FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT S AU Flicker, J Kaplar, R Marinella, M Granata, J AF Flicker, Jack Kaplar, Robert Marinella, Matthew Granata, Jennifer GP IEEE TI PV Inverter Performance and Reliability: What is the Role of the Bus Capacitor? SO 2012 IEEE 38TH PHOTOVOLTAIC SPECIALISTS CONFERENCE (PVSC), VOL 2 SE IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 38th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC) CY JUN 03-08, 2012 CL Austin, TX SP IEEE, IEEE Electron Devides Soc (EDS), IEEE Photon Soc, IEEE Power & Energy Soc (PES), HelioVolt Corp, SunShot, US Dept Energy AB In order to elucidate how the degradation of individual components affects the state of the photovoltaic inverter as a whole, we have carried out SPICE simulations to investigate the voltage and current ripple on the DC bus. The bus capacitor is generally considered to be among the least reliable components of the system, so we have simulated how the degradation of bus capacitors affects the AC ripple at the terminals of the PV module. Degradation-induced ripple leads to an increased degradation rate in a positive feedback cycle. Additionally, laboratory experiments are being carried out to ascertain the reliability of metallized thin film capacitors. By understanding the degradation mechanisms and their effects on the inverter as a system, steps can be made to more effectively replace marginal components with more reliable ones, increasing the lifetime and efficiency of the inverter and decreasing its cost per watt towards the US Department of Energy goals. C1 [Flicker, Jack; Kaplar, Robert; Marinella, Matthew; Granata, Jennifer] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Flicker, J (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0160-8371 J9 IEEE PHOT SPEC CONF PY 2013 PG 3 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA BC7HM UT WOS:000354881800012 ER PT S AU France, RM Geisz, JF Steiner, MA Friedman, DJ Ward, JS Olson, JM Olavarria, W Young, M Duda, A AF France, Ryan M. Geisz, John F. Steiner, Myles A. Friedman, Daniel J. Ward, J. Scott Olson, Jerry M. Olavarria, Waldo Young, Michelle Duda, Anna GP IEEE TI Pushing Inverted Metamorphic Multijunction Solar Cells Toward Higher Efficiency at Realistic Operating Conditions SO 2012 IEEE 38TH PHOTOVOLTAIC SPECIALISTS CONFERENCE (PVSC), VOL 2 SE IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 38th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC) CY JUN 03-08, 2012 CL Austin, TX SP IEEE, IEEE Electron Devides Soc (EDS), IEEE Photon Soc, IEEE Power & Energy Soc (PES), HelioVolt Corp, SunShot, US Dept Energy DE Concentration; material quality; multijunction (MJ) solar cells; temperature ID OPTIMIZATION; EPITAXY AB A unique aspect of the inverted metamorphic multijunction (IMM) solar cell is the bandgap tunability of each junction, creating extremely flexible device designs. The optimal structure has subcell photocurrents that are matched for a given spectrum. However, the subcell photocurrents depend on the cell operating temperature, and therefore, the bandgaps need to be optimized for a certain range of operating conditions. In addition, imperfect material quality results in a loss of voltage and current that depends on the cell bandgap and thickness. In this case, an iterative process of multijunction design and subcell characterization is necessary to determine the optimal design. We compare two different three-junction devices to demonstrate the effect of bandgap selection and lattice-mismatched material quality on device performance at different temperatures. The triple-junction (3J)-IMM design with two lattice-mismatched junctions of perfect material quality (2MMJ) is theoretically optimal at room temperature but experimentally performs similarly to a simpler design with one mismatched junction (1MMJ) at higher temperature because of material quality tradeoffs and the temperature dependence of the designs. Significant progress in the growth, processing, and measurement has led to a 1MMJ design with (42.6 +/- 2.1)% peak efficiency at 327 suns and (40.9 +/- 2.0)% efficiency at 1093 suns under the direct spectrum. C1 [France, Ryan M.; Geisz, John F.; Steiner, Myles A.; Friedman, Daniel J.; Ward, J. Scott; Olson, Jerry M.; Olavarria, Waldo; Young, Michelle; Duda, Anna] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP France, RM (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. EM ryan.france@nrel.gov; john.geisz@nrel.gov; myles.steiner@nrel.gov; daniel.friedman@nrel.gov; scott.ward@nrel.gov; jerry.olson@nrel.gov; waldo.olavarria@nrel.gov; michelle.young@nrel.gov; anna.duda@nrel.gov NR 26 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0160-8371 J9 IEEE PHOT SPEC CONF PY 2013 DI 10.1109/JPHOTOV.2013.2239358 PG 6 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA BC7HM UT WOS:000354881800044 ER PT S AU Fthenakis, V Anctil, A AF Fthenakis, Vasilis Anctil, Annick GP IEEE TI Direct Te Mining: Resource Availability and Impact on Cumulative Energy Demand of CdTe PV Life Cycles SO 2012 IEEE 38TH PHOTOVOLTAIC SPECIALISTS CONFERENCE (PVSC), VOL 2 SE IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 38th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC) CY JUN 03-08, 2012 CL Austin, TX SP IEEE, IEEE Electron Devides Soc (EDS), IEEE Photon Soc, IEEE Power & Energy Soc (PES), HelioVolt Corp, SunShot, US Dept Energy DE CdTe photovoltaics (PV); life-cycle assessments (LCAs); photovoltaic cells ID TECHNOLOGIES AB As the availability of tellurium (Te) is constrained by the production rate of its main parent compound (Cu), its potential supply to deploy CdTe photovoltaics (PV) merits investigation. Recently, Te-rich ores and gold-telluride mines have been discovered in several places throughout the world that will allow the economic recovery of Te, independent of the production of copper. In conventional CdTe life-cycle assessments, the environmental impacts of mining and smelting are typically allocated to all the coproducts on the basis of the products' physical amount or economic values. Consequently, directly mining Te from such ores potentially might increase the environmental burden of mining and smelting operations in the life cycle of CdTe PV systems. Other factors influencing the impacts of direct Te mining include the presence of additional coproducts (e. g., gold and silver), the relative contribution of Te to the life-cycle cumulative energy demand (CED) of CdTe PV, the proportion of directly mined Te content relative to the content of the Cu byproduct in the Te-supply chain, and end-of-life CdTe PV recycling. We estimated that the total CED would increase by 1% when 100% of the supply came from direct mining and by 0.7% if we assume a supply mixture representing the ratios of the reserves. C1 [Fthenakis, Vasilis] Columbia Univ, New York, NY 10027 USA. [Fthenakis, Vasilis; Anctil, Annick] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Fthenakis, V (reprint author), Columbia Univ, New York, NY 10027 USA. EM vmf@bnl.gov; aanctil@bnl.gov NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0160-8371 J9 IEEE PHOT SPEC CONF PY 2013 DI 10.1109/JPHOTOV.2012.2216860 PG 6 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA BC7HM UT WOS:000354881800028 ER PT S AU Grover, S Teplin, CW Li, JV Bobela, DC Bornstein, J Schroeter, P Johnston, S Guthrey, H Stradins, P Branz, HM Young, DL AF Grover, Sachit Teplin, Charles W. Li, Jian V. Bobela, David C. Bornstein, Jon Schroeter, Paul Johnston, Steve Guthrey, Harvey Stradins, Paul Branz, Howard M. Young, David L. GP IEEE TI Device Physics of Heteroepitaxial Film c-Si Heterojunction Solar Cells SO 2012 IEEE 38TH PHOTOVOLTAIC SPECIALISTS CONFERENCE (PVSC), VOL 2 SE IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 38th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC) CY JUN 03-08, 2012 CL Austin, TX SP IEEE, IEEE Electron Devides Soc (EDS), IEEE Photon Soc, IEEE Power & Energy Soc (PES), HelioVolt Corp, SunShot, US Dept Energy DE Charge recombination; diode ideality factor; heteroepitaxial silicon; open-circuit voltage; photovoltaic (PV) cells; quantum efficiency (QE) ID POLYCRYSTALLINE SILICON; SURFACE-RECOMBINATION; CRYSTAL SILICON; EFFICIENCY; CHALLENGES; GLASS AB We characterize heterojunction solar cells made from single-crystal silicon films grown heteroepitaxially using hot-wire chemical vapor deposition (HWCVD). Heteroepitaxy-induced dislocations limit the cell performance, providing a unique platform to study the device physics of thin crystal Si heterojunction solar cells. Hydrogen passivation of these dislocations enables an open-circuit voltage V-OC close to 580 mV. However, dislocations are partially active, even after passivation. Using standard characterization methods, we compare the performance of heteroepitaxial absorbers with homoepitaxial absorbers that are free of dislocations. Heteroepitaxial cells have a smaller diffusion length and a larger ideality factor, indicating stronger recombination, which leads to inefficient current collection and a lower V-OC than homoepitaxial cells. Modeling indicates that the recombination in the inversion layer of heterojunction cells made from defective absorbers is comparable with the overall recombination in the bulk. Temperature-dependent V-OC measurements point to significant recombination at the interface that is attributable to the presence of dislocations. C1 [Grover, Sachit; Teplin, Charles W.; Li, Jian V.; Johnston, Steve; Guthrey, Harvey; Stradins, Paul; Branz, Howard M.; Young, David L.] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Bobela, David C.; Bornstein, Jon; Schroeter, Paul] Ampulse Corp, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Grover, S (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. EM sachit.grover@nrel.gov; Charles.Teplin@NREL.gov; jian.li@nrel.gov; David@ampulse.com; jon@ampulse.com; Paul@ampulse.com; steve.johnston@nrel.gov; harvey.guthrey@nrel.gov; pauls.stradins@nrel.gov; howard.branz@nrel.gov; David.Young@nrel.gov RI Li, Jian/B-1627-2016 NR 27 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0160-8371 J9 IEEE PHOT SPEC CONF PY 2013 DI 10.1109/JPHOTOV.2012.2223455 PG 6 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA BC7HM UT WOS:000354881800050 ER PT S AU Hacke, P Smith, R Terwilliger, K Glick, S Jordan, D Johnston, S Kempe, M Kurtz, S AF Hacke, Peter Smith, Ryan Terwilliger, Kent Glick, Stephen Jordan, Dirk Johnston, Steve Kempe, Michael Kurtz, Sarah GP IEEE TI Testing and Analysis for Lifetime Prediction of Crystalline Silicon PV Modules Undergoing Degradation by System Voltage Stress SO 2012 IEEE 38TH PHOTOVOLTAIC SPECIALISTS CONFERENCE (PVSC), VOL 2 SE IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 38th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC) CY JUN 03-08, 2012 CL Austin, TX SP IEEE, IEEE Electron Devides Soc (EDS), IEEE Photon Soc, IEEE Power & Energy Soc (PES), HelioVolt Corp, SunShot, US Dept Energy DE Current-voltage (I-V) characteristics; degradation; high-voltage techniques; photovoltaic (PV) cells; photovoltaic systems; reliability ID POTENTIAL-INDUCED DEGRADATION; PHOTOVOLTAIC MODULES; SOLAR-CELLS; FAILURE AB Acceleration factors are calculated for crystalline silicon photovoltaic modules under system voltage stress by comparing the module power during degradation outdoors with that in accelerated testing at three temperatures and 85% relative humidity. A lognormal analysis is applied to the accelerated lifetime test data, considering failure at 80% of the initial module power. Activation energy of 0.73 eV for the rate of failure is determined for the chamber testing at constant relative humidity, and the probability of module failure at an arbitrary temperature is predicted. To obtain statistical data for multiple modules over the course of degradation in situ of the test chamber, dark I-V measurements are obtained and transformed using superposition, which is found to be well suited for rapid and quantitative evaluation of potential-induced degradation. It is determined that shunt resistance measurements alone do not represent the extent of power degradation. This is explained with a two-diode model analysis that shows an increasing second diode recombination current and ideality factor as the degradation in module power progresses. Failure modes of the modules stressed outdoors are examined and compared with those stressed in accelerated tests. C1 [Hacke, Peter; Smith, Ryan; Terwilliger, Kent; Glick, Stephen; Jordan, Dirk; Johnston, Steve; Kempe, Michael; Kurtz, Sarah] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Hacke, P (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. EM peter.hacke@nrel.gov; Ryan.Smith@nrel.gov; kent.terwilliger@nrel.gov; Stephen.Glick@nrel.gov; dirk.jordan@nrel.gov; steve.johnston@nrel.gov; Michael.Kempe@nrel.gov; Sarah.Kurtz@nrel.gov NR 32 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0160-8371 J9 IEEE PHOT SPEC CONF PY 2013 DI 10.1109/JPHOTOV.2012.2222351 PG 8 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA BC7HM UT WOS:000354881800051 ER PT S AU Ishizuka, S Mansfield, LM DeHart, C Scott, M To, B Young, MR Egaas, B Noufi, R AF Ishizuka, Shogo Mansfield, Lorelle M. DeHart, Clay Scott, Marty To, Bobby Young, Matthew R. Egaas, Brian Noufi, Rommel GP IEEE TI Rapid Fabrication of Cu(In,Ga)Se-2 Thin Films by the Two-Step Selenization Process SO 2012 IEEE 38TH PHOTOVOLTAIC SPECIALISTS CONFERENCE (PVSC), VOL 2 SE IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 38th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC) CY JUN 03-08, 2012 CL Austin, TX SP IEEE, IEEE Electron Devides Soc (EDS), IEEE Photon Soc, IEEE Power & Energy Soc (PES), HelioVolt Corp, SunShot, US Dept Energy DE Copper indium gallium diselenide; Cu(In,Ga)Se-2 (CIGS); photovoltaic cells; selenization; thin films ID SOLAR-CELLS; SE-VAPOR; PRECURSORS; CUINSE2; PHASE AB Two-step processes currently used for the industrial Cu(In,Ga)Se-2 (CIGS) module production require a long process time of several hours for the CIGS absorber formation. In this paper, we are studying the reaction pathway to rapid selenization of stacked metal precursors in elemental Se vapor. The objective is to understand the reaction kinetics to find the best precursor structure and the optimal selenization conditions to form high-quality CIGS films with proper Ga depth profiles. In addition to stacked metal precursors, the effect of the use of Se-containing precursors was also examined. As expected, the stacking order of the metal precursors influences the properties of the resulting CIGS absorbers. The Cu amount deposited for the precursor formation critically affected the final film and cell properties, as well. We also found that the formation of CIGS films with large grain sizes and flat Ga depth profiles was possible even for [Cu]/([In] + [Ga]) < 1 conditions with the use of particular precursor structures and selenization conditions. The results suggest that the selenization reaction pathway can be dictated with the precursor structure, and further improvements are expected by controlling reaction kinetics with precursor structure modification. C1 [Ishizuka, Shogo; Mansfield, Lorelle M.; DeHart, Clay; Scott, Marty; To, Bobby; Young, Matthew R.; Egaas, Brian; Noufi, Rommel] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Ishizuka, Shogo] Natl Inst Adv Ind Sci & Technol, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058568, Japan. RP Ishizuka, S (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. EM shogo-ishizuka@aist.go.jp; lorelle.mansfield@nrel.gov; clay.dehart@nrel.gov; marty.scott@nrel.gov; bobby.to@nrel.gov; matthew.young@nrel.gov; brian.egaas@nrel.gov; rommel.noufi@nrel.gov NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0160-8371 J9 IEEE PHOT SPEC CONF PY 2013 DI 10.1109/JPHOTOV.2012.2222868 PG 7 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA BC7HM UT WOS:000354881800055 ER PT S AU Jolmson, J Schenkman, B Ellis, A Quiroz, J Lenox, C AF Jolmson, Jay Schenkman, Benjamin Ellis, Abraham Quiroz, Jimmy Lenox, Carl GP IEEE TI Initial Operating Experience of the 1.2-MW La Ola Photovoltaic System SO 2012 IEEE 38TH PHOTOVOLTAIC SPECIALISTS CONFERENCE (PVSC), VOL 2 SE IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 38th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC) CY JUN 03-08, 2012 CL Austin, TX SP IEEE, IEEE Electron Devides Soc (EDS), IEEE Photon Soc, IEEE Power & Energy Soc (PES), HelioVolt Corp, SunShot, US Dept Energy DE photovoltaic systems; power ramp rates; power grids; power system interconnection; power smoothing; power monitoring; battery management systems AB The 1.2-MW La Ola photovoltaic (PV) power plant in Lanai, Hawaii, has been in operation since December 2009. The host system is a small island microgrid with peak load of 5 MW. Simulations conducted as part of the interconnection study concluded that unmitigated PV output ramps had the potential to negatively affect system frequency. Based on that study, the PV system was initially allowed to operate with output limited to 50% of nameplate power capacity to reduce the potential for frequency instability due to PV variability. Based on the analysis of historical voltage, frequency, and power output data at 50% output level, the PV system has not significantly affected grid performance. However, it should be noted that the impact of PV variability on active and reactive power output of the nearby diesel generators was not evaluated. C1 [Jolmson, Jay; Schenkman, Benjamin; Ellis, Abraham; Quiroz, Jimmy] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Lenox, Carl] SunPower Corp, Richmond, CA USA. RP Jolmson, J (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0160-8371 J9 IEEE PHOT SPEC CONF PY 2013 PG 6 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA BC7HM UT WOS:000354881800004 ER PT S AU Lave, M Stein, JS Ellis, A AF Lave, Matthew Stein, Joshua S. Ellis, Abraham GP IEEE TI Analyzing and Simulating the Reduction in PV Powerplant Variability Due to Geographic Smoothing in Ota City, Japan and Alamosa, CO SO 2012 IEEE 38TH PHOTOVOLTAIC SPECIALISTS CONFERENCE (PVSC), VOL 2 SE IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 38th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC) CY JUN 03-08, 2012 CL Austin, TX SP IEEE, IEEE Electron Devides Soc (EDS), IEEE Photon Soc, IEEE Power & Energy Soc (PES), HelioVolt Corp, SunShot, US Dept Energy DE solar power generation; wavelet transforms; solar energy; power grids; photovoltaic systems ID SYSTEMS; OUTPUT; AREA AB Ota City, Japan and Alamosa, Colorado present contrasting cases of a small rooftop distributed PV plant versus a large central PV plant. We examine the effect of geographic smoothing on the power output of each plant. I-second relative maximum ramp rates are found to be reduced 6-10 times for the total plant output versus a single point sensor, though smaller reductions are seen at longer timescales. The relative variability is found to decay exponentially at all timescales as additional houses or inverters are aggregated. The rate of decay depends on both the geographic diversity within the plant and the meteorological conditions (such as cloud speed) on a given day. The Wavelet Variability Model (WVM) takes into account these geographic smoothing effects to produce simulated PV powerplant output by using a point sensor as input. The WVM is tested against Ota City and Alamosa, and the WVM simulation closely matches the distribution of ramp rates of actual power output. C1 [Lave, Matthew; Stein, Joshua S.; Ellis, Abraham] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Lave, Matthew] Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. RP Lave, M (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0160-8371 J9 IEEE PHOT SPEC CONF PY 2013 PG 6 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA BC7HM UT WOS:000354881800022 ER PT S AU Li, JV Duenow, JN Kuciauskas, D Kanevce, A Dhere, RG Young, MR Levi, DH AF Li, Jian V. Duenow, Joel N. Kuciauskas, Darius Kanevce, Ana Dhere, Ramesh G. Young, Matthew R. Levi, Dean H. GP IEEE TI Electrical Characterization of Cu Composition Effects in CdS/CdTe Thin-Film Solar Cells with a ZnTe:Cu Back Contact SO 2012 IEEE 38TH PHOTOVOLTAIC SPECIALISTS CONFERENCE (PVSC), VOL 2 SE IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 38th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC) CY JUN 03-08, 2012 CL Austin, TX SP IEEE, IEEE Electron Devides Soc (EDS), IEEE Photon Soc, IEEE Power & Energy Soc (PES), HelioVolt Corp, SunShot, US Dept Energy DE admittance measurement; capacitance-voltage characteristics; CdTe; charge carrier density; contacts; defect ID LEVEL TRANSIENT SPECTROSCOPY; DEEP-LEVEL; CDTE; THICKNESS; DEFECTS AB We study the effects of Cu composition on the CdTe/ZnTe:Cu back contact and the bulk CdTe. For the back contact, its potential barrier decreases with Cu concentration while its saturation current density increases. For the bulk CdTe, the hole density increases with Cu concentration. We identify a Cu-related deep level at similar to 0.55 eV whose concentration is significant when the Cu concentration is high. The device performance, which initially improves with Cu concentration then decreases, reflects the interplay between the positive influences (reducing the back contact potential barrier while increasing the saturation current density of the back contact and hole density in CdTe bulk) and negative influences (increasing deep levels in CdTe) of Cu. C1 [Li, Jian V.; Duenow, Joel N.; Kuciauskas, Darius; Kanevce, Ana; Dhere, Ramesh G.; Young, Matthew R.; Levi, Dean H.] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Li, JV (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, 15013 Denver West Pkwy, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RI Li, Jian/B-1627-2016 NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 4 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0160-8371 J9 IEEE PHOT SPEC CONF PY 2013 PG 5 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA BC7HM UT WOS:000354881800062 ER PT S AU Mann, J Li, J Repins, I Ramanathan, K Glynn, S DeHart, C Noufi, R AF Mann, Jonathan Li, Jian Repins, Ingrid Ramanathan, Kannan Glynn, Stephen DeHart, Clay Noufi, Rommel GP IEEE TI Reflection Optimization for Alternative Thin-Film Photovoltaics SO 2012 IEEE 38TH PHOTOVOLTAIC SPECIALISTS CONFERENCE (PVSC), VOL 2 SE IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 38th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC) CY JUN 03-08, 2012 CL Austin, TX SP IEEE, IEEE Electron Devides Soc (EDS), IEEE Photon Soc, IEEE Power & Energy Soc (PES), HelioVolt Corp, SunShot, US Dept Energy DE Cadmium sulfide (CdS); copper indium gallium selenide (CIGS); copper zinc tin selenide (CZTS); reflection; zinc sulfide (ZnS) ID SOLAR-CELLS; SINGLE-LAYER; EFFICIENCY AB The recent improvements in efficiencies for kesterite (copper zinc tin selenide, CZTS) devices warrant an investigation into how the kesterite device stack can best be capped to minimize losses due to reflection. Additionally, ongoing efforts to replace the cadmium sulfide (CdS) layer in copper indium gallium selenide (CIGS)-based devices, most notably with zinc sulfide (ZnS), need to be accompanied by a similar investigation into how to best finish a CIGS/ZnS stack to minimize reflection losses. An optical analysis of how CZTS/CdS and CIGS/ZnS devices reflect light has been performed for the purpose of optimizing the transparent conducting oxide and antireflection layers for each stack. This research addresses what is similar and what is different between the alternative stacks and the routine CIGS/CdS stack and how to best reduce the reflection losses for each situation. C1 [Mann, Jonathan; Li, Jian; Repins, Ingrid; Ramanathan, Kannan; Glynn, Stephen; DeHart, Clay; Noufi, Rommel] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Li, Jian] Colorado Sch Mines, Dept Phys, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Mann, J (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. EM jonathan.mann@nrel.gov; Jian2.Li@nrel.gov; ingrid.repins@nrel.gov; kannan.ramanathan@nrel.gov; Stephen.Glynn@nrel.gov; Clay.DeHart@nrel.gov; Rommel.Noufi@nrel.gov NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0160-8371 J9 IEEE PHOT SPEC CONF PY 2013 DI 10.1109/JPHOTOV.2012.2224321 PG 4 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA BC7HM UT WOS:000354881800064 ER PT S AU McMahon, WE Lin, CT Ward, JS Geisz, JF Wanlass, MW Carapella, JJ Olavarria, W Young, M Steiner, MA France, RM Kibbler, AE Duda, A Olson, JM Perl, EE Friedman, DJ Bowers, JE AF McMahon, W. E. Lin, C. -T. Ward, J. S. Geisz, J. F. Wanlass, M. W. Carapella, J. J. Olavarria, W. Young, M. Steiner, M. A. France, R. M. Kibbler, A. E. Duda, A. Olson, J. M. Perl, E. E. Friedman, D. J. Bowers, J. E. GP IEEE TI Metal Pillar Interconnection Topology for Bonded Two-Terminal Multijunction III-V Solar Cells SO 2012 IEEE 38TH PHOTOVOLTAIC SPECIALISTS CONFERENCE (PVSC), VOL 2 SE IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 38th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC) CY JUN 03-08, 2012 CL Austin, TX SP IEEE, IEEE Electron Devides Soc (EDS), IEEE Photon Soc, IEEE Power & Energy Soc (PES), HelioVolt Corp, SunShot, US Dept Energy DE bonding processes; III-V semiconductor materials; optimization; photovoltaic cells; semiconductor device modeling ID EFFICIENCY AB Metal-interconnected multijunction solar cells offer one pathway toward efficiencies in excess of 50%. However, if a 3- or 4-terminal configuration is used, optical losses from the interfacial grid can be considerable. Here, we examine an alternative which provides an optimal interconnection for two-terminal bonded devices. This "pillar-array" topology is optimized by minimizing the sum of all power losses, including shadow losses and numerically computed electrical losses. Numerical modeling is used to illustrate the benefit of a pillar-array interfacial metallization for some 2-terminal configurations. C1 [McMahon, W. E.; Ward, J. S.; Geisz, J. F.; Wanlass, M. W.; Carapella, J. J.; Olavarria, W.; Young, M.; Steiner, M. A.; France, R. M.; Kibbler, A. E.; Duda, A.; Olson, J. M.; Friedman, D. J.] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Lin, C. -T.; Perl, E. E.; Bowers, J. E.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. RP McMahon, WE (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0160-8371 J9 IEEE PHOT SPEC CONF PY 2013 PG 6 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA BC7HM UT WOS:000354881800065 ER PT S AU Mills, AD Wiser, RH AF Mills, Andrew D. Wiser, Ryan H. GP IEEE TI Changes in the Economic Value of Photovoltaic Generation at High Penetration Levels: A Pilot Case Study of California SO 2012 IEEE 38TH PHOTOVOLTAIC SPECIALISTS CONFERENCE (PVSC), VOL 2 SE IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 38th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC) CY JUN 03-08, 2012 CL Austin, TX SP IEEE, IEEE Electron Devides Soc (EDS), IEEE Photon Soc, IEEE Power & Energy Soc (PES), HelioVolt Corp, SunShot, US Dept Energy ID DISTRIBUTED GENERATION; COSTS; TECHNOLOGIES; INTERMITTENT; IMPACTS; SYSTEMS; WIND AB We estimate the long-run economic value of photovoltaic (PV) generation with increasing penetration using a unique investment and dispatch model that captures long-run investment decisions while also incorporating detailed operational constraints and hourly time resolution over a full year. High time resolution and operational constraints can be important for estimating the economic value of variable generation resources like PV, as is the use of a modeling framework that accommodates new investment decisions. The model is herein applied to a case study that is loosely based on California in 2030. The marginal economic value of PV is decomposed into capacity value, energy value, day-ahead forecast error cost, and ancillary services. The value of PV is found to exceed the value of a flat block of power by $19/MWh at low penetration, largely due to the high capacity value of PV at low penetration. The value of PV is found to drop considerably (by more than $60/MWh) as the penetration increases toward 30% on an energy basis, first due primarily to a steep drop in the capacity value followed by a decrease in the energy value. Day-ahead forecast error and ancillary service costs, though not insignificant, do not change as dramatically with increasing penetration. In the near term, efforts to mitigate changes in the value of PV with increasing penetration may be most effective if focused on maintaining the capacity value of PV. C1 [Mills, Andrew D.; Wiser, Ryan H.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Energy Anal Dept, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Mills, AD (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Energy Anal Dept, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM ADMills@lbl.gov NR 32 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0160-8371 J9 IEEE PHOT SPEC CONF PY 2013 PG 9 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA BC7HM UT WOS:000354881800069 ER PT S AU Pattnaik, S Xiao, T Shinar, R Shinar, J Dalal, VL AF Pattnaik, Sambit Xiao, Teng Shinar, R. Shinar, J. Dalal, V. L. GP IEEE TI Novel Hybrid Amorphous/Organic Tandem Junction Solar Cell SO 2012 IEEE 38TH PHOTOVOLTAIC SPECIALISTS CONFERENCE (PVSC), VOL 2 SE IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 38th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC) CY JUN 03-08, 2012 CL Austin, TX SP IEEE, IEEE Electron Devides Soc (EDS), IEEE Photon Soc, IEEE Power & Energy Soc (PES), HelioVolt Corp, SunShot, US Dept Energy DE Amorphous semiconductors; degradation; organic semiconductors; photovoltaic (PV) cells; silicon ID MICROCRYSTALLINE SILICON; POLYMER; TRANSPORT AB We report on a novel hybrid amorphous Si-organic series-connected tandem junction solar cell. The solar cell is fabricated on indium tin oxide (ITO)-coated glass and uses an a-(Si, C): H as the first cell and a P3HT/PCBM organic cell as the second cell. An intermediate ITO layer is used as an ohmic layer which provides an excellent contact to both the first and the second cells. By adjusting the bandgap and thickness of the first a-(Si, C): H cell, we achieve an almost complete matching of currents produced by the first and the second cells. The first cell produces similar to 0.95-1.0-V open-circuit voltage, and the second cell produces similar to 0.6-V open-circuit voltage. The combined cell produces 1.5-V open-circuit voltage and had a fill factor of 77%, showing the effectiveness of the intermediate ITO layer to act as an excellent connecting layer between the two cells. When such an ITO layer is not used, the fill factor is very poor. The solar conversion efficiency of the organic cell was 4.3%, whereas the efficiency of the tandem cell was 5.7%. We also measured the stability of the organic cell with and without an inorganic cell acting as a filter in front. It is shown that the degradation of the organic cell is much higher when it is subjected to a full solar spectrum, as compared with when it is subjected to light passing through an inorganic cell first, which filters out ultraviolet (UV) and blue photons. Thus, we show that this new cell combination has the potential to significantly increase the efficiency of organic cells while also decreasing the instability. We also discuss the potential of achieving much higher efficiencies, that is approaching 20%, by using an appropriate combination of amorphous and organic cells. An example is shown next. C1 [Pattnaik, Sambit; Shinar, R.; Dalal, V. L.] Iowa State Univ, Microelect Res Ctr, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Pattnaik, Sambit; Shinar, R.; Dalal, V. L.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Xiao, Teng; Shinar, J.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Xiao, Teng; Shinar, J.] Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Pattnaik, S (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Microelect Res Ctr, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM pattnaik@iastate.edu; txiao@iastate.edu; rshinar@iastate.edu; shinar@ameslab.gov; vdalal@iastate.edu NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 4 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0160-8371 J9 IEEE PHOT SPEC CONF PY 2013 DI 10.1109/JPHOTOV.2012.2212700 PG 5 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA BC7HM UT WOS:000354881800041 ER PT S AU Powell, DM Winkler, MT Goodrich, A Buonassisi, T AF Powell, Douglas M. Winkler, Mark T. Goodrich, Alan Buonassisi, Tonio GP IEEE TI Modeling the Cost and Minimum Sustainable Price of Crystalline Silicon Photovoltaic Manufacturing in the United States SO 2012 IEEE 38TH PHOTOVOLTAIC SPECIALISTS CONFERENCE (PVSC), VOL 2 SE IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 38th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC) CY JUN 03-08, 2012 CL Austin, TX SP IEEE, IEEE Electron Devides Soc (EDS), IEEE Photon Soc, IEEE Power & Energy Soc (PES), HelioVolt Corp, SunShot, US Dept Energy DE Costs; Industrial economics; Manufacturing; Photovoltaic cells; Profitability ID SOLAR-CELLS AB We extend our cost model [1] to assess minimum sustainable prices of c-Si wafer, cell, and module manufacturing in the United States. We investigate the cost and price structures of current mc-Si technology and consider the introduction of line-of-sight innovations currently on the industry roadmap, as well as advanced technologies currently at an earlier stage of development. We benchmark the capability of these concepts to reach the U.S. Department of Energy SunShot module price target, and perform a sensitivity analysis to determine high-impact research domains that have the greatest impact on price. This exercise highlights advanced c-Si manufacturing concepts with significant cost reduction potential, and provides insight into strategies that could greatly reduce module prices in a financially sustainable manner. C1 [Powell, Douglas M.; Winkler, Mark T.; Buonassisi, Tonio] MIT, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Goodrich, Alan] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Powell, DM (reprint author), MIT, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM dmpowell@mit.edu; mwinkler@mit.edu; Alan.Goodrich@nrel.gov; buonassisi@mit.edu NR 68 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0160-8371 J9 IEEE PHOT SPEC CONF PY 2013 PG 8 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA BC7HM UT WOS:000354881800077 ER PT S AU Reno, MJ Stein, JS AF Reno, Matthew J. Stein, Joshua S. GP IEEE TI PV Output Variability Modeling Using Satellite Imagery and Neural Networks SO 2012 IEEE 38TH PHOTOVOLTAIC SPECIALISTS CONFERENCE (PVSC), VOL 2 SE IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 38th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC) CY JUN 03-08, 2012 CL Austin, TX SP IEEE, IEEE Electron Devides Soc (EDS), IEEE Photon Soc, IEEE Power & Energy Soc (PES), HelioVolt Corp, SunShot, US Dept Energy AB High frequency irradiance variability measured on the ground is caused by the formation, dissipation, and passage of clouds in the sky. Variability and ramp rates of PV systems are increasingly important to understand and model for grid stability as PV penetration levels rise. Using satellite imagery to identify cloud types and patterns can predict irradiance variability in areas lacking sensors. With satellite imagery covering the entire U.S., this allows for more accurate integration planning and power flow modelling over wide areas. Satellite imagery from southern Nevada was analyzed at 15 minute intervals over a year. Methods for image stabilization, cloud detection, and textural classification of clouds were developed and tested. High Performance Computing parallel processing algorithms were also investigated and tested. Artificial Neural Networks using imagery as inputs were trained on ground-based measurements of irradiance to model the variability and were tested to show some promise as a means for predicting irradiance variability. Artificial Neural Networks, cloud texture analysis, and cloud type categorization can be used to model the irradiance and variability for a location at a one minute resolution without needing many ground based irradiance sensors. C1 [Reno, Matthew J.; Stein, Joshua S.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Reno, Matthew J.] Georgia Inst Technol, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. RP Reno, MJ (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0160-8371 J9 IEEE PHOT SPEC CONF PY 2013 PG 3 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA BC7HM UT WOS:000354881800021 ER PT S AU Repins, IL Romero, MJ Li, JV Wei, SH Kuciauskas, D Jiang, CS Beall, C DeHart, C Mann, J Hsu, WC Teeter, G Goodrich, A Noufi, R AF Repins, Ingrid L. Romero, Manuel J. Li, Jian V. Wei, Su-Huai Kuciauskas, Darius Jiang, Chun-Sheng Beall, Carolyn DeHart, Clay Mann, Jonathan Hsu, Wan-Ching Teeter, Glenn Goodrich, Al Noufi, Rommel GP IEEE TI Kesterite Successes, Ongoing Work, and Challenges: A Perspective From Vacuum Deposition SO 2012 IEEE 38TH PHOTOVOLTAIC SPECIALISTS CONFERENCE (PVSC), VOL 2 SE IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 38th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC) CY JUN 03-08, 2012 CL Austin, TX SP IEEE, IEEE Electron Devides Soc (EDS), IEEE Photon Soc, IEEE Power & Energy Soc (PES), HelioVolt Corp, SunShot, US Dept Energy DE Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS); earth; kesterite; photovoltaic; thin film ID FILM SOLAR-CELLS; THIN-FILMS; PHOTOVOLTAICS; CU2ZNSNSE4; EFFICIENCY; CZTS; AVAILABILITY AB Recent years have seen dramatic improvements in the performance of kesterite devices. The existence of devices of comparable performance, made by a number of different techniques, provides some new perspective on what characteristics are likely fundamental to the material. Here, we review progress in kesterite device fabrication, aspects of the film characteristics that have yet to be understood, and challenges in device development that remain for kesterites to contribute significantly to photovoltaic manufacturing. Performance goals, as well as characteristics of mid-gap defect density, free carrier density, surfaces, grain boundaries, grain-to-grain uniformity, and bandgap alloying are discussed. C1 [Repins, Ingrid L.; Romero, Manuel J.; Li, Jian V.; Wei, Su-Huai; Kuciauskas, Darius; Jiang, Chun-Sheng; Beall, Carolyn; DeHart, Clay; Mann, Jonathan; Teeter, Glenn; Goodrich, Al; Noufi, Rommel] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Hsu, Wan-Ching] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. RP Repins, IL (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. EM ingrid.repins@nrel.gov; manuel.romero@nrel.gov; jian.li@nrel.gov; Suhuai.Wei@nrel.gov; darius.kuciauskas@nrel.gov; chun.sheng.jiang@nrel.gov; Carolyn.Beall@nrel.gov; Clay.DeHart@nrel.gov; jonathan.mann@nrel.gov; ching.hsu@ucla.edu; glenn.teeter@nrel.gov; Alan.Goodrich@nrel.gov; Rommel.Noufi@nrel.gov RI Li, Jian/B-1627-2016 NR 52 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0160-8371 J9 IEEE PHOT SPEC CONF PY 2013 DI 10.1109/JPHOTOV.2012.2215842 PG 7 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA BC7HM UT WOS:000354881800080 ER PT S AU Sorensen, NR Thomas, EV Quintana, MA Barkaszi, S Rosenthal, A Zhang, Z Kurtz, S AF Sorensen, N. Robert Thomas, Edward V. Quintana, Michael A. Barkaszi, Stephen Rosenthal, Andrew Zhang, Zhen Kurtz, Sarah GP IEEE TI Thermal Study of Inverter Components SO 2012 IEEE 38TH PHOTOVOLTAIC SPECIALISTS CONFERENCE (PVSC), VOL 2 SE IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 38th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC) CY JUN 03-08, 2012 CL Austin, TX SP IEEE, IEEE Electron Devides Soc (EDS), IEEE Photon Soc, IEEE Power & Energy Soc (PES), HelioVolt Corp, SunShot, US Dept Energy DE Photovoltaics; Reliability; Temperature ID RELIABILITY AB Thermal histories of inverter components were collected from operating inverters from several manufacturers and three locations. The data were analyzed to determine thermal profiles, the dependence on local conditions, and to assess the effect on inverter reliability. Inverter temperatures were shown to increase with the power dissipation of the inverters, follow diurnal and annual cycles, and have a dependence on wind speed. An accumulated damage model was applied to the temperature profiles and an example of using these data to predict reliability was explored. C1 [Sorensen, N. Robert; Thomas, Edward V.; Quintana, Michael A.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Barkaszi, Stephen] Florida Solar Energy Ctr, Cocoa, FL USA. [Rosenthal, Andrew] New Mexico State Univ, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. [Zhang, Zhen; Kurtz, Sarah] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO USA. RP Sorensen, NR (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0160-8371 J9 IEEE PHOT SPEC CONF PY 2013 PG 8 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA BC7HM UT WOS:000354881800089 ER PT S AU Steiner, MA Geisz, JF Moriarty, TE France, RM McMahon, WE Olson, JM Kurtz, SR Friedman, DJ AF Steiner, Myles A. Geisz, John F. Moriarty, Tom E. France, Ryan M. McMahon, William E. Olson, Jerry M. Kurtz, Sarah R. Friedman, Daniel J. GP IEEE TI Measuring IV curves and subcell photo currents in the presence of luminescent coupling SO 2012 IEEE 38TH PHOTOVOLTAIC SPECIALISTS CONFERENCE (PVSC), VOL 2 SE IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 38th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC) CY JUN 03-08, 2012 CL Austin, TX SP IEEE, IEEE Electron Devides Soc (EDS), IEEE Photon Soc, IEEE Power & Energy Soc (PES), HelioVolt Corp, SunShot, US Dept Energy DE IV curve; luminescent coupling; multijunction solar cell; photocurrent; radiative recombination ID DOUBLE HETEROSTRUCTURES AB High quality, direct-bandgap solar cells emit significant luminescence at their band-edge when forced to operate in forward bias, thereby creating a possible source of photocurrent in lower bandgap junctions of a multijunction cell. We study the effects of luminescent coupling on the measurement of the subcell photocurrents for a series-connected III-V multijunction solar cell. We describe a technique that uses a set of LEDs and a Xenon-lamp white-light source to accurately determine the subcell photocurrents under a reference spectrum, taking the luminescent coupling current into account. The technique quantifies the luminescent coupling efficiencies and compensates for any spectral overlap between the LEDs and the other junctions. Since quantum efficiency curves are used in the adjustment of the simulator spectrum, we also show how to correct those curves to remove the effects of luminescent coupling. C1 [Steiner, Myles A.; Geisz, John F.; Moriarty, Tom E.; France, Ryan M.; McMahon, William E.; Olson, Jerry M.; Kurtz, Sarah R.; Friedman, Daniel J.] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Steiner, MA (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. EM myles.steiner@nrel.gov; john.geisz@nrel.gov NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0160-8371 J9 IEEE PHOT SPEC CONF PY 2013 PG 11 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA BC7HM UT WOS:000354881800091 ER PT S AU Woodhouse, M Goodrich, A Margolis, R James, TL Lokanc, M Eggert, R AF Woodhouse, Michael Goodrich, Alan Margolis, Robert James, Ted L. Lokanc, Martin Eggert, Roderick GP IEEE TI Supply-Chain Dynamics of Tellurium, Indium and Gallium Within the Context of PV Module Manufacturing Costs SO 2012 IEEE 38TH PHOTOVOLTAIC SPECIALISTS CONFERENCE (PVSC), VOL 2 SE IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 38th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC) CY JUN 03-08, 2012 CL Austin, TX SP IEEE, IEEE Electron Devides Soc (EDS), IEEE Photon Soc, IEEE Power & Energy Soc (PES), HelioVolt Corp, SunShot, US Dept Energy DE thin film PV; tellurium; indium; gallium ID EPITAXIAL LIFT-OFF; SOLAR-CELLS; HIGH-EFFICIENCY; PHOTOVOLTAICS AB Given the need for humankind to implement more sustainable energy choices, it is crucial for energy systems such as PV to demonstrate success both soon and over the long-term quest for meaningful deployment. To that end, both the crystalline silicon and thin-film technologies have made, and continue to make, remarkable strides toward providing solutions that are quickly becoming more competitive against the traditional sources for power generation. But, within the thin-film segment of this industry, the highest demonstrated sunlight power conversion efficiencies have thus far come from technologies containing relatively rare constituent elements. These include tellurium in cadmium telluride, and indium and/or gallium in the CIS/CIGS and III-V families of technologies. In this paper we show that the current global supply base for these three energy-critical elements is not sufficient for enabling energy-significant levels of deployment, but also show that every one of the thin-film PV technologies that we describe has the ability to absorb an increase in the price for each constituent element(s). This ability then leads to the possibility that the supply base for each element can be augmented. C1 [Woodhouse, Michael; Goodrich, Alan; Margolis, Robert; James, Ted L.] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Strateg Energy Anal Ctr, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Lokanc, Martin; Eggert, Roderick] Colorado Sch Mines, Div Mineral & Energy Econ, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Woodhouse, M (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Strateg Energy Anal Ctr, Golden, CO 80401 USA. NR 29 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 4 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0160-8371 J9 IEEE PHOT SPEC CONF PY 2013 PG 6 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA BC7HM UT WOS:000354881800102 ER PT S AU Ng, PK Cheng, JY Fisher, B Lilley, CM AF Ng, Poh-Keong Cheng, Jian-Yih Fisher, Brandon Lilley, Carmen M. GP IEEE TI In situ Electrical Resistivity Measurement of Self Assembled Cu3Si Nanowires on Si(111) SO 2012 IEEE NANOTECHNOLOGY MATERIALS AND DEVICES CONFERENCE (NMDC) SE IEEE Nanotechnology Materials and Devices Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Nanotechnology Materials and Devices Conference (IEEE NMDC) CY OCT 16-19, 2012 CL Honolulu, HI SP IEEE, IEEE Nanotechnol Council, City Univ Hong Kong, Pohang Univ Sci Technol, Arizona State Univ, Chinese Int NEMS, Natl Ctr Nanomaterials Technol, Sci Res, Nano Technol Res Assoc ID COPPER SILICIDE; FILMS AB Self assembled Copper-Silicide nanowires were fabricated on a 600 degrees C annealed Si(111) substrate by electron beam evaporation technique. In situ scanning electron microscopy images of self assembled Copper-Silicide nanowires and nanoislands were obtained. In situ four point probe electrical resistivity measurements were performed on Copper-Silicide nanowires using Pt-Ir probes. The cross section geometry of a nanowire was studied by transmission electron microscopy technique, which was prepared using a focused ion beam technique. The composition of the nanowire was analyzed with x-ray energy dispersive technique and determined its phase to be Cu3Si. In situ electrical resistivity measurements were performed on two Cu-Si nanowires. The electrical resistivity of one of the nanowire was obtained as similar to 63 mu Omega.cm. C1 [Ng, Poh-Keong] Univ Illinois, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. [Cheng, Jian-Yih; Lilley, Carmen M.] Univ Illinois, Dept Mech & Ind Engn, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. [Fisher, Brandon] Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Nanoscale Mat, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Ng, PK (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. EM clilley@uic.edu FU NSF ARRA CAREER [CMMI-0846814]; U.S. Department of Energy; Office of Science; Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX This research is sponsored by a NSF ARRA CAREER grant (CMMI-0846814). Use of the Center for Nanoscale Materials was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. The authors would like to thank Dr. Ke-Bin Low from Research Resources Center in University of Illinois at Chicago for his expertise. NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2378-377X BN 978-1-4673-2871-5; 978-1-4673-5089-1 J9 IEEE NANOTECHNOL MAT PY 2013 BP 67 EP 70 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA BHO25 UT WOS:000326053400011 ER PT J AU Edwards, RE Zhang, H Parker, LE New, JR AF Edwards, Richard E. Zhang, Hao Parker, Lynne E. New, Joshua R. BE SayedMouchaweh, M Fu, YR Wani, MA Boicu, M Kubat, M TI Approximate l-fold Cross-Validation with Least Squares SVM and Kernel Ridge Regression SO 2013 12TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MACHINE LEARNING AND APPLICATIONS (ICMLA 2013), VOL 1 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Conference on Machine Learning and Applications (ICMLA) CY DEC 04-07, 2013 CL Miami, FL SP Assoc Machine Learning & Applicat, IEEE, IEEE Comp Soc ID SUPPORT VECTOR MACHINE AB Kernel methods have difficulties scaling to large modern data sets. The scalability issues are based on computational and memory requirements for working with a large matrix. These requirements have been addressed over the years by using low-rank kernel approximations or by improving the solvers' scalability. However, Least Squares Support Vector Machines (LS-SVM), a popular SVM variant, and Kernel Ridge Regression still have several scalability issues. In particular, the O(n(3)) computational complexity for solving a single model, and the overall computational complexity associated with tuning hyperparameters are still major problems. We address these problems by introducing an O(n log n) approximate l-fold crossvalidation method that uses a multi-level circulant matrix to approximate the kernel. In addition, we prove our algorithm's computational complexity and present empirical runtimes on data sets with approximately one million data points. We also validate our approximate method's effectiveness at selecting hyperparameters on real world and standard benchmark data sets. Lastly, we provide experimental results on using a multilevel circulant kernel approximation to solve LS-SVM problems with hyperparameters selected using our method. C1 [Edwards, Richard E.; Zhang, Hao; Parker, Lynne E.] Univ Tennessee, Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [New, Joshua R.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Whole Bldg & Community Integrat Grp, Oak Ridge, TN USA. RP Edwards, RE (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM redwar15@eecs.utk.edu; haozhang@eecs.utk.edu; parker@eecs.utk.edu; newjr@ornl.gov NR 22 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-0-7695-5144-9 PY 2013 BP 58 EP 64 DI 10.1109/ICMLA.2013.18 PG 7 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Computer Science GA BC5YA UT WOS:000353637800010 ER PT J AU Smith, MK Castello, CC New, JR AF Smith, Matt K. Castello, Charles C. New, Joshua R. BE SayedMouchaweh, M Fu, YR Wani, MA Boicu, M Kubat, M TI MACHINE LEARNING TECHNIQUES APPLIED TO SENSOR DATA CORRECTION IN BUILDING TECHNOLOGIES SO 2013 12TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MACHINE LEARNING AND APPLICATIONS (ICMLA 2013), VOL 1 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Conference on Machine Learning and Applications (ICMLA) CY DEC 04-07, 2013 CL Miami, FL SP Assoc Machine Learning & Applicat, IEEE, IEEE Comp Soc AB Since commercial and residential buildings account for nearly half of the United States' energy consumption, making them more energy-efficient is a vital part of the nation's overall energy strategy. Sensors play an important role in this research by collecting data needed to analyze performance of components, systems, and whole-buildings. Given this reliance on sensors, ensuring that sensor data are valid is a crucial problem. The solution we are researching is machine learning techniques, namely: artificial neural networks and Bayesian Networks. Types of data investigated in this study are: (1) temperature; (2) humidity; (3) refrigerator energy consumption; (4) heat pump liquid pressure; and (5) water flow. These data are taken from Oak Ridge National Laboratory's (ORNL) ZEBRAlliance research project which is composed of four single-family homes in Oak Ridge, TN. Results show that for the temperature, humidity, pressure, and flow sensors, data can mostly be predicted with root-mean-square error of less than 10% of the respective sensor's mean value. Results for the energy sensor were not as good; root-mean-square errors were centered about 100% of the mean value and were often well above 200%. Bayesian networks had smaller errors, but took substantially longer to train. C1 [Smith, Matt K.] Univ Alabama, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Tuscaloosa, AL 35486 USA. [Castello, Charles C.; New, Joshua R.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Energy & Transportat Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. RP Smith, MK (reprint author), Univ Alabama, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Tuscaloosa, AL 35486 USA. EM mksmith3@crimson.ua.edu; castellocc@ornl.gov; newjr@ornl.gov OI Smith, Matt/0000-0003-3919-3404 NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-0-7695-5144-9 PY 2013 BP 305 EP 308 DI 10.1109/ICMLA.2013.62 PG 4 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Computer Science GA BC5YA UT WOS:000353637800054 ER PT J AU Doak, JE Ingram, J Shelburg, J Johnson, J Rohrer, BR AF Doak, Justin E. Ingram, Joe Shelburg, Jeffery Johnson, Joshua Rohrer, Brandon R. BE Wani, MA Tecuci, G Boicu, M Kubat, M Khoshgoftaar, TM Seliya, N TI Active Learning for Alert Triage SO 2013 12TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MACHINE LEARNING AND APPLICATIONS (ICMLA 2013), VOL 2 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Conference on Machine Learning and Applications (ICMLA) CY DEC 04-07, 2013 CL Miami, FL SP Assoc Machine Learning & Applicat, IEEE, IEEE Comp Soc AB In the cyber security operations of a typical organization, data from multiple sources are monitored, and when certain conditions in the data are met, an alert is generated in a Security Event and Incident Management system. Analysts inspect these alerts to decide if any deserve promotion to an event requiring further scrutiny. This triage process is manual, time-consuming, and detracts from the in-depth investigation of events. We investigate the use of supervised machine learning to automatically prioritize these alerts. In particular, we utilize active learning to make efficient use of the pool of unlabeled alerts, thereby improving the performance of our ranking models over passive learning. We demonstrate the effectiveness of active learning on a large, real-world dataset of cyber security alerts. C1 [Doak, Justin E.; Ingram, Joe; Shelburg, Jeffery; Johnson, Joshua; Rohrer, Brandon R.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Doak, JE (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM jedoak@sandia.gov; jbingra@sandia.gov; jsshelb@sandia.gov; jajohn@sandia.gov; brrohre@sandia.gov NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-0-7695-5144-9 PY 2013 BP 34 EP 39 DI 10.1109/ICMLA.2013.102 PG 6 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Computer Science GA BC5YB UT WOS:000353638700006 ER PT J AU Kegelmeyer, WP Chiang, K Ingram, J AF Kegelmeyer, W. Philip Chiang, Ken Ingram, Joe BE Wani, MA Tecuci, G Boicu, M Kubat, M Khoshgoftaar, TM Seliya, N TI Streaming Malware Classification in the Presence of Concept Drift and Class Imbalance SO 2013 12TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MACHINE LEARNING AND APPLICATIONS (ICMLA 2013), VOL 2 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Conference on Machine Learning and Applications (ICMLA) CY DEC 04-07, 2013 CL Miami, FL SP Assoc Machine Learning & Applicat, IEEE, IEEE Comp Soc AB Malware, or malicious software, is capable of performing any action or command that can be expressed in code and is typically used for illicit activities, such as e-mail spamming, corporate espionage, and identity theft. Most organizations rely on anti-virus software to identify malware, which typically utilize signatures that can only identify previously-seen malware instances. We consider the detection of malware executables that are downloaded in streaming network data as a supervised machine learning problem. Using malware data collected over multiple years, we characterize the effect of concept drift and class imbalance on batch and streaming decision tree ensembles. In particular, we illustrate a surprising vulnerability generated by precisely the aspect of streaming methods that seemed most likely to help them, when compared to batch methods. C1 [Kegelmeyer, W. Philip; Chiang, Ken] Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. [Ingram, Joe] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Kegelmeyer, WP (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM wpk@sandia.gov; kchiang@sandia.gov; jbingra@sandia.gov NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 4 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-0-7695-5144-9 PY 2013 BP 48 EP 53 DI 10.1109/ICMLA.2013.104 PG 6 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Computer Science GA BC5YB UT WOS:000353638700008 ER PT J AU Beaver, JM Borges-Hink, RC Buckner, MA AF Beaver, Justin M. Borges-Hink, Raymond C. Buckner, Mark. A. BE Wani, MA Tecuci, G Boicu, M Kubat, M Khoshgoftaar, TM Seliya, N TI An Evaluation of Machine Learning Methods to Detect Malicious SCADA Communications SO 2013 12TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MACHINE LEARNING AND APPLICATIONS (ICMLA 2013), VOL 2 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Conference on Machine Learning and Applications (ICMLA) CY DEC 04-07, 2013 CL Miami, FL SP Assoc Machine Learning & Applicat, IEEE, IEEE Comp Soc DE SCADA; machine learning; intrusion detection; critical infrastructure protection; network ID NETWORKS AB Critical infrastructure Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) systems have been designed to operate on closed, proprietary networks where a malicious insider posed the greatest threat potential. The centralization of control and the movement towards open systems and standards has improved the efficiency of industrial control, but has also exposed legacy SCADA systems to security threats that they were not designed to mitigate. This work explores the viability of machine learning methods in detecting the new threat scenarios of command and data injection. Similar to network intrusion detection systems in the cyber security domain, the command and control communications in a critical infrastructure setting are monitored, and vetted against examples of benign and malicious command traffic, in order to identify potential attack events. Multiple learning methods are evaluated using a dataset of Remote Terminal Unit communications, which included both normal operations and instances of command and data injection attack scenarios. C1 [Beaver, Justin M.; Borges-Hink, Raymond C.; Buckner, Mark. A.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. RP Beaver, JM (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. EM beaverjm@ornl.gov; borgesrc@ornl.gov; bucknerma@ornl.gov OI Beaver, Justin/0000-0002-0281-6017 NR 22 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-0-7695-5144-9 PY 2013 BP 54 EP 59 DI 10.1109/ICMLA.2013.105 PG 6 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Computer Science GA BC5YB UT WOS:000353638700009 ER PT J AU McNeil, N Bridges, RA Iannacone, MD Czejdo, B Perez, N Goodall, JR AF McNeil, Nikki Bridges, Robert A. Iannacone, Michael D. Czejdo, Bogdan Perez, Nicolas Goodall, John R. BE Wani, MA Tecuci, G Boicu, M Kubat, M Khoshgoftaar, TM Seliya, N TI PACE: Pattern Accurate Computationally Efficient Bootstrapping for Timely Discovery of Cyber-Security Concepts SO 2013 12TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MACHINE LEARNING AND APPLICATIONS (ICMLA 2013), VOL 2 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Conference on Machine Learning and Applications (ICMLA) CY DEC 04-07, 2013 CL Miami, FL SP Assoc Machine Learning & Applicat, IEEE, IEEE Comp Soc AB Public disclosure of important security information, such as knowledge of vulnerabilities or exploits, often occurs in blogs, tweets, mailing lists, and other online sources significantly before proper classification into structured databases. In order to facilitate timely discovery of such knowledge, we propose a novel semi-supervised learning algorithm, PACE, for identifying and classifying relevant entities in text sources. The main contribution of this paper is an enhancement of the traditional bootstrapping method for entity extraction by employing a time-memory trade-off that simultaneously circumvents a costly corpus search while strengthening pattern nomination, which should increase accuracy. An implementation in the cyber-security domain is discussed as well as challenges to Natural Language Processing imposed by the security domain. C1 [McNeil, Nikki] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Dept Math, Baltimore, MD 21228 USA. [Bridges, Robert A.; Iannacone, Michael D.; Goodall, John R.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Computat Sci & Engn Div, Oak Ridge, TN USA. [Czejdo, Bogdan] Fayetteville State Univ, Dept Comp Sci, Fayetteville, NC USA. [Perez, Nicolas] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Comp Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP McNeil, N (reprint author), Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Dept Math, Baltimore, MD 21228 USA. EM ncmcneiL1@umbc.edu; bridgesra@ornl.gov; iannaconemd@ornl.gov; bcezjdo@uncfsu.edu; neperez@ncsu.edu; jgoodall@ornl.gov NR 12 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-0-7695-5144-9 PY 2013 BP 60 EP 65 DI 10.1109/ICMLA.2013.106 PG 6 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Computer Science GA BC5YB UT WOS:000353638700010 ER PT J AU Ushizima, DM Gomes, AH Carneiro, CM Bianchi, AGC AF Ushizima, Daniela M. Gomes, Alessandra H. Carneiro, Claudia M. Bianchi, Andrea G. C. BE Wani, MA Tecuci, G Boicu, M Kubat, M Khoshgoftaar, TM Seliya, N TI Automated Pap Smear Cell Analysis: Optimizing the Cervix Cytological Examination SO 2013 12TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MACHINE LEARNING AND APPLICATIONS (ICMLA 2013), VOL 2 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Conference on Machine Learning and Applications (ICMLA) CY DEC 04-07, 2013 CL Miami, FL SP Assoc Machine Learning & Applicat, IEEE, IEEE Comp Soc AB Cervical cancer screening is one of the most widespread tests in the world, and the acquisition of digital images of Pap smears is about to become part of the laboratories routine. The ability to collect these standard exam data has increased drastically, and available tools for image analysis and quantification are not accurate and/or customized enough to deliver relevant information about the image content. Aiming at enabling pathology laboratories to deal with large amounts of digitized Pap smears slides, we propose to design computer vision algorithms for quantitative analysis and pattern recognition from 2D images. The goal is to bring high technology to laboratories focused on underserved communities of women for the prevention of cervical cancer; in these public health care institutions, there is no perspective of using "omics" data in the medium term, but only clinical annotations and Pap smears slides. Here, we describe our project and propose computational tools adapted to this application, addressing the needs from end-to-end, including enhancement, noise minimization, segmentation of regions of interest, extraction and classification of objects. C1 [Ushizima, Daniela M.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Visualizat Grp, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Gomes, Alessandra H.; Carneiro, Claudia M.] Univ Fed Ouro Preto, Immunopathol Lab, BR-35400 Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil. [Bianchi, Andrea G. C.] Univ Fed Ouro Preto, Dept Phys, BR-35400 Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil. RP Ushizima, DM (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Visualizat Grp, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM dushizima@lbl.gov; hgalessandra@gmail.com; carneiro@ef.ufop.br; andrea@iceb.ufop.br RI Bianchi, Andrea/D-5745-2016 NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-0-7695-5144-9 PY 2013 BP 441 EP 444 DI 10.1109/ICMLA.2013.194 PG 4 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Computer Science GA BC5YB UT WOS:000353638700078 ER PT B AU Ng, PK Fisher, B Lilley, CM AF Ng, Poh-Keong Fisher, Brandon Lilley, Carmen M. GP IEEE TI Scanning Tunneling Microscopy and Spectroscopy Studies of Self Assembled Sub 10 nm Copper-Silicide Nanostructures on Si(110) SO 2013 13TH IEEE CONFERENCE ON NANOTECHNOLOGY (IEEE-NANO) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 13th IEEE Conference on Nanotechnology (IEEE-NANO) CY AUG 05-08, 2013 CL Beijing, PEOPLES R CHINA SP IEEE, IEEE Nanotechnol Council, China Assoc Sci & Technol, Chinese Acad Sci, Chinese Acad Engn, Chinese Soc Micro Nano Technol, Natl Nat Sci Fdn China, Natl Sci Fdn, Tsinghua Univ, State Key Lab Tribol, City Univ Hong Kong, NeoUnion ESC Org, Harbin Inst Technol, State Key Lab Robot Technol & Syst, Xian Jiaotong Univ, State Key Lab Mfg Syst Engn, Peking Univ, Natl Key Lab Sci & Technol Micro Nano Fabricat, Shanghai Jiaotong Univ, Natl Key Lab Sci & Technol Micro Nano Fabricat, Huazhong Univ Sci & Technol, State Key Lab Digital Mfg Equipment & Technol, N Univ China, Micro & Nano Technol Res Ctr, Pk Syst, German Tech, Zurich Instruments Ltd, Stella Co, Techcomp Ltd, AIXTRON SE, Pho Imaging Ltd, Nano Precis Corp, Nanopolis Suzhou Co DE Self assembly; Cu3Si; nanoisland; nanowire and scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) ID NANOWIRES; SI; MOBILITY; SURFACE AB Self assembled Cu3Si nanoislands and nanowires on Si(110) were fabricated with electron beam evaporation in ultra high vacuum while annealing the substrate at 600 degrees C. Scanning tunneling microscopy technique was used to study the resultant nanostructures of sub 10 nm size. Surface images of a nanoisland and nanowire were obtained. The former showed evidence of single crystalline structures. The length, width, and height dimensions of the nanoisland and nanowire were similar to 100 nm x 30 nm x 6 nm and 75 nm x 12.5 nm x 3 nm, respectively. Scanning tunneling spectroscopy on both the nanostructures performed to obtain their local density of states. Both nanostructures did not exhibit metallic behavior. C1 [Ng, Poh-Keong] Univ Illinois, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. [Fisher, Brandon] Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Nanoscale Mat, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Lilley, Carmen M.] Univ Illinois, Dept Mech & Ind Engn, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. RP Ng, PK (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. EM clilley@uic.edu FU NSF ARRA CAREER grant [CMMI-0846814]; Center for Nanoscale Materials (CNM) in the Argonne National Laboratory, IL; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science; Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-6CH11357] FX This research is sponsored by a NSF ARRA CAREER grant (CMMI-0846814). Use of the Center for Nanoscale Materials (CNM) in the Argonne National Laboratory, IL, was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-6CH11357. The authors would like to thank Dr. Nathan Guisinger from the Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory for his technical expertise and comments. NR 25 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4799-0675-8; 978-1-4799-0676-5 PY 2013 BP 105 EP 109 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics GA BB8EU UT WOS:000346488300023 ER PT J AU Javanainen, A Ferlet-Cavrois, V Bosser, A Jaatinen, J Kettunen, H Muschitiello, M Pintacuda, F Rossi, M Schwank, JR Shaneyfelt, MR Virtanen, A AF Javanainen, Arto Ferlet-Cavrois, Veronique Bosser, Alexandre Jaatinen, Jukka Kettunen, Heikki Muschitiello, Michele Pintacuda, Francesco Rossi, Mikko Schwank, James R. Shaneyfelt, Marty R. Virtanen, Ari GP IEEE TI SEGR in SiO2-Si3N4 stacks SO 2013 14TH EUROPEAN CONFERENCE ON RADIATION AND ITS EFFECTS ON COMPONENTS AND SYSTEMS (RADECS) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 14th European Conference on Radiation and its Effects on Components and Systems (RADECS) CY SEP 23-27, 2013 CL Oxford, ENGLAND SP Synergy Hlth plc, RADECS Assoc, IEEE, Nucl & Plasma Sci Soc, AWE, Intersil, Peregrine Semicond DE SEGR; semi-empirical; MOS; SiO2; Si3N4; modeling AB This work presents experimental Single Event Gate Rupture (SEGR) data for Metal Insulator Semiconductor (MIS) devices, where the gate dielectrics are made of stacked SiO2-Si3N4 structures. A semi-empirical model for predicting the critical gate voltage in these structures under heavy-ion exposure is first proposed. Then interrelationship between SEGR cross-section and heavy-ion induced energy deposition probability in thin dielectric layers is discussed. Qualitively, a connection between the energy deposition in the dielectric and the SEGR is shown. C1 [Javanainen, Arto; Bosser, Alexandre; Jaatinen, Jukka; Kettunen, Heikki; Rossi, Mikko; Virtanen, Ari] Univ Jyvaskyla, Dept Phys, POB 35 YFL, FI-40014 Jyvaskyla, Finland. [Ferlet-Cavrois, Veronique; Muschitiello, Michele] ESTEC, European Space Agcy, Noordwijk, Netherlands. [Pintacuda, Francesco] STMicroelect SRL, Catania, Italy. [Schwank, James R.; Shaneyfelt, Marty R.] Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Javanainen, A (reprint author), Univ Jyvaskyla, Dept Phys, POB 35 YFL, FI-40014 Jyvaskyla, Finland. EM arto.javanainen@jyu.fi RI Javanainen, Arto/P-6355-2016 OI Javanainen, Arto/0000-0001-7906-3669 FU Academy of Finland under the Finnish Centre of Excellence Programmes [213503, 2513553]; European Space Agency (ESA/ESTEC [18197/04/NL/CP]; Defense Threat Reduction Agency [IACRO 11-4466I]; U. S. Department of Energy.; U.S. Department of Energys National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000.] FX This work has been supported by the Academy of Finland under the Finnish Centre of Excellence Programmes 2006-2011 and 2012-2017 (Project No:s 213503 and 2513553, Nuclear and Accelerator Based Physics) and European Space Agency (ESA/ESTEC Contract 18197/04/NL/CP). The portion of this work performed at Sandia National Laboratories was supported by the Defense Threat Reduction Agency under IACRO 11-4466I and the U. S. Department of Energy. Sandia National Laboratories is a multi-program laboratory managed and operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corporation, for the U.S. Department of Energys National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4673-5057-0 PY 2013 PG 5 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Information Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Computer Science; Engineering; Physics GA BC0JL UT WOS:000349119800090 ER PT S AU Zhao, X Balaji, P Gropp, W Thakur, R AF Zhao, Xin Balaji, Pavan Gropp, William Thakur, Rajeev GP IEEE TI MPI-Interoperable Generalized Active Messages SO 2013 19TH IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON PARALLEL AND DISTRIBUTED SYSTEMS (ICPADS 2013) SE International Conference on Parallel and Distributed Systems - Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 19th IEEE International Conference on Parallel and Distributed Systems (ICPADS) CY DEC 15-18, 2013 CL Seoul, SOUTH KOREA SP IEEE, IEEE Comp Soc, Tech Comm Distributed Proc, Tech Comm Parallel Proc, Korean Inst Informat Scientists & Engineers, Intel, HP, Nvidia, Samsung, Postech, Ctr Mobile Embedded Software Technol, ManyCoreSoft AB Data-intensive applications have become increasingly important in recent years, yet traditional data movement approaches for scientific computation are not well suited for such applications. The Active Message (AM) model is an alternative communication paradigm that is better suited for such applications by allowing computation to be dynamically moved closer to data. Given the wide usage of MPI in scientific computing, enabling an MPI-interoperable AM paradigm would allow traditional applications to incrementally start utilizing AMs in portions of their applications, thus eliminating the programming effort of rewriting entire applications. In our previous work, we extended the MPI ACCUMULATE and MPI GET ACCUMULATE operations in the MPI standard to support AMs. However, the semantics of accumulate-style AMs are fundamentally restricted by the semantics of MPI ACCUMULATE and MPI GET ACCUMULATE, which were not designed to support the AM model. In this paper, we present a new generalized framework for MPI-interoperable AMs that can alleviate those restrictions, thus providing a richer semantics to accommodate a wide variety of application computational patterns. Together with a new API, we present a detailed description of the correctness semantics of this functionality and a reference implementation that demonstrates how various API choices affect the flexibility provided to the MPI implementation and consequently its performance. C1 [Zhao, Xin; Gropp, William] Univ Illinois, Champaign, IL USA. [Balaji, Pavan; Thakur, Rajeev] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Zhao, X (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Champaign, IL USA. EM xinzhao3@illinois.edu; balaji@mcs.anl.gov; wgropp@illinois.edu; thakur@mcs.anl.gov OI Gropp, William/0000-0003-2905-3029 NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1521-9097 BN 978-1-4799-2081-5 J9 INT C PAR DISTRIB SY PY 2013 BP 200 EP 207 DI 10.1109/ICPADS.2013.38 PG 8 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture SC Computer Science GA BC7XT UT WOS:000355315600023 ER PT S AU Panwar, LS Aji, AM Meng, JY Balaji, P Feng, WC AF Panwar, Lokendra S. Aji, Ashwin M. Meng, Jiayuan Balaji, Pavan Feng, Wu-chun GP IEEE TI Online Performance Projection for Clusters with Heterogeneous GPUs SO 2013 19TH IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON PARALLEL AND DISTRIBUTED SYSTEMS (ICPADS 2013) SE International Conference on Parallel and Distributed Systems - Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 19th IEEE International Conference on Parallel and Distributed Systems (ICPADS) CY DEC 15-18, 2013 CL Seoul, SOUTH KOREA SP IEEE, IEEE Comp Soc, Tech Comm Distributed Proc, Tech Comm Parallel Proc, Korean Inst Informat Scientists & Engineers, Intel, HP, Nvidia, Samsung, Postech, Ctr Mobile Embedded Software Technol, ManyCoreSoft AB We present a fully automated approach to project the relative performance of an OpenCL program over different GPUs. Performance projections can be made within a small amount of time, and the projection overhead stays relatively constant with the input data size. As a result, the technique can help runtime tools make dynamic decisions about which GPU would run faster for a given kernel. Usage cases of this technique include scheduling or migrating GPU workloads over a heterogeneous cluster with different types of GPUs. C1 [Panwar, Lokendra S.; Aji, Ashwin M.; Feng, Wu-chun] Virginia Tech, Dept Comp Sci, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Balaji, Pavan] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Math & Comp Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Meng, Jiayuan] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne Leadership Comp Facil, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Panwar, LS (reprint author), Virginia Tech, Dept Comp Sci, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. EM lokendra@cs.vt.edu; aaji@cs.vt.edu; jmeng@alcf.anl.gov; balaji@mcs.anl.gov; feng@cs.vt.edu NR 25 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1521-9097 BN 978-1-4799-2081-5 J9 INT C PAR DISTRIB SY PY 2013 BP 283 EP 290 DI 10.1109/ICPADS.2013.48 PG 8 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture SC Computer Science GA BC7XT UT WOS:000355315600032 ER PT S AU Wu, H Ren, SP Garzoglio, G Timm, S Bernabeu, G Kim, HW Chadwick, K Jang, H Noh, SY AF Wu, Hao Ren, Shangping Garzoglio, Gabriele Timm, Steven Bernabeu, Gerard Kim, Hyun Woo Chadwick, Keith Jang, Haengjin Noh, Seo-Young GP IEEE TI Automatic Cloud Bursting under FermiCloud SO 2013 19TH IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON PARALLEL AND DISTRIBUTED SYSTEMS (ICPADS 2013) SE International Conference on Parallel and Distributed Systems - Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 19th IEEE International Conference on Parallel and Distributed Systems (ICPADS) CY DEC 15-18, 2013 CL Seoul, SOUTH KOREA SP IEEE, IEEE Comp Soc, Tech Comm Distributed Proc, Tech Comm Parallel Proc, Korean Inst Informat Scientists & Engineers, Intel, HP, Nvidia, Samsung, Postech, Ctr Mobile Embedded Software Technol, ManyCoreSoft AB Cloud computing is changing the infrastructure upon which scientific computing depends from supercomputers and distributed computing clusters to a more elastic cloud-based structure. The service-oriented focus and elasticity of clouds can not only facilitate technology needs of emerging business but also shorten response time and reduce operational costs of traditional scientific applications. Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (Fermilab) is currently in the process of building its own private cloud, FermiCloud, which allows the existing grid infrastructure to use dynamically provisioned resources on FermiCloud to accommodate increased but dynamic computation demand from scientists in the domains of High Energy Physics (HEP) and other research areas. Cloud infrastructure also allows to increase a private cloud's resource capacity through "bursting" by borrowing or renting resources from other community or commercial clouds when needed. This paper introduces a joint project on building a cloud federation to support HEP applications between Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory and Korea Institution of Science and Technology Information, with technical contributions from the Illinois Institute of Technology. In particular, this paper presents two recent accomplishments of the joint project: (a) cloud bursting automation and (b) load balancer. Automatic cloud bursting allows computer resources to be dynamically reconfigured to meet users' demands. The load balance algorithm which the cloud bursting depends on decides when and where new resources need to be allocated. Our preliminary prototyping and experiments have shown promising success, yet, they also have opened new challenges to be studied. C1 [Wu, Hao; Ren, Shangping] IIT, Chicago, IL 60616 USA. [Wu, Hao; Garzoglio, Gabriele; Timm, Steven; Bernabeu, Gerard; Kim, Hyun Woo; Chadwick, Keith] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. [Jang, Haengjin; Noh, Seo-Young] Korea Inst Sci & Technol Informat, Natl Inst Supercomput & Networking, Taejon, South Korea. RP Wu, H (reprint author), IIT, 10 W 31st St,013, Chicago, IL 60616 USA. EM hwu28@iit.edu; ren@iit.edu; garzogli@fnal.gov; timm@fnal.gov; gerard1@fnal.gov; hyunwoo@fnal.gov; chadwick@fnal.gov; hjjang@kisti.re.kr; rsyoung@kisti.re.kr NR 11 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1521-9097 BN 978-1-4799-2081-5 J9 INT C PAR DISTRIB SY PY 2013 BP 681 EP 686 DI 10.1109/ICPADS.2013.121 PG 6 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture SC Computer Science GA BC7XT UT WOS:000355315600104 ER PT S AU Rodriguez, P Wohlberg, B AF Rodriguez, Paul Wohlberg, Brendt GP IEEE TI FAST PRINCIPAL COMPONENT PURSUIT VIA ALTERNATING MINIMIZATION SO 2013 20TH IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON IMAGE PROCESSING (ICIP 2013) SE IEEE International Conference on Image Processing ICIP LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 20th IEEE International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP) CY SEP 15-18, 2013 CL Melbourne, AUSTRALIA SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, IEEE Signal Proc Soc DE Principal Component Pursuit; Video Background Modeling AB We propose a simple alternating minimization algorithm for solving a minor variation on the original Principal Component Pursuit (PCP) functional. In computational experiments in the video background modeling problem, the proposed algorithm is able to deliver a consistent sparse approximation even after the first outer loop, (taking approximately 12 seconds for a 640 x 480 x 400 color test video) which is approximately an order of magnitude faster than Inexact ALM to construct a sparse component of the same quality. C1 [Rodriguez, Paul] Pontificia Univ Catolica Peru, Dept Elect Engn, Lima, Peru. [Wohlberg, Brendt] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Appl Math & Plasma Phys T5, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Rodriguez, P (reprint author), Pontificia Univ Catolica Peru, Dept Elect Engn, Lima, Peru. RI Wohlberg, Brendt/M-7764-2015 OI Wohlberg, Brendt/0000-0002-4767-1843 NR 16 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1522-4880 BN 978-1-4799-2341-0 J9 IEEE IMAGE PROC PY 2013 BP 69 EP 73 PG 5 WC Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA BC3FD UT WOS:000351597600015 ER PT S AU Zhang, ZZ Cao, JJ Zhong, GY Liu, WY Su, ZX AF Zhang, Zhenzhen Cao, Junjie Zhong, Guangyu Liu, Wangyi Su, Zhixun GP IEEE TI OBJECT LEVEL IMAGE SALIENCY BY HIERARCHICAL SEGMENTATION SO 2013 20TH IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON IMAGE PROCESSING (ICIP 2013) SE IEEE International Conference on Image Processing ICIP LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 20th IEEE International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP) CY SEP 15-18, 2013 CL Melbourne, AUSTRALIA SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, IEEE Signal Proc Soc DE Object level image saliency; hierarchical segmentation; random walks; heat diffusion AB Conventional saliency detection approaches are human fixation detection and single dominant region detection. However, real-world photographs usually consist of multiple dominant regions. We propose a saliency detection method with the aim to highlight objects as a whole and distinguish objects with different saliency levels. It combines the bottom-up approach and top-down approach via two nested levels of hierarchical segmentations - the coarse level objects and fine level details. We first calculate a preliminary saliency on the fine patches with a random walk model. Then a location cue and an object-level cue are fused to refine the preliminary saliency to emphasize the objects against the background. At last, the object-level saliency map is synthesized via a heat diffusion process restricted by the coarse level patches to enhance object saliency and distinguish saliency between different objects. Extensive evaluation on a publicly available database verifies that our method outperforms the state-of-the-art algorithms. C1 [Zhang, Zhenzhen; Cao, Junjie; Zhong, Guangyu; Su, Zhixun] Dalian Univ Technol, Dalian, Peoples R China. [Liu, Wangyi] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA USA. RP Zhang, ZZ (reprint author), Dalian Univ Technol, Dalian, Peoples R China. NR 11 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1522-4880 BN 978-1-4799-2341-0 J9 IEEE IMAGE PROC PY 2013 BP 1772 EP 1776 PG 5 WC Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA BC3FD UT WOS:000351597601179 ER PT S AU Arumugam, K Godunov, A Ranjan, D Terzic, B Zuhair, M AF Arumugam, Kamesh Godunov, Alexander Ranjan, Desh Terzic, Balsa Zuhair, Mohammad GP IEEE TI A Memory Efficient Algorithm for Adaptive Multidimensional Integration with Multiple GPUs SO 2013 20TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON HIGH PERFORMANCE COMPUTING (HIPC) SE International Conference on High Performance Computing LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 20th International Conference on High Performance Computing (HiPC) CY DEC 18-21, 2013 CL Bangalore, INDIA SP Shell India, IEEE Comp Soc Tech Comm Parallel Proc, ACM, CSIR, CCMB, NGRI, IIT Delhi, IIT Madras, IIT Hyderabad, NARL, nVidia, Wipro, Intel, Mellanox, Boston, Google, IBM, Netapp ID QUADRATURE AB We present a memory-efficient algorithm and its implementation for solving multidimensional numerical integration on a cluster of compute nodes with multiple GPU devices per node. The effective use of shared memory is important for improving the performance on GPUs, because of the bandwidth limitation of the global memory. The best known sequential algorithm for multidimensional numerical integration CUHRE uses a large dynamic heap data structure which is accessed frequently. Devising a GPU algorithm that caches a part of this data structure in the shared memory so as to minimizes global memory access is a challenging task. The algorithm presented here addresses this problem. Furthermore we propose a technique to scale this algorithm to multiple GPU devices. The algorithm was implemented on a cluster of Intel (R) Xeon (R) CPU X5650 compute nodes with 4 Tesla M2090 GPU devices per node. We observed a speedup of up to 240 on a single GPU device as compared to a speedup of 70 when memory optimization was not used. On a cluster of 6 nodes (24 GPU devices) we were able to obtain a speedup of up to 3250. All speedups here are with reference to the sequential implementation running on the compute node. C1 [Arumugam, Kamesh; Ranjan, Desh; Zuhair, Mohammad] Old Dominion Univ, Dept Comp Sci, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA. [Arumugam, Kamesh; Godunov, Alexander; Ranjan, Desh; Terzic, Balsa; Zuhair, Mohammad] Old Dominion Univ, Ctr Accelerator Sci, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA. [Godunov, Alexander] Old Dominion Univ, Dept Phys, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA. [Terzic, Balsa] Ctr Adv Studies Accelerators, Jefferson Lab, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. RP Arumugam, K (reprint author), Old Dominion Univ, Dept Comp Sci, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA. NR 20 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1094-7256 BN 978-1-4799-0729-8 J9 INT C HIGH PERFORM PY 2013 BP 169 EP 175 PG 7 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BC6AE UT WOS:000353685400018 ER PT S AU Game, M Rodero, I Parashar, M Poole, S AF Game, Marc Rodero, Ivan Parashar, Manish Poole, Stephen GP IEEE TI Exploring Energy and Performance Behaviors of Data-Intensive Scientific Workflows on Systems with Deep Memory Hierarchies SO 2013 20TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON HIGH PERFORMANCE COMPUTING (HIPC) SE International Conference on High Performance Computing LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 20th International Conference on High Performance Computing (HiPC) CY DEC 18-21, 2013 CL Bangalore, INDIA SP Shell India, IEEE Comp Soc Tech Comm Parallel Proc, ACM, CSIR, CCMB, NGRI, IIT Delhi, IIT Madras, IIT Hyderabad, NARL, nVidia, Wipro, Intel, Mellanox, Boston, Google, IBM, Netapp AB The increasing gap between the rate at which large scale scientific simulations generate data and the corresponding storage speeds and capacities is leading to more complex system architectures with deep memory hierarchies. Advances in non-volatile memory (NVRAM) technology have made it an attractive candidate as intermediate storage in this memory hierarchy to address the latency and performance gap between main memory and disk storage. As a result, it is important to understand and model its energy/performance behavior from an application perspective as well as how it can be effectively used for staging data within an application workflow. In this paper, we target a NVRAM-based deep memory hierarchy and explore its potential for supporting in-situ/in-transit data analytics pipelines that are part of application workflows patterns. Specifically, we model the memory hierarchy and experimentally explore energy/performance behaviors of different data management strategies and data exchange patterns, as well as the tradeoffs associated with data placement, data movement and data processing. C1 [Game, Marc; Rodero, Ivan; Parashar, Manish] Rutgers State Univ, Rutgers Discovery Informat Inst, NSF Cloud & Auton Comp Ctr, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. [Poole, Stephen] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Comp Sci & Math, Oak Ridge, TN USA. [Poole, Stephen] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, NCCS Div, Oak Ridge, TN USA. RP Game, M (reprint author), Rutgers State Univ, Rutgers Discovery Informat Inst, NSF Cloud & Auton Comp Ctr, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. EM mgamell@cac.rutgers.edu; irodero@cac.rutgers.edu; parashar@cac.rutgers.edu; spoole@ornl.gov NR 36 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1094-7256 BN 978-1-4799-0729-8 J9 INT C HIGH PERFORM PY 2013 BP 226 EP 235 PG 10 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BC6AE UT WOS:000353685400024 ER PT S AU Sreepathi, S Sripathi, V Mills, R Hammond, G Mahinthakumar, GK AF Sreepathi, Sarat Sripathi, Vamsi Mills, Richard Hammond, Glenn Mahinthakumar, G. Kumar GP IEEE TI SCORPIO: A Scalable Two-Phase Parallel I/O Library With Application To A Large Scale Subsurface Simulator SO 2013 20TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON HIGH PERFORMANCE COMPUTING (HIPC) SE International Conference on High Performance Computing LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 20th International Conference on High Performance Computing (HiPC) CY DEC 18-21, 2013 CL Bangalore, INDIA SP Shell India, IEEE Comp Soc Tech Comm Parallel Proc, ACM, CSIR, CCMB, NGRI, IIT Delhi, IIT Madras, IIT Hyderabad, NARL, nVidia, Wipro, Intel, Mellanox, Boston, Google, IBM, Netapp DE Parallel I/O; High Performance Computing; Subsurface modeling AB Inefficient parallel I/O is known to be a major bottleneck among scientific applications employed on supercomputers as the number of processor cores grows into the thousands. Our prior experience indicated that parallel I/O libraries such as HDF5 that rely on MPI-IO do not scale well beyond 10K processor cores, especially on parallel file systems (like Lustre) with single point of resource contention. Our previous optimization efforts for a massively parallel multi-phase and multi-component subsurface simulator (PFLOTRAN) led to a two-phase I/O approach at the application level where a set of designated processes participate in the I/O process by splitting the I/O operation into a communication phase and a disk I/O phase. The designated I/O processes are created by splitting the MPI global communicator into multiple sub-communicators. The root process in each sub-communicator is responsible for performing the I/O operations for the entire group and then distributing the data to rest of the group. This approach resulted in over 25X speedup in HDF I/O read performance and 3X speedup in write performance for PFLOTRAN at over 100K processor cores on the ORNL Jaguar supercomputer. This research describes the design and development of a general purpose parallel I/O library called Scorpio that incorporates our optimized two-phase I/O approach. The library provides a simplified higher level abstraction to the user, sitting atop existing parallel I/O libraries (such as HDF5) and implements optimized I/O access patterns that can scale on larger number of processors. Performance results with standard benchmark problems and PFLOTRAN indicate that our library is able to maintain the same speedups as before with the added flexibility of being applicable to a wider range of I/O intensive applications. C1 [Sreepathi, Sarat; Mills, Richard] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. [Sripathi, Vamsi] Intel Corp, Hillsboro, OR 97124 USA. [Hammond, Glenn] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Mahinthakumar, G. Kumar] N Carolina State Univ, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Sreepathi, S (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. EM sarat@ornl.gov; vamsi.sripathi@intel.com; rtm@eecs.utk.edu; glenn.hammond@pnnl.gov; gmkumar@ncsu.edu NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1094-7256 BN 978-1-4799-0729-8 J9 INT C HIGH PERFORM PY 2013 BP 443 EP 451 PG 9 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BC6AE UT WOS:000353685400047 ER PT S AU Basu, P Venkat, A Hall, M Williams, S Van Straalen, B Oliker, L AF Basu, Protonu Venkat, Anand Hall, Mary Williams, Samuel Van Straalen, Brian Oliker, Leonid GP IEEE TI Compiler Generation and Autotuning of Communication-Avoiding Operators for Geometric Multigrid SO 2013 20TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON HIGH PERFORMANCE COMPUTING (HIPC) SE International Conference on High Performance Computing LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 20th International Conference on High Performance Computing (HiPC) CY DEC 18-21, 2013 CL Bangalore, INDIA SP Shell India, IEEE Comp Soc Tech Comm Parallel Proc, ACM, CSIR, CCMB, NGRI, IIT Delhi, IIT Madras, IIT Hyderabad, NARL, nVidia, Wipro, Intel, Mellanox, Boston, Google, IBM, Netapp ID STENCIL COMPUTATIONS AB This paper describes a compiler approach to introducing communication-avoiding optimizations in geometric multigrid (GMG), one of the most popular methods for solving partial differential equations. Communication-avoiding optimizations reduce vertical communication through the memory hierarchy and horizontal communication across processes or threads, usually at the expense of introducing redundant computation. We focus on applying these optimizations to the smooth operator, which successively reduces the error and accounts for the largest fraction of the GMG execution time. Our compiler technology applies both novel and known transformations to derive an implementation comparable to manually-tuned code. To make the approach portable, an underlying autotuning system explores the tradeoff between reduced communication and increased computation, as well as tradeoffs in threading schemes, to automatically identify the best implementation for a particular architecture and at each computation phase. Results show that we are able to quadruple the performance of the smooth operation on the finest grids while attaining performance within 94% of manually-tuned code. Overall we improve the overall multigrid solve time by 2.5x without sacrificing programer productivity. C1 [Basu, Protonu; Venkat, Anand; Hall, Mary] Univ Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. [Williams, Samuel; Van Straalen, Brian; Oliker, Leonid] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Basu, P (reprint author), Univ Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. NR 38 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1094-7256 BN 978-1-4799-0729-8 J9 INT C HIGH PERFORM PY 2013 BP 452 EP 461 PG 10 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BC6AE UT WOS:000353685400048 ER PT S AU Curtis, JA Steigerwald, A Reno, JL Tolk, NH Hilton, DJ AF Curtis, Jeremy A. Steigerwald, Andrew Reno, John L. Tolk, Norman H. Hilton, David J. GP IEEE TI Resolving Sub-Phonon Wavelength Super Lattices Using Coherent Acoustic Phonon Spectroscopy SO 2013 38TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INFRARED, MILLIMETER, AND TERAHERTZ WAVES (IRMMW-THZ) SE International Conference on Infrared Millimeter and Terahertz Waves LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 38th International Conference on Infrared, Millimeter, and Terahertz Waves (IRMMW-THz) CY SEP 01-06, 2013 CL Mainz, GERMANY SP Fraunhofer Inst Phys Measurement Tech IPM, Univ Kaiserslautern, IEEE Microwave Theory & Tech Soc, State Rhineland Palatinate, Minist Sci & Educ, OPTIMAS, Xiton Photon GmbH, Univ Kaiserslautern, Fac Phys, HUBNER, Edinburgh Instruments, Lake Shore, Anritsu Corp, Innovat Ctr Appl Syst Modeling, Optence, TRAS Inc, Advantest, Edmund Opt AB We demonstrate that various features of a complex GaAs/AlGaAs heterostructure superlattice can be resolved using coherent acoustic phonon spectroscopy (CAP) and that CAP is a viable non-destructive metrological tool in the study of stratified media. C1 [Curtis, Jeremy A.; Hilton, David J.] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Dept Phys, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. [Steigerwald, Andrew; Tolk, Norman H.] Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Phys, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. [Reno, John L.] Sandia Natl Labs, Ctr Integrated Nanotechnol, Albuquerque, NM 87103 USA. RP Curtis, JA (reprint author), Univ Alabama Birmingham, Dept Phys, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2162-2027 BN 978-1-4673-4717-4 J9 INT CONF INFRA MILLI PY 2013 PG 1 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BB7OW UT WOS:000345855300232 ER PT S AU Grady, NK Heyes, JE Chowdhury, DR Zeng, Y Reiten, MT Azad, AK Taylor, AJ Dalvit, DAR Chen, HT AF Grady, Nathaniel K. Heyes, Jane E. Chowdhury, Dibakar Roy Zeng, Yong Reiten, Matthew T. Azad, Abul K. Taylor, Antoinette J. Dalvit, Diego A. R. Chen, Hou-Tong GP IEEE TI Broadband and High-Efficiency Terahertz Metamaterial Linear Polarization Converters SO 2013 38TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INFRARED, MILLIMETER, AND TERAHERTZ WAVES (IRMMW-THZ) SE International Conference on Infrared Millimeter and Terahertz Waves LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 38th International Conference on Infrared, Millimeter, and Terahertz Waves (IRMMW-THz) CY SEP 01-06, 2013 CL Mainz, GERMANY SP Fraunhofer Inst Phys Measurement Tech IPM, Univ Kaiserslautern, IEEE Microwave Theory & Tech Soc, State Rhineland Palatinate, Minist Sci & Educ, OPTIMAS, Xiton Photon GmbH, Univ Kaiserslautern, Fac Phys, HUBNER, Edinburgh Instruments, Lake Shore, Anritsu Corp, Innovat Ctr Appl Syst Modeling, Optence, TRAS Inc, Advantest, Edmund Opt ID REFRACTION AB We demonstrate ultrathin THz metamaterials capable of high-efficiency and broadband linear polarization conversion in reflection or transmission. Through the creation of a linear phase gradient, they are further employed in the demonstration of near-perfect anomalous reflection/refraction. C1 [Grady, Nathaniel K.; Heyes, Jane E.; Chowdhury, Dibakar Roy; Zeng, Yong; Reiten, Matthew T.; Azad, Abul K.; Taylor, Antoinette J.; Dalvit, Diego A. R.; Chen, Hou-Tong] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Grady, NK (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2162-2027 BN 978-1-4673-4717-4 J9 INT CONF INFRA MILLI PY 2013 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BB7OW UT WOS:000345855300323 ER PT S AU Karl, N Reichel, K Chen, HT Taylor, AJ Brener, I Benz, A Reno, J Mendis, R Mittleman, DM AF Karl, N. Reichel, K. Chen, H. -T. Taylor, A. J. Brener, I. Benz, A. Reno, J. Mendis, R. Mittleman, D. M. GP IEEE TI An Electrically Driven Terahertz Modulator with over 20 dB of Dynamic Range SO 2013 38TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INFRARED, MILLIMETER, AND TERAHERTZ WAVES (IRMMW-THZ) SE International Conference on Infrared Millimeter and Terahertz Waves LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 38th International Conference on Infrared, Millimeter, and Terahertz Waves (IRMMW-THz) CY SEP 01-06, 2013 CL Mainz, GERMANY SP Fraunhofer Inst Phys Measurement Tech IPM, Univ Kaiserslautern, IEEE Microwave Theory & Tech Soc, State Rhineland Palatinate, Minist Sci & Educ, OPTIMAS, Xiton Photon GmbH, Univ Kaiserslautern, Fac Phys, HUBNER, Edinburgh Instruments, Lake Shore, Anritsu Corp, Innovat Ctr Appl Syst Modeling, Optence, TRAS Inc, Advantest, Edmund Opt ID TRANSMISSION AB We design and test a switchable diffraction grating based on active metamaterials for terahertz modulation. We observe off-axis diffraction which permits operation of the device as a high-contrast modulator, with better than 20 dB of dynamic range. C1 [Karl, N.; Reichel, K.; Mendis, R.; Mittleman, D. M.] Rice Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, MS 378, Houston, TX 77251 USA. [Chen, H. -T.; Taylor, A. J.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Integrat Nanotechnol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Brener, I.; Benz, A.; Reno, J.] Sandia Natl Labs, Ctr Integrat Nanotechnol, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Karl, N (reprint author), Rice Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, MS 378, Houston, TX 77251 USA. FU National Science Foundation FX This work was performed, in part, at the Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, an Office of Science User Facility operated for the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Science. Part of this work has been supported by the National Science Foundation. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2162-2027 BN 978-1-4673-4717-4 J9 INT CONF INFRA MILLI PY 2013 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BB7OW UT WOS:000345855300529 ER PT S AU Khudchenko, AV Hayton, DJ Pavelyev, DG Hovenier, JN Baryshev, AM Gao, JR Kao, TY Hu, Q Reno, JL Vaks, VL AF Khudchenko, A. V. Hayton, D. J. Pavelyev, D. G. Hovenier, J. N. Baryshev, A. M. Gao, J. R. Kao, T-Y. Hu, Q. Reno, J. L. Vaks, V. L. GP IEEE TI Phase-locking of a 3.4-THz Quantum Cascade Laser using a Harmonic Super-lattice Mixer SO 2013 38TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INFRARED, MILLIMETER, AND TERAHERTZ WAVES (IRMMW-THZ) SE International Conference on Infrared Millimeter and Terahertz Waves LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 38th International Conference on Infrared, Millimeter, and Terahertz Waves (IRMMW-THz) CY SEP 01-06, 2013 CL Mainz, GERMANY SP Fraunhofer Inst Phys Measurement Tech IPM, Univ Kaiserslautern, IEEE Microwave Theory & Tech Soc, State Rhineland Palatinate, Minist Sci & Educ, OPTIMAS, Xiton Photon GmbH, Univ Kaiserslautern, Fac Phys, HUBNER, Edinburgh Instruments, Lake Shore, Anritsu Corp, Innovat Ctr Appl Syst Modeling, Optence, TRAS Inc, Advantest, Edmund Opt AB We report on a phase locking experiment of a 3.4 THz Quantum Cascade Laser (QCL) by using only room temperature electronics. A super-lattice harmonic mixer was used to produce a bit signal between the QCL signal and the 18th harmonic of a 190 GHz reference generator. The beat signal more than 30 dB above the noise level for 1 MHz RBW was observed. Such a signal to noise ratio was sufficient to provide high quality phase-locking and synchronize to a microwave reference up to 99% of the emitted QCL power. C1 [Khudchenko, A. V.; Hayton, D. J.; Baryshev, A. M.; Gao, J. R.] SRON Netherlands Inst Space Res, Utrecht, Netherlands. [Pavelyev, D. G.] Nizhnii Novgorod State Univ, Dept Radiophys, Nizhnii Novgorod, Russia. [Hovenier, J. N.] Delft Univ Technol, Kavali Inst Nanosci, NL-2600 AA Delft, Netherlands. [Baryshev, A. M.] NOVA, Kapteyn Astronom Inst, Eindhoven, Netherlands. [Kao, T-Y.; Hu, Q.] MIT, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Reno, J. L.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM USA. [Vaks, V. L.] Russian Acad Sci, Inst Phys Microsyst, Moscow 117901, Russia. RP Khudchenko, AV (reprint author), SRON Netherlands Inst Space Res, Utrecht, Netherlands. EM Khudchenko@sron.nl NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2162-2027 BN 978-1-4673-4717-4 J9 INT CONF INFRA MILLI PY 2013 PG 1 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BB7OW UT WOS:000345855300078 ER PT S AU Lloyd-Hughes, J Jones, SPP MacManus-Driscoll, JL Bi, Z Jia, Q AF Lloyd-Hughes, James Jones, S. P. P. MacManus-Driscoll, J. L. Bi, Z. Jia, Q. GP IEEE TI Terahertz magnetoconductivity of magnetoresistive self-assembled (La0.7Sr0.3MnO3)(0.5):(ZnO)(0.5) nanocomposites SO 2013 38TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INFRARED, MILLIMETER, AND TERAHERTZ WAVES (IRMMW-THZ) SE International Conference on Infrared Millimeter and Terahertz Waves LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 38th International Conference on Infrared, Millimeter, and Terahertz Waves (IRMMW-THz) CY SEP 01-06, 2013 CL Mainz, GERMANY SP Fraunhofer Inst Phys Measurement Tech IPM, Univ Kaiserslautern, IEEE Microwave Theory & Tech Soc, State Rhineland Palatinate, Minist Sci & Educ, OPTIMAS, Xiton Photon GmbH, Univ Kaiserslautern, Fac Phys, HUBNER, Edinburgh Instruments, Lake Shore, Anritsu Corp, Innovat Ctr Appl Syst Modeling, Optence, TRAS Inc, Advantest, Edmund Opt ID FILMS AB Terahertz time-domain spectroscopy was used to probe the magnetoconductivity of nanocolumns of the colossal magnetoresistance compound La0.7Sr0.3MnO3 strained by a ZnO scaffold. The terahertz conductivity of the nanocomposite increased rapidly below the metal-insulator transition. A magnetic field enhanced the conductivity, particularly close to the metal-insulator transition. C1 [Lloyd-Hughes, James] Univ Warwick, Dept Phys, Gibbet Hill Rd, Coventry CV4 7AL, W Midlands, England. [Lloyd-Hughes, James; Jones, S. P. P.] Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, Oxford OX1 3PU, England. [MacManus-Driscoll, J. L.] Univ Cambridge, Dept Mat Sci & Met, Cambridge CB2 3QZ, England. [Bi, Z.; Jia, Q.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Integrated Nanotechnol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Lloyd-Hughes, J (reprint author), Univ Warwick, Dept Phys, Gibbet Hill Rd, Coventry CV4 7AL, W Midlands, England. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2162-2027 BN 978-1-4673-4717-4 J9 INT CONF INFRA MILLI PY 2013 PG 1 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BB7OW UT WOS:000345855300407 ER PT S AU Lohr, J Cengher, M Gorelov, YA Kolemen, E Moeller, CP Noraky, S Ponce, D Prater, R Ellis, RA AF Lohr, J. Cengher, M. Gorelov, Y. A. Kolemen, E. Moeller, C. P. Noraky, S. Ponce, D. Prater, R. Ellis, R. A. GP IEEE TI Enhancements for the DIII-D ECH System SO 2013 38TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INFRARED, MILLIMETER, AND TERAHERTZ WAVES (IRMMW-THZ) SE International Conference on Infrared Millimeter and Terahertz Waves LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 38th International Conference on Infrared, Millimeter, and Terahertz Waves (IRMMW-THz) CY SEP 01-06, 2013 CL Mainz, GERMANY SP Fraunhofer Inst Phys Measurement Tech IPM, Univ Kaiserslautern, IEEE Microwave Theory & Tech Soc, State Rhineland Palatinate, Minist Sci & Educ, OPTIMAS, Xiton Photon GmbH, Univ Kaiserslautern, Fac Phys, HUBNER, Edinburgh Instruments, Lake Shore, Anritsu Corp, Innovat Ctr Appl Syst Modeling, Optence, TRAS Inc, Advantest, Edmund Opt AB The expansion and upgrading of the electron cyclotron heating and current drive (ECH/ECCD) gyrotron complex on the DIII-D tokamak are continuing with the addition of the first of a series of depressed collector tubes in the 1 MW class. The ultimate goal is a 10 gyrotron system with rapid steering of the rf beams and full integration into the DIII-D Plasma Control System using the real time EFIT equilibrium calculation to determine the ECH/ECCD deposition locations to guide requirements for both steering and injected power. C1 [Lohr, J.; Cengher, M.; Gorelov, Y. A.; Moeller, C. P.; Noraky, S.; Ponce, D.; Prater, R.] Gen Atom Co, POB 85608, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. [Kolemen, E.; Ellis, R. A.] Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Lohr, J (reprint author), Gen Atom Co, POB 85608, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. FU US Department of Energy [DE-FC0204ER54698, DE-AC0209CH11466] FX This work was supported by the US Department of Energy under DE-FC0204ER54698 and DE-AC0209CH11466. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2162-2027 BN 978-1-4673-4717-4 J9 INT CONF INFRA MILLI PY 2013 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BB7OW UT WOS:000345855300252 ER PT S AU Turchinovich, D Hvam, JM Hoffmann, MC AF Turchinovich, Dmitry Hvam, Jorn M. Hoffmann, Matthias C. GP IEEE TI Terahertz Nonlinear Optics in Semiconductors SO 2013 38TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INFRARED, MILLIMETER, AND TERAHERTZ WAVES (IRMMW-THZ) SE International Conference on Infrared Millimeter and Terahertz Waves LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 38th International Conference on Infrared, Millimeter, and Terahertz Waves (IRMMW-THz) CY SEP 01-06, 2013 CL Mainz, GERMANY SP Fraunhofer Inst Phys Measurement Tech IPM, Univ Kaiserslautern, IEEE Microwave Theory & Tech Soc, State Rhineland Palatinate, Minist Sci & Educ, OPTIMAS, Xiton Photon GmbH, Univ Kaiserslautern, Fac Phys, HUBNER, Edinburgh Instruments, Lake Shore, Anritsu Corp, Innovat Ctr Appl Syst Modeling, Optence, TRAS Inc, Advantest, Edmund Opt AB We demonstrate the nonlinear optical effects - self-phase modulation and saturable absorption of a single-cycle THz pulse in a semiconductor. Resulting from THz-induced modulation of Drude plasma, these nonlinear optical effects, in particular, lead to self-shortening and nonlinear spectral breathing of a single-cycle THz pulse in a semiconductor. C1 [Turchinovich, Dmitry] Max Planck Inst Polymer Res, D-55128 Mainz, Germany. [Turchinovich, Dmitry; Hvam, Jorn M.] Tech Univ Denmark, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark. [Hoffmann, Matthias C.] SLAC, Linear Accelarator Lab, Menlo Pk, CA USA. RP Turchinovich, D (reprint author), Max Planck Inst Polymer Res, D-55128 Mainz, Germany. RI Hvam, Jorn/I-2987-2016 OI Hvam, Jorn/0000-0002-2429-1012 NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2162-2027 BN 978-1-4673-4717-4 J9 INT CONF INFRA MILLI PY 2013 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BB7OW UT WOS:000345855300466 ER PT S AU Budhraja, V Sopori, B Ravindra, NM Misra, D AF Budhraja, Vinay Sopori, B. Ravindra, N. M. Misra, D. GP IEEE TI Improved Dislocation Model for Silicon Solar Cells: Calculation of Dark Current SO 2013 39TH IEEE PHOTOVOLTAIC SPECIALISTS CONFERENCE (PVSC), PT 2 SE IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 39th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC) CY JUN 16-21, 2013 CL Tampa, FL SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Electron Devices Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Photon Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Power & Energy Soc, US Photovolta Mfg Consort, AZoCleantech Com, Latin Amer Renovable, Photovolta Int, PVTech, Solar Novus Today & Photon, Photon DE Continuity equation; dislocation; Green's function; modeling; multicrystalline silicon AB We have extended a previous dislocation model to include the effect of front and back surface recombination velocities in a silicon solar cell. This improved dislocation model uses Green's Function approach to solve three dimensional continuity equation in p and n layer of solar cell. Expressions for saturation current components are derived for different dislocation densities and compared with published experimental results. The modeling results also show the variation of cell parameters with dislocation density. C1 [Budhraja, Vinay] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Joined Collaborat NJIT NREL, Golden, CO USA. [Budhraja, Vinay] Univ Arkansas, Dept Elect Engn, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. [Sopori, B.] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Natl Ctr Photovolta, Golden, CO USA. [Sopori, B.] Motorola Inc, Schaumburg, IL 60196 USA. [Sopori, B.] Solavolt Int, Optoelect Anal, Phoenix, AZ USA. [Ravindra, N. M.] New Jersey Inst Technol, Interdisciplinary Program Mat Sci & Engn, Newark, NJ 07102 USA. [Misra, D.] New Jersey Inst Technol, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Newark, NJ 07102 USA. [Misra, D.] Lucent Technol, Bell Labs, VLSI Res Dept, Murray Hill, NJ USA. [Misra, D.] Electrochem Soc ECS, Pennington, NJ USA. RP Budhraja, V (reprint author), Univ Arkansas, Dept Elect Engn, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0160-8371 BN 978-1-4799-0512-6 J9 IEEE PHOT SPEC CONF PY 2013 BP 61 EP 67 PG 7 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA BH0MI UT WOS:000395580300010 ER PT S AU Vazquez-Mena, O Regan, W Byrnes, S Ergen, O Gannett, W Wang, F Zettl, A AF Vazquez-Mena, Oscar Regan, William Byrnes, Steven Ergen, Onur Gannett, Will Wang, Feng Zettl, Alex GP IEEE TI A Novel Architecture for Photovoltaic Devices: Field-effect Solar Cells Using Screening-engineered Nanoelectrodes for Silicon and Earth Abundant Cuprous Oxide SO 2013 39TH IEEE PHOTOVOLTAIC SPECIALISTS CONFERENCE (PVSC), PT 2 SE IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 39th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC) CY JUN 16-21, 2013 CL Tampa, FL SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Electron Devices Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Photon Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Power & Energy Soc, US Photovolta Mfg Consort, AZoCleantech Com, Latin Amer Renovable, Photovolta Int, PVTech, Solar Novus Today & Photon, Photon DE nanostructures; photovoltaic cells; solar energy; cuprous oxide; field effect ID CU2O AB A field effect cuprous oxide solar cell device based on a gate that controls carrier concentration in semiconductors and using screening-engineered nanostructured electrodes is presented. The cell works in inversion mode, with a top gate that forms a depletion layer and a p-n junction, and with nanostructured electrodes that collect the photocurrent across the junction. This device does not require any doping process or a heterojunction, opening a novel route for materials that are difficult to dope. As a proof of principle, we present experimental results of a silicon field effect solar cell. To demonstrate the potential of this configuration for alternative materials, we present a field-effect solar cell made of earth abundant cuprous oxide, which has a favorable band gap but that is difficult to dope. We show the synthesis of the material, the effect of the gate on the carrier concentration and a photovoltaic power conversion efficiency of 0.2%. C1 [Vazquez-Mena, Oscar] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Vazquez-Mena, O (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. FU Office of Energy Research, Materials Sciences and Engineering Division; US Department of Energy [DEAC02-05CH11231]; National Science Foundation within the Center of Integrated Nanomechanical Systems [EEC-832819]; Office of Naval Research (MURI); Swiss National Science Foundation [PBELP2-135864]; National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship FX This authors acknowledge the support from the Office of Energy Research, Materials Sciences and Engineering Division, of the US Department of Energy under contract No. DEAC02-05CH11231, from the National Science Foundation within the Center of Integrated Nanomechanical Systems, under Grant EEC-832819, and from the Office of Naval Research (MURI). O. V. acknowledges support by the Swiss National Science Foundation (PBELP2-135864) and W.R. acknowledges support through a National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship. NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0160-8371 BN 978-1-4799-0512-6 J9 IEEE PHOT SPEC CONF PY 2013 BP 83 EP 86 PG 4 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA BH0MI UT WOS:000395580300013 ER PT S AU Elasser, A Agamy, M Todorovic, MH Chi, S McCann, A Zhang, L Wang, L Tao, FF Thomas, B Sabate, J Bahadur, R Mueller, F Baxter, B Smith, B Dodge, J Gonzalez, S Fresquez, A AF Elasser, Ahmed Agamy, Mohammed Todorovic, Maja Harfman Chi, Song McCann, Adam Zhang, Li Wang, Lei Tao, Fengfeng Thomas, Bex Sabate, Juan Bahadur, Raj Mueller, Frank Baxter, Brian Smith, Brian Dodge, John Gonzalez, Sigifredo Fresquez, Armando GP IEEE TI Field Installation and Evaluation of a 20kW Rooftop PV System Using 3.5kW String Level MPPT DC/DC Converters and a Central Inverter SO 2013 39TH IEEE PHOTOVOLTAIC SPECIALISTS CONFERENCE (PVSC), PT 2 SE IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 39th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC) CY JUN 16-21, 2013 CL Tampa, FL SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Electron Devices Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Photon Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Power & Energy Soc, US Photovolta Mfg Consort, AZoCleantech Com, Latin Amer Renovable, Photovolta Int, PVTech, Solar Novus Today & Photon, Photon DE MPPT; Distributed; DC/DC Converter; Partial Power; High Energy Yield AB High energy yield has been and continues to be a major driver in PV installations. With the continuous improvement in PV modules' performance, there is a need to extract as much power as possible from the modules under various weather conditions. Over the past three years, we proposed, analyzed, built, installed, and monitored a PV system with string level MPPT dc/dc converters and a central inverter to understand and quantify the benefits of distributed MPPT. Our team performed detailed simulation studies on multiple architectures (module level to multi-string level MPPT), quantified the benefits of each architecture, selected an approach (string level), and designed a novel high efficiency partial power dc/dc converter, built it and tested it in the lab (with a PV emulator) and in the field with actual PV strings and a grid tied inverter. A rooftop installation was built with two systems side by side (a distributed and a central inverter) and has been monitored over the past 9 months. C1 [Elasser, Ahmed; Todorovic, Maja Harfman; Chi, Song; McCann, Adam; Zhang, Li; Wang, Lei; Tao, Fengfeng; Thomas, Bex; Sabate, Juan; Bahadur, Raj; Mueller, Frank] GE Global Res Ctr, Niskayuna, NY 12309 USA. [Agamy, Mohammed] Univ British Columbia, Kelowna, BC, Canada. [Baxter, Brian; Smith, Brian] GE Power & Water, Schenectady, NY USA. [Dodge, John] GE Energy Management, Rotterdam, NY USA. [Gonzalez, Sigifredo; Fresquez, Armando] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Elasser, A (reprint author), GE Global Res Ctr, Niskayuna, NY 12309 USA. FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-EE0000572] FX This work was supported in part by the U.S. Department of Energy under Grant DE-EE0000572. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0160-8371 BN 978-1-4799-0512-6 J9 IEEE PHOT SPEC CONF PY 2013 BP 87 EP 93 PG 7 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA BH0MI UT WOS:000395580300014 ER PT B AU Daw, J Tittmann, B Reinhardt, B Kohse, G Ramuhalli, P Montgomery, R Chien, HT Villard, JF Palmer, J Rempe, J AF Daw, J. Tittmann, B. Reinhardt, B. Kohse, G. Ramuhalli, P. Montgomery, R. Chien, H-T. Villard, J-F Palmer, J. Rempe, J. BE Merelli, D TI Irradiation Testing of Ultrasonic Transducers SO 2013 3RD INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ADVANCEMENTS IN NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTATION, MEASUREMENT METHODS AND THEIR APPLICATIONS (ANIMMA) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Conference on Advancements in Nuclear Instrumentation, Measurement Methods and their Applications (ANIMMA) CY JUN 23-27, 2013 CL Marseille, FRANCE SP IEEE, IEEE Nucl & Plasma Sci Soc DE In-Pile Instrumentation; Material and Test Reactors; Ultrasonic Transducers ID RADIATION-DAMAGE; VELOCITY AB Ultrasonic technologies offer the potential for high accuracy and resolution in-pile measurement of numerous parameters, including geometry changes, temperature, crack initiation and growth, gas pressure and composition, and microstructural changes. Many Department of Energy-Office of Nuclear Energy (DOE-NE) programs are exploring the use of ultrasonic technologies to provide enhanced sensors for in-pile instrumentation during irradiation testing. For example, the ability of single, small diameter ultrasonic thermometers (UTs) to provide a temperature profile in candidate metallic and oxide fuel would provide much needed data for validating new fuel performance models. Other efforts include an ultrasonic technique to detect morphology changes (such as crack initiation and growth) and acoustic techniques to evaluate fission gas composition and pressure. These efforts are limited by the lack of existing knowledge of ultrasonic transducer material survivability under irradiation conditions. To address this need, the Pennsylvania State University (PSU) was awarded an Advanced Test Reactor National Scientific User Facility (ATR NSUF) project to evaluate promising magnetostrictive and piezoelectric transducer performance in the Massachusetts Institute of Technology Research Reactor (MITR) up to a fast fluence of at least 10(21) n/cm(2) (E> 0.1 MeV). This test will be an instrumented lead test; and real-time transducer performance data will be collected along with temperature and neutron and gamma flux data. By characterizing magnetostrictive and piezoelectric transducer survivability during irradiation, test results will enable the development of novel radiation tolerant ultrasonic sensors for use in Material and Test Reactors (MTRs). The current work bridges the gap between proven out-of-pile ultrasonic techniques and in-pile deployment of ultrasonic sensors by acquiring the data necessary to demonstrate the performance of ultrasonic transducers. C1 [Daw, J.; Palmer, J.; Rempe, J.] Idaho Natl Lab, POB 1625,MS 4112, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. [Tittmann, B.; Reinhardt, B.] Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Kohse, G.] MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Ramuhalli, P.; Montgomery, R.] Pacific Northwestern Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99354 USA. [Chien, H-T.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Villard, J-F] Commissariat Energie Atom & Energies Alternat, Ctr Etudes Cadarache, F-13108 St Paul Les Durance, France. RP Daw, J (reprint author), Idaho Natl Lab, POB 1625,MS 4112, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. EM Joshua.Daw@inl.gov FU US Department of Energy; Office of Nuclear Energy, Science, and Technology; DOE-NE Idaho Operations Office [DE AC07 05ID14517] FX Work supported by the US Department of Energy, Office of Nuclear Energy, Science, and Technology, under DOE-NE Idaho Operations Office Contract DE AC07 05ID14517. NR 22 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4799-1046-5; 978-1-4799-1047-2 PY 2013 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology GA BB8TG UT WOS:000347423600227 ER PT B AU LaFleur, AM Croft, S Mayer, RL Swinhoe, MT Mayo, DR Sapp, BA AF LaFleur, Adrienne M. Croft, Stephen Mayer, Richard L. Swinhoe, Martyn T. Mayo, Douglas R. Sapp, Benjamin A. BE Merelli, D TI Traceable Determination of the Absolute Neutron Emission Yields of UO2F2 Working Reference Materials SO 2013 3RD INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ADVANCEMENTS IN NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTATION, MEASUREMENT METHODS AND THEIR APPLICATIONS (ANIMMA) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Conference on Advancements in Nuclear Instrumentation, Measurement Methods and their Applications (ANIMMA) CY JUN 23-27, 2013 CL Marseille, FRANCE SP IEEE, IEEE Nucl & Plasma Sci Soc DE nuclear safeguards; nondestructive assay; holdup; uranium enrichment AB The nuclear material contained in the process equipment of a uranium enrichment plant (referred to as holdup) is an important component of the overall nuclear material inventory for the plant. Accurate quantification and verification of holdup is needed to improve international safeguards and nuclear material accountancy. This is also needed for criticality safety and waste disposition. Passive neutron and gamma-ray nondestructive assay (NDA) methods are used to measure the holdup in process equipment. A key advantage of neutron measurements is that neutrons are highly penetrating and can be measured through thick walled equipment. The dominant source of neutrons in the UO2F2 holdup is from the F-19(a,n) Na-22 reaction resulting from U-234 alpha decay when uranium is enriched. There is a considerable spread between different historic determinations of the F-19(alpha,n) yield from uranium which limits the accuracy of modeling and the calibration of NDA instruments. Furthermore, the compound form and presence of water also significantly affects the neutron emission rate from the holdup. This paper describes a series of experimental measurements performed at Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) to determine the absolute neutron emission yield from 10 different UO2F2 working reference materials (WRMs) fabricated at the Portsmouth Gaseous Diffusion Plant (PGDP). The Mini Epithermal Neutron Multiplicity Counter (Mini ENMC) and a NIST certified Cf-252 neutron source were used for these measurements. The high efficiency and short die-away time of the Mini ENMC provides the high measurement precision needed to certify the neutron emission yield. The experiment was designed to achieve sub 1% accuracy in the net counting rate on each item and to provide assurance that important factors such as instrument stability, item placement and background were well understood. The traceable neutron yields measured from the WRMs were used to determine a more accurate neutron yield for the UO2F2 material. The results were compared to historical neutron emission rates. The F(alpha,n) data obtained from these measurements directly supports nuclear safeguards for NDA of uranium holdup and provides a more accurate calibration for new and existing NDA detector systems. C1 [LaFleur, Adrienne M.; Swinhoe, Martyn T.; Mayo, Douglas R.; Sapp, Benjamin A.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. [Croft, Stephen] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Mayer, Richard L.] DOE Portsmouth Paducah Project Off, Piketon, OH 45661 USA. RP LaFleur, AM (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. EM alafleur@lanl.gov; crofts@ornl.gov; Richard.Mayer@lex.doe.gov; swinhoe@lanl.gov; mayo@lanl.go; bsapp@lanl.gov FU Department of Energy National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA) Office of Nonproliferation and International Security FX We would like to acknowledge the Department of Energy National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA) Office of Nonproliferation and International Security for supporting this work. NR 22 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4799-1046-5; 978-1-4799-1047-2 PY 2013 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology GA BB8TG UT WOS:000347423600056 ER PT B AU Rempe, JL Knudson, DL Daw, JE Unruh, TC Chase, BM Davis, KL Palmer, AJ Schley, RS AF Rempe, J. L. Knudson, D. L. Daw, J. E. Unruh, T. C. Chase, B. M. Davis, K. L. Palmer, A. J. Schley, R. S. BE Merelli, D TI Advanced In-pile Instrumentation for Material and Test Reactors SO 2013 3RD INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ADVANCEMENTS IN NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTATION, MEASUREMENT METHODS AND THEIR APPLICATIONS (ANIMMA) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Conference on Advancements in Nuclear Instrumentation, Measurement Methods and their Applications (ANIMMA) CY JUN 23-27, 2013 CL Marseille, FRANCE SP IEEE, IEEE Nucl & Plasma Sci Soc DE In-pile detectors; radiation resistant sensors ID THERMAL-CONDUCTIVITY MEASUREMENT; NUCLEAR-FUELS; IRRADIATION AB The US Department of Energy sponsors the Advanced Test Reactor (ATR) National Scientific User Facility (NSUF) program to promote U.S. research in nuclear science and technology. By attracting new research users - universities, laboratories, and industry - the ATR NSUF facilitates basic and applied nuclear research and development, advancing U.S. energy security needs. A key component of the ATR NSUF effort is to design, develop, and deploy new in-pile instrumentation techniques that are capable of providing real-time measurements of key parameters during irradiation. This paper describes the strategy developed by the Idaho National Laboratory (INL) for identifying instrumentation needed for ATR irradiation tests and the program initiated to obtain these sensors. New sensors developed from this effort are identified; and the progress of other development efforts is summarized. As reported in this paper, INL staff is currently involved in several tasks to deploy real-time length and flux detection sensors, and efforts have been initiated to develop a crack growth test rig. Tasks evaluating 'advanced' technologies, such as fiber-optics based length detection and ultrasonic thermometers are also underway. In addition, specialized sensors for real-time detection of temperature and thermal conductivity are not only being provided to NSUF reactors, but are also being provided to several international test reactors. C1 [Rempe, J. L.; Knudson, D. L.; Daw, J. E.; Unruh, T. C.; Chase, B. M.; Davis, K. L.; Palmer, A. J.; Schley, R. S.] Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. RP Rempe, JL (reprint author), Idaho Natl Lab, POB 1625,MS 3840, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. EM Joy.Rempe@inl.gov RI Schley, Robert/B-9124-2017 OI Schley, Robert/0000-0001-8907-6535 NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4799-1046-5; 978-1-4799-1047-2 PY 2013 PG 11 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology GA BB8TG UT WOS:000347423600143 ER PT B AU Rempe, JL Knudson, DL AF Rempe, Joy L. Knudson, Darrell L. BE Merelli, D TI Instrumentation Performance during the TMI-2 Accident SO 2013 3RD INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ADVANCEMENTS IN NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTATION, MEASUREMENT METHODS AND THEIR APPLICATIONS (ANIMMA) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Conference on Advancements in Nuclear Instrumentation, Measurement Methods and their Applications (ANIMMA) CY JUN 23-27, 2013 CL Marseille, FRANCE SP IEEE, IEEE Nucl & Plasma Sci Soc DE Three Mile Island Unit 2; Accident Instrumentation AB The accident at the Three Mile Island Unit 2 (TMI-2) reactor provided a unique opportunity to evaluate sensors exposed to severe accident conditions. Conditions associated with the release of coolant and the hydrogen burn that occurred during this accident exposed instrumentation to harsh conditions, including direct radiation, radioactive contamination, and high humidity with elevated temperatures and pressures. As part of a program initiated by the Department of Energy Office of Nuclear Energy (DOE-NE), a review was completed to gain insights from prior TMI-2 sensor survivability and data qualification efforts. This new effort focused upon a set of sensors that provided critical data to TMI-2 operators for assessing the condition of the plant and the effects of mitigating actions taken by these operators. In addition, the effort considered sensors providing data required for subsequent accident simulations. Over 100 references related to instrumentation performance and post-accident evaluations of TMI-2 sensors and measurements were reviewed. Insights gained from this review are summarized within this paper. As noted within this paper, several techniques were invoked in the TMI-2 post-accident program to evaluate sensor survivability status and data qualification, including comparisons with data from other sensors, analytical calculations, laboratory testing, and comparisons with sensors subjected to similar conditions in large-scale integral tests and with sensors that were similar in design but more easily removed from the TMI-2 plant for evaluations. Conclusions from this review provide important insights related to sensor survivability and enhancement options for improving sensor performance. In addition, this paper provides recommendations related to sensor survivability and the data evaluation process that could be implemented in upcoming Fukushima Daiichi recovery efforts. C1 [Rempe, Joy L.; Knudson, Darrell L.] Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. RP Rempe, JL (reprint author), Idaho Natl Lab, POB 1625,MS 3840, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. EM Joy.Rempe@inl.gov NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4799-1046-5; 978-1-4799-1047-2 PY 2013 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology GA BB8TG UT WOS:000347423600156 ER PT B AU Unlu, K Celik, C Narayanan, V Hossain, TZ AF Unlu, K. Celik, C. Narayanan, V. Hossain, T. Z. BE Merelli, D TI Investigation of Critical Charge and Sensitive Volume of the Neutron Intercepting Silicon Chip (NISC) SO 2013 3RD INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ADVANCEMENTS IN NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTATION, MEASUREMENT METHODS AND THEIR APPLICATIONS (ANIMMA) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Conference on Advancements in Nuclear Instrumentation, Measurement Methods and their Applications (ANIMMA) CY JUN 23-27, 2013 CL Marseille, FRANCE SP IEEE, IEEE Nucl & Plasma Sci Soc DE Soft errors; neutron detection; simulation; Geant4 AB A model for an unconventional new neutron detection system called Neutron Intercepting Silicon Chip (NISC) is presented in this study. The NISC is being investigated at the Pennsylvania State University, Radiation Science and Engineering Center. The NISC is based on recording soft error rate in semiconductor devices. The NISC can be used to detect thermal neutrons with a neutron monitoring/detection system by enhancing soft error occurrences in the memory devices. The NISC is envisioning as a miniature, power efficient, and active/passive operation neutron sensor/detector system for weapons of mass destruction sensing and recognition for homeland security and safeguards applications. In order to model and analyze the NISC, a toolkit, named NISC Soft Error Analysis Tool (NISCSAT), was developed and analysis were performed with a simple model with B-10-enriched layer on top of the lumped silicon region in order to represent the semiconductor memory node. Soft error probability calculations are performed with both single node and array configurations to investigate the device scaling by using different node dimensions in the model. Soft error contribution due to the BPSG layer is also investigated with different B-10 content and the results will be presented. C1 [Unlu, K.] Penn State Univ, Radiat Sci & Engn Ctr, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Celik, C.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Narayanan, V.] Penn State Univ, Dept Comp Sci & Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Hossain, T. Z.] LLC, Cerium Lab, Austin, TX 78741 USA. RP Unlu, K (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Radiat Sci & Engn Ctr, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. EM kxu2@psu.edu; celikc@ornl.gov; vijay@cse.psu.edu; tim.hossain@ceriumlabs.com FU NSF; Computer and Information Science and Engineering, Computer Research Infrastructure Grants (CISE/CRI); DOE Innovations in Nuclear Infrastructure and Education Grant (INIE); Penn State Radiation Science and Engineering Center FX This project is partially funded by NSF, Computer and Information Science and Engineering, Computer Research Infrastructure Grants (CISE/CRI), DOE Innovations in Nuclear Infrastructure and Education Grant (INIE), and Penn State Radiation Science and Engineering Center. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4799-1046-5; 978-1-4799-1047-2 PY 2013 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology GA BB8TG UT WOS:000347423600051 ER PT B AU Vaccaro, S Hu, J Svedkauskaite, J Smejkal, A Schwalbach, P De Baere, P Gauld, IC AF Vaccaro, S. Hu, J. Svedkauskaite, J. Smejkal, A. Schwalbach, P. De Baere, P. Gauld, I. C. BE Merelli, D TI A New Approach to Fork Measurements Data Analysis by RADAR-CRISP and ORIGEN Integration SO 2013 3RD INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ADVANCEMENTS IN NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTATION, MEASUREMENT METHODS AND THEIR APPLICATIONS (ANIMMA) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Conference on Advancements in Nuclear Instrumentation, Measurement Methods and their Applications (ANIMMA) CY JUN 23-27, 2013 CL Marseille, FRANCE SP IEEE, IEEE Nucl & Plasma Sci Soc DE Depletion Modeling; Nuclear Safeguards; Spent Fuel Verification; Fork Detector Measurements AB Currently, in the EU, activities related to interim storage of spent fuel are constantly increasing. This is particularly true in Finland and Sweden, where final geological repository sites are planned to be operational in 2023 and 2026 respectively, but also in several other countries where fuel is moved from wet ponds to dry storage (Germany, Belgium, Spain, Czech, Bulgaria, etc). The required verification activities present a considerable challenge to the EURATOM Safeguards authority.. Both EURATOM and IAEA safeguards need to know what is in the storage casks and keep continuity of knowledge of the spent fuel. A frequently-used tool for the verification of the nuclear material during loading is the "Fork" detectors for gross gamma and neutron counting. The IT applications RADAR (Remote Acquisition of Data and Review) and CRISP (Central RADAR Inspection Support Package), developed by EURATOM, are used to acquire safeguards measurement data and to analyze them in order to verify the declarations of the nuclear plant operators. Under the framework of the U.S. DOE-EURATOM Agreement on nuclear safeguards and security, a module for automated analysis of spent fuel measurement data using the ORIGEN (Oak Ridge Isotope GENeration) code, part of the SCALE nuclear systems modeling and simulation package, has been integrated into CRISP. Measurement data are collected in an unattended mode by RADAR and then processed by CRISP, which outputs, for each fuel assembly, the measured gamma and neutron count rates. Simultaneously, ORIGEN performs burn-up calculations based on operator declarations previously entered into CRISP and calculates the expected neutron and gamma count rates for each assembly. These calculations also used response functions, developed using Monte Carlo modeling, to account for the detection probabilities of both neutron and photon particles that originated in each fuel pin. Finally, CRISP correlates and compares the expected (calculated) gamma and neutron signals with the measured values. The comparison is presented to the inspector to draw his conclusions. This paper will show initial case studies of in-field applications of the CRISP-ORIGEN approach for safeguards inspection activities during the loading of a spent fuel cask. C1 [Vaccaro, S.; Svedkauskaite, J.; Smejkal, A.; Schwalbach, P.; De Baere, P.] Nucl Safeguards, Directorate Gen Energy, European Commiss, 1 Rue H Schnadt, L-2530 Luxembourg, Luxembourg. [Hu, J.; Gauld, I. C.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. RP Vaccaro, S (reprint author), Nucl Safeguards, Directorate Gen Energy, European Commiss, 1 Rue H Schnadt, L-2530 Luxembourg, Luxembourg. EM stefano.vaccaro@ec.europa.eu FU U.S. Department of Energy NNSA under U.S.-Euratom FX This work was supported in part by the U.S. Department of Energy NNSA under the U.S.-Euratom cooperation agreement. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4799-1046-5; 978-1-4799-1047-2 PY 2013 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology GA BB8TG UT WOS:000347423600233 ER PT S AU Choi, S Zage, D AF Choi, Sung Zage, David GP IEEE TI Ephemeral Biometrics: What are they and what do they solve? SO 2013 47TH INTERNATIONAL CARNAHAN CONFERENCE ON SECURITY TECHNOLOGY (ICCST) SE International Carnahan Conference on Security Technology Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 47th International Carnahan Conference on Security Technology (ICCST) CY OCT 08-11, 2013 CL Medellin, COLOMBIA AB For critical infrastructure facilities, mitigation techniques for insider threats are primarily non-technical in nature and rely heavily on policies/procedures. Traditional access control measures (access cards, biometrics, PIN numbers, etc.) are built on a philosophy of trust that enables those with appropriate permissions to access facilities without additional monitoring or restrictions. Systems based on these measures have three main limitations: 1) access is typically bound to a single authentication occurrence; 2) the authentication factors have little impact against human (insider) threats to security systems; and 3) many of the authentication systems inconvenience end-users. In order to mitigate the aforementioned deficiencies, we propose utilizing the concept of Ephemeral Biometrics to construct strong, persistent authentication protocols. C1 [Choi, Sung; Zage, David] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Choi, S (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM schoi@sandia.gov; djzage@sandia.gov NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1071-6572 J9 INT CARN CONF SECU PY 2013 PG 6 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BD8JE UT WOS:000363988000012 ER PT S AU Dhople, SV Johnson, BB Hamadeh, AO AF Dhople, Sairaj V. Johnson, Brian B. Hamadeh, Abdullah O. GP IEEE TI Virtual Oscillator Control for Voltage Source Inverters SO 2013 51ST ANNUAL ALLERTON CONFERENCE ON COMMUNICATION, CONTROL, AND COMPUTING (ALLERTON) SE Annual Allerton Conference on Communication Control and Computing LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 51st IEEE Annual Allerton Conference on Communication, Control, and Computing CY OCT 02-04, 2013 CL Monticello, IL SP Coordinated Sci Lab, Univ Illinois, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, IEEE, IEEE Informat Theory Soc, IEEE Control Syst Soc ID DISTRIBUTED GENERATION SYSTEMS; DROOP CONTROL METHOD; AUTONOMOUS OPERATION; PARALLELED INVERTERS; MICROGRIDS; AC; CONVERTERS AB This paper summarizes a suite of methods that have recently been proposed for the control and synchronization of parallel single-and three-phase voltage source power electronics inverters. Inspired by the phenomenon of synchronization in networks of coupled oscillators, the premise of the proposed Virtual Oscillator Control (VOC) is to control an inverter such that it mimics the dynamics of a nonlinear oscillator. Consequently, the inverters synchronize their voltage outputs and share the load power in proportion to their power ratings without any communication. The VOC design philosophy and sufficient conditions for global asymptotic synchronization are outlined. Simulations validate the analytical results for a parallel system of three-phase inverters serving a constant-power load. C1 [Dhople, Sairaj V.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Johnson, Brian B.] Power Syst Engn Ctr, Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO USA. [Hamadeh, Abdullah O.] MIT, Dept Mech Engn, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. RP Dhople, SV (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. EM sdhople@umn.edu; brian.johnson@nrel.gov; ahamadeh@mit.edu NR 29 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2474-0195 BN 978-1-4799-3409-6 J9 ANN ALLERTON CONF PY 2013 BP 1359 EP 1363 PG 5 WC Automation & Control Systems; Computer Science, Information Systems; Telecommunications SC Automation & Control Systems; Computer Science; Telecommunications GA BC2EM UT WOS:000350802400189 ER PT S AU Henry, MD Shaner, E Jarecki, R AF Henry, M. D. Shaner, E. Jarecki, R. GP IEEE TI Silicon Nanowire Pirani Sensor Fabricated Using FIB Lithography SO 2013 71ST ANNUAL DEVICE RESEARCH CONFERENCE (DRC) SE IEEE Device Research Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 71st Device Research Conference (DRC) CY JUN 23-26, 2013 CL Univ Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN SP IEEE Electron Devices Soc, IEEE HO Univ Notre Dame C1 [Henry, M. D.; Shaner, E.; Jarecki, R.] Sandia Natl Labs, MESA Fabricat Facil, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Henry, MD (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, MESA Fabricat Facil, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM mdhenry@sandia.gov NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 4 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1548-3770 BN 978-1-4799-0811-0; 978-1-4799-0812-7 J9 IEEE DEVICE RES CONF PY 2013 BP 91 EP 92 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BB8TK UT WOS:000347466000051 ER PT S AU Park, SH Kharche, N Basu, D Jiang, Z Nayak, SK Weber, CE Hegde, G Haume, K Kubis, T Povolotskyi, M Klimeck, G AF Park, S. -H. Kharche, N. Basu, D. Jiang, Z. Nayak, S. K. Weber, C. E. Hegde, G. Haume, K. Kubis, T. Povolotskyi, M. Klimeck, G. GP IEEE TI Scaling Effect on Specific Contact Resistivity in Nano-scale Metal-Semiconductor Contacts SO 2013 71ST ANNUAL DEVICE RESEARCH CONFERENCE (DRC) SE IEEE Device Research Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 71st Device Research Conference (DRC) CY JUN 23-26, 2013 CL Univ Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN SP IEEE Electron Devices Soc, IEEE HO Univ Notre Dame C1 [Jiang, Z.; Hegde, G.; Haume, K.; Kubis, T.; Povolotskyi, M.; Klimeck, G.] Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Kharche, N.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Park, S. -H.; Basu, D.; Weber, C. E.] Intel Corp, Process Technol & Device Modeling Grp, Hillsboro, OR 97124 USA. RP Park, SH (reprint author), Intel Corp, Proc Technol & Device Modeling Grp, Hillsboro, OR 97124 USA. EM park43@purdue.edu RI Kharche, Neerav/F-4331-2015; Kubis, Tillmann/A-5584-2015 OI Kharche, Neerav/0000-0003-1014-6022; FU Intel Corporation; MSD / FCRP; NSF FX This work was supported by Intel Corporation, MSD / FCRP, and NSF. The use of computational resources provided by nanoHUB.org operated by the Network for Computational Nanotechnology and funded by NSF is acknowledged. NR 3 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1548-3770 BN 978-1-4799-0811-0; 978-1-4799-0812-7 J9 IEEE DEVICE RES CONF PY 2013 BP 125 EP + PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BB8TK UT WOS:000347466000068 ER PT J AU Rahman, MM Aslam, MI Gunev, DO Evans, PG AF Rahman, M. M. Aslam, M. I. Guenev, D. Oe. Evans, P. G. GP IEEE TI Experimentally Feasible Green-Light Negative Index Metamaterial SO 2013 7TH INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS ON ADVANCED ELECTROMAGNETIC MATERIALS IN MICROWAVES AND OPTICS (METAMATERIALS 2013) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Congress on Advanced Electromagnetic Materials in Microwaves and Optics (METAMATERIALS) CY SEP 16-19, 2013 CL Bordeaux, FRANCE AB We propose a novel green-light plasmonic negative index metamaterial (NIM). Underlying experimental data for the metal layers and the fabrication feasibility based on electron-beam lithography render the structure arguably the most promising in the literature to further scale the operating frequency of the NIMs to new record low visible wavelengths. C1 [Rahman, M. M.; Aslam, M. I.; Guenev, D. Oe.] Michigan Technol Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. [Aslam, M. I.] NED Univ Engn & Technol, Dept Elect Engn, Karachi 75270, Pakistan. [Evans, P. G.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Computat Sci & Engn Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Rahman, MM (reprint author), Michigan Technol Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, 1400 Townsend Dr, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4799-1232-2 PY 2013 BP 262 EP 264 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA BC3WE UT WOS:000352010200088 ER PT J AU Debnath, S Zhang, X Guney, DO Soukoulis, CM AF Debnath, S. Zhang, X. Guney, D. O. Soukoulis, C. M. GP IEEE TI Two-Dimensionally Isotropic Optical Metamaterial Feasible for Stimulated Emission Depletion Microscopy Inspired Direct Laser Writing SO 2013 7TH INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS ON ADVANCED ELECTROMAGNETIC MATERIALS IN MICROWAVES AND OPTICS (METAMATERIALS 2013) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Congress on Advanced Electromagnetic Materials in Microwaves and Optics (METAMATERIALS) CY SEP 16-19, 2013 CL Bordeaux, FRANCE ID PHOTONIC METAMATERIAL; PHOTOLITHOGRAPHY; LITHOGRAPHY AB Stimulated emission depletion microscopy inspired direct laser writing (STED-DLW) processes incorporated with electroplating can offer diffraction-unlimited fabrication of complex metallic structures in three dimensions, not possible with traditional electron-beam or optical lithography. We propose a two-dimensionally isotropic optical metamaterial with negative permeability for fabrication with STED-DLW and electroplating of gold. C1 [Debnath, S.; Zhang, X.; Guney, D. O.] Michigan Technol Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. [Soukoulis, C. M.] US DOE, Ames Natl Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Soukoulis, C. M.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Debnath, S (reprint author), Michigan Technol Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, 1400 Townsend Dr, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. EM dguney@mtu.edu NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4799-1232-2 PY 2013 BP 427 EP 429 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA BC3WE UT WOS:000352010200143 ER PT S AU Ali, S Adal, KM Sidibe, D Karnowski, TP Chaum, EMD Meeriaudeau, F AF Ali, Sharib Adal, Kedir M. Sidibe, Desire Karnowski, Thomas P. Chaum, Edward M. D. Meriaudeau, Fabrice GP IEEE TI Exudate Segmentation on Retinal Atlas Space SO 2013 8TH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON IMAGE AND SIGNAL PROCESSING AND ANALYSIS (ISPA) SE International Symposium on Image and Signal Processing and Analysis LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 8th International Symposium on Image and Signal Processing and Analysis (ISPA) CY SEP 04-06, 2013 CL Trieste, ITALY SP Univ Trieste, Dept Engn & Arch, Univ Zagreb, Fac Elect Engn &d Comp, EURASIP, IEEE Signal Proc Soc, Italy Chapter, DAVe, FONDAZIONE CRTRIESTE, CHIRON, FIMI, ESTECO ID DIABETIC-RETINOPATHY; AUTOMATED DETECTION; FUNDUS IMAGES; TRANSFORM; FEATURES AB Diabetic macular edema is characterized by hard exudates. Presence of such exudates cause vision loss in the affected areas. We present a novel approach of segmenting exudates for screening and follow-ups by building an ethnicity based statistical atlas. The chromatic distribution in such an atlas gives a good measure of probability of the pixels belonging to the healthy retinal pigments or to the abnormalities (like lesions, imaging artifacts etc.) in the retinal fundus image. Post-processing schemes are introduced in this paper for the enhancement of the edges of such exudates for final segmentation and to separate lesion from false positives. A sensitivity(recall) of 82.5 % at 35 % of positive predictive value on FROC-curve is achieved. Results are obtained on a publicly available HEI-MED data-set and have been compared to two reference methods on the same dataset showing the competitiveness of the proposed algorithm. C1 [Ali, Sharib; Adal, Kedir M.; Sidibe, Desire; Meriaudeau, Fabrice] Univ Bourgogne, Lab Le2i, UMR CNRS 6306, F-71200 Le Creusot, France. [Chaum, Edward M. D.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. [Meriaudeau, Fabrice] U Tennessee Hlth Sci Ctr, Hamilton Eye Inst, Memphis, TN USA. RP Ali, S (reprint author), Univ Bourgogne, Lab Le2i, UMR CNRS 6306, F-71200 Le Creusot, France. EM ali.sharib2002@gmail.com FU University of Burgundy, France; Oak Ridge National Laboratory, USA FX This work has been conducted in collaboration between University of Burgundy, France and Oak Ridge National Laboratory, USA. We would like to thank the "Regional Burgundy Council" for co-sponsoring the work. NR 22 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1845-5921 BN 978-953-184-194-8; 978-953-184-187-0 J9 INT SYMP IMAGE SIG PY 2013 BP 700 EP + PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Engineering; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA BC0XH UT WOS:000349789200124 ER PT J AU Barty, CPJ AF Barty, C. P. J. GP IEEE TI Nuclear Photonics with Extreme Gamma-ray Sources SO 2013 CONFERENCE ON AND INTERNATIONAL QUANTUM ELECTRONICS CONFERENCE LASERS AND ELECTRO-OPTICS EUROPE (CLEO EUROPE/IQEC) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe & International Quantum Electronics Conference (CLEO/Europe-IQEC) CY MAY 12-16, 2013 CL Munich, GERMANY C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, NIF & Photon Sci Directorate, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Barty, CPJ (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, NIF & Photon Sci Directorate, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 4 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4799-0594-2 PY 2013 PG 1 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA BC7XU UT WOS:000355316301647 ER PT J AU Ginis, V Tassin, P Soukoulis, CM Veretennicoff, I AF Ginis, Vincent Tassin, Philippe Soukoulis, Costas M. Veretennicoff, Irina GP IEEE TI A Transformation-Optical Approach to Enhance Optical Gradient Forces with Metamaterials SO 2013 CONFERENCE ON AND INTERNATIONAL QUANTUM ELECTRONICS CONFERENCE LASERS AND ELECTRO-OPTICS EUROPE (CLEO EUROPE/IQEC) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe & International Quantum Electronics Conference (CLEO/Europe-IQEC) CY MAY 12-16, 2013 CL Munich, GERMANY C1 [Ginis, Vincent; Veretennicoff, Irina] Vrije Univ Brussel, Appl Phys Res Grp, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium. [Tassin, Philippe; Soukoulis, Costas M.] US DOE, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Tassin, Philippe; Soukoulis, Costas M.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Ginis, V (reprint author), Vrije Univ Brussel, Appl Phys Res Grp, Pl Laan 2, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium. RI Tassin, Philippe/B-7152-2008 NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4799-0594-2 PY 2013 PG 1 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA BC7XU UT WOS:000355316301589 ER PT J AU Lingnau, B Chow, WW Scholl, E Ludge, K AF Lingnau, B. Chow, W. W. Schoell, E. Luedge, K. GP IEEE TI Nonequilibrium Laser Dynamics of Quantum-Dot Lasers with Optical Feedback and Injection SO 2013 CONFERENCE ON AND INTERNATIONAL QUANTUM ELECTRONICS CONFERENCE LASERS AND ELECTRO-OPTICS EUROPE (CLEO EUROPE/IQEC) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe & International Quantum Electronics Conference (CLEO/Europe-IQEC) CY MAY 12-16, 2013 CL Munich, GERMANY C1 [Lingnau, B.; Schoell, E.; Luedge, K.] Tech Univ Berlin, Inst Theoret Phys, Berlin, Germany. [Chow, W. W.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Lingnau, B (reprint author), Tech Univ Berlin, Inst Theoret Phys, Hardenbergstr 36, Berlin, Germany. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4799-0594-2 PY 2013 PG 1 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA BC7XU UT WOS:000355316300117 ER PT S AU Adams, DP Murphy, RD Saiz, D Rodriguez, M Hirschfeld, D AF Adams, D. P. Murphy, R. D. Saiz, D. Rodriguez, M. Hirschfeld, D. GP IEEE TI Nanosecond Pulsed Laser Color Marking of Titanium: Analysis of Oxide Layer Phase SO 2013 CONFERENCE ON LASERS AND ELECTRO-OPTICS (CLEO) SE Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO) CY JUN 09-14, 2013 CL San Jose, CA AB Nanosecond-pulsed, infrared laser irradiation has been used to create metal oxide coatings on the surface of polished Ti for application as unique tags/identifiers. X-ray diffraction and electron microscopy demonstrate that coatings are titanium monoxide. C1 [Adams, D. P.; Murphy, R. D.; Saiz, D.; Rodriguez, M.; Hirschfeld, D.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Adams, DP (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM dpadams@sandia.gov NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2160-9020 BN 978-1-55752-973-2 J9 CONF LASER ELECTR PY 2013 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA BC7WX UT WOS:000355262501183 ER PT S AU Ajayi, OA Anderson, NC Cotlet, M Petrone, N Owen, JS Hone, J Wong, CW AF Ajayi, O. A. Anderson, N. C. Cotlet, M. Petrone, N. Owen, J. S. Hone, J. Wong, C. W. GP IEEE TI Lifetime measurements and blinking statistics of nonradiative energy transfer from single halide-terminated nanocrystals onto graphene SO 2013 CONFERENCE ON LASERS AND ELECTRO-OPTICS (CLEO) SE Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO) CY JUN 09-14, 2013 CL San Jose, CA AB Time-resolved Forster energy transfer from single halide-terminated nanocrystals with n-butylamine ligands (0.6 nm) onto two-dimensional graphene is measured with time-correlated single-photon counting. Remarkable 4x reduction in spontaneous emission is observed (237 MHz) and modified LDOS. C1 [Ajayi, O. A.; Petrone, N.; Hone, J.; Wong, C. W.] Columbia Univ, Dept Mech Engn, New York, NY 10027 USA. [Anderson, N. C.; Owen, J. S.] Columbia Univ, Dept Chem, New York, NY 10027 USA. [Cotlet, M.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Ajayi, OA (reprint author), Columbia Univ, Dept Mech Engn, New York, NY 10027 USA. EM oaa2114@columbia.edu; cww2104@columbia.edu NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2160-9020 BN 978-1-55752-973-2 J9 CONF LASER ELECTR PY 2013 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA BC7WX UT WOS:000355262505066 ER PT S AU Albrecht, AR Seletskiy, DV Cederberg, JG Sheik-Bahae, M AF Albrecht, Alexander R. Seletskiy, Denis V. Cederberg, Jeffrey G. Sheik-Bahae, Mansoor GP IEEE TI Self-Mode-Locked Vertical External-Cavity Surface-Emitting Laser (VECSEL) SO 2013 CONFERENCE ON LASERS AND ELECTRO-OPTICS (CLEO) SE Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO) CY JUN 09-14, 2013 CL San Jose, CA ID SEMICONDUCTOR-LASER; NONLINEARITIES AB Self-mode-locking has been observed in an InGaAs VECSEL at 1030 nm with sub-500 fs pulses at 1 GHz. The mechanism is attributed to negative ultrafast Kerr lensing in the gain structure. C1 [Albrecht, Alexander R.; Sheik-Bahae, Mansoor] Univ New Mexico, Dept Phys & Astron, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [Seletskiy, Denis V.] Univ Konstanz, Dept Phys, D-78464 Constance, Germany. [Seletskiy, Denis V.] Univ Konstanz, Ctr Appl Photon, D-78464 Constance, Germany. [Cederberg, Jeffrey G.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Albrecht, AR (reprint author), Univ New Mexico, Dept Phys & Astron, 1919 Lomas Blvd NE, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. EM alex2@unm.edu NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2160-9020 BN 978-1-55752-973-2 J9 CONF LASER ELECTR PY 2013 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA BC7WX UT WOS:000355262503127 ER PT S AU Banerjee, S Baudisch, M Biegert, J Borot, A Borzsonyi, A Charalambidis, D Ditmire, T Diveki, Z Dombi, P Ertel, K Galimberti, M Fulop, JA Gaul, E Haeffner, C Hemmer, M Hernandez-Gomez, C Kalashnikov, M Kandula, D Kovacs, AP Lopez-Martens, R Mason, P Marton, I Musgrave, I Osvay, K Prandolini, M Racz, E Racz, P Riedel, R Ross, IN Rosseau, JP Schulz, M Tavella, F Thai, A Will, I AF Banerjee, S. Baudisch, M. Biegert, J. Borot, A. Borzsonyi, A. Charalambidis, D. Ditmire, T. Diveki, Zs. Dombi, P. Ertel, K. Galimberti, M. Fueloep, J. A. Gaul, E. Haeffner, C. Hemmer, M. Hernandez-Gomez, C. Kalashnikov, M. Kandula, D. Kovacs, A. P. Lopez-Martens, R. Mason, P. Marton, I. Musgrave, I. Osvay, K. Prandolini, M. Racz, E. Racz, P. Riedel, R. Ross, I. N. Rosseau, J. -P. Schulz, M. Tavella, F. Thai, A. Will, I. GP IEEE TI Conceptual Design of the Laser Systems for the Attosecond Light Pulse Source SO 2013 CONFERENCE ON LASERS AND ELECTRO-OPTICS (CLEO) SE Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO) CY JUN 09-14, 2013 CL San Jose, CA AB The high repetition rate laser systems providing the ELI-ALPS facility with TW-to-PW peak intensity pulses are designed to generate secondary light sources with a duration of tens of attosecond for basic and applied researches. C1 [Charalambidis, D.; Diveki, Zs.; Dombi, P.; Fueloep, J. A.; Kalashnikov, M.; Lopez-Martens, R.; Osvay, K.; Racz, E.] ELI Hu Nkft, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary. [Banerjee, S.; Ertel, K.; Galimberti, M.; Hernandez-Gomez, C.; Mason, P.; Musgrave, I.; Ross, I. N.] Rutherford Appleton Lab, Cent Laser Facil, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. [Baudisch, M.; Biegert, J.; Hemmer, M.; Thai, A.] ICFO Inst Ciencies Foton, Barcelona 08860, Spain. [Biegert, J.] Inst Catalana Recerca & Estudis Avancats, Barcelona 08010, Spain. [Borot, A.; Lopez-Martens, R.; Rosseau, J. -P.] Ecole Polytech, CNRS UMR 7639, ENSTA ParisTech, Lab Opt Appl, Palaiseau, France. [Borzsonyi, A.; Kovacs, A. P.; Osvay, K.] Univ Szeged, Szeged, Hungary. [Charalambidis, D.] FORTH, GR-71110 Iraklion, Crete, Greece. [Charalambidis, D.] Univ Crete, Dept Phys, GR-71003 Iraklion, Crete, Greece. [Ditmire, T.; Gaul, E.] Univ Texas Austin, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Diveki, Zs.] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, London, England. [Dombi, P.; Marton, I.; Racz, P.] Wigner Res Ctr Phys, Budapest, Hungary. [Dombi, P.] Max Planck Inst Quantum Opt, Garching, Germany. [Fueloep, J. A.] MTA PTE High Field THz Res Grp, Pecs, Hungary. [Haeffner, C.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. [Kalashnikov, M.; Kandula, D.; Will, I.] Max Born Inst, D-12489 Berlin, Germany. [Prandolini, M.; Riedel, R.; Tavella, F.] Helmholtz Inst Jena, D-07743 Jena, Germany. [Racz, E.] Obuda Univ, Budapest, Hungary. [Schulz, M.] DESY, D-22607 Hamburg, Germany. RP Banerjee, S (reprint author), Rutherford Appleton Lab, Cent Laser Facil, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. RI Biegert, Jens/D-2243-2009 OI Biegert, Jens/0000-0002-7556-501X NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2160-9020 BN 978-1-55752-973-2 J9 CONF LASER ELECTR PY 2013 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA BC7WX UT WOS:000355262502324 ER PT S AU Benz, A Campione, S Montano, I Liu, S Klem, JF Sinclair, MB Capolino, F Brener, I AF Benz, A. Campione, S. Montano, I. Liu, S. Klem, J. F. Sinclair, M. B. Capolino, F. Brener, I. GP IEEE TI Ultra-Strong Light-Matter Interaction with Mid-Infrared Metamaterials SO 2013 CONFERENCE ON LASERS AND ELECTRO-OPTICS (CLEO) SE Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO) CY JUN 09-14, 2013 CL San Jose, CA AB We present ultra-strong light-matter interaction of a metamaterial mode and an intersubband transition for normal incidence radiation in the mid-infrared spectral region. The anti-crossed lines show a splitting of 15% of the central frequency. C1 [Benz, A.; Liu, S.; Brener, I.] Sandia Natl Labs, Ctr Integrated Nanotechnol CINT, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Benz, A.; Montano, I.; Liu, S.; Klem, J. F.; Sinclair, M. B.; Brener, I.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Campione, S.; Capolino, F.] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. RP Benz, A (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Ctr Integrated Nanotechnol CINT, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM anbenz@sandia.gov NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2160-9020 BN 978-1-55752-973-2 J9 CONF LASER ELECTR PY 2013 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA BC7WX UT WOS:000355262505095 ER PT S AU Benz, A Campione, S Montano, I Liu, S Klem, JF Sinclair, MB Capolino, F Brener, I AF Benz, A. Campione, S. Montano, I. Liu, S. Klem, J. F. Sinclair, M. B. Capolino, F. Brener, I. GP IEEE TI Influence of the Metamaterial Geometry on Ultra-Strong Light-Matter Interaction SO 2013 CONFERENCE ON LASERS AND ELECTRO-OPTICS (CLEO) SE Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO) CY JUN 09-14, 2013 CL San Jose, CA ID REFRACTION AB We present a comprehensive study on the influence of the metamaterial geometry on ultra-strong coupling to intersubband transitions. The spatial overlap of a metamaterial cavity mode and quantum-well region shows the strongest effect. C1 [Benz, A.; Liu, S.; Brener, I.] Sandia Natl Labs, Ctr Integrated Nanotechnol CINT, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Benz, A.; Montano, I.; Liu, S.; Klem, J. F.; Sinclair, M. B.; Brener, I.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Campione, S.; Capolino, F.] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. RP Benz, A (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Ctr Integrated Nanotechnol CINT, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM anbenz@sandia.gov NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2160-9020 BN 978-1-55752-973-2 J9 CONF LASER ELECTR PY 2013 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA BC7WX UT WOS:000355262504116 ER PT S AU Bishop, CA Humble, TS Bennink, RS Williams, BP AF Bishop, Clifford A. Humble, Travis S. Bennink, Ryan S. Williams, Brian P. GP IEEE TI Intrusion Detection Based on Quantum Interference SO 2013 CONFERENCE ON LASERS AND ELECTRO-OPTICS (CLEO) SE Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO) CY JUN 09-14, 2013 CL San Jose, CA AB We present a new method for intrusion detection which is based on the Mach-Zehnder interference effect. This device provides monitored surveillance by continuously measuring the intensity of light collected by a pair of photodetectors. (C) 2013 Optical Society of America C1 [Bishop, Clifford A.; Humble, Travis S.; Bennink, Ryan S.; Williams, Brian P.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Quantum Informat Sci Grp, Computat Sci & Engn Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Williams, Brian P.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RP Bishop, CA (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Quantum Informat Sci Grp, Computat Sci & Engn Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM bishopca@ornl.gov NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2160-9020 BN 978-1-55752-973-2 J9 CONF LASER ELECTR PY 2013 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA BC7WX UT WOS:000355262504229 ER PT S AU Boyson, TK Rittman, DR Spence, TG Calzada, ME Kallapur, AG Petersen, IR Kirkbride, KP Moore, DS Harb, CC AF Boyson, Toby K. Rittman, Dylan R. Spence, Thomas G. Calzada, Maria E. Kallapur, Abhijit G. Petersen, Ian R. Kirkbride, K. Paul Moore, David S. Harb, Charles C. GP IEEE TI Rapid, wide bandwidth pulsed cavity ringdown spectroscopy SO 2013 CONFERENCE ON LASERS AND ELECTRO-OPTICS (CLEO) SE Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO) CY JUN 09-14, 2013 CL San Jose, CA AB We present a new variant of the Cavity Ringdown Spectroscopy (CRDS) that is able to scan across more than 1400 nm of spectral bandwidth, acquiring and analysing more than 150,000 spectral datapoints in less than four seconds. (C) 2013 Optical Society of America C1 [Boyson, Toby K.; Kallapur, Abhijit G.; Petersen, Ian R.; Harb, Charles C.] Univ New S Wales, Univ Coll, Sch Engn & Informat Technol, Canberra, ACT 2600, Australia. [Rittman, Dylan R.; Moore, David S.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Shock & Detonat Phys Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Spence, Thomas G.; Calzada, Maria E.] Loyola Univ, Dept Math Sci, New Orleans, LA 70118 USA. [Spence, Thomas G.; Calzada, Maria E.] Loyola Univ, Dept Chem, New Orleans, LA 70118 USA. [Kirkbride, K. Paul] Australian Fed Police, Forens & Data Ctr, Weston, ACT 2611, Australia. RP Boyson, TK (reprint author), Univ New S Wales, Univ Coll, Sch Engn & Informat Technol, Canberra, ACT 2600, Australia. EM c.harb@adfa.edu.au NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2160-9020 BN 978-1-55752-973-2 J9 CONF LASER ELECTR PY 2013 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA BC7WX UT WOS:000355262503072 ER PT S AU Brener, I Chen, HT AF Brener, Igal Chen, Hou-Tong GP IEEE TI New Directions in Active and Tunable Metamaterials SO 2013 CONFERENCE ON LASERS AND ELECTRO-OPTICS (CLEO) SE Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO) CY JUN 09-14, 2013 CL San Jose, CA AB We present some of the recent projects at CINT that aim at active, tunable and nonlinear metamaterials. This is achieved by combining far and mid infrared planar metamaterials with semiconductors, superconductors and other materials. C1 [Brener, Igal] Sandia Natl Labs, Ctr Integrated Nanotechnol CINT, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Brener, Igal] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Chen, Hou-Tong] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Integrated Nanotechnol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Brener, I (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Ctr Integrated Nanotechnol CINT, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM ibrener@sandia.gov; chenht@lanl.gov NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2160-9020 BN 978-1-55752-973-2 J9 CONF LASER ELECTR PY 2013 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA BC7WX UT WOS:000355262505302 ER PT S AU Celliers, PM Boehly, TR Robey, HF Moody, JD Ross, JS Ralph, JE Kline, JL Farley, DR Le Pape, S Krauter, KG Frieders, G Ross, GF MacKinnon, AJ Olson, RE Doeppner, T Munro, DH Milovich, JL Sterne, PA Jones, OS Callahan, DA Nikroo, A Kroll, JJ Horner, JB Hamza, AV Bhandarkar, SD Eggert, JH Smith, RF Hicks, DG Park, HS Young, BK Hsing, WW Collins, GW Landen, OL Meyerhofer, DD Atherton, LJ Edwards, MJ Haan, SW Lindl, JD MacGowan, BJ Moses, EI AF Celliers, P. M. Boehly, T. R. Robey, H. F. Moody, J. D. Ross, J. S. Ralph, J. E. Kline, J. L. Farley, D. R. Le Pape, S. Krauter, K. G. Frieders, G. Ross, G. F. MacKinnon, A. J. Olson, R. E. Doeppner, T. Munro, D. H. Milovich, J. L. Sterne, P. A. Jones, O. S. Callahan, D. A. Nikroo, A. Kroll, J. J. Horner, J. B. Hamza, A. V. Bhandarkar, S. D. Eggert, J. H. Smith, R. F. Hicks, D. G. Park, H. S. Young, B. K. Hsing, W. W. Collins, G. W. Landen, O. L. Meyerhofer, D. D. Atherton, L. J. Edwards, M. J. Haan, S. W. Lindl, J. D. MacGowan, B. J. Moses, E. I. GP IEEE TI Line-imaging Velocimetry for Shock Diagnostics (VISAR) SO 2013 CONFERENCE ON LASERS AND ELECTRO-OPTICS (CLEO) SE Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO) CY JUN 09-14, 2013 CL San Jose, CA ID FACILITY AB The NIF laser pulse used for ignition experiments is tuned by direct observation of the shocks launched into the capsule during the initial phases of the pulse. Optical velocimetry is key to this task. C1 [Celliers, P. M.; Robey, H. F.; Moody, J. D.; Ross, J. S.; Ralph, J. E.; Farley, D. R.; Le Pape, S.; Krauter, K. G.; Frieders, G.; Ross, G. F.; MacKinnon, A. J.; Doeppner, T.; Munro, D. H.; Milovich, J. L.; Sterne, P. A.; Jones, O. S.; Callahan, D. A.; Kroll, J. J.; Horner, J. B.; Hamza, A. V.; Bhandarkar, S. D.; Eggert, J. H.; Smith, R. F.; Hicks, D. G.; Park, H. S.; Young, B. K.; Hsing, W. W.; Collins, G. W.; Landen, O. L.; Atherton, L. J.; Edwards, M. J.; Haan, S. W.; Lindl, J. D.; MacGowan, B. J.; Moses, E. I.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Boehly, T. R.; Meyerhofer, D. D.] Univ Rochester, Laser Energet Lab, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. [Kline, J. L.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Olson, R. E.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Nikroo, A.] Gen Atom Co, San Diego, CA 92121 USA. RP Celliers, PM (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM celliers1@llnl.gov NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 9 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2160-9020 BN 978-1-55752-973-2 J9 CONF LASER ELECTR PY 2013 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA BC7WX UT WOS:000355262501083 ER PT S AU Chan, EM Gargas, DJ Ostrowski, AD Schuck, PJ Milliron, DJ Cohen, BE AF Chan, Emory M. Gargas, Daniel J. Ostrowski, Alexis D. Schuck, P. James Milliron, Delia J. Cohen, Bruce E. GP IEEE TI Next-generation nanocrystals for cellular imaging: non-blinking, non-bleaching phosphors SO 2013 CONFERENCE ON LASERS AND ELECTRO-OPTICS (CLEO) SE Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO) CY JUN 09-14, 2013 CL San Jose, CA C1 [Chan, Emory M.; Gargas, Daniel J.; Ostrowski, Alexis D.; Schuck, P. James; Milliron, Delia J.; Cohen, Bruce E.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Mol Foundry, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Chan, EM (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Mol Foundry, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM becohen@lbl.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2160-9020 BN 978-1-55752-973-2 J9 CONF LASER ELECTR PY 2013 PG 1 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA BC7WX UT WOS:000355262505234 ER PT S AU Chowdhury, DR Singh, R Chen, HT Taylor, AJ Azad, AK AF Chowdhury, Dibakar Roy Singh, Ranjan Chen, Hou-Tong Taylor, Antoinette J. Azad, Abut K. GP IEEE TI Ultrafast control of near field coupling in terahertz metamaterials SO 2013 CONFERENCE ON LASERS AND ELECTRO-OPTICS (CLEO) SE Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO) CY JUN 09-14, 2013 CL San Jose, CA AB We demonstrate ultrafast optical control of near field coupled metamaterial resonances. We observed dynamical transition of the metamaterial resonances to change its state from coupled to decoupled, and back to the coupled state under photoexcitation. C1 [Chowdhury, Dibakar Roy; Singh, Ranjan; Chen, Hou-Tong; Taylor, Antoinette J.; Azad, Abut K.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Mat Phys & Applicat, Ctr Integrated Nanotechnol CINT, Los Alamos, NM USA. RP Chowdhury, DR (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Mat Phys & Applicat, Ctr Integrated Nanotechnol CINT, Los Alamos, NM USA. EM dibakarrc@gmail.gov; aazad@lanl.gov NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2160-9020 BN 978-1-55752-973-2 J9 CONF LASER ELECTR PY 2013 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA BC7WX UT WOS:000355262505096 ER PT S AU Coslovich, G Huber, B Lee, WS Chuang, YD Zhu, Y Sasagawa, T Hussain, Z Bechtel, HA Martin, MC Shen, ZX Schoenlein, RW Kaindl, RA AF Coslovich, G. Huber, B. Lee, W. -S. Chuang, Y. -D. Zhu, Y. Sasagawa, T. Hussain, Z. Bechtel, H. A. Martin, M. C. Shen, Z. -X. Schoenlein, R. W. Kaindl, R. A. GP IEEE TI Tracking Charge Localization via Transient Electron-Phonon Coupling in a Stripe-ordered Nickelate SO 2013 CONFERENCE ON LASERS AND ELECTRO-OPTICS (CLEO) SE Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO) CY JUN 09-14, 2013 CL San Jose, CA AB We study the low-energy conductivity dynamics after femtosecond perturbation of the stripe-ordered phase in a strongly-correlated nickelate. The experiments reveal ultrafast suppression and recovery of electron-phonon coupling that tracks the atomic-scale localization of correlated charges. C1 [Coslovich, G.; Huber, B.; Zhu, Y.; Schoenlein, R. W.; Kaindl, R. A.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Lee, W. -S.; Shen, Z. -X.] SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, SIMES, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. [Lee, W. -S.; Shen, Z. -X.] Stanford Univ, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. [Chuang, Y. -D.; Hussain, Z.; Bechtel, H. A.; Martin, M. C.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Adv Light Source, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Sasagawa, T.] Tokyo Inst Technol, Mat & Struct Lab, Yokohama, Kanagawa 2268503, Japan. RP Coslovich, G (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2160-9020 BN 978-1-55752-973-2 J9 CONF LASER ELECTR PY 2013 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA BC7WX UT WOS:000355262505316 ER PT S AU Cotlet, M AF Cotlet, Mircea GP IEEE TI Tuning photoinduced charge transfer in quantum dot-based hybrids via self-assembly SO 2013 CONFERENCE ON LASERS AND ELECTRO-OPTICS (CLEO) SE Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO) CY JUN 09-14, 2013 CL San Jose, CA C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Cotlet, M (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2160-9020 BN 978-1-55752-973-2 J9 CONF LASER ELECTR PY 2013 PG 1 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA BC7WX UT WOS:000355262505257 ER PT S AU Cox, JA Trotter, DC Starbuck, AL AF Cox, Jonathan A. Trotter, D. C. Starbuck, Andrew L. GP IEEE TI Integrated Control of Silicon-photonic Micro-resonator Wavelength with Balanced Homodyne Locking SO 2013 CONFERENCE ON LASERS AND ELECTRO-OPTICS (CLEO) SE Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO) CY JUN 09-14, 2013 CL San Jose, CA ID FEEDBACK; CHIP AB We present a new method for active control of photonic micro-resonator modulator and filter wavelength that is insensitive to environmental and optical perturbations and readily integrated on-chip. Experimental results demonstrating precise filter locking are shown. C1 [Cox, Jonathan A.; Trotter, D. C.; Starbuck, Andrew L.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87123 USA. RP Cox, JA (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, 1515 Eubank SE, Albuquerque, NM 87123 USA. EM jacox@sandia.gov NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2160-9020 BN 978-1-55752-973-2 J9 CONF LASER ELECTR PY 2013 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA BC7WX UT WOS:000355262502127 ER PT S AU Deri, RJ Patra, S Bayramian, A Aceves, S Anklam, T Bullington, A Chen, D Dunne, M Erlandson, A Flowers, D Fulkerson, S Manes, K Molander, W Moses, E Piggott, T Rana, S Schaffers, K Seppala, L Spaeth, M Sutton, S Telford, S AF Deri, R. J. Patra, S. Bayramian, A. Aceves, S. Anklam, T. Bullington, A. Chen, D. Dunne, M. Erlandson, A. Flowers, D. Fulkerson, S. Manes, K. Molander, W. Moses, E. Piggott, T. Rana, S. Schaffers, K. Seppala, L. Spaeth, M. Sutton, S. Telford, S. GP IEEE TI Engineering Diode Laser Pumps for Extremely Large-Scale Laser Systems SO 2013 CONFERENCE ON LASERS AND ELECTRO-OPTICS (CLEO) SE Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO) CY JUN 09-14, 2013 CL San Jose, CA ID INERTIAL FUSION ENERGY AB Several large scale laser applications require diode pumps for high efficiency and average power, but are sensitive to diode performance-cost tradeoffs. This paper describes approaches for addressing these issues, using the example of inertial fusion energy drivers. C1 [Deri, R. J.; Patra, S.; Bayramian, A.; Aceves, S.; Anklam, T.; Bullington, A.; Chen, D.; Dunne, M.; Erlandson, A.; Flowers, D.; Fulkerson, S.; Manes, K.; Molander, W.; Moses, E.; Piggott, T.; Rana, S.; Schaffers, K.; Seppala, L.; Spaeth, M.; Sutton, S.; Telford, S.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Deri, RJ (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, 7000 East Ave,L-470, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM deri1@llnl.gov NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2160-9020 BN 978-1-55752-973-2 J9 CONF LASER ELECTR PY 2013 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA BC7WX UT WOS:000355262504248 ER PT S AU Dixit, SN Di Nicola, JM Burkhart, SC Wegner, PJ Awwal, AAS Bennett, CV Bowers, M Borden, MR Budge, TS Campbell, JA Chang, L Christensen, K Conder, AD Chou, J Erbert, G Feigenbaum, E Heebner, J Henesian, MA Hermann, M Hernandez, V Jancaitis, K LaFortune, K Leach, R Lowe-Webb, RR MacGowan, BJ McCandless, K Nostrand, MC Orth, C Pelz, L Pratuch, S Palma, JC Rever, M Sacks, R Salmon, JT Shaw, M Smauley, DA Smith, LK Sommer, S Van Wonterghem, B Whitman, P Wilhelmsen, K Wong, JN Widmayer, C Yang, S AF Dixit, S. N. Di Nicola, J. M. Burkhart, S. C. Wegner, P. J. Awwal, A. A. S. Bennett, C. V. Bowers, M. Borden, M. R. Budge, T. S. Campbell, J. A. Chang, L. Christensen, K. Conder, A. D. Chou, J. Erbert, G. Feigenbaum, E. Heebner, J. Henesian, M. A. Hermann, M. Hernandez, V. Jancaitis, K. LaFortune, K. Leach, R. Lowe-Webb, R. R. MacGowan, B. J. McCandless, K. Nostrand, M. C. Orth, C. Pelz, L. Pratuch, S. Palma, J. C. Rever, M. Sacks, R. Salmon, J. T. Shaw, M. Smauley, D. A. Smith, L. K. Sommer, S. Van Wonterghem, B. Whitman, P. Wilhelmsen, K. Wong, J. N. Widmayer, C. Yang, S. GP IEEE TI Achieving full 1.8 MJ, 500 TW laser performance on the National Ignition Facility SO 2013 CONFERENCE ON LASERS AND ELECTRO-OPTICS (CLEO) SE Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO) CY JUN 09-14, 2013 CL San Jose, CA AB We have achieved the NIF design goals for power and energy by delivering 1.86 MJ of ultra-violet energy in a wide dynamic range (> 300: 1), 22.5-ns shaped ignition pulse with a peak power of 520 TW. C1 [Dixit, S. N.; Di Nicola, J. M.; Burkhart, S. C.; Wegner, P. J.; Awwal, A. A. S.; Bennett, C. V.; Bowers, M.; Borden, M. R.; Budge, T. S.; Campbell, J. A.; Chang, L.; Christensen, K.; Conder, A. D.; Chou, J.; Erbert, G.; Feigenbaum, E.; Heebner, J.; Henesian, M. A.; Hermann, M.; Hernandez, V.; Jancaitis, K.; LaFortune, K.; Leach, R.; Lowe-Webb, R. R.; MacGowan, B. J.; McCandless, K.; Nostrand, M. C.; Orth, C.; Pelz, L.; Pratuch, S.; Palma, J. C.; Rever, M.; Sacks, R.; Salmon, J. T.; Shaw, M.; Smauley, D. A.; Smith, L. K.; Sommer, S.; Van Wonterghem, B.; Whitman, P.; Wilhelmsen, K.; Wong, J. N.; Widmayer, C.; Yang, S.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Dixit, SN (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM dixit1@llnl.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2160-9020 BN 978-1-55752-973-2 J9 CONF LASER ELECTR PY 2013 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA BC7WX UT WOS:000355262501085 ER PT S AU Dyer, GC Aizin, GR Allen, SJ Grine, AD Bethke, D Reno, JL Shaner, EA AF Dyer, Gregory C. Aizin, Gregory R. Allen, S. James Grine, Albert D. Bethke, Don Reno, John L. Shaner, Eric A. GP IEEE TI Electronic Control of Coupled Defect and Surface States in 2D Plasmonic Crystals SO 2013 CONFERENCE ON LASERS AND ELECTRO-OPTICS (CLEO) SE Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO) CY JUN 09-14, 2013 CL San Jose, CA AB Terahertz plasmonic crystals of several periods are formed from a GaAs/AlGaAs 2D electron gas. The coupling between defect and crystal surface states known as Tamm states induces a transparency in the plasmonic crystal band gap. (C) 2013 Optical Society of America C1 [Dyer, Gregory C.; Allen, S. James; Grine, Albert D.; Bethke, Don; Reno, John L.; Shaner, Eric A.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Aizin, Gregory R.] CUNY, Kingsborough Coll, Brooklyn, NY 11235 USA. [Allen, S. James] UC Santa Barbara, Inst Terahertz Sci & Technol, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. RP Dyer, GC (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM gcdyer@sandia.gov NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2160-9020 BN 978-1-55752-973-2 J9 CONF LASER ELECTR PY 2013 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA BC7WX UT WOS:000355262505201 ER PT S AU Farrell, RM Friedman, DJ Young, NG Perl, EE Singh, N Lang, JR Neufeld, CJ Iza, M Cruz, SC Keller, S McMahon, WE Nakamura, S DenBaars, SP Mishra, UK Bowers, JE Speck, JS AF Farrell, R. M. Friedman, D. J. Young, N. G. Perl, E. E. Singh, N. Lang, J. R. Neufeld, C. J. Iza, M. Cruz, S. C. Keller, S. McMahon, W. E. Nakamura, S. DenBaars, S. P. Mishra, U. K. Bowers, J. E. Speck, J. S. GP IEEE TI InGaN-Based Solar Cells and High-Performance Broadband Optical Coatings for Ultrahigh Efficiency Hybrid Multijunction Device Designs SO 2013 CONFERENCE ON LASERS AND ELECTRO-OPTICS (CLEO) SE Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO) CY JUN 09-14, 2013 CL San Jose, CA AB Efficiencies exceeding 40% have already been achieved with GaAs-based multijunction (MJ) solar cells. In this talk, we will discuss the unique advantages and challenges of fabricating hybrid InGaN-GaAs MJ cells for ultrahigh efficiency device designs. C1 [Farrell, R. M.; Young, N. G.; Singh, N.; Lang, J. R.; Iza, M.; Cruz, S. C.; Nakamura, S.; DenBaars, S. P.; Bowers, J. E.; Speck, J. S.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Mat, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. [Friedman, D. J.; McMahon, W. E.] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Perl, E. E.; Neufeld, C. J.; Keller, S.; Nakamura, S.; DenBaars, S. P.; Mishra, U. K.; Bowers, J. E.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. RP Farrell, RM (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Mat, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. EM rmf@engr.ucsb.edu NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2160-9020 BN 978-1-55752-973-2 J9 CONF LASER ELECTR PY 2013 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA BC7WX UT WOS:000355262501065 ER PT S AU Feigenbaum, E Sacks, RA Shaw, MJ AF Feigenbaum, E. Sacks, R. A. Shaw, M. J. GP IEEE TI Enhancing the pulse shaping precision of energetic high aspect ratio infrared pulses in the National Ignition Facility laser system SO 2013 CONFERENCE ON LASERS AND ELECTRO-OPTICS (CLEO) SE Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO) CY JUN 09-14, 2013 CL San Jose, CA AB NIF's ability to deliver precise, high-contrast pulses is limited by the fidelity of our numerical model. Model fidelity is enhanced by fitting small-signal gain and saturation parameters to measurements and by including temporal overlap effects. C1 [Feigenbaum, E.; Sacks, R. A.; Shaw, M. J.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Natl Ignit Facil & Photon Sci, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Feigenbaum, E (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Natl Ignit Facil & Photon Sci, 7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM Feigenbaum1@llnl.gov NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2160-9020 BN 978-1-55752-973-2 J9 CONF LASER ELECTR PY 2013 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA BC7WX UT WOS:000355262503326 ER PT S AU Feigenbaum, E Sacks, RA AF Feigenbaum, E. Sacks, R. A. GP IEEE TI Modelling of beam interaction with components in the vicinity of a focal plane for long, complex laser systems such as the National Ignition Facility SO 2013 CONFERENCE ON LASERS AND ELECTRO-OPTICS (CLEO) SE Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO) CY JUN 09-14, 2013 CL San Jose, CA ID LIGHT AB A Fourier beam propagation algorithm for within a lens Rayleigh region is derived within the Talanov framework, accommodating both the large beam size changes and propagation distances typical for large, complex systems as the NIF. C1 [Feigenbaum, E.; Sacks, R. A.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Natl Ignit Facil & Photon Sci, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Feigenbaum, E (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Natl Ignit Facil & Photon Sci, 7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM Feigenbaum1@llnl.gov NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2160-9020 BN 978-1-55752-973-2 J9 CONF LASER ELECTR PY 2013 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA BC7WX UT WOS:000355262503039 ER PT S AU Fernandez, JC Albright, BJ Gautier, D Hamilton, CE Hegelich, BM Honrubia, J Huang, C Johnson, RP Jung, D Palaniyappan, S Roth, M Shah, R Shimada, T Yin, L AF Fernandez, J. C. Albright, B. J. Gautier, D. Hamilton, C. E. Hegelich, B. M. Honrubia, J. Huang, C. Johnson, R. P. Jung, D. Palaniyappan, S. Roth, M. Shah, R. Shimada, T. Yin, L. GP IEEE TI Fast Ignition With Laser-Driven Ion Beams: Progress On Ignitor Beam Development Based On A New Relativistic Laser-Plasma Regime SO 2013 CONFERENCE ON LASERS AND ELECTRO-OPTICS (CLEO) SE Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO) CY JUN 09-14, 2013 CL San Jose, CA ID GAIN C1 [Fernandez, J. C.; Albright, B. J.; Gautier, D.; Hamilton, C. E.; Huang, C.; Johnson, R. P.; Jung, D.; Palaniyappan, S.; Roth, M.; Shah, R.; Shimada, T.; Yin, L.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. [Roth, M.] Tech Univ Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany. [Hegelich, B. M.] Univ Texas Austin, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Jung, D.] Queens Univ Belfast, Belfast BT7 1NN, Antrim, North Ireland. [Honrubia, J.] Univ Politecn Madrid, Madrid, Spain. RP Fernandez, JC (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. EM juanc@lanl.gov NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2160-9020 BN 978-1-55752-973-2 J9 CONF LASER ELECTR PY 2013 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA BC7WX UT WOS:000355262501043 ER PT S AU Fofang, NT Luk, TS Okandan, M Nielson, GN Brener, I AF Fofang, N. T. Luk, T. S. Okandan, M. Nielson, G. N. Brener, I. GP IEEE TI Light Trapping Using Silicon Nanostructures For Solar Cells SO 2013 CONFERENCE ON LASERS AND ELECTRO-OPTICS (CLEO) SE Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO) CY JUN 09-14, 2013 CL San Jose, CA AB Silicon nanostructures are used for efficiency enhancement in Silicon solar cells. A 2 mu m thick solar cell with silicon nanostructures on the front and back surfaces show photocurrent of 26.7 mA/cm(2) (77% of the Yablonovitch limit). C1 [Fofang, N. T.; Luk, T. S.; Brener, I.] Sandia Natl Labs, Ctr Integrated Nanotechnol, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Fofang, N. T.; Luk, T. S.; Okandan, M.; Nielson, G. N.; Brener, I.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Fofang, NT (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Ctr Integrated Nanotechnol, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM ntfofan@sandia.gov NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2160-9020 BN 978-1-55752-973-2 J9 CONF LASER ELECTR PY 2013 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA BC7WX UT WOS:000355262502169 ER PT S AU Ghasemkhani, M Albrecht, AR Melgaard, SD Seletskiy, DV Cederberg, JG Sheik-Bahae, M AF Ghasemkhani, Mohammadreza Albrecht, Alexander R. Melgaard, Seth D. Seletskiy, Denis V. Cederberg, Jeffrey G. Sheik-Bahae, Mansoor GP IEEE TI Cryogenic Intracavity Laser Cooling Using High Power Vertical External Cavity Surface Emitting Lasers (VECSELs) SO 2013 CONFERENCE ON LASERS AND ELECTRO-OPTICS (CLEO) SE Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO) CY JUN 09-14, 2013 CL San Jose, CA AB A Yb:YLF crystal is laser cooled to 150 K from room temperature in an intracavity geometry using a high power InGaAs/GaAs MQW VECSEL operating at 1020 nm with <0.5 nm linewidth. C1 [Ghasemkhani, Mohammadreza; Albrecht, Alexander R.; Melgaard, Seth D.; Seletskiy, Denis V.; Sheik-Bahae, Mansoor] Univ New Mexico, Dept Phys & Astron, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [Seletskiy, Denis V.] Univ Konstanz, Dept Phys, D-78457 Constance, Germany. [Seletskiy, Denis V.] Univ Konstanz, Ctr Appl Photon, D-78457 Constance, Germany. [Cederberg, Jeffrey G.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Ghasemkhani, M (reprint author), Univ New Mexico, Dept Phys & Astron, 1919 Lomas Blvd NE, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. EM mrghasem@unm.edu NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2160-9020 BN 978-1-55752-973-2 J9 CONF LASER ELECTR PY 2013 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA BC7WX UT WOS:000355262505227 ER PT S AU Ginis, V Tassin, P Soukoulis, CM Veretennicoff, I AF Ginis, Vincent Tassin, Philippe Soukoulis, Costas M. Veretennicoff, Irina GP IEEE TI Metamaterial-Based Approach to Enhance Optical Gradient Forces SO 2013 CONFERENCE ON LASERS AND ELECTRO-OPTICS (CLEO) SE Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO) CY JUN 09-14, 2013 CL San Jose, CA AB We show how transformation optics can enhance optical forces between two optical waveguides by several orders of magnitude by altering the perceived distance between the waveguides. This transformation can be implemented using single-negative metamaterial films. (C) 2013 Optical Society of America C1 [Ginis, Vincent; Veretennicoff, Irina] Vrije Univ Brussel, Appl Phys Res Grp, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium. [Tassin, Philippe; Soukoulis, Costas M.] Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, US DOE, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Tassin, Philippe; Soukoulis, Costas M.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Ginis, V (reprint author), Vrije Univ Brussel, Appl Phys Res Grp, Pl Laan 2, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium. EM vincent.ginis@vub.ac.be RI Tassin, Philippe/B-7152-2008 NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2160-9020 BN 978-1-55752-973-2 J9 CONF LASER ELECTR PY 2013 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA BC7WX UT WOS:000355262505161 ER PT S AU Glover, TE Fritz, DM Cammarata, M Allison, TK Coh, S Feldkamp, JM Lemke, H Zhu, D Feng, Y Coffee, RN Fuchs, M Ghimire, S Chen, J Shwartz, S Reis, DA Harris, SE Hastings, JB AF Glover, T. E. Fritz, D. M. Cammarata, M. Allison, T. K. Coh, Sinisa Feldkamp, J. M. Lemke, H. Zhu, D. Feng, Y. Coffee, R. N. Fuchs, M. Ghimire, S. Chen, J. Shwartz, S. Reis, D. A. Harris, S. E. Hastings, J. B. GP IEEE TI X-ray / Optical Sum Frequency Generation SO 2013 CONFERENCE ON LASERS AND ELECTRO-OPTICS (CLEO) SE Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO) CY JUN 09-14, 2013 CL San Jose, CA AB We report observation of x-ray and optical sum frequency generation. An ultrafast optical pulse drives charge oscillations to the chemical bonds in diamond. A co-propagating x-ray pulse probes the accompanying atomic-scale chemical bond distortion. C1 [Glover, T. E.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Glover, T. E.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Adv Light Source Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Fritz, D. M.; Feldkamp, J. M.; Lemke, H.; Zhu, D.; Feng, Y.; Coffee, R. N.; Hastings, J. B.] SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Linac Coherent Light Source, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. [Cammarata, M.] Univ Rennes 1, CNRS, Inst Phys Rennes, UMR 6251, Rennes, France. [Allison, T. K.] NIST, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Allison, T. K.] Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Coh, Sinisa] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Coh, Sinisa] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Fuchs, M.; Ghimire, S.; Chen, J.] PULSE Inst, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. [Chen, J.; Shwartz, S.; Reis, D. A.; Harris, S. E.] Stanford Univ, Dept Appl Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Reis, D. A.] Stanford Univ, Dept Photon Sci, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Harris, S. E.] Stanford Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. RP Glover, TE (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, MS2-445a, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM teglover@lbl.gov RI Lemke, Henrik Till/N-7419-2016 OI Lemke, Henrik Till/0000-0003-1577-8643 NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2160-9020 BN 978-1-55752-973-2 J9 CONF LASER ELECTR PY 2013 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA BC7WX UT WOS:000355262504305 ER PT S AU Hamza, A AF Hamza, Alex GP IEEE TI NIF Target Fabrication SO 2013 CONFERENCE ON LASERS AND ELECTRO-OPTICS (CLEO) SE Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO) CY JUN 09-14, 2013 CL San Jose, CA C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Hamza, A (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM Hamza1@LLNL.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2160-9020 BN 978-1-55752-973-2 J9 CONF LASER ELECTR PY 2013 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA BC7WX UT WOS:000355262501054 ER PT S AU Hannah, DC Yang, JH Podsiadlo, P Chan, MKY Demortiere, A Gosztola, DJ Prakapenka, VB Schatz, GC Kortshagen, U Schaller, RD AF Hannah, Daniel C. Yang, Jihua Podsiadlo, Paul Chan, Maria K. Y. Demortiere, Arnaud Gosztola, David J. Prakapenka, Vitali B. Schatz, George C. Kortshagen, Uwe Schaller, Richard D. GP IEEE TI On the Origin of Efficient Photoluminescence in Silicon Nanocrystals SO 2013 CONFERENCE ON LASERS AND ELECTRO-OPTICS (CLEO) SE Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO) CY JUN 09-14, 2013 CL San Jose, CA AB Discrepancies exists regarding the nature of photoluminescence from quantum-confined silicon nanocrystals. Here, using hydrostatic pressure, x-ray diffraction, and optical spectroscopy, we provide fundamental insights regarding whether emission arises from nanocrystal surface or core states. C1 [Hannah, Daniel C.; Schatz, George C.; Schaller, Richard D.] Northwestern Univ, Dept Chem, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. [Yang, Jihua; Kortshagen, Uwe] Univ Minnesota, Dept Mech Engn, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Podsiadlo, Paul; Chan, Maria K. Y.; Demortiere, Arnaud; Gosztola, David J.; Schaller, Richard D.] Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Nanoscale Mat, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Prakapenka, Vitali B.] Univ Chicago, Ctr Adv Radiat Sources, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Hannah, DC (reprint author), Northwestern Univ, Dept Chem, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. EM schaller@anl.gov RI Gosztola, David/D-9320-2011; Kortshagen, Uwe/B-8744-2016 OI Gosztola, David/0000-0003-2674-1379; Kortshagen, Uwe/0000-0001-5944-3656 NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2160-9020 BN 978-1-55752-973-2 J9 CONF LASER ELECTR PY 2013 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA BC7WX UT WOS:000355262505258 ER PT S AU He, XW Nanot, S Wang, X Hauge, RH Kane, AA Goldsmith, JEM Leonard, F Kono, J AF He, Xiaowei Nanot, Sebastien Wang, Xuan Hauge, Robert H. Kane, Alexander A. Goldsmith, John E. M. Leonard, Francois Kono, Junichiro GP IEEE TI p-n Junction Photodetectors Based on Macroscopic Single-Wall Carbon Nanotube Films SO 2013 CONFERENCE ON LASERS AND ELECTRO-OPTICS (CLEO) SE Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO) CY JUN 09-14, 2013 CL San Jose, CA AB We have designed, fabricated, and characterized novel p-n junction photodetectors based on macroscopic single-wall carbon nanotube films. A broadband responsivity up to similar to 1 V/W was observed at the junction region. By controlling for substrate and doping levels, we determined that the mechanism is the photothermoelectric effect, which is supported by a theoretical model C1 [He, Xiaowei; Nanot, Sebastien; Wang, Xuan; Kono, Junichiro] Rice Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Houston, TX 77005 USA. [Hauge, Robert H.] Rice Univ, Dept Chem, Houston, TX 77005 USA. [Kane, Alexander A.; Goldsmith, John E. M.; Leonard, Francois] Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP He, XW (reprint author), Rice Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Houston, TX 77005 USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2160-9020 BN 978-1-55752-973-2 J9 CONF LASER ELECTR PY 2013 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA BC7WX UT WOS:000355262502277 ER PT S AU Hehlen, MP Parker, GR Novak, AM Rae, P Rivera, G Schmidt, DW Henderson, KC Patterson, BM Smilowitz, LB AF Hehlen, Markus P. Parker, Gary R. Novak, Alan M. Rae, Philip Rivera, Gerald Schmidt, Derek W. Henderson, Kevin C. Patterson, Brian M. Smilowitz, Laura B. GP IEEE TI Fiber-Optic Point Measurement of High Pressures in Thermal Explosions SO 2013 CONFERENCE ON LASERS AND ELECTRO-OPTICS (CLEO) SE Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO) CY JUN 09-14, 2013 CL San Jose, CA AB A multilayer dielectric coating deposited on the endface of a single-mode fiber is used as an optical sensor for high pressures. The reflectance of the coating decreases by 10% for a pressure of 710 MPa. C1 [Hehlen, Markus P.; Parker, Gary R.; Novak, Alan M.; Rae, Philip; Rivera, Gerald; Schmidt, Derek W.; Henderson, Kevin C.; Patterson, Brian M.; Smilowitz, Laura B.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Hehlen, MP (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Mailstop E549, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM hehlen@lanl.gov NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2160-9020 BN 978-1-55752-973-2 J9 CONF LASER ELECTR PY 2013 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA BC7WX UT WOS:000355262503002 ER PT S AU Hollingsworth, JA Werner, JH Htoon, H Piryatinski, A Schaller, R Ghosh, Y Dennis, AM Keller, AM Mangum, B Hannah, DC AF Hollingsworth, Jennifer A. Werner, James H. Htoon, Han Piryatinski, Andrei Schaller, Richard Ghosh, Yagnaseni Dennis, Allison M. Keller, Aaron M. Mangum, Benjamin Hannah, Daniel C. GP IEEE TI Non-blinking "Giant" Nanocrystal Quantum Dots: Ideal Probes for Real-time Three-dimensional Tracking SO 2013 CONFERENCE ON LASERS AND ELECTRO-OPTICS (CLEO) SE Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO) CY JUN 09-14, 2013 CL San Jose, CA ID SUPPRESSED BLINKING; LIVE CELLS AB We describe the development and characterization of two novel non-blinking "giant" nanocrystal quantum dot (g-NQD) systems and their application to single-particle tracking in live cells real-time and in three dimensions. The two g-NQDs - CdSe/CdS and InP/CdS - are characterized by a thick shell layer (>10 monolayers of CdS), a quasi-type-II or type-II electronic structure, and extremely suppressed non-radiative Auger recombination and photobleaching, in addition to suppressed blinking. We show that these unique traits make this new class of NQD ideal molecular probes for observing spatio-temporal dynamics of cellular processes. C1 [Hollingsworth, Jennifer A.; Werner, James H.; Htoon, Han; Ghosh, Yagnaseni; Dennis, Allison M.; Keller, Aaron M.; Mangum, Benjamin] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Mat Phys & Applicat Ctr Integrated Nanotechnol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Piryatinski, Andrei] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Theoret Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Schaller, Richard] Northwestern Univ, Dept Chem, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Nanoscale Mat, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Hollingsworth, JA (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Mat Phys & Applicat Ctr Integrated Nanotechnol, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM jenn@lanl.gov NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2160-9020 BN 978-1-55752-973-2 J9 CONF LASER ELECTR PY 2013 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA BC7WX UT WOS:000355262505235 ER PT S AU Hsieh, P Chung, C McMillan, JF Lu, M Panoiu, NC Wong, CW AF Hsieh, P. Chung, C. McMillan, J. F. Lu, M. Panoiu, N. C. Wong, C. W. GP IEEE TI Observations of collimating bound surface states in slow-light photonic crystal superlattices SO 2013 CONFERENCE ON LASERS AND ELECTRO-OPTICS (CLEO) SE Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO) CY JUN 09-14, 2013 CL San Jose, CA AB We present measurements and modeling of collimating surface states in slow-light photonic crystal superlattices consisting of alternating dispersive and homogeneous media. Superlattice periodicity allows evanescent-wave resonant coupling to surface photon bound states, supporting collimation. (C) 2013 Optical Society of America C1 [Hsieh, P.; McMillan, J. F.; Wong, C. W.] Columbia Univ, Opt Nanostruct Lab, New York, NY 10027 USA. [Chung, C.] Natl Cheng Kung Univ, Ctr Micornano Sci & Technol, Tainan 70101, Taiwan. [Lu, M.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Ctr Funct Nanomat, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Panoiu, N. C.] UCL, Dept Elect & Elect Engn, Photon Grp, London WC1E 7JE, England. RP Hsieh, P (reprint author), Columbia Univ, Opt Nanostruct Lab, New York, NY 10027 USA. EM ph2285@columbia.edu; cww2104@columbia.edu RI Panoiu, Nicolae-Coriolan/G-1256-2014 OI Panoiu, Nicolae-Coriolan/0000-0001-5666-2116 NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2160-9020 BN 978-1-55752-973-2 J9 CONF LASER ELECTR PY 2013 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA BC7WX UT WOS:000355262504119 ER PT S AU Hurtado, A Xu, H Wright, JB Liu, S Li, Q Wang, GT Luk, TS Figiel, JJ Cross, K Balakrishnan, G Lester, LF Brener, I AF Hurtado, A. Xu, H. Wright, J. B. Liu, Sheng Li, Q. Wang, G. T. Luk, T. S. Figiel, J. J. Cross, K. Balakrishnan, G. Lester, L. F. Brener, I. GP IEEE TI Polarization Properties of GaN Nanowire Lasers SO 2013 CONFERENCE ON LASERS AND ELECTRO-OPTICS (CLEO) SE Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO) CY JUN 09-14, 2013 CL San Jose, CA AB The polarization properties of GaN nanowire lasers are studied experimentally by analyzing their end-facet emission. We demonstrate that the polarization state varies for different transverse modes. Linear and elliptical polarizations are observed in our measurements. C1 [Hurtado, A.; Xu, H.; Wright, J. B.; Balakrishnan, G.; Lester, L. F.] Univ New Mexico, Ctr High Technol Mat, Albuquerque, NM 87106 USA. [Hurtado, A.] Univ Essex, Sch Comp Sci & Elect Engn, Colchester CO4 3SQ, Essex, England. [Liu, Sheng; Luk, T. S.; Brener, I.] Sandia Natl Labs, Ctr Integrated Nanotechnol, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Wright, J. B.; Liu, Sheng; Li, Q.; Wang, G. T.; Luk, T. S.; Figiel, J. J.; Cross, K.; Brener, I.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Hurtado, A (reprint author), Univ New Mexico, Ctr High Technol Mat, 1313 Goddard St SE, Albuquerque, NM 87106 USA. EM ahurt@essex.ac.uk NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2160-9020 BN 978-1-55752-973-2 J9 CONF LASER ELECTR PY 2013 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA BC7WX UT WOS:000355262503178 ER PT S AU Jha, PK Yin, XB Zhang, X AF Jha, Pankaj K. Yin, Xiaobo Zhang, Xiang GP IEEE TI Coherence-Enhanced Surface Plasmon Polariton Propagation Length SO 2013 CONFERENCE ON LASERS AND ELECTRO-OPTICS (CLEO) SE Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO) CY JUN 09-14, 2013 CL San Jose, CA AB We theoretically demonstrate, an order of magnitude enhancement in propagation length of SPPs (visible wavelength) along a metal-phaseonium interface via quantum coherence. Such coherence effects hold promise for quantum control in the field of nanophotonics. (C) 2013 Optical Society of America C1 [Jha, Pankaj K.; Yin, Xiaobo; Zhang, Xiang] Univ Calif Berkeley, NSF Nanoscale Sci & Engn Ctr NSEC, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Yin, Xiaobo; Zhang, Xiang] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Jha, PK (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, NSF Nanoscale Sci & Engn Ctr NSEC, 5130 Etcheverry Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM pkjha@berkeley.edu NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2160-9020 BN 978-1-55752-973-2 J9 CONF LASER ELECTR PY 2013 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA BC7WX UT WOS:000355262505170 ER PT S AU Jun, YC Reno, JL Sinclair, M Brener, I AF Jun, Young Chul Reno, John L. Sinclair, Mike Brener, Igal GP IEEE TI Epsilon-Near-Zero Subwavelength Optoelectronics: Electrically Tunable ENZ Strong Coupling SO 2013 CONFERENCE ON LASERS AND ELECTRO-OPTICS (CLEO) SE Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO) CY JUN 09-14, 2013 CL San Jose, CA AB We demonstrate a new type of electrically tunable strong coupling between a planar metamaterial layer and an ultra-thin epsilon-near-zero layer made of a doped semiconductor. This can find novel applications in chip-scale infrared optoelectronic devices. C1 [Jun, Young Chul; Reno, John L.; Brener, Igal] Sandia Natl Labs, Ctr Integrated Nanotechnol CINT, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Jun, Young Chul; Reno, John L.; Sinclair, Mike; Brener, Igal] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Jun, YC (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Ctr Integrated Nanotechnol CINT, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM youngchul.jun@gmail.com; ibrener@sandia.gov RI Jun, Young Chul/I-2274-2013 OI Jun, Young Chul/0000-0002-7578-8811 NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2160-9020 BN 978-1-55752-973-2 J9 CONF LASER ELECTR PY 2013 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA BC7WX UT WOS:000355262505139 ER PT S AU Kaindl, RA AF Kaindl, Robert A. GP IEEE TI Few-cycle Ultrafast Probes of Quasi-1D Charge Dynamics SO 2013 CONFERENCE ON LASERS AND ELECTRO-OPTICS (CLEO) SE Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO) CY JUN 09-14, 2013 CL San Jose, CA AB We discuss the use of few-cycle near-IR and THz pulses to investigate ultrafast processes in quasi-1D nanomaterials, yielding insight into low-energy excitations of photoexcited e-h pairs in carbon nanotubes and plasmon-assisted photoemission in gold nanopillars. C1 EO Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Kaindl, RA (reprint author), EO Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM RAKaindl@lbl.gov NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2160-9020 BN 978-1-55752-973-2 J9 CONF LASER ELECTR PY 2013 PG 1 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA BC7WX UT WOS:000355262505259 ER PT S AU Kao, TY Hu, Q Reno, JL AF Kao, Tsung-Yu Hu, Qing Reno, John L. GP IEEE TI Microstrip Antenna Coupled Distributed Feedback Terahertz Quantum-Cascade Lasers SO 2013 CONFERENCE ON LASERS AND ELECTRO-OPTICS (CLEO) SE Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO) CY JUN 09-14, 2013 CL San Jose, CA AB By introducing coupled microstrip antennas on distributed feedback terahertz quantum-cascade lasers, the radiation efficiency of each aperture is greatly enhanced. Single mode emission from a 31-period antenna-coupled perfectly phase matched (PM) third-order DFB laser yields similar to 4 times improvement in output power comparing with a traditional corrugated third-order DFB laser fabricated on the same gain medium. The 31-period device has similar to 15 x 25 degrees beam divergence and 4 mW pulsed power (4% duty-cycle) at 10K with maximum lasing temperature 134K(pulsed). When phase matching condition is met, emissions from 81 apertures (4-mm long) are coherently combined to form a narrow beam with similar to 12.5 degrees divergence. (C) 2013 Optical Society of America C1 [Kao, Tsung-Yu] MIT, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Kao, Tsung-Yu; Hu, Qing] MIT, Elect Res Lab, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Reno, John L.] Sandia Natl Labs, Ctr Integrated Nanotechnol, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Kao, TY (reprint author), MIT, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. EM wilt_kao@mit.edu NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2160-9020 BN 978-1-55752-973-2 J9 CONF LASER ELECTR PY 2013 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA BC7WX UT WOS:000355262504028 ER PT S AU Karl, N Reichel, K Chen, HT Taylor, AJ Brener, I Benz, A Reno, J Mendis, R Mittleman, DM AF Karl, N. Reichel, K. Chen, H. -T. Taylor, A. J. Brener, I. Benz, A. Reno, J. Mendis, R. Mittleman, D. M. GP IEEE TI Active Metamaterial Diffraction Grating SO 2013 CONFERENCE ON LASERS AND ELECTRO-OPTICS (CLEO) SE Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO) CY JUN 09-14, 2013 CL San Jose, CA AB We design and test a switchable diffraction grating based on active metamaterials for terahertz modulation. We observe off-axis diffraction which permits operation of the device as a narrowband high-contrast modulator. C1 [Karl, N.; Reichel, K.; Mendis, R.; Mittleman, D. M.] Rice Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Houston, TX 77251 USA. [Chen, H. -T.; Taylor, A. J.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Integrated Nanotechnol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Brener, I.; Benz, A.; Reno, J.] Sandia Natl Labs, Ctr Integrated Nanotechnol, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Karl, N (reprint author), Rice Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, MS 378, Houston, TX 77251 USA. EM daniel@rice.edu NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2160-9020 BN 978-1-55752-973-2 J9 CONF LASER ELECTR PY 2013 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA BC7WX UT WOS:000355262501192 ER PT S AU Kim, I Campione, S Howell, SW Subramania, GS Grubbs, RK Brener, I Chen, HT Fan, SH Sinclair, MB Luk, TS AF Kim, Iltai Campione, Salvatore Howell, Stephen W. Subramania, Ganapathi S. Grubbs, Robert K. Brener, Igal Chen, Hou-Tong Fan, Shanhui Sinclair, Michael B. Luk, Ting S. GP IEEE TI Dispersion control of near-infrared surface plasmon polariton using hyperbolic metamaterials SO 2013 CONFERENCE ON LASERS AND ELECTRO-OPTICS (CLEO) SE Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO) CY JUN 09-14, 2013 CL San Jose, CA AB We demonstrate dispersion control of near-infrared surface plasmon polariton by tuning the filling fraction of a multilayer metallo-dielectric hyperbolic metamaterial. We show that effective medium approximation accurately provides the dispersion behavior for a structure with only 2.5 periods. C1 [Kim, Iltai; Howell, Stephen W.; Subramania, Ganapathi S.; Grubbs, Robert K.; Brener, Igal; Sinclair, Michael B.; Luk, Ting S.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87123 USA. [Kim, Iltai; Brener, Igal; Luk, Ting S.] Sandia Natl Labs, Ctr Integrated Nanotechnol, Albuquerque, NM 87123 USA. [Campione, Salvatore] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. [Chen, Hou-Tong] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Integrated Nanotechnol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Fan, Shanhui] Stanford Univ, Edward L Ginzton Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. RP Kim, I (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, 1515 Eubank SE, Albuquerque, NM 87123 USA. EM ikim@sandia.gov NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2160-9020 BN 978-1-55752-973-2 J9 CONF LASER ELECTR PY 2013 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA BC7WX UT WOS:000355262504118 ER PT S AU Kolchin, P Pholchai, N Mikkelsen, MH Oh, JY Ota, S Islam, MS Yin, XB Zhang, X AF Kolchin, Pavel Pholchai, Nitipat Mikkelsen, Maiken H. Oh, Jinyong Ota, Sadao Islam, M. Saif Yin, Xiaobo Zhang, Xiang GP IEEE TI Single-emitter quantum electrodynamics in a one-dimensional dielectric continuum far beyond the diffraction limit SO 2013 CONFERENCE ON LASERS AND ELECTRO-OPTICS (CLEO) SE Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO) CY JUN 09-14, 2013 CL San Jose, CA AB We demonstrate a single emitter all-dielectric QED system that concentrates light at nanometer scale. The emitter exhibits a record high 31-fold emission enhancement with strongly suppressed blinking. 80% of emission couples into a waveguide mode. C1 [Kolchin, Pavel; Pholchai, Nitipat; Mikkelsen, Maiken H.; Ota, Sadao; Yin, Xiaobo; Zhang, Xiang] Univ Calif Berkeley, NSF Nanoscale Sci & Engn Ctr NSEC, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Pholchai, Nitipat; Zhang, Xiang] Univ Calif Berkeley, Appl Sci & Technol Grad Grp, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Oh, Jinyong; Islam, M. Saif] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Davis, CA 85616 USA. [Zhang, Xiang] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Kolchin, P (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, NSF Nanoscale Sci & Engn Ctr NSEC, 3112 Etcheverry Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM pdkolchin@gmail.com NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2160-9020 BN 978-1-55752-973-2 J9 CONF LASER ELECTR PY 2013 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA BC7WX UT WOS:000355262504251 ER PT S AU Lavrik, N AF Lavrik, Nickolay GP IEEE TI Modeling, Fabrication, and Characterization of Disc on Pillar Structures for Optical Field Enhancement and Extreme Nanofocusing SO 2013 CONFERENCE ON LASERS AND ELECTRO-OPTICS (CLEO) SE Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO) CY JUN 09-14, 2013 CL San Jose, CA ID RAMAN-SCATTERING; LARGE-AREA; SPECTROSCOPY AB Optimization of plasmonic disc on pillar (DOP) structures guided by FDTD simulations, their deterministic fabrication and characterization by both Raman microscopy and dark-field spectroscopy are discussed. SERS enhancement factors exceeding 10(9) are achieved using optimized DOP structures. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Nanophase Mat Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. RP Lavrik, N (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Nanophase Mat Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. EM lavriknv@ornl.gov NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2160-9020 BN 978-1-55752-973-2 J9 CONF LASER ELECTR PY 2013 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA BC7WX UT WOS:000355262505275 ER PT S AU Law, S Roberts, C Kilpatrick, T Yu, L Ribaudo, T Shaner, EA Podolskiy, V Wasserman, D AF Law, S. Roberts, C. Kilpatrick, T. Yu, L. Ribaudo, T. Shaner, E. A. Podolskiy, V. Wasserman, D. GP IEEE TI All-Semiconductor Plasmonic Perfect Absorber SO 2013 CONFERENCE ON LASERS AND ELECTRO-OPTICS (CLEO) SE Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO) CY JUN 09-14, 2013 CL San Jose, CA AB We demonstrate a mid-infrared perfect absorber fabricated only from highly-doped semiconductors. A strong (>98%) absorption resonance is observed which is effectively independent of lateral geometry, but highly dependent on the vertical profile. (C) 2013 Optical Society of America C1 [Law, S.; Kilpatrick, T.; Yu, L.; Wasserman, D.] Univ Illinois, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Roberts, C.; Podolskiy, V.] Univ Massachusetts Lowell, Dept Phys & Appl Phys, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. [Ribaudo, T.; Shaner, E. A.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Law, S (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2160-9020 BN 978-1-55752-973-2 J9 CONF LASER ELECTR PY 2013 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA BC7WX UT WOS:000355262501228 ER PT S AU Lawrie, B Evans, P Pooser, R AF Lawrie, Benjamin Evans, Philip Pooser, Raphael GP IEEE TI Transduction and Control of Sqeezed Light Sources by Localized and Propagating Surface Plasmons SO 2013 CONFERENCE ON LASERS AND ELECTRO-OPTICS (CLEO) SE Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO) CY JUN 09-14, 2013 CL San Jose, CA AB The transduction of multi-spatial-mode squeezed light sources by localized surface plasmon mediated extraordinary-optical-transmission provides a basis for nanoscale quantum information protocols and quantum enhanced biosensing. C1 [Lawrie, Benjamin; Evans, Philip; Pooser, Raphael] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Computat Sci & Engn Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Lawrie, B (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Computat Sci & Engn Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM lawriebj@ornl.gov RI Lawrie, Benjamin/B-7182-2016 OI Lawrie, Benjamin/0000-0003-1431-066X NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2160-9020 BN 978-1-55752-973-2 J9 CONF LASER ELECTR PY 2013 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA BC7WX UT WOS:000355262505274 ER PT S AU Leone, SR AF Leone, Stephen R. GP IEEE TI Probing of Atomic and Molecular Dynamics with Attosecond Pulses SO 2013 CONFERENCE ON LASERS AND ELECTRO-OPTICS (CLEO) SE Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO) CY JUN 09-14, 2013 CL San Jose, CA AB Extreme ultraviolet pulses produced by high order harmonic generation are used to probe ultrafast atomic and molecular dynamics. States of high field ionization, coherent superpositions, and alignment are obtained by core level transient absorption spectroscopy. C1 [Leone, Stephen R.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Leone, Stephen R.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Leone, Stephen R.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Leone, SR (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, 209 Gilman Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM srl@berkeley.edu NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2160-9020 BN 978-1-55752-973-2 J9 CONF LASER ELECTR PY 2013 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA BC7WX UT WOS:000355262504035 ER PT S AU Li, LZ Hodges, JS Chen, EH Trusheim, M Gaathon, O Lu, M Bayn, I Schroder, T Hu, XL Englund, D AF Li, Luozhou Hodges, Jonathan S. Chen, Edward H. Trusheim, Matthew Gaathon, Ophir Lu, Ming Bayn, Igal Schroeder, Tim Hu, Xiaolong Englund, Dirk GP IEEE TI Fabrication of high-purity single-crystal diamond nano-slabs for photonic applications SO 2013 CONFERENCE ON LASERS AND ELECTRO-OPTICS (CLEO) SE Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO) CY JUN 09-14, 2013 CL San Jose, CA AB We present a mass fabrication method of diamond nanoscale slabs by alternating plasma etching and mask deposition. These slabs support NV-spins with long coherence times and are suitable for a range of nanophotonic devices. C1 [Li, Luozhou; Hodges, Jonathan S.; Gaathon, Ophir; Bayn, Igal; Schroeder, Tim; Hu, Xiaolong; Englund, Dirk] Columbia Univ, Dept Elect Engn, New York, NY 10027 USA. [Chen, Edward H.; Trusheim, Matthew; Englund, Dirk] Columbia Univ, Dept Appl Phys & Appl Math, New York, NY 10027 USA. [Lu, Ming] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Ctr Funct Nanomat, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Li, LZ (reprint author), Columbia Univ, Dept Elect Engn, New York, NY 10027 USA. EM LL2670@columbia.edu RI Schroder, Tim/M-8624-2014 OI Schroder, Tim/0000-0001-9017-0254 NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2160-9020 BN 978-1-55752-973-2 J9 CONF LASER ELECTR PY 2013 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA BC7WX UT WOS:000355262502158 ER PT S AU Li, TQ Patz, A Yan, JQ Lograsso, TA Mouchliadis, L Perakis, IE Wang, JG AF Li, Tianqi Patz, Aaron Yan, Jiaqiang Lograsso, Thomas A. Mouchliadis, Leonidas Perakis, Ilias E. Wang, Jigang GP IEEE TI Speeding up of Transient Carrier Relaxation during Non-Equilibrium Photoinduced Phase Transition in Manganites SO 2013 CONFERENCE ON LASERS AND ELECTRO-OPTICS (CLEO) SE Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO) CY JUN 09-14, 2013 CL San Jose, CA AB We observe a distinct excitation-fluence-dependent transient carrier relaxation in a strongly correlated colossal magnetoresistive manganite that correlates with photoinduced magnetic and electronic phase transitions characterized by nonlinear photoexcitation behaviors. (C) 2013 Optical Society of America C1 [Li, Tianqi; Patz, Aaron; Wang, Jigang] Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Li, Tianqi; Patz, Aaron; Yan, Jiaqiang; Lograsso, Thomas A.; Wang, Jigang] US DOE, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Mouchliadis, Leonidas; Perakis, Ilias E.] Univ Crete, Dept Phys, Iraklion, Greece. RP Li, TQ (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2160-9020 BN 978-1-55752-973-2 J9 CONF LASER ELECTR PY 2013 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA BC7WX UT WOS:000355262505319 ER PT S AU Lindl, J AF Lindl, John CA NIC Team GP IEEE TI Progress Toward Ignition on the National Ignition Facility SO 2013 CONFERENCE ON LASERS AND ELECTRO-OPTICS (CLEO) SE Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO) CY JUN 09-14, 2013 CL San Jose, CA AB NIF has achieved compressed fuel pressures within a factor of 2-3 of those required for ignition. This talk will summarize progress to date and the efforts under way to take us the rest of the way to ignition.. C1 [Lindl, John; NIC Team] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94450 USA. RP Lindl, J (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94450 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2160-9020 BN 978-1-55752-973-2 J9 CONF LASER ELECTR PY 2013 PG 1 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA BC7WX UT WOS:000355262501070 ER PT S AU Liu, S Jun, YC Mahony, TS Ginn, J Bender, DA Wendt, JR Ihlefeld, JF Clem, PG Wright, JB Sinclair, MB Brener, I AF Liu, Sheng Jun, Young Chul Mahony, Thomas S. Ginn, James Bender, Daniel A. Wendt, Joel R. Ihlefeld, Jon F. Clem, Paul G. Wright, Jeremy B. Sinclair, Michael B. Brener, Igal GP IEEE TI Demonstration of Dielectric Optical Magnetic Mirrors Using Phase-locked Infrared Time-domain Spectroscopy SO 2013 CONFERENCE ON LASERS AND ELECTRO-OPTICS (CLEO) SE Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO) CY JUN 09-14, 2013 CL San Jose, CA AB We directly demonstrate a dielectric optical magnetic mirror using phase-locked mid-infrared time-domain spectroscopy. This magnetic mirror is formed by micron-sized cubes of tellurium fabricated on a dielectric substrate. C1 [Liu, Sheng; Jun, Young Chul; Mahony, Thomas S.; Ginn, James; Bender, Daniel A.; Wendt, Joel R.; Ihlefeld, Jon F.; Clem, Paul G.; Wright, Jeremy B.; Sinclair, Michael B.; Brener, Igal] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Liu, Sheng; Jun, Young Chul; Mahony, Thomas S.; Brener, Igal] Sandia Natl Labs, Ctr Integrated Nanotechnol, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Liu, S (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM snliu@sandia.gov RI Jun, Young Chul/I-2274-2013 OI Jun, Young Chul/0000-0002-7578-8811 NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2160-9020 BN 978-1-55752-973-2 J9 CONF LASER ELECTR PY 2013 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA BC7WX UT WOS:000355262504114 ER PT S AU Liu, S Ihlefeld, JF Dominguez, J Gonzales, EF Bower, JE Burckel, BD Sinclair, MB Brener, I AF Liu, Sheng Ihlefeld, Jon F. Dominguez, Jason Gonzales, Edward F. Bower, John Eric Burckel, Bruce D. Sinclair, Michael B. Brener, Igal GP IEEE TI Realization of Tellurium-based all Dielectric Optical Metamaterials using a Multi-cycle Deposition-etch Process SO 2013 CONFERENCE ON LASERS AND ELECTRO-OPTICS (CLEO) SE Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO) CY JUN 09-14, 2013 CL San Jose, CA AB Tellurium dielectric resonator metamaterials were fabricated using a newly developed multi-cycle deposition-etch process. Deposition and etching of Tellurium were studied in detail. All the samples showed two transmission minima corresponding to magnetic and electric dipole resonances. C1 [Liu, Sheng; Ihlefeld, Jon F.; Dominguez, Jason; Gonzales, Edward F.; Bower, John Eric; Burckel, Bruce D.; Sinclair, Michael B.; Brener, Igal] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Liu, Sheng; Gonzales, Edward F.; Brener, Igal] Sandia Natl Labs, Ctr Integrated Nanotechnol, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Liu, S (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM snliu@sandia.gov NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2160-9020 BN 978-1-55752-973-2 J9 CONF LASER ELECTR PY 2013 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA BC7WX UT WOS:000355262503210 ER PT S AU Liu, S Mahony, TS Bender, DA Sinclair, MB Brener, I AF Liu, Sheng Mahony, Thomas S. Bender, Daniel A. Sinclair, Michael B. Brener, Igal GP IEEE TI Stable Time-domain Spectroscopy of Femtosecond Thermal-infrared Pulses using a Carrier-envelope-phase Locked System SO 2013 CONFERENCE ON LASERS AND ELECTRO-OPTICS (CLEO) SE Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO) CY JUN 09-14, 2013 CL San Jose, CA AB We generate stable carrier-envelop-phase thermal-infrared pulses by phase-lock two generating near-infrared pulses in a difference frequency mixing setup. Our newly developed phase-matched electro-optic sampling system completely (amplitude and phase) characterizes the mid-infrared transients. C1 [Liu, Sheng; Mahony, Thomas S.; Bender, Daniel A.; Sinclair, Michael B.; Brener, Igal] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Liu, Sheng; Mahony, Thomas S.; Brener, Igal] Sandia Natl Labs, Ctr Integrated Nanotechnol, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Liu, S (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM snliu@sandia.gov NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2160-9020 BN 978-1-55752-973-2 J9 CONF LASER ELECTR PY 2013 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA BC7WX UT WOS:000355262501148 ER PT S AU Magana-Loaiza, OS Shin, H Malik, M O'Sullivan, MN Boyd, RW AF Magana-Loaiza, Omar S. Shin, Heedeuk Malik, Mehul O'Sullivan, Malcolm N. Boyd, Robert W. GP IEEE TI Enhancing entangled-state phase estimation by combining classical and quantum protocols SO 2013 CONFERENCE ON LASERS AND ELECTRO-OPTICS (CLEO) SE Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO) CY JUN 09-14, 2013 CL San Jose, CA AB We present a protocol that combines quantum and classical resources to increase the sensitivity of a phase measurement. The superresolution is achieved through the use of N00N states and multiple passes through a prism pair. (C) 2012 Optical Society of America C1 [Magana-Loaiza, Omar S.; Malik, Mehul; O'Sullivan, Malcolm N.; Boyd, Robert W.] Univ Rochester, Inst Opt, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. [Shin, Heedeuk; Boyd, Robert W.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87123 USA. Univ Ottawa, Dept Phys, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada. RP Magana-Loaiza, OS (reprint author), Univ Rochester, Inst Opt, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. EM omar.maganaloaiza@rochester.edu NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2160-9020 BN 978-1-55752-973-2 J9 CONF LASER ELECTR PY 2013 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA BC7WX UT WOS:000355262504289 ER PT S AU Matlis, NH Plateau, GR van Tilborg, J Leemans, WP AF Matlis, N. H. Plateau, G. R. van Tilborg, J. Leemans, W. P. GP IEEE TI Single-shot, spatio-temporal electro-optic mapping of THz waveforms with linear detection using Temporal Electric-field Cross-correlation (TEX) SO 2013 CONFERENCE ON LASERS AND ELECTRO-OPTICS (CLEO) SE Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO) CY JUN 09-14, 2013 CL San Jose, CA ID SPECTROSCOPY AB We present an electro-optic method for single-shot spatio-temporal THz waveform-mapping which avoids distortions associated with spectral encoding and retains the benefits of nonlinear cross-correlation but using linear detection. THz waveforms from laser-plasma accelerator are reconstructed. (C) 2013 Optical Society of America C1 [Matlis, N. H.; Plateau, G. R.; van Tilborg, J.; Leemans, W. P.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Leemans, W. P.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Matlis, NH (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM nhmatlis@lbl.gov NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2160-9020 BN 978-1-55752-973-2 J9 CONF LASER ELECTR PY 2013 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA BC7WX UT WOS:000355262503141 ER PT S AU Matlis, NH Axley, A Leemans, WP AF Matlis, Nicholas H. Axley, Andrew Leemans, Wim P. GP IEEE TI Spectral Multiplexing for Single-shot Ultrafast Tomographic Imaging SO 2013 CONFERENCE ON LASERS AND ELECTRO-OPTICS (CLEO) SE Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO) CY JUN 09-14, 2013 CL San Jose, CA AB We demonstrate, for the first time, single-shot, ultrafast computed-tomography reconstructions using spectral multiplexing. High-precision, picosecond-resolved, position and morphology measurements of a multiple-filament plasma object are presented. (C) 2013 Optical Society of America C1 [Matlis, Nicholas H.; Axley, Andrew; Leemans, Wim P.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Leemans, Wim P.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Matlis, NH (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM nhmatlis@lbl.gov; wpleemans@lbl.gov NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2160-9020 BN 978-1-55752-973-2 J9 CONF LASER ELECTR PY 2013 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA BC7WX UT WOS:000355262501149 ER PT S AU Meezan, NB AF Meezan, N. B. GP IEEE TI Hohlraum Designs for High Velocity Implosions on NIF SO 2013 CONFERENCE ON LASERS AND ELECTRO-OPTICS (CLEO) SE Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO) CY JUN 09-14, 2013 CL San Jose, CA ID NATIONAL IGNITION FACILITY; TARGETS AB Experiments measuring the velocity of hohlraum-driven implosions on the National Ignition Facility (NIF) are described, including a demonstration of the required fusion-fuel velocity V-fuel > 350 km/s with a 520 TW, 1.86 MJ laser pulse. (C) 2013 Optical Society of America C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Meezan, NB (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 808, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM meezan1@llnl.gov NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2160-9020 BN 978-1-55752-973-2 J9 CONF LASER ELECTR PY 2013 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA BC7WX UT WOS:000355262501055 ER PT S AU Mitrofanov, O Thompson, R Brener, I Pan, W Yu, W Berger, C de Heer, WA Jiang, Z AF Mitrofanov, O. Thompson, R. Brener, I. Pan, W. Yu, W. Berger, C. de Heer, W. A. Jiang, Z. GP IEEE TI THz near-field microscopy of graphene nano-ribbon arrays SO 2013 CONFERENCE ON LASERS AND ELECTRO-OPTICS (CLEO) SE Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO) CY JUN 09-14, 2013 CL San Jose, CA ID PLASMONICS; WAVES; PROBE AB We use THz near-field microscopy with broadband THz pulses to image graphene nano-ribbons and to probe surface plasmon excitation and uniformity of graphene response. 3.3nm and 7nm thick graphene layers induce (similar to 10%) absorption from 0.5-2.5THz. C1 [Mitrofanov, O.; Thompson, R.] UCL, Elect & Elect Engn, London WC1E 7JE, England. [Mitrofanov, O.; Brener, I.] Sandia Natl Labs, Ctr Integrated Technol, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Brener, I.; Pan, W.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, MN 87185 USA. [Yu, W.; Berger, C.; de Heer, W. A.; Jiang, Z.] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Phys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Berger, C.] CNRS, Inst Neel, F-38042 Grenoble, France. RP Mitrofanov, O (reprint author), UCL, Elect & Elect Engn, Torrington Pl, London WC1E 7JE, England. EM o.mitrofanov@ucl.ac.uk RI Mitrofanov, Oleg/C-1938-2008 OI Mitrofanov, Oleg/0000-0003-3510-2675 NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2160-9020 BN 978-1-55752-973-2 J9 CONF LASER ELECTR PY 2013 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA BC7WX UT WOS:000355262501255 ER PT S AU Moore, SW Soh, DBS Bisson, SE Patterson, BD Hsu, WL AF Moore, Sean W. Soh, Daniel B. S. Bisson, Scott E. Patterson, Brian D. Hsu, Wen L. GP IEEE TI Cladding pumped Q-switched fiber laser using a tapered fiber saturable absorber SO 2013 CONFERENCE ON LASERS AND ELECTRO-OPTICS (CLEO) SE Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO) CY JUN 09-14, 2013 CL San Jose, CA AB We report a passively Q-switched all-fiber laser using a large mode area Yb3+-doped fiber cladding-pumped at 915 nm and an unpumped single-mode Yb3+-doped saturable absorber fiber. 60 mu J 80 ns pulses at 1030 nm are reported. C1 [Moore, Sean W.; Soh, Daniel B. S.; Bisson, Scott E.; Patterson, Brian D.; Hsu, Wen L.] Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Moore, SW (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, 7011 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM seamoor@sandia.gov NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2160-9020 BN 978-1-55752-973-2 J9 CONF LASER ELECTR PY 2013 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA BC7WX UT WOS:000355262501101 ER PT S AU Moses, EI AF Moses, E. I. GP IEEE TI The NIF: an International High Energy Density and Inertial Fusion User Facility SO 2013 CONFERENCE ON LASERS AND ELECTRO-OPTICS (CLEO) SE Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO) CY JUN 09-14, 2013 CL San Jose, CA AB The NIF, the world's most energetic laser has been operational since 2009, and is now transitioning to an international user facility for high-energy-density and inertial fusion research. This paper summarizes NIF's experimental capabilities and results. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Moses, EI (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, 7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM moses1@llnl.gov NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2160-9020 BN 978-1-55752-973-2 J9 CONF LASER ELECTR PY 2013 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA BC7WX UT WOS:000355262501076 ER PT S AU Muller, EA Bechtel, HA Pollard, B Olmon, RL Martin, MC Raschke, MB AF Muller, Eric A. Bechtel, Hans A. Pollard, Benjamin Olmon, Robert L. Martin, Michael C. Raschke, Markus B. GP IEEE TI Antenna-Mediated Near Field Spectroscopic Imaging: Extension to the Time and Frequency Domains SO 2013 CONFERENCE ON LASERS AND ELECTRO-OPTICS (CLEO) SE Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO) CY JUN 09-14, 2013 CL San Jose, CA AB Scattering scanning near field microscopy is capable of measuring the response of a material to incident infrared light with a resolution determined by the tip radius of the antenna. We present new methods and results here, in which broad band and ultrafast sources are used to extend this technique into the time and frequency domains. C1 [Muller, Eric A.; Pollard, Benjamin; Olmon, Robert L.; Raschke, Markus B.] Univ Colorado, Dept Phys, Dept Chem, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Muller, Eric A.; Pollard, Benjamin; Olmon, Robert L.; Raschke, Markus B.] Univ Colorado, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Bechtel, Hans A.; Martin, Michael C.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Adv Light Source, Berkeley, CA USA. RP Muller, EA (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Dept Phys, Dept Chem, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. EM Eric.muller@colorado.edu RI Muller, Eric/J-2161-2012; Raschke, Markus/F-8023-2013 OI Muller, Eric/0000-0002-9629-1767; NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2160-9020 BN 978-1-55752-973-2 J9 CONF LASER ELECTR PY 2013 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA BC7WX UT WOS:000355262505209 ER PT S AU Murphy, RD Torralva, B Adams, DP Yalisove, SM AF Murphy, Ryan D. Torralva, Ben Adams, David P. Yalisove, Steven M. GP IEEE TI The Role of Surface Plasmon Polariton Excitation in Laser Induced Periodic Structure Formation After Single-Shot Ultrafast Irradiation of Au Microstructures SO 2013 CONFERENCE ON LASERS AND ELECTRO-OPTICS (CLEO) SE Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO) CY JUN 09-14, 2013 CL San Jose, CA AB Single-shot ultrafast irradiation of Au microstructures on Si substrates forms Laser Induced Periodic Structures (LIPS) on Si surfaces near features. Surface plasmon polariton excitation influences LIPS formation for certain polarization vector orientations with edges. C1 [Murphy, Ryan D.] Univ Michigan, Appl Phys Program, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Torralva, Ben] Univ Michigan, Dept Atmospher Ocean & Space Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Adams, David P.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87123 USA. [Yalisove, Steven M.] Univ Michigan, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. RP Murphy, RD (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Appl Phys Program, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. EM rmurph@umich.edu NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 3 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2160-9020 BN 978-1-55752-973-2 J9 CONF LASER ELECTR PY 2013 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA BC7WX UT WOS:000355262502089 ER PT S AU Nejdl, J Howlett, ID Carlton, D Anderson, EH Chao, W Marconi, MC Rocca, JJ Menoni, CS AF Nejdl, J. Howlett, I. D. Carlton, D. Anderson, E. H. Chao, W. Marconi, M. C. Rocca, J. J. Menoni, C. S. GP IEEE TI Soft X-Ray Image Plane Holographic Microscopy SO 2013 CONFERENCE ON LASERS AND ELECTRO-OPTICS (CLEO) SE Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO) CY JUN 09-14, 2013 CL San Jose, CA ID LASER AB Image plane holographic microscopy is demonstrated combining coherent illumination from a compact 46.9 nm wavelength laser with Fresnel zone plate optics. The method enables imaging of low absorption samples with high resolution. C1 [Nejdl, J.; Howlett, I. D.; Carlton, D.; Anderson, E. H.; Chao, W.; Marconi, M. C.; Rocca, J. J.; Menoni, C. S.] Natl Sci Fdn Engn, Res Ctr Extreme Ultraviolet Sci & Technol, Arlington, VA 22230 USA. [Howlett, I. D.; Marconi, M. C.; Rocca, J. J.; Menoni, C. S.] Colorado State Univ, Elect & Comp Engn, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Carlton, D.; Anderson, E. H.; Chao, W.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Ctr Xray Opt, Berkeley, CA USA. [Nejdl, J.] Czech Tech Univ, FNSPE, Prague 11519, Czech Republic. RP Menoni, CS (reprint author), Natl Sci Fdn Engn, Res Ctr Extreme Ultraviolet Sci & Technol, Arlington, VA 22230 USA. EM Carmen.Menoni@colostate.edu NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2160-9020 BN 978-1-55752-973-2 J9 CONF LASER ELECTR PY 2013 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA BC7WX UT WOS:000355262504150 ER PT S AU Palaniyappan, S Shah, RC Johnson, RP Shimada, T Jung, D Gautier, DC Hegelich, BM Fernandez, JC AF Palaniyappan, Sasi Shah, R. C. Johnson, R. P. Shimada, T. Jung, D. Gautier, D. C. Hegelich, B. M. Fernandez, J. C. GP IEEE TI Single-Shot 60 dB Dynamic Range Laser Contrast Measurement Using Fourth-Order Cross-Correlation from Self-Referencing-Spectral-Interferometry (FOX-SRSI) SO 2013 CONFERENCE ON LASERS AND ELECTRO-OPTICS (CLEO) SE Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO) CY JUN 09-14, 2013 CL San Jose, CA AB Fourth-order cross-correlation of the laser pulse is obtained from the spectral interferogram produced from the laser pulse and a self-created reference pulse. High dynamic range contrast measurement (60 dB) is demonstrated by measuring an imposed pre-pulse. C1 [Palaniyappan, Sasi; Shah, R. C.; Johnson, R. P.; Shimada, T.; Jung, D.; Gautier, D. C.; Fernandez, J. C.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Plasma Phys P 24, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Hegelich, B. M.] Univ Texas Austin, Dept Phys, Austin, TX 87545 USA. RP Palaniyappan, S (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Plasma Phys P 24, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM sasi@lanl.gov NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2160-9020 BN 978-1-55752-973-2 J9 CONF LASER ELECTR PY 2013 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA BC7WX UT WOS:000355262501006 ER PT S AU Pelton, M AF Pelton, Matthew GP IEEE TI Ultrafast Processes in Semiconductor Nanocrystals and Metal Nanoparticles SO 2013 CONFERENCE ON LASERS AND ELECTRO-OPTICS (CLEO) SE Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO) CY JUN 09-14, 2013 CL San Jose, CA AB I will describe our studies of ultrafast light-induced processes in semiconductor nanocrystals and metal nanoparticles, including acoustic vibrations in gold nanoparticles and charge separation in metal clusters and semiconductor nanocrystal heterostructures. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Nanoscale Mat, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Pelton, M (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Nanoscale Mat, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM pelton@anl.gov NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2160-9020 BN 978-1-55752-973-2 J9 CONF LASER ELECTR PY 2013 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA BC7WX UT WOS:000355262505273 ER PT S AU Phillips, MC Taubman, MS AF Phillips, M. C. Taubman, M. S. GP IEEE TI Intracavity Sensing via Compliance Voltage Measurement in an External Cavity Quantum Cascade Laser SO 2013 CONFERENCE ON LASERS AND ELECTRO-OPTICS (CLEO) SE Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO) CY JUN 09-14, 2013 CL San Jose, CA AB We present experimental demonstration of a new technique for trace gas sensing by measuring changes in the compliance voltage spectrum of an external cavity quantum cascade laser due to intracavity absorbing species. C1 [Phillips, M. C.; Taubman, M. S.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Phillips, MC (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM mark.phillips@pnnl.gov NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2160-9020 BN 978-1-55752-973-2 J9 CONF LASER ELECTR PY 2013 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA BC7WX UT WOS:000355262503150 ER PT S AU Pomerantz, I Blakeney, J Dyer, G Fuller, L Gaul, E Gautier, DC Jung, D Meadows, AR Shah, R Wang, C Fernandez, JC Ditmire, T Hegelich, BM AF Pomerantz, I. Blakeney, J. Dyer, G. Fuller, L. Gaul, E. Gautier, D. C. Jung, D. Meadows, A. R. Shah, R. Wang, C. Fernandez, J. C. Ditmire, T. Hegelich, B. M. GP IEEE TI Laser Driven Neutron Generation at the Texas Petawatt SO 2013 CONFERENCE ON LASERS AND ELECTRO-OPTICS (CLEO) SE Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO) CY JUN 09-14, 2013 CL San Jose, CA AB A bright laser-driven neutron source was demonstrated at the Texas Petawatt laser facility. Neutron yields in excess of 109 neutrons/shot with a fairly isotropic distribution were measured. C1 [Pomerantz, I.; Blakeney, J.; Dyer, G.; Fuller, L.; Gaul, E.; Meadows, A. R.; Ditmire, T.; Hegelich, B. M.] Univ Texas Austin, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Gautier, D. C.; Jung, D.; Shah, R.; Wang, C.; Fernandez, J. C.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Pomerantz, I (reprint author), Univ Texas Austin, Austin, TX 78712 USA. EM ipom@physics.utexas.edu NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2160-9020 BN 978-1-55752-973-2 J9 CONF LASER ELECTR PY 2013 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA BC7WX UT WOS:000355262505133 ER PT S AU Qi, J Haraldsen, JT Zhu, JX Yan, L Trugman, SA Jia, QX Taylor, AJ Prasankumar, RP AF Qi, J. Haraldsen, J. T. Zhu, J. -X. Yan, L. Trugman, S. A. Jia, Q. X. Taylor, A. J. Prasankumar, R. P. GP IEEE TI Coupling between antiferromagnetic and superconducting order in an oxide heterostructure revealed using ultrafast optical spectroscopy SO 2013 CONFERENCE ON LASERS AND ELECTRO-OPTICS (CLEO) SE Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO) CY JUN 09-14, 2013 CL San Jose, CA ID YBA2CU3O7-DELTA; DYNAMICS AB Ultrafast optical pump-probe spectroscopy is used to study a heterostructure consisting of superconducting and antiferromagnetic films. We observed a new slow relaxation process that reveals the interaction between superconducting and antiferromagnetic order at the interface. C1 [Qi, J.; Haraldsen, J. T.; Zhu, J. -X.; Yan, L.; Trugman, S. A.; Jia, Q. X.; Taylor, A. J.; Prasankumar, R. P.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Integrated Nanotechnol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Haraldsen, J. T.; Zhu, J. -X.; Trugman, S. A.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Qi, J (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Integrated Nanotechnol, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM jingbo@lanl.gov; rpprasan@lanl.gov NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2160-9020 BN 978-1-55752-973-2 J9 CONF LASER ELECTR PY 2013 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA BC7WX UT WOS:000355262505317 ER PT S AU Reichardt, TA Collins, AM Timlin, JA McBride, RC Behnke, CA AF Reichardt, Thomas A. Collins, Aaron M. Timlin, Jerilyn A. McBride, Robert C. Behnke, Craig A. GP IEEE TI Spectroradiometric Monitoring of Open Algal Cultures SO 2013 CONFERENCE ON LASERS AND ELECTRO-OPTICS (CLEO) SE Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO) CY JUN 09-14, 2013 CL San Jose, CA AB The outdoor culturing of green algae is monitored with a dual-channel spectroradiometer. The measured reflectance provides information regarding growth rate and light usage, demonstrating potential to meet the monitoring needs for algal biofuel production. C1 [Reichardt, Thomas A.] Sandia Natl Labs, Remote Sensing & Energet Mat Dept, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. [Collins, Aaron M.; Timlin, Jerilyn A.] Sandia Natl Labs, Bioenergy & Def Technol Dept, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [McBride, Robert C.; Behnke, Craig A.] Sapphire Energy, San Diego, CA 92121 USA. RP Reichardt, TA (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Remote Sensing & Energet Mat Dept, POB 969,MS 9056, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM tareich@sandia.gov NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2160-9020 BN 978-1-55752-973-2 J9 CONF LASER ELECTR PY 2013 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA BC7WX UT WOS:000355262501038 ER PT S AU Rho, J Yang, XD Yao, J Yin, XB Zhang, X AF Rho, Junsuk Yang, Xiaodong Yao, Jie Yin, Xiaobo Zhang, Xiang GP IEEE TI Three-dimensional Indefinite Metamaterial Nanocavities with Anomalous Scaling Law SO 2013 CONFERENCE ON LASERS AND ELECTRO-OPTICS (CLEO) SE Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO) CY JUN 09-14, 2013 CL San Jose, CA ID CAVITIES AB We demonstrate truly deep sub-wavelength nanoscale metamaterial optical nanocavities with anomalous scaling laws, by incorporating indefinite metamaterials with hyperbolic dispersion. Cavities with sizes down to similar to lambda/20 and high effective refractive index of 17.4 are realized. C1 [Rho, Junsuk; Yang, Xiaodong; Yao, Jie; Yin, Xiaobo; Zhang, Xiang] Univ Calif Berkeley, NSF Nanoscale Sci & Engn Ctr, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Rho, Junsuk; Yang, Xiaodong; Yin, Xiaobo; Zhang, Xiang] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Sci Mat, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Rho, J (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, NSF Nanoscale Sci & Engn Ctr, 3112 Etcheverry Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM xiang@berkeley.edu NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2160-9020 BN 978-1-55752-973-2 J9 CONF LASER ELECTR PY 2013 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA BC7WX UT WOS:000355262504113 ER PT S AU Rohringer, N Weninger, C Purvis, M Ryan, D Brown, G Albert, F Dunn, J Graf, A Hau-Riege, S Bozek, JD Bostedt, C London, RA Rocca, JJ AF Rohringer, N. Weninger, C. Purvis, M. Ryan, D. Brown, G. Albert, F. Dunn, J. Graf, A. Hau-Riege, S. Bozek, J. D. Bostedt, C. London, R. A. Rocca, J. J. GP IEEE TI Atomic Inner-Shell X-Ray Lasers pumped by XFEL sources SO 2013 CONFERENCE ON LASERS AND ELECTRO-OPTICS (CLEO) SE Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO) CY JUN 09-14, 2013 CL San Jose, CA AB We present results on the realization of an atomic inner-shell x-ray laser in neon at 1.46 nm wavelength, by photo-ionization pumping and, alternatively, stimulated resonant Raman scattering with an x-ray free-electron laser source. C1 [Rohringer, N.; Weninger, C.] Max Planck Inst Phys Komplexer Syst, D-01187 Dresden, Germany. [Rohringer, N.; Weninger, C.] Ctr Free Electron Laser Sci, D-22761 Hamburg, Germany. [Purvis, M.; Ryan, D.; Rocca, J. J.] Colorado State Univ, NSF ERC Extreme Ultraviolet Sci & Technol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Brown, G.; Albert, F.; Dunn, J.; Graf, A.; Hau-Riege, S.; London, R. A.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. [Bozek, J. D.; Bostedt, C.] SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. RP Rohringer, N (reprint author), Max Planck Inst Phys Komplexer Syst, Noethnitzer Str 38, D-01187 Dresden, Germany. EM nina@pks.mpg.de NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2160-9020 BN 978-1-55752-973-2 J9 CONF LASER ELECTR PY 2013 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA BC7WX UT WOS:000355262502146 ER PT S AU Sfeir, MY Camino, FE Nam, CY Black, CT AF Sfeir, Matthew Y. Camino, Fernando E. Nam, Chang-Yong Black, Charles T. GP IEEE TI Examining Nanoscale Photovoltaics with High Brightness Fourier Transform Measurements SO 2013 CONFERENCE ON LASERS AND ELECTRO-OPTICS (CLEO) SE Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO) CY JUN 09-14, 2013 CL San Jose, CA ID TRANSMISSION; HOLES AB We describe a new Facility effort utilizing high brightness Fourier transform methods, including measurements of transmission, reflection, and photoconductivity spectra, to characterize nanomaterial-based model photovoltaic devices. C1 [Sfeir, Matthew Y.; Camino, Fernando E.; Nam, Chang-Yong; Black, Charles T.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Ctr Funct Nanomat, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Sfeir, MY (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Ctr Funct Nanomat, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM msfeir@bnl.gov NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2160-9020 BN 978-1-55752-973-2 J9 CONF LASER ELECTR PY 2013 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA BC7WX UT WOS:000355262505260 ER PT S AU Shaw, BH van Tilborg, J Sokollik, T Schroeder, CB Leemans, WP AF Shaw, B. H. van Tilborg, J. Sokollik, T. Schroeder, C. B. Leemans, W. P. GP IEEE TI High-harmonic generation from replenishing solid tapes SO 2013 CONFERENCE ON LASERS AND ELECTRO-OPTICS (CLEO) SE Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO) CY JUN 09-14, 2013 CL San Jose, CA ID ACCELERATOR AB High-harmonic generation from a replenishing tape surface allows for multi-Hz applications. Operating in the sub-relativistic Coherent Wake Emission (CWE) regime, we have experimentally investigated the spectrum, conversion efficiency, and divergence for several different tape materials. (C) 2013 Optical Society of America C1 [Shaw, B. H.; van Tilborg, J.; Sokollik, T.; Schroeder, C. B.; Leemans, W. P.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, LOASIS Program, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Shaw, B. H.; Leemans, W. P.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Appl Sci & Technol Grad Grp, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Shaw, BH (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, LOASIS Program, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM BHShaw@lbl.gov RI Sokollik, Thomas/P-2584-2015 NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2160-9020 BN 978-1-55752-973-2 J9 CONF LASER ELECTR PY 2013 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA BC7WX UT WOS:000355262505277 ER PT S AU Shchegolkov, DY Reiten, MT Chowdhury, DR Taylor, AJ Azad, AK AF Shchegolkov, Dmitry Yu Reiten, Matthew T. Chowdhury, Dibakar Roy Taylor, Antoinette J. Azad, Abut K. GP IEEE TI Enhanced electro-optic modulation in a single split-ring resonator SO 2013 CONFERENCE ON LASERS AND ELECTRO-OPTICS (CLEO) SE Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO) CY JUN 09-14, 2013 CL San Jose, CA AB We study experimentally and numerically the electro-optic (EO) effect in a single split-ring-resonator (SRR) fabricated on a ZnTe-substrate resonating at 3 GHz. Measured EO signals at SRR-gap show an order of magnitude enhancement at resonance. C1 [Shchegolkov, Dmitry Yu; Reiten, Matthew T.; Chowdhury, Dibakar Roy; Taylor, Antoinette J.; Azad, Abut K.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Shchegolkov, DY (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM aazad@lal.gov NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2160-9020 BN 978-1-55752-973-2 J9 CONF LASER ELECTR PY 2013 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA BC7WX UT WOS:000355262505098 ER PT S AU Sheu, YM Trugman, SA Yan, L Chuu, CP Bi, ZX Jia, QX Taylor, AJ Prasankumar, RP AF Sheu, Yu-Miin Trugman, Stuart A. Yan, Li Chuu, Chih-Piao Bi, Zhenxing Jia, Quanxi Taylor, Antoinette J. Prasankumar, Rohit P. GP IEEE TI Photo-induced enhancement of ferroelectricity in Ba0.1Sr0.9TiO3/La0.7Sr0.3MnO3 heterostructures SO 2013 CONFERENCE ON LASERS AND ELECTRO-OPTICS (CLEO) SE Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO) CY JUN 09-14, 2013 CL San Jose, CA ID THIN-FILMS AB We optically create an enhanced ferroelectric polarization in ferroelectric/ferromagnet heterostructures that remains stable for over one day, as detected using second harmonic generation. This opens up the possibility of non-contact optically-controlled data storage. (c) 2013 Optical Society of America C1 [Sheu, Yu-Miin; Trugman, Stuart A.; Yan, Li; Bi, Zhenxing; Jia, Quanxi; Taylor, Antoinette J.; Prasankumar, Rohit P.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Integrated Nanotechnol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Chuu, Chih-Piao] Acad Sinica, Inst Atom & Mol Sci, Taipei 10617, Taiwan. RP Sheu, YM (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Integrated Nanotechnol, MS K771, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM ymsheu@lanl.govrpprasankumar@lanl.gov NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2160-9020 BN 978-1-55752-973-2 J9 CONF LASER ELECTR PY 2013 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA BC7WX UT WOS:000355262504163 ER PT S AU Shin, H Qiu, WJ Wang, Z Rakich, PT AF Shin, Heedeuk Qiu, Wenjun Wang, Zhen Rakich, Peter T. GP IEEE TI Coherent interference of nonlinearities in nanoscale silicon waveguides: The interplay between Kerr, free-carrier dispersion, and Brillouin nonlinear responses. SO 2013 CONFERENCE ON LASERS AND ELECTRO-OPTICS (CLEO) SE Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO) CY JUN 09-14, 2013 CL San Jose, CA AB The nonlinear of a nanoscale Brillouin-active silicon waveguide is examined through heterodyne four-wave mixing experiments. The interference between Brillouin scattering, Kerr, and dispersive free-carrier nonlinearities are analytically described to explain the characteristic line-shapes observed. C1 [Shin, Heedeuk; Rakich, Peter T.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Shin, Heedeuk; Rakich, Peter T.] Yale Univ, Dept Appl Phys, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [Qiu, Wenjun] MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Wang, Zhen] Univ Texas Austin, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Austin, TX 78758 USA. RP Shin, H (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM peter.rakich@yale.edu NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2160-9020 BN 978-1-55752-973-2 J9 CONF LASER ELECTR PY 2013 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA BC7WX UT WOS:000355262502059 ER PT S AU Staude, I Miroshnichenko, AE Fofang, T Liu, S Gonzales, E Dominguez, J Decker, M Luk, TS Neshev, DN Brener, I Kivshar, YS AF Staude, Isabelle Miroshnichenko, Andrey E. Fofang, Tumasang Liu, Sheng Gonzales, Edward Dominguez, Jason Decker, Manuel Luk, Ting S. Neshev, Dragomir N. Brener, Igal Kivshar, Yuri S. GP IEEE TI Merging Magnetic and Electric Resonances for All-Dielectric Nanoantenna Arrays SO 2013 CONFERENCE ON LASERS AND ELECTRO-OPTICS (CLEO) SE Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO) CY JUN 09-14, 2013 CL San Jose, CA AB We spectrally overlap the magnetic and electric resonances in all-dielectric silicon nanodisk arrays by tuning the disk aspect ratio. This offers new opportunities for functional metasurfaces and conceptually new all-dielectric unidirectional nanoantennas. (C) 2013 Optical Society of America C1 [Staude, Isabelle; Miroshnichenko, Andrey E.; Decker, Manuel; Neshev, Dragomir N.; Kivshar, Yuri S.] Australian Natl Univ, Sch Phys & Engn, Nonlinear Phys Ctr Res, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia. [Fofang, Tumasang; Liu, Sheng; Gonzales, Edward; Dominguez, Jason; Luk, Ting S.; Brener, Igal] Sandia Natl Labs, CINT, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Staude, I (reprint author), Australian Natl Univ, Sch Phys & Engn, Nonlinear Phys Ctr Res, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia. EM ips124@physics.anu.edu.au RI Neshev, Dragomir/A-3759-2008; Miroshnichenko, Andrey/C-2170-2016 OI Neshev, Dragomir/0000-0002-4508-8646; Miroshnichenko, Andrey/0000-0001-9607-6621 NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2160-9020 BN 978-1-55752-973-2 J9 CONF LASER ELECTR PY 2013 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA BC7WX UT WOS:000355262504280 ER PT S AU Tauke-Pedretti, A Vawter, GA Whaley, GJ Skogen, EJ Overberg, M Peake, G Alford, C Torres, D Wendt, J Cajas, F AF Tauke-Pedretti, Anna Vawter, G. Allen Whaley, Gregory J. Skogen, Erik J. Overberg, Mark Peake, Gregory Alford, Charles Torres, David Wendt, Joel Cajas, Florante GP IEEE TI Photonic Integrated Circuit for Channelizing RF Signals SO 2013 CONFERENCE ON LASERS AND ELECTRO-OPTICS (CLEO) SE Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO) CY JUN 09-14, 2013 CL San Jose, CA AB A new highly-functional PIC for the channelization of wideband RF signals is presented. This chip includes integrated ring resonator filters, EAM, and a tunable laser. The operation of the integrated laser and filter are demonstrated. C1 [Tauke-Pedretti, Anna; Vawter, G. Allen; Skogen, Erik J.; Overberg, Mark; Peake, Gregory; Alford, Charles; Wendt, Joel; Cajas, Florante] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Whaley, Gregory J.] Lockheed Martin Adv Technol Labs, Eagan, MN USA. [Torres, David] LMATA Govt Serv LLC, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Tauke-Pedretti, A (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM ataukep@sandia.gov NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2160-9020 BN 978-1-55752-973-2 J9 CONF LASER ELECTR PY 2013 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA BC7WX UT WOS:000355262503062 ER PT S AU Taylor, NR Phillips, MC AF Taylor, N. R. Phillips, M. C. GP IEEE TI Measurements of Uranium Line Widths and Pressure Broadening Coefficients in Atmospheric Pressure Laser-Induced Plasmas SO 2013 CONFERENCE ON LASERS AND ELECTRO-OPTICS (CLEO) SE Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO) CY JUN 09-14, 2013 CL San Jose, CA ID ISOTOPE RATIOS; ABLATION AB Absorption spectra of neutral uranium atoms generated in a laser-induced plasma are measured with tunable diode lasers to determine line widths and pressure broadening coefficients. Various background gases are examined at pressures from 10-760 Torr. C1 [Taylor, N. R.; Phillips, M. C.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Taylor, NR (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM mark.phillips@pnnl.gov NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2160-9020 BN 978-1-55752-973-2 J9 CONF LASER ELECTR PY 2013 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA BC7WX UT WOS:000355262502349 ER PT S AU Wang, H Ulonska, S Xu, YM Ranitovic, P Kaindl, RA AF Wang, He Ulonska, Stefan Xu, Yiming Ranitovic, Predrag Kaindl, Robert A. GP IEEE TI Efficient table-top source of ultrashort XUV pulses at 50-kHz repetition rate SO 2013 CONFERENCE ON LASERS AND ELECTRO-OPTICS (CLEO) SE Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO) CY JUN 09-14, 2013 CL San Jose, CA AB We demonstrate a high-flux XUV harmonics source at 50-kHz repetition rate, exploiting favorable wavelength scaling and phasematching in ultraviolet generation fields. Direct isolation of individual narrowband harmonics between 7.9 eV and 22.3 eV is achieved. C1 [Wang, He; Ulonska, Stefan; Xu, Yiming; Ranitovic, Predrag; Kaindl, Robert A.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Wang, H (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM hewang@lbl.gov NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2160-9020 BN 978-1-55752-973-2 J9 CONF LASER ELECTR PY 2013 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA BC7WX UT WOS:000355262504265 ER PT S AU Wang, JG AF Wang, Jigang GP IEEE TI Ultrafast Order Parameter Dynamics and Critical Phenomena of Ising-Nematic Phase in Iron Pnictides SO 2013 CONFERENCE ON LASERS AND ELECTRO-OPTICS (CLEO) SE Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO) CY JUN 09-14, 2013 CL San Jose, CA AB Femtosecond-resolved polarimetry characterizes a two-step polarization recovery after non-equilibrium photoexcitation of BaFe2As2. This underpins the nematicity as an independent degree of freedom responsible for the anisotropy, which demonstrates a benchmark approach to anisotropic quantum fluids. (C) 2013 Optical Society of America C1 [Wang, Jigang] Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Wang, Jigang] Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Wang, JG (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2160-9020 BN 978-1-55752-973-2 J9 CONF LASER ELECTR PY 2013 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA BC7WX UT WOS:000355262505321 ER PT S AU Wierer, JJ Sizov, DS Neumann, A Brueck, SRJ Tsao, JY AF Wierer, Jonathan J., Jr. Sizov, Dmitry S. Neumann, Alexander Brueck, Steven R. J. Tsao, Jeffrey Y. GP IEEE TI Study of III-nitride laser diodes for solid-state lighting SO 2013 CONFERENCE ON LASERS AND ELECTRO-OPTICS (CLEO) SE Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO) CY JUN 09-14, 2013 CL San Jose, CA AB III-nitride laser diodes are explored as a next-generation light source for solid-state lighting. State-of-the-art and improved laser diodes and light-emitting diodes are compared in the areas of color rendering, efficiency, and economics. C1 [Wierer, Jonathan J., Jr.; Tsao, Jeffrey Y.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Sizov, Dmitry S.] Corning Inc, Corning, NY 14831 USA. [Neumann, Alexander; Brueck, Steven R. J.] Univ New Mexico, Ctr High Technol Mat, Albuquerque, NM 87106 USA. RP Wierer, JJ (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM jwierer@sandia.gov NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2160-9020 BN 978-1-55752-973-2 J9 CONF LASER ELECTR PY 2013 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA BC7WX UT WOS:000355262501130 ER PT S AU Williams, BP Humble, TS Grice, WP AF Williams, Brian P. Humble, Travis S. Grice, Warren P. GP IEEE TI A balanced Franson interferometer SO 2013 CONFERENCE ON LASERS AND ELECTRO-OPTICS (CLEO) SE Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO) CY JUN 09-14, 2013 CL San Jose, CA ID TIME; INTERFERENCE AB Our balanced Franson interferometer allows observation locally of Hong-Ou-Mandel and biphoton de Broglie interference and non-local Franson interference with suppressed single-photon interference. Advantages are its size, pulsed source compatibility, and passive visibility monitoring. (C) 2013 Optical Society of America C1 [Williams, Brian P.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Humble, Travis S.; Grice, Warren P.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Williams, BP (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM bpwilliams@gmail.com; humblets@ornl.gov; gricew@ornl.gov NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2160-9020 BN 978-1-55752-973-2 J9 CONF LASER ELECTR PY 2013 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA BC7WX UT WOS:000355262505213 ER PT S AU Wright, JB Liu, S Wang, GT Li, QM Koleske, DD Lu, P Xu, HW Lester, LF Luk, TS Brener, I Subramania, GS AF Wright, Jeremy B. Liu, Sheng Wang, George T. Li, Qiming Koleske, Daniel D. Lu, Ping Xu, Huiwen Lester, Luke F. Luk, Ting S. Brener, Igal Subramania, Ganapathi S. GP IEEE TI Multi-Color Arrays of III-Nitride Photonic Crystal Nanowire Lasers on a Single Chip SO 2013 CONFERENCE ON LASERS AND ELECTRO-OPTICS (CLEO) SE Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO) CY JUN 09-14, 2013 CL San Jose, CA AB We have demonstrated a multi-color array of photonic crystal lasers on a single chip. By lithographically defining the geometrical properties of the photonic crystals we have achieved tuning from 376-435 nm using a single epitaxial growth. C1 [Wright, Jeremy B.; Liu, Sheng; Wang, George T.; Li, Qiming; Koleske, Daniel D.; Lu, Ping; Luk, Ting S.; Brener, Igal; Subramania, Ganapathi S.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Wright, Jeremy B.; Xu, Huiwen; Lester, Luke F.] Univ New Mexico, Ctr High Technol Mat, Albuquerque, NM 87111 USA. [Luk, Ting S.; Brener, Igal] Sandia Natl Labs, Ctr Integrated Nanotechnol, Albuquerque, NM 87123 USA. [Lester, Luke F.; Subramania, Ganapathi S.] Univ New Mexico, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. RP Wright, JB (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM jbwrigh@sandia.gov NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2160-9020 BN 978-1-55752-973-2 J9 CONF LASER ELECTR PY 2013 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA BC7WX UT WOS:000355262502186 ER PT S AU Wu, CH Arju, N Neuner, B Ten Eyck, G Sinclair, M Brener, I Shvets, G AF Wu, Chihhui Arju, Nihal Neuner, Burton, III Ten Eyck, Gregory Sinclair, Michael Brener, Igal Shvets, Gennady GP IEEE TI All-Dielectric Metamaterials: Path to Low Losses and High Spectral Selectivity SO 2013 CONFERENCE ON LASERS AND ELECTRO-OPTICS (CLEO) SE Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO) CY JUN 09-14, 2013 CL San Jose, CA AB Ohmic losses severely limit the performance of metamaterials. High-index semiconductors offer an attractive alternative. We review several meta-surfaces based on silicon and silicon carbide enabling infrared applications such as polarization manipulation and thermal emission. (C) 2010 Optical Society of America C1 [Wu, Chihhui; Arju, Nihal; Neuner, Burton, III; Shvets, Gennady] Univ Texas Austin, Dept Phys, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Ten Eyck, Gregory; Sinclair, Michael; Brener, Igal] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Brener, Igal] Sandia Natl Labs, Ctr Integrated Nanotechnol, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Wu, CH (reprint author), Univ Texas Austin, Dept Phys, Austin, TX 78712 USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2160-9020 BN 978-1-55752-973-2 J9 CONF LASER ELECTR PY 2013 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA BC7WX UT WOS:000355262505301 ER PT S AU Wurtz, G Wiederrecht, G Zayats, A AF Wurtz, G. Wiederrecht, G. Zayats, A. GP IEEE TI Ultrafast dynamics of nanorod-based plasmonic metamaterial and their excitonic hybrids. SO 2013 CONFERENCE ON LASERS AND ELECTRO-OPTICS (CLEO) SE Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO) CY JUN 09-14, 2013 CL San Jose, CA C1 [Wurtz, G.; Zayats, A.] Kings Coll London, Dept Phys, London WC2R 2LS, England. [Wiederrecht, G.] Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Nanoscale Mat, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Wurtz, G (reprint author), Kings Coll London, Dept Phys, London WC2R 2LS, England. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2160-9020 BN 978-1-55752-973-2 J9 CONF LASER ELECTR PY 2013 PG 1 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA BC7WX UT WOS:000355262505300 ER PT S AU Zhang, P Hu, Y Li, TC Cannan, D Yin, XB Morandotti, R Chen, ZG Zhang, X AF Zhang, Peng Hu, Yi Li, Tongcang Cannan, Drake Yin, Xiaobo Morandotti, Roberto Chen, Zhigang Zhang, Xiang GP IEEE TI Mathieu and Weber accelerating beams beyond the paraxial limit SO 2013 CONFERENCE ON LASERS AND ELECTRO-OPTICS (CLEO) SE Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO) CY JUN 09-14, 2013 CL San Jose, CA ID AIRY BEAMS; MICROPARTICLES; FIELDS AB We demonstrate nonparaxial Mathieu and Weber accelerating beams, generalizing the concept of previously found accelerating beams. Such beams bend into large angles along elliptical or parabolic trajectories but still retain nondiffracting and self-healing capabilities. (C) 2013 Optical Society of America C1 [Zhang, Peng; Li, Tongcang; Yin, Xiaobo; Zhang, Xiang] Univ Calif Berkeley, NSF Nanoscale Sci & Engn Ctr, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Hu, Yi; Morandotti, Roberto] Inst Natl Rech Sci, Varennes, PQ J3X 1S2, Canada. [Hu, Yi; Chen, Zhigang] Nankai Univ, TEDA Appl Phys Sch, Tianjin 300457, Peoples R China. [Cannan, Drake; Chen, Zhigang] San Francisco State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, San Francisco, CA 94132 USA. [Yin, Xiaobo; Zhang, Xiang] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Zhang, P (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, NSF Nanoscale Sci & Engn Ctr, 3112 Etcheverry Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM xiang@berkeley.edu NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2160-9020 BN 978-1-55752-973-2 J9 CONF LASER ELECTR PY 2013 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA BC7WX UT WOS:000355262505018 ER PT S AU Zhang, Q Arikawa, T Reno, J Pan, W Watson, J Manfra, M Kono, J AF Zhang, Qi Arikawa, Takashi Reno, John Pan, Wei Watson, John Manfra, Michael Kono, Junichiro GP IEEE TI Coherent Terahertz Magneto-spectroscopy of Ultrahigh-Mobility Two-Dimensional Electron Gases SO 2013 CONFERENCE ON LASERS AND ELECTRO-OPTICS (CLEO) SE Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO) CY JUN 09-14, 2013 CL San Jose, CA AB We study the coherent dynamics of cyclotron resonance (CR) in ultrahigh-mobility two-dimensional electron gases via time-domain terahertz magneto-spectroscopy. The CR decoherence time increases with decreasing temperature but saturates below 10 K. We observe an increase in both CR decoherence rate and CR mass when holes are created via optical pumping; the latter indicates a breakdown of Kohn's theorem due to electron-hole Coulomb interactions. C1 [Zhang, Qi; Arikawa, Takashi; Kono, Junichiro] Rice Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Houston, TX 77251 USA. [Reno, John; Pan, Wei] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM USA. [Watson, John; Manfra, Michael] Purdue Univ, Dept Phys, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Zhang, Q (reprint author), Rice Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, POB 1892, Houston, TX 77251 USA. EM qi.zhang@rice.edu RI Watson, John/L-4296-2016 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2160-9020 BN 978-1-55752-973-2 J9 CONF LASER ELECTR PY 2013 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA BC7WX UT WOS:000355262505224 ER PT S AU Zheng, JJ Li, Y Goldberg, N McDonald, M Hati, A Lu, M Strauf, S Zelevinsky, T Howe, DA Wong, CW AF Zheng, Jiangjun Li, Ying Goldberg, Noam McDonald, Mickey Hati, Archita Lu, Ming Strauf, Stefan Zelevinsky, Tanya Howe, David A. Wong, Chee Wei GP IEEE TI Feedback locking of slot-type optomechanical oscillators to external low-noise reference clocks SO 2013 CONFERENCE ON LASERS AND ELECTRO-OPTICS (CLEO) SE Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO) CY JUN 09-14, 2013 CL San Jose, CA AB We demonstrated feedback and harmonic locking of chip-scale slot-type optomechanical oscillators to external low-noise reference clocks, with suppressed timing jitter by three orders of magnitude at close-to-carrier offset frequencies. C1 [Zheng, Jiangjun; Li, Ying; Goldberg, Noam; Wong, Chee Wei] Columbia Univ, Opt Nanostruct Lab, New York, NY 10027 USA. [McDonald, Mickey; Zelevinsky, Tanya] Columbia Univ, Dept Phys, New York, NY USA. [Hati, Archita; Howe, David A.] NIST, Boulder, CO 80303 USA. [Lu, Ming] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Ctr Funct Nanomat, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Strauf, Stefan] Stevens Inst Technol, Dept Phys & Engn Phys, Hoboken, NJ 07030 USA. RP Zheng, JJ (reprint author), Columbia Univ, Opt Nanostruct Lab, New York, NY 10027 USA. EM jz2356@columbia.edu; cww2104@columbia.edu RI Strauf, Stefan/H-1399-2016; Wong, Chee Wei/E-9169-2017 NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2160-9020 BN 978-1-55752-973-2 J9 CONF LASER ELECTR PY 2013 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA BC7WX UT WOS:000355262503173 ER PT S AU Zhu, LX Sandhu, S Otey, C Sinclair, MB Luk, TS Fan, SH AF Zhu, Linxiao Sandhu, Sunil Otey, Clayton Sinclair, Michael B. Luk, Ting Shan Fan, Shanhui GP IEEE TI Temporal Coupled mode theory for thermal emission from a single emitter SO 2013 CONFERENCE ON LASERS AND ELECTRO-OPTICS (CLEO) SE Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO) CY JUN 09-14, 2013 CL San Jose, CA AB We propose a temporal coupled mode theory for thermal emission from a single emitter. We validate the coupled mode theory formalism by a direct numerical simulation of the emission properties of single emitters. (C) 2013 Optical Society of America C1 [Zhu, Linxiao; Otey, Clayton] Stanford Univ, Dept Appl Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Sandhu, Sunil; Fan, Shanhui] Stanford Univ, Ginzton Lab, Dept Elect Engn, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Sinclair, Michael B.; Luk, Ting Shan] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Zhu, LX (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Dept Appl Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. EM lxzhu@stanford.edu NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2160-9020 BN 978-1-55752-973-2 J9 CONF LASER ELECTR PY 2013 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA BC7WX UT WOS:000355262505137 ER PT J AU Vallee, G Naughton, T Bohm, S Engelmann, C AF Vallee, Geoffroy Naughton, Thomas Boehm, Swen Engelmann, Christian GP IEEE TI A Runtime Environment for Supporting Research in Resilient HPC System Software & Tools SO 2013 FIRST INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON COMPUTING AND NETWORKING (CANDAR) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1st International Symposium on Computing and Networking (CANDAR) CY DEC 04-06, 2013 CL Matsuyama, JAPAN AB The high-performance computing (HPC) community continues to increase the size and complexity of hardware platforms that support advanced scientific workloads. The runtime environment (RTE) is a crucial layer in the software stack for these large-scale systems. The RTE manages the interface between the operating system and the application running in parallel on the machine. The deployment of applications and tools on large-scale HPC computing systems requires the RTE to manage process creation in a scalable manner, support sparse connectivity, and provide fault tolerance. We have developed a new RTE that provides a basis for building distributed execution environments and developing tools for HPC to aid research in system software and resilience. This paper describes the software architecture of the Scalable runTime Component Infrastructure (STCI), which is intended to provide a complete infrastructure for scalable start-up and management of many processes in large-scale HPC systems. We highlight features of the current implementation, which is provided as a system library that allows developers to easily use and integrate STCI in their tools and/or applications. The motivation for this work has been to support ongoing research activities in fault-tolerance for large-scale systems. We discuss the advantages of the modular framework employed and describe two use cases that demonstrate its capabilities: (i) an alternate runtime for a Message Passing Interface (MPI) stack, and (ii) a distributed control and communication substrate for a fault-injection tool. C1 [Vallee, Geoffroy; Naughton, Thomas; Boehm, Swen; Engelmann, Christian] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Comp Sci & Math Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Vallee, G (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Comp Sci & Math Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM valleegr@ornl.gov; naughtont@ornl.gov; bohms@ornl.gov; engelmannc@ornl.gov NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4799-2795-1 PY 2013 BP 213 EP 219 DI 10.1109/CANDAR.2013.38 PG 7 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BB8CO UT WOS:000346365400032 ER PT J AU Zhang, J Li, ZP Sandoval, O Xin, NA Ren, Y Martin, RA Iannucci, B Griss, M Rosernberg, S Cao, JD Rowe, A AF Zhang, Jia Li, Zhipeng Sandoval, Oscar Xin, Norman Ren, Yuan Martin, Rodney A. Iannucci, Bob Griss, Martin Rosernberg, Steven Cao, Jordan Rowe, Anthony GP IEEE TI Supporting Personizable Virtual Internet of Things SO 2013 IEEE 10TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON AND 10TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON AUTONOMIC AND TRUSTED COMPUTING (UIC/ATC) UBIQUITOUS INTELLIGENCE AND COMPUTING LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE 10th International Conference on Ubiquitous Intelligence and Computing (UIC) / IEEE 10th International Conference on Autonomic and Trusted Computing (ATC) CY DEC 18-21, 2013 CL Sorrento Peninsula, ITALY SP IEEE AB This paper reports on the design and development of an HTML5-powered Virtual Sensor Editor (VSE) over the Internet of Things cloud. VSE is a scalable tool that allows users to design virtual sensors with user-defined dataflow logic, by visually aggregating existing sensors, either physical sensors or other user-defined virtual sensors. VSE supports a real-time and historical visualization of sensor values and analytical studies, and is a cross-platform and customizable tool equipped with ability to support verifiable sensor data service composability. A discussion on design decisions is presented. Our preliminary work has been applied to NASA Ames' Sustainability Base for smart building monitoring. Preliminary performance and scalability study is also reported. C1 [Zhang, Jia; Li, Zhipeng; Sandoval, Oscar; Xin, Norman; Ren, Yuan; Iannucci, Bob; Griss, Martin; Rosernberg, Steven] Carnegie Mellon Univ Silicon Valley, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. [Martin, Rodney A.] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Ames, IA USA. [Cao, Jordan] SAP, Hoffman, IL USA. [Rowe, Anthony] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. RP Zhang, J (reprint author), Carnegie Mellon Univ Silicon Valley, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. EM jia.zhang@sv.cmu.edu; rodney.martin@nasa.gov; bob@sv.cmu.edu; martin.griss@sv.cmu.edu; steven.rosenberg@sv.cmu.edu; jordan.cao@sap.com; anthony.rowe@cmu.edu FU SAP to Carnegie Mellon University; NASA [NASA NNX12AQ95G, NNX13AD49A] FX This project is partially sponsored by research gift provided by SAP to Carnegie Mellon University; as well as NASA grant NASA NNX12AQ95G and NNX13AD49A. NR 16 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4799-2481-3 PY 2013 BP 329 EP 336 DI 10.1109/UIC-ATC.2013.48 PG 8 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BB7YS UT WOS:000346129800044 ER PT J AU Zhao, X Balaji, P Gropp, W Thakur, R AF Zhao, Xin Balaji, Pavan Gropp, William Thakur, Rajeev GP IEEE TI Optimization Strategies for MPI-Interoperable Active Messages SO 2013 IEEE 11TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON DEPENDABLE, AUTONOMIC AND SECURE COMPUTING (DASC) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 11th IEEE International Conference on Dependable, Autonomic and Secure Computing (DASC) CY DEC 21-22, 2013 CL Chengdu, PEOPLES R CHINA SP IEEE, NSFC, IEEE Comp Soc, Unive Elect Sci & Technol China, StFX Univ, Ubiquitous Media Communicat Lab, IEEE Tech Comm Scalable Comp DE Active messages; MPI; Data-intensive applications; RMA; Multicore AB Data-intensive applications, such as those in bioinformatics and social network analysis, differ from traditional scientific applications in that they often involve data-driven and irregular computation/communication patterns, making them ill-suited for traditional data movement approaches. Active Messages (AM) is an alternative programming model that allows dynamically moving computation closer to data, rather than moving the data to the local process. In our previous work, we proposed an MPI-interoperable AM framework that allows existing MPI applications to incrementally take advantage of AM capabilities. While that work presented a baseline implementation of how AMs semantically interact with the rest of the MPI infrastructure, it had several performance shortcomings. In this paper, we analyze these performance shortcomings and propose three optimization strategies: one implicitly derived by the MPI implementation and two explicitly hinted to by the application user. In addition to the detailed description of these optimization strategies, the paper presents a thorough performance evaluation on a 4096-core cluster that demonstrates considerable performance advantages from these strategies. C1 [Zhao, Xin; Gropp, William] Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL USA. [Balaji, Pavan; Thakur, Rajeev] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Zhao, X (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL USA. EM xinzhao3@illinois.edu; balaji@mcs.anl.gov; wgropp@illinois.edu; thakur@mcs.anl.gov OI Gropp, William/0000-0003-2905-3029 NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4799-3381-5 PY 2013 BP 508 EP 515 DI 10.1109/DASC.2013.116 PG 8 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BD4PY UT WOS:000360991500089 ER PT J AU Balaji, P Kimpe, D AF Balaji, Pavan Kimpe, Dries GP IEEE TI On the Reproducibility of MPI Reduction Operations SO 2013 IEEE 15TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON HIGH PERFORMANCE COMPUTING AND COMMUNICATIONS & 2013 IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON EMBEDDED AND UBIQUITOUS COMPUTING (HPCC_EUC) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 15th IEEE International Conference on High Performance Computing and Communications (HPCC) /11th IEEE/IFIP International Conference on Embedded and Ubiquitous Computing (EUC) CY NOV 13-15, 2013 CL Zhangjiajie, PEOPLES R CHINA SP IEEE, IEEE Comp Soc, Cent S Univ, Natl Univ Defense Technol, Hunan Univ, Jishou Univ, IFIP DE MPI; Reduction Operations; Reproducibility; Performance; Multicore; Topology AB Many scientific applications go through a thorough validation and verification ("V&V") process to demonstrate that the computer simulation does, in fact, mirror what can be analyzed through physical experimentation. Given the complexity of and the time required for the V&V process, applications that have been validated and verified are typically conservative with respect to changes that might impact the reproducibility of their results. In the extreme case, some applications require bitwise reproducibility for their simulations. Thus, any change made to the application, the hardware, or the software on the system needs to preserve the bitwise reproducibility of the application. Such a constraint, however, can drastically affect the performance efficiency of the system in many ways. In this paper, we analyze the impact of such bitwise reproducibility on the performance efficiency of MPI reduction operations. C1 [Balaji, Pavan; Kimpe, Dries] Argonne Natl Lab, Math & Comp Sci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Balaji, P (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Math & Comp Sci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM balaji@mcs.anl.gov; dkimpe@mcs.anl.gov NR 15 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-0-7695-5088-6 PY 2013 BP 407 EP 414 DI 10.1109/HPCC.and.EUC.2013.65 PG 8 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BC9OW UT WOS:000356716900055 ER PT S AU Herbein, S Matheny, M Wezowicz, M Krogel, J Logan, J Kim, J Klasky, S Taufer, M AF Herbein, S. Matheny, M. Wezowicz, M. Krogel, J. Logan, J. Kim, J. Klasky, S. Taufer, M. BE Chen, J Cuzzocrea, A Yang, LT TI Performance Impact of I/O on QMCPack Simulations at the Petascale and Beyond SO 2013 IEEE 16TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON COMPUTATIONAL SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING (CSE 2013) SE IEEE International Conference on Computational Science and Engineering LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE 16th International Conference on Computational Science and Engineering (CSE) CY DEC 03-05, 2013 CL Sydney, AUSTRALIA SP IEEE, Univ Technol Sydney, CSIRO, IEEE Tech Comm Scalable Comp, IEEE Comp Soc AB Traditional petascale applications, such as QMCPack, can scale their computations to completely utilize modern supercomputers like Titan, but they cannot scale their I/O. To preserve scalability, scientists cannot save data at the granularity needed to enable scientific discovery and are forced to use large intervals between two checkpoint calls. In this paper, we work to increase the granularity of the I/O in QMCPack simulations without increasing the I/O associated overhead or compromising the scalability of the simulations. Our solution redesigns the I/O algorithms used by QMCPack to gather finer-grained data at high frequencies and integrate the ADIOS API to select effective I/O methods without major code changes. The extension of a tool such as Skel to mimic the variable I/O in QMCPack allows us to predict the I/O performance of the code when using ADIOS methods at the petascale. We show how I/O libraries like ADIOS allow us to increase the amount of scientific data extracted from QMCPack simulations at the granularity desired by the scientists while keeping the I/O overhead below 10%. We also show how the impact of checkpoint I/O for the QMCPack code using ADIOS is below 5% when using preventive tactics for checkpointing at the petascale and beyond. C1 [Herbein, S.; Matheny, M.; Wezowicz, M.; Taufer, M.] Univ Delaware, Newark, DE 19716 USA. [Krogel, J.; Logan, J.; Kim, J.; Klasky, S.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Herbein, S (reprint author), Univ Delaware, Newark, DE 19716 USA. RI Herbein, Stephen/J-2017-2016; OI Herbein, Stephen/0000-0003-0141-0653; Krogel, Jaron/0000-0002-1859-181X NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1949-0828 J9 IEEE INT C COMPUT PY 2013 BP 92 EP 99 DI 10.1109/CSE.2013.24 PG 8 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BC3TK UT WOS:000351950300014 ER PT S AU Doering, D Pereira, CE Denes, P Joseph, J AF Doering, Dionisio Pereira, Carlos Eduardo Denes, Peter Joseph, John GP IEEE TI A Model Driven Engineering Approach Based on Aspects for High Speed Scientific X-rays Cameras SO 2013 IEEE 16TH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON OBJECT/COMPONENT/SERVICE-ORIENTED REAL-TIME DISTRIBUTED COMPUTING (ISORC) SE International Symposium on Object Component Service-Oriented Real-Time Distributed Computing LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 16th IEEE International Symposium on Object/Component/Service-Oriented Real-Time Distributed Computing (ISORC) CY JUN 19-21, 2013 CL Paderborn, GERMANY SP IEEE DE High speed cameras; SysML; VHDL; FPGA; Aspect-oriented methodogy ID EMBEDDED SYSTEMS; DESIGN AB High-speed scientific cameras have been demanding more from their control systems as the number of pixels, and number of frame increases and therefore the required total bandwidth. One way to cope with this demand is to perform real-time image processing. The challenge on that is the fact that each experiment requires a different processing algorithms and one needs to reconfigure it frequently. An example of this system is the LBNL high-speed cameras based on FPGAs used on X-rays and electron microscopy experiments. These camera systems can benefit from modern design methodologies that explore higher abstraction level modeling, which includes both functional and non-functional requirements specification and that take advantage of techniques such as object-oriented and aspect-oriented methodologies. This paper introduces HIPAO, a Hardware Image Processing system based on model driven engineering and Aspect-Oriented modeling. Some examples are shown for each step of the methodology that goes from requirements modeling to automatic code generation. C1 [Doering, Dionisio; Pereira, Carlos Eduardo] Univ Fed Rio Grande do Sul, Dept Elect Engn, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. [Denes, Peter; Joseph, John] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Doering, D (reprint author), Univ Fed Rio Grande do Sul, Dept Elect Engn, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. EM dionisio.doering@ece.ufrgs.br; cpereira@ece.ufrgs.br; pdenes@lbl.gov; jmjoseph@lbl.gov NR 27 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1555-0885 J9 INT SYMP OBJECT COMP PY 2013 PG 8 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture SC Computer Science GA BD9YX UT WOS:000365605900002 ER PT S AU Balasa, F Gingu, CV Luican, II Zhu, HW AF Balasa, Florin Gingu, Cristian V. Luican, Ilie I. Zhu, Hongwei GP IEEE TI Design Space Exploration for Low-Power Memory Systems in Embedded Signal Processing Applications SO 2013 IEEE 19TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON EMBEDDED AND REAL-TIME COMPUTING SYSTEMS AND APPLICATIONS (RTCSA) SE IEEE International Conference on Embedded and Real-Time Computing Systems and Applications LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE 19th International Conference on Embedded and Real-Time Computing Systems and Applications (RTCSA) CY AUG 19-21, 2013 CL Taipei, TAIWAN SP IEEE, IEEE Tech Comm Real Time Syst ID OPTIMIZATION; MANAGEMENT AB This paper presents an energy-aware electronic design automation (EDA) methodology for the system-level exploration of hierarchical storage organizations, focusing mainly on data-intensive signal processing applications. Starting from the high-level behavioral specification of a given application, several memory management tasks are addressed in a common algebraic framework, using data-dependence analysis techniques similar to those used in modern compilers. Within this memory management software system, the designer can explore different algorithmic specifications functionally equivalent, by computing their minimum storage requirements. The system can perform an exploration based on energy consumption of signal assignments to the off-and on-chip memory layers, followed by a storage-efficient mapping of signals to the physical memories. The last phase of the methodology is an exploration approach for energy-aware banking of the on-chip memory, which takes into account both the static and dynamic energy consumption. C1 [Balasa, Florin] Amer Univ Cairo, Dept Comp Sci & Engn, Cairo, Egypt. [Gingu, Cristian V.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60555 USA. [Luican, Ilie I.] Microsoft Inc, Redmond, WA 98052 USA. [Zhu, Hongwei] ARM Inc, San Jose, CA 95134 USA. RP Balasa, F (reprint author), Amer Univ Cairo, Dept Comp Sci & Engn, Cairo, Egypt. NR 27 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1533-2306 J9 IEEE INT CONF EMBED PY 2013 BP 92 EP 100 PG 9 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BC1PI UT WOS:000350345700010 ER PT J AU Jian, X DeBardeleben, N Blanchard, S Sridharan, V Kumar, R AF Jian, Xun DeBardeleben, Nathan Blanchard, Sean Sridharan, Vilas Kumar, Rakesh GP IEEE TI Analyzing Reliability of Memory Sub-systems with Double-chipkill Detect/Correct SO 2013 IEEE 19TH PACIFIC RIM INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON DEPENDABLE COMPUTING (PRDC 2013) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 19th IEEE Pacific Rim International Symposium on Dependable Computing (PRDC) CY DEC 02-04, 2013 CL Vancouver, CANADA SP IEEE, IFIP, IEEE Comp Soc DE error correcting codes; chipkill correct; modeling; reliability; memory errors ID SINGLE-ERROR CORRECTION; SYSTEMS AB Chipkill correct is an advanced type of error correction used in memory sub-systems. Existing analytical approaches for modeling the reliability of memory sub-systems with chipkill correct are limited to those with chipkill-correct solutions that guarantee correction of errors in a single DRAM device. However, stronger chipkill correct solutions that are capable of guaranteeing the detection and even correction of errors in up to two DRAM devices have become common in existing HPC systems. Analytical reliability models are needed for such memory subsystems. This paper proposes analytical models for the reliability of double-chipkill detect and/or correct. Validation against Monte Carlo simulations shows that the output of our analytical models are within 3.9% of Monte Carlo simulations, on average. We used the analytical models to study various aspects of the reliability of memory sub-systems protected by double-chipkill detect and/or correct. Our studies provide several insights into the dependence of reliability of these systems on scale, device fault rate, memory organization, and memory-scrubbing policy. C1 [Jian, Xun; Kumar, Rakesh] Univ Illinois, Champaign, IL USA. [DeBardeleben, Nathan; Blanchard, Sean] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ultrascale Syst Res Ctr, Los Alamos, NM USA. [Sridharan, Vilas] Adv Micro Devices Inc, RAS Architecture, Boxboro, MA USA. RP Jian, X (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Champaign, IL USA. EM stevensonjian@gmail.com; ndebard@lanl.gov; seanb@lanl.gov; vilas.sridharan@amd.com; rakeshk@illinois.edu NR 18 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-0-7695-5130-2 PY 2013 BP 88 EP 97 DI 10.1109/PRDC.2013.18 PG 10 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Computer Science GA BC8CA UT WOS:000355537700010 ER PT J AU Guan, Q Fu, S DeBardeleben, N Blanchard, S AF Guan, Qiang Fu, Song DeBardeleben, Nathan Blanchard, Sean GP IEEE TI Exploring Time and Frequency Domains for Accurate and Automated Anomaly Detection in Cloud Computing Systems SO 2013 IEEE 19TH PACIFIC RIM INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON DEPENDABLE COMPUTING (PRDC 2013) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 19th IEEE Pacific Rim International Symposium on Dependable Computing (PRDC) CY DEC 02-04, 2013 CL Vancouver, CANADA SP IEEE, IFIP, IEEE Comp Soc DE Cloud computing; Anomaly detection; Wavelet analysis; Dependable systems; Autonomic management ID VIRTUAL MACHINES; LARGE-SCALE; DEPENDABILITY; CLUSTERS; TRENDS AB Cloud computing has become increasingly popular by obviating the need for users to own and maintain complex computing infrastructures. However, due to their inherent complexity and large scale, production cloud computing systems are prone to various runtime problems caused by hardware and software faults and environmental factors. Autonomic anomaly detection is crucial for understanding emergent, cloud-wide phenomena and self-managing cloud resources for system-level dependability assurance. To detect anomalous cloud behaviors, we need to monitor the cloud execution and collect runtime cloud performance data. For different types of failures, the data display different correlations with the performance metrics. In this paper, we present a wavelet-based multi-scale anomaly identification mechanism, that can analyze profiled cloud performance metrics in both time and frequency domains and identify anomalous cloud behaviors. Learning technologies are exploited to adapt the selection of mother wavelets and a sliding detection window is employed to handle cloud dynamicity and improve anomaly detection accuracy. We have implemented a prototype of the anomaly identification system and conducted experiments on an on-campus cloud computing environment. Experimental results show the proposed mechanism can achieve 93.3% detection sensitivity while keeping the false positive rate as low as 6.1% while outperforming other tested anomaly detection schemes. C1 [Guan, Qiang; Fu, Song] Univ N Texas, Dept Comp Sci & Engn, Denton, TX 76203 USA. [DeBardeleben, Nathan; Blanchard, Sean] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ultrascale Syst Res Ctr, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Guan, Q (reprint author), Univ N Texas, Dept Comp Sci & Engn, Denton, TX 76203 USA. EM QiangGuan@my.unt.edu; Song.Fu@unt.edu; ndebard@lanl.gov; seanb@lanl.gov NR 61 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-0-7695-5130-2 PY 2013 BP 196 EP 205 DI 10.1109/PRDC.2013.40 PG 10 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Computer Science GA BC8CA UT WOS:000355537700032 ER PT S AU Wang, B Jiao, YZ Yu, WK Shen, XP Li, D Vetter, JS AF Wang, Bin Jiao, Yizheng Yu, Weikuan Shen, Xipeng Li, Dong Vetter, Jeffrey S. GP IEEE TI A Versatile Performance and Energy Simulation Tool for Composite GPU Global Memory SO 2013 IEEE 21ST INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON MODELING, ANALYSIS & SIMULATION OF COMPUTER AND TELECOMMUNICATION SYSTEMS (MASCOTS 2013) SE International Symposium on Modeling Analysis and Simulation of Computer and Telecommunication Systems Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE 21st Annual International Symposium on Modeling, Analysis and Simulation of Computer and Telecommunication (MASCOTS) CY AUG 14-16, 2013 CL San Francisco, CA SP IEEE, IEEE Comp Soc AB As a cost-effective compute device, Graphic Processing Unit (GPU) has been widely embraced in the field of high performance computing. GPU is characterized by its massive thread-level parallelism and high memory bandwidth. Although GPU has exhibited tremendous potential, recent GPU architecture researches mainly focus on GPU compute units and full system exploration is rare due to the lack of accurate simulators that can reveal hardware organization of both GPU compute units and its memory system. In order to fill this void, we build a GPU simulator called VxGPUSim that can support the simulation with detailed performance, timing and power consumption statistics. Our experimental evaluation demonstrates that VxGPUSim can faithfully reveal the internal execution details of GPU global memory of various memory configurations. It can enable further research on the design of GPU global memory for performance and energy tradeoffs. C1 [Wang, Bin; Jiao, Yizheng; Yu, Weikuan] Auburn Univ, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. [Yu, Weikuan; Shen, Xipeng] Coll William & Mary, Williamsburg, VA USA. [Li, Dong; Vetter, Jeffrey S.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. RP Wang, B (reprint author), Auburn Univ, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. EM bwang@auburn.edu; yzj0018@auburn.edu; wkyu@auburn.edu; xshen@cs.wm.edu; lid1@ornl.gov; vetter@ornl.gov FU Alabama Innovation Award; NSF [CNS-1059376]; DOE Early Career Award FX This work is funded in part by an Alabama Innovation Award, by an NSF award CNS-1059376 and by DOE Early Career Award. We are very thankful for GPU equipment donated from NVIDIA to Auburn University. NR 24 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1526-7539 BN 978-0-7695-5102-9 J9 I S MOD ANAL SIM COM PY 2013 BP 298 EP + DI 10.1109/MASCOTS.2013.39 PG 2 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Computer Science; Engineering; Telecommunications GA BB9AA UT WOS:000347906000032 ER PT J AU Mittal, S Zhang, Z Vetter, JS AF Mittal, Sparsh Zhang, Zhao Vetter, Jeffrey S. GP IEEE TI FlexiWay: A Cache Energy Saving Technique Using Fine-grained Cache Reconfiguration SO 2013 IEEE 31ST INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON COMPUTER DESIGN (ICCD) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 31st IEEE International Conference on Computer Design (ICCD) CY OCT 06-09, 2013 CL Asheville, NC SP IEEE, IEEE Comp Soc, IEEE Circuits & Syst Soc DE Cache leakage energy saving; way-based cache reconfiguration; energy efficiency; low-power; green computing ID REPLACEMENT AB Recent trends of CMOS scaling and use of large last level caches (LLCs) have led to significant increase in the leakage energy consumption of LLCs and hence, managing their energy consumption has become extremely important in modern processor design. The conventional cache energy saving techniques require offline profiling or provide only coarse granularity of cache allocation. We present FlexiWay, a cache energy saving technique which uses dynamic cache reconfiguration. FlexiWay logically divides the cache sets into multiple (e.g. 16) modules and dynamically turns off suitable and possibly different number of cache ways in each module. FlexiWay has very small implementation overhead and it provides fine-grain cache allocation even with caches of typical associativity, e.g. an 8-way cache. Microarchitectural simulations have been performed using an x86-64 simulator and workloads from SPEC2006 suite. Also, FlexiWay has been compared with two conventional energy saving techniques. The results show that FlexiWay provides largest energy saving and incurs only small loss in performance. For single, dual and quad core systems, the average energy saving using FlexiWay are 26.2%, 25.7% and 22.4%, respectively(1). C1 [Mittal, Sparsh; Zhang, Zhao] Iowa State Univ, Elect & Comp Engn Dept, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Vetter, Jeffrey S.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Future Technol Grp, Oak Ridge, TN USA. RP Mittal, S (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Elect & Comp Engn Dept, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM sparsh0mittal@gmail.com; zzhang@iastate.edu; vetter@computer.org NR 30 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4799-2987-0 PY 2013 BP 100 EP 107 PG 8 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BE2OW UT WOS:000369751900015 ER PT S AU Rezaei, V Johnsont, KE AF Rezaei, Vahid Johnsont, Kathryn E. GP IEEE TI Robust Fault Tolerant Pitch Control of Wind Turbines SO 2013 IEEE 52ND ANNUAL CONFERENCE ON DECISION AND CONTROL (CDC) SE IEEE Conference on Decision and Control LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 52nd IEEE Annual Conference on Decision and Control (CDC) CY DEC 10-13, 2013 CL Florence, ITALY SP Honeywell, MathWorks, Springer, Taylor & Francis, Univ Trieste, Elsevier, GE Global Res, Natl Instruments, PendCon, Soc Ind & Appl Math, Wolfram, Journal Franklin Inst, United Technologies Res Ctr, Danieli Automat ID ADAPTIVE-CONTROL AB A controller designed for a nominal wind turbine model may not work in presence of either unmodeled dynamics or sensor or actuator faults. We propose a multiple model robust control strategy for turbine speed regulation and wind disturbance rejection in presence of faults in a turbine's pitch actuator. The fault is inspired by recent challenges in wind turbine fault-tolerant control and consists of changed actuator dynamics. The simulation results confirm that an appropriate design of a set of robust controllers together with a soft switching among them is a reliable method for fault-tolerant control in this scenario. C1 [Rezaei, Vahid; Johnsont, Kathryn E.] Colorado Sch Mines, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Johnsont, Kathryn E.] Natl Wind Technol Ctr, Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO USA. RP Rezaei, V (reprint author), Colorado Sch Mines, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, 1610 Illinois St, Golden, CO 80401 USA. EM vrezaei@mines.edu; kjohnson@mines.edu NR 22 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0743-1546 BN 978-1-4673-5717-3 J9 IEEE DECIS CONTR P PY 2013 BP 391 EP 396 PG 6 WC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering GA BC4AR UT WOS:000352223500060 ER PT S AU Yang, I Tomlin, CJ AF Yang, Insoon Tomlin, Claire J. GP IEEE TI Regularization-Based Identification for Level Set Equations SO 2013 IEEE 52ND ANNUAL CONFERENCE ON DECISION AND CONTROL (CDC) SE IEEE Conference on Decision and Control LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 52nd IEEE Annual Conference on Decision and Control (CDC) CY DEC 10-13, 2013 CL Florence, ITALY SP Honeywell, MathWorks, Springer, Taylor & Francis, Univ Trieste, Elsevier, GE Global Res, Natl Instruments, PendCon, Soc Ind & Appl Math, Wolfram, Journal Franklin Inst, United Technologies Res Ctr, Danieli Automat ID HAMILTON-JACOBI EQUATIONS; VISCOSITY SOLUTIONS; OPTIMIZATION; ALGORITHM; FRONTS AB An optimization-based method for identifying the speed profile of a moving surface from image data is studied. If the dynamic surface motion is modeled by a level set equation, the identification problem can be formulated as an optimization problem constrained with the level set equation whose (viscosity) solution, in general, has kinks. The non-differentiable solution prevents us from having a bounded gradient of the cost function of the optimization problem. To overcome this difficulty, we develop a novel identification approach using a regularized level set equation. The regularization guarantees the differentiability of the cost function and the boundedness of the gradient. Using numerical optimization techniques with the adjoint-based gradient, we solve the identification problem. We perform a numerical test to validate that the solution of an optimization problem with a regularized level set equation converges to the solution of the same optimization problem with an unregularized level set equation as the regularization factor tends to zero. The performance and usefulness of the method are demonstrated by a biological example in which we estimate the forces (per density) of actin and myosin in cell polarization. C1 [Yang, Insoon; Tomlin, Claire J.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Tomlin, Claire J.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Yang, I (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM iyang@eecs.berkeley.edu; tomlin@eecs.berkeley.edu NR 32 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0743-1546 BN 978-1-4673-5717-3 J9 IEEE DECIS CONTR P PY 2013 BP 1058 EP 1064 PG 7 WC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering GA BC4AR UT WOS:000352223501046 ER PT S AU Kosut, RL Rabitz, H Grace, MD AF Kosut, Robert L. Rabitz, Hersch Grace, Matthew D. GP IEEE TI Adaptive quantum control via direct fidelity estimation and indirect model-based parametric process tomography SO 2013 IEEE 52ND ANNUAL CONFERENCE ON DECISION AND CONTROL (CDC) SE IEEE Conference on Decision and Control LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 52nd IEEE Annual Conference on Decision and Control (CDC) CY DEC 10-13, 2013 CL Florence, ITALY SP Honeywell, MathWorks, Springer, Taylor & Francis, Univ Trieste, Elsevier, GE Global Res, Natl Instruments, PendCon, Soc Ind & Appl Math, Wolfram, Journal Franklin Inst, United Technologies Res Ctr, Danieli Automat AB The single and two-qubit logic gates which are universal for building a quantum computer are not, as yet, produced "naturally" - error correction and fault tolerant constructions are required, and making these requires control. To meet the requisite stringent performance goals places resource demands both spatially (ancilla qubits for error correction) and temporally (complex well timed control signals). On-line adaptive tuning of initially good controls offers a possible means to significantly reduce these overhead requirements. Two methods are proposed for control tuning: (i) direct estimation of fidelity between the actual system and the desired (unitary) logic gate, and (ii) estimating model parameters via compressive sensing. Both methods are evaluated numerically for a single qubit system with Hamiltonian parameter uncertainty. C1 [Kosut, Robert L.] SC Solut, Sunnyvale, CA 94085 USA. [Rabitz, Hersch] Princeton Univ, Dept Chem, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Grace, Matthew D.] Sandia Natl Labs, Dept Scalable & Secure Syst Res, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Kosut, RL (reprint author), SC Solut, 1261 Oakmead Pkwy, Sunnyvale, CA 94085 USA. EM kosut@scsolutions.com; hrabitz@princeton.edu; mgrace@sandia.gov NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0743-1546 BN 978-1-4673-5717-3 J9 IEEE DECIS CONTR P PY 2013 BP 1247 EP 1252 PG 6 WC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering GA BC4AR UT WOS:000352223501077 ER PT S AU Yang, I Burden, SA Sastry, SS Tomlin, CJ AF Yang, Insoon Burden, Samuel A. Sastry, S. Shankar Tomlin, Claire J. GP IEEE TI Infinitesimal Interconnection Variation in Nonlinear Networked Systems SO 2013 IEEE 52ND ANNUAL CONFERENCE ON DECISION AND CONTROL (CDC) SE IEEE Conference on Decision and Control LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 52nd IEEE Annual Conference on Decision and Control (CDC) CY DEC 10-13, 2013 CL Florence, ITALY SP Honeywell, MathWorks, Springer, Taylor & Francis, Univ Trieste, Elsevier, GE Global Res, Natl Instruments, PendCon, Soc Ind & Appl Math, Wolfram, Journal Franklin Inst, United Technologies Res Ctr, Danieli Automat AB We propose a novel infinitesimal variation for a nonlinear networked system's behavior when its interconnection topology changes discontinuously. We introduce a variational derivative of system output with respect to the connectivity, and derive an analytic formula for the derivative using an adjoint formulation. We provide bounds relating the discontinuous change in system behavior to the proposed continuous infinitesimal variation. The variational derivative can be used as the sensitivity of the system output to the interconnection topology. The separability of the variational derivative allows us to develop a tractable algorithm for an interconnection pursuit problem applicable to optimization in biochemical reaction networks. C1 [Yang, Insoon; Burden, Samuel A.; Sastry, S. Shankar; Tomlin, Claire J.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Tomlin, Claire J.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Yang, I (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM iyang@eecs.berkeley.edu; sburden@eecs.berkeley.edu; sastry@eecs.berkeley.edu; tomlin@eecs.berkeley.edu NR 19 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0743-1546 BN 978-1-4673-5717-3 J9 IEEE DECIS CONTR P PY 2013 BP 1417 EP 1422 PG 6 WC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering GA BC4AR UT WOS:000352223501105 ER PT S AU Wang, N Johnson, KE Wright, AD Carcangiu, CE AF Wang, Na Johnson, Kathryn E. Wright, Alan D. Carcangiu, Carlo E. GP IEEE TI LIDAR-assisted Preview Controllers Design for a MW-scale Commercial Wind Turbine Model SO 2013 IEEE 52ND ANNUAL CONFERENCE ON DECISION AND CONTROL (CDC) SE IEEE Conference on Decision and Control LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 52nd IEEE Annual Conference on Decision and Control (CDC) CY DEC 10-13, 2013 CL Florence, ITALY SP Honeywell, MathWorks, Springer, Taylor & Francis, Univ Trieste, Elsevier, GE Global Res, Natl Instruments, PendCon, Soc Ind & Appl Math, Wolfram, Journal Franklin Inst, United Technologies Res Ctr, Danieli Automat AB Existing commercial wind turbine control algorithms are typically feedback only. Nacelle-based commercial light detection and ranging (LIDAR) systems, which can detect preview wind information in front of the turbine to be used in feedforward controller design, can improve wind turbine control performance compared to a baseline standard proportional-integral (PI) feedback controller. Combined feedforward and feedback collective pitch control strategies are investigated in this research for both mitigating tower fore-aft fatigue load above rated wind speed and enhancing power capture below rated wind speed. When the wind speed is above rated, we consider a collective pitch LQ-based preview control scheme that augments the existing feedback controller and uses a Kalman filter in the control loop as the observer. When the wind speed is below rated, we combine a tower fore-aft feedback damping pitch controller with a feedforward controller designed through the method of Lagrange multipliers optimization. Control effectiveness verifications are conducted through FAST simulations with multiple turbulent wind cases. C1 [Wang, Na; Johnson, Kathryn E.] Colorado Sch Mines, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Johnson, Kathryn E.] Natl Renewable Energy Labs, Natl Wind Technol Ctr, Golden, CO USA. [Wright, Alan D.] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO USA. [Carcangiu, Carlo E.] ALSTOM WIND SLU, Closed Loop Control, Barcelona, Spain. RP Wang, N (reprint author), Colorado Sch Mines, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Golden, CO 80401 USA. EM nwang@mymail.mines.edu; kjohnson@mines.edu; alan.wright@nrel.gov; carlo-enrico.carcangiu@power.alstom.com NR 26 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0743-1546 BN 978-1-4673-5717-3 J9 IEEE DECIS CONTR P PY 2013 BP 1678 EP 1683 PG 6 WC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering GA BC4AR UT WOS:000352223502001 ER PT S AU Chang, YH Chen, M Gowda, S Overduin, SA Carmena, JM Tomlin, C AF Chang, Young Hwan Chen, Mo Gowda, Suraj Overduin, Simon A. Carmena, Jose M. Tomlin, Claire GP IEEE TI Low-rank Representation of Neural Activity and Detection of Submovements SO 2013 IEEE 52ND ANNUAL CONFERENCE ON DECISION AND CONTROL (CDC) SE IEEE Conference on Decision and Control LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 52nd IEEE Annual Conference on Decision and Control (CDC) CY DEC 10-13, 2013 CL Florence, ITALY SP Honeywell, MathWorks, Springer, Taylor & Francis, Univ Trieste, Elsevier, GE Global Res, Natl Instruments, PendCon, Soc Ind & Appl Math, Wolfram, Journal Franklin Inst, United Technologies Res Ctr, Danieli Automat ID ARM MOVEMENTS; MOTOR CORTEX; DECOMPOSITIONS; ALGORITHM; DIRECTION AB In this study, Robust Principal Component Analysis (RPCA) is applied to neural spike datasets to extract neural signatures that signify the onset of submovements, a type of motor primitive. Given neural activity recorded from rhesus macaques during a set of reaches between targets in a horizontal plane, we aim to identify common event-related neural features and validate sub movement-based motor primitives inferred from the hand velocity profiles. Such features represent common dynamic patterns across many experimental trials and may be used as a signature to detect discrete events such as submovement onset. We present RPCA, a method well suited for extracting data matrices' low-rank component and this method allows (1) removal of task-irrelevant signal from data, (2) identification of task-related dynamic patterns, and (3) detection of sub movements. We also explored using the Random Projection (RP) technique and applying RP to data prior to applying RPCA improved the sub movement prediction performance by de-sparsifying neural data while preserving certain statistical characteristics of aggregate neural activity. C1 [Chang, Young Hwan; Chen, Mo; Gowda, Suraj; Overduin, Simon A.; Tomlin, Claire] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Carmena, Jose M.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Helen Wills Neurosci Inst, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Carmena, Jose M.] UCB UCSF, Grad Program Bioengn, Berkeley, CA USA. [Tomlin, Claire] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Fac Sci, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Chang, YH (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM yhchang@berkeley.edu; mochen72@berkeley.edu; surajgowda@berkeley.edu; overduin@berkeley.edu; carmena@eecs.berkeley.edu; tomlin@eecs.berkeley.edu NR 29 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0743-1546 BN 978-1-4673-5717-3 J9 IEEE DECIS CONTR P PY 2013 BP 2544 EP 2549 PG 6 WC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering GA BC4AR UT WOS:000352223502141 ER PT S AU Bienstock, D Chertkov, M Harnett, S AF Bienstock, Daniel Chertkov, Michael Harnett, Sean GP IEEE TI Robust Modeling of Probabilistic Uncertainty in Smart Grids: Data Ambiguous Chance Constrained Optimum Power Flow SO 2013 IEEE 52ND ANNUAL CONFERENCE ON DECISION AND CONTROL (CDC) SE IEEE Conference on Decision and Control LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 52nd IEEE Annual Conference on Decision and Control (CDC) CY DEC 10-13, 2013 CL Florence, ITALY SP Honeywell, MathWorks, Springer, Taylor & Francis, Univ Trieste, Elsevier, GE Global Res, Natl Instruments, PendCon, Soc Ind & Appl Math, Wolfram, Journal Franklin Inst, United Technologies Res Ctr, Danieli Automat ID UNIT COMMITMENT; OPTIMIZATION AB Future Grids will integrate time-intermittent renewables and demand response whose fluctuating outputs will create perturbations requiring probabilistic measures of resilience. When smart but uncontrollable resources fluctuate, Optimum Power Flow (OPF), routinely used by the electric power industry to dispatch controllable generation over control areas of transmission networks, can result in higher risks. Our Chance Constrained (CC) OPF corrects the problem and mitigates dangerous fluctuations with minimal changes in the current operational procedure. Assuming availability of a reliable forecast parameterizing the distribution function of the uncertain resources, our CC-OPF satisfies all the constraints with high probability while simultaneously minimizing the cost of economic dispatch. For linear (DC) modeling of power flows, and parametrization of the uncertainty through Gaussian distribution functions the CC-OPF turns into convex (conic) optimization, which allows efficient and scalable cutting-plane implementation. When estimates of the Gaussian parameters are imprecise we robustify CC-OPF deriving its data ambiguous and still scalable implementation. C1 [Bienstock, Daniel] Columbia Univ, Dept Ind Engn, New York, NY 10027 USA. [Bienstock, Daniel] Columbia Univ, Dept Operat Res, New York, NY 10027 USA. [Bienstock, Daniel] Columbia Univ, Dept Appl Phys, New York, NY 10027 USA. [Bienstock, Daniel] Columbia Univ, Dept Appl Math, New York, NY 10027 USA. [Chertkov, Michael] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Chertkov, Michael; Harnett, Sean] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Harnett, Sean] Columbia Univ, Dept Appl Phys & Appl Math, New York, NY 10027 USA. RP Bienstock, D (reprint author), Columbia Univ, Dept Ind Engn, New York, NY 10027 USA. EM dano@columbia.edu; chertkov@lanl.gov RI Chertkov, Michael/O-8828-2015 NR 30 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0743-1546 BN 978-1-4673-5717-3 J9 IEEE DECIS CONTR P PY 2013 BP 4335 EP 4340 PG 6 WC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering GA BC4AR UT WOS:000352223504141 ER PT S AU Garcia, HE Lin, WC Meerkov, SM Ravichandran, MT AF Garcia, Humberto E. Lin, Wen-Chiao Meerkov, Semyon M. Ravichandran, Maruthi T. GP IEEE TI Resilient Plant Monitoring System: Design, Analysis, and Performance Evaluation SO 2013 IEEE 52ND ANNUAL CONFERENCE ON DECISION AND CONTROL (CDC) SE IEEE Conference on Decision and Control LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 52nd IEEE Annual Conference on Decision and Control (CDC) CY DEC 10-13, 2013 CL Florence, ITALY SP Honeywell, MathWorks, Springer, Taylor & Francis, Univ Trieste, Elsevier, GE Global Res, Natl Instruments, PendCon, Soc Ind & Appl Math, Wolfram, Journal Franklin Inst, United Technologies Res Ctr, Danieli Automat AB Resilient monitoring systems are sensor networks that degrade gracefully under malicious attacks on their sensors, causing them to project misleading information. The goal of this paper is to design, analyze, and evaluate the performance of a resilient monitoring system intended to monitor plant conditions (normal or anomalous). The architecture developed consists of four layers: data quality assessment, process variable assessment, plant condition assessment, and sensor network adaptation. Each of these layers is analyzed by either analytical or numerical tools, and the performance of the overall system is evaluated using simulations. The measure of resiliency of the resulting system is evaluated using Kullback-Leibler divergence, and is shown to be sufficiently high in all scenarios considered. C1 [Garcia, Humberto E.; Lin, Wen-Chiao] Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. [Meerkov, Semyon M.; Ravichandran, Maruthi T.] Univ Michigan, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. RP Garcia, HE (reprint author), Idaho Natl Lab, POB 1625, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. EM Humberto.Garcia@inl.gov; Wen-Chiao.Lin@inl.gov; smm@umich.edu; marutrav@umich.edu NR 13 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0743-1546 BN 978-1-4673-5717-3 J9 IEEE DECIS CONTR P PY 2013 BP 4983 EP 4990 PG 8 WC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering GA BC4AR UT WOS:000352223505099 ER PT S AU Garcia, M Giani, A Poolla, K AF Garcia, Manuel Giani, Annarita Poolla, Kameshwar GP IEEE TI Partial State Estimation for Electricity Grids(pi) SO 2013 IEEE 52ND ANNUAL CONFERENCE ON DECISION AND CONTROL (CDC) SE IEEE Conference on Decision and Control LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 52nd IEEE Annual Conference on Decision and Control (CDC) CY DEC 10-13, 2013 CL Florence, ITALY SP Honeywell, MathWorks, Springer, Taylor & Francis, Univ Trieste, Elsevier, GE Global Res, Natl Instruments, PendCon, Soc Ind & Appl Math, Wolfram, Journal Franklin Inst, United Technologies Res Ctr, Danieli Automat ID UNCERTAINTY AB Power system operators rely critically on state estimation for verification, fault detection and localization, and re-dispatch under contingency operations. In current practice, power system data within a control area such as voltages, phases, real and reactive power flows and injections, are relayed to the operator using SCADA systems. State estimation is formulated as an over-determined weighted nonlinear least squares problem and the solver of choice is the Newton-Raphson method. Two critical issues are: (a) estimate quality, due to data latency or convergence to false local minima, and (b) computation time, due to the large number of state variables involved. In this paper, we explore techniques to accelerate state estimation by computing state estimates at a small subset of buses using limited measurements from the power subsystem of interest. These could be operator selected "important" buses which connect to "important" lines with significant real power transfer. Our techniques are inspired by uncertainty quantification methods. The influence of power flows from exogenous buses is treated as uncertainty which defines a feasible set of state variables consistent with available measurements. The state estimation problem can be cast as a non-convex optimization problem. We use a surrogate model relaxation and Shor's rank relaxation to obtain state estimates and associated error bounds at user-defined confidence levels. C1 [Garcia, Manuel; Poolla, Kameshwar] Univ Calif Berkeley, Mech Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Giani, Annarita] Los Alamos Natl Lab, CNLS, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Giani, A (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, CNLS, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM annarita.giani@gmail.com NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0743-1546 BN 978-1-4673-5717-3 J9 IEEE DECIS CONTR P PY 2013 BP 7016 EP 7021 PG 6 WC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering GA BC4AR UT WOS:000352223507138 ER PT J AU Singhal, A Subbian, K Srivastava, J Kolda, TG Pinar, A AF Singhal, Ayush Subbian, Karthik Srivastava, Jaideep Kolda, Tamara G. Pinar, Ali BE Ozyer, T Carrington, P TI Dynamics of Trust Reciprocation in Multi-Relational Networks SO 2013 IEEE/ACM INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ADVANCES IN SOCIAL NETWORKS ANALYSIS AND MINING (ASONAM) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE/ACM International Conference on Advances in Social Networks Analysis and Mining (ASONAM) CY AUG 25-28, 2013 CL Niagara Falls, CANADA SP IEEE, Assoc Comp Machinery, Assoc Comp Machinery SIGKDD, IEEE Comp Soc, IEEE TCDE, Global Univ, Hellen American Univ, Springer, Microsoft, EXtra, Springer Verlag, Assoc Comp Machinery SIGMOD DE MMOGs; trust; reciprocation; multi-relational network; prediction ID SOCIAL NETWORKS; WORLD AB Understanding the dynamics of reciprocation is of great interest in sociology and computational social science. The recent growth of Massively Multi-player Online Games (MMOGs) has provided unprecedented access to large-scale data which enables us to study such complex human behavior in a more systematic manner. In this paper, we consider three different networks in the EverQuest2 game: chat, trade, and trust. The chat network has the highest level of reciprocation (33%) because there are essentially no barriers to it. The trade network has a lower rate of reciprocation (27%) because it has the obvious barrier of requiring goods or money for exchange; morever, there is no clear benefit to returning a trade link except in terms of social connections. The trust network has the lowest reciprocation (14%) because this equates to sharing certain within-game assets such as weapons, and so there is a high barrier for such connections In general, we observe that reciprocation rate is inversely related to the barrier level in these networks. We also note that reciprocation has connections across the heterogeneous networks. Our experiments indicate that players make use of the medium-barrier reciprocations to strengthen a relationship. We hypothesize that lower-barrier interactions are an important component to predicting higher-barrier ones. We verify our hypothesis using predictive models for trust reciprocations with features from trade interactions. Incorporating the number of trades (both before and after the initial trust link) boosts our ability to predict if the trust will be reciprocated up to 11% with respect to the AUC. More generally, we see strong correlations across the different networks and emphasize that network dynamics, such as reciprocation, cannot be studied in isolation on just a single type of connection. C1 [Singhal, Ayush; Subbian, Karthik; Srivastava, Jaideep] Univ Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Kolda, Tamara G.; Pinar, Ali] Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA USA. RP Singhal, A (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. EM ayush@cs.umn.edu; karthik@cs.umn.edu; srivasta@cs.umn.edu; tgkolda@sandia.gov; apinar@sandia.gov NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4503-2240-9 PY 2013 BP 667 EP 671 PG 5 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BC5YC UT WOS:000353639700096 ER PT J AU Sims, BH Sinitsyn, N Eidenbenz, SJ AF Sims, Benjamin H. Sinitsyn, Nikolai Eidenbenz, Stephan J. BE Ozyer, T Carrington, P TI Visualization and Modeling of Structural Features of a Large Organizational Email Network SO 2013 IEEE/ACM INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ADVANCES IN SOCIAL NETWORKS ANALYSIS AND MINING (ASONAM) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE/ACM International Conference on Advances in Social Networks Analysis and Mining (ASONAM) CY AUG 25-28, 2013 CL Niagara Falls, CANADA SP IEEE, Assoc Comp Machinery, Assoc Comp Machinery SIGKDD, IEEE Comp Soc, IEEE TCDE, Global Univ, Hellen American Univ, Springer, Microsoft, EXtra, Springer Verlag, Assoc Comp Machinery SIGMOD ID HIERARCHICAL ORGANIZATION AB This paper presents findings from a study of the email network of a large scientific research organization, focusing on methods for visualizing and modeling organizational hierarchies within large, complex network datasets. In the first part of the paper, we find that visualization and interpretation of complex organizational network data is facilitated by integration of network data with information on formal organizational divisions and levels. By aggregating and visualizing email traffic between organizational units at various levels, we derive several insights into how large subdivisions of the organization interact with each other and with outside organizations. In the second part of the paper, we propose a power law model for predicting degree distribution of organizational email traffic based on hierarchical relationships between managers and employees. This model considers the influence of global email announcements sent from managers to all employees under their supervision, and the role support staff play in generating email traffic, acting as agents for managers. C1 [Sims, Benjamin H.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Stat Sci CCS 6, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Sinitsyn, Nikolai] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Phys Condensed Matter & Complex Syst T 4, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Eidenbenz, Stephan J.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Informat Sci CCS 3, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Sims, BH (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Stat Sci CCS 6, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM bsims@lanl.gov; nsinitsyn@lanl.gov; eidenben@lanl.gov NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4503-2240-9 PY 2013 BP 793 EP 797 PG 5 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BC5YC UT WOS:000353639700115 ER PT S AU Castello, CC New, JR Smith, MK AF Castello, Charles C. New, Joshua R. Smith, Matt K. GP IEEE TI Autonomous Correction of Sensor Data Applied to Building Technologies Using Filtering Methods SO 2013 IEEE GLOBAL CONFERENCE ON SIGNAL AND INFORMATION PROCESSING (GLOBALSIP) SE IEEE Global Conference on Signal and Information Processing LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Global Conference on Signal and Information Processing (GlobalSIP) CY DEC 03-05, 2013 CL Austin, TX SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, IEEE Signal Proc Soc DE sensor systems; data processing; data analysis; filtering algorithms; Kalman filters AB Sensor data validity is extremely important in a number of applications, particularly building technologies. An example of this is Oak Ridge National Laboratory's ZEBRAlliance research project, which consists of four singlefamily homes located in Oak Ridge, TN. The homes are outfitted with a total of 1,218 sensors to determine the performance of a variety of different technologies integrated within each home. Issues arise with such a large amount of sensors, such as missing or corrupt data. This paper aims to eliminate these problems using: (1) Kalman filtering and (2) linear predictive coding (LPC) techniques. Simulations show the Kalman filtering method performed best in predicting temperature, humidity, pressure, and airflow data, while the LPC method performed best with energy consumption data. C1 [Castello, Charles C.; New, Joshua R.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Energy Transportat & Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. [Smith, Matt K.] Univ Alabama, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Tuscaloosa, AL USA. RP Castello, CC (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Energy Transportat & Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. EM castellocc@oml.gov; newjr@ornl.gov; mksmith3@crimson.ua.edu NR 6 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2376-4066 BN 978-1-4799-0248-4 J9 IEEE GLOB CONF SIG PY 2013 BP 121 EP 124 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BC2FE UT WOS:000350825600035 ER PT S AU Chartrand, R AF Chartrand, Rick GP IEEE TI Generalized Shrinkage and Penalty Functions SO 2013 IEEE GLOBAL CONFERENCE ON SIGNAL AND INFORMATION PROCESSING (GLOBALSIP) SE IEEE Global Conference on Signal and Information Processing LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Global Conference on Signal and Information Processing (GlobalSIP) CY DEC 03-05, 2013 CL Austin, TX SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, IEEE Signal Proc Soc AB We extend the proximal mapping property of soft thresholding to a general class of shrinkage mappings. We give an example and demonstrate improved reconstruction performance. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Chartrand, R (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM rickc@lanl.gov NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2376-4066 BN 978-1-4799-0248-4 J9 IEEE GLOB CONF SIG PY 2013 BP 616 EP 616 PG 1 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BC2FE UT WOS:000350825600158 ER PT S AU Sheen, DM AF Sheen, David M. GP IEEE TI Sparse Multi-Static Arrays for Near-Field Millimeter-Wave Imaging SO 2013 IEEE GLOBAL CONFERENCE ON SIGNAL AND INFORMATION PROCESSING (GLOBALSIP) SE IEEE Global Conference on Signal and Information Processing LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Global Conference on Signal and Information Processing (GlobalSIP) CY DEC 03-05, 2013 CL Austin, TX SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, IEEE Signal Proc Soc AB This paper describes a novel design technique for sparse multi-static linear arrays. The methods described allow the development of densely sampled linear arrays suitable for high-resolution near-field imaging that require dramatically fewer antenna and switch elements than the previous state of the art. The techniques used are related to sparse array techniques used in radio astronomy applications, but differ significantly in design due to the transmit-receive nature of the arrays, and the application to linear arrays that achieve dense uniform sampling suitable for high-resolution near-field imaging. As many as 3 to 5 or more samples per antenna can be obtained, compared to 1 sample per antenna for the current state of the art. This could dramatically reduce cost and improve performance over current active millimeter-wave imaging systems. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Sheen, DM (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2376-4066 BN 978-1-4799-0248-4 J9 IEEE GLOB CONF SIG PY 2013 BP 699 EP 702 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BC2FE UT WOS:000350825600191 ER PT S AU Venkatakrishnan, S Bouman, CA Wohlberg, B AF Venkatakrishnan, Singanallur Bouman, Charles A. Wohlberg, Brendt GP IEEE TI Plug-and-Play Priors for Model Based Reconstruction SO 2013 IEEE GLOBAL CONFERENCE ON SIGNAL AND INFORMATION PROCESSING (GLOBALSIP) SE IEEE Global Conference on Signal and Information Processing LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Global Conference on Signal and Information Processing (GlobalSIP) CY DEC 03-05, 2013 CL Austin, TX SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, IEEE Signal Proc Soc ID IMAGE; TOMOGRAPHY; SPARSE; REPRESENTATIONS; OPTIMIZATION; ALGORITHM; CT AB Model-based reconstruction is a powerful framework for solving a variety of inverse problems in imaging. In recent years, enormous progress has been made in the problem of denoising, a special case of an inverse problem where the forward model is an identity operator. Similarly, great progress has been made in improving model-based inversion when the forward model corresponds to complex physical measurements in applications such as X-ray CT, electron-microscopy, MRI, and ultrasound, to name just a few. However, combining state-of-the-art denoising algorithms (i.e., prior models) with state-of-the-art inversion methods (i.e., forward models) has been a challenge for many reasons. In this paper, we propose a flexible framework that allows state-of-the-art forward models of imaging systems to be matched with state-of-the-art priors or denoising models. This framework, which we term as Plug-and-Play priors, has the advantage that it dramatically simplifies software integration, and moreover, it allows state-of-the-art denoising methods that have no known formulation as an optimization problem to be used. We demonstrate with some simple examples how Plug-and-Play priors can be used to mix and match a wide variety of existing denoising models with a tomographic forward model, thus greatly expanding the range of possible problem solutions. C1 [Venkatakrishnan, Singanallur; Bouman, Charles A.] Purdue Univ, Sch Elect & Comp Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Wohlberg, Brendt] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Venkatakrishnan, S (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Sch Elect & Comp Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RI Wohlberg, Brendt/M-7764-2015 OI Wohlberg, Brendt/0000-0002-4767-1843 NR 24 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2376-4066 BN 978-1-4799-0248-4 J9 IEEE GLOB CONF SIG PY 2013 BP 945 EP 948 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BC2FE UT WOS:000350825600252 ER PT S AU Theiler, J AF Theiler, James GP IEEE TI Spatio-Spectral Anomalous Change Detection in Hyperspectral Imagery SO 2013 IEEE GLOBAL CONFERENCE ON SIGNAL AND INFORMATION PROCESSING (GLOBALSIP) SE IEEE Global Conference on Signal and Information Processing LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Global Conference on Signal and Information Processing (GlobalSIP) CY DEC 03-05, 2013 CL Austin, TX SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, IEEE Signal Proc Soc DE hyperspectral; change detection; spatial filter; stacked filter; cross-covariance ID IMAGING DATA AB Because each pixel of a hyperspectral image contains so much information, many (successful) algorithms treat those pixels as independent samples, despite the evident spatial structure in the imagery. One way to exploit this structure is to incorporate spatial processing into pixel-wise anomalous change detection algorithms. But if this is done in the most straightforward way, a contaminated cross-covariance is produced. A spatial processing framework is proposed that avoids this contamination and enhances the performance of anomalous change detection algorithms in hyperspectral imagery. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Theiler, J (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM jt@lanl.gov NR 24 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2376-4066 BN 978-1-4799-0248-4 J9 IEEE GLOB CONF SIG PY 2013 BP 953 EP 956 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BC2FE UT WOS:000350825600254 ER PT S AU Ni, K Prenger, R AF Ni, Karl Prenger, Ryan GP IEEE TI Learning Features in Deep Architectures with Unsupervised Kernel k-Means SO 2013 IEEE GLOBAL CONFERENCE ON SIGNAL AND INFORMATION PROCESSING (GLOBALSIP) SE IEEE Global Conference on Signal and Information Processing LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Global Conference on Signal and Information Processing (GlobalSIP) CY DEC 03-05, 2013 CL Austin, TX SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, IEEE Signal Proc Soc AB Deep learning technology and related algorithms have dramatically broken landmark records for a broad range of learning problems in vision, speech, audio, and text processing. Meanwhile, kernel methods have found common-place usage due to their nonlinear expressive power and elegant optimization formulation. Based on recent progress in learning high-level, class-specific features in unlabeled data, we improve upon the result by combining nonlinear kernels and multi-layer (deep) architecture, which we apply at scale. In particular, our experimentation is based on k-means with an RBF kernel, though it is a straightforward extension to other unsupervised clustering techniques and other reproducing kernel Hilbert spaces. With the proposed method, we discover features distilled from unorganized images. We augment high-level feature invariance by pooling techniques. C1 [Ni, Karl; Prenger, Ryan] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Video Lab Directed Res & Dev, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Ni, K (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Video Lab Directed Res & Dev, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM ni4@llnl.gov; prenger1@llnl.gov NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2376-4066 BN 978-1-4799-0248-4 J9 IEEE GLOB CONF SIG PY 2013 BP 981 EP 984 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BC2FE UT WOS:000350825600261 ER PT S AU Akkan, H Lang, M Ionkov, L AF Akkan, Hakan Lang, Michael Ionkov, Latchesar GP IEEE TI HPC Runtime Support for Fast and Power Efficient Locking and Synchronization SO 2013 IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON CLUSTER COMPUTING (CLUSTER) SE IEEE International Conference on Cluster Computing LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 15th IEEE International Conference on Cluster Computing (CLUSTER) CY SEP 23-27, 2013 CL Indianapolis, IN SP IEEE, Cray Inc, Data Direct Networks, IBM Inc, Matrix Integrat Hewlett Packard, Indiana Univ Pervas Technol Inst, Natl Ctr Genome Anal Support, Case Western Reserve Univ, Univ Chicago Res Comp Ctr, Clemson Univ, Georgia Tech Informat Technol, Univ Miami Ctr Computat Sci, Mississippi State Univ, Univ Notre Dame, San Diego Supercomputer Center ID ALGORITHMS AB As compute nodes increase in parallelism, existing intra-node locking and synchronization primitives need to be scalable, fast, and power efficient. Most parallel runtime systems try to find a balance between these properties during synchronization by fine-tuned spin-waiting and processor yielding to the OS. Unfortunately, the code path followed by the OS to put the processor into a lower power state for idling almost always includes the interrupt processing path. This introduces an unnecessary overhead for both the waiting tasks and the task waking them up. In this work we investigate a pair of x86 specific instructions, MONITOR and mNAIT, that can be used to build these primitives with the desired performance and power efficiency properties. This pair of instructions allow a processor to quickly pause execution until another one wakes it up with single memory store avoiding the overhead of switching to the idle thread of the OS for the waiting task, and sending IPIs for the waking task. We implement a locking primitive using these instructions and evaluate its effectiveness in OpenMP on low to high scales. In these tests we have seen very good scaling and performance improvements of up to 23x and 6x power reduction at 64 cores. With these results as a motivation we propose that other high-core count processors include these type of instructions and make them available to user-space applications. C1 [Akkan, Hakan] New Mexico Consortium, Mexico City, DF, Mexico. [Lang, Michael; Ionkov, Latchesar] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. RP Akkan, H (reprint author), New Mexico Consortium, Mexico City, DF, Mexico. FU U.S. Department of Energy [DEFC02-06ER25750]; LANL [LA-UR-13-26575] FX This work was performed at the Ultrascale Systems Research Center (USRC) at Los Alamos National Laboratory, supported by the U.S. Department of Energy contract DEFC02-06ER25750. The publication has been assigned the LANL identifier LA-UR-13-26575. NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1552-5244 BN 978-1-4799-0898-1 J9 IEEE INT C CL COMP PY 2013 PG 7 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BC0OA UT WOS:000349249800055 ER PT S AU Ananthakrishnan, R Bryan, J Chard, K Foster, I Howe, T Lidman, M Tuecke, S AF Ananthakrishnan, Rachana Bryan, Josh Chard, Kyle Foster, Ian Howe, Tom Lidman, Mayyias Tuecke, Steven GP IEEE TI Globus Nexus: An identity, profile, and group management platform for science gateways and other collaborative science applications SO 2013 IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON CLUSTER COMPUTING (CLUSTER) SE IEEE International Conference on Cluster Computing LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 15th IEEE International Conference on Cluster Computing (CLUSTER) CY SEP 23-27, 2013 CL Indianapolis, IN SP IEEE, Cray Inc, Data Direct Networks, IBM Inc, Matrix Integrat Hewlett Packard, Indiana Univ Pervas Technol Inst, Natl Ctr Genome Anal Support, Case Western Reserve Univ, Univ Chicago Res Comp Ctr, Clemson Univ, Georgia Tech Informat Technol, Univ Miami Ctr Computat Sci, Mississippi State Univ, Univ Notre Dame, San Diego Supercomputer Center DE identity; group; authentication; authorization profile; science gateways; platform AB Globus Nexus is a flexible and powerful Platform-as-a-Service to which developers can outsource identity, group, and profile management needs. By providing these frequently important but always challenging capabilities as a service, accessible over the network, Globus Nexus streamlines web application development and makes it easy for individuals, teams, and institutions to create collaborative web applications such as science gateways for the science community. We introduce the capabilities of this platform and review representative applications. C1 [Ananthakrishnan, Rachana] Argonne Natl Lab, Computat Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Bryan, Josh; Chard, Kyle; Foster, Ian; Howe, Tom; Lidman, Mayyias; Tuecke, Steven] Univ Chicago, Computat Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. RP Ananthakrishnan, R (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Computat Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. FU NIH through NIGMS [U24 GMI04203]; Bio-Informatics Research Network Coordinating Center (BIRN-CC); DOE [DE-AC02-06CHl1357] FX We thank the Globus Online team for their work implementing and operating Globus Nexus services. We also thank the XSEDE architecture team for their contributions to our understanding of requirements. This work was supported in part by the NIH through NIGMS grant U24 GMI04203 Bio-Informatics Research Network Coordinating Center (BIRN-CC) and by the DOE through grant DE-AC02-06CHl1357. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1552-5244 BN 978-1-4799-0898-1 J9 IEEE INT C CL COMP PY 2013 PG 3 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BC0OA UT WOS:000349249800089 ER PT S AU Balaprakash, P Gramacy, RB Wild, SM AF Balaprakash, Prasanna Gramacy, Robert B. Wild, Stefan M. GP IEEE TI Active-Learning-Based Surrogate Models for Empirical Performance Tuning SO 2013 IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON CLUSTER COMPUTING (CLUSTER) SE IEEE International Conference on Cluster Computing LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 15th IEEE International Conference on Cluster Computing (CLUSTER) CY SEP 23-27, 2013 CL Indianapolis, IN SP IEEE, Cray Inc, Data Direct Networks, IBM Inc, Matrix Integrat Hewlett Packard, Indiana Univ Pervas Technol Inst, Natl Ctr Genome Anal Support, Case Western Reserve Univ, Univ Chicago Res Comp Ctr, Clemson Univ, Georgia Tech Informat Technol, Univ Miami Ctr Computat Sci, Mississippi State Univ, Univ Notre Dame, San Diego Supercomputer Center ID DYNAMIC TREES; OPTIMIZATION; DESIGN AB Performance models have profound impact on hardware-software codesign, architectural explorations, and performance tuning of scientific applications. Developing algebraic performance models is becoming an increasingly challenging task. In such situations, a statistical surrogate-based performance model, fitted to a small number of input-output points obtained from empirical evaluation on the target machine, provides a range of benefits. Accurate surrogates can emulate the output of the expensive empirical evaluation at new inputs and therefore can be used to test and/or aid search, compiler, and autotuning algorithms. We present an iterative parallel algorithm that builds surrogate performance models for scientific kernels and workloads on single-core and multicore and multinode architectures. We tailor to our unique parallel environment an active learning heuristic popular in the literature on the sequential design of computer experiments in order to identify the code variants whose evaluations have the best potential to improve the surrogate. We use the proposed approach in a number of case studies to illustrate its effectiveness. C1 [Balaprakash, Prasanna; Wild, Stefan M.] Argonne Natl Lab, Math & Comp Sci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Gramacy, Robert B.] Univ Chicago, Booth Sch Business, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. RP Balaprakash, P (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Math & Comp Sci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM pbalapra@mcs.anl.gov; rbgramacy@chicagobooth.edu; wild@mcs.anl.gov RI Wild, Stefan/P-4907-2016 OI Wild, Stefan/0000-0002-6099-2772 NR 26 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1552-5244 BN 978-1-4799-0898-1 J9 IEEE INT C CL COMP PY 2013 PG 8 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BC0OA UT WOS:000349249800079 ER PT S AU Dong, B Byna, S Wu, KS AF Dong, Bin Byna, Surendra Wu, Kesheng GP IEEE TI Expediting Scientific Data Analysis with Reorganization of Data SO 2013 IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON CLUSTER COMPUTING (CLUSTER) SE IEEE International Conference on Cluster Computing LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 15th IEEE International Conference on Cluster Computing (CLUSTER) CY SEP 23-27, 2013 CL Indianapolis, IN SP IEEE, Cray Inc, Data Direct Networks, IBM Inc, Matrix Integrat Hewlett Packard, Indiana Univ Pervas Technol Inst, Natl Ctr Genome Anal Support, Case Western Reserve Univ, Univ Chicago Res Comp Ctr, Clemson Univ, Georgia Tech Informat Technol, Univ Miami Ctr Computat Sci, Mississippi State Univ, Univ Notre Dame, San Diego Supercomputer Center ID SYSTEMS AB Data producers typically optimize the layout of data files to minimize the write time. In most cases, data analysis tasks read these files in access patterns different from the write patterns causing poor read performance. In this paper, we introduce Scientific Data Services (SDS), a framework for bridging the performance gap between writing and reading scientific data. SDS reorganizes data to match the read patterns of analysis tasks and enables transparent data reads from the reorganized data. We implemented a HDF5 Virtual Object Layer (VOL) plugin to redirect the HDF5 dataset read calls to the reorganized data. To demonstrate the effectiveness of SDS, we applied two parallel data organization techniques: a sort-based organization on a plasma physics data and a transpose-based organization on mass spectrometry imaging data. We also extended the HDF5 data access API to allow selection of data based on their values through a query interface, called SDS Query. We evaluated the execution time in accessing various subsets of data through existing HDF5 Read API and SDS Query. We showed that reading the reorganized data using SDS is up to 55X faster than reading the original data. C1 [Dong, Bin; Byna, Surendra; Wu, Kesheng] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Comp Res Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Dong, B (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Comp Res Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM DBin@lbl.gov; SByna@lbl.gov; KWu@lbl.gov NR 26 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1552-5244 BN 978-1-4799-0898-1 J9 IEEE INT C CL COMP PY 2013 PG 8 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BC0OA UT WOS:000349249800071 ER PT S AU Li, B Song, SL Bezakova, I Cameron, KW AF Li, Bo Song, Shuaiwen Leon Bezakova, Ivona Cameron, Kirk W. GP IEEE TI EDR: An Energy-Aware Runtime Load Distribution System for Data-Intensive Applications in the Cloud SO 2013 IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON CLUSTER COMPUTING (CLUSTER) SE IEEE International Conference on Cluster Computing LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 15th IEEE International Conference on Cluster Computing (CLUSTER) CY SEP 23-27, 2013 CL Indianapolis, IN SP IEEE, Cray Inc, Data Direct Networks, IBM Inc, Matrix Integrat Hewlett Packard, Indiana Univ Pervas Technol Inst, Natl Ctr Genome Anal Support, Case Western Reserve Univ, Univ Chicago Res Comp Ctr, Clemson Univ, Georgia Tech Informat Technol, Univ Miami Ctr Computat Sci, Mississippi State Univ, Univ Notre Dame, San Diego Supercomputer Center ID POWER AB Data centers account for a growing percentage of US power consumption. Energy efficiency is now a first-class design constraint for the data centers that support cloud services. Service providers must distribute their data efficiently across multiple data centers. This includes creation of data replicas that provide multiple copies of data for efficient access. However, selecting replicas to maximize performance while minimizing energy waste is an open problem. State of the art replica selection approaches either do not address energy, lack scalability and/or are vulnerable to crashes due to use of a centralized coordinator. Therefore, we propose, develop and evaluate a simple cost-oriented decentralized replica selection system named EDR (Energy-Aware Distributed Running system), implemented with two distributed optimization algorithms. We demonstrate experimentally the cost differences in various replica selection scenarios and show that our novel approach is as fast as the best available decentralized approach DONAR,while additionally considering dynamic energy costs. We show that an average of 12% savings on total system energy costs can be achieved by using EDR for several data intensive applications. C1 [Li, Bo; Cameron, Kirk W.] Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Song, Shuaiwen Leon] Pacific Northwest Natl Lab, Richland, WA USA. [Bezakova, Ivona] Rochester Inst Technol, Rochester, NY USA. RP Li, B (reprint author), Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. EM bx14074@vt.edu; shuaiwen.song@pnnl.gov; ib@cs.rit.edu; cameron@cs.vt.edu NR 33 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1552-5244 BN 978-1-4799-0898-1 J9 IEEE INT C CL COMP PY 2013 PG 8 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BC0OA UT WOS:000349249800070 ER PT S AU Liu, Z Lofstead, J Wang, T Yu, WK AF Liu, Zhuo Lofstead, Jay Wang, Teng Yu, Weikuan GP IEEE TI A Case of System-Wide Power Management for Scientific Applications SO 2013 IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON CLUSTER COMPUTING (CLUSTER) SE IEEE International Conference on Cluster Computing LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 15th IEEE International Conference on Cluster Computing (CLUSTER) CY SEP 23-27, 2013 CL Indianapolis, IN SP IEEE, Cray Inc, Data Direct Networks, IBM Inc, Matrix Integrat Hewlett Packard, Indiana Univ Pervas Technol Inst, Natl Ctr Genome Anal Support, Case Western Reserve Univ, Univ Chicago Res Comp Ctr, Clemson Univ, Georgia Tech Informat Technol, Univ Miami Ctr Computat Sci, Mississippi State Univ, Univ Notre Dame, San Diego Supercomputer Center AB The advance of high-performance computing systems towards exascale will be constrained by the systems' energy consumption levels. Large numbers of processing components, memory, interconnects, and storage components must all be considered to achieve exascale performance within a targeted energy bound. While application-aware power allocation schemes for computing resources are well studied, a portable and scalable budget-constrained power management scheme for scientific applications on exascale systems is still required. Execution activities within scientific applications can be categorized as CPU-bound, I/O-bound and communication-bound. Such activities tend to be clustered into 'phases', offering opportunities to manage their power consumption separately. Our experiments have demonstrated that their performance and energy consumption are affected differently by CPU frequency, an opportunity to fine tune CPU frequency for a minimal impact on the total execution time but significant savings on the energy consumption. By exploiting this opportunity, we present a phase-aware hierarchical power management framework that can opportunistically deliver good tradeoffs between system power consumption and application performance under a power budget. Our hierarchical power management framework consists of two main techniques: Phase-Aware CPU Frequency Scaling (PAFS) and opportunistic provisioning for power-constrained performance optimization. We have performed a systematic evaluation using both simulations and representative scientific applications on real systems. Our results show that our techniques can achieve 4.3%47% better energy efficiency for large-scale scientific applications. C1 [Liu, Zhuo; Wang, Teng; Yu, Weikuan] Auburn Univ, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. [Lofstead, Jay] Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Liu, Z (reprint author), Auburn Univ, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. EM zhuolin@auburn.edu; gflofst@sandia.gov; tzw0019@auburn.edu; wkyu@auburn.edu FU NASA [NNXIIAR20G]; National SCience Foundation award [CNS-1059376]; Sandia National Laboratories is a multi-program laboratory managed and operated under [DE-AC04-94AL85000] FX This work is funded in part by a NASA ,grant NNXIIAR20G and enabled by the U.S. National SCience Foundation award CNS-1059376 to Auburn University. Sandia National Laboratories is a multi-program laboratory managed and operated under the contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1552-5244 BN 978-1-4799-0898-1 J9 IEEE INT C CL COMP PY 2013 PG 8 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BC0OA UT WOS:000349249800077 ER PT S AU Maheshwari, K Rodriguez, A Kelly, D Madduri, R Wozniak, J Wilde, M Foster, I AF Maheshwari, Ketan Rodriguez, Alex Kelly, David Madduri, Ravi Wozniak, Justin Wilde, Michael Foster, Ian GP IEEE TI Enabling Multi task computation on Galaxy-based Gateways using Swift SO 2013 IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON CLUSTER COMPUTING (CLUSTER) SE IEEE International Conference on Cluster Computing LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 15th IEEE International Conference on Cluster Computing (CLUSTER) CY SEP 23-27, 2013 CL Indianapolis, IN SP IEEE, Cray Inc, Data Direct Networks, IBM Inc, Matrix Integrat Hewlett Packard, Indiana Univ Pervas Technol Inst, Natl Ctr Genome Anal Support, Case Western Reserve Univ, Univ Chicago Res Comp Ctr, Clemson Univ, Georgia Tech Informat Technol, Univ Miami Ctr Computat Sci, Mississippi State Univ, Univ Notre Dame, San Diego Supercomputer Center AB The Galaxy science portal is a popular gateway to data analysis and computational tools for a broad range of life sciences communities. While Galaxy enables users to overcome the complexities of integrating diverse tools into unified workflows, it has only limited capabilities to execute those tools on the parallel and often distributed high-performance resources that the life sciences fields increasingly requires. We outline here an approach to meet this pressing requirement with the Swift parallel scripting language and its distributed runtime system. Swift's model of computation - implicitly parallel functional dataflow - is an elemental abstraction to which the core computing model of Galaxy maps very closely. We describe an integration between Galaxy and Swift that is transforming Galaxy into a much more powerful science gateway, retaining its user-friendly nature while extending its power to execute highly scalable workflows on diverse parallel environments. C1 [Maheshwari, Ketan; Kelly, David; Madduri, Ravi; Wozniak, Justin; Wilde, Michael; Foster, Ian] Argonne Natl Lab, MCS Div, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Rodriguez, Alex; Kelly, David; Madduri, Ravi; Wozniak, Justin; Wilde, Michael; Foster, Ian] Univ Chicago, Inst Computat, Argonne Natl Lab, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. RP Maheshwari, K (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, MCS Div, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science [DE-AC02-06CHl1357] FX This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, under Contract DE-AC02-06CHl1357. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1552-5244 BN 978-1-4799-0898-1 J9 IEEE INT C CL COMP PY 2013 PG 3 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BC0OA UT WOS:000349249800097 ER PT S AU Maheshwari, K Jung, ES Meng, JY Vishwanath, V Kettimuthu, R AF Maheshwari, Ketan Jung, Eun-Sung Meng, Jiayuan Vishwanath, Venkatram Kettimuthu, Rajkumar GP IEEE TI Model-Driven Multisite Workflow Scheduling SO 2013 IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON CLUSTER COMPUTING (CLUSTER) SE IEEE International Conference on Cluster Computing LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 15th IEEE International Conference on Cluster Computing (CLUSTER) CY SEP 23-27, 2013 CL Indianapolis, IN SP IEEE, Cray Inc, Data Direct Networks, IBM Inc, Matrix Integrat Hewlett Packard, Indiana Univ Pervas Technol Inst, Natl Ctr Genome Anal Support, Case Western Reserve Univ, Univ Chicago Res Comp Ctr, Clemson Univ, Georgia Tech Informat Technol, Univ Miami Ctr Computat Sci, Mississippi State Univ, Univ Notre Dame, San Diego Supercomputer Center AB Workflows continue to play an important role in expressing and deploying scientific applications. In recent years, a wide variety of computational sites have emerged with shared access to users. A user may not be able to complete a complex workflow at a single site. It is thus beneficial to run different tasks of a workflow on different sites. For such cases, judicious scheduling strategy is required in order to map tasks in the workflow to resources at multiple sites so that the workload is balanced among sites and the overhead is minimized in data transfer. The key challenge is that the data transfer rate among sites varies based on the network capacity and load. We propose a workflow scheduling technique that tackles the multi-site task distribution challenge by using data movement performance modeling. We applied this technique to schedule an earth observation science workflow over three sites. Executed via the Swift parallel scripting paradigm, we augmented its default schedule and improved the time-to-completion by up to 52%. C1 [Maheshwari, Ketan; Jung, Eun-Sung; Meng, Jiayuan; Vishwanath, Venkatram; Kettimuthu, Rajkumar] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Maheshwari, K (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1552-5244 BN 978-1-4799-0898-1 J9 IEEE INT C CL COMP PY 2013 PG 5 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BC0OA UT WOS:000349249800044 ER PT S AU Reano, C Mayo, R Quintana-Orti, ES Silla, F Duato, J Pena, AJ AF Reano, C. Mayo, R. Quintana-Orti, E. S. Silla, F. Duato, J. Pena, A. J. GP IEEE TI Influence of InfiniB and FDR on the Performance of Remote GPU Virtualization SO 2013 IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON CLUSTER COMPUTING (CLUSTER) SE IEEE International Conference on Cluster Computing LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 15th IEEE International Conference on Cluster Computing (CLUSTER) CY SEP 23-27, 2013 CL Indianapolis, IN SP IEEE, Cray Inc, Data Direct Networks, IBM Inc, Matrix Integrat Hewlett Packard, Indiana Univ Pervas Technol Inst, Natl Ctr Genome Anal Support, Case Western Reserve Univ, Univ Chicago Res Comp Ctr, Clemson Univ, Georgia Tech Informat Technol, Univ Miami Ctr Computat Sci, Mississippi State Univ, Univ Notre Dame, San Diego Supercomputer Center AB The use of GPUs to accelerate general-purpose scientific and engineering applications is mainstream today, but their adoption in current high-performance computing clusters is impaired primarily by acquisition costs and power consumption. Therefore, the benefits of sharing a reduced number of GPUs among all the nodes of a cluster can be remarkable for many applications. This approach, usually referred to as remote GPU virtualization, aims at reducing the number of GPUs present in a cluster, while increasing their utilization rate. The performance of the interconnection network is key to achieving reasonable performance results by means of remote GPU virtualization. To this end, several networking technologies with throughput comparable to that of PCI Express have appeared recently. In this paper we analyze the influence of InfiniBand FDR on the performance of remote GPU virtualization, comparing its impact on a variety of GPU-accelerated applications with other networking technologies, such as InfiniBand QDR and Gigabit Ethernet. Given the severe limitations of freely available remote GPU virtualization solutions, the rCUDA framework is used as the case study for this analysis. Results show that the new FDR interconnect, featuring higher bandwidth than its predecessors, allows the reduction of the overhead of using GPUs remotely, thus making this approach even more appealing. C1 [Reano, C.; Mayo, R.; Quintana-Orti, E. S.] Univ Jaume 1, Castellon de La Plana 12071, Spain. [Silla, F.; Duato, J.] Univ Politecn Valencia, E-46022 Valencia, Spain. [Pena, A. J.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Reano, C (reprint author), Univ Jaume 1, Castellon de La Plana 12071, Spain. EM carregon@gap.upv.es; mayo@icc.uji.es; quintana@icc.uji.es; fsilla@disca.upv.es; jduato@disca.upv.es; apenya@anl.gov FU Generalitat Valenciana [PROMETEOII/2013/009]; Mellanox Technologies; U.S. Department of Energy [DEAC02-06CH11357] FX This work was funded by the Generalitat Valenciana under Grant PROMETEOII/2013/009 of the PROMETEO program phase II. The authors are also grateful for the generous support provided by Mellanox Technologies. This work was supported in part by the U.S. Department of Energy under contract DEAC02-06CH11357. NR 29 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1552-5244 BN 978-1-4799-0898-1 J9 IEEE INT C CL COMP PY 2013 PG 8 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BC0OA UT WOS:000349249800058 ER PT S AU Sarood, O Langer, A Kale, L Rountree, B de Supinski, B AF Sarood, Osman Langer, Akhil Kale, Laxmikanth Rountree, Barry de Supinski, Bronis GP IEEE TI Optimizing Power Allocation to CPU and Memory Subsystems in Overprovisioned HPC Systems SO 2013 IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON CLUSTER COMPUTING (CLUSTER) SE IEEE International Conference on Cluster Computing LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 15th IEEE International Conference on Cluster Computing (CLUSTER) CY SEP 23-27, 2013 CL Indianapolis, IN SP IEEE, Cray Inc, Data Direct Networks, IBM Inc, Matrix Integrat Hewlett Packard, Indiana Univ Pervas Technol Inst, Natl Ctr Genome Anal Support, Case Western Reserve Univ, Univ Chicago Res Comp Ctr, Clemson Univ, Georgia Tech Informat Technol, Univ Miami Ctr Computat Sci, Mississippi State Univ, Univ Notre Dame, San Diego Supercomputer Center AB Energy consumption and power draw pose two major challenges to the HPC community for designing larger systems. Present day HPC systems consume as much as 10MW of electricity and this is fast becoming a bottleneck. Although energy bills will significantly increase with machine size, power consumption is a hard constraint that must be addressed. Intel's Running Average Power Limit (RAPL) toolkit is a recent feature that enables power capping of CPU and memory subsystems on modern hardware. In this paper, we use RAPL to evaluate the possibility of improving execution time efficiency of an application by capping power while adding more nodes. We profile the strong scaling of an application using different power caps for both CPU and memory subsystems. Our proposed interpolation scheme uses an application profile to optimize the number of nodes and the distribution of power between CPU and memory subsystems to minimize execution time under a strict power budget. We validate these estimates by running experiments on a 20-node (120 cores) Sandy Bridge cluster. Our experimental results closely match the model estimates and show speedups greater than 1.47X for all applications compared to not capping CPU and memory power. We demonstrate that the quality of solution that our interpolation scheme provides matches very closely to results obtained via exhaustive profiling. C1 [Sarood, Osman; Langer, Akhil; Kale, Laxmikanth] Univ Illinois, Dept Comp Sci, Urbana, IL 37831 USA. [Rountree, Barry; de Supinski, Bronis] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. RP Sarood, O (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Comp Sci, Urbana, IL 37831 USA. EM sarood1@illinois.edu; alanger@illinois.edu; kale@illinois.edu; rountree4@llnl.gov; bronis@llnl.gov FU US Department of Energy under [DE-SC0001845]; National Science Foundation under grant NSF ITR HECURA [0833188]; NSF CNS [09- 58314] FX This research was supported in part by the US Department of Energy under grant DOE DE-SC0001845 and National Science Foundation under grant NSF ITR-HECURA-0833188 We are thankful to Prof. Tarek Abdelzaher for letting us use the testbed for experimentation under grant NSF CNS 09- 58314. NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1552-5244 BN 978-1-4799-0898-1 J9 IEEE INT C CL COMP PY 2013 PG 8 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BC0OA UT WOS:000349249800080 ER PT S AU Son, SW Sehrish, S Liao, WK Oldfield, R Choudhary, A AF Son, Seung Woo Sehrish, Saba Liao, Wei-keng Oldfield, Ron Choudhary, Alok GP IEEE TI Dynamic File Striping and Data Layout Transformation on Parallel System with Fluctuating I/O Workload SO 2013 IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON CLUSTER COMPUTING (CLUSTER) SE IEEE International Conference on Cluster Computing LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 15th IEEE International Conference on Cluster Computing (CLUSTER) CY SEP 23-27, 2013 CL Indianapolis, IN SP IEEE, Cray Inc, Data Direct Networks, IBM Inc, Matrix Integrat Hewlett Packard, Indiana Univ Pervas Technol Inst, Natl Ctr Genome Anal Support, Case Western Reserve Univ, Univ Chicago Res Comp Ctr, Clemson Univ, Georgia Tech Informat Technol, Univ Miami Ctr Computat Sci, Mississippi State Univ, Univ Notre Dame, San Diego Supercomputer Center DE Collective I/O; Parallel NetCDF; File partitioning AB As the number of compute cores on modern parallel machines increases to more than hundreds of thousands, scalable and consistent I/O performance is becoming hard to obtain due to fluctuating file system performance. This fluctuation is often caused by rebuilding RAID disk from hardware failures or concurrent jobs competing for I/O. We present a mechanism that stripes across a dynamically-selected subset of I/O servers with the lightest workload to achieve the best I/O bandwidth available from the system. We implement this mechanism into an I/O software layer that enables memory-to-file data layout transformation and allows transparent file partitioning. File partitioning is a technique that divides data among a set of files and manages file access, making data appear as a single file to users. Experimental results on NERSC's Hopper indicate that our approach effectively isolates I/O variation on shared systems and improves overall I/O performance significantly. C1 [Son, Seung Woo; Liao, Wei-keng; Choudhary, Alok] Northwestern Univ, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. [Sehrish, Saba] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, N Chicago, IL 60064 USA. [Oldfield, Ron] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87101 USA. RP Son, SW (reprint author), Northwestern Univ, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. FU NSF [CCF-0833131, CNS-0830927, IIS-0905205, CCF-0938000, CCF-1029166, OCI-1144061]; DOE [DE-FG02-08ER25848, DE-SC0001283, DESC0005309, DESC0005340, DESC0007456]; AFOSR [FA9550-12-1-0458]; National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center; Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX This work is supported in part by the following grants: NSF awards CCF-0833131, CNS-0830927, IIS-0905205, CCF-0938000, CCF-1029166, and OCI-1144061; DOE awards DE-FG02-08ER25848, DE-SC0001283, DESC0005309, DESC0005340, and DESC0007456; AFOSR award FA9550-12-1-0458. This research used resources of the National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center, which is supported by the Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. NR 32 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1552-5244 BN 978-1-4799-0898-1 J9 IEEE INT C CL COMP PY 2013 PG 8 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BC0OA UT WOS:000349249800085 ER PT S AU Soumagne, J Kimpe, D Zounmevo, J Chaarawi, M Koziol, Q Afsahi, A Ross, R AF Soumagne, Jerome Kimpe, Dries Zounmevo, Judicael Chaarawi, Mohamad Koziol, Quincey Afsahi, Ahmad Ross, Robert GP IEEE TI Mercury: Enabling Remote Procedure Call for High-Performance Computing SO 2013 IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON CLUSTER COMPUTING (CLUSTER) SE IEEE International Conference on Cluster Computing LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 15th IEEE International Conference on Cluster Computing (CLUSTER) CY SEP 23-27, 2013 CL Indianapolis, IN SP IEEE, Cray Inc, Data Direct Networks, IBM Inc, Matrix Integrat Hewlett Packard, Indiana Univ Pervas Technol Inst, Natl Ctr Genome Anal Support, Case Western Reserve Univ, Univ Chicago Res Comp Ctr, Clemson Univ, Georgia Tech Informat Technol, Univ Miami Ctr Computat Sci, Mississippi State Univ, Univ Notre Dame, San Diego Supercomputer Center AB Remote procedure call (RPC) is a technique that has been largely adopted by distributed services. This technique, now more and more used in the context of high-performance computing (HPC), allows the execution of routines to be delegated to remote nodes, which can be set aside and dedicated to specific tasks. However, existing RPC frameworks assume a socket-based network interface (usually on top of TCP/IP), which is not appropriate for HPC systems, because this API does not typically map well to the native network transport used on those systems, resulting in lower network performance. In addition, existing RPC frameworks often do not support handling large data arguments, such as those found in read or write calls. We present in this paper an asynchronous RPC interface, called Mercury, specifically designed for use in HPC systems. The interface allows asynchronous transfer of parameters and execution requests and provides direct support of large data arguments. Mercury is generic in order to allow any function call to be shipped. Additionally, the network implementation is abstracted, allowing easy porting to future systems and efficient use of existing native transport mechanisms. C1 [Soumagne, Jerome; Chaarawi, Mohamad; Koziol, Quincey] HDF Grp, Champaign, IL 61820 USA. [Kimpe, Dries; Ross, Robert] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Zounmevo, Judicael; Afsahi, Ahmad] Queens Univ, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada. RP Soumagne, J (reprint author), HDF Grp, Champaign, IL 61820 USA. FU Exascale FastForward [B599860]; Office of Advanced Scientific Computer Research; Office of Science, U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX The work presented in this paper was supported by the Exascale FastForward project, LLNS subcontract no. B599860, and by the Office of Advanced Scientific Computer Research, Office of Science, U.S. Department of Energy, under Contract DE-AC02-06CH11357. NR 24 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1552-5244 BN 978-1-4799-0898-1 J9 IEEE INT C CL COMP PY 2013 PG 8 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BC0OA UT WOS:000349249800015 ER PT S AU Tan, L Chen, LX Chen, ZZ Zong, ZL Ge, R Li, D AF Tan, Li Chen, Longxiang Chen, Zizhong Zong, Ziliang Ge, Rong Li, Dong GP IEEE TI Improving Performance and Energy Efficiency of Matrix Multiplication via Pipeline Broadcast SO 2013 IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON CLUSTER COMPUTING (CLUSTER) SE IEEE International Conference on Cluster Computing LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 15th IEEE International Conference on Cluster Computing (CLUSTER) CY SEP 23-27, 2013 CL Indianapolis, IN SP IEEE, Cray Inc, Data Direct Networks, IBM Inc, Matrix Integrat Hewlett Packard, Indiana Univ Pervas Technol Inst, Natl Ctr Genome Anal Support, Case Western Reserve Univ, Univ Chicago Res Comp Ctr, Clemson Univ, Georgia Tech Informat Technol, Univ Miami Ctr Computat Sci, Mississippi State Univ, Univ Notre Dame, San Diego Supercomputer Center DE distributed matrix multiplication; performance; energy; pipeline broadcast; binomial tree broadcast; ScaLAPACK AB Boosting performance and energy efficiency of scientific applications running on high performance computing systems arise cruicially nowadays. Software and hardware based solutions for improving communication performance have been recognized as significant means of achieving performance gain and thus energy savings for such applications. As a fundamental component of most numerical linear algebra algorithms, improving performance and energy efficiency of distributed matrix multiplication is of major concerns. For such purposes, we propose a high performance communication scheme that fully exploits network bandwidth via non-blocking pipeline broadcast with tuned chunk size. Empirically, substantial performance gain up to 8.4% and energy savings up to 6.9% are achieved compared to blocking pipeline broadcast, and against binomial tree broadcast, performance gain up to 6.5% and energy savings up to 6.1% are observed on a 64-core cluster. C1 [Tan, Li; Chen, Longxiang; Chen, Zizhong] Univ Calif Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Zong, Ziliang] Texas State Univ, San Marcos, TX USA. [Ge, Rong] Marquette Univ, Milwaukee, WI 53233 USA. [Li, Dong] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. RP Tan, L (reprint author), Univ Calif Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. EM ltan003@cs.ucr.edu; lchen060@cs.ucr.edu; chen@cs.ucr.edu; zzl1@txstate.edu; rong.ge@marquette.edu; lid1@ornl.gov FU distributed-memory computing cluster with PowerPack.; US National Science Foundation [CNS-1l18043, CNS-l116691, CNS-1304969.] FX The authors would like to thank the HPCL Lab at the Marquette University for providing the distributed-memory computing cluster with PowerPack. This research is partly supported by US National Science Foundation, under the grants #CNS-1l18043, #CNS-l116691, and #CNS-1304969. NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1552-5244 BN 978-1-4799-0898-1 J9 IEEE INT C CL COMP PY 2013 PG 5 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BC0OA UT WOS:000349249800068 ER PT S AU Venkata, MG Shamis, P Sampath, R Graham, RL Ladd, JS AF Venkata, Manjunath Gorentla Shamis, Pavel Sampath, Rahul Graham, Richard L. Ladd, Joshua S. GP IEEE TI Optimizing Blocking and Nonblocking Reduction Operations for Multicore Systems: Hierarchical Design and Implementation SO 2013 IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON CLUSTER COMPUTING (CLUSTER) SE IEEE International Conference on Cluster Computing LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 15th IEEE International Conference on Cluster Computing (CLUSTER) CY SEP 23-27, 2013 CL Indianapolis, IN SP IEEE, Cray Inc, Data Direct Networks, IBM Inc, Matrix Integrat Hewlett Packard, Indiana Univ Pervas Technol Inst, Natl Ctr Genome Anal Support, Case Western Reserve Univ, Univ Chicago Res Comp Ctr, Clemson Univ, Georgia Tech Informat Technol, Univ Miami Ctr Computat Sci, Mississippi State Univ, Univ Notre Dame, San Diego Supercomputer Center DE Collectives; HPC; Allreduce; Reduce AB Many scientific simulations, using the Message Passing Interface (MPI) programming model, are sensitive to the performance and scalability of reduction collective operations such as MPI_Allreduce and MPI_Reduce. These operations are the most widely used abstractions to perform mathematical operations over all processes that are part of the simulation. In this work, we propose a hierarchical design to implement the reduction operations on multicore systems. This design aims to improve the efficiency of reductions by 1) tailoring the algorithms and customizing the implementations for various communication mechanisms in the system 2) providing the ability to configure the depth of hierarchy to match the system architecture, and 3) providing the ability to independently progress each of this hierarchy. Using this design, we implement MPI_Allreduce and MPI_Reduce operations (and its nonblocking variants MPI_Iallreduce and MPI_Ireduce) for all message sizes, and evaluate on multiple architectures including InfiniBand and Cray XT5. We leverage and enhance our existing infrastructure, Cheetah, which is a framework for implementing hierarchical collective operations to implement these reductions. The experimental results show that the Cheetah reduction operations outperform the production-grade MPI implementations such as Open MPI default, Cray MPI, and MVAPICH2, demonstrating its efficiency, flexibility and portability. On InfiniBand systems, with a microbenchmark, a 512-process Cheetah nonblocking Allreduce and Reduce achieves a speedup of 23x and 10x, respectively, compared to the default Open MPI reductions. The blocking variants of the reduction operations also show similar performance benefits. A 512-process nonblocking Cheetah Allreduce achieves a speedup of 3x, compared to the default MVAPICH2 Allreduce implementation. On a Cray XT5 system, a 6144-process Cheetah Allreduce outperforms the Cray MPI by 145%. The evaluation with an application kernel, Conjugate Gradient solver, shows that the Cheetah reductions speeds up total time to solution by 195%, demonstrating the potential benefits for scientific simulations. C1 [Venkata, Manjunath Gorentla; Shamis, Pavel; Sampath, Rahul] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Graham, Richard L.; Ladd, Joshua S.] Mellanox Technol, San Jose, CA USA. RP Venkata, MG (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM manjugv@ornl.gov; shamisp@ornl.gov; sampathrs@ornl.gov; joshual@mellanox.com NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1552-5244 BN 978-1-4799-0898-1 J9 IEEE INT C CL COMP PY 2013 PG 8 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BC0OA UT WOS:000349249800072 ER PT S AU Villa, O Gawande, N Tumeo, A AF Villa, Oreste Gawande, Nitin Tumeo, Antonino GP IEEE TI Accelerating Subsurface Transport Simulation on Heterogeneous Clusters SO 2013 IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON CLUSTER COMPUTING (CLUSTER) SE IEEE International Conference on Cluster Computing LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 15th IEEE International Conference on Cluster Computing (CLUSTER) CY SEP 23-27, 2013 CL Indianapolis, IN SP IEEE, Cray Inc, Data Direct Networks, IBM Inc, Matrix Integrat Hewlett Packard, Indiana Univ Pervas Technol Inst, Natl Ctr Genome Anal Support, Case Western Reserve Univ, Univ Chicago Res Comp Ctr, Clemson Univ, Georgia Tech Informat Technol, Univ Miami Ctr Computat Sci, Mississippi State Univ, Univ Notre Dame, San Diego Supercomputer Center AB Reactive transport numerical models simulate chemical and microbiological reactions that occur along a flow-path. These models have to compute reactions for a large number of locations. They solve the set of ordinary differential equations (ODEs) that describes the reaction for each location through the Newton-Raphson technique. This technique involves computing a Jacobian matrix and a residual vector for each set of equations, and then solving iteratively the linearized system by performing Gaussian Elimination and LU decomposition until convergence. STOMP, a well known subsurface flow simulation tool, employs matrices with sizes in the order of 100x100 elements and, for numerical accuracy, LU factorization with full pivoting instead of the faster partial pivoting. Modern high performance computing systems are heterogeneous machines, whose nodes integrate both CPUs and GPUs, and expose unprecedented amounts of parallelism. To exploit all their computational power, applications must use both the types of processing elements. For the case of subsurface flow simulation, this mainly requires implementing efficient batched LU-based solvers and identifying efficient solutions for enabling load balancing among the different processors of the system. In this paper we discuss two approaches that allow scaling STOMP's performance on heterogeneous clusters. We initially identify the challenges in implementing batched LU-based solvers for small matrices on GPUs, and propose an implementation that fulfills STOMP's requirements. We compare this implementation to other existing solutions. Then, we combine the batched GPU solver with an Open MP-based CPU solver, and present an adaptive load balancer that dynamically distributes the linear systems to solve between the two components inside a node. We show how these approaches, integrated into the full application, provide speed ups from 6 to 7 times on large problems, executed on up to 16 nodes of a cluster with two AMD Opteron 6272 and a Tesla M2090 per node. C1 [Villa, Oreste] NVIDIA, Santa Clara, CA 95051 USA. [Gawande, Nitin; Tumeo, Antonino] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Villa, O (reprint author), NVIDIA, Santa Clara, CA 95051 USA. EM ovilla@nvidia.com; nitin.gawande@pnnl.gov; antonino.tumeo@pnnl.gov RI Tumeo, Antonino/L-3106-2016 NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1552-5244 BN 978-1-4799-0898-1 J9 IEEE INT C CL COMP PY 2013 PG 8 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BC0OA UT WOS:000349249800052 ER PT S AU Wallace, S Vishwanath, V Coghlan, S Tramm, J Lan, ZL Papka, ME AF Wallace, Sean Vishwanath, Venkatram Coghlan, Susan Tramm, John Lan, Zhiling Papka, Michael E. GP IEEE TI Application Power Profiling on IBM Blue Gene/Q SO 2013 IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON CLUSTER COMPUTING (CLUSTER) SE IEEE International Conference on Cluster Computing LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 15th IEEE International Conference on Cluster Computing (CLUSTER) CY SEP 23-27, 2013 CL Indianapolis, IN SP IEEE, Cray Inc, Data Direct Networks, IBM Inc, Matrix Integrat Hewlett Packard, Indiana Univ Pervas Technol Inst, Natl Ctr Genome Anal Support, Case Western Reserve Univ, Univ Chicago Res Comp Ctr, Clemson Univ, Georgia Tech Informat Technol, Univ Miami Ctr Computat Sci, Mississippi State Univ, Univ Notre Dame, San Diego Supercomputer Center DE Profiling; Energy Efficiency; Blue Gene/Q AB The power consumption of state of the art supercomputers, because of their complexity and unpredictable workloads, is extremely difficult to estimate. Accurate and precise results, as are now possible with the latest generation of supercomputers, are therefore a welcome addition to the landscape. Only recently have end users been afforded the ability to access the power consumption of their applications. However, just because it's possible for end users to obtain this data does not mean it's a trivial task. This emergence of new data is therefore not only understudied, but also not fully understood. In this paper, we provide detailed power consumption analysis of microbenchmarks running on Argonne's latest generation of IBM Blue Gene supercomputers, Mira, a Blue Gene/Q system. The analysis is done utilizing our power monitoring library, MonEQ, built on the IBM provided Environmental Monitoring (EMON) API. We describe the importance of sub-second polling of various power domains and the implications they present. To this end, previously well understood applications will now have new facets of potential analysis. C1 [Wallace, Sean; Lan, Zhiling] IIT, Chicago, IL 60616 USA. [Wallace, Sean; Vishwanath, Venkatram; Coghlan, Susan; Tramm, John; Papka, Michael E.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Papka, Michael E.] Northern Illinois Univ, De Kalb, IL USA. RP Wallace, S (reprint author), IIT, Chicago, IL 60616 USA. EM swallac6@iit.edu; venkat@anl.gov; smc@anl.gov; jtramm@mcs.anl.gov; lan@iit.edu; papka@anl.gov NR 28 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1552-5244 BN 978-1-4799-0898-1 J9 IEEE INT C CL COMP PY 2013 PG 8 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BC0OA UT WOS:000349249800078 ER PT S AU Zhao, DF Shou, C Malik, T Raicu, I AF Zhao, Dongfang Shou, Chen Malik, Tanu Raicu, Ioan GP IEEE TI Distributed Data Provenance for Large-Scale Data-Intensive Computing SO 2013 IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON CLUSTER COMPUTING (CLUSTER) SE IEEE International Conference on Cluster Computing LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 15th IEEE International Conference on Cluster Computing (CLUSTER) CY SEP 23-27, 2013 CL Indianapolis, IN SP IEEE, Cray Inc, Data Direct Networks, IBM Inc, Matrix Integrat Hewlett Packard, Indiana Univ Pervas Technol Inst, Natl Ctr Genome Anal Support, Case Western Reserve Univ, Univ Chicago Res Comp Ctr, Clemson Univ, Georgia Tech Informat Technol, Univ Miami Ctr Computat Sci, Mississippi State Univ, Univ Notre Dame, San Diego Supercomputer Center AB It has become increasingly important to capture and understand the origins and derivation of data (its provenance). A key issue in evaluating the feasibility of data provenance is its performance, overheads, and scalability. In this paper, we explore the feasibility of a general metadata storage and management layer for parallel file systems, in which metadata includes both file operations and provenance metadata. We experimentally investigate the design optimality whether provenance metadata should be loosely-coupled or tightly integrated with a file metadata storage systems. We consider two systems that have applied similar distributed concepts to metadata management, but focusing singularly on kind of metadata: (i) FusionFS, which implements a distributed file metadata management based on distributed hash tables, and (ii) SPADE, which uses a graph database to store audited provenance data and provides distributed module for querying provenance. Our results on a 32-node cluster show that FusionFS+SPADE is a promising prototype with negligible provenance overhead and has promise to scale to petascale and beyond. Furthermore, FusionFS with its own storage layer for provenance capture is able to scale up to 1K nodes on BlueGene/P supercomputer. C1 [Zhao, Dongfang; Shou, Chen; Raicu, Ioan] IIT, Dept Comp Sci, Chicago, IL 60616 USA. [Malik, Tanu; Raicu, Ioan] Univ Chicago, Computat Sci, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Malik, Tanu] Argonne Natl Lab, Math & Comp Sci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Zhao, DF (reprint author), IIT, Dept Comp Sci, Chicago, IL 60616 USA. FU National Science Foundation [OCI-1054974]; Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX This work was supported by the National Science Foundation under grant OCI-1054974, and used resources of the Argonne Leadership Computing Facility at Argonne National Laboratory, which is supported by the Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy under contract DE-AC02-06CH11357. The authors are grateful to Xian-He Sun for providing the access to the Linux cluster. NR 38 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1552-5244 BN 978-1-4799-0898-1 J9 IEEE INT C CL COMP PY 2013 PG 8 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BC0OA UT WOS:000349249800081 ER PT S AU Chang, H Zhou, Y Spellman, P Parvin, B AF Chang, Hang Zhou, Yin Spellman, Paul Parvin, Bahram GP IEEE TI Stacked Predictive Sparse Coding for Classification of Distinct Regions in Tumor Histopathology SO 2013 IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON COMPUTER VISION (ICCV) SE IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV) CY DEC 01-08, 2013 CL Sydney, AUSTRALIA SP IEEE, CVF, IEEE Comp Soc, APRS, Australiasn Natl Univ, NICTA, FACE++, Natl Robot Engn Ctr, Google, Disney Res, nVIDIA, Raytheon BBN Technologies, Facebook, Adobe, Kitware, OMRON, SRI Int ID MULTIFORME AB Image-based classification of histology sections, in terms of distinct components (e.g., tumor, stroma, normal), provides a series of indices for tumor composition. Furthermore, aggregation of these indices, from each whole slide image (WSI) in a large cohort, can provide predictive models of the clinical outcome. However, performance of the existing techniques is hindered as a result of large technical variations and biological heterogeneities that are always present in a large cohort. We propose a system that automatically learns a series of basis functions for representing the underlying spatial distribution using stacked predictive sparse decomposition (PSD). The learned representation is then fed into the spatial pyramid matching framework (SPM) with a linear SVM classifier. The system has been evaluated for classification of (a) distinct histological components for two cohorts of tumor types, and (b) colony organization of normal and malignant cell lines in 3D cell culture models. Throughput has been increased through the utility of graphical processing unit (GPU), and evaluation indicates a superior performance results, compared with previous research. C1 [Chang, Hang; Zhou, Yin; Parvin, Bahram] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Life Sci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Spellman, Paul] Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, Ctr Spatial Syst Biomed, Portland, OR USA. RP Chang, H (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Life Sci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM hchang@lbl.gov; yinzhou@lbl.gov; spellmap@ohsu.edu; b_parvin@lbl.gov NR 39 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1550-5499 BN 978-1-4799-2839-2 J9 IEEE I CONF COMP VIS PY 2013 BP 169 EP 176 DI 10.1109/ICCV.2013.28 PG 8 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence SC Computer Science GA BC3PE UT WOS:000351830500022 ER PT S AU Tokola, R Choi, W Savarese, S AF Tokola, Ryan Choi, Wongun Savarese, Silvio GP IEEE TI Breaking the chain: liberation from the temporal Markov assumption for tracking human poses SO 2013 IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON COMPUTER VISION (ICCV) SE IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV) CY DEC 01-08, 2013 CL Sydney, AUSTRALIA SP IEEE, CVF, IEEE Comp Soc, APRS, Australiasn Natl Univ, NICTA, FACE++, Natl Robot Engn Ctr, Google, Disney Res, nVIDIA, Raytheon BBN Technologies, Facebook, Adobe, Kitware, OMRON, SRI Int ID PICTORIAL STRUCTURES; PEOPLE AB We present an approach to multi-target tracking that has expressive potential beyond the capabilities of chain-shaped hidden Markov models, yet has significantly reduced complexity. Our framework, which we call tracking-byselection, is similar to tracking-by-detection in that it separates the tasks of detection and tracking, but it shifts temporal reasoning from the tracking stage to the detection stage. The core feature of tracking-by-selection is that it reasons about path hypotheses that traverse the entire video instead of a chain of single-frame object hypotheses. A traditional chain-shaped tracking-by-detection model is only able to promote consistency between one frame and the next. In tracking-by-selection, path hypotheses exist across time, and encouraging long-term temporal consistency is as simple as rewarding path hypotheses with consistent image features. One additional advantage of tracking-by-selection is that it results in a dramatically simplified model that can be solved exactly. We adapt an existing tracking-by-detection model to the tracking-by-selection framework, and show improved performance on a challenging dataset (introduced in [18]). C1 [Tokola, Ryan] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Choi, Wongun] NEC Res Labs, Cupertino, CA USA. [Savarese, Silvio] Stanford Univ, Dept Comp Sci, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. RP Tokola, R (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM tokolara@ornl.gov; wongun@nec-labs.com; ssilvio@stanford.edu NR 26 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1550-5499 BN 978-1-4799-2839-2 J9 IEEE I CONF COMP VIS PY 2013 BP 2424 EP 2431 DI 10.1109/ICCV.2013.301 PG 8 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence SC Computer Science GA BC3PE UT WOS:000351830500303 ER PT S AU Barron, JT Arbelaez, P Keranen, SVE Biggin, MD Knowles, DW Malik, J AF Barron, Jonathan T. Arbelaez, Pablo Keraenen, Soile V. E. Biggin, Mark D. Knowles, David W. Malik, Jitendra GP IEEE TI Volumetric Semantic Segmentation using Pyramid Context Features SO 2013 IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON COMPUTER VISION (ICCV) SE IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV) CY DEC 01-08, 2013 CL Sydney, AUSTRALIA SP IEEE, CVF, IEEE Comp Soc, APRS, Australiasn Natl Univ, NICTA, FACE++, Natl Robot Engn Ctr, Google, Disney Res, nVIDIA, Raytheon BBN Technologies, Facebook, Adobe, Kitware, OMRON, SRI Int AB We present an algorithm for the per-voxel semantic segmentation of a three-dimensional volume. At the core of our algorithm is a novel "pyramid context" feature, a descriptive representation designed such that exact per-voxel linear classification can be made extremely efficient. This feature not only allows for efficient semantic segmentation but enables other aspects of our algorithm, such as novel learned features and a stacked architecture that can reason about self-consistency. We demonstrate our technique on 3D fluorescence microscopy data of Drosophila embryos for which we are able to produce extremely accurate semantic segmentations in a matter of minutes, and for which other algorithms fail due to the size and high-dimensionality of the data, or due to the difficulty of the task. C1 [Barron, Jonathan T.; Arbelaez, Pablo; Malik, Jitendra] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Keraenen, Soile V. E.; Biggin, Mark D.; Knowles, David W.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA USA. RP Barron, JT (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM barron@eecs.berkeley.edu; arbelaez@eecs.berkeley.edu; svekeranen@lbl.gov; mdbiggin@lbl.gov; dwknowles@lbl.gov; malik@eecs.berkeley.edu OI Arbelaez, Pablo/0000-0001-5244-2407 NR 26 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1550-5499 BN 978-1-4799-2839-2 J9 IEEE I CONF COMP VIS PY 2013 BP 3448 EP 3455 DI 10.1109/ICCV.2013.428 PG 8 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence SC Computer Science GA BC3PE UT WOS:000351830500431 ER PT S AU Diao, RS Huang, ZY Jin, CL Vyakaranam, B Jin, SS Makarov, YV AF Diao, Ruisheng Huang, Zhenyu Jin, Chunlian Vyakaranam, Bharat Jin, Shuangshuang Makarov, Yuri V. GP IEEE TI Towards More Transmission Asset Utilization through Real-time Path Rating SO 2013 IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SMART GRID COMMUNICATIONS (SMARTGRIDCOMM) SE International Conference on Smart Grid Communications LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE International Conference on Smart Grid Communications (SmartGridComm) CY OCT 21-24, 2013 CL Vancouver, CANADA SP IEEE, IEEE Commun Soc DE high performance computing; real-time path rating; smart grid; total transfer capability; transient stability; voltage stability AB Ratings of transmission paths, typically determined in an offline environment, are static and conservative, leading to underutilization of transmission assets, higher costs of system operation and renewable energy integration, and lower efficiency. With the ever-increasing transmission congestion costs and new challenges from renewable integration, increasing the transfer capability of existing transmission lines is essential. Real-time path rating provides a promising approach to enabling additional power transfer capability and fully utilizing transmission assets. In this paper, the feasibility of real-time path rating is investigated, by introducing several promising computational technologies to achieve such a capability. Various benefits expected from real-time path rating, such as increased transfer capability and reduced total generation cost, are demonstrated through simulations conducted on the Western Electricity Coordinating Council (WECC) system model. C1 [Diao, Ruisheng; Huang, Zhenyu; Jin, Chunlian; Vyakaranam, Bharat; Jin, Shuangshuang; Makarov, Yuri V.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Elect Infrastruct & Bldg Div, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Diao, RS (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Elect Infrastruct & Bldg Div, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM ruisheng.diao@pnnl.gov; zhenyu.huang@pnnl.gov; chunlian.jin@pnnl.gov; bharatGNVSR.vyakaranam@pnnl.gov; shuangshuang.jin@pnnl.gov; yuri.makarov@pnnl.gov NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2373-6836 BN 978-1-4799-1526-2 J9 INT CONF SMART GRID PY 2013 BP 779 EP 784 PG 6 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Computer Science; Engineering; Telecommunications GA BJT39 UT WOS:000330174800131 ER PT J AU Muller, J Boscke, TS Muller, S Yurchuk, E Polakowski, P Paul, J Martin, D Schenk, T Khullar, K Kersch, A Weinreich, W Riedel, S Seidel, K Kumar, A Arruda, TM Kalinin, SV Schlosser, T Boschke, R van Bentum, R Schroder, U Mikolajick, T AF Mueller, J. Boescke, T. S. Mueller, S. Yurchuk, E. Polakowski, P. Paul, J. Martin, D. Schenk, T. Khullar, K. Kersch, A. Weinreich, W. Riedel, S. Seidel, K. Kumar, A. Arruda, T. M. Kalinin, S. V. Schloesser, T. Boschke, R. van Bentum, R. Schroeder, U. Mikolajick, T. GP IEEE TI Ferroelectric Hafnium Oxide: A CMOS-compatible and highly scalable approach to future ferroelectric memories SO 2013 IEEE INTERNATIONAL ELECTRON DEVICES MEETING (IEDM) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE International Electron Devices Meeting (IEDM) CY DEC 09-11, 2013 CL Washington, DC SP IEEE ID HFO2 AB With the ability to engineer ferroelectricity in HfO2 thin films, manufacturable and highly scaled MFM capacitors and MFIS-FETs can be implemented into a CMOS-environment. NVM properties of the resulting devices are discussed and contrasted to existing perovskite based FRAM. C1 [Mueller, J.; Polakowski, P.; Paul, J.; Weinreich, W.; Riedel, S.; Seidel, K.] Fraunhofer IPMS CNT, Dresden, Germany. [Mueller, S.; Yurchuk, E.; Martin, D.; Schenk, T.; Khullar, K.; Schroeder, U.; Mikolajick, T.] Namlab gGmbH, Dresden, Germany. [Mikolajick, T.] Tech Univ Dresden, IHM, Dresden, Germany. [Schloesser, T.; Boschke, R.; van Bentum, R.] Global Found, Dresden, Germany. [Kersch, A.] FH Munchen, Munich, Germany. [Boescke, T. S.] Bosch Solar Energy, Erfurt, Germany. [Kumar, A.; Arruda, T. M.; Kalinin, S. V.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. RP Muller, J (reprint author), Fraunhofer IPMS CNT, Dresden, Germany. EM johannes.mueller@ieee.org RI Kalinin, Sergei/I-9096-2012; Kersch, Alfred/F-6040-2017 OI Kalinin, Sergei/0000-0001-5354-6152; FU Free State of Saxony (projects: MERLIN, Heiko and Cool Memory) FX This work was funded by the Free State of Saxony (projects: MERLIN, Heiko and Cool Memory) NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 9 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4799-2306-9 PY 2013 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA BB8FU UT WOS:000346509500068 ER PT S AU Singh, N AF Singh, Nagendra GP IEEE TI SPATIO-TEMPORAL ANALYSIS OF CROPLAND CHANGES IN US IN THE LAST DECADE SO 2013 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM (IGARSS) SE IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing IGARSS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS) CY JUL 21-26, 2013 CL Melbourne, AUSTRALIA SP IEEE, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Geoscience & Remote Sensing Soc DE MODIS; Cropland; Grassland; Land use; Land Cover ID LAND-USE CHANGE; UNITED-STATES AB Land use land cover changes (LULCC) are expected to occur due to population growth, climate change and bioenergy demand. It is imperative that we develop better data analysis and techniques to estimate these changes to better predict the consequences and impacts of such changes on the environment. In this study we analyze time series MODIS land cover data to estimate patterns of spatio-temporal cropland and grassland change by analyzing nine years of consistent land cover data. Our results show that the rate of displacement of cropland and grassland by each other declined for the fist half of the last decade while it increased in the second half of the decade. Most of these changes were concentrated in the Great Plain regions and included states in the Corn Belt. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Geog Informat Sci & Technol Grp, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Singh, N (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Geog Informat Sci & Technol Grp, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 10 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2153-6996 BN 978-1-4799-1114-1 J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE PY 2013 BP 2817 EP 2820 DI 10.1109/IGARSS.2013.6723410 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing SC Engineering; Geology; Remote Sensing GA BB7JO UT WOS:000345638902226 ER PT S AU Sridharan, H Cheriyadat, A AF Sridharan, Harini Cheriyadat, Anil GP IEEE TI MULTI-LEVEL FEATURE ANALYSIS FOR SEMANTIC CATEGORY RECOGNITION SO 2013 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM (IGARSS) SE IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing IGARSS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS) CY JUL 21-26, 2013 CL Melbourne, AUSTRALIA SP IEEE, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Geoscience & Remote Sensing Soc DE mutli level analysis; semantic classification; mobile home parks ID CLASSIFICATION; IMAGES AB At half-meter resolution the earth's surface has roughly 600 Trillion pixels. The need to process satellite imagery at such enormous scales for automated semantic categorization and the requirement to repeat this process at time-stipulated intervals demand optimal strategies to scan, extract, and, represent image features for accurate land-cover detection. In this paper we focus on developing optimal strategies for semantic categorization of image data which often involves computationally intensive feature extraction and mapping processes. Our proposed semantic categorization framework involves feature extraction and mapping at multiple levels. Initially, we examine low-level pixel features such as edge gradients, orientations, and intensity values to compute feature vector based on aggregate statistics. At the second level we generate line based representation by connecting edge gradients to extract higher-order spatial features on image scenes that are screened by the first level. By employing a multi-level feature analysis strategy we develop a semantic categorization framework that is computationally efficient and accurate. We tested our approach for the automated detection of mobile home park scenes, a challenging land-cover class, using one-meter aerial image data. We report the detection performance of our system. We envision that such changes to traditional feature analysis are necessary for the massive image analysis challenges. C1 [Sridharan, Harini; Cheriyadat, Anil] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37832 USA. RP Sridharan, H (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37832 USA. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2153-6996 BN 978-1-4799-1114-1 J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE PY 2013 BP 4371 EP 4374 DI 10.1109/IGARSS.2013.6723803 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing SC Engineering; Geology; Remote Sensing GA BB7JO UT WOS:000345638904105 ER PT J AU Gelfand, AE Shin, J Chertkov, M AF Gelfand, Andrew E. Shin, Jinwoo Chertkov, Michael GP IEEE TI Belief Propagation for Linear Programming SO 2013 IEEE INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON INFORMATION THEORY PROCEEDINGS (ISIT) SE IEEE International Symposium on Information Theory LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE International Symposium on Information Theory (ISIT) CY JUL 07-12, 2013 CL Istanbul, TURKEY SP IEEE, IEEE Informat Theory Soc ID CORRECTNESS; CONVERGENCE; ALGORITHMS; PRODUCT; GRAPHS; CODES AB Belief Propagation (BP) is a popular, distributed heuristic for performing MAP computations in Graphical Models. BP can be interpreted, from a variational perspective, as minimizing the Bethe Free Energy (BFE). BP can also be used to solve a special class of Linear Programming (LP) problems. For this class of problems, MAP inference can be stated as an integer LP with an LP relaxation that coincides with minimization of the BFE at "zero temperature". We generalize these prior results and establish a tight characterization of the LP problems that can be formulated as an equivalent LP relaxation of MAP inference. Moreover, we suggest an efficient, iterative annealing BP algorithm for solving this broader class of LP problems. We demonstrate the algorithm's performance on a set of weighted matching problems by using it as a cutting plane method to solve a sequence of LPs tightened by adding "blossom" inequalities. C1 [Gelfand, Andrew E.] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Comp Sci, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. [Shin, Jinwoo] IBM Corp, Thomas J Watson Res Ctr, Dept Math Sci, Yorktown Hts, NY 10598 USA. [Chertkov, Michael] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Gelfand, AE (reprint author), Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Comp Sci, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. EM agelfand@ics.uci.edu; jshin@us.ibm.com; chertkov@lanl.gov RI Chertkov, Michael/O-8828-2015 NR 23 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4799-0446-4 J9 IEEE INT SYMP INFO PY 2013 BP 2249 EP + PG 2 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Telecommunications SC Computer Science; Telecommunications GA BC0CQ UT WOS:000348913402076 ER PT J AU Quinn, CJ Pinar, A Kiyavash, N AF Quinn, Christopher J. Pinar, Ali Kiyavash, Negar GP IEEE TI Optimal Bounded-Degree Approximations of Joint Distributions of Networks of Stochastic Processes SO 2013 IEEE INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON INFORMATION THEORY PROCEEDINGS (ISIT) SE IEEE International Symposium on Information Theory LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE International Symposium on Information Theory (ISIT) CY JUL 07-12, 2013 CL Istanbul, TURKEY SP IEEE, IEEE Informat Theory Soc ID SET AB We propose two algorithms to identify approximations for joint distributions of networks of stochastic processes. The approximations correspond to low-complexity network structures - connected, directed graphs with bounded indegree. The first algorithm identifies an optimal approximation in terms of KL divergence. The second efficiently finds a near-optimal approximation. Sufficient conditions are introduced to guarantee near-optimality. C1 [Quinn, Christopher J.] Univ Illinois, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, 1406 W Green St, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Pinar, Ali] Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Kiyavash, Negar] Univ Illinois, Dept Ind & Enterprise Syst Eng, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP Quinn, CJ (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, 1406 W Green St, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM quinn7@illinois.edu; apinar@sandia.gov; kiyavash@illinois.edu NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4799-0446-4 J9 IEEE INT SYMP INFO PY 2013 BP 2264 EP + PG 2 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Telecommunications SC Computer Science; Telecommunications GA BC0CQ UT WOS:000348913402079 ER PT J AU Henry, MJ Hampton, S Endert, A Roberts, I Payne, D AF Henry, Michael J. Hampton, Shawn Endert, Alex Roberts, Ian Payne, Deborah GP IEEE TI MultiFacet: A Faceted Interface for Browsing Large Multimedia Collections SO 2013 IEEE INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON MULTIMEDIA (ISM) SE IEEE International Symposium on Multimedia-ISM LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 15th IEEE International Symposium on Multimedia (ISM) CY DEC 09-11, 2013 CL Anaheim, CA SP IEEE, IEEE Comp Soc DE Visual Analytics; content-based image retrieval; image classification; faceted search; visualization; multimedia AB Faceted browsing is a common technique for exploring collections where the data can be grouped into a number of pre-defined categories, most often generated from textual metadata. Historically, faceted browsing has been applied to a single data type such as text or image data. However, typical collections contain multiple data types, such as information from web pages that contain text, images, and video. Additionally, when browsing a collection of images and video, facets are often created based on the metadata which may be incomplete, inaccurate, or missing altogether instead of the actual visual content contained within those images and video. In this work we address these limitations by presenting MultiFacet, a faceted browsing interface that supports multiple data types. MultiFacet constructs facets for images and video in a collection from the visual content using computer vision techniques. These visual facets can then be browsed in conjunction with text facets within a single interface to reveal relationships and phenomena within multimedia collections. Additionally, we present a use case based on real-world data, demonstrating the utility of this approach towards browsing a large multimedia data collection. C1 [Henry, Michael J.; Hampton, Shawn; Endert, Alex; Roberts, Ian; Payne, Deborah] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Henry, MJ (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM michael.j.henry@pnnl.gov NR 24 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-0-7695-5140-1 J9 IEEE INT SYM MULTIM PY 2013 BP 347 EP 350 DI 10.1109/ISM.2013.66 PG 4 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Telecommunications SC Computer Science; Telecommunications GA BC2PU UT WOS:000351204700056 ER PT S AU Galletti, M Gekat, F Goelz, P Zrnic, DS AF Galletti, Michele Gekat, Frank Goelz, Peter Zrnic, Dusan S. GP IEEE TI Eigenvalue Signal Processing for Phased-Array Weather Radar Polarimetry: Removing the Bias Induced by Antenna Coherent Cross-Channel Coupling SO 2013 IEEE INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON PHASED ARRAY SYSTEMS AND TECHNOLOGY SE IEEE International Symposium on Phased Array Systems & Technology LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 5th IEEE International Symposium on Phased Array Systems and Technology CY OCT 15-18, 2013 CL Waltham, MA SP IEEE DE Coherency matrix; Covariance matrix; polarimetric phased array weather radar; eigenvalues AB We present a novel digital signal processing procedure, named Eigenvalue Signal Processing (henceforth ESP), patented by the first author with Brookhaven Science Associates in 2013. The method enables the removal of antenna coherent cross-channel coupling in weather radar measurements at LDR mode and ATSR mode. In this work we focus on the LDR mode and consider reflectivity at horizontal transmit (Z(H)), linear depolarization ratio at horizontal transmit (LDRH) and degree of polarization at horizontal transmit (DOPH). The eigenvalue signal processing method is substantiated by an experiment carried out in November 2012 with a parabolic reflector C-band weather radar located at the Selex Systems Integration (SI) facilities in Neuss, Germany. The experiment consists of the comparison of weather radar measurements taken 1.5 minutes apart in two hardware configurations, namely with cross-coupling on (cc_on) and cross-coupling off (cc_off). It is experimentally demonstrated that eigenvalue-derived variables are invariant with respect to antenna cross-channel coupling. This property had to be expected, since the eigenvalues of the Coherency matrix are SU(2) invariant. C1 [Galletti, Michele] US DOE, Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Gekat, Frank; Goelz, Peter] Selex Syst Integrat GmbH, Gematron Weather Radar Syst, D-41470 Neuss, Germany. [Zrnic, Dusan S.] NOAA, Natl Severe Storms Lab, Norman, OK 73072 USA. RP Galletti, M (reprint author), US DOE, Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM mgalletti@bnl.gov NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1554-8422 BN 978-1-4673-1127-4 J9 IEEE INT SYMP PHASE PY 2013 BP 502 EP 509 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BC1WA UT WOS:000350442700086 ER PT J AU Kestor, G Gioiosa, R Kerbyson, DJ Hoisie, A AF Kestor, Gokcen Gioiosa, Roberto Kerbyson, Darren J. Hoisie, Adolfy GP IEEE TI Quantifying the Energy Cost of Data Movement in Scientific Applications SO 2013 IEEE INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON WORKLOAD CHARACTERIZATION (IISWC 2013) SE International Symposium on Workload Characterization Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE International Symposium on Workload Characterization (IISWC) CY SEP 22-24, 2013 CL Portland, OR SP IEEE, IEEE Comp Soc Tech Comm Comp Architecture, IEEE Comp Soc, Intel, Microsoft, Vmware, Facebook AB In the exascale era, the energy cost of moving data across the memory hierarchy is expected to be two orders of magnitude higher than the cost of performing a double-precision floating point operation. Despite its importance, the energy cost of data movement in scientific applications has not be quantitatively evaluated even for current systems. In this work we present a methodology to estimate the energy cost of moving data across the memory hierarchy for scientific applications on state-of-the-art compute node systems. To this extent, we implement a set of highly-tuned micro-benchmarks that move data from a determined level of the memory hierarchy to the processor's registers. We then correlate the data movement latencies with external and internal power measurements to determine the energy cost of moving data. We use this information to characterize current and future scientific applications from the DoE Exascale Co-Design Centers and Office of Science and estimate the percentage of application's energy that goes into data movement. Our results on current systems show that 28-40% of the total energy cost is spent in moving data, 19-36% of the energy is wasted in stalled cycles and that data prefetcher may waste energy by moving unnecessary data to the processor's caches. C1 [Kestor, Gokcen; Gioiosa, Roberto; Kerbyson, Darren J.; Hoisie, Adolfy] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Kestor, G (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM gokcen.kestor@pnnl.gov; roberto.gioiosa@pnnl.gov; darren.kerbyson@pnnl.gov; adolfy.hoisie@pnnl.gov NR 20 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 3 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4799-0553-9 J9 I S WORKL CHAR PROC PY 2013 BP 56 EP 65 PG 10 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BC0UP UT WOS:000349629200006 ER PT J AU Pakin, S McCormick, P AF Pakin, Scott McCormick, Patrick GP IEEE TI Hardware-Independent Application Characterization SO 2013 IEEE INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON WORKLOAD CHARACTERIZATION (IISWC 2013) SE International Symposium on Workload Characterization Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE International Symposium on Workload Characterization (IISWC) CY SEP 22-24, 2013 CL Portland, OR SP IEEE, IEEE Comp Soc Tech Comm Comp Architecture, IEEE Comp Soc, Intel, Microsoft, Vmware, Facebook ID PERFORMANCE C1 [Pakin, Scott; McCormick, Patrick] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Appl Comp Sci Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Pakin, S (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Appl Comp Sci Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM pakin@lanl.gov; pat@lanl.gov OI Pakin, Scott/0000-0002-5220-1985 NR 7 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4799-0553-9 J9 I S WORKL CHAR PROC PY 2013 BP 111 EP 112 PG 2 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BC0UP UT WOS:000349629200012 ER PT J AU Van Leeuwen, B Urias, V Glatter, C Interrante-Grant, A AF Van Leeuwen, Brian Urias, Vincent Glatter, Casey Interrante-Grant, Alex GP IEEE TI Testbed for Cellular Telecommunications Cyber Vulnerability Analysis SO 2013 IEEE MILITARY COMMUNICATIONS CONFERENCE (MILCOM 2013) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Military Communications Conference CY NOV 18-20, 2013 CL BAE Syst, San Diego, CA SP IEEE, IEEE Comp Soc, AFCEA, IEEE Commun Soc, MITRE HO BAE Syst AB Cellular networks play an increasing role supporting critical government, including military and private information systems. Enhanced capability and ubiquity of mobile devices (i.e., smartphones) is resulting in increasing cyber exploit developments targeting the smartphone and growing concern of exploits targeting the cellular infrastructure. Telecommunication advances such as Long Term Evolution (LTE) and Internet Protocol (IP) Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) continue to move cellular communications to an all IP core. An all IP core is part of the move to Next Generation Network (NGN). However, the transition to NGN is expected to occur over time, and during the lengthy transition period multiple generations of telecommunication must coexist and interoperate. Legacy telecommunication equipment such as 3G cellular communications and the public switched telephone network (PSTN) must interoperate with modern telecommunication equipment such as 4G/LTE and IMS. Cellular telecommunications provide IP connectivity to external networks including the Internet. Thus, both legacy and NGN cellular telecommunications are vulnerable to the same classes of threats as other networked computer systems connected to the Internet, in addition to threats associated with their legacy systems. Cyber security analysis of these systems remains a significant challenge. Traditional techniques such as red-teaming, vulnerability assessments, and penetration testing are often unsatisfactory and limited in scope because of the lack of access to telecommunication infrastructure equipment. The consequence is that the effects of a cyber-attack on cellular telecommunications are often unknown. In order to provide greater cellular telecommunications security posture and insight to system providers, equipment manufacturers, and researchers, security analysis of these systems must occur. Performing experiments on telecommunication systems or on a telecommunication testbed is a key part of security analysis. To overcome the problems with security analysis using expensive telecommunication hardware, Sandia National Laboratories has developed a cellular telecommunication cyber-security analysis testbed using physical hardware, extensive virtualization and emulated machines, and simulation to answer complex system questions about cellular systems and their interaction with legacy and NGN fixed systems. In this paper we will discuss the testbed development and components, several use-cases that were executed during the course of the study which leverage the testbed, the types of cyber-attacks that can be assessed, and the class of questions security analysts can now ask and answer about cyber-attacks against cellular systems. In the use-cases we used the testbed to assess the system-level impacts when published component-level vulnerabilities are exploited by a red team. C1 [Van Leeuwen, Brian; Urias, Vincent; Glatter, Casey; Interrante-Grant, Alex] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Van Leeuwen, B (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM bpvanle@sandia.gov; veuria@sandia.gov; cglatte@sandia.gov; aminter@sandia.gov NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-0-7695-5124-1 PY 2013 BP 1391 EP 1397 DI 10.1109/MILCOM.2013.236 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BB8PB UT WOS:000347184000231 ER PT S AU He, YX Wang, SH Divan, R Rosenmann, D Wang, PS AF He, Yuxi Wang, Shenghan Divan, Ralu Rosenmann, Daniel Wang, Pingshan GP IEEE TI Coplanar Waveguides with Sub-10 nm Gold Films SO 2013 IEEE MTT-S INTERNATIONAL MICROWAVE SYMPOSIUM DIGEST (IMS) SE IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium Digest (IMS) CY JUN 02-07, 2013 CL Seattle, WA SP IEE MTT S DE Coplanar waveguide; transmission lines; thin film; percolation theory ID NANOFLUIDIC CHANNELS; SURFACE AB Coplanar waveguides (CPWs) with sub-10 nm gold films are fabricated and characterized up to 40 GHz. Such film thickness is much thinner than the electron mean free path (MFP) of bulk gold. Pressure-induced surface deformation technique is developed to form 7 nm continuous films, which are thinner than the nominal percolation threshold of gold (i.e. 8 nm). The measured results show that such CPWs have less dispersion, but high loss when compared with thick metal CPWs. In addition to possible RF nanofluidic channel development, such CPWs provide a new approach for disordered electronic system studies. Further work is needed to understand and model sub-10 nm CPWs. C1 [He, Yuxi; Wang, Shenghan; Wang, Pingshan] Clemson Univ, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. [Divan, Ralu; Rosenmann, Daniel] Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Nanoscale Mat, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP He, YX (reprint author), Clemson Univ, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0149-645X BN 978-1-4673-2141-9; 978-1-4673-6177-4 J9 IEEE MTT S INT MICR PY 2013 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BE2OX UT WOS:000369754300219 ER PT S AU Monti, T Di Donato, A Mencarelli, D Venanzoni, G Morini, A Vlassiouk, IV Tselev, A Farina, M AF Monti, Tamara Di Donato, Andrea Mencarelli, Davide Venanzoni, Giuseppe Morini, Antonio Vlassiouk, Ivan V. Tselev, Alexander Farina, Marco GP IEEE TI Graphene Etching by a Near-Field Scanning Microwave Microscope SO 2013 IEEE MTT-S INTERNATIONAL MICROWAVE SYMPOSIUM DIGEST (IMS) SE IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium Digest (IMS) CY JUN 02-07, 2013 CL Seattle, WA SP IEE MTT S DE Etching; Microwave Imaging; Nanolithography; Nanoscale Devices; Nanostructured Materials; Scanning Probe Microscopy ID STABILITY AB Significant efforts are being invested in investigation of graphene, as well as its nanopatterning and shaping, owing to its promising properties. Here we present a study of hexagonal graphene flakes, deposited on a copper foil by chemical vapor deposition. In particular we have exploited a Near-Field Scanning Microwave Microscope, and investigated the impact of the microwave power on the sample. From preliminary data, we found the possibility of inducing a localized destruction of the graphene by means of the near-field microwave probe. We exploited this effect to create a recognizable pattern on a flake. A discussion of the roles of concurrent physical phenomena is also presented. C1 [Monti, Tamara; Di Donato, Andrea; Mencarelli, Davide; Venanzoni, Giuseppe; Morini, Antonio; Farina, Marco] Univ Politecn Marche, Informat Engn Dept DII, Via Brecce Blanche, I-60131 Ancona, Italy. [Vlassiouk, Ivan V.; Tselev, Alexander] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Monti, T (reprint author), Univ Politecn Marche, Informat Engn Dept DII, Via Brecce Blanche, I-60131 Ancona, Italy. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0149-645X BN 978-1-4673-2141-9; 978-1-4673-6177-4 J9 IEEE MTT S INT MICR PY 2013 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BE2OX UT WOS:000369754300311 ER PT S AU Nordquist, CD Olsson, RH Scott, SM Branch, DW Pluym, T Yarberry, V AF Nordquist, Christopher D. Olsson, Roy H., III Scott, Sean. M. Branch, Darren. W. Pluym, Tammy Yarberry, Victor GP IEEE TI On/Off Micro-electromechanical Switching of AlN Piezoelectric Resonators SO 2013 IEEE MTT-S INTERNATIONAL MICROWAVE SYMPOSIUM DIGEST (IMS) SE IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium Digest (IMS) CY JUN 02-07, 2013 CL Seattle, WA SP IEE MTT S DE Piezoelectric transducers; resonator filters; radiofrequency microelectromechanical systems; acoustic devices AB We report the first switchable piezoelectric resonator as a building block for a new class of adaptive and reconfigurable filters. The resonator integrates AlN contour-mode resonator and RF MEMS capacitive switch technologies to change the coupling between the RF signal electrodes and the AlN piezoelectric film. Modeling reveals that a 1.5 mu m gap minimizes coupling, while a 10 nm gap couples nearly as efficiently as an electrode in intimate contact, suggesting that high contrast can be achieved using this approach. Measurements of a 400 mu m x 150 mu m two-port resonator demonstrate a switching ratio of 13 dB, a Q of 170, and a center frequency of 240 MHz. Research is continuing with goals of improving the device Q and switching ratio, extending the device operation to other frequencies, and extending the approach to adaptive and reconfigurable filters. C1 [Nordquist, Christopher D.; Olsson, Roy H., III; Branch, Darren. W.; Pluym, Tammy; Yarberry, Victor] Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Scott, Sean. M.] Sandia, Albuquerque, NM USA. RP Nordquist, CD (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0149-645X BN 978-1-4673-2141-9; 978-1-4673-6177-4 J9 IEEE MTT S INT MICR PY 2013 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BE2OX UT WOS:000369754300389 ER PT S AU Scott, S Nordquist, CD Custer, J Leonhardt, D Jordan, TS Rodenbeck, CT AF Scott, Sean Nordquist, Christopher D. Custer, Joyce Leonhardt, Darin Jordan, Tyler S. Rodenbeck, Christopher T. GP IEEE TI Band-Selective Interferer Rejection for Cognitive Receiver Protection SO 2013 IEEE MTT-S INTERNATIONAL MICROWAVE SYMPOSIUM DIGEST (IMS) SE IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium Digest (IMS) CY JUN 02-07, 2013 CL Seattle, WA SP IEE MTT S DE Electronic warfare; Reconfigurable architectures; Microwave filters; Receivers ID VANADIUM-DIOXIDE; TRANSITION AB The concept for a new, frequency-selective limiting filter is presented. This is accomplished by placing a phase change vanadium dioxide (VO2) film at the proper node of the filter. When the high-powered microwave signal reaches a certain threshold, the VO2 undergoes a phase transition from the monoclinic "insulator state" to the tetragonal "metallic state". This crystallographic change is accompanied by a 3 order of magnitude drop in the film's resistivity, and creates a short circuit at a section of the filter, changing a pole to a zero, and rejecting further undesirable high-powered signals from damaging sensitive receiver components. This paper details the design and simulation of the filter, along with measurement results from VO2 films and the filter element. This filter element begins rejecting at about 2 W input power, with isolation of over 16 dB to over 23 W input power, and is unaffected by an out-of band interferer of over 25 W. The architecture presented allows for filter banks capable of automatically-rejecting interferers, yet allowing signals of interest to pass. C1 [Scott, Sean] Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Nordquist, Christopher D.; Leonhardt, Darin; Jordan, Tyler S.; Rodenbeck, Christopher T.] Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Custer, Joyce] Sandia Staffing Alliance, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Scott, S (reprint author), Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0149-645X BN 978-1-4673-2141-9; 978-1-4673-6177-4 J9 IEEE MTT S INT MICR PY 2013 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BE2OX UT WOS:000369754300307 ER PT S AU Shin, KR Kang, YW Champion, MS Fathy, AE AF Shin, Ki R. Kang, Yoon W. Champion, Mark S. Fathy, Aly E. GP IEEE TI Radio Frequency Quadrupole Cavity Structure for Particle Accelerators-Simulation and Measurements SO 2013 IEEE MTT-S INTERNATIONAL MICROWAVE SYMPOSIUM DIGEST (IMS) SE IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium Digest (IMS) CY JUN 02-07, 2013 CL Seattle, WA SP IEE MTT S DE RFQ; double dipole RFQ; cut-back vanes; linear accelerator; ridge guides AB EM simulation of long RFQ with quadruple ridge (vane) waveguide structure with narrow vane gaps and vane end cutbacks is a complex and challenging task. Advances in 3-D EM simulation tools in recent years can lead to accurate analysis of such structures. Here, we present the simulation of long RFQs (over 2 lambda), validate our results with measurements, compare simulated results of eigenmode frequencies and field distribution to measured values, and finally extend our analysis to an alternative and very promising design noted as double dipole structure. Excellent agreement between measurement and simulation has been attained and design comparison between the long double dipole and the traditional RFQs has been developed. C1 [Shin, Ki R.; Fathy, Aly E.] Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN USA. [Shin, Ki R.; Kang, Yoon W.; Champion, Mark S.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. RP Shin, KR (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN USA. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0149-645X BN 978-1-4673-2141-9; 978-1-4673-6177-4 J9 IEEE MTT S INT MICR PY 2013 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BE2OX UT WOS:000369754300355 ER PT J AU Akerstedt, H Anderson, K Bohm, C Drake, G Muschter, S Oreglia, M Paramonov, A Tang, F AF Akerstedt, H. Anderson, K. Bohm, C. Drake, G. Muschter, S. Oreglia, M. Paramonov, A. Tang, F. CA ATLAS Tile Calorimeter Syst GP IEEE TI Radiation tolerance and mitigation strategies for FPGA:s in the ATLAS TileCal Demonstrator SO 2013 IEEE NUCLEAR SCIENCE SYMPOSIUM AND MEDICAL IMAGING CONFERENCE (NSS/MIC) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 60th IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium (NSS) / Medical Imaging Conference (MIC) / 20th International Workshop on Room-Temperature Semiconductor X-ray and Gamma-ray Detectors CY OCT 27-NOV 02, 2013 CL Seoul, SOUTH KOREA SP IEEE, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Nucl & Plasma Sci Soc DE ATLAS; TileCal; Demonstrator; FPGA; Kintex; single event upset; radiation AB During 2014, upgraded-demonstrator electronics will be installed in a Tile calorimeter drawer to obtain long term experience with the redundant electronics proposed for a full upgrade scheduled for 2022. The new, FPGA-based system uses dense programmable logic, which must be proven to be sufficiently radiation tolerant. It must also be protected against radiation induced single event upsets that can corrupt memory and logic Radiation induced errors need to be detected and compensated for in time to minimize data loss, and also to avoid permanent damage. Strategies for detecting and correcting radiation induced errors in the Kintex-7 FPGAs on the Demonstrator electronics are evaluated and discussed. C1 [Akerstedt, H.; Bohm, C.; Muschter, S.] Stockholm Univ, Fysikum, Stockholm, Sweden. [Anderson, K.; Oreglia, M.; Tang, F.] Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Drake, G.; Paramonov, A.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Akerstedt, H (reprint author), Stockholm Univ, Fysikum, Stockholm, Sweden. EM henrik.akerstedt@fysik.su.se NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4799-0534-8 PY 2013 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Engineering; Physics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA BB8OY UT WOS:000347163503104 ER PT J AU Bell, ZW Kline, C AF Bell, Zane W. Kline, Craig GP IEEE TI Design of a ZnS/(LiF)-Li-6 Moderated Neutron Detector SO 2013 IEEE NUCLEAR SCIENCE SYMPOSIUM AND MEDICAL IMAGING CONFERENCE (NSS/MIC) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 60th IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium (NSS) / Medical Imaging Conference (MIC) / 20th International Workshop on Room-Temperature Semiconductor X-ray and Gamma-ray Detectors CY OCT 27-NOV 02, 2013 CL Seoul, SOUTH KOREA SP IEEE, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Nucl & Plasma Sci Soc AB We have evaluated configurations of 1-meter long ZnS/(LiF)-Li-6 scintillator screens, wavelength shifting readout, and moderator to find an optimum meeting minimum standards for neutron portal monitoring applications. MCNP5 modeling predicts that by embedding 3 polyethylene cylinders covered with ZnS/(LiF)-Li-6 scintillator in a rectangular moderator, a sensitivity of 2.6 cps/ng Cf-252 at 2 m can be achieved. C1 [Bell, Zane W.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Kline, Craig] PartTec Ltd, Bloomington, IN 47404 USA. RP Bell, ZW (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM bellzw@ornl.gov FU PartTec, Ltd., Bloomington, IN, USA [47404] FX Manuscript received November 15, 2013. This work was supported by PartTec, Ltd., Bloomington, IN, 47404 USA. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4799-0534-8 PY 2013 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Engineering; Physics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA BB8OY UT WOS:000347163503017 ER PT J AU Brennan, J Brubaker, E Nowack, A Steele, J Sweany, M Throckmorton, D AF Brennan, James Brubaker, Erik Nowack, Aaron Steele, John Sweany, Melinda Throckmorton, Daniel GP IEEE TI Bubble Masks for Time-Encoded Imaging of Fast Neutrons SO 2013 IEEE NUCLEAR SCIENCE SYMPOSIUM AND MEDICAL IMAGING CONFERENCE (NSS/MIC) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 60th IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium (NSS) / Medical Imaging Conference (MIC) / 20th International Workshop on Room-Temperature Semiconductor X-ray and Gamma-ray Detectors CY OCT 27-NOV 02, 2013 CL Seoul, SOUTH KOREA SP IEEE, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Nucl & Plasma Sci Soc AB Time-encoded imaging is an approach to directional radiation detection that is being developed at SNL with a focus on fast neutron directional detection. In this technique, a time modulation of a detected neutron signal is induced-typically, a moving mask that attenuates neutrons with a time structure that depends on the source position. An important challenge in time-encoded imaging is to develop high-resolution two-dimensional imaging capabilities; building a mechanically moving high-resolution mask presents challenges both theoretical and technical. We have investigated an alternative to mechanical masks that replaces the solid mask with a liquid such as mineral oil. Instead of fixed blocks of solid material that move in pre-defined patterns, the oil is contained in tubing structures, and carefully introduced air gaps-bubbles-propagate through the tubing, generating moving patterns of oil mask elements and air apertures. Compared to current moving-mask techniques, the bubble mask is simple, since mechanical motion is replaced by gravity-driven bubble propagation; it is flexible, since arbitrary bubble patterns can be generated by a software-controlled valve actuator; and it is potentially high performance, since the tubing and bubble size can be tuned for high-resolution imaging requirements. We have built and tested various single-tube mask elements, and will present results on bubble introduction and propagation for different tube sizes and cross-sectional shapes; real-time bubble position tracking; neutron source imaging tests; and reconstruction techniques demonstrated on simple test data as well as a simulated full detector system. C1 [Brennan, James; Brubaker, Erik; Nowack, Aaron; Steele, John; Sweany, Melinda; Throckmorton, Daniel] Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Brennan, J (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM ebrubak@sandia.gov NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4799-0534-8 PY 2013 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Engineering; Physics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA BB8OY UT WOS:000347163502081 ER PT J AU Brubaker, EM AF Brubaker, Erik M. GP IEEE TI A Maximum Likelihood Expectation Maximization Iterative Image Reconstruction Technique for Mask/Anti-mask Coded Aperture Data SO 2013 IEEE NUCLEAR SCIENCE SYMPOSIUM AND MEDICAL IMAGING CONFERENCE (NSS/MIC) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 60th IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium (NSS) / Medical Imaging Conference (MIC) / 20th International Workshop on Room-Temperature Semiconductor X-ray and Gamma-ray Detectors CY OCT 27-NOV 02, 2013 CL Seoul, SOUTH KOREA SP IEEE, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Nucl & Plasma Sci Soc AB We present a method to use mask/anti-mask coded aperture data with maximum likelihood expectation maximization (MLEM) image reconstruction. The mask/anti-mask approach eliminates "unmodulated" data, improving image quality when backgrounds, room scatter, or noisy detectors are significant. MLEM permits complex detector response models, desirable in gamma-ray or fast neutron imaging with thick masks, near-field imaging, or tomographic reconstruction. Subtracted mask/anti-mask data is not Poisson distributed, and cannot be used with MLEM. Instead, we treat unmodulated data as generated by source terms indexed by detector pixel, so that MLEM converges to simultaneous estimates of the true image and the unmodulated event rates. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Brubaker, EM (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM ebrubak@sandia.gov NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4799-0534-8 PY 2013 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Engineering; Physics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA BB8OY UT WOS:000347163502197 ER PT J AU Damazio, DO AF Damazio, D. O. CA ATLAS Liquid Argon Calorimeter Grp GP IEEE TI Signal Processing for the ATLAS Liquid Argon Calorimeter : studies and implementation SO 2013 IEEE NUCLEAR SCIENCE SYMPOSIUM AND MEDICAL IMAGING CONFERENCE (NSS/MIC) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 60th IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium (NSS) / Medical Imaging Conference (MIC) / 20th International Workshop on Room-Temperature Semiconductor X-ray and Gamma-ray Detectors CY OCT 27-NOV 02, 2013 CL Seoul, SOUTH KOREA SP IEEE, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Nucl & Plasma Sci Soc AB The ATLAS detector operated successfully at the LHC studying the proton-proton collisions produced with a center-of-mass of energy up to 8 TeV. During the period from 2009 to 2012, called the LHC Run 1, up to more than 37 independent collisions were produced every 50 ns at the LHC. The ATLAS detector has a set of calorimeters measuring the energy of different types of particles. The liquid argon calorimeters work by ionization of their active material and the free electrons are collected by electrodes at high voltages. Multiple samples of the analog signal are registered and digital signal processing techniques are used to extract its amplitude which is related to the energy deposited. The signal pulse is relatively long (up to 400 ns) and the probability of other physics events happening in the same detector area during that interval is high. A technique called Optimal Filter is used to minimize the effects of such pile-up. In the next data taking period, the luminosity will be higher and new techniques are being considered to mitigate the impact of the pile-up induced noise. Such techniques are also being envisaged for usage in the ATLAS trigger. This paper will discuss these techniques and their implementation in the ATCA standard electronics. A prototype using the processing power of FPGAs is being prepared for studies and planned to be used when the LHC returns to operation in 2015. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Damazio, DO (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM damazio@bnl.gov NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4799-0534-8 PY 2013 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Engineering; Physics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA BB8OY UT WOS:000347163503108 ER PT J AU Damazio, DO AF Damazio, Denis Oliveira CA ATLAS Collaboration GP IEEE TI Performance of the ATLAS Calorimeter Trigger in the LHC Run 1 Data Taking Period SO 2013 IEEE NUCLEAR SCIENCE SYMPOSIUM AND MEDICAL IMAGING CONFERENCE (NSS/MIC) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 60th IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium (NSS) / Medical Imaging Conference (MIC) / 20th International Workshop on Room-Temperature Semiconductor X-ray and Gamma-ray Detectors CY OCT 27-NOV 02, 2013 CL Seoul, SOUTH KOREA SP IEEE, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Nucl & Plasma Sci Soc AB The ATLAS detector operated very successfully at the LHC Run 1 data taking period collecting a large number of events used for different physics analyses, such as the ones leading to the discovery of the Higgs boson as well as for the search for beyond the Standard Model physics. In the main search channels related to the finding of the Higgs, the ATLAS calorimeter system played a major role by measuring the energy of photons, electrons, jets, taus and neutrinos, via missing transverse energy measurement. The ATLAS trigger system selects from the huge amount of events produced every second, those few that are recorded for physics analyses (less than one out of 40 thousand can be kept). The selection process is performed in three levels with increasing complexity and resolution. The first level is hardware based, seeding the two other software levels called together the High-Level Trigger (HLT). The paper will describe details of the calorimeter based HLT algorithms with special emphasis on the algorithms used for missing transverse energy reconstruction and jet detection performance which was improved in 2012 with respect to the 2011 data taking despite the higher luminosity levels. C1 [Damazio, Denis Oliveira] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Damazio, DO (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM damazio@bnl.gov NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4799-0534-8 PY 2013 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Engineering; Physics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA BB8OY UT WOS:000347163502155 ER PT J AU Deptuch, GW Carini, G Collier, T Grybos, P Kmon, P Lipton, R Maj, P Trimpl, M Siddons, DP Szczygiel, R Yarema, R AF Deptuch, Grzegorz W. Carini, Gabriella Collier, Terence Grybos, Pawel Kmon, Piotr Lipton, Ronald Maj, Piotr Trimpl, Marcel Siddons, David P. Szczygiel, Robert Yarema, Raymond GP IEEE TI Results of Tests of Three-Dimensionally Integrated Chips Bonded to Sensors SO 2013 IEEE NUCLEAR SCIENCE SYMPOSIUM AND MEDICAL IMAGING CONFERENCE (NSS/MIC) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 60th IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium (NSS) / Medical Imaging Conference (MIC) / 20th International Workshop on Room-Temperature Semiconductor X-ray and Gamma-ray Detectors CY OCT 27-NOV 02, 2013 CL Seoul, SOUTH KOREA SP IEEE, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Nucl & Plasma Sci Soc ID CIRCUITS AB The VIPIC1 pixel readout integrated circuit was designed for high timing resolution, pixel based, X-ray Photon Correlation Spectroscopy experiments, typically using 8 keV Xrays at a synchrotron radiation facility. Technical hurdles related to a very aggressive alignment resulted in delays with delivery of 3D bonded wafers that eventually yielded operational devices. Recent improvements in alignment of wafers bonded with the Cu-Cu thermo-compression method and resorting to the CuDBI r bonding method started providing operational devices that were tested and led to the next steps. These were the tests with radioactive sources, emitting X-rays, executed after bonding of individual 3D dies to Silicon pixelated sensors for the first time. Results of these tests are presented. C1 [Deptuch, Grzegorz W.; Lipton, Ronald; Trimpl, Marcel; Yarema, Raymond] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Dept Elect Engn, Particle Phys Div, ASIC Dev Grp, BP 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. [Siddons, David P.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Carini, Gabriella] SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. [Grybos, Pawel; Kmon, Piotr; Maj, Piotr; Szczygiel, Robert] AGH Univ Sci & Technol, Fac Elect Engn, Dept Measurement & Elect, Utomat Comp Sci & Biomed Engn, PL-30059 Krakow, Poland. [Collier, Terence] CV Inc, Richardson, TX 75081 USA. RP Deptuch, GW (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Dept Elect Engn, Particle Phys Div, ASIC Dev Grp, BP 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. EM deptuch@ieee.org; carini@SLAC.stanford.edu; tqcollier@covinc.com; pawel.grybos@agh.edu.pl; kmon@agh.edu.pl; lipton@fnal.gov; piotr.maj@agh.edu.pl; trimpl@fnal.gov; siddons@bnl.gov; robert.szczygiel@agh.edu.pl; yarema@fnal.gov FU LLC with the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-07CH11359]; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-98CH10886]; National Science Center [DEC-2011/01/B/ST7/05155]; EU FP7 AIDA program [262025]; Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education [2225/7. PR/2011/2] FX Fermilab is operated by Fermi Research Alliance, LLC under contract No. DE-AC02-07CH11359 with the U.S. Department of Energy. BNL is supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886. AGH-UST was supported by National Science Center, under Contract DEC-2011/01/B/ST7/05155 and by EU FP7 AIDA program (Grant Agreement Number 262025)and Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education (Project number 2225/7. PR/2011/2) NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4799-0534-8 PY 2013 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Engineering; Physics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA BB8OY UT WOS:000347163502013 ER PT J AU Dion, MP Miller, BW Tatishvili, G Warren, GA AF Dion, Michael P. Miller, Brian W. Tatishvili, Gocha Warren, Glen A. GP IEEE TI Alpha Coincidence Spectroscopy studied with GEANT4 SO 2013 IEEE NUCLEAR SCIENCE SYMPOSIUM AND MEDICAL IMAGING CONFERENCE (NSS/MIC) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 60th IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium (NSS) / Medical Imaging Conference (MIC) / 20th International Workshop on Room-Temperature Semiconductor X-ray and Gamma-ray Detectors CY OCT 27-NOV 02, 2013 CL Seoul, SOUTH KOREA SP IEEE, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Nucl & Plasma Sci Soc DE alpha spectrometry; GEANT4; conversion electrons ID SPECTROMETRY; ELECTRON AB The high-energy side of peaks in alpha spectra, e.g. Am-241, as measured with a silicon detector has structure caused mainly by alpha-conversion electron and to some extent alpha-gamma coincidences. We compare GEANT4 simulation results to Am-241 alpha spectroscopy measurements with a passivated implanted planar silicon detector. A discrepancy between the measurements and simulations suggest that the GEANT4 photon evaporation database for Np-237 (daughter of Am-241 decay) does not accurately describe the conversion electron spectrum and therefore was found to have discrepancies with experimental measurements. We describe how to improve the agreement between GEANT4 and alpha spectroscopy for actinides of interest by including experimental measurements of conversion electron spectroscopy into the photon evaporation database. C1 [Dion, Michael P.; Miller, Brian W.; Tatishvili, Gocha; Warren, Glen A.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Dion, MP (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM michael.dion@pnnl.gov; brian.miller@pnnl.gov; gocha.tatishvili@pnnl.gov; glen.warren@pnnl.gov NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4799-0534-8 PY 2013 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Engineering; Physics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA BB8OY UT WOS:000347163502140 ER PT J AU Dioszegi, I Yu, B Smith, G Schaknowski, N Fried, J Vanier, PE Salwen, C Forman, L AF Dioszegi, I. Yu, B. Smith, G. Schaknowski, N. Fried, J. Vanier, P. E. Salwen, C. Forman, L. GP IEEE TI A New Pad-Based Neutron Detector for Stereo Coded-Aperture Thermal Neutron Imaging SO 2013 IEEE NUCLEAR SCIENCE SYMPOSIUM AND MEDICAL IMAGING CONFERENCE (NSS/MIC) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 60th IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium (NSS) / Medical Imaging Conference (MIC) / 20th International Workshop on Room-Temperature Semiconductor X-ray and Gamma-ray Detectors CY OCT 27-NOV 02, 2013 CL Seoul, SOUTH KOREA SP IEEE, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Nucl & Plasma Sci Soc AB A new generation of coded aperture neutron imagers is being developed at Brookhaven National Laboratory. The detector of the camera is a position-sensitive thermal neutron chamber. The new device is a He-3-filled ionization chamber, which uses only anode and cathode planes. The anode is composed of an array of individual pads. The charge is collected on each of the individual 5x5 mm(2) anode pads, (48x48 in total, corresponding to 24x24 cm(2) sensitive area) and read out by application specific integrated circuits. The new design has several advantages for the coded-aperture applications in the field, compared to the previous generation of wire-grid based neutron detectors. Among these are its rugged design, lighter weight and use of non-flammable stopping gas. The pad-based readout is event by event, thus capable for high count rates, and also to perform data analysis and imaging on an event-by-event basis. The spatial resolution of the detector can be better than the pixel size by using charge sharing between adjacent pads. In this paper we report on the development and performance of the new, prototype pad-based neutron camera, and present the first stereoscopic coded aperture images of thermalized neutron sources. C1 [Dioszegi, I.; Yu, B.; Smith, G.; Schaknowski, N.; Fried, J.; Vanier, P. E.; Salwen, C.; Forman, L.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Forman, L.] Ion Focus Technol, Miller Place 11764, NY USA. RP Dioszegi, I (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM dioszegi@bnl.gov NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 4 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4799-0534-8 PY 2013 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Engineering; Physics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA BB8OY UT WOS:000347163501230 ER PT J AU Huh, SS Clinthorne, NH Haefner, A Chivers, D Mihailescu, L Vetter, K AF Huh, Sam S. Clinthorne, Neal H. Haefner, Andrew Chivers, Daniel Mihailescu, Lucian Vetter, Kai GP IEEE TI Relations Between System Matrices and the Complete Data Space in MLEM Using the Kullback-Leibler Distance SO 2013 IEEE NUCLEAR SCIENCE SYMPOSIUM AND MEDICAL IMAGING CONFERENCE (NSS/MIC) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 60th IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium (NSS) / Medical Imaging Conference (MIC) / 20th International Workshop on Room-Temperature Semiconductor X-ray and Gamma-ray Detectors CY OCT 27-NOV 02, 2013 CL Seoul, SOUTH KOREA SP IEEE, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Nucl & Plasma Sci Soc ID MAXIMUM-LIKELIHOOD; RECONSTRUCTION AB We present a quantitative method for relating system matrices to the complete-data space in maximum likelihood expectation maximization (MLEM) using the Kullback-Leibler distance. We show that a more accurate system matrix has a smaller Kullback-Leibler (KL) distance. System matrices of a coded aperture imaging system were used for comparison. The calculation of the KL distance is based on the Monte Carlo integral. We note that system matrices for the KL distance evaluation should be generated by underlying physics processes. C1 [Huh, Sam S.; Chivers, Daniel; Mihailescu, Lucian; Vetter, Kai] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Appl Nucl Phys Program, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Clinthorne, Neal H.] Univ Michigan Hosp, Dept Radiol, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Haefner, Andrew] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Nucl Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Huh, SS (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Appl Nucl Phys Program, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM sshuh@lbl.gov; nclintho@umich.edu; AHaefner@lbl.gov; dhchivers@lbl.gov; LMihailescu@lbl.gov; kvetter@lbl.gov FU Domestic Nuclear Detection Office of the U.S. Department of Homeland Security [HSHQDC-10-X-00660] FX This work was supported in part by the Domestic Nuclear Detection Office of the U.S. Department of Homeland Security under grant HSHQDC-10-X-00660 NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4799-0534-8 PY 2013 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Engineering; Physics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA BB8OY UT WOS:000347163503167 ER PT J AU Jimenez, ES Orr, LJ Thompson, KR Park, R AF Jimenez, Edward S. Orr, Laurel J. Thompson, Kyle R. Park, Ryeojin GP IEEE TI A High-Performance and Energy-Efficient CT Reconstruction Algorithm For Multi-Terabyte Datasets SO 2013 IEEE NUCLEAR SCIENCE SYMPOSIUM AND MEDICAL IMAGING CONFERENCE (NSS/MIC) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 60th IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium (NSS) / Medical Imaging Conference (MIC) / 20th International Workshop on Room-Temperature Semiconductor X-ray and Gamma-ray Detectors CY OCT 27-NOV 02, 2013 CL Seoul, SOUTH KOREA SP IEEE, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Nucl & Plasma Sci Soc AB There has been much work done in implementing various GPU-based Computed Tomography reconstruction algorithms for medical applications showing tremendous improvement in computational performance. While many of these reconstruction algorithms could also be applied to industrial-scale datasets, the performance gains may be modest to non-existent due to a combination of algorithmic, hardware, or scalability limitations. Previous work presented showed an irregular dynamic approach to GPU-Reconstruction kernel execution for industrial-scale reconstructions that dramatically improved voxel processing throughput. However, the improved kernel execution magnified other system bottlenecks such as host memory bandwidth and storage read/write bandwidth, thus hindering performance gains. This paper presents a multi-GPU-based reconstruction algorithm capable of efficiently reconstructing large volumes (between 64 gigavoxels and 1 teravoxel volumes) not only faster than traditional CPU-and GPU-based reconstruction algorithms but also while consuming significantly less energy. The reconstruction algorithm exploits the irregular kernel approach from previous work as well as a modularized MIMD-like environment, heterogeneous parallelism, as well as macro-and micro-scale dynamic task allocation. The result is a portable and flexible reconstruction algorithm capable of executing on a wide range of architectures including mobile computers, workstations, supercomputers, and modestly-sized hetero or homogeneous clusters with any number of graphics processors. C1 [Jimenez, Edward S.; Orr, Laurel J.; Thompson, Kyle R.] Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Park, Ryeojin] Univ Arizona, Coll Opt Sci, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. RP Jimenez, ES (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM esjimen@sandia.gov; ljorr@sandia.gov; krthomp@sandia.gov; rpark@email.arizona.edu FU U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000] FX Sandia National Laboratories is a multi-program laboratory managed and operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corporation, for the U.S. Department of Energys National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4799-0534-8 PY 2013 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Engineering; Physics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA BB8OY UT WOS:000347163502030 ER PT J AU Lee, K Bolotnikov, A Bae, S Roy, U Camarda, G Petryk, M Cui, YG Hossain, A Yang, G Dedic, V Kim, K James, R AF Lee, Kisung Bolotnikov, Aleksey Bae, Seungbin Roy, Utpal Camarda, Giuseppe Petryk, Matthew Cui, Yonggang Hossain, Anwar Yang, Ge Dedic, Vaclav Kim, Kihyun James, Ralph GP IEEE TI Use of Virtual Frisch-Grid CdZnTe Detectors to Attain Sub-millimeter Spatial Resolution SO 2013 IEEE NUCLEAR SCIENCE SYMPOSIUM AND MEDICAL IMAGING CONFERENCE (NSS/MIC) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 60th IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium (NSS) / Medical Imaging Conference (MIC) / 20th International Workshop on Room-Temperature Semiconductor X-ray and Gamma-ray Detectors CY OCT 27-NOV 02, 2013 CL Seoul, SOUTH KOREA SP IEEE, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Nucl & Plasma Sci Soc ID READOUT AB The goal of our study was twofold: To determine the distribution of signals in position-sensitive CdZnTe (CZT)-based virtual Frisch-grid detectors (VFGDs) with side-sensing pads, and to evaluate the feasibility of accurately measuring the X-and Y-coordinates where a photon interaction occurs within a single VFGD module. Accordingly, we collected signals from an anode, and from four or eight sensing pads attached to four sides of a CZT crystal. We assessed the anode's energy spectra and derived histograms from the side electrodes so to evaluate the feasibility of employing VFGDs as imaging devices. Using a highly collimated 30-keV X-ray beam at the National Synchrotron Light Source (NSLS), and applying some corrections to the raw signal data, we found that the signals acquired from one side of the detector were well separated from those measured at the opposite side. We also determined the photon interaction points by conventional Anger logic and via a more sophisticated statistics-based positioning (SBP) algorithm. With the current VFGD configuration, preliminary results showed that our positioning methods could increase the resolution above the intrinsic resolution of the VFGD (6 mm). Using SBP, we achieved a resolution below 1 millimeter for low-energy X-and gamma-rays. C1 [Lee, Kisung; Bolotnikov, Aleksey; Roy, Utpal; Camarda, Giuseppe; Petryk, Matthew; Cui, Yonggang; Hossain, Anwar; Yang, Ge; James, Ralph] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Lee, K (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM kisung@korea.ac.kr; bolotnik@bnl.gov NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4799-0534-8 PY 2013 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Engineering; Physics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA BB8OY UT WOS:000347163503202 ER PT J AU Lee, S Weisenberger, AG Smith, MF AF Lee, S. Weisenberger, A. G. Smith, M. F. GP IEEE TI A Method for Characterization of PhytoPET in Plant Growth Media SO 2013 IEEE NUCLEAR SCIENCE SYMPOSIUM AND MEDICAL IMAGING CONFERENCE (NSS/MIC) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 60th IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium (NSS) / Medical Imaging Conference (MIC) / 20th International Workshop on Room-Temperature Semiconductor X-ray and Gamma-ray Detectors CY OCT 27-NOV 02, 2013 CL Seoul, SOUTH KOREA SP IEEE, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Nucl & Plasma Sci Soc AB A positron emission tomography (PET) system (PhytoPET) designed specifically for plant biology imaging is being developed for use at the Duke University Biology Department Phytotron. The system has a modular design to accommodate various shapes and sizes of plants and plant structures. The target isotope, C-11 in (CO2)-C-11 gas, is absorbed by the leaf through photosynthesis then converted to sugars, and translocated to other parts of the plant. A large fraction of positrons from C-11 can escape from thin leaves without annihilation, while in the root a large fraction of positrons annihilate because of surrounding materials such as water or soil. Since the PhytoPET system can be used for imaging both leaves and roots, it is required to characterize system performance with various surrounding materials. A capillary tube phantom was designed and fabricated to allow placement within different absorbing media such as air, water, and soil. We report on sensitivity and spatial resolution measurements of the PhytoPET system using this phantom. C1 [Lee, S.; Weisenberger, A. G.] Jefferson Lab, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. [Smith, M. F.] Univ Maryland, Baltimore, MD USA. RP Lee, S (reprint author), Jefferson Lab, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. EM sjlee@jlab.org; msmith7@umm.edu FU efferson Science Associates (JSA) [DE-AC05-06OR23177]; DOE Office of Nuclear Physics [DE-FG02-97ER41033] FX The Jefferson Science Associates (JSA) operates the Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility for the United States Department of Energy under contract DE-AC05-06OR23177. Support for this research came from the DOE Office of Biological and Environmental Research, the DOE Office of Nuclear Physics grant DE-FG02-97ER41033. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4799-0534-8 PY 2013 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Engineering; Physics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA BB8OY UT WOS:000347163503166 ER PT J AU Lee, S Kross, B McKisson, J McKisson, JE Weisenberger, AG Xi, W Zorn, C Bonito, G Howell, CR Reid, CD Crowell, A Cumberbatch, LC Topp, C Smith, MF AF Lee, S. Kross, B. McKisson, J. McKisson, J. E. Weisenberger, A. G. Xi, W. Zorn, C. Bonito, G. Howell, C. R. Reid, C. D. Crowell, A. Cumberbatch, L. C. Topp, C. Smith, M. F. GP IEEE TI Imaging Corn Plants with PhytoPET, a Modular PET System for Plant Biology SO 2013 IEEE NUCLEAR SCIENCE SYMPOSIUM AND MEDICAL IMAGING CONFERENCE (NSS/MIC) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 60th IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium (NSS) / Medical Imaging Conference (MIC) / 20th International Workshop on Room-Temperature Semiconductor X-ray and Gamma-ray Detectors CY OCT 27-NOV 02, 2013 CL Seoul, SOUTH KOREA SP IEEE, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Nucl & Plasma Sci Soc AB PhytoPET is a modular positron emission tomography (PET) system designed specifically for plant imaging. The PhytoPET design allows flexible arrangements of PET detectors based on individual standalone detector modules built from single Hamamatsu H8500 position sensitive photomultiplier tubes and pixelated LYSO arrays. We have used the PhytoPET system to perform preliminary corn plant imaging studies at the Duke University Biology Department Phytotron. Initial evaluation of the PhytoPET system to image the biodistribution of the positron emitting tracer C-11 in corn plants is presented. (CO2)-C-11 is loaded into corn seedlings by a leaf-labeling cuvette and translocation of C-11-sugars is imaged by a flexible arrangement of PhytoPET modules on each side. The PhytoPET system successfully images C-11 within corn plants and allows for the dynamic measurement of C-11-sugar translocation from the leaf to the roots. C1 [Lee, S.; Kross, B.; McKisson, J.; McKisson, J. E.; Weisenberger, A. G.; Xi, W.; Zorn, C.] Jefferson Lab, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. [Howell, C. R.; Reid, C. D.; Crowell, A.; Cumberbatch, L. C.; Topp, C.] Duke Univ & TUNL, Durham, NC USA. [Smith, M. F.] Univ Maryland, Baltimore, MD USA. RP Lee, S (reprint author), Jefferson Lab, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. EM sjlee@jlab.org; howell@tunl.duke.edu; msmith7@umm.edu FU DOE Office of Nuclear Physics [DE-FG02-97ER41033]; [DE-AC05-06OR23177] FX The Jefferson Science Associates (JSA) operates the Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility for the United States Department of Energy under contract DE-AC05-06OR23177. Support for this research came from the DOE Office of Biological and Environmental Research, the DOE Office of Nuclear Physics grant DE-FG02-97ER41033. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4799-0534-8 PY 2013 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Engineering; Physics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA BB8OY UT WOS:000347163503168 ER PT J AU Li, Z Chen, W Kistenev, E Sukhanov, A Kwon, Y Sue, DG Park, K Park, J Lajoie, J AF Li, Zheng Chen, Wei Kistenev, Edward Sukhanov, Andrei Kwon, Youngil Sue, Dong gon Park, Kunsik Park, Jongmoon Lajoie, John GP IEEE TI Novel guard ring system design and implementation for punch-through protection toward the detector dicing edge with improved radiation tolerance and reduced dead area SO 2013 IEEE NUCLEAR SCIENCE SYMPOSIUM AND MEDICAL IMAGING CONFERENCE (NSS/MIC) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 60th IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium (NSS) / Medical Imaging Conference (MIC) / 20th International Workshop on Room-Temperature Semiconductor X-ray and Gamma-ray Detectors CY OCT 27-NOV 02, 2013 CL Seoul, SOUTH KOREA SP IEEE, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Nucl & Plasma Sci Soc ID SILICON; SIMULATIONS; BREAKDOWN AB A novel guard system has been proposed based on the experience of the development of Si Mini-Pad detectors for PHENIX Calorimeter at RHIC in BNL. The new GR system is a multi-guard-ring system with segmented n(+) implants between them to prevent the punch-through of electric field through the GR's to reach the detector dicing edge. 2D processing and device simulations have shown that with this new GR system, one achieve 1) punch-through protection, 2) reduction of detector dead space, 3) it is detector manufacture/foundry independent regarding the SiO2 property, and 4) it can increase the detector radiation tolerance to a few times of Mrads. Simulations have shown that in the new GR system, the maximum electric field near the GR edges can be reduced by more than a factor of two, and the dead area can be reduced in the order. Further simulations will be performed to obtain optimum design in terms of n(+) segmentation geometry, n(+) dose, GR widths and numbers. The next engineering run of the Mini-pad detectors with the improved GR system is underway in the detector foundry, and test results will also presented. C1 [Li, Zheng; Chen, Wei; Sukhanov, Andrei] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Li, Zheng] Xiangtan Univ, Key Lab Low Dimens Mat & Applicat Technol, Xiangtan 411105, Peoples R China. [Kwon, Youngil; Sue, Dong gon] Yonsei Univ, Seoul 120749, South Korea. [Park, Kunsik; Park, Jongmoon] Elect & Telecommun Res Inst, Daejeon 305700, South Korea. [Lajoie, John] Iowa State Univ, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Li, Z (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM zhengli58@gmail.com; weichen@bnl.gov; kistenev@bnl.gov; sukhanov@bnl.gov; ykwon@yonsei.ac.kr; kunsik@etri.re.kr; jongmoon@etri.re.kr; lajoie@iastate.edu FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-98CH10886]; 973 Program [2012CB326404] FX This research was supported in part by the U.S. Department of Energy: Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886, and in part by the 973 Program (2012CB326404) NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4799-0534-8 PY 2013 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Engineering; Physics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA BB8OY UT WOS:000347163502067 ER PT J AU Mannel, EJ AF Mannel, Eric J. CA PHENIX Collaboration GP IEEE TI An SiPM Based Readout for the sPHENIX Calorimeters SO 2013 IEEE NUCLEAR SCIENCE SYMPOSIUM AND MEDICAL IMAGING CONFERENCE (NSS/MIC) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 60th IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium (NSS) / Medical Imaging Conference (MIC) / 20th International Workshop on Room-Temperature Semiconductor X-ray and Gamma-ray Detectors CY OCT 27-NOV 02, 2013 CL Seoul, SOUTH KOREA SP IEEE, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Nucl & Plasma Sci Soc AB Conceived and constructed over a decade ago, the PHENIX detector at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) at Brookhaven National Laboratory was designed to discover Quark-Gluon Plasma, QGP. Following up on the discovery of QGP, the PHENIX collaboration has embarked on a series of upgrades designed to explore the properties of QGP, with the next phase being sPHENIX. The sPHENIX upgrade replaces the current central arm spectrometer with a compact superconducting solenoid, electromagnetic and hadronic calorimetry optimized to study jets produced in p+p, p+A and A+A collisions at RHIC. The compact nature of the detector (r similar to 1m) means that the optical readout of the calorimetry will be in the vicinity of the of the magnetic field of the solenoid, which will require an optical readout immune to effects of magnetic fields. For sPHENIX, we have designed an optical readout system based on Silicon Photo-Multipliers (SiPMs) for both the electromagnetic and hadronic calorimeters. In this paper we will present the conceptual design of the readout system based on SiPMs and the results of preliminary studies of SiPM performance in context of the the sPHENIX readout requirements. C1 [Mannel, Eric J.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Mannel, EJ (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM mannel@bnl.gov NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4799-0534-8 PY 2013 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Engineering; Physics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA BB8OY UT WOS:000347163502018 ER PT J AU Peng, Q Choong, WS Vu, C Huber, JS Janecek, M Wilson, D Huesman, RH Moses, WW AF Peng, Q. Choong, W. -S. Vu, C. Huber, J. S. Janecek, M. Wilson, D. Huesman, R. H. Moses, W. W. GP IEEE TI Imaging Performance of the Tachyon Time-of-Flight PET Camera SO 2013 IEEE NUCLEAR SCIENCE SYMPOSIUM AND MEDICAL IMAGING CONFERENCE (NSS/MIC) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 60th IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium (NSS) / Medical Imaging Conference (MIC) / 20th International Workshop on Room-Temperature Semiconductor X-ray and Gamma-ray Detectors CY OCT 27-NOV 02, 2013 CL Seoul, SOUTH KOREA SP IEEE, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Nucl & Plasma Sci Soc AB Tachyon, a single-ring "demonstration" Time-of-Flight (TOF) PET scanner has been developed to measure the improvement in image quality as a function of the timing resolution. The design of the detector module is optimized for timing by coupling the 6.1x25 mm(2) of 6.1x6.1x25 mm(3) LSO scintillator crystals onto a 1-inch diameter Hamamatsu R-9800 PMT with super-bialkali photocathode. We characterized the imaging performance of the system. The results show that Tachyon achieved a coincidence timing resolution of 314ps +/-20ps fwhm over all crystal-crystal combinations, better than any PET camera that has been reported on. Phantom experiments based on the NEMA NU 2-2007 standard were performed to evaluate the basic imaging performance of the scanner including noise equivalent count rates and image resolution. C1 [Peng, Q.; Choong, W. -S.; Vu, C.; Huber, J. S.; Janecek, M.; Wilson, D.; Huesman, R. H.; Moses, W. W.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Dept Radiotracer Dev & Imaging Technol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Peng, Q (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Dept Radiotracer Dev & Imaging Technol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM qpeng@lbl.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4799-0534-8 PY 2013 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Engineering; Physics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA BB8OY UT WOS:000347163500064 ER PT J AU Purschke, ML Azmoun, B Pak, R Cao, T Woody, C AF Purschke, M. L. Azmoun, B. Pak, R. Cao, T. Woody, C. CA PHENIX Collaboration GP IEEE TI Test Beam Study of a Short Drift GEM Tracking Detector SO 2013 IEEE NUCLEAR SCIENCE SYMPOSIUM AND MEDICAL IMAGING CONFERENCE (NSS/MIC) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 60th IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium (NSS) / Medical Imaging Conference (MIC) / 20th International Workshop on Room-Temperature Semiconductor X-ray and Gamma-ray Detectors CY OCT 27-NOV 02, 2013 CL Seoul, SOUTH KOREA SP IEEE, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Nucl & Plasma Sci Soc AB A short drift GEM tracking detector was studied in the H6 test beam at CERN as part of an effort to develop new tracking detectors for future experiments at RHIC. The detector consists of a triple GEM stack with a 16 mm drift gap and a COMPASS style readout plane with XY readout strips that is used in a mini TPC type configuration. Charge produced by tracks passing through the drift gap is collected over similar to 700 ns and sampled at a rate of 25 ns which allows a measurement of the drift time of the charge clusters from the initial ionization. This enables a determination of the angle of the track passing through the detector as well as its position. The resulting vector can be used to improve the position resolution compared to simple charge centroid determination for tracks passing through the detector at large angles, and can also reduce the number of detectors required to measure tracks with a given precision. We have studied some basic characteristics of the short drift GEM detector in the lab using a beta source and cosmic rays, and have also studied it more extensively in a test beam at CERN. This paper will report on the results of these studies. C1 [Purschke, M. L.; Azmoun, B.; Pak, R.; Woody, C.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Cao, T.] SUNY Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11973 USA. RP Purschke, ML (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02- 98CH10886] FX his work was supported in part by the U.S. Department of Energy under Prime Contract No. DE-AC02- 98CH10886. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4799-0534-8 PY 2013 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Engineering; Physics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA BB8OY UT WOS:000347163502042 ER PT J AU Ronzhin, A AF Ronzhin, Anatoly GP IEEE TI SiPM Signal Shape Influence on Detector Time Resolution. SO 2013 IEEE NUCLEAR SCIENCE SYMPOSIUM AND MEDICAL IMAGING CONFERENCE (NSS/MIC) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 60th IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium (NSS) / Medical Imaging Conference (MIC) / 20th International Workshop on Room-Temperature Semiconductor X-ray and Gamma-ray Detectors CY OCT 27-NOV 02, 2013 CL Seoul, SOUTH KOREA SP IEEE, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Nucl & Plasma Sci Soc AB An influence of the SiPM signal shape on detector time resolution (TR) investigated. Simple method to improve the TR was proposed. The experimental results are presented. C1 Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Ronzhin, A (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. EM ronzhin@fnal.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4799-0534-8 PY 2013 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Engineering; Physics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA BB8OY UT WOS:000347163502173 ER PT J AU Rumaiz, AK Krings, T Siddons, DP Kuczewski, AJ Protic, D Ross, C De Geronimo, G Zhong, Z AF Rumaiz, A. K. Krings, T. Siddons, D. P. Kuczewski, A. J. Protic, D. Ross, C. De Geronimo, G. Zhong, Z. GP IEEE TI A Monolithic Segmented Germanium Detector with Highly Integrated Readout SO 2013 IEEE NUCLEAR SCIENCE SYMPOSIUM AND MEDICAL IMAGING CONFERENCE (NSS/MIC) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 60th IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium (NSS) / Medical Imaging Conference (MIC) / 20th International Workshop on Room-Temperature Semiconductor X-ray and Gamma-ray Detectors CY OCT 27-NOV 02, 2013 CL Seoul, SOUTH KOREA SP IEEE, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Nucl & Plasma Sci Soc AB We have constructed a pixelated germanium detector using a technique which has been shown to provide good isolation between adjacent pixels. In this work we present initial tests of the application of a low-noise CMOS ASIC to read out this detector. The detector has 64 pixels, each 0.5mm x 5mm, arranged as a series of strips. It is connected by wire-bonds to two 32-channel ASICs (Application-Specific Integrated Circuit) which provide a complete photon-counting chain for every channel. Since the size of the pixel array is no longer restricted by the difficulties of instrumenting large channel-count conventional electronics, this development will open up the possibility of even larger arrays, similar to those offered by silicon detectors. C1 [Rumaiz, A. K.; Siddons, D. P.; Kuczewski, A. J.; De Geronimo, G.; Zhong, Z.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Photon Sci Directorate, New York, NY 10014 USA. [Krings, T.; Protic, D.; Ross, C.] Semikon Detector GmbH, Julich, Germany. RP Rumaiz, AK (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Photon Sci Directorate, New York, NY 10014 USA. FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-98CH10886] FX Manuscript received January 15, 2014; revised May 16, 2014; accepted October 16, 2014. Date of publication November 12, 2014; date of current version December 11, 2014. Use of the National Synchrotron Light Source, Brookhaven National Laboratory, was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4799-0534-8 PY 2013 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Engineering; Physics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA BB8OY UT WOS:000347163502086 ER PT J AU Seabury, EH Van Siclen, CD McCabe, JB Wharton, CJ Caffrey, AJ AF Seabury, E. H. Van Siclen, C. Dew McCabe, J. B. Wharton, C. J. Caffrey, A. J. GP IEEE TI Neutron Damage in Mechanically-Cooled High-Purity Germanium Detectors for Field-Portable Prompt Gamma Neutron Activation Analysis (PGNAA) Systems SO 2013 IEEE NUCLEAR SCIENCE SYMPOSIUM AND MEDICAL IMAGING CONFERENCE (NSS/MIC) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 60th IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium (NSS) / Medical Imaging Conference (MIC) / 20th International Workshop on Room-Temperature Semiconductor X-ray and Gamma-ray Detectors CY OCT 27-NOV 02, 2013 CL Seoul, SOUTH KOREA SP IEEE, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Nucl & Plasma Sci Soc AB Prompt Gamma Neutron Activation (PGNAA) systems require the use of a gamma-ray spectrometer to record the gamma-ray spectrum of an object under test and allow the determination of the object's composition. Field-portable systems, such as Idaho National Laboratory's PINS system, have used standard liquid-nitrogen-cooled high-purity germanium (HPGe) detectors to perform this function. These detectors have performed very well in the past, but the requirement of liquid-nitrogen cooling limits their use to areas where liquid nitrogen is readily available or produced on-site. Also, having a relatively large volume of liquid nitrogen close to the detector can impact some assessments, possibly leading to a false detection of explosives or other nitrogen-containing chemical. Use of a mechanically-cooled HPGe detector is therefore very attractive for PGNAA applications where nitrogen detection is critical or where liquid-nitrogen logistics are problematic. Mechanically-cooled HPGe detectors constructed from p-type germanium, such as ORTEC's TransSpec, have been commercially available for several years. In order to assess whether these detectors would be suitable for use in a fielded PGNAA system, Idaho National Laboratory (INL) has been performing a number of tests of the resistance of mechanically-cooled HPGe detectors to neutron damage. These detectors have been standard commercially-available p-type HPGe detectors as well as prototype n-type HPGe detectors. These tests compare the performance of these different detector types as a function of crystal temperature and incident neutron fluence on the crystal. C1 [Seabury, E. H.; Van Siclen, C. Dew; McCabe, J. B.; Wharton, C. J.] Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. [Caffrey, A. J.] ORTEC, Div Ametek, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Seabury, EH (reprint author), Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. EM edward.seabury@inl.gov FU U.S. Army, Program Manager for Non-Stockpile Chemical Materiel; Idaho National Laboratory is operated by Battelle Energy Alliance; U.S. Department of Energy, under DOE Field Office Idaho [DEAC07-05ID14517] FX Manuscript received November 15, 2013. This work was supported in part by the U.S. Army, Program Manager for Non-Stockpile Chemical Materiel. Idaho National Laboratory is operated by Battelle Energy Alliance for the U.S. Department of Energy, under DOE Field Office Idaho contract DEAC07-05ID14517. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 3 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4799-0534-8 PY 2013 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Engineering; Physics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA BB8OY UT WOS:000347163502106 ER PT J AU Warren, GA Dion, MP Miller, BW Tatishvili, G AF Warren, Glen A. Dion, Michael P. Miller, Brian W. Tatishvili, Gocha GP IEEE TI Alpha Coincidence Detection for the Assay of Actinides SO 2013 IEEE NUCLEAR SCIENCE SYMPOSIUM AND MEDICAL IMAGING CONFERENCE (NSS/MIC) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 60th IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium (NSS) / Medical Imaging Conference (MIC) / 20th International Workshop on Room-Temperature Semiconductor X-ray and Gamma-ray Detectors CY OCT 27-NOV 02, 2013 CL Seoul, SOUTH KOREA SP IEEE, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Nucl & Plasma Sci Soc ID CONVERSION COEFFICIENTS; PARTICLE SPECTROMETRY; RESOLUTION AB Interferences in both decay counting and mass counting techniques limit their application for some environmental monitoring applications. For example, U-238 interferes with Pu-238 in mass spectrometry measurements, while in conventional alpha spectroscopy measurements it is nearly impossible to separate Pu-238 from Am-241 and Pu-239 from Pu-240. These interferences are typically resolved by using chemical separation and/or different measurement techniques for different isotopes. We are investigating radiation detector concepts to simultaneously assay these four isotopes with minimal sample preparation by exploiting radiation signatures measured in coincidence with the predominate alpha decays of these isotopes. Particles in coincidence with the alpha decay include conversion electrons, gamma rays, x-rays, and Auger electrons. Each decay has a unique energy distribution enabling the separation of the isotopes. We are exploring two basic detector concepts to achieve these goals: a silicon-based design and a gas-detector design. The silicon system provides the potential for higher energy resolution at the cost of lower efficiency compared to a gas detector. In this paper, we will describe our evaluation of the different detector concepts, which will include estimations of potential detection efficiency, ability to resolve the isotopes, sample preparation and equipment requirements. C1 [Warren, Glen A.; Dion, Michael P.; Miller, Brian W.; Tatishvili, Gocha] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Warren, GA (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM glen.warren@pnnl.gov; michael.dion@pnnl.gov; brian.miller@pnnl.gov; gocha.tatishvili@pnnl.gov NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4799-0534-8 PY 2013 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Engineering; Physics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA BB8OY UT WOS:000347163502109 ER PT J AU Weisenberger, AG Bonito, G Lee, S McKisson, JE Gryganskyi, A Reid, CD Smith, MF Vaidyanathan, G Welch, B AF Weisenberger, A. G. Bonito, G. Lee, S. McKisson, J. E. Gryganskyi, A. Reid, C. D. Smith, M. F. Vaidyanathan, G. Welch, B. GP IEEE TI A Radioisotope Based Methodology for Plant-Fungal Interactions in the Rhizosphere SO 2013 IEEE NUCLEAR SCIENCE SYMPOSIUM AND MEDICAL IMAGING CONFERENCE (NSS/MIC) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 60th IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium (NSS) / Medical Imaging Conference (MIC) / 20th International Workshop on Room-Temperature Semiconductor X-ray and Gamma-ray Detectors CY OCT 27-NOV 02, 2013 CL Seoul, SOUTH KOREA SP IEEE, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Nucl & Plasma Sci Soc ID INFECTIONS; TECHNETIUM; PEPTIDES; MICE AB In plant ecophysiology research there is interest in studying the biology of the rhizosphere because of its importance in plant nutrient-interactions. The rhizosphere is the zone of soil surrounding a plant's root system where microbes (such as fungi) are influenced by the root and the roots by the microbes. We are investigating a methodology for imaging the distribution of molecular compounds of interest in the rhizosphere without disturbing the root or soil habitat. Our intention is to develop a single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) system (PhytoSPECT) to image the bio-distribution of fungi in association with a host plant's roots. The technique we are exploring makes use of radioactive isotopes as tracers to label molecules that bind to fungal-specific compounds of interest and to image the fungi distribution in the plant and/or soil. We report on initial experiments designed to test the ability of fungal-specific compounds labeled with an iodine radioisotope that binds to chitin monomers (N-acetylglucosamine). Chitin is a compound not found in roots but in fungal cell walls. We will test the ability to label the compound with radioactive isotopes of iodine (I-125, and I-123). C1 [Weisenberger, A. G.; Lee, S.; McKisson, J. E.] Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. RP Weisenberger, AG (reprint author), Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. EM drew@jlab.org; gmb2@duke.edu; msmith7@umm.edu; bwelch@dilon.com NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4799-0534-8 PY 2013 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Engineering; Physics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA BB8OY UT WOS:000347163502036 ER PT J AU Wu, JY Wang, S Zhang, K AF Wu, Jinyuan Wang, Stephanie Zhang, Kevin GP IEEE TI The CAKE Clocking and the Trapezoidal Clocking Schemes: Principles and Demo Tests SO 2013 IEEE NUCLEAR SCIENCE SYMPOSIUM AND MEDICAL IMAGING CONFERENCE (NSS/MIC) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 60th IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium (NSS) / Medical Imaging Conference (MIC) / 20th International Workshop on Room-Temperature Semiconductor X-ray and Gamma-ray Detectors CY OCT 27-NOV 02, 2013 CL Seoul, SOUTH KOREA SP IEEE, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Nucl & Plasma Sci Soc DE Clocking; Synchronization; De-skew ID ANALOG MEAN-TIMER AB A novel clock distribution technique, the Cable Automatic sKew Elimination (CAKE) clocking scheme has been developed and presented in this paper. In this scheme, clock pulses are driven into a cable and reflected from the high impedance receiving end. At the driving end, a cake-shaped waveform is seen and with 1/4 of the full pulse amplitude threshold, the output logic pulse width from a comparator carries cable delay information. Using a time-to-digital converter (TDC), the cable delay variation due to temperature change can be monitored and compensated for. The philosophy behind the CAKE clocking scheme is to keep the receiving end as simple as possible while implement extra circuitry in the transmitting end. Another clocking technique based on the same philosophy is the trapezoidal clocking scheme that we developed in our previous work. Demo tests of both the CAKE clocking and the trapezoidal clocking schemes are presented in this paper. Index Terms-Clocking, C1 [Wu, Jinyuan] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. [Wang, Stephanie; Zhang, Kevin] Illinois Math & Sci Acad, Aurora, IL 60506 USA. RP Wu, JY (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. EM jywu168@fnal.gov FU Fermi Research Alliance, LLC with the United States Department of Energy [DE-AC02-07CH11359] FX This work was supported in part by Fermi Research Alliance, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC02-07CH11359 with the United States Department of Energy NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4799-0534-8 PY 2013 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Engineering; Physics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA BB8OY UT WOS:000347163502023 ER PT J AU Zimmermann, S Abgrall, N Bantel, M Moeller-Chan, V Cromaz, M Grace, C Macchiavelli, A AF Zimmermann, Sergio Abgrall, Nicolas Bantel, Michael Moeller-Chan, Victoria Cromaz, Mario Grace, Carl Macchiavelli, Augusto GP IEEE TI Development of Next-Generation Nuclear Physics Integrated Readout Electronics for GRETINA SO 2013 IEEE NUCLEAR SCIENCE SYMPOSIUM AND MEDICAL IMAGING CONFERENCE (NSS/MIC) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 60th IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium (NSS) / Medical Imaging Conference (MIC) / 20th International Workshop on Room-Temperature Semiconductor X-ray and Gamma-ray Detectors CY OCT 27-NOV 02, 2013 CL Seoul, SOUTH KOREA SP IEEE, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Nucl & Plasma Sci Soc ID ARRAY GRETINA; DETECTORS; PERFORMANCE; RESOLUTION; NOISE AB Advances in nuclear structure studies using gammaray spectroscopy are being driven by large-volume, electrically-segmented germanium detectors such as the Gamma Ray Energy Tracking In-Beam Nuclear Array (GRETINA) and, in the future, GRETA. GRETINA employs 28 close-packed high-purity germanium detectors with 36 segments each assembled on a support structure covering 1-pi of the target position. GRETA will use the same type of detectors as GRETINA and it will cover the full 4-pi. To fully realize the potential of these detectors in terms of energy and position resolution, event rate and usability, a next-generation integrated readout electronics system is required with an emphasis on channel density, data throughput, low noise, low power and testability. Addressing these areas of research will have a positive impact in these large spectrometer arrays. The present research includes (a) the design and characterization of charge sensitive amplifier application specific integrated circuit (ASIC) for smaller dimension, lower noise and power dissipation, (b) design of a detector-mounted, low-power small form factor signal digitization to address issues in the analog-to-digital (ADC) linearity and to reduce the cable plant, including the design and characterization of a high speed ADC ASIC and (c) strategies to filter the microphonic noise using adaptive filtering. In this paper we will report the status of this research. Also, observe that although the target of this research is GRETINA, these approaches could be used in other Nuclear Science experiments. C1 [Zimmermann, Sergio; Abgrall, Nicolas; Bantel, Michael; Moeller-Chan, Victoria; Cromaz, Mario; Grace, Carl; Macchiavelli, Augusto] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Zimmermann, S (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM szimmermann@lbl.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH1123] FX This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH1123. NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4799-0534-8 PY 2013 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Engineering; Physics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA BB8OY UT WOS:000347163502069 ER PT S AU Lingnau, B Ludge, K Schull, E Chow, WW AF Lingnau, Benjamin Luedge, Kathy Schull, Eckehard Chow, Weng W. GP IEEE TI Microscopic versus alpha-factor descriptions of dynamics in quantum-dot lasers SO 2013 IEEE PHOTONICS CONFERENCE (IPC) SE IEEE Photonics Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 26th IEEE Photonics Conference (IPC) CY SEP 08-12, 2013 CL Bellevue, WA SP IEEE, Amer Chem Soc, Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Inst, IEEE Cloud Comp, LioniX ID SEMICONDUCTOR-LASERS AB Simulations using a microscopic, nonequilibrium, semiconductor laser model show that the long-established alpha-factor concept breaks down in quantum-dot lasers, especially under complex dynamic scenarios, such found during high-excitation or optical-injection operations. C1 [Lingnau, Benjamin; Luedge, Kathy; Schull, Eckehard] Tech Univ Berlin, Inst Theoret Phys, D-10623 Berlin, Germany. [Chow, Weng W.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Lingnau, B (reprint author), Tech Univ Berlin, Inst Theoret Phys, D-10623 Berlin, Germany. EM wwchow@sandia.gov NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2374-0140 BN 978-1-4577-1507-5 J9 IEEE PHOTON CONF PY 2013 BP 81 EP 82 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics SC Engineering; Optics GA BE2RE UT WOS:000369918000052 ER PT S AU Hu, S Zhao, Y Retterer, ST Kravchenko, II Weiss, SM AF Hu, S. Zhao, Y. Retterer, S. T. Kravchenko, I. I. Weiss, S. M. GP IEEE TI Photonic Crystal Biosensor with In-Situ Synthesized DNA Probes for Enhanced Sensitivity SO 2013 IEEE PHOTONICS CONFERENCE (IPC) SE IEEE Photonics Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 26th IEEE Photonics Conference (IPC) CY SEP 08-12, 2013 CL Bellevue, WA SP IEEE, Amer Chem Soc, Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Inst, IEEE Cloud Comp, LioniX DE Biosensor; DNA detection; Photonic crystal; Label-free; In-situ DNA synthesis ID SILICON; SENSOR AB We report on a nearly 8-fold increase in multi-hole defect photonic crystal biosensor response by incorporating in-situ synthesis of DNA probes, as compared to the conventional functionalization method employing pre-synthesized DNA probe immobilization. C1 [Hu, S.; Weiss, S. M.] Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. [Zhao, Y.; Weiss, S. M.] Vanderbilt Univ, Interdisciplinary Grad Program Mat Sci, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. [Retterer, S. T.; Kravchenko, I. I.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Nanophase Mat Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Weiss, S. M.] Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. RP Hu, S (reprint author), Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. RI Kravchenko, Ivan/K-3022-2015 OI Kravchenko, Ivan/0000-0003-4999-5822 NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2374-0140 BN 978-1-4577-1507-5 J9 IEEE PHOTON CONF PY 2013 BP 165 EP 166 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics SC Engineering; Optics GA BE2RE UT WOS:000369918000092 ER PT S AU Wierer, JJ AF Wierer, Jonathan J., Jr. GP IEEE TI The potential of III-nitride laser diodes as a future solid-state lighting source SO 2013 IEEE PHOTONICS CONFERENCE (IPC) SE IEEE Photonics Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 26th IEEE Photonics Conference (IPC) CY SEP 08-12, 2013 CL Bellevue, WA SP IEEE, Amer Chem Soc, Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Inst, IEEE Cloud Comp, LioniX C1 [Wierer, Jonathan J., Jr.] Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Wierer, JJ (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2374-0140 BN 978-1-4577-1507-5 J9 IEEE PHOTON CONF PY 2013 BP 173 EP 173 PG 1 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics SC Engineering; Optics GA BE2RE UT WOS:000369918000096 ER PT S AU Peters, DW Davids, PS Kim, JK Leonhardt, D Wendt, JR Reinke, CM AF Peters, David W. Davids, Paul S. Kim, Jin K. Leonhardt, Darin Wendt, Joel R. Reinke, Charles M. GP IEEE TI Plasmonics and Nanoantennas for Infrared Detectors SO 2013 IEEE PHOTONICS CONFERENCE (IPC) SE IEEE Photonics Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 26th IEEE Photonics Conference (IPC) CY SEP 08-12, 2013 CL Bellevue, WA SP IEEE, Amer Chem Soc, Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Inst, IEEE Cloud Comp, LioniX AB Detectors that take full advantage of the energy confinement offered by surface waves could have significant performance advantages in dark current and optical functionality. We use a subwavelength patterned metal nanoantenna structure to convert incoming plane waves to these surface waves. C1 [Peters, David W.; Davids, Paul S.; Kim, Jin K.; Leonhardt, Darin; Wendt, Joel R.; Reinke, Charles M.] Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800 M-S 1082, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Peters, DW (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800 M-S 1082, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM dwpeter@sandia.gov NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2374-0140 BN 978-1-4577-1507-5 J9 IEEE PHOTON CONF PY 2013 BP 341 EP 342 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics SC Engineering; Optics GA BE2RE UT WOS:000369918000174 ER PT S AU Wu, CZ Khanal, S Kumar, S Reno, JL AF Wu, Chongzhao Khanal, Sudeep Kumar, Sushil Reno, John L. GP IEEE TI Antenna-coupled THz quantum cascade lasers for high-power emission SO 2013 IEEE PHOTONICS CONFERENCE (IPC) SE IEEE Photonics Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 26th IEEE Photonics Conference (IPC) CY SEP 08-12, 2013 CL Bellevue, WA SP IEEE, Amer Chem Soc, Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Inst, IEEE Cloud Comp, LioniX AB A distributed antenna-coupling scheme for THz quantum cascade lasers is introduced. Single-mode emission in a narrow beam pattern, with an order of magnitude increase in output power is predicted compared to previous distributed-feedback schemes. C1 [Wu, Chongzhao; Khanal, Sudeep; Kumar, Sushil] Lehigh Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Bethlehem, PA 18015 USA. [Reno, John L.] Sandia Natl Labs, Ctr Integrated Nanotechnol, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Wu, CZ (reprint author), Lehigh Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Bethlehem, PA 18015 USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2374-0140 BN 978-1-4577-1507-5 J9 IEEE PHOTON CONF PY 2013 BP 462 EP 463 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics SC Engineering; Optics GA BE2RE UT WOS:000369918000229 ER PT S AU Nejdl, J Howlett, ID Monserut, N Paterson, D Anderson, EH Chao, W Marconi, MC Rocca, JJ Menoni, CS AF Nejdl, Jaroslav Howlett, Isela D. Monserut, N. Paterson, D. Anderson, Erik H. Chao, W. Marconi, Mario C. Rocca, Jorge J. Menoni, Carmen S. GP IEEE TI Nanoscale Resolution Image Plane Holographic Microscopy SO 2013 IEEE PHOTONICS CONFERENCE (IPC) SE IEEE Photonics Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 26th IEEE Photonics Conference (IPC) CY SEP 08-12, 2013 CL Bellevue, WA SP IEEE, Amer Chem Soc, Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Inst, IEEE Cloud Comp, LioniX ID X-RAY LASER AB We demonstrate nanoscale spatial resolution image plane holographic microscopy at extreme ultraviolet wavelengths. We show the advantages of the method for imaging test pattern samples with an absorption contrast of similar to 30%. C1 [Nejdl, Jaroslav; Howlett, Isela D.; Monserut, N.; Paterson, D.; Anderson, Erik H.; Chao, W.; Marconi, Mario C.; Rocca, Jorge J.; Menoni, Carmen S.] Natl Sci Fdn, Engn Res Ctr Extreme Ultraviolet Sci & Technol, 4201 Wilson Blvd, Arlington, VA 22230 USA. [Howlett, Isela D.; Monserut, N.; Marconi, Mario C.; Rocca, Jorge J.; Menoni, Carmen S.] Colorado State Univ, Elect & Comp Engn, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Paterson, D.; Anderson, Erik H.; Chao, W.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Ctr Xray Opt, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Nejdl, Jaroslav] Czech Tech Univ, FNSPE, Prague 11519, Czech Republic. RP Menoni, CS (reprint author), Natl Sci Fdn, Engn Res Ctr Extreme Ultraviolet Sci & Technol, 4201 Wilson Blvd, Arlington, VA 22230 USA. EM Carmen.Menoni@colostate.edu OI Howlett, Isela/0000-0003-0555-4005 NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2374-0140 BN 978-1-4577-1507-5 J9 IEEE PHOTON CONF PY 2013 BP 602 EP 603 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics SC Engineering; Optics GA BE2RE UT WOS:000369918000294 ER PT S AU Malm, EB Monserud, NC Wachulak, PW Xu, HW Balakrishnan, G Chao, WL Anderson, E Marconi, MC AF Malm, Erik B. Monserud, Nils C. Wachulak, Przemyslaw W. Xu, Huiwen Balakrishnan, Ganesh Chao, Weilun Anderson, Erik Marconi, Mario C. GP IEEE TI Time resolved extreme ultraviolet Fourier transform holography SO 2013 IEEE PHOTONICS CONFERENCE (IPC) SE IEEE Photonics Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 26th IEEE Photonics Conference (IPC) CY SEP 08-12, 2013 CL Bellevue, WA SP IEEE, Amer Chem Soc, Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Inst, IEEE Cloud Comp, LioniX ID RESOLUTION AB We demonstrate single-shot Fourier transform holography with the use of a tabletop extreme ultraviolet laser with spatial resolution of 169 nm. C1 [Malm, Erik B.; Monserud, Nils C.; Marconi, Mario C.] Colorado State Univ, NSF ERC Extreme Ultraviolet Sci & Technol & Elect, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Wachulak, Przemyslaw W.] Mil Univ Technol, Inst Optoelect, Warsaw, Poland. [Xu, Huiwen; Balakrishnan, Ganesh] Univ New Mexico, Ctr High Technol Mat, Albuquerque, NM 87106 USA. [Xu, Huiwen; Balakrishnan, Ganesh] Univ New Mexico, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Albuquerque, NM 87106 USA. [Chao, Weilun; Anderson, Erik] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Ctr Xray Opt, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Malm, EB (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, NSF ERC Extreme Ultraviolet Sci & Technol & Elect, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2374-0140 BN 978-1-4577-1507-5 J9 IEEE PHOTON CONF PY 2013 BP 604 EP 605 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics SC Engineering; Optics GA BE2RE UT WOS:000369918000295 ER PT S AU Li, W Martinez-Esquiroz, V Urbanski, L Patel, D Menoni, CS Marconi, MC Stein, A AF Li, W. Martinez-Esquiroz, V. Urbanski, L. Patel, D. Menoni, C. S. Marconi, M. C. Stein, A. GP IEEE TI Defect-free fabrication of periodic structures using extreme ultraviolet Talbot lithography SO 2013 IEEE PHOTONICS CONFERENCE (IPC) SE IEEE Photonics Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 26th IEEE Photonics Conference (IPC) CY SEP 08-12, 2013 CL Bellevue, WA SP IEEE, Amer Chem Soc, Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Inst, IEEE Cloud Comp, LioniX AB We present a defect-free scalable nano-patterning scheme based on the Talbot effect with extreme ultraviolet laser illumination. C1 [Li, W.; Martinez-Esquiroz, V.; Urbanski, L.; Patel, D.; Menoni, C. S.; Marconi, M. C.] Colorado State Univ, Engn Res Ctr Extreme Ultraviolet Sci & Technol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Li, W.; Martinez-Esquiroz, V.; Urbanski, L.; Patel, D.; Menoni, C. S.; Marconi, M. C.] Colorado State Univ, Elect & Comp Engn Dept, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Stein, A.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Ctr Funct Nanomat, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Li, W (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Engn Res Ctr Extreme Ultraviolet Sci & Technol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. EM urbanski@engr.colostate.edu NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2374-0140 BN 978-1-4577-1507-5 J9 IEEE PHOTON CONF PY 2013 BP 635 EP 636 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics SC Engineering; Optics GA BE2RE UT WOS:000369918000311 ER PT S AU Cho, SY Briscoe, JL Hansen, IA Smith, JK Chang, Y Brener, I AF Cho, Sang-Yeon Briscoe, Jayson L. Hansen, Immo A. Smith, Jesse K. Chang, Yoomi Brener, Igal GP IEEE TI Label-Free Plasmonic Immunosensing for Plasmodium in Whole Blood SO 2013 IEEE SENSORS SE IEEE Sensors LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th IEEE Sensors Conference CY NOV 03-06, 2013 CL Baltimore, MD SP IEEE, IEEE Sensors Council ID OF-CARE DIAGNOSTICS; REAL-TIME; SURFACE; RESONANCE; TRANSMISSION; FILMS; BIOSENSOR; MALARIA; SENSORS; BINDING AB We present the first experimental demonstration of label-free malaria pathogen detection in whole blood lysate using plasmon nanostructures. Previous studies on plasmonic biosensing have measured antibody-antigen binding, protein-protein interactions, and detection of bacteria. However, unlike our sensor, many of these works rely on complex optical setups to excite surface plasmon waves. The demonstrated plasmon sensor is a compact, highly sensitive, cost effective, selective diagnostic tool for many portable biosensing applications such as point-of-care diagnostics. To achieve malaria pathogen detection, we utilized a highly site-directed and stable antibody immobilization process on the nanostructure's surface. The measured refractive index sensitivity of the nanostructured sensor is 378 nm/RIU in the visible range. Introduction C1 [Cho, Sang-Yeon; Briscoe, Jayson L.] New Mexico State Univ, Klipsch Sch Elect & Comp Engn, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. [Hansen, Immo A.; Smith, Jesse K.] New Mexico State Univ, Dept Biol, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. [Hansen, Immo A.; Smith, Jesse K.] New Mexico State Univ, Inst Appl Biosci, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. [Chang, Yoomi] New Mexico State Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. [Brener, Igal] Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Brener, Igal] Ctr Integrated Nanotechnol, Albuquerque, NM USA. RP Cho, SY (reprint author), New Mexico State Univ, Klipsch Sch Elect & Comp Engn, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. EM sangycho@nmsu.edu NR 33 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1930-0395 BN 978-1-4673-4642-9 J9 IEEE SENSOR PY 2013 BP 25 EP 28 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Remote Sensing SC Engineering; Remote Sensing GA BF0XP UT WOS:000379846100008 ER PT S AU Suthar, KJ Sankaranarayanan, SKRS Richardson, M Bhethanabotla, VR AF Suthar, Kamlesh J. Sankaranarayanan, Subramanian K. R. S. Richardson, Mandek Bhethanabotla, Venkat R. GP IEEE TI Liquid Heating Can Cause Denaturation of Sensing Layer in SAW Biosensors SO 2013 IEEE SENSORS SE IEEE Sensors LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th IEEE Sensors Conference CY NOV 03-06, 2013 CL Baltimore, MD SP IEEE, IEEE Sensors Council DE Liquid heating; Acoustic streaming; SAW; Biofouling; Finite element method AB The acoustic streaming phenomenon, i.e., fluid motion induced from high intensity sound waves, can be used effectively to remove nonspecifically bound proteins to allow reuse of SAW biosensors. While the streaming effect is clearly beneficial, this longitudinal irradiation into the fluid medium can also be accompanied by a corresponding temperature rise of the fluid near the SAW interface due to viscous dissipation, which can lead to denaturation of biosensing layer. Finite element solution of coupled wave propagation (piezoelectric domain) and Navier-Stokes equation (fluid domain) in conjunction with the energy balance equations were used to model the temperature rise of a liquid loading on top of a SAW device. Based on the temperature profiles, we identify the conditions that preserve the activity of the sensing layer as well as those leading to significant heating of the fluid domain. Our computational study highlights the fact that such increase in temperatures of the interfacial liquid layer can have significant implications for designing reusable and highly sensitive biosensors. C1 [Suthar, Kamlesh J.; Sankaranarayanan, Subramanian K. R. S.] Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Nanoscale Mat, Argonne, IL 60459 USA. [Richardson, Mandek; Bhethanabotla, Venkat R.] Univ S Florida, Dept Chem & Biomed Engn, Sensors Res Lab, Tampa, FL 33620 USA. RP Suthar, KJ (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Nanoscale Mat, Argonne, IL 60459 USA. EM suthar@anl.gov; skrssank@anl.gov; mbrichar@mail.usf.edu; bhethana@usf.edu NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1930-0395 BN 978-1-4673-4642-9 J9 IEEE SENSOR PY 2013 BP 1019 EP 1022 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Remote Sensing SC Engineering; Remote Sensing GA BF0XP UT WOS:000379846100245 ER PT S AU Sumant, AV AF Sumant, Anirudha V. GP IEEE TI Ultrananocrystalline Diamond: New Opportunities for the Fabrication of Novel Sensors SO 2013 IEEE SENSORS SE IEEE Sensors LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th IEEE Sensors Conference CY NOV 03-06, 2013 CL Baltimore, MD SP IEEE, IEEE Sensors Council DE Ultrananocrystalline diamond; nanowire ID FILMS C1 [Sumant, Anirudha V.] Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Nanoscale Mat, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Sumant, AV (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Nanoscale Mat, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1930-0395 BN 978-1-4673-4642-9 J9 IEEE SENSOR PY 2013 BP 1274 EP 1274 PG 1 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Remote Sensing SC Engineering; Remote Sensing GA BF0XP UT WOS:000379846100306 ER PT S AU Greve, DW Oppenheim, IJ Chorpening, BT Charley, J AF Greve, D. W. Oppenheim, I. J. Chorpening, B. T. Charley, J. GP IEEE TI Microwave Doppler flow sensor for chemical looping combustion systems SO 2013 IEEE SENSORS SE IEEE Sensors LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th IEEE Sensors Conference CY NOV 03-06, 2013 CL Baltimore, MD SP IEEE, IEEE Sensors Council AB We report on the development of a microwave Doppler sensor designed for the measurement of mass flow rates of oxygen carrier particles in a chemical looping combustion system. The high temperature and pressure in the combustion system imposes difficult constraints on the sensor design. We describe a recently developed microwave launcher and report recent room-temperature testing of the microwave electronics. A novel approach for real-time analysis of the sensor output is described and demonstrated. We will show independent extraction of the stream velocity and the mass density. C1 [Greve, D. W.] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. [Oppenheim, I. J.] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. [Greve, D. W.; Oppenheim, I. J.; Chorpening, B. T.; Charley, J.] Natl Energy Technol Lab, Morgantown, WV 26507 USA. [Charley, J.] URS Corp, Morgantown, WV 26507 USA. RP Greve, DW (reprint author), Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. EM dg07@andrew.cmu.edu NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1930-0395 BN 978-1-4673-4642-9 J9 IEEE SENSOR PY 2013 BP 1651 EP 1654 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Remote Sensing SC Engineering; Remote Sensing GA BF0XP UT WOS:000379846100403 ER PT S AU Briscoe, JL Cho, SY Brener, I AF Briscoe, Jayson L. Cho, Sang-Yeon Brener, Igal GP IEEE TI Defect-Assisted Plasmonic Sensing SO 2013 IEEE SENSORS SE IEEE Sensors LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th IEEE Sensors Conference CY NOV 03-06, 2013 CL Baltimore, MD SP IEEE, IEEE Sensors Council ID REAL-TIME; SURFACE; RESONANCE; SENSORS; NANOSTRUCTURE; BIOSENSOR; BINDING AB We report on a new class of plasmonic nanosensor which combines extraordinary optical transmission and resonance within structural defects in a plasmonic crystal. Resonant modes within the defect increase plasmon wave lifetime leading to enhanced light-analyte interactions. Initial sensitivity characterization was performed and simple linear regression analysis determines sensitivity to be 501nm.RIU-1, showing improvement over traditional nanohole array sensors. C1 [Briscoe, Jayson L.; Cho, Sang-Yeon] New Mexico State Univ, Klipsch Sch Elect & Comp Engn, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. [Brener, Igal] Ctr Integrated Nanotechnol, Albuquerque, NM USA. [Brener, Igal] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Cho, SY (reprint author), New Mexico State Univ, Klipsch Sch Elect & Comp Engn, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. EM sangycho@nmsu.edu NR 24 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1930-0395 BN 978-1-4673-4642-9 J9 IEEE SENSOR PY 2013 BP 1677 EP 1679 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Remote Sensing SC Engineering; Remote Sensing GA BF0XP UT WOS:000379846100409 ER PT S AU Al Mamun, KA Tulip, FS MacArthur, K McFarlane, N Islam, SK Hensley, D Kravchenko, II AF Al Mamun, Khandaker A. Tulip, Fahmida S. MacArthur, Kimberly McFarlane, Nicole Islam, Syed K. Hensley, Dale Kravchenko, Ivan I. GP IEEE TI A Robust VACNF Platform for Electrochemical Biosensor SO 2013 IEEE SENSORS SE IEEE Sensors LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th IEEE Sensors Conference CY NOV 03-06, 2013 CL Baltimore, MD SP IEEE, IEEE Sensors Council ID ALIGNED CARBON NANOFIBERS AB Vertically aligned carbon nanofiber (VACNF) is a promising electrode structure for electrochemical biosensor platform. In this paper, we address the mechanical stability and reusability issues of VACNF arrays. We demonstrate that improvement in mechanical stability requires special attention to surface treatment. We show that a thin SU8 layer on nanofiber forest forms a flexible passive layer at the base of the array and that wet etching works best to remove the passive layer from the VACNF tips. The optimum time for wet etching was found to be 2-3 minutes. We show that SU8 treated VACNF arrays have improved signal-to-noise response compared to the untreated bare VACNF arrays. C1 [Al Mamun, Khandaker A.; Tulip, Fahmida S.; MacArthur, Kimberly; McFarlane, Nicole; Islam, Syed K.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Hensley, Dale; Kravchenko, Ivan I.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Nanophase Mat Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Al Mamun, KA (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM kmamun@utk.edu RI Kravchenko, Ivan/K-3022-2015 OI Kravchenko, Ivan/0000-0003-4999-5822 NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1930-0395 BN 978-1-4673-4642-9 J9 IEEE SENSOR PY 2013 BP 1783 EP 1786 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Remote Sensing SC Engineering; Remote Sensing GA BF0XP UT WOS:000379846100433 ER PT S AU Lorek, MC Chraim, F Pister, KSJ Lanzisera, S AF Lorek, Michael C. Chraim, Fabien Pister, Kristofer S. J. Lanzisera, Steven GP IEEE TI COTS-Based Stick-on Electricity Meters for Building Submetering SO 2013 IEEE SENSORS SE IEEE Sensors LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th IEEE Sensors Conference CY NOV 03-06, 2013 CL Baltimore, MD SP IEEE, IEEE Sensors Council AB We demonstrate a low-cost, 21 x 12 mm prototype Stick-on Electricity Meter (SEM) PCB to replace traditional in-circuit-breaker-panel current and voltage sensors for building submetering. A SEM sensor is installed on the external face of a circuit breaker to generate voltage and current signals at a 960 Hz sample rate. This allows for the computation of real and apparent power as well as capturing harmonics created by non-linear loads. The prototype sensor is built using commercially available components, resulting in a component cost of under $10 per SEM in moderate quantities. With no high-voltage install work requiring an electrician, this leads to an installed system cost that is roughly ten times lower than traditional submetering technology. Measurement results from lab characterization as well as a real-world residential dwelling installation are presented, verifying the operation of our proposed SEM sensor. The SEM sensor can resolve breaker power levels below 10W and consumes approximately 16 mA from a 5V supply. C1 [Lorek, Michael C.; Chraim, Fabien; Pister, Kristofer S. J.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Berkeley Sensor & Actuator Ctr, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Lorek, Michael C.; Lanzisera, Steven] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Environm Energy Technol Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Lorek, MC (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Berkeley Sensor & Actuator Ctr, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM mlorek@eecs.berkeley.edu NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1930-0395 BN 978-1-4673-4642-9 J9 IEEE SENSOR PY 2013 BP 1839 EP 1842 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Remote Sensing SC Engineering; Remote Sensing GA BF0XP UT WOS:000379846100447 ER PT S AU Moro, EA Briggs, ME Hull, LM AF Moro, Erik A. Briggs, Matthew E. Hull, Lawrence M. GP IEEE TI A Comparison of Techniques for Extracting Transverse Speed from Photon Doppler Velocimetry Signal Content SO 2013 IEEE SENSORS SE IEEE Sensors LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th IEEE Sensors Conference CY NOV 03-06, 2013 CL Baltimore, MD SP IEEE, IEEE Sensors Council ID SPECKLES AB We recently demonstrated that a single optical probe is capable of simultaneously measuring a surface's velocity along the beam axis and its speed transverse to the beam axis. Doppler shifts in the measured data are related to axial motion, while intensity fluctuations, induced by speckle dynamics, are related to transverse motion. While it is readily apparent that speckle dynamics manifest themselves in the measured data, the ability to extract transverse speed from a particular (speckle-induced) signal feature is feature-dependent. In this paper, we relate a signal's coherence, variance, and frequency content to surface dynamics, in an effort to determine the suitability of each of these features for calculating transverse motion (classification release number: LA-UR 13-26315). C1 [Moro, Erik A.; Briggs, Matthew E.; Hull, Lawrence M.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, WX Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Moro, EA (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, WX Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM moro@lanl.gov NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1930-0395 BN 978-1-4673-4642-9 J9 IEEE SENSOR PY 2013 BP 1936 EP 1939 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Remote Sensing SC Engineering; Remote Sensing GA BF0XP UT WOS:000379846100471 ER PT S AU Aksanli, B Venkatesh, J Rosing, T Monga, I AF Aksanli, Baris Venkatesh, Jagannathan Rosing, Tajana Monga, Inder GP IEEE TI A Comprehensive Approach to Reduce the Energy Cost of Network of Datacenters SO 2013 IEEE SYMPOSIUM ON COMPUTERS AND COMMUNICATIONS (ISCC) SE IEEE Symposium on Computers and Communications ISCC LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 18th IEEE Symposium on Computers and Communications (ISCC) CY JUL 07-10, 2013 CL Univ Split, Split, CROATIA SP IEEE, IEEE Comp Soc, IEEE Commun Soc, IEEE Hrvatska Sekcija, Fdn Acad HO Univ Split DE Datacenter; energy; green energy; job migration AB Several studies have proposed job migration over the wide area network (WAN) to reduce the energy of networks of datacenters by taking advantage of different electricity prices and load demands. Each study focuses on only a small subset of network parameters and thus their results may have large errors. For example, datacenters usually have long-term power contracts instead of paying market prices. However, previous work neglects these contracts, thus overestimating the energy savings by 2.3x. We present a comprehensive approach to minimize the energy cost of networks of datacenters by modeling performance of the workloads, power contracts, local renewable energy sources, different routing options for WAN and future router technologies. Our method can reduce the energy cost of datacenters by up to 28%, while reducing the error in the energy cost estimation by 2.6x. C1 [Aksanli, Baris; Venkatesh, Jagannathan; Rosing, Tajana] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Comp Sci & Engn, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Monga, Inder] LBNL, Energy Sci Network, Berkeley, CA USA. RP Aksanli, B (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Comp Sci & Engn, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. EM baksanli@ucsd.edu; jvenkate@ucsd.edu; tajana@ucsd.edu; imonga@lbl.gov NR 23 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1530-1346 BN 978-1-4799-3755-4 J9 IEEE SYMP COMP COMMU PY 2013 PG 6 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Telecommunications SC Computer Science; Telecommunications GA BC3YN UT WOS:000352089400043 ER PT S AU Bermejo-Moreno, I Bodart, J Larsson, J Barney, BM Nichols, JW Jones, S AF Bermejo-Moreno, Ivan Bodart, Julien Larsson, Johan Barney, Blaise M. Nichols, Joseph W. Jones, Steve GP IEEE TI Solving the compressible Navier-Stokes equations on up to 1.97 million cores and 4.1 trillion grid points SO 2013 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE FOR HIGH PERFORMANCE COMPUTING, NETWORKING, STORAGE AND ANALYSIS (SC) SE International Conference for High Performance Computing Networking Storage and Analysis LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference for High Performance Computing, Networking, Storage and Analysis (SC) CY NOV 17-22, 2013 CL Denver, CO SP Assoc Comp Machinery, IEEE Comp Soc DE Compressible turbulence; high-performance computing; Direct Numerical Simulation; Navier-Stokes; shock waves ID SHOCK-TURBULENCE INTERACTION; DIRECT NUMERICAL-SIMULATION; ISOTROPIC TURBULENCE; REYNOLDS AB We present weak and strong scaling studies as well as performance analyses of the Hybrid code, a finite-difference solver of the compressible Navier-Stokes equations on structured grids used for the direct numerical simulation of isotropic turbulence and its interaction with shock waves. Parallelization is achieved through MPI, emphasizing the use of non-blocking communication with concurrent computation. The simulations, scaling and performance studies were done on the Sequoia, Vulcan and Vesta Blue Gene/Q systems, the first two accounting for a total of 1,966,080 cores when used in combination. The maximum number of grid points simulated was 4.12 trillion, with a memory usage of approximately 1.6 PB. We discuss the use of hyperthreading, which significantly improves the parallel performance of the code on this architecture. C1 [Bermejo-Moreno, Ivan; Bodart, Julien; Nichols, Joseph W.] Stanford Univ, Ctr Turbulence Res, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Barney, Blaise M.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Larsson, Johan] Univ Maryland, Dept Engn Mech, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Jones, Steve] Stanford Univ, HPC Univ, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. RP Bermejo-Moreno, I (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Ctr Turbulence Res, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. EM ibermejo@stanford.edu; jbodart@stanford.edu; jola@umd.edu; blaiseb@llnl.gov; jwn@stanford.edu; stevejones@stanford.edu RI Bermejo-Moreno, Ivan/I-4898-2016; Larsson, Johan/B-9543-2017 OI Bermejo-Moreno, Ivan/0000-0002-8810-0000; Larsson, Johan/0000-0001-8387-1933 FU Advanced Simulation and Computing (ASC); National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA); Department of Energy FX The Sequoia and Vulcan IBM BG/Q systems at (LLNL) are funded by the Advanced Simulation and Computing (ASC) Program of the National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA). Access to Sequoia and Vulcan clusters was provided through the Predictive Science Academic Alliance Program (PSAAP). Access to Vesta was provided through the AURORA discretionary program. The Hybrid code was originally written by Johan Larsson when he was a Postdoctoral Fellow and Research Associate at the Center for Turbulence Research under the SciDAC program. Financial support from the Department of Energy is acknowledged. NR 19 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 4 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2167-4329 BN 978-1-4503-2378-9 J9 INT CONF HIGH PERFOR PY 2013 DI 10.1145/2503210.2503265 PG 10 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BB7OY UT WOS:000345856900063 ER PT S AU Bhatele, A Mohror, K Langer, SH Isaacs, KE AF Bhatele, Abhinav Mohror, Kathryn Langer, Steven H. Isaacs, Katherine E. GP IEEE TI There Goes the Neighborhood: Performance Degradation due to Nearby Jobs SO 2013 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE FOR HIGH PERFORMANCE COMPUTING, NETWORKING, STORAGE AND ANALYSIS (SC) SE International Conference for High Performance Computing Networking Storage and Analysis LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference for High Performance Computing, Networking, Storage and Analysis (SC) CY NOV 17-22, 2013 CL Denver, CO SP Assoc Comp Machinery, IEEE Comp Soc DE resource management; torus networks; interference; system noise; communication performance ID SCATTERING AB Predictable performance is important for understanding and alleviating application performance issues; quantifying the effects of source code, compiler, or system software changes; estimating the time required for batch jobs; and determining the allocation requests for proposals. Our experiments show that on a Cray XE system, the execution time of a communication-heavy parallel application ranges from 28% faster to 41% slower than the average observed performance. Blue Gene systems, on the other hand, demonstrate no noticeable run-to-run variability. In this paper, we focus on Cray machines and investigate potential causes for performance variability such as OS jitter, shape of the allocated partition, and interference from other jobs sharing the same network links. Reducing such variability could improve overall throughput at a computer center and save energy costs. C1 [Bhatele, Abhinav; Mohror, Kathryn; Langer, Steven H.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. [Isaacs, Katherine E.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Comp Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Bhatele, A (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM bhatele@llnl.gov; kathryn@llnl.gov; langer1@llnl.gov; keisaacs@ucdavis.edu NR 17 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2167-4329 BN 978-1-4503-2378-9 J9 INT CONF HIGH PERFOR PY 2013 DI 10.1145/2503210.2503247 PG 12 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BB7OY UT WOS:000345856900042 ER PT S AU Boman, EG Devine, KD Rajamanickam, S AF Boman, Erik G. Devine, Karen D. Rajamanickam, Sivasankaran GP IEEE TI Scalable Matrix Computations on Large Scale-Free Graphs Using 2D Graph Partitioning SO 2013 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE FOR HIGH PERFORMANCE COMPUTING, NETWORKING, STORAGE AND ANALYSIS (SC) SE International Conference for High Performance Computing Networking Storage and Analysis LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference for High Performance Computing, Networking, Storage and Analysis (SC) CY NOV 17-22, 2013 CL Denver, CO SP Assoc Comp Machinery, IEEE Comp Soc DE parallel computing; graph partitioning; scale-free graphs; sparse matrix-vector multiplication; two-dimensional distribution ID VECTOR MULTIPLICATION; PARALLEL; ZOLTAN AB Scalable parallel computing is essential for processing large scale-free (power-law) graphs. The distribution of data across processes becomes important on distributed-memory computers with thousands of cores. It has been shown that two-dimensional layouts (edge partitioning) can have significant advantages over traditional one-dimensional layouts. However, simple 2D block distribution does not use the structure of the graph, and more advanced 2D partitioning methods are too expensive for large graphs. We propose a new two-dimensional partitioning algorithm that combines graph partitioning with 2D block distribution. The computational cost of the algorithm is essentially the same as 1D graph partitioning. We study the performance of sparse matrix-vector multiplication (SpMV) for scale-free graphs from the web and social networks using several different partitioners and both 1D and 2D data layouts. We show that SpMV run time is reduced by exploiting the graph's structure. Contrary to popular belief, we observe that current graph and hypergraph partitioners often yield relatively good partitions on scale-free graphs. We demonstrate that our new 2D partitioning method consistently outperforms the other methods considered, for both SpMV and an eigensolver, on matrices with up to 1.6 billion nonzeros using up to 16,384 cores. C1 [Boman, Erik G.; Devine, Karen D.; Rajamanickam, Sivasankaran] Sandia Natl Labs, Scalable Algorithms Dept, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Boman, EG (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Scalable Algorithms Dept, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM egboman@sandia.gov; kddevin@sandia.gov; srajama@sandia.gov NR 33 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2167-4329 BN 978-1-4503-2378-9 J9 INT CONF HIGH PERFOR PY 2013 DI 10.1145/2503210.2503293 PG 12 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BB7OY UT WOS:000345856900051 ER PT S AU Boyle, P Buchoff, MI Christ, N Lzubuchi, T Jung, C Luu, TC Mawhinney, R Schroeder, C Soltz, R Vranas, P Wasem, J AF Boyle, Peter Buchoff, Michael I. Christ, Norman Lzubuchi, Taku Jung, Chulwoo Luu, Thomas C. Mawhinney, Robert Schroeder, Chris Soltz, Ron Vranas, Pavlos Wasem, Joseph GP IEEE TI The Origin of Mass SO 2013 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE FOR HIGH PERFORMANCE COMPUTING, NETWORKING, STORAGE AND ANALYSIS (SC) SE International Conference for High Performance Computing Networking Storage and Analysis LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference for High Performance Computing, Networking, Storage and Analysis (SC) CY NOV 17-22, 2013 CL Denver, CO SP Assoc Comp Machinery, IEEE Comp Soc DE SC13 proceedings ID DYNAMICAL SYMMETRY-BREAKING; CHIRAL-SYMMETRY; GAUGE-THEORIES; LATTICE; FERMIONS AB The origin of mass is one of the deepest mysteries in science. Neutrons and protons, which account for almost all visible mass in the Universe, emerged from a primordial plasma through a cataclysmic phase transition microseconds after the Big Bang. However, most mass in the Universe is invisible. The existence of dark matter, which interacts with our world so weakly that it is essentially undetectable, has been established from its galactic-scale gravitational effects. Here we describe results from the first truly physical calculations of the cosmic phase transition and a groundbreaking first-principles investigation into composite dark matter, studies impossible with previous state-of-the-art methods and resources. By inventing a powerful new algorithm, "DSDR," and implementing it effectively for contemporary supercomputers, we attain excellent strong scaling, perfect weak scaling to the LLNL BlueGene/Q two million cores, sustained speed of 7.2 petaflops, and time-to-solution speedup of more than 200 over the previous state-of-the-art. C1 [Boyle, Peter] Univ Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9YL, Midlothian, Scotland. [Buchoff, Michael I.; Luu, Thomas C.; Schroeder, Chris; Soltz, Ron; Vranas, Pavlos; Wasem, Joseph] LLNL, Livermore, CA USA. [Christ, Norman] Columbia Univ, New York, NY 10027 USA. [Lzubuchi, Taku; Jung, Chulwoo] BNL, Foxboro, MA USA. RP Boyle, P (reprint author), Univ Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9YL, Midlothian, Scotland. EM paboyle@ph.ed.ac.uk; buchoff1@llnl.gov; nhc@phys.columbia.edu; izubuchi@bnl.gov; chulwoo@physics.columbia.edu; luu5@llnl.gov; rdm@physics.columbia.edu; schroeder10@llnl.gov; soltz@llnl.gov; vranas2@llnl.gov; wasem2@llnl.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy; LLNL [DE-AC52-07NA27344]; LLNL LDRD "Unlocking the Universe with High Performance Computing" [10-ERD-033]; LLNL LDRD "Illuminating the Dark Universe with Petaflops Supercomputing" [13-ERD-023] FX The work of MB, TL, CS, RS, PV, and JW was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by LLNL under Contract No. DE-AC52-07NA27344. This research was partially supported by the LLNL LDRD "Unlocking the Universe with High Performance Computing" 10-ERD-033 and by the LLNL LDRD "Illuminating the Dark Universe with Petaflops Supercomputing" 13-ERD-023. Some of the tests were performed using the STFC funded DiRAC facility at Edinburgh. We warmly thank the staff of the Computation Directorate at LLNL for providing early access and assistance to the Sequoia and Vulcan supercomputers. We also wish to warmly thank the Blue Gene IBM team for useful conversations and support. NR 36 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2167-4329 BN 978-1-4503-2378-9 J9 INT CONF HIGH PERFOR PY 2013 DI 10.1145/2503210.2504561 PG 10 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BB7OY UT WOS:000345856900005 ER PT S AU Buck, J Watkins, N Levin, G Crume, A Ioannidou, K Brandt, S Maltzahn, C Polyzotis, N Torres, A AF Buck, Joe Watkins, Noah Levin, Greg Crume, Adam Ioannidou, Kleoni Brandt, Scott Maltzahn, Carlos Polyzotis, Neoklis Torres, Aaron GP IEEE TI SIDR: Structure-Aware Intelligent Data Routing in Hadoop SO 2013 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE FOR HIGH PERFORMANCE COMPUTING, NETWORKING, STORAGE AND ANALYSIS (SC) SE International Conference for High Performance Computing Networking Storage and Analysis LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference for High Performance Computing, Networking, Storage and Analysis (SC) CY NOV 17-22, 2013 CL Denver, CO SP Assoc Comp Machinery, IEEE Comp Soc AB The MapReduce framework is being extended for domains quite different from the web applications for which it was designed, including the processing of big structured data, e.g., scientific and financial data. Previous work using MapReduce to process scientific data ignores existing structure when assigning intermediate data and scheduling tasks. In this paper, we present a method for incorporating knowledge of the structure of scientific data and executing query into the MapReduce communication model. Built in SciHadoop, a version of the Hadoop MapReduce framework for scientific data, SIDR intelligently partitions and routes intermediate data, allowing it to: remove Hadoop's global barrier and execute Reduce tasks prior to all Map tasks completing; minimize intermediate key skew; and produce early, correct results. SIDR executes queries up to 2.5 times faster than Hadoop and 37% faster than SciHadoop; produces initial results with only 6% of the query completed; and produces dense, contiguous output. C1 [Buck, Joe; Watkins, Noah; Levin, Greg; Crume, Adam; Ioannidou, Kleoni; Brandt, Scott; Maltzahn, Carlos; Polyzotis, Neoklis] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Comp Sci, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Torres, Aaron] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Buck, J (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Comp Sci, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. EM buck@cs.ucsc.edu; jayhawk@cs.ucsc.edu; glevin@cs.ucsc.edu; adamcrume@cs.ucsc.edu; kleoni@cs.ucsc.edu; scott@cs.ucsc.edu; carlosm@cs.ucsc.edu; alkis@cs.ucsc.edu; agtorre@lanl.gov FU DOE [DESC0005428]; NSF [10189 14] FX We would like to thank our collaborators: Meghan (Wingate) McClelland, Gary Grider, and James Nunez at Los Alamos National Laboratory; Maya Gokhale at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory; John Bent at EMC; Russ Rew at Unidata; and our colleagues in the Systems Research Lab and Institute for Scalable Scientific Data Management at UC - Santa Cruz. Funding provided by DOE grant DESC0005428 and (partially) NSF grant #10189 14. NR 32 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2167-4329 BN 978-1-4503-2378-9 J9 INT CONF HIGH PERFOR PY 2013 DI 10.1145/2503210.2503241 PG 12 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BB7OY UT WOS:000345856900074 ER PT S AU Bussmann, M Burau, H Cowan, TE Debus, A Huebl, A Juckeland, G Kluge, T Nagel, WE Pausch, R Schmitt, F Schramm, U Schuchart, J Widera, R AF Bussmann, M. Burau, H. Cowan, T. E. Debus, A. Huebl, A. Juckeland, G. Kluge, T. Nagel, W. E. Pausch, R. Schmitt, F. Schramm, U. Schuchart, J. Widera, R. GP IEEE TI Radiative Signatures of the Relativistic Kelvin-Helmholtz Instability SO 2013 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE FOR HIGH PERFORMANCE COMPUTING, NETWORKING, STORAGE AND ANALYSIS (SC) SE International Conference for High Performance Computing Networking Storage and Analysis LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference for High Performance Computing, Networking, Storage and Analysis (SC) CY NOV 17-22, 2013 CL Denver, CO SP Assoc Comp Machinery, IEEE Comp Soc ID MAGNETIC-FIELD GENERATION; IN-CELL ALGORITHM; CHARGE CONSERVATION; PIC SIMULATIONS; PARTICLE; BOUNDARIES; SOFTWARE; PLASMAS; CORONA; GPU AB We present a particle-in-cell simulation of the relativistic Kelvin-Helmholtz Instability (KHI) that for the first time delivers angularly resolved radiation spectra of the particle dynamics during the formation of the KHI. This enables studying the formation of the KHI with unprecedented spatial, angular and spectral resolution. Our results are of great importance for understanding astrophysical jet formation and comparable plasma phenomena by relating the particle motion observed in the KHI to its radiation signature. The innovative methods presented here on the implementation of the particle-in-cell algorithm on graphic processing units can be directly adapted to any many-core parallelization of the particle-mesh method. With these methods we see a peak performance of 7.176 PFLOP/s (double-precision) plus 1.449 PFLOP/s (single-precision), an efficiency of 96% when weakly scaling from 1 to 18432 nodes, an efficiency of 68.92% and a speed up of 794 (ideal: 1152) when strongly scaling from 16 to 18432 nodes. C1 [Bussmann, M.; Burau, H.; Cowan, T. E.; Debus, A.; Huebl, A.; Kluge, T.; Pausch, R.; Schramm, U.; Widera, R.] Helmholtz Zentrum Dresden Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstr 400, D-01328 Dresden, Germany. [Juckeland, G.; Nagel, W. E.; Schmitt, F.] Tech Univ Dresden, Ctr Informat Serv & High Performance Comp, D-01062 Dresden, Germany. [Schuchart, J.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Bussmann, M (reprint author), Helmholtz Zentrum Dresden Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstr 400, D-01328 Dresden, Germany. EM m.bussmann@hzdr.de; h.burau@hzdr.de; t.cowan@hzdr.de; a.debus@hzdr.de; a.huebl@hzdr.de; guido.juckeland@tu-dresden.de; t.kluge@hzdr.de; wolfgang.nagel@tu-dresden.de; r.pausch@hzdr.de; felix.schmitt@tu-dresden.de; u.schramm@hzdr.de; schuchartj@ornl.gov; rwidera@hzdr.de RI Bussmann, Michael/A-3422-2009; Schramm, Ulrich/C-9393-2012; Debus, Alexander/K-5357-2016; Cowan, Thomas/A-8713-2011; OI Bussmann, Michael/0000-0002-8258-3881; Schramm, Ulrich/0000-0003-0390-7671; Debus, Alexander/0000-0002-3844-3697; Cowan, Thomas/0000-0002-5845-000X; Hubl, Axel/0000-0003-1943-7141 FU Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC05-00OR22725] FX This research used resources of the Oak Ridge Leadership ComputingFacility at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory , which is supported by the Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC05-00OR22725 NR 68 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 3 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2167-4329 BN 978-1-4503-2378-9 J9 INT CONF HIGH PERFOR PY 2013 DI 10.1145/2503210.2504564 PG 12 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BB7OY UT WOS:000345856900006 ER PT S AU Dart, E Rotman, L Tierney, B Hester, M Zurawski, J AF Dart, Eli Rotman, Lauren Tierney, Brian Hester, Mary Zurawski, Jason GP IEEE TI The Science DMZ: A Network Design Pattern for Data-Intensive Science SO 2013 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE FOR HIGH PERFORMANCE COMPUTING, NETWORKING, STORAGE AND ANALYSIS (SC) SE International Conference for High Performance Computing Networking Storage and Analysis LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference for High Performance Computing, Networking, Storage and Analysis (SC) CY NOV 17-22, 2013 CL Denver, CO SP Assoc Comp Machinery, IEEE Comp Soc AB The ever-increasing scale of scientific data has become a significant challenge for researchers that rely on networks to interact with remote computing systems and transfer results to collaborators worldwide. Despite the availability of high-capacity connections, scientists struggle with inadequate cyberinfrastructure that cripples data transfer performance, and impedes scientific progress. The Science DMZ paradigm comprises a proven set of network design patterns that collectively address these problems for scientists. We explain the Science DMZ model, including network architecture, system configuration, cybersecurity, and performance tools, that creates an optimized network environment for science. We describe use cases from universities, supercomputing centers and research laboratories, highlighting the effectiveness of the Science DMZ model in diverse operational settings. In all, the Science DMZ model is a solid platform that supports any science workflow, and flexibly accommodates emerging network technologies. As a result, the Science DMZ vastly improves collaboration, accelerating scientific discovery. C1 [Dart, Eli; Rotman, Lauren; Tierney, Brian; Hester, Mary] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Energy Sci Network, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Zurawski, Jason] Off CTO, Internet2, Washington, DC 20036 USA. RP Dart, E (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Energy Sci Network, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM eddart@lbl.gov; lbrotman@lbl.gov; bltierney@lbl.gov; mchester@lbl.gov; zurawski@internet2.edu FU U.S.Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX This manuscript has been authored by an author at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231 with the U.S.Department of Energy. The U.S. Government retains, and the publisher, by accepting the article for publication, acknowledges, that the U.S. Government retains a non-exclusive, paid-up, irrevocable, world-wide license to publish or reproduce the published form of this manuscript, or allow others to do so, for U.S. Government purposes. NR 17 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2167-4329 BN 978-1-4503-2378-9 J9 INT CONF HIGH PERFOR PY 2013 DI 10.1145/2503210.2503245 PG 10 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BB7OY UT WOS:000345856900086 ER PT S AU Di, S Robert, Y Vivien, F Kondo, D Wang, CL Cappello, F AF Di, Sheng Robert, Yves Vivien, Frederic Kondo, Derrick Wang, Cho-Li Cappello, Franck GP IEEE TI Optimization of Cloud Task Processing with Checkpoint-Restart Mechanism SO 2013 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE FOR HIGH PERFORMANCE COMPUTING, NETWORKING, STORAGE AND ANALYSIS (SC) SE International Conference for High Performance Computing Networking Storage and Analysis LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference for High Performance Computing, Networking, Storage and Analysis (SC) CY NOV 17-22, 2013 CL Denver, CO SP Assoc Comp Machinery, IEEE Comp Soc DE Cloud Computing; Checkpoint-Restart Mechanism; Optimal Checkpointing Interval; Google; BLCR ID INTERVAL; CLUSTERS; SYSTEMS AB In this paper, we aim at optimizing fault-tolerance techniques based on a checkpointing/restart mechanism, in the context of cloud computing. Our contribution is three-fold. (1) We derive a fresh formula to compute the optimal number of checkpoints for cloud jobs with varied distributions of failure events. Our analysis is not only generic with no assumption on failure probability distribution, but also attractively simple to apply in practice. (2) We design an adaptive algorithm to optimize the impact of checkpointing regarding various costs like checkpointing/restart overhead. (3) We evaluate our optimized solution in a real cluster environment with hundreds of virtual machines and Berkeley Lab Checkpoint/Restart tool. Task failure events are emulated via a production trace produced on a large-scale Google data center. Experiments confirm that our solution is fairly suitable for Google systems. Our optimized formula outperforms Young's formula by 3-10 percent, reducing wall-clock lengths by 50-100 seconds per job on average. C1 [Di, Sheng; Cappello, Franck] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Di, Sheng] INRIA, Saclay, Grenoble, France. [Robert, Yves; Vivien, Frederic] ENS Lyon, INRIA, Lyon, France. [Robert, Yves] Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Kondo, Derrick] INRIA, Grenoble, France. [Wang, Cho-Li] Univ Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. RP Di, S (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM sheng.di@inria.fr; Yves.Robert@ens-lyon.fr; Frederic.Vivien@inria.fr; derrick.kondo@inria.fr; clwang@cs.hku.hk; cappello@mcs.anl.gov FU ANR [5323]; Hong Kong RGC [HKU-716712E] FX This work is supported by the projects ANR RESCUE 5323, Illinois-INRIA-ANL Joint Laboratory on Petascale Computing, and also in part by a Hong Kong RGC Grant HKU-716712E. NR 29 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2167-4329 BN 978-1-4503-2378-9 J9 INT CONF HIGH PERFOR PY 2013 DI 10.1145/2503210.2503217 PG 12 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BB7OY UT WOS:000345856900065 ER PT S AU Friedley, A Bronevetsky, G Hoefler, T Lumsdaine, A AF Friedley, Andrew Bronevetsky, Greg Hoefler, Torsten Lumsdaine, Andrew GP IEEE TI Hybrid MPI: Efficient Message Passing for Multi-core Systems SO 2013 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE FOR HIGH PERFORMANCE COMPUTING, NETWORKING, STORAGE AND ANALYSIS (SC) SE International Conference for High Performance Computing Networking Storage and Analysis LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference for High Performance Computing, Networking, Storage and Analysis (SC) CY NOV 17-22, 2013 CL Denver, CO SP Assoc Comp Machinery, IEEE Comp Soc AB Multi-core shared memory architectures are ubiquitous in both High-Performance Computing (HPC) and commodity systems because they provide an excellent trade-off between performance and programmability. MPI's abstraction of explicit communication across distributed memory is very popular for programming scientific applications. Unfortunately, OS-level process separations force MPI to perform unnecessary copying of messages within shared memory nodes. This paper presents a novel approach that transparently shares memory across MPI processes executing on the same node, allowing them to communicate like threaded applications. While prior work explored thread-based MPI libraries, we demonstrate that this approach is impractical and performs poorly in practice. We instead propose a novel process-based approach that enables shared memory communication and integrates with existing MPI libraries and applications without modifications. Our protocols for shared memory message passing exhibit better performance and reduced cache footprint. Communication speedups of more than 26% are demonstrated for two applications. C1 [Friedley, Andrew; Lumsdaine, Andrew] Indiana Univ, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. [Bronevetsky, Greg] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Lawrence, KS USA. [Hoefler, Torsten] Swiss Fed Inst Technol, Zurich, Switzerland. RP Friedley, A (reprint author), Indiana Univ, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. FU Department of Energy X-Stack program; Early Career award program; U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344] FX This work was supported in part by the Department of Energy X-Stack program and the Early Career award program. It was partially performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. (LLNL-CONF-618492) NR 27 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2167-4329 BN 978-1-4503-2378-9 J9 INT CONF HIGH PERFOR PY 2013 DI 10.1145/2503210.2503294 PG 11 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BB7OY UT WOS:000345856900019 ER PT S AU Habib, S Morozov, V Frontiere, N Finkel, H Pope, A Heitmann, K AF Habib, Salman Morozov, Vitali Frontiere, Nicholas Finkel, Hal Pope, Adrian Heitmann, Katrin GP IEEE TI HACC: Extreme Scaling and Performance Across Diverse Architectures SO 2013 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE FOR HIGH PERFORMANCE COMPUTING, NETWORKING, STORAGE AND ANALYSIS (SC) SE International Conference for High Performance Computing Networking Storage and Analysis LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference for High Performance Computing, Networking, Storage and Analysis (SC) CY NOV 17-22, 2013 CL Denver, CO SP Assoc Comp Machinery, IEEE Comp Soc ID ADAPTIVE-MESH-REFINEMENT; COSMOLOGICAL SIMULATIONS; CODE; HYDRODYNAMICS; UNIVERSE; GRAVITY; MATTER AB Supercomputing is evolving towards hybrid and accelerator-based architectures with millions of cores. The HACC (Hardware/Hybrid Accelerated Cosmology Code) framework exploits this diverse landscape at the largest scales of problem size, obtaining high scalability and sustained performance. Developed to satisfy the science requirements of cosmological surveys, HACC melds particle and grid methods using a novel algorithmic structure that flexibly maps across architectures, including CPU/GPU, multi/many-core, and Blue Gene systems. We demonstrate the success of HACC on two very different machines, the CPU/GPU system Titan and the BG/Q systems Sequoia and Mira, attaining unprecedented levels of scalable performance. We demonstrate strong and weak scaling on Titan, obtaining up to 99.2% parallel efficiency, evolving 1.1 trillion particles. On Sequoia, we reach 13.94 PFlops (69.2% of peak) and 90% parallel efficiency on 1,572,864 cores, with 3.6 trillion particles, the largest cosmological benchmark yet performed. HACC design concepts are applicable to several other supercomputer applications. C1 [Habib, Salman; Morozov, Vitali; Frontiere, Nicholas; Finkel, Hal; Pope, Adrian; Heitmann, Katrin] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Habib, S (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM habib@anl.gov; morozov@anl.gov; nfrontiere@anl.gov; hfinkel@anl.gov; apope@anl.gov; heitmann@anl.gov NR 40 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2167-4329 BN 978-1-4503-2378-9 J9 INT CONF HIGH PERFOR PY 2013 DI 10.1145/2503210.2504566 PG 10 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BB7OY UT WOS:000345856900007 ER PT S AU Hilbrich, T de Supinski, BR Nagel, WE Protze, J Baier, C Muller, MS AF Hilbrich, Tobias de Supinski, Bronis R. Nagel, Wolfgang E. Protze, Joachim Baier, Christel Mueller, Matthias S. GP IEEE TI Distributed Wait State Tracking for Runtime MPI Deadlock Detection SO 2013 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE FOR HIGH PERFORMANCE COMPUTING, NETWORKING, STORAGE AND ANALYSIS (SC) SE International Conference for High Performance Computing Networking Storage and Analysis LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference for High Performance Computing, Networking, Storage and Analysis (SC) CY NOV 17-22, 2013 CL Denver, CO SP Assoc Comp Machinery, IEEE Comp Soc ID PROGRAMS; SYSTEMS AB The widely used Message Passing Tnterlace (MPT) with its multitude of communication functions is prone to usage errors. Runtime error detection tools aid in the removal of these errors. We develop MUST as one such tool that provides a wide variety of automatic correctness checks. Its correctness checks can be run in a distributed mode, except for its deadlock detection. This limitation applies to a wide range of tools that either use centralized detection algorithms or a timeout approach. In order to provide scalable and distributed deadlock detection with detailed insight into deadlock situations, we propose a model for MPI blocking conditions that we use to formulate a distributed algorithm. This algorithm implements scalable MPI deadlock detection in MUST. Stress tests at up to 4,096 processes demonstrate the scalabilily of our approach. Finally, overhead results for a complex benchmark suite demonstrate an average runtime increase of 34% at 2,048 processes. C1 [Hilbrich, Tobias; Nagel, Wolfgang E.; Baier, Christel] Tech Univ Dresden, D-01062 Dresden, Germany. [de Supinski, Bronis R.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. [Protze, Joachim; Mueller, Matthias S.] Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, D-52062 Aachen, Germany. [Protze, Joachim; Mueller, Matthias S.] JARA, High Performance Computat, D-52062 Aachen, Germany. RP Hilbrich, T (reprint author), Tech Univ Dresden, D-01062 Dresden, Germany. EM tobias.hilbrich@tu-dresden.de; bronis@llnl.gov; wolfgang.nagel@tu-dresden.de; protze@rz.rwth-aachen.de; baier@tcs.inf.tu-dresden.de; mueller@rz.rwth-aachen.de FU CRC HAEC [912]; U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344]; CRESTA; European Community's Seventh Framework Programme (ICT) [287703]; [LLNL-CONF-641235] FX We thank the ASC Tri-Labs and the Los Alamos National Laboratory for their friendly support. This work is partly supported by the CRC 912 HAEC. Part of this work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. (LLNL-CONF-641235). This work has been supported by the CRESTA project that has received funding from the European Communitys Seventh Framework Programme (ICT-2011.9.13) under Grant Agreement no. 287703. NR 30 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2167-4329 BN 978-1-4503-2378-9 J9 INT CONF HIGH PERFOR PY 2013 DI 10.1145/2503210.2503237 PG 12 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BB7OY UT WOS:000345856900017 ER PT S AU Jain, N Bhatele, A Robson, MP Gamblin, T Kale, LV AF Jain, Nikhil Bhatele, Abhinav Robson, Michael P. Gamblin, Todd Kale, Laxmikant V. GP IEEE TI Predicting Application Performance using Supervised Learning on Communication Features SO 2013 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE FOR HIGH PERFORMANCE COMPUTING, NETWORKING, STORAGE AND ANALYSIS (SC) SE International Conference for High Performance Computing Networking Storage and Analysis LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference for High Performance Computing, Networking, Storage and Analysis (SC) CY NOV 17-22, 2013 CL Denver, CO SP Assoc Comp Machinery, IEEE Comp Soc DE prediction; modeling; supervised learning; torus networks; contention; task mapping AB Task mapping on torus networks has traditionally focused on either reducing the maximum dilation or average number of hops per byte for messages in an application. These metrics make simplified assumptions about the cause of network congestion, and do not provide accurate correlation with execution time. Hence, these metrics cannot be used to reasonably predict or compare application performance for different mappings. In this paper, we attempt to model the performance of an application using communication data, such as the communication graph and network hardware counters. We use supervised learning algorithms, such as randomized decision trees, to correlate performance with prior and new metrics. We propose new hybrid metrics that provide high correlation with application performance, and may be useful for accurate performance prediction. For three different communication patterns and a production application, we demonstrate a very strong correlation between the proposed metrics and the execution time of these codes. C1 [Jain, Nikhil; Robson, Michael P.; Kale, Laxmikant V.] Univ Illinois, Dept Comp Sci, Urbana, IL 61820 USA. [Bhatele, Abhinav; Gamblin, Todd] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Ctr Appl Sci Comp, Livermore, CA USA. RP Jain, N (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Comp Sci, Urbana, IL 61820 USA. EM nikhil@illinois.edu; bhatele@llnl.gov; mprobson@illinois.edu; tgamblin@llnl.gov; kale@illinois.edu FU U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344]; Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program [LLNL-CONF-635857]; Department of Energy [DE-AC02- 06CH11357] FX This work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. This work was funded by the Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program at LLNL under project tracking code 13-ERD-055 (LLNL-CONF-635857).; This research used computer time on Livermore Computings high performance computing resources, provided under the Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program. This research also used resources of the Argonne Leadership Computing Facility at Argonne National Laboratory, which is supported by the Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy under contract DE-AC02- 06CH11357. NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2167-4329 BN 978-1-4503-2378-9 J9 INT CONF HIGH PERFOR PY 2013 DI 10.1145/2503210.2503263 PG 12 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BB7OY UT WOS:000345856900096 ER PT S AU Kumar, S Saha, A Vishwanath, V Carns, P Schmidt, JA Scorzelli, G Kolla, H Grout, R Latham, R Ross, R Papka, ME Chen, J Pascucci, V AF Kumar, Sidharth Saha, Avishek Vishwanath, Venkatram Carns, Philip Schmidt, John A. Scorzelli, Giorgio Kolla, Hemanth Grout, Ray Latham, Robert Ross, Robert Papka, Michael E. Chen, Jacqueline Pascucci, Valerio GP IEEE TI Characterization and Modeling of PIDX Parallel I/O for Performance Optimization SO 2013 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE FOR HIGH PERFORMANCE COMPUTING, NETWORKING, STORAGE AND ANALYSIS (SC) SE International Conference for High Performance Computing Networking Storage and Analysis LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference for High Performance Computing, Networking, Storage and Analysis (SC) CY NOV 17-22, 2013 CL Denver, CO SP Assoc Comp Machinery, IEEE Comp Soc DE I/O & Network Characterization; Performance Modeling AB Parallel I/O library performance can vary greatly in response to user-tunable parameter values such as aggregator count, file count, and aggregation strategy. Unfortunately, manual selection of these values is time consuming and dependent on characteristics of the target machine, the underlying file system, and the dataset itself. Some characteristics, such as the amount of memory per core, can also impose hard constraints on the range of viable parameter values. In this work we address these problems by using machine learning techniques to model the performance of the PIDX parallel I/O library and select appropriate tunable parameter values. We characterize both the network and I/O phases of PIDX on a Cray XE6 as well as an IBM Blue Gene/P system. We use the results of this study to develop a machine learning model for parameter space exploration and performance prediction. C1 [Kumar, Sidharth; Saha, Avishek; Schmidt, John A.; Scorzelli, Giorgio; Pascucci, Valerio] Univ Utah, Sci Comp & Imaging Inst, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. [Vishwanath, Venkatram; Carns, Philip; Latham, Robert; Ross, Robert; Papka, Michael E.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL USA. [Pascucci, Valerio] Pacific Northwest Natl Lab, Richland, WA USA. [Kolla, Hemanth; Papka, Michael E.; Chen, Jacqueline] Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA USA. [Papka, Michael E.] No Illinois Univ, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA. [Grout, Ray] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO USA. RP Kumar, S (reprint author), Univ Utah, Sci Comp & Imaging Inst, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. EM sidharth@sci.utah.edu FU Advanced Scientific Computing Research [DE- AC02-06CH11357]; Office of Science; U.S. Dept. of Energy [DE-AC02-06CH11357, DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX We thank Abhinav Bhatele, Todd Gamblin, Kate Isaacs, Aaditya Landge and Joshua Levine for help with installation and use of the Boxfish tool. This work was supported by the U.S. Dept. of Energy, Office of Science, Advanced Scientific Computing Research, under Contract DE- AC02-06CH11357 and an Argonne National Laboratory Director Fellowship. This research used resources of the Argonne Leadership Computing Facility at Argonne National Laboratory, which is supported by the Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy under contract DE-AC02- 06CH11357. This research used resources of the National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center, which is supported by the Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02 05CH11231. NR 41 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2167-4329 BN 978-1-4503-2378-9 J9 INT CONF HIGH PERFOR PY 2013 DI 10.1145/2503210.2503252 PG 12 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BB7OY UT WOS:000345856900068 ER PT S AU Lai, PW Stock, K Rajbhandari, S Krishnamoorthy, S Sadayappan, P AF Lai, Pai-Wei Stock, Kevin Rajbhandari, Samyam Krishnamoorthy, Sriram Sadayappan, P. GP IEEE TI A Framework for Load Balancing of Tensor Contraction Expressions via Dynamic Task Partitioning SO 2013 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE FOR HIGH PERFORMANCE COMPUTING, NETWORKING, STORAGE AND ANALYSIS (SC) SE International Conference for High Performance Computing Networking Storage and Analysis LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference for High Performance Computing, Networking, Storage and Analysis (SC) CY NOV 17-22, 2013 CL Denver, CO SP Assoc Comp Machinery, IEEE Comp Soc DE Tensor contraction; domain-specific language; dynamic load balancing; task scheduling library ID COUPLED-CLUSTER; PERFORMANCE; ENGINE AB In this paper, we introduce the Dynamic Load-balanced Tensor Contractions (DLTC), a domain-specific library for efficient task parallel execution of tensor contraction expressions, a class of computation encountered in quantum chemistry and physics. Our framework decomposes each contraction into smaller unit of tasks, represented by an abstraction referred to as iterators. We exploit an extra level of parallelism by having tasks across independent contractions executed concurrently through a dynamic load balancing run-time. We demonstrate the improved performance, scalability, and flexibility for the computation of tensor contraction expressions on parallel computers using examples from Coupled Cluster (CC) methods. C1 [Lai, Pai-Wei; Stock, Kevin; Rajbhandari, Samyam; Sadayappan, P.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Comp Sci & Engn, Columbus, OH 43221 USA. [Krishnamoorthy, Sriram] Pacific Northwest Natl Lab, Computat Sci & Math Div, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Lai, PW (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Dept Comp Sci & Engn, Columbus, OH 43221 USA. EM laip@cse.ohio-state.edu; stockk@cse.ohio-state.edu; rajbhand@cse.ohio-state.edu; sriram@pnnl.gov; saday@cse.ohio-state.edu FU U.S. Department of Energy's (DOE) Office of Science; Office of Advanced Scientific Computing Research [59193]; Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL); DOE [DE-AC05-76RL01830] FX We thank Edgar Solomonik and Devin Matthews for making the CTF software available. We thank Wenjing Ma and Karol Kowalski for their help to run DLTC with actual inputs from NWChem. We also thank Dmitry Lyakh for providing the Coupled Cluster equations. This work was supported in part by the U.S. Department of Energys (DOE) Office of Science, Office of Advanced Scientific Computing Research, under award number 59193 and by Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) under the eXtreme Scale Computing Initiative. PNNL is operated by Battelle for the DOE under Contract DE-AC05-76RL01830. NR 23 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2167-4329 BN 978-1-4503-2378-9 J9 INT CONF HIGH PERFOR PY 2013 DI 10.1145/2503210.2503290 PG 10 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BB7OY UT WOS:000345856900014 ER PT S AU Laney, D Langer, S Weber, C Lindstrom, P Wegener, A AF Laney, Daniel Langer, Steven Weber, Christopher Lindstrom, Peter Wegener, Al GP IEEE TI Assessing the Effects of Data Compression in Simulations Using Physically Motivated Metrics SO 2013 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE FOR HIGH PERFORMANCE COMPUTING, NETWORKING, STORAGE AND ANALYSIS (SC) SE International Conference for High Performance Computing Networking Storage and Analysis LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference for High Performance Computing, Networking, Storage and Analysis (SC) CY NOV 17-22, 2013 CL Denver, CO SP Assoc Comp Machinery, IEEE Comp Soc DE data compression; high performance computing ID RAYLEIGH-TAYLOR INSTABILITY; FLOATING-POINT DATA AB This paper examines whether lossy compression can be used effectively in physics simulations as a possible strategy to combat the expected data-movement bottleneck in future high performance computing architectures. We show that, for the codes and simulations we tested, compression levels of 3-5X can be applied without causing significant changes to important physical quantities. Rather than applying signal processing error metrics, we utilize physics-based metrics appropriate for each code to assess the impact of compression. We evaluate three different simulation codes: a Lagrangian shock-hydrodynamics code, an Eulerian higher-order hydrodynamics turbulence modeling code, and an Eulerian coupled laser-plasma interaction code. We compress relevant quantities after each time-step to approximate the effects of tightly coupled compression and study the compression rates to estimate memory and disk-bandwidth reduction. We find that the error characteristics of compression algorithms must be carefully considered in the context of the underlying physics being modeled. C1 [Laney, Daniel; Langer, Steven; Weber, Christopher; Lindstrom, Peter] Lawrence Livermore Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Laney, D (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM dlaney@llnl.gov; langer1@llnl.gov; weber30@llnl.gov; pl@llnl.gov; awegener@samplify.com OI Lindstrom, Peter/0000-0003-3817-4199 FU U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344]; Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency [HR0011-07-9-0001] FX This document was released as LLNL-CONF-642236. This work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. Some of this material is based upon work supported by the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency under its Agreement No. HR0011-07-9-0001. NR 35 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2167-4329 BN 978-1-4503-2378-9 J9 INT CONF HIGH PERFOR PY 2013 DI 10.1145/2503210.2503283 PG 12 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BB7OY UT WOS:000345856900077 ER PT S AU Li, D Chen, ZZ Wu, PR Vetter, JS AF Li, Dong Chen, Zizhong Wu, Panruo Vetter, Jeffrey S. GP IEEE TI Rethinking Algorithm-Based Fault Tolerance with a Cooperative Software-Hardware Approach SO 2013 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE FOR HIGH PERFORMANCE COMPUTING, NETWORKING, STORAGE AND ANALYSIS (SC) SE International Conference for High Performance Computing Networking Storage and Analysis LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference for High Performance Computing, Networking, Storage and Analysis (SC) CY NOV 17-22, 2013 CL Denver, CO SP Assoc Comp Machinery, IEEE Comp Soc DE algorithm-based fault tolerance; error-correcting code; adaptive resilience AB Algorithm-based fault tolerance (ABFT) is a highly efficient resilience solution for many widely-used scientific computing kernels. However, in the context of the resilience ecosystem, ABFT is completely opaque to any underlying hardware resilience mechanisms. As a result, some data structures are over-protected by ABFT and hardware, which leads to redundant costs in terms of performance and energy. In this paper, we rethink ABFT using an integrated view including both software and hardware with the goal of improving performance and energy efficiency of ABFT-enabled applications. In particular, we study how to coordinate ABFT and error-correcting code (ECC) for main memory, and investigate the impact of this coordination on performance, energy, and resilience for ABFT-enabled applications. Scaling tests and analysis indicate that our approach saves up to 25% for system energy (and up to 40% for dynamic memory energy) with up to 18% performance improvement over traditional approaches of ABFT with ECC. C1 [Li, Dong; Vetter, Jeffrey S.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Chen, Zizhong; Wu, Panruo] Univ Calif Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Vetter, Jeffrey S.] Georgia Inst Technol, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. RP Li, D (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM lid@ornl.gov; chen@cs.ucr.edu; pwu011@cs.ucr.edu; vetter@computer.org NR 40 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2167-4329 BN 978-1-4503-2378-9 J9 INT CONF HIGH PERFOR PY 2013 DI 10.1145/2503210.2503226 PG 12 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BB7OY UT WOS:000345856900045 ER PT S AU Lofstead, J Ross, R AF Lofstead, Jay Ross, Robert GP IEEE TI Insights for Exascale IO APIs from Building a Petascale IO API SO 2013 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE FOR HIGH PERFORMANCE COMPUTING, NETWORKING, STORAGE AND ANALYSIS (SC) SE International Conference for High Performance Computing Networking Storage and Analysis LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference for High Performance Computing, Networking, Storage and Analysis (SC) CY NOV 17-22, 2013 CL Denver, CO SP Assoc Comp Machinery, IEEE Comp Soc ID PARALLEL I/O AB Near the dawn of the petascale era, IO libraries had reached a stability in their function and data layout with only incremental changes being incorporated. The shift in technology, particularly the scale of parallel file systems and the number of compute processes, prompted revisiting best practices for optimal IO performance. Among other efforts like PLFS, the project that led to ADIOS, the ADaptable IO System, was motivated by both the shift in technology and the historical requirement, for optimal IO performance, to change how simulations performed IO depending on the platform. To solve both issues, the ADIOS team, along with consultation with other leading IO experts, sought to build a new IO platform based on the assumptions inherent in the petascale hardware platforms. This paper helps inform the design of future IO platforms with a discussion of lessons learned as part of the process of designing and building ADIOS. C1 [Lofstead, Jay] Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Ross, Robert] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Lofstead, J (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM gflofst@sandia.gov; rross@mcs.anl.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000]; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX Sandia National Laboratories is a multi-program laboratory managed and operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corporation, for the U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. This work as also supported by the U.S. Department of Energy under contract DE-AC02-06CH11357. NR 57 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2167-4329 BN 978-1-4503-2378-9 J9 INT CONF HIGH PERFOR PY 2013 DI 10.1145/2503210.2503238 PG 12 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BB7OY UT WOS:000345856900088 ER PT S AU Michelogiannakis, G Jiang, N Becker, D Dally, WJ AF Michelogiannakis, George Jiang, Nan Becker, Daniel Dally, William J. GP IEEE TI Channel Reservation Protocol for Over-Subscribed Channels and Destinations SO 2013 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE FOR HIGH PERFORMANCE COMPUTING, NETWORKING, STORAGE AND ANALYSIS (SC) SE International Conference for High Performance Computing Networking Storage and Analysis LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference for High Performance Computing, Networking, Storage and Analysis (SC) CY NOV 17-22, 2013 CL Denver, CO SP Assoc Comp Machinery, IEEE Comp Soc ID CONGESTION CONTROL; NETWORKS; PERFORMANCE; CLUSTERS AB Channels in system-wide networks tend to be over-subscribed due to the cost of bandwidth and increasing traffic demands. To make matters worse, workloads can overstress specific destinations, creating hotspots. Loss less networks offer attractive advantages compared to lossy networks but suffer from tree saturation. This led to the development of explicit congestion notification (ECN). However, ECN is very sensitive to its configuration parameters and acts only after congestion forms. We propose channel reservation protocol (CRP) to enable sources to reserve bandwidth in multiple resources in advance of packet transmission and with a single request, but without idling resources like circuit switching. CRP prevents congestion from ever occurring and thus reacts instantly to traffic changes, whereas ECN requires 300,000 cycles to stabilize in our experiments. Furthermore, ECN may not prevent congestion formed by short-lived flows generated by a large combination of source destination pairs. C1 [Michelogiannakis, George] Stanford Univ, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. RP Michelogiannakis, G (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. EM mihelog@stanford.edu; njiang37@stanford.edu; dub@stanford.edu; dally@stanford.edu NR 45 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2167-4329 BN 978-1-4503-2378-9 J9 INT CONF HIGH PERFOR PY 2013 DI 10.1145/2503210.2503213 PG 12 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BB7OY UT WOS:000345856900053 ER PT S AU Niu, SC Zhai, JD Ma, XS Tang, XC Chen, WG AF Niu, Shuangcheng Zhai, Jidong Ma, Xiaosong Tang, Xiongchao Chen, Wenguang GP IEEE TI Cost-effective Cloud HPC Resource Provisioning by Building Semi-Elastic Virtual Clusters SO 2013 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE FOR HIGH PERFORMANCE COMPUTING, NETWORKING, STORAGE AND ANALYSIS (SC) SE International Conference for High Performance Computing Networking Storage and Analysis LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference for High Performance Computing, Networking, Storage and Analysis (SC) CY NOV 17-22, 2013 CL Denver, CO SP Assoc Comp Machinery, IEEE Comp Soc DE Cloud computing; resource provisioning; job scheduling AB Recent studies have found cloud environments increasingly appealing for executing HPC applications, including tightly coupled parallel simulations. While public clouds offer elastic, on-demand resource provisioning and pay-as-you-go pricing, individual users setting up their on-demand virtual clusters may not be able to take full advantage of common cost-saving opportunities, such as reserved instances. In this paper, we propose a Semi-Elastic Cluster (SEC) computing model for organizations to reserve and dynamically resize a virtual cloud-based cluster. We present a set of integrated batch scheduling plus resource scaling strategies uniquely enabled by SEC, as well as an online reserved instance provisioning algorithm based on job history. Our trace-driven simulation results show that such a model has a 61.0% cost saving than individual users acquiring and managing cloud resources without causing longer average job wait time. Meanwhile, the overhead of acquiring/maintaining shared cloud instances is shown to take only a few seconds. C1 [Niu, Shuangcheng; Zhai, Jidong; Tang, Xiongchao; Chen, Wenguang] Tsinghua Univ, Tsinghua Natl Lab Informat Sci & Technol, Dept Comp Sci & Technol, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. [Niu, Shuangcheng; Chen, Wenguang] Tsinghua Univ, Res Inst, Shenzhen, Peoples R China. [Ma, Xiaosong] North Carolina State Univ, Dept Comp Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Ma, Xiaosong] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Comp Sci & Math, Oak Ridge, TN USA. RP Niu, SC (reprint author), Tsinghua Univ, Tsinghua Natl Lab Informat Sci & Technol, Dept Comp Sci & Technol, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. EM nsc07@mails.thu.edu.cn; zhaijidong@thu.edu.cn; ma@csc.ncsu.edu; tomxice@gmail.com; cwg@thu.edu.cn NR 38 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2167-4329 BN 978-1-4503-2378-9 J9 INT CONF HIGH PERFOR PY 2013 PG 12 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BB7OY UT WOS:000345856900057 ER PT S AU Ren, YF Li, T Yu, DT Jin, SD Robertazzi, T AF Ren, Yufei Li, Tan Yu, Dantong Jin, Shudong Robertazzi, Thomas GP IEEE TI Design and Performance Evaluation of NUMA-Aware RDMA-Based End-to-End Data Transfer Systems SO 2013 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE FOR HIGH PERFORMANCE COMPUTING, NETWORKING, STORAGE AND ANALYSIS (SC) SE International Conference for High Performance Computing Networking Storage and Analysis LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference for High Performance Computing, Networking, Storage and Analysis (SC) CY NOV 17-22, 2013 CL Denver, CO SP Assoc Comp Machinery, IEEE Comp Soc DE Network Protocols; Storage Area Network; Remote Direct Memory Access; Multi-Core Architecture; Non-Uniform Memory Access AB Data-intensive applications place stringent requirements on the performance of both back-end storage systems and front-end network interfaces. However, for ultra high-speed data transfer, for example, at 100 Gbps and higher, the effects of multiple bottlenecks along a full end-to-end path, have not been resolved efficiently. In this paper, we describe our implementation of an end-to-end data transfer software at such high-speeds. At the back-end, we construct a storage area network with the iSCSI protocols, and utilize efficient RDMA technology. At the front-end, we design network communication software to transfer data in parallel, and utilize NUMA techniques to maximize the performance of multiple network interfaces. We demonstrate that our system can deliver the full 100 Gbps end-to-end data transfer throughput. The software product is tested rigorously and demonstrated applicable to supporting various data-intensive applications that constantly move bulk data within and across data centers. C1 [Ren, Yufei; Li, Tan; Jin, Shudong; Robertazzi, Thomas] SUNY Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11790 USA. [Yu, Dantong] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Ren, YF (reprint author), SUNY Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11790 USA. EM yufei.ren@stonybrook.edu; tan.li@stonybrook.edu; dtyu@bnl.gov; shujin@stonybrook.edu; thomas.robertazzi@stonybrook.edu NR 27 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2167-4329 BN 978-1-4503-2378-9 J9 INT CONF HIGH PERFOR PY 2013 DI 10.1145/2503210.2503260 PG 10 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BB7OY UT WOS:000345856900049 ER PT S AU Ropars, T Martsinkevich, TV Guermouche, A Schiper, A Cappello, F AF Ropars, Thomas Martsinkevich, Tatiana V. Guermouche, Amina Schiper, Andre Cappello, Franck GP IEEE TI SPBC: Leveraging the Characteristics of MPI HPC Applications for Scalable Checkpointing SO 2013 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE FOR HIGH PERFORMANCE COMPUTING, NETWORKING, STORAGE AND ANALYSIS (SC) SE International Conference for High Performance Computing Networking Storage and Analysis LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference for High Performance Computing, Networking, Storage and Analysis (SC) CY NOV 17-22, 2013 CL Denver, CO SP Assoc Comp Machinery, IEEE Comp Soc DE Algorithms; Reliability AB The high failure rate expected for future supercomputers requires the design of new fault tolerant solutions. Most checkpointing protocols are designed to work with any message-passing application but suffer from scalability issues at extreme scale. We take a different approach: We identify a property common to many HPC applications, namely channel-determinism, and introduce a new partial order relation, called always-happens-before relation, between events of such applications. Leveraging these two concepts, we design a protocol that combines an unprecedented set of features. Our protocol called SPBC combines in a hierarchical way coordinated checkpointing and message logging. It is the first protocol that provides failure containment without logging any information reliably apart from process checkpoints, and this, without penalizing recovery performance. Experiments run with a representative set of HPC workloads demonstrate a good performance of our protocol during both, failure-free execution and recovery. C1 [Ropars, Thomas; Schiper, Andre] Ecole Polytech Fed Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland. [Martsinkevich, Tatiana V.] Univ Paris 11, INRIA, Paris, France. [Guermouche, Amina] Univ Versailles, Versailles, France. [Cappello, Franck] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL USA. RP Ropars, T (reprint author), Ecole Polytech Fed Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland. EM thomas.ropars@epfl.ch; tatiana.mar@inria.fr; amina.guermouche@uvsq.fr; andre.schiper@epfl.ch; cappello@mcs.anl.gov FU INRIA-Illinois-ANL Joint Laboratory for Petascale computing; ANR RESCUE; G8 ECS FX This work was supported by INRIA-Illinois-ANL Joint Laboratory for Petascale computing, the ANR RESCUE project, and the G8 ECS (To-ward Exascale Climate Simulations) project. NR 30 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2167-4329 BN 978-1-4503-2378-9 J9 INT CONF HIGH PERFOR PY 2013 DI 10.1145/2503210.2503271 PG 12 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BB7OY UT WOS:000345856900009 ER PT S AU Rossinelli, D Hejazialhosseini, B Hadjidoukas, P Bekas, C Curioni, A Bertsch, A Futral, S Schmidt, SJ Adams, NA Koumoutsakos, P AF Rossinelli, Diego Hejazialhosseini, Babak Hadjidoukas, Panagiotis Bekas, Costas Curioni, Alessandro Bertsch, Adam Futral, Scott Schmidt, Steffen J. Adams, Nikolaus A. Koumoutsakos, Petros GP IEEE TI 11 PFLOP/s Simulations of Cloud Cavitation Collapse SO 2013 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE FOR HIGH PERFORMANCE COMPUTING, NETWORKING, STORAGE AND ANALYSIS (SC) SE International Conference for High Performance Computing Networking Storage and Analysis LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference for High Performance Computing, Networking, Storage and Analysis (SC) CY NOV 17-22, 2013 CL Denver, CO SP Assoc Comp Machinery, IEEE Comp Soc ID PARTIAL-DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS; WAVELET COLLOCATION METHOD; ADAPTIVE MESH REFINEMENT; CAVITY CLUSTERS; BUBBLE COLLAPSE; PERFORMANCE; SCHEMES; PDES; IMPLEMENTATION; HYDRODYNAMICS AB We present unprecedented, high throughput simulations of cloud cavitation collapse on 1.6 million cores of Sequoia reaching 55% of its nominal peak performance, corresponding to 11 PFLOP/s. The destructive power of cavitation reduces the lifetime of energy critical systems such as internal combustion engines and hydraulic turbines, yet it has been harnessed for water purification and kidney lithotripsy. The present two-phase flow simulations enable the quantitative prediction of cavitation using 13 trillion grid points to resolve the collapse of 15'000 bubbles. We advance by one order of magnitude the current state-of-the-art in terms of time to solution, and by two orders the geometrical complexity of the flow. The software successfully addresses the challenges that hinder the effective solution of complex flows on contemporary supercomputers, such as limited memory bandwidth, I/O bandwidth and storage capacity. The present work redefines the frontier of high performance computing for fluid dynamics simulations. C1 [Rossinelli, Diego; Hejazialhosseini, Babak; Hadjidoukas, Panagiotis; Koumoutsakos, Petros] Swiss Fed Inst Technol, Zurich, Switzerland. [Bekas, Costas; Curioni, Alessandro] Zurich Res Lab, IBM Res Div, Zurich, Switzerland. [Bertsch, Adam; Futral, Scott] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Lawrence, KS USA. [Schmidt, Steffen J.; Adams, Nikolaus A.] Inst Aerodynam & Fluid Mechan, Munich, Germany. RP Rossinelli, D (reprint author), Swiss Fed Inst Technol, Zurich, Switzerland. RI Adams, Nikolaus/H-7247-2014; OI Adams, Nikolaus/0000-0001-5048-8639; Hadjidoukas, Panagiotis/0000-0002-2528-7568; Koumoutsakos, Petros/0000-0001-8337-2122 FU Swiss National Supercomputing Centre (CSCS) FX This work was supported by a grant from the Swiss National Su- percomputing Centre (CSCS) under project ID s70 NR 81 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 5 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2167-4329 BN 978-1-4503-2378-9 J9 INT CONF HIGH PERFOR PY 2013 DI 10.1145/2503210.2504565 PG 13 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BB7OY UT WOS:000345856900004 ER PT S AU Rubio-Gonzalez, C Nguyen, C Nguyen, HD Demmel, J Kahan, W Sen, K Bailey, DH Iancu, C Hough, D AF Rubio-Gonzalez, Cindy Cuong Nguyen Hong Diep Nguyen Demmel, James Kahan, William Sen, Koushik Bailey, David H. Iancu, Costin Hough, David GP IEEE TI Precimonious: Tuning Assistant for Floating-Point Precision SO 2013 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE FOR HIGH PERFORMANCE COMPUTING, NETWORKING, STORAGE AND ANALYSIS (SC) SE International Conference for High Performance Computing Networking Storage and Analysis LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference for High Performance Computing, Networking, Storage and Analysis (SC) CY NOV 17-22, 2013 CL Denver, CO SP Assoc Comp Machinery, IEEE Comp Soc DE floating-point arithmetic; mixed precision; program optimization; delta-debugging algorithm; dynamic program analysis AB Given the variety of numerical errors that can occur, floating-point programs are difficult to write, test and debug. One common practice employed by developers without an advanced background in numerical analysis is using the highest available precision. While more robust, this can degrade program performance significantly. In this paper we present PRECIMONIOUS, a dynamic program analysis tool to assist developers in tuning the precision of floating-point programs. PRECIMONIOUS performs a search on the types of the floating-point program variables trying to lower their precision subject to accuracy constraints and performance goals. Our tool recommends a type instantiation that uses lower precision while producing an accurate enough answer without causing exceptions. We evaluate PRECIMONIOUS on several widely used functions from the GNU Scientific Library, two NAS Parallel Benchmarks, and three other numerical programs. For most of the programs analyzed, PRECIMONIOUS reduces precision, which results in performance improvements as high as 41%. C1 [Rubio-Gonzalez, Cindy; Cuong Nguyen; Hong Diep Nguyen; Demmel, James; Kahan, William; Sen, Koushik] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept EECS, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Bailey, David H.; Iancu, Costin] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA USA. [Hough, David] Oracle Corp, Redwood City, CA USA. RP Rubio-Gonzalez, C (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept EECS, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM rubio@cs.berkeley.edu; nacuong@cs.berkeley.edu; hdnguyen@cs.berkeley.edu; demmel@cs.berkeley.edu; wkahan@cs.berkeley.edu; ksen@cs.berkeley.edu; dhbailey@lbl.goy; cciancu@lbl.goy; david.hough@oracle.com NR 27 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2167-4329 BN 978-1-4503-2378-9 J9 INT CONF HIGH PERFOR PY 2013 DI 10.1145/2503210.2503296 PG 12 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BB7OY UT WOS:000345856900028 ER PT S AU Sridharan, V Stearley, J DeBardeleben, N Blanchard, S Gurumurthi, S AF Sridharan, Vilas Stearley, Jon DeBardeleben, Nathan Blanchard, Sean Gurumurthi, Sudhanva GP IEEE TI Feng Shui of Supercomputer Memory Positional Effects in DRAM and SRAM Faults SO 2013 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE FOR HIGH PERFORMANCE COMPUTING, NETWORKING, STORAGE AND ANALYSIS (SC) SE International Conference for High Performance Computing Networking Storage and Analysis LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference for High Performance Computing, Networking, Storage and Analysis (SC) CY NOV 17-22, 2013 CL Denver, CO SP Assoc Comp Machinery, IEEE Comp Soc ID LARGE-SCALE AB Several recent publications confirm that faults are common in high-performance computing systems. Therefore, further attention to the faults experienced by such computing systems is warranted. In this paper, we present a study of DRAM and SRAM faults in large high-performance computing systems. Our goal is to understand the factors that influence faults in production settings. We examine the impact of aging on DRAM, finding a marked shift from permanent to transient faults in the first two years of DRAM lifetime. We examine the impact of DRAM vendor, finding that fault rates vary by more than 4x among vendors. We examine the physical location of faults in a DRAM device and in a data center; contrary to prior studies, we find no correlations with either. Finally, we study the impact of altitude and rack placement on SRAM faults, finding that, as expected, altitude has a substantial impact on SRAM faults, and that top of rack placement correlates with 20% higher fault rate. C1 [Sridharan, Vilas] Adv Micro Devices Inc, RAS Architecture, Boxboro, MA 01719 USA. [Stearley, Jon] Sandia Natl Labs, Scalable Architectures, Albuquerque, NM USA. [DeBardeleben, Nathan; Blanchard, Sean] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ultrascale Syst Res, Los Alamos, NM USA. [Gurumurthi, Sudhanva] AMD Res, Adv Micro Dev Inc, Boxboro, MA USA. RP Sridharan, V (reprint author), Adv Micro Devices Inc, RAS Architecture, Boxboro, MA 01719 USA. EM vilas.sridharan@amd.com; jrstear@sandia.gov; ndebard@lanl.gov; seanb@lanl.gov; sudhanva.gurumurthi@amd.com FU MOSTI ScienceFund [06-01-01-SF0391]; [600-RMI/ST/FRGS 5/3/Fst(36/2011)] FX The authors would like to thank MOHE for supporting this research through MOHE FRGS grant number 600-RMI/ST/FRGS 5/3/Fst(36/2011) and MOSTI ScienceFund through grant number 06-01-01-SF0391 NR 24 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2167-4329 BN 978-1-4503-2378-9 J9 INT CONF HIGH PERFOR PY 2013 PG 11 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BB7OY UT WOS:000345856900023 ER PT S AU Wang, B Ethier, S Tang, W Williams, T Ibrahim, KZ Madduri, K Williams, S Oliker, L AF Wang, Bei Ethier, Stephane Tang, William Williams, Timothy Ibrahim, Khaled Z. Madduri, Kamesh Williams, Samuel Oliker, Leonid GP IEEE TI Kinetic Turbulence Simulations at Extreme Scale on Leadership-Class Systems SO 2013 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE FOR HIGH PERFORMANCE COMPUTING, NETWORKING, STORAGE AND ANALYSIS (SC) SE International Conference for High Performance Computing Networking Storage and Analysis LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference for High Performance Computing, Networking, Storage and Analysis (SC) CY NOV 17-22, 2013 CL Denver, CO SP Assoc Comp Machinery, IEEE Comp Soc ID GYROKINETIC PARTICLE SIMULATION; MICROTURBULENCE; PLASMAS AB Reliable predictive simulation capability addressing confinement properties in magnetically confined fusion plasmas is critically-important for ITER, a 20 billion dollar international burning plasma device under construction in France. The complex study of kinetic turbulence, which can severely limit the energy confinement and impact the economic viability of fusion systems, requires simulations at extreme scale for such an unprecedented device size. Our newly optimized, global, ab initio particle-in-cell code solving the nonlinear equations underlying gyrokinetic theory achieves excellent performance with respect to "time to solution" at the full capacity of the IBM Blue Gene/Q on 786,432 cores of Mira at ALCF and recently of the 1,572,864 cores of Sequoia at LLNL. Recent multithreading and domain decomposition optimizations in the new GTC-P code represent critically important software advances for modern, low memory per core systems by enabling routine simulations at unprecedented size (130 million grid points ITER-scale) and resolution (65 billion particles). C1 [Wang, Bei; Tang, William] Princeton Univ, Princeton Inst Computat Sci & Engn, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Ethier, Stephane; Tang, William] Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ USA. [Ibrahim, Khaled Z.; Madduri, Kamesh; Williams, Samuel; Oliker, Leonid] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Comp Res Div, Berkeley, CA USA. [Madduri, Kamesh] Penn State Univ, Comp Sci Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Williams, Timothy] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne Leadership Comp Fac, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Wang, B (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Princeton Inst Computat Sci & Engn, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. RI Wang, Bei/G-4605-2014 OI Wang, Bei/0000-0003-4942-9652 FU NSF [OCI-1128080/G8]; DOE [DE-AC02-09CH11466, DE-AC02-06CH11357]; DOE Office of Advanced Scientific Computing Research [DE-AC02-05CH-11231]; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-06CH11357, DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX Dr. Wang was supported by the NSF OCI-1128080/G8 Initiative: G8 Research Councils Initiative on Multilateral Research Funding. Authors from Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory were by the DOE contract DE-AC02-09CH11466. Authors from Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory were supported by the DOE Office of Advanced Scientific Computing Research under contract number DE-AC02-05CH-11231. Dr. T. Williams was supported by the DOE contract number DE-AC02-06CH11357. An award of computer time was provided by the Innovative and Novel Computational Impact on Theory and Experiment (INCITE) program. This research used resources of the Argonne Leadership Computing Facility, which is supported by the Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy under contract DE-AC02-06CH11357. This research used resources of the National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center, which is supported by the Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. The authors would also like to thank the NNSA for access to the Sequoia system at LLNL. Sequoia is dedicated to NNSA's Advanced Simulation and Computing (ASC) program for stewardship of the nation's nuclear weapons stockpile, a joint effort by LLNL, Los Alamos National Laboratory and Sandia National Laboratories. ASC advances high performance computing for national security, related science and engineering, and other national challenges. NR 22 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2167-4329 BN 978-1-4503-2378-9 J9 INT CONF HIGH PERFOR PY 2013 DI 10.1145/2503210.2503258 PG 12 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BB7OY UT WOS:000345856900083 ER PT S AU Wang, K Kulkarni, A Lang, M Arnold, D Raicu, I AF Wang, Ke Kulkarni, Abhishek Lang, Michael Arnold, Dorian Raicu, Ioan GP IEEE TI Using Simulation to Explore Distributed Key-Value Stores for Extreme-Scale System Services SO 2013 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE FOR HIGH PERFORMANCE COMPUTING, NETWORKING, STORAGE AND ANALYSIS (SC) SE International Conference for High Performance Computing Networking Storage and Analysis LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference for High Performance Computing, Networking, Storage and Analysis (SC) CY NOV 17-22, 2013 CL Denver, CO SP Assoc Comp Machinery, IEEE Comp Soc DE Key-Value Store; System Services; Discrete Event Simulation; Extreme Scales AB Owing to the significant high rate of component failures at extreme scales, system services will need to be failure-resistant, adaptive and self-healing. A majority of HPC services are still designed around a centralized paradigm and hence are susceptible to scaling issues. Peer-to-peer services have proved themselves at scale for wide-area internet workloads. Distributed key-value stores (KVS) are widely used as a building block for these services, but are not prevalent in HPC services. In this paper, we simulate KVS for various service architectures and examine the design trade-offs as applied to HPC service workloads to support extreme-scale systems. The simulator is validated against existing distributed KVS-based services. Via simulation, we demonstrate how failure, replication, and consistency models affect performance at scale. Finally, we emphasize the general use of KVS to HPC services by feeding real HPC service workloads into the simulator and presenting a KVS-based distributed job launch prototype. C1 [Wang, Ke; Raicu, Ioan] IIT, Chicago, IL 60616 USA. [Kulkarni, Abhishek] Indiana Univ, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. [Lang, Michael] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Arnold, Dorian] Univ New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. RP Wang, K (reprint author), IIT, Chicago, IL 60616 USA. EM kwang22@hawk.iit.edu; adkulkar@cs.indiana.edu; mlang@lanl.gov; darnold@cs.unm.edu; iraicu@cs.iit.edu FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-FC0206ER25750]; National Science Foundation [CNS-104254, NSF-1054974.]; Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy [DEAC0206CH11357]; [LA-UR-1225175] FX This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy under contract DE-FC0206ER25750, and in part by the National Science Foundation under award CNS-1042543 (PRObE). This work was also in collaboration with the FusionFS project supported by the National Science Foundation grant NSF-1054974. This research also used resources of the Argonne Leadership Computing Facility at Argonne National Laboratory, which is supported by the Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy under contract DEAC0206CH11357. The publication has been assigned the LANL identifier LA-UR-1225175. We thank Tonglin Li, Dongfang Zhao and Hakan Akkan for their help and suggestions. NR 30 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2167-4329 BN 978-1-4503-2378-9 J9 INT CONF HIGH PERFOR PY 2013 DI 10.1145/2503210.2503239 PG 12 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BB7OY UT WOS:000345856900010 ER PT S AU Warren, MS AF Warren, Michael S. GP IEEE TI 2HOT: An Improved Parallel Hashed Oct-Tree N-Body Algorithm for Cosmological Simulation SO 2013 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE FOR HIGH PERFORMANCE COMPUTING, NETWORKING, STORAGE AND ANALYSIS (SC) SE International Conference for High Performance Computing Networking Storage and Analysis LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference for High Performance Computing, Networking, Storage and Analysis (SC) CY NOV 17-22, 2013 CL Denver, CO SP Assoc Comp Machinery, IEEE Comp Soc ID HALO MASS FUNCTION; MULTIPOLE METHOD; 3 DIMENSIONS; CODE; UNIVERSALITY; PARAMETERS; EVOLUTION; TOOLKIT; SPHERE AB We report on improvements made over the past two decades to our adaptive treecode N-body method (HOT). A mathematical and computational approach to the cosmological N-body problem is described, with performance and scalability measured up to 256k (2(18)) processors. We present error analysis and scientific application results from a series of more than ten 69 billion (4096(3)) particle cosmological simulations, accounting for 4 x 10(20) floating point operations. These results include the first simulations using the new constraints on the standard model of cosmology from the Planck satellite. Our simulations set a new standard for accuracy and scientific throughput, while meeting or exceeding the computational efficiency of the latest generation of hybrid TreePM N-body methods. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Warren, MS (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM msw@lanl.gov NR 77 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2167-4329 BN 978-1-4503-2378-9 J9 INT CONF HIGH PERFOR PY 2013 DI 10.1145/2503210.2503220 PG 12 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BB7OY UT WOS:000345856900073 ER PT S AU Yuan, X Mahapatra, S Nienaber, W Pakin, S Lang, M AF Yuan, Xin Mahapatra, Santosh Nienaber, Wickus Pakin, Scott Lang, Michael GP IEEE TI A New Routing Scheme for Jellyfish and its Performance with HPC Workloads SO 2013 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE FOR HIGH PERFORMANCE COMPUTING, NETWORKING, STORAGE AND ANALYSIS (SC) SE International Conference for High Performance Computing Networking Storage and Analysis LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference for High Performance Computing, Networking, Storage and Analysis (SC) CY NOV 17-22, 2013 CL Denver, CO SP Assoc Comp Machinery, IEEE Comp Soc DE Interconnects; jellyfish; fat-tree; HPC workload; performace ID RANDOM REGULAR GRAPHS AB The jellyfish topology where switches are connected using a random graph has recently been proposed for large scale data-center networks. It has been shown to offer higher bisection bandwidth and better permutation throughput than the corresponding fat-tree topology with a similar cost. In this work, we propose a new routing scheme for jellyfish that out-performs existing schemes by more effectively exploiting the path diversity, and comprehensively compare the performance of jellyfish and fat-tree topologies with HPC workloads. The results indicate that both jellyfish and fat-tree topologies offer comparable high performance for HPC workloads on systems that can be realized by 3-level fat-trees using the current technology and the corresponding jellyfish topologies with similar costs. Fat-trees are more effective for smaller systems while jellyfish is more scalable. C1 [Yuan, Xin; Mahapatra, Santosh; Nienaber, Wickus] Florida State Univ, Dept Comp Sci, Tallahassee, FL 32312 USA. [Pakin, Scott; Lang, Michael] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA. RP Yuan, X (reprint author), Florida State Univ, Dept Comp Sci, Tallahassee, FL 32312 USA. EM xyuan@cs.fsu.edu; mahapatr@cs.fsu.edu; nienaber@cs.fsu.edu; pakin@lanl.gov; mlang@lanl.gov OI Pakin, Scott/0000-0002-5220-1985 FU U,S.Department of Energy [DE-FC02-06ER25750] FX This work was performed at the Ultrascale Systems Research Center (USRC) at Los Alamos National Laboratory, supported by the U,S.Department of Energy DE-FC02-06ER25750. The publication has been assigned the LANL identifier LA-UR-13-22450. NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2167-4329 BN 978-1-4503-2378-9 J9 INT CONF HIGH PERFOR PY 2013 DI 10.1145/2503210.2503229 PG 11 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BB7OY UT WOS:000345856900037 ER PT S AU Zhang, Z Katz, DS Armstrong, TG Wozniak, JM Foster, I AF Zhang, Zhao Katz, Daniel S. Armstrong, Timothy G. Wozniak, Justin M. Foster, Ian GP IEEE TI Parallelizing the Execution of Sequential Scripts SO 2013 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE FOR HIGH PERFORMANCE COMPUTING, NETWORKING, STORAGE AND ANALYSIS (SC) SE International Conference for High Performance Computing Networking Storage and Analysis LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference for High Performance Computing, Networking, Storage and Analysis (SC) CY NOV 17-22, 2013 CL Denver, CO SP Assoc Comp Machinery, IEEE Comp Soc DE Many-task computing; Parallel scripting; Shared file system ID HIGH-PERFORMANCE; OPERATIONS; ENGINE; MPICH AB Scripting is often used in science to create applications via the composition of existing programs. Parallel scripting systems allow the creation of such applications, but each system introduces the need to adopt a somewhat specialized programming model. We present an alternative scripting approach, AMFS Shell, that lets programmers express parallel scripting applications via minor extensions to existing sequential scripting languages, such as Bash, and then execute them in-memory on large-scale computers. We define a small set of commands between the scripts and a parallel scripting runtime system, so that programmers can compose their scripts in a familiar scripting language. The underlying AMFS implements both collective (fast file movement) and functional (transformation based on content) file management. Tasks are handled by AMFS's built-in execution engine. AMFS Shell is expressive enough for a wide range of applications, and the framework can run such applications efficiently on large-scale computers. C1 [Zhang, Zhao; Armstrong, Timothy G.] Univ Chicago, Dept Comp Sci, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Katz, Daniel S.; Foster, Ian] Univ Chicago, Computat Inst, Argonne Natl Lab, Chicago, IL USA. [Wozniak, Justin M.] Argonne Natl Lab, Math & Comp Sci Div, Chicago, IL USA. RP Zhang, Z (reprint author), Univ Chicago, Dept Comp Sci, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. EM zhaozhang@uchicago.edu; d.katz@ieee.org; tga@uchicago.edu; wozniak@mcs.anl.gov; foster@anl.gov OI Katz, Daniel S./0000-0001-5934-7525 FU U.S. Department of Energy under the ASCR X-Stack program [DE-SC0005380, DE-AC02-06CH11357]; National Science Foundation FX This work was supported in part by the U.S. Department of Energy under the ASCR X-Stack program (DE-SC0005380) and DE-AC02-06CH11357. Computing resources were provided by the Argonne Leadership Computing Facility. Work by Katz was supported by the National Science Foundation while working at the Foundation. Any opinion, finding, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily re ect the views of the National Science Foundation NR 33 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2167-4329 BN 978-1-4503-2378-9 J9 INT CONF HIGH PERFOR PY 2013 DI 10.1145/2503210.2503222 PG 12 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BB7OY UT WOS:000345856900032 ER PT S AU Zheng, F Yu, HF Hantas, C Wolf, M Eisenhauer, G Schwan, K Abbasi, H Klasky, S AF Zheng, Fang Yu, Hongfeng Hantas, Can Wolf, Matthew Eisenhauer, Greg Schwan, Karsten Abbasi, Hasan Klasky, Scott GP IEEE TI Gold Rush: Resource Efficient In Situ Scientific Data Analytics Using Fine-Grained Interference Aware Execution SO 2013 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE FOR HIGH PERFORMANCE COMPUTING, NETWORKING, STORAGE AND ANALYSIS (SC) SE International Conference for High Performance Computing Networking Storage and Analysis LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference for High Performance Computing, Networking, Storage and Analysis (SC) CY NOV 17-22, 2013 CL Denver, CO SP Assoc Comp Machinery, IEEE Comp Soc AB Severe I/O bottlenecks on High End Computing platforms call for running data analytics in situ. Demonstrating that there exist considerable resources in compute nodes un-used by typical high end scientific simulations, we leverage this fact by creating an agile runtime, termed Gold Rush, that can harvest those otherwise wasted, idle resources to efficiently run in situ data analytics. Gold Rush uses fine-grained scheduling to "steal" idle resources, in ways that minimize interference between the simulation and in situ analytics. This involves recognizing the potential causes of on-node resource contention and then using scheduling methods that prevent them. Experiments with representative science applications at large scales show that resources harvested on compute nodes can be leveraged to perform useful analytics, significantly improving resource efficiency, reducing data movement costs incurred by alternate solutions, and posing negligible impact on scientific simulations. C1 [Zheng, Fang; Hantas, Can; Wolf, Matthew; Eisenhauer, Greg; Schwan, Karsten] Georgia Inst Technol, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Yu, Hongfeng] Univ Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Wolf, Matthew; Abbasi, Hasan; Klasky, Scott] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. RP Zheng, F (reprint author), Georgia Inst Technol, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. NR 43 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2167-4329 BN 978-1-4503-2378-9 J9 INT CONF HIGH PERFOR PY 2013 DI 10.1145/2503210.2503279 PG 12 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BB7OY UT WOS:000345856900079 ER PT S AU Haack, J Akyol, B Tenney, N Carpenter, B Pratt, R Carroll, T AF Haack, Jereme Akyol, Bora Tenney, Nathan Carpenter, Brandon Pratt, Richard Carroll, Thomas GP IEEE TI VOLTTRON (TM) : An Agent Platform for Integrating Electric Vehicles and Smart Grid SO 2013 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON CONNECTED VEHICLES AND EXPO (ICCVE) SE International Conference on Connected Vehicles and Expo LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Conference on Connected Vehicles and Expo (ICCVE) CY DEC 02-06, 2013 CL Las Vegas, NV SP IEEE USA, World Acad Connected Vehicles, SAE Int, Transportat Res Board, Transportat Res Board, Standing Comm Intelligent Transportat Syst, Transportat Res Board, Standing Comm Vehicle Highway Automat, Transportat Res Board, Policy & Org Grp, Int Federat Automat Control, Int Federat Automat Control, Tech Comm Comp Control, Int Federat Automat Control, Tech Comm Telemat Control Commun Networks, Int Federat Automat Control, Tech Comm Human Machine Syst, Int Federat Automat Control, Tech Comm Large Scale Complex Syst, Int Federat Automat Control, Tech Comm Power & Energy Syst, Int Federat Automat Control, Tech Comm Automot Control, Int Federat Automat Control, Tech Comm Transportat Syst, Int Federat Automat Control, Tech Comm Social Impact Automat, Assoc Comp Machinery, Assoc Comp Machinery, Special Interest Grp Spatial Informat, IEEE Stand Assoc, IEEE Commun Soc, IEEE Comp Soc, IEEE Consumer Elect Soc, IEEE Ind Elect Soc, IEEE Intelligent Transportat Syst Soc, IEEE Vehicular Technol Soc, IEEE Power & Energy Soc, IEEE Power Elect Soc, IEEE Electromagnet Compatibility Soc, IEEE Prod Safety Engn Soc, IEEE Reliabil Soc, IEEE Syst Council, IEEE RFID Comm DE software agents; power system analysis computing AB The VOLTTRON (TM) platform provides a secure environment for the deployment of intelligent applications in the Smart Grid. The platform's design is based on the needs of control applications running on small form factor devices, namely security and resource guarantees. Services such as resource discovery, secure agent mobility, and interacting with smart and legacy devices are provided by the platform to ease the development of control applications and accelerate their deployment. VOLTTRON has been demonstrated in several different domains that influenced and enhanced its capabilities. This paper will discuss the features of VOLTTRON and highlight its usage to coordinate electric vehicle charging with home energy usage. C1 [Haack, Jereme; Akyol, Bora; Tenney, Nathan; Carpenter, Brandon; Pratt, Richard; Carroll, Thomas] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Haack, J (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM Jereme.Haack@pnnl.gov NR 9 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2378-1289 BN 978-1-4799-2491-2 J9 INT CONF CONNECT VEH PY 2013 BP 81 EP 86 DI 10.1109/ICCVE.2013.60 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Transportation Science & Technology SC Engineering; Transportation GA BC7JZ UT WOS:000354959800015 ER PT S AU Hao, KJ Robertson, AN Jonkman, J Driscoll, F Ng, EYK AF Hao, Koh Jian Robertson, Amy N. Jonkman, Jason Driscoll, Frederick Ng, Eddie Y. K. GP IEEE TI BUILDING AND CALIBRATION OF A FAST MODEL OF THE SWAY PROTOTYPE FLOATING WIND TURBINE SO 2013 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON RENEWABLE ENERGY RESEARCH AND APPLICATIONS (ICRERA) SE International Conference on Renewable Energy Research and Applications LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Renewable Energy Research and Applications (ICRERA) CY OCT 20-23, 2013 CL Madrid, SPAIN SP Int Journal Renewable Energy Res, Comillas Pontif Univ, IEEE, IEEE Power Elect Soc, IEEE Ind Applicat Soc, IBERDROLA, KBSoftware, Asociac Ingenieros ICAI, IEEE Secc Espana, IEEE Spanish Power Elect Ind Elect Joint Chapter, Univ Deusto, iMS, bime, Fraunhofer, INESCTEC, Aalborg Univ, CARTIF, EiC, European Commiss & Inst Elect Informat & Commun Engineers Japan, Natl Assoc Spanish ICAI Engineers DE offshore wind; FAST; aero-hydro-servo-elastic; open-water testing AB Present efforts to verify and validate aero-hydro-servoelastic numerical simulation tools that predict the dynamic response of a floating offshore wind turbine are primarily limited to code-to-code comparisons or code-to-data comparisons using data from wind-wave basin tests. In partnership with SWAY AS, the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) installed scientific wind, wave, and motion measurement equipment on the 1/6.5th-scale prototype SWAY floating wind system to collect data to validate a FAST model of the SWAY design in an open-water condition. Nanyang Technological University (NTU), through a collaboration with NREL, assisted in this validation. This paper shows the use of the results of the SWAY open-water tests to calibrate the numerical FAST model, which will be used for future validation efforts. First, the modeling strategies and development of the FAST model for the SWAY prototype wind turbine are presented, including justification of the modeling assumptions. Next, the model calibration. based on a subset of the free-decay test data. is shown. This process involved tuning properties of the FAST model where uncertainties existed to better match the response of the prototype wind turbine. Finally, limitations of the FAST model and potential areas of improvement of the project are discussed. C1 [Hao, Koh Jian; Ng, Eddie Y. K.] Nanyang Technol Univ, Singapore 639798, Singapore. [Robertson, Amy N.; Jonkman, Jason; Driscoll, Frederick] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO USA. RP Hao, KJ (reprint author), Nanyang Technol Univ, Singapore 639798, Singapore. RI Ng, Yin Kwee, Eddie/A-1375-2011 OI Ng, Yin Kwee, Eddie/0000-0002-5701-1080 NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2377-6897 BN 978-1-4799-1464-7 J9 INT CONF RENEW ENERG PY 2013 BP 788 EP 793 PG 6 WC Energy & Fuels SC Energy & Fuels GA BC5XZ UT WOS:000353637100139 ER PT S AU Lundquist, SY Paiton, DM Nowers, BM Schultz, PF Brumby, SP Jorgensen, AM Kenyon, GT AF Lundquist, S. Y. Paiton, D. M. Nowers, B. M. Schultz, P. F. Brumby, S. P. Jorgensen, A. M. Kenyon, G. T. GP IEEE TI Biologically Inspired Distributed Sensor Networks: Collective Signal Amplification via Ultra-Low Bandwidth Spike-Based Communication SO 2013 INTERNATIONAL JOINT CONFERENCE ON NEURAL NETWORKS (IJCNN) SE IEEE International Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IJCNN) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IJCNN) CY AUG 04-09, 2013 CL Dallas, TX SP Int Neural Network Soc, IEEE Computat Intelligence Soc ID MODEL AB Wireless networks of biologically inspired distributed sensors (BIDS) are hypothesized to enable improved overall detection accuracy using ultra-low power and low bandwidth spike-based communication between nodes. Unlike traditional sensor networks, in which nodes communicate via digital protocols that require precise decoding of binary signal packets, BIDS nodes communicate by broadcasting generic radio frequency pulses, or spikes. Individual BIDS nodes are modeled after leaky integrate-and-fire (LIF) neurons, in which both filtered sensory signals and inputs from other BIDS nodes are accumulated as capacitive charge that decays with a characteristic time constant. A BIDS node itself broadcasts a spike whenever its internal state exceeds a threshold value. Here we present detailed simulations of a BIDS network designed to detect a moving target-modeled as a pure acoustic tone with a translating origin-against a background of 1/ f noise. In the absence of a target, the average internal state is well below threshold and noise-induced spikes recruit little additional activity. In contrast, the presence of a target pushes the average internal state closer to threshold, such that each spike is now able to recruit additional spikes, leading to a chain reaction. Our results show that while individual BIDS nodes may be noisy and unreliable, a network of BIDS nodes is capable of highly reliable detection even when the signal-tonoise ratio (SNR) on individual nodes is low. We demonstrate that collective computation between nodes supports improved detection accuracy in a manner that is extremely robust to the damage or loss of individual nodes. C1 [Lundquist, S. Y.; Nowers, B. M.] New Mexico Inst Min & Technol NMT, Dept Comp Sci, Socorro, NM 87801 USA. [Jorgensen, A. M.] NMT, Dept Elect Engn, Socorro, NM 87801 USA. [Paiton, D. M.; Brumby, S. P.; Kenyon, G. T.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Schultz, P. F.; Kenyon, G. T.] New Mexico Consortium, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Lundquist, SY (reprint author), New Mexico Inst Min & Technol NMT, Dept Comp Sci, Socorro, NM 87801 USA. EM slundqui@nmt.edu; paiton@lanl.gov NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2161-4393 BN 978-1-4673-6129-3; 978-1-4673-6128-6 J9 IEEE IJCNN PY 2013 PG 9 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BC0TZ UT WOS:000349557200058 ER PT S AU Thomure, MD Mitchell, M Kenyon, GT AF Thomure, Michael D. Mitchell, Melanie Kenyon, Garrett T. GP IEEE TI On the Role of Shape Prototypes in Hierarchical Models of Vision SO 2013 INTERNATIONAL JOINT CONFERENCE ON NEURAL NETWORKS (IJCNN) SE IEEE International Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IJCNN) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IJCNN) CY AUG 04-09, 2013 CL Dallas, TX SP Int Neural Network Soc, IEEE Computat Intelligence Soc ID SPARSE REPRESENTATION; PATTERN-RECOGNITION; OBJECT RECOGNITION; CORTEX AB We investigate the role of learned shape-prototypes in an influential family of hierarchical neural-network models of vision. Central to these networks' design is a dictionary of learned shapes, which are meant to respond to discriminative visual patterns in the input. While higher-level features based on such learned prototypes have been cited as key for viewpointinvariant object-recognition in these models [1], [2], we show that high performance on invariant object-recognition tasks can be obtained by using a simple set of unlearned, "shape-free" features. This behavior is robust to the size of the network. These results call into question the roles of learning and shapespecificity in the success of such models on difficult vision tasks, and suggest that randomly constructed prototypes may provide a useful "universal" dictionary. C1 [Thomure, Michael D.; Mitchell, Melanie] Portland State Univ, Dept Comp Sci, Portland, OR 97207 USA. [Mitchell, Melanie] Santa Fe Inst, Santa Fe, NM USA. [Kenyon, Garrett T.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Thomure, MD (reprint author), Portland State Univ, Dept Comp Sci, Portland, OR 97207 USA. EM thomure@cs.pdx.edu; mm@cs.pdx.edu; gkenyon@lanl.gov NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2161-4393 BN 978-1-4673-6129-3; 978-1-4673-6128-6 J9 IEEE IJCNN PY 2013 PG 6 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BC0TZ UT WOS:000349557200205 ER PT J AU Shalf, J AF Shalf, John GP IEEE TI Exascale Computer Architecture Adjusting to the "New Normal" for Computing SO 2013 THIRD BERKELEY SYMPOSIUM ON ENERGY EFFICIENT ELECTRONIC SYSTEMS (E3S) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 3rd Berkeley Symposium on Energy Efficient Electronic Systems (E3S) CY OCT 28-29, 2013 CL Univ California, Berkley, CA SP Ctr Energy Efficient Elect Sci, NSF, IEEE, Electron Devices Soc, Lam Res, Appl Mater, Ctr Informat Technol Res Interest Soc HO Univ California C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Comp Res Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Shalf, J (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Comp Res Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM jshalf@lbl.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4799-3372-3 PY 2013 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BC0YF UT WOS:000349828300001 ER PT S AU Macal, CM North, MJ AF Macal, Charles M. North, Michael J. GP IEEE TI INTRODUCTORY TUTORIAL: AGENT-BASED MODELING AND SIMULATION SO 2013 WINTER SIMULATION CONFERENCE (WSC) SE Winter Simulation Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Winter Simulation Conference on Simulation - Making Decisions in a Complex World CY DEC 08-11, 2013 CL Washington, DC SP Assoc Comp Machinery, Special Interest Grp Simulat, Amer Stat Assoc, Arbeitsgemeinschaft Simulat, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Syst, Man, & Cybernet Soc, Inst Ind Engineers, Inst Operat Res & Management Sci, Simulat Soc, Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Soc Modeling & Simulat Int AB Agent-based simulation (ABS) is an approach to modeling systems comprised of individual, autonomous, interacting "agents." Agent-based modeling offers ways to more easily model individual behaviors and how behaviors affect others in ways that have not been available before. There is much interest in developing agent-based models for many application problem domains. Applications range from modeling agent behavior in supply chains and the stock market, to predicting the success of marketing campaigns and the spread of epidemics, to projecting the future needs of the healthcare system. Progress in the area suggests that ABS promises to have far-reaching effects on the way that businesses use computers to support decision-making and researchers use agent-based models as electronic laboratories to aid in discovery. This brief tutorial introduces agent-based modeling and simulation by describing the basic ideas of ABS, discussing some applications, and addressing methods for developing agent-based models. C1 [Macal, Charles M.; North, Michael J.] Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Complex Adapt Syst Simulat CAS2, Decis & Informat Sci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Macal, CM (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Complex Adapt Syst Simulat CAS2, Decis & Informat Sci Div, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM macal@anl.gov; north@anl.gov NR 59 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 15 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0891-7736 BN 978-1-4799-3950-3; 978-1-4799-2077-8 J9 WINT SIMUL C PROC PY 2013 BP 362 EP 376 PG 15 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BC0YO UT WOS:000349838400032 ER PT S AU Ouml;zmen, O Smith, J Yilmaz, L AF Oezmen, Oezguer Smith, Jeffrey Yilmaz, Levent GP IEEE TI AN AGENT-BASED SIMULATION STUDY OF A COMPLEX ADAPTIVE COLLABORATION NETWORK SO 2013 WINTER SIMULATION CONFERENCE (WSC) SE Winter Simulation Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Winter Simulation Conference on Simulation - Making Decisions in a Complex World CY DEC 08-11, 2013 CL Washington, DC SP Assoc Comp Machinery, Special Interest Grp Simulat, Amer Stat Assoc, Arbeitsgemeinschaft Simulat, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Syst, Man, & Cybernet Soc, Inst Ind Engineers, Inst Operat Res & Management Sci, Simulat Soc, Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Soc Modeling & Simulat Int AB One of the most significant problems in organizational scholarship is to discern how social collectives govern, organize, and coordinate the actions of individuals to achieve collective outcomes. The collectives are usually interpreted as complex adaptive systems (CAS). The understanding of CAS is more likely to arise with the help of computer-based simulations. In this tutorial, using agent-based modeling approach, a complex adaptive social communication network model is introduced. The objective is to present the underlying dynamics of the system in a form of computer simulation that enables analyzing the impacts of various mechanisms on network topologies and emergent behaviors. The ultimate goal is to further our understanding of the dynamics in the system and facilitate developing informed policies for decision-makers. C1 [Oezmen, Oezguer] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Computat Sci & Engn Div, Computat Data Analyt Grp, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. [Smith, Jeffrey] Auburn Univ, Samuel Ginn Coll Engn, Ind & Syst Engn, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. [Yilmaz, Levent] Auburn Univ, Samuel Ginn Coll Engn, Comp Sci & Software Engn, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. RP Ouml;zmen, O (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Computat Sci & Engn Div, Computat Data Analyt Grp, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. EM ozmeno@ornl.gov; jsmith@auburn.edu; yilmaz@auburn.edu FU National Science Foundation (NSF) [NSF-SBE-0830261]; Industrial and Systems Engineering Department assistantships/fellowships at Auburn University FX This research is partially funded by National Science Foundation (NSF) as authorized by the contract number NSF-SBE-0830261 and by the Industrial and Systems Engineering Department assistantships/fellowships at Auburn University. NR 30 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 6 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0891-7736 BN 978-1-4799-3950-3; 978-1-4799-2077-8 J9 WINT SIMUL C PROC PY 2013 BP 412 EP + PG 4 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BC0YO UT WOS:000349838400036 ER PT S AU Collier, N Ozik, J AF Collier, Nicholson Ozik, Jonathan GP IEEE TI TEST-DRIVEN AGENT-BASED SIMULATION DEVELOPMENT SO 2013 WINTER SIMULATION CONFERENCE (WSC) SE Winter Simulation Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Winter Simulation Conference on Simulation - Making Decisions in a Complex World CY DEC 08-11, 2013 CL Washington, DC SP Assoc Comp Machinery, Special Interest Grp Simulat, Amer Stat Assoc, Arbeitsgemeinschaft Simulat, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Syst, Man, & Cybernet Soc, Inst Ind Engineers, Inst Operat Res & Management Sci, Simulat Soc, Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Soc Modeling & Simulat Int AB Developing a useful agent-based model and simulation typically involves acquiring knowledge of the model's domain, developing the model itself, and then translating the model into software. This process can be complex and is an iterative one where changes in domain knowledge and model requirements or specifications can cause changes in the software that in turn may require additional modeling and domain knowledge. Test-driven development is a software development technique that can help ameliorate this complexity by evolving a loosely coupled flexible design, driven by the creation of many small, automated unit tests. When the focus shifts to writing small tests that exercise the simulations behavior, the larger problem of translating a conceptual model into working code is decomposed into a series of much smaller, more manageable and highly focused translations. This paper explores the application of this technique to agent-based simulation development with examples from Repast Simphony, ReLogo and Repast HPC. C1 [Collier, Nicholson; Ozik, Jonathan] Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Complex Adapt Agent Syst Simulat, Decis & Informat Sci Div, Argonne, IL 60649 USA. RP Collier, N (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Complex Adapt Agent Syst Simulat, Decis & Informat Sci Div, Argonne, IL 60649 USA. EM ncollier@anl.gov; jozik@anl.gov NR 12 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0891-7736 BN 978-1-4799-3950-3; 978-1-4799-2077-8 J9 WINT SIMUL C PROC PY 2013 BP 1551 EP 1559 PG 9 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BC0YO UT WOS:000349838401075 ER PT S AU Ozik, J Collier, NT Murphy, JT North, MJ AF Ozik, Jonathan Collier, Nicholson T. Murphy, John T. North, Michael J. GP IEEE TI THE RELOGO AGENT-BASED MODELING LANGUAGE SO 2013 WINTER SIMULATION CONFERENCE (WSC) SE Winter Simulation Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Winter Simulation Conference on Simulation - Making Decisions in a Complex World CY DEC 08-11, 2013 CL Washington, DC SP Assoc Comp Machinery, Special Interest Grp Simulat, Amer Stat Assoc, Arbeitsgemeinschaft Simulat, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Syst, Man, & Cybernet Soc, Inst Ind Engineers, Inst Operat Res & Management Sci, Simulat Soc, Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Soc Modeling & Simulat Int AB ReLogo is a new agent-based modeling (ABM) domain specific language (DSL) for developing agent-based models in the free and open source Repast Suite of ABM tools; the Java based Repast Simphony ABM toolkit and the C++ high performance computing Repast HPC toolkit both incorporate ReLogo. The language is geared towards a wide range of modeling and programming expertise, combining the sophisticated and powerful ABM infrastructure and capabilities in the Repast Suite with the ease of use of the Logo programming language and its associated programming idioms. This paper will present how ReLogo combines a number of concepts, including object-oriented programming, simple integration of existing code libraries, statically and dynamically typed languages, domain specific languages, and the use of integrated development environments, to create an ABM tool that is easy to learn yet is also capable of creating large scale ABMs of real world complex systems. C1 [Ozik, Jonathan; Collier, Nicholson T.; Murphy, John T.; North, Michael J.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Ozik, J (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM jozik@anl.gov; ncollier@anl.gov; phy@anl.gov; north@anl.gov NR 18 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0891-7736 BN 978-1-4799-3950-3; 978-1-4799-2077-8 J9 WINT SIMUL C PROC PY 2013 BP 1560 EP 1568 PG 9 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BC0YO UT WOS:000349838401076 ER PT S AU Goldsby, ME Pancerella, CM AF Goldsby, Michael E. Pancerella, Carmen M. GP IEEE TI MULTITHREADED AGENT-BASED SIMULATION SO 2013 WINTER SIMULATION CONFERENCE (WSC) SE Winter Simulation Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Winter Simulation Conference on Simulation - Making Decisions in a Complex World CY DEC 08-11, 2013 CL Washington, DC SP Assoc Comp Machinery, Special Interest Grp Simulat, Amer Stat Assoc, Arbeitsgemeinschaft Simulat, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Syst, Man, & Cybernet Soc, Inst Ind Engineers, Inst Operat Res & Management Sci, Simulat Soc, Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Soc Modeling & Simulat Int ID MULTIAGENT AB Multithreading can significantly increase the performance of large agent-based simulations on multicore systems, but agent-based software packages do not commonly offer adequate support for multithreading. This report describes alterations and additions made to the MASON agent-based simulation package that allow the application programmer to make use of multiple threads easily and without radical change to conventional agent-based programming style. The report confirms performance gains with the results of test runs. C1 [Goldsby, Michael E.; Pancerella, Carmen M.] Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Goldsby, ME (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, 7011 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM michaelegoldsby@gmail.com; carmen@sandia.gov NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0891-7736 BN 978-1-4799-3950-3; 978-1-4799-2077-8 J9 WINT SIMUL C PROC PY 2013 BP 1581 EP 1591 PG 11 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BC0YO UT WOS:000349838401078 ER PT S AU Martinez-Moyano, IJ Macal, CM AF Martinez-Moyano, Ignacio J. Macal, Charles M. GP IEEE TI EXPLORING FEEDBACK AND ENDOGENEITY IN AGENT-BASED MODELS SO 2013 WINTER SIMULATION CONFERENCE (WSC) SE Winter Simulation Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Winter Simulation Conference on Simulation - Making Decisions in a Complex World CY DEC 08-11, 2013 CL Washington, DC SP Assoc Comp Machinery, Special Interest Grp Simulat, Amer Stat Assoc, Arbeitsgemeinschaft Simulat, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Syst, Man, & Cybernet Soc, Inst Ind Engineers, Inst Operat Res & Management Sci, Simulat Soc, Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Soc Modeling & Simulat Int ID DYNAMICS AB Agent-based modeling is an approach used to describe systems composed of autonomous, independent, interactive, and potentially adaptive agents. Although agent-based models (ABMs) often include endogenous relationships that exist in agent-level interactions, such relationships are seldom salient when the structural elements of the models are analyzed and communicated. There are close relationships between agent-based modeling and other systems modeling techniques, such as the system dynamics approach. In system dynamics, feedback effects among major model components that can rapidly take systems far from equilibrium states are central to the modeling approach. In this paper we distinguish between structural endogeneity and behavioral endogeneity in models and derive an explicit representation of feedback and endogeneity in agent models-agent feedback diagrams. Finally, we describe a way that endogeneity and feedback may be highlighted in agent-based modeling and simulation. C1 [Martinez-Moyano, Ignacio J.; Macal, Charles M.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Martinez-Moyano, IJ (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM imartinez@anl.gov; macal@anl.gov NR 17 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0891-7736 BN 978-1-4799-3950-3; 978-1-4799-2077-8 J9 WINT SIMUL C PROC PY 2013 BP 1637 EP 1648 PG 12 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BC0YO UT WOS:000349838401083 ER PT S AU Brown, NJK Gearhart, JL Jones, DA Nozick, LK Romero, N Xu, NX AF Brown, Nathanael J. K. Gearhart, Jared L. Jones, Dean A. Nozick, Linda K. Romero, Natalia Xu, Ningxiong GP IEEE TI MULTI-OBJECTIVE OPTIMIZATION FOR BRIDGE RETROFIT TO ADDRESS EARTHQUAKE HAZARDS SO 2013 WINTER SIMULATION CONFERENCE (WSC) SE Winter Simulation Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Winter Simulation Conference on Simulation - Making Decisions in a Complex World CY DEC 08-11, 2013 CL Washington, DC SP Assoc Comp Machinery, Special Interest Grp Simulat, Amer Stat Assoc, Arbeitsgemeinschaft Simulat, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Syst, Man, & Cybernet Soc, Inst Ind Engineers, Inst Operat Res & Management Sci, Simulat Soc, Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Soc Modeling & Simulat Int ID NETWORK; RISK; PERFORMANCE AB Protecting infrastructures against natural hazards is a pressing national and international problem. Given the current budgetary climate, the ability to determine the best mitigation strategies with highly constrained budgets is essential. This papers describes a set of computationally efficient techniques to determine optimal infrastructure investment strategies, given multiple user objectives, that are consistent with an underlying earthquake hazard. These techniques include: optimization methods for developing representative events to characterize the hazard and the post-event condition of infrastructure components, a simulation model to characterize post-event infrastructure performance relative to multiple user objectives, and a multi-objective optimization algorithm for determining protection strategies. They are demonstrated using a case study of the highway network in Memphis, Tennessee. C1 [Brown, Nathanael J. K.; Gearhart, Jared L.; Jones, Dean A.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Nozick, Linda K.; Romero, Natalia; Xu, Ningxiong] Cornell Univ, Sch Civil & Environm Engn, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Brown, NJK (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM njbrown@sandia.gov; jlgearh@sandia.gov; dajones@sandia.gov; lkn3@cornell.edu; nr229@cornell.edu; nx22@cornell.edu NR 23 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0891-7736 BN 978-1-4799-3950-3; 978-1-4799-2077-8 J9 WINT SIMUL C PROC PY 2013 BP 2475 EP 2486 PG 12 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BC0YO UT WOS:000349838402070 ER PT J AU Stamber, KL Brown, TJ Pless, DJ Berscheid, A AF Stamber, K. L. Brown, T. J. Pless, D. J. Berscheid, A. BE Piantadosi, J Anderssen, RS Boland, J TI Modeling and Simulation for Homeland Security SO 20TH INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS ON MODELLING AND SIMULATION (MODSIM2013) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 20th International Congress on Modelling and Simulation (MODSIM) CY DEC 01-06, 2013 CL Adelaide, AUSTRALIA SP CSIRO, Univ S Australia, Ctr Ind & Appl Math, Australian Govt, Bur Meteorol, GOYDER Inst, Govt S Australia, Australian Math Soc, Australian Math Sci Inst, Simulat Australia, Australian & New Zealand Ind & Appl Math DE critical infrastructure; modeling; analysis; National Infrastructure Simulation and Analysis Center; NISAC ID PANDEMIC INFLUENZA AB Critical infrastructure and its interdependencies play a vital role in our daily functions. Our economies, government, and way of life depend on the sound function of these integrated systems. Analysis of these systems, however, has historically been limited: system owners and operators have limited information outside their domain space (and that legal impediments often limit their ability to better understand the broader system), and very few entities have the desire to better understand these systems as a whole, let alone their interconnections. The National Infrastructure Simulation and Analysis Center (NISAC) is one such entity. NISAC, a program managed by the U.S. Department of Homeland Security (DHS) and comprised of a core partnership of Sandia National Laboratories (SNL) and Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), draws on years of modeling experience of various types, focused on infrastructure, population, and the economy, to examine questions pertinent to DHS regarding the function of economy and critical infrastructure of the United States (see Figure 1). This paper is designed to provide a background on the NISAC program as a whole, including a description of the legislative and funding history behind the program. Additionally, a review of the program's early days, and the modeling and simulation tools developed for other customers that were repurposes and enhanced to meet homeland security mission space is performed. The beginnings of rapid response analysis are discussed; these grew in significance as the result of events such as Hurricane Katrina, and brought about changes both to processes and tool development. These events also led to a change in NISAC's analytic thought process, from an exclusively reactive one to an increasingly proactive one; this change in thought has led to the development of capabilities to address as-yet unseen events that provide US DHS both with benchmark analyses that can be used in the events of a similar event, as well as capabilities to address similar real-world problems. A review of the path ahead for NISAC highlights both the challenges and potential for the program as it moves into its second decade. [GRAPHICS] C1 [Stamber, K. L.; Brown, T. J.; Pless, D. J.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Berscheid, A.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA. RP Stamber, KL (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM klstamb@sandia.gov NR 23 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MODELLING & SIMULATION SOC AUSTRALIA & NEW ZEALAND INC PI CHRISTCHURCH PA MSSANZ, CHRISTCHURCH, 00000, NEW ZEALAND BN 978-0-9872143-3-1 PY 2013 BP 1103 EP 1109 PG 7 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Operations Research & Management Science; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Computer Science; Operations Research & Management Science; Mathematics GA BD0EH UT WOS:000357105901019 ER PT B AU Chen, DC AF Chen, Diana C. BE Kubby, JA TI Adaptive Optics System Alignment and Assembly SO ADAPTIVE OPTICS FOR BIOLOGICAL IMAGING LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Chen, DC (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4398-5019-0; 978-1-4398-5018-3 PY 2013 BP 151 EP 173 D2 10.1201/b14898 PG 23 WC Microscopy; Optics SC Microscopy; Optics GA BC2ZF UT WOS:000351461200011 ER PT B AU Xu, SH Jewell, B Steed, C Schryver, J AF Xu, Songhua Jewell, Brian Steed, Chad Schryver, Jack BE Duffy, VG TI A New Collaborative Tool for Visually Understanding National Health Indicators SO ADVANCES IN HUMAN ASPECTS OF HEALTHCARE SE Advances in Human Factors and Ergonomics Series LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE National health indicators warehouse; visual analytics; heatmap; scatterplot; online collaborative analysis platform AB We propose a new online collaborative tool for visually understanding national health indicators, which facilitates the full spectrum of investigation of indicators, from an overview of all the correlation coefficients between variables, to investigation of subsets of selected variables, and to individual data element analysis. This tool is publicly accessible at http://cda.ornl.gov/heat/heatmap.html. In this paper, we discuss the key issues regarding the interface design and implementation. We also illustrate how to use our interface for analyzing the health indicator dataset by showing some key system views. In the end, we introduce and discuss some ongoing research efforts extending this work. C1 [Xu, Songhua; Jewell, Brian; Steed, Chad; Schryver, Jack] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Xu, SH (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM xus1@ornl.gov; jewellbc@ornl.gov; steedca@ornl.gov; schryverjc@ornl.gov NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4398-7022-8; 978-1-4398-7021-1 J9 ADV HUM FACT ERG SER JI ADV. HUMAN FACT. ERG. SER PY 2013 BP 91 EP 100 PG 10 WC Ergonomics; Health Policy & Services SC Engineering; Health Care Sciences & Services GA BC3OW UT WOS:000351774500011 ER PT B AU Harl, N Dancer, M Balakrishnan, SN Ohlmeyer, EJ Phillips, C AF Harl, Nathan Dancer, Michael Balakrishnan, S. N. Ohlmeyer, Ernest J. Phillips, C. BA Balakrishnan, SN Tsourdos, A White, BA BF Balakrishnan, SN Tsourdos, A White, BA TI Integrated Guidance and Control for Missiles SO ADVANCES IN MISSILE GUIDANCE, CONTROL, AND ESTIMATION SE Automation and Control Engineering Series LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID AUTOPILOT DESIGN C1 [Harl, Nathan] Sandia Natl Labs, Integrated Mil Syst Dev Ctr, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Dancer, Michael] IST Rolla, Rolla, MO USA. [Balakrishnan, S. N.] Missouri Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Rolla, MO USA. [Ohlmeyer, Ernest J.] Aero Sci Applicat, King George, VA USA. [Phillips, C.] Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Dahlgren Div, Dahlgren, VA USA. RP Harl, N (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Integrated Mil Syst Dev Ctr, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 24 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4200-8314-9; 978-1-4200-8313-2 J9 AUTOM CONTROL ENG SE PY 2013 BP 157 EP 193 PG 37 WC Automation & Control Systems SC Automation & Control Systems GA BC2TM UT WOS:000351308100007 ER PT J AU Song, WK Kim, HM Rutqvist, J AF Song, Won-Kyong Kim, Hyung-Mok Rutqvist, Jonny BE Zhou, Y Cai, J Sterling, R TI NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF COUPLED THERMODYNAMIC AND GEOMECHANICAL PERFORMANCE OF CAES PILOT CAVERN SO ADVANCES IN UNDERGROUND SPACE DEVELOPMENT LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 13th World Conference of Associated-Research-Centers-for-the-Urban-Underground-Space (ACUUS) CY NOV 07-09, 2012 CL Singapore, SINGAPORE SP Assoc Res Ctr Urban Underground Space, Soc Rock Mech & Engn Geol DE Compressed air energy storage (CAES); Lined rock cavern (LRC); Coupled modeling ID AIR ENERGY-STORAGE; LINED ROCK CAVERNS AB Coupled nonisothermal, multiphase fluid flow and geomechanical numerical modeling was applied to study the thermodynamic and geomechanical performance of underground compressed air energy storage (CAES) in concrete-lined rock caverns. Through the simulation of a storage operation including cyclic compression and decompression of air in the cavern, how pressure, temperature and stress evolve over several months of operation was investigated. The results showed that tensile effective stresses could develop in the lining as a result of the air pressure exerted on the inner surface of the lining. The tensile tangential stresses resulted in radial cracks and air leakage though the lining. This air leakage, however, was minor in terms of CAES operational efficiency, and not significantly impact the overall efficiency of the CAES system. C1 [Song, Won-Kyong; Kim, Hyung-Mok] Korea Inst Geosci & Mineral Resources, Underground Space Dept, Taejon, South Korea. [Rutqvist, Jonny] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM songwk@kigam.re.kr; kimh@kigam.re.kr; jrutqvist@lbl.gov RI Rutqvist, Jonny/F-4957-2015 OI Rutqvist, Jonny/0000-0002-7949-9785 NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU RESEARCH PUBLISHING SERVICES PI SINGAPORE PA NO 83 GENTING LANE, #08-01, GENTING BUILDING, SINGAPORE, 349568, SINGAPORE BN 978-981-07-3757-3 PY 2013 BP 399 EP 407 DI 10.3850/978-981-07-3757-3_RP-162-P191 PG 9 WC Architecture; Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Geological; Urban Studies SC Architecture; Engineering; Urban Studies GA BC0WC UT WOS:000349674600043 ER PT J AU Jacob, RE Carson, JP AF Jacob, R. E. Carson, J. P. TI Rapid Assessment Of Heterogeneity In CT Images Of Healthy And Emphysematous Rat Lungs Using Variogram Analysis Of An Octree Decomposition SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Jacob, R. E.; Carson, J. P.] Pacific Northwest Natl Lab, Richland, WA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER THORACIC SOC PI NEW YORK PA 25 BROADWAY, 18 FL, NEW YORK, NY 10004 USA SN 1073-449X EI 1535-4970 J9 AM J RESP CRIT CARE JI Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. PY 2013 VL 187 MA A6019 PG 2 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA V45TH UT WOS:000209838403009 ER PT J AU Kottmann, RM Kulkarni, AA Lyda, E Hu, J Phipps, R Sime, PJ AF Kottmann, R. M. Kulkarni, A. A. Lyda, E. Hu, J. Phipps, R. Sime, P. J. TI The Lactate Dehydrogenase Inhibitor Gossypol Inhibits Bleomycin Induced Pulmonary Fibrosis SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Kottmann, R. M.; Kulkarni, A. A.; Lyda, E.; Sime, P. J.] Univ Rochester, Rochester, NY USA. [Hu, J.] Pacific Northwest Natl Lab, Richland, WA USA. [Phipps, R.] Univ Rochester, Med Ctr, Rochester, NY 14642 USA. EM matt_Kottmann@urmc.rochester.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER THORACIC SOC PI NEW YORK PA 25 BROADWAY, 18 FL, NEW YORK, NY 10004 USA SN 1073-449X EI 1535-4970 J9 AM J RESP CRIT CARE JI Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. PY 2013 VL 187 MA A5656 PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA V45TH UT WOS:000209838402424 ER PT J AU North, M Bragen, M Collier, N Stenmark, K Alexander, J Edwards, R AF North, M. Bragen, M. Collier, N. Stenmark, K. Alexander, J., Jr. Edwards, R. TI A New Methodology For Analysis Of Dispersion In Pulmonary Vascular Branching SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [North, M.; Bragen, M.; Collier, N.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Stenmark, K.] Univ Colorado, Denver, CO 80202 USA. [Alexander, J., Jr.] Pfizer Inc, New York, NY USA. [Edwards, R.] Northeastern Univ, Boston, MA 02115 USA. EM lindsay.boone@chcinc.com NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER THORACIC SOC PI NEW YORK PA 25 BROADWAY, 18 FL, NEW YORK, NY 10004 USA SN 1073-449X EI 1535-4970 J9 AM J RESP CRIT CARE JI Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. PY 2013 VL 187 MA A2373 PG 2 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA V45TO UT WOS:000209839101545 ER PT J AU Szema, AM Hamidi, SA Smith, D Benveniste, H AF Szema, A. M. Hamidi, S. A. Smith, D. Benveniste, H. TI Further Analysis Of Genotypic-Phenotypic Characterization Of The Heart In Vip Knockout Mice SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Szema, A. M.] Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Northport, NY USA. [Hamidi, S. A.; Benveniste, H.] SUNY Stony Brook, Sch Med, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. [Smith, D.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM sayyed.hamidi@stonybrook.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER THORACIC SOC PI NEW YORK PA 25 BROADWAY, 18 FL, NEW YORK, NY 10004 USA SN 1073-449X EI 1535-4970 J9 AM J RESP CRIT CARE JI Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. PY 2013 VL 187 MA A4656 PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA V45TH UT WOS:000209838401299 ER PT J AU Tatara, E North, M Collier, N Alexander, J Edwards, R Kosanovic, D Ghofrani, HA Schermuly, RT AF Tatara, E. North, M. Collier, N. Alexander, J., Jr. Edwards, R. Kosanovic, D. Ghofrani, H. A. Schermuly, R. T. TI Large-Scale Experimental Data Representation For The Monocrotaline Rat Model Of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension And Application To Computational Simulation SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Tatara, E.; North, M.; Collier, N.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Alexander, J., Jr.] Pfizer Inc, New York, NY USA. [Edwards, R.] Northeastern Univ, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Kosanovic, D.; Ghofrani, H. A.; Schermuly, R. T.] Justus Liebig Univ Giessen, Univ Giessen Lung Ctr, Giessen, Germany. [Kosanovic, D.; Ghofrani, H. A.; Schermuly, R. T.] Justus Liebig Univ Giessen, Univ Marburg Lung Ctr, Giessen, Germany. EM lindsay.boone@chcinc.com NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER THORACIC SOC PI NEW YORK PA 25 BROADWAY, 18 FL, NEW YORK, NY 10004 USA SN 1073-449X EI 1535-4970 J9 AM J RESP CRIT CARE JI Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. PY 2013 VL 187 MA A4621 PG 2 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA V45TH UT WOS:000209838401264 ER PT B AU Baker, SE AF Baker, Scott E. BE Gupta, VK Schmoll, M Mazutti, MA Maki, M Tuohy, MG TI APPLICATIONS OF MICROBIAL ENGINEERING Foreword SO APPLICATIONS OF MICROBIAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Editorial Material; Book Chapter C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, EMSL, Biol, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Baker, SE (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, EMSL, Biol, 902 Battelle Blvd POB 999,MSIN P8-60, Richland, WA 99352 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4665-8578-2; 978-1-4665-8577-5 PY 2013 BP V EP V PG 1 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA BC5IT UT WOS:000353305000001 ER PT J AU Achler, T AF Achler, Tsvi TI Neural networks that perform recognition using generative error may help fill the "Neuro-Symbolic Gap" SO BIOLOGICALLY INSPIRED COGNITIVE ARCHITECTURES LA English DT Article DE Feedforward neural; networks; Generative error; Generative model; Symbolic representations; Recognition and classification; Supervised recognition AB Matching the brain's ability to quickly incorporate new information and have it immediately available for logic and inference remains difficult using feedforward neural network recognition models. Feedforward neural network weights are difficult to modify and are sub-symbolic: they cannot be easily used for logic and reasoning. This work shows that by implementing neural network dynamics differently, during the testing phase instead of the training phase, pattern recognition can be performed using more flexible and symbolically-relevant weights. This advancement is an important step towards the merging of neural-symbolic representations, flexibility, memory, and reasoning with pattern recognition. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret T5, Cognit Comp Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Achler, T (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret T5, Cognit Comp Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM achler@gmail.com NR 29 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 2212-683X EI 2212-6848 J9 BIOL INSPIR COGN ARC JI Biol. Inspired Cogn. Archit. PD JAN PY 2013 VL 3 BP 6 EP 12 DI 10.1016/j.bica.2012.10.001 PG 7 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Neurosciences SC Computer Science; Neurosciences & Neurology GA V38RC UT WOS:000209359500002 ER PT J AU Ilie, G Werner, V Radeck, D Ahn, T Bettermann, L Casperson, RJ Chevrier, R Cooper, NM Heinz, A Holland, E Mccarthy, D Smith, MK Terry, JR Williams, E Beausang, CW Bonniwell, TC Pauertein, B AF Ilie, G. Werner, V. Radeck, D. Ahn, T. Bettermann, L. Casperson, R. J. Chevrier, R. Cooper, N. M. Heinz, A. Holland, E. Mccarthy, D. Smith, M. K. Terry, J. R. Williams, E. Beausang, C. W. Bonniwell, T. C. Pauertein, B. BE Garrett, PE Hadinia, B TI LIFETIME AND RELATIVE g FACTOR MEASUREMENTS IN Pd-104,Pd-106,Pd-108 SO CAPTURE GAMMA-RAY SPECTROSCOPY AND RELATED TOPICS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 14th International Symposium on Capture Gamma-Ray Spectroscopy and Related Topics (CGS) CY AUG 28-SEP 02, 2011 CL Univ Guelph, Guelph, CANADA HO Univ Guelph DE Plunger; lifetime; relative g factor; recoil distance doppler shift method; Coulomb excitation; inverse kinematics AB The lifetimes and the relative g factors of the first excited states in Pd-104,Pd-106,Pd-108 are reported here. The first 2(1)(+) state in these Pd isotopes were excited by inverse kinematics Coulomb excitation on a Mg-24 target and the lifetime was measured by the Recoil Distance Doppler Shift with the New Yale Plunger Device combined with the SPEEDY array of Clover detectors. The results show the feasibility of the new method, which should be applicable to experiments with radioactive ion beams. C1 [Ilie, G.; Werner, V.; Radeck, D.; Ahn, T.; Bettermann, L.; Casperson, R. J.; Chevrier, R.; Cooper, N. M.; Heinz, A.; Holland, E.; Mccarthy, D.; Smith, M. K.; Terry, J. R.; Williams, E.] Yale Univ, Wright Nucl Struct Lab, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [Ilie, G.] Natl Inst Phys & Nucl Engn, Bucharest, Romania. [Radeck, D.; Bettermann, L.] Univ Cologne, Inst Kernphys, D-5037 Cologne, Germany. [Chevrier, R.] Univ Caen Basse Normandie, Dept Phys, F-14000 Caen, France. [Heinz, A.] Chalmers, Dept Fundamental Phys, S-41296 Gothenburg, Sweden. [Mccarthy, D.] Univ Surrey, Dept Phys, Guildford GU2 7XH, England. [Terry, J. R.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA. [Beausang, C. W.; Bonniwell, T. C.; Pauertein, B.] Univ Richmond, Dept Phys, Richmond, VA 23173 USA. FU US DOE [DE-FG0291ER-40609] FX We are grateful to N. Benzcer-Koller, G. Kumbartzki and A. Stuchbery for useful discussions. Work supported by the US DOE under Grant number DE-FG0291ER-40609. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA PO BOX 128 FARRER RD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE BN 978-981-4383-63-9 PY 2013 BP 87 EP 92 PG 6 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA BG8QS UT WOS:000392645700012 ER PT J AU Cromaz, M AF Cromaz, M. BE Garrett, PE Hadinia, B TI THE GRETINA SPECTROMETER SO CAPTURE GAMMA-RAY SPECTROSCOPY AND RELATED TOPICS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 14th International Symposium on Capture Gamma-Ray Spectroscopy and Related Topics (CGS) CY AUG 28-SEP 02, 2011 CL Univ Guelph, Guelph, CANADA HO Univ Guelph ID RAY TRACKING DETECTORS C1 [Cromaz, M.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM mcromaz@lbl.gov NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA PO BOX 128 FARRER RD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE BN 978-981-4383-63-9 PY 2013 BP 167 EP 173 PG 7 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA BG8QS UT WOS:000392645700024 ER PT J AU Chyzh, A Wu, CY Kwan, E Henderson, RA Gostic, JM Ullmann, JL Bredeweg, TA Jandel, M Couture, AJ O'Donnell, JM Haight, RC Lee, HY AF Chyzh, A. Wu, C. Y. Kwan, E. Henderson, R. A. Gostic, J. M. Ullmann, J. L. Bredeweg, T. A. Jandel, M. Couture, A. J. O'Donnell, J. M. Haight, R. C. Lee, H. Y. BE Garrett, PE Hadinia, B TI NEUTRON CAPTURE AND FISSION MEASUREMENTS ON ACTINIDES AT DANCE SO CAPTURE GAMMA-RAY SPECTROSCOPY AND RELATED TOPICS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 14th International Symposium on Capture Gamma-Ray Spectroscopy and Related Topics (CGS) CY AUG 28-SEP 02, 2011 CL Univ Guelph, Guelph, CANADA HO Univ Guelph DE Neutron capture; spontaneous fission; DANCE; Cf-252; Pu-238; gamma-ray energy; multiplicity AB The prompt gamma-ray energy and multiplicity distributions in the spontaneous fission of (252) Cf have been measured using a highly granular 4 pi gamma-ray calorimeter. Corrections were made for both energy and multiplicity distributions according to the detector response, which is simulated numerically using a model validated with the gamma-ray calibration sources. A comparison of the total gamma-ray energy distribution was made between the measurement and a simulation by random sampling of the corrected gamma-ray energy and multiplicity distributions through the detector response. A reasonable agreement is achieved between the measurement and simulation, indicating weak correlations between gamma-ray energy and multiplicity. Moreover, the increasing agreement with increasing multiplicity manifests the stochastic aspect of the prompt gamma decay in spontaneous fission. This calorimeter was designed for the study of neutron capture reactions and an example is given, where the Pu-238(n,gamma) measurement was carried out in the laboratory environment for the first time. C1 [Chyzh, A.; Wu, C. Y.; Kwan, E.; Henderson, R. A.; Gostic, J. M.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Ullmann, J. L.; Bredeweg, T. A.; Jandel, M.; Couture, A. J.; O'Donnell, J. M.; Haight, R. C.; Lee, H. Y.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM chyzh1@llanl.gov; ullmann@lanl.gov; acouture@lanl.gov; haight@lanl.gov FU US Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Security, LLC [DE-AC52-07NA27344]; Los Alamos National Security, LLC [DE-AC52-06NA25396] FX We thank Prof. D. Gogny for many fruitful discussions during the course of this work. This work performed under the auspices of the US Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Security, LLC under contract DE-AC52-07NA27344 and by Los Alamos National Security, LLC under contract DE-AC52-06NA25396. NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA PO BOX 128 FARRER RD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE BN 978-981-4383-63-9 PY 2013 BP 229 EP 237 PG 9 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA BG8QS UT WOS:000392645700032 ER PT J AU Haight, RC Bredeweg, TA Devlin, M Gavron, A Jandel, M O'Donnell, JM Wender, SA Belier, G Granier, T Laurent, B Taieb, J Danon, Y Thompson, JT AF Haight, R. C. Bredeweg, T. A. Devlin, M. Gavron, A. Jandel, M. O'Donnell, J. M. Wender, S. A. Belier, G. Granier, T. Laurent, B. Taieb, J. Danon, Y. Thompson, J. T. BE Garrett, PE Hadinia, B TI LEAD SLOWING-DOWN SPECTROMETER RESEARCH AT LANSCE SO CAPTURE GAMMA-RAY SPECTROSCOPY AND RELATED TOPICS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 14th International Symposium on Capture Gamma-Ray Spectroscopy and Related Topics (CGS) CY AUG 28-SEP 02, 2011 CL Univ Guelph, Guelph, CANADA HO Univ Guelph ID CROSS-SECTION MEASUREMENTS; NEUTRON SOURCES AB The lead slowing-down spectrometer (LSDS) at Los Alamos is a 20 ton cube of lead with numerous channels, one for the proton beam from the LANSCE accelerator and others for samples and detectors. A pulsed spallation neutron source at the center of the cube is produced by the 800 MeV proton beam incident on an air-cooled tungsten target. Neutrons from this source are quickly downscattered by various reactions until their energies are less than the first excited state of Pb-207 (0.57 MeV). After that, the neutrons slow down by elastic scattering where they lose on the average 1% of their energy per collision. The mean energy of the neutron distribution then changes with time as E similar to 1/(t +t(0))(2), where "t(o)" is a constant. The low neutron absorption cross section of lead and multiple scattering of the neutrons leads to a very large neutron flux, approximately 1000 times that available in beams at the intense neutron source at the Lujan Center at LANSCE. Thus nuclear cross sections can be measured with very small samples, or conversely, very small cross sections can be measured with somewhat larger samples. Present research with the LSDS at LANSCE includes measuring fission cross sections on short-lived isotopes such as U-237, developing techniques to measure (n,p) and (n,alpha) cross sections, testing new types of detectors for use in the extreme radiation environment, and, in an applied context, assessing the possibility of measuring the isotopic content of actinide samples with the eventual goal of characterizing fresh and used reactor fuel rods. C1 [Haight, R. C.; Bredeweg, T. A.; Devlin, M.; Gavron, A.; Jandel, M.; O'Donnell, J. M.; Wender, S. A.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos Neutron Sci Ctr, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Belier, G.; Granier, T.; Laurent, B.; Taieb, J.] CEA, DAM, DIF, F-91297 Arpajon, France. [Danon, Y.; Thompson, J. T.] Rensselaer Polytech Inst, Gaerttner LINAC Lab, Troy, NY 12180 USA. EM haight@lanl.gov RI Devlin, Matthew/B-5089-2013 OI Devlin, Matthew/0000-0002-6948-2154 FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC52-06NA25396, DE-FG03-03NA00079, DE-FG52-06NA26202, DE-FG52-09NA29453] FX This work is supported by the U.S. Department of Energy Contract No. DE-AC52-06NA25396 and Grant Nos: DE-FG03-03NA00079, DE-FG52-06NA26202, DE-FG52-09NA29453. NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA PO BOX 128 FARRER RD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE BN 978-981-4383-63-9 PY 2013 BP 244 EP 253 PG 10 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA BG8QS UT WOS:000392645700034 ER PT J AU Bernstein, LA Bleuel, DL Caggiano, JA Cerjan, C Gostic, JM Grafil, E Hatarik, R Hartouni, EP Hoffman, R Sayre, D Schneider, DHG Shaughnessy, D Stoeffl, W Yeamans, C Greife, U Larson, R Hudson, M Herrmann, H Kim, Y Young, CS Mack, J Wilson, D Batha, S Hoffman, N Langenbrunner, J Evans, S AF Bernstein, L. A. Bleuel, D. L. Caggiano, J. A. Cerjan, C. Gostic, J. M. Grafil, E. Hatarik, R. Hartouni, E. P. Hoffman, R. Sayre, D. Schneider, D. H. G. Shaughnessy, D. Stoeffl, W. Yeamans, C. Greife, U. Larson, R. Hudson, M. Herrmann, H. Kim, Y. Young, C. S. Mack, J. Wilson, D. Batha, S. Hoffman, N. Langenbrunner, J. Evans, S. BE Garrett, PE Hadinia, B TI NUCLEAR PHYSICS USING NIF SO CAPTURE GAMMA-RAY SPECTROSCOPY AND RELATED TOPICS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 14th International Symposium on Capture Gamma-Ray Spectroscopy and Related Topics (CGS) CY AUG 28-SEP 02, 2011 CL Univ Guelph, Guelph, CANADA HO Univ Guelph ID NUCLEOSYNTHESIS AB The National Ignition Facility (NIF) is the world's premier inertial confinement fusion facility designed to achieve sustained thermonuclear burn (ignition) through the compression of hydrogen isotopic fuels to densities in excess of 10(3) g/cm(3) and temperatures in excess of 100 MK. These plasma conditions are very similar to that found in the cores of Asymptotic Giant Branch (AGB) stars where the s-process takes place, but with a neutron fluence per year 10(4) times greater than a star. These conditions make NIF an excellent laboratory to measure s-process (n,gamma) cross sections in a stellar-like plasma for the first time. Starting in Fall 2009, NIF has been operating regularly with 2-4 shots being performed weekly. These experiments have allowed the first in situ calibration of the detectors and diagnostics needed to measure neutron capture, including solid debris collection and prompt gamma-ray detection. In this paper, the NIF facility and capsule environment are described and two approaches for measuring s-process neutron capture cross sections using NIF are presented. C1 [Bernstein, L. A.; Bleuel, D. L.; Caggiano, J. A.; Cerjan, C.; Gostic, J. M.; Grafil, E.; Hatarik, R.; Hartouni, E. P.; Hoffman, R.; Sayre, D.; Schneider, D. H. G.; Shaughnessy, D.; Stoeffl, W.; Yeamans, C.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. [Greife, U.; Larson, R.; Hudson, M.] Colorado Sch Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Herrmann, H.; Kim, Y.; Young, C. S.; Mack, J.; Wilson, D.; Batha, S.; Hoffman, N.; Langenbrunner, J.; Evans, S.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM bernstein2@llnl.gov; haight@lanl.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC52-07NA27344] FX Work supported by the U.S. Department of Energy under contract # DE-AC52-07NA27344. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 4 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA PO BOX 128 FARRER RD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE BN 978-981-4383-63-9 PY 2013 BP 260 EP 269 PG 10 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA BG8QS UT WOS:000392645700036 ER PT J AU Roig, O Meot, V Daugas, JM Morel, P Jandel, M Vieira, DJ Bond, EM Bredeweg, TA Couture, AJ Haight, RC Keksis, AL Rundberg, RS Ullmann, JL Wouters, JM AF Roig, O. Meot, V. Daugas, J. -M. Morel, P. Jandel, M. Vieira, D. J. Bond, E. M. Bredeweg, T. A. Couture, A. J. Haight, R. C. Keksis, A. L. Rundberg, R. S. Ullmann, J. L. Wouters, J. M. BE Garrett, PE Hadinia, B TI NEUTRON CAPTURE REACTIONS ON Lu ISOTOPES AT DANCE SO CAPTURE GAMMA-RAY SPECTROSCOPY AND RELATED TOPICS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 14th International Symposium on Capture Gamma-Ray Spectroscopy and Related Topics (CGS) CY AUG 28-SEP 02, 2011 CL Univ Guelph, Guelph, CANADA HO Univ Guelph DE Radiative capture; cross-section; DANCE; Lutetium AB The DANCE(1) (Detector for Advanced Neutron Capture Experiments) array at LANSCE spallation neutron source in Los Alamos has been used to obtain the neutron radiative capture cross sections for Lu-175 and Lu-176 with neutron energies from thermal up to 100 keV. Both isotopes are of current interest for the nucleosynthesis s-process.(2,3) Three targets were used to perform these measurements. One was natural Lu foil of 31 mg/cm(2) and the other two were isotope-enriched targets of Lu-175 and Lu-176. Firstly, the cross sections were obtained by normalizing yield to a well-known cross section at the thermal neutron energy. Now, we want to obtain absolute cross sections of radiative capture through a precise neutron flux determination, an accurate target mass measurement and an efficiency determination of the DANCE array. C1 [Roig, O.; Meot, V.; Daugas, J. -M.; Morel, P.] CEA, DAM, DIF, F-91297 Arpajon, France. [Jandel, M.; Vieira, D. J.; Bond, E. M.; Bredeweg, T. A.; Couture, A. J.; Haight, R. C.; Keksis, A. L.; Rundberg, R. S.; Ullmann, J. L.; Wouters, J. M.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM olivierroig@cea.fr; haight@lanl.gov; ullmann@lanl.gov FU Lujan Center at the Los Alamos Neutron Science Center - DOE Office of Basic Energy Sciences and Los Alamos National Laboratory - Department of Energy [W-7405-ENG-36] FX This work has benefited from the use of the Lujan Center at the Los Alamos Neutron Science Center, funded by the DOE Office of Basic Energy Sciences and Los Alamos National Laboratory funded by the Department of Energy under contract W-7405-ENG-36. NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA PO BOX 128 FARRER RD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE BN 978-981-4383-63-9 PY 2013 BP 270 EP 275 PG 6 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA BG8QS UT WOS:000392645700037 ER PT J AU Nelson, RO Devlin, M Fotiades, N Granier, T Ethvignot, T Younes, W Garrett, PE AF Nelson, R. O. Devlin, M. Fotiades, N. Granier, T. Ethvignot, T. Younes, W. Garrett, P. E. BE Garrett, PE Hadinia, B TI INFORMATION ON NEUTRON-RICH NUCLEI FROM FISSION X-RAYS SO CAPTURE GAMMA-RAY SPECTROSCOPY AND RELATED TOPICS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 14th International Symposium on Capture Gamma-Ray Spectroscopy and Related Topics (CGS) CY AUG 28-SEP 02, 2011 CL Univ Guelph, Guelph, CANADA HO Univ Guelph AB High-energy neutron-induced fission produces many different product nuclei. The yields of these products vary with incident neutron energy, with symmetric fission dominating at higher energies and asymmetric fission predominant at lower energies. These fission products provide a view into neutron-rich nuclei and an opportunity to learn something of their structure, as well as providing information on fission charge yields. In experiments at the Los Alamos Neutron Science Center (LANSCE) the spectrum of K x-rays emitted in coincidence with neutron-induced fission of U-238 was measured for a range of incident neutron energies from threshold to hundreds of MeV. In this experiment, solar cells were used to detect fission fragments, and the planar HPGe detectors of the GEANIE array at the Los Alamos Neutron Science Center (LANSCE) detected K x-rays. Incident neutron energies were determined by the time-of-flight technique. The K x-rays are produced following internal conversion decay and thus may provide information on the nuclei and levels. The nuclei and levels sampled are complementary to those observed via prompt gamma-ray emission following fission. K x-ray yields are compared with what is expected based on known internal conversion and systematics to deduce regions where unknown levels exist. C1 [Nelson, R. O.; Devlin, M.; Fotiades, N.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, LANSCE NS, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Granier, T.; Ethvignot, T.] CEA Bruyeres Le Chatel, F-91297 Arpajon, France. [Younes, W.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Div N, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. [Garrett, P. E.] Univ Guelph, Dept Phys, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada. EM RNelson@lanl.gov; pgarrett@physics.uoguelph.ca RI Devlin, Matthew/B-5089-2013 OI Devlin, Matthew/0000-0002-6948-2154 FU Los Alamos National Laboratory [DE-AC52-06NA25396]; U.S. Department of Energy; Los Alamos National Security, LLC; Lawrence Livermore National Security, LLC; Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344]; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC52-06NA25396] FX Portions of this work were performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Los Alamos National Security, LLC, Los Alamos National Laboratory under Contract No. DE-AC52-06NA25396, and by the Lawrence Livermore National Security, LLC, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract No. DE-AC52-07NA27344. This work has benefited from the use of the Los Alamos Neutron Science Center at LANL. This facility is funded by the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC52-06NA25396. We should like to thank A. Sonzogni of the Brookhaven National Laboratory for providing the necessary formatted NUDAT data. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA PO BOX 128 FARRER RD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE BN 978-981-4383-63-9 PY 2013 BP 276 EP 281 PG 6 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA BG8QS UT WOS:000392645700038 ER PT J AU Nunes, FM Upadhyay, NJ Nguyen, NB Capel, P Charity, RJ Deltuva, A Dickhoff, W Waldecker, SJ Esbensen, H Johnson, RC AF Nunes, F. M. Upadhyay, N. J. Nguyen, N. B. Capel, P. Charity, R. J. Deltuva, A. Dickhoff, W. Waldecker, S. J. Esbensen, H. Johnson, R. C. BE Garrett, PE Hadinia, B TI ARE PRESENT REACTION THEORIES FOR STUDYING RARE ISOTOPES GOOD ENOUGH? SO CAPTURE GAMMA-RAY SPECTROSCOPY AND RELATED TOPICS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 14th International Symposium on Capture Gamma-Ray Spectroscopy and Related Topics (CGS) CY AUG 28-SEP 02, 2011 CL Univ Guelph, Guelph, CANADA HO Univ Guelph DE Reactions; breakup; transfer; CDCC; ADWA; Faddeev; eikonal; time dependent; DOM ID COULOMB DISSOCIATION; NUCLEI AB Rare isotopes are most often studied through nuclear reactions. Nuclear reactions can be used to obtain detailed structure information but also in connection to astrophysics to determine specific capture rates. In order to extract the desired information it is crucial to have a reliable framework that describes the reaction process accurately. A few recent developments for transfer and breakup reactions will be presented. These include recent studies on the reliability of existing theories as well as effort to reduce the ambiguities in the predicted observables. C1 [Nunes, F. M.; Upadhyay, N. J.; Nguyen, N. B.] Michigan State Univ, Natl Superconducting Cyclotron Lab, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Nunes, F. M.; Upadhyay, N. J.; Nguyen, N. B.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Capel, P.] Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Helmholtz Inst Mainz, D-55128 Mainz, Germany. [Charity, R. J.] Washington Univ, Dept Chem, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. [Deltuva, A.] Univ Lisbon, Ctr Fis Nucl, P-1649-003 Lisboa, P-1649003 Lisbon, Portugal. [Dickhoff, W.; Waldecker, S. J.] Washington Univ, Dept Phys, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. [Esbensen, H.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Johnson, R. C.] Univ Surrey, Dept Phys, Guildford GU2 7XH, Surrey, England. EM nunes@nscl.msu.edu RI Dickhoff, Willem/F-4278-2014 OI Dickhoff, Willem/0000-0003-1738-3979 FU National Science Foundation grant [PHY-0555893, PHY-096894]; U.S. Department of Energy; Division of Nuclear Physics [DE-FG52-08NA28552, FG02-87ER-40316]; TORUS collaboration [DE-SC0004087] FX Support from the National Science Foundation grant PHY-0555893 and PHY-096894 and from the U.S. Department of Energy, Division of Nuclear Physics under grants DE-FG52-08NA28552 and FG02-87ER-40316 and the TORUS collaboration DE-SC0004087 are acknowledged. NR 28 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA PO BOX 128 FARRER RD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE BN 978-981-4383-63-9 PY 2013 BP 282 EP 292 PG 11 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA BG8QS UT WOS:000392645700039 ER PT J AU Arndt, O Kratz, KL Farouqi, K Pfeiffer, B Hennrich, S Jost, CJ Walters, WB Stoyer, MA Koster, U Fedosseev, VN Hecht, AA Shergur, J Hoteling, N Wohr, A AF Arndt, O. Kratz, K. -L. Farouqi, K. Pfeiffer, B. Hennrich, S. Jost, C. J. Walters, W. B. Stoyer, M. A. Koster, U. Fedosseev, V. N. Hecht, A. A. Shergur, J. Hoteling, N. Wohr, A. BE Garrett, PE Hadinia, B TI DECAY OF THE r-PROCESS NUCLIDES Sb-137,Sb-138,Sb-139 AND THE A=130 SOLAR r-PROCESS ABUNDANCE PEAK SO CAPTURE GAMMA-RAY SPECTROSCOPY AND RELATED TOPICS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 14th International Symposium on Capture Gamma-Ray Spectroscopy and Related Topics (CGS) CY AUG 28-SEP 02, 2011 CL Univ Guelph, Guelph, CANADA HO Univ Guelph ID NUCLEAR-DATA SHEETS; ISOTOPES; NUCLEOSYNTHESIS; STARS AB Half-life and beta-delayed neutron branching values of 492(25) ms and 49(8)%, 350(15) ms and 72(8)%, and 93(13) ms and 90(10)% for the r-process nuclei (137,138,139)b, respectively, have been measured at CERN/ISOLDE by simultaneously counting beta particles and beta-delayed neutrons. The sources were prepared by using the selective ionization of Sb with the Resonance Ionization Laser Ion Source and the High-Resolution Mass Separator. These new half-lives and beta-delayed neutron branching values are compared with calculated values for both spherical and deformed shapes. The data have been incorporated into parameterized nucleosynthesis calculations of the r-process in high-entropy winds of core collapse supernovae in order to study the properties of the A=130 Solar-System r-process abundance peak. C1 [Arndt, O.; Kratz, K. -L.; Farouqi, K.; Pfeiffer, B.; Hennrich, S.; Jost, C. J.] Max Planck Inst Chem, Otto Hahn Inst, Joh J Becherweg 27, D-55128 Mainz, Germany. [Walters, W. B.; Stoyer, M. A.; Hecht, A. A.; Shergur, J.; Hoteling, N.; Wohr, A.] Univ Maryland, Dept Chem & Biochem, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Koster, U.] Inst Laue Langevin, F-38042 Grenoble, France. [Fedosseev, V. N.] CERN, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland. [Hecht, A. A.; Shergur, J.; Hoteling, N.; Wohr, A.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM wwalters@umd.edu FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-FG02-94-ER40834]; Bundesministerium fur Bildung; Forschung (BMBF) [06MZ-864]; ISOLDE; Alexander von Humboldt Foundation FX This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy under Grant DE-FG02-94-ER40834, and the Bundesministerium fur Bildung and Forschung (BMBF) UNDER contract 06MZ-864. The authors wish to acknowledge the support of the ISOLDE staff during the experiments, and during the development of the ionization scheme for Sb. W. B. Walters also wishes to acknowledge the support of the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation. NR 32 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA PO BOX 128 FARRER RD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE BN 978-981-4383-63-9 PY 2013 BP 314 EP 319 PG 6 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA BG8QS UT WOS:000392645700042 ER PT J AU Reifarth, R Glorius, J Krackmann, S Langer, C Meusel, O Plag, R Pohl, M Schmitt, S Sonnabend, K Heil, M O'Donnell, JM AF Reifarth, R. Glorius, J. Kraeckmann, S. Langer, C. Meusel, O. Plag, R. Pohl, M. Schmitt, S. Sonnabend, K. Heil, M. O'Donnell, J. M. BE Garrett, PE Hadinia, B TI CURRENT EXPERIMENTAL DEVELOPMENTS FOR s-PROCESS NUCLEOSYNTHESIS SO CAPTURE GAMMA-RAY SPECTROSCOPY AND RELATED TOPICS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 14th International Symposium on Capture Gamma-Ray Spectroscopy and Related Topics (CGS) CY AUG 28-SEP 02, 2011 CL Univ Guelph, Guelph, CANADA HO Univ Guelph DE Nucleosynthesis; s-process; branchings; neutron capture; beta decay ID NEUTRON-CAPTURE; CROSS-SECTIONS; STARS; EVOLUTION; ISOTOPES; RATES AB Current s-process research aims at using the s-process as a tool to better understand the interiors of stars. This is possible by investigating branch points in the s-process path. The most important reactions during the s-process are neutron captures and beta-decays. This article gives an overview of current activities to better understand the involved reaction rates under stellar conditions. C1 [Reifarth, R.; Glorius, J.; Kraeckmann, S.; Langer, C.; Meusel, O.; Plag, R.; Pohl, M.; Schmitt, S.; Sonnabend, K.] Goethe Univ Frankfurt, D-60438 Frankfurt, Germany. [Heil, M.] F Schwerionenforsch GmbH, GSI Helmholtzzentrum, D-64291 Darmstadt, Germany. [O'Donnell, J. M.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM reifarth@physik.uni-frankfurt.de FU HGF Young Investigators Project [VH-NG-327] FX This work was supported by the HGF Young Investigators Project VH-NG-327. NR 25 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA PO BOX 128 FARRER RD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE BN 978-981-4383-63-9 PY 2013 BP 337 EP 346 PG 10 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA BG8QS UT WOS:000392645700045 ER PT J AU Guerrero, C Boccone, V Brugger, M Calviani, M Cerutti, F Chiaveri, E Chin, M Ferrari, A Kadi, Y Losito, R Tsinganis, A Versaci, R Vlachoudis, V Griesmayer, E Jericha, E Weiss, C Lederer, C Pavlik, A Wallner, A Becvar, F Kroll, J Krticka, M Valenta, S Kaeppeler, F Langer, CS Reifarth, R Belloni, F Berthoumieux, E Fraval, K Gunsing, F Audouin, L Leong, LS Tassan-Got, L Diakaki, M Karadimos, D Kokkoris, M Vlastou, R Eleftheriadis, C Manousos, A Ganesan, S Raj, D Massimi, C Mingrone, F Mengoni, A Dzysiuk, N Mastinu, P Barbagallo, M Colonna, N Mastromarco, M Meaze, MH Tagliente, G Variale, V Milazzo, PM Andrzejewski, J Marganiec, J Perkowski, J Sarmento, R Carrapico, C Goncalves, I Avrigeanu, V Mirea, M Roman, F Cano-Ott, D Garcia-Rios, A Mendoza, E Gonzalez-Romero, E Pardo, CD Giubrone, G Tain, JL Cortes, M Praena, J Quesada, JM Paradela, C Tarrio, D Duran, I Calvino, F Cortes, G Gomez, B Riego, A Billowes, J Ware, T Wright, T Jenkins, D Vermeulen, M Koehler, P AF Guerrero, C. Boccone, V. Brugger, M. Calviani, M. Cerutti, F. Chiaveri, E. Chin, M. Ferrari, A. Kadi, Y. Losito, R. Tsinganis, A. Versaci, R. Vlachoudis, V. Griesmayer, E. Jericha, E. Weiss, C. Lederer, C. Pavlik, A. Wallner, A. Becvar, F. Kroll, J. Krticka, M. Valenta, S. Kaeppeler, F. Langer, C. Simon Reifarth, R. Belloni, F. Berthoumieux, E. Fraval, K. Gunsing, F. Audouin, L. Leong, L. Sai Tassan-Got, L. Diakaki, M. Karadimos, D. Kokkoris, M. Vlastou, R. Eleftheriadis, C. Manousos, A. Ganesan, S. Raj, D. Massimi, C. Mingrone, F. Mengoni, A. Dzysiuk, N. Mastinu, P. Barbagallo, M. Colonna, N. Mastromarco, M. Meaze, M. H. Tagliente, G. Variale, V. Milazzo, P. M. Andrzejewski, J. Marganiec, J. Perkowski, J. Sarmento, R. Carrapico, C. Goncalves, I. Avrigeanu, V. Mirea, M. Roman, F. Cano-Ott, D. Garcia-Rios, A. Mendoza, E. Gonzalez-Romero, E. Pardo, C. Domingo Giubrone, G. Tain, J. L. Cortes, M. Praena, J. Quesada, J. M. Paradela, C. Tarrio, D. Duran, I. Calvino, F. Cortes, G. Gomez, B. Riego, A. Billowes, J. Ware, T. Wright, T. Jenkins, D. Vermeulen, M. Koehler, P. BE Garrett, PE Hadinia, B TI THE LATEST ON NEUTRON-INDUCED CAPTURE AND FISSION MEASUREMENTS AT THE CERN n_TOF FACILITY SO CAPTURE GAMMA-RAY SPECTROSCOPY AND RELATED TOPICS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 14th International Symposium on Capture Gamma-Ray Spectroscopy and Related Topics (CGS) CY AUG 28-SEP 02, 2011 CL Univ Guelph, Guelph, CANADA HO Univ Guelph AB The measurement of nuclear data such as neutron induced cross sections are upmost importance in the fields of nuclear technologies and nuclear astrophysics. The n_TOF facility has been aimed, since its start in 2001, to provide the nuclear data community with high accuracy capture and fission cross section measurements, and recently (n,alpha) measurement as well. This paper is devoted to summarize the main results achieved to date, the ongoing experimental campaigns and the challenges that we face for the forthcoming years. C1 [Guerrero, C.; Boccone, V.; Brugger, M.; Calviani, M.; Cerutti, F.; Chiaveri, E.; Chin, M.; Ferrari, A.; Kadi, Y.; Losito, R.; Tsinganis, A.; Versaci, R.; Vlachoudis, V.] CERN, Geneva, Switzerland. [Griesmayer, E.; Jericha, E.; Weiss, C.] Vienna Univ Technol, Atominst, Vienna, Austria. [Lederer, C.; Pavlik, A.; Wallner, A.] Univ Vienna, Fak Phys, A-1010 Vienna, Austria. [Becvar, F.; Kroll, J.; Krticka, M.; Valenta, S.] Charles Univ Prague, Prague, Czech Republic. [Kaeppeler, F.] FZK Karlsruhe, Karlsruhe, Germany. [Langer, C. Simon; Reifarth, R.] Goethe Univ Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany. [Belloni, F.; Berthoumieux, E.; Fraval, K.; Gunsing, F.] CEA Saclay Irfu, Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Audouin, L.; Leong, L. Sai; Tassan-Got, L.] CNRS, IN2P3, IPN, Orsay, France. [Diakaki, M.; Karadimos, D.; Kokkoris, M.; Vlastou, R.] NTUA, Zografos, Greece. [Eleftheriadis, C.; Manousos, A.] Aristotle Univ Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece. [Ganesan, S.; Raj, D.] Bhabha Atom Res Ctr, Bombay, Maharashtra, India. [Massimi, C.; Mingrone, F.] Univ Bologna, Dipartimento Fis, Sez INFN Bologna, I-40126 Bologna, Italy. [Mengoni, A.] ENEA, Bologna, Italy. [Dzysiuk, N.; Mastinu, P.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Legnaro, Rome, Italy. [Barbagallo, M.; Colonna, N.; Mastromarco, M.; Meaze, M. H.; Tagliente, G.; Variale, V.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Bari, Italy. [Milazzo, P. M.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Trieste, Italy. [Andrzejewski, J.; Marganiec, J.; Perkowski, J.] Uniwersytet Lodzki, Lodz, Poland. [Sarmento, R.; Carrapico, C.; Goncalves, I.] ITN, Lisbon, Portugal. [Avrigeanu, V.; Mirea, M.; Roman, F.] IFIN HH, Bucharest, Romania. [Cano-Ott, D.; Garcia-Rios, A.; Mendoza, E.; Gonzalez-Romero, E.] CIEMAT, Madrid, Spain. [Pardo, C. Domingo; Giubrone, G.; Tain, J. L.] Univ Valencia, CSIC, Inst Fis Corpuscular, E-46003 Valencia, Spain. [Cortes, M.; Praena, J.; Quesada, J. M.] Univ Seville, Seville, Spain. [Paradela, C.; Tarrio, D.; Duran, I.] Univ Santiago de Compostela, Santiago De Compostela, Spain. [Calvino, F.; Cortes, G.; Gomez, B.; Riego, A.] Univ Politecn Cataluna, Barcelona, Spain. [Billowes, J.; Ware, T.; Wright, T.] Univ Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England. [Jenkins, D.; Vermeulen, M.] Univ York, York YO10 5DD, N Yorkshire, England. [Koehler, P.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM carlos.guerrero@cern.ch; reifarth@physik.uni-frankfurt.de; emilio.mendoza@ciemat.es; koehlerpe@ornl.gov RI Mirea, Mihail/C-2297-2011 OI Mirea, Mihail/0000-0002-9333-6595 NR 23 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA PO BOX 128 FARRER RD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE BN 978-981-4383-63-9 PY 2013 BP 354 EP 364 PG 11 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA BG8QS UT WOS:000392645700047 ER PT J AU Hager, U Greife, U Buchmann, L Davids, B Fallis, J Hutcheon, D Ottewell, D Reeve, S Rojas, A Ruiz, C Sjue, SKL Erikson, L Carmona-Gallardo, M Vockenhuber, C Brown, JR Irvine, D AF Hager, U. Greife, U. Buchmann, L. Davids, B. Fallis, J. Hutcheon, D. Ottewell, D. Reeve, S. Rojas, A. Ruiz, C. Sjue, S. K. L. Erikson, L. Carmona-Gallardo, M. Vockenhuber, C. Brown, J. R. Irvine, D. BE Garrett, PE Hadinia, B TI MEASURING THE O-16(alpha,gamma)Ne-20 REACTION RATE WITH THE DRAGON RECOIL SEPARATOR AT TRIUMF SO CAPTURE GAMMA-RAY SPECTROSCOPY AND RELATED TOPICS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 14th International Symposium on Capture Gamma-Ray Spectroscopy and Related Topics (CGS) CY AUG 28-SEP 02, 2011 CL Univ Guelph, Guelph, CANADA HO Univ Guelph ID LOW ENERGIES; NONRESONANT CAPTURE; SEARCH; ISAC AB The DRAGON recoil separator facility at TRIUMF measures radiative a and proton capture reactions of astrophysical importance in inverse kinematics. This is done employing radioactive and stable ion beams produced and accelerated using the ISAC (Isotope Separator and ACcelerator) facility in conjunction with the DRAGON windowless gas target. Over the last few years, the DRAGON collaboration has embarked on a programme to measure a variety of reactions considered vital to the understanding of various astrophysical scenarios. An overview of DRAGON's separation, beam suppression, and detection capabilities will be given. In addition, examples of recent reaction cross section measurements will be discussed, such as the O-16(alpha,gamma)Ne-20 reaction, which plays an important part in the He and Ne burning in massive stars. C1 [Hager, U.; Greife, U.] Colorado Sch Mines, Dept Phys, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Buchmann, L.; Davids, B.; Fallis, J.; Hutcheon, D.; Ottewell, D.; Reeve, S.; Rojas, A.; Ruiz, C.; Sjue, S. K. L.] TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC, Canada. [Erikson, L.] Pacific Northwest Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Carmona-Gallardo, M.] CSIC, Inst Estruct Mat, E-28006 Madrid, Spain. [Vockenhuber, C.] Swiss Fed Inst Technol, Zurich, Switzerland. [Brown, J. R.] Univ York, Dept Phys, York YO10 5DD, N Yorkshire, England. [Irvine, D.] McMaster Univ, Hamilton, ON, Canada. EM uhager@mines.edu FU Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; US DOE Office of Nuclear Physics FX We would like to thank the beam delivery and ISAC operations groups at TRI-UMF. The authors gratefully acknowledge funding from the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada and the US DOE Office of Nuclear Physics. We also gratefully acknowledge the invaluable assistance in beam production from K. Jayamanna. NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA PO BOX 128 FARRER RD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE BN 978-981-4383-63-9 PY 2013 BP 371 EP 375 PG 5 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA BG8QS UT WOS:000392645700049 ER PT J AU Mendoza, E Cano-Ott, D Guerrero, C Alvarez-Velarde, F Garcia-Rios, A Gonzalez-Romero, E Martinez, T Villamarin, D Kadi, Y Colonna, N Marrone, S Meaze, MH Tagliente, G Terlizzi, R Abbondanno, U Belloni, F Fujii, K Milazzo, PM Moreau, C Andriamonje, S Calviani, M Vlachoudis, V Chiaveri, E Andrzejewski, J Marganiec, J Assimakopoulos, P Karadimos, D Karamanis, D Papachristodoulou, C Patronis, N Audouin, L David, S Ferrant, L Isaev, S Stephan, C Tassan-Got, L Badurek, G Jericha, E Leeb, H Oberhummer, H Pigni, MT Poch, A Baumann, P Kerveno, M Lukic, S Rudolf, G Becvar, F Krticka, M Calvino, F Capote, R Frais-Koelbl, H Griesmayer, E Mengoni, A Lozano, M Quesada, JM de Albornoz, AC Tavora, L Marques, L Salgado, J Vaz, P Cennini, P Dahlfors, M Ferrari, A Gramegna, F Herrera-Martinez, A Mastinu, P Praena, J Sarchiapone, L Wendler, H Chepel, V Ferreira-Marques, R Goncalves, I Lindote, A Lopes, I Neves, F Berthoumieux, E Dridi, W Gunsing, F Aerts, G Pancin, J Perrot, L Plukis, A Cortes, G Pretel, C Couture, AJ Cox, J O'Brien, S Wiescher, M Dillman, I Heil, M Kappeler, F Mosconi, M Plag, R Voss, F Walter, S Wisshak, K Dolfini, R Rubbia, C Pardo, CD Tain, JL Eleftheriadis, C Lampoudis, C Savvidis, I Furman, W Konovalov, V Goverdovski, A Ketlerov, V Duran, I Paradela, C Alvarez, H Haas, B Haight, R Reifarth, R Igashira, M Koehler, P Kossionides, E Massimi, C Vannini, G Oshima, M Papadopoulos, C Vlastou, R Pavlik, A Pavlopoulos, P Plompen, A Rullhusen, P Rauscher, T Rosetti, M Ventura, A AF Mendoza, E. Cano-Ott, D. Guerrero, C. Alvarez-Velarde, F. Garcia-Rios, A. Gonzalez-Romero, E. Martinez, T. Villamarin, D. Kadi, Y. Colonna, N. Marrone, S. Meaze, M. H. Tagliente, G. Terlizzi, R. Abbondanno, U. Belloni, F. Fujii, K. Milazzo, P. M. Moreau, C. Andriamonje, S. Calviani, M. Vlachoudis, V. Chiaveri, E. Andrzejewski, J. Marganiec, J. Assimakopoulos, P. Karadimos, D. Karamanis, D. Papachristodoulou, C. Patronis, N. Audouin, L. David, S. Ferrant, L. Isaev, S. Stephan, C. Tassan-Got, L. Badurek, G. Jericha, E. Leeb, H. Oberhummer, H. Pigni, M. T. Poch, A. Baumann, P. Kerveno, M. Lukic, S. Rudolf, G. Becvar, F. Krticka, M. Calvino, F. Capote, R. Frais-Koelbl, H. Griesmayer, E. Mengoni, A. Lozano, M. Quesada, J. M. Carrillo de Albornoz, A. Tavora, L. Marques, L. Salgado, J. Vaz, P. Cennini, P. Dahlfors, M. Ferrari, A. Gramegna, F. Herrera-Martinez, A. Mastinu, P. Praena, J. Sarchiapone, L. Wendler, H. Chepel, V. Ferreira-Marques, R. Goncalves, I. Lindote, A. Lopes, I. Neves, F. Berthoumieux, E. Dridi, W. Gunsing, F. Aerts, G. Pancin, J. Perrot, L. Plukis, A. Cortes, G. Pretel, C. Couture, A. J. Cox, J. O'Brien, S. Wiescher, M. Dillman, I. Heil, M. Kaeppeler, F. Mosconi, M. Plag, R. Voss, F. Walter, S. Wisshak, K. Dolfini, R. Rubbia, C. Domingo Pardo, C. Tain, J. L. Eleftheriadis, C. Lampoudis, C. Savvidis, I. Furman, W. Konovalov, V. Goverdovski, A. Ketlerov, V. Duran, I. Paradela, C. Alvarez, H. Haas, B. Haight, R. Reifarth, R. Igashira, M. Koehler, P. Kossionides, E. Massimi, C. Vannini, G. Oshima, M. Papadopoulos, C. Vlastou, R. Pavlik, A. Pavlopoulos, P. Plompen, A. Rullhusen, P. Rauscher, T. Rosetti, M. Ventura, A. BE Garrett, PE Hadinia, B TI THE Am-243 NEUTRON CAPTURE MEASUREMENT AT THE n_TOF FACILITY SO CAPTURE GAMMA-RAY SPECTROSCOPY AND RELATED TOPICS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 14th International Symposium on Capture Gamma-Ray Spectroscopy and Related Topics (CGS) CY AUG 28-SEP 02, 2011 CL Univ Guelph, Guelph, CANADA HO Univ Guelph AB The Am-243 neutron capture cross section has been measured at the n_TOF facility(1) in the 0.7 eV-2 keV energy range. The n_TOF Total Absorption Calorimeter(2) (TAC) composed by 40 BaF2 crystals has been used in the measurement for detecting the electromagnetic cascades produced in the 243Am(n,gamma) reactions. All current evaluations in the resolved resonance region are based essentially in fission measurements and in only one transmission measurement.(3) The analysis of the measurement has been finished recently, and it is ready for its distribution to the EXFOR nuclear database. In addition, the data obtained with the TAC provide valuable information on the level density in the compound nucleus Am-244 and on its electromagnetic de-excitation scheme. In particular, the 243Am data, will be combined with data from previous measurements of Am-241, (240)pu, Np-237 and U-233,U-234,U-236 and with future measurements of U-235,U-238 for a systematic investigation of the photon strength functions in actinides. C1 [Mendoza, E.; Cano-Ott, D.; Guerrero, C.; Alvarez-Velarde, F.; Garcia-Rios, A.; Gonzalez-Romero, E.; Martinez, T.; Villamarin, D.; Kadi, Y.] Ctr Invest Energet Medioambient & Tecnol CIEMAT, Madrid, Spain. [Colonna, N.; Marrone, S.; Meaze, M. H.; Tagliente, G.; Terlizzi, R.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Abbondanno, U.; Belloni, F.; Fujii, K.; Milazzo, P. M.; Moreau, C.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Trieste, Italy. [Guerrero, C.; Andriamonje, S.; Calviani, M.; Vlachoudis, V.; Chiaveri, E.] CERN, Geneva, Switzerland. [Andrzejewski, J.; Marganiec, J.] Univ Lodz, Lodz, Poland. [Assimakopoulos, P.; Karadimos, D.; Karamanis, D.; Papachristodoulou, C.; Patronis, N.] Univ Ioannina, GR-45110 Ioannina, Greece. [Audouin, L.; David, S.; Ferrant, L.; Isaev, S.; Stephan, C.; Tassan-Got, L.] CNRS, IN2P3, IPN, Orsay, France. [Badurek, G.; Jericha, E.; Leeb, H.; Oberhummer, H.; Pigni, M. T.; Poch, A.] Vienna Univ Technol, Atominst Osterreich Univ, Vienna, Austria. [Baumann, P.; Kerveno, M.; Lukic, S.; Rudolf, G.] CNRS, IN2P3, IReS, Strasbourg, France. [Becvar, F.; Krticka, M.] Charles Univ Prague, Prague, Czech Republic. [Calvino, F.] Univ Politecn Madrid, Madrid, Spain. [Capote, R.; Frais-Koelbl, H.; Griesmayer, E.; Mengoni, A.] IAEA, Nucl Data Sect, Vienna, Austria. [Capote, R.; Lozano, M.; Quesada, J. M.] Univ Seville, Seville, Spain. [Carrillo de Albornoz, A.; Tavora, L.; Marques, L.; Salgado, J.; Vaz, P.] ITN, Lisbon, Portugal. [Cennini, P.; Dahlfors, M.; Ferrari, A.; Gramegna, F.; Herrera-Martinez, A.; Mastinu, P.; Praena, J.; Sarchiapone, L.; Wendler, H.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Legnaro, Rome, Italy. [Chepel, V.; Ferreira-Marques, R.; Goncalves, I.; Lindote, A.; Lopes, I.; Neves, F.] LIP Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal. [Chepel, V.; Ferreira-Marques, R.; Goncalves, I.; Lindote, A.; Lopes, I.; Neves, F.] Univ Coimbra, Dept Fis, Coimbra, Portugal. [Berthoumieux, E.; Dridi, W.; Gunsing, F.; Aerts, G.; Pancin, J.; Perrot, L.; Plukis, A.] CEA Saclay, DSM DAPNIA, Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Cortes, G.; Pretel, C.] Univ Politecn Cataluna, Barcelona, Spain. [Couture, A. J.; Cox, J.; O'Brien, S.; Wiescher, M.] Univ Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. [Dillman, I.; Heil, M.; Kaeppeler, F.; Mosconi, M.; Plag, R.; Voss, F.; Walter, S.; Wisshak, K.] Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe GmbH FZK, Inst Kernphys, Karlsruhe, Germany. [Dolfini, R.; Rubbia, C.] Univ Pavia, Pavia, Italy. [Domingo Pardo, C.; Tain, J. L.] Univ Valencia, CSIC, Inst Fis Corpuscular, E-46003 Valencia, Spain. [Eleftheriadis, C.; Lampoudis, C.; Savvidis, I.] Aristotle Univ Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece. [Furman, W.; Konovalov, V.] Joint Inst Nucl Res, Frank Lab, Neutron Phys, Dubna, Russia. [Goverdovski, A.; Ketlerov, V.] Inst Phys & Power Engn, Obninsk, Kaluga Region, Russia. [Duran, I.; Paradela, C.; Alvarez, H.] Univ Santiago de Compostela, Santiago De Compostela, A Coruna, Spain. [Haas, B.] CNRS, IN2P3, CENBG, Bordeaux, France. [Haight, R.; Reifarth, R.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA. [Igashira, M.] Tokyo Inst Technol, Tokyo, Japan. [Koehler, P.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Kossionides, E.] NCSR, Athens, Greece. [Massimi, C.; Vannini, G.] Univ Bologna, Dipartimento Fis, I-40126 Bologna, Italy. [Massimi, C.; Vannini, G.] Sez INFN Bologna, Bologna, Italy. [Oshima, M.] Japan Atom Energy Res Inst, Tokai, Ibaraki, Japan. [Papadopoulos, C.; Vlastou, R.] Natl Tech Univ Athens, Zografos, Greece. [Pavlik, A.] Univ Vienna, Inst Isotopenforsch & Kernphys, A-1010 Vienna, Austria. [Pavlopoulos, P.] Pole Univ Leonard Vinci, Paris, France. [Plompen, A.; Rullhusen, P.] CEC JRC IRMM, Geel, Belgium. [Rauscher, T.] Univ Basel, Dept Phys & Astron, Basel, Switzerland. [Rosetti, M.; Ventura, A.] ENEA, Bologna, Italy. EM emilio.mendoza@ciemat.es; carlos.guerrero@cern.ch; haight@lanl.gov; reifarth@physik.uni-frankfurt.de; koehlerpe@ornl.gov RI Martinez, Trinitario/K-6785-2014; Rauscher, Thomas/D-2086-2009; OI Martinez, Trinitario/0000-0002-0683-5506; Rauscher, Thomas/0000-0002-1266-0642; Gramegna, Fabiana/0000-0001-6112-0602 FU ENRESA under the CIEMAT-ENRESA agreement; Spanish Plan on Nuclear and Particle Physics of the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation [FPA2005-06918-0O3-01]; European Commission 6th Framework Programme project IP-EUROTRANS [F16W-CT-2004-516520]; CONSOLIDER-INGENIO [CSD-2007-00042] FX This work has been supported by ENRESA under the CIEMAT-ENRESA agreement on "Transmutation of high level radioactive waste", by the Spanish Plan on Nuclear and Particle Physics of the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (project FPA2005-06918-0O3-01), the European Commission 6th Framework Programme project IP-EUROTRANS (F16W-CT-2004-516520) and the CONSOLIDER-INGENIO project CSD-2007-00042. NR 8 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 2 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA PO BOX 128 FARRER RD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE BN 978-981-4383-63-9 PY 2013 BP 442 EP 449 PG 8 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA BG8QS UT WOS:000392645700060 ER PT J AU Belgya, T Szentmiklosi, L Gunsing, F Firestone, RB Krticka, M AF Belgya, T. Szentmiklosi, L. Gunsing, F. Firestone, R. B. Krticka, M. BE Garrett, PE Hadinia, B TI THERMAL NEUTRON CAPTURE CROSS SECTIONS OF Fe-54,Fe-56,Fe-57 SO CAPTURE GAMMA-RAY SPECTROSCOPY AND RELATED TOPICS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 14th International Symposium on Capture Gamma-Ray Spectroscopy and Related Topics (CGS) CY AUG 28-SEP 02, 2011 CL Univ Guelph, Guelph, CANADA HO Univ Guelph ID GAMMA ACTIVATION-ANALYSIS AB Radiative neutron capture has been measured on enriched Fe-54,Fe-56,Fe-57 samples. Total thermal neutron capture cross sections were determined from the observed partial gamma-ray cross sections. All of the total cross sections were found to be smaller than the recent evaluation, probably due to many weak unobserved contributions. The decay scheme of Fe-55 from the capture reaction was substantially enlarged. C1 [Belgya, T.; Szentmiklosi, L.] Inst Isotopes HAS, Dept Nucl Res, Konkoly T U 29-33, H-1121 Budapest, Hungary. [Gunsing, F.] CEA Saclay, DSM Irfu, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Firestone, R. B.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Krticka, M.] Charles Univ Prague, Inst Particle & Nucl Phys, CZ-18000 Prague, Czech Republic. OI Szentmiklosi, Laszlo/0000-0001-7747-8545 FU Hungarian NAP VENEUS08 [OMFB -00184/2006]; EFNUDAT [FP6 - 036434] FX This work is supported by the Hungarian NAP VENEUS08 OMFB -00184/2006 and the EFNUDAT FP6 - 036434 projects. NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA PO BOX 128 FARRER RD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE BN 978-981-4383-63-9 PY 2013 BP 450 EP 455 PG 6 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA BG8QS UT WOS:000392645700061 ER PT J AU Chipps, KA Greife, U Hager, U Sarazin, F Smith, MS Bardayan, DW Pain, SD Schmitt, KT Schatz, H Montes, F Meisel, Z Blackmon, JC Linhardt, LE Wiescher, M Couder, M Berg, GPA Robertson, D Vetter, PA Lemut, A Erikson, L AF Chipps, K. A. Greife, U. Hager, U. Sarazin, F. Smith, M. S. Bardayan, D. W. Pain, S. D. Schmitt, K. T. Schatz, H. Montes, F. Meisel, Z. Blackmon, J. C. Linhardt, L. E. Wiescher, M. Couder, M. Berg, G. P. A. Robertson, D. Vetter, P. A. Lemut, A. Erikson, L. BE Garrett, PE Hadinia, B TI A GAS JET TARGET FOR RADIOACTIVE ION BEAM EXPERIMENTS SO CAPTURE GAMMA-RAY SPECTROSCOPY AND RELATED TOPICS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 14th International Symposium on Capture Gamma-Ray Spectroscopy and Related Topics (CGS) CY AUG 28-SEP 02, 2011 CL Univ Guelph, Guelph, CANADA HO Univ Guelph DE Gas jet target; transfer reactions; capture reactions; astrophysics AB With the development of new radioactive ion beam (RIB) facilities such as FRIB, which will push measurements further away from stability, the need for improved RIB targets is more crucial than ever. Important scattering, transfer and capture reaction measurements of rare, exotic, and unstable nuclei on hydrogen and helium require targets that are dense, highly localized, and pure. To this end, the JENSA Collaboration led by the Colorado School of Mines (CSM) is designing, building and testing a supersonic gas jet target for use at existing and future RIB facilities. The gas jet target allows for a high density and purity of target nuclei (such as He-3) within a highly confined region, without the use of windows or backing materials, and will also enable the use of state-of-the-art detection systems. The motivation, specifications and status of the CSM gas jet target system is discussed. C1 [Chipps, K. A.; Greife, U.; Hager, U.; Sarazin, F.] Colorado Sch Mines, Dept Phys, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Smith, M. S.; Bardayan, D. W.; Pain, S. D.; Schmitt, K. T.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. [Schatz, H.; Montes, F.; Meisel, Z.] Michigan State Univ, Natl Superconducting Cyclotron Lab, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Blackmon, J. C.; Linhardt, L. E.] Louisiana State Univ, Dept Phys, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Wiescher, M.; Couder, M.; Berg, G. P. A.; Robertson, D.] Univ Notre Dame, Dept Phys, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. [Wiescher, M.; Couder, M.; Berg, G. P. A.; Robertson, D.] Univ Notre Dame, Joint Inst Nucl Astrophys, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. [Vetter, P. A.; Lemut, A.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Erikson, L.] Pacific Northwest Natl Lab, Div Phys, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM kchipps@mines.edu NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA PO BOX 128 FARRER RD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE BN 978-981-4383-63-9 PY 2013 BP 475 EP 480 PG 6 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA BG8QS UT WOS:000392645700064 ER PT J AU Matost, M Blackmon, JC Gardiner, HE Linhardt, LE Macon, KT Mondello, LL Baby, L Johnson, E Koshchiy, E Rogachev, G Wiedenhover, I Bardayan, DW AF Matost, M. Blackmon, J. C. Gardiner, H. E. Linhardt, L. E. Macon, K. T. Mondello, L. L. Baby, L. Johnson, E. Koshchiy, E. Rogachev, G. Wiedenhover, I. Bardayan, D. W. BE Garrett, PE Hadinia, B TI THE ARRAY FOR NUCLEAR ASTROPHYSICS STUDIES WITH EXOTIC NUCLEI (ANASEN) SO CAPTURE GAMMA-RAY SPECTROSCOPY AND RELATED TOPICS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 14th International Symposium on Capture Gamma-Ray Spectroscopy and Related Topics (CGS) CY AUG 28-SEP 02, 2011 CL Univ Guelph, Guelph, CANADA HO Univ Guelph ID ENERGY AB Experimental information about most reactions involving short-lived nuclei is limited. New facilities aim to provide wider access to unstable isotopes, but the limited intensities require more efficient and selective techniques and devices. The Array for Nuclear Astrophysics Studies with Exotic Nuclei (ANASEN) is a charged-particle detector array designed primarily for studies of reactions important in the alpha p- and rp- processes with proton-rich exotic nuclei. The array consists of 40 silicon-strip detectors backed with CsI scintillators. The detectors cover an area of about 1300 cm(2) providing essentially complete solid angle coverage for the reactions of interest with good energy and position resolution. ANASEN also includes a position-sensitive annular gas proportional counter that allows it to be used as an active gas target/detector. ANASEN is designed for direct measurement of (alpha,p) reactions in inverse kinematics as well as for studies of proton elastic and inelastic scattering, (p,gamma) reactions and transfer reactions. The array is being developed by Louisiana State University and Florida State University. Presently it is located at the RESOLUT radioacitve ion beam facility at FSU, where the first experiments are being performed. In the future, the array will be used at the ReA3 facility at the National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory. C1 [Matost, M.; Blackmon, J. C.; Gardiner, H. E.; Linhardt, L. E.; Macon, K. T.; Mondello, L. L.] Louisiana State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Baby, L.; Johnson, E.; Koshchiy, E.; Rogachev, G.; Wiedenhover, I.] Florida State Univ, Dept Phys, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. [Bardayan, D. W.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM matos@lsu.edu FU U.S. DOE Office of Nuclear Physics [DE-FG0291ER40609]; NSF MRI [PHY-0821308] FX This work is supported by the U.S. DOE Office of Nuclear Physics under Contract No. DE-FG0291ER40609 and NSF MRI program, Grant No. PHY-0821308. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA PO BOX 128 FARRER RD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE BN 978-981-4383-63-9 PY 2013 BP 481 EP 486 PG 6 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA BG8QS UT WOS:000392645700065 ER PT J AU Koehler, P AF Koehler, P. BE Garrett, PE Hadinia, B TI nu WE NEVER KNEW YOU SO CAPTURE GAMMA-RAY SPECTROSCOPY AND RELATED TOPICS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 14th International Symposium on Capture Gamma-Ray Spectroscopy and Related Topics (CGS) CY AUG 28-SEP 02, 2011 CL Univ Guelph, Guelph, CANADA HO Univ Guelph ID NEUTRON RESONANCES; PARITY NONCONSERVATION; TH-232; FLUCTUATIONS; STATES; CHAOS AB Almost since the time Porter and Thomas theorized that resonance reduced neutron widths follow a chi(2) distribution with one degree of freedom (nu = 1), the overwhelming consensus has been that data and theory agree very well. Over the past few years, we have obtained new data at Oak Ridge and Los Alamos National Laboratories that are in stark disagreement with this theory. I also have reanalyzed the most famous data set and found that it is seriously flawed, and, when analyzed carefully, excludes this theory with high confidence. Although the reasons for these disagreements presently are not understood, they could have broad impact on basic and applied nuclear physics, from nuclear astrophysics to nuclear criticality safety. C1 [Koehler, P.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Mail Stop 6356, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. FU Office of Nuclear Physics of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC05-00OR22725]; UT-Battelle, LLC FX This work was supported by the Office of Nuclear Physics of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC05-00OR22725 with UT-Battelle, LLC. NR 26 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA PO BOX 128 FARRER RD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE BN 978-981-4383-63-9 PY 2013 BP 531 EP 539 PG 9 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA BG8QS UT WOS:000392645700071 ER PT J AU Ullmann, JL Bredeweg, TA Couture, AJ Haight, RC Jandel, M Kawano, T Keksis, AL O'Donnell, JM Rundberg, RS Vieira, DJ Wouters, JM Wilhelmy, JB Wu, CY Becker, JA Chyzh, A Baramsai, B Mitchell, GE Krticka, M AF Ullmann, J. L. Bredeweg, T. A. Couture, A. J. Haight, R. C. Jandel, M. Kawano, T. Keksis, A. L. O'Donnell, J. M. Rundberg, R. S. Vieira, D. J. Wouters, J. M. Wilhelmy, J. B. Wu, C. Y. Becker, J. A. Chyzh, A. Baramsai, B. Mitchell, G. E. Krticka, M. BE Garrett, PE Hadinia, B TI GAMMA EMISSION SPECTRA FROM NEUTRON RESONANCES IN U-234,U-236,U-238 MEASURED USING THE DANCE DETECTOR AT LANSCE SO CAPTURE GAMMA-RAY SPECTROSCOPY AND RELATED TOPICS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 14th International Symposium on Capture Gamma-Ray Spectroscopy and Related Topics (CGS) CY AUG 28-SEP 02, 2011 CL Univ Guelph, Guelph, CANADA HO Univ Guelph AB An accurate knowledge of the radiative strength function and level density is needed to calculate of neutron-capture cross sections. An additional constraint on these quantities is provided by measurements of gamma-ray emission spectra following capture. We present gamma-emission spectra from several neutron resonances in U-234,U-236,U-238, measured using the DANCE detector at LANSCE. The measurements are compared to preliminary calculations of the cascade. It is observed that the generalized Lorentzian form of the E1 strength function cannot reproduce the shape of the emission spectra, but a better description is made by adding low-lying M1 Lorentzian strength. C1 [Ullmann, J. L.; Bredeweg, T. A.; Couture, A. J.; Haight, R. C.; Jandel, M.; Kawano, T.; Keksis, A. L.; O'Donnell, J. M.; Rundberg, R. S.; Vieira, D. J.; Wouters, J. M.; Wilhelmy, J. B.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, LANSCE NS, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Wu, C. Y.; Becker, J. A.; Chyzh, A.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Baramsai, B.; Mitchell, G. E.] North Carolina State Univ, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Krticka, M.] Charles Univ Prague, Prague, Czech Republic. FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC52-06NA25396, DE-AC52-07NA27344] FX This work is supported by the U.S. Department of Energy under contract DE-AC52-06NA25396 (LANL) and Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344 (LLNL) and benefitted from the use of the LANSCE accelerator facility. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA PO BOX 128 FARRER RD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE BN 978-981-4383-63-9 PY 2013 BP 540 EP 545 PG 6 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA BG8QS UT WOS:000392645700072 ER PT J AU Bianco, L Garrett, PE Sharpey-Schafer, F Barks, RA Bvumbi, SP Lawrie, EA Lawrie, JJ Madiba, TE Mullins, SM Papka, P Roux, DG Minkova, A Dombradi, Z Nyako, BM Timar, J Juhaz, K Korichi, A Curien, D Dudeck, J Riley, MA Wang, X Riedinger, LL Simpson, J Hartley, DJ Kulp, WD Wood, JL Kondev, FG Sletten, GS Ragnarsson, I AF Bianco, L. Garrett, P. E. Sharpey-Schafer, F. Barks, R. A. Bvumbi, S. P. Lawrie, E. A. Lawrie, J. J. Madiba, T. E. Mullins, S. M. Papka, P. Roux, D. G. Minkova, A. Dombradi, Z. Nyako, B. M. Timar, J. Juhaz, K. Korichi, A. Curien, D. Dudeck, J. Riley, M. A. Wang, X. Riedinger, L. L. Simpson, J. Hartley, D. J. Kulp, W. D. Wood, J. L. Kondev, F. G. Sletten, G. S. Ragnarsson, I. BE Garrett, PE Hadinia, B TI GAMMA SPECTROSCOPY OF Sm-150 SO CAPTURE GAMMA-RAY SPECTROSCOPY AND RELATED TOPICS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 14th International Symposium on Capture Gamma-Ray Spectroscopy and Related Topics (CGS) CY AUG 28-SEP 02, 2011 CL Univ Guelph, Guelph, CANADA HO Univ Guelph ID TRANSITIONAL NUCLEI; T REACTIONS; ISOTOPES; STATES; SM AB The N=88 nucleus Sm-150 has been produced during the Nd-148(alpha,2n)Sm-150 reaction at the Accelerator Laboratory of the University of Jyvaskyla, Finland. Nuclei around the N=90 are considered transitional nuclei, since they lie in a region between lighter nuclei which display vibrational-like spectra and heavier isotopes with a rotational-like structure. The structure of this transitional nuclei and in particular the structure of low-lying excited states still poses some question, and in particular more experimental data are required to investigate their non-yrast collective structures. Some preliminary results which include the placing of new levels and a new positive parity band will be presented. C1 [Bianco, L.; Garrett, P. E.] Univ Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada. [Sharpey-Schafer, F.; Bvumbi, S. P.; Roux, D. G.] Univ Western Cape, Bellville, South Africa. [Sharpey-Schafer, F.; Barks, R. A.; Lawrie, E. A.; Lawrie, J. J.; Mullins, S. M.; Papka, P.] Univ Zululand, Kwa Zulu, South Africa. [Minkova, A.] iThemba Lab Accelerator Based Sci, Somerset West, South Africa. [Dombradi, Z.; Nyako, B. M.; Timar, J.] Bulgarian Acad Sci, INRNE, Sofia, Bulgaria. [Juhaz, K.] ATOMKI, Debrecen, Hungary. [Korichi, A.] Univ Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary. [Curien, D.; Dudeck, J.] CSNSM, Orsay, France. [Riley, M. A.; Wang, X.] FSU, Tallahassee, FL USA. [Riedinger, L. L.; Simpson, J.] Daresbury Lab, Warrington, Cheshire, England. [Kulp, W. D.; Wood, J. L.] US Naval Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Kondev, F. G.; Sletten, G. S.] ANL, Lemont, IL USA. [Ragnarsson, I.] NBI, Copenhagen, Denmark. EM lbianco@uoguelph.ca; pgarrett@physics.uoguelph.ca; kondev@anl.gov NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA PO BOX 128 FARRER RD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE BN 978-981-4383-63-9 PY 2013 BP 591 EP 595 PG 5 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA BG8QS UT WOS:000392645700083 ER PT J AU Orce, JN Djongolov, M Navratil, P Ball, G Garnsworthy, AB Hackman, G Lassen, J Meissner, J Pearson, CJ Li, R Milovanovic, L Sjue, SKL Teigelhoefer, A Triambak, S Williams, SJ Al Falou, H Drake, TE Andreoiu, C Cross, D Kshetri, R Finlay, P Garrett, PE Leach, KG Rand, ET Sumithrarachchi, CS Svensson, CE Tardiff, ER Wong, J Forssen, C Hayes, AB Sarazin, F Stoyer, MA Wu, CY AF Orce, J. N. Djongolov, M. Navratil, P. Ball, G. Garnsworthy, A. B. Hackman, G. Lassen, J. Meissner, J. Pearson, C. J. Li, R. Milovanovic, L. Sjue, S. K. L. Teigelhoefer, A. Triambak, S. Williams, S. J. Al Falou, H. Drake, T. E. Andreoiu, C. Cross, D. Kshetri, R. Finlay, P. Garrett, P. E. Leach, K. G. Rand, E. T. Sumithrarachchi, C. S. Svensson, C. E. Tardiff, E. R. Wong, J. Forssen, C. Hayes, A. B. Sarazin, F. Stoyer, M. A. Wu, C. Y. BE Garrett, PE Hadinia, B TI MEASUREMENT OF THE SPECTROSCOPIC QUADRUPOLE MOMENT FOR THE 2(1)(+) STATE IN Be-10: TESTING AB INITIO CALCULATIONS SO CAPTURE GAMMA-RAY SPECTROSCOPY AND RELATED TOPICS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 14th International Symposium on Capture Gamma-Ray Spectroscopy and Related Topics (CGS) CY AUG 28-SEP 02, 2011 CL Univ Guelph, Guelph, CANADA HO Univ Guelph DE 'Safe' Coulomb excitation; reorientation effect; E1 polarizability; diagonal matrix element; ab initio calculations AB The highly efficient and segmented TIGRESS HPGe gamma-ray array at TRIUMF has been used to perform a reorientation effect Coulomb excitation study of the 2(1)(+) state at 3.368 MeV in Be-10. This is the first Coulomb excitation measurement that provides information on diagonal matrix elements for such a high lying first excited state from gamma-ray data. With the availability of accurate lifetime data, a restriction on the diagonal 2(1)(+vertical bar)M(E2)vertical bar 2(1)(+)) matrix element is determined. This result is compared to a no core shell model calculation with the CD-Bonn 2000 two nucleon potential. C1 [Orce, J. N.; Al Falou, H.] TRIUMF, 4004 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada. [Orce, J. N.] Univ Western Cape, Dept Phys, ZA-7535 Bellville, South Africa. [Al Falou, H.] St Marys Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Halifax, NS B3H 3C3, Canada. [Drake, T. E.] Univ Toronto, Dept Phys, Toronto, ON, Canada. [Andreoiu, C.; Cross, D.; Kshetri, R.] Simon Fraser Univ, Burnaby, BC, Canada. [Finlay, P.; Garrett, P. E.; Leach, K. G.; Rand, E. T.; Sumithrarachchi, C. S.; Svensson, C. E.; Tardiff, E. R.; Wong, J.] Univ Guelph, Dept Phys, Guelph, ON, Canada. [Forssen, C.] Chalmers, Fundamental Phys, SE-41296 Gothenburg, Sweden. [Hayes, A. B.] Univ Rochester, Dept Phys & Astron, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. [Sarazin, F.] Colorado Sch Mines, Dept Phys, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Stoyer, M. A.; Wu, C. Y.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA PO BOX 128 FARRER RD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE BN 978-981-4383-63-9 PY 2013 BP 629 EP 633 PG 5 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA BG8QS UT WOS:000392645700092 ER PT S AU Bytnerowicz, A Fenn, M McNulty, S Yuan, FM Pourmokhtarian, A Driscoll, C Meixner, T AF Bytnerowicz, Andrzej Fenn, Mark McNulty, Steven Yuan, Fengming Pourmokhtarian, Afshin Driscoll, Charles Meixner, Tom BE Matyssek, R Clarke, N Cudlin, P Mikkelsen, TN Tuovinen, JP Wieser, G Paoletti, E TI Interactive Effects of Air Pollution and Climate Change on Forest Ecosystems in the United States: Current Understanding and Future Scenarios SO CLIMATE CHANGE, AIR POLLUTION AND GLOBAL CHALLENGES: UNDERSTANDING AND PERSPECTIVES FROM FOREST RESEARCH SE Developments in Environmental Science LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID SAN-BERNARDINO MOUNTAINS; NORTHERN HARDWOOD FORESTS; MIXED-CONIFER FORESTS; CRITICAL ACID LOADS; NITROGEN DEPOSITION; SURFACE OZONE; TROPOSPHERIC OZONE; LAND-USE; SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA; LOWER STRATOSPHERE C1 [Bytnerowicz, Andrzej; Fenn, Mark] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. [McNulty, Steven] US Forest Serv, USDA, Raleigh, NC USA. [Yuan, Fengming] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, C1imate Change Sci Inst, Oak Ridge, TN USA. [Yuan, Fengming] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Pourmokhtarian, Afshin; Driscoll, Charles] Syracuse Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Syracuse, NY 13244 USA. [Meixner, Tom] Univ Arizona, Tucson, AZ USA. RP Bytnerowicz, A (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. EM abytnerowicz@fs.fed.us OI Driscoll, Charles/0000-0003-2692-2890 NR 90 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1474-8177 BN 978-0-08-098349-3 J9 DEV ENVIRONM SCI PY 2013 VL 13 BP 333 EP 369 DI 10.1016/B978-0-08-098344-3.00016-5 PG 37 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Forestry SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry GA BD2LY UT WOS:000358894200017 ER PT S AU Pascucci, V Bremer, PT Gyulassy, A Scorzelli, G Christensen, C Summa, B Kumar, S AF Pascucci, Valerio Bremer, Peer-Timo Gyulassy, Attila Scorzelli, Giorgio Christensen, Cameron Summa, Brian Kumar, Sidharth BE Catlett, C Gentzsch, W Grandinetti, L Joubert, G VazquezPoletti, JL TI Scalable Visualization and Interactive Analysis using Massive Data Streams SO CLOUD COMPUTING AND BIG DATA SE Advances in Parallel Computing LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Research Workshop on Advanced High Performance Computing Systems (HPC) CY JUN, 2012 CL Cetraro, ITALY DE Visualization; data analysis; topological data analysis; Parallel I/O ID SIMULATION; COMBUSTION AB Historically, data creation and storage has always outpaced the infrastructure for its movement and utilization. This trend is increasing now more than ever, with the ever growing size of scientific simulations, increased resolution of sensors, and large mosaic images. Effective exploration of massive scientific models demands the combination of data management, analysis, and visualization techniques, working together in an interactive setting. The ViSUS application framework has been designed as an environment that allows the interactive exploration and analysis of massive scientific models in a cache-oblivious, hardware-agnostic manner, enabling processing and visualization of possibly geographically distributed data using many kinds of devices and platforms. For general purpose feature segmentation and exploration we discuss a new paradigm based on topological analysis. This approach enables the extraction of summaries of features present in the data through abstract models that are orders of magnitude smaller than the raw data, providing enough information to support general queries and perform a wide range of analyses without access to the original data. C1 [Pascucci, Valerio; Bremer, Peer-Timo; Gyulassy, Attila; Scorzelli, Giorgio; Christensen, Cameron; Summa, Brian; Kumar, Sidharth] Univ Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. [Bremer, Peer-Timo] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. [Pascucci, Valerio] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Pascucci, V (reprint author), Univ Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. NR 25 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU IOS PRESS PI AMSTERDAM PA NIEUWE HEMWEG 6B, 1013 BG AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0927-5452 BN 978-1-61499-322-3; 978-1-61499-321-6 J9 ADV PARALLEL COMPUT PY 2013 VL 23 BP 212 EP 230 DI 10.3233/978-1-61499-322-3-212 PG 19 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Information Systems SC Computer Science GA BC1PK UT WOS:000350347400013 ER PT S AU Bailey, DH Borwein, JM AF Bailey, David H. Borwein, Jonathan M. BE Bailey, DH Bauschke, HH Borwein, P Garvan, F Thera, M Vanderwerff, JD Wolkowicz, H TI Normal Numbers and Pseudorandom Generators SO COMPUTATIONAL AND ANALYTICAL MATHEMATICS: IN HONOR OF JONATHAN BORWEIN'S 60TH BIRTHDAY SE Springer Proceedings in Mathematics & Statistics LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Workshop on Computational and Analytical Mathematics CY MAY 16-20, 2011 CL Simon Fraser Univ, Interdisciplinary Res Math & Computat Sci Ctr, Burnaby, CANADA SP Australian Math Sci Inst, Math Informat Technol & Complex Syst, Pacific Inst Math Sci, Fields Inst, Prior Res Ctr Comp Assisted Res Math & Applicat HO Simon Fraser Univ, Interdisciplinary Res Math & Computat Sci Ctr DE Normal numbers; Stoneham numbers; Pseudorandom number generators AB For an integer b >= 2 a real number a is b-normal if, for all m > 0, every m-long string of digits in the base-b expansion of a appears, in the limit, with frequency b(-m). Although almost all reals in [0,1] are b-normal for every b, it has been rather difficult to exhibit explicit examples. No results whatsoever are known, one way or the other, for the class of "natural" mathematical constants, such as pi, e, root 2 and log2. In this paper, we summarize some previous normality results for a certain class of explicit reals and then show that a specific member of this class, while provably 2-normal, is provably not 6-normal. We then show that a practical and reasonably effective pseudorandom number generator can be defined based on the binary digits of this constant and conclude by sketching out some directions for further research. C1 [Bailey, David H.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Borwein, Jonathan M.] Univ Newcastle, Ctr Comp Assisted Res Math & its Applicat CARMA, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia. [Borwein, Jonathan M.] King Abdulaziz Univ, Jeddah 80200, Saudi Arabia. RP Bailey, DH (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM DHBailey@lbl.gov; jonathan.borwein@newcastle.edu.au NR 17 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 2194-1009 BN 978-1-4614-7621-4; 978-1-4614-7620-7 J9 SPRINGER P MATH STAT PY 2013 VL 50 BP 1 EP 18 DI 10.1007/978-1-4614-7621-4_1 PG 18 WC Mathematics; Statistics & Probability SC Mathematics GA BG6ZQ UT WOS:000391073500001 ER PT J AU Chabaud, BM Brock, JS Williams, TO AF Chabaud, Brandon M. Brock, Jerry S. Williams, Todd O. BE Onate, E Owen, DRJ Peric, D Suarez, B TI A BODNER-PARTOM VISCO-PLASTIC DYNAMIC SPHERE BENCHMARK PROBLEM SO COMPUTATIONAL PLASTICITY XII: FUNDAMENTALS AND APPLICATIONS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Conference on Computational Plasticity (COMPLAS) CY SEP 03-05, 2013 CL Barcelona, SPAIN DE spherical shell; analytic solution; Bodner-Partom model AB Developing benchmark analytic solutions for problems in solid and fluid mechanics is very important for the purpose of testing and verifying computational physics codes. Our primary objective in this research is to obtain a benchmark analytic solution to the equation of motion in radially symmetric spherical coordinates. An analytic solution for the dynamic response of a sphere composed of an isotropic visco-plastic material and subjected to spherically symmetric boundary conditions is developed and implemented. The radial displacement u is computed by solving the equation of motion, a linear second-order hyperbolic PDE. The plastic strains ET, and epsilon(p)(theta theta) are computed by solving two nonlinear first-order ODEs in time. We obtain a solution for u in terms of the plastic strain components and boundary conditions in the form of an infinite series. Computationally, at each time step, we set up an iteration scheme to solve the PDE-ODE system. The linear momentum equation is solved using the plastic strains from the previous iteration, then the plastic strain equations are solved numerically using the new displacement. We demonstrate the accuracy and convergence of our benchmark solution under spatial mesh, time step, and eigenmode refinement. C1 [Chabaud, Brandon M.; Brock, Jerry S.; Williams, Todd O.] LANL, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Chabaud, BM (reprint author), LANL, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM chabaud@lanl.gov; jsbrock@lanl.gov; oakhill@lanl.gov NR 12 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT CENTER NUMERICAL METHODS ENGINEERING PI 08034 BARCELONA PA GRAN CAPITAN, S-N, CAMPUS NORTE UPC, MODULO C1, 08034 BARCELONA, SPAIN BN 978-84-941531-5-0 PY 2013 BP 671 EP 682 PG 12 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mechanics SC Materials Science; Mechanics GA BB7AB UT WOS:000345240600062 ER PT J AU Miles, MP Karki, U Woodward, C Hovanski, Y AF Miles, M. P. Karki, U. Woodward, C. Hovanski, Y. BE Onate, E Owen, DRJ Peric, D Suarez, B TI MODELING OF HIGH SPEED FRICTION STIR SPOT WELDING USING A LAGRANGIAN FINITE ELEMENT APPROACH SO COMPUTATIONAL PLASTICITY XII: FUNDAMENTALS AND APPLICATIONS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Conference on Computational Plasticity (COMPLAS) CY SEP 03-05, 2013 CL Barcelona, SPAIN DE Friction Stir Spot Welding; Lagrangian Finite Element Method; Advanced High Strength Steel ID ULTRAHIGH CARBON-STEEL; MICROSTRUCTURE; SHEETS AB Friction stir spot welding (FSSW) has been shown to be capable of joining steels of very high strength, while also being very flexible in terms of controlling the heat of welding and the resulting microstructure of the joint. This makes FSSW a potential alternative to resistance spot welding (RSW) if tool life is sufficiently high, and if machine spindle loads are sufficiently low so that the process can be implemented on an industrial robot. Robots for spot welding can typically sustain vertical loads of about 8kN, but FSSW at tool speeds of less than 3000 rpm cause loads that are too high, in the range of 11-14 kN. Therefore, in the current work tool speeds of 3000 rpm and higher were employed, in order to generate heat more quickly and to reduce welding loads to acceptable levels. The FSSW process was modeled using a finite element approach with the Forge software package. An updated Lagrangian scheme with explicit time integration was employed to model the flow of the sheet material, subjected to boundary conditions of a rotating tool and a fixed backing plate [3]. The modeling approach can be described as two-dimensional, axisymmetric, but with an aspect of three dimensions in terms of thermal boundary conditions. Material flow was calculated from a velocity field which was two dimensional, but heat generated by friction was computed using a virtual rotational velocity component from the tool surface. An isotropic, viscoplastic Norton-Hoff law was used to model the evolution of material flow stress as a function of strain, strain rate, and temperature. The model predicted welding temperatures and the movement of the joint interface with reasonable accuracy for the welding of a dual phase 980 steel. C1 [Miles, M. P.; Karki, U.; Woodward, C.] Brigham Young Univ, Mfg Engn Technol, Provo, UT 84602 USA. [Hovanski, Y.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Miles, MP (reprint author), Brigham Young Univ, Mfg Engn Technol, Provo, UT 84602 USA. EM mmiles@byu.edu NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 5 PU INT CENTER NUMERICAL METHODS ENGINEERING PI 08034 BARCELONA PA GRAN CAPITAN, S-N, CAMPUS NORTE UPC, MODULO C1, 08034 BARCELONA, SPAIN BN 978-84-941531-5-0 PY 2013 BP 1238 EP 1245 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mechanics SC Materials Science; Mechanics GA BB7AB UT WOS:000345240600115 ER PT J AU Brown, RS Cook, KV Pflugrath, BD Rozeboom, LL Johnson, RC McLellan, JG Linley, TJ Gao, Y Baumgartner, LJ Dowell, FE Miller, EA White, TA AF Brown, Richard S. Cook, Katrina V. Pflugrath, Brett D. Rozeboom, Latricia L. Johnson, Rachelle C. McLellan, Jason G. Linley, Timothy J. Gao, Yong Baumgartner, Lee J. Dowell, Frederick E. Miller, Erin A. White, Timothy A. TI Vulnerability of larval and juvenile white sturgeon to barotrauma: can they handle the pressure? SO CONSERVATION PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Barotrauma; hydropower; hydroturbine; larvae; swim bladder; white sturgeon AB Techniques were developed to determine which life stages of fish are vulnerable to barotrauma from expansion of internal gases during decompression. Eggs, larvae, and juvenile hatchery-reared white sturgeon (Acipenser transmontanus; up to 91 days post hatch; d.p.h.) were decompressed to assess vulnerability to barotrauma and identify initial swim bladder inflation. Barotrauma-related injury and mortality were first observed 9 d.p.h., on the same day as initial exogenous feeding. However, barotrauma-related injury did not occur again until swim bladder inflation 75 d.p.h. (visible at necropsy and on radiographs). Swim bladder inflation was not consistent among individuals, with only 44% being inflated 91 d.p.h. Additionally, swim bladder inflation did not appear to be size dependent among fish ranging in total length from 61 to 153 mm at 91 d.p.h. The use of a combination of decompression tests and radiography was validated as a method to determine initial swim bladder inflation and vulnerability to barotrauma. Extending these techniques to other species and life-history stages would help to determine the susceptibility of fish to hydro turbine passage and aid in fish conservation. C1 [Brown, Richard S.; Cook, Katrina V.; Pflugrath, Brett D.; Rozeboom, Latricia L.; Johnson, Rachelle C.; Linley, Timothy J.; Dowell, Frederick E.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Ecol Grp, 902 Batelle Blvd,POB 999,MSIN K6-85, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [McLellan, Jason G.] Colville Reservat, Confederated Tribes, Spokane, WA USA. [Gao, Yong] China Three Gorges Corp, Chinese Sturgeon Res Inst, Yichang, Hubei Province, Peoples R China. [Baumgartner, Lee J.] Narrandera Fisheries Ctr, Dept Primary Ind, Narrandera, NSW, Australia. [Miller, Erin A.; White, Timothy A.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Radiat Detect & Nucl Sci Grp, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Brown, RS (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Ecol Grp, 902 Batelle Blvd,POB 999,MSIN K6-85, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM rich.brown@pnnl.gov FU US Department of Energy FX We thank M. Howell of the Confederated tribes of the Colville Reservation (Spokane, WA, USA), C. Capaul and M. Combs of the Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife (Olympia, WaA, USA), and Z. D. Deng, R. Walker, R. Klett, D. Geist, A. Colotelo, and other staff of the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (Richland, WA, USA) for their assistance and support in this project. We thank the US Department of Energy for providing funding for interns who assisted with this manuscript through their Science Undergraduate Laboratory Internship program. NR 51 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 2 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 2051-1434 J9 CONSERV PHYSIOL JI Conserv. Physiol. PY 2013 VL 1 IS 1 AR cot019 DI 10.1093/conphys/cot019 PG 9 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Physiology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physiology GA V43TM UT WOS:000209703700004 PM 27293603 ER PT J AU Le Quere, C Andres, RJ Boden, T Conway, T Houghton, RA House, JI Marland, G Peters, GP van der Werf, GR Ahlstrom, A Andrew, RM Bopp, L Canadell, JG Ciais, P Doney, SC Enright, C Friedlingstein, P Huntingford, C Jain, AK Jourdain, C Kato, E Keeling, RF Goldewijk, KK Levis, S Levy, P Lomas, M Poulter, B Raupach, MR Schwinger, J Sitch, S Stocker, BD Viovy, N Zaehle, S Zeng, N AF Le Quere, C. Andres, R. J. Boden, T. Conway, T. Houghton, R. A. House, J. I. Marland, G. Peters, G. P. van der Werf, G. R. Ahlstrom, A. Andrew, R. M. Bopp, L. Canadell, J. G. Ciais, P. Doney, S. C. Enright, C. Friedlingstein, P. Huntingford, C. Jain, A. K. Jourdain, C. Kato, E. Keeling, R. F. Goldewijk, K. Klein Levis, S. Levy, P. Lomas, M. Poulter, B. Raupach, M. R. Schwinger, J. Sitch, S. Stocker, B. D. Viovy, N. Zaehle, S. Zeng, N. TI The global carbon budget 1959-2011 SO EARTH SYSTEM SCIENCE DATA LA English DT Article ID LAND-USE CHANGE; CO2 EMISSIONS; ATMOSPHERIC CO2; VEGETATION DYNAMICS; INTERNATIONAL-TRADE; DIOXIDE EMISSIONS; FIRE EMISSIONS; COVER CHANGE; MODEL; CLIMATE AB Accurate assessments of anthropogenic carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions and their redistribution among the atmosphere, ocean, and terrestrial biosphere is important to better understand the global carbon cycle, support the climate policy process, and project future climate change. Present-day analysis requires the combination of a range of data, algorithms, statistics and model estimates and their interpretation by a broad scientific community. Here we describe datasets and a methodology developed by the global carbon cycle science community to quantify all major components of the global carbon budget, including their uncertainties. We discuss changes compared to previous estimates, consistency within and among components, and methodology and data limitations. CO2 emissions from fossil fuel combustion and cement production (E-FF) are based on energy statistics, while emissions from Land-Use Change (E-LUC), including deforestation, are based on combined evidence from land cover change data, fire activity in regions undergoing deforestation, and models. The global atmospheric CO2 concentration is measured directly and its rate of growth (G(ATM)) is computed from the concentration. The mean ocean CO2 sink (S-OCEAN) is based on observations from the 1990s, while the annual anomalies and trends are estimated with ocean models. Finally, the global residual terrestrial CO2 sink (S-LAND) is estimated by the difference of the other terms. For the last decade available (2002-2011), E-FF was 8.3 +/- 0.4 PgCyr(-1), E-LUC 1.0 +/- 0.5 PgC yr(-1), GATM 4.3 +/- 0.1 PgC yr(-1), S-OCEAN 2.5 +/- 0.5 PgC yr(-1), and S-LAND 2.6 +/- 0.8 PgC yr(-1). For year 2011 alone, E-FF was 9.5 +/- 0.5 PgC yr(-1), 3.0 percent above 2010, reflecting a continued trend in these emissions; E-LUC was 0.9 +/- 0.5 PgC yr(-1), approximately constant throughout the decade; G(ATM) was 3.6 +/- 0.2 PgC yr(-1), S-OCEAN was 2.7 +/- 0.5 PgC yr(-1), and S-LAND was 4.1 +/- 0.9 PgC yr(-1). G(ATM) was low in 2011 compared to the 2002-2011 average because of a high uptake by the land probably in response to natural climate variability associated to La Nina conditions in the Pacific Ocean. The global atmospheric CO2 concentration reached 391.31 +/- 0.13 ppm at the end of year 2011. We estimate that E-FF will have increased by 2.6% (1.9-3.5 %) in 2012 based on projections of gross world product and recent changes in the carbon intensity of the economy. All uncertainties are reported as +/- 1 sigma (68% confidence assuming Gaussian error distributions that the real value lies within the given interval), reflecting the current capacity to characterise the annual estimates of each component of the global carbon budget. This paper is intended to provide a baseline to keep track of annual carbon budgets in the future. All data presented here can be downloaded from the Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center (doi:10.3334/CDIAC/GCP_V2013). C1 [Le Quere, C.; Enright, C.; Jourdain, C.] Univ E Anglia, Tyndall Ctr Climate Change Res, Norwich NR4 7TJ, Norfolk, England. [Andres, R. J.; Boden, T.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, CDIAC, Oak Ridge, TN USA. [Conway, T.] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab NOAA ESRL, Boulder, CO 80305 USA. [Houghton, R. A.] WHRC, Falmouth, MA 02540 USA. [House, J. I.] Univ Bristol, Dept Geog, Cabot Inst, Bristol BS8 1TH, Avon, England. [Marland, G.] Appalachian State Univ, Res Inst Environm Energy & Econ, Boone, NC 28608 USA. [Peters, G. P.; Andrew, R. M.] Ctr Int Climate & Environm Res Oslo CICERO, Oslo, Norway. [van der Werf, G. R.] Vrije Univ Amsterdam, Fac Earth & Life Sci, Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Ahlstrom, A.] Lund Univ, Dept Phys Geog & Ecosyst Sci, Lund, Sweden. [Bopp, L.; Ciais, P.; Poulter, B.; Viovy, N.] UVSQ, CEA, CNRS, Lab Sci Climat & Environm,CE Orme Merisiers, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Canadell, J. G.; Raupach, M. R.] CSIRO Marine & Atmospher Res, Global Carbon Project, Canberra, ACT, Australia. [Doney, S. C.] Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA. [Friedlingstein, P.] Univ Exeter, Coll Engn Math & Phys Sci, Exeter, Devon, England. [Huntingford, C.; Levy, P.] CEH, Wallingford OX10 8BB, Oxon, England. [Jain, A. K.] Univ Illinois, Dept Atmospher Sci, Chicago, IL 60680 USA. [Kato, E.] Natl Inst Environm Studies, Ctr Global Environm Res, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan. [Keeling, R. F.] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Goldewijk, K. Klein] PBL Netherlands Environm Assessment Agcy, The Hague, Netherlands. [Goldewijk, K. Klein] Univ Utrecht, Dept Innovat & Environm Sci IMEW, Utrecht, Netherlands. [Goldewijk, K. Klein] Univ Utrecht, Inst Hist & Culture OGC, Utrecht, Netherlands. [Levis, S.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. [Lomas, M.] Univ Sheffield, CTCD, Sheffield S10 2TN, S Yorkshire, England. [Schwinger, J.] Univ Bergen, Inst Geophys, Bergen, Norway. [Schwinger, J.] Bjerknes Ctr Climate Res, Bergen, Norway. [Sitch, S.] Univ Exeter, Coll Life & Environm Sci, Exeter EX4 4RJ, Devon, England. [Stocker, B. D.] Univ Bern, Inst Phys, Climate & Environm Phys, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland. [Stocker, B. D.] Univ Bern, Oeschger Ctr Climate Change Res, Bern, Switzerland. [Zaehle, S.] Max Planck Inst Biogeochem, D-07745 Jena, Germany. [Zeng, N.] Univ Maryland, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, College Pk, MD USA. RP Le Quere, C (reprint author), Univ E Anglia, Tyndall Ctr Climate Change Res, Norwich Res Pk, Norwich NR4 7TJ, Norfolk, England. EM c.lequere@uea.ac.uk RI Doney, Scott/F-9247-2010; Canadell, Josep/E-9419-2010; House, Joanna/B-6477-2016; Friedlingstein, Pierre/H-2700-2014; Huntingford, Chris/A-4307-2008; van der Werf, Guido/M-8260-2016; Stocker, Benjamin/K-3194-2015; Peters, Glen/B-1012-2008; Le Quere, Corinne/C-2631-2017; Zaehle, Sonke/C-9528-2017; Jain, Atul/D-2851-2016; Ahlstrom, Anders/F-3215-2017; Klein Goldewijk, Kees/L-5567-2013 OI Huntingford, Chris/0000-0002-5941-7770; Poulter, Benjamin/0000-0002-9493-8600; ANDRES, ROBERT/0000-0001-8781-4979; Andrew, Robbie/0000-0001-8590-6431; Doney, Scott/0000-0002-3683-2437; Canadell, Josep/0000-0002-8788-3218; House, Joanna/0000-0003-4576-3960; van der Werf, Guido/0000-0001-9042-8630; Stocker, Benjamin/0000-0003-2697-9096; Peters, Glen/0000-0001-7889-8568; Le Quere, Corinne/0000-0003-2319-0452; Zaehle, Sonke/0000-0001-5602-7956; Jain, Atul/0000-0002-4051-3228; Ahlstrom, Anders/0000-0003-1642-0037; FU UK Natural Environment Research Council; GCP though their International Opportunities Fund [NE/103002X/1]; EU FP7 [283080, 226520, 264879]; Norwegian Research Council [221355/E10]; US National Science Foundation [NSF AGS-1048827]; Leverhulme Research Fellowship; Cabot Institute, University of Bristol; US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Biological and Environmental Research (BER) programs; US Department of Energy [DE-AC05-00OR22725]; Centre for Ecology and Hydrology "Science Budget"; Global Environment Research Fund of the Ministry of Environment of Japan [S-10]; European Research Council; Swiss National Science Foundation; NASA LCLUC Program [NNX08AK75G]; Office of Science (BER), US Department of Energy [DOE-DE-SC0006706] FX We thank all people and institutions who provided data used in this carbon budget, in particular, G. Hurt, L. Chini, and I. Harris. The observations and modelling analysis were possible thanks to funding from multiple agencies around the world. The UK Natural Environment Research Council provided funding to CLQ and the GCP though their International Opportunities Fund specifically to support this publication (project NE/103002X/1). CLQ, PC, SZ, and JS thank the EU FP7 for funding through projects GEOCarbon (283080), COMBINE (226520) and CARBOCHANGE (264879). GPP and RMA acknowledge support from the Norwegian Research Council (221355/E10). SCD acknowledges support from the US National Science Foundation (NSF AGS-1048827). JH was supported by a Leverhulme Research Fellowship and the Cabot Institute, University of Bristol. RJA and TAB were sponsored by US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Biological and Environmental Research (BER) programs and performed at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) under US Department of Energy contract DE-AC05-00OR22725. CH was supported by the Centre for Ecology and Hydrology "Science Budget". EK was supported by the Global Environment Research Fund (S-10) of the Ministry of Environment of Japan. GrvdW was supported by the European Research Council. BDS was supported by the Swiss National Science Foundation. AA acknowledges the Mistra-SWECIA programme and the strategic research areas MERGE, BECC and LUCCI. AKJ is funded by the NASA LCLUC Program (No. NNX08AK75G) and the Office of Science (BER), US Department of Energy (DOE-DE-SC0006706). NR 79 TC 200 Z9 202 U1 21 U2 110 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1866-3508 EI 1866-3516 J9 EARTH SYST SCI DATA JI Earth Syst. Sci. Data PY 2013 VL 5 IS 1 BP 165 EP 185 DI 10.5194/essd-5-165-2013 PG 21 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA V39MP UT WOS:000209415400013 ER PT J AU Hugelius, G Bockheim, JG Camill, P Elberling, B Grosse, G Harden, JW Johnson, K Jorgenson, T Koven, CD Kuhry, P Michaelson, G Mishra, U Palmtag, J Ping, CL O'Donnell, J Schirrmeister, L Schuur, EAG Sheng, Y Smith, LC Strauss, J Yu, Z AF Hugelius, G. Bockheim, J. G. Camill, P. Elberling, B. Grosse, G. Harden, J. W. Johnson, K. Jorgenson, T. Koven, C. D. Kuhry, P. Michaelson, G. Mishra, U. Palmtag, J. Ping, C. -L. O'Donnell, J. Schirrmeister, L. Schuur, E. A. G. Sheng, Y. Smith, L. C. Strauss, J. Yu, Z. TI A new data set for estimating organic carbon storage to 3m depth in soils of the northern circumpolar permafrost region SO EARTH SYSTEM SCIENCE DATA LA English DT Article ID CLIMATE-CHANGE; SIBERIAN PEATLANDS; ALASKA; CYCLE; VULNERABILITY; SENSITIVITY; BUDGET AB High-latitude terrestrial ecosystems are key components in the global carbon cycle. The Northern Circumpolar Soil Carbon Database (NCSCD) was developed to quantify stocks of soil organic carbon (SOC) in the northern circumpolar permafrost region (a total area of 18.7 x 10(6) km(2)). The NCSCD is a geographical information system (GIS) data set that has been constructed using harmonized regional soil classification maps together with pedon data from the northern permafrost region. Previously, the NCSCD has been used to calculate SOC storage to the reference depths 0-30 cm and 0-100 cm (based on 1778 pedons). It has been shown that soils of the northern circumpolar permafrost region also contain significant quantities of SOC in the 100-300 cm depth range, but there has been no circumpolar compilation of pedon data to quantify this deeper SOC pool and there are no spatially distributed estimates of SOC storage below 100 cm depth in this region. Here we describe the synthesis of an updated pedon data set for SOC storage (kg C m(-2)) in deep soils of the northern circumpolar permafrost regions, with separate data sets for the 100-200 cm (524 pedons) and 200300 cm (356 pedons) depth ranges. These pedons have been grouped into the North American and Eurasian sectors and the mean SOC storage for different soil taxa (subdivided into Gelisols including the sub-orders Histels, Turbels, Orthels, permafrost-free Histosols, and permafrost-free mineral soil orders) has been added to the updated NCSCDv2. The updated version of the data set is freely available on-line in different file formats and spatial resolutions that enable spatially explicit applications in GIS mapping and terrestrial ecosystem models. While this newly compiled data set adds to our knowledge of SOC in the 100-300 cm depth range, it also reveals that large uncertainties remain. Identified data gaps include spatial coverage of deep (> 100 cm) pedons in many regions as well as the spatial extent of areas with thin soils overlying bedrock and the quantity and distribution of massive ground ice. An open access data-portal for the pedon data set and the GIS-data sets is available online at http://bolin.su.se/data/ncscd/. The NCSCDv2 data set has a digital object identifier (doi: 10.5879/ECDS/00000002). C1 [Hugelius, G.; Kuhry, P.; Palmtag, J.] Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys Geog & Quaternary Geol, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Bockheim, J. G.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Soil Sci, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Camill, P.] Bowdoin Coll, Earth & Oceanog Sci Dept, Brunswick, ME 04011 USA. [Camill, P.] Bowdoin Coll, Environm Studies Program, Brunswick, ME 04011 USA. [Elberling, B.] Univ Copenhagen, Dept Geosci & Nat Resource Management, CENPERM Ctr Permafrost, DK-1350 Copenhagen, Denmark. [Elberling, B.] Univ Ctr Svalbard, UNIS, Longyearbyen, Norway. [Grosse, G.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Inst Geophys, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. [Harden, J. W.] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. [Johnson, K.] US Forest Serv, Newtown Sq, PA 29008 USA. [Jorgenson, T.] Alaska Ecosci, Fairbanks, AK 99709 USA. [Koven, C. D.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Michaelson, G.; Ping, C. -L.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Palmer Res Ctr, Palmer, AK 99645 USA. [Mishra, U.] Argonne Natl Lab, Environm Sci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [O'Donnell, J.] Arctic Network, Fairbanks, AK 99709 USA. [Schirrmeister, L.; Strauss, J.] Helmholtz Ctr Polar & Marin, Alfred Wegener Inst, Periglacial Res Unit, D-14473 Potsdam, Germany. [Schuur, E. A. G.] Univ Florida, Dept Biol, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Sheng, Y.; Smith, L. C.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Geog, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Yu, Z.] Lehigh Univ, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, Bethlehem, PA 18015 USA. RP Hugelius, G (reprint author), Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys Geog & Quaternary Geol, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. EM gustaf.hugelius@natgeo.su.se RI Schirrmeister, Lutz/O-5584-2015; Elberling, Bo/M-4000-2014; Koven, Charles/N-8888-2014 OI Grosse, Guido/0000-0001-5895-2141; Strauss, Jens/0000-0003-4678-4982; Schirrmeister, Lutz/0000-0001-9455-0596; Elberling, Bo/0000-0002-6023-885X; Koven, Charles/0000-0002-3367-0065 NR 37 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 2 U2 16 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1866-3508 EI 1866-3516 J9 EARTH SYST SCI DATA JI Earth Syst. Sci. Data PY 2013 VL 5 IS 2 BP 393 EP 402 DI 10.5194/essd-5-393-2013 PG 10 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA V39MQ UT WOS:000209415500015 ER PT S AU Furman, MA AF Furman, M. A. BE Cimino, R Rumolo, G Zimmermann, F TI ELECTRON CLOUD EFFECTS IN ACCELERATORS SO ECLOUD'12: JOINT INFN-CERN-EUCARD-ACCNET WORKSHOP ON ELECTRON-CLOUD EFFECTS SE C E R N Reports LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Joint INFN-CERN-EuCARD-AccNet Workshop on Electron-Cloud Effects (ECLOUD) CY JUN 05-09, 2012 CL ITALY SP INFN Frascati, CERN, EuCARD AccNet, CERN, Low Emittance Ring, INFN Pisa ID INTENSE PHOTON IRRADIATION; SECONDARY-ELECTRON; PHOTOELECTRON; YIELD AB We present a brief summary of various aspects of the electron-cloud effect (ECE) in accelerators. For further details, the reader is encouraged to refer to the proceedings of many prior workshops, either dedicated to EC or with significant EC contents, including the entire "ECLOUD" series [1-22]. In addition, the proceedings of the various flavors of Particle Accelerator Conferences [23] contain a large number of EC-related publications. The ICFA Beam Dynamics Newsletter series [24] contains one dedicated issue, and several occasional articles, on EC. An extensive reference database is the LHC website on EC [25]. C1 [Furman, M. A.] LBNL, Ctr Beam Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Furman, M. A.] Cornell Univ, CLASSE, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Furman, MA (reprint author), LBNL, Ctr Beam Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM mafurman@lbl.gov FU US DOE [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX Work supported by the US DOE under contract DE-AC02-05CH11231. NR 68 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU C E R N PI GENEVA PA MEYRIN, CH-1211 GENEVA, SWITZERLAND SN 0007-8328 BN 978-92-9083-386-4 J9 CERN REPORT PY 2013 BP 1 EP 8 PG 8 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BG8NM UT WOS:000392504600001 ER PT S AU Dugan, G Billing, M Butler, K Chu, J Crittenden, J Forster, M Kreinick, D Meller, R Palmer, M Ramirez, G Rendina, M Rider, N Sonnad, K Williams, H Campbell, R Holtzapple, R Randazzo, M Flanagan, J Ohmi, K Furman, M Venturini, M Pivi, M AF Dugan, G. Billing, M. Butler, K. Chu, J. Crittenden, J. Forster, M. Kreinick, D. Meller, R. Palmer, M. Ramirez, G. Rendina, M. Rider, N. Sonnad, K. Williams, H. Campbell, R. Holtzapple, R. Randazzo, M. Flanagan, J. Ohmi, K. Furman, M. Venturini, M. Pivi, M. BE Cimino, R Rumolo, G Zimmermann, F TI Observations and Predictions at CESRTA, and Outlook for ILC SO ECLOUD'12: JOINT INFN-CERN-EUCARD-ACCNET WORKSHOP ON ELECTRON-CLOUD EFFECTS SE C E R N Reports LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Joint INFN-CERN-EuCARD-AccNet Workshop on Electron-Cloud Effects (ECLOUD) CY JUN 05-09, 2012 CL ITALY SP INFN Frascati, CERN, EuCARD AccNet, CERN, Low Emittance Ring, INFN Pisa C1 [Dugan, G.; Billing, M.; Butler, K.; Chu, J.; Crittenden, J.; Forster, M.; Kreinick, D.; Meller, R.; Palmer, M.; Ramirez, G.; Rendina, M.; Rider, N.; Sonnad, K.; Williams, H.] Cornell Univ, CLASSE, Ithaca, NY 14850 USA. [Campbell, R.; Holtzapple, R.; Randazzo, M.] Cal Poly State Univ, San Luis Obispo, CA USA. [Flanagan, J.; Ohmi, K.] KEK, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan. [Furman, M.; Venturini, M.] LBNL, Berkeley, CA USA. [Pivi, M.] SLAC, Menlo Pk, CA USA. RP Dugan, G (reprint author), Cornell Univ, CLASSE, Ithaca, NY 14850 USA. FU US National Science Foundation [PHY-0734867, PHY-1002467, PHY-1068662]; US Department of Energy [DE-FC02-08ER41538]; Japan/US Cooperation Program FX Work supported by the US National Science Foundation (PHY-0734867, PHY-1002467, and PHY-1068662), US Department of Energy (DE-FC02-08ER41538), and the Japan/US Cooperation Program NR 26 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU C E R N PI GENEVA PA MEYRIN, CH-1211 GENEVA, SWITZERLAND SN 0007-8328 BN 978-92-9083-386-4 J9 CERN REPORT PY 2013 BP 31 EP 41 PG 11 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BG8NM UT WOS:000392504600005 ER PT S AU Bhat, CM Damerau, H Hancock, S Mahner, E Caspers, F Iadarola, G Argyropoulos, T Zimmermann, F AF Bhat, C. M. Damerau, H. Hancock, S. Mahner, E. Caspers, F. Iadarola, G. Argyropoulos, T. Zimmermann, F. BE Cimino, R Rumolo, G Zimmermann, F TI DEPENDENCE OF E-CLOUD ON THE LONGITUDINAL BUNCH PROFILE: STUDIES IN THE PS & EXTENSION TO THE HL-LHC SO ECLOUD'12: JOINT INFN-CERN-EUCARD-ACCNET WORKSHOP ON ELECTRON-CLOUD EFFECTS SE C E R N Reports LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Joint INFN-CERN-EuCARD-AccNet Workshop on Electron-Cloud Effects (ECLOUD) CY JUN 05-09, 2012 CL ITALY SP INFN Frascati, CERN, EuCARD AccNet, CERN, Low Emittance Ring, INFN Pisa AB Recent studies have shown that the prospects for significantly increasing bunch intensities in the LHC for the luminosity upgrade (HL-LHC) may be severely limited by the available cryogenic cooling capacity and the electron-cloud (EC) driven beam instability. However, it is planned that during the HL-LHC era the bunch intensities in the LHC will go up by nearly a factor of two compared to the LHC-design values. This motivates the exploration of additional EC mitigation techniques that can be adopted in addition to those already in place. Preliminary simulations indicated that long "flat" bunches can be beneficial over Gaussian bunches to reduce the EC build up. Rigorous studies using realistic bunch profiles have never been done. Therefore, we have undertaken an in-depth investigation in the CERN 26 GeV PS to see if we can validate the previous findings and, in particular, if flattening the bunch can mitigate the EC. Here we present the results from dedicated EC measurements in the PS using a variety of bunch shapes and a comparison with simulations. Finally, we investigate if reshaping the bunch profiles using a 2nd harmonic rf cavity can mitigate EC in the HL-LHC. C1 [Bhat, C. M.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. [Damerau, H.; Hancock, S.; Mahner, E.; Caspers, F.; Iadarola, G.; Argyropoulos, T.; Zimmermann, F.] CERN, Geneva, Switzerland. RP Bhat, CM (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. FU Fermi Research Alliance, with the U. S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-07CH11359]; US LHC Accelerator Research Program ( LARP); Coordinated Accelerator Research in Europe - High Intensity, High Energy, Hadron Beam ( CARE- HHH) FX The authors would like to thank the CERN operation team for their help while conducting the beam experiments in the PS accelerator. One of the authors (CMB) is specially indebeted to O. Bruning, G. Arduini, E. Shaposhnikova, R. Garoby, G .Rumolo and S .Gilardoni for their hospitality at CERN and many useful discussions.. Also, special thanks are due to Humberto M. Cuna for his help in early stages of simulation studies and M. Goodman for his comments on this paper. This work is supported by Fermi Research Alliance, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC02-07CH11359 with the U. S. Department of Energy, US LHC Accelerator Research Program (LARP) and Coordinated Accelerator Research in Europe - High Intensity, High Energy, Hadron Beam (CARE- HHH). NR 30 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU C E R N PI GENEVA PA MEYRIN, CH-1211 GENEVA, SWITZERLAND SN 0007-8328 BN 978-92-9083-386-4 J9 CERN REPORT PY 2013 BP 55 EP 65 PG 11 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BG8NM UT WOS:000392504600008 ER PT S AU Boon, L Harkay, K AF Boon, Laura Harkay, Katherine BE Cimino, R Rumolo, G Zimmermann, F TI CHAMBER SURFACE ROUGHNESS AND ELECTRON CLOUD FOR THE ADVANCED PHOTON SOURCE SUPERCONDUCTING UNDULATOR SO ECLOUD'12: JOINT INFN-CERN-EUCARD-ACCNET WORKSHOP ON ELECTRON-CLOUD EFFECTS SE C E R N Reports LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Joint INFN-CERN-EuCARD-AccNet Workshop on Electron-Cloud Effects (ECLOUD) CY JUN 05-09, 2012 CL ITALY SP INFN Frascati, CERN, EuCARD AccNet, CERN, Low Emittance Ring, INFN Pisa AB The electron cloud is a possible heat source in the superconducting undulator (SCU) designed for the Advanced Photon Source (APS), a 7-GeV electron synchrotron radiation source at Argonne National Laboratory. In electron cloud generation extensive research has been done, and is continuing, to understand the secondary electron component. However, little work has been done to understand the parameters of photoemission in the accelerator environment. To better understand the primary electron generation in the APS; a beamline at the Australian Light Source synchrotron was used to characterize two samples of the Al APS vacuum chamber. The total photoelectron yield and the photoemission spectra were measured. Four parameters were varied: surface roughness, sample temperature, incident photon energy, and incident photon angle, with their results presented here. C1 [Boon, Laura] Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47905 USA. [Harkay, Katherine] ANL, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Boon, L (reprint author), Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47905 USA. EM lboon@purdue.edu FU U.S. Department of Energy; Office of Science; Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX Work supported by U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. Measurements taken on the Soft X-Ray Beamline at the Australian Synchrotron NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU C E R N PI GENEVA PA MEYRIN, CH-1211 GENEVA, SWITZERLAND SN 0007-8328 BN 978-92-9083-386-4 J9 CERN REPORT PY 2013 BP 95 EP 98 PG 4 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BG8NM UT WOS:000392504600014 ER PT S AU Andronov, AN Smirnov, AS Kaganovich, ID Startsev, EA Raitses, Y Demidov, VI AF Andronov, A. N. Smirnov, A. S. Kaganovich, I. D. Startsev, E. A. Raitses, Y. Demidov, V. I. BE Cimino, R Rumolo, G Zimmermann, F TI SECONDARY ELECTRON EMISSION YIELD IN THE LIMIT OF LOW ELECTRON ENERGY SO ECLOUD'12: JOINT INFN-CERN-EUCARD-ACCNET WORKSHOP ON ELECTRON-CLOUD EFFECTS SE C E R N Reports LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Joint INFN-CERN-EuCARD-AccNet Workshop on Electron-Cloud Effects (ECLOUD) CY JUN 05-09, 2012 CL ITALY SP INFN Frascati, CERN, EuCARD AccNet, CERN, Low Emittance Ring, INFN Pisa ID WORK FUNCTION; REFLECTION AB Secondary electron emission (SEE) from solids plays an important role in many areas of science and technology. 1 In recent years, there has been renewed interest in the experimental and theoretical studies of SEE. A recent study proposed that the reflectivity of very low energy electrons from solid surface approaches unity in the limit of zero electron energy(2,3,4,) If this was indeed the case, this effect would have profound implications on the formation of electron clouds in particle accelerators, (2-4) plasma measurements with electrostatic Langmuir probes, and operation of Hall plasma thrusters for spacecraft propulsion(5,6). It appears that, the proposed high electron reflectivity at low electron energies contradicts to numerous previous experimental studies of the secondary electron emission(7). The goal of this note is to discuss possible causes of these contradictions. C1 [Andronov, A. N.; Smirnov, A. S.] St Petersburg State Polytech Univ, St Petersburg 195251, Russia. [Kaganovich, I. D.; Startsev, E. A.; Raitses, Y.] Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. [Demidov, V. I.] West Virginia Univ, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. RP Andronov, AN (reprint author), St Petersburg State Polytech Univ, St Petersburg 195251, Russia. FU U.S. Department of Energy; U.S. Air Force Office of Scientific Research FX This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy and the U.S. Air Force Office of Scientific Research. NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU C E R N PI GENEVA PA MEYRIN, CH-1211 GENEVA, SWITZERLAND SN 0007-8328 BN 978-92-9083-386-4 J9 CERN REPORT PY 2013 BP 161 EP 163 PG 3 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BG8NM UT WOS:000392504600024 ER PT S AU Sikora, JP Schwartz, RM Sonnad, KG Alesini, D De Santis, S AF Sikora, J. P. Schwartz, R. M. Sonnad, K. G. Alesini, D. De Santis, S. BE Cimino, R Rumolo, G Zimmermann, F TI TEWAVE MEASUREMENT AND MODELING SO ECLOUD'12: JOINT INFN-CERN-EUCARD-ACCNET WORKSHOP ON ELECTRON-CLOUD EFFECTS SE C E R N Reports LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Joint INFN-CERN-EuCARD-AccNet Workshop on Electron-Cloud Effects (ECLOUD) CY JUN 05-09, 2012 CL ITALY SP INFN Frascati, CERN, EuCARD AccNet, CERN, Low Emittance Ring, INFN Pisa AB In the TE wave method, microwaves are coupled into the beam-pipe and the effect of the electron cloud on these microwaves is measured. An electron cloud (EC) density can then be calculated from this measurement. There are two analysis methods currently in use. The first treats the microwaves as being transmitted from one point to another in the accelerator. The second more recent method, treats the beam-pipe as a resonant cavity. This paper will summarize the reasons for adopting the resonant TE wave analysis as well as give examples from CESRTA and DA Phi NE of resonant beam-pipe. The results of bead-pull bench measurements will show some possible standing wave patterns, including a cutoff mode (evanescent) where the field decreases exponentially with distance from the drive point. We will outline other recent developments in the TE wave method including VORPAL simulations of microwave resonances, as well as the simulation of transmission in the presence of both an electron cloud and magnetic fields. C1 [Sikora, J. P.; Schwartz, R. M.; Sonnad, K. G.] CLASSE, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Alesini, D.] INFN LNF, Rome, Italy. [De Santis, S.] LBNL, Berkeley, CA USA. RP Sikora, JP (reprint author), CLASSE, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM jps13@cornell.edu FU US National Science Foundation [PHY-0734867, PHY-1002467]; US Department of Energy [DE-FC02-08ER41538, DE-SC0006505] FX This work is supported by the US National Science Foundation PHY-0734867, PHY-1002467 and the US Department of Energy DE-FC02-08ER41538, DE-SC0006505. NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU C E R N PI GENEVA PA MEYRIN, CH-1211 GENEVA, SWITZERLAND SN 0007-8328 BN 978-92-9083-386-4 J9 CERN REPORT PY 2013 BP 181 EP 188 PG 8 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BG8NM UT WOS:000392504600028 ER PT S AU Li, K Cesaratto, J Fox, JD Pivi, M Rivetta, C Rumolo, G AF Li, Kevin Cesaratto, J. Fox, J. D. Pivi, M. Rivetta, C. Rumolo, G. BE Cimino, R Rumolo, G Zimmermann, F TI INSTABILITIES SIMULATIONS WITH WIDEBAND FEEDBACK SYSTEMS: CMAD, HEADTAIL, WARP SO ECLOUD'12: JOINT INFN-CERN-EUCARD-ACCNET WORKSHOP ON ELECTRON-CLOUD EFFECTS SE C E R N Reports LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Joint INFN-CERN-EuCARD-AccNet Workshop on Electron-Cloud Effects (ECLOUD) CY JUN 05-09, 2012 CL ITALY SP INFN Frascati, CERN, EuCARD AccNet, CERN, Low Emittance Ring, INFN Pisa AB Transverse mode coupling (TMCI) and electron cloud instabilities (ECI) pose fundamental limitations on the acceptable beam intensities in the SPS at CERN. This in turn limits the ultimate achievable luminosity in the LHC. Therefore, future luminosity upgrades foresee methods for evading TMCI as well as ECI. Proposed approaches within the LHC Injector Upgrade (LIU) project include new optics with reduced transition energy as well as vacuum chamber coating techniques. As a complementary option, high bandwidth feedback systems may provide instability mitigation by actively damping the intra-bunch motion of unstable modes. In an effort to evaluate the potentials and limitations of such feedback systems and to characterise some of the specifications, a numerical model of a realistic feedback system has been developed and integrated into available instabilities simulation codes. Together with the implementation of this new feedback system model, CMAD and HEADTAIL have been used to investigate the impact of different wideband feedback systems on ECI in the SPS. In this paper, we present some details on the numerical model of the realistic feedback system and its implementation as well as the results obtained from the simulation study using this model together with the instability codes. C1 [Li, Kevin; Cesaratto, J.; Fox, J. D.; Pivi, M.; Rivetta, C.] SLAC, 2575 Sand Hill Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. [Li, Kevin; Rumolo, G.] CERN, Geneva, Switzerland. RP Li, K (reprint author), SLAC, 2575 Sand Hill Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU C E R N PI GENEVA PA MEYRIN, CH-1211 GENEVA, SWITZERLAND SN 0007-8328 BN 978-92-9083-386-4 J9 CERN REPORT PY 2013 BP 203 EP 210 PG 8 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BG8NM UT WOS:000392504600031 ER PT S AU Hershcovitch, A Blaskiewicz, M Brennan, JM Chawla, A Fischer, W Liaw, CJ Meng, W Todd, R Custer, A Erickson, M Jamshidi, N Kobrin, P Laping, R Poole, HJ Jimenez, JM Neupert, H Taborelli, M Yin-Vallgren, C Sochugov, N AF Hershcovitch, A. Blaskiewicz, M. Brennan, J. M. Chawla, A. Fischer, W. Liaw, C-J Meng, W. Todd, R. Custer, A. Erickson, M. Jamshidi, N. Kobrin, P. Laping, R. Poole, H. J. Jimenez, J. M. Neupert, H. Taborelli, M. Yin-Vallgren, C. Sochugov, N. BE Cimino, R Rumolo, G Zimmermann, F TI RECENT RHIC IN-SITU COATING TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENTS SO ECLOUD'12: JOINT INFN-CERN-EUCARD-ACCNET WORKSHOP ON ELECTRON-CLOUD EFFECTS SE C E R N Reports LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Joint INFN-CERN-EuCARD-AccNet Workshop on Electron-Cloud Effects (ECLOUD) CY JUN 05-09, 2012 CL ITALY SP INFN Frascati, CERN, EuCARD AccNet, CERN, Low Emittance Ring, INFN Pisa AB To rectify the problems of electron clouds observed in RHIC and unacceptable ohmic heating for superconducting magnets that can limit future machine upgrades, we started developing a robotic plasma deposition technique for in-situ coating of the RHIC 316LN stainless steel cold bore tubes based on staged magnetrons mounted on a mobile mole for deposition of Cu followed by amorphous carbon (a-C) coating. The Cu coating reduces wall resistivity, while a-C has low SEY that suppresses electron cloud formation. Recent RF resistivity computations indicate that 10 mu m of Cu coating thickness is needed. But, Cu coatings thicker than 2 mu m can have grain structures that might have lower SEY like gold black. A 15-cm Cu cathode magnetron was designed and fabricated, after which, 30 cm long samples of RHIC cold bore tubes were coated with various OFHC copper thicknesses; room temperature RF resistivity measured. Rectangular stainless steel and SS discs were Cu coated. SEY of rectangular samples were measured at room; and, SEY of a disc sample was measured at cryogenic temperatures. C1 [Hershcovitch, A.; Blaskiewicz, M.; Brennan, J. M.; Chawla, A.; Fischer, W.; Liaw, C-J; Meng, W.; Todd, R.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Custer, A.; Erickson, M.; Jamshidi, N.; Kobrin, P.; Laping, R.; Poole, H. J.] PVI, Oxnard, CA 93031 USA. [Jimenez, J. M.; Neupert, H.; Taborelli, M.; Yin-Vallgren, C.] CERN, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. [Sochugov, N.] Inst High Current Elect, Tomsk 634055, Russia. RP Hershcovitch, A (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM hershcovitch@bnl.gov FU US Department of Energy [DE-AC02-98CH1-886] FX Work supported by Work supported under Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH1-886 with the US Department of Energy. NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU C E R N PI GENEVA PA MEYRIN, CH-1211 GENEVA, SWITZERLAND SN 0007-8328 BN 978-92-9083-386-4 J9 CERN REPORT PY 2013 BP 251 EP 258 PG 8 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BG8NM UT WOS:000392504600038 ER PT S AU Zobov, M Alesini, D Drago, A Gallo, A Guiducci, S Milardi, C Stella, A De Santis, S Demma, T Raimondi, P AF Zobov, M. Alesini, D. Drago, A. Gallo, A. Guiducci, S. Milardi, C. Stella, A. De Santis, S. Demma, T. Raimondi, P. BE Cimino, R Rumolo, G Zimmermann, F TI OPERATING EXPERIENCE WITH ELECTRON CLOUD CLEARING ELECTRODES AT DA Phi NE SO ECLOUD'12: JOINT INFN-CERN-EUCARD-ACCNET WORKSHOP ON ELECTRON-CLOUD EFFECTS SE C E R N Reports LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Joint INFN-CERN-EuCARD-AccNet Workshop on Electron-Cloud Effects (ECLOUD) CY JUN 05-09, 2012 CL ITALY SP INFN Frascati, CERN, EuCARD AccNet, CERN, Low Emittance Ring, INFN Pisa AB During the current run of an electron-positron collider DA Phi NE special electrodes for electron cloud suppression have been inserted in all dipole and wiggler magnets of the positron ring. In this paper we discuss the impact of these electrodes on beam dynamics and overall collider performance. In particular we report results of measurements such as e-cloud instabilities growth rate, transverse beam size variation, tune shifts along the bunch train etc. with the electrodes switched on and off that clearly indicate the effectiveness of the electrodes for e-cloud suppression. C1 [Zobov, M.; Alesini, D.; Drago, A.; Gallo, A.; Guiducci, S.; Milardi, C.; Stella, A.] INFN LNF, Frascati, Italy. [De Santis, S.] LBNL, Berkeley, CA USA. [Demma, T.] LAL, Orsay, France. [Raimondi, P.] ESRF, Grenoble, France. RP Zobov, M (reprint author), INFN LNF, Frascati, Italy. FU European Commission under the FP7 project HiLumi LHC [284404]; DoE; USA; KEK, Japan; European Commission FP7 Program EuCARD [227579] FX We would like to thank A. Battisti, V. Lollo and R. Sorchetti for the technical support in the electrode design and installation and O. Coiro for his help in voltage generator installation. The research leading to these results has received partial funding from the European Commission under the FP7 project HiLumi LHC, GA no. 284404, co-funded by the DoE, USA and KEK, Japan and by the European Commission FP7 Program EuCARD, WP11.2, Grant Agreement 227579. NR 23 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU C E R N PI GENEVA PA MEYRIN, CH-1211 GENEVA, SWITZERLAND SN 0007-8328 BN 978-92-9083-386-4 J9 CERN REPORT PY 2013 BP 259 EP 265 PG 7 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BG8NM UT WOS:000392504600039 ER PT S AU Trocellier, P Serruys, Y Miro, S Bordas, E Martin, H Beck, L Pellegrino, S Chaabane, N Vaubaillon, S Meslin, E Barbu, A Brimbal, D Henry, J Robertson, C Decamps, B Fluss, M Tumey, S Hsiung, L Schaublin, R Panigrahi, BK AF Trocellier, P. Serruys, Y. Miro, S. Bordas, E. Martin, H. Beck, L. Pellegrino, S. Chaabane, N. Vaubaillon, S. Meslin, E. Barbu, A. Brimbal, D. Henry, J. Robertson, C. Decamps, B. Fluss, M. Tumey, S. Hsiung, L. Schaueblin, R. Panigrahi, B. K. BE Yamamoto, T TI Approach of He/dpa Synergistic Effects in Iron-Based Materials Using JANNUS SO EFFECTS OF RADIATION ON NUCLEAR MATERIALS: 25TH VOLUME SE American Society for Testing and Materials Special Technical Publications LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 25th Symposium on the Effects of Radiation on Nuclear Materials CY JUN 15-17, 2011 CL Anaheim, CA SP ASTM Int Comm E10 Nucl Technol & Applicat DE damage; Fe-Cr alloy; helium; ion; irradiation; microstructure; ODS steel; synergy ID CRITICAL CAVITY SIZES; ION BOMBARDED 304-SS; HELIUM; DAMAGE AB The JANNUS Saclay facility results from the coupling of three accelerators: a 3-MV Pelletron "Epimethee," a 2-MV Tandem "Japet," and a 2.5-MV Van de Graaff "Yvette." The Joint Accelerators for Nanosciences and Nuclear Simulation (JANNUS) Orsay facility is composed of a 200-kV TEM connected with two accelerators: a 2-MV Van de Graaff/tandem "Aramis" and a 190-kV ion implanter "Irma." In the first part of this paper, after a brief description of both facilities, the performances allowed in terms of suppress the irradiation configuration will be presented and discussed. Then, we will illustrate the experiments that have been yet carried out involving accumulation damage (dose per atom (dpa)) and simultaneous He or He and H ionbeam irradiation. These experiments mainly concern pure alpha-Fe, model Fe-Cr alloys and Fe-Cr oxide-dispersion-strengthened (ODS) alloys. Finally, we will conclude by showing the near-future prospects scheduled to study He (+H)/dpa synergistic effects on ODS alloys and advanced ceramics and composites. C1 [Trocellier, P.; Serruys, Y.; Miro, S.; Bordas, E.; Martin, H.; Beck, L.] CEA, DEN, Serv Rech Met Phys, Lab JANNUS, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Pellegrino, S.; Chaabane, N.; Vaubaillon, S.] CEA, INSTN, UEPTN, Lab JANNUS, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Meslin, E.; Barbu, A.] CEA, DEN, Serv Rech Met Phys, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Brimbal, D.; Henry, J.; Robertson, C.] CEA, DEN, Serv Rech Met Appl, CE Saclay, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Decamps, B.] Univ Paris 11, CNRS, IN2P3, CSNSM, F-91405 Orsay, France. [Fluss, M.; Tumey, S.; Hsiung, L.] LLNL, Phys & Life Sci Directorate, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. [Schaueblin, R.] CRPP EPFL, CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland. [Panigrahi, B. K.] IGCAR, Div Mat Sci, Kalpakkam, Tamil Nadu, India. RP Trocellier, P (reprint author), CEA, DEN, Serv Rech Met Phys, Lab JANNUS, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. RI Schaeublin, Robin/O-1426-2016 OI Schaeublin, Robin/0000-0002-8379-9705 NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU ASTM INTERNATIONAL PI WEST CONSHOHOCKEN PA 100 BARR HARBOR DRIVE, PO BOX C700, WEST CONSHOHOCKEN, PA 19428-2959 USA SN 0066-0558 BN 978-0-8031-7533-4 J9 AM SOC TEST MATER PY 2013 VL 1547 BP 111 EP 122 DI 10.1520/STP103947 PG 12 WC Materials Science, Characterization & Testing; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA BE3LX UT WOS:000370954000006 ER PT S AU Trocellier, P Serruys, Y Miro, S Bordas, E Martin, H Beck, L Pellegrino, S Chaabane, N Vaubaillon, S Meslin, E Barbu, A Brimbal, D Henry, J Decamps, B Fluss, M Tumey, S Hsiung, L AF Trocellier, P. Serruys, Y. Miro, S. Bordas, E. Martin, H. Beck, L. Pellegrino, S. Chaabane, N. Vaubaillon, S. Meslin, E. Barbu, A. Brimbal, D. Henry, J. Decamps, B. Fluss, M. Tumey, S. Hsiung, L. BE Yamamoto, T TI Use of MeV Ion Beams to Simulate the Irradiation Effects in Advanced Materials at JANNUS Saclay SO EFFECTS OF RADIATION ON NUCLEAR MATERIALS: 25TH VOLUME SE American Society for Testing and Materials Special Technical Publications LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 25th Symposium on the Effects of Radiation on Nuclear Materials CY JUN 15-17, 2011 CL Anaheim, CA SP ASTM Int Comm E10 Nucl Technol & Applicat DE accelerator; co-irradiation; damage; helium; ion; microstructure ID NUCLEAR-REACTION ANALYSIS; FERRITIC MODEL ALLOYS; NEUTRON-IRRADIATION; HELIUM MIGRATION; RADIATION-DAMAGE; AMORPHIZATION; VALIDATION; GROWTH; STEEL; ZR AB The JANNUS Saclay facility results from the coupling of three accelerators: a 3-MV Pelletron "Epimethee," a 2-MV Pelletron Tandem "Japet," and a HVE 2.5-MV Van de Graaff "Yvette." In the first part of this paper, the general layout of the facility will be described and its irradiation capabilities presented and discussed. Then, the rules established to give at JANNUS the status of open-access facility to perform irradiation experiments will be explained. Some examples of the irradiations carried out at JANNUS Saclay, for the last 2 years, to simulate the effects of irradiation in advanced materials by using MeV ion beams will be detailed in the third part of this paper. These experiments principally concern ferritic alloys, optical data storage (ODS) alloys, and semiconductors. To conclude, we will discuss the main instrumental and characterization developments that have been planned for the next five years. C1 [Trocellier, P.; Serruys, Y.; Miro, S.; Bordas, E.; Martin, H.; Beck, L.] CEA DEN Serv Rech Met Phys, Lab JANNUS, Saclay, France. [Pellegrino, S.; Chaabane, N.; Vaubaillon, S.] CEA INSTN UEPTN, Lab JANNUS, Saclay, France. [Meslin, E.; Barbu, A.] CEA Serv Rech Met Phys, Saclay, France. [Brimbal, D.; Henry, J.] CEA Serv Rech Met Phys, CE Saclay, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Decamps, B.] Univ Paris 11, CNRS IN2P3 CSNSM, F-91405 Orsay, France. [Fluss, M.; Tumey, S.; Hsiung, L.] LLNL, Phys & Life Sci Directorate, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Trocellier, P (reprint author), CEA DEN Serv Rech Met Phys, Lab JANNUS, Saclay, France. NR 33 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU ASTM INTERNATIONAL PI WEST CONSHOHOCKEN PA 100 BARR HARBOR DRIVE, PO BOX C700, WEST CONSHOHOCKEN, PA 19428-2959 USA SN 0066-0558 BN 978-0-8031-7533-4 J9 AM SOC TEST MATER PY 2013 VL 1547 BP 143 EP 157 DI 10.1520/STP103948 PG 15 WC Materials Science, Characterization & Testing; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA BE3LX UT WOS:000370954000008 ER PT S AU Beeler, B Deo, C Baskes, M Okuniewski, M AF Beeler, Benjamin Deo, Chaitanya Baskes, Michael Okuniewski, Maria BE Yamamoto, T TI Atomistic Investigations of Intrinsic and Extrinsic Point Defects in bcc Uranium SO EFFECTS OF RADIATION ON NUCLEAR MATERIALS: 25TH VOLUME SE American Society for Testing and Materials Special Technical Publications LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 25th Symposium on the Effects of Radiation on Nuclear Materials CY JUN 15-17, 2011 CL Anaheim, CA SP ASTM Int Comm E10 Nucl Technol & Applicat DE uranium; vacancy; fission gas; formation energies ID EMBEDDED-ATOM METHOD; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS SIMULATION; PHASE-TRANSFORMATIONS; METALS; FUELS; IMPURITIES; POTENTIALS; SILICON AB Metallic alloys of uranium show great potential as transmutation fuels that could be used to burn long-lived and high-heat-producing minor actinides and fission products in nuclear reactors. In fuels, fission and radiation damage result in the production of a large number of intrinsic point defects and extrinsic fission atoms. Radiation damage and diffusion (processes heavily dependent on point defects), as well as fission product behavior, are important to the understanding of the behavior of these metallic fuel alloys. Of the fission products, fission gases Xe, Kr, and the decay product He are of special importance, as they migrate and form bubbles detrimentally affecting fuel properties. In this work, several systems of body-centered-cubic (gamma) U are examined through a semi-empirical interatomic potential based on the modified embedded-atom method. The vacancy formation energy is analyzed as a function of pressure and is used to determine the stable vacancy formation energy at ambient conditions. The vacancy formation energy as a function of temperature is analyzed for high-temperature systems. Interatomic potentials are developed and implemented in the investigation of He, Xe, and Kr point defects in the gamma phase of uranium. For all fission gases studied, the most energetically favorable location is the substitutional position, with helium having the lowest formation energies of the species investigated. C1 [Beeler, Benjamin; Deo, Chaitanya] Georgia Inst Technol, George W Woodruff Sch Mech Engn, Nucl & Radiol Engn Program, 770 State St, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Baskes, Michael] Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Okuniewski, Maria] Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. RP Beeler, B (reprint author), Georgia Inst Technol, George W Woodruff Sch Mech Engn, Nucl & Radiol Engn Program, 770 State St, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. OI Beeler, Benjamin/0000-0003-1964-1177 NR 31 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU ASTM INTERNATIONAL PI WEST CONSHOHOCKEN PA 100 BARR HARBOR DRIVE, PO BOX C700, WEST CONSHOHOCKEN, PA 19428-2959 USA SN 0066-0558 BN 978-0-8031-7533-4 J9 AM SOC TEST MATER PY 2013 VL 1547 BP 231 EP 247 DI 10.1520/STP104141 PG 17 WC Materials Science, Characterization & Testing; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA BE3LX UT WOS:000370954000013 ER PT S AU Samolyuk, GD Golubov, SI Osetsky, YN Stoller, RE AF Samolyuk, G. D. Golubov, S. I. Osetsky, Y. N. Stoller, R. E. BE Yamamoto, T TI Impact of Vacancy-Type Defects on Thermal Conductivity of beta-SiC: Molecular Dynamics Versus an Analytical Approach SO EFFECTS OF RADIATION ON NUCLEAR MATERIALS: 25TH VOLUME SE American Society for Testing and Materials Special Technical Publications LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 25th Symposium on the Effects of Radiation on Nuclear Materials CY JUN 15-17, 2011 CL Anaheim, CA SP ASTM Int Comm E10 Nucl Technol & Applicat DE thermal conductivity; molecular dynamics; Green-Kubo method; silicon carbide ID SILICON-CARBIDE; NEUTRON-IRRADIATION; POINT-DEFECTS; TEMPERATURES; PSEUDOPOTENTIALS; SIMULATION; SCATTERING; TRANSPORT; SOLIDS AB A molecular dynamics technique has been used to study the impact of single vacancies and small vacancy clusters/microvoids on thermal conductivity of beta-SiC. It is found that single vacancies reduce thermal conductivity more significantly than do microvoids with the same total number of vacancies in the crystal. According to molecular dynamic result, the relative change of thermal resistivity linearly increases with vacancy concentration. This result is in contradiction with commonly used analytical approach prediction, where the dependence changes from linear at low concentrations to square root at higher values. The dependence on the volume fraction of microvoids switches from square root at small swelling values to nearly linear dependence at higher swelling. In the case of SiC, the molecular dynamic results obtained for vacancies and microvoids agree reasonably well with experimental values. The computational results are compared with the commonly used Debye-Callaway model. A possible way to modify the Debye-Callaway model is discussed. C1 [Samolyuk, G. D.; Golubov, S. I.; Osetsky, Y. N.; Stoller, R. E.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Samolyuk, GD (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 45 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 4 PU ASTM INTERNATIONAL PI WEST CONSHOHOCKEN PA 100 BARR HARBOR DRIVE, PO BOX C700, WEST CONSHOHOCKEN, PA 19428-2959 USA SN 0066-0558 BN 978-0-8031-7533-4 J9 AM SOC TEST MATER PY 2013 VL 1547 BP 248 EP 268 DI 10.1520/STP104254 PG 21 WC Materials Science, Characterization & Testing; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA BE3LX UT WOS:000370954000014 ER PT B AU Luo, YX Rasmussen, JO Hamilton, JH Ramayya, AV Frauendorf, S Hwang, JK Stone, NJ Zhu, SJ Brewer, NT Wang, E Lee, IY Ter-Akopian, GM Liu, SH Daniel, AV Oganessian, YT Stoyer, MA Donangelo, R Ma, WC Cole, JD Shi, Y Xu, FR AF Luo, Y. X. Rasmussen, J. O. Hamilton, J. H. Ramayya, A. V. Frauendorf, S. Hwang, J. K. Stone, N. J. Zhu, S. J. Brewer, N. T. Wang, E. Lee, I. Y. Ter-Akopian, G. M. Liu, S. H. Daniel, A. V. Oganessian, Yu Ts Stoyer, M. A. Donangelo, R. Ma, W. C. Cole, J. D. Shi, Yue Xu, F. R. BE Hamilton, JH Ramayya, AV TI NEW INSIGHTS INTO THE NUCLEAR STRUCTURE IN NEUTRON-RICH 112,114,115,116,117,118Pd SO FISSION AND PROPERTIES OF NEUTRON-RICH NUCLEI, ICFN5 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Conference on Fission and Properties of Neutron-Rich Nuclei CY NOV 04-10, 2012 CL FL SP Vanderbilt Univ, Joint Inst Heavy Ion Res, UNIRIB, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Excellence Radioact Ion Beam Studies Stewardship Sci ID SPONTANEOUS FISSION; WOBBLING MODE; STATES; EXCITATION; ARRAYS; PD AB By means of gamma-gamma-gamma and gamma-gamma(theta) measurements of prompt fission gamma rays from Cf-252 using the Gammasphere, weakly populated odd-parity doublet bands were identified and extended in Pd-112,Pd-114,Pd-116, and interpreted as disturbed chiral structure. Evolution from chiral symmetry breaking in Ru-110,Ru-112 with maximum triaxiality to disturbed chirality in Pd-112,Pd-114,Pd-116 is proposed. Based on the analysis of the signature splittings of the gamma bands in the even-N Pd isotopes, onset of wobbling excitations was identified in Pd-114, a N=68 isotone of the first even-even wobbler Ru-112. The extended level schemes of the Pd isotopes, mainly in Pd-114,Pd-115,Pd-118, and Total Routhian Surface (TRS) calculations allowed an interpretation for the systematics of the band-crossings in the Pd isotopes, revealing the driving effects of the (pi g(9/2))(2) and (nu h(11/2))(2) alignments and shape evolutions and coexistence in the Pd isotopes. Maximal triaxiality in Ru and Pd isotopes is reached for N=68, Ru-112 and Pd-114, 4 neutrons more than found in the theoretical calculations. C1 [Luo, Y. X.; Hamilton, J. H.; Ramayya, A. V.; Hwang, J. K.; Zhu, S. J.; Brewer, N. T.; Wang, E.; Liu, S. H.; Daniel, A. V.] Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Phys, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Labo, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Notre Dame, Dept Phys, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. Inst Strahlenphysik, Dresden, Germany. Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, Oxford OX1 2JD, England. Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Tsinghua Univ, Dept Phys, Beijing, Peoples R China. Oak Ridge Associated Univ, UNIRIB, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. Joint Inst Nuclear Res, Dubna, Russia. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Fac Ingn, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. Mississippi State Univ, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. Beijing Univ, Dept Phys, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China. RP Luo, YX (reprint author), Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Phys, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. EM yxluo@lbl.gov; jorasmussen@lbl.gov; j.h.hamilton@vanderbilt.edu; a.v.ramayya@vanderbilt.edu; sfrauend@nd.edu; jae-kwang.hwang@vanderbilt.edu; n.stone@physics.ox.ac.uk; zhushj@mail.tsinghua.edu.cn; brewer.nathant@gmail.com; enhong.wang@vanderbilt.edu; lius@ornl.gov; mawc@ra.msstate.edu; yueshi.pku@gmail.com RI Xu, Furong/K-4178-2013 FU U.S. DOE [DE-FG-05-88ER40407, DE-FG0295ER40934, DE-AC52-07NA27344, DE-FG02-95ER40939, DE-AC07-761O1570, W-7405-ENG48] FX The work at Vanderbilt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Mississippi State University and Idaho National Laboratory was supported by the U.S. DOE Grants DE-FG-05-88ER40407, DE-FG0295ER40934, DE-AC52-07NA27344, DE-FG02-95ER40939, DE-AC07-761O1570 and Contract W-7405-ENG48. NR 33 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA PO BOX 128 FARRER RD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE BN 978-981-4525-43-5; 978-981-4525-42-8 PY 2013 BP 49 EP 57 PG 9 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA BB7LA UT WOS:000345697700010 ER PT B AU Savard, G AF Savard, Guy BE Hamilton, JH Ramayya, AV TI RIB FROM SPONTANEOUS FISSION: THE CARIBU FACILITY SO FISSION AND PROPERTIES OF NEUTRON-RICH NUCLEI, ICFN5 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Conference on Fission and Properties of Neutron-Rich Nuclei CY NOV 04-10, 2012 CL FL SP Vanderbilt Univ, Joint Inst Heavy Ion Res, UNIRIB, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Excellence Radioact Ion Beam Studies Stewardship Sci C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Savard, G (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM savard@anl.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA PO BOX 128 FARRER RD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE BN 978-981-4525-43-5; 978-981-4525-42-8 PY 2013 BP 126 EP 126 PG 1 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA BB7LA UT WOS:000345697700020 ER PT B AU Chyzh, A Wu, CY Kwan, E Henderson, R Gostic, J Ullmann, J Couture, A Jandel, M Bredeweg, T O'Donnell, J Haight, R Lee, HY AF Chyzh, A. Wu, C. Y. Kwan, E. Henderson, R. Gostic, J. Ullmann, J. Couture, A. Jandel, M. Bredeweg, T. O'Donnell, J. Haight, R. Lee, H. Y. BE Hamilton, JH Ramayya, AV TI EVIDENCE FOR THE STOCHASTIC ASPECT OF PROMPT GAMMA EMISSION IN FISSION SO FISSION AND PROPERTIES OF NEUTRON-RICH NUCLEI, ICFN5 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Conference on Fission and Properties of Neutron-Rich Nuclei CY NOV 04-10, 2012 CL FL SP Vanderbilt Univ, Joint Inst Heavy Ion Res, UNIRIB, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Excellence Radioact Ion Beam Studies Stewardship Sci C1 [Chyzh, A.; Wu, C. Y.; Kwan, E.; Henderson, R.; Gostic, J.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Chyzh, A (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM chyzhl@llnl.gov; ullmann@lanl.gov; mjandel@lanl.gov; hylee@lanl.gov NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA PO BOX 128 FARRER RD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE BN 978-981-4525-43-5; 978-981-4525-42-8 PY 2013 BP 268 EP 268 PG 1 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA BB7LA UT WOS:000345697700043 ER PT B AU Roberto, JB Alexander, CW Boll, RA Dean, DJ Ezold, JG Felker, LK Rykaczewski, KP AF Roberto, J. B. Alexander, C. W. Boll, R. A. Dean, D. J. Ezold, J. G. Felker, L. K. Rykaczewski, K. P. BE Hamilton, JH Ramayya, AV TI ACTINIDE ISOTOPES FOR THE SYNTHESIS OF SUPERHEAVY NUCLEI SO FISSION AND PROPERTIES OF NEUTRON-RICH NUCLEI, ICFN5 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Conference on Fission and Properties of Neutron-Rich Nuclei CY NOV 04-10, 2012 CL FL SP Vanderbilt Univ, Joint Inst Heavy Ion Res, UNIRIB, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Excellence Radioact Ion Beam Studies Stewardship Sci AB Recent research resulting in the synthesis of isotopes of new elements 113-118 has demonstrated the importance of actinide targets in superheavy element research. Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) has unique facilities for the production and processing of actinide target materials, including the High Flux Isotope Reactor (HFIR) and the Radiochemical Engineering Development Center (REDC). These facilities have provided actinide target materials that have been used for the synthesis of all superheavy (SHE) elements above Copernicium (element 112). In this paper, the use of actinide targets for SHE research and discovery is described, including recent results for element 117 using Bk-249 target material from ORNL. ORNL actinide capabilities are reviewed, including production and separation/purification, availabilities of actinide materials, and future opportunities including novel target materials such as Cf-251. C1 [Roberto, J. B.; Alexander, C. W.; Boll, R. A.; Dean, D. J.; Ezold, J. G.; Felker, L. K.; Rykaczewski, K. P.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Roberto, JB (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM robertojb@ornl.gov; deandj@ornl.gov; ezoldjg1@ornl.gov; rykaczewskik@ornl.gov RI Boll, Rose/C-4138-2016 OI Boll, Rose/0000-0003-2507-4834 NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA PO BOX 128 FARRER RD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE BN 978-981-4525-43-5; 978-981-4525-42-8 PY 2013 BP 287 EP 294 PG 8 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA BB7LA UT WOS:000345697700047 ER PT B AU Rykaczewski, KP AF Rykaczewski, K. P. BE Hamilton, JH Ramayya, AV TI DECAY STUDIES OF U-238 FISSION PRODUCTS AT THE HRIBF SO FISSION AND PROPERTIES OF NEUTRON-RICH NUCLEI, ICFN5 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Conference on Fission and Properties of Neutron-Rich Nuclei CY NOV 04-10, 2012 CL FL SP Vanderbilt Univ, Joint Inst Heavy Ion Res, UNIRIB, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Excellence Radioact Ion Beam Studies Stewardship Sci C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. RP Rykaczewski, KP (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. EM rykaczewskik@ornl.gov NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA PO BOX 128 FARRER RD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE BN 978-981-4525-43-5; 978-981-4525-42-8 PY 2013 BP 322 EP 323 PG 2 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA BB7LA UT WOS:000345697700052 ER PT B AU Ullmann, JL AF Ullmann, J. L. BE Hamilton, JH Ramayya, AV TI RECENT RESEARCH WITH THE DETECTOR FOR ADVANCED NEUTRON CAPTURE EXPERIMENTS (DANCE) AT THE LOS ALAMOS NEUTRON SCIENCE CENTER SO FISSION AND PROPERTIES OF NEUTRON-RICH NUCLEI, ICFN5 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Conference on Fission and Properties of Neutron-Rich Nuclei CY NOV 04-10, 2012 CL FL SP Vanderbilt Univ, Joint Inst Heavy Ion Res, UNIRIB, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Excellence Radioact Ion Beam Studies Stewardship Sci AB The DANCE detector at Los Alamos is a 160 element, nearly 4 pi BaF2 detector array designed to make measurements of neutron capture on rare or radioactive nuclides. It has also been used to make measurements of gamma-ray multiplicity following capture and gamma-ray output from fission. Several examples of measurements are briefly discussed. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, LANSCE NS, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Ullmann, JL (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, LANSCE NS, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM ullmann@lanl.gov NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA PO BOX 128 FARRER RD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE BN 978-981-4525-43-5; 978-981-4525-42-8 PY 2013 BP 355 EP 360 PG 6 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA BB7LA UT WOS:000345697700059 ER PT B AU Tovesson, F Arnold, CW Bredeweg, T Jandel, M Laptev, AB Meierbachtol, K Sierk, A White, M Hecht, AA Mader, D Blakeley, R Greife, U Moore, B Shields, D Snyder, L AF Tovesson, F. Arnold, C. W. Bredeweg, T. Jandel, M. Laptev, A. B. Meierbachtol, K. Sierk, A. White, M. Hecht, A. A. Mader, D. Blakeley, R. Greife, U. Moore, B. Shields, D. Snyder, L. BE Hamilton, JH Ramayya, AV TI SPIDER: A NEW INSTRUMENT FOR FISSION YIELD MEASUREMENTS SO FISSION AND PROPERTIES OF NEUTRON-RICH NUCLEI, ICFN5 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Conference on Fission and Properties of Neutron-Rich Nuclei CY NOV 04-10, 2012 CL FL SP Vanderbilt Univ, Joint Inst Heavy Ion Res, UNIRIB, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Excellence Radioact Ion Beam Studies Stewardship Sci AB A fission fragment spectrometer based on the 2E-2v method is being developed to study fission yields. The goal is to measure the mass, charge and kinetic energy of fission fragments as a function of incident neutron energies for multiple isotopes. This work supports ongoing efforts to improve the theoretical description of the fission process, and provide data for nuclear applications. First performance test of the detector components indicate that a mass resolution on about one amu is attainable using this method. C1 [Tovesson, F.; Arnold, C. W.; Bredeweg, T.; Jandel, M.; Laptev, A. B.; Meierbachtol, K.; Sierk, A.; White, M.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Tovesson, F (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM tovesson@lanl.gov; arnold@lanl.gov; mjandel@lanl.gov; alaptev@lanl.gov; meierbachtol@lanl.gov RI Laptev, Alexander/D-4686-2009 OI Laptev, Alexander/0000-0002-9759-9907 NR 6 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA PO BOX 128 FARRER RD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE BN 978-981-4525-43-5; 978-981-4525-42-8 PY 2013 BP 361 EP 368 PG 8 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA BB7LA UT WOS:000345697700060 ER PT B AU Shi, Y Dobaczewski, J Greenlees, PT Toivanen, J Toivanen, P AF Shi, Yue Dobaczewski, J. Greenlees, P. T. Toivanen, J. Toivanen, P. BE Hamilton, JH Ramayya, AV TI DEFORMATIONS AND QUASIPARTICLE SPECTRA OF NUCLEI IN THE NOBELIUM REGION SO FISSION AND PROPERTIES OF NEUTRON-RICH NUCLEI, ICFN5 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Conference on Fission and Properties of Neutron-Rich Nuclei CY NOV 04-10, 2012 CL FL SP Vanderbilt Univ, Joint Inst Heavy Ion Res, UNIRIB, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Excellence Radioact Ion Beam Studies Stewardship Sci DE Self-consistent mean-field calculations; self-consistent deformations; quasiparticle energies ID MEAN-FIELD; ISOTOPES AB We have performed self-consistent Skyrme Hartree-Fock-Bogolyubov calculations for nuclei close to No-254. Self-consistent deformations, including beta(2,4,6,8) as functions of the rotational frequency, were determined for even-even nuclei Fm-246,Fm-248,Fm-250, No-252,No-254, and (256)Rf. The quasiparticle spectra for N = 151 isotones and Z = 99 isotopes were calculated and compared with experimental data and the results of Woods-Saxon calculations. We found that our calculations give high-order deformations similar to those obtained for the Woods-Saxon potential, and that the experimental quasiparticle energies are reasonably well reproduced. C1 [Shi, Yue] Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Shi, Yue] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Shi, Yue; Dobaczewski, J.; Greenlees, P. T.; Toivanen, J.; Toivanen, P.] Univ Jyvaskyla, Dept Phys, FI-40014 Jyvaskyla, Finland. [Dobaczewski, J.] Univ Warsaw, Inst Theoret Phys, Fac Phys, PL-00681 Warsaw, Poland. RP Shi, Y (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM yueshi.pku@gmail.com; Jacek.Dobaczewski@fuw.edu.pl FU Academy of Finland and University of Jyvaskyla; European Research Council through the SHESTRUCT [203481]; Office of Nuclear Physics, U.S. Department of Energy [DE-FG02-96ER40963] FX this work was supported by the Academy of Finland and University of Jyvaskyla within the FIDIPRO programme, the Center of Excellence Programme 20122017 (Nuclear and Accelerator Based Physics Programme at JYFL), the European Research Council through the SHESTRUCT project (grant agreement number 203481), and by the Office of Nuclear Physics, U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-FG02-96ER40963. We acknowledge the CSC - IT Center for Science Ltd, Finland, for the allocation of computational resources. NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA PO BOX 128 FARRER RD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE BN 978-981-4525-43-5; 978-981-4525-42-8 PY 2013 BP 381 EP 386 PG 6 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA BB7LA UT WOS:000345697700062 ER PT B AU Hagen, G Papenbrock, T Hjorth-Jensen, M Jansen, G Machleidt, R AF Hagen, G. Papenbrock, T. Hjorth-Jensen, M. Jansen, G. Machleidt, R. BE Hamilton, JH Ramayya, AV TI LIVING AT THE EDGE OF STABILITY: THE ROLE OF CONTINUUM AND THREE-NUCLEON FORCES SO FISSION AND PROPERTIES OF NEUTRON-RICH NUCLEI, ICFN5 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Conference on Fission and Properties of Neutron-Rich Nuclei CY NOV 04-10, 2012 CL FL SP Vanderbilt Univ, Joint Inst Heavy Ion Res, UNIRIB, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Excellence Radioact Ion Beam Studies Stewardship Sci C1 [Hagen, G.; Papenbrock, T.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Hjorth-Jensen, M.; Jansen, G.] Univ Oslo, Ctr Math Appl, Dept Phys, N-0316 Oslo, Norway. [Machleidt, R.] Univ Idaho, Dept Phys, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. RP Hagen, G (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM hageng@ornl.gov NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA PO BOX 128 FARRER RD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE BN 978-981-4525-43-5; 978-981-4525-42-8 PY 2013 BP 400 EP 400 PG 1 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA BB7LA UT WOS:000345697700065 ER PT B AU Jandel, M Bredeweg, TA Bond, EM Chadwick, MB Couture, A O'Donnell, JM Fowler, MM Haight, RC Hayes-Sterbenz, AC Rundberg, RS Rusev, GY Ullmann, JL Vieira, DJ Wilhelmy, JB Wu, CY Becker, JA Alexander, CW Belier, G AF Jandel, M. Bredeweg, T. A. Bond, E. M. Chadwick, M. B. Couture, A. O'Donnell, J. M. Fowler, M. M. Haight, R. C. Hayes-Sterbenz, A. C. Rundberg, R. S. Rusev, G. Y. Ullmann, J. L. Vieira, D. J. Wilhelmy, J. B. Wu, C. Y. Becker, J. A. Alexander, C. W. Belier, G. BE Hamilton, JH Ramayya, AV TI NEUTRON-INDUCED FISSION MEASUREMENTS AT THE DANCE AND LSDS FACILITIES AT LANL SO FISSION AND PROPERTIES OF NEUTRON-RICH NUCLEI, ICFN5 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Conference on Fission and Properties of Neutron-Rich Nuclei CY NOV 04-10, 2012 CL FL SP Vanderbilt Univ, Joint Inst Heavy Ion Res, UNIRIB, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Excellence Radioact Ion Beam Studies Stewardship Sci DE neutron-induced fission; neutron capture; prompt fission gamma-rays; capture gamma-rays; U-233; U-235; U-237 and Pu-239 ID PROMPT GAMMA-RAYS AB New results from neutron-induced fission measurements performed at the Detector for Advanced Neutron Capture Experiments (DANCE) and Lead Slowing Down Spectrometer (LSDS) are presented. New correlated data on prompt-fission gamma-ray (PFG) distributions were measured using the DANCE array for resonant neutron-induced fission of U-233, U-235 and Pu-239. The deduced properties of PFG emission are presented using a simple parametrization. An accurate knowledge of fission gamma-ray spectra enables us to analyze the isomeric states of U-236 created after neutron capture on U-235. We briefly discuss these new results. Finally, we review details and preliminary results of the challenging U-237(n, f) cross section measurement at the LSDS facility. C1 [Jandel, M.; Bredeweg, T. A.; Bond, E. M.; Chadwick, M. B.; Couture, A.; O'Donnell, J. M.; Fowler, M. M.; Haight, R. C.; Hayes-Sterbenz, A. C.; Rundberg, R. S.; Rusev, G. Y.; Ullmann, J. L.; Vieira, D. J.; Wilhelmy, J. B.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Wu, C. Y.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 5508, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Alexander, C. W.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. [Belier, G.] CEA, DAM, Bruyeres Le Chatel, France. RP Jandel, M (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM mjandel@lanl.gov; ullmann@lanl.gov NR 14 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA PO BOX 128 FARRER RD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE BN 978-981-4525-43-5; 978-981-4525-42-8 PY 2013 BP 416 EP 423 PG 8 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA BB7LA UT WOS:000345697700068 ER PT B AU Laptev, AB Tovesson, F Hill, TS AF Laptev, A. B. Tovesson, F. Hill, T. S. BE Hamilton, JH Ramayya, AV TI LANL NEUTRON-INDUCED FISSION CROSS SECTION MEASUREMENT PROGRAM SO FISSION AND PROPERTIES OF NEUTRON-RICH NUCLEI, ICFN5 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Conference on Fission and Properties of Neutron-Rich Nuclei CY NOV 04-10, 2012 CL FL SP Vanderbilt Univ, Joint Inst Heavy Ion Res, UNIRIB, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Excellence Radioact Ion Beam Studies Stewardship Sci ID NUCLEAR-DATA; SCIENCE AB A well established program of neutron-induced fission cross section measurement at Los Alamos Neutron Science Center (LANSCE) is supporting the Fuel Cycle Research program (FC R&D). Combining measurements at two LANSCE facilities, the Lujan Center and the Weapons Neutron Research facility (WNR), cover neutron energies over 10 orders of magnitude: from sub-thermal up to 200 MeV. A parallel-plate fission ionization chamber was used as a fission fragment detector. The (235)U(()n,f) standard was used as the reference. Fission cross sections have been measured for multiple actinides. The new data presented here completes the suite of long-lived Uranium isotopes that were investigated with this experimental approach. The cross section data are presented in comparison with existing evaluations and previous measurements. C1 [Laptev, A. B.; Tovesson, F.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Hill, T. S.] Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. RP Laptev, AB (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM alaptev@lanl.gov; tovesson@lanl.gov RI Laptev, Alexander/D-4686-2009 OI Laptev, Alexander/0000-0002-9759-9907 NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA PO BOX 128 FARRER RD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE BN 978-981-4525-43-5; 978-981-4525-42-8 PY 2013 BP 424 EP 429 PG 6 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA BB7LA UT WOS:000345697700069 ER PT B AU Lee, HY Haight, RC Bredeweg, TA Devlin, M Fotiades, N Jandel, M Laptev, A Nelson, RO O'Donnell, JM Perdue, BA Taddeucci, TN Ullmann, JL Wender, SA White, MC Wu, CY Chyzh, A Henderson, RA Kwan, E AF Lee, H. Y. Haight, R. C. Bredeweg, T. A. Devlin, M. Fotiades, N. Jandel, M. Laptev, A. Nelson, R. O. O'Donnell, J. M. Perdue, B. A. Taddeucci, T. N. Ullmann, J. L. Wender, S. A. White, M. C. Wu, C. Y. Chyzh, A. Henderson, R. A. Kwan, E. BE Hamilton, JH Ramayya, AV TI PROMPT FISSION NEUTRON SPECTRUM STUDY AT LANSCE : CHI-NU PROJECT SO FISSION AND PROPERTIES OF NEUTRON-RICH NUCLEI, ICFN5 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Conference on Fission and Properties of Neutron-Rich Nuclei CY NOV 04-10, 2012 CL FL SP Vanderbilt Univ, Joint Inst Heavy Ion Res, UNIRIB, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Excellence Radioact Ion Beam Studies Stewardship Sci DE Prompt Fission Neutron Spectrum; Los Alamos Model; Li-6-glass scintillator; Liquid Scintillator; Parallel Plate Avalanche Counter; MCNP-PoliMi ID ENERGY-SPECTRA; CF-252 AB In order to investigate the discrepancy in the available sets of data on Pu-239, Chi-Nu is a program to measure prompt-fission-neutron spectra at the Los Alamos Neutron Science Center (LANSCE). To meet the required accuracy based on the compilations among different theoretical models and sets of data, two different types of neutron detectors, liquid scintillators and Li-6-glass scintillators, are used in conjunction to the actinide Parallel Plate Avalanche Counter by measuring a time of flight. Monte Carlo simulations are used to study detector responses. In this manuscript, we discuss the status of the Chi-Nu project including the commissioning in 2012 summer. C1 [Lee, H. Y.; Haight, R. C.; Bredeweg, T. A.; Devlin, M.; Fotiades, N.; Jandel, M.; Laptev, A.; Nelson, R. O.; O'Donnell, J. M.; Perdue, B. A.; Taddeucci, T. N.; Ullmann, J. L.; Wender, S. A.; White, M. C.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Wu, C. Y.; Chyzh, A.; Henderson, R. A.; Kwan, E.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Lee, HY (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM hylee@lanl.gov; mjandel@lanl.gov; alaptev@lanl.gov; ullmann@lanl.gov; chyzhl@llnl.gov; kwan12@llnl.gov RI Laptev, Alexander/D-4686-2009; Devlin, Matthew/B-5089-2013 OI Laptev, Alexander/0000-0002-9759-9907; Devlin, Matthew/0000-0002-6948-2154 NR 22 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA PO BOX 128 FARRER RD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE BN 978-981-4525-43-5; 978-981-4525-42-8 PY 2013 BP 430 EP 436 PG 7 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA BB7LA UT WOS:000345697700070 ER PT B AU Mosby, S Arnold, C Bredeweg, TA Couture, A Jandel, M O'Donnell, JM Rusev, G Ullmann, JL Chyzh, A Henderson, R Kwan, E Wu, CY AF Mosby, S. Arnold, C. Bredeweg, T. A. Couture, A. Jandel, M. O'Donnell, J. M. Rusev, G. Ullmann, J. L. Chyzh, A. Henderson, R. Kwan, E. Wu, C. Y. BE Hamilton, JH Ramayya, AV TI NEUTRON CAPTURE CROSS SECTION OF Pu-239 SO FISSION AND PROPERTIES OF NEUTRON-RICH NUCLEI, ICFN5 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Conference on Fission and Properties of Neutron-Rich Nuclei CY NOV 04-10, 2012 CL FL SP Vanderbilt Univ, Joint Inst Heavy Ion Res, UNIRIB, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Excellence Radioact Ion Beam Studies Stewardship Sci ID DETECTOR; DANCE AB The Pu-239(n,gamma) cross section has been measured over the energy range 10 eV - 10 keV using the Detector for Advanced Neutron Capture Experiments (DANCE) as part of a campaign to produce precision (n, gamma) measurements on 239Pu in the keV region. Fission coincidences were measured with a PPAC and used to characterize the prompt fission gamma-ray spectrum in this region. The resulting spectra will be used to better characterize the fission component of another experiment with a thicker target to extend the (n, gamma) cross section measurement well into the keV region. C1 [Mosby, S.; Arnold, C.; Bredeweg, T. A.; Couture, A.; Jandel, M.; O'Donnell, J. M.; Rusev, G.; Ullmann, J. L.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Mosby, S (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM smosby@lanl.gov; arnold@lanl.gov; mjandel@lanl.gov; ullmann@lanl.gov; chyzhl@llnl.gov; kwan12@llnl.gov NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA PO BOX 128 FARRER RD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE BN 978-981-4525-43-5; 978-981-4525-42-8 PY 2013 BP 437 EP 442 PG 6 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA BB7LA UT WOS:000345697700071 ER PT B AU Arnold, CW Bond, EM Bredeweg, TA Fowler, MM Moody, WA Rusev, G Vieira, DJ Wilhelmy, JB Becker, JA Henderson, R Kenneally, J Macri, R McNabb, D Ryan, C Sheets, S Stoyer, MA Tonchev, AP Bhatia, C Bhike, M Fallin, B Gooden, ME Howell, CR Kelley, JH Tornow, W AF Arnold, C. W. Bond, E. M. Bredeweg, T. A. Fowler, M. M. Moody, W. A. Rusev, G. Vieira, D. J. Wilhelmy, J. B. Becker, J. A. Henderson, R. Kenneally, J. Macri, R. McNabb, D. Ryan, C. Sheets, S. Stoyer, M. A. Tonchev, A. P. Bhatia, C. Bhike, M. Fallin, B. Gooden, M. E. Howell, C. R. Kelley, J. H. Tornow, W. BE Hamilton, JH Ramayya, AV TI MEASUREMENT OF FISSION PRODUCT YIELDS FROM FAST-NEUTRON-INDUCED FISSION SO FISSION AND PROPERTIES OF NEUTRON-RICH NUCLEI, ICFN5 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Conference on Fission and Properties of Neutron-Rich Nuclei CY NOV 04-10, 2012 CL FL SP Vanderbilt Univ, Joint Inst Heavy Ion Res, UNIRIB, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Excellence Radioact Ion Beam Studies Stewardship Sci ID PU-239; U-238 AB One of the aims of the Stockpile Stewardship Program is a reduction of the uncertainties on fission data used for analyzing nuclear test data [1,2]. Fission products such as Nd-147 are convenient for determining fission yields because of their relatively high yield per fission (about 2%) and long half-life (10.98 days). A scientific program for measuring fission product yields from U-235, U-238 and Pu-239 targets as a function of bombarding neutron energy (0.1 to 15 MeV) is currently underway using monoenergetic neutron beams produced at the 10 MV Tandem Accelerator at TUNL. Dual-fission chambers are used to determine the rate of fission in targets during activation. Activated targets are counted in highly shielded HPGe detectors over a period of several weeks to identify decaying fission products. To date, data have been collected at neutron bombarding energies 4.6, 9.0, 14.5 and 14.8 MeV. Experimental methods and data reduction techniques are discussed, and some preliminary results are presented. C1 [Arnold, C. W.; Bond, E. M.; Bredeweg, T. A.; Fowler, M. M.; Moody, W. A.; Rusev, G.; Vieira, D. J.; Wilhelmy, J. B.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, C NR, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Arnold, CW (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, C NR, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM arnold@lanl.gov NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA PO BOX 128 FARRER RD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE BN 978-981-4525-43-5; 978-981-4525-42-8 PY 2013 BP 443 EP 448 PG 6 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA BB7LA UT WOS:000345697700072 ER PT B AU Padgett, S Madurga, M Grzywacz, R Darby, IG Liddick, SN Paulauskas, SV Cartegni, L Bingham, CR Rajabali, MM Gross, CJ Rykaczewski, K Shapira, D Stracener, DW Mendez, AJ Winger, JA Ilyushkin, SV Korgul, A Mazzocchi, C Krolas, W Liu, S Hamilton, JH Zganjar, E Batchelder, JC AF Padgett, S. Madurga, M. Grzywacz, R. Darby, I. G. Liddick, S. N. Paulauskas, S. V. Cartegni, L. Bingham, C. R. Rajabali, M. M. Gross, C. J. Rykaczewski, K. Shapira, D. Stracener, D. W. Mendez, A. J., II Winger, J. A. Ilyushkin, S. V. Korgul, A. Mazzocchi, C. Krolas, W. Liu, S. Hamilton, J. H. Zganjar, E. Batchelder, J. C. BE Hamilton, JH Ramayya, AV TI THE beta DECAY OF Zn-81 AND NUCLEAR STRUCTURE AROUND THE N=50 SHELL CLOSURE SO FISSION AND PROPERTIES OF NEUTRON-RICH NUCLEI, ICFN5 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Conference on Fission and Properties of Neutron-Rich Nuclei CY NOV 04-10, 2012 CL FL SP Vanderbilt Univ, Joint Inst Heavy Ion Res, UNIRIB, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Excellence Radioact Ion Beam Studies Stewardship Sci AB The beta-decay of the N=51 nucleus Zn-81 was studied by means of beta - gamma spectroscopy and from isotopically pure beams produced at the HRIBF. We observe several competing beta transitions populating Ga-81 which are interpreted as allowed Gamow-Teller decays to positive parity, core excited states and first-forbidden decays to negative parity states. The measured beta-decay pattern suggests an assignment of I-pi=5/2(+) for the Zn-81 ground state. C1 [Padgett, S.; Madurga, M.; Grzywacz, R.; Darby, I. G.; Liddick, S. N.; Paulauskas, S. V.; Cartegni, L.; Bingham, C. R.; Rajabali, M. M.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Gross, C. J.; Rykaczewski, K.; Shapira, D.; Stracener, D. W.; Mendez, A. J., II] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. [Mendez, A. J., II; Winger, J. A.; Ilyushkin, S. V.] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Korgul, A.; Mazzocchi, C.] Univ Warsaw, Fac Phys, PL-00681 Warsaw, Poland. [Krolas, W.] Polish Acad Sci, Inst Nucl Phys, PL-31342 Krakow, Poland. [Liu, S.; Hamilton, J. H.] Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. [Zganjar, E.] Louisiana State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Batchelder, J. C.] Oak Ridge Associated Univ, UNIRIB, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Padgett, S (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM padgett4@llnl.gov; mmadurga@utk.edu; rgrzywac@utk.edu; spaulaus@utk.edu; cbingham@utk.edu; rykaczewskik@ornl.gov; j.a.winger@msstate.edu; silyushk@mines.edu; korgul@fuw.edu.pl; chiara.mazzocchi@fuw.edu.pl; lius@ornl.gov; j.h.hamilton@vanderbilt.edu; zganjar@lsu.edu NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA PO BOX 128 FARRER RD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE BN 978-981-4525-43-5; 978-981-4525-42-8 PY 2013 BP 466 EP 470 PG 5 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA BB7LA UT WOS:000345697700077 ER PT B AU Peters, WA Grzywacz, R Madurga, M Paulauskas, SV Miller, D Al-Shudifaft, M Cartegni, L Gross, CJ Bardayan, DW Mendez, AJ Miernik, K Rykaczewski, K Schmitt, KT Batchelder, JC Wolinska-Cichocka, M Cizewski, JA Howard, ME Manning, B Ratkiewicz, A Ilyushkin, S Sarazin, F Blackmon, JC Matos, M Rasco, C AF Peters, W. A. Grzywacz, R. Madurga, M. Paulauskas, S. V. Miller, D. Al-Shudifaft, M. Cartegni, L. Gross, C. J. Bardayan, D. W. Mendez, A. J. Miernik, K. Rykaczewski, K. Schmitt, K. T. Batchelder, J. C. Wolinska-Cichocka, M. Cizewski, J. A. Howard, M. E. Manning, B. Ratkiewicz, A. Ilyushkin, S. Sarazin, F. Blackmon, J. C. Matos, M. Rasco, C. BE Hamilton, JH Ramayya, AV TI PERFORMANCE OF VANDLE MEASURING BETA-DELAYED NEUTRON SPECTRA OF FISSION FRAGMENTS SO FISSION AND PROPERTIES OF NEUTRON-RICH NUCLEI, ICFN5 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Conference on Fission and Properties of Neutron-Rich Nuclei CY NOV 04-10, 2012 CL FL SP Vanderbilt Univ, Joint Inst Heavy Ion Res, UNIRIB, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Excellence Radioact Ion Beam Studies Stewardship Sci C1 [Peters, W. A.; Batchelder, J. C.; Wolinska-Cichocka, M.] Oak Ridge Associated Univ, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. RP Peters, WA (reprint author), Oak Ridge Associated Univ, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. EM wapeters@nuclearemail.org; rgrzywac@utk.edu; mmadurga@utk.edu; spaulaus@utk.edu; malshudi@utk.edu; rykaczewskik@ornl.gov; batchelderjc@ornl.gov; cizewski@physics.rutgers.edu; meredith.howard@nuclearemail.org; brettman@physics.rutgers.edu; a.ratkiewicz@nuclearemail.org; silyushk@mines.edu; matos@utk.edu RI Miller, David/B-5372-2012 OI Miller, David/0000-0002-0426-974X NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA PO BOX 128 FARRER RD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE BN 978-981-4525-43-5; 978-981-4525-42-8 PY 2013 BP 472 EP 472 PG 1 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA BB7LA UT WOS:000345697700079 ER PT B AU Batchelder, JC Liu, SH Brewer, NT Hamilton, JH Ramayya, AV Gross, CJ Karny, M Kuzniak, A Mendez, AJ Mierrnik, K Rykaczewski, KP Stracener, DW Wolinska-Cichocka, M Grzywacz, R Madurga, MF Miller, D Padgett, SW Paulauskas, SV Zganjar, EF Korgul, A AF Batchelder, J. C. Liu, S. -H. Brewer, N. T. Hamilton, J. H. Ramayya, A. V. Gross, C. J. Karny, M. Kuzniak, A. Mendez, A. J. Mierrnik, K. Rykaczewski, K. P. Stracener, D. W. Wolinska-Cichocka, M. Grzywacz, R. Madurga, M. F. Miller, D. Padgett, S. W. Paulauskas, S. V. Zganjar, E. F. Korgul, A. BE Hamilton, JH Ramayya, AV TI LOW ENERGY COLLECTIVE STATES IN NEUTRON-RICH CD ISOTOPES SO FISSION AND PROPERTIES OF NEUTRON-RICH NUCLEI, ICFN5 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Conference on Fission and Properties of Neutron-Rich Nuclei CY NOV 04-10, 2012 CL FL SP Vanderbilt Univ, Joint Inst Heavy Ion Res, UNIRIB, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Excellence Radioact Ion Beam Studies Stewardship Sci ID SPECTROSCOPY; NUCLEUS; DECAY AB It has been shown that there are significant deviations from the expected U(5) dynamical symmetry for Cd-110,Cd-112,Cd-114,Cd-116. However, there is very significant mixing with intruder states in this region. In this paper, we investigated states in the heavier Cd-120,Cd-124,Cd-126 populated via beta decay. These nuclei exhibit similar patterns to the lighter Cd isotopes even though the intruder states are much higher in energy. C1 [Batchelder, J. C.; Liu, S. -H.] Oak Ridge Associated Univ, UNIRIB, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Batchelder, JC (reprint author), Oak Ridge Associated Univ, UNIRIB, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM batchelderjc@ornl.gov; lius@ornl.gov; brewer.nathant@gmail.com; j.h.hamilton@vanderbilt.edu; a.v.ramayya@vanderbilt.edu; karny@fuw.edu.pl; rykaczewskik@ornl.gov; rgrzywac@utk.edu; mmadurga@utk.edu; padgett4@llnl.gov; spaulaus@utk.edu; zganjar@lsu.edu; korgul@fuw.edu.pl NR 24 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA PO BOX 128 FARRER RD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE BN 978-981-4525-43-5; 978-981-4525-42-8 PY 2013 BP 480 EP 485 PG 6 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA BB7LA UT WOS:000345697700082 ER PT B AU Dean, DJ AF Dean, D. J. BE Hamilton, JH Ramayya, AV TI FROM PHYSICS TO ENERGY TO POLICY SO FISSION AND PROPERTIES OF NEUTRON-RICH NUCLEI, ICFN5 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Conference on Fission and Properties of Neutron-Rich Nuclei CY NOV 04-10, 2012 CL FL SP Vanderbilt Univ, Joint Inst Heavy Ion Res, UNIRIB, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Excellence Radioact Ion Beam Studies Stewardship Sci C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Dean, DJ (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM deandj@ornl.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA PO BOX 128 FARRER RD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE BN 978-981-4525-43-5; 978-981-4525-42-8 PY 2013 BP 525 EP 525 PG 1 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA BB7LA UT WOS:000345697700089 ER PT B AU Yee, RM Scielzo, ND Bertone, PF Buchinger, F Caldwell, S Clark, JA Deibel, CM Fallis, J Greene, JP Gulick, S Lascar, D Levand, AF Li, G Norman, EB Pedretti, M Savard, G Segel, RE Sharma, KS Sternberg, MG Van Schelt, J Zabransky, BJ AF Yee, R. M. Scielzo, N. D. Bertone, P. F. Buchinger, F. Caldwell, S. Clark, J. A. Deibel, C. M. Fallis, J. Greene, J. P. Gulick, S. Lascar, D. Levand, A. F. Li, G. Norman, E. B. Pedretti, M. Savard, G. Segel, R. E. Sharma, K. S. Sternberg, M. G. Van Schelt, J. Zabransky, B. J. BE Hamilton, JH Ramayya, AV TI BETA-DELAYED NEUTRON SPECTROSCOPY USING TRAPPED IONS SO FISSION AND PROPERTIES OF NEUTRON-RICH NUCLEI, ICFN5 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Conference on Fission and Properties of Neutron-Rich Nuclei CY NOV 04-10, 2012 CL FL SP Vanderbilt Univ, Joint Inst Heavy Ion Res, UNIRIB, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Excellence Radioact Ion Beam Studies Stewardship Sci C1 [Yee, R. M.; Scielzo, N. D.; Pedretti, M.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Phys & Life Sci Directorate, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Yee, RM (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Phys & Life Sci Directorate, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM savard@anl.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA PO BOX 128 FARRER RD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE BN 978-981-4525-43-5; 978-981-4525-42-8 PY 2013 BP 563 EP 563 PG 1 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA BB7LA UT WOS:000345697700097 ER PT B AU Talou, P Kawano, T Stetcu, I AF Talou, P. Kawano, T. Stetcu, I. BE Hamilton, JH Ramayya, AV TI MONTE CARLO HAUSER-FESHBACH CALCULATIONS OF PROMPT FISSION NEUTRONS AND GAMMA RAYS SO FISSION AND PROPERTIES OF NEUTRON-RICH NUCLEI, ICFN5 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Conference on Fission and Properties of Neutron-Rich Nuclei CY NOV 04-10, 2012 CL FL SP Vanderbilt Univ, Joint Inst Heavy Ion Res, UNIRIB, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Excellence Radioact Ion Beam Studies Stewardship Sci DE Prompt fission neutrons and gamma rays; Monte Carlo Hauser-Feshbach ID NUCLEAR-REACTIONS; CODE SYSTEM; MODEL; SPECTRA; CF-252 AB The Hauser-Feshbach statistical theory of nuclear reactions is used to describe the de-excitation of primary fission fragments through the evaporation of prompt neutrons and. rays gamma Monte Carlo simulations provide detailed characteristics of this decay, including distributions and correlations of the evaporated particles. We performed such calculations for three major reactions: n(th)+U-235, n(th)+Pu-239, and Cf-252 (sf). Assumptions regarding the initial distributions of excitation energy and angular momentum in the fission fragments are discussed in view of experimental data on the evaporated neutrons and gamma rays. C1 [Talou, P.; Kawano, T.; Stetcu, I.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Nucl Phys Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Talou, P (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Nucl Phys Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM talou@lanl.gov NR 22 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA PO BOX 128 FARRER RD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE BN 978-981-4525-43-5; 978-981-4525-42-8 PY 2013 BP 581 EP 588 PG 8 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA BB7LA UT WOS:000345697700101 ER PT B AU Vogt, R Randrup, J AF Vogt, R. Randrup, J. BE Hamilton, JH Ramayya, AV TI EVENT-BY-EVENT MODELING OF PROMPT NEUTRONS AND PHOTONS FROM NEUTRON-INDUCED AND SPONTANEOUS FISSION WITH FREYA SO FISSION AND PROPERTIES OF NEUTRON-RICH NUCLEI, ICFN5 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Conference on Fission and Properties of Neutron-Rich Nuclei CY NOV 04-10, 2012 CL FL SP Vanderbilt Univ, Joint Inst Heavy Ion Res, UNIRIB, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Excellence Radioact Ion Beam Studies Stewardship Sci DE fission; prompt neutron emission; prompt photon emission ID FRAGMENTS; CF-252; MULTIPLICITY; EMISSION; ENERGY AB The fast event-by-event fission code FREYA generates large samples of complete fission events. Using FREYA, it is possible to obtain the fission products as well as the prompt neutrons and photons emitted during the fission process, all with complete kinematic information. We can therefore extract any desired correlation observables. Concentrating on Pu-239(n,f), Pu-240(sf) and Cf-252(sf), we compare our FREYA results with available data on prompt neutron and photon emission and present predictions for novel fission observables. C1 [Vogt, R.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Div Phys, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Vogt, R (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Div Phys, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM vogt2@llnl.gov; jrandrup@lbl.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under [DE-AC52-07NA27344]; U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory under [DE-AC02-05CH 11231] FX The work of R.V. was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. The work of J.R. was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC02-05CH 11231 NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA PO BOX 128 FARRER RD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE BN 978-981-4525-43-5; 978-981-4525-42-8 PY 2013 BP 589 EP 596 PG 8 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA BB7LA UT WOS:000345697700102 ER PT B AU McDonnell, J Schunck, N Nazarewicz, W AF McDonnell, J. Schunck, N. Nazarewicz, W. BE Hamilton, JH Ramayya, AV TI MICROSCOPIC DESCRIPTION OF NUCLEAR FISSION: FISSION BARRIER HEIGHTS OF EVEN-EVEN ACTINIDES SO FISSION AND PROPERTIES OF NEUTRON-RICH NUCLEI, ICFN5 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Conference on Fission and Properties of Neutron-Rich Nuclei CY NOV 04-10, 2012 CL FL SP Vanderbilt Univ, Joint Inst Heavy Ion Res, UNIRIB, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Excellence Radioact Ion Beam Studies Stewardship Sci DE Nuclear Theory; Fission Barriers; Density Functional Theory; High-Performance Computing ID FORCE AB We evaluate the performance of modern nuclear energy density functionals for predicting inner and outer fission barrier heights and energies of fission isomers of even-even actinides. For isomer energies and outer barrier heights, we find that the self-consistent theory at the HFB level is capable of providing quantitative agreement with empirical data. C1 [McDonnell, J.; Schunck, N.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Div Phys, 7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP McDonnell, J (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Div Phys, 7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM mcdonnell5@llnl.gov; schunck1@llnl.gov; witek@utk.edu FU U.S. Department of Energy under [DE-AC52-07NA27344] FX Useful discussions with A. Baran, A. Staszczak, and P. Talou are gratefully acknowledged. This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract Nos. DE-AC52-07NA27344 (Lawrence Livermore National NR 19 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA PO BOX 128 FARRER RD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE BN 978-981-4525-43-5; 978-981-4525-42-8 PY 2013 BP 597 EP 604 PG 8 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA BB7LA UT WOS:000345697700103 ER PT B AU Younes, W Gogny, D Schunck, N AF Younes, W. Gogny, D. Schunck, N. BE Hamilton, JH Ramayya, AV TI A MICROSCOPIC THEORY OF LOW ENERGY FISSION: FRAGMENT PROPERTIES SO FISSION AND PROPERTIES OF NEUTRON-RICH NUCLEI, ICFN5 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Conference on Fission and Properties of Neutron-Rich Nuclei CY NOV 04-10, 2012 CL FL SP Vanderbilt Univ, Joint Inst Heavy Ion Res, UNIRIB, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Excellence Radioact Ion Beam Studies Stewardship Sci DE fission; scission; fragment properties; microscopic theory ID MASS AB We present fully microscopic time-dependent calculations of fission-fragment properties (mass distributions, pre-scission energies, total kinetic and excitation energies) for the U-235(n, f) and Pu-239 (n, f) reactions. The mass distributions for both reactions have been obtained as a function of incident neutron energy from thermal to 5 MeV. The various energies have been calculated for the thermal Pu-239 (n, f) reaction. We compare our calculations to experimental results, wherever possible. C1 [Younes, W.; Gogny, D.; Schunck, N.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Younes, W (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM younes1@llnl.gov; schunck1@llnl.gov NR 12 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA PO BOX 128 FARRER RD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE BN 978-981-4525-43-5; 978-981-4525-42-8 PY 2013 BP 605 EP 612 PG 8 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA BB7LA UT WOS:000345697700104 ER PT B AU Randrup, J Moller, P AF Randrup, Jorgen Moeller, Peter BE Hamilton, JH Ramayya, AV TI BROWNIAN SHAPE DYNAMICS IN NUCLEAR FISSION SO FISSION AND PROPERTIES OF NEUTRON-RICH NUCLEI, ICFN5 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Conference on Fission and Properties of Neutron-Rich Nuclei CY NOV 04-10, 2012 CL FL SP Vanderbilt Univ, Joint Inst Heavy Ion Res, UNIRIB, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Excellence Radioact Ion Beam Studies Stewardship Sci DE Nuclear fission; shape evolution; fragment mass distribution ID DISINTEGRATION AB It was recently found that remarkably accurate fission-fragment mass distributions can be obtained by treating the nuclear shape evolution as a Metropolis walk on previously calculated five-dimensional potential-energy surfaces; this novel method is briefly reviewed here. C1 [Randrup, Jorgen] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Nucl Sci, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Randrup, J (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Nucl Sci, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM JRandrup@LBL.gov; moller@lanl.gov NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA PO BOX 128 FARRER RD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE BN 978-981-4525-43-5; 978-981-4525-42-8 PY 2013 BP 613 EP 622 PG 10 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA BB7LA UT WOS:000345697700105 ER PT B AU Moller, P Randrup, J AF Moeller, P. Randrup, J. BE Hamilton, JH Ramayya, AV TI FISSION-FRAGMENT CHARGE YIELDS IN A BROWNIAN SHAPE-MOTION MODEL SO FISSION AND PROPERTIES OF NEUTRON-RICH NUCLEI, ICFN5 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Conference on Fission and Properties of Neutron-Rich Nuclei CY NOV 04-10, 2012 CL FL SP Vanderbilt Univ, Joint Inst Heavy Ion Res, UNIRIB, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Excellence Radioact Ion Beam Studies Stewardship Sci DE Fission charge yields; Brownian motion ID NUCLEAR-FISSION AB We use a recent model for fission-fragment yield distributions based on Brownian shape motion on 5D potential-energy surfaces to calculate fission-fragment charge yields for the complete U and Th isotope chains observed in the seminal GSI experiment by K.H. Schmidt et al. Previously it was shown that this model describes the transition between symmetric and asymmetric fission in the light Th region; however in these studies the damping of shell corrections with energy was not taken into account. Here we use a generalized Brownian shape-motion model that includes damping of shell corrections with energy. C1 [Moeller, P.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Moller, P (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM moller@lanl.gov; jrandrup@lbl.gov NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA PO BOX 128 FARRER RD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE BN 978-981-4525-43-5; 978-981-4525-42-8 PY 2013 BP 623 EP 631 PG 9 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA BB7LA UT WOS:000345697700106 ER PT B AU Kwan, E Wu, CY Summers, NC Hackman, G Drake, TE Andreoiu, C Ashley, R Ball, GC Bender, PC Boston, AJ Boston, HC Chester, A Close, A Cline, D Cross, DS Dunlop, R Finley, A Garnsworthy, A Hayes, AB Laffoley, AT Nano, T Navratil, P Pearson, CJ Pore, J Starosta, K Thompson, IJ Voss, P Williams, SJ Wang, ZM AF Kwan, E. Wu, C. Y. Summers, N. C. Hackman, G. Drake, T. E. Andreoiu, C. Ashley, R. Ball, G. C. Bender, P. C. Boston, A. J. Boston, H. C. Chester, A. Close, A. Cline, D. Cross, D. S. Dunlop, R. Finley, A. Garnsworthy, A. Hayes, A. B. Laffoley, A. T. Nano, T. Navratil, P. Pearson, C. J. Pore, J. Starosta, K. Thompson, I. J. Voss, P. Williams, S. J. Wang, Z. M. BE Hamilton, JH Ramayya, AV TI PRECISION MEASUREMENTS OF THE B(E1) STRENGTHS IN Be-11 SO FISSION AND PROPERTIES OF NEUTRON-RICH NUCLEI, ICFN5 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Conference on Fission and Properties of Neutron-Rich Nuclei CY NOV 04-10, 2012 CL FL SP Vanderbilt Univ, Joint Inst Heavy Ion Res, UNIRIB, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Excellence Radioact Ion Beam Studies Stewardship Sci ID HALO NUCLEUS BE-11; COULOMB-EXCITATION AB The electromagnetic transition strength between the two bound states were measured in the one-neutron halo nucleus Be-11 from Coulomb excitation on Pt-196 at projectile energies of 1.727 and 2.086 MeV/nucleon at TRIUMF. A B(E1) strength of 0.102(2) e(2)fm(2), deduced from the forward-scattering data, is consistent with previous Coulomb excitation measurements at intermediate projectile energies with a model-dependent analysis. C1 [Kwan, E.; Wu, C. Y.; Summers, N. C.; Thompson, I. J.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Kwan, E (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 808, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM kwan12@llnl.gov; ball@triumf.ca; garns@triumf.ca NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 6 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA PO BOX 128 FARRER RD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE BN 978-981-4525-43-5; 978-981-4525-42-8 PY 2013 BP 678 EP 681 PG 4 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA BB7LA UT WOS:000345697700114 ER PT B AU Meierbachtol, K Tovesson, F Arnold, CW Laptev, AB Bredeweg, TA Jandel, M Nelson, RO White, MC AF Meierbachtol, K. Tovesson, F. Arnold, C. W. Laptev, A. B. Bredeweg, T. A. Jandel, M. Nelson, R. O. White, M. C. BE Hamilton, JH Ramayya, AV TI A HIGH RESOLUTION IONIZATION CHAMBER FOR THE SPIDER FISSION FRAGMENT DETECTOR SO FISSION AND PROPERTIES OF NEUTRON-RICH NUCLEI, ICFN5 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Conference on Fission and Properties of Neutron-Rich Nuclei CY NOV 04-10, 2012 CL FL SP Vanderbilt Univ, Joint Inst Heavy Ion Res, UNIRIB, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Excellence Radioact Ion Beam Studies Stewardship Sci AB An ionization chamber for measuring the energy loss and kinetic energy of fragments produced through neutron-induced fission at the Los Alamos Neutron Science Center (LANSCE) has been designed as a component of the the new SPIDER detector. Design criteria included energy resolutions of <1% for high energy resolution and increased charge resolution. The ionization chamber will be combined with a high resolution time-of-flight detector to achieve fragment yield measurements with mass and nuclear charge resolutions of 1 amu and Z=1. The present status of the ionization chamber will be presented. C1 [Meierbachtol, K.; Tovesson, F.; Arnold, C. W.; Laptev, A. B.; Bredeweg, T. A.; Jandel, M.; Nelson, R. O.; White, M. C.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Meierbachtol, K (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM meierbachtol@lanl.gov; tovesson@lanl.gov; arnold@lanl.gov; alaptev@lanl.gov; mjandel@lanl.gov RI Laptev, Alexander/D-4686-2009 OI Laptev, Alexander/0000-0002-9759-9907 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA PO BOX 128 FARRER RD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE BN 978-981-4525-43-5; 978-981-4525-42-8 PY 2013 BP 682 EP 684 PG 3 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA BB7LA UT WOS:000345697700115 ER PT J AU Caridade, M Grace, L Ribeiro, RM AF Caridade, Marta Grace, Luis Ribeiro, Ruy M. TI Mecnanisms underlying CD4+Treg immune regulation in the adult: from experiments to models SO FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Review DE Tregs; mathematical models; CD4-blockade; regulation; tolerance AB To maintain immunological balance the organism has to be tolerant to self while remaining competent to mount an effective immune response against third-party antigens. An important mechanism of this immune regulation involves the action of regulatory T-cell (Tregs). In this mini-review, we discuss some of the known and proposed mechanisms by which Tregs exert their influence in the context of immune regulation, and the contribution of mathematical modeling for these mechanistic studies. These models explore the mechanisms of action of regulatory T cells, and include hypotheses of multiple signals, delivered through simultaneous antigen-presenting cell (ARC) conjugation; interaction of feedback loops between ARC, Tregs, and effector cells; or production of specific cytokines that act on effector cells. As the field matures, and competing models are winnowed out, it is likely that we will be able to quantify how tolerance-inducing strategies, such as CD4-blockade, affect T-cell dynamics and what mechanisms explain the observed behavior of T-cell based tolerance. C1 [Caridade, Marta; Grace, Luis] Univ Lisbon, Fac Med, Inst Med Mol, P-1649028 Lisbon, Portugal. [Caridade, Marta; Grace, Luis] Inst Gulbenkian Ciencias, Oeiras, Portugal. [Ribeiro, Ruy M.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Theoret Biol & Biophys, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Grace, L (reprint author), Univ Lisbon, Fac Med, Inst Med Mol, Ave Prof Egas Moniz, P-1649028 Lisbon, Portugal. EM lgraca@fm.ul.pt; ruy@lanl.gov RI Graca, Luis/B-8887-2008 OI Graca, Luis/0000-0001-6935-8500 FU European Union [PCOFUND-GA-2009-246542]; Fundacao para a Ciencia e Tecnologia, Portugal; [FCT/PTDC/SAU-TOX/114424/2009]; [FCT/PTDC/SAU-IMU/120225/2010] FX The authors thank Joana Duarte for assistance in preparing Figure 1. Luis Graca is funded by FCT/PTDC/SAU-TOX/114424/2009 and FCT/PTDC/SAU-IMU/120225/2010. Ruy M. Ribeiro received funding from the European Union 7th Framework Programme under grant no PCOFUND-GA-2009-246542 and from Fundacao para a Ciencia e Tecnologia, Portugal. NR 125 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 7 U2 11 PU FRONTIERS RESEARCH FOUNDATION PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 110, LAUSANNE, 1015, SWITZERLAND SN 1664-3224 J9 FRONT IMMUNOL JI Front. Immunol. PY 2013 VL 4 AR UNSP 378 DI 10.3389/fimmu.2013.00378 PG 9 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA V38WS UT WOS:000209374100368 PM 24302924 ER PT J AU Kessinger, TA Perelson, AS Neher, RA AF Kessinger, Taylor A. Perelson, Alan S. Neher, Richard A. TI Inferring HIV escape rates from multi-locus genotype data SO FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE HIV; CTL escape; cytotoxicT-lymphocytes; HIV evolution; viral dynamics; selection coefficient AB Cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) recognize viral protein fragments displayed by major histocompatibility complex molecules on the surface of virally infected cells and generate an anti-viral response that can kill the infected cells. Virus variants whose protein fragments are not efficiently presented on infected cells or whose fragments are presented but not recognized by CTLs therefore have a competitive advantage and spread rapidly through the population. We present a method that allows a more robust estimation of these escape rates from serially sampled sequence data. The proposed method accounts for competition between multiple escapes by explicitly modeling the accumulation of escape mutations and the stochastic effects of rare multiple mutants. Applying our method to serially sampled HIV sequence data, we estimate rates of HIV escape that are substantially larger than those previously reported. The method can be extended to complex escapes that require compensatory mutations. We expect our method to be applicable in other contexts such as cancer evolution where time series data is also available. C1 [Kessinger, Taylor A.; Neher, Richard A.] Max Planck Inst Dev Biol, Evolutionary Dynam & Biophys, D-72076 Tubingen, Germany. [Perelson, Alan S.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Theoret Biol & Biophys, Los Alamos, NM USA. RP Neher, RA (reprint author), Max Planck Inst Dev Biol, Evolutionary Dynam & Biophys, Spemannstr 35, D-72076 Tubingen, Germany. EM richard.neher@tuebingen.mpg.de OI Neher, Richard/0000-0003-2525-1407 FU ERC [HIVEVO 260686]; National Science Foundation [NSF PHY11-25915]; US Department of Energy [DE-AC52-06NA25396]; NIH [R01-A1028433, UM1-AI100645-01]; National Center for Research Resources; Office of Research Infrastructure Programs (ORIP) [R01-OD011095] FX We are grateful for stimulating discussions with F. Zanini. This work is supported by the ERC starting Grant HIVEVO 260686 (Richard A. Neher) and in part by the National Science Foundation under Grant No. NSF PHY11-25915. This work was performed under the auspices of the US Department of Energy under contract DE-AC52-06NA25396 and supported by NIH grants R01-A1028433, UM1-AI100645-01, and the National Center for Research Resources and the Office of Research Infrastructure Programs (ORIP) through grant R01-OD011095 (Alan S. Perelson). NR 43 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU FRONTIERS RESEARCH FOUNDATION PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 110, LAUSANNE, 1015, SWITZERLAND SN 1664-3224 J9 FRONT IMMUNOL JI Front. Immunol. PY 2013 VL 4 AR UNSP 252 DI 10.3389/fimmu.2013.00252 PG 13 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA V38WS UT WOS:000209374100248 PM 24027569 ER PT J AU Maynard, SM Mungall, CJ Lewis, SE Imam, FT Martone, ME AF Maynard, Sarah M. Mungall, Christopher J. Lewis, Suzanna E. Imam, Fahim T. Martone, Maryann E. TI A knowledge based approach to matching human neurodegenerative disease and animal models SO FRONTIERS IN NEUROINFORMATICS LA English DT Article DE phenotype; ontology; Neuroscience Information Framework; neurodegenerative disease; semantics AB Neurodegenerative diseases present a wide and complex range of biological and clinical features. Animal models are key to translational research, yet typically only exhibit a subset of disease features rather than being precise replicas of the disease. Consequently, connecting animal to human conditions using direct data-mining strategies has proven challenging, particularly for diseases of the nervous system, with its complicated anatomy and physiology. To address this challenge we have explored the use of ontologies to create formal descriptions of structural phenotypes across scales that are machine processable and amenable to logical inference. As proof of concept, we built a Neurodegenerative Disease Phenotype Ontology (NDPO) and an associated Phenotype Knowledge Base (PKB) using an entity-quality model that incorporates descriptions for both human disease phenotypes and those of animal models. Entities are drawn from community ontologies made available through the Neuroscience Information Framework (NIF) and qualities are drawn from the Phenotype and Trait Ontology (PATO). We generated similar to 1200 structured phenotype statements describing structural alterations at the subcellular, cellular and gross anatomical levels observed in 11 human neurodegenerative conditions and associated animal models. PhenoSim, an open source tool for comparing phenotypes, was used to issue a series of competency questions to compare individual phenotypes among organisms and to determine which animal models recapitulate phenotypic aspects of the human disease in aggregate. Overall, the system was able to use relationships within the ontology to bridge phenotypes across scales, returning non-trivial matches based on common subsumers that were meaningful to a neuroscientist with an advanced knowledge of neuroanatomy. The system can be used both to compare individual phenotypes and also phenotypes in aggregate. This proof of concept suggests that expressing complex phenotypes using formal ontologies provides considerable benefit for comparing phenotypes across scales and species. C1 [Maynard, Sarah M.; Imam, Fahim T.; Martone, Maryann E.] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Neurosci, Ctr Res Biol Syst, San Diego, CA 92093 USA. [Mungall, Christopher J.; Lewis, Suzanna E.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Genom Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Martone, ME (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Neurosci, Ctr Res Biol Syst, 9500 Gilman Dr,Atkinson Hall, San Diego, CA 92093 USA. EM mmartone@ucsd.edu OI Lewis, Suzanna/0000-0002-8343-612X; Martone, Maryann/0000-0002-8406-3871 FU NIH from the National Institute of Neurological Disorder and Stroke (NINDS) [RO1NS058296]; American Recovery and Reinvestment Act (ARRA) supplement; NIH Neuroscience Blueprint Contract via NIDA [HHSN271200577531C]; Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the US Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX This work was supported by NIH award RO1NS058296 from the National Institute of Neurological Disorder and Stroke (NINDS). Summer students were supported by an American Recovery and Reinvestment Act (ARRA) supplement to this award. The Neuroscience information Framework is supported by NIH Neuroscience Blueprint Contract HHSN271200577531C via NIDA. Portions of this work were also supported by the Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the US Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. The authors would like to thank Dr. Melissa Haendel for helpful comments on the manuscript. NR 39 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU FRONTIERS RESEARCH FOUNDATION PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 110, LAUSANNE, 1015, SWITZERLAND SN 1662-5196 J9 FRONT NEUROINFORM JI Front. Neuroinformatics PY 2013 VL 7 AR UNSP 7 DI 10.3389/fninf.2013.00007 PG 17 WC Mathematical & Computational Biology; Neurosciences SC Mathematical & Computational Biology; Neurosciences & Neurology GA V36JA UT WOS:000209207300007 PM 23717278 ER PT J AU Rangel, LM Quinn, LK Chiba, AA Gage, FH Aimone, JB AF Rangel, Lara M. Quinn, Laleh K. Chiba, Andrea A. Gage, Fred H. Aimone, James B. TI A hypothesis for temporal coding of young and mature granule cells SO FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE adult neurogenesis; oscillations; dentate gyms; hippocampus; temporal coding; granule cells ID ADULT NEUROGENESIS; HIPPOCAMPAL THETA; DENTATE GYRUS; PATTERN SEPARATION; SPATIAL PERIODICITY; MEDIAL SEPTUM; NEURONS BORN; OSCILLATIONS; RHYTHM; CA3 AB While it has been hypothesized that adult neurogenesis (NG) plays a role in the encoding of temporal information at long time-scales, the temporal relationship of immature cells to the highly rhythmic network activity of the hippocampus has been largely unexplored. Here, we present a theory for how the activity of immature adult born granule cells relates to hippocampal oscillations. Our hypothesis is that theta rhythmic (5-10 Hz) excitatory and inhibitory inputs into the hippocampus could differentially affect young and mature granule cells due to differences in intrinsic physiology and synaptic inhibition between the two cell populations. Consequently, immature cell activity may occur at broader ranges of theta phase than the activity of their mature counterparts. We describe how this differential influence on young and mature granule cells could separate the activity of differently aged neurons in a temporal coding regime. Notably, this process could have considerable implications on how the downstream CA3 region interprets the information conveyed by young and mature granule cells. To begin to investigate the phasic behavior of granule cells, we analyzed in vivo recordings of the rat dentate gyrus (DG), observing that the temporal behavior of granule cells with respect to the theta rhythm is different between rats with normal and impaired levels of NG. Specifically, in control animals, granule cells exhibit both strong and weak coupling to the phase of the theta rhythm. In contrast, the distribution of phase relationships in NG-impaired rats is shifted such that they are significantly stronger. These preliminary data support our hypothesis that immature neurons could distinctly affect the temporal dynamics of hippocampal encoding. C1 [Rangel, Lara M.] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Neurosci, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. [Rangel, Lara M.] Boston Univ, Dept Math & Stat, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Quinn, Laleh K.; Chiba, Andrea A.] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Cognit Sci, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. [Gage, Fred H.] Salk Inst Biol Studies, Genet Lab, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA. [Aimone, James B.] Sandia Natl Labs, Cognit Modeling Dept, Albuquerque, NM 87123 USA. RP Aimone, JB (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Cognit Modeling Dept, 1515 Eubank Blvd MS-1327, Albuquerque, NM 87123 USA. EM jbaimon@sandia.gov RI Aimone, James/H-4694-2016 OI Aimone, James/0000-0002-7361-253X FU James S. McDonnell Foundation Collaborative Activity Award; NSF Science of Learning Center Grant [SBE0542013]; Temporal Dynamics of Learning Center; Laboratory Directed Research and Development program at Sandia National Laboratories; U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94 A.L85000] FX We would like to thank Mary Lynn Gage for editorial comments. This work was supported in part by a James S. McDonnell Foundation Collaborative Activity Award, an NSF Science of Learning Center Grant SBE0542013 to the Temporal Dynamics of Learning Center, and the Laboratory Directed Research and Development program at Sandia National Laboratories. Sandia National Laboratories is a multi program laboratory managed and operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corporation, for the U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE-AC04-94 A.L85000. NR 36 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 1 PU FRONTIERS RESEARCH FOUNDATION PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 110, LAUSANNE, 1015, SWITZERLAND SN 1662-453X J9 FRONT NEUROSCI-SWITZ JI Front. Neurosci. PY 2013 VL 7 AR 75 DI 10.3389/fnins.2013.00075 PG 9 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA AW9HF UT WOS:000346567300075 PM 23717259 ER PT B AU Atkinson, BFW Abbott, RG Merket, DC AF Atkinson, Beth F. Wheeler Abbott, Robert G. Merket, Danielle C. BE Best, C Galanis, G Kerry, J Sottilare, R TI Measuring Up: Benefits and Trends in Performance Measurement Technologies SO FUNDAMENTAL ISSUES IN DEFENSE TRAINING AND SIMULATION SE Human Factors in Defence LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Atkinson, Beth F. Wheeler] Naval Air Warfare Ctr, Training Syst Div, Patuxent River, MD 20670 USA. [Abbott, Robert G.] Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Merket, Danielle C.] Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Patuxent River, MD USA. RP Atkinson, BFW (reprint author), Naval Air Warfare Ctr, Training Syst Div, Patuxent River, MD 20670 USA. NR 42 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASHGATE PUBLISHING LTD PI ALDERSHOT PA GOWER HOUSE, CROFT ROAD, ALDERSHOT GU11 3HR, ENGLAND BN 978-1-4094-4722-1; 978-1-4094-4721-4 J9 HUM FACT DEFENCE PY 2013 BP 285 EP 296 PG 12 WC Social Sciences, Interdisciplinary SC Social Sciences - Other Topics GA BC4CY UT WOS:000352310800025 ER PT J AU Boden, TA Krassovski, M Yang, B AF Boden, T. A. Krassovski, M. Yang, B. TI The AmeriFlux data activity and data system: an evolving collection of data management techniques, tools, products and services SO GEOSCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTATION METHODS AND DATA SYSTEMS LA English DT Article AB The Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center (CDIAC) at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), USA has provided scientific data management support for the US Department of Energy and international climate change science since 1982. Among the many data archived and available from CDIAC are collections from long-term measurement projects. One current example is the AmeriFlux measurement network. AmeriFlux provides continuous measurements from forests, grasslands, wetlands, and croplands in North, Central, and South America and offers important insight about carbon cycling in terrestrial ecosystems. To successfully manage AmeriFlux data and support climate change research, CDIAC has designed flexible data systems using proven technologies and standards blended with new, evolving technologies and standards. The AmeriFlux data system, comprised primarily of a relational database, a PHP-based data interface and a FTP server, offers a broad suite of AmeriFlux data. The data interface allows users to query the AmeriFlux collection in a variety of ways and then subset, visualize and download the data. From the perspective of data stewardship, on the other hand, this system is designed for CDIAC to easily control database content, automate data movement, track data provenance, manage metadata content, and handle frequent additions and corrections. CDIAC and researchers in the flux community developed data submission guidelines to enhance the AmeriFlux data collection, enable automated data processing, and promote standardization across regional networks. Both continuous flux and meteorological data and irregular biological data collected at AmeriFlux sites are carefully scrutinized by CDIAC using established quality-control algorithms before the data are ingested into the AmeriFlux data system. Other tasks at CDIAC include reformatting and standardizing the diverse and heterogeneous datasets received from individual sites into a uniform and consistent network database, generating high-level derived products to meet the current demands from a broad user group, and developing new products in anticipation of future needs. In this paper, we share our approaches to meet the challenges of standardizing, archiving and delivering quality, well-documented AmeriFlux data worldwide to benefit others with similar challenges of handling diverse climate change data, to further heighten awareness and use of an outstanding ecological data resource, and to highlight expanded software engineering applications being used for climate change measurement data. C1 [Boden, T. A.; Krassovski, M.; Yang, B.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Carbon Dioxide Informat Anal Ctr, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Boden, TA (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Carbon Dioxide Informat Anal Ctr, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM bodenta@ornl.gov FU US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Biological and Environmental Research (BER); US Department of Energy [DE-AC05-00OR22725] FX This research and CDIAC were supported by the US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Biological and Environmental Research (BER), and conducted at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), managed by UT-Battelle, LLC, for the US Department of Energy under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725. NR 8 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 3 U2 10 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 2193-0856 EI 2193-0864 J9 GEOSCI INSTRUM METH JI Geosci. Instrum. Methods Data Syst. PY 2013 VL 2 IS 1 BP 165 EP 176 DI 10.5194/gi-2-165-2013 PG 12 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA V39PJ UT WOS:000209422600020 ER PT J AU Bruyninckx, H Ye, Q AF Bruyninckx, Hans Ye, Qi BE Bruyninckx, H Ye, Q Thuan, NQ Belis, D TI The increasingly complex nature of EU-China climate relations SO GOVERNANCE OF CLIMATE RELATIONS BETWEEN EUROPE AND ASIA: EVIDENCE FROM CHINA AND VIETNAM AS KEY EMERGING ECONOMIES SE Leuven Global Governance LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID EUROPEAN-UNION; EMISSIONS; FUTURE; POLICY; TRADE C1 [Bruyninckx, Hans] Univ Leuven, HIVA Res Inst Work & Soc, Leuven, Belgium. [Bruyninckx, Hans] Univ Leuven, Global Environm Governance, Leuven, Belgium. [Ye, Qi] Tsinghua Univ, Sch Publ Policy & Management, Climate Policy Initiat, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Ye, Qi] Tsinghua Univ, Sch Publ Policy & Management, Environm Policy, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Ye, Qi] Beijing Normal Univ, Environm Sci, Beijing 100875, Peoples R China. [Ye, Qi] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Ye, Qi] US DOE, Washington, DC 20585 USA. [Ye, Qi] USDA, Washington, DC 20250 USA. [Ye, Qi] Minist Sci & Technol China, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Ye, Qi] Natl Dev & Reform Commiss, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Ye, Qi] World Bank, Washington, DC 20433 USA. [Ye, Qi] European Commiss, DG Climate Act, Brussels, Belgium. RP Bruyninckx, H (reprint author), Univ Leuven, HIVA Res Inst Work & Soc, Leuven, Belgium. NR 81 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU EDWARD ELGAR PUBLISHING LTD PI CHELTENHAM PA GLENSANDA HOUSE, MONTPELLIER PARADE, CHELTENHAM GL50 1UA, GLOS, ENGLAND BN 978-1-78195-598-7 J9 LEUVEN GLOB GOV PY 2013 BP 25 EP 50 D2 10.4337/9781781955994 PG 26 WC GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY; Environmental Studies; International Relations SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; International Relations GA BG3EF UT WOS:000387910100003 ER PT B AU Santos-Hernandez, JM AF Santos-Hernandez, Jenniffer M. BE Brunsma, DL Smith, KEI Gran, BK TI POPULATION SO HANDBOOK OF SOCIOLOGY AND HUMAN RIGHTS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Santos-Hernandez, Jenniffer M.] Univ Delaware, Sociol, Newark, DE 19716 USA. [Santos-Hernandez, Jenniffer M.] Disaster Res Ctr, Newark, DE USA. [Santos-Hernandez, Jenniffer M.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. RP Santos-Hernandez, JM (reprint author), Univ Delaware, Sociol, Newark, DE 19716 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ROUTLEDGE PI ABINGDON PA 2 PARK SQ, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXFORD, ENGLAND BN 978-1-317-25839-1; 978-1-59451-882-9 PY 2013 BP 265 EP 270 PG 6 WC Sociology SC Sociology GA BF6JE UT WOS:000383154100028 ER PT B AU Tang, L Lotfi, N Ishaku, J Landers, RG AF Tang, Lie Lotfi, Nima Ishaku, Joseph Landers, Robert G. BE Grasman, SE TI Dynamic Modeling and Control of PEM Fuel Cell Systems SO HYDROGEN ENERGY AND VEHICLE SYSTEMS SE Green Chemistry and Chemical Engineering LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID EMPIRICAL-EQUATION; PERFORMANCE; HYDROGEN C1 [Tang, Lie] Missouri Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Rolla, MO 65409 USA. [Ishaku, Joseph] Argonne Natl Labs, EcoCAR Project, Lemont, IL USA. [Landers, Robert G.] Missouri Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Grad Affairs, Rolla, MO USA. RP Tang, L (reprint author), Missouri Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Rolla, MO 65409 USA. NR 33 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4398-2682-9; 978-1-4398-2681-2 J9 GREEN CHEM CHEM ENG PY 2013 BP 79 EP 122 PG 44 WC Energy & Fuels; Transportation Science & Technology SC Energy & Fuels; Transportation GA BC6XJ UT WOS:000354563900007 ER PT B AU Melaina, MW AF Melaina, Marc W. BE Grasman, SE TI Market Transformation Lessons for Hydrogen from the Early History of the Manufactured Gas Industry SO HYDROGEN ENERGY AND VEHICLE SYSTEMS SE Green Chemistry and Chemical Engineering LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Melaina, Marc W.] US DOE, Hydrogen Infrastruct Anal Team, Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Washington, DC 20585 USA. [Melaina, Marc W.] Univ Calif Davis, Inst Transportat Studies, Davis, CA USA. [Melaina, Marc W.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Melaina, Marc W.] Natl Acad Sci, Davis, CA USA. [Melaina, Marc W.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Natl Transportat Res Ctr, Oak Ridge, TN USA. RP Melaina, MW (reprint author), US DOE, Hydrogen Infrastruct Anal Team, Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Washington, DC 20585 USA. NR 34 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4398-2682-9; 978-1-4398-2681-2 J9 GREEN CHEM CHEM ENG PY 2013 BP 123 EP 157 PG 35 WC Energy & Fuels; Transportation Science & Technology SC Energy & Fuels; Transportation GA BC6XJ UT WOS:000354563900008 ER PT B AU Kurtz, J Wipke, K Eudy, L Sprik, S Ramsden, T AF Kurtz, Jennifer Wipke, Keith Eudy, Leslie Sprik, Sam Ramsden, Todd BE Grasman, SE TI Fuel Cell Technology Demonstrations and Data Analysis SO HYDROGEN ENERGY AND VEHICLE SYSTEMS SE Green Chemistry and Chemical Engineering LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Kurtz, Jennifer] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Hydrogen Technol Validat Team, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Kurtz, Jennifer] UTC Power, South Windsor, CT USA. [Wipke, Keith] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Hydrogen Anal, Golden, CO USA. [Wipke, Keith] Hydrogen Anal Grp, Rokkasho, Aomori, Japan. [Eudy, Leslie] NREL, Golden, CO USA. [Sprik, Sam] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Hydrogen Technol Validat, Golden, CO USA. [Sprik, Sam] Chrysler, Stat Qual Control Mfg Proc, Detroit, MI USA. [Ramsden, Todd] US Dept Transportat, Washington, DC USA. [Ramsden, Todd] Ford Motor Co, Dearborn, MI 48121 USA. [Ramsden, Todd] US EPA, Washington, DC USA. RP Kurtz, J (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Hydrogen Technol Validat Team, Golden, CO 80401 USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4398-2682-9; 978-1-4398-2681-2 J9 GREEN CHEM CHEM ENG PY 2013 BP 159 EP 181 PG 23 WC Energy & Fuels; Transportation Science & Technology SC Energy & Fuels; Transportation GA BC6XJ UT WOS:000354563900009 ER PT B AU Steward, D Webster, K Zuboy, J AF Steward, Darlene Webster, Karen Zuboy, Jarett BE Grasman, SE TI Producing Hydrogen for Vehicles via Fuel Cell-Based Combined Heat, Hydrogen, and Power: Factors Affecting Energy Use, Greenhouse Gas Emissions, and Cost SO HYDROGEN ENERGY AND VEHICLE SYSTEMS SE Green Chemistry and Chemical Engineering LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Steward, Darlene] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Steward, Darlene] Hydrogen Technol & Syst Ctr, Golden, CO USA. RP Steward, D (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4398-2682-9; 978-1-4398-2681-2 J9 GREEN CHEM CHEM ENG PY 2013 BP 183 EP 223 PG 41 WC Energy & Fuels; Transportation Science & Technology SC Energy & Fuels; Transportation GA BC6XJ UT WOS:000354563900010 ER PT B AU Rivkin, CH AF Rivkin, Carl H. BE Grasman, SE TI Hydrogen Fuel Cell Vehicle Regulations, Codes, and Standards SO HYDROGEN ENERGY AND VEHICLE SYSTEMS SE Green Chemistry and Chemical Engineering LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Rivkin, Carl H.] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Codes & Stand Project Team, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Rivkin, Carl H.] Natl Fire Protect Assoc, Golden, CO USA. RP Rivkin, CH (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Codes & Stand Project Team, Golden, CO 80401 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4398-2682-9; 978-1-4398-2681-2 J9 GREEN CHEM CHEM ENG PY 2013 BP 311 EP 323 PG 13 WC Energy & Fuels; Transportation Science & Technology SC Energy & Fuels; Transportation GA BC6XJ UT WOS:000354563900015 ER PT B AU Chao, B Klebanoff, L AF Chao, Ben Klebanoff, Lennie BE Klebanoff, L TI Hydrogen Storage in Interstitial Metal Hydrides SO HYDROGEN STORAGE TECHNOLOGY: MATERIALS AND APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID LAVES PHASE ALLOYS; CR-V ALLOYS; INTERMETALLIC COMPOUNDS; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; SOLID-SOLUTION; STRUCTURAL CHARACTERISTICS; ABSORPTION PROPERTIES; NEGATIVE ELECTRODES; NI/MH BATTERIES; AB(2) ALLOYS C1 [Chao, Ben] BASF Corp, BASF Battery Mat Ovon, Rochester Hills, MI 48309 USA. [Klebanoff, Lennie] Sandia Natl Labs, Hydrogen & Combust Technol Dept, Livermore, CA USA. RP Chao, B (reprint author), BASF Corp, BASF Battery Mat Ovon, Rochester Hills, MI 48309 USA. EM benjamin.chao@basf.com; lekleba@sandia.gov NR 109 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4398-4108-2; 978-1-4398-4107-5 PY 2013 BP 109 EP 131 PG 23 WC Energy & Fuels SC Energy & Fuels GA BC8EP UT WOS:000355568300006 ER PT J AU Dechev, D Ahn, TH AF Dechev, Damian Ahn, Tae-Hyuk TI Using SST/Macro for Effective Analysis of MPI-Based Applications: Evaluating Large-Scale Genomic Sequence Search SO IEEE ACCESS LA English DT Article DE Exascale architecture simulator; mpiBLAST; performance and scalability modeling; multiprocessor programming; message passing interface AB Future and current high-performance computing applications will have to change and adapt as node architectures evolve. The application of advanced architecture simulators will play a crucial role for the design and optimization of future data intensive applications. In this paper, we present our simulation-based framework for analyzing the scalability and performance of a number of critical optimizations of a massively parallel genomic search application, mpiBLAST, using an advanced macroscale simulator (SST/macro). We report the use of our framework for the evaluation of three potential improvements of mpiBLAST: 1) enabling high-performance parallel output; 2) an approach for caching database fragments in memory; and 3) a methodology for pre-distributing database segments. In our experimental setup, we performed query sequence matching on the genome of the yellow fever mosquito, Aedes aegypti. C1 [Dechev, Damian] Univ Cent Florida, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Orlando, FL 32816 USA. [Ahn, Tae-Hyuk] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Math & Comp Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Dechev, D (reprint author), Univ Cent Florida, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Orlando, FL 32816 USA. EM dechev@eecs.ucf.edu NR 36 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 2169-3536 J9 IEEE ACCESS JI IEEE Access PY 2013 VL 1 BP 428 EP 435 DI 10.1109/ACCESS.2013.2272434 PG 8 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Computer Science; Engineering; Telecommunications GA V42ZW UT WOS:000209652700033 ER PT J AU Polcari, J AF Polcari, John TI An Informative Interpretation of Decision Theory: The Information Theoretic Basis for Signal-to-Noise Ratio and Log Likelihood Ratio SO IEEE ACCESS LA English DT Article DE Data compression; decision theory; detection algorithms; information measures; information theory; Kullback Leibler divergence; log likelihood ratio; performance evaluation; performance measures; self-scaling property; signal processing algorithms; signal to noise ratio; statistical analysis AB The signal processing concept of signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), in its role as a performance measure, is recast within the more general context of information theory, leading to a series of useful insights. Establishing generalized SNR (GSNR) as a rigorous information theoretic measure inherent in any set of observations significantly strengthens its quantitative performance pedigree while simultaneously providing a specific definition under general conditions. In turn, this directly leads to consideration of the log likelihood ratio (LLR): first, as the simplest possible information-preserving transformation (i.e., signal processing algorithm) and subsequently, as an absolute, comparable measure of information for any specific observation exemplar. The information accounting methodology that results permits practical use of both GSNR and LLR as diagnostic scalar performance measurements, directly comparable across alternative system/algorithm designs, applicable at any tap point within any processing string, in a form that is also comparable with the inherent performance bounds due to information conservation. C1 [Polcari, John] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Comp Sci & Math Div, Ctr Engn Sci Adv Res, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Polcari, J (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Comp Sci & Math Div, Ctr Engn Sci Adv Res, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM polcarij@ornl.gov FU Office of Naval Research Maritime Sensing Program [321MS]; Battelle LLC [DE-AC05-00OR22725] FX Oak Ridge National Laboratory is managed for the United States Department of Energy by Battelle LLC under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725. The author is indebted to Dr. Michael Traweek of ONR for his continued enthusiastic support (both intellectual and financial) of this type of fundamental conceptual investigation, which appears to be of decreasing interest within the larger DoD research community. NR 14 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 3 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 2169-3536 J9 IEEE ACCESS JI IEEE Access PY 2013 VL 1 BP 509 EP 522 DI 10.1109/ACCESS.2013.2277930 PG 14 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Computer Science; Engineering; Telecommunications GA V42ZW UT WOS:000209652700041 ER PT J AU Dechev, D Laborde, P Feldman, SD AF Dechev, Damian Laborde, Pierre Feldman, Steven D. TI LC/DC: lockless Containers and Data Concurrency A Novel Nonblocking Container Library for Multicore Applications SO IEEE ACCESS LA English DT Article DE Nonblocking; data container; library; concurrency; parallelism; data structures; non-blocking; lock-free; wait-free; parallel programming; data storage; hash table AB Exploiting the parallelism in multiprocessor systems is a major challenge in modern computer science. Multicore programming demands a change in the way we design and use fundamental data structures. The standard collection of data structures and algorithms in C++11 is the sequential standard template library (STL). In this paper, we present their vision for the theory and practice for the design and implementation of a collection of highly concurrent fundamental data structures for multiprocessor application development with associated programming interface and advanced optimization support. Specifically, the proposed approach will provide a familiar, easy-to-use, and composable interface, similar to that of C++ STL. Each container type will be enhanced with internal support for nonblocking synchronization of its data access, thereby providing better safety and performance than traditional blocking synchronization by: 1) eliminating hazards such as deadlock, livelock, and priority inversion and 2) by being highly scalable in supporting large numbers of threads. The new library, lockless containers/data concurrency, will provide algorithms for handling fundamental computations in multithreaded contexts, and will incorporate these into libraries with familiar look and feel. The proposed approach will provide an immense boost in performance and software reuse, consequently productivity, for developers of scientific and systems applications, which are predominantly in C/C++. STL is widely used and a concurrent replacement library will have an immediate practical relevance and a significant impact on a variety of parallel programming domains including simulation, massive data mining, computational biology, financial engineering, and embedded control systems. As a proof-of-concept, this paper discusses the first design and implementation of a wait free hash table. C1 [Laborde, Pierre; Feldman, Steven D.] Univ Cent Florida, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Orlando, FL 32816 USA. [Dechev, Damian] Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Dechev, D (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM dechev@eecs.ucf.edu FU United States Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000] FX Sandia National Laboratories is a multiprogram laboratory operated by Sandia Corporation, a Lockheed Martin Company, for the United States Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. NR 50 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 2169-3536 J9 IEEE ACCESS JI IEEE Access PY 2013 VL 1 BP 625 EP 645 DI 10.1109/ACCESS.2013.2282500 PG 21 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Computer Science; Engineering; Telecommunications GA V42ZW UT WOS:000209652700050 ER PT J AU Lavietes, AD Trebes, J Borchers, R Dahlburg, J Donnelly, J Isles, A Johnson, N Knoll, G Kouzes, R Lanza, R Lieberman, J Lund, J Prussin, S Russo, J Slakey, F AF Lavietes, Anthony D. Trebes, James Borchers, Robert Dahlburg, Jill Donnelly, John Isles, Adam Johnson, Neil Knoll, Glenn Kouzes, Richard Lanza, Richard Lieberman, Jodi Lund, James Prussin, Stanley Russo, Jeanette Slakey, Francis TI Technical Review of the Domestic Nuclear Detection Office Transformational and Applied Research Directorate's Research and Development Program SO IEEE ACCESS LA English DT Review DE Algorithms and modeling; radiation detection; shielded nuclear materials; nuclear forensics AB At the request of the Domestic Nuclear Detection Office (DNDO), a Study Committee comprised of representatives from the American Physical Society, Panel on Public Affairs, the IEEE, and Nuclear and Plasma Sciences Society performed a technical review of the DNDO Transformational and Applied Research Directorate (TARD) R&D program. TARD's principal objective is to address gaps in the Global Nuclear Detection Architecture (GNDA) through improvements in the performance, cost, and operational burden of detectors and systems. The charge to the Study Committee was to investigate the existing TARD R&D plan and portfolio, recommend changes to the existing plan, and recommend possible new R&D areas and opportunities. This report is the result of an independent, detailed analysis of the current R&D plan and includes, for each application area, observations, and recommendations to focus future investments within the context of the TARD mission. C1 [Lavietes, Anthony D.] IAEA, A-1220 Vienna, Austria. [Trebes, James] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Borchers, Robert] Maui High Performance Comp Ctr, Kihei, HI 96753 USA. [Dahlburg, Jill; Johnson, Neil] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Donnelly, John] Fire & EMS Inst, Columbia, MO 65203 USA. [Isles, Adam] Raytheon, Waltham, MA 02451 USA. [Knoll, Glenn] Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Kouzes, Richard] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99354 USA. [Lanza, Richard] MIT, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Lieberman, Jodi; Russo, Jeanette; Slakey, Francis] Amer Phys Soc, College Pk, MD 20740 USA. [Lund, James] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87123 USA. [Prussin, Stanley] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94704 USA. RP Lavietes, AD (reprint author), IAEA, A-1220 Vienna, Austria. EM a.lavietes@ieee.org NR 24 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 3 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 2169-3536 J9 IEEE ACCESS JI IEEE Access PY 2013 VL 1 BP 661 EP 690 DI 10.1109/ACCESS.2013.2281203 PG 30 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Computer Science; Engineering; Telecommunications GA V42ZW UT WOS:000209652700052 ER PT S AU Tsao, JY Wierer, JJ Rohwer, LES Coltrin, ME Crawford, MH Simmons, JA Hung, PC Saunders, H Sizov, DS Bhat, R Zah, CE AF Tsao, Jeff Y. Wierer, Jonathan J., Jr. Rohwer, Lauren E. S. Coltrin, Michael E. Crawford, Mary H. Simmons, Jerry A. Hung, Po-Chieh Saunders, Harry Sizov, Dmitry S. Bhat, Raj Zah, Chung-En BE Seong, TY Han, J Amano, H Morkoc, H TI Introduction Part B. Ultra-efficient Solid-State Lighting: Likely Characteristics, Economic Benefits, Technological Approaches SO III-NITRIDE BASED LIGHT EMITTING DIODES AND APPLICATIONS SE Topics in Applied Physics LA English DT Editorial Material; Book Chapter ID EMITTING-DIODES; LAMPS AB Technologies for artificial lighting, as illustrated on the left side of Fig. 2.1, have made tremendous progress over the centuries: from fire, with an efficiency of about a tenth of a percent; to incandescent lamps, with an efficiency of about 4 %; to gas discharge lamps, with an efficiency of about 20 %; and soon to solid-state lighting (SSL), with efficiencies that in principle could approach 100 %. At this point in time, there is virtually no question that SSL will eventually displace its predecessor technologies. A remaining question, however, is what the final efficiency of SSL will be. Will it be, as illustrated on the right side of Fig. 2.1, 50 %, which is what the community (Haitz and Tsao in Phys. Status Solidi A 208: 17-29, 2011) has long targeted as its "efficient" lighting goal? Will it be 70 % or higher, which is what some (Phillips et al. in Laser Photon. Rev. 1: 307-333, 2007) have called the "ultra-efficient" lighting goal? Or will it be even beyond an effective efficiency of 100 %, something that might be enabled by smart lighting (Kim and Schubert in Science 308: 1274-1278, 2005), in which one doesn't just engineer the efficiency with which light is produced, but the efficiency with which light is used? In this chapter, we give a perspective on the future of SSL, with a focus on ultrahigh efficiencies. We ask, and sketch answers to, three questions. First, what are some of the likely characteristics of ultra-efficient SSL? Second, what are some of the economic benefits of ultra-efficient SSL? And, third, what are some of the challenges associated with the various technological approaches that could be explored for ultra-efficient SSL? C1 [Tsao, Jeff Y.; Wierer, Jonathan J., Jr.; Rohwer, Lauren E. S.; Coltrin, Michael E.; Crawford, Mary H.; Simmons, Jerry A.] Sandia Natl Labs, Phys Chem & Nano Sci Ctr, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Hung, Po-Chieh] Konica Minolta Lab USA Inc, San Mateo, CA 94403 USA. [Saunders, Harry] Decis Proc Inc, Danville, CA 94506 USA. [Sizov, Dmitry S.; Bhat, Raj; Zah, Chung-En] Corning Inc, Corning, NY 14831 USA. RP Tsao, JY (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Phys Chem & Nano Sci Ctr, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM jytsao@sandia.gov RI Wierer, Jonathan/G-1594-2013 OI Wierer, Jonathan/0000-0001-6971-4835 NR 35 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0303-4216 BN 978-94-007-5863-6; 978-94-007-5862-9 J9 TOP APPL PHYS JI Top. Appl. Phys. PY 2013 VL 126 BP 11 EP 26 DI 10.1007/978-94-007-5863-6_2 D2 10.1007/978-94-007-5863-6 PG 16 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA BC0CL UT WOS:000348907300003 ER PT B AU Baek, Y Brown, MA AF Baek, Youngsun Brown, Marilyn A. BE Stuart, PR ElHalwagi, MM TI Biopower in the US South: Barriers, Drivers, and Potential for Expansion SO INTEGRATED BIOREFINERIES: DESIGN, ANALYSIS, AND OPTIMIZATION SE Green Chemistry and Chemical Engineering LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Baek, Youngsun] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Brown, Marilyn A.] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Publ Policy, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. RP Baek, Y (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 24 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4398-0347-9; 978-1-4398-0346-2 J9 GREEN CHEM CHEM ENG PY 2013 BP 749 EP 769 PG 21 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Engineering, Chemical SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Engineering GA BC8TK UT WOS:000356073300027 ER PT B AU Djidjev, H Potkonjak, M AF Djidjev, Hristo Potkonjak, Miodrag BE Hu, F Hao, Q TI Dynamic Coverage Problems in Sensor Networks SO INTELLIGENT SENSOR NETWORKS: THE INTEGRATION OF SENSOR NETWORKS, SIGNAL PROCESSING AND MACHINE LEARNING LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID BARRIER COVERAGE; SECURITY C1 [Djidjev, Hristo] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Informat Sci, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Potkonjak, Miodrag] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Comp Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. RP Djidjev, H (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Informat Sci, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 102 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4398-9282-4; 978-1-4398-9281-7 PY 2013 BP 459 EP 482 PG 24 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BC7NO UT WOS:000355012800022 ER PT B AU Addy, N Mathieu, JL Kiliccote, S Callaway, DS AF Addy, Nathan Mathieu, Johanna L. Kiliccote, Sila Callaway, Duncan S. GP ASME TI UNDERSTANDING THE EFFECT OF BASELINE MODELING IMPLEMENTATION CHOICES ON ANALYSIS OF DEMAND RESPONSE PERFORMANCE SO INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL ENGINEERING CONGRESS AND EXPOSITION - 2012, VOL 10 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT ASME International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition CY NOV 09-15, 2012 CL Houston, TX SP ASME ID SAVINGS AB Accurate evaluation of the performance of buildings participating in Demand Response (DR) programs is critical to the adoption and improvement of these programs. Typically, we calculate load sheds during DR events by comparing observed electric demand against counterfactual predictions made using statistical baseline models. Many baseline models exist and these models can produce different shed calculations. Moreover, modelers implementing the same baseline model can make different modeling implementation choices, which may affect shed estimates. In this work, using real data, we analyze the effect of different modeling implementation choices on shed predictions. We focused on five issues: weather data source, resolution of data, methods for determining when buildings are occupied, methods for aligning building data with temperature data, and methods for power outage filtering. Results indicate sensitivity to the weather data source and data filtration methods as well as an immediate potential for automation of methods to choose building occupied modes. C1 [Addy, Nathan; Kiliccote, Sila] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Environm Energy Technol Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Mathieu, Johanna L.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mech Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Callaway, Duncan S.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Energy & Resources Grp, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Addy, N (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Environm Energy Technol Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM naddy@lbl.gov; jmathieu@berkeley.edu; skiliccote@lbl.gov; dcal@berkeley.edu NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 978-0-7918-4526-4 PY 2013 BP 133 EP 141 PG 9 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA BC1ZP UT WOS:000350611000019 ER PT B AU Lai, K Xu, W Sun, X AF Lai, Kevin Xu, Wei Sun, Xin GP ASME TI AN INVERSE ALGORITHM FOR RESONANCE INSPECTION SO INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL ENGINEERING CONGRESS AND EXPOSITION - 2012, VOL 12 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT ASME International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition CY NOV 09-15, 2012 CL Houston, TX SP ASME ID DAMAGE DETECTION; BEAMS; CRACK; IDENTIFICATION; FREQUENCY AB Compared to other contemporarily used non-destructive evaluation (NDE) techniques, resonance inspection (RI), which employs the natural vibrational frequency spectra shift induced by the damage to detect defects, is advantageous in many aspects such as low cost, high testing speed, and broad applicability to complex structures. However, the inability to provide damage details, i.e. location, dimension, or types, of the flaws severely hinders its wide spread applications and further development despite its early success in the automobile industry for quality inspections of safety critical parts. In this study, an inverse RI algorithm using a maximum correlation function as the filtering function is proposed to quantify the location and size of flaws for a discrepant part. The algorithm and the numerical schemes are validated using a dog-bone shaped stainless steel sample, while the spectrum data for the original part and flawed parts were generated by a commercial FEM package. The results show that multiple flaws can be accurately identified using the proposed RI inversion method. The study further showed that the reliability of the inversion method is sensitive to the spectrum range included in the correlation function computation. It is demonstrated that the frequency range required to provide accurate predictions is inversely correlated to the defect size. Large defects can be detected using lower frequency spectrum data only, while smaller defects require a higher frequency range. C1 [Lai, Kevin; Xu, Wei; Sun, Xin] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99354 USA. RP Lai, K (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99354 USA. NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 978-0-7918-4528-8 PY 2013 BP 417 EP 422 PG 6 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA BC1ZS UT WOS:000350613400051 ER PT B AU Ledesma, E Aceves, SM Espinosa-Loza, F Ravani, B AF Ledesma, Elias Aceves, Salvador M. Espinosa-Loza, Francisco Ravani, Bahram GP ASME TI DEVELOPMENT OF A TOOLKIT FOR THE ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF COMPOSITE PRESSURE VESSELS SO INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL ENGINEERING CONGRESS AND EXPOSITION - 2012, VOL 3, PTS A-C: DESIGN, MATERIALS, AND MANUFACTURING LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT ASME International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition CY NOV 09-15, 2012 CL Houston, TX SP ASME ID HYDROGEN; STORAGE AB This work presents the development of a toolkit for the analysis and design of composite pressure vessels. The toolkit is developed in APDL (ANSYS parametric design language) to work inside ANSYS. In addition to the macros in APDL, a graphical user interface is developed in Tk/Tcl to access the toolkit. The toolkit includes a tool for composite material analysis with the method of cells, developed and implemented to get laminae properties from fiber and matrix properties. A shell elements tool and a hexahedral elements tool were implemented to generate 3D type 3 (metal lined) or type 4 (plastic lined) fiber reinforced pressure vessel models. A mixed Tsai-Wu and maximum stress tool was also implemented in the toolkit to predict composite failure. In addition to these tools, there are two scripts to model honeycomb as well as an algorithm to perform a netting analysis. C1 [Ledesma, Elias] Univ Guanajuato, Guanajuato, Mexico. [Aceves, Salvador M.; Espinosa-Loza, Francisco] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. [Ravani, Bahram] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Ledesma, E (reprint author), Univ Guanajuato, Guanajuato, Mexico. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 978-0-7918-4519-6 PY 2013 BP 187 EP 198 PG 12 WC Engineering, Manufacturing; Engineering, Mechanical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Materials Science GA BC1DQ UT WOS:000350004500024 ER PT B AU Brake, MR Aragon, DS VanGoethem, DJ Sumali, H AF Brake, M. R. Aragon, D. S. VanGoethem, D. J. Sumali, H. GP ASME TI THE EFFECT OF THE CONTACT MODEL ON THE DESIGN OF MECHANICAL SYSTEMS SO INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL ENGINEERING CONGRESS AND EXPOSITION - 2012, VOL 4, PTS A AND B LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT ASME International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition CY NOV 09-15, 2012 CL Houston, TX SP ASME ID PERFECTLY PLASTIC SPHERES; FINITE-ELEMENT; IMPACT OSCILLATIONS; RIGID FLAT; RESTITUTION; COEFFICIENT; COLLISIONS; BEAM AB Impact is a wide-spread phenomenon in mechanical systems that can have a significant effect on the system's dynamics, stability, wear, and damage. The simulation of impact in complex, mechanical systems, however, is often too computationally intensive for high fidelity finite element analyses to be useful as design tools. As a result, rigid body dynamics and reduced order model simulations are often used, with the impact events modeled by ad hoc methods such as a constant coefficient of restitution or a penalty stiffness. The consequences of the choice of contact model are studied in this paper for a representative multiple-degrees of freedom mechanical system. Four contact models are considered in the analysis: a constant coefficient of restitution model, two similar elastic-plastic constitutive models, and one dissimilar elastic-plastic constitutive model. The predictions of wear, mechanical failure, and stability are assessed for each of the contact models, and the subsequent effect on the system design is investigated. These results emphasize the importance of choosing a realistic contact model when simulations are being used to drive the design of a system. C1 [Brake, M. R.; Aragon, D. S.; VanGoethem, D. J.; Sumali, H.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Brake, MR (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM mrbrake@sandia.gov NR 34 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 978-0-7918-4520-2 PY 2013 BP 707 EP 718 PG 12 WC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering, Mechanical; Operations Research & Management Science SC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering; Operations Research & Management Science GA BC1GC UT WOS:000350070300084 ER PT B AU Zhu, GD Netter, J Gray, A AF Zhu, Guangdong Netter, Judy Gray, Allison GP ASME TI A HIGH-PRECISION CONTROL SYSTEM USED FOR OPTICAL EFFICIENCY MEASUREMENTS OF PARABOLIC TROUGH COLLECTORS AT NREL SO INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL ENGINEERING CONGRESS AND EXPOSITION - 2012, VOL 4, PTS A AND B LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT ASME International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition CY NOV 09-15, 2012 CL Houston, TX SP ASME AB The testing facility called the Outdoor Collector Test Loop (OCTL), which is located at the Solar Industrial Mesa Top Area (SIMTA) of National Renewable Energy Lab (NREL), measures the optical efficiency of parabolic trough collectors. It uses a dual-axis, large-payload solar tracker to hold a parabolic trough collector module and track the sun. Due to the growing need for measurement accuracy and efficiency, a new tracking control system for the tracker has been acquired and successfully commissioned as of February 2012. As part of the customization needed to address the unique testing requirements at the OCTL, new tracking modes have been designed and embedded into the new controller. In particular, the incidence angle modifier (JAM) and fixed-azimuth modes allows the OCTL to readily measure the JAM values for a trough collector, significantly improving the speed and efficiency of IAM data collection compared to the previous controller (with test times of days versus weeks). The Siemens S7 1200 PLC integrates various hardware components (such as the hydraulic pump, encoders, sun sensor and wind sensor) through corresponding communication channels, and a Simatic BM panel provides a powerful user-friendly interface for operation, monitoring, and diagnostics. In addition, NREL integrated the Siemens tracking control program with the existing LabVIEW program that serves as a user interface of the thermal fluid loop, and calibrated the tracking platform as a whole to characterize its tracking accuracy. At last, the challenges and opportunities for the control system in the area of concentrating solar power (CSP) are briefly discussed. C1 [Zhu, Guangdong; Netter, Judy; Gray, Allison] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Concentrating Solar Power Program, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Zhu, GD (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Concentrating Solar Power Program, Golden, CO 80401 USA. EM Guangdong.Zhu@nrel.gov NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 978-0-7918-4520-2 PY 2013 BP 1241 EP 1248 PG 8 WC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering, Mechanical; Operations Research & Management Science SC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering; Operations Research & Management Science GA BC1GC UT WOS:000350070300138 ER PT B AU Barai, P Simunovic, S Mukherjee, PP AF Barai, Pallab Simunovic, Srdjan Mukherjee, Partha P. GP ASME TI Damage and Crack Analysis in a Li-ion Battery Electrode using Random Spring Model SO INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL ENGINEERING CONGRESS AND EXPOSITION - 2012, VOL 6, PTS A AND B LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT ASME International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition CY NOV 09-15, 2012 CL Houston, TX SP ASME ID FRACTURE C1 [Barai, Pallab; Mukherjee, Partha P.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Mech Engn, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Simunovic, Srdjan] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Comp Sci & Math Div, Oak Ridge, TN USA. [Barai, Pallab] Univ Tennessee, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Knoxville, TN USA. RP Mukherjee, PP (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Dept Mech Engn, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. EM pmukherjee@tamu.edu NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 978-0-7918-4522-6 PY 2013 BP 483 EP 486 PG 4 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Mechanical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA BC1GD UT WOS:000350070400054 ER PT B AU Golberg, A Linshiz, G Koudritsky, M Chemodanov, A Hillson, NJ AF Golberg, A. Linshiz, G. Koudritsky, M. Chemodanov, A. Hillson, N. J. GP ASME TI DISTRIBUTED MARINE BIOREFINERIES FOR DEVELOPING ECONOMIES SO INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL ENGINEERING CONGRESS AND EXPOSITION - 2012, VOL 6, PTS A AND B LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT ASME International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition CY NOV 09-15, 2012 CL Houston, TX SP ASME ID MICROBIAL-PRODUCTION; CONSTRUCTAL DESIGN; BIOMASS YIELD; SEAWEED; BIOENERGY; BIOFUELS; CULTIVATION; PLANT; POWER AB In the coming decades, developing countries will be responsible for significant increases in liquid fuel demand. There is an urgent need to develop alternative, preferably carbon-neutral, transportation fuels to supplement limited fossil fuel resources and minimize undesirable climatic change. While biofuels present a promising alternative to fossil fuels, sustainable biorefinery process design remains challenging. Efficiencies of scale realized by large centralized facilities are offset by increased feedstock collection and fuel distribution logistical costs. In this work, we use a thermodynamic balance approach to derive the optimal serviced territory size for a single biorefinery. We find that the optimal size decreases with increasing population density and per capita fuel consumption. We propose a modular, scalable, and sustainable biorefinery design based on the marine macro algae Ulva sp. To demonstrate the design principal, we provide an example marine biorefinery design for a coastal town of 20,000 inhabitants in rural India. Beyond basic biorefinery design, we consider biorefinery integration into distributed power sources and environmental impacts. C1 [Golberg, A.] Harvard Univ, Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Sch Med, Ctr Engn Med, Boston, MA 02114 USA. [Golberg, A.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Surg, Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Golberg, A.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mech Engn, Berkeley, CA USA. [Linshiz, G.; Hillson, N. J.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Joint BioEnergy Inst, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Golberg, A (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Sch Med, Ctr Engn Med, Boston, MA 02114 USA. EM agolberg@gmail.com; gregory.linshiz@gmail.com; kamrik@gmail.com; alex.che.57@gmail.com; njhillson@lbl.gov NR 44 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 978-0-7918-4522-6 PY 2013 BP 493 EP 501 PG 9 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Mechanical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA BC1GD UT WOS:000350070400056 ER PT B AU Omitaomu, OA Bhaduri, BL Maness, CS Kodysh, JB Noranzyk, AM AF Omitaomu, O. A. Bhaduri, B. L. Maness, C. S. Kodysh, J. B. Noranzyk, A. M. GP ASME TI CONNECT: DATAANALYTICS FOR ENERGY EFFICIENT COMMUNITIES SO INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL ENGINEERING CONGRESS AND EXPOSITION - 2012, VOL 6, PTS A AND B LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT ASME International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition CY NOV 09-15, 2012 CL Houston, TX SP ASME ID EMPIRICAL MODE DECOMPOSITION; HILBERT-HUANG TRANSFORM; TIME-SERIES ANALYSIS; SPECTRUM AB Energy efficiency is the lowest cost option being promoted for achieving a sustainable energy policy. Thus, there have been some innovations to reduce residential and commercial energy usage. There have also been calls to the utility companies to give customers access to timely, useful, and actionable information about their energy use, in order to unleash additional innovations in homes and businesses. Hence, some web-based tools have been developed for the public to access and compare energy usage data. In order to advance on these efforts, we propose a data analytics framework called Citizen Engagement for Energy Efficient Communities (CoNNECT). On the one hand, CoNNECT will help households to understand (i) the patterns in their energy consumption over time and how those patterns correlate with.weather data, (ii) how their monthly consumption compares to other households living in houses of similar size and age within the same geographic areas, and (iii) what other customers are doing to reduce their energy consumption. We hope that the availability of such data and analysis to the public will facilitate energy efficiency efforts in residential buildings. These capabilities formed the public portal of the CoNNECT framework. On the other hand, CoNNECT will help the utility companies to better understand their customers by making available to the utilities additional datasets that they naturally do not have access to, which could help them develop focused services for their customers. These additional capabilities are parts of the utility portal of the CoNNECT framework. In this paper, we describe the CoNNECT framework, the sources of the data used in its development, the functionalities of both the public and utility portals, and the application of empirical mode decomposition for decomposing usage signals into mode functions with the hope that such mode functions could help in clustering customer's into unique groups and in developing guidelines for energy conservation. C1 [Omitaomu, O. A.; Bhaduri, B. L.; Maness, C. S.; Kodysh, J. B.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Noranzyk, A. M.] Clemson Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Clemson, SC 29631 USA. RP Omitaomu, OA (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM omitaomuoa@ornl.gov; bhaduribl@ornl.gov; manesscs1@ornl.gov; kodyshjb@ornl.gov; anoranz@g.clemson.edu NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 978-0-7918-4522-6 PY 2013 BP 559 EP 569 PG 11 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Mechanical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA BC1GD UT WOS:000350070400063 ER PT B AU Bamberger, JA AF Bamberger, Judith Ann GP ASME TI INVESTIGATION OF EARLY DRY AND WET/DRY COOLING STUDIES SO INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL ENGINEERING CONGRESS AND EXPOSITION - 2012, VOL 6, PTS A AND B LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT ASME International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition CY NOV 09-15, 2012 CL Houston, TX SP ASME AB In mid 1974, The U.S. Atomic Energy Commission initiated the Dry Cooling Tower Program to provide the technology to support the increased use of dry cooling for central power stations. The purpose of the program was to provide solutions to existing problems of dry cooling and the development and demonstration of new dry cooling concepts. The program included input from utilities, architect engineers, dry cooling system vendors and others involved in technology development. This paper focuses on initial studies conducted at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory to investigate dry and wet/dry cooling concepts to develop economic and performance models for cost optimization of total heat rejection systems using dry and wet/dry cooling to provide a compilation of studies and results. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Bamberger, JA (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM Judith.Bamberger@pnnl.gov NR 55 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 978-0-7918-4522-6 PY 2013 BP 743 EP 749 PG 7 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Mechanical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA BC1GD UT WOS:000350070400083 ER PT B AU Smith, C AF Smith, Curtis GP ASME TI COUNTING FAILURE EVENTS FOR A SUPPORT SYSTEM SO INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL ENGINEERING CONGRESS AND EXPOSITION - 2012, VOL 6, PTS A AND B LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT ASME International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition CY NOV 09-15, 2012 CL Houston, TX SP ASME AB An initiating event is a departure from a desired operational envelope to a system state where a control response is required either by human or machine intervention. In the case of a support system such as a cooling water or electrical distribution system, failure of this system represents the departure from normal operating conditions. Initiating event frequencies for probabilistic risk assessments are generally based on data collection. For rare, but potentially high consequence initiators representing the failure of support systems, this approach has a number of shortcomings. For example, since events are rare, there may not be any complete system failure events in the available data sets. Consequently, there is a desire to model system failures of initiating events since component-level failure events in the support systems are more frequent. Therefore, what is needed is a suitable method for calculating the initiating event frequency (expected number of system failures over some operating mission) from the relatively well known component failure rates. In this paper, we explore ways to develop and quantify models that represent the rates of failures for support systems. These failures of repairable systems can be represented by focusing on observables. Specifically, we can either count the number of failures in time t or count the times of failure. As part of the analysis, we will describe and evaluate a couple of typical redundant support systems. Included in the analysis will be considerations of dependent failure mechanisms. C1 Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. RP Smith, C (reprint author), Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 978-0-7918-4522-6 PY 2013 BP 757 EP 762 PG 6 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Mechanical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA BC1GD UT WOS:000350070400085 ER PT B AU Harvego, EA O'Brien, JE McKellar, MG AF Harvego, Edwin A. O'Brien, James E. McKellar, Michael G. GP ASME TI SYSTEM EVALUATION AND LIFE-CYCLE COST ANALYSIS OF A COMMERCIAL-SCALE HIGH-TEMPERATURE ELECTROLYSIS HYDROGEN PRODUCTION PLANT SO INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL ENGINEERING CONGRESS AND EXPOSITION - 2012, VOL 6, PTS A AND B LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT ASME International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition CY NOV 09-15, 2012 CL Houston, TX SP ASME AB Results of a system evaluation and lifecycle cost analysis are presented for a commercial-scale high-temperature electrolysis (HTE) central hydrogen production plant. The plant design relies on grid electricity to power the electrolysis process and system components, and industrial natural gas to provide process heat. The HYSYS process analysis software was used to evaluate the reference central plant design capable of producing 50,000 kg/day of hydrogen. The HYSYS software performs mass and energy balances across all components to allow optimized of the design using a detailed process flow sheet and realistic operating conditions specified the analyst. The lifecycle cost analysis was performed using the H2A analysis methodology developed by the Department of Energy (DOE) Hydrogen Program. This methodology utilizes Microsoft Excel spreadsheet analysis tools that require detailed plant performance information (obtained from HYSYS), along with financial and cost information to calculate lifecycle costs. The results of the lifecycle analyses indicate that for a 10% internal rate of return, a large central commercial-scale hydrogen production plant can produce 50,000 kg/day of hydrogen at an average cost of $2.68/kg. When the cost of carbon sequestration is taken into account, the average cost of hydrogen production increases by $0.40/kg to $3.08/kg. C1 [Harvego, Edwin A.; O'Brien, James E.; McKellar, Michael G.] Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. RP Harvego, EA (reprint author), Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 978-0-7918-4522-6 PY 2013 BP 875 EP 884 PG 10 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Mechanical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA BC1GD UT WOS:000350070400100 ER PT B AU Conder, TE Skifton, RS Budwig, RS AF Conder, Thomas E. Skifton, Richard S. Budwig, Ralph S. GP ASME TI PARTICLE IMAGE VELOCIMETRY MEASUREMENTS IN A REPRESENTATIVE GAS-COOLED PRISMATIC REACTOR CORE MODEL: FLOW IN THE COOLANT CHANNELS AND INTERSTITIAL BYPASS GAPS SO INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL ENGINEERING CONGRESS AND EXPOSITION - 2012, VOL 6, PTS A AND B LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT ASME International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition CY NOV 09-15, 2012 CL Houston, TX SP ASME AB Core bypass flow is one of the key issues with the prismatic Gas Turbine-Modular Helium Reactor, and it refers to the coolant that navigates through the interstitial passages between the graphite fuel blocks instead of traveling through the designated coolant channels. To determine the bypass flow, a double scale representative model was manufactured and installed in the Matched Index-of-Refraction flow facility; after which, stereo Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) was employed to measure the flow field within. PIV images were analyzed to produce vector maps, and flow rates were calculated by numerically integrating the velocity field. It was found that the bypass flow varied between 6.9-15.8% for channel Reynolds numbers of 1,746 and 4,618 with a 6mm gap. The results were compared to computational fluid dynamic (CFD) pre-test simulations. When compared to these pretest calculations, the CFD analysis appeared to under predict the flow through the gap. C1 [Conder, Thomas E.] Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. RP Conder, TE (reprint author), Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 978-0-7918-4522-6 PY 2013 BP 1291 EP 1300 PG 10 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Mechanical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA BC1GD UT WOS:000350070400141 ER PT B AU Ozaltun, H Miller, SJ AF Ozaltun, Hakan Miller, Samuel J. GP ASME TI FINITE ELEMENT SIMULATIONS OF MONOLITHIC PLATES FOR THE CONVERSION OF HIGH PERFORMANCE RESEARCH AND TEST REACTORS: NBSR, MITR, MURR AND AFIP SO INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL ENGINEERING CONGRESS AND EXPOSITION - 2012, VOL 6, PTS A AND B LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT ASME International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition CY NOV 09-15, 2012 CL Houston, TX SP ASME DE Hot Isostatic Pressing; Thermal Annealing; Irradiation ID MO ALLOYS; FUEL AB This article presents evaluation of the stress-strain characteristics of U10Mo alloy based monolithic fuel plates for the conversion of high power research and test reactors. Monolithic plate-type fuel is a new fuel form being developed to achieve higher uranium densities within the reactor core to allow the use of low-enriched uranium fuel in high performance reactors. For this work, irradiation behavior of four different reactor plates (NBSR, MURR, MITR and AFIP plates) with different foil and cladding geometries were benchmarked against each other. For each plate, three distinct cases were considered: (1) fabrication induced residual stresses (2) thermal cycling of fabricated plates and finally (3) mechanical behavior under proposed irradiation conditions. Given that the temperatures approach the melting point of the cladding during the fabrication and thermal cycling, high temperature material properties were incorporated to improve accuracy. Residual stress fields due to the fabrication process (Hot Isostatic Pressing) were computed first. Solutions of fabrication simulations were used as initial states for the irradiation and thermal cycling simulations. For the thermal cycling simulation, an elasto-plastic material model with thermal creep was used. The transient irradiation behavior was formulated by a fully coupled thermal-structural interaction. Temperature fields on the plates were used to compute the thermal stresses. Volumetric swelling and irradiation creep of the foil were considered. The irradiation analysis showed that the stresses evolve rapidly in the reactor. It was found that the stress field of the fuel elements is dependent on the plate geometry, especially the foil thickness. Furthermore, the foil-cladding thickness ratio is the determining factor for the mechanical behavior. The compressive stresses of the foil are reduced with an increasing foil-cladding thickness ratio. The cladding deformation becomes severe for the plates with thicker foils. C1 [Ozaltun, Hakan; Miller, Samuel J.] Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. RP Ozaltun, H (reprint author), Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. EM Hakan.Ozaltun@inl.gov NR 27 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 978-0-7918-4522-6 PY 2013 BP 1301 EP 1321 PG 21 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Mechanical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA BC1GD UT WOS:000350070400142 ER PT B AU Miller, SJ Ozaltun, H AF Miller, Samuel J. Ozaltun, Hakan GP ASME TI EVALUATION OF U10MO FUEL PLATE IRRADIATION BEHAVIOR VIA NUMERICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL BENCHMARKING SO INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL ENGINEERING CONGRESS AND EXPOSITION - 2012, VOL 6, PTS A AND B LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT ASME International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition CY NOV 09-15, 2012 CL Houston, TX SP ASME ID POLYCRYSTALLINE URANIUM-DIOXIDE; TEMPERATURE CREEP; ALLOYS; DEPENDENCE; MODEL AB This article analyzes dimensional changes due to irradiation of monolithic plate-type nuclear fuel and compares results with finite element analysis of the plates during fabrication and irradiation. Monolithic fuel plates tested in the Advanced Test Reactor (ATR) at Idaho National Lab (INL) are being used to benchmark the performance of proposed fuel for several high power research reactors. Post-irradiation metallographic images of plates sectioned at the mid-plane were analyzed to determine dimensional changes of the fuel and the cladding response. A constitutive model of the fabrication process and irradiation behavior of the tested plates was developed using the general purpose commercial finite element analysis package, ABAQUS. Using calculated burn-up profiles of irradiated plates to model the power distribution and including irradiation behaviors such as swelling and irradiation enhanced creep, model simulations allow analysis of plate parameters that are either impossible or infeasible in an experimental setting. The development and progression of fabrication induced stress concentrations at the plate edges was of primary interest, as these locations have a unique stress profile during irradiation. Additionally, comparison between 2D and 3D models was performed to optimize analysis methodology. In particular, the ability of 2D and 3D models to account for out of plane stresses which result in 3-dimensional creep behavior that is a product of these components. Results show that assumptions made in 2D models for the out-of-plane stresses and strains cannot capture the 3-dimensional physics accurately and thus 2D approximations are not representative. Stress-strain fields are dependent on plate geometry and irradiation conditions, thus, if stress based criteria is used to predict plate behavior (as opposed to material impurities, fine micro-structural defects, or sharp power gradients), unique 3D finite element formulation for each plate is required. C1 [Miller, Samuel J.; Ozaltun, Hakan] Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. RP Miller, SJ (reprint author), Idaho Natl Lab, POB 1625, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. NR 56 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 978-0-7918-4522-6 PY 2013 BP 1323 EP 1336 PG 14 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Mechanical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA BC1GD UT WOS:000350070400143 ER PT B AU Ozaltun, H Miller, SJ AF Ozaltun, Hakan Miller, Samuel J. GP ASME TI EVALUATION OF BLISTER BEHAVIOR FOR U10MO MINI FUEL PLATES WITH COLD ROLLED FOILS SO INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL ENGINEERING CONGRESS AND EXPOSITION - 2012, VOL 6, PTS A AND B LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT ASME International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition CY NOV 09-15, 2012 CL Houston, TX SP ASME DE Cold rolling; Hot Isostatic Pressing; Irradiation; Blister AB This article aims to provide possible mechanical causes for the lowered blister temperatures of RERTR-12 and AFIP-4 fuel plates. Recent experimental investigations to determine the blister threshold temperatures have indicated lower thresholds for similar plates with comparable burn-up histories. Measured blister temperatures of roughly 100 degrees C lower compared to the previously tested plates may not be satisfactory for some plates. The primary differences between recent experiments and previous tests are: (1) An aggressive cold work process involving large thickness reduction ratios without normalization or full annealing (2) Subjecting the plates to a thermal cycling process prior to irradiation, and finally (3) A primarily frontal neutron flux as opposed to a transverse flux profile. It is believed that the stress field has implications to blister behavior. To investigate this claim, the stress-strain states for the fabrication procedure were evaluated. First, the residual stress profile caused by the cold rolling process was calculated. Modeling of the cold rolling process has shown confirmation of residual stresses of considerable magnitude and the existence of stress gradients with respect to foil thickness prior to the HIP process. Once calculated, these stress profiles were used as an initial condition for the fabrication process. Due to the variation in stress fields depending on location at which a foil is cut from the cold rolled plate, three representative regions were selected and implemented in the HIP simulation. Variation in stresses, depending on location of the cold rolled plate as well and variation in the through-thickness, results in a wide range of mechanical stress states. This suggests that inhomogeneous irradiation and thermal cycling behavior will result from the use of cold rolled foils. Additionally, these results suggest that there will be fundamental differences in fuel plate behavior observed between plates fabricated with cold rolled foils versus hot rolled and fully annealed foils. C1 [Ozaltun, Hakan; Miller, Samuel J.] Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. RP Ozaltun, H (reprint author), Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. EM Hakan.Ozaltun@inl.gov NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 978-0-7918-4522-6 PY 2013 BP 1337 EP 1345 PG 9 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Mechanical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA BC1GD UT WOS:000350070400144 ER PT B AU Omitaomu, OA Kodysh, JB Bhaduri, BL AF Omitaomu, O. A. Kodysh, J. B. Bhaduri, B. L. GP ASME TI MODELING AND ANALYSIS OF SOLAR RADIATION POTENTIALS ON BUILDING ROOFTOPS SO INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL ENGINEERING CONGRESS AND EXPOSITION - 2012, VOL 6, PTS A AND B LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT ASME International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition CY NOV 09-15, 2012 CL Houston, TX SP ASME ID ARTIFICIAL NEURAL-NETWORKS; PARAMETERS AB commercial districts into small, localized power plants. This application, however, relies heavily on an accurate estimation of the amount of solar radiation that is available on individual building rooftops. While many solar energy maps exist at higher spatial resolution for concentrated solar energy applications, the data from these maps are not suitable for roof-mounted photovoltaic for several reasons, including lack of data at the appropriate spatial resolution and lack of integration of building-specific characteristics into the models used to generate the maps. To address this problem, we have developed a modeling framework for estimating solar radiation potentials on individual building rooftops that is suitable for utility-scale applications as well as building-specific applications. The framework uses light detection and ranging (LIDAR) data at approximately 1-meter horizontal resolution and 0.3-meter vertical resolution as input for modeling a large number of buildings quickly. One of the strengths of this framework is the ability to parallelize its implementation. Furthermore, the framework accounts for building specific characteristics, such as roof slope, roof aspect, and shadowing effects, that are critical to roof-mounted photovoltaic systems. The resulting data has helped us to identify the so-called "solar panel sweet spots" on individual building rooftops and obtain accurate statistics of the variation in solar radiation as a function of time of year and geographical location. C1 [Omitaomu, O. A.; Kodysh, J. B.; Bhaduri, B. L.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Omitaomu, OA (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM omitaomuoa@ornl.gov; kodyshjb@ornl.gov; bhaduribl@ornl.gov NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 978-0-7918-4522-6 PY 2013 BP 1681 EP 1686 PG 6 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Mechanical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA BC1GD UT WOS:000350070400181 ER PT B AU Littlewood, DJ Mish, K Pierson, K AF Littlewood, David J. Mish, Kyran Pierson, Kendall GP ASME TI PERIDYNAMIC SIMULATION OF DAMAGE EVOLUTION FOR STRUCTURAL HEALTH MONITORING SO INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL ENGINEERING CONGRESS AND EXPOSITION - 2012, VOL 8 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT ASME International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition CY NOV 09-15, 2012 CL Houston, TX SP ASME ID ELASTICITY THEORY; SOLID MECHANICS AB Modal-based methods for structural health monitoring require the identification of characteristic frequencies associated with a structure's primary modes of failure. A major difficulty is the extraction of damage-related frequency shifts from the large set of often benign frequency shifts observed experimentally. In this study, we apply peridynamics in combination with modal analysis for the prediction of characteristic frequency shifts throughout the damage evolution process. Peridynamics, a nonlocal extension of continuum mechanics, is unique in its ability to capture progressive material damage. The application of modal analysis to peridynamic models enables the tracking of structural modes and characteristic frequencies over the course of a simulation. Shifts in characteristic frequencies resulting from evolving structural damage can then be isolated and utilized in the. analysis of frequency responses observed experimentally. We present a methodology for quasi-static peridynamic analyses, including the solution of the eigenvalue problem for identification of structural modes. Repeated solution of the eigenvalue problem over the course of a transient simulation yields a data set from which critical shifts in modal frequencies can be isolated. The application of peridynamics to modal analysis is demonstrated on the benchmark problem of a simply-supported beam. The computed natural frequencies of an undamaged beam are found to agree well with the classical local solution. Analyses in the presence of cracks of various lengths are shown to reveal frequency shifts associated with structural damage. C1 [Littlewood, David J.; Mish, Kyran; Pierson, Kendall] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Littlewood, DJ (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800,MS 1322, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM djlittl@sandia.gov NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 978-0-7918-4524-0 PY 2013 BP 1 EP 8 PG 8 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Materials Science GA BC1GF UT WOS:000350070600001 ER PT B AU Barbier, C Jenner, E D'Urso, B AF Barbier, Charlotte Jenner, Elliot D'Urso, Brian GP ASME TI DRAG REDUCTION WITH SUPERHYDROPHOBIC RIBLETS SO INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL ENGINEERING CONGRESS AND EXPOSITION - 2012, VOL 8 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT ASME International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition CY NOV 09-15, 2012 CL Houston, TX SP ASME ID DIRECT NUMERICAL-SIMULATION; SKIN-FRICTION DRAG; FLOW; LAYER AB Samples combining riblets and superhydrophobic surfaces are fabricated at University of Pittsburgh and their drag reduction properties are studied at the Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences (CNMS) in Oak Ridge National Laboratory with a commercial cone-and-plate rheometer. In parallel to the experiments, numerical simulations are performed in order to estimate the slip length at high rotational speed. For each sample, a drag reduction of at least 5% is observed in both laminar and turbulent regime. At low rotational speed, drag reduction up to 30% is observed with a I mm deep grooved sample. As the rotational speed increases, a secondary flow develops causing a slight decrease in drag reductions. However drag reduction above 15% is still observed for the large grooved samples. In the turbulent regime, the 100 ium grooved sample becomes more efficient than the other samples in drag reduction and manages to sustain a drag reduction above 15%. Using the simulations, the slip length of the 100 itm grooved sample is estimated to be slightly above 100 Am in the turbulent regime. C1 [Barbier, Charlotte] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Computat Sci & Engn Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Jenner, Elliot; D'Urso, Brian] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Phys & Astron, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. RP Barbier, C (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Computat Sci & Engn Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 978-0-7918-4524-0 PY 2013 BP 199 EP 205 PG 7 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Materials Science GA BC1GF UT WOS:000350070600026 ER PT B AU Hogan, AL Ford, KR Harvey, IR AF Hogan, Alexander L. Ford, Kurtis R. Harvey, Ian R. GP ASME TI OUT-OF-PLANE MEMS ACTUATION USING A SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPE SO INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL ENGINEERING CONGRESS AND EXPOSITION - 2012, VOL 9, PTS A AND B LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT ASME International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition CY NOV 09-15, 2012 CL Houston, TX SP ASME AB In the world of micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS) R&D efforts are expended creating new means of actuation, usually trading either force or displacement. In our scheme we pump charge into an electrically isolated conductive system with a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) to achieve a net force away from the substrate. Though we observe a highly dynamic response, we have approximated the force of the system with a quasi-static mechanical force sensor. The study of this actuation has focused on a spiral spring fabricated in Sandia Ultra-planar Multi-level MEMS Technology (SUMMiT-V (TM)). Experiments show the effect of SEM beam conditions on this device, most notably finding the operation to begin at 5 keV accelerating voltage, where our Monte Carlo simulation predicts the beam will begin penetrating the 0.3 mu M thick polySi. The out-of-plane motion has been measured as high as 220 gin which is approximately 2/3 of the diameter of the 2D spiral. A linear elastic model of the force sensor shows that in mechanical equilibrium the deflection is associated with an equivalent uniform pressure up to 90 Pa. C1 [Hogan, Alexander L.] Univ Utah, Dept Elect Engn, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. [Ford, Kurtis R.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Harvey, Ian R.] Univ Utah, Dept Mech Engn, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. RP Hogan, AL (reprint author), Univ Utah, Dept Elect Engn, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 978-0-7918-4525-7 PY 2013 BP 175 EP 185 PG 11 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics GA BC1ZR UT WOS:000350613200029 ER PT B AU Alaie, S Goettler, DF Abbas, K El-Kady, I Leseman, ZC AF Alaie, Seyedhamidreza Goettler, Drew F. Abbas, Khawar El-Kady, Ihab Leseman, Zayd C. GP ASME TI MEASUREMENT OF IN-PLANE THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY USING SUSPENDED SiNx ISLANDS SO INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL ENGINEERING CONGRESS AND EXPOSITION - 2012, VOL 9, PTS A AND B LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT ASME International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition CY NOV 09-15, 2012 CL Houston, TX SP ASME ID SILICON FILMS; NANOWIRES AB In order to measure in-plane thermal conductivity, electrical resistivity, and Seebeck Coefficient of Phononic Crystals (PnCs) a micro device is designed and fabricated to host different nano-scale samples. The device is comprised of two SiNx suspended membranes with patterned by Pt on top and covered by AIN. The Pt deposited on these two membranes or islands are dual-purpose temperature sensors and heaters. One side of a sample can be attached to each of the two islands. In this way 1-D heat flow can be established in the material to be tested. Covering the islands with AIN enhances the uniformity of temperature on each sensor. Moreover, AIN is an excellent electrical insulator, and it protects the platinum sensors from different sources of doping such as gallium ions used for patterning, depositing, mounting, or demounting different samples on the islands. This ensures the thermo-electric properties of the sensors on the platform do not change after each measurement. Using this design, it is demonstrated that one platform can be used for measurement of a silicon slab and then a separate measurement of a 1-D PnC fabricated from the same sample. The 1-D PnC had a Si-W structure that was fabricated using a Focused Ion Beam (FIB) and a Gas Injection System (GIS) capable of depositing W. C1 [Alaie, Seyedhamidreza; Goettler, Drew F.; Abbas, Khawar; Leseman, Zayd C.] Univ New Mexico, Dept Mech Engn, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [El-Kady, Ihab] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Alaie, S (reprint author), Univ New Mexico, Dept Mech Engn, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. EM alaie@unm.edu; goettled@unm.edu; kabbas@unm.edu; ielkady@sandia.gov; zleseman@unm.edu NR 22 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 978-0-7918-4525-7 PY 2013 BP 611 EP 615 PG 5 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics GA BC1ZR UT WOS:000350613200087 ER PT B AU Jiang, H Wang, JAJ Ren, F Lee, D Chan, J Sibilant, G AF Jiang, Hao Wang, Jy-An John Ren, Fei Lee, Dominic Chan, John Sibilant, Gary GP ASME TI INTEGRITY STUDY OF ACSR AND ACSS TWO STAGE SPLICE CONNECTORS AT HIGH OPERATION TEMPERATURES SO INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL ENGINEERING CONGRESS AND EXPOSITION - 2012, VOL 9, PTS A AND B LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT ASME International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition CY NOV 09-15, 2012 CL Houston, TX SP ASME DE ACSR; ACSS; Two-stage splice connector; Power transmission lines; Reliability; High temperature AB Due to material discontinuity and inherited forming mechanism, the conductor-connector system of a crimped-type splice connector is highly sensitive to aging of system components, especially during high-temperature operations. Furthermore, due to the increase in power demand and limited investment in new infrastructure, existing overhead power transmission lines often need to operate at temperatures higher than the original designed values. This has led to the accelerated aging and degradation of conductorconnector systems. The implications of connector aging are two-fold: (1) significant increase in electric resistivity of the splice connector and (2) significant reduction in the connector clamping strength. Therefore, splice connectors are one of the weakest links in the electric power transmission infrastructure. The integrity of crimped-type splice connectors is one major concern in the efficiency and reliability of power transmission system. In this paper we present results from high temperature integrity studies of two-stage splice connector systems used for both ACSR and ACSS transmission conductors. The forming process and thermal cycling degradation behaviour are simulated using finite element modeling, which shows good agreement with degradation trends obtained from experimental data. A numerical simulation protocol has been developed to provide guidance in predicting the effective lifetime of ACSR and ACSS splice connector systems. C1 [Jiang, Hao; Wang, Jy-An John; Ren, Fei; Lee, Dominic] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. [Chan, John; Sibilant, Gary] Elect Power Res Inst, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA. RP Jiang, H (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, 1 Bethel Valley Rd, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. EM Wangja@ornl.gov RI Jiang, Hao/J-9343-2016 OI Jiang, Hao/0000-0002-3292-9338 NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 978-0-7918-4525-7 PY 2013 BP 837 EP 844 PG 8 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics GA BC1ZR UT WOS:000350613200120 ER PT B AU Hu, R Mun, ED Ryan, DH Cho, K Kim, H Hodovanets, H Straszheim, WE Tanatar, MA Prozorov, R Rowan-Weetaluktuk, WN Cadogan, JM Altarawneh, MM Mielke, CH Zapf, VS Bud'ko, SL Canfield, PC AF Hu, R. Mun, E. D. Ryan, D. H. Cho, K. Kim, H. Hodovanets, H. Straszheim, W. E. Tanatar, M. A. Prozorov, R. Rowan-Weetaluktuk, W. N. Cadogan, J. M. Altarawneh, M. M. Mielke, C. H. Zapf, V. S. Bud'ko, S. L. Canfield, P. C. BE Wang, NL Hosono, H Dai, P TI Synthesis and Physical Properties of the New Potassium Iron Selenide Superconductor K0.80Fe1.76Se2 SO IRON-BASED SUPERCONDUCTORS: MATERIALS, PROPERTIES AND MECHANISMS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID HIGH-FIELD SUPERCONDUCTORS; MAGNETIC PHASE-DIAGRAM; SINGLE-CRYSTALS; PENETRATION DEPTH; MOSSBAUER; SPECTROSCOPY; TEMPERATURE; ANISOTROPY; PRESSURE; FE7SE8 C1 [Hu, R.; Kim, H.; Hodovanets, H.; Prozorov, R.; Bud'ko, S. L.; Canfield, P. C.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Hu, R.; Cho, K.; Kim, H.; Hodovanets, H.; Straszheim, W. E.; Tanatar, M. A.; Prozorov, R.; Bud'ko, S. L.; Canfield, P. C.] US DOE, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Mun, E. D.; Altarawneh, M. M.; Mielke, C. H.; Zapf, V. S.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl High Magnet Field Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. [Ryan, D. H.; Rowan-Weetaluktuk, W. N.] McGill Univ, Dept Phys, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada. [Ryan, D. H.; Rowan-Weetaluktuk, W. N.] McGill Univ, Ctr Phys Mat, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada. [Cadogan, J. M.] Univ Manitoba, Dept Phys & Astron, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada. RP Canfield, PC (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM canfield@ameslab.gov NR 88 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PAN STANFORD PUBLISHING PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA PENTHOUSE LEVEL, SUNTEC TOWER 3, 8 TEMASEK BLVD, SINGAPORE, 038988, SINGAPORE BN 978-9-81-430323-1; 978-9-81-430322-4 PY 2013 BP 53 EP 87 PG 35 WC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Physics GA BG2IT UT WOS:000387409700003 ER PT B AU Hu, R Mun, ED Ryan, DH Cho, K Kim, H Hodovanets, H Straszheim, WE Tanatar, MA Prozorov, R Rowan-Weetaluktuk, WN Cadogan, JM Altarawneh, MM Mielke, CH Zapf, VS Bud'ko, SL Canfield, PC AF Hu, R. Mun, E. D. Ryan, D. H. Cho, K. Kim, H. Hodovanets, H. Straszheim, W. E. Tanatar, M. A. Prozorov, R. Rowan-Weetaluktuk, W. N. Cadogan, J. M. Altarawneh, M. M. Mielke, C. H. Zapf, V. S. Bud'ko, S. L. Canfield, P. C. BE Wang, NL Hosono, H Dai, P TI Synthesis and Physical Properties of the New Potassium Iron Selenide Superconductor K0.80Fe1.76Se2 SO IRON-BASED SUPERCONDUCTORS: MATERIALS, PROPERTIES, AND MECHANISMS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID HIGH-FIELD SUPERCONDUCTORS; MAGNETIC PHASE-DIAGRAM; SINGLE-CRYSTALS; PENETRATION DEPTH; MOSSBAUER; SPECTROSCOPY; TEMPERATURE; ANISOTROPY; PRESSURE; FE7SE8 AB In this chapter, we review our studies of the K0.80Fe1.76Se2 superconductor, with an attempt to elucidate the crystal growth details and basic physical properties over a wide range of temperatures and applied magnetic field, including anisotropic magnetic and electrical transport properties, thermodynamic, London penetration depth, magneto-optical imaging and Mossbauer measurements. We find that: (i) Single crystals of similar stoichiometry can be grown both by furnace-cooled and decanted methods; (ii) Single crystalline K0.80Fe1.76Se2 shows moderate anisotropy in both magnetic susceptibility and electrical resistivity and a small modulation of stoichiometry of the crystal, which gives rise to broadened transitions; (iii) The upper critical field, Hc(2)(T) is degrees similar to 55 T at 2 K for H similar to c, manifesting a temperature dependent anisotropy that peaks near 3.6 at 27 K and drops to 2.5 by 18 K; (iv) Mossbauer measurements reveal that the iron sublattice in K0.80Fe1.76Se2 clearly exhibits magnetic order, probably of the first order, from well below T-c to its Neel temperature of TN = 532 similar to 2 K. It is very important to note that, although, at first glance there is an apparent dilemma posed by these data: high T c superconductivity in a near insulating, large ordered moment material, analysis indicates that the sample may well consist of two phases with the minority superconducting phase (that does not exhibit magnetic order) being finely distributed, but connected with in an antiferromagnetic, poorly conducting, matrix, essentially making a superconducting aerogel. C1 [Hu, R.; Kim, H.; Hodovanets, H.; Prozorov, R.; Bud'ko, S. L.; Canfield, P. C.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Hu, R.; Cho, K.; Kim, H.; Hodovanets, H.; Straszheim, W. E.; Tanatar, M. A.; Prozorov, R.; Bud'ko, S. L.; Canfield, P. C.] US DOE, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Mun, E. D.; Altarawneh, M. M.; Mielke, C. H.; Zapf, V. S.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl High Magnet Field Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. [Ryan, D. H.; Rowan-Weetaluktuk, W. N.] McGill Univ, Dept Phys, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada. [Ryan, D. H.; Rowan-Weetaluktuk, W. N.] McGill Univ, Ctr Phys Mat, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada. [Cadogan, J. M.] Univ Manitoba, Dept Phys & Astron, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada. RP Hu, R (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM canfield@ameslab.gov RI Canfield, Paul/H-2698-2014 NR 88 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU PAN STANFORD PUBLISHING PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA PENTHOUSE LEVEL, SUNTEC TOWER 3, 8 TEMASEK BLVD, SINGAPORE, 038988, SINGAPORE BN 978-981-4303-23-1; 978-981-4303-22-4 PY 2013 BP 53 EP 87 PG 35 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA BJH51 UT WOS:000328223400003 ER PT J AU LaBarge, MA Garbe, JC Stampfer, MR AF LaBarge, Mark A. Garbe, James C. Stampfer, Martha R. TI Processing of Human Reduction Mammoplasty and Mastectomy Tissues for Cell Culture SO JOVE-JOURNAL OF VISUALIZED EXPERIMENTS LA English DT Article DE Cancer Biology; Issue 71; Medicine; Anatomy; Physiology; Cellular Biology; Tissue Culture; Tissue Engineering; Oncology; Human mammary epithelial cell culture; reduction mammoplasty; mastectomy; breast cancer; tumor; cancer; matrigel; cell culture AB Experimental examination of normal human mammary epithelial cell (HMEC) behavior, and how normal cells acquire abnormal properties, can be facilitated by in vitro culture systems that more accurately model in vivo biology. The use of human derived material for studying cellular differentiation, aging, senescence, and immortalization is particularly advantageous given the many significant molecular differences in these properties between human and commonly utilized rodent cells(1-2). Mammary cells present a convenient model system because large quantities of normal and abnormal tissues are available due to the frequency of reduction mammoplasty and mastectomy surgeries. The mammary gland consists of a complex admixture of many distinct cell types, e.g., epithelial, adipose, mesenchymal, endothelial. The epithelial cells are responsible for the differentiated mammary function of lactation, and are also the origin of the vast majority of human breast cancers. We have developed methods to process mammary gland surgical discard tissues into pure epithelial components as well as mesenchymal cells(3). The processed material can be stored frozen indefinitely, or initiated into primary culture. Surgical discard material is transported to the laboratory and manually dissected to enrich for epithelial containing tissue. Subsequent digestion of the dissected tissue using collagenase and hyaluronidase strips stromal material from the epithelia at the basement membrane. The resulting small pieces of the epithelial tree (organoids) can be separated from the digested stroma by sequential filtration on membranes of fixed pore size. Depending upon pore size, fractions can be obtained consisting of larger ductal/alveolar pieces, smaller alveolar clusters, or stromal cells. We have observed superior growth when cultures are initiated as organoids rather than as dissociated single cells. Placement of organoids in culture using low-stress inducing media supports long-term growth of normal HMEC with markers of multiple lineage types (myoepithelial, luminal, progenitor)(4-5). Sufficient numbers of cells can be obtained from one individual's tissue to allow extensive experimental examination using standardized cell batches, as well as interrogation using high throughput modalities. Cultured HMEC have been employed in a wide variety of studies examining the normal processes governing growth, differentiation, aging, and senescence, and how these normal processes are altered during immortal and malignant transformation(4-15,16). The effects of growth in the presence of extracellular matrix material, other cell types, and/or 3D culture can be compared with growth on plastic(5,15). Cultured HMEC, starting with normal cells, provide an experimentally tractable system to examine factors that may propel or prevent human aging and carcinogenesis. C1 [LaBarge, Mark A.; Garbe, James C.; Stampfer, Martha R.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Stampfer, MR (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM mrstampfer@lbl.gov FU NIA [R00AG033176, R01AG040081]; Laboratory Directed Research and Development, US Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX MAL, JCG, and MRS are supported by the NIA (R00AG033176 and R01AG040081) and by Laboratory Directed Research and Development, US Department of Energy contract# DE-AC02-05CH11231. NR 17 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU JOURNAL OF VISUALIZED EXPERIMENTS PI CAMBRIDGE PA 1 ALEWIFE CENTER, STE 200, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02140 USA SN 1940-087X J9 JOVE-J VIS EXP JI J. Vis. Exp. PD JAN PY 2013 IS 71 AR UNSP e50011 DI 10.3791/50011 PG 7 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA V36QO UT WOS:000209226200024 ER PT J AU Nikiforov, MP Darling, SB AF Nikiforov, Maxim P. Darling, Seth B. TI Concurrent Quantitative Conductivity and Mechanical Properties Measurements of Organic Photovoltaic Materials using AFM SO JOVE-JOURNAL OF VISUALIZED EXPERIMENTS LA English DT Article DE Materials Science; Issue 71; Nanotechnology; Mechanical Engineering; Electrical Engineering; Computer Science; Physics; electrical transport properties in solids; condensed matter physics; thin films (theory deposition and growth); conductivity (solid state); AFM; atomic force microscopy; electrical properties; mechanical properties; organic photovoltaics; microengineering; photovoltaics AB Organic photovoltaic (OPV) materials are inherently inhomogeneous at the nanometer scale. Nanoscale inhomogeneity of OPV materials affects performance of photovoltaic devices. Thus, understanding of spatial variations in composition as well as electrical properties of OPV materials is of paramount importance for moving PV technology forward.(1,2) In this paper, we describe a protocol for quantitative measurements of electrical and mechanical properties of OPV materials with sub-100 nm resolution. Currently, materials properties measurements performed using commercially available AFM-based techniques (PeakForce, conductive AFM) generally provide only qualitative information. The values for resistance as well as Young's modulus measured using our method on the prototypical ITO/PEDOT: PSS/P3HT: PC61BM system correspond well with literature data. The P3HT:PC61BM blend separates onto PC61BM-rich and P3HT-rich domains. Mechanical properties of PC61BM-rich and P3HT-rich domains are different, which allows for domain attribution on the surface of the film. Importantly, combining mechanical and electrical data allows for correlation of the domain structure on the surface of the film with electrical properties variation measured through the thickness of the film. C1 [Nikiforov, Maxim P.; Darling, Seth B.] Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Nanoscale Mat, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Darling, Seth B.] Univ Chicago, Inst Mol Engn, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. RP Nikiforov, MP (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Nanoscale Mat, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM maximnik@anl.gov FU Center for Nanoscale Materials, a U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences User Facility [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX MPN is grateful to the Director's Fellowship Program for financial support. MPN wants to thank Yu-Chih Tseng for help with development of the protocol for solar cell processing. This work was performed at the Center for Nanoscale Materials, a U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences User Facility under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. NR 28 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 10 PU JOURNAL OF VISUALIZED EXPERIMENTS PI CAMBRIDGE PA 1 ALEWIFE CENTER, STE 200, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02140 USA SN 1940-087X J9 JOVE-J VIS EXP JI J. Vis. Exp. PD JAN PY 2013 IS 71 AR UNSP e50293 DI 10.3791/50293 PG 8 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA V36QO UT WOS:000209226200053 ER PT B AU Shao, M Hu, B AF Shao, Ming Hu, Bin BE Gilmore, AM TI Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube-Based Solution-Processed Organic Optoelectronic Devices SO LUMINESCENCE: THE INSTRUMENTAL KEY TO THE FUTURE OF NANOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID LIGHT-EMITTING-DIODES; PHOTOVOLTAIC DEVICES; CONJUGATED POLYMERS; COMPOSITE; TRANSPARENT; LAYER; HETEROJUNCTION; DYNAMICS; BUFFER; FILMS C1 [Shao, Ming] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Nanophase Mat Sci, POB 2008,MS 6488, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Hu, Bin] Univ Tennessee, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RP Shao, M (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Nanophase Mat Sci, POB 2008,MS 6488, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM shaom@ornl.gov; bhu@utk.edu NR 36 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-981-4267-72-4; 978-981-4241-95-3 PY 2013 BP 115 EP 131 D2 10.1201/b15490 PG 17 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA BF6GD UT WOS:000383037900006 ER PT S AU Fischer, P AF Fischer, Peter BE Beaurepaire, E Bulou, H Joly, L Scheurer, F TI Magnetic imaging with polarized soft x-rays SO MAGNETISM AND SYNCHROTRON RADIATION: TOWARDS THE FOURTH GENERATION LIGHT SOURCES SE Springer Proceedings in Physics LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 6th International School on Synchrotron Radiation and Magnetism CY 2012 CL Mittelwihr, FRANCE ID CIRCULAR-DICHROISM; VORTEX CORES; MICROSCOPY; PERMALLOY; TOMOGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY; RESOLUTION; NANOSCALE; DYNAMICS; REVERSAL AB Magnetic imaging with polarized soft x-rays offers several advantages compared to other techniques, which are available to visualize magnetic structures and magnetic behavior on microscopic levels. The ultimate spatial resolution for soft x-ray techniques, i.e. the diffraction limit set by the wavelength, will be in the few nm regime. The temporal resolution, given by the length of a single x-ray pulse is at 3rd generation synchrotron sources in the sub 100 ps regime, but should reach out into the fs regime at next generation x-ray sources, where single shot imaging should become feasible due to a sufficiently large number of photons per single x-ray pulse. The interaction of polarized soft x-rays with magnetic (ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic) materials exhibits for element specific photon energies, which correspond to inner core electron binding energies significant magnetic cross sections. These magnetic dichroism effects serve as magnetic contrast mechanism for imaging and give quantitative information about magnetic ground state properties, such as magnetic spin and orbital moments. A full 3 dimensional information, specifically access to magnetic structures at interfaces can be obtained by imaging under certain geometries, as well as from computational magnetic tomography of 2 dimensional projection images. C1 [Fischer, Peter] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Ctr Xray Opt, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Fischer, P (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Ctr Xray Opt, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM PJFischer@lbl.gov FU Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Sciences and Engineering Division, of the U. S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05-CH11231] FX The author would like to thank all his colleagues, who contributed to the work presented here, in particular M.-Y. Im, W. Chao, and E.H. Anderson (CXRO), L. Bocklage, and G. Meier (U Hamburg), K. Yamada, K. Kobayashi, T. Ono (U Kyoto), T. Sato, Y. Nakatani (U Chofu), H. Kohno (U Osaka), A. Thiaville (U Paris-Sud) S. Kasai (NIMS Tsukuba), S.-K. Kim, H. Jung, D.-E. Jeong, Y.-S. Choi, Y.-S. Yu, D.S. Han (SNU, Seoul), K.-S. Lee (UNIST), C.S. Fadley, A. Gray, J. Kortright, and F. Hellman (MSD LBNL) and the staff of the ALS and CXRO for excellent support. This work was supported by the Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Sciences and Engineering Division, of the U. S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05-CH11231. NR 77 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER INT PUBLISHING AG PI CHAM PA GEWERBESTRASSE 11, CHAM, CH-6330, SWITZERLAND SN 0930-8989 BN 978-3-319-03032-6; 978-3-319-03031-9 J9 SPRINGER PROC PHYS PY 2013 VL 151 BP 155 EP 183 DI 10.1007/978-3-319-03032-6_5 PG 29 WC Physics, Applied; Spectroscopy SC Physics; Spectroscopy GA BG9JO UT WOS:000393325800005 ER PT J AU Cheng, YQ Ding, J Ma, E AF Cheng, Y. Q. Ding, J. Ma, E. TI Local Topology vs. Atomic-Level Stresses as a Measure of Disorder: Correlating Structural Indicators for Metallic Glasses SO MATERIALS RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Metallic Glasses; Structural Indicators; Structure-Property Relationship AB This brief overview presents a critical assessment of the choice of structural parameters that may be used to describe the degree of local order/disorder in metallic glasses (MGs) and to establish the relationship between the amorphous structure and the properties of an MG. By summarizing our own quantitative analysis of representative MG models, we compare, and relate to one another, several measures of structural disorder in amorphous alloys, including the topology of quasi-equivalent clusters, the concept of free volume, and the atomic-level stresses. The model systems used for demonstrating the correlations are characterized by two different and prototypical types of short-range order (SRO):a Cu64Zr36 MG exhibiting pronounced icosahedral SRO, and a Pd82Si18 MG representative of a metal-metalloid system, with solute-centered tri-capped trigonal prisms as the dominant local motif. Also outlined are some ideas in terms of the relationship between the glass structures and properties, including the challenges in correlating the local structures with the propensity for relaxation and shear transformations. C1 [Cheng, Y. Q.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Chem & Engn Mat Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Cheng, Y. Q.; Ding, J.; Ma, E.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. RP Ma, E (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. EM ema@jhu.edu RI Ding, Jun/K-1989-2012 OI Ding, Jun/0000-0002-4091-8663 FU US National Science Foundation, Division of Materials Research [NSF-DMR-0904188]; Scientific User Facilities Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, US Department of Energy FX We are indebted to Professor Takeshi Egami for many stimulating discussions and Professor H. W. Sheng for developing and providing the EAM potentials. This research was supported at JHU by the US National Science Foundation, Division of Materials Research, under Contract No. NSF-DMR-0904188, and at ORNL by the Scientific User Facilities Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, US Department of Energy. Computational resources at ORNL were made available through the Center of Nanophase Materials Sciences. NR 45 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 1 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 2166-3831 J9 MATER RES LETT JI Mater. Res. Lett. PY 2013 VL 1 IS 1 BP 3 EP 12 DI 10.1080/21663831.2012.722759 PG 10 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA V44RY UT WOS:000209767300002 ER PT J AU Wang, X Yong, ZZ Li, QW Bradford, PD Liu, W Tucker, DS Cai, W Wang, H Yuan, FG Zhu, YT AF Wang, X. Yong, Z. Z. Li, Q. W. Bradford, P. D. Liu, W. Tucker, D. S. Cai, W. Wang, H. Yuan, F. G. Zhu, Y. T. TI Ultrastrong, Stiff and Multifunctional Carbon Nanotube Composites SO MATERIALS RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Carbon Nanotubes; Composite Materials; Tensile Strength; Multifunctional; Alignment AB Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are an order of magnitude stronger than any other current engineering fiber. However, for the past two decades, it has been a challenge to utilize their reinforcement potential in composites. Here, we report CNT composites with unprecedented multifunctionalities, including record high strength (3.8 GPa), high Young's modulus (293 GPa), electrical conductivity (1230 S . cm(-1)), and thermal conductivity (41 Wm(-1) K-1). These superior properties are derived from the long length, high volume fraction, good alignment and reduced waviness of the CNTs, which were produced by a novel-processing approach that can be easily scaled up for industrial production. C1 [Wang, X.; Bradford, P. D.; Liu, W.; Zhu, Y. T.] North Carolina State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Yong, Z. Z.; Li, Q. W.] Suzhou Inst Nanotech & Nanobion, Suzhou 215125, Peoples R China. [Tucker, D. S.] Marshall Space Flight Ctr, Mat & Proc Lab, Huntsville, AL 35812 USA. [Cai, W.; Wang, H.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, High Temp Mat Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Yuan, F. G.] North Carolina State Univ, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Li, QW (reprint author), Suzhou Inst Nanotech & Nanobion, Suzhou 215125, Peoples R China. EM qwli2007@sinano.ac; ytzhu@ncsu.edu RI Zhu, Yuntian/B-3021-2008; OI Zhu, Yuntian/0000-0002-5961-7422; Bradford, Philip/0000-0002-4448-5033 FU North Carolina Space Grant; Air Force Office of Scientific Research; U. S. Department of Energy, Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Vehicle Technologies Program FX The work was supported by the North Carolina Space Grant and the Air Force Office of Scientific Research. The measurement of thermal conductivity was performed at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory's High Temperature Materials Laboratory, which was sponsored by the U. S. Department of Energy, Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Vehicle Technologies Program. NR 33 TC 98 Z9 104 U1 5 U2 5 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 2166-3831 J9 MATER RES LETT JI Mater. Res. Lett. PY 2013 VL 1 IS 1 BP 19 EP 25 DI 10.1080/21663831.2012.686586 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA V44RY UT WOS:000209767300004 ER PT J AU Cheng, GM Jian, WW Xu, WZ Yuan, H Millett, PC Zhu, YT AF Cheng, G. M. Jian, W. W. Xu, W. Z. Yuan, H. Millett, P. C. Zhu, Y. T. TI Grain Size Effect on Deformation Mechanisms of Nanocrystalline bcc Metals SO MATERIALS RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Dislocation; bcc; Nanocrystalline; Grain Size; Deformation Mechanism AB Nanocrystalline (NC) body-centered cubic (bcc) metals behave very differently from how NC metals with other crystal structures behave. Their strain rate sensitivity decreases with decreasing grain size, which is an observation that has not been well understood. Here, we report a significant effect of grain size on the deformation mechanism of NC bcc Mo. With decreasing grain size, the density of mixed and edge dislocations increases, while the density of screw dislocations decreases. When the grains become very small, the overall dislocation density decreases with decreasing grain size. These observations provide a logical explanation for the observed effect of grain size on strain rate sensitivity. C1 [Cheng, G. M.; Jian, W. W.; Xu, W. Z.; Yuan, H.; Zhu, Y. T.] North Carolina State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Millett, P. C.] Idaho Natl Lab, Fuels Modeling & Simulat, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. RP Zhu, YT (reprint author), North Carolina State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM yuntian.zhu@gmail.com RI Zhu, Yuntian/B-3021-2008; Cheng, Guangming/F-8999-2010; Yuan, Hao/J-6139-2012 OI Zhu, Yuntian/0000-0002-5961-7422; Cheng, Guangming/0000-0001-5852-1341; Yuan, Hao/0000-0002-4879-3420 FU Laboratory Directed Research and Development program office of the Idaho National Laboratory FX This work was supported by the Laboratory Directed Research and Development program office of the Idaho National Laboratory. The authors thank Dr Dieter Wolf, whose insight and discussions with the authors inspired and initiated the current study on bcc metals. NR 34 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 2 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 2166-3831 J9 MATER RES LETT JI Mater. Res. Lett. PY 2013 VL 1 IS 1 BP 26 EP 31 DI 10.1080/21663831.2012.739580 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA V44RY UT WOS:000209767300005 ER PT J AU Haraldsen, JT Balatsky, AV AF Haraldsen, J. T. Balatsky, A. V. TI Effects of Magnetoelectric Ordering Due to Interfacial Symmetry Breaking SO MATERIALS RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Magnetoelectric coupling; Multiferroic; Ferroelectric; Complex oxide interfaces AB We examine the effects of interfacial symmetry breaking between ferroelectric and ferromagnetic (FM) materials. Using a standard Ginzburg-Landau formalism, we show that the presence of a linear coupling between electric polarization and magnetization produces spatial modulations of the ordered states. This coupling can also induce interfacial order from a non-ordered state. In the case of the paramagnetic state, this coupling produces a shift of the transition temperature and can drive the system from non-ordered to ordered at the interface. For the paraelectric state, an induced interfacial polarization emerges due to the FM state in the adjacent material. C1 [Haraldsen, J. T.; Balatsky, A. V.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Haraldsen, J. T.; Balatsky, A. V.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Integrated Nanotechnol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Balatsky, A. V.] NORDITA, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. RP Haraldsen, JT (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM jasonh@lanl.gov FU Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, a US Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences user facility; National Nuclear Security Administration of the US Department of Energy [DE-AC52-06NA25396]; NORDITA FX We thank T. Das, J. She, M. Graf, and S. Trugman for their helpful discussions. JTH and AVB acknowledge the support by the Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, a US Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences user facility. Los Alamos National Laboratory, an affirmative action equal opportunity employer, is operated by Los Alamos National Security, LLC, for the National Nuclear Security Administration of the US Department of Energy under contract DE-AC52-06NA25396. AVB also acknowledges the support by NORDITA. NR 35 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 2166-3831 J9 MATER RES LETT JI Mater. Res. Lett. PY 2013 VL 1 IS 1 BP 39 EP 44 DI 10.1080/21663831.2013.764942 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA V44RY UT WOS:000209767300007 ER PT J AU Bufford, D Liu, Y Zhu, Y Bi, Z Jia, QX Wang, H Zhang, X AF Bufford, D. Liu, Y. Zhu, Y. Bi, Z. Jia, Q. X. Wang, H. Zhang, X. TI Formation Mechanisms of High-density Growth Twins in Aluminum with High Stacking-Fault Energy SO MATERIALS RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Aluminum; Interfaces; Mechanical Properties; Silver; Twin Boundaries AB Nanotwins readily form in numerous face-centered-cubic (fcc) metals with low stacking-fault energy (SFE). However, growth twins rarely form in Al due to its high SFE, similar to 120-165 mJ/m(2). Here, using thin inter-layers or buffer layers of a low-SFE fcc metal (Ag), we overcome the SFE barrier and successfully grow high-density coherent and incoherent twin boundaries into Al. We identify three mechanisms that induce growth twins in Al and demonstrate enhanced mechanical strength in twinned Al. This study reveals an effective means that may be generalized to control growth twin formation in fcc metals with high SFE. C1 [Bufford, D.; Liu, Y.; Zhang, X.] Texas A&M Univ, Mat Sci & Engn Program, Dept Mech Engn, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Zhu, Y.; Wang, H.] Texas A&M Univ, Mat Sci & Engn Program, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Bi, Z.; Jia, Q. X.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Integrated Nanotechnol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Zhang, X (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Mat Sci & Engn Program, Dept Mech Engn, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. EM zhangx@tamu.edu RI Liu, Yue/H-4071-2014; OI Liu, Yue/0000-0001-8518-5734; Zhu, Yuanyuan/0000-0002-5257-5645 FU NSF-DMR metallic materials and nanostructures program [0644835]; NSF-DMR grant [0846504]; Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, a US Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences user facility at Los Alamos National Laboratory [DE-AC52-06NA25396]; Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences of the US Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX We acknowledge the NSF-DMR metallic materials and nanostructures program under grant no. 0644835 and NSF-DMR grant no. 0846504 for providing financial support. This work was performed, in part, at the Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, a US Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences user facility at Los Alamos National Laboratory (Contract DE-AC52-06NA25396). HAADF-STEM was performed at the National Center for Electron Microscopy at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, which is supported by the Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences of the US Department of Energy (Contract DE-AC02-05CH11231). We also acknowledge the Microscopy and Imaging Center at Texas A&M University for providing access to the microscopes. NR 64 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 6 U2 7 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 2166-3831 J9 MATER RES LETT JI Mater. Res. Lett. PY 2013 VL 1 IS 1 BP 51 EP 60 DI 10.1080/21663831.2012.761654 PG 10 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA V44RY UT WOS:000209767300009 ER PT J AU Wang, J Liu, L Tome, CN Mao, SX Gong, SK AF Wang, J. Liu, L. Tome, C. N. Mao, S. X. Gong, S. K. TI Twinning and De-twinning via Glide and Climb of Twinning Dislocations along Serrated Coherent Twin Boundaries in Hexagonal-close-packed Metals SO MATERIALS RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Twin boundary; Disconnection; Climb; Shuffle; Hexagonal-close-packed metals AB The ((1) over bar 012) twin boundaries experimentally observed in hexagonal-close-packed metals are often serrated rather than fully coherent. These serrated coherent twin boundaries (SCTBs) consist of sequential ((1) over bar 012) coherent twin boundaries and parallel basal-prismatic planes serrations (BPPS). We demonstrated that the formation of BPPS is geometrically and energetically preferred in the SCTBs, and an SCTB thus migrates by glide and climb of twinning dislocations, combined with atomic shuffling. Particularly, the climb mechanism, combined with the density and the height of BPPSs in the SCTBs, could be crucial in controlling twinning and de-twinning, and twinning-associated hardening. C1 [Wang, J.; Tome, C. N.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Liu, L.; Gong, S. K.] Beihang Univ, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Beijing 100191, Peoples R China. [Mao, S. X.] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Mech Engn & Mat Sci, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. RP Wang, J (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM wangj6@lanl.gov RI Wang, Jian/F-2669-2012 OI Wang, Jian/0000-0001-5130-300X FU Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under U.S. DOE [FWP 06SCPE401, W-7405-ENG-36]; NSFC [50731001] FX J.W. and C.N.T. acknowledge support from Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Project FWP 06SCPE401, under U.S. DOE Contract No. W-7405-ENG-36. LL and S.G. acknowledge the support from NSFC No. 50731001. S.M. would like to acknowledge NSF CMMI 08 010934 through University of Pittsburgh. The valuable discussion with Prof. J.P. Hirth is appreciated. NR 37 TC 41 Z9 43 U1 4 U2 4 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 2166-3831 J9 MATER RES LETT JI Mater. Res. Lett. PY 2013 VL 1 IS 2 BP 81 EP 88 DI 10.1080/21663831.2013.779601 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA V44RZ UT WOS:000209767400004 ER PT J AU Beyerlein, IJ Wang, J Kang, K Zheng, SJ Mara, NA AF Beyerlein, I. J. Wang, J. Kang, K. Zheng, S. J. Mara, N. A. TI Twinnability of bimetal interfaces in nanostructured composites SO MATERIALS RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Interfaces; Twinning; Nanomaterial; Composites; Nucleation AB Bimetal interfaces hold the extraordinary potential to promote or suppress deformation twinning in nanostructured composites. This article constructs a methodology for developing maps for identifying the twinnability of chemically sharp, bimetal interfaces based on their structure and properties. The map is shown capable of rationalizing the variation in experimental observations among several different bimetal interface structures. C1 [Beyerlein, I. J.; Kang, K.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Wang, J.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Zheng, S. J.; Mara, N. A.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Mat Phys & Applicat Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Beyerlein, IJ (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM irene@lanl.gov RI Wang, Jian/F-2669-2012 OI Wang, Jian/0000-0001-5130-300X FU Center for Materials at Irradiation and Mechanical Extremes, an Energy Frontier Research Center - U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [2008LANL1026] FX The authors gratefully acknowledge support by the Center for Materials at Irradiation and Mechanical Extremes, an Energy Frontier Research Center funded by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences under Award Number 2008LANL1026. NR 44 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 8 U2 8 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 2166-3831 J9 MATER RES LETT JI Mater. Res. Lett. PY 2013 VL 1 IS 2 BP 89 EP 95 DI 10.1080/21663831.2013.782074 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA V44RZ UT WOS:000209767400005 ER PT J AU Mook, WM Raghavan, R Baldwin, JK Frey, D Michler, J Mara, NA Misra, A AF Mook, William M. Raghavan, Rejin Baldwin, J. Kevin Frey, Damian Michler, Johann Mara, Nathan A. Misra, Amit TI Indentation Fracture Response of Al-TiN Nanolaminates SO MATERIALS RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Fracture Toughness; Indentation; Thin Film AB Indentation fracture experiments on aluminium-titanium nitride nanolaminates were conducted both inside and outside of a scanning electron microscope (SEM). Remarkably, indentation fracture toughness increases with increasing strength for bilayer thicknesses less than 10 nm. In addition, slower strain rates favour formation of lateral cracking while increasing rates favour formation of radial cracks. SEM movies show that an increase in radial crack length does not occur during the unloading cycle; this is due to flow of aluminium into the cracks during unloading and is a form of self-healing which should be applicable to metal-ceramic nanolaminates in general. C1 [Mook, William M.; Baldwin, J. Kevin; Mara, Nathan A.; Misra, Amit] Los Alamos Natl Lab, MPA CINT Ctr Integrated Nanotechnol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Raghavan, Rejin; Frey, Damian; Michler, Johann] Empa Mat Sci & Technol, Lab Mech Mat & Nanostruct, CH-3602 Thun, Switzerland. RP Mook, WM (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, MPA CINT Ctr Integrated Nanotechnol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM mook@lanl.gov FU US DOE, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences (DOE/BES) FX This research is sponsored by US DOE, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences (DOE/BES). The authors acknowledge the access, through an approved user project, to the Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, a DOE/BES national user facility at LANL and Sandia National Laboratory. NR 34 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 2166-3831 J9 MATER RES LETT JI Mater. Res. Lett. PY 2013 VL 1 IS 2 BP 102 EP 108 DI 10.1080/21663831.2013.783515 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA V44RZ UT WOS:000209767400007 ER PT J AU Wang, J Yadav, SK Hirth, JP Tome, CN Beyerlein, IJ AF Wang, J. Yadav, S. K. Hirth, J. P. Tome, C. N. Beyerlein, I. J. TI Pure-Shuffle Nucleation of Deformation Twins in Hexagonal-Close-Packed Metals SO MATERIALS RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Twin Nucleation; Pure-Shuffle; Grain Boundary; Magnesium; Atomistic Simulations AB The propagation of deformation twins in hexagonal-close-packed metals is commonly described by a conventional glide-shuffle mechanism. The widely accepted convention is that this process is also responsible for twin nucleation, but lacks direct confirmation. Using atomistic simulations, we identify an unconventional pure-shuffle mechanism for the nucleation of ((1) over tilde 012) twins, which then grow through the conventional glide-shuffle mechanism entailing the glide of twinning disconnections. The pure-shuffle nucleation of twins at grain boundaries can be ascribed to a high-stress concentration and pre-existing grain boundary dislocations. C1 [Wang, J.; Yadav, S. K.; Tome, C. N.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, MST 8, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Hirth, J. P.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, MPA CINT, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Beyerlein, I. J.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, T-3, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Wang, J (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, MST 8, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM wangj6@lanl.gov RI Wang, Jian/F-2669-2012; Yadav, Satyesh/M-6588-2014 OI Wang, Jian/0000-0001-5130-300X; FU Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under U.S. DOE [FWP 06SCPE401, W-7405-ENG-36] FX The authors acknowledge full support from Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Project FWP 06SCPE401, under U.S. DOE Contract No. W-7405-ENG-36. The authors are grateful for the helpful comments from Prof. Robert Pond. NR 40 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 3 U2 3 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 2166-3831 J9 MATER RES LETT JI Mater. Res. Lett. PY 2013 VL 1 IS 3 BP 126 EP 132 DI 10.1080/21663831.2013.792019 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA V44SA UT WOS:000209767500002 ER PT J AU Knezevic, M Beyerlein, IJ Nizolek, T Mara, NA Pollock, TM AF Knezevic, Marko Beyerlein, Irene J. Nizolek, Thomas Mara, Nathan A. Pollock, Tresa M. TI Anomalous Basal Slip Activity in Zirconium under High-strain Deformation SO MATERIALS RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Hexagonal Metals; Zirconium; Deformation Mechanisms; Basal Slip; Accumulative Roll Bonding AB In this letter, we reveal anomalous basal slip activity in zirconium under high strains. The frequently reported classical rolling texture of Zr is shown to develop as a result of substantial amounts of basal slip. The reason is not that physical barriers to basal slip have become easier but that over a large straining period, easy prismatic slip has significantly strain-hardened and crystallographic texture has evolved to be more favorable for basal slip. Basal slip is, therefore, an important deformation mechanism in Zr at room temperature under high to severe strain-deformation conditions. C1 [Knezevic, Marko; Mara, Nathan A.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Knezevic, Marko] Univ New Hampshire, Dept Mech Engn, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Beyerlein, Irene J.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Theoret Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Nizolek, Thomas; Pollock, Tresa M.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Mat Dept, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. [Mara, Nathan A.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Mat Phys & Applicat Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Knezevic, M (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM marko.knezevic@unh.edu FU Seaborg Institute; UC Lab Fees Research Program [UCD-12-0045.15]; Department of Defense (DoD) through the National Defense Science & Engineering Graduate Fellowship (NDSEG) Program FX MK acknowledges the Seaborg Institute for financial support under a Post-Doctoral Fellowship through the LANL LDRD Program. IJB, TMP and NAM wish to acknowledge support by the UC Lab Fees Research Program # UCD-12-0045.15. TN was supported by the Department of Defense (DoD) through the National Defense Science & Engineering Graduate Fellowship (NDSEG) Program. NR 51 TC 51 Z9 51 U1 0 U2 0 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 2166-3831 J9 MATER RES LETT JI Mater. Res. Lett. PY 2013 VL 1 IS 3 BP 133 EP 140 DI 10.1080/21663831.2013.794375 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA V44SA UT WOS:000209767500003 ER PT J AU Uberuaga, BP Martinez, E Bi, ZX Zhuo, MJ Jia, QX Nastasi, M Misra, A Caro, A AF Uberuaga, Blas Pedro Martinez, Enrique Bi, Zhenxing Zhuo, Mujin Jia, Quanxi Nastasi, Michael Misra, Amit Caro, Alfredo TI Defect Distributions and Transport in Nanocomposites: A Theoretical Perspective SO MATERIALS RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Nanocomposites; Radiation Effects; Defect Evolution AB Nanomaterials are attracting great interest for many applications, including radiation tolerance. Most work on radiation effects in nanomaterials has focused on the interfaces. Here, we examine the other aspect of nanocomposites, the dual phase nature. Solving a reaction-diffusion model of irradiated composites, we identify three regimes of steady-state behavior that depend on the defect properties in the two phases. We conclude that defect evolution in one phase depends on the defect properties in the other phase, offering a route to controlling defect evolution in these materials. These results have broad implications for nanomaterials more generally. C1 [Uberuaga, Blas Pedro; Martinez, Enrique; Caro, Alfredo] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. [Bi, Zhenxing; Zhuo, Mujin; Jia, Quanxi; Misra, Amit] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Mat Phys & Applicat Div, Los Alamos, NM USA. [Nastasi, Michael] Univ Nebraska Lincoln, Nebraska Ctr Energy Sci Res, Lincoln, NE USA. RP Uberuaga, BP (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. EM blas@buber.net FU Center for Materials at Irradiation and Mechanical Extremes, an Energy Frontier Research Center - U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [2008LANL1026]; National Nuclear Security Administration of the U.S. DOE [DE-AC52-06NA25396] FX This work was supported as part of the Center for Materials at Irradiation and Mechanical Extremes, an Energy Frontier Research Center funded by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences under Award Number 2008LANL1026. Los Alamos National Laboratory, an affirmative action equal opportunity employer, is operated by Los Alamos National Security, LLC, for the National Nuclear Security Administration of the U.S. DOE under contract DE-AC52-06NA25396. NR 29 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 1 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 2166-3831 J9 MATER RES LETT JI Mater. Res. Lett. PY 2013 VL 1 IS 4 BP 193 EP 199 DI 10.1080/21663831.2013.805442 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA V44SB UT WOS:000209767600002 ER PT J AU Brandl, C Germann, TC Perez-Bergquist, AG Cerreta, EK AF Brandl, Christian Germann, Timothy C. Perez-Bergquist, Alejandro G. Cerreta, Ellen K. TI Grain Boundary Motion under Dynamic Loading: Mechanism and Large-Scale Molecular Dynamics Simulations SO MATERIALS RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Grain Boundary; Shock; Molecular Dynamics AB Grain boundaries (GBs) are not static structures during shock loading, despite the short timescales. We present a mechanistic explanation for why non-coherent Sigma 3 GBs are particularly mobile, due to their consisting of coherent twin boundaries every third (111) glide plane, separated by incoherent twin boundary segments with three Shockley partial dislocations that can readily glide into either grain. Asymmetric GBs with such structures can thus move in response to the elastic driving force provided by uniaxial compression. We present large-scale molecular dynamic simulations that illustrate this mechanism, which explains the Sigma 3 GB faceting recently observed in shock-recovered copper multi-crystals. C1 [Brandl, Christian; Germann, Timothy C.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM USA. [Perez-Bergquist, Alejandro G.; Cerreta, Ellen K.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Los Alamos, NM USA. [Brandl, Christian] Karlsruhe Inst Technol, Karlsruhe, Germany. RP Brandl, C (reprint author), Karlsruhe Inst Technol, Karlsruhe, Germany. EM christian.brandl@kit.edu RI Brandl, Christian/D-4013-2015 OI Brandl, Christian/0000-0003-1587-4678 FU National Nuclear Security Administration of the US Department of Energy (DOE) [DE-AC52-06NA25396]; DOE Office of Basic Energy Sciences through the Center for Materials at Irradiation and Mechanical Extremes (CMIME), an Energy Frontier Research Center FX Los Alamos National Laboratory is operated by LANS, LLC, for the National Nuclear Security Administration of the US Department of Energy (DOE) under Contract DE-AC52-06NA25396. This work was supported by the DOE Office of Basic Energy Sciences through the Center for Materials at Irradiation and Mechanical Extremes (CMIME), an Energy Frontier Research Center. NR 32 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 2166-3831 J9 MATER RES LETT JI Mater. Res. Lett. PY 2013 VL 1 IS 4 BP 220 EP 227 DI 10.1080/21663831.2013.830993 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA V44SB UT WOS:000209767600006 ER PT J AU Gram, MD Carpenter, JS Payzant, EA Misra, A Anderson, PM AF Gram, Michael D. Carpenter, John S. Payzant, E. Andrew Misra, Amit Anderson, Peter M. TI X-Ray Diffraction Studies of Forward and Reverse Plastic Flow in Nanoscale Layers During Thermal Cycling SO MATERIALS RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Nanolaminates; X-Ray Diffraction; Interface Properties AB The biaxial stress-strain response of Cu and Ni layers within Cu/Ni nanolaminates was determined from in-plane X-ray diffraction during heating/cooling. Thinner (11 nm) Cu and Ni layers with coherent, cube-on-cube interfaces reached similar to 1.8 GPa (Cu) and similar to 2.9 GPa (Ni) without yielding. Thicker (21 nm) layers with semi-coherent interfaces exhibited unusual plastic phenomena, including extraordinary increases in stress during early yielding, reverse plastic flow at modest (similar to 12%) unloading and evidence that plastic flow in Cu layers can reduce the flow strength of adjoining Ni layers. Estimates of dislocation line energy, pinning strength, net interfacial dislocation density and hardness are provided. C1 [Gram, Michael D.; Carpenter, John S.; Anderson, Peter M.] Ohio State Univ, Mat Sci & Engn, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Carpenter, John S.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, MST Met 6, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Payzant, E. Andrew] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Nanophase Mat Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Misra, Amit] Los Alamos Natl Lab, MPA CINT Ctr Integrated Nanotechnol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Anderson, PM (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Mat Sci & Engn, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. EM anderson.1@osu.edu RI Payzant, Edward/B-5449-2009 OI Payzant, Edward/0000-0002-3447-2060 FU National Science Foundation (Division of Materials Research) [DMR-0907024]; Oak Ridge National Laboratory by the Scientific User Facilities Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, US Department of Energy; CINT, a US Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences user facility at Los Alamos National Laboratory [DE-AC52-06NA25396]; CINT, a US Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences user facility at Sandia National Laboratories [DE-AC04-94AL85000] FX The authors gratefully acknowledge discussions with Prof. William. D. Nix (Stanford), fabrication of the multilayer thin films by J. Kevin Baldwin (LANL), and TEM assistance from Matthew L. Bowers (OSU). This work was supported by the National Science Foundation (Division of Materials Research DMR-0907024, Diana Farkas, Program Officer). This research was conducted at the CNMS, which is sponsored at Oak Ridge National Laboratory by the Scientific User Facilities Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, US Department of Energy and by the CINT, a US Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences user facility at Los Alamos National Laboratory (Contract DE-AC52-06NA25396) and Sandia National Laboratories (Contract DE-AC04-94AL85000). NR 61 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 1 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 2166-3831 J9 MATER RES LETT JI Mater. Res. Lett. PY 2013 VL 1 IS 4 BP 233 EP 243 DI 10.1080/21663831.2013.843602 PG 11 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA V44SB UT WOS:000209767600008 ER PT J AU Muttoni, G Palacios-Rojas, N Galicia, L Rosales, A Pixley, KV de Leon, N AF Muttoni, German Palacios-Rojas, Natalia Galicia, Luis Rosales, Aldo Pixley, Kevin V. de Leon, Natalia TI Cell wall composition and biomass digestibility diversity in Mexican maize (Zea mays L) landraces and CIMMYT inbred lines SO MAYDICA LA English DT Article DE maize landraces; cell wall composition; biomass digestibility; genetic diversity; stover quality AB Maize is one of the most important crops worldwide. Historically, breeding efforts in this crop have been primarily focused on the improvement of grain yield and stability and just recently also on the potential utility of maize stover (above ground biomass excluding the grain) as a source of biomass for the production of feed, fiber and cellulosic ethanol. The International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT) holds one of the largest maize germ-plasm collections in the world and therefore is an important source of phenotypic and genetic diversity for many traits. Our objectives were to assess the phenotypic diversity for cell wall composition and biomass digestibility in Mexican tropical, subtropical and highland maize landraces and elite maize lines (CMLs) in the CIMMYT germplasm collection, as well as to evaluate the relationship between place of origin of these materials and phenotypic expression of biomass compositional traits. The range of variation for neutral detergent fiber for three groups of landraces was from 47 to 73%. Slightly larger levels of phenotypic variation were observed for this trait in the set of CMLs evaluated (42 to 78%). Some of the inbred lines, such as CML 507, presented superior characteristics in terms of cell wall composition and digestibility. The Tuxpeno tropical-subtropical race, widely used in CIMMYT breeding programs, formed a cluster characterized by high cell wall content and low biomass digestibility. The CIMMYT germplasm collection appears to be a vast source of untapped genetic and phenotypic variation for the improvement of maize biomass composition. C1 [Muttoni, German; Pixley, Kevin V.; de Leon, Natalia] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Agron, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Palacios-Rojas, Natalia; Galicia, Luis; Rosales, Aldo; Pixley, Kevin V.] Int Maize & Wheat Improvement Ctr CIMMYT, El Batan 56130, Texcoco, Mexico. [de Leon, Natalia] Univ Wisconsin, DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP de Leon, N (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Agron, 1575 Linden Dr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM ndeleongatti@wisc.edu FU DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center (DOE BER Office of Science) [DE-FC02-07ER64494]; John Hoffbeck Plant Breeding Fellowship; AgroBio-Mexico FX This work was funded in part by the DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center (DOE BER Office of Science DE-FC02-07ER64494). We thank DuPont Pioneer for providing the John Hoffbeck Plant Breeding Fellowship to support GM. We thank the anonymous reviewers for their valuable comments that helped to improve this manuscript. Work at CIMMYT was partially supported by AgroBio-Mexico. NR 60 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 2 PU MAYDICA-IST SPER CEREALICOLTUR PI BERGAMO PA SEZ DI BERGAMO VIA STEZZANO, 24, 24100 BERGAMO, ITALY SN 0025-6153 EI 2279-8013 J9 MAYDICA JI Maydica PY 2013 VL 58 IS 1-4 SI SI BP 21 EP 33 PG 13 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA V35ZF UT WOS:000209182800003 ER PT B AU Qi, HR Kuruganti, PT Snyder, WE AF Qi, Hairong Kuruganti, Phani Teja Snyder, Wesley E. BE Diakides, M Bronzino, JD Peterson, DR TI Detecting Breast Cancer from Thermal Infrared Images by Asymmetry Analysis SO MEDICAL INFRARED IMAGING: PRINCIPLES AND PRACTICES LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID COMPUTERIZED DETECTION; BILATERAL-SUBTRACTION; DIGITAL MAMMOGRAMS; MASSES C1 [Qi, Hairong] Univ Tennessee, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Kuruganti, Phani Teja] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. [Snyder, Wesley E.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Qi, HR (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4398-7250-5; 978-1-4398-7249-9 PY 2013 PG 14 WC Engineering, Biomedical; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Engineering; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA BC6MS UT WOS:000354125200014 ER PT B AU Nandasiri, MI Kuchibhatla, SVNT Thevuthasan, S AF Nandasiri, Manjula I. Kuchibhatla, Satyanarayana V. N. T. Thevuthasan, Suntharampillai BE Carpenter, MA Mathur, S Kolmakov, A TI Synthesis of Metal Oxide Nanomaterials for Chemical Sensors by Molecular Beam Epitaxy SO METAL OXIDE NANOMATERIALS FOR CHEMICAL SENSORS SE Integrated Analytical Systems LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID SAMARIA-DOPED CERIA; RESISTIVE OXYGEN SENSORS; SNO2 THIN-FILMS; SEMICONDUCTOR GAS SENSORS; TIN OXIDE; SENSING CHARACTERISTICS; FUEL-CELLS; IONIC-CONDUCTIVITY; HIGH-TEMPERATURE; STRUCTURAL-CHARACTERIZATION AB In order to develop next generation chemical sensors using nano-scale materials, we need to understand the sensing mechanisms at atomic level. This requires synthesizing chemical sensing materials with controlled structure, chemical composition and surface morphology. Although the commonly used wet chemical synthesis methods provide quality materials for large-scale production of materials, alternative thin film deposition techniques such as sputtering, chemical vapor deposition (CVD), and molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) can also be useful to achieve atomic-scale control over the structure and composition over a large fabrication area for potential device fabrication as well as to gain an understanding of the chemical sensing properties of nano-scale materials. Especially, MBE has been used to synthesize metal oxide thin films with ultra-pure, well-ordered surfaces, which can be used to understand the effect of surface morphology, structure, and composition on the gas sensing properties. In this chapter, we provide a detailed discussion of thin film growth using MBE along with some in situ characterization capabilities such as reflection high energy electron diffraction (RHEED) and low energy electron diffraction (LEED). In addition, this chapter focuses on the discussion of the growth, characterization and gas sensing properties of metal oxide thin films such as doped CeO2 and SnO2. The chapter also emphasizes the significance of various in situ and ex situ characterization techniques to understand the material properties there by developing methodologies to synthesize better materials with tunable characteristics for sensing applications. C1 [Nandasiri, Manjula I.; Thevuthasan, Suntharampillai] Pacific NW Natl Lab, EMSL, Richland, WA 99354 USA. [Nandasiri, Manjula I.] Western Michigan Univ, Dept Phys, Kalamazoo, MI 49008 USA. [Kuchibhatla, Satyanarayana V. N. T.] Battelle Sci & Technol India, Pune 411057, Maharashtra, India. RP Thevuthasan, S (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, EMSL, Richland, WA 99354 USA. EM theva@pnl.gov NR 156 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES BN 978-1-4614-5395-6; 978-1-4614-5394-9 J9 INTEGR ANAL SYST PY 2013 BP 189 EP 224 DI 10.1007/978-1-4614-5395-6_6 D2 10.1007/978-1-4614-5395-6 PG 36 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics GA BC4GX UT WOS:000352513200008 ER PT J AU Claud, EC Keegan, KP Brulc, JM Lu, L Bartels, D Glass, E Chang, EB Meyer, F Antonopoulos, DA AF Claud, Erika C. Keegan, Kevin P. Brulc, Jennifer M. Lu, Lei Bartels, Daniela Glass, Elizabeth Chang, Eugene B. Meyer, Folker Antonopoulos, Dionysios A. TI Bacterial community structure and functional contributions to emergence of health or necrotizing enterocolitis in preterm infants SO MICROBIOME LA English DT Article DE Necrotizing enterocolitis; Preterm infant microbiome; Metagenomics; Carbohydrate metabolism AB Background: Preterm infants represent a unique patient population that is born functionally immature and must accomplish development under the influence of a hospital environment. Neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is an inflammatory intestinal disorder affecting preterm infants. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the progression of intestinal microbiota community development between preterm infants who remained healthy compared to preterm infants who developed NEC. Results: Weekly fecal samples from ten preterm infants, five with NEC and five matched healthy controls were obtained. Bacterial DNA from individual fecal samples was subjected to sequencing of 16S rRNA-based inventories using the 454 GS-FLX platform. Fecal samples from control infants demonstrated a temporal pattern in their microbiota, which converged toward that of a healthy full term breast-fed infant. Microbiota development in NEC patients diverged from controls beginning three weeks prior to diagnosis. Shotgun metagenomic sequencing was performed to identify functional differences in the respective microbiota of fecal samples from a set of twins in which one twin developed NEC and one did not. The majority of the differentially abundant genes in the NEC patient were associated with carbohydrate metabolism and mapped to members of the family Enterobacteriaceae. This may indicate an adaptation of the community to an altered profile of substrate availability for specific members as a first step towards the development of NEC. We propose that the microbial communities as a whole may metabolize milk differently, resulting in differential substrate availability for specific microbial groups. Additional differentially represented gene sets of interest were related to antibiotic resistance and vitamin biosynthesis. Conclusions: Our results suggest that there is a temporal component to microbiome development in healthy preterm infants. Thus, bacteriotherapy for the treatment or prevention of NEC must consider this temporal component of the microbial community in addition to its taxonomic composition and functional content. C1 [Claud, Erika C.; Lu, Lei] Univ Chicago, Dept Pediat, Sect Neonatol, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Claud, Erika C.; Chang, Eugene B.; Antonopoulos, Dionysios A.] Univ Chicago, Dept Med, Sect Gastroenterol, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Keegan, Kevin P.; Brulc, Jennifer M.; Meyer, Folker; Antonopoulos, Dionysios A.] Argonne Natl Lab, Inst Genom & Syst Biol, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Bartels, Daniela; Glass, Elizabeth; Meyer, Folker] Argonne Natl Lab, Math & Comp Sci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Claud, EC (reprint author), Univ Chicago, Dept Pediat, Sect Neonatol, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. EM eclaud@peds.bsd.uchicago.edu FU March of Dimes Basil O'Connor Starter Scholar Award [5-FY09-91]; Digestive Disease Research Core Center of the University of Chicago [P30DK42086]; NIH Human Microbiome Demonstration Project [UH3DK083993]; NIH [HD059123, DK47722, DK097268]; US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research, Climate and Environmental Science Division [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX This work was supported by March of Dimes Basil O'Connor Starter Scholar Award 5-FY09-91 (ECC), the Digestive Disease Research Core Center of the University of Chicago (P30DK42086), the NIH Human Microbiome Demonstration Project (UH3DK083993), NIH grant HD059123 (ECC), NIH DK47722 (EBC) and DK097268 (EBC), and the US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research, Climate and Environmental Science Division under contract DE-AC02-06CH11357 to Argonne National Laboratory. NR 28 TC 47 Z9 47 U1 1 U2 3 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 2049-2618 J9 MICROBIOME JI Microbiome PY 2013 VL 1 AR 20 DI 10.1186/2049-2618-1-20 PG 11 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA V40VZ UT WOS:000209507400020 PM 24450928 ER PT J AU Hug, LA Castelle, CJ Wrighton, KC Thomas, BC Sharon, I Frischkorn, KR Williams, KH Tringe, SG Banfield, JF AF Hug, Laura A. Castelle, Cindy J. Wrighton, Kelly C. Thomas, Brian C. Sharon, Itai Frischkorn, Kyle R. Williams, Kenneth H. Tringe, Susannah G. Banfield, Jillian F. TI Community genomic analyses constrain the distribution of metabolic traits across the Chloroflexi phylum and indicate roles in sediment carbon cycling SO MICROBIOME LA English DT Article DE Chloroflexi; Metagenome; GIF9; Anaerolinea; Sediment; Dehalococcoides; Wood-Ljungdahl; Acetogenesis AB Background: Sediments are massive reservoirs of carbon compounds and host a large fraction of microbial life. Microorganisms within terrestrial aquifer sediments control buried organic carbon turnover, degrade organic contaminants, and impact drinking water quality. Recent 16S rRNA gene profiling indicates that members of the bacterial phylum Chloroflexi are common in sediment. Only the role of the class Dehalococcoidia, which degrade halogenated solvents, is well understood. Genomic sampling is available for only six of the approximate 30 Chloroflexi classes, so little is known about the phylogenetic distribution of reductive dehalogenation or about the broader metabolic characteristics of Chloroflexi in sediment. Results: We used metagenomics to directly evaluate the metabolic potential and diversity of Chloroflexi in aquifer sediments. We sampled genomic sequence from 86 Chloroflexi representing 15 distinct lineages, including members of eight classes previously characterized only by 16S rRNA sequences. Unlike in the Dehalococcoidia, genes for organohalide respiration are rare within the Chloroflexi genomes sampled here. Near-complete genomes were reconstructed for three Chloroflexi. One, a member of an unsequenced lineage in the Anaerolinea, is an aerobe with the potential for respiring diverse carbon compounds. The others represent two genomically unsampled classes sibling to the Dehalococcoidia, and are anaerobes likely involved in sugar and plant-derived-compound degradation to acetate. Both fix CO2 via the Wood-Ljungdahl pathway, a pathway not previously documented in Chloroflexi. The genomes each encode unique traits apparently acquired from Archaea, including mechanisms of motility and ATP synthesis. Conclusions: Chloroflexi in the aquifer sediments are abundant and highly diverse. Genomic analyses provide new evolutionary boundaries for obligate organohalide respiration. We expand the potential roles of Chloroflexi in sediment carbon cycling beyond organohalide respiration to include respiration of sugars, fermentation, CO2 fixation, and acetogenesis with ATP formation by substrate-level phosphorylation. C1 [Hug, Laura A.; Castelle, Cindy J.; Wrighton, Kelly C.; Thomas, Brian C.; Sharon, Itai; Frischkorn, Kyle R.; Banfield, Jillian F.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Williams, Kenneth H.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Earth Sci, Geophys Dept, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Tringe, Susannah G.] DOE Joint Genome Inst, Metagenome Program, Walnut Creek, CA USA. RP Banfield, JF (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM jbanfield@berkeley.edu RI Williams, Kenneth/O-5181-2014; OI Williams, Kenneth/0000-0002-3568-1155; Tringe, Susannah/0000-0001-6479-8427 FU US Department of Energy (DOE) [DE-AC02-05CH11231, DE-SC0004733]; IFRC, Subsurface Biogeochemical Research Program, Office of Science, Biological and Environmental Research FX The authors thank Dr. Jonathan Eisen (UC Davis, CA, USA) for providing initial phylogenetic reference datasets. The authors also acknowledge the Joint Genome Institute sequencing facility for generating the metagenome sequence via the Community Sequencing program. Funding was provided through the IFRC, Subsurface Biogeochemical Research Program, Office of Science, Biological and Environmental Research, the US Department of Energy (DOE) grants DE-AC02-05CH11231 to the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (operated by the University of California) and DE-SC0004733. NR 100 TC 72 Z9 72 U1 7 U2 42 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 2049-2618 J9 MICROBIOME JI Microbiome PY 2013 VL 1 AR 22 DI 10.1186/2049-2618-1-22 PG 17 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA V40VZ UT WOS:000209507400022 PM 24450983 ER PT J AU Vital, M Penton, CR Wang, Q Young, VB Antonopoulos, DA Sogin, ML Morrison, HG Raffals, L Chang, EB Huffnagle, GB Schmidt, TM Cole, JR Tiedje, JM AF Vital, Marius Penton, Christopher R. Wang, Qiong Young, Vincent B. Antonopoulos, Dion A. Sogin, Mitchell L. Morrison, Hilary G. Raffals, Laura Chang, Eugene B. Huffnagle, Gary B. Schmidt, Thomas M. Cole, James R. Tiedje, James M. TI A gene-targeted approach to investigate the intestinal butyrate-producing bacterial community SO MICROBIOME LA English DT Article DE Butyrate; Gene-targeted metagenomics; Human microbiome project; Pouchitis; Ulcerative colitis AB Background: Butyrate, which is produced by the human microbiome, is essential for a well-functioning colon. Bacteria that produce butyrate are phylogenetically diverse, which hinders their accurate detection based on conventional phylogenetic markers. As a result, reliable information on this important bacterial group is often lacking in microbiome research. Results: In this study we describe a gene-targeted approach for 454 pyrotag sequencing and quantitative polymerase chain reaction for the final genes in the two primary bacterial butyrate synthesis pathways, butyryl-CoA: acetate CoA-transferase (but) and butyrate kinase (buk). We monitored the establishment and early succession of butyrate-producing communities in four patients with ulcerative colitis who underwent a colectomy with ileal pouch anal anastomosis and compared it with three control samples from healthy colons. All patients established an abundant butyrate-producing community (approximately 5% to 26% of the total community) in the pouch within the 2-month study, but patterns were distinctive among individuals. Only one patient harbored a community profile similar to the healthy controls, in which there was a predominance of but genes that are similar to reference genes from Acidaminococcus sp., Eubacterium sp., Faecalibacterium prausnitzii and Roseburia sp., and an almost complete absence of buk genes. Two patients were greatly enriched in buk genes similar to those of Clostridium butyricum and C. perfringens, whereas a fourth patient displayed abundant communities containing both genes. Most butyrate producers identified in previous studies were detected and the general patterns of taxa found were supported by 16S rRNA gene pyrotag analysis, but the gene-targeted approach provided more detail about the potential butyrate-producing members of the community. Conclusions: The presented approach provides quantitative and genotypic insights into butyrate-producing communities and facilitates a more specific functional characterization of the intestinal microbiome. Furthermore, our analysis refines but and buk reference annotations found in central databases. C1 [Vital, Marius; Penton, Christopher R.; Wang, Qiong; Schmidt, Thomas M.; Cole, James R.; Tiedje, James M.] Michigan State Univ, Ctr Microbial Ecol, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Young, Vincent B.; Huffnagle, Gary B.] Univ Michigan, Dept Internal Med, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Antonopoulos, Dion A.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Sogin, Mitchell L.; Morrison, Hilary G.] Marine Biol Lab, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA. [Raffals, Laura] Univ Chicago, Knapp Ctr Biomed Discovery, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Chang, Eugene B.] Univ Chicago, Dept Med, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. RP Cole, JR (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Ctr Microbial Ecol, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. EM colej@msu.edu; tiedjej@msu.edu OI Morrison, Hilary/0000-0003-0281-326X; Schmidt, Thomas/0000-0002-8209-6055 FU NIH Human Microbiome Project Demonstration Project [UH3 DK083993]; University of Chicago Digestive Disease Research Core Center [P30DK42086] FX Financial support was provided by NIH Human Microbiome Project Demonstration Project (UH3 DK083993) and the University of Chicago Digestive Disease Research Core Center (P30DK42086). Special thanks to Charles Falkiewicz, Jiarong Gao, Stephanie LaHaye, Craig McMullen, Derek St. Louis and Andrew Worden for technical assistance, and to Christopher Radek for his support during sequencing. The authors acknowledge Daniel Clemens for providing several strains. NR 30 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 16 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 2049-2618 J9 MICROBIOME JI Microbiome PY 2013 VL 1 AR 8 DI 10.1186/2049-2618-1-8 PG 14 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA V40VZ UT WOS:000209507400008 PM 24451334 ER PT J AU Young, VB Raffals, LH Huse, SM Vital, M Dai, DJ Schloss, PD Brulc, JM Antonopoulos, DA Arrieta, RL Kwon, JH Reddy, KG Hubert, NA Grim, SL Vineis, JH Dalal, S Morrison, HG Eren, AM Meyer, F Schmidt, TM Tiedje, JM Chang, EB Sogin, ML AF Young, Vincent B. Raffals, Laura H. Huse, Susan M. Vital, Marius Dai, Dongjuan Schloss, Patrick D. Brulc, Jennifer M. Antonopoulos, Dionysios A. Arrieta, Rose L. Kwon, John H. Reddy, K. Gautham Hubert, Nathaniel A. Grim, Sharon L. Vineis, Joseph H. Dalal, Sushila Morrison, Hilary G. Eren, A. Murat Meyer, Folker Schmidt, Thomas M. Tiedje, James M. Chang, Eugene B. Sogin, Mitchell L. TI Multiphasic analysis of the temporal development of the distal gut microbiota in patients following ileal pouch anal anastomosis SO MICROBIOME LA English DT Article DE Pouchitis; Microbiome; Microbial ecology; Inflammatory bowel disease AB Background: The indigenous gut microbiota are thought to play a crucial role in the development and maintenance of the abnormal inflammatory responses that are the hallmark of inflammatory bowel disease. Direct tests of the role of the gut microbiome in these disorders are typically limited by the fact that sampling of the microbiota generally occurs once disease has become manifest. This limitation could potentially be circumvented by studying patients who undergo total proctocolectomy with ileal pouch anal anastomosis (IPAA) for the definitive treatment of ulcerative colitis. A subset of patients who undergo IPAA develops an inflammatory condition known as pouchitis, which is thought to mirror the pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis. Following the development of the microbiome of the pouch would allow characterization of the microbial community that predates the development of overt disease. Results: We monitored the development of the pouch microbiota in four patients who underwent IPAA. Mucosal and luminal samples were obtained prior to takedown of the diverting ileostomy and compared to samples obtained 2, 4 and 8 weeks after intestinal continuity had been restored. Through the combined analysis of 16S rRNA-encoding gene amplicons, targeted 16S amplification and microbial cultivation, we observed major changes in structure and function of the pouch microbiota following ileostomy. There is a relative increase in anaerobic microorganisms with the capacity for fermentation of complex carbohydrates, which corresponds to the physical stasis of intestinal contents in the ileal pouch. Compared to the microbiome structure encountered in the colonic mucosa of healthy individuals, the pouch microbial community in three of the four individuals was quite distinct. In the fourth patient, a community that was much like that seen in a healthy colon was established, and this patient also had the most benign clinical course of the four patients, without the development of pouchitis 2 years after IPAA. Conclusions: The microbiota that inhabit the ileal-anal pouch of patients who undergo IPAA for treatment of ulcerative colitis demonstrate significant structural and functional changes related to the restoration of fecal flow. Our preliminary results suggest once the pouch has assumed the physiologic role previously played by the intact colon, the precise structure and function of the pouch microbiome, relative to a normal colonic microbiota, will determine if there is establishment of a stable, healthy mucosal environment or the reinitiation of the pathogenic cascade that results in intestinal inflammation. C1 [Young, Vincent B.] Dept Internal Med, Div Infect Dis, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Young, Vincent B.; Schloss, Patrick D.] Univ Michigan, Sch Med, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Raffals, Laura H.] Mayo Clin, Dept Internal Med, Div Gastroenterol & Hepatol, Rochester, MN USA. [Huse, Susan M.; Grim, Sharon L.; Vineis, Joseph H.; Morrison, Hilary G.; Eren, A. Murat; Sogin, Mitchell L.] Marine Biol Lab, Josephine Bay Paul Ctr, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA. [Vital, Marius; Tiedje, James M.] Michigan State Univ, Ctr Microbial Ecol, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Dai, Dongjuan; Schmidt, Thomas M.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Microbiol & Mol Genet, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Brulc, Jennifer M.; Antonopoulos, Dionysios A.; Meyer, Folker] Argonne Natl Lab, Inst Genom & Syst Biol, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Arrieta, Rose L.; Kwon, John H.; Reddy, K. Gautham; Hubert, Nathaniel A.; Dalal, Sushila; Chang, Eugene B.] Univ Chicago, Dept Med, Gastroenterol Sect, Knapp Ctr Biomed Discovery, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. RP Young, VB (reprint author), Dept Internal Med, Div Infect Dis, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. EM youngvi@umich.edu OI Eren, A. Murat/0000-0001-9013-4827; Morrison, Hilary/0000-0003-0281-326X; Young, Vincent/0000-0003-3687-2364; Schloss, Patrick/0000-0002-6935-4275; Schmidt, Thomas/0000-0002-8209-6055 FU NIH Human Microbiome Project Demonstration Project Award [UH2/3 DK083993]; Leona M. and Harry B. Helmsley Foundation [R01HG005975]; Crohn's and Colitis Foundation of America Award; [P30DK42086] FX The main funding for the work came from an NIH Human Microbiome Project Demonstration Project Award (UH2/3 DK083993) to VY, GC, TS, MS, FM and JT. Additional funding for elements of the work came from P30DK42086 and the Leona M. and Harry B. Helmsley Foundation to EC, R01HG005975 to PDS, and a Crohn's and Colitis Foundation of America Award to LR. NR 34 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 2 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 2049-2618 J9 MICROBIOME JI Microbiome PY 2013 VL 1 AR 9 DI 10.1186/2049-2618-1-9 PG 11 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA V40VZ UT WOS:000209507400009 PM 24451366 ER PT B AU Kim, B Hopcroft, MA Candler, RN AF Kim, Bongsang Hopcroft, Matthew A. Candler, Rob N. BE Kaul, AB TI Silicon MEMS Resonators for Timing Applications SO MICROELECTRONICS TO NANOELECTRONICS: MATERIALS, DEVICES & MANUFACTURABILITY LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID SINGLE-CRYSTAL SILICON; MICROMECHANICAL DISK RESONATOR; BEAM RESONATORS; QUALITY FACTOR; TEMPERATURE COMPENSATION; MECHANICAL RESONATORS; SUPPORT LOSS; OSCILLATORS; CANTILEVERS; POLYSILICON AB This chapter includes a review of MEMS resonators for use as frequency references and filters. Basic modeling and transduction techniques for resonators are described with emphasis on capacitive transduction. A brief history of resonator architectures is given, beginning with early devices consisting of linear comb drive actuators and flexural beams to later devices utilizing bulk resonant modes and parallel plate actuation. The underlying causes of frequency instability are described, with emphasis on the dependence of frequency upon temperature. Descriptions are provided for the various energy dissipation mechanisms that are central to determining the quality factors of resonators. The concept of coupled resonators for narrow-band frequency filters is also covered. C1 [Kim, Bongsang] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Hopcroft, Matthew A.] Hewlett Packard Labs, Palo Alto, CA USA. [Candler, Rob N.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Elect Engn, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. RP Kim, B (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 82 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4665-0955-9; 978-1-4665-0954-2 PY 2013 BP 79 EP 107 PG 29 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics GA BC6DP UT WOS:000353824200006 ER PT J AU Bhat, R Belardi, B Kuo, P Le, QT Bertozzi, CR Bissell, MJ AF Bhat, R. Belardi, B. Kuo, P. Le, Q-T. Bertozzi, C. R. Bissell, M. J. TI Nuclear translocation of Galectin-1 induces invasion and branching of mammary epithelia through a lactose-independent mechanism SO MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF THE CELL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Bhat, R.; Bissell, M. J.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Life Sci Div, Berkeley, CA USA. [Belardi, B.; Bertozzi, C. R.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Belardi, B.; Bertozzi, C. R.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Mol & Cell Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Belardi, B.; Bertozzi, C. R.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Howard Hughes Med Inst, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Kuo, P.; Le, Q-T.] Stanford Univ, Radiat Oncol, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER SOC CELL BIOLOGY PI BETHESDA PA 8120 WOODMONT AVE, STE 750, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2755 USA SN 1059-1524 EI 1939-4586 J9 MOL BIOL CELL JI Mol. Biol. Cell PY 2013 VL 24 MA 1434 PG 2 WC Cell Biology SC Cell Biology GA V38MY UT WOS:000209348702338 ER PT J AU Busch, DJ Houser, JR Jose, JT Sherman, MB Hayden, CC Lafer, EM Stachowiak, JC AF Busch, D. J. Houser, J. R. Jose, J. T. Sherman, M. B. Hayden, C. C. Lafer, E. M. Stachowiak, J. C. TI Molecular crowding and membrane scaffolding drive membrane curvature synergistically in clathrin coated pits SO MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF THE CELL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Busch, D. J.; Houser, J. R.; Jose, J. T.; Stachowiak, J. C.] Univ Texas Austin, Biomed Engn, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Sherman, M. B.] Univ Texas Med Branch, Biochem & Mol Biol, Galveston, TX 77555 USA. [Sherman, M. B.] Sealy Ctr Struct Biol & Mol Biophys, Galveston, TX USA. [Sherman, M. B.] Sealy Ctr Vaccine Dev, Galveston, TX USA. [Sherman, M. B.] Inst Human Infect & Immun, Galveston, TX USA. [Hayden, C. C.] Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA USA. [Lafer, E. M.] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr San Antonio, Biochem, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER SOC CELL BIOLOGY PI BETHESDA PA 8120 WOODMONT AVE, STE 750, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2755 USA SN 1059-1524 EI 1939-4586 J9 MOL BIOL CELL JI Mol. Biol. Cell PY 2013 VL 24 MA 1262 PG 1 WC Cell Biology SC Cell Biology GA V38MY UT WOS:000209348702166 ER PT J AU Cerchiari, A Thomson, M Garbe, J Jee, N Todhunter, M Peehl, D Desai, T Labarge, M Gartner, ZJ AF Cerchiari, A. Thomson, M. Garbe, J. Jee, N. Todhunter, M. Peehl, D. Desai, T. Labarge, M. Gartner, Z. J. TI Cell-matrix interactions dominate cell-cell interactions in the sorting of human glandular epithelial cells SO MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF THE CELL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Cerchiari, A.; Garbe, J.; Jee, N.; Todhunter, M.; Gartner, Z. J.] UCSF, Pharmaceut Chem, San Francisco, CA USA. [Cerchiari, A.; Peehl, D.] UCSF, Bioengn & Therapeut Sci, San Francisco, CA USA. [Thomson, M.; Gartner, Z. J.] UCSF, Ctr Syst & Synthet Biol, San Francisco, CA USA. [Garbe, J.; Labarge, M.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Life Sci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Peehl, D.] Stanford Univ, Urol, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC CELL BIOLOGY PI BETHESDA PA 8120 WOODMONT AVE, STE 750, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2755 USA SN 1059-1524 EI 1939-4586 J9 MOL BIOL CELL JI Mol. Biol. Cell PY 2013 VL 24 MA 105 PG 2 WC Cell Biology SC Cell Biology GA V38MY UT WOS:000209348705387 ER PT J AU Cerchiari, A Thomson, M Garbe, J Jee, N Todhunter, M Peehl, D Desai, T Labarge, M Gartner, ZJ AF Cerchiari, A. Thomson, M. Garbe, J. Jee, N. Todhunter, M. Peehl, D. Desai, T. Labarge, M. Gartner, Z. J. TI Cell-matrix interactions dominate cell-cell interactions in the sorting of human glandular epithelial cells SO MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF THE CELL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Cerchiari, A.; Garbe, J.; Jee, N.; Todhunter, M.; Gartner, Z. J.] UCSF, Pharmaceut Chem, San Francisco, CA USA. [Cerchiari, A.; Desai, T.] UCSF, Bioengn & Therapeut Sci, San Francisco, CA USA. [Thomson, M.; Gartner, Z. J.] UCSF, Ctr Syst & Synthet Biol, San Francisco, CA USA. [Garbe, J.; Labarge, M.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Life Sci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Peehl, D.] Stanford Univ, Urol, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC CELL BIOLOGY PI BETHESDA PA 8120 WOODMONT AVE, STE 750, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2755 USA SN 1059-1524 EI 1939-4586 J9 MOL BIOL CELL JI Mol. Biol. Cell PY 2013 VL 24 MA 1558 PG 1 WC Cell Biology SC Cell Biology GA V38MY UT WOS:000209348703053 ER PT J AU Greene, AC Lord, SJ Tian, A Groves, JT AF Greene, A. C. Lord, S. J. Tian, A. Groves, J. T. TI Spatio-Mechanical Regulation of EphA2 at the Cell-Cell Interface Regulates Trans-Endocytosis of EphrinA1 SO MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF THE CELL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Greene, A. C.; Lord, S. J.; Tian, A.; Groves, J. T.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Howard Hughes Med Inst, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Greene, A. C.; Lord, S. J.; Tian, A.; Groves, J. T.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Greene, A. C.; Lord, S. J.; Tian, A.; Groves, J. T.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Greene, A. C.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mol & Cell Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC CELL BIOLOGY PI BETHESDA PA 8120 WOODMONT AVE, STE 750, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2755 USA SN 1059-1524 EI 1939-4586 J9 MOL BIOL CELL JI Mol. Biol. Cell PY 2013 VL 24 MA 1268 PG 1 WC Cell Biology SC Cell Biology GA V38MY UT WOS:000209348702172 ER PT J AU Johnston, RK Rogelj, S Harper, J Tartis, M AF Johnston, R. K. Rogelj, S. Harper, J. Tartis, M. TI Silica encapsulation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae for development of a robust cell-based biosensor SO MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF THE CELL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Johnston, R. K.] New Mexico Inst Min & Technol, Mat Engn, Socorro, NM USA. [Rogelj, S.] New Mexico Inst Min & Technol, Biol, Socorro, NM USA. [Harper, J.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Tartis, M.] New Mexico Inst Min & Technol, Chem Engn, Socorro, NM USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC CELL BIOLOGY PI BETHESDA PA 8120 WOODMONT AVE, STE 750, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2755 USA SN 1059-1524 EI 1939-4586 J9 MOL BIOL CELL JI Mol. Biol. Cell PY 2013 VL 24 MA 1823 PG 1 WC Cell Biology SC Cell Biology GA V38MY UT WOS:000209348703318 ER PT J AU Ng, W Webster, KD Fletcher, DA AF Ng, W. Webster, K. D. Fletcher, D. A. TI Tension regulation in single fibroblasts SO MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF THE CELL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Ng, W.; Fletcher, D. A.] Univ Calif Berkeley, UCSF Joint Grad Grp Bioengn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Ng, W.; Webster, K. D.; Fletcher, D. A.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Bioengn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Webster, K. D.; Fletcher, D. A.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Biophys, Berkeley, CA USA. [Fletcher, D. A.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC CELL BIOLOGY PI BETHESDA PA 8120 WOODMONT AVE, STE 750, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2755 USA SN 1059-1524 EI 1939-4586 J9 MOL BIOL CELL JI Mol. Biol. Cell PY 2013 VL 24 MA 532 PG 1 WC Cell Biology SC Cell Biology GA V38MY UT WOS:000209348700275 ER PT J AU Ren, G Zhang, L Peng, B Lu, Z Rames, M Wong, E Lei, D Zhang, M AF Ren, G. Zhang, L. Peng, B. Lu, Z. Rames, M. Wong, E. Lei, D. Zhang, M. TI Structure of protein, virus, bacteria and cell in liquid solution by electron microscopy SO MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF THE CELL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Ren, G.; Zhang, L.; Peng, B.; Lu, Z.; Rames, M.; Wong, E.; Lei, D.; Zhang, M.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Mol Foundry, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER SOC CELL BIOLOGY PI BETHESDA PA 8120 WOODMONT AVE, STE 750, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2755 USA SN 1059-1524 EI 1939-4586 J9 MOL BIOL CELL JI Mol. Biol. Cell PY 2013 VL 24 MA 1089 PG 2 WC Cell Biology SC Cell Biology GA V38MY UT WOS:000209348701413 ER PT J AU Ricca, BL Smith, MD Venugopalan, G Cate, JH Fletcher, DA AF Ricca, B. L. Smith, M. D. Venugopalan, G. Cate, J. H. Fletcher, D. A. TI Analysis of gene expression in mechanically-induced phenotypic reversion of malignant breast epithelial cells SO MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF THE CELL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Ricca, B. L.; Venugopalan, G.; Fletcher, D. A.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Bioengn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Smith, M. D.; Cate, J. H.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mol & Cell Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Cate, J. H.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Cate, J. H.; Fletcher, D. A.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC CELL BIOLOGY PI BETHESDA PA 8120 WOODMONT AVE, STE 750, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2755 USA SN 1059-1524 EI 1939-4586 J9 MOL BIOL CELL JI Mol. Biol. Cell PY 2013 VL 24 MA 919 PG 1 WC Cell Biology SC Cell Biology GA V38MY UT WOS:000209348701243 ER PT J AU Turk, E Wills, A Howes, S Nogales, E Wallingford, J Stearns, T AF Turk, E. Wills, A. Howes, S. Nogales, E. Wallingford, J. Stearns, T. TI Characterization of eta-tubulin in vertebrate cells SO MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF THE CELL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Turk, E.; Stearns, T.] Stanford Univ, Dept Biol, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Wills, A.] Univ Texas Austin, Sect Mol Cell & Dev Biol, College Stn, TX USA. [Howes, S.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Biophys Grad Program, Berkeley, CA USA. [Nogales, E.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Nogales, E.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Howard Hughes Med Inst, Dept Mol & Cell Biol, Berkeley, CA USA. [Wallingford, J.] Univ Texas Austin, Howard Hughes Med Inst, Sect Mol Cell & Dev Biol, College Stn, TX USA. [Stearns, T.] Stanford Sch Med, Dept Genet, Stanford, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC CELL BIOLOGY PI BETHESDA PA 8120 WOODMONT AVE, STE 750, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2755 USA SN 1059-1524 EI 1939-4586 J9 MOL BIOL CELL JI Mol. Biol. Cell PY 2013 VL 24 MA 1961 PG 2 WC Cell Biology SC Cell Biology GA V38MY UT WOS:000209348704068 ER PT B AU Mahimwalla, Z Yager, KG Mamiya, J Shishido, A Barrett, CJ AF Mahimwalla, Zahid Yager, Kevin G. Mamiya, Jun-ichi Shishido, Atsushi Barrett, Christopher J. BE Knopf, GK Otani, Y TI Photo-Mechanical Azo Polymers for Light-Powered Actuation and Artificial Muscles SO OPTICAL NANO AND MICRO ACTUATOR TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID SURFACE-RELIEF GRATINGS; LIQUID-CRYSTALLINE POLYMER; CIS-TRANS-ISOMERIZATION; SIDE-CHAIN POLYMERS; ISOTHERMAL PHASE-TRANSITION; LANGMUIR-BLODGETT-FILMS; OPTICAL NEAR-FIELD; POLARIZATION HOLOGRAPHIC GRATINGS; AMORPHOUS MOLECULAR MATERIAL; ATOMIC-FORCE MICROSCOPY C1 [Mahimwalla, Zahid; Barrett, Christopher J.] McGill Univ, Dept Chem, Montreal, PQ, Canada. [Yager, Kevin G.] Brookhaven Labs, Upton, NY USA. [Mamiya, Jun-ichi; Shishido, Atsushi] Tokyo Inst Technol, Chem Resources Labs, Yokohama, Kanagawa 227, Japan. RP Mahimwalla, Z (reprint author), McGill Univ, Dept Chem, Montreal, PQ, Canada. RI Shishido, Atsushi/E-5176-2014 OI Shishido, Atsushi/0000-0002-0396-5874 NR 367 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4398-4054-2; 978-1-4398-4053-5 PY 2013 BP 107 EP 151 PG 45 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA BD6DS UT WOS:000362099100007 ER PT S AU Shinozaki, K Pivovar, BS Kocha, SS AF Shinozaki, Kazuma Pivovar, Bryan S. Kocha, Shyam S. BE Gasteiger, HA Weber, A Shinohara, K Uchida, H Mitsushima, S Schmidt, TJ Narayanan, SR Ramani, V Fuller, T Edmundson, M Strasser, P Mantz, R Fenton, J Buchi, FN Hansen, DC Jones, DL Coutanceau, C SwiderLyons, K Perry, KA TI Enhanced Oxygen Reduction Activity on Pt/C for Nafion-free, Thin, Uniform Films in Rotating Disk Electrode Studies SO POLYMER ELECTROLYTE FUEL CELLS 13 (PEFC 13) SE ECS Transactions LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 13th Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell Symposium (PEFC) CY OCT 27-NOV 01, 2013 CL San Francisco, CA SP Electrochem Soc, Electrochem Soc, Ind Electrochemistry & Electrochem Engn Div, Electrochem Soc, Battery Div, Electrochem Soc, Corros Div, Electrochem Soc, Energy Technol Div, Electrochem Soc, Phys & Analyt Electrochemistry Div, N E Chemcat Corp ID IMPEDANCE SPECTROSCOPY; CATALYST; PLATINUM; ELECTROCATALYSTS; ACID; SIZE; RESISTANCE; SURFACES; ALLOY AB Commercially available nanoparticle platinum on high surface area carbon black (Pt/HSC) electrocatalysts were characterized in rotating disk electrode (RDE) setups using varying ink formulations and film drying techniques in an attempt to obtain thin, uniform films and reproducible activity. Electrodes prepared from Nafion-free inks that were dried under an isopropyl alcohol (IPA) atmosphere produced uniform, thin films at low electrocatalyst loadings of similar to 4.5 mu g/cm(Pt)(2). These Nafion-free/IPA-dried electrodes were found to exhibit oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) activities higher than conventional Nafion-based/Air-dried electrodes by a factor of similar to 2.8. The magnitude of mass and specific activities were determined to be i(m)similar to 771 +/- 56 mA/mg(Pt) and i(s)similar to 812 +/- 59 mA/cm(Pt)(2) respectively and appear to be the highest values reported for RDE measurements on Pt/HSC in 0.1M HClO4 at 20 mV/s and 25 degrees C. Electrochemical diagnostics including ORR I-V profiles, cyclic voltammograms and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) studies were conducted to investigate the thin film Pt/HSC electrodes and correlate results to film morphology and electrochemical activity. C1 [Shinozaki, Kazuma; Pivovar, Bryan S.; Kocha, Shyam S.] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Shinozaki, Kazuma] Colorado Sch Mines, Dept Chem, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Shinozaki, Kazuma] Toyota Cent Res & Dev Labs Inc, Nagakute, Aichi 4801192, Japan. RP Shinozaki, K (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, 1617 Cole Blvd, Golden, CO 80401 USA. NR 25 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 8 U2 28 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 S MAIN ST, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534-2839 USA SN 1938-5862 BN 978-1-60768-446-6; 978-1-60768-445-9 J9 ECS TRANSACTIONS PY 2013 VL 58 IS 1 BP 15 EP 26 DI 10.1149/05801.0015ecst PG 12 WC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels SC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels GA BC6TH UT WOS:000354475600002 ER PT S AU Rodgers, MP Bonville, LJ Mukundan, R Borup, R Ahluwalia, R Beattie, P Brooker, RP Mohajeri, N Kunz, HR Slattery, DK Fenton, JM AF Rodgers, M. P. Bonville, L. J. Mukundan, R. Borup, R. Ahluwalia, R. Beattie, P. Brooker, R. P. Mohajeri, N. Kunz, H. R. Slattery, D. K. Fenton, J. M. BE Gasteiger, HA Weber, A Shinohara, K Uchida, H Mitsushima, S Schmidt, TJ Narayanan, SR Ramani, V Fuller, T Edmundson, M Strasser, P Mantz, R Fenton, J Buchi, FN Hansen, DC Jones, DL Coutanceau, C SwiderLyons, K Perry, KA TI Perfluorinated Sulfonic Acid Membrane and Membrane Electrode Assembly Degradation Correlating Accelerated Stress Testing and Lifetime Testing SO POLYMER ELECTROLYTE FUEL CELLS 13 (PEFC 13) SE ECS Transactions LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 13th Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell Symposium (PEFC) CY OCT 27-NOV 01, 2013 CL San Francisco, CA SP Electrochem Soc, Electrochem Soc, Ind Electrochemistry & Electrochem Engn Div, Electrochem Soc, Battery Div, Electrochem Soc, Corros Div, Electrochem Soc, Energy Technol Div, Electrochem Soc, Phys & Analyt Electrochemistry Div, N E Chemcat Corp ID PROTON-EXCHANGE MEMBRANE; PEM FUEL-CELL; HIGH HUMIDITY CONDITIONS; POLYMER ELECTROLYTE; PERFLUOROSULFONIC ACID; COMPOSITE MEMBRANES; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; CHEMICAL DEGRADATION; PERFORMANCE DEGRADATION; PLATINUM DISSOLUTION AB An important step in achieving fundamental understanding of fuel cell failure mechanisms and development of technology to mitigate these failures is accomplished by analysis of directed lifetime and failure test results. Several lifetime, accelerated stress, and drive cycle test protocols have been developed and carried out. The two major ASTs that have been developed to evaluate membrane degradation are 1) Open circuit voltage tests, which are designed to accelerate chemical degradation, and 2) Relative humidity cycling tests, which are designed to accelerate mechanical degradation. The results from these tests have been compared to field tests. The ultimate goal is to use the laboratory tests to predict data in the field. An overall predictive decay model is being developed through a combination of specific modeling and tests. C1 [Rodgers, M. P.; Bonville, L. J.; Brooker, R. P.; Mohajeri, N.; Kunz, H. R.; Slattery, D. K.; Fenton, J. M.] Univ Cent Florida, Florida Solar Energy Ctr, Cocoa, FL 32922 USA. [Mukundan, R.; Borup, R.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Elect & Electrochem Mat & Devices Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Ahluwalia, R.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Beattie, P.] Ballard Power Syst, Burnaby, BC V5J 5J8, Canada. RP Rodgers, MP (reprint author), Univ Cent Florida, Florida Solar Energy Ctr, 1679 Clearlake Rd, Cocoa, FL 32922 USA. OI Brooker, Robert Paul/0000-0001-7492-0158; Mukundan, Rangachary/0000-0002-5679-3930 NR 94 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 3 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 S MAIN ST, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534-2839 USA SN 1938-5862 BN 978-1-60768-446-6; 978-1-60768-445-9 J9 ECS TRANSACTIONS PY 2013 VL 58 IS 1 BP 129 EP 148 DI 10.1149/05801.0129ecst PG 20 WC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels SC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels GA BC6TH UT WOS:000354475600013 ER PT S AU Hussey, DS Spernjak, D Wu, G Jacobson, DL Liu, D Khaykovich, B Gubarev, MV Fairweather, J Mukundan, R Lujan, R Zelenay, P Borup, RL AF Hussey, D. S. Spernjak, D. Wu, G. Jacobson, D. L. Liu, D. Khaykovich, B. Gubarev, M. V. Fairweather, J. Mukundan, R. Lujan, R. Zelenay, P. Borup, R. L. BE Gasteiger, HA Weber, A Shinohara, K Uchida, H Mitsushima, S Schmidt, TJ Narayanan, SR Ramani, V Fuller, T Edmundson, M Strasser, P Mantz, R Fenton, J Buchi, FN Hansen, DC Jones, DL Coutanceau, C SwiderLyons, K Perry, KA TI Neutron Imaging Of Water Transport In Polymer-Electrolyte Membranes And Membrane-Electrode Assemblies SO POLYMER ELECTROLYTE FUEL CELLS 13 (PEFC 13) SE ECS Transactions LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 13th Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell Symposium (PEFC) CY OCT 27-NOV 01, 2013 CL San Francisco, CA SP Electrochem Soc, Electrochem Soc, Ind Electrochemistry & Electrochem Engn Div, Electrochem Soc, Battery Div, Electrochem Soc, Corros Div, Electrochem Soc, Energy Technol Div, Electrochem Soc, Phys & Analyt Electrochemistry Div, N E Chemcat Corp AB Neutron imaging was been widely used to study the water distribution in proton exchange membrane fuel cell flow fields and gas diffusion layer. However, due to the limitation of spatial resolution, there has been little focus on the water transport process in the membrane and catalyst layer. Here we report on measurements made on thick membranes under saturation gradients which show no "jump condition" and on thick cathode catalyst layers to understand the water transport issues in a non-precious metal catalyst. Finally, we speculate on the possibility of obtaining neutron images with similar to 1 mu m spatial resolution. C1 [Hussey, D. S.; Jacobson, D. L.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. [Spernjak, D.; Wu, G.; Fairweather, J.; Mukundan, R.; Lujan, R.; Zelenay, P.; Borup, R. L.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Liu, D.; Khaykovich, B.] MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Gubarev, M. V.] NASA, Marshall Space Flight Ctr, Huntsville, AL 35812 USA. RP Hussey, DS (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. RI Wu, Gang/E-8536-2010; Khaykovich, Boris/A-7376-2012; OI Wu, Gang/0000-0003-4956-5208; Khaykovich, Boris/0000-0002-9490-2771; Mukundan, Rangachary/0000-0002-5679-3930 NR 12 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 4 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 S MAIN ST, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534-2839 USA SN 1938-5862 BN 978-1-60768-446-6; 978-1-60768-445-9 J9 ECS TRANSACTIONS PY 2013 VL 58 IS 1 BP 293 EP 299 DI 10.1149/05801.0293ecst PG 7 WC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels SC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels GA BC6TH UT WOS:000354475600027 ER PT S AU Fairweather, JD Spernjak, D Spendelow, J Mukundan, R Hussey, D Jacobson, D Borup, RL AF Fairweather, J. D. Spernjak, D. Spendelow, J. Mukundan, R. Hussey, D. Jacobson, D. Borup, R. L. BE Gasteiger, HA Weber, A Shinohara, K Uchida, H Mitsushima, S Schmidt, TJ Narayanan, SR Ramani, V Fuller, T Edmundson, M Strasser, P Mantz, R Fenton, J Buchi, FN Hansen, DC Jones, DL Coutanceau, C SwiderLyons, K Perry, KA TI Evaluation of Transient Water Content During PEMFC Operational Cycles by Stroboscopic Neutron Imaging SO POLYMER ELECTROLYTE FUEL CELLS 13 (PEFC 13) SE ECS Transactions LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 13th Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell Symposium (PEFC) CY OCT 27-NOV 01, 2013 CL San Francisco, CA SP Electrochem Soc, Electrochem Soc, Ind Electrochemistry & Electrochem Engn Div, Electrochem Soc, Battery Div, Electrochem Soc, Corros Div, Electrochem Soc, Energy Technol Div, Electrochem Soc, Phys & Analyt Electrochemistry Div, N E Chemcat Corp ID FUEL-CELLS; LIQUID WATER AB A method is demonstrated for increasing the effective temporal resolution of neutron imaging, by averaging a consistent time window across multiple PEMFC operational cycles. Rapid water transients are captured during the current density and humidity changes of a cell durability protocol. The response of different cell components is compared by in-plane imaging, while temperature variation and upstream effects are observed by through-plane imaging of larger cells. C1 [Fairweather, J. D.; Spernjak, D.; Spendelow, J.; Mukundan, R.; Borup, R. L.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Hussey, D.; Jacobson, D.] NIST, Phys Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. RP Fairweather, JD (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. OI Mukundan, Rangachary/0000-0002-5679-3930 NR 8 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 S MAIN ST, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534-2839 USA SN 1938-5862 BN 978-1-60768-446-6; 978-1-60768-445-9 J9 ECS TRANSACTIONS PY 2013 VL 58 IS 1 BP 301 EP 307 DI 10.1149/05801.0301ecst PG 7 WC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels SC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels GA BC6TH UT WOS:000354475600028 ER PT S AU Banham, D Ye, SY Cheng, T Knights, S Stewart, SM Garzon, F AF Banham, Dustin Ye, Siyu Cheng, Tommy Knights, Shanna Michael Stewart, S. Garzon, Fernando BE Gasteiger, HA Weber, A Shinohara, K Uchida, H Mitsushima, S Schmidt, TJ Narayanan, SR Ramani, V Fuller, T Edmundson, M Strasser, P Mantz, R Fenton, J Buchi, FN Hansen, DC Jones, DL Coutanceau, C SwiderLyons, K Perry, KA TI Impact of CeOx Additives on Cathode Catalyst Layer Poisoning SO POLYMER ELECTROLYTE FUEL CELLS 13 (PEFC 13) SE ECS Transactions LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 13th Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell Symposium (PEFC) CY OCT 27-NOV 01, 2013 CL San Francisco, CA SP Electrochem Soc, Electrochem Soc, Ind Electrochemistry & Electrochem Engn Div, Electrochem Soc, Battery Div, Electrochem Soc, Corros Div, Electrochem Soc, Energy Technol Div, Electrochem Soc, Phys & Analyt Electrochemistry Div, N E Chemcat Corp ID OXIDE NANOPARTICLES; DEGRADATION; DURABILITY; CERIUM AB The impact of CeOx crystallite size on CeOx dissolution was investigated. Three CeOx additives were prepared having crystallite sizes of 6, 13, or 25 nm. An ex-situ method was developed to evaluate the chemical stability of these three CeOx samples, as well as one commercially available CeOx. It was determined that surface area, rather than crystallite size, is the best predictor of chemical stability. In-situ membrane electrode assembly (MEA) testing of the four CeOx additives demonstrated that prior to accelerated stress testing (AST), negligible dissolution of the CeOx additives occurs. Following AST cycling, it was found that end of life (EOL) performance was identical regardless of differences in total CeOx dissolution observed from the ex-situ testing. Finally, it was shown that increasing the anode RH during AST cycling leads to significantly higher EOL performance losses which was attributed to increased CeOx dissolution. C1 [Banham, Dustin; Ye, Siyu; Cheng, Tommy; Knights, Shanna] Ballard Power Syst, Burnaby, BC V5J 5J8, Canada. [Michael Stewart, S.] Univ New Mexico, Dept Chem Engn, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [Garzon, Fernando] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Sensors & Electrochem Devices, Los Alamos, NM USA. RP Banham, D (reprint author), Ballard Power Syst, 9000 Glenlyon Pkwy, Burnaby, BC V5J 5J8, Canada. NR 15 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 S MAIN ST, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534-2839 USA SN 1938-5862 BN 978-1-60768-446-6; 978-1-60768-445-9 J9 ECS TRANSACTIONS PY 2013 VL 58 IS 1 BP 369 EP 380 DI 10.1149/05801.0369ecst PG 12 WC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels SC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels GA BC6TH UT WOS:000354475600036 ER PT S AU Sarode, H Vandiver, MA Caire, B Liu, Y Horan, JL Yang, YT Li, YF Herbst, D Lindberg, GE Tse, YLS Seifert, S Coughlin, EB Knauss, DM Yan, YS Voth, GA Witten, TA Liberatore, MW Herring, AM AF Sarode, Himanshu Vandiver, Melissa A. Caire, Benjamin Liu, Ye Horan, James L. Yang, Yating Li, Yifan Herbst, Daniel Lindberg, Gerrick E. Tse, Ying-Lung Steven Seifert, Soenke Coughlin, E. Bryan Knauss, Daniel M. Yan, Yushan Voth, Gregory A. Witten, Thomas A. Liberatore, Matthew W. Herring, Andrew M. BE Gasteiger, HA Weber, A Shinohara, K Uchida, H Mitsushima, S Schmidt, TJ Narayanan, SR Ramani, V Fuller, T Edmundson, M Strasser, P Mantz, R Fenton, J Buchi, FN Hansen, DC Jones, DL Coutanceau, C SwiderLyons, K Perry, KA TI Progress Towards Robust Anion Exchange Membranes for Fuel Cell Applications SO POLYMER ELECTROLYTE FUEL CELLS 13 (PEFC 13) SE ECS Transactions LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 13th Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell Symposium (PEFC) CY OCT 27-NOV 01, 2013 CL San Francisco, CA SP Electrochem Soc, Electrochem Soc, Ind Electrochemistry & Electrochem Engn Div, Electrochem Soc, Battery Div, Electrochem Soc, Corros Div, Electrochem Soc, Energy Technol Div, Electrochem Soc, Phys & Analyt Electrochemistry Div, N E Chemcat Corp ID POLYMER BRUSH; DEGRADATION; DURABILITY AB Extensive transport and modeling studies have been performed on a series of polymers based on vinylbenzyltrimethylamonium cations. Flouride is used as a non-reactive surrogate for hydroxide to increase the computational efficiency of transport calculations that can be performed. Interesting effects of water and residual chloride in the film have been explained. In ordered di-block polymers we have strong theoretical evidence for narrow water domains that facilitate rapid transport of anions. With this model we will be able to predict diblock polymer structures that require less water for efficient anion transport. In addition to these studies we are discovering new base stable polymer backbones and cations. A large part of this effort is dedicated to discovering new methods for the production of robust thin anion exchange membranes. C1 [Sarode, Himanshu; Caire, Benjamin; Liu, Ye; Horan, James L.; Liberatore, Matthew W.; Herring, Andrew M.] Colorado Sch Mines, Dept Chem & Biol Engn, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Yang, Yating; Li, Yifan; Knauss, Daniel M.] Colorado Sch Mines, Dept Chem & Geochem, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Coughlin, E. Bryan] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Polymer Sci & Engn, Conte Res Ctr, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. [Yan, Yushan] Univ Delaware, Dept Chem Engn, Newark, DE 19716 USA. [Lindberg, Gerrick E.; Tse, Ying-Lung Steven; Voth, Gregory A.] Univ Chicago, James Franck Inst, Dept Chem, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Herbst, Daniel; Witten, Thomas A.] Univ Chicago, James Franck Inst, Dept Phys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Herbst, Daniel; Witten, Thomas A.] Univ Chicago, Computat Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Seifert, Soenke] Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Sarode, H (reprint author), Colorado Sch Mines, Dept Chem & Biol Engn, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RI Liberatore, Matthew/B-6828-2008; OI Herbst, Daniel/0000-0002-7154-6540; Li, Yifan/0000-0002-9142-0232; Herring, Andrew/0000-0001-7318-5999 NR 24 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 S MAIN ST, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534-2839 USA SN 1938-5862 BN 978-1-60768-446-6; 978-1-60768-445-9 J9 ECS TRANSACTIONS PY 2013 VL 58 IS 1 BP 393 EP 404 DI 10.1149/05801.0393ecst PG 12 WC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels SC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels GA BC6TH UT WOS:000354475600038 ER PT S AU Kim, YS Fujimoto, C Hibbs, M Choe, YK Kim, DS Chung, H Yim, SD AF Kim, Yu Seung Fujimoto, Cy Hibbs, Michael Choe, Yoong-Kee Kim, Dae-Sik Chung, Hoon Yim, Sung Dae BE Gasteiger, HA Weber, A Shinohara, K Uchida, H Mitsushima, S Schmidt, TJ Narayanan, SR Ramani, V Fuller, T Edmundson, M Strasser, P Mantz, R Fenton, J Buchi, FN Hansen, DC Jones, DL Coutanceau, C SwiderLyons, K Perry, KA TI Molecular Design Aspect of Anion Exchange Polymer Electrolytes SO POLYMER ELECTROLYTE FUEL CELLS 13 (PEFC 13) SE ECS Transactions LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 13th Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell Symposium (PEFC) CY OCT 27-NOV 01, 2013 CL San Francisco, CA SP Electrochem Soc, Electrochem Soc, Ind Electrochemistry & Electrochem Engn Div, Electrochem Soc, Battery Div, Electrochem Soc, Corros Div, Electrochem Soc, Energy Technol Div, Electrochem Soc, Phys & Analyt Electrochemistry Div, N E Chemcat Corp ID ALKALINE FUEL-CELL; MEMBRANES; BACKBONE; SPECTROSCOPY; DEGRADATION; STABILITY AB Anion exchange polymer electrolytes play an important role both in separator (membrane) and in electrode binder (ionomer). Depending on their role, polymer electrolytes must possess certain properties which are essential to improve the alkaline membrane fuel cell performance & durability. In this study, we will present molecular design aspects of anion exchange polymer electrolytes for the use of membranes and ionomeric binders. In-depth studies on chemical degradation of polyaromatic anion exchange membranes and importance of perfluoirnated structure in the catalyst layer will be discussed in addition to the effects of cation type on chemical degradation and interaction with electro-catalysis. C1 [Kim, Yu Seung; Kim, Dae-Sik; Chung, Hoon] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Sensors & Electrochem Device Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Fujimoto, Cy; Hibbs, Michael] Sandia Natl Labs, Mat Devices & Energy Technol Grp, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Choe, Yoong-Kee] Natl Inst Adv Ind Sci & Technol, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058575, Japan. [Yim, Sung Dae] Korea Inst Energy Res, Hydeogen & Fuel Cell Dept, Taejon 305343, South Korea. RP Kim, YS (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Sensors & Electrochem Device Grp, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Choe, Yoong-Kee/A-9635-2008; OI Chung, Hoon/0000-0002-5367-9294 NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 7 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 S MAIN ST, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534-2839 USA SN 1938-5862 BN 978-1-60768-446-6; 978-1-60768-445-9 J9 ECS TRANSACTIONS PY 2013 VL 58 IS 1 BP 417 EP 423 DI 10.1149/05801.0417ecst PG 7 WC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels SC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels GA BC6TH UT WOS:000354475600040 ER PT S AU Bittinat, DC Bender, G Porter, JM Ulsh, M AF Bittinat, D. C. Bender, G. Porter, J. M. Ulsh, M. BE Gasteiger, HA Weber, A Shinohara, K Uchida, H Mitsushima, S Schmidt, TJ Narayanan, SR Ramani, V Fuller, T Edmundson, M Strasser, P Mantz, R Fenton, J Buchi, FN Hansen, DC Jones, DL Coutanceau, C SwiderLyons, K Perry, KA TI Defect Detection in Fuel Cell Gas Diffusion Electrodes Using Infrared Thermography SO POLYMER ELECTROLYTE FUEL CELLS 13 (PEFC 13) SE ECS Transactions LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 13th Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell Symposium (PEFC) CY OCT 27-NOV 01, 2013 CL San Francisco, CA SP Electrochem Soc, Electrochem Soc, Ind Electrochemistry & Electrochem Engn Div, Electrochem Soc, Battery Div, Electrochem Soc, Corros Div, Electrochem Soc, Energy Technol Div, Electrochem Soc, Phys & Analyt Electrochemistry Div, N E Chemcat Corp AB Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cells (PEMFCs) are energy conversion devices that offer high power densities and high efficiencies for mobile and other applications. Successful introduction into the marketplace requires addressing cost barriers such as production volumes and platinum contents. The electrode is currently a cost intensive component within PEMFCs because platinum is employed as the catalyst. For cost reduction, it is vital to maximize efficiency and minimize waste during the manufacturing of electrodes, including gas diffusion electrodes (GDEs), by developing quality control (QC) diagnostics for fuel cell materials that can be applied to the moving material during large scale production. In this work, we report on developing a QC diagnostic for GDEs, involving creating an exothermic reaction on the electrode surface and using infrared (IR) thermography to measure the resulting temperature profile. Experiments with a moving substrate were conducted to demonstrate the applicability of the diagnostic for real-time web-line inspection. C1 [Bittinat, D. C.; Porter, J. M.] Colorado Sch Mines, Dept Mech Engn, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Bender, G.; Ulsh, M.] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Bittinat, DC (reprint author), Colorado Sch Mines, Dept Mech Engn, Golden, CO 80401 USA. NR 3 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 S MAIN ST, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534-2839 USA SN 1938-5862 BN 978-1-60768-446-6; 978-1-60768-445-9 J9 ECS TRANSACTIONS PY 2013 VL 58 IS 1 BP 495 EP 503 DI 10.1149/05801.0495ecst PG 9 WC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels SC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels GA BC6TH UT WOS:000354475600049 ER PT S AU Srouji, AK Zheng, LJ Dross, R Mench, MM AF Srouji, A. K. Zheng, L. J. Dross, R. Mench, M. M. BE Gasteiger, HA Weber, A Shinohara, K Uchida, H Mitsushima, S Schmidt, TJ Narayanan, SR Ramani, V Fuller, T Edmundson, M Strasser, P Mantz, R Fenton, J Buchi, FN Hansen, DC Jones, DL Coutanceau, C SwiderLyons, K Perry, KA TI The Role of Water Management on the Oxygen Transport Resistance in Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell with Ultra-Low Precious Metal Loading SO POLYMER ELECTROLYTE FUEL CELLS 13 (PEFC 13) SE ECS Transactions LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 13th Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell Symposium (PEFC) CY OCT 27-NOV 01, 2013 CL San Francisco, CA SP Electrochem Soc, Electrochem Soc, Ind Electrochemistry & Electrochem Engn Div, Electrochem Soc, Battery Div, Electrochem Soc, Corros Div, Electrochem Soc, Energy Technol Div, Electrochem Soc, Phys & Analyt Electrochemistry Div, N E Chemcat Corp ID CATALYST LAYERS; MASS-TRANSPORT; AGGLOMERATE MODEL; SIZE DISTRIBUTION; FLOW-FIELD; PEFC; PERFORMANCE; IMPACT AB Limiting current measurements were used to evaluate oxygen transport resistance in the catalyst layer of a polymer electrolyte fuel cell (PEFC). The pressure independent oxygen transport resistance in the electrode was evaluated with two different cell architectures, and two different cathode Pt loadings (0.4 and 0.07 mgPt.cm(-2)). The total oxygen transport resistance is divided into intermolecular gas diffusion and a pressure independent component, which could be attributed to Knudsen diffusion or dissolution film resistance. The pressure-independent oxygen transport resistance in the catalyst layer was measured to vary between 13.3 and 34.4 s/m. It is shown that the pressure independent oxygen transport resistance increases with reduced Pt loading, but that effect is exacerbated by using conventional channel/lands. The results indicate that the open metallic element architecture improves the oxygen transport resistance in ultra-low Pt loading electrodes due to enhanced water management at the catalyst layer. C1 [Srouji, A. K.] Penn State Univ, Dept Energy & Mineral Engn, University Pk, PA 16801 USA. [Zheng, L. J.] Penn State Univ, Dept Mech & Nucl Engn, University Pk, PA 16801 USA. [Srouji, A. K.; Zheng, L. J.; Mench, M. M.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Mech Aerosp & Biomed Engn, Electrochem Energy Storage & Convers Lab, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Dross, R.] Nuvera Fuel Cells Inc, Billerica, MA 01821 USA. [Mench, M. M.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Energy & Transportat Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Srouji, AK (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Dept Energy & Mineral Engn, University Pk, PA 16801 USA. NR 26 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 5 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 S MAIN ST, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534-2839 USA SN 1938-5862 BN 978-1-60768-446-6; 978-1-60768-445-9 J9 ECS TRANSACTIONS PY 2013 VL 58 IS 1 BP 807 EP 818 DI 10.1149/05801.0807ecst PG 12 WC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels SC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels GA BC6TH UT WOS:000354475600079 ER PT S AU Dursch, TJ Liu, JF Trigub, GJ Radke, CJ Weber, AZ AF Dursch, T. J. Liu, J. F. Trigub, G. J. Radke, C. J. Weber, A. Z. BE Gasteiger, HA Weber, A Shinohara, K Uchida, H Mitsushima, S Schmidt, TJ Narayanan, SR Ramani, V Fuller, T Edmundson, M Strasser, P Mantz, R Fenton, J Buchi, FN Hansen, DC Jones, DL Coutanceau, C SwiderLyons, K Perry, KA TI Ice Crystallization During Cold-Start of a Proton-Exchange-Membrane Fuel Cell SO POLYMER ELECTROLYTE FUEL CELLS 13 (PEFC 13) SE ECS Transactions LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 13th Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell Symposium (PEFC) CY OCT 27-NOV 01, 2013 CL San Francisco, CA SP Electrochem Soc, Electrochem Soc, Ind Electrochemistry & Electrochem Engn Div, Electrochem Soc, Battery Div, Electrochem Soc, Corros Div, Electrochem Soc, Energy Technol Div, Electrochem Soc, Phys & Analyt Electrochemistry Div, N E Chemcat Corp ID GAS-DIFFUSION LAYER; MODEL; BEHAVIOR; KINETICS; WATER AB Under subfreezing conditions, ice forms in the gas-diffusion (GDL) and catalyst layers (CL) of proton-exchange-membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs), drastically reducing cell performance. Although a number of strategies exist to prevent ice formation, there is little fundamental understanding of ice-crystallization mechanisms and kinetics within PEMFC components. We incorporate recently developed ice-crystallization kinetic expressions (1-3) within the CL and GDL of a simplified 1-D transient PEMFC cold-start model. To investigate the importance of ice-crystallization kinetics, we compare liquid-water and ice saturations, and cell-failure time predicted using our kinetic rate expression relative to that predicted using a thermodynamic-based approach. We identify conditions under which ice-crystallization kinetics is critical and elucidate the impact of freezing kinetics on low-temperature PEMFC operation. C1 [Dursch, T. J.; Liu, J. F.; Trigub, G. J.; Radke, C. J.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Biomol & Chem Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Dursch, T. J.; Weber, A. Z.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Environm Energy Technol Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Radke, C. J.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Dursch, TJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Biomol & Chem Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 14 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 S MAIN ST, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534-2839 USA SN 1938-5862 BN 978-1-60768-446-6; 978-1-60768-445-9 J9 ECS TRANSACTIONS PY 2013 VL 58 IS 1 BP 897 EP 905 DI 10.1149/05801.0897ecst PG 9 WC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels SC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels GA BC6TH UT WOS:000354475600087 ER PT S AU Mukundan, R Davey, J Rau, K Langlois, D Spernjak, D Fairweather, J Artyushkova, K Schweiss, R Borup, RL AF Mukundan, Rangachary Davey, John Rau, Karen Langlois, David Spernjak, Dusan Fairweather, Joe Artyushkova, Kateryna Schweiss, Ruediger Borup, Rodney L. BE Gasteiger, HA Weber, A Shinohara, K Uchida, H Mitsushima, S Schmidt, TJ Narayanan, SR Ramani, V Fuller, T Edmundson, M Strasser, P Mantz, R Fenton, J Buchi, FN Hansen, DC Jones, DL Coutanceau, C SwiderLyons, K Perry, KA TI Degradation of Gas Diffusion Layers in PEM fuel cells during drive cycle operation SO POLYMER ELECTROLYTE FUEL CELLS 13 (PEFC 13) SE ECS Transactions LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 13th Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell Symposium (PEFC) CY OCT 27-NOV 01, 2013 CL San Francisco, CA SP Electrochem Soc, Electrochem Soc, Ind Electrochemistry & Electrochem Engn Div, Electrochem Soc, Battery Div, Electrochem Soc, Corros Div, Electrochem Soc, Energy Technol Div, Electrochem Soc, Phys & Analyt Electrochemistry Div, N E Chemcat Corp ID CARBON CORROSION; MICROPOROUS LAYER; PERFORMANCE AB Polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cells show voltage degradation when subjected to long-term drive cycle operation. While the kinetic losses in the fuel cells can be assigned to catalyst layer degradation, there is a significant mass transport loss of up to 100mV at 2 A/cm(2) in 400 hours of operation. This mass transport loss can be attributed to the Gas Diffusion Layer (GDL) degradation especially when using low surface area carbon based catalyst materials. Ex situ ageing studies where the GDL is oxidized in a peroxide solution seem to simulate this degradation mechanism in terms of both the increase in graphitic carbon and surface-oxide species. The ex situ aged GDLs result in similar voltage losses when operated with fresh membrane-electrode assemblies (MEAs). AC impedance results confirm that these losses are due to mass transport limitations, probably arising from loss of hydrophobicity of the GDL material. To alleviate these mass transport losses, various combinations of materials have been examined; improved performance under drive cycle operation was obtained with a GDL material that had carbon nano-tubes in the MPL. C1 [Mukundan, Rangachary; Davey, John; Rau, Karen; Langlois, David; Spernjak, Dusan; Fairweather, Joe; Borup, Rodney L.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Artyushkova, Kateryna] Univ New Mexico, Dept Chem & Nucl Engn, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [Schweiss, Ruediger] SGL Carbon GmbH, D-86405 Meitingen, Germany. RP Mukundan, R (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663,MS D429, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Artyushkova, Kateryna/B-4709-2008; OI Artyushkova, Kateryna/0000-0002-2611-0422; Mukundan, Rangachary/0000-0002-5679-3930 NR 10 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 S MAIN ST, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534-2839 USA SN 1938-5862 BN 978-1-60768-446-6; 978-1-60768-445-9 J9 ECS TRANSACTIONS PY 2013 VL 58 IS 1 BP 919 EP 926 DI 10.1149/05801.0919ecst PG 8 WC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels SC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels GA BC6TH UT WOS:000354475600089 ER PT S AU Borup, RL Mukundan, R Fairweather, J Spernjak, D Langlois, D Davey, J More, K Artyushkova, K AF Borup, Rodney L. Mukundan, Rangachary Fairweather, Joseph Spernjak, Dusan Langlois, David Davey, John More, Karren Artyushkova, Kateryna BE Gasteiger, HA Weber, A Shinohara, K Uchida, H Mitsushima, S Schmidt, TJ Narayanan, SR Ramani, V Fuller, T Edmundson, M Strasser, P Mantz, R Fenton, J Buchi, FN Hansen, DC Jones, DL Coutanceau, C SwiderLyons, K Perry, KA TI PEM Fuel Cell Catalyst Layer Structure Degradation During Carbon Corrosion SO POLYMER ELECTROLYTE FUEL CELLS 13 (PEFC 13) SE ECS Transactions LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 13th Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell Symposium (PEFC) CY OCT 27-NOV 01, 2013 CL San Francisco, CA SP Electrochem Soc, Electrochem Soc, Ind Electrochemistry & Electrochem Engn Div, Electrochem Soc, Battery Div, Electrochem Soc, Corros Div, Electrochem Soc, Energy Technol Div, Electrochem Soc, Phys & Analyt Electrochemistry Div, N E Chemcat Corp ID CATHODES; SUPPORT AB One of the major degradation involves the electrocatalyst, including the corrosion of the carbons used as catalyst supports which leads to changes in the catalyst layer structure. These changes in the catalyst layer structure lead to reduced kinetics and to mass transport limitations. The catalyst layer degradation is due to a combination of degradation mechanisms, including localized effects and depends upon operating conditions C1 [Borup, Rodney L.; Mukundan, Rangachary; Fairweather, Joseph; Spernjak, Dusan; Langlois, David; Davey, John] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [More, Karren] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. [Artyushkova, Kateryna] Univ New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. RP Borup, RL (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663,MS D429, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Artyushkova, Kateryna/B-4709-2008; More, Karren/A-8097-2016; OI Artyushkova, Kateryna/0000-0002-2611-0422; More, Karren/0000-0001-5223-9097; Mukundan, Rangachary/0000-0002-5679-3930 NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 8 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 S MAIN ST, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534-2839 USA SN 1938-5862 BN 978-1-60768-446-6; 978-1-60768-445-9 J9 ECS TRANSACTIONS PY 2013 VL 58 IS 1 BP 945 EP 952 DI 10.1149/05801.0945ecst PG 8 WC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels SC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels GA BC6TH UT WOS:000354475600092 ER PT S AU Kusoglu, A Weber, AZ AF Kusoglu, Ahmet Weber, Adam Z. BE Gasteiger, HA Weber, A Shinohara, K Uchida, H Mitsushima, S Schmidt, TJ Narayanan, SR Ramani, V Fuller, T Edmundson, M Strasser, P Mantz, R Fenton, J Buchi, FN Hansen, DC Jones, DL Coutanceau, C SwiderLyons, K Perry, KA TI Degradation Induced Changes in Structure-Property Relationship of Perfluorosulfonic-acid (PFSA) membranes SO POLYMER ELECTROLYTE FUEL CELLS 13 (PEFC 13) SE ECS Transactions LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 13th Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell Symposium (PEFC) CY OCT 27-NOV 01, 2013 CL San Francisco, CA SP Electrochem Soc, Electrochem Soc, Ind Electrochemistry & Electrochem Engn Div, Electrochem Soc, Battery Div, Electrochem Soc, Corros Div, Electrochem Soc, Energy Technol Div, Electrochem Soc, Phys & Analyt Electrochemistry Div, N E Chemcat Corp ID NAFION; WATER AB Perfluorosulfonic-acid (PFSA) membranes are used as the solidelectrolyte in fuel cells where they promote water transport, ionic conductivity, gas separation, and mechanical support. All of these functionalities are expected to be related to the nanostructure and chemical properties of the membrane. It is of great interest to understand how these properties change with degradation during cell operation. This study investigates the changes in water sorption and morphology of membranes that were degraded in various degradation modes based on accelerated-stress testing (AST) protocols. Our findings show that upon degradation, water uptake of the membrane decreases, which is consistent with the observed increase in its backbone crystallinity as inferred from wide-angle X-Ray scattering (WAXS) experiments. Reduced uptake accompanied by increased crystallinity in chemically degraded membranes suggests degradation-induced changes in structure-property relationship of PFSA membranes similar to annealing-induced changes. C1 [Kusoglu, Ahmet; Weber, Adam Z.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Environm Energy Technol Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Kusoglu, A (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Environm Energy Technol Div, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. OI Kusoglu, Ahmet/0000-0002-2761-1050 NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 S MAIN ST, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534-2839 USA SN 1938-5862 BN 978-1-60768-446-6; 978-1-60768-445-9 J9 ECS TRANSACTIONS PY 2013 VL 58 IS 1 BP 999 EP 1003 DI 10.1149/05801.0999ecst PG 5 WC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels SC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels GA BC6TH UT WOS:000354475600096 ER PT S AU Hu, SZ Gao, HJ Dai, S Scudiero, L Ha, S AF Hu, Shuozhen Gao, Haijun Dai, Sheng Scudiero, Louis Ha, Su BE Gasteiger, HA Weber, A Shinohara, K Uchida, H Mitsushima, S Schmidt, TJ Narayanan, SR Ramani, V Fuller, T Edmundson, M Strasser, P Mantz, R Fenton, J Buchi, FN Hansen, DC Jones, DL Coutanceau, C SwiderLyons, K Perry, KA TI Pd-based Bimetallic Catalysts for Direct Formic Acid Fuel Cells SO POLYMER ELECTROLYTE FUEL CELLS 13 (PEFC 13) SE ECS Transactions LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 13th Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell Symposium (PEFC) CY OCT 27-NOV 01, 2013 CL San Francisco, CA SP Electrochem Soc, Electrochem Soc, Ind Electrochemistry & Electrochem Engn Div, Electrochem Soc, Battery Div, Electrochem Soc, Corros Div, Electrochem Soc, Energy Technol Div, Electrochem Soc, Phys & Analyt Electrochemistry Div, N E Chemcat Corp ID NANOPARTICLES; OXIDATION; SURFACE; FILMS AB Pd-M (M = Cu and Ni) bimetallic catalysts (films and core-shell nanoparticles) were studied by examining the effect of electronic structural perturbation on the electrochemical activity of the Pd surface toward formic acid oxidation. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and cyclic voltammetry (CV) are used to obtain the valence band spectra and d-band center shifts and electrochemical activities of the catalysts. XPS analysis indicates a charge transfer from Pd to the transition metals. This electronic perturbation results in an alteration of the interaction between the intermediate species and the Pd surface. As a result, an increase in current density and an improvement in stability of formic acid electrochemical oxidation are observed for the Pd-based bimetallic system compared to pure Pd. C1 [Hu, Shuozhen; Ha, Su] Washington State Univ, Gene & Linda Voiland Sch Chem Engn & Bioengn, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Gao, Haijun; Dai, Sheng] Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Dai, Sheng] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Scudiero, Louis] Washington State Univ, Dept Chem, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Scudiero, Louis] Washington State Univ, Mat Sci & Engn Program, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Hu, SZ (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Gene & Linda Voiland Sch Chem Engn & Bioengn, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RI Dai, Sheng/K-8411-2015 OI Dai, Sheng/0000-0002-8046-3931 NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 S MAIN ST, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534-2839 USA SN 1938-5862 BN 978-1-60768-446-6; 978-1-60768-445-9 J9 ECS TRANSACTIONS PY 2013 VL 58 IS 1 BP 1015 EP 1022 DI 10.1149/05801.1015ecst PG 8 WC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels SC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels GA BC6TH UT WOS:000354475600098 ER PT S AU Gandomi, YA Mencha, MM AF Gandomi, Yasser Ashraf Mench, Matthew M. BE Gasteiger, HA Weber, A Shinohara, K Uchida, H Mitsushima, S Schmidt, TJ Narayanan, SR Ramani, V Fuller, T Edmundson, M Strasser, P Mantz, R Fenton, J Buchi, FN Hansen, DC Jones, DL Coutanceau, C SwiderLyons, K Perry, KA TI Assessing the Limits of Water Management using Asymmetric Micro-Porous Layer Configurations SO POLYMER ELECTROLYTE FUEL CELLS 13 (PEFC 13) SE ECS Transactions LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 13th Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell Symposium (PEFC) CY OCT 27-NOV 01, 2013 CL San Francisco, CA SP Electrochem Soc, Electrochem Soc, Ind Electrochemistry & Electrochem Engn Div, Electrochem Soc, Battery Div, Electrochem Soc, Corros Div, Electrochem Soc, Energy Technol Div, Electrochem Soc, Phys & Analyt Electrochemistry Div, N E Chemcat Corp ID PEM FUEL-CELLS; TRANSPORT; MEMBRANE; FLOW AB In high-power polymer electrolyte fuel cell systems, prevention of anode dry-out through enhanced back flux of water and restriction of evaporative losses is needed. One potential method to engineer the back flux of water to the anode is to utilize an asymmetric anode and cathode micro-porous layer configuration to independently tailor anode and cathode thermal and mass transport resistances. Extensive experimental tests have been performed to study the impact of asymmetric MPL configuration on the net water drag coefficient using sets of MPL with different thermal and mass transport resistances. It was observed that with asymmetric MPL alignment between the anode and cathode, the net water drag coefficient could be significantly altered, opening the door to enhanced high power performance at anode-dryout conditions. C1 [Gandomi, Yasser Ashraf; Mench, Matthew M.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Mech Aerosp & Biomed Engn, Electrochem Energy Storage & Convers Lab, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Mench, Matthew M.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Energy & Transportat Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Gandomi, YA (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Mech Aerosp & Biomed Engn, Electrochem Energy Storage & Convers Lab, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. NR 22 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 S MAIN ST, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534-2839 USA SN 1938-5862 BN 978-1-60768-446-6; 978-1-60768-445-9 J9 ECS TRANSACTIONS PY 2013 VL 58 IS 1 BP 1375 EP 1382 DI 10.1149/05801.1375ecst PG 8 WC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels SC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels GA BC6TH UT WOS:000354475600138 ER PT S AU Abbou, S Dillet, J Spernjak, D Mukundan, R Fairweather, J Borup, RL Maranzana, G Didierjean, S Lottin, O AF Abbou, S. Dillet, J. Spernjak, D. Mukundan, R. Fairweather, J. Borup, R. L. Maranzana, G. Didierjean, S. Lottin, O. BE Gasteiger, HA Weber, A Shinohara, K Uchida, H Mitsushima, S Schmidt, TJ Narayanan, SR Ramani, V Fuller, T Edmundson, M Strasser, P Mantz, R Fenton, J Buchi, FN Hansen, DC Jones, DL Coutanceau, C SwiderLyons, K Perry, KA TI Time Evolution of Local Potentials during PEM Fuel Cell Operation with Dead-Ended Anode SO POLYMER ELECTROLYTE FUEL CELLS 13 (PEFC 13) SE ECS Transactions LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 13th Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell Symposium (PEFC) CY OCT 27-NOV 01, 2013 CL San Francisco, CA SP Electrochem Soc, Electrochem Soc, Ind Electrochemistry & Electrochem Engn Div, Electrochem Soc, Battery Div, Electrochem Soc, Corros Div, Electrochem Soc, Energy Technol Div, Electrochem Soc, Phys & Analyt Electrochemistry Div, N E Chemcat Corp ID DEGRADATION AB We present experimental results obtained with a two-dimensional segmented cell with reference electrodes along the gas channels, used to record local anode and cathode potentials. Aging protocols consisting of repeated dead-ended anode operation sequences (with anode outlet closed) were performed to assess the impact of hydrogen starvation on the local fuel cell performance. We observed strong local cathode potential excursions, as well as nonuniform ElectroChemical Surface Area (ECSA) losses and performance degradation along the cell area. The damage was more pronounced in the regions suffering the longest from fuel starvation: i.e. close to the anode outlet. C1 [Abbou, S.; Dillet, J.; Maranzana, G.; Didierjean, S.; Lottin, O.] Univ Lorraine, LEMTA, Vandoeuvre Les Nancy, France. [Abbou, S.; Dillet, J.; Maranzana, G.; Didierjean, S.; Lottin, O.] CNRS, LEMTA, Vandoeuvre Les Nancy, France. [Spernjak, D.; Mukundan, R.; Fairweather, J.; Borup, R. L.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA. RP Abbou, S (reprint author), Univ Lorraine, LEMTA, Vandoeuvre Les Nancy, France. OI Mukundan, Rangachary/0000-0002-5679-3930 NR 7 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 3 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 S MAIN ST, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534-2839 USA SN 1938-5862 BN 978-1-60768-446-6; 978-1-60768-445-9 J9 ECS TRANSACTIONS PY 2013 VL 58 IS 1 BP 1631 EP 1642 DI 10.1149/05801.1631ecst PG 12 WC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels SC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels GA BC6TH UT WOS:000354475600161 ER PT S AU Yuan, S Goenaga, G Grabstanowicz, L Shui, J Chen, C Commet, S Reprogle, B Liu, DJ AF Yuan, S. Goenaga, G. Grabstanowicz, L. Shui, J. Chen, C. Commet, S. Reprogle, B. Liu, D. -J. BE Gasteiger, HA Weber, A Shinohara, K Uchida, H Mitsushima, S Schmidt, TJ Narayanan, SR Ramani, V Fuller, T Edmundson, M Strasser, P Mantz, R Fenton, J Buchi, FN Hansen, DC Jones, DL Coutanceau, C SwiderLyons, K Perry, KA TI New Approach to High-Efficiency Non-PGM Catalysts Using Rationally Designed Porous Organic Polymers SO POLYMER ELECTROLYTE FUEL CELLS 13 (PEFC 13) SE ECS Transactions LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 13th Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell Symposium (PEFC) CY OCT 27-NOV 01, 2013 CL San Francisco, CA SP Electrochem Soc, Electrochem Soc, Ind Electrochemistry & Electrochem Engn Div, Electrochem Soc, Battery Div, Electrochem Soc, Corros Div, Electrochem Soc, Energy Technol Div, Electrochem Soc, Phys & Analyt Electrochemistry Div, N E Chemcat Corp ID MEMBRANE FUEL-CELLS; HYDROGEN STORAGE; IRON; ELECTROCATALYSTS; COBALT AB To replace the current Pt/C catalyst with low- or non-PGM materials represents a critical technology challenge for commercialization of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell. To compete with the precious metal based catalyst, the non-PGM material must have higher active site density and improved turnover- frequency. In this report, we discuss a new method of preparing "support-free" non-PGM catalysts produced by using the transition metal decorated porous organic polymers as precursors. The new approach has led to formation of catalysts with high efficiency towards the oxygen reduction reaction, tested in the oxygen saturated acidic electrolyte and under actual fuel cell operating condition. C1 [Yuan, S.; Goenaga, G.; Grabstanowicz, L.; Shui, J.; Chen, C.; Commet, S.; Reprogle, B.; Liu, D. -J.] Argonne Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Engn Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Yuan, S (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Engn Div, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM djliu@anl.gov NR 11 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 6 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 S MAIN ST, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534-2839 USA SN 1938-5862 BN 978-1-60768-446-6; 978-1-60768-445-9 J9 ECS TRANSACTIONS PY 2013 VL 58 IS 1 BP 1671 EP 1680 DI 10.1149/05801.1671ecst PG 10 WC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels SC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels GA BC6TH UT WOS:000354475600165 ER PT S AU Holby, EF Wu, G Zelenay, P Taylor, CD AF Holby, E. F. Wu, G. Zelenay, P. Taylor, C. D. BE Gasteiger, HA Weber, A Shinohara, K Uchida, H Mitsushima, S Schmidt, TJ Narayanan, SR Ramani, V Fuller, T Edmundson, M Strasser, P Mantz, R Fenton, J Buchi, FN Hansen, DC Jones, DL Coutanceau, C SwiderLyons, K Perry, KA TI Modeling Non-Precious Metal Catalyst Structures and Their Relationship to ORR SO POLYMER ELECTROLYTE FUEL CELLS 13 (PEFC 13) SE ECS Transactions LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 13th Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell Symposium (PEFC) CY OCT 27-NOV 01, 2013 CL San Francisco, CA SP Electrochem Soc, Electrochem Soc, Ind Electrochemistry & Electrochem Engn Div, Electrochem Soc, Battery Div, Electrochem Soc, Corros Div, Electrochem Soc, Energy Technol Div, Electrochem Soc, Phys & Analyt Electrochemistry Div, N E Chemcat Corp ID DENSITY-FUNCTIONAL THEORY; INITIO MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; OXYGEN REDUCTION REACTION; TOTAL-ENERGY CALCULATIONS; WAVE BASIS-SET; FUEL-CELLS; ELECTROCATALYSTS; TRANSITION; IRON AB In this manuscript, we discuss the application of periodic density functional theory to modeling non-precious metal catalysts with a focus on the potential energy surfaces of the oxygen reduction reaction on two likely active-site-structures. Determination of the thermodynamic PES and overpotential are estimated for these sites. The role of van der Waals and its effect on predicted overpotential are addressed. It is found that overbinding of O-2 reactants and subsequent overbinding of *OH moieties lead to major sources of deviations from ideal thermodynamic behavior. As such, minor structural and chemical modifications are suggested to improve the studied active site candidates. C1 [Holby, E. F.; Taylor, C. D.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Wu, G.; Zelenay, P.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Mat Phys & Applicat Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Holby, EF (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Wu, Gang/E-8536-2010; OI Wu, Gang/0000-0003-4956-5208; Holby, Edward/0000-0001-8419-6298 NR 26 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 7 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 S MAIN ST, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534-2839 USA SN 1938-5862 BN 978-1-60768-446-6; 978-1-60768-445-9 J9 ECS TRANSACTIONS PY 2013 VL 58 IS 1 BP 1869 EP 1875 DI 10.1149/05801.1869ecst PG 7 WC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels SC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels GA BC6TH UT WOS:000354475600185 ER PT B AU Myers, DJ Wang, XP AF Myers, Deborah J. Wang, Xiaoping BE Franco, AA TI Ex situ Electrochemical Methods for the Characterization of PEFC Nanomaterial Degradation SO POLYMER ELECTROLYTE FUEL CELLS: SCIENCE, APPLICATIONS, AND CHALLENGES LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID PEM FUEL-CELL; OXYGEN-REDUCTION REACTION; RAY-ABSORPTION-SPECTROSCOPY; ROTATING-DISK ELECTRODE; CARBON-SUPPORTED PLATINUM; SULFURIC-ACID-SOLUTION; FLOW DOUBLE-ELECTRODE; TRIFLUOROMETHANE SULFONIC-ACID; QUARTZ-CRYSTAL MICROBALANCE; ORIENTED PYROLYTIC-GRAPHITE C1 [Myers, Deborah J.; Wang, Xiaoping] Argonne Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Engn Div, Lemont, IL 60439 USA. RP Myers, DJ (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Engn Div, Lemont, IL 60439 USA. EM dmyers@anl.gov; xiaoping.wang@anl.gov NR 262 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 5 PU PAN STANFORD PUBLISHING PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA PENTHOUSE LEVEL, SUNTEC TOWER 3, 8 TEMASEK BLVD, SINGAPORE, 038988, SINGAPORE BN 978-981-4364-40-9; 978-981-4310-82-6 PY 2013 BP 153 EP 232 D2 10.1201/b15259 PG 80 WC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels SC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels GA BC9CD UT WOS:000356296500005 ER PT S AU Martin, S Szymanski, L AF Martin, Shawn Szymanski, Lech BE Rhee, T Rayudu, R Hollitt, C Lewis, J Zhang, M TI Singularity Resolution for Dimension Reduction SO PROCEEDINGS OF 2013 28TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON IMAGE AND VISION COMPUTING NEW ZEALAND (IVCNZ 2013) SE International Conference on Image and Vision Computing New Zealand LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 28th International Conference on Image and Vision Computing New Zealand (IVCNZ) CY NOV 27-29, 2013 CL Wellington, NEW ZEALAND SP IEEE, Victoria Univ Wellington, Sch Engn & Comp Sci AB Manifold clustering is often used to partition a multiple manifold dataset prior to the application of manifold learning. Thus manifold clustering can be seen as a pre-processing step for eliminating singularities in a dataset before doing dimension reduction. In this paper, we propose an algorithm for resolving singularities prior to dimension reduction. We achieve singularity resolution using algebraic blow ups as motivation. With this type of singularity resolution, we are able to simultaneously perform manifold clustering and learning. The algorithm is based on a simple modification of Isomap which identifies and treats singularities before providing reduced dimensional representations. We demonstrate our algorithm with various examples and apply it to problems in molecular conformation, motion segmentation, and face clustering. C1 [Martin, Shawn] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Szymanski, Lech] Univ Otago, Dept Comp Sci, Dunedin, New Zealand. RP Martin, S (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM smartin@sandia.gov; lechszym@cs.otago.ac.nz NR 24 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2151-2191 BN 978-1-4799-0883-7; 978-1-4799-0882-0 J9 INT CONF IMAG VIS PY 2013 BP 19 EP 24 PG 6 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Computer Science; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA BC1NN UT WOS:000350291600004 ER PT J AU Peisert, S Talbot, E Kroeger, T AF Peisert, Sean Talbot, Ed Kroeger, Tom GP ACM TI Principles of Authentication SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE 2013 NEW SECURITY PARADIGMS WORKSHOP (NSPW'13) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT New Security Paradigms Workshop (NSPW) CY SEP 09-12, 2013 CL Banff, CANADA SP Appl Comp Secur Associates ID BIOMETRICS; SECURITY AB In the real world we do authentication hundreds of times a day with little effort and strong confidence. We believe that the digital world can and should catch up. The focus of this paper is about authentication for critical applications. Specifically, it is about the fundamentals for evaluating whether or not someone is who they say they are by using combinations of multiple meaningful and measurable input factors. We present a "gold standard" for authentication that builds from what we naturally and effortlessly do everyday in a face-to-face meeting. We also consider how such authentication systems can enable resilience to users under duress. This work differs from much of the other work in authentication first by focusing on authentication techniques that provide meaningful measures of confidence in identity and also by using a multifaceted approach that comprehensively integrates multiple factors into a continuous authentication system, without adding burdensome overhead to users. C1 [Peisert, Sean; Talbot, Ed] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA USA. [Peisert, Sean] Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA USA. [Kroeger, Tom] Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Peisert, S (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA USA. EM peisert@cs.ucdavis.edu; edward.talbot@gmail.com; tmkroeg@sandia.gov NR 49 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSOC COMPUTING MACHINERY PI NEW YORK PA 1515 BROADWAY, NEW YORK, NY 10036-9998 USA BN 978-1-4503-2582-0 PY 2013 BP 47 EP 55 DI 10.1145/2535813.2535819 PG 9 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BE4QC UT WOS:000372069800006 ER PT B AU Beam, MJ Kline, BL Elbing, BE Straka, W Fontaine, AA Lawson, M Li, Y Thresher, R Previsic, M AF Beam, Mike J. Kline, Brian L. Elbing, Brian E. Straka, William Fontaine, Arnold A. Lawson, Michael Li, Ye Thresher, Robert Previsic, Mirko GP ASME TI Marine Hydrokinetic Turbine Power-Take-Off Design for Optimal Performance and Low Impact on Cost-of-Energy SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME 32ND INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON OCEAN, OFFSHORE AND ARCTIC ENGINEERING - 2013 - VOL 8 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 32nd ASME International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering CY JUN 09-14, 2013 CL Nantes, FRANCE SP ASME, Ocean Offshore & Arctic Engn Div AB Marine hydrokinetic devices are becoming a popular method for generating marine renewable energy worldwide. These devices generate electricity by converting the kinetic energy of moving water, wave motion or currents, into electrical energy through the use of a Power-Take-Off (PTO) system. Most PTO systems incorporate a mechanical or hydraulic drive train, power generator and electric control/conditioning system to deliver the generated electric power to the grid at the required state. Like wind turbine applications, the PTO system must be designed for high reliability, good efficiency, long service life with reasonable maintenance requirements, low cost and an appropriate mechanical design for anticipated applied steady and unsteady loads. The ultimate goal of a PTO design is high efficiency, low maintenance and cost with a low impact on the device Cost-of-Energy (CoE). C1 [Beam, Mike J.; Kline, Brian L.; Elbing, Brian E.] Penn State Univ, Appl Res Lab, State Coll, PA 16804 USA. [Straka, William; Fontaine, Arnold A.] ARL PSU, State Coll, PA 16804 USA. [Lawson, Michael; Li, Ye; Thresher, Robert] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Previsic, Mirko] Re VisionConsulting LLC, Sacramento, CA 95831 USA. RP Beam, MJ (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Appl Res Lab, POB 30, State Coll, PA 16804 USA. EM mirko@re-vision.net NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 978-0-7918-5542-3 PY 2013 AR V008T09A041 PG 9 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Ocean; Engineering, Mechanical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA BD4KI UT WOS:000360869000041 ER PT B AU Coulling, AJ Goupee, AJ Robertson, AN Jonkman, JM AF Coulling, Alexander J. Goupee, Andrew J. Robertson, Amy N. Jonkman, Jason M. GP ASME TI IMPORTANCE OF SECOND-ORDER DIFFERENCE-FREQUENCY WAVE-DIFFRACTION FORCES IN THE VALIDATION OF A FAST SEMI-SUBMERSIBLE FLOATING WIND TURBINE MODEL SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME 32ND INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON OCEAN, OFFSHORE AND ARCTIC ENGINEERING - 2013 - VOL 8 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 32nd ASME International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering CY JUN 09-14, 2013 CL Nantes, FRANCE SP ASME, Ocean Offshore & Arctic Engn Div AB To better access the abundant offshore wind resource, efforts are being made across the world to develop and improve floating offshore wind turbine technologies. A critical aspect of creating reliable, mature floating wind turbine technology is the development, verification, and validation of efficient computer-aided-engineering (CAE) tools. The National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) has created FAST, a comprehensive, coupled analysis CAE tool for floating wind turbines, which has been verified and utilized in numerous floating wind turbine studies. Several efforts are underway to validate the floating platform functionality of FAST to complement its already validated aerodynamic and structural simulation capabilities. The research employs the 1/50th-scale DeepCwind wind/wave basin model test dataset, which was obtained at the Maritime Research Institute Netherlands (MARIN) in 2011. This paper describes further work being undertaken to continue this validation. These efforts focus on FAST's ability to replicate global response behaviors associated with dynamic wind forces and second-order difference-frequency wave-diffraction forces separately and simultaneously. The first step is the construction of a FAST numerical model of the DeepCwind semi-submersible floating wind turbine that includes alterations for the addition of second-order difference-frequency wave-diffraction forces. The implementation of these second-order wave forces, which are not currently standard in FAST, are outlined and discussed. After construction of the FAST model, the calibration of the FAST model's wind turbine aerodynamics, tower-bending dynamics, and platform hydrodynamic damping using select test data is discussed. Subsequently, select cases with coupled dynamic wind and irregular wave loading are simulated in FAST, and these results are compared to test data. Particular attention is paid to global motion and load responses associated with the interaction of the wind and wave environmental loads. These loads are most prevalent in the vicinity of the rigid-body motion natural frequencies for the DeepCwind semi-submersible, with dynamic wind forces and the second-order difference-frequency wave-diffraction forces driving the global system response at these low frequencies. Studies are also performed to investigate the impact of neglecting the second-order wave forces on the predictive capabilities of the FAST model. The comparisons of the simulation and test results highlight the ability of FAST to accurately capture many of the important coupled global response behaviors of the DeepCwind semi-submersible floating wind turbine. C1 [Coulling, Alexander J.; Goupee, Andrew J.] Univ Maine, Orono, ME 04469 USA. [Robertson, Amy N.; Jonkman, Jason M.] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO USA. RP Coulling, AJ (reprint author), Univ Maine, Orono, ME 04469 USA. NR 25 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 978-0-7918-5542-3 PY 2013 AR V008T09A019 PG 10 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Ocean; Engineering, Mechanical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA BD4KI UT WOS:000360869000019 ER PT B AU Damiani, RR Song, HM Robertson, AN Jonkman, JM AF Damiani, Rick R. Song, Huimin Robertson, Amy N. Jonkman, Jason M. GP ASME TI ASSESSING THE IMPORTANCE OF NONLINEARITIES IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF A SUBSTRUCTURE MODEL FOR THE WIND TURBINE CAE TOOL FAST SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME 32ND INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON OCEAN, OFFSHORE AND ARCTIC ENGINEERING - 2013 - VOL 8 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 32nd ASME International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering CY JUN 09-14, 2013 CL Nantes, FRANCE SP ASME, Ocean Offshore & Arctic Engn Div DE Offshore Turbine Support; Nonlinear Analysis; Turbine Substructure; Beam Finite Element; Multimember; Turbine Jacket AB The design and analysis of wind turbines are performed using aero-servo-elastic tools that account for the nonlinear coupling between aerodynamics, controls, and structural response. The NREL-developed computer-aided engineering (CAE) tool FAST also resolves the hydrodynamics of fixed-bottom structures and floating platforms for offshore wind applications. Primarily due to the required modal characteristics, monopiles become progressively less economical and more difficult (or impossible) to fabricate for multimegawatt turbines and water depths of more than 25-30 m. Derived from the oil and gas industry experience, light and stiff space-frame alternatives have been proposed to alleviate this problem. Lattice structures (e.g., jackets) are more complex to analyze and design than cantilevered monopiles, especially in terms of the structural dynamics of the coupled turbine-support structure system. This paper outlines the implementation of a structural-dynamics module (SubDyn) for offshore wind turbines with space-frame substructures into the current FAST framework, and in particular focuses on the initial assessment of the importance of structural nonlinearities. Nonlinear effects include: large displacements, axial shortening due to bending, cross-sectional transverse shear effects, etc. A nonlinear computational analysis is resource-intensive, thus it is important to assess the applicability of a linear approach to maintain high-fidelity results while still allowing for fast and efficient design simulations. Space-frame structural behavior can be controlled by a number of design parameters (e.g., member cross-sectional properties, number of legs, batter angles). Additionally, nonlinearities may manifest only at certain load levels. Several finite-element analyses were carried out via commercial and open-source codes that can capture nonlinear effects in the structural behavior of turbine substructures under different load cases. Results were compared to the output of the new linear module SubDyn. The configurations considered in this study included 5-MW, 7-MW, and 10-MW platforms: OC3(1) monopile, OC3 tripod, OC4(2) jacket, and a full-lattice tower, all supporting a 5-MW turbine; also two jackets for a 7-MW and a 10-MW turbine, respectively, were investigated. These models differed in base geometry, load paths, size, supported towers, and turbine masses. Results showed that nonlinearities (quantified in terms of the maximum differences in displacement and stresses with respect to a linear calculation) amounted to about 4% (3%) at tower top (at tower base), or about 10 cm (1 cm). This means that the absolute effects of nonlinearities are mostly associated with the tower. The linear approach used by the multimember structural module introduced in this paper was therefore deemed suitable to be utilized within FAST to analyze multimember substructures for offshore wind applications. C1 [Damiani, Rick R.; Song, Huimin; Robertson, Amy N.; Jonkman, Jason M.] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80020 USA. RP Damiani, RR (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80020 USA. NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 978-0-7918-5542-3 PY 2013 AR V008T09A093 PG 16 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Ocean; Engineering, Mechanical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA BD4KI UT WOS:000360869000093 ER PT B AU Haid, L Stewart, G Jonkman, J Robertson, A Lackner, M Matha, D AF Haid, Lorenz Stewart, Gordon Jonkman, Jason Robertson, Amy Lackner, Matthew Matha, Denis GP ASME TI SIMULATION-LENGTH REQUIREMENTS IN THE LOADS ANALYSIS OF OFFSHORE FLOATING WIND TURBINES SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME 32ND INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON OCEAN, OFFSHORE AND ARCTIC ENGINEERING - 2013 - VOL 8 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 32nd ASME International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering CY JUN 09-14, 2013 CL Nantes, FRANCE SP ASME, Ocean Offshore & Arctic Engn Div AB The design standard typically used for offshore wind system development, the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) 61400-3 fixed-bottom offshore design standard, explicitly states that "the design requirements specified in this standard are not necessarily sufficient to ensure the engineering integrity of floating offshore wind turbines" [1]. One major concern is the prescribed simulation length time of 10 minutes for a loads-analysis procedure, which is also typically used for land-based turbines. Because floating platforms have lower natural frequencies, which lead to fewer load cycles over a given period of time, and ocean waves have lower characteristic frequencies than wind turbulence, the 10-mill simulation length recommended by the current standards for land-based and offshore turbines may be too short for combined wind and wave loading of floating offshore wind turbines (FOWTs). Therefore, the goal of this paper is to examine the appropriate length of a FOWT simulation a fundamental question that needs to be answered to develop design requirements. To examine this issue, we performed a loads analysis of an example FOWT with varying simulation lengths, using FAST, the National Renewable Energy Laboratory's (NREL's) nonlinear aero-hydro-servo-elastic simulation tool. The offshore wind system used was the OC3-Hywind spar buoy, which was developed for use in the International Energy Agency (TEA) Offshore Code Comparison Collaborative (OC3) project, and supports NREL's offshore 5-MW baseline turbine. Realistic metocean data from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) and repeated periodic wind files were used to excite the structure. The results of the analysis clearly show that loads do not increase for longer simulations. In regard to fatigue, a sensitivity analysis shows that the procedure used for counting half cycles is more important than the simulation length itself Based on these results, neither the simulation length nor the periodic wind files affect response statistics and loads for FOWTs (at least for the spar studied here); a result in contrast to the offshore oil and gas (O&G) industry, where running simulations of at least 3 hours in length is common practice. C1 [Haid, Lorenz; Matha, Denis] Univ Stuttgart SWE, Endowed Chair Wind Energy, Stuttgart, Germany. [Stewart, Gordon; Lackner, Matthew] Univ Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. [Jonkman, Jason; Robertson, Amy] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO USA. RP Haid, L (reprint author), Univ Stuttgart SWE, Endowed Chair Wind Energy, Stuttgart, Germany. NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 978-0-7918-5542-3 PY 2013 AR V008T09A091 PG 10 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Ocean; Engineering, Mechanical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA BD4KI UT WOS:000360869000091 ER PT B AU Robertson, AN Jonkman, JM Goupee, AJ Coulling, AJ Prowell, I Browning, J Masciola, MD Molta, P AF Robertson, Amy N. Jonkman, Jason M. Goupee, Andrew J. Coulling, Alexander J. Prowell, Ian Browning, James Masciola, Marco D. Molta, Paul GP ASME TI SUMMARY OF CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS DRAWN FROM THE DEEPCWIND SCALED FLOATING OFFSHORE WIND SYSTEM TEST CAMPAIGN SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME 32ND INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON OCEAN, OFFSHORE AND ARCTIC ENGINEERING - 2013 - VOL 8 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 32nd ASME International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering CY JUN 09-14, 2013 CL Nantes, FRANCE SP ASME, Ocean Offshore & Arctic Engn Div AB The DeepCwind consortium is a group of universities, national labs, and companies funded under a research initiative by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) to support the research and development of floating offshore wind power. The two main objectives of the project are to better understand the complex dynamic behavior of floating offshore wind systems and to create experimental data for use in validating the tools used in modeling these systems. In support of these objectives, the DeepCwind consortium conducted a model test campaign in 2011 of three generic floating wind systems: a tension-leg platform (TLP), a spar-buoy (spar), and a semi-submersible (semi). Each of the three platforms was designed to support a 1/50th-scale model of a 5-MW wind turbine and was tested under a variety of wind/wave conditions. The focus of this paper is to summarize the work done by consortium members in analyzing the data obtained from the test campaign and its use for validating the offshore wind modeling tool, FAST. C1 [Robertson, Amy N.; Jonkman, Jason M.; Masciola, Marco D.; Molta, Paul] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Goupee, Andrew J.; Coulling, Alexander J.] Univ Maine, Orono, ME USA. [Prowell, Ian] MMI Engn, Oakland, CA USA. [Browning, James] Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. RP Robertson, AN (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 978-0-7918-5542-3 PY 2013 AR V008T09A053 PG 13 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Ocean; Engineering, Mechanical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA BD4KI UT WOS:000360869000053 ER PT B AU Yu, BB Karr, DG Song, HM Sirnivas, S AF Yu, Bingbin Karr, Dale G. Song, Huimin Sirnivas, Senu GP ASME TI A SURFACE ICE MODULE FOR WIND TURBINE DYNAMIC RESPONSE SIMULATION USING FAST SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME 32ND INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON OCEAN, OFFSHORE AND ARCTIC ENGINEERING - 2013 - VOL 8 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 32nd ASME International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering CY JUN 09-14, 2013 CL Nantes, FRANCE SP ASME, Ocean Offshore & Arctic Engn Div AB The simulation software FAST is an open source CAE package maintained by the National Renewable Energy Laboratory. A new module of FAST for assessing the dynamic response of offshore wind turbines subjected to ice forcing is presented. This paper describes the recent addition of capabilities for analyzing the response of wind turbines subjected forces resulting from ice impact on the turbine support structure. Several models are presented which involve both prescribed forcing and coupled response. For conditions in which the ice forcing is essentially de-coupled from the structural response, ice forces are established from existing models for brittle and ductile ice failure modes. For conditions in which the ice failure and the structural response are coupled, such as lock-in conditions, a rate-dependent ice model is described, which is developed in conjunction with a new modularization framework for FAST The ice loading module includes ice mechanics models, that incorporate ice floe forcing, deformation, and failure. For lower speeds, forces slowly build until the ice strength is reached and ice fails resulting in a quasi-static condition where the frequency of the forcing is about an order of magnitude lower than the response of the structure. For intermediate speeds, the ice failure response can be coupled with the structural response resulting in response where the ice feature failure period and the response period of the structure approximately coincide. A third response regime occurs at high speeds of encounter in which brittle fracturing of the ice feature in contact with the structure occur in a more or less random pattern, which results in random vibration excitation of the structure. These three conditions are specifically addressed in the ISO standard 19906:2010 for consideration in the design of arctic offshore structures. Special consideration of lock-in vibrations is required due to the detrimental effects of such response with regard to fatigue and foundation/soil response. The use of FAST for transient, time domain simulation with the new ice module is well suited for such analyses. C1 [Yu, Bingbin; Karr, Dale G.] Univ Michigan, Dept Naval Architecture & Marine Engn, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA. [Song, Huimin; Sirnivas, Senu] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Yu, BB (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Dept Naval Architecture & Marine Engn, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA. EM ybingbin@umich.edu; dgkarr@umich.edu; Huimin.Song@nrel.gov; Senu.Sirnivas@nrel.gov NR 33 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 978-0-7918-5542-3 PY 2013 AR V008T09A075 PG 13 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Ocean; Engineering, Mechanical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA BD4KI UT WOS:000360869000075 ER PT B AU Rohatgi, A Stephens, EV Davies, RW Smith, MT AF Rohatgi, Aashish Stephens, Elizabeth V. Davies, Richard W. Smith, Mark T. GP ASME TI AN INVESTIGATION OF SHEET METAL DEFORMATION BEHAVIOR DURING ELECTRO-HYDRAULIC FORMING (EHF) SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME 8TH INTERNATIONAL MANUFACTURING SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING CONFERENCE - 2013, VOL 1 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 8th International Manufacturing Science and Engineering Conference CY JUN 10-14, 2013 CL Madison, WI SP ASME, Mfg Engn Div DE Electro-hydraulic forming; digital image correlation; multi-pulse AB This work describes recent advances in our understanding of sheet metal behavior during electro-hydraulic forming (ERE) process. Two sets of experiments were performed using AA5182-O Al sheet material. In the first set, 1 mm thick sheet samples were subjected to a single pressure-pulse or two consecutive pressure-pulses with the deformation being carried out under free-forming or inside a conical die. In the second set of experiments employing 2 mm sheet samples, a circular region at the center of the sheet was pre-thinned to 1 mm thickness and the sheet was subjected to a single pressure-pulse under free-forming conditions. The sheet deformation history for both sets of experiments was quantified using a recently developed technique that combines high-speed imaging and the digital image correlation (DIC) techniques. The results from the first set of experiments show that the manner in which the discharge is created can influence the strain-rates and hence, the deformation history experienced by the sheet materials. The results of the multi-pulse experiments demonstrate the applicability of the EHF technique for re-strike operations. The results from the second set of experiments show that the prethinned region is analogous to a reduced gauge section with the resulting strain-rate (in the pre-thinned region) exceeding that in the adjacent homogeneous sheet by more than 50%. C1 [Rohatgi, Aashish; Stephens, Elizabeth V.; Davies, Richard W.; Smith, Mark T.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Rohatgi, A (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 978-0-7918-5545-4 PY 2013 AR V001T01A011-1 PG 6 WC Engineering, Manufacturing; Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA BC1BI UT WOS:000349928300011 ER PT B AU Adams, AL Kassu, A Chan, W Drabo, M Pinder, R Egarievwe, S Radja, A Yang, G James, RB AF Adams, Aaron L. Kassu, Aschalew Chan, Wing Drabo, Mebougna Pinder, Rodney Egarievwe, Stephen Radja, Asja Yang, Ge James, Ralph B. GP ASME TI THERMAL ANNEALING: A TECHNIQUE TO IMPROVE THE PERFORMANCE OF CADMIUM ZINC TELLURIDE (CZT) MATERIAL FOR SEMICONDUCTOR RADIATION DETECTOR APPLICATIONS SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL ENGINEERING CONGRESS AND EXPOSITION - 2012, VOL 7, PTS A-D LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT ASME International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition CY NOV 09-15, 2012 CL Houston, TX SP ASME AB Extensive research was undertaken over the past 20 years to investigate the suitability of cadmium zinc telluride (CZT) crystals as a material for room-temperature nuclear-radiation detectors. Large-volume CZT crystals, with thicknesses up to 2 cm and large effective areas of roughly 5-10 cm(2), are needed to fabricate efficient detectors that meet the working requirements of federal agencies, such as the DOE/NNSA (Department Energy National Nuclear Security Administration), Department of Homeland Security (DHS), and the Deparment of Defense (DOD). However, because of the imperfect methods for growing crystals, the resulting large-volume crystals most often are not perfect single ones, and contain structural defects such as voids, pipes, impurities from source materials, tellurium inclusions and precipitates, vacancies, and vacancy-impurity complexes generated during the process of their production. Other extended defects that may be present include grain boundaries, micro twins, and walls of dislocations (sub-grain boundaries). Identifying these defects, controlling their occurrence and eliminating them from the bulk CZT material currently are important tasks that will improve the yield of detector-grade crystals from ingots, and ultimately better their performance. In this study, we used a post-growth thermal annealing technique to remove the performance-limiting defects caused by tellurium inclusions and associated impurities in the CZT crystals. We realized a 66% +/- 16% reduction in the size of the inclusions, with an overall elimination of 17% +/- 2% of them. We believe that our experimental results offer a better understanding of the optimal annealing parameters, and of the dynamic properties of post-growth annealing processes. C1 [Adams, Aaron L.] Univ Alabama, Dept Mech Engn, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA. [Kassu, Aschalew; Chan, Wing; Drabo, Mebougna; Pinder, Rodney; Egarievwe, Stephen] Alabama A&M Univ, Dept Technol, Normal, AL 35762 USA. [Radja, Asja] Univ Texas Dallas, Dept Phys, Richardson, TX 75083 USA. [Yang, Ge; James, Ralph B.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Nonproliferat & Natl Secur Dept, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Adams, AL (reprint author), Univ Alabama, Dept Mech Engn, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 978-0-7918-4523-3 PY 2013 BP 29 EP 33 PG 5 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA BC1GH UT WOS:000350071100004 ER PT B AU Salloum, M Kanouff, M Shugard, A Gharagozloo, P AF Salloum, Maher Kanouff, Mike Shugard, Andrew Gharagozloo, Patricia GP ASME TI A COUPLED TRANSPORT AND SOLID MECHANICS FORMULATION FOR MODELING OXIDATION AND DECOMPOSITION IN A URANIUM HYDRIDE BED SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL ENGINEERING CONGRESS AND EXPOSITION - 2012, VOL 7, PTS A-D LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT ASME International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition CY NOV 09-15, 2012 CL Houston, TX SP ASME ID TRITIUM-STORAGE BED AB Modeling of reacting flows in porous media has become particularly important with the increased interest in hydrogen solid-storage beds. It is important for design applications to have an accurate, but relatively simple model for system analysis. We are interested in simulating the reaction of uranium hydride and oxygen gas in a hydrogen storage bed using multiphysics finite element modeling. Our model considers chemical reactions, heat transport, and mass transport within a hydride bed. Previously, the time-varying permeability and porosity were considered uniform. This led to discrepancies between the simulated results and experimental measurements. In this work, we account for the effects of non-uniform changes in permeability and porosity due to phase and thermal expansion. These expansions result in mechanical stresses which lead to bed deformation. To describe this, we develop a simplified solid mechanics model for the local variation of permeability and porosity as a function of the local bed deformation. We find that, by using this solid mechanics model, we improve the agreement between our reacting bed model and the experimental data. C1 [Salloum, Maher; Kanouff, Mike; Shugard, Andrew; Gharagozloo, Patricia] Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Salloum, M (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 978-0-7918-4523-3 PY 2013 BP 479 EP 484 PG 6 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA BC1GH UT WOS:000350071100050 ER PT B AU Barbier, C Hanson, PJ Todd, DE Belcher, D Jekabson, EW Thomas, WK Riggs, JS AF Barbier, Charlotte Hanson, Paul J. Todd, Donald E., Jr. Belcher, Damen Jekabson, Eriks W. Thomas, Warren K. Riggs, Jeffery S. GP ASME TI AIR FLOW AND HEAT TRANSFER IN A TEMPERATURE-CONTROLLED OPEN TOP ENCLOSURE SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL ENGINEERING CONGRESS AND EXPOSITION - 2012, VOL 7, PTS A-D LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT ASME International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition CY NOV 09-15, 2012 CL Houston, TX SP ASME ID CLIMATE-CHANGE; WIND-TUNNEL; FIELD; CHAMBERS; CARBON; DESIGN; SYSTEM; FLUX AB A large 12-meter-diameter open top enclosure (OTE) equipped with two unique belowground and above ground heating systems was built and intensively tested in Oak Ridge, TN, USA. The OTE is a prototype for use within an environmental change experiment, in which replica units will be built in Minnesota to assess the response of northern peatland ecosystems to increases in temperature and elevated atmospheric CO2. For several months, temperatures, energy, wind speed and relative humidity were monitored throughout the enclosure space to assess the enclosure performance and efficiency. In parallel, Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations were performed with ANSYS-CFX to investigate the impacts of external wind, buoyancy, and OTE design on the temperatures achieved within the enclosure. The addition of a frustum that partially reduced the top opening was also investigated experimentally and numerically. The OTE is capable of achieving a temperature differential of at least +6 degrees C for air using a combination of 8 electrical heaters. Differential temperatures were sustained for several months. The experimental data and the numerical results showed that the addition of a frustum dramatically decreases the operating cost of the OTE and leads to better control over the differential air temperature in the enclosure. Buoyancy forces and winds heavily impacted enclosure performance. It was also found that the heating efficiency of the OTE depends mainly on the wind speed, and that there exists a critical wind speed at which the heating efficiency is the highest. C1 [Barbier, Charlotte] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Computat Sci & Engn Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37381 USA. [Hanson, Paul J.; Todd, Donald E., Jr.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37381 USA. [Belcher, Damen; Jekabson, Eriks W.; Thomas, Warren K.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Facil Dev Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37381 USA. [Riggs, Jeffery S.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Logist Serv Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37381 USA. RP Barbier, C (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Computat Sci & Engn Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37381 USA. RI Hanson, Paul J./D-8069-2011 OI Hanson, Paul J./0000-0001-7293-3561 NR 23 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 978-0-7918-4523-3 PY 2013 BP 807 EP 815 PG 9 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA BC1GH UT WOS:000350071100087 ER PT B AU Wu, WT Aubry, N Massoudi, M AF Wu, Wei-Tao Aubry, Nadine Massoudi, Mehrdad GP ASME TI FLOW OF GRANULAR MATERIALS MODELED AS A GENERALIZED REINER-RIVLIN TYPE FLUID SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL ENGINEERING CONGRESS AND EXPOSITION - 2012, VOL 7, PTS A-D LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT ASME International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition CY NOV 09-15, 2012 CL Houston, TX SP ASME DE Non-linear fluids; Simple shear flow; Numerical solutions; Reiner-Rivlin fluid; Volume fraction; Granular materials ID DISSIPATION; RHEOMETER; MECHANICS; GRADIENT; SLURRY AB In this paper we use a non-linear constitutive model for flowing granular materials developed by Massoudi [1] which not only considers the effect of volume fraction but also has a viscosity which is shear rate dependent. This model is a generalization of Reiner's model [2] derived for wet sand. Specifically we study the simple shear flow of granular materials between two horizontal plates, with the lower plate fixed and the upper plate moving at a constant speed. Numerical solutions are presented for various dimensionless parameters. C1 [Wu, Wei-Tao; Aubry, Nadine] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. [Massoudi, Mehrdad] US DOE, NETL, Pittsburgh, PA USA. RP Wu, WT (reprint author), Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. EM weitaow@andrew.cmu.edu; aubry@andrew.cmu.edu; Mehrdad.Massoudi@NETL.DOE.GOV NR 38 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 978-0-7918-4523-3 PY 2013 BP 1077 EP 1083 PG 7 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA BC1GH UT WOS:000350071100124 ER PT B AU Yang, HJ Aubry, N Massoudi, M AF Yang, Hyunjin Aubry, Nadine Massoudi, Mehrdad GP ASME TI NUMERICAL STUDY OF A NON-LINEAR MODEL FOR THE HEAT FLUX VECTOR FOR GRANULAR MATERIALS SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL ENGINEERING CONGRESS AND EXPOSITION - 2012, VOL 7, PTS A-D LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT ASME International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition CY NOV 09-15, 2012 CL Houston, TX SP ASME ID FLOW AB The two important constitutive relations needed for the study of flow and heat transfer in granular materials, where the effects of radiation are ignored, are the stress tensor and the heat flux vector. Massoudi [1, 2] derived a constitutive model that reflects the dependence of the heat flux vector on the temperature gradient, the density gradient and the velocity gradient, in an appropriate frame-invariant formulation. In this paper we use a simplified version of this model and consider the one dimensional fully developed flow of granular materials down a heated inclined plane, subject to a constant temperature boundary condition. The equations are made dimensionless and a parametric study is performed in order to examine the effects of the additional parameters on the heat flux vector. The derived governing equations are coupled non-linear second order ordinary differential equations which are solved numerically and the results are shown for the temperature, volume fraction and velocity profiles. C1 [Yang, Hyunjin; Aubry, Nadine] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. [Massoudi, Mehrdad] US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. RP Yang, HJ (reprint author), Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Mech Engn, 5000 Forbes Ave, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. EM hyunjiny@andrew.cmu.edu; aubry@andrew.cmu.edu; Mehrdad.Massoudi@NETL.DOE.GOV NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 978-0-7918-4523-3 PY 2013 BP 1085 EP 1092 PG 8 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA BC1GH UT WOS:000350071100125 ER PT B AU Rollin, B Denissen, NA Reisner, JM Andrews, MJ AF Rollin, Bertrand Denissen, Nicholas A. Reisner, Jon M. Andrews, Malcolm J. GP ASME TI SIMULATIONS OF THE TILTED RIG EXPERIMENT USING THE XRAGE AND FLAG HYDROCODES SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL ENGINEERING CONGRESS AND EXPOSITION - 2012, VOL 7, PTS A-D LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT ASME International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition CY NOV 09-15, 2012 CL Houston, TX SP ASME AB The tilted rig experiment is a derivative of the rocket rig experiment designed to study mixing of fluids by the Rayleigh-Taylor instability. In this experiment, a tank containing two fluids of different densities is accelerated downwards between two parallel guide rods by a rocket motor. The rocket rig is inclined by a few degrees off the vertical to force a two-dimensional Rayleigh-Taylor instability. Thus, the tilted rig experiment can help calibrate two-dimensional mixing models. Simulations of the tilted rig experiments using two of Los Alamos National Laboratory's hydrocodes are reported. Both codes,)(RAGE and FLAG, are multidimensional, multimaterial, massively parallel, hydrodynamics codes that solve the Euler equations. xRAGE operates in an Eulerian framework, while FLAG operates in an Arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian (ALE) framework, with a Lagrange step followed by mesh relaxation and remapping. Direct comparisons between simulations and experimental results are reported, as well as report the behavior of the variable-density turbulence models implemented in the codes. C1 [Rollin, Bertrand; Denissen, Nicholas A.; Reisner, Jon M.; Andrews, Malcolm J.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. RP Rollin, B (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. EM bertrand@lanl.gov; denissen@lanl.gov; reisner@lanl.gov; mandrews@lanl.gov NR 30 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 978-0-7918-4523-3 PY 2013 BP 1353 EP 1361 PG 9 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA BC1GH UT WOS:000350071100154 ER PT B AU Sayer, RA AF Sayer, Robert A. GP ASME TI THERMAL RECTIFICATION IN BULK MATERIALS USING ROUGH CONTACTS: A THERMAL DIODE SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL ENGINEERING CONGRESS AND EXPOSITION - 2012, VOL 7, PTS A-D LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT ASME International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition CY NOV 09-15, 2012 CL Houston, TX SP ASME AB Thermal rectification occurs when a device permits heat to flow preferentially in one direction direction while restricting it in the opposite direction. Thermal rectification can occur whenever an asymmetry is present in a device, and has been demonstrated to arise in bulk materials that have asymmetric geometry, in the contact of two materials with different thermal properties and in nanomaterials. Herein, a thermal diode that utilizes thermal expansion to directionally control interfacial conductance between two contacting surfaces is presented. Essentially, the device consists of two thermal reservoirs contacting a beam with one rough and one smooth end. When the temperature of reservoir in contact with the smooth surface is raised, a similar temperature rise will occur in the beam, causing it to expand, thus increasing the contact pressure at the rough interface and reducing the interfacial contact resistance. However, if the temperature of the reservoir in contact with the rough interface is raised, the large contact resistance will prevent a similar temperature rise in the beam. As a result, the contact pressure will be marginally affected and the contact resistance will not change appreciably. Owing to the decreased contact resistance of the first scenario compared to the second, thermal rectification occurs. A parametric analysis is used to determine optimal device parameters including surface roughness, contact pressure and device length. Modeling predicts rectification factors greater than 2 are possible at thermal biases as small as 3 K. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Sayer, RA (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM rsayer@sandia.gov NR 22 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 978-0-7918-4523-3 PY 2013 BP 1559 EP 1564 PG 6 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA BC1GH UT WOS:000350071100177 ER PT B AU Bamberger, JA AF Bamberger, Judith Ann GP ASME TI EVALUATION OF PULSE JET MIXER CONCENTRATION PROFILES TO TRACK SLURRY SUSPENSION SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL ENGINEERING CONGRESS AND EXPOSITION - 2012, VOL 7, PTS A-D LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT ASME International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition CY NOV 09-15, 2012 CL Houston, TX SP ASME AB A series of tests were conducted to evaluate the mixing performance of pulse jet mixers. A pulse-jet mixing system involves an array of pulse tubes with nozzles directed toward the vessel floor inside the mixing vessel. Fluid is expelled from the pulse tubes during the drive portion of the PJM cycle. Fluid refills into the pulse tubes during the refill portion of the PJM cycle. This cyclical process can be used to mix slurries. Concentration profiles as a function of location and elevation in the tank were taken during the pulse jet mixer cycle at several radial locations within the mixing vessel: at the center, near the wall, and half-way between the center and the wall. The data are being examined to determine how the time during the cycle affects the solids suspension and settling. Examples will be presented for several particle types, concentrations, and pulse-jet operating conditions. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99354 USA. RP Bamberger, JA (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99354 USA. EM Judith.Bamberger@pnnl.gov NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 978-0-7918-4523-3 PY 2013 BP 2263 EP 2269 PG 7 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA BC1GH UT WOS:000350071100254 ER PT B AU Davis, BL Su, M El-Kady, I Hussein, MI AF Davis, Bruce L. Su, Mehmet El-Kady, Ihab Hussein, Mahmoud I. GP ASME TI SILICON THIN-FILM LATTICE DYNAMICS AND THERMAL TRANSPORT PROPERTIES SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL ENGINEERING CONGRESS AND EXPOSITION - 2012, VOL 7, PTS A-D LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT ASME International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition CY NOV 09-15, 2012 CL Houston, TX SP ASME ID HEAT-CONDUCTION; PHONON; NANOSTRUCTURES; ENERGY AB Thin films composed of dielectric materials are attracting growing interest in the solid state physics and nanoscale heat transfer communities. This is primarily due to their unique thermal and electronic properties and their extensive use as components in optoelectronic, and potentially in thermoelectric, devices. In this paper, an elaborate study is presented on silicon thin films ranging from a few nanometers in thickness to very thick bulk-like thicknesses. Full lattice dynamics calculations are performed incorporating the entire film cross section and the relaxation of the free surfaces. The phonon properties emerging from these calculations are then incorporated into Holland-Callaway models to predict the thermal conductivity and other phonon transport properties. A rigorous curve fitting process to a limited set of available experimental data is carried out to obtain the scattering lifetimes. Our results demonstrate the importance of proper consideration of the full thin-film dispersion description and provide insights into the relationship between thermal conductivity, film thickness and temperature. C1 [Davis, Bruce L.; Hussein, Mahmoud I.] Univ Colorado, Dept Aerosp Engn Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Su, Mehmet] Univ New Mexico, Dept Mech Engn, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [El-Kady, Ihab] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Davis, BL (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Dept Aerosp Engn Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. EM bruce.davis@colorado.edu; mfatihsu@ece.unm.edu; ielkady@sandia.gov; mih@colorado.edu NR 30 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 978-0-7918-4523-3 PY 2013 BP 2993 EP 2998 PG 6 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA BC1GH UT WOS:000350071100339 ER PT B AU Escobar, S Pakalapati, SR Celik, I Ferguson, D Strakey, P AF Escobar, Sergio Pakalapati, Suryanarayana R. Celik, Ismail Ferguson, Donald Strakey, Peter GP ASME TI NUMERICAL INVESTIGATION OF ROTATING DETONATION COMBUSTION IN ANNULAR CHAMBERS SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME TURBO EXPO: TURBINE TECHNICAL CONFERENCE AND EXPOSITION, 2013, VOL 1A LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT ASME Turbo Expo: Turbine Technical Conference and Exposition CY JUN 03-07, 2013 CL San Antonio, TX SP Int Gas Turbine Inst ID OXYGEN; FLOW AB This article presents two dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) computational analysis of rotating detonation combustion (RDC) in annular chambers using the commercial computational fluid dynamics (CFD) solver ANSYS-Fluent V13. The applicability of ANSYS-Fluent to predict the predominant phenomena taking place in the combustion chamber of a rotating detonation combustor is assessed. Simulations are performed for stoichiometric Hydrogen-Air combustion using two different chemical mechanisms. First, a widely used one-step reaction mechanism that uses mass fraction of the reactant as a progress variable, then a reduced chemical mechanism for H-2-Air combustion including NOx chemistry was employed. Time dependent 2D and 3D simulations are carried out by solving Euler equations for compressible flows coupled with chemical reactions. Fluent user defined functions (UDF) were constructed and integrated into the commercial CFD solver in order to model the micro nozzle and slot injection system for fuel and oxidizer, respectively. Predicted pressure and temperature fields and detonation wave velocities are compared for the two reaction mechanisms. Curvature effects on the properties of transverse detonation waves are studied by comparing the 2D and 3D simulations. The effects of diffusion terms on RDC phenomena are assessed by solving full Navier-Stokes equations and comparing the results with those from Euler equations. Computational results are compared with experimentally measured pressure data obtained from the literature. Results show that the detonation wave velocity is over predicted in all the simulations. However, good agreement between computational and experimental data for the pressure field and transverse detonation wave structure proves adequate capabilities of ANSYS-Fluent to predict the main physical characteristics of RDC operation. Finally, various improvements for RDC modeling are postulated, particularly for better prediction of wave velocity. C1 [Escobar, Sergio; Pakalapati, Suryanarayana R.; Celik, Ismail] W Virginia Univ, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. [Ferguson, Donald; Strakey, Peter] Natl Energy Technol Lab, Morgantown, WV USA. RP Escobar, S (reprint author), W Virginia Univ, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. NR 24 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 978-0-7918-5510-2 PY 2013 AR V001T04A071 PG 9 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA BD5DT UT WOS:000361340900071 ER PT B AU Bedick, CR Weiland, NT Strakey, PA AF Bedick, Clinton R. Weiland, Nathan T. Strakey, Peter A. GP ASME TI REACTION ZONE CHARACTERIZATION IN A GAS TURBINE MODEL VALIDATION COMBUSTOR SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME TURBO EXPO: TURBINE TECHNICAL CONFERENCE AND EXPOSITION, 2013, VOL 1B LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT ASME Turbo Expo: Turbine Technical Conference and Exposition CY JUN 03-07, 2013 CL San Antonio, TX SP Int Gas Turbine Inst ID LASER-INDUCED FLUORESCENCE; COMPOSITIONAL STRUCTURE; NONPREMIXED FLAMES; PREMIXED FLAMES AB The Enclosed Sydney Swirl Burner (ESSB), a half-scale version of the Sydney Swirl Burner coupled to an optically accessible combustion chamber, was recently constructed at the National Energy Technology Laboratory for the purpose of generating global emissions and model validation data in a configuration relevant to industrial and gas turbine combustion. The ESSB is capable of diffusion flame combustion of CH4/H-2/inert fuel mixtures in highly swirling air flow over a bluff body, and can produce a wide variety of flame types and structures for study. Based on stability characteristics and global emissions data, three flames were chosen for reaction zone characterization: a non-swirling 1:1 H-2:CH4 flame, a high-swirl 1:1 H-2:CH4 flame, and a lifted, V-shaped flame of CH4 with a swirling air flow. Reaction zone characterization is performed via planar OH-PLIF measurements taken at multiple locations within the square cross-section of the ESSB. Mean flame surface locations are described, and maps of flame front probabilities are generated for each of the flames. Measurements indicate quenching in the high strain region in the neck above the bluff body for the non-swirling flame, wall-quenching for the swirling flames, and OH production below the lifted flame that helps sustain the reaction zone. The OH-PLIF data, as well as global emissions and thermal boundary condition measurements for these flames, are freely available for model validation purposes. C1 [Bedick, Clinton R.; Weiland, Nathan T.] Natl Energy Technol Lab, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. [Bedick, Clinton R.; Weiland, Nathan T.] W Virginia Univ, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. [Strakey, Peter A.] Natl Energy Technol Lab, Morgantown, WV USA. RP Bedick, CR (reprint author), Natl Energy Technol Lab, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 978-0-7918-5511-9 PY 2013 AR V002T04A068 PG 12 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA BD5DU UT WOS:000361341000068 ER PT B AU O'Connor, J Acharya, V AF O'Connor, Jacqueline Acharya, Vishal GP ASME TI DEVELOPMENT OF A FLAME TRANSFER FUNCTION FRAMEWORK FOR TRANSVERSELY FORCED FLAMES SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME TURBO EXPO: TURBINE TECHNICAL CONFERENCE AND EXPOSITION, 2013, VOL 1B LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT ASME Turbo Expo: Turbine Technical Conference and Exposition CY JUN 03-07, 2013 CL San Antonio, TX SP Int Gas Turbine Inst ID ANNULAR COMBUSTION-CHAMBERS; SWIRL-STABILIZED COMBUSTOR; LAMINAR PREMIXED FLAME; LARGE-EDDY SIMULATION; INSTABILITIES; DYNAMICS; OSCILLATIONS; FLOW; MECHANISMS; EXPERIENCE AB This paper describes a framework for the development of a flame transfer function for transversely forced flames. While extensive flame transfer function measurements have been made for longitudinally forced flames, the disturbance field characteristics governing the flame response of a transversely forced flame are different enough to warrant separate investigation. In this work, we draw upon previous investigations of the flame. disturbance pathways in a transversely forced flame to describe the underlying mechanisms that govern the behavior of the flame transfer function. Previous transverse forcing studies have shown that acoustic coupling in the nozzle region can result in both transverse and longitudinal acoustic fluctuations at the flame, and that the acoustic coupling is a function of combustor geometry, and hence, frequency. The results presented here quantify this coupling across a large range of frequencies using a velocity transfer function, Fry. The shape of the velocity transfer function gain indicates that there is strong acoustic coupling between the main combustor section and the nozzle at certain frequencies. Next, measured flame transfer functions are compared with results from theory. These theoretical results are derived from two level-set models of flame response to velocity disturbance fields, where velocity inputs are derived from experimental results. Data at several test conditions are presented and larger implications of this research are described with respect to gas turbine combustor design. C1 [O'Connor, Jacqueline] Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Acharya, Vishal] Georgia Inst Technol, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. RP O'Connor, J (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 66 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 978-0-7918-5511-9 PY 2013 AR V002T04A064 PG 16 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA BD5DU UT WOS:000361341000064 ER PT B AU O'Connor, J Worth, NA Dawson, JR AF O'Connor, Jacqueline Worth, Nicholas A. Dawson, James R. GP ASME TI FLAME AND FLOW DYNAMICS OF A SELF-EXCITED, STANDING WAVE CIRCUMFERENTIAL INSTABILITY IN A MODEL ANNULAR GAS TURBINE COMBUSTOR SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME TURBO EXPO: TURBINE TECHNICAL CONFERENCE AND EXPOSITION, 2013, VOL 1B LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT ASME Turbo Expo: Turbine Technical Conference and Exposition CY JUN 03-07, 2013 CL San Antonio, TX SP Int Gas Turbine Inst ID SWIRL-STABILIZED COMBUSTOR; MECHANISMS; INJECTORS AB Azimuthal instabilities are prevalent in annular gas turbine combustors; these instabilities have been observed in industrial systems and research combustors, and have been predicted in simulations. Recent experiments in a model annular combustor have resulted in self-excited, circumferential instability modes at a variety of operating conditions. The instability mode "drifts" between standing and spinning waves, both clockwise and counter-clockwise rotating, during the course of operation. In this study, we analyze the flame response to standing wave modes by comparing the flame dynamics in a self-excited annular combustor with the flame dynamics in a single nozzle, transverse forcing rig. In the model annular combustor, differences in flame fluctuation have been observed at the node and anti-node of the standing pressure wave. Flames at the pressure anti-node display symmetric fluctuations, while flames at the pressure node execute asymmetric, flapping motions. This flame motion has been measured using both OH* chemiluminescence and planar laser induced fluorescence of OH radicals. To better understand these flame dynamics, the time-resolved velocity fields from a transverse forcing experiment are presented, and show that such a configuration can capture the symmetric and asymmetric disturbance fields at similar frequency ranges. Using high-speed PIV in multiple planes of the flow, it has been found that symmetric ring vortex shedding is driven by pressure fluctuations at the pressure anti-node whereas helical vortex disturbances drive the asymmetric flame disturbances at pressure nodes. By comparing the results of these two experiments, we are able to more fully understand flame dynamics during self-excited combustion instability in annular combustion chambers. C1 [O'Connor, Jacqueline] Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Worth, Nicholas A.; Dawson, James R.] Univ Cambridge, Cambridge, England. RP O'Connor, J (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 49 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 978-0-7918-5511-9 PY 2013 AR V002T04A063 PG 15 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA BD5DU UT WOS:000361341000063 ER EF