINE; BINARY; ERRORS; SCALE
AB Since its development, occupancy modeling has become a popular and useful tool for ecologists wishing to learn about the dynamics of species occurrence over time and space. Such models require presence-absence data to be collected at spatially indexed survey units. However, only recently have researchers recognized the need to correct for spatially induced overdisperison by explicitly accounting for spatial autocorrelation in occupancy probability. Previous efforts to incorporate such autocorrelation have largely focused on logit-normal formulations for occupancy, with spatial autocorrelation induced by a random effect within a hierarchical modeling framework. Although useful, computational time generally limits such an approach to relatively small data sets, and there are often problems with algorithm instability, yielding unsatisfactory results. Further, recent research has revealed a hidden form of multicollinearity in such applications, which may lead to parameter bias if not explicitly addressed. Combining several techniques, we present a unifying hierarchical spatial occupancy model specification that is particularly effective over large spatial extents. This approach employs a probit mixture framework for occupancy and can easily accommodate a reduced-dimensional spatial process to resolve issues with multicollinearity and spatial confounding while improving algorithm convergence. Using open-source software, we demonstrate this new model specification using a case study involving occupancy of caribou (Rangifer tarandus) over a set of 1080 survey units spanning a large contiguous region ( 108 000 km(2)) in northern Ontario, Canada. Overall, the combination of a more efficient specification and open-source software allows for a facile and stable implementation of spatial occupancy models for large data sets.
C1 [Johnson, Devin S.; Conn, Paul B.] NOAA, Natl Marine Mammal Lab, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
[Hooten, Mevin B.] Colorado State Univ, US Geol Survey, Colorado Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Hooten, Mevin B.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Fish Wildlife & Conservat Biol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Hooten, Mevin B.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Stat, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Ray, Justina C.] Wildlife Conservat Soc Canada, Toronto, ON M5S 2T9, Canada.
[Pond, Bruce A.] Ontario Minist Nat Resources, Wildlife Res & Dev Sect, Peterborough, ON K9J 8M5, Canada.
RP Johnson, DS (reprint author), NOAA, Natl Marine Mammal Lab, 7600 Sand Point Way NE, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
EM devin.johnson@noaa.gov
FU OMNR Species-at-Risk Research Fund for Ontario
FX The authors thank J. Hughes, J. Hodges, M. Haran, B. Reich, J. Ver Hoef,
J. Laake, and M. Kery for helpful discussion. We are grateful to Ontario
Ministry of Natural Resources (OMNR) pilots and field and science unit
staff, to Supercub pilots H. McMahan and G. Lee, L. Yesno who acted as
an observer, and to G. Woolmer, C. Stratton, and F. Hofmann for data
processing. We are indebted to the OMNR Species-at-Risk Research Fund
for Ontario for financial support. The findings and conclusions in the
paper are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the
views of the National Marine Fisheries Service, NOAA. Reference to trade
names or products does not imply endorsement by the National Marine
Fisheries Service, NOAA or the U. S. Government.
NR 34
TC 31
Z9 31
U1 7
U2 61
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0012-9658
EI 1939-9170
J9 ECOLOGY
JI Ecology
PD APR
PY 2013
VL 94
IS 4
BP 801
EP 808
PG 8
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 131BF
UT WOS:000317964900005
ER
PT J
AU McClintock, BT
Russell, DJF
Matthiopoulos, J
King, R
AF McClintock, Brett T.
Russell, Deborah J. F.
Matthiopoulos, Jason
King, Ruth
TI Combining individual animal movement and ancillary biotelemetry data to
investigate population-level activity budgets
SO ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE animal location data; harbor seal; hierarchical model; movement model;
state-space model; switching behavior; telemetry
ID STATE-SPACE MODELS; TELEMETRY DATA; RANDOM-WALKS; HARBOR SEAL; PATTERNS;
BEHAVIOR; ECOLOGY; TACTICS
AB Recent technological advances have permitted the collection of detailed animal location and ancillary biotelemetry data that facilitate inference about animal movement and associated behaviors. However, these rich sources of individual information, location, and biotelemetry data, are typically analyzed independently, with population-level inferences remaining largely post hoc. We describe a hierarchical modeling approach, which is able to integrate location and ancillary biotelemetry (e. g., physiological or accelerometer) data from many individuals. We can thus obtain robust estimates of (1) population-level movement parameters and (2) activity budgets for a set of behaviors among which animals transition as they respond to changes in their internal and external environment. Measurement error and missing data are easily accommodated using a state-space formulation of the proposed hierarchical model. Using Bayesian analysis methods, we demonstrate our modeling approach with location and dive activity data from 17 harbor seals (Phoca vitulina) in the United Kingdom. Based jointly on movement and diving activity, we identified three distinct movement behavior states: resting, foraging, and transit, and estimated population-level activity budgets to these three states. Because harbor seals are known to dive for both foraging and transit (but not usually for resting), we compared these results to a similar population-level analysis utilizing only location data. We found that a large proportion of time steps were mischaracterized when behavior states were inferred from horizontal trajectory alone, with 33% of time steps exhibiting a majority of dive activity assigned to the resting state. Only 1% of these time steps were assigned to resting when inferred from both trajectory and dive activity data using our integrated modeling approach. There is mounting evidence of the potential perils of inferring animal behavior based on trajectory alone, but there fortunately now exist many flexible analytical techniques for extracting more out of the increasing wealth of information afforded by recent advances in biologging technology.
C1 [McClintock, Brett T.] NOAA, Natl Marine Mammal Lab, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
[Russell, Deborah J. F.] Univ St Andrews, Sea Mammal Res Unit, St Andrews KY16 8LB, Fife, Scotland.
[Russell, Deborah J. F.; King, Ruth] Univ St Andrews, Ctr Res Ecol & Environm Modelling, St Andrews KY16 9LZ, Fife, Scotland.
[Russell, Deborah J. F.; King, Ruth] Univ St Andrews, Sch Math & Stat, St Andrews KY16 9LZ, Fife, Scotland.
[Matthiopoulos, Jason] Univ Glasgow, Inst Biodivers Anim Hlth & Comparat Med, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Lanark, Scotland.
RP McClintock, BT (reprint author), NOAA, Natl Marine Mammal Lab, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, 7600 Sand Point Way NE, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
EM brett.mcclintock@noaa.gov
RI Matthiopoulos, Jason/N-9808-2013; Logger, Satellite/C-1379-2010
FU Engineering and Physical Science Research Council; U.K. Department of
Energy and Climate Change as part of their Offshore Energy Strategic
Environmental Assessment program
FX We thank B. McConnell, D. Thompson, and P. Hammond for use of their
data; B. McConnell, D. Thompson, P. Conn, D. Johnson, and J. London for
helpful discussions; and S. Moss and M. Bivins for fieldwork. Data
collection was supported by the Scottish Natural Heritage, Marine
Scotland Science, Hampshire and Isle of Wight Wildlife Trust, and
Chichester Harbour Conservancy. Some of this research was undertaken
while B. McClintock was funded by the Engineering and Physical Science
Research Council. D. Russell is funded by the U.K. Department of Energy
and Climate Change as part of their Offshore Energy Strategic
Environmental Assessment program. The findings and conclusions in the
paper are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily represent the
views of the National Marine Fisheries Service, NOAA. Any use of trade,
product, or firm names does not imply an endorsement by the U.S.
Government.
NR 26
TC 23
Z9 23
U1 4
U2 70
PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0012-9658
J9 ECOLOGY
JI Ecology
PD APR
PY 2013
VL 94
IS 4
BP 838
EP 849
PG 12
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 131BF
UT WOS:000317964900009
ER
PT J
AU Hart, DR
AF Hart, Deborah R.
TI Quantifying the tradeoff between precaution and yield in fishery
reference points
SO ICES JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE fishery reference points; marine protected areas; MSY; stochastic model;
risk assessment; scallop; Placopecten magellanicus
ID BIOLOGICAL REFERENCE POINTS; PER-RECRUIT ANALYSIS; SCALLOP
PLACOPECTEN-MAGELLANICUS; PROBABILITY-BASED APPROACH; ATLANTIC SEA
SCALLOP; INCORPORATING UNCERTAINTY; PARAMETER UNCERTAINTY; MARINE
RESERVES; GIANT SCALLOP; MANAGEMENT
AB A method using Monte Carlo simulations for estimating fishery reference points that accounts for parameter uncertainty is presented. Uncertainties in the input parameters of yield-per-recruit and stock-recruit analyses are propagated to estimate uncertainty in reference points such as F-MSY. These uncertainties are used to evaluate the tradeoffs between the risks of overfishing and stock collapse, and the cost of reduced expected yield due to setting fishing mortality below F-MSY. At fishing mortalities near F-MSY, reduction in fishing mortality substantially decreases the probability of overfishing and stock collapse in exchange for slightly reduced expected yield. At lower fishing mortality rates, the marginal benefit (in terms of lessened risk of overfishing and stock collapse) from further reductions in fishing mortality is less, and the cost in forgone yield is greater. Less resilient "low steepness" stocks require additional precaution due to the risk of complete population collapse. Marine protected areas can also reduce risks of collapse, but at a higher cost in terms of expected yield than effort reduction. Implementation uncertainty (i.e. uncertainty in achieving a fishing mortality target) increases the risk of overfishing as well the loss of yield due to precaution, except at fishing mortalities near or above F-MSY.
C1 Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Northeast Fisheries Sci Ctr, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
RP Hart, DR (reprint author), Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Northeast Fisheries Sci Ctr, 166 Water St, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
EM Deborah.Hart@noaa.gov
NR 48
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 1
U2 23
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 1054-3139
J9 ICES J MAR SCI
JI ICES J. Mar. Sci.
PD APR
PY 2013
VL 70
IS 3
BP 591
EP 603
DI 10.1093/icesjms/fss204
PG 13
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
GA 132UC
UT WOS:000318093200010
ER
PT J
AU Hernandez, KM
Risch, D
Cholewiak, DM
Dean, MJ
Hatch, LT
Hoffman, WS
Rice, AN
Zemeckis, D
Van Parijs, SM
AF Hernandez, Keith M.
Risch, Denise
Cholewiak, Danielle M.
Dean, Micah J.
Hatch, Leila T.
Hoffman, William S.
Rice, Aaron N.
Zemeckis, Douglas
Van Parijs, Sofie M.
TI Acoustic monitoring of Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) in Massachusetts Bay:
implications for management and conservation
SO ICES JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE Atlantic cod; Gadus morhua; Gulf of Maine; passive acoustic monitoring;
spawning behaviour
ID SOUND PRODUCTION; PASSIVE ACOUSTICS; FISHERIES SCIENCE; SPAWNING COD;
FISH; AGGREGATION; RECRUITMENT; PATTERNS; FLORIDA; MAINE
AB Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) stocks in northeastern US waters are depleted and stock recovery has been slow; research into the spawning behaviour of this species can help inform conservation and management measures. Male cod produce low-frequency grunts during courtship and spawning. Passive acoustic monitoring (PAM) offers a different perspective from which to investigate the occurrence, spatial extent and duration of spawning cod aggregations. A marine autonomous recording unit was deployed in the "Spring Cod Conservation Zone" (SCCZ) located in Massachusetts Bay, western Atlantic, to record cod grunts from April-June 2011. Cod grunts were present on 98.67% of the recording days (n = 75 days). They occurred across all 24 h, although significantly more grunts were found during the day than night-time (p = 0.0065). Grunt durations ranged from 57-360 ms, and the fundamental frequency and second harmonic had mean peak frequencies of 49.7 +/- 5.6 and 102.9 Hz +/- 10.9 sd, respectively. Cod grunt rates were low compared with those reported for other spawning fish, and may be indicative of diel movement patterns. Next steps will focus on expanding PAM coverage within the SCCZ, alongside prospecting for unknown spawning grounds within existing archival data.
C1 [Hernandez, Keith M.; Risch, Denise; Cholewiak, Danielle M.] Integrated Stat, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
[Hernandez, Keith M.; Risch, Denise; Cholewiak, Danielle M.; Van Parijs, Sofie M.] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Northeast Fisheries Sci Ctr, Protected Species Branch, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
[Dean, Micah J.; Hoffman, William S.] Massachusetts Div Marine Fisheries, Annisquam River Marine Fisheries Field Stn, Gloucester, MA 01930 USA.
[Hatch, Leila T.] NOAA, Natl Ocean Serv, Off Natl Marine Sanctuaries, Stellwagen Bank Natl Marine Sanctuary, Scituate, MA 02066 USA.
[Rice, Aaron N.] Cornell Univ, Ornithol Lab, Bioacoust Res Program, Ithaca, NY 14850 USA.
[Zemeckis, Douglas] Univ Massachusetts, Sch Marine Sci & Technol, Fairhaven, MA 02719 USA.
RP Hernandez, KM (reprint author), Moss Landing Marine Labs, Vertebrate Ecol Lab, 8272 Moss Landing Rd, Moss Landing, CA 95039 USA.
EM khernandez@mlml.calstate.edu
OI Rice, Aaron/0000-0002-8598-9705
FU National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's Ocean Acoustics
program
FX Funding for logistical and analytical support was provided through
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's Ocean Acoustics
program.
NR 51
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 5
U2 44
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 1054-3139
EI 1095-9289
J9 ICES J MAR SCI
JI ICES J. Mar. Sci.
PD APR
PY 2013
VL 70
IS 3
BP 628
EP 635
DI 10.1093/icesjms/fst003
PG 8
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
GA 132UC
UT WOS:000318093200013
ER
PT J
AU Lakshmanan, V
Miller, M
Smith, T
AF Lakshmanan, Valliappa
Miller, Madison
Smith, Travis
TI Quality Control of Accumulated Fields by Applying Spatial and Temporal
Constraints
SO JOURNAL OF ATMOSPHERIC AND OCEANIC TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID ALGORITHM; TRACKING; IDENTIFICATION; METHODOLOGY; ASSIGNMENT
AB Accumulating gridded fields over time greatly magnifies the impact of impulse noise in the individual grids. A quality control method that takes advantage of spatial and temporal coherence can reduce the impact of such noise in accumulation grids. Such a method can be implemented using the image processing techniques of hysteresis and multiple hypothesis tracking (MHT). These steps are described in this paper, and the method is applied to simulated data to quantify the improvements and to explain the effect of various parameters. Finally, the quality control technique is applied to some illustrative real-world datasets.
C1 [Lakshmanan, Valliappa; Miller, Madison; Smith, Travis] Univ Oklahoma, CIMMS, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
[Lakshmanan, Valliappa; Smith, Travis] NOAA, Natl Severe Storms Lab, Norman, OK 73069 USA.
[Miller, Madison] Univ Oklahoma, Sch Meteorol, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
RP Lakshmanan, V (reprint author), Univ Oklahoma, CIMMS, 120 David L Boren Blvd, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
EM lakshman@ou.edu
FU NOAA-OU [NA17RJ1227]
FX Funding for the authors was provided under NOAA-OU Cooperative Agreement
NA17RJ1227. We wish to thank Kiel Ortega for providing the SHAVE data
used in Fig. 7; Kiel Ortega, Brandon Smith, and Gabe Garfield for the
damage survey shown in Fig. 8; and the Oklahoma Mesonet for providing
the surface observations used in Fig. 9.
NR 17
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 3
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0739-0572
J9 J ATMOS OCEAN TECH
JI J. Atmos. Ocean. Technol.
PD APR
PY 2013
VL 30
IS 4
BP 745
EP 758
DI 10.1175/JTECH-D-12-00128.1
PG 14
WC Engineering, Ocean; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Engineering; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 130YF
UT WOS:000317955700007
ER
PT J
AU Goes, M
Goni, G
Keller, K
AF Goes, Marlos
Goni, Gustavo
Keller, Klaus
TI Reducing Biases in XBT Measurements by Including Discrete Information
from Pressure Switches
SO JOURNAL OF ATMOSPHERIC AND OCEANIC TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID EXPENDABLE BATHYTHERMOGRAPH XBT; SEA-LEVEL RISE; FALL-RATE; DEPTH;
TEMPERATURE; OCEAN; PROFILES; IMPACT; ERROR; T-7
AB Biases in the depth estimation of expendable bathythermograph (XBT) measurements cause considerable errors in oceanic estimates of climate variables. Efforts are currently underway to improve XBT probes by including pressure switches. Information from these pressure measurements can be used to minimize errors in the XBT depth estimation. This paper presents a simple method to correct the XBT depth biases using a number of discrete pressure measurements. A blend of controlled simulations of XBT measurements and collocated XBT/CTD data is used along with statistical methods to estimate error parameters, and to optimize the use of pressure switches in terms of number of switches, optimal depth detection, and errors in the pressure switch measurements to most efficiently correct XBT profiles. The results show that given the typical XBT depth biases, using just two pressure switches is a reliable strategy for reducing depth errors, as it uses the least number of switches for an improved accuracy and reduces the variance of the resulting correction. Using only one pressure switch efficiently corrects XBT depth errors when the surface depth offset is small, its optimal location is at middepth (around or below 300 m), and the pressure switch measurement errors are insignificant. If two pressure switches are used, then results indicate that the measurements should be taken in the lower thermocline and deeper in the profile, at approximately 80 and 600 m, respectively, with an RMSE of approximately 1.6 m for pressure errors of 1 m.
C1 [Goes, Marlos] Univ Miami, Cooperat Inst Marine & Atmospher Studies, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
[Goes, Marlos; Goni, Gustavo] NOAA, Atlantic Oceanog & Meteorol Lab, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
[Keller, Klaus] Penn State Univ, Dept Geosci, State Coll, PA USA.
[Keller, Klaus] Earth & Environm Syst Inst, State Coll, PA USA.
RP Goes, M (reprint author), Univ Miami, Rosenstiel Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, Cooperat Inst Marine & Atmospher Studies, 4600 Rickenbacker Causeway, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
EM mgoes@rsmas.miami.edu
RI Goes, Marlos/B-4273-2011; Keller, Klaus/A-6742-2013; Goni,
Gustavo/D-2017-2012
OI Goes, Marlos/0000-0001-5874-8079; Goni, Gustavo/0000-0001-7093-3170
FU NOAA Climate Program Office; Cooperative Institute for Marine and
Atmospheric Studies (CIMAS), a cooperative institute of the University
of Miami and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
[NA17RJ1226]
FX The authors thank Pedro DiNezio for the interesting discussions and
support with the collocated data, the PNE crew for collecting the
collocated profiles, and Chris Meinen and Libby Johns for revising the
manuscript. This research was carried out under the auspices of the
Cooperative Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Studies (CIMAS), a
cooperative institute of the University of Miami and the National
Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Cooperative Agreement
NA17RJ1226, and was partly funded by the NOAA Climate Program Office.
NR 32
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 3
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0739-0572
J9 J ATMOS OCEAN TECH
JI J. Atmos. Ocean. Technol.
PD APR
PY 2013
VL 30
IS 4
BP 810
EP 824
DI 10.1175/JTECH-D-12-00126.1
PG 15
WC Engineering, Ocean; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Engineering; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 130YF
UT WOS:000317955700010
ER
PT J
AU Reynolds, RW
Chelton, DB
Roberts-Jones, J
Martin, MJ
Menemenlis, D
Merchant, CJ
AF Reynolds, Richard W.
Chelton, Dudley B.
Roberts-Jones, Jonah
Martin, Matthew J.
Menemenlis, Dimitris
Merchant, Christopher John
TI Objective Determination of Feature Resolution in Two Sea Surface
Temperature Analyses
SO JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
LA English
DT Article
ID OCEAN; MODEL; CLIMATE
AB Considerable effort is presently being devoted to producing high-resolution sea surface temperature (SST) analyses with a goal of spatial grid resolutions as low as 1 km. Because grid resolution is not the same as feature resolution, a method is needed to objectively determine the resolution capability and accuracy of SST analysis products. Ocean model SST fields are used in this study as simulated "true'' SST data and subsampled based on actual infrared and microwave satellite data coverage. The subsampled data are used to simulate sampling errors due to missing data. Two different SST analyses are considered and run using both the full and the subsampled model SST fields, with and without additional noise. The results are compared as a function of spatial scales of variability using wavenumber auto-and cross-spectral analysis.
The spectral variance at high wavenumbers (smallest wavelengths) is shown to be attenuated relative to the true SST because of smoothing that is inherent to both analysis procedures. Comparisons of the two analyses (both having grid sizes of roughly 1/20 degrees) show important differences. One analysis tends to reproduce small-scale features more accurately when the high-resolution data coverage is good but produces more spurious small-scale noise when the high-resolution data coverage is poor. Analysis procedures can thus generate small-scale features with and without data, but the small-scale features in an SST analysis may be just noise when high-resolution data are sparse. Users must therefore be skeptical of high-resolution SST products, especially in regions where high-resolution ( similar to 5 km) infrared satellite data are limited because of cloud cover.
C1 [Reynolds, Richard W.] N Carolina State Univ, Cooperat Inst Climate & Satellites, Asheville, NC USA.
[Reynolds, Richard W.] NOAA, Natl Climat Data Ctr, Asheville, NC 28801 USA.
[Chelton, Dudley B.] Oregon State Univ, Coll Ocean & Atmospher Sci, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[Chelton, Dudley B.] Oregon State Univ, Cooperat Inst Oceanog Satellite Studies, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[Roberts-Jones, Jonah; Martin, Matthew J.] Met Off, Exeter, Devon, England.
[Menemenlis, Dimitris] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA USA.
[Merchant, Christopher John] Univ Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland.
RP Reynolds, RW (reprint author), NOAA, Cooperat Inst Climate & Satellites, 151 Patton Ave, Asheville, NC 28801 USA.
EM richard.w.reynolds@noaa.gov
RI Merchant, Christopher/E-1180-2014
OI Merchant, Christopher/0000-0003-4687-9850
FU NOAA's Climate Data Record Program; NCDC; NOAA/Climate Program Office;
NASA Grant through Oregon State University [NS214A]; European Community
[283367]; NASA
FX This work was funded in part by NOAA's Climate Data Record Program,
managed by the National Climatic Data Center. We are grateful to NCDC
and the NOAA/Climate Program Office, which provided partial support for
this work. The graphics for all of the figures were computed using the
Grid Analysis and Display System (GrADS; available online at
http://grads.iges.org/grads) and finalized by the NCDC Graphics
Department. Both DCB and RWR were partially supported by NASA Grant
NS214A funded through Oregon State University. The research of JRJ and
MJM leading to these results has received funding from the European
Community's Seventh Framework Programme FP7/2007-2013 under Grant
Agreement 283367 (MyOcean 2). DM performed this work at the Jet
Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under
contract with NASA.
NR 19
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 14
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0894-8755
J9 J CLIMATE
JI J. Clim.
PD APR
PY 2013
VL 26
IS 8
BP 2514
EP 2533
DI 10.1175/JCLI-D-12-00787.1
PG 20
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 130XX
UT WOS:000317954700007
ER
PT J
AU Banzon, VF
Reynolds, RW
AF Banzon, Viva F.
Reynolds, Richard W.
TI Use of WindSat to Extend a Microwave-Based Daily Optimum Interpolation
Sea Surface Temperature Time Series
SO JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
LA English
DT Article
AB The NOAA 1/4 degrees daily optimum interpolation sea surface temperature analysis (DOISST) is available either as a 31-yr (from 1981 onward) time series based on Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) observations or as a 9-yr (2002-11) time series that incorporates additional data from the Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer (AMSR) on the Earth Observing System (EOS) platform. In October 2011, AVHRR+AMSR DOISST production was discontinued when the AMSR instrument lost its capability to collect daily, global-coverage data. Sea surface temperatures from the follow-up AMSR2 instrument will not be available until mid-2013. To ensure an uninterrupted consistent long-term microwave-based DOISST time series, this study tested the feasibility of bridging the gap between AMSR and AMSR2 using WindSat Polarimetric Radiometer (WSAT) data. Comparison of WSAT and AMSR SST data during their period of overlap from 2004 to 2011 showed temporal gaps were common for WSAT, especially before 2009. The WSAT daily spatial coverage was slightly inferior to AMSR but still far superior to AVHRR. When satellite SSTs were bias adjusted with respect to in situ data, the resulting AMSR-and WSAT-only analyses were very similar. Monthly zonal averages agreed to within 0.1 K, except when WSAT data were continuously missing for over three weeks. However, if satellite SSTs were not bias adjusted prior to analysis, seasonally varying zonal average differences were observed, with maxima of similar to 0.3 K occurring at midlatitudes. Thus, WSAT can be used to continue the microwave-based DOISST time series because the methodology compensates for the different equatorial crossing times of the two satellites.
C1 [Banzon, Viva F.] NOAA, Natl Climat Data Ctr, NESDIS, Asheville, NC 28801 USA.
[Reynolds, Richard W.] Cooperat Inst Climate & Satellites, Asheville, NC USA.
RP Banzon, VF (reprint author), NOAA, Natl Climat Data Ctr, NESDIS, 151 Patton Ave, Asheville, NC 28801 USA.
EM viva.banzon@noaa.gov
RI Banzon, Viva/D-5499-2014
FU NASA Earth Science MEaSUREs DISCOVER Project; National Science
Foundation (NSF); AMSR-E Science Team; NASA Earth Science Physical
Oceanography Program
FX The AMSR-E and WindSAT SSTs are produced by Remote Sensing Systems under
the sponsorship of the NASA Earth Science MEaSUREs DISCOVER Project, the
AMSR-E Science Team, and the NASA Earth Science Physical Oceanography
Program. The WindSat temperature data record is provided to RSS by Peter
Gaiser at the Naval Research Laboratory in Washington, D.C. The ICOADS
data are from the Research Data Archive (RDA), which is maintained by
the Computational and Information Systems Laboratory (CISL) at the
National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR). NCAR is sponsored by
the National Science Foundation (NSF). The original ICOADS data are
available from the research data archive (http://rda.ucar.edu) in
dataset ds540.0. The comments of Dr. Deborah Smith at Remote Sensing
Systems and two anonymous reviewers helped improve the manuscript with
their excellent comments.
NR 7
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 11
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0894-8755
J9 J CLIMATE
JI J. Clim.
PD APR
PY 2013
VL 26
IS 8
BP 2557
EP 2562
DI 10.1175/JCLI-D-12-00628.1
PG 6
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 130XX
UT WOS:000317954700010
ER
PT J
AU Hu, ZZ
Kumar, A
Ren, HL
Wang, H
L'Heureux, M
Jin, FF
AF Hu, Zeng-Zhen
Kumar, Arun
Ren, Hong-Li
Wang, Hui
L'Heureux, Michelle
Jin, Fei-Fei
TI Weakened Interannual Variability in the Tropical Pacific Ocean since
2000
SO JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
LA English
DT Article
ID NINO-SOUTHERN OSCILLATION; COUPLED CLIMATE MODELS; EL-NINO; ATMOSPHERE
INTERACTION; SURFACE-TEMPERATURE; DECADAL VARIABILITY; RECHARGE
PARADIGM; CONCEPTUAL-MODEL; UNIFIED VIEW; ENSO
AB An interdecadal shift in the variability and mean state of the tropical Pacific Ocean is investigated within the context of changes in El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO). Compared with 1979-99, the interannual variability in the tropical Pacific was significantly weaker in 2000-11, and this shift can be seen by coherent changes in both the tropical atmosphere and ocean. For example, the equatorial thermocline tilt became steeper during 2000-11, which was consistent with positive (negative) sea surface temperature anomalies, increased (decreased) precipitation, and enhanced (suppressed) convection in the western (central and eastern) tropical Pacific, which reflected an intensification of the Walker circulation.
The combination of a steeper thermocline slope with stronger surface trade winds is proposed to have hampered the eastward migration of the warm water along the equatorial Pacific. As a consequence, the variability of the warm water volume was reduced and thus ENSO amplitude also decreased. Sensitivity experiments with the Zebiak-Cane model confirm the link between thermocline slope, wind stress, and the amplitude of ENSO.
C1 [Hu, Zeng-Zhen; Kumar, Arun; Wang, Hui; L'Heureux, Michelle] NOAA, NWS, NCEP, Climate Predict Ctr, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
[Ren, Hong-Li; Jin, Fei-Fei] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Dept Meteorol, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
[Ren, Hong-Li] China Meteorol Adm, Natl Climate Ctr, Lab Climate Studies, Beijing, Peoples R China.
[Wang, Hui] WYLE Sci Technol & Engn Grp, Mclean, VA USA.
RP Hu, ZZ (reprint author), NOAA, NWS, NCEP, Climate Predict Ctr, 5830 Univ Res Court, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
EM zeng-zhen.hu@noaa.gov
RI Hu, Zeng-Zhen/B-4373-2011; Wang, Hui/B-6516-2008
OI Hu, Zeng-Zhen/0000-0002-8485-3400;
FU DOE [DE-SC0005110]; 973 Program of China [2010CB950404]; NOAA
[NA10OAR4310200]; National Science Foundation [ATM 1034798]
FX We appreciate the comments and suggestions from the reviewers, as well
as Soon-II An, Rong-Hua Zhang, Wanqiu Wang, Peitao Peng, Caihong Wen,
and Jian Li. Ren and Jin are supported by DOE Grant DE-SC0005110, the
973 Program of China (2010CB950404), NOAA Grant NA10OAR4310200, and
National Science Foundation Grant ATM 1034798.
NR 51
TC 31
Z9 31
U1 0
U2 13
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0894-8755
J9 J CLIMATE
JI J. Clim.
PD APR
PY 2013
VL 26
IS 8
BP 2601
EP 2613
DI 10.1175/JCLI-D-12-00265.1
PG 13
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 130XX
UT WOS:000317954700013
ER
PT J
AU Knaff, JA
DeMaria, M
Sampson, CR
Peak, JE
Cummings, J
Schubert, WH
AF Knaff, John A.
DeMaria, Mark
Sampson, Charles R.
Peak, James E.
Cummings, James
Schubert, Wayne H.
TI Upper Oceanic Energy Response to Tropical Cyclone Passage
SO JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
LA English
DT Article
ID SEA-SURFACE TEMPERATURE; WESTERN NORTH PACIFIC; INTENSITY PREDICTION
SCHEME; ENVIRONMENTAL-CONDITIONS; HURRICANE GILBERT; MAXIMUM INTENSITY;
THERMAL STRUCTURE; DATA ASSIMILATION; PART I; VARIABILITY
AB The upper oceanic temporal response to tropical cyclone (TC) passage is investigated using a 6-yr daily record of data-driven analyses of two measures of upper ocean energy content based on the U.S. Navy's Coupled Ocean Data Assimilation System and TC best-track records. Composite analyses of these data at points along the TC track are used to investigate the type, magnitude, and persistence of upper ocean response to TC passage, and to infer relationships between routinely available TC information and the upper ocean response. Upper oceanic energy decreases in these metrics are shown to persist for at least 30 days-long enough to possibly affect future TCs. Results also indicate that TC kinetic energy (KE) should be considered when assessing TC impacts on the upper ocean, and that existing TC best-track structure information, which is used here to estimate KE, is sufficient for such endeavors. Analyses also lead to recommendations concerning metrics of upper ocean energy. Finally, parameterizations for the lagged, along-track, upper ocean response to TC passage are developed. These show that the sea surface temperature (SST) is best related to the KE and the latitude whereas the upper ocean energy is a function of KE, initial upper ocean energy conditions, and translation speed. These parameterizations imply that the 10-day lagged SST cooling is approximately 0.7 degrees C for a "typical'' TC at 30 degrees latitude, whereas the same storm results in 10-day (30-day) lagged decreases of upper oceanic energy by about 12 (7) kJ cm(-2) and a 0.5 degrees C (0.3 degrees C) cooling of the top 100 m of ocean.
C1 [Knaff, John A.; DeMaria, Mark] NOAA, NESDIS, Reg & Mesoscale Meteorol Branch, Ft Collins, CO USA.
[Sampson, Charles R.; Peak, James E.; Cummings, James] USN, Res Lab, Monterey, CA USA.
[Schubert, Wayne H.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Atmospher Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
RP Knaff, JA (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, NOAA, NESDIS, RAMMB, Campus Delivery 1375, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
EM john.knaff@noaa.gov
RI Knaff, John /F-5599-2010; DeMaria, Mark/F-5583-2010
OI Knaff, John /0000-0003-0427-1409;
FU Office of Naval Research; NOAA's Hurricane Forecast Improvement Program
through the National Ocean Partnership Program
FX The views, opinions, and findings contained in this report are those of
the authors and should not be construed as an official National Oceanic
and Atmospheric Administration or U.S. government position, policy, or
decision. The authors thank Chris Landsea and the other two anonymous
reviewers for their constructive comments and for ultimately improving
the original manuscript. This work is funded by the Office of Naval
Research and NOAA's Hurricane Forecast Improvement Program through the
National Ocean Partnership Program.
NR 53
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 1
U2 19
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0894-8755
J9 J CLIMATE
JI J. Clim.
PD APR
PY 2013
VL 26
IS 8
BP 2631
EP 2650
DI 10.1175/JCLI-D-12-00038.1
PG 20
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 130XX
UT WOS:000317954700015
ER
PT J
AU Zhang, C
Li, GQ
Usmani, A
AF Zhang, Chao
Li, Guo-Qiang
Usmani, Asif
TI Simulating the behavior of restrained steel beams to flame impingement
from localized-fires
SO JOURNAL OF CONSTRUCTIONAL STEEL RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Restrained steel beam; Flame impingement from localized fire; Thermal
and mechanical behaviors; Numerical investigation
ID ELEVATED-TEMPERATURES; RESISTANCE; CONNECTION; MEMBERS
AB Steel structures may be exposed to localized heating by a fire source nearby. Flame impingement from localized fire may lead to high temperatures in the exposed steel members, which may lead to structural failure. This paper numerically investigates the thermal and mechanical behaviors of restrained steel beams exposed to flame impingement from localized fires. Four steel beams with different dimensions and restraints were considered. Both developing and steady burning fires were investigated. The standard ISO834 fire was also used for comparison. The study finds that the temperature distributions within the steel beams subjected to flame impingement are highly non-uniform both across and along the beams. Along the beam length, the temperatures near the fire source may be hundreds of degrees higher than those far from the fire source. Due to different temperature distributions, the deformation mode for restrained steel beam subjected to flame impingement may be significantly different from that of a beam subjected to the standard ISO834 fire. The failure temperatures for restrained steel beams subjected to localized fires may be higher or lower than those for restrained beams subjected to the standard ISO834 fire. Reliance on the standard fire may lead to an unconservative design if the potential real fires are localized fires. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Zhang, Chao] Tongji Univ, Coll Civil Engn, Shanghai 200092, Peoples R China.
[Zhang, Chao] NIST, Natl Fire Res Lab, Fire Res Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Li, Guo-Qiang] Tongji Univ, State Key Lab Disaster Reduct Civil Engn, Shanghai 200092, Peoples R China.
[Usmani, Asif] Univ Edinburgh, Sch Engn, Edinburgh EH9 3JN, Midlothian, Scotland.
RP Zhang, C (reprint author), NIST, Natl Fire Res Lab, Fire Res Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM chao.zhang@nist.gov; gqli@tongji.edu.cn
FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [51120185001]
FX The work presented in this paper was originated at Tongji University and
completed at NIST. The research work at Tongji was partially supported
by the National Natural Science Foundation of China through the contract
51120185001. The support is acknowledged.
NR 31
TC 16
Z9 17
U1 4
U2 23
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0143-974X
J9 J CONSTR STEEL RES
JI J. Constr. Steel. Res.
PD APR
PY 2013
VL 83
BP 156
EP 165
DI 10.1016/j.jcsr.2013.02.001
PG 10
WC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering, Civil
SC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering
GA 132GW
UT WOS:000318056900014
ER
PT J
AU Ford, JKB
Durban, JW
Ellis, GM
Towers, JR
Pilkington, JF
Barrett-Lennard, LG
Andrews, RD
AF Ford, John K. B.
Durban, John W.
Ellis, Graeme M.
Towers, Jared R.
Pilkington, James F.
Barrett-Lennard, Lance G.
Andrews, Russel D.
TI New insights into the northward migration route of gray whales between
Vancouver Island, British Columbia, and southeastern Alaska
SO MARINE MAMMAL SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE Eschrichtius robustus; gray whale; migratory corridor; satellite
tagging; telemetry; shore survey
ID KILLER WHALES
AB The route taken by northward migrating gray whales during spring between Vancouver Island and southeastern Alaska, a distance of about 575 km, has long been uncertain. It is generally believed that the whales closely follow the western, outer coastline of Haida Gwaii (formerly the Queen Charlotte Islands), an archipelago lying between Vancouver Island and southeastern Alaska, consistent with their pattern of migrating close to shore over the majority of their northward migratory corridor. By tracking satellite-tagged individuals and surveying whales from shore bases, we provide evidence that this is not the primary migratory corridor, but instead that most whales migrate through Hecate Strait and Dixon Entrance, broad waterways that lie to the east and north of Haida Gwaii. By using this route, northbound gray whales potentially face a wider range of industrial activities and developments than they would by migrating along the outer coast.
C1 [Ford, John K. B.; Ellis, Graeme M.; Towers, Jared R.; Pilkington, James F.] Fisheries & Oceans Canada, Pacific Biol Stn, Nanaimo, BC V9T 6N7, Canada.
[Durban, John W.] NOAA, SW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
[Barrett-Lennard, Lance G.] Vancouver Aquarium, Vancouver, BC V6B 3X8, Canada.
[Andrews, Russel D.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Sch Fisheries & Ocean Sci, Seward, AK 99664 USA.
[Andrews, Russel D.] Alaska SeaLife Ctr, Seward, AK 99664 USA.
RP Ford, JKB (reprint author), Fisheries & Oceans Canada, Pacific Biol Stn, Nanaimo, BC V9T 6N7, Canada.
EM john.k.ford@dfo-mpo.gc.ca
FU Canada's Department of Fisheries and Oceans (DFO) Species at Risk
program
FX We thank V. Deecke and B. Gisborne for their assistance with the
satellite-tagging component of this study, and C. McMillan for her
assistance with shore-based observations. R. Abernethy, L. Nichol, and
E. Stredulinsky helped with graphics, survey design, and data analysis.
B. Duggan, G. Evans, and A. Morrissey of the Canadian Coast Guard
assisted with logistics for the lightstation surveys, and light keepers
G. Schweers and S. Westhaver were most hospitable and helpful to the
survey crew. We thank J. Calambokidis and colleagues at Cascadia
Research Collective for matching photo-identifications of the tagged
gray whales to the PCFA catalog they maintain. Funding was provided by
Canada's Department of Fisheries and Oceans (DFO) Species at Risk
program. Field studies were conducted under DFO Scientific Licenses MML
2006-027 and 2010-001.
NR 30
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PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0824-0469
J9 MAR MAMMAL SCI
JI Mar. Mamm. Sci.
PD APR
PY 2013
VL 29
IS 2
BP 325
EP 337
DI 10.1111/j.1748-7692.2012.00572.x
PG 13
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology
GA 122AZ
UT WOS:000317288600016
ER
PT J
AU Holt, MM
Noren, DP
Emmons, CK
AF Holt, Marla M.
Noren, Dawn P.
Emmons, Candice K.
TI An investigation of sound use and behavior in a killer whale (Orcinus
orca) population to inform passive acoustic monitoring studies
SO MARINE MAMMAL SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID ATLANTIC RIGHT WHALES; BRITISH-COLUMBIA; CULTURAL TRANSMISSION;
WHISTLES; PACIFIC; RATES
C1 [Holt, Marla M.; Noren, Dawn P.; Emmons, Candice K.] NOAA, Marine Mammal & Seabird Ecol Team, Conservat Biol Div, Northwest Fisheries Sci Ctr,NMFS, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
RP Holt, MM (reprint author), NOAA, Marine Mammal & Seabird Ecol Team, Conservat Biol Div, Northwest Fisheries Sci Ctr,NMFS, 2725 Montlake Blvd East, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
EM marla.holt@noaa.gov
FU NOAA NMFS Northwest Fisheries Science Center; NOAA NMFS Ocean Acoustics
Program; National Research Council
FX We thank our summer interns Anna-Maria Seibert and Christine Froschl for
field support and scoring the acoustic data. Brad Hanson and Mike Ford
provided helpful comments on earlier versions of the manuscript. Funding
was provided by the NOAA NMFS Northwest Fisheries Science Center, NOAA
NMFS Ocean Acoustics Program and the National Research Council
Postdoctoral Associateship Program. Data were collected under U.S. NMFS
Office of Protected Resources Research Permit No. 781-1824-00 and
Department of Fisheries & Oceans, Canada Species at Risk Act/Marine
Mammal License MML 2007-08/SARA-68 & MML 2008 05/SARA-85.
NR 34
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U1 2
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PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0824-0469
J9 MAR MAMMAL SCI
JI Mar. Mamm. Sci.
PD APR
PY 2013
VL 29
IS 2
BP E193
EP E202
DI 10.1111/j.1748-7692.2012.00599.x
PG 10
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology
GA 122AZ
UT WOS:000317288600010
ER
PT J
AU Mizroch, SA
Rice, DW
AF Mizroch, Sally A.
Rice, Dale W.
TI Ocean nomads: Distribution and movements of sperm whales in the North
Pacific shown by whaling data and Discovery marks
SO MARINE MAMMAL SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE Discovery mark; long-distance movements; North Pacific; sperm whale;
Physeter macrocephalus; whaling
ID PHYSETER-MACROCEPHALUS; POPULATION-STRUCTURE; MITOCHONDRIAL-DNA;
RESIDENCY
AB We investigated the distribution and movements of sperm whales (Physeter macrocephalus) in the North Pacific by analyzing whaling data and movement data of whales marked with Discovery marks. Prior studies suggested that there were discrete stocks of sperm whales, assuming that the intervals between historical areas of concentration indicated subpopulation boundaries. Our analyses clearly refute this assumption: whaling and marking data suggest no obvious divisions between separate demes or stocks within the North Pacific. Sperm whales appear to be nomadic and show widespread movements between areas of concentration, with documented movements of over 5,000km, time spans between marking and recovery over 20yr, and ranges that cover many thousand km2. Males appear to range more widely than females. Sperm whales likely travel in response to geographical and temporal variations in the abundance of medium- and large-sized pelagic squids, their primary prey. Our analyses demonstrate that males and females concentrated seasonally in the Subtropical Frontal Zone (ca. 28oN34oN) and the Subarctic Frontal Zone (ca. 40oN43oN), and males also concentrated seasonally near the Aleutian Islands and along the Bering Sea shelf edge. It appears that the sperm whales targeted by the pelagic whalers range widely across this ocean basin.
C1 [Mizroch, Sally A.; Rice, Dale W.] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Mammal Lab, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
RP Mizroch, SA (reprint author), NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Mammal Lab, 7600 Sand Point Way NE, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
EM sally.mizroch@noaa.gov
RI Mizroch, Sally/M-6084-2016
OI Mizroch, Sally/0000-0002-1736-5909
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PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0824-0469
EI 1748-7692
J9 MAR MAMMAL SCI
JI Mar. Mamm. Sci.
PD APR
PY 2013
VL 29
IS 2
BP E136
EP E165
DI 10.1111/j.1748-7692.2012.00601.x
PG 30
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology
GA 122AZ
UT WOS:000317288600007
ER
PT J
AU Moore, M
Andrews, R
Austin, T
Bailey, J
Costidis, A
George, C
Jackson, K
Pitchford, T
Landry, S
Ligon, A
McLellan, W
Morin, D
Smith, J
Rotstein, D
Rowles, T
Slay, C
Walsh, M
AF Moore, Michael
Andrews, Russel
Austin, Trevor
Bailey, James
Costidis, Alex
George, Clay
Jackson, Katie
Pitchford, Tom
Landry, Scott
Ligon, Allan
McLellan, William
Morin, David
Smith, Jamison
Rotstein, David
Rowles, Teresa
Slay, Chris
Walsh, Michael
TI Rope trauma, sedation, disentanglement, and monitoring-tag associated
lesions in a terminally entangled North Atlantic right whale (Eubalaena
glacialis)
SO MARINE MAMMAL SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE right whale; Eubalaena glacialis; entanglement; trauma; shark predation;
tag
ID TRICHECHUS-MANATUS-LATIROSTRIS; WATERCRAFT; MOVEMENTS; SEA
AB A chronically entangled North Atlantic right whale, with consequent emaciation was sedated, disentangled to the extent possible, administered antibiotics, and satellite tag tracked for six subsequent days. It was found dead 11 d after the tag ceased transmission. Chronic constrictive deep rope lacerations and emaciation were found to be the proximate cause of death, which may have ultimately involved shark predation. A broadhead cutter and a spring-loaded knife used for disentanglement were found to induce moderate wounds to the skin and blubber. The telemetry tag, with two barbed shafts partially penetrating the blubber was shed, leaving barbs embedded with localized histological reaction. One of four darts administered shed the barrel, but the needle was found postmortem in the whale with an 80o bend at the blubber-muscle interface. This bend occurred due to epaxial muscle movement relative to the overlying blubber, with resultant necrosis and cavitation of underlying muscle. This suggests that rigid, implanted devices that span the cetacean blubber muscle interface, where the muscle moves relative to the blubber, could have secondary health impacts. Thus we encourage efforts to develop new tag telemetry systems that do not penetrate the subdermal sheath, but still remain attached for many months.
C1 [Moore, Michael] Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Dept Biol, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
[Andrews, Russel] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Sch Fisheries & Ocean Sci, Seward, AK 99664 USA.
[Andrews, Russel] Alaska SeaLife Ctr, Seward, AK 99664 USA.
[Austin, Trevor] Paxarms, Timaru, New Zealand.
[Bailey, James] Touro Univ Nevada, Henderson, NV 89014 USA.
[Costidis, Alex] Univ Florida, Coll Vet Med, Gainesville, FL 32610 USA.
[George, Clay] Georgia Dept Nat Resources, Nongame Conservat Sect, Brunswick, GA 31520 USA.
[Jackson, Katie; Pitchford, Tom] Fish & Wildlife Res Inst, Florida Fish & Wildlife Conservat Commiss, St Petersburg, FL 33701 USA.
[Landry, Scott] Provincetown Ctr Coastal Studies, Provincetown, MA 02657 USA.
[Ligon, Allan] Bridger Consulting, Bozeman, MT 59715 USA.
[McLellan, William] UNC Wilmington, Wilmington, NC 28403 USA.
[Morin, David; Smith, Jamison] NOAA, Fisheries Serv, Gloucester, MA 01930 USA.
[Rotstein, David] Consulting Vet Pathologist, Olney, MD 20832 USA.
[Rowles, Teresa] NOAA, Fisheries Serv, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
[Slay, Chris] Coastwise Consulting Inc, Athens, GA 30601 USA.
[Walsh, Michael] Univ Florida, Aquat Anim Hlth Program, Gainesville, FL 32610 USA.
RP Moore, M (reprint author), Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Dept Biol, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
EM mmoore@whoi.edu
RI sebastianovitsch, stepan/G-8507-2013; Moore, Michael/E-1707-2015
OI Moore, Michael/0000-0003-3074-6631
FU NOAA [NA09OAR4320129, PO EA133F09SE4792]; M. S. Worthington Foundation;
North Pond Foundation; Sloan and Hardwick Simmons; Woods Hole
Oceanographic Institution Marine Mammal Center
FX We gratefully acknowledge the collaborative efforts of Florida Fish and
Wildlife Conservation Commission, EcoHealth Alliance, Georgia Department
of Natural Resources, NOAA SE and NE Regions, Provincetown Center for
Coastal Studies, Georgia Aquarium, St. Johns County Beach Services,
Environmental Division and Public Works Department, Hubb's Sea World
Research Institute, Aquatic Animal Health Program University of Florida,
Barb Zoodsma, Tricia Naessig, Susan Barco, Megan Stolen, Denise Boyd,
and many others who assisted with the disentanglement and necropsy of
this complex case. Funding from NOAA Cooperative Agreement
NA09OAR4320129, PO EA133F09SE4792, M. S. Worthington Foundation, North
Pond Foundation, Sloan and Hardwick Simmons, and Woods Hole
Oceanographic Institution Marine Mammal Center. The research and
disentanglement work reported here was conducted under National Oceanic
Atmospheric Administration Permit 932-1905-00/MA-009526 issued to Dr
Teresa Rowles. We appreciate the thoughtful comments of reviewers.
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PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0824-0469
J9 MAR MAMMAL SCI
JI Mar. Mamm. Sci.
PD APR
PY 2013
VL 29
IS 2
BP E98
EP E113
DI 10.1111/j.1748-7692.2012.00591.x
PG 16
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology
GA 122AZ
UT WOS:000317288600006
ER
PT J
AU Holland, WS
Bintley, D
Chapin, EL
Chrysostomou, A
Davis, GR
Dempsey, JT
Duncan, WD
Fich, M
Friberg, P
Halpern, M
Irwin, KD
Jenness, T
Kelly, BD
MacIntosh, MJ
Robson, EI
Scott, D
Ade, PAR
Atad-Ettedgui, E
Berry, DS
Craig, SC
Gao, X
Gibb, AG
Hilton, GC
Hollister, MI
Kycia, JB
Lunney, DW
McGregor, H
Montgomery, D
Parkes, W
Tilanus, RPJ
Ullom, JN
Walther, CA
Walton, AJ
Woodcraft, AL
Amiri, M
Atkinson, D
Burger, B
Chuter, T
Coulson, IM
Doriese, WB
Dunare, C
Economou, F
Niemack, MD
Parsons, HAL
Reintsema, CD
Sibthorpe, B
Smail, I
Sudiwala, R
Thomas, HS
AF Holland, W. S.
Bintley, D.
Chapin, E. L.
Chrysostomou, A.
Davis, G. R.
Dempsey, J. T.
Duncan, W. D.
Fich, M.
Friberg, P.
Halpern, M.
Irwin, K. D.
Jenness, T.
Kelly, B. D.
MacIntosh, M. J.
Robson, E. I.
Scott, D.
Ade, P. A. R.
Atad-Ettedgui, E.
Berry, D. S.
Craig, S. C.
Gao, X.
Gibb, A. G.
Hilton, G. C.
Hollister, M. I.
Kycia, J. B.
Lunney, D. W.
McGregor, H.
Montgomery, D.
Parkes, W.
Tilanus, R. P. J.
Ullom, J. N.
Walther, C. A.
Walton, A. J.
Woodcraft, A. L.
Amiri, M.
Atkinson, D.
Burger, B.
Chuter, T.
Coulson, I. M.
Doriese, W. B.
Dunare, C.
Economou, F.
Niemack, M. D.
Parsons, H. A. L.
Reintsema, C. D.
Sibthorpe, B.
Smail, I.
Sudiwala, R.
Thomas, H. S.
TI SCUBA-2: the 10 000 pixel bolometer camera on the James Clerk Maxwell
Telescope
SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
DE instrumentation: detectors; submillimetre: general
ID TRANSITION-EDGE SENSORS; STAR-FORMATION; SUBMILLIMETER ASTRONOMY;
MILLIMETER; EVOLUTION; ARCHIVE; DEBRIS
AB Submillimetre Common-User Bolometer Array 2 (SCUBA-2) is an innovative 10 000 pixel bolometer camera operating at submillimetre wavelengths on the James Clerk Maxwell Telescope (JCMT). The camera has the capability to carry out wide-field surveys to unprecedented depths, addressing key questions relating to the origins of galaxies, stars and planets. With two imaging arrays working simultaneously in the atmospheric windows at 450 and 850 mu m, the vast increase in pixel count means that SCUBA-2 maps the sky 100-150 times faster than the previous SCUBA instrument. In this paper, we present an overview of the instrument, discuss the physical characteristics of the superconducting detector arrays, outline the observing modes and data acquisition, and present the early performance figures on the telescope. We also showcase the capabilities of the instrument via some early examples of the science SCUBA-2 that have already been undertaken. In 2012 February, SCUBA-2 began a series of unique legacy surveys for the JCMT community. These surveys will take 2.5 yr and the results are already providing complementary data to the shorter wavelength, shallower, larger area surveys from Herschel. The SCUBA-2 surveys will also provide a wealth of information for further study with new facilities such as ALMA, and future telescopes such as CCAT and SPICA.
C1 [Holland, W. S.; Duncan, W. D.; Kelly, B. D.; MacIntosh, M. J.; Robson, E. I.; Atad-Ettedgui, E.; Gao, X.; Lunney, D. W.; McGregor, H.; Montgomery, D.; Atkinson, D.; Sibthorpe, B.] Royal Observ, UK Astron Technol Ctr, Edinburgh EH9 3HJ, Midlothian, Scotland.
[Holland, W. S.; Hollister, M. I.] Univ Edinburgh, Royal Observ, Inst Astron, Edinburgh EH9 3HJ, Midlothian, Scotland.
[Bintley, D.; Chapin, E. L.; Chrysostomou, A.; Davis, G. R.; Dempsey, J. T.; Friberg, P.; Jenness, T.; Berry, D. S.; Craig, S. C.; Tilanus, R. P. J.; Walther, C. A.; Chuter, T.; Coulson, I. M.; Economou, F.; Parsons, H. A. L.; Thomas, H. S.] Joint Astron Ctr, Hilo, HI 96720 USA.
[Chapin, E. L.; Halpern, M.; Scott, D.; Gibb, A. G.; Amiri, M.; Burger, B.] Univ British Columbia, Dept Phys & Astron, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada.
[Duncan, W. D.; Irwin, K. D.; Hilton, G. C.; Ullom, J. N.; Doriese, W. B.; Niemack, M. D.; Reintsema, C. D.] NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Fich, M.; Kycia, J. B.] Univ Waterloo, Dept Phys, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada.
[Ade, P. A. R.; Woodcraft, A. L.; Sudiwala, R.] Cardiff Univ, Sch Phys & Astron, Cardiff CF24 3AA, S Glam, Wales.
[Parkes, W.; Walton, A. J.; Dunare, C.] Univ Edinburgh, Scottish Microelect Ctr, Edinburgh EH9 3JF, Midlothian, Scotland.
[Smail, I.] Univ Durham, Inst Computat Cosmol, Durham DH1 3LE, England.
RP Holland, WS (reprint author), Royal Observ, UK Astron Technol Ctr, Blackford Hill, Edinburgh EH9 3HJ, Midlothian, Scotland.
EM wayne.holland@stfc.ac.uk
RI Walton, Anthony/A-1550-2010; gao, xiaofeng/D-4825-2014; Smail,
Ian/M-5161-2013;
OI Smail, Ian/0000-0003-3037-257X; Berry, David/0000-0001-6524-2447; Scott,
Douglas/0000-0002-6878-9840; Economou, Frossie/0000-0002-8333-7615;
Jenness, Tim/0000-0001-5982-167X
FU Canada Foundation for Innovation
FX The JCMT is operated by the Joint Astronomy Centre on behalf of the
Science and Technology Facilities Council of the United Kingdom, the
Netherlands Organization for Pure Research and the National Research
Council of Canada. Additional funds for the construction of SCUBA-2 were
provided by the Canada Foundation for Innovation.
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PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 0035-8711
J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC
JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc.
PD APR
PY 2013
VL 430
IS 4
BP 2513
EP 2533
DI 10.1093/mnras/sts612
PG 21
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 136CZ
UT WOS:000318339700001
ER
PT J
AU Miksis-Olds, JL
Stabeno, PJ
Napp, JM
Pinchuk, AI
Nystuen, JA
Warren, JD
Denes, SL
AF Miksis-Olds, Jennifer L.
Stabeno, Phyllis J.
Napp, Jeffery M.
Pinchuk, Alexei I.
Nystuen, Jeffrey A.
Warren, Joseph D.
Denes, Samuel L.
TI Ecosystem response to a temporary sea ice retreat in the Bering Sea:
Winter 2009
SO PROGRESS IN OCEANOGRAPHY
LA English
DT Review
ID POLLOCK THERAGRA-CHALCOGRAMMA; DIEL VERTICAL MIGRATION; OSCILLATING
CONTROL HYPOTHESIS; CLIMATE-CHANGE; ANTARCTIC KRILL;
ACOUSTIC-SCATTERING; ZOOPLANKTON; EASTERN; ABUNDANCE; SHELF
AB Adding acoustic systems onto ocean moorings and observatories provides additional data to more fully document ecosystem responses to environmental perturbations. A passive acoustic recorder and three-frequency echosounder system were integrated into a biophysical mooring on the central eastern Bering Sea continental shelf. An unexpected, transient, mid-winter retreat of the seasonal sea ice was observed over the mooring for a 2-week period in March 2009. Interpretation of the passive acoustic data provided information about sea ice conditions and included the detection and identification of vocalizing marine mammals, while the acoustic backscatter provided information on relative zooplankton and fish abundance before, during, and after the retreat. Hydrographic data confirmed the acoustic signal was associated with changing surface ice conditions, and the combined information from the biophysical mooring sensors revealed changes in winter trophic level dynamics during the retreat, which would have otherwise been undetected by traditional ship-based observations. Changes in the acoustic environment, zooplankton dynamics, and acoustic detection of marine mammals were observed amidst a physically stable and uniform water column with no indication of a phytoplankton bloom. These data demonstrate the value of acoustic technologies to monitor changing ecosystems dynamics in remote and hazardous locations. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Miksis-Olds, Jennifer L.; Denes, Samuel L.] Penn State Univ, Appl Res Lab, State Coll, PA 16803 USA.
[Stabeno, Phyllis J.] NOAA, Pacific Marine Environm Lab, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
[Napp, Jeffery M.] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
[Pinchuk, Alexei I.] Univ Alaska, Juneau Ctr, Sch Fisheries & Ocean Sci, Div Fisheries, Juneau, AK 99801 USA.
[Nystuen, Jeffrey A.] Univ Washington, Appl Phys Lab, Seattle, WA 98105 USA.
[Warren, Joseph D.] SUNY Stony Brook, Southampton, NY 11968 USA.
RP Miksis-Olds, JL (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Appl Res Lab, State Coll, PA 16803 USA.
EM jlm91@psu.edu; Phyllis.Stabeno@noaa.gov; jeff.napp@noaa.gov;
aipinchuk@alaska.edu; nystuen@apl.washington.edu;
joe.warren@stonybrook.edu; sld980@psu.edu
FU NOAA's North Pacific Climate Regimes and Ecosystem Productivity program
(NPCREP); North Pacific Research Board's Bering Sea Integrated Ecosystem
Research Program (BSIERP); ONR Marine Mammal Program [N000140810391,
N000140810394]; ONR Award [N000140910484]; National Science Foundation
[ARC-0816805]
FX We thank Carol Dewitt, Bill Floering, and Rick Miller from Pacific
Marine Environmental Laboratory, NOAA for their efforts in the
deployment, maintenance, and data collection from the NOAA EcoFOCI
mooring. Thanks are also extended to the captain and crews of the NOAA
ships and contract vessels that deployed and retrieved the mooring
instruments. Sigrid Salo provided the satellite images, and Russell
Hawkins wrote the Matlab code for the Kruskal-Wallis tests. Support for
the moorings and hydrographic data collected by PJS and JMN were
supported by NOAA's North Pacific Climate Regimes and Ecosystem
Productivity program (NPCREP) and the North Pacific Research Board's
Bering Sea Integrated Ecosystem Research Program (BSIERP). JLMO was
supported by the ONR Marine Mammal Program under Awards N000140810391
and N000140810394. JDW was supported in part by ONR Award N000140910484.
BEST-BSIERP research was conducted on the USCGC Healy with technical
support from the captain, crew and UNOLS technicians. The efforts were
funded by National Science Foundation award number ARC-0816805. The
findings and conclusions in the paper are those of the authors and do
not necessarily represent the views of the National Marine Fisheries
Service. Reference to trade names does not imply endorsement by the
National Marine Fisheries Service, NOAA. This is research contribution
number 3867 from the NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory, No.
350 from the North Pacific Research Board, and No. 062 from the
BEST/SSIERP Bering Sea Project. This research is contribution
EcoFOCI-0787 to NOAA's Fisheries-Oceanography Coordinated
Investigations.
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PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0079-6611
J9 PROG OCEANOGR
JI Prog. Oceanogr.
PD APR
PY 2013
VL 111
BP 38
EP 51
DI 10.1016/j.pocean.2012.10.010
PG 14
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA 134IN
UT WOS:000318203700003
ER
PT J
AU Greybush, SJ
Kalnay, E
Hoffman, MJ
Wilson, RJ
AF Greybush, Steven J.
Kalnay, Eugenia
Hoffman, Matthew J.
Wilson, R. John
TI Identifying Martian atmospheric instabilities and their physical origins
using bred vectors
SO QUARTERLY JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
DE Martian atmosphere; weather and climate of Mars; predictability; kinetic
energy equation; baroclinic and barotropic instabilities; ensemble
forecasting
ID MARS GLOBAL SURVEYOR; LINEAR BAROCLINIC INSTABILITY; GENERAL-CIRCULATION
MODEL; DATA ASSIMILATION; NORTHERN-HEMISPHERE; DUST STORMS; THERMAL
STRUCTURE; TRAVELING-WAVES; KALMAN FILTER; TIDES
AB The bred vector (BV) technique applied to the Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory (GFDL) Mars General Circulation Model (MGCM) identifies regions and seasons of instability of the Martian atmosphere, and a kinetic energy equation applied to the control and perturbed states elucidates their physical origins. Instabilities prominent in the late autumn to early spring seasons of each hemisphere along the polar temperature front result from baroclinic conversions from BV potential to BV kinetic energy near the surface, whereas both baroclinic and barotropic conversions play a role for the westerly jets aloft. The low-level tropics and the northern hemisphere summer are relatively stable, with negative bred vector growth rates. Bred vector growth precedes initiation of travelling wave activity in the midlatitudes during the transition seasons, and their structure relates to the eddy field. Topography plays a role in determining favoured locations for near-surface instabilities. Bred vectors are also linked to forecast ensemble spread in data assimilation and help explain the growth of forecast errors. We finally note that the ability to use breeding to identify instabilities as well as their physical origin depends on the fact that both the control and the perturbed solutions that give rise to bred vectors satisfy exactly the model's governing equations. As a result, this approach can be used with any dynamical system represented by a model. Copyright (c) 2012 Royal Meteorological Society
C1 [Greybush, Steven J.; Kalnay, Eugenia] Univ Maryland, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Kalnay, Eugenia] Univ Maryland, Earth Syst Sci Interdisciplinary Ctr, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Kalnay, Eugenia] Univ Maryland, Inst Phys Sci & Technol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Hoffman, Matthew J.] Rochester Inst Technol, Sch Math Sci, Rochester, NY 14623 USA.
[Wilson, R. John] NOAA, Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, Princeton, NJ USA.
RP Greybush, SJ (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
EM greybush@atmos.umd.edu
OI Kalnay, Eugenia/0000-0002-9984-9906
FU NASA [NNX07AM97G, NNX11AL25G]; Glenadore and Howard L. Pim Fellowship at
Johns Hopkins University
FX We are grateful to Ross Hoffman, Isidoro Orlanski, Kayo Ide, Takemasa
Miyoshi, Janusz Eluszkiewicz, Tim McConnochie, and the UMD Weather Chaos
Group for their helpful suggestions. This work was supported by NASA
grants NNX07AM97G and NNX11AL25G and the Glenadore and Howard L. Pim
Fellowship at Johns Hopkins University.
NR 42
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 13
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0035-9009
J9 Q J ROY METEOR SOC
JI Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc.
PD APR
PY 2013
VL 139
IS 672
BP 639
EP 653
DI 10.1002/qj.1990
PN A
PG 15
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 130QK
UT WOS:000317933600007
ER
PT J
AU Crosson, S
AF Crosson, Scott
TI The impact of empowering scientific advisory committees to constrain
catch limits in US fisheries
SO SCIENCE AND PUBLIC POLICY
LA English
DT Article
DE fisheries; science policy; principal-agent theory; National Oceanic and
Atmospheric Administration; Magnuson-Stevens Act
ID MANAGEMENT COUNCILS; AMERICAN SHAD; UNITED-STATES; RECOVERY; SCIENCE;
STOCKS; OCEAN
AB Following a 2006 revision to the US Magnuson-Stevens Act, the eight Fishery Management Councils that manage the nation's stocks have been restricted from setting regional catch levels that exceed the recommendations of their primary scientific advisory committees. This paper reviews the impact of that new requirement using principal-agent theory. After demonstrating that the advisory committees are still agents of the Councils, I show that the process of managing federal fisheries stocks now requires a lengthy dialogue between the two groups revolving around issues of risk tolerance, management buffers, and data availability that has resulted in the development of explicit rules for setting biological boundaries on catch.
C1 NOAA, Southeast Fisheries Sci Ctr, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
RP Crosson, S (reprint author), NOAA, Southeast Fisheries Sci Ctr, 75 Virginia Beach Dr, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
EM scott.crosson@noaa.gov
OI Crosson, Scott/0000-0002-8126-1282
NR 56
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 1
U2 6
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 0302-3427
EI 1471-5430
J9 SCI PUBL POLICY
JI Sci. Public Policy
PD APR
PY 2013
VL 40
IS 2
DI 10.1093/scipol/scs104
PG 13
WC Management; Planning & Development; Public Administration
SC Business & Economics; Public Administration
GA 130CR
UT WOS:000317890800009
ER
PT J
AU Wang, X
Wang, CZ
Zhou, W
Liu, L
Wang, DX
AF Wang, Xin
Wang, Chunzai
Zhou, Wen
Liu, Lin
Wang, Dongxiao
TI Remote influence of North Atlantic SST on the equatorial westerly wind
anomalies in the western Pacific for initiating an El Nino event: an
Atmospheric General Circulation Model Study
SO ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCE LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE climate; El Nino onset; ENSO; westerly wind bursts
ID SEA-SURFACE TEMPERATURE; AIR-TEMPERATURE; ENSO; VARIABILITY; CLIMATE;
MONSOON; IMPACT
AB This article uses an atmospheric general circulation model to show that the cooler North Atlantic sea surface temperature anomalies in summer can produce a Rossby wave-like teleconnection pattern strengthening the Siberian High in winter and next spring. The stronger Siberian High enhances the continent northerlies over East Asia and the associated cyclonic circulation over the western North Pacific, which provides a tropical westerly background for occurrence of the westerly wind bursts. The stronger northerlies over East Asia can also induce frequent cold surges, which tend to produce the equatorial westerly wind anomalies in the western Pacific for initiating an El Nino event. Copyright. (C) 2013 Royal Meteorological Society
C1 [Wang, Xin] Univ Miami, Cooperat Inst Marine & Atmospher Studies, Miami, FL USA.
[Wang, Xin; Wang, Chunzai] NOAA, Atlantic Oceanog & Meteorol Lab, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
[Wang, Xin; Wang, Dongxiao] Chinese Acad Sci, State Key Lab Trop Oceanog, South China Sea Inst Oceanol, Guangzhou, Guangdong, Peoples R China.
[Zhou, Wen] City Univ Hong Kong, Sch Energy & Environm, Guy Carpenter Asia Pacific Climate Impact Ctr, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China.
[Liu, Lin] State Ocean Adm, Inst Oceanog 1, Ctr Ocean & Climate Res, Qingdao, Peoples R China.
RP Wang, X (reprint author), NOAA, Div Oceanog, Atlantic Oceanog & Meteorol Lab, 4301 Rickenbacker Causeway, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
EM Xin.Wang.AOML@noaa.gov
RI Wang, Chunzai /C-9712-2009; Wang, Xin/B-4624-2012; WANG,
DongXiao/B-4445-2012; Zhou, Wen/C-3750-2012
OI Wang, Chunzai /0000-0002-7611-0308; Zhou, Wen/0000-0002-3297-4841
FU National Basic Research Program of China [2010CB950304, 2013CB430301];
National Natural Science Foundation of China [40906010, 41175079];
Chinese Academy of Sciences; National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration (NOAA) Climate Program Office; NOAA Atlantic
Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory (AOML)
FX This work was supported by National Basic Research Program of China
(2010CB950304 and 2013CB430301), National Natural Science Foundation of
China (Grant Nos. 40906010 and 41175079), the Chinese Academy of
Sciences, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)
Climate Program Office and the base funding of NOAA Atlantic
Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory (AOML).
NR 24
TC 6
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 17
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1530-261X
J9 ATMOS SCI LETT
JI Atmos. Sci. Lett.
PD APR-JUN
PY 2013
VL 14
IS 2
BP 107
EP 111
DI 10.1002/asl2.425
PG 5
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 129SK
UT WOS:000317862300009
ER
PT J
AU Satterthwaite, WH
Mohr, MS
O'Farrell, MR
Wells, BK
AF Satterthwaite, William H.
Mohr, Michael S.
O'Farrell, Michael R.
Wells, Brian K.
TI A comparison of temporal patterns in the ocean spatial distribution of
California's Central Valley Chinook salmon runs
SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES AND AQUATIC SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
ID WIRE TAG RECOVERIES; ONCORHYNCHUS-TSHAWYTSCHA; NORTH-AMERICA;
WEST-COAST; GROWTH; POPULATION; MIGRATION; MATURATION; HISTORY; CLIMATE
AB We developed a broadly applicable method for estimating stock-specific spatial distributions based on patterns in contacts per unit effort determined from data collected in ocean fisheries. The method fully accounts for fishing effort and quantifies uncertainty in total contacts due to sampling error and the effects of annual variability in size-at-age on estimated contacts with sublegal-sized fish. As a case study, we used coded-wire tag recoveries to compare ocean spatial distributions among fish from four return run timings (fall, late-fall, winter, and spring) of Chinook salmon from the Central Valley, California, USA, and explored how distributions varied annually, seasonally, and with fish age in the data-rich fall run. All runs were rarely contacted in ocean fisheries north of Cape Falcon, Oregon (45 degrees 46'N). Late-fall and winter run fish appeared relatively restricted to the south compared with fall run fish, corresponding to life history differences and highlighting the ability of spatial management to control impacts on the endangered winter run. For the fall run, the location of highest relative contacts per unit effort of age-3 fish varied across years. This variation correlated with sea surface temperature the previous summer, suggesting ocean distributions may be more responsive to the environment than previously appreciated.
C1 [Satterthwaite, William H.; Mohr, Michael S.; O'Farrell, Michael R.; Wells, Brian K.] NOAA, Fisheries Ecol Div, SW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
[Satterthwaite, William H.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Ctr Stock Assessment Res Appl Math & Stat, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
RP Satterthwaite, WH (reprint author), NOAA, Fisheries Ecol Div, SW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, 110 Shaffer Rd, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
EM Will.Satterthwaite@noaa.gov
FU Cooperative Institute For Marine Ecosystems and Climate; California Sea
Grant Ocean Protection Council; Pacific States Marine Fisheries
Commission
FX This study was made possible by the work of numerous people who tag,
collect, read, and report CWTs and maintain the database in an easily
accessible format. A. Grover provided help in obtaining and interpreting
data. Funding was provided by the Cooperative Institute For Marine
Ecosystems and Climate, the California Sea Grant Ocean Protection
Council, and the Pacific States Marine Fisheries Commission. This paper
and analyses therein were improved by helpful comments from S. Allen, E.
Anderson, S. Carlson, S. Munch, A. Shelton, A. Winship, and two
anonymous reviewers.
NR 48
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 1
U2 31
PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS
PI OTTAWA
PA 65 AURIGA DR, SUITE 203, OTTAWA, ON K2E 7W6, CANADA
SN 0706-652X
EI 1205-7533
J9 CAN J FISH AQUAT SCI
JI Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci.
PD APR
PY 2013
VL 70
IS 4
BP 574
EP 584
DI 10.1139/cjfas-2012-0395
PG 11
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 128EA
UT WOS:000317750700008
ER
PT J
AU Miller, JA
Teel, DJ
Baptista, A
Morgan, CA
AF Miller, Jessica A.
Teel, David J.
Baptista, Antonio
Morgan, Cheryl A.
TI Disentangling bottom-up and top-down effects on survival during early
ocean residence in a population of Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus
tshawytscha)
SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES AND AQUATIC SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
AB We evaluated the relative importance of "bottom-up" (production-limited) and "top-down" (predator-mediated) processes during early marine residence in a population of Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) from the upper Columbia River, USA. We examined length, mass, and condition index of age-0 juveniles collected in the ocean during June and September across 11 years in relation to conditions in the river, estuary, and coastal ocean and to future adult returns. Characteristics of juveniles in September, but not June, were related to adult returns. During years when coastal waters were relatively cool and productive, juveniles captured in September displayed relatively low condition and reduced otolith growth compared with years when coastal waters were relatively warm and unproductive; this contrast indicates that top-down effects such as selective mortality or competition are important during early marine residence. Key physical (river plume volume during emigration) and biological (condition) variables and their interaction accounted for >95% of the variation in adult returns. Future research should focus on evaluating predators and competitors and understanding how river plume structure influences survival.
C1 [Miller, Jessica A.] Oregon State Univ, Coastal Oregon Marine Expt Stn, Hatfield Marine Sci Ctr, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, Newport, OR 97365 USA.
[Teel, David J.] NOAA Fisheries, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Manchester, WA 98353 USA.
[Baptista, Antonio] Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, Natl Sci Fdn Sci & Technol Ctr Coastal Margin Obs, Beaverton, OR 97006 USA.
[Morgan, Cheryl A.] Oregon State Univ, Cooperat Inst Marine Resources Studies, Newport, OR 97365 USA.
RP Miller, JA (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Coastal Oregon Marine Expt Stn, Hatfield Marine Sci Ctr, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, 2030 SE Marine Sci Dr, Newport, OR 97365 USA.
EM Jessica.Miller@oregonstate.edu
OI Baptista, Antonio/0000-0002-7641-5937
FU Bonneville Power Administration [00053808, 00052946/00059479]; NSF
[OCE-0424602]; NOOA's Integrated Ocean Observing System program
FX We thank the Bonneville Power Administration for funding (BPA Contract
No. 00053808 to Oregon State University and No. 00052946/00059479 to
Oregon Health & Science University) and the efforts of vessel crew and
scientists associated with data collection. D. Backus provided
assistance with graphics. The Virtual Columbia River is also partially
supported by NSF (OCE-0424602) and NOOA's Integrated Ocean Observing
System program. L. Tomaro, L. Boatright, J. Zappa, D. Kuligowski, and D.
Van Doornik provided laboratory assistance. We appreciate comments by K.
Fresh, T. Hurst, L. Weitkamp, and two anonymous reviewers on previous
versions of this manuscript.
NR 3
TC 20
Z9 20
U1 3
U2 39
PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS
PI OTTAWA
PA 1200 MONTREAL ROAD, BUILDING M-55, OTTAWA, ON K1A 0R6, CANADA
SN 0706-652X
J9 CAN J FISH AQUAT SCI
JI Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci.
PD APR
PY 2013
VL 70
IS 4
BP 617
EP 629
DI 10.1139/cjfas-2012-0354
PG 13
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 128EA
UT WOS:000317750700013
ER
PT J
AU Lucey, SM
Fogarty, MJ
AF Lucey, Sean M.
Fogarty, Michael J.
TI Operational fisheries in New England: Linking current fishing patterns
to proposed ecological production units
SO FISHERIES RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Ecosystem based fisheries management; New England; k-Means cluster
analysis; Spatial management
ID ECOSYSTEM MANAGEMENT; SCIENCE; POLICY
AB The Northeast US continental shelf has a rich tradition of commercial fishing. These fisheries have been managed using single species/stock assessments. Recently, there has been a movement toward a more holistic ecosystem-based management approach. This ecosystem-based approach is a departure from traditional single species management in that both spatial and multispecies considerations are paramount. To facilitate the place-based aspect of ecosystem-based management, management units are being established that take account of oceanographic, biological, and socio-economic properties. Here, we define operational fisheries for this region on the basis of landings composition by gear type and the spatial and temporal dimensions associated with them. Using vessel trip catch reports of New England commercial fishing vessels operating during 2004-2008, we defined operational fisheries using k-means clustering. The landings data from these vessels were assembled by ten minute latitude/longitude rectangles and segregated by six major gear types: otter trawls, dredges, pots, longlines, gillnets, and seines. The seasonality of each fishery was examined, as was the vessel sizes and their species catch composition. Patterns of resource usage were detected that will be useful in identifying appropriate ecosystem-based management units. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Lucey, Sean M.; Fogarty, Michael J.] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Northeast Fisheries Sci Ctr, Woods Hole Lab, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
RP Lucey, SM (reprint author), Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Northeast Fisheries Sci Ctr, Woods Hole Lab, 166 Water St, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
EM Sean.Lucey@NOAA.gov; Michael.Fogarty@NOAA.gov
NR 25
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 11
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0165-7836
J9 FISH RES
JI Fish Res.
PD APR
PY 2013
VL 141
SI SI
BP 3
EP 12
DI 10.1016/j.fishres.2012.05.002
PG 10
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 129AQ
UT WOS:000317811200002
ER
PT J
AU Al-Humaidhi, AW
Wilson, JA
Young, TH
AF Al-Humaidhi, Alia W.
Wilson, James A.
Young, Thomas H.
TI The local management of migratory stocks: Implications for sustainable
fisheries management
SO FISHERIES RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Spatial scale; Scale mismatch; Stationary bandit; Intercept fishery;
STELLA
ID COD GADUS-MORHUA; ATLANTIC COD; GENETIC-STRUCTURE; FISH; RESOURCE;
MICROSATELLITE; POLYMORPHISM; UNCERTAINTY; MAINE; OCEAN
AB Overfishing is widely recognized as a major impediment to the long term sustainability of seafood harvests. One strategy to prevent overfishing is the use of area-based management, which attempts to match fishing areas and protected areas to important geographic and ecological boundaries for a stock. However, a mismatch between the scale of area-based management and the life cycle of a fish stock may be unavoidable and can lead to problems such as serial depletion if the management scale is larger than the stock's movements, or intercept fisheries if the management scale is smaller than the stock's movements. This project explores the conditions that may promote or prevent the formation of an intercept fishery when the scale at which the stock is managed is smaller than the scale at which the stock migrates, breeds and feeds. A theoretical computer model was designed to evaluate implications of a mismatch between the scale of a fish stock's movements and the area-based management of that stock. The model examined a fishery with stationary harvesters, a migrating stock, and a protected spawning reserve. Observations were made of how harvesters in different areas respond to varying market regimes, recruitment patterns, and costs of harvesting in order to determine what economic and environmental conditions would promote or prevent an intercept fishery in the model. Overall, the economic conditions interplay with the environmental conditions to promote or restrain an intercept fishery. Specifically, an intercept fishery was prevented when recruitment levels were low and prices were constant, as might happen in a competitive global market. When recruitment levels were high, a variable price that was sensitive to local supplies was necessary to prevent the development of an intercept fishery. The model results emphasize that in the face of a mismatch, certain market and recruitment conditions may enhance or prevent the development of an intercept fishery. A sound understanding of biological parameters, such as recruitment levels, is critical to assess the risk of a developing an intercept fishery, and some control of the economic system surrounding fish harvests, such as prices, may be necessary to prevent an intercept fishery. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Al-Humaidhi, Alia W.; Wilson, James A.] Univ Maine, Sch Marine Sci, Orono, ME 04469 USA.
RP Al-Humaidhi, AW (reprint author), NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, 2725 Montlake Blvd E, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
EM alia.al-humaidhi@noaa.gov; jwilson@maine.edu; orizabafarm@gmail.com
FU University of Maine; Kendall Foundation; Gordon and Betty Moore
Foundation; Penobscot East Resource Center
FX We wish to thank the University of Maine, Yong Chen, Teresa Johnson, the
Kendall Foundation, the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation and the
Penobscot East Resource Center for their support.
NR 32
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 2
U2 37
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0165-7836
J9 FISH RES
JI Fish Res.
PD APR
PY 2013
VL 141
SI SI
BP 13
EP 23
DI 10.1016/j.fishres.2012.05.015
PG 11
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 129AQ
UT WOS:000317811200003
ER
PT J
AU Gurshin, CWD
Howell, WH
Jech, JM
AF Gurshin, Christopher W. D.
Howell, W. Huntting
Jech, J. Michael
TI Synoptic acoustic and trawl surveys of spring-spawning Atlantic cod in
the Gulf of Maine cod spawning protection area
SO FISHERIES RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Atlantic cod; Spawning stock biomass; Acoustic survey; Abundance
estimation; Geostatistics
ID POLLOCK THERAGRA-CHALCOGRAMMA; GADUS-MORHUA L.; TARGET-STRENGTH;
FISHERIES ACOUSTICS; NEWFOUNDLAND WATERS; NORTHWEST ATLANTIC; FISH
DISTRIBUTION; SURVEY DESIGN; NORTHERN COD; WESTERN GULF
AB Repeated acoustic and trawl surveys were performed in the Gulf of Maine cod spawning protection area (GOMCSPA) to: (a) describe the spatial and temporal distribution of spring-spawning Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua); (b) estimate their abundance and biomass; and (c) evaluate precision of the survey methods. A fishing vessel equipped with 38- and 120-kHz split-beam echo sounders surveyed once monthly from dusk to dawn along ten parallel transects that covered a 80.8 km(2) area during April-July 2011. During each survey, two bottom trawl vessels (one with a small mesh net and one with a large mesh net) each made ten tows in parallel behind the acoustic survey vessel. Cod abundance and biomass was derived from acoustic backscatter by a combination of methods: (1) species apportionment based on trawl catch vs. echo classification; (2) in situ vs. predicted target strength; (3) size of elementary distance sampling unit (EDSU) and statistical approach; and (4) with and without dead zone correction. The mean cod density based on echo classification and a 100-m EDSU resulted in a substantially lower coefficient of variation when the variance was estimated by geostatistics compared to any other method used. Based on echo classification, semivariogram modeling revealed that 67-77% of the variance in cod biomass density was explained by a spatial structural component at a range (correlation length) of 2.0-2.4 km. Density maps, produced by ordinary kriging, showed cod were relatively widespread in the survey area in May, but congregated at higher densities in areas adjacent to two elevated bathymetric features. Most cod converged to a single location in June, and were at a higher concentration compared to the highest densities observed in May. This congregation decreased in size and density in July. The survey estimates of cod biomass were 184-494 mt in May, 138-617 mt in June, and 39-135 mt in July. Based on echo classification, the biomass for the GOMCSPA, extrapolated from these survey estimates, were 260-466 mt in May, 196-513 mt in June, and 91-198 mt in July. These results provide some evidence that adult Atlantic cod in spawning condition congregated within the GOMCSPA during the seasonal fishing closure, and that the biomass being protected by the closure may have represented 4-5% of the GOM cod spawning stock biomass at the time of the study. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Gurshin, Christopher W. D.] Normandeau Associates Inc, Portsmouth, NH 03801 USA.
[Howell, W. Huntting] Univ New Hampshire, Dept Biol Sci, Durham, NH 03824 USA.
[Jech, J. Michael] NOAA, NMFS, NEFSC, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
RP Gurshin, CWD (reprint author), Normandeau Associates Inc, 30 Int Dr,Suite 6, Portsmouth, NH 03801 USA.
EM cgurshin@normandeau.com
FU Northeast Consortium [111675]
FX This study would not have been possible without the experience and
generous efforts of Captains D. Goethel, C. Felch II, C. Felch III, and
D. Robillard, and all of their crew. The field assistance of M. Balge,
J. Bunker, W. Chaput, J. Cranney, G. Ek, A.D. Jain, T. Ford, S. Maxwell,
S. Moore, D.H. Yi, and W. Zhang was greatly appreciated. We thank A.H.
Hawkins for reviewing the hydrophone recording of the cod grunt and P.
Petitgas for providing EVA2. This study was funded by the Northeast
Consortium (Award No. 111675).
NR 101
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 26
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0165-7836
EI 1872-6763
J9 FISH RES
JI Fish Res.
PD APR
PY 2013
VL 141
SI SI
BP 44
EP 61
DI 10.1016/j.fishres.2012.09.018
PG 18
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 129AQ
UT WOS:000317811200006
ER
PT J
AU Muzny, CD
Huber, ML
Kazakov, AF
AF Muzny, Chris D.
Huber, Marcia L.
Kazakov, Andrei F.
TI Correlation for the Viscosity of Normal Hydrogen Obtained from Symbolic
Regression
SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING DATA
LA English
DT Article
ID INITIAL DENSITY-DEPENDENCE; 25 DEGREES C; GAS-MIXTURES; HEAT-CONDUCTION;
BINARY-MIXTURES; TRANSPORT-PROPERTIES; INTERNAL-FRICTION;
THERMAL-CONDUCTIVITY; ROOM-TEMPERATURE; ABSOLUTE DETERMINATION
AB We report the results of a symbolic-regression methodology to obtain both the functional form and the coefficients for a wide-ranging correlation for the viscosity of normal hydrogen. The correlation covers the temperature range from the triple-point temperature to 1000 K and pressures up to 200 MPa and extrapolates in a physically reasonable manner to 2000 K. The estimated uncertainty is 4 % for the saturated liquid from the triple point to 31 K, with larger deviations as the critical region is approached. The estimated uncertainty is 4 % for the supercritical fluid phase at pressures to 200 MPa. For the limited range of 200 K to 400 K at pressures up to 0.1 MPa, the uncertainty is 0.1 %.
C1 [Muzny, Chris D.; Huber, Marcia L.; Kazakov, Andrei F.] NIST, Appl Chem & Mat Div, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Muzny, CD (reprint author), NIST, Appl Chem & Mat Div, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM chris.muzny@nist.gov
NR 108
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 1
U2 12
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0021-9568
J9 J CHEM ENG DATA
JI J. Chem. Eng. Data
PD APR
PY 2013
VL 58
IS 4
BP 969
EP 979
DI 10.1021/je301273j
PG 11
WC Thermodynamics; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Chemical
SC Thermodynamics; Chemistry; Engineering
GA 125PO
UT WOS:000317553600020
ER
PT J
AU Schiel, JE
Smith, NJ
Phinney, KW
AF Schiel, John E.
Smith, Nicholas J.
Phinney, Karen W.
TI Universal proteolysis and MSn for N- and O- glycan branching analysis
SO JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY
LA English
DT Article
DE glycoprotein; glycan; mass spectrometry; permethylation; branching
ID MASS-SPECTROMETRY; GLYCOMICS
AB The continually growing list of critical glycosylation-related processes has made analytical methodology for detailed glycan characterization an area of increasing interest. Glycosylation is a post translational modification of unsurpassed complexity due to the variety of compositions and linkages formed by these biopolymers. Structural characterization of glycan isomers has been achieved using ion trap mass spectrometry and MSn of released, permethylated glycans. However, N- and O-glycans require different sample preparation strategies; and release of the glycans may be hindered, result in degradation of the glycan, and/or produce limited yields of permethylated product. In the current report, we demonstrate universal proteolysis of both N- and O-linked glycoproteins to individual glycoamino acids. These samples were shown to be directly amenable to permethylation and MSn analysis for isomeric structural determination. Universal proteolysis and permethylation provides an identical sample preparation strategy for both classes of glycans that avoids potential pitfalls of commonly used release methods. This methodology should be applicable to all glycoproteins and serve as an alternative to glycan release for MSn branching analysis. Published 2013. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.
C1 [Schiel, John E.; Smith, Nicholas J.; Phinney, Karen W.] NIST, Div Analyt Chem, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Schiel, JE (reprint author), NIST, Div Analyt Chem, 100 Bur Dr,Stop 8392, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM john.schiel@nist.gov
RI sebastianovitsch, stepan/G-8507-2013
NR 19
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 1
U2 29
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1076-5174
J9 J MASS SPECTROM
JI J. Mass Spectrom.
PD APR
PY 2013
VL 48
IS 4
BP 533
EP 538
DI 10.1002/jms.3196
PG 6
WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical; Spectroscopy
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry; Spectroscopy
GA 130II
UT WOS:000317906900013
PM 23584946
ER
PT J
AU Fauquier, DA
Flewelling, LJ
Maucher, JM
Keller, M
Kinsel, MJ
Johnson, CK
Henry, M
Gannon, JG
Ramsdell, JS
Landsberg, JH
AF Fauquier, Deborah A.
Flewelling, Leanne. J.
Maucher, Jennifer M.
Keller, Martha
Kinsel, Michael J.
Johnson, Christine K.
Henry, Michael
Gannon, Janet G.
Ramsdell, John S.
Landsberg, Jan H.
TI BREVETOXICOSIS IN SEABIRDS NATURALLY EXPOSED TO KARENIA BREVIS BLOOMS
ALONG THE CENTRAL WEST COAST OF FLORIDA
SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE DISEASES
LA English
DT Article
DE Brown Pelican; Double-crested Cormorant; harmful algal bloom; Karenia
brevis; red tide
ID BOTTLE-NOSED DOLPHINS; HARMFUL ALGAL BLOOMS; SARASOTA BAY; FISH;
ELIMINATION; CIGUATOXINS; FEATURES; PBTX-3; TOXINS; RATS
AB Harmful algal bloom events caused by the dinoflagellate Karenia brevis occurred along the central west Florida, USA, coast from February 2005 through December 2005 and from August 2006 through December 2006. During these events, from 4 February 2005 through 28 November 2006, live, debilitated seabirds admitted for rehabilitation showed clinical signs that included disorientation, inability to stand, ataxia, and seizures. Testing of blood, biologic fluids, and tissues for brevetoxin by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay found toxin present in 69% (n = 95) of rehabilitating seabirds. Twelve of the 19 species of birds had evidence of brevetoxin exposure. Commonly affected species included Double-crested Cormorants (Phalacrocorax auritus), Brown Pelicans (Pelecanus occidentalis), Great Blue Herons (Ardea herodias), and Common Loons (Gavia immer). Serial blood and fecal samples taken from several live seabirds during rehabilitation showed that brevetoxin was cleared within 5-10 days after being admitted to the rehabilitation facility, depending on the species tested. Among seabirds that died or were euthanized, the highest brevetoxin concentrations were found in bile, stomach contents, and liver. Most dead birds had no significant pathologic findings at necropsy, thereby supporting brevetoxin-related mortality.
C1 [Fauquier, Deborah A.; Henry, Michael; Gannon, Janet G.] Mote Marine Lab, Sarasota, FL 34236 USA.
[Fauquier, Deborah A.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
[Flewelling, Leanne. J.; Landsberg, Jan H.] Fish & Wildlife Res Inst, Florida Fish & Wildlife Conservat Commiss, St Petersburg, FL 33701 USA.
[Maucher, Jennifer M.; Ramsdell, John S.] Natl Ocean Serv, Ctr Coastal Environm Hlth & Biomol Res, Charleston, SC 29412 USA.
[Keller, Martha] Pelican Mans Bird Sanctuary, Sarasota, FL 34236 USA.
[Kinsel, Michael J.] Univ Illinois, Zool Pathol Program, Maywood, IL 60153 USA.
[Johnson, Christine K.] Univ Calif Davis, Wildlife Hlth Ctr, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
RP Fauquier, DA (reprint author), Mote Marine Lab, 1600 Ken Thompson Pkwy, Sarasota, FL 34236 USA.
EM fauquierd@gmail.com
OI Keller, Martha/0000-0002-8045-9342
FU Morris Animal Foundation; US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)
[91693401-0]
FX We thank the staff and volunteers of Mote Marine Laboratory and Pelican
Man's Bird Sanctuary, especially V. Socha. We also thank our outside
reviewers, S.E. Fire, D.J. Greig, and R.S. Wells. This work was
conducted under Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission Permit
WX05139 and was approved by Mote Marine Laboratory's Institutional
Animal Care and Use Committee. This work was funded by Morris Animal
Foundation. This publication was developed under STAR Fellowship
Assistance Agreement 91693401-0 awarded by the US Environmental
Protection Agency (EPA). It has not been formally reviewed by EPA. The
views expressed in this publication are solely those of D.A.F. and
coauthors; EPA does not endorse any products or commercial services
mentioned in this publication. This publication does not constitute an
endorsement of any commercial product or intend to be an opinion beyond
scientific or other results obtained by the National Oceanic and
Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). No reference shall be made to NOAA,
or this publication furnished by NOAA, to any advertising or sales
promotion that would indicate or imply that NOAA recommends or endorses
any proprietary product mentioned herein, or which has as its purpose an
interest to cause the advertised product to be used or purchased because
of this publication.
NR 35
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 2
U2 22
PU WILDLIFE DISEASE ASSOC, INC
PI LAWRENCE
PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA
SN 0090-3558
J9 J WILDLIFE DIS
JI J. Wildl. Dis.
PD APR
PY 2013
VL 49
IS 2
BP 246
EP 260
DI 10.7589/2011-09-270
PG 15
WC Veterinary Sciences
SC Veterinary Sciences
GA 128YP
UT WOS:000317805900005
PM 23568900
ER
PT J
AU Yordy, JE
Rossman, S
Ostrom, PH
Reiner, JL
Bargnesi, K
Hughes, S
Elliot, JD
AF Yordy, Jennifer E.
Rossman, Sam
Ostrom, Peggy H.
Reiner, Jessica L.
Bargnesi, Keely
Hughes, Stacy
Elliot, James D.
TI LEVELS OF CHLORINATED, BROMINATED, AND PERFLUORINATED CONTAMINANTS IN
BIRDS OF PREY SPANNING MULTIPLE TROPHIC LEVELS
SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE DISEASES
LA English
DT Article
DE Birds of prey; contaminants; PBDEs; PCBs; PFCs; stable isotopes
ID POLYBROMINATED DIPHENYL ETHERS; PERFLUOROOCTANE SULFONATE;
AMERICAN-KESTRELS; FLAME RETARDANTS; GREAT-LAKES; BALD EAGLES;
ENVIRONMENT; POLLUTANTS; EXPOSURE; FLORIDA
AB Birds of prey occupy high trophic levels and can consequently bioaccumulate high levels of environmental contaminants. To evaluate exposure to past- and current-use pollutants, we measured legacy contaminants (i.e., polychlorinated biphenyls [PCBs]; organochlorine pesticides, e.g., DDT), contaminants of emerging concern (polybrominated diphenyl ethers [PBDEs]; perfluorinated compounds [PFCs]), and stable isotopes (delta C-13, delta N-15) in 26 birds of prey (10 species) from coastal South Carolina (USA) sampled in 2009 and 2010. Nitrogen isotope ratios (delta N-15) ranged from 5.2 parts per thousand to 13.7 parts per thousand, indicating the birds of prey spanned two to three trophic levels. Legacy contaminant levels were highly variable but generally comparable to levels reported previously for birds of prey in the southeast US, suggesting exposure has not declined substantially over the past 40 yr. Despite their status as newly emerging environmental contaminants, PFC levels were within the same order of magnitude as legacy contaminants. Although PBDEs were less prevalent, levels were among the greatest observed in wildlife to date (Sigma PBDEs max. 200 mu g/g lipid). Relative contaminant profiles also varied between birds of prey utilizing low and high trophic levels; specifically PFCs contributed to a larger proportion of the contaminant burden in birds utilizing high trophic levels, whereas the legacy pesticide mirex was a larger contributor in low-trophic-level birds, indicating that relative exposure is in part dependent on foraging ecology. This study demonstrates that birds of prey continue to face exposure to legacy contaminants as well as newly emerging contaminants at levels of concern.
C1 [Yordy, Jennifer E.; Reiner, Jessica L.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Hollings Marine Lab, Charleston, SC 29412 USA.
[Rossman, Sam; Ostrom, Peggy H.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Zool, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
[Bargnesi, Keely; Hughes, Stacy; Elliot, James D.] Avian Conservat Ctr, Charleston, SC 29402 USA.
[Bargnesi, Keely; Hughes, Stacy; Elliot, James D.] Ctr Birds Prey, Charleston, SC 29402 USA.
RP Yordy, JE (reprint author), Mote Marine Lab, 1600 Ken Thompson Pkwy, Sarasota, FL 34211 USA.
EM jyordy@mote.org
NR 28
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 3
U2 54
PU WILDLIFE DISEASE ASSOC, INC
PI LAWRENCE
PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA
SN 0090-3558
J9 J WILDLIFE DIS
JI J. Wildl. Dis.
PD APR
PY 2013
VL 49
IS 2
BP 347
EP 354
DI 10.7589/2012-03-084
PG 8
WC Veterinary Sciences
SC Veterinary Sciences
GA 128YP
UT WOS:000317805900015
PM 23568910
ER
PT J
AU Minor, C
Kersh, GJ
Gelatt, T
Kondas, AV
Pabilonia, KL
Weller, CB
Dickerson, BR
Duncan, CG
AF Minor, Cody
Kersh, Gilbert J.
Gelatt, Tom
Kondas, Ashley V.
Pabilonia, Kristy L.
Weller, Christina B.
Dickerson, Bobette R.
Duncan, Colleen G.
TI Coxiella burnetii in Northern Fur Seals and Steller Sea Lions of Alaska
SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE DISEASES
LA English
DT Article
DE Antibody prevalence; Coxiella burnetii; marine mammals; northern fur
seal; Steller sea lion
ID Q-FEVER; INFECTION
AB Coxiella burnetii, a zoonotic bacterium, has recently been identified in several marine mammal species on the Pacific Coast of North America, but little is known about the epidemiology, transmission, and pathogenesis in these species. We tested sera archived from northern fur seals (NFS, Callorhinus ursinus; n=236) and Steller sea lions (SSL, Eumetopias jubatus; n=72) sampled in Alaska for C. burnetii antibodies, and vaginal swabs from NFS (n=40) for C. burnetii by qPCR. The antibody prevalence in NFS samples from 2009 and 2011 (69%) was significantly higher than in 1994 (49%). The antibody prevalence of SSL samples from 2007 to 2011 was 59%. All NFS vaginal swabs were negative for C. burnetii, despite an 80% antibody prevalence in the matched sera. The significant increase in antibody prevalence in NFS from 1994 to 2011 suggests that the pathogen may be increasingly common or that there is marked temporal variation within the vulnerable NFS population. The high antibody prevalence in SSL suggests that this pathogen may also be significant in the endangered SSL population. These results confirm that C. burnetii is more prevalent within these populations than previously known. More research is needed to determine how this bacterium may affect individual, population, and reproductive health of marine mammals.
C1 [Minor, Cody; Pabilonia, Kristy L.; Weller, Christina B.; Duncan, Colleen G.] Colorado State Univ, Coll Vet Med & Biomed Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Kersh, Gilbert J.; Kondas, Ashley V.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Rickettsial Zoonoses Branch, Atlanta, GA USA.
[Gelatt, Tom; Dickerson, Bobette R.] NOAA, Natl Marine Mammal Lab, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Seattle, WA USA.
RP Duncan, CG (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Coll Vet Med & Biomed Sci, 300 West Drake Ave, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
EM colleen.duncan@colostate.edu
FU US Department of Agriculture, National Institute of Food and
Agriculture, Animal Health and Disease Program; Centers for Disease
Control and Prevention (CDC)
FX C.M. was supported by an appointment to the Merial Veterinary Scholars
Program and funded by the US Department of Agriculture, National
Institute of Food and Agriculture, Animal Health and Disease Program.
A.V.K. was supported by an appointment to the Emerging Infectious
Diseases Fellowship program administered by the Association of Public
Health Laboratories and funded by the Centers for Disease Control and
Prevention (CDC). Serum samples from NFS sub-adult males were collected
with cooperation from the Aleut Community of Saint Paul Island Tribal
Government. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the
authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the CDC or the
Department of Health and Human Services. All tissue samples were
collected under authority of US Marine Mammal Permit 782-1708 issued to
the National Marine Mammal Lab, Seattle, Washington, USA. The findings
and conclusions in this paper are those of the authors and do not
necessarily represent the views of the National Marine Fisheries
Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NMFS, NOAA).
Reference to trade names does not imply endorsement by NMFS, NOAA. We
thank Katie Sweeney for creating Figure 1.
NR 11
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 1
U2 19
PU WILDLIFE DISEASE ASSOC, INC
PI LAWRENCE
PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA
SN 0090-3558
J9 J WILDLIFE DIS
JI J. Wildl. Dis.
PD APR
PY 2013
VL 49
IS 2
BP 441
EP 446
DI 10.7589/2012-09-226
PG 6
WC Veterinary Sciences
SC Veterinary Sciences
GA 128YP
UT WOS:000317805900030
PM 23568925
ER
PT J
AU Hoguet, J
Keller, JM
Reiner, JL
Kucklick, JR
Bryan, CE
Moors, AJ
Pugh, RS
Becker, PR
AF Hoguet, Jennifer
Keller, Jennifer M.
Reiner, Jessica L.
Kucklick, John R.
Bryan, Colleen E.
Moors, Amanda J.
Pugh, Rebecca S.
Becker, Paul R.
TI Spatial and temporal trends of persistent organic pollutants and mercury
in beluga whales (Delphinapterus leucas) from Alaska
SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Beluga; Alaska; Persistent organic pollutants; Mercury; Temporal trends;
Spatial trends
ID POLYBROMINATED DIPHENYL ETHERS; DOLPHINS TURSIOPS-TRUNCATUS; LIONS
ZALOPHUS-CALIFORNIANUS; ARCTIC MARINE ECOSYSTEM; LAWRENCE-RIVER ESTUARY;
POLYCHLORINATED-BIPHENYLS; ORGANOCHLORINE COMPOUNDS; TRANSPLACENTAL
TRANSFER; FLAME RETARDANTS; SARASOTA BAY
AB Remote locations, such as the Arctic, are often sinks for persistent contaminants which can ultimately bioaccumulate in local wildlife. Assessing temporal contaminant trends in the Arctic is important in understanding whether restrictions on legacy persistent organic pollutants (POPs) have led to concentration declines. Beluga whale (Delphinapterus leucas) tissue samples were collected from two subpopulations (Cook Inlet, Alaska and the eastern Chukchi Sea) between 1989 and 2006. Several POPs (polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), dichlorodiphenyldichloroethane and related compounds (DDTs), chlordanes, hexachlorocyclohexanes (HCHs), chlorobenzenes, mirex, polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and semi-quantitatively hexabromocyclododecanes (HBCDs)) were measured in 70 blubber samples, and total mercury (Hg) was measured in 67 liver samples from a similar set of individuals. Legacy POPs (PCBs, chlordanes, DDTs, and HCHs) were the predominant organic compound classes in both subpopulations, with median concentrations of 2360 ng/g lipid for Sigma(80)PCBs and 1890 ng/g lipid for Sigma 6DDTs. Backward stepwise multiple regressions showed that at least one of the four independent variables (subpopulation, sampling year, sex, and animal length) influenced the POP and Hg concentrations. Sigma PCBs, Sigma DDTs, Sigma chlordanes, Sigma chlorobenzenes, mirex, and Hg were significantly higher in belugas from the eastern Chukchi Sea than from the Cook Inlet (p <= 0.0001). In contrast, Sigma 8PBDE and alpha-HBCD concentrations were significantly lower in belugas from the eastern Chukchi Sea than from the Cook Inlet (p<0.0001). Significant temporal increases in concentrations of Sigma 8PBDE and alpha-HBCD were observed for both subpopulations (p <= 0.0003), and temporal declines were seen for Sigma HCHs and Sigma chlorobenzenes in eastern Chukchi Sea belugas only (p <= 0.0107). All other POP and Hg concentrations were stable, indicating either a lagging response of the Arctic to source reductions or the maintenance of concentrations by unregulated sources. Sex and length also significantly influenced some concentrations, and these findings are discussed. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Hoguet, Jennifer; Keller, Jennifer M.; Kucklick, John R.; Bryan, Colleen E.; Moors, Amanda J.; Pugh, Rebecca S.; Becker, Paul R.] NIST, Div Chem Sci, Hollings Marine Lab, Charleston, SC 29412 USA.
[Reiner, Jessica L.] NIST, Div Chem Sci, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Keller, JM (reprint author), Hollings Marine Lab, 331 Ft Johnson Rd, Charleston, SC 29412 USA.
EM Jennifer.Keller@noaa.gov
FU Minerals Management Service, U.S. Geological Survey Biological Resources
Division (USGS BRD); National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) Office of
Protected Resources; National Institute of Standards and Technology
(NIST); NMFS Alaska Region; USGS BRD Alaska Science Center
FX All specimens used in this study were collected and banked through the
Alaska Marine Mammal Tissue Archival Project (AMMTAP) with funding
support from the Minerals Management Service, U.S. Geological Survey
Biological Resources Division (USGS BRD), National Marine Fisheries
Service (NMFS) Office of Protected Resources (Teri Bowles), and the
National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). The following
individuals and organizations are acknowledged for their aid in the
specimen collections and banking: Robert Suydam, North Slope Borough
Department of Wildlife Management; Geoff Carroll, Alaska Department of
Fish and Game; Barbara Mahoney, Brad Smith and Matt Eagleton, NMFS
Western Alaska Field Office; Geoff York and Kristin Simak, USGS BRD; the
Alaska Beluga Whale Committee; Barbara Porter and Lauren Rust, NIST
Marine Environmental Specimen Bank. Funding support for the analysis was
provided by the NMFS Alaska Region and the USGS BRD Alaska Science
Center.
NR 79
TC 19
Z9 20
U1 10
U2 115
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0048-9697
J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON
JI Sci. Total Environ.
PD APR 1
PY 2013
VL 449
BP 285
EP 294
DI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.01.072
PG 10
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 125KH
UT WOS:000317538200033
PM 23435060
ER
PT J
AU Liang, ZB
He, ZL
Zhou, XX
Powell, CA
Yang, YG
He, LM
Stoffella, PJ
AF Liang, Zhanbei
He, Zhenli
Zhou, Xuxia
Powell, Charles A.
Yang, Yuangen
He, Li Ming
Stoffella, Peter J.
TI Impact of mixed land-use practices on the microbial water quality in a
subtropical coastal watershed
SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Surface runoff water; Fecal indicator bacteria; Salmonella; Land use;
Host specific marker; Environmental parameters
ID FECAL INDICATOR BACTERIA; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; SOUTH FLORIDA; PCR ASSAY;
POLLUTION; SALMONELLA; CONTAMINATION; STREAM; ASSOCIATIONS; PERSISTENCE
AB Surface runoff water is an important non-point source of fecal pollution to downstream water; however, there is a lack of systematic studies on the microbial quality of surface runoff water from watersheds with mixed land uses. In this study water samples from 12 surface runoff holding water bodies (SRW), which collected runoff from various patterns of land use within the St. Lucie watershed along the southeastern coastline of Florida, were collected monthly for 22 months. The concentration of fecal indicator bacteria (FIB) and frequency of detection of Salmonella and host specific markers (HF183, CF128, CF193, and HS-esp) were determined, and their associations with land use, rainfall, and water physico-chemical parameters were investigated. Higher FIB concentrations were observed from urban land and cattle ranch sites. Within the same primary land use pattern, different sub-patterns did not have the same level of FIB: golf communities contributed less to fecal pollution than residential areas, and plant nursery sites contained relative higher FIB concentrations than other agricultural sites. Salmonella, CF128, and CF193 markers were more frequently detected from the cattle ranch sites. In contrast the frequency of detecting human specific markers (HF183 and HS-esp) was much higher in residential sites. Rainfall positively affected the concentration of FIB and occurrence of Salmonella, possibly by providing more inputs or mobilizing the sources from sediments. Water temperature, dissolved organic carbon (DOC), and nutrient levels were positively correlated with FIB concentrations and occurrence in SRW, possibly by promoting their growth and survival. This study indicated the need for site specific mitigation strategies to improve SRW and downstream water quality. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Liang, Zhanbei; He, Zhenli; Zhou, Xuxia; Powell, Charles A.; Yang, Yuangen; Stoffella, Peter J.] Univ Florida, Inst Food & Agr Sci, Indian River Res & Educ Ctr, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA.
[He, Li Ming] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Sacramento, CA 95814 USA.
RP He, ZL (reprint author), Univ Florida, Inst Food & Agr Sci, Indian River Res & Educ Ctr, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA.
EM lzbei001@gmail.com; zhe@ufl.edu; zhouxx1205@163.com; capowell@ufl.edu;
ygyang@ufl.edu; li-ming.he@noaa.gov; pjs@ufl.edu
RI He, Zhenli/R-1494-2016
OI He, Zhenli/0000-0001-7761-2070
FU South Florida Water Management District [4600001774]; GIS
FX This study was in part supported by a grant (contract#4600001774) from
South Florida Water Management District. Authors acknowledge Dr.
Chonggang Xu for GIS support. Special thanks are extended to anonymous
reviewers whose comments improved the manuscript.
NR 52
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 3
U2 45
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0048-9697
J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON
JI Sci. Total Environ.
PD APR 1
PY 2013
VL 449
BP 426
EP 433
DI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.01.087
PG 8
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 125KH
UT WOS:000317538200049
PM 23454704
ER
PT J
AU Clark, AJ
Gao, JD
Marsh, PT
Smith, T
Kain, JS
Correia, J
Xue, M
Kong, FY
AF Clark, Adam J.
Gao, Jidong
Marsh, Patrick T.
Smith, Travis
Kain, John S.
Correia, James, Jr.
Xue, Ming
Kong, Fanyou
TI Tornado Pathlength Forecasts from 2010 to 2011 Using Ensemble Updraft
Helicity
SO WEATHER AND FORECASTING
LA English
DT Article
ID LARGE-EDDY SIMULATION; VARIATIONAL STATISTICAL-ANALYSIS; TURBULENCE
CLOSURE-MODEL; PREDICTION SYSTEM ARPS; YAMADA LEVEL-3 MODEL; PART I;
REGIONAL PREDICTION; MICROPHYSICS PARAMETERIZATION; RECURSIVE FILTERS;
NUMERICAL ASPECTS
AB Examining forecasts from the Storm Scale Ensemble Forecast (SSEF) system run by the Center for Analysis and Prediction of Storms for the 2010 NOAA/Hazardous Weather Testbed Spring Forecasting Experiment, recent research diagnosed a strong relationship between the cumulative pathlengths of simulated rotating storms (measured using a three-dimensional object identification algorithm applied to forecast updraft helicity) and the cumulative pathlengths of tornadoes. This paper updates those results by including data from the 2011 SSEF system, and illustrates forecast examples from three major 2011 tornado outbreaks-16 and 27 April, and 24 May-as well as two forecast failure cases from June 2010. Finally, analysis updraft helicity (UH) from 27 April 2011 is computed using a three-dimensional variational data assimilation system to obtain 1.25-km grid-spacing analyses at 5-min intervals and compared to forecast UH from individual SSEF members.
C1 [Clark, Adam J.; Marsh, Patrick T.; Smith, Travis; Correia, James, Jr.] Univ Oklahoma, Cooperat Inst Mesoscale Meteorol Studies, Norman, OK 73019 USA.
[Clark, Adam J.; Gao, Jidong; Marsh, Patrick T.; Smith, Travis; Kain, John S.] NOAA OAR Natl Severe Storms Lab, Norman, OK USA.
[Marsh, Patrick T.; Xue, Ming] Univ Oklahoma, Sch Meteorol, Norman, OK 73019 USA.
[Correia, James, Jr.] NOAA Storm Predict Ctr, Norman, OK USA.
[Xue, Ming; Kong, Fanyou] Univ Oklahoma, Ctr Anal & Predict Storms, Norman, OK 73019 USA.
RP Clark, AJ (reprint author), NSSL FRDD, Natl Weather Ctr, 120 David L Boren Blvd, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
EM adam.clark@noaa.gov
RI Xue, Ming/F-8073-2011
OI Xue, Ming/0000-0003-1976-3238
FU NOAA/Office of Oceanic and Atmospheric Research under NOAA-University of
Oklahoma [NA17RJ1227]; U.S. Department of Commerce; NOAA Collaborative
Science, Technology, and Applied Research (CSTAR) Program; NSF
[AGS-0802888, OCI-0905040, AGS-0941491, AGS-1046171, AGS-1046081]
FX Funding for AJC, PTM, and JC was provided by NOAA/Office of Oceanic and
Atmospheric Research under NOAA-University of Oklahoma Cooperative
Agreement NA17RJ1227, U.S. Department of Commerce. CAPS SSEF forecasts
were supported by the NOAA Collaborative Science, Technology, and
Applied Research (CSTAR) Program with supplementary support from NSF
Grant AGS-0802888. M. Xue was supported by NSF Grants OCI-0905040,
AGS-0941491, AGS-1046171, and AGS-1046081. CAPS forecasts were supported
by an allocation of advanced computing resources provided by the
National Science Foundation. The computations were performed on Athena
(a Cray XT4) at the National Institute for Computational Science
(http://www.nics.tennessee.edu/). CAPS utilized resources from the OU
Supercomputing Center for Research and Education for ensemble
postprocessing. Many scientists at CAPS, including Kevin Thomas, Yunheng
Wang, Keith Brewster, Xuguang Wang, and Jerry Brotzge, contributed to
the design and production of the CAPS ensemble forecasts. Christopher
Karstens helped with displaying GIS tornado track data, and the
comments/suggestions from two anonymous reviewers were very helpful in
improving the manuscript.
NR 58
TC 20
Z9 21
U1 0
U2 8
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0882-8156
J9 WEATHER FORECAST
JI Weather Forecast.
PD APR
PY 2013
VL 28
IS 2
BP 387
EP 407
DI 10.1175/WAF-D-12-00038.1
PG 21
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 128XY
UT WOS:000317804200006
ER
PT J
AU Blanchard, DO
AF Blanchard, David O.
TI A Comparison of Wind Speed and Forest Damage Associated with Tornadoes
in Northern Arizona
SO WEATHER AND FORECASTING
LA English
DT Article
ID NORWAY SPRUCE; SIMPLE-MODEL; SNOW DAMAGE; SCOTS PINE; CLIMATOLOGY; BIRCH
AB Damage surveys in the aftermath of tornadoes occurring in the forested regions of the Mogollon Rim in northern Arizona have been assessed using the enhanced Fujita scale (EF scale) damage indicator (DI) and degree of damage (DOD) tables. These surveys often revealed different DODs within close proximity as well as different spatial patterns and areal extent of tree damage exhibiting the same DOD, making the determination of wind speed and EF-scale ratings challenging. A localized tornado outbreak occurred across northern Arizona on 6 October 2010, producing at least 11 tornadoes and substantial areas of forest damage. Remarkably, one of these tornadoes passed over a three-dimensional sonic anemometer. Wind data from this sensor are compared with tree damage in the adjacent forest to assess the performance of the EF-scale metrics for damage to trees.
C1 [Blanchard, David O.] NOAA Natl Weather Serv, Flagstaff, AZ USA.
RP Blanchard, DO (reprint author), NOAA Natl Weather Serv, POB 16057, Bellemont, AZ 86001 USA.
EM david.o.blanchard@noaa.gov
NR 28
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 11
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0882-8156
J9 WEATHER FORECAST
JI Weather Forecast.
PD APR
PY 2013
VL 28
IS 2
BP 408
EP 417
DI 10.1175/WAF-D-12-00046.1
PG 10
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 128XY
UT WOS:000317804200007
ER
PT J
AU Peng, PT
Barnston, AG
Kumar, A
AF Peng, Peitao
Barnston, Anthony G.
Kumar, Arun
TI A Comparison of Skill between Two Versions of the NCEP Climate Forecast
System (CFS) and CPC's Operational Short-Lead Seasonal Outlooks
SO WEATHER AND FORECASTING
LA English
DT Article
ID UNITED-STATES; EL-NINO; PREDICTION; TEMPERATURE
AB Analyses of the relative prediction skills of NOAA's Climate Forecast System versions 1 and 2 (CFSv1 and CFSv2, respectively), and the NOAA/Climate Prediction Center's (CPC) operational seasonal outlook, are conducted over the 15-yr common period of 1995-2009. The analyses are applied to predictions of seasonal mean surface temperature and total precipitation over the conterminous United States for the shortest and most commonly used lead time of 0.5 months. The assessments include both categorical and probabilistic verification diagnostics-their seasonalities, spatial distributions, and probabilistic reliability. Attribution of skill to specific physical sources is attempted when possible. Motivations for the analyses are to document improvements in skill between two generations of NOAA's dynamical seasonal prediction system and to inform the forecast producers, but more importantly the user community, of the skill of the CFS model now in use (CFSv2) to help guide the users' decision-making processes. The CFSv2 model is found to deliver generally higher mean predictive skill than CFSv1. This result is strongest for surface temperature predictions, and may be related to the use of time-evolving CO2 concentration in CFSv2, in contrast to a fixed (and now outdated) concentration used in CFSv1. CFSv2, and especially CFSv1, exhibit more forecast "over-confidence" than the official seasonal outlooks, despite that the CFSv2 hindcasts have outperformed the outlooks more than half of the time. Results justify the greater weight given to CFSv2 in developing the final outlooks than given to previous dynamical input tools (e.g., CFSv1) and indicate that CFSv2 should be of greater interest to users.
C1 [Peng, Peitao; Kumar, Arun] NOAA Climate Predict Ctr, Washington, DC USA.
[Barnston, Anthony G.] Columbia Univ, Earth Inst, Int Res Inst Climate & Soc, Palisades, NY USA.
RP Kumar, A (reprint author), 5830 Univ Res Ct, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
EM arun.kumar@noaa.gov
NR 32
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 0
U2 10
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0882-8156
J9 WEATHER FORECAST
JI Weather Forecast.
PD APR
PY 2013
VL 28
IS 2
BP 445
EP 462
DI 10.1175/WAF-D-12-00057.1
PG 18
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 128XY
UT WOS:000317804200010
ER
PT J
AU Lakshmanan, V
Hondl, K
Potvin, CK
Preignitz, D
AF Lakshmanan, Valliappa
Hondl, Kurt
Potvin, Corey K.
Preignitz, David
TI An Improved Method for Estimating Radar Echo-Top Height
SO WEATHER AND FORECASTING
LA English
DT Article
AB It is demonstrated that the traditional method, in widespread use on Next Generation Weather Radar (NEXRAD) and other radar systems, to compute echo-top heights results in both under- and over-estimates. It is proposed that echo tops be computed by interpolating between elevation scans that bracket the echo-top threshold. The traditional and proposed techniques are evaluated using simulated radar samples of a modeled thunderstorm and by sampling a high-resolution range height indicator (RHI) of a real thunderstorm. It is shown that the proposed method results in smaller errors when higher-elevation scans are available.
C1 [Lakshmanan, Valliappa; Potvin, Corey K.; Preignitz, David] Univ Oklahoma, Cooperat Inst Mesoscale Meteorol Studies, Norman, OK 73019 USA.
[Lakshmanan, Valliappa; Hondl, Kurt; Potvin, Corey K.; Preignitz, David] NOAA, Natl Severe Storms Lab, Norman, OK 73069 USA.
RP Lakshmanan, V (reprint author), 120 David L Boren Blvd, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
EM lakshman@ou.edu
FU NOAA/Office of Oceanic and Atmospheric Research under NOAA-University of
Oklahoma [NA11OAR4320072]; U.S. Department of Commerce; National
Research Council postdoctoral award at NSSL
FX Funding for V. Lakshmanan and D. Preignitz was provided by NOAA/Office
of Oceanic and Atmospheric Research under NOAA-University of Oklahoma
Cooperative Agreement NA11OAR4320072, U.S. Department of Commerce. C.
Potvin was supported by a National Research Council postdoctoral award
at NSSL. We thank Ben Baranowski, Chris Porter, Brent Shaw, and Beth
Clarke of Weather Decision Technologies (WDT) for posing the question-of
why WDSS-II echo-top heights were different from those in the level III
stream-that prompted this note. Finally, we wish to thank Don Burgess,
Rodger Brown, and Vincent Wood of NSSL for their helpful comments during
the preparation of this manuscript.
NR 19
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0882-8156
J9 WEATHER FORECAST
JI Weather Forecast.
PD APR
PY 2013
VL 28
IS 2
BP 481
EP 488
DI 10.1175/WAF-D-12-00084.1
PG 8
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 128XY
UT WOS:000317804200012
ER
PT J
AU Le Marshall, J
Seecamp, R
Xiao, Y
Gregory, P
Jung, J
Stienle, P
Skinner, T
Tingwell, C
Le, T
AF Le Marshall, John
Seecamp, Rolf
Xiao, Yi
Gregory, Paul
Jung, Jim
Stienle, Peter
Skinner, Terry
Tingwell, Chris
Le, Tan
TI The Operational Generation of Continuous Winds in the Australian Region
and Their Assimilation with 4DVAR
SO WEATHER AND FORECASTING
LA English
DT Article
ID ATMOSPHERIC MOTION VECTORS; NUMERICAL WEATHER PREDICTION; SYSTEM; IMPACT
AB Atmospheric motion vectors (AMVs) have been generated continuously from Multifunctional Transport Satellite 1 Replacement (MTSAT-1R) radiance data (imagery) since 2005, and more recently from MTSAT-2, which are operated by the Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA). These are the primary geostationary meteorological satellites observing the western Pacific, Asia, and the Australian region. The vectors are used operationally, for analysis in the Darwin Regional Forecast Office. The near-continuous AMVs have been stringently error characterized and used in near-real-time trials to gauge their impact on operational regional numerical weather prediction (NWP), using four-dimensional variational data assimilation (4DVAR). The use of these locally generated hourly vectors (the only hourly AMY source in the region at the time) and 4DVAR has resulted in both improved temporal and spatial data coverage in the operational regional forecast domain. The beneficial impact of these data on the Bureau of Meteorology's (Bureau's) current operational system is described. After these trials, the hourly MTSAT AMVs were introduced into the Bureau's National Meteorological and Oceanographic Centre's (NMOC) operational NWP suite for use by the operational Australian Community Climate Earth System Simulator (ACCESS) regional and global models, ACCESS-R and ACCESS-G, respectively. Examples of their positive impact on both midlatitude and tropical cyclone forecasts are presented.
C1 [Le Marshall, John; Xiao, Yi; Gregory, Paul; Stienle, Peter; Skinner, Terry; Tingwell, Chris; Le, Tan] Bur Meteorol, CAWCR, Melbourne, Vic, Australia.
[Seecamp, Rolf] Bur Meteorol, Melbourne, Vic 3008, Australia.
[Jung, Jim] JCSDA, Camp Springs, MD USA.
RP Le Marshall, J (reprint author), Bur Meteorol, 700 Collins St, Melbourne, Vic 3008, Australia.
EM j.lemarshall@bom.gov.au
NR 23
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 4
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0882-8156
J9 WEATHER FORECAST
JI Weather Forecast.
PD APR
PY 2013
VL 28
IS 2
BP 504
EP 514
DI 10.1175/WAF-D-12-00018.1
PG 11
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 128XY
UT WOS:000317804200014
ER
PT J
AU Hitchens, NM
Brooks, HE
Kay, MP
AF Hitchens, Nathan M.
Brooks, Harold E.
Kay, Michael P.
TI Objective Limits on Forecasting Skill of Rare Events
SO WEATHER AND FORECASTING
LA English
DT Article
ID VERIFICATION
AB A method for determining baselines of skill for the purpose of the verification of rare-event forecasts is described and examples are presented to illustrate the sensitivity to parameter choices. These "practically perfect" forecasts are designed to resemble a forecast that is consistent with that which a forecaster would make given perfect knowledge of the events beforehand. The Storm Prediction Center's convective outlook slight risk areas are evaluated over the period from 1973 to 2011 using practically perfect forecasts to define the maximum values of the critical success index that a forecaster could reasonably achieve given the constraints of the forecast, as well as the minimum values of the critical success index that are considered the baseline for skillful forecasts. Based on these upper and lower bounds, the relative skill of convective outlook areas shows little to no skill until the mid-1990s, after which this value increases steadily. The annual frequency of skillful daily forecasts continues to increase from the beginning of the period of study, and the annual cycle shows maxima of the frequency of skillful daily forecasts occurring in May and June.
C1 [Hitchens, Nathan M.; Brooks, Harold E.] NOAA, Natl Severe Storms Lab, OAR, Norman, OK 73069 USA.
[Kay, Michael P.] Univ Oklahoma, Cooperat Inst Mesoscale Meteorol Studies, Norman, OK 73019 USA.
[Kay, Michael P.] NOAA, NWS, Storm Predict Ctr, Norman, OK USA.
RP Hitchens, NM (reprint author), Ball State Univ, Dept Geog, Muncie, IN 47306 USA.
EM nmhitchens@bsu.edu
OI Hitchens, Nathan/0000-0003-4659-111X
FU National Research Council Research Associateship Award at the National
Severe Storms Laboratory
FX This research was performed while the first author held a National
Research Council Research Associateship Award at the National Severe
Storms Laboratory. The impetus for the origins of the research date back
to conversations the second author had with Allan Murphy in the
mid-1990s. The constructive comments and suggestions made by the three
anonymous reviewers helped improve the manuscript.
NR 11
TC 5
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 7
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0882-8156
J9 WEATHER FORECAST
JI Weather Forecast.
PD APR
PY 2013
VL 28
IS 2
BP 525
EP 534
DI 10.1175/WAF-D-12-00113.1
PG 10
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 128XY
UT WOS:000317804200016
ER
PT J
AU Liu, YQ
Peters-Lidard, CD
Kumar, S
Foster, JL
Shaw, M
Tian, YD
Fall, GM
AF Liu, Yuqiong
Peters-Lidard, Christa D.
Kumar, Sujay
Foster, James L.
Shaw, Michael
Tian, Yudong
Fall, Gregory M.
TI Assimilating satellite-based snow depth and snow cover products for
improving snow predictions in Alaska
SO ADVANCES IN WATER RESOURCES
LA English
DT Article
DE Data assimilation; Satellite snow products; Snow prediction; Streamflow
prediction
ID ENSEMBLE KALMAN FILTER; LAND INFORMATION-SYSTEM; HYDROLOGY MODEL;
SURFACE MODEL; MODIS; FRAMEWORK; AREA
AB Several satellite-based snow products are assimilated, both separately and jointly, into the Noah land surface model for improving snow prediction in Alaska. These include the standard and interpreted versions of snow cover fraction (SCF) data from the Moderate-Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) and the snow depth (SD) estimates from the Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer for the Earth Observing System (AMSR-E). The satellite-based SD estimates are adjusted against in situ observations via statistical interpolation to reduce the potentially large biases, prior to being assimilated using an ensemble Kalman filter. A customized, rule-based direct insertion approach is developed to assimilate the two SCF datasets. Our results indicate that considerable overall improvement on snow prediction can be achieved via assimilating the bias-adjusted satellite SD estimates; however, the improvement does not always translate into improvements in streamflow prediction. Assimilating the standard MODIS SCF is found to have little impact on snow and streamflow predictions, while assimilating the interpreted SCF estimates, which have reduced cloud coverage and improved snow mapping accuracy, has resulted in the most consistent improvements on snow and streamflow predictions across the study domain. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Liu, Yuqiong; Kumar, Sujay; Tian, Yudong] Univ Maryland, Earth Syst Sci Interdisciplinary Ctr, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Liu, Yuqiong; Peters-Lidard, Christa D.; Foster, James L.; Shaw, Michael; Tian, Yudong] NASA, Hydrol Sci Lab, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD USA.
[Kumar, Sujay; Shaw, Michael] Sci Applicat Int Corp, Beltsville, MD USA.
[Shaw, Michael] AF Weather Agcy, Offutt, NE USA.
[Fall, Gregory M.] Natl Operat Hydrol Remote Sensing Ctr, Chanhassem, MN USA.
RP Liu, YQ (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Earth Syst Sci Interdisciplinary Ctr, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
EM Yuqiong.Liu@nasa.gov
RI Kumar, Sujay/B-8142-2015; Peters-Lidard, Christa/E-1429-2012
OI Peters-Lidard, Christa/0000-0003-1255-2876
FU NASA [NNX08AU51G]; NASA; NOAA; Air Force Weather Agency (AFWA)
FX Support for this study was provided by NASA under Grant NNX08AU51G and
as part of NASA's contribution to the National Climate Assessment
program. Additional funding comes from NOAA and the Air Force Weather
Agency (AFWA). Comments from Martyn Clark and an anonymous reviewer
helped to improve this manuscript.
NR 65
TC 25
Z9 28
U1 5
U2 38
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0309-1708
J9 ADV WATER RESOUR
JI Adv. Water Resour.
PD APR
PY 2013
VL 54
BP 208
EP 227
DI 10.1016/j.advwatres.2013.02.005
PG 20
WC Water Resources
SC Water Resources
GA 122UT
UT WOS:000317344300015
ER
PT J
AU Basu, N
Head, J
Nam, DH
Pilsner, JR
Carvan, MJ
Chan, HM
Goetz, FW
Murphy, CA
Rouvinen-Watt, K
Scheuhammer, AM
AF Basu, Niladri
Head, Jessica
Nam, Dong-Ha
Pilsner, J. Richard
Carvan, Michael J.
Chan, Hing Man
Goetz, Frederick W.
Murphy, Cheryl A.
Rouvinen-Watt, Kirsti
Scheuhammer, Anton M.
TI Effects of methylmercury on epigenetic markers in three model species:
Mink, chicken and yellow perch
SO COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY C-TOXICOLOGY & PHARMACOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Mercury; Ecotoxicology; Wildlife; Environmental epigenetics; DNA
methylation
ID DNA-METHYLATION; DIETARY METHYLMERCURY; CAPTIVE MINK; STEM-CELLS;
MERCURY; EXPOSURE; HEALTH; FISH; WILD; HYPOMETHYLATION
AB We previously reported that methylmercury (MeHg) exposure is associated with DNA hypomethylation in the brain stem of male polar bears. Here, we conveniently use archived tissues obtained from controlled laboratory exposure studies to look for evidence that MeHg can disrupt DNA methylation across taxa. Brain (cerebrum) tissues from MeHg-exposed mink (Neovison vison), chicken (Gallus gallus) and yellow perch (Perca flavescens) were analyzed for total Hg levels and global DNA methylation. Tissues from chicken and mink, but not perch, were also analyzed for DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) activity. In mink we observed significant reductions in global DNA methylation in an environmentally-relevant dietary exposure group (1 ppm MeHg), but not in a higher group (2 ppm MeHg). DNMT activity was significantly reduced in all treatment groups. In chicken or yellow perch, no statistically significant effects of MeHg were observed. Dose-dependent trends were observed in the chicken data but the direction of the change was not consistent between the two endpoints. Our results suggest that MeHg can be epigenetically active in that it has the capacity to affect DNA methylation in mammals. The variability in results across species may suggest inter-taxa differences in epigenetic responses to MeHg, or may be related to differences among the exposure scenarios used as animals were exposed to MeHg through different routes (dietary, egg injection), for different periods of time (19-89 days) and at different life stages (embryonic, juvenile, adult). (C) 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 [Basu, Niladri; Head, Jessica; Nam, Dong-Ha] Univ Michigan, Dept Environm Hlth Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
[Head, Jessica] Univ Michigan, Cooperat Inst Limnol & Ecosyst Res, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
[Nam, Dong-Ha] Chonnam Natl Univ, Coll Nat Sci, Dept Biol Sci, Kwangju 500757, South Korea.
[Pilsner, J. Richard] Univ Massachusetts, Div Environm Hlth Sci, Amherst, MA 01003 USA.
[Carvan, Michael J.] Univ Wisconsin, Great Lakes Wisconsin Aquaculture Technol & Envir, Milwaukee, WI 53204 USA.
[Chan, Hing Man] Univ Ottawa, Ctr Adv Res Environm Genom, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada.
[Goetz, Frederick W.] NOAA, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
[Murphy, Cheryl A.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
[Rouvinen-Watt, Kirsti] Dalhousie Univ, Fac Agr, Truro, NS B2N 5E3, Canada.
[Scheuhammer, Anton M.] Environm Canada, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Ottawa, ON K1A 0H3, Canada.
RP Basu, N (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Dept Environm Hlth Sci, 109 S Observatory St, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
EM niladri@umich.edu
RI Chan, Laurie /C-4055-2014;
OI Carvan, Michael/0000-0002-9190-9417; Basu, Niladri/0000-0002-2695-1037
FU Collaborative Mercury Research Network (COMERN); Natural Science and
Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC); National Oceanic and
Atmospheric Administration; University of Michigan School of Public
Health
FX This study was funded by a Collaborative Mercury Research Network
(COMERN) grant to A.S. and H.M.C., Natural Science and Engineering
Research Council of Canada (NSERC) grants to H.M.C. and N.B., a National
Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration grant to J.H., and University of
Michigan School of Public Health funding to N.B. We are thankful to the
Canadian Centre for Fur Animal Research (especially Merridy Rankin, Rena
Currie, Sarah Gatti-Yorke, Tanya Morse, Cindy Crossman, Jody Muise, and
Margot White) for the mink studies, to Krittika Mittal, Jennifer
Rutkiewicz, and Mark Bradley for the chicken studies, and to Matthew
Pickens for the perch studies. We thank the various anonymous reviewers
of this article. No conflict of interest is declared, and the authors
assume sole responsibility for the contents of this article.
NR 27
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 2
U2 63
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 1532-0456
J9 COMP BIOCHEM PHYS C
JI Comp. Biochem. Physiol. C-Toxicol. Pharmacol.
PD APR
PY 2013
VL 157
IS 3
BP 322
EP 327
DI 10.1016/j.cbpc.2013.02.004
PG 6
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism;
Toxicology; Zoology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism;
Toxicology; Zoology
GA 124FS
UT WOS:000317449800009
PM 23481557
ER
PT J
AU Cohen, S
Kettner, AJ
Syvitski, JPM
Fekete, BM
AF Cohen, Sagy
Kettner, Albert J.
Syvitski, James P. M.
Fekete, Balazs M.
TI WBMsed, a distributed global-scale riverine sediment flux model: Model
description and validation
SO COMPUTERS & GEOSCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
DE Sediment flux; Water discharge; Suspended sediment; WBMplus; BQART;
Global transport model; FrAMES
ID FLUVIAL SEDIMENT; COASTAL OCEAN; WATER-BALANCE; DISCHARGE;
PRECIPITATION; EVAPORATION; REANALYSIS; BASINS; RUNOFF; HUMANS
AB Quantifying continental sediment flux is a fundamental goal of earth-system science. Ongoing measurements of riverine-suspended sediment fluxes to the oceans are limited (< 10% of rivers) and intrabasin measurements are even scarcer. Numerical models provide a useful bridge to this measurement gap and offer insight to past and future trends in response to human and environmental changes. BQART is a global empirical model that calculates long-term suspended sediment loads. The Psi statistical model accounts for intra- and interannual variability in these BQART sediment flux predictions. Here BQART and Psi are compiled as a new module of the WBMplus global daily water balance/transport model, a central component in the FrAMES hydrological-biogeochemical modeling scheme. The resulting model (WBMsed) simulates spatially and temporally explicit (pixel scale and daily) sediment fluxes over continental Earth. We test WBMsed predictions with (1) observed sediment loads at 95 river mouths and to the original BQART predictions for these rivers, and (2) 11 years of daily sediment flux observations of 11 USGS stations. The results show that WBMsed captures the multiyear average, interannual and intraannual trends but considerably over- and underpredict daily fluxes for extreme discharge periods. These over- and underpredictions are mainly driven by respective mispredictions of water discharge fluxes. Future improvements to WBMsed to address these limitations are provided. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Cohen, Sagy; Kettner, Albert J.; Syvitski, James P. M.] Univ Colorado, Inst Arctic & Alpine Res, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Fekete, Balazs M.] CUNY City Coll, NOAA CREST Ctr, CUNY Environm CrossRd Initiat, New York, NY 10031 USA.
RP Cohen, S (reprint author), Univ Alabama, Dept Geog, Box 870322, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA.
EM sagy.cohen@as.ua.edu
RI Syvitski, James/L-2008-2013;
OI Cohen, Sagy/0000-0002-3354-2864
FU NASA [PZ07124]
FX This research is made possible by NASA under Grant PZ07124. We
gratefully acknowledge CSDMS for computing time on the CSDMS
High-Performance Computing Cluster. We thank the USGS "Water Data for
the Nation" for having water discharge and sediment flux data publically
available. Our thanks are also extended to two referees for providing
helpful comments to this paper.
NR 34
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 1
U2 20
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0098-3004
EI 1873-7803
J9 COMPUT GEOSCI-UK
JI Comput. Geosci.
PD APR
PY 2013
VL 53
BP 80
EP 93
DI 10.1016/j.cageo.2011.08.011
PG 14
WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Geosciences,
Multidisciplinary
SC Computer Science; Geology
GA 120IM
UT WOS:000317164000010
ER
PT J
AU Astakhov, AS
Wang, RJ
Crane, K
Ivanov, MV
Gao, AG
AF Astakhov, A. S.
Wang Rujian
Crane, K.
Ivanov, M. V.
Gao Aiguo
TI Lithochemical classification of the arctic depositional environments
(Chukchi Sea) by methods of multivariate statistic
SO GEOCHEMISTRY INTERNATIONAL
LA English
DT Article
DE statistical analysis; lithochemical analysis; terrigenous sedimentation;
sediment chemistry; geochemical associations; Chukchi Sea
ID SURFACE SEDIMENTS; BOTTOM SEDIMENTS; PACIFIC; METALS; GEOCHEMISTRY;
MINERALOGY
AB This paper presents data on the chemical composition of bottom sediments from the Chukchi Sea and the adjacent Arctic Ocean. Multivariate statistical techniques were used for the analysis of the data set and revealed that grain size fractionation of the original terrigenous component during sedimentation was the major factor of the clustering of the samples. Secondary factors include the accumulation of biogenic siliceous and carbonate material and chemogenic or biochemical accumulation of iron, manganese, and some trace elements. The latter factor was significant in areas of tectonic activity within the graben-rift system of the Chukchi Sea.
C1 [Astakhov, A. S.; Ivanov, M. V.] Russian Acad Sci, Far East Branch, VI Ilichev Oceanol Inst, Vladivostok 690041, Russia.
[Wang Rujian] Tongji Univ, Shanghai 200092, Peoples R China.
[Crane, K.] Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Silver Spring, MD USA.
[Gao Aiguo] Xiamen Univ, Xiamen, Peoples R China.
RP Astakhov, AS (reprint author), Russian Acad Sci, Far East Branch, VI Ilichev Oceanol Inst, Ul Baltiiskaya 43, Vladivostok 690041, Russia.
EM astakhov@poi.dvo.ru
RI HUANG, Shuiying/C-3117-2014
FU Russian Foundation for Basic Research [09-05-98585, 12-05-91167]
FX The authors thank O.V. Dudarev, B.I. Sirenko, and V.I. Dzhurinskii for
providing additional samples for analysis. Russian Foundation for Basic
Research (grant nos. 09-05-98585 and 12-05-91167).
NR 47
TC 4
Z9 5
U1 1
U2 7
PU MAIK NAUKA/INTERPERIODICA/SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1578 USA
SN 0016-7029
J9 GEOCHEM INT+
JI Geochem. Int.
PD APR
PY 2013
VL 51
IS 4
BP 269
EP 289
DI 10.1134/S001670291302002X
PG 21
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 127HD
UT WOS:000317687700002
ER
PT J
AU Ding, SG
Yang, P
Baum, BA
Heidinger, A
Greenwald, T
AF Ding, Shouguo
Yang, Ping
Baum, Bryan A.
Heidinger, Andrew
Greenwald, Thomas
TI Development of a GOES-R Advanced Baseline Imager Solar Channel Radiance
Simulator for Ice Clouds
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID CORRELATED-K-DISTRIBUTION; ATMOSPHERIC RADIATIVE-TRANSFER; ABSORPTION
CROSS-SECTIONS; MULTIPLE-SCATTERING; ALGORITHM; MODIS; AEROSOL; MODELS;
RANGE; BANDS
AB This paper describes the development of an ice cloud radiance simulator for the anticipated Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite R (GOES-R) Advanced Baseline Imager (ABI) solar channels. The simulator is based on the discrete ordinates radiative transfer (DISORT) model. A set of correlated k-distribution (CKD) models is developed for the ABI solar channels to account for atmospheric trace gas absorption. The CKD models are based on the ABI spectral response functions and also consider when multiple gases have overlapping absorption. The related errors of the transmittance profile are estimated on the basis of the exact line-by-line results, and it is found that errors in transmittance are less than 0.2% for all but one of the ABI solar channels. The exception is for the 1.378-mm channel, centered near a strong water vapor absorption band, for which the errors are less than 2%. For ice clouds, the band-averaged bulk-scattering properties for each ABI [and corresponding Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS)] solar channel are derived using an updated single-scattering property database of both smooth and severely roughened ice particles, which include droxtals, hexagonal plates, hexagonal hollow and solid columns, three-dimensional hollow and solid bullet rosettes, and several types of aggregates. The comparison shows close agreement between the radiance simulator and the benchmark model, the line-by-line radiative transfer model (LBLRTM)+ DISORT model. The radiances of the ABI and corresponding MODIS measurements are compared. The results show that the radiance differences between the ABI and MODIS channels under ice cloud conditions are likely due to the different band-averaged imaginary indices of refraction.
C1 [Ding, Shouguo; Yang, Ping] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Atmospher Sci, College Stn, TX 77843 USA.
[Baum, Bryan A.; Greenwald, Thomas] Univ Wisconsin, Ctr Space Sci & Engn, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[Heidinger, Andrew] NOAA, NESDIS, Ctr Satellite Applicat & Res, Madison, WI USA.
RP Yang, P (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Dept Atmospher Sci, College Stn, TX 77843 USA.
EM pyang@tamu.edu
RI Yang, Ping/B-4590-2011; Baum, Bryan/B-7670-2011; Ding,
Shouguo/F-2673-2012; Heidinger, Andrew/F-5591-2010
OI Baum, Bryan/0000-0002-7193-2767; Heidinger, Andrew/0000-0001-7631-109X
FU NOAA [EE133E-11-SE-3250]; University of Wisconsin [329K453]
FX This work was partially supported by a NOAA contract (EE133E-11-SE-3250)
and a subcontract from the University of Wisconsin (329K453).
NR 39
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 5
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 1558-8424
J9 J APPL METEOROL CLIM
JI J. Appl. Meteorol. Climatol.
PD APR
PY 2013
VL 52
IS 4
BP 872
EP 888
DI 10.1175/JAMC-D-12-0180.1
PG 17
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 128EX
UT WOS:000317753000009
ER
PT J
AU Ralph, FM
Coleman, T
Neiman, PJ
Zamora, RJ
Dettinger, MD
AF Ralph, F. M.
Coleman, T.
Neiman, P. J.
Zamora, R. J.
Dettinger, M. D.
TI Observed Impacts of Duration and Seasonality of Atmospheric-River
Landfalls on Soil Moisture and Runoff in Coastal Northern California
SO JOURNAL OF HYDROMETEOROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID WINTER STORM; WEST-COAST; PRECIPITATION; CALJET; SATELLITE; WATER;
CONNECTION; MOUNTAINS; RAINFALL
AB This study is motivated by diverse needs for better forecasts of extreme precipitation and floods. It is enabled by unique hourly observations collected over six years near California's Russian River and by recent advances in the science of atmospheric rivers (ARs). This study fills key gaps limiting the prediction of ARs and, especially, their impacts by quantifying the duration of AR conditions and the role of duration in modulating hydrometeorological impacts. Precursor soil moisture conditions and their relationship to streamflow are also shown. On the basis of 91 well-observed events during 2004-10, the study shows that the passage of ARs over a coastal site lasted 20 h on average and that 12% of the AR events exceeded 30 h. Differences in storm-total water vapor transport directed up the mountain slope contribute 74% of the variance in storm-total rainfall across the events and 61% of the variance in storm-total runoff volume. ARs with double the composite mean duration produced nearly 6 times greater peak streamflow and more than 7 times the storm-total runoff volume. When precursor soil moisture was less than 20%, even heavy rainfall did not lead to significant streamflow. Predicting which AR events are likely to produce extreme impacts on precipitation and runoff requires accurate prediction of AR duration at landfall and observations of precursor soil moisture conditions.
C1 [Ralph, F. M.; Coleman, T.; Neiman, P. J.; Zamora, R. J.] NOAA, Div Phys Sci, ESRL, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Coleman, T.] CIRES, Boulder, CO USA.
[Dettinger, M. D.] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, San Diego, CA 92103 USA.
[Dettinger, M. D.] US Geol Survey, La Jolla, CA USA.
RP Ralph, FM (reprint author), NOAA, Div Phys Sci, ESRL, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM marty.ralph@noaa.gov
NR 33
TC 46
Z9 47
U1 1
U2 34
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 1525-755X
EI 1525-7541
J9 J HYDROMETEOROL
JI J. Hydrometeorol.
PD APR
PY 2013
VL 14
IS 2
BP 443
EP 459
DI 10.1175/JHM-D-12-076.1
PG 17
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 125SI
UT WOS:000317561200004
ER
PT J
AU Neiman, PJ
Ralph, FM
Moore, BJ
Hughes, M
Mahoney, KM
Cordeira, JM
Dettinger, MD
AF Neiman, Paul J.
Ralph, F. Martin
Moore, Benjamin J.
Hughes, Mimi
Mahoney, Kelly M.
Cordeira, Jason M.
Dettinger, Michael D.
TI The Landfall and Inland Penetration of a Flood-Producing Atmospheric
River in Arizona. Part I: Observed Synoptic-Scale, Orographic, and
Hydrometeorological Characteristics
SO JOURNAL OF HYDROMETEOROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID WESTERN UNITED-STATES; SIERRA-NEVADA; PACIFIC-OCEAN; COLD-FRONT;
PRECIPITATION; CALIFORNIA; MOUNTAINS; SATELLITE; FREQUENCY; MOISTURE
AB Atmospheric rivers (ARs) are a dominant mechanism for generating intense wintertime precipitation along the U. S. West Coast. While studies over the past 10 years have explored the impact of ARs in, and west of, California's Sierra Nevada and the Pacific Northwest's Cascade Mountains, their influence on the weather across the intermountain west remains an open question. This study utilizes gridded atmospheric datasets, satellite imagery, rawinsonde soundings, a 449-MHz wind profiler and global positioning system (GPS) receiver, and operational hydrometeorological observing networks to explore the dynamics and inland impacts of a landfalling, flood-producing AR across Arizona in January 2010. Plan-view, cross-section, and back-trajectory analyses quantify the synoptic and mesoscale forcing that led to widespread precipitation across the state. The analyses show that a strong AR formed in the lower midlatitudes over the northeastern Pacific Ocean via frontogenetic processes and sea surface latent-heat fluxes but without tapping into the adjacent tropical water vapor reservoir to the south. The wind profiler, GPS, and rawinsonde observations document strong orographic forcing in a moist neutral environment within the AR that led to extreme, orographically enhanced precipitation. The AR was oriented nearly orthogonal to the Mogollon Rim, a major escarpment crossing much of central Arizona, and was positioned between the high mountain ranges of northern Mexico. High melting levels during the heaviest precipitation contributed to region-wide flooding, while the high-altitude snowpack increased substantially. The characteristics of the AR that impacted Arizona in January 2010, and the resulting heavy orographic precipitation, are comparable to those of landfalling ARs and their impacts along the west coasts of midlatitude continents.
C1 [Neiman, Paul J.; Ralph, F. Martin] NOAA, Div Phys Sci, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Moore, Benjamin J.; Hughes, Mimi; Mahoney, Kelly M.] NOAA, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, ESRL, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Cordeira, Jason M.] NOAA, Natl Res Council, ESRL, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Dettinger, Michael D.] US Geol Survey, La Jolla, CA USA.
[Dettinger, Michael D.] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
RP Neiman, PJ (reprint author), NOAA, Div Phys Sci, Earth Syst Res Lab, Mail Code R PSD2,325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM paul.j.neiman@noaa.gov
RI Hughes, Mimi/C-3710-2009
OI Hughes, Mimi/0000-0002-4554-9289
FU Bureau of Reclamation [R11AC81334]; Cooperative Institute for Research
in Environmental Sciences at the University of Colorado [R11AC81334]
FX This project was funded in part by Cooperative Agreement R11AC81334
between the Bureau of Reclamation and the Cooperative Institute for
Research in Environmental Sciences at the University of Colorado. Jim
Adams assisted in the electronic drafting of figures. Allen White
generated the terrain base maps. Darren Jackson provided customized
satellite imagery. Chengmin Hsu of NOAA-CIRES created the graphics
showing the cumulative fraction of basin area for Arizona's Salt River.
We appreciate the comments and suggestions by Michael Alexander and
Kevin Werner of NOAA and from three anonymous reviewers. Their efforts
improved the scope and quality of this manuscript.
NR 59
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Z9 31
U1 1
U2 29
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 1525-755X
EI 1525-7541
J9 J HYDROMETEOROL
JI J. Hydrometeorol.
PD APR
PY 2013
VL 14
IS 2
BP 460
EP 484
DI 10.1175/JHM-D-12-0101.1
PG 25
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 125SI
UT WOS:000317561200005
ER
PT J
AU Kirstetter, PE
Hong, Y
Gourley, JJ
Schwaller, M
Petersen, W
Zhang, J
AF Kirstetter, Pierre-Emmanuel
Hong, Y.
Gourley, J. J.
Schwaller, M.
Petersen, W.
Zhang, J.
TI Comparison of TRMM 2A25 Products, Version 6 and Version 7, with
NOAA/NSSL Ground Radar-Based National Mosaic QPE
SO JOURNAL OF HYDROMETEOROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID SURFACE REFERENCE TECHNIQUE; RAIN-PROFILING ALGORITHM; PRECIPITATION
RADAR; SATELLITE; VALIDATION
AB Characterization of the error associated with satellite rainfall estimates is a necessary component of deterministic and probabilistic frameworks involving spaceborne passive and active microwave measurements for applications ranging from water budget studies to forecasting natural hazards related to extreme rainfall events. The authors focus here on the relative error structure of Tropical Rainfall Measurement Mission (TRMM) precipitation radar (PR) quantitative precipitation estimation (QPE) at the ground by comparison of 2A25 products with reference values derived from NOAA/NSSL's ground radar-based National Mosaic and QPE system (NMQ/Q2). The primary contribution of this study is to compare the new 2A25, version 7 (V7), products that were recently released as a replacement of version 6 (V6). Moreover, the authors supply uncertainty estimates of the rainfall products so that they may be used in a quantitative manner for applications like hydrologic modeling. This new version is considered superior over land areas and will likely be the final version for TRMM PR rainfall estimates. Several aspects of the two versions are compared and quantified, including rainfall rate distributions, systematic biases, and random errors. All analyses indicate that V7 is in closer agreement with the reference rainfall compared to V6.
C1 [Kirstetter, Pierre-Emmanuel; Hong, Y.] Univ Oklahoma, Sch Civil Engn & Environm Sci, Norman, OK 73019 USA.
[Kirstetter, Pierre-Emmanuel; Gourley, J. J.; Zhang, J.] NOAA, Natl Severe Storms Lab, Norman, OK 73069 USA.
[Kirstetter, Pierre-Emmanuel; Hong, Y.] Natl Weather Ctr, Atmospher Radar Res Ctr, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
[Schwaller, M.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Petersen, W.] NASA, Wallops Flight Facil, Wallops Isl, VA USA.
RP Hong, Y (reprint author), Natl Weather Ctr, Atmospher Radar Res Ctr, 120 David L Boren Blvd,Suite 4610, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
EM yanghong@ou.edu
RI Kirstetter, Pierre/E-2305-2013; Hong, Yang/D-5132-2009; Gourley,
Jonathan/C-7929-2016; Measurement, Global/C-4698-2015
OI Kirstetter, Pierre/0000-0002-7381-0229; Hong, Yang/0000-0001-8720-242X;
Gourley, Jonathan/0000-0001-7363-3755;
FU NASA Global Precipitation Measurement mission Ground Validation
Management
FX We are very much indebted to the team responsible for the NMQ/Q2
products, especially Carrie Langston. We want to thank two anonymous
reviewers, whose comments were very useful in improving the manuscript.
This work was funded by a postdoctoral grant from the NASA Global
Precipitation Measurement mission Ground Validation Management.
NR 34
TC 30
Z9 32
U1 0
U2 16
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 1525-755X
EI 1525-7541
J9 J HYDROMETEOROL
JI J. Hydrometeorol.
PD APR
PY 2013
VL 14
IS 2
BP 661
EP 669
DI 10.1175/JHM-D-12-030.1
PG 9
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 125SI
UT WOS:000317561200017
ER
PT J
AU Olfatnia, M
Sood, S
Gorman, JJ
Awtar, S
AF Olfatnia, Mohammad
Sood, Siddharth
Gorman, Jason J.
Awtar, Shorya
TI Large Stroke Electrostatic Comb-Drive Actuators Enabled by a Novel
Flexure Mechanism
SO JOURNAL OF MICROELECTROMECHANICAL SYSTEMS
LA English
DT Article
DE Comb drive; electrostatic actuator; flexure mechanism; large stroke
ID DESIGN; FORCE; DISPLACEMENTS; PERFORMANCE; FINGERS; SYSTEM; MODEL
AB This paper presents in-plane electrostatic comb-drive actuators with stroke as large as 245 mu m that is achieved by employing a novel clamped paired double parallelogram (C-DP-DP) flexure mechanism. The C-DP-DP flexuremechanism design offers high bearing direction stiffness K-ae while maintaining low motion direction stiffness K-y over a large range of motion direction displacement. The resulting high (K-ae/K-y) ratio mitigates the onset of sideways snap-in instability, thereby offering significantly greater actuation stroke compared with existing designs. Further improvement is achieved by reinforcing the individual beams in this flexure mechanism. While the traditional paired double parallelogram (DP-DP) flexure design with comb gap G = 3 mu m and flexure beam length L-1 = 1 mm results in a 50-mu m stroke before snap-in, the reinforced C-DP-DP design with the same comb gap and flexure beam length achieves a stroke of 141 mu m. Furthermore, this C-DP-DP flexure design provides a 215-mu m stroke with G = 4 mu m and a 245-mu m stroke with G = 6 mu m. The presented work includes closed-form stiffness expressions for the reinforced C-DP-DP flexure, a design procedure for selecting dimensions of the overall comb-drive actuator, microfabrication of some representative actuators, and experimental measurements demonstrating the large stroke.
C1 [Olfatnia, Mohammad; Sood, Siddharth; Awtar, Shorya] Univ Michigan, Dept Mech Engn, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA.
[Gorman, Jason J.] NIST, Engn Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Awtar, S (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Dept Mech Engn, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA.
EM olfatnia@umich.edu; siddsood@umich.edu; gorman@nist.gov; awtar@umich.edu
FU National Science Foundation [CMMI-0846738]; National Institute of
Science and Technology under a Measurement Science and Engineering
Graduate Fellowship
FX Manuscript received March 15, 2012; revised October 19, 2012; accepted
October 24, 2012. Date of publication December 12, 2012; date of current
version March 29, 2013. This work was supported in part by the National
Science Foundation under Grant CMMI-0846738. The work of S. Sood was
supported by the National Institute of Science and Technology under a
Measurement Science and Engineering Graduate Fellowship. The
experimental portion of this work was performed at the Lurie
Nanofabrication Facility, a member of the National Nanotechnology
Infrastructure Network, which is supported in part by the National
Science Foundation. Subject Editor L. Lin.
NR 42
TC 13
Z9 14
U1 0
U2 20
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 1057-7157
J9 J MICROELECTROMECH S
JI J. Microelectromech. Syst.
PD APR
PY 2013
VL 22
IS 2
BP 483
EP 494
DI 10.1109/JMEMS.2012.2227458
PG 12
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology;
Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Instruments &
Instrumentation; Physics
GA 120SF
UT WOS:000317191700028
ER
PT J
AU Mumme, WG
Grey, IE
Edwards, B
Turner, C
Nino, J
Vanderah, TA
AF Mumme, William G.
Grey, Ian E.
Edwards, Bryce
Turner, Christopher
Nino, Juan
Vanderah, Terrell A.
TI BiNb3O9, a metastable perovskite phase with Bi/vacancy ordering: Crystal
structure and dielectric properties
SO JOURNAL OF SOLID STATE CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE Perovskite; BiNb3O9; Crystal structure; Dielectric properties
ID OXIDES
AB The perovskite, BiNb3O9, is a metastable phase in the Bi2O3:Nb2O5 system that forms only when cooled from a liquid phase. Crystals of BiNb3O9 prepared in this way display pseudocubic 2a x 2a x 2a diffraction patterns, due to non-merohedral twinning of a tetragonal a x a x 2a cell, with the doubled axis oriented along all three pseudocubic axes. The structure was refined using data collected on a twinned crystal to R-1=0.034 for 318 observed reflections. BiNb3O9 has tetragonal symmetry, P4/mmm with a=3.9459(3) angstrom, c=7.8919(6) angstrom. Partial ordering of Bi atoms and vacancies occurs, with alternate (0 0 1) planes having 28% and 42% Bi occupancies. The Bi atoms are displaced from the A-site special positions by up to 0.4 angstrom. The compound exhibits a relatively high permittivity value of similar to 230 at room temperature, and shows a sharp increase with increasing temperature towards an apparent diffuse phase transition above similar to 180 degrees C, with an associated frequency dependent peak in the dielectric loss. (C) 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 [Mumme, William G.; Grey, Ian E.] CSIRO Proc Sci & Engn, Clayton, Vic 3169, Australia.
[Edwards, Bryce; Turner, Christopher; Nino, Juan] Univ Florida, Mat Sci & Engn Dept, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
[Vanderah, Terrell A.] NIST, Mat Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Grey, IE (reprint author), CSIRO Proc Sci & Engn, Box 312, Clayton, Vic 3169, Australia.
EM ian.grey@csiro.au
RI Nino, Juan/A-6496-2008
OI Nino, Juan/0000-0001-8256-0535
NR 21
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 16
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 0022-4596
J9 J SOLID STATE CHEM
JI J. Solid State Chem.
PD APR
PY 2013
VL 200
BP 323
EP 327
DI 10.1016/j.jssc.2013.01.052
PG 5
WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Chemistry, Physical
SC Chemistry
GA 120GE
UT WOS:000317158000049
ER
PT J
AU Murphy, DM
AF Murphy, D. M.
TI Little net clear-sky radiative forcing from recent regional
redistribution of aerosols
SO NATURE GEOSCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID OPTICAL DEPTH; TRENDS; MODIS
AB Aerosols both scatter and absorb incoming solar radiation, with consequences for the energy balance of the atmosphere. Unlike greenhouse gases, atmospheric aerosols are distributed non-uniformly around the Earth. Therefore, regional shifts in aerosol abundance could alter radiative forcing of the climate. Here, I use multi-angle imaging spectroradiometer (MISR) satellite data and the Atmospheric and Environmental Research radiative transfer model(1) to assess the radiative effect of the spatial redistribution of aerosols over the past decade. Unexpectedly, the radiative transfer model shows that the movement of aerosols from high latitudes towards the Equator, as might happen if pollution shifts from Europe to southeast Asia, has little effect on clear-sky radiative forcing. Shorter slant paths and smaller upscatter fractions near the Equator compensate for more total sunlight there. Overall, there has been an almost exact cancellation in the clear-sky radiative forcing from aerosol increases and decreases in different parts of the world, whereas MISR should have been able to easily detect a change of 0.1Wm(-2) per decade due to changing patterns. Long-term changes in global mean aerosol optical depth or indirect aerosol forcing of clouds are difficult to measure from satellites. However, the satellite data show that the regional redistribution of aerosols had little direct net effect on global average clear-sky radiative forcing from 2000 to 2012.
C1 Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Earth Syst Res Lab, Div Chem Sci, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Murphy, DM (reprint author), Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Earth Syst Res Lab, Div Chem Sci, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM daniel.m.murphy@noaa.gov
RI Murphy, Daniel/J-4357-2012; Manager, CSD Publications/B-2789-2015
OI Murphy, Daniel/0000-0002-8091-7235;
FU NOAA
FX This work was financially supported by NOAA base and climate-change
funding. I thank R. Kahn, J. Daniel and A. McComiskey for helpful
comments.
NR 23
TC 18
Z9 19
U1 4
U2 24
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI NEW YORK
PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA
SN 1752-0894
EI 1752-0908
J9 NAT GEOSCI
JI Nat. Geosci.
PD APR
PY 2013
VL 6
IS 4
BP 258
EP 262
DI 10.1038/NGEO1740
PG 5
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 117IJ
UT WOS:000316946500011
ER
PT J
AU Holland, WC
Litaker, RW
Tomas, CR
Kibler, SR
Place, AR
Davenport, ED
Tester, PA
AF Holland, William C.
Litaker, R. Wayne
Tomas, Carmelo R.
Kibler, Steven R.
Place, Allen R.
Davenport, Erik D.
Tester, Patricia A.
TI Differences in the toxicity of six Gambierdiscus (Dinophyceae) species
measured using an in vitro human erythrocyte lysis assay
SO TOXICON
LA English
DT Article
DE Cell lysis; Ciguatoxins; Ciguatera fish poisoning; Hemolytic assay;
Maitotoxin; Regional differences in toxicity
ID DINOFLAGELLATE ALEXANDRIUM; MARINE DINOFLAGELLATE; NITROGEN LIMITATION;
GENUS GAMBIERDISCUS; SODIUM-CHANNEL; SMOOTH-MUSCLE; SP-NOV; MAITOTOXIN;
CIGUATERA; CELLS
AB This study examined the toxicity of six Gambierdiscus species (Gambierdiscus belizeanus, Gambierdiscus caribaeus, Gambierdiscus carolinianus, Gambierdiscus carpenteri, Gambierdiscus ribotype 2 and Gambierdiscus ruetzleri) using a human erythrocyte lysis assay. In all, 56 isolates were tested. The results showed certain species were significantly more toxic than others. Depending on the species, hemolytic activity consistently increased by similar to 7-40% from log phase growth to late log - early stationary growth phase and then declined in mid-stationary growth phase. Increasing growth temperatures from 20 to 31 degrees C for clones of G. caribaeus showed only a slight increase in hemolytic activity between 20 and 27 degrees C. Hemolytic activity in the G. carolinianus isolates from different regions grown over the same 20-31 degrees C range remained constant. These data suggest that growth temperature is not a significant factor in modulating the inter-isolate and interspecific differences in hemolytic activity. The hemolytic activity of various isolates measured repeatedly over a 2 year period remained constant, consistent with the hemolytic compounds being constitutively produced and under strong genetic control. Depending on species, greater than 60-90% of the total hemolytic activity was initially associated with the cell membranes but diffused into solution over a 24 h assay incubation period at 4 degrees C. These findings suggest that hemolytic compounds produced by Gambierdiscus isolates were held in membrane bound vesicles as reported for brevetoxins produced by Karenia brevis. Gambierdiscus isolates obtained from other parts of the world exhibited hemolytic activities comparable to those found in the Caribbean and Gulf of Mexico confirming the range of toxicities is similar among Gambierdiscus species worldwide. Experiments using specific inhibitors of the MTX pathway and purified MTX, Gambierdiscus whole cell extracts, and hydrophilic cell extracts containing MTX, were consistent with MIX as the primary hemolytic compound produced by Gambierdiscus species. While the results from inhibition studies require validation by LC-MS analysis, the available data strongly suggest differences in hemolytic activity observed in this study reflect maitotoxicity. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Holland, William C.; Litaker, R. Wayne; Kibler, Steven R.; Davenport, Erik D.; Tester, Patricia A.] Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Natl Ocean Serv, Natl Ctr Coastal Ocean Sci, Ctr Coastal Fisheries & Habitat Res, Beaufort, NC 28516 USA.
[Tomas, Carmelo R.] Univ N Carolina, Ctr Marine Sci, Wilmington, NC 28409 USA.
[Place, Allen R.] Univ Maryland, Ctr Environm Sci, Inst Marine & Environm Technol, Baltimore, MD 21202 USA.
RP Litaker, RW (reprint author), Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Natl Ocean Serv, Natl Ctr Coastal Ocean Sci, Ctr Coastal Fisheries & Habitat Res, 101 Pivers Isl Rd, Beaufort, NC 28516 USA.
EM Wayne.Litaker@noaa.gov
RI Place, Allen/F-9267-2013
FU Ecology and Oceanography of Harmful Algal Blooms (ECOHAB) program [724]
FX We would like to thank Sherwood Hall for providing the saxitoxin and
John Ramsdell for the purified maitotoxin. Patrice Mason ran the
osmolality analysis. Richard Lewis kindly provided toxin extraction
protocols. We would also like to thank the follow individuals from the
National Ocean Service, National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science,
Center for Coastal Fisheries and Habitat Research and colleagues
assisting CCFHR on dive operations for their willingness to collect
samples from various locations in the Gulf of Mexico and the Caribbean:
Paula Whitfield, Christine A. Buckel, Brian Degan, Don Field, Jenny
VanderPlyum, Roldan Munoz, John Burke, Dave Cerino, Michael Dowgiallo,
Wilson Freshwater, David Johnson, Brett Harrison, Doug Kesling, William
Lee, Roger Mays, James Morris, Brandon Puckett, and Sherry Reed. We also
kindly thank Frankie and Chris Hill for providing samples. Avery Tatters
and Joanne Kelly from the Tomas lab at UNCW kindly provided instruction
and helped conduct some to the initial hemolytic assays. Reference to
trade names does not imply product endorsement by the National Ocean
Service, NOAA. Partial support was provided by the Ecology and
Oceanography of Harmful Algal Blooms (ECOHAB) program, contribution
#724. This is contribution #4715 from the University of Maryland Center
for Environmental Sciences and contribution #13102 from the Institute of
Marine and Environmental Technology.
NR 103
TC 9
Z9 11
U1 7
U2 49
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0041-0101
J9 TOXICON
JI Toxicon
PD APR
PY 2013
VL 65
BP 15
EP 33
DI 10.1016/j.toxicon.2012.12.016
PG 19
WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology
SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology
GA 120LQ
UT WOS:000317172200004
PM 23313447
ER
PT J
AU Kramida, A
Sansonetti, JE
AF Kramida, Alexander
Sansonetti, Jean E.
TI ENERGY LEVELS AND SPECTRAL LINES OF SINGLY IONIZED MANGANESE (Mn II)
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES
LA English
DT Article
DE atomic data; infrared: general; line: identification; methods:
laboratory; techniques: spectroscopic; ultraviolet: general
ID ETA-CARINAE; ULTRAVIOLET TRANSITIONS; WAVELENGTHS; VALUES
AB This compilation revises the previously recommended list of energy levels of singly ionized manganese (Mn II) and provides a comprehensive list of observed spectral lines and transition probabilities in this spectrum. The new level optimization takes into account critically assessed uncertainties of measured wavelengths and includes about a hundred high-precision wavelengths determined by laser spectroscopy and Fourier transform techniques. Uncertainties of 63% of energy levels and 74% of Ritz wavelengths are reduced by a factor of three on average.
C1 [Kramida, Alexander; Sansonetti, Jean E.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Kramida, A (reprint author), NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
OI Kramida, Alexander/0000-0002-0788-8087
FU National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) [NNH10AN38I]
FX This work was partially supported by the National Aeronautics and Space
Administration (NASA) under interagency agreement NNH10AN38I.
NR 18
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 9
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0067-0049
J9 ASTROPHYS J SUPPL S
JI Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser.
PD APR
PY 2013
VL 205
IS 2
AR 14
DI 10.1088/0067-0049/205/2/14
PG 5
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 118PL
UT WOS:000317037600004
ER
PT J
AU Ferraiolo, D
Gavrila, S
Jansen, W
AF Ferraiolo, David
Gavrila, Serban
Jansen, Wayne
TI Enabling an Enterprise-Wide, Data-Centric Operating Environment
SO COMPUTER
LA English
DT Article
AB The Policy Machine can execute arbitrary data services and specify and enforce arbitrary but mission-tailored access control policies over those executions.
C1 [Ferraiolo, David] NIST, Secure Syst & Applicat Grp, Comp Secur Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Gavrila, Serban] NIST, Comp Secur Div, Gaithersburg, MD USA.
[Jansen, Wayne] Booz Allen Hamilton, Tysons Corner, VA USA.
RP Ferraiolo, D (reprint author), NIST, Secure Syst & Applicat Grp, Comp Secur Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM david.ferraiolo@nist.gov; serban.gavrila@nist.gov; Jansen_wayne@bah.com
NR 0
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 0
PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC
PI LOS ALAMITOS
PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1314 USA
SN 0018-9162
J9 COMPUTER
JI Computer
PD APR
PY 2013
VL 46
IS 4
BP 94
EP 96
PG 3
WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Software
Engineering
SC Computer Science
GA 121OJ
UT WOS:000317253800016
ER
PT J
AU Large, SI
Smee, DL
AF Large, Scott I.
Smee, Delbert L.
TI Biogeographic variation in behavioral and morphological responses to
predation risk
SO OECOLOGIA
LA English
DT Article
DE Nucella lapillus; Carcinus maenas; Predator-prey interaction; Animal
behavior; Indirect interaction
ID NUCELLA-LAPILLUS L; MEDIATED INDIRECT INTERACTIONS; MARINE SNAIL; PREY
INTERACTIONS; CRAB PREDATION; WAVE-EXPOSURE; SHELL; DOGWHELKS;
GASTROPOD; HABITATS
AB The expression of prey antipredator defenses is often related to ambient consumer pressure, and prey express greater defenses under intense consumer pressure. Predation is generally greater at lower latitudes, and antipredator defenses often display a biogeographic pattern. Predation pressure may also vary significantly between habitats within latitudes, making biogeographic patterns difficult to distinguish. Furthermore, invasive predators may also influence the expression of prey defenses in ecological time. The purpose of this study was to determine how these factors influence the strength of antipredator responses. To assess patterns in prey antipredator defenses based upon geographic range (north vs. south), habitat type (wave-protected vs. wave-exposed shores), and invasive predators, we examined how native rock (Cancer irroratus) and invasive green (Carcinus maenas) crab predators influence the behavioral and morphological defenses of dogwhelk (Nucella lapillus) prey from habitats that differ in wave exposure across an similar to 230 km range within the Gulf of Maine. The expression of behavioral and morphological antipredatory responses varied according to wave exposure, geographic location, and predator species. Dogwhelks from areas with an established history with green crabs exhibited the largest behavioral and morphological antipredator responses to green crabs. Dogwhelk behavioral responses to rock crabs did not vary between habitats or geographic regions, although morphological responses were greater further south where predation pressure was greatest. These findings suggest that dogwhelk responses to invasive and native predators vary according to geographic location and habitat, and are strongly affected by ambient predation pressure due to the invasion history of an exotic predator.
C1 [Large, Scott I.; Smee, Delbert L.] Texas A&M Univ Corpus Christi, Corpus Christi, TX 78412 USA.
[Large, Scott I.] NOAA, Northeast Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Barnstable, MA 02543 USA.
RP Smee, DL (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ Corpus Christi, Corpus Christi, TX 78412 USA.
EM lee.smee@tamucc.edu
FU NSF-OCE [0648433]; Texas Research Development Fund; Addison E. Verrill
Award
FX We thank P. Jumars, T. Miller, and all other DMC personnel that assisted
us in this study; J. and E. Cohill for support; TAMU-CC Marine Ecology
Lab, P. Torres, and E. Robinson for help with collections and animal
care; P. Montagna provided statistical advice, P. Petraitis, R.D.
Overath, and A. Freeman made comments that improved the submission.
Funding support came from NSF-OCE grant 0648433 and the Texas Research
Development Fund to D. Smee, as well as an Addison E. Verrill Award to
S. Large.
NR 43
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 3
U2 81
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0029-8549
J9 OECOLOGIA
JI Oecologia
PD APR
PY 2013
VL 171
IS 4
BP 961
EP 969
DI 10.1007/s00442-012-2450-5
PG 9
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 116TR
UT WOS:000316906400018
PM 23001623
ER
PT J
AU Wolff, FC
Squires, D
Guillotreau, P
AF Wolff, Francois-Charles
Squires, Dale
Guillotreau, Patrice
TI The Firm's Management in Production: Management, Firm, and Time Effects
in an Indian Ocean Tuna Fishery
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS
LA English
DT Article
DE firm's management; firm; management; time effects; tuna fisheries
ID CROSS-SECTION DATA; HIGH WAGE WORKERS; TECHNICAL EFFICIENCY; SERIES;
BIAS; AGRICULTURE; PERSISTENCE; COMPETITION; INDUSTRIES; INPUTS
AB Exploiting variability in the managerial dimension, this paper presents firm management through firm and time effects in a production function that uses a three-way fixed effect model and a unique panel dataset that tracks multiple managers for each firm from 1980-2007. We allow for time-varying firm management through learning. The model is applied to the French purse-seine fleet harvesting tuna in the Indian Ocean. We find that skippers' learning-by-doing as measured by experience and job tenure plays no significant role, meaning that managerial ability is time-invariant.
C1 [Wolff, Francois-Charles; Guillotreau, Patrice] Univ Nantes, LEMNA, F-44035 Nantes, France.
[Wolff, Francois-Charles] Inst Natl Etud Demog, F-75675 Paris, France.
[Squires, Dale] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Silver Spring, MD USA.
[Squires, Dale] Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
RP Wolff, FC (reprint author), Univ Nantes, LEMNA, F-44035 Nantes, France.
FU EU-funded Data Collection Framework (DCF) [1543/2000, 199/2008]; French
Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR) [09-CEP-003]; European Commission
FX We are indebted to two anonymous reviewers and to the editor, David
Hennessy, for their very helpful comments and suggestions on a previous
draft. We also would like to thank seminar participants at the Fish
Aggregating Device conference in Tahiti (Ifremer) and at the Regards
workshop (University of Reims). The fisheries data analyzed in this
publication were collected by the Mixed Research Unit 212 "Exploited
Marine Ecosystems" of the Institut de Recherche pour le Developpement
(IRD) through the EU-funded Data Collection Framework (DCF, Reg (EC)
1543/2000 and 199/2008). We wish to acknowledge the contributions of
Organisation des Producteurs de Thon Tropical Congele et Surgele, the
staff of the publication Observatoire Thonier, and all the technicians
and fishermen that have been involved in data collection, processing,
and management. We are particularly grateful to Patrice Dewals for his
assistance with data and expertise on purseseine fisheries of the Indian
Ocean. We also acknowledge the support of the French Agence Nationale de
la Recherche (ANR), under grant CEP (changements environnementaux
planetaires) A Macroscope for Oceanic Earth System (ANR-09-CEP-003) and
the international projects Mitigating Adverse Ecological Impacts of Open
Ocean Fisheries (European Commission FP7) and Climate Impact on Oceanic
Top Predators (Integrated Marine Biogeochemistry and Ecosystem
Research).
NR 44
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 24
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
PI CARY
PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA
SN 0002-9092
J9 AM J AGR ECON
JI Am. J. Agr. Econ.
PD APR
PY 2013
VL 95
IS 3
BP 547
EP 567
DI 10.1093/ajae/aas140
PG 21
WC Agricultural Economics & Policy; Economics
SC Agriculture; Business & Economics
GA 117MY
UT WOS:000316958800001
ER
PT J
AU Linsky, JL
France, K
Ayres, T
AF Linsky, Jeffrey L.
France, Kevin
Ayres, Tom
TI COMPUTING INTRINSIC LY alpha FLUXES OF F5 V TO M5 V STARS
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE astrobiology; planets and satellites: atmospheres; stars: chromospheres;
stars: late-type; Sun: chromosphere; ultraviolet: stars
ID CA-II H; MAIN-SEQUENCE STARS; K-BAND SPECTRA; SUN-LIKE STARS; M-DWARFS;
XMM-NEWTON; CHROMOSPHERIC EMISSION; MAGNETIC ACTIVITY; ECHELLE SPECTRA;
HIGH-RESOLUTION
AB The Ly alpha emission line dominates the far-ultraviolet spectra of late-type stars and is a major source for photodissociation of important molecules including H2O, CH4, and CO2 in exoplanet atmospheres. The incident flux in this line illuminating an exoplanet's atmosphere cannot be measured directly as neutral hydrogen in the interstellar medium (ISM) attenuates most of the flux reaching the Earth. Reconstruction of the intrinsic Ly alpha line has been accomplished for a limited number of nearby stars, but is not feasible for distant or faint host stars. We identify correlations connecting the intrinsic Ly alpha flux with the flux in other emission lines formed in the stellar chromosphere, and find that these correlations depend only gradually on the flux in the other lines. These correlations, which are based on Hubble Space Telescope spectra, reconstructed Ly alpha line fluxes, and irradiance spectra of the quiet and active Sun, are required for photochemical models of exoplanet atmospheres when intrinsic Ly alpha fluxes are not available. We find a tight correlation of the intrinsic Ly alpha flux with stellar X-ray flux for F5 V to K5 V stars, but much larger dispersion for M stars. We also show that knowledge of the stellar effective temperature and rotation rate can provide reasonably accurate estimates of the Ly alpha flux for G and K stars, and less accurate estimates for cooler stars.
C1 [Linsky, Jeffrey L.] Univ Colorado, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Linsky, Jeffrey L.] NIST, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[France, Kevin; Ayres, Tom] Univ Colorado, CASA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RP Linsky, JL (reprint author), Univ Colorado, JILA, 440UCB, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
EM jlinsky@jilau1.colorado.edu
FU NASA [NAS 5-26555, NNX08AC146, NAS5-98043, HST-GO-11687.01-A]; [11534];
[11687]; [12034]; [12035]; [12464]
FX Guest Observer, NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope and User of the Data
Archive at the Space Telescope Science Institute. STScI is operated by
the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under
NASA contract NAS 5-26555. These observations were made as parts of
programs 11534, 11687, 12034, 12035, and 12464.; This work is supported
by NASA through grants NNX08AC146, NAS5-98043, and HST-GO-11687.01-A to
the University of Colorado at Boulder. We thank Martin Snow for
providing the SORCE data, and Jurgen Schmitt for providing X-ray
luminosities for M-dwarf stars. We thank the anonymous referee for a
thorough critique of the initial manuscript. J.L.L. thanks the
Kiepenheuer-Institut fur Sonnenphysik in Freiburg Germany for
hospitality while writing this paper. We thank Tom Woods for providing
the SORCE data and Steven Osterman for information on the COS
calibration.
NR 45
TC 26
Z9 26
U1 0
U2 2
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD APR 1
PY 2013
VL 766
IS 2
AR 69
DI 10.1088/0004-637X/766/2/69
PG 10
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 108UE
UT WOS:000316320900003
ER
PT J
AU Stensrud, DJ
Wicker, LJ
Xue, M
Dawson, DT
Yussouf, N
Wheatley, DM
Thompson, TE
Snook, NA
Smith, TM
Schenkman, AD
Potvin, CK
Mansell, ER
Lei, T
Kuhlman, KM
Jung, Y
Jones, TA
Gao, JD
Coniglio, MC
Brooks, HE
Brewster, KA
AF Stensrud, David J.
Wicker, Louis J.
Xue, Ming
Dawson, Daniel T., II
Yussouf, Nusrat
Wheatley, Dustan M.
Thompson, Therese E.
Snook, Nathan A.
Smith, Travis M.
Schenkman, Alexander D.
Potvin, Corey K.
Mansell, Edward R.
Lei, Ting
Kuhlman, Kristin M.
Jung, Youngsun
Jones, Thomas A.
Gao, Jidong
Coniglio, Michael C.
Brooks, Harold E.
Brewster, Keith A.
TI Progress and challenges with Warn-on-Forecast
SO ATMOSPHERIC RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Warnings; Real-time analyses; Ensemble forecasts
ID DOPPLER WIND ANALYSIS; DATA ASSIMILATION; KALMAN FILTER; RADAR DATA;
SENSITIVITY-ANALYSIS; TORNADIC SUPERCELL; CONVECTIVE-SCALE; WSR-88D
RADAR; PART I; SYSTEM
AB The current status and challenges associated with two aspects of Warn-on-Forecast a National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration research project exploring the use of a convective-scale ensemble analysis and forecast system to support hazardous weather warning operations are outlined. These two project aspects are the production of a rapidly-updating assimilation system to incorporate data from multiple radars into a single analysis, and the ability of short-range ensemble forecasts of hazardous convective weather events to provide guidance that could be used to extend warning lead times for tornadoes, hailstorms, damaging windstorms and flash floods. Results indicate that a three-dimensional variational assimilation system, that blends observations from multiple radars into a single analysis, shows utility when evaluated by forecasters in the Hazardous Weather Testbed and may help increase confidence in a warning decision. The ability of short-range convective-scale ensemble forecasts to provide guidance that could be used in warning operations is explored for five events: two tornadic supercell thunderstorms, a macroburst, a damaging windstorm and a flash flood. Results show that the ensemble forecasts of the three individual severe thunderstorm events are very good, while the forecasts from the damaging windstorm and flash flood events, associated with mesoscale convective systems, are mixed. Important interactions between mesoscale and convective-scale features occur for the mesoscale convective system events that strongly influence the quality of the convective-scale forecasts. The development of a successful Warn-on-Forecast system will take many years and require the collaborative efforts of researchers and operational forecasters to succeed. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Stensrud, David J.; Wicker, Louis J.; Dawson, Daniel T., II; Yussouf, Nusrat; Wheatley, Dustan M.; Thompson, Therese E.; Smith, Travis M.; Potvin, Corey K.; Mansell, Edward R.; Kuhlman, Kristin M.; Jones, Thomas A.; Gao, Jidong; Coniglio, Michael C.; Brooks, Harold E.] NOAA, Natl Severe Storms Lab, Norman, OK 73069 USA.
[Dawson, Daniel T., II; Yussouf, Nusrat; Wheatley, Dustan M.; Thompson, Therese E.; Smith, Travis M.; Kuhlman, Kristin M.; Jones, Thomas A.] Univ Oklahoma, Cooperat Inst Mesoscale Meteorol Studies, Norman, OK 73019 USA.
[Xue, Ming; Snook, Nathan A.; Schenkman, Alexander D.; Lei, Ting; Jung, Youngsun; Brewster, Keith A.] Univ Oklahoma, Ctr Anal & Predict Storms, Norman, OK 73019 USA.
RP Stensrud, DJ (reprint author), NOAA, Natl Severe Storms Lab, Norman, OK 73069 USA.
EM David.Stensrud@noaa.gov
RI Xue, Ming/F-8073-2011; Dawson II, Daniel/I-4552-2012; Ladwig,
Therese/N-3272-2014; Jung, Youngsun/O-6227-2016;
OI Xue, Ming/0000-0003-1976-3238; Dawson II, Daniel/0000-0002-2079-1247;
Ladwig, Therese/0000-0002-0950-274X; Jung, Youngsun/0000-0003-2265-9837;
Yussouf, Nusrat/0000-0003-4998-1770
FU NOAA/National Severe Storms Laboratory; NOM/Office of Oceanic and
Atmospheric Research under NOAA-University of Oklahoma, U.S. Department
of Commerce [NA11OAR4320072]
FX The authors thank our Warn-on-Forecast partners for their support of
this program, and the IT staffs of the various institutions for help
with computing resources. We also appreciate the helpful and
constructive input provided by two anonymous reviewers, which led to
improvements in the presentation. This work was performed while
co-author CKP held a National Research Council Research Associateship
Award at the NOAA/National Severe Storms Laboratory. Funding for some
authors was provided by NOM/Office of Oceanic and Atmospheric Research
under NOAA-University of Oklahoma Cooperative Agreement #NA11OAR4320072,
U.S. Department of Commerce.
NR 50
TC 37
Z9 37
U1 0
U2 15
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 0169-8095
J9 ATMOS RES
JI Atmos. Res.
PD APR 1
PY 2013
VL 123
SI SI
BP 2
EP 16
DI 10.1016/j.atmosres.2012.04.004
PG 15
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 112GL
UT WOS:000316580600002
ER
PT J
AU Sokol, Z
Kitzmiller, D
Pesice, P
Mejsnar, J
AF Sokol, Zbynek
Kitzmiller, David
Pesice, Petr
Mejsnar, Jan
TI Comparison of precipitation nowcasting by extrapolation and
statistical-advection methods
SO ATMOSPHERIC RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Precipitation forecast; Statistical models; Regression; Quantitative
precipitation forecast; Extrapolation forecast
ID CONTINENTAL RADAR IMAGES; FORECAST VERIFICATION; HIGH-RESOLUTION; MODEL;
PREDICTABILITY; ACCUMULATIONS; IMPACT
AB Two models for nowcasting of 1-h, 2-h and 3-h precipitation in the warm part of the year were evaluated. The first model was based on the extrapolation of observed radar reflectivity (COTREC-IPA) and the second one combined the extrapolation with the application of a statistical model (SAMR). The accuracy of the model forecasts was evaluated on independent data using the standard measures of root-mean-squared-error, absolute error, bias and correlation coefficient as well as by spatial verification methods Fractions Skill Score and SAL technique. The results show that SAMR yields slightly better forecasts during the afternoon period. On the other hand very small or no improvement is realized at night and in the very early morning. COTREC-IPA and SAMR forecast a very similar horizontal structure of precipitation patterns but the model forecasts differ in values. SAME, similarly as COTREC-IPA, is not able to develop new storms or significantly intensify already existing storms. This is caused by a large uncertainty regarding future development On the other hand, the SAMR model can reliably predict decreases in precipitation intensity. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Sokol, Zbynek; Pesice, Petr; Mejsnar, Jan] Inst Atmospher Phys ASCR, Prague 14131, Czech Republic.
[Kitzmiller, David] NOAA, Natl Weather Serv, Off Hydrol Dev, Washington, DC USA.
RP Sokol, Z (reprint author), Inst Atmospher Phys ASCR, Bocni II 1401, Prague 14131, Czech Republic.
EM sokol@ufa.cas.cz
RI Sokol, Zbynek/K-4382-2012; Pesice, Petr/F-5118-2014; Mejsnar,
Jan/H-6271-2014
OI Sokol, Zbynek/0000-0001-9408-9138;
FU Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports of the Czech Republic [ME09033]
FX The SAM model was developed in collaboration with the NOAA National
Weather Service and the Institute of Atmospheric Physics ASCR. This work
was supported by the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports of the
Czech Republic under the grant ME09033. The data were kindly provided by
the Czech Hydrometeorological Institute. The authors would like to
appreciate valuable comments of reviewers, which significantly improved
the paper.
NR 25
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Z9 5
U1 0
U2 13
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 0169-8095
J9 ATMOS RES
JI Atmos. Res.
PD APR 1
PY 2013
VL 123
SI SI
BP 17
EP 30
DI 10.1016/j.atmosres.2012.10.013
PG 14
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 112GL
UT WOS:000316580600003
ER
PT J
AU Brooks, HE
AF Brooks, H. E.
TI Severe thunderstorms and climate change
SO ATMOSPHERIC RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Severe thunderstorms; Tornadoes; Climate change
ID UNITED-STATES; REANALYSIS PROJECT; SEVERE HAILSTORMS; ENVIRONMENTS;
PROBABILITY; PARAMETERS; INTENSITY; AUSTRALIA; TRENDS
AB As the planet warms, it is important to consider possible impacts of climate change on severe thunderstorms and tornadoes. To further that discussion, the current distribution of severe thunderstorms as a function of large-scale environmental conditions is presented. Severe thunderstorms are much more likely to form in environments with large values of convective available potential energy (CAPE) and deep-tropospheric wind shear. Tornadoes and large hail are preferred in high-shear environments and non-tomadic wind events in low shear. Further, the intensity of tornadoes and hail, given that they occur, tends to be almost entirely a function of the shear and only weakly depends on the thermodynamics.
Climate model simulations suggest that CAPE will increase in the future and the wind shear will decrease. Detailed analysis has suggested that the CAPE change will lead to more frequent environments favorable for severe thunderstorms, but the strong dependence on shear for tornadoes, particularly the strongest ones, and hail means that the interpretation of how individual hazards will change is open to question. The recent development of techniques to use higher-resolution models to estimate the occurrence of storms of various kinds is discussed. Given the large interannual variability in environments and occurrence of events, caution is urged in interpreting the observational record as evidence of climate change. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 NOAA, Natl Severe Storms Lab, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
RP Brooks, HE (reprint author), NOAA, Natl Severe Storms Lab, 120 David L Boren Blvd, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
EM harold.brooks@noaa.gov
NR 39
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U1 1
U2 71
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 0169-8095
J9 ATMOS RES
JI Atmos. Res.
PD APR 1
PY 2013
VL 123
SI SI
BP 129
EP 138
DI 10.1016/j.atmosres.2012.04.002
PG 10
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 112GL
UT WOS:000316580600011
ER
PT J
AU Hitchens, NM
Brooks, HE
AF Hitchens, Nathan M.
Brooks, Harold E.
TI Preliminary investigation of the contribution of supercell thunderstorms
to the climatology of heavy and extreme precipitation in the United
States
SO ATMOSPHERIC RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Rainfall; Precipitation; Supercell; Thunderstorm; Extremes; Severe
storms
ID EVENTS; QPE
AB The hazards attributed to supercell thunderstorms are primarily considered to be tornadoes, large hail, and damaging winds, but flooding from heavy and extreme rainfall is not as often considered with these storms. As a result there has been little research on the role that supercells play in the production of heavy and extreme rainfall events. In order to assess the contribution of supercells to the climatology of short-duration precipitation extremes the present study uses the Warning Decision Support System Integrated Information to objectively identify supercell thunderstorms from mosaicked radar data during the year 2009 and associate them with high-resolution, accurate multisensor precipitation estimates at time scales of one hour. Supercells are found to be more likely than non-supercells to produce extreme and heavy precipitation, and comparisons are also made between storm types according to month. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Hitchens, Nathan M.; Brooks, Harold E.] Natl Severe Storms Lab, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
RP Hitchens, NM (reprint author), Natl Severe Storms Lab, 120 David L Boren Blvd, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
EM Nathan.Hitchens@noaa.gov
OI Hitchens, Nathan/0000-0003-4659-111X
FU National Severe Storms Laboratory
FX This research was performed while the first author held a National
Research Council Research Associateship Award at the National Severe
Storms Laboratory. The authors would like to thank John Cintineo for
sharing his storm typing dataset, Angelyn Hobson and Valliappa
Lakshmanan for their help with WDSS-II, and the National Severe Storms
Laboratory's Hydrometeorology Research Group for providing and assisting
with Q2 data.
NR 19
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 9
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 0169-8095
J9 ATMOS RES
JI Atmos. Res.
PD APR 1
PY 2013
VL 123
SI SI
BP 206
EP 210
DI 10.1016/j.atmosres.2012.06.023
PG 5
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 112GL
UT WOS:000316580600017
ER
PT J
AU Setvak, M
Bedka, K
Lindsey, DT
Sokol, A
Charvat, Z
St'astka, J
Wang, PK
AF Setvak, Martin
Bedka, Kristopher
Lindsey, Daniel T.
Sokol, Alois
Charvat, Zdenek
St'astka, Jindrich
Wang, Pao K.
TI A-Train observations of deep convective storm tops
SO ATMOSPHERIC RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Convective storm; Storm-top; Overshooting top; Cold-ring shape; Cold-U
shape; Enhanced-V feature; Lower stratosphere; A-Train, CloudSat;
CALIPSO; MODIS
ID 3-DIMENSIONAL NUMERICAL-SIMULATION; OKLAHOMA TORNADIC STORMS;
UPPER-LEVEL STRUCTURE; SATELLITE-OBSERVATIONS; BRIGHTNESS TEMPERATURES;
WATER-VAPOR; THUNDERSTORM; CLOUDS; STRATOSPHERE; DYNAMICS
AB The paper highlights simultaneous observations of tops of deep convective clouds from several space-borne instruments including the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) of the Aqua satellite, Cloud Profiling Radar (CPR) of the CloudSat satellite, and Cloud-Aerosol Lidar with Orthogonal Polarization (CALIOP) flown on the CALIPSO satellite. These satellites share very close orbits, thus together with several other satellites they are referred to as the "A-Train" constellation. Though the primary responsibility of these satellites and their instrumentation is much broader than observations of fine-scale processes atop convective storms, in this study we document how data from the A-Train can contribute to a better understanding and interpretation of various storm-top features, such as overshooting tops, cold-U/V and cold ring features with their coupled embedded warm areas, above anvil ice plumes and jumping cirrus. The relationships between MODIS multi-spectral brightness temperature difference (BTD) fields and cloud top signatures observed by the CPR and CALIOP are also examined in detail to highlight the variability in BTD signals across convective storm events. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Setvak, Martin; Charvat, Zdenek; St'astka, Jindrich] Czech Hydrometeorol Inst, Prague, Czech Republic.
[Bedka, Kristopher] NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Sci Syst & Applicat Inc, Hampton, VA 23665 USA.
[Lindsey, Daniel T.] NOAA, NESDIS, RAMMB, CIRA,CSU, Ft Collins, CO USA.
[Sokol, Alois] Comenius Univ, Fac Math Phys & Informat, Bratislava, Slovakia.
[St'astka, Jindrich] Charles Univ Prague, Fac Math & Phys, Prague, Czech Republic.
[Wang, Pao K.] Univ Wisconsin Madison, Madison, WI USA.
RP Setvak, M (reprint author), CHMI, Sabatce 17, CZ-14306 Prague 4, Czech Republic.
EM setvak@chmi.cz
RI Lindsey, Dan/F-5607-2010
OI Lindsey, Dan/0000-0002-0967-5683
FU Grant Agency of the Czech Republic [205/07/0905]; Faculty of Mathematics
and Physics of the Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
[SW-2011-263308]; Grant C/SSAI/ASAP Program [2626-08-021 Task 1-020CY4];
[NSF ATM-0729898]
FX The authors wish to acknowledge Mike Fromm (Naval Research Laboratory,
Washington, D.C.) and Louie Grasso (Cooperative Institute for Research
in the Atmosphere, Ft. Collins, CO) for their valuable comments,
suggestions and/or long-term support of this study, as well as NASA,
NOAA and EUMETSAT for their data used in this study. Parts of this
research were carried out under support of the Grant Agency of the Czech
Republic, project 205/07/0905; Grant SW-2011-263308 of the Faculty of
Mathematics and Physics of the Charles University, Prague, Czech
Republic; Grant NSF ATM-0729898; and Grant C/SSAI/ASAP 2010 Program,
Contract # 2626-08-021 Task 1-020CY4.
NR 43
TC 17
Z9 17
U1 0
U2 23
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 0169-8095
J9 ATMOS RES
JI Atmos. Res.
PD APR 1
PY 2013
VL 123
SI SI
BP 229
EP 248
DI 10.1016/j.atmosres.2012.06.020
PG 20
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 112GL
UT WOS:000316580600019
ER
PT J
AU Kaltenboeck, R
Ryzhkov, A
AF Kaltenboeck, Rudolf
Ryzhkov, Alexander
TI Comparison of polarimetric signatures of hail at S and C bands for
different hail sizes
SO ATMOSPHERIC RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Hail; Hail size; Dual polarized weather radar; Comparison C band and S
band; Thunderstorm; Polarimetric signatures
ID HYDROMETEOR CLASSIFICATION; POLARIZATION EXPERIMENT; RADAR DATA;
ATTENUATION; ALGORITHM; WSR-88D; PERFORMANCE; INDICATOR; STORMS; ECHO
AB In this study, severe hail cases in Oklahoma/USA are investigated by analyzing the data simultaneously collected by two closely located polarimetric weather radars operating at S and C bands. Polarimetric radar variables measured in the presence of hail at C band are quite different from the ones at S band due to more pronounced effects of resonance scattering and much stronger impact of attenuation. The differences are particularly strong in melting hail below the freezing level, but they can be substantial even at higher altitudes where hail is dry or grows in wet regime. As a consequence, the algorithms for hail detection and determination of its size developed at S band can't be directly applied to C band. Differences between vertical profiles of radar reflectivity Z, differential reflectivity Z(DR), and cross-correlation coefficient rho(hv) in hail-bearing parts of the storms have been examined for large and giant hail. It is shown that in the presence of hail, Z(DR)(C) is usually higher than Z(DR)(S) and rho(hv)(C) 0.93 and rms-differences < 0.012 Nm(-2). TropFlux wind stresses exhibit a small, but consistent improvement (at all timescales and most locations) over ERA-I, with an overall 17 % reduction in root mean square error. ERA-I and TropFlux agree best with long-term mean zonal wind stress observations at equatorial latitudes. All products tend to underestimate the zonal wind stress seasonal cycle by similar to 20 % in the western and central equatorial Pacific. TropFlux and ERA-I equatorial zonal wind stresses have clearly the best phase agreement with mooring data at intraseasonal and interannual timescales (correlation of similar to 0.9 versus similar to 0.8 at best for any other product), with TropFlux correcting the similar to 13 % underestimation of ERA-I variance at both timescales. For example, TropFlux was the best at reproducing westerly wind bursts that played a key role in the 1997-1998 El Nio onset. Hence, we recommend the use of TropFlux for studies of equatorial ocean dynamics.
C1 [Kumar, B. Praveen; Lengaigne, M.] CSIR, Natl Inst Oceanog, Phys Oceanog Div, Panaji 403004, Goa, India.
[Vialard, J.; Lengaigne, M.; Pinsard, F.] UPMC, CNRS, IRD, Lab Oceanog Experimentat & Approches Numer, Paris, France.
[Murty, V. S. N.] CSIR, Reg Ctr, Natl Inst Oceanog, Vishakhapatnam, India.
[McPhaden, M. J.; Cronin, M. F.] NOAA, Pacific Marine Environm Lab, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
[Reddy, K. Gopala] Andhra Univ, Dept Meteorol & Oceanog, Ctr Bay Bengal Studies, Vishakhapatnam, India.
RP Kumar, BP (reprint author), CSIR, Natl Inst Oceanog, Phys Oceanog Div, Panaji 403004, Goa, India.
EM pkb_ocean@yahoo.co.in
RI Vialard, Jerome/C-2809-2008; Lengaigne, Matthieu/K-4345-2013; Lengaigne,
Matthieu/M-8321-2014; McPhaden, Michael/D-9799-2016
OI Vialard, Jerome/0000-0001-6876-3766; Lengaigne,
Matthieu/0000-0002-0044-036X;
FU Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR, Govt. of India);
Institut de Recherche pour le Developpement (IRD, France) at Laboratoire
d'Oce'anographie Experimentation et Approches Numeriques (LOCEAN,
Paris); Institut de Recherche pour le Developpement (IRD); NOAA
FX The development of TropFlux product is the result of a joint research
collaboration between National Institute of Oceanography (CSIR/NIO, Goa,
India), Institut de Recherche pour le Developpement (IRD, France),
Institute Pierre et Simon Laplace (IPSL, Paris, France) and Pacific
Marine Environmental Laboratory (NOAA/PMEL, Seattle, Washington). BPK
and VSNM thank Director, National Institute of Oceanography, India, for
his keen interest in this study. The lead author is supported by a
Senior Research Fellowship (SRF) from Council of Scientific and
Industrial Research (CSIR, Govt. of India) and a 1-year research grant
from Institut de Recherche pour le Developpement (IRD, France) and did
part of this work whilst at Laboratoire d'Oce'anographie Experimentation
et Approches Numeriques (LOCEAN, Paris). JV and ML are funded by
Institut de Recherche pour le Developpement (IRD) and did this work
while visiting National Institute of Oceanography (NIO, India). MJM is
supported by NOAA. NOAA's Climate Program Office provided support for
the calculation of the TPR fluxes. We sincerely thank the providers of
NCEP and NCEP2 re-analyses data (NOAA/OAR/ESRL PSD, Boulder, Colorado,
USA), ERA-Interim (European Centre for Medium Range Weather Forecasting,
Reading, United Kingdom), QuikSCAT winds (CERSAT-IFREMER, Brest,
France). The mooring data were made freely available by the
TAO-PIRATA-RAMA (PMEL-NOAA, Seattle, USA) and OceanSITES international
projects, and the national programs that contribute to them. Discussions
with A. Beljars (ECMWF) on drag coefficient provided useful inputs. A.
Bentamy (IFREMER, France) and W. Ebisuzaki (NOAA, USA) provided useful
discussions on wind-wave corrections. Critical comments from two
anonymous reviewers greatly helped to improve an earlier version of the
manuscript and we acknowledge that. This is NIO contribution number 5204
and PMEL contribution number 3783.
NR 99
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 0
U2 20
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0930-7575
J9 CLIM DYNAM
JI Clim. Dyn.
PD APR
PY 2013
VL 40
IS 7-8
BP 2049
EP 2071
DI 10.1007/s00382-012-1455-4
PG 23
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 119CV
UT WOS:000317075700030
ER
PT J
AU Redfern, JV
Mckenna, MF
Moore, TJ
Calambokidis, J
Deangelis, ML
Becker, EA
Barlow, J
Forney, KA
Fiedler, PC
Chivers, SJ
AF Redfern, J. V.
Mckenna, M. F.
Moore, T. J.
Calambokidis, J.
Deangelis, M. L.
Becker, E. A.
Barlow, J.
Forney, K. A.
Fiedler, P. C.
Chivers, S. J.
TI Assessing the Risk of Ships Striking Large Whales in Marine Spatial
Planning
SO CONSERVATION BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE commercial shipping; generalized additive models; habitat modeling; risk
analysis
ID EASTERN NORTH PACIFIC; ATLANTIC RIGHT WHALES; CALIFORNIA CURRENT; BLUE;
ABUNDANCE; AUTOCORRELATION; HUMPBACK; ECOLOGY; HABITAT; MODEL
AB Marine spatial planning provides a comprehensive framework for managing multiple uses of the marine environment and has the potential to minimize environmental impacts and reduce conflicts among users. Spatially explicit assessments of the risks to key marine species from human activities are a requirement of marine spatial planning. We assessed the risk of ships striking humpback (Megaptera novaeangliae), blue (Balaenoptera musculus), and fin (Balaenoptera physalus) whales in alternative shipping routes derived from patterns of shipping traffic off Southern California (U.S.A.). Specifically, we developed whale-habitat models and assumed ship-strike risk for the alternative shipping routes was proportional to the number of whales predicted by the models to occur within each route. This definition of risk assumes all ships travel within a single route. We also calculated risk assuming ships travel via multiple routes. We estimated the potential for conflict between shipping and other uses (military training and fishing) due to overlap with the routes. We also estimated the overlap between shipping routes and protected areas. The route with the lowest risk for humpback whales had the highest risk for fin whales and vice versa. Risk to both species may be ameliorated by creating a new route south of the northern Channel Islands and spreading traffic between this new route and the existing route in the Santa Barbara Channel. Creating a longer route may reduce the overlap between shipping and other uses by concentrating shipping traffic. Blue whales are distributed more evenly across our study area than humpback and fin whales; thus, risk could not be ameliorated by concentrating shipping traffic in any of the routes we considered. Reducing ship-strike risk for blue whales may be necessary because our estimate of the potential number of strikes suggests that they are likely to exceed allowable levels of anthropogenic impacts established under U.S. laws.
C1 [Redfern, J. V.; Moore, T. J.; Barlow, J.; Fiedler, P. C.; Chivers, S. J.] Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Protected Resources Div, SW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
[Mckenna, M. F.] Marine Mammal Commiss, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA.
[Calambokidis, J.] Cascadia Res, Olympia, WA 98501 USA.
[Deangelis, M. L.] Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Protected Resources Div, Southwest Reg Off, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Long Beach, CA 90802 USA.
[Becker, E. A.; Forney, K. A.] Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Protected Resources Div, SW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
RP Redfern, JV (reprint author), Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Protected Resources Div, SW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, 8901 La Jolla Shores Dr, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
EM jessica.redfern@noaa.gov
OI Moore, Thomas/0000-0002-0243-6049
NR 33
TC 32
Z9 34
U1 3
U2 124
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0888-8892
EI 1523-1739
J9 CONSERV BIOL
JI Conserv. Biol.
PD APR
PY 2013
VL 27
IS 2
BP 292
EP 302
DI 10.1111/cobi.12029
PG 11
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 113UN
UT WOS:000316694600008
PM 23521668
ER
PT J
AU Fair, PA
Romano, T
Schaefer, AM
Reif, JS
Bossart, GD
Houde, M
Muir, D
Adams, J
Rice, C
Hulsey, TC
Peden-Adams, M
AF Fair, Patricia A.
Romano, Tracy
Schaefer, Adam M.
Reif, John S.
Bossart, Gregory D.
Houde, Magali
Muir, Derek
Adams, Jeff
Rice, Charles
Hulsey, Thomas C.
Peden-Adams, Margie
TI Associations between perfluoroalkyl compounds and immune and clinical
chemistry parameters in highly exposed bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops
truncatus)
SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE Perfluoroalkyl compounds; Immunology; Hematology; Serum chemistry;
Bottlenose dolphins
ID PERFLUOROOCTANE SULFONATE PFOS; SPRAGUE-DAWLEY RATS; PERFLUORINATED
COMPOUNDS; AMMONIUM PERFLUOROOCTANOATE; CYNOMOLGUS MONKEYS; ESTUARINE
AREAS; LIVER-ENZYMES; B6C3F1 MICE; ACID PFOA; US ADULTS
AB Perfluoroalkyl compounds (PFCs) are ubiquitous, persistent chemical contaminants found in the environment, wildlife, and humans. Despite the widespread occurrence of PFCs, little is known about the impact these contaminants have on the health of wildlife populations. The authors investigated the relationship between PFCs (including Sigma perfluorocarboxylates, Sigma perfluoroalkyl sulfonates, perfluorooctane sulfonate, perfluorooctanoic acid, and perfluorodecanoic acid) and the clinocopathologic and immune parameters in a highly exposed population (n=79) of Atlantic bottlenose dolphins (mean Sigma PFCs=1970ng/ml; range 5748670ng/ml) sampled from 2003 to 2005 near Charleston, South Carolina, USA. Age-adjusted linear regression models showed statistically significant positive associations between exposure to one or more of the PFC totals and/or individual analytes and the following immunological parameters: absolute numbers of CD2+ T cells, CD4+ helper T cells, CD19+ immature B cells, CD21+ mature B cells, CD2/CD21 ratio, MHCII+ cells, B cell proliferation, serum IgG1, granulocytic, and monocytic phagocytosis. Several PFC analyte groups were also positively associated with serum alanine aminotransferase, gamma-glutamyltransferase, creatinine, phosphorus, amylase, and anion gap and negatively associated with cholesterol levels, creatinine phosphokinase, eosinophils, and monocytes. Based on these relationships, the authors suggest that the PFC concentrations found in Charleston dolphins may have effects on immune, hematopoietic, kidney, and liver function. The results contribute to the emerging data on PFC health effects in this first study to describe associations between PFCs and health parameters in dolphins. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2013;32:736746. (c) 2013 SETAC
C1 [Fair, Patricia A.] NOAA, Natl Ocean Serv, Ctr Coastal Environm Hlth & Biomol Res, Charleston, SC USA.
[Romano, Tracy] Mystic Aquarium, Mystic, CT USA.
[Romano, Tracy] Inst Explorat, Mystic, CT USA.
[Schaefer, Adam M.] Florida Atlantic Univ, Harbor Branch, Oceanog Inst, Ft Pierce, FL USA.
[Reif, John S.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Environm & Radiol Hlth Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Bossart, Gregory D.] Georgia Aquarium, Atlanta, GA USA.
[Houde, Magali] Environm Canada, Ctr St Laurent, Montreal, PQ, Canada.
[Muir, Derek] Environm Canada, Aquat Ecosyst Protect Res Div, Burlington, ON L7R 4A6, Canada.
[Adams, Jeff] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Silver Spring, MD USA.
[Rice, Charles] Clemson Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Clemson, SC 29634 USA.
[Hulsey, Thomas C.] Med Univ S Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425 USA.
[Peden-Adams, Margie] Univ Nevada, Harry Reid Ctr Environm Studies, Las Vegas, NV 89154 USA.
RP Fair, PA (reprint author), NOAA, Natl Ocean Serv, Ctr Coastal Environm Hlth & Biomol Res, Charleston, SC USA.
EM pat.fair@noaa.gov
OI Muir, Derek/0000-0001-6631-9776
FU NOAA/National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science/Center for Coastal
Environmental Health and Biomolecular Research; NOAA Fisheries Marine
Mammal Health/Stranding Response; Florida Protect Wild Dolphins License
Plate
FX We would like to thank the numerous researchers who participated in the
dolphin capture and release studies in South Carolina and Florida. We
are especially grateful to F. Townsend, L. Hansen, E. Zolman, S.
McCulloch, L. Fulford, the staff from the National Oceanic and
Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) and the Harbor Branch Oceanographic
Institute, the collaborators and veterinarians who provided their
expertise, and the many volunteers whose help made the health assessment
studies possible. We thank M. Mollenhauer, D. Keil, M. Keogh, D. Beal,
S. Casinghton, J. EuDaly, M. Lee, L. Heesman (immunology), W. McFee (age
analysis), J. Stott (antibodies), and M. Ebling (statistics). The
present study was supported through the NOAA/National Centers for
Coastal Ocean Science/Center for Coastal Environmental Health and
Biomolecular Research, NOAA Fisheries Marine Mammal Health/Stranding
Response and Florida Protect Wild Dolphins License Plate.
NR 83
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 4
U2 37
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0730-7268
J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM
JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem.
PD APR
PY 2013
VL 32
IS 4
BP 736
EP 746
DI 10.1002/etc.2122
PG 11
WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology
GA 112VG
UT WOS:000316621700004
PM 23322558
ER
PT J
AU Keller, JM
AF Keller, Jennifer M.
TI Forty-seven days of decay does not change persistent organic pollutant
levels in loggerhead sea turtle eggs
SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE Marine turtle; Reptile egg; Environmental contaminant; Environmental
specimen banking; Nonlethal sampling
ID POLYBROMINATED DIPHENYL ETHERS; KESTRELS FALCO-SPARVERIUS; GREAT-LAKES
BASIN; CARETTA-CARETTA; CHELYDRA-SERPENTINA; AMERICAN KESTRELS;
POLYCHLORINATED-BIPHENYLS; REPRODUCTIVE SUCCESS; ATLANTIC WATERS;
FLAME-RETARDANT
AB Reptile and bird eggs are priority samples for specimen banking programs that assess spatial and temporal trends of environmental contaminants. From endangered species, such as sea turtles, nonlethal sampling is required (e.g., unhatched eggs collected postemergence). Previous contaminant monitoring studies have used unhatched sea turtle eggs, but no study has tested whether their concentrations represent levels found in fresh eggs (e.g., eggs collected within 24h of oviposition). The author analyzed three fresh eggs from different nest depths and up to three unhatched eggs from 10 loggerhead sea turtle (Caretta caretta) nests in South Carolina, USA, for a suite of persistent organic pollutants (POPs). Lipid-normalized POP concentrations were not significantly different (p>0.05) between fresh and unhatched eggs or among different depths from the same nest. The POP concentrations in loggerhead eggs from South Carolina were higher than previously measured concentrations in eggs from Florida and slightly lower than concentrations in eggs from North Carolina. This pattern agrees with previously observed trends of increasing POP concentrations in loggerhead turtles inhabiting northern latitudes along the U.S. East Coast. Contaminant profiles are discussed, including a higher chlorinated pattern of polychlorinated biphenyls possibly associated with a Superfund site in nearby Brunswick, Georgia, USA, and unusual polybrominated diphenylether patterns seen in this and previous sea turtle studies. Concentrations correlated with one of eight measurements of reproductive success; levels were negatively correlated with egg mass (p<0.05), which may have implications for hatchling fitness. The present study suggests that unhatched eggs can be used for POP-monitoring projects. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2013;32:747756. (c) 2013 SETAC
C1 NIST, Div Chem Sci, Hollings Marine Lab, Charleston, SC USA.
RP Keller, JM (reprint author), NIST, Div Chem Sci, Hollings Marine Lab, Charleston, SC USA.
EM Jennifer.Keller@noaa.gov
NR 50
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 1
U2 36
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0730-7268
J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM
JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem.
PD APR
PY 2013
VL 32
IS 4
BP 747
EP 756
DI 10.1002/etc.2127
PG 10
WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology
GA 112VG
UT WOS:000316621700005
PM 23418059
ER
PT J
AU Ames, CL
Yanagihara, AA
Keil, D
Lawley, JW
Van Blerk, J
Gillan, B
Bentlage, B
Bely, A
Collins, AG
AF Ames, Lewis C.
Yanagihara, A. A.
Keil, D.
Lawley, J. W.
Van Blerk, J.
Gillan, B.
Bentlage, B.
Bely, A.
Collins, A. G.
TI Establishing the neotype of the enigmatic oceanic box jellyfish Alatina
alata (Reynaud 1830) (Cnidaria: Cubozoa)
SO INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Integrative-and-Comparative-Biology
(SICB)
CY JAN 03-07, 2013
CL San Francisco, CA
SP Soc Integrat & Comparat Biol (SICB)
C1 Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
Univ Fed Santa Catarina, BR-88040900 Florianopolis, SC, Brazil.
Boynton Beach Community High Sch, Boynton Beach, FL USA.
Smithsonian NMNH, NMFS, NSL, Balboa, Panama.
EM clames1@umd.edu
RI Lawley, Jonathan/S-5825-2016
OI Lawley, Jonathan/0000-0003-1267-5294
NR 0
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 2
U2 44
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
PI CARY
PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA
SN 1540-7063
J9 INTEGR COMP BIOL
JI Integr. Comp. Biol.
PD APR
PY 2013
VL 53
SU 1
BP E126
EP E126
PG 1
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA 117ZG
UT WOS:000316991401040
ER
PT J
AU Fay, SA
Swiney, K
Foy, R
Stillman, JH
AF Fay, S. A.
Swiney, K.
Foy, R.
Stillman, J. H.
TI De novo assembly of the Paralithodes camtschaticus (Red King Crab)
transcriptome to inform its response to ocean acidification
SO INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Integrative-and-Comparative-Biology
(SICB)
CY JAN 03-07, 2013
CL San Francisco, CA
SP Soc Integrat & Comparat Biol (SICB)
C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Kodiak, AK USA.
EM scott.a.fay@gmail.com
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 6
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
PI CARY
PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA
SN 1540-7063
J9 INTEGR COMP BIOL
JI Integr. Comp. Biol.
PD APR
PY 2013
VL 53
SU 1
BP E281
EP E281
PG 1
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA 117ZG
UT WOS:000316991402181
ER
PT J
AU Godwin, J
Luckenbach, JA
Holler, BL
Daniels, HV
Borski, RJ
AF Godwin, J.
Luckenbach, J. A.
Holler, B. L.
Daniels, H., V
Borski, R. J.
TI Environmental influences on sex determination in flatfishes
SO INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Integrative-and-Comparative-Biology
(SICB)
CY JAN 03-07, 2013
CL San Francisco, CA
SP Soc Integrat & Comparat Biol (SICB)
C1 N Carolina State Univ, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
NOAA, Washington, DC USA.
EM John_Godwin@ncsu.edu
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 7
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
PI CARY
PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA
SN 1540-7063
J9 INTEGR COMP BIOL
JI Integr. Comp. Biol.
PD APR
PY 2013
VL 53
SU 1
BP E79
EP E79
PG 1
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA 117ZG
UT WOS:000316991400316
ER
PT J
AU Kuwahara, A
Meyer, C
Collins, A
AF Kuwahara, A.
Meyer, C.
Collins, A.
TI Assessing Autonomous Reef Monitoring Structures (ARMS) as Biodiversity
Monitors
SO INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Integrative-and-Comparative-Biology
(SICB)
CY JAN 03-07, 2013
CL San Francisco, CA
SP Soc Integrat & Comparat Biol (SICB)
C1 Humboldt State Univ, Arcata, CA USA.
Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
NOAA NMFS, Silver Spring, MD USA.
EM aak23@humboldt.edu
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 2
U2 12
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
PI CARY
PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA
SN 1540-7063
J9 INTEGR COMP BIOL
JI Integr. Comp. Biol.
PD APR
PY 2013
VL 53
SU 1
BP E119
EP E119
PG 1
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA 117ZG
UT WOS:000316991401010
ER
PT J
AU Marshall, HM
Brill, R
Bushnell, P
Skomal, G
Bernal, D
AF Marshall, H. M.
Brill, R.
Bushnell, P.
Skomal, G.
Bernal, D.
TI Comparison of fishing-induced stress response and post-release mortality
between sandbar (Carcharhinus plumbeus) and dusky (Carcharhinus
obscurus) sharks
SO INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Integrative-and-Comparative-Biology
(SICB)
CY JAN 03-07, 2013
CL San Francisco, CA
SP Soc Integrat & Comparat Biol (SICB)
C1 Univ Massachusetts Dartmouth, N Dartmouth, MA USA.
Virginia Inst Marine Sci NOAA, Gloucester Point, VA USA.
Indiana Univ South Bend, South Bend, IN USA.
Massachusetts Div Marine Fisheries, Gloucester Point, VA USA.
EM hmarshall@umassd.edu
NR 0
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 2
U2 14
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
PI CARY
PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA
SN 1540-7063
J9 INTEGR COMP BIOL
JI Integr. Comp. Biol.
PD APR
PY 2013
VL 53
SU 1
BP E137
EP E137
PG 1
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA 117ZG
UT WOS:000316991401081
ER
PT J
AU Smith, KA
Dunne, JP
Sarmiento, JL
AF Smith, K. A.
Dunne, J. P.
Sarmiento, J. L.
TI Predicting the effect of multiple stressors on respiratory niches in the
pelagic ocean over the next century
SO INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Integrative-and-Comparative-Biology
(SICB)
CY JAN 03-07, 2013
CL San Francisco, CA
SP Soc Integrat & Comparat Biol (SICB)
C1 Princeton Univ, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
NOAA, Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, Washington, DC USA.
EM kas3@princeton.edu
RI Dunne, John/F-8086-2012
OI Dunne, John/0000-0002-8794-0489
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 1
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
PI CARY
PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA
SN 1540-7063
J9 INTEGR COMP BIOL
JI Integr. Comp. Biol.
PD APR
PY 2013
VL 53
SU 1
BP E202
EP E202
PG 1
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA 117ZG
UT WOS:000316991401342
ER
PT J
AU Snyder, S
Kohin, S
Childers, J
Franks, PJS
AF Snyder, S.
Kohin, S.
Childers, J.
Franks, P. J. S.
TI Thermal Physiology of albacore tuna, , as revealed through archival
tagging data
SO INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Integrative-and-Comparative-Biology
(SICB)
CY JAN 03-07, 2013
CL San Francisco, CA
SP Soc Integrat & Comparat Biol (SICB)
C1 Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA USA.
Univ Calif San Diego, SW Fisheries Sci Ctr, San Diego, CA USA.
EM smsnyder@ucsd.edu
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 5
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
PI CARY
PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA
SN 1540-7063
J9 INTEGR COMP BIOL
JI Integr. Comp. Biol.
PD APR
PY 2013
VL 53
SU 1
BP E203
EP E203
PG 1
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA 117ZG
UT WOS:000316991401346
ER
PT J
AU Fierro, AO
Leslie, LM
AF Fierro, Alexandre O.
Leslie, Lance M.
TI Links between Central West Western Australian Rainfall Variability and
Large-Scale Climate Drivers
SO JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
LA English
DT Article
ID SEA-SURFACE TEMPERATURES; INDIAN-OCEAN DIPOLE; HEMISPHERE ANNULAR MODE;
SOUTHERN-HEMISPHERE; WINTER RAINFALL; SUMMER RAINFALL; OSCILLATION
INDEX; EL-NINO; SOUTHWEST; CIRCULATION
AB Over the past century, and especially after the 1970s, rainfall observations show an increase (decrease) of the wet summer (winter) season rainfall over northwest (southwest) Western Australia. The rainfall in central west Western Australia (CWWA), however, has exhibited comparatively much weaker coastal trends, but a more prominent inland increase during the wet summer season. Analysis of seasonally averaged rainfall data from a group of stations, representative of both the coastal and inland regions of CWWA, revealed that rainfall trends during the 1958-2010 period in the wet months of November-April were primarily associated with El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO), and with the southern annular mode (SAM) farther inland. During the wet months of May-October, the Indian Ocean dipole (IOD) showed the most robust relationships. Those results hold when the effects of ENSO or IOD are excluded, and were confirmed using a principal component analysis of sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies, rainfall wavelet analyses, and point-by-point correlations of rainfall with global SST anomaly fields. Although speculative, given their long-term averages, reanalysis data suggest that from 1958 to 2010 the increase in CWWA inland rainfall largely is attributable to an increasing cyclonic anomaly trend over CWWA, bringing onshore moist tropical flow to the Pilbara coast. During May-October, the flow anomaly exhibits a transition from an onshore to offshore flow regime in the 2001-10 decade, which is consistent with the observed weaker drying trend during this period.
C1 [Fierro, Alexandre O.] Univ Oklahoma, Cooperat Inst Mesoscale Meteorol Studies, Norman, OK 73019 USA.
[Fierro, Alexandre O.] Univ Oklahoma, NOAA OAR Natl Severe Storms Lab, Norman, OK 73019 USA.
[Fierro, Alexandre O.; Leslie, Lance M.] Curtin Univ Technol, Australian Sustainable Dev Inst, Perth, WA, Australia.
[Leslie, Lance M.] Univ Oklahoma, Sch Meteorol, Norman, OK 73019 USA.
RP Fierro, AO (reprint author), Natl Weather Ctr, Cooperat Inst Mesoscale Meteorol Studies, Suite 2100,120 David L Boren Blvd, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
EM afierro@ou.edu
RI Fierro, Alexandre/C-4733-2014
OI Fierro, Alexandre/0000-0002-4859-1255
FU Australian Sustainable Development Institute, Curtin University, Perth,
Western Australia; NOAA/Office of Oceanic and Atmospheric Research under
NOAA-University of Oklahoma Cooperative Agreement [NA08OAR4320904]; U.S.
Department of Commerce
FX Funding of this research largely was provided by the Australian
Sustainable Development Institute, Curtin University, Perth, Western
Australia. Funding was also provided by NOAA/Office of Oceanic and
Atmospheric Research under NOAA-University of Oklahoma Cooperative
Agreement NA08OAR4320904, U.S. Department of Commerce. Computer
resources were provided by the Oklahoma Supercomputing Center for
Education and Research (OSCER) hosted at the University of Oklahoma. The
authors also thank Dr. Michael Richman for valuable insights at an
earlier stage of the manuscript. The authors would also thank Dr. Vimont
and three anonymous reviewers for their critical comments, which helped
improve the quality of the manuscript.
NR 81
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 0
U2 17
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0894-8755
EI 1520-0442
J9 J CLIMATE
JI J. Clim.
PD APR
PY 2013
VL 26
IS 7
BP 2222
EP 2246
DI 10.1175/JCLI-D-12-00129.1
PG 25
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 117GL
UT WOS:000316941400006
ER
PT J
AU Dunne, JP
John, JG
Shevliakova, E
Stouffer, RJ
Krasting, JP
Malyshev, SL
Milly, PCD
Sentman, LT
Adcroft, AJ
Cooke, W
Dunne, KA
Griffies, SM
Hallberg, RW
Harrison, MJ
Levy, H
Wittenberg, AT
Phillips, PJ
Zadeh, N
AF Dunne, John P.
John, Jasmin G.
Shevliakova, Elena
Stouffer, Ronald J.
Krasting, John P.
Malyshev, Sergey L.
Milly, P. C. D.
Sentman, Lori T.
Adcroft, Alistair J.
Cooke, William
Dunne, Krista A.
Griffies, Stephen M.
Hallberg, Robert W.
Harrison, Matthew J.
Levy, Hiram
Wittenberg, Andrew T.
Phillips, Peter J.
Zadeh, Niki
TI GFDL's ESM2 Global Coupled Climate-Carbon Earth System Models. Part II:
Carbon System Formulation and Baseline Simulation Characteristics
SO JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
LA English
DT Article
ID PHYTOPLANKTON GROWTH; ATMOSPHERIC CO2; MARINE-PHYTOPLANKTON; STOMATAL
CONDUCTANCE; DIOXIDE UPTAKE; OCEAN; CYCLE; PHOTOSYNTHESIS; VEGETATION;
PRODUCTIVITY
AB The authors describe carbon system formulation and simulation characteristics of two new global coupled carbon-climate Earth System Models (ESM), ESM2M and ESM2G. These models demonstrate good climate fidelity as described in part I of this study while incorporating explicit and consistent carbon dynamics. The two models differ almost exclusively in the physical ocean component; ESM2M uses the Modular Ocean Model version 4.1 with vertical pressure layers, whereas ESM2G uses generalized ocean layer dynamics with a bulk mixed layer and interior isopycnal layers. On land, both ESMs include a revised land model to simulate competitive vegetation distributions and functioning, including carbon cycling among vegetation, soil, and atmosphere. In the ocean, both models include new biogeochemical algorithms including phytoplankton functional group dynamics with flexible stoichiometry. Preindustrial simulations are spun up to give stable, realistic carbon cycle means and variability. Significant differences in simulation characteristics of these two models are described. Because of differences in oceanic ventilation rates, ESM2M has a stronger biological carbon pump but weaker northward implied atmospheric CO2 transport than ESM2G. The major advantages of ESM2G over ESM2M are improved representation of surface chlorophyll in the Atlantic and Indian Oceans and thermocline nutrients and oxygen in the North Pacific. Improved tree mortality parameters in ESM2G produced more realistic carbon accumulation in vegetation pools. The major advantages of ESM2M over ESM2G are reduced nutrient and oxygen biases in the southern and tropical oceans.
C1 [Dunne, John P.; John, Jasmin G.; Stouffer, Ronald J.; Krasting, John P.; Milly, P. C. D.; Sentman, Lori T.; Dunne, Krista A.; Griffies, Stephen M.; Hallberg, Robert W.; Harrison, Matthew J.; Levy, Hiram; Wittenberg, Andrew T.; Phillips, Peter J.] NOAA, Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA.
[Shevliakova, Elena; Malyshev, Sergey L.] Princeton Univ, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
[Krasting, John P.; Cooke, William; Zadeh, Niki] DRC GFDL, High Performance Technol Grp, Princeton, NJ USA.
[Milly, P. C. D.; Dunne, Krista A.] US Geol Survey, Princeton, NJ USA.
[Adcroft, Alistair J.] Princeton Univ, Program Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
RP Dunne, JP (reprint author), NOAA, Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, 201 Forrestal Rd, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA.
EM john.dunne@noaa.gov
RI Wittenberg, Andrew/G-9619-2013; Dunne, John/F-8086-2012; Sentman,
Lori/D-4402-2014; Zadeh, Niki/F-4532-2014; Shevliakova,
Elena/J-5770-2014; Adcroft, Alistair/E-5949-2010; John,
Jasmin/F-8194-2012
OI Wittenberg, Andrew/0000-0003-1680-8963; Dunne, John/0000-0002-8794-0489;
Adcroft, Alistair/0000-0001-9413-1017; John, Jasmin/0000-0003-2696-277X
NR 65
TC 109
Z9 110
U1 3
U2 72
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0894-8755
EI 1520-0442
J9 J CLIMATE
JI J. Clim.
PD APR
PY 2013
VL 26
IS 7
BP 2247
EP 2267
DI 10.1175/JCLI-D-12-00150.1
PG 21
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 117GL
UT WOS:000316941400007
ER
PT J
AU Winton, M
Griffies, SM
Samuels, BL
Sarmiento, JL
Frolicher, TL
AF Winton, Michael
Griffies, Stephen M.
Samuels, Bonita L.
Sarmiento, Jorge L.
Froelicher, Thomas L.
TI Connecting Changing Ocean Circulation with Changing Climate
SO JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
LA English
DT Article
ID SIMULATION CHARACTERISTICS; PART I; FORMULATION; MODELS
AB The influence of changing ocean currents on climate change is evaluated by comparing an earth system model's response to increased CO2 with and without an ocean circulation response. Inhibiting the ocean circulation response, by specifying a seasonally varying preindustrial climatology of currents, has a much larger influence on the heat storage pattern than on the carbon storage pattern. The heat storage pattern without circulation changes resembles carbon storage (either with or without circulation changes) more than it resembles the heat storage when currents are allowed to respond. This is shown to be due to the larger magnitude of the redistribution transport-the change in transport due to circulation anomalies acting on control climate gradients-for heat than for carbon. The net ocean heat and carbon uptake are slightly reduced when currents are allowed to respond. Hence, ocean circulation changes potentially act to warm the surface climate. However, the impact of the reduced carbon uptake on radiative forcing is estimated to be small while the redistribution heat transport shifts ocean heat uptake from low to high latitudes, increasing its cooling power. Consequently, global surface warming is significantly reduced by circulation changes. Circulation changes also shift the pattern of warming from broad Northern Hemisphere amplification to a more structured pattern with reduced warming at subpolar latitudes in both hemispheres and enhanced warming near the equator.
C1 [Winton, Michael; Griffies, Stephen M.; Samuels, Bonita L.] NOAA, Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, Princeton, NJ USA.
[Sarmiento, Jorge L.; Froelicher, Thomas L.] Princeton Univ, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA.
RP Winton, M (reprint author), Princeton Univ, NOAA, GFDL, Forrestal Campus,201 Forrestal Rd, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA.
EM michael.winton@noaa.gov
RI Frolicher, Thomas/E-5137-2015
OI Frolicher, Thomas/0000-0003-2348-7854
NR 23
TC 30
Z9 30
U1 0
U2 34
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0894-8755
J9 J CLIMATE
JI J. Clim.
PD APR
PY 2013
VL 26
IS 7
BP 2268
EP 2278
DI 10.1175/JCLI-D-12-00296.1
PG 11
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 117GL
UT WOS:000316941400008
ER
PT J
AU Emanuel, K
Solomon, S
Folini, D
Davis, S
Cagnazzo, C
AF Emanuel, Kerry
Solomon, Susan
Folini, Doris
Davis, Sean
Cagnazzo, Chiara
TI Influence of Tropical Tropopause Layer Cooling on Atlantic Hurricane
Activity
SO JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
LA English
DT Article
ID RADIOSONDE TEMPERATURE DATA; BREWER-DOBSON CIRCULATION; TEMPORAL
HOMOGENIZATION; ATMOSPHERE MODEL; IPCC AR4; PART I; SIMULATIONS;
CLIMATE; TRENDS; REANALYSIS
AB Virtually all metrics of Atlantic tropical cyclone activity show substantial increases over the past two decades. It is argued here that cooling near the tropical tropopause and the associated decrease in tropical cyclone outflow temperature contributed to the observed increase in tropical cyclone potential intensity over this period. Quantitative uncertainties in the magnitude of the cooling are important, but a broad range of observations supports some cooling. Downscalings of the output of atmospheric general circulation models (AGCMs) that are driven by observed sea surface temperatures and sea ice cover produce little if any increase in Atlantic tropical cyclone metrics over the past two decades, even though observed variability before roughly 1970 is well simulated by some of the models. Part of this shortcoming is traced to the failure of the AGCMs examined to reproduce the observed cooling of the lower stratosphere and tropical tropopause layer (TTL) over the past few decades. The authors caution against using sea surface temperature or proxies based on it to make projections of tropical cyclone activity as there can be significant contributions from other variables such as the outflow temperature. The proposed mechanisms of TTL cooling (e. g., ozone depletion and stratospheric circulation changes) are reviewed, and the need for improved representations of these processes in global models in order to improve projections of future tropical cyclone activity is emphasized.
C1 [Emanuel, Kerry; Solomon, Susan] MIT, Program Atmospheres Oceans & Climate, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Folini, Doris] ETH, Inst Atmospher & Climate Sci, Zurich, Switzerland.
[Davis, Sean] Univ Colorado, NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Div Chem Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Davis, Sean] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Cagnazzo, Chiara] Euromediterranean Ctr Climate Change, Bologna, Italy.
[Cagnazzo, Chiara] CNR, ISAC, Rome, Italy.
RP Emanuel, K (reprint author), MIT, Room 54-1814,77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
EM emanuel@mit.edu
RI Davis, Sean/C-9570-2011; Cagnazzo, Chiara/C-7194-2015; Manager, CSD
Publications/B-2789-2015;
OI Davis, Sean/0000-0001-9276-6158; cagnazzo, chiara/0000-0002-2054-0448
FU National Centers for Competence in Research (NCCR) in the context of the
HyClim project; National Science Foundation [AGS-0850639]
FX The authors thank Michael Mann, Michael Kozar, Caspar Ammann, and Bette
Otto-Bleisner for providing the CAM3 model output, and Natalie Mahowald
and Amato Evan for output from the slab ocean version of CAM3. We thank
Ming Zhao of NOAA/GFDL for providing output of the GFDLHiRAM model.
ECHAM5-HAM computations were performed at the Swiss National
Supercomputing Center (CSCS). We also thank David Raymond, Jim Kossin,
and an anonymous reviewer for constructive comments that led to
significant improvement of the originalmanuscript. DF was financially
supported by the National Centers for Competence in Research (NCCR) in
the context of the HyClim project. The first author's contributions were
supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant AGS-0850639.
NR 48
TC 42
Z9 42
U1 3
U2 43
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0894-8755
EI 1520-0442
J9 J CLIMATE
JI J. Clim.
PD APR
PY 2013
VL 26
IS 7
BP 2288
EP 2301
DI 10.1175/JCLI-D-12-00242.1
PG 14
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 117GL
UT WOS:000316941400010
ER
PT J
AU Emile-Geay, J
Cobb, KM
Mann, ME
Wittenberg, AT
AF Emile-Geay, Julien
Cobb, Kimberly M.
Mann, Michael E.
Wittenberg, Andrew T.
TI Estimating Central Equatorial Pacific SST Variability over the Past
Millennium. Part I: Methodology and Validation
SO JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
LA English
DT Article
ID SEA-SURFACE TEMPERATURE; PROXY-BASED RECONSTRUCTIONS; MULTIDECADAL
CLIMATE VARIABILITY; EL-NINO/SOUTHERN-OSCILLATION; SOUTHEASTERN
UNITED-STATES; CORAL-BASED RECONSTRUCTION; NINO SOUTHERN-OSCILLATION;
TREE-RING CHRONOLOGIES; STABLE-ISOTOPE RECORD; WESTERN INDIAN-OCEAN
AB Constraining the low-frequency (LF) behavior of general circulation models (GCMs) requires reliable observational estimates of LF variability. This two-part paper presents multiproxy reconstructions of Nino-3.4 sea surface temperature over the last millennium, applying two techniques [ composite plus scale (CPS) and hybrid regularized expectation maximization (RegEM) truncated total least squares (TTLS)] to a network of tropical, high-resolution proxy records. This first part presents the data and methodology before evaluating their predictive skill using frozen network analysis (FNA) and pseudoproxy experiments. The FNA results suggest that about half of the Nino-3.4 variance can be reconstructed back to A. D. 1000, but they show little LF skill during certain intervals. More variance can be reconstructed in the interannual band where climate signals are strongest, but this band is affected by dating uncertainties (which are not formally addressed here). The CPS reliably estimates interannual variability, while LF fluctuations are more faithfully reconstructed with RegEM, albeit with inevitable variance loss. The RegEM approach is also tested on representative pseudoproxy networks derived from two millennium-long integrations of a coupled GCM. The pseudoproxy study confirms that reconstruction skill is significant in both the interannual and LF bands, provided that sufficient variance is exhibited in the target Nino-3.4 index. It also suggests that FNA severely underestimates LF skill, even when LF variability is strong, resulting in overly pessimistic performance assessments. The centennial-scale variance of the historical Nino-3.4 index falls somewhere between the two model simulations, suggesting that the network and methodology presented here would be able to capture the leading LF variations in Nino-3.4 for much of the past millennium, with the caveats noted above.
C1 [Emile-Geay, Julien] Univ So Calif, Dept Earth Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA.
[Cobb, Kimberly M.] Georgia Inst Technol, Dept Earth & Atmospher Sci, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
[Mann, Michael E.] Penn State Univ, Dept Meteorol, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Wittenberg, Andrew T.] NOAA, Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, Princeton, NJ USA.
RP Emile-Geay, J (reprint author), Univ So Calif, Dept Earth Sci, 3651 Trousdale Pkwy, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA.
EM julieneg@usc.edu
RI Wittenberg, Andrew/G-9619-2013; Emile-Geay, Julien/B-1102-2010; Mann,
Michael/B-8472-2017
OI Wittenberg, Andrew/0000-0003-1680-8963; Emile-Geay,
Julien/0000-0001-5920-4751; Mann, Michael/0000-0003-3067-296X
FU NOAA [NA06OAR4310116]
FX We acknowledge funding from NOAA Grant NA06OAR4310116. The authors thank
Scott Rutherford, Emanuele DiLorenzo, Judith Curry, Kettyah Chaak, Tapio
Schneider, Julie Richey, David Black, Kevin Anchukaitis, Paige Green,
Glenn Alexander, Athanassios Protopapas, and Toby Ault for providing
data, technical help, and support.
NR 158
TC 37
Z9 38
U1 2
U2 43
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0894-8755
J9 J CLIMATE
JI J. Clim.
PD APR
PY 2013
VL 26
IS 7
BP 2302
EP 2328
DI 10.1175/JCLI-D-11-00510.1
PG 27
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 117GL
UT WOS:000316941400011
ER
PT J
AU Emile-Geay, J
Cobb, KM
Mann, ME
Wittenberg, AT
AF Emile-Geay, Julien
Cobb, Kimberly M.
Mann, Michael E.
Wittenberg, Andrew T.
TI Estimating Central Equatorial Pacific SST Variability over the Past
Millennium. Part II: Reconstructions and Implications
SO JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
LA English
DT Article
ID SEA-SURFACE TEMPERATURE; NINO-SOUTHERN-OSCILLATION;
EL-NINO/SOUTHERN-OSCILLATION; TREE-RING CHRONOLOGIES; CLIMATE SYSTEM
MODEL; LAST ICE-AGE; TROPICAL PACIFIC; SOLAR VARIABILITY; NORTH PACIFIC;
UNITED-STATES
AB Reducing the uncertainties surrounding the impacts of anthropogenic climate change requires vetting general circulation models (GCMs) against long records of past natural climate variability. This is particularly challenging in the tropical Pacific Ocean, where short, sparse instrumental data preclude GCM validation on multidecadal to centennial time scales. This two-part paper demonstrates the application of two statistical methodologies to a network of accurately dated tropical climate records to reconstruct sea surface temperature (SST) variability in the Nino-3.4 region over the past millennium. While Part I described the methods and established their validity and limitations, this paper presents several reconstructions of Nino-3.4, analyzes their sensitivity to procedural choices and input data, and compares them to climate forcing time series and previously published tropical Pacific SST reconstructions. The reconstructions herein show remarkably similar behavior at decadal to multidecadal scales, but diverge markedly on centennial scales. The amplitude of centennial variability in each reconstruction scales with the magnitude of the A. D. 1860-1995 trend in the target dataset's Nino-3.4 index, with Extended Reconstructed SST, version 3 (ERSSTv3) > the Second Hadley Centre SST dataset (HadSST2) > Kaplan SST; these discrepancies constitute a major source of uncertainty in reconstructing preinstrumental Nino-3.4 SST. Despite inevitable variance losses, the reconstructed multidecadal variability exceeds that simulated by a state-of-the-art GCM (forced and unforced) over the past millennium, while reconstructed centennial variability is incompatible with constant boundary conditions. Wavelet coherence analysis reveals a robust antiphasing between solar forcing and Nino-3.4 SST on bicentennial time scales, but not on shorter time scales. Implications for GCM representations of the tropical Pacific climate response to radiative forcing are then discussed.
C1 [Emile-Geay, Julien] Univ So Calif, Dept Earth Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA.
[Cobb, Kimberly M.] Georgia Inst Technol, Dept Earth & Atmospher Sci, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
[Mann, Michael E.] Penn State Univ, Dept Meteorol, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Wittenberg, Andrew T.] NOAA, Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, Princeton, NJ USA.
RP Emile-Geay, J (reprint author), Univ So Calif, Dept Earth Sci, 3651 Trousdale Pkwy, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA.
EM julieneg@usc.edu
RI Emile-Geay, Julien/B-1102-2010; Mann, Michael/B-8472-2017; Wittenberg,
Andrew/G-9619-2013
OI Emile-Geay, Julien/0000-0001-5920-4751; Mann,
Michael/0000-0003-3067-296X; Wittenberg, Andrew/0000-0003-1680-8963
FU NOAA [NA06OAR4310116]
FX We acknowledge funding from NOAA Grant NA06OAR4310116. The authors thank
Scott Rutherford, Emanuele DiLorenzo, Judith Curry, Kettyah Chaak, Tapio
Schneider, Julie Richey, David Black, Kevin Anchukaitis, Paige Green,
and Glenn Alexander for providing data, help, and support. Data and code
are available online at
http://hurricane.ncdc.noaa.gov/pls/paleox/f?p=519:1:4253936273493430::::
P1_STUDY_ID: 13684.
NR 125
TC 55
Z9 57
U1 6
U2 62
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0894-8755
EI 1520-0442
J9 J CLIMATE
JI J. Clim.
PD APR
PY 2013
VL 26
IS 7
BP 2329
EP 2352
DI 10.1175/JCLI-D-11-00511.1
PG 24
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 117GL
UT WOS:000316941400012
ER
PT J
AU Zhang, S
Winton, M
Rosati, A
Delworth, T
Huang, B
AF Zhang, S.
Winton, M.
Rosati, A.
Delworth, T.
Huang, B.
TI Impact of Enthalpy-Based Ensemble Filtering Sea Ice Data Assimilation on
Decadal Predictions: Simulation with a Conceptual Pycnocline Prediction
Model
SO JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
LA English
DT Article
ID COUPLED MODEL; PARAMETER OPTIMIZATION; CLIMATE ESTIMATION; ERROR
COVARIANCE; KALMAN FILTER; PREDICTABILITY; ADJUSTMENT
AB The non-Gaussian probability distribution of sea ice concentration makes it difficult to directly assimilate sea ice observations into a climate model. Because of the strong impact of the atmospheric and oceanic forcing on the sea ice state, any direct assimilation adjustment on sea ice states is easily overridden by model physics. A new approach implements sea ice data assimilation in enthalpy space where a sea ice model represents a nonlinear function that transforms a positive-definite space into the sea ice concentration subspace. Results from observation-assimilation experiments using a conceptual pycnocline prediction model that characterizes the influences of sea ice on the decadal variability of the climate system show that the new scheme efficiently assimilates "sea ice observations" into the model: while improving sea ice variability itself, it consistently improves the estimates of all "climate" components. The resulted coupled initialization that is physically consistent among all coupled components significantly improves decadal-scale predictability of the coupled model.
C1 [Zhang, S.; Winton, M.; Rosati, A.; Delworth, T.] Princeton Univ, GFDL, NOAA, Princeton, NJ 08542 USA.
[Huang, B.] COLA, Calverton, MD USA.
[Huang, B.] George Mason Univ, Dept Atmospher Ocean & Earth Sci, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA.
RP Zhang, S (reprint author), Princeton Univ, GFDL, NOAA, POB 308, Princeton, NJ 08542 USA.
EM shaoqing.zhang@noaa.gov
RI Delworth, Thomas/C-5191-2014
NR 33
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 1
U2 9
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0894-8755
J9 J CLIMATE
JI J. Clim.
PD APR
PY 2013
VL 26
IS 7
BP 2368
EP 2378
DI 10.1175/JCLI-D-11-00714.1
PG 11
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 117GL
UT WOS:000316941400014
ER
PT J
AU Lintner, BR
Gentine, P
Findell, KL
D'Andrea, F
Sobel, AH
Salvucci, GD
AF Lintner, Benjamin R.
Gentine, Pierre
Findell, Kirsten L.
D'Andrea, Fabio
Sobel, Adam H.
Salvucci, Guido D.
TI An Idealized Prototype for Large-Scale Land-Atmosphere Coupling
SO JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
LA English
DT Article
ID TROPICAL CIRCULATION MODEL; SOIL-MOISTURE; EVAPORATIVE FRACTION; DIURNAL
BEHAVIOR; PRECIPITATION; CONVECTION; CLIMATE; IMPACT; VARIABILITY;
PREDICTION
AB A process-based, semianalytic prototype model for understanding large-scale land-atmosphere coupling is developed here. The metric for quantifying the coupling is the sensitivity of precipitation P to soil moisture W, triangle P/triangle W. For a range of prototype parameters typical of conditions found over tropical or summertime continents, the sensitivity measure exhibits a broad minimum at intermediate soil moisture values. This minimum is attributed to a trade-off between evaporation (or evapotranspiration) E and large-scale moisture convergence across the range of soil moisture states. For water-limited, low soil moisture conditions, triangle P/triangle W is dominated by evaporative sensitivity triangle E/triangle W, reflecting high potential evaporation E-p arising from relatively warm surface conditions and a moisture-deficient atmospheric column under dry surface conditions. By contrast, under high soil moisture (or energy limited) conditions, triangle E/triangle W becomes slightly negative as Ep decreases. However, because convergence and precipitation increase strongly with decreasing (drying) moisture advection, while soil moisture slowly saturates, triangle P/triangle W is large. Variation of key parameters is shown to impact the magnitude of triangle P/triangle W, for example, increasing the time scale for deep convective adjustment lowers triangle P/triangle W at a given W, especially on the moist side of the profile where convergence dominates. While the prototype's applicability for direct quantitative comparison with either observations or models is clearly limited, it nonetheless demonstrates how the complex interplay of surface turbulent and column radiative fluxes, deep convection, and horizontal and vertical moisture transport influences the coupling of the land surface and atmosphere that may be expected to occur in either more realistic models or observations.
C1 [Lintner, Benjamin R.] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Environm Sci, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA.
[Gentine, Pierre] Columbia Univ, Dept Earth & Environm Engn, New York, NY USA.
[Findell, Kirsten L.] Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, Princeton, NJ USA.
[D'Andrea, Fabio] Ecole Normale Super, Lab Meteorol Dynam, F-75231 Paris, France.
[Sobel, Adam H.] Columbia Univ, Dept Appl Phys & Appl Math, New York, NY USA.
[Sobel, Adam H.] Columbia Univ, Lamont Doherty Earth Observ, Palisades, NY USA.
[Salvucci, Guido D.] Boston Univ, Dept Earth & Environm, Boston, MA 02215 USA.
RP Lintner, BR (reprint author), Rutgers State Univ, Dept Environm Sci, 14 Coll Farm Rd, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA.
EM lintner@envsci.rutgers.edu
RI Salvucci, Guido/I-6185-2013; Findell, Kirsten/D-4430-2014; Sobel,
Adam/K-4014-2015
OI Sobel, Adam/0000-0003-3602-0567
FU National Science Foundation (NSF) [AGS-1035968]; New Jersey Agricultural
Experiment Station Hatch [NJ07102]; AHS [AGS-1008847]
FX The authors thank Alan K. Betts for discussion about this work and two
anonymous reviewers for their comments. This work was supported by
National Science Foundation (NSF) Grant AGS-1035968 and New Jersey
Agricultural Experiment Station Hatch Grant NJ07102. AHS acknowledges
support from NSF AGS-1008847.
NR 35
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 0
U2 21
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0894-8755
EI 1520-0442
J9 J CLIMATE
JI J. Clim.
PD APR
PY 2013
VL 26
IS 7
BP 2379
EP 2389
DI 10.1175/JCLI-D-11-00561.1
PG 11
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 117GL
UT WOS:000316941400015
ER
PT J
AU Qian, CQ
Zabow, G
Koretsky, A
AF Qian, Chunqi
Zabow, Gary
Koretsky, Alan
TI Engineering novel detectors and sensors for MRI
SO JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE
LA English
DT Article
DE Microresonator; Inductive coupling; Microfabrication; Contrast agents
ID MAGNETIC-RESONANCE MICROSCOPY; RESOLUTION INTRAVASCULAR MRI; RAT
SPINAL-CORD; CONTRAST AGENTS; TRANSMISSION-LINE; PARACEST AGENTS;
IMPLANTED COIL; SURFACE COILS; INVIVO NMR; RF COIL
AB Increasing detection sensitivity and image contrast have always been major topics of research in MRI. In this perspective, we summarize two engineering approaches to make detectors and sensors that have potential to extend the capability of MRI. The first approach is to integrate miniaturized detectors with a wireless powered parametric amplifier to enhance the detection sensitivity of remotely coupled detectors. The second approach is to microfabricate contrast agents with encoded multispectral frequency shifts, whose properties can be specified and fine-tuned by geometry. These two complementary approaches will benefit from the rapid development in nanotechnology and microfabrication which should enable new opportunities for MRI. Published by Elsevier Inc.
C1 [Qian, Chunqi; Zabow, Gary; Koretsky, Alan] NINDS, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA.
[Zabow, Gary] NIST, Electromagnet Div, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Koretsky, A (reprint author), 10 Ctr Dr,Room 1D728,MSC 1065, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA.
EM koretskya@ninds.nih.gov
RI Qian, Chunqi/A-7481-2012; Koretsky, Alan/C-7940-2015
OI Koretsky, Alan/0000-0002-8085-4756
FU Intramural Research Program of the NIH, NINDS
FX This research was supported by the Intramural Research Program of the
NIH, NINDS.
NR 58
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 1
U2 27
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 1090-7807
J9 J MAGN RESON
JI J. Magn. Reson.
PD APR
PY 2013
VL 229
BP 67
EP 74
DI 10.1016/j.jmr.2012.11.012
PG 8
WC Biochemical Research Methods; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical;
Spectroscopy
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Physics; Spectroscopy
GA 115VT
UT WOS:000316840700008
PM 23245489
ER
PT J
AU Duthinh, D
Phan, LT
Simiu, E
AF Duthinh, Dat
Phan, Long T.
Simiu, Emil
TI Discussion of "Review of Methods to Assess, Design for, and Mitigate
Multiple Hazards" by Yue Li, Aakash Ahuja, and Jamie E. Padgett
SO JOURNAL OF PERFORMANCE OF CONSTRUCTED FACILITIES
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 [Duthinh, Dat] NIST, Struct Engn Grp, Engn Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Phan, Long T.; Simiu, Emil] NIST, Natl Windstorm Impact Reduct Program, Engn Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Duthinh, D (reprint author), NIST, Struct Engn Grp, Engn Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM dduthinh@nist.gov; long.phan@nist.gov; emil.simiu@nist.gov
NR 7
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 5
PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS
PI RESTON
PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA
SN 0887-3828
J9 J PERFORM CONSTR FAC
JI J. Perform. Constr. Facil.
PD APR
PY 2013
VL 27
IS 2
BP 215
EP 216
DI 10.1061/(ASCE)CF.1943-5509.0000372
PG 2
WC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering, Civil
SC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering
GA 118ZK
UT WOS:000317065900011
ER
PT J
AU Inn, KGW
Johnson, CM
Oldham, W
Jerome, S
Tandon, L
Schaaff, T
Jones, R
Mackney, D
MacKill, P
Palmer, B
Smith, D
LaMont, S
Griggs, J
AF Inn, Kenneth G. W.
Johnson, C. Martin, Jr.
Oldham, Warren
Jerome, Simon
Tandon, Lav
Schaaff, Thomas
Jones, Robert
Mackney, Daniel
MacKill, Pam
Palmer, Brett
Smith, Donna
LaMont, Stephen
Griggs, John
TI The urgent requirement for new radioanalytical certified reference
materials for nuclear safeguards, forensics, and consequence management
SO JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE Reference materials; Metrology; Nuclear; Safeguards; Post-detonation;
Detecting technologies; Consequence management
AB A multi-agency workshop was held from 25 to 27 August 2009, at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), to identify and prioritize the development of radioanalytical Certified Reference Materials (CRMs, generally provided by National Metrology Institutes; Standard Reference Materials, a CRM issued by NIST) for field and laboratory nuclear measurement methods to be used to assess the consequences of a domestic or international nuclear event. Without these CRMs, policy makers concerned with detecting proliferation and trafficking of nuclear materials, attribution and retribution following a nuclear event, and public health consequences of a nuclear event would have difficulty making decisions based on analytical data that would stand up to scientific, public, and judicial scrutiny. The workshop concentrated on three areas: post-incident Improvised Nuclear Device (IND) nuclear forensics, safeguard materials characterization, and consequence management for an IND or a Radiological Dispersion Device detonation scenario. The workshop identified specific CRM requirements to fulfill the needs for these three measurement communities. Of highest priority are: (1) isotope dilution mass spectrometry standards, specifically U-233, Np-236g, Pu-244, and Am-243, used for quantitative analysis of the respective elements that are in critically short supply and in urgent need of replenishment and certification; (2) CRMs that are urgently needed for post-detonation debris analysis of actinides and fission fragments, and (3) CRMs used for destructive and nondestructive analyses for safeguards measurements, and radioisotopes of interest in environmental matrices.
C1 [Inn, Kenneth G. W.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Johnson, C. Martin, Jr.] USAF, San Antonio, TX USA.
[Oldham, Warren; Tandon, Lav; Smith, Donna; LaMont, Stephen] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA.
[Jerome, Simon] Natl Phys Lab, London, England.
[Schaaff, Thomas] Y12 Natl Secur Complex, Oak Ridge, TN USA.
[Jones, Robert] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, NCEH, Atlanta, GA USA.
[Mackney, Daniel; Griggs, John] US EPA, NAREL, Montgomery, AL USA.
[MacKill, Pam] US FDA, WEAC, Winchester, MA USA.
[Palmer, Brett] Navarro Res & Engn Inc, Oak Ridge, TN USA.
RP Inn, KGW (reprint author), NIST, 100 Bur Dr,MS 8462, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM kenneth.inn@nist.gov
OI Oldham, Warren/0000-0002-0997-2653
NR 19
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 2
U2 32
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0236-5731
J9 J RADIOANAL NUCL CH
JI J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem.
PD APR
PY 2013
VL 296
IS 1
BP 5
EP 22
DI 10.1007/s10967-012-1972-y
PG 18
WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science &
Technology
SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology
GA 112CM
UT WOS:000316569600003
ER
PT J
AU Nour, S
Inn, KGW
Filliben, J
van der Gaast, H
Men, LC
Calmet, D
Altzitzoglou, T
Povinec, P
Takata, Y
Wisdom, M
Nakamura, K
Vesterbacka, P
Huang, CC
Vakulovsky, SM
AF Nour, S.
Inn, K. G. W.
Filliben, J.
van der Gaast, H.
Men, L. C.
Calmet, D.
Altzitzoglou, T.
Povinec, P.
Takata, Y.
Wisdom, M.
Nakamura, K.
Vesterbacka, P.
Huang, C. C.
Vakulovsky, S. M.
TI Characterization of the NIST shellfish Standard Reference Material 4358
SO JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE Standard Reference Material; Shellfish; SRM; Radionuclide;
Interlaboratory comparison; Certified values; Uncertainties;
Informational values
AB A new shellfish Standard Reference Material 4358 was developed by the National Institute of Standards and Technology through an international interlaboratory comparison that involved twelve laboratories-participants from nine countries. The results from the participants were statistically evaluated, and the most robust certified values were based on the median of laboratories' reported means and the uncertainties derived using the bootstrap method. Massic activity certified values were established for fourteen radionuclides, five activity ratios, and informational massic activity values for eight more radionuclides and two activity ratios.
C1 [Nour, S.; Inn, K. G. W.; Filliben, J.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[van der Gaast, H.] Australian Nucl Sci & Technol Org, Menai, NSW 2234, Australia.
[Men, L. C.] Inst Nucl Energy Res, Tao Yuan, Taiwan.
[Calmet, D.] Inst Radioprotect & Surete Nucl, Orsay, France.
[Altzitzoglou, T.] Inst Reference Mat & Measurements, Geel, Belgium.
[Povinec, P.] IAEA Marine Environm Lab, Monaco, Monaco.
[Takata, Y.] Japan Chem Anal Ctr, Chiba, Japan.
[Wisdom, M.] Natl Air & Radiat Environm Lab, Montgomery, AL USA.
[Nakamura, K.] Natl Inst Radiol Sci, Chiba 260, Japan.
[Vesterbacka, P.] Radiat & Nucl Safety Author, Helsinki, Finland.
[Huang, C. C.] Taiwan Radiat Monitoring Ctr, Taichung, Taiwan.
[Vakulovsky, S. M.] Sci Prod Assoc Typhoon, Obninsk, Russia.
RP Nour, S (reprint author), NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM svetlana.nour@nist.gov
OI Povinec, Pavel/0000-0003-0275-794X
NR 10
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 6
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0236-5731
J9 J RADIOANAL NUCL CH
JI J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem.
PD APR
PY 2013
VL 296
IS 1
BP 301
EP 307
DI 10.1007/s10967-012-2204-1
PG 7
WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science &
Technology
SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology
GA 112CM
UT WOS:000316569600049
ER
PT J
AU Zhang, R
Delworth, TL
Sutton, R
Hodson, DLR
Dixon, KW
Held, IM
Kushnir, Y
Marshall, J
Ming, Y
Msadek, R
Robson, J
Rosati, AJ
Ting, MF
Vecchi, GA
AF Zhang, Rong
Delworth, Thomas L.
Sutton, Rowan
Hodson, Daniel L. R.
Dixon, Keith W.
Held, Isaac M.
Kushnir, Yochanan
Marshall, John
Ming, Yi
Msadek, Rym
Robson, Jon
Rosati, Anthony J.
Ting, MingFang
Vecchi, Gabriel A.
TI Have Aerosols Caused the Observed Atlantic Multidecadal Variability?
SO JOURNAL OF THE ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
ID SEA-SURFACE TEMPERATURE; NORTH-ATLANTIC; THERMOHALINE CIRCULATION;
CLIMATE VARIABILITY; OCEAN; HEMISPHERE; SALINITY; TRENDS
AB Identifying the prime drivers of the twentieth-century multidecadal variability in the Atlantic Ocean is crucial for predicting how the Atlantic will evolve in the coming decades and the resulting broad impacts on weather and precipitation patterns around the globe. Recently, Booth et al. showed that the Hadley Centre Global Environmental Model, version 2, Earth system configuration (HadGEM2-ES) closely reproduces the observed multidecadal variations of area-averaged North Atlantic sea surface temperature in the twentieth century. The multidecadal variations simulated in HadGEM2-ES are primarily driven by aerosol indirect effects that modify net surface shortwave radiation. On the basis of these results, Booth et al. concluded that aerosols are a prime driver of twentieth-century North Atlantic climate variability. However, here it is shown that there are major discrepancies between the HadGEM2-ES simulations and observations in the North Atlantic upper-ocean heat content, in the spatial pattern of multidecadal SST changes within and outside the North Atlantic, and in the subpolar North Atlantic sea surface salinity. These discrepancies may be strongly influenced by, and indeed in large part caused by, aerosol effects. It is also shown that the aerosol effects simulated in HadGEM2-ES cannot account for the observed anticorrelation between detrended multidecadal surface and subsurface temperature variations in the tropical North Atlantic. These discrepancies cast considerable doubt on the claim that aerosol forcing drives the bulk of this multidecadal variability.
C1 [Zhang, Rong; Delworth, Thomas L.; Dixon, Keith W.; Held, Isaac M.; Ming, Yi; Msadek, Rym; Rosati, Anthony J.; Vecchi, Gabriel A.] NOAA, Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA.
[Sutton, Rowan; Hodson, Daniel L. R.; Robson, Jon] Univ Reading, Dept Meteorol, Natl Ctr Atmospher Sci Climate, Reading, Berks, England.
[Kushnir, Yochanan; Ting, MingFang] Columbia Univ, Lamont Doherty Earth Observ, Palisades, NY USA.
[Marshall, John] MIT, Dept Earth Atmospher & Planetary Sci, Cambridge, MA USA.
RP Zhang, R (reprint author), NOAA, GFDL, 201 Forrestal Rd,Route 1, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA.
EM rong.zhang@noaa.gov
RI Vecchi, Gabriel/A-2413-2008; Robson, Jon/A-7677-2012; Ming,
Yi/F-3023-2012; Delworth, Thomas/C-5191-2014; Zhang, Rong/D-9767-2014;
Msadek, Rym/C-7752-2014; Dixon, Keith/L-7120-2015; Hodson,
Dan/A-5563-2012
OI Sutton, Rowan/0000-0001-8345-8583; Vecchi, Gabriel/0000-0002-5085-224X;
Robson, Jon/0000-0002-3467-018X; Zhang, Rong/0000-0002-8493-6556;
Msadek, Rym/0000-0003-0450-4815; Dixon, Keith/0000-0003-3044-326X;
Hodson, Dan/0000-0001-7159-6700
NR 44
TC 105
Z9 106
U1 5
U2 70
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0022-4928
EI 1520-0469
J9 J ATMOS SCI
JI J. Atmos. Sci.
PD APR
PY 2013
VL 70
IS 4
BP 1135
EP 1144
DI 10.1175/JAS-D-12-0331.1
PG 10
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 118AC
UT WOS:000316993700010
ER
PT J
AU Davies-Jones, R
Markowski, P
AF Davies-Jones, Robert
Markowski, Paul
TI Lifting of Ambient Air by Density Currents in Sheared Environments
SO JOURNAL OF THE ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
ID LIVED SQUALL LINES; GRAVITY CURRENTS; NUMERICAL SIMULATIONS; DYNAMICAL
STRUCTURE; VORTICITY; FLOWS; CONVECTION
AB Two aspects of vorticity associated with cold pools are addressed. First, tilting of horizontal vortex tubes by the updraft at a gust front has been proposed as a means of getting near-ground rotation and hence a tornado. Theory and a numerical simulation are used to show that this mechanism will not work because warm air parcels approaching the gust front decelerate in strong adverse pressure gradient. The near-surface horizontal vorticity available for upward tilting is greatly reduced by horizontal compression before it is tilted. Consequently, uplifting of vortex tubes produces little vertical vorticity near the ground.
Second, it is shown that the baroclinic vorticity generated at the leading edge of the cold pool is transported rearward in the vortex sheet along the interface between cold and warm air, and the barotropic vorticity associated with environmental shear is conserved along streamlines. Warm parcels away from the interface do not acquire baroclinic vorticity to offset their barotropic vorticity, as assumed in a theory for long-lived squall lines. The vortex sheet has a far-field effect on the circulation in the warm air. A steady-state vortex method is used to propose why there is a steady noncirculating density current only when a lid is present and at a specific height.
C1 [Davies-Jones, Robert] NOAA, Natl Severe Storms Lab, Norman, OK 73069 USA.
[Markowski, Paul] Penn State Univ, Dept Meteorol, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
RP Markowski, P (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Dept Meteorol, 503 Walker Bldg, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
EM pmarkowski@psu.edu
OI Markowski, Paul/0000-0002-4295-3390
FU National Science Foundation (NSF) [AGS-0644533, AGS-0801035]
FX The investigation into the possibility of a strong surface vortex
arising from the tilting of environmental vortex lines by a strong
density current was motivated by a discussion involving the second
author, Howie Bluestein, and Brian Fiedler. We are also grateful for
discussions on this topic with Johannes Dahl, Matt Parker, Erik
Rasmussen, Yvette Richardson, and Jerry Straka. Discussions with George
Bryan and Rich Rotunno helped clarify parts of sections 4 and 5. Aid to
the second author was provided in part by Awards AGS-0644533 and
AGS-0801035 from the National Science Foundation (NSF). We thank George
Bryan for his ongoing generous support of CM1, which was the model used
for the simulation described in section 5. Figure 5 was created using
the Grid Analysis and Display System (GrADS), developed by the Center
for Ocean-Land-Atmosphere Studies. Finally, we thank Qin Xu and two
anonymous reviews for their constructive reviews.
NR 30
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 1
U2 13
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0022-4928
J9 J ATMOS SCI
JI J. Atmos. Sci.
PD APR
PY 2013
VL 70
IS 4
BP 1204
EP 1215
DI 10.1175/JAS-D-12-0149.1
PG 12
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 118AC
UT WOS:000316993700015
ER
PT J
AU Lakshmivarahan, S
Lewis, JM
Phan, D
AF Lakshmivarahan, S.
Lewis, J. M.
Phan, D.
TI Data Assimilation as a Problem in Optimal Tracking: Application of
Pontryagin's Minimum Principle to Atmospheric Science
SO JOURNAL OF THE ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
ID NUMERICAL VARIATIONAL ANALYSIS; WEATHER-MAP ANALYSIS; WEAK CONSTRAINT;
PREDICTION; EQUATIONS; ERROR; MODEL; BIAS
AB A data assimilation strategy based on feedback control has been developed for the geophysical sciences-a strategy that uses model output to control the behavior of the dynamical system. Whereas optimal tracking through feedback control had its early history in application to vehicle trajectories in space science, the methodology has been adapted to geophysical dynamics by forcing the trajectory of a deterministic model to follow observations in accord with observation accuracy. Fundamentally, this offline (where it is assumed that the observations in a given assimilation window are all given) approach is based on Pontryagin's minimum principle (PMP) where a least squares fit of idealized path to dynamic law follows from Hamiltonian mechanics. This utilitarian process optimally determines a forcing function that depends on the state (the feedback component) and the observations. It follows that this optimal forcing accounts for the model error. From this model error, a correction to the one-step transition matrix is constructed. The above theory and technique is illustrated using the linear Burgers' equation that transfers energy from the large scale to the small scale.
C1 [Lakshmivarahan, S.; Phan, D.] Univ Oklahoma, Sch Comp Sci, Norman, OK 73019 USA.
[Lewis, J. M.] Natl Severe Storms Lab, Norman, OK 73069 USA.
[Lewis, J. M.] Univ Nevada, Desert Res Inst, Reno, NV 89506 USA.
RP Lakshmivarahan, S (reprint author), Univ Oklahoma, Sch Comp Sci, 110 W Boyd St,Room DEH 230, Norman, OK 73019 USA.
EM varahan@ou.edu
OI Phan, Dung/0000-0003-1890-4959
FU NSF EPSCOR Track 2 Grant [105-155900]; NSF Grant [105-15400]
FX We are very grateful to Qin Xu and an anonymous reviewer for their
comments and suggestions that helped to improve the organizations of the
paper. S. Lakshmivarahan's efforts are supported in part by two grants:
NSF EPSCOR Track 2 Grant 105-155900 and NSF Grant 105-15400.
NR 52
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 8
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0022-4928
J9 J ATMOS SCI
JI J. Atmos. Sci.
PD APR
PY 2013
VL 70
IS 4
BP 1257
EP 1277
DI 10.1175/JAS-D-12-0217.1
PG 21
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 118AC
UT WOS:000316993700019
ER
PT J
AU Liang, MC
Lin, LC
Tung, KK
Yung, YL
Sun, S
AF Liang, Mao-Chang
Lin, Li-Ching
Tung, Ka-Kit
Yung, Yuk L.
Sun, Shan
TI Transient Climate Response in Coupled Atmospheric-Ocean General
Circulation Models
SO JOURNAL OF THE ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
ID SENSITIVITY; DEPENDENCE; FEEDBACK
AB The equilibrium climate sensitivity (ECS) has a large uncertainty range among models participating in the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Fourth Assessment Report (AR4) and has recently been presented as "inherently unpredictable.'' One way to circumvent this problem is to consider the transient climate response (TCR). However, the TCR among AR4 models also differs by more than a factor of 2. The authors argue that the situation may not necessarily be so pessimistic, because much of the intermodel difference may be due to the fact that the models were run with their oceans at various stages of flux adjustment with their atmosphere. This is shown by comparing multimillennium-long runs of the Goddard Institute for Space Studies model, version E, coupled with the Hybrid Coordinate Ocean Model (GISS-EH) and the Community Climate System Model, version 4 (CCSM4) with what were reported to AR4. The long model runs here reveal the range of variability (similar to 30%) in their TCR within the same model with the same ECS. The commonly adopted remedy of subtracting the "climate drift" is ineffective and adds to the variability. The culprit is the natural variability of the control runs, which exists even at quasi equilibration. Fortunately, for simulations with multidecadal time horizon, robust solutions can be obtained by branching off thousand-year-long control runs that reach "quasi equilibration" using a new protocol, which takes advantage of the fact that forced solutions to radiative forcing forget their initial condition after 30-40 yr and instead depend mostly on the trajectory of the radiative forcing.
C1 [Liang, Mao-Chang] Acad Sinica, Res Ctr Environm Changes, Taipei 115, Taiwan.
[Liang, Mao-Chang] Acad Sinica, Inst Astron & Astrophys, Taipei 115, Taiwan.
[Liang, Mao-Chang] Natl Cent Univ, Grad Inst Astron, Jhongli, Taiwan.
[Lin, Li-Ching] Acad Sinica, Inst Earth Sci, Taipei 115, Taiwan.
[Tung, Ka-Kit] Univ Washington, Dept Appl Math, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Yung, Yuk L.] CALTECH, Div Geol & Planetary Sci, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
[Sun, Shan] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO USA.
RP Liang, MC (reprint author), Nankang POB 1-48, Taipei 11529, Taiwan.
EM mcl@rcec.sinica.edu.tw
RI Sun, Shan/H-2318-2015
FU NSC [101-2628-M-001-001-MY4]; National Science Foundation [DMS 0940342];
National Aeronautics and Space Administration [NNX11AC75G]; KISS program
at the California Institute of Technology
FX The research is performed using high performance computing resources
provided by ASCC and ASGC. This work is supported in part by NSC Grant
101-2628-M-001-001-MY4 to Academia Sinica. KKT's research is supported
by National Science Foundation, under Grant DMS 0940342, and the
National Aeronautics and Space Administration, under Grant NNX11AC75G.
YLY acknowledges support from the KISS program at the California
Institute of Technology.
NR 16
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 2
U2 18
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0022-4928
EI 1520-0469
J9 J ATMOS SCI
JI J. Atmos. Sci.
PD APR
PY 2013
VL 70
IS 4
BP 1291
EP 1296
DI 10.1175/JAS-D-12-0338.1
PG 6
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 118AC
UT WOS:000316993700021
ER
PT J
AU Peacock, E
Taylor, MK
Laake, J
Stirling, I
AF Peacock, Elizabeth
Taylor, Mitchell K.
Laake, Jeffrey
Stirling, Ian
TI Population ecology of polar bears in Davis Strait, Canada and Greenland
SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Arctic; harp seal; harvest; density effects; mark-recapture; polar bear;
population demography; sea ice; Ursus maritimus; wildlife management
ID WESTERN HUDSON-BAY; URSUS-MARITIMUS; VIABILITY; SIZE; SEA; RECRUITMENT;
DEMOGRAPHY; SURVIVAL; NUNAVUT; HARVEST
AB Until recently, the sea ice habitat of polar bears was understood to be variable, but environmental variability was considered to be cyclic or random, rather than progressive. Harvested populations were believed to be at levels where density effects were considered not significant. However, because we now understand that polar bear demography can also be influenced by progressive change in the environment, and some populations have increased to greater densities than historically lower numbers, a broader suite of factors should be considered in demographic studies and management. We analyzed 35 years of capture and harvest data from the polar bear (Ursus maritimus) subpopulation in Davis Strait, including data from a new study (20052007), to quantify its current demography. We estimated the population size in 2007 to be 2,158 +/- 180 (SE), a likely increase from the 1970s. We detected variation in survival, reproductive rates, and age-structure of polar bears from geographic sub-regions. Survival and reproduction of bears in southern Davis Strait was greater than in the north and tied to a concurrent dramatic increase in breeding harp seals (Pagophilus groenlandicus) in Labrador. The most supported survival models contained geographic and temporal variables. Harp seal abundance was significantly related to polar bear survival. Our estimates of declining harvest recovery rate, and increasing total survival, suggest that the rate of harvest declined over time. Low recruitment rates, average adult survival rates, and high population density, in an environment of high prey density, but deteriorating and variable ice conditions, currently characterize the Davis Strait polar bears. Low reproductive rates may reflect negative effects of greater densities or worsening ice conditions. (c) 2013 The Wildlife Society.
C1 [Peacock, Elizabeth] Govt Nunavut, Dept Environm, Igloolik, NU X0A 0L0, Canada.
[Peacock, Elizabeth] US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
[Taylor, Mitchell K.] Lakehead Univ, Fac Sci & Environm Studies, Thunder Bay, ON P7B 5E1, Canada.
[Laake, Jeffrey] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Natl Marine Mammal Lab, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
[Stirling, Ian] Environm Canada, Wildlife Res Div, Edmonton, AB T6G 3S5, Canada.
[Stirling, Ian] Univ Alberta, Dept Biol Sci, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E9, Canada.
RP Peacock, E (reprint author), Govt Nunavut, Dept Environm, Igloolik, NU X0A 0L0, Canada.
EM lpeacock@usgs.gov
FU governments of Nunavut, NL, Nunatsiavut; Makivik Corporation; Polar
Continental Shelf Project, Parks Canada; Nunavut Wildlife Management
Board
FX We thank the governments of Nunavut, Quebec, Newfoundland and Labrador
(NL), and Greenland for providing harvest data. The governments of
Nunavut, NL, Nunatsiavut and the Makivik Corporation, Polar Continental
Shelf Project, Parks Canada, and the Nunavut Wildlife Management Board
provided funding of new capture operations, 2005-2007. A. Simpson (Parks
Canada) provided logistics support, E. Born (Greenland Institute of
Natural Resources) assisted with harvest data, and B. Doidge and B. Ford
(Makivik), and R. Jefferies, R. Otto, and T. Chubbs (NL) assisted with
harvest data and logistics. We thank all field technicians, including
those who contributed significant time during the new 2005-2007 field
effort: C. Didham, M. Dyck, B. Ford, R. Jefferies, R. Otto, T. Pardy, J.
McConnell, M. Kotierk. The map figures were prepared by J. McConnell. We
thank our pilots, especially J. Innis, for ensuring the safety of polar
bears and crews from 1974 to 2008. We thank J. Bromaghin, D. Diefenbach,
G. White, and 2 anonymous reviewers for constructive critiques of the
manuscript. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive
purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 56
TC 18
Z9 18
U1 10
U2 184
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0022-541X
J9 J WILDLIFE MANAGE
JI J. Wildl. Manage.
PD APR
PY 2013
VL 77
IS 3
BP 463
EP 476
DI 10.1002/jwmg.489
PG 14
WC Ecology; Zoology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology
GA 115ND
UT WOS:000316818100005
ER
PT J
AU Hadler, J
Dowell, M
AF Hadler, Joshua
Dowell, Marla
TI Accurate, inexpensive testing of laser pointer power for safe operation
SO MEASUREMENT SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE laser pointer; laser power; laser safety
ID INJURIES
AB An accurate, inexpensive test-bed for the measurement of optical power emitted from handheld lasers is described. The setup consists of a power meter, optical bandpass filters, an adjustable iris and self-centering lens mounts. We demonstrate this test-bed by evaluating the output power of 23 laser pointers with respect to the limits imposed by the US Code of Federal Regulations. We find a compliance rate of only 26%. A discussion of potential laser pointer hazards is included.
C1 [Hadler, Joshua; Dowell, Marla] NIST, Quantum Elect & Photon Div, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Hadler, J (reprint author), NIST, Quantum Elect & Photon Div, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM joshua.hadler@nist.gov
NR 13
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 2
U2 16
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0957-0233
EI 1361-6501
J9 MEAS SCI TECHNOL
JI Meas. Sci. Technol.
PD APR
PY 2013
VL 24
IS 4
AR 045202
DI 10.1088/0957-0233/24/4/045202
PG 7
WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Instruments & Instrumentation
SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation
GA 110OC
UT WOS:000316452800011
ER
PT J
AU Nawrocki, AM
Collins, AG
Hirano, YM
Schuchert, P
Cartwright, P
AF Nawrocki, Annalise M.
Collins, Allen G.
Hirano, Yayoi M.
Schuchert, Peter
Cartwright, Paulyn
TI Phylogenetic placement of Hydra and relationships within Aplanulata
(Cnidaria: Hydrozoa)
SO MOLECULAR PHYLOGENETICS AND EVOLUTION
LA English
DT Article
DE Aplanulata; Cnidaria; Hydrozoa; Molecular phylogenetics; Hydra
ID MULTIPLE SEQUENCE ALIGNMENT; EUROPEAN ATHECATE HYDROIDS;
FUKAURAHYDRA-ANTHOFORMIS; SUBSTITUTION MODELS; MEDUSAE HYDROZOA; PHYLUM
CNIDARIA; STEM-CELLS; RDNA DATA; N-SP; MITOCHONDRIAL
AB The model organism Hydra belongs to the hydrozoan clade Aplanulata. Despite being a popular model system for development, little is known about the phylogenetic placement of this taxon or the relationships of its closest relatives. Previous studies have been conflicting regarding sister group relationships and have been unable to resolve deep nodes within the clade. In addition, there are several putative Aplanulata taxa that have never been sampled for molecular data or analyzed using multiple markers. Here, we combine the fast-evolving cytochrome oxidase 1 (CO1) mitochondrial marker with mitochondrial 16S, nuclear small ribosomal subunit (18S, SSU) and large ribosomal subunit (28S, LSU) sequences to examine relationships within the clade Aplanulata. We further discuss the relative contribution of four different molecular markers to resolving phylogenetic relationships within Aplanulata. Lastly, we report morphological synapomorphies for some of the major Aplanulata genera and families, and suggest new taxonomic classifications for two species of Aplanulata, Fukaurahydra anthoformis and Corymorpha intermedia, based on a preponderance of molecular and morphological data that justify the designation of these species to different genera. (C) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 [Nawrocki, Annalise M.] Pomona Coll, Claremont, CA 91711 USA.
[Collins, Allen G.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, NMFS, Natl Systemat Lab, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
[Hirano, Yayoi M.] Chiba Univ, Dept Biol, Grad Sch Sci, Inage Ku, Chiba 2638522, Japan.
[Schuchert, Peter] Museum Hist Nat, CH-1211 Geneva 6, Switzerland.
[Nawrocki, Annalise M.; Cartwright, Paulyn] Univ Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA.
RP Nawrocki, AM (reprint author), Pomona Coll, RC Seaver Biol Bldg,175 W 6th St, Claremont, CA 91711 USA.
EM annarocky@gmail.com
OI Collins, Allen/0000-0002-3664-9691
FU NSF [AToL EF-0531779, DEB-0953571, DDIG DEB-0910211]; University of
Kansas Madison; Lila Self Graduate Fellowship
FX We thank M.S. Barbeitos for the use of unpublished secondary structure
models for 18S and 28S for Cnidaria, G.Paulay for providing specimens of
H. parva, and R. Richardson for assistance with CO1 amplification of
some samples. We are grateful to A.L. Crowther and three anonymous
reviewers whose comments improved earlier versions of this manuscript.
This work was supported by NSF Grant AToL EF-0531779 to P.C. and A.G.C.,
the NSF Grant DEB-0953571 to P.C., the University of Kansas Madison and
Lila Self Graduate Fellowship to A.M.N., and the NSF Grant DDIG
DEB-0910211 to A.M.N. and P.C.
NR 69
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 21
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 1055-7903
EI 1095-9513
J9 MOL PHYLOGENET EVOL
JI Mol. Phylogenet. Evol.
PD APR
PY 2013
VL 67
IS 1
BP 60
EP 71
DI 10.1016/j.ympev.2012.12.016
PG 12
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics &
Heredity
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics &
Heredity
GA 118LY
UT WOS:000317028200008
PM 23280366
ER
PT J
AU Wang, WQ
Chen, MY
Kumar, A
AF Wang, Wanqiu
Chen, Mingyue
Kumar, Arun
TI Seasonal Prediction of Arctic Sea Ice Extent from a Coupled Dynamical
Forecast System
SO MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW
LA English
DT Article
ID PREDICTABILITY; ANOMALIES; MODEL; AMPLIFICATION; TEMPERATURE;
VARIABILITY; IMPACT; GCM
AB While fully coupled atmosphere-ocean models have been used to study the seasonal predictability of sea ice variations within the context of models' own variability, their capability in predicting the observed sea ice at the seasonal time scales is not well assessed. In this study, sea ice predictions from the recently developed NCEP Climate Forecast System, version 2 (CFSv2), a fully coupled atmosphere-ocean model including an interactive dynamical sea ice component, are analyzed. The focus of the analysis is the performance of CFSv2 in reproducing observed Northern Hemisphere sea ice extent (SIE). The SIE climatology, long-term trend, interannual variability, and predictability are assessed. CFSv2 contains systematic biases that are dependent more on the forecast target month than the initial month, with a positive SIE bias for the forecast for January-September and a negative SIE bias for the forecast for October-December. A large source of seasonal prediction skill is from the long-term trend, which is underestimated in the CFSv2. Prediction skill of interannual SIE anomalies is found to be primarily within the first three target months and is largest in the summer and early fall. The performance of the prediction of sea ice interannual variations varies from year to year and is found to be related to initial sea ice thickness. Potential predictability based on the forecast ensemble, its dependence on model deficiencies, and implications of the results from this study for improvements in the seasonal sea ice prediction are discussed.
C1 [Wang, Wanqiu; Chen, Mingyue; Kumar, Arun] Natl Ctr Environm Predict, Climate Predict Ctr, Camp Springs, MD USA.
RP Wang, WQ (reprint author), NOAA, Ctr Weather & Climate Predict, 5830 Univ Res Court,Room 3004, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
EM wanqiu.wang@noaa.gov
NR 39
TC 29
Z9 29
U1 2
U2 27
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0027-0644
EI 1520-0493
J9 MON WEATHER REV
JI Mon. Weather Rev.
PD APR
PY 2013
VL 141
IS 4
BP 1375
EP 1394
DI 10.1175/MWR-D-12-00057.1
PG 20
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 117ZK
UT WOS:000316991900013
ER
PT J
AU Fitch, AC
Olson, JB
Lundquist, JK
Dudhia, J
Gupta, AK
Michalakes, J
Barstad, I
Archer, CL
AF Fitch, Anna C.
Olson, Joseph B.
Lundquist, Julie K.
Dudhia, Jimy
Gupta, Alok K.
Michalakes, John
Barstad, Idar
Archer, Cristina L.
TI Local and mesoscale impacts of wind farms as parameterized in a
mesoscale NWP model (vol 140, pg 3017, 2012)
SO MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW
LA English
DT Correction
C1 [Fitch, Anna C.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80307 USA.
[Olson, Joseph B.] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO USA.
[Olson, Joseph B.] Univ Colorado, NOAA, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Lundquist, Julie K.] Univ Colorado, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Lundquist, Julie K.; Michalakes, John] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO USA.
[Dudhia, Jimy] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Mesoscale & Microscale Meteorol Div, Boulder, CO 80307 USA.
[Gupta, Alok K.; Barstad, Idar] Uni Res, Bergen, Norway.
[Archer, Cristina L.] Univ Delaware, Coll Earth Ocean & Environm, Newark, DE USA.
RP Fitch, AC (reprint author), Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, POB 3000, Boulder, CO 80307 USA.
EM fitch@ucar.edu
RI Dudhia, Jimy/B-1287-2008; Archer, Cristina/H-3105-2013
OI Dudhia, Jimy/0000-0002-2394-6232; Archer, Cristina/0000-0002-7837-7575
NR 1
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 3
U2 23
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0027-0644
J9 MON WEATHER REV
JI Mon. Weather Rev.
PD APR
PY 2013
VL 141
IS 4
BP 1395
EP 1395
DI 10.1175/MWR-D-12-00341.1
PG 1
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 117ZK
UT WOS:000316991900014
ER
PT J
AU Quinlan, F
Fortier, TM
Jiang, H
Hati, A
Nelson, C
Fu, Y
Campbell, JC
Diddams, SA
AF Quinlan, F.
Fortier, T. M.
Jiang, H.
Hati, A.
Nelson, C.
Fu, Y.
Campbell, J. C.
Diddams, S. A.
TI Exploiting shot noise correlations in the photodetection of ultrashort
optical pulse trains
SO NATURE PHOTONICS
LA English
DT Article
ID TRAVELING-CARRIER PHOTODIODE; MODE-LOCKED LASERS; QUANTUM-NOISE;
FREQUENCY-DIVISION; PHASE-NOISE; INTERFEROMETERS; DEMODULATION;
GENERATION; SIGNAL
AB Photocurrent shot noise represents the fundamental quantum limit for amplitude, phase and timing measurements of optical signals. It is generally assumed that non-classical states of light must be employed to alter the standard, time-invariant shot noise detection limit. However, in the detection of periodic signals, correlations in the shot noise spectrum can impact the quantum limit of detection. Here, we show how these correlations can be exploited to improve shot noise-limited optical pulse timing measurements by several orders of magnitude. This has allowed us to realize a photo-detected pulse train timing noise floor at an unprecedented 25 zs Hz(-1/2) (corresponding phase noise of -179 dBc Hz(-1) on a 10 GHz carrier), similar to 5 dB below the level predicted by the accepted time-invariant shot noise behaviour. This new understanding of the shot noise of time-varying signals can be used to greatly improve photonic systems, affecting a wide range of communication(1), navigation(2) and precision measurement(3) applications.
C1 [Quinlan, F.; Fortier, T. M.; Jiang, H.; Hati, A.; Nelson, C.; Diddams, S. A.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Fu, Y.; Campbell, J. C.] Univ Virginia, Dept Elect Engn, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA.
RP Quinlan, F (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM franklyn.quinlan@nist.gov; scott.diddams@nist.gov
RI jiang, haifeng/F-1080-2011; Diddams, Scott/L-2819-2013
FU National Institute of Standards and Technology; Defense Advanced
Research Projects Agency
FX The authors thank P. Winzer, S. Papp, N. Newbury, E. Ivanov, R. Mhaskar,
A. Ludlow and J. Bergquist for useful discussions and comments on this
manuscript. This work was supported by the National Institute of
Standards and Technology and in part by the Defense Advanced Research
Projects Agency. It is a contribution of an agency of the US Government
and is not subject to copyright in the USA.
NR 30
TC 38
Z9 39
U1 3
U2 33
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 1749-4885
EI 1749-4893
J9 NAT PHOTONICS
JI Nat. Photonics
PD APR
PY 2013
VL 7
IS 4
BP 290
EP 293
DI 10.1038/NPHOTON.2013.33
PG 4
WC Optics; Physics, Applied
SC Optics; Physics
GA 114DZ
UT WOS:000316722400012
ER
PT J
AU Hummon, MT
Yeo, M
Stuhl, BK
Collopy, AL
Xia, Y
Ye, J
AF Hummon, Matthew T.
Yeo, Mark
Stuhl, Benjamin K.
Collopy, Alejandra L.
Xia, Yong
Ye, Jun
TI 2D Magneto-Optical Trapping of Diatomic Molecules
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID ATOMS; COLD
AB We demonstrate one-and two-dimensional transverse laser cooling and magneto-optical trapping of the polar molecule yttrium (II) oxide (YO). In a 1D magneto-optical trap (MOT), we characterize the magneto-optical trapping force and decrease the transverse temperature by an order of magnitude, from 25 to 2 mK, limited by interaction time. In a 2D MOT, we enhance the intensity of the YO beam and reduce the transverse temperature in both transverse directions. The approach demonstrated here can be applied to many molecular species and can also be extended to 3D. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.110.143001
C1 [Hummon, Matthew T.] Univ Colorado, NIST, Joint Inst Lab Astrophys, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
Univ Colorado, Dept Phys, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RP Hummon, MT (reprint author), Univ Colorado, NIST, Joint Inst Lab Astrophys, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
EM matthew.hummon@jila.colorado.edu
RI Ye, Jun/C-3312-2011;
OI HUMMON, MATTHEW/0000-0002-3020-0500; Stuhl, Benjamin/0000-0003-0759-3323
FU AFOSR; ARO (MURI); DOE; NIST; NSF; NRC
FX We acknowledge funding support for this work from AFOSR and ARO (MURI),
DOE, NIST, and NSF. M. T. H. acknowledges support from the NRC. We thank
K. Cossel and F. Adler for technical help.
NR 37
TC 112
Z9 115
U1 4
U2 48
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0031-9007
J9 PHYS REV LETT
JI Phys. Rev. Lett.
PD APR 1
PY 2013
VL 110
IS 14
AR 143001
DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.110.143001
PG 5
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 118BR
UT WOS:000316997900002
PM 25166984
ER
PT J
AU Nogueira, RC
Keim, BD
Brown, DP
Robbins, KD
AF Nogueira, Ricardo C.
Keim, Barry D.
Brown, David P.
Robbins, Kevin D.
TI Variability of rainfall from tropical cyclones in the eastern USA and
its association to the AMO and ENSO
SO THEORETICAL AND APPLIED CLIMATOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID ATLANTIC BASIN HURRICANES; UNITED-STATES; EL-NINO; PRINCIPAL COMPONENTS;
CLIMATOLOGY; MEXICO; STORMS; REGIONALIZATION; PRECIPITATION;
OSCILLATIONS
AB Tropical cyclone (TC) rainfall along the eastern USA exhibits a high degree of variability with the potential to produce precipitation amounts in excess of 100 % of the annual mean at locations ranging from the immediate coastline to hundreds of kilometers inland. However, the spatiotemporal distribution of TC rainfall variability has not yet been fully characterized for this region, particularly with regard to large-scale climate teleconnections (e.g., El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and Atlantic multidecadal oscillation (AMO)). The objectives of this study are to (1) assess temporal variability and trends in TC rainfall since 1960, and (2) characterize the spatial variability of TC rainfall during varying AMO and ENSO regimes. Kendall tau-b analysis highlighted the presence of statistically significant positive trends in TC rainfall at a number of locations. Principal components analysis revealed that AMO exhibited significant linkages to TC rainfall in northern New England as well as along the US Gulf Coast, while ENSO was most strongly linked to TC variability in Texas. Results illustrate the varied nature of TC rainfall across the eastern USA and the complex linkages to large-scale climate mechanisms at interannual and decadal time scales.
C1 [Nogueira, Ricardo C.] Georgia State Univ, Dept Geosci, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA.
[Keim, Barry D.] Louisiana State Univ, Dept Geog & Anthropol, Louisiana Off State Climatol, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA.
[Brown, David P.] Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Natl Climat Data Ctr, Ft Worth, TX 76102 USA.
[Robbins, Kevin D.] Louisiana State Univ, Dept Geog & Anthropol, Southern Reg Climate Ctr, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA.
RP Nogueira, RC (reprint author), Georgia State Univ, Dept Geosci, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA.
EM ricnogue@lsu.edu; keim@lsu.edu; david.p.brown@noaa.gov;
krobbins@srcc.lsu.edu
NR 40
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 2
U2 33
PU SPRINGER WIEN
PI WIEN
PA SACHSENPLATZ 4-6, PO BOX 89, A-1201 WIEN, AUSTRIA
SN 0177-798X
J9 THEOR APPL CLIMATOL
JI Theor. Appl. Climatol.
PD APR
PY 2013
VL 112
IS 1-2
BP 273
EP 283
DI 10.1007/s00704-012-0722-y
PG 11
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 112EJ
UT WOS:000316574700020
ER
PT J
AU Herzing, AA
Anderson, IM
AF Herzing, A. A.
Anderson, I. M.
TI Robust elemental mapping of nanostructures at ultrahigh resolution using
event-streamed spectrum imaging in an aberration-corrected analytical
electron microscope
SO ULTRAMICROSCOPY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 13th Meeting on Frontiers of Electron Microscopy in Materials Science
(FEMMS)
CY SEP 18-23, 2011
CL Rohnert Park, CA
SP Natl Nucl Secur Adm, Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Pacific NW Natl Lab, Hysitron Inc, FEI Co, Sandia Natl Lab, Los Almos Natl Lab, Gatan, JEOL
DE XEDS; Spectrum imaging; STEM; Hyperspectral
AB We describe the application of X-ray energy dispersive spectroscopy (XEDS) event-streamed spectral imaging (ESSI) in an aberration-corrected analytical electron microscope (AEM) as a reliable method for the acquisition of ultra-high spatial resolution elemental maps. With the ESSI approach, the XEDS spectral image is acquired over multiple frames at rates typically reserved for imaging experiments. This approach differs significantly from that typically employed in the AEM, where spectrum image data is acquired serially (a pixel at a time) using per-pixel dwell times that are orders of magnitude larger.
The ESSI approach provides numerous advantages, most notably the ability to use the relatively strong transmitted electron image signals as a reference to spatially register the sparse XEDS data. State-of-the-art implementations of ESSI allow this registration to be performed "on-the-fly", such that drift correction is performed in real time. In addition, the electron dose imparted to the specimen is spread over time, meaning the instantaneous dose at a given point in the specimen is orders of magnitude lower than that imparted using serial spectral imaging. Thus, ESSI enables the high spatial resolution analysis of dose-rate-sensitive specimens. The application of this technique to several nanoscale systems is discussed, along with the potential for its use in combination with improved detector designs. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Herzing, A. A.; Anderson, I. M.] NIST, Mat Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Herzing, AA (reprint author), NIST, Mat Measurement Lab, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM andrew.herzing@nist.gov
NR 18
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 15
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0304-3991
J9 ULTRAMICROSCOPY
JI Ultramicroscopy
PD APR
PY 2013
VL 127
BP 85
EP 93
DI 10.1016/j.ultramic.2012.07.008
PG 9
WC Microscopy
SC Microscopy
GA 113IF
UT WOS:000316659100013
PM 22940529
ER
PT J
AU Rim, D
Persily, A
Emmerich, S
Dols, WS
Wallace, L
AF Rim, Donghyun
Persily, Andrew
Emmerich, Steven
Dols, W. Stuart
Wallace, Lance
TI Multi-zone modeling of size-resolved outdoor ultrafine particle entry
into a test house
SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Ultrafine particles; Indoor-outdoor relationship; Multi-zone modeling;
CONTAM
ID INDOOR ENVIRONMENTS; DEPOSITION RATES; DNA-DAMAGE; VENTILATION;
PENETRATION; NANOPARTICLES; INFILTRATION; BUILDINGS; BEHAVIOR; EXPOSURE
AB Airborne particle entry into buildings is important for human exposure to particles and associated health effects. The present study investigated the entry of size-resolved outdoor ultrafine particles into a test building under three different ventilation scenarios using a multi-zone airflow and contaminant transport model. Simulations of the entry of outdoor ultrafine particles into a residential test building were performed and validated with measurement data. The study results show that accurate particle deposition and penetration inputs are required to predict the time-varying particle concentrations in buildings. For closed-window conditions, both deposition and penetration have significant effects on modeling UFP transport, while deposition is more important than penetration for open-window conditions. As the window opening area increases, the filtering effect of the building envelope decreases and more outdoor particles enter the building through window openings. The study results also show that the indoor-outdoor (I-O) concentration ratio is a strong function of particle size and building operating conditions. The comparison between measurements and prediction suggests that a multi-zone particle transport model can provide insight into particle entry into buildings under various weather and building operating scenarios. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Rim, Donghyun; Persily, Andrew; Emmerich, Steven; Dols, W. Stuart; Wallace, Lance] NIST, Engn Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Rim, D (reprint author), NIST, Engn Lab, 100 Bur Dr,Bldg 226 Rm A311, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM mcdhrim@gmail.com
RI Wallace, Lance/K-7264-2013;
OI Wallace, Lance/0000-0002-6635-2303
NR 31
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 24
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 1352-2310
J9 ATMOS ENVIRON
JI Atmos. Environ.
PD APR
PY 2013
VL 69
BP 219
EP 230
DI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2012.12.008
PG 12
WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 103QB
UT WOS:000315932800023
ER
PT J
AU Wanninkhof, R
Park, GH
Takahashi, T
Feely, RA
Bullister, JL
Doney, SC
AF Wanninkhof, Rik
Park, Geun-Ha
Takahashi, Taro
Feely, Richard A.
Bullister, John L.
Doney, Scott C.
TI Changes in deep-water CO2 concentrations over the last several decades
determined from discrete pCO(2) measurements
SO DEEP-SEA RESEARCH PART I-OCEANOGRAPHIC RESEARCH PAPERS
LA English
DT Article
DE Ocean; Carbon dioxide; CO2 sink; Anthropogenic carbon; Deep-water
ID GOVERNING INTERANNUAL VARIABILITY; NORTH-ATLANTIC OCEAN; ANTHROPOGENIC
CO2; BOTTOM WATER; CARBON-DIOXIDE; SEA; SEAWATER; CLIMATE; STORAGE;
DISTRIBUTIONS
AB Detection and attribution of hydrographic and biogeochemical changes in the deep ocean are challenging due to the small magnitude of their signals and to limitations in the accuracy of available data. However, there are indications that anthropogenic and climate change signals are starting to manifest at depth. The deep ocean below 2000 m comprises about 50% of the total ocean volume, and changes in the deep ocean should be followed over time to accurately assess the partitioning of anthropogenic carbon dioxide (CO2) between the ocean, terrestrial biosphere, and atmosphere. Here we determine the changes in the interior deep-water inorganic carbon content by a novel means that uses the partial pressure of CO2 measured at 20 degrees C, pCO(2)(20), along three meridional transects in the Atlantic and Pacific oceans. These changes are measured on decadal time scales using observations from the World Ocean Circulation Experiment (WOCE)/World Hydrographic Program (WHP) of the 1980s and 1990s and the CLIVAR/CO2 Repeat Hydrography Program of the past decade. The pCO(2)(20) values show a consistent increase in deep water over the time period. Changes in total dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) content in the deep interior are not significant or consistent, as most of the signal is below the level of analytical uncertainty. Using an approximate relationship between pCO(2)(20) and DIC change, we infer DIC changes that are at the margin of detectability. However, when integrated on the basin scale, the increases range from 8-40% of the total specific water column changes over the past several decades. Patterns in chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), along with output from an ocean model, suggest that the changes in pCO(2)(20) and DIC are of anthropogenic origin. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Wanninkhof, Rik; Park, Geun-Ha] NOAA, Atlantic Oceanog & Meteorol Lab, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
[Park, Geun-Ha] Univ Miami, Cooperat Inst Marine & Atmospher Studies, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
[Takahashi, Taro] Columbia Univ, Lamont Doherty Earth Observ, Palisades, NY 10964 USA.
[Feely, Richard A.; Bullister, John L.] NOAA, Pacific Marine Environm Lab, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
[Doney, Scott C.] Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Marine Chem & Geochem Dept, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
RP Wanninkhof, R (reprint author), NOAA, Atlantic Oceanog & Meteorol Lab, 4301 Rickenbacker Cswy, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
EM rik.wanninkhof@noaa.gov
RI Doney, Scott/F-9247-2010
OI Doney, Scott/0000-0002-3683-2437
FU NOAA Office of Atmospheric and Oceanic Research; Climate Observation
Division; NOAA [NA07OAR4310098]; NSF
FX The ability to discern small changes in the deep ocean over decades is
testament to the care and dedication of the many seagoing analysts that
have performed the measurements and the personnel involved in quality
control and data management. David W. Chipman has provided significant
contributions to the development of shipboard measurements of
pCO2 used by the LDEO and AOML groups that are the
cornerstone of this work. We appreciate the substantive and detailed
comments of three reviewers that aided in improving the document. Ms.
Gail Derr of AOML is gratefully acknowledged for providing extensive
copy and style editing. We thank M. Long, K. Lindsay, and I. Lima for
helping with the generation and analysis of the CESM-1 ocean-ice model
results. Rik Wanninkhof, Geun-Ha Park, John L. Bullister, and Richard A.
Feely appreciate the support from the NOAA Office of Atmospheric and
Oceanic Research and the Climate Observation Division. S.C.D.
acknowledges support from NOAA Grant NA07OAR4310098. T.T. has been
supported by grants from NSF and NOAA. This is PMEL contribution 3847.
NR 56
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 58
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0967-0637
EI 1879-0119
J9 DEEP-SEA RES PT I
JI Deep-Sea Res. Part I-Oceanogr. Res. Pap.
PD APR
PY 2013
VL 74
BP 48
EP 63
DI 10.1016/j.dsr.2012.12.005
PG 16
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA 112FL
UT WOS:000316577800006
ER
PT J
AU Wilmer, CE
Farha, OK
Yildirim, T
Eryazici, I
Krungleviciute, V
Sarjeant, AA
Snurr, RQ
Hupp, JT
AF Wilmer, Christopher E.
Farha, Omar K.
Yildirim, Taner
Eryazici, Ibrahim
Krungleviciute, Vaiva
Sarjeant, Amy A.
Snurr, Randall Q.
Hupp, Joseph T.
TI Gram-scale, high-yield synthesis of a robust metal-organic framework for
storing methane and other gases
SO ENERGY & ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID CHARGE EQUILIBRATION; SURFACE-AREAS; STORAGE; DESIGN; ADSORPTION;
HYDROGEN; CAPACITIES; ROUTE
AB We have synthesized and characterized a new metal-organic framework (MOF) material, NU-125, that, in the single-crystal limit, achieves a methane storage density at 58 bar (840 psi) and 298 K corresponding to 86% of that obtained with compressed natural gas tanks (CNG) used in vehicles today, when the latter are pressurized to 248 bar (3600 psi). More importantly, the deliverable capacity (58 bar to 5.8 bar) for NU-125 is 67% of the deliverable capacity of a CNG tank that starts at 248 bar. (For crystalline granules or powders, particle packing inefficiencies will yield densities and deliverable capacities lower than 86% and 67% of high-pressure CNG.) This material was synthesized in high yield on a gram-scale in a single-batch synthesis. Methane adsorption isotherms were measured over a wide pressure range (0.1-58 bar) and repeated over twelve cycles on the same sample, which showed no detectable degradation. Adsorption of CO2 and H-2 over a broad range of pressures and temperatures are also reported and agree with our computational findings.
C1 [Wilmer, Christopher E.; Snurr, Randall Q.] Northwestern Univ, Dept Chem & Biol Engn, Evanston, IL 60208 USA.
[Farha, Omar K.; Eryazici, Ibrahim; Sarjeant, Amy A.; Hupp, Joseph T.] Northwestern Univ, Dept Chem, Evanston, IL 60208 USA.
[Farha, Omar K.; Eryazici, Ibrahim; Sarjeant, Amy A.; Hupp, Joseph T.] Northwestern Univ, Int Inst Nanotechnol, Evanston, IL 60208 USA.
[Yildirim, Taner; Krungleviciute, Vaiva] NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Yildirim, Taner; Krungleviciute, Vaiva] Univ Penn, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
RP Wilmer, CE (reprint author), Northwestern Univ, Dept Chem & Biol Engn, 2145 Sheridan Rd, Evanston, IL 60208 USA.
EM o-farha@northwestern.edu; taner@seas.upenn.edu; j-hupp@northwestern.edu
RI yildirim, taner/A-1290-2009; Hupp, Joseph/K-8844-2012; Snurr,
Randall/B-6699-2009
OI Hupp, Joseph/0000-0003-3982-9812;
FU U. S. Department of Energy through BES [DE-FG02-08ER46522]; U.S. Dept.
of Energy's Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy
[DE-FC36-08G018137]; Advanced Research Projects Agency-Energy (ARPA-E),
U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AR0000248]; Ryan Fellowship from the
Northwestern University International Institute for Nanotechnology
FX We thank Dr Brad G. Hauser for measuring the N2 isotherm. TY
and VK acknowledge partial support by the U. S. Department of Energy
through BES Grant no. DE-FG02-08ER46522. J.T.H. and R.Q.S. gratefully
acknowledge the U.S. Dept. of Energy's Office of Energy Efficiency and
Renewable Energy for initial financial support under DE-FC36-08G018137.
The information, data, or work presented herein was subsequently funded
in part by the Advanced Research Projects Agency-Energy (ARPA-E), U.S.
Department of Energy, under Award number DE-AR0000248. C.E.W. gratefully
acknowledges support from a Ryan Fellowship from the Northwestern
University International Institute for Nanotechnology. Computational
work was supported through the resources provided by Information
Technology at Northwestern University as part of its shared cluster
program, QUEST.
NR 34
TC 102
Z9 102
U1 8
U2 181
PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS,
ENGLAND
SN 1754-5692
J9 ENERG ENVIRON SCI
JI Energy Environ. Sci.
PD APR
PY 2013
VL 6
IS 4
BP 1158
EP 1163
DI 10.1039/c3ee24506c
PG 6
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical;
Environmental Sciences
SC Chemistry; Energy & Fuels; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 110TJ
UT WOS:000316468600011
ER
PT J
AU Avnery, S
Mauzerall, DL
Fiore, AM
AF Avnery, Shiri
Mauzerall, Denise L.
Fiore, Arlene M.
TI Increasing global agricultural production by reducing ozone damages via
methane emission controls and ozone-resistant cultivar selection
SO GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE agriculture; crop sensitivity to O3; cultivar selection; methane
mitigation; ozone impacts; surface ozone
ID CLIMATE-CHANGE; TROPOSPHERIC OZONE; SURFACE OZONE; CROP YIELD;
NORTH-AMERICAN; STOMATAL FLUX; AMBIENT OZONE; EXPOSURE; WHEAT;
VEGETATION
AB Meeting the projected 50% increase in global grain demand by 2030 without further environmental degradation poses a major challenge for agricultural production. Because surface ozone (O3) has a significant negative impact on crop yields, one way to increase future production is to reduce O3-induced agricultural losses. We present two strategies whereby O3 damage to crops may be reduced. We first examine the potential benefits of an O3 mitigation strategy motivated by climate change goals: gradual emission reductions of methane (CH4), an important greenhouse gas and tropospheric O3 precursor that has not yet been targeted for O3 pollution abatement. Our second strategy focuses on adapting crops to O3 exposure by selecting cultivars with demonstrated O3 resistance. We find that the CH4 reductions considered would increase global production of soybean, maize, and wheat by 23102Mt in 2030 the equivalent of a similar to 28% increase in year 2000 production worth $3.515billion worldwide (USD2000), increasing the cost effectiveness of this CH4 mitigation policy. Choosing crop varieties with O3 resistance (relative to median-sensitivity cultivars) could improve global agricultural production in 2030 by over 140Mt, the equivalent of a 12% increase in 2000 production worth similar to$22billion. Benefits are dominated by improvements for wheat in South Asia, where O3-induced crop losses would otherwise be severe. Combining the two strategies generates benefits that are less than fully additive, given the nature of O3 effects on crops. Our results demonstrate the significant potential to sustainably improve global agricultural production by decreasing O3-induced reductions in crop yields.
C1 [Avnery, Shiri; Mauzerall, Denise L.] Princeton Univ, Woodrow Wilson Sch Publ & Int Affairs, Program Sci Technol & Environm Policy, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
[Mauzerall, Denise L.] Princeton Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
[Fiore, Arlene M.] Princeton Univ, Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, NOAA, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA.
RP Mauzerall, DL (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Woodrow Wilson Sch Publ & Int Affairs, Program Sci Technol & Environm Policy, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
EM mauzeral@princeton.edu
RI Mauzerall, Denise/I-5977-2013
OI Mauzerall, Denise/0000-0003-3479-1798
FU NASA [NNX10A971H]
FX S. Avnery was supported by the NASA Earth and Space Science Fellowship
Program, Grant NNX10A971H. We are grateful to three anonymous reviewers,
whose comments and suggestions greatly improved the quality of this
manuscript.
NR 74
TC 20
Z9 20
U1 6
U2 92
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1354-1013
EI 1365-2486
J9 GLOBAL CHANGE BIOL
JI Glob. Change Biol.
PD APR
PY 2013
VL 19
IS 4
BP 1285
EP 1299
DI 10.1111/gcb.12118
PG 15
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 103FL
UT WOS:000315900800028
PM 23504903
ER
PT J
AU Blouzdis, CE
Ivan, LN
Pothoven, SA
Roswell, CR
Foley, CJ
Hook, TO
AF Blouzdis, C. E.
Ivan, L. N.
Pothoven, S. A.
Roswell, C. R.
Foley, C. J.
Hoeoek, T. O.
TI A trophic bottleneck?: The ecological role of trout-perch Percopsis
omiscomaycus in Saginaw Bay, Lake Huron
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED ICHTHYOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID YELLOW PERCH; NEOGOBIUS-MELANOSTOMUS; DREISSENA-POLYMORPHA; ZEBRA
MUSSEL; ROUND GOBY; LONG-TERM; FISH; RECRUITMENT; WALLEYE; SIZE
AB Trout-perch are abundant in many North American aquatic systems, but the ecological roles of trout-perch as predators, competitors and prey remain relatively understudied. To elucidate the ecological role of trout-perch in Saginaw Bay (Lake Huron, North America), the spatial and temporal diet composition was quantified and the frequency of occurrence of trout-perch in diets of piscivorous walleye and yellow perch was evaluated. From May through November 20092010, trout-perch and their potential predators and prey were collected monthly from five sites in Saginaw Bay using bottom-trawls. Trout-perch were abundant components of the Saginaw Bay fish community, and in 2009, represented 13.5% of fish collected in trawls, with only yellow perch (38%) and rainbow smelt (19.1%) being more common. Trout-perch primarily consumed Chironomidae (84.0% of diet biomass) and exhibited strong, positive selection for Chironomidae and Amphipoda, suggesting that their diet preferences overlap with the economically important yellow perch and juvenile walleye. Energy content of trout-perch averaged 4795Jg1 wet and was similar to yellow perch (4662Jg1 wet) and round goby (3740Jg1 wet). Thus, they may provide a comparable food source for larger piscivorous fish. However, despite their high energy density, abundance, and spatial overlap with other fish prey species, trout-perch were very rare in diets of piscivorous walleye and yellow perch in Saginaw Bay, indicating that trout-perch are a weak conduit of energy transfer to higher trophic levels.
C1 [Blouzdis, C. E.; Ivan, L. N.; Roswell, C. R.; Foley, C. J.; Hoeoek, T. O.] Purdue Univ, Dept Forestry & Nat Resources, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
[Pothoven, S. A.] NOAA, Great Lakes Environm Res Lab, Muskegon, MI USA.
[Foley, C. J.; Hoeoek, T. O.] Purdue Univ, Illinois Indiana Sea Grant, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
RP Ivan, LN (reprint author), Univ Michigan, CILER, 4840 S State St, Ann Arbor, MI 48108 USA.
EM lori.ivan@noaa.gov
OI Pothoven, Steven/0000-0002-7992-5422
FU National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's Center; Purdue
University
FX This project was funded by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration's Center for Sponsored Coastal and Ocean Research and
Purdue University's Discovery Park Undergraduate Research Program and
Summer Undergraduate Research Fellowships. We thank the crew of
NOAA-GLERL's research vessels. This is NOAA-GLERL contribution number
1634.
NR 45
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 2
U2 29
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0175-8659
EI 1439-0426
J9 J APPL ICHTHYOL
JI J. Appl. Ichthyol.
PD APR
PY 2013
VL 29
IS 2
BP 416
EP 424
DI 10.1111/jai.12023
PG 9
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 107NH
UT WOS:000316223900017
ER
PT J
AU Kang, YC
O'Brien, WJ
Dai, JK
Mulva, SP
Thomas, SP
Chapman, RE
Butry, D
AF Kang, Youngcheol
O'Brien, William J.
Dai, Jiukun
Mulva, Stephen P.
Thomas, Stephen P.
Chapman, Robert E.
Butry, David
TI Interaction Effects of Information Technologies and Best Practices on
Construction Project Performance
SO JOURNAL OF CONSTRUCTION ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Information technology; Best practice; Interaction effects;
Computer-aided projects management; Performance evaluation
ID FIRM PERFORMANCE; PRODUCTIVITY PARADOX; MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS; BUSINESS
VALUE; IMPLEMENTATION; CAPABILITIES; INTEGRATION; IMPACTS; DESIGN; MODEL
AB Building from considerable empirical research in the general business literature, this paper quantitatively explores the view that the benefits of information technologies manifest themselves through improvement in work processes. In turn, better work processes lead to increased project performance. Using an overall sample of 133 projects ( missing data make specific correlation sample sizes smaller) from the Construction Industry Institute Benchmarking and Metrics database, this paper analyzes correlations between technology use and integration, best practices, and project performance measured with cost, schedule, and rework metrics. Data are also used to assess the complementary interaction between technology use, work processes as measured by best practices, and performance. The findings show that there are limited significant beneficial correlations between information technology use and performance, slightly more significant beneficial correlations between best practice use and performance, and several significant correlations between information technology use and application of Best practices. Interaction effects of the combined use of information technologies and best practices against performance are assessed, finding several positive correlations, although limited data availability prevents robust statistical evaluation. Overall, the paper concludes there is evidence that the benefits of information technologies in construction are found through changes in work processes. This paper thus challenges more common approaches that attempt to directly correlate the impact of information technology use on project performance with corresponding implications for both academic and industrial attempts at assessment. DOI: 10.1061/(ASCE)CO.1943-7862.0000627. (C) 2013 American Society of Civil Engineers.
C1 [Kang, Youngcheol] Florida Int Univ, OHL Sch Construct, Miami, FL 33174 USA.
[O'Brien, William J.] Univ Texas Austin, Dept Civil Architectural & Environm Engn, Austin, TX 78712 USA.
[Dai, Jiukun; Mulva, Stephen P.; Thomas, Stephen P.] Univ Texas Austin, Construct Ind Inst, Austin, TX 78759 USA.
[Chapman, Robert E.; Butry, David] NIST, Appl Econ Off, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Kang, YC (reprint author), Florida Int Univ, OHL Sch Construct, 10555 West Flagler St,EC 2934, Miami, FL 33174 USA.
EM yckang@fiu.edu; wjob@mail.utexas.edu; jiukun.dai@cii.utexas.edu;
smulva@cii.utexas.edu; sthomas@cii.utexas.edu; robert.chapman@nist.gov;
david.butry@nist.gov
FU National Institute of Standards and Technology [SB1341-07-SE-0623]
FX The authors thank the National Institute of Standards and Technology who
partially supported this study under contract No. SB1341-07-SE-0623 and
the Construction Industry Institute which provided the data for
analysis.
NR 60
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 3
U2 56
PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS
PI RESTON
PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA
SN 0733-9364
EI 1943-7862
J9 J CONSTR ENG M
JI J. Constr. Eng. Manage.
PD APR
PY 2013
VL 139
IS 4
BP 361
EP 371
DI 10.1061/(ASCE)CO.1943-7862.0000627
PG 11
WC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering, Industrial;
Engineering, Civil
SC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering
GA 111WS
UT WOS:000316552800003
ER
PT J
AU Castellote, M
Leeney, RH
O'Corry-Crowe, G
Lauhakangas, R
Kovacs, KM
Lucey, W
Krasnova, V
Lydersen, C
Stafford, KM
Belikov, R
AF Castellote, Manuel
Leeney, Ruth H.
O'Corry-Crowe, Gregory
Lauhakangas, Rauno
Kovacs, Kit M.
Lucey, William
Krasnova, Vera
Lydersen, Christian
Stafford, Kathleen M.
Belikov, Roman
TI Monitoring white whales (Delphinapterus leucas) with echolocation
loggers
SO POLAR BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Beluga whales; Delphinapterus leucas; Echolocation loggers; Passive
acoustic monitoring; T-POD; C-POD
ID PORPOISES PHOCOENA-PHOCOENA; HARBOR PORPOISES; BELUGA WHALE; PREY
CAPTURE; MESOPLODON-DENSIROSTRIS; DISENCHANTMENT BAY; MARINE MAMMALS;
T-PODS; BEHAVIOR; PATTERNS
AB Monitoring programmes for white whales (Delphinapterus leucas) have been called for repeatedly in recent years because this species is likely to be negatively impacted by climate change, but also because such a broadly dispersed, high trophic feeder can serve as an effective ecosystem sentinel. Arctic ecosystems are difficult to monitor because of the extensive winter ice coverage and extreme environmental conditions in addition to low human population densities. However, passive acoustic monitoring has proved to be a reliable method to remotely survey the presence of some marine mammals in the Arctic. In this study, we evaluate the potential use of echolocation loggers (T-POD and C-POD, Chelonia Ltd.) for remote monitoring of white whales. Captive experiments and open water surveys in three arctic/subarctic habitats (ice-noise-dominated environment, ice-free environment and low-turbidity waters) were used to document detection performance and to explore the use of logger angle and inter-click interval data to look at activity patterns and tidal influences on space use. When acoustic results were compared to concurrent visual observations, echolocation detection was only attributed to periods of white whale presence near the recorder deployment sites. Both T-PODs and C-PODs effectively detected echolocation, even under noisy ice. Diel and tidal behavioural patterns were identified. Acoustically identified movement patterns between sites were visually confirmed. This study demonstrates the feasibility of monitoring white whales using echolocation loggers and describes some important features of their behaviour as examples of the potential application of this passive acoustic monitoring method in Arctic and subarctic regions.
C1 [Castellote, Manuel] Parques Reunidos Valencia SA LOceanog, Valencia 46013, Spain.
[Leeney, Ruth H.] Univ Exeter, Ctr Ecol & Evolut, Exeter TR10 9EZ, Cornwall, England.
[O'Corry-Crowe, Gregory] Florida Atlantic Univ, Harbor Branch Oceanog Inst, Boca Raton, FL 34946 USA.
[Lauhakangas, Rauno] Univ Helsinki, Helsinki Inst Phys, Helsinki, Finland.
[Kovacs, Kit M.; Lydersen, Christian] Norwegian Polar Res Inst, Fram Ctr, N-9296 Tromso, Norway.
[Lucey, William] City & Borough Yakutat, Yakutat, AK 99689 USA.
[Krasnova, Vera; Belikov, Roman] Russian Acad Sci, PP Shirshov Inst Oceanol, Moscow 117997, Russia.
[Stafford, Kathleen M.] Univ Washington, Appl Phys Lab, Seattle, WA 98105 USA.
RP Castellote, M (reprint author), NOAA, Natl Marine Mammal Lab, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, 7600 Sand Point Way NE, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
EM manuel.castellote@noaa.gov
FU ARCFAC Transnational Access Programme, EU FP6 grant [ARCFAC026129-49];
Norwegian Polar Institute; European Social Fund
FX We thank the Director of the Biology Department at L'Oceanografic of the
City of the Arts and Sciences of Valencia, Spain, Mr. Pablo Areitio, and
the Director of L'Oceanografic, Dr. Francisco Torner, for their support
in the coordination of this study. We also appreciate the enthusiasm of
The Marine Mammal Department and white whale staff from L'Oceanografic.
We thank the Protected Resources Division, Alaska Regional Office of the
National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS, Juneau, Alaska) for providing
funding for the research in Disenchantment Bay. Special thanks go to
Kaja Brix, Rod Hobbs, Barbara Mahoney and Brad Smith (all NMFS) for
their continued support in many aspects of the project in Alaska. Nick
Tregenza participated in Svalbard field work and provided useful
comments in an earlier version of this manuscript. We appreciate the
help provided by Sam Williams, Jeremiah Pavlik, Les Hartley, Doug
DeMaster and Shannon Atkinson in Disenchantment Bay field work. We also
acknowledge the assistance provided by the City and Borough of Yakutat,
the Yakutat Tlingit Tribe and the US Park Service. We thank the Saimaa
Seal Information Center and Juha Taskinen for providing field work
support in the White Sea. All research in Disenchantment Bay was
conducted under the National Marine Mammal Laboratory's (NMFS, NOAA)
Scientific Research Permit No. 782-1719. The work in Svalbard was funded
by an ARCFAC Transnational Access Programme, EU FP6 grant to RH Leeney
(ARCFAC026129-49), and was additionally supported by the Norwegian Polar
Institute. RH Leeney was funded by the European Social Fund.
NR 60
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 2
U2 58
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0722-4060
J9 POLAR BIOL
JI Polar Biol.
PD APR
PY 2013
VL 36
IS 4
BP 493
EP 509
DI 10.1007/s00300-012-1276-2
PG 17
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 108YF
UT WOS:000316331600003
ER
PT J
AU Nair, SS
Hurley, DC
Wang, SQ
Young, TM
AF Nair, Sandeep S.
Hurley, Donna C.
Wang, Siqun
Young, Timothy M.
TI Nanoscale characterization of interphase properties in maleated
polypropylene-treated natural fiber-reinforced polymer composites
SO POLYMER ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID FORCE ACOUSTIC MICROSCOPY; FINITE-ELEMENT-ANALYSIS;
MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; NANO-INDENTATION; EPOXY COMPOSITES; WOOD FIBER;
INTERFACES; NANOINDENTATION; POLYETHYLENE; ADHESION
AB Contact resonance force microscopy has been used to evaluate the effect of maleated polypropylene (MAPP) concentration on interphase thickness as well as the spatial distribution of mechanical properties within the interphase of cellulose fiber-reinforced polypropylene composites. The average interphase thickness values ranged from 25 nm to 104 nm for different concentrations of MAPP. The interphase region showed a gradient in the elastic modulus, with a gradual decrease in modulus from fiber to matrix. The interphase region in the specimen containing 0% MAPP showed a narrow interphase with steep gradient in modulus from fiber to matrix, whereas the use of MAPP significantly increased the interphase thickness which resulted in a more gradual change in modulus from fiber to matrix. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 2013. (c) Society of Plastics Engineers
C1 [Nair, Sandeep S.; Wang, Siqun; Young, Timothy M.] Univ Tennessee, Ctr Renewable Carbon, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
[Hurley, Donna C.] NIST, Div Mat Reliabil, Boulder, CO USA.
RP Wang, SQ (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Ctr Renewable Carbon, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
EM swang@utk.edu
RI Young, Timothy/D-9949-2011
OI Young, Timothy/0000-0001-9564-6506
FU National Research Initiative of the USDA Cooperative State Research,
Education, and Extension Service [2005-02645]; USDA Wood Utilization
Research Grant; Natural Science Foundation of China [30928022]
FX Contract grant sponsor: National Research Initiative of the USDA
Cooperative State Research, Education, and Extension Service; contract
grant number: #2005-02645; Contract grant sponsor: USDA Wood Utilization
Research Grant and Natural Science Foundation of China; contract grant
number: #30928022.
NR 41
TC 5
Z9 7
U1 2
U2 59
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0032-3888
J9 POLYM ENG SCI
JI Polym. Eng. Sci.
PD APR
PY 2013
VL 53
IS 4
BP 888
EP 896
DI 10.1002/pen.23330
PG 9
WC Engineering, Chemical; Polymer Science
SC Engineering; Polymer Science
GA 108GS
UT WOS:000316280900025
ER
PT J
AU van der Laan, DC
Noyes, PD
Miller, GE
Weijers, HW
Willering, GP
AF van der Laan, D. C.
Noyes, P. D.
Miller, G. E.
Weijers, H. W.
Willering, G. P.
TI Characterization of a high-temperature superconducting conductor on
round core cables in magnetic fields up to 20 T
SO SUPERCONDUCTOR SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
AB The next generation of high-field magnets that will operate at magnetic fields substantially above 20 T, or at temperatures substantially above 4.2 K, requires high-temperature superconductors (HTS). Conductor on round core (CORC) cables, in which RE-Ba2Cu3O7-delta (RE D rare earth) (REBCO) coated conductors are wound in a helical fashion on a flexible core, are a practical and versatile HTS cable option for low-inductance, high-field magnets. We performed the first tests of CORC magnet cables in liquid helium in magnetic fields of up to 20 T. A record critical current I-c of 5021 A was measured at 4.2 K and 19 T. In a cable with an outer diameter of 7.5 mm, this value corresponds to an engineering current density J(e) of 114 A mm(-2), the highest J(e) ever reported for a superconducting cable at such high magnetic fields. Additionally, the first magnet wound from an HTS cable was constructed from a 6 m-long CORC cable. The 12-turn, double-layer magnet had an inner diameter of 9 cm and was tested in a magnetic field of 20 T, at which it had an I-c of 1966 A. The cables were quenched repetitively without degradation during the measurements, demonstrating the feasibility of HTS CORC cables for use in high-field magnet applications.
C1 [van der Laan, D. C.] Adv Conductor Technol LLC, Boulder, CO 80301 USA.
[van der Laan, D. C.] Univ Colorado, Dept Phys, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[van der Laan, D. C.] NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Noyes, P. D.; Miller, G. E.; Weijers, H. W.] Natl High Magnet Field Lab, Tallahassee, FL 32310 USA.
[Willering, G. P.] CERN, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland.
RP van der Laan, DC (reprint author), Adv Conductor Technol LLC, Boulder, CO 80301 USA.
EM danko@advancedconductor.com
RI van der Laan, Danko/L-5098-2016
FU US Department of Energy [DE-AI05-98OR22652, DE-SC0007891, DE-SC0007660];
National Science Foundation [DMR-0654118]; State of Florida; US
Department of Energy
FX This work was in part supported by the US Department of Energy under
agreement numbers DE-AI05-98OR22652, DE-SC0007891, and DE-SC0007660. A
portion of this work was performed at the National High Magnetic Field
Laboratory, which is supported by National Science Foundation
Cooperative Agreement number DMR-0654118, the State of Florida, and the
US Department of Energy. Certain commercial materials are referred to in
this paper to foster better understanding. Such identification implies
neither recommendation nor endorsement by NIST, nor that the materials
identified are necessarily the best available for the purpose.
NR 21
TC 37
Z9 37
U1 2
U2 20
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0953-2048
J9 SUPERCOND SCI TECH
JI Supercond. Sci. Technol.
PD APR
PY 2013
VL 26
IS 4
AR 045005
DI 10.1088/0953-2048/26/4/045005
PG 9
WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 107VF
UT WOS:000316248200006
ER
PT J
AU O'Leary, DP
Rust, BW
AF O'Leary, Dianne P.
Rust, Bert W.
TI Variable projection for nonlinear least squares problems
SO COMPUTATIONAL OPTIMIZATION AND APPLICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE Data fitting; Model fitting; Variable projection method; Nonlinear least
squares problems; Jacobian approximation; Least squares approximation;
Statistical software; Mathematical software design and analysis
ID REGRESSION; ALGORITHM
AB The variable projection algorithm of Golub and Pereyra (SIAM J. Numer. Anal. 10:413-432, 1973) has proven to be quite valuable in the solution of nonlinear least squares problems in which a substantial number of the parameters are linear. Its advantages are efficiency and, more importantly, a better likelihood of finding a global minimizer rather than a local one. The purpose of our work is to provide a more robust implementation of this algorithm, include constraints on the parameters, more clearly identify key ingredients so that improvements can be made, compute the Jacobian matrix more accurately, and make future implementations in other languages easy.
C1 [O'Leary, Dianne P.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[O'Leary, Dianne P.] Univ Maryland, Dept Comp Sci, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[O'Leary, Dianne P.] Univ Maryland, Inst Adv Comp Studies, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Rust, Bert W.] NIST, Appl & Computat Math Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP O'Leary, DP (reprint author), NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM oleary@cs.umd.edu; bert.rust@nist.gov
FU National Science Foundation [NSF DMS 1016266]
FX Certain commercial software products are identified in this paper in
order to adequately specify the computational procedures. Such
identification does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the
National Institute of Standards and Technology nor does it imply that
the software products identified are necessarily the best available for
the purpose. Part of this work was supported by the National Science
Foundation under Grant NSF DMS 1016266.
NR 25
TC 14
Z9 15
U1 2
U2 14
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0926-6003
J9 COMPUT OPTIM APPL
JI Comput. Optim. Appl.
PD APR
PY 2013
VL 54
IS 3
BP 579
EP 593
DI 10.1007/s10589-012-9492-9
PG 15
WC Operations Research & Management Science; Mathematics, Applied
SC Operations Research & Management Science; Mathematics
GA 105NY
UT WOS:000316079700006
ER
PT J
AU Bocchini, PJ
Lass, EA
Moon, KW
Williams, ME
Campbell, CE
Kattner, UR
Dunand, DC
Seidman, DN
AF Bocchini, Peter J.
Lass, Eric A.
Moon, Kil-Won
Williams, Maureen E.
Campbell, Carelyn E.
Kattner, Ursula R.
Dunand, David C.
Seidman, David N.
TI Atom-probe tomographic study of gamma/gamma ' interfaces and
compositions in an aged Co-Al-W superalloy
SO SCRIPTA MATERIALIA
LA English
DT Article
DE Cobalt alloys; Superalloy; Atom-probe tomography; Intermetallic
compounds; Interfaces
ID COBALT-BASE ALLOYS; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; COMPOUND CO-3(AL,W); KINETIC
PATHWAYS; CR ALLOYS; PHASE; DEFORMATION; SEGREGATION; EVOLUTION; SINGLE
AB Atom-probe tomography (APT) is utilized to investigate, in a Co-9.7Al-10.8W at.% alloy aged at 900 degrees C for similar to 1000 h, the phase compositions and partitioning behavior of the two-phase gamma(face-centered cubic)/gamma'(L1(2)) microstructure. The APT composition of the gamma-matrix (Co-8.97Al-5.69W at.%) agrees well with a previously reported measurement made by energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy; however, the composition of the gamma'(L1(2)) precipitates (Co-10.03Al-12.48W at.%) is slightly richer in W and Al, and leaner in Co. Partitioning coefficients and Al interfacial excesses are also calculated. (c) 2012 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Bocchini, Peter J.; Dunand, David C.; Seidman, David N.] Northwestern Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Evanston, IL 60208 USA.
[Lass, Eric A.; Moon, Kil-Won; Williams, Maureen E.; Campbell, Carelyn E.; Kattner, Ursula R.; Dunand, David C.] NIST, Div Met, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Seidman, David N.] NUCAPT, Evanston, IL 60208 USA.
RP Bocchini, PJ (reprint author), Northwestern Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, 2226 Campus Dr, Evanston, IL 60208 USA.
EM pbocchin@gmail.com
RI Dunand, David/B-7515-2009; Seidman, David/B-6697-2009; Lass,
Eric/B-4586-2014;
OI Dunand, David/0000-0001-5476-7379
FU US Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences
[DE-FG02-98ER45721]; NASA Aeronautics Scholarship Program; NSF-MRI
Program [DMR 0420532]; ONR-DURIP Program [N00014-0400798]
FX This research was sponsored by the US Department of Energy, Office of
Basic Energy Sciences (Dr. John Vetrano, monitor) through Grant
DE-FG02-98ER45721. P.J.B. received partial support from the NASA
Aeronautics Scholarship Program. APT measurements were conducted at the
Northwestern University Center for Atom-Probe Tomography (NUCAPT). The
LEAP tomograph was purchased with funds from the NSF-MRI Program through
Grant DMR 0420532 (Dr. Charles Bouldin, monitor) and from the ONR-DURIP
Program through Grant N00014-0400798 (Dr. Julie Christodoulou, monitor).
The authors would like to thank Dr. D. Isheim for managing NUCAPT and
Drs. I. Blum and J. Saal for valuable discussions. We also gratefully
acknowledge the Initiative for Sustainability and Energy at Northwestern
(ISEN) for Grants to upgrade the capabilities of NUCAPT.
NR 25
TC 17
Z9 17
U1 3
U2 70
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 1359-6462
J9 SCRIPTA MATER
JI Scr. Mater.
PD APR
PY 2013
VL 68
IS 8
BP 563
EP 566
DI 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2012.11.035
PG 4
WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary;
Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy &
Metallurgical Engineering
GA 105CB
UT WOS:000316042100005
ER
PT J
AU Mulligan, T
Reinard, AA
Lynch, BJ
AF Mulligan, T.
Reinard, Alysha A.
Lynch, Benjamin J.
TI Advancing in situ modeling of ICMEs: New techniques for new observations
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
AB It is generally known that multispacecraft observations of interplanetary coronal mass ejections ( ICMEs) are more likely to reveal their three-dimensional structure than single-spacecraft observations. The launch of STEREO in October 2006 has greatly increased the number of multipoint ICME studies, but the field is still in its infancy. To date, many studies still use flux rope models that rely on single track observations through a vast, multifaceted structure, which oversimplifies the problem and hinders interpretation of the large-scale geometry. This oversimplification is especially problematic for multispacecraft ICME observations in which only one spacecraft observes a flux rope structure. To tackle these complex problems, we describe two new techniques and combine them to analyze two ICMEs observed at the twin STEREO spacecraft on 22-23 May 2007, when the spacecraft were separated by similar to 9 degrees. We find a combination of non-force-free flux rope multispacecraft modeling, together with a new non-flux rope ICME plasma flow deflection model, better constrains the large-scale structure of these ICMEs. We also introduce a new spatial mapping technique that allows us to put multispacecraft observations and the new ICME model results in context with the convecting solar wind. What is distinctly different about this analysis is that it reveals aspects of ICME geometry and dynamics in a far more visually intuitive way than previously accomplished. In the case of the 22-23 May ICMEs, the analysis facilitates a more physical understanding of ICME large-scale structure, the location and geometry of flux rope substructures within these ICMEs, and their dynamic interaction with the ambient solar wind.
C1 [Mulligan, T.] Aerosp Corp, Dept Space Sci, POB 92957, Los Angeles, CA 90009 USA.
[Reinard, Alysha A.] NOAA, Space Weather Predict Ctr, Boulder, CO USA.
[Lynch, Benjamin J.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Space Sci Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Mulligan, T (reprint author), Aerosp Corp, Dept Space Sci, POB 92957, Los Angeles, CA 90009 USA.
EM Tamitha.Mulligan@aero.org
RI Lynch, Benjamin/B-1300-2013;
OI Lynch, Benjamin/0000-0001-6886-855X
FU NASA SRT [NNX08AH54G]; AFOSR YIP [FA9550-11-1-0048]; NASA HTP
[NNX11AJ65G]; NASA [NAS5-03131, NAS5-00132]
FX T.M. and A.A.R. acknowledge support from NASA SR&T (NNX08AH54G). B.J.L.
acknowledges support of AFOSR YIP (FA9550-11-1-0048) and NASA HTP
(NNX11AJ65G). Support for the STEREO mission in situ data processing and
analysis was provided through NASA contracts to the IMPACT (NAS5-03131)
and PLASTIC (NAS5-00132) teams. The authors thank the ACE MAG, SWEPAM,
and SWICS teams for making their data available on the ACE Science
Center Web site (http://www.srl.caltech.edu/ACE/ASC/). T.M. also
acknowledges R.A. Leske for his invaluable discussions during the early
stages of this manuscript.
NR 60
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 1
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9380
EI 2169-9402
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE
JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys.
PD APR
PY 2013
VL 118
IS 4
DI 10.1002/jgra.50101
PG 18
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA V45BB
UT WOS:000209791000001
ER
PT J
AU Grachev, AA
Andreas, EL
Fairall, CW
Guest, PS
Persson, POG
AF Grachev, Andrey A.
Andreas, Edgar L.
Fairall, Christopher W.
Guest, Peter S.
Persson, P. Ola G.
TI The Critical Richardson Number and Limits of Applicability of Local
Similarity Theory in the Stable Boundary Layer
SO BOUNDARY-LAYER METEOROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Flux-profile relationships; Critical Richardson number; Monin-Obukhov
similarity theory; Nieuwstadt local scaling; Non-Kolmogorov turbulence;
Richardson-Kolmogorov cascade; SHEBA; Stable boundary layer; z-less
similarity
ID ATMOSPHERIC SURFACE-LAYER; FLUX-PROFILE RELATIONSHIPS; TURBULENCE
CLOSURE-MODEL; LARGE-EDDY SIMULATIONS; Z-LESS STRATIFICATION; LOW-LEVEL
JET; SEA-ICE; GRADIENT RELATIONSHIPS; STRONG STABILITY; SELF-CORRELATION
AB Measurements of atmospheric turbulence made over the Arctic pack ice during the Surface Heat Budget of the Arctic Ocean experiment (SHEBA) are used to determine the limits of applicability of Monin-Obukhov similarity theory (in the local scaling formulation) in the stable atmospheric boundary layer. Based on the spectral analysis of wind velocity and air temperature fluctuations, it is shown that, when both the gradient Richardson number, Ri, and the flux Richardson number, Rf, exceed a 'critical value' of about 0.20-0.25, the inertial subrange associated with the Richardson-Kolmogorov cascade dies out and vertical turbulent fluxes become small. Some small-scale turbulence survives even in this supercritical regime, but this is non-Kolmogorov turbulence, and it decays rapidly with further increasing stability. Similarity theory is based on the turbulent fluxes in the high-frequency part of the spectra that are associated with energy-containing/flux-carrying eddies. Spectral densities in this high-frequency band diminish as the Richardson-Kolmogorov energy cascade weakens; therefore, the applicability of local Monin-Obukhov similarity theory in stable conditions is limited by the inequalities Ri < Ri (cr) and Rf < Rf (cr). However, it is found that Rf (cr) = 0.20-0.25 is a primary threshold for applicability. Applying this prerequisite shows that the data follow classical Monin-Obukhov local z-less predictions after the irrelevant cases (turbulence without the Richardson-Kolmogorov cascade) have been filtered out.
C1 [Grachev, Andrey A.; Persson, P. Ola G.] Univ Colorado, NOAA, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Andreas, Edgar L.] NW Res Associates Inc, Lebanon, NH USA.
[Fairall, Christopher W.] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO USA.
[Guest, Peter S.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA USA.
RP Grachev, AA (reprint author), Univ Colorado, NOAA, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Earth Syst Res Lab, 325 Broadway,R PSD3, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM Andrey.Grachev@noaa.gov
OI GRACHEV, ANDREY/0000-0002-7143-0820
FU U.S. National Science Foundation's Office of Polar Programs; NSF [ARC
11-07428, ARC 10-19322]; U.S. Civilian Research & Development Foundation
(CRDF) [RUG1-2976-ST-10]
FX The U.S. National Science Foundation's Office of Polar Programs
supported our original SHEBA research. During the current work NSF also
supported AAG and POGP with award ARC 11-07428 and ELA with award ARC
10-19322. AAG also was supported by the U.S. Civilian Research &
Development Foundation (CRDF) with award RUG1-2976-ST-10.
NR 93
TC 45
Z9 45
U1 3
U2 54
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0006-8314
EI 1573-1472
J9 BOUND-LAY METEOROL
JI Bound.-Layer Meteor.
PD APR
PY 2013
VL 147
IS 1
BP 51
EP 82
DI 10.1007/s10546-012-9771-0
PG 32
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 098RX
UT WOS:000315567500004
ER
PT J
AU Boyar, J
Matthews, P
Peralta, R
AF Boyar, Joan
Matthews, Philip
Peralta, Rene
TI Logic Minimization Techniques with Applications to Cryptology
SO JOURNAL OF CRYPTOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Circuit complexity; Multiplicative complexity; Linear component
minimization; Shortest Linear Program; Cancellation; AES; S-box
ID MULTIPLICATIVE COMPLEXITY; S-BOX; AES; APPROXIMATION; ALGORITHM;
CIRCUIT; BASES
AB A new technique for combinational logic optimization is described. The technique is a two-step process. In the first step, the nonlinearity of a circuit-as measured by the number of nonlinear gates it contains-is reduced. The second step reduces the number of gates in the linear components of the already reduced circuit. The technique can be applied to arbitrary combinational logic problems, and often yields improvements even after optimization by standard methods has been performed. In this paper we show the results of our technique when applied to the S-box of the Advanced Encryption Standard (FIPS in Advanced Encryption Standard (AES), National Institute of Standards and Technology, 2001).
We also show that, in the second step, one is faced with an NP-hard problem, the Shortest Linear Program (SLP) problem, which is to minimize the number of linear operations necessary to compute a set of linear forms. In addition to showing that SLP is NP-hard, we show that a special case of the corresponding decision problem is Max SNP-complete, implying limits to its approximability.
Previous algorithms for minimizing the number of gates in linear components produced cancellation-free straight-line programs, i.e., programs in which there is no cancellation of variables in GF(2). We show that such algorithms have approximation ratios of at least 3/2 and therefore cannot be expected to yield optimal solutions to nontrivial inputs. The straight-line programs produced by our techniques are not always cancellation-free. We have experimentally verified that, for randomly chosen linear transformations, they are significantly smaller than the circuits produced by previous algorithms.
C1 [Boyar, Joan] Univ So Denmark, Dept Math & Comp Sci, Odense, Denmark.
[Boyar, Joan; Matthews, Philip] Aarhus Univ, Aarhus, Denmark.
[Peralta, Rene] NIST, Informat Technol Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Boyar, Joan] Univ Calif Irvine, Irvine, CA USA.
RP Boyar, J (reprint author), Univ So Denmark, Dept Math & Comp Sci, Odense, Denmark.
EM joan@imada.sdu.dk; rene.peralta@nist.gov
OI Boyar, Joan/0000-0002-0725-8341
FU Danish Council for Independent Research, Natural Sciences
FX Research of J. Boyar was partially supported by the Danish Council for
Independent Research, Natural Sciences.
NR 39
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 15
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0933-2790
EI 1432-1378
J9 J CRYPTOL
JI J. Cryptology
PD APR
PY 2013
VL 26
IS 2
BP 280
EP 312
DI 10.1007/s00145-012-9124-7
PG 33
WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical &
Electronic; Mathematics, Applied
SC Computer Science; Engineering; Mathematics
GA 097JM
UT WOS:000315469800005
ER
PT J
AU Lei, H
Wuebbles, DJ
Liang, XZ
Olsen, S
AF Lei, Hang
Wuebbles, Donald J.
Liang, Xin-Zhong
Olsen, Seth
TI Domestic versus international contributions on 2050 ozone air quality:
How much is convertible by regional control?
SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Air quality; Ozone; Climate change; Anthropogenic emission; Uncertainty
ID SURFACE OZONE; UNITED-STATES; INTERCONTINENTAL TRANSPORT; BACKGROUND
OZONE; NORTH-AMERICA; POLLUTION; CLIMATE; EMISSIONS; MODEL; PACIFIC
AB A global climate chemistry model CAM-Chem is driven by the meteorology output from community climate system model version 3 (CCSM3) to investigate the relative contributions of changes in local anthropogenic emissions (LE) versus changes in remote anthropogenic emissions (RE) to global surface ozone air quality in 2050. On major ozone pollution regions (Europe, the United States, Asia), the effects are examined following three distinct pathways, A1FI, A1B and B1, from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Special Report on Emissions Scenarios (SRES) to address the uncertainty in projections of future climate and emissions. We find that projected changes in anthropogenic emissions under the A1FI scenario lead to an increase of 5-14 ppb in summertime daily maximum 8-h (DM8H) ozone concentration over U.S. by 2050, of which 48% is contributed by LE changes and 52% is contributed by RE changes. For Europe, the change in local emissions contributes 62% of the surface ozone increase in 2050 summer, while 38% of the increase is attributed to remote emission change. For Asia, changes in LE dominate the 2050 surface ozone increase with a magnitude of 10-30 ppb on summertime DM8H ozone concentration. However, under the A1B and 81 scenarios, contributions from LE changes are much larger than that from RE changes over all three regions except Asia under the B1 scenario, in which the RE changes contribute 31% of total change. The results indicate that for the United States and Europe, pollution control is a local issue under global low emission situations, while it becomes an international issue when fossil fuel use is rapidly increasing. Due to the weak Euro-Asia transport, local emission increase seems to be the main force for Asia's ozone air quality change under all cases except the low emission scenario B1. Therefore, the strategies for regional air quality control need to be based on global emission situation. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Lei, Hang; Wuebbles, Donald J.; Olsen, Seth] Univ Illinois, Dept Atmospher Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
[Lei, Hang; Liang, Xin-Zhong] Univ Maryland, Earth Syst Sci Interdisciplinary Ctr, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Liang, Xin-Zhong] Univ Maryland, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
RP Lei, H (reprint author), NOAA, Air Resource Lab, College Pk, MD USA.
EM hang.lei@noaa.gov
OI Lei, Hang/0000-0002-9959-7454
FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Science [EPA RD-83337301]
FX This research was supported in part by the U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency Science to Achieve Results (STAR) Program under award number EPA
RD-83337301. The authors acknowledge DOE/NERSC and NCSA/UIUC for the
supercomputing support.
NR 53
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 3
U2 36
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 1352-2310
EI 1873-2844
J9 ATMOS ENVIRON
JI Atmos. Environ.
PD APR
PY 2013
VL 68
BP 315
EP 325
DI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2012.12.002
PG 11
WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 094CR
UT WOS:000315241100036
ER
PT J
AU Henry, ND
Fair, PA
AF Henry, Natasha D.
Fair, Patricia A.
TI Comparison of in vitro cytotoxicity, estrogenicity and
anti-estrogenicity of triclosan, perfluorooctane sulfonate and
perfluorooctanoic acid
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED TOXICOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE triclosan; PFOS; PFOA; ESCREEN; MCF-7 BOS cells; estrogenicity;
anti-estrogenicity
ID PERSONAL CARE PRODUCTS; BREAST-CANCER CELLS; E-SCREEN ASSAY;
PERFLUORINATED COMPOUNDS; AQUATIC ENVIRONMENT; SOUTH CHINA; HUMAN-MILK;
EXPOSURE; PROLIFERATION; TOXICITY
AB Concern with increasing levels of emerging contaminants exists on a global scale. Three commonly observed emerging environmental contaminants: triclosan (2,4,4-trichloro-2'-hydroxydiphenyl ether), a synthetic, broad-spectrum antibacterial agent, and perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) and perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), used in stain- and water-resistant treatments, have become distributed ubiquitously across ecosystems and have been detected in wildlife and humans. MCF-7 BOS human breast cancer cells were used to investigate the potential for cytotoxicity, estrogenicity and anti-estrogenicity of these three compounds at environmentally relevant concentrations using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium, inner salt assay (MTS) and the E-SCREEN bioassay. The doses used were 0.002200?mu g?ml-1 for triclosan and 0.0330?mu g?ml-1 for PFOS and PFOA. Quantitative results from the MTS assay revealed no significant cytotoxicity at lower concentrations for any of the test compounds; however, both triclosan and PFOA were cytotoxic at the highest concentrations examined (100200 and 30?mu g?ml-1, respectively), while PFOS showed no significant cytotoxicity at any of the concentrations tested. Positive estrogenic responses (P?0.05) were elicited from the E-SCREEN at all concentrations examined for triclosan and PFOA and at 30?mu g?ml-1 for PFOS. Further, significant anti-estrogenic activity (P?0.05) was detected for all compounds tested at all concentrations when cells were co-exposed with 10-9?m 17-beta estradiol (E2). The overall results demonstrated that triclosan, PFOS and PFOA have estrogenic activities and that co-exposure to contaminants and E2 produced anti-estrogenic effects. Each of these compounds could provide a source of xenoestrogens to humans and wildlife in the environment. Published 2011. This article is a US Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.
C1 [Henry, Natasha D.; Fair, Patricia A.] Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Natl Ocean Serv Ctr Coastal Environm Hlth & Biomo, Charleston, SC 29412 USA.
RP Henry, ND (reprint author), Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Natl Ocean Serv Ctr Coastal Environm Hlth & Biomo, 219 Ft Johnson Rd, Charleston, SC 29412 USA.
EM natasha.henry@noaa.gov
NR 66
TC 41
Z9 44
U1 8
U2 104
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0260-437X
J9 J APPL TOXICOL
JI J. Appl. Toxicol.
PD APR
PY 2013
VL 33
IS 4
BP 265
EP 272
DI 10.1002/jat.1736
PG 8
WC Toxicology
SC Toxicology
GA 080DB
UT WOS:000314220300003
PM 21935973
ER
PT J
AU Matta, ME
Orland, IJ
Ushikubo, T
Helser, TE
Black, BA
Valley, JW
AF Matta, Mary Elizabeth
Orland, Ian J.
Ushikubo, Takayuki
Helser, Thomas E.
Black, Bryan A.
Valley, John W.
TI Otolith oxygen isotopes measured by high-precision secondary ion mass
spectrometry reflect life history of a yellowfin sole (Limanda aspera)
SO RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY
LA English
DT Article
ID GROWTH-INCREMENT CHRONOLOGIES; CLIMATE-DRIVEN SYNCHRONY; EASTERN
BERING-SEA; NORTHEAST PACIFIC; ROCKFISH GROWTH; FISH OTOLITHS; WATER;
COD; DELTA-O-18; MICROPROBE
AB RATIONALE The oxygen isotope ratio (18O value) of aragonite fish otoliths is dependent on the temperature and the 18O value of the ambient water and can thus reflect the environmental history of a fish. Secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) offers a spatial-resolution advantage over conventional acid-digestion techniques for stable isotope analysis of otoliths, especially given their compact nature. METHODS High-precision otolith 18O analysis was conducted with an IMS-1280 ion microprobe to investigate the life history of a yellowfin sole (Limanda aspera), a Bering Sea species known to migrate ontogenetically. The otolith was cut transversely through its core and one half was roasted to eliminate organic contaminants. Values of 18O were measured in 10-mu m spots along three transects (two in the roasted half, one in the unroasted half) from the core toward the edge. Otolith annual growth zones were dated using the dendrochronology technique of crossdating. RESULTS Measured values of 18O ranged from 29.0 to 34.1 parts per thousand (relative to Vienna Standard Mean Ocean Water). Ontogenetic migration from shallow to deeper waters was reflected in generally increasing 18O values from age-0 to approximately age-7 and subsequent stabilization after the expected onset of maturity at age-7. Cyclical variations of 18O values within juvenile otolith growth zones, up to 3.9 parts per thousand in magnitude, were caused by a combination of seasonal changes in the temperature and the 18O value of the ambient water. CONCLUSIONS The ion microprobe produced a high-precision and high-resolution record of the relative environmental conditions experienced by a yellowfin sole that was consistent with population-level studies of ontogeny. Furthermore, this study represents the first time that crossdating has been used to ensure the dating accuracy of 18O measurements in otoliths. Copyright (c) 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
C1 [Matta, Mary Elizabeth; Helser, Thomas E.] NOAA, Resource Ecol & Fisheries Management Div, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
[Orland, Ian J.; Ushikubo, Takayuki; Valley, John W.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Geosci, WiscSIMS Lab, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[Black, Bryan A.] Univ Texas Austin, Marine Sci Inst, Port Aransas, TX 78373 USA.
RP Matta, ME (reprint author), NOAA, Resource Ecol & Fisheries Management Div, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, 7600 Sand Point Way NE, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
EM beth.matta@noaa.gov
RI Valley, John/B-3466-2011;
OI Valley, John/0000-0003-3530-2722; Matta, Mary/0000-0003-1677-8418
FU DOE [93ER14389]; NSF-EAR [0628719, 0838058, 0319230, 0744079, 1053466]
FX We thank Carla Stehr (retired, Northwest Fisheries Science Center, NOAA)
for otolith scanning electron microscopy, Brian Hess (UW-Madison) for
ion microprobe sample preparation, and Mike Spicuzza (UW-Madison) for
vacuum-roasting assistance. Craig Kastelle, Dan Nichol, and Tom
Wilderbuer (Alaska Fisheries Science Center, NOAA) and Michael Hoopmann
(Institute for Systems Biology) provided constructive reviews of earlier
versions of this manuscript. This research was supported by DOE
(93ER14389) and NSF-EAR (0628719, 0838058). WiscSIMS is partly supported
by NSF-EAR (0319230, 0744079, 1053466). The findings and conclusions in
the paper are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the
views of the National Marine Fisheries Service, NOAA.
NR 45
TC 3
Z9 4
U1 10
U2 75
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0951-4198
J9 RAPID COMMUN MASS SP
JI Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom.
PD MAR 30
PY 2013
VL 27
IS 6
BP 691
EP 699
DI 10.1002/rcm.6502
PG 9
WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical; Spectroscopy
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry; Spectroscopy
GA 092GX
UT WOS:000315109100004
PM 23418148
ER
PT J
AU Creamean, JM
Suski, KJ
Rosenfeld, D
Cazorla, A
DeMott, PJ
Sullivan, RC
White, AB
Ralph, FM
Minnis, P
Comstock, JM
Tomlinson, JM
Prather, KA
AF Creamean, Jessie M.
Suski, Kaitlyn J.
Rosenfeld, Daniel
Cazorla, Alberto
DeMott, Paul J.
Sullivan, Ryan C.
White, Allen B.
Ralph, F. Martin
Minnis, Patrick
Comstock, Jennifer M.
Tomlinson, Jason M.
Prather, Kimberly A.
TI Dust and Biological Aerosols from the Sahara and Asia Influence
Precipitation in the Western U.S.
SO SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID ATMOSPHERIC ICE NUCLEI; OROGRAPHIC ENHANCEMENT; AIR-POLLUTION; LIQUID
WATER; MIXED-PHASE; CLOUD; PARTICLES; CLIMATE; SPECTROMETER; SUPPRESSION
AB Winter storms in California's Sierra Nevada increase seasonal snowpack and provide critical water resources and hydropower for the state. Thus, the mechanisms influencing precipitation in this region have been the subject of research for decades. Previous studies suggest Asian dust enhances cloud ice and precipitation, whereas few studies consider biological aerosols as an important global source of ice nuclei (IN). Here, we show that dust and biological aerosols transported from as far as the Sahara were present in glaciated high-altitude clouds coincident with elevated IN concentrations and ice-induced precipitation. This study presents the first direct cloud and precipitation measurements showing that Saharan and Asian dust and biological aerosols probably serve as IN and play an important role in orographic precipitation processes over the western United States.
C1 [Creamean, Jessie M.; Suski, Kaitlyn J.; Cazorla, Alberto; Prather, Kimberly A.] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Chem & Biochem, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
[Rosenfeld, Daniel] Hebrew Univ Jerusalem, Inst Earth Sci, IL-91904 Jerusalem, Israel.
[DeMott, Paul J.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Atmospher Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Sullivan, Ryan C.] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Ctr Atmospher Particle Studies, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA.
[White, Allen B.; Ralph, F. Martin] NOAA, PSD, ESRL, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Ralph, F. Martin; Prather, Kimberly A.] Univ Calif San Diego, SIO, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
[Minnis, Patrick] NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA 23681 USA.
[Comstock, Jennifer M.; Tomlinson, Jason M.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Atmospher Sci & Global Change Div, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RP Prather, KA (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Chem & Biochem, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
EM kprather@ucsd.edu
RI Sullivan, Ryan/B-4674-2008; DeMott, Paul/C-4389-2011; Tomlinson,
Jason/C-6566-2009; Rosenfeld, Daniel/F-6077-2016; Minnis,
Patrick/G-1902-2010;
OI Sullivan, Ryan/0000-0003-0701-7158; DeMott, Paul/0000-0002-3719-1889;
Rosenfeld, Daniel/0000-0002-0784-7656; Minnis,
Patrick/0000-0002-4733-6148; Creamean, Jessie/0000-0003-3819-5600
FU California Energy Commission [CEC 500-09-043]; Atmospheric System
Research (ASR)/U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) program; ASR/DOE program
[DE-SC0000991/003]; NASA MAPS Program
FX Funding was provided by the California Energy Commission under contract
CEC 500-09-043. D. R. was funded under the Atmospheric System Research
(ASR)/U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) program. P. M. was supported by
the ASR/DOE program under DE-SC0000991/003 and the NASA MAPS Program. J.
Mayer, E. Fitzgerald, D. Collins, and J. Cahill provided assistance with
UCSD/SIO equipment setup. The authors gratefully acknowledge the NOAA
Air Resources Laboratory (ARL) for the provision of the HYSPLIT
transport and dispersion model and READY website
(www.arl.noaa.gov/ready.php) used in this publication and the Office of
Naval Research for provision of NAAPS data. J. Ayers and R. Palikonda
(Science Systems and Applications) provided GOES-11 cloud top heights
used for HYSPLIT back trajectory analysis and %Ice in cloud. The
deployment of the NOAA and UCSD/SIO equipment at the Sugar Pine site
involved many field staff, particularly C. King (NOAA/ESRL/PSD). The
deployment of the DOE Gulfstream-1 involved many PNNL/Atmospheric
Radiation Measurement field staff, particularly E. Dukes, J. Hubbe, C.
Kluzek, H. Jonsson, M. Pekour, and B. Schmid. M. Hubbell and B. Svancara
flew the G-1 for the CalWater flight campaign. D. Collins and R.
Spackman provided insightful discussions during the editing stages of
this manuscript. T. Lersch of R. J. Lee provided TEM analyses of
collected IN. Data available in this paper are available in the
supplementary materials.
NR 44
TC 140
Z9 142
U1 15
U2 250
PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA
SN 0036-8075
J9 SCIENCE
JI Science
PD MAR 29
PY 2013
VL 339
IS 6127
BP 1572
EP 1578
DI 10.1126/science.1227279
PG 7
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 114HL
UT WOS:000316731600040
PM 23449996
ER
PT J
AU Anderson, BT
Perez, RC
Karspeck, A
AF Anderson, Bruce T.
Perez, Renellys C.
Karspeck, Alicia
TI Triggering of El Nino onset through trade wind-induced charging of the
equatorial Pacific
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID SEASONAL FOOTPRINTING MECHANISM; SEA-SURFACE TEMPERATURES; NORTH
PACIFIC; SOUTHERN OSCILLATION; TROPICAL VARIABILITY; CLIMATE-CHANGE;
OCEAN; ENSO; MODEL
AB Sea surface temperature variations over the equatorial Pacific associated with the El Nino/Southern Oscillation (ENSO) produce changes in climates across the globe. Here we report evidence from observationally constrained ocean data for the initiation of warm ENSO events (El Ninos) resulting from subsurface equatorial Pacific heat content increases related to tropical/extratropical sea level pressure (SLP) changes over the North Pacific. We hypothesize that the increase in heat content is a response to SLP-generated variations in the North Pacific trade winds, which we term trade wind charging of the equatorial Pacific. Experiments using a high-resolution numerical ocean model verify that the charging of subsurface heat content along the equatorial Pacific can be induced by SLP-generated trade wind variations. Furthermore, analysis of the numerical model results and historical observations indicates that the trade wind-induced ocean heat content increases are sufficiently large to initiate the onset of El Nino events, which mature approximately 12 months after the trade wind forcing itself.
C1 [Anderson, Bruce T.] Boston Univ, Dept Earth & Environm, Boston, MA 02215 USA.
[Perez, Renellys C.] Univ Miami, Cooperat Inst Marine & Atmospher Studies, NOAA, Atlantic Oceanog & Meteorol Lab, Miami, FL USA.
[Karspeck, Alicia] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80307 USA.
RP Anderson, BT (reprint author), Boston Univ, Dept Earth & Environm, 675 Commonwealth Ave, Boston, MA 02215 USA.
EM brucea@bu.edu
RI Perez, Renellys/D-1976-2012
OI Perez, Renellys/0000-0002-4401-3853
FU Department of Energy [DE-SC0004975]; NOAA/Atlantic Oceanographic and
Meteorological Laboratory; Cooperative Institute of Marine and
Atmospheric Studies at the University of Miami; National Center for
Atmospheric Research; NSF
FX This work was supported by the Department of Energy (DE-SC0004975 to
B.T.A.). R.C.P. was supported by the NOAA/Atlantic Oceanographic and
Meteorological Laboratory and the Cooperative Institute of Marine and
Atmospheric Studies at the University of Miami. A. K. was supported by
National Center for Atmospheric Research, which is sponsored by NSF. We
also extend our thanks to Ekaterina Oleinik at Boston University's
Scientific Computing and Visualization group for all her work in
designing and producing the accompanying animations.
NR 38
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 1
U2 13
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD MAR 28
PY 2013
VL 40
IS 6
BP 1212
EP 1216
DI 10.1002/grl.50200
PG 5
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 148AY
UT WOS:000319215700035
ER
PT J
AU Zhang, CD
Gottschalck, J
Maloney, ED
Moncrieff, MW
Vitart, F
Waliser, DE
Wang, B
Wheeler, MC
AF Zhang, Chidong
Gottschalck, Jon
Maloney, Eric D.
Moncrieff, Mitchell W.
Vitart, Frederic
Waliser, Duane E.
Wang, Bin
Wheeler, Matthew C.
TI Cracking the MJO nut
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID MADDEN-JULIAN OSCILLATION; TROPICAL INTRASEASONAL OSCILLATION; ORGANIZED
CONVECTIVE SYSTEMS; GENERAL-CIRCULATION MODELS; CLOUD-RESOLVING MODEL;
SIMULATION DIAGNOSTICS; EQUATORIAL WAVES; WESTERN PACIFIC; FORECAST
SKILL; CLIMATE MODELS
AB The Madden-Julian oscillation poses great challenges to our understanding and prediction of tropical convection and the large-scale circulation. Several internationally coordinated activities were recently formed to meet the challenges from the perspectives of numerical simulations, prediction, diagnostics, and virtual and actual field campaigns. This article provides a brief description of these activities and their connections, with the motivation in part to encourage the next generation of physical scientists to help solve the grand challenging problem of the Madden-Julian oscillation.
C1 [Zhang, Chidong] Univ Miami, Miami, FL USA.
[Gottschalck, Jon] NOAA NCEP CPC, College Pk, MD USA.
[Maloney, Eric D.] Colorado State Univ, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Moncrieff, Mitchell W.] NCAR, Boulder, CO USA.
[Vitart, Frederic] ECMWF, Reading, Berks, England.
[Waliser, Duane E.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA USA.
[Wang, Bin] Univ Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
[Wheeler, Matthew C.] CAWCR, Melbourne, Vic, Australia.
RP Zhang, CD (reprint author), 4600 Rickenbacker Causeway, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
EM czhang@rsmas.miami.edu
RI Wheeler, Matthew/C-9038-2011; Maloney, Eric/A-9327-2008
OI Wheeler, Matthew/0000-0002-9769-1973; Maloney, Eric/0000-0002-2660-2611
FU NSF; NOAA; DOE; ONR; NASA; Bureau of Meteorology; CSIRO; National
Science Foundation
FX The authors thank George Kiladis for his constructive comments on an
earlier version of the manuscript. The writing of this article was
supported by grants and contracts from NSF, NOAA, DOE, ONR, and NASA.
DW's contribution was carried out on behalf of the Jet Propulsion
Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under a contract with
NASA. The Centre for Australian Weather and Climate Research is a
partnership between the Bureau of Meteorology and CSIRO. The National
Center for Atmospheric Research is sponsored by the National Science
Foundation.
NR 75
TC 63
Z9 64
U1 2
U2 30
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD MAR 28
PY 2013
VL 40
IS 6
BP 1223
EP 1230
DI 10.1002/grl.50244
PG 8
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 148AY
UT WOS:000319215700037
ER
PT J
AU Wang, JH
Hock, T
Cohn, SA
Martin, C
Potts, N
Reale, T
Sun, BM
Tilley, F
AF Wang, Junhong
Hock, Terry
Cohn, Stephen A.
Martin, Charlie
Potts, Nick
Reale, Tony
Sun, Bomin
Tilley, Frank
TI Unprecedented upper-air dropsonde observations over Antarctica from the
2010 Concordiasi Experiment: Validation of satellite-retrieved
temperature profiles
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID PRODUCTS; PROJECT
AB The 2010 Concordiasi field experiment took place over Antarctica from September to December 2010. During Concordiasi, for the first time, 13 National Center for Atmospheric Research Driftsonde systems were launched from McMurdo station, ascended to the stratosphere, and then drifted with the winds. The Driftsonde provides a unique platform to release dropsondes that measure the atmosphere from the lower stratosphere to the surface in otherwise difficult to reach parts of the globe. A total of 639 soundings were obtained and provided unprecedented high quality profiles over Antarctica. The sounding temperature profiles are compared with matched profiles from ten satellite products. All satellite products except The Constellation Observing System for Meteorology, Ionosphere, and Climate (COSMIC) are consistent colder than the sounding data, with larger discrepancies over the Antarctic continent than the coast and ocean. The COSMIC data are in agreement with the sounding data and display no degradation over the continent.
C1 [Wang, Junhong] SUNY Albany, Dept Atmospher & Environm Sci, Albany, NY 12222 USA.
[Wang, Junhong; Hock, Terry; Cohn, Stephen A.; Martin, Charlie; Potts, Nick] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80307 USA.
[Reale, Tony] NOAA NESDIS, Camp Springs, MD USA.
[Sun, Bomin; Tilley, Frank] IM Syst Grp, Camp Springs, MD USA.
RP Wang, JH (reprint author), Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, POB 3000, Boulder, CO 80307 USA.
EM junhong@ucar.edu
RI Reale, Tony/F-5621-2010; Sun, Bomin/P-8742-2014
OI Reale, Tony/0000-0003-2150-5246; Sun, Bomin/0000-0002-4872-9349
FU NSF; CNES; Concordiasi Driftsonde [ANT-0733007]; National Science
Foundation
FX The Concordiasi driftsonde data have been obtained through cooperation
between UCAR and CNES, under the sponsorship of the NSF and the CNES.
NSF Office of Polar Program supported the Concordiasi Driftsonde
deployment through the grant ANT-0733007. We are grateful to all
NCAR/EOL and French CNAS staff that developed Driftsonde system, and all
of people who participated in Concordiasi to deploy and operate the
system and collect the data. We also would like to thank Florence Rabier
and other Concordiasi principle investigators for leading the project.
Comments from Jordan Powers and Bill Brown have been very helpful. The
National Center for Atmospheric Research is sponsored by the National
Science Foundation.
NR 22
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 1
U2 12
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD MAR 28
PY 2013
VL 40
IS 6
BP 1231
EP 1236
DI 10.1002/grl.50246
PG 6
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 148AY
UT WOS:000319215700038
ER
PT J
AU Mao, JQ
Horowitz, LW
Naik, V
Fan, SM
Liu, JF
Fiore, AM
AF Mao, Jingqiu
Horowitz, Larry W.
Naik, Vaishali
Fan, Songmiao
Liu, Junfeng
Fiore, Arlene M.
TI Sensitivity of tropospheric oxidants to biomass burning emissions:
implications for radiative forcing
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID GLOBAL-MODEL; AEROSOLS; OZONE; OH; CHEMISTRY; FIRES; PHOTOCHEMISTRY;
VARIABILITY; PHOTOLYSIS; WILDFIRES
AB Biomass burning is one of the largest sources of trace gases and aerosols to the atmosphere and has profound influence on tropospheric oxidants and radiative forcing. Using a fully coupled chemistry-climate model (GFDL AM3), we find that co-emission of trace gases and aerosol from present-day biomass burning increases the global tropospheric ozone burden by 5.1% and decreases global mean OH by 6.3%. Gas and aerosol emissions combine to increase CH4 lifetime nonlinearly. Heterogeneous processes are shown to contribute partly to the observed lower Delta O-3/Delta CO ratios in northern high latitudes versus tropical regions. The radiative forcing from biomass burning is shown to vary nonlinearly with biomass burning strength. At present-day emission levels, biomass burning produces a net radiative forcing of 0.19 W/m(2) ( 0.29 from short-lived species, mostly aerosol direct and indirect effects, +0.10 from CH4- and CH4-induced changes in O-3 and stratospheric H2O) but increases emissions to over 5 times present levels would result in a positive net forcing.
C1 [Mao, Jingqiu] Princeton Univ, Program Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Princeton, NJ 08542 USA.
[Mao, Jingqiu; Horowitz, Larry W.; Fan, Songmiao] NOAA, Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, Princeton, NJ USA.
[Naik, Vaishali] NOAA, UCAR NOAA Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, Princeton, NJ USA.
[Liu, Junfeng] Peking Univ, Coll Urban & Environm Sci, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China.
[Fiore, Arlene M.] Columbia Univ, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, Palisades, NY USA.
[Fiore, Arlene M.] Columbia Univ, Lamont Doherty Earth Observ, Palisades, NY USA.
RP Mao, JQ (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Program Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Princeton, NJ 08542 USA.
EM Jingqiu.Mao@noaa.gov
RI Mao, Jingqiu/F-2511-2010; Horowitz, Larry/D-8048-2014; Naik,
Vaishali/A-4938-2013
OI Mao, Jingqiu/0000-0002-4774-9751; Horowitz, Larry/0000-0002-5886-3314;
Naik, Vaishali/0000-0002-2254-1700
NR 39
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 2
U2 35
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
EI 1944-8007
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD MAR 28
PY 2013
VL 40
IS 6
BP 1241
EP 1246
DI 10.1002/grl.50210
PG 6
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 148AY
UT WOS:000319215700040
ER
PT J
AU Shavit, A
Douglas, JF
Riggleman, RA
AF Shavit, Amit
Douglas, Jack F.
Riggleman, Robert A.
TI Evolution of collective motion in a model glass-forming liquid during
physical aging
SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID LINEAR POLYMER MELTS; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; GROWING LENGTH; SYSTEMS;
CREEP; EQUILIBRATION; DEFORMATION; SIMULATIONS; SCALE; TIME
AB At temperatures moderately below their glass transition temperature, the properties of many glass-forming materials can evolve slowly with time in a process known as physical aging whereby the thermodynamic, mechanical, and dynamic properties all drift towards their equilibrium values. In this work, we study the evolution of the thermodynamic and dynamic properties during physical aging for a model polymer glass. Specifically, we test the relationship between an estimate of the size of the cooperative rearrangements taking the form of strings and the effective structural relaxation time predicted by the Adam-Gibbs relationship for both an equilibrium supercooled liquid and the same fluid undergoing physical aging towards equilibrium after a series of temperature jumps. We find that there is apparently a close correlation between a structural feature of the fluid, the size of the string-like rearrangements, and the structural relaxation time, although the relationship for the aging fluid appears to be distinct from that of the fluid at equilibrium. (C) 2013 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4775781]
C1 [Shavit, Amit; Riggleman, Robert A.] Univ Penn, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
[Douglas, Jack F.] NIST, Mat Sci & Engn Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Shavit, A (reprint author), Univ Penn, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
EM jack.douglas@nist.gov; rrig@seas.upenn.edu
FU University of Pennsylvania's Laboratory for Research on the Structure of
Matter (LRSM); National Science Foundation MRSEC [NSF DMR-1120901]; NIH
[1 R01 Eb006398-01A1]
FX A.S. and R. A. R. are both grateful for support from the University of
Pennsylvania's Laboratory for Research on the Structure of Matter
(LRSM), which is supported by National Science Foundation MRSEC program
through NSF DMR-1120901. J.F.D. acknowledges support of this work under
the NIH grant (Grant No. 1 R01 Eb006398-01A1).
NR 40
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 3
U2 33
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-9606
J9 J CHEM PHYS
JI J. Chem. Phys.
PD MAR 28
PY 2013
VL 138
IS 12
AR 12A528
DI 10.1063/1.4775781
PG 6
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 117QZ
UT WOS:000316969500030
PM 23556779
ER
PT J
AU Starr, FW
Douglas, JF
Sastry, S
AF Starr, Francis W.
Douglas, Jack F.
Sastry, Srikanth
TI The relationship of dynamical heterogeneity to the Adam-Gibbs and random
first-order transition theories of glass formation
SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID POTENTIAL-ENERGY LANDSCAPE; LENNARD-JONES LIQUID; SUPERCOOLED LIQUIDS;
FORMING LIQUIDS; CONFIGURATIONAL ENTROPY; STRUCTURAL RELAXATION;
MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; GROWING LENGTH; PURE LIQUIDS; MONTE-CARLO
AB We carefully examine common measures of dynamical heterogeneity for a model polymer melt and test how these scales compare with those hypothesized by the Adam and Gibbs (AG) and random first-order transition (RFOT) theories of relaxation in glass-forming liquids. To this end, we first analyze clusters of highly mobile particles, the string-like collective motion of these mobile particles, and clusters of relative low mobility. We show that the time scale of the high-mobility clusters and strings is associated with a diffusive time scale, while the low-mobility particles' time scale relates to a structural relaxation time. The difference of the characteristic times for the high-and low-mobility particles naturally explains the well-known decoupling of diffusion and structural relaxation time scales. Despite the inherent difference of dynamics between high-and low-mobility particles, we find a high degree of similarity in the geometrical structure of these particle clusters. In particular, we show that the fractal dimensions of these clusters are consistent with those of swollen branched polymers or branched polymers with screened excluded-volume interactions, corresponding to lattice animals and percolation clusters, respectively. In contrast, the fractal dimension of the strings crosses over from that of self-avoiding walks for small strings, to simple random walks for longer, more strongly interacting, strings, corresponding to flexible polymers with screened excluded-volume interactions. We examine the appropriateness of identifying the size scales of either mobile particle clusters or strings with the size of cooperatively rearranging regions (CRR) in the AG and RFOT theories. We find that the string size appears to be the most consistent measure of CRR for both the AG and RFOT models. Identifying strings or clusters with the "mosaic" length of the RFOT model relaxes the conventional assumption that the "entropic droplets" are compact. We also confirm the validity of the entropy formulation of the AG theory, constraining the exponent values of the RFOT theory. This constraint, together with the analysis of size scales, enables us to estimate the characteristic exponents of RFOT. (C) 2013 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4790138]
C1 [Starr, Francis W.] Wesleyan Univ, Dept Phys, Middletown, CT 06459 USA.
[Douglas, Jack F.] NIST, Mat Sci & Engn Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Sastry, Srikanth] Tata Inst Fundamental Res, TIFR Ctr Interdisciplinary Sci, Hyderabad 500075, Andhra Pradesh, India.
[Sastry, Srikanth] Jawaharlal Nehru Ctr Adv Sci Res, Bangalore 560064, Karnataka, India.
RP Starr, FW (reprint author), Wesleyan Univ, Dept Phys, Middletown, CT 06459 USA.
RI Starr, Francis/C-7703-2012
FU National Institutes of Health (NIH) [1 R01 EB006398-01A1]; National
Science Foundation (NSF) [CNS-0959856]; ACS-PRF [51983-ND7]
FX J.F.D. acknowledges support from National Institutes of Health (NIH)
Grant No. 1 R01 EB006398-01A1. F. W. S. acknowledges support from
National Science Foundation (NSF) Grant No. CNS-0959856 and ACS-PRF
Grant No. 51983-ND7.
NR 90
TC 64
Z9 64
U1 3
U2 68
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-9606
J9 J CHEM PHYS
JI J. Chem. Phys.
PD MAR 28
PY 2013
VL 138
IS 12
AR 12A541
DI 10.1063/1.4790138
PG 18
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 117QZ
UT WOS:000316969500043
PM 23556792
ER
PT J
AU Zhang, H
Khalkhali, M
Liu, QX
Douglas, JF
AF Zhang, Hao
Khalkhali, Mohammad
Liu, Qingxia
Douglas, Jack F.
TI String-like cooperative motion in homogeneous melting
SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID GLASS-FORMING LIQUIDS; DENSITY-OF-STATES; SPATIALLY HETEROGENEOUS
DYNAMICS; MICROSCOPIC PARTICLE MOTIONS; QUASI-2D DUSTY PLASMAS;
MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; BOSON PEAK; GRAIN-BOUNDARIES; STRUCTURAL RELAXATION;
SUPERCOOLED LIQUIDS
AB Despite the fundamental nature and practical importance of melting, there is still no generally accepted theory of this ubiquitous phenomenon. Even the earliest simulations of melting of hard discs by Alder and Wainwright indicated the active role of collective atomic motion in melting and here we utilize molecular dynamics simulation to determine whether these correlated motions are similar to those found in recent studies of glass-forming (GF) liquids and other condensed, strongly interacting, particle systems. We indeed find string-like collective atomic motion in our simulations of "superheated" Ni crystals, but other observations indicate significant differences from GF liquids. For example, we observe neither stretched exponential structural relaxation, nor any decoupling phenomenon, while we do find a boson peak, findings that have strong implications for understanding the physical origin of these universal properties of GF liquids. Our simulations also provide a novel view of "homogeneous" melting in which a small concentration of interstitial defects exerts a powerful effect on the crystal stability through their initiation and propagation of collective atomic motion. These relatively rare point defects are found to propagate down the strings like solitons, driving the collective motion. Crystal integrity remains preserved when the permutational atomic motions take the form of ring-like atomic exchanges, but a topological transition occurs at higher temperatures where the rings open to form linear chains similar in geometrical form and length distribution to the strings of GF liquids. The local symmetry breaking effect of the open strings apparently destabilizes the local lattice structure and precipitates crystal melting. The crystal defects are thus not static entities under dynamic conditions, such as elevated temperatures or material loading, but rather are active agents exhibiting a rich nonlinear dynamics that is not addressed in conventional "static" defect melting models. (C) 2013 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4769267]
C1 [Zhang, Hao; Khalkhali, Mohammad; Liu, Qingxia] Univ Alberta, Dept Chem & Mat Engn, Edmonton, AB T6G 2V4, Canada.
[Douglas, Jack F.] NIST, Mat Sci & Engn Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Zhang, H (reprint author), Univ Alberta, Dept Chem & Mat Engn, Edmonton, AB T6G 2V4, Canada.
EM hao.zhang@ualberta.ca; jack.douglas@nist.gov
RI Zhang, Hao/A-3272-2008; Liu, Qingxia/N-2557-2014
OI Liu, Qingxia/0000-0002-2576-4838
FU Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, through the
CRD program; National Institutes of Health (NIH) [1 R01 EB006398-01A1]
FX H.Z., M. K., and Q. X. L. gratefully acknowledges the support of the
Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, through the
CRD program and J.F.D. acknowledges support of this work under the
National Institutes of Health (NIH) (Grant No. 1 R01 EB006398-01A1).
NR 161
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U1 0
U2 56
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-9606
EI 1089-7690
J9 J CHEM PHYS
JI J. Chem. Phys.
PD MAR 28
PY 2013
VL 138
IS 12
AR 12A538
DI 10.1063/1.4769267
PG 16
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 117QZ
UT WOS:000316969500040
PM 23556789
ER
PT J
AU Baasandorj, M
Fleming, EL
Jackman, CH
Burkholder, JB
AF Baasandorj, Munkhbayar
Fleming, Eric L.
Jackman, Charles H.
Burkholder, James B.
TI O(D-1) Kinetic Study of Key Ozone Depleting Substances and Greenhouse
Gases
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A
LA English
DT Article
ID RATE COEFFICIENTS; ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY; OH; HALOCARBONS; LIFETIMES
AB A key stratospheric loss process for ozone depleting substances (ODSs) and greenhouse gases (GHGs) is reaction with the O(D-1) atom. In this study, rate coefficients, k, for the O(D-1) atom reaction were measured for the following key halocarbons: chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) CFCl3 (CFC-11), CF2Cl2 (CFC-12), CFCl2 center dot CF2Cl (CFC-113), CF2ClCF2Cl (CFC-114), CF3CF2Cl (CFC-115); hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs) CHF2Cl (HCFC-22), CH3CClF2 (HCFC-142b); and hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) CHF3 (HFC-23), CHF2CF3 (HFC-125), CH3CF3 (HFC-143a), and CF3CHFCF3 (HFC-227ea). Total rate coefficients, k(T), corresponding to the loss of the O(D-1) atom, were measured over the temperature range 217-373 K using a competitive reactive technique. k(T) values for the CFC and HCFC reactions were >1 x 10(-10) cm(3) molecule(-1) s(-1), except for CFC-115, and the rate coefficients for the HFCs were in the range (0.095-0.72) x 10(-10) cm(3) molecule(-1) s(-1). Rate coefficients for the CFC-12, CFC-114, CFC-115, HFC-23, HFC-125, HFC-143a, and HFC-227ea reactions were observed to have a weak negative temperature dependence, E/R approximate to -25 K. Reactive rate coefficients, k(R), corresponding to the loss of the halocarbon, were measured for CFC-11, CFC-115, HCFC-22, HCFC-142b, HFC-23, HFC-125, HFC-143a, and HFC-227ea using a relative rate technique. The reactive branching ratio obtained was dependent on the composition of the halocarbon and the trend in O(D-1) reactivity with the extent of hydrogen and chlorine substitution is discussed. The present results are critically compared with previously reported kinetic data and the discrepancies are discussed. 2D atmospheric model calculations were used to evaluate the local and global annually averaged atmospheric lifetimes of the halocarbons and the contribution of O(D-1) chemistry to their atmospheric loss. The O(D-1) reaction was found to be a major global loss process for CFC-114 and CFC-115 and a secondary global loss process for the other molecules included in this study.
C1 [Baasandorj, Munkhbayar; Burkholder, James B.] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Div Chem Sci, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Baasandorj, Munkhbayar] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Fleming, Eric L.; Jackman, Charles H.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Fleming, Eric L.] Sci Syst & Applicat Inc, Lanham, MD 20706 USA.
RP Burkholder, JB (reprint author), NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Div Chem Sci, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM James.B.Burkholder@noaa.gov
RI Burkholder, James/H-4914-2013; Jackman, Charles/D-4699-2012; Manager,
CSD Publications/B-2789-2015
FU NOAA's Climate Goal Program; NASA's Atmospheric Composition: Laboratory
Studies and Modeling and Analysis Program
FX This work was supported in part by NOAA's Climate Goal and NASA's
Atmospheric Composition: Laboratory Studies and Modeling and Analysis
Programs.
NR 20
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 3
U2 26
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1089-5639
J9 J PHYS CHEM A
JI J. Phys. Chem. A
PD MAR 28
PY 2013
VL 117
IS 12
BP 2434
EP 2445
DI 10.1021/jp312781c
PG 12
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 118NO
UT WOS:000317032400004
PM 23441917
ER
PT J
AU Halpern, BS
Gaines, SD
Kleisner, K
Longo, C
Pauly, D
Rosenberg, A
Samhouri, JF
Zeller, D
AF Halpern, Benjamin S.
Gaines, Steven D.
Kleisner, Kristin
Longo, Catherine
Pauly, Daniel
Rosenberg, AndrewA.
Samhouri, Jameal F.
Zeller, Dirk
TI Is the ocean food provision index biased? reply
SO NATURE
LA English
DT Letter
C1 [Halpern, Benjamin S.; Longo, Catherine] Natl Ctr Ecol Anal & Synth, Santa Barbara, CA 93101 USA.
[Halpern, Benjamin S.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Ctr Marine Assessment & Planning, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
[Gaines, Steven D.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Bren Sch Environm Sci & Management, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
[Kleisner, Kristin; Pauly, Daniel; Zeller, Dirk] Univ British Columbia, Fisheries Ctr, Sea Around Us Project, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.
[Rosenberg, AndrewA.] Union Concerned Scientists, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Samhouri, Jameal F.] NOAA, Conservat Biol Div, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
RP Halpern, BS (reprint author), Natl Ctr Ecol Anal & Synth, 735 State St,Suite 300, Santa Barbara, CA 93101 USA.
EM halpern@nceas.ucsb.edu
NR 3
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 3
U2 21
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 0028-0836
EI 1476-4687
J9 NATURE
JI Nature
PD MAR 28
PY 2013
VL 495
IS 7442
BP E7
EP E7
DI 10.1038/nature11975
PG 1
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 113QN
UT WOS:000316682800002
ER
PT J
AU Charlton-Perez, AJ
Baldwin, MP
Birner, T
Black, RX
Butler, AH
Calvo, N
Davis, NA
Gerber, EP
Gillett, N
Hardiman, S
Kim, J
Kruger, K
Lee, YY
Manzini, E
McDaniel, BA
Polvani, L
Reichler, T
Shaw, TA
Sigmond, M
Son, SW
Toohey, M
Wilcox, L
Yoden, S
Christiansen, B
Lott, F
Shindell, D
Yukimoto, S
Watanabe, S
AF Charlton-Perez, Andrew J.
Baldwin, Mark P.
Birner, Thomas
Black, Robert X.
Butler, Amy H.
Calvo, Natalia
Davis, Nicholas A.
Gerber, Edwin P.
Gillett, Nathan
Hardiman, Steven
Kim, Junsu
Krueger, Kirstin
Lee, Yun-Young
Manzini, Elisa
McDaniel, Brent A.
Polvani, Lorenzo
Reichler, Thomas
Shaw, Tiffany A.
Sigmond, Michael
Son, Seok-Woo
Toohey, Matthew
Wilcox, Laura
Yoden, Shigeo
Christiansen, Bo
Lott, Franois
Shindell, Drew
Yukimoto, Seiji
Watanabe, Shingo
TI On the lack of stratospheric dynamical variability in low-top versions
of the CMIP5 models
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
LA English
DT Article
ID TEMPERATURE TRENDS; CLIMATE-CHANGE; PART I; WINTER; CIRCULATION; OZONE;
CONFIGURATION; SIMULATIONS; IMPACT; WELL
AB We describe the main differences in simulations of stratospheric climate and variability by models within the fifth Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5) that have a model top above the stratopause and relatively fine stratospheric vertical resolution (high-top), and those that have a model top below the stratopause (low-top). Although the simulation of mean stratospheric climate by the two model ensembles is similar, the low-top model ensemble has very weak stratospheric variability on daily and interannual time scales. The frequency of major sudden stratospheric warming events is strongly underestimated by the low-top models with less than half the frequency of events observed in the reanalysis data and high-top models. The lack of stratospheric variability in the low-top models affects their stratosphere-troposphere coupling, resulting in short-lived anomalies in the Northern Annular Mode, which do not produce long-lasting tropospheric impacts, as seen in observations. The lack of stratospheric variability, however, does not appear to have any impact on the ability of the low-top models to reproduce past stratospheric temperature trends. We find little improvement in the simulation of decadal variability for the high-top models compared to the low-top, which is likely related to the fact that neither ensemble produces a realistic dynamical response to volcanic eruptions. Citation: Charlton-Perez, A. J., et al. (2013), On the lack of stratospheric dynamical variability in low-top versions of the CMIP5 models, J. Geophys. Res. Atmos., 118, 2494-2505, doi:10.1002/jgrd.50125.
C1 [Charlton-Perez, Andrew J.] Univ Reading, Dept Meteorol, Reading, Berks, England.
[Baldwin, Mark P.] Univ Exeter, Coll Engn Math & Phys Sci, Exeter, Devon, England.
[Birner, Thomas; Davis, Nicholas A.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Atmospher Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Black, Robert X.; Lee, Yun-Young] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Earth & Atmospher Sci, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
[Butler, Amy H.] Climate Predict Ctr, College Pk, MD USA.
[Calvo, Natalia] Univ Complutense Madrid, Dept Fis Tierra 2, Madrid, Spain.
[Gerber, Edwin P.] NYU, New York, NY USA.
[Gillett, Nathan] Canadian Ctr Climate Modelling & Anal, Victoria, BC, Canada.
[Hardiman, Steven] Met Off, Exeter, Devon, England.
[Kim, Junsu; Reichler, Thomas] Univ Utah, Dept Atmospher Sci, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA.
[Manzini, Elisa] Max Planck Inst Meteorol, D-20146 Hamburg, Germany.
[McDaniel, Brent A.] Kennesaw State Univ, Dept Biol & Phys, Kennesaw, GA USA.
[Polvani, Lorenzo; Shaw, Tiffany A.] Columbia Univ, Dept Appl Math & Appl Phys, New York, NY USA.
[Sigmond, Michael] Univ Toronto, Dept Phys, Toronto, ON, Canada.
[Son, Seok-Woo] Seoul Natl Univ, Sch Earth & Environm Sci, Seoul 151, South Korea.
[Krueger, Kirstin; Toohey, Matthew] GEOMAR Helmholtz Ctr Ocean Res Kiel, Kiel, Germany.
[Wilcox, Laura] Univ Reading, Natl Ctr Atmospher Sci, Reading, Berks, England.
[Yoden, Shigeo] Kyoto Univ, Kyoto, Japan.
[Christiansen, Bo] Danish Meteorol Inst, Copenhagen, Denmark.
[Lott, Franois] Ecole Normale Super, Lab Meteorol Dynam, F-75231 Paris, France.
[Shindell, Drew] NASA, Goddard Inst Space Studies, New York, NY 10025 USA.
[Yukimoto, Seiji] Met Res Inst, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
[Watanabe, Shingo] JAMSTEC, Res Inst Global Change, Tokyo, Japan.
RP Charlton-Perez, AJ (reprint author), Univ Reading, Dept Meteorol, Reading, Berks, England.
EM a.j.charlton@reading.ac.uk
RI Sigmond, Michael /K-3169-2012; Wilcox, Laura/F-3394-2013; Toohey,
Matthew/G-3129-2010; Butler, Amy/K-6190-2012; Birner,
Thomas/A-2108-2008; Shindell, Drew/D-4636-2012; Son, Seok-Woo
/A-8797-2013; YODEN, SHIGEO/P-9065-2014; Black, Robert/L-8522-2014;
Watanabe, Shingo/L-9689-2014;
OI Christiansen, Bo/0000-0003-2792-4724; Charlton-Perez,
Andrew/0000-0001-8179-6220; Sigmond, Michael /0000-0003-2191-9756;
Wilcox, Laura/0000-0001-5691-1493; Toohey, Matthew/0000-0002-7070-405X;
Butler, Amy/0000-0002-3632-0925; Birner, Thomas/0000-0002-2966-3428;
Watanabe, Shingo/0000-0002-2228-0088; CALVO FERNANDEZ,
NATALIA/0000-0001-6213-1864
FU National Centre for Atmospheric Science [CMIP5]; NSF under the US CLIVAR
program; NSF under Office of Polar Program; U.S. National Science
Foundation; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Biological and
Environmental Research [DE-FOA000024]; National Science Foundation
[ARC-1107384]; Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (MCINN)
[CGL2008-05968-C02-01]; National Science Foundation; BMBF [01LP1130B];
Joint DECC/Defra Met Office Hadley Centre Climate Programme [GA01101];
European Commission [226520]
FX We acknowledge the World Climate Research Programme's Working Group on
Coupled Modelling, which is responsible for CMIP, and we thank the
climate modeling groups for producing and making available the model
output listed in Table 1. For CMIP the U.S. Department of Energy's
Program for Climate Model Diagnosis and Intercomparison provides
coordinating support and led development of software infrastructure in
partnership with the Global Organization for Earth System Science
Portals. A. J. C.-P. and L. J. W. were supported by an National Centre
for Atmospheric Science CMIP5 grant. M. P. B. was funded by NSF under
the US CLIVAR program and the Office of Polar Programs. T. B. and N. A.
D. acknowledge support by the U.S. National Science Foundation. The
research efforts of R. X. B., B. A. M. & Y.-Y. L. were conducted under
support by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Biological and
Environmental Research, Award No. DE-FOA000024 and by the National
Science Foundation Grant, ARC-1107384. N. C. was supported by the
Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (MCINN) through the
CGL2008-05968-C02-01 project. E. P. G. was supported by the National
Science Foundation. The work of M. T. and K. K. contributes to the BMBF
joint research project MiKlip within the project ALARM through the grant
01LP1130B. The work of S. C. H. was supported by the Joint DECC/Defra
Met Office Hadley Centre Climate Programme (GA01101). We also
acknowledge the European Commission's 7th Framework Programme, under
Grant Agreement number 226520, COMBINE project which supplied some data
not available from the CMIP5 archive. We also thank Gerard Devine
(NCAS-CMS) for help with accessing and parsing meta-data information
from the models.
NR 40
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U1 2
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PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-897X
EI 2169-8996
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.
PD MAR 27
PY 2013
VL 118
IS 6
BP 2494
EP 2505
DI 10.1002/jgrd.50125
PG 12
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 129MB
UT WOS:000317843200003
ER
PT J
AU Lott, FC
Stott, PA
Mitchell, DM
Christidis, N
Gillett, NP
Haimberger, L
Perlwitz, J
Thorne, PW
AF Lott, F. C.
Stott, P. A.
Mitchell, D. M.
Christidis, N.
Gillett, N. P.
Haimberger, L.
Perlwitz, J.
Thorne, P. W.
TI Models versus radiosondes in the free atmosphere: A new detection and
attribution analysis of temperature
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
LA English
DT Article
ID CLIMATE-CHANGE; REANALYSIS; ERA
AB This analysis revisits detection and attribution of free atmosphere temperatures from radiosondes, almost a decade after previous studies. Since that time, data sets have not only become longer, but understanding of observational uncertainty has vastly improved. In addition, a coordinated set of experiments exploring the effects of human and natural forcings on past climate change has been made with a new generation of climate models. These advances allow a much more thorough analysis of the effects of modeling and observational uncertainty on attribution results than previously possible. Observational uncertainty is explored using multiple radiosonde reconstructions including those with ensembles of realizations exploring the effects of processing choices. Modeling uncertainty is explored by calculating multiple fingerprints of natural influence (from changes in solar irradiance and volcanic aerosols) and of human influence (due to greenhouse gases and due to the effects of combined anthropogenic forcings including stratospheric ozone depletion). With increased confidence over previous studies, human influences (both greenhouse gas and other anthropogenic forcings) have been detected in spatiotemporal changes in free atmosphere temperature from 1961 to 2010, irrespective of whether the full atmospheric column (30-850 hPa) is examined or purely the troposphere, with stratospheric ozone depletion dominating the cooling that has been observed in the lower stratosphere. Thus the advances of the last decade yield increased confidence that anthropogenic influences have made a substantial contribution to the evolution of free atmosphere temperatures. Citation: Lott, F. C., P. A. Stott, D. M. Mitchell, N. Christidis, N. P. Gillett, L. Haimberger, J. Perlwitz, and P. W. Thorne (2013), Models versus radiosondes in the free atmosphere: A new detection and attribution analysis of temperature, J. Geophys. Res. Atmos., 118, 2609-2619, doi:10.1002/jgrd.50255.
C1 [Lott, F. C.; Stott, P. A.; Christidis, N.] Met Off Hadley Ctr, Exeter EX1 3BP, Devon, England.
[Mitchell, D. M.] Univ Oxford, Dept Atmospher Ocean & Planetary Phys, Oxford, England.
[Gillett, N. P.] Environm Canada, Canadian Ctr Climate Modelling & Anal, Victoria, BC, Canada.
[Haimberger, L.] Univ Vienna, Dept Meteorol & Geophys, Vienna, Austria.
[Perlwitz, J.] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Perlwitz, J.] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Div Phys Sci, Boulder, CO USA.
[Thorne, P. W.] NCSU, Cooperat Inst Climate & Satellites, Asheville, NC USA.
[Thorne, P. W.] NOAA, Natl Climat Data Ctr, Asheville, NC USA.
RP Lott, FC (reprint author), Met Off Hadley Ctr, Fitzroy Rd, Exeter EX1 3BP, Devon, England.
EM fraser.lott@metoffice.gov.uk
RI Perlwitz, Judith/B-7201-2008; Thorne, Peter/F-2225-2014; Stott,
Peter/N-1228-2016;
OI Perlwitz, Judith/0000-0003-4061-2442; Thorne, Peter/0000-0003-0485-9798;
Stott, Peter/0000-0003-4853-7686; Mitchell, Daniel/0000-0002-0117-3486
FU Joint DECC/Defra Met Office Hadley Centre Climate Programme [GA01101]
FX The authors would like to thank Myles R Allen and Nathan L Bindoff for
discussing the development of figures contained within this paper and
Lesley J Gray for help with figures, wording and advice on solar
effects. Special thanks go to Gareth S Jones for advising on data
processing techniques, explained variance, multimodel analysis, and a
number of other attribution-related issues. The World Climate Research
Programme's Working Group on Coupled Modelling is responsible for CMIP.
The climate modeling groups (listed in Table 1) produced and made
available their model output. The authors owe gratitude to all the
above. For CMIP the U. S. Department of Energy's Program for Climate
Model Diagnosis and Intercomparison provides coordinating support and
led development of software infrastructure in partnership with the
Global Organization for Earth System Science Portals. This work was
supported by the Joint DECC/Defra Met Office Hadley Centre Climate
Programme (GA01101).
NR 40
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U1 0
U2 24
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-897X
EI 2169-8996
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.
PD MAR 27
PY 2013
VL 118
IS 6
BP 2609
EP 2619
DI 10.1002/jgrd.50255
PG 11
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 129MB
UT WOS:000317843200012
ER
PT J
AU Eliasson, S
Holl, G
Buehler, SA
Kuhn, T
Stengel, M
Iturbide-Sanchez, F
Johnston, M
AF Eliasson, S.
Holl, G.
Buehler, S. A.
Kuhn, T.
Stengel, M.
Iturbide-Sanchez, F.
Johnston, M.
TI Systematic and random errors between collocated satellite ice water path
observations
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
LA English
DT Article
ID MICROWAVE SOUNDING UNIT; AVHRR CLOUD DETECTION; DYNAMIC THRESHOLDS;
RETRIEVAL METHODS; PART I; MISSION; MODIS; CLIMATE; CIRRUS; RADIUS
AB There remains large disagreement between ice-water path (IWP) in observational data sets, largely because the sensors observe different parts of the ice particle size distribution. A detailed comparison of retrieved IWP from satellite observations in the Tropics (+/- 30 degrees latitude) in 2007 was made using collocated measurements. The radio detection and ranging(radar)/light detection and ranging (lidar) (DARDAR) IWP data set, based on combined radar/lidar measurements, is used as a reference because it provides arguably the best estimate of the total column IWP. For each data set, usable IWP dynamic ranges are inferred from this comparison. IWP retrievals based on solar reflectance measurements, in the moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer (MODIS), advanced very high resolution radiometer-based Climate Monitoring Satellite Applications Facility (CMSAF), and Pathfinder Atmospheres-Extended (PATMOS-x) datasets, were found to be correlated with DARDAR over a large IWP range (similar to 20-7000 g m(-2)). The random errors of the collocated data sets have a close to lognormal distribution, and the combined random error of MODIS and DARDAR is less than a factor of 2, which also sets the upper limit forMODIS alone. In the same way, the upper limit for the random error of all considered data sets is determined. Data sets based on passive microwave measurements, microwave surface and precipitation products system (MSPPS), microwave integrated retrieval system (MiRS), and collocated microwave only (CMO), are largely correlated with DARDAR for IWP values larger than approximately 700 g m-2. The combined uncertainty between these data sets and DARDAR in this range is slightly less MODIS-DARDAR, but the systematic bias is nearly an order of magnitude. Citation: Eliasson, S., G. Holl, S. A. Buehler, T. Kuhn, M. Stengel, F. Iturbide-Sanchez, and M. Johnston (2013), Systematic and random errors between collocated satellite ice water path observations, J. Geophys. Res. Atmos., 118, 2629-2642, doi:10.1029/2012JD018381.
C1 [Eliasson, S.; Holl, G.; Buehler, S. A.; Kuhn, T.] Lulea Univ Technol, Div Space Technol, Dept Comp Sci Elect & Space Engn, Kiruna, Sweden.
[Stengel, M.] Deutsch Wetterdienst, Satellite Applicat Facil Climate Monitoring, Offenbach, Germany.
[Iturbide-Sanchez, F.] IM Syst Grp Inc, Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Natl Environm Satellite Data & Informat Serv, Ctr Satellite Applicat & Res, Camp Springs, MD USA.
[Johnston, M.] Chalmers, Dept Earth & Space Sci, S-41296 Gothenburg, Sweden.
RP Eliasson, S (reprint author), Lulea Univ Technol, Div Space Technol, Dept Comp Sci Elect & Space Engn, Kiruna, Sweden.
EM salomon.eliasson@gmail.com
RI Stengel, Martin/C-9801-2010; Kuhn, Thomas/F-9532-2011; Iturbide-Sanchez,
Flavio/F-9186-2014; Buehler, Stefan Alexander/A-4056-2009
OI Kuhn, Thomas/0000-0003-3701-7925; Iturbide-Sanchez,
Flavio/0000-0002-8539-0073; Buehler, Stefan
Alexander/0000-0001-6389-1160
FU Swedish Science Council; Swedish National Space Board
FX We thank the Swedish Science Council for cofunding the earlier phase and
the Swedish National Space Board for cofunding the later phase of this
study. We thank the ICARE Data and Services Center and LAADS web for
providing access to the data used in this study. We thank Patrick
Eriksson from Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, and Andy
Heidinger from the Center for Satellite Applications and Research for
numerous e-mail discussions related to this study. We thank the Swedish
National Research School in Space Technology for offering courses that
have helped S. E. and G. H. in their research.
NR 52
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 13
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-897X
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.
PD MAR 27
PY 2013
VL 118
IS 6
BP 2629
EP 2642
DI 10.1029/2012JD018381
PG 14
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 129MB
UT WOS:000317843200014
ER
PT J
AU Perretti, CT
Munch, SB
Sugihara, G
AF Perretti, Charles T.
Munch, Stephan B.
Sugihara, George
TI Model-free forecasting outperforms the correct mechanistic model for
simulated and experimental data
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF
AMERICA
LA English
DT Article
ID TIME-SERIES; STATISTICAL-INFERENCE; MATHEMATICAL-MODELS; CLIMATE-CHANGE;
POPULATION; DYNAMICS; FLUCTUATIONS; SYSTEMS; VARIABILITY; STATES
AB Accurate predictions of species abundance remain one of the most vexing challenges in ecology. This observation is perhaps unsurprising, because population dynamics are often strongly forced and highly nonlinear. Recently, however, numerous statistical techniques have been proposed for fitting highly parameterized mechanistic models to complex time series, potentially providing the machinery necessary for generating useful predictions. Alternatively, there is a wide variety of comparatively simple model-free forecasting methods that could be used to predict abundance. Here wepose a rather conservative challenge and ask whether a correctly specified mechanistic model, fit with commonly used statistical techniques, can provide better forecasts than simple model-free methods for ecological systems with noisy nonlinear dynamics. Using four different control models and seven experimental time series of flour beetles, we found that Markov chain Monte Carlo procedures for fitting mechanistic models often converged on best-fit parameterizations far different from the known parameters. As a result, the correctly specified models provided inaccurate forecasts and incorrect inferences. In contrast, a model-free method based on state-space reconstruction gave the most accurate short-term forecasts, even while using only a single time series from the multivariate system. Considering the recent push for ecosystem-based management and the increasing call for ecological predictions, our results suggest that a flexible model-free approach may be the most promising way forward.
C1 [Perretti, Charles T.; Sugihara, George] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
[Munch, Stephan B.] SW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Fisheries Ecol Div, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
RP Perretti, CT (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
EM cperrett@ucsd.edu
FU National Marine Fisheries Service/Sea Grant Population Dynamics
Fellowship [E/PD-9]; CAMEO Program [NA08OAR4320894]; National Science
Foundation [DEB-1020372]
FX We thank Hao Ye, Ethan Deyle, and two anonymous reviewers for helpful
comments on an earlier version of the manuscript. Funding support was
provided by National Marine Fisheries Service/Sea Grant Population
Dynamics Fellowship E/PD-9 and CAMEO Program Grant NA08OAR4320894, and
National Science Foundation Grant DEB-1020372.
NR 40
TC 19
Z9 19
U1 4
U2 49
PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA
SN 0027-8424
J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA
JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A.
PD MAR 26
PY 2013
VL 110
IS 13
BP 5253
EP 5257
DI 10.1073/pnas.1216076110
PG 5
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 131XN
UT WOS:000318031900081
PM 23440207
ER
PT J
AU Masser, KA
Yuan, HY
Karim, A
Snyder, CR
AF Masser, Kevin A.
Yuan, Hongyi
Karim, Alamgir
Snyder, Chad R.
TI Polymer Chain Dynamics in Intercalated
Poly(epsilon-caprolactone)/Nanoplatelet Blends
SO MACROMOLECULES
LA English
DT Article
ID DIELECTRIC-RELAXATION; NANOCOMPOSITES; CRYSTALLIZATION; BEHAVIOR;
LIQUIDS
AB The dynamics of poly(epsilon-caprolactone) (PCL) blends with small amounts of Cloisite 30B nanoplatelets were investigated via broadband dielectric relaxation spectroscopy. The terminal relaxation, or normal mode of PCL, was found to be strongly influenced by the presence of the nanoplatelets, exhibiting a relaxation from PCL chains within the Cloisite platelets as well as a bulk-like relaxation. These results, as well as X-ray scattering and rheological results from the literature, help to form a clearer picture of how the structure and dynamics relate to the bulk physical properties in these systems. Cloisite was observed to have minimal impact on both the glassy state dynamics as well as the segmental dynamics, due to the relatively weak interactions between the polymer and the platelets.
C1 [Masser, Kevin A.; Snyder, Chad R.] NIST, Div Polymers, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Yuan, Hongyi; Karim, Alamgir] Univ Akron, Dept Polymer Engn, Akron, OH 44325 USA.
RP Snyder, CR (reprint author), NIST, Div Polymers, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM chad.snyder@nist.gov
RI Snyder, Chad/B-4957-2008
OI Snyder, Chad/0000-0002-2916-9809
FU National Institute of Standards and Technology; National Research
Council; AFOSR [FA9550-12-1-0306]; Akron Functional Materials Center
(AFMC)
FX K.A.M. gratefully acknowledges support from the National Institute of
Standards and Technology and the National Research Council. A.K. and
H.Y. acknowledge AFOSR grant FA9550-12-1-0306 and the Akron Functional
Materials Center (AFMC) for support of this work.
NR 32
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 13
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0024-9297
J9 MACROMOLECULES
JI Macromolecules
PD MAR 26
PY 2013
VL 46
IS 6
BP 2235
EP 2240
DI 10.1021/ma3022647
PG 6
WC Polymer Science
SC Polymer Science
GA 115YJ
UT WOS:000316847500022
ER
PT J
AU Schock, TB
Duke, J
Goodson, A
Weldon, D
Brunson, J
Leffler, JW
Bearden, DW
AF Schock, Tracey B.
Duke, Jessica
Goodson, Abby
Weldon, Daryl
Brunson, Jeff
Leffler, John W.
Bearden, Daniel W.
TI Evaluation of Pacific White Shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) Health during
a Superintensive Aquaculture Growout Using NMR-Based Metabolomics
SO PLOS ONE
LA English
DT Article
ID ELEVATED AMBIENT AMMONIA; AMINO-ACID LEVELS; OXIDATIVE PYRIMIDINE
METABOLISM; PAULENSIS PEREZ-FARFANTE; SALMON SALMO-SALAR;
MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; CULTURE-SYSTEMS; ENVIRONMENTAL METABOLOMICS;
PENAEUS-VANNAMEI; IMMUNE-RESPONSES
AB Success of the shrimp aquaculture industry requires technological advances that increase production and environmental sustainability. Indoor, superintensive, aquaculture systems are being developed that permit year-round production of farmed shrimp at high densities. These systems are intended to overcome problems of disease susceptibility and of water quality issues from waste products, by operating as essentially closed systems that promote beneficial microbial communities (biofloc). The resulting biofloc can assimilate and detoxify wastes, may provide nutrition for the farmed organisms resulting in improved growth, and may aid in reducing disease initiated from external sources. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)-based metabolomic techniques were used to assess shrimp health during a full growout cycle from the nursery phase through harvest in a minimal-exchange, superintensive, biofloc system. Aberrant shrimp metabolomes were detected from a spike in total ammonia nitrogen in the nursery, from a reduced feeding period that was a consequence of surface scum build-up in the raceway, and from the stocking transition from the nursery to the growout raceway. The biochemical changes in the shrimp that were induced by the stressors were essential for survival and included nitrogen detoxification and energy conservation mechanisms. Inosine and trehalose may be general biomarkers of stress in Litopenaeus vannamei. This study demonstrates one aspect of the practicality of using NMR-based metabolomics to enhance the aquaculture industry by providing physiological insight into common environmental stresses that may limit growth or better explain reduced survival and production.
C1 [Schock, Tracey B.; Duke, Jessica; Goodson, Abby; Bearden, Daniel W.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Hollings Marine Lab, Div Chem Sci, Charleston, SC USA.
[Weldon, Daryl; Brunson, Jeff; Leffler, John W.] South Carolina Dept Nat Resources, Marine Resources Res Inst, Charleston, SC USA.
RP Schock, TB (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Hollings Marine Lab, Div Chem Sci, Charleston, SC USA.
EM tracey.schock@nist.gov
FU Hollings Marine Laboratory NMR Facility; Waddell Mariculture Center;
USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture (NIFA) US Marine Shrimp
Farming Program [USMSFP2010-21115-SCDNR]
FX We are grateful for the assistance of Arezue Boroujerdi during the
planning of this study and of Edward DuRant during the husbandry of the
shrimp. We acknowledge the support of the Hollings Marine Laboratory NMR
Facility and the Waddell Mariculture Center. Commercial equipment or
materials are identified in this paper to specify adequately the
experimental procedure. Such identification does not imply
recommendation or endorsement by NIST, nor does it imply that the
materials or equipment identified are necessarily the best available for
the purpose. This is contribution number 695 from the South Carolina
Department of Natural Resources Marine Resources Research Institute.;
Major financial support for this project came from the USDA National
Institute of Food and Agriculture (NIFA) US Marine Shrimp Farming
Program, grant #USMSFP2010-21115-SCDNR. The funders had no role in study
design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or
preparation of the manuscript.
NR 80
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 4
U2 70
PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA
SN 1932-6203
J9 PLOS ONE
JI PLoS One
PD MAR 26
PY 2013
VL 8
IS 3
AR e59521
DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0059521
PG 12
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 123VE
UT WOS:000317418500043
PM 23555690
ER
PT J
AU Jayakumar, H
Predojevic, A
Huber, T
Kauten, T
Solomon, GS
Weihs, G
AF Jayakumar, Harishankar
Predojevic, Ana
Huber, Tobias
Kauten, Thomas
Solomon, Glenn S.
Weihs, Gregor
TI Deterministic Photon Pairs and Coherent Optical Control of a Single
Quantum Dot
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID ULTRABRIGHT SOURCE; LINEAR OPTICS; EMISSION; MICROCAVITY
AB The strong confinement of semiconductor excitons in a quantum dot gives rise to atomlike behavior. The full benefit of such a structure is best observed in resonant excitation where the excited state can be deterministically populated and coherently manipulated. Because of the large refractive index and device geometry it remains challenging to observe resonantly excited emission that is free from laser scattering in III/V self-assembled quantum dots. Here we exploit the biexciton binding energy to create an extremely clean single photon source via two-photon resonant excitation of an InAs/GaAs quantum dot. We observe complete suppression of the excitation laser and multiphoton emissions. Additionally, we perform full coherent control of the ground-biexciton state qubit and observe an extended coherence time using an all-optical echo technique. The deterministic coherent photon pair creation makes this system suitable for the generation of time-bin entanglement and experiments on the interaction of photons from dissimilar sources. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.110.135505
C1 [Jayakumar, Harishankar; Predojevic, Ana; Huber, Tobias; Kauten, Thomas; Weihs, Gregor] Univ Innsbruck, Inst Expt Phys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
[Solomon, Glenn S.] NIST, Joint Quantum Inst, Gaithersburg, MD 20849 USA.
[Solomon, Glenn S.] Univ Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20849 USA.
RP Jayakumar, H (reprint author), Univ Innsbruck, Inst Expt Phys, Tech Str 25, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
EM harishankar@uibk.ac.at; ana.predojevic@uibk.ac.at
RI Predojevic, Ana/D-5884-2014; Weihs, Gregor/G-2564-2013;
OI Predojevic, Ana/0000-0003-1840-0830; Weihs, Gregor/0000-0003-2260-3008;
Huber, Tobias/0000-0002-5788-8501
FU European Research Council (project EnSeNa); Canadian Institute for
Advanced Research through its Quantum Information Processing program;
Austrian Science Fund (FWF) through Lise Meitner Postdoctoral Fellowship
[M-1243]; Physics Frontier Center at the Joint Quantum Institute
(PFC@JQI)
FX We acknowledge discussions with H. Ritsch and M. Hennrich regarding the
theoretical modeling and with C. Couteau on the early ideas leading to
this work. This work was funded by the European Research Council
(project EnSeNa) and Canadian Institute for Advanced Research through
its Quantum Information Processing program. A. P. would like to thank
Austrian Science Fund (FWF) for support provided through Lise Meitner
Postdoctoral Fellowship M-1243. G. S. S. acknowledges partial support
through the Physics Frontier Center at the Joint Quantum Institute
(PFC@JQI).
NR 31
TC 42
Z9 43
U1 1
U2 53
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0031-9007
J9 PHYS REV LETT
JI Phys. Rev. Lett.
PD MAR 26
PY 2013
VL 110
IS 13
AR 135505
DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.110.135505
PG 5
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 113RI
UT WOS:000316685100018
PM 23581338
ER
PT J
AU Uhlig, J
Fullagar, W
Ullom, JN
Doriese, WB
Fowler, JW
Swetz, DS
Gador, N
Canton, SE
Kinnunen, K
Maasilta, IJ
Reintsema, CD
Bennett, DA
Vale, LR
Hilton, GC
Irwin, KD
Schmidt, DR
Sundstrom, V
AF Uhlig, J.
Fullagar, W.
Ullom, J. N.
Doriese, W. B.
Fowler, J. W.
Swetz, D. S.
Gador, N.
Canton, S. E.
Kinnunen, K.
Maasilta, I. J.
Reintsema, C. D.
Bennett, D. A.
Vale, L. R.
Hilton, G. C.
Irwin, K. D.
Schmidt, D. R.
Sundstrom, V.
TI Table-Top Ultrafast X-Ray Microcalorimeter Spectrometry for Molecular
Structure
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID ABSORPTION SPECTROSCOPY; FERROCENE; DIFFRACTION; IFEFFIT; SPECTRA;
OPTICS; EXAFS
AB This work presents an x-ray absorption measurement by use of ionizing radiation generated by a femtosecond pulsed laser source. The spectrometer was a microcalorimetric array whose pixels are capable of accurately measuring energies of individual radiation quanta. An isotropic continuum x-ray spectrum in the few-keV range was generated from a laser plasma source with a water-jet target. X rays were transmitted through a ferrocene powder sample to the detector, whose pixels have average photon energy resolution Delta E = 3.14 eV full-width-at-half-maximum at 5.9 keV. The bond distance of ferrocene was retrieved from this first hard-x-ray absorption fine-structure spectrum collected with an energy-dispersive detector. This technique will be broadly enabling for time-resolved observations of structural dynamics in photoactive systems. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.110.138302
C1 [Uhlig, J.; Fullagar, W.; Gador, N.; Canton, S. E.; Kinnunen, K.; Sundstrom, V.] Lund Univ, Dept Chem Phys, Lund, Sweden.
[Uhlig, J.; Ullom, J. N.; Doriese, W. B.; Fowler, J. W.; Swetz, D. S.; Reintsema, C. D.; Bennett, D. A.; Vale, L. R.; Hilton, G. C.; Irwin, K. D.; Schmidt, D. R.] NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Canton, S. E.] Lund Univ, Dept Synchrotron Radiat Instrumentat, Lund, Sweden.
[Kinnunen, K.; Maasilta, I. J.] Univ Jyvaskyla, Dept Phys, Nanosci Ctr, FI-40014 Jyvaskyla, Finland.
RP Uhlig, J (reprint author), Lund Univ, Dept Chem Phys, Lund, Sweden.
RI Bennett, Douglas/B-8001-2012; Canton, Sophie/A-8432-2016;
OI Bennett, Douglas/0000-0003-3011-3690; Uhlig, Jens/0000-0002-0528-0422;
Maasilta, Ilari/0000-0001-8566-1569
FU Swedish Consortium for Artificial Photosynthesis; NIST Innovations in
Measurement Science program; ERC Advanced Investigator Grant [226136];
Marie Curie Early Stage Researcher Training Site MAXLAS; European
Commission under the 6th European Framework Program
FX The system was developed in the collaborative environment of the Lund
Laser Centre and the Quantum Device Group of NIST Boulder, and
acknowledges funding from the Swedish Consortium for Artificial
Photosynthesis, the NIST Innovations in Measurement Science program and
an ERC Advanced Investigator Grant No. 226136 to V. S. J U. acknowledges
a scholarship under the Marie Curie Early Stage Researcher Training Site
MAXLAS that was financed by the European Commission under the 6th
European Framework Program.
NR 33
TC 17
Z9 17
U1 3
U2 43
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0031-9007
J9 PHYS REV LETT
JI Phys. Rev. Lett.
PD MAR 26
PY 2013
VL 110
IS 13
AR 138302
DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.110.138302
PG 5
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 113RI
UT WOS:000316685100034
PM 23581383
ER
PT J
AU Yan, RS
Zhang, Q
Kirillov, OA
Li, W
Basham, J
Boosalis, A
Liang, XL
Jena, D
Richter, CA
Seabaugh, AC
Gundlach, DJ
Xing, HLG
Nguyen, NV
AF Yan, Rusen
Zhang, Qin
Kirillov, Oleg A.
Li, Wei
Basham, James
Boosalis, Alex
Liang, Xuelei
Jena, Debdeep
Richter, Curt A.
Seabaugh, Alan C.
Gundlach, David J.
Xing, Huili G.
Nguyen, N. V.
TI Graphene as transparent electrode for direct observation of hole
photoemission from silicon to oxide
SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID SPECTROSCOPIC ELLIPSOMETRY; INTERNAL PHOTOEMISSION; THIN-FILMS
AB We demonstrate the application of graphene as collector material in internal photoemission (IPE) spectroscopy, which enables direct observation of both electron and hole injections at a Si/Al2O3 interface and overcomes the long-standing difficulty of detecting holes in IPE measurements. The observed electron and hole barrier heights are 3.5 +/- 0.1 eV and 4.1 +/- 0.1 eV, respectively. Thus, the bandgap of Al2O3 can be deduced to be 6.5 +/- 0.2 eV, in good agreement with the value obtained by ellipsometry analysis. Our modeling effort reveals that, by using graphene, the carrier injection from the emitter is significantly enhanced and the contribution from the collector electrode is minimal. (C) 2013 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4796169]
C1 [Yan, Rusen; Zhang, Qin; Kirillov, Oleg A.; Li, Wei; Basham, James; Boosalis, Alex; Richter, Curt A.; Gundlach, David J.; Nguyen, N. V.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Semicond & Dimens Metrol Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Yan, Rusen; Zhang, Qin; Jena, Debdeep; Seabaugh, Alan C.; Xing, Huili G.] Univ Notre Dame, Dept Elect Engn, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA.
[Li, Wei; Liang, Xuelei] Peking Univ, Key Lab Phys & Chem Nano Devices, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China.
[Boosalis, Alex] Univ Nebraska, Dept Elect Engn, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA.
[Boosalis, Alex] Univ Nebraska, Nebraska Ctr Mat & Nanosci, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA.
RP Yan, RS (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Semicond & Dimens Metrol Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM ryan1@nd.edu; hxing@nd.edu; nhan.nguyen@nist.gov
RI Liang, Xuelei/C-4690-2013; Basham, James/A-7390-2012; Yan,
Rusen/A-1618-2014; Yan, Rusen/P-6908-2014
OI Basham, James/0000-0002-6786-0211;
FU NIST Semiconductor and Dimensional Metrology Division; Nanoelectronics
Research Initiative through the Midwest Institute for Nanoelectronics
Discovery (MIND)
FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the support of the NIST Semiconductor
and Dimensional Metrology Division and the Nanoelectronics Research
Initiative through the Midwest Institute for Nanoelectronics Discovery
(MIND).
NR 25
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 2
U2 46
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0003-6951
EI 1077-3118
J9 APPL PHYS LETT
JI Appl. Phys. Lett.
PD MAR 25
PY 2013
VL 102
IS 12
AR 123106
DI 10.1063/1.4796169
PG 5
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 117QB
UT WOS:000316967100069
ER
PT J
AU Ramelow, S
Mech, A
Giustina, M
Groblacher, S
Wieczorek, W
Beyer, J
Lita, A
Calkins, B
Gerrits, T
Nam, SW
Zeilinger, A
Ursin, R
AF Ramelow, Sven
Mech, Alexandra
Giustina, Marissa
Groeblacher, Simon
Wieczorek, Witlef
Beyer, Joern
Lita, Adriana
Calkins, Brice
Gerrits, Thomas
Nam, Sae Woo
Zeilinger, Anton
Ursin, Rupert
TI Highly efficient heralding of entangled single photons
SO OPTICS EXPRESS
LA English
DT Article
ID QUANTUM; DETECTOR; SENSORS
AB Single photons are an important prerequisite for a broad spectrum of quantum optical applications. We experimentally demonstrate a heralded single-photon source based on spontaneous parametric down-conversion in collinear bulk optics, and fiber-coupled bolometric transition-edge sensors. Without correcting for background, losses, or detection inefficiencies, we measure an overall heralding efficiency of 83 %. By violating a Bell inequality, we confirm the single-photon character and high-quality entanglement of our heralded single photons which, in combination with the high heralding efficiency, are a necessary ingredient for advanced quantum communication protocols such as one-sided device-independent quantum key distribution. (c) 2013 Optical Society of America
C1 [Ramelow, Sven; Mech, Alexandra; Giustina, Marissa; Zeilinger, Anton; Ursin, Rupert] Austrian Acad Sci, Inst Quantum Opt & Quantum Informat, A-1010 Vienna, Austria.
[Ramelow, Sven; Mech, Alexandra; Giustina, Marissa; Zeilinger, Anton] Univ Vienna, Fac Phys, Vienna, Austria.
[Groeblacher, Simon; Wieczorek, Witlef; Zeilinger, Anton] Univ Vienna, Fac Phys, Vienna Ctr Quantum Sci & Technol, Vienna, Austria.
[Beyer, Joern] Phys Tech Bundesanstalt, D-10587 Berlin, Germany.
[Lita, Adriana; Calkins, Brice; Gerrits, Thomas; Nam, Sae Woo] NIST, Boulder, CO USA.
RP Ramelow, S (reprint author), Austrian Acad Sci, Inst Quantum Opt & Quantum Informat, Boltzmanngasse 3, A-1010 Vienna, Austria.
EM marissa.giustina@univie.ac.at
RI Wieczorek, Witlef/D-1869-2010; Ursin, Rupert/E-9548-2012; Groeblacher,
Simon/O-2455-2014; Ramelow, Sven/H-6798-2012
OI Wieczorek, Witlef/0000-0003-1847-053X; Ursin,
Rupert/0000-0002-9403-269X; Ramelow, Sven/0000-0002-7801-4440
FU Austrian Science Foundation (FWF) [SFB F4008]; Austrian Science
Foundation (FWF) under project CoQuS; grant Q-ESSENCE [248095]; John
Templeton Foundation; European commission through a Marie Curie
fellowship; Alexander von Humboldt Foundation; NIST Quantum Information
Science Initiative (QISI)
FX This work was supported by the Austrian Science Foundation (FWF) under
projects SFB F4008 and CoQuS, the grant Q-ESSENCE (no. 248095), and the
John Templeton Foundation. SG acknowledges support from the European
commission through a Marie Curie fellowship. WW acknowledges support
from the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation and is a recipient of a Marie
Curie Fellowship of the European commission. This work was also
supported by the NIST Quantum Information Science Initiative (QISI).
NR 33
TC 23
Z9 23
U1 0
U2 31
PU OPTICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1094-4087
J9 OPT EXPRESS
JI Opt. Express
PD MAR 25
PY 2013
VL 21
IS 6
BP 6707
EP 6717
DI 10.1364/OE.21.006707
PG 11
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA 115ES
UT WOS:000316796000007
PM 23546052
ER
PT J
AU Berninger, M
Zenesini, A
Huang, B
Harm, W
Nagerl, HC
Ferlaino, F
Grimm, R
Julienne, PS
Hutson, JM
AF Berninger, Martin
Zenesini, Alessandro
Huang, Bo
Harm, Walter
Naegerl, Hanns-Christoph
Ferlaino, Francesca
Grimm, Rudolf
Julienne, Paul S.
Hutson, Jeremy M.
TI Feshbach resonances, weakly bound molecular states, and coupled-channel
potentials for cesium at high magnetic fields
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A
LA English
DT Article
ID BOSE-EINSTEIN CONDENSATION; LONG-RANGE POTENTIALS; LOG-DERIVATIVE
METHOD; RELAXATION RATES; ULTRACOLD ATOMS; ENERGY-LEVELS; METAL ATOMS;
QUANTUM GAS; SCATTERING; COLLISIONS
AB We explore the scattering properties of ultracold ground-state Cs atoms at magnetic fields between 450 G (45 mT) and 1000 G. We identify 17 previously unreported Feshbach resonances, including two very broad ones near 549 and 787 G. We measure the binding energies of several different dimer states by magnetic field modulation spectroscopy. We use least-squares fitting to these experimental results, together with previous measurements at lower field, to determine a six-parameter model of the long-range interaction potential, designated M2012. Coupled-channels calculations using M2012 provide an accurate mapping between the s-wave scattering length and the magnetic field over the entire range of fields considered. This mapping is crucial for experiments that rely on precise tuning of the scattering length, such as those on Efimov physics. DOI:10.1103/PhysRevA.87.032517
C1 [Berninger, Martin; Zenesini, Alessandro; Huang, Bo; Harm, Walter; Naegerl, Hanns-Christoph; Ferlaino, Francesca; Grimm, Rudolf] Univ Innsbruck, Inst Expt Phys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
[Berninger, Martin; Zenesini, Alessandro; Huang, Bo; Harm, Walter; Naegerl, Hanns-Christoph; Ferlaino, Francesca; Grimm, Rudolf] Univ Innsbruck, Zentrum Quantenphys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
[Berninger, Martin; Zenesini, Alessandro; Huang, Bo; Harm, Walter; Naegerl, Hanns-Christoph; Ferlaino, Francesca; Grimm, Rudolf] Austrian Acad Sci, Inst Quantenopt & Quanteninformat, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
[Julienne, Paul S.] NIST, Joint Quantum Inst, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Julienne, Paul S.] Univ Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Hutson, Jeremy M.] Univ Durham, Dept Chem, JQC Durham Newcastle, Durham DH1 3LE, England.
RP Berninger, M (reprint author), Univ Innsbruck, Inst Expt Phys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
RI Hutson, Jeremy/F-4748-2012; Grimm, Rudolf/D-2864-2009; Naegerl,
Hanns-Christoph/E-7329-2010; Ferlaino, francesca/E-6726-2012; Zenesini,
Alessandro/A-7689-2013; Julienne, Paul/E-9378-2012
OI Hutson, Jeremy/0000-0002-4344-6622; Grimm, Rudolf/0000-0003-1085-5558;
Naegerl, Hanns-Christoph/0000-0002-7789-4431; Zenesini,
Alessandro/0000-0001-8035-3348; Julienne, Paul/0000-0002-5494-1442
FU Austrian Science Fund FWF [P23106]; Marie Curie Intra-European Program
of the European Commission [LatTriCs]; EPSRC; AFOSR MURI
[FA9550-09-1-0617]; EOARD [FA8655-10-13033]
FX We acknowledge support by the Austrian Science Fund FWF within Project
No. P23106. A.Z. was supported within the Marie Curie Intra-European
Program of the European Commission (Project No. LatTriCs). P.S.J. and
J.M.H. acknowledge support from EPSRC, AFOSR MURI Grant No.
FA9550-09-1-0617, and EOARD Grant No. FA8655-10-13033.
NR 84
TC 33
Z9 33
U1 2
U2 21
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1050-2947
J9 PHYS REV A
JI Phys. Rev. A
PD MAR 25
PY 2013
VL 87
IS 3
AR 032517
DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.87.032517
PG 17
WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Optics; Physics
GA 113IM
UT WOS:000316660000012
ER
PT J
AU Zurn, G
Lompe, T
Wenz, AN
Jochim, S
Julienne, PS
Hutson, JM
AF Zuern, G.
Lompe, T.
Wenz, A. N.
Jochim, S.
Julienne, P. S.
Hutson, J. M.
TI Precise Characterization of Li-6 Feshbach Resonances Using
Trap-Sideband-Resolved RF Spectroscopy of Weakly Bound Molecules
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID UNITARY FERMI GAS; ULTRACOLD GASES; ATOMS; THERMODYNAMICS; SUPERFLUID
AB We perform radio-frequency dissociation spectroscopy of weakly bound Li-6(2) Feshbach molecules using low-density samples of about 30 molecules in an optical dipole trap. Combined with a high magnetic field stability, this allows us to resolve the discrete trap levels in the radio-frequency dissociation spectra. This novel technique allows the binding energy of Feshbach molecules to be determined with unprecedented precision. We use these measurements as an input for a fit to the Li-6 scattering potential using coupled-channel calculations. From this new potential, we determine the pole positions of the broad Li-6 Feshbach resonances with an accuracy better than 7 x 10(-4) of the resonance widths. This eliminates the dominant uncertainty for current precision measurements of the equation of state of strongly interacting Fermi gases. As an important consequence, our results imply a corrected value for the Bertsch parameter xi measured by Ku et al. [Science 335, 563 (2012)], which is xi = 0.370(5)(8). DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.110.135301
C1 [Zuern, G.; Lompe, T.; Wenz, A. N.; Jochim, S.] Heidelberg Univ, Inst Phys, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
[Zuern, G.; Lompe, T.; Wenz, A. N.; Jochim, S.] Max Planck Inst Kernphys, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany.
[Lompe, T.; Jochim, S.] GSI Helmholtzzentrum Schwerionenforsch, EMMI, D-64291 Darmstadt, Germany.
[Julienne, P. S.] NIST, Joint Quantum Inst, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Julienne, P. S.] Univ Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Hutson, J. M.] Univ Durham, Dept Chem, Joint Quantum Ctr JQC Durham Newcastle, Durham DH1 3LE, England.
RP Zurn, G (reprint author), Heidelberg Univ, Inst Phys, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
EM lompe@physi.uni-heidelberg.de; J.M.Hutson@durham.ac.uk
RI Hutson, Jeremy/F-4748-2012; Jochim, Selim/G-1287-2011; Julienne,
Paul/E-9378-2012
OI Hutson, Jeremy/0000-0002-4344-6622; Jochim, Selim/0000-0001-6049-2658;
Julienne, Paul/0000-0002-5494-1442
FU IMPRS-QD, Helmholtz Alliance [HA216/EMMI]; Heidelberg Center for Quantum
Dynamics, ERC [279697]; EPSRC, AFSOR MURI [FA9550-09-1-0617]; EOARD
[FA8655-10-1-3033]
FX The authors thank M. Ku and M. Zwierlein for providing the corrected
value of xi as well as enlightening discussions. The authors gratefully
acknowledge support from IMPRS-QD, Helmholtz Alliance HA216/EMMI, the
Heidelberg Center for Quantum Dynamics, ERC Starting Grant No. 279697,
EPSRC, AFSOR MURI Grant No. FA9550-09-1-0617, and EOARD Grant No.
FA8655-10-1-3033.
NR 28
TC 75
Z9 75
U1 0
U2 13
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0031-9007
J9 PHYS REV LETT
JI Phys. Rev. Lett.
PD MAR 25
PY 2013
VL 110
IS 13
AR 135301
DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.110.135301
PG 5
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 113QU
UT WOS:000316683500009
PM 23581332
ER
PT J
AU Wang, R
Yang, CX
Fan, M
Wu, MM
Wang, CH
Yu, XH
Zhu, JL
Zhang, JR
Li, GB
Huang, QZ
Chen, DF
Jin, TN
Kamiyama, T
Liao, FH
Lin, JH
AF Wang, Rong
Yang, Chengxu
Fan, Min
Wu, Meimei
Wang, Chunhai
Yu, Xiaohui
Zhu, Jinlong
Zhang, Junrong
Li, Guobao
Huang, Qingzhen
Chen, Dongfeng
Jin, Tounan
Kamiyama, Takashi
Liao, Fuhui
Lin, Jianhua
TI Phase relationship of the TbO1.81-Mn3O4-Fe2O3 system synthesized at 1200
degrees C
SO JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
LA English
DT Article
DE TbMnO3; Phase diagram; Solid-state reaction; Multiferroic; Powder X-ray
diffraction
ID MULTIFERROIC MATERIAL; MANGANESE OXIDE; POLARIZATION; FE3O4-MN3O4;
SPINELS; TBMNO3
AB The phase relationship of the TbO1.81-Mn3O4-Fe2O3 pseudo-ternary system synthesized at 1200 degrees C was determined using X-ray and neutron diffraction method. Four solid solutions, Mn3-3xFe3xO4 (0.00 <= x <= 0.278), Mn3-3xFe3xO4 (0.291 <= x <= 0.667), Mn2-2xFe2xO3 (0.89 <= x <= 1.00), and (Tb1-yMnzFex) (FewMn1-w)O-3 (1-y + x + z <= 1, 0.00 <= w <= 1.00) were found along with six two-phase regions and three three-phase regions. The boundaries were determined by several different methods such as phase disappearing, the Vigard's law, and the lever rule. (C) 2012 Elsevier B. V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Yang, Chengxu; Li, Guobao; Liao, Fuhui; Lin, Jianhua] Peking Univ, Beijing Natl Lab Mol Sci, Coll Chem & Mol Engn, State Key Lab Rare Earth Mat Chem & Applicat, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China.
[Wang, Rong; Fan, Min; Jin, Tounan] Beijing Univ Technol, Coll Mat Sci & Engn, Beijing 100022, Peoples R China.
[Wu, Meimei; Chen, Dongfeng] China Inst Atom Energy, Dept Nucl Phys, Neutron Scattering Lab, Beijing 102413, Peoples R China.
[Wang, Chunhai] Peking Univ, Sch Phys, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China.
[Yu, Xiaohui; Zhu, Jinlong] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Lujan Neutron Scattering Ctr, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
[Zhang, Junrong; Kamiyama, Takashi] Res Org KEK, Inst Mat Struct Sci, Tokai, Ibaraki 3191106, Japan.
[Huang, Qingzhen] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Li, GB (reprint author), Peking Univ, Beijing Natl Lab Mol Sci, Coll Chem & Mol Engn, State Key Lab Rare Earth Mat Chem & Applicat, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China.
EM liguobao@pku.edu.cn; qing.huang@nist.gov; tnjinkim@bjut.edu.cn;
jhlin@pku.edu.cn
RI Lujan Center, LANL/G-4896-2012; Wang, Chun-Hai/J-2814-2014; Li,
Guobao/F-3690-2016
OI Wang, Chun-Hai/0000-0001-5527-199X; Li, Guobao/0000-0003-3061-193X
FU National Key Basic Research Project of China [2010CB833103]; National
Natural Science Foundation of China [11075220]; Beijing Municipal
Commission of Education [KM20101000 5019]
FX This work is supported by a National Key Basic Research Project of China
(2010CB833103), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grants
11075220), and Scientific Research Key Program of Beijing Municipal
Commission of Education (KM20101000 5019). We thank Dr. M. Avdeev for
assistance collecting the neutron power diffraction data at the OPAL
facility.
NR 42
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 1
U2 36
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA
PI LAUSANNE
PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND
SN 0925-8388
J9 J ALLOY COMPD
JI J. Alloy. Compd.
PD MAR 25
PY 2013
VL 554
BP 385
EP 394
DI 10.1016/j.jallcom.2012.12.011
PG 10
WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy &
Metallurgical Engineering
SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
GA 085VK
UT WOS:000314642200060
ER
PT J
AU Xu, LL
Zhang, Q
Hou, GF
Chen, P
Li, GM
Pajerowski, DM
Dennis, CL
AF Xu, Lili
Zhang, Qian
Hou, Guangfeng
Chen, Peng
Li, Guangming
Pajerowski, Daniel M.
Dennis, Cindi L.
TI Syntheses, structures, and magnetic properties of salen type Cu-Gd dimer
and hexamer complexes with strong ferromagnetic interactions
SO POLYHEDRON
LA English
DT Article
DE Synthesis; Structure; Salen type; Heteronuclear Cu-Gd; Magnetism
ID SCHIFF-BASE COMPLEXES; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; LUMINESCENT PROPERTIES;
METHANOL MONOSOLVATE; 3D-4F COMPLEXES; MONONUCLEAR 4F; LANTHANIDE;
TRINUCLEAR; LN; LIGAND
AB Two salen type heteronuclear Cu-Gd complexes, namely, [((GdCuLCl3)-Cl-1(CH3OH)(2)] (1) and [(Gd2Cu4L4Cl2)-Cl-2(OH)](PF6)(3) (2) (H2L1=N,N'-bis(2-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzylidene)-1,2-diaminocyclohexane and H2L2 = N,N'-bis(2-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzylidene)-1,3-diaminopropane) have been isolated. X-ray crystallographic analysis shows that 1 is of a typical neutral heterodinuclear Cu-Gd structure, while 2 features an unusual ionic hexanuclear Cu-Gd structure. Magnetic analysis reveals the dominant ferromagnetic interactions within the clusters. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Xu, Lili; Zhang, Qian; Hou, Guangfeng; Chen, Peng; Li, Guangming] Heilongjiang Univ, Sch Chem & Mat Sci, Key Lab Funct Inorgan Mat Chem MOE, Harbin 150080, Peoples R China.
[Pajerowski, Daniel M.; Dennis, Cindi L.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Li, GM (reprint author), Heilongjiang Univ, Sch Chem & Mat Sci, Key Lab Funct Inorgan Mat Chem MOE, Harbin 150080, Peoples R China.
EM gmli_2000@163.com; daniel@pajerowski.com
RI Li, Guangming/I-6447-2016; 侯, 广峰/D-1958-2014;
OI 侯, 广峰/0000-0002-8864-7823; Pajerowski, Daniel/0000-0003-3890-2379
FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [21072049, 51102081,
51272069]; Heilongjiang Province [2010td03]; Heilongjiang University;
NRC/NIST
FX This work is financially supported by the National Natural Science
Foundation of China (Nos. 21072049, 51102081 and 51272069), Heilongjiang
Province (No. 2010td03) and Heilongjiang University. D.M.P. acknowledges
support from the NRC/NIST research associateship program.
NR 47
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 4
U2 49
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0277-5387
J9 POLYHEDRON
JI Polyhedron
PD MAR 22
PY 2013
VL 52
SI SI
BP 91
EP 95
DI 10.1016/j.poly.2012.11.019
PG 5
WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Crystallography
SC Chemistry; Crystallography
GA 141SP
UT WOS:000318747100009
ER
PT J
AU Manson, JL
Brown, CM
Huang, Q
Schlueter, JA
Lancaster, T
Blundell, SJ
Singleton, J
Lynn, JW
Pratt, FL
AF Manson, Jamie L.
Brown, Craig M.
Huang, Qing
Schlueter, John A.
Lancaster, Tom
Blundell, Stephen J.
Singleton, John
Lynn, Jeffrey W.
Pratt, Francis L.
TI Mn(dca)(2)(o-phen) {dca = dicyanamide; o-phen=1,10-phenanthroline}:
Long-range magnetic order in a low-dimensional Mn-dca polymer
SO POLYHEDRON
LA English
DT Article
DE Dicyanamide; Coordination polymer; Magnetic properties; Neutron
diffraction; Muon-spin relaxation
ID 1-D COORDINATION POLYMERS; MOLECULE-BASED MAGNET; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE;
STRUCTURAL ISOMERISM; EXTENDED NETWORKS; SPIN EXCITATIONS; N(CN)(2)(-);
PYRAZINE; PYZ; NI
AB The crystal structure, phonon density-of-states, and magnetic properties of Mn(dca)(2)(o-phen) (dca = dicyanamide, N(CN)(2)(-): o-phen = 1,10-phenanthroline) have been studied using several methods including magnetization, muon-spin relaxation, and neutron and X-ray scattering. From X-ray crystallography the structure was shown to consist of octahedral MnN6 sites that are connected via four mu(1,5)-bridging dca ligands while the two remaining cis-positions are occupied by N-donors of the o-phen ligand. Two Mn2+ ions are bridged together by two dca anions to afford [Mn-2(dca)(2)(o-phen)(2)](2+) "dimers." These dimers are linked in 2D via mu(1,5)-dca ligands to afford a polymeric structure whereas the o-phen ligands act as spacers. Bulk magnetic susceptibility data show a characteristic broad maximum at 2.65 K while neutron scattering and muon-spin relaxation data establish T-N = 1.85 K. For T << T-N, the magnetization, as obtained in pulsed-fields, saturates at 5.75 T and reaches a moment typical of an isotropic S = 5/2 ion. The magnetic structure was determined and found to consist of antiferromagnetically ordered Mn2+ moments oriented in the ac-plane with no spin-canting being evident. The magnetic space group symmetry for the Mn2+ moments is P2'(1)/c with each Mn2+ ion carrying a magnetic moment of 4.7(1)mu(B), in good agreement with the value of 5.0 mu(B) expected for an isotropic, high-spin S = 5/2 ion. The fact that LRO is observed in Mn(dca)(2)(o-phen) is unusual among low-dimensional dicyanamide complexes especially since only mu(1,5)-dca modes are involved. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Manson, Jamie L.] Eastern Washington Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Cheney, WA 99004 USA.
[Brown, Craig M.; Huang, Qing; Lynn, Jeffrey W.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Schlueter, John A.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Lancaster, Tom] Univ Durham, Ctr Phys Mat, Durham DH1 3LE, England.
[Lancaster, Tom; Blundell, Stephen J.] Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, Clarendon Lab, Oxford OX1 3PU, England.
[Singleton, John] Natl High Magnet Field Lab, Pulsed Field Facil, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
[Pratt, Francis L.] Rutherford Appleton Lab, ISIS Pulsed Muon Facil, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England.
RP Manson, JL (reprint author), Eastern Washington Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Cheney, WA 99004 USA.
EM jmanson@ewu.edu
RI Brown, Craig/B-5430-2009
OI Brown, Craig/0000-0002-9637-9355
FU National Science Foundation [DMR-1005825]; UChicago Argonne, LLC,
Operator of Argonne National Laboratory ("Argonne"); Argonne, a U.S.
Department of Energy Office of Science laboratory [DE-AC02-06CH11357];
NSF [DMR-0654118]; State of Florida; U.S. DoE BES program "Science in
100 T"
FX The work at EWU was supported in part by the National Science Foundation
under Grant No. DMR-1005825. Work supported by UChicago Argonne, LLC,
Operator of Argonne National Laboratory ("Argonne"). Argonne, a U.S.
Department of Energy Office of Science laboratory, is operated under
Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. A portion of this work was performed at
the National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, which is supported by NSF
Cooperative Agreement No. DMR-0654118, the State of Florida, and the
U.S. DoE BES program "Science in 100 T." Part of this work was performed
at the Swiss Muon Source, Paul Scherrer Institut, Villigen, Switzerland.
We are grateful to Alex Amato for technical assistance. Identification
of commercial equipment in the text is not intended to imply any
recommendation or endorsement by the National Institute of Standards and
Technology.
NR 60
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 20
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0277-5387
J9 POLYHEDRON
JI Polyhedron
PD MAR 22
PY 2013
VL 52
SI SI
BP 679
EP 688
DI 10.1016/j.poly.2012.07.087
PG 10
WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Crystallography
SC Chemistry; Crystallography
GA 141SP
UT WOS:000318747100084
ER
PT J
AU Xu, XD
Peng, SQ
Yang, XJ
Xu, HX
Tong, DQ
Wang, DX
Guo, YD
Chan, JCL
Chen, LS
Yu, W
Li, YN
Lai, ZJ
Zhang, SJ
AF Xu, Xiangde
Peng, Shiqiu
Yang, Xiangjing
Xu, Hongxiong
Tong, Daniel Q.
Wang, Dongxiao
Guo, Yudi
Chan, Johnny C. L.
Chen, Lianshou
Yu, Wei
Li, Yineng
Lai, Zhijuan
Zhang, Shengjun
TI Does warmer China land attract more super typhoons?
SO SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
LA English
DT Article
ID TROPICAL CYCLONE MOTION; HURRICANE; PARAMETER; FLOW
AB Accurate prediction of where and when typhoons (or named hurricanes which form over the North Atlantic Ocean) will make landfall is critical to protecting human lives and properties. Although the traditional method of typhoon track prediction based on the steering flow theory has been proven to be an effective way in most situations, it slipped up in some cases. Our analysis of the long-term Chinese typhoon records reveals that typhoons, especially super typhoons (those with maximum sustained surface winds of greater than 51 ms(-1)), have a trend to make landfalls toward warmer land in China over the past 50 years (1960-2009). Numerical sensitivity experiments using an advanced atmospheric model further confirm this finding. Our finding suggests an alternative approach to predict the landfall tracks of the most devastating typhoons in the southeastern China.
C1 [Xu, Xiangde; Yang, Xiangjing; Xu, Hongxiong; Guo, Yudi; Chen, Lianshou; Yu, Wei; Zhang, Shengjun] Chinese Acad Meteorol Sci, State Key Lab Severe Weather, Beijing 100081, Peoples R China.
[Xu, Xiangde; Peng, Shiqiu; Wang, Dongxiao; Li, Yineng; Lai, Zhijuan] Chinese Acad Sci, South China Sea Inst Oceanol, State Key Lab Trop Oceanog, Guangzhou 510301, Guangdong, Peoples R China.
[Yang, Xiangjing] Chenzhou Meteorol Bur Hunan Prov, Chenzhou 423000, Peoples R China.
[Tong, Daniel Q.] NOAA, Air Resources Lab, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
[Chan, Johnny C. L.] City Univ Hong Kong, Sch Energy & Environm, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China.
RP Peng, SQ (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, South China Sea Inst Oceanol, State Key Lab Trop Oceanog, Guangzhou 510301, Guangdong, Peoples R China.
EM speng@scsio.ac.cn
RI Tong, Daniel/A-8255-2008; WANG, DongXiao/B-4445-2012;
OI Tong, Daniel/0000-0002-4255-4568; CHAN, Johnny Chung
Leung/0000-0001-8390-7422
FU MOST of China [2009CB421504, 2011CB403505]; Innovation Key Program of
the Chinese Academy of Sciences [KZCX2-EW-208]; National Natural Science
Foundation of China [41076009, 41075037]; Hundred Talent Program of the
Chinese Academy of Sciences
FX This work was jointly supported by the MOST of China (973 Projects with
Grant No. 2009CB421504 & 2011CB403505), the Innovation Key Program of
the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant No. KZCX2-EW-208), National
Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 41076009 & 41075037), and
the Hundred Talent Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. The Grid
Analysis and Display System (GrADS) was employed to plot most of the
figures.
NR 29
TC 3
Z9 8
U1 3
U2 17
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 2045-2322
J9 SCI REP-UK
JI Sci Rep
PD MAR 22
PY 2013
VL 3
AR 1522
DI 10.1038/srep01522
PG 8
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 111TT
UT WOS:000316544400005
PM 23519311
ER
PT J
AU Tarasevich, BJ
Perez-Salas, U
Masica, DL
Philo, J
Kienzle, P
Krueger, S
Majkrzak, CF
Gray, JL
Shaw, WJ
AF Tarasevich, Barbara J.
Perez-Salas, Ursula
Masica, David L.
Philo, John
Kienzle, Paul
Krueger, Susan
Majkrzak, Charles F.
Gray, Jeffrey L.
Shaw, Wendy J.
TI Neutron Reflectometry Studies of the Adsorbed Structure of the
Amelogenin, LRAP
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B
LA English
DT Article
ID DYNAMIC LIGHT-SCATTERING; FORMATION IN-VITRO; RECOMBINANT AMELOGENIN;
PROTEIN HYDRATION; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; ENAMEL FORMATION; HYDROXYAPATITE;
ADSORPTION; MACROMOLECULES; ORIENTATION
AB Amelogenins make up over 90% of the protein present during enamel formation and have been demonstrated to be critical in proper enamel development, but the mechanism governing this control is not well understood. Leucine-rich amelogenin peptide (LRAP) is a 59-residue splice variant of amelogenin and contains the charged regions from the full protein thought to control crystal regulation. In this work, we utilized neutron reflectivity (NR) to investigate the structure and orientation of LRAP adsorbed from solutions onto molecularly smooth COOH-terminated self-assembled monolayer (SAM) surfaces. Sedimentation velocity (SV) experiments revealed that LRAP is primarily a monomer in saturated calcium phosphate (SCP) solutions (0.15 M NaC1) at pH 7.4. LRAP adsorbed as similar to 32 angstrom thick layers at similar to 70% coverage as determined by NR. Rosetta simulations of the dimensions of LRAP in solution (37 angstrom diameter) indicate that the NR determined z dimension is consistent with an LRAP monomer. SV experiments and Rosetta simulations show that the LRAP monomer has an extended, asymmetric shape in solution. The NR data suggests that the protein is not completely extended on the surface, having some degree of structure away from the surface. A protein orientation with the Cterminal and inner N-terminal regions (residues similar to 8-24) located near the surface is consistent with the higher scattering length density (SLD) found near the surface by NR. This work presents new information on the tertiary and quaternary structure of LRAP in solution and adsorbed onto surfaces. It also presents further evidence that the monomeric species may be an important functional form of amelogenin proteins.
C1 [Tarasevich, Barbara J.; Shaw, Wendy J.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99354 USA.
[Perez-Salas, Ursula] Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, Chicago, IL 60607 USA.
[Masica, David L.; Gray, Jeffrey L.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA.
[Philo, John] Alliance Prot Labs Inc, San Diego, CA 92121 USA.
[Kienzle, Paul; Krueger, Susan; Majkrzak, Charles F.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Tarasevich, BJ (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99354 USA.
EM barbara.tarasevich@pnnl.gov; wendy.shaw@pnnl.gov
RI Gray, Jeffrey/B-5682-2008
OI Gray, Jeffrey/0000-0001-6380-2324
FU NIH-NIDCR [DE-015347]; US-DOE; National Science Foundation [DMR-0454672]
FX This work was supported by NIH-NIDCR Grant DE-015347 (PNNL) and was
performed in part at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, operated by
Battelle for the US-DOE. This work was supported in part by the National
Science Foundation under Agreement No. DMR-0454672 and was performed in
part at NIST. We would like to thank Andrew Rockwell, who helped collect
the initial NR data. We thank Robert Latour and Nadeem Vellore for
providing coordinates for the COOH SAM surface.
NR 68
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U2 30
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1520-6106
J9 J PHYS CHEM B
JI J. Phys. Chem. B
PD MAR 21
PY 2013
VL 117
IS 11
BP 3098
EP 3109
DI 10.1021/jp311936j
PG 12
WC Chemistry, Physical
SC Chemistry
GA 114WI
UT WOS:000316773300005
PM 23477285
ER
PT J
AU Siderius, DW
Shen, VK
AF Siderius, Daniel W.
Shen, Vincent K.
TI Use of the Grand Canonical Transition-Matrix Monte Carlo Method to Model
Gas Adsorption in Porous Materials
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C
LA English
DT Article
ID PHASE COEXISTENCE PROPERTIES; DENSITY-FUNCTIONAL THEORY;
VAPOR-LIQUID-EQUILIBRIA; MOLECULAR SIMULATION; CAPILLARY CONDENSATION;
CONFINED SYSTEMS; ENTHALPY CHANGE; GIBBS ENSEMBLE; CARBON-DIOXIDE;
OF-STATES
AB We present grand canonical transition-matrix Monte Carlo (GC-TMMC) as an efficient method for simulating gas adsorption processes, with particular emphasis on subcritical gas adsorption in which capillary phase transitions are present. As in other applications of TMMC, the goal of the simulation is to compute a particle number probability distribution (PNPD), from which thermophysical properties of the system can be computed. The key advantage of GC-TMMC is that, by appropriate use of histogram reweighting, one can generate an entire adsorption isotherm, including those with hysteresis loops, from the PNPD generated by a single GC-TMMC simulation. We discuss how to determine various thermophysical properties of an adsorptive system from the PNPD, including the identification of capillary phases and capillary phase transitions, the equilibrium phase transition, other free energies, and the heat of adsorption. To demonstrate the utility of GC-Tmmc for studies of adsorption, we apply the method to various systems including cylindrical pores and a crystalline adsorbent to compute various properties and compare results to previously published data. Our results demonstrate that the GC-TMMC method efficiently yields adsorption isotherms and high-quality properties of adsorptive systems and can be straightforwardly applied to more complex fluids and adsorbent materials.
C1 [Siderius, Daniel W.; Shen, Vincent K.] NIST, Div Chem Sci, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Siderius, DW (reprint author), NIST, Div Chem Sci, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM daniel.siderius@nist.gov
FU National Research Council at the National Institute of Standards and
Technology
FX D.W.S. acknowledges the financial support from a National Research
Council postdoctoral research associateship at the National Institute of
Standards and Technology.
NR 88
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PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1932-7447
J9 J PHYS CHEM C
JI J. Phys. Chem. C
PD MAR 21
PY 2013
VL 117
IS 11
BP 5861
EP 5872
DI 10.1021/jp400480q
PG 12
WC Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science,
Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science
GA 114WF
UT WOS:000316773000041
ER
PT J
AU Wu, H
Yildirim, T
Zhou, W
AF Wu, Hui
Yildirim, Taner
Zhou, Wei
TI Exceptional Mechanical Stability of Highly Porous Zirconium
Metal-Organic Framework UiO-66 and Its Important Implications
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID METHANE STORAGE; CRYSTAL; STABILIZATION; CHEMISTRY; FUTURE
AB Metal organic frameworks (MOFs) with high porosity usually exhibit weak mechanical stabilities, in particular, rather low stabilities against shear stress. This limitation remains one of the bottlenecks for certain applications of porous MOFs, such as gas storage or separation that requires dense packing of the MOP powders under mechanical compression without collapsing the pores. We found that UiO-66, a prototypical Zr-MOF with high porosity, exhibits unusually high shear stability. Its minimal shear modulus (G(min) = 13.7 GPa) is an order of magnitude higher than those of other benchmark highly porous MOFs (e.g., MOF-5, ZIF-8, HKUST-1), approaching that of zeolites. Our analysis clearly shows that the exceptional mechanical stability of UiO-66 is due to its high framework connections (i.e., the high degree of coordination of Zr-O metal centers to the organic linkers). Our work thus provides important guidelines for developing new porous MOFs targeting at high mechanical stabilities.
C1 [Wu, Hui; Yildirim, Taner; Zhou, Wei] NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Wu, Hui; Zhou, Wei] Univ Maryland, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Yildirim, Taner] Univ Penn, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
RP Zhou, W (reprint author), NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM wzhou@nist.gov
RI Wu, Hui/C-6505-2008; Zhou, Wei/C-6504-2008; yildirim, taner/A-1290-2009
OI Wu, Hui/0000-0003-0296-5204; Zhou, Wei/0000-0002-5461-3617;
FU DOE BES [DE-FG02-08 ER 46522]
FX We thank Dr. John J. Rush for his critical reading of this manuscript.
T.Y. acknowledges partial support from the DOE BES grant no. DE-FG02-08
ER 46522.
NR 38
TC 83
Z9 83
U1 28
U2 221
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1948-7185
J9 J PHYS CHEM LETT
JI J. Phys. Chem. Lett.
PD MAR 21
PY 2013
VL 4
IS 6
BP 925
EP 930
DI 10.1021/jz4002345
PG 6
WC Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science,
Multidisciplinary; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science;
Physics
GA 114WE
UT WOS:000316772900014
PM 26291357
ER
PT J
AU Safronova, MS
Safronova, UI
Porsev, SG
AF Safronova, M. S.
Safronova, U. I.
Porsev, S. G.
TI Polarizabilities, Stark shifts, and lifetimes of the In atom
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A
LA English
DT Article
ID LOW-LYING LEVELS; THALLIUM; AMPLITUDES
AB We evaluate the polarizabilities of the 5p(1/2), 6s, 6p(1/2), and 6p(3/2) states of In using two high-precision relativistic methods: the linearized coupled-cluster approach, where single, double, and partial triple excitations of the Dirac-Fock wave function are included to all orders of perturbation theory, and an approach that combines the configuration interaction and the coupled-cluster method. An extensive comparison of the accuracy of these methods is carried out. The uncertainties of all recommended values are evaluated. Our result for the 6s-5p(1/2) Stark shift is in excellent agreement with a recent measurement [Ranjit et al., Phys. Rev. A 87, 032506 (2013)]. Combining our calculation with this precision measurement allows us to infer the values of the 6p(1/2) and 6p(3/2) lifetimes in In with 0.8% accuracy. Our predictions for the 6p(3/2) scalar and tensor polarizabilities may be combined with the future measurement of the 6s-6p(3/2) Stark shift to accurately determine the 5d(j)-6p(j') matrix elements. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevA.87.032513
C1 [Safronova, M. S.; Porsev, S. G.] Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
[Safronova, M. S.] NIST, Joint Quantum Inst, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Safronova, M. S.] Univ Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Safronova, U. I.] Univ Nevada, Dept Phys, Reno, NV 89557 USA.
[Safronova, U. I.] Univ Notre Dame, Dept Phys, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA.
[Porsev, S. G.] Petersburg Nucl Phys Inst, Gatchina 188300, Leningrad Distr, Russia.
RP Safronova, MS (reprint author), Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
EM msafrono@physics.udel.edu
FU NSF [PHY-1068699]; US NSF [PHY-1068699]; RFBR [11-02-00943]
FX We thank P. K. Majumder for bringing this problem to our attention and
for helpful discussions. We thank M. G. Kozlov for discussion of the CI+
all-order calculations and construction of the CI spaces and A.
Borschevsky for providing unpublished CCSD and CCSD(T) values for the
In+ core polarizabilities. The work of M.S.S was supported in
part by NSF Grant No. PHY-1068699. The work of S.G.P. was supported in
part by US NSF Grant No. PHY-1068699 and RFBR Grant No. 11-02-00943.
NR 29
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U1 0
U2 9
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1050-2947
EI 1094-1622
J9 PHYS REV A
JI Phys. Rev. A
PD MAR 21
PY 2013
VL 87
IS 3
AR 032513
DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.87.032513
PG 7
WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Optics; Physics
GA 110AB
UT WOS:000316412900002
ER
PT J
AU Artuso, RD
Bryant, GW
AF Artuso, Ryan D.
Bryant, Garnett W.
TI Quantum dot-quantum dot interactions mediated by a metal nanoparticle:
Towards a fully quantum model
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID EXCITON-PLASMON INTERACTION; HYBRID EXCITONS
AB We study the interactions between two semiconductor quantum dots (SQDs) coupled to a metal nanoparticle using different approximations. In particular, we identify and address issues in modeling the system using a semiclassical approach. We find that a semiclassical approach to model the coupling between the SQDs can lead to unstable, oscillatory, and chaotic behavior in a strong SQD-SQD coupling regime. This nonlinear behavior is shown to be due to a breaking of the identical particle symmetry. Additionally, we see that this chaotic behavior is closely related to the type of decoherence present in the system, specifically, whether the decoherence is collective or noncollective between the two SQDs. This provides insight into proper accounting of these important, but often neglected, interactions. When the system is modeled using a more quantum mechanical approach, this chaotic regime is absent. Finally, we compare the two models on a system with a strong plasmon-mediated interaction between the SQDs and a weak direct interaction between them. In this case, we find that while the results of the two models are similar, dipole blockade and the level splitting of the single-exciton states in the quantum model give rise to nontrivial differences between the two models. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevB.87.125423
C1 [Artuso, Ryan D.] NIST, Joint Quantum Inst, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
NIST, Quantum Measurement Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Artuso, RD (reprint author), NIST, Joint Quantum Inst, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM ryan.artuso@nist.gov
NR 34
TC 20
Z9 20
U1 1
U2 57
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 2469-9950
EI 2469-9969
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD MAR 21
PY 2013
VL 87
IS 12
AR 125423
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.87.125423
PG 11
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 110AY
UT WOS:000316415500007
ER
PT J
AU Anderson, MJ
Tolimieri, N
Millar, RB
AF Anderson, Marti J.
Tolimieri, Nick
Millar, Russell B.
TI Beta Diversity of Demersal Fish Assemblages in the North-Eastern
Pacific: Interactions of Latitude and Depth
SO PLOS ONE
LA English
DT Article
ID DEEP-SEA; SPECIES-RICHNESS; GROUNDFISH ASSEMBLAGES; HABITAT
HETEROGENEITY; SPATIAL-PATTERNS; SCALE PATTERNS; TAXONOMIC DISTINCTNESS;
BIODIVERSITY HOTSPOTS; BENTHIC BIODIVERSITY; MEDITERRANEAN SEA
AB Knowledge of broad-scale global patterns in beta diversity (i.e., variation or turnover in identities of species) for marine systems is in its infancy. We analysed the beta diversity of groundfish communities along the North American Pacific coast, from trawl data spanning 32.57 degrees N to 48.52 degrees N and 51 m to 1200 m depth. Analyses were based on both the Jaccard measure and the probabilistic Raup-Crick measure, which accounts for variation in alpha diversity. Overall, beta diversity decreased with depth, and this effect was strongest at lower latitudes. Superimposed on this trend were peaks in beta diversity at around 400-600 m and also around 1000-1200 m, which may indicate high turnover around the edges of the oxygen minimum zone. Beta diversity was also observed to decrease with latitude, but this effect was only observed in shallower waters (<200 m); latitudinal turnover began to disappear at depths >800 m. At shallower depths (, 200 m), peaks in latitudinal turnover were observed at similar to 43 degrees N, 39 degrees N, 35 degrees N and 31 degrees N, which corresponded well with several classically observed oceanographic boundaries. Turnover with depth was stronger than latitudinal turnover, and is likely to reflect strong environmental filtering over relatively short distances. Patterns in beta diversity, including latitude-by-depth interactions, should be integrated with other biodiversity measures in ecosystem-based management and conservation of groundfish communities.
C1 [Anderson, Marti J.] Massey Univ, New Zealand Inst Adv Study, Auckland, New Zealand.
[Tolimieri, Nick] Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Northwest Fisheries Sci Ctr, Conservat Biol Div, Seattle, WA USA.
[Millar, Russell B.] Univ Auckland, Dept Stat, Auckland 1, New Zealand.
RP Anderson, MJ (reprint author), Massey Univ, New Zealand Inst Adv Study, Auckland, New Zealand.
EM m.j.anderson@massey.ac.nz
FU Royal Society of New Zealand Marsden Grant [MAU0713]
FX M.J. Anderson was supported by a Royal Society of New Zealand Marsden
Grant no. MAU0713. The funders had no role in study design, data
collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the
manuscript.
NR 89
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U1 3
U2 48
PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA
SN 1932-6203
J9 PLOS ONE
JI PLoS One
PD MAR 19
PY 2013
VL 8
IS 3
AR e57918
DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0057918
PG 15
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 125SR
UT WOS:000317562100018
PM 23526960
ER
PT J
AU Hoef, JMV
Temesgen, H
AF Hoef, Jay M. Ver
Temesgen, Hailemariam
TI A Comparison of the Spatial Linear Model to Nearest Neighbor (k-NN)
Methods for Forestry Applications
SO PLOS ONE
LA English
DT Article
ID ESTIMATING BASAL-AREA; REMOTELY-SENSED DATA; SATELLITE IMAGERY; MULTIPLE
IMPUTATION; COVARIANCE PARAMETERS; NONPARAMETRIC METHODS; PREDICTION
ERROR; ATTRIBUTES; INVENTORY; GEOSTATISTICS
AB Forest surveys provide critical information for many diverse interests. Data are often collected from samples, and from these samples, maps of resources and estimates of aerial totals or averages are required. In this paper, two approaches for mapping and estimating totals; the spatial linear model (SLM) and k-NN (k-Nearest Neighbor) are compared, theoretically, through simulations, and as applied to real forestry data. While both methods have desirable properties, a review shows that the SLM has prediction optimality properties, and can be quite robust. Simulations of artificial populations and resamplings of real forestry data show that the SLM has smaller empirical root-mean-squared prediction errors (RMSPE) for a wide variety of data types, with generally less bias and better interval coverage than k-NN. These patterns held for both point predictions and for population totals or averages, with the SLM reducing RMSPE from 9% to 67% over some popular k-NN methods, with SLM also more robust to spatially imbalanced sampling. Estimating prediction standard errors remains a problem for k-NN predictors, despite recent attempts using model-based methods. Our conclusions are that the SLM should generally be used rather than k-NN if the goal is accurate mapping or estimation of population totals or averages.
C1 [Hoef, Jay M. Ver] NOAA Fisheries, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
[Temesgen, Hailemariam] Oregon State Univ, Coll Forestry, Dept Forest Engn Resources & Management, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
RP Hoef, JMV (reprint author), NOAA Fisheries, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
EM jay.verhoef@noaa.gov
OI Ver Hoef, Jay/0000-0003-4302-6895
FU Alaska Fisheries Science Center of National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration (NOAA) Fisheries
FX This project received financial support from Alaska Fisheries Science
Center of National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)
Fisheries. The findings and conclusions in the paper are those of the
author(s) and do not necessarily represent the views of the National
Marine Fisheries Service, NOAA. Any use of trade names is for
description purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S.
Government. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and
analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.
NR 68
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PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA
SN 1932-6203
J9 PLOS ONE
JI PLoS One
PD MAR 19
PY 2013
VL 8
IS 3
AR e59129
DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0059129
PG 13
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 125SR
UT WOS:000317562100080
ER
PT J
AU Kanter, D
Mauzerall, DL
Ravishankara, AR
Daniel, JS
Portmann, RW
Grabiel, PM
Moomaw, WR
Galloway, JN
AF Kanter, David
Mauzerall, Denise L.
Ravishankara, A. R.
Daniel, John S.
Portmann, Robert W.
Grabiel, Peter M.
Moomaw, William R.
Galloway, James N.
TI A post-Kyoto partner: Considering the stratospheric ozone regime as a
tool to manage nitrous oxide
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF
AMERICA
LA English
DT Article
DE climate gases; nitrogen cycle; stratospheric ozone depletion; global
environmental governance
ID N2O; MITIGATION; EFFICIENCY; OPTIONS; CLIMATE; MANURE; CYCLE
AB Nitrous oxide (N2O) is the largest known remaining anthropogenic threat to the stratospheric ozone layer. However, it is currently only regulated under the 1997 Kyoto Protocol because of its simultaneous ability to warm the climate. The threat N2O poses to the stratospheric ozone layer, coupled with the uncertain future of the international climate regime, motivates our exploration of issues that could be relevant to the Parties to the ozone regime (the 1985 Vienna Convention and its 1987 Montreal Protocol) should they decide to take measures to manage N2O in the future. There are clear legal avenues to regulate N2O under the ozone regime as well as several ways to share authority with the existing and future international climate treaties. N2O mitigation strategies exist to address the most significant anthropogenic sources, including agriculture, where behavioral practices and new technologies could contribute significantly to reducing emissions. Existing policies managing N2O and other forms of reactive nitrogen could be harnessed and built on by the ozone regime to implement N2O controls. There are several challenges and potential cobenefits to N2O control which we discuss here: food security, equity, and implications of the nitrogen cascade. The possible inclusion of N2O in the ozone regime need not be viewed as a sign of failure of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change to adequately deal with climate change. Rather, it could represent an additional valuable tool in sustainable development diplomacy.
C1 [Kanter, David; Mauzerall, Denise L.] Princeton Univ, Woodrow Wilson Sch Publ & Int Affairs, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
[Mauzerall, Denise L.] Princeton Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
[Ravishankara, A. R.; Daniel, John S.; Portmann, Robert W.] NOAA, Div Chem Sci, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Moomaw, William R.] Tufts Univ, Fletcher Sch, Medford, MA 02155 USA.
[Galloway, James N.] Univ Virginia, Dept Environm Sci, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA.
RP Ravishankara, AR (reprint author), NOAA, Div Chem Sci, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM a.r.ravishankara@noaa.gov
RI Ravishankara, Akkihebbal/A-2914-2011; Mauzerall, Denise/I-5977-2013;
Dailey-Fisher, Debra/I-6725-2013; Daniel, John/D-9324-2011; Portmann,
Robert/C-4903-2009; Manager, CSD Publications/B-2789-2015
OI Mauzerall, Denise/0000-0003-3479-1798; Portmann,
Robert/0000-0002-0279-6087;
NR 59
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U2 74
PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA
SN 0027-8424
J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA
JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A.
PD MAR 19
PY 2013
VL 110
IS 12
BP 4451
EP 4457
DI 10.1073/pnas.1222231110
PG 7
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 125EK
UT WOS:000317521600021
PM 23440192
ER
PT J
AU Bertin, MJ
Moeller, P
Guillette, LJ
Chapman, RW
AF Bertin, Matthew J.
Moeller, Peter
Guillette, Louis J., Jr.
Chapman, Robert W.
TI Using Machine Learning Tools to Model Complex Toxic Interactions with
Limited Sampling Regimes
SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID FATTY-ACID AMIDES; PRYMNESIUM-PARVUM CARTER; SLEEP; MIXTURE; OLEAMIDE;
CELLS; DERIVATIVES; ASSAY; RATS
AB A major impediment to understanding the impact of environmental stress, including toxins and other pollutants, on organisms, is that organisms are rarely challenged by one or a few stressors in natural systems. Thus, linking laboratory experiments that are limited by practical considerations to a few stressors and a few levels of these stressors to real world conditions is constrained. In addition, while the existence of complex interactions among stressors can be identified by current statistical methods, these methods do not provide a means to construct mathematical models of these interactions. In this paper, we offer a two-step process by which complex interactions of stressors on biological systems can be modeled in an experimental design that is within the limits of practicality. We begin with the notion that environment conditions circumscribe an n-dimensional hyperspace within which biological processes or end points are embedded. We then randomly sample this hyperspace to establish experimental conditions that span the range of the relevant parameters and conduct the experiment(s) based upon these selected conditions. Models of the complex interactions of the parameters are then extracted using machine learning tools, specifically artificial neural networks. This approach can rapidly generate highly accurate models of biological responses to complex interactions among environmentally relevant toxins, identify critical subspaces where nonlinear responses exist, and provide an expedient means of designing traditional experiments to test the impact of complex mixtures on biological responses. Further, this can be accomplished with an astonishingly small sample size.
C1 [Bertin, Matthew J.; Guillette, Louis J., Jr.] Hollings Marine Lab, MUSC Marine Biomed & Environm Sci, Charleston, SC 29412 USA.
[Moeller, Peter] NOAA, Toxin Nat Prod Chem Program, Natl Ocean Serv, Hollings Marine Lab, Charleston, SC 29412 USA.
[Guillette, Louis J., Jr.] Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Charleston, SC 29425 USA.
[Chapman, Robert W.] Marine Resources Res Inst, South Carolina Dept Nat Resources, Charleston, SC 29412 USA.
[Chapman, Robert W.] Hollings Marine Lab, Charleston, SC 29412 USA.
RP Chapman, RW (reprint author), Marine Resources Res Inst, South Carolina Dept Nat Resources, Charleston, SC 29412 USA.
EM chapmanr@dnr.sc.gov
FU Center of Excellence in Oceans and Human Health; CoEE Center for Marine
Genomics at the Hollings Marine Laboratory
FX This work was supported in part by the Center of Excellence in Oceans
and Human Health and CoEE Center for Marine Genomics at the Hollings
Marine Laboratory. The manuscript is contribution number (704) to the
Marine Resources Division of the South Carolina Department of Natural
Resources. This publication does not constitute an endorsement of any
commercial product or intend to be an opinion beyond scientific or other
results obtained by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
(NOAA). No reference shall be made to NOAA, or this publication
furnished by NOAA, to any advertising or sales promotion that would
indicate or imply that NOAA recommends or endorses any proprietary
product mentioned herein, or that has as its purpose an interest to
cause the advertised product to be used or purchased because of this
publication.
NR 30
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U1 1
U2 11
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0013-936X
J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL
JI Environ. Sci. Technol.
PD MAR 19
PY 2013
VL 47
IS 6
BP 2728
EP 2736
DI 10.1021/es3033549
PG 9
WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 112LP
UT WOS:000316594000038
PM 23402624
ER
PT J
AU Laetz, CA
Baldwin, DH
Hebert, V
Stark, JD
Scholz, NL
AF Laetz, Cathy A.
Baldwin, David H.
Hebert, Vincent
Stark, John D.
Scholz, Nathaniel L.
TI Interactive Neurobehavioral Toxicity of Diazinon, Malathion, and
Ethoprop to Juvenile Coho Salmon
SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID RAINBOW-TROUT; CHOLINESTERASE INHIBITION; BEHAVIORAL IMPAIRMENT;
PESTICIDE MIXTURES; RISK-ASSESSMENT; CHLORPYRIFOS; ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE;
EXPOSURE; CARBARYL; POTENTIATION
AB In western North America, mixtures of current use pesticides have been widely detected in streams and other aquatic habitats for threatened and endangered Pacific salmon and steelhead (Oncorhynchus sp.). These include organophosphate insecticides that inhibit acetylcholinesterase (AChE) enzyme activity in the salmon nervous system, thereby disrupting swimming and feeding behaviors. Several organophosphates have been shown to interact as mixtures to produce synergistic AChE inhibition at concentrations near or above the upper range of surface water detections in freshwater systems. To evaluate potential synergism at lower concentrations (near or below 1 part per billion), juvenile coho (Oncorhynchus kisutch) were exposed to a range of mixtures of diazinon-malathion and ethoprop-malathion below a cumulative 0.05 of the predicted EC50 for AChE inhibition, as determined from single chemical concentration response curves. Brain enzyme inhibition was concentration-dependent, with a 90% reduction and a significant decrease in spontaneous swimming speed at the highest binary mixture concentrations evaluated (diazinon-malathion at 2.6 and 1.1 mu g/L, respectively; ethoprop-malathion at 2.8 and 1.2 mu g/L, respectively). Brain enzyme activity gradually recovered over six weeks. Our findings extend earlier observations of organophosphate synergism in salmon and reveal an unusually steep concentration response relationship across a mere 2-fold increase in mixture concentration.
C1 [Laetz, Cathy A.; Baldwin, David H.; Scholz, Nathaniel L.] NOAA, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
[Hebert, Vincent] Washington State Univ TriCities, Food & Environm Qual Lab, Richland, WA 99354 USA.
[Stark, John D.] Washington State Univ, Dept Entomol, Ecotoxicol Program, Puyallup Res & Extens Ctr, Puyallup, WA 98371 USA.
RP Laetz, CA (reprint author), NOAA, Environm Conservat Div, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, 2725 Montlake Blvd E, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
EM laetz@noaa.gov
RI Scholz, Nathaniel/L-1642-2013
OI Scholz, Nathaniel/0000-0001-6207-0272
FU NOAA's Office of Protected Resources; NOAA Coastal Storms Program
FX We thank Taryn Haffner, Phyllis Ying, Tiffany Linbo, Child Jack,
Elizabeth Culbert, and Jane LePage for their valuable assistance. Sunny
Snider, Scott Hecht, and Tony Hawkes provided helpful comments on the
draft manuscript. Funding was provided by NOAA's Office of Protected
Resources and the NOAA Coastal Storms Program.
NR 35
TC 12
Z9 13
U1 1
U2 39
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0013-936X
J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL
JI Environ. Sci. Technol.
PD MAR 19
PY 2013
VL 47
IS 6
BP 2925
EP 2931
DI 10.1021/es305058y
PG 7
WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 112LP
UT WOS:000316594000063
PM 23409965
ER
PT J
AU Hartmann, JM
Sironneau, V
Boulet, C
Svensson, T
Hodges, JT
Xu, CT
AF Hartmann, J. -M.
Sironneau, V.
Boulet, C.
Svensson, T.
Hodges, J. T.
Xu, C. T.
TI Collisional broadening and spectral shapes of absorption lines of free
and nanopore-confined O-2 gas
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A
LA English
DT Article
ID OXYGEN A-BAND; CONSTRAINED MULTISPECTRUM ANALYSIS; MERCURY POROSIMETRY;
SIZE DISTRIBUTIONS; SPEED DEPENDENCE; SPECTROSCOPY; PARAMETERS; WATER;
PORE; CO2
AB This paper presents fully ab initio calculations of the broadenings and spectral shapes of O-2 infrared absorption lines in a free gas and when confined in nanoporous media. These calculations are performed, without use of any adjusted parameter, using a recently proposed approach [Phys. Rev. A 87, 013403 (2013)] that is based on requantized classical molecular-dynamics simulations. This involves studying the time evolutions of the translational and rotational motions of large numbers of molecules taking molecule-molecule and molecule-surface collisions into account through realistic interaction potentials. These simulations enable predictions of dipole autocorrelation functions whose Fourier-Laplace transforms yield the associated spectra. Comparisons are then made with broadening coefficients and line shapes provided by new and previous experiments. The good agreement between calculated and measured results confirms the veracity of the proposed model for a free gas and shows that the effects of confinement, which induce significant modifications to the line shapes, are correctly predicted. The need for improved characterization of the shape and size of pores in random nanoporous media is highlighted. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevA.87.032510
C1 [Hartmann, J. -M.] Univ Paris Est Creteil, Lab Interuniv Syst Atmospher, CNRS, UMR 7583, F-94010 Creteil, France.
[Hartmann, J. -M.] Univ Paris Est Creteil, Inst PS Laplace, Univ Paris Diderot, F-94010 Creteil, France.
[Sironneau, V.; Hodges, J. T.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Div Chem Sci, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Boulet, C.] CNRS, UMR 8214, Inst Sci Mol Orsay, F-91405 Orsay, France.
[Boulet, C.] Univ Paris 11, F-91405 Orsay, France.
[Svensson, T.] European Lab Nonlinear Spect LENS, I-50019 Florence, Italy.
[Xu, C. T.] Lund Univ, Dept Phys, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden.
RP Hartmann, JM (reprint author), Univ Paris Est Creteil, Lab Interuniv Syst Atmospher, CNRS, UMR 7583, F-94010 Creteil, France.
EM jean-michel.hartmann@lisa.u-pec.fr
FU NIST Greenhouse Gas; Climate Science measurements Program; Swedish
Research Council
FX J.-M.H. thanks the Institut du Developpement et des Ressources en
Informatique Scientifique (IDRIS) for giving access to the IBM Blue
Gene/P parallel computer. J.T.H. and V.S. were supported by the NIST
Greenhouse Gas and Climate Science measurements Program. T.S.
acknowledges funding from the Swedish Research Council.
NR 64
TC 26
Z9 28
U1 2
U2 28
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 2469-9926
EI 2469-9934
J9 PHYS REV A
JI Phys. Rev. A
PD MAR 19
PY 2013
VL 87
IS 3
AR 032510
DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.87.032510
PG 10
WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Optics; Physics
GA 108TO
UT WOS:000316319300006
ER
PT J
AU Ruiz-Cooley, RI
Ballance, LT
McCarthy, MD
AF Ruiz-Cooley, Rocio I.
Ballance, Lisa T.
McCarthy, Matthew D.
TI Range Expansion of the Jumbo Squid in the NE Pacific: delta N-15
Decrypts Multiple Origins, Migration and Habitat Use
SO PLOS ONE
LA English
DT Article
ID NITROGEN ISOTOPIC COMPOSITION; DOSIDICUS-GIGAS CEPHALOPODA; NORTH
PACIFIC; TROPHIC RELATIONSHIPS; CALIFORNIA CURRENT; SUBTROPICAL GYRE;
AMINO-ACIDS; OMMASTREPHIDAE; VARIABILITY; DELTA-C-13
AB Coincident with climate shifts and anthropogenic perturbations, the highly voracious jumbo squid Dosidicus gigas reached unprecedented northern latitudes along the NE Pacific margin post 1997-98. The physical or biological drivers of this expansion, as well as its ecological consequences remain unknown. Here, novel analysis from both bulk tissues and individual amino acids (Phenylalanine; Phe and Glutamic acid; Glu) in both gladii and muscle of D. gigas captured in the Northern California Current System (NCCS) documents for the first time multiple geographic origins and migration. Phe delta N-15 values, a proxy for habitat baseline delta N-15 values, confirm at least three different geographic origins that were initially detected by highly variable bulk delta N-15 values in gladii for squid at small sizes (< 30 cm gladii length). In contrast, bulk delta N-15 values from gladii of large squid (> 60 cm) converged, indicating feeding in a common ecosystem. The strong latitudinal gradient in Phe delta N-15 values from composite muscle samples further confirmed residency at a point in time for large squid in the NCCS. These results contrast with previous ideas, and indicate that small squid are highly migratory, move into the NCCS from two or more distinct geographic origins, and use this ecosystem mainly for feeding. These results represent the first direct information on the origins, immigration and habitat use of this key "invasive'' predator in the NCCS, with wide implications for understanding both the mechanisms of periodic D. gigas population range expansions, and effects on ecosystem trophic structure.
C1 [Ruiz-Cooley, Rocio I.] NOAA, Natl Res Council, La Jolla, CA USA.
[Ruiz-Cooley, Rocio I.; Ballance, Lisa T.] NOAA, Southwest Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, La Jolla, CA USA.
[Ruiz-Cooley, Rocio I.; McCarthy, Matthew D.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Ocean Sci Dept, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
RP Ruiz-Cooley, RI (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Ocean Sci Dept, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
EM rcooley@ucsc.edu
NR 46
TC 17
Z9 19
U1 1
U2 21
PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA
SN 1932-6203
J9 PLOS ONE
JI PLoS One
PD MAR 18
PY 2013
VL 8
IS 3
AR e59651
DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0059651
PG 7
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 109ZS
UT WOS:000316411600072
PM 23527242
ER
PT J
AU Reiswig, HM
Stone, RP
AF Reiswig, Henry M.
Stone, Robert P.
TI New glass sponges (Porifera: Hexactinellida) from deep waters of the
central Aleutian Islands, Alaska
SO ZOOTAXA
LA English
DT Article
DE new genus; new species; deep-sea sponges; Farreidae; Euretidae;
Tretodictyidae; Euplectellidae; Rossellidae
ID SP-NOV PORIFERA; PACIFIC-OCEAN; TRETODICTYIDAE; HEXACTINOSIDA;
DEMOSPONGIAE; USA
AB Hexactinellida from deep-water communities of the central Aleutian Islands, Alaska, are described. They were mostly collected by the remotely operated vehicle 'Jason II' from 494-2311 m depths during a 2004 RV 'Roger Revelle' expedition, but one shallow-water species collected with a shrimp trawl from 155 m in the same area is included. The excellent condition of the ROV-collected specimens enabled valuable redescription of some species previously known only from badly damaged specimens. New taxa include one new genus and eight new species in five families. Farreidae consist of two new species, Farrea aleutiana and F. aspondyla. Euretidae consists of only Pinulasma fistulosum n. gen., n. sp. Tretodictyidae include only Tretodictyum amchitkensis n. sp. Euplectellidae consists of only the widespread species Regadrella okinoseana Ijima, reported here over 3,700 km from its closest previously known occurrence. The most diverse family, Rossellidae, consists of Aulosaccus ijimai (Schulze), Aulosaccus schulzei Ijima, Bathydorus sp. (young stage not determinable to species), Caulophacus (Caulophacus) adakensis n. sp., Acanthascus koltuni n. sp., Staurocalyptus psilosus n. sp., Staurocalyptus tylotus n. sp. and Rhabdocalyptus mirabilis Schulze. We present argument for reinstatement of the abolished rossellid subfamily Acanthascinae and return of the subgenera Staurocalyptus Ijima and Rhabdocalyptus Schulze to their previous generic status. These fauna provides important complexity to the hard substrate communities that likely serve as nursery areas for the young stages of commercially important fish and crab species, refuge from predation for both young and adult stages, and also as a focal source of prey for juvenile and adult stages of those same species.
C1 [Reiswig, Henry M.] Univ Victoria, Dept Biol, Victoria, BC V8W 3N5, Canada.
[Reiswig, Henry M.] Royal British Columbia Museum, Nat Hist Sect, Victoria, BC V8W 3N5, Canada.
[Stone, Robert P.] NOAA Fisheries, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Auke Bay Labs, Juneau, AK 99801 USA.
RP Reiswig, HM (reprint author), Univ Victoria, Dept Biol, Victoria, BC V8W 3N5, Canada.
EM hmreiswig@shaw.ca; bob.stone@noaa.gov
FU Natural Sciences and Engineering Council, Canada; NOAA's Undersea
Research Program; National Marine Fisheries Service, Alaska Fisheries
Science Center
FX We thank the crews of the R/V 'Roger Revelle' and R/V 'Velero IV' and
pilots of the ROV 'Jason II' whose skills and patience provided for
collection of these interesting animals. Brent Gowen and Elaine Humphrey
provided assistance in use of SEM instruments at the University of
Victoria Biology Department and Advanced Microscopy Facility. Three
reviewers are thanked for their valuable comments and suggestions, even
though some were not followed. A Discovery Grant from Natural Sciences
and Engineering Council, Canada, NOAA's Undersea Research Program and
the National Marine Fisheries Service, Alaska Fisheries Science Center,
funded this project. The findings and conclusions in the paper are those
of the author(s) and do not necessarily represent the views of the
National Marine Fisheries Service.
NR 60
TC 7
Z9 8
U1 2
U2 28
PU MAGNOLIA PRESS
PI AUCKLAND
PA PO BOX 41383, AUCKLAND, ST LUKES 1030, NEW ZEALAND
SN 1175-5326
EI 1175-5334
J9 ZOOTAXA
JI Zootaxa
PD MAR 18
PY 2013
VL 3628
IS 1
BP 1
EP +
PG 63
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA 106VN
UT WOS:000316172900001
PM 25325089
ER
PT J
AU Lenaerts, JTM
van Angelen, JH
van den Broeke, MR
Gardner, AS
Wouters, B
van Meijgaard, E
AF Lenaerts, Jan T. M.
van Angelen, Jan H.
van den Broeke, Michiel R.
Gardner, Alex S.
Wouters, Bert
van Meijgaard, Erik
TI Irreversible mass loss of Canadian Arctic Archipelago glaciers
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE Canadian Arctic Archipelago; regional atmospheric climate modelling; sea
level rise
ID SEA-LEVEL RISE; ICE CAPS; REANALYSIS; BALANCE
AB The Canadian Arctic Archipelago (CAA) contains the largest volume of glacier ice on Earth outside of Antarctica and Greenland. In the absence of significant calving, CAA glacier mass balance is governed by the difference between surface snow accumulation and meltwater runoffsurface mass balance. Here we use a coupled atmosphere/snow model to simulate present-day and 21st century CAA glacier surface mass balance. Through comparison with Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment mass anomalies and in situ observations, we show that the model is capable of representing present-day CAA glacier mass loss, as well as the dynamics of the seasonal snow cover on the CAA tundra. Next, we force this model until 2100 with a moderate climate warming scenario (AR5 RCP4.5). We show that enhanced meltwater runoff from CAA glaciers is not sufficiently compensated by increased snowfall. Extrapolation of these results toward an AR5 multimodel ensemble results in sustained 21st century CAA glacier mass loss in the vast majority (>99%) of the similar to 7000 temperature realizations.
C1 [Lenaerts, Jan T. M.; van Angelen, Jan H.; van den Broeke, Michiel R.] Inst Marine & Atmospher Res Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands.
[Gardner, Alex S.] Clark Univ, Grad Sch Geog, Worcester, MA 01610 USA.
[Wouters, Bert] Univ Colorado, NOAA, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[van Meijgaard, Erik] Royal Netherlands Meteorol Inst, NL-3730 AE De Bilt, Netherlands.
RP Lenaerts, JTM (reprint author), Univ Utrecht, Inst Marine & Atmospher Res Utrecht, 5 Princetonpl, NL-3584 CC Utrecht, Netherlands.
EM jtmlenaerts@gmail.com
RI Van den Broeke, Michiel/F-7867-2011; Lenaerts, Jan/D-9423-2012;
OI Van den Broeke, Michiel/0000-0003-4662-7565; Lenaerts,
Jan/0000-0003-4309-4011; Wouters, Bert/0000-0002-1086-2435; Gardner,
Alex/0000-0002-8394-8889
FU European Union [226375]
FX We thank Geert Jan van Oldenborgh (Royal Netherlands Meteorological
Institute) for making available the CMIP5 model data. This work was
supported by funding from the ice2sea program from the European Union
7th Framework Programme, grant 226375. Ice2sea contribution number 110.
NR 19
TC 28
Z9 29
U1 4
U2 23
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD MAR 16
PY 2013
VL 40
IS 5
BP 870
EP 874
DI 10.1002/grl.50214
PG 5
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 134VG
UT WOS:000318242900013
ER
PT J
AU Tanhua, T
Waugh, DW
Bullister, JL
AF Tanhua, Toste
Waugh, Darryn W.
Bullister, John L.
TI Estimating changes in ocean ventilation from early 1990s CFC-12 and late
2000s SF6 measurements
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE transient tracers; ocean ventilation; repeat hydrography
ID MERIDIONAL OVERTURNING CIRCULATION; SULFUR-HEXAFLUORIDE; TRANSIENT
TRACER; DECADAL CHANGES; PACIFIC-OCEAN; WATER; AGES; DISTRIBUTIONS;
SEAWATER; CHLOROFLUOROCARBON-11
AB Transient tracer measurements can constrain the rates and pathways of ocean ventilation and act as proxies for biogeochemically relevant gases such as CO2 and oxygen. Various techniques have deduced changes in ocean ventilation over decadal timescales using transient tracer measurements made on repeat sections, but these require a priori assumptions about mixing in the ocean interior. Here, we introduce a simple, direct observational method that takes advantage of the similar atmospheric increase rates of chlorofluorocarbon-12 and sulfur hexafluoride, but with a time lag (offset) of 1415 years. Such repeat measurements can be directly compared without prior assumptions about mixing. A difference larger than similar to 2 years between modern sulfur hexafluoride and historical chlorofluorocarbon-12 tracer ages implies a change in ventilation, although lack of difference does not necessarily imply no change. Several tracer data sets are presented, which suggest changes in ventilation in the South Pacific and North Atlantic Oceans.
C1 [Tanhua, Toste] GEOMAR Helmholtz Ctr Ocean Res Kiel, D-24105 Kiel, Germany.
[Waugh, Darryn W.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.
[Bullister, John L.] NOAA, Pacific Marine Environm Lab, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
RP Tanhua, T (reprint author), GEOMAR Helmholtz Ctr Ocean Res Kiel, Dusternbrooker Weg 20, D-24105 Kiel, Germany.
EM ttanhua@geomar.de
RI Waugh, Darryn/K-3688-2016
OI Waugh, Darryn/0000-0001-7692-2798
NR 30
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 6
U2 30
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD MAR 16
PY 2013
VL 40
IS 5
BP 927
EP 932
DI 10.1002/grl.50251
PG 6
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 134VG
UT WOS:000318242900023
ER
PT J
AU Waxman, EM
Dzepina, K
Ervens, B
Lee-Taylor, J
Aumont, B
Jimenez, JL
Madronich, S
Volkamer, R
AF Waxman, Eleanor M.
Dzepina, Katja
Ervens, Barbara
Lee-Taylor, Julia
Aumont, Bernard
Jimenez, Jose L.
Madronich, Sasha
Volkamer, Rainer
TI Secondary organic aerosol formation from semi- and
intermediate-volatility organic compounds and glyoxal: Relevance of O/C
as a tracer for aqueous multiphase chemistry
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE Glyoxal; Aqueous-phase processing; Organic aerosol; O; C ratio;
Secondary Organic Aerosol; S; IVOC
ID SOA FORMATION; MEXICO-CITY; AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; MCMA-2003 CAMPAIGN;
MASS-SPECTROMETRY; EXPLICIT MODEL; OH OXIDATION; EVOLUTION; PHASE;
PARTICLES
AB The role of aqueous multiphase chemistry in the formation of secondary organic aerosol (SOA) remains difficult to quantify. We investigate it here by testing the rapid formation of moderate oxygen-to-carbon (O/C) SOA during a case study in Mexico City. A novel laboratory-based glyoxal-SOA mechanism is applied to the field data, and explains why less gas-phase glyoxal mass is observed than predicted. Furthermore, we compare an explicit gas-phase chemical mechanism for SOA formation from semi- and intermediate-volatility organic compounds (S/IVOCs) with empirical parameterizations of S/IVOC aging. The mechanism representing our current understanding of chemical kinetics of S/IVOC oxidation combined with traditional SOA sources and mixing of background SOA underestimates the observed O/C by a factor of two at noon. Inclusion of glyoxal-SOA with O/C of 1.5 brings O/C predictions within measurement uncertainty, suggesting that field observations can be reconciled on reasonable time scales using laboratory-based empirical relationships for aqueous chemistry.
C1 [Waxman, Eleanor M.; Jimenez, Jose L.; Volkamer, Rainer] Univ Colorado, Dept Chem & Biochem, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Waxman, Eleanor M.; Ervens, Barbara; Jimenez, Jose L.; Volkamer, Rainer] Univ Colorado, CIRES, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Dzepina, Katja] Michigan Technol Univ, Dept Chem, Houghton, MI 49931 USA.
[Ervens, Barbara] NOAA ESRL, Div Chem Sci, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Lee-Taylor, Julia; Madronich, Sasha] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80307 USA.
[Aumont, Bernard] Univ Paris Est Creteil, UMR CNRS INSU 7583, LISA, Creteil, France.
[Aumont, Bernard] Univ Paris Diderot, Creteil, France.
RP Volkamer, R (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Dept Chem, 215 UCB, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
EM rainer.volkamer@colorado.edu
RI Jimenez, Jose/A-5294-2008; Waxman, Eleanor/K-4527-2013; Madronich,
Sasha/D-3284-2015; Dzepina, Katja/A-1372-2014; Lee-Taylor,
Julia/B-7409-2008; Volkamer, Rainer/B-8925-2016; Manager, CSD
Publications/B-2789-2015; Ervens, Barbara/D-5495-2013
OI Jimenez, Jose/0000-0001-6203-1847; Waxman, Eleanor/0000-0001-5045-8149;
Madronich, Sasha/0000-0003-0983-1313; Lee-Taylor,
Julia/0000-0003-0989-1113; Volkamer, Rainer/0000-0002-0899-1369; Ervens,
Barbara/0000-0002-6223-1635
FU NSF; US National Science Foundation [ATM-0847793]; US Department of
Energy, Office of Science [DE-SC0006080, DE-FG02-ER65323]; NOAA's
Climate Goal; National Science Foundation; French Ministry of Ecology,
Sustainable Development and Energy
FX E.M.W. is the recipient of an NSF graduate fellowship. R.V. acknowledges
financial support from US National Science Foundation CAREER award
(ATM-0847793), and US Department of Energy, Office of Science award
DE-SC0006080. B.E. acknowledges support from NOAA's Climate Goal. J.L.T.
and S.M. were supported in part by grant DE-FG02-ER65323 from the US
Department of Energy Office of Science. The National Center for
Atmospheric Research is sponsored by the National Science Foundation.
B.A. acknowledges support from the primequal program of the French
Ministry of Ecology, Sustainable Development and Energy. We thank P.
Ziemann for insightful discussions.
NR 36
TC 31
Z9 32
U1 7
U2 97
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
EI 1944-8007
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD MAR 16
PY 2013
VL 40
IS 5
BP 978
EP 982
DI 10.1002/grl.50203
PG 5
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 134VG
UT WOS:000318242900033
ER
PT J
AU Neely, RR
Toon, OB
Solomon, S
Vernier, JP
Alvarez, C
English, JM
Rosenlof, KH
Mills, MJ
Bardeen, CG
Daniel, JS
Thayer, JP
AF Neely, R. R., III
Toon, O. B.
Solomon, S.
Vernier, J. -P.
Alvarez, C.
English, J. M.
Rosenlof, K. H.
Mills, M. J.
Bardeen, C. G.
Daniel, J. S.
Thayer, J. P.
TI Recent anthropogenic increases in SO2 from Asia have minimal impact on
stratospheric aerosol
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE Stratosphere; Asian Monsoon; Volcanoes; WACCM
ID EVOLUTION; MODEL; LAYER; ANALOGS
AB Observations suggest that the optical depth of the stratospheric aerosol layer between 20 and 30km has increased 410% per year since 2000, which is significant for Earth's climate. Contributions to this increase both from moderate volcanic eruptions and from enhanced coal burning in Asia have been suggested. Current observations are insufficient to attribute the contribution of the different sources. Here we use a global climate model coupled to an aerosol microphysical model to partition the contribution of each. We employ model runs that include the increases in anthropogenic sulfur dioxide (SO2) over Asia and the moderate volcanic explosive injections of SO2 observed from 2000 to 2010. Comparison of the model results to observations reveals that moderate volcanic eruptions, rather than anthropogenic influences, are the primary source of the observed increases in stratospheric aerosol.
C1 [Neely, R. R., III; Toon, O. B.] Univ Colorado, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Neely, R. R., III; Alvarez, C.; Rosenlof, K. H.; Daniel, J. S.] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO USA.
[Neely, R. R., III; Alvarez, C.] Univ Colorado, NOAA, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Toon, O. B.] Univ Colorado, Lab Atmospher & Space Phys, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Solomon, S.] MIT, Dept Earth Atmospher & Planetary Sci, Cambridge, MA USA.
[Vernier, J. -P.] Sci Syst & Applicat Inc, Hampton, VA USA.
[Vernier, J. -P.] NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA 23665 USA.
[English, J. M.; Mills, M. J.; Bardeen, C. G.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Earth Syst Lab, Boulder, CO 80307 USA.
[Thayer, J. P.] Univ Colorado, Dept Aerosp Engn Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RP Neely, RR (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
EM Ryan.Neely@colorado.edu
RI Neely, Ryan/F-8702-2010; Daniel, John/D-9324-2011; Mills,
Michael/B-5068-2010; Rosenlof, Karen/B-5652-2008; English,
Jason/E-9365-2015; THAYER, JEFFREY P./B-7264-2016; Manager, CSD
Publications/B-2789-2015
OI Neely, Ryan/0000-0003-4560-4812; Mills, Michael/0000-0002-8054-1346;
Rosenlof, Karen/0000-0002-0903-8270; English, Jason/0000-0001-9700-6860;
THAYER, JEFFREY P./0000-0001-7127-8251;
FU NOAA/ESRL-CIRES Graduate Fellowship program; NASA [NNX09AK71G]; NSF
[AGS-1135446, ATM-0856007]; National Science Foundation [CNS-0821794];
University of Colorado Boulder
FX The modeling was completed and analyzed by R. R. Neely during his PhD
funded through the NOAA/ESRL-CIRES Graduate Fellowship program. The work
represented by this paper was also supported by NASA Award NNX09AK71G
and NSF grant ATM-0856007. J. P. Thayer was supported by NSF grant
AGS-1135446. The modeling was completed and analyzed by R. R. Neely
during his PhD and funded through the NOAA/ESRL-CIRES Graduate
Fellowship program. The work represented by this paper was also
supported by NASA Award NNX09AK71G and NSF grant ATM-0856007. J. P.
Thayer was supported by NSF grant AGS-1135446. This work utilized the
Janus supercomputer, which is supported by the National Science
Foundation (award number CNS-0821794) and the University of Colorado
Boulder. The Janus supercomputer is a joint effort of the University of
Colorado Boulder, the University of Colorado Denver, and the National
Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR). The NCAR is sponsored by the
National Science Foundation. The authors acknowledge the vision and
direction of the late D. Hofmann, which directly led to the experiment
and result discussed in this work. The authors also gratefully
acknowledge the helpful discussions from J. E. Barnes, D. M. Murphy, R.
Michael Hardesty, and Cora Randall. NCAR is sponsored by the National
Science Foundation. The authors acknowledge the vision and direction of
the late D. Hofmann, which directly led to the experiment and result
discussed in this work. The authors also gratefully acknowledge the
helpful discussions from J. E. Barnes, D. M. Murphy, R. Michael Hardesty
and Cora Randall.
NR 29
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U1 5
U2 54
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD MAR 16
PY 2013
VL 40
IS 5
BP 999
EP 1004
DI 10.1002/grl.50263
PG 6
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 134VG
UT WOS:000318242900037
ER
PT J
AU Donat, MG
Alexander, LV
Yang, H
Durre, I
Vose, R
Dunn, RJH
Willett, KM
Aguilar, E
Brunet, M
Caesar, J
Hewitson, B
Jack, C
Tank, AMGK
Kruger, AC
Marengo, J
Peterson, TC
Renom, M
Rojas, CO
Rusticucci, M
Salinger, J
Elrayah, AS
Sekele, SS
Srivastava, AK
Trewin, B
Villarroel, C
Vincent, LA
Zhai, P
Zhang, X
Kitching, S
AF Donat, M. G.
Alexander, L. V.
Yang, H.
Durre, I.
Vose, R.
Dunn, R. J. H.
Willett, K. M.
Aguilar, E.
Brunet, M.
Caesar, J.
Hewitson, B.
Jack, C.
Tank, A. M. G. Klein
Kruger, A. C.
Marengo, J.
Peterson, T. C.
Renom, M.
Oria Rojas, C.
Rusticucci, M.
Salinger, J.
Elrayah, A. S.
Sekele, S. S.
Srivastava, A. K.
Trewin, B.
Villarroel, C.
Vincent, L. A.
Zhai, P.
Zhang, X.
Kitching, S.
TI Updated analyses of temperature and precipitation extreme indices since
the beginning of the twentieth century: The HadEX2 dataset
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
LA English
DT Article
ID DAILY CLIMATE EXTREMES; MONITORING CHANGES; UNITED-STATES; TRENDS;
RAINFALL; VARIABILITY; PROJECTIONS; PACIFIC; CHINA
AB In this study, we present the collation and analysis of the gridded land-based dataset of indices of temperature and precipitation extremes: HadEX2. Indices were calculated based on station data using a consistent approach recommended by the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) Expert Teamon Climate Change Detection and Indices, resulting in the production of 17 temperature and 12 precipitation indices derived from daily maximum and minimum temperature and precipitation observations. High-quality in situ observations from over 7000 temperature and 11,000 precipitation meteorological stations across the globe were obtained to calculate the indices over the period of record available for each station. Monthly and annual indices were then interpolated onto a 3.75 degrees x 2.5 degrees longitude-latitude grid over the period 1901-2010. Linear trends in the gridded fields were computed and tested for statistical significance. Overall there was very good agreement with the previous HadEX dataset during the overlapping data period. Results showed widespread significant changes in temperature extremes consistent with warming, especially for those indices derived from daily minimum temperature over the whole 110 years of record but with stronger trends in more recent decades. Seasonal results showed significant warming in all seasons but more so in the colder months. Precipitation indices also showed widespread and significant trends, but the changes were much more spatially heterogeneous compared with temperature changes. However, results indicated more areas with significant increasing trends in extreme precipitation amounts, intensity, and frequency than areas with decreasing trends.
C1 [Donat, M. G.; Alexander, L. V.; Yang, H.] Univ New S Wales, Climate Change Res Ctr, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
[Alexander, L. V.; Kitching, S.] Univ New S Wales, ARC Ctr Excellence Climate Syst Sci, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
[Durre, I.; Vose, R.; Peterson, T. C.] NOAAs Natl Climat Data Ctr, Asheville, NC USA.
[Dunn, R. J. H.; Willett, K. M.; Caesar, J.] Hadley Ctr, Met Off, Exeter, Devon, England.
[Aguilar, E.; Brunet, M.] Univ Rovira & Virgili, Ctr Climate Change, Dep Geog, Tarragona, Spain.
[Hewitson, B.; Jack, C.] Univ Cape Town, Climate Syst Anal Grp, ZA-7925 Cape Town, South Africa.
[Tank, A. M. G. Klein] Royal Netherlands Meteorol Inst KNMI, De Bilt, Netherlands.
[Kruger, A. C.; Sekele, S. S.] South African Weather Serv, Climate Serv, Pretoria, South Africa.
[Marengo, J.] Natl Inst Space Res INPE, Earth Syst Sci Ctr CCST, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
[Renom, M.] Univ Republica, Unidad Ciencias Atmosfera, Montevideo, Uruguay.
[Oria Rojas, C.] SENAMHI, Lima, Peru.
[Rusticucci, M.] Univ Buenos Aires, Dept Ciencias Atmosfera & Oceanos, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina.
[Salinger, J.] Stanford Univ, Woods Inst Environm, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
[Elrayah, A. S.] SMA, Khartoum, Sudan.
[Srivastava, A. K.] Indian Meteorol Dept, Pune, Maharashtra, India.
[Trewin, B.] Bur Meteorol, Melbourne, Vic, Australia.
[Villarroel, C.] Direcc Meteorol Chile, Oficina Estudios, Santiago, Chile.
[Vincent, L. A.; Zhang, X.] Environm Canada, Climate Res Div, Toronto, ON, Canada.
[Zhai, P.] Chinese Acad Meteorol Sci, State Key Lab Severe Weather, Beijing, Peoples R China.
[Kitching, S.] Newcastle Univ, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 7RU, Tyne & Wear, England.
[Brunet, M.] Univ E Anglia, Sch Environm Sci, Climat Res Unit, Norwich NR4 7TJ, Norfolk, England.
RP Donat, MG (reprint author), Univ New S Wales, Climate Change Res Ctr, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
EM m.donat@unsw.edu.au
RI Hewitson, Bruce/B-3295-2014; Jack, Christopher/B-7926-2014; Aguilar,
Enric/L-4971-2014; Caesar, John/D-1403-2015; Donat, Markus/J-8331-2012;
Dunn, Robert/O-5910-2016; Alexander, Lisa/A-8477-2011
OI Manola, Brunet-India/0000-0002-9386-710X; Hewitson,
Bruce/0000-0001-7546-4430; Jack, Christopher/0000-0002-0936-7277;
Caesar, John/0000-0003-1094-9618; Donat, Markus/0000-0002-0608-7288;
Dunn, Robert/0000-0003-2469-5989; Alexander, Lisa/0000-0002-5635-2457
FU Australian Research Council [CE110001028, LP100200690]; Joint DECC/Defra
Met Office Hadley Centre Climate Programme [GA01101]; European Community
[212492]; FAPESP [2008/581611]; CONICET [PIP-0227]
FX Donat, Alexander, and Yang are supported by Australian Research Council
grants CE110001028 and LP100200690. Dunn, Willett, and Caesar were
supported by the Joint DECC/Defra Met Office Hadley Centre Climate
Programme (GA01101). Marengo, Renom, and Rusticucci are supported by
European Community's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013) Grant
Agreement No 212492: CLARIS LPB-A Europe-South America Network for
Climate Change Assessment and Impact Studies in La Plata Basin, Marengo
also from the FAPESP Assessment of Impacts and Vulnerability to Climate
Change in Brazil and strategies for Adaptation options project (Ref.
2008/581611) and Rusticucci also from CONICET PIP-0227. We acknowledge
the Sudan Meteorological Authority (SMA) and National Meteorological and
Hydrological Services from countries around the world for providing
observational data. We also thank the three anonymous reviewers who
helped to improve this manuscript.
NR 59
TC 191
Z9 195
U1 7
U2 113
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-897X
EI 2169-8996
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.
PD MAR 16
PY 2013
VL 118
IS 5
BP 2098
EP 2118
DI 10.1002/jgrd.50150
PG 21
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 129LY
UT WOS:000317842800002
ER
PT J
AU Demoranville, LT
Verkouteren, JR
AF Demoranville, Leonard T.
Verkouteren, Jennifer R.
TI Measurement of drug facilitated sexual assault agents in simulated sweat
by ion mobility spectrometry
SO TALANTA
LA English
DT Article
DE Forensic chemistry; Ion mobility spectrometry; Sexual assault; Sweat
analysis; Trace detection
ID DISPOSITION; HAIR; MDMA; METHAMPHETAMINE; IMS
AB Ion mobility spectrometry has found widespread use for the detection of explosives and illicit drugs. The technique offers rapid results with high sensitivity and little sample preparation. As such, it is well suited for field deployed screening settings. Here the response of ion mobility spectrometers for three drug-facilitated sexual assault (DFSA) agents - flunitrazepam, ketamine, and MDMA - and related metabolites has been studied in the presence of a simulated sweat. While all three DFSA agents present certain challenges for qualitative identification, IMS can provide useful information to guide the early treatment and investigation of sexual assault cases. Used as a presumptive test, the identification of DFSA agents would later require confirmatory analysis by other techniques. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Demoranville, Leonard T.; Verkouteren, Jennifer R.] NIST, Surface & Microanal Sci Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Demoranville, Leonard T.] Ctr Coll Danville, Chem Program, Danville, KY 40422 USA.
RP Demoranville, LT (reprint author), Ctr Coll Danville, 600 W Walnut St, Danville, KY 40422 USA.
EM leonard.demoranville@centre.edu
FU National Research Council
FX L.T. Demoranville recognizes the National Research Council for funding
his postdoctoral fellowship.
NR 23
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 5
U2 35
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0039-9140
J9 TALANTA
JI Talanta
PD MAR 15
PY 2013
VL 106
BP 375
EP 380
DI 10.1016/j.talanta.2013.01.011
PG 6
WC Chemistry, Analytical
SC Chemistry
GA 146JY
UT WOS:000319088600054
PM 23598140
ER
PT J
AU Lane, BM
Dow, TA
Scattergood, R
AF Lane, B. M.
Dow, T. A.
Scattergood, R.
TI Thermo-chemical wear model and worn tool shapes for single-crystal
diamond tools cutting steel
SO WEAR
LA English
DT Article
DE Diamond tool; Electron microscopy; Diffusion; FEM
ID TEMPERATURE RISE DISTRIBUTION; FRICTIONAL HEAT-SOURCE; CHIP INTERFACE;
EDGE RADIUS; METALS; PREDICTION; SIMULATION; DIFFUSION; SPEED
AB An Arrhenius-type thermochemical wear model proposed by past researchers is evaluated for predicting diamond tool wear when machining low carbon steel. Tool temperature values are determined using finite element modeling. These temperatures are related to tool wear measured after diamond turning tests on a low carbon steel workpiece to determine constants in the Arrhenius-type model. Measured tool wear shows a transition in worn tool shape from low speed (1 mm/s) to high speed (4 m/s) machining tests. Model results show a minimum value of wear per cutting distance occurs at a cutting speed of 2.5 m/s. The model also gives an activation energy between 25.0 kJ/mol and 29.3 kJ/mol. In addition, this model is used to explain experimental results obtained by others researching chemical wear of diamond. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Lane, B. M.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Dow, T. A.; Scattergood, R.] N Carolina State Univ, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
RP Lane, BM (reprint author), NIST, 100 Bur Dr,MS 8220, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM brandon.lane@nist.gov
FU National Science Foundation [CMMI-0800560]
FX The experimental research reported in this paper was conducted at North
Carolina State University while the primary author was affiliated with
the university. Primary funding for this work was by National Science
Foundation Grant CMMI-0800560 monitored by G. Hazelrigg. Third Wave
systems provided academic licensing and technical support for AdvantEdge
software. Chardon Tools supplied the diamond tools and tool sharpening
used in the machining experiments.
NR 42
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Z9 5
U1 0
U2 23
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA
PI LAUSANNE
PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND
SN 0043-1648
J9 WEAR
JI Wear
PD MAR 15
PY 2013
VL 300
IS 1-2
BP 216
EP 224
DI 10.1016/j.wear.2013.02.012
PG 9
WC Engineering, Mechanical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Engineering; Materials Science
GA 136TQ
UT WOS:000318386700025
ER
PT J
AU Berg, A
de Noblet-Ducoudre, N
Sultan, B
Lengaigne, M
Guimberteau, M
AF Berg, A.
de Noblet-Ducoudre, N.
Sultan, B.
Lengaigne, M.
Guimberteau, M.
TI Projections of climate change impacts on potential C4 crop productivity
over tropical regions
SO AGRICULTURAL AND FOREST METEOROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Climate change; Agriculture; Impacts; Tropics; C4 crops; Africa
ID ATMOSPHERIC CARBON-DIOXIDE; WEST-AFRICAN MONSOON; FERTILIZER USE;
ELEVATED CO2; FOOD; YIELD; AGRICULTURE; FUTURE; MODEL; CLASSIFICATION
AB Climate change impacts on agriculture could arguably be most critical for developing countries in tropical regions: their populations rely importantly on agriculture and climate-dependant resources, poverty limits their capacity to anticipate and adapt to climate change, and population increase already poses a serious challenge to food security in those regions. Current projections of climate change impacts on tropical crop yields, even though on average negative, remain largely uncertain: there is need for more consistent, large-scale, quantitative assessments.
In this study we use a newly developed agro-DGVM (Dynamical Global Vegetation Model including an explicit representation of croplands) driven by projections from several climate models and two SRES scenarios to evaluate climate change impacts on potential C4 crop productivity over Africa and India from 1960 to 2100. We specifically separate the effect of increasing atmospheric CO2 levels. We perform transient simulations directly forced by climate model outputs: to preserve consistency in the analysis despite regional biases in climate models, we analyze yield change on a bioclimatic basis (using the Koppen classification) rather than on a geographical basis. We find that the potential productivity of one of the most important staple crops in those regions, millet, will overall decrease, on average over all models and scenarios, by -6% (individual model projections ranging from -29% to +11%). The bioclimatic analysis allows us to highlight the main climate drivers of these changes. The main impact is a moderate but robust temperature-driven yield decrease over Equatorial and Temperate Koppen zones; larger but much more inconsistent yield changes occur in Arid Koppen zones, reflecting the uncertainty in precipitation projections from climate models. The uncertainty in aggregated impacts reflects the uncertainty over these areas, underlining the need to narrow the uncertainty in precipitation projections over dry areas if more reliable agricultural impact assessments over tropical regions are to be provided. Our results are also consistent with the limited magnitude of the impact of increased atmospheric CO2 levels on C4 crop yields described in the literature. While such climatic impacts further increase the challenge of achieving future food security in developing countries in the Tropics, most of these impacts can arguably be mitigated through adaptation measures and improved agricultural practices. (c) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Berg, A.; Sultan, B.; Lengaigne, M.; Guimberteau, M.] LOCEAN IPSL, Paris, France.
[Berg, A.; de Noblet-Ducoudre, N.] LSCE IPSL, Gif Sur Yvette, France.
RP Berg, A (reprint author), Princeton Univ, GFDL, Forrestal Campus,201 Forrestal Rd, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA.
EM alexis.berg@noaa.gov
RI Lengaigne, Matthieu/M-8321-2014; de NOBLET, Nathalie/O-8613-2015;
Sultan, Benjamin/C-8957-2012; Lengaigne, Matthieu/K-4345-2013
OI Lengaigne, Matthieu/0000-0002-0044-036X; Guimberteau,
Matthieu/0000-0001-8582-6087;
FU Office of Science, U.S. Department of Energy; Ile-de-France Region
FX We acknowledge the modeling groups, the Program for Climate Model
Diagnosis and Intercomparison (PCMDI) and the WCRP's Working Group on
Coupled Modelling (WGCM) for their roles in making available the WCRP
CMIP3 multi-model dataset. Support of this dataset is provided by the
Office of Science, U.S. Department of Energy.; The work of Alexis Berg
was funded by the Ile-de-France Region PhD funding program.
NR 52
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U1 6
U2 102
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0168-1923
J9 AGR FOREST METEOROL
JI Agric. For. Meteorol.
PD MAR 15
PY 2013
VL 170
SI SI
BP 89
EP 102
DI 10.1016/j.agrformet.2011.12.003
PG 14
WC Agronomy; Forestry; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Agriculture; Forestry; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 098JX
UT WOS:000315546700010
ER
PT J
AU Ruane, AC
Cecil, LD
Horton, RM
Gordon, R
McCollum, R
Brown, D
Killough, B
Goldberg, R
Greeley, AP
Rosenzweig, C
AF Ruane, Alex C.
Cecil, L. DeWayne
Horton, Radley M.
Gordon, Roman
McCollum, Raymond
Brown, Douglas
Killough, Brian
Goldberg, Richard
Greeley, Adam P.
Rosenzweig, Cynthia
TI Climate change impact uncertainties for maize in Panama: Farm
information, climate projections, and yield sensitivities
SO AGRICULTURAL AND FOREST METEOROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Climate change; Crop modeling; Uncertainty; Adaptation; Panama; Maize;
GCM ensembles
ID ELEVATED CO2; CROP YIELD; MODEL; FOOD; STIMULATION; RISK
AB We present results from a pilot project to characterize and bound multi-disciplinary uncertainties around the assessment of maize (Zea mays) production impacts using the CERES-Maize crop model in a climate-sensitive region with a variety of farming systems (Panama). Segunda coa (autumn) maize yield in Panama currently suffers occasionally from high water stress at the end of the growing season, however under future climate conditions warmer temperatures accelerate crop maturation and elevated CO2 concentrations improve water retention. This combination reduces end-of-season water stresses and eventually leads to small mean yield gains according to median projections, although accelerated maturation reduces yields in seasons with low water stresses. Calibrations of cultivar traits, soil profile, and fertilizer amounts are most important for representing baseline yields, however sensitivity to all management factors are reduced in an assessment of future yield changes (most dramatically for fertilizers), suggesting that yield changes may be more generalizable than absolute yields. Uncertainty around GCMs' projected changes in rainfall gain in importance throughout the century, with yield changes strongly correlated with growing season rainfall totals. Climate changes are expected to be obscured by the large interannual variations in Panamanian climate that will continue to be the dominant influence on seasonal maize yield into the coming decades. The relatively high (A2) and low (B1) emissions scenarios show little difference in their impact on future maize yields until the end of the century. Uncertainties related to the sensitivity of CERES-Maize to carbon dioxide concentrations have a substantial influence on projected changes, and remain a significant obstacle to climate change impacts assessment. Finally, an investigation into the potential of simple statistical yield emulators based upon key climate variables characterizes the important uncertainties behind the selection of climate change metrics and their performance against more complex process-based crop model simulations, revealing a danger in relying only on long-term mean quantities for crop impact assessment. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Ruane, Alex C.; Horton, Radley M.; Rosenzweig, Cynthia] NASA, Goddard Inst Space Studies, New York, NY 10025 USA.
[Ruane, Alex C.; Horton, Radley M.; Goldberg, Richard; Greeley, Adam P.; Rosenzweig, Cynthia] Columbia Univ, Ctr Climate Syst Res, New York, NY USA.
[Cecil, L. DeWayne] NOAA, Natl Climat Data Ctr, Salt Lake City, UT USA.
[Gordon, Roman] Inst Invest Agr Panama, Los Santos, Panama.
[McCollum, Raymond; Brown, Douglas] Booze Allen Hamilton, Norfolk, VA USA.
[Killough, Brian] NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Langley, VA USA.
RP Ruane, AC (reprint author), 2880 Broadway, New York, NY 10025 USA.
EM alexander.c.ruane@nasa.gov
FU NASA [NNX10AO10G]
FX The views expressed in this article are those of the authors, and do not
necessarily represent those of the authors' institutions. This project
was initiated by L. DeWayne Cecil when he was serving in the capacity of
Senior Science Advisor to the NASA Langley Systems Engineering Office
for the international Committee on Earth Observing Satellites (CEOS).
Development of this study was also partially supported by NASA
NNX10AO10G. We acknowledge the modeling groups, the Program for Climate
Model Diagnosis and Intercomparison (PCMDI) and the WCRP Working Group
on Coupled Modeling (WGCM) for their roles in making available the WCRP
CMIP3 multi-model dataset. Support of this dataset is provided by the
Office of Science, U.S. Department of Energy. We are grateful to Berta
Olmedo and ETESA for providing Los Santos weather data, Ismael Camargo
for helping to track down maize field trial data, and those who took
weather and field observations. We also acknowledge the editor and two
reviewers for helping to spur a more robust study made possible through
the collection of additional data and model updates.
NR 50
TC 16
Z9 16
U1 3
U2 51
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0168-1923
EI 1873-2240
J9 AGR FOREST METEOROL
JI Agric. For. Meteorol.
PD MAR 15
PY 2013
VL 170
SI SI
BP 132
EP 145
DI 10.1016/j.agrformet.2011.10.015
PG 14
WC Agronomy; Forestry; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Agriculture; Forestry; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 098JX
UT WOS:000315546700013
ER
PT J
AU Ledreux, A
Ramsdell, JS
AF Ledreux, Aurelie
Ramsdell, John S.
TI Bioavailability and intravenous toxicokinetic parameters for Pacific
ciguatoxin P-CTX-1 in rats
SO TOXICON
LA English
DT Article
DE Ciguatera; Ciguatoxin; Food poisoning; Harmful algal bloom;
Toxicokinetics; Marine biotoxins; Algal toxin; Phycotoxin
ID GAMBIERDISCUS-TOXICUS; CIGUATERA; FISH; DINOFLAGELLATE; BREVETOXINS;
JAVANICUS; RESPONSES; CHANNELS; BLOOD; MICE
AB Ciguatoxins are sodium channel activator toxins responsible for ciguatera fish poisoning. In this study, we determined the toxicokinetic parameters of the Pacific ciguatoxin P-CTX-1 in rats after an intravenous (iv) dose of 0.13 ng P-CTX-1 per g of body weight. The ciguatoxin activity was assessed over time in blood using the sensitive functional Neuro2a assay. The data were analyzed with a two-compartmental model. After exposure, the ciguatoxin activity exhibited a rapid (alpha half-life of 6 min) and extensive distribution into tissues (apparent steady state volume of distribution of 7.8 L). Ciguatoxin elimination from blood was slower with a beta half-life estimated at 35.5 h. The toxicokinetic parameters determined from this study were compared to data previously obtained after oral and intraperitoneal exposure of rats to 0.26 ng P-CTX-1 per g of body weight. Maximal bioavailability was determined by the area under the concentration curve, and was used to calculate the absolute P-CTX-1 bioavailabilities for oral and intraperitoneal routes of exposures of 39% and 75%, respectively. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Ledreux, Aurelie; Ramsdell, John S.] NOAA, Marine Biotoxins Program, Ctr Coastal Environm Hlth & Biomol Res, Natl Ocean Serv, Charleston, SC 29412 USA.
RP Ramsdell, JS (reprint author), NOAA, Marine Biotoxins Program, Ctr Coastal Environm Hlth & Biomol Res, Natl Ocean Serv, 219 Ft Johnson Rd, Charleston, SC 29412 USA.
EM john.ramsdell@noaa.gov
FU National Research Council Associate ship Award at Marine Biotoxins
Program, NOAA/NOS/CCEHBR
FX This work was performed while the author held a National Research
Council Associate ship Award at Marine Biotoxins Program,
NOAA/NOS/CCEHBR. The authors thank Noah Muha, Tod Leighfield and Jessica
Tiedeken for providing expert assistance with the animal exposure aspect
of this study.
NR 27
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U1 0
U2 28
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0041-0101
J9 TOXICON
JI Toxicon
PD MAR 15
PY 2013
VL 64
BP 81
EP 86
DI 10.1016/j.toxicon.2012.12.026
PG 6
WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology
SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology
GA 100MX
UT WOS:000315706400011
PM 23319077
ER
PT J
AU Li, XF
Li, CY
Yang, ZZ
Pichel, W
AF Li, Xiaofeng
Li, Chunyan
Yang, Zizang
Pichel, William
TI SAR imaging of ocean surface oil seep trajectories induced by near
inertial oscillation
SO REMOTE SENSING OF ENVIRONMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE SAR; Oil slick; Ocean inertial oscillation
ID SPILLS
AB In the Gulf of Mexico, repeated satellite synthetic aperture radar (SAR) observations show circular trajectories of oil slicks with a radius of several km. Some circles overlay onto each other; while in other cases the circles are modified by the ambient current to form a train of spirals. We show that these SAR-observed features originate from oil seeps of the ocean bottom and the circles are induced by near inertial oscillation (NI). From the SAR images, we have estimated the ambient current velocity from a train of spiral-like circles and verified the NIO by calculating its oscillation period. In this study, we also analyze time series of wind and velocity profiles obtained from a moored buoy and acoustic Doppler current profilers mounted on oil platforms in the area covered by the SAR images. The ocean current analysis confirms that during the SAR imaging times, there were NIOs. Buoy measurements also show that moderate wind of 7 ms(-1) existed 24 h prior to a SAR observation, and it diminished to 2 ms(-1) in 6 h and remained very low for the next 18 h, a condition ideal for producing NIOs. (C) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 [Li, Xiaofeng] NOAA NESDIS, GST, College Pk, MD USA.
[Li, Chunyan] Louisiana State Univ, Dept Oceanog & Coastal Studies, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA.
[Yang, Zizang] NOAA NOS, Silver Spring, MD USA.
[Pichel, William] NOAA NESDIS STAR, College Pk, MD USA.
[Li, Chunyan] Shanghai Ocean Univ, Int Ctr Marine Studies, Shanghai, Peoples R China.
RP Li, XF (reprint author), NOAA, NCWCP E RA3, 5830 Univ Res Ct, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
EM Xiaofeng.Li@noaa.gov
RI Li, Xiaofeng/B-6524-2008; chen, zhu/K-5923-2013; Pichel,
William/F-5619-2010
OI Li, Xiaofeng/0000-0001-7038-5119; Pichel, William/0000-0001-6332-0149
FU British Petroleum (BP) Gulf Research Initiative; Oriental Scholar
Program
FX Helpful discussions with Paris Vachon are greatly appreciated.
RADARSAT-1 SAR images were provided by the Canadian Space Agency. Buoy
and ADCP data are downloaded from NOAA/NDBC website
http://www.ndbc.noaa.gov. C. Li was partially supported by the British
Petroleum (BP) Gulf Research Initiative for this study. The views,
opinions, and findings contained in this report are those of the authors
and should not be construed as an official NOAA or U.S. Government
position, policy, or decision. This research is also supported by
Oriental Scholar Program.
NR 17
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 1
U2 64
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 0034-4257
J9 REMOTE SENS ENVIRON
JI Remote Sens. Environ.
PD MAR 15
PY 2013
VL 130
BP 182
EP 187
DI 10.1016/j.rse.2012.11.019
PG 6
WC Environmental Sciences; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic
Technology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science &
Photographic Technology
GA 090VL
UT WOS:000315008000015
ER
PT J
AU Chan, EP
Young, AP
Lee, JH
Chung, JY
Stafford, CM
AF Chan, Edwin P.
Young, Allison P.
Lee, Jung-Hyun
Chung, Jun Young
Stafford, Christopher M.
TI Swelling of ultrathin crosslinked polyamide water desalination membranes
SO JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE PART B-POLYMER PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE crosslinking; desalination; gels; hydrogels; membranes; swelling;
thermosets; thin films; water purification; X-ray
ID POLYMER NETWORKS; COMPOSITE MEMBRANES; MOISTURE ABSORPTION; DIFFUSION;
FILMS; LAYER; BEHAVIOR; MODEL; THIN
AB We study the water swelling behavior of semiaromatic crosslinked polyamide (PA) ultrathin films to characterize the network properties of the polymer. Specifically, we use X-ray reflectivity to measure film thickness increase and polymer density decrease of the PA films due to swelling. With the aid of a modified FloryRehner theory used to describe the constrained swelling behavior of polymer networks, we are able to extract the Flory interaction parameter and the monomer units between crosslinks by performing the swelling experiments at different levels of hydration. (c) 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys, 2013
C1 [Chan, Edwin P.; Chung, Jun Young; Stafford, Christopher M.] NIST, Div Polymers, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Young, Allison P.] Univ New Haven, Dept Forens Sci & Chem, West Haven, CT 06516 USA.
[Lee, Jung-Hyun] Korea Inst Sci & Technol, Ctr Mat Architecturing, Seoul 136791, South Korea.
RP Chan, EP (reprint author), NIST, Div Polymers, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM edwin.chan@nist.gov
RI Lee, Jung-Hyun/H-1096-2011
FU NIST Summer Undergraduate Research Fellowship
FX A. P. Young acknowledges the NIST Summer Undergraduate Research
Fellowship for financial support. The authors thank Hae-Jeong Lee,
Brandon W. Rowe, Wen-Li Wu, and Sara V. Orski for insightful
discussions. Official contribution of the National Institute of
Standards and Technology; not subject to copyright in the United States.
NR 29
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 4
U2 79
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0887-6266
J9 J POLYM SCI POL PHYS
JI J. Polym. Sci. Pt. B-Polym. Phys.
PD MAR 15
PY 2013
VL 51
IS 6
BP 385
EP 391
DI 10.1002/polb.23235
PG 7
WC Polymer Science
SC Polymer Science
GA 091LK
UT WOS:000315050800001
ER
PT J
AU Irikura, KK
AF Irikura, Karl K.
TI Aminoxyl (Nitroxyl) Radicals in the Early Decomposition of the Nitramine
RDX
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A
LA English
DT Article
ID INFRARED MULTIPHOTON DECOMPOSITION; ELECTRON-PARAMAGNETIC-RESONANCE;
CONDENSED-PHASE DECOMPOSITION; THERMAL-DECOMPOSITION; ENERGETIC
MATERIALS; HIGH-PRESSURE; AB-INITIO; LASER PYROLYSIS; MELTING-POINT;
NITRIC-OXIDE
AB The explosive nitramine RDX (1,3,5-trinitrohexahydro-s-triazine) is thought to decompose largely by homolytic N-N bond cleavage, among other possible initiation reactions. Density-functional theory (DFT) calculations indicate that the resulting secondary aminyl (R2N center dot) radical can abstract an oxygen atom from NO2 or from a neighboring nitramine molecule, producing an aminoxyl (R2NO center dot) radical. Persistent aminoxyl radicals have been detected in electron spin resonance (ESR) experiments and are consistent with autocatalytic "red oils" reported in the experimental literature. When the O-atom donor is a nitramine, a nitrosamine is formed along with the aminoxyl radical. Reactions of aminoxyl radicals can lead readily to the "oxy-s-triazine" product (as the s-triazine N-oxide) observed mass-spectrometrically by Behrens and co-workers. In addition to forming aminoxyl radicals, the initial aminyl radical can catalyze loss of HONO from RDX.
C1 NIST, Chem Informat Res Grp, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Irikura, KK (reprint author), NIST, Chem Informat Res Grp, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM karl.irikura@nist.gov
RI Irikura, Karl/A-4266-2009
OI Irikura, Karl/0000-0001-7515-6761
NR 76
TC 7
Z9 8
U1 3
U2 35
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1089-5639
J9 J PHYS CHEM A
JI J. Phys. Chem. A
PD MAR 14
PY 2013
VL 117
IS 10
BP 2233
EP 2241
DI 10.1021/jp310247z
PG 9
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 108PM
UT WOS:000316307900020
PM 23373538
ER
PT J
AU Palomaki, TA
Harlow, JW
Teufel, JD
Simmonds, RW
Lehnert, KW
AF Palomaki, T. A.
Harlow, J. W.
Teufel, J. D.
Simmonds, R. W.
Lehnert, K. W.
TI Coherent state transfer between itinerant microwave fields and a
mechanical oscillator
SO NATURE
LA English
DT Article
ID QUANTUM GROUND-STATE; NANOMECHANICAL MOTION; RESONATOR; CIRCUIT
AB Macroscopic mechanical oscillators have been coaxed into a regime of quantum behaviour by direct refrigeration(1) or a combination of refrigeration and laser-like cooling(2,3). This result supports the idea that mechanical oscillators may perform useful functions in the processing of quantum information with superconducting circuits(4-7), either by serving as a quantum memory for the ephemeral state of a microwave field or by providing a quantum interface between otherwise incompatible systems(8-14). As yet, the transfer of an itinerant state or a propagating mode of a microwave field to and from a storage medium has not been demonstrated, owing to the inability to turn on and off the interaction between the microwave field and the medium sufficiently quickly. Here we demonstrate that the state of an itinerant microwave field can be coherently transferred into, stored in and retrieved from a mechanical oscillator with amplitudes at the single-quantum level. Crucially, the time to capture and to retrieve the microwave state is shorter than the quantum state lifetime of the mechanical oscillator. In this quantum regime, the mechanical oscillator can both store quantum information and enable its transfer between otherwise incompatible systems.
C1 [Palomaki, T. A.; Harlow, J. W.; Lehnert, K. W.] NIST, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Palomaki, T. A.; Harlow, J. W.; Lehnert, K. W.] Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Palomaki, T. A.; Harlow, J. W.; Lehnert, K. W.] Univ Colorado, Dept Phys, Boulder, CO USA.
[Teufel, J. D.; Simmonds, R. W.] NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Lehnert, KW (reprint author), NIST, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
EM konrad.lehnert@jila.colorado.edu
RI Lehnert, Konrad/B-7577-2009; Teufel, John/A-8898-2010
OI Lehnert, Konrad/0000-0002-0750-9649; Teufel, John/0000-0002-1873-9941
FU DARPA QuASAR programme; US NSF Physics Frontier Center; NIST
FX This work was supported primarily by the DARPA QuASAR programme, with
additional support from the US NSF Physics Frontier Center and NIST. We
would like to thank J. Kerckhoff, M. Holland, C. Regal, J. Thompson and
R. Andrews for discussions.
NR 30
TC 162
Z9 162
U1 5
U2 87
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 0028-0836
EI 1476-4687
J9 NATURE
JI Nature
PD MAR 14
PY 2013
VL 495
IS 7440
BP 210
EP 214
DI 10.1038/nature11915
PG 5
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 113FP
UT WOS:000316652300045
PM 23486060
ER
PT J
AU Feldman, A
Ahrenkiel, R
Lehman, J
AF Feldman, Ari
Ahrenkiel, Richard
Lehman, John
TI Transient mobility in silicon as seen by a combination of free-carrier
absorption and resonance-coupled photoconductive decay
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID SEMICONDUCTORS; SPECTROSCOPY
AB The combination of the resonance-coupled photoconductive decay (RCPCD) apparatus and a pump-probe free carrier absorption experiment results in a method of viewing transient mobility. RCPCD uses an Nd:YAG laser operating at 1064 nm to pump the p-type silicon wafer, and a microwave coil antenna detects the transient excess-carrier concentration. The pump-probe experiment uses the same pump laser and a 10.6 mu m CO2 laser with HgCdTe photodetector to measure the transient change in absorption. The change in conductivity detected by RCPCD is directly proportional to the excess-carrier concentration (Delta n) and mobility (mu), whereas the pump-probe experiment has an inversely proportional relationship. By mathematically combining these signals at equivalent optical fluxes, a quantity proportional to the mobility emerges. The mobility is shown to vary both temporally and with respect to injection, countering the assumption that mobility is constant for photoconductive decay measurements. Theory and results are discussed within. (C) 2013 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4794168]
C1 [Feldman, Ari; Ahrenkiel, Richard] Colorado Sch Mines, Golden, CO 80301 USA.
[Feldman, Ari; Lehman, John] NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Feldman, A (reprint author), Colorado Sch Mines, Golden, CO 80301 USA.
NR 17
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 11
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-8979
J9 J APPL PHYS
JI J. Appl. Phys.
PD MAR 14
PY 2013
VL 113
IS 10
AR 103703
DI 10.1063/1.4794168
PG 5
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 112BC
UT WOS:000316565600030
ER
PT J
AU Swenson, LJ
Day, PK
Eom, BH
Leduc, HG
Llombart, N
McKenney, CM
Noroozian, O
Zmuidzinas, J
AF Swenson, L. J.
Day, P. K.
Eom, B. H.
Leduc, H. G.
Llombart, N.
McKenney, C. M.
Noroozian, O.
Zmuidzinas, J.
TI Operation of a titanium nitride superconducting microresonator detector
in the nonlinear regime
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID KINETIC INDUCTANCE DETECTORS; ARRAYS; MILLIMETER; REDUCTION; RESONATOR
AB If driven sufficiently strongly, superconducting microresonators exhibit nonlinear behavior including response bifurcation. This behavior can arise from a variety of physical mechanisms including heating effects, grain boundaries or weak links, vortex penetration, or through the intrinsic nonlinearity of the kinetic inductance. Although microresonators used for photon detection are usually driven fairly hard in order to optimize their sensitivity, most experiments to date have not explored detector performance beyond the onset of bifurcation. Here, we present measurements of a lumped-element superconducting microresonator designed for use as a far-infrared detector and operated deep into the nonlinear regime. The 1 GHz resonator was fabricated from a 22 nm thick titanium nitride film with a critical temperature of 2K and a normal-state resistivity of 100 mu Omega cm. We measured the response of the device when illuminated with 6.4 pW optical loading using microwave readout powers that ranged from the low-power, linear regime to 18 dB beyond the onset of bifurcation. Over this entire range, the nonlinear behavior is well described by a nonlinear kinetic inductance. The best noise-equivalent power of 2 x 10(-16) W/Hz(1/2) at 10 Hz was measured at the highest readout power, and represents a similar to 10 fold improvement compared with operating below the onset of bifurcation. (C) 2013 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4794808]
C1 [Swenson, L. J.; Eom, B. H.; McKenney, C. M.; Zmuidzinas, J.] CALTECH, Div Phys Math & Astron, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
[Swenson, L. J.; Day, P. K.; Leduc, H. G.; Zmuidzinas, J.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
[Llombart, N.] Delft Univ Technol, NL-2628 CD Delft, Netherlands.
[Noroozian, O.] NIST, Quantum Sensors Grp, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Swenson, LJ (reprint author), CALTECH, Div Phys Math & Astron, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
EM swenson@astro.caltech.edu
RI Noroozian, Omid/G-3519-2011
OI Noroozian, Omid/0000-0002-9904-1704
FU Keck Institute for Space Science; Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation
FX The authors wish to thank Teun Klapwijk and David Moore for useful
discussions relating to this work. This work was supported in part by
the Keck Institute for Space Science, the Gordon and Betty Moore
Foundation. Part of this research was carried out at the Jet Propulsion
Laboratory (JPL), California Institute of Technology, under a contract
with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. The devices used
in this work were fabricated at the JPL Microdevices Laboratory. L.
Swenson acknowledges the support from the NASA Postdoctoral Program. L.
Swenson and C. McKenney acknowledge funding from the Keck Institute for
Space Science. (C) 2012. All rights reserved.
NR 45
TC 25
Z9 25
U1 2
U2 28
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-8979
J9 J APPL PHYS
JI J. Appl. Phys.
PD MAR 14
PY 2013
VL 113
IS 10
AR 104501
DI 10.1063/1.4794808
PG 9
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 112BC
UT WOS:000316565600059
ER
PT J
AU Qi, B
Ye, LF
Stone, R
Dennis, C
Crawford, TM
Mefford, OT
AF Qi, Bin
Ye, Longfei
Stone, Roland
Dennis, Cindi
Crawford, Thomas M.
Mefford, O. Thompson
TI Influence of Ligand-Precursor Molar Ratio on the Size Evolution of
Modifiable Iron Oxide Nanoparticles
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C
LA English
DT Article
ID MAGNETIC NANOPARTICLES; NANOCRYSTALS; ASSEMBLIES; PARTICLES; FE3O4; MN;
FE; CO
AB During the synthesis of nanoparticles via thermal decomposition of iron precursors, the capping ligand-precursor ratio influences the resulting size of the iron oxide nanoparticles. As the molar ratio of aliphatic amines to iron precursor is increased, the average diameter of the synthesized iron oxide nanoparticles decreases. This trend is opposite to previously reported results. We investigated this phenomenon by independently varying the ligand chain length, the ligand-precursor molar ratio, and the degree of saturation of the aliphatic chain. Nuclear magnetic resonance spectra of the precursor illustrated the presence of a primary amine peak before heating and the peak absence after heating, potentially indicating that the primary amine acts as reducing agent to promote the decomposition of the iron precursor. We hypothesize that the amine groups play a dominant role in the nucleation of the particles, while the chain length and degree of aliphatic saturation have only a minor effect on particle size. The nanoparticles' size and crystallinity were characterized with high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, dynamic light scattering, and X-ray diffraction, and the magnetic properties were characterized by magnetometry.
C1 [Qi, Bin; Stone, Roland; Mefford, O. Thompson] Clemson Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Clemson, SC 29634 USA.
[Qi, Bin; Stone, Roland; Mefford, O. Thompson] COMSET, Anderson, SC 29625 USA.
[Ye, Longfei; Crawford, Thomas M.] Univ S Carolina, Dept Phys & Astron, Columbia, SC 29208 USA.
[Ye, Longfei; Crawford, Thomas M.] Univ S Carolina, USC NanoCtr, Columbia, SC 29208 USA.
[Dennis, Cindi] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Mat Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Mefford, OT (reprint author), Clemson Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Clemson, SC 29634 USA.
EM MEFFORD@clemson.edu
RI Qi, Bin/N-3460-2014
OI Qi, Bin/0000-0001-6817-9703
FU National Science Foundation [DMR-097167, CMMI-1130819, -1130636]
FX This research is supported by the National Science Foundation
(DMR-097167 and CMMI-1130819 and -1130636). The authors thank Clemson
University for the invaluable support.
NR 26
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 2
U2 42
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1932-7447
J9 J PHYS CHEM C
JI J. Phys. Chem. C
PD MAR 14
PY 2013
VL 117
IS 10
BP 5429
EP 5435
DI 10.1021/jp311509v
PG 7
WC Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science,
Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science
GA 108PR
UT WOS:000316308400059
ER
PT J
AU Zahraei, A
Hsu, KL
Sorooshian, S
Gourley, JJ
Hong, Y
Behrangi, A
AF Zahraei, Ali
Hsu, Kuo-lin
Sorooshian, Soroosh
Gourley, Jonathan J.
Hong, Yang
Behrangi, Ali
TI Short-term quantitative precipitation forecasting using an object-based
approach
SO JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Short-term quantitative precipitation; forecasting; Nowcasting; Storm
tracking
ID CONTINENTAL RADAR IMAGES; MESOSCALE CONVECTIVE SYSTEMS; SATELLITE
INFRARED IMAGERY; NEURAL-NETWORK; RAINFALL ESTIMATION; TRACKING
ALGORITHM; SCALE-DEPENDENCE; LIFE-CYCLE; METHODOLOGY; PREDICTABILITY
AB Short-term Quantitative Precipitation Forecasting (SQPF) is critical for flash-flood warning, navigation safety, and many other applications. The current study proposes a new object-based method, named PERCAST (PERsiann-ForeCAST), to identify, track, and nowcast storms. PERCAST predicts the location and rate of rainfall up to 4 h using the most recent storm images to extract storm features, such as advection field and changes in storm intensity and size. PERCAST is coupled with a previously developed precipitation retrieval algorithm called PERSIANN-CCS (Precipitation Estimation from Remotely Sensed Information using Artificial Neural Networks-Cloud Classification System) to forecast rainfall rates. Four case studies have been presented to evaluate the performance of the models. While the first two case studies justify the model capabilities in nowcasting single storms, the third and fourth case studies evaluate the proposed model over the contiguous US during the summer of 2010. The results show that, by considering storm Growth and Decay (GD) trends for the prediction, the PERCAST-GD further improves the predictability of convection in terms of verification parameters such as Probability of Detection (POD) and False Alarm Ratio (FAR) up to 15-20%, compared to the comparison algorithms such as PERCAST. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Zahraei, Ali; Hsu, Kuo-lin; Sorooshian, Soroosh] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Henry Samueli Sch Engn, CHRS, Irvine, CA 92697 USA.
[Gourley, Jonathan J.] NOAA, Natl Severe Storms Lab, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
[Hong, Yang] Univ Oklahoma, Dept Civil Engn & Environm Sci, Atmospher Radar Res Ctr, Norman, OK 73019 USA.
[Behrangi, Ali] Calif Inst Technol Climate Ocean & Earth Sci, NASA, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA USA.
RP Zahraei, A (reprint author), NOAA CREST, Washington, DC USA.
EM azahraei@ccny.cuny.edu; kuolinh@uci.edu; soroosh@uci.edu;
Jj.Gourley@noaa.gov; yanghon-g@ou.edu; ali.behrangi@jpl.nasa.gov
RI Hong, Yang/D-5132-2009; sorooshian, soroosh/B-3753-2008; Gourley,
Jonathan/C-7929-2016
OI Hong, Yang/0000-0001-8720-242X; sorooshian, soroosh/0000-0001-7774-5113;
Gourley, Jonathan/0000-0001-7363-3755
FU Center for Hydrometeorology and Remote Sensing (CHRS) at the University
of California, Irvine; NOAA/NESDIS/NCDC [NAO9NES4400006]; NCSU CICS
[2009-1380-01]; ARO [W911NF-11-1-0422]; NASA NEWS [NNX06AF93G];
Hydrologic Research Lab of the US National Weather Service (HRL-NWS)
FX This research was supported by the Center for Hydrometeorology and
Remote Sensing (CHRS) at the University of California, Irvine. Partial
financial support was provided by NOAA/NESDIS/NCDC (prime award
NAO9NES4400006, NCSU CICS subaward 2009-1380-01), ARO (grant
W911NF-11-1-0422) and NASA NEWS (Grant NNX06AF93G). Graduate fellowship
support provided by the Hydrologic Research Lab of the US National
Weather Service (HRL-NWS) is also greatly appreciated. Part of the
research was carried out at the National Severe Storm Lab (NSSL/NOAA),
Norman, OK. The authors thank Dr. Jeff Kimpel from NSSL for providing
the opportunity for collaboration between CHRS and NSSL.
NR 50
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 1
U2 36
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0022-1694
J9 J HYDROL
JI J. Hydrol.
PD MAR 13
PY 2013
VL 483
BP 1
EP 15
DI 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2012.09.052
PG 15
WC Engineering, Civil; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources
SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources
GA 111HL
UT WOS:000316512300001
ER
PT J
AU Li, RB
Deng, L
Hagley, EW
AF Li, R. B.
Deng, L.
Hagley, E. W.
TI Fast, All-Optical, Zero to pi Continuously Controllable Kerr Phase Gate
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID ELECTROMAGNETICALLY INDUCED TRANSPARENCY; QUANTUM; MODULATION; PHOTONS;
FIBERS
AB We demonstrate a fast Kerr phase gate in a room-temperature Rb-85 vapor using a Raman gain method where the probe wave travels "superluminally". Continuously variable, zero to pi radian nonlinear Kerr phase shifts of the probe wave relative to a reference wave have been observed at 333 K. We show rapid manipulation of digitally encoded probe waves using a digitally encoded phase-control light field, demonstrating the capability of the system in information science and telecommunication applications. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.110.113902
C1 [Li, R. B.; Deng, L.; Hagley, E. W.] NIST, Phys Measurements Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Li, R. B.] Chinese Acad Sci, Wuhan Inst Phys & Math, State Key Lab Magnet Resonance & Atom & Mol Phys, Wuhan 430071, Peoples R China.
[Li, R. B.] Chinese Acad Sci, Ctr Cold Atom Phys, Wuhan 430071, Peoples R China.
RP Li, RB (reprint author), NIST, Phys Measurements Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
FU National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA
FX R. B. L. acknowledges financial support from the National Institute of
Standards and Technology, USA. We thank Josh C. Bienfang for
suggestions.
NR 28
TC 23
Z9 23
U1 2
U2 29
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0031-9007
J9 PHYS REV LETT
JI Phys. Rev. Lett.
PD MAR 13
PY 2013
VL 110
IS 11
AR 113902
DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.110.113902
PG 5
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 106VP
UT WOS:000316173100002
PM 25166537
ER
PT J
AU Elliott, LCC
Jing, BX
Akgun, B
Zhu, YX
Bohn, PW
Fullerton-Shirey, SK
AF Elliott, Lindsay C. C.
Jing, Benxin
Akgun, Bulent
Zhu, Yingxi
Bohn, Paul W.
Fullerton-Shirey, Susan K.
TI Loading and Distribution of a Model Small Molecule Drug in
Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) Brushes: a Neutron Reflectometry and AFM
Study
SO LANGMUIR
LA English
DT Article
ID DEPENDENT CONFORMATIONAL-CHANGE; VOLUME PHASE-TRANSITION;
N-ISOPROPYLACRYLAMIDE; POLYMER BRUSHES; CONTROLLED-RELEASE; GRAFTING
DENSITY; WATER; SURFACE; TEMPERATURE; DELIVERY
AB The structure of a hydrated poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) brush loaded with 5 vol % Isoniazid is studied as a function of temperature using neutron reflectometry (NR) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). NR measurements show that Isoniazid increases the thickness of the brush before, during and after the polymer collapse, and it is retained inside the brush at all measured temperatures. The Isoniazid concentration in the expanded brush is similar to 14% higher than in the bulk solution, and the concentration nearly doubles in the collapsed polymer, suggesting stronger binding between Isoniazid and the polymer compared to water, even at temperatures below the lower critical solution temperature (LCST) where the polymer is hydrophilic. Typically, additives that bind strongly to the polymer backbone and increase the hydrophilicity of the polymer will delay the onset of the LCST, which is suggested by AFM and NR measurements. The extent of small-molecule loading and distribution throughout a thermo-responsive polymer brush, such as pNIPAAm, will have important consequences for applications such as drug delivery and gating.
C1 [Elliott, Lindsay C. C.; Zhu, Yingxi; Bohn, Paul W.] Univ Notre Dame, Notre Dame Ctr Nano Sci & Technol, Dept Chem & Biochem, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA.
[Jing, Benxin; Zhu, Yingxi; Bohn, Paul W.] Univ Notre Dame, Notre Dame Ctr Nano Sci & Technol, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA.
[Fullerton-Shirey, Susan K.] Univ Notre Dame, Notre Dame Ctr Nano Sci & Technol, Dept Elect Engn, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA.
[Akgun, Bulent] NIST Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Akgun, Bulent] Univ Maryland, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Akgun, Bulent] Bogazici Univ, TR-80815 Bebek, Turkey.
RP Fullerton-Shirey, SK (reprint author), Univ Notre Dame, Notre Dame Ctr Nano Sci & Technol, Dept Elect Engn, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA.
EM fullerton.3@nd.edu
RI Fullerton-Shirey, Susan/A-7188-2010; Akgun, Bulent/H-3798-2011; Jing,
Benxin/I-4944-2014
OI Fullerton-Shirey, Susan/0000-0003-2720-0400; Jing,
Benxin/0000-0002-8400-1937
FU Notre Dame Center for Nano Science and Technology; NSF [1111739]; NIST
Center for Neutron Research; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic
Sciences, Division of Materials Science and Engineering
[DE-FG02-07ER46390]
FX The authors acknowledge financial support from the following sources:
the Notre Dame Center for Nano Science and Technology (S.K.F.S.), NSF
research Grant 1111739 (L.C.C.E., P.W.B.), a travel grant from the NIST
Center for Neutron Research (L.C.C.E.), the U.S. Department of Energy,
Office of Basic Sciences, Division of Materials Science and Engineering
Grant No. DE-FG02-07ER46390 (B.J. and Y.Z., AFM study of pNIPAAm
brushes). This work utilized neutron facilities provided by the National
Institute of Standards and Technology, U.S. Department of Commerce. We
gratefully acknowledge Dr. Chaun Wei and Prof. Haifeng Gao in the
Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry at the University of Notre Dame
for the use of their GPC.
NR 47
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 3
U2 58
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0743-7463
J9 LANGMUIR
JI Langmuir
PD MAR 12
PY 2013
VL 29
IS 10
BP 3259
EP 3268
DI 10.1021/la305088k
PG 10
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science,
Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Materials Science
GA 112LO
UT WOS:000316593900012
PM 23441753
ER
PT J
AU Pan, C
Li, HF
Akgun, B
Satijia, SK
Zhu, YM
Xu, D
Ortiz, J
Gersappe, D
Rafailovich, MH
AF Pan, Cheng
Li, Hongfei
Akgun, Bulent
Satijia, Sushil K.
Zhu, Yimei
Xu, Di
Ortiz, Joseph
Gersappe, Dilip
Rafailovich, Miriam H.
TI Enhancing the Efficiency of Bulk Heterojunction Solar Cells via
Templated Self-Assembly
SO MACROMOLECULES
LA English
DT Article
ID MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS SIMULATION; POLYMER SYSTEMS; BLENDS; MORPHOLOGY;
FILMS; NANOPARTICLES; INTERFACES; CONTACTS
AB Morphology control in bulk heterojunction (BHJ) solar cell is considered to be critical for the power conversion efficiency (PCE). In this paper, we present a novel approach that introduces polystyrene that organizes the poly(3-heacylthiophene) (P3HT) into columnar phases decorated by [6,6]-phenyl C-61-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) at the interface. This structure represents a realization of an idealized morphology of an organic solar cell, in which both exiciton dissociation and the carrier transport are optimized, leading to increased power conversion efficiency.
C1 [Pan, Cheng; Li, Hongfei; Xu, Di; Ortiz, Joseph; Gersappe, Dilip; Rafailovich, Miriam H.] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.
[Akgun, Bulent; Satijia, Sushil K.] NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Akgun, Bulent] Bogazici Univ, Dept Chem, TR-34342 Istanbul, Turkey.
[Zhu, Yimei] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Condensed Matter Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
RP Rafailovich, MH (reprint author), SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.
EM mrafailovich@notes.cc.sunysb.edu
RI Akgun, Bulent/H-3798-2011
FU NSF [CBET 1033623, DMR 0606387]; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of
Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-98CH10886]
FX This research was supported in part by NSF-CBET 1033623 and NSF-DMR
0606387 programs. Work at Brookhaven National Laboratory as well as its
user facilities at the Center for Functional Nanomaterials was supported
by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under
Contract DE-AC02-98CH10886. We also thank Kim Kiss linger (BNL) for TEM
cross-section measurements and Chang-Yong Nam for device fabrication.
NR 35
TC 5
Z9 6
U1 3
U2 101
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0024-9297
J9 MACROMOLECULES
JI Macromolecules
PD MAR 12
PY 2013
VL 46
IS 5
BP 1812
EP 1819
DI 10.1021/ma302458d
PG 8
WC Polymer Science
SC Polymer Science
GA 106TW
UT WOS:000316168600012
ER
PT J
AU Levy, N
Zhang, T
Ha, J
Sharifi, F
Talin, AA
Kuk, Y
Stroscio, JA
AF Levy, Niv
Zhang, Tong
Ha, Jeonghoon
Sharifi, Fred
Talin, A. Alec
Kuk, Young
Stroscio, Joseph A.
TI Experimental Evidence for s-Wave Pairing Symmetry in Superconducting
CuxBi2Se3 Single Crystals Using a Scanning Tunneling Microscope
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID TOPOLOGICAL INSULATORS; JUNCTIONS; CURRENTS
AB Topological superconductors represent a newly predicted phase of matter that is topologically distinct from conventional superconducting condensates of Cooper pairs. As a manifestation of their topological character, topological superconductors support solid-state realizations of Majorana fermions at their boundaries. The recently discovered superconductor CuxBi2Se3 has been theoretically proposed as an odd-parity superconductor in the time-reversal-invariant topological superconductor class, and point-contact spectroscopy measurements have reported the observation of zero-bias conductance peaks corresponding to Majorana states in this material. Here we report scanning tunneling microscopy measurements of the superconducting energy gap in CuxBi2Se3 as a function of spatial position and applied magnetic field. The tunneling spectrum shows that the density of states at the Fermi level is fully gapped without any in-gap states. The spectrum is well described by the Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer theory with a momentum independent order parameter, which suggests that Cu0.2Bi2Se3 is a classical s-wave superconductor contrary to previous expectations and measurements. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.110.117001
C1 [Levy, Niv; Zhang, Tong; Ha, Jeonghoon; Sharifi, Fred; Talin, A. Alec; Stroscio, Joseph A.] NIST, Ctr Nanoscale Sci & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Levy, Niv; Zhang, Tong; Ha, Jeonghoon] Univ Maryland, Maryland NanoCtr, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Ha, Jeonghoon; Kuk, Young] Seoul Natl Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Seoul 151747, South Korea.
RP Stroscio, JA (reprint author), NIST, Ctr Nanoscale Sci & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM joseph.stroscio@nist.gov
FU University of Maryland [70NANB10H193]; National Institute of Standards
and Technology Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology through the
University of Maryland [70NANB10H193]; Korea Research Foundation
[KRF-2010-00349]
FX We thank Liang Fu, Timothy Hsieh, and Yoichi Ando for valuable
discussions, Steve Blankenship and Alan Band for technical assistance,
and Nikolai Klimov for assistance in measuring transport properties. N.
L., T. Z., and J. H. acknowledge support under the Cooperative Research
Agreement between the University of Maryland and the National Institute
of Standards and Technology Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology,
Grant No. 70NANB10H193, through the University of Maryland. J. H. and Y.
K. are partly supported by Korea Research Foundation through Grant No.
KRF-2010-00349.
NR 28
TC 88
Z9 89
U1 9
U2 78
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0031-9007
J9 PHYS REV LETT
JI Phys. Rev. Lett.
PD MAR 12
PY 2013
VL 110
IS 11
AR 117001
DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.110.117001
PG 5
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 106VJ
UT WOS:000316172500021
PM 25166563
ER
PT J
AU Nembach, HT
Shaw, JM
Boone, CT
Silva, TJ
AF Nembach, Hans T.
Shaw, Justin M.
Boone, Carl T.
Silva, T. J.
TI Mode- and Size-Dependent Landau-Lifshitz Damping in Magnetic
Nanostructures: Evidence for Nonlocal Damping
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID DYNAMICS
AB We demonstrate a strong dependence of the effective damping on the nanomagnet size and the particular spin-wave mode that can be explained by the theory of intralayer transverse-spin pumping. The effective Landau-Lifshitz damping is measured optically in individual, isolated nanomagnets as small as 100 nm. The measurements are accomplished by use of a novel heterodyne magneto-optical microwave microscope with unprecedented sensitivity. Experimental data reveal multiple standing spin-wave modes that we identify by use of micromagnetic modeling as having either localized or delocalized character, described generically as end and center modes. The damping parameter of the two modes depends on both the size of the nanomagnet as well as the particular spin-wave mode that is excited, with values that are enhanced by as much as 40% relative to that measured for an extended film. Contrary to expectations based on the ad hoc consideration of lithography-induced edge damage, the damping for the end mode decreases as the size of the nanomagnet decreases. The data agree with the theory for damping caused by the flow of intralayer transverse spin currents driven by the magnetization curvature. These results have serious implications for the performance of nanoscale spintronic devices such as spin-torque-transfer magnetic random access memory. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.110.117201
C1 [Nembach, Hans T.; Shaw, Justin M.; Boone, Carl T.; Silva, T. J.] NIST, Electromagnet Div, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Nembach, HT (reprint author), NIST, Electromagnet Div, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RI Shaw, Justin/C-1845-2008; Silva, Thomas/C-7605-2013
OI Shaw, Justin/0000-0003-2027-1521; Silva, Thomas/0000-0001-8164-9642
NR 37
TC 51
Z9 52
U1 1
U2 72
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0031-9007
J9 PHYS REV LETT
JI Phys. Rev. Lett.
PD MAR 12
PY 2013
VL 110
IS 11
AR 117201
DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.110.117201
PG 5
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 106VJ
UT WOS:000316172500023
PM 25166568
ER
PT J
AU Dijkstra, JA
Buckman, KL
Ward, D
Evans, DW
Dionne, M
Chen, CY
AF Dijkstra, Jennifer A.
Buckman, Kate L.
Ward, Darren
Evans, David W.
Dionne, Michele
Chen, Celia Y.
TI Experimental and Natural Warming Elevates Mercury Concentrations in
Estuarine Fish
SO PLOS ONE
LA English
DT Article
ID KILLIFISH FUNDULUS-HETEROCLITUS; MICROBIAL SULFATE REDUCTION; SOUTHERN
NEW-ENGLAND; SALT-MARSH; FOOD WEBS; MARINE ECOSYSTEMS; CLIMATE-CHANGE;
METHYLMERCURY PRODUCTION; REDUCING BACTERIA; NORTHEASTERN USA
AB Marine food webs are the most important link between the global contaminant, methylmercury (MeHg), and human exposure through consumption of seafood. Warming temperatures may increase human exposure to MeHg, a potent neurotoxin, by increasing MeHg production as well as bioaccumulation and trophic transfer through marine food webs. Studies of the effects of temperature on MeHg bioaccumulation are rare and no study has specifically related temperature to MeHg fate by linking laboratory experiments with natural field manipulations in coastal ecosystems. We performed laboratory and field experiments on MeHg accumulation under varying temperature regimes using the killifish, Fundulus heteroclitus. Temperature treatments were established in salt pools on a coastal salt marsh using a natural temperature gradient where killifish fed on natural food sources. Temperatures were manipulated across a wider range in laboratory experiments with killifish exposed to MeHg enriched food. In both laboratory microcosms and field mesocosms, MeHg concentrations in killifish significantly increased at elevated temperatures. Moreover, in field experiments, other ancillary variables (salinity, MeHg in sediment, etc.) did not relate to MeHg bioaccumulation. Modeling of laboratory experimental results suggested increases in metabolic rate as a driving factor. The elevated temperatures we tested are consistent with predicted trends in climate warming, and indicate that in the absence of confounding factors, warmer sea surface temperatures could result in greater in bioaccumulation of MeHg in fish, and consequently, increased human exposure.
C1 [Dijkstra, Jennifer A.; Dionne, Michele] Wells Natl Estuarine Res Reserve, Wells, ME 04090 USA.
[Buckman, Kate L.; Chen, Celia Y.] Dartmouth Coll, Dept Biol Sci, Hanover, NH 03755 USA.
[Ward, Darren] Humboldt State Univ, Fisheries Biol Dept, Arcata, CA 95521 USA.
[Evans, David W.] NOAA, Ctr Coastal Fisheries & Habitat Res, Beaufort, NC USA.
RP Dijkstra, JA (reprint author), Wells Natl Estuarine Res Reserve, Wells, ME 04090 USA.
EM jdijkstra@ccom.unh.edu
FU NIEHS (NIH) [P42 ES007373]; Maine Sea Grant [DV-08-017]; George and
Eleanor Ford Foundation
FX Funding for this research was provided by NIEHS (NIH #P42 ES007373) and
Maine Sea Grant (#DV-08-017). Funding for J. A. Dijkstra was provided by
the George and Eleanor Ford Foundation. The funders had no role in study
design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or
preparation of the manuscript.
NR 75
TC 16
Z9 16
U1 5
U2 72
PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA
SN 1932-6203
J9 PLOS ONE
JI PLoS One
PD MAR 12
PY 2013
VL 8
IS 3
AR e58401
DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0058401
PG 9
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 107WV
UT WOS:000316252500024
PM 23554891
ER
PT J
AU Hardison, DR
Sunda, WG
Shea, D
Litaker, RW
AF Hardison, Donnie Ransom
Sunda, William G.
Shea, Damian
Litaker, Richard Wayne
TI Increased Toxicity of Karenia brevis during Phosphate Limited Growth:
Ecological and Evolutionary Implications
SO PLOS ONE
LA English
DT Article
ID FLORIDA RED TIDE; MARINE CHEMICAL ECOLOGY; HARMFUL ALGAL BLOOMS;
NORTH-ATLANTIC OCEAN; MISSISSIPPI RIVER; NITROGEN LIMITATION;
PTYCHODISCUS-BREVIS; SODIUM-CHANNELS; HUMAN EXPOSURE; SOUTH FLORIDA
AB Karenia brevis is the dominant toxic red tide algal species in the Gulf of Mexico. It produces potent neurotoxins (brevetoxins [PbTxs]), which negatively impact human and animal health, local economies, and ecosystem function. Field measurements have shown that cellular brevetoxin contents vary from 1-68 pg/cell but the source of this variability is uncertain. Increases in cellular toxicity caused by nutrient-limitation and inter-strain differences have been observed in many algal species. This study examined the effect of P-limitation of growth rate on cellular toxin concentrations in five Karenia brevis strains from different geographic locations. Phosphorous was selected because of evidence for regional P-limitation of algal growth in the Gulf of Mexico. Depending on the isolate, P-limited cells had 2.3- to 7.3-fold higher PbTx per cell than P-replete cells. The percent of cellular carbon associated with brevetoxins (%C-PbTx) was similar to 0.7 to 2.1% in P-replete cells, but increased to 1.6-5% under P-limitation. Because PbTxs are potent anti-grazing compounds, this increased investment in PbTxs should enhance cellular survival during periods of nutrient-limited growth. The % C-PbTx was inversely related to the specific growth rate in both the nutrient-replete and P-limited cultures of all strains. This inverse relationship is consistent with an evolutionary tradeoff between carbon investment in PbTxs and other grazing defenses, and C investment in growth and reproduction. In aquatic environments where nutrient supply and grazing pressure often vary on different temporal and spatial scales, this tradeoff would be selectively advantageous as it would result in increased net population growth rates. The variation in PbTx/cell values observed in this study can account for the range of values observed in the field, including the highest values, which are not observed under N-limitation. These results suggest P-limitation is an important factor regulating cellular toxicity and adverse impacts during at least some K. brevis blooms.
C1 [Hardison, Donnie Ransom; Sunda, William G.; Litaker, Richard Wayne] Ctr Coastal Fisheries & Habitat Res, Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Natl Ocean Serv, Beaufort, NC 28516 USA.
[Hardison, Donnie Ransom; Shea, Damian] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Biol, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
RP Hardison, DR (reprint author), Ctr Coastal Fisheries & Habitat Res, Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Natl Ocean Serv, Beaufort, NC 28516 USA.
EM rance.hardison@noaa.gov
FU National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)
FX This project was funded by National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration (NOAA) program funds. The funders had no role in study
design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or
preparation of the manuscript.
NR 89
TC 19
Z9 19
U1 3
U2 74
PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA
SN 1932-6203
J9 PLOS ONE
JI PLoS One
PD MAR 12
PY 2013
VL 8
IS 3
AR e58545
DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0058545
PG 15
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 107WV
UT WOS:000316252500029
PM 23554901
ER
PT J
AU Zhang, T
Levy, N
Ha, J
Kuk, Y
Stroscio, JA
AF Zhang, Tong
Levy, Niv
Ha, Jeonghoon
Kuk, Young
Stroscio, Joseph A.
TI Scanning tunneling microscopy of gate tunable topological insulator
Bi2Se3 thin films
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID SURFACE; TRANSPORT; BI2TE3
AB Electrical-field control of the carrier density of topological insulators (TIs) has greatly expanded the possible practical use of these materials. However, the combination of low-temperature local probe studies and a gate tunable TI device remains challenging. We have overcome this limitation by scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy measurements on in situ molecular-beam epitaxy grown Bi2Se3 films on SrTiO3 substrates with prepatterned electrodes. Using this gating method, we are able to tune the Fermi level of the top surface states within a range of approximate to 250 meV on a 3-nm-thick Bi2Se3 device. We report field effect studies of the surface-state dispersion, band gap, and electronic structure at the Fermi level. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevB.87.115410
C1 [Zhang, Tong; Levy, Niv; Ha, Jeonghoon; Stroscio, Joseph A.] NIST, Ctr Nanoscale Sci & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Zhang, Tong; Ha, Jeonghoon] Univ Maryland, Maryland NanoCtr, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Ha, Jeonghoon; Kuk, Young] Seoul Natl Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Seoul 151747, South Korea.
RP Stroscio, JA (reprint author), NIST, Ctr Nanoscale Sci & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM joseph.stroscio@nist.gov
FU University of Maryland through the University of Maryland
[70NANB10H193]; National Institute of Standards and Technology Center
for Nanoscale Science and Technology through the University of Maryland
[70NANB10H193]; Korea Research Foundation [KRF-2010-00349]
FX We thank Steve Blankenship and Alan Band for technical assistance. T.Z.
and J.H. acknowledge support under the Cooperative Research Agreement
between the University of Maryland and the National Institute of
Standards and Technology Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology,
Grant No. 70NANB10H193, through the University of Maryland. J.H. and
Y.K. were partly supported by Korea Research Foundation through Grant
No. KRF-2010-00349.
NR 37
TC 20
Z9 20
U1 2
U2 77
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1098-0121
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD MAR 12
PY 2013
VL 87
IS 11
AR 115410
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.87.115410
PG 6
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 105VS
UT WOS:000316101400006
ER
PT J
AU Fritsch, K
Ross, KA
Qiu, Y
Copley, JRD
Guidi, T
Bewley, RI
Dabkowska, HA
Gaulin, BD
AF Fritsch, K.
Ross, K. A.
Qiu, Y.
Copley, J. R. D.
Guidi, T.
Bewley, R. I.
Dabkowska, H. A.
Gaulin, B. D.
TI Antiferromagnetic spin ice correlations at (1/2,1/2,1/2) in the ground
state of the pyrochlore magnet Tb2Ti2O7
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID NEUTRON-SCATTERING; COULOMB PHASE; MONOPOLES; LIQUID
AB We present high-resolution single-crystal time-of-flight neutron scattering measurements on the candidate quantum spin liquid pyrochlore Tb2Ti2O7 at low temperature and in a magnetic field. At similar to 70 mK and in zero field, Tb2Ti2O7 reveals diffuse magnetic elastic scattering at (1/2, 1/2, 1/2) positions in reciprocal space, consistent with short-range correlated regions based on a two-in, two-out spin ice configuration on a doubled conventional unit cell. This elastic scattering is separated from very low-energy magnetic inelastic scattering by an energy gap of similar to 0.06-0.08 meV. The elastic signal disappears under the application of small magnetic fields and upon elevating temperature. Pinch-point-like elastic diffuse scattering is observed near (1,1,1) and (0,0,2) in zero field at similar to 70 mK, in agreement with Fennell et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 109, 017201 (2012)], supporting the quantum spin ice interpretation of Tb2Ti2O7. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevB.87.094410
C1 [Fritsch, K.; Ross, K. A.; Gaulin, B. D.] McMaster Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Hamilton, ON L8S 4M1, Canada.
[Ross, K. A.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Inst Quantum Matter, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.
[Ross, K. A.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.
[Ross, K. A.; Qiu, Y.; Copley, J. R. D.] NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Qiu, Y.] Univ Maryland, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Guidi, T.; Bewley, R. I.] Rutherford Appleton Lab, ISIS Pulsed Neutron & Muon Facil, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England.
[Dabkowska, H. A.; Gaulin, B. D.] Brockhouse Inst Mat Res, Hamilton, ON L8S 4M1, Canada.
[Gaulin, B. D.] Canadian Inst Adv Res, Toronto, ON M5G 1Z8, Canada.
RP Fritsch, K (reprint author), McMaster Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Hamilton, ON L8S 4M1, Canada.
OI Ross, Kate/0000-0002-7385-7449
FU National Science Foundation [DMR-0944772]; NSERC of Canada
FX The authors acknowledge useful contributions from M. J. P. Gingras. This
work utilized facilities supported in part by the National Science
Foundation under Agreement No. DMR-0944772, and was supported by NSERC
of Canada. The DAVE software package47 was used for data
reduction and analysis of DCS data. LET data were reduced using
Mantid48 and analyzed using the HORACE software
package.49
NR 46
TC 31
Z9 31
U1 4
U2 30
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1098-0121
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD MAR 11
PY 2013
VL 87
IS 9
AR 094410
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.87.094410
PG 6
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 105UK
UT WOS:000316098000002
ER
PT J
AU Ruzic, BP
Greene, CH
Bohn, JL
AF Ruzic, Brandon P.
Greene, Chris H.
Bohn, John L.
TI Quantum defect theory for high-partial-wave cold collisions
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A
LA English
DT Article
ID SCATTERING LENGTH; BOUND-STATE; EQUATION; ENERGY
AB We introduce a choice of reference wave functions that allows multichannel quantum defect theory (MQDT) to describe ultracold collisions involving high-partial-wave quantum numbers L. This requires a careful standardization of the MQDT reference wave functions at long range to ensure their linear independence. To illustrate the simplicity and accuracy of the resulting theory, we perform a comprehensive calculation of L <= 2 Fano-Feshbach resonances in the range 0-1000 G for the scattering of K-40 + Rb-87 in their lowest hyperfine states. Moreover, we derive analytic expressions for our universal set of MQDT parameters in the threshold regime. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevA.87.032706
C1 [Ruzic, Brandon P.; Greene, Chris H.; Bohn, John L.] Univ Colorado, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Ruzic, Brandon P.; Greene, Chris H.; Bohn, John L.] NIST, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Greene, Chris H.] Purdue Univ, Dept Phys, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
RP Ruzic, BP (reprint author), Univ Colorado, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RI Greene, Chris/C-3821-2011
OI Greene, Chris/0000-0002-2096-6385
FU US Department of Energy
FX The authors acknowledge financial support from the US Department of
Energy.
NR 43
TC 17
Z9 17
U1 0
U2 14
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1050-2947
J9 PHYS REV A
JI Phys. Rev. A
PD MAR 11
PY 2013
VL 87
IS 3
AR 032706
DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.87.032706
PG 14
WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Optics; Physics
GA 104VX
UT WOS:000316025300011
ER
PT J
AU Shields, JE
Karr, ME
Johnson, RW
Burden, AR
AF Shields, Janet E.
Karr, Monette E.
Johnson, Richard W.
Burden, Art R.
TI Day/night whole sky imagers for 24-h cloud and sky assessment: history
and overview
SO APPLIED OPTICS
LA English
DT Article
ID LINDENBERG; GERMANY; SUPPORT; SURFACE; VIS/NIR
AB A family of fully automated digital whole sky imagers (WSIs) has been developed at the Marine Physical Laboratory over many years, for a variety of research and military applications. The most advanced of these, the day/night whole sky imagers (D/N WSIs), acquire digital imagery of the full sky down to the horizon under all conditions from full sunlight to starlight. Cloud algorithms process the imagery to automatically detect the locations of cloud for both day and night. The instruments can provide absolute radiance distribution over the full radiance range from starlight through daylight. The WSIs were fielded in 1984, followed by the D/N WSIs in 1992. These many years of experience and development have resulted in very capable instruments and algorithms that remain unique. This article discusses the history of the development of the D/N WSIs, system design, algorithms, and data products. The paper cites many reports with more detailed technical documentation. Further details of calibration, day and night algorithms, and cloud free line-of-sight results will be discussed in future articles. (C) 2013 Optical Society of America
C1 [Shields, Janet E.; Karr, Monette E.; Johnson, Richard W.] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, Marine Phys Lab, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
[Burden, Art R.] NOAA, Cooperat Inst Climate & Satellites NC, Natl Climat Data Ctr, Asheville, NC 28801 USA.
RP Shields, JE (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, Marine Phys Lab, 9500 Gilman Dr, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
EM jshields@ucsd.edu
FU Air Force Phillips Laboratory; Air Force Geophysics Laboratory; Air
Force Research Laboratory; Starfire Optical Range; Office of Naval
Research; Deutsche Wetterdienst; Department of Energy's Atmospheric
Radiation Program; Boeing SVC
FX The authors would like to thank our many sponsors, including the Air
Force Phillips Laboratory, the Air Force Geophysics Laboratory, the Air
Force Research Laboratory and the Starfire Optical Range, the Office of
Naval Research, the Deutsche Wetterdienst, the Department of Energy's
Atmospheric Radiation Program, and Boeing SVC. Also, the authors would
like to thank the many talented and dedicated individuals working within
the AOG who have contributed to these systems over the years: Justin
Baker, Melissa Ciandro, John Fox, Wayne Hering, Thomas Koehler, Brad
Kroeger, Vincent Mikuls, David Sauer, Daniel Schickele, Harry Sprink,
Jake Streeter, Jack Varah, Jason Wertz, Richard Weymouth, and Eugene
Zawadzki. The authors also thank the administrative staff of MPL,
without whose support this work could not have been done.
NR 58
TC 26
Z9 27
U1 0
U2 10
PU OPTICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1559-128X
EI 2155-3165
J9 APPL OPTICS
JI Appl. Optics
PD MAR 10
PY 2013
VL 52
IS 8
BP 1605
EP 1616
DI 10.1364/AO.52.001605
PG 12
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA 103DL
UT WOS:000315894500009
PM 23478763
ER
PT J
AU Lazzati, D
Morsony, BJ
Margutti, R
Begelman, MC
AF Lazzati, Davide
Morsony, Brian J.
Margutti, Raffaella
Begelman, Mitchell C.
TI PHOTOSPHERIC EMISSION AS THE DOMINANT RADIATION MECHANISM IN
LONG-DURATION GAMMA-RAY BURSTS
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE gamma-ray burst: general; hydrodynamics; methods: numerical;
relativistic processes
ID PEAK-ENERGY; PROMPT EMISSION; COMPREHENSIVE ANALYSIS; JETS; LUMINOSITY;
MODEL; EFFICIENCY; SPECTRA; GRB; THERMALIZATION
AB We present the results of a set of numerical simulations of long-duration gamma-ray burst jets associated with massive, compact stellar progenitors. The simulations extend to large radii and allow us to locate the region in which the peak frequency of the advected radiation is set before the radiation is released at the photosphere. Light curves and spectra are calculated for different viewing angles as well as different progenitor structures and jet properties. We find that the radiation released at the photosphere of matter-dominated jets is able to reproduce the observed Amati and energy-Lorentz factor correlations. Our simulations also predict a correlation between the burst energy and the radiative efficiency of the prompt phase, consistent with observations.
C1 [Lazzati, Davide] NC State Univ, Dept Phys, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
[Morsony, Brian J.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Astron, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[Margutti, Raffaella] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, ITC, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Begelman, Mitchell C.] Univ Colorado, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Begelman, Mitchell C.] NIST, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Begelman, Mitchell C.] Univ Colorado, Dept Astrophys & Planetary Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RP Lazzati, D (reprint author), NC State Univ, Dept Phys, 2401 Stinson Dr, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
FU Fermi GI program [NNX10AP55G, NNX12AO74G]; NSF Astronomy and
Astrophysics Postdoctoral Fellowship [AST-1102796]
FX We thank S. E. Woosley and A. Heger for making their pre-SN models
available, Lorenzo Amati for sharing his up-to-date data on the Amati
correlation before publication, and Gabriele Ghisellini and Dimitrios
Giannios for valuable discussions. The software used in this work was in
part developed by the DOE-supported ASC/Alliance Center for
Astrophysical Thermonuclear Flashes at the University of Chicago. This
work was supported in part by the Fermi GI program grants NNX10AP55G and
NNX12AO74G (DL). B.J.M. is supported by an NSF Astronomy and
Astrophysics Postdoctoral Fellowship under award AST-1102796.
NR 49
TC 34
Z9 34
U1 0
U2 7
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0004-637X
EI 1538-4357
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD MAR 10
PY 2013
VL 765
IS 2
AR 103
DI 10.1088/0004-637X/765/2/103
PG 7
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 103MP
UT WOS:000315921500028
ER
PT J
AU Monroe, C
Kim, J
AF Monroe, C.
Kim, J.
TI Scaling the Ion Trap Quantum Processor
SO SCIENCE
LA English
DT Review
ID ENTANGLED STATES; ARCHITECTURE; COMPUTATION; WAVELENGTH; OPERATIONS
AB Trapped atomic ions are standards for quantum information processing, serving as quantum memories, hosts of quantum gates in quantum computers and simulators, and nodes of quantum communication networks. Quantum bits based on trapped ions enjoy a rare combination of attributes: They have exquisite coherence properties, they can be prepared and measured with nearly 100% efficiency, and they are readily entangled with each other through the Coulomb interaction or remote photonic interconnects. The outstanding challenge is the scaling of trapped ions to hundreds or thousands of qubits and beyond, at which scale quantum processors can outperform their classical counterparts in certain applications. We review the latest progress and prospects in that effort, with the promise of advanced architectures and new technologies, such as microfabricated ion traps and integrated photonics.
C1 [Monroe, C.] Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, JQI, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Monroe, C.] NIST, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Kim, J.] Duke Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Durham, NC 27708 USA.
[Kim, J.] Appl Quantum Technol, Durham, NC 27707 USA.
RP Monroe, C (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, JQI, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
EM monroe@umd.edu
RI Monroe, Christopher/G-8105-2011
FU U.S. Army Research Office (ARO) [W911NF0710576]; Defense Advanced
Research Projects Agency (DARPA) Optical Lattice Emulator Program, ARO
[W911NF0410234]; Intelligence Advanced Research Projects Activity
Multi-Qubit Coherent Operations program, ARO Multidisciplinary
University Initiative [W911NF0910406, W31P4Q1210017]; DARPA Quiness
Program; NSF Physics Frontier Center at JQI
FX This work was supported by the U.S. Army Research Office (ARO) award
W911NF0710576 with funds from the Defense Advanced Research Projects
Agency (DARPA) Optical Lattice Emulator Program, ARO award W911NF0410234
with funds from the Intelligence Advanced Research Projects Activity
Multi-Qubit Coherent Operations program, ARO Multidisciplinary
University Initiative award W911NF0910406 on Hybrid Quantum Optical
Circuits, Army Contracting Command award W31P4Q1210017 with funds from
the DARPA Quiness Program, and the NSF Physics Frontier Center at JQI.
NR 43
TC 128
Z9 128
U1 11
U2 89
PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA
SN 0036-8075
J9 SCIENCE
JI Science
PD MAR 8
PY 2013
VL 339
IS 6124
BP 1164
EP 1169
DI 10.1126/science.1231298
PG 6
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 100OG
UT WOS:000315709900037
PM 23471398
ER
PT J
AU Collette, BB
Polidoro, B
Carpenter, K
AF Collette, Bruce B.
Polidoro, Beth
Carpenter, Kent
TI Corrected numbers for fish on Red List
SO NATURE
LA English
DT Letter
C1 [Collette, Bruce B.] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Washington, DC 20520 USA.
[Polidoro, Beth] Arizona State Univ, Phoenix, AZ USA.
[Carpenter, Kent] Old Dominion Univ, Norfolk, VA USA.
RP Collette, BB (reprint author), Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Washington, DC 20520 USA.
EM collettb@si.edu
NR 2
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 3
U2 16
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 0028-0836
J9 NATURE
JI Nature
PD MAR 7
PY 2013
VL 495
IS 7439
BP 47
EP 47
PG 1
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 105BE
UT WOS:000316039800028
PM 23467163
ER
PT J
AU Truong, GW
Long, DA
Cygan, A
Lisak, D
van Zee, RD
Hodges, JT
AF Truong, G. -W.
Long, D. A.
Cygan, A.
Lisak, D.
van Zee, R. D.
Hodges, J. T.
TI Comb-linked, cavity ring-down spectroscopy for measurements of molecular
transition frequencies at the kHz-level
SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID WAVELENGTH-CALIBRATION LINES; O-2 A-BAND; OPTICAL FREQUENCY; LASER;
ABSORPTION; POSITIONS; SHIFT; NM
AB We present a low uncertainty measurement technique for determining molecular transition frequencies. This approach is complementary to sub-Doppler saturation spectroscopies and is expected to enable new frequency measurements for a wide variety of molecular species with uncertainties at the kHz-level. The technique involves measurements of Doppler broadened lines using cavity ring-down spectroscopy whereby the probe laser is actively locked to the ring-down cavity and the spectrum frequencies are linked directly to an optical frequency comb that is referenced to an atomic frequency standard. As a demonstration we have measured the transition frequency of the (30012) <- (00001) P14e line of CO2 near 1.57 mu m with a combined standard uncertainty of similar to 9 kHz. This technique exhibits exceptional promise for measurements of transition frequencies and pressure shifting parameters of many weak absorbers, and indicates the potential for substantially improved measurements when compared to those obtained with conventional spectroscopic methods. (C) 2013 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4792372]
C1 [Truong, G. -W.; Long, D. A.; Cygan, A.; Lisak, D.; van Zee, R. D.; Hodges, J. T.] NIST, Mat Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Truong, G. -W.] Univ Western Australia, Frequency Stand & Metrol Res Grp, Sch Phys, Perth, WA 6009, Australia.
[Cygan, A.; Lisak, D.] Nicholas Copernicus Univ, Fac Phys Astron & Informat, Inst Phys, PL-87100 Torun, Poland.
RP Long, DA (reprint author), NIST, Mat Measurement Lab, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM david.long@nist.gov; joseph.hodges@nist.gov
RI Cygan, Agata/E-1393-2014; Lisak, Daniel/E-1470-2014
FU NIST Greenhouse Gas Measurements and Climate Research Program;
Australian Fulbright Fellowship; Foundation for Polish Science TEAM
Project; EU European Regional Development Fund; National Science Centre
[DEC-2011/01/B/ST2/00491]
FX Support was provided by the NIST Greenhouse Gas Measurements and Climate
Research Program. G.-W. Truong was supported at NIST by an Australian
Fulbright Fellowship. A. Cygan and D. Lisak's research was partially
supported by the Foundation for Polish Science TEAM Project co-financed
by the EU European Regional Development Fund, the National Science
Centre, Project No. DEC-2011/01/B/ST2/00491 and is part of the program
of the National Laboratory FAMO in Torun, Poland.
NR 33
TC 26
Z9 26
U1 5
U2 72
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-9606
J9 J CHEM PHYS
JI J. Chem. Phys.
PD MAR 7
PY 2013
VL 138
IS 9
AR 094201
DI 10.1063/1.4792372
PG 7
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 102WD
UT WOS:000315874200016
PM 23485285
ER
PT J
AU Kofu, M
Nagao, M
Ueki, T
Kitazawa, Y
Nakamura, Y
Sawamura, S
Watanabe, M
Yamamuro, O
AF Kofu, Maiko
Nagao, Michihiro
Ueki, Takeshi
Kitazawa, Yuzo
Nakamura, Yutaro
Sawamura, Syota
Watanabe, Masayoshi
Yamamuro, Osamu
TI Heterogeneous Slow Dynamics of Imidazolium-Based Ionic Liquids Studied
by Neutron Spin Echo
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B
LA English
DT Article
ID PHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES; RELAXATION PROCESSES; TEMPERATURE;
HEXAFLUOROPHOSPHATE; CONDUCTIVITY; DIFFRACTION; SCATTERING; CATION
AB We have investigated structure and relaxation phenomena for ionic liquids 1-octy1-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate (C8mimPF(6)) and bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide (C8mimTESI) by means of neutron diffraction and neutron spin echo (NSE) techniques. The diffraction patterns show two distinct peaks appeared at scattering vectors Q of 0.3 and 1.0 A(-1). The former originates from the nanoscale structure characteristic to ionic liquids and the latter due to the interionic correlations. Interestingly, the intensity of the low-Q peak drastically grows upon cooling and 0 3 keeps growing even below the glass transition temperature. The NSE measurements have been performed at these two Q positions, to explore the time evolution of each correlation. The relaxation related to the ionic correlation (ionic diffusion) is of Arrhenius-type and exhibits nonexponential behavior. The activation energy (Ea) of the ionic diffusion, which is linked to viscosity, depends on the type of anion; the larger is the anion size, the smaller Ea becomes for most of anions. On the other hand, two kinds of relaxation processes, slower and faster ones, are found at the low-Qpeak position. The most significant finding is that the fraction of the slower relaxation increases and that of the faster one decreases upon cooling. Combining the NSE data with the diffraction data, we conclude that there exist two parts in ILs: one with the ordered nanostructure exhibiting the slow relaxation, and the other with disordered structure showing faster relaxation. The structure and dynamics of ILs are heterogeneous in nature, and the fraction of each part changes with temperature.
C1 [Kofu, Maiko; Yamamuro, Osamu] Univ Tokyo, Inst Solid State Phys, Kashiwa, Chiba 2778581, Japan.
[Nagao, Michihiro] NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Nagao, Michihiro] Indiana Univ, Ctr Explorat Energy & Matter, Bloomington, IN 47408 USA.
[Ueki, Takeshi; Kitazawa, Yuzo; Nakamura, Yutaro; Sawamura, Syota; Watanabe, Masayoshi] Yokohama Natl Univ, Dept Chem & Biotechnol, Hodogaya Ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 2408501, Japan.
RP Yamamuro, O (reprint author), Univ Tokyo, Inst Solid State Phys, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 2778581, Japan.
EM yamamuro@issp.u-tokyo.ac.jp
RI WATANABE, Masayoshi/M-4816-2014; Ueki, Takeshi/J-4251-2015
OI WATANABE, Masayoshi/0000-0003-4092-6150; Ueki,
Takeshi/0000-0001-9317-6280
FU MEXT, Japan [17073004]; US-Japan Cooperative Program on Neutron
Scattering; National Science Foundation [DMR0944772]
FX This work is financially supported by a Grant-in-Aid for Scientific
Research on Priority Area no. 17073004, MEXT, Japan, and by the US-Japan
Cooperative Program on Neutron Scattering. This work utilized facilities
supported in part by the National Science Foundation under Agreement No.
DMR0944772.
NR 39
TC 41
Z9 41
U1 4
U2 54
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1520-6106
J9 J PHYS CHEM B
JI J. Phys. Chem. B
PD MAR 7
PY 2013
VL 117
IS 9
BP 2773
EP 2781
DI 10.1021/jp312608r
PG 9
WC Chemistry, Physical
SC Chemistry
GA 104GJ
UT WOS:000315979600019
PM 23391265
ER
PT J
AU Brown, RC
Wu, SJ
Porto, JV
Sansonetti, CJ
Simien, CE
Brewer, SM
Tan, JN
Gillaspy, JD
AF Brown, Roger C.
Wu, Saijun
Porto, J. V.
Sansonetti, Craig J.
Simien, C. E.
Brewer, Samuel M.
Tan, Joseph N.
Gillaspy, J. D.
TI Quantum interference and light polarization effects in unresolvable
atomic lines: Application to a precise measurement of the Li-6,Li-7 D-2
lines
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A
LA English
DT Article
ID HYPERFINE-STRUCTURE; QUADRUPOLE-MOMENT; RESONANCE LINES; MAGNETIC
DIPOLE; ISOTOPE SHIFTS; FREQUENCY; FINE; STATES; LI-7; SPECTROSCOPY
AB We characterize the effect of quantum interference on the line shapes and measured line positions in atomic spectra. These effects, which occur when the excited-state splittings are of order of the natural line widths, represent an overlooked but significant systematic effect. We show that excited-state interference gives rise to non-Lorentzian line shapes that depend on excitation polarization, and we present expressions for the corrected line shapes. We present spectra of Li-6,Li-7 D lines taken at multiple excitation laser polarizations and show that failure to account for interference changes the inferred line strengths and shifts the line centers by as much as 1 MHz. Using the correct line shape, we determine absolute optical transition frequencies with an uncertainty of <= 25 kHz and provide an improved determination of the difference in mean-square nuclear charge radii between Li-6 and Li-7. This analysis should be important for a number of high-resolution spectral measurements that include partially resolvable atomic lines. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevA.87.032504
C1 [Brown, Roger C.; Wu, Saijun; Porto, J. V.; Sansonetti, Craig J.; Simien, C. E.; Brewer, Samuel M.; Tan, Joseph N.; Gillaspy, J. D.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Brown, Roger C.; Wu, Saijun; Porto, J. V.; Simien, C. E.; Brewer, Samuel M.] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
RP Brown, RC (reprint author), NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RI Brown, Roger/A-9630-2009
OI Brown, Roger/0000-0002-8228-4283
NR 52
TC 25
Z9 25
U1 2
U2 28
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1050-2947
J9 PHYS REV A
JI Phys. Rev. A
PD MAR 7
PY 2013
VL 87
IS 3
AR 032504
DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.87.032504
PG 12
WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Optics; Physics
GA 100TX
UT WOS:000315727700009
ER
PT J
AU Safronova, UI
Safronova, MS
AF Safronova, U. I.
Safronova, M. S.
TI Relativistic many-body calculation of energies, lifetimes,
polarizabilities, and hyperpolarizabilities in Li-like Be+
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A
LA English
DT Article
ID LITHIUM ISOELECTRONIC SEQUENCE; OSCILLATOR-STRENGTHS;
TRANSITION-PROBABILITIES; VARIATIONAL CALCULATIONS; WAVE-FUNCTIONS;
DISPERSION COEFFICIENTS; MATRIX-ELEMENTS; FINE-STRUCTURE; GROUND-STATES;
EXCITED TERMS
AB Excitation energies of the ns, np, nd, and nf (n <= 9) states in Li-like Be+ are evaluated within the framework of relativistic many-body theory. First-, second-, third-, and all-order Coulomb energies and first-and second- order Breit corrections to the energies are calculated. Two alternative treatments of the Breit interaction are investigated. In the first approach, we omit Breit contributions to the Dirac-Fock potential and evaluate Coulomb and Breit-Coulomb corrections through second order perturbatively. In the second approach, we include both Coulomb and Breit contributions on the same footing via the Breit-Dirac-Fock potential and then treat the residual Breit and Coulomb interactions perturbatively. The results obtained from the two approaches are compared and discussed. All-order calculations of reduced matrix elements, oscillator strengths, transition rates, and lifetimes are given for levels up to n = 9. Electric-dipole (2s-np), electric-quadrupole (2s-nd), and electric-octupole (2s-nf) matrix elements are evaluated in order to obtain the corresponding ground-state multipole polarizabilities using the sum-over-states approach. Recommended values are provided for a large number of electric-dipole matrix elements. Scalar and tensor polarizabilities for the ns, np(1/2), np(3/2), nd(3/2), and nd(5/2) states with n <= 9 are also calculated. The scalar hyperpolarizability for the ground 2s state is evaluated and compared with the result of a nonrelativistic calculation. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevA.87.032502
C1 [Safronova, U. I.] Univ Nevada, Dept Phys, Reno, NV 89557 USA.
[Safronova, U. I.] Univ Notre Dame, Dept Phys, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA.
[Safronova, M. S.] Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Sharp Lab 217, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
[Safronova, M. S.] NIST, Joint Quantum Inst, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Safronova, M. S.] Univ Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Safronova, UI (reprint author), Univ Nevada, Dept Phys, Reno, NV 89557 USA.
FU US NSF [PHY-1068699]
FX The work of M.S.S. was supported in part by US NSF Grant No.
PHY-1068699.
NR 81
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 11
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1050-2947
J9 PHYS REV A
JI Phys. Rev. A
PD MAR 7
PY 2013
VL 87
IS 3
AR 032502
DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.87.032502
PG 14
WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Optics; Physics
GA 100TX
UT WOS:000315727700007
ER
PT J
AU Lee, MY
Munroe, TA
Shao, KT
AF Lee, Mao-Ying
Munroe, Thomas A.
Shao, Kwang-Tsao
TI Symphurus orientalis (Bleeker) redefined based on morphological and
molecular characters (Pleuronectiformes: Cynoglossidae)
SO ZOOTAXA
LA English
DT Article
DE Symphurus orientalis; Symphurus novemfasciatus; flatfish; redescription;
synonym; tonguefish; species complex; cryptic species
ID 16S RIBOSOMAL-RNA; PACIFIC TONGUEFISH PLEURONECTIFORMES; DNA BARCODING
REVEALS; WESTERN PACIFIC; HYDROTHERMAL VENTS; TAXONOMIC STATUS;
IDENTIFICATION; PERCIFORMES; AUSTRALIA; TELEOSTEI
AB Aphoristia (= Symphurus) orientalis Bleeker 1879, collected from an unspecified depth and location in Japanese waters, is the first described species of symphurine tonguefish from Indo-Pacific waters. The original description with accompanying illustration is based on the unique holotype specimen and provides limited diagnostic characters for this taxon. Subsequent to its description, the holotype of A. orientalis has been lost. Limited diagnostic information and loss of the holotype have caused considerable confusion to subsequent systematic studies regarding the identity of this and similar tonguefish species occurring in the Indo-West Pacific region. Several, often-cited, taxonomic accounts purportedly redescribing S. orientalis are erroneous because they include more than one species in these redescriptions. These erroneous redescriptions not only confused the species concept of S. orientalis (Bleeker), but also confounded the systematics of similar Indo-West Pacific tonguefishes. Symphurus novemfasciatus Shen and Lin, described on two specimens collected in southern Taiwan, shares many morphological and pigmentation features similar to those of S. orientalis. Morphological data from a large series of tonguefishes collected in Taiwanese and Japanese waters, as well as molecular data from a smaller number of specimens from these locations, including the type locality of S. novemfasciatus, confirm the presence of only one species, S. orientalis (Bleeker), among these specimens. Symphurus novemfasciatus Shen and Lin is therefore regarded as a junior subjective synonym of S. orientalis. Symphurus orientalis is redefined based on a large series of specimens identified by a consistent set of morphological criteria, and a neotype is designated to stabilize nomenclature and systematics of this species. Symphurus orientalis differs from congeners by its combination of: a predominant 1-2-2-2-2 pattern of interdigitation of proximal dorsal-fin pterygiophores and neural spines, 12 caudal-fin rays, 9 abdominal and 52-55 total vertebrae, four hypurals, 96-101 dorsal-fin rays, 82-89 anal-fin rays, 87-99 longitudinal scale rows, 37-42 transverse scales, 5-11 (usually) distinct, complete or incomplete, blackish-brown crossbands on the ocular side, uniformly white blind side, and conspicuous bluish-black peritoneum. Documenting morphological variation for S. orientalis represents the most important step towards clarification of the identity of this and other symphurine tonguefish species from this region. Reliable identification of specimens of S. orientalis also provides the foundation for evaluating the status of several other, poorly-known, nominal species of Indo-West Pacific tonguefishes that have features similar to those of S. orientalis. Improved identifications will lead to better knowledge on the geographic distribution of S. orientalis and these other species, as well as to improve estimates of biodiversity and the biogeography of Indo-West Pacific symphurine tonguefishes.
C1 [Lee, Mao-Ying] Natl Taiwan Ocean Univ, Dept Aquaculture, Keelung 20224, Taiwan.
[Munroe, Thomas A.] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Natl Systemat Lab, Smithsonian Inst,Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
[Shao, Kwang-Tsao] Acad Sinica, Biodivers Res Ctr, Lab Fish Ecol & Evolut, Taipei 11529, Taiwan.
RP Shao, KT (reprint author), Acad Sinica, Biodivers Res Ctr, Lab Fish Ecol & Evolut, Taipei 11529, Taiwan.
EM coleoptera@gmail.com; munroet@si.edu; zoskt@gate.sinica.edu.tw
FU National Science Council [NSC 96-2628-B-001-006-MY3, NSC
99-2621-B-001-008-MY3]; Biodiversity Research Center, Academia Sinica.
FX This work represents a portion of a collecting activities grant
investigating the biodiversity and systematics of deep-sea fishes in
Taiwanese waters supported by the National Science Council (NSC
96-2628-B-001-006-MY3 and NSC 99-2621-B-001-008-MY3) and awarded to
K.-T. Shao, Biodiversity Research Center, Academia Sinica. We thank
H.-M. Yeh, Coastal and Offshore Resource Research Center, Fisheries
Research Institute, who kindly provided trawl station data from research
vessels. H.-C. Ho, P.-F. Lee, Y.-C. Liao and L.-P. Lin assisted with
collecting specimens and kindly provided other specimens used in this
study. K.-C. Hsu advised M.-Y. Lee regarding molecular aspects of this
research study. A. Collins, NSL, kindly provided information and helpful
editorial suggestions regarding molecular approaches used in this study.
L.-P. Lin and C.-W. Chang assisted with loans and shipments of
specimens. M. Nizinski provided assistance and support during M.-Y.
Lee's visit to the National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian
Institution. H. Endo, N. Nakayama, and R. Asaoka provided assistance and
support during M.-Y. Lee's visit to the Department of Biology, Faculty
of Science, Kochi University. They also provided two important fresh
specimens of S. orientalis from Japan to help with molecular
comparisons. K. Matsuura and G. Shinohara provided loan of Suruga Bay
specimens during M.-Y. Lee's visit to the Department of Zoology,
National Science Museum. K. Murphy (USNM) assisted with specimen and
catalogue information. K. Nakaya, Hokkaido University, provided the
photograph of the holotype of S. septemstriatus. K. Vinnikov, University
of Hawaii at Manoa, graciously provided translations of Russian
literature. L. Willis, NMFS-NSL, assisted with literature. H.-M. Chen
provided comments on an early draft of the manuscript. M.-Y. Lee extends
his appreciation to all members of the Laboratory of Fish Ecology and
Evolution for their support, especially H. Lee for helping to draw the
distribution map and assistance during this study.
NR 117
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 1
PU MAGNOLIA PRESS
PI AUCKLAND
PA PO BOX 41383, AUCKLAND, ST LUKES 1030, NEW ZEALAND
SN 1175-5326
EI 1175-5334
J9 ZOOTAXA
JI Zootaxa
PD MAR 7
PY 2013
VL 3620
IS 3
BP 379
EP 403
PG 25
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA 103RS
UT WOS:000315937200003
PM 26120714
ER
PT J
AU Ates, S
Agha, I
Gulinatti, A
Rech, I
Badolato, A
Srinivasan, K
AF Ates, Serkan
Agha, Imad
Gulinatti, Angelo
Rech, Ivan
Badolato, Antonio
Srinivasan, Kartik
TI Improving the performance of bright quantum dot single photon sources
using temporal filtering via amplitude modulation
SO SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
LA English
DT Article
ID EMISSION; GENERATION; NANOWIRE
AB Single epitaxially-grown semiconductor quantum dots have great potential as single photon sources for photonic quantum technologies, though in practice devices often exhibit nonideal behavior. Here, we demonstrate that amplitude modulation can improve the performance of quantum-dot-based sources. Starting with a bright source consisting of a single quantum dot in a fiber-coupled microdisk cavity, we use synchronized amplitude modulation to temporally filter the emitted light. We observe that the single photon purity, temporal overlap between successive emission events, and indistinguishability can be greatly improved with this technique. As this method can be applied to any triggered single photon source, independent of geometry and after device fabrication, it is a flexible approach to improve the performance of systems based on single solid-state quantum emitters, which often suffer from excess dephasing and multi-photon background emission.
C1 [Ates, Serkan; Agha, Imad; Srinivasan, Kartik] NIST, Ctr Nanoscale Sci & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Ates, Serkan; Agha, Imad] Univ Maryland, Maryland NanoCtr, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Gulinatti, Angelo; Rech, Ivan] Politecn Milan, Dipartimento Elettron & Informaz, I-20133 Milan, Italy.
[Badolato, Antonio] Univ Rochester, Dept Phys & Astron, Rochester, NY 14627 USA.
RP Ates, S (reprint author), NIST, Ctr Nanoscale Sci & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM serkan.ates@nist.gov; kartik.srinivasan@nist.gov
RI GULINATTI, ANGELO/F-1335-2010; Ates, Serkan/M-6083-2014; Badolato,
Antonio/E-9778-2015;
OI GULINATTI, ANGELO/0000-0001-6701-9126; Rech, Ivan/0000-0002-1430-1010
FU University of Maryland; NIST-CNST, Award [70NANB10H193]
FX S.A. and I.A. acknowledge support under the Cooperative Research
Agreement between the University of Maryland and NIST-CNST, Award
70NANB10H193. The authors thank Matthew Rakher for useful discussions
and early contributions to this work.
NR 39
TC 20
Z9 20
U1 2
U2 34
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 2045-2322
J9 SCI REP-UK
JI Sci Rep
PD MAR 7
PY 2013
VL 3
AR 1397
DI 10.1038/srep01397
PG 7
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 100RV
UT WOS:000315720500002
PM 23466520
ER
PT J
AU Zhang, JY
Bearden, DW
Fuhrer, T
Xu, LS
Fu, WJ
Zuo, TM
Dorn, HC
AF Zhang, Jianyuan
Bearden, Daniel W.
Fuhrer, Tim
Xu, Liaosa
Fu, Wujun
Zuo, Tianming
Dorn, Harry C.
TI Enhanced Dipole Moments in Trimetallic Nitride Template Endohedral
Metallofullerenes with the Pentalene Motif
SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID ISOLATED PENTAGON RULE; IPR CARBON CAGE; FULLERENE CAGE;
STRUCTURAL-CHARACTERIZATION; MATERIALS SCIENCE; CLUSTER; FAMILY; SIZE;
C-70; C-60
AB Although not found to date in empty-cage fullerenes, the fused pentagon motifs (pentalenes) are allowed in endohedral metallofullerenes (EMFs). We have found that members of the trimetallic nitride template (TNT) EMF Y3N@C-2n (n = 39-44) family that contain pentalene motifs exhibit significant dipole moments. This finding is predicted to be significant for other EMFs with a metal atom orientated toward the pentalene motif. Chromatographic retention data and computational results for Y3N@C-2-C-78, Y3N@C-2-C-82, and Y3N@C-5-C-84 are examples that pentalene groups lead to a significant induced dipole moment (similar to 1D). A special case is the Y3N@C-2-C-78 that contains two pentalenes in a relatively small cage. The C-13 NMR spectrum for Y3N@C-2-C-78 exhibits strongly deshielded signals for the fullerene cage (155-170 ppm) supporting the presence of the pentalene motif. In addition, a lengthening of the covalent M-N bond in the internal M3N cluster is found for all reported TNT EMFs that contain one or two pentalene motifs.
C1 [Zhang, Jianyuan; Fuhrer, Tim; Xu, Liaosa; Fu, Wujun; Zuo, Tianming; Dorn, Harry C.] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Chem, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA.
[Bearden, Daniel W.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Div Chem Sci, Hollings Marine Lab, Charleston, SC 29412 USA.
[Dorn, Harry C.] Virginia Tech, Caril Res Inst, Roanoke, VA 24016 USA.
RP Bearden, DW (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Div Chem Sci, Hollings Marine Lab, Charleston, SC 29412 USA.
EM dan.bearden@noaa.gov; hdorn@vt.edu
RI Dorn, Harry/K-6830-2013; Zhang, Jianyuan/I-4996-2014
FU National Science Foundation [0938043]; Hollings Marine Laboratory NMR
Facility
FX We are grateful for the support of this work by the National Science
Foundation [0938043] (H.C.D.). D.W.B. and H.C.D. acknowledge the support
from the Hollings Marine Laboratory NMR Facility.
NR 31
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 7
U2 68
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0002-7863
J9 J AM CHEM SOC
JI J. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD MAR 6
PY 2013
VL 135
IS 9
BP 3351
EP 3354
DI 10.1021/ja312045t
PG 4
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 103RN
UT WOS:000315936700013
PM 23342951
ER
PT J
AU Clark, JB
Glorieux, Q
Lett, PD
AF Clark, Jeremy B.
Glorieux, Quentin
Lett, Paul D.
TI Spatially addressable readout and erasure of an image in a gradient echo
memory
SO NEW JOURNAL OF PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID QUANTUM MEMORY
AB We show that portions of an image written into a gradient echo memory can be individually retrieved or erased on demand, an important step toward processing a spatially multiplexed quantum signal. Targeted retrieval is achieved by locally addressing the transverse plane of the storage medium, a warm Rb-85 vapor, with a far-detuned control beam. Spatially addressable erasure is similarly implemented by imaging a bright beam tuned near the Rb-85 D-1 line in order to scatter photons and induce decoherence. Under our experimental conditions atomic diffusion is shown to impose an upper bound on the effective spatial capacity of the memory. The decoherence induced by the optical eraser is characterized and modeled as the response of a two-level atom in the presence of a strong driving field.
C1 [Clark, Jeremy B.] NIST, Quantum Measurement Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
NIST, Joint Quantum Inst, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
Univ Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Clark, JB (reprint author), NIST, Quantum Measurement Div, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM jeremyc@nist.gov
RI Glorieux, Quentin/K-4875-2012
OI Glorieux, Quentin/0000-0003-0903-0233
FU AFSOR; Physics Frontier Center of the Joint Quantum Institute
FX This work is supported by the AFSOR and the Physics Frontier Center of
the Joint Quantum Institute.
NR 26
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 2
U2 24
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 1367-2630
J9 NEW J PHYS
JI New J. Phys.
PD MAR 6
PY 2013
VL 15
AR 035005
DI 10.1088/1367-2630/15/3/035005
PG 10
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 107AM
UT WOS:000316187000001
ER
PT J
AU Thorpe, MJ
Leibrandt, DR
Rosenband, T
AF Thorpe, Michael J.
Leibrandt, David R.
Rosenband, Till
TI Shifts of optical frequency references based on spectral-hole burning in
Eu3+:Y2SiO5
SO NEW JOURNAL OF PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID LASER STABILIZATION; CLOCKS; CAVITY
AB Several properties of Eu3+:Y2SiO5 spectral holes are measured, to assess the suitability of broad-band hole-patterns for use as laser-frequency references. We measure frequency shifts due to magnetic fields, side-features of neighboring spectral holes and changing optical probe power. A precise calibration of a temperature insensitive point is also performed, where the temperature-induced frequency shift is canceled to first order by the pressure-induced shift from the crystal's helium-gas environment.
C1 [Thorpe, Michael J.; Leibrandt, David R.; Rosenband, Till] NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Rosenband, T (reprint author), NIST, 325 Broadway St, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM till.rosenband@nist.gov
FU DARPA QuASAR; ONR
FX We thank R L Cone, J C Bergquist and D J Wineland for useful
discussions, and S Cook and CW Oates for critical readings of this
manuscript. This work is supported by DARPA QuASAR and ONR, and is not
subject to US copyright.
NR 28
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 19
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 1367-2630
J9 NEW J PHYS
JI New J. Phys.
PD MAR 6
PY 2013
VL 15
AR 033006
DI 10.1088/1367-2630/15/3/033006
PG 12
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 106ZI
UT WOS:000316183900001
ER
PT J
AU Satija, II
Pando, CL
Tiesinga, E
AF Satija, Indubala I.
Pando L, Carlos L.
Tiesinga, Eite
TI Soliton dynamics of an atomic spinor condensate on a ring lattice
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A
LA English
DT Article
ID BOSE-EINSTEIN CONDENSATE; MIXING DYNAMICS
AB We study the dynamics of macroscopically coherent matter waves of an ultracold atomic spin-1 or spinor condensate on a ring lattice of six sites and demonstrate the spatiotemporal internal Josephson effect. Using a discrete solitary mode of uncoupled spin components as an initial condition, the time evolution of this many-body system is found to be characterized by two dominant frequencies leading to quasiperiodic dynamics at various sites. The dynamics of spatially averaged and spin-averaged degrees of freedom, however, is periodic enabling a unique identification of the two frequencies. By increasing the spin-dependent atom-atom interaction strength we observe a resonance state, where the ratio of the two frequencies is a characteristic integer multiple and the spin-and-spatial degrees of freedom oscillate in "unison". Crucially, this resonant state is found to signal the onset of chaotic dynamics characterized by a broadband spectrum. In a ferromagnetic spinor condensate with attractive spin-dependent interactions, the resonance is accompanied by a transition from oscillatory-to rotational-type dynamics as the time evolution of the relative phase of the matter wave of the individual spin projections changes from bounded to unbounded. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevA.87.033608
C1 [Satija, Indubala I.] George Mason Univ, Sch Phys Astron & Computat Sci, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA.
[Pando L, Carlos L.] Univ Autonoma Puebla, IFUAP, Puebla 72570, Mexico.
[Tiesinga, Eite] NIST, Joint Quantum Inst, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Tiesinga, Eite] Univ Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Satija, II (reprint author), George Mason Univ, Sch Phys Astron & Computat Sci, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA.
FU Office of Naval Research; CONACYT- Mexico; US Army Research Office
FX This research is supported by Office of Naval Research, the CONACYT-
Mexico, and the US Army Research Office.
NR 33
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 6
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1050-2947
J9 PHYS REV A
JI Phys. Rev. A
PD MAR 6
PY 2013
VL 87
IS 3
AR 033608
DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.87.033608
PG 7
WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Optics; Physics
GA 100TT
UT WOS:000315727300006
ER
PT J
AU Xu, JJ
Turner, JW
Idso, M
Biryukov, SV
Rognstad, L
Gong, H
Trainer, VL
Wells, ML
Strom, MS
Yu, QM
AF Xu, Jiajie
Turner, Jeffrey W.
Idso, Matthew
Biryukov, Stanley V.
Rognstad, Laurel
Gong, Heng
Trainer, Vera L.
Wells, Mark L.
Strom, Mark S.
Yu, Qiuming
TI In Situ Strain-Level Detection and Identification of Vibrio
parahaemolyticus Using Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy
SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID CAPSULAR POLYSACCHARIDE; CELL-ENVELOPE; SERS; BACTERIA; SCATTERING;
ARRAYS; DISCRIMINATION; NANOSTRUCTURES; BIOSENSORS
AB The outer membrane of a bacterium is composed of chemical and biological components that carry specific molecular information related to strains, growth stages, expressions to stimulation, and maybe even geographic differences. In this work, we demonstrate that the biochemical information embedded in the outer membrane can be used for rapid detection and identification of pathogenic bacteria using surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS). We used seven different strains of the marine pathogen Vibrio parahaemolyticus as a model system. The strains represent four genetically distinct clades isolated from clinical and environmental sources in Washington, USA The unique quasi-3D (Q3D) plasmonic nanostructure arrays, optimized using finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) calculations, were used as SERS-active substrates for sensitive and reproducible detection of these bacteria. SERS barcodes were generated on the basis of SERS spectra and were used to successfully detect individual strains in both blind samples and mixtures. The sensing and detection methods developed in this work could have broad applications in the areas of environmental monitoring, biomedical diagnostics, and homeland security.
C1 [Xu, Jiajie; Idso, Matthew; Yu, Qiuming] Univ Washington, Dept Chem Engn, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Turner, Jeffrey W.; Biryukov, Stanley V.; Trainer, Vera L.; Strom, Mark S.] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
[Wells, Mark L.] Univ Maine, Sch Marine Sci, Orono, ME 04469 USA.
[Xu, Jiajie; Gong, Heng] E China Univ Sci & Technol, State Key Lab Bioreactor Engn, Shanghai 200237, Peoples R China.
[Rognstad, Laurel] Tennessee Technol Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Cookeville, TN 38505 USA.
RP Strom, MS (reprint author), NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
EM mark.strom@noaa.gov; qyu@u.washington.edu
FU University of Washington (UW); National Science Foundation [NSF CBET
1158609]; West Coast Center for Oceans and Human Health; NOAA Oceans and
Human Health Initiative; National Marine Fisheries Service; China
Scholarship Council
FX This work was supported in part by the University of Washington (UW)
faculty start-up funds, the National Science Foundation (NSF CBET
1158609), and the West Coast Center for Oceans and Human Health, the
NOAA Oceans and Human Health Initiative, and National Marine Fisheries
Service. J.J.X. acknowledges a fellowship from the China Scholarship
Council. Nanofabrication and studies of SERS were performed at the
Nanotech User Facility, the UW site of the National Nanotechnology
Infrastructure Network (NNIN) supported by the NSF. L.R. acknowledges
the NNIN Research Experience for Undergraduates (REU) program supported
by the NSF.
NR 36
TC 13
Z9 15
U1 6
U2 106
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0003-2700
J9 ANAL CHEM
JI Anal. Chem.
PD MAR 5
PY 2013
VL 85
IS 5
BP 2630
EP 2637
DI 10.1021/ac3021888
PG 8
WC Chemistry, Analytical
SC Chemistry
GA 118NG
UT WOS:000317031600014
PM 23356387
ER
PT J
AU Demoranville, LT
Houssiau, L
Gillen, G
AF Demoranville, Leonard T.
Houssiau, Laurent
Gillen, Greg
TI Behavior and Evaluation of Tetraalkylammonium Bromides as Instrument
Test Materials in Thermal Desorption Ion Mobility Spectrometers
SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID RESOLVING POWER; SPACE-CHARGE; ELECTROSPRAY-IONIZATION; CHEMICAL
STANDARDS; RESOLUTION; PRESSURE
AB Ion mobility spectrometers have found widespread use for the screening of explosives, chemical warfare agents, and illicit drugs. These instruments often rely on drift-time calibrants to perform qualitative identification. Such calibrants are suitable to determine the reduced mobility of compounds, but may not necessarily provide information on instrument performance. These calibrants are often internal and behave in a fashion similar to that of analytes in terms of sensitivity to a variety of instrumental and environmental variations. Ideally, test materials used to evaluate instrument performance would be insensitive to these changes. Current calibrants are sometimes not designed to satisfy these requirements, and although several instrument test materials are also in use, a consensus has not been reached on best practices. A homologous series of tetraalkylammonium salts has been proposed as one alternative instrumental test material set and has been successfully used for electrospray ion mobility spectrometry (IMS)-MS experiments. This study extends these analyses to thermal desorption IMS instruments. The reduced mobility (K-0) values for these compounds, measured on a thermal desorption IMS instrument, are reported and are similar to those reported for electrospray IMS. The variability of daily instrument response to these compounds is small, further supporting their use as test materials. The ionization behavior and thermal profile of the compounds in the thermal desorption process are discussed.
C1 [Demoranville, Leonard T.; Gillen, Greg] NIST, Surface & Microanal Sci Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Houssiau, Laurent] Univ Namur FUNDP, Res Ctr Phys Matter & Radiat PMR, Dept Phys, B-5000 Namur, Belgium.
RP Demoranville, LT (reprint author), Ctr Coll Danville, 600 W Walnut St, Danville, KY 40422 USA.
EM leonard.demoranville@centre.edu
FU National Research Council
FX We thank Drs. R. De Bono and H. Zaleski for helpful conversations and
information. L.T.D. recognizes the National Research Council for funding
his postdoctoral fellowship. Certain commercial equipment, instruments,
or materials are identified in this paper to adequately specify the
experimental procedure. Such identification does not imply
recommendation nor endorsement of the National Institute of Standards
and Technology, nor does it imply that the materials or equipment
identified is necessarily the best available for the purpose.
NR 24
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 18
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0003-2700
J9 ANAL CHEM
JI Anal. Chem.
PD MAR 5
PY 2013
VL 85
IS 5
BP 2652
EP 2658
DI 10.1021/ac302944m
PG 7
WC Chemistry, Analytical
SC Chemistry
GA 118NG
UT WOS:000317031600017
PM 23347209
ER
PT J
AU Madigan, DJ
Baumann, Z
Snodgrass, OE
Ergul, HA
Dewar, H
Fisher, NS
AF Madigan, Daniel J.
Baumann, Zofia
Snodgrass, Owyn E.
Erguel, Halim A.
Dewar, Heidi
Fisher, Nicholas S.
TI Radiocesium in Pacific Bluefin Tuna Thunnus orientalis in 2012 Validates
New Tracer Technique
SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID FUKUSHIMA-DERIVED RADIONUCLIDES; OCEAN; JAPAN; ELASMOBRANCH; MOVEMENTS;
MIGRATION; ACCIDENT; ALBACORE; BEHAVIOR; TELEOST
AB The detection of Fukushima-derived radionuclides in Pacific bluefin tuna (PBFT) that crossed the Pacific Ocean to the California Current Large Marine Ecosystem (CCLME) in 2011 presented the potential to use radiocesium as a tracer in highly migratory species. This tracer requires that all western Pacific Ocean emigrants acquire the Cs-134 signal, a radioisotope undetectable in Pacific biota prior to the Fukushima accident in 2011. We tested the efficacy of the radiocesium tracer by measuring Cs-134 and Cs-137 in PBFT (n = 50) caught in the CCLME in 2012, more than a year after the Fukushima accident. All small PBFT (n = 28; recent migrants from Japan) had Cs-134 (0.7 +/- 0.2 Bq kg(-1)) and elevated Cs-137 (2.0 +/- 0.5 Bq kg(-1)) in their white muscle tissue. Most larger, older fish (n = 22) had no Cs-134 and only background levels of Cs-137, showing that one year in the CCLME is sufficient for Cs-134 and Cs-137 values in PBFT to reach pre-Fukushima levels. Radiocesium concentrations in 2012 PBFT were less than half those from 2011 and well below safety guidelines for public health. Detection of Cs-134 in all recent migrant PBFT supports the use of radiocesium as a tracer in migratory animals in 2012.
C1 [Madigan, Daniel J.] Stanford Univ, Hopkins Marine Stn, Pacific Grove, CA 93950 USA.
[Baumann, Zofia; Fisher, Nicholas S.] SUNY Stony Brook, Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.
[Snodgrass, Owyn E.; Dewar, Heidi] NOAA, Fisheries Resources Div, SW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
[Erguel, Halim A.] Kocaeli Univ, Dept Biol, TR-41300 Izmit, Kocaeli, Turkey.
RP Madigan, DJ (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Hopkins Marine Stn, 120 Ocean View Blvd, Pacific Grove, CA 93950 USA.
EM dmadigan@stanford.edu
FU Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation; NOAA
FX We thank Cheng-Shiuan Lee and Shelagh Zegers for laboratory assistance,
Masatoshi Sugeno for Japanese translation of articles, and Shin-ichi Ito
and Motoyoshi Ikeda for assistance with interpretation of Japanese PBFT
data. This research was supported by grants from the Gordon and Betty
Moore Foundation and NOAA.
NR 40
TC 9
Z9 11
U1 3
U2 47
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0013-936X
J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL
JI Environ. Sci. Technol.
PD MAR 5
PY 2013
VL 47
IS 5
BP 2287
EP 2294
DI 10.1021/es4002423
PG 8
WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 102KT
UT WOS:000315844200020
PM 23398380
ER
PT J
AU Raatikainen, T
Nenes, A
Seinfeld, JH
Morales, R
Moore, RH
Lathem, TL
Lance, S
Padro, LT
Lin, JJ
Cerully, KM
Bougiatioti, A
Cozic, J
Ruehl, CR
Chuang, PY
Anderson, BE
Flagan, RC
Jonsson, H
Mihalopoulos, N
Smith, JN
AF Raatikainen, Tomi
Nenes, Athanasios
Seinfeld, John H.
Morales, Ricardo
Moore, Richard H.
Lathem, Terry L.
Lance, Sara
Padro, Luz T.
Lin, Jack J.
Cerully, Kate M.
Bougiatioti, Aikaterini
Cozic, Julie
Ruehl, Christopher R.
Chuang, Patrick Y.
Anderson, Bruce E.
Flagan, Richard C.
Jonsson, Haflidi
Mihalopoulos, Nikos
Smith, James N.
TI Worldwide data sets constrain the water vapor uptake coefficient in
cloud formation
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF
AMERICA
LA English
DT Article
DE global climate; hydrological cycle; precipitation
ID DROPLET GROWTH-KINETICS; SIZE-RESOLVED CCN; ACTIVATION KINETICS; CLIMATE
MODELS; AEROSOL; HYGROSCOPICITY; CONDENSATION; GASES; ENVIRONMENT;
EMISSIONS
AB Cloud droplet formation depends on the condensation of water vapor on ambient aerosols, the rate of which is strongly affected by the kinetics of water uptake as expressed by the condensation (or mass accommodation) coefficient, alpha(c). Estimates of alpha(c) for droplet growth from activation of ambient particles vary considerably and represent a critical source of uncertainty in estimates of global cloud droplet distributions and the aerosol indirect forcing of climate. We present an analysis of 10 globally relevant data sets of cloud condensation nuclei to constrain the value of alpha(c) for ambient aerosol. We find that rapid activation kinetics (alpha(c) > 0.1) is uniformly prevalent. This finding resolves a long-standing issue in cloud physics, as the uncertainty in water vapor accommodation on droplets is considerably less than previously thought.
C1 [Raatikainen, Tomi; Nenes, Athanasios; Morales, Ricardo; Moore, Richard H.; Lathem, Terry L.; Lance, Sara; Padro, Luz T.; Lin, Jack J.; Cerully, Kate M.; Bougiatioti, Aikaterini] Georgia Inst Technol, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
[Raatikainen, Tomi] Finnish Meteorol Inst, FI-00101 Helsinki, Finland.
[Nenes, Athanasios; Mihalopoulos, Nikos] Fdn Res & Technol Hellas, Inst Chem Engn & High Temp Chem Proc, Patras 71110, Greece.
[Seinfeld, John H.; Moore, Richard H.; Flagan, Richard C.] CALTECH, Pasadenda, CA 91106 USA.
[Moore, Richard H.; Anderson, Bruce E.] NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA 23681 USA.
[Lance, Sara; Smith, James N.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Atmospher Chem Div, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Lance, Sara] SPEC Inc, Boulder, CO 80301 USA.
[Padro, Luz T.] Tufts Univ, Medford, MA 02155 USA.
[Bougiatioti, Aikaterini; Mihalopoulos, Nikos] Univ Crete, Dept Chem, Iraklion 71003, Greece.
[Cozic, Julie] NOAA, Div Chem Sci, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Cozic, Julie] Lab Glaciol & Geophys Environm, F-38402 St Martin Dheres, France.
[Ruehl, Christopher R.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Chuang, Patrick Y.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
[Jonsson, Haflidi] USN, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
[Smith, James N.] Univ Eastern Finland, Dept Appl Phys, Kuopio 70210, Finland.
RP Nenes, A (reprint author), Georgia Inst Technol, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
EM athanasios.nenes@gatech.edu
RI Smith, James/C-5614-2008; Moore, Richard/E-9653-2010; Raatikainen,
Tomi/C-5410-2014; Morales Betancourt, Ricardo/A-3827-2016; Mihalopoulos,
Nikolaos/H-5327-2016
OI Smith, James/0000-0003-4677-8224; Morales Betancourt,
Ricardo/0000-0002-5475-8605; Mihalopoulos, Nikolaos/0000-0002-1282-0896
FU Georgia Tech President's fellowship; National Center for Atmospheric
Research Advanced Study Program Graduate Fellowship; NASA Graduate
Student Researchers Program; Department of Energy Global Change
Education Fellowship; NASA Earth and Space Science Fellowship; NASA
postdoctoral fellowship; NASA Earth System Science fellowship; National
Science Foundation (NSF) fellowship; Georgia Tech institutional
fellowship; DOE grant; Electric Power Research Institute; NSF Faculty
Early Career Development award; NOAA grants; NASA grants
FX We thank Dr. Xiaohong Liu for advice on using the CAM 5.1 and for
providing computer time for the simulations. We also thank all those who
contributed to the measurement campaigns; Charles Brock from the
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Earth System
Research Laboratory; and the National Aeronautics and Space
Administration (NASA) Langley Aerosol Research Group Experiment for
supporting aerosol measurements during Arctic Research of the
Composition of the Troposphere from Aircraft and Satellites. T. R.
thanks the Finnish Cultural Foundation; S. L. and J.J.L. acknowledge the
support of a Georgia Tech President's fellowship and an National Center
for Atmospheric Research Advanced Study Program Graduate Fellowship; and
J.J.L. thanks the NASA Graduate Student Researchers Program for funding.
R. H. M. acknowledges support from a Department of Energy Global Change
Education Fellowship, a NASA Earth and Space Science Fellowship, and a
NASA postdoctoral fellowship. L. T. P. received funding from a NASA
Earth System Science fellowship. T. L. L. acknowledges support from a
National Science Foundation (NSF) fellowship and a Georgia Tech
institutional fellowship. Funding from a DOE grant (to A.N.), the
Electric Power Research Institute, an NSF Faculty Early Career
Development award (to A.N.), NOAA grants (to J.H.S. and A.N.), and NASA
grants (to A.N.) is acknowledged.
NR 34
TC 16
Z9 16
U1 1
U2 52
PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA
SN 0027-8424
J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA
JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A.
PD MAR 5
PY 2013
VL 110
IS 10
BP 3760
EP 3764
DI 10.1073/pnas.1219591110
PG 5
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 109OH
UT WOS:000316377400030
PM 23431189
ER
PT J
AU Safronova, UI
Safronova, MS
AF Safronova, U. I.
Safronova, M. S.
TI Critically evaluated theoretical atomic properties of Y III
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A
LA English
DT Article
ID MANY-BODY CALCULATIONS; OSCILLATOR-STRENGTHS; ISOELECTRONIC-SEQUENCES;
IONS; POLARIZATION; ENERGIES; DIPOLE; SERIES; STATES; SHIFT
AB A systematic study of Y III atomic properties is carried out using high-precision relativistic all-order method. Recommended values and estimates of their uncertainties are provided for a large number of electric-dipole reduced matrix elements, transition rates, and oscillator strengths for allowed transitions between ns, np(j), nd(j), nf(j), and ng(j) levels with n <= 8. The lifetimes of these levels are also evaluated. Electric-quadrupole and magnetic-dipole matrix elements are calculated to determine lifetimes of the 4d(5/2) and 5s metastable levels. The ground-state E1, E2, and E3 static polarizabilities are calculated. This work provides recommended values critically evaluated for their accuracy for a number of Y III atomic properties for use in theoretical modeling as well as planning and analysis of various experiments. We hope that the present study will stimulate further exploration of Y III for various applications owing to its interesting structure of different low-lying metastable levels. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevA.87.032501
C1 [Safronova, U. I.] Univ Nevada, Dept Phys, Reno, NV 89557 USA.
[Safronova, U. I.] Univ Notre Dame, Dept Phys, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA.
[Safronova, M. S.] Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Sharp Lab 217, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
[Safronova, M. S.] NIST, Joint Quantum Inst, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Safronova, M. S.] Univ Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Safronova, UI (reprint author), Univ Nevada, Dept Phys, Reno, NV 89557 USA.
FU NSF [PHY-1068699]
FX The work of M.S.S. was supported in part by the NSF Grant No.
PHY-1068699.
NR 34
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 2
U2 9
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1050-2947
J9 PHYS REV A
JI Phys. Rev. A
PD MAR 5
PY 2013
VL 87
IS 3
AR 032501
DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.87.032501
PG 10
WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Optics; Physics
GA 100TQ
UT WOS:000315726900002
ER
PT J
AU Tuttle, BT
Anderson, SJ
Sutton, PC
Elvidge, CD
Baugh, K
AF Tuttle, Benjamin T.
Anderson, Sharolyn J.
Sutton, Paul C.
Elvidge, Christopher D.
Baugh, Kim
TI It Used To Be Dark Here: Geolocation Calibration of the Defense
Meteorological Satellite Program Operational Linescan System
SO PHOTOGRAMMETRIC ENGINEERING AND REMOTE SENSING
LA English
DT Article
ID POPULATION-DENSITY; CITY LIGHTS; IMAGERY; AREAS
AB Nighttime satellite imagery from the Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) Operational Linescan System (OLS) has a unique capability to observe nocturnal light emissions from sources including cities, wild fires, and gas flares. Data from the DMSP OLS is used in a wide range of studies including mapping urban areas, estimating informal economies, and estimations of population. Given the extensive and increasing list of applications a repeatable method for assessing geolocadon accuracy would be beneficial. An array of portable lights was designed and taken to multiple field sites known to have no other light sources. The lights were operated during night-time overpasses by the DMSP OLS and observed in the imagery. An assessment of the geolocation accuracy was performed by measuring the distance between the GPS measured location of the lights and the observed location in the imagery. A systematic shift was observed and the mean distance was measured at 2.9 km.
C1 [Tuttle, Benjamin T.; Sutton, Paul C.] Univ Denver, Dept Geog, Denver, CO 80208 USA.
[Anderson, Sharolyn J.] Univ S Australia, Sch Nat & Built Environm, Adelaide, SA 5095, Australia.
[Anderson, Sharolyn J.] Univ S Australia, Barbara Hardy Inst, Adelaide, SA 5095, Australia.
[Sutton, Paul C.] Univ S Australia, Barbara Hardy Inst, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia.
[Sutton, Paul C.] Univ S Australia, Sch Nat & Built Environm, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia.
[Elvidge, Christopher D.] NOAA, Natl Geophys Data Ctr, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Baugh, Kim] Univ Colorado, Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Tuttle, BT (reprint author), Univ Denver, Dept Geog, 2199 SUniv Blvd, Denver, CO 80208 USA.
EM bentuttle.du@gmail.com
RI Anderson, Sharolyn/F-4653-2013;
OI Anderson, Sharolyn/0000-0002-9456-0193; Sutton, Paul/0000-0001-6972-3256
FU NASA Earth and Space Science Fellowship; ASPRS Rocky Mountain Region
Scholarship; Colorado Division of Wildlife; National Forest Service; Air
Force Weather Agency
FX This research was funded in part by and NASA Earth and Space Science
Fellowship and an ASPRS Rocky Mountain Region Scholarship. The authors
wish to thank all the individuals at the Colorado Division of Wildlife
and the National Forest Service who helped to organize access to the
field sites as well as the Air Force Weather Agency for their support.
Additionally, thank you to all the individuals who assisted in the
various field expeditions.
NR 28
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 2
U2 14
PU AMER SOC PHOTOGRAMMETRY
PI BETHESDA
PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE SUITE 210, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2160 USA
SN 0099-1112
J9 PHOTOGRAMM ENG REM S
JI Photogramm. Eng. Remote Sens.
PD MAR
PY 2013
VL 79
IS 3
BP 287
EP 297
PG 11
WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing;
Imaging Science & Photographic Technology
SC Physical Geography; Geology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science &
Photographic Technology
GA 295BU
UT WOS:000330092400007
ER
PT J
AU Chupp, TE
Cooper, RL
Coulter, KP
Freedman, SJ
Fujikawa, BK
Jones, GL
Garcia, A
Mumm, HP
Nico, JS
Thompson, AK
Trull, C
Wietfeldt, FE
Wilkerson, JF
AF Chupp, T. E.
Cooper, R. L.
Coulter, K. P.
Freedman, S. J.
Fujikawa, B. K.
Jones, G. L.
Garcia, A.
Mumm, H. P.
Nico, J. S.
Thompson, A. K.
Trull, C.
Wietfeldt, F. E.
Wilkerson, J. F.
CA emiT II Collaboration
TI Time reversal and the neutron Results of the emiT II experiment
SO HYPERFINE INTERACTIONS
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 5th International Symposium on Symmetries in Subatomic Physics (SSP)
CY JUN 18-22, 2012
CL Groningen, NETHERLANDS
DE Time-reversal invariance; Neutron decay; Beta decay
ID BETA-DECAY; ELECTROMAGNETIC SIMULATION; T-VIOLATION; INVARIANCE;
NUCLEAR; HE-3; ODD
AB We have measured the triple correlation with a polarized cold-neutron beam (Mumm et al., Phys Rev Lett 107:102301, 2011; Chupp et al., Phys Rev C 86:035505, 2012). A non-zero value of D can arise due to parity-even-time-reversal-odd interactions that imply CP violation. Final-state effects also contribute to D at the level of 10 (-aEuro parts per thousand 5) and can be calculated with precision of 1 % or better. The D coefficient is uniquely sensitive to the imaginary part of the ratio of axial-vector and vector beta-decay amplitudes as well as to scalar and tensor interactions that could arise due to beyond-Standard-Model physics. Over 300 million proton-electron coincidence events were used in a blind analysis with the result D = [ -aEuro parts per thousand 0.94 +/- 1.89 (stat)+/- 0.97(sys)]x10 (-aEuro parts per thousand 4). Assuming only vector and axial vector interactions in beta decay, our result can be interpreted as a measure of the phase of the axial-vector coupling relative to the vector coupling, . This result also improves constrains on certain non-VA interactions.
C1 [Chupp, T. E.; Cooper, R. L.; Coulter, K. P.] Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
[Freedman, S. J.; Fujikawa, B. K.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Freedman, S. J.; Fujikawa, B. K.] Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Jones, G. L.] Hamilton Coll, Hamilton, NY 13323 USA.
[Garcia, A.] Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Mumm, H. P.; Nico, J. S.; Thompson, A. K.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Trull, C.; Wietfeldt, F. E.] Tulane Univ, New Orleans, LA 70118 USA.
[Wilkerson, J. F.] Univ N Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA.
[Wilkerson, J. F.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Chupp, TE (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
EM chupp@umich.edu
OI Wilkerson, John/0000-0002-0342-0217; Garcia,
Alejandro/0000-0001-6056-6645
NR 28
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 4
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0304-3843
J9 HYPERFINE INTERACT
JI Hyperfine Interact.
PD MAR
PY 2013
VL 214
IS 1-3
BP 97
EP 104
DI 10.1007/s10751-013-0776-y
PG 8
WC Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Condensed Matter;
Physics, Nuclear
SC Physics
GA 112CB
UT WOS:000316568300013
ER
PT J
AU Aubin, S
Behr, JA
Collister, R
Flambaum, VV
Gomez, E
Gwinner, G
Jackson, KP
Melconian, D
Orozco, LA
Pearson, MR
Sheng, D
Sprouse, GD
Tandecki, M
Zhang, J
Zhao, Y
AF Aubin, S.
Behr, J. A.
Collister, R.
Flambaum, V. V.
Gomez, E.
Gwinner, G.
Jackson, K. P.
Melconian, D.
Orozco, L. A.
Pearson, M. R.
Sheng, D.
Sprouse, G. D.
Tandecki, M.
Zhang, J.
Zhao, Y.
TI Atomic parity non-conservation: the francium anapole project of the
FrPNC collaboration at TRIUMF
SO HYPERFINE INTERACTIONS
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 5th International Symposium on Symmetries in Subatomic Physics (SSP)
CY JUN 18-22, 2012
CL Groningen, NETHERLANDS
DE Atomic parity non-conservation; Francium; Weak interactions
ID WEAK NEUTRAL CURRENTS; HIGH-PRECISION MEASUREMENT; OPTICAL-ROTATION;
FUNDAMENTAL SYMMETRIES; TRAPPED FRANCIUM; VIOLATION; PHYSICS; MOMENT;
SPECTROSCOPY; TRANSITION
AB We present a method for measuring the nuclear anapole in a string of francium isotopes. The anapole is a parity non-conserving electromagnetic moment that enables parity-forbidden transitions between ground state hyperfine levels of an atom. The experiment is run by the FrPNC collaboration and relies on a beam of artificially-produced francium from the ISAC facility at TRIUMF.
C1 [Aubin, S.] Coll William & Mary, Dept Phys, Williamsburg, VA 23197 USA.
[Behr, J. A.; Jackson, K. P.; Pearson, M. R.; Tandecki, M.] TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada.
[Flambaum, V. V.] Univ New S Wales, Sch Phys, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
[Gomez, E.] Univ Autonoma San Luis Potosi, Inst Fis, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico.
[Collister, R.; Gwinner, G.; Tandecki, M.] Univ Manitoba, Dept Phys & Astron, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada.
[Melconian, D.] Texas A&M Univ, Inst Cyclotron, College Stn, TX 77843 USA.
[Orozco, L. A.; Sheng, D.; Zhang, J.] Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, JQI, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Orozco, L. A.; Sheng, D.; Zhang, J.] Univ Maryland, NIST, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Sprouse, G. D.] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.
[Zhao, Y.] Shanxi Univ, State Key Lab Quantum Opt & Quantum Opt Devices, Taijuan 030006, Peoples R China.
RP Orozco, LA (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, JQI, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
EM lorozco@umd.edu
RI Sheng, Dong/J-6640-2014; Melconian, Dan/A-1331-2011
OI Melconian, Dan/0000-0002-0142-5428
NR 46
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 1
U2 12
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0304-3843
J9 HYPERFINE INTERACT
JI Hyperfine Interact.
PD MAR
PY 2013
VL 214
IS 1-3
BP 163
EP 171
DI 10.1007/s10751-013-0797-6
PG 9
WC Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Condensed Matter;
Physics, Nuclear
SC Physics
GA 112CB
UT WOS:000316568300022
ER
PT J
AU Birbari, W
Bunning, VK
Dessai, U
Dole, R
Engeljohn, D
Garrett, S
Glass, K
Golden, D
Grooters, SV
Hardin, M
Hoover, D
Johnson, L
Knabel, S
Natrajan, N
Ruple, A
Tauxe, R
Whitaker, R
Zink, D
AF Birbari, Wafa
Bunning, V. Kelly
Dessai, Uday
Dole, Robert
Engeljohn, Daniel
Garrett, Spencer
Glass, Kathleen
Golden, David
Grooters, Susan Vaughn
Hardin, Margaret
Hoover, Dallas
Johnson, Lee
Knabel, Stephen
Natrajan, Nandini
Ruple, Angela
Tauxe, Robert
Whitaker, Robert
Zink, Donald
CA Natl Advisory Comm Microbiol
TI Expedited Response to the Questions Posed by the United States
Department of Agriculture Agricultural Marketing Service To Support
Ground Beef Purchase for the Federal Food and Nutrition Assistance
Programs
SO JOURNAL OF FOOD PROTECTION
LA English
DT Article
ID RESISTANT STAPHYLOCOCCUS-AUREUS; MEAT; POULTRY
C1 [Glass, Kathleen] Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[Golden, David] Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
[Hoover, Dallas] Univ Delaware, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
[Knabel, Stephen] Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Ruple, Angela] US Dept Commerce, Natl Seafood Inspect Lab, Washington, DC 20230 USA.
[Tauxe, Robert] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA.
[Zink, Donald] US FDA, US Dept HHS, CFSAN, Rockville, MD 20857 USA.
NR 34
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 3
PU INT ASSOC FOOD PROTECTION
PI DES MOINES
PA 6200 AURORA AVE SUITE 200W, DES MOINES, IA 50322-2863 USA
SN 0362-028X
EI 1944-9097
J9 J FOOD PROTECT
JI J. Food Prot.
PD MAR
PY 2013
VL 76
IS 3
BP 523
EP 537
DI 10.4315/0362-028X.JFP-12-453
PG 15
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology
GA 240EV
UT WOS:000326078600020
ER
PT J
AU Leibfried, D
AF Leibfried, Dietrich
TI Revisiting Riccioli's free-fall calculations
SO PHYSICS TODAY
LA English
DT Letter
C1 NIST, Boulder, CO USA.
RP Leibfried, D (reprint author), NIST, Boulder, CO USA.
EM dil@boulder.nist.gov
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0031-9228
EI 1945-0699
J9 PHYS TODAY
JI Phys. Today
PD MAR
PY 2013
VL 66
IS 3
BP 8
EP 8
PG 1
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 246LA
UT WOS:000326538200002
ER
PT J
AU Reader, J
Clark, CW
AF Reader, Joseph
Clark, Charles W.
TI 1932 A watershed year in nuclear physics
SO PHYSICS TODAY
LA English
DT Article
C1 [Reader, Joseph] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Clark, Charles W.] NIST, Joint Quantum Inst, College Pk, MD USA.
[Clark, Charles W.] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
RP Reader, J (reprint author), NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RI Clark, Charles/A-8594-2009
OI Clark, Charles/0000-0001-8724-9885
NR 5
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0031-9228
EI 1945-0699
J9 PHYS TODAY
JI Phys. Today
PD MAR
PY 2013
VL 66
IS 3
BP 44
EP 49
DI 10.1063/PT.3.1917
PG 6
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 246LA
UT WOS:000326538200017
ER
PT J
AU Wiederhorn, SM
Fett, T
Rizzi, G
Hoffmann, MJ
Guin, JP
AF Wiederhorn, Sheldon M.
Fett, Theo
Rizzi, Gabriele
Hoffmann, Michael J.
Guin, Jean-Pierre
TI The effect of water penetration on crack growth in silica glass
SO ENGINEERING FRACTURE MECHANICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Diffusion; Shielding; Silica; Swelling; Subcritical crack growth
ID DRILLED COMPRESSION SPECIMEN; BRITTLE MATERIALS; STRESS-CORROSION;
VITREOUS SILICA; STATIC FATIGUE; FUSED-SILICA; TEMPERATURE; RESISTANCE;
DIFFUSION; CERAMICS
AB Due to the high stresses at crack tips, stress-enhanced water diffusion into silica occurs and gives rise to a volume expansion zone around the tip. This zone leads to a fracture mechanics shielding effect. In the present paper, the diffusion equation for water into glass is solved in cylindrical coordinates including the effect of the mechanical swelling stresses on the diffusivity. As an application of the volume swelling in the crack-tip region, the shielding stress intensity factor is calculated and the relation between subcritical crack growth rate and the crack tip stress intensity factor is derived from an existing crack growth rate versus applied stress intensity factor curve. The general mathematical procedure is outlined in detail and experimental results are discussed, giving evidence for crack-tip diffusion of water and a consequent zone of swelling around the crack tip. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Wiederhorn, Sheldon M.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Fett, Theo; Rizzi, Gabriele; Hoffmann, Michael J.] Karlsruhe Inst Technol, Inst Appl Mat, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany.
[Guin, Jean-Pierre] Univ Rennes 1, LARMAUR ERL CNRS 6274, Rennes, France.
RP Fett, T (reprint author), Karlsruhe Inst Technol, Inst Appl Mat, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany.
EM theo.fett@ikm.uni-karlsruhe.de
RI guin, jean-pierre/A-5969-2009
OI guin, jean-pierre/0000-0003-2480-5893
NR 31
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 2
U2 44
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0013-7944
J9 ENG FRACT MECH
JI Eng. Fract. Mech.
PD MAR
PY 2013
VL 100
SI SI
BP 3
EP 16
DI 10.1016/j.engfracmech.2012.04.026
PG 14
WC Mechanics
SC Mechanics
GA 229BR
UT WOS:000325237300002
ER
PT J
AU Bi, DH
Dix, M
Marsland, SJ
O'Farrell, S
Rashid, HA
Uotila, P
Hirst, AC
Kowalczyk, E
Golebiewski, M
Sullivan, A
Yan, HL
Hannah, N
Franklin, C
Sun, ZA
Vohralik, P
Watterson, I
Zhou, XB
Fiedler, R
Collier, M
Ma, YM
Noonan, J
Stevens, L
Uhe, P
Zhu, HY
Griffies, SM
Hill, R
Harris, C
Puri, K
AF Bi, Daohua
Dix, Martin
Marsland, Simon J.
O'Farrell, Siobhan
Rashid, Harun A.
Uotila, Petteri
Hirst, Anthony C.
Kowalczyk, Eva
Golebiewski, Maciej
Sullivan, Arnold
Yan, Hailin
Hannah, Nicholas
Franklin, Charmaine
Sun, Zhian
Vohralik, Peter
Watterson, Ian
Zhou, Xiaobing
Fiedler, Russell
Collier, Mark
Ma, Yimin
Noonan, Julie
Stevens, Lauren
Uhe, Peter
Zhu, Hongyan
Griffies, Stephen M.
Hill, Richard
Harris, Chris
Puri, Kamal
TI The ACCESS coupled model: description, control climate and evaluation
SO AUSTRALIAN METEOROLOGICAL AND OCEANOGRAPHIC JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
ID OFFICE UNIFIED MODEL; OCEAN CIRCULATION MODELS; CONVECTIVE MOMENTUM
TRANSPORT; SEA-ICE; PART I; SCHEME DESCRIPTION; CLOUD FRACTION;
PARAMETERIZATION; SIMULATION; REPRESENTATION
AB The Australian Community Climate and Earth System Simulator coupled model (ACCESS-CM) has been developed at the Centre for Australian Weather and Climate Research (CAWCR), a partnership between CSIRO1 and the Bureau of Meteorology. It is built by coupling the UK Met Office atmospheric unified model (UM), and other sub-models as required, to the ACCESS ocean model, which consists of the NOAA/GFDL(2) ocean model MOM4p1 and the LANL(3) sea-ice model CICE4.1, under the CERFACS(4) OASIS3.2-5 coupling framework. The primary goal of the ACCESS-CM development is to provide the Australian climate community with a new generation fully coupled climate model for climate research, and to participate in phase five of the Coupled Model Inter-comparison Project (CMIP5). This paper describes the ACCESS-CM framework and components, and presents the control climates from two versions of the ACCESS-CM, ACCESS1.0 and ACCESS1.3, together with some fields from the 20th century historical experiments, as part of model evaluation. While sharing the same ocean sea-ice model (except different setups for a few parameters), ACCESS1.0 and ACCESS1.3 differ from each other in their atmospheric and land surface components: the former is configured with the UK Met Office HadGEM2 (r1.1) atmospheric physics and the Met Office Surface Exchange Scheme land surface model version 2, and the latter with atmospheric physics similar to the UK Met Office Global Atmosphere 1.0 including modifications performed at CAWCR and the CSIRO Community Atmosphere Biosphere Land Exchange land surface model version 1.8. The global average annual mean surface air temperature across the 500-year preindustrial control integrations show a warming drift of 0.35 degrees C in ACCESS1.0 and 0.04 degrees C in ACCESS1.3. The overall skills of ACCESS-CM in simulating a set of key climatic fields both globally and over Australia significantly surpass those from the preceding CSIRO Mk3.5 model delivered to the previous coupled model inter-comparison. However, ACCESS-CM, like other CMIP5 models, has deficiencies in various aspects, and these are also discussed.
C1 [Bi, Daohua; Dix, Martin; Marsland, Simon J.; O'Farrell, Siobhan; Rashid, Harun A.; Uotila, Petteri; Hirst, Anthony C.; Kowalczyk, Eva; Sullivan, Arnold; Yan, Hailin; Hannah, Nicholas; Franklin, Charmaine; Watterson, Ian; Collier, Mark; Noonan, Julie; Stevens, Lauren; Uhe, Peter] CSIRO Marine & Atmospher Res, CAWCR, Aspendale, Vic, Australia.
[Sun, Zhian; Zhou, Xiaobing; Ma, Yimin; Zhu, Hongyan; Puri, Kamal] Bur Meteorol, CAWCR, Melbourne, Vic, Australia.
[Vohralik, Peter] CSIRO Mat Sci & Engn, Lindfield, NSW, Australia.
[Fiedler, Russell] CSIRO Marine & Atmospher Res, CAWCR, Hobart, Tas, Australia.
[Golebiewski, Maciej] CSIRO, High Performance Comp & Commun Ctr, Melbourne, Vic, Australia.
[Griffies, Stephen M.] NOAA, Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, Princeton, NJ USA.
[Hill, Richard; Harris, Chris] Met Off Hadley Ctr, Exeter, Devon, England.
RP Bi, DH (reprint author), CSIRO, Wembley, WA, Australia.
EM dave.bi@csiro.au
RI Marsland, Simon/A-1453-2012; Rashid, Harun/D-9027-2012; Franklin,
Charmaine/C-9278-2012; Dix, Martin/A-2334-2012; Collier,
Mark/D-2663-2013; Hirst, Anthony/N-1041-2014; Watterson,
Ian/A-1690-2012; Uotila, Petteri/A-1703-2012; Bi, Daohua/O-4508-2015;
Stevens, Lauren/I-4183-2016
OI Marsland, Simon/0000-0002-5664-5276; Dix, Martin/0000-0002-7534-0654;
Collier, Mark/0000-0003-1391-9473; Uotila, Petteri/0000-0002-2939-7561;
FU Department of Climate Change and Energy Efficiency; Bureau of
Meteorology; CSIRO
FX This work has been undertaken as part of the Australian Climate Change
Science Program, funded jointly by the Department of Climate Change and
Energy Efficiency, the Bureau of Meteorology and CSIRO. The computation
for this work was performed at the NCI National Facility at the
Australian National University, and we particularly thank Dr Ben Evans
and the other NCI staff members for their support. We further thank Cath
Senior, Chris Gordon and Gill Martin of the Met Office for helpful
discussions during the course of this work, and Gill Martin and Charline
Marzin for HadGEM and proto-HadGEM3 model output fields useful for
comparison and benchmarking. We thank Leon Rotstayn for his comments on
a pre-submission draft. We finally thank other members of CAWCR and the
Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Climate System
Science who have contributed their views and encouragement during the
course of this work.
NR 112
TC 84
Z9 85
U1 1
U2 37
PU AUSTRALIAN BUREAU METEOROLOGY
PI MELBOURNE
PA GPO BOX 1289, MELBOURNE, VIC 3001, AUSTRALIA
SN 1836-716X
J9 AUST METEOROL OCEAN
JI Aust. Meteorol. Oceanogr. J.
PD MAR
PY 2013
VL 63
IS 1
BP 41
EP 64
PG 24
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography
GA 183NF
UT WOS:000321822100004
ER
PT J
AU Marsland, SJ
Bi, D
Uotila, P
Fiedler, R
Griffies, SM
Lorbacher, K
O'Farrell, S
Sullivan, A
Uhe, P
Zhou, X
Hirst, AC
AF Marsland, S. J.
Bi, D.
Uotila, P.
Fiedler, R.
Griffies, S. M.
Lorbacher, K.
O'Farrell, S.
Sullivan, A.
Uhe, P.
Zhou, X.
Hirst, A. C.
TI Evaluation of ACCESS climate model ocean diagnostics in CMIP5
simulations
SO AUSTRALIAN METEOROLOGICAL AND OCEANOGRAPHIC JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
ID MERIDIONAL OVERTURNING CIRCULATION; SEA-LEVEL RISE; FRESH-WATER;
INTERANNUAL CHANGES; BERING STRAIT; ICE; VARIABILITY; GENERATION;
TRANSPORT; COMPONENT
AB Global and regional diagnostics are used to evaluate the ocean performance of the Australian Community Climate and Earth System Simulator coupled model (ACCESS-CM) contributions to the Climate Model Intercomparison Project phase 5 (CMIP5). Two versions of ACCESS-CM have been submitted to CMIP; namely CSIRO-BOM ACCESS1.0 and CSIRO-BOM ACCESS1.3. Results from six of the core CMIP5 experiments (piControl, historical, rcp45, rcp85, 1pctCO2, and abrup-t4xCO2) are evaluated for each of the two ACCESS-CM model versions. Overall, both model versions exhibit a reasonable and stable representation of key diagnostics of ocean climate performance in the pre-industrial control simulations, including a meridional overturning circulation with North Atlantic Deep Water maxima in the range 22-24 Sv, and a poleward heat transport maximum of around 1.5 PW. For the projected climate change scenarios considered the ACCESS-CM results are in reasonable agreement with responses found in other CMIP models, with the familiar ocean warming, and reduction in strength of meridional overturning and poleward heat transport. Drifts in the control simulations of both global ocean salinity and global sea-level are opposite in sign for ACCESS1.0 and ACCESS1.3, suggesting problems exist in the closure of the hydrological cycle. The simulation of ocean climate change over the historical period shows a weak response compared to observations, which manifests as a late response of ocean warming and sea level rise starting around 1990 in the model, compared to the mid 1960s in observations. Further historical simulations are underway to ascertain if this late response in ACCESS is a robust model feature, or just low frequency variability. If the weak response over the historical period proves robust, the likely cause is a too strong cooling from atmospheric aerosols. Broadening the set of experiments to further investigate the relative warming response of the ACCESS-CM to greenhouse gases compared to the cooling response to aerosols is underway, and preliminary results do suggest that the cooling due to aerosols is strong in the historical simulations.
C1 [Marsland, S. J.; Bi, D.; Lorbacher, K.; O'Farrell, S.; Sullivan, A.; Uhe, P.; Hirst, A. C.] Ctr Australian Weather & Climate Res, Aspendale, Vic, Australia.
[Uotila, P.] Ctr Australian Weather & Climate Res, Hobart, Tas, Australia.
[Griffies, S. M.] NOAA, Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, Princeton, NJ USA.
Ctr Australian Weather & Climate, Melbourne, Vic, Australia.
RP Marsland, SJ (reprint author), CSIRO Marine & Atmospher Res, Private Bag 1, Aspendale, Vic 3195, Australia.
EM simon.marsland@csiro.au
RI Marsland, Simon/A-1453-2012; Hirst, Anthony/N-1041-2014; Uotila,
Petteri/A-1703-2012; Bi, Daohua/O-4508-2015
OI Marsland, Simon/0000-0002-5664-5276; Uotila,
Petteri/0000-0002-2939-7561;
FU Department of Climate Change and Energy Efficiency; Bureau of
Meteorology; CSIRO; NCI National Facility at the ANU
FX This work has been undertaken as part of the Australian Climate Change
Science Program, funded jointly by the Department of Climate Change and
Energy Efficiency, the Bureau of Meteorology and CSIRO. This work was
supported by the NCI National Facility at the ANU. We acknowledge the
World Climate Research Programme's Working Group on Coupled Modelling,
which is responsible for CMIP, and we thank the ACCESS climate modeling
group for producing and making available their model output. For CMIP
the U.S. Department of Energy's Program for Climate Model Diagnosis and
Intercomparison provides coordinating support and led development of
software infrastructure in partnership with the Global Organization for
Earth System Science Portals. We are grateful to Alex Sen Gupta for his
very helpful reviews of this work.
NR 59
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U2 10
PU AUSTRALIAN BUREAU METEOROLOGY
PI MELBOURNE
PA GPO BOX 1289, MELBOURNE, VIC 3001, AUSTRALIA
SN 1836-716X
J9 AUST METEOROL OCEAN
JI Aust. Meteorol. Oceanogr. J.
PD MAR
PY 2013
VL 63
IS 1
BP 101
EP 119
PG 19
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography
GA 183NF
UT WOS:000321822100007
ER
PT J
AU Bi, DH
Marsland, SJ
Uotila, P
O'Farrell, S
Fiedler, R
Sullivan, A
Griffies, SM
Zhou, XB
Hirst, AC
AF Bi, Daohua
Marsland, Simon J.
Uotila, Petteri
O'Farrell, Siobhan
Fiedler, Russell
Sullivan, Arnold
Griffies, Stephen M.
Zhou, Xiaobing
Hirst, Anthony C.
TI ACCESS-OM: the ocean and sea-ice core of the ACCESS coupled model
SO AUSTRALIAN METEOROLOGICAL AND OCEANOGRAPHIC JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
ID CLIMATE SIMULATIONS; CIRCULATION MODELS; HYDROGRAPHIC DATA;
NUMERICAL-MODEL; TRANSPORT; WATER; REPRESENTATION; TOPOGRAPHY;
PARAMETERIZATION; ATLANTIC
AB The Australian Community Climate and Earth System Simulator Ocean Model (ACCESS-OM), a global coupled ocean and sea-ice model, has been developed at the Centre for Australian Weather and Climate Research1. It is aimed to serve the Australian climate sciences community, including the Bureau of Meteorology, CSIRO2 and Australian universities, for ocean climate research. ACCESS-OM comprises the NOAA/GFDL(3) Modular Ocean Model version 4p1; the LANL(4) Seaice Model version 4.1, a data atmospheric model; and the CERFACS5 OASIS3.25 coupler, which constrains data exchange between the sub-models. ACCESS-OM has been functioning as the ocean and sea-ice coupling core of the ACCESS coupled model, one of the Australian models participating in the Coupled Model Inter-comparison Project phase 5. This paper describes the ACCESS-OM sub-models, coupler, coupling strategy and framework. A selection of key metrics from an ACCESS-OM benchmark simulation, which has run for 500 years using the Coordinated Ocean-ice Reference Experiments normal year forcing, is presented and compared with observations to evaluate the model performance. It shows ACCESS-OM simulates the global ocean and sea-ice climate generally comparably to the results from other ocean sea-ice models of the same class (Griffies et al. 2009). For example, the global ocean volume-averaged temperature undergoes minor evolution. The maximum transport of North Atlantic overturning circulation is 18.5 Sv and the Antarctic Circumpolar Current transport through Drake Passage is 150 Sv, both in fair agreement with the observations; and the sea-ice coverage has reasonable distribution and annual cycle. Measured against other ocean sea-ice models and observations, ACCESS-OM is an appropriate tool for Australia's future ocean climate modelling efforts.
C1 [Bi, Daohua; Marsland, Simon J.; Uotila, Petteri; O'Farrell, Siobhan; Sullivan, Arnold; Hirst, Anthony C.] CAWCR CSIRO Marine & Atmospher Res, Aspendale, Vic, Australia.
[Fiedler, Russell] CAWCR CSIRO Marine & Atmospher Res, Hobart, Tas, Australia.
[Griffies, Stephen M.] NOAA Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, Princeton, NJ USA.
[Zhou, Xiaobing] CAWCR Bur Meteorol, Melbourne, Australia.
EM dave.bi@csiro.au
RI Marsland, Simon/A-1453-2012; Hirst, Anthony/N-1041-2014; Uotila,
Petteri/A-1703-2012; Bi, Daohua/O-4508-2015
OI Marsland, Simon/0000-0002-5664-5276; Uotila,
Petteri/0000-0002-2939-7561;
FU Department of Climate Change and Energy Efficiency; Bureau of
Meteorology and CSIRO; NCI National Facility at the ANU
FX This work has been undertaken as part of the Australian Climate Change
Science Program, funded jointly by the Department of Climate Change and
Energy Efficiency, the Bureau of Meteorology and CSIRO. This work was
supported by the NCI National Facility at the ANU.
NR 58
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U1 0
U2 4
PU AUSTRALIAN BUREAU METEOROLOGY
PI MELBOURNE
PA GPO BOX 1289, MELBOURNE, VIC 3001, AUSTRALIA
SN 1836-716X
J9 AUST METEOROL OCEAN
JI Aust. Meteorol. Oceanogr. J.
PD MAR
PY 2013
VL 63
IS 1
BP 213
EP 232
PG 20
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography
GA 183NF
UT WOS:000321822100014
ER
PT J
AU Coddington, O
Pilewskie, P
Schmidt, KS
McBride, PJ
Vukicevic, T
AF Coddington, Odele
Pilewskie, Peter
Schmidt, K. Sebastian
McBride, Patrick J.
Vukicevic, Tomislava
TI Characterizing a New Surface-Based Shortwave Cloud Retrieval Technique,
Based on Transmitted Radiance for Soil and Vegetated Surface Types
SO ATMOSPHERE
LA English
DT Article
DE radiation: transmission and scattering; remote sensing; clouds and
aerosols; Shannon information content
ID MICROPHYSICAL PROPERTY RETRIEVALS; OBJECTIVE ASSESSMENT;
INFORMATION-CONTENT; RADIATIVE-TRANSFER; OPTICAL-THICKNESS; GLOBAL
OCEANS; ALBEDO; REFLECTANCE; SCATTERING; ALGORITHM
AB This paper presents an approach using the GEneralized Nonlinear Retrieval Analysis (GENRA) tool and general inverse theory diagnostics including the maximum likelihood solution and the Shannon information content to investigate the performance of a new spectral technique for the retrieval of cloud optical properties from surface based transmittance measurements. The cumulative retrieval information over broad ranges in cloud optical thickness (tau), droplet effective radius (r(e)), and overhead sun angles is quantified under two conditions known to impact transmitted radiation; the variability in land surface albedo and atmospheric water vapor content. Our conclusions are: (1) the retrieved cloud properties are more sensitive to the natural variability in land surface albedo than to water vapor content; (2) the new spectral technique is more accurate (but still imprecise) than a standard approach, in particular for tau between 5 and 60 and r(e) less than approximately 20 mu m; and (3) the retrieved cloud properties are dependent on sun angle for clouds of tau from 5 to 10 and r(e) < 10 mu m, with maximum sensitivity obtained for an overhead sun.
C1 [Coddington, Odele; Pilewskie, Peter; Schmidt, K. Sebastian] Univ Colorado, Lab Atmospher & Space Phys, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Pilewskie, Peter] Univ Colorado, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[McBride, Patrick J.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Vukicevic, Tomislava] NOAA, Atlantic Oceanog & Meteorol Lab, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
RP Coddington, O (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Lab Atmospher & Space Phys, 3665 Discovery Dr, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM odele.coddington@lasp.colorado.edu; peter.pilewskie@lasp.colorado.edu;
sebastian.schmidt@lasp.colorado.edu; patrick.mcbride@nasa.gov;
tomislava.vukicevic@noaa.gov
RI Vukicevic, Tomislava/B-1386-2014; Coddington, Odele/F-6342-2012;
Richards, Amber/K-8203-2015; SCHMIDT, KONRAD SEBASTIAN/C-1258-2013
OI Coddington, Odele/0000-0002-4338-7028; SCHMIDT, KONRAD
SEBASTIAN/0000-0003-3899-228X
FU NASA [NNX08AI83G, NNX11AK67G]
FX We gratefully acknowledge Shi Song for assistance in compiling the
forward modeling results and Bruce Kindel for computing the linear
mixtures of soil and vegetated surface reflectance spectra. This work
was accomplished under NASA grant numbers NNX08AI83G and NNX11AK67G. We
would like to thank three anonymous reviewers for their helpful
comments, which improved this manuscript.
NR 37
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PU MDPI AG
PI BASEL
PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND
SN 2073-4433
J9 ATMOSPHERE-BASEL
JI Atmosphere
PD MAR
PY 2013
VL 4
IS 1
BP 48
EP 71
DI 10.3390/atmos4010048
PG 24
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 175RH
UT WOS:000321249000004
ER
PT J
AU Wilson, C
Villareal, TA
Brzezinski, MA
Krause, JW
Shcherbina, AY
AF Wilson, Cara
Villareal, Tracy A.
Brzezinski, Mark A.
Krause, Jeffrey W.
Shcherbina, Andrey Y.
TI Chlorophyll bloom development and the subtropical front in the North
Pacific
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS
LA English
DT Article
ID SUMMER PHYTOPLANKTON BLOOMS; NITROGEN-FIXATION; THERMOHALINE INTRUSIONS;
CARBON SEQUESTRATION; TRANSITION ZONE; OPEN-OCEAN; GYRE; TRICHODESMIUM;
HAWAII; ENERGY
AB In late summer, satellite ocean color data consistently show localized chlorophyll blooms in the oligotrophic NE Pacific. Based on historical data and the results from recent cruises, these blooms are associated with elevated diatom abundance. However, the physical dynamics that stimulate the blooms remain unknown. Mechanisms suggested to be driving the blooms include mixing at the subtropical front, breaking of internal waves at the critical latitude, shoaling of the mixed layer depth, eddy interactions, and winter mixing of nutrients. To examine these hypotheses, we use data from four summer cruises (2002, 2007, 2008, and 2009) in this region that sampled near a bloom temporally and/or spatially. Conditions associated with five blooms (two blooms were sampled in 2009) are examined. Each area was sampled at a different stage in bloom development, including prebloom, initiation, full bloom, decline, and postbloom conditions. No one variable is found which can explain unequivocally the development of a chlorophyll bloom at a certain location. We describe a set of conditions that could result in the injection of nutrients into the surface water to stimulate a bloom. This "perfect storm" of conditions requires a subsurface stratification minimum layer that intersects the nutricline and that this minimum is close to the base of the mixed layer. These conditions are not predictable in the sense of an annual climatology; however, they do occur often enough to create a reasonably certain, if spatially variable, summer NE Pacific bloom.
C1 [Wilson, Cara] NOAA, Div Environm Res, SW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Pacific Grove, CA 93950 USA.
[Villareal, Tracy A.] Univ Texas Austin, Inst Marine Sci, Port Aransas, TX USA.
[Villareal, Tracy A.] Univ Texas Austin, Dept Marine Sci, Port Aransas, TX USA.
[Brzezinski, Mark A.; Krause, Jeffrey W.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Inst Marine Sci, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
[Brzezinski, Mark A.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Ecol Evolut & Marine Biol, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
[Krause, Jeffrey W.] Dauphin Isl Sea Lab, Dauphin Isl, AL USA.
[Shcherbina, Andrey Y.] Univ Washington, Appl Phys Lab, Seattle, WA 98105 USA.
RP Wilson, C (reprint author), NOAA, Div Environm Res, SW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, 1352 Lighthouse Ave, Pacific Grove, CA 93950 USA.
EM Cara.Wilson@noaa.gov
RI Wilson, Cara/A-8816-2009; Villareal, Tracy/I-9462-2012;
OI Wilson, Cara/0000-0001-9318-2322
NR 73
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PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9275
EI 2169-9291
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans
PD MAR
PY 2013
VL 118
IS 3
BP 1473
EP 1488
DI 10.1002/jgrc.20143
PG 16
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA 163GE
UT WOS:000320323200030
ER
PT J
AU Wang, J
Hu, HG
Goes, J
Miksis-Olds, J
Mouw, C
D'Sa, E
Gomes, H
Wang, DR
Mizobata, K
Saitoh, S
Luo, L
AF Wang, Jia
Hu, Haoguo
Goes, Joaquim
Miksis-Olds, Jennifer
Mouw, Colleen
D'Sa, Eurico
Gomes, Helga
Wang, D. R.
Mizobata, Kohei
Saitoh, Sei-ichi
Luo, Lin
TI A modeling study of seasonal variations of sea ice and plankton in the
Bering and Chukchi Seas during 2007-2008
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS
LA English
DT Article
ID PHYSICAL OCEANOGRAPHY; LABRADOR SEA; OCEAN MODEL; GREEN BELT;
SHELF-EDGE; PHYTOPLANKTON; OSCILLATION; TEMPERATURE; VARIABILITY;
SIMULATION
AB A nutrient (N), phytoplankton (P), zooplankton (Z), and detritus (D) ecosystem model coupled to an ice-ocean model was applied to the Bering and Chukchi Seas for 2007-2008. The model reasonably reproduces the seasonal cycles of sea ice, phytoplankton, and zooplankton in the Bering-Chukchi Seas. The spatial variation of the phytoplankton bloom was predominantly controlled by the retreat of sea ice and the increased gradient of the water temperature from the south to the north. The model captures the basic structure of the measured nutrients and chl-a along the Bering shelf during 4-23 July 2008, and along the Chukchi shelf during 5-12 August 2007. In summer 2008, the Green Belt bloom was not observed by either the satellite measurements or the model. The model-data comparison and analysis reveal the complexity of the lower trophic dynamics in the Bering and Chukchi Seas. The complexity is due to the nature that the physical and biological components interact at different manners in time and space, even in response to a same climate forcing, over the physically distinct geographic settings such as in the Bering and North Aleutian Slopes, deep Bering basins, Bering shelf, and Chukchi Sea. Sensitivity studies were conducted to reveal the underlying mechanisms (i.e., the bottom-up effects) of the Bering-Chukchi ecosystem in response to changes in light intensity, nutrient input from open boundaries, and air temperature. It was found that (1) a 10% increase in solar radiation or light intensity for the entire year has a small impact on the intensity and timing of the bloom in the physical-biological system since the light is not a limiting factor in the study region; (2) a 20% increase in nutrients from all the open boundaries results in an overall 7% increase in phytoplankton, with the Slope region being the largest, and the Bering shelf and Chukchi being the smallest; and (3) an increase in air temperature by 2 degrees C over the entire calculation period can result in an overall increase in phytoplankton by 11%.
C1 [Wang, Jia] NOAA, Great Lakes Environm Res Lab, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA.
[Hu, Haoguo; Luo, Lin] Univ Michigan, Sch Nat Resources & Environm, Cooperat Inst Limnol & Ecosyst Res, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
[Goes, Joaquim; Gomes, Helga] Columbia Univ, Lamont Doherty Earth Observ, New York, NY USA.
[Miksis-Olds, Jennifer] Penn State Univ, Appl Res Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Mouw, Colleen] Michigan Technol Univ, Great Lakes Res Ctr, Houghton, MI 49931 USA.
[D'Sa, Eurico] Louisiana State Univ, Dept Oceanog & Coastal Sci, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA.
[Wang, D. R.] Hainan Marine Dev & Design Inst, Hainan, Peoples R China.
[Mizobata, Kohei] Tokyo Univ Marine Sci & Technol, Dept Ocean Sci, Minato Ku, Tokyo 1088477, Japan.
[Saitoh, Sei-ichi] Hokkaido Univ, Grad Sch Fisheries Sci, Hakodate, Hokkaido, Japan.
RP Wang, J (reprint author), NOAA, Great Lakes Environm Res Lab, 2205 Commonwealth Blvd, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA.
EM Jia.Wang@noaa.gov
RI Mizobata, Kohei/D-6369-2012; Mouw, Colleen/M-4431-2015
OI Mizobata, Kohei/0000-0001-7531-2349; Mouw, Colleen/0000-0003-2516-1882
FU NOAA RUSALCA (Russian-American Long-term Census of the Arctic)
International Polar Year modeling project; NASA [NNX10AP10G]
FX We appreciate support from NOAA RUSALCA (Russian-American Long-term
Census of the Arctic) International Polar Year modeling project and NASA
Interdisciplinary Science award NNX10AP10G. We appreciate two anonymous
reviewers for their constructive comments that helped improve the
article. Thanks also go to Cathy Darnell for editing a draft. This is
GLERL Contribution No. 1651.
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PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9275
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans
PD MAR
PY 2013
VL 118
IS 3
BP 1520
EP 1533
DI 10.1029/2012JC008322
PG 14
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA 163GE
UT WOS:000320323200033
ER
PT J
AU Garberoglio, G
Harvey, AH
AF Garberoglio, Giovanni
Harvey, Allan H.
TI Path-Integral Calculation of Cross Second Virial Coefficients for
Hydrogen Isotopologues
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF THERMOPHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Deuterium; Hydrogen; Isotopes; Mixtures; Second virial coefficient;
Tritium
AB The path-integral Monte Carlo technique and a recent high-accuracy six-dimensional potential are used to compute the cross second virial coefficients for all unlike pairs among the hydrogen isotopologues , HD, HT, and DT. Values are calculated from 15 K to 2000 K for these quantities where experimental information is almost completely absent. It is found that the commonly assumed arithmetic mean of the pure-component values does not provide a good approximation for the cross coefficients below approximately 50 K, especially for pairs containing .
C1 [Garberoglio, Giovanni] FBK CMM, Interdisciplinary Lab Computat Sci LISC, I-38123 Povo, TN, Italy.
[Garberoglio, Giovanni] Univ Trento, I-38123 Povo, TN, Italy.
[Harvey, Allan H.] NIST, Appl Chem & Mat Div, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Harvey, AH (reprint author), NIST, Appl Chem & Mat Div, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM garberoglio@fbk.eu; aharvey@boulder.nist.gov
OI Garberoglio, Giovanni/0000-0002-9201-2716
NR 13
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U1 1
U2 6
PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0195-928X
J9 INT J THERMOPHYS
JI Int. J. Thermophys.
PD MAR
PY 2013
VL 34
IS 3
BP 385
EP 394
DI 10.1007/s10765-013-1440-0
PG 10
WC Thermodynamics; Chemistry, Physical; Mechanics; Physics, Applied
SC Thermodynamics; Chemistry; Mechanics; Physics
GA 153PU
UT WOS:000319615500001
ER
PT J
AU Chang, AS
Bertram, MA
Ivanochko, T
Calvert, SE
Dallimore, A
Thomson, RE
AF Chang, Alice S.
Bertram, Miriam A.
Ivanochko, Tara
Calvert, Stephen E.
Dallimore, Audrey
Thomson, Richard E.
TI Annual record of particle fluxes, geochemistry and diatoms in Effingham
Inlet, British Columbia, Canada, and the impact of the 1999 La Nina
event
SO MARINE GEOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE particle flux; geochemistry; diatoms; sediment traps; La Nina; Effingham
Inlet; northeast Pacific Ocean
ID 1997-1998 EL-NINO; GENUS SKELETONEMA BACILLARIOPHYCEAE; ZOOPLANKTON
COMMUNITY COMPOSITION; PACIFIC COASTAL FJORD; SANTA-BARBARA BASIN;
GULF-OF-CALIFORNIA; NORTHEAST PACIFIC; VANCOUVER-ISLAND; SAANICH INLET;
LAMINATED SEDIMENTS
AB Sediment traps were deployed inside the anoxic inner basin of Effingham Inlet and at the oxygenated mouth of the inlet from May 1999 to September 2000 in a pilot study to determine the annual depositional cycle and impact of the 1999 La Nina event within a western Canadian inlet facing the open Pacific Ocean. Total mass flux, geochemical parameters (carbon, nitrogen, opal, major and minor element contents, and stable isotope ratios) and diatom assemblages were determined and compared with meteorological and oceanographic data. Deposition was seasonal, with coarser grained terrestrial components and benthic diatoms settling in the autumn and winter, coincident with the rainy season. Marine sedimentary components and abundant pelagic diatoms were coincident with coastal upwelling in the spring and summer. Despite the seasonal differences in deposition, the typical temperate-zone Thalassiosira-Skeletonema-Chaetoceros bloom succession was muted. A July 1999 total mass flux peak and an increase in biogenous components coincided with a rare bottom-water oxygen renewal event in the inlet. Likewise, there were cooler-than-average sea surface temperatures (SSTs) just outside the inlet, and unusually high abundances of a previously undescribed cool-water marine diatom (Fragilariopsis pacifica sp. nov.) within the inlet. Each of these occurrences likely reflects a response to the strong La Nina that followed the year after the strongest-ever recorded El Nino event of 1997-1998. By the autumn of 1999, SSTs had returned to average, and F. pacifica had all but disappeared from the remaining trap record, indicating that oceanographic conditions had returned to normal. Oxygenation events were not witnessed in the inlet in the years before or after 1999, suggesting that a rare oceanographic and climatic event was captured by this sediment trap time series. The data from this record can therefore be used as a benchmark for identifying anomalous environmental conditions on this coast. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Chang, Alice S.] Carleton Univ, Dept Earth Sci, Ottawa Carleton Geosci Ctr, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada.
[Bertram, Miriam A.] NOAA R PMEL, Pacific Marine Environm Lab, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
[Ivanochko, Tara; Calvert, Stephen E.] Univ British Columbia, Dept Earth & Ocean Sci, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.
[Dallimore, Audrey] Geol Survey Canada Pacific, Sidney, BC V8L 4B2, Canada.
[Thomson, Richard E.] Inst Ocean Sci, Dept Fisheries & Oceans, Ocean Sci Div, Sidney, BC V8L 4B2, Canada.
RP Chang, AS (reprint author), Univ British Columbia, Dept Forest & Conservat Sci, 3041-2424 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.
EM alice.chang@ubc.ca; mbertram@ocean.washington.edu; tivanoch@eos.ubc.ca;
calvert@eos.ubc.ca; audrey.dallimore@nrcan.gc.ca;
Richard.Thomson@dfo-mpo.gc.ca
FU Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC);
Canadian Foundation for Climatic and Atmospheric Sciences (CFCAS)
FX This work benefited from the concerted efforts and expertise of a large
group of colleagues and institutions. We thank B. Burd, D. Yelland, M.
O'Brien, and J. Eert (Institute of Ocean Sciences, Department of
Fisheries and Ocean, Government of Canada), and the officers and crew of
the Canadian Coast Guard Ship John P. Tully for handling the sediment
traps and collected material. C. Wright (IOS) collected the terrestrial
samples, R. Hourston (IOS) processed the along-shore wind stress data,
and M. Soon (University of British Columbia) assisted with the
geochemical analyses. The authors gratefully acknowledge NOAA/PMEL labs,
R. Feely for use of lab space, and G. Lebon for XRF analyses. Thanks go
to M. Hay (Universite du Quebec a Chicoutimi) for general diatom
discussions, and to N. Lundholm (University of Copenhagen) and G. Hasle
(University of Oslo) for the identification of Fragilariopsis pacifica
sp. nov. from our sample material. D. Cassis (University of British
Columbia) identified the coccolithophore species, and T. Schell
(Dalhousie University) discussed preliminary foraminifera data. Two
anonymous reviewers provided constructive critique of the manuscript.
This project was supported by grants from the Natural Sciences and
Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) and the Canadian
Foundation for Climatic and Atmospheric Sciences (CFCAS) to REF and SEC,
and to RT Patterson (Carleton University) for support of ASC's original
PhD work. The Cushman Foundation for Foraminiferal Research and the
Geological Society of America Student Research Program provided
additional funding to ASC. This is PMEL contribution #2116.
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U2 27
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0025-3227
J9 MAR GEOL
JI Mar. Geol.
PD MAR 1
PY 2013
VL 337
BP 20
EP 34
DI 10.1016/j.margeo.2013.01.003
PG 15
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Oceanography
SC Geology; Oceanography
GA 159ZI
UT WOS:000320085400003
ER
PT J
AU Hazen, EL
Jorgensen, S
Rykaczewski, RR
Bograd, SJ
Foley, DG
Jonsen, ID
Shaffer, SA
Dunne, JP
Costa, DP
Crowder, LB
Block, BA
AF Hazen, Elliott L.
Jorgensen, Salvador
Rykaczewski, Ryan R.
Bograd, Steven J.
Foley, David G.
Jonsen, Ian D.
Shaffer, Scott A.
Dunne, John P.
Costa, Daniel P.
Crowder, Larry B.
Block, Barbara A.
TI Predicted habitat shifts of Pacific top predators in a changing climate
SO NATURE CLIMATE CHANGE
LA English
DT Article
ID MARINE; OCEAN; BIODIVERSITY; MODELS; CONSERVATION; ECOSYSTEMS; IMPACTS
AB To manage marine ecosystems proactively, it is important to identify species at risk and habitats critical for conservation. Climate change scenarios have predicted an average sea surface temperature (SST) rise of 1-6 degrees C by 2100 (refs 1, 2), which could affect the distribution and habitat of many marine species. Here we examine top predator distribution and diversity in the light of climate change using a database of 4,300 electronic tags deployed on 23 marine species from the Tagging of Pacific Predators project, and output from a global climate model to 2100. On the basis of models of observed species distribution as a function of SST, chlorophyll a and bathymetry, we project changes in species-specific core habitat and basin-scale patterns of biodiversity. We predict up to a 35% change in core habitat for some species, significant differences in rates and patterns of habitat change across guilds, and a substantial northward displacement of biodiversity across the North Pacific. For already stressed species, increased migration times and loss of pelagic habitat could exacerbate population declines or inhibit recovery. The impending effects of climate change stress the urgency of adaptively managing ecosystems facing multiple threats.
C1 [Hazen, Elliott L.; Bograd, Steven J.; Foley, David G.] NOAA, SW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Div Environm Res, Pacific Grove, CA 93950 USA.
[Hazen, Elliott L.; Foley, David G.] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Joint Inst Marine & Atmospher Res, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
[Jorgensen, Salvador] Monterey Bay Aquarium, Monterey, CA 93940 USA.
[Rykaczewski, Ryan R.] Princeton Univ, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
[Jonsen, Ian D.] Dalhousie Univ, Dept Biol, Halifax, NS B3H 4J1, Canada.
[Shaffer, Scott A.] San Jose State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, San Jose, CA 95192 USA.
[Dunne, John P.] NOAA, Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA.
[Costa, Daniel P.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Long Marine Lab, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
[Crowder, Larry B.; Block, Barbara A.] Stanford Univ, Hopkins Marine Stn, Dept Biol, Pacific Grove, CA 93950 USA.
[Crowder, Larry B.] Ctr Ocean Solut, Monterey, CA 93940 USA.
RP Hazen, EL (reprint author), NOAA, SW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Div Environm Res, 1352 Lighthouse Ave, Pacific Grove, CA 93950 USA.
EM Elliott.hazen@noaa.gov
RI Dunne, John/F-8086-2012; Shaffer, Scott/D-5015-2009; Hazen,
Elliott/G-4149-2014; Rykaczewski, Ryan/A-8625-2016
OI Dunne, John/0000-0002-8794-0489; Shaffer, Scott/0000-0002-7751-5059;
Hazen, Elliott/0000-0002-0412-7178; Rykaczewski,
Ryan/0000-0001-8893-872X
FU Sloan Foundation's Census of Marine Life programme; NF-UBC Nereus
programme; National Research Council; Stanford's Center for Ocean
Solutions; A. P. Sloan foundation; David and Lucille Packard foundation;
Gordon and Betty Moore foundation
FX This manuscript is the culmination of a cross-project synthesis between
TOPP and the Center for Ocean Solutions' Climate and Predators working
group. Financial support for this work was provided by the Sloan
Foundation's Census of Marine Life programme, the NF-UBC Nereus
programme, the National Research Council and Stanford's Center for Ocean
Solutions. TOPP research was funded by the A. P. Sloan, David and
Lucille Packard, and Gordon and Betty Moore foundations. Electronic
tagging and tracking as part of TOPP was also supported by the Office of
Naval Research, NOAA, the E&P Sound and Marine Life JIP under contract
from the OGP, and the Monterey Bay Aquarium Foundation. We thank the
TOPP scientific teams and all those who supported animal tagging
efforts, particularly our colleagues at IATTC for help with yellowfin
tunas, OSU for cetacean tracks, and Grupo Tortuguero and NOAA Southwest
Fisheries for turtle and shark research. We thank collaborating TOPP
partners and working group leaders for their efforts coordinating,
permitting and conducting tagging research during the Census of Marine
Life programme. We thank the data management team of TOPP including A.
Swithenbank, J. Ganong and M. Castleton in contributing to TOPP data
assembly. All animal research was conducted in accordance with
appropriate permits (for example, Leatherback turtle Endangered Species
Act permit nos. 1159, 1227 and 1596) and IACUC protocols from Stanford
University and the University of California. Pacific bluefin tuna work
was conducted in Mexican waters with the permission and permits provided
by the Mexican Government.
NR 30
TC 86
Z9 88
U1 10
U2 126
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 1758-678X
J9 NAT CLIM CHANGE
JI Nat. Clim. Chang.
PD MAR
PY 2013
VL 3
IS 3
BP 234
EP 238
DI 10.1038/NCLIMATE1686
PG 5
WC Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies; Meteorology & Atmospheric
Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 150NY
UT WOS:000319399000016
ER
PT J
AU Cheung, WWL
Sarmiento, JL
Dunne, J
Frolicher, TL
Lam, VWY
Palomares, MLD
Watson, R
Pauly, D
AF Cheung, William W. L.
Sarmiento, Jorge L.
Dunne, John
Froelicher, Thomas L.
Lam, Vicky W. Y.
Palomares, M. L. Deng
Watson, Reg
Pauly, Daniel
TI Shrinking of fishes exacerbates impacts of global ocean changes on
marine ecosystems
SO NATURE CLIMATE CHANGE
LA English
DT Article
ID CLIMATE-CHANGE; NORTH-SEA; THERMAL TOLERANCE; SIZE; TEMPERATURE;
ASSEMBLAGE
AB Changes in temperature, oxygen content and other ocean biogeochemical properties directly affect the ecophysiology of marine water-breathing organisms(1-3). Previous studies suggest that the most prominent biological responses are changes in distribution(4-6), phenology(7,8) and productivity(9). Both theory and empirical observations also support the hypothesis that warming and reduced oxygen will reduce body size of marine fishes(10-12). However, the extent to which such changes would exacerbate the impacts of climate and ocean changes on global marine ecosystems remains unexplored. Here, we employ a model to examine the integrated biological responses of over 600 species of marine fishes due to changes in distribution, abundance and body size. The model has an explicit representation of ecophysiology, dispersal, distribution, and population dynamics(3). We show that assemblage-averaged maximum body weight is expected to shrink by 14-24% globally from 2000 to 2050 under a high-emission scenario. About half of this shrinkage is due to change in distribution and abundance, the remainder to changes in physiology. The tropical and intermediate latitudinal areas will be heavily impacted, with an average reduction of more than 20%. Our results provide a new dimension to understanding the integrated impacts of climate change on marine ecosystems.
C1 [Cheung, William W. L.; Lam, Vicky W. Y.; Palomares, M. L. Deng; Watson, Reg; Pauly, Daniel] Univ British Columbia, Fisheries Ctr, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.
[Sarmiento, Jorge L.; Froelicher, Thomas L.] Princeton Univ, Atmospher & Ocean Sci Program, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
[Dunne, John] NOAA, Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA.
RP Cheung, WWL (reprint author), Univ British Columbia, Fisheries Ctr, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.
EM w.cheung@fisheries.ubc.ca
RI , William/F-5104-2013; Dunne, John/F-8086-2012; Frolicher,
Thomas/E-5137-2015
OI , William/0000-0003-3626-1045; Watson, Reg/0000-0001-7201-8865; Dunne,
John/0000-0002-8794-0489; Frolicher, Thomas/0000-0003-2348-7854
FU National Geographic Society; Centre for Environment, Fisheries and
Aquaculture Sciences (CEFAS); Pew Charitable Trust through the Sea
Around Us project; Carbon Mitigation Initiative (CMI) project at
Princeton University; BP
FX The contribution by W.W.L.C. is supported by the National Geographic
Society and the Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture
Sciences (CEFAS). D. P. and R. W. are supported by the Pew Charitable
Trust through the Sea Around Us project. J.L.S. and T. L. F. are
supported by the Carbon Mitigation Initiative (CMI) project at Princeton
University, sponsored by BP. We thank L. Bopp for providing outputs from
the IPSL-CM4-LOOP model.
NR 30
TC 94
Z9 96
U1 30
U2 153
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 1758-678X
J9 NAT CLIM CHANGE
JI Nat. Clim. Chang.
PD MAR
PY 2013
VL 3
IS 3
BP 254
EP 258
DI 10.1038/NCLIMATE1691
PG 5
WC Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies; Meteorology & Atmospheric
Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 150NY
UT WOS:000319399000020
ER
PT J
AU Alken, P
Chulliat, A
Maus, S
AF Alken, P.
Chulliat, A.
Maus, S.
TI Longitudinal and seasonal structure of the ionospheric equatorial
electric field
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID GEOMAGNETIC REFERENCE FIELD; 11TH GENERATION; CHAMP SATELLITE; MAGNETIC
MODEL; POMME; DRIFT
AB The daytime eastward equatorial electric field (EEF) in the ionospheric E-region plays an important role in equatorial ionospheric dynamics. It is responsible for driving the equatorial electrojet (EEJ) current system, equatorial vertical ion drifts, and the equatorial ionization anomaly. Due to its importance, there is much interest in accurately measuring and modeling the EEF. In this work we propose a method of estimating the EEF using CHAMP satellite-derived latitudinal current profiles of the daytime EEJ along with Delta H measurements from ground magnetometer stations. Magnetometer station pairs in both Africa and South America were used for this study to produce time series of electrojet current profiles. These current profiles were then inverted for estimates of the EEF by solving the governing electrostatic equations. We compare our results with the Ion Velocity Meter (IVM) instrument on board the Communication/Navigation Outage Forecasting System satellite. We find high correlations of about 80% with the IVM data; however, we also find a constant offset of about 0.3 mV/m between the two data sets in Africa. Further investigation is needed to determine its cause. We compare the EEF structure in Africa and South America and find differences which can be attributed to the effect of atmospheric nonmigrating tides. This technique can be extended to any pair of ground magnetometer stations which can capture the day-to-day strength of the EEJ.
C1 [Alken, P.; Maus, S.] NOAA, Natl Geophys Data Ctr, Boulder, CO USA.
[Chulliat, A.] Inst Phys Globe, Paris, France.
RP Alken, P (reprint author), NOAA E GC1, Natl Geophys Data Ctr, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM patrick.alken@noaa.gov
RI Chulliat, Arnaud/A-5747-2011
OI Chulliat, Arnaud/0000-0001-7414-9631
FU NASA [NAS5-01068]; Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales (CNES)
FX The CINDI data are provided through the auspices of the CINDI team at
the University of Texas at Dallas supported by NASA grant NAS5-01068.
The WAMNET magnetometer network is funded by the Centre National
d'Etudes Spatiales (CNES), and is maintained by the Institut de Physique
du Globe de Paris (IPGP). The operational support of the CHAMP mission
by the German Aerospace Center (DLR) is gratefully acknowledged. The
Jicamarca Radio Observatory is a facility of the Instituto Geofisico del
Peru operated with support from the NSF through Cornell University. This
is IPGP contribution number 3348.
NR 34
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 9
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9380
EI 2169-9402
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE
JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys.
PD MAR
PY 2013
VL 118
IS 3
BP 1298
EP 1305
DI 10.1029/2012JA018314
PG 8
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 135FP
UT WOS:000318274000031
ER
PT J
AU Matsuo, T
Lee, IT
Anderson, JL
AF Matsuo, Tomoko
Lee, I-Te
Anderson, Jeffrey L.
TI Thermospheric mass density specification using an ensemble Kalman filter
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID GENERAL-CIRCULATION MODEL; ADAPTIVE COVARIANCE INFLATION; DATA
ASSIMILATION; CHAMP; ELECTRODYNAMICS
AB This paper presents an application of ensemble Kalman filtering (EnKF) to a general circulation model of the thermosphere and ionosphere. It is designed to incorporate the feedback between plasma and neutral variables in both the analysis and forecast steps of filtering so that thermospheric parameters can be inferred from ionospheric observations and vice versa. We make a case that the global neutral density specification can greatly benefit from this approach based on a number of filtering experiments conducted under the assumption of no model bias. Specific observations considered are (i) neutral mass densities obtained from the accelerometer experiment on board the CHAMP satellite and (ii) electron density profiles obtained from the COSMIC/FORMOSAT-3 mission. Assimilation of the neutral mass density obtained from the CHAMP mission into the TIEGCM is shown to improve the neutral density specification in the vicinity of satellite orbits, but is short of making a global impact unless accompanied by the estimation of the primary driver of the density variability such as solar EUV flux. On the other hand, assimilation of the COSMIC/FORMOSAT-3 electron density profiles into the Thermosphere-Ionosphere-Electrodynamics General Circulation Model (TIEGCM) is far more effective than the CHAMP neutral density in terms of improving the global neutral mass density specification. This suggests a synthesis of thermospheric and ionospheric observations into the general circulation model, brought about with the help of the latest EnKF techniques, can effectively increase the geophysical information content of observations.
C1 [Matsuo, Tomoko] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Matsuo, Tomoko] Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Space Weather Predict Ctr, Boulder, CO USA.
[Lee, I-Te] Natl Cent Univ, Inst Space Sci, Chungli 32054, Taiwan.
[Lee, I-Te] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, High Altitude Observ, Boulder, CO 80307 USA.
[Anderson, Jeffrey L.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Inst Math Appl Geosci, Boulder, CO 80307 USA.
RP Matsuo, T (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM tomoko.matsuo@colorado.edu
FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research Multidisciplinary University
Research Initiative [FA9550-07-1-0565]; Air Force Research Laboratory
[FA9453-12-1-0244]; High Altitude Observatory Newkirk Fellowship;
National Science Foundation
FX All the DART/TIEGCM assimilation tools used in this work are available
to the public from http://www.image.ucar.edu/DAReS/DART. The authors
acknowledge A. D. Richmond for his helpful scientific guidance and T.
Mera for his assistance in improving the manuscript. This work is
supported by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research
Multidisciplinary University Research Initiative award FA9550-07-1-0565
and the Air Force Research Laboratory award FA9453-12-1-0244. I-Te Lee
is supported by the High Altitude Observatory Newkirk Fellowship. The
National Center for Atmospheric Research is sponsored by National
Science Foundation.
NR 45
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 0
U2 12
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9380
EI 2169-9402
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE
JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys.
PD MAR
PY 2013
VL 118
IS 3
BP 1339
EP 1350
DI 10.1002/jgra.50162
PG 12
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 135FP
UT WOS:000318274000035
ER
PT J
AU Van Daele, MB
Robbins, CT
Semmens, BX
Ward, EJ
Van Daele, LJ
Leacock, WB
AF Van Daele, M. B.
Robbins, C. T.
Semmens, B. X.
Ward, E. J.
Van Daele, L. J.
Leacock, W. B.
TI Salmon consumption by Kodiak brown bears (Ursus arctos middendorffi)
with ecosystem management implications
SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF ZOOLOGY-REVUE CANADIENNE DE ZOOLOGIE
LA English
DT Article
DE assimilated diet; Kodiak brown bear; mercury; salmon; stable isotopes;
Ursus arctos
ID YELLOWSTONE GRIZZLY BEARS; COASTAL BRITISH-COLUMBIA; RIPARIAN FOOD WEBS;
SOCKEYE-SALMON; STABLE-ISOTOPES; PACIFIC SALMON; ONCORHYNCHUS-NERKA;
SYMPATRIC URSIDS; DETERMINE DIETS; KILLER WHALES
AB The ecological role of large predators in North America continues to spark heated public debate. Although brown bears (Ursus arctos L., 1758) and the salmon (genus Oncorhynchus Suckley, 1861) they feed on have declined in many areas, the Kodiak archipelago is famous for large brown bears and abundant salmon. Salmon have generally been managed for maximum sustained yield in a fisheries sense, but those levels may be well below what is necessary for maximum ecosystem productivity. Consequently, we used stable isotopes and mercury accumulated in hair to estimate intake of salmon by Kodiak brown bears (Ursus arctos middendorffi Merriam, 1896). Salmon intake increased from subadult males (592 +/- 325 kg.bear(-1).year-) to adult males (2788 +/- 1929 kg.bear(-1).year(-1)) and from subadult females (566 +/- 360 kg.bear(-1).year(-1)) to adult females (1364 +/- 1261 kg.bear(-1).year(-1)). Intake within each group increased 62% +/- 23% as salmon escapement increased from similar to 1 500 to similar to 14 000 kg.bear(-1).year(-1). The estimated population of 2300 subadult and adult bears consumed 3.77 +/- 0.16 million kg of salmon annually, a mass equal to similar to 6% of the combined escapement and commercial harvest (57.6 million kg). Although bears consume a small portion of the total mass of adult salmon, perpetuation of dense populations of large bears requires ecosystem-based management of the meat resources and environments that produce such bears.
C1 [Van Daele, M. B.; Robbins, C. T.] Washington State Univ, Sch Biol Sci, Pullman, WA 99164 USA.
[Robbins, C. T.] Washington State Univ, Sch Environm, Pullman, WA 99164 USA.
[Semmens, B. X.; Ward, E. J.] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
[Van Daele, L. J.] Alaska Dept Fish & Game, Kodiak, AK 99615 USA.
[Leacock, W. B.] Kodiak Natl Wildlife Refuge, Kodiak, AK 99615 USA.
RP Robbins, CT (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Sch Environm, Pullman, WA 99164 USA.
EM ctrobbins@wsu.edu
FU US Fish and Wildlife Service; Alaska Department of Fish and Game;
Washington State University
FX We appreciate the assistance of hundreds of Kodiak bear hunters who
donated bear hair samples, J. Crye for collecting those samples, M.
Evans for statistical advice, J. Teisberg and J. Erlenbach for
performing all statistical analyses, and T. Levi, C. Darimont, and G.
Mowat for many helpful comments. We also thank the staffs of the
Washington State University Bear Center, Kodiak National Wildlife
Refuge, Dworshak National Fish Hatchery, and Alaska Department of Fish
and Game for their assistance. The study complied with the current laws
of the United States of America, was conducted in accordance with animal
care and use guidelines, was approved by the Alaska Department of Fish
and Game Animal Care and Use Committee (protocol #2007-08), and was
funded by the US Fish and Wildlife Service, Alaska Department of Fish
and Game, and Washington State University.
NR 61
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 5
U2 58
PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS
PI OTTAWA
PA 1200 MONTREAL ROAD, BUILDING M-55, OTTAWA, ON K1A 0R6, CANADA
SN 0008-4301
J9 CAN J ZOOL
JI Can. J. Zool.-Rev. Can. Zool.
PD MAR
PY 2013
VL 91
IS 3
BP 164
EP 174
DI 10.1139/cjz-2012-0221
PG 11
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA 142FB
UT WOS:000318780900008
ER
PT J
AU Surek, JT
Coder, J
Gordon, J
Novotny, DR
AF Surek, Jack T.
Coder, Jason
Gordon, Joshua
Novotny, David R.
TI Polymer Membranes to Quarter-Wave Match Gaussian Optics
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON TERAHERTZ SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Index matching; millimeter-wave optics; standing waves; terahertz (THz)
optics
ID BEAM MODE ANALYSIS
AB We demonstrate two simple quarter-wave matches designed in the WR10 band that reduce peak reflected power by 20 and 25 dB near the match frequencies by use of membrane layers on high-density polyethylene (HDPE)-air interfaces. Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)-based membranes that are expanded by regular air voids are layered upon a solid HDPE slab by use of spray adhesive. S-parameter measurements with and without these layers demonstrate the improved power match with two to three membrane layers applied.
C1 [Surek, Jack T.; Coder, Jason; Gordon, Joshua; Novotny, David R.] NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Surek, JT (reprint author), NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM jsurek@boulder.nist.gov
FU NIST Innovations in Measurement Science under Grant "Antiferromagnetic
Resonance for Corrosion Detection"
FX This work was supported in-part by the NIST Innovations in Measurement
Science under Grant "Antiferromagnetic Resonance for Corrosion
Detection".
NR 13
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 5
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 2156-342X
J9 IEEE T THZ SCI TECHN
JI IEEE Trans. Terahertz Sci. Technol.
PD MAR
PY 2013
VL 3
IS 2
BP 187
EP 191
DI 10.1109/TTHZ.2012.2236607
PG 5
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Optics; Physics
GA 142BF
UT WOS:000318770300011
ER
PT J
AU Williams, DF
AF Williams, Dylan F.
TI Comparison of Sub-Millimeter-Wave Scattering-Parameter Calibrations With
Imperfect Electrical Ports (vol 2, pg 144, 2012)
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON TERAHERTZ SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Correction
C1 NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Williams, DF (reprint author), NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM dylan@boulder.nist.gov
NR 1
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 1
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 2156-342X
J9 IEEE T THZ SCI TECHN
JI IEEE Trans. Terahertz Sci. Technol.
PD MAR
PY 2013
VL 3
IS 2
BP 221
EP 221
DI 10.1109/TTHZ.2013.2244411
PG 1
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Optics; Physics
GA 142BF
UT WOS:000318770300017
ER
PT J
AU Miyatake, H
Nishizawa, AJ
Takada, M
Mandelbaum, R
Mineo, S
Aihara, H
Spergel, DN
Bickerton, SJ
Bond, JR
Gralla, M
Hajian, A
Hilton, M
Hincks, AD
Hughes, JP
Infante, L
Lin, YT
Lupton, RH
Marriage, TA
Marsden, D
Menanteau, F
Miyazaki, S
Moodley, K
Niemack, MD
Oguri, M
Price, PA
Reese, ED
Sifon, C
Wollack, EJ
Yasuda, N
AF Miyatake, Hironao
Nishizawa, Atsushi J.
Takada, Masahiro
Mandelbaum, Rachel
Mineo, Sogo
Aihara, Hiroaki
Spergel, David N.
Bickerton, Steven J.
Bond, J. Richard
Gralla, Megan
Hajian, Amir
Hilton, Matt
Hincks, Adam D.
Hughes, John P.
Infante, Leopoldo
Lin, Yen-Ting
Lupton, Robert H.
Marriage, Tobias A.
Marsden, Danica
Menanteau, Felipe
Miyazaki, Satoshi
Moodley, Kavilan
Niemack, Michael D.
Oguri, Masamune
Price, Paul A.
Reese, Erik D.
Sifon, Cristobal
Wollack, Edward J.
Yasuda, Naoki
TI Subaru weak lensing measurement of a z=0.81 cluster discovered by the
Atacama Cosmology Telescope Survey
SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
DE gravitational lensing: weak; galaxies: clusters: individual: ACT-CL
J0022.2-0036; cosmology: observation
ID DIGITAL SKY SURVEY; SOUTH-POLE TELESCOPE; OSCILLATION SPECTROSCOPIC
SURVEY; STEEP MASS PROFILE; DARK-MATTER HALOS; GALAXY CLUSTERS;
SDSS-III; PHOTOMETRIC REDSHIFTS; IMAGE SUBTRACTION; SUPRIME-CAM
AB We present a Subaru weak lensing measurement of ACT-CL J0022.2-0036, one of the most luminous, high-redshift (z = 0.81) Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (SZ) clusters discovered in the 268 deg(2) equatorial region survey of the Atacama Cosmology Telescope that overlaps with Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) Stripe 82 field. Ours is the first weak lensing study with Subaru at such high redshifts. For the weak lensing analysis using i'-band images, we use a model-fitting (Gauss-Laguerre shapelet) method to measure shapes of galaxy images, where we fit galaxy images in different exposures simultaneously to obtain best-fitting ellipticities taking into account the different point spread functions (PSFs) in each exposure. We also take into account the astrometric distortion effect on galaxy images by performing the model fitting in the world coordinate system. To select background galaxies behind the cluster at z = 0.81, we use photometric redshift estimates for every galaxy derived from the co-added images of multi-passband Br'i'z'Y, with PSF matching/homogenization. After a photometric redshift cut for background galaxy selection, we detect the tangential weak lensing distortion signal with a total signal-to-noise ratio of about 3.7. By fitting a Navarro-Frenk-White model to the measured shear profile, we find the cluster mass to be M-200 (rho) over barm = [7.5(-2.8)(+3.2)(stat.)(+1.3)(-0.6)(sys.)] x 10(14) M-circle dot h(-1). The weak lensing-derived mass is consistent with previous mass estimates based on the SZ observation, with assumptions of hydrostatic equilibrium and virial theorem, as well as with scaling relations between SZ signal and mass derived from weak lensing, X-ray and velocity dispersion, within the measurement errors. We also show that the existence of ACT-CL J0022.2-0036 at z = 0.81 is consistent with the cluster abundance prediction of the Lambda-dominated cold dark matter structure formation model. We thus demonstrate the capability of Subaru-type ground-based images for studying weak lensing of high-redshift clusters.
C1 [Miyatake, Hironao; Mineo, Sogo; Aihara, Hiroaki] Univ Tokyo, Dept Phys, Bunkyo Ku, Tokyo 1130031, Japan.
[Miyatake, Hironao; Nishizawa, Atsushi J.; Takada, Masahiro; Mineo, Sogo; Aihara, Hiroaki; Spergel, David N.; Bickerton, Steven J.; Oguri, Masamune; Yasuda, Naoki] Univ Tokyo, WPI, Kavli IPMU, Kashiwa, Chiba 2778582, Japan.
[Miyatake, Hironao; Mandelbaum, Rachel; Spergel, David N.; Bickerton, Steven J.; Lupton, Robert H.; Price, Paul A.] Princeton Univ, Dept Astrophys Sci, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
[Mandelbaum, Rachel] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Phys, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA.
[Bond, J. Richard; Hajian, Amir; Hincks, Adam D.] Univ Toronto, Canadian Inst Theoret Astrophys, Toronto, ON M5S 3H8, Canada.
[Gralla, Megan; Marriage, Tobias A.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.
[Hilton, Matt] Univ Nottingham, Sch Phys & Astron, Nottingham NG7 2RD, England.
[Hilton, Matt; Moodley, Kavilan] Univ KwaZulu Natal, Astrophys & Cosmol Res Unit, Sch Math Stat & Comp Sci, ZA-4041 Durban, South Africa.
[Hughes, John P.; Menanteau, Felipe] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA.
[Infante, Leopoldo; Sifon, Cristobal] Pontificia Univ Catolica Chile, Fac Fis, Dept Astron & Astrofis, Santiago 22, Chile.
[Lin, Yen-Ting] Acad Sinica, Inst Astron & Astrophys, Taipei 115, Taiwan.
[Marsden, Danica] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Phys, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
[Miyazaki, Satoshi] Natl Inst Nat Sci, Natl Astron Observ Japan, Mitaka, Tokyo 1818588, Japan.
[Niemack, Michael D.] NIST, Quantum Devices Grp, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Reese, Erik D.] Univ Penn, Dept Phys & Astron, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
[Sifon, Cristobal] Leiden Univ, Leiden Observ, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands.
[Wollack, Edward J.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
RP Miyatake, H (reprint author), Univ Tokyo, Dept Phys, Bunkyo Ku, Tokyo 1130031, Japan.
EM miyatake@astro.princeton.edu
RI Aihara, Hiroaki/F-3854-2010; Oguri, Masamune/C-6230-2011; Spergel,
David/A-4410-2011; Hilton, Matthew James/N-5860-2013; Mandelbaum,
Rachel/N-8955-2014; Wollack, Edward/D-4467-2012;
OI Aihara, Hiroaki/0000-0002-1907-5964; Mandelbaum,
Rachel/0000-0003-2271-1527; Wollack, Edward/0000-0002-7567-4451;
Menanteau, Felipe/0000-0002-1372-2534; Sifon,
Cristobal/0000-0002-8149-1352
FU MEXT/JSPS [DC1]; JSPS KAKENHI [23340061]; JSPS Core-to-Core Program
'International Research Network for Dark Energy'; World Premier
International Research Center Initiative (WPI Initiative), MEXT, Japan;
FIRST programme 'Subaru Measurements of Images and Redshifts (SuMIRe)',
CSTP, Japan; Alfred P. Sloan Foundation; National Science Foundation; US
Department of Energy Office of Science
FX HM and MT greatly thank Gary Bernstein, Bhuvnesh Jain and Mike Jarvis
for many useful and constructive discussion on the shape measurement
methods. HM acknowledges support by MEXT/JSPS Grant-in-Aid for JSPS
Fellows (DC1). This work is supported in part by JSPS KAKENHI (Grant
Number: 23340061), JSPS Core-to-Core Program 'International Research
Network for Dark Energy', by World Premier International Research Center
Initiative (WPI Initiative), MEXT, Japan, and by the FIRST programme
'Subaru Measurements of Images and Redshifts (SuMIRe)', CSTP, Japan.;
Funding for SDSS-III has been provided by the Alfred P. Sloan
Foundation, the Participating Institutions, the National Science
Foundation and the US Department of Energy Office of Science. The
SDSS-III web site is http://www.sdss3.org/.; SDSS-III is managed by the
Astrophysical Research Consortium for the Participating Institutions of
the SDSS-III Collaboration including the University of Arizona, the
Brazilian Participation Group, Brookhaven National Laboratory,
University of Cambridge, Carnegie Mellon University, University of
Florida, the French Participation Group, the German Participation Group,
Harvard University, the Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias, the
Michigan State/Notre Dame/JINA Participation Group, The Johns Hopkins
University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max Planck Institute
for Astrophysics, Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, New
Mexico State University, New York University, Ohio State University,
Pennsylvania State University, University of Portsmouth, Princeton
University, the Spanish Participation Group, University of Tokyo,
University of Utah, Vanderbilt University, University of Virginia,
University of Washington and Yale University.
NR 72
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 1
U2 8
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 0035-8711
J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC
JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc.
PD MAR
PY 2013
VL 429
IS 4
BP 3627
EP 3644
DI 10.1093/mnras/sts643
PG 18
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 135FD
UT WOS:000318272600072
ER
PT J
AU Storlazzi, CD
Fregoso, TA
Figurski, JD
Freiwald, J
Lonhart, SI
Finlayson, DP
AF Storlazzi, Curt D.
Fregoso, Theresa A.
Figurski, Jared D.
Freiwald, Jan
Lonhart, Steve I.
Finlayson, David P.
TI Burial and exhumation of temperate bedrock reefs as elucidated by
repetitive high-resolution sea floor sonar surveys: Spatial patterns and
impacts to species' richness and diversity
SO CONTINENTAL SHELF RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Bedrock; Sediment; Burial; Exhumation; Diversity; Richness
ID AUSTRALIAN CONTINENTAL-SHELF; NORTHERN MONTEREY-BAY; CENTRAL CALIFORNIA;
MARINE RESERVES; EL-NINO; COMMUNITIES; DISTURBANCE; DYNAMICS;
CLASSIFICATION; CONSERVATION
AB To understand how chronic sediment burial and scour contribute to variation in the structure of algal and invertebrate communities on temperate bedrock reefs, the dynamics of the substrate and communities were monitored at locations that experience sand inundation and adjacent areas that do not. Co-located benthic scuba-transect surveys and high-resolution swath-sonar surveys were completed on bedrock reefs on the inner shelf of northern Monterey Bay, CA, in early winter 2009, spring 2010, and summer 2010. Analysis of the sonar surveys demonstrates that during the 8 months over which the surveys were conducted, 19.6% of the study area was buried by sand while erosion resulted in the exposure of bedrock over 13.8% of the study area; the remainder underwent no change between the surveys. Substrate classifications from the benthic transect surveys correlated with classifications generated from the sonar surveys, demonstrating the capacity of high-resolution sonar surveys to detect burial of bedrock reefs by sediment. On bedrock habitat that underwent burial and exhumation, species' diversity and richness of rock-associated sessile and mobile organisms were 50-66% lower as compared to adjacent stable bedrock habitat. While intermediate levels of disturbance can increase the diversity and richness of communities, these findings demonstrate that burial and exhumation of bedrock habitat are sources of severe disturbance. We suggest that substrate dynamics must be considered when developing predictions of benthic community distributions based on sea floor imagery. These results highlight the need for predictive models of substrate dynamics and for a better understanding of how burial and exhumation shape benthic communities. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Storlazzi, Curt D.; Fregoso, Theresa A.; Finlayson, David P.] Pacific Coastal & Marine Sci Ctr, US Geol Survey, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
[Figurski, Jared D.; Freiwald, Jan] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Inst Marine Sci, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
[Lonhart, Steve I.] Monterey Bay Natl Marine Sanctuary, Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
RP Storlazzi, CD (reprint author), Pacific Coastal & Marine Sci Ctr, US Geol Survey, 400 Nat Bridges Dr, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
EM cstorlazzi@usgs.gov; tfregoso@usgs.gov; figurski@biology.ucsc.edu;
freiwald@biology.ucsc.edu; steve.lonhart@noaa.gov; dfinlayson@usgs.gov
OI Storlazzi, Curt/0000-0001-8057-4490; Fregoso,
Theresa/0000-0001-7802-5812
FU U.S. Geological Survey Coastal and Marine Geology Program's Benthic
Habitats (Pacific) Project
FX This work was funded by the U.S. Geological Survey Coastal and Marine
Geology Program's Benthic Habitats (Pacific) Project to better
understand the effects of geologic and oceanographic processes on
coastal and marine ecosystems. Jared Figurski (UCSC) and J Freiwald
(UCSC) participated as part of the U.S. Geological Survey- University of
California at Santa Cruz Co-Operative. Jackson Currie, David Finlayson,
Robert Wyland, Gerry Hatcher and Mike Boyle (USGS) ran the sonar
acquisition systems while Pete dal Ferro and Jamie Grover (USGS)
captained the vessel R/V Parke Snavely. Brian Edwards (USGS), Peter
Dartnell (USGS), and Piers Larcombe (MetOcean) contributed numerous
excellent suggestions and a timely review of our work. Use of trademark
names does not imply USGS endorsement of products.
NR 44
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U1 0
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PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0278-4343
J9 CONT SHELF RES
JI Cont. Shelf Res.
PD MAR 1
PY 2013
VL 55
BP 40
EP 51
DI 10.1016/j.csr.2013.01.013
PG 12
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA 130TU
UT WOS:000317943800004
ER
EF