FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT J AU Koh, HR Kidwell, MA Ragunathan, K Doudna, JA Myong, S AF Koh, Hye Ran Kidwell, Mary Anne Ragunathan, Kaushik Doudna, Jennifer A. Myong, Sua TI ATP-independent diffusion of double-stranded RNA binding proteins SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE RNA interference; single molecule FRET ID REPRESSOR-OPERATOR INTERACTION; ONE-DIMENSIONAL DIFFUSION; RECEPTOR RIG-I; TAR RNA; STRUCTURAL BASIS; MICRORNA MATURATION; DRIVEN MECHANISMS; DISTINCT ROLES; NUCLEIC-ACIDS; KINASE PKR AB The proteins harboring double-stranded RNA binding domains (dsRBDs) play diverse functional roles such as RNA localization, splicing, editing, export, and translation, yet mechanistic basis and functional significance of dsRBDs remain unclear. To unravel this enigma, we investigated transactivation response RNA binding protein (TRBP) consisting of three dsRBDs, which functions in HIV replication, protein kinase R(PKR)-mediated immune response, and RNA silencing. Here we report an ATP-independent diffusion activity of TRBP exclusively on dsRNA in a length-dependent manner. The first two dsRBDs of TRBP are essential for diffusion, whereas the third dsRBD is dispensable. Two homologs of TRBP, PKR activator and R3D1-L, displayed the same diffusion, implying a universality of the diffusion activity among this protein family. Furthermore, a Dicer-TRBP complex on dsRNA exhibited dynamic diffusion, which was correlated with Dicer's catalytic activity. These results implicate the dsRNA-specific diffusion activity of TRBP that contributes to enhancing siRNA and miRNA processing by Dicer. C1 [Koh, Hye Ran] Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Koh, Hye Ran; Myong, Sua] Inst Genom Biol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Kidwell, Mary Anne; Doudna, Jennifer A.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mol & Cell Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Ragunathan, Kaushik; Myong, Sua] Univ Illinois, Dept Biophys & Computat Biol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Doudna, Jennifer A.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Howard Hughes Med Inst, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Doudna, Jennifer A.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Myong, Sua] Univ Illinois, Dept Bioengn, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP Myong, S (reprint author), Inst Genom Biol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM smyong@illinois.edu FU American Cancer Society [RSG-12-066-01-DMC]; Human Frontier Science Program [RGP0007/2012]; US National Science Foundation Physics Frontiers Center Program through the Center for the Physics of Living Cells [0822613]; National Institutes of Health [AI083025, GM073794-06] FX We thank T. Ha, H. Hwang, and Y. Qiu for helpful discussions and R. Zhou, Y. Ishitzuka, Q. Xu, and C. Xu for careful review of the manuscript. This work was funded by the American Cancer Society (Research Scholar Grant RSG-12-066-01-DMC), the Human Frontier Science Program (RGP0007/2012), and the US National Science Foundation Physics Frontiers Center Program (0822613) through the Center for the Physics of Living Cells (to S. M.) and National Institutes of Health Grants AI083025 (to S. M and H. R. K.) and GM073794-06 (to J.A.D. and M. A. K). J.A.D. is an investigator of the Howard Hughes Medical Institute. NR 54 TC 23 Z9 24 U1 1 U2 26 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD JAN 2 PY 2013 VL 110 IS 1 BP 151 EP 156 DI 10.1073/pnas.1212917110 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 071XI UT WOS:000313630300042 PM 23251028 ER PT J AU Grady, DL Thanos, PK Corrada, MM Barnett, JC Ciobanu, V Shustarovich, D Napoli, A Moyzis, AG Grandy, D Rubinstein, M Wang, GJ Kawas, CH Chen, CS Dong, Q Wang, E Volkow, ND Moyzis, RK AF Grady, Deborah L. Thanos, Panayotis K. Corrada, Maria M. Barnett, Jeffrey C., Jr. Ciobanu, Valentina Shustarovich, Diana Napoli, Anthony Moyzis, Alexandra G. Grandy, David Rubinstein, Marcelo Wang, Gene-Jack Kawas, Claudia H. Chen, Chuansheng Dong, Qi Wang, Eric Volkow, Nora D. Moyzis, Robert K. TI DRD4 Genotype Predicts Longevity in Mouse and Human SO JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE LA English DT Article ID DOPAMINE-RECEPTOR D4; DEFICIT HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER; PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; D-4 RECEPTOR; 7-REPEAT ALLELE; MISSING HERITABILITY; VOLUNTARY EXERCISE; GENE LOCUS; ASSOCIATION; ATTENTION AB Longevity is influenced by genetic and environmental factors. The brain's dopamine system may be particularly relevant, since it modulates traits (e.g., sensitivity to reward, incentive motivation, sustained effort) that impact behavioral responses to the environment. In particular, the dopamine D4 receptor (DRD4) has been shown to moderate the impact of environments on behavior and health. We tested the hypothesis that the DRD4 gene influences longevity and that its impact is mediated through environmental effects. Surviving participants of a 30-year-old population-based health survey (N = 310; age range, 90-109 years; the 90+ Study) were genotyped/resequenced at the DRD4 gene and compared with a European ancestry-matched younger population (N = 2902; age range, 7-45 years). We found that the oldest-old population had a 66% increase in individuals carrying the DRD47R allele relative to the younger sample (p = 3.5 x 10(-9)), and that this genotype was strongly correlated with increased levels of physical activity. Consistent with these results, DRD4 knock-out mice, when compared with wild-type and heterozygous mice, displayed a 7-9.7% decrease in lifespan, reduced spontaneous locomotor activity, and no lifespan increase when reared in an enriched environment. These results support the hypothesis that DRD4 gene variants contribute to longevity in humans and in mice, and suggest that this effect is mediated by shaping behavioral responses to the environment. C1 [Grady, Deborah L.; Ciobanu, Valentina; Moyzis, Alexandra G.; Wang, Eric; Moyzis, Robert K.] Univ Calif Irvine, Coll Med, Dept Biol Chem, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. [Thanos, Panayotis K.; Volkow, Nora D.] NIAAA, Lab Neuroimaging, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Thanos, Panayotis K.; Barnett, Jeffrey C., Jr.; Shustarovich, Diana; Napoli, Anthony; Wang, Gene-Jack; Volkow, Nora D.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Med, Behav Neuropharmocol & Neuroimaging Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Thanos, Panayotis K.] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Psychol, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. [Corrada, Maria M.; Kawas, Claudia H.] Univ Calif, Dept Neurol, Orange, CA 92868 USA. [Grandy, David] Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, Portland, OR 97239 USA. [Rubinstein, Marcelo] Consejo Nacl Invest Cient & Tecn, Natl Council Sci & Technol, Inst Res Genet Engn & Mol Biol, RA-1033 Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. [Chen, Chuansheng] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Psychol & Social Behav, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. [Dong, Qi; Moyzis, Robert K.] Beijing Normal Univ, Natl Key Lab Cognit Neurosci & Learning, Beijing 100875, Peoples R China. [Wang, Eric] Aria Diagnost Inc, San Jose, CA 95138 USA. [Wang, Eric; Moyzis, Robert K.] Univ Calif Irvine, Inst Genom & Bioinformat, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. [Volkow, Nora D.] NIDA, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RP Moyzis, RK (reprint author), Univ Calif Irvine, Coll Med, Dept Biol Chem, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. EM nvolkow@nida.nih.gov; rmoyzis@uci.edu OI corrada, maria/0000-0002-8168-8593; Chen, Chuansheng/0000-0002-8224-1005 FU U.S. Department of Energy; National Institute of Aging; National Library of Medicine National Research Service Award; Ministry of Education of China; National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism Intramural Program FX This work was supported by grants from the U.S. Department of Energy and National Institute of Aging (to R.K.M.), a National Library of Medicine National Research Service Award (to E.W.), the National Institute of Aging (to C.H.K.), the 111 Gene/Brain/Behavior Project from the Ministry of Education of China (to Q.D.), and the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism Intramural Program (to N.D.V.). We dedicate this paper to Hubert H.M. Van Tol, whose pioneering work on the DRD4 protein will not be forgotten. We thank the participants, especially those of the 90+ Study, for their generous involvement in this project; Hao-Yuan Cheng and Simin Hakim for technical assistance; and Ruben Baler for editorial assistance. NR 48 TC 23 Z9 24 U1 2 U2 15 PU SOC NEUROSCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 11 DUPONT CIRCLE, NW, STE 500, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0270-6474 J9 J NEUROSCI JI J. Neurosci. PD JAN 2 PY 2013 VL 33 IS 1 BP 286 EP U693 DI 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.3515-12.2013 PG 7 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 064BS UT WOS:000313046500027 PM 23283341 ER PT J AU Hucker, M Zimmermann, MV Xu, ZJ Wen, JS Gu, GD Tranquada, JM AF Huecker, M. Zimmermann, M. V. Xu, Z. J. Wen, J. S. Gu, G. D. Tranquada, J. M. TI Enhanced charge stripe order of superconducting La2-xBaxCuO4 in a magnetic field SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID HIGH-TEMPERATURE SUPERCONDUCTOR; T-C SUPERCONDUCTOR; FERMI-SURFACE; DOPED LA2-XSRXCUO4; CRYSTAL-STATE AB The effect of a magnetic field on the charge stripe order in La2-xBaxCuO4 has been studied by means of high-energy (100 keV) x-ray diffraction for charge carrier concentrations ranging from strongly underdoped to optimally doped. We find that charge stripe order can be significantly enhanced by a magnetic field applied along the c axis, but only at temperatures and dopings where it coexists with bulk superconductivity at zero field. The field also increases stripe correlations between the planes, which can result in an enhanced frustration of the interlayer Josephson coupling. Close to the famous x = 1/8 compound, where zero field stripe order is pronounced and bulk superconductivity is suppressed, charge stripe order is independent of a magnetic field. The results for La2-xBaxCuO4 resemble recent observations in YBa2Cu3O6 broken vertical bar delta d and, independent of potential differences in the microscopic origin of charge order in these two compounds, imply a very similar competition with three-dimensionally coherent superconductivity. DOI:10.1103/PhysRevB.87.014501 C1 [Huecker, M.; Xu, Z. J.; Wen, J. S.; Gu, G. D.; Tranquada, J. M.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Phys & Mat Sci Dept, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Zimmermann, M. V.] Deutsch Elektronen Synchrotron DESY, Hamburger Synchrotronstrahlungslab HASYLAB, D-22603 Hamburg, Germany. RP Hucker, M (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Phys & Mat Sci Dept, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RI Tranquada, John/A-9832-2009; Wen, Jinsheng/F-4209-2010; Gu, Genda/D-5410-2013; xu, zhijun/A-3264-2013 OI Tranquada, John/0000-0003-4984-8857; Wen, Jinsheng/0000-0001-5864-1466; Gu, Genda/0000-0002-9886-3255; xu, zhijun/0000-0001-7486-2015 FU Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Science and Engineering, US Department of Energy (DOE) [DE-AC02-98CH10886] FX The work at Brookhaven was supported by the Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Science and Engineering, US Department of Energy (DOE), under Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886. NR 52 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 29 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JAN 2 PY 2013 VL 87 IS 1 AR 014501 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.87.014501 PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 063KT UT WOS:000312998000005 ER PT J AU Kunkel, DA Hooper, J Simpson, S Rojas, GA Ducharme, S Usher, T Zurek, E Enders, A AF Kunkel, Donna A. Hooper, James Simpson, Scott Rojas, Geoffrey A. Ducharme, Stephen Usher, Timothy Zurek, Eva Enders, Axel TI Proton transfer in surface-stabilized chiral motifs of croconic acid SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID TEMPERATURE FERROELECTRICITY; POLARIZATION; CRYSTALS; KH2PO4 AB The structure and cooperative proton ordering of two-dimensional sheets of croconic acid were studied with scanning tunneling microscopy and first-principles calculations. Unlike in the crystalline form, which exhibits a pleated, densely packed polar sheet structure, the confinement of the molecules to the surface results in hydrogen-bonded chiral clusters and networks. First-principles calculations suggest that the surface stabilizes networks of configurational isomers, which arise from direct hydrogen transfer between their constituent croconic acid monomers. Some of these configurations have a net polarization. It is demonstrated through constrained molecular dynamics simulations that simultaneous proton transfer between any two molecules can occur spontaneously. This finding is a prerequisite for the occurrence of in-plane ferroelectricity based on proton transfer in 2D sheets. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevB.87.041402 C1 [Kunkel, Donna A.; Rojas, Geoffrey A.; Ducharme, Stephen; Enders, Axel] Univ Nebraska, Dept Phys & Astron, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA. [Hooper, James; Simpson, Scott; Zurek, Eva] SUNY Buffalo, Dept Chem, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. [Rojas, Geoffrey A.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Nanophase Mat Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Ducharme, Stephen; Enders, Axel] Univ Nebraska, Nebraska Ctr Mat & Nanosci, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA. [Usher, Timothy] Calif State Univ San Bernardino, Dept Phys, San Bernardino, CA 92407 USA. RP Kunkel, DA (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, Dept Phys & Astron, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA. EM ezurek@buffalo.edu; aenders2@unl.edu RI Simpson, Scott/E-9425-2012; Zurek, Eva/J-4387-2012; Ducharme, Stephen/A-1909-2009; OI Zurek, Eva/0000-0003-0738-867X; Ducharme, Stephen/0000-0003-0936-7995; Simpson, Scott/0000-0001-8093-1814 FU University of Nebraska-Lincoln Research Council; National Science Foundation through the Materials Research Science and Engineering Center [DMR-0213808]; National Science Foundation through NSF Grants [DMR-0747704, EPS-1004094]; Department of Defense [W911NF-12-1-0080]; Center for Computational Research at the University at Buffalo FX This work was supported by the University of Nebraska-Lincoln Research Council, by the National Science Foundation through the Materials Research Science and Engineering Center (Grant No. DMR-0213808), through NSF Grants No. DMR-0747704 and No. EPS-1004094, and by Department of Defense Contract No. W911NF-12-1-0080. Support from the Center for Computational Research at the University at Buffalo is acknowledged. NR 18 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 3 U2 42 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9950 EI 2469-9969 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JAN 2 PY 2013 VL 87 IS 4 AR 041402 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.87.041402 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 063LI UT WOS:000312999800003 ER PT J AU Zhang, L Koschny, T Soukoulis, CM AF Zhang, Lei Koschny, Thomas Soukoulis, C. M. TI Creating double negative index materials using the Babinet principle with one metasurface SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID TERAHERTZ METAMATERIALS; PHOTONIC METAMATERIALS; CONDUCTORS AB Metamaterials are patterned metallic structures which permit access to a novel electromagnetic response, negative index of refraction, impossible to achieve with naturally occurring materials. Using the Babinet principle, the complementary split ring resonator (SRR) is etched in a metallic plate to provide negative epsilon, with perpendicular direction. Here we propose a new design, etched in a metallic plate to provide negative magnetic permeability mu, with perpendicular direction. The combined electromagnetic response of this planar metamaterial, where the negative mu comes from the aperture and the negative epsilon from the remainder of the continuous metallic plate, allows achievement of a double negative index metamaterial (NIM) with only one metasurface and strong transmission. These designs can be used to fabricate NIMs at microwave and optical wavelengths and three-dimensional metamaterials. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevB.87.045101 C1 [Zhang, Lei; Koschny, Thomas; Soukoulis, C. M.] Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, US DOE, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Zhang, Lei; Koschny, Thomas; Soukoulis, C. M.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Soukoulis, C. M.] FORTH, IESL, Iraklion 71110, Crete, Greece. RP Zhang, L (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, US DOE, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM mywaters@iastate.edu; soukoulis@ameslab.gov RI Soukoulis, Costas/A-5295-2008 FU Department of Energy (Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering) [DE-AC02-07CH11358]; ERC (PHOTOMETA) [320081]; Office of Naval Research [N00014-10-1-0925] FX Work at Ames Laboratory was partially supported by the Department of Energy (Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering) under Contract No. DE-AC02-07CH11358 (computational studies) and by ERC Grant No. 320081 (PHOTOMETA). This work was partially supported by the Office of Naval Research, Award No. N00014-10-1-0925 (theory). NR 36 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 4 U2 98 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JAN 2 PY 2013 VL 87 IS 4 AR 045101 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.87.045101 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 063LI UT WOS:000312999800004 ER PT J AU Bzdak, A Koch, V Skokov, V AF Bzdak, A. Koch, V. Skokov, V. TI Baryon number conservation and the cumulants of the net proton distribution SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID HEAVY-ION COLLISIONS; QCD; FLUCTUATIONS; TRANSITION; TEMPERATURE AB We discuss the modification of the cumulants of the net baryon and net proton distributions due to the global conservation of baryon number in heavy-ion collisions. Corresponding probability distributions and their cumulants are derived analytically. We show that the conservation of baryon number results in a substantial decrease of higher order cumulants. Based on our studies, we propose an observable that is insensitive to the modifications due to baryon number conservation. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevC.87.014901 C1 [Bzdak, A.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, RIKEN BNL Res Ctr, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Koch, V.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Skokov, V.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Bzdak, A (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, RIKEN BNL Res Ctr, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM ABzdak@bnl.gov; VKoch@lbl.gov; VSkokov@bnl.gov OI Skokov, Vladimir/0000-0001-7619-1796 FU US Department of Energy; Office of Nuclear Physics in the US Department of Energy's Office of Science [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education [N202 125437]; [DE-AC02-98CH10886] FX We thank F. Karsch and L. McLerran for discussions. AB and VS were supported by Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886 with the US Department of Energy. VK was supported by the Office of Nuclear Physics in the US Department of Energy's Office of Science under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. AB also acknowledges Grant No. N202 125437 of the Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education (2009-2012). NR 31 TC 44 Z9 44 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9985 EI 2469-9993 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD JAN 2 PY 2013 VL 87 IS 1 AR 014901 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.87.014901 PG 6 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 063LN UT WOS:000313000400003 ER PT J AU Aaltonen, T Gonzalez, BA Amerio, S Amidei, D Anastassov, A Annovi, A Antos, J Apollinari, G Appel, JA Arisawa, T Artikov, A Asaadi, J Ashmanskas, W Auerbach, B Aurisano, A Azfar, F Badgett, W Bae, T Barbaro-Galtieri, A Barnes, VE Barnett, BA Barria, P Bartos, P Bauce, M Bedeschi, F Behari, S Bellettini, G Bellinger, J Benjamin, D Beretvas, A Bhatti, A Bisello, D Bizjak, I Bland, KR Blumenfeld, B Bocci, A Bodek, A Bortoletto, D Boudreau, J Boveia, A Brigliadori, L Bromberg, C Brucken, E Budagov, J Budd, HS Burkett, K Busetto, G Bussey, P Buzatu, A Calamba, A Calancha, C Camarda, S Campanelli, M Campbell, M Canelli, F Carls, B Carlsmith, D Carosi, R Carrillo, S Carron, S Casal, B Casarsa, M Castro, A Catastini, P Cauz, D Cavaliere, V Cavalli-Sforza, M Cerri, A Cerrito, L Chen, YC Chertok, M Chiarelli, G Chlachidze, G Chlebana, F Cho, K Chokheli, D Chung, WH Chung, YS Ciocci, MA Clark, A Clarke, C Compostella, G Convery, ME Conway, J Corbo, M Cordelli, M Cox, CA Cox, DJ Crescioli, F Cuevas, J Culbertson, R Dagenhart, D d'Ascenzo, N Datta, M De Barbaro, P Dell'Orso, M Demortier, L Deninno, M Devoto, F d'Errico, M Canto, A Di Ruzza, B Dittmann, JR D'Onofrio, M Donati, S Dong, P Dorigo, M Dorigo, T Ebina, K Elagin, A Eppig, A Erbacher, R Errede, S Ershaidat, N Eusebi, R Farrington, S Feindt, M Fernandez, JP Field, R Flanagan, G Forrest, R Frank, MJ Franklin, M Freeman, JC Funakoshi, Y Furic, I Gallinaro, M Garcia, JE Garfinkel, AF Garosi, P Gerberich, H Gerchtein, E Giagu, S Giakoumopoulou, V Giannetti, P Gibson, K Ginsburg, CM Giokaris, N Giromini, P Giurgiu, G Glagolev, V Glenzinski, D Gold, M Goldin, D Goldschmidt, N Golossanov, A Gomez, G Gomez-Ceballos, G Goncharov, M Gonzalez, O Gorelov, I Goshaw, AT Goulianos, K Grinstein, S Grosso-Pilcher, C Group, RC Da Costa, JG Hahn, SR Halkiadakis, E Hamaguchi, A Han, JY Happacher, F Hara, K Hare, D Hare, M Harr, RF Hatakeyama, K Hays, C Heck, M Heinrich, J Herndon, M Hewamanage, S Hocker, A Hopkins, W Horn, D Hou, S Hughes, RE Hurwitz, M Husemann, U Hussain, N Hussein, M Huston, J Introzzi, G Iori, M Ivanov, A James, E Jang, D Jayatilaka, B Jeon, EJ Jindariani, S Jones, M Joo, KK Jun, SY Junk, TR Kamon, T Karchin, PE Kasmi, A Kato, Y Ketchum, W Keung, J Khotilovich, V Kilminster, B Kim, DH Kim, HS Kim, JE Kim, MJ Kim, SB Kim, SH Kim, YK Kim, YJ Kimura, N Kirby, M Klimenko, S Knoepfel, K Kondo, K Kong, DJ Konigsberg, J Kotwal, AV Kreps, M Kroll, J Krop, D Kruse, M Krutelyov, V Kuhr, T Kurata, M Kwang, S Laasanen, AT Lami, S Lammel, S Lancaster, M Lander, RL Lannon, K Lath, A Latino, G LeCompte, T Lee, E Lee, HS Lee, JS Lee, SW Leo, S Leone, S Lewis, JD Limosani, A Lin, CJ Lindgren, M Lipeles, E Lister, A Litvintsev, DO Liu, C Liu, H Liu, Q Liu, T Lockwitz, S Loginov, A Lucchesi, D Lueck, J Lujan, P Lukens, P Lungu, G Lys, J Lysak, R Madrak, R Maeshima, K Maestro, P Malik, S Manca, G Manousakis-Katsikakis, A Margaroli, F Marino, C Martinez, M Mastrandrea, P Matera, K Mattson, ME Mazzacane, A Mazzanti, P McFarland, KS McIntyre, P McNulty, R Mehta, A Mehtala, P Mesropian, C Miao, T Mietlicki, D Mitra, A Miyake, H Moed, S Moggi, N Mondragon, MN Moon, CS Moore, R Morello, MJ Morlock, J Fernandez, PM Mukherjee, A Muller, T Murat, P Mussini, M Nachtman, J Nagai, Y Naganoma, J Nakano, I Napier, A Nett, J Neu, C Neubauer, MS Nielsen, J Nodulman, L Noh, SY Norniella, O Oakes, L Oh, SH Oh, YD Oksuzian, I Okusawa, T Orava, R Ortolan, L Griso, SP Pagliarone, C Palencia, E Papadimitriou, V Paramonov, AA Patrick, J Pauletta, G Paulini, M Paus, C Pellett, DE Penzo, A Phillips, TJ Piacentino, G Pianori, E Pilot, J Pitts, K Plager, C Pondrom, L Poprocki, S Potamianos, K Prokoshin, F Pranko, A Ptohos, F Punzi, G Rahaman, A Ramakrishnan, V Ranjan, N Redondo, I Renton, P Rescigno, M Riddick, T Rimondi, F Ristori, L Robson, A Rodrigo, T Rodriguez, T Rogers, E Rolli, S Roser, R Ruffini, F Ruiz, A Russ, J Rusu, V Safonov, A Sakumoto, WK Sakurai, Y Santi, L Sato, K Saveliev, V Savoy-Navarro, A Schlabach, P Schmidt, A Schmidt, EE Schwarz, T Scodellaro, L Scribano, A Scuri, F Seidel, S Seiya, Y Semenov, A Sforza, F Shalhout, SZ Shears, T Shepard, PF Shimojima, M Shochet, M Shreyber-Tecker, I Simonenko, A Sinervo, P Sliwa, K Smith, JR Snider, FD Soha, A Sorin, V Song, H Squillacioti, P Stancari, M St Denis, R Stelzer, B Stelzer-Chilton, O Stentz, D Strologas, J Strycker, GL Sudo, Y Sukhanov, A Suslov, I Takemasa, K Takeuchi, Y Tang, J Tecchio, M Teng, PK Thom, J Thome, J Thompson, GA Thomson, E Toback, D Tokar, S Tollefson, K Tomura, T Tonelli, D Torre, S Torretta, D Totaro, P Trovato, M Ukegawa, F Uozumi, S Varganov, A Vazquez, F Velev, G Vellidis, C Vidal, M Vila, I Vilar, R Vizan, J Vogel, M Volpi, G Wagner, P Wagner, RL Wakisaka, T Wallny, R Wang, SM Warburton, A Waters, D Wester, WC Whiteson, D Wicklund, AB Wicklund, E Wilbur, S Wick, F Williams, HH Wilson, JS Wilson, P Winer, BL Wittich, P Wolbers, S Wolfe, H Wright, T Wu, X Wu, Z Yamamoto, K Yamato, D Yang, T Yang, UK Yang, YC Yao, WM Yeh, GP Yi, K Yoh, J Yorita, K Yoshida, T Yu, GB Yu, I Yu, SS Yun, JC Zanetti, A Zeng, Y Zhou, C Zucchelli, S AF Aaltonen, T. Alvarez Gonzalez, B. Amerio, S. Amidei, D. Anastassov, A. Annovi, A. Antos, J. Apollinari, G. Appel, J. A. Arisawa, T. Artikov, A. Asaadi, J. Ashmanskas, W. Auerbach, B. Aurisano, A. Azfar, F. Badgett, W. Bae, T. Barbaro-Galtieri, A. Barnes, V. E. Barnett, B. A. Barria, P. Bartos, P. Bauce, M. Bedeschi, F. Behari, S. Bellettini, G. Bellinger, J. Benjamin, D. Beretvas, A. Bhatti, A. Bisello, D. Bizjak, I. Bland, K. R. Blumenfeld, B. Bocci, A. Bodek, A. Bortoletto, D. Boudreau, J. Boveia, A. Brigliadori, L. Bromberg, C. Brucken, E. Budagov, J. Budd, H. S. Burkett, K. Busetto, G. Bussey, P. Buzatu, A. Calamba, A. Calancha, C. Camarda, S. Campanelli, M. Campbell, M. Canelli, F. Carls, B. Carlsmith, D. Carosi, R. Carrillo, S. Carron, S. Casal, B. Casarsa, M. Castro, A. Catastini, P. Cauz, D. Cavaliere, V. Cavalli-Sforza, M. Cerri, A. Cerrito, L. Chen, Y. C. Chertok, M. Chiarelli, G. Chlachidze, G. Chlebana, F. Cho, K. Chokheli, D. Chung, W. H. Chung, Y. S. Ciocci, M. A. Clark, A. Clarke, C. Compostella, G. Convery, M. E. Conway, J. Corbo, M. Cordelli, M. Cox, C. A. Cox, D. J. Crescioli, F. Cuevas, J. Culbertson, R. Dagenhart, D. d'Ascenzo, N. Datta, M. De Barbaro, P. Dell'Orso, M. Demortier, L. Deninno, M. Devoto, F. d'Errico, M. Di Canto, A. Di Ruzza, B. Dittmann, J. R. D'Onofrio, M. Donati, S. Dong, P. Dorigo, M. Dorigo, T. Ebina, K. Elagin, A. Eppig, A. Erbacher, R. Errede, S. Ershaidat, N. Eusebi, R. Farrington, S. Feindt, M. Fernandez, J. P. Field, R. Flanagan, G. Forrest, R. Frank, M. J. Franklin, M. Freeman, J. C. Funakoshi, Y. Furic, I. Gallinaro, M. Garcia, J. E. Garfinkel, A. F. Garosi, P. Gerberich, H. Gerchtein, E. Giagu, S. Giakoumopoulou, V. Giannetti, P. Gibson, K. Ginsburg, C. M. Giokaris, N. Giromini, P. Giurgiu, G. Glagolev, V. Glenzinski, D. Gold, M. Goldin, D. Goldschmidt, N. Golossanov, A. Gomez, G. Gomez-Ceballos, G. Goncharov, M. Gonzalez, O. Gorelov, I. Goshaw, A. T. Goulianos, K. Grinstein, S. Grosso-Pilcher, C. Group, R. C. Da Costa, J. Guimaraes Hahn, S. R. Halkiadakis, E. Hamaguchi, A. Han, J. Y. Happacher, F. Hara, K. Hare, D. Hare, M. Harr, R. F. Hatakeyama, K. Hays, C. Heck, M. Heinrich, J. Herndon, M. Hewamanage, S. Hocker, A. Hopkins, W. Horn, D. Hou, S. Hughes, R. E. Hurwitz, M. Husemann, U. Hussain, N. Hussein, M. Huston, J. Introzzi, G. Iori, M. Ivanov, A. James, E. Jang, D. Jayatilaka, B. Jeon, E. J. Jindariani, S. Jones, M. Joo, K. K. Jun, S. Y. Junk, T. R. Kamon, T. Karchin, P. E. Kasmi, A. Kato, Y. Ketchum, W. Keung, J. Khotilovich, V. Kilminster, B. Kim, D. H. Kim, H. S. Kim, J. E. Kim, M. J. Kim, S. B. Kim, S. H. Kim, Y. K. Kim, Y. J. Kimura, N. Kirby, M. Klimenko, S. Knoepfel, K. Kondo, K. Kong, D. J. Konigsberg, J. Kotwal, A. V. Kreps, M. Kroll, J. Krop, D. Kruse, M. Krutelyov, V. Kuhr, T. Kurata, M. Kwang, S. Laasanen, A. T. Lami, S. Lammel, S. Lancaster, M. Lander, R. L. Lannon, K. Lath, A. Latino, G. LeCompte, T. Lee, E. Lee, H. S. Lee, J. S. Lee, S. W. Leo, S. Leone, S. Lewis, J. D. Limosani, A. Lin, C. -J. Lindgren, M. Lipeles, E. Lister, A. Litvintsev, D. O. Liu, C. Liu, H. Liu, Q. Liu, T. Lockwitz, S. Loginov, A. Lucchesi, D. Lueck, J. Lujan, P. Lukens, P. Lungu, G. Lys, J. Lysak, R. Madrak, R. Maeshima, K. Maestro, P. Malik, S. Manca, G. Manousakis-Katsikakis, A. Margaroli, F. Marino, C. Martinez, M. Mastrandrea, P. Matera, K. Mattson, M. E. Mazzacane, A. Mazzanti, P. McFarland, K. S. McIntyre, P. McNulty, R. Mehta, A. Mehtala, P. Mesropian, C. Miao, T. Mietlicki, D. Mitra, A. Miyake, H. Moed, S. Moggi, N. Mondragon, M. N. Moon, C. S. Moore, R. Morello, M. J. Morlock, J. Fernandez, P. Movilla Mukherjee, A. Muller, Th. Murat, P. Mussini, M. Nachtman, J. Nagai, Y. Naganoma, J. Nakano, I. Napier, A. Nett, J. Neu, C. Neubauer, M. S. Nielsen, J. Nodulman, L. Noh, S. Y. Norniella, O. Oakes, L. Oh, S. H. Oh, Y. D. Oksuzian, I. Okusawa, T. Orava, R. Ortolan, L. Griso, S. Pagan Pagliarone, C. Palencia, E. Papadimitriou, V. Paramonov, A. A. Patrick, J. Pauletta, G. Paulini, M. Paus, C. Pellett, D. E. Penzo, A. Phillips, T. J. Piacentino, G. Pianori, E. Pilot, J. Pitts, K. Plager, C. Pondrom, L. Poprocki, S. Potamianos, K. Prokoshin, F. Pranko, A. Ptohos, F. Punzi, G. Rahaman, A. Ramakrishnan, V. Ranjan, N. Redondo, I. Renton, P. Rescigno, M. Riddick, T. Rimondi, F. Ristori, L. Robson, A. Rodrigo, T. Rodriguez, T. Rogers, E. Rolli, S. Roser, R. Ruffini, F. Ruiz, A. Russ, J. Rusu, V. Safonov, A. Sakumoto, W. K. Sakurai, Y. Santi, L. Sato, K. Saveliev, V. Savoy-Navarro, A. Schlabach, P. Schmidt, A. Schmidt, E. E. Schwarz, T. Scodellaro, L. Scribano, A. Scuri, F. Seidel, S. Seiya, Y. Semenov, A. Sforza, F. Shalhout, S. Z. Shears, T. Shepard, P. F. Shimojima, M. Shochet, M. Shreyber-Tecker, I. Simonenko, A. Sinervo, P. Sliwa, K. Smith, J. R. Snider, F. D. Soha, A. Sorin, V. Song, H. Squillacioti, P. Stancari, M. St Denis, R. Stelzer, B. Stelzer-Chilton, O. Stentz, D. Strologas, J. Strycker, G. L. Sudo, Y. Sukhanov, A. Suslov, I. Takemasa, K. Takeuchi, Y. Tang, J. Tecchio, M. Teng, P. K. Thom, J. Thome, J. Thompson, G. A. Thomson, E. Toback, D. Tokar, S. Tollefson, K. Tomura, T. Tonelli, D. Torre, S. Torretta, D. Totaro, P. Trovato, M. Ukegawa, F. Uozumi, S. Varganov, A. Vazquez, F. Velev, G. Vellidis, C. Vidal, M. Vila, I. Vilar, R. Vizan, J. Vogel, M. Volpi, G. Wagner, P. Wagner, R. L. Wakisaka, T. Wallny, R. Wang, S. M. Warburton, A. Waters, D. Wester, W. C., III Whiteson, D. Wicklund, A. B. Wicklund, E. Wilbur, S. Wick, F. Williams, H. H. Wilson, J. S. Wilson, P. Winer, B. L. Wittich, P. Wolbers, S. Wolfe, H. Wright, T. Wu, X. Wu, Z. Yamamoto, K. Yamato, D. Yang, T. Yang, U. K. Yang, Y. C. Yao, W. -M. Yeh, G. P. Yi, K. Yoh, J. Yorita, K. Yoshida, T. Yu, G. B. Yu, I. Yu, S. S. Yun, J. C. Zanetti, A. Zeng, Y. Zhou, C. Zucchelli, S. CA CDF Collaboration TI Measurement of the B-c(-) meson lifetime in the decay B-c(-) -> J/psi pi(-) SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article AB The lifetime of the B-c(-) meson is measured using 272 exclusive B-c(-) -> J/psi (-> mu(+) mu(-))pi(-) decays reconstructed in data from proton-antiproton collisions corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 6.7 fb(-1) recorded by the CDF II detector at the Fermilab Tevatron. The lifetime of the B-c(-) meson is measured to be tau(B-c(-)) = 0.452 +/- 0.048(stat) +/- 0.027(syst) ps. This is the first measurement of the B-c(-) meson lifetime in a fully reconstructed hadronic channel, and it agrees with previous results and has comparable precision. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevD.87.011101 C1 [Aaltonen, T.; Brucken, E.; Devoto, F.; Mehtala, P.; Orava, R.] Univ Helsinki, Dept Phys, Div High Energy Phys, FIN-00014 Helsinki, Finland. [Aaltonen, T.; Brucken, E.; Devoto, F.; Mehtala, P.; Orava, R.] Helsinki Inst Phys, FIN-00014 Helsinki, Finland. [Chen, Y. C.; Hou, S.; Mitra, A.; Teng, P. K.; Wang, S. M.] Acad Sinica, Inst Phys, Taipei 11529, Taiwan. [LeCompte, T.; Nodulman, L.; Paramonov, A. A.; Wicklund, A. B.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Giakoumopoulou, V.; Giokaris, N.; Manousakis-Katsikakis, A.] Univ Athens, GR-15771 Athens, Greece. [Camarda, S.; Cavalli-Sforza, M.; Grinstein, S.; Martinez, M.; Ortolan, L.; Sorin, V.] Univ Autonoma Barcelona, ICREA, Inst Fis Altes Energies, E-08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain. [Bland, K. R.; Dittmann, J. R.; Frank, M. J.; Hatakeyama, K.; Hewamanage, S.; Kasmi, A.; Wu, Z.] Baylor Univ, Waco, TX 76798 USA. [Brigliadori, L.; Castro, A.; Deninno, M.; Mazzanti, P.; Moggi, N.; Mussini, M.; Rimondi, F.; Zucchelli, S.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-40127 Bologna, Italy. [Brigliadori, L.; Castro, A.; Mussini, M.; Rimondi, F.; Zucchelli, S.] Univ Bologna, I-40127 Bologna, Italy. [Chertok, M.; Conway, J.; Cox, C. A.; Cox, D. J.; Erbacher, R.; Forrest, R.; Ivanov, A.; Lander, R. L.; Pellett, D. E.; Shalhout, S. Z.; Smith, J. R.] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Plager, C.; Wallny, R.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. [Alvarez Gonzalez, B.; Casal, B.; Cuevas, J.; Gomez, G.; Palencia, E.; Rodrigo, T.; Ruiz, A.; Scodellaro, L.; Vila, I.; Vilar, R.; Vizan, J.] Univ Cantabria, CSIC, Inst Fis Cantabria, E-39005 Santander, Spain. [Calamba, A.; Jang, D.; Jun, S. Y.; Paulini, M.; Russ, J.; Thome, J.] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. [Boveia, A.; Canelli, F.; Grosso-Pilcher, C.; Hurwitz, M.; Ketchum, W.; Kim, Y. K.; Krop, D.; Kwang, S.; Lee, H. S.; Shochet, M.; Tang, J.; Wilbur, S.; Yang, U. K.] Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Antos, J.; Bartos, P.; Lysak, R.; Tokar, S.] Inst Expt Phys, Kosice 04001, Slovakia. [Antos, J.; Bartos, P.; Lysak, R.; Tokar, S.] Comenius Univ, Bratislava 84248, Slovakia. [Artikov, A.; Budagov, J.; Chokheli, D.; Glagolev, V.; Prokoshin, F.; Semenov, A.; Simonenko, A.; Suslov, I.] Joint Inst Nucl Res, RU-141980 Dubna, Russia. [Benjamin, D.; Bocci, A.; Goshaw, A. T.; Jayatilaka, B.; Kotwal, A. V.; Kruse, M.; Limosani, A.; Oh, S. H.; Phillips, T. J.; Yu, G. B.; Zeng, Y.; Zhou, C.] Duke Univ, Durham, NC 27708 USA. [Anastassov, A.; Apollinari, G.; Appel, J. A.; Ashmanskas, W.; Badgett, W.; Beretvas, A.; Burkett, K.; Canelli, F.; Carron, S.; Chlachidze, G.; Chlebana, F.; Convery, M. E.; Corbo, M.; Culbertson, R.; Dagenhart, D.; d'Ascenzo, N.; Datta, M.; Di Ruzza, B.; Dong, P.; Ershaidat, N.; Flanagan, G.; Freeman, J. C.; Gerchtein, E.; Ginsburg, C. M.; Glenzinski, D.; Golossanov, A.; Group, R. C.; Hahn, S. R.; Hocker, A.; Hopkins, W.; James, E.; Jindariani, S.; Junk, T. R.; Kilminster, B.; Kirby, M.; Knoepfel, K.; Lammel, S.; Lewis, J. D.; Lindgren, M.; Litvintsev, D. O.; Liu, T.; Lukens, P.; Madrak, R.; Maeshima, K.; Mazzacane, A.; Miao, T.; Moed, S.; Moore, R.; Fernandez, P. Movilla; Mukherjee, A.; Murat, P.; Nachtman, J.; Papadimitriou, V.; Patrick, J.; Poprocki, S.; Ristori, L.; Roser, R.; Rusu, V.; Saveliev, V.; Savoy-Navarro, A.; Schlabach, P.; Schmidt, E. E.; Schwarz, T.; Snider, F. D.; Soha, A.; Stancari, M.; Stentz, D.; Sukhanov, A.; Thom, J.; Tonelli, D.; Torretta, D.; Velev, G.; Vellidis, C.; Wagner, R. L.; Wester, W. C., III; Wicklund, E.; Wilson, P.; Wittich, P.; Wolbers, S.; Yang, T.; Yeh, G. P.; Yi, K.; Yoh, J.; Yu, S. S.; Yun, J. C.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. [Carrillo, S.; Field, R.; Furic, I.; Goldschmidt, N.; Klimenko, S.; Konigsberg, J.; Vazquez, F.] Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Annovi, A.; Cordelli, M.; Giromini, P.; Happacher, F.; Kim, M. J.; Ptohos, F.; Torre, S.; Volpi, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy. [Clark, A.; Garcia, J. E.; Lister, A.; Wu, X.] Univ Geneva, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland. [Bussey, P.; Krutelyov, V.; Robson, A.; St Denis, R.] Univ Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Lanark, Scotland. [Catastini, P.; Franklin, M.; Da Costa, J. Guimaraes] Harvard Univ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Carls, B.; Cavaliere, V.; Errede, S.; Gerberich, H.; Matera, K.; Neubauer, M. S.; Norniella, O.; Pitts, K.; Rogers, E.; Thompson, G. A.] Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Barnett, B. A.; Behari, S.; Blumenfeld, B.; Giurgiu, G.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Feindt, M.; Heck, M.; Horn, D.; Kreps, M.; Kuhr, T.; Lueck, J.; Marino, C.; Morlock, J.; Muller, Th.; Schmidt, A.; Wick, F.] Karlsruhe Inst Technol, Inst Expt Kernphys, D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany. [Bae, T.; Cho, K.; Jeon, E. J.; Joo, K. K.; Kamon, T.; Kim, D. H.; Kim, H. S.; Kim, J. E.; Kim, S. B.; Kim, Y. J.; Kong, D. J.; Lee, J. S.; Moon, C. S.; Noh, S. Y.; Oh, Y. D.; Uozumi, S.; Yang, Y. C.; Yu, I.] Kyungpook Natl Univ, Ctr High Energy Phys, Taegu 702701, South Korea. [Bae, T.; Cho, K.; Jeon, E. J.; Joo, K. K.; Kamon, T.; Kim, D. H.; Kim, H. S.; Kim, J. E.; Kim, S. B.; Kim, Y. J.; Kong, D. J.; Lee, J. S.; Moon, C. S.; Noh, S. Y.; Oh, Y. D.; Uozumi, S.; Yang, Y. C.; Yu, I.] Seoul Natl Univ, Seoul 151742, South Korea. [Bae, T.; Cho, K.; Jeon, E. J.; Joo, K. K.; Kamon, T.; Kim, D. H.; Kim, H. S.; Kim, J. E.; Kim, S. B.; Kim, Y. J.; Kong, D. J.; Lee, J. S.; Moon, C. S.; Noh, S. Y.; Oh, Y. D.; Uozumi, S.; Yang, Y. C.; Yu, I.] Sungkyunkwan Univ, Suwon 440746, South Korea. [Bae, T.; Cho, K.; Jeon, E. J.; Joo, K. K.; Kamon, T.; Kim, D. H.; Kim, H. S.; Kim, J. E.; Kim, S. B.; Kim, Y. J.; Kong, D. J.; Lee, J. S.; Moon, C. S.; Noh, S. Y.; Oh, Y. D.; Uozumi, S.; Yang, Y. C.; Yu, I.] Korea Inst Sci & Technol Informat, Taejon 305806, South Korea. [Bae, T.; Cho, K.; Jeon, E. J.; Joo, K. K.; Kamon, T.; Kim, D. H.; Kim, H. S.; Kim, J. E.; Kim, S. B.; Kim, Y. J.; Kong, D. J.; Lee, J. S.; Moon, C. S.; Noh, S. Y.; Oh, Y. D.; Uozumi, S.; Yang, Y. C.; Yu, I.] Chonnam Natl Univ, Kwangju 500757, South Korea. [Bae, T.; Cho, K.; Jeon, E. J.; Joo, K. K.; Kamon, T.; Kim, D. H.; Kim, H. S.; Kim, J. E.; Kim, S. B.; Kim, Y. J.; Kong, D. J.; Lee, J. S.; Moon, C. S.; Noh, S. Y.; Oh, Y. D.; Uozumi, S.; Yang, Y. C.; Yu, I.] Chonbuk Natl Univ, Jeonju 561756, South Korea. [Barbaro-Galtieri, A.; Cerri, A.; Lin, C. -J.; Lujan, P.; Lys, J.; Nielsen, J.; Pranko, A.; Yao, W. -M.] Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [D'Onofrio, M.; Manca, G.; McNulty, R.; Mehta, A.; Shears, T.] Univ Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZE, Merseyside, England. [Bizjak, I.; Campanelli, M.; Cerrito, L.; Lancaster, M.; Riddick, T.; Waters, D.] UCL, London WC1E 6BT, England. [Calancha, C.; Fernandez, J. P.; Gonzalez, O.; Redondo, I.] Ctr Invest Energet Medioambientales & Tecnol, Madrid 28040, Spain. [Gomez-Ceballos, G.; Goncharov, M.; Paus, C.] MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Buzatu, A.; Hussain, N.; Sinervo, P.; Stelzer, B.; Stelzer-Chilton, O.; Warburton, A.] McGill Univ, Inst Particle Phys, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada. [Buzatu, A.; Hussain, N.; Sinervo, P.; Stelzer, B.; Stelzer-Chilton, O.; Warburton, A.] Simon Fraser Univ, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada. [Buzatu, A.; Hussain, N.; Sinervo, P.; Stelzer, B.; Stelzer-Chilton, O.; Warburton, A.] Univ Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A7, Canada. [Buzatu, A.; Hussain, N.; Sinervo, P.; Stelzer, B.; Stelzer-Chilton, O.; Warburton, A.] TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada. [Amidei, D.; Campbell, M.; Eppig, A.; Mietlicki, D.; Strycker, G. L.; Tecchio, M.; Varganov, A.; Wright, T.] Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Bromberg, C.; Hussein, M.; Huston, J.; Tollefson, K.] Michigan State Univ, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Shreyber-Tecker, I.] Inst Theoret & Expt Phys, Moscow 117259, Russia. [Gold, M.; Gorelov, I.; Seidel, S.; Strologas, J.; Vogel, M.] Univ New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [Hughes, R. E.; Lannon, K.; Pilot, J.; Wilson, J. S.; Winer, B. L.; Wolfe, H.] Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Nakano, I.] Okayama Univ, Okayama 7008530, Japan. [Hamaguchi, A.; Kato, Y.; Okusawa, T.; Seiya, Y.; Wakisaka, T.; Yamamoto, K.; Yamato, D.; Yoshida, T.] Osaka City Univ, Osaka 588, Japan. [Azfar, F.; Farrington, S.; Hays, C.; Oakes, L.; Renton, P.] Univ Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RH, England. [Amerio, S.; Bauce, M.; Bisello, D.; Busetto, G.; Compostella, G.; d'Errico, M.; Dorigo, T.; Lucchesi, D.; Griso, S. Pagan; Totaro, P.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Padova Trento, I-35131 Padua, Italy. [Bauce, M.; Bisello, D.; Busetto, G.; Compostella, G.; d'Errico, M.; Lucchesi, D.; Griso, S. Pagan] Univ Padua, I-35131 Padua, Italy. [Heinrich, J.; Keung, J.; Kroll, J.; Lipeles, E.; Pianori, E.; Rodriguez, T.; Thomson, E.; Wagner, P.; Whiteson, D.; Williams, H. H.] Univ Penn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Barria, P.; Bedeschi, F.; Bellettini, G.; Carosi, R.; Chiarelli, G.; Ciocci, M. A.; Crescioli, F.; Dell'Orso, M.; Di Canto, A.; Donati, S.; Garosi, P.; Giannetti, P.; Introzzi, G.; Lami, S.; Latino, G.; Leo, S.; Leone, S.; Maestro, P.; Morello, M. J.; Piacentino, G.; Punzi, G.; Ristori, L.; Ruffini, F.; Scribano, A.; Scuri, F.; Sforza, F.; Squillacioti, P.; Trovato, M.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. [Bellettini, G.; Crescioli, F.; Dell'Orso, M.; Di Canto, A.; Donati, S.; Leo, S.; Punzi, G.] Univ Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. [Barria, P.; Ciocci, M. A.; Garosi, P.; Latino, G.; Maestro, P.; Ruffini, F.; Scribano, A.; Sforza, F.; Squillacioti, P.] Univ Siena, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. [Morello, M. J.; Trovato, M.] Scuola Normale Super Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. [Boudreau, J.; Gibson, K.; Liu, C.; Rahaman, A.; Shepard, P. F.; Song, H.] Univ Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. [Barnes, V. E.; Bortoletto, D.; Garfinkel, A. F.; Jones, M.; Laasanen, A. T.; Liu, Q.; Potamianos, K.; Ranjan, N.; Vidal, M.] Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Bodek, A.; Budd, H. S.; Chung, Y. S.; De Barbaro, P.; Han, J. Y.; McFarland, K. S.; Sakumoto, W. K.] Univ Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. [Bhatti, A.; Demortier, L.; Gallinaro, M.; Goulianos, K.; Lungu, G.; Malik, S.; Mesropian, C.] Rockefeller Univ, New York, NY 10065 USA. [Giagu, S.; Iori, M.; Margaroli, F.; Mastrandrea, P.; Rescigno, M.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma 1, I-00185 Rome, Italy. [Iori, M.] Univ Roma La Sapienza, I-00185 Rome, Italy. [Halkiadakis, E.; Hare, D.; Lath, A.] Rutgers State Univ, Piscataway, NJ 08855 USA. [Asaadi, J.; Aurisano, A.; Elagin, A.; Eusebi, R.; Goldin, D.; Kamon, T.; Khotilovich, V.; Lee, E.; Lee, S. W.; McIntyre, P.; Nett, J.; Safonov, A.; Toback, D.] Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Casarsa, M.; Cauz, D.; Dorigo, M.; Pagliarone, C.; Pauletta, G.; Penzo, A.; Santi, L.; Zanetti, A.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl Trieste Udine, I-34100 Trieste, Italy. [Pauletta, G.; Santi, L.] Univ Udine, I-33100 Udine, Italy. [Hara, K.; Kim, S. H.; Kurata, M.; Miyake, H.; Mondragon, M. N.; Nagai, Y.; Sato, K.; Shimojima, M.; Sudo, Y.; Takemasa, K.; Takeuchi, Y.; Tomura, T.; Ukegawa, F.] Univ Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan. [Hare, M.; Napier, A.; Rolli, S.; Sliwa, K.] Tufts Univ, Medford, MA 02155 USA. [Group, R. C.; Liu, H.; Neu, C.; Oksuzian, I.] Univ Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22906 USA. [Arisawa, T.; Ebina, K.; Funakoshi, Y.; Kimura, N.; Kondo, K.; Naganoma, J.; Sakurai, Y.; Yorita, K.] Waseda Univ, Tokyo 169, Japan. [Clarke, C.; Harr, R. F.; Karchin, P. E.; Mattson, M. E.] Wayne State Univ, Detroit, MI 48201 USA. [Bellinger, J.; Carlsmith, D.; Chung, W. H.; Herndon, M.; Pondrom, L.; Ramakrishnan, V.] Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Auerbach, B.; Husemann, U.; Lockwitz, S.; Loginov, A.] Yale Univ, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. RP Aaltonen, T (reprint author), Univ Helsinki, Dept Phys, Div High Energy Phys, FIN-00014 Helsinki, Finland. RI Grinstein, Sebastian/N-3988-2014; Paulini, Manfred/N-7794-2014; Russ, James/P-3092-2014; Garcia, Jose /H-6339-2015; ciocci, maria agnese /I-2153-2015; Cavalli-Sforza, Matteo/H-7102-2015; Introzzi, Gianluca/K-2497-2015; Piacentino, Giovanni/K-3269-2015; song, hao/I-2782-2012; Gorelov, Igor/J-9010-2015; Prokoshin, Fedor/E-2795-2012; Zeng, Yu/C-1438-2013; manca, giulia/I-9264-2012; Annovi, Alberto/G-6028-2012; Ivanov, Andrew/A-7982-2013; Warburton, Andreas/N-8028-2013; Kim, Soo-Bong/B-7061-2014; Punzi, Giovanni/J-4947-2012; Robson, Aidan/G-1087-2011; maestro, paolo/E-3280-2010; Chiarelli, Giorgio/E-8953-2012; Lysak, Roman/H-2995-2014; Moon, Chang-Seong/J-3619-2014; Scodellaro, Luca/K-9091-2014 OI Grinstein, Sebastian/0000-0002-6460-8694; Paulini, Manfred/0000-0002-6714-5787; Russ, James/0000-0001-9856-9155; ciocci, maria agnese /0000-0003-0002-5462; Introzzi, Gianluca/0000-0002-1314-2580; Piacentino, Giovanni/0000-0001-9884-2924; song, hao/0000-0002-3134-782X; Gorelov, Igor/0000-0001-5570-0133; Prokoshin, Fedor/0000-0001-6389-5399; Annovi, Alberto/0000-0002-4649-4398; Ivanov, Andrew/0000-0002-9270-5643; Warburton, Andreas/0000-0002-2298-7315; Punzi, Giovanni/0000-0002-8346-9052; maestro, paolo/0000-0002-4193-1288; Chiarelli, Giorgio/0000-0001-9851-4816; Moon, Chang-Seong/0000-0001-8229-7829; Scodellaro, Luca/0000-0002-4974-8330 FU U.S. Department of Energy; Italian Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare; Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; National Science Council of the Republic of China; Swiss National Science Foundation; A.P. Sloan Foundation; Bundesministerium fur Bildung und Forschung, Germany; Korean World Class University Program; National Research Foundation of Korea; Science and Technology Facilities Council; Royal Society, UK; National Science Foundation; Russian Foundation for Basic Research; Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion; Programa Consolider-Ingenio, Spain; Slovak RD Agency; Academy of Finland; Australian Research Council (ARC) FX We thank the Fermilab staff and the technical staffs of the participating institutions for their vital contributions. This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy and National Science Foundation; the Italian Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare; the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan; the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; the National Science Council of the Republic of China; the Swiss National Science Foundation; the A.P. Sloan Foundation; the Bundesministerium fur Bildung und Forschung, Germany; the Korean World Class University Program; the National Research Foundation of Korea; the Science and Technology Facilities Council and the Royal Society, UK; the Russian Foundation for Basic Research; the Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion, and Programa Consolider-Ingenio 2010, Spain; the Slovak R&D Agency; the Academy of Finland; and the Australian Research Council (ARC). NR 16 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 34 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1550-7998 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD JAN 2 PY 2013 VL 87 IS 1 AR 011101 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.87.011101 PG 9 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 063LR UT WOS:000313001000001 ER PT J AU Park, S Dodelson, S AF Park, Sohyun Dodelson, Scott TI Structure formation in a nonlocally modified gravity model SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID EQUATION-OF-STATE; COSMOLOGICAL CONSTANT; DARK ENERGY; LAMBDA; SUPERNOVAE; INFLATION; FIELD; BACK AB We study a nonlocally modified gravity model proposed by Deser and Woodard [Phys. Rev. Lett. 99, 111301 (2007)] which gives an explanation for current cosmic acceleration. By deriving and solving the equations governing the evolution of the structure in the Universe, we show that this model predicts a pattern of growth that differs from standard general relativity (+ dark energy) at the 10%-30% level. These differences will be easily probed by the next generation of galaxy surveys, so the model should be tested shortly. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevD.87.024003 C1 [Park, Sohyun] Univ Florida, Dept Phys, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Park, Sohyun; Dodelson, Scott] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Ctr Particle Astrophys, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. [Dodelson, Scott] Univ Chicago, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Dodelson, Scott] Univ Chicago, Kavli Inst Cosmol Phys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. RP Park, S (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Phys, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. FU U. S. Department of Energy [DEFG02-95ER40896]; National Science Foundation [AST-090872]; Fermilab Fellowship in Theoretical Physics FX We are grateful for very helpful discussions with Matthew Dodelson, Mark Trodden, and Richard Woodard. The computation of the integrals was carried out with the aid of Mathematica. This work was supported by the U. S. Department of Energy, including Grant No. DEFG02-95ER40896, and by the National Science Foundation under Grant No. AST-090872. S P was supported by a Fermilab Fellowship in Theoretical Physics. NR 38 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1550-7998 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD JAN 2 PY 2013 VL 87 IS 2 AR 024003 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.87.024003 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 063LX UT WOS:000313001600007 ER PT J AU Abelev, B Adam, J Adamova, D Adare, AM Aggarwal, MM Rinella, GA Agocs, AG Agostinelli, A Salazar, SA Ahammed, Z Ahmad, N Masoodi, AA Ahn, SA Ahn, SU Akindinov, A Aleksandrov, D Alessandro, B Molina, RA Alici, A Alkin, A Avina, EA Alme, J Alt, T Altini, V Altinpinar, S Altsybeev, I Andrei, C Andronic, A Anguelov, V Anielski, J Anson, C Anticic, T Antinori, F Antonioli, P Aphecetche, L Appelshauser, H Arbor, N Arcelli, S Arend, A Armesto, N Arnaldi, R Aronsson, T Arsene, IC Arslandok, M Asryan, A Augustinus, A Averbeck, R Awes, TC Aysto, J Azmi, MD Bach, M Badala, A Baek, YW Bailhache, R Bala, R Ferroli, RB Baldisseri, A Baldit, A Pedrosa, FBD Ban, J Baral, RC Barbera, R Barile, F Barnafoldi, GG Barnby, LS Barret, V Bartke, J Basile, M Bastid, N Basu, S Bathen, B Batigne, G Batyunya, B Baumann, C Bearden, IG Beck, H Belikov, I Bellini, F Bellwied, R Belmont-Moreno, E Bencedi, G Beole, S Berceanu, I Bercuci, A Berdnikov, Y Berenyi, D Bergognon, AAE Berzano, D Betev, L Bhasin, A Bhati, AK Bhom, J Bianchi, L Bianchi, N Bianchin, C Bielcik, J Bielcikova, J Bilandzic, A Bjelogrlic, S Blanco, F Blanco, F Blau, D Blume, C Boccioli, M Bock, N Bottger, S Bogdanov, A Boggild, H Bogolyubsky, M Boldizsar, L Bombara, M Book, J Borel, H Borissov, A Bose, S Bossu, F Botje, M Boyer, B Braidot, E Braun-Munzinger, P Bregant, M Breitner, T Browning, TA Broz, M Brun, R Bruna, E Bruno, GE Budnikov, D Buesching, H Bufalino, S Bugaiev, K Busch, O Buthelezi, Z Orduna, DC Caffarri, D Cai, X Caines, H Villar, EC Camerini, P Roman, VC Romeo, GC Carena, W Carena, F Filho, NC Carminati, F Diaz, AC Castellanos, JC Hernandez, JFC Casula, EAR Catanescu, V Cavicchioli, C Sanchez, CC Cepila, J Cerello, P Chang, B Chapeland, S Charvet, JL Chattopadhyay, S Chattopadhyay, S Chawla, I Cherney, M Cheshkov, C Cheynis, B Barroso, VC Chinellato, DD Chochula, P Chojnacki, M Choudhury, S Christakoglou, P Christensen, CH Christiansen, P Chujo, T Chung, SU Cicalo, C Cifarelli, L Cindolo, F Cleymans, J Coccetti, F Colamaria, F Colella, D Balbastre, GC del Valle, ZC Constantin, P Contin, G Contreras, JG Cormier, TM Morales, YC Cortese, P Maldonado, IC Cosentino, MR Costa, F Cotallo, ME Crescio, E Crochet, P Alaniz, EC Cuautle, E Cunqueiro, L Dainese, A Dalsgaard, HH Danu, A Das, D Das, K Das, I Dash, S Dash, A De, S de Barros, GOV De Caro, A de Cataldo, G de Cuveland, J De Falco, A De Gruttola, D Delagrange, H Deloff, A Demanov, V De Marco, N Denes, E De Pasquale, S Deppman, A Erasmo, GD De Rooij, R Corchero, MAD Di Bari, D Dietel, T Di Giglio, C Di Liberto, S Di Mauro, A Di Nezza, P Divia, R Djuvsland, O Dobrin, A Dobrowolski, T Dominguez, I Donigus, B Dordic, O Driga, O Dubey, AK Dubla, A Ducroux, L Dupieux, P Majumdar, MRD Majumdar, AKD Elia, D Emschermann, D Engel, H Erazmus, B Erdal, HA Espagnon, B Estienne, M Esumi, S Evans, D Eyyubova, G Fabris, D Faivre, J Falchieri, D Fantoni, A Fasel, M Fearick, R Fedunov, A Fehlker, D Feldkamp, L Felea, D Fenton-Olsen, B Feofilov, G Tellez, AF Ferretti, A Ferretti, R Festanti, A Figiel, J Figueredo, MAS Filchagin, S Finogeev, D Fionda, FM Fiore, EM Floris, M Foertsch, S Foka, P Fokin, S Fragiacomo, E Francescon, A Frankenfeld, U Fuchs, U Furget, C Girard, MF Gaardhoje, JJ Gagliardi, M Gago, A Gallio, M Gangadharan, DR Ganoti, P Garabatos, C Garcia-Solis, E Garishvili, I Gerhard, J Germain, M Geuna, C Gheata, A Gheata, M Ghidini, B Ghosh, P Gianotti, P Girard, MR Giubellino, P Gladysz-Dziadus, E Glassel, P Gomez, R Ferreiro, EG Gonzalez-Trueba, LH Gonzalez-Zamora, P Gorbunov, S Goswami, A Gotovac, S Grabski, V Graczykowski, LK Grajcarek, R Grelli, A Grigoras, A Grigoras, C Grigoriev, V Grigoryan, A Grigoryan, S Grinyov, B Grion, N Gros, P Grosse-Oetringhaus, JF Grossiord, JY Grosso, R Guber, F Guernane, R Gutierrez, CG Guerzoni, B Guilbaud, M Gulbrandsen, K Gunji, T Gupta, A Gupta, R Gutbrod, H Haaland, O Hadjidakis, C Haiduc, M Hamagaki, H Hamar, G Han, BH Hanratty, LD Hansen, A Harmanova, Z Harris, JW Hartig, M Hasegan, D Hatzifotiadou, D Hayrapetyan, A Heckel, ST Heide, M Helstrup, H Herghelegiu, A Corral, GH Herrmann, N Hess, BA Hetland, KF Hicks, B Hille, PT Hippolyte, B Horaguchi, T Hori, Y Hristov, P Hrivnacova, I Huang, M Humanic, TJ Hwang, DS Ichou, R Ilkaev, R Ilkiv, I Inaba, M Incani, E Innocenti, GM Innocenti, PG Ippolitov, M Irfan, M Ivan, C Ivanov, M Ivanov, A Ivanov, V Ivanytskyi, O Jacobs, PM Jang, HJ Janik, R Janik, MA Jayarathna, PHSY Jena, S Jha, DM Bustamante, RTJ Jirden, L Jones, PG Jung, H Jusko, A Kaidalov, AB Kakoyan, V Kalcher, S Kalinak, P Kalliokoski, T Kalweit, A Kang, JH Kaplin, V Uysal, AK Karavichev, O Karavicheva, T Karpechev, E Kazantsev, A Kebschull, U Keidel, R Khan, MM Khan, P Khan, SA Khanzadeev, A Kharlov, Y Kileng, B Kim, JS Kim, DJ Kim, DW Kim, JH Kim, T Kim, M Kim, M Kim, SH Kim, B Kim, S Kirsch, S Kisel, I Kiselev, S Kisiel, A Klay, JL Klein, J Klein-Bosing, C Kliemant, M Kluge, A Knichel, ML Knospe, AG Koch, K Kohler, MK Kollegger, T Kolojvari, A Kondratiev, V Kondratyeva, N Konevskikh, A Korneev, A Kour, R Kowalski, M Kox, S Meethaleveedu, GK Kral, J Kralik, I Kramer, F Kraus, I Krawutschke, T Krelina, M Kretz, M Krivda, M Krizek, F Krus, M Kryshen, E Krzewicki, M Kucheriaev, Y Kugathasan, T Kuhn, C Kuijer, PG Kulakov, I Kumar, J Kurashvili, P Kurepin, A Kurepin, AB Kuryakin, A Kushpil, S Kushpil, V Kvaerno, H Kweon, MJ Kwon, Y de Guevara, PL Lakomov, I Langoy, R La Pointe, SL Lara, C Lardeux, A La Rocca, P Lazzeroni, C Lea, R Le Bornec, Y Lechman, M Lee, SC Lee, KS Lee, GR Lefevre, F Lehnert, J Leistam, L Lenti, V Leon, H Leoncino, M Monzon, IL Vargas, HL Levai, P Lien, J Lietava, R Lindal, S Lindenstruth, V Lippmann, C Lisa, MA Liu, L Loggins, VR Loginov, V Lohn, S Lohner, D Loizides, C Loo, KK Lopez, X Torres, EL Lovhoiden, G Lu, XG Luettig, P Lunardon, M Luo, J Luparello, G Luquin, L Luzzi, C Ma, R Ma, K Madagodahettige-Don, DM Maevskaya, A Mager, M Mahapatra, DP Maire, A Malaev, M Cervantes, IM Malinina, L Mal'Kevich, D Malzacher, P Mamonov, A Manceau, L Mangotra, L Manko, V Manso, F Manzari, V Mao, Y Marchisone, M Mares, J Margagliotti, GV Margotti, A Marin, A Tobon, CAM Markert, C Martashvili, I Martinengo, P Martinez, MI Davalos, AM Garcia, GM Martynov, Y Mas, A Masciocchi, S Masera, M Masoni, A Massacrier, L Mastroserio, A Matthews, ZL Matyja, A Mayer, C Mazer, J Mazzoni, MA Meddi, F Menchaca-Rocha, A Perez, JM Meres, M Miake, Y Milano, L Milosevic, J Mischke, A Mishra, AN Miskowiec, D Mitu, C Mlynarz, J Mohanty, B Molnar, L Zetina, LM Monteno, M Montes, E Moon, T Morando, M De Godoy, DAM Moretto, S Morsch, A Muccifora, V Mudnic, E Muhuri, S Mukherjee, M Muller, H Munhoz, MG Musa, L Musso, A Nandi, BK Nania, R Nappi, E Nattrass, C Naumov, NP Navin, S Nayak, TK Nazarenko, S Nazarov, G Nedosekin, A Nicassio, M Niculescu, M Nielsen, BS Niida, T Nikolaev, S Nikolic, V Nikulin, S Nikulin, V Nilsen, BS Nilsson, MS Noferini, F Nomokonov, P Nooren, G Novitzky, N Nyanin, A Nyatha, A Nygaard, C Nystrand, J Ochirov, A Oeschler, H Oh, S Oh, SK Oleniacz, J Oppedisano, C Velasquez, AO Ortona, G Oskarsson, A Ostrowski, P Otwinowski, J Oyama, K Ozawa, K Pachmayer, Y Pachr, M Padilla, F Pagano, P Paic, G Painke, F Pajares, C Pal, SK Palaha, A Palmeri, A Papikyan, V Pappalardo, GS Park, WJ Passfeld, A Pastircak, B Patalakha, DI Paticchio, V Pavlinov, A Pawlak, T Peitzmann, T Da Costa, HP De Oliveira, EP Peresunko, D Lara, CEP Lezama, EP Perini, D Perrino, D Peryt, W Pesci, A Peskov, V Pestov, Y Petracek, V Petran, M Petris, M Petrov, P Petrovici, M Petta, C Piano, S Piccotti, A Pikna, M Pillot, P Pinazza, O Pinsky, L Pitz, N Piyarathna, DB Ploskon, M Pluta, J Pocheptsov, T Pochybova, S Podesta-Lerma, PLM Poghosyan, MG Polak, K Polichtchouk, B Pop, A Porteboeuf-Houssais, S Pospisil, V Potukuchi, B Prasad, SK Preghenella, R Prino, F Pruneau, CA Pshenichnov, I Puchagin, S Puddu, G Pulvirenti, A Punin, V Putis, M Putschke, J Quercigh, E Qvigstad, H Rachevski, A Rademakers, A Raiha, TS Rak, J Rakotozafindrabe, A Ramello, L Reyes, AR Raniwala, R Raniwala, S Rasanen, SS Rascanu, BT Rathee, D Read, KF Real, JS Redlich, K Reichelt, P Reicher, M Renfordt, R Reolon, AR Reshetin, A Rettig, F Revol, JP Reygers, K Riccati, L Ricci, RA Richert, T Richter, M Riedler, P Riegler, W Riggi, F Rabacal, BRF Cahuantzi, MR Manso, AR Roed, K Rohr, D Rohrich, D Romita, R Ronchetti, F Rosnet, P Rossegger, S Rossi, A Roy, P Roy, C Montero, AJR Rui, R Russo, R Ryabinkin, E Rybicki, A Sadovsky, S Safarik, K Sahoo, R Sahu, PK Saini, J Sakaguchi, H Sakai, S Sakata, D Salgado, CA Salzwedel, J Sambyal, S Samsonov, V Castro, XS Sandor, L Sandoval, A Sano, M Sano, S Santo, R Santoro, R Sarkamo, J Scapparone, E Scarlassara, F Scharenberg, RP Schiaua, C Schicker, R Schmidt, C Schmidt, HR Schreiner, S Schuchmann, S Schukraft, J Schutz, Y Schwarz, K Schweda, K Scioli, G Scomparin, E Scott, PA Scott, R Segato, G Selyuzhenkov, I Senyukov, S Seo, J Serci, S Serradilla, E Sevcenco, A Shabetai, A Shabratova, G Shahoyan, R Sharma, S Sharma, N Rohni, S Shigaki, K Shimomura, M Shtejer, K Sibiriak, Y Siciliano, M Sicking, E Siddhanta, S Siemiarczuk, T Silvermyr, D Silvestre, C Simatovic, G Simonetti, G Singaraju, R Singh, R Singha, S Singhal, V Sinha, T Sinha, BC Sitar, B Sitta, M Skaali, TB Skjerdal, K Smakal, R Smirnov, N Snellings, RJM Sogaard, C Soltz, R Son, H Song, J Song, M Soos, C Soramel, F Sputowska, I Spyropoulou-Stassinaki, M Srivastava, BK Stachel, J Stan, I Stan, I Stefanek, G Steinpreis, M Stenlund, E Steyn, G Stiller, JH Stocco, D Stolpovskiy, M Strabykin, K Strmen, P Suaide, AAP Vasquez, MAS Sugitate, T Suire, C Sukhorukov, M Sultanov, R Sumbera, M Susa, T de Toledo, AS Szarka, I Szczepankiewicz, A Szostak, A Szymanski, M Takahashi, J Takaki, JDT Tauro, A Munoz, GT Telesca, A Terrevoli, C Thader, J Thomas, D Thomas, JH Tieulent, R Timmins, AR Tlusty, D Toia, A Torii, H Toscano, L Truesdale, D Trzaska, WH Tsuji, T Tumkin, A Turrisi, R Tveter, TS Ulery, J Ullaland, K Ulrich, J Uras, A Urban, J Urciuoli, GM Usai, GL Vajzer, M Vala, M Palomo, LV Vallero, S van der Kolk, N Vande Vyvre, P van Leeuwen, M Vannucci, L Vargas, A Varma, R Vasileiou, M Vasiliev, A Vechernin, V Veldhoen, M Venaruzzo, M Vercellin, E Vergara, S Vernet, R Verweij, M Vickovic, L Viesti, G Vikhlyantsev, O Vilakazi, Z Baillie, OV Vinogradov, A Vinogradov, Y Vinogradov, L Virgili, T Viyogi, YP Vodopyanov, A Voloshin, K Voloshin, S Volpe, G Von Haller, B Vranic, D Ovrebekk, G Vrlakova, J Vulpescu, B Vyushin, A Wagner, V Wagner, B Wan, R Wang, Y Wang, D Wang, Y Wang, M Watanabe, K Weber, M Wessels, JP Westerhoff, U Wiechula, J Wikne, J Wilde, M Wilk, G Wilk, A Williams, MCS Windelband, B Karampatsos, LX Yaldo, CG Yamaguchi, Y Yang, H Yang, S Yasnopolskiy, S Yi, J Yin, Z Yoo, IK Yoon, J Yu, W Yuan, X Yushmanov, I Zach, C Zampolli, C Zaporozhets, S Zarochentsev, A Zavada, P Zaviyalov, N Zbroszczyk, H Zelnicek, P Zgura, IS Zhalov, M Zhang, H Zhang, X Zhou, Y Zhou, D Zhou, F Zhu, J Zhu, J Zhu, X Zichichi, A Zimmermann, A Zinovjev, G Zoccarato, Y Zynovyev, M Zyzak, M AF Abelev, B. Adam, J. Adamova, D. Adare, A. M. Aggarwal, M. M. Rinella, G. Aglieri Agocs, A. G. Agostinelli, A. Salazar, S. Aguilar Ahammed, Z. Ahmad, N. Masoodi, A. Ahmad Ahn, S. A. Ahn, S. U. Akindinov, A. Aleksandrov, D. Alessandro, B. Molina, R. Alfaro Alici, A. Alkin, A. Almaraz Avina, E. Alme, J. Alt, T. Altini, V. Altinpinar, S. Altsybeev, I. Andrei, C. Andronic, A. Anguelov, V. Anielski, J. Anson, C. Anticic, T. Antinori, F. Antonioli, P. Aphecetche, L. Appelshaeuser, H. Arbor, N. Arcelli, S. Arend, A. Armesto, N. Arnaldi, R. Aronsson, T. Arsene, I. C. Arslandok, M. Asryan, A. Augustinus, A. Averbeck, R. Awes, T. C. Aysto, J. Azmi, M. D. Bach, M. Badala, A. Baek, Y. W. Bailhache, R. Bala, R. Ferroli, R. Baldini Baldisseri, A. Baldit, A. Pedrosa, F. Baltasar Dos Santos Ban, J. Baral, R. C. Barbera, R. Barile, F. Barnafoeldi, G. G. Barnby, L. S. Barret, V. Bartke, J. Basile, M. Bastid, N. Basu, S. Bathen, B. Batigne, G. Batyunya, B. Baumann, C. Bearden, I. G. Beck, H. Belikov, I. Bellini, F. Bellwied, R. Belmont-Moreno, E. Bencedi, G. Beole, S. Berceanu, I. Bercuci, A. Berdnikov, Y. Berenyi, D. Bergognon, A. A. E. Berzano, D. Betev, L. Bhasin, A. Bhati, A. K. Bhom, J. Bianchi, L. Bianchi, N. Bianchin, C. Bielcik, J. Bielcikova, J. Bilandzic, A. Bjelogrlic, S. Blanco, F. Blanco, F. Blau, D. Blume, C. Boccioli, M. Bock, N. Boettger, S. Bogdanov, A. Boggild, H. Bogolyubsky, M. Boldizsar, L. Bombara, M. Book, J. Borel, H. Borissov, A. Bose, S. Bossu, F. Botje, M. Boyer, B. Braidot, E. Braun-Munzinger, P. Bregant, M. Breitner, T. Browning, T. A. Broz, M. Brun, R. Bruna, E. Bruno, G. E. Budnikov, D. Buesching, H. Bufalino, S. Bugaiev, K. Busch, O. Buthelezi, Z. Orduna, D. Caballero Caffarri, D. Cai, X. Caines, H. Villar, E. Calvo Camerini, P. Roman, V. Canoa Romeo, G. Cara Carena, W. Carena, F. Filho, N. Carlin Carminati, F. Diaz, A. Casanova Castellanos, J. Castillo Hernandez, J. F. Castillo Casula, E. A. R. Catanescu, V. Cavicchioli, C. Sanchez, C. Ceballos Cepila, J. Cerello, P. Chang, B. Chapeland, S. Charvet, J. L. Chattopadhyay, S. Chattopadhyay, S. Chawla, I. Cherney, M. Cheshkov, C. Cheynis, B. Barroso, V. Chibante Chinellato, D. D. Chochula, P. Chojnacki, M. Choudhury, S. Christakoglou, P. Christensen, C. H. Christiansen, P. Chujo, T. Chung, S. U. Cicalo, C. Cifarelli, L. Cindolo, F. Cleymans, J. Coccetti, F. Colamaria, F. Colella, D. Balbastre, G. Conesa Del Valle, Z. Conesa Constantin, P. Contin, G. Contreras, J. G. Cormier, T. M. Morales, Y. Corrales Cortese, P. Maldonado, I. Cortes Cosentino, M. R. Costa, F. Cotallo, M. E. Crescio, E. Crochet, P. Alaniz, E. Cruz Cuautle, E. Cunqueiro, L. Dainese, A. Dalsgaard, H. H. Danu, A. Das, D. Das, K. Das, I. Dash, S. Dash, A. De, S. de Barros, G. O. V. De Caro, A. de Cataldo, G. de Cuveland, J. De Falco, A. De Gruttola, D. Delagrange, H. Deloff, A. Demanov, V. De Marco, N. Denes, E. De Pasquale, S. Deppman, A. Erasmo, G. D. De Rooij, R. Corchero, M. A. Diaz Di Bari, D. Dietel, T. Di Giglio, C. Di Liberto, S. Di Mauro, A. Di Nezza, P. Divia, R. Djuvsland, O. Dobrin, A. Dobrowolski, T. Dominguez, I. Doenigus, B. Dordic, O. Driga, O. Dubey, A. K. Dubla, A. Ducroux, L. Dupieux, P. Majumdar, M. R. Dutta Majumdar, A. K. Dutta Elia, D. Emschermann, D. Engel, H. Erazmus, B. Erdal, H. A. Espagnon, B. Estienne, M. Esumi, S. Evans, D. Eyyubova, G. Fabris, D. Faivre, J. Falchieri, D. Fantoni, A. Fasel, M. Fearick, R. Fedunov, A. Fehlker, D. Feldkamp, L. Felea, D. Fenton-Olsen, B. Feofilov, G. Tellez, A. Fernandez Ferretti, A. Ferretti, R. Festanti, A. Figiel, J. Figueredo, M. A. S. Filchagin, S. Finogeev, D. Fionda, F. M. Fiore, E. M. Floris, M. Foertsch, S. Foka, P. Fokin, S. Fragiacomo, E. Francescon, A. Frankenfeld, U. Fuchs, U. Furget, C. Girard, M. Fusco Gaardhoje, J. J. Gagliardi, M. Gago, A. Gallio, M. Gangadharan, D. R. Ganoti, P. Garabatos, C. Garcia-Solis, E. Garishvili, I. Gerhard, J. Germain, M. Geuna, C. Gheata, A. Gheata, M. Ghidini, B. Ghosh, P. Gianotti, P. Girard, M. R. Giubellino, P. Gladysz-Dziadus, E. Glaessel, P. Gomez, R. Ferreiro, E. G. Gonzalez-Trueba, L. H. Gonzalez-Zamora, P. Gorbunov, S. Goswami, A. Gotovac, S. Grabski, V. Graczykowski, L. K. Grajcarek, R. Grelli, A. Grigoras, A. Grigoras, C. Grigoriev, V. Grigoryan, A. Grigoryan, S. Grinyov, B. Grion, N. Gros, P. Grosse-Oetringhaus, J. F. Grossiord, J. -Y. Grosso, R. Guber, F. Guernane, R. Gutierrez, C. Guerra Guerzoni, B. Guilbaud, M. Gulbrandsen, K. Gunji, T. Gupta, A. Gupta, R. Gutbrod, H. Haaland, O. Hadjidakis, C. Haiduc, M. Hamagaki, H. Hamar, G. Han, B. H. Hanratty, L. D. Hansen, A. Harmanova, Z. Harris, J. W. Hartig, M. Hasegan, D. Hatzifotiadou, D. Hayrapetyan, A. Heckel, S. T. Heide, M. Helstrup, H. Herghelegiu, A. Corral, G. Herrera Herrmann, N. Hess, B. A. Hetland, K. F. Hicks, B. Hille, P. T. Hippolyte, B. Horaguchi, T. Hori, Y. Hristov, P. Hrivnacova, I. Huang, M. Humanic, T. J. Hwang, D. S. Ichou, R. Ilkaev, R. Ilkiv, I. Inaba, M. Incani, E. Innocenti, G. M. Innocenti, P. G. Ippolitov, M. Irfan, M. Ivan, C. Ivanov, M. Ivanov, A. Ivanov, V. Ivanytskyi, O. Jacobs, P. M. Jang, H. J. Janik, R. Janik, M. A. Jayarathna, P. H. S. Y. Jena, S. Jha, D. M. Bustamante, R. T. Jimenez Jirden, L. Jones, P. G. Jung, H. Jusko, A. Kaidalov, A. B. Kakoyan, V. Kalcher, S. Kalinak, P. Kalliokoski, T. Kalweit, A. Kang, J. H. Kaplin, V. Uysal, A. Karasu Karavichev, O. Karavicheva, T. Karpechev, E. Kazantsev, A. Kebschull, U. Keidel, R. Khan, M. M. Khan, P. Khan, S. A. Khanzadeev, A. Kharlov, Y. Kileng, B. Kim, J. S. Kim, D. J. Kim, D. W. Kim, J. H. Kim, T. Kim, M. Kim, M. Kim, S. H. Kim, B. Kim, S. Kirsch, S. Kisel, I. Kiselev, S. Kisiel, A. Klay, J. L. Klein, J. Klein-Boesing, C. Kliemant, M. Kluge, A. Knichel, M. L. Knospe, A. G. Koch, K. Koehler, M. K. Kollegger, T. Kolojvari, A. Kondratiev, V. Kondratyeva, N. Konevskikh, A. Korneev, A. Kour, R. Kowalski, M. Kox, S. Meethaleveedu, G. Koyithatta Kral, J. Kralik, I. Kramer, F. Kraus, I. Krawutschke, T. Krelina, M. Kretz, M. Krivda, M. Krizek, F. Krus, M. Kryshen, E. Krzewicki, M. Kucheriaev, Y. Kugathasan, T. Kuhn, C. Kuijer, P. G. Kulakov, I. Kumar, J. Kurashvili, P. Kurepin, A. Kurepin, A. B. Kuryakin, A. Kushpil, S. Kushpil, V. Kvaerno, H. Kweon, M. J. Kwon, Y. Ladron de Guevara, P. Lakomov, I. Langoy, R. La Pointe, S. L. Lara, C. Lardeux, A. La Rocca, P. Lazzeroni, C. Lea, R. Le Bornec, Y. Lechman, M. Lee, S. C. Lee, K. S. Lee, G. R. Lefevre, F. Lehnert, J. Leistam, L. Lenti, V. Leon, H. Leoncino, M. Leon Monzon, I. Vargas, H. Leon Levai, P. Lien, J. Lietava, R. Lindal, S. Lindenstruth, V. Lippmann, C. Lisa, M. A. Liu, L. Loggins, V. R. Loginov, V. Lohn, S. Lohner, D. Loizides, C. Loo, K. K. Lopez, X. Torres, E. Lopez Lovhoiden, G. Lu, X. -G. Luettig, P. Lunardon, M. Luo, J. Luparello, G. Luquin, L. Luzzi, C. Ma, R. Ma, K. Madagodahettige-Don, D. M. Maevskaya, A. Mager, M. Mahapatra, D. P. Maire, A. Malaev, M. Cervantes, I. Maldonado Malinina, L. Mal'Kevich, D. Malzacher, P. Mamonov, A. Manceau, L. Mangotra, L. Manko, V. Manso, F. Manzari, V. Mao, Y. Marchisone, M. Mares, J. Margagliotti, G. V. Margotti, A. Marin, A. Tobon, C. A. Marin Markert, C. Martashvili, I. Martinengo, P. Martinez, M. I. Martinez Davalos, A. Garcia, G. Martinez Martynov, Y. Mas, A. Masciocchi, S. Masera, M. Masoni, A. Massacrier, L. Mastroserio, A. Matthews, Z. L. Matyja, A. Mayer, C. Mazer, J. Mazzoni, M. A. Meddi, F. Menchaca-Rocha, A. Perez, J. Mercado Meres, M. Miake, Y. Milano, L. Milosevic, J. Mischke, A. Mishra, A. N. Miskowiec, D. Mitu, C. Mlynarz, J. Mohanty, B. Molnar, L. Zetina, L. Montano Monteno, M. Montes, E. Moon, T. Morando, M. De Godoy, D. A. Moreira Moretto, S. Morsch, A. Muccifora, V. Mudnic, E. Muhuri, S. Mukherjee, M. Mueller, H. Munhoz, M. G. Musa, L. Musso, A. Nandi, B. K. Nania, R. Nappi, E. Nattrass, C. Naumov, N. P. Navin, S. Nayak, T. K. Nazarenko, S. Nazarov, G. Nedosekin, A. Nicassio, M. Niculescu, M. Nielsen, B. S. Niida, T. Nikolaev, S. Nikolic, V. Nikulin, S. Nikulin, V. Nilsen, B. S. Nilsson, M. S. Noferini, F. Nomokonov, P. Nooren, G. Novitzky, N. Nyanin, A. Nyatha, A. Nygaard, C. Nystrand, J. Ochirov, A. Oeschler, H. Oh, S. Oh, S. K. Oleniacz, J. Oppedisano, C. Velasquez, A. Ortiz Ortona, G. Oskarsson, A. Ostrowski, P. Otwinowski, J. Oyama, K. Ozawa, K. Pachmayer, Y. Pachr, M. Padilla, F. Pagano, P. Paic, G. Painke, F. Pajares, C. Pal, S. K. Palaha, A. Palmeri, A. Papikyan, V. Pappalardo, G. S. Park, W. J. Passfeld, A. Pastircak, B. Patalakha, D. I. Paticchio, V. Pavlinov, A. Pawlak, T. Peitzmann, T. Da Costa, H. Pereira Filho, E. Pereira De Oliveira Peresunko, D. Lara, C. E. Perez Lezama, E. Perez Perini, D. Perrino, D. Peryt, W. Pesci, A. Peskov, V. Pestov, Y. Petracek, V. Petran, M. Petris, M. Petrov, P. Petrovici, M. Petta, C. Piano, S. Piccotti, A. Pikna, M. Pillot, P. Pinazza, O. Pinsky, L. Pitz, N. Piyarathna, D. B. Ploskon, M. Pluta, J. Pocheptsov, T. Pochybova, S. Podesta-Lerma, P. L. M. Poghosyan, M. G. Polak, K. Polichtchouk, B. Pop, A. Porteboeuf-Houssais, S. Pospisil, V. Potukuchi, B. Prasad, S. K. Preghenella, R. Prino, F. Pruneau, C. A. Pshenichnov, I. Puchagin, S. Puddu, G. Pulvirenti, A. Punin, V. Putis, M. Putschke, J. Quercigh, E. Qvigstad, H. Rachevski, A. Rademakers, A. Raiha, T. S. Rak, J. Rakotozafindrabe, A. Ramello, L. Reyes, A. Ramirez Raniwala, R. Raniwala, S. Rasanen, S. S. Rascanu, B. T. Rathee, D. Read, K. F. Real, J. S. Redlich, K. Reichelt, P. Reicher, M. Renfordt, R. Reolon, A. R. Reshetin, A. Rettig, F. Revol, J. -P. Reygers, K. Riccati, L. Ricci, R. A. Richert, T. Richter, M. Riedler, P. Riegler, W. Riggi, F. Rabacal, B. Rodrigues Fernandes Cahuantzi, M. Rodriguez Manso, A. Rodriguez Roed, K. Rohr, D. Roehrich, D. Romita, R. Ronchetti, F. Rosnet, P. Rossegger, S. Rossi, A. Roy, P. Roy, C. Montero, A. J. Rubio Rui, R. Russo, R. Ryabinkin, E. Rybicki, A. Sadovsky, S. Safarik, K. Sahoo, R. Sahu, P. K. Saini, J. Sakaguchi, H. Sakai, S. Sakata, D. Salgado, C. A. Salzwedel, J. Sambyal, S. Samsonov, V. Castro, X. Sanchez Sandor, L. Sandoval, A. Sano, M. Sano, S. Santo, R. Santoro, R. Sarkamo, J. Scapparone, E. Scarlassara, F. Scharenberg, R. P. Schiaua, C. Schicker, R. Schmidt, C. Schmidt, H. R. Schreiner, S. Schuchmann, S. Schukraft, J. Schutz, Y. Schwarz, K. Schweda, K. Scioli, G. Scomparin, E. Scott, P. A. Scott, R. Segato, G. Selyuzhenkov, I. Senyukov, S. Seo, J. Serci, S. Serradilla, E. Sevcenco, A. Shabetai, A. Shabratova, G. Shahoyan, R. Sharma, S. Sharma, N. Rohni, S. Shigaki, K. Shimomura, M. Shtejer, K. Sibiriak, Y. Siciliano, M. Sicking, E. Siddhanta, S. Siemiarczuk, T. Silvermyr, D. Silvestre, C. Simatovic, G. Simonetti, G. Singaraju, R. Singh, R. Singha, S. Singhal, V. Sinha, T. Sinha, B. C. Sitar, B. Sitta, M. Skaali, T. B. Skjerdal, K. Smakal, R. Smirnov, N. Snellings, R. J. M. Sogaard, C. Soltz, R. Son, H. Song, J. Song, M. Soos, C. Soramel, F. Sputowska, I. Spyropoulou-Stassinaki, M. Srivastava, B. K. Stachel, J. Stan, I. Stan, I. Stefanek, G. Steinpreis, M. Stenlund, E. Steyn, G. Stiller, J. H. Stocco, D. Stolpovskiy, M. Strabykin, K. Strmen, P. Suaide, A. A. P. Vasquez, M. A. Subieta Sugitate, T. Suire, C. Sukhorukov, M. Sultanov, R. Sumbera, M. Susa, T. de Toledo, A. Szanto Szarka, I. Szczepankiewicz, A. Szostak, A. Szymanski, M. Takahashi, J. Takaki, J. D. Tapia Tauro, A. Munoz, G. Tejeda Telesca, A. Terrevoli, C. Thaeder, J. Thomas, D. Thomas, J. H. Tieulent, R. Timmins, A. R. Tlusty, D. Toia, A. Torii, H. Toscano, L. Truesdale, D. Trzaska, W. H. Tsuji, T. Tumkin, A. Turrisi, R. Tveter, T. S. Ulery, J. Ullaland, K. Ulrich, J. Uras, A. Urban, J. Urciuoli, G. M. Usai, G. L. Vajzer, M. Vala, M. Palomo, L. Valencia Vallero, S. van der Kolk, N. Vande Vyvre, P. van Leeuwen, M. Vannucci, L. Vargas, A. Varma, R. Vasileiou, M. Vasiliev, A. Vechernin, V. Veldhoen, M. Venaruzzo, M. Vercellin, E. Vergara, S. Vernet, R. Verweij, M. Vickovic, L. Viesti, G. Vikhlyantsev, O. Vilakazi, Z. Baillie, O. Villalobos Vinogradov, A. Vinogradov, Y. Vinogradov, L. Virgili, T. Viyogi, Y. P. Vodopyanov, A. Voloshin, K. Voloshin, S. Volpe, G. Von Haller, B. Vranic, D. Ovrebekk, G. Vrlakova, J. Vulpescu, B. Vyushin, A. Wagner, V. Wagner, B. Wan, R. Wang, Y. Wang, D. Wang, Y. Wang, M. Watanabe, K. Weber, M. Wessels, J. P. Westerhoff, U. Wiechula, J. Wikne, J. Wilde, M. Wilk, G. Wilk, A. Williams, M. C. S. Windelband, B. Karampatsos, L. Xaplanteris Yaldo, C. G. Yamaguchi, Y. Yang, H. Yang, S. Yasnopolskiy, S. Yi, J. Yin, Z. Yoo, I. -K. Yoon, J. Yu, W. Yuan, X. Yushmanov, I. Zach, C. Zampolli, C. Zaporozhets, S. Zarochentsev, A. Zavada, P. Zaviyalov, N. Zbroszczyk, H. Zelnicek, P. Zgura, I. S. Zhalov, M. Zhang, H. Zhang, X. Zhou, Y. Zhou, D. Zhou, F. Zhu, J. Zhu, J. Zhu, X. Zichichi, A. Zimmermann, A. Zinovjev, G. Zoccarato, Y. Zynovyev, M. Zyzak, M. CA ALICE Collaboration TI Charge separation relative to the reaction plane in Pb-Pb collisions at root s(NN)=2.76 TeV SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID NUCLEAR COLLISIONS; FIELD-THEORY; VIOLATION; FLOW; QCD AB Measurements of charge-dependent azimuthal correlations with the ALICE detector at the LHC are reported for Pb-Pb collisions at root s(NN) = 2.76 TeV. Two- and three-particle charge-dependent azimuthal correlations in the pseudorapidity range vertical bar eta vertical bar < 0.8 are presented as a function of the collision centrality, particle separation in pseudorapidity, and transverse momentum. A clear signal compatible with a charge-dependent separation relative to the reaction plane is observed, which shows little or no collision energy dependence when compared to measurements at RHIC energies. This provides a new insight for understanding the nature of the charge-dependent azimuthal correlations observed at RHIC and LHC energies. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.110.012301 C1 [Abelev, B.; Garishvili, I.; Soltz, R.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Adam, J.; Bielcik, J.; Cepila, J.; Krelina, M.; Krus, M.; Pachr, M.; Petracek, V.; Petran, M.; Pospisil, V.; Smakal, R.; Tlusty, D.; Vajzer, M.; Wagner, V.; Zach, C.] Czech Tech Univ, Fac Nucl Sci & Phys Engn, CR-11519 Prague, Czech Republic. [Adamova, D.; Bielcikova, J.; Kushpil, S.; Kushpil, V.; Sumbera, M.; Vajzer, M.] Acad Sci Czech Republic, Inst Nucl Phys, CZ-25068 Rez, Czech Republic. [Adare, A. M.; Aronsson, T.; Orduna, D. Caballero; Caines, H.; Harris, J. W.; Hicks, B.; Hille, P. T.; Ma, R.; Oh, S.; Putschke, J.; Smirnov, N.] Yale Univ, New Haven, CT USA. [Aggarwal, M. M.; Bhati, A. K.; Chawla, I.; Rathee, D.; Sharma, N.] Panjab Univ, Dept Phys, Chandigarh 160014, India. [Rinella, G. Aglieri; Augustinus, A.; Pedrosa, F. Baltasar Dos Santos; Betev, L.; Boccioli, M.; Brun, R.; Carena, W.; Carena, F.; Carminati, F.; Cavicchioli, C.; Chapeland, S.; Cheshkov, C.; Barroso, V. Chibante; Chochula, P.; Cifarelli, L.; Del Valle, Z. Conesa; Costa, F.; Di Mauro, A.; Divia, R.; Floris, M.; Francescon, A.; Fuchs, U.; Gheata, A.; Gheata, M.; Giubellino, P.; Grigoras, A.; Grigoras, C.; Grosse-Oetringhaus, J. F.; Grosso, R.; Hayrapetyan, A.; Hristov, P.; Innocenti, P. G.; Jirden, L.; Kalweit, A.; Uysal, A. Karasu; Kluge, A.; Kugathasan, T.; Lechman, M.; Leistam, L.; Lippmann, C.; Lohn, S.; Luzzi, C.; Mager, M.; Tobon, C. A. Marin; Martinengo, P.; Miskowiec, D.; Molnar, L.; Morsch, A.; Mueller, H.; Musa, L.; Niculescu, M.; Oeschler, H.; Perini, D.; Peskov, V.; Pinazza, O.; Poghosyan, M. G.; Quercigh, E.; Rademakers, A.; Revol, J. -P.; Riedler, P.; Riegler, W.; Rabacal, B. Rodrigues Fernandes; Rossegger, S.; Rossi, A.; Safarik, K.; Santoro, R.; Schreiner, S.; Schukraft, J.; Schutz, Y.; Shahoyan, R.; Sicking, E.; Simonetti, G.; Soos, C.; Szczepankiewicz, A.; Tauro, A.; Telesca, A.; Vande Vyvre, P.; Volpe, G.; Von Haller, B.; Wessels, J. P.] CERN, European Org Nucl Res, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. [Agocs, A. G.; Barnafoeldi, G. G.; Bencedi, G.; Berenyi, D.; Boldizsar, L.; Denes, E.; Hamar, G.; Levai, P.; Pochybova, S.] Hungarian Acad Sci, KFKI Res Inst Particle & Nucl Phys, Budapest, Hungary. [Agostinelli, A.; Arcelli, S.; Basile, M.; Bellini, F.; Cifarelli, L.; Falchieri, D.; Guerzoni, B.; Scioli, G.; Zichichi, A.] Univ Bologna, Dipartimento Fis, Bologna, Italy. [Agostinelli, A.; Alici, A.; Antonioli, P.; Arcelli, S.; Basile, M.; Bellini, F.; Romeo, G. Cara; Cifarelli, L.; Cindolo, F.; Falchieri, D.; Guerzoni, B.; Hatzifotiadou, D.; Margotti, A.; Nania, R.; Noferini, F.; Pesci, A.; Preghenella, R.; Scapparone, E.; Scioli, G.; Williams, M. C. S.; Zampolli, C.; Zichichi, A.] Sezione Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Bologna, Italy. [Salazar, S. Aguilar; Molina, R. Alfaro; Almaraz Avina, E.; Belmont-Moreno, E.; Alaniz, E. Cruz; Gonzalez-Trueba, L. H.; Grabski, V.; Leon, H.; Martinez Davalos, A.; Menchaca-Rocha, A.; Sandoval, A.; Serradilla, E.] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Fis, Mexico City 01000, DF, Mexico. [Ahammed, Z.; Basu, S.; Chattopadhyay, S.; Choudhury, S.; De, S.; Dubey, A. K.; Majumdar, M. R. Dutta; Ghosh, P.; Khan, S. A.; Mohanty, B.; Muhuri, S.; Mukherjee, M.; Nayak, T. K.; Pal, S. K.; Saini, J.; Singaraju, R.; Singha, S.; Singhal, V.; Sinha, B. C.; Viyogi, Y. P.] Ctr Variable Energy Cyclotron, Kolkata, India. [Ahmad, N.; Masoodi, A. Ahmad; Azmi, M. D.; Irfan, M.; Khan, M. M.] Aligarh Muslim Univ, Dept Phys, Aligarh 202002, Uttar Pradesh, India. [Ahn, S. A.; Jang, H. J.] Korea Inst Sci & Technol, Taejon, South Korea. [Ahn, S. U.; Baek, Y. W.; Jung, H.; Kim, J. S.; Kim, D. W.; Kim, M.; Kim, S. H.; Lee, S. C.; Lee, K. S.; Oh, S. K.] Gangneung Wonju Natl Univ, Kangnung, South Korea. [Akindinov, A.; Kaidalov, A. B.; Kiselev, S.; Mal'Kevich, D.; Nedosekin, A.; Sultanov, R.; Voloshin, K.] Inst Theoret & Expt Phys, Moscow 117259, Russia. [Aleksandrov, D.; Blau, D.; Fokin, S.; Ippolitov, M.; Kazantsev, A.; Kucheriaev, Y.; Manko, V.; Nikolaev, S.; Nikulin, S.; Nyanin, A.; Peresunko, D.; Ryabinkin, E.; Sibiriak, Y.; Vasiliev, A.; Vinogradov, A.; Yasnopolskiy, S.; Yushmanov, I.] Russian Res Ctr, Kurchatov Inst, Moscow, Russia. [Alessandro, B.; Arnaldi, R.; Bala, R.; Beole, S.; Berzano, D.; Bianchi, L.; Bossu, F.; Bruna, E.; Bufalino, S.; Cerello, P.; Morales, Y. Corrales; De Marco, N.; Ferretti, A.; Gagliardi, M.; Gallio, M.; Innocenti, G. M.; Leoncino, M.; Manceau, L.; Marchisone, M.; Masera, M.; Milano, L.; Monteno, M.; Musso, A.; Oppedisano, C.; Ortona, G.; Padilla, F.; Piccotti, A.; Poghosyan, M. G.; Prino, F.; Riccati, L.; Russo, R.; Scomparin, E.; Siciliano, M.; Vasquez, M. A. Subieta; Toscano, L.; Vercellin, E.] Sezione Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Turin, Italy. [Alici, A.; Ferroli, R. Baldini; Cifarelli, L.; Coccetti, F.; De Caro, A.; Noferini, F.; Preghenella, R.; Santoro, R.; Zichichi, A.] Ctr Studi & Ric, Ctr Fermi, Rome, Italy. [Alici, A.; Ferroli, R. Baldini; Cifarelli, L.; Coccetti, F.; De Caro, A.; Noferini, F.; Preghenella, R.; Santoro, R.; Zichichi, A.] Museo Stor Fis Enrico Fermi, Rome, Italy. [Alkin, A.; Bugaiev, K.; Grinyov, B.; Ivanytskyi, O.; Martynov, Y.; Zinovjev, G.; Zynovyev, M.] Bogolyubov Inst Theoret Phys, Kiev, Ukraine. [Alme, J.; Erdal, H. A.; Helstrup, H.; Hetland, K. F.; Kileng, B.] Bergen Univ Coll, Fac Engn, Bergen, Norway. [Alt, T.; Bach, M.; de Cuveland, J.; Gerhard, J.; Gorbunov, S.; Kalcher, S.; Kirsch, S.; Kisel, I.; Kollegger, T.; Kretz, M.; Lindenstruth, V.; Painke, F.; Rettig, F.; Rohr, D.; Toia, A.] Goethe Univ Frankfurt, Frankfurt Inst Adv Studies, Frankfurt, Germany. [Altini, V.; Barile, F.; Bruno, G. E.; Colamaria, F.; Colella, D.; Erasmo, G. D.; Di Bari, D.; Di Giglio, C.; Fionda, F. M.; Fiore, E. M.; Ghidini, B.; Mastroserio, A.; Nicassio, M.; Perrino, D.; Terrevoli, C.; Volpe, G.] Dipartimento Interateneo Fis M Merlin, Bari, Italy. [Altini, V.; Barile, F.; Bruno, G. E.; Colamaria, F.; Colella, D.; de Cataldo, G.; Erasmo, G. D.; Di Bari, D.; Di Giglio, C.; Elia, D.; Fionda, F. M.; Fiore, E. M.; Ghidini, B.; Lenti, V.; Manzari, V.; Mastroserio, A.; Nappi, E.; Nicassio, M.; Paticchio, V.; Perrino, D.; Santoro, R.; Terrevoli, C.; Volpe, G.] Sezione Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Bari, Italy. [Altinpinar, S.; Djuvsland, O.; Fehlker, D.; Haaland, O.; Huang, M.; Langoy, R.; Lien, J.; Liu, L.; Nystrand, J.; Roed, K.; Roehrich, D.; Skjerdal, K.; Szostak, A.; Ullaland, K.; Ovrebekk, G.; Wagner, B.; Yang, S.] Univ Bergen, Dept Phys & Technol, Bergen, Norway. [Altsybeev, I.; Asryan, A.; Feofilov, G.; Ivanov, A.; Kolojvari, A.; Kondratiev, V.; Ochirov, A.; Vechernin, V.; Vinogradov, L.; Zarochentsev, A.] St Petersburg State Univ, V Fock Inst Phys, St Petersburg, Russia. [Andrei, C.; Berceanu, I.; Bercuci, A.; Catanescu, V.; Herghelegiu, A.; Petris, M.; Petrovici, M.; Pop, A.; Schiaua, C.] Natl Inst Phys & Nucl Engn, Bucharest, Romania. [Andronic, A.; Arsene, I. C.; Averbeck, R.; Braun-Munzinger, P.; Hernandez, J. F. Castillo; Doenigus, B.; Fasel, M.; Foka, P.; Frankenfeld, U.; Garabatos, C.; Gutbrod, H.; Ivan, C.; Ivanov, M.; Knichel, M. L.; Koehler, M. K.; Kraus, I.; Krzewicki, M.; Lippmann, C.; Malzacher, P.; Marin, A.; Masciocchi, S.; Miskowiec, D.; Otwinowski, J.; Park, W. J.; Romita, R.; Schmidt, C.; Schwarz, K.; Schweda, K.; Selyuzhenkov, I.; Thaeder, J.; Thomas, J. H.; Vranic, D.] GSI Helmholtzzentrum Schwerionenforsch, Div Res, Darmstadt, Germany. [Andronic, A.; Arsene, I. C.; Averbeck, R.; Braun-Munzinger, P.; Hernandez, J. F. Castillo; Doenigus, B.; Fasel, M.; Foka, P.; Frankenfeld, U.; Garabatos, C.; Gutbrod, H.; Ivan, C.; Ivanov, M.; Knichel, M. L.; Koehler, M. K.; Kraus, I.; Krzewicki, M.; Lippmann, C.; Malzacher, P.; Marin, A.; Masciocchi, S.; Miskowiec, D.; Otwinowski, J.; Park, W. J.; Romita, R.; Schmidt, C.; Schwarz, K.; Schweda, K.; Selyuzhenkov, I.; Thaeder, J.; Thomas, J. H.; Vranic, D.] GSI Helmholtzzentrum Schwerionenforsch, ExtreMe Matter Inst EMMI, Darmstadt, Germany. [Anguelov, V.; Busch, O.; Constantin, P.; Glaessel, P.; Grajcarek, R.; Herrmann, N.; Klein, J.; Koch, K.; Krawutschke, T.; Kweon, M. J.; Lohner, D.; Lu, X. -G.; Maire, A.; Perez, J. Mercado; Oyama, K.; Pachmayer, Y.; Reygers, K.; Schicker, R.; Schweda, K.; Stachel, J.; Stiller, J. H.; Vallero, S.; Wang, Y.; Windelband, B.; Zimmermann, A.] Heidelberg Univ, Inst Phys, D-6900 Heidelberg, Germany. [Anielski, J.; Bathen, B.; Dietel, T.; Emschermann, D.; Feldkamp, L.; Heide, M.; Klein-Boesing, C.; Passfeld, A.; Santo, R.; Wessels, J. P.; Westerhoff, U.; Wilde, M.; Wilk, A.] Univ Munster, Inst Kernphys, D-4400 Munster, Germany. [Anson, C.; Bock, N.; Gangadharan, D. R.; Humanic, T. J.; Lisa, M. A.; Salzwedel, J.; Steinpreis, M.; Truesdale, D.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Anticic, T.; Nikolic, V.; Simatovic, G.; Susa, T.] Rudjer Boskovic Inst, Zagreb, Croatia. [Antinori, F.; Dainese, A.; Fabris, D.; Turrisi, R.] Sezione Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Padua, Italy. [Aphecetche, L.; Batigne, G.; Bergognon, A. A. E.; Bregant, M.; Delagrange, H.; Driga, O.; Erazmus, B.; Estienne, M.; Germain, M.; Lardeux, A.; Lefevre, F.; Luquin, L.; Garcia, G. Martinez; Mas, A.; Massacrier, L.; Matyja, A.; Pillot, P.; Schutz, Y.; Shabetai, A.; Stocco, D.] Univ Nantes, CNRS, IN2P3, Ecole Mines Nantes,SUBATECH, Nantes, France. [Appelshaeuser, H.; Arend, A.; Arslandok, M.; Bailhache, R.; Baumann, C.; Beck, H.; Blume, C.; Book, J.; Buesching, H.; Hartig, M.; Heckel, S. T.; Kliemant, M.; Kramer, F.; Kulakov, I.; Kvaerno, H.; Lehnert, J.; Vargas, H. Leon; Luettig, P.; Pitz, N.; Rascanu, B. T.; Reichelt, P.; Renfordt, R.; Schuchmann, S.; Ulery, J.; Yu, W.; Zyzak, M.] Goethe Univ Frankfurt, Inst Kernphys, D-6000 Frankfurt, Germany. [Arbor, N.; Balbastre, G. Conesa; Faivre, J.; Furget, C.; Guernane, R.; Kox, S.; Real, J. S.; Silvestre, C.] Univ Grenoble 1, CNRS, IN2P3, Inst Polytech Grenoble,LPSC, Grenoble, France. [Armesto, N.; Ferreiro, E. G.; Pajares, C.; Salgado, C. A.] Univ Santiago de Compostela, Dept Fis Particulas, Santiago De Compostela, Spain. [Armesto, N.; Ferreiro, E. G.; Pajares, C.; Salgado, C. A.] Univ Santiago de Compostela, IGFAE, Santiago De Compostela, Spain. [Awes, T. C.; Ganoti, P.; Silvermyr, D.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. [Aysto, J.; Chang, B.; Kalliokoski, T.; Kim, D. J.; Kral, J.; Krizek, F.; Loo, K. K.; Novitzky, N.; Raiha, T. S.; Rak, J.; Rasanen, S. S.; Sarkamo, J.; Trzaska, W. H.] HIP, Jyvaskyla, Finland. [Aysto, J.; Chang, B.; Kalliokoski, T.; Kim, D. J.; Kral, J.; Krizek, F.; Loo, K. K.; Novitzky, N.; Raiha, T. S.; Rak, J.; Rasanen, S. S.; Sarkamo, J.; Trzaska, W. H.] Univ Jyvaskyla, Jyvaskyla, Finland. [Badala, A.; Barbera, R.; La Rocca, P.; Palmeri, A.; Pappalardo, G. S.; Petta, C.; Pulvirenti, A.; Riggi, F.] Sezione Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Catania, Italy. [Baek, Y. W.; Baldit, A.; Barret, V.; Bastid, N.; Crochet, P.; Dupieux, P.; Ichou, R.; Lopez, X.; Manso, F.; Marchisone, M.; Porteboeuf-Houssais, S.; Rosnet, P.; Vulpescu, B.; Zhang, X.] Univ Clermont Ferrand, Clermont Univ, CNRS, IN2P3,LPC, Clermont Ferrand, France. [Baldisseri, A.; Borel, H.; Castellanos, J. Castillo; Charvet, J. L.; Geuna, C.; Da Costa, H. Pereira; Rakotozafindrabe, A.; Yang, H.] CEA, IRFU, Saclay, France. [Ban, J.; Kalinak, P.; Kralik, I.; Krivda, M.; Pastircak, B.; Sandor, L.; Vala, M.] Slovak Acad Sci, Inst Expt Phys, Kosice 04353, Slovakia. [Baral, R. C.; Mahapatra, D. P.; Sahu, P. K.] Inst Phys, Bhubaneswar 751007, Orissa, India. [Barbera, R.; La Rocca, P.; Petta, C.; Pulvirenti, A.; Riggi, F.] Univ Catania, Dipartimento Fis & Astron, Catania, Italy. [Barnby, L. S.; Evans, D.; Hanratty, L. D.; Jones, P. G.; Jusko, A.; Kour, R.; Krivda, M.; Lazzeroni, C.; Lee, G. R.; Lietava, R.; Matthews, Z. L.; Navin, S.; Palaha, A.; Petrov, P.; Scott, P. A.; Baillie, O. Villalobos] Univ Birmingham, Sch Phys & Astron, Birmingham, W Midlands, England. [Bartke, J.; Figiel, J.; Gladysz-Dziadus, E.; Kowalski, M.; Matyja, A.; Mayer, C.; Rybicki, A.; Sputowska, I.; Szczepankiewicz, A.] Polish Acad Sci, Henryk Niewodniczanski Inst Nucl Phys, Krakow, Poland. [Batyunya, B.; Fedunov, A.; Grigoryan, S.; Malinina, L.; Nomokonov, P.; Pocheptsov, T.; Shabratova, G.; Vala, M.; Vodopyanov, A.; Zaporozhets, S.] Joint Inst Nucl Res, Dubna, Russia. [Bearden, I. G.; Bilandzic, A.; Boggild, H.; Christensen, C. H.; Dalsgaard, H. H.; Gaardhoje, J. J.; Gulbrandsen, K.; Hansen, A.; Nielsen, B. S.; Nygaard, C.; Sogaard, C.] Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark. [Belikov, I.; Hippolyte, B.; Kuhn, C.; Roy, C.; Castro, X. Sanchez; Senyukov, S.] Univ Strasbourg, CNRS, IN2P3, IPHC, Strasbourg, France. [Bellwied, R.; Blanco, F.; Jayarathna, P. H. S. Y.; Madagodahettige-Don, D. M.; Pinsky, L.; Piyarathna, D. B.; Timmins, A. R.; Weber, M.] Univ Houston, Houston, TX USA. [Beole, S.; Bianchi, L.; Bossu, F.; Bruna, E.; Bufalino, S.; Morales, Y. Corrales; Ferretti, A.; Gagliardi, M.; Gallio, M.; Innocenti, G. M.; Marchisone, M.; Masera, M.; Milano, L.; Ortona, G.; Padilla, F.; Poghosyan, M. G.; Russo, R.; Siciliano, M.; Vasquez, M. A. Subieta; Vercellin, E.] Univ Turin, Dipartimento Fis, Turin, Italy. [Berdnikov, Y.; Ivanov, V.; Khanzadeev, A.; Kryshen, E.; Malaev, M.; Nikulin, V.; Samsonov, V.; Zhalov, M.] Petersburg Nucl Phys Inst, Gatchina, Russia. [Bhasin, A.; Gupta, A.; Gupta, R.; Mangotra, L.; Potukuchi, B.; Sambyal, S.; Sharma, S.; Rohni, S.; Singh, R.] Univ Jammu, Dept Phys, Jammu 180004, India. [Bhom, J.; Chujo, T.; Esumi, S.; Horaguchi, T.; Inaba, M.; Miake, Y.; Niida, T.; Sakata, D.; Sano, M.; Shimomura, M.; Watanabe, K.] Univ Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan. [Bianchi, N.; Diaz, A. Casanova; Cunqueiro, L.; Di Nezza, P.; Fantoni, A.; Gianotti, P.; Muccifora, V.; Reolon, A. R.; Ronchetti, F.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy. [Bianchin, C.; Caffarri, D.; Dainese, A.; Fabris, D.; Festanti, A.; Francescon, A.; Lunardon, M.; Morando, M.; Moretto, S.; Rossi, A.; Scarlassara, F.; Segato, G.; Soramel, F.; Toia, A.; Viesti, G.] Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis, Padua, Italy. [Bianchin, C.; Caffarri, D.; Dainese, A.; Fabris, D.; Festanti, A.; Francescon, A.; Lunardon, M.; Morando, M.; Moretto, S.; Rossi, A.; Scarlassara, F.; Segato, G.; Soramel, F.; Toia, A.; Viesti, G.] Sezione Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Padua, Italy. [Bilandzic, A.; Bjelogrlic, S.; Botje, M.; Chojnacki, M.; Christakoglou, P.; De Rooij, R.; Dubla, A.; Grelli, A.; Kuijer, P. G.; La Pointe, S. L.; Luparello, G.; Mischke, A.; Nooren, G.; Peitzmann, T.; Lara, C. E. Perez; Reicher, M.; Manso, A. Rodriguez; Snellings, R. J. M.; Thomas, D.; van der Kolk, N.; van Leeuwen, M.; Veldhoen, M.; Verweij, M.; Zhou, Y.] NIKHEF H, Natl Inst Subatom Phys, NL-1009 DB Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Bjelogrlic, S.; Chojnacki, M.; De Rooij, R.; Dubla, A.; Grelli, A.; La Pointe, S. L.; Luparello, G.; Mischke, A.; Nooren, G.; Peitzmann, T.; Reicher, M.; Snellings, R. J. M.; Thomas, D.; van Leeuwen, M.; Veldhoen, M.; Verweij, M.; Zhou, Y.] Univ Utrecht, Inst Subatom Phys, Utrecht, Netherlands. [Blanco, F.; Cotallo, M. E.; Corchero, M. A. Diaz; Gonzalez-Zamora, P.; Montes, E.; Montero, A. J. Rubio; Serradilla, E.] Ctr Invest Energet Medioambientales & Tecnol CIEM, Madrid, Spain. [Boettger, S.; Breitner, T.; Engel, H.; Kebschull, U.; Lara, C.; Ulrich, J.; Zelnicek, P.] Goethe Univ Frankfurt, Inst Informat, Frankfurt, Germany. [Bogdanov, A.; Grigoriev, V.; Kaplin, V.; Kondratyeva, N.; Loginov, V.] Moscow Engn Phys Inst, Moscow 115409, Russia. [Bogolyubsky, M.; Kharlov, Y.; Patalakha, D. I.; Polichtchouk, B.; Sadovsky, S.; Stolpovskiy, M.] Inst High Energy Phys, Protvino, Russia. [Bombara, M.; Harmanova, Z.; Putis, M.; Urban, J.; Vrlakova, J.] Safarik Univ, Fac Sci, Kosice, Slovakia. [Borissov, A.; Cormier, T. M.; Dobrin, A.; Jha, D. M.; Loggins, V. R.; Mlynarz, J.; Pavlinov, A.; Prasad, S. K.; Pruneau, C. A.; Putschke, J.; Voloshin, S.; Yaldo, C. G.] Wayne State Univ, Detroit, MI USA. [Bose, S.; Chattopadhyay, S.; Das, D.; Das, K.; Majumdar, A. K. Dutta; Khan, P.; Roy, P.; Sinha, T.] Saha Inst Nucl Phys, Kolkata, India. [Boyer, B.; Das, I.; Espagnon, B.; Hadjidakis, C.; Hrivnacova, I.; Lakomov, I.; Le Bornec, Y.; Suire, C.; Takaki, J. D. Tapia; Palomo, L. Valencia] Univ Paris 11, CNRS, IN2P3, IPNO, F-91405 Orsay, France. [Braidot, E.; Cosentino, M. R.; Fenton-Olsen, B.; Jacobs, P. M.; Loizides, C.; Ploskon, M.; Sakai, S.; Thomas, J. H.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Browning, T. A.; Scharenberg, R. P.; Srivastava, B. K.] Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Broz, M.; Janik, R.; Meres, M.; Pikna, M.; Sitar, B.; Strmen, P.; Szarka, I.] Comenius Univ, Fac Math Phys & Informat, Bratislava, Slovakia. [Budnikov, D.; Demanov, V.; Filchagin, S.; Ilkaev, R.; Korneev, A.; Kuryakin, A.; Mamonov, A.; Naumov, N. P.; Nazarenko, S.; Nazarov, G.; Puchagin, S.; Punin, V.; Strabykin, K.; Sukhorukov, M.; Tumkin, A.; Vikhlyantsev, O.; Vinogradov, Y.; Vyushin, A.; Zaviyalov, N.] Russian Fed Nucl Ctr VNHEF, Sarov, Russia. [Buthelezi, Z.; Cleymans, J.; Fearick, R.; Foertsch, S.; Steyn, G.; Vilakazi, Z.] Univ Cape Town, Dept Phys, iThemba LABS, ZA-7925 Cape Town, South Africa. [Cai, X.; Luo, J.; Ma, K.; Mao, Y.; Wan, R.; Wang, Y.; Wang, D.; Wang, M.; Yin, Z.; Yuan, X.; Zhang, H.; Zhang, X.; Zhou, D.; Zhou, F.; Zhu, J.; Zhu, X.] Hua Zhong Normal Univ, Wuhan, Peoples R China. [Villar, E. Calvo; Gago, A.; Gutierrez, C. Guerra] Pontificia Univ Catolica Peru, Dept Ciencias, Secc Fis, Lima, Peru. [Camerini, P.; Contin, G.; Lea, R.; Margagliotti, G. V.; Rui, R.; Venaruzzo, M.] Univ Trieste, Dipartimento Fis, Trieste, Italy. [Camerini, P.; Contin, G.; Lea, R.; Margagliotti, G. V.; Rui, R.; Venaruzzo, M.] Sezione Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Trieste, Italy. [Roman, V. Canoa; Contreras, J. G.; Crescio, E.; Corral, G. Herrera; Zetina, L. Montano; Reyes, A. Ramirez] CINVESTAV, Ctr Invest & Estudios Avanzados, Mexico City 14000, DF, Mexico. [Roman, V. Canoa; Contreras, J. G.; Crescio, E.; Corral, G. Herrera; Zetina, L. Montano; Reyes, A. Ramirez] CINVESTAV, Ctr Invest & Estudios Avanzados, Merida, Mexico. [Filho, N. Carlin; de Barros, G. O. V.; Deppman, A.; Figueredo, M. A. S.; De Godoy, D. A. Moreira; Munhoz, M. G.; Filho, E. Pereira De Oliveira; Suaide, A. A. P.; de Toledo, A. Szanto] Univ Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Casula, E. A. R.; De Falco, A.; Incani, E.; Puddu, G.; Serci, S.; Usai, G. L.] Univ Cagliari, Dipartimento Fis, Cagliari, Italy. [Casula, E. A. R.; Cicalo, C.; De Falco, A.; Incani, E.; Masoni, A.; Puddu, G.; Serci, S.; Siddhanta, S.; Usai, G. L.] Sezione Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Cagliari, Italy. [Sanchez, C. Ceballos; Torres, E. Lopez; Shtejer, K.] Ctr Aplicac Tecnol & Desarrollo Nucl CEADEN, Havana, Cuba. [Chang, B.; Kang, J. H.; Kim, T.; Kim, M.; Kim, B.; Kwon, Y.; Moon, T.; Song, M.; Yoon, J.] Yonsei Univ, Seoul 120749, South Korea. [Cherney, M.; Nilsen, B. S.] Creighton Univ, Dept Phys, Omaha, NE 68178 USA. [Cheshkov, C.; Cheynis, B.; Ducroux, L.; Grossiord, J. -Y.; Guilbaud, M.; Tieulent, R.; Uras, A.; Zoccarato, Y.] Univ Lyon 1, CNRS, IN2P3, IPN Lyon, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France. [Chinellato, D. D.; Dash, A.; Takahashi, J.] Univ Estadual Campinas UNICAMP, Campinas, SP, Brazil. [Christiansen, P.; Dobrin, A.; Gros, P.; Velasquez, A. Ortiz; Oskarsson, A.; Richert, T.; Stenlund, E.] Lund Univ, Div Expt High Energy Phys, Lund, Sweden. [Chung, S. U.; Seo, J.; Song, J.; Yi, J.; Yoo, I. -K.] Pusan Natl Univ, Pusan 609735, South Korea. [Cortese, P.; Ferretti, R.; Ramello, L.; Senyukov, S.; Sitta, M.] Univ Piemonte Orientale, Dipartimento Sci & Innovaz Tecnol, Alessandria, Italy. [Cortese, P.; Ferretti, R.; Ramello, L.; Senyukov, S.; Sitta, M.] INFN, Grp Collegato, Alessandria, Italy. [Maldonado, I. Cortes; Tellez, A. Fernandez; Martinez, M. I.; Cahuantzi, M. Rodriguez; Munoz, G. Tejeda; Vargas, A.; Vergara, S.] Benemerita Univ Autonoma Puebla, Puebla, Mexico. [Cuautle, E.; Dominguez, I.; Bustamante, R. T. Jimenez; Ladron de Guevara, P.; Cervantes, I. Maldonado; Velasquez, A. Ortiz; Paic, G.; Lezama, E. Perez; Peskov, V.; Simatovic, G.] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Ciencias Nucl, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico. [Danu, A.; Felea, D.; Gheata, M.; Haiduc, M.; Hasegan, D.; Mitu, C.; Niculescu, M.; Sevcenco, A.; Stan, I.; Zgura, I. S.] ISS, Bucharest, Romania. [Dash, S.; Jena, S.; Meethaleveedu, G. Koyithatta; Kumar, J.; Nandi, B. K.; Nyatha, A.; Varma, R.] Indian Inst Technol, Bombay 400076, Maharashtra, India. [De Caro, A.; De Gruttola, D.; De Pasquale, S.; Girard, M. Fusco; Pagano, P.; Virgili, T.] Univ Salerno, Dipartimento Fis ER Caianiello, I-84100 Salerno, Italy. [De Caro, A.; De Gruttola, D.; De Pasquale, S.; Girard, M. Fusco; Pagano, P.; Virgili, T.] INFN, Grp Collegato, Salerno, Italy. [Deloff, A.; Dobrowolski, T.; Ilkiv, I.; Kurashvili, P.; Redlich, K.; Siemiarczuk, T.; Stefanek, G.; Wilk, G.] Soltan Inst Nucl Studies, PL-00681 Warsaw, Poland. [Di Liberto, S.; Mazzoni, M. A.; Meddi, F.; Urciuoli, G. M.] Sezione Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Rome, Italy. [Dordic, O.; Eyyubova, G.; Lindal, S.; Lovhoiden, G.; Milosevic, J.; Nilsson, M. S.; Qvigstad, H.; Richter, M.; Skaali, T. B.; Tveter, T. S.; Wikne, J.] Univ Oslo, Dept Phys, Oslo, Norway. [Finogeev, D.; Guber, F.; Karavichev, O.; Karavicheva, T.; Karpechev, E.; Konevskikh, A.; Kurepin, A.; Kurepin, A. B.; Maevskaya, A.; Pshenichnov, I.; Reshetin, A.] Acad Sci, Inst Nucl Res, Moscow, Russia. [Fragiacomo, E.; Grion, N.; Margagliotti, G. V.; Piano, S.; Rachevski, A.] Sezione Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Trieste, Italy. [Garcia-Solis, E.] Chicago State Univ, Chicago, IL USA. [Girard, M. R.; Graczykowski, L. K.; Janik, M. A.; Kisiel, A.; Oleniacz, J.; Ostrowski, P.; Pawlak, T.; Peryt, W.; Pluta, J.; Szymanski, M.; Zbroszczyk, H.] Warsaw Univ Technol, Warsaw, Poland. [Gomez, R.; Leon Monzon, I.; Podesta-Lerma, P. L. M.] Univ Autonoma Sinaloa, Culiacan, Mexico. [Goswami, A.; Mishra, A. N.; Raniwala, R.; Raniwala, S.] Univ Rajasthan, Dept Phys, Jaipur 302004, Rajasthan, India. [Gotovac, S.; Mudnic, E.; Vickovic, L.] Tech Univ Split FESB, Split, Croatia. [Grigoryan, A.; Hayrapetyan, A.; Kakoyan, V.; Papikyan, V.] Yerevan Phys Inst, Yerevan 375036, Armenia. [Gunji, T.; Hamagaki, H.; Hori, Y.; Ozawa, K.; Sano, S.; Torii, H.; Tsuji, T.; Yamaguchi, Y.] Univ Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan. [Han, B. H.; Hwang, D. S.; Kim, J. H.; Kim, S.; Son, H.] Sejong Univ, Dept Phys, Seoul, South Korea. [Hess, B. A.; Schmidt, H. R.; Wiechula, J.] Univ Tubingen, Tubingen, Germany. [Kalweit, A.; Mager, M.; Oeschler, H.] Tech Univ Darmstadt, Inst Kernphys, Darmstadt, Germany. [Uysal, A. Karasu] Yildiz Tekn Univ, Istanbul, Turkey. [Keidel, R.] Fachhsch Worms, ZTT, Worms, Germany. [Klay, J. L.] Calif Polytech State Univ San Luis Obispo, San Luis Obispo, CA 93407 USA. [Knospe, A. G.; Markert, C.; Karampatsos, L. Xaplanteris] Univ Texas Austin, Dept Phys, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Krawutschke, T.] Fachhsch Koln, Cologne, Germany. [Mares, J.; Polak, K.; Zavada, P.] Acad Sci Czech Republic, Inst Phys, Prague, Czech Republic. [Martashvili, I.; Mazer, J.; Nattrass, C.; Read, K. F.; Scott, R.] Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN USA. [Meddi, F.] Univ Roma La Sapienza, Dipartimento Fis, I-00185 Rome, Italy. [Pestov, Y.] Budker Inst Nucl Phys, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia. [Redlich, K.] Univ Wroclaw, Inst Theoret Phys, PL-50138 Wroclaw, Poland. [Ricci, R. A.; Vannucci, L.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Legnaro, I-35020 Legnaro, Italy. [Sahoo, R.] Indian Inst Technol Indore IIT, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India. [Sakaguchi, H.; Shigaki, K.; Sugitate, T.] Hiroshima Univ, Hiroshima, Japan. [Spyropoulou-Stassinaki, M.; Vasileiou, M.] Univ Athens, Dept Phys, Athens, Greece. [Ulrich, J.] Heidelberg Univ, Kirchhoff Inst Phys, Heidelberg, Germany. [Vernet, R.] IN2P3, Ctr Calcul, Villeurbanne, France. RP Abelev, B (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RI Deppman, Airton/J-5787-2014; Inst. of Physics, Gleb Wataghin/A-9780-2017; Ferreiro, Elena/C-3797-2017; Armesto, Nestor/C-4341-2017; Ferretti, Alessandro/F-4856-2013; Martinez Hernandez, Mario Ivan/F-4083-2010; Vickovic, Linda/F-3517-2017; Fernandez Tellez, Arturo/E-9700-2017; Nielsen, Borge S/C-3719-2015; Graczykowski, Lukasz/O-7522-2015; Christensen, Christian/D-6461-2012; De Pasquale, Salvatore/B-9165-2008; de Cuveland, Jan/H-6454-2016; Kurepin, Alexey/H-4852-2013; Jena, Deepika/P-2873-2015; Jena, Satyajit/P-2409-2015; Akindinov, Alexander/J-2674-2016; Nattrass, Christine/J-6752-2016; Suaide, Alexandre/L-6239-2016; van der Kolk, Naomi/M-9423-2016; Peitzmann, Thomas/K-2206-2012; Kharlov, Yuri/D-2700-2015; Mitu, Ciprian/E-6733-2011; Usai, Gianluca/E-9604-2015; Salgado, Carlos A./G-2168-2015; Bruna, Elena/C-4939-2014; Karasu Uysal, Ayben/K-3981-2015; HAMAGAKI, HIDEKI/G-4899-2014; Pshenichnov, Igor/A-4063-2008; Altsybeev, Igor/K-6687-2013; Vinogradov, Leonid/K-3047-2013; Janik, Malgorzata/O-7520-2015; Adamova, Dagmar/G-9789-2014; Blau, Dmitry/H-4523-2012; Yang, Hongyan/J-9826-2014; Turrisi, Rosario/H-4933-2012; Cosentino, Mauro/L-2418-2014; Bearden, Ian/M-4504-2014; Sumbera, Michal/O-7497-2014; Zarochentsev, Andrey/J-6253-2013; Krizek, Filip/G-8967-2014; Barnafoldi, Gergely Gabor/L-3486-2013; Christensen, Christian Holm/A-4901-2010; Chinellato, David/D-3092-2012; feofilov, grigory/A-2549-2013; Levai, Peter/A-1544-2014; Guber, Fedor/I-4271-2013; Martinez Davalos, Arnulfo/F-3498-2013; Wagner, Vladimir/G-5650-2014; Vajzer, Michal/G-8469-2014; Bielcikova, Jana/G-9342-2014; Vechernin, Vladimir/J-5832-2013; Kondratiev, Valery/J-8574-2013; Felea, Daniel/C-1885-2012; Barnby, Lee/G-2135-2010; Barbera, Roberto/G-5805-2012; Bregant, Marco/I-7663-2012; Sevcenco, Adrian/C-1832-2012; Takahashi, Jun/B-2946-2012; Mischke, Andre/D-3614-2011; Castillo Castellanos, Javier/G-8915-2013; Voloshin, Sergei/I-4122-2013 OI Deppman, Airton/0000-0001-9179-6363; Ferreiro, Elena/0000-0002-4449-2356; Armesto, Nestor/0000-0003-0940-0783; Ferretti, Alessandro/0000-0001-9084-5784; Martinez Hernandez, Mario Ivan/0000-0002-8503-3009; Vickovic, Linda/0000-0002-9820-7960; Fernandez Tellez, Arturo/0000-0003-0152-4220; Nielsen, Borge S/0000-0002-0091-1934; Coccetti, Fabrizio/0000-0001-7041-3394; Christensen, Christian/0000-0002-1850-0121; De Pasquale, Salvatore/0000-0001-9236-0748; de Cuveland, Jan/0000-0003-0455-1398; Kurepin, Alexey/0000-0002-1851-4136; Jena, Deepika/0000-0003-2112-0311; Jena, Satyajit/0000-0002-6220-6982; Akindinov, Alexander/0000-0002-7388-3022; Nattrass, Christine/0000-0002-8768-6468; Suaide, Alexandre/0000-0003-2847-6556; van der Kolk, Naomi/0000-0002-8670-0408; Peitzmann, Thomas/0000-0002-7116-899X; Usai, Gianluca/0000-0002-8659-8378; Salgado, Carlos A./0000-0003-4586-2758; Bruna, Elena/0000-0001-5427-1461; Karasu Uysal, Ayben/0000-0001-6297-2532; Pshenichnov, Igor/0000-0003-1752-4524; Altsybeev, Igor/0000-0002-8079-7026; Vinogradov, Leonid/0000-0001-9247-6230; Janik, Malgorzata/0000-0002-3356-3438; Cosentino, Mauro/0000-0002-7880-8611; Bearden, Ian/0000-0003-2784-3094; Sumbera, Michal/0000-0002-0639-7323; Zarochentsev, Andrey/0000-0002-3502-8084; Gago Medina, Alberto Martin/0000-0002-0019-9692; Dainese, Andrea/0000-0002-2166-1874; Paticchio, Vincenzo/0000-0002-2916-1671; Monteno, Marco/0000-0002-3521-6333; Bhasin, Anju/0000-0002-3687-8179; SANTORO, ROMUALDO/0000-0002-4360-4600; Scarlassara, Fernando/0000-0002-4663-8216; Turrisi, Rosario/0000-0002-5272-337X; Beole', Stefania/0000-0003-4673-8038; Christensen, Christian Holm/0000-0002-1850-0121; Chinellato, David/0000-0002-9982-9577; feofilov, grigory/0000-0003-3700-8623; Guber, Fedor/0000-0001-8790-3218; Martinez Davalos, Arnulfo/0000-0002-9481-9548; Vechernin, Vladimir/0000-0003-1458-8055; Kondratiev, Valery/0000-0002-0031-0741; Felea, Daniel/0000-0002-3734-9439; Barnby, Lee/0000-0001-7357-9904; Barbera, Roberto/0000-0001-5971-6415; Sevcenco, Adrian/0000-0002-4151-1056; Takahashi, Jun/0000-0002-4091-1779; Castillo Castellanos, Javier/0000-0002-5187-2779; FU Calouste Gulbenkian Foundation from Lisbon; Swiss Fonds Kidagan, Armenia; Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq); Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos (FINEP); Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo (FAPESP); National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC); Chinese Ministry of Education (CMOE); Ministry of Science and Technology of China (MSTC); Ministry of Education and Youth of the Czech Republic; Danish Natural Science Research Council; Carlsberg Foundation; Danish National Research Foundation; The European Research Council under the European Community's Seventh Framework Programme; Helsinki Institute of Physics; Academy of Finland; French CNRS-IN2P3; Region Pays de Loire; Region Alsace; Region Auvergne; CEA, France; German BMBF; Helmholtz Association; General Secretariat for Research and Technology, Ministry of Development, Greece; Hungarian OTKA; National Office for Research and Technology (NKTH); Department of Atomic Energy; Department of Science and Technology of the Government of India; Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN) of Italy; MEXT Grant-in-Aid for Specially Promoted Research, Japan; Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna; National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF); CONACYT, Mexico; DGAPA, Mexico; ALFA-EC; HELEN Program (High-Energy Physics Latin-American-European Network); Stichting voor Fundamenteel Onderzoek der Materie (FOM); Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek (NWO), Netherlands; Research Council of Norway (NFR); Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education; National Authority for Scientific Research-NASR (Autoritatea Nationala pentru Cercetare Stiintifica-ANCS); Federal Agency of Science of the Ministry of Education and Science of Russian Federation; International Science and Technology Center; Russian Academy of Sciences; Russian Federal Agency of Atomic Energy; Russian Federal Agency for Science and Innovations; CERN-INTAS; Ministry of Education of Slovakia; Department of Science and Technology, South Africa; CIEMAT; EELA; Ministerio de Educacion y Ciencia of Spain; Xunta de Galicia (Conselleria de Educacion); CEADEN; Cubaenergia, Cuba; IAEA (International Atomic Energy Agency); Swedish Research Council (VR); Knut & Alice Wallenberg Foundation (KAW); Ukraine Ministry of Education and Science; United Kingdom Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC); United States Department of Energy; United States National Science Foundation; State of Texas; State of Ohio FX The ALICE Collaboration would like to thank all its engineers and technicians for their invaluable contributions to the construction of the experiment and the CERN accelerator teams for the outstanding performance of the LHC complex. The ALICE Collaboration acknowledges the following funding agencies for their support in building and running the ALICE detector: Calouste Gulbenkian Foundation from Lisbon and Swiss Fonds Kidagan, Armenia; Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq), Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos (FINEP), Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo (FAPESP); National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC), the Chinese Ministry of Education (CMOE), and the Ministry of Science and Technology of China (MSTC); Ministry of Education and Youth of the Czech Republic; Danish Natural Science Research Council, the Carlsberg Foundation, and the Danish National Research Foundation; The European Research Council under the European Community's Seventh Framework Programme; Helsinki Institute of Physics and the Academy of Finland; French CNRS-IN2P3, the "Region Pays de Loire," "Region Alsace," "Region Auvergne," and CEA, France; German BMBF and the Helmholtz Association; General Secretariat for Research and Technology, Ministry of Development, Greece; Hungarian OTKA and National Office for Research and Technology (NKTH); Department of Atomic Energy and Department of Science and Technology of the Government of India; Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN) of Italy; MEXT Grant-in-Aid for Specially Promoted Research, Japan; Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna; National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF); CONACYT, DGAPA, Mexico, ALFA-EC, and the HELEN Program (High-Energy Physics Latin-American-European Network); Stichting voor Fundamenteel Onderzoek der Materie (FOM) and the Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek (NWO), Netherlands; Research Council of Norway (NFR); Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education; National Authority for Scientific Research-NASR (Autoritatea Nationala pentru Cercetare Stiintifica-ANCS); Federal Agency of Science of the Ministry of Education and Science of Russian Federation, International Science and Technology Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Russian Federal Agency of Atomic Energy, Russian Federal Agency for Science and Innovations and CERN-INTAS; Ministry of Education of Slovakia; Department of Science and Technology, South Africa; CIEMAT, EELA, Ministerio de Educacion y Ciencia of Spain, Xunta de Galicia (Conselleria de Educacion), CEADEN, Cubaenergia, Cuba, and IAEA (International Atomic Energy Agency); Swedish Research Council (VR) and Knut & Alice Wallenberg Foundation (KAW); Ukraine Ministry of Education and Science; United Kingdom Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC); the United States Department of Energy, the United States National Science Foundation, the State of Texas, and the State of Ohio. NR 27 TC 83 Z9 83 U1 0 U2 140 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JAN 2 PY 2013 VL 110 IS 1 AR 012301 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.110.012301 PG 11 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 063NH UT WOS:000313006100015 PM 23383780 ER PT J AU Dvorak, M Wei, SH Wu, ZG AF Dvorak, Marc Wei, Su-Huai Wu, Zhigang TI Origin of the Variation of Exciton Binding Energy in Semiconductors SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID AB-INITIO CALCULATION; LOCALIZED WANNIER FUNCTIONS; ELECTRON-HOLE EXCITATIONS; QUASI-PARTICLE; OPTICAL-SPECTRA; BAND-GAPS; INSULATORS AB Excitonic effects are crucial to optical properties, and the exciton binding energy E-b in technologically important semiconductors varies from merely a few meV to about 100 meV. This large variation, however, is not well understood. We investigate the relationship between the electronic band structures and exciton binding energies in semiconductors, employing first-principles calculations based on the density functional theory and the many-body perturbation theory using Green's functions. Our results clearly show that E-b increases as the localization of valence electrons increases due to the reduced electronic screening. Furthermore, E-b increases in ionic semiconductors such as ZnO because, contrary to the simple two-level coupling model, it has both conduction and valence band edge states strongly localized on anion sites, leading to an enhanced electron-hole interaction. These trends are quantized by electronic structures obtained from the density functional theory; thus, our approach can be applied to understand the excitonic effects in complex semiconducting materials. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.110.016402 C1 [Dvorak, Marc; Wu, Zhigang] Colorado Sch Mines, Dept Phys, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Wei, Su-Huai] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Dvorak, M (reprint author), Colorado Sch Mines, Dept Phys, Golden, CO 80401 USA. EM zhiwu@mines.edu RI Wu, Zhigang/K-2554-2014; OI Wu, Zhigang/0000-0001-8959-2345; Dvorak, Marc/0000-0001-9653-2674 FU U.S. DOE Early Career Award [DE-SC0006433]; CSM; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC36-08GO28308] FX This work at Colorado School of Mines (CSM) was supported by U.S. DOE Early Career Award (Grant No. DE-SC0006433) and the startup fund from CSM. The work at National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC36-08GO28308. Computations were carried out at the Golden Energy Computing Organization at the CSM and National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center (NERSC). Z. W. thanks M. Lusk and D. Wood for insightful discussions. NR 30 TC 50 Z9 50 U1 3 U2 86 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JAN 2 PY 2013 VL 110 IS 1 AR 016402 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.110.016402 PG 5 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 063NH UT WOS:000313006100036 PM 23383813 ER PT J AU Enoki, M Fujita, M Nishizaki, T Iikubo, S Singh, DK Chang, S Tranquada, JM Yamada, K AF Enoki, M. Fujita, M. Nishizaki, T. Iikubo, S. Singh, D. K. Chang, S. Tranquada, J. M. Yamada, K. TI Spin-Stripe Density Varies Linearly With the Hole Content in Single-Layer Bi2+xSr2-xCuO6+y Cuprate Superconductors SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID NEUTRON-SCATTERING; CHARGE; ORDER; FLUCTUATIONS; LA2-XSRXCUO4; TEMPERATURE; CRYSTALS AB We have performed inelastic neutron scattering measurements on the single-layer cuprate Bi2+xSr2-xCuO6+y (Bi2201) with x = 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, and 0.5, a doping range that spans the spin-glass to superconducting phase boundary. The doping evolution of low energy spin fluctuations ( less than or similar to 11 meV) was found to be characterized by a change in the incommensurate modulation wave vector from the tetragonal [110] to [100]/[010] directions, while maintaining a linear relation between the incommensurability and the hole concentration, delta approximate to p. In the superconducting regime, the spectral weight is strongly suppressed below similar to 4 meV. Similarities and differences in the spin correlations between Bi2201 and the prototypical single-layer system La2-xSrxCuO4 are discussed. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.110.017004 C1 [Enoki, M.] Tohoku Univ, Dept Phys, Sendai, Miyagi 9808578, Japan. [Fujita, M.; Nishizaki, T.] Tohoku Univ, Inst Mat Res, Sendai, Miyagi 9808577, Japan. [Iikubo, S.] Kyushu Inst Technol, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 8080196, Japan. [Singh, D. K.; Chang, S.] NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. [Singh, D. K.] Univ Maryland, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. [Tranquada, J. M.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Phys & Mat Sci Dept, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Yamada, K.] Tohoku Univ, WPI Adv Inst Mat Res, Sendai, Miyagi 9808577, Japan. RP Enoki, M (reprint author), Tohoku Univ, Dept Phys, Sendai, Miyagi 9808578, Japan. EM enoki@post.matsc.kyutech.ac.jp RI Tranquada, John/A-9832-2009; Yamada, Kazuyoshi/C-2728-2009; Nishizaki, Terukazu/C-1500-2011; Fujita, Masaki/D-8430-2013 OI Tranquada, John/0000-0003-4984-8857; FU Technology and Global COE Program "Materials Integration, Tohoku University", MEXT Japan; Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Science and Engineering, U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) [DE-AC02-98CH10886]; National Science Foundation [DMR-0454672]; [23340093] FX We are grateful to N. Kobayashi, T. Adachi, K. Kudo, R. He, Y. Koike, M. Mori, M. Hiraka, O. Sushkov, and H. Yamase for fruitful discussions. We would like to thank K. Tsutsumi and K. Sato for their help in the data analysis. M. E. is supported by the Technology and Global COE Program "Materials Integration, Tohoku University", MEXT Japan. M. F. is supported by the Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B) No. (23340093). J. M. T. is supported at Brookhaven by the Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Science and Engineering, U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), under Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886. SPINS at NCNR was supported by the National Science Foundation under Agreement No. DMR-0454672. The work at JRR-3 was partially performed under the Common-Use Facility Program of JAEA and joint research program of ISSP, the University of Tokyo. NR 40 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 2 U2 54 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JAN 2 PY 2013 VL 110 IS 1 AR 017004 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.110.017004 PG 5 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 063NH UT WOS:000313006100048 PM 23383829 ER PT J AU Gale, C Jeon, S Schenke, B Tribedy, P Venugopalan, R AF Gale, Charles Jeon, Sangyong Schenke, Bjoern Tribedy, Prithwish Venugopalan, Raju TI Event-by-Event Anisotropic Flow in Heavy-ion Collisions from Combined Yang-Mills and Viscous Fluid Dynamics SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID NUCLEUS-NUCLEUS COLLISIONS; FLUCTUATIONS AB Anisotropic flow coefficients v(1)-v(5) in heavy ion collisions are computed by combining a classical Yang-Mills description of the early time Glasma flow with the subsequent relativistic viscous hydrodynamic evolution of matter through the quark-gluon plasma and hadron gas phases. The Glasma dynamics, as realized in the impact parameter dependent Glasma (IP-Glasma) model, takes into account event-by-event geometric fluctuations in nucleon positions and intrinsic subnucleon scale color charge fluctuations; the preequilibrium flow of matter is then matched to the MUSIC algorithm describing viscous hydrodynamic flow and particle production at freeze-out. The IP-Glasma + MUSIC model describes well both transverse momentum dependent and integrated v(n) data measured at the Large Hadron Collider and the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider. The model also reproduces the event-by-event distributions of v(2), v(3) and v(4) measured by the ATLAS Collaboration. The implications of our results for better understanding of the dynamics of the Glasma and for the extraction of transport properties of the quark-gluon plasma are outlined. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.110.012302 C1 [Gale, Charles; Jeon, Sangyong] McGill Univ, Dept Phys, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada. [Schenke, Bjoern; Venugopalan, Raju] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Tribedy, Prithwish] Bhabha Atom Res Ctr, Ctr Variable Energy Cyclotron, Kolkata 700064, India. RP Gale, C (reprint author), McGill Univ, Dept Phys, 3600 Univ St, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada. FU DOE [DE-AC02-98CH10886]; BNL Lab Directed Research and Development grant; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Brookhaven Science Associates FX B. P. S. and R. V. are supported under DOE Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886 and acknowledge additional support from a BNL Lab Directed Research and Development grant. C. G. and S. J. are supported by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada. We gratefully acknowledge computer time on the Guillimin cluster at the CLUMEQ HPC Centre, a part of Compute Canada HPC facilities. B. P. S. gratefully acknowledges a Goldhaber Distinguished Fellowship from Brookhaven Science Associates. B. P. S. thanks G. Denicol and J. Jia for helpful discussions. NR 44 TC 203 Z9 203 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JAN 2 PY 2013 VL 110 IS 1 AR 012302 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.110.012302 PG 5 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 063NH UT WOS:000313006100016 PM 23383781 ER PT J AU Kim, MS Aronson, MC AF Kim, M. S. Aronson, M. C. TI Spin Liquids and Antiferromagnetic Order in the Shastry-Sutherland-Lattice Compound Yb2Pt2Pb SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID QUANTUM CRITICAL-POINT; RARE-EARTH TETRABORIDES; PHASE-TRANSITIONS; GROUND-STATE; FERMI-SURFACE; SYSTEM; SRCU2(BO3)(2); CRITICALITY; MODEL; CONDENSATION AB We present measurements of the magnetic susceptibility chi and the magnetization M of single crystals of metallic Yb2Pt2Pb, where localized Yb moments lie on the dimerized and frustrated Shastry-Sutherland lattice (SSL). Strong magnetic frustration is found in this quasi-two-dimensional system, which orders antiferromagnetically at T-N = 2.02 K from a paramagnetic liquid of Yb dimers, having a gap Delta = 4.6 K between the singlet ground state and the triplet excited states. Magnetic fields suppress the antiferromagnetic (AF) order, which vanishes at a 1.23 T quantum critical point. The spin gap Delta persists to 1.5 T, indicating that dimer singlets survive the collapse of the B = 0 AF state. Quantized steps are observed in M(B) within the AF state, a signature of SSL systems. Our results show that Yb2Pt2Pb is unique, both as a metallic SSL system that is close to an AF quantum critical point, and as a heavy fermion compound where quantum frustration plays a decisive role. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.110.017201 C1 [Kim, M. S.; Aronson, M. C.] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. [Aronson, M. C.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Kim, MS (reprint author), SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. FU National Science Foundation Grant [NSF-DMR-0907457] FX The authors thank J. Sereni and M. Jaime for enlightening discussions. This work was supported by National Science Foundation Grant No. NSF-DMR-0907457. After this paper was submitted, we became aware of a recent publication [57] that also reports the field and temperature dependent magnetization and specific heat of Yb2Pt2Pb. NR 55 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 2 U2 64 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JAN 2 PY 2013 VL 110 IS 1 AR 017201 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.110.017201 PG 6 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 063NH UT WOS:000313006100050 PM 23383832 ER PT J AU Lawrence, EE Ji, HT Yamada, M Yoo, J AF Lawrence, Eric E. Ji, Hantao Yamada, Masaaki Yoo, Jongsoo TI Laboratory Study of Hall Reconnection in Partially Ionized Plasmas SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID COLLISIONLESS MAGNETIC RECONNECTION; SHEETS; WAVES; GASES AB The effects of partial ionization (n(i)/n(n) less than or similar to 1%) on magnetic reconnection in the Hall regime have been studied systematically in the Magnetic Reconnection Experiment. It is shown that, when neutrals are added, the Hall quadrupole field pattern and thus electron flow are unchanged while the ion outflow speed is reduced due to ion-neutral drag. However, in contrast to theoretical predictions, the ion diffusion layer width does not change appreciably. Therefore, the total ion outflow flux and the normalized reconnection rate are reduced. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.110.015001 C1 [Lawrence, Eric E.; Ji, Hantao; Yamada, Masaaki; Yoo, Jongsoo] Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Lawrence, EE (reprint author), Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RI Yamada, Masaaki/D-7824-2015; OI Yamada, Masaaki/0000-0003-4996-1649; Yoo, Jongsoo/0000-0003-3881-1995 FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-09CH11466] FX We thank L. Malyshkin and E. Zweibel for many useful discussions and R. Cutler and P. Sloboda for providing technical expertise. This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-09CH11466. NR 29 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 12 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JAN 2 PY 2013 VL 110 IS 1 AR 015001 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.110.015001 PG 5 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 063NH UT WOS:000313006100027 PM 23383799 ER PT J AU Lin, J Matveev, KA Pustilnik, M AF Lin, Jie Matveev, K. A. Pustilnik, M. TI Thermalization of Acoustic Excitations in a Strongly Interacting One-Dimensional Quantum Liquid SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID WIGNER CRYSTAL; FLUIDS AB We study inelastic decay of bosonic excitations in a Luttinger liquid. In a model with a linear excitation spectrum the decay rate diverges. We show that this difficulty is resolved when the interaction between constituent particles is strong, and the excitation spectrum is nonlinear. Although at low energies the nonlinearity is weak, it regularizes the divergence in the decay rate. We develop a theoretical description of the approach of the system to thermal equilibrium. The typical relaxation rate scales as the fifth power of temperature. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.110.016401 C1 [Lin, Jie; Matveev, K. A.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Pustilnik, M.] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Phys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. RP Lin, J (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. FU U.S. DOE, Office of Science [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; Aspen Center for Physics (NSF) [1066293]; Galileo Galilei Institute for Theoretical Physics; INFN; Kavli Institute for Theoretical Physics at UCSB (NSF) [PHY11-25915] FX The work at Argonne National Laboratory is supported by the U.S. DOE, Office of Science, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. K. A. M. and M. P. are grateful to the Aspen Center for Physics (NSF Grant No. 1066293), where part of this work was performed. M. P. thanks the Galileo Galilei Institute for Theoretical Physics and the INFN and the Kavli Institute for Theoretical Physics at UCSB (NSF Grant No. PHY11-25915) for their warm hospitality and partial support during the completion of this project. NR 19 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JAN 2 PY 2013 VL 110 IS 1 AR 016401 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.110.016401 PG 5 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 063NH UT WOS:000313006100035 PM 23383812 ER PT J AU Lincoln, DL Holt, JD Bollen, G Brodeur, M Bustabad, S Engel, J Novario, SJ Redshaw, M Ringle, R Schwarz, S AF Lincoln, David L. Holt, Jason D. Bollen, Georg Brodeur, Maxime Bustabad, Scott Engel, Jonathan Novario, Samuel J. Redshaw, Matthew Ringle, Ryan Schwarz, Stefan TI First Direct Double-beta Decay Q-Value Measurement of Se-82 in Support of Understanding the Nature of the Neutrino SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID TRAP MASS-SPECTROMETER; PENNING-TRAP; ACCURACY AB In anticipation of results from current and future double-beta decay studies, we report a measurement resulting in a Se-82 double-beta decay Q value of 2997.9(3) keV, an order of magnitude more precise than the currently accepted value. We also present preliminary results of a calculation of the Se-82 neutrinoless double-beta decay nuclear matrix element that corrects in part for the small size of the shell model single-particle space. The results of this work are important for designing next generation double-beta decay experiments and for the theoretical interpretations of their observations. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.110.012501 C1 [Lincoln, David L.; Bollen, Georg; Bustabad, Scott; Novario, Samuel J.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Lincoln, David L.; Bollen, Georg; Brodeur, Maxime; Bustabad, Scott; Novario, Samuel J.; Redshaw, Matthew; Ringle, Ryan; Schwarz, Stefan] Michigan State Univ, Natl Superconducting Cyclotron Lab, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Holt, Jason D.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Holt, Jason D.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Holt, Jason D.] Tech Univ Darmstadt, Inst Kernphys, D-64289 Darmstadt, Germany. [Holt, Jason D.] GSI Helmholtzzentrum Schwerionenforsch GmbH, ExtreMe Matter Inst EMMI, D-64291 Darmstadt, Germany. [Engel, Jonathan] Univ N Carolina, Dept Phys & Astron, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Redshaw, Matthew] Cent Michigan Univ, Dept Phys, Mt Pleasant, MI 48859 USA. RP Lincoln, DL (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. EM lincoln@nscl.msu.edu FU National Science Foundation [PHY-11-02511]; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-FG02-97ER41019, DE-FC02-07ER41457, DE-FG02-96ER40963]; BMBF [06DA70471]; Michigan State University FX We wish to acknowledge the support of Michigan State University, the National Science Foundation under Cooperative Agreement No. PHY-11-02511, the U.S. Department of Energy under Contracts No. DE-FG02-97ER41019, No. DE-FC02-07ER41457 (UNEDF SciDAC Collaboration), No. DE-FG02-96ER40963 (U. T), and the BMBF under Contract No. 06DA70471. NR 42 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 2 U2 20 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JAN 2 PY 2013 VL 110 IS 1 AR 012501 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.110.012501 PG 5 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 063NH UT WOS:000313006100017 PM 23383782 ER PT J AU Nakamura, SN Matsumura, A Okayasu, Y Seva, T Rodriguez, VM Baturin, P Yuan, L Acha, A Ahmidouch, A Androic, D Asaturyan, A Asaturyan, R Baker, OK Benmokhtar, F Bosted, P Carlini, R Chen, C Christy, M Cole, L Danagoulian, S Daniel, A Dharmawardane, V Egiyan, K Elaasar, M Ent, R Fenker, H Fujii, Y Furic, M Gan, L Gaskell, D Gasparian, A Gibson, EF Gogami, T Gueye, P Han, Y Hashimoto, O Hiyama, E Honda, D Horn, T Hu, B Hungerford, EV Jayalath, C Jones, M Johnston, K Kalantarians, N Kanda, H Kaneta, M Kato, F Kato, S Kawama, D Keppel, C Lan, KJ Luo, W Mack, D Maeda, K Malace, S Margaryan, A Marikyan, G Markowitz, P Maruta, T Maruyama, N Miyoshi, T Mkrtchyan, A Mkrtchyan, H Nagao, S Navasardyan, T Niculescu, G Niculescu, MI Nomura, H Nonaka, K Ohtani, A Oyamada, M Perez, N Petkovic, T Randeniya, S Reinhold, J Roche, J Sato, Y Segbefia, EK Simicevic, N Smith, G Song, Y Sumihama, M Tadevosyan, V Takahashi, T Tang, L Tsukada, K Tvaskis, V Vulcan, W Wells, S Wood, SA Yan, C Zhamkochyan, S AF Nakamura, S. N. Matsumura, A. Okayasu, Y. Seva, T. Rodriguez, V. M. Baturin, P. Yuan, L. Acha, A. Ahmidouch, A. Androic, D. Asaturyan, A. Asaturyan, R. Baker, O. K. Benmokhtar, F. Bosted, P. Carlini, R. Chen, C. Christy, M. Cole, L. Danagoulian, S. Daniel, A. Dharmawardane, V. Egiyan, K. Elaasar, M. Ent, R. Fenker, H. Fujii, Y. Furic, M. Gan, L. Gaskell, D. Gasparian, A. Gibson, E. F. Gogami, T. Gueye, P. Han, Y. Hashimoto, O. Hiyama, E. Honda, D. Horn, T. Hu, B. Hungerford, Ed V. Jayalath, C. Jones, M. Johnston, K. Kalantarians, N. Kanda, H. Kaneta, M. Kato, F. Kato, S. Kawama, D. Keppel, C. Lan, K. J. Luo, W. Mack, D. Maeda, K. Malace, S. Margaryan, A. Marikyan, G. Markowitz, P. Maruta, T. Maruyama, N. Miyoshi, T. Mkrtchyan, A. Mkrtchyan, H. Nagao, S. Navasardyan, T. Niculescu, G. Niculescu, M. -I. Nomura, H. Nonaka, K. Ohtani, A. Oyamada, M. Perez, N. Petkovic, T. Randeniya, S. Reinhold, J. Roche, J. Sato, Y. Segbefia, E. K. Simicevic, N. Smith, G. Song, Y. Sumihama, M. Tadevosyan, V. Takahashi, T. Tang, L. Tsukada, K. Tvaskis, V. Vulcan, W. Wells, S. Wood, S. A. Yan, C. Zhamkochyan, S. CA HKS JLab E01-011 Collaboration TI Observation of the (7)(Lambda) He Hypernucleus by the (e, e ' K+) Reaction SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID 4-BODY CLUSTER MODEL; ELECTROPRODUCTION; BE-10(LAMBDA); LAMBDA AB An experiment with a newly developed high-resolution kaon spectrometer and a scattered electron spectrometer with a novel configuration was performed in Hall C at Jefferson Lab. The ground state of a neutron-rich hypernucleus, (7)(Lambda) He, was observed for the first time with the (e, e' K+) reaction with an energy resolution of similar to 0.6 MeV. This resolution is the best reported to date for hypernuclear reaction spectroscopy. The (7)(Lambda) He binding energy supplies the last missing information of the A = 7, T = 1 hypernuclear isotriplet, providing a new input for the charge symmetry breaking effect of the Lambda N potential. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.110.012502 C1 [Nakamura, S. N.; Matsumura, A.; Okayasu, Y.; Fujii, Y.; Gogami, T.; Hashimoto, O.; Honda, D.; Kanda, H.; Kaneta, M.; Kato, F.; Kawama, D.; Maeda, K.; Maruta, T.; Maruyama, N.; Nagao, S.; Nomura, H.; Nonaka, K.; Ohtani, A.; Oyamada, M.; Sumihama, M.; Takahashi, T.; Tsukada, K.; HKS JLab E01-011 Collaboration] Tohoku Univ, Grad Sch Sci, Sendai, Miyagi 9808578, Japan. [Seva, T.; Androic, D.; Furic, M.; Petkovic, T.] Univ Zagreb, Dept Phys, HR-41001 Zagreb, Croatia. [Seva, T.; Androic, D.; Furic, M.; Petkovic, T.] Univ Zagreb, Dept Appl Phys, HR-41001 Zagreb, Croatia. [Rodriguez, V. M.; Daniel, A.; Hungerford, Ed V.; Kalantarians, N.; Lan, K. J.; Miyoshi, T.; Randeniya, S.] Univ Houston, Dept Phys, Houston, TX 77204 USA. [Baturin, P.; Acha, A.; Markowitz, P.; Perez, N.; Reinhold, J.] Florida Int Univ, Dept Phys, Miami, FL 33199 USA. [Yuan, L.; Baker, O. K.; Chen, C.; Christy, M.; Cole, L.; Ent, R.; Gueye, P.; Han, Y.; Jayalath, C.; Keppel, C.; Malace, S.; Segbefia, E. K.; Tang, L.; Tvaskis, V.] Hampton Univ, Dept Phys, Hampton, VA 23668 USA. [Ahmidouch, A.; Danagoulian, S.; Gasparian, A.] N Carolina Agr & Tech State Univ, Dept Phys, Greensboro, NC 27411 USA. [Asaturyan, A.; Asaturyan, R.; Egiyan, K.; Margaryan, A.; Marikyan, G.; Mkrtchyan, A.; Mkrtchyan, H.; Navasardyan, T.; Tadevosyan, V.; Zhamkochyan, S.] Yerevan Phys Inst, Yerevan 0036, Armenia. [Benmokhtar, F.; Horn, T.] Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Bosted, P.; Carlini, R.; Dharmawardane, V.; Ent, R.; Fenker, H.; Gaskell, D.; Jones, M.; Keppel, C.; Mack, D.; Roche, J.; Smith, G.; Tang, L.; Vulcan, W.; Wood, S. A.; Yan, C.] Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. [Elaasar, M.] So Univ New Orleans, Dept Phys, New Orleans, LA 70126 USA. [Gan, L.] Univ N Carolina Wilmington, Dept Phys, Wilmington, NC 28403 USA. [Gibson, E. F.] Calif State Univ Sacramento, Dept Phys & Astron, Sacramento, CA 95819 USA. [Hiyama, E.] RIKEN, Inst Phys & Chem Res, Wako, Saitama 3510198, Japan. [Hu, B.; Luo, W.; Song, Y.] Lanzhou Univ, Inst Nucl Phys, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, Peoples R China. [Johnston, K.; Simicevic, N.; Wells, S.] Louisiana Tech Univ, Dept Phys, Ruston, LA 71272 USA. [Kato, S.] Yamagata Univ, Fac Sci, Yamagata 9908560, Japan. [Niculescu, G.; Niculescu, M. -I.] James Madison Univ, Dept Phys, Harrisonburg, VA 22807 USA. [Sato, Y.] High Energy Accelerator Org, Inst Particle & Nucl Studies, KEK, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050801, Japan. RP Nakamura, SN (reprint author), Tohoku Univ, Grad Sch Sci, Sendai, Miyagi 9808578, Japan. RI Fujii, Yu/D-3413-2015; Hiyama, Emiko/N-6413-2015; Androic, Darko/A-7482-2008 OI Fujii, Yu/0000-0001-6625-2241; Hiyama, Emiko/0000-0002-6352-5766; FU Japan-MEXT [16GS0201, 15684005, 12002001, 08239102, 09304028, 09554007, 11440070, 15204014]; Japan-U.S. collaborative research program; core-to-core program [21002]; JSPS [R2201]; U.S.-DOE [DE-AC05-84ER40150, DE-FG02-99ER41065, DE-FG02-97ER41047, DE-AC02-06CH11357, DE-FG02-00ER41110, DE-AC02-98-CH10886]; U.S.-NSF [013815, 0758095] FX We acknowledge continuous support and encouragement from the staff of the Jefferson Lab physics, accelerator and engineering divisions. The hypernuclear programs at JLab Hall C are supported by Japan-MEXT Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research (No. 16GS0201, No. 15684005, No. 12002001, No. 08239102, No. 09304028, No. 09554007, No. 11440070, and No. 15204014), the Japan-U.S. collaborative research program, the core-to-core program (21002), the strategic young researcher overseas visits program for accelerating brain circulation (R2201) by JSPS, U.S.-DOE Contracts (No. DE-AC05-84ER40150, No. DE-FG02-99ER41065, No. DE-FG02-97ER41047, No. DE-AC02-06CH11357, No. DE-FG02-00ER41110, and No. DE-AC02-98-CH10886) and U.S.-NSF (Contract No. 013815,0758095). NR 21 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JAN 2 PY 2013 VL 110 IS 1 AR 012502 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.110.012502 PG 5 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 063NH UT WOS:000313006100018 PM 23383783 ER PT S AU Michelogiannakis, G Li, XYS Bailey, DH Shalf, J AF Michelogiannakis, George Li, Xiaoye S. Bailey, David H. Shalf, John GP IEEE TI Extending Summation Precision for Network Reduction Operations SO 2013 25TH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON COMPUTER ARCHITECTURE AND HIGH PERFORMANCE COMPUTING (SBAC-PAD) SE International Symposium on Computer Architecture and High Performance Computing LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 25th International Symposium on Computer Architecture and High Performance Computing (SBAC-PAD) CY OCT 23-26, 2013 CL BRAZIL SP IEEE Comp Soc, Brazilian Comp Soc, IEEE Comp Soc Tech Comm Comp Architecture, IEEE Comp Soc Tech Comm Scalable Comp, Int Federat Informat Proc, CAPES, CNPq, FACEPE, Univ Fed Pernambuco, AMD, CRAY, IBM, Intel, SGI, Scherm, IEEE, RISC, Univ Fed Minas Gerais, UNICAMP, Univ Fed Fluminense, UCIrvine AB Double precision summation is at the core of numerous important algorithms such as Newton-Krylov methods and other operations involving inner products, but the effectiveness of summation is limited by the accumulation of rounding errors, which are an increasing problem with the scaling of modern HPC systems and data sets. To reduce the impact of precision loss, researchers have proposed increased- and arbitrary-precision libraries that provide reproducible error or even bounded error accumulation for large sums, but do not guarantee an exact result. Such libraries can also increase computation time significantly. We propose big integer (BigInt) expansions of double precision variables that enable arbitrarily large summations without error and provide exact and reproducible results. This is feasible with performance comparable to that of double-precision floating point summation, by the inclusion of simple and inexpensive logic into modern NICs to accelerate performance on large-scale systems. C1 [Michelogiannakis, George; Li, Xiaoye S.; Bailey, David H.; Shalf, John] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Michelogiannakis, G (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM mihelog@lbl.gov; xsli@lbl.gov; dhbailey@lbl.gov; jshalf@lbl.gov NR 45 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1550-6533 BN 978-1-4799-2927-6 J9 INT SYM COMP ARCHIT PY 2013 BP 41 EP 48 DI 10.1109/SBAC-PAD.2013.14 PG 8 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BB7PR UT WOS:000345905800006 ER PT S AU Binotto, APD Doering, D Stetzelberger, T McVittie, P Zimmermann, S Pereira, CE AF Delazari Binotto, Alecio Pedro Doering, Dionisio Stetzelberger, Thorsten McVittie, Patrick Zimmermann, Sergio Pereira, Carlos Eduardo GP IEEE TI A CPU, GPU, FPGA System for X-ray Image Processing using High-speed Scientific Cameras SO 2013 25TH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON COMPUTER ARCHITECTURE AND HIGH PERFORMANCE COMPUTING (SBAC-PAD) SE International Symposium on Computer Architecture and High Performance Computing LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 25th International Symposium on Computer Architecture and High Performance Computing (SBAC-PAD) CY OCT 23-26, 2013 CL BRAZIL SP IEEE Comp Soc, Brazilian Comp Soc, IEEE Comp Soc Tech Comm Comp Architecture, IEEE Comp Soc Tech Comm Scalable Comp, Int Federat Informat Proc, CAPES, CNPq, FACEPE, Univ Fed Pernambuco, AMD, CRAY, IBM, Intel, SGI, Scherm, IEEE, RISC, Univ Fed Minas Gerais, UNICAMP, Univ Fed Fluminense, UCIrvine DE GPU; FPGA; High-speed x-ray cameras; Heterogeneous systems; Dynamic scheduling; Linear integration ID HETEROGENEOUS ARCHITECTURES; RUNTIME AB Currently, computers can be composed of different Processing Units (PUs) - general-purpose and also programmable and specialist-purpose. One of the goals for such heterogeneity is to improve applications' performance. Particularly, scientific applications can highly benefit from this kind of platform. They produce large amounts of data within several types of algorithms; and distinct PUs are an alternative to better execute such tasks. This work presents a new system box - composed of CPU, GPU, and FPGA - to carry on site X-ray image evaluations. It was firstly tested by evaluating the performance of a Linear Integration (LI) algorithm over the PUs. This algorithm is largely used by synchrotron experiments in which high-speed X-ray cameras produce extremely large amounts of data for post-processing analysis, which includes performing LI. In our experiments, LI execution was around 30x faster in FPGA compared to CPU, achieving a similar performance to GPU. Taking the end-to-end application, i.e, image transfer into memory, this rate increases to hundreds. Issues for using FPGAs as a co-processor under our dynamic scheduling framework is also discussed. Synthesizing times for LI when assigned to FPGA are still too long for dynamic scheduling, preventing online synthesizing of functions not designed a priori. C1 [Delazari Binotto, Alecio Pedro; Doering, Dionisio; Stetzelberger, Thorsten; McVittie, Patrick; Zimmermann, Sergio] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Delazari Binotto, Alecio Pedro; Doering, Dionisio; Pereira, Carlos Eduardo] UFRGS Fed Univ Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. [Doering, Dionisio] IBM Res Brazil, Sao Paulo, Brazil. RP Binotto, APD (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM abinotto@br.ibm.com; dionisio.doering@ufrgs.br; tstezelberger@lbl.gov; pjmcvittie@lbl.gov; szimmermann@lbl.gov; cpereira@ece.ufrgs.br NR 23 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1550-6533 BN 978-1-4799-2927-6 J9 INT SYM COMP ARCHIT PY 2013 BP 113 EP 119 DI 10.1109/SBAC-PAD.2013.1 PG 7 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BB7PR UT WOS:000345905800015 ER PT S AU Aines, RD Spaddaccini, CM Duoss, EB Stolaroff, JK Vericella, J Lewis, JA Farthing, G AF Aines, Roger D. Spaddaccini, Christopher M. Duoss, Eric B. Stolaroff, Joshuah K. Vericella, John Lewis, Jennifer A. Farthing, George BE Dixon, T Yamaji, K TI Encapsulated Solvents for Carbon Dioxide Capture SO GHGT-11 SE Energy Procedia LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Greenhouse Gas Technologies (GHGT) CY NOV 18-22, 2012 CL Kyoto, JAPAN DE Carbon capture; solvents; sorbents AB Many attractive options for carbon capture solvents suffer from high viscosity, making it difficult to generate large surface areas for fast absorption, and amine-based aqueous liquids suffer from potential environmental impacts from solvent release. As part of a US-DOE ARPA-E program, a team from the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Babcock and Wilcox, and Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory have created a new encapsulated form of carbon capture solvents in which the operating fluid, amines or carbonates in our tests to date, is enclosed in a thin polymer shell forming 200-400 mu m beads. While mass transport across the polymer shell is reduced compared to the neat liquid, the large surface area of the beads lessens this disadvantage. The liquid, as well as any degradation products or precipitates, remains encapsulated within the beads, which can be thermally regenerated repeatedly. Encapsulated solvents have the capacity of liquids and the physical behavior of solid sorbents. We imagine them to be useful in fairly conventional-style capture applications, as well as exotic new approaches facilitated by their high surface area. The beads appear to be both chemically and mechanically stable under typical industrial conditions. Examples of the engineering constraints that the beads must satisfy for several application strategies, including their use in fluidized beds, will be presented. To date we have encapsulated MEA, piperazine, and a variety of carbonate solutions, which appear to be optimal for this application. We have demonstrated rapid CO2 uptake and desorption using colorimetric methods, which permit rapid spectroscopic determination of the extent of CO2 uptake and release (shown to the left, loaded form is yellow). Carbonate capsules are created using a silicone polymer shell which is both rugged and permeable to CO2. Results of mechanical/thermal cycling tests demonstrate long-term stability of silicone-encapsulated carbonate. (C) 2013 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Aines, Roger D.; Spaddaccini, Christopher M.; Duoss, Eric B.; Stolaroff, Joshuah K.; Vericella, John] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Lewis, Jennifer A.] Univ Illinois, Chicago, IL 60680 USA. [Farthing, George] Babcock & Wilcox Co, Barberton, OH 44203 USA. RP Aines, RD (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM aines1@llnl.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy by University of California, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [W-7405-Eng-48] FX This work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by University of California, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract W-7405-Eng-48. NR 3 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1876-6102 J9 ENRGY PROCED PY 2013 VL 37 BP 219 EP 224 DI 10.1016/j.egypro.2013.05.105 PG 6 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science GA BB7FR UT WOS:000345500500028 ER PT S AU Zhang, J Kutnyakov, I Koech, PK Zwoster, A Howard, C Zheng, F Freeman, CJ Heldebrant, DJ AF Zhang, Jian Kutnyakov, Igor Koech, Phillip K. Zwoster, Andy Howard, Chris Zheng, Feng Freeman, Charles J. Heldebrant, David J. BE Dixon, T Yamaji, K TI CO2-Binding-Organic-Liquids-Enhanced CO2 Capture using Polarity-Swing-Assisted Regeneration SO GHGT-11 SE Energy Procedia LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Greenhouse Gas Technologies (GHGT) CY NOV 18-22, 2012 CL Kyoto, JAPAN DE CO2BOL; switchable ionic liquid; PSAR ID N-HEXANE; SYSTEMS; HEATS AB A new solvent-based CO2 capture process couples the unique attributes of non-aqueous, CO2-binding organic liquids (CO(2)BOLs) with the newly discovered polarity-swing-assisted regeneration (PSAR) process that is unique to switchable ionic liquids. Laboratory measurements with PSAR indicate the ability to achieve a regeneration effect at 75 degrees C compared to a temperature of 120 degrees C using thermal regeneration only. Initial measurements also indicate the kinetic behavior of CO2 release is also improved with PSAR. (C) 2013 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Zhang, Jian; Kutnyakov, Igor; Koech, Phillip K.; Zwoster, Andy; Howard, Chris; Zheng, Feng; Freeman, Charles J.; Heldebrant, David J.] Battelle Pacific Northwest Div, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Zhang, J (reprint author), Battelle Pacific Northwest Div, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RI Zheng, Feng/C-7678-2009; OI Zheng, Feng/0000-0002-5427-1303; Koech, Phillip/0000-0003-2996-0593 NR 10 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1876-6102 J9 ENRGY PROCED PY 2013 VL 37 BP 285 EP 291 DI 10.1016/j.egypro.2013.05.113 PG 7 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science GA BB7FR UT WOS:000345500500036 ER PT S AU Jones, D Mcvey, T Friedmann, J AF Jones, Dale McVey, Thomas Friedmann, Julio BE Dixon, T Yamaji, K TI Location-Specific Technoeconomic Evaluation of a Novel Amine Technology SO GHGT-11 SE Energy Procedia LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Greenhouse Gas Technologies (GHGT) CY NOV 18-22, 2012 CL Kyoto, JAPAN DE Carbon capture; process economics; gas absorption; amines; technoeconomics; carbon dioxide; greenhouse gas AB A novel amine capture technology for CO2 emissions has been developed by Huaneng/Xi'an Thermal Power Research Institute. Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), on behalf of the U.S.-China Clean Energy Research Center, has evaluated the technology using location-specific economic parameters to reflect power generation loss from a coal-fired power generation plant due to amine regeneration, the necessary utility constraints and investment, and the constraints of the location. The conceptual design used for cost estimates consists of a pre-absorption cooler (cooling by injection of water directly into the flue gas was not feasible because of 100% flue gas humidity post-flue gas desulfurizer), an absorber with a spray stage to minimize evaporative amine losses; an economizing heat exchanger and trim heaters and coolers: a stripper with a reboiler and condenser to recover absorbed CO2; a five-stage CO2 compression train with intercooling and water removal; and an ion exchange process to control build-up of heat-stable salts by treating a bleed stream from the lean amine stream. We conclude that Huaneng's novel amine composition, because of the use of hindered and tertiary amines, has a lower heat of regeneration and hence reduces the power generation penalty. Further, we assess that the hindered and tertiary amines are less susceptible to thermal and oxidative degradation, although they are still susceptible to degradation by reaction with CO2. We estimate the reduced power generation penalty and reduced solvent degradation gives a modest but tangible cost advantage relative to 30% MEA. Among the location-specific constraints we have identified are: limited ability to cool incoming flue gas by water injection because of high humidity; and poor soil conditions that would require extensive civil engineering prior to plant construction. These differences we assess will increase the cost of implementing an amine-based capture technology over costs based on assumed greenfield construction. (C) 2013 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Jones, Dale; McVey, Thomas; Friedmann, Julio] LLNL, Enercy & Environm Program, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Mcvey, T (reprint author), LLNL, Enercy & Environm Program, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM mcvey2@llnl.gov NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1876-6102 J9 ENRGY PROCED PY 2013 VL 37 BP 407 EP 416 DI 10.1016/j.egypro.2013.05.125 PG 10 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science GA BB7FR UT WOS:000345500500048 ER PT S AU Borgert, KJ Rubin, ES AF Borgert, Kyle J. Rubin, Edward S. BE Dixon, T Yamaji, K TI Oxyfuel combustion: technical and economic considerations for the development of carbon capture from pulverized coal power plants SO GHGT-11 SE Energy Procedia LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Greenhouse Gas Technologies (GHGT) CY NOV 18-22, 2012 CL Kyoto, JAPAN DE CO2 Capture and storage; Oxyfuel; Avoidance cost; LCOE ID CCS AB Oxyfuel has been hoped by many to provide the "step-change" in performance needed to drive down the avoidance cost of carbon capture from pulverized coal plants. To investigate this possibility, a technoeconomic oxyfuel model was constructed. The model was exercised to explore the effect on CO2 avoidance cost and LCOE from several key parameters, namely: CO2 purity, oxidant purity. CPU and ASU performance and cost, coal composition, and geographic location. Monte-Carlo techniques were then used to generate distributions for CO2 avoidance cost and LCOE which were compared to costs for a representative amine based post-combustion capture system. Results indicate that increasing restrictions on CO2 exit purity will translate directly to higher avoidance costs. Consequently, any future pipeline purity standards should seek to balance costs with safety concerns and storage capacity limitations. A trade-off between equipment downsizing and energy of separation for oxidant purity was identified and found to be optimized in the 95-97% oxygen range. The effect of oxidant purity on CO2 transport cost is small (-2%) compared to the effects of CO2 exit purity (-15%). Both represent changes to a cost which amounts to only about 5% of the total avoidance cost. Stochastic modeling results provide evidence that oxyfuel technology is unlikely to be competitive with post-combustion capture for a number of coal types, especially those high in sulfur. Oxyfuel appears most promising for use with low-sulfur coals and is capable of delivering lower avoidance costs than amine-based capture when operated with co-capture of SO2 and non-condensable gases. (C) 2013 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. Open access under CC BY-NC-ND license, Selection and/or peer-review under responsibility of GHGT C1 [Borgert, Kyle J.; Rubin, Edward S.] Reg Univ Alliance NETL RUA, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Pittsburgh, PA 15217 USA. RP Rubin, ES (reprint author), Reg Univ Alliance NETL RUA, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Pittsburgh, PA 15217 USA. EM kborbert@andrew.cmu.edu NR 23 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1876-6102 J9 ENRGY PROCED PY 2013 VL 37 BP 1291 EP 1300 DI 10.1016/j.egypro.2013.06.004 PG 10 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science GA BB7FR UT WOS:000345500501060 ER PT S AU Dooley, JJ Kyle, P Davies, EGR AF Dooley, James J. Kyle, Page Davies, Evan G. R. BE Dixon, T Yamaji, K TI Climate mitigation's impact on global and regional electric power sector water use in the 21st Century SO GHGT-11 SE Energy Procedia LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Greenhouse Gas Technologies (GHGT) CY NOV 18-22, 2012 CL Kyoto, JAPAN DE carbon dioxide capture and storage; water consumption; water withdrawl; climate mitigation; integrated assessment; electric power generation ID TRANSPORTATION; STABILIZATION; FOOTPRINT; BIOENERGY AB Over the course of this coming century, global electricity use is expected to grow at least five fold and if stringent greenhouse gas emissions controls are in place the growth could be more than seven fold from current levels. Given that the electric power sector represents the second largest industrial use of water and given growing concerns about the nature and extent of future water scarcity driven by population growth and a changing climate, significant concern has been expressed about the electricity sector's use of water going forward. In this paper, the authors demonstrate that an often overlooked but absolutely critical issue that needs to be taken into account in discussions about the sustainability of the electric sector's water use going forward is the tremendous turn over in electricity capital stock that will occur over the course of this century; i.e., in the scenarios examined here more than 80% of global electricity production in the year 2050 is from facilities that have not yet been built. The authors show that because of the large scale changes in the global electricity system, the water withdrawal intensity of electricity production is likely to drop precipitously with the result being relatively constant water withdrawals over the course of the century even in the face of the large growth in electricity usage. The ability to cost effectively reduce the water intensity of power plants with carbon dioxide capture and storage systems in particular is key to constraining overall global water use. (C) 2013 Battelle Memorial Institute and Evan G. R. Davies. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Dooley, James J.; Kyle, Page] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Joint Global Change Res Inst, College Pk, MD 20740 USA. [Davies, Evan G. R.] Univ Alberta, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Edmonton, AB T6G 2M7, Canada. RP Dooley, JJ (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Joint Global Change Res Inst, College Pk, MD 20740 USA. EM jj.dooley@panl.gov RI Davies, Evan/A-3379-2008 OI Davies, Evan/0000-0003-0536-333X FU Integrated Assessment Research Program in the Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC05-76RL01830] FX This research used Evergreen computing resources at the Pacific Northwest National Joint Global Change Research Institute at the University of Maryland in College Park, which is supported by the Integrated Assessment Research Program in the Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC05-76RL01830. NR 25 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1876-6102 J9 ENRGY PROCED PY 2013 VL 37 BP 2470 EP 2478 DI 10.1016/j.egypro.2013.06.128 PG 9 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science GA BB7FR UT WOS:000345500502073 ER PT S AU Klapperich, RJ Cowan, RM Gorecki, CD Liu, G Bremer, JM Holubnyak, YI Kalenze, NS Knudsen, DJ Saini, D Botnen, LS LaBonte, JL Stepan, DJ Steadman, EN Harju, JA Basava-Reddi, L McNemar, A AF Klapperich, R. J. Cowan, R. M. Gorecki, C. D. Liu, G. Bremer, J. M. Holubnyak, Y. I. Kalenze, N. S. Knudsen, D. J. Saini, D. Botnen, L. S. LaBonte, J. L. Stepan, D. J. Steadman, E. N. Harju, J. A. Basava-Reddi, L. McNemar, A. BE Dixon, T Yamaji, K TI IEAGHG Investigation of Extraction of Formation Water from CO2 Storage SO GHGT-11 SE Energy Procedia LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Greenhouse Gas Technologies (GHGT) CY NOV 18-22, 2012 CL Kyoto, JAPAN DE Water extraction; CO2 storage; storage capacity; benefical use; monitoring; verification; accounting ID SEQUESTRATION; MANAGEMENT; CAPTURE AB The Energy & Environmental Research Center has conducted an analysis of formation water extraction from carbon dioxide (CO2) storage reservoirs under joint sponsorship from the LEA Greenhouse Gas R&D Programme and the U.S. Department of Energy. 'Tile work included a survey of geologic and water quality conditions of deep saline formations, selection of four case study sites representing a wide range of these geologic and water quality conditions, and a study of the impacts of formation water extraction on CO2 storage and the potential for the beneficial use of extracted water at these sites. (C) 2013 Energy & Environmental Research Caller, University of North Dakota. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Klapperich, R. J.; Cowan, R. M.; Gorecki, C. D.; Liu, G.; Bremer, J. M.; Holubnyak, Y. I.; Kalenze, N. S.; Knudsen, D. J.; Saini, D.; Botnen, L. S.; LaBonte, J. L.; Stepan, D. J.; Steadman, E. N.; Harju, J. A.] Univ N Dakota, Energy & Environm Res Ctr, 15 North 23rd St,Stop 9018, Grand Forks, ND 58202 USA. [Basava-Reddi, L.] IEAGHG, Orchard Business Ctr, Cheltenham GL52 7RZ, Glos, England. [McNemar, A.] US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Morgantown, WV 26507 USA. RP Gorecki, CD (reprint author), Univ N Dakota, Energy & Environm Res Ctr, 15 North 23rd St,Stop 9018, Grand Forks, ND 58202 USA. EM cgorecki@undeerc.org FU EA Greenhouse Gas Research Programme; U.S. Department of Energy Joint Program on Research and Development for Fossil Energy-Related Resources [DE-FC-08NT43291] FX This work was sponsored by IEA Greenhouse Gas Research Programme and the U.S. Department of Energy Joint Program on Research and Development for Fossil Energy-Related Resources Cooperative Agreement No. DE-FC-08NT43291. NR 12 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1876-6102 J9 ENRGY PROCED PY 2013 VL 37 BP 2479 EP 2486 DI 10.1016/j.egypro.2013.06.129 PG 8 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science GA BB7FR UT WOS:000345500502074 ER PT S AU Dahowski, RT Davidson, CL Li, XC Wei, N AF Dahowski, R. T. Davidson, C. L. Li, X. C. Wei, N. BE Dixon, T Yamaji, K TI Examining CCS deployment potential in China via application of an integrated CCS cost curve SO GHGT-11 SE Energy Procedia LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Greenhouse Gas Technologies (GHGT) CY NOV 18-22, 2012 CL Kyoto, JAPAN DE Carbon dioxide capture and storage; CCS; cost curve; China; source-sink matching; climate change ID CAPTURE AB Previously published cost curves focusing on CO2 transport and storage have helped illustrate the large potential for CCS technologies to deploy in China. This paper examines results from recent work to incorporate the costs of CO2 capture and compression into integrated cost curves that more fully reflect expected costs across the set of large, industrial CO2 sources and better illuminate the possible value of CCS to this fast-growing economy. Results show that significant potential exists for large-scale deployment of CCS at costs less than $70/tCO(2). Mapping the cost curve results confirms that the majority of existing CO2 point sources may be able to utilize CCS technologies, and that - except for many sources in southern China onshore storage capacity appears accessible and sufficient for decades of large-scale deployment. (C) 2013 Battelle Memorial Institute, XC Li and N Wei. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Dahowski, R. T.; Davidson, C. L.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Li, X. C.; Wei, N.] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Rock & Soil Mech, Wuhan 430071, Peoples R China. RP Dahowski, RT (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM bub.dahowski@pnnl.gov NR 11 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1876-6102 J9 ENRGY PROCED PY 2013 VL 37 BP 2487 EP 2494 DI 10.1016/j.egypro.2013.06.130 PG 8 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science GA BB7FR UT WOS:000345500502075 ER PT S AU Aoyagi, R Imai, R Rutqvist, J Kobayashi, H Kitamura, O Goto, N AF Aoyagi, Ryosuke Imai, Ryuta Rutqvist, Jonny Kobayashi, Hiroyuki Kitamura, Osamu Goto, Nobuhisa BE Dixon, T Yamaji, K TI Development of TOUGH-FrontISTR, a numerical simulator for environmental impact assessment of CO2 geological storage SO GHGT-11 SE Energy Procedia LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Greenhouse Gas Technologies (GHGT) CY NOV 18-22, 2012 CL Kyoto, JAPAN DE CO2 geological storage; numerical simulation; geomechanics; TOUGH2; FrontISTR; In Salah AB This paper summarizes the development of a new numerical simulator for environmental impact assessment of CO2 geological storage and the results of case studies. The simulator is developed by coupling the multiphase fluid flow simulator TOUGH2 and an open-source FEM code FrontISTR. Case studies for In Salah CO2 storage project are conducted to assess the validity of the developed simulator. Then, sensitivity analyses for physical parameters corresponding to pore space and rock rigidity are conducted. Results are consistent with measured data and suggest the validity of the simulator. (C) 2013 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Aoyagi, Ryosuke; Imai, Ryuta; Kobayashi, Hiroyuki; Kitamura, Osamu; Goto, Nobuhisa] Mizuho Informat & Res Inst Inc, Chiyoda Ku, 2-3 Kanda Nishikicho, Tokyo 1018443, Japan. [Rutqvist, Jonny] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Aoyagi, R (reprint author), Mizuho Informat & Res Inst Inc, Chiyoda Ku, 2-3 Kanda Nishikicho, Tokyo 1018443, Japan. EM ryosuke.aoyagi@mizuho-ir.co.jp FU Ministry of Economy, Trade and Indsutry of Japan FX This study was carried out as a part of "Research and development of methods predicting and assessing safety and environmental impact of CO2 geological storage" funded by the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Indsutry of Japan. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1876-6102 J9 ENRGY PROCED PY 2013 VL 37 BP 3655 EP 3662 DI 10.1016/j.egypro.2013.06.259 PG 8 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science GA BB7FR UT WOS:000345500503096 ER PT S AU Mcnab, W Rupp, J Ellett, K Wagoner, J AF McNab, Walt Rupp, John Ellett, Kevin Wagoner, Jeff BE Dixon, T Yamaji, K TI Simulating CO2 injection and storage with limited site data: the utility of a variably complex modeling approach SO GHGT-11 SE Energy Procedia LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Greenhouse Gas Technologies (GHGT) CY NOV 18-22, 2012 CL Kyoto, JAPAN DE Analytic element modeling; multiphase flow; screening model; subsurface CO2 storage and injection ID POROUS-MEDIUM; FLUID; DISPLACEMENT; FLOW; WELL AB A semi-analytical model for simulating injection of an immiscible fluid into a water-filled reservoir is developed which approximates the effects of horizontal injection wells, impermeable fault segments, and permeability anisotropy on phase saturation and fluid pressure. The modeling approach is based upon (1) an analytic element model for single-phase flow associated with specified flux, specified pressure, and impermeable line-segment elements within a reservoir of uniform thickness and porosity, (2) an analytical solution to the one-dimensional Buckley-Leverett equation for immiscible displacement of one fluid by another in porous media, subject to relative permeability functions dependent on fluid saturation, and (3) mapping of the Buckley-Leverett solution onto the two-dimensional flow field using particle tracking. Correction of the computed single-phase pressure distribution behind the fluid displacement front for two-phase flow is accomplished using a heuristic model. Application of the model to a proposed geological CO2 storage system, characterized by an injection zone that is proximally cut by extensions of a regional fault system, include assessments of the impact of permeability, anisotropy, and other reservoir characteristics on fluid pressure distributions (and, by extension, the potential for induced seismicity resulting from a reduction in effective stress). (C) 2013 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [McNab, Walt; Wagoner, Jeff] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 808, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. [Rupp, John; Ellett, Kevin] Indiana Univ, Indiana Geolog Survey, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. RP Mcnab, W (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 808, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM mcnab1@llnl.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344]; DOE's Advanced Coal Technology Consortium/Clean Energy Research Center FX This work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. Funding was provided through the DOE's Advanced Coal Technology Consortium/Clean Energy Research Center. NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1876-6102 J9 ENRGY PROCED PY 2013 VL 37 BP 3842 EP 3849 DI 10.1016/j.egypro.2013.06.281 PG 8 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science GA BB7FR UT WOS:000345500504009 ER PT S AU Mukhopadhyay, S Hou, Z Gosink, L Bacon, D Doughty, C Li, JJ Wei, L Gasda, S Bacci, G Govindan, R Shi, JQ Yamamoto, H Ramanathan, R Nicot, JP Hosseini, SA Birkholzer, JT Bonneville, A AF Mukhopadhyay, S. Hou, Z. Gosink, L. Bacon, D. Doughty, C. Li, J. J. Wei, L. Gasda, S. Bacci, G. Govindan, R. Shi, J. -Q. Yamamoto, H. Ramanathan, R. Nicot, J. P. Hosseini, S. A. Birkholzer, J. T. Bonneville, A. BE Dixon, T Yamaji, K TI Model Comparison and Uncertainty Quantification for Geologic Carbon Storage: The Sim-SEQ Initiative SO GHGT-11 SE Energy Procedia LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Greenhouse Gas Technologies (GHGT) CY NOV 18-22, 2012 CL Kyoto, JAPAN DE geologic carbon storage (GCS); model comparison; uncertainty analysis AB Sim-SEQ is a model comparison initiative for geologic carbon storage (GCS). Within this initiative, 15 different modeling teams are developing conceptual models for flow and transport of an injected CO2 plume at the Sim-SEQ study site (the S-3 site) located near Cranfield, Mississippi. The objective of the project is to understand the sources of model uncertainty in GCS, and if possible, to quantify these uncertainties through comparison of the different conceptual models and also through comparison with observed data from the S-3 site. In this paper, we compare six different conceptual models of the S-3 site, and present a preliminary uncertainty analysis of these six models using a generalized linear model approach. We show that differences in model conceptualization and interpretation of site characterization data cause a significant range in predictions. (C) 2013 Published by Elsevier Ltd. Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Mukhopadhyay, S.; Doughty, C.; Birkholzer, J. T.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, One Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Hou, Z.; Gosink, L.; Bacon, D.; Ramanathan, R.; Bonneville, A.] Pacific Northwest Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Li, J. J.; Wei, L.] Shell Innovat & R&D Ctr, Beijing 100004, Peoples R China. [Gasda, S.] Ctr Integrated Petr Res, Uni Res, N-5020 Bergen, Norway. [Bacci, G.; Govindan, R.; Shi, J. -Q.] London Imperial Coll, London SW7 2AZ, England. [Yamamoto, H.] Taisei Corp, Yokohama, Kanagawa 2450051, Japan. [Nicot, J. P.; Hosseini, S. A.] Univ Texas Austin, Bur Econ Geol, Austin, TX 78713 USA. RP Mukhopadhyay, S (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, One Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM SMukhopadhyay@lbl.gov RI Nicot, Jean-Philippe/A-3954-2009; Hosseini, Seyyed Abolfazl/C-5289-2011; Hou, Zhangshuan/B-1546-2014; Birkholzer, Jens/C-6783-2011; Doughty, Christine/G-2389-2015 OI Hou, Zhangshuan/0000-0002-9388-6060; Birkholzer, Jens/0000-0002-7989-1912; FU U.S. Department of Energy; Berkeley Lab through U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; Carbon Sequestration Initiative; PNNL Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program FX The authors thank Curt Oldenburg and Dan Hawkes of LBNL, and Signe White of PNNL for their constructive reviews of the draft manuscript. LBNL's efforts in coordinating Sim-SEQ are supported through funds provided by the U.S. Department of Energy and managed by the National Energy Technology Laboratory. Funds were provided to Berkeley Lab through the U.S. Department of Energy Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. Participation of PNNL has been supported by the Carbon Sequestration Initiative, which is part of the PNNL Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program. NR 15 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1876-6102 J9 ENRGY PROCED PY 2013 VL 37 BP 3867 EP 3874 DI 10.1016/j.egypro.2013.06.284 PG 8 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science GA BB7FR UT WOS:000345500504012 ER PT S AU Surdam, RC Jiao, Z Ganshin, Y Bentley, R Garcia-Gonzalez, M Quillinan, SA McLaughlin, JF Stauffer, P Deng, H AF Surdam, R. C. Jiao, Z. Ganshin, Y. Bentley, R. Garcia-Gonzalez, M. Quillinan, S. A. McLaughlin, J. F. Stauffer, P. Deng, H. BE Dixon, T Yamaji, K TI Characterizations of the CCUS attributes of a high-priority CO2 storage site in Wyoming, USA SO GHGT-11 SE Energy Procedia LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Greenhouse Gas Technologies (GHGT) CY NOV 18-22, 2012 CL Kyoto, JAPAN DE The Rock Springs Uplift has the attributes to serve as a regional CO2 storage site; and importantly; this site could be used as a storage/ surge tank to supply CO2 to EOR projects throughout Wyoming. AB Optimizing uncertainty reduction in evaluations of geological CO2 storage site scenarios requires a robust database that allows an accurate reconstruction of the targeted storage rock/fluid volume, especially with respect to spatial heterogeneity. Previous numerical simulations of the Rock Springs Uplift site (southwest Wyoming, USA) relied on a generalized regional database to populate a homogenous rock/fluid volume based on average reservoir properties. The results from this approach yielded general insights into injection/storage characteristics but lacked specificity, resulting in performance assessments plagued by substantial uncertainty. To move from idealistic, highly generalized assessments to realistic, low-risk assessments of the Rock Springs Uplift, it was necessary to acquire high-resolution data specific to the storage site of interest (carbonate and sandstone reservoirs, and confining layers in an 8 kin x kin area). The foundation of the new database is a 4,000-meter-deep stratigraphic test well, an 8 km x 8 km 3-D seismic survey, 290 meters of high-quality core, a specialized log suite, fluid samples, and a diverse set of analytical laboratory measurements. These data made it possible to correlate seismic attributes with observations from log suites, a VSP survey, core, fluid samples, and laboratory analyses, including continuous permeability scans. From seismic data, 3-D spatial distribution volumes of reservoir and confining layer properties were constructed that represent geological heterogeneity at the targeted CO2 storage site. Consequently, the latest numerical simulations and performance assessments are characterized by substantially lower geological uncertainties. The new CO2 plume migration simulations for a set of defined CO2 injection rates and volumes occupy larger rock/fluid volumes and display pronounced marginal irregularities when compared to early simulations derived from homogenous reservoir parameter volumes. The spatial distributions of the injected CO2 plumes in previous simulations are conical with few marginal irregularities, whereas in the new simulations, the CO2 plumes occupy a larger up-dip volume and display pronounced marginal irregularities. These irregularities denote zones of higher porosity and permeability, such as collapsed breccias associated with karst zones and/or dolomitized grainstone zones in the Madison Limestone. Using the new numerical simulations which include heterogeneous rock/fluid parameter distributions, it is apparent that in all injection/storage scenarios of > 1 Mt/year CO2, substantial displaced fluid production/treatment is essential to manage pressure and maintain the integrity of confining layers. The total dissolved solids concentrations of the formation fluids retrieved from the Madison Limestone range from 80,000 to 90,000 ppm, and will necessitate customized water treatment strategies and facilities at the surface. The new data and upgraded evaluations demonstrate that the Rock Springs Uplift in southwestern Wyoming remains an outstanding large-scale geological CO2 storage site, and provides a realistic basis for designing conunercial CO2 injectionlstorage operations on the Uplift. The 2010 U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Greenhouse Gas Reporting Program reports that in the Greater Green River Basin of southvvest Wyoming, the CO2 emissions from stationary sources (sources that emit more than 25,000 tons of CO2 per year) total 29+ million tons annually, or approximately 50 percent of Wyoming's annual CO2 emissions. These CO2 sources include coal-fired power plants, gas and trona processing plants, pipeline compression stations, chemical production facilities, and gas-field complexes, among others. The Rock Springs Uplift in the center of the Greater Green River Basin is ideally located to serve as a large-scale commercial geological CO2 storage facility for half of all of Wyoming's industrial CO2 emissions. The new numerical simulations suggest that the Madison Limestone has the ability to permanently store the annual CO2 emissions from stationary sources in the Greater Green River Basin for 130 years (i.e., a total of 3.8 billion tons). The overlying Paleozoic Weber Sandstone on the Rock Springs Uplift has additional commercial-scale CO2 storage capacity. l'he Rock Springs Uplift has the attributes to serve as a regional CO2 storage site, and importantl, this site could be used as a storage/surge tank to supply CO2 to FOR projects throughout Wyoming.(C) 2013 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Surdam, R. C.; Jiao, Z.; Ganshin, Y.; Bentley, R.; Garcia-Gonzalez, M.; Quillinan, S. A.; McLaughlin, J. F.] Univ Wyoming, Carbon Management Inst, 2020 Grand Ave Suite 500, Laramie, WY 82070 USA. [Stauffer, P.; Deng, H.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87454 USA. RP Surdam, RC (reprint author), Univ Wyoming, Carbon Management Inst, 2020 Grand Ave Suite 500, Laramie, WY 82070 USA. OI Stauffer, Philip/0000-0002-6976-221X FU U.S. Department of Energy's National Energy Technology Laboratory [DE-FE002142]; Wyoming Oil and Gas Conservation Commission; Department of Environmental Quality FX The authors would like to thank the crew from Baker Hughes, Inc., including Paul Williams, Sam Zettle, Dana Dale, and Danny Dorsey. TRUE Drilling Co. of Casper, WY provided the large rig and an excellent drilling crew. The WY-CUSP characterization project is funded in part by the U.S. Department of Energy's National Energy Technology Laboratory (Project DE-FE002142), and the authors would like to thank Project Manager Bill Aljoe. Other contributors include Los Alamos National Laboratory, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, PetroArc International, New England Research, Geokinetics, EMTek, and the Wyoming State Geological Survey. In addition, thanks to Dynamic Graphics for allowing us to use their EarthVision software and to Schlumberger for allowing us access to their Eclipse and Petrel software packages. Also, we acknowledge the support provided by the Wyoming Oil and Gas Conservation Commission and the Department of Environmental Quality. Lastly, but very importantly, we thank Shanna Dahl, Shauna Bury, Meg Ewald, and Allory Deiss all colleagues at CMI for their support, and Lynne Boomgaarden (Belcher & Boomgaarden LLP) for permitting assistance: without their contributions, this project would be impossible. NR 4 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1876-6102 J9 ENRGY PROCED PY 2013 VL 37 BP 3911 EP 3918 DI 10.1016/j.egypro.2013.06.289 PG 8 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science GA BB7FR UT WOS:000345500504017 ER PT S AU White, MD Bacon, DH White, SK Zhang, ZF AF White, M. D. Bacon, D. H. White, S. K. Zhang, Z. F. BE Dixon, T Yamaji, K TI Fully Coupled Well Models for Fluid Injection and Production SO GHGT-11 SE Energy Procedia LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Greenhouse Gas Technologies (GHGT) CY NOV 18-22, 2012 CL Kyoto, JAPAN DE numerical simulation; coupled well model; Peaceman well index; well trajectory; flow-controlled; pressure-controlled AB Wells are the primary engineered component of geologic sequestration systems with deep subsurface reservoirs. Wells provide a conduit for injecting greenhouse gases and producing reservoirs fluids, such as brines, natural gas, and crude oil, depending on the target reservoir. Well trajectories, well pressures, and fluid flow rates are parameters over which well engineers and operators have control during the geologic sequestration process. Current drilling practices provide well engineers flexibility in designing well trajectories and controlling screened intervals. Injection pressures and fluids can be used to purposely fracture the reservoir formation or to purposely prevent fracturing. Numerical simulation of geologic sequestration processes involves the solution of multifluid transport equations within heterogeneous geologic media. These equations that mathematically describe the flow of fluid through the reservoir formation are nonlinear in form, requiring linearization techniques to resolve. In actual geologic settings, fluid exchange between a well and reservoir is a function of local pressure gradients, fluid saturations, and formation characteristics. In numerical simulators, fluid exchange between a well and reservoir can be specified using a spectrum of approaches that vary from totally ignoring the reservoir conditions to fully considering reservoir conditions and well processes. Well models are a numerical simulation approach that account for local conditions and gradients in the exchange of fluids between the well and reservoir. As with the mathematical equations that describe fluid flow in the reservoir, variation in fluid properties with temperature and pressure yield nonlinearities in the mathematical equations that describe fluid flow within the well. To numerically simulate the fluid exchange between a well and reservoir the two systems of nonlinear multifluid flow equations must be resolved. The spectrum of numerical approaches for resolving these equations varies from zero coupling to full coupling. In this paper we describe a fully coupled solution approach for a well model that allows for a flexible well trajectory and screened interval within a structured hexahedral computational grid. In this scheme, the nonlinear well equations have been fully integrated into the Jacobian matrix for the reservoir conservation equations, minimizing the matrix bandwidth. (C) 2013 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [White, M. D.; Bacon, D. H.; Zhang, Z. F.] Pacific Northwest Natl Lab, Hydrol Grp, POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [White, S. K.] Pacific Northwest Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP White, MD (reprint author), Pacific Northwest Natl Lab, Hydrol Grp, POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM mark.white@pnnl.gov OI Zhang, Fred/0000-0001-8676-6426 FU Pacific and Northwest National's Laboratory's Carbon Sequestration Inititative, Directed Research and Development Program FX This research has been accomplished and funded through Pacific and Northwest National's Laboratory's Carbon Sequestration Inititative, which is part of the Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program. NR 6 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1876-6102 J9 ENRGY PROCED PY 2013 VL 37 BP 3960 EP 3970 DI 10.1016/j.egypro.2013.06.295 PG 11 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science GA BB7FR UT WOS:000345500504023 ER PT S AU White, SK Gosink, L Sivaramakrishnan, C Black, GD Purohit, S Bacon, DH Hou, ZS Lin, G Gorton, I Bonneville, A AF White, Signe K. Gosink, Luke Sivaramakrishnan, Chandrika Black, Gary D. Purohit, Sumit Bacon, Diana H. Hou, Zhangshuan Lin, Guang Gorton, Ian Bonneville, Alain BE Dixon, T Yamaji, K TI Implementations of a Flexible Framework for Managing Geologic Sequestration Modeling Projects SO GHGT-11 SE Energy Procedia LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Greenhouse Gas Technologies (GHGT) CY NOV 18-22, 2012 CL Kyoto, JAPAN DE Numerical Simulation; CO2; Geologic Sequestration AB Numerical simulation is a standard practice used to support designing, operating, and monitoring CO2 injection projects. Although a variety of computational tools have been developed that support the numerical simulation process, many are single-purpose or platform specific and have a prescribed workflow that may or may not be suitable for a particular project. We are developing an open-source, flexible framework named Velo that provides a knowledge management infrastructure and tools to support modeling and simulation for various types of projects in a number of scientific domains. The Geologic Sequestration Software Suite (GS) is a version of this framework with features and tools specifically tailored for geologic sequestration studies. Because of its general nature, GS3 is being employed in a variety of ways on projects \kith differing goals. GS3 is being used to support the Sim-SEQ international model comparison study, by providing a collaborative framework for the modeling teams and providing tools for model comparison. Another customized deployment of GS 3 has been made to support the Class VI Well geologic sequestration permit application process. In this case, GS3 is being used to manage data in support of conceptual model development and provide documentation and provenance for numerical simulations. An additional customized deployment of OS 3 is being created for use by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA) Underground Injection Control (MC) Program to aid in the Class VI Well geologic sequestration permit application review process. These use cases demonstrate OS3's flexibility, utility, and broad applicability. (C) 2013 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [White, Signe K.; Gosink, Luke; Sivaramakrishnan, Chandrika; Black, Gary D.; Purohit, Sumit; Bacon, Diana H.; Hou, Zhangshuan; Lin, Guang; Gorton, Ian; Bonneville, Alain] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP White, SK (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM signe.white@pnnl.gov RI Hou, Zhangshuan/B-1546-2014; OI Hou, Zhangshuan/0000-0002-9388-6060; Bacon, Diana/0000-0001-9122-5333; White, Signe/0000-0003-4797-8877; Bonneville, Alain/0000-0003-1527-1578 NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1876-6102 J9 ENRGY PROCED PY 2013 VL 37 BP 3971 EP 3979 DI 10.1016/j.egypro.2013.06.296 PG 9 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science GA BB7FR UT WOS:000345500504024 ER PT S AU Litynski, J Vikara, D Webster, M Srivastava, R AF Litynski, John Vikara, Derek Webster, Malcolm Srivastava, Rameshwar BE Dixon, T Yamaji, K TI US Department of Energy Efforts to Advance Remote Sensing Technologies for Monitoring Geologic Storage SO GHGT-11 SE Energy Procedia LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Greenhouse Gas Technologies (GHGT) CY NOV 18-22, 2012 CL Kyoto, JAPAN DE DOE; NETL; Regional Carbon Sequestration Partnerships; Remote Sensing; Surface Displacement; Passive Scanner; Remotely Operated Vehicle; Multi-Spectral; Hyper-Spectral ID VEGETATION; LEAKING AB The United States Department of Energy (DOE) is the lead federal agency for the research, development, demonstration, and deployment (RDD&D) of carbon storage technologies. Monitoring, verification, accounting and assessment (MVA) is an essential element of geologic CO2 storage projects, since without MVA it is not possible to understand the fate of CO2 in the injection formation or to monitor any potential CO2 releases to underground sources of drinking water (USDW) or the atmosphere. Determining the location of CO2 in the subsurface and identifying indicators of the potential release of CO2 to the atmosphere are significant challenges requiring the adoption of existing technologies as well as novel approaches for monitoring large areas above a storage reservoir. Remote sensing technologies could offer a solution. Remote sensing refers to the use of monitoring tools that can gather data at a location remote to the area of interest, and could provide an option for non-invasive and large scale spatial monitoring. The National Energy Technology Laboratory (NETL) has been developing and deploying remote sensing applications over the past decade to improve monitoring of both geologic and terrestrial carbon storage projects. MVA remote sensing tools being developed or improved by NETL sponsored research include interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR), tiltmeters/GPS, remote operated vehicles (ROVs), SEQURETM, light detection and ranging (LIDAR), and multi-spectral/hyper-spectral scanning. Benefits associated with NETL's remote sensing effort include development and deployment of non-intrusive tracking and monitoring technologies, reduced manpower requirements needed to meet potential regulated MVA requirements, and reduced costs to implement monitoring technologies. These technologies can provide early detection of CO2 releases which, in turn, will allow for further refinement of project monitoring protocols using more conventional detection and mitigation technologies to better pinpoint CO2 location. This paper addresses selected remote sensing techniques under NETL development and field deployment of these technologies. (C) 2013 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Litynski, John] Natl Energy Technol Lab, 626 Cochrans Mill Rd, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. [Vikara, Derek; Webster, Malcolm; Srivastava, Rameshwar] Keylog Syst Inc, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. RP Litynski, J (reprint author), Natl Energy Technol Lab, 626 Cochrans Mill Rd, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. EM John.litynski@netl.doe.gov NR 24 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1876-6102 J9 ENRGY PROCED PY 2013 VL 37 BP 4114 EP 4127 DI 10.1016/j.egypro.2013.06.313 PG 14 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science GA BB7FR UT WOS:000345500504041 ER PT S AU Oye, V Aker, E Daley, TM Kuhn, D Bohloli, B Korneev, V AF Oye, Volker Aker, Eyvind Daley, Thomas M. Kuhn, Daniela Bohloli, Bahman Korneev, Valeri BE Dixon, T Yamaji, K TI Microseismic monitoring and interpretation of injection data from the In Salah CO2 storage site (Krechba), Algeria SO GHGT-11 SE Energy Procedia LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Greenhouse Gas Technologies (GHGT) CY NOV 18-22, 2012 CL Kyoto, JAPAN DE CO2 storage; injection; monitoring; microearthquakes; seismicity; fracturing; instrumentation ID FLUID-FLOW AB Microseismic data analysis together with interpretation of injection data at the In Salah CO2 storage site provides a valuable tool for improved understanding of the subsurface injection and storage processes. More than 1500 microseismic events have been detected semi-automatically between August 2009 and May 2012 and the occurrence of the events correlates clearly with increased injection rates and well-head pressures. Most likely the fracture pressure has been exceeded temporarily, resulting in a sudden increase of microseismicity. Waveform cross-correlation of the events demonstrates that most events occur in three distinct clusters. Clusters with shorter S-P wave differential travel times clearly correlate with the CO2 injection at KB502, whereas events with larger S-P wave times do not. An uncertainty analysis and a network design study conclude that a more extensive microseismic network would be needed to resolve locations and potential correlations with injection data. (C) 2013 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Oye, Volker; Kuhn, Daniela] NORSAR, Gunnar Randers Vei 15, N-2007 Kjeller, Norway. [Aker, Eyvind; Bohloli, Bahman] Norwegian Geotech Inst, N-0855 Oslo, Norway. [Daley, Thomas M.; Korneev, Valeri] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Oye, V (reprint author), NORSAR, Gunnar Randers Vei 15, N-2007 Kjeller, Norway. RI Daley, Thomas/G-3274-2015 OI Daley, Thomas/0000-0001-9445-0843 FU NGI; NORSAR [210267]; Norwegian Research Council; Salah JIP; Assistant Secretary for Fossil Energy through National Energy Technology Laboratory under U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX NGI and NORSAR thank Gassnova (project no. 210267), the CLIMIT program of the Norwegian Research Council, and the In Salah JIP partners for financial contribution to the MIMOSA project.Berkeley Lab work was supported by the In Salah JIP and the Assistant Secretary for Fossil Energy, through the National Energy Technology Laboratory, under the U.S. Department of Energy Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. The authors like to acknowledge In Salah Gas Joint Venture and their partners BP, Statoil, and Sonatrach for providing field data and valuable discussions. We also thank K. Iranpour, P. Zhao and K. Tronstad for their contribution to this work. NR 7 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 2 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1876-6102 J9 ENRGY PROCED PY 2013 VL 37 BP 4191 EP 4198 DI 10.1016/j.egypro.2013.06.321 PG 8 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science GA BB7FR UT WOS:000345500504049 ER PT S AU Lee, J Min, KB Rutqvist, J AF Lee, Jaewon Min, Ki-Bok Rutqvist, Jonny BE Dixon, T Yamaji, K TI Ground heaving and leakage analysis for sequestration of CO2 in geological media considering fractures in caprock SO GHGT-11 SE Energy Procedia LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Greenhouse Gas Technologies (GHGT) CY NOV 18-22, 2012 CL Kyoto, JAPAN DE CO2 storage; fracture reactivation; ground heaving; TOUGH-FLAC; probabilistic analysis ID SLIP AB In the context of Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS), injection of CO2 induces the geomechanical change of reservoir and this is an important issue for the mechanical integrity and storage security of CO2 sequestration. The injection of CO2 makes the fluid pressure increase, and because of this increased fluid pressure, ground heaving occurs. Also the increased fluid pressure is expected to be a source of shear slip of fractures in the caprock, and that makes permeability increase which leads leakage of CO2 and microseismicity. In this study, we conduct coupled multiphase fluid flow and geomechanical modeling to investigate geomechanical changes. After that, we evaluate the probability of shear slip considering the statistical fracture distribution and a Coulomb failure analysis. For this analysis, fracture reactivation in terms of shear slip was analyzed by implicitly considering the fracture orientations generated, in one case using published fracture statistics from a CO2 storage site. Our analysis showed that a reverse faulting stress field would be most favorable for avoiding fracture shear reactivation, but site-specific analyses will be required because of strong dependency of the local stress field and fracture orientations. (C) 2013 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. Open access under CC BY-NC-ND license. C1 [Lee, Jaewon; Min, Ki-Bok] Seoul Natl Univ, Dept Energy Syst Engn, 1 Gwanak Ro, Seoul 151742, South Korea. [Rutqvist, Jonny] Div Earth Sci, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Min, KB (reprint author), Seoul Natl Univ, Dept Energy Syst Engn, 1 Gwanak Ro, Seoul 151742, South Korea. EM kbmin@snu.ac.kr FU National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF); Ministry of Education, Science and Technology [2010-0025206]; U.S. Dept. of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX This research was supported by Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology (2010-0025206) and was conducted on behalf of the Ministry of Land, Transport and Maritime Affairs (MLTM) of Korean government under their "Depvelopment of Technology for CO2 Marine Geologieal Storage"program. Additional support was provided by the U.S. Dept. of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02- 05CH11231. This paper is a summary of the journal paper to be published at Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering [9]. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1876-6102 J9 ENRGY PROCED PY 2013 VL 37 BP 4504 EP 4510 DI 10.1016/j.egypro.2013.06.356 PG 7 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science GA BB7FR UT WOS:000345500504083 ER PT S AU Pawar, R Bromhal, G Dilmore, R Foxall, B Jones, E Oldenburg, C Stauffer, P Unwin, S Guthrie, G AF Pawar, Rajesh Bromhal, Grant Dilmore, Robert Foxall, Bill Jones, Edwin Oldenburg, Curtis Stauffer, Philip Unwin, Stephen Guthrie, George BE Dixon, T Yamaji, K TI Quantification of Risk Profiles and Impacts of Uncertainties as part of US DOE's National Risk Assessment Partnership (NRAP) SO GHGT-11 SE Energy Procedia LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Greenhouse Gas Technologies (GHGT) CY NOV 18-22, 2012 CL Kyoto, JAPAN DE NRAP; Risk Profiles; Risk Quantification; System Modeling; Integrated Assessment Model ID FRAMEWORK; MODEL AB The National Risk Assessment Partnership (NRAP) is a US-Department of Energy (US-DOE) effort focused on developing a science-based methodology for quantifying risk profiles at geologic CO2 sequestration sites. Risk profiles are calculated using an integrated assessment modelling (IAM) approach which treats a geologic CO2 storage site as a system and uses a system modelling approach to predict time-dependent behaviour of the storage site. We have developed first generation risk profiles associated with a few key potential impacts due to CO2 leakage from a sequestration reservoir, including change in groundwater quality in a shallow aquifer and return of CO2 to the atmosphere. (C) 2013 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Pawar, Rajesh; Stauffer, Philip] Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Bromhal, Grant; Dilmore, Robert; Guthrie, George] Natl Energy Technol Lab, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. [Foxall, Bill; Jones, Edwin] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Oldenburg, Curtis] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Unwin, Stephen] Pacific Northwest Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Pawar, R (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM rajesh@lanl.gov OI Stauffer, Philip/0000-0002-6976-221X FU U.S. Department of Energy FX This work was completed as part of National Risk Assessment Partnership (NRAP) project. Support for this project came from the Crosscutting Research program of the Office of Fossil Energy in the U.S. Department of Energy. NR 10 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1876-6102 J9 ENRGY PROCED PY 2013 VL 37 BP 4765 EP 4773 DI 10.1016/j.egypro.2013.06.386 PG 9 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science GA BB7FR UT WOS:000345500505001 ER PT S AU Rutqvist, J Cappa, F Mazzoldi, A Rinaldi, A AF Rutqvist, Jonny Cappa, Frederic Mazzoldi, Alberto Rinaldi, Antonio BE Dixon, T Yamaji, K TI Geomechanical modeling of fault responses and the potential for notable seismic events during underground CO2 injection SO GHGT-11 SE Energy Procedia LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Greenhouse Gas Technologies (GHGT) CY NOV 18-22, 2012 CL Kyoto, JAPAN ID SEQUESTRATION AB We summarize a number of recent modeling studies related to the potential for fault reactivations and induced seismicity during underground CO2 injection. The model simulations were conducted using coupled multiphase fluid flow and geomechanics, including fault-frictional weakening enabling analysis of sudden (seismic) fault rupture, with some of the numerical analyses extended to dynamic modeling of seismic source, wave propagation, and ground motion. These model simulations show that the critical factors in determining the likelihood and magnitude of such an event are the local in situ stress field, fault orientation and size, fault strength, and injection pressure. We analyzed the case of activation of a 1km long minor fault that might have gone undetected during the site investigation and show that the maximum seismic magnitudes would likely be less than about 3.6, even if the entire 1 km fault would to be activated. We then include seismic wave propagation generated by the rupture and show how the acceleration and deceleration of the rupture generate waves and result in a peak ground acceleration of about 0.1g, except for a localized -0.6 g of horizontal peak acceleration at the faults intersection with the ground surface. The modeling shows that these are high frequency events that would not cause any substantial damage but could certainly be felt by the local population. We may also considered that fault reactivation, even associated with relatively small seismic or aseismic events, could potentially increase CO2 seepage out of the intended storage complex and therefore reduce the effectiveness of a CO2 storage operation. Under these circumstances, we recommend a staged, learn-as-you-go approach, involving a gradual increase of injection rates combined with continuous monitoring of geomechanical changes, as well as siting beneath a multiple layered overburden for multiple flow barrier protection, should an unexpected deep fault activation occur. (C) 2013 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Rutqvist, Jonny; Cappa, Frederic; Mazzoldi, Alberto; Rinaldi, Antonio] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Rutqvist, J (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Rinaldi, Antonio Pio/N-3284-2013; Cappa, Frederic/B-4014-2017; Rutqvist, Jonny/F-4957-2015 OI Rinaldi, Antonio Pio/0000-0001-7052-8618; Cappa, Frederic/0000-0003-4859-8024; Rutqvist, Jonny/0000-0002-7949-9785 NR 16 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1876-6102 J9 ENRGY PROCED PY 2013 VL 37 BP 4774 EP 4784 DI 10.1016/j.egypro.2013.06.387 PG 11 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science GA BB7FR UT WOS:000345500505002 ER PT S AU Wang, Y Crandall, D Bruner, K Wei, N Gill, M Li, XC Bromhal, G AF Wang Yan Crandall, Dustin Bruner, Kathy Wei Ning Gill, Magdalena Li Xiaochun Bromhal, Grant BE Dixon, T Yamaji, K TI Core and Pore Scale Characterization of Liujiagou Outcrop Sandstone, Ordos basin, China for CO2 Aquifer Storage SO GHGT-11 SE Energy Procedia LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Greenhouse Gas Technologies (GHGT) CY NOV 18-22, 2012 CL Kyoto, JAPAN DE Ordos basin; Liujiagou; characterization; saline aquifer; computed tomography; CO2 flooding; thin section petrography AB This paper describes various laboratory studies that have been performed on Liujiagou sandstone samples from the Ordos basin. The sample characterization includes multi-scale X-ray computed tomography (CT) scanning, and thin section petrographic analysis. Core scale and pore scale characterizations of the Liujiagou formation sandstone were obtained. Injection of liquid CO2 into a brine saturated Liujiagou sandstone core was performed until a steady state condition was observed within a CT scanner. The CO2 filled some of the pore space, moving quickly through the laminae and/or bedding planes of core that were open. Pore/grain scale analysis via thin section petrography classified the Liujiagou sandstone as an arkosic arenite with a quartz/feldspar/rock fragment ratio of 51/32/17 and a mean grain size of 0.35 mm. Primary pores are generally clean and account for 1% of the overall porosity, which was measured as 6% within the thin section analyzed. Understanding how these pore and core scale characteristics of Liujiagou sandstone affect fluid migration through this important Chinese resource will be instrumental in the planning and operation of future CCUS projects. (C) 2013 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Wang Yan; Wei Ning; Li Xiaochun] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Rock & Soil Mech, State Key Lab Geomech & Geotech Engn, Wuhan 430071, Peoples R China. [Crandall, Dustin; Bruner, Kathy; Gill, Magdalena; Bromhal, Grant] US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Morgantown, WV 26507 USA. [Crandall, Dustin; Bruner, Kathy; Gill, Magdalena] URS Corp, Morgantown, WV 26507 USA. [Bruner, Kathy] West Virginia Univ, Dept Geol, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. RP Li, XC (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Rock & Soil Mech, State Key Lab Geomech & Geotech Engn, Wuhan 430071, Peoples R China. EM ywang@whrsm.ac.cn; xcli@whrsm.ac.cn FU Ministry of Science and Technology of China; Joint Research on Low Emission Technologies for Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle [2010DFB70560]; Joint Research on Key Technologies of Oxy-fuel Combustion based CO2 Capture and Storage [2012DFB60100] FX The authors would like to acknowledge the financial support provided by Projects of International Cooperation from Ministry of Science and Technology of China, Joint Research on Low Emission Technologies for Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle (Grant number: 2010DFB70560) and Joint Research on Key Technologies of Oxy-fuel Combustion based CO2 Capture and Storage (Grant number: 2012DFB60100). NR 3 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1876-6102 J9 ENRGY PROCED PY 2013 VL 37 BP 5055 EP 5062 DI 10.1016/j.egypro.2013.06.419 PG 8 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science GA BB7FR UT WOS:000345500505034 ER PT S AU Dooley, JJ AF Dooley, James J. BE Dixon, T Yamaji, K TI Estimating the supply and demand for deep geologic CO2 storage capacity over the course of the 21st Century: A meta-analysis of the literature SO GHGT-11 SE Energy Procedia LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Greenhouse Gas Technologies (GHGT) CY NOV 18-22, 2012 CL Kyoto, JAPAN DE geologic CO2 storage capacity; integrated assessment; climate change mitigation; meta-analysis ID NATURAL-GAS RESERVOIRS; CARBON-DIOXIDE; UNDERGROUND-STORAGE; USELESS AQUIFERS; CLIMATE-CHANGE; OIL-FIELDS; CAPTURE; STABILIZATION; MITIGATION; SCENARIOS AB Whether there is sufficient geologic CO2 storage capacity to allow CCS to play a significant role in mitigating climate change has been the subject of debate since the 1990s, This paper presents a meta-analysis of a large body of recently published literature to derive updated estimates of the global deep geologic storage resource as well as the potential demand for this geologic CO2 storage resource over the course of this century. This analysis reveals that, for greenhouse gas emissions mitigation scenarios that have end-of-century atmospheric CO2 concentrations of between 350 ppmv and 725 ppmv, the average demand for deep geologic CO2 storage over the course of this century is between 410 GtCO(2) and 1,670 GtCO(2). The literature summarized here suggests that -- depending on the stringency of criteria applied to calculate storage capacity global geologic CO2 storage capacity could be: 35,300 GICO(2) of "theoretical" capacity: 13,500 GICO(2) of "effective" capacity; 3,900 GlCO(2), of "practical" capacity: and 290 GtCO(2) of "matched" capacity for the few regions where this narrow definition of capacity has been calculated. The cumulative demand for geologic CO2 storage is likely quite small compared to global estimates of the deep geologic CO2 storage capacity; and therefore, a "lack" of deep geologic CO2 storage capacity is unlikely to be an impediment for the commercial adoption of CCS technologies in this century. (c) 2013 Battelle Memorial institute. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Joint Global Change Res Inst, College Pk, MD 20740 USA. RP Dooley, JJ (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Joint Global Change Res Inst, College Pk, MD 20740 USA. EM jj.dooley@pnnl.gov NR 78 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1876-6102 J9 ENRGY PROCED PY 2013 VL 37 BP 5141 EP 5150 DI 10.1016/j.egypro.2013.06.429 PG 10 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science GA BB7FR UT WOS:000345500505043 ER PT S AU Wright, R Mourits, F Rodriguez, LB Serrano, MD AF Wright, Robert Mourits, Frank Beltran Rodriguez, Leonardo Davila Serrano, Moises BE Dixon, T Yamaji, K TI The First North American Carbon Storage Atlas SO GHGT-11 SE Energy Procedia LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Greenhouse Gas Technologies (GHGT) CY NOV 18-22, 2012 CL Kyoto, JAPAN DE carbon; sequestration; atlas; North America; resource; CO2; emissions; formations; saline; oil and gas; coal; EOR AB Canada, Mexico and the United States formed the North American Carbon Atlas Partnership (NACAP) in December 2008 to collaborate in the development of a North American Carbon Storage Atlas (NACSA). This partnership was formally announced by the Presidents of the United States and Mexico and the Prime Minister of Canada at their meeting in Guadalajara, Mexico, in August 2009. The NACAP effort identified and quantified large stationary sources of carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, identified and screened sedimentary basins suitable for CO2 storage, and estimated the CO2 storage resources of the three most common types of geological media-oil and gas reservoirs, unmineable coal and deep saline formations-in those basins using publicly available geological data. To develop the atlas NACAP had to harmonize storage resource estimation methodologies, define a common scale and resolution, and develop procedures for the treatment of shared sedimentary basins across national borders. Although North America is a large emitter of CO2, the results of the assessments by the three countries demonstrate that potential CO2 storage resources in North America are hundreds, if not thousands, of times greater than current CO2 emissions. Certainly, practical considerations will reduce these estimates. The maps of the large stationary CO2 sources and of the CO2 storage resources show that the sources and storage resources frequently either overlay each other or are within manageable distances of each other, making carbon capture and storage an attractive option to reduce CO2 emissions. (c) 2013 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Wright, Robert] US DOE, Washington, DC 20585 USA. RP Wright, R (reprint author), US DOE, 1000 Independence Ave SW, Washington, DC 20585 USA. EM robert.wright@hq.doe.gov NR 2 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1876-6102 J9 ENRGY PROCED PY 2013 VL 37 BP 5280 EP 5289 DI 10.1016/j.egypro.2013.06.445 PG 10 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science GA BB7FR UT WOS:000345500505059 ER PT S AU Haese, RR LaForce, T Boreham, C Ennis-King, J Freifeld, BM Paterson, L Schacht, U AF Haese, R. R. LaForce, T. Boreham, C. Ennis-King, J. Freifeld, B. M. Paterson, L. Schacht, U. BE Dixon, T Yamaji, K TI Determining residual CO2 saturation through a dissolution test - Results from the CO2CRC Otway Project SO GHGT-11 SE Energy Procedia LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Greenhouse Gas Technologies (GHGT) CY NOV 18-22, 2012 CL Kyoto, JAPAN DE storage capacity; single well test; residual CO2; heterogeneity AB Residual CO2 trapping (Sgr-CO2) is a key mechanism for geological CO2 storage. The CO2CRC undertook a sequence of field tests with the aim of comparing different ways of determining Sgr-CO2 including a dissolution test. Dissolution test results show an unexpectedly early breakthrough and low maximum CO2 concentrations in the back-produced water making the data inconclusive when using traditional data interpretation. Here, we consider two conditions to explain the observations: Firstly, residual CO2 is vertically unevenly distributed and, secondly, the fluid and residual CO2 are not in equilibrium. Furthermore, we postulate localised flow channels have formed during the 3-month test period caused by advective flow of CO2-saturated, low pH water leading to transport-controlled mineral dissolution. (c) 2013 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Haese, R. R.; Boreham, C.] Geosci Australia, CO2CRC, GPO Box 378, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia. [LaForce, T.; Ennis-King, J.; Paterson, L.] CO2CRC, CSIRO Earth Sci & Resource Engn, Clayton, Vic 3169, Australia. [Freifeld, B. M.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Schacht, U.] Univ Adelaide, Australian Sch Petr, CO2CRC, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia. RP Haese, RR (reprint author), Geosci Australia, CO2CRC, GPO Box 378, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia. EM ralf.haese@unimelb.edu.au RI Paterson, Lincoln/B-7156-2015; OI Ennis-King, Jonathan/0000-0002-4016-390X FU Australian Government through CRC Program; Australian National Low Emissions Coal Research and Development (ANLEC RD); Australian Coal Association Low Emissions Technology Limited; Australian Government through Clean Energy Initiative FX The authors wish to thank Rajindar Singh from the CO2CRC, Linda Stalker from CSIRO, Jay Black, Teagan Exposito, Janice Trafford and Eleena Wykes from Geoscience Australia, and the personnel from AGR for their support at the Otway site during the test. Eric Tenthorey and Jay Black provided valuable comments on an earlier version of the manuscript. Funding was provided by the Australian Government through its CRC Program to support this research. The authors acknowledge financial assistance provided through Australian National Low Emissions Coal Research and Development (ANLEC R&D). ANLEC R&D is supported by Australian Coal Association Low Emissions Technology Limited and the Australian Government through the Clean Energy Initiative. This publication has received permission for publication by the CEO of Geoscience Australia. NR 11 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1876-6102 J9 ENRGY PROCED PY 2013 VL 37 BP 5379 EP 5386 DI 10.1016/j.egypro.2013.06.456 PG 8 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science GA BB7FR UT WOS:000345500505070 ER PT S AU Loring, JS Schaef, HT Thompson, CJ Turcu, RV Miller, QR Chen, J Hu, JZ Hoyt, DW Martin, PF Ilton, ES Felmy, AR Rosso, KM AF Loring, John S. Schaef, H. Todd Thompson, Chris J. Turcu, Romulus V. Miller, Quin R. Chen, Jeffry Hu, Jianzhi Hoyt, David W. Martin, Paul F. Ilton, Eugene S. Felmy, Andrew R. Rosso, Kevin M. BE Dixon, T Yamaji, K TI Clay hydration/dehydration in dry to water-saturated supercritical CO2: Implications for caprock integrity SO GHGT-11 SE Energy Procedia LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Greenhouse Gas Technologies (GHGT) CY NOV 18-22, 2012 CL Kyoto, JAPAN DE caprock integrety; clay hydration; CO2 intercalation; in situ probes ID X-RAY-DIFFRACTION; SMECTITE HYDRATION PROPERTIES; SOCIETY SOURCE CLAYS; CARBON-DIOXIDE; BASE-LINE; MONTMORILLONITE; MINERALS AB Injection of supercritical CO2 (scCO(2)) for the geologic storage of carbon dioxide will displace formation water, and the pore space adjacent to overlying caprocks could eventually be dominated by dry to water-saturated scCO(2). Wet scCO(2) is highly reactive and capable of carbonating and hydrating certain minerals, whereas anhydrous scCO(2) can dehydrate water-containing minerals. Because these geochemical processes affect solid volume and thus porosity and permeability, they have the potential to affect the long-term integrity of the caprock seal. In this study, we investigate the swelling and shrinkage of an expandable clay found in caprock formations, montmorillonite (Ca-STx-1), when exposed to variable water-content scCO(2) at 50 degrees C and 90 bar using a combination of in situ probes, including X-ray diffraction (XRD), in situ magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MAS NMR), and in situ attenuated total reflection infrared spectroscopy (ATR-IR). We show that the extent of montmorillonite clay swelling/shrinkage is dependent not only on water hydration/dehydration, but also on CO2 intercalation reactions. Our results also suggest a competition between water and CO2 for interlayer residency where increasing concentrations of intercalated water lead to decreasing concentrations of intercalated CO2. Overall, this paper demonstrates the types of measurements required to develop fundamental knowledge that will enhance modeling efforts and reduce risks associated with subsurface storage of CO2. (c) 2013 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Loring, John S.; Schaef, H. Todd; Thompson, Chris J.; Turcu, Romulus V.; Miller, Quin R.; Chen, Jeffry; Hu, Jianzhi; Hoyt, David W.; Martin, Paul F.; Ilton, Eugene S.; Felmy, Andrew R.; Rosso, Kevin M.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99342 USA. RP Loring, JS (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99342 USA. RI Turcu, Flaviu/B-3555-2015; Hu, Jian Zhi/F-7126-2012 OI Turcu, Flaviu/0000-0002-0857-9868; NR 23 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 3 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1876-6102 J9 ENRGY PROCED PY 2013 VL 37 BP 5443 EP 5448 DI 10.1016/j.egypro.2013.06.463 PG 6 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science GA BB7FR UT WOS:000345500505077 ER PT S AU Carey, JW Lewis, K Kelkar, S Zyvoloski, GA AF Carey, J. William Lewis, Kayla Kelkar, Sharad Zyvoloski, George A. BE Dixon, T Yamaji, K TI Geomechanical Behavior of Wells in Geologic Sequestration SO GHGT-11 SE Energy Procedia LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Greenhouse Gas Technologies (GHGT) CY NOV 18-22, 2012 CL Kyoto, JAPAN DE CO2 sequestration; hydrological-mechanical coupling; shear failure; permeability enhancement ID CEMENT AB We present a preliminary model of geomechanical failure in wellbore systems induced by elevated pore-pressure following injection of CO2. The model is a coupled flow and geomechanics and operates on 2-D and 3-D detailed representations of the wellbore environment. We find that failure occurs at over-pressures of 6-7 MPa and that subsequent flow of water and/or CO2 relieves pressure in the injection reservoir. (C) 2013 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Carey, J. William; Lewis, Kayla; Kelkar, Sharad; Zyvoloski, George A.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Carey, JW (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM bcarey@lanl.gov NR 8 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1876-6102 J9 ENRGY PROCED PY 2013 VL 37 BP 5642 EP 5652 DI 10.1016/j.egypro.2013.06.486 PG 11 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science GA BB7FR UT WOS:000345500505100 ER PT S AU Duguid, A Butsch, R Carey, JW Celia, M Chugunov, N Gasda, S Ramakrishnan, TS Stamp, V Wang, J AF Duguid, Andrew Butsch, Robert Carey, J. William Celia, Michael Chugunov, Nikita Gasda, Sarah Ramakrishnan, T. S. Stamp, Vicki Wang, James BE Dixon, T Yamaji, K TI Pre-injection baseline data collection to establish existing wellbore leakage properties SO GHGT-11 SE Energy Procedia LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Greenhouse Gas Technologies (GHGT) CY NOV 18-22, 2012 CL Kyoto, JAPAN DE CCS; Well Cement; Isolation; Permeability; Leakage; Vertical Interference Test; VIT; Annulus; Shale; Caprock ID CEMENT; CO2 AB Poor wellbore integrity is a risk in CO2 storage that must be evaluated at any geologic sequestration site. The conditions of five wells from two fields in Wyoming were studied to better understand pre-injection leakage potential in existing wells. Ultrasonic and sonic logging tools mapped the condition of the casing and cement in each well. Permeability testing outside the casing was conducted using two different dynamic testing tools making point and vertical interference test measurements Permeability was also measured through laboratory testing of cased-hole sidewall cores. The results of laboratory measurements were generally in the microdarcy-to-nanodarcy range and indicate that the well cements have not degraded from exposure to the formation brines. The results of vertical interference tests when compared to lab measurements imply interfaces between casing and cement or cement and formation are more significant with respect to leakage than the quality of the cement at the tested location. (C) 2013 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Duguid, Andrew; Butsch, Robert] Schlumberger Carbon Serv, Columbus, OH 43219 USA. [Carey, J. William] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA. [Celia, Michael; Wang, James] Princeton Univ, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Gasda, Sarah] Uni Res, Integrated Petr Res, Bergen, Norway. [Chugunov, Nikita; Ramakrishnan, T. S.] Schlumberger Doll Res Ctr, Cambridge, MA USA. [Stamp, Vicki] True Oil LLC, Casper, WY USA. RP Duguid, A (reprint author), Schlumberger Carbon Serv, Columbus, OH 43219 USA. EM aduguid@slb.com FU Bruce Brown; U.S. Department of Energy's National Energy Technology Laboratory FX We would like to thank Matteo Loizzo for his assistance in the early phase of this project. We would like to thank our industrial partner for the donation of three wells and support, allowing us to collect data. We would like to thank Bruce Brown and the U.S. Department of Energys National Energy Technology Laboratory for managing and funding this work. NR 15 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1876-6102 J9 ENRGY PROCED PY 2013 VL 37 BP 5661 EP 5672 DI 10.1016/j.egypro.2013.06.488 PG 12 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science GA BB7FR UT WOS:000345500505102 ER PT S AU Schaef, HT Miller, QRS Thompson, CJ Loring, JS Bowden, MS Arey, BW McGrail, BP Rosso, KM AF Schaef, H. T. Miller, Q. R. S. Thompson, C. J. Loring, J. S. Bowden, M. S. Arey, B. W. McGrail, B. P. Rosso, K. M. BE Dixon, T Yamaji, K TI Silicate Carbonation in Supercritical CO2 Containing Dissolved H2O: An in situ High Pressure X-Ray Diffraction and Infrared Spectroscopy Study SO GHGT-11 SE Energy Procedia LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Greenhouse Gas Technologies (GHGT) CY NOV 18-22, 2012 CL Kyoto, JAPAN DE forsterite; wollastonite; carbonation; supercritical carbon dioxide ID DIOXIDE AB Technological advances have been significant in recent years for managing environmentally harmful emissions (mostly CO2) resulting from combustion of fossil fuels. Deep underground geologic formations are viewed as reasonable options for long-term storage of CO2, but mechanisms controlling the stability of rocks and minerals in contact with injected supercritical fluids containing water are relatively unknown. In this paper, we discuss mineral transformation reactions occurring between supercritical CO2 containing water and the silicate minerals forsterite (Mg2SiO4), wollastonite (CaSiO3), and enstatite (MgSiO3). We utilized newly developed in situ high pressure x-ray diffraction (HXRD) and in situ infrared (IR) spectroscopic capabilities to examine the mineral transformation reactions. Forsterite and enstatite were selected as they are important minerals present in igneous and mafic rocks. Wollastonite, classified as a pyroxenoid (similar to a pyroxene), was chosen as a suitably fast-reacting proxy for examining silicate carbonation processes. The experiments were conducted under modest pressures (90 to 160 bar), temperatures between 35 degrees to 70 degrees C, and varying concentrations of water dissolved in the scCO(2). Under these conditions, scCO(2) contains up to 3,500 ppm dissolved water. Forsterite carbonation products identified by in situ HXRD included nesquehonite and magnesite. Wollastonite produced calcite and no detectable crystalline hydrated carbonates. In contrast, enstatite was the least reactive, based on in situ HXRD data that contained no detectable crystalline carbonation. Based on in situ IR spectroscopic measurements, mineral surface hydration processes are critical for these reactions. Thicker water films were associated with forsterite and wollastonite compared to enstatite. Carbonation was evidenced by the appearance and growth of asymmetric C-O stretching bands of carbonate precipitates (1400 to 1550 cm(-1)), and carbonation extents were correlated to water-film thicknesses. Overall, these fundamental studies are beginning to illustrate processes controlling carbonation rates and potentials of silicate minerals. (C) 2013 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Schaef, H. T.; Thompson, C. J.; Loring, J. S.; Bowden, M. S.; Arey, B. W.; McGrail, B. P.; Rosso, K. M.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Miller, Q. R. S.] Univ Wyoming, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. RP Schaef, HT (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM todd.schaef@pnnl.gov FU Carbon Sequestration Initiative; Laboratory Directed Research and Development program at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL); U.S. Department of Energy Office of Fossil Energy; [DE-AC06-76RLO-1830] FX This work was supported by the Carbon Sequestration Initiative, a Laboratory Directed Research and Development program at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), and the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Fossil Energy. Part of this work was performed at EMSL, a national scientific user facility at PNNL that is managed by the DOEs office of Biological and Environmental Research. PNNL is operated for DOE by Battelle Memorial Institute under Contract No. DE-AC06-76RLO-1830. NR 10 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1876-6102 J9 ENRGY PROCED PY 2013 VL 37 BP 5892 EP 5896 DI 10.1016/j.egypro.2013.06.514 PG 5 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science GA BB7FR UT WOS:000345500506016 ER PT S AU Litynski, J McNemar, A Rodosta, T Deel, D Vikara, D Srivastava, RD Myer, L Kane, R AF Litynski, John McNemar, Andrea Rodosta, Traci Deel, Dawn Vikara, Derek Srivastava, Rameshwar D. Myer, Larry Kane, Robert BE Dixon, T Yamaji, K TI US DOE's Efforts to Promote Knowledge Sharing Opportunities from R&D Efforts: Development of the US Carbon Utilization and Storage Atlas and Best Practices Manuals SO GHGT-11 SE Energy Procedia LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Greenhouse Gas Technologies (GHGT) CY NOV 18-22, 2012 CL Kyoto, JAPAN DE DOE; NETL; Regional Carbon Sequestration Partnerships; Knowledge Sharing; Best Practices ARRA Regional Carbon Sequestration Training AB Knowledge sharing among various stakeholders is essential to promote the commercialization of carbon capture. utilization, and storage (CCUS) technologies. The United States Department of Energy (DOE) promotes information and knowledge sharing through various avenues, including the development and distribution of Best Practices Manuals (BPMs). the development of online tools and resources, involvement in working groups on CCUS. and other public outreach and education efforts. One of NETL's main initiatives to promote information and knowledge sharing is the development of a series of BPMs that outline uniform approaches to address a variety of CCUS-related issues and challenges. A major online resource developed by DOE is the National Carbon Sequestration Database and Geographic Information System (NATCARB). which is a geographic information system (GIS)-based tool developed to provide an interactive visual representation of CCUS potential. The series of past and future carbon storage Atlases featuring the Regional Carbon Sequestration Partnerships (RCSPs), such as the to be released United States Carbon Utilization and Storage Atlas, complements NATCARB, and contains additional information regarding commercialization opportunities for CCUS technologies from each of DOE's RCSPs. Building on past successes. NETL is expanding the NATCARB effort through the North American Carbon Atlas Partnership (NACAP) to better assess CCUS potential throughout all of North America. NETL has been actively disseminating knowledge and developing the future required workforce through training centers that are focused on training personnel for future implementation of CCUS technology. (C) 2013 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. Open access under CC BY-NC-ND license. C1 [Litynski, John; McNemar, Andrea; Rodosta, Traci; Deel, Dawn] US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. [Vikara, Derek; Srivastava, Rameshwar D.] US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, KeyLog Syst, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. [Myer, Larry; Kane, Robert] US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Leonardo Technol, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. RP Litynski, J (reprint author), US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. NR 3 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1876-6102 J9 ENRGY PROCED PY 2013 VL 37 BP 6112 EP 6124 DI 10.1016/j.egypro.2013.06.540 PG 13 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science GA BB7FR UT WOS:000345500506042 ER PT S AU Bonneville, A Gilmore, T Sullivan, C Vermeul, V Kelley, M White, S Appriou, D Bjornstad, B Gerst, J Gupta, N Horner, J McNeil, C Moody, M Rike, W Spane, F Thorne, P Zeller, E Zhang, F Hoffmann, J Humphreys, K AF Bonneville, Alain Gilmore, Tyler Sullivan, Charlotte Vermeul, Vince Kelley, Mark White, Signe Appriou, Delphine Bjornstad, Bruce Gerst, Jacqueline Gupta, Neeraj Horner, Jake McNeil, Caitlin Moody, Mark Rike, Williams Spane, Frank Thorne, Paul Zeller, Evan Zhang, Fred Hoffmann, Jeffrey Humphreys, Kenneth BE Dixon, T Yamaji, K TI Evaluating the Suitability for CO2 Storage at the FutureGen 2.0 Site, Morgan County, Illinois, USA SO GHGT-11 SE Energy Procedia LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Greenhouse Gas Technologies (GHGT) CY NOV 18-22, 2012 CL Kyoto, JAPAN DE carbon sequestration; CO2 geological storage; brine aquifer; Illinois; Mt Simon sandstone AB FutureGen 2.0 site will be the first near-zero emission power plant with fully integrated long-tenn storage in a deep, non-potable saline aquifer in the United States. The proposed FutureGen 2.0 CO2 storage site is located in northeast Morgan County, Illinois, U.S.A., forty-eight kilometres from the Meredosia Energy Center where a large-scale oxy-combustion demonstration will be conducted. The demonstration will involve > 90% carbon capture, which will produce more than one million metric tons (MMT) of CO2 per year. The CO2 will be compressed at the power plant and transported via pipeline to the storage site. To examine CO2 storage potential of the site, a 1,467m characterization well (FGA#1) was completed in December 2011. The target injection zone for CO2 storage is in a zone of high permeability within the upper portion of the Mt. Simon Sandstone. Confining beds of the overlying Eau Claire Formation reach a thickness of 126 in. Characterization of the target injection zone and the overlying confining zone was based on wellbore data, cores, and geophysical logs, along with surface geophysical (2-D seismic profiles, magnetic and gravity), and structural data collected during the initial stage of the project. Based on this geological model, 3D simulations of CO2 injection and redistribution were conducted using STOMP-CO2, a multiphase flow and transport simulator. After this characterization stage, it appears that the injection site is a suitable geologic system for CO2 sequestration and that the injection zone is sufficient to receive up to 33 MMT of CO2 at a rate of 1.1 MMT/yr. (C) 2013 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. Open access under CC BY-NC-ND license, C1 [Bonneville, Alain; Gilmore, Tyler; Sullivan, Charlotte; Vermeul, Vince; White, Signe; Appriou, Delphine; Bjornstad, Bruce; Horner, Jake; Spane, Frank; Thorne, Paul; Zhang, Fred] Pacific Northwest Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Gerst, Jacqueline; Gupta, Neeraj; Horner, Jake; Moody, Mark; Rike, Williams; Spane, Frank; Thorne, Paul] Battelle Mem Inst, Columbus, OH USA. [Hoffmann, Jeffrey] Natl Energy Technol Lab, Pittsburgh, PA USA. RP Bonneville, A (reprint author), Pacific Northwest Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM alain.bonneville@pnnl.gov OI White, Signe/0000-0003-4797-8877; Bonneville, Alain/0000-0003-1527-1578; Zhang, Fred/0000-0001-8676-6426 FU American Recovery and Reinvestment Act.; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-FE0001882]; FutureGen Industrial Alliance [DE-FE0001882] FX The FutureGen 2.0 project is supported by a $1 billion commitment in U.S. federal funding from the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act. The program is implemented under Cooperative Agreement DE-FE0001882 between the U.S. Department of Energy and the FutureGen Industrial Alliance, a nonprofit membership organization created to benefit the public interest and the interests of science through research, development, and demonstration of near-zero emissions coal technology. Members of the Alliance include some of the largest coal producers, coal users, and coal equipment suppliers in the world. For more information on FutureGen 2.0, please visit www.futuregenalliance.org. NR 7 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1876-6102 J9 ENRGY PROCED PY 2013 VL 37 BP 6125 EP 6132 DI 10.1016/j.egypro.2013.06.541 PG 8 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science GA BB7FR UT WOS:000345500506043 ER PT S AU Paterson, L Boreham, C Bunch, M Dance, T Ennis-King, J Freifeld, B Haese, R Jenkins, C LaForce, T Raab, M Singh, R Stalker, L Zhang, YQ AF Paterson, Lincoln Boreham, Chris Bunch, Mark Dance, Tess Ennis-King, Jonathan Freifeld, Barry Haese, Ralf Jenkins, Charles LaForce, Tara Raab, Matthias Singh, Rajindar Stalker, Linda Zhang, Yingqi BE Dixon, T Yamaji, K TI Overview of the CO2CRC Otway residual saturation and dissolution test SO GHGT-11 SE Energy Procedia LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Greenhouse Gas Technologies (GHGT) CY NOV 18-22, 2012 CL Kyoto, JAPAN DE Residual trapping; dissolution trapping; field measurement; CO2CRC Otway Project AB Residual and dissolution trapping are important mechanisms for secure geological storage of carbon dioxide. When appraising a potential site, it is desirable to have accurate field-scale estimates of the proportion of trapping by these mechanisms. For this purpose a short single-well test has been conceived that could be implemented before large-scale injection. To test this concept in the field, a residual saturation and dissolution test sequence was conducted at the CO2CRC (Away site during 2011. The test involved injection of 150 tonnes of pure carbon dioxide followed by 454 tonnes of formation water to drive the carbon dioxide to residual saturation. A variety of methods for measuring saturation were applied to the injection zone so the results could be compared. Here we provide an overview of the field-test sequence and the measurement methods. (C) 2013 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. Open access under CC BY-NC-ND license, C1 [Paterson, Lincoln; Ennis-King, Jonathan; LaForce, Tara] CSIRO Earth Sci & Resource Engn, CO2CRC, Private Bag 10, Clayton, Vic 3169, Australia. [Zhang, Yingqi] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Boreham, Chris; Haese, Ralf] Geosci Australia, CO2CRC, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia. [Bunch, Mark] Univ Adelaide, Australian Sch Petr, CO2CRC, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia. [Dance, Tess; Stalker, Linda] CSIRO Earth Sci & Resource Engn, CO2CRC, S Perth, WA 6151, Australia. [Jenkins, Charles] CSIRO Earth Sci & Resource Engn, CO2CRC, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia. [Raab, Matthias; Singh, Rajindar] Univ Melbourne, Sch Earth Sci, CO2CRC, Melbourne, Vic 3010, Australia. RP Paterson, L (reprint author), CSIRO Earth Sci & Resource Engn, CO2CRC, Private Bag 10, Clayton, Vic 3169, Australia. EM lincoln.paterson@csiro.au RI Paterson, Lincoln/B-7156-2015; OI Ennis-King, Jonathan/0000-0002-4016-390X FU Australian Government through CRC Program; Australian National Low Emissions Coal Research and Development (ANLEC RD); Australian Coal Association Low Emissions Technology Limited; Australian Government through Clean Energy Initiative FX We thank Matt Myers, Allison Hortle, Ulrike Schacht, Patrice de Caritat, Jay Black, Teagan Exposito, Janice Trafford and Eleena Wykes and others members of the CO2CRC Otway Project team for their contributions. Funding was provided by the Australian Government through its CRC Program to support this research. The authors also acknowledge financial assistance provided through Australian National Low Emissions Coal Research and Development (ANLEC R&D). ANLEC R&D is supported by Australian Coal Association Low Emissions Technology Limited and the Australian Government through the Clean Energy Initiative. NR 11 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1876-6102 J9 ENRGY PROCED PY 2013 VL 37 BP 6140 EP 6148 DI 10.1016/j.egypro.2013.06.543 PG 9 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science GA BB7FR UT WOS:000345500506045 ER PT S AU Gupta, N Kelley, M Osborne, R Moody, M Gerst, J Mishra, S Howat, E Sullivan, C Spitznogle, G Bhattacharya, I Hammond, M AF Gupta, Neeraj Kelley, Mark Osborne, Rod Moody, Mark Gerst, Jacqueline Mishra, Srikanta Howat, Erica Sullivan, Charlotte Spitznogle, Gary Bhattacharya, Indrajit Hammond, Mike BE Dixon, T Yamaji, K TI Development of conceptual design for commercial-scale geologic storage and monitoring system at American Electric Power Mountaineer Plant SO GHGT-11 SE Energy Procedia LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Greenhouse Gas Technologies (GHGT) CY NOV 18-22, 2012 CL Kyoto, JAPAN DE Mountaineer Plant; geologic storage; Copper Ridge Dolomite; Rose Run Sandstone; system design; site characterization AB A system design for injecting 1.5 million tonnes CO2 per year at the American Electric Power's Mountaineer Plant was developed using geologic and reservoir data from a smaller scale injection validation test and a new test well. The preliminary assessment shows that the thin vuggy zones in the Copper Ridge Dolomite layer have significant injectivity and are likely to fulfill the project needs with two injection wells and an accompanying monitoring system. The monitoring program included wells in the injection, intermediate, and shallow zones for pressure and fluid monitoring, wireline logging, micro-seismic monitoring, surface emissions, corrosion, and mechanical integrity. Cost estimates for the program indicates that the storage system cost is about 20% of the total project cost, i.e., capture, transport, and storage; however, the cost uncertainty in storage is greater due to regulatory and geologic uncertainty. (C) 2013 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. Open access under CC BY-NC-ND license. C1 [Gupta, Neeraj; Kelley, Mark; Osborne, Rod; Moody, Mark; Gerst, Jacqueline; Mishra, Srikanta; Howat, Erica] Battelle Mem Inst, 505 King Ave, Columbus, OH 43201 USA. [Sullivan, Charlotte] Pacific Northwest Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Gupta, N (reprint author), Battelle Mem Inst, 505 King Ave, Columbus, OH 43201 USA. EM gupta@battelle.org FU U.S. DOE [DE-FE002673]; AEP FX Mountaineer CCSII project was conducted with funding from U.S. DOE under Cooperative Agreement DE-FE002673 with AEP, with co-funding from AEP. AEP project managers for the project were Guy Cerimele and Brian Sherrick. In addition to the authors, several Battelle staff contributed significantly to the project, including Jeff Melaragno, Jacqueline Gerst, William Rike, Spencer Stewart, Ernest Nuckols, James Holly, Nick Berelsman, Caitlin McNeil, and Frank Spane from Pacific Northwest National Laboratory. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1876-6102 J9 ENRGY PROCED PY 2013 VL 37 BP 6156 EP 6169 DI 10.1016/j.egypro.2013.06.545 PG 14 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science GA BB7FR UT WOS:000345500506047 ER PT S AU Litynski, J Rodosta, T Vikara, D Srivastava, R AF Litynski, John Rodosta, Traci Vikara, Derek Srivastava, Rameshwar BE Dixon, T Yamaji, K TI US DOE's R&D Program to Develop Infrastructure for Carbon Storage: Overview of the Regional Carbon Sequestration Partnerships and other R&D Field Projects SO GHGT-11 SE Energy Procedia LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Greenhouse Gas Technologies (GHGT) CY NOV 18-22, 2012 CL Kyoto, JAPAN DE DOE; NETL; Regional Carbon Sequestration Partnerships; CCUS Infrastructure; ARRA Site Characterization; ARRA Regional Carbon Sequestration Training AB The Carbon Storage Program being implemented by the U.S. Department of Energy's (DOE) Office of Fossil Energy and managed by the National Energy Technology Laboratory (NETL) is focused on developing technologies to capture, separate, and store CO2 in order to reduce greenhouse gas emissions without adversely affecting energy use or hindering economic growth. NETL envisions having a technology portfolio of safe, cost-effective, greenhouse gas capture, transport, and storage technologies that will be available for commercial deployment. The Carbon Storage Program involves three key technology development elements: (1) Core Research and Development (R&D), (2) Infrastructure, and (3) Global Collaborations. The integration of these elements is addressing technological and marketplace challenges. The Infrastructure element of DOE's Carbon Storage Program is focused on R&D initiatives to advance geologic CO2 storage commercialization. The Infrastructure element highlights DOE's awareness of the importance of addressing CO2 mitigation on a regional level to most effectively manage differences in geology, climate, population density, infrastructure, and socioeconomic development. This element includes a series of geologic CO2 storage field tests through the Regional Carbon Sequestration Partnership (RCSP) Initiative, as well as small-scale geologic CO2 storage field testing efforts used to augment and build on the RCSP field test accomplishments. The Infrastructure element also includes crosscutting projects funded by the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (ARRA) that complement the existing Carbon Storage Programs efforts to develop carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) infrastructure in the United States. These ARRA-supported efforts include the establishment of seven CCUS training centers and nine geologic site characterization projects throughout the United States. Carbon capture, utilization, and storage and other clean coal technologies can play a critical role in mitigating CO2 emissions while supporting U.S. energy security. DOE's Carbon Storage Program has positioned the United States on a path toward ensuring that these enabling technologies will be available to effect broad CC US deployment. NETL is helping to promote widespread CCUS deployment through the Carbon Storage Program's Infrastructure element, which to date has: (1) safely and efficiently injected and stored close to more than three million metric tons of CO2 across nearly 22 active or completed field projects; (2) generated lessons learned from those field projects and documented them in best-practices manuals; (3) relined national CO2 storage assessments through characterization field projects; and (4) trained nearly 1000 students through the Regional Carbon Sequestration Training Centers. Even though NETL's Carbon Storage R&D Program is being implemented through several different initiatives, it should be viewed as an integrated whole, with many of the goals and objectives transitioning from one initiative to the next. (C) 2013 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. Open access under CC BY-NC-ND license. C1 [Litynski, John; Rodosta, Traci] Natl Energy Technol Lab, 626 Cochrans Mill Rd, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. [Vikara, Derek; Srivastava, Rameshwar] Keylog Syst Inc, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. RP Litynski, J (reprint author), Natl Energy Technol Lab, 626 Cochrans Mill Rd, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. EM John.litynski@netl.doe.gov NR 8 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1876-6102 J9 ENRGY PROCED PY 2013 VL 37 BP 6527 EP 6543 DI 10.1016/j.egypro.2013.06.584 PG 17 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science GA BB7FR UT WOS:000345500506084 ER PT S AU Buscheck, TA Elliot, TR Celia, MA Chen, MJ Sun, YW Hao, Y Lu, CH Wolery, TJ Aines, RD AF Buscheck, Thomas A. Elliot, Thomas R. Celia, Michael A. Chen, Mingjie Sun, Yunwei Hao, Yue Lu, Chuanhe Wolery, Thomas J. Aines, Roger D. BE Dixon, T Yamaji, K TI Integrated geothermal-CO2 reservoir systems: Reducing carbon intensity through sustainable energy production and secure CO2 storage SO GHGT-11 SE Energy Procedia LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Greenhouse Gas Technologies (GHGT) CY NOV 18-22, 2012 CL Kyoto, JAPAN DE Geologic CO2 storage; hot sedimentary aquifer; geothermal energy; pressure management; Area of Review; brine utilization ID DIOXIDE; SEQUESTRATION; MANAGEMENT; CAPTURE AB Large-scale geologic CO2 storage (GCS) can be limited by overpressure, while geothermal energy production is often limited by pressure depletion. We investigate how synergistic integration of these complementary systems may enhance the viability of GCS by relieving overpressure, which reduces pore-space competition, the Area of Review, and the risks of CO2 leakage and induced seismicity, and by producing geothermal energy and water, which can defray parasitic energy and water costs of CO2 capture. (C) 2013 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. Open access under CC BY-NC-ND license. C1 [Buscheck, Thomas A.; Chen, Mingjie; Sun, Yunwei; Hao, Yue; Lu, Chuanhe; Wolery, Thomas J.; Aines, Roger D.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 808,L-223, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Elliot, Thomas R.; Celia, Michael A.] Princeton Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Princeton, NJ USA. RP Buscheck, TA (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 808,L-223, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM buscheck1@llnl.gov RI Sun, Yunwei/C-9751-2010 FU USDOE Fossil Energy; National Energy Technology Laboratory; USDOE Geothermal Technologies Program; Carbon Mitigation Initiative at Princeton University; Environmental Protection Agency [RD-83438501]; USDOE by LLNL [DE-AC52-07NA27344] FX This work was sponsored by the USDOE Fossil Energy, National Energy Technology Laboratory, managed by Andrea McNemar, by the USDOE Geothermal Technologies Program, managed by Hidda Thorsteinsson, by the Carbon Mitigation Initiative at Princeton University, and by the Environmental Protection Agency under Cooperative Agreement RD-83438501. We want to acknowledge Jeff Bielicki and Hyungjin Choi at the University of Minnesota for their GETEM analysis of geothermal electrical power generation. This work was performed under the auspices of the USDOE by LLNL under contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. NR 13 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 2 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1876-6102 J9 ENRGY PROCED PY 2013 VL 37 BP 6587 EP 6594 DI 10.1016/j.egypro.2013.06.591 PG 8 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science GA BB7FR UT WOS:000345500506090 ER PT S AU Freifeld, B Zakim, S Pan, L Cutright, B Sheu, M Doughty, C Held, T AF Freifeld, Barry Zakim, Steven Pan, Lehua Cutright, Bruce Sheu, Ming Doughty, Christine Held, Timothy BE Dixon, T Yamaji, K TI Geothermal energy production coupled with CCS: a field demonstration at the SECARB Cranfield Site, Cranfield, Mississippi, USA SO GHGT-11 SE Energy Procedia LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Greenhouse Gas Technologies (GHGT) CY NOV 18-22, 2012 CL Kyoto, JAPAN DE geothermal systems; carbon dioxide; carbon sequestration ID SEQUESTRATION AB A major global research and development effort is underway to commercialize carbon capture and storage (CCS) as a method to mitigate climate change. Recent studies have shown the potential to couple CCS with geothermal energy extraction using supercritical CO2 (ScCO2) as the working fluid. In a geothermal reservoir, the working fluid produces electricity as a byproduct of the CCS process by mining heat out of a reservoir as it is circulated between injector and producer wells. While ScCO2 has lower heat capacity than water, its lower viscosity more than compensates by providing for greater fluid mobility. Furthermore, CO2 exhibits high expansivity and compressibility, which can both help reduce parasitic loads in fluid cycling. Given the high capital costs for developing the deep well infrastructure for geologic storage of CO2, the potential to simultaneously produce geothermal energy is an attractive method to offset some of the costs and added energy requirements for separating and transporting the waste CO2 stream. We present here the preliminary design and reservoir engineering associated with the development of direct-fired turbomachinery for pilot-scale deployment at the SECARB Cranfield Phase III CO2 Storage Project, in Cranfield, Mississippi, U.S.A. The pilot-scale deployment leverages the prior investment in the Cranfield Phase III research site, providing the first ever opportunity to acquire combined CO2 storage/geothermal energy extraction data necessary to address the uncertainties involved in this novel technique. At the SECARB Cranfield Site, our target reservoir, the Tuscaloosa Formation, lies at a depth of 3.0 km, and an initial temperature of 127 degrees C. A CO2 injector well and two existing observation wells are ideally suited for establishing a CO2 thermosiphon and monitoring the thermal and pressure evolution of the well-pair on a timescale that can help validate coupled models. It is hoped that this initial demonstration on a pre-commercial scale can accelerate commercialization of combined CCS/geothermal energy extraction by removing uncertainties in system modeling. (C) 2013 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. Open access under CC BY-NC-ND license. C1 [Freifeld, Barry; Pan, Lehua; Doughty, Christine] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Zakim, Steven; Sheu, Ming; Held, Timothy] Echogen Power Syst LLC, Akron, OH 44308 USA. [Cutright, Bruce] Bur Econ Geol, Austin, TX 78758 USA. RP Freifeld, B (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM bmfreifeld@lbl.gov RI Freifeld, Barry/F-3173-2010; Pan, Lehua/G-2439-2015; Doughty, Christine/G-2389-2015 FU Assistant Secretary for Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy; Geothermal Technologies Program; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX This work was supported by the Assistant Secretary for Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Geothermal Technologies Program, of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. NR 13 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1876-6102 J9 ENRGY PROCED PY 2013 VL 37 BP 6595 EP 6603 DI 10.1016/j.egypro.2013.06.592 PG 9 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science GA BB7FR UT WOS:000345500506091 ER PT S AU Borgia, A Pruess, K Kneafsey, TJ Oldenburg, CM Pan, LH AF Borgia, Andrea Pruess, Karsten Kneafsey, Timothy J. Oldenburg, Curtis M. Pan, Lehua BE Dixon, T Yamaji, K TI Simulation of CO2-EGS in a fractured reservoir with salt precipitation SO GHGT-11 SE Energy Procedia LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Greenhouse Gas Technologies (GHGT) CY NOV 18-22, 2012 CL Kyoto, JAPAN DE CO2-EGS; Geothermal energy; Reservoir modeling; Salt precipitation ID INJECTION AB The use of CO2 as a working fluid in place of formation brines in Enhanced Geothermal Systems (EGS) could allow, in addition to CO2 sequestration, a more efficient recovery of reservoir heat for any given pressure gradient between injection and production wells. We simulate an idealized low-salinity brine-filled reservoir in which we inject CO2. We produce heat from the extracted fluid that is at first just brine, later brine + CO2, and finally CO2 only. As the CO2 plume develops the aquifer dries out, precipitating salt and inducing clogging of the fractures in proximity to the production well. To mitigate this effect, we have simulated combined brine and CO2 injection that, at specific mass fractions, doubles the life of the well but limits the rate of heat extraction. The total heat extracted over the life of the well is 40% larger than in the dry CO2 case. Simulation of more realistic geologic settings with involvement of chemical reactions would be necessary to evaluate the feasibility of CO2-EGS in any particular geothermal system. (C) 2013 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. Open access under CC BY-NC-ND license. C1 [Borgia, Andrea; Pruess, Karsten; Kneafsey, Timothy J.; Oldenburg, Curtis M.; Pan, Lehua] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Borgia, A (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Earth Sci, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM aborgia@lbl.gov RI Kneafsey, Timothy/H-7412-2014; Pan, Lehua/G-2439-2015 OI Kneafsey, Timothy/0000-0002-3926-8587; NR 14 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1876-6102 J9 ENRGY PROCED PY 2013 VL 37 BP 6617 EP 6624 DI 10.1016/j.egypro.2013.06.594 PG 8 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science GA BB7FR UT WOS:000345500506093 ER PT S AU Kuuskraa, VA Godec, ML Dipietro, P AF Kuuskraa, Vello A. Godec, Michael L. Dipietro, Phil BE Dixon, T Yamaji, K TI CO2 Utilization from "Next Generation" CO2 Enhanced Oil Recovery Technology SO GHGT-11 SE Energy Procedia LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Greenhouse Gas Technologies (GHGT) CY NOV 18-22, 2012 CL Kyoto, JAPAN DE CO2-EOR; CO2; enhanced oil recovery; CCUS; residual oil zones; ROZ; oil fields; CO2 capture AB CO2-enhanced oil recovery (CO2-EOR) has emerged as a major option for productively utilizing CO2 emissions captured from electric power and other industrial plants. Not only can oil fields provide secure, well characterized sites for storing CO2, they can also provide revenues to offset the costs of capturing CO2. Though utilization of captured CO2 emissions for enhanced oil recovery has been underway for some time, further advances in CO2-EOR technology could significantly improve the technology's applicability as a revenue generator for CO2 capture and a large-scale CO2 storage option. With application of "next generation" CO2-EOR technologies in geologically favorable settings, the volume of CO2 stored could exceed the CO2 content of the oil produced. The paper draws significantly on the recently completed report sponsored by the U.S. Department of Energy, National Energy Technology Laboratory (U.S. DOE/NETL) and prepared by Advanced Resources International entitled, "Improving Domestic Energy Security and Lowering CO2 Emissions with "Next Generation" CO2-EOR". The paper introduces the feasibility of applying "next generation" CO2-EOR technologies to new, challenging areas, such as to residual oil zones (ROZs) below and beyond the structural confinement of existing oil fields and to offshore oil fields. The paper provides a case study that tracks the performance and the economics of CO2-EOR in the Permian Basin of West Texas. While much of the information in the paper is drawn from the CO2-EOR experiences in North American oil fields, the paper also examines the CO2 utilization and storage potential from applying "next generation" CO2-EOR technology to the large oil fields of the world, drawing on extensions of work performed by Advanced Resources International for the IEA Greenhouse Gas R&D Programme. The paper concludes with two key messages. First, with application of "next generation" technologies to a broader set of oil resources, the market for utilization of CO2 for enhanced oil recovery is much larger than previously assumed. Second, the revenues from the sale of captured CO2 emissions, along with research that reduces the costs of CO2 capture, can greatly accelerate the time when CCS (now CCUS) can be applied at wide scale. (C) 2013 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Kuuskraa, Vello A.; Godec, Michael L.] Adv Resources Int Inc, 4501 Fairfax Dr,Suite 910, Arlington, VA 22203 USA. [Dipietro, Phil] US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. RP Kuuskraa, VA (reprint author), Adv Resources Int Inc, 4501 Fairfax Dr,Suite 910, Arlington, VA 22203 USA. EM vkuuskraa@adv-res.com FU U.S. Department of Energy, National Energy Technology Laboratory [DE-FE0004001] FX This study was sponsored by the U.S. Department of Energy, National Energy Technology Laboratory, under Contract No. DE-FE0004001. NR 9 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 5 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1876-6102 J9 ENRGY PROCED PY 2013 VL 37 BP 6854 EP 6866 DI 10.1016/j.egypro.2013.06.618 PG 13 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science GA BB7FR UT WOS:000345500507011 ER PT S AU Burton, E Beyer, J Bourcier, W O'Brien, K Mateer, N Reed, J AF Burton, Elizabeth Beyer, John Bourcier, William O'Brien, Kevin Mateer, Niall Reed, John BE Dixon, T Yamaji, K TI Carbon Utilization to Meet California's Climate Change Goals SO GHGT-11 SE Energy Procedia LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Greenhouse Gas Technologies (GHGT) CY NOV 18-22, 2012 CL Kyoto, JAPAN DE carbon utilization; beneficial use; California; carbon policy AB We have developed a roadmap of CO2 utilization technologies for the California Energy Commission, a state government energy research, policy and permitting agency. The objective of the roadmap is to identify technologies that can make significant contributions to the state's 2020 and 2050 greenhouse gas (GHG) reduction goals. The state of California, under Assembly Bill 32, is committed to achieving reductions to 1990 GHG inventory levels by 2020 and, under Governor's Executive Order S-3-05, to 80 percent below those levels by 2050. The roadmap will guide future R&D investment and policy development for enabling carbon utilization technologies in California. For the purposes of the roadmap, we defined utilization as including teclmologies that produce a useful product from anthropogenic CO2, or through the processes of capture or sequestration of CO, Technologies may contribute to reductions directly by permanently sequestering CO2, or indirectly by displacing the use of fossil fuels or more potent GHGs, such as CFCs. Technologies considered include: CO2 as a working fluid (including enhanced oil recovery (FOR), enhanced gas recovery (EGR), and enhanced geothennal systems (EGS)), chemical feedstocks, biofuels, building materials, compressed gas energy storage, cushion gas for natural gas storage, and water and marketable minerals produced from displaced sequestration reservoir fluids. Evaluation criteria include technological maturity, potential market size, purity of CO2 required, commercialization time frame, environmental impacts, water use, data on energy-carbon life cycle analysis, and potential local economic benefits such as job creation. In addition, we evaluated the potential impact of non-technical barriers to commercial-scale adoption, such as the need for clear accounting protocols to provide incentives for CO2 producers to adopt these technologies to meet carbon standards. It may be possible to integrate different utilization approaches. For example, CO2 can be reduced to produce methanol or formic acid, is can be converted into fuels. Other processes to functionalize the carbon atom produce saleable chemicals, such as urea. By combining these two approaches, synthesis of even more chemicals directly from CO2 could be achieved. Widespread deployment of CO2 utilization technologies also depends on integration into planning of a future carbon-energy infrastructure. While single projects for some technologies, such as FOR, may create a demand comparable to the CO2 volumes generated by large sources, other technologies may have to be aggregated and/or combined with geologic sequestration to provide the volume of sequestration required. Deployment networks provide opportunities for cost optimization of pipeline infrastructure and for focusing public or private investment to facilitate commercialization. Currently in California, utilization projects are in the research, pilot, or permitting stages, including projects to combine urea production and EOR, produce high carbon-content building materials, and develop chemical and biological CO2 recycling technologies. None of these projects have yet reached the development stage necessary to demonstrate whether the technologies can contribute effectively to reducing California's GHG emissions. (C) 2013 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Burton, Elizabeth; Beyer, John] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, One Cycltron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Bourcier, William] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. [O'Brien, Kevin] LLC, Energy Commercializat, San Ramon, CA 94583 USA. [Mateer, Niall] Univ Calif Berkeley, Calif Inst Energy & Environm, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Reed, John] Kiverdi Inc, QB3 E Bay Innovat Ctr, Berkeley, CA 94710 USA. RP Burton, E (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, One Cycltron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM eburton@lbl.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) National Energy Technology Laboratory (NETL); West Coast Regional Carbon Sequestration Partnership [DE-FC26-05NT42593] FX We also acknowledge the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) National Energy Technology Laboratory (NETL) and the West Coast Regional Carbon Sequestration Partnership under Grant Number DE-FC26-05NT42593 for supporting this paper. NR 1 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1876-6102 J9 ENRGY PROCED PY 2013 VL 37 BP 6979 EP 6986 DI 10.1016/j.egypro.2013.06.631 PG 8 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science GA BB7FR UT WOS:000345500507023 ER PT S AU Burton, E Mateer, N Beyer, J AF Burton, Elizabeth Mateer, Niall Beyer, John BE Dixon, T Yamaji, K TI California's Policy Approach to Develop Carbon Capture, Utilization and Sequestration as a Mitigation Technology SO GHGT-11 SE Energy Procedia LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Greenhouse Gas Technologies (GHGT) CY NOV 18-22, 2012 CL Kyoto, JAPAN DE Carbon storage; greenhouse gas reductions; policy; cap-and-trade; California AB While California has been at the forefront in adopting an aggressive climate change mitigation policy, it has taken a more measured and tentative approach toward creating an enabling policy and a regulatory framework for carbon capture, utilization and sequestration (CC-US) technologies to contribute to greenhouse gas (GHG) reductions. In 2005, Governor's Executive Order S-3-05 required that California reduce GHG emissions to 1990 levels by 2020 and to 80% below 1990 levels by 2050. In 2006, State Assembly Bill 32 codified the 2020 goal into law. In 2006, the California Legislature required two California agencies, the California Energy Commission and the Department of Conservation, to produce a report recommending how the state could facilitate commercial adoption of geologic sequestration from industrial sources. In 2010, three state agencies, the Energy Commission, Public Utilities Commission, and Air Resources Board, convened the California Carbon Capture and Storage Review Panel to make recommendations on specific policy, institutional, and regulatory changes necessary for California to enable commercial-scale carbon capture and geologic storage projects. Since 2006, several legislative bills have been introduced to establish regulatory authority, liability, and address pore space ownership issues, but none have made it into law. To meet the state's aggressive targets, especially the 2050 goal, will nevertheless require widespread adoption of CCUS technologies, according to studies by the California Council on Science and Technology. California contributes 7.5% of the total GHG emissions in the USA, or 1.8% of global GHG emissions. Over half of this currently is from point sources, but that proportion will increase as the state pursues electrification of the transportation sector. Trajectories of future GHG emissions growth suggest mitigation technologies must be implemented at rates on the order of 10-20 million tonnes of GHGs removed per year. The cap-and-trade system recently adopted in California to address the GHG reduction mandates of Assembly Bill 32 would seem to encourage pursuit CCUS technology projects by industrial emitters, hut uncertainties preclude developing viable business cases. Uncertainty includes a lack of data on the costs of capture and storage and the lack of cap-and-trade accounting protocols for CCUS technologies. Although these protocols are scheduled to be developed, they will lag the initialization of cap-and-trade in 2012. (C) 2013 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Burton, Elizabeth; Beyer, John] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, One Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Beyer, John] Univ Calif Berkeley, Calif Inst Energy & Environm, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Burton, E (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, One Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM eburton@lbl.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy (DOE); National Energy Technology Laboratory (NETL) [DE-FC26-05NT42593]; California Energy Commission FX This paper was supported by WESTCARB, the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), and National Energy Technology Laboratory (NETL) under Grant Number DE-FC26-05NT42593 and is based upon studies sponsored by the California Energy Commission. NR 6 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1876-6102 J9 ENRGY PROCED PY 2013 VL 37 BP 7639 EP 7646 DI 10.1016/j.egypro.2013.06.710 PG 8 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science GA BB7FR UT WOS:000345500507097 ER PT J AU Keiser, JR Brady, MP Connatser, RM Lewis, SA AF Keiser, James R. Brady, Michael P. Connatser, Raynella M. Lewis, Samuel A., Sr. TI DEGRADATION OF STRUCTURAL ALLOYS IN BIOMASS-DERIVED PYROLYSIS OIL SO J-FOR-JOURNAL OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY FOR FOREST PRODUCTS AND PROCESSES LA English DT Article ID BIO-OIL; CORROSION AB Biomass can be processed through fast pyrolysis or other methods to produce a liquid with properties that are particularly attractive for producing hydrocarbons that could be substituted for liquid fuels currently derived from petroleum. However, these biomass-derived liquids contain a significant amount of oxygen, much of which is present in the form of water and carboxylic acids, and these components present a number of problems. Measurements of total acid number (TAN) of biomass-derived pyrolysis oil samples show that values in the 60-100 range (roughly equivalent to a pH in the 2-3 range) are fairly common. This level of acidity is severe enough to influence the selection of structural materials that are used in the production, subsequent processing, storage, and transport of pyrolysis oils. Chemical analyses have been conducted and laboratory corrosion studies performed to determine the aggressiveness of the raw pyrolysis oil from several biomass sources. Studies have also assessed the corrosion caused by various boiling-point fractions of oil that have been treated to reduce their acid and oxygen content. Components of biomass pyrolyzers have been fabricated from selected candidate alloys, and these components have been exposed for extended periods during pyrolyzer operation. This paper reports the results of these analyses and corrosion studies. C1 [Keiser, James R.; Brady, Michael P.; Connatser, Raynella M.; Lewis, Samuel A., Sr.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Keiser, JR (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM keiserjr@ornl.gov RI Brady, Michael/A-8122-2008 OI Brady, Michael/0000-0003-1338-4747 FU U. S. Department of Energy's Bioenergy Technologies Office FX Funding for this project was provided by the U. S. Department of Energy's Bioenergy Technologies Office. NR 12 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 8 PU PULP & PAPER TECHNICAL ASSOC CANADA PI MONTREAL PA 740 NOTRE DAME WEST, STE 810, MONTREAL, PQ H3C 3X6, CANADA SN 1927-6311 EI 1927-632X J9 J-FOR JI J-For PY 2013 VL 3 IS 3 SI SI BP 16 EP 22 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Paper & Wood SC Materials Science GA AU5YG UT WOS:000345678800003 ER PT S AU Girsang, IP Dhupia, JS Muljadi, E Singh, M AF Girsang, Irving P. Dhupia, Jaspreet S. Muljadi, Eduard Singh, Mohit GP IEEE TI Gearbox and Drivetrain Models to Study Dynamic Effects of Modern Wind Turbines SO 2013 IEEE ENERGY CONVERSION CONGRESS AND EXPOSITION (ECCE) SE IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE) CY SEP 15-19, 2013 CL Denver, CO SP IEEE, IEEE Ind Applicat Soc, IEEE Power Elect Soc DE gears; stress control; variable-speed drives; wind power generation AB Wind turbine drivetrains consist of components that directly convert kinetic energy from the wind to electrical energy. Therefore, guaranteeing robust and reliable drivetrain designs is important to minimize turbine downtime. Current drivetrain models often lack the ability to model both the impacts of electrical transients as well as wind turbulence and shear in one package. In this work, the capability of the FAST wind turbine computer-aided engineering tool, developed by the National Renewable Energy Laboratory, is enhanced through integration of a dynamic model of the drivetrain. The dynamic drivetrain model is built using Simscape in the MATLAB/Simulink environment and incorporates detailed electrical generator models. This model can be used in the future to test advanced control schemes to extend life of the gearbox. C1 [Girsang, Irving P.; Dhupia, Jaspreet S.] Nanyang Technol Univ, Sch Mech & Aerosp Engn, Singapore 639798, Singapore. [Muljadi, Eduard; Singh, Mohit] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Transmiss & Grid Integrat Grp, Golden, CO USA. Univ Colorado, Dept Elect Comp & Energy Engn, Boulder, CO USA. RP Girsang, IP (reprint author), Nanyang Technol Univ, Sch Mech & Aerosp Engn, Singapore 639798, Singapore. EM irving1@e.ntu.edu.sg; djaspreet@ntu.edu.sg; eduard.muljadi@nrel.gov; mohit.singh@nrel.gov RI Dhupia, Jaspreet /A-3818-2011 OI Dhupia, Jaspreet /0000-0001-7181-1917 NR 23 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 6 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2329-3721 BN 978-1-4799-0336-8 J9 IEEE ENER CONV PY 2013 BP 874 EP 881 DI 10.1109/ECCE.2013.6646795 PG 8 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA BB6ZM UT WOS:000345216901024 ER PT S AU Singh, M Muljadi, E Gevorgian, V Jonkman, J AF Singh, Mohit Muljadi, Eduard Gevorgian, Vahan Jonkman, Jason GP IEEE TI Simulation Tool to Assess Mechanical and Electrical Stresses on Wind Turbine Generators SO 2013 IEEE ENERGY CONVERSION CONGRESS AND EXPOSITION (ECCE) SE IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE) CY SEP 15-19, 2013 CL Denver, CO SP IEEE, IEEE Ind Applicat Soc, IEEE Power Elect Soc DE aerodynamic control; electromechanical interaction; variable speed; wind turbine; wind power generation AB Wind turbine generators (WTGs) consist of many different components to convert kinetic energy of the wind into electrical energy for end users. Wind energy is accessed to provide mechanical torque for driving the shaft of the electrical generator. The conversion from wind power to mechanical power is governed by the aerodynamic conversion. The aerodynamic-electrical-conversion efficiency of a WTG is influenced by the efficiency of the blades, the gearbox, the generator, and the power converter. This paper describes the use of MATLAB/Simulink to simulate the electrical and grid-related aspects of a WTG coupled with the FAST aeroelastic wind turbine computer-aided engineering tool to simulate the aerodynamic and mechanical aspects of a WTG. The combination of the two enables studies involving both electrical and mechanical aspects of a WTG. For example, mechanical engineers can formulate generator control that may preserve the life of the gearbox or mitigate the impact of transient events occurring on the transmission lines (faults, voltage and frequency dips, unbalanced voltages, etc.). Similarly, electrical engineers can study the impact of high-ramping wind speeds on power systems, as well as the impact of turbulence on the voltage and frequency of a small balancing authority area. This digest includes some examples of the capabilities of the FAST and MATLAB coupling, namely the effects of electrical faults on the blade moments. C1 [Singh, Mohit; Muljadi, Eduard; Gevorgian, Vahan; Jonkman, Jason] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 49647 USA. RP Singh, M (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 49647 USA. NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2329-3721 BN 978-1-4799-0336-8 J9 IEEE ENER CONV PY 2013 BP 890 EP 895 PG 6 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA BB6ZM UT WOS:000345216901026 ER PT S AU Su, GJ Tang, LX AF Su, Gui-Jia Tang, Lixin GP IEEE TI An Integrated Onboard Charger and Accessory Power Converter for Plug-in Electric Vehicles SO 2013 IEEE ENERGY CONVERSION CONGRESS AND EXPOSITION (ECCE) SE IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE) CY SEP 15-19, 2013 CL Denver, CO SP IEEE, IEEE Ind Applicat Soc, IEEE Power Elect Soc ID BATTERY CHARGER; INVERTER AB This paper presents an integrated onboard battery charger and accessory dc-dc converter for plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs). The integrated charger utilizes the already available traction drive inverters and motors in a PEV as the frond converter of the charger circuit and shares the high frequency transformer with the 14V accessory dc-dc converter for providing galvanic isolation. As a result, the integrated charger has lower cost, weight, and volume than a standalone charger. Experimental results on a 5 kW charger prototype are included to verify the topology. C1 [Su, Gui-Jia; Tang, Lixin] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Power Elect & Elect Machinery Grp, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RP Su, GJ (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Power Elect & Elect Machinery Grp, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM sugj@ornl.gov NR 10 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2329-3721 BN 978-1-4799-0336-8 J9 IEEE ENER CONV PY 2013 BP 1592 EP 1597 PG 6 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA BB6ZM UT WOS:000345216901124 ER PT S AU Su, GJ Tang, LX Ayers, C Wiles, R AF Su, Gui-Jia Tang, Lixin Ayers, Curt Wiles, Randy GP IEEE TI An Inverter Packaging Scheme for an Integrated Segmented Traction Drive System SO 2013 IEEE ENERGY CONVERSION CONGRESS AND EXPOSITION (ECCE) SE IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE) CY SEP 15-19, 2013 CL Denver, CO SP IEEE, IEEE Ind Applicat Soc, IEEE Power Elect Soc ID PWM; CONVERTERS AB The standard voltage source inverter (VSI), widely used in electric vehicle/hybrid electric vehicle (EV/HEV) traction drives, requires a bulky dc bus capacitor to absorb the large switching ripple currents and prevent them from shortening the battery's life. The dc bus capacitor presents a significant barrier to meeting inverter cost, volume, and weight requirements for mass production of affordable EVs/HEVs. The large ripple currents become even more problematic for the film capacitors (the capacitor technology of choice for EVs/HEVs) in high temperature environments as their ripple current handling capability decreases rapidly with rising temperatures. It is shown in previous work that segmenting the VSI based traction drive system can significantly decrease the ripple currents and thus the size of the dc bus capacitor. This paper presents an integrated packaging scheme to reduce the system cost of a segmented traction drive. C1 [Su, Gui-Jia; Tang, Lixin; Ayers, Curt; Wiles, Randy] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Power Elect & Elect Machinery Grp, Knoxville, TN 37931 USA. RP Su, GJ (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Power Elect & Elect Machinery Grp, Knoxville, TN 37931 USA. EM sugj@ornl.gov NR 13 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2329-3721 BN 978-1-4799-0336-8 J9 IEEE ENER CONV PY 2013 BP 2799 EP 2804 PG 6 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA BB6ZM UT WOS:000345216903014 ER PT S AU Liang, ZX Ning, PQ Wang, F AF Liang, Zhenxian Ning, Puqi Wang, Fred GP IEEE TI Advanced Packaging of SiC Power Module for Automotive Applications SO 2013 IEEE ENERGY CONVERSION CONGRESS AND EXPOSITION (ECCE) SE IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE) CY SEP 15-19, 2013 CL Denver, CO SP IEEE, IEEE Ind Applicat Soc, IEEE Power Elect Soc ID BOOST CONVERTER; PERFORMANCE AB A novel packaging structure of a power module is developed, which integrates direct liquid cooling for power semiconductor devices through bonding of power stage and a unique cold base plate. By using this technology and combining the attributes of SiC power semiconductor switches, an advanced power module, featuring low power losses and high cooling efficiency, have been produced. Directly compared to a silicon (Si) counterparts and conventional packaging, the advantages of this SiC module packaging in cost-effectiveness, power conversion efficiency, power density for power electronics systems have also been demonstrated. C1 [Liang, Zhenxian; Ning, Puqi; Wang, Fred] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Power Elect & Elect Machinery Grp, Knoxville, TN 37919 USA. RP Liang, ZX (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Power Elect & Elect Machinery Grp, Knoxville, TN 37919 USA. EM Liangz@ornl.gov OI Liang, Zhenxian/0000-0002-2811-0944 NR 16 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2329-3721 BN 978-1-4799-0336-8 J9 IEEE ENER CONV PY 2013 BP 2884 EP 2891 PG 8 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA BB6ZM UT WOS:000345216903026 ER PT S AU Saadeh, M Chinthavali, MS Ozpineci, B Mantooth, HA AF Saadeh, M. Chinthavali, Madhu S. Ozpineci, Burak Mantooth, H. A. GP IEEE TI Anti-Series Normally-On SiC JFETs Operating as Bidirectional Switches SO 2013 IEEE ENERGY CONVERSION CONGRESS AND EXPOSITION (ECCE) SE IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE) CY SEP 15-19, 2013 CL Denver, CO SP IEEE, IEEE Ind Applicat Soc, IEEE Power Elect Soc DE SiC; JFET; Bidirectional; Normall-On; Anti-Series; Matrix Converter; Cycloconverter ID TECHNOLOGY; CONVERTER; DEVICES AB Ac-ac matrix converters and cycloconverters require bi-directional switches, which are typically formed by two anti-parallel thyristors or a two-switch (IGBT/MOSFETs) two-diode configuration. As silicon carbide (SiC) and gallium nitride (GaN) devices become more available, it is possible to have higher voltage FETs with low conduction and switching losses and reverse conduction capability, which allows the elimination of the diodes in a bidirectional switch. This paper will investigate a bidirectional switch formation that is formed by using two normally-on SiC JFETs in anti-series with no anti-parallel diodes. C1 [Saadeh, M.; Chinthavali, Madhu S.; Ozpineci, Burak] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Power Elect & Elect Machinery Res Grp, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Saadeh, M.; Mantooth, H. A.] Univ Arkansas, Dept Elect Engn, Fayetteville, AR USA. RP Saadeh, M (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Power Elect & Elect Machinery Res Grp, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM Saadeh_mahmood@yahoo.com; Chinthavalim@ornl.gov; Burak@ornl.gov; Mantooth@uark.edu NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2329-3721 BN 978-1-4799-0336-8 J9 IEEE ENER CONV PY 2013 BP 2892 EP 2897 PG 6 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA BB6ZM UT WOS:000345216903027 ER PT S AU Chinthavali, MS Onar, OC Miller, JM Tang, LX AF Chinthavali, Madhu Sudhan Onar, Omer C. Miller, John M. Tang, Lixin GP IEEE TI Single-Phase Active Boost Rectifier with Power Factor Correction for Wireless Power Transfer Applications SO 2013 IEEE ENERGY CONVERSION CONGRESS AND EXPOSITION (ECCE) SE IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE) CY SEP 15-19, 2013 CL Denver, CO SP IEEE, IEEE Ind Applicat Soc, IEEE Power Elect Soc AB Wireless Power Transfer (WPT) technology is a novel research area in the charging technology that bridges the utility and the automotive industries. There are various solutions that are currently being evaluated by several research teams to find the most efficient way to manage the power flow from the grid to the vehicle energy storage system. There are different control parameters that can be utilized to compensate for the change in the impedance due to system level variables such as battery state-of-charge and coil misalignment. To understand the power flow through the system this paper presents a novel approach to the system model and the impact of different control parameters on the load power. The implementation of an active front-end rectifier on the grid side for power factor control and voltage boost capability for load power regulation is also discussed. C1 [Chinthavali, Madhu Sudhan; Onar, Omer C.; Miller, John M.; Tang, Lixin] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Power Elect & Elect Machinery Grp, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Chinthavali, MS (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Power Elect & Elect Machinery Grp, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM chinthavalim@ornl.gov; onaroc@ornl.gov; millerjm@ornl.gov; tangl@ornl.gov NR 19 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 6 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2329-3721 BN 978-1-4799-0336-8 J9 IEEE ENER CONV PY 2013 BP 3258 EP 3265 PG 8 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA BB6ZM UT WOS:000345216903078 ER PT S AU Singh, M Gevorgian, V Muljadi, E Ela, E AF Singh, Mohit Gevorgian, Vahan Muljadi, Eduard Ela, Erik GP IEEE TI Variable-Speed Wind Power Plant Operating With Reserve Power Capability SO 2013 IEEE ENERGY CONVERSION CONGRESS AND EXPOSITION (ECCE) SE IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE) CY SEP 15-19, 2013 CL Denver, CO SP IEEE, IEEE Ind Applicat Soc, IEEE Power Elect Soc DE wind turbine generator; variable speed; induction generator; governor response; inertial response; renewable energy ID TURBINES AB As the level of wind penetration increases, wind turbine technology must move from merely generating power from wind to taking a role in supporting the bulk power system. Wind turbines should have the capability to provide inertial response and primary frequency (governor) response. Wind turbine generators with this capability can support the frequency stability of the grid. To provide governor response, wind turbines should be able to generate less power than the available wind power and hold the rest in reserves, ready to be accessed as needed. In this paper, we explore several ways to control wind turbine output to enable reserve-holding capability. The focus of this paper is on doubly-fed induction generator (also known as Type 3) and full-converter (also known as Type 4) wind turbines. C1 [Singh, Mohit; Gevorgian, Vahan; Muljadi, Eduard; Ela, Erik] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Transmiss & Grid Integrat Grp, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Singh, M (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Transmiss & Grid Integrat Grp, Golden, CO 80401 USA. NR 10 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2329-3721 BN 978-1-4799-0336-8 J9 IEEE ENER CONV PY 2013 BP 3305 EP 3310 PG 6 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA BB6ZM UT WOS:000345216903084 ER PT S AU Ning, PQ Miller, JM Onar, OC White, CP AF Ning, Puqi Miller, John M. Onar, Omer C. White, Clifford P. GP IEEE TI A Compact Wireless Charging System for Electric Vehicles SO 2013 IEEE ENERGY CONVERSION CONGRESS AND EXPOSITION (ECCE) SE IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE) CY SEP 15-19, 2013 CL Denver, CO SP IEEE, IEEE Ind Applicat Soc, IEEE Power Elect Soc AB In this paper, a compact high efficiency wireless power transfer system has been designed and developed. The detailed gate drive design, cooling system design, power stage development, and system assembling are presented. The successful tests verified the feasibility of wireless power transfer system to achieve over-all 90% efficiency. C1 [Ning, Puqi; Miller, John M.; Onar, Omer C.; White, Clifford P.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Power Elect & Elect Machinery Grp, Oak Ridge, TN 37932 USA. RP Ning, PQ (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Power Elect & Elect Machinery Grp, Oak Ridge, TN 37932 USA. EM ningp@ornl.gov; millerjm@ornl.gov; onaroc@ornl.gov; whitecap@ornl.gov NR 15 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2329-3721 BN 978-1-4799-0336-8 J9 IEEE ENER CONV PY 2013 BP 3629 EP 3634 PG 6 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA BB6ZM UT WOS:000345216903129 ER PT S AU Deline, C MacAlpine, S AF Deline, Chris MacAlpine, Sara GP IEEE TI Use Conditions and Efficiency Measurements of DC Power Optimizers for Photovoltaic Systems SO 2013 IEEE ENERGY CONVERSION CONGRESS AND EXPOSITION (ECCE) SE IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE) CY SEP 15-19, 2013 CL Denver, CO SP IEEE, IEEE Ind Applicat Soc, IEEE Power Elect Soc AB No consensus standard exists for estimating annual conversion efficiency of DC-DC converters or power optimizers in photovoltaic (PV) applications. The performance benefits of PV power electronics including per-panel DC-DC converters depend in large part on the operating conditions of the PV system, along with the performance characteristics of the power optimizer itself. This work presents a case study of three system configurations that take advantage of the capabilities of DC power optimizers. Measured conversion efficiencies of DC-DC converters are applied to these scenarios to determine the annual weighted operating efficiency. A simplified general method of reporting weighted efficiency is given, based on the California Energy Commission's CEC efficiency rating and several input / output voltage ratios. Efficiency measurements of commercial power optimizer products are presented using the new performance metric, along with a description of the limitations of the approach. C1 [Deline, Chris] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [MacAlpine, Sara] Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. RP Deline, C (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. EM chris.deline@nrel.gov; sara.macalpine@colorado.edu FU U.S. Department of Energy [DOE-AC36-08GO28308] FX This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DOE-AC36-08GO28308 with the National Renewable Energy Laboratory. NR 17 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2329-3721 BN 978-1-4799-0336-8 J9 IEEE ENER CONV PY 2013 BP 4801 EP 4807 PG 7 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA BB6ZM UT WOS:000345216905014 ER PT S AU Abodeely, JM Muth, DJ Koch, JB Bryden, KM AF Abodeely, Jared M. Muth, David J. Koch, Joshua B. Bryden, Kenneth M. BE Hrebicek, J Schimak, G Kubasek, M Rizzoli, AE TI A Model Integration Framework for Assessing Integrated Landscape Management Strategies SO ENVIRONMENTAL SOFTWARE SYSTEMS: FOSTERING INFORMATION SHARING SE IFIP Advances in Information and Communication Technology LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 10th IFIP WG 5.11 International Symposium on Environmental Software Systems (ISESS) CY OCT 09-11, 2013 CL Neusiedl am See, AUSTRIA SP Int Federat Informat Proc Working Grp 5 11, Austrian Inst Technol, Dept Safety & Secur DE integrated model; soil organic carbon; greenhouse gas emissions; nitrate leaching ID AGRICULTURAL RESIDUE REMOVAL; SWITCHGRASS; BIOENERGY; CARBON AB Nitrogen application is a standard practice for maximizing productivity of an agronomic system. The challenge is that many commercial scale agricultural systems are inefficient in utilizing the nitrogen that is applied. Therefore, understanding the impact of land management practices on nitrogen use inefficiencies within the agroecosystem is critical. This paper presents an integrated model that quantifies the impact of various land management practices on specific agroecosystem units. This integrated model is composed of the Wind Erosion Prediction System (WEPS), the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation, Version 2 (RUSLE2), the Soil Condition Index (SCI), and the daily CENTURY model, DAYCENT. The integrated model was used to determine the impact of land management strategies on greenhouse gas emissions and nitrate leaching in a 60.5 ha field in Webster County, Iowa, USA. It was found that nitrogen use efficiency can vary significantly across a field and that integrated land management strategies can reduce overall nitrogen losses. C1 [Abodeely, Jared M.; Muth, David J.; Koch, Joshua B.] Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. [Bryden, Kenneth M.] Iowa State Univ, Ames, IA USA. RP Abodeely, JM (reprint author), Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. EM Jared.Abodeely@inl.gov; David.Muth@inl.gov; Joshua.Koch@inl.gov; kmbryden@iastate.edu FU DOE's Office of Biomass Program FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the funding support from DOE's Office of Biomass Program, as well as significant support from all partners in the DOE Biomass Regional Feedback Partnership Program. NR 12 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 3 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 1868-4238 BN 978-3-642-41150-2 J9 IFIP ADV INF COMM TE PY 2013 VL 413 BP 121 EP 128 PG 8 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Computer Science GA BB7FT UT WOS:000345503900012 ER PT J AU Munjiza, A Kruggel-Emden, H Rougier, E Knight, EE Lei, Z AF Munjiza, Ante Kruggel-Emden, Harald Rougier, Esteban Knight, Earl E. Lei, Zhou BE Bischoff, M Ramm, E Onate, E Owen, R Wriggers, P TI FROM PARTICULATES TO SCIENCE OF DISCONTINUA: GENERALIZATION OF PARTICLE SIMULATION METHODS SO PARTICLE-BASED METHODS III: FUNDAMENTALS AND APPLICATIONS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Conference on Particle-based Methods CY SEP 18-20, 2013 CL Stuttgart, GERMANY SP Univ Stuttgart, Univ Hannover, Swansea Univ, European Community Computat Methods Appl Sci Secretariat, CIMNE, Int Assoc Computat Mech DE FDEM; discontinua; simulation; virtual experiment ID DEFORMATION ANALYSIS; BODIES AB In this work, we demonstrate that the rapid developments of methods of discontinua, when coupled with virtual experimentation and complementary discontinua based experimental and theoretical methods, are resulting in a significant paradigm shift from continuum-based analyses to either discontinuum and/or combined continuum discontinumbased approaches. Applications of these new approaches are so diverse (covering topics from traditional mineral processing to applications such as medical research, nano-science, social sciences, astrophysics, etc.) that what started as research on particulate media is rapidly transforming into the science of discontinua. In this paper, this trend is clearly demonstrated through a comparative study of both the fundamental developments in the core simulation technologies (together with synergies between different simulation tools) and their diverse fields of applications. C1 [Munjiza, Ante] Univ London, Dept Engn, Mile End Rd, London E1 4NS, England. [Kruggel-Emden, Harald] Ruhr Univ Bochum, Dept Energy Plant Technol, D-44780 Bochum, Germany. [Rougier, Esteban; Knight, Earl E.; Lei, Zhou] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Geophys Grp EES 17, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Munjiza, A (reprint author), Univ London, Dept Engn, Mile End Rd, London E1 4NS, England. EM a.munjiza@qmul.ac.uk; kruggel-emden@leat.rub.de; erougier@lanl.gov; knighte@laln.gov; zlei@lanl.gov RI Rougier, Esteban/C-9946-2015 OI Rougier, Esteban/0000-0002-4624-2844 NR 35 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT CENTER NUMERICAL METHODS ENGINEERING PI 08034 BARCELONA PA GRAN CAPITAN, S-N, CAMPUS NORTE UPC, MODULO C1, 08034 BARCELONA, SPAIN BN 978-84-941531-8-1 PY 2013 BP 23 EP 34 PG 12 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mechanics SC Computer Science; Materials Science; Mechanics GA BB7AD UT WOS:000345269500001 ER PT J AU Rougier, E Knight, EE Lei, Z Bartoli, G Betti, M Munjiza, A AF Rougier, Esteban Knight, Earl E. Lei, Zhou Bartoli, Gianni Betti, Michele Munjiza, Antonio BE Bischoff, M Ramm, E Onate, E Owen, R Wriggers, P TI PRESERVING SIGNIFICANT HISTORICAL STRUCTURES WITH THE HELP OF COMPUTATIONAL MECHANICS OF DISCONTINUA SO PARTICLE-BASED METHODS III: FUNDAMENTALS AND APPLICATIONS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Conference on Particle-based Methods CY SEP 18-20, 2013 CL Stuttgart, GERMANY SP Univ Stuttgart, Univ Hannover, Swansea Univ, European Community Computat Methods Appl Sci Secretariat, CIMNE, Int Assoc Computat Mech DE FDEM; historical structures; modeling; preservation AB Architectural and engineering geniuses of ancient times have left to the world an important heritage of stone, masonry and other structures ranging from temples, churches, mosques, pyramids to aqueducts, palaces, and dams. Preserving these for future generations is one of the more important challenges facing modern civilization. In some places vibrations from traffic can be a cause of gradual damage, which if not counteracted could result in eventual catastrophic collapse. More often than not, it is earthquakes that pose such a threat that catastrophic failure could occur. Other factors or combination of factors can also cause catastrophic distress to a structure (impacts, blasts, fire, lightening, etc.). Modern engineering design practices usually consider the so called ultimate limit states for a structure as a whole. By using the theory of probability for design parameters such as loads and material properties, one can arrive at the probability of a catastrophic failure of a structure given a particular event. The problem with applying these to significant historical structures is that the computational tools available are at times somewhat limited for ancient structure analyses purposes simply because of the specific and innovative ways the structures were built. In this paper, using the Los Alamos MUNROU package it is demonstrated that the combined finite discrete element method (FDEM) has some unique capabilities in modeling the ultimate limit state of historical buildings; each individual stone blocks or stone anchors could potentially be captured with accurate representation of frictional energy dissipation under transient dynamic loads. Our work here focuses on an initial cursory analysis of the potential earthquake threat posed to one of the most famous historical structures, the Santa Maria Del Fiore Dome in Florence. C1 [Rougier, Esteban; Knight, Earl E.; Lei, Zhou] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Geophys Grp EES 17, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Bartoli, Gianni; Betti, Michele] Univ Florence, DICeA, I-50139 Florence, Italy. [Munjiza, Antonio] Univ London Queen Mary, Dept Engn, London E1 4NS, England. RP Rougier, E (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Geophys Grp EES 17, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM erougier@lanl.gov; knighte@lanl.gov; zlei@lanl.gov; gbartoli@dicea.unifi.it; mbetti@dicea.unifi.it; a.munjiza@qmul.ac.uk RI Rougier, Esteban/C-9946-2015; OI Rougier, Esteban/0000-0002-4624-2844; Betti, Michele/0000-0002-8389-3355; Bartoli, Gianni/0000-0002-5536-3269 NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU INT CENTER NUMERICAL METHODS ENGINEERING PI 08034 BARCELONA PA GRAN CAPITAN, S-N, CAMPUS NORTE UPC, MODULO C1, 08034 BARCELONA, SPAIN BN 978-84-941531-8-1 PY 2013 BP 58 EP 69 PG 12 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mechanics SC Computer Science; Materials Science; Mechanics GA BB7AD UT WOS:000345269500004 ER PT J AU Knight, EE Rougier, E Munjiza, A AF Knight, Earl E. Rougier, Esteban Munjiza, Ante BE Bischoff, M Ramm, E Onate, E Owen, R Wriggers, P TI WHEN CRACKS LOOK DIFFERENT SO PARTICLE-BASED METHODS III: FUNDAMENTALS AND APPLICATIONS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Conference on Particle-based Methods CY SEP 18-20, 2013 CL Stuttgart, GERMANY SP Univ Stuttgart, Univ Hannover, Swansea Univ, European Community Computat Methods Appl Sci Secretariat, CIMNE, Int Assoc Computat Mech DE FDEM; hydrofracture; fluid; modeling ID BODIES AB In this work, by means of numerical experiments based on Los Alamos National Laboratory's combined finite discrete element method (FDEM) software package MUNROU, it is demonstrated that fracture patterns do not only depend on the solid properties, but that the presence of a fluid medium plays a key role in driving both the dynamic fracture propagation and stress state in solid. The "dry" and "wet" fracture patterns obtained in this work look very different, thus emphasizing the critical importance of capturing all of the "first principle physics" involved in order to model all the phases of a given fracturing medium. C1 [Knight, Earl E.; Rougier, Esteban] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Geophys Grp EES 17, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Munjiza, Ante] Queen Mary Univ London, Dept Engn, London E1 4NS, England. RP Knight, EE (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Geophys Grp EES 17, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM knighte@lanl.gov; erougier@lanl.gov; a.munjiza@qmul.ac.uk RI Rougier, Esteban/C-9946-2015 OI Rougier, Esteban/0000-0002-4624-2844 NR 33 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU INT CENTER NUMERICAL METHODS ENGINEERING PI 08034 BARCELONA PA GRAN CAPITAN, S-N, CAMPUS NORTE UPC, MODULO C1, 08034 BARCELONA, SPAIN BN 978-84-941531-8-1 PY 2013 BP 70 EP 79 PG 10 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mechanics SC Computer Science; Materials Science; Mechanics GA BB7AD UT WOS:000345269500005 ER PT J AU Ruggirello, KP Schumacher, SC AF Ruggirello, K. P. Schumacher, S. C. BE Bischoff, M Ramm, E Onate, E Owen, R Wriggers, P TI A DYNAMIC ADAPTATION TECHNIQUE FOR THE MATERIAL POINT METHOD SO PARTICLE-BASED METHODS III: FUNDAMENTALS AND APPLICATIONS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Conference on Particle-based Methods CY SEP 18-20, 2013 CL Stuttgart, GERMANY SP Univ Stuttgart, Univ Hannover, Swansea Univ, European Community Computat Methods Appl Sci Secretariat, CIMNE, Int Assoc Computat Mech DE Material point method; MPM; CPDI; adaptive AB The Lagrangian Material Point Method (MPM) [1, 2] has been implemented into the Eulerian shock physics code CTH[3], at Sandia National Laboratories. Since the MPM uses a background grid to calculate gradients, the method can numerically fracture if an insufficient number of particles per cell are used in high strain problems. Numerical fracture happens when the particles become separated by more than a grid cell leading to a loss of communication between them. One solution to this problem is the Convected Particle Domain Interpolation (CPDI) technique[4] where the shape functions are allowed to stretch smoothly across multiple grid cells, which alleviates this issue but introduces difficulties for parallelization because the particle domains can become non-local. This paper presents an approach where the particles are dynamically split when the volumetric strain for a particle becomes greater than a set limit so that the particle domain is always local, and presents an application to a large strain problem. C1 [Ruggirello, K. P.; Schumacher, S. C.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Ruggirello, KP (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM kruggir@sandia.gov NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU INT CENTER NUMERICAL METHODS ENGINEERING PI 08034 BARCELONA PA GRAN CAPITAN, S-N, CAMPUS NORTE UPC, MODULO C1, 08034 BARCELONA, SPAIN BN 978-84-941531-8-1 PY 2013 BP 482 EP 491 PG 10 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mechanics SC Computer Science; Materials Science; Mechanics GA BB7AD UT WOS:000345269500043 ER PT J AU Schumacher, SC Ruggirello, KP Kashiwa, B AF Schumacher, Shane C. Ruggirello, Kevin P. Kashiwa, Bryan BE Bischoff, M Ramm, E Onate, E Owen, R Wriggers, P TI DYNAMIC FAILURE OF MATERIALS USING THE MATERIAL POINT METHOD IN CTH SO PARTICLE-BASED METHODS III: FUNDAMENTALS AND APPLICATIONS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Conference on Particle-based Methods CY SEP 18-20, 2013 CL Stuttgart, GERMANY SP Univ Stuttgart, Univ Hannover, Swansea Univ, European Community Computat Methods Appl Sci Secretariat, CIMNE, Int Assoc Computat Mech DE MPM; Shock; Hydrodynamics; Failure AB The dynamic failure of materials in a finite volume shock physics computational code poses many challenges. Sandia National Laboratories has added Lagrangian markers as a new capability to CTH. The failure process of a marker in CTH is driven by the nature of Lagrangian numerical methods. This process is performed in three steps and the first step is to detect failure using the material constitutive model. The constitutive model detects failure computing damage or other means from the strain rate, strain, stress, etc. Once failure has been determined the material stress and energy states are released along a path driven by the constitutive model. Once the magnitude of the stress reaches a critical value, the material is switched to another material that behaves hydrodynamically. The hydrodynamic failed material is by definition non-shear-supporting but still retains the Equation of State (EOS) portion of the constitutive model. The material switching process is conservative in mass, momentum and energy. The failed marker material is allowed to fail using the CTH method of void insertion as necessary during the computation. C1 [Schumacher, Shane C.; Ruggirello, Kevin P.] Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800,MS 0836, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Kashiwa, Bryan] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Schumacher, SC (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800,MS 0836, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM scschum@sandia.gov; kruggir@sandia.gov; bak@lanl.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000] FX Sandia National Laboratories is a multi-program laboratory managed and operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corporation, for the U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU INT CENTER NUMERICAL METHODS ENGINEERING PI 08034 BARCELONA PA GRAN CAPITAN, S-N, CAMPUS NORTE UPC, MODULO C1, 08034 BARCELONA, SPAIN BN 978-84-941531-8-1 PY 2013 BP 492 EP 497 PG 6 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mechanics SC Computer Science; Materials Science; Mechanics GA BB7AD UT WOS:000345269500044 ER PT J AU Belotti, P Kirches, C Leyffer, S Linderoth, J Luedtke, J Mahajan, A AF Belotti, Pietro Kirches, Christian Leyffer, Sven Linderoth, Jeff Luedtke, James Mahajan, Ashutosh TI Mixed-integer nonlinear optimization SO ACTA NUMERICA LA English DT Article ID CONSTRAINED QUADRATIC PROGRAMS; PIECEWISE-LINEAR FUNCTIONS; WATER DISTRIBUTION NETWORKS; CUTTING PLANE ALGORITHM; CHVATAL-GOMORY CLOSURE; INTERIOR-POINT METHODS; LIFT-AND-PROJECT; GLOBAL OPTIMIZATION; OUTER-APPROXIMATION; CUT ALGORITHM AB Many optimal decision problems in scientific, engineering, and public sector applications involve both discrete decisions and nonlinear system dynamics that affect the quality of the final design or plan. These decision problems lead to mixed-integer nonlinear programming (MINLP) problems that combine the combinatorial difficulty of optimizing over discrete variable sets with the challenges of handling nonlinear functions. We review models and applications of MINLP, and survey the state of the art in methods for solving this challenging class of problems. Most solution methods for MINLP apply some form of tree search. We distinguish two broad classes of methods: single-tree and multitree methods. We discuss these two classes of methods first in the case where the underlying problem functions are convex. Classical single-tree methods include nonlinear branch-and-bound and branch-and-cut methods, while classical multitree methods include outer approximation and Benders decomposition. The most efficient class of methods for convex MINLP are hybrid methods that combine the strengths of both classes of classical techniques. Non-convex MINLPs pose additional challenges, because they contain non-convex functions in the objective function or the constraints; hence even when the integer variables are relaxed to be continuous, the feasible region is generally non-convex, resulting in many local minima. We discuss a range of approaches for tackling this challenging class of problems, including piecewise linear approximations, generic strategies for obtaining convex relaxations for non-convex functions, spatial branch-and-bound methods, and a small sample of techniques that exploit particular types of non-convex structures to obtain improved convex relaxations. We finish our survey with a brief discussion of three important aspects of MINLP. First, we review heuristic techniques that can obtain good feasible solution in situations where the search-tree has grown too large or we require real-time solutions. Second, we describe an emerging area of mixed-integer optimal control that adds systems of ordinary differential equations to MINLP. Third, we survey the state of the art in software for MINLP. C1 [Belotti, Pietro] Clemson Univ, Dept Math Sci, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. [Kirches, Christian] Heidelberg Univ, Interdisciplinary Ctr Sci Comp, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany. [Kirches, Christian; Leyffer, Sven] Argonne Natl Lab, Math & Comp Sci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Linderoth, Jeff; Luedtke, James] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Ind & Syst Engn, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Mahajan, Ashutosh] Indian Inst Technol, Mumbai 400076, Maharashtra, India. RP Belotti, P (reprint author), Clemson Univ, Dept Math Sci, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. FU Office of Advanced Scientific Computing Research, Office of Science, US Department of Energy [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; US Department of Energy [DE-FG02-05ER25694]; NSF [CCF-0830035] FX This work was supported by the Office of Advanced Scientific Computing Research, Office of Science, US Department of Energy, under Contract DE-AC02-06CH11357, and by the US Department of Energy through grant DE-FG02-05ER25694. This work was also supported through NSF grant CCF-0830035. NR 324 TC 50 Z9 51 U1 3 U2 24 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0962-4929 EI 1474-0508 J9 ACTA NUMER JI Acta Numer. PY 2013 VL 22 BP 1 EP 131 DI 10.1017/S0962492913000032 PG 131 WC Mathematics SC Mathematics GA AT3BY UT WOS:000344811600001 ER PT J AU Garzon, M Gray, LJ Sethian, JA AF Garzon, M. Gray, L. J. Sethian, J. A. BE Idelsohn, S Papadrakakis, M Schrefler, B TI COUPLING LEVEL SET METHODS WITH BOUNDARY INTEGRAL METHODS FOR FREE SURFACE POTENTIAL FLOWS SO COMPUTATIONAL METHODS FOR COUPLED PROBLEMS IN SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING V LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Conference on Computational Methods for Coupled Problems in Science and Engineering CY JUN 17-19, 2013 CL Santa Eulalia, SPAIN DE Potential flows; Level Set methods; Boundary Integral Methods; Wave Breaking; Drop formation ID DYNAMICS AB Non viscid and rotational free fluid flows in moving domains can be used to model various physical phenomenons such us wave breaking, droplet and bubble break up dynamics and electrostatically charged drop distortion, among others. The classical lagrangian fully non linear potential flow model can be recasted in a complete Eulerian formulation using the Level Set approach. The coupled system of partial differential equations is approximated using a Boundary Integral method, to calculate the moving front velocity, and the Level Set method to update the position of the front. The numerical methods involved are: a linear Boundary Element method for the laplacian equation and first order upwind schemes for the Level Set hyperbolic equations. This novel approach has turn out to be very robust and versatile, due to the capability of the Level Set method to handle topological changes of the moving domain. Full details of how to arrive to the Eulerian formulation of the model equations will be presented and the numerical schemes of the coupled system will be also described. Several computational results will be addressed: The propagation and shoaling of a solitary wave over a sloping beach and the collapse of an infinite fluid column under the action of surface tension forces. Recent results on the evolution and distortion of charged droplets and subsequent Coulombic fission will be presented in more detail C1 [Garzon, M.] Univ Oviedo, Dept Appl Math, Calvo Sotelo S-N, Oviedo 33007, Spain. [Gray, L. J.] Bergen Software Serv Int, N-5825 Bergen, Norway. [Sethian, J. A.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Math, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Sethian, J. A.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Dept Math, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Garzon, M (reprint author), Univ Oviedo, Dept Appl Math, Calvo Sotelo S-N, Oviedo 33007, Spain. EM maria.garzon.martin@gmail.com; len@bssi-tt.com; sethian@math.berkeley.edu NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT CENTER NUMERICAL METHODS ENGINEERING PI 08034 BARCELONA PA GRAN CAPITAN, S-N, CAMPUS NORTE UPC, MODULO C1, 08034 BARCELONA, SPAIN BN 978-84-941407-6-1 PY 2013 BP 193 EP 204 PG 12 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Engineering; Mathematics GA BB6YP UT WOS:000345147900016 ER PT B AU Dobaczewski, J Nazarewicz, W AF Dobaczewski, J. Nazarewicz, W. BE Broglia, RA Zelevinsky, V TI Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov Solution of the Pairing Hamiltonian in Finite Nuclei SO FIFTY YEARS OF NUCLEAR BCS: PAIRING IN FINITE SYSTEMS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID SUPERDEFORMED ROTATIONAL BANDS; DENSITY-FUNCTIONAL THEORY; GROUND-STATE PROPERTIES; MEAN-FIELD CALCULATIONS; NEUTRON-DRIP LINE; SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; CONTINUUM; EQUATIONS; EVOLUTION; ELEMENTS AB We present an overview of the Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov (HFB) theory of nucleonic superfluidity for finite nuclei. After introducing basic concepts related to pairing correlations, we show how the correlated pairs are incorporated into the HFB wave function. Thereafter, we present derivation and structure of the HFB equations within the superfluid nuclear density functional formalism and discuss several aspects of the theory, including the unitarity of the Bogoliubov transformation in truncated single-particle and quasiparticle spaces, form of the pairing functional, structure of the HFB continuum, regularization and renormalization of pairing fields, and treatment of pairing in systems with odd particle numbers. C1 [Dobaczewski, J.; Nazarewicz, W.] Univ Warsaw, Inst Expt Phys, Fac Phys, PL-00681 Warsaw, Poland. [Dobaczewski, J.] Univ Jyvaskyla, Dept Phys, FI-40014 Jyvaskyla, Finland. [Nazarewicz, W.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Nazarewicz, W.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Dobaczewski, J (reprint author), Univ Warsaw, Inst Expt Phys, Fac Phys, Ul Hoza 69, PL-00681 Warsaw, Poland. EM Jacek.Dobaczewski@fuw.edu.pl; witek@utk.edu NR 109 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA PO BOX 128 FARRER RD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE BN 978-981-4412-49-0; 978-981-4412-48-3 PY 2013 BP 40 EP 60 D2 10.1142/8526 PG 21 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA BB1QG UT WOS:000341264100005 ER PT B AU Afanasjev, AV AF Afanasjev, A. V. BE Broglia, RA Zelevinsky, V TI Isoscalar and Isovector Neutron-Proton Pairing SO FIFTY YEARS OF NUCLEAR BCS: PAIRING IN FINITE SYSTEMS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID HARTREE-BOGOLIUBOV THEORY; TO-Z NUCLEI; SYMMETRY ENERGY; SHELL-MODEL; T=0; N=Z; BANDS; DEFORMATIONS; VIBRATIONS; CRANKING AB Neutron proton (np-) pairing is expected to play an important role in the N approximate to Z nuclei. In general, it can have isovector and isoscalar character. The existence of isovector np-pairing is well established. On the other hand, it is still debated whether there is an isoscalar np-pairing. A review of the situation with these two types of pairing with special emphasis on the isoscalar one is presented. It is concluded that there is no substantial evidence for the existence of isoscalar np-pairing. C1 [Afanasjev, A. V.] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Afanasjev, A. V.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Joint Inst Heavy Ion Res, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Afanasjev, AV (reprint author), Mississippi State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. EM afansjev@erc.msstate.edu NR 58 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA PO BOX 128 FARRER RD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE BN 978-981-4412-49-0; 978-981-4412-48-3 PY 2013 BP 138 EP 153 D2 10.1142/8526 PG 16 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA BB1QG UT WOS:000341264100012 ER PT B AU Carlson, J Gandolfi, S Gezerlis, A AF Carlson, J. Gandolfi, S. Gezerlis, Alexandros BE Broglia, RA Zelevinsky, V TI Superfluid Pairing in Neutrons and Cold Atoms SO FIFTY YEARS OF NUCLEAR BCS: PAIRING IN FINITE SYSTEMS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID QUASI-PARTICLE INTERACTIONS; FERMI GAS; MATTER; SYSTEMS; STARS; EQUATION; STATE; GAPS AB Ultracold atomic gases and low-density neutron matter are unique in that they exhibit pairing gaps comparable to the Fermi energy which in this sense are the largest in the laboratory and in nature, respectively. This strong pairing regime, or the crossover between the BCS and BEG regimes, requires non-perturbative treatments. We describe Quantum Monte Carlo results useful to understand the properties of these systems, including infinite homogeneous matter and trapped inhomogeneous gases. C1 [Carlson, J.; Gandolfi, S.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Gezerlis, Alexandros] Univ Washington, Dept Phys, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Carlson, J (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM carlson@lanl.gov; stefano@lanl.gov; gezerlis@uw.edu NR 46 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA PO BOX 128 FARRER RD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE BN 978-981-4412-49-0; 978-981-4412-48-3 PY 2013 BP 348 EP 359 D2 10.1142/8526 PG 12 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA BB1QG UT WOS:000341264100027 ER PT B AU Macchiavelli, AO AF Macchiavelli, A. O. BE Broglia, RA Zelevinsky, V TI Experimental Studies of Neutron-Proton Pairing SO FIFTY YEARS OF NUCLEAR BCS: PAIRING IN FINITE SYSTEMS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID TO-Z NUCLEI; RICH NUCLEI; COMPETITION; VIBRATIONS; SHELL; MODEL; T=0; ALIGNMENT; SYMMETRY; STATE AB Pairing in exotic nuclei is a subject of active research in nuclear physics. Of particular interest is the competition between isovector and isoscalar "Cooper pairs", expected to occur in N = Z nuclei. We will review possible signatures of neutron proton pairing and confront recent experimental data with theoretical expectations. Special emphasis is given to the role of two-nucleon transfer reactions and the description of a pilot experiment of the (He-3,p) reaction with a radioactive beam. The possible use of rip knockout reactions as a complementary tool is also considered. We will conclude by delineating a possible path to follow as we move towards the next generation of rare isotopes facilities. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Macchiavelli, AO (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Nucl Sci, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM aom@lbl.gov NR 56 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA PO BOX 128 FARRER RD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE BN 978-981-4412-49-0; 978-981-4412-48-3 PY 2013 BP 432 EP 448 D2 10.1142/8526 PG 17 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA BB1QG UT WOS:000341264100033 ER PT B AU Thompson, IJ AF Thompson, Ian J. BE Broglia, RA Zelevinsky, V TI Reaction Mechanisms of Pair Transfer SO FIFTY YEARS OF NUCLEAR BCS: PAIRING IN FINITE SYSTEMS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID 2-NUCLEON TRANSFER-REACTIONS; WAVE-FUNCTIONS; P,T REACTIONS; ONE-STEP; MODEL; SCATTERING; NUCLEON AB The mechanisms of nuclear transfer reactions are described for the transfer of two nucleons from one nucleus to another. Two-nucleon overlap functions are defined in various coordinate systems, and their transformation coefficients given between coordinate systems. Post and prior couplings are defined for sequential transfer mechanisms, and it is demonstrated that the combination of 'prior-post' couplings avoids non-orthogonality terms, but does not avoid couplings that do not have good zero-range approximations. The simultaneous and sequential mechanisms are demonstrated for the Sn-124(p,t)Sn-122 reaction at 25 MeV using shell-model overlap functions. The interference between the various simultaneous and sequential amplitudes is shown. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Thompson, IJ (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 808,L-414, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM I-Thompson@llnl.gov NR 36 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA PO BOX 128 FARRER RD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE BN 978-981-4412-49-0; 978-981-4412-48-3 PY 2013 BP 455 EP 467 D2 10.1142/8526 PG 13 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA BB1QG UT WOS:000341264100035 ER PT B AU Stephens, FS Lee, IY AF Stephens, F. S. Lee, I. Y. BE Broglia, RA Zelevinsky, V TI Experimental View of Backbending and BCS SO FIFTY YEARS OF NUCLEAR BCS: PAIRING IN FINITE SYSTEMS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID BAND; NUCLEI; STATES; EXCITATION; ISOTOPES; SPECTRA; ER-158 AB In rotating nuclei, backbending appears to be a large increase in the moment of inertia of a band, accompanied by a decrease in the rotational frequency. This has been shown to be a band crossing where one band (e.g. the ground or vacuum band) is crossed by a band in which the Coriolis force has unpaired two high-j nucleons and aligned their angular momentum with the rotation axis of the nucleus. With increasing spin this force gradually quenches the nuclear pairing correlations, with one or two of these band crossings in the process. C1 [Stephens, F. S.; Lee, I. Y.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Stephens, FS (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Nucl Sci, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM fsstephens@lbl.gov; iylee@lbl.gov NR 30 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA PO BOX 128 FARRER RD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE BN 978-981-4412-49-0; 978-981-4412-48-3 PY 2013 BP 505 EP 521 D2 10.1142/8526 PG 17 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA BB1QG UT WOS:000341264100038 ER PT B AU Heenen, PH Hellemans, V Janssens, RVF AF Heenen, P. -H. Hellemans, V. Janssens, R. V. F. BE Broglia, RA Zelevinsky, V TI Pairing Correlations at Superdeformation SO FIFTY YEARS OF NUCLEAR BCS: PAIRING IN FINITE SYSTEMS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID HARTREE-FOCK-BOGOLIUBOV; ROTATIONAL BANDS; IDENTICAL BANDS; MASS REGION; NUCLEI; HG-194; FORCE; SPINS AB Superdeformed bands are rotational sequences of states associated with the collective motion of a nucleus trapped in a secondary potential well of large deformation. As such, superdeformed states do not interact with the states at normal deformation over a large range of spins. They provide a unique opportunity to test nuclear models mid interactions in a regime very different from that applying to normal states. In particular, in a few cases, information about pairing correlations can be readily extracted from the experimental data. These correlations also play an important role in the mechanism responsible for deexcitation of superdeformed bands to the normally deformed states. C1 [Heenen, P. -H.; Hellemans, V.] Univ Libre Bruxelles, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium. [Janssens, R. V. F.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Heenen, PH (reprint author), Univ Libre Bruxelles, CP229, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium. NR 33 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA PO BOX 128 FARRER RD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE BN 978-981-4412-49-0; 978-981-4412-48-3 PY 2013 BP 579 EP 589 D2 10.1142/8526 PG 11 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA BB1QG UT WOS:000341264100043 ER PT B AU Kresin, V AF Kresin, Vladimir BE Broglia, RA Zelevinsky, V TI Pairing in Finite Electronic Systems: Nanoclusters and Potential for Room Temperature Superconductivity, Organic Molecules SO FIFTY YEARS OF NUCLEAR BCS: PAIRING IN FINITE SYSTEMS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID SODIUM CLUSTERS; METALLIC NANOCLUSTERS; SHAPE COEXISTENCE; ENERGY-SPECTRUM; NUCLEI; PARTICLES; STATE; TRANSITIONS; MOMENTS; PHYSICS AB Metallic nanoclusters form a new family of high temperature superconductors. In principle, the value of T-e can be raised up to room temperature. The manifestations of pairing for isolated clusters are similar to those for nuclei. In addition, one can observe the Josephson tunneling between two clusters. One can build the cluster-based tunneling network capable to transfer a macroscopic supercurrent at high temperatures. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Kresin, V (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM vzkrem@lbl.gov NR 62 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA PO BOX 128 FARRER RD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE BN 978-981-4412-49-0; 978-981-4412-48-3 PY 2013 BP 593 EP 607 D2 10.1142/8526 PG 15 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA BB1QG UT WOS:000341264100044 ER PT S AU Myung, ST Khalil, A Sun, YK AF Myung, Seung-Taek Khalil, Amine Sun, Yang-Kook BE Scrosati, B Abraham, KM VanSchalkwijk, W Hassoun, J TI CORE-SHELL STRUCTURE CATHODE MATERIALS FOR RECHARGEABLE LITHIUM BATTERIES SO LITHIUM BATTERIES: ADVANCED TECHNOLOGIES AND APPLICATIONS SE Electrochemical Society Series LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID POSITIVE ELECTRODE MATERIAL; ION BATTERIES; ELECTROCHEMICAL PROPERTIES; HOLLOW SPHERES; SECONDARY BATTERIES; LICOO2 CATHODE; HIGH-ENERGY; LI; MICROSPHERES; PARTICLES C1 [Myung, Seung-Taek] Sejong Univ, Dept Nanoengn, Seoul, South Korea. [Khalil, Amine] Argonne Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Engn Div, Lemont, IL USA. [Sun, Yang-Kook] Sejong Univ, Dept WCU Energy Engn, Seoul, South Korea. [Sun, Yang-Kook] Sejong Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Seoul, South Korea. RP Myung, ST (reprint author), Sejong Univ, Dept Nanoengn, Seoul, South Korea. NR 36 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX PO 19 8SQ, ENGLAND SN 0275-0171 BN 978-1-118-18365-6 J9 ELEC SOC S PY 2013 BP 89 EP 105 D2 10.1002/9781118615515 PG 17 WC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels SC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels GA BA5WX UT WOS:000337047600006 ER PT S AU Chen, ZH Belharouak, I Sun, YK Amine, K AF Chen, Zonghai Belharouak, I. Sun, Yang-Kook Amine, Khalil BE Scrosati, B Abraham, KM VanSchalkwijk, W Hassoun, J TI Li4Ti5O12 FOR HIGH-POWER, LONG-LIFE, AND SAFE LITHIUM-ION BATTERIES SO LITHIUM BATTERIES: ADVANCED TECHNOLOGIES AND APPLICATIONS SE Electrochemical Society Series LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID HIGH-PRECISION; SPINEL; SYSTEM; CELLS; LI4/3TI5/3O4; TEMPERATURES C1 [Chen, Zonghai; Belharouak, I.; Amine, Khalil] Argonne Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Engn Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Sun, Yang-Kook] Sejong Univ, Dept WCU Energy Engn, Seoul, South Korea. [Sun, Yang-Kook] Sejong Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Seoul, South Korea. RP Chen, ZH (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Engn Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 25 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX PO 19 8SQ, ENGLAND SN 0275-0171 BN 978-1-118-18365-6 J9 ELEC SOC S PY 2013 BP 277 EP 290 D2 10.1002/9781118615515 PG 14 WC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels SC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels GA BA5WX UT WOS:000337047600014 ER PT B AU Russell, J Wang, B Patra, N Kral, P AF Russell, J. Wang, B. Patra, N. Kral, P. BE Wang, ZM TI Water Nanodroplets: Molecular Drag and Self-assembly SO NANODROPLETS SE Lecture Notes in Nanoscale Science and Technology LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID ACOUSTIC RADIATION PRESSURE; CARBON NANOTUBE ACTUATORS; GRAPHENE NANORIBBONS; ELASTIC PROPERTIES; FLOWING LIQUIDS; MASS-TRANSPORT; SOLID-SURFACE; DYNAMICS; DROPLETS; VIBRATION AB Directed transport and self-assembly of nanomaterials can potentially be facilitated by water nanodroplets, which could carry reactants or serve as a selective catalyst. We show by molecular dynamics simulations that water nanodroplets can be transported along and around the surfaces of vibrated carbon nanotubes. We show a second transport method where ions intercalated in carbon and boron-nitride nanotubes can be solvated at distance in polarizable nanodroplets adsorbed on their surfaces. When the ions are driven in the nanotubes by electric fields, the adsorbed droplets are dragged together with them. Finally, we demonstrate that water nanodroplets can activate and guide the folding of planar graphene nanostructures. C1 [Russell, J.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60546 USA. [Wang, B.] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Chem, Beijing 100080, Peoples R China. [Patra, N.; Kral, P.] Univ Illinois, Dept Chem, Chicago, IL 60546 USA. [Kral, P.] Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, Chicago, IL 60546 USA. RP Kral, P (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Chem, 845 W Taylor St Rm 4500 SES, Chicago, IL 60546 USA. EM jrussell@anl.gov; wangby@itp.ac.cn; npatra2@uic.edu; pkral@uic.edu NR 105 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 3 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES BN 978-1-4614-9472-0; 978-1-4614-9471-3 J9 LECT NOTES NANOSCALE PY 2013 VL 18 BP 301 EP 327 DI 10.1007/978-1-4614-9472-0_13 D2 10.1007/978-1-4614-9472-0 PG 27 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA BB6LB UT WOS:000344863200014 ER PT B AU Luo, JW Bester, G Zunger, A AF Luo, Jun-Wei Bester, Gabriel Zunger, Alex BE Wang, ZM TI Atomistic Pseudopotential Theory of Droplet Epitaxial GaAs/AlGaAs Quantum Dots SO NANODROPLETS SE Lecture Notes in Nanoscale Science and Technology LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID EXCITON FINE-STRUCTURE; ELECTRIC-FIELD; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; ENTANGLED PHOTONS; BAND-STRUCTURE; LIGHT-HOLE; GAAS; STRAIN; NANOSTRUCTURES; NANOWIRES AB In this chapter, following the introduction to the basic electronic properties of semiconductor quantum dots (QDs), we first briefly introduce our atomistic methodology for multi-million atom nanostructures, which is based on the empirical pseudopotential method for the solution of the single-particle problem combined with the configuration interaction (CI) scheme for the many-body problem which were developed in the solid-state theory group at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory over the past two decades. This methodology, described in Sect. 14.2, can be used to provide quantitative predictions of the electronic and optical properties of colloidal nanostructures containing thousands of atoms as well as epitaxial nanostructures containing several millions of atoms. In Sect. 14.3, we show how the multi-exciton spectra of a droplet epitaxy QD encodes nontrivial structural information that can be uncovered by atomistic many-body pseudopotential calculations. In Sect. 14.4, we investigate the vertical electric field tuning of the fine-structure splitting (FSS) in several InGaAs and GaAs QDs using our atomistic methodology. We reveal the influence of the atomic-scale structure on the exciton FSS in QDs. Finally, a comprehensive and quantitative analysis of the different mechanisms leading to HH-LH mixing in QDs is presented in Sect. 14.5. The novel quantum transmissibility of HH-LH mixing mediated by intermediate states is discovered. The design rules for optimization of the HH-LH mixing in QDs are given in this section. C1 [Luo, Jun-Wei] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Bester, Gabriel] Max Planck Inst Festkorperforsch, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany. [Zunger, Alex] Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. RP Luo, JW (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. EM jun-wei.luo@nrel.gov; G.Bester@fkf.mpg.de; alex.Zunger@colorado.edu RI Bester, Gabriel/I-4414-2012 OI Bester, Gabriel/0000-0003-2304-0817 NR 102 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 3 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES BN 978-1-4614-9472-0; 978-1-4614-9471-3 J9 LECT NOTES NANOSCALE PY 2013 VL 18 BP 329 EP 361 DI 10.1007/978-1-4614-9472-0_14 D2 10.1007/978-1-4614-9472-0 PG 33 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA BB6LB UT WOS:000344863200015 ER PT B AU Ferguson, A Braunecker, W Olson, D Kopidakis, N AF Ferguson, Andrew Braunecker, Wade Olson, Dana Kopidakis, Nikos BE Cicoira, F Santato, C TI Engineering Active Materials for Polymer-Based Organic Photovoltaics SO ORGANIC ELECTRONICS: EMERGING CONCEPTS AND TECHNOLOGIES LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID HETEROJUNCTION SOLAR-CELLS; LOW-BAND-GAP; SUBSTITUTED CONJUGATED POLYMERS; MULTIPLE ADDUCT FULLERENES; OPEN-CIRCUIT VOLTAGE; BULK-HETEROJUNCTION; CHARGE SEPARATION; CONVERSION EFFICIENCY; CARRIER GENERATION; CONDUCTING POLYMER C1 [Ferguson, Andrew; Braunecker, Wade; Olson, Dana; Kopidakis, Nikos] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Chem & Mat Sci Ctr, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Ferguson, Andrew; Braunecker, Wade; Olson, Dana; Kopidakis, Nikos] Natl Ctr Photovolta, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Ferguson, A (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Chem & Mat Sci Ctr, 15013 Denver W Pkwy, Golden, CO 80401 USA. NR 128 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE PUBL PI OXFORD PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0EL, ENGLAND BN 978-3-527-65099-6; 978-3-527-41131-3 PY 2013 BP 273 EP 299 D2 10.1002/9783527650965 PG 27 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Biomaterials SC Materials Science GA BB6SW UT WOS:000344954500012 ER PT S AU Randrup, J Moller, P AF Randrup, J. Moeller, P. BE Hambsch, FJ TI Brownian shape dynamics in fission SO SCIENTIFIC WORKSHOP ON NUCLEAR FISSION DYNAMICS AND THE EMISSION OF PROMPT NEUTRONS AND GAMMA RAYS SE Physics Procedia LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Scientific Workshop on Nuclear Fission Dynamics and the Emission of Prompt Neutrons and Gamma Rays CY NOV 28-30, 2012 CL Biarritz, FRANCE SP JRC IRMM, Stand Nucl Safety, Security & Safeguards Unit, Natl Inst Phys, Nucl Engn Horia Hulubei DE fission; fragment yields; shape evolution ID NUCLEAR-FISSION; DISINTEGRATION AB Remarkably accurate fission-fragment mass distributions can be obtained by treating the nuclear shape evolution as a Metropolis walk on previously calculated five-dimensional potential-energy surfaces; this novel method is briefly reviewed here. (C) 2013 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B. V. C1 [Randrup, J.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Nucl Sci, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab Los Alamos, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Randrup, J (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Nucl Sci, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM JRandrup@LBL.gov FU Office of Nuclear Physics in the U.S. Department of Energy's Office of Science [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; JUSTIPEN/UT [DE-FG02-06ER41407]; National Nuclear Security Administration of the U.S. Department of Energy at Los Alamos National Laboratory [AC52-06NA25396] FX This work was supported by the Office of Nuclear Physics in the U.S. Department of Energys Office of Science under Contract DE-AC02-05CH11231 (JR) and JUSTIPEN/UT grant DE-FG02-06ER41407 (PM), and by the National Nuclear Security Administration of the U.S. Department of Energy at Los Alamos National Laboratory under Contract No. DE-AC52-06NA25396 (PM). NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1875-3892 J9 PHYSCS PROC PY 2013 VL 47 BP 3 EP 9 DI 10.1016/j.phpro.2013.06.002 PG 7 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA BB6ZX UT WOS:000345234700001 ER PT S AU Talou, P Kawano, T Stetcu, I AF Talou, Patrick Kawano, Toshihiko Stetcu, Ionel BE Hambsch, FJ TI Prompt Fission Neutrons and Gamma Rays in a Monte Carlo Hauser-Feshbach Formalism SO SCIENTIFIC WORKSHOP ON NUCLEAR FISSION DYNAMICS AND THE EMISSION OF PROMPT NEUTRONS AND GAMMA RAYS SE Physics Procedia LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Scientific Workshop on Nuclear Fission Dynamics and the Emission of Prompt Neutrons and Gamma Rays CY NOV 28-30, 2012 CL Biarritz, FRANCE SP JRC IRMM, Stand Nucl Safety, Security & Safeguards Unit, Natl Inst Phys, Nucl Engn Horia Hulubei DE Prompt fission neutrons and gamma rays; Monte Carlo Hauser-Feshbach; Cf-252 spontaneous fission ID CF-252; FRAGMENTS AB Prompt fission neutrons and. rays are calculated in the framework of the statistical Hauser-Feshbach formalism applied to the decay of excited primary fission fragments, and implemented in a Monte Carlo approach in the CGMF code. Distributions, correlations and exclusive data on neutrons and. rays are inferred, in addition to the more commonly assessed average spectrum and multiplicity. Questions related to the initial conditions that characterize the fission fragment configurations in deformation, excitation energy, spin and parity, are discussed at some length, and their impact on computed solutions are reviewed. The case of Cf-252 spontaneous fission is used to illustrate typical results obtained in this framework. (C) 2013 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Open access under CC BY-NC-ND license. C1 [Talou, Patrick; Kawano, Toshihiko; Stetcu, Ionel] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Nucl Phys Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Talou, P (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Nucl Phys Grp, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM talou@lanl.gov NR 29 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1875-3892 J9 PHYSCS PROC PY 2013 VL 47 BP 39 EP 46 DI 10.1016/j.phpro.2013.06.007 PG 8 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA BB6ZX UT WOS:000345234700006 ER PT S AU Vogt, R Randrup, J AF Vogt, R. Randrup, J. BE Hambsch, FJ TI Event-by-event modeling of prompt neutrons and photons from neutron-induced and spontaneous fission with FREYA SO SCIENTIFIC WORKSHOP ON NUCLEAR FISSION DYNAMICS AND THE EMISSION OF PROMPT NEUTRONS AND GAMMA RAYS SE Physics Procedia LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Scientific Workshop on Nuclear Fission Dynamics and the Emission of Prompt Neutrons and Gamma Rays CY NOV 28-30, 2012 CL Biarritz, FRANCE SP JRC IRMM, Stand Nucl Safety, Security & Safeguards Unit, Natl Inst Phys, Nucl Engn Horia Hulubei DE fission; prompt neutron emission; prompt photon emission ID FRAGMENTS; CF-252; MULTIPLICITY; EMISSION; ENERGY AB The fast event-by-event fission code FREYA generates large samples of complete fission events. Using FREYA, it is possible to obtain the fission products as well as the prompt neutrons and photons emitted during the fission process, all with complete kinematic information. We can therefore extract any desired correlation observables. Concentrating on U-235(n,f), Pu-239(n,f) and Cf-252(sf), we compare our FREYA results with available data on prompt neutron and photon emission. (C) 2013 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Open access under CC BY-NC-ND license. C1 [Vogt, R.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Div Phys, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. [Vogt, R.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Phys, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Randrup, J.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Vogt, R (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Div Phys, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM vogt2@llnl.gov FU U.S. DOE by LLNL [DE-AC52-07NA27344]; U.S. DOE by LBNL [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX The work of R.V. was performed under the auspices of the U.S. DOE by LLNL under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. The work of J.R. was performed under the auspices of the U.S. DOE by LBNL under Contract DE-AC02-05CH11231. NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1875-3892 J9 PHYSCS PROC PY 2013 VL 47 BP 82 EP 87 DI 10.1016/j.phpro.2013.06.013 PG 6 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA BB6ZX UT WOS:000345234700012 ER PT S AU Loffler, FE Ritalahti, KM Zinder, SH AF Loeffler, Frank E. Ritalahti, Kirsti M. Zinder, Stephen H. BE Stroo, HF Leeson, A Ward, CH TI DEHALOCOCCOIDES AND REDUCTIVE DECHLORINATION OF CHLORINATED SOLVENTS SO BIOAUGMENTATION FOR GROUNDWATER REMEDIATION SE SERDP ESTCP Remediation Technology LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID SP STRAIN CBDB1; ANAEROBIC ENRICHMENT CULTURE; VINYL-CHLORIDE REDUCTASE; 16S RIBOSOMAL-RNA; REAL-TIME PCR; DEHALOSPIRILLUM-MULTIVORANS; MIXED CULTURE; MICROBIAL COMMUNITIES; DEHALOGENASE GENES; SP-NOV C1 [Loeffler, Frank E.; Ritalahti, Kirsti M.] Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Loeffler, Frank E.; Ritalahti, Kirsti M.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Zinder, Stephen H.] Cornell Univ, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Loffler, FE (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. NR 202 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 2 U2 8 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES SN 1869-6864 BN 978-1-4614-4115-1; 978-1-4614-4114-4 J9 SERDP ESTCP REMEDIAT PY 2013 BP 39 EP 88 DI 10.1007/978-1-4614-4115-1_2 D2 10.1007/978-1-4614-4115-1 PG 50 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Engineering, Environmental; Water Resources SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Engineering; Water Resources GA BB6GA UT WOS:000344750600003 ER PT B AU Lambert, B Miller, C Ogard, L Ritchey, B AF Lambert, Bruce Miller, Chad Ogard, Libby Ritchey, Ben BE Bergqvist, R Wilmsmeier, G Cullinane, K TI Observations on the Potential for Dry Port Terminal Developments in the United States SO DRY PORTS - A GLOBAL PERSPECTIVE: CHALLENGES AND DEVELOPMENTS IN SERVING HINTERLANDS SE Transport and Society LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Lambert, Bruce] Inst Trade & Transportat Studies, New Orleans, LA 70130 USA. [Lambert, Bruce] US Army Corps Engineers, Inst Water Resources, Washington, DC USA. [Lambert, Bruce] Int Nav Assoc PIANC, US Sect, Alexandria, VA USA. [Lambert, Bruce] Fed Highway Adm, Washington, DC USA. [Lambert, Bruce] Louisiana State Univ, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Miller, Chad] Univ So Mississippi, Dept Econ & Workforce Dev, Hattiesburg, MS 39406 USA. [Ogard, Libby] Prime Focus LLC, De Pere, WI USA. [Ogard, Libby] Prime Focus LLC, Retail Div, De Pere, WI USA. [Ritchey, Ben] US DOT, Washington, DC USA. [Ritchey, Ben] US DOE, Washington, DC 20585 USA. RP Lambert, B (reprint author), Inst Trade & Transportat Studies, New Orleans, LA 70130 USA. NR 25 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASHGATE PUBLISHING LTD PI ALDERSHOT PA GOWER HOUSE, CROFT ROAD, ALDERSHOT GU11 3HR, ENGLAND BN 978-1-4094-4425-1; 978-1-4094-4424-4 J9 TRANSP SOC PY 2013 BP 173 EP 195 PG 23 WC Transportation SC Transportation GA BB4WP UT WOS:000343418900010 ER PT S AU Veras, R Medeiros, F Silva, R Ushizima, D AF Veras, Rodrigo Medeiros, Fatima Silva, Romuere Ushizima, Daniela GP IEEE TI Assessing the Accuracy of Macula Detection Methods in Retinal Images SO 2013 18TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON DIGITAL SIGNAL PROCESSING (DSP) SE International Conference on Digital Signal Processing LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 18th International Conference on Digital Signal Processing (DSP) CY JUL 01-03, 2013 CL GREECE ID FUNDUS IMAGES; AUTOMATED LOCALIZATION; OPTIC DISC AB Fundus images are valuable resource in diagnosis because they often present indications about retinal, ophthalmic, and even systemic diseases such as diabetes, hypertension, and arteriosclerosis. Processing and analysis constitutes a relevant task to help specialists in detecting eye diseases. This paper focuses on algorithms to detect macula, a fundamental structure associated with the macular degeneration, that can be recognized from fundus image. We notice two typical ways in which macula detection algorithms have been evaluated: a) one uses a particular image or a single benchmark retina image database instead of several public ones; b) one selects an ad-hoc set of metrics to perform the evaluation for the lack of a standard. In this paper, we propose a set of rules to assess macula detection algorithms, then we compare four macula detection algorithms, using three public benchmark databases, using a total of 254 images. The contribution of this work is to devise a grading scheme that allows comparing different algorithms, as well as identifying cases that are likely to contain macular abnormalities. Finally, the proposed assessment methodology splits the results into success, satisfactory and failure, such that it provides an easier entry to the specialists to address and grade macular edema disease. C1 [Veras, Rodrigo; Silva, Romuere] Univ Fed Piaui UFPI, Dept Comp, Teresina, PI, Brazil. [Medeiros, Fatima] Univ Fed Ceara, Dept Engenharia Teleinformat, Fortaleza, Ceara, Brazil. [Ushizima, Daniela] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Computat Res Div, Berkeley, CA USA. RP Veras, R (reprint author), Univ Fed Piaui UFPI, Dept Comp, Teresina, PI, Brazil. EM rveras@ufpi.edu.br; fsombra@ufc.br; romuere@ufpi.edu.br; dushizima@lbl.gov RI Veras, Rodrigo/D-7358-2015; Medeiros, Fatima/E-1168-2011 OI Medeiros, Fatima/0000-0002-4143-1486 NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1546-1874 BN 978-1-4673-5805-7 J9 INT CONF DIGIT SIG PY 2013 PG 6 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BB5DA UT WOS:000343676800067 ER PT S AU Rak, J Tannenbaum, MJ AF Rak, Jan Tannenbaum, Michael J. BA Rak, J Tannenbaum, MJ BF Rak, J Tannenbaum, MJ TI HIGH p(T) PHYSICS IN THE HEAVY ION ERA Introduction and overview SO HIGH-PT PHYSICS IN THE HEAVY ION ERA SE Cambridge Monographs on Particle Physics Nuclear Physics and Cosmology LA English DT Editorial Material; Book Chapter C1 [Rak, Jan] Univ Jyvaskyla, SF-40351 Jyvaskyla, Finland. [Tannenbaum, Michael J.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, New York, NY USA. RP Rak, J (reprint author), Univ Jyvaskyla, SF-40351 Jyvaskyla, Finland. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA THE PITT BUILDING, TRUMPINGTON ST, CAMBRIDGE CB2 1RP, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 0965-6200 BN 978-0-521-19029-9 J9 CAM MG PART PHYS NUC PY 2013 BP 1 EP 13 D2 10.1017/CBO9780511675720 PG 13 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BA8AI UT WOS:000337921700002 ER PT S AU Rak, J Tannenbaum, MJ AF Rak, Jan Tannenbaum, Michael J. BA Rak, J Tannenbaum, MJ BF Rak, J Tannenbaum, MJ TI HIGH p(T) PHYSICS IN THE HEAVY ION ERA Preface SO HIGH-PT PHYSICS IN THE HEAVY ION ERA SE Cambridge Monographs on Particle Physics Nuclear Physics and Cosmology LA English DT Editorial Material; Book Chapter C1 [Rak, Jan] Univ Jyvaskyla, SF-40351 Jyvaskyla, Finland. [Tannenbaum, Michael J.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, New York, NY USA. RP Rak, J (reprint author), Univ Jyvaskyla, SF-40351 Jyvaskyla, Finland. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA THE PITT BUILDING, TRUMPINGTON ST, CAMBRIDGE CB2 1RP, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 0965-6200 BN 978-0-521-19029-9 J9 CAM MG PART PHYS NUC PY 2013 BP IX EP + D2 10.1017/CBO9780511675720 PG 26 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BA8AI UT WOS:000337921700001 ER PT S AU Rak, J Tannenbaum, MJ AF Rak, Jan Tannenbaum, Michael J. BA Rak, J Tannenbaum, MJ BF Rak, J Tannenbaum, MJ TI Basic observables SO HIGH-PT PHYSICS IN THE HEAVY ION ERA SE Cambridge Monographs on Particle Physics Nuclear Physics and Cosmology LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Rak, Jan] Univ Jyvaskyla, SF-40351 Jyvaskyla, Finland. [Tannenbaum, Michael J.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, New York, NY USA. RP Rak, J (reprint author), Univ Jyvaskyla, SF-40351 Jyvaskyla, Finland. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA THE PITT BUILDING, TRUMPINGTON ST, CAMBRIDGE CB2 1RP, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 0965-6200 BN 978-0-521-19029-9 J9 CAM MG PART PHYS NUC PY 2013 BP 14 EP 27 D2 10.1017/CBO9780511675720 PG 14 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BA8AI UT WOS:000337921700003 ER PT S AU Rak, J Tannenbaum, MJ AF Rak, Jan Tannenbaum, Michael J. BA Rak, J Tannenbaum, MJ BF Rak, J Tannenbaum, MJ TI Some experimental techniques SO HIGH-PT PHYSICS IN THE HEAVY ION ERA SE Cambridge Monographs on Particle Physics Nuclear Physics and Cosmology LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Rak, Jan] Univ Jyvaskyla, SF-40351 Jyvaskyla, Finland. [Tannenbaum, Michael J.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, New York, NY USA. RP Rak, J (reprint author), Univ Jyvaskyla, SF-40351 Jyvaskyla, Finland. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA THE PITT BUILDING, TRUMPINGTON ST, CAMBRIDGE CB2 1RP, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 0965-6200 BN 978-0-521-19029-9 J9 CAM MG PART PHYS NUC PY 2013 BP 28 EP 63 D2 10.1017/CBO9780511675720 PG 36 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BA8AI UT WOS:000337921700004 ER PT S AU Rak, J Tannenbaum, MJ AF Rak, Jan Tannenbaum, Michael J. BA Rak, J Tannenbaum, MJ BF Rak, J Tannenbaum, MJ TI The search for structure SO HIGH-PT PHYSICS IN THE HEAVY ION ERA SE Cambridge Monographs on Particle Physics Nuclear Physics and Cosmology LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Rak, Jan] Univ Jyvaskyla, SF-40351 Jyvaskyla, Finland. [Tannenbaum, Michael J.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, New York, NY USA. RP Rak, J (reprint author), Univ Jyvaskyla, SF-40351 Jyvaskyla, Finland. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA THE PITT BUILDING, TRUMPINGTON ST, CAMBRIDGE CB2 1RP, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 0965-6200 BN 978-0-521-19029-9 J9 CAM MG PART PHYS NUC PY 2013 BP 64 EP 84 D2 10.1017/CBO9780511675720 PG 21 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BA8AI UT WOS:000337921700005 ER PT S AU Rak, J Tannenbaum, MJ AF Rak, Jan Tannenbaum, Michael J. BA Rak, J Tannenbaum, MJ BF Rak, J Tannenbaum, MJ TI Origins of high p(T) physics - the search for the W boson SO HIGH-PT PHYSICS IN THE HEAVY ION ERA SE Cambridge Monographs on Particle Physics Nuclear Physics and Cosmology LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Rak, Jan] Univ Jyvaskyla, SF-40351 Jyvaskyla, Finland. [Tannenbaum, Michael J.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, New York, NY USA. RP Rak, J (reprint author), Univ Jyvaskyla, SF-40351 Jyvaskyla, Finland. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA THE PITT BUILDING, TRUMPINGTON ST, CAMBRIDGE CB2 1RP, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 0965-6200 BN 978-0-521-19029-9 J9 CAM MG PART PHYS NUC PY 2013 BP 85 EP 92 D2 10.1017/CBO9780511675720 PG 8 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BA8AI UT WOS:000337921700006 ER PT S AU Rak, J Tannenbaum, MJ AF Rak, Jan Tannenbaum, Michael J. BA Rak, J Tannenbaum, MJ BF Rak, J Tannenbaum, MJ TI Discovery of hard scattering in p-p collisions SO HIGH-PT PHYSICS IN THE HEAVY ION ERA SE Cambridge Monographs on Particle Physics Nuclear Physics and Cosmology LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Rak, Jan] Univ Jyvaskyla, SF-40351 Jyvaskyla, Finland. [Tannenbaum, Michael J.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, New York, NY USA. RP Rak, J (reprint author), Univ Jyvaskyla, SF-40351 Jyvaskyla, Finland. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA THE PITT BUILDING, TRUMPINGTON ST, CAMBRIDGE CB2 1RP, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 0965-6200 BN 978-0-521-19029-9 J9 CAM MG PART PHYS NUC PY 2013 BP 93 EP 110 D2 10.1017/CBO9780511675720 PG 18 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BA8AI UT WOS:000337921700007 ER PT S AU Rak, J Tannenbaum, MJ AF Rak, Jan Tannenbaum, Michael J. BA Rak, J Tannenbaum, MJ BF Rak, J Tannenbaum, MJ TI Direct single lepton production and the discovery of charm SO HIGH-PT PHYSICS IN THE HEAVY ION ERA SE Cambridge Monographs on Particle Physics Nuclear Physics and Cosmology LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Rak, Jan] Univ Jyvaskyla, SF-40351 Jyvaskyla, Finland. [Tannenbaum, Michael J.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, New York, NY USA. RP Rak, J (reprint author), Univ Jyvaskyla, SF-40351 Jyvaskyla, Finland. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA THE PITT BUILDING, TRUMPINGTON ST, CAMBRIDGE CB2 1RP, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 0965-6200 BN 978-0-521-19029-9 J9 CAM MG PART PHYS NUC PY 2013 BP 111 EP 125 D2 10.1017/CBO9780511675720 PG 15 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BA8AI UT WOS:000337921700008 ER PT S AU Rak, J Tannenbaum, MJ AF Rak, Jan Tannenbaum, Michael J. BA Rak, J Tannenbaum, MJ BF Rak, J Tannenbaum, MJ TI J/Psi, Upsilon and Drell-Yan pair production SO HIGH-PT PHYSICS IN THE HEAVY ION ERA SE Cambridge Monographs on Particle Physics Nuclear Physics and Cosmology LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Rak, Jan] Univ Jyvaskyla, SF-40351 Jyvaskyla, Finland. [Tannenbaum, Michael J.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, New York, NY USA. RP Rak, J (reprint author), Univ Jyvaskyla, SF-40351 Jyvaskyla, Finland. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA THE PITT BUILDING, TRUMPINGTON ST, CAMBRIDGE CB2 1RP, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 0965-6200 BN 978-0-521-19029-9 J9 CAM MG PART PHYS NUC PY 2013 BP 126 EP 146 D2 10.1017/CBO9780511675720 PG 21 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BA8AI UT WOS:000337921700009 ER PT S AU Rak, J Tannenbaum, MJ AF Rak, Jan Tannenbaum, Michael J. BA Rak, J Tannenbaum, MJ BF Rak, J Tannenbaum, MJ TI Two particle correlations SO HIGH-PT PHYSICS IN THE HEAVY ION ERA SE Cambridge Monographs on Particle Physics Nuclear Physics and Cosmology LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Rak, Jan] Univ Jyvaskyla, SF-40351 Jyvaskyla, Finland. [Tannenbaum, Michael J.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, New York, NY USA. RP Rak, J (reprint author), Univ Jyvaskyla, SF-40351 Jyvaskyla, Finland. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA THE PITT BUILDING, TRUMPINGTON ST, CAMBRIDGE CB2 1RP, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 0965-6200 BN 978-0-521-19029-9 J9 CAM MG PART PHYS NUC PY 2013 BP 147 EP 173 D2 10.1017/CBO9780511675720 PG 27 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BA8AI UT WOS:000337921700010 ER PT S AU Rak, J Tannenbaum, MJ AF Rak, Jan Tannenbaum, Michael J. BA Rak, J Tannenbaum, MJ BF Rak, J Tannenbaum, MJ TI Direct photon production SO HIGH-PT PHYSICS IN THE HEAVY ION ERA SE Cambridge Monographs on Particle Physics Nuclear Physics and Cosmology LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Rak, Jan] Univ Jyvaskyla, SF-40351 Jyvaskyla, Finland. [Tannenbaum, Michael J.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, New York, NY USA. RP Rak, J (reprint author), Univ Jyvaskyla, SF-40351 Jyvaskyla, Finland. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA THE PITT BUILDING, TRUMPINGTON ST, CAMBRIDGE CB2 1RP, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 0965-6200 BN 978-0-521-19029-9 J9 CAM MG PART PHYS NUC PY 2013 BP 174 EP 189 D2 10.1017/CBO9780511675720 PG 16 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BA8AI UT WOS:000337921700011 ER PT S AU Rak, J Tannenbaum, MJ AF Rak, Jan Tannenbaum, Michael J. BA Rak, J Tannenbaum, MJ BF Rak, J Tannenbaum, MJ TI The search for jets SO HIGH-PT PHYSICS IN THE HEAVY ION ERA SE Cambridge Monographs on Particle Physics Nuclear Physics and Cosmology LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Rak, Jan] Univ Jyvaskyla, SF-40351 Jyvaskyla, Finland. [Tannenbaum, Michael J.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, New York, NY USA. RP Rak, J (reprint author), Univ Jyvaskyla, SF-40351 Jyvaskyla, Finland. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA THE PITT BUILDING, TRUMPINGTON ST, CAMBRIDGE CB2 1RP, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 0965-6200 BN 978-0-521-19029-9 J9 CAM MG PART PHYS NUC PY 2013 BP 190 EP 213 D2 10.1017/CBO9780511675720 PG 24 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BA8AI UT WOS:000337921700012 ER PT S AU Rak, J Tannenbaum, MJ AF Rak, Jan Tannenbaum, Michael J. BA Rak, J Tannenbaum, MJ BF Rak, J Tannenbaum, MJ TI QCD in hard scattering SO HIGH-PT PHYSICS IN THE HEAVY ION ERA SE Cambridge Monographs on Particle Physics Nuclear Physics and Cosmology LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Rak, Jan] Univ Jyvaskyla, SF-40351 Jyvaskyla, Finland. [Tannenbaum, Michael J.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, New York, NY USA. RP Rak, J (reprint author), Univ Jyvaskyla, SF-40351 Jyvaskyla, Finland. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA THE PITT BUILDING, TRUMPINGTON ST, CAMBRIDGE CB2 1RP, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 0965-6200 BN 978-0-521-19029-9 J9 CAM MG PART PHYS NUC PY 2013 BP 214 EP 243 D2 10.1017/CBO9780511675720 PG 30 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BA8AI UT WOS:000337921700013 ER PT S AU Rak, J Tannenbaum, MJ AF Rak, Jan Tannenbaum, Michael J. BA Rak, J Tannenbaum, MJ BF Rak, J Tannenbaum, MJ TI Heavy ion physics in the high p(T) era SO HIGH-PT PHYSICS IN THE HEAVY ION ERA SE Cambridge Monographs on Particle Physics Nuclear Physics and Cosmology LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Rak, Jan] Univ Jyvaskyla, SF-40351 Jyvaskyla, Finland. [Tannenbaum, Michael J.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, New York, NY USA. RP Rak, J (reprint author), Univ Jyvaskyla, SF-40351 Jyvaskyla, Finland. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA THE PITT BUILDING, TRUMPINGTON ST, CAMBRIDGE CB2 1RP, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 0965-6200 BN 978-0-521-19029-9 J9 CAM MG PART PHYS NUC PY 2013 BP 244 EP 253 D2 10.1017/CBO9780511675720 PG 10 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BA8AI UT WOS:000337921700014 ER PT S AU Rak, J Tannenbaum, MJ AF Rak, Jan Tannenbaum, Michael J. BA Rak, J Tannenbaum, MJ BF Rak, J Tannenbaum, MJ TI RHIC and LHC SO HIGH-PT PHYSICS IN THE HEAVY ION ERA SE Cambridge Monographs on Particle Physics Nuclear Physics and Cosmology LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Rak, Jan] Univ Jyvaskyla, SF-40351 Jyvaskyla, Finland. [Tannenbaum, Michael J.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, New York, NY USA. RP Rak, J (reprint author), Univ Jyvaskyla, SF-40351 Jyvaskyla, Finland. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA THE PITT BUILDING, TRUMPINGTON ST, CAMBRIDGE CB2 1RP, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 0965-6200 BN 978-0-521-19029-9 J9 CAM MG PART PHYS NUC PY 2013 BP 254 EP 301 D2 10.1017/CBO9780511675720 PG 48 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BA8AI UT WOS:000337921700015 ER PT S AU Rak, J Tannenbaum, MJ AF Rak, Jan Tannenbaum, Michael J. BA Rak, J Tannenbaum, MJ BF Rak, J Tannenbaum, MJ TI Probability and statistics SO HIGH-PT PHYSICS IN THE HEAVY ION ERA SE Cambridge Monographs on Particle Physics Nuclear Physics and Cosmology LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Rak, Jan] Univ Jyvaskyla, SF-40351 Jyvaskyla, Finland. [Tannenbaum, Michael J.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, New York, NY USA. RP Rak, J (reprint author), Univ Jyvaskyla, SF-40351 Jyvaskyla, Finland. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA THE PITT BUILDING, TRUMPINGTON ST, CAMBRIDGE CB2 1RP, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 0965-6200 BN 978-0-521-19029-9 J9 CAM MG PART PHYS NUC PY 2013 BP 302 EP 317 D2 10.1017/CBO9780511675720 PG 16 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BA8AI UT WOS:000337921700016 ER PT J AU Constantinescu, EM Anitescu, M AF Constantinescu, Emil M. Anitescu, Mihai TI PHYSICS-BASED COVARIANCE MODELS FOR GAUSSIAN PROCESSES WITH MULTIPLE OUTPUTS SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR UNCERTAINTY QUANTIFICATION LA English DT Article DE Gaussian random field; spatial uncertainty; model calibration; spatial statistics ID MULTIVARIATE RANDOM-FIELDS; RANDOM VIBRATION; CLOSURE; CONSTRUCTION; DIMENSIONS; SYSTEMS AB Gaussian process analysis of processes with multiple outputs is limited by the fact that far fewer good classes of covariance functions exist compared with the scalar (single-output) case. To address this difficulty, we turn to covariance function models that take a form consistent in some sense with physical laws that govern the underlying simulated process. Models that incorporate such information are suitable when performing uncertainty quantification or inferences on multidimensional processes with partially known relationships among different variables, also known as cokriging. One example is in atmospheric dynamics where pressure and wind speed are driven by geostrophic assumptions (wind proportional to partial derivative/partial derivative x pressure). In this study we develop both analytical and numerical auto-covariance and cross-covariance models that are consistent with physical constraints or can incorporate automatically sensible assumptions about the process that generated the data. We also determine high-order closures, which are required for nonlinear dependencies among the observables. We use these models to study Gaussian process regression for processes with multiple outputs and latent processes (i.e., processes that are not directly observed and predicted but inter-relate the output quantities). Our results demonstrate the effectiveness of the approach on both synthetic and real data sets. C1 [Constantinescu, Emil M.; Anitescu, Mihai] Argonne Natl Lab, Math & Comp Sci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Constantinescu, EM (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Math & Comp Sci Div, 9600 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM emconsta@mcs.anl.gov FU US Department of Energy [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX This work was supported by the US Department of Energy through contract no. DE-AC02-06CH11357. We thank Michael Stein for comments on multiple versions of this manuscript. NR 49 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 3 PU BEGELL HOUSE INC PI REDDING PA 50 CROSS HIGHWAY, REDDING, CT 06896 USA SN 2152-5080 EI 2152-5099 J9 INT J UNCERTAIN QUAN JI Int. J. Uncertain. Quantif. PY 2013 VL 3 IS 1 BP 47 EP 71 DI 10.1615/Int.J.UncertaintyQuantification.2012003722 PG 25 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Engineering; Mathematics GA AR2KN UT WOS:000343414300004 ER PT J AU Maljovec, D Wang, B Kupresanin, A Johannesson, G Pascucci, V Bremer, PT AF Maljovec, Dan Wang, Bei Kupresanin, Ana Johannesson, Gardar Pascucci, Valerio Bremer, Peer-Timo TI ADAPTIVE SAMPLING WITH TOPOLOGICAL SCORES SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR UNCERTAINTY QUANTIFICATION LA English DT Article DE adaptive sampling; experimental design; topological techniques ID MORSE-SMALE COMPLEXES; PERSISTENT HOMOLOGY; SCALAR FUNCTIONS; COMPUTATION; DESIGNS AB Understanding and describing expensive black box functions such as physical simulations is a common problem in many application areas. One example is the recent interest in uncertainty quantification with the goal of discovering the relationship between a potentially large number of input parameters and the output of a simulation. Typically, the simulation of interest is expensive to evaluate and thus the sampling of the parameter space is necessarily small. As a result choosing a "good" set of samples at which to evaluate is crucial to glean as much information as possible from the fewest samples. While space-filling sampling designs such as Latin hypercubes provide a good initial cover of the entire domain, more detailed studies typically rely on adaptive sampling: Given an initial set of samples, these techniques construct a surrogate model and use it to evaluate a scoring function which aims to predict the expected gain from evaluating a potential new sample. There exist a large number of different surrogate models as well as different scoring functions each with their own advantages and disadvantages. In this paper we present an extensive comparative study of adaptive sampling using four popular regression models combined with six traditional scoring functions compared against a space-filling design. Furthermore, for a single high-dimensional output function, we introduce a new class of scoring functions based on global topological rather than local geometric information. The new scoring functions are competitive in terms of the root mean squared prediction error but are expected to better recover the global topological structure. Our experiments suggest that the most common point of failure of adaptive sampling schemes are ill-suited regression models. Nevertheless, even given well-fitted surrogate models many scoring functions fail to outperform a space-filling design. C1 [Maljovec, Dan; Wang, Bei; Pascucci, Valerio; Bremer, Peer-Timo] Univ Utah, Sci Comp & Imaging Inst, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. [Kupresanin, Ana; Johannesson, Gardar; Bremer, Peer-Timo] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Wang, B (reprint author), Univ Utah, Sci Comp & Imaging Inst, 72 South Cent Campus Dr, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. EM beiwang@sci.utah.edu FU U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344, LLNL-JRNL-519591]; Uncertainty Quantification Strategic Initiative Laboratory Directed Research and Development Project at LLNL [10-SI-013] FX This work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract No. DE-AC52-07NA27344, LLNL-JRNL-519591, in particular the Uncertainty Quantification Strategic Initiative Laboratory Directed Research and Development Project at LLNL under project tracking code 10-SI-013. NR 54 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 7 PU BEGELL HOUSE INC PI REDDING PA 50 CROSS HIGHWAY, REDDING, CT 06896 USA SN 2152-5080 EI 2152-5099 J9 INT J UNCERTAIN QUAN JI Int. J. Uncertain. Quantif. PY 2013 VL 3 IS 2 BP 119 EP 141 DI 10.1615/Int.J.UncertaintyQuantification.2012003955 PG 23 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Engineering; Mathematics GA AR2KQ UT WOS:000343414600003 ER PT J AU Knoll, A Chan, MKY Lau, KC Bin, L Greeley, J Curtiss, L Hereld, M Papka, ME AF Knoll, Aaron Chan, Maria K. Y. Lau, Kah Chun Liu, Bin Greeley, Jeffrey Curtiss, Larry Hereld, Mark Papka, Michael E. TI UNCERTAINTY CLASSIFICATION AND VISUALIZATION OF MOLECULAR INTERFACES SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR UNCERTAINTY QUANTIFICATION LA English DT Article DE uncertainty; volume rendering; molecular; atomic; quantum mechanics; electron density; charge density; kernel density estimation; radial basis functions ID SURFACE; DYNAMICS; REPRESENTATIONS; ABSTRACTION; EFFICIENT; CHEMISTRY AB Molecular surfaces at atomic and subatomic scales are inherently ill-defined. In many computational chemistry problem, boundaries are better represented as volumetric regions than as discrete surfaces. Molecular structure of a system at equilibrium is given by the self-consistent field, commonly interpreted as a scalar field of electron density. While experimental measurements such as chemical bond and van der Waals radii do not spatially define the interface, they can serve as useful indicators of chemical and inert interactions, respectively. Rather than using these radial values to directly determine surface geometry, we use them to map an uncertainty interval in the electron density distribution, which then guides classification of volume data. This results in a new strategy for representing, analyzing, and rendering molecular boundaries that is agnostic to the type of interaction. C1 [Knoll, Aaron; Hereld, Mark; Papka, Michael E.] Argonne Natl Lab, Math & Comp Sci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Lau, Kah Chun; Curtiss, Larry] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Chan, Maria K. Y.; Liu, Bin; Greeley, Jeffrey] Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Nanoscale Mat, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Knoll, A (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Math & Comp Sci Div, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM knoll@mcs.anl.gov RI Liu, Bin/C-1475-2012; OI Hereld, Mark/0000-0002-0268-2880 FU Office of Advanced Scientific Computing Research, Office of Science, U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; Computational Postdoctoral Fellowship at Argonne National Laboratory under the American Reinvestment and Recovery Act (ARRA); Center for Electrical Energy Storage: Tailored Interfaces, an Energy Frontier Research Center - U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX This work was supported by the Office of Advanced Scientific Computing Research, Office of Science, U.S. Department of Energy, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357, and the Computational Postdoctoral Fellowship at Argonne National Laboratory under the American Reinvestment and Recovery Act (ARRA). Additional support was provided from an Early Career Award (J.G.). B.L., C.L., M.K. Y.C., J.G., and L.C. were supported by the Center for Electrical Energy Storage: Tailored Interfaces, an Energy Frontier Research Center funded by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences. Use of the Center for Nanoscale Materials was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. The authors also thank Aslihan Sumer and Julius Jellinek in the ANL Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division for their insights. NR 37 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU BEGELL HOUSE INC PI REDDING PA 50 CROSS HIGHWAY, REDDING, CT 06896 USA SN 2152-5080 EI 2152-5099 J9 INT J UNCERTAIN QUAN JI Int. J. Uncertain. Quantif. PY 2013 VL 3 IS 2 BP 157 EP 169 DI 10.1615/Int.J.UncertaintyQuantification.2012003950 PG 13 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Engineering; Mathematics GA AR2KQ UT WOS:000343414600005 ER PT J AU Correa, CD Lindstrom, P AF Correa, Carlos D. Lindstrom, Peter TI THE MUTUAL INFORMATION DIAGRAM FOR UNCERTAINTY VISUALIZATION SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR UNCERTAINTY QUANTIFICATION LA English DT Article DE mutual information; entropy; variation of information; uncertainty visualization; Taylor diagrams ID BOX PLOT AB We present a variant of the Taylor diagram, a type of two-dimensional plot that succinctly shows the relationship between two or more random variables based on their variance and correlation. The Taylor diagram has been adopted by the climate and geophysics communities to produce insightful visualizations, e.g., for intercomparison studies. Our variant, which we call the "mutual information diagram," represents the relationship between random variables in terms of their entropy and mutual information, and naturally maps well-known statistical quantities to their information-theoretic counterparts. Our new diagram is able to describe nonlinear relationships where linear correlation may fail; it allows for categorical and multivariate data to be compared; and it incorporates the notion of uncertainty, key in the study of large ensembles of data. C1 [Correa, Carlos D.; Lindstrom, Peter] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, CASC, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Correa, CD (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, CASC, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM correa23@llnl.gov OI Lindstrom, Peter/0000-0003-3817-4199 FU U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344, LLNL-JRNL-558392] FX This work performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract No. DE-AC52-07NA27344; LLNL-JRNL-558392. NR 24 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 5 PU BEGELL HOUSE INC PI DANBURY PA 50 NORTH ST, DANBURY, CT 06810 USA SN 2152-5080 EI 2152-5099 J9 INT J UNCERTAIN QUAN JI Int. J. Uncertain. Quantif. PY 2013 VL 3 IS 3 BP 187 EP 201 DI 10.1615/Int.J.UncertaintyQuantification.2012003959 PG 15 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Engineering; Mathematics GA AR2KU UT WOS:000343415200002 ER PT J AU Weirs, VG Fabian, N Potter, K McNamara, L Otahal, T AF Weirs, V. Gregory Fabian, Nathan Potter, Kristin McNamara, Laura Otahal, Thomas TI UNCERTAINTY IN THE DEVELOPMENT AND USE OF EQUATION OF STATE MODELS SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR UNCERTAINTY QUANTIFICATION LA English DT Article DE materials; uncertainty quantification; representation of uncertainty; model validation and verification; continnum mechanics AB In this paper we present the results from a series of focus groups on the visualization of uncertainty in equation-of-state (EOS) models. The initial goal was to identify the most effective ways to present EOS uncertainty to analysts, code developers, and material modelers. Four prototype visualizations were developed to present EOS surfaces in a three-dimensional, thermodynamic space. Focus group participants, primarily from Sandia National Laboratories, evaluated particular features of the various techniques for different use cases and discussed their individual workflow processes, experiences with other visualization tools, and the impact of uncertainty on their work. Related to our prototypes, we found the 3D presentations to be helpful for seeing a large amount of information at once and for a big-picture view; however, participants also desired relatively simple, two-dimensional graphics for better quantitative understanding and because these plots are part of the existing visual language for material models. In addition to feedback on the prototypes, several themes and issues emerged that are as compelling as the original goal and will eventually serve as a starting point for further development of visualization and analysis tools. In particular, a distributed workflow centered around material models was identified. Material model stakeholders contribute and extract information at different points in this workflow depending on their role, but encounter various institutional and technical barriers which restrict the flow of information. An effective software tool for this community must be cognizant of this workflow and alleviate the bottlenecks and barriers within it. Uncertainty in EOS models is defined and interpreted differently at the various stages of the workflow. In this context, uncertainty propagation is difficult to reduce to the mathematical problem of estimating the uncertainty of an output from uncertain inputs. C1 [Weirs, V. Gregory; Fabian, Nathan; McNamara, Laura; Otahal, Thomas] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Potter, Kristin] Sci Comp & Imaging Inst, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. RP Weirs, VG (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM vgweirs@sandia.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000]; King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) [KUS-C1-016-04]; DOE NETL FX The authors deeply appreciate the time and candid discussion contributed by the focus group participants. Sandia National Laboratories is a multi-program laboratory managed and operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corporation, for the U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under Contract No. DE-AC04-94AL85000. This publication is based on work supported in part by Award No. KUS-C1-016-04, made by King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) and an award from DOE NETL. NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU BEGELL HOUSE INC PI DANBURY PA 50 NORTH ST, DANBURY, CT 06810 USA SN 2152-5080 EI 2152-5099 J9 INT J UNCERTAIN QUAN JI Int. J. Uncertain. Quantif. PY 2013 VL 3 IS 3 BP 255 EP 270 DI 10.1615/Int.J.UncertaintyQuantification.2012003960 PG 16 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Engineering; Mathematics GA AR2KU UT WOS:000343415200006 ER PT J AU Aguilo, MA Swiler, L Urbina, A AF Aguilo, Miguel A. Swiler, Laura Urbina, Angel TI AN OVERVIEW OF INVERSE MATERIAL IDENTIFICATION WITHIN THE FRAMEWORKS OF DETERMINISTIC AND STOCHASTIC PARAMETER ESTIMATION SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR UNCERTAINTY QUANTIFICATION LA English DT Article DE inverse problems; Bayesian calibration; maximum a posteriori estimate; error in constitutive equation; nonlinear least squares; regularization ID PDE-CONSTRAINED OPTIMIZATION; CONSTITUTIVE RELATION ERROR; RADIAL BASIS FUNCTIONS; DETERMINING CONDUCTIVITY; BOUNDARY MEASUREMENTS; ABSTRACT FRAMEWORK; DYNAMICS; IMPLEMENTATION; TOMOGRAPHY; ALGORITHMS AB This work investigates the problem of parameter estimation within the frameworks of deterministic and stochastic parameter estimation methods. For the deterministic methods, we look at constrained and unconstrained optimization approaches. For the constrained optimization approaches we study three different formulations: L-2, error in constitutive equation method (ECE), and the modified error in constitutive equation (MECE) method. We investigate these formulations in the context of both Tikhonov and total variation (TV) regularization. The constrained optimization approaches are compared with an unconstrained nonlinear least-squares (NLLS) approach. In the least-squares framework we investigate three different formulations: standard, MECE, and ECE. With the stochastic methods, we first investigate Bayesian calibration, where we use Monte Carlo Markov chain (MCMC) methods to calculate the posterior parameter estimates. For the Bayesian methods, we investigate the use of a standard likelihood function, a likelihood function that incorporates MECE, and a likelihood function that incorporates ECE. Furthermore, we investigate the maximum a posteriori (MAP) approach. In the MAP approach, parameters' full posterior distribution are not generated via sampling; however, parameter point estimates are computed by searching for the values that maximize the parameters' posterior distribution. Finally, to achieve dimension reduction in both the MCMC and NLLS approaches, we approximate the parameter field with radial basis functions (RBF). This transforms the parameter estimation problem into one of determining the governing parameters for the RBF. C1 [Aguilo, Miguel A.; Swiler, Laura; Urbina, Angel] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Aguilo, MA (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM maguilo@sandia.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000] FX The authors would like to thank the Validation, Verification, and Uncertainty and Quantification (VU) program under the Department of Energy's Nuclear Energy Advanced Modeling and Simulation (NEAMS) program. We would also like to thank Bart Van Bloemen Waanders and Denis Ridzal for fruitful discussions related to this work. Sandia National Laboratories is a multiprogram laboratory managed and operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corporation, for the U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under contract no. DE-AC04-94AL85000. NR 47 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU BEGELL HOUSE INC PI REDDING PA 50 CROSS HIGHWAY, REDDING, CT 06896 USA SN 2152-5080 EI 2152-5099 J9 INT J UNCERTAIN QUAN JI Int. J. Uncertain. Quantif. PY 2013 VL 3 IS 4 BP 289 EP 319 DI 10.1615/Int.J.UncertaintyQuantification.2012003668 PG 31 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Engineering; Mathematics GA AR2KV UT WOS:000343415300002 ER PT J AU Field, RV Constantine, P Boslough, M AF Field, R. V., Jr. Constantine, P. Boslough, M. TI STATISTICAL SURROGATE MODELS FOR PREDICTION OF HIGH-CONSEQUENCE CLIMATE CHANGE SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR UNCERTAINTY QUANTIFICATION LA English DT Article DE Bayesian analysis; climate model; Karhunen-Loeve expansion; non-Gaussian random field; risk analysis ID PROBABILITY DENSITY-FUNCTION; SENSITIVITY; UNCERTAINTIES; ENSEMBLE; SYSTEM AB In safety engineering, performance metrics are defined using probabilistic risk assessments focused on the low-probability, high-consequence tail of the distribution of possible events, as opposed to best estimates based on central tendencies. We frame the climate change problem and its associated risks in a similar manner. To properly explore the tails of the distribution requires extensive sampling, which is not possible with existing coupled atmospheric models due to the high computational cost of each simulation. We therefore propose the use of specialized statistical surrogate models (SSMs) for the purpose of exploring the probability law of various climate variables of interest. An SSM is different than a deterministic surrogate model in that it represents each climate variable of interest as a space/time random field. The SSM can be calibrated to available spatial and temporal data from existing climate databases, e.g., the program for climate model diagnosis and intercomparison (PCMDI), or to a collection of outputs from a general circulation model (GCM), e.g., the community Earth system model (CESM) and its predecessors. Because of its reduced size and complexity, the realization of a large number of independent model outputs from an SSM becomes computationally straightforward, so that quantifying the risk associated with low-probability, high-consequence climate events becomes feasible. A Bayesian framework is developed to provide quantitative measures of confidence, via Bayesian credible intervals, in the use of the proposed approach to assess these risks. C1 [Field, R. V., Jr.; Constantine, P.; Boslough, M.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Field, RV (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM rvfield@sandia.gov RI Constantine, Paul/G-6394-2015 OI Constantine, Paul/0000-0003-3726-6307 FU US Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000] FX The authors would like to thank our colleagues Michael Levy for providing the CCSM data on precipitation rate used in Section 3.2, and Timothy Trucano for his many useful comments on this paper. In addition, the authors are grateful for the two outstanding technical reviews we received. Sandia National Laboratories is a multiprogram laboratory managed and operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corporation, for the US Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under contract no. DE-AC04-94AL85000. NR 25 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 1 PU BEGELL HOUSE INC PI REDDING PA 50 CROSS HIGHWAY, REDDING, CT 06896 USA SN 2152-5080 EI 2152-5099 J9 INT J UNCERTAIN QUAN JI Int. J. Uncertain. Quantif. PY 2013 VL 3 IS 4 BP 341 EP 355 DI 10.1615/Int.J.UncertaintyQuantification.2012003829 PG 15 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Engineering; Mathematics GA AR2KV UT WOS:000343415300004 ER PT J AU Aranguren, ME Fernandez-Breis, JT Mungall, C Antezana, E Gonzalez, AR Wilkinson, MD AF Egana Aranguren, Mikel Tomas Fernandez-Breis, Jesualdo Mungall, Chris Antezana, Erick Rodriguez Gonzalez, Alejandro Wilkinson, Mark D. TI OPPL-Galaxy, a Galaxy tool for enhancing ontology exploitation as part of bioinformatics workflows SO JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL SEMANTICS LA English DT Article ID GENE ONTOLOGY; KNOWLEDGE PATTERNS; BIO-ONTOLOGIES; LIFE SCIENCES; OWL; INTEGRATION; INFORMATION AB Background: Biomedical ontologies are key elements for building up the Life Sciences Semantic Web. Reusing and building biomedical ontologies requires flexible and versatile tools to manipulate them efficiently, in particular for enriching their axiomatic content. The Ontology Pre Processor Language (OPPL) is an OWL-based language for automating the changes to be performed in an ontology. OPPL augments the ontologists' toolbox by providing a more efficient, and less error-prone, mechanism for enriching a biomedical ontology than that obtained by a manual treatment. Results: We present OPPL-Galaxy, a wrapper for using OPPL within Galaxy. The functionality delivered by OPPL (i.e. automated ontology manipulation) can be combined with the tools and workflows devised within the Galaxy framework, resulting in an enhancement of OPPL. Use cases are provided in order to demonstrate OPPL-Galaxy's capability for enriching, modifying and querying biomedical ontologies. Conclusions: Coupling OPPL-Galaxy with other bioinformatics tools of the Galaxy framework results in a system that is more than the sum of its parts. OPPL-Galaxy opens a new dimension of analyses and exploitation of biomedical ontologies, including automated reasoning, paving the way towards advanced biological data analyses. C1 [Egana Aranguren, Mikel] Tech Univ Madrid UPM, Sch Comp Sci, Ontol Engn Grp, Boadilla Del Monte 28660, Spain. [Egana Aranguren, Mikel; Rodriguez Gonzalez, Alejandro; Wilkinson, Mark D.] Tech Univ Madrid UPM, Ctr Plant Biotechnol & Genom CBGP, Biol Informat Grp, Pozuelo De Alarcon 28223, Spain. [Tomas Fernandez-Breis, Jesualdo] Univ Murcia, Sch Comp Sci, E-30100 Murcia, Spain. [Mungall, Chris] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Genom Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Antezana, Erick] Norwegian Univ Sci & Technol NTNU, Dept Biol, N-7491 Trondheim, Norway. RP Aranguren, ME (reprint author), Tech Univ Madrid UPM, Sch Comp Sci, Ontol Engn Grp, Boadilla Del Monte 28660, Spain. EM mikel.egana.aranguren@upm.es RI Fernandez Breis, Jesualdo Tomas/F-4269-2010; Wilkinson, Mark/D-8153-2012; Egana-Aranguren, Mikel/K-6878-2014; OI Fernandez Breis, Jesualdo Tomas/0000-0002-7558-2880; Wilkinson, Mark/0000-0001-6960-357X; Egana-Aranguren, Mikel/0000-0001-8081-1839; Antezana, Erick/0000-0002-2497-8236 FU European Union; Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation [TIN2010-21388-C02-02]; FEDER Programme; National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI) [5P41HG002273-09]; Isaac Peral Programme FX Mikel Egana Aranguren and Mark D Wilkinson are funded by the Marie Curie Cofund programme (FP7) of the European Union, including the charges for publishing this manuscript. Jesualdo Tomas Fernandez-Breis is funded by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (TIN2010-21388-C02-02) and co-funded by the FEDER Programme. Chris Mungall is funded by National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI) [5P41HG002273-09]. Alejandro Rodriguez Gonzalez is funded by the Isaac Peral Programme. NR 42 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 4 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 2041-1480 J9 J BIOMED SEMANT JI J. Biomed. Semant. PD JAN PY 2013 VL 4 AR 2 DI 10.1186/2041-1480-4-2 PG 16 WC Mathematical & Computational Biology SC Mathematical & Computational Biology GA AR6OY UT WOS:000343704000002 PM 23286517 ER PT S AU Simon, HD AF Simon, Horst D. BE Dayde, M Marques, O Nakajima, K TI Barriers to Exascale Computing SO HIGH PERFORMANCE COMPUTING FOR COMPUTATIONAL SCIENCE - VECPAR 2012 SE Lecture Notes in Computer Science LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 10th International Conference on High Performance Computing for Computational Science (VECPAR) CY JUL 17-20, 2012 CL Kobe, JAPAN SP Cray Japan Inc, Cybernet Syst Co Ltd, Fujitsu Ltd, Hitachi Ltd, IBM Japan, NEC Corp, SGI Japan Ltd DE exascale computing; energy efficient computing; resilience; massive parallelism; heterogeneous computing; technology trends; TOP500 AB The development of an exascale computing capability with machines capable of executing O(1018) operations per second by the end of the decade will be characterized by significant and dramatic changes in computing hardware architecture from current (2012) petascale high-performance computers. From the perspective of computational science, this will be at least as disruptive as the transition from vector supercomputing to parallel supercomputing that occurred in the 1990s. This was one of the findings of a 2010 workshop on crosscutting technologies for exascale computing. The impact of these architectural changes on future applications development for the computational sciences community can now be anticipated in very general terms. While the community has been investigating the road to exascale worldwide in the last several years, there are still several barriers that need to be overcome to obtain general purpose exascale performance. This short paper will summarize the major challenges to exascale, and how much progress has been made in the last five years. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Simon, HD (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Mail Stop 50A-4133, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM hdsimon@lbl.gov NR 3 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 5 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0302-9743 BN 978-3-642-38718-0; 978-3-642-38717-3 J9 LECT NOTES COMPUT SC PY 2013 VL 7851 BP 1 EP 3 PG 3 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BB3QW UT WOS:000342997100001 ER PT S AU Balaprakash, P Wild, SM Hovland, PD AF Balaprakash, Prasanna Wild, Stefan M. Hovland, Paul D. BE Dayde, M Marques, O Nakajima, K TI An Experimental Study of Global and Local Search Algorithms in Empirical Performance Tuning SO HIGH PERFORMANCE COMPUTING FOR COMPUTATIONAL SCIENCE - VECPAR 2012 SE Lecture Notes in Computer Science LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 10th International Conference on High Performance Computing for Computational Science (VECPAR) CY JUL 17-20, 2012 CL Kobe, JAPAN SP Cray Japan Inc, Cybernet Syst Co Ltd, Fujitsu Ltd, Hitachi Ltd, IBM Japan, NEC Corp, SGI Japan Ltd DE automatic performance tuning; search; black-box optimization ID OPTIMIZATION AB The increasing complexity, heterogeneity, and rapid evolution of modern computer architectures present obstacles for achieving high performance of scientific codes on different machines. Empirical performance tuning is a viable approach to obtain high-performing code variants based on their measured performance on the target machine. In previous work, we formulated the search for the best code variant as a numerical optimization problem. Two classes of algorithms are available to tackle this problem: global and local algorithms. We present an experimental study of some global and local search algorithms on a number of problems from the recently introduced SPAPT test suite. We show that local search algorithms are particularly attractive, where finding high-preforming code variants in a short computation time is crucial. C1 [Balaprakash, Prasanna; Wild, Stefan M.; Hovland, Paul D.] Argonne Natl Lab, Dept Math & Comp Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Balaprakash, P (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Dept Math & Comp Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM pbalapra@mcs.anl.gov; wild@mcs.anl.gov; hovland@mcs.anl.gov RI Wild, Stefan/P-4907-2016 OI Wild, Stefan/0000-0002-6099-2772 NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0302-9743 BN 978-3-642-38718-0; 978-3-642-38717-3 J9 LECT NOTES COMPUT SC PY 2013 VL 7851 BP 261 EP 269 PG 9 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BB3QW UT WOS:000342997100026 ER PT S AU Kawai, M Iwashita, T Nakashima, H Marques, O AF Kawai, Masatoshi Iwashita, Takeshi Nakashima, Hiroshi Marques, Osni BE Dayde, M Marques, O Nakajima, K TI Parallel Smoother Based on Block Red-Black Ordering for Multigrid Poisson Solver SO HIGH PERFORMANCE COMPUTING FOR COMPUTATIONAL SCIENCE - VECPAR 2012 SE Lecture Notes in Computer Science LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 10th International Conference on High Performance Computing for Computational Science (VECPAR) CY JUL 17-20, 2012 CL Kobe, JAPAN SP Cray Japan Inc, Cybernet Syst Co Ltd, Fujitsu Ltd, Hitachi Ltd, IBM Japan, NEC Corp, SGI Japan Ltd AB This paper describes parallelization techniques for a multigrid solver for finite difference analysis of three-dimensional Poisson equations. We first apply our block red-black ordering for parallelization of a Gauss-Seidel (GS) smoother, whose sequentiality is often problematic in parallelization of multigrid methods. Furthermore, we introduce a new multiplicative Schwarz smoother, in which multiple GS iterations are performed in each of red-black ordered blocks. Numerical tests are conducted on a cluster of multi-processor nodes comprising four quad-core AMD Opteron processors to examine the effectiveness of these parallel smoothers. The multi-process test using 216 processes in flat-MPI model shows that the block red-black GS smoother and its multiplicative Schwarz variant achieve 1.3 and 1.8 times better performance than the conventional red-black GS smoother, respectively. C1 [Kawai, Masatoshi] Kyoto Univ, Grad Sch Informat, Kyoto 6068501, Japan. [Iwashita, Takeshi; Nakashima, Hiroshi] Kyoto Univ, Acad Ctr Comp & Media Studies, Kyoto 6068501, Japan. [Iwashita, Takeshi] JST, CREST, Kawaguchi, Saitama, Japan. [Marques, Osni] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Kawai, M (reprint author), Kyoto Univ, Grad Sch Informat, Kyoto 6068501, Japan. NR 5 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0302-9743 BN 978-3-642-38718-0; 978-3-642-38717-3 J9 LECT NOTES COMPUT SC PY 2013 VL 7851 BP 292 EP 299 PG 8 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BB3QW UT WOS:000342997100029 ER PT J AU Coffey, ME Barth, S Hayes, K Breen, J AF Coffey, M. E. Barth, S. Hayes, K. Breen, J. TI The health status of Irish honeybee colonies in 2006 SO IRISH JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Acarapis woodi; Apis mellifera; Braula coeca; honeybee viruses; Nosema spp. ID DEFORMED WING VIRUS; BEES APIS-MELLIFERA; ACARAPIS-WOODI RENNIE; VARROA-DESTRUCTOR; NOSEMA-CERANAE; MICROSPORIDIAN PARASITE; PARALYSIS VIRUS; TRACHEAL MITE; VERTICAL-TRANSMISSION; COLLAPSE DISORDER AB This study assessed the health status of Irish honeybee colonies and provides a snap-shot of the incidence of a number of important colony parasites/pathogens including: the mite Varroa destructor; three associated viruses (deformed wing virus (DWV), acute bee paralysis virus (ABPV) and Kashmir virus (KBV)); the tracheal mite Acarapis woodi; the microsporidian Nosema spp., and the insect Braula coeca. During June/July 2006, 135 samples of adult bees were collected from productive colonies throughout Ireland and standard techniques were used to determine the presence and absence of the parasites and pathogens. Varroa destructor was positively identified in 72.6% of the samples and was widely distributed. Although the samples were analysed for three viruses, DWV, ABPV and KBV, only DWV was detected (frequency = 12.5%). Acarapis woodi and Nosema spp. occurred in approximately 11% and 22% of the samples, respectively, while B. coeca, a wingless dipteran that was once common in Irish honeybee colonies, was very rare (3.7%). Samples where all the pathogens/parasites were jointly absent were statistically under-represented in Leinster and DWV was statistically over-represented in Munster. In Ulster, there was over-representation of the categories where all parasites/pathogens were jointly absent and for A. woodi, and under-representation of V. destructor. C1 [Coffey, M. E.; Breen, J.] Univ Limerick, Dept Life Sci, Limerick, Ireland. [Barth, S.] TEAGASC, Crops Environm & Land Use Programme, Oak Pk Res Ctr, Carlow, Ireland. [Hayes, K.] Univ Limerick, Dept Math & Stat, Limerick, Ireland. RP Coffey, ME (reprint author), Univ Limerick, Dept Life Sci, Limerick, Ireland. EM Mary.Frances.Coffey@ul.ie RI Barth, Susanne/P-3366-2014 OI Barth, Susanne/0000-0002-4104-5964 FU EU FEOGA; National Apiculture Programme of the Department of Agriculture, Food and the Marine FX We are most grateful to the beekeepers that provided the samples. The project was funded by EU FEOGA and the National Apiculture Programme 2007-2010 of the Department of Agriculture, Food and the Marine. We are grateful to Dr. Lisa Ward (Fera, UK) for providing certified viral material, to Teagasc for access to the research colonies and to Mr. Danny Keogh (Teagasc) for his assistance in the field. We are also grateful for the helpful suggestions of two anonymous referees. NR 64 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 8 PU TEAGASC PI CARLOW PA OAK PARK, CARLOW 00000, IRELAND SN 0791-6833 J9 IRISH J AGR FOOD RES JI Irish J. Agr. Food Res. PY 2013 VL 52 IS 1 BP 39 EP 51 PG 13 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology GA AR1OA UT WOS:000343353300003 ER PT S AU Jenkins, J Arkatkar, I Lakshminarasimhan, S Boyuka, DA Schendel, ER Shah, N Ethier, S Chang, CS Chen, J Kolla, H Klasky, S Ross, R Samatova, NF AF Jenkins, John Arkatkar, Isha Lakshminarasimhan, Sriram Boyuka, David A., II Schendel, Eric R. Shah, Neil Ethier, Stephane Chang, Choong-Seock Chen, Jackie Kolla, Hemanth Klasky, Scott Ross, Robert Samatova, Nagiza F. BE Hameurlain, A Kung, J Wagner, R Liddle, SW Schewe, KD Zhou, X TI ALACRITY: Analytics-Driven Lossless Data Compression for Rapid In-Situ Indexing, Storing, and Querying SO TRANSACTIONS ON LARGE-SCALE DATA- AND KNOWLEDGE- CENTERED SYSTEMS X: SPECIAL ISSUE ON DATABASE- AND EXPERT-SYSTEMS APPLICATIONS SE Lecture Notes in Computer Science LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 23rd International Conference on Database and Expert Systems Applications (DEXA) CY SEP 03-07, 2012 CL Vienna Univ Technol, Vienna, AUSTRIA HO Vienna Univ Technol ID FLOATING-POINT DATA; EFFICIENT COMPRESSION AB High-performance computing architectures face nontrivial data processing challenges, as computational and I/O components further diverge in performance trajectories. For scientific data analysis in particular, methods based on generating heavyweight access acceleration structures, e. g. indexes, are becoming less feasible for ever-increasing dataset sizes. We present ALACRITY, demonstrating the effectiveness of a fused data and index encoding of scientific, floating-point data in generating lightweight data structures amenable to common types of queries used in scientific data analysis. We exploit the representation of floating-point values by extracting significant bytes, using the resulting unique values to bin the remaining data along fixed-precision boundaries. To optimize query processing, we use an inverted index, mapping each generated bin to a list of records contained within, allowing us to optimize query processing with attribute range constraints. Overall, the storage footprint for both index and data is shown to be below numerous configurations of bitmap indexing, while matching or outperforming query performance. C1 [Jenkins, John; Arkatkar, Isha; Lakshminarasimhan, Sriram; Boyuka, David A., II; Schendel, Eric R.; Shah, Neil; Samatova, Nagiza F.] North Carolina State Univ, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Jenkins, John; Arkatkar, Isha; Lakshminarasimhan, Sriram; Boyuka, David A., II; Schendel, Eric R.; Shah, Neil; Klasky, Scott; Samatova, Nagiza F.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Ethier, Stephane; Chang, Choong-Seock] Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. [Chen, Jackie; Kolla, Hemanth] Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. [Ross, Robert] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Samatova, NF (reprint author), North Carolina State Univ, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM samatova@csc.ncsu.edu OI Schendel, Eric/0000-0002-0144-7256 FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science; U.S. National Science Foundation; UT- Battelle for the LLC U.S. D.O.E. [DEAC05- 00OR22725] FX We would like to acknowledge the use of resources at ORNLs leadership class computing facility, OLCF. Also, we appreciate the use of the datasets available from the Flash Center for Computational Science. This work was supported in part by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science and the U.S. National Science Foundation (Expeditions in Computing and EAGER programs). Oak Ridge National Laboratory is managed by UT- Battelle for the LLC U.S. D.O.E. under contract no. DEAC05- 00OR22725. NR 30 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0302-9743 BN 978-3-642-41221-9; 978-3-642-41220-2 J9 LECT NOTES COMPUT SC PY 2013 VL 8220 BP 95 EP 114 PG 20 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BB3WJ UT WOS:000343090100004 ER PT S AU Reinhart, Z Molian, V Bryden, K AF Reinhart, Zachary Molian, Vaelan Bryden, Kenneth BE Dagli, CH TI Using the PORS Problems to Examine Evolutionary Optimization of Multiscale Systems SO COMPLEX ADAPTIVE SYSTEMS: EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES FOR EVOLVING SYSTEMS: SOCIO-TECHNICAL, CYBER AND BIG DATA SE Procedia Computer Science LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Complex Adaptive Systems Conference CY NOV 13-15, 2013 CL Baltimore, MD SP Missouri Univ Sci & Technol, Engn Management & Syst Engn Dept, Lockheed Martin, Drexel Univ DE evolutionary algorithms; optimization; multiseale modelling AB Nearly all systems of practical interest are composed of parts assembled across multiple scales. For example, an agrodynamic system is composed of flora and fauna on one scale; soil types, slope, and water runoff on another scale; and management practice and yield on another scale. Or consider an advanced coal-tired power plant: combustion and pollutant formation occurs on one scale, the plant components on another scale, and the overall performance of the power system is measured on another. In spite of this, there are few practical tools for the optimization of multiscale systems. This paper examines multiscale optimization of systems composed of discrete elements using the plus-one-recall-store (PORS) problem as a test case or study problem for multiscalc systems. From this study, it is found that by recognizing the constraints and patterns present in discrete multiscalc systems, the solution time can be significantly reduced and much more complex problems can be optimized. (C) 2013 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Reinhart, Zachary; Molian, Vaelan; Bryden, Kenneth] Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Bryden, K (reprint author), Ames Lab, 1620 Howe Hall, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM kmbryden@iastate.edu NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1877-0509 J9 PROCEDIA COMPUT SCI PY 2013 VL 20 BP 65 EP 70 DI 10.1016/j.procs.2013.09.240 PG 6 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BB2YC UT WOS:000342564700009 ER PT S AU MeNunn, GS Bryden, KM AF MeNunn, G. S. Bryden, K. M. BE Dagli, CH TI A Proposed Implementation of Tarjan's Algorithm for Scheduling the Solution Sequence of Systems of Federated Models SO COMPLEX ADAPTIVE SYSTEMS: EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES FOR EVOLVING SYSTEMS: SOCIO-TECHNICAL, CYBER AND BIG DATA SE Procedia Computer Science LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Complex Adaptive Systems Conference CY NOV 13-15, 2013 CL Baltimore, MD SP Missouri Univ Sci & Technol, Engn Management & Syst Engn Dept, Lockheed Martin, Drexel Univ DE Tarjan's algorithm; strongly connected components; federated models AB Tarjan's algorithm schedules the solution of systems of equations by not the coupling and grouping between the equations. Simulating complex systems, e.g., advanced power plants, aerodynamic systems, or the multi-scale design of components, requires the linkage of large groups of coupled models. Currently, this is handled manually in systems modeling packages. That is, the analyst explicitly de-fines both the method and solution sequence necessary to couple the models. In small systems of models and equations this works well. However, as additional detail is needed across systems and across scales, the number of models grows rapidly. This precludes the manual assembly of large systems of federated models, particularly in systems composed of high fidelity models. This paper examines extending Taijan's algorithm from sets of equations to sets of models. The proposed implementation of the algorithm is demonstrated using a small one-dimensional system of federated models representing the heat transfer and thermal stress in a gas turbine blade with thermal barrier coating. Enabling the rapid assembly and substitution of different models permits the rapid turnaround needed to support the "what-if' kinds of questions that arise in engineering design. (C) 2013 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Bryden, K. M.] Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Bryden, K. M.] Iowa State Univ, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Bryden, KM (reprint author), Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM kmbryden@iastate.edu FU Department of Energy Fossil Energy Program [DE-AC02-07CH11358] FX This research was performed at the Ames Laboratory through the support of the Department of Energy Fossil Energy Program under Contract No. DE-AC02-07CH11358. NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1877-0509 J9 PROCEDIA COMPUT SCI PY 2013 VL 20 BP 223 EP 228 DI 10.1016/j.procs.2013.09.265 PG 6 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BB2YC UT WOS:000342564700033 ER PT S AU Chang, H Nayak, N Spellman, PT Parvin, B AF Chang, Hang Nayak, Nandita Spellman, Paul T. Parvin, Bahram BE Sakuma, I Barillot, C Navab, N TI Characterization of Tissue Histopathology via Predictive Sparse Decomposition and Spatial Pyramid Matching SO MEDICAL IMAGE COMPUTING AND COMPUTER-ASSISTED INTERVENTION - MICCAI 2013, PT II SE Lecture Notes in Computer Science LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 16th International Conference on Medical Image Computing and Computer Assisted Intervention (MICCAI) CY SEP 22-26, 2013 CL Nagoya Univ, Nagoya, JAPAN SP Nagoya Convent & Visitors Bur, Murata Sci Fdn, Daiko Fdn, Japan Soc Comp Aided Surg, Sci Council Japan, Nagoya Univ, Informat & Commun Headquarters, Nagoya Univ, Grad Sch Informat Sci HO Nagoya Univ ID CLASSIFICATION AB Image-based classification of tissue histology, in terms of different components (e.g., subtypes of aberrant phenotypic signatures), provides a set of indices for tumor composition. Subsequently, integration of these indices in whole slide images (WSI), from a large cohort, can provide predictive models of the clinical outcome. However, the performance of the existing histology-based classification techniques is hindered as a result of large technical and biological variations that are always present in a large cohort. In this paper, we propose an algorithm for classification of tissue histology based on predictive sparse decomposition (PSD) and spatial pyramid matching (SPM), which utilize sparse tissue morphometric signatures at various locations and scales. The method has been evaluated on two distinct datasets of different tumor types collected from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). The novelties of our approach are: (i) extensibility to different tumor types; (ii) robustness in the presence of wide technical and biological variations; and (iii) scalability with varying training sample size. C1 [Chang, Hang; Nayak, Nandita; Parvin, Bahram] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Spellman, Paul T.] Univ Portland, Ctr Spatial Syst Biomed Oregon Hlth Sci, Portland, OR 97203 USA. RP Chang, H (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM hchang@lbl.gov; bparvin@lbl.gov FU NIH [U24 CA1437991] FX This work was supported by NIH grant U24 CA1437991 carried out NR 14 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0302-9743 BN 978-3-642-40763-5; 978-3-642-40762-8 J9 LECT NOTES COMPUT SC PY 2013 VL 8150 BP 91 EP 98 PG 8 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Software Engineering; Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Computer Science; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA BB3LH UT WOS:000342835100012 ER PT B AU Swuste, P Zalk, D AF Swuste, Paul Zalk, David BE Arezes, PM SantosBaptista, J Barroso, MP Carneiro, P Cordeiro, P Costa, N Melo, RB Miguel, AS Perestrelo, G TI Options in managing hazards and risks of nanomaterials SO OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HYGIENE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Symposium on Occupational Safety and Hygiene (SHO) CY FEB 14-15, 2013 CL Guimaraes, PORTUGAL SP Portuguese Soc Occupat Safety & Hyg, Univ Porto, Fac Engn, Fac Motricidade Humana, Univ Politecnica Catalunya, TU Delft, Univ Minho, Sch Engn, European Network Safety & Hlth Profess Org, Int Social Secur Assoc, Latin Amer Assoc Work Safety Engn, Brazilian Soc Safety Engn, Spanish Ergon Assoc, Asociac Especialistas Prevenc & Salud Laboral, Galician Soc Occupat Risk Prevent, Brazalian Assoc Civil Engineers, Brazilian Assoc Ergon, Brazilian Assoc Occupat Hyg, Brazilian Assoc Prod Engn ID NETHERLANDS; SAFETY; PREVENTION; MANAGEMENT; EXPOSURES; INDUSTRY AB Managing risks of manufactured nanomaterials includes managing scenarios leading to emission, and to exposure to these nanomaterials. Risk management of nanomaterials is like entering a field with many uncertainties, both related to relevant health endpoints, as to metrics of exposure. If no valid quantitative information is available yet, there is a preference for a qualitative tool, or method to assist risk management decisions. The Control Banding Nanotool and the method Design Analysis will be explained, discussed, and commented in their capacity to assess and predict scenarios, leading to emission and exposure to nanomaterials. C1 [Swuste, Paul] Delft Univ Technol, Safety Sci Grp, Delft, Netherlands. [Zalk, David] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. RP Swuste, P (reprint author), Delft Univ Technol, Safety Sci Grp, Delft, Netherlands. NR 27 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-0-203-72965-6; 978-1-138-00047-6 PY 2013 BP 541 EP 545 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA BB3CW UT WOS:000342676500095 ER PT J AU Pan, PZ Feng, XT Yan, F Rutqvist, J AF Pan, P. Z. Feng, X. T. Yan, F. Rutqvist, J. BE Feng, XT Hudson, JA Tan, F TI The fracturing of heterogeneous caprock during CO2 injection into a brine aquifer SO ROCK CHARACTERISATION, MODELLING AND ENGINEERING DESIGN METHODS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International-Society-for-Rock-Mechanics (ISRM) SINOROCK Symposium CY JUN 18-20, 2013 CL Tongji Univ, Shanghai, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Int Soc Rock Mech HO Tongji Univ AB This paper presents a study of heterogeneous caprock fracturing processes during underground CO2 injection into a brine aquifer. We simulate CO2 injection and fracturing using a combination of the TOUGH2 multiphase flow simulator and the RDCA rock discontinuous cellular automaton code. Our analysis shows that fluid pressure evolution, CO2 saturation, fracture opening, propagation and fracturing path are strongly dependent on the heterogeneity of caprock. The obvious risk that the fracture propagates upwards to provide a new flow path toward shallow ground water aquifers or released to the atmosphere and thereby reducing the efficiency of the CO2 sequestration and potentially contaminating groundwater resources is demonstrated. C1 [Pan, P. Z.; Feng, X. T.; Yan, F.] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Rock & Soil Mech, State Key Lab Geomech & Geotech Engn, Wuhan, Peoples R China. [Rutqvist, J.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA USA. RP Pan, PZ (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Rock & Soil Mech, State Key Lab Geomech & Geotech Engn, Wuhan, Peoples R China. FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [41272349, 11002154]; National Basic Research Program of China [2010CB732006]; U.S.Dept. of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX This work was finically supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No. 41272349, 11002154 and the National Basic Research Program of China under Grant No. 2010CB732006, and in part, supported by the U.S.Dept. of Energy under No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-138-00057-5 PY 2013 BP 415 EP 418 PG 4 WC Engineering, Geological SC Engineering GA BB3DR UT WOS:000342685900069 ER PT S AU Leong, LS Tassan-Got, L Tarrio, D Audouin, L Paradela, C Duran, I Le Naour, C Altstadt, S Andrzejewsky, J Barbagallo, M Becares, V Becvar, F Belloni, F Berthoumieux, E Billowes, J Boccone, V Bosnar, D Brugger, M Calvino, F Calviani, M Cano-Ott, D Carrapico, C Cerutti, F Chiaveri, E Chin, M Colonna, N Cortes, G Cortes-Giraldo, MA Diakaki, M Domingo-Pardo, C Dressler, R Dzysiuk, N Eleftheriadis, C Ferrari, A Fraval, K Ganesan, S Garcia, AR Giubrone, G Gomez-Hornillos, MB Goncalves, IF Gonzalez-Romero Griesmayer, E Guerrero, C Gunsing, F Gurusamy, P Jenkins, DG Jericha, E Kadi, E Kappeler, F Karadimos, D Kivel, N Koehler, P Kokkoris, M Korschinek, G Kroll, J Krticka, M Langer, C Lederer, C Leeb, H Losito, R Manousos, A Marganiec, J Massimi, C Martinez, T Mastinu, PF Mastromarco, M Meaze, M Mengon, A Mendoza, E Milazzo, PM Mingrone, T Mirea, M Mondelaers, W Pavlik, A Perkowski, J Pignatari, M Plompen, A Praena, J Quesada, JM Rauscher, T Reifhart, R Riego, A Roman, F Rubbia, C Sarmento, R Schillebeeckx, P Schmidt, S Schumann, D Tain, JL Tagliente, G Tsinganis, A Valenta, S Vannini, G Variale, V Vaz, P Ventura, A Versaci, R Vermeulen, MJ Vlachoudis, V Vlastou, V Wallner, A Ware, T Weigand, M Weiss, C Wright, T Zugec AF Leong, L. S. Tassan-Got, L. Tarrio, D. Audouin, L. Paradela, C. Duran, I. Le Naour, C. Altstadt, S. Andrzejewsky, J. Barbagallo, M. Becares, V. Becvar, F. Belloni, F. Berthoumieux, E. Billowes, J. Boccone, V. Bosnar, D. Brugger, M. Calvino, F. Calviani, M. Cano-Ott, D. Carrapico, C. Cerutti, F. Chiaveri, E. Chin, M. Colonna, N. Cortes, G. Cortes-Giraldo, M. A. Diakaki, M. Domingo-Pardo, C. Dressler, R. Dzysiuk, N. Eleftheriadis, C. Ferrari, A. Fraval, K. Ganesan, S. Garcia, A. R. Giubrone, G. Gomez-Hornillos, M. B. Goncalves, I. F. Gonzalez-Romero Griesmayer, E. Guerrero, C. Gunsing, F. Gurusamy, P. Jenkins, D. G. Jericha, E. Kadi, E. Kaeppeler, F. Karadimos, D. Kivel, N. Koehler, P. Kokkoris, M. Korschinek, G. Kroll, J. Krticka, M. Langer, C. Lederer, C. Leeb, H. Losito, R. Manousos, A. Marganiec, J. Massimi, C. Martinez, T. Mastinu, P. F. Mastromarco, M. Meaze, M. Mengon, A. Mendoza, E. Milazzo, P. M. Mingrone, T. Mirea, M. Mondelaers, W. Pavlik, A. Perkowski, J. Pignatari, M. Plompen, A. Praena, J. Quesada, J. M. Rauscher, T. Reifhart, R. Riego, A. Roman, F. Rubbia, C. Sarmento, R. Schillebeeckx, P. Schmidt, S. Schumann, D. Tain, J. L. Tagliente, G. Tsinganis, A. Valenta, S. Vannini, G. Variale, V. Vaz, P. Ventura, A. Versaci, R. Vermeulen, M. J. Vlachoudis, V. Vlastou, V. Wallner, A. Ware, T. Weigand, M. Weiss, C. Wright, T. Zugec BE Chatillon, A Farget, F Faust, H Fioni, G Goutte, D Goutte, H TI Angular distribution in the neutron-induced fission of actinides SO FISSION 2013 - FIFTH INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON NUCLEAR FISSION AND FISSION PRODUCT SPECTROSCOPY SE EPJ Web of Conferences LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Workshop on Nuclear Fission and Fission Product Spectroscopy (FISSION) CY MAY 28-31, 2013 CL Caen, FRANCE SP ILL, CEA DSM & DAM, CNRS IN2P3, ENSICAEN, GANIL ID TH-232; FRAGMENTS AB Above 1MeV of incident neutron energy the fission fragment angular distribution (FFAD) has generally a strong anisotropic behavior due to the combination of the incident orbital momentum and the intrinsic spin of the fissioning nucleus. This effect has to be taken into account for the efficiency estimation of devices used for fission cross section measurements. In addition it bears information on the spin deposition mechanism and on the structure of transitional states. We designed and constructed a detection device, based on Parallel Plate Avalanche Counters (PPAC), for measuring the fission fragment angular distributions of several isotopes, in particular Th-232. The measurement has been performed at n_TOF at CERN taking advantage of the very broad energy spectrum of the neutron beam. Fission events were recognized by back to back detection in coincidence in two position-sensitive detectors surrounding the targets. The detection efficiency, depending mostly on the stopping of fission fragments in backings and electrodes, has been computed with a Geant4 simulation and validated by the comparison to the measured case of U-235 below 3 keV where the emission is isotropic. In the case of Th-232, the result is in good agreement with previous data below 10 MeV, with a good reproduction of the structures associated to vibrational states and the opening of second chance fission. In the 14 MeV region our data are much more accurate than previous ones which are broadly scattered. C1 [Leong, L. S.; Tassan-Got, L.; Audouin, L.; Le Naour, C.] Univ Paris 11, CNRS, Inst Phys Nucl, F-91406 Orsay, France. [Tarrio, D.; Paradela, C.; Duran, I.] Univ Santiago Compostela, Fac Fis, Santiago 15782, Spain. [Altstadt, S.; Langer, C.; Lederer, C.; Reifhart, R.; Schmidt, S.; Weigand, M.] Goethe Univ Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany. [Andrzejewsky, J.; Marganiec, J.; Perkowski, J.] Univ Lodz, Lodz, Poland. [Barbagallo, M.; Colonna, N.; Mastromarco, M.; Meaze, M.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Bari, Italy. [Becares, V.; Cano-Ott, D.; Gonzalez-Romero; Martinez, T.; Mendoza, E.; Mingrone, T.] CIEMAT, Madrid, Spain. [Becvar, F.; Kroll, J.; Krticka, M.; Tagliente, G.] Charles Univ Prague, Prague, Czech Republic. [Belloni, F.; Berthoumieux, E.; Fraval, K.; Gunsing, F.] CEA Saclay, Irfu, Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Berthoumieux, E.; Boccone, V.; Brugger, M.; Calviani, M.; Cerutti, F.; Chiaveri, E.; Chin, M.; Ferrari, A.; Guerrero, C.; Kadi, E.; Losito, R.; Roman, F.; Rubbia, C.; Tsinganis, A.; Valenta, S.; Versaci, R.; Vlachoudis, V.] European Org Nucl Res CERN, Geneva, Switzerland. [Billowes, J.; Ware, T.; Wright, T.] Univ Manchester, Manchester, Lancs, England. [Bosnar, D.; Zugec] Fac Sci, Dept Phys, Zagreb, Croatia. [Calvino, F.; Cortes, G.; Gomez-Hornillos, M. B.; Riego, A.] Univ Politecn Cataluna, Barcelona, Spain. [Carrapico, C.; Goncalves, I. F.; Sarmento, R.; Vaz, P.] Univ Tecn Lisboa, Inst Super Tecn, Inst Tecnol & Nucl, Lisbon, Portugal. [Cortes-Giraldo, M. A.; Praena, J.; Quesada, J. M.] Univ Seville, Seville, Spain. [Diakaki, M.; Karadimos, D.; Kokkoris, M.] Natl Tech Univ Athens, Athens, Greece. [Domingo-Pardo, C.; Dressler, R.; Tain, J. L.] Univ Valencia, CSIC, IFIC, Inst Fis Corpuscular, Valencia, Spain. [Dzysiuk, N.; Mastinu, P. F.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Legnaro, Legnaro, Italy. [Eleftheriadis, C.; Fraval, K.; Manousos, A.] Aristotle Univ Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece. [Ganesan, S.; Gurusamy, P.] Bhabha Atom Res Ctr, Bombay, Maharashtra, India. [Griesmayer, E.; Jericha, E.; Leeb, H.] Vienna Univ Technol, Inst Atom, Vienna, Austria. [Jenkins, D. G.; Vermeulen, M. J.] Univ York, York, N Yorkshire, England. [Kaeppeler, F.] Karlsruhe Inst Technol, Inst Kernphys, Campus Nord, Karlsruhe, Germany. [Koehler, P.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Lederer, C.; Pavlik, A.; Wallner, A.] Univ Vienna, Fac Phys, Vienna, Austria. [Massimi, C.; Vannini, G.] Univ Bologna, Dipartimento Fis, Sezione INFN Bologna, Bologna, Italy. [Mengon, A.; Ventura, A.] ENEA, Agenzia Nazl Nuove Tecnol, Energia Sviluppo Economico Sostenibile, Bologna, Italy. [Milazzo, P. M.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Trieste, Italy. [Mirea, M.; Roman, F.] Horia Hulubei Natl Inst Phys & Nucl Engn, IFIN HH, Bucharest, Romania. [Mondelaers, W.; Plompen, A.; Schillebeeckx, P.] Commiss European JRC, Inst Reference Mat & Measurements, B-2440 Geel, Belgium. [Rauscher, T.] Univ Basel, Dept Phys & Astron, Basel, Switzerland. [Rubbia, C.] Lab Nazl Gran Sasso INFN, Assergi, Italy. [Schumann, D.] Paul Scherrer Inst, Villigen, Switzerland. [Korschinek, G.] Tech Univ Munich, Munich, Germany. [Pignatari, M.] Univ Basel, Dept Phys & Astron, Basel, Switzerland. RP Leong, LS (reprint author), Univ Paris 11, CNRS, Inst Phys Nucl, F-91406 Orsay, France. RI Mirea, Mihail/C-2297-2011; Rauscher, Thomas/D-2086-2009; Vaz, Pedro/K-2464-2013; Massimi, Cristian/B-2401-2015; Cano Ott, Daniel/K-4945-2014; Massimi, Cristian/K-2008-2015; Paradela, Carlos/J-1492-2012; Chin, Mary Pik Wai/B-6644-2012; Becares, Vicente/K-4514-2014; Calvino, Francisco/K-5743-2014; Martinez, Trinitario/K-6785-2014; Jericha, Erwin/A-4094-2011; OI Garcia Rios, Aczel Regino/0000-0002-7955-1475; Sarmento, Raul/0000-0002-5018-5467; Paradela Dobarro, Carlos/0000-0003-0175-8334; Koehler, Paul/0000-0002-6717-0771; Cortes-Giraldo, Miguel Antonio/0000-0002-3646-1015; Domingo-Pardo, Cesar/0000-0002-2915-5466; Pignatari, Marco/0000-0002-9048-6010; Wallner, Anton/0000-0003-2804-3670; Quesada Molina, Jose Manuel/0000-0002-2038-2814; Mirea, Mihail/0000-0002-9333-6595; Rauscher, Thomas/0000-0002-1266-0642; Vaz, Pedro/0000-0002-7186-2359; Massimi, Cristian/0000-0001-9792-3722; Cano Ott, Daniel/0000-0002-9568-7508; Massimi, Cristian/0000-0003-2499-5586; Chin, Mary Pik Wai/0000-0001-5176-9723; Becares, Vicente/0000-0003-3434-9086; Calvino, Francisco/0000-0002-7198-4639; Martinez, Trinitario/0000-0002-0683-5506; Jericha, Erwin/0000-0002-8663-0526; Pavlik, Andreas/0000-0001-7526-3372 NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 8 PU E D P SCIENCES PI CEDEX A PA 17 AVE DU HOGGAR PARC D ACTIVITES COUTABOEUF BP 112, F-91944 CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 2100-014X BN 978-2-7598-1123-6 J9 EPJ WEB CONF PY 2013 VL 62 AR UNSP 08003 DI 10.1051/epjconf/20136208003 PG 7 WC Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Applied; Spectroscopy SC Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics; Spectroscopy GA BB2UX UT WOS:000342384500046 ER PT S AU Tovesson, F Arnold, C Blakeley, R Hecht, A Laptev, A Mader, D Meierbachtol, K Snyder, L White, M AF Tovesson, Fredrik Arnold, Charles Blakeley, Rick Hecht, Adam Laptev, Alexander Mader, Drew Meierbachtol, Krista Snyder, Lucas White, Morgan BE Chatillon, A Farget, F Faust, H Fioni, G Goutte, D Goutte, H TI SPIDER: A new instrument for fission fragment research at the Los Alamos Neutron Science Center SO FISSION 2013 - FIFTH INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON NUCLEAR FISSION AND FISSION PRODUCT SPECTROSCOPY SE EPJ Web of Conferences LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Workshop on Nuclear Fission and Fission Product Spectroscopy (FISSION) CY MAY 28-31, 2013 CL Caen, FRANCE SP ILL, CEA DSM & DAM, CNRS IN2P3, ENSICAEN, GANIL AB The study of fission fragment yields and how they behave as a function of excitation energy provides insight into the process in which they are formed. Fission yields are also important for nuclear applications, as they can be used as a diagnostic tool. A new instrument, SPIDER (Spectrometer for Ion DEtermination in fission Research), is being developed for measuring fission yields as a function of incident neutron energy at the Los Alamos Neutron Science Center. The instrument employs a time-of-flight mass spectrometry method in which the velocity and kinetic energy of the fragments are measured in order to determine their mass. Additionally, by using Bragg peak spectroscopy, the charge of the fragments can be identified. A prototype instrument has been developed and preliminary results indicate that similar to 1 mass unit resolution is feasible using this approach. A larger detector array is currently being designed, and will be used at study fission yields from thermal neutron energies up to at least 20MeV. C1 [Tovesson, Fredrik; Arnold, Charles; Laptev, Alexander; Meierbachtol, Krista; White, Morgan] Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Blakeley, Rick; Hecht, Adam; Mader, Drew] Univ New Mexico, Dept Chem & Nucl Engn, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [Snyder, Lucas] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Tovesson, F (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM tovesson@lanl.gov RI Laptev, Alexander/D-4686-2009; OI Laptev, Alexander/0000-0002-9759-9907; White, Morgan/0000-0003-3876-421X NR 2 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU E D P SCIENCES PI CEDEX A PA 17 AVE DU HOGGAR PARC D ACTIVITES COUTABOEUF BP 112, F-91944 CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 2100-014X BN 978-2-7598-1123-6 J9 EPJ WEB CONF PY 2013 VL 62 AR UNSP 05002 DI 10.1051/epjconf/20136205002 PG 6 WC Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Applied; Spectroscopy SC Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics; Spectroscopy GA BB2UX UT WOS:000342384500022 ER PT S AU Zakari-Issoufou, AA Porta, A Fallot, M Algora, A Tain, JL Valencia, E Rice, S Agramunt, J Aysto, J Bowry, M Bui, VM Caballero-Folch, R Cano-Ott, D Eloma, V Estevez, E Farrelly, GF Garcia, A Gelletly, W Gomez-Hornillos, MB Gorlychev, V Hakala, J Jokinen, A Jordan, MD Kankainen, A Kondev, FG Martinez, T Mendoza, E Molina, F Moore, I Perez, A Podolyak, Z Penttila, H Regan, PH Rissanen, J Rubio, B Weber, C AF Zakari-Issoufou, A. -A. Porta, A. Fallot, M. Algora, A. Tain, J. L. Valencia, E. Rice, S. Agramunt, J. Aysto, J. Bowry, M. Bui, V. M. Caballero-Folch, R. Cano-Ott, D. Eloma, V. Estevez, E. Farrelly, G. F. Garcia, A. Gelletly, W. Gomez-Hornillos, M. B. Gorlychev, V. Hakala, J. Jokinen, A. Jordan, M. D. Kankainen, A. Kondev, F. G. Martinez, T. Mendoza, E. Molina, F. Moore, I. Perez, A. Podolyak, Zs. Penttila, H. Regan, P. H. Rissanen, J. Rubio, B. Weber, C. CA IGISOL People BE Chatillon, A Farget, F Faust, H Fioni, G Goutte, D Goutte, H TI Measurement of fission products beta decay properties using a total absorption spectrometer SO FISSION 2013 - FIFTH INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON NUCLEAR FISSION AND FISSION PRODUCT SPECTROSCOPY SE EPJ Web of Conferences LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Workshop on Nuclear Fission and Fission Product Spectroscopy (FISSION) CY MAY 28-31, 2013 CL Caen, FRANCE SP ILL, CEA DSM & DAM, CNRS IN2P3, ENSICAEN, GANIL AB In a nuclear reactor, the beta decay of fission fragments is at the origin of decay heat and antineutrino flux. These quantities are not well known while they are very important for reactor safety and for our understanding of neutrino physics. One reason for the discrepancies observed in the estimation of the decay heat and antineutrinos flux coming from reactors could be linked with the Pandemonium effect. New measurements have been performed at the JYFL facility of Jyvaskyla with a Total Absorption Spectrometer (TAS) in order to circumvent this effect. An overview of the TAS technique and first results from the 2009 measurement campaign will be presented. C1 [Zakari-Issoufou, A. -A.; Porta, A.; Fallot, M.; Bui, V. M.] Univ Nantes, Subatech, EMN, CNRS,IN2P3, Nantes, France. [Algora, A.; Tain, J. L.; Valencia, E.; Agramunt, J.; Estevez, E.; Jordan, M. D.; Molina, F.; Perez, A.; Rubio, B.] Univ Valencia, CSIC, IFIC, Valencia, Spain. [Rice, S.; Bowry, M.; Farrelly, G. F.; Gelletly, W.; Podolyak, Zs.; Regan, P. H.] Univ Surrey, Guildford GU2 5XH, Surrey, England. [Hakala, J.; Jokinen, A.; Kankainen, A.; Moore, I.; Rissanen, J.; Weber, C.] Univ Jyvaskyla, IGISOL, Jyvaskyla, Finland. [Cano-Ott, D.; Garcia, A.; Mendoza, E.] CIEMAT, Madrid, Spain. [Caballero-Folch, R.; Gomez-Hornillos, M. B.; Gorlychev, V.] Univ Politecn Cataluna, Barcelona, Spain. [Kondev, F. G.] Argonne Natl Lab, Nucl Engn Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Algora, A.; IGISOL People] MTA ATOMKI, Debrecen, Hungary. RP Zakari-Issoufou, AA (reprint author), Univ Nantes, Subatech, EMN, CNRS,IN2P3, Nantes, France. EM zakari@subatech.in2p3.fr RI Cano Ott, Daniel/K-4945-2014; Algora, Alejandro/E-2960-2015; Martinez, Trinitario/K-6785-2014 OI Cano Ott, Daniel/0000-0002-9568-7508; Algora, Alejandro/0000-0002-5199-1794; Martinez, Trinitario/0000-0002-0683-5506 NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU E D P SCIENCES PI CEDEX A PA 17 AVE DU HOGGAR PARC D ACTIVITES COUTABOEUF BP 112, F-91944 CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 2100-014X BN 978-2-7598-1123-6 J9 EPJ WEB CONF PY 2013 VL 62 AR UNSP 01007 DI 10.1051/epjconf/20136201007 PG 4 WC Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Applied; Spectroscopy SC Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics; Spectroscopy GA BB2UX UT WOS:000342384500007 ER PT S AU Albertazzi, B Antici, P Bocker, J Borghesi, M Chen, S Dervieux, V d'Humieres, E Lancia, L Nakatsutsumi, M Shepherd, R Romagnagni, L Sentoku, Y Swantusch, M Willi, O Pepin, H Fuchs, J AF Albertazzi, B. Antici, P. Bocker, J. Borghesi, M. Chen, S. Dervieux, V. d'Humieres, E. Lancia, L. Nakatsutsumi, M. Shepherd, R. Romagnagni, L. Sentoku, Y. Swantusch, M. Willi, O. Pepin, H. Fuchs, J. BE Mora, P Tanaka, KA Moses, E TI Longitudinal proton probing of ultrafast and high-contrast laser-solid interactions SO IFSA 2011 - SEVENTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INERTIAL FUSION SCIENCES AND APPLICATIONS SE EPJ Web of Conferences LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Inertial Fusion Sciences and Applications CY SEP 12-16, 2011 CL Bordeaux, FRANCE SP Inst Lasers Plasmas AB We have performed an experiment aimed at measuring self-generated magnetic fields produced in solids by high electron currents following high-intensity and high contrast short-pulse laser irradiation. This was done using longitudinal high resolution proton deflectometry. The experiment was performed at the Titan-JLF laser facility with a high-power short-pulse beam (700 fs, similar to 110 J) split into two beams irradiating two solid targets. One beam is used for the generation of protons and the other beam for the generation of the ultra-high currents of electrons and of the associated magnetic fields. This capability allows us to study the spatio-temporal evolution of the magnetic fields and its dependence on the laser intensity and target material. C1 [Albertazzi, B.; Dervieux, V.; Nakatsutsumi, M.; Romagnagni, L.; Fuchs, J.] UPMC, CNRS, CEA, LULI,Ecole Polytech, F-91128 Palaiseau, France. [Albertazzi, B.; Pepin, H.] INRS EMT, Quebec City, PQ, Canada. [Antici, P.; Lancia, L.] Univ Roma La Sapienza, Dipartimento Energet, I-00185 Rome, Italy. [Bocker, J.; Swantusch, M.; Willi, O.] Univ Dusseldorf, Inst Laser & Plasmaphys, Dusseldorf, Germany. [Borghesi, M.] Queens Univ Belfast, Sch Phys & Astron, Belfast, Antrim, North Ireland. [Chen, S.; Shepherd, R.] LLNL, Livermore, CA USA. [d'Humieres, E.] Univ Bordeaux, CELIA, Talence, France. [Sentoku, Y.] Univ Nevada, Dept Phys, Reno, NV 89557 USA. RP Albertazzi, B (reprint author), UPMC, CNRS, CEA, LULI,Ecole Polytech, F-91128 Palaiseau, France. RI Sentoku, Yasuhiko/P-5419-2014; OI chen, sophia n./0000-0002-3372-7666 NR 8 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 7 PU E D P SCIENCES PI CEDEX A PA 17 AVE DU HOGGAR PARC D ACTIVITES COUTABOEUF BP 112, F-91944 CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 2100-014X BN 978-2-7598-1077-2 J9 EPJ WEB CONF PY 2013 VL 59 AR UNSP 17014 DI 10.1051/epjconf/20135917014 PG 5 WC Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BB2SZ UT WOS:000342286400168 ER PT S AU Arikawa, Y Hosoda, H Nagai, T Watanabe, K Yamanoi, K Cadatal-Raduban, M Shimizu, T Sarukura, N Nakai, M Norimatsu, T Azechi, H Izumi, N Murata, T Suyama, T Yoshikawa, A Kamada, K Usuki, Y Satoh, N Kan, H AF Arikawa, Y. Hosoda, H. Nagai, T. Watanabe, K. Yamanoi, K. Cadatal-Raduban, M. Shimizu, T. Sarukura, N. Nakai, M. Norimatsu, T. Azechi, H. Izumi, N. Murata, T. Suyama, T. Yoshikawa, A. Kamada, K. Usuki, Y. Satoh, N. Kan, H. BE Mora, P Tanaka, KA Moses, E TI Multichannel down-scattered neutron detector for areal density measurement SO IFSA 2011 - SEVENTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INERTIAL FUSION SCIENCES AND APPLICATIONS SE EPJ Web of Conferences LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Inertial Fusion Sciences and Applications CY SEP 12-16, 2011 CL Bordeaux, FRANCE SP Inst Lasers Plasmas AB A down-scattered neutron detector operating in the multichannel counting mode was developed for areal density (rho R) measurement. Equipped with a newly developed Li-6 glass scintillator (APLF80), the detector was tested in a fusion experiment at the GEKKO XII facility, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan. For a low-rho R fusion shot, the detector clearly discriminated the gamma-rays, primary neutrons, gamma-rays produced via (n, gamma) reactions from the target chamber, and neutrons scattered by the target chamber. Furthermore, the observed signal was in good agreement with predictions made by Monte Carlo simulation. C1 [Arikawa, Y.; Hosoda, H.; Nagai, T.; Watanabe, K.; Yamanoi, K.; Cadatal-Raduban, M.; Shimizu, T.; Sarukura, N.; Nakai, M.; Norimatsu, T.; Azechi, H.; Murata, T.] Osaka Univ, Inst Laser Engn, 2-6 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 5650871, Japan. [Izumi, N.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Murata, T.] Kumamoto Univ, Kumamoto 8608555, Japan. [Suyama, T.] Tokuyama Corp, Chiyoda Ku, Tokyo 1008983, Japan. [Yoshikawa, A.] Tohoku Univ, Sendai, Miyagi 9808577, Japan. [Kamada, K.; Usuki, Y.] Furukawa Co Ltd, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050856, Japan. [Satoh, N.; Kan, H.] Hamamatsu Photon KK, Nishi Ku, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka 4311202, Japan. RP Arikawa, Y (reprint author), Osaka Univ, Inst Laser Engn, 2-6 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 5650871, Japan. RI IZUMI, Nobuhiko/J-8487-2016; Nakai, Mitsuo/I-6758-2015 OI IZUMI, Nobuhiko/0000-0003-1114-597X; Nakai, Mitsuo/0000-0001-6076-756X NR 7 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 7 PU E D P SCIENCES PI CEDEX A PA 17 AVE DU HOGGAR PARC D ACTIVITES COUTABOEUF BP 112, F-91944 CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 2100-014X BN 978-2-7598-1077-2 J9 EPJ WEB CONF PY 2013 VL 59 AR UNSP 13011 DI 10.1051/epjconf/20135913011 PG 5 WC Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BB2SZ UT WOS:000342286400129 ER PT S AU Bleuel, DL Bernstein, LA Bionta, RM Cooper, GW Drury, OB Hagmann, CA Knittel, KM Leeper, RJ Ruiz, CL Schneider, DHG Yeamans, CB AF Bleuel, D. L. Bernstein, L. A. Bionta, R. M. Cooper, G. W. Drury, O. B. Hagmann, C. A. Knittel, K. M. Leeper, R. J. Ruiz, C. L. Schneider, D. H. G. Yeamans, C. B. BE Mora, P Tanaka, KA Moses, E TI Measuring neutron yield and rho R anisotropies with activation foils at the National Ignition Facility SO IFSA 2011 - SEVENTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INERTIAL FUSION SCIENCES AND APPLICATIONS SE EPJ Web of Conferences LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Inertial Fusion Sciences and Applications CY SEP 12-16, 2011 CL Bordeaux, FRANCE SP Inst Lasers Plasmas AB Neutron yields at the National Ignition Facility (NIF) are measured with a suite of diagnostics, including activation of similar to 20-200 g samples of materials undergoing a variety of energy-dependent neutron reactions. Indium samples were mounted on the end of a Diagnostic Instrument Manipulator (DIM), 25-50 cm from the implosion, to measure 2.45MeV D-D fusion neutron yield. The 336.2 keV gamma rays from the 4.5 hour isomer of In-115m produced by (n, n') reactions are counted in high-purity germanium detectors. For capsules producing D-T fusion reactions, zirconium and copper are activated via (n, 2n) reactions at various locations around the target chamber and bay, measuring the 14MeV neutron yield to accuracies on order of 7%. By mounting zirconium samples on ports at nine locations around the NIF chamber, anisotropies in the primary neutron emission due to fuel areal density asymmetries can be measured to a relative precision of 3%. C1 [Bleuel, D. L.; Bernstein, L. A.; Bionta, R. M.; Drury, O. B.; Hagmann, C. A.; Knittel, K. M.; Schneider, D. H. G.; Yeamans, C. B.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Bleuel, DL (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM bleuel1@llnl.gov NR 3 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 6 PU E D P SCIENCES PI CEDEX A PA 17 AVE DU HOGGAR PARC D ACTIVITES COUTABOEUF BP 112, F-91944 CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 2100-014X BN 978-2-7598-1077-2 J9 EPJ WEB CONF PY 2013 VL 59 AR 13015 DI 10.1051/epjconf/20135913015 PG 5 WC Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BB2SZ UT WOS:000342286400133 ER PT S AU Bradley, PA Cobble, JA Fincke, JR Hsu, SC Maglessen, GR Murphy, TJ Schmitt, MJ Tregillis, IL Vinyard, NS Wysocki, FJ Obrey, KD AF Bradley, P. A. Cobble, J. A. Fincke, J. R. Hsu, S. C. Maglessen, G. R. Murphy, T. J. Schmitt, M. J. Tregillis, I. L. Vinyard, N. S. Wysocki, F. J. Obrey, K. D. BE Mora, P Tanaka, KA Moses, E TI Analysis of mix experiments on Omega SO IFSA 2011 - SEVENTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INERTIAL FUSION SCIENCES AND APPLICATIONS SE EPJ Web of Conferences LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Inertial Fusion Sciences and Applications CY SEP 12-16, 2011 CL Bordeaux, FRANCE SP Inst Lasers Plasmas ID NATIONAL IGNITION FACILITY; DIRECT-DRIVE; IMPLOSIONS; PERFORMANCE AB A 2-D Eulerian code with a turbulent mix model was used for the first time to model a set of plastic (CH) ablator capsules with 15 mu m thick CH shells. Our simulations of these capsules do a reasonable job of matching the implosion radius versus time, self-emitting core radius, and have an experiment/simulation yield ratio that is about 0.24. C1 [Bradley, P. A.; Cobble, J. A.; Fincke, J. R.; Hsu, S. C.; Maglessen, G. R.; Murphy, T. J.; Schmitt, M. J.; Tregillis, I. L.; Vinyard, N. S.; Wysocki, F. J.; Obrey, K. D.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Bradley, PA (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, MS F699, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM pbradley@lanl.gov RI Murphy, Thomas/F-3101-2014; OI Murphy, Thomas/0000-0002-6137-9873; Schmitt, Mark/0000-0002-0197-9180; Bradley, Paul/0000-0001-6229-6677; Hsu, Scott/0000-0002-6737-4934 NR 13 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU E D P SCIENCES PI CEDEX A PA 17 AVE DU HOGGAR PARC D ACTIVITES COUTABOEUF BP 112, F-91944 CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 2100-014X BN 978-2-7598-1077-2 J9 EPJ WEB CONF PY 2013 VL 59 AR 04004 DI 10.1051/epjconf/20135904004 PG 4 WC Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BB2SZ UT WOS:000342286400052 ER PT S AU Brown, CG Clancy, TJ Eder, DC Ferguson, W Throop, AL AF Brown, C. G., Jr. Clancy, T. J. Eder, D. C. Ferguson, W. Throop, A. L. BE Mora, P Tanaka, KA Moses, E TI Analysis of electromagnetic pulse (EMP) measurements in the National Ignition Facility's target bay and chamber SO IFSA 2011 - SEVENTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INERTIAL FUSION SCIENCES AND APPLICATIONS SE EPJ Web of Conferences LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Inertial Fusion Sciences and Applications CY SEP 12-16, 2011 CL Bordeaux, FRANCE SP Inst Lasers Plasmas AB From May 2009 to the present we have recorded electromagnetic pulse (EMP) strength and spectrum (100 MHz - 5 GHz) in the target bay and chamber of the National Ignition Facility (NIF). The dependence of EMP strength and frequency spectrum on target type and laser energy is discussed. The largest EMP measured was for relatively low-energy, short-pulse (100 ps) flat targets. C1 [Brown, C. G., Jr.; Clancy, T. J.; Eder, D. C.; Ferguson, W.; Throop, A. L.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Brown, CG (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM brown207@llnl.gov NR 6 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 11 PU E D P SCIENCES PI CEDEX A PA 17 AVE DU HOGGAR PARC D ACTIVITES COUTABOEUF BP 112, F-91944 CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 2100-014X BN 978-2-7598-1077-2 J9 EPJ WEB CONF PY 2013 VL 59 AR 08012 DI 10.1051/epjconf/20135908012 PG 4 WC Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BB2SZ UT WOS:000342286400102 ER PT S AU Casner, A Philippe, F Tassin, V Seytor, P Monteil, MC Gauthier, P Park, HS Robey, H Ross, J Amendt, P Girard, F Villette, B Reverdin, C Loiseau, P Caillaud, T Landoas, O Li, CK Petrasso, R Seguin, F Rosenberg, M Renaudin, P AF Casner, A. Philippe, F. Tassin, V. Seytor, P. Monteil, M. -C. Gauthier, P. Park, H. S. Robey, H. Ross, J. Amendt, P. Girard, F. Villette, B. Reverdin, C. Loiseau, P. Caillaud, T. Landoas, O. Li, C. K. Petrasso, R. Seguin, F. Rosenberg, M. Renaudin, P. BE Mora, P Tanaka, KA Moses, E TI Progress of LMJ-relevant implosions experiments on OMEGA SO IFSA 2011 - SEVENTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INERTIAL FUSION SCIENCES AND APPLICATIONS SE EPJ Web of Conferences LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Inertial Fusion Sciences and Applications CY SEP 12-16, 2011 CL Bordeaux, FRANCE SP Inst Lasers Plasmas AB In preparation of the first ignition attempts on the Laser Megajoule (LMJ), an experimental program is being pursued on OMEGA to investigate LMJ-relevant hohlraums. First, radiation temperature levels close to 300 eV were recently achieved in reduced-scale hohlraums with modest backscatter losses. Regarding the baseline target design for fusion experiments on LMJ, an extensive experimental database has also been collected for scaled implosions experiments in both empty and gas-filled rugby-shaped hohlraums. We acquired a full picture of hohlraum energetics and implosion dynamics. Not only did the rugby hohlraums show significantly higher x-ray drive energy over the cylindrical hohlraums, but symmetry control by power balance was demonstrated, as well as high-performance D-2 implosions enabling the use of a complete suite of neutrons diagnostics. Charged particle diagnostics provide complementary insights into the physics of these x-ray driven implosions. An overview of these results demonstrates our ability to control the key parameters driving the implosion, lending more confidence in extrapolations to ignition-scale targets. C1 [Casner, A.; Philippe, F.; Tassin, V.; Seytor, P.; Monteil, M. -C.; Gauthier, P.; Girard, F.; Villette, B.; Reverdin, C.; Loiseau, P.; Caillaud, T.; Landoas, O.; Renaudin, P.] CEA, DAM, DIF, F-91297 Arpajon, France. [Park, H. S.; Robey, H.; Ross, J.; Amendt, P.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Li, C. K.; Petrasso, R.; Seguin, F.; Rosenberg, M.] MIT, Plasma Sci & Fus Ctr, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. RP Casner, A (reprint author), CEA, DAM, DIF, F-91297 Arpajon, France. RI CASNER, Alexis/B-7458-2014 OI CASNER, Alexis/0000-0003-2176-1389 NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 7 PU E D P SCIENCES PI CEDEX A PA 17 AVE DU HOGGAR PARC D ACTIVITES COUTABOEUF BP 112, F-91944 CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 2100-014X BN 978-2-7598-1077-2 J9 EPJ WEB CONF PY 2013 VL 59 AR UNSP 02001 DI 10.1051/epjconf/20135902001 PG 4 WC Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BB2SZ UT WOS:000342286400014 ER PT S AU Celliers, PM Robey, HF Boehly, TR Alger, E Azevedo, S Berzins, LV Bhandarkar, SD Bowers, MW Brereton, SJ Callahan, D Castro, C Chandrasekaran, H Choate, C Clark, DS Coffee, KR Datte, PS Dewald, EL DiNicola, P Dixit, S Doppner, T Dzenitis, E Edwards, MJ Eggert, JH Fair, J Farley, DR Frieders, G Gibson, CR Giraldez, E Haan, S Haid, B Hamza, AV Haynam, C Hicks, DG Holunga, DM Horner, JB Jancaitis, K Jones, OS Kalantar, D Kline, JL Krauter, KG Kroll, JJ LaFortune, KN Le Pape, S Malsbury, T Mapoles, ER Meezan, NB Milovich, JL Moody, JD Moreno, K Munro, DH Nikroo, A Olson, RE Parham, T Pollaine, S Radousky, HB Ross, GF Sater, J Schneider, MB Shaw, M Smith, RF Sterne, PA Thomas, CA Throop, A Town, RPJ Trummer, D Van Wonterghem, BM Walters, CF Widmann, K Widmayer, C Young, BK Atherton, LJ Collins, GW Landen, OL Lindl, JD MacGowan, BJ Meyerhofer, DD Moses, EI AF Celliers, P. M. Robey, H. F. Boehly, T. R. Alger, E. Azevedo, S. Berzins, L. V. Bhandarkar, S. D. Bowers, M. W. Brereton, S. J. Callahan, D. Castro, C. Chandrasekaran, H. Choate, C. Clark, D. S. Coffee, K. R. Datte, P. S. Dewald, E. L. DiNicola, P. Dixit, S. Doeppner, T. Dzenitis, E. Edwards, M. J. Eggert, J. H. Fair, J. Farley, D. R. Frieders, G. Gibson, C. R. Giraldez, E. Haan, S. Haid, B. Hamza, A. V. Haynam, C. Hicks, D. G. Holunga, D. M. Horner, J. B. Jancaitis, K. Jones, O. S. Kalantar, D. Kline, J. L. Krauter, K. G. Kroll, J. J. LaFortune, K. N. Le Pape, S. Malsbury, T. Mapoles, E. R. Meezan, N. B. Milovich, J. L. Moody, J. D. Moreno, K. Munro, D. H. Nikroo, A. Olson, R. E. Parham, T. Pollaine, S. Radousky, H. B. Ross, G. F. Sater, J. Schneider, M. B. Shaw, M. Smith, R. F. Sterne, P. A. Thomas, C. A. Throop, A. Town, R. P. J. Trummer, D. Van Wonterghem, B. M. Walters, C. F. Widmann, K. Widmayer, C. Young, B. K. Atherton, L. J. Collins, G. W. Landen, O. L. Lindl, J. D. MacGowan, B. J. Meyerhofer, D. D. Moses, E. I. BE Mora, P Tanaka, KA Moses, E TI Shock timing on the National Ignition Facility: First experiments SO IFSA 2011 - SEVENTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INERTIAL FUSION SCIENCES AND APPLICATIONS SE EPJ Web of Conferences LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Inertial Fusion Sciences and Applications CY SEP 12-16, 2011 CL Bordeaux, FRANCE SP Inst Lasers Plasmas AB An experimental campaign to tune the initial shock compression sequence of capsule implosions on the National Ignition Facility (NIF) was initiated in late 2010. The experiments use a NIF ignition-scale hohlraum and capsule that employs a re-entrant cone to provide optical access to the shocks as they propagate in the liquid deuterium-filled capsule interior. The strength and timing of the shock sequence is diagnosed with velocity interferometry that provides target performance data used to set the pulse shape for ignition capsule implosions that follow. From the start, these measurements yielded significant new information on target performance, leading to improvements in the target design. We describe the results and interpretation of the initial tuning experiments. C1 [Celliers, P. M.; Robey, H. F.; Azevedo, S.; Berzins, L. V.; Bhandarkar, S. D.; Bowers, M. W.; Brereton, S. J.; Callahan, D.; Castro, C.; Chandrasekaran, H.; Choate, C.; Clark, D. S.; Coffee, K. R.; Datte, P. S.; Dewald, E. L.; DiNicola, P.; Dixit, S.; Doeppner, T.; Dzenitis, E.; Edwards, M. J.; Eggert, J. H.; Fair, J.; Farley, D. R.; Frieders, G.; Haan, S.; Haid, B.; Hamza, A. V.; Haynam, C.; Hicks, D. G.; Holunga, D. M.; Horner, J. B.; Jancaitis, K.; Jones, O. S.; Kalantar, D.; Krauter, K. G.; Kroll, J. J.; LaFortune, K. N.; Le Pape, S.; Malsbury, T.; Mapoles, E. R.; Meezan, N. B.; Milovich, J. L.; Moody, J. D.; Munro, D. H.; Parham, T.; Pollaine, S.; Radousky, H. B.; Ross, G. F.; Sater, J.; Schneider, M. B.; Shaw, M.; Smith, R. F.; Sterne, P. A.; Thomas, C. A.; Throop, A.; Town, R. P. J.; Trummer, D.; Van Wonterghem, B. M.; Walters, C. F.; Widmann, K.; Widmayer, C.; Young, B. K.; Atherton, L. J.; Collins, G. W.; Landen, O. L.; Lindl, J. D.; MacGowan, B. J.; Moses, E. I.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Boehly, T. R.; Meyerhofer, D. D.] Univ Rochester, Laser Energet Lab, Rochester, NY 14423 USA. [Alger, E.; Gibson, C. R.; Giraldez, E.; Moreno, K.; Nikroo, A.] Gen Atom Co, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. [Kline, J. L.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Olson, R. E.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Celliers, PM (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM celliers1@llnl.gov RI Hicks, Damien/B-5042-2015; OI Hicks, Damien/0000-0001-8322-9983; Kline, John/0000-0002-2271-9919 NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 7 PU E D P SCIENCES PI CEDEX A PA 17 AVE DU HOGGAR PARC D ACTIVITES COUTABOEUF BP 112, F-91944 CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 2100-014X BN 978-2-7598-1077-2 J9 EPJ WEB CONF PY 2013 VL 59 AR UNSP 02004 DI 10.1051/epjconf/20135902004 PG 4 WC Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BB2SZ UT WOS:000342286400017 ER PT S AU Eder, D Bailey, D Chambers, F Darnell, I Di Nicola, P Dixit, S Fisher, A Gururangan, G Kalantar, D Koniges, A Liu, W Marinak, M Masters, N Mlaker, V Prasad, R Sepke, S Whitman, P AF Eder, D. Bailey, D. Chambers, F. Darnell, I. Di Nicola, P. Dixit, S. Fisher, A. Gururangan, G. Kalantar, D. Koniges, A. Liu, W. Marinak, M. Masters, N. Mlaker, V. Prasad, R. Sepke, S. Whitman, P. BE Mora, P Tanaka, KA Moses, E TI Observations and modeling of debris and shrapnel impacts on optics and diagnostics at the National Ignition Facility SO IFSA 2011 - SEVENTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INERTIAL FUSION SCIENCES AND APPLICATIONS SE EPJ Web of Conferences LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Inertial Fusion Sciences and Applications CY SEP 12-16, 2011 CL Bordeaux, FRANCE SP Inst Lasers Plasmas AB A wide range of targets with laser energies spanning two orders of magnitude have been shot at the National Ignition Facility (NIF). The National Ignition Campaign (NIC) targets are cryogenic with Si supports and cooling rings attached to an Al Thermo-Mechanical Package (TMP) with a thin (30 micron) Au hohlraum inside. Particular attention is placed on the low-energy shots where the TMP is not completely vaporized. In addition to NIC targets, a range of other targets has also been fielded on NIF. For all targets, simulations play a critical role in determining if the risks associated with debris and shrapnel are acceptable. In a number of cases, experiments were redesigned, based on simulations, to reduce risks or to obtain data. The majority of these simulations were done using the ALE-AMR code, which provides efficient late-time (100 - 1000X the pulse duration) 3D calculations of complex NIF targets. C1 [Eder, D.; Bailey, D.; Chambers, F.; Darnell, I.; Di Nicola, P.; Dixit, S.; Fisher, A.; Gururangan, G.; Kalantar, D.; Marinak, M.; Masters, N.; Mlaker, V.; Prasad, R.; Sepke, S.; Whitman, P.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Koniges, A.; Liu, W.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA USA. RP Eder, D (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM deder@llnl.gov NR 3 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU E D P SCIENCES PI CEDEX A PA 17 AVE DU HOGGAR PARC D ACTIVITES COUTABOEUF BP 112, F-91944 CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 2100-014X BN 978-2-7598-1077-2 J9 EPJ WEB CONF PY 2013 VL 59 AR UNSP 08010 DI 10.1051/epjconf/20135908010 PG 5 WC Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BB2SZ UT WOS:000342286400100 ER PT S AU Fittinghoff, DN Atkinson, DP Bower, DE Drury, OB Dzenitis, JM Felker, B Frank, M Liddick, SN Moran, MJ Roberson, GP Weiss, PB Grim, GP Aragonez, RJ Archuleta, TN Batha, SH Clark, DD Clark, DJ Danly, CR Day, RD Fatherley, VE Finch, JP Garcia, FP Gallegos, RA Guler, N Hsu, AH Jaramillo, SA Loomis, EN Mares, D Martinson, DD Merrill, FE Morgan, GL Munson, C Murphy, TJ Oertel, JA Polk, PJ Schmidt, DW Tregillis, IL Valdez, AC Volegov, PL Wang, TF Wilde, CH Wilke, MD Wilson, DC Buckles, RA Cradick, JR Kaufman, MI Lutz, SS Malone, RM Traille, A AF Fittinghoff, D. N. Atkinson, D. P. Bower, D. E. Drury, O. B. Dzenitis, J. M. Felker, B. Frank, M. Liddick, S. N. Moran, M. J. Roberson, G. P. Weiss, P. B. Grim, G. P. Aragonez, R. J. Archuleta, T. N. Batha, S. H. Clark, D. D. Clark, D. J. Danly, C. R. Day, R. D. Fatherley, V. E. Finch, J. P. Garcia, F. P. Gallegos, R. A. Guler, N. Hsu, A. H. Jaramillo, S. A. Loomis, E. N. Mares, D. Martinson, D. D. Merrill, F. E. Morgan, G. L. Munson, C. Murphy, T. J. Oertel, J. A. Polk, P. J. Schmidt, D. W. Tregillis, I. L. Valdez, A. C. Volegov, P. L. Wang, T. F. Wilde, C. H. Wilke, M. D. Wilson, D. C. Buckles, R. A. Cradick, J. R. Kaufman, M. I. Lutz, S. S. Malone, R. M. Traille, A. BE Mora, P Tanaka, KA Moses, E TI The neutron imaging system fielded at the National Ignition Facility SO IFSA 2011 - SEVENTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INERTIAL FUSION SCIENCES AND APPLICATIONS SE EPJ Web of Conferences LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Inertial Fusion Sciences and Applications CY SEP 12-16, 2011 CL Bordeaux, FRANCE SP Inst Lasers Plasmas ID FUSION-TARGETS AB We have fielded a neutron imaging system at the National Ignition Facility to collect images of fusion neutrons produced in the implosion of inertial confinement fusion experiments and scattered neutrons from (n, n') reactions of the source neutrons in the surrounding dense material. A description of the neutron imaging system is presented, including the pinhole array aperture, the line-of-sight collimation, the scintillator-based detection system and the alignment systems and methods. Discussion of the alignment and resolution of the system is presented. We also discuss future improvements to the system hardware. C1 [Fittinghoff, D. N.; Atkinson, D. P.; Bower, D. E.; Drury, O. B.; Dzenitis, J. M.; Felker, B.; Frank, M.; Liddick, S. N.; Moran, M. J.; Roberson, G. P.; Weiss, P. B.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 808, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Grim, G. P.; Aragonez, R. J.; Archuleta, T. N.; Batha, S. H.; Clark, D. D.; Clark, D. J.; Danly, C. R.; Day, R. D.; Fatherley, V. E.; Finch, J. P.; Garcia, F. P.; Gallegos, R. A.; Guler, N.; Hsu, A. H.; Jaramillo, S. A.; Loomis, E. N.; Mares, D.; Martinson, D. D.; Merrill, F. E.; Morgan, G. L.; Munson, C.; Murphy, T. J.; Oertel, J. A.; Polk, P. J.; Schmidt, D. W.; Tregillis, I. L.; Valdez, A. C.; Volegov, P. L.; Wang, T. F.; Wilde, C. H.; Wilke, M. D.; Wilson, D. C.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Buckles, R. A.; Cradick, J. R.; Kaufman, M. I.; Lutz, S. S.; Malone, R. M.; Traille, A.] Natl Secur Technol, Las Vegas, NV USA. RP Fittinghoff, DN (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 808, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM fittinghoff1@llnl.gov RI Frank, Matthias/O-9055-2014; Murphy, Thomas/F-3101-2014; OI Murphy, Thomas/0000-0002-6137-9873; Merrill, Frank/0000-0003-0603-735X NR 11 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU E D P SCIENCES PI CEDEX A PA 17 AVE DU HOGGAR PARC D ACTIVITES COUTABOEUF BP 112, F-91944 CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 2100-014X BN 978-2-7598-1077-2 J9 EPJ WEB CONF PY 2013 VL 59 AR UNSP 13016 DI 10.1051/epjconf/20135913016 PG 5 WC Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BB2SZ UT WOS:000342286400134 ER PT S AU Flippo, KA Johnson, RP Shimada, T Gaillard, SA Offermann, DT Shah, RC Archuleta, F Evans, SC Gonzales, RP Hurry, TR Kline, JL Reid, SM AF Flippo, K. A. Johnson, R. P. Shimada, T. Gaillard, S. A. Offermann, D. T. Shah, R. C. Archuleta, F. Evans, S. C. Gonzales, R. P. Hurry, T. R. Kline, J. L. Reid, S-M. BE Mora, P Tanaka, KA Moses, E TI The TRIDENT laser at LANL: New "dial-a-contrast" and high-contrast experimental capabilities SO IFSA 2011 - SEVENTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INERTIAL FUSION SCIENCES AND APPLICATIONS SE EPJ Web of Conferences LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Inertial Fusion Sciences and Applications CY SEP 12-16, 2011 CL Bordeaux, FRANCE SP Inst Lasers Plasmas ID OPTICAL-PARAMETRIC-AMPLIFICATION; ND-GLASS-LASER AB The Trident laser facility at Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) has served for more than 20 years as an important tool in inertial confinement fusion (ICF) and Material Dynamics research. An energy and power upgrade of the short-pulse beam line to 100J / 200TW was made in 2007 and contrast improvements have been made continually since. The combination of this powerful new short-pulse beamline with the two flexible long pulse beamlines, and a total of three different target areas, makes Trident a highly flexible and versatile research tool for high energy density laboratory plasma (HEDLP) research. The newest "Dial-a-Contrast" (DaC) features are described, along with nominal performance of the laser at the presently available highest contrast. C1 [Flippo, K. A.; Johnson, R. P.; Shimada, T.; Gaillard, S. A.; Offermann, D. T.; Shah, R. C.; Archuleta, F.; Evans, S. C.; Gonzales, R. P.; Hurry, T. R.; Kline, J. L.; Reid, S-M.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Flippo, KA (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1163, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM kflippo@lanl.gov; rpjohnson@lanl.gov RI Flippo, Kirk/C-6872-2009; OI Flippo, Kirk/0000-0002-4752-5141; Offermann, Dustin/0000-0002-6033-4905; Kline, John/0000-0002-2271-9919 NR 12 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU E D P SCIENCES PI CEDEX A PA 17 AVE DU HOGGAR PARC D ACTIVITES COUTABOEUF BP 112, F-91944 CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 2100-014X BN 978-2-7598-1077-2 J9 EPJ WEB CONF PY 2013 VL 59 AR 07003 DI 10.1051/epjconf/20135907003 PG 5 WC Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BB2SZ UT WOS:000342286400087 ER PT S AU Gilles, D Turck-Chieze, S Busquet, M Thais, F Loisel, G Piau, L Ducret, JE Blenski, T Blancard, C Cosse, P Faussurier, G Gilleron, F Pain, JC Porcherot, Q Guzik, JA Kilcrease, DP Magee, NH Harris, J Bastiani-Ceccotti, S Delahaye, F Zeippen, CJ AF Gilles, D. Turck-Chieze, S. Busquet, M. Thais, F. Loisel, G. Piau, L. Ducret, J. E. Blenski, T. Blancard, C. Cosse, P. Faussurier, G. Gilleron, F. Pain, J. C. Porcherot, Q. Guzik, J. A. Kilcrease, D. P. Magee, N. H. Harris, J. Bastiani-Ceccotti, S. Delahaye, F. Zeippen, C. J. BE Mora, P Tanaka, KA Moses, E TI Iron and Nickel spectral opacity calculations in conditions relevant for pulsating stellar envelopes and experiments SO IFSA 2011 - SEVENTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INERTIAL FUSION SCIENCES AND APPLICATIONS SE EPJ Web of Conferences LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Inertial Fusion Sciences and Applications CY SEP 12-16, 2011 CL Bordeaux, FRANCE SP Inst Lasers Plasmas ID LOCAL-DENSITY APPROXIMATION; CODE; CONFIGURATION; PLASMAS AB Seismology of stars is strongly developing. To address this question we have formed an international collaboration, OPAC, to perform specific experimental measurements, compare opacity calculations, and improve the opacity calculations in stellar codes [1]. We consider the following opacity codes: SCO, CASSANDRA, STA, OPAS, LEDCOP, OP, SCO-RCG. Their comparison has shown large differences for Fe and Ni in equivalent conditions of envelopes of type II supernova precursors, temperatures between 15 and 40 eV and densities of a few mg/cm(3) [2-4]. LEDCOP, OPAS, SCO-RCG structure codes and STA give similar results and differ from OP ones for the lower temperatures and for spectral interval values [3]. In this work we discuss the role of Configuration Interaction (CI) and the influence of the number of used configurations. We present and include in the opacity code comparisons new HULLAC-v9 calculations [5, 6] that include full CI. To illustrate the importance of this effect we compare different CI approximations (modes) available in HULLAC-v9 [7]. These results are compared to previous predictions and to experimental data. Differences with OP results are discussed. C1 [Gilles, D.; Turck-Chieze, S.; Piau, L.; Ducret, J. E.] CEA IRFU Sap, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Busquet, M.] ARTEP, Ellicott City, MD 21042 USA. [Thais, F.; Blenski, T.] CEA, IRAMIS, SPAM, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Loisel, G.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Blancard, C.; Cosse, P.; Faussurier, G.; Gilleron, F.; Pain, J. C.; Porcherot, Q.] CEA, DIF, F-91297 Arpajon, France. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Harris, J.] AWE, Reading RG7 4PR, Berks, England. [Bastiani-Ceccotti, S.] Ecole Polytech, LULI, F-91128 Palaiseau, France. [Delahaye, F.; Zeippen, C. J.] LERMA Observatoire Paris, Meudon, France. RP Gilles, D (reprint author), CEA IRFU Sap, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. EM dominique.gilles@cea.fr OI Pain, Jean-Christophe/0000-0002-7825-1315; Kilcrease, David/0000-0002-2319-5934 NR 14 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU E D P SCIENCES PI CEDEX A PA 17 AVE DU HOGGAR PARC D ACTIVITES COUTABOEUF BP 112, F-91944 CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 2100-014X BN 978-2-7598-1077-2 J9 EPJ WEB CONF PY 2013 VL 59 AR UNSP 14003 DI 10.1051/epjconf/20135914003 PG 4 WC Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BB2SZ UT WOS:000342286400140 ER PT S AU Grim, GP Aragonez, RJ Atkinson, DP Atkinson, DP Batha, SH Barrios, MA Bower, DE Bradley, DK Buckles, RA Clark, DD Clark, DJ Cradick, JR Danly, C Drury, OB Fatherley, VE Finch, JP Garcia, FP Gallegos, RA Guler, N Glenn, SM Hsu, AH Izumi, N Jaramillo, SA Kyrala, GA Le Pape, S Loomis, EN Mares, D Martinson, DD Ma, T Mackinnon, AJ Merrill, FE Morgan, GL Munson, C Murphy, TJ Polk, PJ Schmidt, DW Tommasini, R Tregillis, IL Valdez, AC Volegov, PL Wang, TSF Wilde, CH Wilke, MD Wilson, DC Dzenitis, JM Felker, B Fittinghoff, DN Frank, M Liddick, SN Moran, MJ Roberson, GP Weiss, P Albert, RMM Lutz, SS Malone, RM Traille, A AF Grim, Gary P. Aragonez, Robert J. Atkinson, Dennis P. Atkinson, Dennis P. Batha, Steven H. Barrios, Maria A. Bower, Dan E. Bradley, David K. Buckles, Robert A. Clark, David D. Clark, Deborah J. Cradick, Jerry R. Danly, Chris Drury, Owen B. Fatherley, Valerie E. Finch, Joshua P. Garcia, Felix P. Gallegos, Robert A. Guler, Nevzat Glenn, Steven M. Hsu, Albert H. Izumi, Nobuhiko Jaramillo, Steven A. Kyrala, George A. Le Pape, Sebastien Loomis, Eric N. Mares, Danielle Martinson, Drew D. Ma, Tammy Mackinnon, Andrew J. Merrill, Frank E. Morgan, George L. Munson, Carter Murphy, Thomas J. Polk, Paul J. Schmidt, Derek W. Tommasini, Riccardo Tregillis, Ian L. Valdez, Adelaida C. Volegov, Petr L. Wang, Tai-Sen F. Wilde, Carl H. Wilke, Mark D. Wilson, Douglas C. Dzenitis, John M. Felker, Brian Fittinghoff, David N. Frank, Matthias Liddick, Sean N. Moran, Michael J. Roberson, George P. Weiss, Paul Kauffman, Morris I. Lutz, Steve S. Malone, Robert M. Traille, Albert BE Mora, P Tanaka, KA Moses, E TI Summary of the first neutron image data collected at the National Ignition Facility SO IFSA 2011 - SEVENTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INERTIAL FUSION SCIENCES AND APPLICATIONS SE EPJ Web of Conferences LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Inertial Fusion Sciences and Applications CY SEP 12-16, 2011 CL Bordeaux, FRANCE SP Inst Lasers Plasmas ID INERTIAL CONFINEMENT FUSION; TARGETS AB A summary of data and results from the first neutron images produced by the National Ignition Facility (NIF), Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, USA are presented. An overview of the neutron imaging technique is presented, as well as a synopsis of data and measurements made to date. Data from directly driven, DT filled microballoons, as well as indirectly driven, cryogenically layered ignition experiments are presented. The data show that the primary cores from directly driven implosions are approximately twice as large, 64 +/- 3 mu m, as indirectly driven cores, 25 +/- 4 and 29 +/- 4 mu m and more asymmetric, P2/P0 = 47% vs. -14% and 7%. Further, comparison with the size and shape of X-ray image data on the same implosions show good agreement, indicating X-ray emission is dominated by the hot regions of the implosion. C1 [Grim, Gary P.; Aragonez, Robert J.; Atkinson, Dennis P.; Batha, Steven H.; Clark, David D.; Clark, Deborah J.; Fatherley, Valerie E.; Garcia, Felix P.; Gallegos, Robert A.; Guler, Nevzat; Hsu, Albert H.; Jaramillo, Steven A.; Kyrala, George A.; Loomis, Eric N.; Mares, Danielle; Martinson, Drew D.; Merrill, Frank E.; Morgan, George L.; Munson, Carter; Murphy, Thomas J.; Polk, Paul J.; Schmidt, Derek W.; Tregillis, Ian L.; Valdez, Adelaida C.; Volegov, Petr L.; Wang, Tai-Sen F.; Wilde, Carl H.; Wilke, Mark D.; Wilson, Douglas C.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Atkinson, Dennis P.; Barrios, Maria A.; Bower, Dan E.; Bradley, David K.; Drury, Owen B.; Glenn, Steven M.; Le Pape, Sebastien; Ma, Tammy; Tommasini, Riccardo; Dzenitis, John M.; Felker, Brian; Fittinghoff, David N.; Frank, Matthias; Liddick, Sean N.; Moran, Michael J.; Roberson, George P.; Weiss, Paul] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Buckles, Robert A.; Cradick, Jerry R.; Traille, Albert] Natl Secur Technol, Livermore Operat, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Kauffman, Morris I.; Malone, Robert M.] Natl Secur Technol, Los Alamos Operat, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. [Finch, Joshua P.] Natl Secur Technol, Special Technol Lab, Santa Barbara, CA 93111 USA. Global Nucl Fuel, Wilmington, NC 28402 USA. RP Grim, GP (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM gpgrim@lanl.gov RI Frank, Matthias/O-9055-2014; MacKinnon, Andrew/P-7239-2014; Murphy, Thomas/F-3101-2014; IZUMI, Nobuhiko/J-8487-2016; Tommasini, Riccardo/A-8214-2009; OI MacKinnon, Andrew/0000-0002-4380-2906; Murphy, Thomas/0000-0002-6137-9873; IZUMI, Nobuhiko/0000-0003-1114-597X; Tommasini, Riccardo/0000-0002-1070-3565; Merrill, Frank/0000-0003-0603-735X NR 9 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 8 PU E D P SCIENCES PI CEDEX A PA 17 AVE DU HOGGAR PARC D ACTIVITES COUTABOEUF BP 112, F-91944 CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 2100-014X BN 978-2-7598-1077-2 J9 EPJ WEB CONF PY 2013 VL 59 AR UNSP 13017 DI 10.1051/epjconf/20135913017 PG 5 WC Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BB2SZ UT WOS:000342286400135 ER PT S AU Guler, N Aragonez, RJ Archuleta, TN Batha, SH Clark, DD Clark, DJ Danly, CR Day, RD Fatherley, VE Finch, JP Gallegos, RA Garcia, FP Grim, G Hsu, AH Jaramillo, SA Loomis, EN Mares, D Martinson, DD Merrill, FE Morgan, GL Munson, C Murphy, TJ Oertel, JA Polk, PJ Schmidt, DW Tregillis, IL Valdez, AC Volegov, PL Wang, TSF Wilde, CH Wilke, MD Wilson, DC Atkinson, DP Bower, DE Drury, OB Dzenitis, JM Felker, B Fittinghoff, DN Frank, M Liddick, SN Moran, MJ Roberson, GP Weiss, P Buckles, RA Cradick, JR Kaufman, MI Lutz, SS Malone, RM Traille, A AF Guler, Nevzat Aragonez, Robert J. Archuleta, Thomas N. Batha, Steven H. Clark, David D. Clark, Deborah J. Danly, Chris R. Day, Robert D. Fatherley, Valerie E. Finch, Joshua P. Gallegos, Robert A. Garcia, Felix P. Grim, Gary Hsu, Albert H. Jaramillo, Steven A. Loomis, Eric N. Mares, Danielle Martinson, Drew D. Merrill, Frank E. Morgan, George L. Munson, Carter Murphy, Thomas J. Oertel, John A. Polk, Paul J. Schmidt, Derek W. Tregillis, Ian L. Valdez, Adelaida C. Volegov, Petr L. Wang, Tai-Sen F. Wilde, Carl H. Wilke, Mark D. Wilson, Douglas C. Atkinson, Dennis P. Bower, Dan E. Drury, Owen B. Dzenitis, John M. Felker, Brian Fittinghoff, David N. Frank, Matthias Liddick, Sean N. Moran, Michael J. Roberson, George P. Weiss, Paul Buckles, Robert A. Cradick, Jerry R. Kaufman, Morris I. Lutz, Steve S. Malone, Robert M. Traille, Albert BE Mora, P Tanaka, KA Moses, E TI First downscattered neutron images from Inertial Confinement Fusion experiments at the National Ignition Facility SO IFSA 2011 - SEVENTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INERTIAL FUSION SCIENCES AND APPLICATIONS SE EPJ Web of Conferences LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Inertial Fusion Sciences and Applications CY SEP 12-16, 2011 CL Bordeaux, FRANCE SP Inst Lasers Plasmas AB Inertial Confinement Fusion experiments at the National Ignition Facility (NIF) are designed to understand and test the basic principles of self-sustaining fusion reactions by laser driven compression of deuterium-tritium (DT) filled cryogenic plastic (CH) capsules. The experimental campaign is ongoing to tune the implosions and characterize the burning plasma conditions. Nuclear diagnostics play an important role in measuring the characteristics of these burning plasmas, providing feedback to improve the implosion dynamics. The Neutron Imaging (NI) diagnostic provides information on the distribution of the central fusion reaction region and the surrounding DT fuel by collecting images at two different energy bands for primary (13-15 MeV) and downscattered (10-12 MeV) neutrons. From these distributions, the final shape and size of the compressed capsule can be estimated and the symmetry of the compression can be inferred. The first downscattered neutron images from imploding ICF capsules are shown in this paper. C1 [Guler, Nevzat; Aragonez, Robert J.; Archuleta, Thomas N.; Batha, Steven H.; Clark, David D.; Clark, Deborah J.; Danly, Chris R.; Day, Robert D.; Fatherley, Valerie E.; Finch, Joshua P.; Gallegos, Robert A.; Garcia, Felix P.; Grim, Gary; Hsu, Albert H.; Jaramillo, Steven A.; Loomis, Eric N.; Mares, Danielle; Martinson, Drew D.; Merrill, Frank E.; Morgan, George L.; Munson, Carter; Murphy, Thomas J.; Oertel, John A.; Polk, Paul J.; Schmidt, Derek W.; Tregillis, Ian L.; Valdez, Adelaida C.; Volegov, Petr L.; Wang, Tai-Sen F.; Wilde, Carl H.; Wilke, Mark D.; Wilson, Douglas C.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Atkinson, Dennis P.; Bower, Dan E.; Drury, Owen B.; Dzenitis, John M.; Felker, Brian; Fittinghoff, David N.; Frank, Matthias; Liddick, Sean N.; Moran, Michael J.; Roberson, George P.; Weiss, Paul] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94450 USA. [Buckles, Robert A.; Cradick, Jerry R.; Kaufman, Morris I.; Lutz, Steve S.; Malone, Robert M.; Traille, Albert] Natl Secur Technol, Las Vegas, NV 89193 USA. RP Guler, N (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM nguler@lanl.gov RI Frank, Matthias/O-9055-2014; Murphy, Thomas/F-3101-2014; OI Murphy, Thomas/0000-0002-6137-9873; Merrill, Frank/0000-0003-0603-735X NR 10 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 9 PU E D P SCIENCES PI CEDEX A PA 17 AVE DU HOGGAR PARC D ACTIVITES COUTABOEUF BP 112, F-91944 CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 2100-014X BN 978-2-7598-1077-2 J9 EPJ WEB CONF PY 2013 VL 59 AR UNSP 13018 DI 10.1051/epjconf/20135913018 PG 5 WC Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BB2SZ UT WOS:000342286400136 ER PT S AU Ho, DDM Salmonson, JD Clark, DS Lindl, JD Haan, SW Amendt, P Wu, KJ AF Ho, D. D. -M. Salmonson, J. D. Clark, D. S. Lindl, J. D. Haan, S. W. Amendt, P. Wu, K. J. BE Mora, P Tanaka, KA Moses, E TI Ignition capsules with aerogel-supported liquid DT fuel for the National Ignition Facility SO IFSA 2011 - SEVENTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INERTIAL FUSION SCIENCES AND APPLICATIONS SE EPJ Web of Conferences LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Inertial Fusion Sciences and Applications CY SEP 12-16, 2011 CL Bordeaux, FRANCE SP Inst Lasers Plasmas AB For high repetition-rate fusion power plant applications, capsules with aerogel-supported liquid DT fuel can have much reduced fill time compared to beta-layering a solid DT fuel layer. The melting point of liquid DT can be lowered once liquid DT is embedded in an aerogel matrix, and the DT vapor density is consequently closer to the desired density for optimal capsule design requirement. We present design for NIF-scale aerogel-filled capsules based on 1-D and 2-D simulations. An optimal configuration is obtained when the outer radius is increased until the clean fuel fraction is within 65 - 75% at peak velocity. A scan ( in ablator and fuel thickness parameter space) is used to optimize the capsule configurations. The optimized aerogel-filled capsule has good low-mode robustness and acceptable high-mode mix. C1 [Ho, D. D. -M.; Salmonson, J. D.; Clark, D. S.; Lindl, J. D.; Haan, S. W.; Amendt, P.; Wu, K. J.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Ho, DDM (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU E D P SCIENCES PI CEDEX A PA 17 AVE DU HOGGAR PARC D ACTIVITES COUTABOEUF BP 112, F-91944 CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 2100-014X BN 978-2-7598-1077-2 J9 EPJ WEB CONF PY 2013 VL 59 AR 02012 DI 10.1051/epjconf/20135902012 PG 5 WC Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BB2SZ UT WOS:000342286400025 ER PT S AU Hoffman, NM Herrmann, HW Kim, YH Hsu, HH Horsfield, CJ Rubery, MS Wilson, DC Stoeffl, W Young, CS Mack, JM Miller, EK Grafil, E Evans, SC Sedillo, TJ Glebov, VY Duffy, T AF Hoffman, N. M. Herrmann, H. W. Kim, Y. H. Hsu, H. H. Horsfield, C. J. Rubery, M. S. Wilson, D. C. Stoeffl, W. Young, C. S. Mack, J. M. Miller, E. K. Grafil, E. Evans, S. C. Sedillo, T. J. Glebov, V. Yu Duffy, T. BE Mora, P Tanaka, KA Moses, E TI In situ calibration of the Gamma Reaction History instrument using reference samples ("pucks") for areal density measurements SO IFSA 2011 - SEVENTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INERTIAL FUSION SCIENCES AND APPLICATIONS SE EPJ Web of Conferences LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Inertial Fusion Sciences and Applications CY SEP 12-16, 2011 CL Bordeaux, FRANCE SP Inst Lasers Plasmas ID 14-MEV NEUTRONS; CARBON AB The introduction of a sample of carbon, for example a disk or "puck", near an imploding DT-filled capsule creates a source of C-12 gamma rays that can serve as a reference for calibrating the response of the Gamma Reaction History (GRH) detector [1]. Such calibration is important in the measurement of ablator areal density (abl) in plastic-ablator DT-filled capsules at OMEGA [2], by allowing (abl) to be inferred as a function of ratios of signals rather than from absolute measurements of signal magnitudes. Systematic uncertainties in signal measurements and detector responses therefore cancel, permitting more accurate measurements of (abl) . C1 [Hoffman, N. M.; Herrmann, H. W.; Kim, Y. H.; Hsu, H. H.; Wilson, D. C.; Young, C. S.; Mack, J. M.; Evans, S. C.; Sedillo, T. J.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Horsfield, C. J.; Rubery, M. S.] Atom Weapons Establishment, Aldermaston RG7 4PR, Berks, England. [Miller, E. K.] Natl Secur Technol, LLC, Santa Barbara, CA 93111 USA. [Grafil, E.] Colorado Sch Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Stoeffl, W.; Young, C. S.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Glebov, V. Yu; Duffy, T.] Univ Rochester, Laser Energet Lab, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. RP Hoffman, NM (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 7 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 3 PU E D P SCIENCES PI CEDEX A PA 17 AVE DU HOGGAR PARC D ACTIVITES COUTABOEUF BP 112, F-91944 CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 2100-014X BN 978-2-7598-1077-2 J9 EPJ WEB CONF PY 2013 VL 59 AR UNSP 13019 DI 10.1051/epjconf/20135913019 PG 5 WC Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BB2SZ UT WOS:000342286400137 ER PT S AU Honrubia, JJ Enriquez, CD Fernandez, JC Hegelich, M AF Honrubia, J. J. Enriquez, C. D. Fernandez, J. C. Hegelich, M. BE Mora, P Tanaka, KA Moses, E TI Fast ignition by quasimonoenergetic ion beams SO IFSA 2011 - SEVENTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INERTIAL FUSION SCIENCES AND APPLICATIONS SE EPJ Web of Conferences LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Inertial Fusion Sciences and Applications CY SEP 12-16, 2011 CL Bordeaux, FRANCE SP Inst Lasers Plasmas ID DRIVEN AB The potential of quasimonoenergetic ion beams for fast ignition (FI) of fusion targets is investigated. Lithium, carbon, aluminium and vanadium ions have been considered here to determine the optimal kinetic energy for each ion type. Our calculations show that the ignition energies of those beams impinging on a standard fuel configuration are similar. However, they are obtained for very different ion energies. Assuming that the ions can be focused onto 10 mu m spots, a new irradiation scheme that reduces substantially the ignition energies is proposed. The combination of using intermediate ions, such as 5.5 GeV vanadium, and the new irradiation scheme allows one to reduce the number of ions required for ignition by roughly three orders of magnitude when compared with the standard proton FI scheme. C1 [Honrubia, J. J.; Enriquez, C. D.] Tech Univ Madrid, ETSI Aeronaut, Madrid 28040, Spain. [Fernandez, J. C.; Hegelich, M.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Honrubia, JJ (reprint author), Tech Univ Madrid, ETSI Aeronaut, Madrid 28040, Spain. RI Honrubia, Javier/L-6337-2014; Fernandez, Juan/H-3268-2011 OI Honrubia, Javier/0000-0002-3024-4431; Fernandez, Juan/0000-0002-1438-1815 FU Spanish Ministry of Education and Research [ENE2009-11668] FX This work has been partially supported by the research grant ENE2009-11668 from the Spanish Ministry of Education and Research. NR 25 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU E D P SCIENCES PI CEDEX A PA 17 AVE DU HOGGAR PARC D ACTIVITES COUTABOEUF BP 112, F-91944 CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 2100-014X BN 978-2-7598-1077-2 J9 EPJ WEB CONF PY 2013 VL 59 AR UNSP 03013 DI 10.1051/epjconf/20135903013 PG 5 WC Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BB2SZ UT WOS:000342286400045 ER PT S AU Jones, O Callahan, D Cerjan, C Clark, D Edwards, MJ Glenzer, S Marinak, M Meezan, N Milovich, J Olson, R Patel, M Robey, H Sepke, S Spears, B Springer, P Weber, S Wilson, D AF Jones, O. Callahan, D. Cerjan, C. Clark, D. Edwards, M. J. Glenzer, S. Marinak, M. Meezan, N. Milovich, J. Olson, R. Patel, M. Robey, H. Sepke, S. Spears, B. Springer, P. Weber, S. Wilson, D. BE Mora, P Tanaka, KA Moses, E TI Towards an integrated model of the NIC layered implosions SO IFSA 2011 - SEVENTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INERTIAL FUSION SCIENCES AND APPLICATIONS SE EPJ Web of Conferences LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Inertial Fusion Sciences and Applications CY SEP 12-16, 2011 CL Bordeaux, FRANCE SP Inst Lasers Plasmas AB A detailed simulation-based model of the June 2011 National Ignition Campaign (NIC) cryogenic DT experiments is presented. The model is based on integrated hohlraum-capsule simulations that utilize the best available models for the hohlraum wall, ablator, and DT equations of state and opacities. The calculated radiation drive was adjusted by changing the input laser power to match the experimentally measured shock speeds, shock merger times, peak implosion velocity, and bangtime. The crossbeam energy transfer model was tuned to match the measured time-dependent symmetry. Mid-mode mix was included by directly modeling the ablator and ice surface perturbations up to mode 60. Simulated experimental values were extracted from the simulation and compared against the experiment. The model adjustments brought much of the simulated data into closer agreement with the experiment, with the notable exception of the measured yields, which were 15-40% of the calculated yields. C1 [Jones, O.; Callahan, D.; Cerjan, C.; Clark, D.; Edwards, M. J.; Glenzer, S.; Marinak, M.; Meezan, N.; Milovich, J.; Patel, M.; Robey, H.; Sepke, S.; Spears, B.; Springer, P.; Weber, S.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Olson, R.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Wilson, D.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA. RP Jones, O (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM jones96@llnl.gov OI Patel, Mehul/0000-0002-0486-010X NR 9 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU E D P SCIENCES PI CEDEX A PA 17 AVE DU HOGGAR PARC D ACTIVITES COUTABOEUF BP 112, F-91944 CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 2100-014X BN 978-2-7598-1077-2 J9 EPJ WEB CONF PY 2013 VL 59 AR UNSP 02009 DI 10.1051/epjconf/20135902009 PG 4 WC Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BB2SZ UT WOS:000342286400022 ER PT S AU Key, M Amendt, P Bellei, C Clark, D Cohen, B Divol, L Ho, D Kemp, A Larson, D Marinak, M Patel, P Shay, H Strozzi, D Tabak, M AF Key, M. Amendt, P. Bellei, C. Clark, D. Cohen, B. Divol, L. Ho, D. Kemp, A. Larson, D. Marinak, M. Patel, P. Shay, H. Strozzi, D. Tabak, M. BE Mora, P Tanaka, KA Moses, E TI Progress and prospects for an IFE relevant FI point design SO IFSA 2011 - SEVENTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INERTIAL FUSION SCIENCES AND APPLICATIONS SE EPJ Web of Conferences LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Inertial Fusion Sciences and Applications CY SEP 12-16, 2011 CL Bordeaux, FRANCE SP Inst Lasers Plasmas AB The physics issues involved in scaling from sub-ignition to high gain fast ignition are discussed. Successful point designs must collimate the electrons and minimise the standoff distance to avoid multi-megajoule ignition energies. Collimating B field configurations are identified and some initial designs are explored. C1 [Key, M.; Amendt, P.; Bellei, C.; Clark, D.; Cohen, B.; Divol, L.; Ho, D.; Kemp, A.; Larson, D.; Marinak, M.; Patel, P.; Shay, H.; Strozzi, D.; Tabak, M.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Key, M (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. OI Larson, David/0000-0003-0814-8555; Strozzi, David/0000-0001-8814-3791 NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU E D P SCIENCES PI CEDEX A PA 17 AVE DU HOGGAR PARC D ACTIVITES COUTABOEUF BP 112, F-91944 CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 2100-014X BN 978-2-7598-1077-2 J9 EPJ WEB CONF PY 2013 VL 59 AR 03011 DI 10.1051/epjconf/20135903011 PG 4 WC Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BB2SZ UT WOS:000342286400043 ER PT S AU Kline, JL Meezan, NB Callahan, DA Glenzer, SH Kyrala, GA Dixit, SN Town, RPJ Benedetti, R Bradley, DK Bond, E Di Nicola, P Dewald, EL Doeppner, T Glenn, S Haynam, C Heeter, RF Hinkel, DE Izumi, N Jancaitis, K Jones, OS Kalantar, D Kilkenny, J LaFortune, KN Landen, O Ma, T MacKinnon, A Michel, P Moody, JD Moran, M Parham, T Prasad, RR Radousky, HB Ralph, J Schneider, MB Simanovskaia, N Thomas, CA Weber, S Widmann, K Widmayer, C Williams, EA Van Wontergheman, B Edwards, MJ Suter, LJ Atherton, LJ MacGowan, BJ AF Kline, J. L. Meezan, N. B. Callahan, D. A. Glenzer, S. H. Kyrala, G. A. Dixit, S. N. Town, R. P. J. Benedetti, R. Bradley, D. K. Bond, E. Di Nicola, P. Dewald, E. L. Doeppner, T. Glenn, S. Haynam, C. Heeter, R. F. Hinkel, D. E. Izumi, N. Jancaitis, K. Jones, O. S. Kalantar, D. Kilkenny, J. LaFortune, K. N. Landen, O. Ma, T. MacKinnon, A. Michel, P. Moody, J. D. Moran, M. Parham, T. Prasad, R. R. Radousky, H. B. Ralph, J. Schneider, M. B. Simanovskaia, N. Thomas, C. A. Weber, S. Widmann, K. Widmayer, C. Williams, E. A. Van Wontergheman, B. Edwards, M. J. Suter, L. J. Atherton, L. J. MacGowan, B. J. BE Mora, P Tanaka, KA Moses, E TI Symmetry tuning with megajoule laser pulses at the National Ignition Facility SO IFSA 2011 - SEVENTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INERTIAL FUSION SCIENCES AND APPLICATIONS SE EPJ Web of Conferences LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Inertial Fusion Sciences and Applications CY SEP 12-16, 2011 CL Bordeaux, FRANCE SP Inst Lasers Plasmas ID ENERGY-TRANSFER; BEAMS; PERFORMANCE AB Experiments conducted at the National Ignition Facility using shaped laser pulses with more than 1 MJ of energy have demonstrated the ability to control the implosion symmetry under ignition conditions. To achieve thermonuclear ignition, the low mode asymmetries must be small to minimize the size of the hotspot. The symmetry tuning experiments use symmetry capsules, "symcaps", which replace the DT fuel with an equivalent mass of CH to emulate the hydrodynamic behavior of an ignition capsule. The x-ray self-emission signature from gas inside the capsule during the peak compression correlates with the surrounding hotspot shape. By tuning the shape of the self-emission, the capsule implosion symmetry can be made to be "round." In the experimental results presented here, we utilized crossbeam energy transfer [S. H. Glenzer, et al., Science 327, 1228 (2010)] to change the ratio of the inner to outer cone power inside the hohlraum targets on the NIF. Variations in the ratio of the inner cone to outer cone power affect the radiation pattern incident on the capsule modifying the implosion symmetry. C1 [Kline, J. L.; Kyrala, G. A.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Meezan, N. B.; Callahan, D. A.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. [Kilkenny, J.] Gen Atom Co, San Diego, CA 92121 USA. RP Kline, JL (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Michel, Pierre/J-9947-2012; MacKinnon, Andrew/P-7239-2014; IZUMI, Nobuhiko/J-8487-2016; OI MacKinnon, Andrew/0000-0002-4380-2906; IZUMI, Nobuhiko/0000-0003-1114-597X; Kline, John/0000-0002-2271-9919 NR 17 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU E D P SCIENCES PI CEDEX A PA 17 AVE DU HOGGAR PARC D ACTIVITES COUTABOEUF BP 112, F-91944 CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 2100-014X BN 978-2-7598-1077-2 J9 EPJ WEB CONF PY 2013 VL 59 AR 02007 DI 10.1051/epjconf/20135902007 PG 5 WC Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BB2SZ UT WOS:000342286400020 ER PT S AU Koniges, A Liu, WY Barnard, J Friedman, A Logan, G Eder, D Fisher, A Masters, N Bertozzi, A AF Koniges, Alice Liu, Wangyi Barnard, John Friedman, Alex Logan, Grant Eder, David Fisher, Aaron Masters, Nathan Bertozzi, Andrea BE Mora, P Tanaka, KA Moses, E TI Modeling warm dense matter experiments using the 3D ALE-AMR code and the move toward exascale computing SO IFSA 2011 - SEVENTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INERTIAL FUSION SCIENCES AND APPLICATIONS SE EPJ Web of Conferences LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Inertial Fusion Sciences and Applications CY SEP 12-16, 2011 CL Bordeaux, FRANCE SP Inst Lasers Plasmas AB The Neutralized Drift Compression Experiment II (NDCX II) is an induction accelerator planned for initial commissioning in 2012. The final design calls for a 3 MeV, Li+ ion beam, delivered in a bunch with characteristic pulse duration of 1 ns, and transverse dimension of order 1 mm. The NDCX II will be used in studies of material in the warm dense matter (WDM) regime, and ion beam/hydrodynamic coupling experiments relevant to heavy ion based inertial fusion energy. We discuss recent efforts to adapt the 3D ALE-AMR code to model WDM experiments on NDCX II. The code, which combines Arbitrary Lagrangian Eulerian (ALE) hydrodynamics with Adaptive Mesh Refinement (AMR), has physics models that include ion deposition, radiation hydrodynamics, thermal diffusion, anisotropic material strength with material time history, and advanced models for fragmentation. Experiments at NDCX-II will explore the process of bubble and droplet formation (two-phase expansion) of superheated metal solids using ion beams. Experiments at higher temperatures will explore equation of state and heavy ion fusion beam-to-target energy coupling efficiency. Ion beams allow precise control of local beam energy deposition providing uniform volumetric heating on a timescale shorter than that of hydrodynamic expansion. We also briefly discuss the effects of the move to exascale computing and related computational changes on general modeling codes in fusion. C1 [Koniges, Alice; Liu, Wangyi; Logan, Grant] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Barnard, John; Friedman, Alex; Eder, David; Fisher, Aaron; Masters, Nathan] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. [Bertozzi, Andrea] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP Koniges, A (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM aekoniges@lbl.gov RI Bertozzi, Andrea/A-1831-2012 OI Bertozzi, Andrea/0000-0003-0396-7391 FU Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy [DEAC02-05CH11231]; U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Security; LLC; Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344] FX This research used resources of the National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center, which is supported by the Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DEAC02- 05CH11231. Work by LBNL was supported by the Director, Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. Work by LLNL was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Security, LLC, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. This work is dedicated to the memory of Frank Bieniosek (1953-2011) who contributed the NDCX-I experimental data images. NR 4 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU E D P SCIENCES PI CEDEX A PA 17 AVE DU HOGGAR PARC D ACTIVITES COUTABOEUF BP 112, F-91944 CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 2100-014X BN 978-2-7598-1077-2 J9 EPJ WEB CONF PY 2013 VL 59 AR UNSP 09006 DI 10.1051/epjconf/20135909006 PG 5 WC Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BB2SZ UT WOS:000342286400108 ER PT S AU Kramer, KJ Latkowski, JF Abbott, RP Anklam, TP Dunne, AM El-Dasher, BS Flowers, DL Fluss, MJ Lafuente, A Loosnnore, GA Morris, KR Moses, E Reyes, S AF Kramer, K. J. Latkowski, J. F. Abbott, R. P. Anklam, T. P. Dunne, A. M. El-Dasher, B. S. Flowers, D. L. Fluss, M. J. Lafuente, A. Loosnnore, G. A. Morris, K. R. Moses, E. Reyes, S. BE Mora, P Tanaka, KA Moses, E TI Fusion technologies for Laser Inertial Fusion Energy (LIFE) SO IFSA 2011 - SEVENTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INERTIAL FUSION SCIENCES AND APPLICATIONS SE EPJ Web of Conferences LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Inertial Fusion Sciences and Applications CY SEP 12-16, 2011 CL Bordeaux, FRANCE SP Inst Lasers Plasmas AB The Laser Inertial Fusion-based Energy (LIFE) engine design builds upon on going progress at the National Ignition Facility (NIF) and offers a near-term pathway to commercial fusion. Fusion technologies that are critical to success are reflected in the design of the first wall, blanket and tritium separation subsystems. The present work describes the LIFE engine-related components and technologies. LIFE utilizes a thermally robust indirect-drive target and a chamber fill gas. Coolant selection and a large chamber solid-angle coverage provide ample tritium breeding margin and high blanket gain. Target material selection eliminates the need for aggressive chamber clearing, while enabling recycling. Demonstrated tritium separation and storage technologies limit the site tritium inventory to attractive levels. These key technologies, along with the maintenance and advanced materials qualification program have been integrated into the LIFE delivery plan. This describes the development of components and subsystems, through prototyping and integration into a First Of A Kind power plant. C1 [Kramer, K. J.; Latkowski, J. F.; Abbott, R. P.; Anklam, T. P.; Dunne, A. M.; El-Dasher, B. S.; Flowers, D. L.; Fluss, M. J.; Lafuente, A.; Loosnnore, G. A.; Morris, K. R.; Moses, E.; Reyes, S.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Kramer, KJ (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, 7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RI Dunne, Mike/B-4318-2014 OI Dunne, Mike/0000-0001-8740-3870 NR 4 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 4 PU E D P SCIENCES PI CEDEX A PA 17 AVE DU HOGGAR PARC D ACTIVITES COUTABOEUF BP 112, F-91944 CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 2100-014X BN 978-2-7598-1077-2 J9 EPJ WEB CONF PY 2013 VL 59 AR 11001 DI 10.1051/epjconf/20135911001 PG 4 WC Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BB2SZ UT WOS:000342286400112 ER PT S AU Kyrala, GA Bradley, DK Callahan, DA Dixit, SN Edwards, MJ Glenn, SM Glenzer, SH Izumi, N Jones, OS Kline, JL Landen, OL Ma, T Milovich, JL Meezan, NB Spears, BK Town, RPJ Weber, S Benedetti, R Doppner, T Ralph, J Kilkenny, J AF Kyrala, G. A. Bradley, D. K. Callahan, D. A. Dixit, S. N. Edwards, M. J. Glenn, S. M. Glenzer, S. H. Izumi, N. Jones, O. S. Kline, J. L. Landen, O. L. Ma, T. Milovich, J. L. Meezan, N. B. Spears, B. K. Town, R. P. J. Weber, S. Benedetti, R. Doeppner, T. Ralph, J. Kilkenny, J. BE Mora, P Tanaka, KA Moses, E TI Reproducibility of hohlraum-driven implosion symmetry on the National Ignition Facility SO IFSA 2011 - SEVENTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INERTIAL FUSION SCIENCES AND APPLICATIONS SE EPJ Web of Conferences LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Inertial Fusion Sciences and Applications CY SEP 12-16, 2011 CL Bordeaux, FRANCE SP Inst Lasers Plasmas ID LASER PERFORMANCE AB Indirectly driven Symcap capsules are used at the NIF to obtain information about ignition capsule implosion performance, in particular shape. Symcaps replace the cryogenic fuel layer with an equivalent ablator mass and can be similarly diagnosed. Symcaps are good symmetry surrogates to an ignition capsule after the peak of the drive, radiation-hydrodynamics simulations predict that doping of the symcaps vary the behavior of the implosion. We compare the equatorial shapes of a symcap doped with Si or Ge, as well as examine the reproducibility of the shape measurement using two symcaps with the same hohlraum and laser conditions. C1 [Kyrala, G. A.; Kline, J. L.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Bradley, D. K.; Callahan, D. A.; Dixit, S. N.; Edwards, M. J.; Glenn, S. M.; Glenzer, S. H.; Izumi, N.; Jones, O. S.; Landen, O. L.; Ma, T.; Milovich, J. L.; Meezan, N. B.; Spears, B. K.; Town, R. P. J.; Weber, S.; Benedetti, R.; Doeppner, T.; Ralph, J.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. [Kilkenny, J.] Gen Atom, San Diego, CA 92121 USA. RP Kyrala, GA (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI IZUMI, Nobuhiko/J-8487-2016; OI IZUMI, Nobuhiko/0000-0003-1114-597X; Kline, John/0000-0002-2271-9919 NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 7 PU E D P SCIENCES PI CEDEX A PA 17 AVE DU HOGGAR PARC D ACTIVITES COUTABOEUF BP 112, F-91944 CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 2100-014X BN 978-2-7598-1077-2 J9 EPJ WEB CONF PY 2013 VL 59 AR UNSP 02010 DI 10.1051/epjconf/20135902010 PG 5 WC Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BB2SZ UT WOS:000342286400023 ER PT S AU Landen, O Edwards, J Haan, SW Lindl, JD Boehly, TR Bradley, DK Callahan, DA Celliers, PM Dewald, EL Dixit, S Doeppner, T Eggert, J Farley, D Frenje, JA Glenn, S Glenzer, SH Hamza, A Hammel, BA Haynam, C LaFortune, K Hicks, DG Hoffman, N Izumi, N Jones, OS Kilkenny, JD Kline, JL Kyrala, GA Mackinnon, AJ Milovich, J Moody, J Meezan, N Michel, P Munro, DH Olson, RE Ralph, J Robey, HF Nikroo, A Regan, SP Spears, BK Suter, LJ Thomas, CA Town, R Wilson, DC MacGowan, BJ Atherton, LJ Moses, EI AF Landen, O. Edwards, J. Haan, S. W. Lindl, J. D. Boehly, T. R. Bradley, D. K. Callahan, D. A. Celliers, P. M. Dewald, E. L. Dixit, S. Doeppner, T. Eggert, J. Farley, D. Frenje, J. A. Glenn, S. Glenzer, S. H. Hamza, A. Hammel, B. A. Haynam, C. LaFortune, K. Hicks, D. G. Hoffman, N. Izumi, N. Jones, O. S. Kilkenny, J. D. Kline, J. L. Kyrala, G. A. Mackinnon, A. J. Milovich, J. Moody, J. Meezan, N. Michel, P. Munro, D. H. Olson, R. E. Ralph, J. Robey, H. F. Nikroo, A. Regan, S. P. Spears, B. K. Suter, L. J. Thomas, C. A. Town, R. Wilson, D. C. MacGowan, B. J. Atherton, L. J. Moses, E. I. BE Mora, P Tanaka, KA Moses, E TI Ignition tuning for the National Ignition Campaign SO IFSA 2011 - SEVENTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INERTIAL FUSION SCIENCES AND APPLICATIONS SE EPJ Web of Conferences LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Inertial Fusion Sciences and Applications CY SEP 12-16, 2011 CL Bordeaux, FRANCE SP Inst Lasers Plasmas AB The overall goal of the indirect-drive inertial confinement fusion [1] tuning campaigns [2] is to maximize the probability of ignition by experimentally correcting for likely residual uncertainties in the implosion and hohlraum physics [3] used in our radiation-hydrodynamic computational models, and by checking for and resolving unexpected shot-to-shot variability in performance [4]. This has been started successfully using a variety of surrogate capsules that set key laser, hohlraum and capsule parameters to maximize ignition capsule implosion velocity, while minimizing fuel adiabat, core shape asymmetry and ablator-fuel mix. C1 [Landen, O.; Edwards, J.; Haan, S. W.; Lindl, J. D.; Bradley, D. K.; Callahan, D. A.; Celliers, P. M.; Dewald, E. L.; Dixit, S.; Doeppner, T.; Eggert, J.; Farley, D.; Glenn, S.; Glenzer, S. H.; Hamza, A.; Hammel, B. A.; Haynam, C.; LaFortune, K.; Hicks, D. G.; Izumi, N.; Jones, O. S.; Mackinnon, A. J.; Milovich, J.; Moody, J.; Meezan, N.; Michel, P.; Munro, D. H.; Ralph, J.; Robey, H. F.; Spears, B. K.; Suter, L. J.; Thomas, C. A.; Town, R.; MacGowan, B. J.; Atherton, L. J.; Moses, E. I.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 5508, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Boehly, T. R.; Regan, S. P.] Laser Energet Lab, Rochester, NY USA. [Hoffman, N.; Kline, J. L.; Kyrala, G. A.; Wilson, D. C.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA. [Olson, R. E.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM USA. [Frenje, J. A.] MIT, Plasma Sci & Fus Ctr, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Kilkenny, J. D.; Nikroo, A.] Gen Atom, San Diego, CA USA. RP Landen, O (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 5508, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM landen1@llnl.gov RI Michel, Pierre/J-9947-2012; MacKinnon, Andrew/P-7239-2014; Hicks, Damien/B-5042-2015; IZUMI, Nobuhiko/J-8487-2016; OI MacKinnon, Andrew/0000-0002-4380-2906; Hicks, Damien/0000-0001-8322-9983; IZUMI, Nobuhiko/0000-0003-1114-597X; Kline, John/0000-0002-2271-9919 FU .S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344] FX This work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. NR 11 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU E D P SCIENCES PI CEDEX A PA 17 AVE DU HOGGAR PARC D ACTIVITES COUTABOEUF BP 112, F-91944 CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 2100-014X BN 978-2-7598-1077-2 J9 EPJ WEB CONF PY 2013 VL 59 AR UNSP 01003 DI 10.1051/epjconf/20135901003 PG 7 WC Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BB2SZ UT WOS:000342286400003 ER PT S AU Leeper, RJ Bleuel, DL Frenje, JA Eckart, MJ Hartouni, E Kilkenny, JD Casey, DT Chandler, GA Cooper, GW Glebov, VY Hagmann, C Johnson, MG Knauer, JP Knittel, KM Linden-Levy, LA Padalino, SJ Petrasso, RD Ruiz, CL Sangster, TC Seguin, FH AF Leeper, R. J. Bleuel, D. L. Frenje, J. A. Eckart, M. J. Hartouni, E. Kilkenny, J. D. Casey, D. T. Chandler, G. A. Cooper, G. W. Glebov, V. Yu Hagmann, C. Johnson, M. Gatu Knauer, J. P. Knittel, K. M. Linden-Levy, L. A. Padalino, S. J. Petrasso, R. D. Ruiz, C. L. Sangster, T. C. Seguin, F. H. BE Mora, P Tanaka, KA Moses, E TI Absolute measurement of the DT primary neutron yield on the National Ignition Facility SO IFSA 2011 - SEVENTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INERTIAL FUSION SCIENCES AND APPLICATIONS SE EPJ Web of Conferences LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Inertial Fusion Sciences and Applications CY SEP 12-16, 2011 CL Bordeaux, FRANCE SP Inst Lasers Plasmas AB The measurement of the absolute neutron yield produced in inertial confinement fusion target experiments conducted on the National Ignition Facility (NIF) is essential in benchmarking progress towards the goal of achieving ignition on this facility. This paper describes three independent diagnostic techniques that have been developed to make accurate and precise DT neutron yield measurements on the NIF. C1 [Leeper, R. J.; Chandler, G. A.; Ruiz, C. L.] Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Bleuel, D. L.; Eckart, M. J.; Hartouni, E.; Hagmann, C.; Knittel, K. M.; Linden-Levy, L. A.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Frenje, J. A.; Casey, D. T.; Johnson, M. Gatu; Petrasso, R. D.; Seguin, F. H.] MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Kilkenny, J. D.] Gen Atom, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. [Cooper, G. W.] Univ New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [Glebov, V. Yu; Knauer, J. P.; Sangster, T. C.] Univ Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. [Padalino, S. J.] SUNY Coll Geneseo, Geneseo, NY 14454 USA. RP Leeper, RJ (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM rjleepe@sandia.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy by Sandia; Los Alamos; Lawrence Livermore National Laboratories [DE-AC04-94AL85000, DE-AC52-06NA25396, DE-AC52-07NA27344] FX This work performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Sandia, Los Alamos, and Lawrence Livermore National Laboratories under contracts DE-AC04-94AL85000, DE-AC52-06NA25396 and DE-AC52- 07NA27344. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 5 PU E D P SCIENCES PI CEDEX A PA 17 AVE DU HOGGAR PARC D ACTIVITES COUTABOEUF BP 112, F-91944 CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 2100-014X BN 978-2-7598-1077-2 J9 EPJ WEB CONF PY 2013 VL 59 AR UNSP 13013 DI 10.1051/epjconf/20135913013 PG 4 WC Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BB2SZ UT WOS:000342286400131 ER PT S AU Loomis, E Braun, D Batha, SH Landen, OL AF Loomis, Eric Braun, Dave Batha, Steven H. Landen, Otto L. BE Mora, P Tanaka, KA Moses, E TI Bump evolution driven by the x-ray ablation Richtmyer-Meshkov effect in plastic inertial confinement fusion Ablators SO IFSA 2011 - SEVENTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INERTIAL FUSION SCIENCES AND APPLICATIONS SE EPJ Web of Conferences LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Inertial Fusion Sciences and Applications CY SEP 12-16, 2011 CL Bordeaux, FRANCE SP Inst Lasers Plasmas AB Growth of hydrodynamic instabilities at the interfaces of inertial confinement fusion capsules (ICF) due to ablator and fuel non-uniformities are a primary concern for the ICF program. Recently, observed jetting and parasitic mix into the fuel were attributed to isolated defects on the outer surface of the capsule. Strategies for mitigation of these defects exist, however, they require reduced uncertainties in Equation of State (EOS) models prior to invoking them. In light of this, we have begun a campaign to measure the growth of isolated defects (bumps) due to x-ray ablation Richtmyer-Meshkov in plastic ablators to validate these models. Experiments used hohlraums with radiation temperatures near 70 eV driven by 15 beams from the Omega laser (Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, NY), which sent a similar to 1.25 Mbar shock into a planar CH target placed over one laser entrance hole. Targets consisted of 2-D arrays of quasi-gaussian bumps (10 microns tall, 34 microns FWHM) deposited on the surface facing into the hohlraum. On-axis radiography with a saran (Cl He-alpha - 2.76 keV) backlighter was used to measure bump evolution prior to shock breakout. Shock speed measurements were also performed to determine target conditions. Simulations using the LEOS 5310 and SESAME 7592 models required the simulated laser power be turned down to 80 and 88%, respectively to match observed shock speeds. Both LEOS 5310 and SESAME 7592 simulations agreed with measured bump areal densities out to 6 ns where ablative RM oscillations were observed in previous laser-driven experiments, but did not occur in the x-ray driven case. The QEOS model, conversely, over predicted shock speeds and under predicted areal density in the bump. C1 [Loomis, Eric; Batha, Steven H.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. [Braun, Dave; Landen, Otto L.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Loomis, E (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. EM loomis@lanl.gov NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU E D P SCIENCES PI CEDEX A PA 17 AVE DU HOGGAR PARC D ACTIVITES COUTABOEUF BP 112, F-91944 CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 2100-014X BN 978-2-7598-1077-2 J9 EPJ WEB CONF PY 2013 VL 59 AR UNSP 04003 DI 10.1051/epjconf/20135904003 PG 5 WC Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BB2SZ UT WOS:000342286400051 ER PT S AU Marinak, MM Kerbel, GD Koning, JM Patel, MV Sepke, SM McKinley, MS O'Brien, MJ Procassini, RJ Munro, D AF Marinak, M. M. Kerbel, G. D. Koning, J. M. Patel, M. V. Sepke, S. M. McKinley, M. S. O'Brien, M. J. Procassini, R. J. Munro, D. BE Mora, P Tanaka, KA Moses, E TI Advances in HYDRA and its applications to simulations of inertial confinement fusion targets SO IFSA 2011 - SEVENTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INERTIAL FUSION SCIENCES AND APPLICATIONS SE EPJ Web of Conferences LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Inertial Fusion Sciences and Applications CY SEP 12-16, 2011 CL Bordeaux, FRANCE SP Inst Lasers Plasmas ID RAYLEIGH-TAYLOR INSTABILITY; 3 DIMENSIONS; EVOLUTION AB A new set of capabilities has been implemented in the HYDRA 2D/3D multiphysics inertial confinement fusion simulation code. These include a Monte Carlo particle transport library. It models transport of neutrons, gamma rays and light ions, as well as products they generate from nuclear and coulomb collisions. It allows accurate simulations of nuclear diagnostic signatures from capsule implosions. We apply it to here in a 3D simulation of a National Ignition Facility (NIF) ignition capsule which models the full capsule solid angle. This simulation contains a severely rough ablator perturbation and provides diagnostics signatures of capsule failure due to excessive instability growth. C1 [Marinak, M. M.; Kerbel, G. D.; Koning, J. M.; Patel, M. V.; Sepke, S. M.; McKinley, M. S.; O'Brien, M. J.; Procassini, R. J.; Munro, D.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Marinak, MM (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. OI Patel, Mehul/0000-0002-0486-010X NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 4 PU E D P SCIENCES PI CEDEX A PA 17 AVE DU HOGGAR PARC D ACTIVITES COUTABOEUF BP 112, F-91944 CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 2100-014X BN 978-2-7598-1077-2 J9 EPJ WEB CONF PY 2013 VL 59 AR 06001 DI 10.1051/epjconf/20135906001 PG 4 WC Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BB2SZ UT WOS:000342286400080 ER PT S AU McCrory, RL Meyerhofer, DD Betti, R Boehly, TR Collins, TJB Craxton, RS Delettrez, JA Edgell, DH Epstein, R Froula, DH Glebov, VY Goncharov, VN Harding, DR Hu, SX Igumenshchev, IV Knauer, JP Loucks, SJ Marozas, JA Marshall, FJ McKenty, PW Michel, T Nilson, PM Radha, PB Regan, SP Sangster, TC Seka, W Shmayda, WT Short, RW Shvarts, D Skupsky, S Soures, JM Stoeckl, C Theobald, W Yaakobi, B Frenje, JA Casey, DT Li, CK Petrasso, RD Seguin, FH Padalino, SJ Fletcher, KA Celliers, PM Collins, GW Robey, HF AF McCrory, R. L. Meyerhofer, D. D. Betti, R. Boehly, T. R. Collins, T. J. B. Craxton, R. S. Delettrez, J. A. Edgell, D. H. Epstein, R. Froula, D. H. Glebov, V. Yu Goncharov, V. N. Harding, D. R. Hu, S. X. Igumenshchev, I. V. Knauer, J. P. Loucks, S. J. Marozas, J. A. Marshall, F. J. McKenty, P. W. Michel, T. Nilson, P. M. Radha, P. B. Regan, S. P. Sangster, T. C. Seka, W. Shmayda, W. T. Short, R. W. Shvarts, D. Skupsky, S. Soures, J. M. Stoeckl, C. Theobald, W. Yaakobi, B. Frenje, J. A. Casey, D. T. Li, C. K. Petrasso, R. D. Seguin, F. H. Padalino, S. J. Fletcher, K. A. Celliers, P. M. Collins, G. W. Robey, H. F. BE Mora, P Tanaka, KA Moses, E TI Progress in direct-drive inertial confinement fusion SO IFSA 2011 - SEVENTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INERTIAL FUSION SCIENCES AND APPLICATIONS SE EPJ Web of Conferences LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Inertial Fusion Sciences and Applications CY SEP 12-16, 2011 CL Bordeaux, FRANCE SP Inst Lasers Plasmas ID NATIONAL-IGNITION-FACILITY; POLAR-DIRECT-DRIVE; OMEGA AB Significant progress has been made in direct-drive inertial confinement fusion research at the Laboratory for Laser Energetics since the 2009 IFSA Conference [R. L. McCrory et al., J. Phys.: Conf. Ser. 244, 012004 (2010)]. Areal densities of 300 mg/cm(2) have been measured in cryogenic target implosions with neutron yields 15% of 1-D predictions. A model of crossed-beam energy transfer has been developed to explain the observed scattered-light spectrum and laser-target coupling. Experiments show that its impact can be mitigated by changing the ratio of the laser beam to target diameter. Progress continues in the development of the polar-drive concept that will allow direct-drive-ignition experiments to be conducted on the National Ignition Facility using the indirect-drive-beam layout. C1 [McCrory, R. L.; Meyerhofer, D. D.; Betti, R.; Boehly, T. R.; Collins, T. J. B.; Craxton, R. S.; Delettrez, J. A.; Edgell, D. H.; Epstein, R.; Froula, D. H.; Glebov, V. Yu; Goncharov, V. N.; Harding, D. R.; Hu, S. X.; Igumenshchev, I. V.; Knauer, J. P.; Loucks, S. J.; Marozas, J. A.; Marshall, F. J.; McKenty, P. W.; Michel, T.; Nilson, P. M.; Radha, P. B.; Regan, S. P.; Sangster, T. C.; Seka, W.; Shmayda, W. T.; Short, R. W.; Shvarts, D.; Skupsky, S.; Soures, J. M.; Stoeckl, C.; Theobald, W.; Yaakobi, B.] Univ Rochester, Laser Energet Lab, 250 East River Rd, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. [McCrory, R. L.; Meyerhofer, D. D.; Betti, R.] Univ Rochester, Dept Mech Engn & Phys, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. [Shvarts, D.] Nucl Res Ctr, Negev, Israel. [Casey, D. T.; Li, C. K.; Petrasso, R. D.; Seguin, F. H.] MIT, Plasma Sci & Fus Ctr, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Padalino, S. J.; Fletcher, K. A.] SUNY Coll Geneseo, Geneseo, NY USA. [Celliers, P. M.; Collins, G. W.; Robey, H. F.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. RP McCrory, RL (reprint author), Univ Rochester, Laser Energet Lab, 250 East River Rd, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. EM rmcc@lle.rochester.edu FU U.S. Department of Energy Office of Inertial Confinement Fusion [DE-FC52-92SF19460]; University of Rochester; New York State Energy Research and Development Authority; DOE FX This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Inertial Confinement Fusion under Cooperative Agreement No. DE-FC52-92SF19460, the University of Rochester, and the New York State Energy Research and Development Authority. The support of the DOE does not constitute an endorsement by the DOE of the views expressed in this article. NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 4 PU E D P SCIENCES PI CEDEX A PA 17 AVE DU HOGGAR PARC D ACTIVITES COUTABOEUF BP 112, F-91944 CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 2100-014X BN 978-2-7598-1077-2 J9 EPJ WEB CONF PY 2013 VL 59 DI 10.1051/epjconf/20135901004 PG 7 WC Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BB2SZ UT WOS:000342286400004 ER PT S AU McKenty, PW Collins, TJB Marozas, JA Kessler, TJ Zuegel, JD Shoup, MJ Craxton, RS Marshall, FJ Shvydky, A Skupsky, S Goncharov, VN Radha, PB Epstein, R Sangster, TC Meyerhofer, DD McCrory, RL Kilkenny, JD Nikroo, A Hoppe, ML MacKinnon, AJ LePape, S Marinak, MM Schmitt, MJ Bradley, PA Krasheninnikova, NS Magelssen, GR Murphy, TJ AF McKenty, P. W. Collins, T. J. B. Marozas, J. A. Kessler, T. J. Zuegel, J. D. Shoup, M. J. Craxton, R. S. Marshall, F. J. Shvydky, A. Skupsky, S. Goncharov, V. N. Radha, P. B. Epstein, R. Sangster, T. C. Meyerhofer, D. D. McCrory, R. L. Kilkenny, J. D. Nikroo, A. Hoppe, M. L. MacKinnon, A. J. LePape, S. Marinak, M. M. Schmitt, M. J. Bradley, P. A. Krasheninnikova, N. S. Magelssen, G. R. Murphy, T. J. BE Mora, P Tanaka, KA Moses, E TI Preparing for polar-drive ignition on the National Ignition Facility SO IFSA 2011 - SEVENTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INERTIAL FUSION SCIENCES AND APPLICATIONS SE EPJ Web of Conferences LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Inertial Fusion Sciences and Applications CY SEP 12-16, 2011 CL Bordeaux, FRANCE SP Inst Lasers Plasmas ID FUSION AB The implementation of polar drive (PD) at the National Ignition Facility (NIF) will enable the execution of direct-drive implosions while the facility is configured for x-ray drive. The Laboratory for Laser Energetics (LLE), in collaboration with LLNL, LANL and GA, is implementing PD on the NIF. LLE has designed and participates in the use of PD implosions for diagnostic commissioning on the NIF. LLE has an active experimental campaign to develop PD in both warm and cryogenic target experiments on OMEGA. LLE and its partners are developing a Polar Drive Project Execution Plan, which will provide a detailed outline of the requirements, resources, and timetable leading to PD-ignition experiments on the NIF. C1 [McKenty, P. W.; Collins, T. J. B.; Marozas, J. A.; Kessler, T. J.; Zuegel, J. D.; Shoup, M. J.; Craxton, R. S.; Marshall, F. J.; Shvydky, A.; Skupsky, S.; Goncharov, V. N.; Radha, P. B.; Epstein, R.; Sangster, T. C.; Meyerhofer, D. D.; McCrory, R. L.] Univ Rochester, Laser Energet Lab, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. [Meyerhofer, D. D.; McCrory, R. L.] Univ Rochester, Dept Mech Engn, Rochester, NY USA. [Meyerhofer, D. D.; McCrory, R. L.] Univ Rochester, Dept Phys & Astron, Rochester, NY USA. [Kilkenny, J. D.; Nikroo, A.; Hoppe, M. L.] Gen Atom, San Diego, CA USA. [MacKinnon, A. J.; LePape, S.; Marinak, M. M.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. [Schmitt, M. J.; Bradley, P. A.; Krasheninnikova, N. S.; Magelssen, G. R.; Murphy, T. J.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA. RP McKenty, PW (reprint author), Univ Rochester, Laser Energet Lab, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. EM pmck@lle.rochester.edu RI MacKinnon, Andrew/P-7239-2014; Murphy, Thomas/F-3101-2014; OI MacKinnon, Andrew/0000-0002-4380-2906; Murphy, Thomas/0000-0002-6137-9873; Schmitt, Mark/0000-0002-0197-9180; Bradley, Paul/0000-0001-6229-6677 NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 5 PU E D P SCIENCES PI CEDEX A PA 17 AVE DU HOGGAR PARC D ACTIVITES COUTABOEUF BP 112, F-91944 CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 2100-014X BN 978-2-7598-1077-2 J9 EPJ WEB CONF PY 2013 VL 59 AR UNSP 02014 DI 10.1051/epjconf/20135902014 PG 4 WC Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BB2SZ UT WOS:000342286400027 ER PT S AU Meezan, NB Hicks, DG Callahan, DA Olson, RE Schneider, MS Thomas, CA Robey, HF Celliers, PM Kline, JL Dixit, SN Michel, PA Jones, OS Clark, DS Ralph, JE Doppner, T MacKinnon, AJ Haan, SW Landen, OL Glenzer, SH Suter, LJ Edwards, MJ MacGowan, BJ Lindl, JD Atherton, LJ AF Meezan, Nathan B. Hicks, Damien G. Callahan, Debra A. Olson, Richard E. Schneider, Marilyn S. Thomas, Cliff A. Robey, Harry F. Celliers, Peter M. Kline, John L. Dixit, Shamasundar N. Michel, Pierre A. Jones, Ogden S. Clark, Daniel S. Ralph, Joseph E. Doeppner, Tilo MacKinnon, Andrew J. Haan, Steven W. Landen, Otto L. Glenzer, Siegfried H. Suter, Laurence J. Edwards, Michael J. MacGowan, Brian J. Lindl, John D. Atherton, Lawrence J. BE Mora, P Tanaka, KA Moses, E TI Hohlraum designs for high velocity implosions on NIF SO IFSA 2011 - SEVENTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INERTIAL FUSION SCIENCES AND APPLICATIONS SE EPJ Web of Conferences LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Inertial Fusion Sciences and Applications CY SEP 12-16, 2011 CL Bordeaux, FRANCE SP Inst Lasers Plasmas ID NATIONAL-IGNITION-FACILITY AB In this paper, we compare experimental shock and capsule trajectories to design calculations using the radiation-hydrodynamics code hydra. The measured trajectories from surrogate ignition targets are consistent with reducing the x-ray flux on the capsule by about 85%. A new method of extracting the radiation temperature from x-ray data shows that about half of the apparent 15% flux deficit in the data with respect to the simulations can be explained by hydra overestimating the x-ray flux on the capsule. C1 [Meezan, Nathan B.; Hicks, Damien G.; Callahan, Debra A.; Schneider, Marilyn S.; Thomas, Cliff A.; Robey, Harry F.; Celliers, Peter M.; Dixit, Shamasundar N.; Michel, Pierre A.; Jones, Ogden S.; Clark, Daniel S.; Ralph, Joseph E.; Doeppner, Tilo; MacKinnon, Andrew J.; Haan, Steven W.; Landen, Otto L.; Glenzer, Siegfried H.; Suter, Laurence J.; Edwards, Michael J.; MacGowan, Brian J.; Lindl, John D.; Atherton, Lawrence J.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Olson, Richard E.] Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Kline, John L.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Meezan, NB (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM meezan1@llnl.gov RI Michel, Pierre/J-9947-2012; Hicks, Damien/B-5042-2015; MacKinnon, Andrew/P-7239-2014; OI Hicks, Damien/0000-0001-8322-9983; MacKinnon, Andrew/0000-0002-4380-2906; Kline, John/0000-0002-2271-9919 NR 9 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU E D P SCIENCES PI CEDEX A PA 17 AVE DU HOGGAR PARC D ACTIVITES COUTABOEUF BP 112, F-91944 CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 2100-014X BN 978-2-7598-1077-2 J9 EPJ WEB CONF PY 2013 VL 59 AR UNSP 02002 DI 10.1051/epjconf/20135902002 PG 5 WC Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BB2SZ UT WOS:000342286400015 ER PT S AU Moses, EI Storm, E AF Moses, E. I. Storm, E. BE Mora, P Tanaka, KA Moses, E TI The NIF: An international high energy density science and inertial fusion user facility SO IFSA 2011 - SEVENTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INERTIAL FUSION SCIENCES AND APPLICATIONS SE EPJ Web of Conferences LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Inertial Fusion Sciences and Applications CY SEP 12-16, 2011 CL Bordeaux, FRANCE SP Inst Lasers Plasmas AB The National Ignition Facility (NIF), a 1.8-MJ/500-TW Nd: Glass laser facility designed to study inertial confinement fusion (ICF) and high-energy-density science (HEDS), is operational at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL). A primary goal of NIF is to create the conditions necessary to demonstrate laboratory-scale thermonuclear ignition and burn. NIF experiments in support of indirect-drive ignition began late in FY2009 as part of the National Ignition Campaign (NIC), an international effort to achieve fusion ignition in the laboratory. To date, all of the capabilities to conduct implosion experiments are in place with the goal of demonstrating ignition and developing a predictable fusion experimental platform in 2012. The results from experiments completed are encouraging for the near-term achievement of ignition. Capsule implosion experiments at energies up to 1.6 MJ have demonstrated laser energetics, radiation temperatures, and symmetry control that scale to ignition conditions. Of particular importance is the demonstration of peak hohlraum temperatures near 300 eV with overall backscatter less than 15%. Important national security and basic science experiments have also been conducted on NIF. Successful demonstration of ignition and net energy gain on NIF will be a major step towards demonstrating the feasibility of laser-driven Inertial Fusion Energy (IFE). This paper will describe the results achieved so far on the path toward ignition, the beginning of fundamental science experiments and the plans to transition NIF to an international user facility providing access to HEDS and fusion energy researchers around the world. C1 [Moses, E. I.; Storm, E.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Moses, EI (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, 7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM moses1@llnl.gov; storm1@llnl.gov NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU E D P SCIENCES PI CEDEX A PA 17 AVE DU HOGGAR PARC D ACTIVITES COUTABOEUF BP 112, F-91944 CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 2100-014X BN 978-2-7598-1077-2 J9 EPJ WEB CONF PY 2013 VL 59 AR 01002 DI 10.1051/epjconf/20135901002 PG 7 WC Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BB2SZ UT WOS:000342286400002 ER PT S AU Obrey, K Schmidt, D Hamilton, C Capelli, D Williams, J Randolph, R Fierro, F Hatch, D Havrilla, G Patterson, B AF Obrey, K. Schmidt, D. Hamilton, C. Capelli, D. Williams, J. Randolph, R. Fierro, F. Hatch, D. Havrilla, G. Patterson, B. BE Mora, P Tanaka, KA Moses, E TI Advances in target design and fabrication for experiments on NIF SO IFSA 2011 - SEVENTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INERTIAL FUSION SCIENCES AND APPLICATIONS SE EPJ Web of Conferences LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Inertial Fusion Sciences and Applications CY SEP 12-16, 2011 CL Bordeaux, FRANCE SP Inst Lasers Plasmas AB The ability to build target platforms for National Ignition Facility (NIF) is a key feature in LANL's (Los Alamos National Laboratory) Target Fabrication Program. We recently built and manufactured the first LANL targets to be fielded on NIF in March 2011. Experiments on NIF require precision component manufacturing and accurate knowledge of the materials used in the targets. The characterization of foams and aerogels, the Be ignition capsule, and machining unique components are of main material focus. One important characterization metric the physics' have determined is that the knowledge of density gradients in foams is important. We are making strides in not only locating these density gradients in aerogels and foams as a result of how they are manufactured and machined but also quantifying the density within the foam using 3D confocal micro x-ray fluorescence (mu XRF) imaging and 3D x-ray computed tomography (CT) imaging. In addition, collaborative efforts between General Atomics (GA) and LANL in the characterization of the NIF Ignition beryllium capsule have shown that the copper in the capsule migrates radially from the capsule center. C1 [Obrey, K.; Schmidt, D.; Hamilton, C.; Capelli, D.; Williams, J.; Randolph, R.; Fierro, F.; Hatch, D.; Patterson, B.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. [Havrilla, G.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Chem, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. RP Obrey, K (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. EM defriend@lanl.gov OI Hamilton, Christopher/0000-0002-1605-5992; Havrilla, George/0000-0003-2052-7152; Patterson, Brian/0000-0001-9244-7376 NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 4 PU E D P SCIENCES PI CEDEX A PA 17 AVE DU HOGGAR PARC D ACTIVITES COUTABOEUF BP 112, F-91944 CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 2100-014X BN 978-2-7598-1077-2 J9 EPJ WEB CONF PY 2013 VL 59 AR UNSP 12001 DI 10.1051/epjconf/20135912001 PG 4 WC Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BB2SZ UT WOS:000342286400117 ER PT S AU Olson, RE Hicks, DG Meezan, NB Callahan, DA Landen, OL Jones, OS Langer, SH Kline, JL Wilson, DC Rinderknecht, H Zylstra, A Petrasso, RD AF Olson, R. E. Hicks, D. G. Meezan, N. B. Callahan, D. A. Landen, O. L. Jones, O. S. Langer, S. H. Kline, J. L. Wilson, D. C. Rinderknecht, H. Zylstra, A. Petrasso, R. D. BE Mora, P Tanaka, KA Moses, E TI Design calculations for NIF convergent ablator experiments SO IFSA 2011 - SEVENTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INERTIAL FUSION SCIENCES AND APPLICATIONS SE EPJ Web of Conferences LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Inertial Fusion Sciences and Applications CY SEP 12-16, 2011 CL Bordeaux, FRANCE SP Inst Lasers Plasmas AB The NIF convergent ablation tuning effort is underway. In the early experiments, we have discovered that the design code simulations over-predict the capsule implosion velocity and shock flash rho r, but under-predict the hohlraum x-ray flux measurements. The apparent inconsistency between the x-ray flux and radiography data implies that there are important unexplained aspects of the hohlraum and/or capsule behavior. C1 [Olson, R. E.] Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Hicks, D. G.; Meezan, N. B.; Callahan, D. A.; Landen, O. L.; Jones, O. S.; Langer, S. H.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. [Kline, J. L.; Wilson, D. C.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Rinderknecht, H.; Zylstra, A.; Petrasso, R. D.] MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. RP Olson, RE (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. OI Kline, John/0000-0002-2271-9919; /0000-0003-4969-5571 NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 5 PU E D P SCIENCES PI CEDEX A PA 17 AVE DU HOGGAR PARC D ACTIVITES COUTABOEUF BP 112, F-91944 CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 2100-014X BN 978-2-7598-1077-2 J9 EPJ WEB CONF PY 2013 VL 59 AR UNSP 02008 DI 10.1051/epjconf/20135902008 PG 4 WC Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BB2SZ UT WOS:000342286400021 ER PT S AU Primout, M Girard, F Villette, B Stemmler, P Brebion, D Nishimura, H Matsuoka, Y Yamamoto, N Marrs, R Kay, J Fournier, KB AF Primout, M. Girard, F. Villette, B. Stemmler, Ph Brebion, D. Nishimura, H. Matsuoka, Y. Yamamoto, N. Marrs, R. Kay, J. Fournier, K. B. BE Mora, P Tanaka, KA Moses, E TI Multi-keV x-ray sources from HYBRID targets on GEKKO and OMEGA facilities SO IFSA 2011 - SEVENTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INERTIAL FUSION SCIENCES AND APPLICATIONS SE EPJ Web of Conferences LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Inertial Fusion Sciences and Applications CY SEP 12-16, 2011 CL Bordeaux, FRANCE SP Inst Lasers Plasmas AB The feasibility of efficient X-ray sources for radiography on the LMJ (Laser MegaJoule) in the multi-kJ/ns range was demonstrated on the OMEGA laser facility (Univ. Rochester) from 2002 to 2004 [1, 2]. We significantly enhanced the conversion efficiency of titanium (4-6 keV), copper (8-10 keV) and germanium (9-13 keV) foils by using an optimized pre-pulse/pulse combination. Since higher X-ray energy and therefore electronic temperature need hydroconfinement, plastic cylindrical hohlraums internally coated with titanium, copper and germanium with various OMEGA beam configurations were successfully tested from 2005 to 2009 [3-5]. In addition, many shots with metal-doped aerogel (Ti, Fe, Ge) were tested on OMEGA [6]. Recently we tested a new concept of "HYBRID sources" based on the combination of a thin titanium foil at the exit hole of a plastic cylinder filled with very low density SiO2 aerogel (2 and 5 mg/cc). The benefit of the underdense medium is, first, to transport the laser energy to the titanium foil after its conversion into a supersonic ionization front and, second, to prevent foil expansion and excessive kinetic energy losses by longitudinal hydroconfinement. C1 [Primout, M.; Girard, F.; Villette, B.; Stemmler, Ph; Brebion, D.] CEA, DAM, DIF, F-91297 Arpajon, France. [Nishimura, H.; Matsuoka, Y.; Yamamoto, N.] Osaka Univ, Inst Laser Engn, Osaka 5650871, Japan. [Marrs, R.; Kay, J.; Fournier, K. B.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Primout, M (reprint author), CEA, DAM, DIF, F-91297 Arpajon, France. EM michel.primout@cea.fr RI Nishimura, Hiroaki/I-4908-2015 NR 9 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 7 PU E D P SCIENCES PI CEDEX A PA 17 AVE DU HOGGAR PARC D ACTIVITES COUTABOEUF BP 112, F-91944 CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 2100-014X BN 978-2-7598-1077-2 J9 EPJ WEB CONF PY 2013 VL 59 AR UNSP 18001 DI 10.1051/epjconf/20135918001 PG 4 WC Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BB2SZ UT WOS:000342286400175 ER PT S AU Remington, BA AF Remington, Bruce A. BE Mora, P Tanaka, KA Moses, E TI Experiments in ICF, materials science, and astrophysics SO IFSA 2011 - SEVENTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INERTIAL FUSION SCIENCES AND APPLICATIONS SE EPJ Web of Conferences LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Inertial Fusion Sciences and Applications CY SEP 12-16, 2011 CL Bordeaux, FRANCE SP Inst Lasers Plasmas ID RAYLEIGH-TAYLOR INSTABILITY; DRIVEN CYLINDRICAL IMPLOSIONS; CORE COLLAPSE SUPERNOVAE; NOVA LASER; EXTREME CONDITIONS; PHYSICS BASIS; SINGLE-MODE; STRAIN-RATE; EVOLUTION; HYDRODYNAMICS AB We have been developing HED experiments on high power ICF lasers over the past two decades that span (1) the radiative hydrodynamics of ICF capsule physics; (2) the high pressure, high strain rate, solid-state dynamics relevant to novel concepts for ICF and hypervelocity impacts in space and on Earth; and (3) the shock driven turbulence of exploding stars (supernovae). These different regimes are separated by many orders of magnitude in length, time, and temperature, yet there are common threads that run through all of these phenomena, such as the occurrence of hydrodynamic instabilities. Examples from each of these three seemingly very disparate regimes are given, and the common theme of hydrodynamic instability evolution is explored. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, NIF Directorate, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Remington, BA (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, NIF Directorate, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 47 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU E D P SCIENCES PI CEDEX A PA 17 AVE DU HOGGAR PARC D ACTIVITES COUTABOEUF BP 112, F-91944 CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 2100-014X BN 978-2-7598-1077-2 J9 EPJ WEB CONF PY 2013 VL 59 AR 01013 DI 10.1051/epjconf/20135901013 PG 8 WC Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BB2SZ UT WOS:000342286400013 ER PT S AU Reyes, S Babineau, D Davis, R Taylor, C Anklam, T Dunne, M Flowers, D Gentile, C Latkowski, J Maroni, V Martinez-Frias, J Miles, R Willms, S AF Reyes, S. Babineau, D. Davis, R. Taylor, C. Anklam, T. Dunne, M. Flowers, D. Gentile, C. Latkowski, J. Maroni, V. Martinez-Frias, J. Miles, R. Willms, S. BE Mora, P Tanaka, KA Moses, E TI Overview of the LIFE fuel cycle SO IFSA 2011 - SEVENTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INERTIAL FUSION SCIENCES AND APPLICATIONS SE EPJ Web of Conferences LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Inertial Fusion Sciences and Applications CY SEP 12-16, 2011 CL Bordeaux, FRANCE SP Inst Lasers Plasmas ID HYDROGEN ISOTOPE-SEPARATION; FUSION ENERGY LIFE AB The Laser Inertial Fusion Energy (LIFE) engine is a laser-driven inertial fusion energy system being developed with the goal to deliver fusion power in the next decade. A pre-conceptual design is being developed for the LIFE fuel cycle, with the purpose of maximizing the potential safety advantages of fusion energy. Some key features of the LIFE fuel cycle include a high tritium fuel burn-up fraction, a relatively high tritium breeding ratio, low tritium permeation from the coolant/breeder, and limited tritium inventories throughout the facility. The present paper offers an overview the pre-conceptual design of the LIFE fuel cycle, including a summary of the development plan for the delivery of the related tritium processing equipment. C1 [Reyes, S.; Anklam, T.; Dunne, M.; Flowers, D.; Latkowski, J.; Martinez-Frias, J.; Miles, R.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Babineau, D.; Davis, R.] Savannah River Natl Lab, Aiken, SC USA. [Taylor, C.; Willms, S.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA. [Gentile, C.] Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. [Maroni, V.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Reyes, S (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM reyes20@llnl.gov RI Dunne, Mike/B-4318-2014 OI Dunne, Mike/0000-0001-8740-3870 FU U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344] FX This work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU E D P SCIENCES PI CEDEX A PA 17 AVE DU HOGGAR PARC D ACTIVITES COUTABOEUF BP 112, F-91944 CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 2100-014X BN 978-2-7598-1077-2 J9 EPJ WEB CONF PY 2013 VL 59 AR UNSP 11002 DI 10.1051/epjconf/20135911002 PG 5 WC Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BB2SZ UT WOS:000342286400113 ER PT S AU Robey, HF Celliers, PM Kline, JL Mackinnon, AJ Boehly, TR Landen, OL Eggert, JH Hicks, D Le Pape, S Farley, DR Bowers, MW Krauter, KG Munro, DH Jones, OS Milovich, JL Clark, D Spears, BK Town, RPJ Haan, SW Dixit, S Schneider, MB Dewald, EL Widmann, K Moody, JD Doppner, T Radousky, HB Nikroo, A Kroll, JJ Hamza, AV Horner, JB Bhandarkar, SD Dzenitis, E Alger, E Giraldez, E Castro, C Moreno, K Haynam, C LaFortune, KN Widmayer, C Shaw, M Jancaitis, K Parham, T Holunga, DM Walters, CF Haid, B Malsbury, T Trummer, D Coffee, KR Burr, B Berzins, LV Choate, C Brereton, SJ Azevedo, S Chandrasekaran, H Glenzer, S Caggiano, JA Knauer, JP Frenje, JA Casey, DT Johnson, MG Seguin, FH Young, BK Edwards, MJ Van Wonterghem, BM Kilkenny, J MacGowan, BJ Atherton, LJ Lindl, JD Meyerhofer, DD Moses, E AF Robey, H. F. Celliers, P. M. Kline, J. L. Mackinnon, A. J. Boehly, T. R. Landen, O. L. Eggert, J. H. Hicks, D. Le Pape, S. Farley, D. R. Bowers, M. W. Krauter, K. G. Munro, D. H. Jones, O. S. Milovich, J. L. Clark, D. Spears, B. K. Town, R. P. J. Haan, S. W. Dixit, S. Schneider, M. B. Dewald, E. L. Widmann, K. Moody, J. D. Doeppner, T. Radousky, H. B. Nikroo, A. Kroll, J. J. Hamza, A. V. Horner, J. B. Bhandarkar, S. D. Dzenitis, E. Alger, E. Giraldez, E. Castro, C. Moreno, K. Haynam, C. LaFortune, K. N. Widmayer, C. Shaw, M. Jancaitis, K. Parham, T. Holunga, D. M. Walters, C. F. Haid, B. Malsbury, T. Trummer, D. Coffee, K. R. Burr, B. Berzins, L. V. Choate, C. Brereton, S. J. Azevedo, S. Chandrasekaran, H. Glenzer, S. Caggiano, J. A. Knauer, J. P. Frenje, J. A. Casey, D. T. Johnson, M. Gatu Seguin, F. H. Young, B. K. Edwards, M. J. Van Wonterghem, B. M. Kilkenny, J. MacGowan, B. J. Atherton, L. J. Lindl, J. D. Meyerhofer, D. D. Moses, E. BE Mora, P Tanaka, KA Moses, E TI Shock timing on the National Ignition Facility: The first precision tuning series SO IFSA 2011 - SEVENTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INERTIAL FUSION SCIENCES AND APPLICATIONS SE EPJ Web of Conferences LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Inertial Fusion Sciences and Applications CY SEP 12-16, 2011 CL Bordeaux, FRANCE SP Inst Lasers Plasmas AB Ignition implosions on the National Ignition Facility (NIF) [Lindl et al., Phys. Plasmas 11, 339 (2004)] are driven with a very carefully tailored sequence of four shock waves that must be timed to very high precision in order to keep the fuel on a low adiabat. The first series of precision tuning experiments on NIF have been performed. These experiments use optical diagnostics to directly measure the strength and timing of all four shocks inside the hohlraum-driven, cryogenic deuterium-filled capsule interior. The results of these experiments are presented demonstrating a significant decrease in the fuel adiabat over previously un-tuned implosions. The impact of the improved adiabat on fuel compression is confirmed in related deuterium-tritium (DT) layered capsule implosions by measurement of fuel areal density (rho R), which show the highest fuel compression (rho R similar to 1.0 g/cm(2)) measured to date. C1 [Robey, H. F.; Celliers, P. M.; Mackinnon, A. J.; Landen, O. L.; Eggert, J. H.; Hicks, D.; Le Pape, S.; Farley, D. R.; Bowers, M. W.; Krauter, K. G.; Munro, D. H.; Jones, O. S.; Milovich, J. L.; Clark, D.; Spears, B. K.; Town, R. P. J.; Haan, S. W.; Dixit, S.; Schneider, M. B.; Dewald, E. L.; Widmann, K.; Moody, J. D.; Doeppner, T.; Radousky, H. B.; Kroll, J. J.; Hamza, A. V.; Horner, J. B.; Bhandarkar, S. D.; Dzenitis, E.; Castro, C.; Haynam, C.; LaFortune, K. N.; Widmayer, C.; Shaw, M.; Jancaitis, K.; Parham, T.; Holunga, D. M.; Walters, C. F.; Haid, B.; Malsbury, T.; Trummer, D.; Coffee, K. R.; Burr, B.; Berzins, L. V.; Choate, C.; Brereton, S. J.; Azevedo, S.; Chandrasekaran, H.; Glenzer, S.; Caggiano, J. A.; Young, B. K.; Edwards, M. J.; Van Wonterghem, B. M.; Kilkenny, J.; MacGowan, B. J.; Atherton, L. J.; Lindl, J. D.; Moses, E.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Kline, J. L.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Boehly, T. R.; Knauer, J. P.; Meyerhofer, D. D.] Univ Rochester, Laser Energet Lab, Rochester, NY 14423 USA. [Alger, E.; Giraldez, E.; Moreno, K.] Gen Atom Co, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. [Frenje, J. A.; Casey, D. T.; Johnson, M. Gatu; Seguin, F. H.] MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. RP Robey, HF (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM robey1@llnl.gov RI MacKinnon, Andrew/P-7239-2014; Hicks, Damien/B-5042-2015; OI MacKinnon, Andrew/0000-0002-4380-2906; Hicks, Damien/0000-0001-8322-9983; Kline, John/0000-0002-2271-9919 NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU E D P SCIENCES PI CEDEX A PA 17 AVE DU HOGGAR PARC D ACTIVITES COUTABOEUF BP 112, F-91944 CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 2100-014X BN 978-2-7598-1077-2 J9 EPJ WEB CONF PY 2013 VL 59 AR UNSP 02005 DI 10.1051/epjconf/20135902005 PG 5 WC Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BB2SZ UT WOS:000342286400018 ER PT S AU Rousseau, A Darbon, S Troussel, P Caillaud, T Bourgade, JL Turk, G Vigne, E Hamel, M Larour, J Bradley, D Smalyuk, V Bell, P AF Rousseau, A. Darbon, S. Troussel, P. Caillaud, T. Bourgade, J. L. Turk, G. Vigne, E. Hamel, M. Larour, J. Bradley, D. Smalyuk, V. Bell, P. BE Mora, P Tanaka, KA Moses, E TI Development of a hardened imaging system for the Laser MegaJoule SO IFSA 2011 - SEVENTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INERTIAL FUSION SCIENCES AND APPLICATIONS SE EPJ Web of Conferences LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Inertial Fusion Sciences and Applications CY SEP 12-16, 2011 CL Bordeaux, FRANCE SP Inst Lasers Plasmas AB The Laser MegaJoule (LMJ) facility will host inertial confinement fusion experiments in order to achieve ignition by imploding a Deuterium-Tritium microballoon. In this context an X-ray imager is necessary to diagnose the core size and shape of the DT-target in the 10-100 keV band in complement of neutron imaging system. Such a diagnostic will be composed of two parts: an X-ray optical system and a detection assembly. Each element will be affected by the harsh environment created by fusion reactions. C1 [Rousseau, A.; Darbon, S.; Troussel, P.; Caillaud, T.; Bourgade, J. L.; Turk, G.; Vigne, E.] CEA, DAM, DIF, F-91297 Arpajon, France. [Hamel, M.] CEA, LIST, Lab Capteurs Architectures Elect, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Larour, J.] UPMC, Ecole Polytech, CNRS, LPP,UMR 7648, F-91128 Palaiseau, France. [Bradley, D.; Smalyuk, V.; Bell, P.] LLNL, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Rousseau, A (reprint author), CEA, DAM, DIF, F-91297 Arpajon, France. EM adrien.rousseau@cea.fr NR 3 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 6 PU E D P SCIENCES PI CEDEX A PA 17 AVE DU HOGGAR PARC D ACTIVITES COUTABOEUF BP 112, F-91944 CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 2100-014X BN 978-2-7598-1077-2 J9 EPJ WEB CONF PY 2013 VL 59 AR UNSP 13006 DI 10.1051/epjconf/20135913006 PG 4 WC Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BB2SZ UT WOS:000342286400124 ER PT S AU Ruiz, CL Leeper, RJ Cooper, GW Chandler, GA Cox, CM Doyle, BL Fehl, DL Hahn, KD McWatters, BR Nelson, AJ Smelser, RM Snow, CS Torres, JA Bleuel, DL Kilkenney, JD AF Ruiz, C. L. Leeper, R. J. Cooper, G. W. Chandler, G. A. Cox, C. M. Doyle, B. L. Fehl, D. L. Hahn, K. D. McWatters, B. R. Nelson, A. J. Smelser, R. M. Snow, C. S. Torres, J. A. Bleuel, D. L. Kilkenney, J. D. BE Mora, P Tanaka, KA Moses, E TI On the absolute calibration of a DT fusion neutron yield diagnostic SO IFSA 2011 - SEVENTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INERTIAL FUSION SCIENCES AND APPLICATIONS SE EPJ Web of Conferences LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Inertial Fusion Sciences and Applications CY SEP 12-16, 2011 CL Bordeaux, FRANCE SP Inst Lasers Plasmas AB Recent advances in Inertial Confinement Fusion (ICF) experiments at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory's National Ignition Facility (NIF) have underscored the need for accurate total yield measurements of DT neutrons because yield measurements provide a measure of the predicted performance of the experiments. Future gas-puff DT experiments at Sandia National Laboratory's Z facility will also require similar measurements. For ICF DT experiments, the standard technique for measuring the neutron (14.1 MeV) yield, counts the activity (counts/minute) induced in irradiated copper samples. This activity occurs by the Cu-63(n, 2n)Cu-62 reaction where Cu-62 decays by positrons (beta(+)) with a half-life of 9.67 minutes. The calibrations discussed here employ the associated-particle method (APM), where the alpha (He-4) particles from the T(d, n)He-4 reaction are measured to infer neutron fluxes on a copper sample. The flux induces Cu-62 activity, measured in a coincidence counting system. The method leads to a relationship between a DT neutron yield and copper activity known as the F-factor. The goal in future experiments is to apply this calibration to measure the yield at NIF with a combined uncertainty approaching 5%. C1 [Ruiz, C. L.; Leeper, R. J.; Chandler, G. A.; Cox, C. M.; Doyle, B. L.; Fehl, D. L.; Hahn, K. D.; McWatters, B. R.; Smelser, R. M.; Snow, C. S.; Torres, J. A.] Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Cooper, G. W.; Nelson, A. J.] Univ New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM USA. [Hahn, K. D.; Smelser, R. M.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. [Kilkenney, J. D.] Gen Atom, San Diego, CA USA. RP Ruiz, CL (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. FU U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000] FX Sandia National Laboratories is a multi-program laboratory managed and operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corporation, for the U.S. Department of Energys National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU E D P SCIENCES PI CEDEX A PA 17 AVE DU HOGGAR PARC D ACTIVITES COUTABOEUF BP 112, F-91944 CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 2100-014X BN 978-2-7598-1077-2 J9 EPJ WEB CONF PY 2013 VL 59 AR UNSP 13014 DI 10.1051/epjconf/20135913014 PG 4 WC Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BB2SZ UT WOS:000342286400132 ER PT S AU Sakawa, Y Kuramitsu, Y Morita, T Kato, T Tanji, H Ide, T Nishio, K Kuwada, M Tsubouchi, T Ide, H Norimatsu, T Gregory, C Woolsey, N Schaar, K Murphy, C Gregori, G Diziere, A Pelka, A Koenig, M Wang, S Dong, Q Li, Y Park, HS Ross, S Kugland, N Ryutov, D Remington, B Spitkovsky, A Froula, D Takabe, H AF Sakawa, Y. Kuramitsu, Y. Morita, T. Kato, T. Tanji, H. Ide, T. Nishio, K. Kuwada, M. Tsubouchi, T. Ide, H. Norimatsu, T. Gregory, C. Woolsey, N. Schaar, K. Murphy, C. Gregori, G. Diziere, A. Pelka, A. Koenig, M. Wang, S. Dong, Q. Li, Y. Park, H. -S. Ross, S. Kugland, N. Ryutov, D. Remington, B. Spitkovsky, A. Froula, D. Takabe, H. BE Mora, P Tanaka, KA Moses, E TI High-power laser experiments to study collisionless shock generation SO IFSA 2011 - SEVENTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INERTIAL FUSION SCIENCES AND APPLICATIONS SE EPJ Web of Conferences LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Inertial Fusion Sciences and Applications CY SEP 12-16, 2011 CL Bordeaux, FRANCE SP Inst Lasers Plasmas AB A collisionless Weibel-instability mediated shock in a self-generated magnetic field is studied using two-dimensional particle-in-cell simulation [Kato and Takabe, Astophys. J. Lett. 681, L93 (2008)]. It is predicted that the generation of the Weibel shock requires to use NIF-class high-power laser system. Collisionless electrostatic shocks are produced in counter-streaming plasmas using Gekko XII laser system [Kuramitsu et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 106, 175002 (2011)]. A NIF facility time proposal is approved to study the formation of the collisionlessWeibel shock. OMEGA and OMEGA EP experiments have been started to study the plasma conditions of counter-streaming plasmas required for the NIF experiment using Thomson scattering and to develop proton radiography diagnostics. C1 [Sakawa, Y.; Kuramitsu, Y.; Morita, T.; Norimatsu, T.; Takabe, H.] Osaka Univ, Inst Laser Engn, 2-6 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 5650871, Japan. [Kato, T.] Hiroshima Univ, Grad Sch Sci, Hiroshima 7398526, Japan. [Tanji, H.; Ide, T.; Tsubouchi, T.] Osaka Univ, Grad Sch Engn, Suita, Osaka 5650871, Japan. [Nishio, K.; Kuwada, M.; Ide, H.] Osaka Univ, Grad Sch Sci, Toyonaka, Osaka 5600043, Japan. [Gregory, C.; Woolsey, N.] Univ York, Dept Phys, York YO10 5DD, N Yorkshire, England. [Schaar, K.; Murphy, C.; Gregori, G.] Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, Oxford OX1 3PU, England. [Diziere, A.; Pelka, A.; Koenig, M.] Ecole Polytech, LULI, F-91128 Palaiseau, France. [Wang, S.; Dong, Q.; Li, Y.] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Phys, Beijing 100190, Peoples R China. [Park, H. -S.; Ross, S.; Kugland, N.; Ryutov, D.; Remington, B.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Spitkovsky, A.] Princeton Univ, Dept Astrophys Sci, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Froula, D.] Laser Energet Lab, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. RP Sakawa, Y (reprint author), Osaka Univ, Inst Laser Engn, 2-6 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 5650871, Japan. EM sakawa-y@ile.osaka-u.ac.jp RI Sakawa, Youichi/J-5707-2016 OI Sakawa, Youichi/0000-0003-4165-1048 FU Scientific Research (B), MEXT of Japan [21340172]; Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) FX A part of the experiments was performed under the joint-research project of the Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, and supported by Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B), MEXT of Japan (No. 21340172), and by a grant for the Core-to-Core Program from the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS). NR 6 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 8 PU E D P SCIENCES PI CEDEX A PA 17 AVE DU HOGGAR PARC D ACTIVITES COUTABOEUF BP 112, F-91944 CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 2100-014X BN 978-2-7598-1077-2 J9 EPJ WEB CONF PY 2013 VL 59 AR UNSP 15001 DI 10.1051/epjconf/20135915001 PG 5 WC Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BB2SZ UT WOS:000342286400145 ER PT S AU Schmitt, MJ Bradley, PA Cobble, JA Hsu, SC Krasheninnikova, NS Kyrala, GA Magelssen, GR Murphy, TJ Obrey, KA Tregillis, IL Wysocki, FJ Finnegan, SM AF Schmitt, M. J. Bradley, P. A. Cobble, J. A. Hsu, S. C. Krasheninnikova, N. S. Kyrala, G. A. Magelssen, G. R. Murphy, T. J. Obrey, K. A. Tregillis, I. L. Wysocki, F. J. Finnegan, S. M. BE Mora, P Tanaka, KA Moses, E TI Defect-induced mix experiment for NIF SO IFSA 2011 - SEVENTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INERTIAL FUSION SCIENCES AND APPLICATIONS SE EPJ Web of Conferences LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Inertial Fusion Sciences and Applications CY SEP 12-16, 2011 CL Bordeaux, FRANCE SP Inst Lasers Plasmas AB The Defect Induced Mix Experiment (DIME-II) will measure the implosion and mix characteristics of CH capsules filled with 5 atmospheres of DT by incorporating mid-Z dopant layers of Ge and Ga. This polar direct drive (PDD) experiment also will demonstrate the filling of a CH capsule at target chamber center using a fill tube. Diagnostics for these experiments include areal x-ray backlighting to obtain early time images of the implosion trajectory and a multiple-monochromatic imager (MMI) to collect spectrally-resolved images of the capsule dopant line emission near bangtime. The inclusion of two (or more) thin dopant layers at separate depths within the capsule shell facilitates spatial correlation of mix between the layers and the hot gas core on a single shot. The dopant layers are typically 2 mu m thick and contain dopant concentrations of 1.5%. Three dimensional Hydra simulations have been performed to assess the effects of PDD asymmetry on capsule performance. C1 [Schmitt, M. J.; Bradley, P. A.; Cobble, J. A.; Hsu, S. C.; Krasheninnikova, N. S.; Kyrala, G. A.; Magelssen, G. R.; Murphy, T. J.; Obrey, K. A.; Tregillis, I. L.; Wysocki, F. J.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, MS F699, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. [Finnegan, S. M.] Off Fusion Energy Sci, Germantown, MD 20874 USA. RP Schmitt, MJ (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, MS F699, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. RI Murphy, Thomas/F-3101-2014; OI Murphy, Thomas/0000-0002-6137-9873; Schmitt, Mark/0000-0002-0197-9180; Bradley, Paul/0000-0001-6229-6677; Hsu, Scott/0000-0002-6737-4934 NR 3 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU E D P SCIENCES PI CEDEX A PA 17 AVE DU HOGGAR PARC D ACTIVITES COUTABOEUF BP 112, F-91944 CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 2100-014X BN 978-2-7598-1077-2 J9 EPJ WEB CONF PY 2013 VL 59 AR UNSP 04005 DI 10.1051/epjconf/20135904005 PG 5 WC Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BB2SZ UT WOS:000342286400053 ER PT S AU Shiraga, H Fujioka, S Nakai, M Watari, T Nakamura, H Arikawa, Y Hosoda, H Nagai, T Koga, M Kikuchi, H Ishii, Y Sogo, T Shigemori, K Nishimura, H Zhang, Z Tanabe, M Ohira, S Fujii, Y Namimoto, T Sakawa, Y Maegawa, O Ozaki, T Tanaka, KA Habara, H Iwawaki, T Shimada, K Key, M Norreys, P Pasley, J Nagatomo, H Johzaki, T Sunahara, A Murakami, M Sakagami, H Taguchi, T Norimatsu, T Homma, H Fujimoto, Y Iwamoto, A Miyanaga, N Kawanaka, J Kanabe, T Jitsuno, T Nakata, Y Tsubakimoto, K Sueda, K Kodama, R Kondo, K Morio, N Matsuo, S Kawasaki, T Sawai, K Tsuji, K Murakami, H Sarukura, N Shimizu, T Mima, K Azechi, H AF Shiraga, H. Fujioka, S. Nakai, M. Watari, T. Nakamura, H. Arikawa, Y. Hosoda, H. Nagai, T. Koga, M. Kikuchi, H. Ishii, Y. Sogo, T. Shigemori, K. Nishimura, H. Zhang, Z. Tanabe, M. Ohira, S. Fujii, Y. Namimoto, T. Sakawa, Y. Maegawa, O. Ozaki, T. Tanaka, K. A. Habara, H. Iwawaki, T. Shimada, K. Key, M. Norreys, P. Pasley, J. Nagatomo, H. Johzaki, T. Sunahara, A. Murakami, M. Sakagami, H. Taguchi, T. Norimatsu, T. Homma, H. Fujimoto, Y. Iwamoto, A. Miyanaga, N. Kawanaka, J. Kanabe, T. Jitsuno, T. Nakata, Y. Tsubakimoto, K. Sueda, K. Kodama, R. Kondo, K. Morio, N. Matsuo, S. Kawasaki, T. Sawai, K. Tsuji, K. Murakami, H. Sarukura, N. Shimizu, T. Mima, K. Azechi, H. BE Mora, P Tanaka, KA Moses, E TI Implosion and heating experiments of fast ignition targets by Gekko-XII and LFEX lasers SO IFSA 2011 - SEVENTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INERTIAL FUSION SCIENCES AND APPLICATIONS SE EPJ Web of Conferences LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Inertial Fusion Sciences and Applications CY SEP 12-16, 2011 CL Bordeaux, FRANCE SP Inst Lasers Plasmas AB The FIREX-1 project, the goal of which is to demonstrate fuel heating up to 5 keV by fast ignition scheme, has been carried out since 2003 including construction and tuning of LFEX laser and integrated experiments. Implosion and heating experiment of Fast Ignition targets have been performed since 2009 with Gekko-XII and LFEX lasers. A deuterated polystyrene shell target was imploded with the 0.53-mu m Gekko-XII, and the 1.053-mu m beam of the LFEX laser was injected through a gold cone attached to the shell to generate hot electrons to heat the imploded fuel plasma. Pulse contrast ratio of the LFEX beam was significantly improved. Also a variety of plasma diagnostic instruments were developed to be compatible with harsh environment of intense hard x-rays (gamma rays) and electromagnetic pulses due to the intense LFEX beam on the target. Large background signals around the DD neutron signal in time-of-flight record of neutron detector were found to consist of neutrons via (gamma, n) reactions and scattered gamma rays. Enhanced neutron yield was confirmed by carefully eliminating such backgrounds. Neutron enhancement up to 3.5 x 10(7) was observed. Heating efficiency was estimated to be 10-20% assuming a uniform temperature rise model. C1 [Shiraga, H.; Fujioka, S.; Nakai, M.; Watari, T.; Nakamura, H.; Arikawa, Y.; Hosoda, H.; Nagai, T.; Koga, M.; Kikuchi, H.; Ishii, Y.; Sogo, T.; Shigemori, K.; Nishimura, H.; Zhang, Z.; Tanabe, M.; Ohira, S.; Fujii, Y.; Namimoto, T.; Sakawa, Y.; Maegawa, O.; Iwawaki, T.; Shimada, K.; Nagatomo, H.; Murakami, M.; Norimatsu, T.; Homma, H.; Fujimoto, Y.; Miyanaga, N.; Kawanaka, J.; Jitsuno, T.; Nakata, Y.; Tsubakimoto, K.; Morio, N.; Matsuo, S.; Kawasaki, T.; Sawai, K.; Tsuji, K.; Murakami, H.; Sarukura, N.; Shimizu, T.; Mima, K.; Azechi, H.] Osaka Univ, Inst Laser Engn, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 5650871, Japan. [Ozaki, T.; Sakagami, H.; Iwamoto, A.] Natl Inst Fus Sci, Toki, Gifu 5095292, Japan. [Tanaka, K. A.; Habara, H.; Sueda, K.; Kodama, R.] Osaka Univ, Grad Sch Engn, Suita, Osaka 5650871, Japan. [Key, M.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Norreys, P.] Rutherford Appleton Lab, STFC Rutherford Appleton Lab, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. [Pasley, J.] Univ York, York Plasma Inst, Dept Phys, York YO10 5DQ, N Yorkshire, England. [Johzaki, T.; Sunahara, A.] Inst Laser Technol, Suita, Osaka 5650871, Japan. [Taguchi, T.] Setsunan Univ, Fac Sci & Engn, Osaka 5728508, Japan. [Kanabe, T.] Univ Fukui, Grad Sch Engn, Fukui 9108507, Japan. [Kondo, K.] Japan Atom Energy Agcy, Kansai Photon Sci Inst, Kizu, Kyoto 6190215, Japan. RP Shiraga, H (reprint author), Osaka Univ, Inst Laser Engn, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 5650871, Japan. EM shiraga@ile.osaka-u.ac.jpr RI Shigemori, Keisuke/B-3262-2013; Brennan, Patricia/N-3922-2015; Tanabe, Minoru/O-2016-2016; Kodama, Ryosuke/G-2627-2016; Nakai, Mitsuo/I-6758-2015; Nishimura, Hiroaki/I-4908-2015; Sakawa, Youichi/J-5707-2016; OI Shigemori, Keisuke/0000-0002-3978-8427; Tanabe, Minoru/0000-0002-9077-3896; Nakai, Mitsuo/0000-0001-6076-756X; Sakawa, Youichi/0000-0003-4165-1048; Fujioka, Shinsuke/0000-0001-8406-1772; SUNAHARA, ATSUSHI/0000-0001-7543-5226 NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU E D P SCIENCES PI CEDEX A PA 17 AVE DU HOGGAR PARC D ACTIVITES COUTABOEUF BP 112, F-91944 CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 2100-014X BN 978-2-7598-1077-2 J9 EPJ WEB CONF PY 2013 VL 59 AR UNSP 01008 DI 10.1051/epjconf/20135901008 PG 6 WC Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BB2SZ UT WOS:000342286400008 ER PT S AU Springer, PT Cerjan, C Betti, R Caggiano, JA Edwards, MJ Frenje, JA Glebov, VY Glenzer, SH Glenn, SM Izumi, N Jones, O Kyrala, G Ma, T McNaney, J Moran, M Munro, DH Regan, S Sangster, TC Sepke, S Scott, H Town, RPJ Weber, SV Wilson, B AF Springer, P. T. Cerjan, C. Betti, R. Caggiano, J. A. Edwards, M. J. Frenje, J. A. Glebov, V. Yu. Glenzer, S. H. Glenn, S. M. Izumi, N. Jones, O. Kyrala, G. Ma, T. McNaney, J. Moran, M. Munro, D. H. Regan, S. Sangster, T. C. Sepke, S. Scott, H. Town, R. P. J. Weber, S. V. Wilson, B. BE Mora, P Tanaka, KA Moses, E TI Integrated thermodynamic model for ignition target performance SO IFSA 2011 - SEVENTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INERTIAL FUSION SCIENCES AND APPLICATIONS SE EPJ Web of Conferences LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Inertial Fusion Sciences and Applications CY SEP 12-16, 2011 CL Bordeaux, FRANCE SP Inst Lasers Plasmas ID CONFINEMENT FUSION CAPSULES AB We have derived a 3-dimensional synthetic model for NIF implosion conditions, by predicting and optimizing fits to a broad set of x-ray and nuclear diagnostics obtained on each shot. By matching x-ray images, burn width, neutron time-of-flight ion temperature, yield, and fuel rho r, we obtain nearly unique constraints on conditions in the hotspot and fuel in a model that is entirely consistent with the observables. This model allows us to determine hotspot density, pressure, areal density (rho r), total energy, and other ignition-relevant parameters not available from any single diagnostic. This article describes the model and its application to National Ignition Facility (NIF) tritium-hydrogen-deuterium (THD) and DT implosion data, and provides an explanation for the large yield and rho r degradation compared to numerical code predictions. C1 [Springer, P. T.; Cerjan, C.; Caggiano, J. A.; Edwards, M. J.; Glenzer, S. H.; Glenn, S. M.; Izumi, N.; Jones, O.; Ma, T.; McNaney, J.; Moran, M.; Munro, D. H.; Sepke, S.; Scott, H.; Town, R. P. J.; Weber, S. V.; Wilson, B.] LLNL, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Kyrala, G.] LANL, Los Alamos, NM USA. [Frenje, J. A.] MIT, Cambridge, MA USA. [Glebov, V. Yu.; Regan, S.; Sangster, T. C.] Laser Energet Lab, Rochester, NY USA. RP Springer, PT (reprint author), LLNL, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RI IZUMI, Nobuhiko/J-8487-2016 OI IZUMI, Nobuhiko/0000-0003-1114-597X FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC52-07NA27344] FX This work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Security, LLC, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. NR 13 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 8 PU E D P SCIENCES PI CEDEX A PA 17 AVE DU HOGGAR PARC D ACTIVITES COUTABOEUF BP 112, F-91944 CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 2100-014X BN 978-2-7598-1077-2 J9 EPJ WEB CONF PY 2013 VL 59 AR UNSP 04001 DI 10.1051/epjconf/20135904001 PG 4 WC Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BB2SZ UT WOS:000342286400049 ER PT S AU Startsev, EA Kaganovich, I Davidson, RC AF Startsev, Edward A. Kaganovich, Igor Davidson, Ronald C. BE Mora, P Tanaka, KA Moses, E TI Nonlinear effects of beam-plasma instabilities on neutralized propagation of intense ion beams in background plasma SO IFSA 2011 - SEVENTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INERTIAL FUSION SCIENCES AND APPLICATIONS SE EPJ Web of Conferences LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Inertial Fusion Sciences and Applications CY SEP 12-16, 2011 CL Bordeaux, FRANCE SP Inst Lasers Plasmas AB The streaming of an intense ion beam relative to the background plasma can cause the development of fast electrostatic collective instabilities. In this paper we examine numerically the defocusing effects of two-stream instability on the ion beam propagating in neutralizing background plasma. The scaling laws for the average de-focusing forces on the beam ions are identified, and confirmed by comparison with numerical simulations. These scalings can be used in the development of realistic ion beam compression scenarios in present and next-generation ion-beam-driven experiments. C1 [Startsev, Edward A.; Kaganovich, Igor; Davidson, Ronald C.] Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Startsev, EA (reprint author), Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. EM estarts@pppl.gov NR 5 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 1 PU E D P SCIENCES PI CEDEX A PA 17 AVE DU HOGGAR PARC D ACTIVITES COUTABOEUF BP 112, F-91944 CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 2100-014X BN 978-2-7598-1077-2 J9 EPJ WEB CONF PY 2013 VL 59 AR 09003 DI 10.1051/epjconf/20135909003 PG 5 WC Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BB2SZ UT WOS:000342286400105 ER PT S AU Strozzi, D Tabak, M Larson, D Marinak, M Key, M Divol, L Kemp, A Bellei, C Shay, H AF Strozzi, D. Tabak, M. Larson, D. Marinak, M. Key, M. Divol, L. Kemp, A. Bellei, C. Shay, H. BE Mora, P Tanaka, KA Moses, E TI Cone-guided fast ignition with no imposed magnetic fields SO IFSA 2011 - SEVENTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INERTIAL FUSION SCIENCES AND APPLICATIONS SE EPJ Web of Conferences LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Inertial Fusion Sciences and Applications CY SEP 12-16, 2011 CL Bordeaux, FRANCE SP Inst Lasers Plasmas ID CONDUCTIVITY AB Simulations are presented of ignition-scale fast ignition targets with the integrated Zuma-Hydra PIC-hydrodynamic capability. We consider a spherical DT fuel assembly with a carbon cone, and an artificially-collimated fast electron source. We study the role of E and B fields and the fast electron energy spectrum. For mono-energetic 1.5 MeV fast electrons, without E and B fields, ignition can be achieved with fast electron energy E-f(ig) = 30 kJ. This is 3.5x the minimal deposited ignition energy of 8.7 kJ for our fuel density of 450 g/cm(3). Including E and B fields with the resistive Ohm's law E = eta J(b) gives E-f(ig) = 20 kJ, while using the full Ohm's law gives E-f(ig) > 40 kJ. This is due to magnetic self-guiding in the former case, and del n x del T magnetic fields in the latter. Using a realistic, quasi two-temperature energy spectrum derived from PIC laser-plasma simulations increases E-F(ig) to (102, 81, 162) kJ for (no E/B, E = eta J(b), full Ohm's law). Such electrons are too energetic to stop in the optimal hot spot depth. C1 [Strozzi, D.; Tabak, M.; Larson, D.; Marinak, M.; Key, M.; Divol, L.; Kemp, A.; Bellei, C.; Shay, H.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Strozzi, D (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM strozzi2@llnl.gov OI Larson, David/0000-0003-0814-8555; Strozzi, David/0000-0001-8814-3791 NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU E D P SCIENCES PI CEDEX A PA 17 AVE DU HOGGAR PARC D ACTIVITES COUTABOEUF BP 112, F-91944 CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 2100-014X BN 978-2-7598-1077-2 J9 EPJ WEB CONF PY 2013 VL 59 AR 03012 DI 10.1051/epjconf/20135903012 PG 5 WC Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BB2SZ UT WOS:000342286400044 ER PT S AU Szabo, CI Indelicato, P Hudson, LT Seely, JF Ma, T AF Szabo, C. I. Indelicato, P. Hudson, L. T. Seely, J. F. Ma, T. BE Mora, P Tanaka, KA Moses, E TI High-resolution K-shell spectra from laser excited molybdenum plasmas SO IFSA 2011 - SEVENTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INERTIAL FUSION SCIENCES AND APPLICATIONS SE EPJ Web of Conferences LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Inertial Fusion Sciences and Applications CY SEP 12-16, 2011 CL Bordeaux, FRANCE SP Inst Lasers Plasmas AB X-ray spectra from Molybdenum plasmas were recorded by a Cauchois-type cylindrically bent Transmission Crystal Spectrometer (TCS). The absolutely calibrated spectrometer provides an unprecedented resolution of inner shell transitions (K x-ray radiation). This tool allows us to resolve individual lines from different charge states existing inside the laser-produced plasma. The inner shell transitions from highly charged Molybdenum shown in this report have never been resolved before in such detail in a laser-produced plasma. C1 [Szabo, C. I.; Indelicato, P.] UPMC, CNRS, ENS, Lab Kastler Brossel, Paris, France. [Hudson, L. T.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD USA. [Seely, J. F.] US Naval, Res Lab, Washington, DC USA. [Ma, T.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. RP Szabo, CI (reprint author), UPMC, CNRS, ENS, Lab Kastler Brossel, Paris, France. RI Indelicato, Paul/D-7636-2011 OI Indelicato, Paul/0000-0003-4668-8958 NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU E D P SCIENCES PI CEDEX A PA 17 AVE DU HOGGAR PARC D ACTIVITES COUTABOEUF BP 112, F-91944 CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 2100-014X BN 978-2-7598-1077-2 J9 EPJ WEB CONF PY 2013 VL 59 AR UNSP 13007 DI 10.1051/epjconf/20135913007 PG 5 WC Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BB2SZ UT WOS:000342286400125 ER PT S AU Weber, S Callahan, D Cerjan, C Edwards, M Haan, S Hicks, D Jones, O Kyrala, G Meezan, N Olson, R Robey, H Spears, B Springer, P Town, R AF Weber, S. Callahan, D. Cerjan, C. Edwards, M. Haan, S. Hicks, D. Jones, O. Kyrala, G. Meezan, N. Olson, R. Robey, H. Spears, B. Springer, P. Town, R. BE Mora, P Tanaka, KA Moses, E TI NIF capsule performance modeling SO IFSA 2011 - SEVENTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INERTIAL FUSION SCIENCES AND APPLICATIONS SE EPJ Web of Conferences LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Inertial Fusion Sciences and Applications CY SEP 12-16, 2011 CL Bordeaux, FRANCE SP Inst Lasers Plasmas AB Post-shot modeling of NIF capsule implosions was performed in order to validate our physical and numerical models. Cryogenic layered target implosions and experiments with surrogate targets produce an abundance of capsule performance data including implosion velocity, remaining ablator mass, times of peak x-ray and neutron emission, core image size, core symmetry, neutron yield, and x-ray spectra. We have attempted to match the integrated data set with capsule-only simulations by adjusting the drive and other physics parameters within expected uncertainties. The simulations include interface roughness, time-dependent symmetry, and a model of mix. We were able to match many of the measured performance parameters for a selection of shots. C1 [Weber, S.; Callahan, D.; Cerjan, C.; Edwards, M.; Haan, S.; Hicks, D.; Jones, O.; Meezan, N.; Robey, H.; Spears, B.; Springer, P.; Town, R.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Kyrala, G.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Olson, R.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Weber, S (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RI Hicks, Damien/B-5042-2015 OI Hicks, Damien/0000-0001-8322-9983 NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU E D P SCIENCES PI CEDEX A PA 17 AVE DU HOGGAR PARC D ACTIVITES COUTABOEUF BP 112, F-91944 CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 2100-014X BN 978-2-7598-1077-2 J9 EPJ WEB CONF PY 2013 VL 59 AR UNSP 02011 DI 10.1051/epjconf/20135902011 PG 4 WC Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BB2SZ UT WOS:000342286400024 ER PT S AU Wilson, DC Aragonez, RJ Archuleta, TN Atkinson, DP Barrios, MA Batha, SH Bower, DE Bradley, DK Buckles, RA Clark, DD Clark, DS Clark, DJ Cradick, JR Danly, CR Day, RD Dzenitis, JM Drury, OB Fatherley, VE Felker, B Finch, JP Fittinghoff, DN Frank, M Gallegos, RA Garcia, FP Glenn, SM Grim, GP Guler, N Hsu, AH Izumi, N Jaramillo, SA Jones, OS Kaufman, MI Kilkenny, JD Kyrala, GA Le Pape, S Liddick, SN Loomis, EN Lutz, SS Ma, T Mackinnon, AJ Malone, RM Mares, D Marinak, MM Martinson, DD McKenty, P Meezan, NS Merrill, FE Moran, MJ Morgan, GL Munson, C Munro, DH Murphy, TJ Oertel, JA Patel, MV Polk, PJ Regan, S Roberson, GP Schmidt, DW Sepke, SM Spears, BK Tommasini, R Town, R Traille, A Tregillis, IL Valdez, AC Volegov, PL Wang, TSF Weiss, P Wilde, CH Wilke, MD AF Wilson, D. C. Aragonez, R. J. Archuleta, T. N. Atkinson, D. P. Barrios, M. A. Batha, S. H. Bower, D. E. Bradley, D. K. Buckles, R. A. Clark, D. D. Clark, D. S. Clark, D. J. Cradick, J. R. Danly, C. R. Day, R. D. Dzenitis, J. M. Drury, O. B. Fatherley, V. E. Felker, B. Finch, J. P. Fittinghoff, D. N. Frank, M. Gallegos, R. A. Garcia, F. P. Glenn, S. M. Grim, G. P. Guler, N. Hsu, A. H. Izumi, N. Jaramillo, S. A. Jones, O. S. Kaufman, M. I. Kilkenny, J. D. Kyrala, G. A. Le Pape, S. Liddick, S. N. Loomis, E. N. Lutz, S. S. Ma, T. Mackinnon, A. J. Malone, R. M. Mares, D. Marinak, M. M. Martinson, D. D. McKenty, P. Meezan, N. S. Merrill, F. E. Moran, M. J. Morgan, G. L. Munson, C. Munro, D. H. Murphy, T. J. Oertel, J. A. Patel, M. V. Polk, P. J. Regan, S. Roberson, G. P. Schmidt, D. W. Sepke, S. M. Spears, B. K. Tommasini, R. Town, R. Traille, A. Tregillis, I. L. Valdez, A. C. Volegov, P. L. Wang, T-S. F. Weiss, P. Wilde, C. H. Wilke, M. D. BE Mora, P Tanaka, KA Moses, E TI Comparing neutron and X-ray images from NIF implosions SO IFSA 2011 - SEVENTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INERTIAL FUSION SCIENCES AND APPLICATIONS SE EPJ Web of Conferences LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Inertial Fusion Sciences and Applications CY SEP 12-16, 2011 CL Bordeaux, FRANCE SP Inst Lasers Plasmas ID NATIONAL-IGNITION-FACILITY; DIRECT-DRIVE AB Directly laser driven and X-radiation driven DT filled capsules differ in the relationship between neutron and X-ray images. Shot N110217, a directly driven DT-filled glass micro-balloon provided the first neutron images at the National Ignition Facility. As seen in implosions on the Omega laser, the neutron image can be enclosed inside time integrated X-ray images. HYDRA simulations show the X-ray image is dominated by emission from the hot glass shell while the neutron image arises from the DT fuel it encloses. In the absence of mix or jetting, X-ray images of a cryogenically layered THD fuel capsule should be dominated by emission from the hydrogen rather than the cooler plastic shell that is separated from the hot core by cold DT fuel. This cool, dense DT, invisible in X-ray emission, shows itself by scattering hot core neutrons. Germanium X-ray emission spectra and Ross pair filtered X-ray energy resolved images suggest that germanium doped plastic emits in the torus shaped hot spot, probably reducing the neutron yield. C1 [Wilson, D. C.; Aragonez, R. J.; Archuleta, T. N.; Atkinson, D. P.; Batha, S. H.; Clark, D. D.; Clark, D. J.; Danly, C. R.; Day, R. D.; Fatherley, V. E.; Finch, J. P.; Gallegos, R. A.; Garcia, F. P.; Grim, G. P.; Guler, N.; Hsu, A. H.; Jaramillo, S. A.; Kyrala, G. A.; Loomis, E. N.; Mares, D.; Martinson, D. D.; Merrill, F. E.; Morgan, G. L.; Munson, C.; Murphy, T. J.; Oertel, J. A.; Polk, P. J.; Schmidt, D. W.; Tregillis, I. L.; Valdez, A. C.; Volegov, P. L.; Wang, T-S. F.; Wilde, C. H.; Wilke, M. D.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Barrios, M. A.; Bower, D. E.; Bradley, D. K.; Clark, D. S.; Dzenitis, J. M.; Drury, O. B.; Felker, B.; Frank, M.; Glenn, S. M.; Guler, N.; Jones, O. S.; Kilkenny, J. D.; Le Pape, S.; Liddick, S. N.; Ma, T.; Mackinnon, A. J.; Marinak, M. M.; Meezan, N. S.; Moran, M. J.; Munro, D. H.; Patel, M. V.; Roberson, G. P.; Sepke, S. M.; Spears, B. K.; Tommasini, R.; Town, R.; Weiss, P.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. [McKenty, P.; Regan, S.] Univ Rochester, Laser Energet Lab, Rochester, NY USA. [Buckles, R. A.; Cradick, J. R.; Lutz, S. S.; Traille, A.] Natl Secur Technol, Livermore Operat, Livermore, CA USA. [Kaufman, M. I.; Malone, R. M.] Natl Secur Technol, Los Alamos Operat, Los Alamos, NM USA. RP Wilson, DC (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Frank, Matthias/O-9055-2014; MacKinnon, Andrew/P-7239-2014; Murphy, Thomas/F-3101-2014; IZUMI, Nobuhiko/J-8487-2016; Tommasini, Riccardo/A-8214-2009; OI MacKinnon, Andrew/0000-0002-4380-2906; Murphy, Thomas/0000-0002-6137-9873; IZUMI, Nobuhiko/0000-0003-1114-597X; Tommasini, Riccardo/0000-0002-1070-3565; Patel, Mehul/0000-0002-0486-010X; Merrill, Frank/0000-0003-0603-735X NR 10 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 14 PU E D P SCIENCES PI CEDEX A PA 17 AVE DU HOGGAR PARC D ACTIVITES COUTABOEUF BP 112, F-91944 CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 2100-014X BN 978-2-7598-1077-2 J9 EPJ WEB CONF PY 2013 VL 59 AR UNSP 04002 DI 10.1051/epjconf/20135904002 PG 4 WC Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA BB2SZ UT WOS:000342286400050 ER PT S AU Shah, KG Tolosa, VM Tooker, AC Felix, SH Pannu, SS AF Shah, Kedar G. Tolosa, Vanessa M. Tooker, Angela C. Felix, Sarah H. Pannu, Satinderpall S. GP IEEE TI Improved Chronic Neural Stimulation using High Surface Area Platinum Electrodes SO 2013 35TH ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY (EMBC) SE IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 35th Annual International Conference of the IEEE-Engineering-in-Medicine-and-Biology-Society (EMBC) CY JUL 03-07, 2013 CL Osaka, JAPAN SP IEEE Engn Med Biol Soc, Japanese Soc Med & Biol Engn ID ELECTRICAL-STIMULATION; INTERFACES; DENSITY AB We report a novel nano-cluster platinum (NCPt) film that exhibits enhanced performance as an electrode material for neural stimulation applications. Nano-cluster films were deposited using a custom physical vapor deposition process and patterned on a flexible polyimide microelectrode array using semiconductor processing technology. Electrode performance was characterized in vitro using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and compared with sputtered thin-film platinum (TFPt) electrodes. We characterized electrode impedance, charge storage capacity, voltage transient properties, and relative surface area enhancement in vitro. Preliminary lifetime testing of the electrode reveals that the NCPt electrodes degrade more slowly than TFPt electrodes. The combination of material biocompatibility, electrochemical performance, and preliminary lifetime results point to a promising new electrode material for neural interface devices. C1 [Shah, Kedar G.; Tolosa, Vanessa M.; Tooker, Angela C.; Felix, Sarah H.; Pannu, Satinderpall S.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Shah, KG (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM kshah@llnl.gov; tolosa1@llnl.gov; tooker1@llnl.gov; felix5@llnl.gov; pannu1@llnl.gov NR 14 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1557-170X BN 978-1-4577-0216-7 J9 IEEE ENG MED BIO PY 2013 BP 1546 EP 1549 PG 4 WC Engineering, Biomedical; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BB2DX UT WOS:000341702102008 ER PT S AU Tooker, A Madsen, TE Yorita, A Crowell, A Shah, KG Felix, S Mayberg, HS Pannu, S Rainnie, DG Tolosa, V AF Tooker, Angela Madsen, Teresa E. Yorita, Allison Crowell, Andrea Shah, Kedar G. Felix, Sarah Mayberg, Helen S. Pannu, Satinderpall Rainnie, Donald G. Tolosa, Vanessa GP IEEE TI Microfabricated Polymer-Based Neural Interface for Electrical Stimulation/Recording, Drug Delivery, and Chemical Sensing - Development SO 2013 35TH ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY (EMBC) SE IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 35th Annual International Conference of the IEEE-Engineering-in-Medicine-and-Biology-Society (EMBC) CY JUL 03-07, 2013 CL Osaka, JAPAN SP IEEE Engn Med Biol Soc, Japanese Soc Med & Biol Engn ID DEEP BRAIN-STIMULATION; MICROFLUIDIC CHANNELS; PROBES; MICROELECTRODES; FABRICATION; GLUTAMATE; PARYLENE AB We present here a microfabricated, multifunctional neural interface with the ability to selectively apply electrical and chemical stimuli, while simultaneously monitoring both electrical and chemical activity in the brain. Such a comprehensive approach is required to understand and treat neuropsychiatric disorders, such as major depressive disorder (MDD), and to understand the mechanisms underlying treatments, such as pharmaceutical therapies and deep brain stimulation (DBS). The polymer-based, multi-functional neural interface is capable of electrical stimulation and recording, targeted drug delivery, and electrochemical sensing. A variety of different electrode and fluidic channel arrangements are possible with this fabrication process. Preliminary testing has shown the suitability of these neural interfaces for in vivo electrical stimulation and recording, as well as in vitro chemical sensing. Testing of the in vitro drug delivery and combined in vivo functionalities this neural interface are currently underway. C1 [Tooker, Angela; Shah, Kedar G.; Felix, Sarah; Pannu, Satinderpall; Tolosa, Vanessa] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Yorita, Allison] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Chem & Biomol Engn Dept, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. [Madsen, Teresa E.; Crowell, Andrea; Rainnie, Donald G.] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Mayberg, Helen S.] Emory Univ, Dept Psychiat, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. RP Tooker, A (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM tooker1@llnl.gov; tmadsen@emory.edu; ayorita@ucla.edu; andrea.crowell@emory.edu; shah22@llnl.gov; felix5@llnl.gov; hmayber@emory.edu; pannul@llnl.gov; drainni@emory.edu; tolosa1@llnl.gov RI Rainnie, Donald/L-3853-2016 OI Rainnie, Donald/0000-0003-0758-0530 FU Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory; U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344, LLNL-ABS-612192] FX The authors would like to thank Terri Delima, Heeral Sheth, and William Benett at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory for their lab support. This work has been funded by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. This work performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. LLNL-ABS-612192 NR 26 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1557-170X BN 978-1-4577-0216-7 J9 IEEE ENG MED BIO PY 2013 BP 5159 EP 5162 PG 4 WC Engineering, Biomedical; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BB2DX UT WOS:000341702105144 ER PT S AU Karnowski, TP Giancardo, L Li, YQ Tobin, KW Chaum, E AF Karnowski, Thomas P. Giancardo, Luca Li, Yaqin Tobin, Kenneth W., Jr. Chaum, Edward GP IEEE TI Retina Image Analysis and Ocular Telehealth: The Oak Ridge National Laboratory-Hamilton Eye Institute Case Study SO 2013 35TH ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY (EMBC) SE IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 35th Annual International Conference of the IEEE-Engineering-in-Medicine-and-Biology-Society (EMBC) CY JUL 03-07, 2013 CL Osaka, JAPAN SP IEEE Engn Med Biol Soc, Japanese Soc Med & Biol Engn ID DIABETIC-RETINOPATHY; DIAGNOSIS AB Automated retina image analysis has reached a high level of maturity in recent years, and thus the question of how validation is performed in these systems is beginning to grow in importance. One application of retina image analysis is in telemedicine, where an automated system could enable the automated detection of diabetic retinopathy and other eye diseases as a low-cost method for broad-based screening. In this work, we discuss our experiences in developing a telemedical network for retina image analysis, including our progression from a manual diagnosis network to a more fully automated one. We pay special attention to how validations of our algorithm steps are performed, both using data from the telemedicine network and other public databases. C1 [Karnowski, Thomas P.; Tobin, Kenneth W., Jr.] ORNL, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Karnowski, TP (reprint author), ORNL, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. OI Giancardo, Luca/0000-0002-4862-2277 NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1557-170X BN 978-1-4577-0216-7 J9 IEEE ENG MED BIO PY 2013 BP 7140 EP 7143 PG 4 WC Engineering, Biomedical; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BB2DX UT WOS:000341702107131 ER PT S AU Kondev, FG Carpenter, MP Zhu, S Janssens, RVF Ahmad, I Back, BB Bertone, PF Chen, J Chiara, CJ Copos, CA Greene, JP Hoffman, CR Kay, BP Khoo, TL Lauritsen, T McCutchan, EA Nair, C Rogers, AM Seweryniak, D Hartley, DJ AF Kondev, F. G. Carpenter, M. P. Zhu, S. Janssens, R. V. F. Ahmad, I. Back, B. B. Bertone, P. F. Chen, J. Chiara, C. J. Copos, C. A. Greene, J. P. Hoffman, C. R. Kay, B. P. Khoo, T. L. Lauritsen, T. McCutchan, E. A. Nair, C. Rogers, A. M. Seweryniak, D. Hartley, D. J. BE Simenel, C Evers, M Kibedi, T Luong, DH Reed, M Srncik, M Wallner, A TI Spectroscopy of Neutron-Deficient Nuclei Near the Z=82 Closed Shell via Symmetric Fusion Reactions SO HEAVY ION ACCELERATOR SYMPOSIUM 2013 SE EPJ Web of Conferences LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Heavy Ion Accelerator CY APR 08-12, 2013 CL Canberra, AUSTRALIA ID SHAPE COEXISTENCE; CLOSURE; ISOTOPES; LIGHT AB In-beam and decay-spectroscopy studies of neutron-deficient nuclei near the Z = 82 shell closure were carried out using the Fragment Mass Analyzer (FMA) and the Gammasphere array, in conjunction with symmetric fusion reactions and the Recoil Decay Tagging (RDT) technique. The primary motivation was to study properties of Tl-179 and Tl-180, and their daughter, and grand-daughter isotopes. For the first time, in-beam structures associated with Tl-179 and Tl-180 were observed, as well as gamma rays associated with the Tl-180 alpha decay. No long-lived isomer was identified in Tl-180, in contrast with the known systematics for the heavier odd-odd Tl isotopes. C1 [Kondev, F. G.; Carpenter, M. P.; Zhu, S.; Janssens, R. V. F.; Ahmad, I.; Back, B. B.; Bertone, P. F.; Chen, J.; Chiara, C. J.; Copos, C. A.; Greene, J. P.; Hoffman, C. R.; Kay, B. P.; Khoo, T. L.; Lauritsen, T.; McCutchan, E. A.; Nair, C.; Rogers, A. M.; Seweryniak, D.] Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Chiara, C. J.] Univ Maryland, Dept Chem & Biochem, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Hartley, D. J.] US Naval Acad, Dept Phys, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Kondev, FG (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM kondev@anl.gov RI Carpenter, Michael/E-4287-2015; OI Carpenter, Michael/0000-0002-3237-5734; Chen, Jun/0000-0003-0447-7466 FU U.S. Department of Energy; Office of Nuclear Physics [DE-AC02- 06CH11357, DE-FG02-94-ER40834]; U.S. National Science Foundation [PHY-1203100] FX This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Nuclear Physics, under Contract No. DE-AC02- 06CH11357 and Grant No. DE-FG02-94-ER40834, and the U.S. National Science Foundation, under Grant No. PHY-1203100. NR 23 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU E D P SCIENCES PI CEDEX A PA 17 AVE DU HOGGAR PARC D ACTIVITES COUTABOEUF BP 112, F-91944 CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 2100-014X J9 EPJ WEB CONF PY 2013 VL 63 AR UNSP 01013 DI 10.1051/epjconf/20136301013 PG 4 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BB2UN UT WOS:000342354700013 ER PT S AU Lee, BQ Kibedi, T Stuchbery, AE Robertson, KA Kondev, FG AF Lee, B. Q. Kibedi, T. Stuchbery, A. E. Robertson, K. A. Kondev, F. G. BE Simenel, C Evers, M Kibedi, T Luong, DH Reed, M Srncik, M Wallner, A TI A Model to Realize the Potential of Auger Electrons for Radiotherapy SO HEAVY ION ACCELERATOR SYMPOSIUM 2013 SE EPJ Web of Conferences LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Heavy Ion Accelerator CY APR 08-12, 2013 CL Canberra, AUSTRALIA ID CONVERSION COEFFICIENTS; SPECTRA; RADIONUCLIDES; PROBABILITIES; IONIZATION; PACKAGE; DECAY AB Auger-electron-emitting radioisotopes provide a unique tool that enables the targeted irradiation of a small volume in their immediate vicinity. Over the last forty years, Auger emission has been established as a promising form of molecular radiotherapy, and it has recently made the transition from the laboratory to the clinic. In this paper we review the physical processes of Auger emission in nuclear decay and present a new model being developed to evaluate the energy spectrum of Auger electrons from radioisotopes. C1 [Lee, B. Q.; Kibedi, T.; Stuchbery, A. E.; Robertson, K. A.] Australian Natl Univ, Dept Nucl Phys, GPO Box 4, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia. [Kondev, F. G.] Argonne Natl Lab, Nuclear Engn Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Lee, BQ (reprint author), Australian Natl Univ, Dept Nucl Phys, GPO Box 4, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia. EM boon.lee@anu.edu.au FU U.S. Department of Energy; Office of Nuclear Physics [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX The authors are much indebted to Dr. A. Kovalik and Dr. A. Inoyatov from the Laboratory of Nuclear Problems, Dubna, for providing the experimental data of Auger energy spectra in Figure 2 and 3. Work at ANL was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Nuclear Physics, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. NR 27 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 1 PU E D P SCIENCES PI CEDEX A PA 17 AVE DU HOGGAR PARC D ACTIVITES COUTABOEUF BP 112, F-91944 CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 2100-014X J9 EPJ WEB CONF PY 2013 VL 63 AR UNSP 01002 DI 10.1051/epjconf/20136301002 PG 5 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BB2UN UT WOS:000342354700002 ER PT S AU Marchi, T de Angelis, G Baugher, T Bazin, D Berryman, J Bonaccorso, A Clark, R Coraggio, L Covello, A Crawford, H Doncel, M Farnea, E Gade, A Gadea, A Gargano, A Glasmacher, T Gottardo, A Gramegna, F Itaco, N Kumar, R Lenzi, SM McDaniel, S Michelagnoli, C Napoli, DR Quintana, B Ratkiewicz, A Recchia, F Sahin, E Stroberg, R Valiente-Dobon, JJ Weisshaar, D Wimmer, K Winkler, R AF Marchi, T. de Angelis, G. Baugher, T. Bazin, D. Berryman, J. Bonaccorso, A. Clark, R. Coraggio, L. Covello, A. Crawford, H. Doncel, M. Farnea, E. Gade, A. Gadea, A. Gargano, A. Glasmacher, T. Gottardo, A. Gramegna, F. Itaco, N. Kumar, R. Lenzi, S. M. McDaniel, S. Michelagnoli, C. Napoli, D. R. Quintana, B. Ratkiewicz, A. Recchia, F. Sahin, E. Stroberg, R. Valiente-Dobon, J. J. Weisshaar, D. Wimmer, K. Winkler, R. BE Simenel, C Evers, M Kibedi, T Luong, DH Reed, M Srncik, M Wallner, A TI Probing core polarization around Ni-78: intermediate energy Coulomb excitation of Ni-74 SO HEAVY ION ACCELERATOR SYMPOSIUM 2013 SE EPJ Web of Conferences LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Heavy Ion Accelerator CY APR 08-12, 2013 CL Canberra, AUSTRALIA ID RARE-ISOTOPE BEAMS AB The study of the evolution of nuclear shells far from stability provides fundamental information about the shape and symmetry of the nuclear mean field. Nuclei with large neutron/proton ratio allow to probe the density dependence of the effective interaction. Indeed, it was recently shown that tensor and three-body forces play an important role in breaking and creating magic numbers. Of particular interest is the region of Ni-74 where the large neutron excess coincides with a double shell closure. We have recently measured the B(E2; 0(+)-> 2(+)) of the Ni-74 nucleus in an intermediate-energy Coulomb excitation experiment performed at the National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory of the Michigan State University. The Ni-74 secondary beam has been produced by fragmentation of Kr-86 at 140 AMeV on a thick Be target. Selected radioactive fragments impinged on a secondary Au-197 target where the measurement of the emitted gamma-rays allows to extract the Coulomb excitation cross section and related structure information. Preliminary B(E2) values do not point towards an enhancement of the transition matrix element and the comparison to what was already measured by Aoi and co-workers in opens new scenarios in the interpretation of the shell evolution of the Z=28 isotopes. C1 [Marchi, T.; de Angelis, G.; Gottardo, A.; Gramegna, F.; Napoli, D. R.; Sahin, E.; Valiente-Dobon, J. J.] INFN Legnaro Natl Labs, Legnaro, Pd, Italy. [Marchi, T.; Gottardo, A.; Lenzi, S. M.; Michelagnoli, C.; Recchia, F.] Univ Padua, Dept Phys, Padua, Italy. [Baugher, T.; Bazin, D.; Berryman, J.; Gade, A.; Glasmacher, T.; McDaniel, S.; Ratkiewicz, A.; Stroberg, R.; Weisshaar, D.; Wimmer, K.; Winkler, R.] Michigan State Univ, NSCL, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Bonaccorso, A.; Kumar, R.] INFN Pisa, Pisa, Italy. [Clark, R.; Crawford, H.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Coraggio, L.; Covello, A.; Gargano, A.; Itaco, N.] INFN Naples, Naples, Italy. [Covello, A.; Itaco, N.] Univ Naples Federico II, Dept Phys, Naples, Italy. [Kumar, R.] Deenbandhu Chhoturam Univ, Dept Phys, Sonepat 131039, Haryana, India. [Doncel, M.; Quintana, B.] Univ Salamanca, Ionizing Radiat Lab, Salamanca, Spain. [Farnea, E.; Lenzi, S. M.; Michelagnoli, C.; Recchia, F.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Padua, Italy. [Gadea, A.] CSIC IFIC, Valencia, Spain. RP Marchi, T (reprint author), INFN Legnaro Natl Labs, Legnaro, Pd, Italy. EM tommaso.marchi@lnl.infn.it RI Glasmacher, Thomas/H-9673-2014; Gadea, Andres/L-8529-2014; Gramegna, Fabiana/B-1377-2012; Coraggio, Luigi/P-4857-2015; Itaco, Nunzio/C-3838-2009; Marchi, Tommaso/A-8545-2012; Napoli, Daniel R./D-9863-2012; OI Glasmacher, Thomas/0000-0001-9436-2448; Gadea, Andres/0000-0002-4233-1970; Gramegna, Fabiana/0000-0001-6112-0602; Coraggio, Luigi/0000-0002-4327-9107; Itaco, Nunzio/0000-0002-9508-2613; Marchi, Tommaso/0000-0001-7339-8185; Napoli, Daniel R./0000-0002-8154-6958; Recchia, Francesco/0000-0002-8428-0112 FU Centro Universitario Cattolico (CEI) FX We would like to thank the NSCL Cyclotron operators and the beam physics group for the many efforts done to provide such a difficult beam. One of the authors, T. Marchi, is also grateful to Centro Universitario Cattolico (CEI) for the financial support to this activity. NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU E D P SCIENCES PI CEDEX A PA 17 AVE DU HOGGAR PARC D ACTIVITES COUTABOEUF BP 112, F-91944 CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 2100-014X J9 EPJ WEB CONF PY 2013 VL 63 AR UNSP 01021 DI 10.1051/epjconf/20136301021 PG 4 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BB2UN UT WOS:000342354700021 ER PT S AU Randrup, J Moller, P AF Randrup, Jorgen Moeller, Peter BE Simenel, C Evers, M Kibedi, T Luong, DH Reed, M Srncik, M Wallner, A TI Brownian shape dynamics in fission SO HEAVY ION ACCELERATOR SYMPOSIUM 2013 SE EPJ Web of Conferences LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Heavy Ion Accelerator CY APR 08-12, 2013 CL Canberra, AUSTRALIA ID NUCLEAR-FISSION; DISINTEGRATION AB It was recently shown that remarkably accurate fission-fragment mass distributions are obtained by treating the nuclear shape evolution as a Brownian walk on previously calculated five-dimensional potential-energy surfaces; the current status of this novel method is described here. C1 [Randrup, Jorgen] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Theoret Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Randrup, J (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM JRandrup@LBL.gov OI Moller, Peter/0000-0002-5848-3565 FU U.S. Department of Energy is Office of Science [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; JUSTIPEN/UT [DE-FG02-06ER41407]; National Nuclear Security Administration; U.S. Department of Energy at Los Alamos National Laboratory [DE-AC52-06NA25396] FX This work was supported by the Office of Nuclear Physics in the U.S. Department of Energy is Office of Science under Contract DE-AC02-05CH11231 (JR) and JUSTIPEN/UT grant DE-FG02-06ER41407 (PM), and by the National Nuclear Security Administration of the U.S. Department of Energy at Los Alamos National Laboratory under Contract No. DE-AC52-06NA25396 (PM). NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU E D P SCIENCES PI CEDEX A PA 17 AVE DU HOGGAR PARC D ACTIVITES COUTABOEUF BP 112, F-91944 CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 2100-014X J9 EPJ WEB CONF PY 2013 VL 63 AR UNSP 02009 DI 10.1051/epjconf/20136302009 PG 7 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BB2UN UT WOS:000342354700031 ER PT S AU Brown, KG Arnold, J Sarkar, S Flach, G van der Sloot, H Meeussen, JCL Kosson, DS AF Brown, K. G. Arnold, J. Sarkar, S. Flach, G. van der Sloot, H. Meeussen, J. C. L. Kosson, D. S. BE LHostis, V Gens, R TI Modeling Carbonation of High-Level Waste Tank Integrity and Closure SO INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP NUCPERF 2012: LONG-TERM PERFORMANCE OF CEMENTITIOUS BARRIERS AND REINFORCED CONCRETE IN NUCLEAR POWER PLANT AND RADIOACTIVE WASTE STORAGE AND DISPOSAL (RILEM EVENT TC 226-CNM AND EFC EVENT 351) SE EPJ Web of Conferences LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Workshop on NUCPERF CY NOV 12-15, 2012 CL Cadarache, FRANCE SP European Federat Corros, Nucl Corros (WP 4) Working Party, CEA, ONDRAF NIRAS, RILEM, Nucl Energy Agcy, MINOS AB The Cementitious Barriers Partnership (CBP) is focused on reducing uncertainties in current methodologies for assessing cementitious barrier performance and increasing the consistency and transparency in the assessment process. One important set of US Department of Energy challenges is assessing the integrity and closure of the high-level waste (HLW) tanks that currently store millions of gallons of highly radioactive wastes. Many of these tanks are decades past their design lives, have leaked or been overfilled, and must be emptied and closed to satisfy regulatory agreements. Carbonation-induced corrosion has been identified as a primary degradation and possible failure mechanism for the HLW tanks prior to closure. After closure the impact of carbonation (and concurrent oxidation) may be to increase the release and short-range transport of contaminants of concern. HLW tanks may be significantly empty for many years (and possibly decades) prior to closure; the performance of the closed tank over centuries, if not millennia, must be assessed to evaluate the potential release of residual radionuclides to the environment. CBP is developing models to evaluate a representative HLW tank closure scenario including the potential impacts of carbonation on waste tanks prior to and post closure. CBP modeling tools, including LeachXS (TM)/ORCHESTRA, are being used to simulate waste tank carbonation, major constituent leaching, and contaminant releases to evaluate the source term and near-field conditions. Simulations presented here include sensitivity analysis for uncracked concrete to varying input parameters including composition, effective diffusivities, and thermodynamic parameters. C1 [Brown, K. G.; Arnold, J.; Sarkar, S.; Kosson, D. S.] Vanderbilt Univ, Sch Engn & CRESP 3, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. [Flach, G.] Savannah River Ecol Lab, Aiken, SC 29808 USA. [van der Sloot, H.] Hansvan Sloot Consultancy, NL-1721 BV Langedijk, Netherlands. [Meeussen, J. C. L.] NRG, Nucl Res & Consultancy Grp, NL-1755 ZG Petten, Netherlands. RP Brown, KG (reprint author), Vanderbilt Univ, Sch Engn & CRESP 3, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. FU U. S. Department of Energy (DOE) [DE-FC01-06EW07053]; 'The Consortium for Risk Evaluation with Stakeholder Participation III' awarded to Vanderbilt University; U. S. DOE [DE-AI09-09SR22667]; Savannah River National Laboratory; Savannah River Nuclear Solutions; U.S. DOE Office of Environmental Management; Department of Energy or Vanderbilt University FX This paper was prepared with the financial support by the U. S. Department of Energy (DOE), under Cooperative Agreement Number DE-FC01-06EW07053 entitled 'The Consortium for Risk Evaluation with Stakeholder Participation III' awarded to Vanderbilt University. This work was also supported by the U. S. DOE under Interagency Agreement No. DE-AI09-09SR22667 to Savannah River National Laboratory managed by Savannah River Nuclear Solutions. This research was carried out as part of the Cementitious Barriers Partnership supported by the U.S. DOE Office of Environmental Management. The opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed herein are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the Department of Energy or Vanderbilt University. NR 20 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU E D P SCIENCES PI CEDEX A PA 17 AVE DU HOGGAR PARC D ACTIVITES COUTABOEUF BP 112, F-91944 CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 2100-014X BN 978-2-7598-1046-8 J9 EPJ WEB CONF PY 2013 VL 56 AR UNSP 05003 DI 10.1051/epjconf/20135605003 PG 10 WC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering, Mechanical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering; Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA BB2UF UT WOS:000342340900024 ER PT S AU Elliott, SR Abgrall, N Aguayo, E Avignone, FT Barabash, AS Bertrand, FE Boswell, M Brudanin, V Busch, M Caldwell, AS Chan, YD Christofferson, CD Combs, DC Detwiler, JA Doe, PJ Efremenko, Y Egorov, V Ejiri, H Esterline, J Fast, JE Finnerty, P Fraenkle, FM Galindo-Uribarri, A Giovanetti, GK Goett, J Green, MP Gruszko, J Guiseppe, VE Gusev, K Hailin, AL Hazama, R Hegai, A Henning, R Hoppe, EW Howard, S Howe, MA Keeter, KJ Kidd, MF Kochetov, O Konovalov, SI Kouzes, RT LaFerriere, BD Leon, J Leviner, LE Loach, JC MacMullin, S Martin, RD Mertens, S Mizouni, L Nomachi, M Orrell, JL O'Shaughnessy, C Overman, NR Phillips, DG Poon, AWP Pushkin, K Radford, DC Rielage, K Robertson, RGH Ronquest, MC Schubert, AG Shanks, B Shima, T Shirchenko, M Snavely, KJ Snyder, N Soin, A Strain, J Suriano, AM Timkin, V Tornow, W Varner, RL Vasilyev, S Vetter, K Vorren, K White, BR Wilkerson, JF Xu, W Yakushev, E Young, AR Yu, CH Yumatov, V AF Elliott, S. R. Abgrall, N. Aguayo, E. Avignone, F. T., III Barabash, A. S. Bertrand, F. E. Boswell, M. Brudanin, V. Busch, M. Caldwell, A. S. Chan, Y-D. Christofferson, C. D. Combs, D. C. Detwiler, J. A. Doe, P. J. Efremenko, Yu. Egorov, V. Ejiri, H. Esterline, J. Fast, J. E. Finnerty, P. Fraenkle, F. M. Galindo-Uribarri, A. Giovanetti, G. K. Goett, J. Green, M. P. Gruszko, J. Guiseppe, V. E. Gusev, K. Hailin, A. L. Hazama, R. Hegai, A. Henning, R. Hoppe, E. W. Howard, S. Howe, M. A. Keeter, K. J. Kidd, M. F. Kochetov, O. Konovalov, S. I. Kouzes, R. T. LaFerriere, B. D. Leon, J. Leviner, L. E. Loach, J. C. MacMullin, S. Martin, R. D. Mertens, S. Mizouni, L. Nomachi, M. Orrell, J. L. O'Shaughnessy, C. Overman, N. R. Phillips, D. G., II Poon, A. W. P. Pushkin, K. Radford, D. C. Rielage, K. Robertson, R. G. H. Ronquest, M. C. Schubert, A. G. Shanks, B. Shima, T. Shirchenko, M. Snavely, K. J. Snyder, N. Soin, A. Strain, J. Suriano, A. M. Timkin, V. Tornow, W. Varner, R. L. Vasilyev, S. Vetter, K. Vorren, K. White, B. R. Wilkerson, J. F. Xu, W. Yakushev, E. Young, A. R. Yu, C. -H. Yumatov, V. BE Civitarese, O Stekl, I Suhonen, J TI The MAJORANA DEMONSTRATOR: A Search for Neutrinoless Double-beta Decay of Germanium-76 SO WORKSHOP ON CALCULATION OF DOUBLE-BETA-DECAY MATRIX ELEMENTS (MEDEX '13) SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Workshop on Calculation of Double-beta-decay Matrix Elements (MEDEX) CY JUN 11-14, 2013 CL Prague, CZECH REPUBLIC SP Czech Tech Univ DE neutrino; double-beta; germanium AB The MAJORANA collaboration is searching for neutrinoless double beta decay using Ge-76, which has been shown to have a number of advantages in terms of sensitivities and backgrounds. The observation of neutrinoless double-beta decay would show that lepton number is violated and that neutrinos are Majorana particles and would simultaneously provide information on neutrino mass. Attaining sensitivities for neutrino masses in the inverted hierarchy region, 15 - 50 meV, will require large, tonne-scale detectors with extremely low backgrounds, at the level of similar to 1 count/t-y or lower in the region of the signal. The MAJORANA collaboration, with funding support from DOE Office of Nuclear Physics and NSF Particle Astrophysics, is constructing the DEMONSTRATOR, an array consisting of 40 kg of p-type point-contact high-purity germanium (HPGe) detectors, of which similar to 30 kg will be enriched to 87% in Ge-76. The DEMONSTRATOR is being constructed in a clean room laboratory facility at the 4850' level (4300 m.w.e.) of the Sanford Underground Research Facility (SURF) in Lead, SD. It utilizes a compact graded shield approach with the inner portion consisting of ultra-clean Cu that is being electroformed and machined underground. The primary aim of the DEMONSTRATOR is to show the feasibility of a future tonne-scale measurement in terms of backgrounds and scalability. C1 [Elliott, S. R.; Boswell, M.; Goett, J.; Rielage, K.; Ronquest, M. C.; Xu, W.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. [Abgrall, N.; Chan, Y-D.; Martin, R. D.; Mertens, S.; Poon, A. W. P.; Vetter, K.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Berkeley, CA USA. [Aguayo, E.; Fast, J. E.; Hoppe, E. W.; Kouzes, R. T.; LaFerriere, B. D.; Mizouni, L.; Orrell, J. L.; Overman, N. R.; Soin, A.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA USA. [Avignone, F. T., III; Mizouni, L.] Univ S Carolina, Dept Phys & Astron, Columbia, SC USA. [Avignone, F. T., III; Bertrand, F. E.; Galindo-Uribarri, A.; Radford, D. C.; Varner, R. L.; White, B. R.; Wilkerson, J. F.; Yu, C. -H.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. [Barabash, A. S.; Konovalov, S. I.; Yumatov, V.] Inst Theoret & Expt Phys, Moscow, Russia. [Egorov, V.; Gusev, K.; Shirchenko, M.; Timkin, V.; Yakushev, E.] Joint Nucl Res Inst, Dubna, Russia. [Busch, M.; Esterline, J.] Duke Univ, Dept Phys, Durham, NC USA. [Busch, M.; Combs, D. C.; Esterline, J.; Finnerty, P.; Fraenkle, F. M.; Giovanetti, G. K.; Green, M. P.; Henning, R.; Howe, M. A.; Leviner, L. E.; MacMullin, S.; O'Shaughnessy, C.; Phillips, D. G., II; Shanks, B.; Snavely, K. J.; Strain, J.; Tornow, W.; Vorren, K.; Wilkerson, J. F.; Young, A. R.] Triangle Univ Nucl Lab, Durham, NC USA. [Caldwell, A. S.; Christofferson, C. D.; Howard, S.; Suriano, A. M.] S Dakata Sch Mines & Technol, Rapid City, SD USA. [Combs, D. C.; Leviner, L. E.; Phillips, D. G., II; Young, A. R.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Phys, Raleigh, NC USA. [Detwiler, J. A.; Doe, P. J.; Gruszko, J.; Leon, J.; Robertson, R. G. H.; Schubert, A. G.] Univ Washington, Ctr Exp Nucl Phys & Astrophys, Seattle, WA USA. [Detwiler, J. A.; Doe, P. J.; Gruszko, J.; Leon, J.; Robertson, R. G. H.; Schubert, A. G.] Univ Washington, Dept Phys, Seattle, WA USA. [Efremenko, Yu.; Vasilyev, S.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN USA. [Ejiri, H.; Hazama, R.; Nomachi, M.; Shima, T.] Osaka Univ, Res Ctr Nucl Phys, Osaka, Japan. [Finnerty, P.; Fraenkle, F. M.; Giovanetti, G. K.; Green, M. P.; Henning, R.; Howe, M. A.; MacMullin, S.; O'Shaughnessy, C.; Shanks, B.; Snavely, K. J.; Strain, J.; Vorren, K.; Wilkerson, J. F.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Phys & Astron, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Guiseppe, V. E.; Pushkin, K.] Univ S Dakota, Dept Earth Sci & Phys, Vermillion, SD USA. [Hailin, A. L.] Univ Alberta, Ctr Particle Theory, Edmonton, AB, Canada. [Keeter, K. J.] Black Hills State Univ, Dept Phys, Spearfish, SD USA. [Kidd, M. F.] Tennessee Technol Univ, Cookeville, TN USA. [Loach, J. C.] Shandong Jiaotong Univ, Shanghai, Peoples R China. [Vetter, K.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Nucl Engn, Berkeley, CA USA. RP Elliott, SR (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. RI Xu, Wenqin/H-7553-2014; radford, David/A-3928-2015; Barabash, Alexander/S-8851-2016; OI Xu, Wenqin/0000-0002-5976-4991; Green, Matthew/0000-0002-1958-8030; Rielage, Keith/0000-0002-7392-7152 FU DOE Office of Science [DE-AC02-05CH11231, DE-FG02-97ER41041, DE-FG02-97ER41033, DE-FG02-97ER4104, DE-FG02-97ER41042, DE-SCOO05054, DE-FG02-10ER41715, DE-FG02-97ER41020]; National Science Foundation [PHY-0919270, PHY-1003940, 0855314, PHY-1202950, MRI 0923142, 1003399]; Russian Foundation for Basic Research [12-02-12112]; U.S. Department of Energy FX We acknowledge support from the Office of Nuclear Physics in the DOE Office of Science under grant numbers DE-AC02-05CH11231, DE-FG02-97ER41041, DE-FG02-97ER41033, DE-FG02-97ER4104, DE-FG02-97ER41042, DE-SCOO05054, DE-FG02-10ER41715, and DE-FG02-97ER41020. We acknowledge support from the Particle and Nuclear Astrophysics Program of the National Science Foundation through grant numbers PHY-0919270, PHY-1003940, 0855314, PHY-1202950, MRI 0923142 and 1003399. We gratefully acknowledge support from the Russian Foundation for Basic Research, grant No. 12-02-12112. We gratefully acknowledge the support of the U.S. Department of Energy through the LANL/LDRD Program. NR 10 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-1200-2 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2013 VL 1572 BP 45 EP 48 DI 10.1063/1.4856546 PG 4 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA BB2TK UT WOS:000342295600011 ER PT S AU Kay, BP AF Kay, B. P. BE Civitarese, O Stekl, I Suhonen, J TI Nuclear structure relevant to neutrinoless double beta decay candidate Te-130 and other recent results SO WORKSHOP ON CALCULATION OF DOUBLE-BETA-DECAY MATRIX ELEMENTS (MEDEX '13) SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Workshop on Calculation of Double-beta-decay Matrix Elements (MEDEX) CY JUN 11-14, 2013 CL Prague, CZECH REPUBLIC SP Czech Tech Univ DE Double beta decay; nuclear structure; nuclear matrix elements ID ORBITAL OCCUPANCIES AB We have undertaken a series of single-nucleon and pair transfer reaction measurements to help constrain calculations of the nuclear matrix elements for neutrinoless double beta decay. In this talk, a short overview of measurements relevant to the Te-130 -> Xe-130 system is given. Brief mention is made of other recent and forthcoming results. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Kay, BP (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 23 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-1200-2 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2013 VL 1572 BP 65 EP 68 DI 10.1063/1.4856551 PG 4 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA BB2TK UT WOS:000342295600016 ER PT S AU Chartrand, R Sidky, EY Pan, XC AF Chartrand, Rick Sidky, Emil Y. Pan, Xiaochuan BE Matthews, MB TI Nonconvex compressive sensing for X-ray CT: an algorithm comparison SO 2013 ASILOMAR CONFERENCE ON SIGNALS, SYSTEMS AND COMPUTERS SE Conference Record of the Asilomar Conference on Signals Systems and Computers LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 47th Asilomar Conference on Signals, Systems, and Computers CY NOV 03-06, 2013 CL Pacific Grove, CA SP IEEE Signal Proc Soc ID ITERATIVE IMAGE-RECONSTRUCTION; SPARSE DECOMPOSITION; MINIMIZATION AB Compressive sensing makes it possible to reconstruct images from severely underdetermined linear systems. For X-ray CT, this can allow high-quality images to be reconstructed from projections along few angles, reducing patient dose, as well as enable other forms of limited-view tomography such as tomosynthesis. Many previous results have shown that using nonconvex optimization can greatly improve the results obtained from compressive sensing, and several efficient algorithms have been developed for this purpose. In this paper, we examine some recent algorithms for CT image reconstruction that solve nonconvex optimization problems, and compare their reconstruction performance and computational efficiency. C1 [Chartrand, Rick] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Sidky, Emil Y.; Pan, Xiaochuan] Univ Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. RP Chartrand, R (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM rickc@lanl.gov; sidky@uchicago.edu; xpan@uchicago.edu FU U.S. Department of Energy through the LANL/LDRD Program; University of California Laboratory Fees Research Program; NIH [CA158446, CA120540, EB000225] FX The work of RC was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy through the LANL/LDRD Program, and by the University of California Laboratory Fees Research Program. The work of EYS and XP was supported in part by NIH R01grants CA158446, CA120540, and EB000225. The contents of this article are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of the NIH. NR 37 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1058-6393 BN 978-1-4799-2390-8 J9 CONF REC ASILOMAR C PY 2013 BP 665 EP 669 PG 5 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Computer Science; Engineering; Telecommunications GA BB2HD UT WOS:000341772900122 ER PT S AU Moody, DI Smith, DA Light, TE Heavner, MJ Hamlin, TD Suszcynsky, DM AF Moody, Daniela I. Smith, David A. Light, Tess E. Heavner, Matthew J. Hamlin, Timothy D. Suszcynsky, David M. BE Matthews, MB TI Signal classification of satellite-based recordings of radiofrequency (RF) transients using data-adaptive dictionaries SO 2013 ASILOMAR CONFERENCE ON SIGNALS, SYSTEMS AND COMPUTERS SE Conference Record of the Asilomar Conference on Signals Systems and Computers LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 47th Asilomar Conference on Signals, Systems and Computers CY NOV 03-06, 2013 CL Pacific Grove, CA SP IEEE Signal Proc Soc DE RF transient classification; chirplets; learned dictionaries; over-complete dictionaries; sparse classification; sparse representation AB Ongoing research at Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) studies the Earth's radiofrequency (RF) background utilizing satellite-based RF observations of terrestrial lightning. The Fast On-orbit Recording of Transient Events (FORTE) satellite provided a rich satellite lightning database, that has been previously used for some event classification. We now develop and implement new event classification capability on the FORTE database using state-of-the-art adaptive signal processing combined with compressive sensing and machine learning techniques. The focus of our work is improved feature extraction using sparse representations in data-adaptive dictionaries. We explore two dictionary approaches: dictionaries learned directly from data, and analytical, over-complete dictionaries. Discriminative dictionaries learned directly from data do not rely on analytical constraints or knowledge about the signal characteristics, and provide sparse representations that can perform well when used with a statistical classifier. Pursuit-type decompositions over analytical, over-complete dictionaries yield sparse representations by design and can work well for signals in the same function class as the dictionary atoms. We present preliminary results of our work and discuss performance and future development. C1 [Moody, Daniela I.; Smith, David A.; Light, Tess E.; Heavner, Matthew J.; Hamlin, Timothy D.; Suszcynsky, David M.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Moody, DI (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. OI Moody, Daniela/0000-0002-4452-8208 NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1058-6393 BN 978-1-4799-2390-8 J9 CONF REC ASILOMAR C PY 2013 BP 1291 EP 1295 PG 5 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Computer Science; Engineering; Telecommunications GA BB2HD UT WOS:000341772900235 ER PT J AU Giancardo, L Meriaudeau, F Karnowski, TP Tobin, KW Chaum, E AF Giancardo, L. Meriaudeau, F. Karnowski, T. P. Tobin, K. W. Chaum, E. BE Rodrigues, PP Pechenizkiy, M Gama, J Correia, RC Liu, J Traina, A Lucas, P Soda, P TI Validation of Microaneurysm-based Diabetic Retinopathy Screening across Retina Fundus Datasets SO 2013 IEEE 26TH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON COMPUTER-BASED MEDICAL SYSTEMS (CBMS) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 26th IEEE International Symposium on Computer-Based Medical Systems (CBMS) CY JUN 20-22, 2013 CL Univ Porto, Porto, PORTUGAL SP IEEE, Univ Porto, Fac Med, IEEE, Comp Soc, IEEE, Portugal Sect HO Univ Porto ID TRANSFORM; IMAGES AB In recent years, automated retina image analysis (ARIA) algorithms have received increasing interest by the medical imaging analysis community. Particular attention has been given to techniques able to automate the pre-screening of Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) using inexpensive retina fundus cameras. With the growing number of diabetics worldwide, these techniques have the potential benefits of broad-based, inexpensive screening. The contribution of this paper is twofold: first, we propose a straightforward pipeline from microaneurysm (an early sign of DR) detection to automatic classification of DR without employing any additional features; then, we quantify the generalisation ability of the MA detection method by employing synthetic examples and, more importantly, we experiment with two public datasets which consist of more than 1,350 images graded as normal or showing signs of DR. With cross-datasets tests, we obtained results better or comparable to other recent methods. Since our experiments are performed only on publicly available datasets, our results are directly comparable with those of other research groups. C1 [Giancardo, L.] Ist Italiano Tecnol, I-16163 Genoa, Italy. [Meriaudeau, F.] Univ Bourgogne, Le2i, F-71200 Le Creusot, France. [Karnowski, T. P.; Tobin, K. W.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Chaum, E.] UTHSC, Hamilton Eye Inst, Memphis, TN 38163 USA. RP Giancardo, L (reprint author), Ist Italiano Tecnol, Via Morego 30, I-16163 Genoa, Italy. EM luca.giancardo@iit.it OI Giancardo, Luca/0000-0002-4862-2277 NR 16 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4799-1053-3 PY 2013 BP 125 EP 130 PG 6 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BB2BB UT WOS:000341591900021 ER PT J AU Cross, EJ Worden, K Farrar, CR AF Cross, E. J. Worden, K. Farrar, C. R. BE Haldar, A TI Structural Health Monitoring for Civil Infrastructure SO HEALTH ASSESSMENT OF ENGINEERED STRUCTURES: BRIDGES, BUILDINGS AND OTHER INFRASTRUCTURES LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID DAMAGE DETECTION; STOCHASTIC SUBSPACE; IDENTIFICATION; BRIDGE; TECHNOLOGY; Z24-BRIDGE; BENCHMARK; NETWORKS; DYNAMICS AB This article is intended as an introduction to structural health monitoring (SHM) and attempts to cover many of the issues and challenges faced by those who wish to implement it. A main focus will be on the application of SHM to civil infrastructure. Because of the differences in scale between civil structures and aerospace structures and the fact that the former always operate in uncertain uncontrolled environments, SHM for civil infrastructure presents particular challenges which are discussed here. Because of the lack of failure data for real structures, developmental research for civil SHM is reliant on large-scale benchmarking exercises and some of the most comprehensive and successful are described here with some case study material presented for one of them - the Z24 bridge. The paper also discusses some of the major barriers to implementation for automated SHM. C1 [Cross, E. J.; Worden, K.] Univ Sheffield, Dept Mech Engn, Dynam Res Grp, Sheffield S1 3JD, S Yorkshire, England. [Farrar, C. R.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Engn Inst, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Cross, EJ (reprint author), Univ Sheffield, Dept Mech Engn, Dynam Res Grp, Mappin St, Sheffield S1 3JD, S Yorkshire, England. EM e.j.cross@sheffield.ac.uk NR 57 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA PO BOX 128 FARRER RD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE BN 978-981-4439-02-2 PY 2013 BP 1 EP 31 PG 31 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA BB1XW UT WOS:000341447600002 ER PT J AU Brigham, K Kumar, BVKV Rao, NSV AF Brigham, Katharine Kumar, B. V. K. Vijaya Rao, Nageswara S. V. GP IEEE TI Learning-Based Approaches to Nonlinear Multisensor Fusion in Target Tracking SO 2013 16TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INFORMATION FUSION (FUSION) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 16th International Conference on Information Fusion (FUSION) CY JUL 09-12, 2013 CL Istanbul, TURKEY SP HAVELSAN, METEKSAN SAVUNMA, TUBITAK, METRON Sci Solut, Off Naval Res Global Sci & Technol, Ankara Univ, Sabanci Univ, STM, TAI, ASELSAN, Koc Bilgi Savunma Teknolojileri A S, Kale Havacilik, Int Soc Infromat Fus, IEEE, AESS DE state fusion; neural networks; nonlinear fusers; learning-based ID NEURAL-NETWORKS AB We consider a network of sensors wherein the state estimates are sent from the sensors to the fusion center to generate a global state estimate. Conventionally, state estimates are linearly combined to produce the global (fused) state estimate, but the use of nonlinear fusers in multisensor fusion for target tracking has been fairly unexplored. In this work, we compare several learning-based nonlinear fusers (namely, Artificial Neural Networks, Support Vector Regression, the Nadaraya-Watson estimator, and the Nearest Neighbor Projective Fuser) in system-level simulations under two different scenarios: one where the target is a ballistic target in the coast phase, and in the other the target is performing a maneuver. Results demonstrate that several of these learning-based fusers are able to outperform linear fusion. In addition, we propose a modification to one of the nonlinear fusers to incorporate additional information that we have about the input data, which appears to result in better generalization capabilities for the Artificial Neural Network Fuser and superior performance. C1 [Brigham, Katharine; Kumar, B. V. K. Vijaya] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. [Rao, Nageswara S. V.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Brigham, K (reprint author), Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. EM kbrigham@ece.cmu.edu; kumar@ece.cmu.edu; raons@ornl.gov OI Rao, Nageswara/0000-0002-3408-5941 NR 33 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-605-86311-1-3 PY 2013 BP 1320 EP 1327 PG 8 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BB1UM UT WOS:000341370000175 ER PT J AU Liu, Q Wang, X Rao, NSV AF Liu, Qiang Wang, Xin Rao, Nageswara S. V. GP IEEE TI Staggered Scheduling of Estimation and Fusion in Long-Haul Sensor Networks SO 2013 16TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INFORMATION FUSION (FUSION) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 16th International Conference on Information Fusion (FUSION) CY JUL 09-12, 2013 CL Istanbul, TURKEY SP HAVELSAN, METEKSAN SAVUNMA, TUBITAK, METRON Sci Solut, Off Naval Res Global Sci & Technol, Ankara Univ, Sabanci Univ, STM, TAI, ASELSAN, Koc Bilgi Savunma Teknolojileri A S, Kale Havacilik, Int Soc Infromat Fus, IEEE, AESS DE Long-haul sensor networks; state estimate fusion; asynchronous and staggered estimation; staggered interval; intrastate and inter-state prediction and retrodiction; mean-square-error (MSE) performance; reporting latency AB In long-haul sensor networks, sensors are remotely deployed over a large geographical area to perform certain tasks. We study a class of such networks where sensors take measurements of one or more dynamic targets and send state estimates of the target(s) to a fusion center via long-haul satellite links. The severe loss and delay over the satellite channels can easily reduce the chance that an estimate is successfully received by the fusion center, thereby limiting the potential information fusion gain and resulting in suboptimal accuracy performance of the fused estimates. In this work, starting with the temporal-domain staggered estimation for an individual sensor, we explore the impact of the so-called intrastate prediction and retrodiction on estimation errors. We also investigate the effect of such estimation scheduling across different sensors on the spatial-domain fusion performance, where the sensors retain the same estimation frequency, but with possibly asynchronous estimation instants staggered over time. In particular, the impact of communication delay and loss on such scheduling is explored by means of numerical and simulation studies that demonstrate the validity of our analysis. C1 [Liu, Qiang; Wang, Xin] SUNY Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. [Rao, Nageswara S. V.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Liu, Q (reprint author), SUNY Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. EM qiangliu@ece.sunysb.edu; xwang@ece.sunysb.edu; raons@ornl.gov OI Rao, Nageswara/0000-0002-3408-5941 NR 17 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-605-86311-1-3 PY 2013 BP 1699 EP 1706 PG 8 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BB1UM UT WOS:000341370000226 ER PT S AU Anzt, H Tomov, S Dongarra, J Heuveline, V AF Anzt, Hartwig Tomov, Stanimire Dongarra, Jack Heuveline, Vincent BE Caragiannis, I Alexander, M Badia, RM Cannataro, M Costan, A Danelutto, M Desprez, F Krammer, B Sahuquillo, J Scott, SL Weidendorfer, J TI Weighted Block-Asynchronous Iteration on GPU-Accelerated Systems SO EURO-PAR 2012: PARALLEL PROCESSING WORKSHOPS SE Lecture Notes in Computer Science LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 18th International Conference on Euro-Par Parallel Processing CY AUG 27-31, 2012 CL Rhodes Island, GREECE SP Comp Technol Inst & Press Diophantus DE asynchronous relaxation; weighted block-asynchronous iteration methods; multigrid smoother; GPU ID CONVERGENCE; ALGORITHMS AB In this paper, we analyze the potential of using weights for block-asynchronous relaxation methods on GPUs. For this purpose, we introduce different weighting techniques similar to those applied in block-smoothers for multigrid methods. For test matrices taken from the University of Florida Matrix Collection we report the convergence behavior and the total runtime for the different techniques. Analyzing the results, we observe that using weights may accelerate the convergence rate of block-asynchronous iteration considerably. While component-wise relaxation methods are seldom directly applied to systems of linear equations, using them as smoother in a multigrid framework they often provide an important contribution to finite element solvers. Since the parallelization potential of the classical smoothers like SOR and Gauss-Seidel is usually very limited, replacing them by weighted block-asynchronous smoothers may be beneficial to the overall multigrid performance. Due to the increase of heterogeneity in today's architecture designs, the significance and the need for highly parallel asynchronous smoothers is expected to grow. C1 [Anzt, Hartwig; Heuveline, Vincent] Karlsruhe Inst Technol, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany. [Tomov, Stanimire; Dongarra, Jack] Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Dongarra, Jack] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. [Dongarra, Jack] Univ Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England. RP Anzt, H (reprint author), Karlsruhe Inst Technol, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany. EM hartwig.anzt@kit.edu; tomov@cs.utk.edu; dongarra@cs.utk.edu NR 19 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0302-9743 BN 978-3-642-36949-0 J9 LECT NOTES COMPUT SC PY 2013 VL 7640 BP 145 EP 154 PG 10 WC Computer Science, Software Engineering; Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Mathematical & Computational Biology SC Computer Science; Mathematical & Computational Biology GA BB1OF UT WOS:000341240400017 ER PT S AU Scott, SL Leangsuksun, C AF Scott, Stephen L. Leangsuksun, Chokchai (Box) BE Caragiannis, I Alexander, M Badia, RM Cannataro, M Costan, A Danelutto, M Desprez, F Krammer, B Sahuquillo, J Scott, SL Weidendorfer, J TI Workshop on Resiliency in High Performance Computing (Resilience) in Clusters, Clouds, and Grids SO EURO-PAR 2012: PARALLEL PROCESSING WORKSHOPS SE Lecture Notes in Computer Science LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 18th International Conference on Euro-Par Parallel Processing CY AUG 27-31, 2012 CL Rhodes Island, GREECE SP Comp Technol Inst & Press Diophantus C1 [Scott, Stephen L.] Tennessee Technol Univ, Stoneciphe Boeing Distinguished Prof Comp, Cookeville, TN 38505 USA. [Scott, Stephen L.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. [Leangsuksun, Chokchai (Box)] Louisiana Tech Univ, SWEPCO Endowed, Assoc Prof Comp Sci, Ruston, LA USA. RP Scott, SL (reprint author), Tennessee Technol Univ, Stoneciphe Boeing Distinguished Prof Comp, Cookeville, TN 38505 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0302-9743 BN 978-3-642-36949-0 J9 LECT NOTES COMPUT SC PY 2013 VL 7640 BP 461 EP + PG 2 WC Computer Science, Software Engineering; Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Mathematical & Computational Biology SC Computer Science; Mathematical & Computational Biology GA BB1OF UT WOS:000341240400051 ER PT S AU Ferreira, KB Riesen, R Arnold, D Ibtesham, D Brightwell, R AF Ferreira, Kurt B. Riesen, Rolf Arnold, Dorian Ibtesham, Dewan Brightwell, Ron BE Caragiannis, I Alexander, M Badia, RM Cannataro, M Costan, A Danelutto, M Desprez, F Krammer, B Sahuquillo, J Scott, SL Weidendorfer, J TI The Viability of Using Compression to Decrease Message Log Sizes SO EURO-PAR 2012: PARALLEL PROCESSING WORKSHOPS SE Lecture Notes in Computer Science LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 18th International Conference on Euro-Par Parallel Processing CY AUG 27-31, 2012 CL Rhodes Island, GREECE SP Comp Technol Inst & Press Diophantus ID SYSTEMS AB Fault-tolerance and its associated overheads are of great concern for current and future extreme-scale systems. The dominant mechanism used today, coordinated checkpoint/restart, places great demands on the I/O system and the method requires frequent synchronization. Uncoordinated checkpointing with message logging addresses many of these limitations at the cost of increasing the storage needed to hold message logs. These storage requirements are critical to the scalability of extreme-scale systems. In this paper, we investigate the viability of using standard compression algorithms to reduce message log sizes for a number of key high-performance computing workloads. Using these workloads we show that, while not be a universal solution for all applications, compression has the potential to significantly reduce message log sizes for a great number of important workloads. C1 [Ferreira, Kurt B.; Brightwell, Ron] Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Riesen, Rolf] IBM Res, Dublin, Ireland. [Arnold, Dorian; Ibtesham, Dewan] Univ New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. RP Ferreira, KB (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM kbferre@sandia.gov; rolf.riesen@ie.ibm.com; darnold@cs.unm.edu; dewan@cs.unm.edu; rbbrigh@sandia.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000]; Enterprise Partnership Scheme -IBM; Irish Research Council for Science, Engineering & Technology (IRCSET); Industrial Development Agency (IDA) Ireland FX Sandia National Laboratories is a multi-program laboratory managed and operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corporation, for the U.S. Department of Energys National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. This research was partially supported by an Enterprise Partnership Scheme grant co-funded by IBM, the Irish Research Council for Science, Engineering & Technology (IRCSET), and the Industrial Development Agency (IDA) Ireland. NR 23 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0302-9743 BN 978-3-642-36949-0 J9 LECT NOTES COMPUT SC PY 2013 VL 7640 BP 484 EP 493 PG 10 WC Computer Science, Software Engineering; Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Mathematical & Computational Biology SC Computer Science; Mathematical & Computational Biology GA BB1OF UT WOS:000341240400054 ER PT S AU Rao, NSV AF Rao, Nageswara S. V. BE Caragiannis, I Alexander, M Badia, RM Cannataro, M Costan, A Danelutto, M Desprez, F Krammer, B Sahuquillo, J Scott, SL Weidendorfer, J TI Resiliency in Exascale Systems and Computations Using Chaotic-Identity Maps SO EURO-PAR 2012: PARALLEL PROCESSING WORKSHOPS SE Lecture Notes in Computer Science LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 18th International Conference on Euro-Par Parallel Processing CY AUG 27-31, 2012 CL Rhodes Island, GREECE SP Comp Technol Inst & Press Diophantus DE Exascale systems; resiliency; chaotic maps; statistical estimation AB For exascale computing systems, we propose (i) light-weight computational modules that utilize chaotic computations and customized identity maps to detect component failures, and (ii) statistical estimation methods that generate robustness estimates for the system and computations based on the module outputs. The diagnosis modules execute multiple Poincare and identity maps, which are customized to detect certain classes of failures in the compute nodes and interconnects. We propose statistical methods that generate robustness estimates for the system using the outputs of pipelined chains of diagnosis modules. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Rao, NSV (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM raons@ornl.gov OI Rao, Nageswara/0000-0002-3408-5941 NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0302-9743 BN 978-3-642-36949-0 J9 LECT NOTES COMPUT SC PY 2013 VL 7640 BP 494 EP 495 PG 2 WC Computer Science, Software Engineering; Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Mathematical & Computational Biology SC Computer Science; Mathematical & Computational Biology GA BB1OF UT WOS:000341240400055 ER PT S AU Wilke, JJ Sargsyan, K Kenny, JP Debusschere, B Najm, HN Hendry, G AF Wilke, Jeremiah J. Sargsyan, Khachik Kenny, Joseph P. Debusschere, Bert Najm, Habib N. Hendry, Gilbert BE Wolf, F Mohr, B Mey, DA TI Validation and Uncertainty Assessment of Extreme-Scale HPC Simulation through Bayesian Inference SO EURO-PAR 2013 PARALLEL PROCESSING SE Lecture Notes in Computer Science LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 19th International Conference on Euro-Par CY AUG 26-30, 2013 CL Aachen, GERMANY SP German Res Sch Simulat Sci, Forschungszentrum Julich, RWTH Aachen Univ ID PERFORMANCE PREDICTION; PARALLEL AB Simulation of high-performance computing (HPC) systems plays a critical role in their development - especially as HPC moves toward the co-design model used for embedded systems, tying hardware and software into a unified design cycle. Exploring system-wide trade-offs in hardware, middleware and applications using high-fidelity cycle-accurate simulation, however, is far too costly. Coarse-grained methods can provide efficient, accurate simulation but require rigorous uncertainty quantification (UQ) before using results to support design decisions. We present here SST/macro, a coarse-grained structural simulator providing flexible congestion models for low-cost simulation. We explore the accuracy limits of coarse-grained simulation by deriving error distributions of model parameters using Bayesian inference. Propagating these uncertainties through the model, we demonstrate SST/macro's utility in making conclusions about performance tradeoffs for a series of MPI collectives. Low-cost and high-accuracy simulations coupled with UQ methodology make SST/macro a powerful tool for rapidly prototyping systems to aid extreme-scale HPC co-design. C1 [Wilke, Jeremiah J.; Sargsyan, Khachik; Kenny, Joseph P.; Debusschere, Bert; Najm, Habib N.; Hendry, Gilbert] Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Wilke, JJ (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM jjwilke@sandia.gov; ksargsy@sandia.gov; jpkenny@sandia.gov; bjdebus@sandia.gov; hnnajm@sandia.gov; ghendry@sandia.gov NR 30 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0302-9743 BN 978-3-642-40047-6 J9 LECT NOTES COMPUT SC PY 2013 VL 8097 BP 41 EP 52 PG 12 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Software Engineering; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BB1OO UT WOS:000341243100007 ER PT S AU Tock, Y Mandler, B Moreira, J Jones, T AF Tock, Yoav Mandler, Benjamin Moreira, Jose Jones, Terry BE Wolf, F Mohr, B Mey, DA TI Design and Implementation of a Scalable Membership Service for Supercomputer Resiliency-Aware Runtime SO EURO-PAR 2013 PARALLEL PROCESSING SE Lecture Notes in Computer Science LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 19th International Conference on Euro-Par CY AUG 26-30, 2013 CL Aachen, GERMANY SP German Res Sch Simulat Sci, Forschungszentrum Julich, RWTH Aachen Univ AB As HPC systems and applications get bigger and more complex, we are approaching an era in which resiliency and run-time elasticity concerns become paramount. We offer a building block for an alternative resiliency approach in which computations will be able to make progress while components fail, in addition to enabling a dynamic set of nodes throughout a computation lifetime. The core of our solution is a hierarchical scalable membership service providing eventual consistency semantics. An attribute replication service is used for hierarchy organization, and is exposed to external applications. Our solution is based on P2P technologies and provides resiliency and elastic runtime support at ultra large scales. Resulting middleware is general purpose while exploiting HPC platform unique features and architecture. We have implemented and tested this system on BlueGene/P with Linux, and using worst-case analysis, evaluated the service scalability as effective for up to 1M nodes. C1 [Tock, Yoav; Mandler, Benjamin] IBM Haifa Res Lab, Haifa, Israel. [Moreira, Jose] IBM TJ Watson Res Ctr, Yorktown Hts, NY USA. [Jones, Terry] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. RP Tock, Y (reprint author), IBM Haifa Res Lab, Haifa, Israel. FU U.S. DoE [DE-SC0002107]; European Community [317862]; U.S. DoE Office of Science [DE-AC05-00OR22725] FX This research received funding from the U.S. DoE under award No. DE-SC0002107; the European Communitys FP7/2007-2013 Programme under grant agreement No. 317862; and used resources of the Oak Ridge Leadership Computing Facility at ORNL, which is supported by the U.S. DoE Office of Science under Contract No. DE-AC05-00OR22725. NR 24 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0302-9743 BN 978-3-642-40047-6 J9 LECT NOTES COMPUT SC PY 2013 VL 8097 BP 354 EP 366 PG 13 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Software Engineering; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BB1OO UT WOS:000341243100037 ER PT S AU Schendel, ER Harenberg, S Tang, HJ Vishwanath, V Papka, ME Samatova, NF AF Schendel, Eric R. Harenberg, Steve Tang, Houjun Vishwanath, Venkatram Papka, Michael E. Samatova, Nagiza F. BE Wolf, F Mohr, B Mey, DA TI A Generic High-Performance Method for Deinterleaving Scientific Data SO EURO-PAR 2013 PARALLEL PROCESSING SE Lecture Notes in Computer Science LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 19th International Conference on Euro-Par CY AUG 26-30, 2013 CL Aachen, GERMANY SP German Res Sch Simulat Sci, Forschungszentrum Julich, RWTH Aachen Univ AB High-performance and energy-efficient data management applications are a necessity for HPC systems due to the extreme scale of data produced by high fidelity scientific simulations that these systems support. Data layout in memory hugely impacts the performance. For better performance, most simulations interleave variables in memory during their calculation phase, but deinterleave the data for subsequent storage and analysis. As a result, efficient data deinterleaving is critical; yet, common deinterleaving methods provide inefficient throughput and energy performance. To address this problem, we propose a deinterleaving method that is high performance, energy efficient, and generic to any data type. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first deinterleaving method that 1) exploits data cache prefetching, 2) reduces memory accesses, and 3) optimizes the use of complete cache line writes. When evaluated against conventional deinterleaving methods on 105 STREAM standard micro-benchmarks, our method always improved throughput and throughput/watt on multi-core systems. In the best case, our deinterleaving method improved throughput up to 26.2x and throughput/watt up to 7.8x. C1 [Schendel, Eric R.; Harenberg, Steve; Tang, Houjun; Samatova, Nagiza F.] North Carolina State Univ, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Papka, Michael E.] Northern Illinois Univ, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA. [Schendel, Eric R.; Vishwanath, Venkatram; Papka, Michael E.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Schendel, Eric R.; Harenberg, Steve; Tang, Houjun; Samatova, Nagiza F.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. RP Samatova, NF (reprint author), North Carolina State Univ, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM samatova@csc.ncsu.edu OI Schendel, Eric/0000-0002-0144-7256 FU ALCF resources at ANL; U.S. Department of Energy,Office of Science, Advanced Scientific Computing Research [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; UT-Battelle [DEAC05-00OR22725] FX We like to thank Argonne National Laboratory (ANL) and Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) for use of resources at their Leadership Computing Facilities, ALCF and OLCF respectively. Also, thanks goes to Flash Center for Computational Science at the University of Chicago for providing scientific datasets. This research and ALCF resources at ANL have been funded and supported in part by the U.S. Department of Energy,Office of Science, Advanced Scientific Computing Research, under Contract DE-AC02-06CH11357. ORNL is managed by UT-Battelle for the LLC U.S. D.O.E. under Contract DEAC05-00OR22725.Also, partial support for this workwas provided through Scientific Discovery through Advanced Computing (SciDAC) program funded by U.S. Department of Energy,Office of Science, Advanced Scientific Computing Research and the U.S.National ScienceFoundation (Expeditions inComputing andEAGER programs). NR 24 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0302-9743 BN 978-3-642-40047-6 J9 LECT NOTES COMPUT SC PY 2013 VL 8097 BP 571 EP 582 PG 12 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Software Engineering; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BB1OO UT WOS:000341243100058 ER PT S AU Villa, O Fatica, M Gawande, N Tumeo, A AF Villa, Oreste Fatica, Massimiliano Gawande, Nitin Tumeo, Antonino BE Wolf, F Mohr, B Mey, DA TI Power/Performance Trade-Offs of Small Batched LU Based Solvers on GPUs SO EURO-PAR 2013 PARALLEL PROCESSING SE Lecture Notes in Computer Science LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 19th International Conference on Euro-Par CY AUG 26-30, 2013 CL Aachen, GERMANY SP German Res Sch Simulat Sci, Forschungszentrum Julich, RWTH Aachen Univ AB In this paper we propose and analyze a set of batched linear solvers for small matrices on Graphic Processing Units (GPUs), evaluating the various alternatives depending on the size of the systems to solve. We discuss three different solutions that operate with different levels of parallelization and GPU features. The first, exploiting the CUBLAS library, manages matrices of size up to 32x32 and employs Warp level (one matrix, one Warp) parallelism and shared memory. The second works at Thread-block level parallelism (one matrix, one Thread-block), still exploiting shared memory but managing matrices up to 76x76. The third is Thread level parallel (one matrix, one thread) and can reach sizes up to 128x128, but it does not exploit shared memory and only relies on the high memory bandwidth of the GPU. The first and second solutions only support partial pivoting, the third one easily supports partial and full pivoting, making it attractive to problems that require greater numerical stability. We analyze the trade-offs in terms of performance and power consumption as function of the size of the linear systems that are simultaneously solved. We execute the three implementations on a Tesla M2090 (Fermi) and on a Tesla K20 (Kepler)(1). C1 [Villa, Oreste; Gawande, Nitin; Tumeo, Antonino] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Fatica, Massimiliano] NVIDIA, Santa Clara, CA USA. RP Villa, O (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM oreste.villa@pnnl.gov; mfatica@nvidia.com; nitin.gawande@pnnl.gov; antonino.tumeo@pnnl.gov RI Tumeo, Antonino/L-3106-2016; OI gawande, nitin/0000-0002-5761-1027 NR 11 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0302-9743 BN 978-3-642-40047-6 J9 LECT NOTES COMPUT SC PY 2013 VL 8097 BP 813 EP 825 PG 13 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Software Engineering; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BB1OO UT WOS:000341243100081 ER PT B AU Zegkinoglou, I Keimer, B AF Zegkinoglou, Ioannis Keimer, Bernhard BA Cao, G DeLong, L BF Cao, G DeLong, L TI X-RAY SCATTERING STUDIES OF 4D-AND 5D-ELECTRON TRANSITION METAL OXIDES SO FRONTIERS OF 4D- AND 5D- TRANSITION METAL OXIDES LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID RESONANCE-EXCHANGE SCATTERING; FERROMAGNETIC SUPERCONDUCTOR RUSR2GDCU2O8; MAGNETIC SCATTERING; INSULATOR-TRANSITION; DIFFRACTION; CRYSTAL; SR2IRO4; POLARIZATION; PEROVSKITE; SR2RUO4 C1 [Zegkinoglou, Ioannis] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Zegkinoglou, Ioannis] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Adv Light Source, Berkeley, CA USA. [Keimer, Bernhard] Max Planck Inst Solid State Res, Stuttgart, Germany. RP Zegkinoglou, I (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA. NR 67 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA PO BOX 128 FARRER RD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE BN 978-981-4374-86-6; 978-981-4374-85-9 PY 2013 BP 43 EP 98 D2 10.1142/8331 PG 56 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA BB1QI UT WOS:000341265900004 ER PT B AU Fong, CY Pask, JE Yang, LH AF Fong, C. Y. Pask, J. E. Yang, L. H. BA Fong, CY Pask, JE Yang, LH BF Fong, CY Pask, JE Yang, LH TI Half-metallic Materials and Their Properties Introduction SO HALF-METALLIC MATERIALS AND THEIR PROPERTIES SE Materials for Engineering LA English DT Editorial Material; Book Chapter C1 [Fong, C. Y.] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Pask, J. E.; Yang, L. H.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. RP Fong, CY (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA PO BOX 128 FARRER RD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE BN 978-1-908977-13-7; 978-1-908977-12-0 J9 MAT ENG PY 2013 VL 2 BP 1 EP 13 D2 10.1142/p883 PG 13 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Composites SC Materials Science GA BB1XX UT WOS:000341448600002 ER PT B AU Fong, CY Pask, JE Yang, LH AF Fong, C. Y. Pask, J. E. Yang, L. H. BA Fong, CY Pask, JE Yang, LH BF Fong, CY Pask, JE Yang, LH TI Half-metallic Materials and Their Properties Preface SO HALF-METALLIC MATERIALS AND THEIR PROPERTIES SE Materials for Engineering LA English DT Editorial Material; Book Chapter C1 [Fong, C. Y.] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Pask, J. E.; Yang, L. H.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. RP Fong, CY (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA PO BOX 128 FARRER RD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE BN 978-1-908977-13-7; 978-1-908977-12-0 J9 MAT ENG PY 2013 VL 2 BP VII EP + D2 10.1142/p883 PG 25 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Composites SC Materials Science GA BB1XX UT WOS:000341448600001 ER PT B AU Fong, CY Pask, JE Yang, LH AF Fong, C. Y. Pask, J. E. Yang, L. H. BA Fong, CY Pask, JE Yang, LH BF Fong, CY Pask, JE Yang, LH TI Methods of Studying Half-metals SO HALF-METALLIC MATERIALS AND THEIR PROPERTIES SE Materials for Engineering LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Fong, C. Y.] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Pask, J. E.; Yang, L. H.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. RP Fong, CY (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA PO BOX 128 FARRER RD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE BN 978-1-908977-13-7; 978-1-908977-12-0 J9 MAT ENG PY 2013 VL 2 BP 15 EP 75 D2 10.1142/p883 PG 61 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Composites SC Materials Science GA BB1XX UT WOS:000341448600003 ER PT B AU Fong, CY Pask, JE Yang, LH AF Fong, C. Y. Pask, J. E. Yang, L. H. BA Fong, CY Pask, JE Yang, LH BF Fong, CY Pask, JE Yang, LH TI Heusler Alloys SO HALF-METALLIC MATERIALS AND THEIR PROPERTIES SE Materials for Engineering LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Fong, C. Y.] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Pask, J. E.; Yang, L. H.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. RP Fong, CY (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA PO BOX 128 FARRER RD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE BN 978-1-908977-13-7; 978-1-908977-12-0 J9 MAT ENG PY 2013 VL 2 BP 77 EP 139 D2 10.1142/p883 PG 63 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Composites SC Materials Science GA BB1XX UT WOS:000341448600004 ER PT B AU Fong, CY Pask, JE Yang, LH AF Fong, C. Y. Pask, J. E. Yang, L. H. BA Fong, CY Pask, JE Yang, LH BF Fong, CY Pask, JE Yang, LH TI Half-Metallic Oxides SO HALF-METALLIC MATERIALS AND THEIR PROPERTIES SE Materials for Engineering LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Fong, C. Y.] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Pask, J. E.; Yang, L. H.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. RP Fong, CY (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA PO BOX 128 FARRER RD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE BN 978-1-908977-13-7; 978-1-908977-12-0 J9 MAT ENG PY 2013 VL 2 BP 141 EP 204 D2 10.1142/p883 PG 64 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Composites SC Materials Science GA BB1XX UT WOS:000341448600005 ER PT B AU Fong, CY Pask, JE Yang, LH AF Fong, C. Y. Pask, J. E. Yang, L. H. BA Fong, CY Pask, JE Yang, LH BF Fong, CY Pask, JE Yang, LH TI Half-metals with Simple Structures SO HALF-METALLIC MATERIALS AND THEIR PROPERTIES SE Materials for Engineering LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Fong, C. Y.] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Pask, J. E.; Yang, L. H.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. RP Fong, CY (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA PO BOX 128 FARRER RD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE BN 978-1-908977-13-7; 978-1-908977-12-0 J9 MAT ENG PY 2013 VL 2 BP 205 EP 261 D2 10.1142/p883 PG 57 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Composites SC Materials Science GA BB1XX UT WOS:000341448600006 ER PT B AU Fong, CY Pask, JE Yang, LH AF Fong, C. Y. Pask, J. E. Yang, L. H. BA Fong, CY Pask, JE Yang, LH BF Fong, CY Pask, JE Yang, LH TI Anisotropic Magnetoresistance SO HALF-METALLIC MATERIALS AND THEIR PROPERTIES SE Materials for Engineering LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Fong, C. Y.] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Pask, J. E.; Yang, L. H.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. RP Fong, CY (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA PO BOX 128 FARRER RD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE BN 978-1-908977-13-7; 978-1-908977-12-0 J9 MAT ENG PY 2013 VL 2 BP 263 EP 263 D2 10.1142/p883 PG 1 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Composites SC Materials Science GA BB1XX UT WOS:000341448600007 ER PT J AU Diallo, S Mamontov, E Podlesnyak, A Ehlers, G Wada, N Inagaki, S Fukushima, Y AF Diallo, Souleymane Mamontov, Eugene Podlesnyak, Andrey Ehlers, Georg Wada, Nobuo Inagaki, Shinji Fukushima, Yoshiaki TI Dynamics of the fast component of nano-confined water under electric field SO JOURNAL OF THE PHYSICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN LA English DT Article DE Quasi-elastic neutron scattering; water diffusion; electric field AB We report the diffusion of water molecules confined in the pores of folded silica materials (FSM-12 with average pore diameter of similar to 16 angstrom), measured by means of quasielastic neutron scattering using the cold neutron chopper spectrometer (CNCS). The goal is to investigate the effect of electric field on the previously observed fast component of nano-confined water. The measurements were taken at temperatures between 220 K and 245 K, and at two electric field values, 0 kV/mm and 2 kV/mm. Similar to the recently observed electric field induced enhancement of the slow translational motion of confined water, there is a an equally important impact of the field on the faster diffusion. C1 [Diallo, Souleymane; Mamontov, Eugene; Podlesnyak, Andrey; Ehlers, Georg] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Wada, Nobuo] Nagoya Univ, Dept Phys, Chikusa Ku, Nagoya, Aichi 4648602, Japan. [Inagaki, Shinji; Fukushima, Yoshiaki] Toyota Cent Res & Dev Labs Inc, Nagakute, Aichi 4801192, Japan. RP Diallo, S (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM omardiallos@ornl.gov RI Instrument, CNCS/B-4599-2012; Ehlers, Georg/B-5412-2008; Mamontov, Eugene/Q-1003-2015; Podlesnyak, Andrey/A-5593-2013; Diallo, Souleymane/B-3111-2016 OI Ehlers, Georg/0000-0003-3513-508X; Mamontov, Eugene/0000-0002-5684-2675; Podlesnyak, Andrey/0000-0001-9366-6319; Diallo, Souleymane/0000-0002-3369-8391 NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 8 PU PHYSICAL SOC JAPAN PI TOKYO PA YUSHIMA URBAN BUILDING 5F, 2-31-22 YUSHIMA, BUNKYO-KU, TOKYO, 113-0034, JAPAN SN 0031-9015 J9 J PHYS SOC JPN JI J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. PD JAN 1 PY 2013 VL 82 SU A AR SA007 DI 10.7566/JPSJS.82SA.SA007 PG 6 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA AO9BG UT WOS:000341649900007 ER PT J AU Nozaki, H Harada, M Ohta, S Jalarvo, NH Mamontov, E Watanabe, I Miyake, Y Ikedo, Y Sugiyama, J AF Nozaki, Hiroshi Harada, Masashi Ohta, Shingo Jalarvo, Niina H. Mamontov, Eugene Watanabe, Isao Miyake, Yasuhiro Ikedo, Yutaka Sugiyama, Jun TI Diffusive Behavior of Li Ions in Garnet Li5+xLa3ZrxNb2-xO12 (x=0-2) SO JOURNAL OF THE PHYSICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN LA English DT Article DE garnet; Li diffusion; quasi-elastic neutron scattering AB Li diffusive behavior in garnet-type oxides has been investigated by quasi-elastic neutron scattering (QENS) and muon-spin relaxation (mu SR) measurements. The QENS signal increased with temperature (T) above 300 K due to Li+ motion. The activation energy obtained from the relationship between the QENS intensities and T-1 was lower about a half of that estimated by electrochemical measurements. By combining QENS and mu SR results, we found that a diffusion coefficient of Li+ strongly depends on the number of mobile Li+. C1 [Nozaki, Hiroshi; Harada, Masashi; Ohta, Shingo; Sugiyama, Jun] Toyota Cent Res & Dev Labs Inc, Nagakute, Aichi 4801192, Japan. [Jalarvo, Niina H.; Mamontov, Eugene] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Spallat Neutron Source, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Watanabe, Isao] RIKEN, Adv Meson Sci Lab, Wako, Saitama 3510198, Japan. [Miyake, Yasuhiro; Ikedo, Yutaka] KEK, Inst Mat Struct Sci, Muon Sci Lab, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050801, Japan. RP Nozaki, H (reprint author), Toyota Cent Res & Dev Labs Inc, Nagakute, Aichi 4801192, Japan. EM h-nozaki@mosk.tytlabs.co.jp RI Sugiyama, Jun/M-6535-2015; Mamontov, Eugene/Q-1003-2015; Jalarvo, Niina/Q-1320-2015 OI Sugiyama, Jun/0000-0002-0916-5333; Mamontov, Eugene/0000-0002-5684-2675; Jalarvo, Niina/0000-0003-0644-6866 NR 9 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 7 PU PHYSICAL SOC JAPAN PI TOKYO PA YUSHIMA URBAN BUILDING 5F, 2-31-22 YUSHIMA, BUNKYO-KU, TOKYO, 113-0034, JAPAN SN 0031-9015 J9 J PHYS SOC JPN JI J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. PD JAN 1 PY 2013 VL 82 SU A AR SA004 DI 10.7566/JPSJS.82SA.SA004 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA AO9BG UT WOS:000341649900004 ER PT S AU Sloan, J Kumar, R Bronevetsky, G AF Sloan, Joseph Kumar, Rakesh Bronevetsky, Greg GP IEEE TI An Algorithmic Approach to Error Localization and Partial Recomputation for Low-Overhead Fault Tolerance SO 2013 43RD ANNUAL IEEE/IFIP INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON DEPENDABLE SYSTEMS AND NETWORKS (DSN) SE International Conference on Dependable Systems and Networks LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 43rd Annual IEEE/IFIP International Conference on Dependable Systems and Networks (DSN) CY JUN 24-27, 2013 CL Budapest, HUNGARY SP IEEE, IFIP DE algorithmic error correction; partial recomputation; error localization; numerical methods; sparse linear algebra AB The increasing size and complexity of massively parallel systems (e. g. HPC systems) is making it increasingly likely that individual circuits will produce erroneous results. For this reason, novel fault tolerance approaches are increasingly needed. Prior fault tolerance approaches often rely on checkpoint-rollback based schemes. Unfortunately, such schemes are primarily limited to rare error event scenarios as the overheads of such schemes become prohibitive if faults are common. In this paper, we propose a novel approach for algorithmic correction of faulty application outputs. The key insight for this approach is that even under high error scenarios, even if the result of an algorithm is erroneous, most of it is correct. Instead of simply rolling back to the most recent checkpoint and repeating the entire segment of computation, our novel resilience approach uses algorithmic error localization and partial recomputation to efficiently correct the corrupted results. We evaluate our approach in the specific algorithmic scenario of linear algebra operations, focusing on matrix-vector multiplication (MVM) and iterative linear solvers. We develop a novel technique for localizing errors in MVM and show how to achieve partial recomputation within this algorithm, and demonstrate that this approach both improves the performance of the Conjugate Gradient solver in high error scenarios by 3x-4x and increases the probability that it completes successfully by up to 60% with parallel experiments up to 100 nodes. C1 [Sloan, Joseph; Kumar, Rakesh] Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Bronevetsky, Greg] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. RP Sloan, J (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM jsloan@illinois.edu; rakeshk@illinois.edu; bronevetsky@llnl.gov FU NSF; ARO; GSRC; Department of Energy Early Career award program; U.S. Department of Energy; Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344] FX This work was supported in part by NSF, ARO, GSRC, and the Department of Energy Early Career award program. It was also partially performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. We thank Tzanio Kolev and anonymous reviewers for their helpful feedback. NR 30 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1530-0889 BN 978-1-4799-0181-4; 978-1-4673-6471-3 J9 I C DEPEND SYS NETWO PY 2013 PG 12 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Information Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BB1GX UT WOS:000341129700012 ER PT B AU Hively, LM McDonald, JT Munro, N Cornelius, E AF Hively, Lee M. McDonald, J. Todd Munro, Nancy Cornelius, Emily GP IEEE TI Forewarning of Epileptic Events from Scalp EEG SO 2013 BIOMEDICAL SCIENCES AND ENGINEERING CONFERENCE (BSEC) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 4th Annual ORNL Biomedical Sciences and Engineering Conference on Collaborative Biomedical Innovations CY MAY 21-23, 2013 CL Biomed Sci & Engn Ctr, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN SP Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Qatar Biomed Res Inst, Engn Med & Biol Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers HO Biomed Sci & Engn Ctr, Oak Ridge Natl Lab DE epilepsy; forewarning; scalp EEG ID SEIZURE PREDICTION; PREICTAL STATE; WORKSHOP AB This paper addresses epileptic event forewarning. One novel contribution is the use of graph theoretic measures to detect condition change from time-delay-embedding states. Another novel contribution is better forewarning of the epileptic events from two channels of scalp EEG, with a total true rate of 58/60 (sensitivity = 39/40, specificity = 19/20). Challenges include statistical validation in terms of true positives and true negatives; actionable forewarning in terms of time before the event; detection of the event to reset the forewarning algorithm; and implementation in a practical device. C1 [Hively, Lee M.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Computat Sci & Engn Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Munro, Nancy] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [McDonald, J. Todd] Univ S Alabama, Sch Comp & Informat Sci, Mobile, AL 36688 USA. [Cornelius, Emily] Univ Tennessee, Sch Med, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RP Hively, LM (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Computat Sci & Engn Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. FU UT-Battelle, LLC,with the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC05-00OR22725] FX This manuscript has been authored by UT-Battelle, LLC, under Contract No. DE-AC05-00OR22725 with the U.S. Department of Energy. The United States Government retains and the publisher, by accepting the article for publication, acknowledges that the United States Government retains a non-exclusive, paid-up, irrevocable, world-wide license to publish or reproduce the published form of this manuscript, or allow others to do so, for United States Government purposes.ViaSys Healthcare Inc. provided the EEG data. We gratefully acknowledge insightful input from E.M. Ferragut, P. Gurecki, . Kelley, T.L. Nichols, and S. Rider. NR 25 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4799-2117-1; 978-1-4799-2118-8 PY 2013 PG 4 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Engineering, Biomedical; Mathematical & Computational Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Engineering; Mathematical & Computational Biology GA BB1CP UT WOS:000341000300017 ER PT B AU Karakaya, M Kerekes, RA Solecki, DJ AF Karakaya, Mahmut Kerekes, Ryan A. Solecki, David J. GP IEEE TI Automated Tracing and Segmentation Tool for Migrating Neurons in 4D Confocal Imagery SO 2013 BIOMEDICAL SCIENCES AND ENGINEERING CONFERENCE (BSEC) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 4th Annual ORNL Biomedical Sciences and Engineering Conference on Collaborative Biomedical Innovations CY MAY 21-23, 2013 CL Biomed Sci & Engn Ctr, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN SP Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Qatar Biomed Res Inst, Engn Med & Biol Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers HO Biomed Sci & Engn Ctr, Oak Ridge Natl Lab DE neuron migration; image segmentation; tracing AB Accurate tracing and segmentation of subcellular components of migrating neurons in confocal image sequences are prerequisite steps in many neurobiology studies to understand the biological machinery behind the movement of developing neurons. In this paper, we present an automated tracking, tracing, and segmentation tool for soma, leading, and trailing process of migrating neurons in time-lapse image stacks acquired with a confocal fluorescence microscope. In our approach, we first localize each neuron in the maximum intensity projection of the first frame using manual labeling of the soma and end points of the leading and trailing process. By using each soma position at the first frame, we automatically track the somas in rest of the frames. Then, leading and trailing process are traced in each frame from the soma center to the labeled end tip of the process by using fast marching algorithm. Finally, the soma, leading and trailing processes of each neuron are segmented by using the soma center and traces as seed points, and their boundaries are separated from each other. Based on qualitative results, we demonstrate the capability to automatically track, trace, and segment the soma, leading, and trailing processes of a migrating neuron with minimal user input. C1 [Karakaya, Mahmut; Kerekes, Ryan A.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Imaging Signals & Machine Learning Grp, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Solecki, David J.] St Jude Childrens Res Hosp, Dept Dev Neurobiol, Memphis, TN 38105 USA. RP Karakaya, M (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Imaging Signals & Machine Learning Grp, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM karakayam@ornl.gov FU UT3Battelle, LLC with the U.S. Department of Energy [DE3AC05300OR22725] FX This manuscript has been authored by employees of UT3Battelle, LLC, under contract DE3AC05300OR22725 with the U.S. Department of Energy. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4799-2117-1; 978-1-4799-2118-8 PY 2013 PG 4 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Engineering, Biomedical; Mathematical & Computational Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Engineering; Mathematical & Computational Biology GA BB1CP UT WOS:000341000300007 ER PT B AU Ryan, DP Daley, BJ Wong, K Zhao, XP AF Ryan, Daniel P. Daley, Brian J. Wong, Kwai Zhao, Xiaopeng GP IEEE TI Prediction of ICU In-Hospital Mortality Using a Deep Boltzmann Machine and Dropout Neural Net SO 2013 BIOMEDICAL SCIENCES AND ENGINEERING CONFERENCE (BSEC) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 4th Annual ORNL Biomedical Sciences and Engineering Conference on Collaborative Biomedical Innovations CY MAY 21-23, 2013 CL Biomed Sci & Engn Ctr, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN SP Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Qatar Biomed Res Inst, Engn Med & Biol Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers HO Biomed Sci & Engn Ctr, Oak Ridge Natl Lab ID ACUTE PHYSIOLOGY AB The capability to predict in-hospital mortality of patients in intensive care units will be of paramount importance. We explore state-of-the-art machine learning techniques to estimate the in-hospital mortality probability of a patient using various physiological measurements taken within the first forty-eight hours of patient admission. A generative model, a deep Boltzmann machine, is trained using a set of recently developed techniques to automatically extract features from the patient data, and then used to initialize a feed-forward neural network. The neural network is then discriminatively fine-tuned using an efficient approximation to an ensemble of neural networks, dropout, to prevent overfitting on the limited number of labeled training examples. C1 [Ryan, Daniel P.] Univ Tennessee, Natl Inst Math & Biol Synth, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Daley, Brian J.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Surg, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Zhao, Xiaopeng] Univ Tennessee, Dept Mech, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Wong, Kwai] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. RP Ryan, DP (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Natl Inst Math & Biol Synth, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM ryan@nimbios.org; bdaley@mc.utmck.edu; kwong@utk.edu; xzhao9@utk.edu NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4799-2117-1; 978-1-4799-2118-8 PY 2013 PG 4 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Engineering, Biomedical; Mathematical & Computational Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Engineering; Mathematical & Computational Biology GA BB1CP UT WOS:000341000300010 ER PT B AU Sukumar, SR Aline, F AF Sukumar, Sreenivas R. Aline, Frank GP IEEE TI Application of Micro-segmentation Algorithms to the Healthcare Market: A Case Study SO 2013 BIOMEDICAL SCIENCES AND ENGINEERING CONFERENCE (BSEC) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 4th Annual ORNL Biomedical Sciences and Engineering Conference on Collaborative Biomedical Innovations CY MAY 21-23, 2013 CL Biomed Sci & Engn Ctr, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN SP Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Qatar Biomed Res Inst, Engn Med & Biol Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers HO Biomed Sci & Engn Ctr, Oak Ridge Natl Lab DE market micro-segmentation; patient behaviors; public health dynamics; healthcare system optimization AB We draw inspiration from the recent success of loyalty programs and targeted personalized market campaigns of retail companies such as Kroger, Netflix, etc. to understand beneficiary behaviors in the healthcare system. Our posit is that by better understanding and predicting customer behaviors we can emulate the financial success of retail companies in the healthcare market. Towards that goal, we survey current practices in market segmentation research and analyze health insurance claims data using a selected few of those algorithms. We present results and discuss insights based on the analysis. C1 [Sukumar, Sreenivas R.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Computat Sci & Engn Div, 1 Bethel Valley Rd, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Aline, Frank] New York City Coll Technol, Dept Math, Brooklyn, NY 11201 USA. RP Sukumar, SR (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Computat Sci & Engn Div, 1 Bethel Valley Rd, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM sukumarsr@ornl.gov; frank.aline01@gmail.com FU UT-Battelle, LLC with the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC05-00OR22725]; United States Government retains; United States Government retains a non-exclusive, paid-up, irrevocable, world-wide license to publish or reproduce; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Workforce Development for Teachers and Scientists (WDTS) under the Science Undergraduate Laboratory Internships Program (SULI); SULI program FX This paper has been authored by employees of UT-Battelle, LLC, under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725 with the U.S. Department of Energy. Accordingly, the United States Government retains and the publisher, by accepting the article for publication, acknowledges that the United States Government retains a non-exclusive, paid-up, irrevocable, world-wide license to publish or reproduce the published form of this manuscript, or allow others to do so, for United States Government purposes. This work was supported in part by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Workforce Development for Teachers and Scientists (WDTS) under the Science Undergraduate Laboratory Internships Program (SULI). The authors thank the SULI program for the support. NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 5 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4799-2117-1; 978-1-4799-2118-8 PY 2013 PG 4 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Engineering, Biomedical; Mathematical & Computational Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Engineering; Mathematical & Computational Biology GA BB1CP UT WOS:000341000300008 ER PT B AU Vargis, E Foster, C Peterson, CB Morrell-Falvey, JL Retterer, ST Collier, CP AF Vargis, Elizabeth Foster, Carmen Peterson, Cristen B. Morrell-Falvey, Jennifer L. Retterer, Scott T. Collier, C. Patrick GP IEEE TI Developing In Vitro Models of the Sub-Retinal Microenvironment SO 2013 BIOMEDICAL SCIENCES AND ENGINEERING CONFERENCE (BSEC) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 4th Annual ORNL Biomedical Sciences and Engineering Conference on Collaborative Biomedical Innovations CY MAY 21-23, 2013 CL Biomed Sci & Engn Ctr, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN SP Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Qatar Biomed Res Inst, Engn Med & Biol Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers HO Biomed Sci & Engn Ctr, Oak Ridge Natl Lab DE microcontact printing; retinal pigment epithelial cells; microfluidics; protein absorption ID CELL; NEOVASCULARIZATION; PHOTORECEPTORS; DEGENERATION; EXPRESSION; DEATH AB Physiologically-relevant in vitro models of retinal disease are necessary for understanding the complex interactions of oxidative stress, molecular signaling and physical contact between cells and their local environment. In this study, microfluidic devices and microcontact printing are used to mimic in vivo conditions of the sub-retinal microenvironment and the effects of oxidative stress and atrophy on protein expression by retinal pigment epithelial cells. The results demonstrate that differences in RNA and protein expression due to oxidative stress and loss of function can be observed from cells within microfluidic devices and in micropatterned patches. These findings indicate that nano- and microstructured materials can be used to interrogate normal and malignant retinal cell growth. C1 [Vargis, Elizabeth] Univ Tennessee, Joint Inst Biol Sci, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Vargis, Elizabeth] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Mat Sci, Oak Ridge, TN USA. [Foster, Carmen; Peterson, Cristen B.; Morrell-Falvey, Jennifer L.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Biosciences Div, Oak Ridge, TN USA. [Retterer, Scott T.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr nanophase Mat Sci, BioSci Div, Oak Ridge, TN USA. [Collier, C. Patrick] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr nanophase Mat Sci, Oak Ridge, TN USA. RP Vargis, E (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Joint Inst Biol Sci, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM rettererst@ornl.gov; colliercp@ornl.gov RI Morrell-Falvey, Jennifer/A-6615-2011; Retterer, Scott/A-5256-2011 OI Morrell-Falvey, Jennifer/0000-0002-9362-7528; Retterer, Scott/0000-0001-8534-1979 FU Oak Ridge National Laboratory by the Scientific User Facilities Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Depa of energy FX A portion of this research was conducted at the Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, which is sponsored at Oak Ridge National Laboratory by the Scientific User Facilities Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Depa of energy. NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 4 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4799-2117-1; 978-1-4799-2118-8 PY 2013 PG 4 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Engineering, Biomedical; Mathematical & Computational Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Engineering; Mathematical & Computational Biology GA BB1CP UT WOS:000341000300002 ER PT B AU Voisin, S Yoon, HJ Tourassi, G Morin-Ducote, G Hudson, K AF Voisin, Sophie Yoon, Hong-Jun Tourassi, Georgia Morin-Ducote, Garnetta Hudson, Kathleen GP IEEE TI Personalized Modeling of Human Gaze: Exploratory Investigation on Mammogram Readings SO 2013 BIOMEDICAL SCIENCES AND ENGINEERING CONFERENCE (BSEC) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 4th Annual ORNL Biomedical Sciences and Engineering Conference on Collaborative Biomedical Innovations CY MAY 21-23, 2013 CL Biomed Sci & Engn Ctr, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN SP Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Qatar Biomed Res Inst, Engn Med & Biol Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers HO Biomed Sci & Engn Ctr, Oak Ridge Natl Lab AB Eye tracking studies in medical imaging typically focus on studying radiologists' visual search process and how it relates to the clinical interpretation task at hand. In this pilot study, we have investigated gaze patterns to gain insight into their association with radiologists' expertise level as well as the presence of individual differences to facilitate personalized modeling and recognition of radiologists. First, we collected gaze data from six radiologists viewing 40 mammographic images each. Then, the collected gaze data were analyzed with two different approaches: 1) using a multilayer perceptron and 2) using a hidden Markov model. Both approaches confirmed that the experience level of a radiologist can be inferred with high accuracy by simply studying their gaze pattern. Personalized modeling and identification of radiologists was successful with both approaches with accuracy significantly higher than random guessing. The results of this pilot study confirm that a radiologist's perceptual behavior is not only a function of clinical training and level of experience, but there are individual aspects that could serve as a personal biomarker when developing models of human perception and cognition in medical image interpretation. C1 [Voisin, Sophie; Yoon, Hong-Jun; Tourassi, Georgia] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Biomed Sci & Engn Ctr, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Morin-Ducote, Garnetta; Hudson, Kathleen] Univ Tennessee, Dept Radiol, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RP Voisin, S (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Biomed Sci & Engn Ctr, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM voisins@ornl.gov FU UT-Battelle, LLC with the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC05 00OR22725] FX This manuscript has been authored by UT-Battelle, LLC, under Contract No. DE-AC05 00OR22725 with the U.S. Department of Energy NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4799-2117-1; 978-1-4799-2118-8 PY 2013 PG 4 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Engineering, Biomedical; Mathematical & Computational Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Engineering; Mathematical & Computational Biology GA BB1CP UT WOS:000341000300014 ER PT B AU Yoon, HJ Xu, SH Tourassi, G AF Yoon, Hong-Jun Xu, Songhua Tourassi, Georgia GP IEEE TI A Cost-Effective, Case-Control Study on the Association Between Breast Cancer and Pregnancy through Web Mining SO 2013 BIOMEDICAL SCIENCES AND ENGINEERING CONFERENCE (BSEC) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 4th Annual ORNL Biomedical Sciences and Engineering Conference on Collaborative Biomedical Innovations CY MAY 21-23, 2013 CL Biomed Sci & Engn Ctr, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN SP Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Qatar Biomed Res Inst, Engn Med & Biol Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers HO Biomed Sci & Engn Ctr, Oak Ridge Natl Lab DE web mining; case-control study; breast cancer; obituary; epidemiology ID PARITY; RISK; 1ST; AGE; BIRTH AB We report a case-control epidemiological study through mining people's stories from the Internet. Our overarching goal is to test whether mining openly available, personal stories from the Internet is a cost-effective way for reliable epidemiological discoveries. As a case study, we focus on the association between breast cancer risk and pregnancy, which is clearly established through controlled clinical survey studies. Specifically, we automatically collected and mined 30,000 online obituary articles via a series of tailored cyber-informatics tools we developed. Replicating a case-control study design, we analyzed the collected data confirming with statistical significance that parity is associated with lower breast cancer risk. Our web mining study demonstrates promising preliminary evidence that online content mining can be a cost-effective and reliable way for epidemiological knowledge discovery. C1 [Yoon, Hong-Jun; Xu, Songhua; Tourassi, Georgia] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Biomed Sci & Engn Ctr, Computat Sci & Engn Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. RP Yoon, HJ (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Biomed Sci & Engn Ctr, Computat Sci & Engn Div, 1 Bethel Valley Rd, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4799-2117-1; 978-1-4799-2118-8 PY 2013 PG 4 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Engineering, Biomedical; Mathematical & Computational Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Engineering; Mathematical & Computational Biology GA BB1CP UT WOS:000341000300012 ER PT S AU Emery, K Anderberg, A Campanelli, M Ciszek, P Mack, C Moriarty, T Osterwald, C Ottoson, L Rummel, S Williams, R AF Emery, Keith Anderberg, Allan Campanelli, Mark Ciszek, Paul Mack, Charles Moriarty, Tom Osterwald, Carl Ottoson, Larry Rummel, Steve Williams, Rafell GP IEEE TI Rating Photovoltaics SO 2013 IEEE 39TH PHOTOVOLTAIC SPECIALISTS CONFERENCE (PVSC) SE IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 39th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC) CY JUN 16-21, 2013 CL Tampa, FL SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Electron Devices Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Photon Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Power & Energy Soc, US Photovolta Mfg Consort, AZoCleantech Com, Latin Amer Renovable, Photovolta Int, PVTech, Solar Novus Today & Photon, Photon DE instrumentation and measurement; measurement uncertainty; photovoltaic cells; photovoltaic modules; calibration ID SOLAR-CELLS; PERFORMANCE; UNCERTAINTY; SYSTEMS AB The rating of photovoltaic (PV) cells and modules is critical in comparing the performance of the plethora of competing PV technologies. The rating should be easy to reproduce, give a unique value in the absence of measurement error, and, most importantly, be directly related to the expected system performance. PV rating methods have evolved since the first measurement workshop in 1975. Consensus standards exist and the PV community is in agreement on how to rate most PV technologies for terrestrial and space applications. There is still disagreement on the proper probing for Si wafers and how to test low-concentration, bifacial cells. Because of the low demand, there has been little effort to standardize rating PV for indoor or other applications that do not involve bulk power generation as their primary activity. C1 [Emery, Keith; Anderberg, Allan; Campanelli, Mark; Ciszek, Paul; Mack, Charles; Moriarty, Tom; Osterwald, Carl; Ottoson, Larry; Rummel, Steve; Williams, Rafell] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Emery, K (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. NR 49 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0160-8371 BN 978-1-4799-3299-3 J9 IEEE PHOT SPEC CONF PY 2013 BP 1 EP 6 PG 6 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Physics GA BB0AV UT WOS:000340054100001 ER PT S AU Miskin, CK Carter, NJ Yang, WC Hages, CJ Stach, E Agrawal, R AF Miskin, Caleb K. Carter, Nathaniel J. Yang, Wei-Chang Hages, Charles J. Stach, Eric Agrawal, Rakesh GP IEEE TI High Efficiency Cu2ZnSnS4 Nanocrystal Ink Solar Cells through Improved Nanoparticle Synthesis and Selenization SO 2013 IEEE 39TH PHOTOVOLTAIC SPECIALISTS CONFERENCE (PVSC) SE IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 39th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC) CY JUN 16-21, 2013 CL Tampa, FL SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Electron Devices Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Photon Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Power & Energy Soc, US Photovolta Mfg Consort, AZoCleantech Com, Latin Amer Renovable, Photovolta Int, PVTech, Solar Novus Today & Photon, Photon DE current-voltage characteristics; CZTS; CZTSSe; photovoltaic cells; selenization; thin film devices ID FILMS AB In this work we present the improved efficiency of nanocrystal ink based Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)(4) (CZTSSe) solar cells to 9.15%. CZTSSe devices prepared from nanocrystal inks are known for the presence of an unintended amorphous/fine-grained layer (unsintered layer) near the back contact. We demonstrate the ability to reduce the proportion of the unsintered layer in the final film through improved nanocrystal synthesis techniques and tailored thermal annealing in selenium atmosphere (selenization). Interestingly, our selenization process has not led to similar device performance in films prepared from particles using other recipes from the literature. C1 [Miskin, Caleb K.; Carter, Nathaniel J.; Hages, Charles J.; Agrawal, Rakesh] Purdue Univ, Sch Chem Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47906 USA. [Yang, Wei-Chang] Purdue Univ, Sch Mat Sci Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47906 USA. [Stach, Eric] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Ctr Funct Nanomat, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Miskin, CK (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Sch Chem Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47906 USA. RI Stach, Eric/D-8545-2011; Hages, Charles/J-6074-2015 OI Stach, Eric/0000-0002-3366-2153; Hages, Charles/0000-0003-4054-1218 FU NSF Solar Economy IGERT; DOE SunShot [DE-EE0005328]; U.S.DOE Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-98CH10886] FX We express thanks to Brian Graeser and Kevin Brew for their assistance and expertise in preparing the Mo-coated soda lime glass. This material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant No. DGE-0833366. The authors gratefully acknowledge the funding of NSF Solar Economy IGERT and DOE SunShot (DE-EE0005328). EAS acknowledges support to the Center for Functional Nanomaterials, Brookhaven National Laboratory by the U.S.DOE Office of Basic Energy Sciences (Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886). NR 20 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 9 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0160-8371 BN 978-1-4799-3299-3 J9 IEEE PHOT SPEC CONF PY 2013 BP 34 EP 37 PG 4 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Physics GA BB0AV UT WOS:000340054100008 ER PT S AU Grover, S Young, DL LaSalvia, V Li, JV Branz, HM Stradins, P Teplin, CW AF Grover, Sachit Young, David L. LaSalvia, Vincenzo Li, Jian V. Branz, Howard M. Stradins, Paul Teplin, Charles W. GP IEEE TI Improved 750 degrees C epitaxial crystal silicon solar cells through impurity reduction SO 2013 IEEE 39TH PHOTOVOLTAIC SPECIALISTS CONFERENCE (PVSC) SE IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 39th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC) CY JUN 16-21, 2013 CL Tampa, FL SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Electron Devices Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Photon Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Power & Energy Soc, US Photovolta Mfg Consort, AZoCleantech Com, Latin Amer Renovable, Photovolta Int, PVTech, Solar Novus Today & Photon, Photon DE hot-wire CVD; epitaxial silicon; solar cells; impurities; DLTS ID GLASS AB We characterize and improve epitaxial silicon films for solar cells grown by hot-wire chemical vapor deposition (HWCVD). The hot-wire filament temperature is found to affect the incorporation of impurities and the surface roughness of the films. Lowering the filament temperature leads to improved epitaxial films with lower impurities and smoother surfaces. Solar cells made with the improved material grown on low-cost silicon templates have open-circuit voltages (V-OC) similar to 600 mV and efficiency exceeding 10%. C1 [Grover, Sachit; Young, David L.; LaSalvia, Vincenzo; Li, Jian V.; Branz, Howard M.; Stradins, Paul; Teplin, Charles W.] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Grover, S (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RI Li, Jian/B-1627-2016 NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0160-8371 BN 978-1-4799-3299-3 J9 IEEE PHOT SPEC CONF PY 2013 BP 51 EP 53 PG 3 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Physics GA BB0AV UT WOS:000340054100012 ER PT S AU Young, DL Teplin, CW Grover, S Lee, B Oh, J LaSalvia, V Amkreutz, D Gall, S Chahal, M Couillard, GJ Chuang, TK Selj, J Deceglie, M Atwater, H Branz, HM Stradins, P AF Young, David L. Teplin, Charles W. Grover, Sachit Lee, Benjamin Oh, Jihun LaSalvia, Vincenzo Amkreutz, Daniel Gall, Stefan Chahal, Monica Couillard, Greg J. Chuang, Ta-Ko Selj, Josefine Deceglie, Michael Atwater, Harry Branz, Howard M. Stradins, Pauls GP IEEE TI 600 mV epitaxial crystal silicon solar cells grown on seeded glass SO 2013 IEEE 39TH PHOTOVOLTAIC SPECIALISTS CONFERENCE (PVSC) SE IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 39th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC) CY JUN 16-21, 2013 CL Tampa, FL SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Electron Devices Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Photon Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Power & Energy Soc, US Photovolta Mfg Consort, AZoCleantech Com, Latin Amer Renovable, Photovolta Int, PVTech, Solar Novus Today & Photon, Photon DE silicon; epitaxy; seed layer; photovoltaic cells ID LAYERS AB We report progress made at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) on crystal silicon solar cells fabricated by epitaxially thickening thin silicon seed layers on glass using hot-wire chemical vapor deposition. Four micron thick devices grown on single-crystal silicon layer transfer seeds on glass achieved open circuit voltages (V-oc) over 600 mV and efficiencies over 10%. Other devices were grown on laser crystallized mixed phase solidification (MPS) seeds on glass and e-beam crystallized (EBC) a-Si on SiC coated glass seeds. We discuss the material quality of the various devices on seeds and summarize the prospects for the seed and epitaxy PV approach. C1 [Young, David L.; Teplin, Charles W.; Grover, Sachit; Lee, Benjamin; Oh, Jihun; LaSalvia, Vincenzo; Branz, Howard M.; Stradins, Pauls] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Amkreutz, Daniel; Gall, Stefan] Helmholtz Zentrum Berlin Mat & Energie, Inst Si Photovoltaics, Berlin, Germany. [Chahal, Monica] Columbia Univ, New York, NY 10027 USA. [Couillard, Greg J.; Chuang, Ta-Ko] Corning Inc, Corning, NY 14831 USA. [Selj, Josefine] Inst Energy Technol, Dept Solar, NO-2007 Kjeller, Norway. [Deceglie, Michael; Atwater, Harry] CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91106 USA. RP Young, DL (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. NR 26 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 4 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0160-8371 BN 978-1-4799-3299-3 J9 IEEE PHOT SPEC CONF PY 2013 BP 54 EP 57 PG 4 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Physics GA BB0AV UT WOS:000340054100013 ER PT S AU Campanelli, M Emery, K AF Campanelli, Mark Emery, Keith GP IEEE TI Device-Dependent Light-Level Correction Errors in Photovoltaic I-V Performance Measurements SO 2013 IEEE 39TH PHOTOVOLTAIC SPECIALISTS CONFERENCE (PVSC) SE IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 39th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC) CY JUN 16-21, 2013 CL Tampa, FL SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Electron Devices Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Photon Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Power & Energy Soc, US Photovolta Mfg Consort, AZoCleantech Com, Latin Amer Renovable, Photovolta Int, PVTech, Solar Novus Today & Photon, Photon DE computational modeling; error correction; measurement standards; measurement uncertainty; photovoltaic cells; power measurement AB Spectral corrections enable investigators to report key performance indicators (KPIs) for photovoltaic (PV) devices at standard reporting conditions (SRC). Important KPIs include short circuit current, open circuit voltage, maximum power, current at maximum power, voltage at maximum power, and fill factor. Spectral correction procedures typically include compensation for light-level variation monitored during a current-voltage (I-V) performance measurement of a PV device. ASTM measurement standards stipulate I-V curve corrections that include such compensation. For a PV device whose performance at 25 degrees C is given by a common 5-parameter single-diode model, these corrections are shown not to be strictly valid. Considering systematic light-level offset and random light-level variation, we examine the potential magnitude of the I-V curve correction error and its effect on these KPIs. For specific PV device model parameters taken from the literature and assuming perfect measurements, the expected absolute relative error in the corrected maximum power is approximately 0.5% for a light level that is systematically below a 1-sun equivalent by 5% on average and varying at a 2% level. Such analyses can be used to quantify device-specific contributions to measurement uncertainty from light-level correction errors, and to limit such errors through measurement process control. Furthermore, these results suggest exploring an alternative approach to the light-level correction problem, in which I-V measurements would first be used to characterize the parameters of a suitable model of the PV device. This model would then be used to predict the device's I-V curve and KPIs at SRC. C1 [Campanelli, Mark; Emery, Keith] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Campanelli, M (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. NR 12 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0160-8371 BN 978-1-4799-3299-3 J9 IEEE PHOT SPEC CONF PY 2013 BP 67 EP 72 PG 6 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Physics GA BB0AV UT WOS:000340054100016 ER PT S AU Silverman, TJ Deceglie, MG Marion, B Cowley, S Kayes, B Kurtz, S AF Silverman, Timothy J. Deceglie, Michael G. Marion, Bill Cowley, Sam Kayes, Brendan Kurtz, Sarah GP IEEE TI Outdoor Performance of a Thin-Film Gallium-Arsenide Photovoltaic Module SO 2013 IEEE 39TH PHOTOVOLTAIC SPECIALISTS CONFERENCE (PVSC) SE IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 39th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC) CY JUN 16-21, 2013 CL Tampa, FL SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Electron Devices Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Photon Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Power & Energy Soc, US Photovolta Mfg Consort, AZoCleantech Com, Latin Amer Renovable, Photovolta Int, PVTech, Solar Novus Today & Photon, Photon DE gallium-arsenide; thin-film; outdoor performance ID GAAS; GAP AB We deployed a 855 cm(2) thin-film, single-junction gallium arsenide (GaAs) photovoltaic (PV) module outdoors. Due to its fundamentally different cell technology compared to silicon (Si), the module responds differently to outdoor conditions. On average during the test, the GaAs module produced more power when its temperature was higher. We show that its maximum-power temperature coefficient, while actually negative, is several times smaller in magnitude than that of a Si module used for comparison. The positive correlation of power with temperature in GaAs is due to temperature-correlated changes in the incident spectrum. We show that a simple correction based on precipitable water vapor (PWV) brings the photocurrent temperature coefficient into agreement with that measured by other methods and predicted by theory. The low operating temperature and small temperature coefficient of GaAs give it an energy production advantage in warm weather. C1 [Silverman, Timothy J.; Deceglie, Michael G.; Marion, Bill; Kurtz, Sarah] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Cowley, Sam; Kayes, Brendan] Alta Devices Inc, Sunnyvale, CA 94085 USA. RP Silverman, TJ (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. FU U.S.Department of Energy [DE-AC36-08G028308]; National Renewable Energy Laboratory FX This work was supported by the U.S.Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC36-08G028308 with the National Renewable Energy Laboratory. NR 12 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 5 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0160-8371 BN 978-1-4799-3299-3 J9 IEEE PHOT SPEC CONF PY 2013 BP 103 EP 108 PG 6 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Physics GA BB0AV UT WOS:000340054100024 ER PT S AU Kempe, MD Wohlgemuth, JH AF Kempe, Michael D. Wohlgemuth, John H. GP IEEE TI Evaluation of Temperature and Humidity on PV Module Component Degradation SO 2013 IEEE 39TH PHOTOVOLTAIC SPECIALISTS CONFERENCE (PVSC) SE IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 39th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC) CY JUN 16-21, 2013 CL Tampa, FL SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Electron Devices Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Photon Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Power & Energy Soc, US Photovolta Mfg Consort, AZoCleantech Com, Latin Amer Renovable, Photovolta Int, PVTech, Solar Novus Today & Photon, Photon DE Polyethylene terepthalate (PET); damp heat; temperature; humidity; modeling; accelerated stress test; encapsulation; back-sheet; polymer; water permeation; moisture absorption ID POLYETHYLENE TEREPHTHALATE; HYDROLYSIS; KINETICS AB In use, photovoltaic modules are exposed to a wide range of environments and mounting conditions, each with a unique combination of temperature and humidity profiles. Here, we model the temperature and humidity environments of several representative climates and use this to estimate the amount of moisture entering a PV module. Then, we use this data to estimate the hydrolytic degradation of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) used in back-sheets. A very good understanding of the degradation kinetics exists for PET. Calculations using PET kinetics along with environmental data demonstrates that the damp heat test exposes PET to hydrolytic degradation equal to hundreds or even thousands of years. However, for less understood degradation modes, we demonstrate the range of relative degradation rates likely to exist as compared to the damp heat test. This more general analysis highlights the fact that within reasonable limits a single humidity can represent a given climate. Thus when a lower representative humidity is used, one can focus testing conditions on temperature effects. This can significantly simplify testing when very little is known about the humidity dependence of degradation processes. C1 [Kempe, Michael D.; Wohlgemuth, John H.] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Kempe, MD (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 12 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0160-8371 BN 978-1-4799-3299-3 J9 IEEE PHOT SPEC CONF PY 2013 BP 120 EP 125 PG 6 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Physics GA BB0AV UT WOS:000340054100027 ER PT S AU Wohlgemuth, JH Kempe, MD AF Wohlgemuth, John H. Kempe, Michael D. GP IEEE TI Equating Damp Heat Testing with Field Failures of PV Modules SO 2013 IEEE 39TH PHOTOVOLTAIC SPECIALISTS CONFERENCE (PVSC) SE IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 39th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC) CY JUN 16-21, 2013 CL Tampa, FL SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Electron Devices Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Photon Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Power & Energy Soc, US Photovolta Mfg Consort, AZoCleantech Com, Latin Amer Renovable, Photovolta Int, PVTech, Solar Novus Today & Photon, Photon DE Photovoltaic module reliability; ageing and durability; polymer AB Damp heat testing is an integral part of the module qualification test sequence. To develop accelerated stress tests for module wear out mechanisms, laboratories have been extending the damp heat tests beyond the qualification level. This paper examines the failure analysis of modules exposed to extended damp heat testing and concludes that there is no evidence that the dominant observed failure mode occurs in fielded modules. Analysis of moisture ingress shows that the damp heat test exposes modules to much higher levels of moisture than will ever be experienced in the field. Humidity driven field failures instead often appear to occur in combination with delamination of the encapsulant, suggesting interfaces should be pre-stressed using UV and/or humidity-freeze before applying damp heat. C1 [Wohlgemuth, John H.; Kempe, Michael D.] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Wohlgemuth, JH (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. NR 17 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 7 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0160-8371 BN 978-1-4799-3299-3 J9 IEEE PHOT SPEC CONF PY 2013 BP 126 EP 131 PG 6 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Physics GA BB0AV UT WOS:000340054100028 ER PT S AU Kurtz, S Wohlgemuth, J Yamamichi, M Sample, T Miller, D Meakin, D Monokroussos, C TamizhMani, M Kempe, M Jordan, D Bosco, N Hacke, P Bermudez, V Kondo, M AF Kurtz, Sarah Wohlgemuth, John Yamamichi, Masaaki Sample, Tony Miller, David Meakin, David Monokroussos, Christos TamizhMani, Mani Kempe, Michael Jordan, Dirk Bosco, Nick Hacke, Peter Bermudez, Veronica Kondo, Michio GP IEEE TI A Framework for a Comparative Accelerated Testing Standard for PV Modules SO 2013 IEEE 39TH PHOTOVOLTAIC SPECIALISTS CONFERENCE (PVSC) SE IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 39th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC) CY JUN 16-21, 2013 CL Tampa, FL SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Electron Devices Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Photon Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Power & Energy Soc, US Photovolta Mfg Consort, AZoCleantech Com, Latin Amer Renovable, Photovolta Int, PVTech, Solar Novus Today & Photon, Photon DE photovoltaic modules; accelerated testing; service lifetime; wear-out mechanisms; field failures AB As the photovoltaic industry has grown, the interest in comparative accelerated testing has also grown. Private test labs offer testing services that apply greater stress than the standard qualification tests as tools for differentiating products and for gaining increased confidence in long-term PV investments. While the value of a single international standard for comparative accelerated testing is widely acknowledged, the development of a consensus is difficult. This paper strives to identify a technical basis for a comparative standard. C1 [Kurtz, Sarah; Wohlgemuth, John; Miller, David; Kempe, Michael; Jordan, Dirk; Bosco, Nick; Hacke, Peter] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Yamamichi, Masaaki; Kondo, Michio] Natl Inst Adv Ind Sci & Technol, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan. [Sample, Tony] European Commiss, DG Joint Res Ctr IET, Renewable Energies Unit, Ispra, Italy. [Meakin, David] Fraunhofer Ctr Sustainable Energy Syst CSE, Albuquerque, NM USA. [Monokroussos, Christos] TUV Rheinland eV, Shanghai, Peoples R China. [TamizhMani, Mani] TUV Rheinland PTL, Tempe, AZ USA. [Bermudez, Veronica] NEXCIS Photovolta Technol, Rousset, France. RP Kurtz, S (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. OI , Bermudez/0000-0002-4380-3853 FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC36-08GO28308] FX This work was supported in part by the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC36-08GO28308. NR 36 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 4 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0160-8371 BN 978-1-4799-3299-3 J9 IEEE PHOT SPEC CONF PY 2013 BP 132 EP 137 PG 6 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Physics GA BB0AV UT WOS:000340054100029 ER PT S AU Yang, BB Sorensen, NR Burton, PD Taylor, JM Kilgo, AC Robinson, DG Granata, JE AF Yang, Benjamin B. Sorensen, N. Robert Burton, Patrick D. Taylor, Jason M. Kilgo, Alice C. Robinson, David G. Granata, Jennifer E. GP IEEE TI Reliability Model Development for Photovoltaic Connector Lifetime Prediction Capabilities SO 2013 IEEE 39TH PHOTOVOLTAIC SPECIALISTS CONFERENCE (PVSC) SE IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 39th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC) CY JUN 16-21, 2013 CL Tampa, FL SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Electron Devices Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Photon Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Power & Energy Soc, US Photovolta Mfg Consort, AZoCleantech Com, Latin Amer Renovable, Photovolta Int, PVTech, Solar Novus Today & Photon, Photon DE connectors; reliability; accelerated testing; fretting; corrosion AB This paper describes efforts to characterize different aspects of photovoltaic connector reliability. The resistance variation over a population of connections was examined by measuring 75 connectors from three different manufacturers. The comparison shows differences in average resistance of up to 9% between manufacturers. The standard deviation of resistance among the same manufacturer ranged from 6%-11%. In a separate experiment, the corrosive effects of grime on the connector pins during damp heat accelerated testing at 85 degrees C/85% RH were studied. We observed a small resistance increase in the first 100 hours of damp heat and no further changes up to the current 450 hours of available data. With the exception of one connector, the effects of grime on connector performance during accelerated testing could not be measured during this time period. C1 [Yang, Benjamin B.; Sorensen, N. Robert; Burton, Patrick D.; Taylor, Jason M.; Kilgo, Alice C.; Robinson, David G.; Granata, Jennifer E.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Yang, BB (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 9 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0160-8371 BN 978-1-4799-3299-3 J9 IEEE PHOT SPEC CONF PY 2013 BP 139 EP 144 PG 6 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Physics GA BB0AV UT WOS:000340054100030 ER PT S AU Zaunbrecher, K Johnston, S Sites, JR AF Zaunbrecher, Katherine Johnston, Steve Sites, James R. GP IEEE TI Analysis of Thin-film Inhomogeneities Using Electroluminescence and LBIC Measurements SO 2013 IEEE 39TH PHOTOVOLTAIC SPECIALISTS CONFERENCE (PVSC) SE IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 39th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC) CY JUN 16-21, 2013 CL Tampa, FL SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Electron Devices Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Photon Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Power & Energy Soc, US Photovolta Mfg Consort, AZoCleantech Com, Latin Amer Renovable, Photovolta Int, PVTech, Solar Novus Today & Photon, Photon DE electroluminescence; imaging; photovoltaic cells; cadmium telluride; copper indium gallium diselenide ID SOLAR-CELLS AB Electroluminescence (EL) and light-beam-induced-current (LBIC) mapping are used to study lab-size thin-film photovoltaic devices. Inhomogeneities seen in individual cells with these two characterization techniques are compared and analyzed. Features of interest in CdTe cells include signal variations across large areas of the cell as well as local, well-defined regions with little or no EL signal and/or reduced quantum efficiency (QE). CIGS devices exhibit these inhomogeneities as well as current crowding around the gridlines, where the current immediately around the front contacts is highest and decreases as the distance from the contacts increases. Other inhomogeneities seen using both EL and LBIC and across both technologies show variations in sheet resistance, mostly in the TCO layer. C1 [Zaunbrecher, Katherine; Johnston, Steve] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Zaunbrecher, Katherine; Sites, James R.] Colorado State Univ, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. RP Zaunbrecher, K (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. FU NREL through its Alliance Partner University Program [UGA-0-41027-00] FX The authors would like to thank Jason Kephart and Kevan Cameron at CSU for fabricating the CdTe solar cells and Miguel Contreras and Lorelle Mansfield at NREL for fabricating the Cu(In,Ga)Se2 devices used in this study. Funding was provided by NREL through its Alliance Partner University Program Agreement No. UGA-0-41027-00. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 9 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0160-8371 BN 978-1-4799-3299-3 J9 IEEE PHOT SPEC CONF PY 2013 BP 166 EP 169 PG 4 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Physics GA BB0AV UT WOS:000340054100036 ER PT S AU Wang, Q Page, M Ai, YM Nemeth, W Roybal, L Yuan, HC AF Wang, Qi Page, Matthew Ai, Yuming Nemeth, William Roybal, Lorenzo Yuan, Hao-Chih GP IEEE TI Hydrogenated Amorphous Si Deposition for High Efficiency a-Si/c-Si Heterojunction Solar Cells SO 2013 IEEE 39TH PHOTOVOLTAIC SPECIALISTS CONFERENCE (PVSC) SE IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 39th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC) CY JUN 16-21, 2013 CL Tampa, FL SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Electron Devices Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Photon Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Power & Energy Soc, US Photovolta Mfg Consort, AZoCleantech Com, Latin Amer Renovable, Photovolta Int, PVTech, Solar Novus Today & Photon, Photon DE hydrogenated amorphous Si; HWCVD; PECVD; crystalline silicon; minority carrier lifetime; and; heterojunction ID SILICON AB We study the differences in hydrogenated amorphous Si (a-Si: H) depositions between Hot-Wire Chemical Vapor Deposition (HWCVD) and Plasma Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition (PECVD) for high efficiency a-Si/c-Si heterojunction (HJ) solar cells. In HWCVD, process gases such as silane decompose from the high-temperature hot filament. The resulting deposition is thought to be gentle due to the lack of ion bombardment that may cause damage to c-Si surface. In PECVD, process gases decompose from a high frequency electric field and ion bombardment is expected during the a-Si: H deposition. We found that the initial minority carrier lifetime of a-Si: H passivated high-quality n-type wafer was higher (about a ms) with the HWCVD process, and the final minority carrier lifetime (after 250 degrees C annealing) was higher (over a few ms) with the PECVD process. These findings suggest that the damage from the ion bombarding in PECVD is not as detrimental as we expected; or if there is damage, it can be repaired by the annealing. We also speculate that the lack of further increase of the lifetime after annealing with HWCVD intrinsic a-Si: H layer can be related to the direct substrate heating from the hot filament during the deposition. A high substrate temperature will promote epi-Si growth and drive hydrogen out of the a-Si/c-Si interface to decrease the quality of surface passivation. To reduce the heating effect, a shutter and a low filament temperature are preferred. With the optimized process, we were able to fabricate HJ solar cells with high open circuit voltage of 714 mV and efficiency greater than 19% on an un-textured n-type wafer using the PECVD process, and independently confirm best efficiency of 19.7% on textured n-type wafer with the HWCVD process. C1 [Wang, Qi; Page, Matthew; Ai, Yuming; Nemeth, William; Roybal, Lorenzo; Yuan, Hao-Chih] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Wang, Q (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, 1617 Cole Blvd, Golden, CO 80401 USA. NR 5 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 4 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0160-8371 BN 978-1-4799-3299-3 J9 IEEE PHOT SPEC CONF PY 2013 BP 188 EP 190 PG 3 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Physics GA BB0AV UT WOS:000340054100042 ER PT S AU Hansen, CW AF Hansen, Clifford W. GP IEEE TI Estimation of Parameters for Single Diode Models Using Measured IV Curves SO 2013 IEEE 39TH PHOTOVOLTAIC SPECIALISTS CONFERENCE (PVSC) SE IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 39th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC) CY JUN 16-21, 2013 CL Tampa, FL SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Electron Devices Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Photon Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Power & Energy Soc, US Photovolta Mfg Consort, AZoCleantech Com, Latin Amer Renovable, Photovolta Int, PVTech, Solar Novus Today & Photon, Photon DE semiconductor device modeling; photovoltaic systems; parameter estimation ID LAMBERT W-FUNCTION; SOLAR-CELL MODEL; EXTRACTION METHOD; V CHARACTERISTICS; REAL VALUES; MODULE AB Many popular models for photovoltaic system performance (e.g., [1], [2]) employ a single diode model (e.g., [3]) to compute the IV curve for a module or string of modules for given irradiance and temperature conditions. Most commonly (e.g., [4]), parameters are determined using only current and voltage at short circuit, open circuit and maximum power from a single IV curve at standard test conditions, along with reported temperature coefficients. In contrast, module testing frequently records IV curves at a wide range of irradiance and temperature conditions, such as those specified in IEC 61853-1 [5], which, when available, should also be used to parameterize the performance model. We propose a parameter estimation method that makes use of the full range of available IV curves, and demonstrate the accuracy of the resulting performance model. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Hansen, CW (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 34 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 4 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0160-8371 BN 978-1-4799-3299-3 J9 IEEE PHOT SPEC CONF PY 2013 BP 223 EP 228 PG 6 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Physics GA BB0AV UT WOS:000340054100050 ER PT S AU Laghumavarapu, RB Liang, BL Bittner, Z Navruz, TS Hubbard, SM Norman, A Huffaker, DL AF Laghumavarapu, Ramesh B. Liang, Baolai L. Bittner, Zachery Navruz, Tugba S. Hubbard, Seth M. Norman, Andrew Huffaker, Diana L. GP IEEE TI GaSb/InGaAs Quantum Dot-Well Solar Cells SO 2013 IEEE 39TH PHOTOVOLTAIC SPECIALISTS CONFERENCE (PVSC) SE IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 39th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC) CY JUN 16-21, 2013 CL Tampa, FL SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Electron Devices Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Photon Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Power & Energy Soc, US Photovolta Mfg Consort, AZoCleantech Com, Latin Amer Renovable, Photovolta Int, PVTech, Solar Novus Today & Photon, Photon DE Quantum dot; Quantum wells; Dot in well; Intermediate band solar cells ID EFFICIENCY AB GaSb/InGaAs quantum dot-well (QDW) hybrid active regions with type-II band alignment are explored for increasing infrared absorption in GaAs solar cells. GaAs p-i-n structures studied in this work comprise five layers of either GaSb quantum dots (QD), In GaAs quantum wells (QW) or GaSb/InGaAs QDWs in the i-region. The QDW solar cells exhibited superior performance beyond the GaAs band edge compared to the QW and QD solar cells. In QDW solar cells improved efficiency is observed over QD solar cells due to additional QW absorption. An analysis of bulk response degradation in a QDW solar cell is also presented. Improved photo response in QDW solar cells over QW and QD solar cells proves the potential of QDW hybrid structures for realizing high efficiency intermediate band solar cells. C1 [Laghumavarapu, Ramesh B.; Huffaker, Diana L.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Elect Engn, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Liang, Baolai L.; Huffaker, Diana L.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Calif Nanosyst Inst, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Bittner, Zachery; Hubbard, Seth M.] Rochester Inst Technol, Dept Phys, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. [Navruz, Tugba S.] Gazi Univ, Fac Engn Architecture, Dept Elect & Elect Engn, TR-06570 Ankara, Turkey. [Norman, Andrew] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Laghumavarapu, RB (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Elect Engn, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. RI Norman, Andrew/F-1859-2010 OI Norman, Andrew/0000-0001-6368-521X FU U.S Department of Energy [DE-EE0005325]; Air Force Office of Scientific Research [AFINASSB01]; Department of Defense [(NSSEFF N00244-09-1-0091)] FX The authors greatly acknowledge the financial support of this research from U.S Department of Energy (through grant number DE-EE0005325), Air Force Office of Scientific Research (through grant number AFINASSB01) and Department of Defense (NSSEFF N00244-09-1-0091). NR 11 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 4 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0160-8371 BN 978-1-4799-3299-3 J9 IEEE PHOT SPEC CONF PY 2013 BP 292 EP 295 PG 4 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Physics GA BB0AV UT WOS:000340054100065 ER PT S AU Krishnan, R Tong, H Li, Z Muzzillo, C Kim, WK Payzant, EA Adelham, C Winkler, J Anderson, TJ AF Krishnan, R. Tong, H. Li, Z. Muzzillo, C. Kim, W. K. Payzant, E. A. Adelham, C. Winkler, J. Anderson, T. J. GP IEEE TI Effect of Na-doped Mo on Selenization Pathways for CuGa/In Metallic Precursors SO 2013 IEEE 39TH PHOTOVOLTAIC SPECIALISTS CONFERENCE (PVSC) SE IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 39th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC) CY JUN 16-21, 2013 CL Tampa, FL SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Electron Devices Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Photon Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Power & Energy Soc, US Photovolta Mfg Consort, AZoCleantech Com, Latin Amer Renovable, Photovolta Int, PVTech, Solar Novus Today & Photon, Photon DE HTXRD; CIGS; Na effect; selenization ID FILM SOLAR-CELLS; X-RAY-DIFFRACTION; STRUCTURAL-PROPERTIES; CU(IN,GA)SE-2; SODIUM; DIFFUSION; KINETICS; GROWTH AB Reaction pathways were followed for selenization of CuGa/In precursor structures using in-situ high temperature X-ray diffraction (HTXRD). Precursor films were deposited on Na-free and Na-doped Mo (3 and 5 at %)/Na-free glass. The precursor film was constituted with CuIn, In, Cu9Ga4, Cu3Ga, Cu16In9 and Mo. HTXRD measurements during temperature ramp selenization showed CIS formation occurs first, followed by CGS formation, and then mixing on the group III sub-lattice to form CIGS. CIGS formation was observed to be complete at similar to 450 degrees C for samples deposited on 5 at % Na-doped Mo substrates. MoSe2 formation was evidenced after the CIGS synthesis reaction was complete. The Ga distribution in the annealed CIGS was determined by Rietveld refinement. Isothermal reaction studies were conducted for CIGS (112) formation in the temperature range 260-320 degrees C to estimate the rate constants. C1 [Krishnan, R.; Tong, H.; Li, Z.; Muzzillo, C.; Anderson, T. J.] Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL 32603 USA. [Kim, W. K.] Yeungnam Univ, Gyongsan 710210, South Korea. [Payzant, E. A.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. [Adelham, C.; Winkler, J.] Plansee SE, Reutte 6600, Austria. RP Krishnan, R (reprint author), Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL 32603 USA. RI Payzant, Edward/B-5449-2009 OI Payzant, Edward/0000-0002-3447-2060 FU DOE/NREL Thin Film PV Partnership Program [DE-FG36-08GO18069]; Assistant Secretary for Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy; Office of FreedomCAR and Vehicle Technologies; High Temperature Materials Laboratory User Program; Oak Ridge National Laboratory; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC05-00OR22725] FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support of DOE/NREL Thin Film PV Partnership Program, under subcontract No.DE-FG36-08GO18069. The authors also appreciate sponsorship, in part, by the Assistant Secretary for Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Office of FreedomCAR and Vehicle Technologies, as part of the High Temperature Materials Laboratory User Program, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, managed by UT-Battelle, LLC, for the U.S. Department of Energy under contract number DE-AC05-00OR22725. The authors also thank Major Analytical Instrumentation Center (MAIC) at the University of Florida for providing access to TEM, SEM and AES. NR 17 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 5 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0160-8371 BN 978-1-4799-3299-3 J9 IEEE PHOT SPEC CONF PY 2013 BP 392 EP 397 PG 6 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Physics GA BB0AV UT WOS:000340054100090 ER PT S AU Agrawal, G Lentine, AL Gu, T Nielson, GN Haney, MW AF Agrawal, Gautam Lentine, Anthony L. Gu, Tian Nielson, Gregory N. Haney, Michael W. GP IEEE TI Performance Improvements in Microsystems Enabled Photovoltaics with Wider Acceptance Angles SO 2013 IEEE 39TH PHOTOVOLTAIC SPECIALISTS CONFERENCE (PVSC) SE IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 39th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC) CY JUN 16-21, 2013 CL Tampa, FL SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Electron Devices Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Photon Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Power & Energy Soc, US Photovolta Mfg Consort, AZoCleantech Com, Latin Amer Renovable, Photovolta Int, PVTech, Solar Novus Today & Photon, Photon DE solar energy; microoptics; photovoltaic cells; photovoltaic systems; multijunction solar cells ID SOLAR-CELLS AB Potential performance improvements due to optical designs with higher acceptance angles in systems such as those being developed for the microsystems enabled photovoltaic (MEPV) program are investigated. Higher acceptance angles may be achieved with non-imaging approaches for the concentrating optics. For moderate concentrations of similar to 100X, calculations based on the angular and spectral distributions of aerosol-scattered light show an improvement of similar to 0.4-2.3% in the annual average energy produced by increasing the acceptance angle from 2 degrees to 5 degrees, depending on the atmospheric conditions and location of the site under consideration. This performance improvement is mainly due to the larger amount of energy available in the wider cone due to forward scattering from aerosols. There is also a marginal improvement in the efficiency of the cells and modules under the spectra at the wider acceptance angle. C1 [Agrawal, Gautam; Gu, Tian; Haney, Michael W.] Univ Delaware, Newark, DE 19716 USA. [Lentine, Anthony L.; Nielson, Gregory N.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Agrawal, G (reprint author), Univ Delaware, Newark, DE 19716 USA. FU U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000]; Microsystems Enabled Photovoltaics Program at Sandia National Laboratories FX Sandia National Laboratories is a multi-program laboratory managed and operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corporation, for the U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. This work was sponsored under the Microsystems Enabled Photovoltaics Program at Sandia National Laboratories. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0160-8371 BN 978-1-4799-3299-3 J9 IEEE PHOT SPEC CONF PY 2013 BP 444 EP 449 PG 6 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Physics GA BB0AV UT WOS:000340054100102 ER PT S AU Nielson, GN Okandan, M Cruz-Campa, JL Lentine, AL Sweatt, WC Jared, BH Resnick, PJ Kim, B Anderson, BJ Gupta, VP Tauke-Pedretti, A Cederberg, JG Gu, T Haney, MW Paap, SM Sanchez, CA Nordquist, C Saavedra, MP Ballance, M Nguyen, J Alford, C Nelson, JS AF Nielson, Gregory N. Okandan, Murat Cruz-Campa, Jose L. Lentine, Anthony L. Sweatt, William C. Jared, Bradley H. Resnick, Paul J. Kim, Bongsang Anderson, Benjamin J. Gupta, Vipin P. Tauke-Pedretti, Anna Cederberg, Jeffrey G. Gu, Tian Haney, Michael W. Paap, Scott M. Sanchez, Carlos A. Nordquist, Christopher Saavedra, Michael P. Ballance, Mark Janet Nguyen Alford, Charles Nelson, Jeffrey S. GP IEEE TI 216 Cell Microconcentrator Module with Moderate Concentration, +/- 4 degrees Acceptance Angle, and 13.3 mm Focal Length SO 2013 IEEE 39TH PHOTOVOLTAIC SPECIALISTS CONFERENCE (PVSC) SE IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 39th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC) CY JUN 16-21, 2013 CL Tampa, FL SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Electron Devices Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Photon Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Power & Energy Soc, US Photovolta Mfg Consort, AZoCleantech Com, Latin Amer Renovable, Photovolta Int, PVTech, Solar Novus Today & Photon, Photon DE photovoltaic cells; solar energy; silicon solar system AB We report on a demonstration prototype module created to explore the viability of using microscale solar cells combined with microlens array concentrators to create a thin, flat-plate concentrator module with a relatively large acceptance angle for use with coarse two-axis tracking systems designed for flat-plate, one-sun modules. The demonstration module was comprised of an array of 216 cell/microlens units and was manufactured using standard tools common to the integrated circuit, microelectromechanical system (MEMS), and electronics assembly industries. The module demonstrated an acceptance angle of +/- 4 degrees, an optical concentration level of 36X, and a focal depth of 13.3 mm. The acceptance angle and focal depth of the system successfully demonstrated adequate performance for integration into a system using a coarse two-axis tracker for flat-plate modules. To fully take advantage of this system approach, significant future work is required to reduce optical losses, increase cell and module efficiency, reduce the focal length to approximately 5 mm, and increase the concentration level to greater than 100X while maintaining an acceptance angle of at least +/- 2 degrees. C1 [Nielson, Gregory N.; Okandan, Murat; Cruz-Campa, Jose L.; Lentine, Anthony L.; Sweatt, William C.; Jared, Bradley H.; Resnick, Paul J.; Kim, Bongsang; Anderson, Benjamin J.; Gupta, Vipin P.; Tauke-Pedretti, Anna; Cederberg, Jeffrey G.; Paap, Scott M.; Sanchez, Carlos A.; Nordquist, Christopher; Saavedra, Michael P.; Ballance, Mark; Janet Nguyen; Alford, Charles; Nelson, Jeffrey S.] Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Gu, Tian; Haney, Michael W.] Univ Delaware, Newark, DE 19716 USA. RP Nielson, GN (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 5 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0160-8371 BN 978-1-4799-3299-3 J9 IEEE PHOT SPEC CONF PY 2013 BP 465 EP 469 PG 5 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Physics GA BB0AV UT WOS:000340054100106 ER PT S AU Armijo, KM AF Armijo, Kenneth M. GP IEEE TI Performance Impact of Solar Gain on Photovoltaic Inverters and Utility-Scale Energy Generation Systems SO 2013 IEEE 39TH PHOTOVOLTAIC SPECIALISTS CONFERENCE (PVSC) SE IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 39th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC) CY JUN 16-21, 2013 CL Tampa, FL SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Electron Devices Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Photon Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Power & Energy Soc, US Photovolta Mfg Consort, AZoCleantech Com, Latin Amer Renovable, Photovolta Int, PVTech, Solar Novus Today & Photon, Photon DE Solar gain; inverter; photovoltaics; utility-scale PV plant ID IRRADIANCE; SURFACES; MODELS AB Accurate performance and reliability evaluation of utility-scale photovoltaic (PV) systems requires accountability of solar gain contributions. A novel solar gain utility-scale inverter model has been developed to characterize inverter efficiency with respect to solar resource, general ambient conditions and thermal system losses. A sensitivity analysis was performed to evaluate the robustness of the model based on four assumed material properties. This analysis revealed 22.9% modeled internal inverter temperature sensitivity to surface absorptivity, with significantly less sensitivity to other parameters studied, indicating the impact of proper surface coating material selection on solar thermal absorption. This analysis was applied to a large utility-scale PV plant, assessing performance data from twelve 500kW inverters, and environmental data from twelve respective meteorological test stations. An RMSE value of 6.1% was found between the model and measured inner inverter temperatures. The results also suggest a negative 3.6x10(-4) [W/m(2)](-1) normalized inverter efficiency correspondence with solar gain heat adsorption across the twelve inverters for a one-day, clear-sky time period. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Armijo, KM (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 26 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0160-8371 BN 978-1-4799-3299-3 J9 IEEE PHOT SPEC CONF PY 2013 BP 740 EP 745 PG 6 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Physics GA BB0AV UT WOS:000340054100167 ER PT S AU Duck, BC Fell, CJ Marion, B Emery, K AF Duck, Benjamin C. Fell, Christopher J. Marion, Bill Emery, Keith GP IEEE TI Comparing Standard Translation Methods for Predicting Photovoltaic Energy Production SO 2013 IEEE 39TH PHOTOVOLTAIC SPECIALISTS CONFERENCE (PVSC) SE IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 39th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC) CY JUN 16-21, 2013 CL Tampa, FL SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Electron Devices Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Photon Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Power & Energy Soc, US Photovolta Mfg Consort, AZoCleantech Com, Latin Amer Renovable, Photovolta Int, PVTech, Solar Novus Today & Photon, Photon DE accuracy; energy measurement; photovoltaic effects; prediction algorithms; standards AB Translation equations underpin all predictive models for the energy output of photovoltaics in the outdoor environment. These equations translate the performance of a PV device to an arbitrary temperature and irradiance, based on measurements taken under reference conditions. Little work has been done to compare and contrast the three translation methods recommended under IEC 60891. This is partly due to a lack of comprehensive test data, and partly due to the flexibility in the way these methods can be applied. Based on comprehensive outdoor test data, we have used software scripts to evaluate the performance of these three standard translation methods, where the choice of reference conditions has been optimized to produce the best result in different ranges of irradiance and temperature. This allows a fair comparison of their performance that is independent of the test site location. We map the performance of the three methods over a wide range of irradiance and temperature. C1 [Duck, Benjamin C.; Fell, Christopher J.] CSIRO Energy Technol, POB 330, Newcastle, NSW 2300, Australia. [Marion, Bill; Emery, Keith] NREL, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Duck, BC (reprint author), CSIRO Energy Technol, POB 330, Newcastle, NSW 2300, Australia. RI Fell, Christopher/B-3003-2011 OI Fell, Christopher/0000-0003-2517-3445 FU Australian Renewable Energy Agency (ARENA); U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC36-08-GO28308]; National Renewable Energy Laboratory FX This work was conducted under the CSIRO Energy Flagship program with support from the Australian Renewable Energy Agency (ARENA) and also the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC36-08-GO28308 with the National Renewable Energy Laboratory. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0160-8371 BN 978-1-4799-3299-3 J9 IEEE PHOT SPEC CONF PY 2013 BP 763 EP 768 PG 6 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Physics GA BB0AV UT WOS:000340054100172 ER PT S AU Lentine, AL Nielson, GN Okandan, M Cruz-Campa, JL Tauke-Pedretti, A AF Lentine, Anthony L. Nielson, Gregory N. Okandan, Murat Cruz-Campa, Jose-Luis Tauke-Pedretti, Anna GP IEEE TI Enhanced efficiency for voltage matched stacked multi-junction cells: optimization with yearly temperature and spectra variations SO 2013 IEEE 39TH PHOTOVOLTAIC SPECIALISTS CONFERENCE (PVSC) SE IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 39th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC) CY JUN 16-21, 2013 CL Tampa, FL SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Electron Devices Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Photon Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Power & Energy Soc, US Photovolta Mfg Consort, AZoCleantech Com, Latin Amer Renovable, Photovolta Int, PVTech, Solar Novus Today & Photon, Photon DE Photovoltaic cells; Photovoltaic systems; Solar Energy; Microoptics; Microsensors AB We calculate voltage-matching considerations for stacked independent cells. The calculations show that designs using independent junctions that are voltage matched can achieve better efficiency across temperature, spectrum, and a yearly metric compared to traditional monolithic cells. Voltage matching is shown to be relatively insensitive to temperature and spectrum, but dependent on open circuit voltage as a measure of cell efficiency. Voltage matching can usually yield yearly efficiencies of 98% - 99% of the efficiency of a system with each junction operating at its own maximum power point. C1 [Lentine, Anthony L.; Nielson, Gregory N.; Okandan, Murat; Cruz-Campa, Jose-Luis; Tauke-Pedretti, Anna] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Lentine, AL (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0160-8371 BN 978-1-4799-3299-3 J9 IEEE PHOT SPEC CONF PY 2013 BP 788 EP 790 PG 3 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Physics GA BB0AV UT WOS:000340054100177 ER PT S AU Riley, D Stein, J Kratochvil, J AF Riley, Daniel Stein, Joshua Kratochvil, Jay GP IEEE TI Testing and Characterization of PV Modules with Integrated Microinverters SO 2013 IEEE 39TH PHOTOVOLTAIC SPECIALISTS CONFERENCE (PVSC) SE IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 39th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC) CY JUN 16-21, 2013 CL Tampa, FL SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Electron Devices Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Photon Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Power & Energy Soc, US Photovolta Mfg Consort, AZoCleantech Com, Latin Amer Renovable, Photovolta Int, PVTech, Solar Novus Today & Photon, Photon DE inverters; photovoltaic systems; power electronics; solar energy AB Photovoltaic (PV) modules with attached microinverters are becoming increasingly popular in PV systems, especially in the residential system market, as such systems offer several benefits not found in PV systems utilizing central inverters. PV modules with fully integrated microinverters are emerging to fill a similar market space. These "AC modules" absorb solar energy and produce AC energy without allowing access to the intermediate DC bus. Existing test procedures and performance models designed for separate DC and AC components are unusable when the inverter is integrated into the module. Sandia National Laboratories is developing a new set of test procedures and performance model designed for AC modules. C1 [Riley, Daniel; Stein, Joshua; Kratochvil, Jay] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87123 USA. RP Riley, D (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87123 USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0160-8371 BN 978-1-4799-3299-3 J9 IEEE PHOT SPEC CONF PY 2013 BP 809 EP 814 PG 6 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Physics GA BB0AV UT WOS:000340054100181 ER PT S AU Bar, M Barreau, N Couzinie-Devy, F Felix, R Klaer, J Pookpanratana, S Blum, M Zhang, Y Denlinger, JD Yang, W Wilks, RG Weinhardt, L Schock, HW Kessler, J Heske, C AF Baer, M. Barreau, N. Couzinie-Devy, F. Felix, R. Klaer, J. Pookpanratana, S. Blum, M. Zhang, Y. Denlinger, J. D. Yang, W. Wilks, R. G. Weinhardt, L. Schock, H. -W. Kessler, J. Heske, C. GP IEEE TI The Heavily Intermixed In2S3/Cu(In,Ga)Se-2 Interface as Revealed by Photoelectron and Soft X-ray Emission Spectroscopy SO 2013 IEEE 39TH PHOTOVOLTAIC SPECIALISTS CONFERENCE (PVSC) SE IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 39th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC) CY JUN 16-21, 2013 CL Tampa, FL SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Electron Devices Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Photon Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Power & Energy Soc, US Photovolta Mfg Consort, AZoCleantech Com, Latin Amer Renovable, Photovolta Int, PVTech, Solar Novus Today & Photon, Photon DE chalcopyrite thin-film solar cells; In2S3 buffer layer; chemical and electronic interface structure ID FILM SOLAR-CELLS; INDIUM SULFIDE; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; CUINSE2; LAYERS; HETEROJUNCTION; DEPOSITION; SURFACE; IMPACT; IN2S3 AB We report on the characterization of the chemical and electronic interface structure of the heavily intermixed In2S3/Cu(In,Ga)Se-2 (CIGSe) interface. Discussing our findings inferred from direct and inverse photoemission as well as soft x-ray emission spectroscopy, we particularly focus on the impact of the interfacial intermixing/interdiffusion processes on the electronic band alignment at the interface. Furthermore, we present deposition-temperature-dependent data on the (In,Al)(2)S-3/CIGSe interface. We find that the chemical processes at the buffer/absorber interface are thermally activated with a threshold temperature of approximately 200 degrees C. C1 [Baer, M.; Felix, R.; Klaer, J.; Wilks, R. G.; Schock, H. -W.] Helmholtz Zentrum Berlin Mat & Energie GmbH, Berlin, Germany. [Baer, M.] Brandenburgische Techn Univ Cottbus, Inst Phys & Chem, Cottbus, Germany. [Baer, M.; Pookpanratana, S.; Blum, M.; Zhang, Y.; Weinhardt, L.; Heske, C.] Univ Nevada, Dept Chem, Las Vegas, NV USA. [Barreau, N.; Couzinie-Devy, F.; Kessler, J.] Univ Nantes, Inst Materiaux Jean Rouxel IMN, UMR 65020, F-44035 Nantes, France. [Blum, M.; Denlinger, J. D.; Yang, W.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Adv Light Source ALS, Lawrence, KS USA. [Zhang, Y.] Xiamen Univ, Dept Phys, Fujian 361005, Peoples R China. [Weinhardt, L.; Heske, C.] Karlsruhe Inst Technol, Inst Photon Sci & Synchrotron Radiat, Karlsruhe, Germany. [Weinhardt, L.; Heske, C.] Karlsruhe Inst Technol, ANKA Synchrotron Radiat Facility, Karlsruhe, Germany. [Heske, C.] Karlsruhe Inst Technol, Inst Chem Technol & Polymer Chem, Karlsruhe, Germany. RP Bar, M (reprint author), Helmholtz Zentrum Berlin Mat & Energie GmbH, Berlin, Germany. EM marcus.baer@helmholtz-berlin.de RI Yang, Wanli/D-7183-2011 OI Yang, Wanli/0000-0003-0666-8063 FU Department of Energy, Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; Helmholtz-Association [VH-NG-423]; German Academic Exchange Agency (DAAD [331 4 04 002] FX The ALS is supported by the Department of Energy, Basic Energy Sciences, Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. R.Felix, R.G. Wilks, and M. Bar acknowledge financial support by the Helmholtz-Association (VH-NG-423). R. Felix is additionally thankful to the German Academic Exchange Agency (DAAD; 331 4 04 002). NR 42 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 5 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0160-8371 BN 978-1-4799-3299-3 J9 IEEE PHOT SPEC CONF PY 2013 BP 857 EP 862 PG 6 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Physics GA BB0AV UT WOS:000340054100191 ER PT S AU Guhabiswas, D Sopori, B Rivero, R Ravindra, NM AF Guhabiswas, Debraj Sopori, Bhushan Rivero, Rene Ravindra, N. M. GP IEEE TI Extension of PV Optics to Include Front Metallization SO 2013 IEEE 39TH PHOTOVOLTAIC SPECIALISTS CONFERENCE (PVSC) SE IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 39th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC) CY JUN 16-21, 2013 CL Tampa, FL SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Electron Devices Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Photon Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Power & Energy Soc, US Photovolta Mfg Consort, AZoCleantech Com, Latin Amer Renovable, Photovolta Int, PVTech, Solar Novus Today & Photon, Photon DE optical simulations; ray-tracing; algorithm development; crystalline materials; solar cells; silicon AB PV Optics is an optical design package that was developed about a decade ago and has been extensively used since then for design of c-Si, and multijunction a-Si solar cells by researchers and engineers. However, this software did not have the capability to include the front metallization into the device structure. We have now developed version 3.0 of PV Optics, which overcomes this limitation and can be used for most of the current electrode designs for crystalline Si solar cells. A summary of this addition along with the results of a detailed study of the effect of front electrode architecture on the performance of (100) textured monocrystalline cells have been presented here. C1 [Guhabiswas, Debraj; Sopori, Bhushan; Rivero, Rene] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Guhabiswas, Debraj; Rivero, Rene; Ravindra, N. M.] New Jersey Inst Technol, Newark, NJ 07102 USA. RP Guhabiswas, D (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-A36-08-GO28308] FX This work was done at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado and was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy under contract no. DE-A36-08-GO28308. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0160-8371 BN 978-1-4799-3299-3 J9 IEEE PHOT SPEC CONF PY 2013 BP 927 EP 932 PG 6 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Physics GA BB0AV UT WOS:000340054100206 ER PT S AU Sopori, B Devayajanam, S Rivero, R Rupnowski, P AF Sopori, Bhushan Devayajanam, Srinivas Rivero, Rene Rupnowski, Peter GP IEEE TI Online Monitoring for Si Solar Cell Manufacturing SO 2013 IEEE 39TH PHOTOVOLTAIC SPECIALISTS CONFERENCE (PVSC) SE IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 39th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC) CY JUN 16-21, 2013 CL Tampa, FL SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Electron Devices Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Photon Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Power & Energy Soc, US Photovolta Mfg Consort, AZoCleantech Com, Latin Amer Renovable, Photovolta Int, PVTech, Solar Novus Today & Photon, Photon DE Reflectance imaging; solar cell monitoring; AR coating; Metallization line width ID THICKNESS AB We have developed an online monitoring system that can image various parameters of wafers and cells as they are transported over a conveyer belt. For silicon applications, these parameters include: sawing irregularities, texture quality and uniformity, AR coating thickness, metallization statistics on finger and busbar widths, and final "visual inspection." For a multicrystalline wafer, it also measures grain size and grain orientations. The system involves a light source and a line camera, to record the reflectance image of the wafer/cell moving at speeds up to 5 inches per second (ips). A high-speed computer then transforms the reflectance images into the appropriate parameter images. We will describe the essential principles of the system, image processing methods, and discuss examples of the applications in a manufacturing facility. The current system is a single wafer line, carrying wafers/cells at a speed of 2 inches per second. The imaging system can be adapted to existing conveyor belt assembly. C1 [Sopori, Bhushan; Devayajanam, Srinivas; Rivero, Rene] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Devayajanam, Srinivas; Rivero, Rene] New Jersey Inst Technol, Newark, NJ USA. [Rupnowski, Peter] Dow Corning Inc, Midland, MI USA. RP Sopori, B (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC36-08-GO28308] FX This work was done at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado and was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy under contract no. DE-AC36-08-GO28308. NR 9 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0160-8371 BN 978-1-4799-3299-3 J9 IEEE PHOT SPEC CONF PY 2013 BP 939 EP 944 PG 6 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Physics GA BB0AV UT WOS:000340054100208 ER PT S AU Sopori, B Devayajanam, S Shet, S Guhabiswas, D Basnyat, P Moutinho, H Gedvilas, L Jones, K Binns, J Appel, J AF Sopori, Bhushan Devayajanam, Srinivas Shet, Sudhakar Guhabiswas, Debraj Basnyat, Prakash Moutinho, Helio Gedvilas, Lynn Jones, Kim Binns, Jeff Appel, Jesse GP IEEE TI Characterizing Damage on Si Wafer Surfaces Cut by Slurry and Diamond Wire Sawing SO 2013 IEEE 39TH PHOTOVOLTAIC SPECIALISTS CONFERENCE (PVSC) SE IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 39th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC) CY JUN 16-21, 2013 CL Tampa, FL SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Electron Devices Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Photon Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Power & Energy Soc, US Photovolta Mfg Consort, AZoCleantech Com, Latin Amer Renovable, Photovolta Int, PVTech, Solar Novus Today & Photon, Photon DE Sawing; saw damage; minority carrier lifetime; dislocation networks; chemical etching AB We have measured and compared surface roughness and the degree of damage for wafers cut by three different sawing techniques-slurry, Ni-based diamond wire, and resin-based diamond wire sawing. The local damage was determined by angle polishing followed by defect etching, TEM, SEM/EBSD imaging and Raman imaging. It showed that each of the cutting processes produces a thin layer of amorphous Si at the surface and dislocation loops that can go about 1 mu m deep below the surface. A new approach was used to quantify the average damage over a large area. We determined the effective surface recombination (SRV) as a function of depth. Because the effective SRV is a function of the carrier loss close to the surface, it is well-suited to define damage distribution at and below the surface. Wafers with surface damage were step etched in (HF:HNO3:CH3COOH::1:1:5), and the effective lifetime was measured with a Sinton system after each etching step, with iodine-ethanol passivation. The SRV plots as a function of depth, representing depth distribution of the damage, were compared for large groups of wafers cut by each technique. Our results show that for optimized cutting, all three cutting methods produce damage depth of about 5 mu m (each surface). However, the degree of damage is higher for slurry cut wafers. C1 [Sopori, Bhushan; Devayajanam, Srinivas; Shet, Sudhakar; Guhabiswas, Debraj; Basnyat, Prakash; Moutinho, Helio; Gedvilas, Lynn; Jones, Kim] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Devayajanam, Srinivas; Shet, Sudhakar; Guhabiswas, Debraj; Basnyat, Prakash] New Jersey Inst Technol, Newark, NJ USA. [Binns, Jeff] MEMC Elect Materials, St Peters, MO USA. [Appel, Jesse] MEMC Elect Materials, Portland, OR USA. RP Appel, J (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC36-08GO28308]; NREL FX This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC36-08GO28308 with NREL. NR 6 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 6 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0160-8371 BN 978-1-4799-3299-3 J9 IEEE PHOT SPEC CONF PY 2013 BP 945 EP 950 PG 6 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Physics GA BB0AV UT WOS:000340054100209 ER PT S AU Hinkey, RT Lotfi, H Li, L Yang, RQ Klem, JF Keay, JC Johnson, MB AF Hinkey, Robert T. Lotfi, Hossein Li, Lu Yang, Rui Q. Klem, John F. Keay, Joel C. Johnson, Matthew B. GP IEEE TI Interband Casade Thermophotovoltaic Devices with Type-II Superlattice Absorbers of similar to 0.4 eV Bandgap SO 2013 IEEE 39TH PHOTOVOLTAIC SPECIALISTS CONFERENCE (PVSC) SE IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 39th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC) CY JUN 16-21, 2013 CL Tampa, FL SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Electron Devices Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Photon Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Power & Energy Soc, US Photovolta Mfg Consort, AZoCleantech Com, Latin Amer Renovable, Photovolta Int, PVTech, Solar Novus Today & Photon, Photon DE amorphous materials; charge carrier lifetime; photovoltaic cells; silicon ID CONVERSION; EFFICIENCY AB We present studies of two- and three-stage interband cascade thermophotovoltaic (TPV) devices grown by molecular beam epitaxy on GaSb substrates. The absorbers were composed of InAs-GaSb-Al0.8In0.2Sb-GaSb superlattices. The thin layers of AlInSb inserted into the superlattice enable the devices to have a relatively short cutoff wavelength of 3.0 mu m at room temperature. In addition, the absorber lengths of the cascade stages were varied across the structure in order to achieve better photocurrent matching between stages. The devices' photovoltaic properties were investigated with both a broadband blackbody source, and a mid-infrared laser with an emission wavelength within k(b)T of the absorber bandgap. We observe that the three-stage devices can achieve higher values of output power than the two-stage devices, despite a certain mismatch of photocurrent between the stages. In addition, these three-stage devices are able to achieve values of open-circuit voltage comparable to wider-bandgap GaSb-based TPV devices at significantly lower values of the short-circuit current density. C1 [Hinkey, Robert T.; Lotfi, Hossein; Li, Lu; Yang, Rui Q.] Univ Oklahoma, Sch Elect & Comp Engn, Norman, OK 73019 USA. [Hinkey, Robert T.; Keay, Joel C.; Johnson, Matthew B.] Univ Oklahoma, Homer L Dodge Dept Phys & Astron, Norman, OK 73019 USA. [Klem, John F.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Hinkey, RT (reprint author), Univ Oklahoma, Sch Elect & Comp Engn, Norman, OK 73019 USA. FU DoE EPSCoR [DE-SC0004523]; C-SPIN; Okahoma/Arkansas MRSEC [DMR-0520550]; U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000] FX We are grateful to Lihua Zhao and Chao Niu for technical assistance. This work is supported in part by DoE EPSCoR program (Award No. DE-SC0004523), and by C-SPIN, the Okahoma/Arkansas MRSEC (DMR-0520550). Sandia National Laboratories is a multi-program laboratory managed and operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corporation, for the U.S. Department of Energys National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 4 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0160-8371 BN 978-1-4799-3299-3 J9 IEEE PHOT SPEC CONF PY 2013 BP 1013 EP 1016 PG 4 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Physics GA BB0AV UT WOS:000340054100223 ER PT S AU Chen, GB Yu, KM Reichertz, LA Walukiewicz, W AF Chen, Guibin Yu, K. M. Reichertz, L. A. Walukiewicz, W. GP IEEE TI Material Properties of Cd1-xMgxO Transparent Conductors SO 2013 IEEE 39TH PHOTOVOLTAIC SPECIALISTS CONFERENCE (PVSC) SE IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 39th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC) CY JUN 16-21, 2013 CL Tampa, FL SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Electron Devices Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Photon Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Power & Energy Soc, US Photovolta Mfg Consort, AZoCleantech Com, Latin Amer Renovable, Photovolta Int, PVTech, Solar Novus Today & Photon, Photon DE transparent conductors; oxide semiconductors; photovoltaics; sputtering ID SEMICONDUCTORS; OXIDES; FILMS AB We have studied structural, electrical and optical properties of ternary Cd1-xMgxO alloy thin films synthesized by radio frequency magnetron sputtering method with Mg content as high as x=0.44. We found that only a fraction (50-60%) of Mg is incorporated as substitutional Mg contributing to the modification of the electronic structure of the alloy. The electrical and optical results of the Cd1-xMgxO alloys are analyzed in terms of a large upward shift of the conduction band edge with increasing Mg content. The rapid increase of the optical band gap offers a potential of using Cd-rich CdMgO alloys as transparent conductors for photovoltaics. C1 [Chen, Guibin; Yu, K. M.; Reichertz, L. A.; Walukiewicz, W.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Chen, GB (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. OI Yu, Kin Man/0000-0003-1350-9642 NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0160-8371 BN 978-1-4799-3299-3 J9 IEEE PHOT SPEC CONF PY 2013 BP 1105 EP 1109 PG 5 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Physics GA BB0AV UT WOS:000340054100245 ER PT S AU Perkins, JD Nix, M Dameron, AA Zakutayev, A Gennett, T Ginley, DS AF Perkins, J. D. Nix, M. Dameron, A. A. Zakutayev, A. Gennett, T. Ginley, D. S. GP IEEE TI Reactive Sputtering of Amorphous In-Zn-O TCO from Metallic Targets SO 2013 IEEE 39TH PHOTOVOLTAIC SPECIALISTS CONFERENCE (PVSC) SE IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 39th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC) CY JUN 16-21, 2013 CL Tampa, FL SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Electron Devices Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Photon Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Power & Energy Soc, US Photovolta Mfg Consort, AZoCleantech Com, Latin Amer Renovable, Photovolta Int, PVTech, Solar Novus Today & Photon, Photon ID TRANSPARENT CONDUCTORS AB Amorphous In-Zn-O (a-IZO) transparent conducting oxides with conductivity sigma approximate to 3000 S/cm can be sputter deposited at ambient temperature, are damp-heat resistant and have been demonstrated to work well as transparent contacts for CIGS PV and Epi-Si PV. However, the high cost of ceramic In-Zn-O sputter targets has limited the widespread use of a-IZO TCOs in PV. Here, we demonstrate a new process that results in conductive and transparent a-InZnO thin films deposited via reactive sputtering from a metallic In-Zn alloy target. The highest conductivity obtained to date, sigma approximate to 2100 S/cm, is an order of magnitude higher than the previous best literature result for reactively sputtered a-InZnO. C1 [Perkins, J. D.; Nix, M.; Dameron, A. A.; Zakutayev, A.; Gennett, T.; Ginley, D. S.] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Perkins, JD (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. OI Zakutayev, Andriy/0000-0002-3054-5525 NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 7 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0160-8371 BN 978-1-4799-3299-3 J9 IEEE PHOT SPEC CONF PY 2013 BP 1168 EP 1169 PG 2 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Physics GA BB0AV UT WOS:000340054100258 ER PT S AU Cruz-Campa, JL Nielson, GN Okandan, M Resnick, PJ Sanchez, CA Nguyen, J Yang, BB Kilgo, AC Ford, C Nelson, JS AF Cruz-Campa, Jose L. Nielson, Gregory N. Okandan, Murat Resnick, Paul J. Sanchez, Carlos A. Janet Nguyen Yang, Benjamin B. Kilgo, Alice C. Ford, Christine Nelson, Jeff S. GP IEEE TI Ultra-thin single crystal silicon modules capable of 450 W/kg and bending radii < 1mm: fabrication and characterization SO 2013 IEEE 39TH PHOTOVOLTAIC SPECIALISTS CONFERENCE (PVSC) SE IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 39th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC) CY JUN 16-21, 2013 CL Tampa, FL SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Electron Devices Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Photon Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Power & Energy Soc, US Photovolta Mfg Consort, AZoCleantech Com, Latin Amer Renovable, Photovolta Int, PVTech, Solar Novus Today & Photon, Photon DE photovoltaic cells; solar energy; silicon; thin film devices; flexible electronics ID SOLAR-CELLS AB We present ultra-thin single crystal mini-modules built with specific power of 450 W/kg capable of voltages of >1000 V/cm(2). These modules are also ultra-flexible with tight bending radii down to 1 mm. The module is composed of hundreds of back contact microcells with thicknesses of approximately 20 mu m and diameters between 500-720 mu m. The cells are interconnected to a flexible circuit through solder contacts. We studied the characteristics of several mini-modules through optical inspection, evaluation of quantum efficiency, measurement of current-voltage curves, and temperature dependence. Major efficiency losses are caused by missing cells or non-interconnected cells. Secondarily, damage incurred during separation of 500 mu m cells from the substrate caused material detachment. The detachment induced higher recombination and low performance. Modules made with the larger cells (720 mu m) performed better due to having no missing cells, no material detachment and optimized AR coatings. The conversion efficiency of the best mini module was 13.75% with a total V-oc = 7.9 V. C1 [Cruz-Campa, Jose L.; Nielson, Gregory N.; Okandan, Murat; Resnick, Paul J.; Sanchez, Carlos A.; Janet Nguyen; Yang, Benjamin B.; Kilgo, Alice C.; Ford, Christine; Nelson, Jeff S.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87123 USA. RP Cruz-Campa, JL (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, MS 1069, Albuquerque, NM 87123 USA. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0160-8371 BN 978-1-4799-3299-3 J9 IEEE PHOT SPEC CONF PY 2013 BP 1218 EP 1223 PG 6 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Physics GA BB0AV UT WOS:000340054100270 ER PT S AU Ahrenkiel, RK Johnston, SW AF Ahrenkiel, Richard K. Johnston, Steven W. GP IEEE TI Resonant Coupling For Contact less Measurement of Carrier Lifetime SO 2013 IEEE 39TH PHOTOVOLTAIC SPECIALISTS CONFERENCE (PVSC) SE IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 39th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC) CY JUN 16-21, 2013 CL Tampa, FL SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Electron Devices Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Photon Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Power & Energy Soc, US Photovolta Mfg Consort, AZoCleantech Com, Latin Amer Renovable, Photovolta Int, PVTech, Solar Novus Today & Photon, Photon ID RECOMBINATION VELOCITY AB We will describe the operation of the resonance-coupled photoconductive decay (RCPCD) technique. Measurements uses a high quality factor (Q) parallel resonant circuit that is in proximity to the sample under test, the system behaves like a parallel resonant RLC high-Q circuit. The system Q is adjusted by q moveable platform that changes the sample-sensor spacing. The system resonant frequency w(0) is modulated b the sample conductivity. The sensitivity increases with system Q, but the response time also increases as 2LQ/sqrt(LC). Here we will present the theory of operation and representative data from a wide range of samples. C1 [Ahrenkiel, Richard K.; Johnston, Steven W.] Natl Renewal Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Ahrenkiel, RK (reprint author), Natl Renewal Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0160-8371 BN 978-1-4799-3299-3 J9 IEEE PHOT SPEC CONF PY 2013 BP 1389 EP 1393 PG 5 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Physics GA BB0AV UT WOS:000340054100313 ER PT S AU Gangam, S Jeffries, A Fenning, DP Lai, B Maser, J Buonassisi, T Honsberg, C Bertoni, MI AF Gangam, S. Jeffries, A. Fenning, D. P. Lai, B. Maser, J. Buonassisi, T. Honsberg, C. Bertoni, M. I. GP IEEE TI In-situ Stage Development for High-Temperature X-ray Nanocharacterization of Defects in Solar cells SO 2013 IEEE 39TH PHOTOVOLTAIC SPECIALISTS CONFERENCE (PVSC) SE IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 39th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC) CY JUN 16-21, 2013 CL Tampa, FL SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Electron Devices Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Photon Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Power & Energy Soc, US Photovolta Mfg Consort, AZoCleantech Com, Latin Amer Renovable, Photovolta Int, PVTech, Solar Novus Today & Photon, Photon DE solar cells; X-ray microscopy; in-situ characterization ID MICROSCOPY; EFFICIENCY AB The vast majority of photovoltaic materials are highly sensitive to the presence of inhomogeneously distributed nanoscale defects, which commonly regulate the overall performance of the devices. The defects can take the form of impurities, stoichiometry variations, microstructural misalignments, and secondary phases - the majority of which are created during solar cell processing. Scientific understanding of these defects and development of defect-engineering techniques have the potential to significantly increase cell efficiencies, as well as provide a science-based approach to increase the competitiveness for the US PV industry on a dollar per installed kWh criterion. For the case of Cu(In,Ga)Se-2 devices for example, the theoretically limit sits at 30.5% efficiency [1], thus, surpassing DOE's SunShot goals for cost-competitive solar power. However, to date, CIGS laboratory scale cells have been reported to achieve only 20.3% efficiencies and modules have not crossed the 15 A certified efficiency barrier. Recent reports have suggested that these record cells are limited by non-ideal recombination and, more specifically, by an increased saturation current that seems to originate from the particular defect chemistry at structural defects. In order to understand the severe efficiency limitations that currently affect solar cell materials, it is necessary to understand in detail the role of defects and their interactions under actual operating and processing conditions. In this work we propose to develop a high-temperature, in-situ stage for X-ray microscopes, with the capabilities of temperature and ambient control. Here, we provide insight into the design and preliminary testing at the Advanced Photon Source with beam sizes approximate to 100nm. C1 [Gangam, S.; Jeffries, A.; Honsberg, C.; Bertoni, M. I.] Arizona State Univ, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. [Fenning, D. P.; Buonassisi, T.] MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Lai, B.; Maser, J.] Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Gangam, S (reprint author), Arizona State Univ, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. EM bertoni@asu.edu FU Director, Office of Science; Office of Basic Energy Sciences; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-06CH11357, DE-EE0005948]; National Science Foundation FX W. Shafarman is acknowledged for providing the CIGS samples for the preliminary studies. The Advanced Photon Source is supported by the Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. Support for this research was provided by the U.S. Department of Energy, under contract number DE-EE0005948. D.P. Fenning acknowledges support of the National Science Foundation. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0160-8371 BN 978-1-4799-3299-3 J9 IEEE PHOT SPEC CONF PY 2013 BP 1394 EP + PG 2 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Physics GA BB0AV UT WOS:000340054100314 ER PT S AU Chen, FX Zhang, Y Gfroerer, TH Finger, AN Wanlass, MW AF Chen, Fengxiang Zhang, Yong Gfroerer, T. H. Finger, A. N. Wanlass, M. W. GP IEEE TI Modeling Photoluminescence Spatial Mapping of an Isolated Defect under Uniform and Selective Excitation SO 2013 IEEE 39TH PHOTOVOLTAIC SPECIALISTS CONFERENCE (PVSC) SE IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 39th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC) CY JUN 16-21, 2013 CL Tampa, FL SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Electron Devices Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Photon Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Power & Energy Soc, US Photovolta Mfg Consort, AZoCleantech Com, Latin Amer Renovable, Photovolta Int, PVTech, Solar Novus Today & Photon, Photon DE extended defect; diffusion; recombination; photoluminescence; steady state; contrast function; modeling AB In this work, two different excitation/detection modes, U/L mode and L/L mode for probing an extended defect are compared and discussed. A contrast function is introduced to describe the influence of the defect. We have found that the contrast function not only depends on dimensionality of the system (1-D vs. 2-D), but also depends on the excitation/detection mode. Photoluminescence mapping data using the two modes to study an isolated defect in GaAs are analyzed using our models. The results suggest that the L/L mode can, in principle, offer significantly better spatial resolution than the U/L mode. C1 [Chen, Fengxiang; Zhang, Yong] Univ N Carolina, Charlotte, NC 28223 USA. [Chen, Fengxiang] Wuhan Univ Technol, Wuhan 430070, Peoples R China. [Gfroerer, T. H.; Finger, A. N.] Davidson Coll, Davidson, NC 28035 USA. [Wanlass, M. W.] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Chen, FX (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Charlotte, NC 28223 USA. FU DARPA/MTO; CRI; Bissell Distinguished Professorship; Wuhan University of Technology; Wuhan University of Technology at UNC-Charlotte FX We thank supports from DARPA/MTO, CRI, and Bissell Distinguished Professorship. And the authors would like to thank J. J. Carapella for performing the MOVPE growth. F.-X. Chen is supported by Wuhan University of Technology for her visit at UNC-Charlotte. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0160-8371 BN 978-1-4799-3299-3 J9 IEEE PHOT SPEC CONF PY 2013 BP 1402 EP 1405 PG 4 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Physics GA BB0AV UT WOS:000340054100316 ER PT S AU Dissanayake, N Ashraf, A Pang, YT Eisaman, MD AF Dissanayake, Nanditha Ashraf, Ahsan Pang, Yutong Eisaman, Matthew D. GP IEEE TI Hyperspectral Guided-Mode Quantum Efficiency: A Novel Characterization Technique for Thin-Film Photovoltaics SO 2013 IEEE 39TH PHOTOVOLTAIC SPECIALISTS CONFERENCE (PVSC) SE IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 39th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC) CY JUN 16-21, 2013 CL Tampa, FL SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Electron Devices Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Photon Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Power & Energy Soc, US Photovolta Mfg Consort, AZoCleantech Com, Latin Amer Renovable, Photovolta Int, PVTech, Solar Novus Today & Photon, Photon DE Guided-mode quantum efficiency; Thin-film photovoltaics; light trapping ID SOLAR-CELLS; ABSORPTION AB We present a novel and comprehensive technique to measure the internal quantum efficiency of light absorbed as a guided-mode in a thin-film photovoltaic (TPV) over a broad range of wavelengths. Evanescent prism coupling is utilized to selectively excite individual guided-modes at a given wavelength and polarization across a broad spectrum. The Guided-Mode Quantum Efficiency (GIQE) provides a direct quantitative method to design TPVs which can optimize light trapping through guided-modes for higher power conversion efficiency. Furthermore, using theoretical photocarrier generation profile and GIQE of a specific guided-mode, we can probe the spatially dependent charge extraction in the active layer in a direction normal to the substrate. Therefore this technique enables the identification of regions of poor performance due to recombination and trapping within the active layer in a TPV device. C1 [Dissanayake, Nanditha; Ashraf, Ahsan; Pang, Yutong; Eisaman, Matthew D.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Dissanayake, N (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0160-8371 BN 978-1-4799-3299-3 J9 IEEE PHOT SPEC CONF PY 2013 BP 1406 EP 1411 PG 6 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Physics GA BB0AV UT WOS:000340054100317 ER PT S AU Burton, PD King, BH AF Burton, Patrick D. King, Bruce H. GP IEEE TI Artificial Soiling of Photovoltaic Module Surfaces using Traceable Soil Components SO 2013 IEEE 39TH PHOTOVOLTAIC SPECIALISTS CONFERENCE (PVSC) SE IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 39th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC) CY JUN 16-21, 2013 CL Tampa, FL SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Electron Devices Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Photon Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Power & Energy Soc, US Photovolta Mfg Consort, AZoCleantech Com, Latin Amer Renovable, Photovolta Int, PVTech, Solar Novus Today & Photon, Photon AB Effective evaluation and prediction of photovoltaic performance loss due to soiling requires consistent test methods. Natural grime accumulation is time-consuming and location-specific, and thus does not provide reproducible results across different geographic regions. Therefore, we have demonstrated a technique to apply artificial soiling with NIST-traceable components using an aerosol spray technique. This approach produces consistent soil coatings which were directly correlated to performance loss of multicrystalline Si cells in a laboratory setting. By tailoring the composition of the test blend, termed 'standard grime', the loss due to soiling can be effectively predicted over a range of mass loadings and soil types. C1 [Burton, Patrick D.; King, Bruce H.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Burton, PD (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM pdburto@sandia.gov NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0160-8371 BN 978-1-4799-3299-3 J9 IEEE PHOT SPEC CONF PY 2013 BP 1542 EP 1545 PG 4 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Physics GA BB0AV UT WOS:000340054100348 ER PT S AU Rance, WL Burst, JM Reese, MO Meysing, DM Wolden, CA Gessert, TA Garner, S Cimo, P Barnes, TM AF Rance, W. L. Burst, J. M. Reese, M. O. Meysing, D. M. Wolden, C. A. Gessert, T. A. Garner, S. Cimo, P. Barnes, T. M. GP IEEE TI The Use of Corning (R) Willow (TM) Glass for Flexible CdTe Solar Cells SO 2013 IEEE 39TH PHOTOVOLTAIC SPECIALISTS CONFERENCE (PVSC) SE IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 39th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC) CY JUN 16-21, 2013 CL Tampa, FL SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Electron Devices Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Photon Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Power & Energy Soc, US Photovolta Mfg Consort, AZoCleantech Com, Latin Amer Renovable, Photovolta Int, PVTech, Solar Novus Today & Photon, Photon DE Thin films; II-VI semiconductor materials; Photovoltaic cells AB New flexible glass products should enable the fabrication of high efficiency, flexible CdTe devices because of their high optical transmission and compatibility with the high temperature processing conditions often used for making high performance CdTe solar cells. Here, we will report on our preliminary results using Corning (R) Willow (TM) Glass in a high temperature CdTe device fabrication process. For all device studies, we used MOCVD deposited SnO2:F/SnO2 bilayers as the transparent conducting oxide/buffer. We investigated CdS window layers deposited by both room temperature sputtering and chemical bath deposition (CBD). Using 550 degrees C CdTe layers deposited by close-spaced sublimation (CSS) on both types of CdS layers, we made CdTe devices with efficiencies above 12% with Willow Glass. These efficiencies are comparable to identically processed devices on rigid glass, confirming that Willow Glass is compatible with all high temperature CdTe processing steps. C1 [Rance, W. L.; Burst, J. M.; Reese, M. O.; Gessert, T. A.; Barnes, T. M.] NREL, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Meysing, D. M.; Wolden, C. A.] Colorado Sch Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Garner, S.; Cimo, P.] Corning Inc, Corning, NY 14831 USA. RP Rance, WL (reprint author), NREL, Golden, CO 80401 USA. NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 58 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0160-8371 BN 978-1-4799-3299-3 J9 IEEE PHOT SPEC CONF PY 2013 BP 1649 EP 1652 PG 4 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Physics GA BB0AV UT WOS:000340054100370 ER PT S AU Wang, ZW Jones, KM Norman, AG Moseley, J Repins, IL Noufi, R Yan, YF Al-Jassim, MM AF Wang, Zhiwei Jones, Kim M. Norman, Andrew G. Moseley, John Repins, Ingrid L. Noufi, Rommel Yan, Yanfa Al-Jassim, Mowafak M. GP IEEE TI Electron Microscopy Study of Individual Grain Boundaries in Cu2ZnSnSe4 Thin Films SO 2013 IEEE 39TH PHOTOVOLTAIC SPECIALISTS CONFERENCE (PVSC) SE IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 39th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC) CY JUN 16-21, 2013 CL Tampa, FL SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Electron Devices Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Photon Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Power & Energy Soc, US Photovolta Mfg Consort, AZoCleantech Com, Latin Amer Renovable, Photovolta Int, PVTech, Solar Novus Today & Photon, Photon DE Cu2ZnSnSe4; polycrystalline thin film; grain boundary; cathodoluminescence; electron microscopy AB We study the structural, chemical, and electronic properties of individual grain boundaries in Cu2ZnSnSe4 (CZTSe) using combined electron microscopy techniques including scanning electron microscopy-based cathodoluminescence (CL)-spectrum imaging and scanning transmission electron microscopy-based Z-contrast imaging and energy-dispersive spectroscopy profiling. Two representative grain boundaries have been studied. We find that the grain boundary that exhibits a redshift in the CL spectrum image is found to link to a ZnSe second phase. The grain boundary showing no redshift in the CL spectrum image is not linked to any secondary phase. The stability of CZTSe cross-section samples with storage time is also discussed. C1 [Wang, Zhiwei; Jones, Kim M.; Norman, Andrew G.; Moseley, John; Repins, Ingrid L.; Noufi, Rommel; Al-Jassim, Mowafak M.] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Wang, Zhiwei; Yan, Yanfa] Univ Toledo, Dept Phys & Astron, Toledo, OH 43606 USA. [Wang, Zhiwei; Yan, Yanfa] Univ Toledo, Wright Ctr Photovolta Innovat & Commercializat, Toledo, OH 43606 USA. RP Wang, ZW (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RI Norman, Andrew/F-1859-2010 OI Norman, Andrew/0000-0001-6368-521X FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC36-08GO28308]; Ohio Research Scholar Program (ORSP) FX This work at NREL was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC36-08GO28308. Yanfa Yan acknowledges the support from the Ohio Research Scholar Program (ORSP). The authors would thank Manuel J. Romero for his work in the CL experimental measurements. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0160-8371 BN 978-1-4799-3299-3 J9 IEEE PHOT SPEC CONF PY 2013 BP 1681 EP 1684 PG 4 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Physics GA BB0AV UT WOS:000340054100377 ER PT S AU Quiroz, JE Reno, MJ Broderick, RJ AF Quiroz, Jimmy E. Reno, Matthew J. Broderick, Robert J. GP IEEE TI Time Series Simulation of Voltage Regulation Device Control Modes SO 2013 IEEE 39TH PHOTOVOLTAIC SPECIALISTS CONFERENCE (PVSC) SE IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 39th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC) CY JUN 16-21, 2013 CL Tampa, FL SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Electron Devices Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Photon Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Power & Energy Soc, US Photovolta Mfg Consort, AZoCleantech Com, Latin Amer Renovable, Photovolta Int, PVTech, Solar Novus Today & Photon, Photon DE distributed power generation; open source software; photovoltaic systems; power system interconnection; power system modeling; time series analysis; voltage control AB The integration of photovoltaic systems (PV) on distribution feeders may result in unfavorable increases in the number of operations of voltage regulation devices, or may decrease the effectiveness of their settings, resulting in the need for mitigation. Voltage regulation devices commonly use controllers that have time delay settings and sample power system parameters at a high frequency. Quasi-static time series (QSTS) power flow simulation is necessary to properly analyze the impact of distributed PV integration on voltage regulation device operations. It is possible to properly simulate complex control algorithms through a COM interface program, resulting in more realistic and valuable results. C1 [Quiroz, Jimmy E.; Broderick, Robert J.] Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Reno, Matthew J.] Georgia Inst Technol, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. RP Quiroz, JE (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. FU U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000] FX Sandia National Laboratories is a multi-program laboratory managed and operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corporation, for the U.S. Department of Energys National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. NR 8 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0160-8371 BN 978-1-4799-3299-3 J9 IEEE PHOT SPEC CONF PY 2013 BP 1700 EP 1705 PG 6 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Physics GA BB0AV UT WOS:000340054100381 ER PT S AU Broderick, RJ Williams, JR AF Broderick, Robert J. Williams, Joseph R. GP IEEE TI Clustering Methodology for Classifying Distribution Feeders SO 2013 IEEE 39TH PHOTOVOLTAIC SPECIALISTS CONFERENCE (PVSC) SE IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 39th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC) CY JUN 16-21, 2013 CL Tampa, FL SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Electron Devices Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Photon Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Power & Energy Soc, US Photovolta Mfg Consort, AZoCleantech Com, Latin Amer Renovable, Photovolta Int, PVTech, Solar Novus Today & Photon, Photon DE clustering; distribution feeder; cubic clustering criterion; principal components AB The screening process for DG interconnection procedures needs to be improved in order to increase the penetration of PV systems on the distribution grid. A significant improvement in the current screening process could be achieved by finding a method to classify the feeders in a utility service territory and determine the sensitivity of particular groups of distribution feeders to the impacts of high PV deployment levels. This paper presents a method for separating a utility's distribution feeders into unique clusters using the k-means clustering algorithm. An approach for determining the feeder variables of interest for use in a clustering algorithm is also described. The Cubic Clustering Criterion is used as a quality metric for determining the optimum number of clusters in a large dataset of over 3000 feeders from western utilities. An approach is illustrated for choosing the feeder variables to be utilized in the clustering process and a method is identified for determining the optimal number of representative clusters.. C1 [Broderick, Robert J.; Williams, Joseph R.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Broderick, RJ (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 8 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0160-8371 BN 978-1-4799-3299-3 J9 IEEE PHOT SPEC CONF PY 2013 BP 1706 EP 1710 PG 5 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Physics GA BB0AV UT WOS:000340054100382 ER PT S AU Cale, J Narang, D AF Cale, James Narang, David GP IEEE TI High-Penetration PV Deployment in the Arizona Public Service System, Phase 2 Results and Update on Phase 3 SO 2013 IEEE 39TH PHOTOVOLTAIC SPECIALISTS CONFERENCE (PVSC) SE IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 39th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC) CY JUN 16-21, 2013 CL Tampa, FL SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Electron Devices Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Photon Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Power & Energy Soc, US Photovolta Mfg Consort, AZoCleantech Com, Latin Amer Renovable, Photovolta Int, PVTech, Solar Novus Today & Photon, Photon DE photovoltaic power systems; high-penetration PV; SCADA systems; data acquisition AB In an effort to better understand the impacts of high penetrations of photovoltaic (PV) generators on distribution systems, Arizona Public Service and its partners are implementing a multi-year project to develop the tools and knowledgebase needed to safely and reliably integrate high penetrations of utility- and residential-scale PV. Building upon the APS Community Power Project-Flagstaff Pilot, this project investigates the impact of PV on a representative feeder in northeast Flagstaff. To quantify and catalog the effects of the estimated 1.3 MW of PV that will be installed on the feeder (both smaller units at homes as well as large, centrally located systems), high-speed weather and electrical data acquisition systems and digital "smart" meters were designed and installed to facilitate monitoring and to build and validate comprehensive, high-resolution models of the distribution system. These models are being developed to analyze the impacts of PV on distribution circuit protection systems (including coordination and anti-islanding), predict voltage regulation and phase balance issues, and develop volt/var control schemes. This paper continues from a paper presented at the 2012 IEEE PVSC conference that described baseline feeder modeling and preliminary steps toward data acquisition and model validation. This paper presents results from Phase 2, and gives an update on Phase 3 of the project. Specifically, the paper discusses updated results from the data acquisition effort, newly developed graphical analysis tools, continued feeder modeling, utility-scale PV integration and performance, continued model validation, and plans for future phases. C1 [Cale, James] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Narang, David] Arizona Publ Serv, Phoenix, AZ USA. RP Cale, J (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. FU Department of Energy [DE-EE0004679] FX This material is based upon work supported by the Department of Energy under Award Number DE-EE0004679. The authors would like to recognize project partners Arizona State University, GE Global Research, GE Energy, and ViaSol Energy Solutions for their significant contributions to the project. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0160-8371 BN 978-1-4799-3299-3 J9 IEEE PHOT SPEC CONF PY 2013 BP 1711 EP 1714 PG 4 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Physics GA BB0AV UT WOS:000340054100383 ER PT S AU Mansfield, LM Ishizuka, S DeHart, C Scott, M To, B Young, MR Noufi, R AF Mansfield, Lorelle M. Ishizuka, Shogo DeHart, Clay Scott, Marty To, Bobby Young, Matthew R. Noufi, Rommel GP IEEE TI Rapid Fabrication of Cu(In,Ga)Se-2 Thin Films from Se-containing Precursors by the Two-step Selenization Process SO 2013 IEEE 39TH PHOTOVOLTAIC SPECIALISTS CONFERENCE (PVSC) SE IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 39th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC) CY JUN 16-21, 2013 CL Tampa, FL SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Electron Devices Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Photon Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Power & Energy Soc, US Photovolta Mfg Consort, AZoCleantech Com, Latin Amer Renovable, Photovolta Int, PVTech, Solar Novus Today & Photon, Photon DE Cu(in,Ga)Se-2; copper compounds; current-voltage characteristics; photovoltaic cells; thin films ID SOLAR-CELLS; EFFICIENCY; VAPOR AB We are investigating the two-step selenization process for fabricating Cu(In,Ga)Se-2 thin films with the objectives of a rapid selenization step and a homogeneous film without the addition of sulfur. Here, we focus on Se-containing precursors to gain an understanding of the reaction pathway in order to speed up the selenization process. Elemental depth profiles show that including an optimal amount of Se in the precursor resulted in a more uniform composition throughout the film thickness. Solar cell devices were made from each film. Our goal is to fabricate high-efficiency solar cells by a rapid, two-step selenization that will be transferrable to a simple industrial process. C1 [Mansfield, Lorelle M.; Ishizuka, Shogo; DeHart, Clay; Scott, Marty; To, Bobby; Young, Matthew R.; Noufi, Rommel] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Mansfield, LM (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0160-8371 BN 978-1-4799-3299-3 J9 IEEE PHOT SPEC CONF PY 2013 BP 1744 EP 1748 PG 5 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Physics GA BB0AV UT WOS:000340054100390 ER PT S AU Honrubia-Escribano, A Molina-Garcia, A Gomez-Lazaro, E Muljadi, E AF Honrubia-Escribano, A. Molina-Garcia, A. Gomez-Lazaro, E. Muljadi, E. GP IEEE TI Power Quality Survey of a Photovoltaic Power Plant SO 2013 IEEE 39TH PHOTOVOLTAIC SPECIALISTS CONFERENCE (PVSC) SE IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 39th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC) CY JUN 16-21, 2013 CL Tampa, FL SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Electron Devices Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Photon Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Power & Energy Soc, US Photovolta Mfg Consort, AZoCleantech Com, Latin Amer Renovable, Photovolta Int, PVTech, Solar Novus Today & Photon, Photon DE Grid code; photovoltaic power plant; power quality; power system reliability; voltage dip ID VOLTAGE DIPS AB Grid code requirements for grid-connected PV generation have experienced a continuous evolution all over the world in recent years. Among these requirements, PV plants must be able to ride through specific voltage dip shapes, according to current National Grid Codes. Under this new framework, this paper presents a survey of power quality carried out in a Spanish PV power plant. Voltage dips and supply interruptions have been collected during one year of observation in the region with the highest PV power capacity installed in this country. Several methods, including both tabular and graphical representations of the data, are discussed to analyse the occurrence of electrical disturbances in this type of renewable energy systems. This paper thus allows to assess the performance of current PV plant inverters facing real power quality events. C1 [Honrubia-Escribano, A.; Gomez-Lazaro, E.] Univ Castilla La Mancha, Renewable Energy Res Inst, Albacete 02071, Spain. [Molina-Garcia, A.] Univ Politecn Cartagena, Dept Elect Engn, E-30202 Cartagena, Spain. [Muljadi, E.] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO USA. RP Honrubia-Escribano, A (reprint author), Univ Castilla La Mancha, Renewable Energy Res Inst, Albacete 02071, Spain. EM andres.honrubia@uclm.es; angel.molina@upct.es; emilio.gomez@uclm.es; Eduard.Muljadi@nrel.gov RI Gomez-Lazaro, Emilio/P-8511-2014; OI Gomez-Lazaro, Emilio/0000-0002-3620-3921; Honrubia Escribano, Andres/0000-0002-9756-8641 FU Ministerio de Ciencia y Innovacion [ENE2009-13106]; Junta de Comunidades de Castilla-La Mancha [PEII10-0171-1803]; European Union FEDER; Fundacion Seneca from the Region of Murcia [15400/PI/10] FX This work has been supported by the Ministerio de Ciencia y Innovacion ENE2009-13106, the Junta de Comunidades de Castilla-La Mancha PEII10-0171-1803, both projects co-financed with European Union FEDER funds; and by Fundacion Seneca from the Region of Murcia Ref.: 15400/PI/10 NR 45 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0160-8371 BN 978-1-4799-3299-3 J9 IEEE PHOT SPEC CONF PY 2013 BP 1799 EP 1804 PG 6 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Physics GA BB0AV UT WOS:000340054100401 ER PT S AU Johnson, J Ellis, A Denda, A Morino, K Shinji, T Ogata, T Tadokoro, M AF Johnson, Jay Ellis, Abraham Denda, Atsushi Morino, Kimio Shinji, Takao Ogata, Takao Tadokoro, Masayuki GP IEEE TI PV Output Smoothing using a Battery and Natural Gas Engine-Generator SO 2013 IEEE 39TH PHOTOVOLTAIC SPECIALISTS CONFERENCE (PVSC) SE IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 39th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC) CY JUN 16-21, 2013 CL Tampa, FL SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Electron Devices Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Photon Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Power & Energy Soc, US Photovolta Mfg Consort, AZoCleantech Com, Latin Amer Renovable, Photovolta Int, PVTech, Solar Novus Today & Photon, Photon DE photovoltaic systems; DER; PV smoothing; power control; optimization; microgrids ID DESIGN AB In some situations involving weak grids or high penetration scenarios, the variability of photovoltaic systems can affect the local electrical grid. In order to mitigate destabilizing effects of power fluctuations, an energy storage device or other controllable generation or load can be used. This paper describes the development of a controller for coordinated operation of a small gas engine-generator set (genset) and a battery for smoothing PV plant output. There are a number of benefits derived from using a traditional generation resource in combination with the battery: the variability of the photovoltaic system can be reduced to a specific level with a smaller battery and Power Conditioning System (PCS) and the lifetime of the battery can be extended. The controller was designed specifically for a PV/energy storage project (Prosperity) and a gas engine-generator (Mesa Del Sol) currently operating on the same feeder in Albuquerque, NM. A number of smoothing simulations of the Prosperity PV system were conducted using power data collected from the site. By adjusting the control parameters, tradeoffs between battery use and ramp rates could be tuned. A cost function was created to optimize the control in order to balance-in this example-the need to have low ramp rates with reducing battery size and operation. C1 [Johnson, Jay; Ellis, Abraham] Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Denda, Atsushi; Morino, Kimio] Shimizu Corp, Tokyo, Japan. [Shinji, Takao; Ogata, Takao; Tadokoro, Masayuki] Tokyo Gas Co Ltd, Tokyo, Japan. RP Johnson, J (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. FU U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000] FX Sandia National Laboratories is a multi-program laboratory managed and operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corporation, for the U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. We acknowledge the contribution of Public Service Company of New Mexico and Japans New Energy and Industrial Development Organization (NEDO) for providing access to critical data. NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0160-8371 BN 978-1-4799-3299-3 J9 IEEE PHOT SPEC CONF PY 2013 BP 1811 EP 1816 PG 6 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Physics GA BB0AV UT WOS:000340054100403 ER PT S AU Lave, M Kleissl, J Ellis, A Mejia, F AF Lave, Matthew Kleissl, Jan Ellis, Abraham Mejia, Felipe GP IEEE TI Simulated PV Power Plant Variability: Impact of Utility-imposed Ramp Limitations in Puerto Rico SO 2013 IEEE 39TH PHOTOVOLTAIC SPECIALISTS CONFERENCE (PVSC) SE IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 39th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC) CY JUN 16-21, 2013 CL Tampa, FL SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Electron Devices Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Photon Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Power & Energy Soc, US Photovolta Mfg Consort, AZoCleantech Com, Latin Amer Renovable, Photovolta Int, PVTech, Solar Novus Today & Photon, Photon DE solar power; solar energy generation; power generation planning; energy storage; distributed power generation AB The variability of solar PV power plants has led to some utilities imposing ramp limitations. For example, the Puerto Rico Electric Power Authority (PREPA) includes a 10% of capacity per minute limit on ramp rates produced by PV power plants in its minimum technical requirements for photovoltaic generation projects. However, it is difficult to determine storage requirements to comply with ramp limitations for plants in the planning or construction phase since the variability of the plant output is not known. In this paper, we use the wavelet variability model (WVM) to upscale irradiance measured in Mayaguez, PR to simulate various sizes of PV power plants. The results show that ramps will often exceed 10%, even for the largest plants (60MW) that benefit the most from in-plant spatial smoothing, meaning significant amounts of storage will be needed to meet the PREPA requirement. The results from Puerto Rico are compared to sites in San Diego and Oahu, Hawaii. Significant differences are seen in the ramp rate distributions of the three locations, demonstrating the importance of performing location-specific simulations. C1 [Lave, Matthew] Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. [Kleissl, Jan; Mejia, Felipe] Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Ellis, Abraham] Sandia National Lab, Albuquerque, NM 87123 USA. RP Lave, M (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. FU U.S. Department of Energys National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000] FX Sandia National Laboratories is a multi-program laboratory managed and operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corporation, for the U.S. Department of Energys National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. NR 3 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0160-8371 BN 978-1-4799-3299-3 J9 IEEE PHOT SPEC CONF PY 2013 BP 1817 EP 1821 PG 5 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Physics GA BB0AV UT WOS:000340054100404 ER PT S AU Perl, EE Lin, CT McMahon, WE Bowers, JE Friedman, DJ AF Perl, Emmett E. Lin, Chieh-Ting McMahon, William E. Bowers, John E. Friedman, Daniel J. GP IEEE TI Design of Ultra-Broadband Antireflection Coatings Utilizing Integrated Moth-Eye Structures for Multi-Junction Device Applications SO 2013 IEEE 39TH PHOTOVOLTAIC SPECIALISTS CONFERENCE (PVSC) SE IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 39th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC) CY JUN 16-21, 2013 CL Tampa, FL SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Electron Devices Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Photon Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Power & Energy Soc, US Photovolta Mfg Consort, AZoCleantech Com, Latin Amer Renovable, Photovolta Int, PVTech, Solar Novus Today & Photon, Photon DE biomimetics; III-V semiconductor materials; nanophotonics; optical films; photovoltaic cells; solar energy ID SOLAR-CELLS AB Ultra-broadband Antireflection Coatings (ARCs) are essential to realizing the potential efficiency gains of four-junction photovoltaic devices that absorb to longer wavelengths than state-of-the-art three-junction cells. In this work, we examine a novel design that integrates a nanostructured antireflection layer with a multilayer ARC. Using optical models, we find that this hybrid approach can reduce the reflected AM1.5D power by 10-45 W/m(2) compared to conventional thin-film ARCs. A hybrid ARC is designed and fabricated on a sample consisting of approximately 1 mu m of indium gallium phosphide (InGaP) on gallium arsenide (GaAs). For the hybrid coating, we measure a reflection loss of just 23.9 W/m(2) corresponding to less than a 3% power reflection. C1 [Perl, Emmett E.; Lin, Chieh-Ting; Bowers, John E.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. [McMahon, William E.; Friedman, Daniel J.] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Perl, EE (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. FU Center for Energy Efficient Materials (CEEM); Energy Frontier Research Center (EFRC); U.S. Department of Energy; Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-SC0001009] FX This material is based upon work supported as part of the Center for Energy Efficient Materials (CEEM), an Energy Frontier Research Center (EFRC) funded by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences under Award Number DE-SC0001009. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0160-8371 BN 978-1-4799-3299-3 J9 IEEE PHOT SPEC CONF PY 2013 BP 1902 EP 1906 PG 5 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Physics GA BB0AV UT WOS:000340054100424 ER PT S AU Moseley, J Moutinho, H Romero, M Jones, K Yan, YF Al-Jassim, M Ahrenkiel, R AF Moseley, John Moutinho, Helio Romero, Manuel Jones, Kim Yan, Yanfa Al-Jassim, Mowafak Ahrenkiel, Richard GP IEEE TI Structural, Chemical and Luminescent Investigation of MBE- and CSS-Deposited CdTe Thin-Films for Solar Cells SO 2013 IEEE 39TH PHOTOVOLTAIC SPECIALISTS CONFERENCE (PVSC) SE IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 39th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC) CY JUN 16-21, 2013 CL Tampa, FL SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Electron Devices Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Photon Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Power & Energy Soc, US Photovolta Mfg Consort, AZoCleantech Com, Latin Amer Renovable, Photovolta Int, PVTech, Solar Novus Today & Photon, Photon DE Cathodoluminescence; CdTe; CSS; electron backscatter diffraction; grain boundaries; MBE; thin-film solar cells ID CATHODOLUMINESCENCE; DIFFUSION; CRYSTAL AB In this study we combine scanning electron microscopy (SEM)-based cathodoluminescence (CL) spectrum imaging and electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) in order to map the spatial distribution of various atomic-level defects in CdTe films as a function of deposition and film processing. Two different deposition techniques were used. Lattice-matched, epitaxial CdTe films were deposited on a single crystal as well as on polycrystalline CdTe substrates by molecular beam epitaxy (MBE). For comparison purposes, polycrystalline CdTe films were deposited using our standard close-spaced sublimation (CSS) method on glass-based substrates. C1 [Moseley, John; Moutinho, Helio; Romero, Manuel; Jones, Kim; Al-Jassim, Mowafak; Ahrenkiel, Richard] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Moseley, John; Ahrenkiel, Richard] Colorado Sch Mines, Golden, CO USA. [Yan, Yanfa] Univ Toledo, Toledo, OH USA. RP Moseley, J (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. FU U.S. Department of Energy with the National Renewable Energy Laboratory [DE-AC36-08-GO28308] FX This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC36-08-GO28308 with the National Renewable Energy Laboratory NR 13 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 4 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0160-8371 BN 978-1-4799-3299-3 J9 IEEE PHOT SPEC CONF PY 2013 BP 2003 EP 2006 PG 4 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Physics GA BB0AV UT WOS:000340054100449 ER PT S AU Kurtz, S King, R Law, D Ptak, A Geisz, J Karam, N AF Kurtz, Sarah King, Richard Law, Daniel Ptak, Aaron Geisz, John Karam, Nasser GP IEEE TI Effects of in situ Annealing on GaInNAs Solar Cells SO 2013 IEEE 39TH PHOTOVOLTAIC SPECIALISTS CONFERENCE (PVSC) SE IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 39th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC) CY JUN 16-21, 2013 CL Tampa, FL SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Electron Devices Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Photon Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Power & Energy Soc, US Photovolta Mfg Consort, AZoCleantech Com, Latin Amer Renovable, Photovolta Int, PVTech, Solar Novus Today & Photon, Photon DE Solar cells; III-V; dilute nitride ID VACANCIES; GAAS AB GaInNAs solar cells grown by metal-organic, chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) are known to demonstrate dramatic changes in performance upon annealing. GaInNAs necessarily experiences some in situ annealing when integrated into a multijunction cell, as when the upper four junctions of a six-junction (e. g., AlGaInP/GaInP/AlGaInAs/GaInAs/GaInNAs/Ge) cell are grown on top of the GaInNAs subcell. Therefore, understanding the changes that occur during these inadvertent, in situ anneals is necessary to design an MOCVD growth process for high-performance six-junction cells. These six-junction cells have the potential for > 50% efficiency under the concentrated terrestrial spectrum and > 40 % under the air mass zero (AM0) spectrum. This paper shows how an in situ anneal at 650 degrees C can cause movement of the junction in the GaInNAs, first improving and then ruining the performance of the cell. Similarly, in situ annealing depends on the annealing temperature, showing, for the conditions studied, optimal performance for an anneal at 675 degrees C. Higher temperatures resulted in improved material quality, but the junction did not move, resulting in inferior performance compared with the samples annealed at lower temperatures. The performance of the best GaInNAs cells is summarized showing background carrier concentrations as low as 2 X 10(15) cm(-3), depletion widths as wide as similar to 0.6 mu m, and AM0 photocurrents for operation under GaAs approaching 12 mA/cm(2). C1 [Kurtz, Sarah; Ptak, Aaron; Geisz, John] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [King, Richard; Law, Daniel; Karam, Nasser] Spectrolab Inc, Sylmar, CA 91342 USA. RP Kurtz, S (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. FU Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL/VS) under DUST [F29601-98-2-0207]; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC36-99GO10337] FX We thank C. Kramer and M. Young for the sample preparation and measurements. This work was funded by the Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL/VS) under DUS&T contract # F29601-98-2-0207 and by Spectrolab. This work was completed under Contract No. DE-AC36-99GO10337 with the U.S. Department of Energy. NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 5 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0160-8371 BN 978-1-4799-3299-3 J9 IEEE PHOT SPEC CONF PY 2013 BP 2095 EP 2099 PG 5 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Physics GA BB0AV UT WOS:000340054100471 ER PT S AU Tauke-Pedretti, A Cederberg, J Nielson, G Cruz-Campa, JL Sanchez, C Alford, C Okandan, M Skogen, E Lentine, A AF Tauke-Pedretti, Anna Cederberg, Jeffrey Nielson, Gregory Cruz-Campa, Jose Luis Sanchez, Carlos Alford, Charles Okandan, Murat Skogen, Erik Lentine, Anthony GP IEEE TI Resistance Considerations for Stacked Small Multi-junction Photovoltaic Cells SO 2013 IEEE 39TH PHOTOVOLTAIC SPECIALISTS CONFERENCE (PVSC) SE IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 39th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC) CY JUN 16-21, 2013 CL Tampa, FL SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Electron Devices Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Photon Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Power & Energy Soc, US Photovolta Mfg Consort, AZoCleantech Com, Latin Amer Renovable, Photovolta Int, PVTech, Solar Novus Today & Photon, Photon DE multi-junction solar cells; compound semiconductors; photovoltaic cells; III-V solar cells AB In this paper we propose a stacked multi-junction solar cell design that allows the intimate contact of the individual cells while maintaining low resistive losses. The cell design is presented using an InGaP and GaAs multi-junction cell as an illustrative example. However, the methodologies presented in this paper can be applied to other III-V cell types including In GaAs and InGaAsP cells. The main benefits of the design come from making small cells, on the order of 2x10(-3) cm(2). Simulations showed that series resistances should be kept to less than 5 Omega for devices up to 400 mu m in diameter to keep resistance power losses to less than 1%. Low resistance AuBe/Ni/Au ohmic contacts to n-type InGaP are also demonstrated with contact resistivity of 5x10-6 Omega-cm(2) when annealed at 420 degrees C. C1 [Tauke-Pedretti, Anna; Cederberg, Jeffrey; Nielson, Gregory; Cruz-Campa, Jose Luis; Sanchez, Carlos; Alford, Charles; Okandan, Murat; Skogen, Erik; Lentine, Anthony] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Tauke-Pedretti, A (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0160-8371 BN 978-1-4799-3299-3 J9 IEEE PHOT SPEC CONF PY 2013 BP 2131 EP 2134 PG 4 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Physics GA BB0AV UT WOS:000340054100479 ER PT S AU Colli, A Zaaiman, WJ Pavanello, D Heiser, J Smith, S AF Colli, Alessandra Zaaiman, Willem J. Pavanello, Diego Heiser, John Smith, Scott GP IEEE TI Clearness-Based Sky Taxonomy for One Year Irradiance Data Collected at BNL SO 2013 IEEE 39TH PHOTOVOLTAIC SPECIALISTS CONFERENCE (PVSC) SE IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 39th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC) CY JUN 16-21, 2013 CL Tampa, FL SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Electron Devices Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Photon Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Power & Energy Soc, US Photovolta Mfg Consort, AZoCleantech Com, Latin Amer Renovable, Photovolta Int, PVTech, Solar Novus Today & Photon, Photon DE irradiance; sky conditions; clearness index ID SOLAR-RADIATION AB The paper presents the analysis of one year irradiance data collected at Brookhaven National Laboratory during 2012, with the purpose to define a sky taxonomy mainly based on the calculation of the sky clearness index Kt. The evaluation is supported by additional meteorological variables like ambient temperature, wind, RH and atmospheric pressure. The analysis will additionally include the ratio of the diffuse-to-total irradiance for good weather conditions. Four sky categories are defined: cloudy, partly cloudy, sunny, and clear. The Kt parameter allows describing the solar climate of a particular location, providing also the basis for the estimation of solar radiation on horizontal as well as inclined surfaces. The statistical analysis defines the clearness index on the daily and yearly basis, but it also looks into hourly values to detect correlations between morning and afternoon conditions. The analysis herein developed is in the context of a statistical evaluation of the cloud coverage probability for application in a probabilistic production-oriented risk assessment analysis for photovoltaic systems. C1 [Colli, Alessandra; Heiser, John; Smith, Scott] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Zaaiman, Willem J.; Pavanello, Diego] European Commission Joint Res Ctr, I-21027 Ispra, Italy. RP Colli, A (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 4 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0160-8371 BN 978-1-4799-3299-3 J9 IEEE PHOT SPEC CONF PY 2013 BP 2295 EP 2300 PG 6 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Physics GA BB0AV UT WOS:000340054100520 ER PT S AU Quiroz, JE Gonzalez, S Stein, JS AF Quiroz, Jimmy E. Gonzalez, Sigifredo Stein, Joshua S. GP IEEE TI PV Microinverter Testbed for Interoperability SO 2013 IEEE 39TH PHOTOVOLTAIC SPECIALISTS CONFERENCE (PVSC) SE IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 39th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC) CY JUN 16-21, 2013 CL Tampa, FL SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Electron Devices Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Photon Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Power & Energy Soc, US Photovolta Mfg Consort, AZoCleantech Com, Latin Amer Renovable, Photovolta Int, PVTech, Solar Novus Today & Photon, Photon DE circuit testing; distributed power generation; frequency response; IEEE standards; inverters; power conversion harmonics; power system interconnection AB This test plan is intended to provide verification for conformance of interconnection systems (ICSs) test criteria from IEEE Standard 1547-2005 [1], but applied to a testbed of several interconnected microinverters. These tests provide evaluation procedures for multi-manufacturer microinverter interoperability. The purpose of these procedures is to develop a standard method for evaluating interconnected microinverters. Utility compatibility evaluations determine the voltage and frequency operating ranges and the microinverter's response to a voltage/frequency sag or swell, and the response to an interruption in utility service. C1 [Quiroz, Jimmy E.; Gonzalez, Sigifredo; Stein, Joshua S.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Quiroz, JE (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0160-8371 BN 978-1-4799-3299-3 J9 IEEE PHOT SPEC CONF PY 2013 BP 2331 EP 2336 PG 6 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Physics GA BB0AV UT WOS:000340054100527 ER PT S AU Reno, MJ Coogan, K Broderick, R Grijalva, S AF Reno, Matthew J. Coogan, Kyle Broderick, Robert Grijalva, Santiago GP IEEE TI Reduction of Distribution Feeders for Simplified PV Impact Studies SO 2013 IEEE 39TH PHOTOVOLTAIC SPECIALISTS CONFERENCE (PVSC) SE IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 39th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC) CY JUN 16-21, 2013 CL Tampa, FL SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Electron Devices Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Photon Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Power & Energy Soc, US Photovolta Mfg Consort, AZoCleantech Com, Latin Amer Renovable, Photovolta Int, PVTech, Solar Novus Today & Photon, Photon DE distributed power generation; photovoltaic systems; power distribution; power system interconnection; power system modeling; solar power generation AB With increasing connections of distributed rooftop PV to the distribution system, a method for simplifying the complex system to an equivalent representation of the feeder is useful to streamline the interconnection impact studies. This paper presents a method of reducing feeders to specified buses of interest while retaining equivalent electrical characteristics of the system. These buses of interest can be potential interconnection locations or buses where distribution engineers want to evaluate circuit performance. A methodology is presented showing equivalence of the reduction method with supporting equations and examples. Validation is performed for snapshot and time-series simulations with variable load and solar energy to demonstrate equivalent performance of the reduced circuit with the interconnection of PV. C1 [Reno, Matthew J.; Coogan, Kyle; Grijalva, Santiago] Georgia Inst Technol, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Reno, Matthew J.; Broderick, Robert] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM USA. RP Reno, MJ (reprint author), Georgia Inst Technol, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. FU U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL8500] FX Sandia National Laboratories is a multi-program laboratory managed and operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corporation, for the U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE-AC04-94AL8500. NR 13 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0160-8371 BN 978-1-4799-3299-3 J9 IEEE PHOT SPEC CONF PY 2013 BP 2337 EP 2342 PG 6 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Physics GA BB0AV UT WOS:000340054100528 ER PT S AU Yue, M Wang, XY AF Yue, Meng Wang, Xiaoyu GP IEEE TI Assessing Cloud Transient Impacts on Grid with Solar and Battery Energy Systems SO 2013 IEEE 39TH PHOTOVOLTAIC SPECIALISTS CONFERENCE (PVSC) SE IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 39th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC) CY JUN 16-21, 2013 CL Tampa, FL SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Electron Devices Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Photon Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Power & Energy Soc, US Photovolta Mfg Consort, AZoCleantech Com, Latin Amer Renovable, Photovolta Int, PVTech, Solar Novus Today & Photon, Photon DE Solar generation; battery energy storage system; cloud transient; renewable energy integration ID PHOTOVOLTAIC SYSTEM AB To assess the impact of intermittency of rapidly increasing solar photovoltaic (PV) generation on the grid, this paper presents the dynamic modeling and integration of the components that need to be considered including solar PV plant, battery energy storage system (BESS), the grid-tied interface, and the associated control systems. The complexity and accuracy models of these components are suitable for evaluating the cloud transient impact on bulk power system. Of particular interest is the grid inertial response in situations such as for high penetration levels of solar generation and/or the fast cloud transient induced solar generation decrease coupled with outages that recurrently occur in the grid, e.g., a generator trip. The impact of such events on the grid frequency responses is investigated using a simplified simulation approach to account for the irradiance variation patterns. Responsive battery energy storage systems (BESSs) are recognized as an effective means to improve the inertial response, as investigated and demonstrated in this study. C1 [Yue, Meng; Wang, Xiaoyu] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Sustainable Energy Technol Dept, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Yue, M (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Sustainable Energy Technol Dept, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM yuemeng@bnl.gov; xywang@bnl.gov NR 25 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0160-8371 BN 978-1-4799-3299-3 J9 IEEE PHOT SPEC CONF PY 2013 BP 2348 EP 2353 PG 6 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Physics GA BB0AV UT WOS:000340054100530 ER PT S AU Fthenakis, V AF Fthenakis, Vasilis GP IEEE TI The Resilience of PV during Natural Disasters: The Hurricane Sandy Case SO 2013 IEEE 39TH PHOTOVOLTAIC SPECIALISTS CONFERENCE (PVSC) SE IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 39th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC) CY JUN 16-21, 2013 CL Tampa, FL SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Electron Devices Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Photon Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Power & Energy Soc, US Photovolta Mfg Consort, AZoCleantech Com, Latin Amer Renovable, Photovolta Int, PVTech, Solar Novus Today & Photon, Photon DE PV; storms; resiliency AB This paper will present data on the resilience of typical PV systems following natural disasters, and provide recommendations for integrating PV into emergency response systems. Information from multiple sources shows that during the October 29, 2012 hurricane Sandy, virtually all PV systems received no damage by the storm and, if not disconnected, they produced electricity following the storm. The same was observed in previous disasters. In the aftermath of Hurricanes Katrina and Rita, PV systems were used to support the Gulf States' disaster response efforts. The Fukushima earthquake and tsunami destroyed three nuclear reactors causing "meltdown" and radiation releases, whereas the many thousands of PV roof-top arrays were left undamaged. These experiences show that PV systems, in addition to being environmentally benign, can also sustain extreme weather conditions like hurricanes, earthquakes and tsunamis. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Photovolta Environm Res Ctr, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Fthenakis, V (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Photovolta Environm Res Ctr, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 10 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0160-8371 BN 978-1-4799-3299-3 J9 IEEE PHOT SPEC CONF PY 2013 BP 2364 EP 2367 PG 4 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Physics GA BB0AV UT WOS:000340054100533 ER PT S AU Zakutayev, A Caskey, CM Richards, RM Parilla, PA Perkins, JD Ginley, DS AF Zakutayev, Andriy Caskey, Christopher M. Richards, Ryan M. Parilla, Philip A. Perkins, John. D. Ginley, David S. GP IEEE TI Combinatorial approach to correlations of properties in copper nitride SO 2013 IEEE 39TH PHOTOVOLTAIC SPECIALISTS CONFERENCE (PVSC) SE IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 39th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC) CY JUN 16-21, 2013 CL Tampa, FL SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Electron Devices Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Photon Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Power & Energy Soc, US Photovolta Mfg Consort, AZoCleantech Com, Latin Amer Renovable, Photovolta Int, PVTech, Solar Novus Today & Photon, Photon DE Copper compounds; Data handling; Nitrogen; Solar energy; Sputtering; Thin films; Throughput AB Copper nitride (Cu3N) is a potential next-generation Earth abundant thin film solar cell absorber material. We performed reduction of Cu3N combinatorial optical and structural vector data to scalar metrics, and subsequent correlation of these metrics with other scalar quantities, such as isotropic bulk electrical conductivity or target-substrate distance during the growth. Insensitivity of the Cu3N conductivity to the structural and optical metrics is promising for large-scale fabrication of thin film solar cells where precise process control over the growth parameters may be challenging. C1 [Zakutayev, Andriy; Caskey, Christopher M.; Parilla, Philip A.; Perkins, John. D.; Ginley, David S.] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Caskey, Christopher M.; Richards, Ryan M.] Colorado Sch Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Zakutayev, A (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. OI Zakutayev, Andriy/0000-0002-3054-5525 FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy; Next Generation PV II project within the SunShot initiative [DE-AC36-08GO28308] FX This research is supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, as a part of a Next Generation PV II project within the SunShot initiative under Contract No. DE-AC36-08GO28308 to NREL. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0160-8371 BN 978-1-4799-3299-3 J9 IEEE PHOT SPEC CONF PY 2013 BP 2498 EP 2500 PG 3 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Physics GA BB0AV UT WOS:000340054100567 ER PT S AU Li, J Contreras, M Scharf, J Young, M Furtak, TE Noufi, R Levi, D AF Li, Jian Contreras, Miguel Scharf, John Young, Matthew Furtak, Thomas E. Noufi, Rommel Levi, Dean GP IEEE TI Optical Metrology for Real Time Control of Elemental Composition, Distribution, and Thickness of Cu(In1-xGax)Se-2 Thin Films SO 2013 IEEE 39TH PHOTOVOLTAIC SPECIALISTS CONFERENCE (PVSC) SE IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 39th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC) CY JUN 16-21, 2013 CL Tampa, FL SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Electron Devices Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Photon Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Power & Energy Soc, US Photovolta Mfg Consort, AZoCleantech Com, Latin Amer Renovable, Photovolta Int, PVTech, Solar Novus Today & Photon, Photon DE optical metrology; process control; 3-stage deposition; Cu(In1-xGax)Se-2; thin film AB An in situ optical metrology has been developed to provide real time control of three crucial film properties during the 3-stage deposition of Cu(In1-xGax)Se-2 thin films. These properties include: (1) the overall Cu/(In+Ga) ratio; (2) the distribution of indium and gallium between the 1st and 3rd stages; and (3) the film thickness. The accuracy and reliability of this metrology were experimentally verified. It has been established as a routine process control tool for CIGS depositions at NREL. This metrology greatly expands the parameter space that can be systematically explored. It also holds the promise for applications in PV module manufacturing. C1 [Li, Jian; Contreras, Miguel; Scharf, John; Young, Matthew; Noufi, Rommel; Levi, Dean] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Li, Jian; Furtak, Thomas E.] Colorado Sch Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Li, J (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC36-08-GO28308]; NREL; Colorado School of Mines [UGA-0-41025-17] FX This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC36-08-GO28308 with NREL and by the Colorado School of Mines under Subcontract No. UGA-0-41025-17. NR 2 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0160-8371 BN 978-1-4799-3299-3 J9 IEEE PHOT SPEC CONF PY 2013 BP 2609 EP 2611 PG 3 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Physics GA BB0AV UT WOS:000340054100592 ER PT S AU Guthrey, H Johnston, S Gorman, B Al-Jassim, M AF Guthrey, Harvey Johnston, Steve Gorman, Brian Al-Jassim, Mowafak GP IEEE TI Atomic-Scale Origin of Emission from Extended Defects in mc-Si SO 2013 IEEE 39TH PHOTOVOLTAIC SPECIALISTS CONFERENCE (PVSC) SE IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 39th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC) CY JUN 16-21, 2013 CL Tampa, FL SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Electron Devices Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Photon Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Power & Energy Soc, US Photovolta Mfg Consort, AZoCleantech Com, Latin Amer Renovable, Photovolta Int, PVTech, Solar Novus Today & Photon, Photon DE defect luminescence; defects; crystalline silicon; atom probe; characterization ID MULTICRYSTALLINE SILICON; STATES; GOLD; DISLOCATIONS AB Defect luminescence in mc-Si has been extensively studied in the decades since it was first identified. The origin has been probed by the techniques of photoluminescence, cathodoluminescence, and by theoretical investigations. Due to detection limits and resolution inadequacies of these techniques a definitive explanation of defect luminescence phenomena has not yet been provided to the silicon PV community. This work combines the traditionally used techniques with a suite of atomic-scale characterization methods to probe the origins of defect luminescence in mc-Si PV material at the atomic level. High resolution transmission electron microscopy and laser-pulsed atom probe tomography provide the structural and chemical information necessary to provide definitive evidence of the origin of defect luminescence in mc-Si. C1 [Guthrey, Harvey; Gorman, Brian] Colorado Sch Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Guthrey, Harvey; Johnston, Steve; Al-Jassim, Mowafak] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO USA. RP Guthrey, H (reprint author), Colorado Sch Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA. FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC36-08-GO28308]; National Renewable Energy Laboratory FX This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC36-08-GO28308 with the National Renewable Energy Laboratory. NR 23 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0160-8371 BN 978-1-4799-3299-3 J9 IEEE PHOT SPEC CONF PY 2013 BP 2637 EP 2640 PG 4 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Physics GA BB0AV UT WOS:000340054100599 ER PT S AU Shi, TT Yin, WJ Al-Jassim, M Yan, YF AF Shi, Tingting Yin, Wanjian Al-Jassim, Mowafak Yan, Yanfa GP IEEE TI First Principles Study of Aluminum-Oxygen Complexes in Silicon SO 2013 IEEE 39TH PHOTOVOLTAIC SPECIALISTS CONFERENCE (PVSC) SE IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 39th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC) CY JUN 16-21, 2013 CL Tampa, FL SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Electron Devices Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Photon Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Power & Energy Soc, US Photovolta Mfg Consort, AZoCleantech Com, Latin Amer Renovable, Photovolta Int, PVTech, Solar Novus Today & Photon, Photon DE interstitial aluminum; defect level; first principles calculation ID THERMAL DOUBLE DONORS AB The atomic structure and electronic properties of aluminum-related defect complexes in silicon are investigated using first-principles calculations. Various configurations of Al-O complexes containing interstitial and substitutional Al atoms and interstitial O atoms are studied. We find that interstitial Al atoms induce deep gap states. The formation energies of interstitial Al-O complexes could be much lower than that of interstitial Al under oxygen-rich conditions. We propose that the formation of Al-O complexes may explain the experimental observation that the coexistence of Al and O results in reduced lifetime in Si wafers. C1 [Shi, Tingting; Yin, Wanjian; Yan, Yanfa] Univ Toledo, Dept Phys & Astron, Toledo, OH 43606 USA. [Shi, Tingting; Yin, Wanjian; Yan, Yanfa] Univ Toledo, Wright Ctr Photovolta Innovat & Commercializat, Toledo, OH 43606 USA. [Al-Jassim, Mowafak] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Shi, TT (reprint author), Univ Toledo, Dept Phys & Astron, Toledo, OH 43606 USA. FU Ohio Research Scholar Program (ORSP); U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC36- 08GO28308] FX Y.Y. acknowledges the support from the Ohio Research Scholar Program (ORSP). Work at NREL was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC36- 08GO28308. NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0160-8371 BN 978-1-4799-3299-3 J9 IEEE PHOT SPEC CONF PY 2013 BP 2669 EP 2672 PG 4 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Physics GA BB0AV UT WOS:000340054100606 ER PT S AU Warner, JH Messenger, SR Walters, RJ Hoheisel, R Romero, MJ AF Warner, Jeffrey H. Messenger, Scott R. Walters, Robert J. Hoheisel, Raymond Romero, Manuel J. GP IEEE TI Cathodoluminescence Study of Irradiated p(+)n GaAs Solar Cells SO 2013 IEEE 39TH PHOTOVOLTAIC SPECIALISTS CONFERENCE (PVSC) SE IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 39th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC) CY JUN 16-21, 2013 CL Tampa, FL SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Electron Devices Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Photon Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Power & Energy Soc, US Photovolta Mfg Consort, AZoCleantech Com, Latin Amer Renovable, Photovolta Int, PVTech, Solar Novus Today & Photon, Photon ID DAMAGE; LIFETIME; DIODES AB In this paper, cathodoluminescence (CL) spectra were measured on p(+)n GaAs solar cells after irradiation by protons at different fluences and energies. A damage constant (tau K-0(tau)) is determined at each proton energy by monitoring changes in the emitted CL intensity. The energy dependence of the CL damage constant is compared with the calculations of nonionizing energy loss (NIEL). It was found that the energy dependence of the CL damage constant closely tracks that for the open circuit voltage. C1 [Warner, Jeffrey H.; Messenger, Scott R.; Walters, Robert J.] US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Hoheisel, Raymond] George Washington Univ, Washington, DC 20052 USA. [Romero, Manuel J.] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Warner, JH (reprint author), US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0160-8371 BN 978-1-4799-3299-3 J9 IEEE PHOT SPEC CONF PY 2013 BP 2816 EP 2820 PG 5 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Physics GA BB0AV UT WOS:000340054100642 ER PT S AU Gonzalez, S Stein, J Fresquez, A Ropp, M Schutz, D AF Gonzalez, Sigifredo Stein, Joshua Fresquez, Armando Ropp, Michael Schutz, Dustin GP IEEE TI Performance of Utility Interconnected Photovoltaic Inverters Operating Beyond Typical Modes of Operation SO 2013 IEEE 39TH PHOTOVOLTAIC SPECIALISTS CONFERENCE (PVSC) SE IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 39th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC) CY JUN 16-21, 2013 CL Tampa, FL SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Electron Devices Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Photon Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Power & Energy Soc, US Photovolta Mfg Consort, AZoCleantech Com, Latin Amer Renovable, Photovolta Int, PVTech, Solar Novus Today & Photon, Photon DE distributed; frequency; efficiency; photovoltaic; voltage support; frequency support AB The high penetration of utility interconnected photovoltaic (PV) inverters can affect the utility at the point of common coupling. Today's utility interconnection standards are evolving to allow voltage and frequency support, and voltage and frequency ride-through capability. With multi-MW-sized PV plants and multitudes of small commercial and residential systems coming online each year, the interconnection standards are allowing distributed energy resource equipment to provide reactive power to supplement existing voltage-regulating devices and ride-through voltage and frequency anomalies. These new interconnection requirements, coupled with the high dc-to-ac ratios, are becoming more common with declining PV module costs and are changing the modes of operation for utility-interconnected PV systems. This report investigates the effects these modes of operation have on the inverter performance, array utilization, and power quality while focusing on conversion efficiency. C1 [Gonzalez, Sigifredo; Stein, Joshua; Fresquez, Armando] Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Ropp, Michael; Schutz, Dustin] Northern Plains Power Technol, Brookings, SD 57006 USA. RP Gonzalez, S (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. FU Lockheed Martin Corporation; U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC0494AL85000]; US Department of Energy Solar Energy Technologies Program FX Sandia National Laboratories is a multi-program laboratory managed and operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corporation, for the U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE-AC0494AL85000. This work was funded by the US Department of Energy Solar Energy Technologies Program. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0160-8371 BN 978-1-4799-3299-3 J9 IEEE PHOT SPEC CONF PY 2013 BP 2879 EP 2884 PG 6 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Physics GA BB0AV UT WOS:000340054100655 ER PT S AU Johnson, J Neilsen, M Vianco, P Sorensen, NR Montoya, M Fresquez, A AF Johnson, Jay Neilsen, Michael Vianco, Paul Sorensen, N. Rob Montoya, Michael Fresquez, Armando GP IEEE TI Accelerated Life Testing of PV Arc-Fault Detectors SO 2013 IEEE 39TH PHOTOVOLTAIC SPECIALISTS CONFERENCE (PVSC) SE IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 39th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC) CY JUN 16-21, 2013 CL Tampa, FL SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Electron Devices Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Photon Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Power & Energy Soc, US Photovolta Mfg Consort, AZoCleantech Com, Latin Amer Renovable, Photovolta Int, PVTech, Solar Novus Today & Photon, Photon DE photovoltaic systems; arc-fault detectors; accelerated life testing; rainflow counting; thermomechanical solder fatigue ID TERNARY 95.5SN-3.9AG-0.6CU SOLDER; CREEP-BEHAVIOR AB As of 2011, the National Electrical Code (R) (NEC) has required arc-fault circuit interrupters (AFCIs) to be incorporated into photovoltaic (PV) systems to prevent fires. Some manufacturers are designing AFCIs to consist of arc-fault detectors (AFD) incorporated into inverters or combiner boxes in order to take advantage of the DC switching functionality of the existing hardware. Since AFCIs and AFDs are safety devices, it is critical to ensure the long-term functionality of AFD devices in these harsh environments. Sandia National Laboratories (SNL) has performed accelerated life tests on 10 arc-fault detectors. The devices were tested after being subjected to the thermal damage equivalent of 1.7-year increments in an inverter until 77.6 equivalent years of solder fatigue damage. 30% of the boards experienced component failures but there were no solder failures, indicating solder fatigue is not the primary failure mode. Based on these results, Sandia recommends an appropriate burn-in process be used for production of arc-fault prevention devices. C1 [Johnson, Jay; Neilsen, Michael; Vianco, Paul; Sorensen, N. Rob; Montoya, Michael; Fresquez, Armando] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Johnson, J (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0160-8371 BN 978-1-4799-3299-3 J9 IEEE PHOT SPEC CONF PY 2013 BP 3014 EP 3019 PG 6 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Physics GA BB0AV UT WOS:000340054100680 ER PT S AU King, BH Granata, JE Luketa-Hanlin, AJ AF King, B. H. Granata, J. E. Luketa-Hanlin, A. J. GP IEEE TI Systems Long Term Exposure Program: Analysis of the First Year of Data SO 2013 IEEE 39TH PHOTOVOLTAIC SPECIALISTS CONFERENCE (PVSC) SE IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 39th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC) CY JUN 16-21, 2013 CL Tampa, FL SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Electron Devices Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Photon Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Power & Energy Soc, US Photovolta Mfg Consort, AZoCleantech Com, Latin Amer Renovable, Photovolta Int, PVTech, Solar Novus Today & Photon, Photon DE photovoltaic modules; photovoltaic systems; performance; outdoor testing; field testing AB While indoor accelerated testing of products is important for development, it is equally important to conduct field-testing to determine performance and degradation under real world conditions. To address this need, Sandia has developed an outdoor small systems evaluation laboratory. The Systems Long Term Exposure (SLTE) project spans three geographic locations: one in a hot/dry climate, one in a hot/humid climate and one in a cold climate. Identical systems representing three commercial technologies are installed at each location. In this paper we present the results and analysis from the first year of monitoring of these systems. C1 [King, B. H.; Granata, J. E.; Luketa-Hanlin, A. J.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP King, BH (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 9 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0160-8371 BN 978-1-4799-3299-3 J9 IEEE PHOT SPEC CONF PY 2013 BP 3024 EP 3028 PG 5 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Physics GA BB0AV UT WOS:000340054100682 ER PT S AU Vianco, P Holliday, M Neilsen, M Sorensen, R Yang, BB Kilgo, A Rejent, J Grazier, M Johnson, J Granata, J AF Vianco, P. Holliday, M. Neilsen, M. Sorensen, R. Yang, B. B. Kilgo, A. Rejent, J. Grazier, M. Johnson, J. Granata, J. GP IEEE TI Use of the TurboSiP (c) Software to Predict the Long-Term Reliability of Solder Joints on Photovoltaic Systems SO 2013 IEEE 39TH PHOTOVOLTAIC SPECIALISTS CONFERENCE (PVSC) SE IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 39th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC) CY JUN 16-21, 2013 CL Tampa, FL SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Electron Devices Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Photon Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Power & Energy Soc, US Photovolta Mfg Consort, AZoCleantech Com, Latin Amer Renovable, Photovolta Int, PVTech, Solar Novus Today & Photon, Photon DE photovoltaic systems; accelerated life testing; rainflow counting; thermomechanical solder fatigue AB The TurboSiP (c) software predicts the thermal mechanical fatigue (TMF) of commonly used solder joints. The input parameters are package materials, interconnection design, solder alloy (Sn-Pb or Pb-free), and the environment. This computational tool was used to predict the TMF lifetime of (a) collector circuit solder joints used in photovoltaic solar panel systems as well as (b) 1206 chip capacitor and (c) 14 I/O SOIC package solder joints on the printed circuit boards of the inverter module. All interconnections were analyzed as having the eutectic Sn-Pb solder. A service temperature cycle was defined from data logger parameters. Accelerated aging test conditions were also evaluated in the software. The TurboSiP (c) predicted lifetimes for the collector circuit as well as convention component solder joints that were more-than-adequate to meet the customer's requirements. C1 [Vianco, P.; Holliday, M.; Neilsen, M.; Sorensen, R.; Yang, B. B.; Kilgo, A.; Rejent, J.; Grazier, M.; Johnson, J.; Granata, J.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Vianco, P (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0160-8371 BN 978-1-4799-3299-3 J9 IEEE PHOT SPEC CONF PY 2013 BP 3029 EP 3032 PG 4 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Physics GA BB0AV UT WOS:000340054100683 ER PT S AU Behnke, M Ellis, A AF Behnke, Michael Ellis, Abraham GP IEEE TI Contribution of Photovoltaic Power Generation Systems to AC Short Circuits - a Survey of Current Modeling Practices and Challenges SO 2013 IEEE 39TH PHOTOVOLTAIC SPECIALISTS CONFERENCE (PVSC) SE IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 39th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC) CY JUN 16-21, 2013 CL Tampa, FL SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Electron Devices Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Photon Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Power & Energy Soc, US Photovolta Mfg Consort, AZoCleantech Com, Latin Amer Renovable, Photovolta Int, PVTech, Solar Novus Today & Photon, Photon DE PV inverter; short circuit contribution ID MODULATION; PWM AB As an important part of evaluating the transmission and distribution system impacts of interconnecting new generation sources, network operators must assess the impact of these sources on fault interrupting capabilities of automatic switching devices and protective relay coordination for balanced and unbalanced faults on the network. A growing component of these new generation sources is solar photovoltaic-based systems. Modeling of these sources for short circuit studies is complicated by the non-linear control characteristics of their associated inverters. These characteristics preclude the use of linear circuit analysis techniques based on Thevenin equivalents that are the prevalent methodologies relied upon in most commercial short circuit analysis tools. This paper contrasts the physical characteristics of well-understood synchronous generator technology with that of modern-day PV inverter technology. Limitations of commercial short circuit analysis tools for addressing solar PV generation systems, and recommendations for development of industry consensus standard analysis methods, are presented. C1 [Behnke, Michael] DNV KEMA Energy & Sustainabil, Dubai, U Arab Emirates. [Ellis, Abraham] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM USA. RP Behnke, M (reprint author), DNV KEMA Energy & Sustainabil, Dubai, U Arab Emirates. FU Department of Energy through Sandia National Laboratories; United States Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000] FX This work was funded by the Department of Energy through Sandia National Laboratories. Sandia is a multiprogram laboratory operated by Sandia Corporation, a Lockheed Martin Company, for the United States Department of Energys National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. NR 25 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0160-8371 BN 978-1-4799-3299-3 J9 IEEE PHOT SPEC CONF PY 2013 BP 3128 EP 3133 PG 6 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Physics GA BB0AV UT WOS:000340054100705 ER PT S AU Ellis, A Gonzalez, S Miyamoto, Y Ropp, M Schutz, D Sato, T AF Ellis, Abraham Gonzalez, Sigifredo Miyamoto, Yusuke Ropp, Michael Schutz, Dustin Sato, Takanori GP IEEE TI Comparative Analysis of Anti-Islanding Requirements and Test Procedures in the United States and Japan SO 2013 IEEE 39TH PHOTOVOLTAIC SPECIALISTS CONFERENCE (PVSC) SE IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 39th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC) CY JUN 16-21, 2013 CL Tampa, FL SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Electron Devices Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Photon Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Power & Energy Soc, US Photovolta Mfg Consort, AZoCleantech Com, Latin Amer Renovable, Photovolta Int, PVTech, Solar Novus Today & Photon, Photon DE PV inverter; anti-islanding; testing AB Existing standards require that DGs disconnect from the grid in a short period of time in order to coordinate with protection systems, avoid poor power quality that can cause damage to connected load, and for safety reasons. The goal is to prevent the unintentional formation of an electrical island. Based on industry experience, today's active anti-islanding algorithms are very effective. Consideration of scenarios with high penetration photovoltaic (PV) has renewed interest in anti-islanding performance in certain cases involving multiple inverters of different types, or inverters that incorporate voltage and frequency tolerance or control voltage. This paper describes the results of anti-islanding testing and analysis conducted by Sandia in collaboration with Kandenko Co. Ltd. (Kandenko) and Japan Electrical Safety & Environment Technological Laboratories (JET), to evaluate the performance of existing and new anti-islanding technologies in the multi-inverter case, and to compare anti-islanding requirements and test procedures applicable in the United States and Japan. C1 [Ellis, Abraham; Gonzalez, Sigifredo] Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Miyamoto, Yusuke] Kandenko Co Ltd, Tokyo, Japan. [Ropp, Michael; Schutz, Dustin] Northern Plains Power Technol, Brookings, SD USA. [Sato, Takanori] Japan Elect Safety & Environm Technol Lab, Tokyo, Japan. RP Ellis, A (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. FU U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000] FX This test research was conducted as part a broader collaboration between Sandia and Japan's New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Orgganization (NEDo).Sandia National Laboratories is a multi-progam laboratory manged and operated by Sandia Corporation, a Wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed martin Corporation, for the U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. NR 17 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0160-8371 BN 978-1-4799-3299-3 J9 IEEE PHOT SPEC CONF PY 2013 BP 3134 EP 3140 PG 7 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Physics GA BB0AV UT WOS:000340054100706 ER PT S AU Lundstrom, B Mather, B Shirazi, M Coddington, M AF Lundstrom, Blake Mather, Barry Shirazi, Mariko Coddington, Michael GP IEEE TI Implementation and Validation of Advanced Unintentional Islanding Testing Using Power Hardware-in-the-Loop (PHIL) Simulation SO 2013 IEEE 39TH PHOTOVOLTAIC SPECIALISTS CONFERENCE (PVSC) SE IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 39th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC) CY JUN 16-21, 2013 CL Tampa, FL SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Electron Devices Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Photon Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Power & Energy Soc, US Photovolta Mfg Consort, AZoCleantech Com, Latin Amer Renovable, Photovolta Int, PVTech, Solar Novus Today & Photon, Photon DE unintentional islanding; power hardware-in-the-loop (PHIL); hardware-in-the-loop (HIL); inverter; interconnection; IEEE Std 1547; loss-of-mains; photovoltaic (PV); high penetration AB Unprecedented investment in new renewable power (especially solar photovoltaic) capacity is occurring. As this new generation capacity is interconnected with the electric power system (EPS), it is critical that their grid interconnection systems have proper controls in place so that they react appropriately in case of an unintentional islanding event. Advanced controls and methods for unintentional islanding protection that go beyond existing standards, such as UL 1741 and IEEE Std 1547, are often required as more complex high penetration photovoltaic installations occur. This paper describes the implementation, experimental results, and validation of a power hardware-in-the-loop (PHIL)-based platform that allows for the rapid evaluation of advanced anti-islanding and other controls in complex scenarios. The PHIL-based approach presented allows for accurate, real-time simulation of complex scenarios by connecting a device under test to a software-based model of a local EPS. This approach was validated by conducting an unintentional islanding test of a photovoltaic inverter, as described in IEEE 1547.1, using both PHIL and discrete hardware-based test configurations. The comparison of the results of these two experiments demonstrates that this novel PHIL-based test platform accurately emulates traditional unintentional islanding tests. The advantage of PHIL-based testing over discrete hardware-only testing is demonstrated by completing an IEEE 1547 1 unintentional islanding test using a very precisely tuned resonant circuit that is difficult to realize with discrete hardware using PHIL. C1 [Lundstrom, Blake; Mather, Barry; Shirazi, Mariko; Coddington, Michael] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Lundstrom, B (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. NR 20 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0160-8371 BN 978-1-4799-3299-3 J9 IEEE PHOT SPEC CONF PY 2013 BP 3141 EP 3146 PG 6 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Physics GA BB0AV UT WOS:000340054100707 ER PT S AU Reno, MJ Broderick, RJ Grijalva, S AF Reno, Matthew J. Broderick, Robert J. Grijalva, Santiago GP IEEE TI Smart Inverter Capabilities for Mitigating Over-Voltage on Distribution Systems with High Penetrations of PV SO 2013 IEEE 39TH PHOTOVOLTAIC SPECIALISTS CONFERENCE (PVSC) SE IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 39th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC) CY JUN 16-21, 2013 CL Tampa, FL SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Electron Devices Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Photon Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Power & Energy Soc, US Photovolta Mfg Consort, AZoCleantech Com, Latin Amer Renovable, Photovolta Int, PVTech, Solar Novus Today & Photon, Photon DE distributed power generation; photovoltaic systems; power distribution; power system interconnection; power system modeling; solar power generation AB As the penetration level of PV on the distribution system grows, the current injection by PV can create over-voltage issues around the location of the interconnection of PV. Often, the voltage regulation in the feeder is not setup to handle these reverse current flows and inverse feeder voltage profile shape. The PV inverter can be used to absorb or inject reactive power to help negate the voltage change caused by the real power generation. Detailed analysis is performed to investigate the impact of PV output power factor and reactive power on the distribution system voltage. Several reactive control methods are demonstrated in simulation for a real distribution system with coincident high time-resolution measured load and irradiance data. C1 [Reno, Matthew J.; Grijalva, Santiago] Georgia Inst Technol, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Reno, Matthew J.; Broderick, Robert J.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM USA. RP Reno, MJ (reprint author), Georgia Inst Technol, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. NR 15 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0160-8371 BN 978-1-4799-3299-3 J9 IEEE PHOT SPEC CONF PY 2013 BP 3153 EP 3158 PG 6 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Physics GA BB0AV UT WOS:000340054100709 ER PT S AU Flicker, J Johnson, J AF Flicker, Jack Johnson, Jay GP IEEE TI Electrical Simulations of Series and Parallel PV Arc-Faults SO 2013 IEEE 39TH PHOTOVOLTAIC SPECIALISTS CONFERENCE (PVSC) SE IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 39th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC) CY JUN 16-21, 2013 CL Tampa, FL SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Electron Devices Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Photon Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Power & Energy Soc, US Photovolta Mfg Consort, AZoCleantech Com, Latin Amer Renovable, Photovolta Int, PVTech, Solar Novus Today & Photon, Photon DE SPICE; series and parallel arc faults; PV; AFD; AFCI AB Arcing in PV systems has caused multiple residential and commercial rooftop fires. The National Electrical Code (NEC) added section 690.11 to mitigate this danger by requiring arc-fault circuit interrupters (AFCI). Currently, the requirement is only for series arc-faults, but to fully protect PV installations from arc-fault-generated fires, parallel arc-faults must also be mitigated effectively. In order to de-energize a parallel arc-fault without module-level disconnects, the type of arc-fault must be identified so that proper action can be taken (e.g., opening the array for a series arc-fault and shorting for a parallel arc-fault). In this work, we investigate the electrical behavior of the PV system during series and parallel arc-faults to (a) understand the arcing power available from different faults, (b) identify electrical characteristics that differentiate the two fault types, and (c) determine the location of the fault based on current or voltage of the faulted array. This information can be used to improve arc-fault detector speed and functionality. C1 [Flicker, Jack; Johnson, Jay] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Flicker, J (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 11 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0160-8371 BN 978-1-4799-3299-3 J9 IEEE PHOT SPEC CONF PY 2013 BP 3165 EP 3172 PG 8 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Physics GA BB0AV UT WOS:000340054100711 ER PT S AU Bosco, N Silverman, T Wohigemuth, J Kurtz, S Inoue, M Sakurai, K Shioda, T Zenkoh, H Hirota, K Miyashita, M Tadanori, T Suzuki, S AF Bosco, Nick Silverman, Timothy Wohigemuth, John Kurtz, Sarah Inoue, Masanao Sakurai, Keiichiro Shioda, Tsuyoshi Zenkoh, Hirofumi Hirota, Kusato Miyashita, Masanori Tadanori, Tanahashi Suzuki, Satoshi GP IEEE TI Evaluation of Dynamic Mechanical Loading as an Accelerated Test Method for Ribbon Fatigue SO 2013 IEEE 39TH PHOTOVOLTAIC SPECIALISTS CONFERENCE (PVSC) SE IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 39th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC) CY JUN 16-21, 2013 CL Tampa, FL SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Electron Devices Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Photon Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Power & Energy Soc, US Photovolta Mfg Consort, AZoCleantech Com, Latin Amer Renovable, Photovolta Int, PVTech, Solar Novus Today & Photon, Photon ID RELIABILITY; MODULES AB Dynamic Mechanical Loading (DML) of photovoltaic modules is explored as a route to quickly fatigue copper interconnect ribbons. Results indicate that most of the interconnect ribbons may be strained through module mechanical loading to a level that will result in failure in a few hundred to thousands of cycles. Considering the speed at which DML may be applied, this translates into a few hours of testing. To evaluate the equivalence of DML to thermal cycling, parallel tests were conducted with thermal cycling. C1 [Bosco, Nick; Silverman, Timothy; Wohigemuth, John; Kurtz, Sarah] NREL, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Inoue, Masanao; Sakurai, Keiichiro] Natl Inst Adv Ind Sci & Technol, Tokyo, Japan. [Shioda, Tsuyoshi; Zenkoh, Hirofumi] Mitsui Chem, Tokyo, Japan. [Hirota, Kusato; Miyashita, Masanori] Toray, Tokyo, Japan. [Tadanori, Tanahashi; Suzuki, Satoshi] Espec, Tokyo, Japan. RP Bosco, N (reprint author), NREL, Golden, CO 80401 USA. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0160-8371 BN 978-1-4799-3299-3 J9 IEEE PHOT SPEC CONF PY 2013 BP 3173 EP 3177 PG 5 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Physics GA BB0AV UT WOS:000340054100712 ER PT S AU Moutinho, HR Moseley, J Romero, MJ Dhere, RG Jiang, CS Jones, KM Duenow, JN Yan, Y Al-Jassim, MM AF Moutinho, H. R. Moseley, J. Romero, M. J. Dhere, R. G. Jiang, C-S Jones, K. M. Duenow, J. N. Yan, Y. Al-Jassim, M. M. GP IEEE TI Grain Boundary Character and Recombination Properties in CdTe Thin Films SO 2013 IEEE 39TH PHOTOVOLTAIC SPECIALISTS CONFERENCE (PVSC) SE IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 39th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC) CY JUN 16-21, 2013 CL Tampa, FL SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Electron Devices Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Photon Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Power & Energy Soc, US Photovolta Mfg Consort, AZoCleantech Com, Latin Amer Renovable, Photovolta Int, PVTech, Solar Novus Today & Photon, Photon DE CdTe; grain boundaries properties; cathodoluminescence; electron backscatter diffraction ID SOLAR-CELLS; DIFFRACTION; DIFFUSION AB In this work we present a correlation between the structural and electro-optical properties of grain boundaries in CdTe thin films deposited by vapor transport technique. We were able to identify different types of grain boundaries using electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD), and investigated their recombination properties by cathodoluminescence (CL). The objective is to investigate the existence of "good" and "bad" boundaries in CdTe thin films, which will provide guidance for the growth of better films in the future. The crystallographic orientation, grain size, and relative fraction of different boundaries were determined by EBSD. For the comparison study, the grain boundaries were colored according to their character, and compared to the CL spectra. By applying focused ion beam (FIB) marks, we were able to analyze CL and EBSD maps taken at exactly the same areas. We present a correlation between the types of boundaries with recombination. C1 [Moutinho, H. R.; Moseley, J.; Romero, M. J.; Dhere, R. G.; Jiang, C-S; Jones, K. M.; Duenow, J. N.; Yan, Y.; Al-Jassim, M. M.] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Moutinho, HR (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RI jiang, chun-sheng/F-7839-2012 NR 13 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 6 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0160-8371 BN 978-1-4799-3299-3 J9 IEEE PHOT SPEC CONF PY 2013 BP 3249 EP 3254 PG 6 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Physics GA BB0AV UT WOS:000340054100728 ER PT S AU Wohlgemuth, JH Kempe, MD Miller, DC AF Wohlgemuth, John H. Kempe, Michael D. Miller, David C. GP IEEE TI Discoloration of PV Encapsulants SO 2013 IEEE 39TH PHOTOVOLTAIC SPECIALISTS CONFERENCE (PVSC) SE IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 39th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC) CY JUN 16-21, 2013 CL Tampa, FL SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Electron Devices Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Photon Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Power & Energy Soc, US Photovolta Mfg Consort, AZoCleantech Com, Latin Amer Renovable, Photovolta Int, PVTech, Solar Novus Today & Photon, Photon DE Photovoltaic encapsulants; degradation of photovoltaic modules AB Discoloration of EVA encapsulants with accompanying module power loss was observed in the 1990s. Detailed analyses of the failure modes and recommendations on minimizing the effects have been published. Recent studies, however, indicate that the discoloration has not been eliminated in fielded photovoltaic (PV) modules and is still a major contributor to power degradation in crystalline silicon PV modules. Recent changes in the PV industry and its supply chain make it likely that this phenomenon could be a more significant problem (with significant relearning) in the future. This paper will review the past work on EVA discoloration, present and explain the new results on long-term degradation, and make recommendations on how to limit encapsulation discoloration going forward. C1 [Wohlgemuth, John H.; Kempe, Michael D.; Miller, David C.] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Wohlgemuth, JH (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. NR 15 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 5 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0160-8371 BN 978-1-4799-3299-3 J9 IEEE PHOT SPEC CONF PY 2013 BP 3260 EP 3265 PG 6 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Physics GA BB0AV UT WOS:000340054100730 ER PT S AU Vazquez-Mena, O Regan, W Byrnes, S Ergen, O Gannett, W Wang, F Zettl, A AF Vazquez-Mena, Oscar Regan, William Byrnes, Steven Ergen, Onur Gannett, Will Wang, Feng Zettl, Alex GP IEEE TI A Novel Architecture for Photovoltaic Devices: Field-effect Solar Cells Using Screening-engineered Nanoelectrodes for Silicon and Earth Abundant Cuprous Oxide SO 2013 IEEE 39TH PHOTOVOLTAIC SPECIALISTS CONFERENCE (PVSC) SE IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 39th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC) CY JUN 16-21, 2013 CL Tampa, FL SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Electron Devices Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Photon Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Power & Energy Soc, US Photovolta Mfg Consort, AZoCleantech Com, Latin Amer Renovable, Photovolta Int, PVTech, Solar Novus Today & Photon, Photon DE nanostructures; photovoltaic cells; solar energy; cuprous oxide; field effect AB We present a novel photovoltaic cell architecture based on the electric field effect that controls carrier concentration in semiconductors using screening-engineered nanostructured electrodes. The device operates in inversion mode, with a top gate that forms a depletion layer and a p-n junction, and with nanostructured electrodes that collect the photocurrent across the junction. This architecture does not require any doping process or a heterojunction, opening an alternative path to fabricate cells on hard-to-dope materials such as oxides or phosphides. As a proof of concept, we present a field effect solar cell made of Si. To demonstrate the potential of this configuration for alternative materials, we also present a field-effect solar cell made of cuprous oxide, which has a favorable band gap but that is difficult to dope. We control the behavior of the devices with the gate voltage that forms an inversion layer and hence a rectifying p-n junction. C1 [Vazquez-Mena, Oscar] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Div Mat Sci, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Vazquez-Mena, O (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Zettl, Alex/O-4925-2016 OI Zettl, Alex/0000-0001-6330-136X FU Office of Energy Research, Materials Sciences and Engineering Division; US Department of Energy [DEAC02- 05CH11231]; National Science Foundation; Center of Integrated Nanomechanical Systems [EEC-832819]; Office of Naval Research (MURI); Swiss National Science Foundation [PBELP2-135864]; National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship FX This authors acknowledge the support from the Office of Energy Research, Materials Sciences and Engineering Division, of the US Department of Energy under contract No. DEAC02- 05CH11231, from the National Science Foundation within the Center of Integrated Nanomechanical Systems, under Grant EEC-832819, and from the Office of Naval Research (MURI). O. V. acknowledges support by the Swiss National Science Foundation (PBELP2-135864) and W.R. acknowledges support through a National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0160-8371 BN 978-1-4799-3299-3 J9 IEEE PHOT SPEC CONF PY 2013 BP 3284 EP 3286 PG 3 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Physics GA BB0AV UT WOS:000340054100735 ER PT S AU Flicker, J Kaplar, R Marinella, M Granata, J AF Flicker, Jack Kaplar, Robert Marinella, Matthew Granata, Jennifer GP IEEE TI Lifetime Testing of Metallized Thin Film Capacitors for Inverter Applications SO 2013 IEEE 39TH PHOTOVOLTAIC SPECIALISTS CONFERENCE (PVSC) SE IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 39th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC) CY JUN 16-21, 2013 CL Tampa, FL SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Electron Devices Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Photon Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Power & Energy Soc, US Photovolta Mfg Consort, AZoCleantech Com, Latin Amer Renovable, Photovolta Int, PVTech, Solar Novus Today & Photon, Photon DE PV systems; inverter relitbility; capacitors AB In order to understand the degradation mechanisms and failure precursors of metallized thin film capacitors (MTFC) used in photovoltaic (PV) inverters, we have carried out accelerated testing on MTFCs. By understanding the degradation mechanisms and precursors of imminent catastrophic failure, implementation of a prognostics and health management (PHM) plan can be used to optimize PV array operations and maintenance (O&M), decreasing cost per watt towards the US Department of Energy goals. C1 [Flicker, Jack; Kaplar, Robert; Marinella, Matthew; Granata, Jennifer] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Flicker, J (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 15 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0160-8371 BN 978-1-4799-3299-3 J9 IEEE PHOT SPEC CONF PY 2013 BP 3340 EP 3342 PG 3 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Physics GA BB0AV UT WOS:000340054100749 ER PT S AU MacAlpine, S Deline, C Erickson, R Brandemuehl, M AF MacAlpine, Sara Deline, Chris Erickson, Robert Brandemuehl, Michael GP IEEE TI Measured Module Performance Variation and the Opportunity for Distributed Power Electronics: Analysis of 27 PV Arrays in the Southwestern US SO 2013 IEEE 39TH PHOTOVOLTAIC SPECIALISTS CONFERENCE (PVSC) SE IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 39th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC) CY JUN 16-21, 2013 CL Tampa, FL SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Electron Devices Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Photon Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Power & Energy Soc, US Photovolta Mfg Consort, AZoCleantech Com, Latin Amer Renovable, Photovolta Int, PVTech, Solar Novus Today & Photon, Photon DE mismatch; modeling; photovoltaic systems; power conversion; solar energy AB A custom multitracer system has been designed to collect simultaneous, module-level I-V curves over an entire array. This system is used to acquire high and low light module performance data for over 500 modules, deployed in 27 arrays including six different PV technologies in the Southwestern U.S. The modules' current and voltage parameters show relatively little variation in arrays which are five years old or newer, but in older arrays the mean absolute deviation of maximum power between modules may approach 20% or more. Individual module performance models are created from the data and incorporated into hourly energy simulations for each array. Annual mismatch loss (and thus potential for increased energy capture using distributed power electronics) is found to be minimal, less than 1% for most arrays, but in several it is as high as 1-3% when simulated in their installed configurations. Factors contributing to mismatch loss are analyzed, including investigation of the impact of array orientation, size, module ordering, and string wiring configuration. Varying these factors has little impact on some arrays, but on one it creates scenarios in which the annual mismatch losses may exceed 10%. C1 [MacAlpine, Sara; Erickson, Robert; Brandemuehl, Michael] Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Deline, Chris] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO USA. RP MacAlpine, S (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0160-8371 BN 978-1-4799-3299-3 J9 IEEE PHOT SPEC CONF PY 2013 BP 3343 EP 3348 PG 6 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Physics GA BB0AV UT WOS:000340054100750 ER PT S AU Chen, CT Turner-Evans, DB Emmer, H Aloni, S Atwater, HA AF Chen, Christopher T. Turner-Evans, Daniel B. Emmer, Hal Aloni, Shaul Atwater, Harry A. GP IEEE TI Design and Growth of III-V on Si Microwire Array Tandem Solar Cells SO 2013 IEEE 39TH PHOTOVOLTAIC SPECIALISTS CONFERENCE (PVSC) SE IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 39th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC) CY JUN 16-21, 2013 CL Tampa, FL SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Electron Devices Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Photon Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Power & Energy Soc, US Photovolta Mfg Consort, AZoCleantech Com, Latin Amer Renovable, Photovolta Int, PVTech, Solar Novus Today & Photon, Photon DE epitaxial layers; III-V semiconductor materials; semiconductor device modeling; silicon ID WIRE ARRAYS AB Tandem Ga1-xInxP/Si microwire array solar cells are a route towards a high efficiency, low cost, flexible, wafer-free solar technology. Coupled full-field optical and device physics simulations of a Ga0.51In0.49P/Si wire array tandem are used to predict device performance. A 500 nm thick, highly doped "buffer" layer between the bottom cell and tunnel junction is assumed to harbor a high density of lattice mismatch and heteroepitaxial defects. Under simulated AM1.5G illumination, the device structure explored in this work has a simulated efficiency of 23.84% with realistic top cell SRH lifetimes and surface recombination velocities. The relative insensitivity to surface recombination is likely due to optical generation further away from the free surfaces and interfaces of the device structure. To move towards realizing these device structures, GaP and Ga1-xIxP layers were grown heteroepitaxially with metalorganic chemical vapor deposition on Si microwire array substrates. The layer morphology and crystalline quality have been studied with scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy, and they provide a baseline for the growth and characterization of a full device stack. C1 [Chen, Christopher T.; Turner-Evans, Daniel B.; Emmer, Hal; Atwater, Harry A.] CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Aloni, Shaul] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Mol Foundry, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Chen, CT (reprint author), CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. RI Turner-Evans, Daniel/J-4488-2016 OI Turner-Evans, Daniel/0000-0002-8020-0170 FU EERE; DOE [DEEE0005311]; Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; NSF FX Special thanks go to Emily Warmann and Dr. Virginia Altoe for assistance in detailed balance calculations and TEM. Financial support for this work was provided by the EERE SunShot Initiative, Next Gen PV II award number DOE DEEE0005311. Work at the Molecular Foundry was supported by the Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. Any opinions, findings and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily refl ect those of NSF or DOE. D.B.T-E. acknowledges the NSF for fellowship support. NR 12 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 7 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0160-8371 BN 978-1-4799-3299-3 J9 IEEE PHOT SPEC CONF PY 2013 BP 3397 EP 3401 PG 5 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Physics GA BB0AV UT WOS:000340054100761 ER PT S AU Muller, M Silverman, TJ Deceglie, M Kurtz, S Menard, E Burroughs, S AF Muller, Matthew Silverman, Timothy J. Deceglie, Michael Kurtz, Sarah Menard, Etienne Burroughs, Scott GP IEEE TI Optical Cell Temperature Measurements of Multiple CPV Technologies in Outdoor Conditionsac SO 2013 IEEE 39TH PHOTOVOLTAIC SPECIALISTS CONFERENCE (PVSC) SE IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 39th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC) CY JUN 16-21, 2013 CL Tampa, FL SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Electron Devices Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Photon Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Power & Energy Soc, US Photovolta Mfg Consort, AZoCleantech Com, Latin Amer Renovable, Photovolta Int, PVTech, Solar Novus Today & Photon, Photon DE photovoltaic systems; temperature measurement; optical sensor; gallium arsenide AB It is well known that photovoltaic performance is dependent on cell temperature. Although various methods have been explored to determine outdoor concentrating photovoltaic (CPV) cell temperature, no method has proven to work across all module technologies and result in desirable uncertainties [I]. Menard [2] has recently published results claiming accurate measurements of cell temperature using the wavelength shift of light emitted from the sub-cells of a Semprius CPV module. This work focuses on efforts to verify Menard's results using additional CPV technologies that are on-sun at NREL. Baseline electro-luminescence emission is recorded for modules under a low level forward bias and under isothermal conditions using thermal chambers. The same modules or sister modules are then placed on NREL's high accuracy two-axis tracker for outdoor measurements. Photo-luminescence emission peaks are measured for multiple modules at stable wind and irradiance conditions. Emission results from the sub-cells are compared to what is documented in the literature for the given semiconductor material. The signal to background ratio is analyzed and the possible broad applicability of this procedure is discussed. C1 [Muller, Matthew; Silverman, Timothy J.; Deceglie, Michael; Kurtz, Sarah] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Menard, Etienne; Burroughs, Scott] Semprius Inc, Durham, NC 27713 USA. RP Muller, M (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. NR 8 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0160-8371 BN 978-1-4799-3299-3 J9 IEEE PHOT SPEC CONF PY 2013 BP 3426 EP 3430 PG 5 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Physics GA BB0AV UT WOS:000340054100767 ER PT S AU Paap, S Gupta, V Cruz-Campa, JL Okandan, M Sweatt, W Jared, B Anderson, B Nielson, G Tauke-Pedretti, A Nelson, J AF Paap, Scott Gupta, Vipin Cruz-Campa, Jose Luis Okandan, Murat Sweatt, William Jared, Bradley Anderson, Ben Nielson, Greg Tauke-Pedretti, Anna Nelson, Jeff GP IEEE TI Cost Analysis for Flat-Plate Concentrators Employing Microscale Photovoltaic Cells SO 2013 IEEE 39TH PHOTOVOLTAIC SPECIALISTS CONFERENCE (PVSC) SE IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 39th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC) CY JUN 16-21, 2013 CL Tampa, FL SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Electron Devices Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Photon Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Power & Energy Soc, US Photovolta Mfg Consort, AZoCleantech Com, Latin Amer Renovable, Photovolta Int, PVTech, Solar Novus Today & Photon, Photon DE photovoltaic systems; silicon; costs; modeling; photovoltaic cells AB Microsystems Enabled Photovoltaics (MEPV) is a relatively new field that uses microsystems tools and manufacturing techniques familiar to the semiconductor industry to produce microscale photovoltaic cells. The miniaturization of these PV cells creates new possibilities in system designs that may be able to achieve the US Department of Energy (DOE) price target of $1/W-p, by 2020 for utility-scale electricity generation. In this article, we introduce analytical tools and techniques to estimate the costs associated with a concentrating photovoltaic system that uses microscale photovoltaic cells and miniaturized optics. The overall model comprises the component costs associated with the PV cells, concentrating optics, balance of systems, installation, and operation. Estimates include profit margin and are discussed in the context of current and projected prices for non-concentrating and concentrating photovoltaics. Our analysis indicates that cells with a width of between 100 and 300 um will minimize the module costs of the initial design within the range of concentration ratios considered. To achieve the DOE price target of $1/W-p by 2020, module efficiencies over 35% will likely be necessary. C1 [Paap, Scott] Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Paap, S (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 7 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 6 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0160-8371 BN 978-1-4799-3299-3 J9 IEEE PHOT SPEC CONF PY 2013 BP 3431 EP 3434 PG 4 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Physics GA BB0AV UT WOS:000340054100768 ER PT S AU Klise, GT Johnson, JL Adomatis, SK AF Klise, Geoffrey T. Johnson, Jamie L. Adomatis, Sandra K. GP IEEE TI Standardizing Appraisals for PV Installations SO 2013 IEEE 39TH PHOTOVOLTAIC SPECIALISTS CONFERENCE (PVSC) SE IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 39th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC) CY JUN 16-21, 2013 CL Tampa, FL SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Electron Devices Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Photon Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Power & Energy Soc, US Photovolta Mfg Consort, AZoCleantech Com, Latin Amer Renovable, Photovolta Int, PVTech, Solar Novus Today & Photon, Photon DE photovoltaic systems; appraisal; market value; fair market value; property transaction AB As PV installations increase across the U.S., there will be a point when an appraiser will have the opportunity to value the PV system as part of a property sale or re-finance. Proper valuation techniques as applied to solar PV are necessary to reflect the increase in market demand for solar PV systems. Appraisers must follow the Uniform Standards of Professional Appraisal Practices (USPAP) when valuing solar PV systems, which means that appraisers must gain competency to 1) accurately recognize the value proposition of a PV system, and 2) develop the PV system's market value as it contributes to the property. The challenges currently faced by property owners with installed PV are whether the PV system adds market value to the property, and finding an appraiser with competency. Not all markets are the same, and PV market values will vary considerably based on many factors that include, but are not limited to the adoption rate in the particular market, the utility rate paid by the customer, the PV system's condition, aesthetics, and obsolescence. This paper will discuss how past challenges with respect to proper PV system valuation are being addressed in a standard fashion, along with the far-reaching benefits that may be available to future PV adopters as valuation concepts are ultimately recognized and adopted by valuation professionals, real estate agents, mortgage lenders and underwriters. C1 [Klise, Geoffrey T.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Klise, GT (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0160-8371 BN 978-1-4799-3299-3 J9 IEEE PHOT SPEC CONF PY 2013 BP 3454 EP 3462 PG 9 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Physics GA BB0AV UT WOS:000340054100774 ER PT S AU Seel, J Barbose, G Wiser, R AF Seel, Joachim Barbose, Galen Wiser, Ryan GP IEEE TI An Analysis of Residential PV System Price Differences Between the United States and Germany SO 2013 IEEE 39TH PHOTOVOLTAIC SPECIALISTS CONFERENCE (PVSC) SE IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 39th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC) CY JUN 16-21, 2013 CL Tampa, FL SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Electron Devices Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Photon Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Power & Energy Soc, US Photovolta Mfg Consort, AZoCleantech Com, Latin Amer Renovable, Photovolta Int, PVTech, Solar Novus Today & Photon, Photon DE best practices; costs; learning; international collaboration; market research; public policy AB Residential photovoltaic (PV) systems are significantly more expensive in the United States than in Germany ($5.18/W vs. $2.59/W in 2012). These price discrepancies stem from differences in "soft costs" between the two countries. A survey of German PV installers was deployed to collect granular data on PV soft costs in Germany, and the results are compared to those of a similar survey of US PV installers. Non-module hardware costs and all analyzed soft costs are lower in Germany, especially for customer acquisition, installation labor and profit/overhead costs, but also for expenses related to permitting, interconnection and inspection procedures. Index Terms best practices, costs, learning, international collaboration, market research, public policy. C1 [Seel, Joachim; Barbose, Galen; Wiser, Ryan] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Seel, J (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0160-8371 BN 978-1-4799-3299-3 J9 IEEE PHOT SPEC CONF PY 2013 BP 3469 EP 3474 PG 6 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Physics GA BB0AV UT WOS:000340054100776 ER PT S AU Grover, S Li, JV Young, DL Stradins, P Branz, HM AF Grover, Sachit Li, Jian V. Young, David L. Stradins, Paul Branz, Howard M. GP IEEE TI New analysis of suns-V-OC and V-OC(T): A simple method to quantify recombination channels in solar cells SO 2013 IEEE 39TH PHOTOVOLTAIC SPECIALISTS CONFERENCE (PVSC) SE IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 39th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC) CY JUN 16-21, 2013 CL Tampa, FL SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Electron Devices Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Photon Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Power & Energy Soc, US Photovolta Mfg Consort, AZoCleantech Com, Latin Amer Renovable, Photovolta Int, PVTech, Solar Novus Today & Photon, Photon DE Solar cells; recombination; ideality factor; open-circuit voltage; intensity; temperature; heterojunction AB Analyzing regions of dominant recombination in a solar cell is crucial to guide process modifications and device improvements that improve efficiency. Common characterizations such as dark and light current-voltage and quantum efficiency provide only qualitative insights into the distribution of recombination in a solar cell, especially when the cell contains a heterojunction emitter. The open-circuit voltage (Voc) is a sensitive indicator of recombination since generation equals recombination at that bias. We leverage the light and temperature dependence of Voc to quantify recombination in the space-charge (SCR), quasi-neutral (QNR) and junction-interface regions of heterojunction solar cell. By combining the operating conditions and recombination parameters into a common equation for Voc, we enable the separation of recombination in different regions of the cell and provide a meaningful interpretation of previously known variables. C1 [Grover, Sachit; Li, Jian V.; Young, David L.; Stradins, Paul; Branz, Howard M.] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Grover, S (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RI Li, Jian/B-1627-2016 NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0160-8371 BN 978-1-4799-3299-3 J9 IEEE PHOT SPEC CONF PY 2013 BP 3504 EP 3505 PG 2 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Physics GA BB0AV UT WOS:000340054100784 ER PT J AU Rodriguez, JA AF Rodriguez, Jose A. BE Trovarelli, A Fornasiero, P TI DESIGN AND MODELING OF ACTIVE SITES IN METAL-CERIA CATALYSTS FOR THE WATER GAS SHIFT REACTION AND RELATED CHEMICAL PROCESSES SO CATALYSIS BY CERIA AND RELATED MATERIALS, 2ND EDITION SE Catalytic Science Series LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID SCANNING-TUNNELING-MICROSCOPY; AU NANOPARTICLES; THERMAL-PROPERTIES; DEFECT STRUCTURE; NANOMETER LEVEL; ATOMIC OXYGEN; O VACANCIES; OXIDE-FILMS; THIN-FILMS; IN-SITU C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Rodriguez, JA (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 57 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA PO BOX 128 FARRER RD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE BN 978-1-84816-963-0 J9 CATALY SCI SER PY 2013 VL 12 BP 465 EP 495 D2 10.1142/p870 PG 31 WC Chemistry, Applied; Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA BA7PL UT WOS:000337693700010 ER PT S AU Sabo, D Jiao, D Varma, S Pratt, LR Rempe, SB AF Sabo, D. Jiao, D. Varma, S. Pratt, L. R. Rempe, S. B. BE Webb, GA TI Case study of Rb+(aq), quasi-chemical theory of ion hydration, and the no split occupancies rule SO ANNUAL REPORTS ON THE PROGRESS OF CHEMISTRY 2013, VOL 109, SECTION C: PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY SE Annual Reports on the Progress of Chemistry Section C-Physical Chemistry LA English DT Review; Book Chapter ID INITIO MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; DENSITY-FUNCTIONAL THEORY; PATHOGENIC T(H)17 CELLS; FREE-ENERGY; LIQUID WATER; K+ SELECTIVITY; RIGID WATER; BASIS-SET; MODELS; COORDINATION AB Quasi-chemical theory applied to ion hydration combines statistical mechanical theory, electronic structure calculations, and molecular simulation, disciplines which are individually subjects for specialized professional attention. Because it combines activities which are themselves non-trivial, quasi-chemical theory is typically viewed with surprise. Nevertheless, it provides a fully-considered framework for analysis of ion hydration. Furthermore, the initial calculations are indeed simple, successful, and provide new information to long-standing experimental activities such as neutron diffraction by hydrated ions. Here we review quasi-chemical theory in the context of a challenging application, Rb+(aq). C1 [Sabo, D.; Varma, S.; Rempe, S. B.] Sandia Natl Labs, Ctr Biol & Mat Sci, Albuquerque, NM 87123 USA. [Sabo, D.] NYU, Dept Chem, New York, NY 10003 USA. [Jiao, D.] Univ Texas Houston, Texas Adv Comp Ctr, Houston, TX USA. [Varma, S.] Univ S Florida, Dept Cell Biol Microbiol & Mol Biol, Tampa, FL USA. [Pratt, L. R.] Tulane Univ, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, New Orleans, LA 70118 USA. RP Sabo, D (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Ctr Biol & Mat Sci, Albuquerque, NM 87123 USA. EM dubravko.sabo@nyu.edu; jiao@tacc.utexas.edu; svarma@usf.edu; lpratt@tulane.edu; slrempe@sandia.gov NR 81 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 2 U2 7 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, CAMBRIDGE CB4 4WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 0260-1826 J9 ANNU REP PROG CHEM C PY 2013 VL 109 BP 266 EP 278 DI 10.1039/c3pc90009f PG 13 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA BA9SB UT WOS:000339803600011 ER PT J AU Foster, I AF Foster, Ian BA Tan, W Zhou, MC BF Tan, W Zhou, MC TI Business and Scientific Workflows A Web Service-Oriented Approach Introduction SO BUSINESS AND SCIENTIFIC WORKFLOWS: A WEB SERVICE-ORIENTED APPROACH LA English DT Editorial Material; Book Chapter C1 [Foster, Ian] Univ Chicago, Computat Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Foster, Ian] Univ Chicago, Dept Comp Sci, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Foster, Ian] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Foster, I (reprint author), Univ Chicago, Computat Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE PUBL PI OXFORD PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0EL, ENGLAND BN 978-1-11-817133-2 PY 2013 BP 1 EP 28 D2 10.1002/9781118554609 PG 28 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BA9QQ UT WOS:000339726800003 ER PT J AU Foster, I AF Foster, Ian BA Tan, W Zhou, MC BF Tan, W Zhou, MC TI Business and Scientific Workflows A Web Service-Oriented Approach Foreword SO BUSINESS AND SCIENTIFIC WORKFLOWS: A WEB SERVICE-ORIENTED APPROACH LA English DT Editorial Material; Book Chapter C1 [Foster, Ian] Univ Chicago, Computat Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Foster, Ian] Univ Chicago, Dept Comp Sci, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Foster, Ian] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Foster, I (reprint author), Univ Chicago, Computat Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE PUBL PI OXFORD PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0EL, ENGLAND BN 978-1-11-817133-2 PY 2013 BP XI EP XII D2 10.1002/9781118554609 PG 2 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BA9QQ UT WOS:000339726800001 ER PT J AU Foster, I AF Foster, Ian BA Tan, W Zhou, MC BF Tan, W Zhou, MC TI Business and Scientific Workflows A Web Service-Oriented Approach Preface SO BUSINESS AND SCIENTIFIC WORKFLOWS: A WEB SERVICE-ORIENTED APPROACH LA English DT Editorial Material; Book Chapter C1 [Foster, Ian] Univ Chicago, Computat Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Foster, Ian] Univ Chicago, Dept Comp Sci, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Foster, Ian] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Foster, I (reprint author), Univ Chicago, Computat Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE PUBL PI OXFORD PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0EL, ENGLAND BN 978-1-11-817133-2 PY 2013 BP XIII EP + D2 10.1002/9781118554609 PG 23 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BA9QQ UT WOS:000339726800002 ER PT J AU Foster, I AF Foster, Ian BA Tan, W Zhou, MC BF Tan, W Zhou, MC TI Petri Net Formalism SO BUSINESS AND SCIENTIFIC WORKFLOWS: A WEB SERVICE-ORIENTED APPROACH LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Foster, Ian] Univ Chicago, Computat Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Foster, Ian] Univ Chicago, Dept Comp Sci, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Foster, Ian] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Foster, I (reprint author), Univ Chicago, Computat Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE PUBL PI OXFORD PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0EL, ENGLAND BN 978-1-11-817133-2 PY 2013 BP 29 EP 38 D2 10.1002/9781118554609 PG 10 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BA9QQ UT WOS:000339726800004 ER PT J AU Foster, I AF Foster, Ian BA Tan, W Zhou, MC BF Tan, W Zhou, MC TI Data-Driven Service Composition SO BUSINESS AND SCIENTIFIC WORKFLOWS: A WEB SERVICE-ORIENTED APPROACH LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Foster, Ian] Univ Chicago, Computat Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Foster, Ian] Univ Chicago, Dept Comp Sci, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Foster, Ian] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Foster, I (reprint author), Univ Chicago, Computat Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE PUBL PI OXFORD PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0EL, ENGLAND BN 978-1-11-817133-2 PY 2013 BP 39 EP 64 D2 10.1002/9781118554609 PG 26 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BA9QQ UT WOS:000339726800005 ER PT J AU Foster, I AF Foster, Ian BA Tan, W Zhou, MC BF Tan, W Zhou, MC TI Analysis and Composition of Partially-Compatible Web Services SO BUSINESS AND SCIENTIFIC WORKFLOWS: A WEB SERVICE-ORIENTED APPROACH LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Foster, Ian] Univ Chicago, Computat Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Foster, Ian] Univ Chicago, Dept Comp Sci, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Foster, Ian] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Foster, I (reprint author), Univ Chicago, Computat Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE PUBL PI OXFORD PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0EL, ENGLAND BN 978-1-11-817133-2 PY 2013 BP 65 EP 97 D2 10.1002/9781118554609 PG 33 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BA9QQ UT WOS:000339726800006 ER PT J AU Foster, I AF Foster, Ian BA Tan, W Zhou, MC BF Tan, W Zhou, MC TI Web Service Configuration with Multiple Quality-of-Service Attributes SO BUSINESS AND SCIENTIFIC WORKFLOWS: A WEB SERVICE-ORIENTED APPROACH LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Foster, Ian] Univ Chicago, Computat Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Foster, Ian] Univ Chicago, Dept Comp Sci, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Foster, Ian] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Foster, I (reprint author), Univ Chicago, Computat Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE PUBL PI OXFORD PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0EL, ENGLAND BN 978-1-11-817133-2 PY 2013 BP 99 EP 126 D2 10.1002/9781118554609 PG 28 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BA9QQ UT WOS:000339726800007 ER PT J AU Foster, I AF Foster, Ian BA Tan, W Zhou, MC BF Tan, W Zhou, MC TI A Web Service-Based Public-Oriented Personalized Health Care Platform SO BUSINESS AND SCIENTIFIC WORKFLOWS: A WEB SERVICE-ORIENTED APPROACH LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Foster, Ian] Univ Chicago, Computat Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Foster, Ian] Univ Chicago, Dept Comp Sci, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Foster, Ian] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Foster, I (reprint author), Univ Chicago, Computat Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE PUBL PI OXFORD PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0EL, ENGLAND BN 978-1-11-817133-2 PY 2013 BP 127 EP 160 D2 10.1002/9781118554609 PG 34 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BA9QQ UT WOS:000339726800008 ER PT J AU Foster, I AF Foster, Ian BA Tan, W Zhou, MC BF Tan, W Zhou, MC TI Scientific Workflows Enabling Web-Scale Collaboration SO BUSINESS AND SCIENTIFIC WORKFLOWS: A WEB SERVICE-ORIENTED APPROACH LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Foster, Ian] Univ Chicago, Computat Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Foster, Ian] Univ Chicago, Dept Comp Sci, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Foster, Ian] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Foster, I (reprint author), Univ Chicago, Computat Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE PUBL PI OXFORD PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0EL, ENGLAND BN 978-1-11-817133-2 PY 2013 BP 161 EP 188 D2 10.1002/9781118554609 PG 28 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BA9QQ UT WOS:000339726800009 ER PT J AU Foster, I AF Foster, Ian BA Tan, W Zhou, MC BF Tan, W Zhou, MC TI Network Analysis and Reuse of Scientific Workflows SO BUSINESS AND SCIENTIFIC WORKFLOWS: A WEB SERVICE-ORIENTED APPROACH LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Foster, Ian] Univ Chicago, Computat Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Foster, Ian] Univ Chicago, Dept Comp Sci, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Foster, Ian] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Foster, I (reprint author), Univ Chicago, Computat Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE PUBL PI OXFORD PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0EL, ENGLAND BN 978-1-11-817133-2 PY 2013 BP 189 EP 219 D2 10.1002/9781118554609 PG 31 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BA9QQ UT WOS:000339726800010 ER PT J AU Foster, I AF Foster, Ian BA Tan, W Zhou, MC BF Tan, W Zhou, MC TI Future Perspectives SO BUSINESS AND SCIENTIFIC WORKFLOWS: A WEB SERVICE-ORIENTED APPROACH LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Foster, Ian] Univ Chicago, Computat Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Foster, Ian] Univ Chicago, Dept Comp Sci, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Foster, Ian] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Foster, I (reprint author), Univ Chicago, Computat Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE PUBL PI OXFORD PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0EL, ENGLAND BN 978-1-11-817133-2 PY 2013 BP 221 EP 225 D2 10.1002/9781118554609 PG 5 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BA9QQ UT WOS:000339726800011 ER PT B AU Bonnell, DA Kalinin, SV AF Bonnell, Dawn A. Kalinin, Sergei V. BE Bonnell, DA Kalinin, SV TI LOCAL PROBES IN THE NEXT DECADE OF ENERGY RESEARCH: BRIDGING MACROSCOPIC AND ATOMIC WORLDS SO SCANNING PROBE MICROSCOPY FOR ENERGY RESEARCH SE World Scientific Series in Nanoscience and Nanotechnology LA English DT Editorial Material; Book Chapter ID IN-SITU AFM; LITHIUM-ION BATTERIES; FORCE MICROSCOPY; IMPEDANCE; NANOSCALE; LI; SURFACE; MICROELECTRODES; TRANSPORT; REDUCTION C1 [Bonnell, Dawn A.] Univ Penn, Nano Bio Interface Ctr, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Kalinin, Sergei V.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Nanophase Mat, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Bonnell, DA (reprint author), Univ Penn, Nano Bio Interface Ctr, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. NR 102 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA PO BOX 128 FARRER RD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE BN 978-981-4434-71-3; 978-981-4434-70-6 J9 WOR SCI SER NANO PY 2013 VL 7 BP 3 EP 35 D2 10.1142/8613 PG 33 WC Energy & Fuels; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Microscopy SC Energy & Fuels; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Microscopy GA BA6IZ UT WOS:000337156100002 ER PT B AU Bonnell, D Kalinin, S AF Bonnell, Dawn Kalinin, Sergei BE Bonnell, DA Kalinin, SV TI Scanning Probe Microscopy for Energy Research PREFACE SO SCANNING PROBE MICROSCOPY FOR ENERGY RESEARCH SE World Scientific Series in Nanoscience and Nanotechnology LA English DT Editorial Material; Book Chapter C1 [Bonnell, Dawn] Univ Penn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Kalinin, Sergei] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. RP Bonnell, D (reprint author), Univ Penn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA PO BOX 128 FARRER RD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE BN 978-981-4434-71-3; 978-981-4434-70-6 J9 WOR SCI SER NANO PY 2013 VL 7 BP V EP VI D2 10.1142/8613 PG 2 WC Energy & Fuels; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Microscopy SC Energy & Fuels; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Microscopy GA BA6IZ UT WOS:000337156100001 ER PT B AU Smerdon, JA Giebink, NC Guest, JR AF Smerdon, J. A. Giebink, N. C. Guest, J. R. BE Bonnell, DA Kalinin, SV TI REVERSIBLE RECTIFICATION IN SUB-MONOLAYER MOLECULAR P-N JUNCTIONS: TOWARDS NANOSCALE PHOTOVOLTAIC STUDIES SO SCANNING PROBE MICROSCOPY FOR ENERGY RESEARCH SE World Scientific Series in Nanoscience and Nanotechnology LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID SCANNING-TUNNELING-MICROSCOPY; HETEROJUNCTION SOLAR-CELLS; EPITAXIAL GRAPHENE; ENERGY; FILMS; C-60; SPECTROSCOPY; PERFORMANCE; AU(111) C1 [Smerdon, J. A.] Univ Liverpool, Dept Phys, Liverpool L69 7ZE, Merseyside, England. [Giebink, N. C.] Penn State Univ, Dept Elect Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Guest, J. R.] Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Nanoscale Mat, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Smerdon, JA (reprint author), Univ Liverpool, Dept Phys, Oxford St, Liverpool L69 7ZE, Merseyside, England. NR 52 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 4 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA PO BOX 128 FARRER RD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE BN 978-981-4434-71-3; 978-981-4434-70-6 J9 WOR SCI SER NANO PY 2013 VL 7 BP 163 EP 184 D2 10.1142/8613 PG 22 WC Energy & Fuels; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Microscopy SC Energy & Fuels; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Microscopy GA BA6IZ UT WOS:000337156100006 ER PT B AU Kumar, A Jesse, S Kalinin, SV Ciucci, F Morozovska, A AF Kumar, Amit Jesse, Stephen Kalinin, Sergei V. Ciucci, Francesco Morozovska, Anna BE Bonnell, DA Kalinin, SV TI ELECTROCHEMICAL STRAIN MICROSCOPY OF OXYGEN-ION CONDUCTORS: FUEL CELLS AND OXIDE ELECTRONICS SO SCANNING PROBE MICROSCOPY FOR ENERGY RESEARCH SE World Scientific Series in Nanoscience and Nanotechnology LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID YTTRIA-STABILIZED ZIRCONIA; SCANNING PROBE MICROSCOPY; ATOMIC-FORCE MICROSCOPY; DIELECTRIC-RELAXATION; TRANSPORT-PROPERTIES; REDUCTION KINETICS; CHEMICAL EXPANSION; THIN-FILMS; NANOSCALE; SPECTROSCOPY C1 [Kumar, Amit; Jesse, Stephen; Kalinin, Sergei V.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Nanophase Mat Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Ciucci, Francesco] Hong Kong Univ Sci & Technol, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. [Morozovska, Anna] Natl Acad Sci Ukraine, Inst Semicond Phys, UA-03028 Kiev, Ukraine. RP Kalinin, SV (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Nanophase Mat Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM sergei2@ornl.gov NR 95 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA PO BOX 128 FARRER RD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE BN 978-981-4434-71-3; 978-981-4434-70-6 J9 WOR SCI SER NANO PY 2013 VL 7 BP 253 EP 298 D2 10.1142/8613 PG 46 WC Energy & Fuels; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Microscopy SC Energy & Fuels; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Microscopy GA BA6IZ UT WOS:000337156100010 ER PT B AU Arruda, TM Balke, N Jesse, S Kalinin, SV AF Arruda, Thomas M. Balke, Nina Jesse, Stephen Kalinin, Sergei V. BE Bonnell, DA Kalinin, SV TI ELECTROCHEMICAL STRAIN MICROSCOPY OF LI-ION AND LI-AIR BATTERY MATERIALS SO SCANNING PROBE MICROSCOPY FOR ENERGY RESEARCH SE World Scientific Series in Nanoscience and Nanotechnology LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID ATOMIC-FORCE MICROSCOPY; IN-SITU AFM; STATIONARY ELECTRODE POLAROGRAPHY; HIGH-ENERGY DENSITY; GLASS-CERAMICS; SPINEL LIMN2O4; AQUEOUS-ELECTROLYTES; NANOMETER RESOLUTION; LITHIUM BATTERIES; CATHODE MATERIAL C1 [Arruda, Thomas M.; Balke, Nina; Jesse, Stephen; Kalinin, Sergei V.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Nanophase Mat Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37931 USA. RP Arruda, TM (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Nanophase Mat Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37931 USA. EM arrudatm@ornl.gov NR 152 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 5 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA PO BOX 128 FARRER RD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE BN 978-981-4434-71-3; 978-981-4434-70-6 J9 WOR SCI SER NANO PY 2013 VL 7 BP 393 EP 454 D2 10.1142/8613 PG 62 WC Energy & Fuels; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Microscopy SC Energy & Fuels; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Microscopy GA BA6IZ UT WOS:000337156100016 ER PT B AU Cayan, DR Tyree, M Kunkel, KE Castro, C Gershunov, A Barsugli, J Ray, AJ Overpeck, J Anderson, M Russell, J Rajagopalan, B Rangwala, I Duffy, P AF Cayan, Daniel R. Tyree, Mary Kunkel, Kenneth E. Castro, Chris Gershunov, Alexander Barsugli, Joseph Ray, Andrea J. Overpeck, Jonathan Anderson, Michael Russell, Joellen Rajagopalan, Balaji Rangwala, Imtiaz Duffy, Phil BE Garfin, G Jardine, A Merideth, R Black, M LeRoy, S TI Future Climate: Projected Average SO ASSESSMENT OF CLIMATE CHANGE IN THE SOUTHWEST UNITED STATES: A REPORT PREPARED FOR THE NATIONAL CLIMATE ASSESSMENT SE NCA Regional Input Reports LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID WESTERN UNITED-STATES; SOUTHWESTERN NORTH-AMERICA; WINTER CYCLONE FREQUENCIES; MODELING SYSTEM RAMS; WATER-RESOURCES; MONSOON PRECIPITATION; 21ST-CENTURY DROUGHT; SUMMER CLIMATE; CHANGE IMPACTS; DIURNAL CYCLE C1 [Cayan, Daniel R.; Tyree, Mary; Gershunov, Alexander] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. [Cayan, Daniel R.] US Geol Survey, Reston, VA USA. [Kunkel, Kenneth E.] N Carolina State Univ, NOAA, Cooperat Inst Climate & Satellites, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Kunkel, Kenneth E.] Natl Climate Data Ctr, Asheville, NC USA. [Castro, Chris; Overpeck, Jonathan; Russell, Joellen] Univ Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Barsugli, Joseph] Univ Colorado, CIRES, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Ray, Andrea J.] NOAA, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Anderson, Michael] Calif Dept Water Resources, Sacramento, CA USA. [Rajagopalan, Balaji] Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Rangwala, Imtiaz] Univ Corp Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO USA. [Duffy, Phil] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. RP Cayan, DR (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. RI BARSUGLI, JOSEPH/K-3541-2015 OI Russell, Joellen/0000-0001-9937-6056; BARSUGLI, JOSEPH/0000-0002-3078-6396 NR 64 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 2 U2 6 PU ISLAND PRESS PI WASHINGTON PA 1718 CONNECTICUT AVE NW, SUITE 300, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA BN 978-1-61091-484-0; 978-1-59726-420-4 J9 NCA REGION INPUT REP PY 2013 BP 101 EP 125 DI 10.5822/978-1-61091-484-0_6 D2 10.5822/978-1-61091-484-0 PG 25 WC Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies; Geography; Geography, Physical SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geography; Physical Geography GA BA8DA UT WOS:000337976900006 ER PT B AU Tidwell, VC Dale, L Franco, G Averyt, K Wei, M Kammen, DM Nelson, JH AF Tidwell, Vincent C. Dale, Larry Franco, Guido Averyt, Kristen Wei, Max Kammen, Daniel M. Nelson, James H. BE Garfin, G Jardine, A Merideth, R Black, M LeRoy, S TI Energy: Supply, Demand, and Impacts SO ASSESSMENT OF CLIMATE CHANGE IN THE SOUTHWEST UNITED STATES: A REPORT PREPARED FOR THE NATIONAL CLIMATE ASSESSMENT SE NCA Regional Input Reports LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID CLIMATE-CHANGE IMPACTS; CALIFORNIA SIERRA-NEVADA; TEMPERATURE; RESOURCE C1 [Tidwell, Vincent C.] Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Dale, Larry; Wei, Max] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA USA. [Franco, Guido] Calif Energy Commiss, Sacramento, CA USA. [Averyt, Kristen] Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Kammen, Daniel M.; Nelson, James H.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Tidwell, VC (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. OI Tidwell, Vincent/0000-0002-4954-897X NR 79 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ISLAND PRESS PI WASHINGTON PA 1718 CONNECTICUT AVE NW, SUITE 300, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA BN 978-1-61091-484-0; 978-1-59726-420-4 J9 NCA REGION INPUT REP PY 2013 BP 240 EP 266 DI 10.5822/978-1-61091-484-0_12 D2 10.5822/978-1-61091-484-0 PG 27 WC Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies; Geography; Geography, Physical SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geography; Physical Geography GA BA8DA UT WOS:000337976900012 ER PT B AU Liverman, D Moser, SC Weiland, PS Dilling, L Boykoff, MT Brown, HE Gordon, ES Greene, C Holthaus, E Niemeier, DA Pincetl, S Steenburgh, WJ Tidwell, VC AF Liverman, Diana Moser, Susanne C. Weiland, Paul S. Dilling, Lisa Boykoff, Maxwell T. Brown, Heidi E. Gordon, Eric S. Greene, Christina Holthaus, Eric Niemeier, Deb A. Pincetl, Stephanie Steenburgh, W. James Tidwell, Vincent C. BE Garfin, G Jardine, A Merideth, R Black, M LeRoy, S TI Climate Choices for a Sustainable Southwest SO ASSESSMENT OF CLIMATE CHANGE IN THE SOUTHWEST UNITED STATES: A REPORT PREPARED FOR THE NATIONAL CLIMATE ASSESSMENT SE NCA Regional Input Reports LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID CHANGE ADAPTATION; WATER MANAGEMENT; RIVER DELTA; BARRIERS; ENERGY; TRANSFORMATION; GOVERNANCE; STRATEGIES; CALIFORNIA; EMISSIONS C1 [Liverman, Diana; Brown, Heidi E.; Greene, Christina; Holthaus, Eric] Univ Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Moser, Susanne C.] Stanford Univ, Susanne Moser Res & Consulting, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Weiland, Paul S.] Nossaman Inc, Pella, IA USA. [Dilling, Lisa; Boykoff, Maxwell T.; Gordon, Eric S.] Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Niemeier, Deb A.] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Pincetl, Stephanie] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Steenburgh, W. James] Univ Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. [Tidwell, Vincent C.] Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Liverman, D (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. NR 102 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 5 PU ISLAND PRESS PI WASHINGTON PA 1718 CONNECTICUT AVE NW, SUITE 300, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA BN 978-1-61091-484-0; 978-1-59726-420-4 J9 NCA REGION INPUT REP PY 2013 BP 405 EP 435 DI 10.5822/978-1-61091-484-0_18 D2 10.5822/978-1-61091-484-0 PG 31 WC Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies; Geography; Geography, Physical SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geography; Physical Geography GA BA8DA UT WOS:000337976900018 ER PT S AU Wang, JH Valenzuela, J Botterud, A Keko, H Bessa, R Miranda, V AF Wang, Jianhui Valenzuela, Jorge Botterud, Audun Keko, Hrvoje Bessa, Ricardo Miranda, Vladimiro BE Pardalos, PM Rebennack, S Pereira, MVF Iliadis, NA Pappu, V TI Reliability Assessment Unit Commitment with Uncertain Wind Power SO HANDBOOK OF WIND POWER SYSTEMS SE Energy Systems LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID PROBABILISTIC FORECASTS; GENERATION AB This book chapter reports a study on the importance of modeling wind power uncertainty in the reliability assessment commitment procedure. The study compares, in terms of economic and reliability benefits, the deterministic and stochastic approaches to modeling wind power. The report describes the mathematical formulation of both approaches and gives numerical results on a 10-unit test system. It is found that scenario representation of wind power uncertainty in conjunction with a proper reserve margin to accommodate for wind power uncertainty may provide higher benefits to market participants. C1 [Wang, Jianhui; Valenzuela, Jorge; Botterud, Audun] Argonne Natl Lab, Decis & Informat Sci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Valenzuela, Jorge] Auburn Univ, Dept Ind Syst Engn, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. [Keko, Hrvoje; Bessa, Ricardo; Miranda, Vladimiro] Inst Syst & Comp Engn Porto, INESC Porto, Oporto, Portugal. [Keko, Hrvoje; Bessa, Ricardo; Miranda, Vladimiro] Univ Porto, Fac Engn, P-4100 Oporto, Portugal. RP Wang, JH (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Decis & Informat Sci Div, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM jianhui.wang@anl.gov NR 16 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 1867-8998 BN 978-3-642-41080-2; 978-3-642-41079-6 J9 ENERG SYST PY 2013 BP 3 EP 20 DI 10.1007/978-3-642-41080-2_1 D2 10.1007/978-3-642-41080-2 PG 18 WC Energy & Fuels SC Energy & Fuels GA BA7CI UT WOS:000337399300002 ER PT J AU Garrett, CK Hauck, CD AF Garrett, C. Kristopher Hauck, Cory D. TI A Comparison of Moment Closures for Linear Kinetic Transport Equations: The Line Source Benchmark SO TRANSPORT THEORY AND STATISTICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE moment closures; kinetic equations; filtering; entropy ID HYPERBOLIC CONSERVATION-LAWS; ENTROPY-BASED CLOSURES; MEAN FREE PATHS; MAXIMUM-ENTROPY; NEUTRON-TRANSPORT; STIFF RELAXATION; RIEMANN SOLVERS; SLAB GEOMETRY; SCHEMES; APPROXIMATION AB We discuss several moment closure models for linear kinetic equations that have been developed over the past few years as alternatives to classical spectral and collocation methods. We then present numerical simulation results for a challenging benchmark problem known as the line source and observe the relative strengths and weaknesses of each closure. The results should prove useful for application scientists in making decisions about which methods are best suited to a given problem. They also provide a guide to help numerical experts who are interested in developing new, improved methods. C1 [Garrett, C. Kristopher; Hauck, Cory D.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Computat & Appl Math Grp, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Hauck, Cory D.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Math, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RP Garrett, CK (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Computat & Appl Math Grp, POB 2008 MS6164, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM garrettck@ornl.gov FU Office of Advanced Scientific Computing Research at the U.S. Department of Energy; US Department of Energy [DE-AC05-00OR22725] FX This research was sponsored by the Office of Advanced Scientific Computing Research at the U.S. Department of Energy. The Oak Ridge National Laboratory is operated by UT-Battelle, LLC, for the US Department of Energy under Contract DE-AC05-00OR22725. NR 51 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 3 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0041-1450 EI 1532-2424 J9 TRANSPORT THEOR STAT JI Transport. Theor. Statist. Phys. PY 2013 VL 42 IS 6-7 BP 203 EP 235 DI 10.1080/00411450.2014.910226 PG 33 WC Mathematics, Applied; Physics, Mathematical SC Mathematics; Physics GA AM6CS UT WOS:000339949800001 ER PT J AU Cleveland, MA Palmer, TS AF Cleveland, Mathew A. Palmer, Todd S. TI Comparing Two Opacity Models in Monte Carlo Radiative Heat Transfer: Computational Efficiency and Parallel Load Balancing SO TRANSPORT THEORY AND STATISTICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE line-by-line; SLW; parallel load balancing; opacity models AB Thermal heating from radiative heat transfer can have a significant effect on combustion systems. A variety of models have been developed to represent the strongly varying opacities found in combustion gases (Goutiere et al., 2000). This work evaluates the computational efficiency and load balance issues associated with two opacity models implemented in a 3D parallel Monte Carlo solver: the spectral-line-based weighted sum of gray gases (SLW) (Denison and Webb, 1993) and the spectral line-by-line (LBL) (Wang and Modest, 2007) opacity models. The parallel performance of the opacity models is evaluated using the Su and Olson (1999) frequency-dependent semi-analytic benchmark problem. Weak scaling, strong scaling, and history scaling studies were performed and comparisons were made for each opacity model. Comparisons of load balance sensitivities to these types of scaling were also evaluated. It was found that the SLW model has some attributes that might be valuable in a select set of parallel problems. C1 [Cleveland, Mathew A.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Palmer, Todd S.] Oregon State Univ, Ctr Radiat, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Cleveland, MA (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, L-038,POB 808, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM mathew_cleveland@llnl.gov FU Department of Energy-National Energy Technology Laboratory [41817M4077] FX This work was supported by Department of Energy-National Energy Technology Laboratory Contract No. 41817M4077. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 4 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 CHESTNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0041-1450 EI 1532-2424 J9 TRANSPORT THEOR STAT JI Transport. Theor. Statist. Phys. PY 2013 VL 42 IS 6-7 BP 319 EP 343 DI 10.1080/00411450.2014.912058 PG 25 WC Mathematics, Applied; Physics, Mathematical SC Mathematics; Physics GA AM6CS UT WOS:000339949800004 ER PT J AU Fu, XP Martin, S Mills, S McCane, B AF Fu, Xiping Martin, Shawn Mills, Steven McCane, Brendan GP IEEE TI Improved Spectral Clustering using Adaptive Mahalanobis Distance SO 2013 SECOND IAPR ASIAN CONFERENCE ON PATTERN RECOGNITION (ACPR 2013) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 2nd IAPR Asian Conference on Pattern Recognition (ACPR) CY NOV 05-08, 2013 CL Naha, JAPAN SP Int Assoc Pattern Recognit, IEEE, IEEE Comp Soc, KDDI Fdn, Support Ctr Adv Telecommunicat Technol Res, Pattern Recognit & Media Understanding, IEICE ISS, Comp Vis & Image Media, IPSJ, IEEE Comp Soc Fukuoka Chapter DE spectral clustering; adaptive Mahalanobis distance; multiple manifolds clustering; motion segmentation AB In this paper, we consider the manifold clustering problem. In manifold clustering, data are sampled from multiple manifolds and the goal is to partition the data accordingly. Spectral clustering algorithms have been developed to solve this problem, but they tend to fail when the underlying manifolds are very close to each other and/or they intersect. We propose an improvement to spectral clustering algorithms using adaptive neighborhoods computed using Mahalanobis distance. We show the effectiveness of this approach on some artificial data. We further incorporate the modification into recent related algorithms and compare the results on datasets in motion segmentation, handwritten digit recognition, and object rotation. C1 [Fu, Xiping; Mills, Steven; McCane, Brendan] Univ Otago, Dept Comp Sci, Dunedin, New Zealand. [Martin, Shawn] Sandia Natl Labs, Software Syst Res, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Fu, XP (reprint author), Univ Otago, Dept Comp Sci, Dunedin, New Zealand. EM xiping@cs.otago.ac.nz; smartin@sandia.gov; steven@cs.otago.ac.nz; mccane@cs.otago.ac.nz FU United States Department of Energy [DE-AC04-94AL85000] FX Sandia is a multipurpose laboratory operated by Sandia Corporation, a Lockheed Martin Company, for the United States Department of Energy under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. Figures 1-5, 8 and the right image of Figure 7 are licensed by the authors under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License (CCBY-SA, http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/). If reusing these figures please make reference to this article. NR 14 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1264 USA BN 978-1-4799-2190-4 PY 2013 BP 171 EP 175 DI 10.1109/ACPR.2013.100 PG 5 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence SC Computer Science GA BA9KJ UT WOS:000339501000035 ER PT S AU Sarapukdee, P Rattanavarin, S Jarujareet, U Khemthongcharoen, N Jolivot, R Jung, IW Lopez, D Mandella, MJ Piyawattanametha, W AF Sarapukdee, Pongsak Rattanavarin, Santi Jarujareet, Ungkarn Khemthongcharoen, Numfon Jolivot, Romuald Jung, Il Woong Lopez, Daniel Mandella, Michael J. Piyawattanametha, Wibool BE Tearney, GJ Wang, TDS TI Handheld Multispectral Dual-Axis Confocal Microscope for Cervical Cancer Screening SO ENDOSCOPIC MICROSCOPY VIII SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Endoscopic Microscopy VIII CY FEB 03-04, 2013 CL San Francisco, CA SP SPIE DE 2-D MEMS scanner; cervical cancer; confocal microscope; medical diagnosis AB Our work demonstrates a MEMS based handheld dual-axis confocal microscope for cervical cancer screening. Imaging demonstration is performed with plant and animal tissue biopsies. The data is collected and displayed in real time with 2-5 Hz frame rates. C1 [Sarapukdee, Pongsak; Rattanavarin, Santi; Jarujareet, Ungkarn; Khemthongcharoen, Numfon; Jolivot, Romuald; Piyawattanametha, Wibool] Natl Elect & Comp Ctr, Pathum Thani, Thailand. [Piyawattanametha, Wibool] Chulalongkorn Univ, Fac Med, Adv Imaging Res Ctr, Bangkok, Thailand. [Jung, Il Woong; Lopez, Daniel] Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Nanoscale Mat, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Mandella, Michael J.] Ctr Biomed Engn & Sci, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. RP Sarapukdee, P (reprint author), Natl Elect & Comp Ctr, Pathum Thani, Thailand. FU National Research Council; Higher Education Research Promotion; National Research University Project; Office of the Higher Education Commission of Thailand [HR1162A, HR1166I]; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX The work is partially supported in part by grants from the National Research Council, the Higher Education Research Promotion & National Research University Project, the Office of the Higher Education Commission of Thailand (HR1162A and HR1166I), and NSTDA/NECTEC. This work was performed, in part, at the Center for Nanoscale Materials, a U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences User Facility under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-9344-6 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2013 VL 8575 AR UNSP 85750V DI 10.1117/12.2004224 PG 7 WC Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA BA9JR UT WOS:000339486500009 ER PT J AU Seidel, J Ramesh, R AF Seidel, Jan Ramesh, Ramamoorthy BE Ogale, SB Venkatesan, TV Blamire, MG TI Probing Nanoscale Electronic Conduction in Complex Oxides SO FUNCTIONAL METAL OXIDES: NEW SCIENCE AND NOVEL APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID METAL-INSULATOR-TRANSITION; FERROELECTRIC DOMAIN-WALLS; ROOM-TEMPERATURE; SINGLE-CRYSTALS; BIFEO3 FILMS; INTERFACE; PHYSICS; SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; HETEROSTRUCTURES; POLARIZATION C1 [Seidel, Jan] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Seidel, Jan; Ramesh, Ramamoorthy] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Seidel, Jan; Ramesh, Ramamoorthy] Univ New S Wales, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Sydney, NSW, Australia. [Ramesh, Ramamoorthy] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Seidel, J (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 93 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PAPPELALLEE 3, W-69469 WEINHEIM, GERMANY BN 978-3-527-33179-6 PY 2013 BP 247 EP 265 D2 10.1002/9783527654864 PG 19 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA BA5WQ UT WOS:000337045100009 ER PT S AU Norwood, RA Derose, CT Greenlee, C Yeniay, A AF Norwood, R. A. Derose, C. T. Greenlee, C. Yeniay, A. BE Ostroverkhova, O TI Organic waveguides, ultra-low loss demultiplexers and electro-optic (EO) polymer devices SO HANDBOOK OF ORGANIC MATERIALS FOR OPTICAL AND (OPTO)ELECTRONIC DEVICES: PROPERTIES AND APPLICATIONS SE Woodhead Publishing Series in Electronic and Optical Materials LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE optical polymers; electro-optic (EO) polymer; arrayed waveguide grating; perfluoropolymer; spatial light modulator; radio-frequency (RF) photonics ID NONLINEAR-OPTICAL CHROMOPHORES; ENHANCED THERMAL-STABILITY; LOW INSERTION LOSS; POLED-POLYMER; HIGHLY EFFICIENT; MODULATORS; SYSTEMS; DESIGN; FIBER; OPTIMIZATION AB The focus of this chapter is to introduce important background information on the physical properties of polymers and then to discuss the significant progress that has occurred in polymers for passive waveguide operations, such as high-performance filters for dense wavelength division multiplexing (DWDM) systems, and in both waveguide and free-space electro-optic (EO) polymer modulators, which have applications in both high-speed communications and radio-frequency (RF) photonics. C1 [Norwood, R. A.] Univ Arizona, Coll Opt Sci, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Derose, C. T.] Sandia Natl Labs, Appl Photon Microsyst, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Greenlee, C.] Lightwave Log Corp, Newark, DE 19711 USA. [Yeniay, A.] Photon X LLC, Malvern, PA 19355 USA. RP Norwood, RA (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Coll Opt Sci, 1630 E Univ Blvd, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. EM rnorwood@optics.arizona.edu; cderose@sandia.gov; chuck.g@lightwavelogic.com; ayeniay@photon-x.net NR 103 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU WOODHEAD PUBL LTD PI CAMBRIDGE PA ABINGTON HALL ABINGTON, CAMBRIDGE CB1 6AH, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 2050-1501 BN 978-0-85709-876-4; 978-0-85709-265-6 J9 WOODH PUB SER ELECT PY 2013 IS 39 BP 709 EP 785 D2 10.1533/9780857098764 PG 77 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics SC Engineering; Optics GA BA3TF UT WOS:000334790200026 ER PT J AU He, F Zhuang, J Rao, NSV Ma, CYT Yau, DKY AF He, Fei Zhuang, Jun Rao, Nageswara S. V. Ma, Chris Y. T. Yau, David K. Y. GP IEEE TI Game-Theoretic Resilience Analysis of Cyber-Physical Systems SO 2013 IEEE 1ST INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON CYBER-PHYSICAL SYSTEMS, NETWORKS, AND APPLICATIONS (CPSNA) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1st IEEE International Conference on Cyber-Physical Systems, Networks, and Applications (CPSNA) CY AUG 19-20, 2013 CL Taipei, TAIWAN SP IEEE AB We investigate the resilience of cyber physical systems by modeling the interaction between provider and attacker as a simultaneous game that incorporates cyber and physical spaces. Both the provider and attacker aim to maximize their individual utility, which is determined by a trade-off between target revenue and investment cost. The system resilience function is formulated as a power-form product of the survival probabilities of cyber and physical spaces, each with a corresponding correlation coefficient. The contest success functions based on the reinforcement and attack levels are used to estimate the survival probabilities of cyber and physical spaces. We present the provider strategies based on the Nash equilibrium of the game, and analyze the sensitivities with respect to cyber and physical correlation coefficients, target revenues and costs. The results show that these correlation coefficients affect the cyber and physical reinforcement strategies, and also provide new insights into the system resilience. C1 [He, Fei; Zhuang, Jun] SUNY Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. [Rao, Nageswara S. V.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. [Ma, Chris Y. T.] Adv Digital Sci Ctr, Singapore, Singapore. [Yau, David K. Y.] Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP He, F (reprint author), SUNY Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. RI Zhuang, Jun/E-8081-2010; OI Zhuang, Jun/0000-0003-4830-6570; Rao, Nageswara/0000-0002-3408-5941 FU Mathematics of Complex, Distributed, Interconnected Systems Program, Office of Advanced Computing Research, U.S. Department of Energy; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC05-00OR22725]; United States Department of Homeland Security through the National Center for Risk and Economic Analysis of Terrorism Events (CREATE) [2010-ST-061-RE0001] FX This work is funded by the Mathematics of Complex, Distributed, Interconnected Systems Program, Office of Advanced Computing Research, U.S. Department of Energy, and is performed in part at Oak Ridge National Laboratory managed by UT-Battelle, LLC for U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC05-00OR22725. This research is also partially supported by the United States Department of Homeland Security through the National Center for Risk and Economic Analysis of Terrorism Events (CREATE) under award number 2010-ST-061-RE0001. NR 8 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4799-0798-4 PY 2013 BP 90 EP 95 PG 6 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BA9BN UT WOS:000339121000016 ER PT S AU Zaslavsky, A Wan, J Le, ST Jannaty, P Cristoloveanu, S Le Royer, C Perea, DE Dayeh, SA Picraux, ST AF Zaslavsky, A. Wan, Jing Le, Son T. Jannaty, P. Cristoloveanu, S. Le Royer, C. Perea, D. E. Dayeh, S. A. Picraux, S. T. BE Omura, Y Nguyen, BY Martino, JA Raskin, JP Gamiz, F Ishii, H Selberherr, S TI Sharp-Switching High-Current Tunneling Devices SO ADVANCED SEMICONDUCTOR-ON-INSULATOR TECHNOLOGY AND RELATED PHYSICS 16 SE ECS Transactions LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 16th International Symposium on Semiconductor-on-Insulator Technology and Related Physics was part of the 223rd Meeting of the Electrochemical-Society CY MAY 12-16, 2013 CL Toronto, CA SP Electrochem Soc, Dielectr & Semicond Mat, Devices, & Proc Div, Elect & Photon Div ID FIELD-EFFECT TRANSISTORS; NANOWIRES; LOGIC; FETS; SOI AB Tunneling FETs (TFETs) offer the possibility of overcoming the 60 mV/dec subthreshold slope limit of conventional transistors and thereby providing sharp-switching logic devices. We discuss two approaches to increasing the current drive of tunneling devices, both implemented in the silicon-germanium heterostructure system. First, the bipolar-enhanced TFET (BET-FET) multiplies the gate-controlled interband tunneling current by the Si/Ge heterojunction bipolar current gain. Both vertical and planar versions have been simulated, with high I-ON > 1000 A/m accompanying low subthreshold swing over many decades of current. Second, the trigate Si/Ge heteronanowire TFET is based on shifting the tunneling junction from Ge in the on-state to Si in the off-state. Fabricated with a vapor-liquid-solid epitaxial Si/Ge heteronanowire channel and high-kappa dielectric trigate stack, the proof-of-concept prototype device exhibits reasonable I-ON, sub-60 mV/dec slope, as well as surprising backgating properties. C1 [Zaslavsky, A.; Le, Son T.; Jannaty, P.] Brown Univ, Sch Engn, Providence, RI 02912 USA. [Wan, Jing; Cristoloveanu, S.] INPG Minatec, IMEP, F-38016 Grenoble, France. [Le Royer, C.] LETI CEA, Grenoble, France. [Perea, D. E.; Dayeh, S. A.; Picraux, S. T.] CINT, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. RP Zaslavsky, A (reprint author), Brown Univ, Sch Engn, Providence, RI 02912 USA. RI Perea, Daniel/A-5345-2010 FU NSF [ECCS-1068895, DMR-1203186]; DMR-1203186). The work at Minatec was funded by the RTRA program of the Grenoble Nanosciences Foundation; European STEEPER project [FP7/2007-2013, 257267]; U.S. Department of Energy; Los Alamos National Laboratory [DEAC5206-NA25396]; Sandia National Laboratories [DE-AC04 94AL85000]; LANL LDRD program; Department of Energy's Office of Biological and Environmental Research and located at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory FX The work at Brown was supported by the NSF (awards ECCS-1068895 and DMR-1203186). The work at Minatec was funded by the RTRA program of the Grenoble Nanosciences Foundation and by the European STEEPER project (FP7/2007-2013, grant agreement no. 257267). Heteronanowire epitaxy was performed at the Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, a U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences user facility at Los Alamos National Laboratory (contract DEAC5206-NA25396) and Sandia National Laboratories (contract DE-AC04 94AL85000), and supported in part by the LANL LDRD program. A portion of the research was performed using EMSL, a national scientific user facility sponsored by the Department of Energy's Office of Biological and Environmental Research and located at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory. NR 28 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 4 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 S MAIN ST, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534-2839 USA SN 1938-5862 BN 978-1-60768-378-0; 978-1-62332-027-0 J9 ECS TRANSACTIONS PY 2013 VL 53 IS 5 BP 63 EP 74 DI 10.1149/05305.0063ecst PG 12 WC Electrochemistry; Physics, Applied SC Electrochemistry; Physics GA BA8VP UT WOS:000338842200006 ER PT J AU Singh, SS Williams, JJ Xiao, X De Carlo, F Chawla, N AF Singh, Sudhanshu S. Williams, Jason J. Xiao, X. De Carlo, F. Chawla, N. BE Srivatsan, TS Imam, MA Srinivasan, R TI IN SITU THREE DIMENTIONAL (3D) X-RAY SYNCHROTRON TOMOGRAPHY OF CORROSION FATIGUE IN A17075 ALLOY SO FATIGUE OF MATERIALS II: ADVANCES AND EMERGENCES IN UNDERSTANDING LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Symposium on Fatigue of Materials - Advanced and Emergences in Understanding held during the Materials Science and Technology (MS and T) Meeting CY OCT 07-11, 2012 CL Pittsburgh, PA SP Minerals, Met & Mat Soc, Mech Behav Mat Comm, ASM Int DE A17075; X-ray tomography; EXCO; fatigue crack growth; bubbles; corrosion products ID ALUMINUM-ALLOY AB X-ray synchrotron tomography was used to investigate the fatigue corrosion behavior of A17075-T651 alloys in a corrosive solution. Single edge-notch specimens machined along the L-T orientation were used for corrosion-fatigue testing, under a load ratio of R = 0.1. The evolution of reaction between the corrosive fluid and the metal was observed, as well as the formation of hydrogen bubbles. The shape of these bubble also changed significantly during the fatigue cycle. The fatigue crack growth rate was found to be significantly higher in the corrosive solution, compared to crack growth in air, for stress intensity levels between 5 and 10 MPa root m. C1 [Singh, Sudhanshu S.; Williams, Jason J.; Chawla, N.] Arizona State Univ, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. [Xiao, X.; De Carlo, F.] Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Singh, SS (reprint author), Arizona State Univ, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. FU Naval Air Warfare Command through Technical Data and Analysis [N00421-10-P-0818]; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX The authors are grateful for financial support from the Naval Air Warfare Command through a subcontract through Technical Data and Analysis, under contract number N00421-10-P-0818 (N. lyyer, TDA, and M. Kittur, NAVAIR, program managers). Use of the Advanced Photon Source was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX PO 19 8SQ, ENGLAND BN 978-1-11852-093-2 PY 2013 BP 17 EP 25 PG 9 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Materials Science GA BA9BJ UT WOS:000339099500002 ER PT S AU Ghezel-Ayagh, H Jolly, S Patel, D Hunt, J Steen, WA Richardson, CF Marina, OA AF Ghezel-Ayagh, Hossein Jolly, Stephen Patel, Dilip Hunt, Jennifer Steen, William A. Richardson, Carl F. Marina, Olga A. BE Williams, MC TI A Novel System for Carbon Dioxide Capture Utilizing Electrochemical Membrane Technology SO FUEL CELL SEMINAR 2012 SE ECS Transactions LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Fuel Cell Seminar and Exposition CY NOV 05-08, 2012 CL Uncasville, CT AB FuelCell Energy, Inc. (FCE), in collaboration with Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) and URS Corporation, is developing a novel Combined Electric Power and Carbon-Dioxide Separation (CEPACS) system, under a contract from the U.S. Department of Energy (DE-FE0007634), to efficiently and cost effectively separate carbon dioxide from the emissions of existing coal fired power plants. The CEPACS system is based on FCE's electrochemical membrane (ECM) technology utilizing the Company's internal reforming carbonate fuel cell products carrying the trade name of Direct FuelCell (DFC). The unique chemistry of carbonate fuel cells offers an innovative approach for separation of CO2 from existing fossil-fuel power plant exhaust streams (flue gases). The ECM-based CEPACS system has the potential to become a transformational CO2-separation technology by working as two devices in one: it separates the CO2 from the exhaust of other plants such as an existing coal-fired plant and simultaneously produces clean and environmentally benign (green) electric power at high efficiency using a supplementary fuel. The overall objective of this project is to successfully demonstrate the ability of FCE's electrochemical membrane-based CEPACS system technology to separate 90% of the CO2 from a simulated Pulverized Coal (PC) power plant flue-gas stream and to compress the captured CO2 to a state that can be easily transported for sequestration or beneficial use. Also, a key project objective is to show, through a Technical and Economic Feasibility Study and bench scale testing (11.7 m2 area ECM), that the electrochemical membrane-based CEPACS system is an economical alternative for CO2 capture in PC power plants, and that it meets DOE objectives for the incremental cost of electricity (COE) for post-combustion CO2 capture. C1 [Ghezel-Ayagh, Hossein; Jolly, Stephen; Patel, Dilip; Hunt, Jennifer] FuelCell Energy Inc, 3 Great Pasture Rd, Danbury, CT 06813 USA. [Steen, William A.; Richardson, Carl F.] URS Corp, Austin, TX 78729 USA. [Marina, Olga A.] Pacific NorthWest Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Ghezel-Ayagh, H (reprint author), FuelCell Energy Inc, 3 Great Pasture Rd, Danbury, CT 06813 USA. NR 6 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 S MAIN ST, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534-2839 USA SN 1938-5862 BN 978-1-60768-409-1 J9 ECS TRANSACTIONS PY 2013 VL 51 IS 1 BP 265 EP 272 DI 10.1149/05101.0265ecst PG 8 WC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels SC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels GA BA8WM UT WOS:000338922800027 ER PT S AU Polat, BD Sezgin, N Keles, O Kazmanli, K Abouimbrane, A Amine, K AF Polat, B. D. Sezgin, N. Keles, O. Kazmanli, K. Abouimbrane, A. Amine, K. BE Smart, MC Inaba, M Fenton, J Henderson, W Ue, M Doughty, DH Jow, TR Ishikawa, M Bugga, RV Tatsumi, K Lucht, B Trulove, PC TI Cu-Sn Thin Film as Anode for Thin Film Rechargeable Lithium Ion Batteries SO LITHIUM-ION BATTERIES -AND- NON-AQUEOUS ELECTROLYTES FOR LITHIUM BATTERIES - PRIME 2012 SE ECS Transactions LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposia on Lithium-Ion Batteries and Non-Aqueous Electrolytes for Lithium Batteries CY OCT 07-12, 2012 CL Honolulu, HI SP Electrochem Soc, Electrochem Soc Japan, Japan Soc Appl Phys, Korean Electrochem Soc, Royal Australian Chem Inst, Electrochemistry Div, Chinese Soc Electrochemistry, Battery Div, Energy Technol Div, Phys & Analyt Electrochemistry Div ID SILICON AB We investigated the anode performance of Cu-Sn flat thin film. The results show that the presence of copper improves the cycleability of the thin film since the mechanical tolerance of the thin film against the stress generated during the high volumetric changes in lithiation/delithiation processes is increased. However, some improvement in the microstructure of the thin film is still required to minimize the quantity or the sizes of Sn particles in thin film and facilitate lithium movements in thin film structure. C1 [Polat, B. D.; Sezgin, N.; Keles, O.; Kazmanli, K.] Istanbul Tech Univ, Dept Met & Mat Engn, TR-34469 Istanbul, Turkey. [Abouimbrane, A.; Amine, K.] Argonne Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Engn Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Polat, BD (reprint author), Istanbul Tech Univ, Dept Met & Mat Engn, TR-34469 Istanbul, Turkey. EM ozgulkeles@itu.edu.tr; amine@anl.gov RI Kazmanli, Kursat/O-2062-2013 FU Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK) [110M148] FX This work is a part of the research project 110M148 approved by The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK). The research grant is gratefully acknowledged. NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 S MAIN ST, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534-2839 USA SN 1938-5862 BN 978-1-60768-414-5 J9 ECS TRANSACTIONS PY 2013 VL 50 IS 26 BP 107 EP 115 DI 10.1149/05026.0107ecst PG 9 WC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels SC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels GA BA8VT UT WOS:000338893200009 ER PT S AU Polat, BD Sezgin, N Keles, O Kazmanli, K Abouimbrane, A Amine, K AF Polat, B. D. Sezgin, N. Keles, O. Kazmanli, K. Abouimbrane, A. Amine, K. BE Smart, MC Inaba, M Fenton, J Henderson, W Ue, M Doughty, DH Jow, TR Ishikawa, M Bugga, RV Tatsumi, K Lucht, B Trulove, PC TI Cu-Sn Thin Film Production on Copper Substrate SO LITHIUM-ION BATTERIES -AND- NON-AQUEOUS ELECTROLYTES FOR LITHIUM BATTERIES - PRIME 2012 SE ECS Transactions LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposia on Lithium-Ion Batteries and Non-Aqueous Electrolytes for Lithium Batteries CY OCT 07-12, 2012 CL Honolulu, HI SP Electrochem Soc, Electrochem Soc Japan, Japan Soc Appl Phys, Korean Electrochem Soc, Royal Australian Chem Inst, Electrochemistry Div, Chinese Soc Electrochemistry, Battery Div, Energy Technol Div, Phys & Analyt Electrochemistry Div ID LITHIUM-ION BATTERIES; ANODE MATERIAL; NANOWIRES; SILICON; PERFORMANCE; ELECTRODES AB We investigated the anode performance of Cu-Sn thin film for lithium ion batteries. The results show that the presence of copper improves the cycleability of the thin film since the mechanical tolerance of the thin film against the stress generated during the high volumetric changes in lithiation/delithiation processes is increased. However, some improvement in the microstructure of the thin film is still required to facilitate lithium movements in thin film structure and increase the cycle life of the electrode. C1 [Polat, B. D.; Sezgin, N.; Keles, O.; Kazmanli, K.] Istanbul Tech Univ, Dept Met & Mat Engn, TR-34469 Istanbul, Turkey. [Abouimbrane, A.; Amine, K.] Argonne Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Engn Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Polat, BD (reprint author), Istanbul Tech Univ, Dept Met & Mat Engn, TR-34469 Istanbul, Turkey. EM ozgulkeles@itu.edu.tr; amine@anl.gov RI Kazmanli, Kursat/O-2062-2013 FU Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK) [110M148] FX This work is a part of the research project 110M148 approved by The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK). The research grant is gratefully acknowledged. NR 25 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 S MAIN ST, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534-2839 USA SN 1938-5862 BN 978-1-60768-414-5 J9 ECS TRANSACTIONS PY 2013 VL 50 IS 26 BP 279 EP 292 DI 10.1149/05026.0279ecst PG 14 WC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels SC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels GA BA8VT UT WOS:000338893200024 ER PT S AU Liang, G Croft, MC Zhong, Z AF Liang, Gan Croft, Mark C. Zhong, Z. BE Smart, MC Inaba, M Fenton, J Henderson, W Ue, M Doughty, DH Jow, TR Ishikawa, M Bugga, RV Tatsumi, K Lucht, B Trulove, PC TI In-situ Energy Dispersive X-ray Diffraction Study of Prototype LiMn2O4- and LiFePO4-based Coin Cell Batteries SO LITHIUM-ION BATTERIES -AND- NON-AQUEOUS ELECTROLYTES FOR LITHIUM BATTERIES - PRIME 2012 SE ECS Transactions LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposia on Lithium-Ion Batteries and Non-Aqueous Electrolytes for Lithium Batteries CY OCT 07-12, 2012 CL Honolulu, HI SP Electrochem Soc, Electrochem Soc Japan, Japan Soc Appl Phys, Korean Electrochem Soc, Royal Australian Chem Inst, Electrochemistry Div, Chinese Soc Electrochemistry, Battery Div, Energy Technol Div, Phys & Analyt Electrochemistry Div AB This in-situ study demonstrates the feasibility of using energy dispersive x-ray diffraction (EDXRD) to characterize the internal structure and chemical composition of coin cell type Li-ion batteries. CR2032 coin cell batteries containing Li1-3xCrxFePO4 (with x = 0.015) or LixMn1.42Ni0.42Co0.16O4 cathode were studied by EDXRD measurement. EDXRD patterns with 50 to 70 scans were made between top and bottom of charged or discharged coin cells of about 3.2 mm thickness. The seven different layers of materials contained in the Li1-3xCrxFePO4 coin cell can be clearly identified from the measured 50 in-situ EXRD patterns. For the LixMn1.42Ni0.42Co0.16O4 cell, the Bragg lines shift to higher energy in the charged cathode consistent with a lattice contraction with decreased Li content. The charged spectrum Bragg lines are broadened due to two phase behavior. The detailed electrochemical phases of the cathode materials and other layers of materials in this prototype LiMn2O4-based coin cell have been profiled, using EDXRD, as a function of state of charge and as a function of z-position in the interior of the cell. Our results demonstrate that in-situ EDXRD characterization of the crystal structures and phase distribution of coin cell batteries in space and time is feasible under different charge/discharge conditions. C1 [Liang, Gan] Sam Houston State Univ, Dept Phys, Huntsville, TX 77341 USA. [Croft, Mark C.] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. [Croft, Mark C.; Zhong, Z.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Synchrotron Light Source, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Liang, G (reprint author), Sam Houston State Univ, Dept Phys, Huntsville, TX 77341 USA. FU National Science Foundation [CHE-0718482]; Research Corporation for Science Advancement; Faculty Research Grant (FRG); Enhancement Research Grant (ERG) from Sam Houston State University; US Department of Energy [DE-AC02-76CH00016] FX This work was supported by the National Science Foundation under Grants No. CHE-0718482, an award from Research Corporation for Science Advancement, and a Faculty Research Grant (FRG) and a Enhancement Research Grant (ERG) from Sam Houston State University. Utilization of the NSLS was supported by US Department of Energy contract DE-AC02-76CH00016. The authors thank Dr. Jun Liu at the University of Texas at Austin for providing the coin cell battery samples for this study. NR 11 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 5 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 S MAIN ST, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534-2839 USA SN 1938-5862 BN 978-1-60768-414-5 J9 ECS TRANSACTIONS PY 2013 VL 50 IS 26 BP 293 EP 304 DI 10.1149/05026.0293ecst PG 12 WC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels SC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels GA BA8VT UT WOS:000338893200025 ER PT S AU Smart, MC Hwang, C Krause, FC Soler, J West, WC Ratnakumar, BV Amine, K AF Smart, M. C. Hwang, C. Krause, F. C. Soler, J. West, W. C. Ratnakumar, B. V. Amine, K. BE Smart, MC Inaba, M Fenton, J Henderson, W Ue, M Doughty, DH Jow, TR Ishikawa, M Bugga, RV Tatsumi, K Lucht, B Trulove, PC TI Wide Operating Temperature Range Electrolytes for High Voltage and High Specific Energy Li-ion Cells SO LITHIUM-ION BATTERIES -AND- NON-AQUEOUS ELECTROLYTES FOR LITHIUM BATTERIES - PRIME 2012 SE ECS Transactions LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposia on Lithium-Ion Batteries and Non-Aqueous Electrolytes for Lithium Batteries CY OCT 07-12, 2012 CL Honolulu, HI SP Electrochem Soc, Electrochem Soc Japan, Japan Soc Appl Phys, Korean Electrochem Soc, Royal Australian Chem Inst, Electrochemistry Div, Chinese Soc Electrochemistry, Battery Div, Energy Technol Div, Phys & Analyt Electrochemistry Div ID CATHODE MATERIALS; BATTERIES; PERFORMANCE; ELECTRODES; ADDITIVES AB A number of electrolyte formulations that have been designed to operate over a wide temperature range have been investigated in conjunction with layered-layered metal oxide cathode materials developed at Argonne. In this study, we have evaluated a number of electrolytes in Li-ion cells consisting of Conoco Phillips A12 graphite anodes and Toda HE5050 Li1.2Ni0.15Co0.10Mn0.55O2 cathodes. The electrolytes studied consisted of LiPF6 in carbonate-based electrolytes that contain ester co-solvents with various solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) promoting additives, many of which have been demonstrated to perform well in 4V systems. More specifically, we have investigated the performance of a number of methyl butyrate (MB) containing electrolytes (i.e., LiPF6 in ethylene carbonate (EC) + ethyl methyl carbonate (EMC) + MB (20:20:60 v/v %) that contain various additives, including vinylene carbonate, lithium oxalate, and lithium bis(oxalato) borate (LiBOB). When these systems were evaluated at various rates at low temperatures, the methyl butyrate-based electrolytes resulted in improved rate capability compared to cells with all carbonate-based formulations. It was also ascertained that the slow cathode kinetics govern the generally poor rate capability at low temperature in contrast to traditionally used LiNi0.80Co0.15Al0.05O2-based systems, rather than being influenced strongly by the electrolyte type. C1 [Smart, M. C.; Hwang, C.; Krause, F. C.; Soler, J.; West, W. C.; Ratnakumar, B. V.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [Amine, K.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Smart, MC (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. FU Assistant Secretary for Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy; Office of Vehicle Technologies of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; Batteries for Advanced Transportation Technologies (BATT) Program [6879235] FX The work described here was carried out at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and under sponsorship by the Assistant Secretary for Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Office of Vehicle Technologies of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231, Subcontract No 6879235 under the Batteries for Advanced Transportation Technologies (BATT) Program. NR 12 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 14 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 S MAIN ST, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534-2839 USA SN 1938-5862 BN 978-1-60768-414-5 J9 ECS TRANSACTIONS PY 2013 VL 50 IS 26 BP 355 EP 364 DI 10.1149/05026.0355ecst PG 10 WC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels SC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels GA BA8VT UT WOS:000338893200031 ER PT B AU Maruta, H Messerli, SM Jha, RK AF Maruta, Hiroshi Messerli, Shanta M. Jha, Ramesh K. BE Maruta, H TI Natural or Synthetic Therapeutics That Block PAKs SO PAKS, RAC/CDC42 (P21)-ACTIVATED KINASES: TOWARDS THE CURE OF CANCER AND OTHER PAK-DEPENDENT DISEASES SE Elsevier Insights LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID ACTIVATED PROTEIN-KINASE; HISTONE DEACETYLASE INHIBITOR; BREAST-CANCER CELLS; SKELETAL-MUSCLE CELLS; SRC FAMILY KINASES; P21-ACTIVATED KINASE; SIGNALING PATHWAY; CAFFEIC ACID; IN-VITRO; DOWN-REGULATION C1 [Maruta, Hiroshi] NF TSC Cure Org, Melbourne, Vic, Australia. [Messerli, Shanta M.] Marine Biol Lab, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA. [Jha, Ramesh K.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Los Alamos, NM USA. RP Maruta, H (reprint author), NF TSC Cure Org, Melbourne, Vic, Australia. NR 102 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS BN 978-0-12-407210-7; 978-0-12-407198-8 J9 ELSEV INSIGHT PY 2013 BP 53 EP 76 DI 10.1016/B978-0-12-407198-8.00003-5 PG 24 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA BA4GB UT WOS:000335640300003 ER PT S AU Gregoire, JM Xiang, C Mitrovic, S Liu, X Marcin, M Cornell, EW Fan, J Jin, J AF Gregoire, J. M. Xiang, C. Mitrovic, S. Liu, X. Marcin, M. Cornell, E. W. Fan, J. Jin, Jian BE Wu, N Dinh, H Lee, JJ Subramanian, R Zou, Z Chiu, W Domen, K Manivannan, A Wang, H Chu, D Kulesza, PJ Narayan, SR Zhou, XD TI Combined Catalysis and Optical Screening for High Throughput Discovery of Solar Fuels Catalysts SO RENEWABLE FUELS FROM SUNLIGHT AND ELECTRICITY SE ECS Transactions LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Renewable Fuels from Sunlight and Elect held during the PRiME Joint Int Meeting of the Electrochemical-Soc and the Electrochemical-Soc-of-Japan CY OCT 07-12, 2012 CL Honolulu, HI SP Electrochem Soc, Electrochem Soc Japan, Japan Soc Appl Phys, Korean Electrochem Soc, Royal Australian Chem Inst, Electrochemistry Div, Chinese Soc Electrochemistry, Energy Technol Div, High Temp Mat Div, Phys & Analyt Electrochemistry Div, New Technol Subcommittee Div ID WATER OXIDATION; MOLECULAR CATALYSTS; HYDROGEN-PRODUCTION; METAL-OXIDES AB Considerable research and development efforts are being devoted to the efficient generation of solar fuels. A solar fuels device couples a solar photoabsorber with catalysts to convert solar energy to chemical energy via reactions such as oxygen evolution (water splitting). Widespread deployment of this technology hinges upon discovery of new materials through efforts such as the high throughput screening of oxygen evolution catalysts, as discussed in this manuscript. We derive an expression for the efficiency of the oxygen evolution catalyst that combines catalytic and optical properties. Using this hybrid efficiency, we screen 5456 samples in a (Fe-Co-Ni-Ti)O-x pseudo-quaternary catalyst library using automated, high throughput electrochemistry and optical experiments. The observed compositional trends in this catalyst efficiency lead to the discovery of a new high performance composition region. C1 [Gregoire, J. M.; Xiang, C.; Liu, X.; Marcin, M.; Jin, Jian] CALTECH, Joint Ctr Artificial Photosynth, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Cornell, E. W.; Jin, Jian] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Fan, J.] Zhejiang Univ, Dept Chem, Hangzhou 310027, Peoples R China. RP Gregoire, JM (reprint author), CALTECH, Joint Ctr Artificial Photosynth, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. RI Mitrovic, Slobodan/E-7847-2010 OI Mitrovic, Slobodan/0000-0001-8913-8505 NR 18 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 7 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 S MAIN ST, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534-2839 USA SN 1938-5862 BN 978-1-60768-437-4 J9 ECS TRANSACTIONS PY 2013 VL 50 IS 49 BP 9 EP 20 DI 10.1149/05049.0009ecst PG 12 WC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Physics, Applied SC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Physics GA BA8VU UT WOS:000338897800002 ER PT S AU Miller, EL Dillich, S Sutherland, E Studer, SV AF Miller, Eric L. Dillich, Sara Sutherland, Erika Studer, Sarah V. BE Wu, N Dinh, H Lee, JJ Subramanian, R Zou, Z Chiu, W Domen, K Manivannan, A Wang, H Chu, D Kulesza, PJ Narayan, SR Zhou, XD TI Critical Assessment of Research and Development Needs in Solar to Hydrogen Production Technologies SO RENEWABLE FUELS FROM SUNLIGHT AND ELECTRICITY SE ECS Transactions LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Renewable Fuels from Sunlight and Elect held during the PRiME Joint Int Meeting of the Electrochemical-Soc and the Electrochemical-Soc-of-Japan CY OCT 07-12, 2012 CL Honolulu, HI SP Electrochem Soc, Electrochem Soc Japan, Japan Soc Appl Phys, Korean Electrochem Soc, Royal Australian Chem Inst, Electrochemistry Div, Chinese Soc Electrochemistry, Energy Technol Div, High Temp Mat Div, Phys & Analyt Electrochemistry Div, New Technol Subcommittee Div AB The U. S. Department of Energy's Fuel Cell Technologies Program (FCT) has made significant progress in fuel cell technology advancement and cost reduction, highlighted by reducing the cost of automotive fuel cells by more than 80% since 2002. Research and development of enabling technologies for the widespread production of affordable renewable hydrogen remains a challenge. In response, FCT worked with the federal Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Technical Advisory Committee to assemble an Expert Panel on Hydrogen Production, comprised of leading experts from industry, academia and national laboratories, to evaluate the current status and future prospects for viable hydrogen production technologies. Key emphases were on current reforming and electrolytic processes in near-term hydrogen markets and the need to transition to industrial-scale renewable hydrogen production for the longer term. Central to the long term vision are the solar-to-hydrogen conversion technologies, including the photoelectrochemical, biological, thermochemical and integrated solar-electrolysis routes. C1 [Miller, Eric L.; Dillich, Sara; Sutherland, Erika; Studer, Sarah V.] US DOE, Off Energy Efficiency & Renewable Energy, Fuel Cell Technol Program, Washington, DC 20585 USA. RP Miller, EL (reprint author), US DOE, Off Energy Efficiency & Renewable Energy, Fuel Cell Technol Program, 1000 Independence Ave SW EE-2H, Washington, DC 20585 USA. NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 S MAIN ST, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534-2839 USA SN 1938-5862 BN 978-1-60768-437-4 J9 ECS TRANSACTIONS PY 2013 VL 50 IS 49 BP 23 EP 32 DI 10.1149/05049.0023ecst PG 10 WC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Physics, Applied SC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Physics GA BA8VU UT WOS:000338897800003 ER PT S AU Ayers, KE Anderson, EB Dreier, KT Harrison, KW AF Ayers, K. E. Anderson, E. B. Dreier, K. T. Harrison, K. W. BE Wu, N Dinh, H Lee, JJ Subramanian, R Zou, Z Chiu, W Domen, K Manivannan, A Wang, H Chu, D Kulesza, PJ Narayan, SR Zhou, XD TI Fueling Vehicles with Sun and Water SO RENEWABLE FUELS FROM SUNLIGHT AND ELECTRICITY SE ECS Transactions LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Renewable Fuels from Sunlight and Elect held during the PRiME Joint Int Meeting of the Electrochemical-Soc and the Electrochemical-Soc-of-Japan CY OCT 07-12, 2012 CL Honolulu, HI SP Electrochem Soc, Electrochem Soc Japan, Japan Soc Appl Phys, Korean Electrochem Soc, Royal Australian Chem Inst, Electrochemistry Div, Chinese Soc Electrochemistry, Energy Technol Div, High Temp Mat Div, Phys & Analyt Electrochemistry Div, New Technol Subcommittee Div AB As the world transitions away from fossil fuel based energy sources and towards renewable sources of energy in order to mitigate the global energy and environmental crisis, a major part of the energy solution lies in transitioning away from fossil fuels as transportation fuels. Scalable energy storage systems for peak capture, load leveling, and load shifting are also becoming critically important. As discussed in this talk, generation of chemical fuels from renewable power input such as wind or solar is an attractive option vs. other energy storage technologies. Specifically, the case for hydrogen via electrolysis as deployed by Proton OnSite, and application to fueling and energy storage, will be presented. C1 [Ayers, K. E.; Anderson, E. B.; Dreier, K. T.] Proton OnSite, Wallingford, CT 06492 USA. [Harrison, K. W.] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO USA. RP Ayers, KE (reprint author), Proton OnSite, Wallingford, CT 06492 USA. OI Ayers, Katherine/0000-0003-3246-1744 NR 5 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 6 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 S MAIN ST, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534-2839 USA SN 1938-5862 BN 978-1-60768-437-4 J9 ECS TRANSACTIONS PY 2013 VL 50 IS 49 BP 35 EP 46 DI 10.1149/05049.0035ecst PG 12 WC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Physics, Applied SC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Physics GA BA8VU UT WOS:000338897800004 ER PT S AU Ghirardi, ML AF Ghirardi, M. L. BE Wu, N Dinh, H Lee, JJ Subramanian, R Zou, Z Chiu, W Domen, K Manivannan, A Wang, H Chu, D Kulesza, PJ Narayan, SR Zhou, XD TI Photobiological H-2 Production: Theoretical Maximum Light Conversion Efficiency and Strategies to Achieve It SO RENEWABLE FUELS FROM SUNLIGHT AND ELECTRICITY SE ECS Transactions LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Renewable Fuels from Sunlight and Elect held during the PRiME Joint Int Meeting of the Electrochemical-Soc and the Electrochemical-Soc-of-Japan CY OCT 07-12, 2012 CL Honolulu, HI SP Electrochem Soc, Electrochem Soc Japan, Japan Soc Appl Phys, Korean Electrochem Soc, Royal Australian Chem Inst, Electrochemistry Div, Chinese Soc Electrochemistry, Energy Technol Div, High Temp Mat Div, Phys & Analyt Electrochemistry Div, New Technol Subcommittee Div ID CHLAMYDOMONAS-REINHARDTII; HYDROGEN AB Photobiological H-2 production depends on charge separation by reaction centers coupled to Chlorophyll a, Chlorophyll b and carotenoid light-absorbing antennae, with well-defined spectral and redox characteristics. The initial charge-separated state in the reaction centers is stabilized by electron transfer to carriers within two protein complexes, Photosystem I and Photosystem II that act in series. Two photons are required to transfer each electron from the PSII electron donor, water, to the final PSI electron acceptor, ferredoxin. Unlike most tandem photoelectrochemical designs, biological photosystems are coupled to water oxidizing and H-2-producing enzymes and these reactions occur within the same cell compartment, the chloroplast. The above-described physical parameters set the theoretical maximum solar-conversion efficiency of biological systems to 12-13%. However, due to a large number of structural and regulatory processes in vivo, the actual conversion efficiency of biological systems to H-2 is of the order of 1%. This paper addresses these limitations. C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Ghirardi, ML (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, 15013 Denver West Pkwy, Golden, CO 80401 USA. NR 13 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 S MAIN ST, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534-2839 USA SN 1938-5862 BN 978-1-60768-437-4 J9 ECS TRANSACTIONS PY 2013 VL 50 IS 49 BP 47 EP 50 DI 10.1149/05049.0047ecst PG 4 WC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Physics, Applied SC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Physics GA BA8VU UT WOS:000338897800005 ER PT S AU Guo, H Kang, BS Manivannan, A AF Guo, H. Kang, B. S. Manivannan, A. BE Wu, N Dinh, H Lee, JJ Subramanian, R Zou, Z Chiu, W Domen, K Manivannan, A Wang, H Chu, D Kulesza, PJ Narayan, SR Zhou, XD TI Carbon dioxide Decomposition and Oxygen Generation via SOEC SO RENEWABLE FUELS FROM SUNLIGHT AND ELECTRICITY SE ECS Transactions LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Renewable Fuels from Sunlight and Elect held during the PRiME Joint Int Meeting of the Electrochemical-Soc and the Electrochemical-Soc-of-Japan CY OCT 07-12, 2012 CL Honolulu, HI SP Electrochem Soc, Electrochem Soc Japan, Japan Soc Appl Phys, Korean Electrochem Soc, Royal Australian Chem Inst, Electrochemistry Div, Chinese Soc Electrochemistry, Energy Technol Div, High Temp Mat Div, Phys & Analyt Electrochemistry Div, New Technol Subcommittee Div ID CONCENTRATED SOLAR-ENERGY; HYDROGEN-PRODUCTION; POWER-PLANTS; CO2; CYCLES; REDUCTION; CAPTURE; H2O AB Oxygen-Deficient Ferrite (ODF) or nickelate-based materials are mixed with YSZ powder via Mechano-Chemical Bonding (MCB) process. The Solid Oxide Electrolyzer Cell (SOEC) with ODF/YSZ or nickelate/YSZ electrodes and YSZ electrolyte is utilized to decompose carbon dioxide (CO2) into solid carbon (C) or carbon monoxide (CO) and generate oxygen (O-2) in a continuous process. The cells are tested in a NexTech Probostate (TM) apparatus combined with EIS/potentiostate and gas chromatography (GC). In our preliminary tests, CO or solid carbon at cathode side and O-2 at anode side were detected, when CO2 was fed to the cathode side and a small potential bias applied across the electrode. Depending on the applied potential, the system is capable of decomposing CO2 into CO or C. Through in-situ EIS and exhaust gas analyses as well as post mortem microstructural analyses using SEM, XRD, and XPS, the capability and efficiency of CO2 decomposition are evaluated. An energy assessment shows that the net energy input in this process is smaller compared to CCS (carbon capture and sequestration). C1 [Guo, H.; Kang, B. S.] West Virginia Univ, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. [Manivannan, A.] Natl Energy Technol Lab, Morgantown, WV USA. RP Guo, H (reprint author), West Virginia Univ, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. NR 25 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 10 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 S MAIN ST, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534-2839 USA SN 1938-5862 BN 978-1-60768-437-4 J9 ECS TRANSACTIONS PY 2013 VL 50 IS 49 BP 129 EP 136 DI 10.1149/05049.0129ecst PG 8 WC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Physics, Applied SC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Physics GA BA8VU UT WOS:000338897800014 ER PT S AU Palanichamy, V Hess, DM Burke, WM Frites, M Gray, ML Khan, SUM AF Palanichamy, Velammal Hess, David M. Burke, William M. Frites, Mourad Gray, McMahan L. Khan, Shahed U. M. BE Fenton, JM Kulesza, PJ Weidner, J TI Reduction of CO2 to Methanol in Photoelectrochemical Cell: CM-n-TiO2/Cu SO SOLAR FUELS 2 SE ECS Transactions LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Solar Fuels 2 held during the 223rd Meeting of the Electrochemical-Society (ECS) CY MAY 12-16, 2013 CL Toronto, CANADA SP Electrochem Soc, Energy Technol Div, Ind Electrochemistry & Electrochem Engn Div, Phys & Analyt Electrochemistry Div ID CARBON-DIOXIDE; ELECTROCHEMICAL REDUCTION; PHOTOCATALYTIC REDUCTION; COPPER; CATALYSTS; HYDROCARBONS; ELECTRODE; WATER AB Reduction of CO2 to methanol was carried out in a two compartment photoelectrochemical cell using carbon modified titanium oxide (CM-n-TiO2) as a photoanode and Cu metal gauze as a dark cathode in an aqueous electrolyte of 5.0 M NaOH. Both compartments were connected by glass wool soaked in the same electrolyte. The CO2 reduction at the cathode in aqueous medium was coupled with the energetically challenging H2O oxidation reaction to O-2 at CM-n-TiO2 photoanode. The reduction of CO2 to methanol was found to depend on the way CO2 solution was made. This is because most of the dissolved CO2 in aqueous medium should be intact in the molecular form trapped by water molecules via hydrogen bonding and adsorbed on energetically compatible Cu metal surface. No measurable amounts of reduction of CO2 to methanol were observed when it was mostly converted to CO32- and HCO3- ions after dissolution. The highest amount of methanol, 2.5 x 10(-8) moles cm(-2) s(-1) which is equivalent to 28.8 grams m(-2) hr(-1) was observed in first 5 min of reaction time. The amounts of methanol decreased after 5 min indicating back reaction at the photoanode. An average photoconversion efficiency of solar energy to methanol fuel energy was found to be similar to 11 % within 20 min. The reduction of CO2 to methanol was found to increase the yield by two fold in presence of initially added 0.5 mM methanol that acted as an autocatalyst. C1 [Palanichamy, Velammal; Burke, William M.; Frites, Mourad; Khan, Shahed U. M.] Duquesne Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Pittsburgh, PA 15282 USA. [Gray, McMahan L.] Natl Energy Technol Ctr, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. [Hess, David M.] Innsense LLC, Torrance, CA 90505 USA. RP Palanichamy, V (reprint author), Duquesne Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Pittsburgh, PA 15282 USA. EM khan@duq.edu NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 20 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 S MAIN ST, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534-2839 USA SN 1938-5862 BN 978-1-62332-121-5; 978-1-60768-476-3 J9 ECS TRANSACTIONS PY 2013 VL 53 IS 24 BP 47 EP 54 DI 10.1149/05324.0047ecst PG 8 WC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels SC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels GA BA9EF UT WOS:000339300800006 ER PT S AU Vora, SD AF Vora, S. D. BE Kawada, T Singhal, SC TI SECA Program Overview and Status SO SOLID OXIDE FUEL CELLS 13 (SOFC-XIII) SE ECS Transactions LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Symposium on Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFC-XIII) CY OCT 06-11, 2013 CL Okinawa, JAPAN SP Solid Oxide Fuel Cells Soc Japan, Electrochem Soc, High Temperature Mat, Battery & Energy Technol Div, Electrochem Soc, Dokiya Memorial Fund, Okinawa Convent & Visitors Bur, Commemorat Org Japan World Exposit 70, Kajima Fdn, Tokuyama Sci Fdn, Suzuki Fdn, Nippon Sheet Glass Fdn Mat Sci & Engn AB The overall objective of the Solid State Energy Conversion Alliance (SECA), a U.S. Department of Energy program coordinated and managed by the National Energy Technology Laboratory, is the development of advanced power generation system technology. Specifically, the systems being developed, for central-station (> 100 MWe) application, and based on solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) technology, are to be cost-effective and operate with high electric efficiency. Further, their designs must provide for effective carbon (CO2) capture, and they must restrict the emission of other pollutants (eg, Hg, NOx, SOx) and conserve water. Historically, the fuel basis for this development has been coal, our major domestic energy source. This continues to be the focus. However, the program is cognizant that the SOFC technology developed to meet design objectives could be adapted for implementation in advanced power generation systems fueled with natural gas. Thus, there could be strong synergy between efforts to develop advanced coal-fueled power generation, as in the SECA program, and any parallel effort by the program participants to develop natural gas-fueled distributed-generation SOFC power systems. A natural gas-fueled distributed power generation system could be first to the marketplace, which would provide early manufacturing and operational experience on large commercial scale that would benefit SOFC power system developments with both fuels. SECA program status is reviewed. C1 US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. RP Vora, SD (reprint author), US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 S MAIN ST, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534-2839 USA SN 1938-5862 BN 978-1-60768-458-9 J9 ECS TRANSACTIONS PY 2013 VL 57 IS 1 BP 11 EP 19 DI 10.1149/05701.0011ecst PG 9 WC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels SC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels GA BA8WZ UT WOS:000338989000002 ER PT S AU Gerdes, K Williams, MC Gemmen, R White, B AF Gerdes, Kirk Williams, Mark C. Gemmen, Randall White, Briggs BE Kawada, T Singhal, SC TI A Global Framework for Examination of Degradation in SOFC SO SOLID OXIDE FUEL CELLS 13 (SOFC-XIII) SE ECS Transactions LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Symposium on Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFC-XIII) CY OCT 06-11, 2013 CL Okinawa, JAPAN SP Solid Oxide Fuel Cells Soc Japan, Electrochem Soc, High Temperature Mat, Battery & Energy Technol Div, Electrochem Soc, Dokiya Memorial Fund, Okinawa Convent & Visitors Bur, Commemorat Org Japan World Exposit 70, Kajima Fdn, Tokuyama Sci Fdn, Suzuki Fdn, Nippon Sheet Glass Fdn Mat Sci & Engn ID OXIDE FUEL-CELLS AB In the context of solid oxide fuel cells, degradation can be defined as the departure of any functional SOFC structure from its designed state. Degradation may occur in any active atomic-scale structure, grain, phase, interface, component, cell, stack, or system and may occur at the instant of start-up and proceed continuously through tens of thousands of hours of operation. From a fundamental point of view, the degradation of material structure impacts function and performance and can occur as surface phenomena or within the bulk of the material. A global framework of degradation 1) supports the commercialization of SOFC technology; and 2) facilitates commercial adoption of technical innovations developed through fundamental research. A well-conceived framework identifies common domains of inquiry in space and time, and supports alignment of fundamental investigations and industrial priorities. In this paper, a global framework for examination of SOFC degradation is proposed. The selection of domains identified within the framework are justified with reference to underlying physical processes of degradation, and to known primary modes of degradation reported in literature. The generalized framework is populated with specific examples, and applied to a series of operating states to demonstrate analytical utility. C1 [Gerdes, Kirk; Williams, Mark C.; Gemmen, Randall; White, Briggs] US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Morgantown, WV 26507 USA. RP Gerdes, K (reprint author), US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Morgantown, WV 26507 USA. NR 15 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 8 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 S MAIN ST, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534-2839 USA SN 1938-5862 BN 978-1-60768-458-9 J9 ECS TRANSACTIONS PY 2013 VL 57 IS 1 BP 289 EP 297 DI 10.1149/05701.0289ecst PG 9 WC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels SC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels GA BA8WZ UT WOS:000338989000031 ER PT S AU Kreller, CR Wilson, MS Mukundan, R Brosha, EL Garzon, FH AF Kreller, Cortney R. Wilson, Mahlon S. Mukundan, Rangachary Brosha, Eric L. Garzon, Fernando H. BE Kawada, T Singhal, SC TI Enhancing the Protonic Conductivity of Tin Pyrophosphates by Increasing Phosphate Content SO SOLID OXIDE FUEL CELLS 13 (SOFC-XIII) SE ECS Transactions LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Symposium on Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFC-XIII) CY OCT 06-11, 2013 CL Okinawa, JAPAN SP Solid Oxide Fuel Cells Soc Japan, Electrochem Soc, High Temperature Mat, Battery & Energy Technol Div, Electrochem Soc, Dokiya Memorial Fund, Okinawa Convent & Visitors Bur, Commemorat Org Japan World Exposit 70, Kajima Fdn, Tokuyama Sci Fdn, Suzuki Fdn, Nippon Sheet Glass Fdn Mat Sci & Engn ID IN3+-DOPED SNP2O7; CONDUCTORS; CERAMICS AB Indium-doped tin pyrophosphate materials were synthesized with varying metal to phosphate ratios to assess the influence of the excess amorphous polyphosphate phase on conductivity. Total conductivity at 250 degrees C was found to increase with increasing P:M ratio, with a maximum conductivity of 10(-1.8) Scm(-1) in dry N-2 and 10(-0.8) Scm(-1) in humidified N-2. These results combined with supporting spectroscopy, suggest that a grain-boundary polyphosphate phase is required to achieve high conductivity at low-intermediate temperatures. The conductivity of the excess phosphorous content materials was stable in both dry and humidified environments at 250 degrees C. The use of this material as a promising fuel cell electrolyte was demonstrated with a maximum power density of 11 mWcm(-2) obtained for the highest P: M ratio material at 300 degrees C without humidification. This value is an order of magnitude lower than what has been reported previously in the literature. However the conductivity of the electrolyte in the operating fuel cell was 0.075 Scm(-1) and the poor performance is attributable to cathodic overpotentials. C1 [Kreller, Cortney R.; Wilson, Mahlon S.; Mukundan, Rangachary; Brosha, Eric L.; Garzon, Fernando H.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Sensors & Electrochem Devices Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Kreller, CR (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Sensors & Electrochem Devices Grp, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. OI Kreller, Cortney/0000-0003-2180-2494; Wilson, Mahlon/0000-0002-5944-2650; Mukundan, Rangachary/0000-0002-5679-3930 NR 16 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 5 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 S MAIN ST, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534-2839 USA SN 1938-5862 BN 978-1-60768-458-9 J9 ECS TRANSACTIONS PY 2013 VL 57 IS 1 BP 1009 EP 1018 DI 10.1149/05701.1009ecst PG 10 WC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels SC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels GA BA8WZ UT WOS:000338989002001 ER PT S AU Chen, G Kishimoto, H Yamaji, K Kuramoto, K Gong, MY Liu, XB Hackett, G Gerdes, K Horita, T AF Chen, G. Kishimoto, H. Yamaji, K. Kuramoto, K. Gong, M. Y. Liu, X. B. Hackett, G. Gerdes, K. Horita, T. BE Kawada, T Singhal, SC TI Effect of PH3 on Stability of LST Ceramic Anode in Coal Syngas SO SOLID OXIDE FUEL CELLS 13 (SOFC-XIII) SE ECS Transactions LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Symposium on Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFC-XIII) CY OCT 06-11, 2013 CL Okinawa, JAPAN SP Solid Oxide Fuel Cells Soc Japan, Electrochem Soc, High Temperature Mat, Battery & Energy Technol Div, Electrochem Soc, Dokiya Memorial Fund, Okinawa Convent & Visitors Bur, Commemorat Org Japan World Exposit 70, Kajima Fdn, Tokuyama Sci Fdn, Suzuki Fdn, Nippon Sheet Glass Fdn Mat Sci & Engn ID OXIDE FUEL-CELLS; DOPED STRONTIUM-TITANATE; SOFC ANODES; A-SITE; PERFORMANCE; PHOSPHINE; TEMPERATURE; GAS; LA AB Stability of La substituted SrTiO3 anode in coal syngas fuel was investigated. La0.25Sr0.75TiO3 and (La0.25Sr0.75)(0.9)TiO3 pellets were annealed in simulated coal syngas with 1 ppm PH3 atmosphere at 900 degrees C for 100 hrs. Sr-3(PO4)(2) and TiO2 were observed on the surface of each sample after the exposure test. XRD and SEM/EDS results indicate that most Sr-3(PO4)(2) was formed on the surface of stoichiometric LST. Chemical stability of LST for PH3 was effectively improved by changing the A-site deficient composition. C1 [Chen, G.; Kishimoto, H.; Yamaji, K.; Kuramoto, K.; Horita, T.] Natl Inst Adv Ind Sci & Technol, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan. [Gong, M. Y.; Liu, X. B.] West Virginia Univ, Mech & Aerosp Engn Dept, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. [Hackett, G.; Gerdes, K.] Natl Energy Technol Lab, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. RP Chen, G (reprint author), Natl Inst Adv Ind Sci & Technol, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan. FU Japan-U.S. Collaboration on Clean Energy Technology; National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology of Japan FX This study was supported by Japan-U.S. Collaboration on Clean Energy Technology. The authors thank Prof. Dr. Harumi Yokokawa and Prof. Dr. Manuel E. Brito at National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology of Japan for their helpful discussions and advice NR 17 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 S MAIN ST, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534-2839 USA SN 1938-5862 BN 978-1-60768-458-9 J9 ECS TRANSACTIONS PY 2013 VL 57 IS 1 BP 1577 EP 1583 DI 10.1149/05701.1577ecst PG 7 WC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels SC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels GA BA8WZ UT WOS:000338989003010 ER PT S AU Dogdibegovic, E Templeton, J Yan, J Stevenson, JW Zhou, XD AF Dogdibegovic, E. Templeton, J. Yan, J. Stevenson, J. W. Zhou, X. -D. BE Kawada, T Singhal, SC TI Compatibility of Praseodymium Nickelates with Various Cathode Current Collectors and Electrolytes SO SOLID OXIDE FUEL CELLS 13 (SOFC-XIII) SE ECS Transactions LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Symposium on Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFC-XIII) CY OCT 06-11, 2013 CL Okinawa, JAPAN SP Solid Oxide Fuel Cells Soc Japan, Electrochem Soc, High Temperature Mat, Battery & Energy Technol Div, Electrochem Soc, Dokiya Memorial Fund, Okinawa Convent & Visitors Bur, Commemorat Org Japan World Exposit 70, Kajima Fdn, Tokuyama Sci Fdn, Suzuki Fdn, Nippon Sheet Glass Fdn Mat Sci & Engn ID OXIDE FUEL-CELLS; PEROVSKITE-LIKE CRYSTALS; ELECTROCHEMICAL PERFORMANCE; OXYGEN REDUCTION; STABILITY AB Nickelates, e.g. La2NiO4 and Pr2NiO4, have been of particular interest in the development of new generation oxygen electrodes for solid oxide fuel cells. The primary motivation for the utilization of nickelates is largely due to their resident oxygen interstitials, which are very mobile defects and thus capable of exchanging with ambient air at a substantially high rate. Indeed, nickelates exhibit superior electrochemical properties for oxygen reduction. Equally, if not more important research, is to investigate the stability of these electrodes with respect to time, temperature and compatibility with other constituents in a cell. In this paper, the high performance Pr2NiO4 cathode is reported together with its compatibility with various cathode current collectors and electrolytes. It was observed that at 750 degrees C Pr2NiO4 is compatible with LSC or LSM current collectors up to 500 hours, but there exists an interdiffusion between Pr2NiO4 and ceria layer. Even with the presence of interdiffusion, the degradation rate at 0.8 V over 1000 hours was marginal, similar to 3% per 1000 hours. C1 [Dogdibegovic, E.; Yan, J.; Zhou, X. -D.] Univ South Carolina, Dept Chem Engn, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. [Templeton, J.; Stevenson, J. W.] Pacific NorthWest Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Dogdibegovic, E (reprint author), Univ South Carolina, Dept Chem Engn, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. FU NSF-SSMC program; US Department of Energy FX The authors would like to thank NSF-SSMC program and US Department of Energy for supporting this program. NR 23 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 10 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 S MAIN ST, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534-2839 USA SN 1938-5862 BN 978-1-60768-458-9 J9 ECS TRANSACTIONS PY 2013 VL 57 IS 1 BP 1761 EP 1770 DI 10.1149/05701.1761ecst PG 10 WC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels SC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels GA BA8WZ UT WOS:000338989003032 ER PT S AU Williams, MC Gemmen, R Gerdes, K AF Williams, Mark C. Gemmen, Randall Gerdes, Kirk BE Kawada, T Singhal, SC TI Optimal Operational Strategies for Degrading Solid Oxide Fuel Cells SO SOLID OXIDE FUEL CELLS 13 (SOFC-XIII) SE ECS Transactions LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Symposium on Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFC-XIII) CY OCT 06-11, 2013 CL Okinawa, JAPAN SP Solid Oxide Fuel Cells Soc Japan, Electrochem Soc, High Temperature Mat, Battery & Energy Technol Div, Electrochem Soc, Dokiya Memorial Fund, Okinawa Convent & Visitors Bur, Commemorat Org Japan World Exposit 70, Kajima Fdn, Tokuyama Sci Fdn, Suzuki Fdn, Nippon Sheet Glass Fdn Mat Sci & Engn ID DEGRADATION; TEMPERATURE; COMPOSITES; EFFICIENCY AB The operational strategy for a solid oxide fuel cell undergoing degradation is investigated in this paper. While the perfect fuel cell would undergo no degradation, practical fuel cells of any type (e. g., polymer electrolyte, etc.), like batteries, will degrade. For fuel cells, dominant mechanisms of degradation will depend on materials of construction, operating conditions, and operational history. The common practice is to linearize degradation. Giving a linear representation to degradation rate, however, gives a linear structure to the area specific resistance, ASR(t). Experimental evidence shows that ASR(t) is commonly a parabolic function. Four important operational strategies are evaluated for degrading fuel cells - constant voltage, constant current, maximum power, and constant design power. This work demonstrates that degrading fuel cells exhibit a natural exergetic efficiency for a given fuel utilization. This exergetic efficiency is constant along the path of maximum power. To operate at this exergetic efficiency is to operate along the path of maximum power. The path of maximum power can be pursued as an operational strategy by varying the fuel flow rate (fuel cell current) at constant fuel utilization. A separate question of possible concern is what is the maximum allowable current. C1 [Williams, Mark C.; Gemmen, Randall; Gerdes, Kirk] US DOE Natl Energy Technol Lab, Morgantown, WV 26501 USA. RP Williams, MC (reprint author), US DOE Natl Energy Technol Lab, Morgantown, WV 26501 USA. NR 22 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 S MAIN ST, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534-2839 USA SN 1938-5862 BN 978-1-60768-458-9 J9 ECS TRANSACTIONS PY 2013 VL 57 IS 1 BP 2607 EP 2616 DI 10.1149/05701.2607ecst PG 10 WC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels SC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels GA BA8WZ UT WOS:000338989005010 ER PT S AU Yu, Y Geller, A Mao, B Chang, R Liu, Z Eichhorn, BW AF Yu, Y. Geller, A. Mao, B. Chang, R. Liu, Z. Eichhorn, B. W. BE Kawada, T Singhal, SC TI Carbon Deposits and Pt/YSZ Overpotentials in CO/CO2 Solid Oxide Electrochemical Cells SO SOLID OXIDE FUEL CELLS 13 (SOFC-XIII) SE ECS Transactions LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Symposium on Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFC-XIII) CY OCT 06-11, 2013 CL Okinawa, JAPAN SP Solid Oxide Fuel Cells Soc Japan, Electrochem Soc, High Temperature Mat, Battery & Energy Technol Div, Electrochem Soc, Dokiya Memorial Fund, Okinawa Convent & Visitors Bur, Commemorat Org Japan World Exposit 70, Kajima Fdn, Tokuyama Sci Fdn, Suzuki Fdn, Nippon Sheet Glass Fdn Mat Sci & Engn ID RAY PHOTOELECTRON-SPECTROSCOPY; CO DISPROPORTIONATION; IN-SITU; CERIA AB Through the use of in situ ambient pressure X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and specially designed ceria-based solid oxide electrochemical cells, CO2 electrolysis reactions (CO2 + 2e(-) -> CO + O2-) and CO electro-oxidation reactions (CO + O2- -> CO2 + 2e(-)) were studied on Pt and ceria electrodes supported on YSZ electrolytes. Electrolysis and electro-oxidation reactions were conducted in the presence of 0.5 Torr CO/CO2 gas mixtures at similar to 600 degrees C. When CO2 electrolysis reactions were promoted on ceria at +2.0 V applied bias, we observed the formation of graphitic carbon species on the ceria electrode surface. This carbon layer facilitates the electron conduction and extends the active region further away from the Au current collector. The charge transfer overpotentials at the Pt/YSZ interface were shown to be the largest resistance in the cell for both processes. By comparing with previous studies of the H-2/H2O system, it is concluded that higher charge transfer resistances are associated with CO2 electro-oxidation and CO electro-oxidation at this three-phase-boundary. C1 [Yu, Y.; Geller, A.; Eichhorn, B. W.] Univ Maryland, Dept Chem & Biochem, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Mao, B.; Chang, R.; Liu, Z.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Adv Light Source, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Yu, Y (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Chem & Biochem, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RI Liu, Zhi/B-3642-2009 OI Liu, Zhi/0000-0002-8973-6561 FU Office of Naval Research [N000140510711]; University of Maryland Nanocenter; University of Maryland Energy Research Center (UMERC); U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX This work is funded through the support of the Office of Naval Research through Contract No. N000140510711 (Dr. Michele Anderson program manager). We thank the University of Maryland Nanocenter and the University of Maryland Energy Research Center (UMERC) for support. The Advanced Light Source is supported by the Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. NR 17 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 14 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 S MAIN ST, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534-2839 USA SN 1938-5862 BN 978-1-60768-458-9 J9 ECS TRANSACTIONS PY 2013 VL 57 IS 1 BP 3119 EP 3126 DI 10.1149/05701.3119ecst PG 8 WC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels SC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels GA BA8WZ UT WOS:000338989005066 ER PT J AU Rane, Y Altecor, A Bell, NS Lozano, K AF Rane, Yatinkumar Altecor, Aleksey Bell, Nelson S. Lozano, Karen TI Preparation of Superhydrophobic Teflon (R) AF 1600 Sub-Micron Fibers and Yarns Using the Forcespinning (TM) Technique SO JOURNAL OF ENGINEERED FIBERS AND FABRICS LA English DT Article DE Teflon (R); Forcespinning (TM); superhydrophobic nanofibers; nanofiber yarns ID EXHIBITING SUPERHYDROPHOBICITY; SURFACES; ELECTROSPUN; POLYMER; WETTABILITY; WATER; FABRICATION; NANOFIBERS; MORPHOLOGY; MEMBRANES AB Superhydrophobic materials combined with manufacturing processes that can increase surface roughness of the material, offer an opportunity to effectively control wetting properties. Rapid formation of Teflon (R) AF (TAF) fibrous mats with sub- micron fiber diameter using the Forcespinning T technique is presented. The fiber formation technique is based on the use of centrifugal forces. SEM analysis shows uniform formation of TAF 1600 fibers with average diameter of 362 +/- 58nm. Contact angle measurement confirms the superhydrophobic nature of the mats with contact angles as high as 169 degrees +/- 3 degrees and rolling angles of 2 degrees. TAF 1600 mats were forcespun at a rate of 1gr/min. The relationship between the contact angle and hierarchical surface roughness of the TAF mat is also discussed. TAF yarns were also manufactured and characterized. Yarns with diameters of 156 microns withstood 17.5 MPa of engineering stress with a Young's modulus of 348 MPa in the elastic region and excellent thermal stability. C1 [Rane, Yatinkumar; Altecor, Aleksey; Lozano, Karen] Univ Texas Pan Amer, Edinburg, TX 78541 USA. [Bell, Nelson S.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM USA. RP Lozano, K (reprint author), Univ Texas Pan Amer, 1201 Univ Dr, Edinburg, TX 78541 USA. EM lozanok@utpa.edu NR 41 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 27 PU INDA PI CARY PA PO BOX 1288, CARY, NC 27512-1288 USA SN 1558-9250 J9 J ENG FIBER FABR JI J. Eng. Fiber Fabr. PY 2013 VL 8 IS 4 BP 88 EP 95 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Textiles SC Materials Science GA AL3XX UT WOS:000339066300011 ER PT J AU Hopkins, JB AF Hopkins, J. B. TI Designing hybrid flexure systems and elements using Freedom and Constraint Topologies SO MECHANICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID PARALLEL MANIPULATORS; SCREW THEORY; GEOMETRY AB In this paper we introduce the principles necessary to synthesize hybrid flexure systems and elements. Flexure systems consist of rigid bodies that are joined together by flexure elements that elastically deform to guide the system's rigid bodies with desired degrees of freedom (DOFs). The principles introduced here for synthesizing hybrid flexure systems and elements are extensions of the Freedom and Constraint Topologies (FACT) synthesis approach. FACT utilizes a comprehensive library of geometric shapes from which designers can rapidly consider and compare a multiplicity of flexure concepts that achieve any desired set of DOFs. Prior to this paper, designers primarily used these shapes to synthesize parallel and serial flexure systems and elements. With this paper, designers may now use these same shapes to synthesize more general flexures that consist of various combinations of parallel and serial systems and elements (i.e., hybrid configurations). As such, designers can access a larger body of flexure solutions that satisfy demanding design requirements. Instructions for helping designers utilize or avoid the advantages and challenges of over-, under-, and exact-constraint are also provided. Hybrid systems and elements are analysed and designed as case studies. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Hopkins, JB (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, 7000 East Ave L 223, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM jonathanbhopkins@gmail.com FU US Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344. LLNL-JRNL-627952] FX This work was performed under the auspices of the US Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. LLNL-JRNL-627952. NR 34 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 5 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 2191-9151 EI 2191-916X J9 MECH SCI JI Mech. Sci. PY 2013 VL 4 IS 2 BP 319 EP 331 DI 10.5194/ms-4-319-2013 PG 13 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA AK3OM UT WOS:000338334000007 ER PT S AU Wang, B Wu, B Li, D Shen, XP Yu, WK Jiao, YZ Vetter, JS AF Wang, Bin Wu, Bo Li, Dong Shen, Xipeng Yu, Weikuan Jiao, Yizheng Vetter, Jeffrey S. GP IEEE TI Exploring Hybrid Memory for GPU Energy Efficiency through Software-Hardware Co-Design SO 2013 22ND INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON PARALLEL ARCHITECTURES AND COMPILATION TECHNIQUES (PACT) SE International Conference on Parallel Architectures and Compilation Techniques LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 22nd International Conference on Parallel Architectures and Compilation Techniques (PACT) CY SEP 07-11, 2013 CL Edinburgh, SCOTLAND SP Assoc Comp Machinery SIGARCH, IEEE Comp Soc, TCCA, IEEE Comp Soc, TCPP, IFIP, WG 10 3, Ctr Numer Algorithms & Intelligent Software, Codeplay, Scottish Informat & Comp Sci Alliance, Intel, IBM, Google, Microsoft Res, Reservoir Labs DE GPU; NVRAM; Co-Design; Energy Efficiency AB Hybrid memory designs, such as DRAM plus Phase Change Memory (PCM), have shown some promise for alleviating power and density issues faced by traditional memory systems. But previous studies have concentrated on CPU systems with a modest level of parallelism. This work studies the problem in a massively parallel setting. Specifically, it investigates the special implications to hybrid memory imposed by the massive parallelism in GPU. It empirically shows that, contrary to promising results demonstrated for CPU, previous designs of PCM-based hybrid memory result in significant degradation to the energy efficiency of GPU. It reveals that the fundamental reason comes from a multi-facet mismatch between those designs and the massive parallelism in GPU. It presents a solution that centers around a close cooperation between compiler-directed data placement and hardware-assisted runtime adaptation. The co-design approach helps tap into the full potential of hybrid memory for GPU without requiring dramatic hardware changes over previous designs, yielding 6% and 49% energy saving on average compared to pure DRAM and pure PCM respectively, and keeping performance loss less than 2%. C1 [Wang, Bin; Yu, Weikuan; Jiao, Yizheng] Auburn Univ, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. [Wu, Bo; Shen, Xipeng] Coll William & Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23187 USA. [Li, Dong; Vetter, Jeffrey S.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. RP Wang, B (reprint author), Auburn Univ, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. EM bwang@auburn.edu; bwu@cs.wm.edu; lid1@ornl.gov; xshen@cs.wm.edu; wkyu@auburn.edu; yzj0018@auburn.edu; vetter@ornl.gov FU Alabama Innovation Award; NSF [CNS-1059376]; DOE Early Career Award FX Bin Wang and Bo Wu have made significant contributions on the hardware side and the compiler side, respectively. This work is funded in part by an Alabama Innovation Award, by an NSF award CNS-1059376 and by DOE Early Career Award. We are very thankful for GPU equipment donated from NVIDIA to Auburn University. NR 36 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1089-795X BN 978-1-4799-1021-2 J9 INT CONFER PARA PY 2013 BP 93 EP 102 PG 10 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BA8NT UT WOS:000338323700012 ER PT S AU Ji, F Lin, HS Ma, XS AF Ji, Feng Lin, Heshan Ma, Xiaosong GP IEEE TI RSVM: a Region-based Software Virtual Memory for GPU SO 2013 22ND INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON PARALLEL ARCHITECTURES AND COMPILATION TECHNIQUES (PACT) SE International Conference on Parallel Architectures and Compilation Techniques LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 22nd International Conference on Parallel Architectures and Compilation Techniques (PACT) CY SEP 07-11, 2013 CL Edinburgh, SCOTLAND SP Assoc Comp Machinery SIGARCH, IEEE Comp Soc, TCCA, IEEE Comp Soc, TCPP, IFIP, WG 10 3, Ctr Numer Algorithms & Intelligent Software, Codeplay, Scottish Informat & Comp Sci Alliance, Intel, IBM, Google, Microsoft Res, Reservoir Labs DE GPGPU; Heterogeneous System; GPU Memory Mangement ID PROGRAMMING-MODEL; SYSTEMS AB While Graphics Processing Units (GPU) have gained much success in general purpose computing in recent years, their programming is still difficult, due to, particularly, explicitly managed GPU memory and manual CPU-GPU data transfer. Despite recent calls for managing GPU resources as first-class citizens in the operating system, a mature GPU memory management mechanism is still missing, which leads to reinventing the wheels in various GPU system software. Meanwhile, due to ever enlarging problem sizes, we urgently need a system-level mechanism for unified CPU-GPU memory management. In this work, we present the design of Region-based Software Virtual Memory (RSVM), a software virtual memory running on both CPU and GPU in a distributed and cooperative way. In addition to automatic GPU memory management and GPU-CPU data transfer, RSVM offers two novel features: 1) GPU kernel-issued on-demand data fetching from the host into the GPU memory, and 2) intra-kernel transparent GPU memory swapping into the main memory. Our study reveals important insights on the challenges and opportunities of building unified virtual memory systems for heterogeneous computing. Experimental results on real GPU benchmarks demonstrate that, though it incurs a small overhead, RSVM can transparently scale GPU kernels to large problem sizes exceeding the device memory size limit; developers write the same code for different problem sizes, but still can optimize on data layout definition accordingly. Our evaluation also identifies missing GPU architecture features for better system software efficiency. C1 [Ji, Feng; Ma, Xiaosong] North Carolina State Univ, Dept Comp Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Lin, Heshan] Virginia Tech, depcom, Blacksburg, VA USA. [Ma, Xiaosong] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Comp Sci & Math Div, Oak Ridge, TN USA. RP Ji, F (reprint author), North Carolina State Univ, Dept Comp Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM fji@ncsu.edu; hlin2@cs.vt.edu; ma@cs.ncsu.edu FU Synergy group at Virginia Tech for their valuable feedback on this project; NSF 277 [CNS-0546301 (CAREER), CNS-0915861]; plus Xiaosong Ma's joint appointment between NCSU and ORNL FX We thank the the anonymous reviewers and the Synergy group at Virginia Tech for their valuable feedback on this project. This work has been sponsored in part by an NSF 277 Awards CNS-0546301 (CAREER) and CNS-0915861, plus Xiaosong Mas joint appointment between NCSU and ORNL. NR 25 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1089-795X BN 978-1-4799-1021-2 J9 INT CONFER PARA PY 2013 BP 269 EP 278 PG 10 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BA8NT UT WOS:000338323700028 ER PT S AU Ziomek-Moroz, M Hawk, JA Thodla, R Gui, F AF Ziomek-Moroz, M. Hawk, J. A. Thodla, R. Gui, F. BE UrquidiMacdonald, M Taylor, CD Haruna, T TI Effect of Sour Environment pH on Crack Morphology in Ultra-High Strength Drilling Steel Under Cyclic Stress SO CORROSION, PASSIVITY, AND ENERGY: A SYMPOSIUM IN HONOR OF DIGBY D. MACDONALD SE ECS Transactions LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT ECS 3D Symposium on Corrosion, Passivity, and Energy - In Honor of Digby D. Macdonald CY OCT 07-12, 2012 CL Honolulu, HI SP ECS, Corros Div AB Catastrophic failure of a pre-cracked compact tension UD-165 sample after a cyclic stress versus frequency experiment in a 5% NaCl solution buffered with CO2/NaHCO3 and in contact with 0.83 MPa H2S at 20 degrees C, pH=7, occurred in air. Only fatigue crack propagation was observed in a similar sample after a similar test in the pH=12 solution. The log fatigue crack rate measured as a function of log frequency for UD-165 in the pH=7 solution was linear with a gradient of -0.492 while in the pH=12 solution exhibited a plateau indicating different mechanisms based on fracture mechanics theory. The microscopic investigations of the sample after testing at pH=7 revealed the presence of fatigue cracks, initiated by sample pre-cracking. Also, on the surface of the catastrophically fractured base metal, pits and other secondary cracks were observed. The latter propagated along the beach marks. The surface analysis of UD-165 after testing in pH=12 solutions showed corrosion products covering the crack but not crack tip. Intergranular cracks were found on the surface of the fractured base metal in liquid nitrogen. The microscopic surface investigations corroborate the fracture mechanics results. C1 [Ziomek-Moroz, M.; Hawk, J. A.] US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Albany, OR 97321 USA. [Thodla, R.; Gui, F.] DNV Columbus, Dublin, OH 43017 USA. RP Ziomek-Moroz, M (reprint author), US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Albany, OR 97321 USA. NR 10 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 S MAIN ST, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534-2839 USA SN 1938-5862 BN 978-1-60768-419-0 J9 ECS TRANSACTIONS PY 2013 VL 50 IS 31 BP 79 EP 90 DI 10.1149/05031.0079ecst PG 12 WC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science GA BA8FF UT WOS:000338035300007 ER PT S AU Atanasoska, LL Cullen, DA Hester, AE Atanasoski, RT AF Atanasoska, L. L. Cullen, D. A. Hester, A. E. Atanasoski, R. T. BE Brisard, G Wieckowski, A TI XPS and STEM Study of the Interface Formation between Ultra-Thin Ru and Ir OER Catalyst Layers and Perylene Red Support Whiskers SO ELECTROCATALYSIS 6 SE ECS Transactions LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Electrocatalysis 6 held during the PRiME Joint International Meeting of the Electrochemical-Society and the Electrochemical-Society-of-Japan CY OCT 07-12, 2012 CL Honolulu, HI SP Electrochem Soc, Electrochem Soc Japan, Japan Soc Appl Phys, Korean Electrochem Soc, Royal Australian Chem Inst, Electrochemistry Div, Chinese Soc Electrochemistry, Phys & Analyt Electrochemistry Div, Energy Technol Div AB The interface formation between perylene red (PR) and ruthenium or iridium OER catalysts has been studied systematically by XPS and STEM. The OER catalyst over-layers with thicknesses ranging from similar to 0.1 to similar to 50 nm were vapor deposited onto PR ex-situ. As seen by STEM, Ru and Ir form into nanoparticles, which agglomerate with increased loading. XPS data show a strong interaction between Ru and PR. Ir also interacts with PR although not to the extent seen for Ru. At low coverages, the entire Ru deposit is in the reacted state while a small portion of the deposited Ir remains metallic. Ru and Ir bonding occur at the PR carbonyl sites as evidenced by the attenuation of carbonyl photoemission and the emergence of new peak assigned to C-O single bond. The curve fitting analysis and the derived stoichiometry indicates the formation of metallo-organic bonds. The co-existence of oxide bonds is also apparent. C1 [Atanasoska, L. L.; Hester, A. E.; Atanasoski, R. T.] 3M Co, Ctr M3, St Paul, MN 55144 USA. [Cullen, D. A.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Atanasoska, LL (reprint author), 3M Co, Ctr M3, St Paul, MN 55144 USA. RI Cullen, David/A-2918-2015 OI Cullen, David/0000-0002-2593-7866 FU DOE Fuel Cell Technology Office [DE-EE0000456]; Office of Basic Energy Sciences; U.S. DOE FX This work was supported by the DOE Fuel Cell Technology Office, Award No. DE-EE0000456 and the Oak Ridge National Laboratory's Shared Research Equipment (ShaRE) User Program, sponsored by the Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. DOE. NR 8 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 9 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 S MAIN ST, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534-2839 USA SN 1938-5862 BN 978-1-60768-424-4 J9 ECS TRANSACTIONS PY 2013 VL 50 IS 36 BP 19 EP 33 DI 10.1149/05036.0019ecst PG 15 WC Electrochemistry; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Electrochemistry; Engineering; Physics GA BA8NJ UT WOS:000338309600003 ER PT S AU Bhattacharya, RN Kim, Y Yoon, S Jeon, M AF Bhattacharya, Raghu N. Kim, Youngho Yoon, Sanghyo Jeon, Myoungae BE PodlahaMurphy, EJ Kanamura, K Munakata, H Fenton, JM TI Electrodeposited CIS and CIGS-based Solar Cells SO EMERGING MATERIALS AND PROCESSES FOR ENERGY CONVERSION AND STORAG E SE ECS Transactions LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Emerging Mat and Proc for Energy Convers and Storage held during the PRiME Joint Int Meeting of the Electrochem-Soc and the Electrochem-Soc-of-Japan CY OCT 07-12, 2012 CL Honolulu, HI SP Electrochem Soc, Electrochem Soc Japan, Japan Soc Appl Phys, Korean Electrochem Soc, Royal Australian Chem Inst, Electrochemistry Div, Chinese Soc Electrochemistry, Electrodeposit Div, Battery Div, Energy Technol Div ID CUIN1-XGAXSE2-BASED PHOTOVOLTAIC CELLS; PRECURSOR FILMS; LAYERS AB Previously, we reported 15.4%-efficient copper indium gallium diselenide (CIGS)-based photovoltaic devices from electrodeposited precursor films in which the final film composition was adjusted using the physical vapor deposition (PVD) method. At present, we are fabricating CIS and CIGS-based solar cells directly from electrodeposited precursor films, eliminating the expensive PVD step. Electrodeposited CIS and CIGS absorber layers are fabricated from stacked Cu/In and Cu/In/Ga layers, respectively. All films are electrodeposited from aqueous-based solutions at room temperature in a two-electrode cell configuration, with platinum gauze as the counter electrode and a glass substrate as the working electrode. The substrate is DC-sputtered with about 1 mu m of Mo. The electrodeposited films are selenized at high temperature (similar to 550 degrees C) to obtain 10.9%-efficient CIS device and 11.7%-efficient CIGS device. C1 [Bhattacharya, Raghu N.] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Kim, Youngho; Yoon, Sanghyo; Jeon, Myoungae] Dasstech Co Ltd, Chungbuk 363886, South Korea. RP Bhattacharya, RN (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. FU Alliance for Sustainable Energy; LLC [DE-AC36-08GO28308]; U.S. Department of Energy; The Small & Medium Business Administration (SMBA) in Republic of Korea FX The authors thank Clay DeHart (NCPV, NREL) for device fabrication, Glenn Teeter for AES analysis and Paul Ciszek (NCPV, NREL) for official J-V measurements. This work has been performed by an employee of the Alliance for Sustainable Energy, LLC, under contract number DE-AC36-08GO28308 with the U.S. Department of Energy (LDRD Program). The United States Government retains a non-exclusive, paid-up, irrevocable, worldwide license to publish or reproduce the published form of this work, or allow others to do so, for United States Government purposes. This work has been performed under CRADA agreement between NREL and Dasstech. Co., Ltd. This work was also part of Technology Innovation Project supported by The Small & Medium Business Administration (SMBA) in Republic of Korea. NR 18 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 S MAIN ST, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534-2839 USA SN 1938-5862 BN 978-1-60768-428-2 J9 ECS TRANSACTIONS PY 2013 VL 50 IS 40 BP 23 EP 30 DI 10.1149/05040.0023ecst PG 8 WC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Physics GA BA8HV UT WOS:000338124800003 ER PT J AU Ren, JG Wu, QH Hong, G Zhang, WJ Wu, HM Amine, K Yang, JB Lee, ST AF Ren, Jian-Guo Wu, Qi-Hui Hong, Guo Zhang, Wen-Jun Wu, Huiming Amine, Khalil Yang, Junbing Lee, Shuit-Tong TI Silicon-Graphene Composite Anodes for High-Energy Lithium Batteries SO ENERGY TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE anodes; batteries; graphene; lithium; silicon ID LI-ION BATTERIES; SOLID-ELECTROLYTE-INTERPHASE; ATOMIC LAYER DEPOSITION; LONG CYCLE LIFE; HIGH-CAPACITY; SI; STORAGE; NANOPARTICLES; CONVERSION; NANOWIRES AB A chemical vapor deposition process is introduced to prepare silicon (Si)-graphene composite anode materials for lithium-ion batteries. Highly ordered crystalline Si particles are deposited onto graphene sheets by using a liquid chlorosilane as Si source. The Si-graphene composite exhibits high utilization of Si in charge-discharge processes. The capacity retention of 90% after 500 full cycles and an average Coulombic efficiency in excess of 99.5% are achieved in half cells. Moreover, atomic layer deposition (ALD) Al2O3 coating is directly applied on the Si-graphene electrode, which greatly suppresses the side reactions between the electrode and electrolyte, resulting in the enhancement in initial Coulombic efficiency and reversible capacity. Finally, a 3.6 V full cell device is demonstrated, which works very well by combining a Si-graphene anode with a Li-excess layer-structured composite Li1.2Ni0.2Mn0.6O2 cathode. This approach is very promising for realizing a high-energy lithium-ion battery. C1 [Ren, Jian-Guo; Wu, Qi-Hui; Hong, Guo; Lee, Shuit-Tong] Soochow Univ, Jiangsu Key Lab Carbon Based Funct Mat & Devices, Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Ren, Jian-Guo; Wu, Qi-Hui; Hong, Guo; Lee, Shuit-Tong] Soochow Univ, Inst Funct Nano & Soft Mat FUNSOM, Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Ren, Jian-Guo; Wu, Qi-Hui; Hong, Guo; Zhang, Wen-Jun] City Univ Hong Kong, Dept Phys & Mat Sci, Ctr Super Diamond & Adv Films COSDAF, Kowloon, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. [Wu, Huiming; Amine, Khalil; Yang, Junbing] Argonne Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Engn Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Lee, Shuit-Tong] COSDAF, Melville, NY USA. RP Yang, JB (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Engn Div, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM apannale@suda.edu.cn RI Zhang, WJ/C-6995-2012 OI Zhang, WJ/0000-0002-4497-0688 FU Research Grants Council of Hong Kong SAR, China-GRF Grant [CityU102010]; National Natural Science Foundation of China [51072126, 51132006]; National Basic Research Program of China (973 program) [2009CB623703, 2012CB932402, 2012CB932600]; Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions (PAPD) FX This work was funded by Research Grants Council of Hong Kong SAR, China-GRF Grant (No. CityU102010), National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51072126, 51132006), National Basic Research Program of China (973 program) (No. 2009CB623703, 2012CB932402, 2012CB932600) and a Project Funded by the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions (PAPD). NR 56 TC 58 Z9 58 U1 22 U2 141 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA BOSCHSTRASSE 12, D-69469 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 2194-4288 EI 2194-4296 J9 ENERGY TECHNOL-GER JI Energy Technol. PD JAN PY 2013 VL 1 IS 1 BP 77 EP 84 DI 10.1002/ente.201200038 PG 8 WC Energy & Fuels SC Energy & Fuels GA AK3RX UT WOS:000338343500019 ER PT S AU Shui, JL Okasinski, J Zhao, D Almer, J Liu, DJ AF Shui, Jianglan Okasinski, John Zhao, Dan Almer, Jon Liu, Di-Jia BE Xing, Y ShaoHorn, Y Xiao, J Imanishi, N TI Understanding of Electrolyte Stability and Its Impact to Lifespan of Li-O-2 Battery SO METAL-AIR BATTERIES SE ECS Transactions LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Metal-Air Batteries held during the PRiME Joint International Meeting of the Electrochemical-Society and the Electrochemical-Society-of-Japan CY OCT 07-12, 2012 CL Honolulu, HI SP Electrochem Soc, Electrochem Soc Japan, Japan Soc Appl Phys, Korean Electrochem Soc, Royal Australian Chem Inst, Electrochemistry Div, Chinese Soc Electrochemistry, Battery Div, Energy Technol Div, Fullereness, Nanotubes, & Carbon Nanostructures Div ID LITHIUM-OXYGEN BATTERY; X-RAY; ELECTROCHEMISTRY AB The impact to the Li-O-2 battery performance from the insoluble lithium salts formed from the electrolyte decomposition during discharge-charge cycle was investigated by a microfocused synchrotron X-ray diffraction (mu-XRD) technique, together with the conventional imaging and spectroscopic methods. Lithium alkyl carbonate deposit was found throughout the battery. Surprisingly, the concentration of Li2CO3 in the separator is significantly higher than that in both electrodes. Imaging method such as Scanning electron microscopy revealed that the precipitates grew on the separator fiber surface, ultimately obstructing the pores serving as the ion-transport channel. A model based on finite-element analysis was developed to qualitatively illustrate the possible chemical/ physical processes leading to high accumulation of insoluble precipitates in the separator region. C1 [Shui, Jianglan; Zhao, Dan; Liu, Di-Jia] Argonne Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Engn Div, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Okasinski, John; Almer, Jon] Argonne Natl Lab, Xray Sci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Shui, JL (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Engn Div, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM djliu@anl.gov RI Zhao, Dan/D-5975-2011 OI Zhao, Dan/0000-0002-4427-2150 NR 19 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 10 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 S MAIN ST, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534-2839 USA SN 1938-5862 BN 978-1-60768-413-8 J9 ECS TRANSACTIONS PY 2013 VL 50 IS 25 BP 37 EP 45 DI 10.1149/05025.0037ecst PG 9 WC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels SC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels GA BA8EU UT WOS:000338028900005 ER PT J AU Wagner, GJ AF Wagner, Gregory J. BE Li, S Qian, D TI Atomistic-to-Continuum Coupling Methods for Heat Transfer in Solids SO MULTISCALE SIMULATIONS AND MECHANICS OF BIOLOGICAL MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID FEMTOSECOND LASER-PULSES; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; THERMAL-CONDUCTIVITY; SIMULATIONS; CARBON; HYDROCARBONS; ENRICHMENT; NANOTUBES; METALS; SCALES C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Wagner, GJ (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM gjwagne@sandia.gov RI Wagner, Gregory/I-4377-2015 NR 49 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, WEST SUSSEX, ENGLAND BN 978-1-118-35079-9 PY 2013 BP 3 EP 20 D2 10.1002/9781118402955 PG 18 WC Biophysics; Engineering, Biomedical SC Biophysics; Engineering GA BA5SB UT WOS:000336978900002 ER PT J AU Zhu, SJ Hamilton, JH Ramayya, AV Hwang, JK Chen, YJ Zhu, LY Li, HJ Xiao, ZG Yeoh, EY Wang, JG Luo, YX Liu, SH Rasmussen, JO Lee, IY AF Zhu, S. J. Hamilton, J. H. Ramayya, A. V. Hwang, J. K. Chen, Y. J. Zhu, L. Y. Li, H. J. Xiao, Z. G. Yeoh, E. Y. Wang, J. G. Luo, Y. X. Liu, S. H. Rasmussen, J. O. Lee, I. Y. BE Meng, J Shen, CW Zhao, EG Zhou, SG TI RESEARCH ON OCTUPOLE CORRELATIONS IN NEUTRON-RICH EVEN-EVEN Ce ISOTOPES SO NUCLEAR STRUCTURE IN CHINA 2012 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 14th National Conference on Nuclear Structure in China (NSC) CY APR 12-16, 2012 CL Hu Zhou Teachers Coll, Hu Zhou, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Chinese Nucl Phys Soc, Nucl Struct Sub Comm, China Ctr Adv Sci & Technol, Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Modern Phys, China Inst Atom Energy, Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Theoret Phys, Peking Univ, Beihang Univ, Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ HO Hu Zhou Teachers Coll DE nuclear structure; octupole correlations; neutron-rich Ce isotopes ID BARIUM ISOTOPES; NUCLEI; DEFORMATION; CONSEQUENCES; SHAPE; MASS; BAND AB The progress in experimental research on the octupole correlations in neutron-rich even-even Ce isotopes by our collaboration has been reviewed. The experiments were carried out by measuring the prompt gamma-rays in the spontaneous fission of Cf-252. The octupole correlations with s = +1 band structure in Ce-144,Ce-146,Ce-148,Ce-152 were identified or expanded. The s = +/- 1 double octuple band structure in Ce-148 was discovered. Systematic characteristics of the octupole correlations in these even-even Ce isotopes have been discussed. C1 [Zhu, S. J.; Chen, Y. J.; Zhu, L. Y.; Li, H. J.; Xiao, Z. G.; Yeoh, E. Y.; Wang, J. G.] Tsinghua Univ, Dept Phys, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. [Hamilton, J. H.; Ramayya, A. V.; Hwang, J. K.; Luo, Y. X.; Liu, S. H.] Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Phys, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. [Luo, Y. X.; Rasmussen, J. O.; Lee, I. Y.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Zhu, SJ (reprint author), Tsinghua Univ, Dept Phys, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. EM zhushj@mail.tsinghua.edu.cn; cyj@ciae.ac.cn; lihj11@mails.tsinghua.edu.cn; xiaozg@tsinghua.edu.cn; yeoheingyee@gmail.com; wangjg@impcas.ac.cn FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [11175095, 10975082]; Higher Education Science Foundation [2010000211007]; U. S. Department of Energy [DE-FG05-88ER40407, DE-AC03-76SF00098] FX The work at Tsinghua University was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grants No.11175095, 10975082, the Special Program of Higher Education Science Foundation under Grant No. 2010000211007. The work at Vanderbilt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, was supported, respectively, by U. S. Department of Energy under Grant and Contract No. DE-FG05-88ER40407, and DE-AC03-76SF00098. NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA PO BOX 128 FARRER RD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE BN 978-981-4447-47-8 PY 2013 BP 348 EP 356 PG 9 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA BA8II UT WOS:000338140500065 ER PT J AU Djurcic, Z AF Djurcic, Zelimir BE Studenikin, AI TI THE DAE delta ALUS EXPERIMENT SO PARTICLE PHYSICS AT THE TERCENTENARY OF MIKHAIL LOMONOSOV LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 15th Lomonosov Conference on Elementary Particle Physics CY AUG 18-24, 2011 CL Moscow State Univ, FAc Phys, Moscow, RUSSIA SP Russian Minist Educ & Sci, Russian Fdn Basic Res, Interreg Ctr Adv Studies, Rector Moscow State Univ Victor Sadovnichy HO Moscow State Univ, FAc Phys AB The DAE delta ALUS experiment follows a new approach to search for the CP-violation in the neutrino sector. It is envisioned to utilize multiple intense neutrino beams with energy up to 52.8 MeV from pion and muon decay-at-rest, near a very large water Cherenkov or a large liquid scintillator detector. Therefore, the experiment would search for (nu) over bar (mu) > (nu) over bar (e) oscillations at short baselines corresponding to the atmospheric Delta m(2) region. Such experiment would have much different systematics than, for example, proposed long baseline neutrino experiment (LBNE) using a beam from Fermi lab to DUSEL, and would rely on the recent and ongoing development of compact, superconducting cyclotron technology. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Djurcic, Z (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM zdjurcic@hep.anl.gov NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA PO BOX 128 FARRER RD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE BN 978-981-4436-82-3 PY 2013 BP 132 EP 137 PG 6 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BA8IL UT WOS:000338158800029 ER PT J AU Djurcic, Z AF Djurcic, Zelimir BE Studenikin, AI TI THE NO nu A EXPERIMENT SO PARTICLE PHYSICS AT THE TERCENTENARY OF MIKHAIL LOMONOSOV LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 15th Lomonosov Conference on Elementary Particle Physics CY AUG 18-24, 2011 CL Moscow State Univ, FAc Phys, Moscow, RUSSIA SP Russian Minist Educ & Sci, Russian Fdn Basic Res, Interreg Ctr Adv Studies, Rector Moscow State Univ Victor Sadovnichy HO Moscow State Univ, FAc Phys AB The NO nu A experiment is designed to search for a non-vanishing mixing angle theta(13) with unprecedented sensitivity and has the potential to resolve the neutrino mass hierarchy and constrain CP-violation phase. NO nu A will use two functionally identical detectors at near and far locations to eliminate sensitivity to modeling of neutrino flux and cross-sections. The near detector will measure neutrino rate to constrain backgrounds expected in the far detector which will search for appearance of electron neutrinos and/or anti-neutrinos using Fermi lab NuMI neutrino beam. The NO nu A prototype near detector on the surface started running at Fermi lab in October 2010 and registered its first neutrino interactions from the NuMI beam in December 2010. Current status of experiment is described. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Djurcic, Z (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM zdjurcic@hep.anl.gov NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA PO BOX 128 FARRER RD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE BN 978-981-4436-82-3 PY 2013 BP 138 EP 143 PG 6 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BA8IL UT WOS:000338158800030 ER PT J AU Huelsnitz, W AF Huelsnitz, Warren CA MiniBooNE Collaboration BE Studenikin, AI TI RESULTS AND IMPLICATIONS FROM MINIBOONE: NEUTRINO OSCILLATIONS SO PARTICLE PHYSICS AT THE TERCENTENARY OF MIKHAIL LOMONOSOV LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 15th Lomonosov Conference on Elementary Particle Physics CY AUG 18-24, 2011 CL Moscow State Univ, FAc Phys, Moscow, RUSSIA SP Russian Minist Educ & Sci, Russian Fdn Basic Res, Interreg Ctr Adv Studies, Rector Moscow State Univ Victor Sadovnichy HO Moscow State Univ, FAc Phys AB The MiniBooNE experiment at Fermi lab reported an excess of electron antineutrino-like events in a muon antineutrino beam, consistent with evidence for antineutrino oscillations in the 0.1 to 1.0 eV(2)Delta m(2) range from the Liquid Scintillator Neutrino Detector experiment at Los Alamos National Laboratory. Results from an updated (v) over bar (e) appearance analysis, based on 50% more data taken in antineutrino mode, will be discussed. Models involving sterile neutrinos have been proposed to explain these observations, with some models predicting large muon antineutrino disappearance. Joint analyses using data from the MiniBooNE and SciBooNE detectors to extend the sensitivity to muon neutrino and antineutrino disappearance will be discussed. C1 [Huelsnitz, Warren; MiniBooNE Collaboration] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Huelsnitz, W (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM whuelsn@fnal.gov NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA PO BOX 128 FARRER RD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE BN 978-981-4436-82-3 PY 2013 BP 149 EP 153 PG 5 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BA8IL UT WOS:000338158800032 ER PT J AU Aguayo, E Avignone, FT Back, HO Barabash, AS Beene, JR Bergevin, M Bertrand, FE Boswell, M Brudanin, V Busch, M Chan, YD Christofferson, CD Collar, JI Combs, DC Cooper, RJ Detwiler, JA Doe, PJ Efremenko, Y Egorov, V Ejiri, H Elliott, SR Esterline, J Fast, JE Fields, N Finnerty, P Fraenkle, FM Gehman, VM Giovanetti, GK Green, MP Guieppe, VE Gusey, K Hallin, AL Hazama, R Henning, R Hime, A Hoppe, EW Horton, M Howard, S Howe, MA Johnson, RA Keeter, KJ Keller, C Kidd, MF Knecht, A Kochetov, O Konovalov, SI Kouzes, RT LaFerriere, BD LaRoque, BH Leon, J Leviner, LE Loach, JC MacMullin, S Marino, MG Martin, RD Mei, DM Merriman, JH Miller, ML Mizouni, L Nomachi, M Orrell, JL Overman, NR Phillips, DG Poon, AWP Perumpilly, G Prior, G Radford, DC Rielage, K Robertson, RGH Ronquest, MG Schubert, AG Shima, T Shirchenko, M Snavely, KJ Steele, D Strain, J Thomas, K Timkin, V Tornow, W Vanyushin, I Varner, RL Vetter, K Vorren, K Wilkerson, JF Yakushev, E Young, AR Yu, CH Yumatov, VI Zhang, C AF Aguayo, E. Avignone, F. T., III Back, H. O. Barabash, A. S. Beene, J. R. Bergevin, M. Bertrand, F. E. Boswell, M. Brudanin, V. Busch, M. Chan, Y-D. Christofferson, C. D. Collar, J. I. Combs, D. C. Cooper, R. J. Detwiler, J. A. Doe, P. J. Efremenko, Yu. Egorov, V. Ejiri, H. Elliott, S. R. Esterline, J. Fast, J. E. Fields, N. Finnerty, P. Fraenkle, F. M. Gehman, V. M. Giovanetti, G. K. Green, M. P. Guieppe, V. E. Gusey, K. Hallin, A. L. Hazama, R. Henning, R. Hime, A. Hoppe, E. W. Horton, M. Howard, S. Howe, M. A. Johnson, R. A. Keeter, K. J. Keller, C. Kidd, M. F. Knecht, A. Kochetov, O. Konovalov, S. I. Kouzes, R. T. LaFerriere, B. D. LaRoque, B. H. Leon, J. Leviner, L. E. Loach, J. C. MacMullin, S. Marino, M. G. Martin, R. D. Mei, D. -M. Merriman, J. H. Miller, M. L. Mizouni, L. Nomachi, M. Orrell, J. L. Overman, N. R. Phillips, D. G., II Poon, A. W. P. Perumpilly, G. Prior, G. Radford, D. C. Rielage, K. Robertson, R. G. H. Ronquest, M. G. Schubert, A. G. Shima, T. Shirchenko, M. Snavely, K. J. Steele, D. Strain, J. Thomas, K. Timkin, V. Tornow, W. Vanyushin, I. Varner, R. L. Vetter, K. Vorren, K. Wilkerson, J. F. Yakushev, E. Young, A. R. Yu, C. -H. Yumatov, V. I. Zhang, C. BE Studenikin, AI TI THE MAJORANA DOUBLE BETA DECAY EXPERIMENT: PRESENT STATUS SO PARTICLE PHYSICS AT THE TERCENTENARY OF MIKHAIL LOMONOSOV LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 15th Lomonosov Conference on Elementary Particle Physics CY AUG 18-24, 2011 CL Moscow State Univ, FAc Phys, Moscow, RUSSIA SP Russian Minist Educ & Sci, Russian Fdn Basic Res, Interreg Ctr Adv Studies, Rector Moscow State Univ Victor Sadovnichy HO Moscow State Univ, FAc Phys ID GRAN-SASSO 1990-2003; DETECTOR; SEARCH; GE-76; ACQUISITION AB The Majorana collaboration is actively pursuing research and development aimed at a tonne-scale Ge-76 neutrinoless double-beta decay (0 nu beta beta) experiment. The current, primary focus is the construction of the Majorana Demonstrator experiment, an R&D effort that will field approximately 40 kg of germanium detectors with mixed enrichment levels. This article provides a status update on the construction of the Demonstrator. C1 [Aguayo, E.; Fast, J. E.; Hoppe, E. W.; Kouzes, R. T.; LaFerriere, B. D.; Merriman, J. H.; Mizouni, L.; Orrell, J. L.; Overman, N. R.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Aguayo, E (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM barabash@itep.ru RI radford, David/A-3928-2015; Barabash, Alexander/S-8851-2016; OI Marino, Michael/0000-0003-1226-6036; Green, Matthew/0000-0002-1958-8030 NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA PO BOX 128 FARRER RD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE BN 978-981-4436-82-3 PY 2013 BP 164 EP 168 PG 5 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BA8IL UT WOS:000338158800035 ER PT J AU Dubey, A Antypas, K Calder, A Fryxell, B Lamb, D Ricker, P Reid, L Riley, K Rosner, R Siegel, A Timmes, F Vladimirova, N Weide, K AF Dubey, Anshu Antypas, Katie Calder, Alan Fryxell, Bruce Lamb, Don Ricker, Paul Reid, Lynn Riley, Katherine Rosner, Robert Siegel, Andrew Timmes, Francis Vladimirova, Natalia Weide, Klaus GP IEEE TI The Software Development Process of FLASH, a Multiphysics Simulation Code SO 2013 5TH INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON SOFTWARE ENGINEERING FOR COMPUTATIONAL SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING (SE-CSE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Workshop on Software Engineering for Computational Science and Engineering (SE-CSE) CY MAY 18, 2013 CL San Francisco, CA DE FLASH code; community code; software evolution; adaptive mesh; case study ID ALGORITHMS; DIMENSIONS; FLOWS AB The FLASH code has evolved into a modular and extensible scientific simulation software system over the decade of its existence. During this time it has been cumulatively used by over a thousand researchers in several scientific communities (i.e. astrophysics, cosmology, high-energy density physics, turbulence, fluid-structure interactions) to obtain results for research. The code started its life as an amalgamation of two already existing software packages and sections of other codes developed independently by various participating members of the team for other purposes. In the evolution process it has undergone four major revisions, three of which involved a significant architectural advancement. A corresponding evolution of the software process and policies for maintenance occurred simultaneously. The code is currently in its 4.x release with a substantial user community. Recently there has been an upsurge in the contributions by external users; some provide significant new capability. This paper outlines the software development and evolution processes that have contributed to the success of the FLASH code. C1 [Dubey, Anshu; Lamb, Don; Rosner, Robert; Weide, Klaus] Univ Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Antypas, Katie] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Calder, Alan] SUNY Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. [Fryxell, Bruce] Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Ricker, Paul] Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Reid, Lynn] Univ Western Australia, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia. [Riley, Katherine; Siegel, Andrew] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Vladimirova, Natalia] Arizona State Univ, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. [Vladimirova, Natalia] Univ New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. RP Dubey, A (reprint author), Univ Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. OI Weide, Klaus/0000-0001-9869-9750 FU DOE-supported ASC / Alliance Center for Astrophysical Thermonuclear Flashes; University of Chicago [B523820] FX The authors would like to thank Jonathan Dursi and Mike Zingale for their efforts in making the FLASH code publicly available, and for their contributions to the code. Additionally, the authors want to acknowledge the code contributions from all internal and external users. The evolution of the FLASH code described in this paper was in part supported by the DOE-supported ASC / Alliance Center for Astrophysical Thermonuclear Flashes at the University of Chicago under grant B523820 NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4673-6261-0 PY 2013 BP 1 EP 8 PG 8 WC Computer Science, Software Engineering; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BA7YD UT WOS:000337895500001 ER PT J AU Nanthaamornphong, A Morris, K Rouson, DWI Michelsen, HA AF Nanthaamornphong, Aziz Morris, Karla Rouson, Damian W. I. Michelsen, Hope A. GP IEEE TI A Case Study: Agile Development in the Community Laser-Induced Incandescence Modeling Environment (CLiiME) SO 2013 5TH INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON SOFTWARE ENGINEERING FOR COMPUTATIONAL SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING (SE-CSE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Workshop on Software Engineering for Computational Science and Engineering (SE-CSE) CY MAY 18, 2013 CL San Francisco, CA DE agile development method; test driven development; computational software development; software engineering ID SOFTWARE-DEVELOPMENT AB The multidisciplinary requirements of current computational modeling problems preclude the development of scientific software that is maintained and used by selected scientists. The multidisciplinary nature of these efforts requires the development of large scale software projects established with a wide developer and user base in mind. This article describes some of the software-engineering practices adopted in a scientific-software application for a laser-induced incandescence community model. The project uses an Agile and Test-Driven Development approach to implement the infrastructure for the development of a collaborative model that is to be extended, modified, and used by different researchers. We discuss some of the software-engineering practices that can be exploited through the life of a project, starting with its inception when only a hand full of developers are contributing to the project and the mechanism we have put in place in order to allow the natural expansion of the model. C1 [Nanthaamornphong, Aziz] Univ Alabama, Dept Comp Sci, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA. [Morris, Karla; Rouson, Damian W. I.; Michelsen, Hope A.] Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Nanthaamornphong, A (reprint author), Univ Alabama, Dept Comp Sci, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA. EM ananthaamornphong@crimson.ua.edu; knmorri@sandia.gov; rouson@sandia.gov; hamiche@sandia.gov FU Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences; Office of Basic Energy Sciences; US Department of Energy; National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94-AL85000] FX This work was funded by the Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences, the Office of Basic Energy Sciences, the US Department of Energy. Sandia is a multi program laboratory operated by Sandia Corporation, a Lockheed Martin Company, for the National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE-AC04-94-AL85000 NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4673-6261-0 PY 2013 BP 9 EP 18 PG 10 WC Computer Science, Software Engineering; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BA7YD UT WOS:000337895500002 ER PT S AU Coble, JB Coles, GA Meyer, RM Ramuhalli, P AF Coble, Jamie B. Coles, Garill A. Meyer, Ryan M. Ramuhalli, Pradeep BE Zio, E Baraldi, P Pierucci, S Klemes, JJ TI Incorporating Equipment Condition Assessment in Risk Monitors for Advanced Small Modular Reactors SO 2013 PROGNOSTICS AND HEALTH MANAGEMENT CONFERENCE (PHM) SE Chemical Engineering Transactions LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 4th IEEE Conference on Prognostics and System Health Management (PHM) CY SEP 08-11, 2013 CL Milan, ITALY SP IEEE ID PROBABILISTIC SAFETY ASSESSMENT; NUCLEAR-POWER; RELIABILITY; FUTURE; SYSTEM AB Advanced small modular reactors (AdvSMRs) can complement the current fleet of large light-water reactors in the USA for baseload and peak demand power production and process heat applications (e.g., water desalination, shale oil extraction, hydrogen production). The day-to-day costs of AdvSMRs are expected to be dominated by operations and maintenance (O & M); however, the effect of diverse operating missions and unit modularity on O&M is not fully understood. These costs could potentially be reduced by optimized scheduling, with risk-informed scheduling of maintenance, repair, and replacement of equipment. Currently, most nuclear power plants (NPPs) have a "living" probabilistic risk assessment (PRA), which reflects the as-operated, as-modified plant and combine event probabilities with population-based probability of failure (POF) for key components. "Risk monitors" extend the PRA by incorporating the actual and dynamic plant configuration (equipment availability, operating regime, environmental conditions, etc.) into risk assessment. In fact, PRAs are more integrated into plant management in today's NPPs than at any other time in the history of nuclear power. However, population-based POF curves are still used to populate fault trees; this approach neglects the time-varying condition of equipment that is relied on during standard and non-standard configurations. Equipment condition monitoring techniques can be used to estimate the component POF. Incorporating this unit-specific estimate of POF in the risk monitor can provide a more accurate estimate of risk in different operating and maintenance configurations. This enhanced risk assessment will be especially important for AdvSMRs that have advanced component designs, which do not have an available operating history to draw from, and often use passive design features, which present challenges to PRA. This paper presents the requirements and technical gaps for developing a framework to integrate unit-specific estimates of POF into risk monitors, resulting in enhanced risk monitors that support optimized operation and maintenance of AdvSMRs. C1 [Coble, Jamie B.; Coles, Garill A.; Meyer, Ryan M.; Ramuhalli, Pradeep] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Coble, JB (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, 902 Battelle Blvd, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM jamie.coble@pnnl.gov OI Ramuhalli, Pradeep/0000-0001-6372-1743 NR 20 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AIDIC SERVIZI SRL PI MILANO PA VIA GIUSEPPE COLOMBO 81/A, MILANO, MI 20133, ITALY SN 1974-9791 BN 978-88-95608-24-2 J9 CHEM ENGINEER TRANS PY 2013 VL 33 BP 913 EP 918 DI 10.3303/CET1333153 PG 6 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Chemical SC Engineering GA BA8BZ UT WOS:000337960300151 ER PT J AU Freshley, M Dixon, P Black, P Robinson, B Stockton, T Moulton, JD Scheibe, T Seitz, R Gerdes, K Marble, J AF Freshley, Mark Dixon, Paul Black, Paul Robinson, Bruce Stockton, Tom Moulton, J. David Scheibe, Timothy Seitz, Roger Gerdes, Kurt Marble, Justin GP ASME TI ADVANCED SIMULATION CAPABILITY FOR ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT - CURRENT STATUS AND FUTURE APPLICATIONS SO ASME 2013 15TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ENVIRONMENTAL REMEDIATION AND RADIOACTIVE WASTE MANAGEMENT, VOL 1: LOW/INTERMEDIATE-LEVEL RADIOACTIVE WASTE MANAGEMENT; SPENT FUEL, FISSILE MATERIAL, TRANSURANIC AND HIGH-LEVEL RADIOACTIVE WASTE MANAGEMENT LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT ASME 15th International Conference on Environmental Remediation and Radioactive Waste Management CY SEP 08-12, 2013 CL Brussels, BELGIUM SP ASME, Nucl Engn Div, Environm Engn Div AB The U.S. Department of Energy (USDOE) Office of Environmental Management (EM), Office of Soil and Groundwater (EM-12), is supporting development of the Advanced Simulation Capability for Environmental Management (ASCEM). ASCEM is a state-of-the-art scientific tool and approach that is currently aimed at understanding and predicting contaminant fate and transport in natural and engineered systems. ASCEM is a modular and open source high-performance computing tool. It will be used to facilitate integrated approaches to modeling and site characterization, and provide robust and standardized assessments of performance and risk for EM cleanup and closure activities. The ASCEM project continues to make significant progress in development of capabilities, with current emphasis on integration of capabilities in FY12. Capability development is occurring for both the Platform and Integrated Toolsets and High-Performance Computing (HPC) multiprocess simulator. The Platform capabilities provide the user interface and tools for end-to-end model development, starting with definition of the conceptual model, management of data for model input, model calibration and uncertainty analysis, and processing of model output, including visualization. The HPC capabilities target increased functionality of process model representations, toolsets for interaction with Platform, and verification and model confidence testing. The integration of the Platform and HPC capabilities were tested and evaluated for EM applications in a set of demonstrations as part of Site Applications Thrust Area activities in 2012. The current maturity of the ASCEM computational and analysis capabilities has afforded the opportunity for collaborative efforts to develop decision analysis tools to support and optimize radioactive waste disposal. Recent advances in computerized decision analysis frameworks provide the perfect opportunity to bring this capability into ASCEM. This will allow radioactive waste disposal to be evaluated based on decision needs, such as disposal, closure, and maintenance. Decision models will be used in ASCEM to identify information/data needs, and model refinements that might be necessary to effectively reduce uncertainty in waste disposal decisions. Decision analysis models start with tools for framing the problem, and continue with modeling both the science side of the problem (for example, inventories, source terms, fate and transport, receptors, risk, etc.), and the cost side of the problem, which could include costs of implementation of any action that is chosen (e. g., for disposal or closure), and the values associated with those actions. The cost side of the decision problem covers economic, environmental and societal costs, which correspond to the three pillars of sustainability (economic, social, and environmental). These tools will facilitate stakeholder driven decision analysis to support optimal sustainable solutions in ASCEM. In this paper the current state of ASCEM is first described, followed by a description of the approach that will be taken to augment ASCEM for simulating fate and transport with tools that facilitate a top-down or systems level view of finding optimal, sustainable solutions to difficult environmental (including radioactive waste) problems. C1 [Freshley, Mark; Scheibe, Timothy] Pacific Northwest Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Dixon, Paul; Robinson, Bruce; Moulton, J. David] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA. [Black, Paul; Stockton, Tom] Neptune & Co Inc, Lakewood, CO USA. [Seitz, Roger] Savannah River Ecol Lab, Aiken, SC 29808 USA. [Gerdes, Kurt; Marble, Justin] US DOE, Washington, DC USA. RP Freshley, M (reprint author), Pacific Northwest Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 978-0-7918-5601-7 PY 2013 DI 10.1115/ICEM2013-96152 PG 10 WC Engineering, Environmental; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA BA7VZ UT WOS:000337804600083 ER PT J AU Giurgiutiu, V Torres, AEM AF Giurgiutiu, Victor Torres, Adrian E. Mendez GP ASME TI OPPORTUNITIES AND CHALLENGES FOR STRUCTURAL HEALTH MONITORING OF RADIOACTIVE WASTE SYSTEMS AND STRUCTURES SO ASME 2013 15TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ENVIRONMENTAL REMEDIATION AND RADIOACTIVE WASTE MANAGEMENT, VOL 1: LOW/INTERMEDIATE-LEVEL RADIOACTIVE WASTE MANAGEMENT; SPENT FUEL, FISSILE MATERIAL, TRANSURANIC AND HIGH-LEVEL RADIOACTIVE WASTE MANAGEMENT LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT ASME 15th International Conference on Environmental Remediation and Radioactive Waste Management CY SEP 08-12, 2013 CL Brussels, BELGIUM SP ASME, Nucl Engn Div, Environm Engn Div ID WAFER ACTIVE SENSORS; DAMAGE DETECTION; VIBRATION AB Radioactive waste systems and structures (RWSS) are safety-critical facilities in need of monitoring over prolonged periods of time. Structural health monitoring (SHM) is an emerging technology that aims at monitoring the state of a structure through the use of networks of permanently mounted sensors. SHM technologies have been developed primarily within the aerospace and civil engineering communities. This paper addresses the issue of transitioning the SHM concept to the monitoring of RWSS and evaluates the opportunities and challenges associated with this process. Guided wave SHM technologies utilizing structurally-mounted piezoelectric wafer active sensors (PWAS) have a wide range of applications based on both propagating-wave and standing-wave methodologies. Hence, opportunities exist for transitioning these SHM technologies into RWSS monitoring. However, there exist certain special operational conditions specific to RWSS such as: radiation field, caustic environments, marine environments, and chemical, mechanical and thermal stressors. In order to address the high discharge of used nuclear fuel (UNF) and the limited space in the storage pools the U. S. the Department of Energy (DOE) has adopted a "Strategy for the Management and Disposal of Used Nuclear Fuel and High-Level Radioactive Waste" (January 2013). This strategy endorses the key principles that underpin the Blue Ribbon Commission's on America's Nuclear Future recommendations to develop a sustainable program for deploying an integrated system capable of transporting, storing, and disposing of UNF and high-level radioactive waste from civilian nuclear power generation, defense, national security, and other activities. This will require research to develop monitoring, diagnosis, and prognosis tools that can aid to establish a strong technical basis for extended storage and transportation of UNF. Monitoring of such structures is critical for assuring the safety and security of the nation's spent nuclear fuel until a national policy for closure of the nuclear fuel cycle is defined and implemented. In addition, such tools can provide invaluable and timely information for verification of the predicted mechanical performance of RWSS (e. g. concrete or steel barriers) during off-normal occurrence and accident events such as the tsunami and earthquake event that affected Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant. The ability to verify the conditions, health, and degradation behavior of RWSS over time by applying nondestructive testing (NDT) as well as development of nondestructive evaluation (NDE) tools for new degradation processes will become challenging. The paper discusses some of the challenges associated to verification and diagnosis for RWSS and identifies SHM technologies which are more readily available for transitioning into RWSS applications. Fundamental research objectives that should be considered for the transition of SHM technologies (e. g., radiation hardened piezoelectric materials) for RWSS applications are discussed. The paper ends with summary, conclusions, and suggestions for further work. C1 [Giurgiutiu, Victor] Univ S Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. [Torres, Adrian E. Mendez] Savannah River Natl Lab, Aiken, SC 29808 USA. RP Giurgiutiu, V (reprint author), Univ S Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. EM victorg@sc.edu; Adrian.Mendez-Torres@srnl.doe.gov RI GIURGIUTIU, VICTOR/B-3137-2012 NR 41 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 978-0-7918-5601-7 PY 2013 DI 10.1115/ICEM2013-96195 PG 11 WC Engineering, Environmental; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA BA7VZ UT WOS:000337804600086 ER PT J AU Kruger, AA AF Kruger, Albert A. GP ASME TI ENHANCED HLW GLASS FORMULATIONS FOR THE WASTE TREATMENT & IMMOBILIZATION PLANT SO ASME 2013 15TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ENVIRONMENTAL REMEDIATION AND RADIOACTIVE WASTE MANAGEMENT, VOL 1: LOW/INTERMEDIATE-LEVEL RADIOACTIVE WASTE MANAGEMENT; SPENT FUEL, FISSILE MATERIAL, TRANSURANIC AND HIGH-LEVEL RADIOACTIVE WASTE MANAGEMENT LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT ASME 15th International Conference on Environmental Remediation and Radioactive Waste Management CY SEP 08-12, 2013 CL Brussels, BELGIUM SP ASME, Nucl Engn Div, Environm Engn Div AB Current estimates and glass formulation efforts are conservative vis-a-vis achievable waste loadings. These formulations have been specified to ensure that glasses are homogenous, contain essentially no crystalline phases, are processable in joule-heated, ceramic-lined melters and meet WTP Contract terms. The WTP's overall mission will require the immobilization of tank waste compositions that are dominated by mixtures of aluminum, chromium, bismuth, iron, phosphorous, zirconium, and sulfur compounds as waste-limiting components. Glass compositions for these waste mixtures have been developed based upon previous experience and current glass property models. DOE has a testing program to develop and characterize HLW glasses with higher waste loadings. This work has demonstrated the feasibility of increases in waste loading from 25 wt% to 33-50 wt% (based on oxide loading) in the glass depending on the waste stream. It is expected these higher waste loading glasses will reduce the HLW canister production requirement by 25% or more. C1 US DOE, DOE WTP Project Off, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Kruger, AA (reprint author), US DOE, DOE WTP Project Off, Richland, WA 99352 USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 978-0-7918-5601-7 PY 2013 DI 10.1115/ICEM2013-96028 PG 5 WC Engineering, Environmental; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA BA7VZ UT WOS:000337804600067 ER PT J AU Nutt, M Howard, R Busch, I Carter, J Delley, A Kalinina, E Hardin, E Cotton, T AF Nutt, Mark Howard, Robert Busch, Ingrid Carter, Joe Delley, Alexcia Kalinina, Elena Hardin, Ernest Cotton, Thomas GP ASME TI USED FUEL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE AND INTERFACE ANALYSES SO ASME 2013 15TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ENVIRONMENTAL REMEDIATION AND RADIOACTIVE WASTE MANAGEMENT, VOL 1: LOW/INTERMEDIATE-LEVEL RADIOACTIVE WASTE MANAGEMENT; SPENT FUEL, FISSILE MATERIAL, TRANSURANIC AND HIGH-LEVEL RADIOACTIVE WASTE MANAGEMENT LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT ASME 15th International Conference on Environmental Remediation and Radioactive Waste Management CY SEP 08-12, 2013 CL Brussels, BELGIUM SP ASME, Nucl Engn Div, Environm Engn Div AB Preliminary system-level analyses of the interfaces between at-reactor used fuel management, consolidated storage facilities, and disposal facilities, along with the development of supporting logistics simulation tools, have been initiated to provide the U. S. Department of Energy (DOE) and other stakeholders with information regarding the various alternatives for managing used nuclear fuel (UNF) generated by the current fleet of light water reactors operating in the United States. An important UNF management system interface consideration is the need for ultimate disposal of UNF assemblies contained in waste packages that are sized to be compatible with different geologic media. Thermal analyses indicate that waste package sizes for the geologic media under consideration by the Used Fuel Disposition Campaign may be significantly smaller than the canisters being used for on-site dry storage by the nuclear utilities. Therefore, at some point along the UNF disposition pathway, there could be a need to repackage fuel assemblies already loaded and being loaded into the dry storage canisters currently in use. The implications of where and when the packaging or repackaging of commercial UNF will occur are key questions being addressed in this evaluation. The analysis demonstrated that thermal considerations will have a major impact on the operation of the system and that acceptance priority, rates, and facility start dates have significant system implications. C1 [Nutt, Mark] Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Howard, Robert; Busch, Ingrid] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. [Carter, Joe; Delley, Alexcia] Sandia Natl Labs, Aiken, SC 29808 USA. [Kalinina, Elena; Hardin, Ernest] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87123 USA. [Cotton, Thomas] Complex Syst LLC, Washington, DC 20301 USA. RP Nutt, M (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. FU U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science laboratory [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX This manuscript has been created by UChicago Argonne, LLC, Operator of Argonne National Laboratory (Argonne). Argonne, a U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science laboratory, is operated under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. The U.S. Government retains for itself, and others acting on its behalf, a paid-up nonexclusive, irrevocable worldwide license in said article to reproduce, prepare derivative works, distribute copies to the public, and perform publicly and display publicly, by or on behalf of the Government. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 978-0-7918-5601-7 PY 2013 DI 10.1115/ICEM2013-96191 PG 8 WC Engineering, Environmental; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA BA7VZ UT WOS:000337804600085 ER PT J AU Nutt, M Swift, P Birkholzer, J Boyle, W Gunter, T Larson, N MacKinnon, R McMahon, K Sorenson, K AF Nutt, Mark Swift, Peter Birkholzer, Jens Boyle, William Gunter, Timothy Larson, Ned MacKinnon, Robert McMahon, Kevin Sorenson, Ken GP ASME TI OVERVIEW OF THE UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY'S USED FUEL DISPOSITION RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CAMPAIGN SO ASME 2013 15TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ENVIRONMENTAL REMEDIATION AND RADIOACTIVE WASTE MANAGEMENT, VOL 1: LOW/INTERMEDIATE-LEVEL RADIOACTIVE WASTE MANAGEMENT; SPENT FUEL, FISSILE MATERIAL, TRANSURANIC AND HIGH-LEVEL RADIOACTIVE WASTE MANAGEMENT LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT ASME 15th International Conference on Environmental Remediation and Radioactive Waste Management CY SEP 08-12, 2013 CL Brussels, BELGIUM SP ASME, Nucl Engn Div, Environm Engn Div AB The United States Department of Energy (US DOE) is conducting research and development (R&D) activities within the Used Fuel Disposition Campaign (UFDC) to support storage, transportation, and disposal of used nuclear fuel (UNF) and wastes generated by existing and future nuclear fuel cycles. R&D activities are ongoing at nine national laboratories, and are divided into two major topical areas: (1) storage and transportation research, and (2) disposal research. Storage R&D focuses on closing technical gaps related to extended storage of UNF. For example, uncertainties remain regarding high-burnup nuclear fuel cladding performance following possible hydride reorientation and creep deformation, and also regarding long-term canister integrity. Transportation R&D focuses on ensuring transportability of UNF following extended storage, addressing data gaps regarding nuclear fuel integrity, retrievability, and demonstration of subcriticality. Disposal R&D focuses on identifying multiple viable geologic disposal options and addressing technical challenges for generic disposal concepts in various host media (e. g., mined repositories in salt, clay/shale, and granitic rocks, and deep borehole disposal in crystalline rock). R&D will transition to site-specific challenges as national policy advances. R&D goals at this stage are to increase confidence in the robustness of generic disposal concepts, to reduce generic sources of uncertainty that may impact the viability of disposal concepts, and to develop science and engineering tools that will support the selection, characterization, and ultimately licensing of a repository. The US DOE has also initiated activities that can be conducted within the constraints of the Nuclear Waste Policy Act to facilitate the development of an interim storage facility and supporting transportation infrastructure. C1 [Nutt, Mark] Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Swift, Peter; MacKinnon, Robert; McMahon, Kevin; Sorenson, Ken] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Birkholzer, Jens] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Boyle, William; Gunter, Timothy; Larson, Ned] US DOE, Las Vegas, NV USA. RP Nutt, M (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RI Birkholzer, Jens/C-6783-2011 OI Birkholzer, Jens/0000-0002-7989-1912 NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 978-0-7918-5601-7 PY 2013 DI 10.1115/ICEM2013-96190 PG 8 WC Engineering, Environmental; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA BA7VZ UT WOS:000337804600084 ER PT J AU Rechard, RP Lee, J Sutton, M Greenberg, HR Robinson, BA Nutt, WM AF Rechard, Rob P. Lee, Joon Sutton, Mark Greenberg, Harris R. Robinson, Bruce A. Nutt, W. Mark GP ASME TI Impact of Advanced Fuel Cycles on Uncertainty Associated With Geologic Repositories SO ASME 2013 15TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ENVIRONMENTAL REMEDIATION AND RADIOACTIVE WASTE MANAGEMENT, VOL 1: LOW/INTERMEDIATE-LEVEL RADIOACTIVE WASTE MANAGEMENT; SPENT FUEL, FISSILE MATERIAL, TRANSURANIC AND HIGH-LEVEL RADIOACTIVE WASTE MANAGEMENT LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT ASME 15th International Conference on Environmental Remediation and Radioactive Waste Management CY SEP 08-12, 2013 CL Brussels, BELGIUM SP ASME, Nucl Engn Div, Environm Engn Div ID 1996 PERFORMANCE ASSESSMENT; ISOLATION PILOT-PLANT; PROBABILITY-DISTRIBUTIONS; ASSIGNMENT; PARAMETERS AB This paper provides a qualitative evaluation of the impact of advanced fuel cycles, particularly partition and transmutation of actinides, on the uncertainty associated with geologic disposal. Based on the discussion, advanced fuel cycles, will not materially alter (1) the repository performance, (2) the spread in dose results around the mean, (3) the modeling effort to include significant features, events, and processes in the performance assessment, or (4) the characterization of uncertainty associated with a geologic disposal system in the regulatory environment of the United States. C1 [Rechard, Rob P.; Lee, Joon] Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Sutton, Mark; Greenberg, Harris R.] LLNL, Livermore, CA USA. [Robinson, Bruce A.] LANL, Los Alamos, NM USA. [Nutt, W. Mark] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Rechard, RP (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 978-0-7918-5601-7 PY 2013 DI 10.1115/ICEM2013-96211 PG 10 WC Engineering, Environmental; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA BA7VZ UT WOS:000337804600087 ER PT J AU Elmetti, RR Han, AM Roach, JA AF Elmetti, Rosa R. Han, Ana M. Roach, Jay A. GP ASME TI THE US DOE EM INTERNATIONAL PROGRAM' SO ASME 2013 15TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ENVIRONMENTAL REMEDIATION AND RADIOACTIVE WASTE MANAGEMENT, VOL 2: FACILITY DECONTAMINATION AND DECOMMISSIONING; ENVIRONMENTAL REMEDIATION; ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT/PUBLIC INVOLVEMENT/CROSSCUTTING ISSUES/GLOBAL PARTNERING LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT ASME 15th International Conference on Environmental Remediation and Radioactive Waste Management CY SEP 08-12, 2013 CL Brussels, BELGIUM SP ASME, Nucl Engn Div, Environm Engn Div AB The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Environmental Management (EM) conducts international collaboration activities in support of U.S. policies and objectives regarding the accelerated risk reduction and remediation of environmental legacy of the nations' nuclear weapons program and government sponsored nuclear energy research. The EM International Program supported out of the EM Office of the Associate Principal Deputy Assistant Secretary pursues collaborations with foreign government organizations, educational institutions and private industry to assist in identifying technologies and promote international collaborations that leverage resources and link international experience and expertise. In fiscal year (FY) 2012, the International Program awarded eight international collaborative projects for work scope spanning waste processing, groundwater and soil remediation, deactivation and decommissioning (D&D) and nuclear materials disposition initiatives to seven foreign organizations. Additionally, the International Program's scope and collaboration opportunities were expanded to include technical as well as non-technical areas. This paper will present an overview of the on-going tasks awarded in FY 2012 and an update of upcoming international activities and opportunities for expansion into the remainder of FY 2013 and beyond. C1 [Elmetti, Rosa R.; Han, Ana M.] US DOE, Washington, DC 20585 USA. [Roach, Jay A.] Nexergy Tech LLC, Falls Church, VA USA. RP Elmetti, RR (reprint author), US DOE, Washington, DC 20585 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 978-0-7918-5602-4 PY 2013 DI 10.1115/ICEM2013-96076 PG 9 WC Engineering, Environmental; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA BA7WC UT WOS:000337805400081 ER PT J AU Sweeney, L Mazur, RE Edelson, M AF Sweeney, Laura Mazur, Robert E. Edelson, Martin GP ASME TI ROCKY FLATS CLOSURE PROJECT - LESSONS LEARNED IN WORKER STAKEHOLDER ENGAGEMENT SO ASME 2013 15TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ENVIRONMENTAL REMEDIATION AND RADIOACTIVE WASTE MANAGEMENT, VOL 2: FACILITY DECONTAMINATION AND DECOMMISSIONING; ENVIRONMENTAL REMEDIATION; ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT/PUBLIC INVOLVEMENT/CROSSCUTTING ISSUES/GLOBAL PARTNERING LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT ASME 15th International Conference on Environmental Remediation and Radioactive Waste Management CY SEP 08-12, 2013 CL Brussels, BELGIUM SP ASME, Nucl Engn Div, Environm Engn Div ID RISK AB The Rocky Flats Environmental Technology Site (EPA Superfund site near Denver, Colorado) produced plutonium components for nuclear weapons for the U.S. defense program. The facility shut down in 1989 and clean up began in 1992. To ensure safe remediation of inactive nuclear sites, site owners have begun to consult stakeholders more widely in recent years. The closure of Rocky Flats aimed to set the standard for stakeholder involvement in doing the work safely, complying with regulations/standards, in a cost-effective manner. We have studied, using ethnographic methods, the extent to which workers at Rocky Flats were involved in communication and decision making strategies. Our results point out that workers can have perceptions of the site remediation process that differ from management and even other workers and that a significant number of workers questioned the commitment by management to engage the worker as stakeholder. The most effective remediation efforts should involve careful consideration of the insights and observations of all workers, particularly those who face immediate and high-level health and safety risks. C1 [Sweeney, Laura] Des Moines Area Community Coll, Ankeny, IA 50023 USA. [Mazur, Robert E.] Iowa State Univ, Ames, IA USA. [Edelson, Martin] Ames Lab, USDOE, Ames, IA USA. RP Sweeney, L (reprint author), Des Moines Area Community Coll, Ankeny, IA 50023 USA. FU Iowa State Institute of Science and Society; US Department of Energy Center for Risk Excellence; Iowa State University Department of Sociology FX The authors acknowledge financial support from the Iowa State Institute of Science and Society (2002 2003), US Department of Energy Center for Risk Excellence, and the Iowa State University Department of Sociology. The authors also thank the Rocky Flats Local 8031 Steelworker Union staff and Kaiser-Hill and local US Department of Energy staff for facilitating an on-site visit. NR 25 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 978-0-7918-5602-4 PY 2013 DI 10.1115/ICEM2013-96327 PG 8 WC Engineering, Environmental; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA BA7WC UT WOS:000337805400089 ER PT J AU Truex, MJ Bunn, AL Oostrom, M Carroll, KC Wellman, DM AF Truex, Michael J. Bunn, Amoret L. Oostrom, Mart Carroll, K. C. Wellman, Dawn M. GP ASME TI INTEGRATED SYSTEMS-BASED APPROACH TO MONITORING ENVIRONMENTAL REMEDIATION SO ASME 2013 15TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ENVIRONMENTAL REMEDIATION AND RADIOACTIVE WASTE MANAGEMENT, VOL 2: FACILITY DECONTAMINATION AND DECOMMISSIONING; ENVIRONMENTAL REMEDIATION; ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT/PUBLIC INVOLVEMENT/CROSSCUTTING ISSUES/GLOBAL PARTNERING LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT ASME 15th International Conference on Environmental Remediation and Radioactive Waste Management CY SEP 08-12, 2013 CL Brussels, BELGIUM SP ASME, Nucl Engn Div, Environm Engn Div AB The U. S. Department of Energy is responsible for risk reduction and cleanup of its nuclear weapons complex. Remediation strategies for some of the contamination may include techniques that mitigate risk, but leave contaminants in place. Monitoring to verify remedy performance and long-term mitigation of risk is key to implementing these strategies and can be a large portion of the total cost of remedy implementation. Especially in these situations, there is a need for innovative monitoring approaches that move away from the cost- and labor-intensive point-source monitoring. In this paper, alternative approaches for monitoring are presented for vadose zone, groundwater, groundwater/surface water interface, and surface water. To illustrate integrated, systems-based monitoring, this paper focuses on vadose zone contaminant remediation to mitigate impact to groundwater. In this context, vadose zone contamination is a source, or potential source, to groundwater plumes. The monitoring design uses a systems-based approach focused on developing a conceptual site model that highlights key features that control contaminant flux to groundwater. These features are derived considering the unsaturated flow and contaminant transport processes in the vadose zone and the nature of the waste discharge. Diagnostic properties and/or parameters related to both short- and long-term contaminant flux to groundwater can be identified and targeted for monitoring. The resolution of monitoring data needed to correspond to a functionally useful indicator of flux to groundwater can be estimated using quantitative analyses and the associated unsaturated flow properties relevant to the targeted site and vadose zone features. This monitoring design approach follows the process of developing a quantitative conceptual model suitable for supporting projections of future flux to groundwater. Support for such projections is important because it is likely that, in many cases, remediation decisions for the vadose zone will need to be made based all or in part on projected impacts to groundwater, and monitoring will then be applied to verify that remedy goals are being met. C1 [Truex, Michael J.; Bunn, Amoret L.; Oostrom, Mart; Wellman, Dawn M.] Pacific Northwest Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Carroll, K. C.] New Mexico State Univ, Las Cruces, NM USA. RP Truex, MJ (reprint author), Pacific Northwest Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. FU U.S. Department of Energy Office of Environmental Management; Richland Operations Office; Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory; United States Department of Energy [DE-AC06- 76RLO1830] FX A portion of the funds for this effort was provided by the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Environmental Management and the Richland Operations Office. Additional funding was provided through the Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, which is operated by Battelle for the United States Department of Energy under contract DE-AC06- 76RLO1830. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 978-0-7918-5602-4 PY 2013 DI 10.1115/ICEM2013-96010 PG 8 WC Engineering, Environmental; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA BA7WC UT WOS:000337805400051 ER PT J AU Tsai, HC Liu, YY Shuler, J AF Tsai, Hanchung Liu, Yung Y. Shuler, James GP ASME TI MONITORING CRITICAL FACILITIES BY USING ADVANCED RF DEVICES SO ASME 2013 15TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ENVIRONMENTAL REMEDIATION AND RADIOACTIVE WASTE MANAGEMENT, VOL 2: FACILITY DECONTAMINATION AND DECOMMISSIONING; ENVIRONMENTAL REMEDIATION; ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT/PUBLIC INVOLVEMENT/CROSSCUTTING ISSUES/GLOBAL PARTNERING LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT ASME 15th International Conference on Environmental Remediation and Radioactive Waste Management CY SEP 08-12, 2013 CL Brussels, BELGIUM SP ASME, Nucl Engn Div, Environm Engn Div AB The ability to monitor critical environment parameters of nuclear plants at all times, particularly during and after a disruptive accident, is vital for the safety of plant personnel, rescue and recovery crews, and the surrounding communities. Conventional hard-wired assets that depend on supplied power may be decimated as a result of such events, as witnessed in the Japanese Fukushima nuclear power plant in March 2011. Self-powered monitoring devices operating on a wireless platform, on the other hand, may survive such calamity and remain functional. The devices would be prepositioned at strategic locations, particularly where the dangerous build-up of contamination and radiation may preclude subsequent manned entrance and surveillance. Equipped with sensors for beta-gamma radiation, neutrons, hydrogen gas, temperature, humidity, pressure, and water level, as well as with criticality alarms and imaging equipment for heat, video, and other capabilities, these devices can provide vital surveillance information for assessing the extent of plant damage, mandating responses (e.g., evacuation before impending hydrogen explosion), and enabling overall safe and efficient recovery in a disaster. A radio frequency identification (RFID)-based system called ARG-US - may be modified and adapted for this task. Developed by Argonne for DOE, ARG-US (meaning "watchful guardian") has been used successfully to monitor and track sensitive nuclear materials packages at DOE sites. It utilizes sensors in the tags to continuously monitor the state of health of the packaging and promptly disseminates alarms to authorized users when any of the preset sensor thresholds is violated. By adding plant-specific monitoring sensors to the already strong sensor suite and adopting modular hardware, firmware, and software subsystems that are tailored for specific subsystems of a plant, a Remote Area Modular Monitoring (RAMM) system, built on a wireless sensor network (WSN) platform, is being developed by Argonne National Laboratory. ARG-US RAMM, powered by on-board battery, can sustain extended autonomous surveillance operation during and following an incident. The benefits could be invaluable to such critical facilities as nuclear power plants, research and test reactors, fuel cycle manufacturing centers, spent-fuel dry-cask storage facilities, and other nuclear installations. C1 [Tsai, Hanchung; Liu, Yung Y.] Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Shuler, James] US DOE, Washington, DC USA. RP Tsai, HC (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; DOE-EM FX This work is supported by the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. The authors wish to acknowledge the excellent leadership and strong support provided by DOE-EM for this project. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 978-0-7918-5602-4 PY 2013 DI 10.1115/ICEM2013-96032 PG 7 WC Engineering, Environmental; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA BA7WC UT WOS:000337805400078 ER PT J AU Wellman, DM Freshley, MD Truex, MJ Lee, MH AF Wellman, D. M. Freshley, M. D. Truex, M. J. Lee, M. H. GP ASME TI DEEP VADOSE ZONE REMEDIATION: TECHNICAL AND POLICY CHALLENGES, OPPORTUNITIES, AND PROGRESS IN ACHIEVING CLEANUP ENDPOINTS SO ASME 2013 15TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ENVIRONMENTAL REMEDIATION AND RADIOACTIVE WASTE MANAGEMENT, VOL 2: FACILITY DECONTAMINATION AND DECOMMISSIONING; ENVIRONMENTAL REMEDIATION; ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT/PUBLIC INVOLVEMENT/CROSSCUTTING ISSUES/GLOBAL PARTNERING LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT ASME 15th International Conference on Environmental Remediation and Radioactive Waste Management CY SEP 08-12, 2013 CL Brussels, BELGIUM SP ASME, Nucl Engn Div, Environm Engn Div AB Current requirements for site remediation and closure are standards-based and are often overly conservative, costly, and in some cases, technically impractical. Use of risk-informed alternate endpoints provides a means to achieve remediation goals that are permitted by regulations and are protective of human health and the environment. Alternate endpoints enable the establishment of a path for cleanup that may include intermediate remedial milestones and transition points and/or regulatory alternatives to standards-based remediation. A framework is presented that is centered around developing and refining conceptual models in conjunction with assessing risks and potential endpoints as part of a system-based assessment that integrates site data with scientific understanding of processes that control the distribution and transport of contaminants in the subsurface and pathways to receptors. This system-based assessment and subsequent implementation of the remediation strategy with appropriate monitoring are targeted at providing a holistic approach to addressing risks to human health and the environment. This holistic approach also enables effective predictive analysis of contaminant behavior to provide defensible criteria and data for making long-term decisions. Developing and implementing an alternate endpoint-based approach for remediation and waste site closure presents a number of challenges and opportunities. Categories of these challenges include scientific and technical, regulatory, institutional, and budget and resource allocation issues. Opportunities exist for developing and implementing systems-based approaches with respect to supportive characterization, monitoring, predictive modeling, and remediation approaches. C1 [Wellman, D. M.; Freshley, M. D.; Truex, M. J.; Lee, M. H.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Wellman, DM (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. NR 22 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 978-0-7918-5602-4 PY 2013 DI 10.1115/ICEM2013-96011 PG 9 WC Engineering, Environmental; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA BA7WC UT WOS:000337805400052 ER PT J AU Posner, AJ O'Sullivan, K Murphy, J AF Posner, Ari J. O'Sullivan, Keith Murphy, Jimmy TI Economic and Environmental Impact Appraisal of Commercial Scale Offshore Renewable Energy Installations on the west coast of Ireland SO JOURNAL OF COASTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Coastal Symposium (ICS) CY APR 08-12, 2013 CL Plymouth, ENGLAND DE Wave energy; wake effects; coastal impacts; wave field; cost of energy AB This study investigates the feasibility of installing a 250MW commercial scale marine energy park (wind and wave energy), both in terms of economics and environmental impacts, off the Belmullet coastline in Co. Mayo, Ireland. This site corresponds to the Atlantic Marine Energy Test Site (AMETS) where an environmental impact assessment has been carried out previously. A probabilistic economic model for the evaluation of wind and wave hybrid designs has been developed and is used in this study. This life cycle cost analysis (LCCA) uses discount rates suggested by industry and investigates the variation in the levelised cost of energy (LCoE) for various farm arrangements. A study using numerical wave modelling software has been undertaken to determine the modification to the wave field and thus the subsequent effects on sediment transport processes and shoreline evolution on the Mayo coast with the aim of optimising the arrangement of the marine energy park with respect to LCoE and environmental impacts. This methodology is a significant advancement in studies of the optimisation of wave farm arrangements. The methodology firstly consists of a capital expenditure model for pricing the farm infrastructure, secondly, a hydrodynamic analysis of the offshore wave conditions incident on the farm of devices is performed and the wave height incident on each device is passed as an input to the energy yield model, which is coupled with an operations and maintenance model. A financial calculator, which employs discounted cash-flow techniques, is employed to calculate the LCoE. This study demonstrates that there is an optimum arrangement for a renewable energy farm of wave energy converters (WEC), and that the addition of wind turbines can significantly alter this optimum arrangement. C1 [Posner, Ari J.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87123 USA. [O'Sullivan, Keith; Murphy, Jimmy] Natl Univ Ireland Univ Coll Cork, Hydraul & Maritime Res Ctr, Cork, Ireland. RP Posner, AJ (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87123 USA. EM ari.posner@gmail.com; k.p.a.osullivan@umail.ucc.ie; jimmy.murphy@ucc.ie NR 22 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 5 U2 26 PU COASTAL EDUCATION & RESEARCH FOUNDATION PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH STREET, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 0749-0208 EI 1551-5036 J9 J COASTAL RES JI J. Coast. Res. PY 2013 SI 65 BP 1639 EP 1644 DI 10.2112/SI65-277.1 PN 2 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences; Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography; Geology GA AJ8ZC UT WOS:000337995600095 ER PT S AU Zhang, L Liu, F Brinkman, K Virkar, AV AF Zhang, Lei Liu, Feng Brinkman, Kyle Virkar, Anil V. BE Gur, TM Traversa, E Yamaguchi, S Wachsman, ED Kilner, JA TI Investigation of Gadolinia-Doped Ceria (GDC) Electrolyte by Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy SO SOLID STATE IONIC DEVICES 9 - ION CONDUCTING THIN FILMS AND MULTILAYERS SE ECS Transactions LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 9th Solid State Ionic Devices Symposium, at the 222nd Meeting of the Electrochemical-Society CY OCT 07-12, 2012 CL Honolulu, HI SP Electrochem Soc, High Temp Mat Div ID OXIDE FUEL-CELLS; PERFORMANCE; CATHODES; ZIRCONIA AB Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) is widely used in the study of aqueous and solid state electrochemistry. Information such as sample conductivity and electrode effects can be studied by varying the frequency. Despite extensive use of EIS, two issues regarding the measurement and interpretation warrant discussion. They concern the high frequency inductive load and the use of constant phase element (CPE) for data fitting. The experimental work was conducted on polycrystalline gadolinia-doped ceria. In this work, subtracting lead impedance is shown to be an effective way to recover semi-circular behavior at high frequency, representative of grain boundary effects. The present work shows that in many instances for data interpretation, pure capacitance may be used in the equivalent circuit, instead of the often used CPE. The significance is that fitting can be achieved using one parameter rather than two needed for CPE. C1 [Zhang, Lei; Liu, Feng; Virkar, Anil V.] Univ Utah, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. [Brinkman, Kyle] Savannah River Ecol Lab, Aiken, SC 29808 USA. RP Zhang, L (reprint author), Univ Utah, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. OI Brinkman, Kyle/0000-0002-2219-1253 FU US Department of Energy under its Energy Frontier Research Centers (EFRC) [DE-SC0001061]; Savannah River National Lab [AC72315-O] FX This work was supported by the US Department of Energy under its Energy Frontier Research Centers (EFRC) program under Grant Number DE-SC0001061 as a flow-through from the University of South Carolina, HeteroFoam Center. Part of this work was also supported by Savannah River National Lab under subcontract number AC72315-O. NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 S MAIN ST, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534-2839 USA SN 1938-5862 BN 978-1-60768-415-2 J9 ECS TRANSACTIONS PY 2013 VL 50 IS 27 BP 23 EP 33 DI 10.1149/05027.0023ecst PG 11 WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Coatings & Films SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science GA BA8EX UT WOS:000338031700003 ER PT S AU Chang, KC Ingram, B Hopper, M Ilavsky, J You, H AF Chang, Kee-Chul Ingram, Brian Hopper, Mitch Ilavsky, Jan You, Hoydoo BE Gur, TM Traversa, E Yamaguchi, S Wachsman, ED Kilner, JA TI Ultra Small Angle X-ray Scattering Studies of Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Cathode Powders SO SOLID STATE IONIC DEVICES 9 - ION CONDUCTING THIN FILMS AND MULTILAYERS SE ECS Transactions LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 9th Solid State Ionic Devices Symposium, at the 222nd Meeting of the Electrochemical-Society CY OCT 07-12, 2012 CL Honolulu, HI SP Electrochem Soc, High Temp Mat Div ID ANODE AB We demonstrate the feasibility of using Ultra Small Angle X-ray scattering to study cathode structures in solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC) under operating conditions. Cathode thickness has been optimized and test symmetric SOFC structures have been characterized. We also demonstrate that we can following the evolution of microstructure on a LSCF infiltrated YSZ backbone structure under annealing conditioning, showing the viability of characterizing multi-scale cathode structures in real time. C1 [Chang, Kee-Chul; You, Hoydoo] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Ingram, Brian; Hopper, Mitch] Argonne Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Engn Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Ilavsky, Jan] Argonne Natl Lab, Xray Sci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Chang, KC (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RI Chang, Kee-Chul/O-9938-2014; You, Hoydoo/A-6201-2011 OI Chang, Kee-Chul/0000-0003-1775-2148; You, Hoydoo/0000-0003-2996-9483 FU U.S. Department of Energy (DOE); Solid State Energy Conversion Alliance (SECA); National Science Foundation/DOE [NSF/CHE-0822838]; DOE, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Solid State Energy Conversion Alliance (SECA). ChemMatCARS Sector 15 is principally supported by the National Science Foundation/DOE under grant number NSF/CHE-0822838. Use of the Advanced Photon Source was supported by the DOE, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. We acknowledge the contribution of Mia Davis, a summer student under B.I., in fabricating the infiltrated samples. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 6 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 S MAIN ST, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534-2839 USA SN 1938-5862 BN 978-1-60768-415-2 J9 ECS TRANSACTIONS PY 2013 VL 50 IS 27 BP 111 EP 115 DI 10.1149/05027.0111ecst PG 5 WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Coatings & Films SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science GA BA8EX UT WOS:000338031700011 ER PT J AU Ma, ZF Vogt, S Gleber, SC Liu, P AF Ma, Zhu-feng Vogt, Stefan Gleber, Sophie C. Liu, Ping BE Purshotaman, E TI Study on the Role of Iron in Migration of Human Breast Cancer Cells SO INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON BIOLOGICAL, MEDICAL AND CHEMICAL ENGINEERING (BMCE 2013) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Biological, Medical and Chemical Engineering (BMCE) CY DEC 01-02, 2013 CL Hong Kong, PEOPLES R CHINA DE Iron; Migration; DFO; Human breast cancer cell; SRXF ID EPITHELIAL-MESENCHYMAL TRANSITION; TGF-BETA AB In this study, the relationship between iron and migration in human breast cancer MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 cells was studied. Iron chelator deferoxamine (DFO) was used to disturb iron homeostasis. To directly observe intracellular iron concentration, synchrotron radiation X-ray fluorescence elemental mapping was used. Correspondingly, the expression of some related proteins was analyzed using western blot and immunofluorescence staining. Our results showed that after DFO treatment, iron concentration was increased in MDA-MB-231cells, while decreased in MCF-7 cells. With the change of intracellular iron concentration after DFO treatment, the migration of MDA-MB-231 cells was enhanced, while no significant effect was found in MCF-7 cells. Our study suggested that high invasive breast cancer cells have stronger capacity for capturing iron than low invasive ones, especially in iron starvation state, and the increased intracellular iron promotes cancer cells migration by enhancing TGF-beta signaling pathway. C1 [Liu, Ping] Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ, Med X Res Inst, Shanghai 200030, Peoples R China. [Ma, Zhu-feng; Liu, Ping] Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ, Sch Biomed Engn, Shanghai, Peoples R China. [Vogt, Stefan; Gleber, Sophie C.] Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Liu, P (reprint author), Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ, Med X Res Inst, Shanghai 200030, Peoples R China. EM ma_zhu_feng@126.com; pingliu@sjtu.edu.cn FU National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program [2010CB834303]; National Natural Science Foundation of China [11DZ2211000] FX This research was performed at Advanced Photon Source (APS) in U.S.A. and supported by The National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program 2010CB834303), National Natural Science Foundation of China (11DZ2211000). NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU DESTECH PUBLICATIONS, INC PI LANCASTER PA 439 DUKE STREET, LANCASTER, PA 17602-4967 USA BN 978-1-60595-144-7 PY 2013 BP 46 EP 51 PG 6 WC Engineering, Biomedical; Engineering, Chemical SC Engineering GA BA7EP UT WOS:000337501800009 ER PT B AU Smith, MS AF Smith, Marshall S. BE Smith, ML Reilly, KMA TI Open Educational Resources: Opportunities and Challenges for the Developing World SO OPEN DEVELOPMENT: NETWORKED INNOVATIONS IN INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Smith, Marshall S.] US DOE, Washington, DC 20585 USA. [Smith, Marshall S.] Stanford Univ, Sch Educ, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MIT PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA FIVE CAMBRIDGE CENTER, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02142 USA BN 978-0-262-31960-7; 978-0-262-52541-1 PY 2013 BP 129 EP 170 PG 42 WC Planning & Development; Social Sciences, Interdisciplinary SC Public Administration; Social Sciences - Other Topics GA BA3MH UT WOS:000334358700008 ER PT S AU Lee, W Ojovan, M Jantzen, CM AF Lee, William (Bill) Ojovan, Michael Jantzen, Carol M. BE Lee, WE Ojovan, MI Jantzen, CM TI Radioactive waste management and contaminated site clean-up Processes, technologies and international experience Preface SO RADIOACTIVE WASTE MANAGEMENT AND CONTAMINATED SITE CLEAN-UP: PROCESSES, TECHNOLOGIES AND INTERNATIONAL EXPERIENCE SE Woodhead Publishing Series in Energy LA English DT Editorial Material; Book Chapter C1 [Lee, William (Bill)] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Dept Mat, London SW7 2AZ, England. [Lee, William (Bill)] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Ctr Nucl Engn, London SW7 2AZ, England. [Ojovan, Michael] IAEA, Dept Nucl Energy, Vienna Int Ctr, A-1400 Vienna, Austria. [Jantzen, Carol M.] Savannah River Natl Lab, Aiken, SC 29808 USA. RP Lee, W (reprint author), Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Dept Mat, London SW7 2AZ, England. EM w.e.lee@imperial.ac.uk; m.ojovan@iaea.org; carol.jantzen@srnl.doe.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WOODHEAD PUBL LTD PI CAMBRIDGE PA ABINGTON HALL ABINGTON, CAMBRIDGE CB1 6AH, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 2044-9364 BN 978-0-85709-744-6; 978-0-85709-435-3 J9 WOODHEAD PUBL SER EN PY 2013 IS 48 BP XXXI EP XXXII D2 10.1533/9780857097446 PG 2 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Nuclear Science & Technology GA BA4PO UT WOS:000336100300002 ER PT S AU Nash, KL Lumetta, GJ Vienna, JD AF Nash, K. L. Lumetta, G. J. Vienna, J. D. BE Lee, WE Ojovan, MI Jantzen, CM TI Irradiated nuclear fuel management: resource versus waste SO RADIOACTIVE WASTE MANAGEMENT AND CONTAMINATED SITE CLEAN-UP: PROCESSES, TECHNOLOGIES AND INTERNATIONAL EXPERIENCE SE Woodhead Publishing Series in Energy LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE nuclear fuel cycle; Yucca Mountain; waste forms; separations; partitioning ID BIDENTATE ORGANOPHOSPHORUS COMPOUNDS; IMMOBILIZATION; CERAMICS; IODINE; EXTRACTANTS; I-129; FORM; LANTHANIDES; DISPOSAL; SODALITE AB Management of irradiated fuel is an important component of commercial nuclear power production. Although it is broadly agreed that the disposition of some fraction of the fuel in geological repositories will be necessary, each of the fuel cycle options (once-through, limited recycle, advanced partitioning and transmutation, fuel breeders) introduces distinct waste management challenges. The choice of options significantly affects what fraction of material will be disposed in what manner. To further complicate this question, until geological repositories are available to accept commercial irradiated fuel, these materials must be safely stored. This chapter discusses some of these options. C1 [Nash, K. L.] Washington State Univ, Pullman, WA 99163 USA. [Lumetta, G. J.; Vienna, J. D.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Nash, KL (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Pullman, WA 99163 USA. EM knash@wsu.edu; gregg.lumetta@pnnl.gov; john.vienna@pnnl.gov NR 64 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU WOODHEAD PUBL LTD PI CAMBRIDGE PA ABINGTON HALL ABINGTON, CAMBRIDGE CB1 6AH, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 2044-9364 BN 978-0-85709-744-6; 978-0-85709-435-3 J9 WOODHEAD PUBL SER EN PY 2013 IS 48 BP 145 EP 170 DI 10.1533/9780857097446.1.145 D2 10.1533/9780857097446 PG 26 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Nuclear Science & Technology GA BA4PO UT WOS:000336100300007 ER PT S AU Jantzen, CM Lee, WE Ojovan, MI AF Jantzen, C. M. Lee, W. E. Ojovan, M. I. BE Lee, WE Ojovan, MI Jantzen, CM TI Radioactive waste (RAW) conditioning, immobilization, and encapsulation processes and technologies: overview and advances SO RADIOACTIVE WASTE MANAGEMENT AND CONTAMINATED SITE CLEAN-UP: PROCESSES, TECHNOLOGIES AND INTERNATIONAL EXPERIENCE SE Woodhead Publishing Series in Energy LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE vitrification; cementation; bituminization; glass; cement; bitumin; waste form; advanced waste forms; conditioning; immobilization; encapsulation ID IRON PHOSPHATE-GLASSES; HIGH-LEVEL-WASTE; EFFECTIVE IONIC-RADII; DECAY-INDUCED AMORPHIZATION; SEPARATED PLUTONIUM STOCKS; MURATAITE-BASED CERAMICS; PORTLAND CEMENT SYSTEMS; SON68 NUCLEAR GLASS; X-RAY; WEAPONS PLUTONIUM AB The main immobilization technologies that have been demonstrated for radioactive waste disposal are cementation, bituminization, and vitrification. Vitrification is currently the most widely used technology for the treatment of high level radioactive wastes (HLW) throughout the world. Nations that have generated HLW are immobilizing in either alkali borosilicate glass or alkali aluminophosphate glass. The compositions of nuclear waste glasses are tailored for easy preparation and melting, avoidance of glass-in-glass phase separation, avoidance of uncontrolled crystallization, and acceptable chemical durability. Future waste generation is driven by interest in sources of clean energy. The development of advanced waste forms is a necessary component of the new nuclear power plant (NPP) flowsheets. A brief summary is given of existing and advanced waste forms and processing technologies. C1 [Jantzen, C. M.] Savannah River Natl Lab, Aiken, SC 29808 USA. [Lee, W. E.] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Dept Mat, London SW7 2AZ, England. [Lee, W. E.] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Ctr Nucl Engn, London SW7 2AZ, England. [Ojovan, M. I.] Univ Sheffield, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Sheffield S1 3D, S Yorkshire, England. RP Jantzen, CM (reprint author), Savannah River Natl Lab, Aiken, SC 29808 USA. EM carol.jantzen@srnl.doe.gov; w.e.lee@imperial.ac.uk; m.ojovan@sheffield.ac.uk NR 400 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 8 PU WOODHEAD PUBL LTD PI CAMBRIDGE PA ABINGTON HALL ABINGTON, CAMBRIDGE CB1 6AH, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 2044-9364 BN 978-0-85709-744-6; 978-0-85709-435-3 J9 WOODHEAD PUBL SER EN PY 2013 IS 48 BP 171 EP 272 DI 10.1533/9780857097446.1.171 D2 10.1533/9780857097446 PG 102 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Nuclear Science & Technology GA BA4PO UT WOS:000336100300008 ER PT S AU Regalbuto, M Jones, J Schneider, SP AF Regalbuto, M. Jones, J. Schneider, S. P. BE Lee, WE Ojovan, MI Jantzen, CM TI United States: experience of radioactive waste (RAW) management and contaminated site cleanup SO RADIOACTIVE WASTE MANAGEMENT AND CONTAMINATED SITE CLEAN-UP: PROCESSES, TECHNOLOGIES AND INTERNATIONAL EXPERIENCE SE Woodhead Publishing Series in Energy LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE radioactive waste; regulations; Department of Energy (DOE); Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC); low-level waste (LLW); high-level waste (HLW); mixed waste; spent fuel; storage; disposal; transuranic (TRU) waste; uranium mines and mills; Waste Isolation Pilot Plant (WIPP); cleanup program AB The federal government of the United States is responsible for the safe disposal of spent nuclear fuel and high-level radioactive waste. The development of policies and practices has evolved over the years to ensure that the waste is managed appropriately. The major agency involved in the implementation of these activities is the Department of Energy (DOE), and the regulatory authority is assigned to the Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) and Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). The US waste classification system is divided into two areas commercial and government owned. Current storage and disposal techniques are described, addressing the different types of waste. The cleanup history and current strategies for these waste types are discussed in detail to provide the reader with an overall understanding of the US national waste management system. C1 [Regalbuto, M.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem Engn, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Jones, J.] US DOE, Off Nucl Energy, Washington, DC 20585 USA. [Schneider, S. P.] US DOE, Off Environm Management, Washington, DC 20585 USA. RP Regalbuto, M (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem Engn, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM regalbuto@anl.gov; jay.jones@hq.doe.gov; steve.schneider@em.doe.gov NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 4 PU WOODHEAD PUBL LTD PI CAMBRIDGE PA ABINGTON HALL ABINGTON, CAMBRIDGE CB1 6AH, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 2044-9364 BN 978-0-85709-744-6; 978-0-85709-435-3 J9 WOODHEAD PUBL SER EN PY 2013 IS 48 BP 567 EP 611 DI 10.1533/9780857097446.2.567 D2 10.1533/9780857097446 PG 45 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Nuclear Science & Technology GA BA4PO UT WOS:000336100300020 ER PT S AU Liu, B Colet, P Braiman, Y AF Liu, B. Colet, P. Braiman, Y. BE Baranov, A Tournie, E TI Semiconductor laser beam combining SO SEMICONDUCTOR LASERS: FUNDAMENTALS AND APPLICATIONS SE Woodhead Publishing Series in Electronic and Optical Materials LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE semiconductor; laser beam combining; Talbot external cavity; Lang-Kobayashi model ID EXTERNAL TALBOT CAVITY; PHASE-LOCKED ARRAYS; SINGLE-LOBED BEAM; HIGH-POWER; DIODE-ARRAY; OPTICAL FEEDBACK; LINEWIDTH REDUCTION; COHERENT ADDITION; BAR; BANDWIDTH AB In this chapter, we will review recent advances and trends in phase locking of broad-area laser diode arrays. In particular, we will concentrate on coherent phase locking of high-power, broad-area diode arrays in a passive external cavity. We will present a newly designed external cavity called the V-shape external Talbot cavity. The V-shape external cavity is capable of selecting single transverse mode operation of individual laser diodes on an array and providing optical coupling among laser diodes. The high visibility far-field interference pattern confirms that phase locking is achieved among laser diodes on an array. Two experimental schematic designs of the V-shape external Talbot cavity are explored. One is the V-shape external Talbot cavity, and the other is the closed V-shape external Talbot cavity. The differences in external cavity design and performance will be discussed. C1 [Liu, B.; Braiman, Y.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Comp Sci & Math Div, Ctr Engn Sci Adv Res, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Colet, P.] UIB, CSIC, IFISC, E-07122 Palma De Mallorca, Spain. [Braiman, Y.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Mech Aerosp & Biomed Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RP Braiman, Y (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Comp Sci & Math Div, Ctr Engn Sci Adv Res, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM liub@ornl.gov; braimany@ornl.gov NR 60 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU WOODHEAD PUBL LTD PI CAMBRIDGE PA ABINGTON HALL ABINGTON, CAMBRIDGE CB1 6AH, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 2050-1501 BN 978-0-85709-640-1; 978-0-85709-121-5 J9 WOODH PUB SER ELECT PY 2013 IS 33 BP 121 EP 148 DI 10.1533/9780857096401.1.121 D2 10.1533/9780857096401 PG 28 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA BA4QJ UT WOS:000336137100005 ER PT S AU Sarkus, T Radziwon, A Ellis, W AF Sarkus, Thomas Radziwon, Adrian Ellis, William BE Crawley, GM TI Coal SO WORLD SCIENTIFIC HANDBOOK OF ENERGY SE Materials and Energy LA English DT Article; Book Chapter AB This chapter introduces and describes coal as a widely available and versatile energy source that is available in substantial quantities throughout the world. The origins of coal deposits are quickly visited, and the ranking of different types of coal by energy and carbon content is presented. The production and chemical analysis of coal from major US coalbeds (including representative values for some lignite and anthracite beds) are detailed. World coal resources, reserves, and production levels are discussed for coal types. Coal utilization is developed with a detailed focus on the major coal-based electrical power production technologies, which includes pulverized coal, fluidized bed, and gasification technologies. These technologies are presented in detail, including relevant emission control technologies. Carbon dioxide capture is also addressed. Liquefaction of coal and other uses of coal are briefly described. The safety and environmental challenges associated with coal production and its uses are also discussed. Current and projected usages of coal as well as other energy sources by world region and selected countries for electrical power production are presented. Selected internet-based coal information resources from the US Department of Energy, including the National Energy Technology Laboratory (NETL), are referenced for the reader's use. C1 [Sarkus, Thomas] US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Washington, DC 20585 USA. RP Sarkus, T (reprint author), US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Washington, DC 20585 USA. EM Thomas.Sarkus@netl.doe.gov NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA PO BOX 128 FARRER RD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE SN 2335-6596 BN 978-981-4343-52-7; 978-981-4343-51-0 J9 MATER ENERG PY 2013 VL 3 BP 11 EP 40 D2 10.1142/8114 PG 30 WC Energy & Fuels SC Energy & Fuels GA BA4XE UT WOS:000336393400004 ER PT S AU Goldston, RJ Zarnstorff, MC AF Goldston, R. J. Zarnstorff, M. C. BE Crawley, GM TI Magnetic Fusion Energy SO WORLD SCIENTIFIC HANDBOOK OF ENERGY SE Materials and Energy LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID POWER-PLANT; CONFINEMENT EXPERIMENTS; TOKAMAK AB Fusion of light nuclei confined by magnetic fields is being developed as an effectively inexhaustible energy source without the production of greenhouse gases or long-lived radioactive waste and without the risk of runaway accidents. This chapter presents the characteristics of Magnetic Fusion Energy and methods to harness it as an energy source, including an overview in Section 1 of fuel resources, waste, safety, and proliferation risks. Section 2 discusses the physics and technology of magnetic fusion systems. Section 3 describes current major experiments, fusion energy achievements, and the role of the ITER burning-plasma experiment. Section 4 summarizes the international activities to develop fusion as an attractive energy production system. C1 [Goldston, R. J.; Zarnstorff, M. C.] Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA. RP Goldston, RJ (reprint author), Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA. EM rgoldston@pppl.gov; zarnstorff@pppl.gov NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA PO BOX 128 FARRER RD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE SN 2335-6596 BN 978-981-4343-52-7; 978-981-4343-51-0 J9 MATER ENERG PY 2013 VL 3 BP 111 EP 130 D2 10.1142/8114 PG 20 WC Energy & Fuels SC Energy & Fuels GA BA4XE UT WOS:000336393400008 ER PT S AU Storm, E AF Storm, Erik BE Crawley, GM TI Progress Toward Inertial Fusion Energy SO WORLD SCIENTIFIC HANDBOOK OF ENERGY SE Materials and Energy LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID IGNITION; SYSTEMS; LASERS; PLASMA AB Inertial Confinement Fusion (ICF), a thermonuclear reaction in a millimeter-sized fuel capsule filled with deuterium and tritium (DT), has been the subject of theoretical and experimental studies since the early 1970s. Recent results at the National Ignition Facility (NIF) in the US provide confidence that net fusion energy gains of 10-20 (fusion yield/laser input energy) will be demonstrated with indirectly driven ICF targets by 2013 and that gains of 60-70 from a 2-2.2MJ driver is achievable. Similar experiments are planned for the Laser Megajoule (LMJ) in France a few years later. The European HiPER and Japanese FIREX-II programs are considering a direct drive ignition approach for the early 2020s. Successful demonstration of ignition and gain will be a transforming event for ICF and is likely to focus the world's attention on laser-driven Inertial Fusion Energy (IFE) as an option for commercial power plants. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Storm, E (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 808, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM Storm1@llnl.gov NR 34 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA PO BOX 128 FARRER RD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE SN 2335-6596 BN 978-981-4343-52-7; 978-981-4343-51-0 J9 MATER ENERG PY 2013 VL 3 BP 131 EP 163 D2 10.1142/8114 PG 33 WC Energy & Fuels SC Energy & Fuels GA BA4XE UT WOS:000336393400009 ER PT S AU Downing, M Turhollow, AF AF Downing, Mark Turhollow, Anthony F., Jr. BE Crawley, GM TI Biomass SO WORLD SCIENTIFIC HANDBOOK OF ENERGY SE Materials and Energy LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID MIDWESTERN UNITED-STATES; ENERGY; YIELD; SWITCHGRASS; MISCANTHUS; BIOENERGY; CROPS; FEEDSTOCKS; HYBRIDS; BIOFUEL AB This chapter summarizes some of the major biomass resources available and conversion technologies in use today. In addition to understanding what biomass is, it is important to understand the constituents of biomass, which are cellulose, hemi-cellulose, and lignin. We summarize a diverse array of biomass feedstock resources such as woody crops, herbaceous perennials, forest resources, and agricultural crop residues. For several of the significantly available and used resources, we attempt to summarize relative productivity as well as costs of production. We summarize an array of conversion technologies to include those used for biomass to electricity, liquid fuels, and biochemicals. For each case, we identify specific countries where these biomass resources are concentrated and utilized, as well as the products of conversion (e. g. sugarcane resources to ethanol in Brazil). We conclude that there is a great deal of biomass in the world, although the useable quantities may be more efficiently used locally, and that specific biomass resources have certain qualities that are better utilized in some conversion technologies than others. Finally, it is important to note that the estimates of biomass availability do not reflect specific cost of production strategies, and the demand for end-products from conversion does not imply availability of these commodities in every part of the world. C1 [Downing, Mark; Turhollow, Anthony F., Jr.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Downing, M (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM downingme@ornl.gov; turhollowaf@ornl.gov NR 58 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA PO BOX 128 FARRER RD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE SN 2335-6596 BN 978-981-4343-52-7; 978-981-4343-51-0 J9 MATER ENERG PY 2013 VL 3 BP 225 EP 243 D2 10.1142/8114 PG 19 WC Energy & Fuels SC Energy & Fuels GA BA4XE UT WOS:000336393400012 ER PT J AU Budnitz, RJ AF Budnitz, Robert J. BE Ragaini, R TI OUTLOOK FOR NUCLEAR POWER IN THE UNITED STATES SO INTERNATIONAL SEMINAR ON NUCLEAR WAR AND PLANETARY EMERGENCIES: 45TH SESSION SE Science and Culture Series: Nuclear Strategy and Peace Technology LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 45th International Seminar on Nuclear War and Planetary Emergencies CY AUG 19-24, 2012 CL Erice, ITALY SP E Majorana Ctr Sci Culture AB There are 104 nuclear power units operating in the U.S. today on 67 sites. The fleet is generally operating well and is far safer than was the case 20-30 years ago. About 30 new nuclear units are in various stages of being proposed for construction in the U.S., although probably not all of them will be built. A number of issues confront nuclear power today in the U.S., and this paper provides the author's personal opinion about each of them. Among the topics are natural gas prices; Yucca Mountain's demise and the future of nuclear waste management; Fukushima lessons-learned; license extensions out to 60 years or beyond; safety and reliability enhancements; the advent of more risk-based utility decisions and NRC safety decisions based on PRA; the NRC's design-certification process and process for new-plant combined operating licenses; and the possible advent of new SMR (small modular reactor) designs. [GRAPHICS] C1 [Budnitz, Robert J.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA PO BOX 128 FARRER RD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE BN 978-981-4531-77-1 J9 SCI CULT NUCL STRAT PY 2013 BP 245 EP 254 PG 10 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences; Social Sciences, Interdisciplinary SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Social Sciences - Other Topics GA BA6DO UT WOS:000337104400021 ER PT J AU Petroski, R Wood, L AF Petroski, Robert Wood, Lowell BE Ragaini, R TI ATTRIBUTES OF SUSTAINABLE PLANETARY-SCALE NUCLEAR FISSION ENERGY SYSTEMS SO INTERNATIONAL SEMINAR ON NUCLEAR WAR AND PLANETARY EMERGENCIES: 45TH SESSION SE Science and Culture Series-Nuclear Strategy and Peace Technology LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 45th International Seminar on Nuclear War and Planetary Emergencies CY AUG 19-24, 2012 CL Erice, ITALY SP E Majorana Ctr Sci Culture C1 [Petroski, Robert] TerraPower LLC, Bellevue, WA USA. [Wood, Lowell] Stanford Univ, Hoover Inst, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Wood, Lowell] Univ California, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Wood, Lowell] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA PO BOX 128 FARRER RD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE BN 978-981-4531-77-1 J9 SCI CULT-NUCL STRAT PY 2013 BP 255 EP 270 PG 16 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences; Social Sciences, Interdisciplinary SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Social Sciences - Other Topics GA BA6DO UT WOS:000337104400022 ER PT J AU Difiglio, C Wanner, B AF Difiglio, Carmine Wanner, Brent BE Ragaini, R TI ECONOMICS OF NUCLEAR POWER IN LIBERALIZED POWER MARKETS SO INTERNATIONAL SEMINAR ON NUCLEAR WAR AND PLANETARY EMERGENCIES: 45TH SESSION SE Science and Culture Series-Nuclear Strategy and Peace Technology LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 45th International Seminar on Nuclear War and Planetary Emergencies CY AUG 19-24, 2012 CL Erice, ITALY SP E Majorana Ctr Sci Culture AB Projections of electricity markets such as the International Energy Agency's (IEA) World Energy Outlook (WEO) or the Energy Information Administration's (EIA) Annual Energy Outlook (AEO) rely on estimated levelized costs for nuclear power and other power generation technologies. These levelized cost estimates show nuclear to be a very competitive power generating technology in most regions of the world. This paper analyzes unpublished data from the 2011 WEO to assess the competitiveness of nuclear power in liberalized and non-competitive power markets. We consider alternative estimates of nuclear capital costs (Risk Scenario) that might well be considered before investing in nuclear power in competitive markets without government guarantees. The Risk Scenario also assumes lower natural gas prices that could result from higher shale gas recovery in the United States and new shale gas development in Europe. The Risk Scenario causes the relative cost difference of nuclear power vs. natural gas to change by 5 cents/kWhr. Instead of nuclear power holding a competitive advantage over natural gas, in the Risk Scenario, natural gas gains a competitive advantage over nuclear power, even if a $50/ton CO(2)e charge is assessed. The analysis suggests that nuclear power plants will not be built in liberalized power markets without government guarantees. If nuclear power plants built with government support or those built by state-owned power industries prove that nuclear power plants can be reliably built at a competitive cost, power plant economics will be a significant positive factor for the nuclear industry, especially taking into consideration national commitments to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. If costs continue to increase over the estimates being used by the IEA and EIA, power-plant economics become a significant negative factor for the nuclear industry that may not be offset by pricing CO2 emissions. These findings do not apply to reactor projects in many Asian countries. Nuclear power is estimated to enjoy a more favorable cost advantage than in the United States, Europe or Japan. In addition, private financing is less important in many Asian countries and delays due to licensing problems are less likely. Given the high electricity demand growth expected in Asia, more competitive costs, and government support, it is not surprising that over 60% of currently-planned nuclear reactors are in Asia. C1 [Difiglio, Carmine] US DOE, Off Policy & Int Affairs, Washington, DC 20585 USA. [Wanner, Brent] Int Energy Agency, Global Energy Econom, Washington, DC 20585 USA. RP Difiglio, C (reprint author), US DOE, Off Policy & Int Affairs, Washington, DC 20585 USA. EM carmine.difiglio@hq.doe.gov; brent.wanner@iea.org NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 9 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA PO BOX 128 FARRER RD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE BN 978-981-4531-77-1 J9 SCI CULT-NUCL STRAT PY 2013 BP 271 EP 287 PG 17 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences; Social Sciences, Interdisciplinary SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Social Sciences - Other Topics GA BA6DO UT WOS:000337104400023 ER PT J AU Difiglio, C Schock, R Barletta, W AF Difiglio, Carmine Schock, Robert Barletta, William BE Ragaini, R TI REPORT OF THE PERMANENT MONITORING PANEL ON ENERGY, 2012 SO INTERNATIONAL SEMINAR ON NUCLEAR WAR AND PLANETARY EMERGENCIES: 45TH SESSION SE Science and Culture Series-Nuclear Strategy and Peace Technology LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 45th International Seminar on Nuclear War and Planetary Emergencies CY AUG 19-24, 2012 CL Erice, ITALY SP E Majorana Ctr Sci Culture C1 [Difiglio, Carmine] US DOE, Off Policy & Int Affairs, Washington, DC 20585 USA. [Schock, Robert] World Energy Council, London, England. [Barletta, William] MIT, U S Particle Accelerator Sch, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Difiglio, C (reprint author), US DOE, Off Policy & Int Affairs, Washington, DC 20585 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA PO BOX 128 FARRER RD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE BN 978-981-4531-77-1 J9 SCI CULT-NUCL STRAT PY 2013 BP 525 EP 528 PG 4 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences; Social Sciences, Interdisciplinary SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Social Sciences - Other Topics GA BA6DO UT WOS:000337104400045 ER PT S AU Szymanska, MH Keeling, J Littlewood, PB AF Szymanska, Marzena H. Keeling, Jonathan Littlewood, Peter B. BE Proukakis, N Gardiner, S Davis, M Szymanska, M TI Non-Equilibrium Bose-Einstein Condensation in a Dissipative Environment SO QUANTUM GASES: FINITE TEMPERATURE AND NON-EQUILIBRIUM DYNAMICS SE Cold Atoms LA English DT Article; Book Chapter AB As discussed in Chapters 28 and 29, solid-state quantum condensates can differ from other condensates, such as helium, ultracold atomic gases, and superconductors, in that the condensing quasiparticles have relatively short lifetimes, and so, as for lasers, external pumping is required to maintain a steady state. In this chapter we present a non-equilibrium path-integral approach to condensation in a dissipative environment and apply it to microcavity polaritons, driven out of equilibrium by coupling to multiple baths, describing pumping and decay. Using this, we discuss the relation between non-equilibrium polariton condensation, lasing, and equilibrium condensation. C1 [Szymanska, Marzena H.] Univ Warwick, Dept Phys, Coventry CV4 7AL, W Midlands, England. [Keeling, Jonathan] Univ St Andrews, Sch Phys & Astron, Scottish Univ Phys Alliance, St Andrews KY16 9SS, Fife, Scotland. [Littlewood, Peter B.] Argonne Natl Lab, Phys Sci & Engn Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Littlewood, Peter B.] Univ Chicago, James Franck Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Littlewood, Peter B.] Univ Chicago, Dept Phys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Littlewood, Peter B.] Univ Cambridge, Cavendish Lab, Cambridge CB3 0HE, England. RP Szymanska, MH (reprint author), Univ Warwick, Dept Phys, Coventry CV4 7AL, W Midlands, England. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA PO BOX 128 FARRER RD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE SN 2045-9734 BN 978-1-848168-12-1; 978-1-848168-10-7 J9 COLD ATOMS PY 2013 VL 1 BP 447 EP 459 D2 10.1142/p817 PG 13 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA BA3ZB UT WOS:000335188500038 ER PT S AU Rodriguez, JA Liu, P Nakamura, K Illas, F AF Rodriguez, J. A. Liu, P. Nakamura, K. Illas, F. BE Avgouropoulos, G Tabakova, T TI Activation of Gold on Metal Carbides and the Discovery of Novel Catalysts for DeSOx and HDS Reactions SO ENVIRONMENTAL CATALYSIS OVER GOLD-BASED MATERIALS SE RSC Catalysis Series LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID AU-C INTERACTIONS; DESULFURIZATION REACTIONS; HYDROTREATING CATALYSTS; CHARGE POLARIZATION; TUNGSTEN CARBIDE; SULFUR-DIOXIDE; SURFACES; THIOPHENE; NANOPARTICLES; SO2 C1 [Rodriguez, J. A.; Liu, P.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Nakamura, K.] Tokyo Inst Technol, Mat & Struct Lab, Yokohama, Kanagawa 2268503, Japan. [Illas, F.] Univ Barcelona, Dept Quim Fis, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain. [Illas, F.] Univ Barcelona, Inst Quim Teor & Computac IQTCUB, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain. RP Rodriguez, JA (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM rodrigez@bnl.gov NR 51 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, CAMBRIDGE CB4 4WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 1757-6725 BN 978-1-84973-736-4; 978-1-84973-571-1 J9 RSC CATAL SER PY 2013 IS 13 BP 123 EP 145 DI 10.1039/9781849737364-00123 D2 10.1039/9781849737364 PG 23 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA BHW75 UT WOS:000326874400006 ER PT S AU Mondloch, JE Farha, OK Hupp, JT AF Mondloch, Joseph E. Farha, Omar K. Hupp, Joseph T. BE Xamena, FXLI Gascon, J TI Catalysis at the Organic Ligands SO METAL ORGANIC FRAMEWORKS AS HETEROGENEOUS CATALYSTS SE RSC Catalysis Series LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID HETEROGENEOUS ASYMMETRIC CATALYSIS; POSTSYNTHETIC MODIFICATION; FRAMEWORK MATERIALS; METAL; EPOXIDATION; COMPLEXES; OXIDATION; DESIGN; SITE; MOF C1 [Mondloch, Joseph E.; Farha, Omar K.; Hupp, Joseph T.] Northwestern Univ, Dept Chem, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. [Hupp, Joseph T.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Mondloch, JE (reprint author), Northwestern Univ, Dept Chem, 2145 Sheridan Rd, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. EM joseph.mondloch@northwestern.edu; o-farha@northwestern.edu; j-hupp@northwestern.edu NR 79 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 4 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, CAMBRIDGE CB4 4WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 1757-6725 BN 978-1-84973-758-6; 978-1-84973-572-8 J9 RSC CATAL SER PY 2013 IS 12 BP 289 EP 309 DI 10.1039/9781849737586-00289 D2 10.1039/9781849737586 PG 21 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA BHW76 UT WOS:000326876300010 ER PT S AU Yasunaga, K Tranter, RS AF Yasunaga, Kenji Tranter, Robert S. BE BattinLeclerc, F Simmie, JM Blurock, E TI Speciation in Shock Tubes SO CLEANER COMBUSTION: DEVELOPING DETAILED CHEMICAL KINETIC MODELS SE Green Energy and Technology LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID THERMAL-DECOMPOSITION; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; ORTHO-BENZYNE; PYROLYSIS; WAVES; DISSOCIATION; OXIDATION; RADICALS; 1,1,1-TRIFLUOROETHANE; ISOMERIZATION AB A shock tube is a device in which a shock wave is normally formed by the rupture of a diaphragm, which divides a gas at high pressure from a test section containing the species of interest at a lower pressure. The shock wave brings the test gas virtually instantaneously to a known high temperature and pressure, maintains that condition for a time and then is supplanted by an expansion wave which cools the sample rapidly. During this time, the test gas can be studied by continuous sampling, for example to a time-of-flight mass spectrometer or alternatively sampled at the end of process by gas chromatography or other appropriate analytical techniques. Here, we discuss both methodologies and show with examples the benefits of both approaches. C1 [Yasunaga, Kenji] Natl Def Acad, Dept Appl Chem, Yokosuka, Kanagawa 239, Japan. [Tranter, Robert S.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Yasunaga, K (reprint author), Natl Def Acad, Dept Appl Chem, 1-10-20 Hashirimizu, Yokosuka, Kanagawa 239, Japan. EM yasunaga@nda.ac.jp; Tranter@anl.gov NR 40 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 1865-3529 BN 978-1-4471-5306-1; 978-1-4471-5307-8 J9 GREEN ENERGY TECHNOL PY 2013 BP 143 EP 161 DI 10.1007/978-1-4471-5307-8_6 D2 10.1007/978-1-4471-5307-8 PG 19 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Energy & Fuels SC Chemistry; Energy & Fuels GA BA3EV UT WOS:000334169500008 ER PT S AU Tranter, RS Brezinsky, K AF Tranter, Robert S. Brezinsky, Kenneth BE BattinLeclerc, F Simmie, JM Blurock, E TI Shock Tube Studies of Combustion Relevant Elementary Chemical Reactions and Submechanisms SO CLEANER COMBUSTION: DEVELOPING DETAILED CHEMICAL KINETIC MODELS SE Green Energy and Technology LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID TEMPERATURE RATE CONSTANTS; STATE THEORY CALCULATIONS; RADICAL SELF-REACTION; GAS-PHASE REACTIONS; THERMAL-DECOMPOSITION; PROPARGYL RADICALS; ABSORPTION-MEASUREMENTS; AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; C3H3+C3H3 REACTION; RATE COEFFICIENTS AB Shock tubes are vital experimental tools that are used to study high temperature gas-phase kinetics and shock tube research accounts for most of the high temperature experimental data relevant to combustion. Several shock tube techniques are briefly discussed and references to prior more detailed reviews supplied. The use of shock tube techniques to elucidate reaction rates and mechanisms for elementary unimolecular and bimolecular reactions is discussed. Particular attention is given to studies that provide fundamental data that can be extrapolated to systems that cannot be studied in isolated experiments. In this context, experiments on the dissociation and isomerization of fuel radicals, pyrolysis of saturated cyclic and heterocyclic molecules of importance in surrogate fuels and nontraditional fuels, and the role of resonantly stabilized radicals in formation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are discussed. C1 [Tranter, Robert S.] Argonne Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Engn Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Brezinsky, Kenneth] Univ Illinois, Dept Mech & Ind Engn, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. RP Tranter, RS (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Engn Div, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM Tranter@anl.gov NR 122 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 1865-3529 BN 978-1-4471-5306-1; 978-1-4471-5307-8 J9 GREEN ENERGY TECHNOL PY 2013 BP 629 EP 652 DI 10.1007/978-1-4471-5307-8_24 D2 10.1007/978-1-4471-5307-8 PG 24 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Energy & Fuels SC Chemistry; Energy & Fuels GA BA3EV UT WOS:000334169500026 ER PT S AU Bacon, DH AF Bacon, D. H. BE Gluyas, J Mathias, S TI Modeling long-term CO2 storage, sequestration and cycling SO GEOLOGICAL STORAGE OF CARBON DIOXIDE (CO 2): GEOSCIENCE, TECHNOLOGIES, ENVIRONMENTAL ASPECTS AND LEGAL FRAMEWORKS SE Woodhead Publishing Series in Energy LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE modeling; multiphase flow; reactive transport; geomechanical; geochemical; Sleipner; Frio; In Salah; ZERT Release Facility; carbon dioxide; CO2. ID CARBON-DIOXIDE INJECTION; DEEP SALINE AQUIFERS; REACTIVE TRANSPORT; POROUS-MEDIA; NUMERICAL-SIMULATION; GAS-RESERVOIRS; GEOLOGIC SEQUESTRATION; BRINE FORMATION; HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY; MULTIPHASE FLOW AB A review of numerical and analytical models that have been applied to CO2 sequestration is presented, as well as a description of frameworks for risk analysis. Various issues related to carbon storage and sequestration are discussed, including trapping mechanisms, density convection mixing, impurities in the CO2 stream, changes in formation porosity and permeability, the risk of vertical leakage, and the impacts on groundwater resources if leakage does occur. A discussion of the development and application of site-specific models first addresses the estimation of model parameters and the use of natural analogues, and then surveys modeling that has been done at two commercial-scale CO2 sequestration sites, a pilot-scale injection site and an experimental site designed to test monitoring of CO2 leakage in the vadose zone. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Bacon, DH (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, MSIN K9-33,POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM diana.bacon@pnnl.gov NR 158 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WOODHEAD PUBL LTD PI CAMBRIDGE PA ABINGTON HALL ABINGTON, CAMBRIDGE CB1 6AH, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 2044-9364 BN 978-0-85709-727-9; 978-0-85709-427-8 J9 WOODHEAD PUBL SER EN PY 2013 IS 54 BP 110 EP 146 DI 10.1533/9780857097279.1.110 PG 37 WC Energy & Fuels SC Energy & Fuels GA BA3TN UT WOS:000334792500008 ER PT S AU Craven-Jones, J Way, BM Hunt, J Kudenov, MW Mercier, JA AF Craven-Jones, Julia Way, Brandyn M. Hunt, Jeff Kudenov, Michael W. Mercier, Jeffrey A. BE Shaw, JA LeMaster, DA TI Thermally stable imaging channeled spectropolarimetry SO POLARIZATION SCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING VI SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Polarization Science and Remote Sensing VI CY AUG 26-29, 2013 CL San Diego, CA SP SPIE ID POTASSIUM TITANYL PHOSPHATE; SPECTROMETER; POLARIMETRY; MICROSCOPY; CRYSTAL AB Channeled spectropolarimetry can measure the complete polarization state of light as a function of wavelength. Typically, a channeled spectropolarimeter uses high order retarders made of uniaxial crystal to amplitude modulate the measured spectrum with the spectrally-dependent Stokes polarization information. A primary limitation of conventional channeled spectropolarimeters is related to the thermal variability of the retarders. Thermal variation often forces frequent system recalibration, particularly for field deployed systems. However, implementing thermally stable retarders results in an athermal channeled spectropolarimeter that relieves the need for frequent recalibration. Past work has addressed this issue by developing athermalized retarders using two or more uniaxial crystals. Recently, a retarder made of biaxial KTP and cut at a thermally insensitive angle was used to produce an athermal channeled spectropolarimeter. This paper presents the results of the biaxial crystal system and compares the two thermal stabilization techniques in the context of producing an imaging thermally stable channeled spectropolarimeter. A preliminary design for a snapshot imaging channeled spectropolarimeter is also presented. C1 [Craven-Jones, Julia; Way, Brandyn M.; Hunt, Jeff; Mercier, Jeffrey A.] Sandia Natl Labs, 1515 Eubank Blvd SE, Albuquerque, NM 87123 USA. [Kudenov, Michael W.] North Carolina State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Craven-Jones, J (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, 1515 Eubank Blvd SE, Albuquerque, NM 87123 USA. FU Victoria Franques [NNSA/NA221] FX This work was funded in part by NNSA/NA221, Victoria Franques, Program Manager. NR 21 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-9723-9 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2013 VL 8873 AR UNSP 88730J DI 10.1117/12.2024112 PG 12 WC Remote Sensing; Optics SC Remote Sensing; Optics GA BA5MT UT WOS:000336801500016 ER PT S AU Tedeschi, J Bernacki, B Sheen, D Kelly, J McMakin, D AF Tedeschi, Jonathan Bernacki, Bruce Sheen, Dave Kelly, Jim McMakin, Doug BE Shaw, JA LeMaster, DA TI Fully polarimetric passive W-band millimeter wave imager for wide area search SO POLARIZATION SCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING VI SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Polarization Science and Remote Sensing VI CY AUG 26-29, 2013 CL San Diego, CA SP SPIE DE fully polarimetric passive imager; w-band radiometer; Stokes parameters; polarization signature AB We describe the design and phenomenology imaging results of a fully polarimetric W-band millimeter wave (MMW) radiometer developed by Pacific Northwest National Laboratory for wide-area search. Operating from 92-94 GHz, the W-band radiometer employs a Dicke switching heterodyne design isolating the horizontal and vertical mm-wave components with 40 dB of polarization isolation. Design results are presented for both infinite conjugate off-axis parabolic and finite conjugate off-axis elliptical fore-optics using optical ray tracing and diffraction calculations. The received linear polarizations are down-converted to a microwave frequency band and recombined in a phase-shifting network to produce all six orthogonal polarization states of light simultaneously, which are used to calculate the Stokes parameters for display and analysis. The resulting system performance produces a heterodyne receiver noise equivalent delta temperature (NEDT) of less than 150m Kelvin. The radiometer provides novel imaging capability by producing all four of the Stokes parameters of light, which are used to create imagery based on the polarization states associated with unique scattering geometries and their interaction with the down welling MMW energy. The polarization states can be exploited in such a way that man-made objects can be located and highlighted in a cluttered scene using methods such as image comparison, color encoding of Stokes parameters, multivariate image analysis, and image fusion with visible and infrared imagery. We also present initial results using a differential imaging approach used to highlight polarization features and reduce common-mode noise. Persistent monitoring of a scene using the polarimetric passive mm-wave technique shows great promise for anomaly detection caused by human activity. C1 [Tedeschi, Jonathan; Bernacki, Bruce; Sheen, Dave; Kelly, Jim; McMakin, Doug] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Tedeschi, J (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM Jonathan.Tedeschi@pnnl.gov NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-9723-9 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2013 VL 8873 AR 88730V DI 10.1117/12.2023390 PG 14 WC Remote Sensing; Optics SC Remote Sensing; Optics GA BA5MT UT WOS:000336801500026 ER PT S AU Keeter, KJ Abgrall, N Aguayo, E Avignone, FT Barabash, AS Bertrand, FE Boswell, M Brudanin, V Busch, M Caldwell, AS Chan, YD Christofferson, CD Combs, DC Cuesta, C Detwiler, JA Doe, PJ Efremenko, Y Egorov, V Ejiri, H Elliott, SR Esterline, J Fast, JE Finnerty, P Fraenkle, FM Galindo-Uribarri, A Giovanetti, GK Goett, J Green, MP Gruszko, J Guiseppe, VE Gusev, K Hallin, AL Hazama, R Hegai, A Henning, R Hoppe, EW Howard, S Howe, MA Kidd, MF Kochetov, O Konovalov, SI Kouzes, RT LaFerriere, BD Leon, J Leviner, LE Loach, JC MacMullin, S Martin, RD Mertens, S Mizouni, L Nomachi, M O'Shaughnessy, C Orrell, JL Overman, NR Phillips, DG Poon, AWP Pushkin, K Radford, DC Rielage, K Robertson, RGH Ronquest, MC Schubert, AG Shanks, B Shima, T Shirchenko, M Snavely, KJ Snyder, N Soin, A Strain, J Suriano, AM Swift, G Thompson, J Timkin, V Tornow, W Varner, RL Vasilyev, S Vetter, K Vorren, K White, BR Wilkerson, JF Wiseman, C Xu, W Yakushev, E Young, AR Yu, CH Yumatov, V AF Keeter, K. J. Abgrall, N. Aguayo, E. Avignone, F. T., III Barabash, A. S. Bertrand, F. E. Boswell, M. Brudanin, V. Busch, M. Caldwell, A. S. Chan, Y-D Christofferson, C. D. Combs, D. C. Cuesta, C. Detwiler, J. A. Doe, P. J. Efremenko, Yu. Egorov, V. Ejiri, H. Elliott, S. R. Esterline, J. Fast, J. E. Finnerty, P. Fraenkle, F. M. Galindo-Uribarri, A. Giovanetti, G. K. Goett, J. Green, M. P. Gruszko, J. Guiseppe, V. E. Gusev, K. Hallin, A. L. Hazama, R. Hegai, A. Henning, R. Hoppe, E. W. Howard, S. Howe, M. A. Kidd, M. F. Kochetov, O. Konovalov, S. I. Kouzes, R. T. LaFerriere, B. D. Leon, J. Leviner, L. E. Loach, J. C. MacMullin, S. Martin, R. D. Mertens, S. Mizouni, L. Nomachi, M. O'Shaughnessy, C. Orrell, J. L. Overman, N. R. Phillips, D. G., II Poon, A. W. P. Pushkin, K. Radford, D. C. Rielage, K. Robertson, R. G. H. Ronquest, M. C. Schubert, A. G. Shanks, B. Shima, T. Shirchenko, M. Snavely, K. J. Snyder, N. Soin, A. Strain, J. Suriano, A. M. Swift, G. Thompson, J. Timkin, V. Tornow, W. Varner, R. L. Vasilyev, S. Vetter, K. Vorren, K. White, B. R. Wilkerson, J. F. Wiseman, C. Xu, W. Yakushev, E. Young, A. R. Yu, C-H Yumatov, V. BE Tatina, R TI THE MAJORANA DEMONSTRATOR: OVERVIEW AND STATUS UPDATE SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOUTH DAKOTA ACADEMY OF SCIENCE, VOL 92 SE Proceedings of the South Dakota Academy of Science LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID NEUTRINO MASSES AB The MAJORANA DEMONSTRATOR is being constructed at the Sanford Underground Research Facility (SURF) in Lead, SD, by the MAJORANA Collaboration to demonstrate the feasibility of a tonne-scale neutrinoless double-beta decay experiment based on Ge-76. The observation of neutrinoless double-beta decay would indicate that neutrinos can serve as their own antiparticles, thus proving neutrinos to be Majorana particles, and would give information on neutrino masses. Attaining sensitivities for neutrino masses in the inverted hierarchy region requires large tonne-scale detectors with extremely low backgrounds. The DEMONSTRATOR project will show that sufficiently low backgrounds are achievable. A brief description of the detector and a status update on the construction is given, including the work done at BHSU on acid-etching of Pb shielding bricks. C1 [Keeter, K. J.; Thompson, J.] Black Hills State Univ, Dept Phys, Spearfish, SD 57799 USA. [Abgrall, N.; Chan, Y-D; Hegai, A.; Mertens, S.; Poon, A. W. P.; Vetter, K.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Aguayo, E.; Fast, J. E.; Hoppe, E. W.; Kouzes, R. T.; LaFerriere, B. D.; Mizouni, L.; Orrell, J. L.; Overman, N. R.; Soin, A.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Avignone, F. T., III; Guiseppe, V. E.; Mizouni, L.; Wiseman, C.] Univ S Carolina, Dept Phys & Astron, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. [Avignone, F. T., III; Bertrand, F. E.; Galindo-Uribarri, A.; Radford, D. C.; Varner, R. L.; White, B. R.; Wilkerson, J. F.; Yu, C-H] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. [Barabash, A. S.; Konovalov, S. I.; Yumatov, V.] Inst Theoret & Expt Phys, Moscow 117259, Russia. [Boswell, M.; Elliott, S. R.; Goett, J.; Rielage, K.; Ronquest, M. C.; Xu, W.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA. [Brudanin, V.; Egorov, V.; Gusev, K.; Kochetov, O.; Shirchenko, M.; Timkin, V.; Yakushev, E.] Joint Inst Nucl Res, Dubna, Russia. [Busch, M.; Esterline, J.; Swift, G.; Tornow, W.] Duke Univ, Dept Phys, Durham, NC 27706 USA. [Busch, M.; Combs, D. C.; Esterline, J.; Finnerty, P.; Fraenkle, F. M.; Giovanetti, G. K.; Green, M. P.; Henning, R.; Howe, M. A.; Leviner, L. E.; MacMullin, S.; O'Shaughnessy, C.; Phillips, D. G., II; Shanks, B.; Snavely, K. J.; Strain, J.; Swift, G.; Tornow, W.; Vorren, K.; Wilkerson, J. F.; Young, A. R.] Triangle Univ Nucl Lab, Durham, NC 27706 USA. [Caldwell, A. S.; Christofferson, C. D.; Howard, S.; Suriano, A. M.; Thompson, J.] South Dakota Sch Mines & Technol, Rapid City, SD USA. [Combs, D. C.; Leviner, L. E.; Phillips, D. G., II; Young, A. R.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Phys, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Cuesta, C.; Detwiler, J. A.; Doe, P. J.; Gruszko, J.; Leon, J.; Robertson, R. G. H.; Schubert, A. G.] Univ Washington, Ctr Expt Nucl Phys & Astrophys, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Cuesta, C.; Detwiler, J. A.; Doe, P. J.; Gruszko, J.; Leon, J.; Robertson, R. G. H.; Schubert, A. G.] Univ Washington, Dept Phys, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Efremenko, Yu.; Vasilyev, S.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Ejiri, H.; Hazama, R.; Nomachi, M.; Shima, T.] Osaka Univ, Res Ctr Nucl Phys, Osaka, Japan. [Ejiri, H.; Hazama, R.; Nomachi, M.; Shima, T.] Osaka Univ, Dept Phys, Osaka, Japan. [Finnerty, P.; Fraenkle, F. M.; Giovanetti, G. K.; Green, M. P.; Henning, R.; Howe, M. A.; MacMullin, S.; O'Shaughnessy, C.; Shanks, B.; Snavely, K. J.; Strain, J.; Vorren, K.; Wilkerson, J. F.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Phys & Astron, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Hallin, A. L.] Univ Alberta, Ctr Particle Phys, Edmonton, AB, Canada. [Kidd, M. F.] Tennessee Technol Univ, Dept Phys, Cookeville, TN USA. [Loach, J. C.] Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ, Shanghai 200030, Peoples R China. [Martin, R. D.; Pushkin, K.; Snyder, N.] Univ S Dakota, Dept Phys, Vermillion, SD 57069 USA. RP Keeter, KJ (reprint author), Black Hills State Univ, Dept Phys, Spearfish, SD 57799 USA. EM kara.keeter@bhsu.edu RI Barabash, Alexander/S-8851-2016 NR 22 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU SOUTH DAKOTA ACAD SCIENCE PI PIERRE PA HCR 531 BOX 97, PIERRE, SD 57501 USA SN 0096-378X J9 PROC S D ACAD SCI JI Proc. South Dak. Acad. Sci. PY 2013 VL 92 BP 7 EP 17 PG 11 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA BA5NH UT WOS:000336865800001 ER PT J AU Beasley, JC Grazia, TE Johns, PE Mayer, JJ AF Beasley, James C. Grazia, Tracy E. Johns, Paul E. Mayer, John J. TI Habitats associated with vehicle collisions with wild pigs SO WILDLIFE RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE boar; feral hog; habitat attributes; invasive species; road kill; Sus scrofa ID BOAR SUS-SCROFA; TRAFFIC COLLISIONS; ACCIDENTS; HIGHWAY; MORTALITY; ALBERTA; CANADA; CROP AB Context. Over the past few decades, the frequency of wild pig-vehicle collisions(WPVCs) and number of human fatalities associated with these accidents have increased with expanding populations of this species, particularly in regions outside its native distribution. Aims. To better understand this widespread and growing human safety threat, we quantified habitat attributes associated with 311 WPVC locations occurring between 1983 and 2012 at the Savannah River Site (SRS) in South Carolina, USA, to test the hypothesis that WPVCs occur more frequently in areas proximal to preferred habitats (i.e. riparian and bottomland hardwood habitats). Methods. At each collision site, we measured the distance to the nearest wetland and stream, as well as the composition of habitats within 100-m and 1699-m buffers. We then contrasted habitat attributes associated with collision sites with those from randomly selected locations along the same roads, to identify habitat characteristics contributing to a higher incidence of these accidents. Key results. WPVCs were non-randomly distributed across both spatial scales measured, with collisions occurring more frequently in areas of preferred habitat for this species. Specifically, collisions occurred in areas closer to streams and containing less pine forest than at random locations at both spatial scales evaluated. Conclusions. Similar to vehicle accidents with other ungulate species, our study suggested that vehicle collisions involving wild pigs are spatially clustered around preferred habitat types. Management efforts to reduce vehicle collisions with wild pigs should be focussed in areas where roadways bisect preferred habitats such as stream crossings and bottomland hardwood or other riparian habitats. Implications. These data will aid in the development of mitigation strategies to reduce the frequency and impacts of WPVCs in areas of high wild-pig densities. However, given the paucity of data on WPVC mitigation, additional research is needed to quantify the efficacy of various methods (e. g. signage, fencing, underpasses) at reducing the frequency and severity of collisions with this species. C1 [Beasley, James C.] Savannah River Ecol Lab, Aiken, SC 29802 USA. [Grazia, Tracy E.] Forest Serv Savannah River, USDA, New Ellenton, SC 29809 USA. [Johns, Paul E.] Carolina Wildlife Consultants, Aiken, SC 29803 USA. [Mayer, John J.] SRNS LLC, Savannah River Natl Lab, Aiken, SC 29808 USA. RP Beasley, JC (reprint author), Savannah River Ecol Lab, PO Drawer E, Aiken, SC 29802 USA. EM beasley@srel.uga.edu FU Department of Energy [DE-FC09-07SR22506]; USDA Forest Service-Savannah River [DE-AI09-00SR22188]; Savannah River Nuclear Solutions LLC [DE-AC09-08SR22470] FX We thank the late J. W. Reiner Sr, I. L. Brisbin Jr, G. R. Wein, F. A. Brooks, H. S. Ray, L. D. Wike, F. T. Stone, K. L. Grant, T. T. Mims and J. D. Nance for their efforts and assistance in the collection of data used in this study. Information from the site accident reports were provided by Wackenhut Security Inc., SRS. We appreciate the USA Department of Energy's Savannah River Site allowing us access to lands under their control. Financial support for this study was provided by the Department of Energy under Award Number DE-FC09-07SR22506 to the University of Georgia Research Foundation, the USDA Forest Service-Savannah River under contract DE-AI09-00SR22188, and the Savannah River Nuclear Solutions LLC under contract DE-AC09-08SR22470. NR 45 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 23 PU CSIRO PUBLISHING PI COLLINGWOOD PA 150 OXFORD ST, PO BOX 1139, COLLINGWOOD, VICTORIA 3066, AUSTRALIA SN 1035-3712 EI 1448-5494 J9 WILDLIFE RES JI Wildl. Res. PY 2013 VL 40 IS 8 BP 654 EP 660 DI 10.1071/WR13061 PG 7 WC Ecology; Zoology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology GA AI7OQ UT WOS:000337083300004 ER PT S AU Kim, B Rakich, PT Branch, DW Clews, P Nguyen, J Olsson, RH AF Kim, Bongsang Rakich, Peter T. Branch, Darren W. Clews, Peggy Nguyen, Janet Olsson, Roy H., III GP IEEE TI Dispersion Engineering in Aluminum Nitride Phononic Crystal Plates SO 2013 IEEE INTERNATIONAL ULTRASONICS SYMPOSIUM (IUS) SE IEEE International Ultrasonics Symposium LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE International Ultrasonics Symposium (IUS) CY JUL 21-25, 2013 CL Prague, CZECH REPUBLIC SP IEEE DE Aluminum nitride; dispersion; phononic crystal plates AB The dispersive properties of phononic crystals can be utilized to manipulate the phononic impedance of a material and to engineer the frequency-delay response of time domain signal processing circuits. In this paper we study, in both the frequency and time domains, the dispersive properties of phononic crystals formed in thin suspended plates of aluminum nitride. C1 [Kim, Bongsang] Bosch Res & Technol Ctr, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA. [Rakich, Peter T.] Yale Univ, Dept Appl Phys, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [Branch, Darren W.; Clews, Peggy; Nguyen, Janet; Olsson, Roy H., III] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM USA. RP Kim, B (reprint author), Bosch Res & Technol Ctr, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA. EM rholsso@sandia.gov FU DDRE under Air Force [FA8721-05-C-000]; MesoDynamic Architectures program at DARPA; U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DEAC04-94AL85000] FX This work was supported by the DDRE under Air Force contract number FA8721-05-C-000,the MesoDynamic Architectures program at DARPA under the direction of Dr. Jeffrey Rogers. Sandia National Laboratories is a multiprogram laboratory managed and operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corporation, for the U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DEAC04-94AL85000. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1948-5719 BN 978-1-4673-5686-2 J9 IEEE INT ULTRA SYM PY 2013 BP 713 EP 716 DI 10.1109/ULTSYM.2013.0186 PG 4 WC Acoustics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Acoustics; Engineering GA BA5IA UT WOS:000336665300183 ER PT J AU Eichenfield, M Olsson, RH AF Eichenfield, M. Olsson, R. H., III GP IEEE TI Design, fabrication, and measurement of RF IDTs for efficient coupling to wavelength-scale structures in thin piezoelectric films SO 2013 IEEE INTERNATIONAL ULTRASONICS SYMPOSIUM (IUS) SE IEEE International Ultrasonics Symposium LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE International Ultrasonics Symposium (IUS) CY JUL 21-25, 2013 CL Prague, CZECH REPUBLIC SP IEEE DE Aluminum nitride; acoustic focusing; Lamb wave transducers; Doppler vibrometry ID CRYSTALS AB Transducers are designed and fabricated that produce a Gaussian acoustic beam in a 750 nm thick suspended aluminum nitride membrane. The properties of the acoustic beam formed by the transducer are studied by means of a scanning confocal balanced homodyne interferometer, which we use for Doppler vibrometery. We also study the RF transmission properties of the acoustic beams as they interact with sub-wavelength aperture waveguides. C1 [Eichenfield, M.; Olsson, R. H., III] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Eichenfield, M (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM rholsso@sandia.gov NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4673-5686-2 J9 IEEE INT ULTRA SYM PY 2013 BP 745 EP 748 DI 10.1109/ULTSYM.2013.0194 PG 4 WC Acoustics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Acoustics; Engineering GA BA5IA UT WOS:000336665300191 ER PT S AU Suthar, KJ Sankaranarayanan, SKRS Richardson, M Bhethanabotla, V AF Suthar, Kamlesh J. Sankaranarayanan, Subramanian K. R. S. Richardson, Mandek Bhethanabotla, Venkat GP IEEE TI Comparison of Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluid dynamics on removal efficiency of non-specifically bound proteins in SAW biosensors SO 2013 IEEE INTERNATIONAL ULTRASONICS SYMPOSIUM (IUS) SE IEEE International Ultrasonics Symposium LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE International Ultrasonics Symposium (IUS) CY JUL 21-25, 2013 CL Prague, CZECH REPUBLIC SP IEEE DE Biofouling; Biosensing; FSI simulation; non-Newtonian fluid; newtonian fluid; SAW devices AB Surface acoustic wave (SAW) devices are finding increasing use in medical diagnostic applications, such as detection of specific proteins in bodily fluids for detection of pathologies. In applications aimed at biological sensing, the sensing medium such as blood exhibits a Non-Newtonian behavior. We have recently shown that SAW induced acoustic streaming which refers to fluid motion induced by high frequency sound waves, is an important phenomenon that can be used for the removal of non-specifically bound (NSB) proteins from the device surface(1). The removal efficiencies of NSB can be significantly different when the device interacts with Non-Newtonian fluids. This work reports on the influence of non-Newtonian fluid dynamics on the acoustic streaming and fluid velocity profiles in SAW devices, using a computational fluid-structure interaction finite element model. A two-port SAW device, based on 100 MHz YZ Lithium Niobate substrate, in contact with a fluid film was modeled using a three-dimensional bi-directionally coupled fluid-structure interaction model. Blood is modeled as a Non-Newtonian fluid whose viscosity is defined using the Carreau model. To elucidate the effect of non-Newtonian dynamics on acoustic streaming, results are compared with Newtonian fluid with viscosity at infinite shear rate. A transient analysis of the fluid flow profiles on the SAW device indicates significant differences between fluid velocity patterns, magnitudes of fluid velocities, and wall shear stresses for Non-Newtonian fluid loading on the device when compared to a Newtonian fluid. Our results indicate that the peak fluid velocities decreased for non-Newtonian fluid loading suggesting a significant viscous dissipation of energy as compared to the case of a Newtonian fluid. The extent of induced shear stresses at the piezoelectric device-fluid interface is almost two orders of magnitude higher for Non-Newtonian fluids. These results have implications in biosensing as well as micro-fluidic applications involving Non-Newtonian fluids. C1 [Suthar, Kamlesh J.] Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Sankaranarayanan, Subramanian K. R. S.] Ctr Nanoscale Mat, Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Richardson, Mandek; Bhethanabotla, Venkat] Univ S Florida, Chem & Biomed Engn, Tampa, FL USA. RP Suthar, KJ (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM suthar@anl.gov; skrssank@anl.gov; bhethana@anl.gov FU U. S. Department of Energy; Office of Science; Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02- 06CH11357] FX Use of the Center for Nanoscale Materials was supported by the U. S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02- 06CH11357. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 11 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1948-5719 BN 978-1-4673-5686-2 J9 IEEE INT ULTRA SYM PY 2013 BP 1339 EP 1342 DI 10.1109/ULTSYM.2013.0343 PG 4 WC Acoustics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Acoustics; Engineering GA BA5IA UT WOS:000336665300340 ER PT S AU Richardson, M Koochakzadeh, S Bhethanabotla, VR Suthar, K Sankaranarayanan, SKRS AF Richardson, M. Koochakzadeh, S. Bhethanabotla, V. R. Suthar, K. Sankaranarayanan, S. K. R. S. GP IEEE TI Investigation of Delay Path Modifications of Surface Acoustic Wave Sensors SO 2013 IEEE INTERNATIONAL ULTRASONICS SYMPOSIUM (IUS) SE IEEE International Ultrasonics Symposium LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE International Ultrasonics Symposium (IUS) CY JUL 21-25, 2013 CL Prague, CZECH REPUBLIC SP IEEE DE Surface Acoustic Wave (SAW); microcavities; insertion loss; lithium tantalate; ST-quartz; FEM AB Surface Acoustic Wave (SAW) sensors monitor the interaction between a receptor and its target in real time through changes in the properties of the traveling wave (i.e. frequency or phase, and amplitude). A key sensing parameter is power consumption. To increase power transfer we have developed a SAW sensor with microcavities in the delay path on 36 degrees YX LiTaO3 and 90 degrees ST-X Quartz. Three parameters were identified that determine the effectiveness of microcavities: 1) IDT offset, 2) microcavity depth, and 3) microcavity cross-sectional area. Finite element (FE) simulations were performed using ANSYS to determine the optimum value of each parameter to decrease insertion loss (I.L.). Our results show that the best parameter values are; IDT offset = 10 mu m, microcavity depth = 2.5 mu m and microcavity cross-sectional area = 10 mu m x 10 mu m, for a device with center frequency of about 100 MHz. C1 [Richardson, M.; Koochakzadeh, S.; Bhethanabotla, V. R.] Univ S Florida, Dept Chem & Biomed Engn, Tampa, FL 33612 USA. [Suthar, K.; Sankaranarayanan, S. K. R. S.] Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Nanoscale Materials, Argonne, IL USA. RP Richardson, M (reprint author), Univ S Florida, Dept Chem & Biomed Engn, Tampa, FL 33612 USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1948-5719 BN 978-1-4673-5686-2 J9 IEEE INT ULTRA SYM PY 2013 BP 1946 EP 1948 DI 10.1109/ULTSYM.2013.0496 PG 3 WC Acoustics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Acoustics; Engineering GA BA5IA UT WOS:000336665300495 ER PT B AU Field, RV Grigoriu, M AF Field, R. V., Jr. Grigoriu, M. BE DOnofrio, A TI Model Selection for Random Functions with Bounded Range: Applications in Science and Engineering SO BOUNDED NOISES IN PHYSICS, BIOLOGY, AND ENGINEERING LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE Decision theory; Model selection; Random fields; Shock and vibration; Stochastic processes ID RANDOM-FIELDS AB Differential, integral, algebraic, and other equations can be used to describe the many types of systems encountered in applied science and engineering. Because of uncertainty, the specification of these equations often requires probabilistic models to describe the uncertainty in input and/or system properties. Since the available information on input and system properties is typically limited, there may be more than one model that is consistent with the available information. The collection of these models is referred to as the collection of candidate models C. A main objective in model selection is the identification of the member of C which is optimal in some sense. Methods are developed for finding optimal models for random functions under limited information. The available information consists of: (a) one or more samples of the function and (b) knowledge that the function takes values in a bounded set, but whose actual boundary may or may not be known. In the latter case, the boundary of the set must be estimated from the available samples. The methods are developed and applied to the special case of non-Gaussian random functions referred to as translation random functions. Numerical examples are presented to illustrate the utility of the proposed approach for model selection, including optimal continuous time stochastic processes for structural reliability, and optimal random fields for representing material properties for applications in mechanical engineering. C1 [Field, R. V., Jr.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Grigoriu, M.] Cornell Univ, Ithaca, NY USA. RP Field, RV (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM rvfield@sandia.gov; mdg12@cornell.edu NR 30 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY BN 978-1-4614-7384-8; 978-1-4614-7385-5 PY 2013 BP 247 EP 271 DI 10.1007/978-1-4614-7385-5_15 D2 10.1007/978-1-4614-7385-5 PG 25 WC Mechanics; Physics, Applied; Physics, Mathematical SC Mechanics; Physics GA BA2OA UT WOS:000333712500016 ER PT S AU Cheng, MD AF Cheng, Meng-Dawn BE Pierucci, S Klemes, JJ TI Vapor-Particle Separation Using Microporous Metallic Membrane in Crossflow Filtration SO ICHEAP-11: 11TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON CHEMICAL AND PROCESS ENGINEERING, PTS 1-4 SE Chemical Engineering Transactions LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 11th International Conference on Chemical and Process Engineering (ICheaP) CY JUN 02-05, 2013 CL Milan, ITALY ID EXHAUST AB Simultaneous separation of vapor and particles in industrial processes could be a key step toward manufacturing of high-quality goods. The separation is critical for successful measurement of volatile or semi-volatile aerosol particles, which no reliable technique exists. We have developed a technique for separation of vapor and particles simultaneously using a specialty microporous metallic membrane. The separator allows the thermally denuded particles traverse straight through the membrane tube, while the vapor molecules permeate through the membrane, separate from the particles and are removed subsequently. The separation technique virtually eliminates the possibility of contamination by vapor recondensation. We tested the prototype of the vapor-particle separator (VPS) using aerosols prepared from sodium chloride to represent non-volatile aerosols. Chemical like dioctyl phthalate was chosen to represent volatile particles. The test aerosol particles were generated by an atomizer followed by a tandem differential mobility analyser to produce a stream of monodisperse particles in the size range of 10 to 100 nm. In real world particles, we tested the VPS using diesel engine particles that is a mixture of complex chemical composition. Number concentration of the nonvolatile particles reduced as the temperature increased, but the mode diameter of the aerosol population remained unchanged. Number concentration of the volatile particles was also reduced as the temperature increased, but their mode diameters became smaller as particles shrunk in diameter. Differences in the thermal behaviour of the particles were attributed to its transition energy barrier and evaporation rate. Mass balance analysis suggests the separation of vapor and test particles was reasonably complete. Thus, we conclude the VPS could provide an effective means for quantitative characterization of aerosol volatility and separation of vapors from particles. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Environm & Energy Directorate, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Cheng, MD (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Environm & Energy Directorate, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM chengmd@ornl.gov RI Cheng, Meng-Dawn/C-1098-2012 NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU AIDIC SERVIZI SRL PI MILANO PA VIA GIUSEPPE COLOMBO 81/A, MILANO, MI 20133, ITALY SN 1974-9791 BN 978-88-95608-23-5 J9 CHEM ENGINEER TRANS PY 2013 VL 32 BP 2125 EP 2130 DI 10.3303/CET1332355 PG 6 WC Engineering, Chemical SC Engineering GA BA4LG UT WOS:000335952100355 ER PT J AU Thompson, J Santos-Villalobos, H Karakaya, M Barstow, D Bolme, D Boehnen, C AF Thompson, Joseph Santos-Villalobos, Hector Karakaya, Mahmut Barstow, Del Bolme, David Boehnen, Chris GP IEEE TI Off-Angle Iris Correction using a Biological Model SO 2013 IEEE SIXTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON BIOMETRICS: THEORY, APPLICATIONS AND SYSTEMS (BTAS) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE 6th International Conference on Biometrics - Theory, Applications and Systems (BTAS) CY SEP 29-OCT 02, 2013 CL Washington, DC SP IEEE, Lumidigm, Safran Morpho, SPOTR, Progeny Syst, Digital Signal Corp, Inst Engn & Technol, Cognitec, IEEE Biometr Council, IEEE Syst, Man, & Cybermet Soc AB This work implements an eye model to simulate corneal refraction effects. Using this model, ray tracing is performed to calculate transforms to remove refractive effects in off-angle iris images when reprojected to a frontal view. The correction process is used as a preprocessing step for off-angle iris images for input to a commercial matcher. With this method, a match score distribution mean improvement of 11.65% for 30 degree images, 44.94% for 40 degree images, and 146.1% improvement for 50 degree images is observed versus match score distributions with unmodified images. C1 [Thompson, Joseph; Santos-Villalobos, Hector; Karakaya, Mahmut; Barstow, Del; Bolme, David; Boehnen, Chris] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. RP Thompson, J (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. EM jthomp11@nd.edu; hsantos@ornl.gov; karakayam@ornl.gov; barstowdr@ornl.gov; bolmeds@ornl.gov; boehnencb@ornl.gov NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4799-0527-0 PY 2013 PG 8 WC Mathematical & Computational Biology SC Mathematical & Computational Biology GA BA4PA UT WOS:000336080600009 ER PT S AU Kini, RN Mascarenhas, A AF Kini, Rajeev N. Mascarenhas, Angelo BE Li, H Wang, ZM TI Effect of Bismuth Alloying on the Transport Properties of the Dilute Bismide Alloy, GaAs1-xBix SO BISMUTH-CONTAINING COMPOUNDS SE Springer Series in Materials Science LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID MOLECULAR-BEAM EPITAXY; III-V COMPOUNDS; GALLIUM-PHOSPHIDE; BAND-GAP; TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENCE; ISOELECTRONIC TRAPS; EFFECTIVE-MASS; GAAS; SEMICONDUCTORS; NITROGEN AB We studied the effect of Bi incorporation on the carrier mobilities and electron effective mass in the dilute Bismide alloy, GaAs1-xBix, using electrical transport and photoluminescence techniques. We observed no significant degradation in the electron Hall mobility with Bi incorporation in GaAs, up to a concentration of 1.2 %. At higher Bi concentration (>= 1.6 %) some degradation of the electron mobility was observed, although there is no apparent trend. Our measurements show that the hole Hall mobility decreases with increasing Bi concentration. Analysis of the temperature-dependent Hall transport data of p-type GaAs1-xBix epilayers along with low-temperature PL measurements of p-doped and undoped epilayers suggests that Bi incorporation results in the formation of several trap levels above the valence band which we attribute to Bi-Bi pair states. The decrease in hole mobility with increasing Bi concentration can be explained as being caused by scattering at the isolated Bi and the Bi-Bi pair states. Magnetic field-and temperature--dependent resistivity measurements on n-type GaAs1-xBix showed clear Shubnikov de Haas (SdH) oscillations up to a concentration of 0.88 %. The measured electron effective mass exhibits a gradual increase up to a concentration of 0.4 % Bi and then a gradual decrease. Accounting for the giant bandgap and spin-orbit bowing, the measured changes in the effective mass are in qualitative agreement with perturbation theory applied to these band changes, confirming that Bi mainly perturbs the valence band. C1 [Kini, Rajeev N.] Indian Inst Sci Educ & Res Thiruvananthapuram IIS, Thiruvananthapuram 695016, Kerala, India. [Mascarenhas, Angelo] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Kini, RN (reprint author), Indian Inst Sci Educ & Res Thiruvananthapuram IIS, CET Campus,Engn Coll PO, Thiruvananthapuram 695016, Kerala, India. EM rajeevkini@iisertvm.ac.in; angelo.mascarenhas@nrel.gov OI Kini, Rajeev/0000-0002-3305-9346 NR 48 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0933-033X BN 978-1-4614-8120-1; 978-1-4614-8121-8 J9 SPRINGER SER MATER S PY 2013 VL 186 BP 181 EP 200 DI 10.1007/978-1-4614-8121-8_8 D2 10.1007/978-1-4614-8121-8 PG 20 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA BA1UE UT WOS:000333102800009 ER PT S AU Chertkov, M Gelfand, A Shin, J AF Chertkov, M. Gelfand, A. Shin, J. BE Hukushima, K Inoue, JI Kabashima, Y Tanaka, T Watanabe, O TI Loop calculus and bootstrap-belief propagation for perfect matchings on arbitrary graphs SO ELC INTERNATIONAL MEETING ON INFERENCE, COMPUTATION, AND SPIN GLASSES (ICSG2013) SE Journal of Physics Conference Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT ELC International Meeting on Inference, Computation, and Spin Glasses (ICSG) CY JUL 28-30, 2013 CL Sapporo, JAPAN SP Exploring Limits Computat ID INFERENCE AB This manuscript discusses computation of the Partition Function (PF) and the Minimum Weight Perfect Matching (MWPM) on arbitrary, non-bipartite graphs. We present two novel problem formulations - one for computing the PF of a Perfect Matching (PM) and one for finding MWPMs - that build upon the inter-related Bethe Free Energy (BFE), Belief Propagation (BP), Loop Calculus (LC), Integer Linear Programming and Linear Programming frameworks. First, we describe an extension of the LC framework to the PM problem. The resulting formulas, coined (fractional) Bootstrap-BP, express the PF of the original model via the BFE of an alternative PM problem. We then study the zero-temperature version of this Bootstrap-BP formula for approximately solving the MWPM problem. We do so by leveraging the Bootstrap-BP formula to construct a sequence of MWPM problems, where each new problem in the sequence is formed by contracting odd-sized cycles (or blossoms) from the previous problem. This Bootstrap-and-Contract procedure converges reliably and generates an empirically tight upper bound for the MWPM. We conclude by discussing the relationship between our iterative procedure and the famous Blossom Algorithm of Edmonds '65 and demonstrate the performance of the Bootstrap-and-Contract approach on a variety of weighted PM problems. C1 [Chertkov, M.; Gelfand, A.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Gelfand, A.] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Comp Sci, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. [Shin, J.] IBM Corp, Math Sci Dept, Yorktown Hts, NY 10598 USA. RP Chertkov, M (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM chertkov@lanl.gov RI Chertkov, Michael/O-8828-2015; OI Chertkov, Michael/0000-0002-6758-515X NR 33 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1742-6588 J9 J PHYS CONF SER PY 2013 VL 473 AR UNSP 012007 DI 10.1088/1742-6596/473/1/012007 PG 13 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA BA4SI UT WOS:000336211600007 ER PT S AU Imam, N Poole, SW AF Imam, N. Poole, S. W. BE Ao, SI Douglas, C Grundfest, WS Burgstone, J TI Discrete Event Simulation of Optical Switch Matrix Performance in Computer Networks SO WORLD CONGRESS ON ENGINEERING AND COMPUTER SCIENCE, WCECS 2013, VOL II SE Lecture Notes in Engineering and Computer Science LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT World Congress on Engineering and Computer Science CY OCT 23-25, 2013 CL San Francisco, CA SP IAENG, Soc Artificial Intelligence, IAENG, Soc Bioinformat, IAENG, Soc Comp Sci, IAENG, Soc Data Mining, IAENG, Soc Elect Engn, IAENG, Soc HIV AIDS, IAENG, Soc Imaging Engn, IAENG, Soc Ind Engn, IAENG, Soc Informat Syst Engn, IAENG, Soc Internet Comp & Web Serv, IAENG, Soc Mech Engn, IAENG, Soc Operat Res, IAENG, Soc Sci Comp, IAENG, Soc Software Engn, IAENG, Soc Wireless Networks DE discrete event simulator (DES); distributed computing; high performance computing (HPC); optical switches; performance modeling AB In this paper, we present application of a Discrete Event Simulator (DES) for performance modeling of optical switching devices in computer networks. Network simulators are valuable tools in situations where one cannot investigate the system directly. This situation may arise if the system under study does not exist yet or the cost of studying the system directly is prohibitive. Most available network simulators are based on the paradigm of discrete-event-based simulation. As computer networks become increasingly larger and more complex, sophisticated DES tool chains have become available for both commercial and academic research. Some well-known simulators are NS2, NS3, OPNET, and OMNEST. For this research, we have applied OMNEST for the purpose of simulating multi-wavelength performance of optical switch matrices in computer interconnection networks. Our results suggest that the application of DES to computer interconnection networks provides valuable insight in device performance and aids in topology and system optimization. C1 [Imam, N.; Poole, S. W.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Comp Sci & Math Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Imam, N (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Comp Sci & Math Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM imamn@ornl.gov; spoole@ornl.gov NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU INT ASSOC ENGINEERS-IAENG PI HONG KONG PA UNIT1, 1-F, 37-39 HUNG TO ROAD, KWUN TONG, HONG KONG, 00000, PEOPLES R CHINA SN 2078-0958 BN 978-988-19253-1-2 J9 LECT NOTES ENG COMP PY 2013 VL Ao, BP 1098 EP 1103 PG 6 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering, Multidisciplinary SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BA4JU UT WOS:000335870300094 ER PT S AU Tan, L Chen, ZZ Zong, ZL Ge, R Li, D AF Tan, Li Chen, Zizhong Zong, Ziliang Ge, Rong Li, Dong GP IEEE TI A2E: Adaptively Aggressive Energy Efficient DVFS Scheduling for Data Intensive Applications SO 2013 IEEE 32ND INTERNATIONAL PERFORMANCE COMPUTING AND COMMUNICATIONS CONFERENCE (IPCCC) SE IEEE International Performance Computing and Communications Conference (IPCCC) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 32nd IEEE International Performance, Computing, and Communications Conference (IPCCC) CY DEC 06-08, 2013 CL San Diego, CA SP IEEE, IEEE Comp Soc, IEEECS Tech Comm Simulat DE energy; performance; DVFS; adaptive; aggressive; speculative; data intensive; memory accesses; disk accesses AB Featured by high portability and programmability, Dynamic Voltage and Frequency Scaling (DVFS) has been widely employed to achieve energy efficiency for high performance applications on distributed-memory architectures nowadays through various scheduling algorithms. Generally, different forms of slack from load imbalance, network latency, communication delay, memory and disk access stalls, etc. are exploited as energy saving opportunities where peak CPU performance is not necessary, with little or limited performance loss. The deployment of DVFS for communication intensive applications is straightforward due to the explicit boundary between Energy Saving Blocks (ESBs) at source code level, while for data (e. g., memory and disk access) intensive applications it is difficult for applying DVFS since ESB boundary is implicit due to mixed types of workloads. We propose an adaptively aggressive DVFS scheduling strategy to achieve energy efficiency for data intensive applications, and further save energy via speculation to mitigate DVFS overhead for imbalanced branches. We implemented and evaluated our approach using five memory and disk access intensive benchmarks with imbalanced branches against another two energy saving approaches. The experimental results indicate an average of 32.6% energy savings were achieved with 6.2% average performance loss compared to the original executions on a power-aware 64-core cluster. C1 [Tan, Li; Chen, Zizhong] Univ Calif Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Zong, Ziliang] Texas State Univ, San Marcos, TX USA. [Ge, Rong] Marquette Univ, Milwaukee, WI 53233 USA. [Li, Dong] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. RP Tan, L (reprint author), Univ Calif Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. EM ltan003@cs.ucr.edu; chen@cs.ucr.edu; zz11@txstate.edu; rong.ge@marquette.edu; lid1@ornl.gov FU US National Science Foundation [CNS-1l18043, CNS-1l16691,, CNS-1304969, CNS-1305359, CNS-1305382] FX This research is partly supported by US National Science Foundation, under the grants #CNS-1l18043, #CNS-1l16691, #CNS-1304969, #CNS-1305359, and #CNS-1305382. NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1097-2641 BN 978-1-4799-3214-6; 978-1-4799-3213-9 J9 IEEE IPCCC PY 2013 PG 10 WC Telecommunications SC Telecommunications GA BA4EG UT WOS:000335495800014 ER PT J AU Moller, P Randrup, J AF Moeller, P. Randrup, J. BE Otsu, H Motobayashi, T RousselChomaz, P Otsuka, T TI STUDIES OF FISSION-YIELD MODELS SO FRENCH-JAPANESE SYMPOSIUM ON NUCLEAR STRUCTURE PROBLEMS: ORGANIZED IN THE FRAMEWORK OF FJNSP LIA AND EFES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT French-Japanese Symposium on Nuclear Structure Problems CY JAN 05-08, 2011 CL RIKEN Nishina Ctr, Wako, JAPAN SP Univ Tokyo, Ctr Nucl Study HO RIKEN Nishina Ctr DE Fission yields; Brownian motion ID NUCLEAR-FISSION AB We study further a recent model for fission-fragment yield distributions based on Brownian shape motion on 5D potential-energy surfaces. Previously it was shown that this model describes well the transition between symmetric and asymmetric fission in the light Th region; here we study this transition near Fm-258 and compare to scission-type yield models. We also study the impact of the relative density of grid points in the different shape coordinates. Although extreme changes in grid spacing affect the calculated yields to some degree, we find that the full 5D model with our origina grid choice is remarkably robust and that it is therefore suitable for applications, for example fission yields relevant for fission recycling in the r-process and its termination by fission. C1 [Moeller, P.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Moller, P (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM moller@lanl.gov; jrandrup@lbl.gov NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA PO BOX 128 FARRER RD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE BN 978-981-4417-94-5 PY 2013 BP 199 EP 203 PG 5 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA BA4NX UT WOS:000336045300040 ER PT S AU Bedzyk, MJ AF Bedzyk, Michael J. BE Zegenhagen, J Kazimirov, A TI X-RAY STANDING WAVE AT THE TOTAL REFLECTION CONDITION SO X-RAY STANDING WAVE TECHNIQUE: PRINCIPLES AND APPLICATIONS SE Series on Synchrotron Radiation Techniques and Applications LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID SURFACE-LAYERS; FILMS; MEMBRANES; FLUORESCENCE; INTERFACE AB Fresnel theory is used to derive the complex electric fields above and below an X-ray reflecting interface that separates two materials with differing refraction indices. The interference between the incident and reflected waves produces an X-ray standing wave (XSW) above the reflecting interface. The XSW intensity modulation is strongly enhanced by the total external reflection condition, which occurs at incident angles less than the critical angle. At these small milliradian incident angles, the XSW period (lambda/2 theta) becomes very large, which makes the TR-XSW an ideal probe for studying low-density structures that extend 1 to 1000 nm above the reflecting interface. C1 [Bedzyk, Michael J.] Northwestern Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. [Bedzyk, Michael J.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Bedzyk, MJ (reprint author), Northwestern Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Cook Hall, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. RI Bedzyk, Michael/B-7503-2009 NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA PO BOX 128 FARRER RD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE SN 2010-2844 BN 978-981-2779-01-4; 978-981-2779-00-7 J9 S SYN RADI TECH APPL PY 2013 VL 7 BP 94 EP 107 D2 10.1142/6666 PG 14 WC Physics, Applied; Spectroscopy SC Physics; Spectroscopy GA BA1YC UT WOS:000333149900006 ER PT S AU Bedzyk, MJ Libera, JA AF Bedzyk, Michael J. Libera, Joseph A. BE Zegenhagen, J Kazimirov, A TI X-RAY STANDING WAVE IN MULTILAYERS SO X-RAY STANDING WAVE TECHNIQUE: PRINCIPLES AND APPLICATIONS SE Series on Synchrotron Radiation Techniques and Applications LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID FILMS; REFLECTION; MEMBRANES; SURFACES AB An extension of Fresnel theory is used to describe how reflectivity from a periodic multilayer mirror generates an X-ray standing wave (XSW) above the mirror surface. This long-period XSW is used to study distribution profiles of atoms within deposited ultra-thin organic films and ions at the liquid-solid interface. C1 [Bedzyk, Michael J.] Northwestern Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. [Bedzyk, Michael J.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Libera, Joseph A.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Energy Syst, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Bedzyk, MJ (reprint author), Northwestern Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Cook Hall, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. RI Bedzyk, Michael/B-7503-2009 NR 23 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA PO BOX 128 FARRER RD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE SN 2010-2844 BN 978-981-2779-01-4; 978-981-2779-00-7 J9 S SYN RADI TECH APPL PY 2013 VL 7 BP 122 EP 131 D2 10.1142/6666 PG 10 WC Physics, Applied; Spectroscopy SC Physics; Spectroscopy GA BA1YC UT WOS:000333149900008 ER PT S AU Bedzyk, MJ Fenter, P AF Bedzyk, Michael J. Fenter, Paul BE Zegenhagen, J Kazimirov, A TI XSW IMAGING SO X-RAY STANDING WAVE TECHNIQUE: PRINCIPLES AND APPLICATIONS SE Series on Synchrotron Radiation Techniques and Applications LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID RAY STANDING-WAVE; INTERFACE; SURFACE; PHASE; TRANSITION; MONOLAYERS AB The summation of XSW measured hkl Fourier components is used to generate a model-independent real-space map of an XRF-selected atomic distribution. As a demonstration, this Fourier inversion method is used to generate a set of 1D maps for a set of naturally occurring impurity ions within a mica crystal and a 3D map for adsorbed Sn atoms on a Ge(111) single crystal surface. C1 [Bedzyk, Michael J.] Northwestern Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. [Bedzyk, Michael J.] Northwestern Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. [Bedzyk, Michael J.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Fenter, Paul] Argonne Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Engn Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Bedzyk, MJ (reprint author), Northwestern Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, 2220 Campus Dr, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. RI Bedzyk, Michael/B-7503-2009 NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA PO BOX 128 FARRER RD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE SN 2010-2844 BN 978-981-2779-01-4; 978-981-2779-00-7 J9 S SYN RADI TECH APPL PY 2013 VL 7 BP 289 EP 302 D2 10.1142/6666 PG 14 WC Physics, Applied; Spectroscopy SC Physics; Spectroscopy GA BA1YC UT WOS:000333149900016 ER PT S AU Kazimirov, A Zegenhagen, J Lee, TL Bedzyk, M AF Kazimirov, Alexander Zegenhagen, Joerg Lee, Tien-Lin Bedzyk, Michael BE Zegenhagen, J Kazimirov, A TI X-RAY STANDING WAVES IN THIN CRYSTALS: PROBING THE POLARITY OF THIN EPITAXIAL FILMS SO X-RAY STANDING WAVE TECHNIQUE: PRINCIPLES AND APPLICATIONS SE Series on Synchrotron Radiation Techniques and Applications LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID PIEZOELECTRIC POLARIZATION; ALGAN/GAN HETEROSTRUCTURES; ABSORPTION EDGES; GAN; DIFFRACTION; FLUORESCENCE; DEPENDENCE; SAPPHIRE; DOMAINS AB In thin crystals, an X-ray standing wave field is generated by the interference between the strong incident wave and the weak Bragg diffracted X-ray wave. Though the spatial modulation of the interference field is greatly reduced, the XSW method retains the same structural sensitivity as in thick perfect crystals diffracting dynamically. Because the diffraction curve from a thin crystal is broad, the XSW technique is much less sensitive to lattice imperfections. As examples, we demonstrate in this chapter how this technique can be applied to determine the "as-grown" and "externally switched" polarity in epitaxial thin films. With modern SR sources, the standing wave in an ultra-thin film of only 25 unit cells can be generated and utilized for precise structural investigation. C1 [Kazimirov, Alexander] Cornell Univ, Cornell High Energy Synchrotron Source CHESS, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Zegenhagen, Joerg; Lee, Tien-Lin] European Synchrotron Radiat Facil ESRF, F-38043 Grenoble, France. [Bedzyk, Michael] Northwestern Univ, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. [Bedzyk, Michael] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Kazimirov, A (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Cornell High Energy Synchrotron Source CHESS, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. NR 35 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA PO BOX 128 FARRER RD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE SN 2010-2844 BN 978-981-2779-01-4; 978-981-2779-00-7 J9 S SYN RADI TECH APPL PY 2013 VL 7 BP 326 EP 341 D2 10.1142/6666 PG 16 WC Physics, Applied; Spectroscopy SC Physics; Spectroscopy GA BA1YC UT WOS:000333149900018 ER PT S AU Fenter, P AF Fenter, Paul BE Zegenhagen, J Kazimirov, A TI APPLICATIONS OF XSW IN INTERFACIAL GEOCHEMISTRY SO X-RAY STANDING WAVE TECHNIQUE: PRINCIPLES AND APPLICATIONS SE Series on Synchrotron Radiation Techniques and Applications LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID RAY STANDING-WAVE; METAL OXIDE INTERFACES; RUTILE-WATER INTERFACE; DOUBLE-LAYER; 0001 SURFACE; CALCITE; ADSORPTION; MINERALS AB The application of XSW for probing structures and processes relevant to interfacial geochemistry is reviewed. Examples given include the imaging of 3D cation adsorption sites, mineral surface terminations, and cation incorporation in biofilms. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Engn Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Fenter, P (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Engn Div, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA PO BOX 128 FARRER RD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE SN 2010-2844 BN 978-981-2779-01-4; 978-981-2779-00-7 J9 S SYN RADI TECH APPL PY 2013 VL 7 BP 369 EP 377 D2 10.1142/6666 PG 9 WC Physics, Applied; Spectroscopy SC Physics; Spectroscopy GA BA1YC UT WOS:000333149900021 ER PT S AU Yang, SH Sell, BC Mun, BS Fadley, CS AF Yang, S. -H. Sell, B. C. Mun, B. S. Fadley, C. S. BE Zegenhagen, J Kazimirov, A TI PROBING MULTILAYER NANOSTRUCTURES WITH PHOTOELECTRON AND X-RAY EMISSION SPECTROSCOPIES EXCITED BY X-RAY STANDING WAVES SO X-RAY STANDING WAVE TECHNIQUE: PRINCIPLES AND APPLICATIONS SE Series on Synchrotron Radiation Techniques and Applications LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID RESOLVED PHOTOEMISSION-SPECTROSCOPY; DIFFRACTION AB We discuss a newly developed X-ray standing wave/wedge method for probing the composition, magnetization, and electronic densities of states in buried layers and interfaces of spintronic and other nanostructures. In work based on photoemission, this method has permitted determining concentration and magnetization profiles through giant magnetoresistive and magnetic tunnel junction structures, as well as individual layer densities of states near the Fermi level in a tunnel junction. Using X-ray emission and resonant inelastic X-ray scattering for detection has permitted probing deeper layers and interfaces in a giant magnetoresistance structure. Various future applications of this method in nanomagnetism and other fields of nanoscience are suggested, including using more energetic hard X-ray standing waves so as to probe more deeply below a surface and standing wave excitation in spectromicroscopy to provide depth sensitivity. C1 [Yang, S. -H.] IBM Almaden Res Ctr, San Jose, CA 95120 USA. [Sell, B. C.; Fadley, C. S.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Phys, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Sell, B. C.; Mun, B. S.; Fadley, C. S.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Sell, B. C.] Otterbein Coll, Dept Phys, Westerville, OH 43081 USA. [Mun, B. S.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Adv Light Source, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Mun, B. S.] Hanyang Univ, Dept Appl Phys, Ansan 426791, Kyeonggi, South Korea. RP Yang, SH (reprint author), IBM Almaden Res Ctr, San Jose, CA 95120 USA. EM fadley@physics.ucdavis.edu NR 22 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 2 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA PO BOX 128 FARRER RD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE SN 2010-2844 BN 978-981-2779-01-4; 978-981-2779-00-7 J9 S SYN RADI TECH APPL PY 2013 VL 7 BP 475 EP 492 D2 10.1142/6666 PG 18 WC Physics, Applied; Spectroscopy SC Physics; Spectroscopy GA BA1YC UT WOS:000333149900029 ER PT B AU Garvey, GT AF Garvey, G. T. BA Henley, EM Ellis, SD BF Henley, EM Ellis, SD TI 100 Years of Nuclear Mass Measurements and Models SO 100 YEARS OF SUBATOMIC PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID NEUTRON-STAR DENSITIES; FINITE NUCLEI; SKYRME PARAMETRIZATION; ISOTOPES; SUBNUCLEAR; ENERGIES; ELEMENTS; MATTER; FORCE; TABLE C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Garvey, GT (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 54 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA PO BOX 128 FARRER RD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE BN 978-981-4425-81-0; 978-981-4425-79-7 PY 2013 BP 33 EP 45 D2 10.1142/8605 PG 13 WC History & Philosophy Of Science; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC History & Philosophy of Science; Physics GA BA1DS UT WOS:000332406700004 ER PT B AU Vogt, R Randrup, J AF Vogt, Ramona Randrup, Jorgen BA Henley, EM Ellis, SD BF Henley, EM Ellis, SD TI Nuclear Fission SO 100 YEARS OF SUBATOMIC PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID NEUTRON-INDUCED FISSION; TIME-PROJECTION CHAMBER; ONE-BODY-DISSIPATION; PROMPT NEUTRONS; SCINTILLATION DETECTORS; GAMMA-RAYS; CHARGE DISTRIBUTION; FRAGMENTS; ENERGY; CF-252 AB Nuclear fission is not only a spectacular subatomic process that continues to pose exciting intellectual challenges, it also plays a profound role in society. This chapter describes the basic features of fission and illustrates current advances in theory, phenomenology, and experiment that keep the field thriving. C1 [Vogt, Ramona] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. [Vogt, Ramona] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Phys, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Randrup, Jorgen] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Vogt, R (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. NR 139 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA PO BOX 128 FARRER RD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE BN 978-981-4425-81-0; 978-981-4425-79-7 PY 2013 BP 101 EP 154 D2 10.1142/8605 PG 54 WC History & Philosophy Of Science; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC History & Philosophy of Science; Physics GA BA1DS UT WOS:000332406700006 ER PT B AU McLerran, L AF McLerran, Larry BA Henley, EM Ellis, SD BF Henley, EM Ellis, SD TI High Energy Nuclear Physics: From Bear Mountain to the LHC SO 100 YEARS OF SUBATOMIC PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID HEAVY-ION COLLISIONS; QUARK-GLUON PLASMA; GAUGE VECTOR-MESONS; GROUND-STATE ENERGY; 3-LOOP FREE-ENERGY; FINITE TEMPERATURE; TRANSVERSE-MOMENTUM; MONTE-CARLO; PB COLLISIONS; QCD AB I review the development of high energy nuclear physics, in particular the attempts to make new forms of matter in hadronic collisions. I begin with early experimental work done at the Bevelac, the AGS and the SPS. Early theoretical work concentrated on understanding properties of quark and gluonic matter at high temperature and density, the Quark Gluon Plama (QGP), particularly using the methods of lattice gauge theory. Recent theoretical work has involved attempts to more quantitatively describe data coming from experiments at RHIC and LHC. In addition, new forms of matter have been proposed to describe the early times in hadronic collisions. The Color Glass Condensate (CGC) is the high density gluonic matter that initially composes colliding high energy nuclei. The Glasma is highly coherent color electric and color magnetic fields radiating gluons that eventually thermalize. Methods derivative of strongly interacting gauge theory (AdSCFT Correspondence) have been employed to qualitatively understand finite temperature QCD when the intrinsic strength of interactions is strong. The RHIC and LHC experiments provide compelling experimental data to establish that the matter produced in ultra-relativistic heavy is a strongly interacting Quark Gluon Plasma (sQGP). To what degree, in my opinion, the sQGP is a thermally equilibrated Quark Gluon Plasma, or a Glasma is not yet determined. C1 [McLerran, Larry] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [McLerran, Larry] Brookhaven Natl Lab, RIKEN Brookhaven Res Ctr, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP McLerran, L (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Bldg 510A, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 145 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA PO BOX 128 FARRER RD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE BN 978-981-4425-81-0; 978-981-4425-79-7 PY 2013 BP 171 EP 197 D2 10.1142/8605 PG 27 WC History & Philosophy Of Science; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC History & Philosophy of Science; Physics GA BA1DS UT WOS:000332406700008 ER PT B AU Kronfeld, AS AF Kronfeld, Andreas S. BA Henley, EM Ellis, SD BF Henley, EM Ellis, SD TI Lattice Gauge Theory and the Origin of Mass SO 100 YEARS OF SUBATOMIC PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID STRONG-COUPLING EXPANSIONS; EUCLIDEAN GREENS FUNCTIONS; QUANTUM-FIELD THEORY; LIGHT HADRON MASSES; RENORMALIZATION-GROUP; CHIRAL-SYMMETRY; TRANSFER-MATRIX; MONTE-CARLO; PHASE-TRANSITIONS; FERMIONS AB Most of the mass of everyday objects resides in atomic nuclei; the total of the electrons' mass adds up to less than one part in a thousand. The nuclei are composed of nucleons protons and neutrons whose nuclear binding energy, though tremendous on a human scale, is small compared to their rest energy. The nucleons are, in turn, composites of massless gluons and nearly massless quarks. It is the energy of these confined objects, via M = E/c(2), that is responsible for everyday mass. This chapter discusses the physics of this mechanism and the role of lattice gauge theory in establishing its connection to quantum chromodynamics. C1 Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Dept Theoret Phys, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Kronfeld, AS (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Dept Theoret Phys, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. NR 158 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA PO BOX 128 FARRER RD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE BN 978-981-4425-81-0; 978-981-4425-79-7 PY 2013 BP 493 EP 518 D2 10.1142/8605 PG 26 WC History & Philosophy Of Science; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC History & Philosophy of Science; Physics GA BA1DS UT WOS:000332406700019 ER PT S AU Goehner, JD Groves, TL Arnold, DC Ahn, DH Lee, GL AF Goehner, Joshua D. Groves, Taylor L. Arnold, Dorian C. Ahn, Dong H. Lee, Gregory L. GP IEEE TI An Optimal Algorithm for Extreme Scale Job Launching SO 2013 12TH IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON TRUST, SECURITY AND PRIVACY IN COMPUTING AND COMMUNICATIONS (TRUSTCOM 2013) SE IEEE International Conference on Trust Security and Privacy in Computing and Communications LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th IEEE International Conference on Trust, Security and Privacy in Computing and Communications (TrustCom) CY JUL 16-18, 2013 CL Melbourne, AUSTRALIA SP IEEE, IEEE Comp Soc, IEEE Tech Comm Scalable Comp, Deakin Univ, Sch Informat Technol, NSCLab, Trend Micro DE large scale systems software; resource and job management; job launching; bootstrapping AB All distributed software systems execute a boot-strapping phase upon instantiation. During this phase, the composite processes of the system are deployed onto a set of computational nodes and initialization information is disseminated amongst these processes. However, with the growing trend toward high-end systems with very large numbers of compute cores, the bootstrapping phase increasingly is becoming a bottleneck. This presents significant challenges to several key elements of extreme-scale machines: the usefulness of interactive run-time tools and the efficiency of newly emerging computational models such as many-task computing and uncertainty quantification runs are increasingly subject to the inefficient bootstrapping problem. In this paper, we propose a novel algorithm that determines an optimal bootstrapping strategy. Our algorithm is based on a process launch performance model and finds the optimal strategy given a specified set of nodes. We prove that our process launching strategy is optimal with empirical comparisons with other standard strategies. Lastly, we show that our algorithm can decrease bootstrapping time in a real software system by up to 50%. C1 [Goehner, Joshua D.] Rogue Wave Software Inc, Natick, MA 01760 USA. [Groves, Taylor L.; Arnold, Dorian C.] Univ New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [Ahn, Dong H.; Lee, Gregory L.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. RP Goehner, JD (reprint author), Rogue Wave Software Inc, Natick, MA 01760 USA. EM josh.goehner@roguewave.com; tgroves@cs.unm.edu; darnold@cs.unm.edu; ahn1@llnl.gov; lee218@llnl.gov FU Lawrence Livermore National Security; LLC [B590510]; Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344, LLNL-PROC-560819] FX This work supported in part by Lawrence Livermore National Security, LLC subcontract B590510. This work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under contract DE-AC52-07NA27344 (LLNL-PROC-560819). NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2324-898X BN 978-0-7695-5022-0 J9 IEEE INT CONF TRUST PY 2013 BP 1115 EP 1122 DI 10.1109/TrustCom.2013.135 PG 8 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Telecommunications SC Computer Science; Telecommunications GA BA1QE UT WOS:000332856700141 ER PT J AU Lundqvist, B Raad, P Yazdanfar, M Stenberg, P Liljedahl, R Komarov, P Rorsman, N Ager, J Kordina, O Ivanov, I Janzen, E AF Lundqvist, Bjorn Raad, Peter Yazdanfar, Milan Stenberg, Pontus Liljedahl, Rickard Komarov, Pavel Rorsman, Niklas Ager, J., III Kordina, Olle Ivanov, Ivan Janzen, Erik GP IEEE TI Thermal Conductivity of Isotopically Enriched Silicon Carbide SO 2013 19TH INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON THERMAL INVESTIGATIONS OF ICS AND SYSTEMS (THERMINIC) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 19th International Workshop on Thermal Investigations of ICs and Systems (THERMINIC) CY SEP 25-27, 2013 CL Berlin, GERMANY SP Fraunhofer Forum Berlin AB Since the semiconductor silicon carbide presents attractive opportunities for the fabrication of novel electronic devices, there is significant interest in improving its material quality. Shrinking component sizes and high demands for efficiency and reliability make the capability to release excess heat an important factor for further development. Experience from Si and Diamond tells us that isotopic enrichment is a possible way to increase the thermal conductivity. We have produced samples of 4H-SiC that contain Si-28 and C-12 to a purity of 99.5%. The thermal conductivity in the c-direction of these samples has been measured by a transient thermoreflectance method. An improvement due to enrichment of at least 18% was found. The result is valid for a temperature of 45K above room temperature. A preliminary study of the temperature dependence of the thermal conductivity demonstrates a strong temperature dependence in agreement with earlier reports for 4H. C1 [Lundqvist, Bjorn; Yazdanfar, Milan; Stenberg, Pontus; Liljedahl, Rickard; Kordina, Olle; Ivanov, Ivan; Janzen, Erik] Linkoping Univ, Linkoping, Sweden. [Rorsman, Niklas] Chalmers, Gothenburg, Sweden. [Raad, Peter] So Methodist Univ, Dept Engn Mech, Dallas, TX 75205 USA. [Raad, Peter; Komarov, Pavel] TMX Scientif, Dallas, TX 75205 USA. [Ager, J., III] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94701 USA. RP Lundqvist, B (reprint author), Linkoping Univ, Linkoping, Sweden. EM bjlun@ifm.liu.se RI Rorsman, Niklas/C-2655-2009; Materials, Semiconductor/I-6323-2013; Ivanov, Ivan G./H-9714-2013; Janzen, Erik/I-5373-2013; OI Rorsman, Niklas/0000-0001-9916-7633; Ivanov, Ivan G./0000-0003-1000-0437; Janzen, Erik/0000-0001-7721-5091; Ager, Joel/0000-0001-9334-9751 FU Knut & Alice Wallenberg Foundation (KAW); Swedish Research Council [2011-4131] FX This work was supported by the Knut & Alice Wallenberg Foundation (KAW) project "Isotopic Control for Ultimate Material Properties" and the Swedish Research Council, project number 2011-4131.The authors would also like to thank Derrol Hammer and Dianne Yoder at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. NR 6 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4799-2271-0 PY 2013 BP 58 EP 61 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BA4BU UT WOS:000335321100010 ER PT J AU Mammoli, A Menicucci, A Caudell, T Ellis, A Willard, S Simmins, J AF Mammoli, Andrea Menicucci, Anthony Caudell, Thomas Ellis, Abraham Willard, Steve Simmins, John GP IEEE TI Low-cost solar micro-forecasts for PV smoothing SO 2013 1ST IEEE CONFERENCE ON TECHNOLOGIES FOR SUSTAINABILITY (SUSTECH) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1st IEEE Conference on Technologies for Sustainability (SusTech) CY AUG 01-02, 2013 CL Portland, OR SP IEEE, IEEE Oregon Sect, IEEE USA ID RADIATION AB Distribution-level PV farms with peak power capacity on the order of 0.5 MW to 2 MW are an attractive way for utilities to meet increasingly aggressive renewable portfolio standards. Although attractive in many ways, these plants are more susceptible than others to cloud-driven high-frequency intermittency. To overcome PV intermittency, and to make such systems more dispatchable, battery systems have been deployed to operate in parallel with the PV array. The joint operation of the PV array and the battery produces a power output which tracks the PV array output averaged over a moving window. It is shown here that even a fairly short window (on the order of four minues) is adequate to produce a smooth power output. It is also shown that by using a sliding window centered on real time, rather than a window trailing real time, the total energy released and absorbed by the battery can be reduced by a factor of five, with the effect of reducing battery size and/or extending its life. A method to capture detailed images of clouds in the vicinity of the sun with low-cost digital cameras is demonstrated experimentally. These images can then be processed using a neural network approach that is both accurate and computationally efficient. Specifically, a Lateral Adaptive Priming Adaptive Resonance Theory architecture is used to predict solar irradiance one minute ahead based on data extracted from an image at the present time. Steps necessary to turn this preliminary research into an inexpensive prediction tool for medium-scale PV farms with battery storage are outlined. C1 [Mammoli, Andrea; Menicucci, Anthony; Caudell, Thomas] Univ New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [Ellis, Abraham] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87123 USA. [Willard, Steve] Publ Serv Co New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87158 USA. [Simmins, John] Elect Power Res Inst, Knoxville, TN 37932 USA. RP Mammoli, A (reprint author), Univ New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. EM mammoli@unm.edu; amen@unm.edu; tpc@ece.unm.edu; aellis@sandia.gov; steve.willard@pnmresources.com; jsimmins@epri.com FU Electric Power Research Institute [EPP32412/ C1504]; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-OE0000230] FX This material is based upon work supported by the Electric Power Research Institute under contract number EPP32412/ C1504, and by the U.S. Department of Energy under Award Number(s) DE-OE0000230. NR 18 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 3 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4673-4630-6 PY 2013 BP 238 EP 243 PG 6 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BA3WM UT WOS:000335001300038 ER PT J AU Yuan, JY Cheriyadat, AM AF Yuan, Jiangye Cheriyadat, Anil M. GP IEEE TI Road Segmentation in Aerial Images by Exploiting Road Vector Data SO 2013 FOURTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON COMPUTING FOR GEOSPATIAL RESEARCH AND APPLICATION (COM.GEO) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 4th International Conference on Computing for Geospatial Research and Application (COM.Geo) CY JUL 22-24, 2013 CL San Jose, CA SP IEEE Comp Soc, Comp Geospatial Res Inst, NASA, OGC, Massachusetts Inst Technol, Stanford Univ, IEEE, Microsoft Res, GISCafe, Sensors & Syst, Microsoft, George Washington Univ, IEEE & CPS ID EXTRACTION AB Segmenting road regions from high resolution aerial images is an important yet challenging task due to large variations on road surfaces. This paper presents a simple and effective method that accurately segments road regions with a weak supervision provided by road vector data, which are publicly available. The method is based on the observation that in aerial images road edges tend to have more visible boundaries parallel to road vectors. A factorization-based segmentation algorithm is applied to an image, which accurately localize boundaries for both texture and nontexture regions. We analyze the spatial distribution of boundary pixels with respect to the road vector, and identify the road edge that separates roads from adjacent areas based on the distribution peaks. The proposed method achieves on average 90% recall and 79% precision on large aerial images covering various types of roads. C1 [Yuan, Jiangye; Cheriyadat, Anil M.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Computat Sci & Engn Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Yuan, JY (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Computat Sci & Engn Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM yuanj@ornl.gov; cheriyadatam@ornl.gov NR 19 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 4 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-0-7695-5012-1 PY 2013 BP 16 EP 23 DI 10.1109/COMGEO.2013.4 PG 8 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Computer Science; Engineering; Geology GA BA3ZV UT WOS:000335232000003 ER PT B AU Chow, WW AF Chow, W. W. GP IEEE TI Quantum-dot physics for applications in semiconductor lasers and quantum optics SO 2013 IEEE PHOTONICS SOCIETY SUMMER TOPICAL MEETING SERIES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE-Photonics-Society Summer Topical Meeting CY JUL 08-10, 2013 CL Waikoloa, HI SP IEEE Photon Soc AB This talk discusses theory developments for describing changes in many-body carrier-interaction processes arising from 3-dimensional quantum confinement. The improvements are necessary for investigating quantum-dot-laser performance at underlying-physics level and developing non-classical-light sources for quantum-information technologies. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Chow, WW (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM wwchow@sandia.gov NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4673-5060-0; 978-1-4673-5059-4 PY 2013 BP 32 EP 33 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA BA2WQ UT WOS:000333963600016 ER PT B AU Pooser, RC Evans, PG Humble, TS AF Pooser, R. C. Evans, P. G. Humble, T. S. GP IEEE TI Self Correcting Quantum Random Number Generators using Tapered Amplifiers SO 2013 IEEE PHOTONICS SOCIETY SUMMER TOPICAL MEETING SERIES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE-Photonics-Society Summer Topical Meeting CY JUL 08-10, 2013 CL Waikoloa, HI SP IEEE Photon Soc DE QRNG; random numbers; quantum control; quantum state stabilization AB We present a new implementation of a quantum random number generator that consists of tapered amplifier optical semiconductor devices and an array of random number registration techniques, including quantum feedback/forward control for removing bias. C1 [Pooser, R. C.; Evans, P. G.; Humble, T. S.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Computat Sci Directorate, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. RP Pooser, RC (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Computat Sci Directorate, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. EM pooserrc@ornl.gov NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4673-5060-0; 978-1-4673-5059-4 PY 2013 BP 147 EP 148 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA BA2WQ UT WOS:000333963600070 ER PT B AU Humble, TS Pooser, RC Britt, KA AF Humble, Travis S. Pooser, Raphael C. Britt, Keith A. GP IEEE TI Quantum Statistical Testing of a QRNG Algorithm SO 2013 IEEE PHOTONICS SOCIETY SUMMER TOPICAL MEETING SERIES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE-Photonics-Society Summer Topical Meeting CY JUL 08-10, 2013 CL Waikoloa, HI SP IEEE Photon Soc AB We present the algorithmic design of a quantum random number generator, the subsequent synthesis of a physical design and its verification using quantum statistical testing. We also describe how quantum statistical testing can be used to diagnose channel noise in QKD protocols. C1 [Humble, Travis S.; Pooser, Raphael C.; Britt, Keith A.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Quantum Comp Inst, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. RP Humble, TS (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Quantum Comp Inst, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4673-5060-0; 978-1-4673-5059-4 PY 2013 BP 149 EP 150 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA BA2WQ UT WOS:000333963600071 ER PT B AU Shalf, J AF Shalf, John GP IEEE TI Enabling Energy Efficient Exascale Computing Applications with Optical Interconnects SO 2013 IEEE PHOTONICS SOCIETY SUMMER TOPICAL MEETING SERIES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE-Photonics-Society Summer Topical Meeting CY JUL 08-10, 2013 CL Waikoloa, HI SP IEEE Photon Soc AB The past few years has seen a sea change in computer architecture that will impact every facet of our society as every electronic device from cell phone to supercomputer will need to confront parallelism of unprecedented scale. Enabling future advances in sustained computational performance will require fundamental advances in computer architecture and programming models that are nothing short of reinventing computing. Photonic interconnect technologies will play an essential role to enable future progress in exascale computing. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, NERSC Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Shalf, J (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, NERSC Div, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM jshalf@lbl.gov NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4673-5060-0; 978-1-4673-5059-4 PY 2013 BP 219 EP 220 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA BA2WQ UT WOS:000333963600106 ER PT S AU Karakaya, M Barstow, D Santos-Villalobos, H Thompson, J Bolme, D Boehnen, C AF Karakaya, Mahmut Barstow, Del Santos-Villalobos, Hector Thompson, Joseph Bolme, David Boehnen, Christopher BE Fierrez, J Kumar, A Vatsa, M Veldhuis, R OrtegaGarcia, J TI Limbus Impact on Off-angle Iris Degradation SO 2013 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON BIOMETRICS (ICB) SE International Conference on Biometrics LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 6th IAPR International Conference on Biometrics (ICB) CY JUN 04-07, 2013 CL Univ Autonoma Madrid, Madrid, SPAIN SP IEEE Biometr Council, IAPR, Safran Morpho, Telefonica, Thales, Cognitec, Univ Autonoma, ATVS, European Assoc Biometr, Catedra UAM Telefonica, Biometr Inst, European FP7 Project Tabula Rasa, BEAT, COST Act IC1106, COST, European Cooperat Sci & Technol, IAPR Tech Comm Biometr HO Univ Autonoma Madrid ID RECOGNITION AB The accuracy of iris recognition depends on the quality of data capture and is negatively affected by several factors such as angle, occlusion, and dilation. Off-angle iris recognition is a new research focus in biometrics that tries to address several issues including corneal refraction, complex 3D iris texture, and blur. In this paper, we present an additional significant challenge that degrades the performance of the off-angle iris recognition systems, called the limbus effect". The limbus is the region at the border of the cornea where the cornea joins the sclera. The limbus is a semitransparent tissue that occludes a side portion of the iris plane. The amount of occluded iris texture on the side nearest the camera increases as the image acquisition angle increases. Without considering the role of the limbus effect, it is difficult to design an accurate off-angle iris recognition system. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first work that investigates the limbus effect in detail from a biometrics perspective. Based on results from real images and simulated experiments with real iris texture, the limbus effect increases the hamming distance score between frontal and off-angle iris images ranging from 0.05 to 0.2 depending upon the limbus height. C1 [Karakaya, Mahmut; Barstow, Del; Santos-Villalobos, Hector; Thompson, Joseph; Bolme, David; Boehnen, Christopher] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Imaging Signals & Machine Learning Grp, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Karakaya, M (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Imaging Signals & Machine Learning Grp, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM karakayam@ornl.gov NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2376-4201 BN 978-1-4799-0310-8 J9 INT CONF BIOMETR PY 2013 PG 6 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence SC Computer Science GA BA3IH UT WOS:000334288200020 ER PT S AU Neely, JC Ruehl, KM Jepsen, RA Roberts, JD Glover, SF White, FE Horry, ML AF Neely, Jason C. Ruehl, Kelley M. Jepsen, Richard A. Roberts, Jesse D. Glover, Steven F. White, Forest E. Horry, Michael L. GP IEEE TI Electromechanical Emulation of Hydrokinetic Generators for Renewable Energy Research SO 2013 OCEANS - SAN DIEGO SE OCEANS-IEEE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT MTS/IEEE Oceans Conference CY SEP 23-27, 2013 CL San Diego, CA SP IEEE, Marine Technol Soc, IEEE Oceanic Engn Soc, Newfoundland Labrador, Seacon, UC San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog DE Marine hydrokinetics; renewable energy; river turbine; wave energy converter; point absorbers AB The pace of research and development efforts to integrate renewable power sources into modern electric utilities continues to increase. These efforts are motivated by a desire for cleaner, cheaper and more diverse sources of energy. As new analyses and controls approaches are developed to manage renewable sources and tie them into the grid, the need for these controls to be tested in hardware becomes paramount. In particular, hydrokinetic power is appealing due to its high energy density and superior forecastability; however, its development has lagged behind that of wind and solar due in part to the difficulty of acquiring hardware results on an integrated system. Thus, as an alternative to constructing an elaborate wave-tank or locating a power lab riverside, this paper presents a method based on electromechanical emulation of the energy source using a commercially available induction motor drive. Using an electromechanical emulator provides an option for universities and other laboratories to expand their research on hydrokinetics in a typical laboratory setting. C1 [Neely, Jason C.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87123 USA. [White, Forest E.] SAIC, Albuquerque, NM 87106 USA. RP Neely, JC (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87123 USA. EM jneely@sandia.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC04-94AL85000] FX Sandia National Laboratories is a multi-program laboratory managed and operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corporation, for the U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0197-7385 BN 978-0-933957-40-4 J9 OCEANS-IEEE PY 2013 PG 8 WC Engineering, Marine; Oceanography SC Engineering; Oceanography GA BA3ER UT WOS:000334165802003 ER PT S AU Patton, RM Steed, CA Stahl, CG Treadwell, JN AF Patton, Robert M. Steed, Chad A. Stahl, Chris G. Treadwell, Jim N. BE Murgante, B Misra, S Carlini, M Torre, CM Nguyen, HQ Taniar, D Apduhan, BO Gervasi, O TI Observing Community Resiliency in Social Media SO COMPUTATIONAL SCIENCE AND ITS APPLICATIONS - ICCSA 2013, PT V SE Lecture Notes in Computer Science LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Conference on Computational Science and Its Applications (ICCSA) CY JUN 24-27, 2013 CL Ho Chi Minh City, VIETNAM SP Ho Chi Minh City Int Univ, Univ Perugia, Monash Univ, Kyushu Sangyo Univ, Univ Basilicata, Off Naval Res DE social media; temporal analysis; community resilience AB In spite of social media's lack of structural integrity, accuracy, and reduced noise with respect to other forms of communication, it plays an increasingly vital role in the observation of societal actions before, during, and after significant events. In October 2012, Hurricane Sandy making landfall on the northeastern coasts of the United States demonstrated this role. This work provides a preliminary view into how social media could be used to monitor and gauge community resilience to such natural disasters. We observe, evaluate, and visualize how Twitter data evolves over time before, during, and after a natural disaster such as Hurricane Sandy and what opportunities there may be to leverage social media for situational awareness and emergency response. C1 [Patton, Robert M.; Steed, Chad A.; Stahl, Chris G.; Treadwell, Jim N.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Patton, RM (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM pattonrm@ornl.gov; steedca@ornl.gov; stahlcg@ornl.gov; treadwelljn@ornl.gov OI Patton, Robert/0000-0002-8101-0571; Steed, Chad/0000-0002-3501-909X; Stahl, Christopher/0000-0002-2070-1555 NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 8 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0302-9743 BN 978-3-642-39640-3 J9 LECT NOTES COMPUT SC PY 2013 VL 7975 BP 491 EP 501 DI 10.1007/978-3-642-39640-3_36 PG 11 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Software Engineering SC Computer Science GA BA3YG UT WOS:000335137400036 ER PT J AU Jiang, DE Chen, ZF AF Jiang, De-en Chen, Zhongfang BE Jiang, D Chen, Z TI Graphene Chemistry Theoretical Perspectives Introduction SO GRAPHENE CHEMISTRY: THEORETICAL PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Editorial Material; Book Chapter ID CARBON NANOTUBES; POROUS GRAPHENE; GROUND-STATE; NANORIBBONS; FILMS; OXIDE; EDGE; SIZE; GAS C1 [Jiang, De-en] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. [Chen, Zhongfang] Univ Puerto Rico, Dept Chem, Inst Funct Nanomat, San Juan, PR 00936 USA. RP Jiang, DE (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. NR 27 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 2 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE PUBL PI OXFORD PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0EL, ENGLAND BN 978-1-119-94212-2 PY 2013 BP 1 EP 7 D2 10.1002/9781118691281 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA BA0XO UT WOS:000332345000002 ER PT J AU Jiao, Y Hankel, M Du, AJ Smith, SC AF Jiao, Yan Hankel, Marlies Du, Aijun Smith, Sean C. BE Jiang, D Chen, Z TI Porous Graphene and Nanomeshes SO GRAPHENE CHEMISTRY: THEORETICAL PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID WALLED CARBON NANOTUBES; CENTROID MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; DENSITY-FUNCTIONAL THEORY; MONTE-CARLO SIMULATIONS; TRANSITION-STATE THEORY; LIQUID PARA-HYDROGEN; ISOTOPE-SEPARATION; GAS SEPARATION; MICROPOROUS MATERIALS; NANOPOROUS GRAPHENE C1 [Jiao, Yan; Hankel, Marlies; Du, Aijun] Univ Queensland, Ctr Computat Mol Sci, Australian Inst Bioengn & Nanotechnol, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia. [Jiao, Yan] Univ Queensland, Sch Chem Engn, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia. [Smith, Sean C.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Nanophase Mat Sci, Oak Ridge, TN USA. RP Jiao, Y (reprint author), Univ Queensland, Ctr Computat Mol Sci, Australian Inst Bioengn & Nanotechnol, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia. RI Hankel, Marlies/C-6262-2009; Smith, Sean/H-5003-2015; Du, Aijun/C-5759-2009 OI Hankel, Marlies/0000-0002-8297-7231; Smith, Sean/0000-0002-5679-8205; Du, Aijun/0000-0002-3369-3283 NR 75 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE PUBL PI OXFORD PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0EL, ENGLAND BN 978-1-119-94212-2 PY 2013 BP 129 EP 151 D2 10.1002/9781118691281 PG 23 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA BA0XO UT WOS:000332345000008 ER PT J AU Girao, EC Liang, LB Owens, J Cruz-Silva, E Sumpter, BG Meunier, V AF Girao, Eduardo Costa Liang, Liangbo Owens, Jonathan Cruz-Silva, Eduardo Sumpter, Bobby G. Meunier, Vincent BE Jiang, D Chen, Z TI Electronic Transport in Graphitic Carbon Nanoribbons SO GRAPHENE CHEMISTRY: THEORETICAL PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID GRAPHENE NANORIBBONS; QUANTUM TRANSPORT; EDGE STATES; NANOTUBES; DEFECTS; CONDUCTANCE; REACTIVITY; DEPENDENCE; POLYMER; RIBBONS C1 [Girao, Eduardo Costa] Univ Fed Piaui, Dept Fis, Teresina, Piaui, Brazil. [Liang, Liangbo; Owens, Jonathan; Cruz-Silva, Eduardo; Meunier, Vincent] Rensselaer Polytech Inst, Dept Phys Appl Phys & Astron, Troy, NY 12181 USA. [Cruz-Silva, Eduardo] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Polymer Sci & Engn, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. [Sumpter, Bobby G.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Nanophase Mat Sci, Oak Ridge, TN USA. RP Girao, EC (reprint author), Univ Fed Piaui, Dept Fis, Teresina, Piaui, Brazil. NR 135 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 3 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE PUBL PI OXFORD PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0EL, ENGLAND BN 978-1-119-94212-2 PY 2013 BP 319 EP 346 D2 10.1002/9781118691281 PG 28 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA BA0XO UT WOS:000332345000015 ER PT J AU Habenicht, BF Xu, Y Liu, L AF Habenicht, Bradley F. Xu, Ye Liu, Li BE Jiang, D Chen, Z TI Graphene Moire Supported Metal Clusters for Model Catalytic Studies SO GRAPHENE CHEMISTRY: THEORETICAL PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID SCANNING-TUNNELING-MICROSCOPY; ENERGY ELECTRON-DIFFRACTION; WAVE BASIS-SET; MONOLAYER GRAPHITE; ATOMIC-STRUCTURE; CARBON-MONOXIDE; PARTICLE-SIZE; ACTIVE GOLD; RU(0001); SURFACE C1 [Habenicht, Bradley F.; Xu, Ye] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Nanophase Mat Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. [Liu, Li] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Chem, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. RP Habenicht, BF (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Nanophase Mat Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. RI Liu, Li/E-8959-2013 OI Liu, Li/0000-0002-4852-1580 NR 89 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 6 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE PUBL PI OXFORD PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0EL, ENGLAND BN 978-1-119-94212-2 PY 2013 BP 425 EP 446 D2 10.1002/9781118691281 PG 22 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA BA0XO UT WOS:000332345000019 ER PT S AU Pattrick, RAD Coker, VS Pearce, CI Telling, ND van der Laan, G Lloyd, JR AF Pattrick, Richard A. D. Coker, Victoria S. Pearce, Carolyn I. Telling, Neil D. van der Laan, Gerrit Lloyd, Jonathan R. BE OBrien, P TI Extracellular bacterial production of doped magnetite nanoparticles SO NANOSCIENCE, VOL 1: NANOSTRUCTURES THROUGH CHEMISTRY SE Nanoscience-Specialist Periodical Reports LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID CATION SITE OCCUPANCY; 2P ABSORPTION-SPECTRA; GEOBACTER-SULFURREDUCENS; MAGNETOTACTIC BACTERIA; BIOGENIC MAGNETITE; FE(III)-REDUCING BACTERIUM; SUBSTITUTED MAGNETITES; MICROBIAL REDUCTION; CIRCULAR-DICHROISM; VANADIUM AB Microorganisms have been producing nanoparticles for billions of years and by controlling and tuning this productivity they have the potential to provide novel materials using environmentally friendly manufacturing pathways. Metal-reducing bacteria are a particularly fertile source of nanoparticles and their reduction of Fe (III) oxides leads to the formation of ferrite spinel nanoparticles, especially magnetite, Fe3O4. The high yields produced by extracellular biomineralising processes make them commercially attractive, and the production of these bionano ferrite spinels can be tuned by doping the precursor Fe(III) phase with Co, Ni, Zn, Mn and V. The oxidation state of the cations and the sites of substitution are determined by X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS), especially by examination of metal L-edge spectra and X-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD). Vanadium substitution in bionano ferrite spinels is revealed for the first time, and substitution in the octahedral site as V(III) confirmed. Bionanomagnetite is shown to be effective in the remediation of azo dyes with the complete breakdown of Remazol Black B to colourless amines and acids. XMCD shows this to involve oxidation of the surface Fe(III) and the potential for regeneration of the nanoparticles. C1 [Pattrick, Richard A. D.; Coker, Victoria S.; van der Laan, Gerrit; Lloyd, Jonathan R.] Univ Manchester, Williamson Res Ctr Mol Environm Sci, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England. [Pattrick, Richard A. D.; Coker, Victoria S.; van der Laan, Gerrit; Lloyd, Jonathan R.] Univ Manchester, Sch Earth Atmospher & Environm Sci, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England. [Pearce, Carolyn I.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Telling, Neil D.] Keele Univ, Inst Sci & Technol Med, Guy Hilton Res Ctr, Stoke On Trent ST4 7QB, Staffs, England. [van der Laan, Gerrit] Diamond Light Source, Didcot OX11 0DE, Oxon, England. RP Pattrick, RAD (reprint author), Univ Manchester, Williamson Res Ctr Mol Environm Sci, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England. EM richard.pattrick@manchester.ac.uk OI van der Laan, Gerrit/0000-0001-6852-2495 NR 73 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 6 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, CAMBRIDGE CB4 4WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 2049-3541 BN 978-1-84973-484-4; 978-1-84973-435-6 J9 NANOSCI-SPEC PER REP PY 2013 VL 1 BP 102 EP 115 DI 10.1039/9781849734844-00102 D2 10.1039/9781849734844 PG 14 WC Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics GA BA0UK UT WOS:000332281800006 ER PT J AU Prime, MB DeWald, AT AF Prime, Michael B. DeWald, Adrian T. BE Schajer, GS TI The Contour Method SO PRACTICAL RESIDUAL STRESS MEASUREMENT METHODS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID RESIDUAL-STRESS MEASUREMENTS; FINITE-ELEMENT SIMULATION; EIGENSTRAIN-BASED MODEL; NEUTRON-DIFFRACTION; FATIGUE LIFE; WELD; PREDICTION; ALUMINUM; TENSOR; ALLOY C1 [Prime, Michael B.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Prime, MB (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 71 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 4 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE PUBL PI OXFORD PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0EL, ENGLAND BN 978-1-118-34237-4 PY 2013 BP 109 EP 138 D2 10.1002/9781118402832 PG 30 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA BA0VF UT WOS:000332302500006 ER PT B AU Durak, N Kolda, TG Pinar, A Seshadhri, C AF Durak, Nurcan Kolda, Tamara G. Pinar, Ali Seshadhri, C. GP IEEE TI A Scalable Null Model for Directed Graphs Matching All Degree Distributions: In, Out, and Reciprocal SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE 2013 IEEE 2ND INTERNATIONAL NETWORK SCIENCE WORKSHOP (NSW) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE 2nd Network Science Workshop (NSW) CY APR 29-MAY 01, 2013 CL West Point, NY SP IEEE, IEEE Comp Soc, Network Sci Ctr, Army Res Off, IEEE Task Force Network Sci ID NETWORKS AB Degree distributions are arguably the most important property of real world networks. The classic edge configuration model or Chung-Lu model can generate an undirected graph with any desired degree distribution. This serves as a good null model to compare algorithms or perform experimental studies. Furthermore, there are scalable algorithms that implement these models and they are invaluable in the study of graphs. However, networks in the real-world are often directed, and have a significant proportion of reciprocal edges. A stronger relation exists between two nodes when they each point to one another (reciprocal edge) as compared to when only one points to the other (one-way edge). Despite their importance, reciprocal edges have been disregarded by most directed graph models. We propose a null model for directed graphs inspired by the Chung-Lu model that matches the in-, out-, and reciprocal-degree distributions of the real graphs. Our algorithm is scalable and requires O(m) random numbers to generate a graph with m edges. We perform a series of experiments on real datasets and compare with existing graph models. C1 [Durak, Nurcan; Kolda, Tamara G.; Pinar, Ali; Seshadhri, C.] Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Durak, N (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM nurcan.durak@gmail.com; tgkolda@sandia.gov; apinar@sandia.gov; scomand@sandia.gov NR 36 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4799-0436-5; 978-1-4799-0203-3 PY 2013 BP 23 EP 30 PG 8 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BA4BC UT WOS:000335317000004 ER PT B AU Ekoto, IW Houf, WG Ruggles, AJ Creitz, LW Li, JX AF Ekoto, Isaac W. Houf, William G. Ruggles, Adam J. Creitz, Leonard W. Li, Jimmy X. GP ASME TI LARGE-SCALE HYDROGEN JET FLAME RADIANT FRACTION MEASUREMENTS AND MODELING SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE 9TH INTERNATIONAL PIPELINE CONFERENCE - 2012, VOL 4 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Pipeline Conference (IPC 2012) CY SEP 24-28, 2012 CL Calgary, CANADA SP ASME, IPTI ID HIGH-PRESSURE JETS; NATURAL-GAS; RADIATIVE CHARACTERISTICS; OPTICAL-CONSTANTS; THERMAL-RADIATION; FIRES; HAZARDS; FLARES; OXIDES; DECAY AB Analytic methods used to establish thermal radiation hazard safety boundaries from ignited hydrogen plumes are based on models previously developed for hydrocarbon jet fires. Radiative heat flux measurements of small- and medium-scale hydrogen jet flames (i.e., visible flame lengths < 10 m) compare favorably to theoretical calculations provided corrections are applied to correct for the product species thermal emittance and the optical flame thickness. Recently, Air Products and Chemicals Inc. commissioned flame radiation measurements from two larger-scale hydrogen jet flames to determine the applicability of current modeling approaches to these larger flames. The horizontally orientated releases were from 20.9 and 50.8 mm ID pipes with a nominal 60 barg source pressure and respective mass flow rates of 1.0 and 7.4 kg/s. Care was taken to ensure no particles were entrained into the flame, either from the internal piping or from the ground below. Radiometers were used to measure radiative heat fluxes at discrete points along the jet flame radial axis. The estimated radiant fraction, defined as the radiative energy escaping relative to chemical energy released, exceeded correlation predictions for both flames. To determine why the deviation existed, an analysis of the data and experimental conditions was performed by Sandia National Laboratories' Hydrogen Safety, Codes and Standards program. Since the releases were choked at the exit, a pseudo source nozzle model was needed to compute flame lengths and residence times, and the results were found to be sensitive to the formulation used. Furthermore, it was thought that ground surface reflection from the concrete pad and steel plates may have contributed to the increased recorded heat flux values. To quantify this impact, a weighted multi source flame radiation model was modified to include the influence of planar surface radiation. Model results were compared to lab-scale flames with a steel plate located close to and parallel with the release path. Relative to the flame without a plate, recorded heat flux values were found to increase by up to 50% for certain configurations, and the modified radiation model predicted these heat fluxes to within 10% provided a realistic steel reflectance value (0.8) was used. When the plate was heavily and uniformly oxidized, however, the reflectance was sharply attenuated. Model results that used the surface reflectance correction for the larger-scale flames produced good agreement with the heat flux data from the smaller of the two flames if an estimated reflectance of 0.5 was used, but was unable to fully explain the under predicted heat flux values for the larger flame. C1 [Ekoto, Isaac W.; Houf, William G.; Ruggles, Adam J.] Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Ekoto, IW (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 31 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 978-0-7918-4515-8 PY 2013 BP 713 EP 724 PG 12 WC Engineering, Petroleum; Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA BA3XR UT WOS:000335090700078 ER PT S AU Kos, MS AF Kos, M. S. CA CoGeNT Collaboration BE Cline, D TI Simulation of Cosmogenic and Radioactive Backgrounds for the CoGeNT Detector SO SOURCES AND DETECTION OF DARK MATTER AND DARK ENERGY IN THE UNIVERSE SE Springer Proceedings in Physics LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 10th UCLA Symposium on Sources and Detection of Dark Matter and Dark Energy in the Universe CY FEB 22-24, 2012 CL Marina del Rey, CA SP UCLA ID GERMANIUM; CODE AB CoGeNT employs p-type point-contact (PPC) germanium detectors to search for Weakly Interacting Massive Particles (WIMPs). By virtue of its low energy threshold and ability to reject surface backgrounds, this type of device is ideally suited to search for low-mass dark matter candidates (m(chi) similar to 10 GeV/c(2)). We describe the present understanding of backgrounds affecting the CoGeNT (Coherent Germanium Neutrino Technology) detector at Soudan Underground Laboratory (SUL), including contributions from neutrons, both muon-induced and also for those arising from natural radioactivity in the SUL cavern, contributions from radioactivity in the surrounding shielding, contributions from the front-end electronics, and a comparison with radon levels at SUL. A more comprehensive description of all the background simulations can be found in Aalseth CE et al. (2012, arXiv: 1208.5737) C1 [Kos, M. S.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Kos, MS (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM marek.kos@pnnl.gov NR 27 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0930-8989 BN 978-94-007-7241-0; 978-94-007-7240-3 J9 SPRINGER PROC PHYS PY 2013 VL 148 BP 123 EP 128 DI 10.1007/978-94-007-7241-0_19 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA BA4AQ UT WOS:000335298700020 ER PT J AU Greene, DL Liu, CZ Park, S AF Greene, David L. Liu, Changzheng Park, Sangsoo BE Stolten, D Scherer, V TI Transition from Petro-Mobility to Electro-Mobility SO TRANSITION TO RENEWABLE ENERGY SYSTEMS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Greene, David L.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Transportat Anal, Knoxville, TN 37932 USA. RP Greene, DL (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Transportat Anal, 2360 Cherahala Blvd, Knoxville, TN 37932 USA. NR 36 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PAPPELALLEE 3, W-69469 WEINHEIM, GERMANY BN 978-3-527-33239-7 PY 2013 BP 851 EP 873 D2 10.1002/9783527673872 PG 23 WC Energy & Fuels SC Energy & Fuels GA BA1JR UT WOS:000332650800041 ER PT J AU Lorber, AA Mish, KD AF Lorber, Alfred A. Mish, Kyran D. GP IEEE TI How We Successfully Adapted Agile for a Research-Heavy Engineering Software Team SO 2013 AGILE CONFERENCE (AGILE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Agile Conference CY AUG 05-09, 2013 CL Nashville, TN SP Agile Alliance DE Agile; Scrum; research; scientific programming; engineering analysis software AB In our development team at Sandia National Laboratories we have honed our Scrum processes to where we continually deliver high-performance engineering analysis software to our customers. We deliver despite non-ideal circumstances, including development work that can be categorized as exploratory research, regular use of part-time developers, team size that varies widely among Sprints, highly specialized technical skill sets and a broad range of deliverables. We believe our methodologies can be applied to many research-oriented environments such as those found in government laboratories, academic institutions and corporate research facilities. Our goal is to increase the adoption of Lean/Agile project management in these environments by sharing our experiences with those research-oriented development teams who are considering using Lean/Agile, or have started and are encountering problems. In this paper we discuss how we create and prioritize our product backlog, write our user stories, calculate our capacity, plan our Sprints, report our results and communicate our progress to customers. By providing guidance and evidence of success in these areas we hope to overcome real and perceived obstacles that may limit the adoption of Lean/Agile techniques in research-oriented development environments. C1 [Lorber, Alfred A.; Mish, Kyran D.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Lorber, AA (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM aalorbe@sandia.gov; kdmish@sandia.gov NR 10 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 5 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-0-7695-5076-3 PY 2013 BP 156 EP 163 DI 10.1109/AGILE.2013.20 PG 8 WC Computer Science, Software Engineering; Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BA3RV UT WOS:000334695100020 ER PT J AU Akins, BA Ivanov, SA Plumley, JB Stephens, SM Cook, NC Smolyakov, GA Osinski, M AF Akins, Brian A. Ivanov, Sergei A. Plumley, John B. Stephens, Samantha M. Cook, Nathaniel C. Smolyakov, Gennady A. Osinski, Marek GP IEEE TI High-Temperature ZnSe: Mn/ZnS Nanophosphors with Very High Quantum Efficiency for White LEDs SO 2013 CONFERENCE ON LASERS AND ELECTRO-OPTICS PACIFIC RIM (CLEO-PR) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 10th Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Pacific Rim (CLEO-PR) CY JUN 30-JUL 04, 2013 CL Kyoto, JAPAN SP IEICE Commun Soc, IEICE Elect Soc, Japan Soc Appl Phys, IEEE Photon Soc, Opt Soc, Opt Soc Korea, Korean Phys Soc, Agilent Technologies Japan Ltd, Hamamatsu Photon K K, Tektronix Japan, Thorlabs Japan Inc ID NANOCRYSTAL EMITTERS; LIGHT AB We have synthesized ZnSe: Mn/ZnS doped core/shell quantum dots with high temperature stability and 91.0% quantum efficiency at the 597 nm emission with 412 nm excitation, very attractive as nanophosphors for white LEDs. C1 [Akins, Brian A.; Plumley, John B.; Stephens, Samantha M.; Cook, Nathaniel C.; Smolyakov, Gennady A.; Osinski, Marek] Univ New Mexico, Ctr High Technol Mat, 1313 Goddard SE, Albuquerque, NM 87106 USA. [Ivanov, Sergei A.] Ctr Integrated Nanotechnol, Albuquerque, NM 87123 USA. [Ivanov, Sergei A.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, MPA CINT, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Akins, BA (reprint author), Univ New Mexico, Ctr High Technol Mat, 1313 Goddard SE, Albuquerque, NM 87106 USA. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4673-6476-8 PY 2013 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA BA3FB UT WOS:000334176100383 ER PT J AU Boyson, TK Rittman, DR Spence, TG Calzada, ME Kallapur, AG Petersen, IR Kirkbride, KP Moore, DS Harb, CC AF Boyson, Toby K. Rittman, Dylan R. Spence, Thomas G. Calzada, Maria E. Kallapur, Abhijit G. Petersen, Ian R. Kirkbride, K. Paul Moore, David S. Harb, Charles C. GP IEEE TI Rapid, Wide Bandwidth Pulsed Cavity Ringdown Spectroscopy in the Mid Infrared SO 2013 CONFERENCE ON LASERS AND ELECTRO-OPTICS PACIFIC RIM (CLEO-PR) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 10th Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Pacific Rim (CLEO-PR) CY JUN 30-JUL 04, 2013 CL Kyoto, JAPAN SP IEICE Commun Soc, IEICE Elect Soc, Japan Soc Appl Phys, IEEE Photon Soc, Opt Soc, Opt Soc Korea, Korean Phys Soc, Agilent Technologies Japan Ltd, Hamamatsu Photon K K, Tektronix Japan, Thorlabs Japan Inc AB We present a new variant of the Cavity Ringdown Spectroscopy (CRDS) that is able to scan across more than 1400 nm of spectral bandwidth around 6000 nm, acquiring and analysing more than 150,000 spectral datapoints in less than four seconds. C1 [Boyson, Toby K.; Kallapur, Abhijit G.; Petersen, Ian R.; Harb, Charles C.] Univ New S Wales, SEIT, Canberra, ACT 2600, Australia. [Rittman, Dylan R.; Moore, David S.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Shock & Detonat Phys Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Spence, Thomas G.; Calzada, Maria E.] Loyola Univ New Orleans, Dept Chem, New Orleans, LA 70118 USA. [Kirkbride, K. Paul] Australian Fed Pol, Forens & Data Ctr, Weston, ACT 2611, Australia. RP Boyson, TK (reprint author), Univ New S Wales, SEIT, Canberra, ACT 2600, Australia. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 4 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4673-6476-8 PY 2013 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA BA3FB UT WOS:000334176100189 ER PT J AU Bulanov, SV Echkina, E Esirkepov, T Inovenkov, I Kando, M Koga, JK Pegoraro, F Korn, G Bulanov, SS Geddes, CGR Schroeder, C Esarey, E Leemans, WP AF Bulanov, S. V. Echkina, E. Esirkepov, T. Inovenkov, I. Kando, M. Koga, J. K. Pegoraro, F. Korn, G. Bulanov, S. S. Geddes, C. G. R. Schroeder, C. Esarey, E. Leemans, W. P. GP IEEE TI Laser-Driven Ion Acceleration in the Radiation Pressure Dominated Regime SO 2013 CONFERENCE ON LASERS AND ELECTRO-OPTICS PACIFIC RIM (CLEO-PR) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 10th Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Pacific Rim (CLEO-PR) CY JUN 30-JUL 04, 2013 CL Kyoto, JAPAN SP IEICE Commun Soc, IEICE Elect Soc, Japan Soc Appl Phys, IEEE Photon Soc, Opt Soc, Opt Soc Korea, Korean Phys Soc, Agilent Technologies Japan Ltd, Hamamatsu Photon K K, Tektronix Japan, Thorlabs Japan Inc AB Radiation pressure is an effective mechanism of momentum transfer to ions in laser plasmas. The energy of ions accelerated by the radiation pressure can be greatly enhanced due to a transverse expansion of a thin target. The ion velocity cannot exceed the pulse group velocity. The beams of accelerated ions are unstable against various instabilities, which results in the target modulations and broadening of the ion energy spectrum. C1 [Bulanov, S. V.; Esirkepov, T.; Kando, M.; Koga, J. K.] JAEA, Kansai Photon Sci Inst, Kyoto 6190215, Japan. [Echkina, E.; Inovenkov, I.] Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, CMC, Moscow R-119899, Russia. [Pegoraro, F.] Univ Pisa, Dept Phys, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. [Korn, G.] Acad Sci Czech, Inst Phys, CZ-18221 Prague, Czech Republic. [Bulanov, S. S.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Geddes, C. G. R.; Schroeder, C.; Esarey, E.; Leemans, W. P.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Bulanov, SV (reprint author), JAEA, Kansai Photon Sci Inst, Kyoto 6190215, Japan. NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4673-6476-8 PY 2013 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA BA3FB UT WOS:000334176100160 ER PT J AU Li, YT Liao, GQ Wang, WM Li, C Su, LN Zheng, Y Liu, M Yan, WC Zhou, ML Du, F Dunn, J Hunter, J Nilsen, J Sheng, ZM Zhang, J AF Li, Yutong Liao, Guoqian Wang, Weimin Li, Chun Su, Luning Zheng, Yi Liu, Meng Yan, Wenchao Zhou, Mulin Du, Fei Dunn, J. Hunter, J. Nilsen, J. Sheng, Zhengming Zhang, Jie GP IEEE TI Studies of the Mechanisms of Powerful Terahertz Radiation From Laser Plasmas SO 2013 CONFERENCE ON LASERS AND ELECTRO-OPTICS PACIFIC RIM (CLEO-PR) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 10th Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Pacific Rim (CLEO-PR) CY JUN 30-JUL 04, 2013 CL Kyoto, JAPAN SP IEICE Commun Soc, IEICE Elect Soc, Japan Soc Appl Phys, IEEE Photon Soc, Opt Soc, Opt Soc Korea, Korean Phys Soc, Agilent Technologies Japan Ltd, Hamamatsu Photon K K, Tektronix Japan, Thorlabs Japan Inc ID ELECTROMAGNETIC PULSES; EMISSION AB Recently Terahertz (THz) radiation from laser-produced plasmas has attracted much interest since plasmas can work at arbitrarily high laser intensity. This paper will discuss the generation mechanisms of plasma-based THz radiation. C1 [Li, Yutong; Liao, Guoqian; Wang, Weimin; Li, Chun; Su, Luning; Zheng, Yi; Liu, Meng; Yan, Wenchao; Zhou, Mulin; Du, Fei] Chinese Acad Sci, Beijing Natl Lab Condensed Matter Phys, Inst Phys, Beijing 100190, Peoples R China. [Dunn, J.; Hunter, J.; Nilsen, J.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. [Sheng, Zhengming; Zhang, Jie] Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ, Dept Phys, Key Lab Laser Plasmas MoE, Shanghai 200240, Peoples R China. RP Li, YT (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Beijing Natl Lab Condensed Matter Phys, Inst Phys, Beijing 100190, Peoples R China. FU National Nature Science Foundation of China [10925421, 11135012, 11105217, 11121504]; U.S. Department of Energy by LLNL [DEAC52-07NA27344] FX This work has been supported by the National Nature Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 10925421, 11135012, 11105217 and 11121504) and U.S. Department of Energy by LLNL under Contract No. DEAC52-07NA27344. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4673-6476-8 PY 2013 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA BA3FB UT WOS:000334176100162 ER PT J AU Wang, K Araki, T Yu, KM Katsuki, T Mayer, MA Alarcon-Llado, E Ager, JW Walukiewicz, W Nanishi, Y AF Wang, Ke Araki, T. Yu, K. M. Katsuki, T. Mayer, M. A. Alarcon-Llado, E. Ager, J. W., III Walukiewicz, W. Nanishi, Y. GP IEEE TI P-type and Undoped InGaN Across the Entire Alloy Composition Range SO 2013 CONFERENCE ON LASERS AND ELECTRO-OPTICS PACIFIC RIM (CLEO-PR) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 10th Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Pacific Rim (CLEO-PR) CY JUN 30-JUL 04, 2013 CL Kyoto, JAPAN SP IEICE Commun Soc, IEICE Elect Soc, Japan Soc Appl Phys, IEEE Photon Soc, Opt Soc, Opt Soc Korea, Korean Phys Soc, Agilent Technologies Japan Ltd, Hamamatsu Photon K K, Tektronix Japan, Thorlabs Japan Inc ID MOLECULAR-BEAM EPITAXY; GROWTH; INN AB We report a systematic study on undoped and Mg-doped InGaN grown by molecular beam epitaxy. Various experiments have been combined to demonstrate p-type InGaN across the entire alloy composition range. C1 [Wang, Ke; Araki, T.; Katsuki, T.; Nanishi, Y.] Ritsumeikan Univ, Dept Photon, 1-1-1 Noji Higashi, Kusatsu, Shiga 5258577, Japan. [Yu, K. M.; Mayer, M. A.; Alarcon-Llado, E.; Ager, J. W., III; Walukiewicz, W.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Nanishi, Y.] Seoul Natl Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Seoul 151742, South Korea. RP Wang, K (reprint author), Ritsumeikan Univ, Dept Photon, 1-1-1 Noji Higashi, Kusatsu, Shiga 5258577, Japan. RI Alarcon Llado, Esther/I-5583-2015 OI Alarcon Llado, Esther/0000-0001-7317-9863 FU MEXT; WCU (Korea); U.S.DOE; Office of Science,Office of Basic Energy Sciences FX This work was supported by the MEXT through Grant-in-Aids for Scientific Research (Japan) and WCU (Korea). Work at LBNL was supported by Office of Science,Office of Basic Energy Sciences,and U.S.DOE. NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4673-6476-8 PY 2013 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA BA3FB UT WOS:000334176100309 ER PT S AU Sasaki, T Norman, AG Romero, MJ Al-Jassim, MM Takahasi, M Kojima, N Ohshita, Y Yamaguchi, M AF Sasaki, Takuo Norman, Andrew G. Romero, Manuel J. Al-Jassim, Mowafak M. Takahasi, Masamitu Kojima, Nobuaki Ohshita, Yoshio Yamaguchi, Masafumi BE Yamaguchi, H Kumakura, K TI Defect characterization in compositionally graded InGaAs layers on GaAs(001) grown by MBE SO PHYSICA STATUS SOLIDI C: CURRENT TOPICS IN SOLID STATE PHYSICS, VOL 10, NO 11 SE Physica Status Solidi C-Current Topics in Solid State Physics LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 40th International Symposium on Compound Semiconductors (ISCS) CY MAY 19-23, 2013 CL Kobe, JAPAN SP Japan Soc Appl Phys DE III-V compound semiconductors; lattice defects; molecular beam epitaxy; solar cells ID BUFFER LAYERS; HETEROSTRUCTURES; EPITAXY; STRESS AB Defect characterization in molecular beam epitaxial (MBE) compositionally-graded InxGa1-xAs layers on GaAs substrates consisting different thickness of overshooting (OS) layers was carried out using cathodoluminescence (CL) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). We found that the thickness of the OS layer influences not only stress but also lattice defects generated in a top InGaAs layer. While the top InGaAs layer with a thin OS layer is under compression and has mainly threading dislocations, the top layer with a thick OS layer is under tension and exhibits inhomogeneous strain associating with phase separation. We will discuss the mechanisms of defect generation and their in-plane distribution based on strain relaxation at the top and OS layers. (C) 2013 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim C1 [Sasaki, Takuo; Takahasi, Masamitu] Japan Atom Energy Agcy, 1-1-1 Koto, Sayo, Hyogo 6795148, Japan. [Norman, Andrew G.; Romero, Manuel J.; Al-Jassim, Mowafak M.] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Kojima, Nobuaki; Ohshita, Yoshio; Yamaguchi, Masafumi] Toyota Technol Inst, Nagoya, Aichi 4688511, Japan. RP Sasaki, T (reprint author), Japan Atom Energy Agcy, 1-1-1 Koto, Sayo, Hyogo 6795148, Japan. EM sasaki.takuo@jaea.go.jp RI Norman, Andrew/F-1859-2010 OI Norman, Andrew/0000-0001-6368-521X FU BL11XU of SPring-8 [2011A3573, 2011B3573]; New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization (NEDO) under the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry, Japan (METI) FX Part of this work was performed at BL11XU of SPring-8 under proposals 2011A3573 and 2011B3573. This work was supported by the New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization (NEDO) under the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry, Japan (METI). NR 10 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 4 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PAPPELALLEE 3, W-69469 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 1862-6351 J9 PHYS STATUS SOLIDI C PY 2013 VL 10 IS 11 BP 1640 EP 1643 DI 10.1002/pssc.201300284 PG 4 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA BA3PR UT WOS:000334583400073 ER PT J AU Leguia, M Brophy, JAN Densmore, D Asante, A Anderson, JC AF Leguia, Mariana Brophy, Jennifer A. N. Densmore, Douglas Asante, Angel Anderson, J. Christopher TI 2ab assembly: a methodology for automatable, high-throughput assembly of standard biological parts SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE 2ab reaction; Automated assembly; DNA fabrication; Synthetic biology ID POLYMERASE EXTENSION CLONING; SYNTHETIC BIOLOGY; MEDIATOR; LIBRARIES; LANGUAGE; PROTEIN; COMPLEX AB There is growing demand for robust DNA assembly strategies to quickly and accurately fabricate genetic circuits for synthetic biology. One application of this technology is reconstitution of multi-gene assemblies. Here, we integrate a new software tool chain with 2ab assembly and show that it is robust enough to generate 528 distinct composite parts with an error-free success rate of 96%. Finally, we discuss our findings in the context of its implications for biosafety and biosecurity. C1 [Leguia, Mariana; Brophy, Jennifer A. N.; Densmore, Douglas; Asante, Angel; Anderson, J. Christopher] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Bioengn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Leguia, Mariana; Anderson, J. Christopher] Univ Calif Berkeley, Calif Inst Quantitat Biol Res QB3, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Leguia, Mariana; Anderson, J. Christopher] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Anderson, JC (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Bioengn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM jcanderson@berkeley.edu FU SynBERC NSF ERC FX We thank Thomas Earnest, David Bushnell, and Roger Kornberg for helpful discussions on the design of Mediator constructs; Tim Hsiau and Christopher Batten for computational help with assembly trees; Jin Huh for development of the BamHI- and BglII-methylation strains. This work was funded by the SynBERC NSF ERC. NR 28 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 3 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1754-1611 J9 J BIOL ENG JI J. Biol. Eng. PY 2013 VL 7 IS 1 AR 2 DI 10.1186/1754-1611-7-2 PG 16 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA AE6JH UT WOS:000334096700002 PM 23305072 ER PT S AU Christian, TE Loui, H Christodoulou, CG Dubbert, DF AF Christian, Thomas E. Loui, Hung Christodoulou, C. G. Dubbert, Dale F. GP IEEE Antennas & Propagat Soc TI A New Approach for In-Situ Scan Impedance Characterization of Scanned Antenna Arrays SO 2013 IEEE ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION SOCIETY INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM (APSURSI) SE IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Symposium of the IEEE-Antennas-and-Propagation-Society CY JUL 07-13, 2013 CL Orlando, FL SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, IEEE Antennas & Propagat Soc, APS AB Scanned phased array antennas require active scan impedance determination and mitigation. This paper addresses the former by introducing a novel in-situ measurement architecture and associated mathematics for efficiently determining the real-time active scan impedance of arbitrary sized scanned arrays in the field. The in-situ nature of the proposed architecture reduces the need for large numerical simulation and/or estimation of scan impedance variations due to possible diverse antenna array placement in the field. Direct experimental characterization also enables direct validation of numerical simulation. The mathematics developed are for an M by N antenna array utilizing direct in-situ mutual coupling characterization. The mathematical model was implemented in MATLAB and verified through simulation using CST Microwave Studio (MWS) for a 2x2 monopole planar antenna array. The model's robustness is tested by varying the inter-element spacing. C1 [Christian, Thomas E.] Univ New Mexico, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Sandia Natl Labs, ISR & Sensor Tech Org, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [Loui, Hung; Dubbert, Dale F.] ISR EM & Sensor Tech Org, Sandia Natl Lab, Albuquerque, NM USA. [Christodoulou, C. G.] Univ New Mexico, Dept Elect and Comp Engn, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. RP Christian, TE (reprint author), Univ New Mexico, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Sandia Natl Labs, ISR & Sensor Tech Org, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. EM tec@unm.edu NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1522-3965 BN 978-1-4673-5317-5 J9 IEEE ANTENNAS PROP PY 2013 BP 304 EP + PG 2 WC Telecommunications SC Telecommunications GA BA1OQ UT WOS:000332766800150 ER PT J AU Landecker, W Thomure, MD Bettencourt, LMA Mitchell, M Kenyon, GT Brumby, SP AF Landecker, Will Thomure, Michael D. Bettencourt, Luis M. A. Mitchell, Melanie Kenyon, Garrett T. Brumby, Steven P. GP IEEE TI Interpreting Individual Classifications of Hierarchical Networks SO 2013 IEEE SYMPOSIUM ON COMPUTATIONAL INTELLIGENCE AND DATA MINING (CIDM) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Symposium on Computational Intelligence and Data Mining (CIDM) CY APR 16-19, 2013 CL Singapore, SINGAPORE SP IEEE, IEEE Computat Intelligence Soc AB Hierarchical networks are known to achieve high classification accuracy on difficult machine-learning tasks. For many applications, a clear explanation of why the data was classified a certain way is just as important as the classification itself. However, the complexity of hierarchical networks makes them ill-suited for existing explanation methods. We propose a new method, contribution propagation, that gives per-instance explanations of a trained network's classifications. We give theoretical foundations for the proposed method, and evaluate its correctness empirically. Finally, we use the resulting explanations to reveal unexpected behavior of networks that achieve high accuracy on visual object-recognition tasks using well-known data sets. C1 [Landecker, Will; Thomure, Michael D.; Mitchell, Melanie] Portland State Univ, Dept Comp Sci, Portland, OR 97207 USA. [Kenyon, Garrett T.; Brumby, Steven P.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA. RP Landecker, W (reprint author), Portland State Univ, Dept Comp Sci, Portland, OR 97207 USA. EM landeckw@cs.pdx.edu; thomure@cs.pdx.edu; bettencourt@santafe.edu; mm@cs.pdx.edu; gkenyon@lanl.gov; brumby@lanl.gov FU National Science Foundation [1018967, 0749348]; Laboratory Directed Research and Development program at Los Alamos National Laboratory [20090006DR] FX This material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant Nos. 1018967 and 0749348, as well as the Laboratory Directed Research and Development program at Los Alamos National Laboratory (Project 20090006DR). Any opinions, findings, conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the funding agencies. NR 13 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4673-5895-8 PY 2013 BP 32 EP 38 PG 7 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BA2PH UT WOS:000333756100005 ER PT S AU Burckel, DB Samora, S Wiwi, M Wendt, JR AF Burckel, D. Bruce Samora, Sally Wiwi, Mike Wendt, Joel R. BE Boardman, AD Engheta, N Noginov, MA Zheludev, NI TI Development of CMOS-Compatible Membrane Projection Lithography SO METAMATERIALS: FUNDAMENTALS AND APPLICATIONS VI SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Metamaterials - Fundamentals and Applications VI CY AUG 25-29, 2013 CL San Diego, CA SP SPIE DE Metamaterials; nanophotonics; 3D fabrication ID METAMATERIAL AB Recently we have demonstrated membrane projection lithography (MPL) as a fabrication approach capable of creating 3D structures with sub-micron metallic inclusions for use in metamaterial and plasmonic applications using polymer material systems. While polymers provide several advantages in processing, they are soft and subject to stress-induced buckling. Furthermore, in next generation active photonic structures, integration of photonic components with CMOS electronics is desirable. While the MPL process flow is conceptually simple, it requires matrix, membrane and backfill materials with orthogonal processing deposition/removal chemistries. By transitioning the MPL process flow into an entirely inorganic material set based around silicon and standard CMOS-compatible materials, several elements of silicon microelectronics can be integrated into photonic devices at the unit-cell scale. This paper will present detailed fabrication and characterization data of these materials, emphasizing the processing trade space as well as optical characterization of the resulting structures. C1 [Burckel, D. Bruce; Samora, Sally; Wiwi, Mike; Wendt, Joel R.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Burckel, DB (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-9656-0 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2013 VL 8806 AR 880613 DI 10.1117/12.2024591 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Optics; Physics GA BA2UY UT WOS:000333925200009 ER PT J AU Gorton, I Liu, Y Koziolek, H Koziolek, A Salehie, M AF Gorton, Ian Liu, Yan Koziolek, Heiko Koziolek, Anne Salehie, Mazeiar BE Notkin, D Cheng, BHC Pohl, K TI 2nd International Workshop on Software Engineering Challenges for the Smart Grid (SE4SG 2013) SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE 35TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SOFTWARE ENGINEERING (ICSE 2013) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 35th International Conference on Software Engineering (ICSE) CY MAY 18-26, 2013 CL San Francisco, CA SP Assoc Comp Machinery, ACM Special Interest Grp Software Engn, IEEE Comp Soc, Tech Council Software Engn DE Software Engineering; Smart Grid AB The 2nd International Workshop on Software Engineering Challenges for the Smart Grid focuses on understanding and identifying the unique challenges and opportunities for SE to contribute to and enhance the design and development of the smart grid. In smart grids, the geographical scale, requirements on real-time performance and reliability, and diversity of application functionality all combine to produce a unique, highly demanding problem domain for SE to address. The objective of this workshop is to bring together members of the SE community and the power engineering community to understand these requirements and determine the most appropriate SE tools, methods and techniques. C1 [Gorton, Ian] Pacific Northwest Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Liu, Yan] Concordia Univ, Montreal, PQ, Canada. [Koziolek, Heiko] ABB Corp Res, Ind Software Syst, Ladenburg, Germany. [Koziolek, Anne] Karlsruhe Inst Technol, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany. [Salehie, Mazeiar] Lero Software Engn Res Ctr, Limerick, Ireland. RP Gorton, I (reprint author), Pacific Northwest Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM ian.gorton@pnl.gov; yan.liu@concordia.ca; heiko.koziolek@de.abb.com; koziolek@kit.edu; mazeiar.salehie@lero.ie NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4673-3076-3 PY 2013 BP 1553 EP + PG 2 WC Computer Science, Software Engineering; Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BA2WS UT WOS:000333965800237 ER PT S AU Chan, HB Marcet, Z Carr, DW Bower, JE Cirelli, RA Klemens, F Mansfield, WM Miner, JF Pai, CS Kravchenko, II AF Chan, H. B. Marcet, Z. Carr, D. W. Bower, J. E. Cirelli, R. A. Klemens, F. Mansfield, W. M. Miner, J. F. Pai, C. S. Kravchenko, I. I. GP IEEE TI Controlling the Polarization of Light with Bilayer Subwavelength Metallic Apertures SO 2013 15TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON TRANSPARENT OPTICAL NETWORKS (ICTON 2013) SE International Conference on Transparent Optical Networks-ICTON LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 15th International Conference on Transparent Optical Networks (ICTON) CY JUN 23-27, 2013 CL Cartagena, SPAIN SP Univ Politecnica Cartagena, IEEE, IEEE Photon Soc, Natl Inst Telecommunicat, Inst Lacznosci, Escuela Tecnica Super Ingn Telecomunicac DE surface waves; subwavelength apertures; evanescent fields; wave plates; polarization ID OPTICAL-TRANSMISSION; SLIT ARRAYS; ROTATOR AB In this paper, we tailor the evanescent field coupling between two metal layers with subwavelength slit arrays and created a half-wave plate that imparts a half-wave phase delay to one component of linear polarization. The polarization of linearly polarized light at 1.55 mu(m) wavelength can be rotated by up to 90 degrees, with polarization extinction ratio exceeding 22 dB. One advantage of this device over conventional polarization rotators is that the wavelength of operation can be chosen by fabricating subwavelength slit arrays with different parameters. Moreover, future devices can be designed to be mechanically tunable by suspending one of the metal plates. Nanomechanical motion between the two metal layers changes the evanescent field coupling between them, allowing real time control of the polarization of the transmitted light. C1 [Chan, H. B.; Marcet, Z.] Hong Kong Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Phys, Kowloon, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. [Marcet, Z.] Univ Florida, Dept Phys, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Carr, D. W.] Symphony Acoust, New Mexico 87124, Mexico. [Bower, J. E.; Cirelli, R. A.; Klemens, F.; Mansfield, W. M.; Miner, J. F.; Pai, C. S.] Bell Labs, Alcatel Lucen, Murray Hill, NJ 07974 USA. [Kravchenko, I. I.] Ctr Nanophase Mat Sci, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. RP Chan, HB (reprint author), Hong Kong Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Phys, Kowloon, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. EM hochan@ust.hk RI Kravchenko, Ivan/K-3022-2015 OI Kravchenko, Ivan/0000-0003-4999-5822 FU National Science Foundation [ECS-0621944]; Oak Ridge National Laboratory by the Division of Scientific User Facilities, U.S. Department of Energy FX This work was supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant No. ECS-0621944. A portion of this research was conducted at the Center for Nanophase Material Sciences, which is sponsored at Oak Ridge National Laboratory by the Division of Scientific User Facilities, U.S. Department of Energy. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2162-7339 BN 978-1-4799-0683-3 J9 INT C TRANS OPT NETW PY 2013 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BA1YR UT WOS:000333178300393 ER PT B AU Klotzsche, A van der Kruk, J Vereecken, H Linde, N Doetsch, J AF Klotzsche, A. van der Kruk, J. Vereecken, H. Linde, N. Doetsch, J. BE Derobert, X Baltazart, V Gantier, E Ihamouten, A Laguerre, L LeBastard, C Nedellec, N Simonin, JM Villain, G TI 3D Characterization of an Aquifer Using Full-Waveform Inversion and Amplitude Analysis SO 2013 7TH INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON ADVANCED GROUND PENETRATING RADAR (IWAGPR) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Workshop on Advanced Ground-Penetrating Radar (IWAGPR) CY JUL 02-05, 2013 CL Nantes, FRANCE SP IFSTTAR, Inst Electronique & Telecommunicat Rennes, CETE DE GPR; full-waveform inversion; Hydrogeophysics; low-velocity waveguide; preferential flow path ID CROSSHOLE RADAR DATA AB For accurate prediction of flow and contaminant transport in aquifers, a high resolution method is necessary, that is able to detect small-scale high-contrast layers. Such layers can act as low-velocity waveguides in the GPR signal and can be related to a zone of preferential flow or impermeable clay lenses. Here, we characterize a saturated gravel aquifer in 3D by applying 2D full-waveform inversion and an amplitude analysis approach that explores the information content present in the measured GPR data. The full-waveform inversion results of the permittivity and conductivity show decimeter-scale high resolution images and similar results at the borehole crossing and at the intersection of the diagonal planes. In all six planes, a high permittivity layer between 5m-6m depth was resolved, which acted due to the high contrast to the surrounding as a low-velocity waveguide indicating a zone of higher porosity. The amplitude analysis of the measured data showed significant wave propagation for transmitter located in and outside this zone. By using this information, the method was able to detect the waveguide layers and their boundaries in the measured data, which were confirmed by the full-waveform inversion results. Permeability logs indicate a zone of preferential flow between 5m-6m depth, which shows a good agreement with the high permittivity/ porosity zone detected by the full-waveform inversion. C1 [Klotzsche, A.; van der Kruk, J.; Vereecken, H.] Forschungszentrum Julich, Agrosphere IBG 3, D-52425 Julich, Germany. [Linde, N.] Univ Lausanne, Fac Geosci & Environm, Appl & Environm Geophys Grp, Lausanne, Switzerland. [Doetsch, J.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA USA. RP Klotzsche, A (reprint author), Forschungszentrum Julich, Agrosphere IBG 3, D-52425 Julich, Germany. RI van der Kruk, Jan/A-5640-2008 OI van der Kruk, Jan/0000-0003-2348-1436 FU Swiss National Science Foundation; ETH Competence Center for Environment and Sustainability FX We thank the Julich Supercomputing Centre (JSC) for allowing us to access the JUROPA high-performance cluster. We want to thank the RECORD project, the Swiss National Science Foundation and the ETH Competence Center for Environment and Sustainability for funding and making the data available for this study. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4799-0940-7; 978-1-4799-0937-7 PY 2013 BP 49 EP 52 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BA2OT UT WOS:000333741900007 ER PT J AU Xu, B Wolfson, O Yang, J Stenneth, L Yu, PS Nelson, PC AF Xu, Bo Wolfson, Ouri Yang, Jie Stenneth, Leon Yu, Philip S. Nelson, Peter C. GP IEEE TI Real- time Street Parking Availability Estimation SO 2013 IEEE 14TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MOBILE DATA MANAGEMENT (MDM 2013), VOL 1 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE 14th International Conference on Mobile Data Management (MDM) CY JUN 03-06, 2013 CL Univ Milan, Milan, ITALY SP IEEE, IEEE Comp Soc, IBM Res, STMicroelectronics, Telecom Italia, Univ Milan, Dept Comp Sci, Google HO Univ Milan DE transportation mode; bluetooth; activity recognition; GPS; Kalman Filter; mobile phones; parking AB Real-time parking availability information is important in urban areas, and if available could reduce congestion, pollution, and gas consumption. In this paper, we present a software solution called PhonePark for detecting the availability of on-street parking spaces. The solution uses the GPS and/or accelerometer sensors in a traveler's mobile phone to automatically detect when and where the traveler parked her car, and when she released a parking slot. PhonePark can also utilize the mobile phone's Bluetooth sensor or piggyback on street parking payment transactions for parking activity detection. Thus, the solution considers only mobile phones and does not rely on any external sensors such as cameras, wireless sensors embedded in the pavements, or ultrasonic sensors on vehicles. Further contributions include an algorithm to compute the historical parking availability profile for an arbitrary street block and algorithms to estimate the parking availability in real-time for a given street block. The algorithms are evaluated using real-time and real world street parking data. C1 [Xu, Bo] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Wolfson, Ouri; Yang, Jie; Stenneth, Leon; Yu, Philip S.; Nelson, Peter C.] Univ Illinois, Chicago, IL 60680 USA. RP Xu, B (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM boxu@uic.edu; wolfson@uic.edu; jyang06@uic.edu; lstenn2@uic.edu; psyu@uic.edu; nelson@uic.edu FU U.S. Department of Transportation National University Rail Center (NURAIL); National Science Foundation [IIS-1213013, CCF-1216096, DGE-0549489] FX This research was supported, in part, by the U.S. Department of Transportation National University Rail Center (NURAIL), National Science Foundation grants IIS-1213013, CCF-1216096, DGE-0549489. NR 16 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1264 USA BN 978-1-4673-6068-5 PY 2013 BP 16 EP 25 DI 10.1109/MDM.2013.12 PG 10 WC Telecommunications SC Telecommunications GA BA2PC UT WOS:000333751700006 ER PT S AU Balasa, F Luican, II Gingu, CV AF Balasa, Florin Luican, Ilie I. Gingu, Cristian V. BE Carletta, J Geiger, RL TI Scratch-Pad Memory Banking for Energy Reduction in Embedded Signal Processing Systems SO 2013 IEEE 56TH INTERNATIONAL MIDWEST SYMPOSIUM ON CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS (MWSCAS) SE Midwest Symposium on Circuits and Systems Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE 56th International Midwest Symposium on Circuits and Systems (MWSCAS) CY AUG 04-07, 2013 CL Ohio State Univ, Ohio Union, Columbus, OH SP IEEE, IEEE Circuits & Syst Soc, Univ Cincinnati, Khalifa Univ HO Ohio State Univ, Ohio Union ID OPTIMIZATION AB Many signal processing systems, particularly in the multimedia and telecommunication domains, are synthesized to execute data-intensive applications: their cost related aspects - namely power consumption, performance, and chip area are heavily influenced, if not dominated, by the data transfer and storage aspects. In such applications, hierarchical memory organizations reduce energy consumption by exploiting the non-uniformity of memory accesses and assigning the frequently-accessed data to low levels of the hierarchy. Moreover, within a given level, power can be reduced by memory partitioning whose principle is to divide the address space in several smaller blocks, and to map these blocks to physical memory banks. This paper addresses the problem of energy-aware banking of on-chip memories for data-intensive applications, proposing a technique that is guided by the intensity of memory accesses within the array space of signals. C1 [Balasa, Florin] Amer Univ Cairo, Cairo, Egypt. [Luican, Ilie I.] Microsoft Inc, Redmond, WA 98052 USA. [Gingu, Cristian V.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60555 USA. RP Balasa, F (reprint author), Amer Univ Cairo, Cairo, Egypt. NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1548-3746 BN 978-1-4799-0066-4 J9 MIDWEST SYMP CIRCUIT PY 2013 BP 844 EP 847 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BA1YQ UT WOS:000333176800212 ER PT J AU Teifel, J Flores, RS Jarecki, R Bauer, T Shinde, SL AF Teifel, John Flores, Richard S. Jarecki, Robert Bauer, Todd Shinde, Subhash L. GP IEEE TI A Quick-Turn 3D Structured ASIC Platform for Cost-Sensitive Applications SO 2013 IEEE 63RD ELECTRONIC COMPONENTS AND TECHNOLOGY CONFERENCE (ECTC) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE 63rd Electronic Components and Technology Conference (ECTC) CY MAY 28-31, 2013 CL Las Vegas, NV SP IEEE, IEEE Components, Packaging & Mfg Technol Soc ID INTEGRATED-CIRCUITS AB This paper presents a novel 3D structured ASIC platform that lowers the development effort required to deploy 3D integration technologies in cost sensitive, low-volume applications. The key advantage of this structured 3D ASIC architecture, over custom 3D ASICs, is a fixed vertical interconnect pattern that is programmed by a single 2D metal-via mask, allowing individual die levels to be rapidly designed, fabricated, and assembled. The first silicon realization of this architecture is a 3D-stackable 12x12mm structured ASIC die with 42K interconnects, which is resource compatible with an existing 2D structured ASIC device of the same size. 3D die stacks built using this platform are also intended to be a less costly and more flexible replacement for a large 20x20mm monolithically integrated structured ASIC device. This 3D structured ASIC platform was designed and fabricated in Sandia's 0.35-mu m foundry, and high-density front-end-of-line through silicon vias (TSVs) were developed to implement the 3D vertical interconnects. C1 [Teifel, John; Flores, Richard S.; Jarecki, Robert; Bauer, Todd; Shinde, Subhash L.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Teifel, J (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800,MS1072, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM jteifel@sandia.gov NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4799-0233-0 PY 2013 BP 592 EP 598 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BA1ON UT WOS:000332764900092 ER PT J AU Okoro, C Levine, LE Xu, RQ Tischler, JZ Liu, WJ Kirillov, O Hummler, K Obeng, YS AF Okoro, Chukwudi Levine, Lyle E. Xu, Ruqing Tischler, Jonathan Z. Liu, Wenjun Kirillov, Oleg Hummler, Klaus Obeng, Yaw S. GP IEEE TI X-Ray Micro-Beam Diffraction Determination of Full Stress Tensors in Cu TSVs SO 2013 IEEE 63RD ELECTRONIC COMPONENTS AND TECHNOLOGY CONFERENCE (ECTC) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE 63rd Electronic Components and Technology Conference (ECTC) CY MAY 28-31, 2013 CL Las Vegas, NV SP IEEE, IEEE Components, Packaging & Mfg Technol Soc ID THROUGH-SILICON; COPPER; IMPACT AB We report the first non-destructive, depth resolved determination of the full stress tensor in Cu through-silicon vias (TSVs), using synchrotron based micro-beam X-ray diffraction. Two adjacent Cu TSVs were studied; one deliberately capped with SiO2, the other without (uncapped). Both Cu TSVs were found to be in a state of tensile hydrostatic stress that fluctuated considerably with depth. The average hydrostatic stress across the capped and the uncapped Cu TSVs was found to be (99 MPa +/- 13 MPa) and (118 MPa +/- 18 MPa), respectively. This apparent disparity between the mean hydrostatic stresses is attributed to local differences in their microstructure, and not to the differences in capping. C1 [Okoro, Chukwudi; Kirillov, Oleg; Obeng, Yaw S.] NIST, Semicond & Dimens Metrol Div, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. [Levine, Lyle E.] NIST, Mat Sci & Engn Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. [Xu, Ruqing; Tischler, Jonathan Z.; Liu, Wenjun] Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Hummler, Klaus] SEMA TECH, Albany, NY 12203 USA. RP Okoro, C (reprint author), NIST, Semicond & Dimens Metrol Div, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. EM chukwudi.okoro@nist.gov FU U.S Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02- 06CH11357] FX The presented SEM image was provided by James Marro of Clemson University, Clemson, SC. The XOR/UNI facilities on Sector 34 at the APS are supported by the U.S Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02- 06CH11357. NR 15 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 3 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4799-0233-0 PY 2013 BP 648 EP 652 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BA1ON UT WOS:000332764900100 ER PT S AU Guo, LP Aqil, M Zinger, DS Wang, J AF Guo, Liping Aqil, Mohammad Zinger, Donald S. Wang, Ju GP IEEE TI Design of a Digital Control System for DC-DC Converters to Power Electromagnets SO 2013 IEEE INDUSTRY APPLICATIONS SOCIETY ANNUAL MEETING SE IEEE Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Annual Meeting of the IEEE-Industry-Applications-Society CY OCT 06-11, 2013 CL Lake Buena Vista, FL SP IEEE Ind Applicat Soc, IEEE DE DC-DC converters; digital control; digital filter AB DC-DC converters are used at the Advanced Photon Source (APS) at Argonne National Laboratory to power electromagnets. A highly accurate control system is required for the DC-DC converters. This paper describes the design and evaluation of a digital control system to regulate the output current and reduce noise coupled in the system. A digital controller is first designed based on the small signal model of the converter. Experimental data of the output current is analyzed. Several types of digital filters are then designed to reduce the noise in the output current. The complete control system is then simulated and results are evaluated. C1 [Guo, Liping] No Illinois Univ, Dept Technol, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA. [Aqil, Mohammad; Zinger, Donald S.] No Illinois Univ, Dept Elect Engn, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA. [Wang, Ju] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Guo, LP (reprint author), No Illinois Univ, Dept Technol, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA. EM lguo@niu.edu; aqilafzal@hotmail.com; dzinger@niu.edu; juw@anl.gov FU Advanced Photon Source at Argonne National Laboratory FX This work was supported by Advanced Photon Source at Argonne National Laboratory. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0197-2618 J9 IEEE IND APPLIC SOC PY 2013 PG 5 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BA1GV UT WOS:000332531700054 ER PT B AU Guzik, JA AF Guzik, J. A. BE Jain, K Tripathy, SC Hill, F Leibacher, JW Pevtsov, AA TI Challenges in Solar and Stellar Model Physics SO FIFTY YEARS OF SEISMOLOGY OF THE SUN AND STARS SE Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 27th Workshop on Fifty Years of Seismology of the Sun and Stars CY MAY 06-10, 2013 CL Tucson, AZ SP Natl Solar Observ, NSF, ESA, NISP Program ID GAMMA DORADUS STARS; EQUATION-OF-STATE; DELTA-SCUTI STARS; DARK-MATTER; CHEMICAL-COMPOSITION; GRAVITY MODES; OPAL; OPACITIES; DIFFUSION; HELIOSEISMOLOGY AB We are reaching relative maturity and standardization in one-dimensional single-star stellar evolution and pulsation modeling, and are making advances in binary and 2D and 3D models. However, many physical inputs are still uncertain or neglected in models of the Sun and of other stars. Thanks to the Kepler, CoRoT, and MOST spacecraft, and ground-based networks, we now have pulsation data for stars that are of comparable quality to that for the Sun to constrain models and test physical assumptions. Here I will focus on main sequence (core H-burning) or slightly post-main sequence (shell H-burning) stellar models, and some of the unsolved problems for these stars. I will revisit the solar abundance problem, and show the effects of modified eleclion screening, dark matter, and early mass loss on solar models. I will discuss the gamma Dor/delta Sct hybrid stars, the mismatch between predicted and observed frequencies for delta Sct stars, and how seismology of stars more massive than the Sun, e.g. the brightest Kepler target theta Cyg, could help us constrain physical processes such as diffusive settling, test pulsation driving mechanisms, and provide clues to the solar abundance problem. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Guzik, JA (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 57 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASTRONOMICAL SOC PACIFIC PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 390 ASHTON AVE, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94112 USA BN 978-1-58381-840-4 J9 ASTR SOC P PY 2013 VL 478 BP 351 EP 364 PG 14 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA BA2MN UT WOS:000333656200047 ER PT B AU Zhao, C Lercher, JA AF Zhao, Chen Lercher, Johannes A. BE Triantafyllidis, KS Lappas, AA Stocker, M TI Catalytic Depolymerization and Deoxygenation of Lignin SO ROLE OF CATALYSIS FOR THE SUSTAINABLE PRODUCTION OF BIO-FUELS AND BIO-CHEMICALS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID WATER-INSOLUBLE FRACTION; BIOMASS PYROLYSIS OIL; RHODIUM-ON-CHARCOAL; SUPERCRITICAL WATER; MODEL COMPOUNDS; WOOD LIGNIN; OXYGENATE COMPONENTS; PRODUCT DISTRIBUTION; ORGANOCELL PROCESS; HZSM-5 ZEOLITE C1 [Zhao, Chen; Lercher, Johannes A.] Tech Univ Munich, Dept Chem, D-85747 Garching, Germany. [Zhao, Chen; Lercher, Johannes A.] Tech Univ Munich, Catalysis Res Ctr, D-85747 Garching, Germany. [Lercher, Johannes A.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Inst Integrated Catalysis, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Zhao, C (reprint author), Tech Univ Munich, Dept Chem, Lichtenbergstr 4, D-85747 Garching, Germany. NR 101 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS BN 978-0-444-56332-3; 978-0-444-56330-9 PY 2013 BP 289 EP 320 PG 32 WC Chemistry, Applied; Energy & Fuels SC Chemistry; Energy & Fuels GA BA0MN UT WOS:000331901800010 ER PT B AU Fthenakis, VM AF Fthenakis, Vasilis M. BE McEvoy, A Markvart, T Castaner, L TI Overview of Potential Hazards SO SOLAR CELLS: MATERIALS, MANUFACTURE AND OPERATION, 2ND EDITION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl PV EHS Assistance Ctr, Dept Environm Sci, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Fthenakis, VM (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl PV EHS Assistance Ctr, Dept Environm Sci, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 16 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA BN 978-0-08-099379-9; 978-0-12-386964-7 PY 2013 BP 533 EP 545 DI 10.1016/B978-0-12-386964-7.00017-2 PG 13 WC Energy & Fuels SC Energy & Fuels GA BA0MS UT WOS:000331904800017 ER PT S AU Jin, T Tracy, C Veeraraghavan, M Yan, ZZ AF Jin, Tian Tracy, Chris Veeraraghavan, Malathi Yan, Zhenzhen GP IEEE TI Traffic Engineering of High-Rate Large-Sized Flows SO 2013 IEEE 14TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON HIGH PERFORMANCE SWITCHING AND ROUTING (HPSR) SE IEEE International Conference on High Performance Switching and Routing LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE 14th International Conference on High Performance Switching and Routing (HPSR) CY JUL 08-11, 2013 CL Taipei, TAIWAN SP IEEE AB High-rate large-sized (alpha) flows have adverse effects on delay-sensitive flows. Research-and-education network providers are interested in identifying such flows within their networks, and directing these flows to traffic-engineered QoS-controlled virtual circuits. To achieve this goal, a design is proposed for a hybrid network traffic engineering system (HNTES) that would run on an external server, gather NetFlow reports from routers, analyze these reports to identify alpha-flow source/destination address prefixes, configure firewall filter rules at ingress routers to extract future flows and redirect them to previously provisioned intra-domain virtual circuits. T his paper presents an evaluation of this HNTES design using NetFlow reports collected over a 7-month period from four ESnet routers. Our analysis shows that had HNTES been deployed, it would have been highly effective, e. g., > 90% of alpha-bytes that arrived at the four routers over the 7-month period would have been redirected to virtual circuits. Design aspects such as whether to use /24 subnet IDs or /32 addresses in firewall filters, and which router interfaces' NetFlow reports to include in the HNTES analysis, are studied. C1 [Jin, Tian; Veeraraghavan, Malathi; Yan, Zhenzhen] Univ Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA. [Tracy, Chris] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Energy Sci Network ESnet, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Jin, T (reprint author), Univ Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA. EM tj3sr@virginia.edu; ctracy@es.net; mvee@virginia.edu; zy4d@virginia.edu FU U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) [DE-SC0002350, DE-SC0007341]; NSF [OCI-1038058, OCI-1127340, CNS-1116081]; Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy ciences, of the U.S. DOE [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX The University of Virginia portion of this work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) grant DE-SC0002350, DE-SC0007341 and NSF grants OCI-1038058, OCI-1127340, and CNS-1116081. The ESnet portion of this work was supported by the Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the U.S. DOE under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. NR 14 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2325-5595 BN 978-1-4673-4620-7 J9 IEEE INT CONF HIGH PY 2013 BP 128 EP 135 PG 8 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BA2DP UT WOS:000333337700021 ER PT J AU Matlashov, A Magnelind, P Sandin, H Espy, M Anderson, A Mukundan, H AF Matlashov, Andrei Magnelind, Per Sandin, Henrik Espy, Michelle Anderson, Aaron Mukundan, Harshini GP IEEE TI SQUID Instrumentation for Early Cancer Diagnostics Combining SQUID-Based Ultra-Low Field MRI and Superparamagnetic Relaxation SO 2013 IEEE 14TH INTERNATIONAL SUPERCONDUCTIVE ELECTRONICS CONFERENCE (ISEC) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE 14th International Superconductive Electronics Conference (ISEC) CY JUL 07-11, 2013 CL Cambridge, MA SP IEEE, IEEE Council Superconduct, Out Fog Res, Russian Quantum Ctr, ONR, Dept Navy DE SQUID; ULF MRI; MRX; SPMR; magnetic relaxation; magnetic nano-markers; MRI contrast agents ID MAGNETIC NANOPARTICLES; SYSTEM; CELLS AB Ultra-sensitive magnetic detection and imaging of tagged tissue cells using superparamagnetic nanoparticles is a developing technique for disease diagnosis, e.g. early cancer diagnostics. Superconducting quantum interference devices (SQUIDs) are very suitable for such sensitive measurements. Super-paramagnetic relaxometry is used for detection of targeted cells with high specificity, as only bound nanoparticles are detected via Neel relaxation. By combining relaxometry with ultra-low field magnetic resonance imaging (ULF MRI), using the same instrument, the tagged area can be imaged to provide anatomical information and bounds for the inverse problem, as the same magnetic particles work as MRI contrast agents. The combination of ULF MRI and relaxometry could provide both accurate localization and cell count of the tagged tissue, which would enable detection and localization of cancerous tissue at a very early disease stage. We describe our design of such a combined SQUID-based instrument, and present our first experimental results on phantoms. C1 [Matlashov, Andrei; Magnelind, Per; Sandin, Henrik; Espy, Michelle] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Appl Modern Phys Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Matlashov, A (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Appl Modern Phys Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 5 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4673-6371-6 PY 2013 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BA2CG UT WOS:000333277300004 ER PT J AU Chang, C Xu, W Yan, HF Li, L Chu, YS Yu, DT AF Chang, Cheng Xu, Wei Yan, Hanfei Li, Li Chu, Yong S. Yu, Dantong GP IEEE TI Accelerating Differential Phase Contrast Imaging for NSLS-II Data Analysis SO 2013 10TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE AND EXPO ON EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES FOR A SMARTER WORLD (CEWIT) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 10th International Conference and Expo on Emerging Technologies for a Smarter World (CEWIT) CY OCT 21-22, 2013 CL Melville, NY DE Acceleration; Non-linear fitting; Fourier transform; DPC; Multi-core CPUs ID NANOSCALE AB In scanning x-ray microscopy, Differential Phase Contrast (DPC) imaging is a technique to image the phase contrast information. It is based on the concept that locally a sample can be considered as a prism, which deflects the incident x-ray beam slightly in angle. Many efforts have been made in DPC imaging and a number of representative cases at a moderate spatial resolution have demonstrated the success of the method. However, the inherent limitations of those methods prevent DPC imaging from ultra-high spatial resolution imaging applications. A highly robust approach to DPC imaging based on Fourier-shift fitting was proposed recently. This method is effective in reconstructing the buried nanoscale interfacial structures. Because of the non-linear fitting and Fourier transformation operations involved in the algorithm, the computation is intensive at each scanning point. One challenge in this method is to make it fast enough to keep up with pixel-wise scanning, so that real-time data processing can be achieved. Here we provided three implementations in Matlab, Python and C++ and compared their speed performance. Experiments show that the C++ version is about one order of magnitude faster than the Matlab version and nearly two orders of magnitude faster than the Python version. In addition, we designed a parallel algorithm to divide the task into a number of independently running routines executing on a batch-queue based multi-core servers cluster and achieved almost another two orders of magnitude improvement. C1 [Chang, Cheng; Xu, Wei; Yan, Hanfei; Li, Li; Chu, Yong S.; Yu, Dantong] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Computat Sci Ctr, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Chang, C (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Computat Sci Ctr, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM cchang@bnl.gov; xuw@bnl.gov; hyan@bnl.gov; lili@bnl.gov; ychu@bnl.gov; dtyu@bnl.gov RI Yan, Hanfei/F-7993-2011 OI Yan, Hanfei/0000-0001-6824-0367 NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4799-2546-9 PY 2013 PG 4 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering, Multidisciplinary SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BA1YM UT WOS:000333164800002 ER PT S AU Zhang, ZH Trinkle, M Dimitrovski, AD Li, HS AF Zhang, Zhenghao Trinkle, Matthew Dimitrovski, Aleksandar. D. Li, Husheng GP IEEE TI Combating Time Synchronization Attack: A Cross Layer Defense Mechanism SO 2013 ACM/IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON CYBER-PHYSICAL SYSTEMS (ICCPS) SE ACM-IEEE International Conference on Cyber-Physical Systems LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 4th IEEE/ACM International Conference on Cyber-Physical Systems (ICCPS) CY APR 08-11, 2013 CL Philadelphia, PA SP IEEE, ACM AB A novel time synchronization attack (TSA) on wide area monitoring systems in smart grid has been identified recently. A cross layer detection mechanism is proposed to combat TSA in this paper. In the physical layer, we propose a GPS carrier carrier to noise ratio (C/No) based spoofing detection technique. In addition, a patch-monopole hybrid antenna is applied to receive GPS signal. By computing the standard deviation of the C/No difference from two GPS receivers, the a priori probability of spoofing detection is fed to the upper layer, where power system state is estimated and controlled. A trustworthiness based evaluation method is applied to identify the PMU being under TSA. Both the physical layer and upper layer algorithms are integrated to detect the TSA, thus forming a cross layer mechanism. Experiment is carried out to verify the effectiveness of the proposed TSA detection algorithm. C1 [Zhang, Zhenghao; Li, Husheng] Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Trinkle, Matthew] Univ Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia. [Dimitrovski, Aleksandar. D.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. RP Zhang, ZH (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM zzhang26@utk.edu; mtrinkle@eleceng.adelaide.edu.au; dimitrovskia@ornl.gov; husheng@eecs.utk.edu RI Dimitrovski, Aleksandar/G-5897-2016 OI Dimitrovski, Aleksandar/0000-0001-9109-621X FU National Science Foundation [CNS-1116826, CNS-1237834, CNS-1239366]; UT-ORNL Science Alliance JDRD Award FX This work was supported by the National Science Foundation under grants CNS-1116826, CNS-1237834, CNS-1239366 and UT-ORNL Science Alliance JDRD Award. NR 27 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2375-8317 BN 978-1-4503-1996-6 J9 ACM IEEE INT CONF CY PY 2013 BP 141 EP 149 PG 9 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Information Systems SC Computer Science GA BA1RE UT WOS:000332951500015 ER PT S AU Gonzalez, DL Pendse, SV Padmanabhan, K Angus, MP Tetteh, IK Srinivas, S Villanes, A Semazzi, F Kumar, V Samatova, NF AF Gonzalez, Doel L., II Pendse, Saurabh V. Padmanabhan, Kanchana Angus, Michael P. Tetteh, Isaac K. Srinivas, Shashank Villanes, Andrea Semazzi, Fredrick Kumar, Vipin Samatova, Nagiza F. BE Xiong, H Karypis, G Thuraisingham, B Cook, D Wu, X TI Coupled Heterogeneous Association Rule Mining (CHARM): Application toward Inference of Modulatory Climate Relationships SO 2013 IEEE 13TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON DATA MINING (ICDM) SE IEEE International Conference on Data Mining LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE 13th International Conference on Data Mining (ICDM) CY DEC 07-10, 2013 CL Dallas, TX SP IEEE, IEEE Comp Soc, NSF, Toshiba, KNIME, TechMatrix, Univ Texas Dallas, Univ Texas Dallas, Erik Jonsson Sch Engn & Comp Sci, Dept Comp Sci DE association rules; climate; data coupling; discovery ID DATA SETS; RAINFALL; VARIABILITY; SAHEL; TIMESCALES; PATTERNS; IMPACT AB The complex dynamic climate system often exhibits hierarchical modularity of its organization and function. Scientists have spent decades trying to discover and understand the driving mechanisms behind western African Sahel summer rainfall variability, mostly via hypothesis-driven and/or first-principles based research. Their work has furthered theory regarding the connections between various climate patterns, but the key relationships are still not fully understood. We present Coupled Heterogeneous Association Rule Mining (CHARM), a computationally efficient methodology that mines higher-order relationships between these subsystems' anomalous temporal phases with respect to their effect on the system's response. We apply this to climate science data, aiming to infer putative pathways/cascades of modulating events and the modulating signs that collectively define the network of pathways for the rainfall anomaly in the Sahel. Experimental results are consistent with fundamental theories of phenomena in climate science, especially physical processes that best describe sub-regional climate. C1 [Gonzalez, Doel L., II; Pendse, Saurabh V.; Padmanabhan, Kanchana; Angus, Michael P.; Tetteh, Isaac K.; Srinivas, Shashank; Villanes, Andrea; Semazzi, Fredrick; Samatova, Nagiza F.] North Carolina State Univ, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Gonzalez, Doel L., II; Pendse, Saurabh V.; Padmanabhan, Kanchana; Srinivas, Shashank; Samatova, Nagiza F.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Kumar, Vipin] Univ Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. RP Samatova, NF (reprint author), North Carolina State Univ, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM samatovan@ornl.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy; Office of Science; Office of Advanced Scientific Computing Research (ASCR); National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA); U.S. National Science Foundation (Expeditions in Computing); LLC U.S. D.O.E. [DEAC05-00OR22725] FX This work was supported in part by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, the Office of Advanced Scientific Computing Research (ASCR), the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), the U.S. National Science Foundation (Expeditions in Computing). Oak Ridge National Laboratory is managed by UT-Battelle for the LLC U.S. D.O.E. under contract no. DEAC05-00OR22725. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Science Foundation. NR 27 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1550-4786 J9 IEEE DATA MINING PY 2013 BP 1055 EP 1060 DI 10.1109/ICDM.2013.142 PG 6 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence SC Computer Science GA BA1QI UT WOS:000332874200114 ER PT J AU Zhang, JX Zhang, R Zhang, YC Yan, GH AF Zhang, Jinxue Zhang, Rui Zhang, Yanchao Yan, Guanhua GP IEEE TI On the Impact of Social Botnets for Spam Distribution and Digital-influence Manipulation SO 2013 IEEE CONFERENCE ON COMMUNICATIONS AND NETWORK SECURITY (CNS) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1st IEEE International Conference on Communications and Network Security (CNS) CY OCT 14-16, 2013 CL Washington, DC SP IEEE, VeriSign Corp, Virginia Techs Hume Ctr AB Online social networks (OSNs) are increasingly threatened by social bots which are software-controlled OSN accounts that mimic human users with malicious intentions. A social botnet refers to a group of social bots under the control of a single botmaster, which collaborate to conduct malicious behavior, while at the same time mimicking the interactions among normal OSN users to reduce their individual risk of being detected. We demonstrate the effectiveness and advantages of exploiting a social botnet for spam distribution and digital-influence manipulation through real experiments on Twitter and also trace-driven simulations. Our results can help understand the potentially detrimental effects of social botnets and help OSNs improve their bot(net) detection systems. C1 [Zhang, Jinxue; Zhang, Yanchao] Arizona State Univ, Tempe, AZ 85069 USA. [Zhang, Rui] Univ Hawaii, Honolulu, HI USA. [Yan, Guanhua] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA. RP Zhang, JX (reprint author), Arizona State Univ, Tempe, AZ 85069 USA. EM jxzhang@asu.edu; ruizhang@hawaii.edu; yczhang@asu.edu; ghyan@lanl.gov NR 33 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 4 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4799-0895-0 PY 2013 BP 46 EP 54 PG 9 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Telecommunications SC Computer Science; Telecommunications GA BA1QL UT WOS:000332881600006 ER PT J AU Park, YB Ghosh, J Shankar, M AF Park, Yubin Ghosh, Joydeep Shankar, Mallikarjun GP IEEE TI Perturbed Gibbs Samplers for Generating Large-Scale Privacy-Safe Synthetic Health Data SO 2013 IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON HEALTHCARE INFORMATICS (ICHI 2013) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1st IEEE International Conference on Healthcare Informatics (ICHI) CY SEP 09-11, 2013 CL Philadelphia, PA SP IEEE, IEEE Comp Soc AB This paper introduces a non-parametric data synthesizing algorithm to generate privacy-safe "realistic but not real" synthetic health data. Our goal is to provide a systematic mechanism that guarantees an adequate and controllable level of privacy while substantially improving on the utility of public use data, compared to current practices by CMS, OSHPD and other agencies. The proposed algorithm synthesizes artificial records while preserving the statistical characteristics of the original data to the extent possible. The risk from "database linking attack" is quantified by either an l-diversified or an epsilon-differentially perturbed data generation process. Moreover its algorithmic performance is optimized using Locality-Sensitive Hashing and parallel computation techniques to yield a linear-time algorithm that is suitable for Big Data Health applications. We synthesize a public Medicare claim dataset using the proposed algorithm, and demonstrate multiple data mining applications and statistical analyses using the data. The synthetic dataset delivers results that are substantially identical to those obtained from the original dataset, without revealing the actual records. C1 [Park, Yubin; Ghosh, Joydeep] Univ Texas Austin, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Shankar, Mallikarjun] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Computat Sci & Engn Div, Oak Ridge, TN USA. RP Park, YB (reprint author), Univ Texas Austin, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Austin, TX 78712 USA. RI Shankar, Mallikarjun/N-4400-2015 OI Shankar, Mallikarjun/0000-0001-5289-7460 NR 17 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-0-7695-5089-3 PY 2013 BP 493 EP 498 DI 10.1109/ICHI.2013.76 PG 6 WC Medical Informatics SC Medical Informatics GA BA1QP UT WOS:000332894400070 ER PT S AU Rohwer, JA Thompson, M Bickel, DL Bielek, TP Sander, GJ AF Rohwer, J. A. Thompson, M. Bickel, D. L. Bielek, T. P. Sander, G. J. GP IEEE TI An X-band Crevasse Detection Radar for the Arctic and Antarctic SO 2013 IEEE RADAR CONFERENCE (RADAR) SE IEEE Radar Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Radar Conference (RADAR) CY APR 29-MAY 03, 2013 CL Ottawa, CANADA SP IEEE, IEEE Ottawa Sect, AESS AB Sandia National Laboratories has had an ongoing project with New York Air National Guard to develop and deliver X-band crevasse detection imaging radars systems. The radar has successfully collected data and detected crevasses in the Arctic and Antarctica. Recently four radar systems were delivered and transitioned to the Guard. This paper discusses the radar systems and shows results from actual data collections in these regions. C1 [Rohwer, J. A.; Thompson, M.; Bickel, D. L.; Bielek, T. P.; Sander, G. J.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Rohwer, JA (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM dlbicke@sandia.gov NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1097-5764 BN 978-1-4673-5794-4; 978-1-4673-5792-0 J9 IEEE RAD CONF PY 2013 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Physics; Telecommunications GA BA1GF UT WOS:000332480800072 ER PT S AU Sen, S Glover, CW AF Sen, Satyabrata Glover, Charles W. GP IEEE TI Optimal Multicarrier Phase-Coded Waveform Design for Detection of Extended Targets SO 2013 IEEE RADAR CONFERENCE (RADAR) SE IEEE Radar Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Radar Conference (RADAR) CY APR 29-MAY 03, 2013 CL Ottawa, CANADA SP IEEE, IEEE Ottawa Sect, AESS ID SIGNAL-DEPENDENT INTERFERENCE; ENHANCED DETECTION; RADAR SIGNAL AB We design a parametric multicarrier phase-coded (MCPC) waveform that achieves the optimal performance in detecting an extended target in the presence of signal-dependent interference. Traditional waveform design techniques provide only the optimal energy spectral density of the transmit waveform and suffer a performance loss in the synthesis process of the time-domain signal. Therefore, we opt for directly designing an MCPC waveform in terms of its time-frequency codes to obtain the optimal detection performance. First, we describe the modeling assumptions considering an extended target buried within the signal-dependent clutter with known power spectral density, and deduce the performance characteristics of the optimal detector. Then, considering an MCPC signal transmission, we express the detection characteristics in terms of phase-codes of the MCPC waveform and propose to optimally design the MCPC signal by maximizing the detection probability. Our numerical results demonstrate that the designed MCPC signal attains the optimal detection performance and requires a lesser computational time than the other parametric waveform design approach. C1 [Sen, Satyabrata; Glover, Charles W.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Comp Sci & Math Div, Ctr Engn Sci Adv Res, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Sen, S (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Comp Sci & Math Div, Ctr Engn Sci Adv Res, 1 Bethel Valley Rd, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM sens@ornl.gov; glovercw@ornl.gov NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1097-5764 BN 978-1-4673-5794-4; 978-1-4673-5792-0 J9 IEEE RAD CONF PY 2013 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Physics; Telecommunications GA BA1GF UT WOS:000332480800199 ER PT B AU Burress, T Campbell, S AF Burress, Tim Campbell, Steven GP IEEE TI Benchmarking EV and HEV Power Electronics and Electric Machines SO 2013 IEEE TRANSPORTATION ELECTRIFICATION CONFERENCE AND EXPO (ITEC) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Transportation Electrification Conference and Expo (ITEC) CY JUN 16-19, 2013 CL Dearborn, MI SP IEEE, IEEE Power Elect Soc, IEEE Ind Applicat Soc, IEEE Power & Energy Soc, U S Dept Energy, Oak Ridge Natl Lab AB This paper presents information from an ongoing benchmarking project being conducted at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) and funded by the Department of Energy (DOE). Beginning with the 2004 Toyota Prius, ORNL has benchmarked components from many on-the-road EVs, HEVs, and PHEVs. Detailed design, packaging, and operational assessments are presented on power electronic converters (such as inverters, buck converters, and bi-directional boost converters), electric motors (such as the primary drive motor and generator), and other associated components. Packaging assessments reveal mass, volume, and material compositions, and empirical evaluations provide efficiency, performance, and operational data throughout the entire operation range of each component. C1 [Burress, Tim; Campbell, Steven] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Power Elect & Elect Machinery Grp, Knoxville, TN 37932 USA. RP Burress, T (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Power Elect & Elect Machinery Grp, 2360 Cherahala Blvd, Knoxville, TN 37932 USA. EM burressta@ornl.gov; campbellsc@ornl.gov NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4799-0148-7; 978-1-4799-0146-3 PY 2013 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Transportation Science & Technology SC Engineering; Transportation GA BA0OW UT WOS:000332037600059 ER PT B AU Ning, PQ Onar, O Miller, J AF Ning, Puqi Onar, Omer Miller, John GP IEEE TI Genetic Algorithm Based Coil System Optimization for Wireless Power Charging of Electric Vehicles SO 2013 IEEE TRANSPORTATION ELECTRIFICATION CONFERENCE AND EXPO (ITEC) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Transportation Electrification Conference and Expo (ITEC) CY JUN 16-19, 2013 CL Dearborn, MI SP IEEE, IEEE Power Elect Soc, IEEE Ind Applicat Soc, IEEE Power & Energy Soc, U S Dept Energy, Oak Ridge Natl Lab AB High efficiency and low cost coil system design is one of the key points for wireless power transfer. In this paper, along with a design example and experimental verification, a novel optimization method with generic algorithm is presented. The coil track layouts are interpreted with binary strings in the design iterations. Some practical considerations and detailed implementations are introduced in the optimization procedure. C1 [Ning, Puqi; Onar, Omer; Miller, John] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Power Elect & Eletr Machinery Grp, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Ning, PQ (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Power Elect & Eletr Machinery Grp, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM ningp@ornl.gov NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4799-0148-7; 978-1-4799-0146-3 PY 2013 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Transportation Science & Technology SC Engineering; Transportation GA BA0OW UT WOS:000332037600070 ER PT B AU Onar, OC Miller, JM Campbell, SL Coomer, C White, CP Seiber, LE AF Onar, Omer C. Miller, John M. Campbell, Steven L. Coomer, Chester White, Cliff. P. Seiber, Larry E. GP IEEE TI Oak Ridge National Laboratory Wireless Power Transfer Development for Sustainable Campus Initiative SO 2013 IEEE TRANSPORTATION ELECTRIFICATION CONFERENCE AND EXPO (ITEC) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Transportation Electrification Conference and Expo (ITEC) CY JUN 16-19, 2013 CL Dearborn, MI SP IEEE, IEEE Power Elect Soc, IEEE Ind Applicat Soc, IEEE Power & Energy Soc, U S Dept Energy, Oak Ridge Natl Lab ID FREQUENCY AB Wireless power transfer (WPT) is a convenient, safe, and autonomous means for electric and plug-in hybrid electric vehicle charging that has seen rapid growth in recent years for stationary applications. WPT does not require bulky contacts, plugs, and wires, is not affected by dirt or weather conditions, and is as efficient as conventional charging systems. This study summarizes some of the recent Sustainable Campus Initiative activities of Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) in WPT charging of an on-campus vehicle (a Toyota Prius plug-in hybrid electric vehicle). Laboratory development of the WPT coils, high-frequency power inverter, and overall systems integration are discussed. Results cover the coil performance testing at different operating frequencies, airgaps, and misalignments. Some of the experimental results of insertion loss due to roadway surfacing materials in the air-gap are presented. Experimental lessons learned are also covered in this study. C1 [Onar, Omer C.; Miller, John M.; Campbell, Steven L.; Coomer, Chester; White, Cliff. P.; Seiber, Larry E.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Power Elect & Elect Machinery Grp, Energy & Transportat Sci Div, Natl Transportat Res Ctr, Knoxville, TN 37932 USA. RP Onar, OC (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Power Elect & Elect Machinery Grp, Energy & Transportat Sci Div, Natl Transportat Res Ctr, Knoxville, TN 37932 USA. EM onaroc@ornl.gov; millerjm@ornl.gov; campbellsl@ornl.gov; coomercl@ornl.gov; whitecp@ornl.gov; seiberle@ornl.gov NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 8 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4799-0148-7; 978-1-4799-0146-3 PY 2013 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Transportation Science & Technology SC Engineering; Transportation GA BA0OW UT WOS:000332037600067 ER PT B AU Su, GJ Ning, PQ AF Su, Gui-Jia Ning, Puqi GP IEEE TI Loss Modeling and Comparison of VSI and RB-IGBT based CSI in Traction Drive Applications SO 2013 IEEE TRANSPORTATION ELECTRIFICATION CONFERENCE AND EXPO (ITEC) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Transportation Electrification Conference and Expo (ITEC) CY JUN 16-19, 2013 CL Dearborn, MI SP IEEE, IEEE Power Elect Soc, IEEE Ind Applicat Soc, IEEE Power & Energy Soc, U S Dept Energy, Oak Ridge Natl Lab AB This paper presents a study of loss modeling and comparison of a voltage source inverter (VSI) with a boost/buck converter and a current source inverter (CSI) with a V-I converter for electric vehicle (EV) traction drive applications. A comparison of the inverter losses for controlling an interior permanent magnet motor in an EV under two US EPA driving schedules is carried out. The results indicate the CSI using the currently available reverse-blocking (RB) IGBTs has lower losses for most of the vehicle operating points over the aggressive driving schedule, resulting in a reduction of 18.8 % in the accumulated energy loss at the end of the test cycle, while for the other less aggressive schedule a moderate reduction of 7.3 % is achieved. C1 [Su, Gui-Jia; Ning, Puqi] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Natl Transportat Res Ctr, Knoxville, TN USA. RP Su, GJ (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Natl Transportat Res Ctr, Knoxville, TN USA. EM sugj@ornl.gov NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4799-0148-7; 978-1-4799-0146-3 PY 2013 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Transportation Science & Technology SC Engineering; Transportation GA BA0OW UT WOS:000332037600076 ER PT J AU Cree, JV Delgado-Frias, J AF Cree, Johnathan Vee Delgado-Frias, Jose GP IEEE TI Management of Large-Scale Wireless Sensor Networks Utilizing Multi-Parent Recursive Area Hierarchies SO 2013 INTERNATIONAL GREEN COMPUTING CONFERENCE (IGCC) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Green Computing Conference (IGCC) CY JUN 27-29, 2013 CL Washington State Univ, Arlington, VA SP Univ Texas Arlington HO Washington State Univ AB Autonomously configuring and self-healing a large-scale wireless sensor network requires a light-weight maintenance protocol that is scalable. Further, in a battery powered wireless sensor network duty-cycling a node's radio can reduce the power consumption of a device and extend the lifetime of a network. With duty-cycled nodes the power consumption of a node's radio depends on the amount of communication it must perform and by reducing the communication the power consumption can also be reduced. Multi-parent hierarchies can be used to reduce the communication cost when constructing a recursive area clustering hierarchy when compared to single-parent solutions that utilize inefficient communication methods such as flooding and information propagation via single-hop broadcasts. The multi-parent hierarchies remain scalable and provide a level of redundancy for the hierarchy. C1 [Cree, Johnathan Vee] Pacific NW Natl Lab, 902 Battelle Blvd, Richland, WA 99354 USA. [Delgado-Frias, Jose] Washington State Univ, Sch Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Cree, JV (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, 902 Battelle Blvd, Richland, WA 99354 USA. EM Johnathan.Cree@pnnl.gov NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4799-0623-9 PY 2013 PG 6 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BA1YK UT WOS:000333160300010 ER PT J AU Laros, JH Pokorny, P DeBonis, D AF Laros, James H., III Pokorny, Phil DeBonis, David GP IEEE TI PowerInsight - A Commodity Power Measurement Capability SO 2013 INTERNATIONAL GREEN COMPUTING CONFERENCE (IGCC) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Green Computing Conference (IGCC) CY JUN 27-29, 2013 CL Washington State Univ, Arlington, VA SP Univ Texas Arlington HO Washington State Univ DE Power and Energy Measurement; High Performance Computing; Application Energy Profiling AB The challenge of balancing between power and performance is now well established. While research in this area is well underway, the ability to measure power and energy in situ has remained an obstacle. This problem is magnified in the field of High Performance Computing (HPC). To meet this challenge, a device called PowerInsight has been designed to accomplish component level power and energy instrumentation of commodity hardware. PowerInsight was designed by Penguin Computing, in close cooperation with Sandia National Laboratories, to further power and energy research in HPC and other areas. This paper documents the design and development of PowerInsight, hardware and software. Validation of the functionality of PowerInsight was done during design and development as well as experimentally after integrating the first PowerInsight devices into a commodity cluster. This paper only begins to show the wide range of impact this level of power and energy instrumentation can have on a range of architectural and application research and analysis topics.(1) C1 [Laros, James H., III; DeBonis, David] Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Pokorny, Phil] Penguin Comp, Fremont, CA USA. RP Laros, JH (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM jhlaros@sandia.gov; ppokorny@penguincomputing.com; ddeboni@sandia.gov NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4799-0623-9 PY 2013 PG 6 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BA1YK UT WOS:000333160300022 ER PT J AU Nordman, B Christensen, K AF Nordman, Bruce Christensen, Ken GP IEEE TI Local Power Distribution with Nanogrids SO 2013 INTERNATIONAL GREEN COMPUTING CONFERENCE (IGCC) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Green Computing Conference (IGCC) CY JUN 27-29, 2013 CL Washington State Univ, Arlington, VA SP Univ Texas Arlington HO Washington State Univ DE Matching energy supply and demand; local power distribution; nanogrids AB Matching electricity demand to supply will be a growing challenge in the future. We argue for the need for further research into local power distribution with a focus on "nanogrids". We define a nanogrid as a small electricity domain with distinct voltage, price, reliability, quality, and administration. We seek to improve upon existing nanogrids (such as USB and PoE) by the addition of electricity price information to enable power distribution to be managed in a distributed bottom-up and fair manner to optimally match demand to supply, and to more easily and efficiently integrate local generation and storage. This approach, modeled on Internet principles, offers the possibility of moving to a less reliable utility grid, providing quality and reliability at the edge, and saving capital and energy. We illustrate the operation of a simple nanogrid driven by rules governing controller and load behavior in response to varying electricity availability from a renewable source. C1 [Nordman, Bruce] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Environm Energy Technol Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Christensen, Ken] Univ S Florida, Dept Comp Sci & Engn, Tampa, FL 33620 USA. RP Nordman, B (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Environm Energy Technol Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM BNordman@LBL.gov; christen@csee.usf.edu NR 26 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4799-0623-9 PY 2013 PG 8 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BA1YK UT WOS:000333160300001 ER PT J AU Pakin, S Lang, M AF Pakin, Scott Lang, Michael GP IEEE TI Energy Modeling of Supercomputers and Large-Scale Scientific Applications SO 2013 INTERNATIONAL GREEN COMPUTING CONFERENCE (IGCC) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Green Computing Conference (IGCC) CY JUN 27-29, 2013 CL Washington State Univ, Arlington, VA SP Univ Texas Arlington HO Washington State Univ AB We derive models of time, power, and energy as a function of frequency and demonstrate that these models accurately reflect measurements of large, parallel, scientific applications. We then apply these models to explain how sensitive the various applications are to CPU frequency; to analyze the compute-boundedness (frequency sensitivity) of complete, production workloads running on three of the world's fastest supercomputers; to predict how changes in system power properties will impact applications; and to determine what CPU frequencies offer the best energy, EDP, and (EDP)-P-2 savings. C1 [Pakin, Scott] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Comp Computat & Stat Sci Div, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Lang, Michael] Los Alamos Natl Lab, High Performance Comp Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Pakin, S (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Comp Computat & Stat Sci Div, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM pakin@lanl.gov; mlang@lanl.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC52-06NA25396]; Los Alamos National Security, LLC FX The authors wish to thank Curt Storlie for calculating Roadrunner, Cielo, and Lunas idle power using formal statistical techniques. This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energys National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE-AC52-06NA25396 with Los Alamos National Security, LLC. NR 23 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4799-0623-9 PY 2013 PG 6 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BA1YK UT WOS:000333160300031 ER PT S AU Abdusamad, KB Gao, DW Muljadi, E AF Abdusamad, Khaled B. Gao, David Wenzhong Muljadi, Eduard GP IEEE TI A Condition Monitoring System for Wind Turbine Generator Temperature by Applying Multiple Linear Regression Model SO 2013 NORTH AMERICAN POWER SYMPOSIUM (NAPS) SE North American Power Symposium LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 45th North American Power Symposium (NAPS) CY SEP 22-24, 2013 CL Kansas State Univ, Manhattan, KS SP IEEE, Omaha Publ Power Dist, IEEE Power & Energy Soc, NSF, Schweitzer Engn Labs, Westar Energy, KCP&L, Burns & McDonnell, Sega HO Kansas State Univ AB The development and implementation of condition monitoring system become very important for wind industry with the increasing number of failures in wind turbine generators due to over temperature especially in offshore wind turbines where higher maintenance costs than onshore wind farms have to be paid due to their farthest locations. Monitoring the wind generators temperatures is significant and plays a remarkable role in an effective condition monitoring system. Moreover, they can be easily measured and recorded automatically by the Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) which gives more clarification about their behavior trend. An unexpected increase in component temperature may indicate overload, poor lubrication, or possibly ineffective passive or active cooling. Many techniques are used to reliably predict generator's temperatures to avoid occurrence of failures in wind turbine generators. Multiple Linear Regression Model (MLRM) is a model that can be used to construct the normal operating model for the wind turbine generator temperature and then at each time step the model is used to predict the generator temperature by measuring the correlation between the observed values and the predicted values of criterion variables. Then standard errors of the estimate can be found. The standard error of the estimate indicates how close the actual observations fall to the predicted values on the regression line. In this paper, a new condition-monitoring method based on applying Multiple Linear Regression Model for a wind turbine generator is proposed. The technique is used to construct the normal behavior model of an electrical generator temperatures based on the historical generator temperatures data. Case study built on a data collected from actual measurements demonstrates the adequacy of the proposed model. C1 [Abdusamad, Khaled B.; Gao, David Wenzhong] Univ Denver, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Denver, CO 80208 USA. [Muljadi, Eduard] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Abdusamad, KB (reprint author), Univ Denver, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Denver, CO 80208 USA. EM khaledabdusamad@yahoo.co.uk; Wenzhong.Gao@du.edu; eduard.muljadi@nrel.gov FU NSF [0844707]; U.S. Department of Energy with NREL [DE-AC36-08-GO28308] FX This work was supported in part by NSF Grant 0844707 and in part by the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC36-08-GO28308 with NREL. NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2163-4939 BN 978-1-4799-1255-1 J9 NORTH AMER POW SYMP PY 2013 PG 8 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA BA1QR UT WOS:000332902200086 ER PT S AU Panwar, M Lundstrom, B Langston, J Suryanarayanan, S Chakraborty, S AF Panwar, Mayank Lundstrom, Blake Langston, James Suryanarayanan, Siddharth Chakraborty, Sudipta GP IEEE TI An Overview of Real Time Hardware-in-the-Loop Capabilities in Digital Simulation for Electric Microgrids SO 2013 NORTH AMERICAN POWER SYMPOSIUM (NAPS) SE North American Power Symposium LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 45th North American Power Symposium (NAPS) CY SEP 22-24, 2013 CL Kansas State Univ, Manhattan, KS SP IEEE, Omaha Publ Power Dist, IEEE Power & Energy Soc, NSF, Schweitzer Engn Labs, Westar Energy, KCP&L, Burns & McDonnell, Sega HO Kansas State Univ ID SYSTEM AB This paper explores and presents the capabilities of real time hardware-in-the-loop (RT-HIL) digital simulation for electric microgrids. RT-HIL is used by academia and industry for the simulation and testing of power systems at both the component and system levels. A literature survey is presented to identify existing real time simulation systems and some relevant applications. Simulations using RT-HIL involve modeling the interface between the components and systems in greater detail for increased understanding of interface issues. This is aimed at de-risking and hastening the penetration of new technologies such as microgrids. C1 [Panwar, Mayank; Suryanarayanan, Siddharth] Colorado State Univ, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Lundstrom, Blake; Chakraborty, Sudipta] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO USA. [Langston, James] Florida State Univ, Ctr Adv Power Syst, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. RP Panwar, M (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. EM mayank@rams.colostate.edu RI Suryanarayanan, Siddharth/C-5168-2009 OI Suryanarayanan, Siddharth/0000-0002-9509-6927 FU U.S. Department of Energy [DOE-AC36-08-GO28308]; National Renewable Energy Laboratory; Colorado State University; Alliance for Sustainable Energy, LLC. FX This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DOE-AC36-08-GO28308 with the National Renewable Energy Laboratory. This work was supported in part by an Alliance Partner University Program Grant between Colorado State University and the Alliance for Sustainable Energy, LLC. NR 51 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2163-4939 BN 978-1-4799-1255-1 J9 NORTH AMER POW SYMP PY 2013 PG 6 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA BA1QR UT WOS:000332902200038 ER PT S AU Top, P Breneman, J AF Top, Philip Breneman, John GP IEEE TI Compressing Phasor Measurement Data SO 2013 NORTH AMERICAN POWER SYMPOSIUM (NAPS) SE North American Power Symposium LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 45th North American Power Symposium (NAPS) CY SEP 22-24, 2013 CL Kansas State Univ, Manhattan, KS SP IEEE, Omaha Publ Power Dist, IEEE Power & Energy Soc, NSF, Schweitzer Engn Labs, Westar Energy, KCP&L, Burns & McDonnell, Sega HO Kansas State Univ DE PMU; compression; szip; synchrophasors AB Phasor Measurement units (PMU's) are becoming standard equipment in electrical grids around the world. They are capable of generating a significant amount of data on a continuous basis from distribution and transmission networks. Several months of data from 2 PMU's situated on a distribution network were captured in raw format. This data was separated by measurement type and compressed using a number of standard compression algorithms. The results show the compressibility of PMU data for these algorithms and are used to estimate the space requirements for storing a day of data from a single PMU. C1 [Top, Philip; Breneman, John] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Dept Engn, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Top, P (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Dept Engn, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2163-4939 BN 978-1-4799-1255-1 J9 NORTH AMER POW SYMP PY 2013 PG 4 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA BA1QR UT WOS:000332902200133 ER PT S AU Top, P Hussain, I Clower, M Barnard, R Luong, N AF Top, Philip Hussain, Israr Clower, Matthew Barnard, Robert Luong, Norman GP IEEE TI Automated Low Frequency Load Cutoff SO 2013 NORTH AMERICAN POWER SYMPOSIUM (NAPS) SE North American Power Symposium LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 45th North American Power Symposium (NAPS) CY SEP 22-24, 2013 CL Kansas State Univ, Manhattan, KS SP IEEE, Omaha Publ Power Dist, IEEE Power & Energy Soc, NSF, Schweitzer Engn Labs, Westar Energy, KCP&L, Burns & McDonnell, Sega HO Kansas State Univ AB The power grid is changing, new types of generation are increasingly coming on line at both the commercial and consumer scale. As technology improves, energy harvesting, by various means, will force the grid to adapt. Traditional means of control and management may become strained or inadequate for the future grid. The grid is also becoming smarter with increasing interaction between utilities and consumers, and as it becomes more interconnected and interactive, new threats from these interconnections arise. The drive to reduce costs and make the grid more efficient will inevitably push the operation of the grid closer to the safe limits making it increasingly likely small triggers will cause wide scale problems. One potential solution is making the system controls layered with a series of different control mechanisms including both automated and centralized systems. This article explores and demonstrates the development and potential impact of one such consumer level control mechanism. Specifically, we developed a prototype system by which non-essential, non-time critical "dumb" loads can be made to respond to detected events observable in the system frequency, and thereby assist in the recovery from larger events. This system responds in a totally automated fashion without communications or control signals, and thus provide a measure of immunity from communications problems and could replace a small amount of reserves that would otherwise be required. We examine here the construction, operation and potential benefits of such a device. C1 [Top, Philip] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Hussain, Israr; Clower, Matthew; Barnard, Robert; Luong, Norman] Univ Calif Merced, Merced, CA USA. RP Top, P (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM phlptp@ieee.org FU U.S. Department of Energy, National Nuclear Security Administration [DEAC52-07NA27344]; [LLNL-CONF-638804] FX Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory is operated by Lawrence Livermore National Security, LLC, for the U.S. Department of Energy, National Nuclear Security Administration under Contract DEAC52-07NA27344; LLNL-CONF-638804 NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2163-4939 BN 978-1-4799-1255-1 J9 NORTH AMER POW SYMP PY 2013 PG 6 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA BA1QR UT WOS:000332902200132 ER PT S AU West, M Baldwin, T AF West, Michael Baldwin, Thomas GP IEEE TI Energy Storage and SuperGrid Integration SO 2013 NORTH AMERICAN POWER SYMPOSIUM (NAPS) SE North American Power Symposium LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 45th North American Power Symposium (NAPS) CY SEP 22-24, 2013 CL Kansas State Univ, Manhattan, KS SP IEEE, Omaha Publ Power Dist, IEEE Power & Energy Soc, NSF, Schweitzer Engn Labs, Westar Energy, KCP&L, Burns & McDonnell, Sega HO Kansas State Univ AB Load following of thermal power plants becomes exceedingly difficult as dependence upon variable power generation increases. Energy storage systems (ESS) can manipulate this unpredictable generation and provide controllable power from an otherwise uncontrollable source. Modeling the interaction between these technologies and the utility grid is fundamental for understanding performance and optimizing functionality. MATLAB is used to simulate these ESS behaviors. Historic data of generation and demand taken from ISO New England and IESO Ontario is used. The model treats the ESS as a series of equations to manipulate data and demonstrate ideal ESS behaviors over given daily, monthly, and seasonal time periods. ESS placed on the generation side of the transmission system is used to stabilize variable power production and maximizing the use of transmission line capacities. ESS on the load side of the utility system is used to match demand. Results show that, using this technology, dependence upon variable generation can be increased while maintaining power balance. Effective selection of ESS size can result in greater dependence upon clean energy, reduce transmission system capacity, and decrease power production costs. C1 [West, Michael] Univ Idaho, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. [Baldwin, Thomas] Idaho Natl Lab, Biofuel & Renewable Energies, Idaho Falls, ID USA. RP West, M (reprint author), Univ Idaho, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. EM west3423@vandals.uidaho.edu; Thomas.Baldwin@inl.gov FU Department of Energy's (DOE) Science Undergraduate Laboratory Internship (SULI); Idaho National Laboratory FX Special thanks to ISO New England and IESO Ontario for providing generation and demand profiles used in this study. Special thanks to Dr. Thomas Baldwin for his mentoring and direction and to David Kelle for peer review. Research was funded by the Department of Energys (DOE) Science Undergraduate Laboratory Internship (SULI) and the Idaho National Laboratory. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2163-4939 BN 978-1-4799-1255-1 J9 NORTH AMER POW SYMP PY 2013 PG 6 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA BA1QR UT WOS:000332902200068 ER PT S AU Teodoro, G Pan, T Kurc, TM Kong, J Cooper, LAD Podhorszki, N Klasky, S Saltz, JH AF Teodoro, George Pan, Tony Kurc, Tahsin M. Kong, Jun Cooper, Lee A. D. Podhorszki, Norbert Klasky, Scott Saltz, Joel H. GP IEEE Comp Soc TI High-throughput Analysis of Large Microscopy Image Datasets on CPU-GPU Cluster Platforms SO IEEE 27TH INTERNATIONAL PARALLEL AND DISTRIBUTED PROCESSING SYMPOSIUM (IPDPS 2013) SE International Parallel and Distributed Processing Symposium IPDPS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE 27th International Parallel and Distributed Processing Symposium (IPDPS) CY MAY 20-24, 2013 CL Boston, MA SP IEEE, IEEE Comp Soc DE Image Segmentation Pipelines; GPGPU; CPU-GPU platforms ID OPTIMIZATION; SYSTEM AB Analysis of large pathology image datasets offers significant opportunities for the investigation of disease morphology, but the resource requirements of analysis pipelines limit the scale of such studies. Motivated by a brain cancer study, we propose and evaluate a parallel image analysis application pipeline for high throughput computation of large datasets of high resolution pathology tissue images on distributed CPU-GPU platforms. To achieve efficient execution on these hybrid systems, we have built runtime support that allows us to express the cancer image analysis application as a hierarchical data processing pipeline. The application is implemented as a coarse-grain pipeline of stages, where each stage may be further partitioned into another pipeline of fine-grain operations. The fine-grain operations are efficiently managed and scheduled for computation on CPUs and GPUs using performance aware scheduling techniques along with several optimizations, including architecture aware process placement, data locality conscious task assignment, data prefetching, and asynchronous data copy. These optimizations are employed to maximize the utilization of the aggregate computing power of CPUs and GPUs and minimize data copy overheads. Our experimental evaluation shows that the cooperative use of CPUs and GPUs achieves significant improvements on top of GPU-only versions (up to 1.6x) and that the execution of the application as a set of fine-grain operations provides more opportunities for runtime optimizations and attains better performance than coarser-grain, monolithic implementations used in other works. An implementation of the cancer image analysis pipeline using the runtime support was able to process an image dataset consisting of 36,848 4Kx4K-pixel image tiles (about 1.8TB uncompressed) in less than 4 minutes (150 tiles/second) on 100 nodes of a state-of-the-art hybrid cluster system. C1 [Teodoro, George; Pan, Tony; Kurc, Tahsin M.; Kong, Jun; Cooper, Lee A. D.; Saltz, Joel H.] Emory Univ, Ctr Comprehens Informat, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Podhorszki, Norbert; Klasky, Scott] Sci Data Grp, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. RP Teodoro, G (reprint author), Emory Univ, Ctr Comprehens Informat, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. FU National Cancer Institute [HHSN261200800001E]; National Heart Lung and Blood Institute [R24HL085343]; National Library of Medicine [R01LM011119-01, R01LM009239]; National Institutes of Health [RC4MD005964]; Clinical and Translational Science Awards program [PHS UL1RR025008]; National Science Foundation [OCI-0910735] FX This work was supported in part by HHSN261200800001E from the National Cancer Institute,R24HL085343 from the National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, by R01LM011119-01 and R01LM009239 from the National Library of Medicine, RC4MD005964 from National Institutes of Health, and PHS UL1RR025008 from the Clinical and Translational Science Awards program. This research used resources of the Keeneland Computing Facility at the Georgia Institute of Technology, which is supported by the National Science Foundation under Contract OCI-0910735. NR 39 TC 7 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1264 USA SN 1530-2075 BN 978-0-7695-4971-2 J9 INT PARALL DISTRIB P PY 2013 BP 103 EP 114 DI 10.1109/IPDPS.2013.11 PG 12 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BA1PT UT WOS:000332828000010 ER PT S AU Buluc, A Duriakova, E Fox, A Gilbert, JR Kamil, S Lugowski, A Oliker, L Williams, S AF Buluc, Aydin Duriakova, Erika Fox, Armando Gilbert, John R. Kamil, Shoaib Lugowski, Adam Oliker, Leonid Williams, Samuel GP IEEE Comp Soc TI High-Productivity and High-Performance Analysis of Filtered Semantic Graphs SO IEEE 27TH INTERNATIONAL PARALLEL AND DISTRIBUTED PROCESSING SYMPOSIUM (IPDPS 2013) SE International Parallel and Distributed Processing Symposium IPDPS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE 27th International Parallel and Distributed Processing Symposium (IPDPS) CY MAY 20-24, 2013 CL Boston, MA SP IEEE, IEEE Comp Soc ID IMPLEMENTATION; DESIGN AB High performance is a crucial consideration when executing a complex analytic query on a massive semantic graph. In a semantic graph, vertices and edges carry attributes of various types. Analytic queries on semantic graphs typically depend on the values of these attributes; thus, the computation must view the graph through a filter that passes only those individual vertices and edges of interest. Knowledge Discovery Toolbox (KDT), a Python library for parallel graph computations, is customizable in two ways. First, the user can write custom graph algorithms by specifying operations between edges and vertices. These programmer-specified operations are called semiring operations due to KDT's underlying linear-algebraic abstractions. Second, the user can customize existing graph algorithms by writing filters that return true for those vertices and edges the user wants to retain during algorithm execution. For high productivity, both semiring operations and filters are written in a high-level language, resulting in relatively low performance due to the bottleneck of having to call into the Python virtual machine for each vertex and edge. In this work, we use the Selective Embedded JIT Specialization (SEJITS) approach to automatically translate semiring operations and filters defined by programmers into a lower-level efficiency language, bypassing the upcall into Python. We evaluate our approach by comparing it with the high-performance Combinatorial BLAS engine, and show our approach enables users to write in high-level languages and still obtain the high performance of low-level code. We also present a new roofline model for graph traversals, and show that our high-performance implementations do not significantly deviate from the roofline. Overall, we demonstrate the first known solution to the problem of obtaining high performance from a productivity language when applying graph algorithms selectively on semantic graphs. C1 [Buluc, Aydin; Oliker, Leonid; Williams, Samuel] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, CRD, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Duriakova, Erika] Univ Dublin Coll, Sch Comp Sci & Informat, Dublin 2, Ireland. [Gilbert, John R.; Lugowski, Adam] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Comp Sci, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. [Kamil, Shoaib] Univ Calif Berkeley, EECS Dept, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Kamil, Shoaib] MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. RP Buluc, A (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, CRD, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM abuluc@lbl.gov; skamil@mit.edu; alugowski@cs.ucsb.edu FU DOE Office of Science [DE-AC02-05-CH-11231]; DOE Office of Advanced Scientific Computing Research [DE-AC02-05-CH-11231]; NSF [CNS-0709385]; Intel Corp.; Center for Scientific Computing at UCSB under NSF [CNS-0960316] FX This work was supported in part by National Science Foundation grant CNS-0709385. Portions of this work were performed at the UC Berkeley Parallel Computing Laboratory (Par Lab), supported by DARPA (contract #FA8750-10-1- 0191) and by the UPCRC awards from Microsoft Corp. (Award #024263) and Intel Corp. (Award #024894), with matching funds from the UC Discovery Grant (#DIG07- 10227) and additional support from Par Lab affiliates National Instruments, NEC, Nokia, NVIDIA, Oracle, and Samsung. This research used resources of the National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center, which is supported by DOE Office of Science under Contract No. DE-AC02-05-CH-11231. Authors from Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory were supported by the DOE Office of Advanced Scientific Computing Research under contract number DE-AC02-05-CH-11231.The authors from UC Santa Barbara were supported in part by NSF grant CNS-0709385 by a contract from Intel Corp., by a gift from Microsoft Corp. and by the Center for Scientific Computing at UCSB under NSF Grant CNS-0960316. NR 28 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1264 USA SN 1530-2075 BN 978-0-7695-4971-2 J9 INT PARALL DISTRIB P PY 2013 BP 237 EP 248 DI 10.1109/IPDPS.2013.52 PG 12 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BA1PT UT WOS:000332828000021 ER PT S AU Kurzak, J Luszczek, P Gates, M Yamazaki, I Dongarra, J AF Kurzak, Jakub Luszczek, Piotr Gates, Mark Yamazaki, Ichitaro Dongarra, Jack GP IEEE Comp Soc TI Virtual Systolic Array for QR Decomposition SO IEEE 27TH INTERNATIONAL PARALLEL AND DISTRIBUTED PROCESSING SYMPOSIUM (IPDPS 2013) SE International Parallel and Distributed Processing Symposium IPDPS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE 27th International Parallel and Distributed Processing Symposium (IPDPS) CY MAY 20-24, 2013 CL Boston, MA SP IEEE, IEEE Comp Soc DE systolic array; QR decomposition; multi-core; message passing; dataflow programming; roofline model ID ARCHITECTURES; FACTORIZATION AB Systolic arrays offer a very attractive, data-centric, execution model as an alternative to the von Neumann architecture. Hardware implementations of systolic arrays turned out not to be viable solutions in the past. This article shows how the systolic design principles can be applied to a software solution to deliver an algorithm with unprecedented strong scaling capabilities. Systolic array for the QR decomposition is developed and a virtualization layer is used for mapping of the algorithm to a large distributed memory system. Strong scaling properties are discovered, superior to existing solutions. C1 [Kurzak, Jakub; Luszczek, Piotr; Gates, Mark; Yamazaki, Ichitaro] Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Dongarra, Jack] Univ Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England. [Dongarra, Jack] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Dongarra, Jack] Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RP Kurzak, J (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM kurzak@eecs.utk.edu; luszczek@eecs.utk.edu; mgates3@eecs.utk.edu; iyamazak@eecs.utk.edu; dongarra@eecs.utk.edu FU National Science Foundation (NSF) [SHF-1117062] FX This work is supported by grant #SHF-1117062: Parallel Unified Linear algebra with Systolic ARrays (PULSAR) from the National Science Foundation (NSF). NR 24 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1264 USA SN 1530-2075 BN 978-0-7695-4971-2 J9 INT PARALL DISTRIB P PY 2013 BP 251 EP 260 DI 10.1109/IPDPS.2013.119 PG 10 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BA1PT UT WOS:000332828000022 ER PT S AU Yu, YG Wu, JJ Lan, ZL Rudd, DH Gnedin, NY Kravtsov, A AF Yu, Yongen Wu, Jingjin Lan, Zhiling Rudd, Douglas H. Gnedin, Nickolay Y. Kravtsov, Andrey GP IEEE Comp Soc TI A Transparent Collective I/O Implementation SO IEEE 27TH INTERNATIONAL PARALLEL AND DISTRIBUTED PROCESSING SYMPOSIUM (IPDPS 2013) SE International Parallel and Distributed Processing Symposium IPDPS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE 27th International Parallel and Distributed Processing Symposium (IPDPS) CY MAY 20-24, 2013 CL Boston, MA SP IEEE, IEEE Comp Soc DE component; Transparent Collective I/O; Collective I/O; Parallel I/O; MPI; One-sided communication; I/O intensive applications; HPC AB I/O performance is vital for most HPC applications especially those that generate a vast amount of data with the growth of scale. Many studies have shown that scientific applications tend to issue small and noncontiguous accesses in an interleaving fashion, causing different processes to access overlapping regions. In such scenario, collective I/O is a widely used optimization technique. However, the use of collective I/O deployed in existing MPI implementations is not trivial and sometimes even impossible. Collective I/O is an optimization based on a single collective I/O access. If the data reside in different places (e. g. in different arrays), the application has to maintain a buffer to first combine these data and then perform I/O operations on the buffer rather than the original data pieces. The process is very tedious for application developers. Besides, collective I/O requires the creating of a file view to describe the noncontiguous access patterns and additional coding is needed. Moreover, for the applications with complex data access using dynamic data sizes, it is hard or even impossible to use the file view mechanism to describe the access pattern through derived data types. In this study, we develop a user-level library called transparent collective I/O (TCIO) for application developers to easily incorporate collective I/O optimization into their applications. Preliminary experiments by means of a synthetic benchmark and a real cosmology application demonstrate that the library can significantly reduce the programming efforts required for application developers. Moreover, TCIO delivers better performance at large scales as compared to the existing collective functionality provided by MPI-IO. C1 [Yu, Yongen; Wu, Jingjin; Lan, Zhiling] IIT, Dept Comp Sci, Chicago, IL 60616 USA. [Rudd, Douglas H.] Univ Chicago, Res Comp Ctr, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Gnedin, Nickolay Y.] Theoret Astrophys Grp, Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL USA. [Kravtsov, Andrey] Univ Chicago, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. RP Yu, YG (reprint author), IIT, Dept Comp Sci, Chicago, IL 60616 USA. EM yyu22@iit.edu; jwu45@iit.edu; lan@iit.edu; drudd@uchicago.edu; gnedin@fnal.gov; andrey@oddjob.uchicago.edu FU National Science Foundation [OCI-0904670, OCI-1053575] FX This work is supported in part by National Science Foundation grants OCI-0904670. This work used the Extreme Science and Engineering Discovery Environment (XSEDE), which is supported by National Science Foundation grant number OCI-1053575 NR 20 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1264 USA SN 1530-2075 BN 978-0-7695-4971-2 J9 INT PARALL DISTRIB P PY 2013 BP 297 EP 307 DI 10.1109/IPDPS.2013.36 PG 11 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BA1PT UT WOS:000332828000026 ER PT S AU Sigovan, C Muelder, C Ma, KL Cope, J Iskra, K Ross, R AF Sigovan, Carmen Muelder, Chris Ma, Kwan-Liu Cope, Jason Iskra, Kamil Ross, Robert GP IEEE Comp Soc TI A Visual Network Analysis Method for Large-Scale Parallel I/O Systems SO IEEE 27TH INTERNATIONAL PARALLEL AND DISTRIBUTED PROCESSING SYMPOSIUM (IPDPS 2013) SE International Parallel and Distributed Processing Symposium IPDPS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE 27th International Parallel and Distributed Processing Symposium (IPDPS) CY MAY 20-24, 2013 CL Boston, MA SP IEEE, IEEE Comp Soc ID AUTOMATIC PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS; EVENT TRACES; VISUALIZATION AB Parallel applications rely on I/O to load data, store end results, and protect partial results from being lost to system failure. Parallel I/O performance thus has a direct and significant impact on application performance. Because supercomputer I/O systems are large and complex, one cannot directly analyze their activity traces. While several visual or automated analysis tools for large-scale HPC log data exist, analysis research in the high-performance computing field is geared toward computation performance rather than I/O performance. Additionally, existing methods usually do not capture the network characteristics of HPC I/O systems. We present a visual analysis method for I/O trace data that takes into account the fact that HPC I/O systems can be represented as networks. We illustrate performance metrics in a way that facilitates the identification of abnormal behavior or performance problems. We demonstrate our approach on I/O traces collected from existing systems at different scales. C1 [Sigovan, Carmen; Muelder, Chris; Ma, Kwan-Liu] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Cope, Jason; Iskra, Kamil; Ross, Robert] Argonne Natl Lab, Math & Comp Sci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Sigovan, C (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM cmsigovan@ucdavis.edu; cwmuelder@ucdavis.edu; klma@ucdavis.edu; copej@mcs.anl.gov; iskra@mcs.anl.gov; rross@mcs.anl.gov FU National Science Foundation [CCF-0937928, CCF-0938114]; Office of Advanced Scientific Computer Research, Office of Science, U.S. Dept. of Energy [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX This work was supported by the National Science Foundation through CCF-0937928 and CCF-0938114 and by the Office of Advanced Scientific Computer Research, Office of Science, U.S. Dept. of Energy, under Contract DE-AC02-06CH11357. Computing time on Intrepid was provided by a U.S. Department of Energy INCITE award and an ALCF Directors Discretionary Allocation. NR 38 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1264 USA SN 1530-2075 BN 978-0-7695-4971-2 J9 INT PARALL DISTRIB P PY 2013 BP 308 EP 319 DI 10.1109/IPDPS.2013.96 PG 12 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BA1PT UT WOS:000332828000027 ER PT S AU Yin, Y Li, J He, J Sun, XH Thakur, R AF Yin, Yanlong Li, Jibing He, Jun Sun, Xian-He Thakur, Rajeev GP IEEE Comp Soc TI Pattern-Direct and Layout-Aware Replication Scheme for Parallel I/O Systems SO IEEE 27TH INTERNATIONAL PARALLEL AND DISTRIBUTED PROCESSING SYMPOSIUM (IPDPS 2013) SE International Parallel and Distributed Processing Symposium IPDPS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE 27th International Parallel and Distributed Processing Symposium (IPDPS) CY MAY 20-24, 2013 CL Boston, MA SP IEEE, IEEE Comp Soc DE Parallel I/O; I/O optimization; data replication; data reorganization; data access pattern AB The performance gap between computing power and the I/O system is ever increasing, and in the meantime more and more High Performance Computing (HPC) applications are becoming data intensive. This study describes an I/O data replication scheme, named Pattern-Direct and Layout-Aware (PDLA) data replication scheme, to alleviate this performance gap. The basic idea of PDLA is replicating identified data access pattern, and saving these reorganized replications with optimized data layouts based on access cost analysis. A runtime system is designed and developed to integrate the PDLA replication scheme and existing parallel I/O system; a prototype of PDLA is implemented under the MPICH2 and PVFS2 environments. Experimental results show that PDLA is effective in improving data access performance of parallel I/O systems. C1 [Yin, Yanlong; Li, Jibing; He, Jun; Sun, Xian-He] IIT, Dept Comp Sci, Chicago, IL 60616 USA. [Thakur, Rajeev] Argonne Natl Lab, Math & Comp Sci Div, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Yin, Y (reprint author), IIT, Dept Comp Sci, Chicago, IL 60616 USA. EM yyin2@iit.edu; jli33@iit.edu; jhe24@iit.edu; sun@iit.edu; thakur@mcs.anl.gov FU National Science Foundation under NSF [CCF-0937877, CNS-1162540]; Office of Advanced Scientific Computing Research; Office of Science; U.S. Department of Energy [DEAC02-06CH11357] FX The authors are thankful to and Dr. Robert Ross and Dr. Dries Kimpe of Argonne National Laboratory and Dr. Huaiming Song of Dawning Information Industry for their constructive and thoughtful suggestions toward this work. The authors are also grateful to anonymous reviewers for their valuable comments and suggestions. This research was supported in part by National Science Foundation under NSF grant CCF-0937877 and CNS-1162540, and in part by the Office of Advanced Scientific Computing Research, Office of Science, U.S. Department of Energy, under Contract DEAC02-06CH11357. NR 34 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1264 USA SN 1530-2075 BN 978-0-7695-4971-2 J9 INT PARALL DISTRIB P PY 2013 BP 345 EP 356 DI 10.1109/IPDPS.2013.114 PG 12 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BA1PT UT WOS:000332828000030 ER PT S AU Ahn, DH Brim, MJ de Supinski, BR Gamblin, T Lee, GL LeGendre, MP Miller, BP Moody, A Schulz, M AF Ahn, Dong H. Brim, Michael J. de Supinski, Bronis R. Gamblin, Todd Lee, Gregory L. LeGendre, Matthew P. Miller, Barton P. Moody, Adam Schulz, Martin GP IEEE Comp Soc TI Efficient and Scalable Retrieval Techniques for Global File Properties SO IEEE 27TH INTERNATIONAL PARALLEL AND DISTRIBUTED PROCESSING SYMPOSIUM (IPDPS 2013) SE International Parallel and Distributed Processing Symposium IPDPS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE 27th International Parallel and Distributed Processing Symposium (IPDPS) CY MAY 20-24, 2013 CL Boston, MA SP IEEE, IEEE Comp Soc AB Large-scale systems typically mount many different file systems with distinct performance characteristics and capacity. Applications must efficiently use this storage in order to realize their full performance potential. Users must take into account potential file replication throughout the storage hierarchy as well as contention in lower levels of the I/O system, and must consider communicating the results of file I/O between application processes to reduce file system accesses. Addressing these issues and optimizing file accesses requires detailed run-time knowledge of file system performance characteristics and the location(s) of files on them. In this paper, we propose Fast Global File Status (FGFS), a scalable mechanism to retrieve file information, such as its degree of distribution or replication and consistency. We use a novel node-local technique that turns expensive, non-scalable file system calls into simple string comparison operations. FGFS raises the namespace of a locally-defined file path to a global namespace with little or no file system calls to obtain global file properties efficiently. Our evaluation on a large multi-physics application shows that most FGFS file status queries on its executable and 848 shared library files complete in 272 milliseconds or faster at 32,768 MPI processes. Even the most expensive operation, which checks global file consistency, completes in under 7 seconds at this scale, an improvement of several orders of magnitude over the traditional checksum technique. C1 [Ahn, Dong H.; de Supinski, Bronis R.; Gamblin, Todd; Lee, Gregory L.; LeGendre, Matthew P.; Moody, Adam; Schulz, Martin] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Computat Directorate, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Brim, Michael J.; Miller, Barton P.] Univ Wisconsin, Comp Sci Dept, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Ahn, DH (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Computat Directorate, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM ahn1@llnl.gov; mjbrim@cs.wisc.edu; bronis@llnl.gov; gamblin2@llnl.gov; lee218@llnl.gov; legendre1@llnl.gov; bart@cs.wisc.edu; moody20@llnl.gov; schulzm@llnl.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [AC52-07NA27344 (LLNL-PROC- 554055)]; Department of Energy [DE-SC0004061, 07ER25800, DE-SC0003922, DE-SC0002153, DE-SC0002154, DE-SC0002155] FX This work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under contract DE-AC52-07NA27344 (LLNL-PROC- 554055). It was supported in part by Department of Energy grants DE-SC0004061, 07ER25800, DE-SC0003922, DESC0002153, DE-SC0002154, and DE-SC0002155. NR 33 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1264 USA SN 1530-2075 BN 978-0-7695-4971-2 J9 INT PARALL DISTRIB P PY 2013 BP 369 EP 380 DI 10.1109/IPDPS.2013.49 PG 12 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BA1PT UT WOS:000332828000032 ER PT S AU Zhang, XC Liu, K Davis, K Jiang, S AF Zhang, Xuechen Liu, Ke Davis, Kei Jiang, Song GP IEEE Comp Soc TI iBridge: Improving Unaligned Parallel File Access with Solid-State Drives SO IEEE 27TH INTERNATIONAL PARALLEL AND DISTRIBUTED PROCESSING SYMPOSIUM (IPDPS 2013) SE International Parallel and Distributed Processing Symposium IPDPS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE 27th International Parallel and Distributed Processing Symposium (IPDPS) CY MAY 20-24, 2013 CL Boston, MA SP IEEE, IEEE Comp Soc DE Solid state drive; parallel file systems; parallel I/O AB When files are striped in a parallel I/O system, requests to the files are decomposed into a number of sub-requests that are distributed over multiple servers. If a request is not aligned with the striping pattern such decomposition can make the first and last sub-requests much smaller than the striping unit. Because hard-disk-based servers can be much less efficient in serving small requests than large ones, the system exhibits heterogeneity in serving sub-requests of different sizes, and the net throughput of the entire system can be severely degraded by the inefficiency of serving the smaller requests, or fragments. Because a request is not considered complete until its slowest sub-request is, the penalty is yet greater for synchronous requests. To make the situation even worse, the larger the request, or the more data servers the requested data is striped over, the larger the detrimental performance effect of serving fragments can be. This effect can become the Achilles' heel of a parallel I/O system performance seeking scalability with large sequential accesses. In this paper we propose iBridge, a scheme that uses solid-state drives to serve request fragments and thereby bridge the performance gap between serving fragments and serving large sub-requests. We have implemented iBridge in the PVFS file system. Our experimental results with representative MPI-IO benchmarks show that iBridge can significantly improve the I/O throughput of storage systems, especially for large requests with fragments. C1 [Zhang, Xuechen; Liu, Ke; Jiang, Song] Wayne State Univ, ECE Dept, Detroit, MI 48202 USA. [Zhang, Xuechen; Davis, Kei] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Comp Sci, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Davis, Kei] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div CCS, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Zhang, XC (reprint author), Wayne State Univ, ECE Dept, Detroit, MI 48202 USA. FU U.S. National Science Foundation under CAREER CCF [0845711, CNS 1117772, CNS 1217948]; Accelerated Strategic Computing program of the Department of Energy; US Department of Energy [DEAC52-06NA25396] FX The authors thank Marcus Daniels and Ryan Braithwaite (LANL) for their technical assistance with the Darwin cluster. We also thank the anonymous reviewers for their constructive comments. This work was supported by U.S. National Science Foundation under CAREER CCF 0845711, CNS 1117772, and CNS 1217948. This work was also funded in part by the Accelerated Strategic Computing program of the Department of Energy. Los Alamos National Laboratory is operated by Los Alamos National Security LLC for the US Department of Energy under contract DEAC52-06NA25396. NR 26 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1264 USA SN 1530-2075 BN 978-0-7695-4971-2 J9 INT PARALL DISTRIB P PY 2013 BP 381 EP 392 DI 10.1109/IPDPS.2013.21 PG 12 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BA1PT UT WOS:000332828000033 ER EF