FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT J AU Sakaguchi, K Miyoshi, Y Spanswick, E Donovan, E Mann, IR Jordanova, V Shiokawa, K Connors, M Green, JC AF Sakaguchi, K. Miyoshi, Y. Spanswick, E. Donovan, E. Mann, I. R. Jordanova, V. Shiokawa, K. Connors, M. Green, J. C. TI Visualization of ion cyclotron wave and particle interactions in the inner magnetosphere via THEMIS-ASI observations SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID ART.; ARRAY; ARCS; PRECIPITATION; PROTONS; MODEL AB Interaction with EMIC (electromagnetic ion cyclotron) waves is thought to be a key component contributing to the very rapid loss of both ring current and radiation belt particles into the atmosphere. Estimated loss rates are heavily dependent on the assumed spatial distribution of the EMIC wave. Statistical maps of the spatial distribution have been produced using in-situ satellite data. However, with limited satellite data it is impossible to deduce the true spatial distribution. In this study, we present ground-based observations using all-sky imager and search coil magnetometer networks, which provide the large-scale distribution and motion of the EMIC wave-particle interaction regions. We observed several spots of isolated proton auroras simultaneously with Pc1/EMIC waves at subauroral latitudes during the expansion phase of a storm-time substorm on 9 March 2008. The isolated auroras were distributed over similar to 4-hours MLT preceding midnight. The POES-17 satellite confirmed enhancements of 30-keV proton precipitations over the isolated auroras. The equatorward motion of the auroras and frequency drift of the wave were consistent with the plasmasphere eroding due to a polar cap potential enhancement modeled by a numerical simulation. We also found that relativistic electron precipitation was not always associated with the isolated aurora, depending strongly on the plasma density profile near the plasmapause. This study shows that the specific distribution of ring current proton precipitation can be visualized through the ground network observations. By combining with upcoming inner-magnetosphere satellite missions, these remote-sensing observations are very important for quantitative understanding of the particle loss in the inner magnetosphere. C1 [Sakaguchi, K.] Natl Inst Informat & Communicat Technol, Koganei, Tokyo 1878795, Japan. [Miyoshi, Y.; Shiokawa, K.] Nagoya Univ, Solar Terr Environm Lab, Nagoya, Aichi 4648601, Japan. [Spanswick, E.; Donovan, E.] Univ Calgary, Dept Phys & Astron, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada. [Mann, I. R.] Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB, Canada. [Jordanova, V.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA. [Connors, M.] Athabasca Univ, Ctr Sci, Athabasca, AB, Canada. [Green, J. C.] NOAA, Natl Geophys Data Ctr, Boulder, CO 80303 USA. RP Sakaguchi, K (reprint author), Natl Inst Informat & Communicat Technol, 4-2-1 Nukuikitamachi, Koganei, Tokyo 1878795, Japan. EM kaoris@nict.go.jp RI Miyoshi, Yoshizumi/B-5834-2015; OI Miyoshi, Yoshizumi/0000-0001-7998-1240; Donovan, Eric/0000-0002-8557-4155; Jordanova, Vania/0000-0003-0475-8743 FU Canadian Space Agency FX The authors would like to thank S. Mende for the use of the THEMIS-ASI data, and the CSA for their logistical support in fielding and data retrieval from the GBO stations. The authors would also like to thank D.K. Milling and the rest of the CARISMA team for providing the CARISMA magnetometer data. CARISMA is operated by the University of Alberta and funded by the Canadian Space Agency. The POES data is provided from NGDC. NR 28 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0148-0227 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys. PD OCT 3 PY 2012 VL 117 AR A10204 DI 10.1029/2012JA018180 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 017RM UT WOS:000309608400006 ER PT J AU Intravaia, F Davids, PS Decca, RS Aksyuk, VA Lopez, D Dalvit, DAR AF Intravaia, F. Davids, P. S. Decca, R. S. Aksyuk, V. A. Lopez, D. Dalvit, D. A. R. TI Quasianalytical modal approach for computing Casimir interactions in periodic nanostructures SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID DIFFRACTION GRATINGS AB We present an almost fully analytical technique for computing Casimir interactions between periodic lamellar gratings based on a modal approach. Our method improves on previous work on Casimir modal approaches for nanostructures [Phys. Rev. A 82, 062111 (2010)] by using the exact form of the eigenvectors of such structures, and computing eigenvalues by solving numerically a simple transcendental equation. In some cases eigenvalues can be solved for exactly, such as the zero-frequency limit of gratings modeled by a Drude permittivity. Our technique also allows us to predict analytically the behavior of the Casimir interaction in limiting cases, such as the large-separation asymptotics. The method can be generalized to more complex grating structures and may provide a deeper understanding of the geometry-composition-temperature interplay in Casimir forces between nanostructures. C1 [Intravaia, F.; Dalvit, D. A. R.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Davids, P. S.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Decca, R. S.] Indiana Univ Purdue Univ, Dept Phys, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA. [Aksyuk, V. A.] NIST, Ctr Nanoscale Sci & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. [Lopez, D.] Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Nanoscale Mat, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Intravaia, F (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, MS B213, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Intravaia, Francesco/E-6500-2010; OI Intravaia, Francesco/0000-0001-7993-4698; Aksyuk, Vladimir/0000-0002-9653-4722 FU LANL LDRD program; DARPA/MTOs Casimir Effect Enhancement program under DOE/NNSA [DE-AC52-06NA25396, DOE-DARPA MIPR 09-Y557]; Center for Nanoscale Materials, a US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences User Facility [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX We thank R. O. Behunin and R. Guerout for interesting discussions related to this work. This work was partially supported by the LANL LDRD program and the DARPA/MTOs Casimir Effect Enhancement program under DOE/NNSA Contracts No. DE-AC52-06NA25396 and No. DOE-DARPA MIPR 09-Y557. This work was performed, in part, at the Center for Nanoscale Materials, a US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences User Facility under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. R.D. thanks the Integrated Nanosystems Development Institute and the Indiana University Collaborative Research Grants. NR 34 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 9 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD OCT 3 PY 2012 VL 86 IS 4 AR 042101 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.86.042101 PG 14 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA 014OF UT WOS:000309384700001 ER PT J AU Berlijn, T Hirschfeld, PJ Ku, W AF Berlijn, Tom Hirschfeld, P. J. Ku, Wei TI Effective Doping and Suppression of Fermi Surface Reconstruction via Fe Vacancy Disorder in KxFe2-ySe2 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AB We investigate the effect of disordered vacancies on the normal-state electronic structure of the newly discovered alkali-intercalated iron selenide superconductors. To this end, we use a recently developed Wannier function based method to calculate from first principles the configuration-averaged spectral function < A(k, omega)> of K0.8Fe1.6Se2 with disordered Fe and K vacancies. We find that the disorder can suppress the expected Fermi surface reconstruction without completely destroying the Fermi surface. More interestingly, the disorder effect raises the chemical potential significantly, giving enlarged electron pockets similar to highly doped KFe2Se2, without adding carriers to the system. C1 [Berlijn, Tom; Ku, Wei] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Phys & Mat Sci Dept, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Hirschfeld, P. J.] Univ Florida, Dept Phys, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Ku, Wei] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys, Stony Brook, NY 11790 USA. RP Berlijn, T (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Phys & Mat Sci Dept, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RI Berlijn, Tom/A-3859-2016 OI Berlijn, Tom/0000-0002-1001-2238 FU U. S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences under the CMCSN program [DE-AC02-98CH10886] FX Work funded by the U. S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences DE-AC02-98CH10886 under the CMCSN program. NR 36 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 6 U2 79 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD OCT 3 PY 2012 VL 109 IS 14 AR 147003 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.109.147003 PG 5 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 014OC UT WOS:000309384400010 PM 23083270 ER PT J AU Sayre, DB Brune, CR Carter, DE Jacobs, DK Massey, TN O'Donnell, JE AF Sayre, D. B. Brune, C. R. Carter, D. E. Jacobs, D. K. Massey, T. N. O'Donnell, J. E. TI E2 Interference Effects in the 12C(alpha, gamma(0))O-16 Reaction SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID C-12(ALPHA,GAMMA)O-16 CROSS-SECTION; DELAYED ALPHA-SPECTRUM; STELLAR ENERGIES; MATRIX ANALYSIS; MASSIVE STARS; NUCLEOSYNTHESIS; O-16; EVOLUTION; N-16; C-12 AB The E1-E2 interference sign between the E-c.m. = 2.68 - MeV E2 resonance and an underlying E1 strength has been measured for the first time. An E1-E2 asymmetry parameter of a = 0.07 +/- 0.05 was extracted from the thick-target gamma-ray yields of the narrow resonance at angles of 45 degrees and 135 degrees. The positive sign of a corresponded to constructive interference at forward angles and, further, allowed the interference between the resonance and an E2 background to be identified as constructive below the resonance energy. The E2-E2 interference was then used to evaluate the global S-E2 data within the vicinity of the resonance 2.5 <= Ec.m. <= 3.0 MeV. An analysis of the global S-E2 data that agreed with the interference scenario has determined the E2-E2 interference scheme of the 4.34-MeV resonance and background, resulting in a value of S-E2(300) = 62(-6)(+9) keV b. C1 [Sayre, D. B.; Brune, C. R.; Carter, D. E.; Jacobs, D. K.; Massey, T. N.; O'Donnell, J. E.] Ohio Univ, Athens, OH 45701 USA. RP Sayre, DB (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM sayre4@llnl.gov; brune@ohio.edu FU U. S. Department of Energy [DE-FG02-88ER40387, DE-FG52-09NA29455] FX We acknowledge the work of D. Shafer and C. Dodson in the design and fabrication of equipment, thank D. C. Ingram for assistance with the experimental setup, and appreciate the help with accelerator operations from S. Ahktar, Y. Byun, S. Dhakal, C. Parker, A. Ramirez, and A. Voinov. This work was supported in part by the U. S. Department of Energy under grant numbers DE-FG02-88ER40387 and DE-FG52-09NA29455. NR 37 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD OCT 3 PY 2012 VL 109 IS 14 AR 142501 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.109.142501 PG 5 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 014OC UT WOS:000309384400003 PM 23083238 ER PT J AU Yun, GS Park, HK Lee, W Choi, MJ Choe, GH Park, S Bae, YS Lee, KD Yoon, SW Jeon, YM Domier, CW Luhmann, NC Tobias, B Donne, AJH AF Yun, G. S. Park, H. K. Lee, W. Choi, M. J. Choe, G. H. Park, S. Bae, Y. S. Lee, K. D. Yoon, S. W. Jeon, Y. M. Domier, C. W. Luhmann, N. C., Jr. Tobias, B. Donne, A. J. H. CA KSTAR Team TI Appearance and Dynamics of Helical Flux Tubes under Electron Cyclotron Resonance Heating in the Core of KSTAR Plasmas SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SAWTOOTH CRASHES; CURRENT DRIVE; TOKAMAK; PERIOD; MODEL; TCV AB Dual (or sometimes multiple) flux tubes (DFTs) have been observed in the core of sawtoothing KSTAR tokamak plasmas with electron cyclotron resonance heating. The time evolution of the flux tubes visualized by a 2D electron cyclotron emission imaging diagnostic typically consists of four distinctive phases: (1) growth of one flux tube out of multiple small flux tubes during the initial buildup period following a sawtooth crash, resulting in a single dominant flux tube along the m/n = 1/1 helical magnetic field lines, (2) sudden rapid growth of another flux tube via a fast heat transfer from the first one, resulting in approximately identical DFTs, (3) coalescence of the two flux tubes into a single m/n = 1/1 flux tube resembling the internal kink mode in the normal sawteeth, which is explained by a model of two currentcarrying wires confined on a flux surface, and (4) fast localized crash of the merged flux tube similar to the standard sawtooth crash. The dynamics of the DFTs implies that the internal kink mode is not a unique prerequisite to the sawtooth crash, providing a new insight on the control of the sawtooth. C1 [Yun, G. S.; Park, H. K.; Lee, W.; Choi, M. J.; Choe, G. H.] POSTECH, Pohang 790784, South Korea. [Park, S.; Bae, Y. S.; Lee, K. D.; Yoon, S. W.; Jeon, Y. M.; KSTAR Team] Natl Fus Res Inst, Taejon 169148, South Korea. [Domier, C. W.; Luhmann, N. C., Jr.] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Tobias, B.] Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. [Donne, A. J. H.] Dutch Inst Fundamental Energy Res, Nieuwegein, Netherlands. [Donne, A. J. H.] Eindhoven Univ Technol, NL-5600 MB Eindhoven, Netherlands. RP Yun, GS (reprint author), POSTECH, Pohang 790784, South Korea. EM gunsu@postech.edu FU NRF Korea [20110018724]; BK21 program; U.S. DOE; Association Euratom-FOM FX This work was supported by the NRF Korea under the Contract No. 20110018724 and the BK21 program, the U.S. DOE, and the Association Euratom-FOM. NR 26 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 17 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD OCT 3 PY 2012 VL 109 IS 14 AR 145003 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.109.145003 PG 5 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 014OC UT WOS:000309384400004 PM 23083252 ER PT J AU Sannibale, F Filippetto, D Papadopoulos, CF Staples, J Wells, R Bailey, B Baptiste, K Corlett, J Cork, C De Santis, S Dimaggio, S Doolittle, L Doyle, J Feng, J Quintas, DG Huang, G Huang, H Kramasz, T Kwiatkowski, S Lellinger, R Moroz, V Norum, WE Padmore, H Pappas, C Portmann, G Vecchione, T Vinco, M Zolotorev, M Zucca, F AF Sannibale, F. Filippetto, D. Papadopoulos, C. F. Staples, J. Wells, R. Bailey, B. Baptiste, K. Corlett, J. Cork, C. De Santis, S. Dimaggio, S. Doolittle, L. Doyle, J. Feng, J. Quintas, D. Garcia Huang, G. Huang, H. Kramasz, T. Kwiatkowski, S. Lellinger, R. Moroz, V. Norum, W. E. Padmore, H. Pappas, C. Portmann, G. Vecchione, T. Vinco, M. Zolotorev, M. Zucca, F. TI Advanced photoinjector experiment photogun commissioning results SO PHYSICAL REVIEW SPECIAL TOPICS-ACCELERATORS AND BEAMS LA English DT Article ID FREE-ELECTRON LASER; OPERATION AB The Advanced Photoinjector Experiment (APEX) at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory is dedicated to the development of a high-brightness high-repetition rate (MHz-class) electron injector for x-ray free-electron laser (FEL) and other applications where high repetition rates and high brightness are simultaneously required. The injector is based on a new concept rf gun utilizing a normal-conducting (NC) cavity resonating in the VHF band at 186 MHz, and operating in continuous wave (cw) mode in conjunction with high quantum efficiency photocathodes capable of delivering the required charge at MHz repetition rates with available laser technology. The APEX activities are staged in three phases. In phase 0, the NC cw gun is built and tested to demonstrate the major milestones to validate the gun design and performance. Also, starting in phase 0 and continuing in phase I, different photocathodes are tested at the gun energy and at full repetition rate for validating candidate materials to operate in a high-repetition rate FEL. In phase II, a room-temperature pulsed linac is added for accelerating the beam at several tens of MeV to reduce space charge effects and allow the measurement of the brightness of the beam from the gun when integrated in an injector scheme. The installation of the phase 0 beam line and the commissioning of the VHF gun are completed, phase I components are under fabrication, and initial design and specification of components and layout for phase II are under way. This paper presents the phase 0 commissioning results with emphasis on the experimental milestones that have successfully demonstrated the APEX gun capability of operating at the required performance. C1 [Sannibale, F.; Filippetto, D.; Papadopoulos, C. F.; Staples, J.; Wells, R.; Bailey, B.; Baptiste, K.; Corlett, J.; Cork, C.; De Santis, S.; Dimaggio, S.; Doolittle, L.; Doyle, J.; Feng, J.; Quintas, D. Garcia; Huang, G.; Huang, H.; Kramasz, T.; Kwiatkowski, S.; Lellinger, R.; Moroz, V.; Norum, W. E.; Padmore, H.; Pappas, C.; Portmann, G.; Vecchione, T.; Vinco, M.; Zolotorev, M.; Zucca, F.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Sannibale, F (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM FSannibale@LBL.gov RI Huang, Gang/I-7772-2013 FU Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX The authors want to thank John Byrd, Peter Denes, Paul Emma, David Robin, and the AFRD, ALS, and Engineering Divisions for the continuous support during the various phases of the project, and Marco Venturini, Ji Qiang, and Weishi Wan for useful discussions. The authors want also to express their appreciation to Ali Nassiri and Conor Pogue for their helpful participation in some of the commissioning shifts. This work was supported by the Director of the Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. NR 41 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 14 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-4402 J9 PHYS REV SPEC TOP-AC JI Phys. Rev. Spec. Top.-Accel. Beams PD OCT 3 PY 2012 VL 15 IS 10 AR 103501 DI 10.1103/PhysRevSTAB.15.103501 PG 9 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 014PM UT WOS:000309388000002 ER PT J AU Bayati, MR Ding, J Lee, YF Narayan, RJ Narayan, J Zhou, H Pennycook, SJ AF Bayati, M. R. Ding, J. Lee, Y. F. Narayan, R. J. Narayan, J. Zhou, H. Pennycook, S. J. TI Defect mediated photocatalytic decomposition of 4-chlorophenol on epitaxial rutile thin films under visible and UV illumination SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS-CONDENSED MATTER LA English DT Article ID MICRO-ARC OXIDATION; TITANIUM-DIOXIDE; DOPED TIO2; DEGRADATION; CHEMISTRY; PHOTOACTIVITY; ENHANCEMENT; ANATASE; LAYERS AB We show that pure rutile TiO2 can be photo-responsive even under low energy visible light after annealing in vacuum where we envisage that the point defects, i.e. oxygen vacancies and titanium interstitials, serve an important role. In this study, single crystal rutile films were grown by the pulsed laser deposition technique and then vacuum annealed under different oxygen pressures to introduce defects into their lattices. 4-chlorophenol was selected as a model material and decomposed by the annealed TiO2 films where the maximum photocatalytic reaction rate constants were determined as 0.0107 and 0.0072 min(-1) under UV and visible illumination. Epitaxial growth along the [200] direction was confirmed by phi-scan and 2 theta-scan XRD and the epitaxial relationship between the rutile film and the c-sapphire substrate was explained as (100)[010](R) vertical bar vertical bar (0001)[1 (2) over bar 10](S). The formation of atomically sharp interfaces and the epitaxial growth were ascertained by annular dark-field STEM imaging. Based on the XPS, UV-vis and PL spectroscopy results, it was found that the defect concentration increased after annealing under lower pressures, e.g. 5 x 10(-6) Torr. In contrast, more perfect crystals were obtained when the films were annealed under high oxygen pressures, namely 5 x 10(1) Torr. The morphology of the films was also investigated by employing an AFM technique. It was observed that increase of the annealing pressure results in the formation of larger grains. It was also found that the electrical resistivity of the rutile films strongly increased by about three orders of magnitude when the annealing pressure increased from 5 x 10(-4) to 5 x 10(1) Torr. C1 [Bayati, M. R.; Lee, Y. F.; Narayan, R. J.; Narayan, J.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Ding, J.] Zhejiang Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Hangzhou 310027, Peoples R China. [Narayan, R. J.] Univ N Carolina, Joint Dept Biomed Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Zhou, H.; Pennycook, S. J.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Bayati, MR (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, EB 1, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM mbayati@ncsu.edu RI Narayan, Roger/J-2789-2013 OI Narayan, Roger/0000-0002-4876-9869 FU National Science Foundation (NSF) FX This research was supported by the National Science Foundation (NSF). NR 24 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 2 U2 36 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0953-8984 J9 J PHYS-CONDENS MAT JI J. Phys.-Condes. Matter PD OCT 3 PY 2012 VL 24 IS 39 AR 395005 DI 10.1088/0953-8984/24/39/395005 PG 9 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 007AP UT WOS:000308861500023 PM 22941905 ER PT J AU Qian, HF Jiang, DE Li, G Gayathri, C Das, A Gil, RR Jin, RC AF Qian, Huifeng Jiang, De-en Li, Gao Gayathri, Chakicherla Das, Anindita Gil, Roberto R. Jin, Rongchao TI Monoplatinum Doping of Gold Nanoclusters and Catalytic Application SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID NUCLEAR-MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; THIOLATE-PROTECTED AU-25; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; QUANTUM CLUSTERS; CHARGE-STATE; NANOPARTICLES; STABILITY; MONODISPERSE; CORE AB We report single-atom doping of gold nanoclusters (NCs), and its drastic effects on the optical, electronic, and catalytic properties, using the 25-atom system as a model. In our synthetic approach, a mixture of Pt1Au24(SC2H4Ph)(18) and Au-25(SC2H4Ph)(18) was produced via a size-focusing process, and then Pt1Au24(SC2H4Ph)(18) NCs were obtained by selective decomposition of Au-25(SC2H4Ph)(18) in the mixture with concentrated H2O2 followed by purification via size-exclusion chromatography. Experimental and theoretical analyses confirmed that Pt1Au24(SC2H4Ph)(18) possesses a Pt-centered icosahedral core capped by six Au-2(SC2H4Ph)(3) staples. The Pt1Au24(SC2H4Ph)(18) cluster exhibits greatly enhanced stability and catalytic activity relative to Au-25(SC2H4Ph)(18) but a smaller energy gap (E-g approximate to 0.8 eV vs 1.3 eV for the homogold cluster). C1 [Qian, Huifeng; Li, Gao; Gayathri, Chakicherla; Das, Anindita; Gil, Roberto R.; Jin, Rongchao] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Chem, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. [Jiang, De-en] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Jin, RC (reprint author), Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Chem, 4400 5th Ave, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. EM rongchao@andrew.cmu.edu RI Jiang, De-en/D-9529-2011; Li, Gao/C-7527-2013; Qian, Huifeng /C-1486-2011; Gil, Roberto/A-4758-2008 OI Jiang, De-en/0000-0001-5167-0731; Gil, Roberto/0000-0002-8810-5047 FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research under AFOSR Award [FA9550-11-1-9999, FA9550-11-1-0147]; Camille Dreyfus Teacher-Scholar Awards Program; NSF [CHE-0130903, CHE-1039870]; Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy; Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX The experimental work was supported by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research under AFOSR Award FA9550-11-1-9999 (FA9550-11-1-0147) and the Camille Dreyfus Teacher-Scholar Awards Program. NMR instrumentation at CMU was partially supported by NSF (CHE-0130903 and CHE-1039870). We thank Dr. Zhongrui Zhou for assistance in ESIMS analysis and Prof. Richard D. McCullough for UV/vis/NIR measurements. The theoretical work was supported by the Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy. DFT calculations used resources of the National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center, which is supported by the Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract DE-AC02-05CH11231. NR 60 TC 147 Z9 147 U1 19 U2 173 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD OCT 3 PY 2012 VL 134 IS 39 BP 16159 EP 16162 DI 10.1021/ja307657a PG 4 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 013VW UT WOS:000309335000017 PM 22992034 ER PT J AU Li, J Rothstein, SN Little, SR Edenborn, HM Meyer, TY AF Li, Jian Rothstein, Sam N. Little, Steven R. Edenborn, Harry M. Meyer, Tara Y. TI The Effect of Monomer Order on the Hydrolysis of Biodegradable Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) Repeating Sequence Copolymers SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID RING-OPENING POLYMERIZATION; PLGA-BASED MICROPARTICLES; DRUG-DELIVERY SYSTEMS; ALT-GLYCOLIC ACID); MICROSTRUCTURAL ANALYSIS; RADICAL POLYMERIZATION; MULTIBLOCK COPOLYMERS; ALIPHATIC POLYESTERS; PRECISE CONTROL; DEGRADATION AB The effect of sequence on copolymer properties is rarely studied despite the precedent from Nature that monomer order can create materials of significant diversity. Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA), one of the most important biodegradable copolymers, is widely used in an unsequenced, random form for both drug delivery micro-particles and tissue engineering matrices. Sequenced PLGA copolymers have been synthesized and fabricated into microparticles to study how their hydrolysis rates compare to those of random copolymers. Sequenced PLGA microparticles were found to degrade at slower, and often more constant, rates than random copolymers with the same lactic to glycolic acid ratios as demonstrated by molecular weight decrease, lactic acid release, and thermal property analyses. The impact of copolymer sequence on in vitro release was studied using PLGA microparticles loaded with model agent rhodamine-B. These assays established that copolymer sequence affects the rate of release and that a more gradual burst release can be achieved using sequenced copolymers compared to a random control. C1 [Li, Jian; Meyer, Tara Y.] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Chem, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. [Rothstein, Sam N.; Little, Steven R.] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Chem Engn, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. [Little, Steven R.] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Bioengn, Dept Immunol, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. [Rothstein, Sam N.; Little, Steven R.; Meyer, Tara Y.] Univ Pittsburgh, McGowan Inst Regenerat Med, Pittsburgh, PA 15219 USA. [Edenborn, Harry M.] US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. RP Meyer, TY (reprint author), Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Chem, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. EM tmeyer@pitt.edu OI Little, Steven/0000-0002-7000-3931; Meyer, Tara/0000-0002-9810-454X FU NSF [CHE-0809289] FX We thank Sid Jhunjhunwala for helping with the preparation and characterization of microparticles, Hsiang-Kai Lin and Prof. Michael Trakselis for microcentrifuge access, and Ethel Burse for lactic acid release assays. Funding from NSF (CHE-0809289) is acknowledged. NR 63 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 3 U2 109 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD OCT 3 PY 2012 VL 134 IS 39 BP 16352 EP 16359 DI 10.1021/ja306866w PG 8 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 013VW UT WOS:000309335000040 PM 22950719 ER PT J AU Stasto, A Xiao, BW Yuan, F AF Stasto, Anna Xiao, Bo-Wen Yuan, Feng TI Back-to-back correlations of di-hadrons in dAu collisions at RHIC SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article ID COLOR GLASS CONDENSATE; GLUON DISTRIBUTION-FUNCTIONS; AZIMUTHAL CORRELATIONS; PAIR PRODUCTION; LARGE NUCLEI; LHC; QCD; DEPENDENCE; EVOLUTION; MOMENTUM AB We perform a theoretical analysis of the azimuthal angular correlation of two-hadron productions in the forward dAu collisions at RHIC in the saturation formalism, and obtain a very good agreement with the experimental data. It is demonstrated that the suppression and broadening of the away side peak provide a unique signal for the onset of the saturation mechanism at small-x in a large nucleus. We emphasize that future experiments of di-hadron correlations in pA collisions at both RHIC and LHC, and in eA collisions at the planned electron-ion collider, shall provide us with a thorough study and understanding of the strong interaction dynamics in the saturation regime. (c) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Stasto, Anna; Xiao, Bo-Wen] Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Stasto, Anna] Brookhaven Natl Lab, RIKEN BNL Res Ctr, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Stasto, Anna] Polish Acad Sci, H Niewodniczanski Inst Nucl Phys, Krakow, Poland. [Xiao, Bo-Wen; Yuan, Feng] Peking Univ, Ctr High Energy Phys, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China. [Yuan, Feng] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Xiao, BW (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, 104 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. EM bowen@phys.columbia.edu RI Yuan, Feng/N-4175-2013 FU US Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; DOE Oil grant [DE - SC0002145] FX We thank E. Avsar, L. Bland, M. Chiu, F. Dominguez, C. Marquet, L. McLerran, A.H. Mueller, J.W. Qiu, M. Strikman, R. Venugopalan, W. Vogelsang and N. Xu for helpful conversations. In particular, we are grateful to R. Venugopalan for stimulating discussions and comments. This work was supported in part by the US Department of Energy under the contracts DE-AC02-05CH11231 and DOE Oil grant No. DE - SC0002145. We are grateful to RIKEN, Brookhaven National Laboratory and the US Department of Energy (contract number DE-AC02-98CH10886) for providing the facilities essential for the completion of this work. NR 40 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD OCT 2 PY 2012 VL 716 IS 3-5 BP 430 EP 434 DI 10.1016/j.physletb.2012.08.044 PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 014KO UT WOS:000309374800008 ER PT J AU Latta, DE Bachman, JE Scherer, MM AF Latta, Drew E. Bachman, Jonathan E. Scherer, Michelle M. TI Fe Electron Transfer and Atom Exchange in Goethite: Influence of Al-Substitution and Anion Sorption SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID FE(II)-INDUCED MINERALIZATION PATHWAYS; NATURAL ORGANIC-MATTER; AQUEOUS FE(II); FE(II)-CATALYZED TRANSFORMATION; REDUCTIVE DISSOLUTION; ALUMINOUS GOETHITE; ALPHA-FEOOH; IRON-OXIDES; GREEN RUST; FERRIHYDRITE AB The reaction of Fe(II) with Fe(III) oxides and hydroxides is complex and includes sorption of Fe(II) to the oxide, electron transfer between sorbed Fe(II) and structural Fe(III), reductive dissolution coupled to Fe atom exchange, and, in some cases mineral phase transformation. Much of the work investigating electron transfer and atom exchange between aqueous Fe(II) and Fe(III) oxides has been done under relatively simple aqueous conditions in organic buffers to control pH and background electrolytes to control ionic strength. Here, we investigate whether electron transfer is influenced by cation substitution of Al(III) in goethite and the presence of anions such as phosphate, carbonate, silicate, and natural organic matter. Results from Fe-57 Mossbauer spectroscopy indicate that both Al-substitution (up to 9%) and the presence of common anions (PO43-, CO32-, SiO44-, and humic acid) does not inhibit electron transfer between aqueous Fe(II) and Fe(III) in goethite under the conditions we studied. In contrast, sorption of a long-chain phospholipid completely shuts down electron transfer. Using an enriched isotope tracer method, we found that Al-substitution in goethite (10%), does, however, significantly decrease the extent of atom exchange between Fe(II) and goethite (from 43 to 12%) over a month's time. Phosphate, somewhat surprisingly, appears to have little effect on the rate and extent of atom exchange between aqueous Fe(II) and goethite. Our results show that electron transfer between aqueous Fe(II) and solid Fe(III) in goethite can occur under wide range of geochemical conditions, but that the extent of redox-driven Fe atom exchange may be dependent on the presence of substituting cations such as Al. C1 [Latta, Drew E.; Bachman, Jonathan E.; Scherer, Michelle M.] Univ Iowa, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. RP Latta, DE (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Biosci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM dlatta@anl.gov RI Latta, Drew/A-3030-2014 FU National Science Foundation (NSF) [CHE-1012037, EAR-0821615]; Subsurface Science Scientific Focus Area (SFA) at Argonne National Laboratory (ANL); Subsurface Biogeochemical Research Program, Office of the Biological and Environmental Research, Office of Science, U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) [DE-AC02-6CH11357] FX We gratefully acknowledge J. Thompson for his help and suggestions with operating the ICP-MS. We also thank M. St. Clair, C. A. Gorski, R. M. Handler, and M. V. Schaefer for helpful discussions during the course of this work We acknowledge The University of Iowa Central Microscopy facility for use of microscopy resources. Comments from three anonymous reviewers helped improve this manuscript. Funding for this work was provided from the National Science Foundation (NSF) through Grant No. CHE-1012037 and EAR-0821615 and through the Subsurface Science Scientific Focus Area (SFA) at Argonne National Laboratory (ANL) supported by the Subsurface Biogeochemical Research Program, Office of the Biological and Environmental Research, Office of Science, U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), under contract DE-AC02-6CH11357. NR 75 TC 24 Z9 25 U1 7 U2 114 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X EI 1520-5851 J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD OCT 2 PY 2012 VL 46 IS 19 BP 10614 EP 10623 DI 10.1021/es302094a PG 10 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 015FG UT WOS:000309431200032 PM 22963051 ER PT J AU Isaacman, G Chan, AWH Nah, T Worton, DR Ruehl, CR Wilson, KR Goldstein, AH AF Isaacman, Gabriel Chan, Arthur W. H. Nah, Theodora Worton, David R. Ruehl, Chris R. Wilson, Kevin R. Goldstein, Allen H. TI Heterogeneous OH Oxidation of Motor Oil Particles Causes Selective Depletion of Branched and Less Cyclic Hydrocarbons SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SINGLE-PHOTON IONIZATION; SECONDARY ORGANIC AEROSOL; FLIGHT MASS-SPECTROMETRY; LOW-VOLATILITY ORGANICS; GAS-CHROMATOGRAPHY; HYDROXYL RADICALS; HIGH-RESOLUTION; UPTAKE KINETICS; LIGHT-SOURCE; TIME AB Motor oil serves as a useful model system for atmospheric oxidation of hydrocarbon mixtures typical of anthropogenic atmospheric particulate matter, but its complexity often prevents comprehensive chemical speciation. In this work we fully characterize this formerly "unresolved complex mixture" at the molecular level using recently developed soft ionization gas chromatography techniques. Nucleated motor oil particles are oxidized in a flow tube reactor to investigate the relative reaction rates of observed hydrocarbon classes: alkanes, cycloalkanes, bicycloalkanes, tricycloalkanes, and steranes. Oxidation of hydrocarbons in a complex aerosol is found to be efficient, with approximately three-quarters (0.72 +/- 0.06) of OH collisions yielding a reaction. Reaction rates of individual hydrocarbons are structurally dependent: compared to normal alkanes, reaction rates increased by 20-50% with branching, while rates decreased similar to 20% per nonaromatic ring present. These differences in rates are expected to alter particle composition as a function of oxidation, with depletion of branched and enrichment of cyclic hydrocarbons. Due to this expected shift toward ring-opening reactions heterogeneous oxidation of the unreacted hydrocarbon mixture is less likely to proceed through fragmentation pathways in more oxidized particles. Based on the observed oxidation-induced changes in composition, isomer-resolved analysis has potential utility for determining the photochemical age of atmospheric particulate matter with respect to heterogeneous oxidation. C1 [Ruehl, Chris R.; Wilson, Kevin R.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Worton, David R.] Aerosol Dynam Inc, Berkeley, CA USA. [Goldstein, Allen H.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Environm & Energy Technol Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Isaacman, G (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM gabriel.isaacman@berkeley.edu RI Worton, David/A-8374-2012; Chan, Arthur/I-2233-2013; Goldstein, Allen/A-6857-2011; Isaacman-VanWertz, Gabriel/I-5590-2014 OI Worton, David/0000-0002-6558-5586; Chan, Arthur/0000-0001-7392-4237; Goldstein, Allen/0000-0003-4014-4896; Isaacman-VanWertz, Gabriel/0000-0002-3717-4798 FU Office of Energy Research, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program of Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration award [NA10OAR4310104]; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Science [FP-91781901-0] FX We thank Kathryn R. Kolesar for assistance operating the flow tube reactor. The Advanced Light Source as well as KRW and TN are supported by the Director, Office of Energy Research, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. CRR, AHG, and KRW are supported in part by the Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program of Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. Contributions by UCB personnel were supported in part by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration award No. NA10OAR4310104. G.I. was funded by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Science to Achieve Results (STAR) program, Fellowship Assistance Agreement No. FP-91781901-0. This work has not been formally reviewed by EPA. The views expressed in this work are solely those of the authors, and EPA does not endorse any products or commercial services mentioned. NR 37 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 2 U2 72 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD OCT 2 PY 2012 VL 46 IS 19 BP 10632 EP 10640 DI 10.1021/es302768a PG 9 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 015FG UT WOS:000309431200034 PM 22947099 ER PT J AU Harvey, OR Herbert, BE Kuo, LJ Louchouarn, P AF Harvey, Omar R. Herbert, Bruce E. Kuo, Li-Jung Louchouarn, Patrick TI Generalized Two-Dimensional Perturbation Correlation Infrared Spectroscopy Reveals Mechanisms for the Development of Surface Charge and Recalcitrance in Plant-Derived Biochars SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENT CHANGES; CELLULOSE I-BETA; PRIMARY ALCOHOLS; HYDROGEN-BONDS; BLACK CARBON; THERMAL-DEGRADATION; CHEMICAL-PROPERTIES; CARBOXYLIC-ACIDS; PYROLYSIS; OXIDATION AB Fundamental knowledge of how biochars develop surface-charge and resistance to environmental degradation is crucial to their production for customized applications or understanding their functions in the environment. Two-dimensional perturbation-based correlation infrared spectroscopy (2D-PCIS) was used to study the biochar formation process in three taxonomically different plant biomass, under oxygenlimited conditions along a heat-treatment-temperature gradient (HTT; 200-650 degrees C). Results from 2D-PCIS pointed to the systematic, HTT-induced defragmenting of lignocellulose H-bonding network and demethylenation/demethylation, oxidation, or dehydroxylation/dehydrogenation of lignocellulose fragments as the primary reactions controlling biochar properties along the HTT gradient. The cleavage of OH-O-type H-bonds, oxidation of free primary hydroxyls to carboxyls (carboxylation; HTT <= 500 degrees C), and their subsequent dehydrogenation/dehydroxylation (HTT > 500 degrees C) controlled surface charge on the biochars; while the dehydrogenation of methylene groups, which yielded increasingly condensed structures (R-CH2-R -> R=CH-R -> R=C=R), controlled biochar recalcitrance. Variations in biochar properties across plant biomass type were attributable to taxa-specific transformations. For example, apparent inefficiencies in the cleavage of wood-specific H-bonds, and their subsequent oxidation to carboxyls, lead to lower surface charge in wood biochars (compared to grass biochars). Both nontaxa and taxa-specific transformations highlighted by 2D-PCIS could have significant implications for biochar functioning in fire-impacted or biochar-amended systems. C1 [Harvey, Omar R.; Herbert, Bruce E.] Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Harvey, Omar R.] Univ So Mississippi, Dept Geog & Geol, Hattiesburg, MS 39406 USA. [Kuo, Li-Jung] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Marine Sci Lab, Sequim, WA 98382 USA. [Louchouarn, Patrick] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Marine Sci, Galveston, TX 77553 USA. RP Harvey, OR (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. EM Omar.Harvey@usm.edu RI Herbert, Bruce/K-4744-2013; Herbert, Bruce/L-2170-2015 OI Herbert, Bruce/0000-0002-6736-1148; Herbert, Bruce/0000-0002-6736-1148 FU Texas Transportation Institute; University of Southern Mississippi FX Financial support for O.R.H. was through the Texas Transportation Institute and the University of Southern Mississippi. The Soil Mineralogy Laboratory at Texas A&M University provided instrument time for XRD analysis. Suggestions from the Associate Editor and three anonymous reviewers improved this manuscript. NR 46 TC 41 Z9 43 U1 5 U2 72 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD OCT 2 PY 2012 VL 46 IS 19 BP 10641 EP 10650 DI 10.1021/es302971d PG 10 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 015FG UT WOS:000309431200035 PM 22950676 ER PT J AU Mrowiec, AA Rio, C Fridlind, AM Ackerman, AS Del Genio, AD Pauluis, OM Varble, AC Fan, JW AF Mrowiec, Agnieszka A. Rio, Catherine Fridlind, Ann M. Ackerman, Andrew S. Del Genio, Anthony D. Pauluis, Olivier M. Varble, Adam C. Fan, Jiwen TI Analysis of cloud-resolving simulations of a tropical mesoscale convective system observed during TWP-ICE: Vertical fluxes and draft properties in convective and stratiform regions SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES LA English DT Article ID COMMUNITY CLIMATE MODEL; 1985 SQUALL LINE; TOGA-COARE; CUMULUS CONVECTION; VELOCITY CHARACTERISTICS; OCEANIC CONVECTION; MOISTURE BUDGETS; DIURNAL CYCLE; MASS FLUXES; C-POL AB We analyze three cloud-resolving model simulations of a strong convective event observed during the TWP-ICE campaign, differing in dynamical core, microphysical scheme or both. Based on simulated and observed radar reflectivity, simulations roughly reproduce observed convective and stratiform precipitating areas. To identify the characteristics of convective and stratiform drafts that are difficult to observe but relevant to climate model parameterization, independent vertical wind speed thresholds are calculated to capture 90% of total convective and stratiform updraft and downdraft mass fluxes. Convective updrafts are fairly consistent across simulations (likely owing to fixed large-scale forcings and surface conditions), except that hydrometeor loadings differ substantially. Convective downdraft and stratiform updraft and downdraft mass fluxes vary notably below the melting level, but share similar vertically uniform draft velocities despite differing hydrometeor loadings. All identified convective and stratiform downdrafts contain precipitation below similar to 10 km and nearly all updrafts are cloudy above the melting level. Cold pool properties diverge substantially in a manner that is consistent with convective downdraft mass flux differences below the melting level. Despite differences in hydrometeor loadings and cold pool properties, convective updraft and downdraft mass fluxes are linearly correlated with convective area, the ratio of ice in downdrafts to that in updrafts is similar to 0.5 independent of species, and the ratio of downdraft to updraft mass flux is similar to 0.5-0.6, which may represent a minimum evaporation efficiency under moist conditions. Hydrometeor loading in stratiform regions is found to be a fraction of hydrometeor loading in convective regions that ranges from similar to 10% (graupel) to similar to 90% (cloud ice). These findings may lead to improved convection parameterizations. C1 [Mrowiec, Agnieszka A.] Columbia Univ, Ctr Climate Syst Res, New York, NY 10025 USA. [Mrowiec, Agnieszka A.; Fridlind, Ann M.; Ackerman, Andrew S.; Del Genio, Anthony D.] NASA, Goddard Inst Space Studies, New York, NY 10025 USA. [Rio, Catherine] CNRS IPSL, Meteorol Dynam Lab, Paris, France. [Pauluis, Olivier M.] NYU, Courant Inst Math Sci, New York, NY USA. [Varble, Adam C.] Univ Utah, Dept Atmospher Sci, Salt Lake City, UT USA. [Fan, Jiwen] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Mrowiec, AA (reprint author), Columbia Univ, Ctr Climate Syst Res, 2880 Broadway, New York, NY 10025 USA. EM as3845@columbia.edu RI Ackerman, Andrew/D-4433-2012; Fan, Jiwen/E-9138-2011 OI Ackerman, Andrew/0000-0003-0254-6253; FU DOE Office of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research [DE-PS02-09ER09-01, DE-AI02-06ER64173, DE-AI02-08ER64547]; DOE Atmospheric System Research Program; NASA Radiation Sciences Program; DOE Office of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research, Environmental Science Division FX This research was supported by the DOE Office of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research, through contracts DE-PS02-09ER09-01 (Mrowiec), DE-AI02-06ER64173 and DE-AI02-08ER64547 (Rio, Fridlind, Ackerman), by the DOE Atmospheric System Research Program (Del Genio and Fan), and by the NASA Radiation Sciences Program. Computational support was provided by the DOE National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center and the NASA Advanced Supercomputing Division. TWP-ICE data were obtained from the ARM program archive, sponsored by the DOE Office of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research, Environmental Science Division. We thank two anonymous reviewers for helpful comments. NR 93 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 16 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-897X J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. PD OCT 2 PY 2012 VL 117 AR D19201 DI 10.1029/2012JD017759 PG 23 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 018GZ UT WOS:000309649600002 ER PT J AU Borman, CJ Bonnesen, PV Moyer, BA AF Borman, Christopher J. Bonnesen, Peter V. Moyer, Bruce A. TI Selectivity Control in Synergistic Liquid-Liquid Anion Exchange of Univalent Anions via Structure-Specific Cooperativity between Quaternary Ammonium Cations and Anion Receptors SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID ION-PAIR RECEPTOR; HOFMEISTER BIAS; EXTRACTION; BINDING; 1,2-DICHLOROETHANE; SOLVENTS; SALTS; WATER; OLD AB Two anion receptors enhance liquid-liquid anion exchange when added to quaternary alkylammonium chloride anion exchangers, but with a striking dependence on the structure of the alkylammonium cation that suggests a supramolecular cooperative effect. Two anion receptors were investigated, meso-octamethylcalix[4]pyrrole (C4P) and the bisthiourea tweezer 1,1'-(propane-1,3-diyl)bis(3-(4-sec-butylphenyl)thiourea (BTU). Whereas synergism is comparatively weak when either methyltri(C-8,C-10)alkylammonium chloride (Aliquat 336) or tetraheptylammonium chloride is used with the BTU receptor, synergism between C4P and Aliquat 336 is so pronounced that anion exchange prefers chloride over more extractable nitrate and trifluoroacetate, effectively overcoming the ubiquitous Hofmeister bias. A thermochemical analysis of synergistic anion exchange has been provided for the first time, resulting in the estimation of binding constants for C4P with the ion pairs of A336(+) with Cl-, Br-, OAcF3-, NO3-, and I-. C1 [Borman, Christopher J.; Bonnesen, Peter V.; Moyer, Bruce A.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Moyer, BA (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM moyerba@ornl.gov RI Bonnesen, Peter/A-1889-2016; Moyer, Bruce/L-2744-2016 OI Bonnesen, Peter/0000-0002-1397-8281; Moyer, Bruce/0000-0001-7484-6277 FU Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy FX We thank Radu Custelcean for redrawing the X-ray structure from Gross et al.31 and Nathan L. Bill and Prof. Jonathan L. Sessler of the Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas, Austin, for the sample of meso-octamethylcalix[4]pyrrole used in this study. This research was sponsored by the Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy. NR 40 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 33 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0003-2700 J9 ANAL CHEM JI Anal. Chem. PD OCT 2 PY 2012 VL 84 IS 19 BP 8214 EP 8221 DI 10.1021/ac301315c PG 8 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA 016BV UT WOS:000309493200021 PM 22931168 ER PT J AU Lanekoff, I Heath, BS Liyu, A Thomas, M Carson, JP Laskin, J AF Lanekoff, Ingela Heath, Brandi S. Liyu, Andrey Thomas, Mathew Carson, James P. Laskin, Julia TI Automated Platform for High-Resolution Tissue Imaging Using Nanospray Desorption Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID ATMOSPHERIC-PRESSURE; IN-VIVO; CHEMICAL-IONIZATION; BRAIN; METABOLITES; HISTOLOGY; SECTIONS; SURFACE; LIPIDS; DRUGS AB An automated platform has been developed for acquisition and visualization of mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) data using nanospray desorption electrospray ionization (nano-DESI). The new system enables robust operation of the nano-DESI imaging source over many hours by precisely controlling the distance between the sample and the nano-DESI probe. This is achieved by mounting the sample holder onto an automated XYZ stage, defining the tilt of the sample plane, and recalculating the vertical position of the stage at each point. This approach is useful for imaging of relatively flat samples such as thin tissue sections. Custom software called MSI Quick View was developed for visualization of large data sets generated in imaging experiments. MSI Quick View enables fast visualization of the imaging data during data acquisition and detailed processing after the entire image is acquired. The performance of the system is demonstrated by imaging rat brain tissue sections. Low background noise enables simultaneous detection of lipids and metabolites in the tissue section. High-resolution mass analysis combined with tandem mass spectometry (MS/MS) experiments enabled identification of the observed species. In addition, the high dynamic range (>2000) of the technique allowed us to generate ion images of low-abundance isobaric lipids. A high-spatial resolution image was acquired over a small region of the tissue section revealing the distribution of an abundant brain metabolite, creatine, on the boundary between the white and gray matter. The observed distribution is consistent with the literature data obtained using magnetic resonance spectroscopy. C1 [Lanekoff, Ingela; Heath, Brandi S.; Laskin, Julia] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Chem & Mat Sci, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Liyu, Andrey] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm & Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Thomas, Mathew; Carson, James P.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Biol Sci, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Laskin, J (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Chem & Mat Sci, POB 999 K8-88, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM Julia.Laskin@pnnl.gov RI Laskin, Julia/H-9974-2012 OI Laskin, Julia/0000-0002-4533-9644 FU Chemical Imaging Program at the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL); U.S. Department of Energy's (DOE) Office of Biological and Environmental Research FX The authors acknowledge support from the Chemical Imaging Program at the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL). The authors thank Drs. Chuck Timchalk and Jordan Smith (PNNL) for providing the rat brain tissue samples and Dr. Donsheng Li for stimulating discussions. The research was performed at EMSL, a national scientific user facility sponsored by the U.S. Department of Energy's (DOE) Office of Biological and Environmental Research and located at PNNL. PNNL is operated by Battelle for the DOE. NR 38 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 8 U2 90 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0003-2700 J9 ANAL CHEM JI Anal. Chem. PD OCT 2 PY 2012 VL 84 IS 19 BP 8351 EP 8356 DI 10.1021/ac301909a PG 6 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA 016BV UT WOS:000309493200040 PM 22954319 ER PT J AU Tan, YJ Wang, WH Zheng, Y Dong, JL Stefano, G Brandizzi, F Garavito, RM Reid, GE Bruening, ML AF Tan, Yu-Jing Wang, Wei-Han Zheng, Yi Dong, Jinlan Stefano, Giovanni Brandizzi, Federica Garavito, R. Michael Reid, Gavin E. Bruening, Merlin L. TI Limited Proteolysis via Millisecond Digestions in Protease-Modified Membranes SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID EXCHANGE-MASS-SPECTROMETRY; ELECTROSPRAY-IONIZATION; PEPTIDE SEPARATION; DISSOCIATION; TRYPSIN; CRYSTALLIZATION; IDENTIFICATION; REACTOR; PEPSIN; STATE AB Sequential adsorption of poly(styrene sulfonate) (PSS) and proteases in porous nylon yields enzymatic membrane reactors for limited protein digestion. Although a high local enzyme density (similar to 30 mg/cm(3)) and small pore diameters in the membrane lead to digestion in <1 s, the low membrane thickness (170 mu m) affords control over residence times at the millisecond level to limit digestion. Apomyoglobin digestion demonstrates that peptide lengths increase as the residence time in the membrane decreases. Moreover, electron transfer dissociation (ETD) tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) on a large myoglobin proteolytic peptide (8 kDa) provides a resolution of 1-2 amino acids. Under denaturing conditions, limited membrane digestion of bovine serum albumin (BSA) and subsequent ESI-Orbitrap MS analysis reveal large peptides (3-10 kDa) that increase the sequence coverage from 53% (2 s digestion) to 82% (0.05 s digestion). With this approach, we also performed membrane-based limited proteolysis of a large Arabidopsis GTPase, Root Hair Defective 3 (RHD3) and showed suitable probing for labile regions near the C-terminus to suggest what protein reconstruction might make RHD3 more suitable for crystallization. C1 [Tan, Yu-Jing; Wang, Wei-Han; Dong, Jinlan; Reid, Gavin E.; Bruening, Merlin L.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Chem, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Zheng, Yi; Garavito, R. Michael; Reid, Gavin E.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Stefano, Giovanni; Brandizzi, Federica] Michigan State Univ, MSU DOE Plant Res Lab, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. RP Bruening, ML (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Dept Chem, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. EM bruening@chemistry.msu.edu RI Wang, Weihan/A-9265-2011; Izatt, Reed/F-3284-2014; zheng, yi/G-1917-2016; STEFANO, GIOVANNI/A-8264-2011; Dong, Jinlan /L-9939-2016; OI Wang, Weihan/0000-0001-6109-1645; Izatt, Reed/0000-0003-0943-5097; zheng, yi/0000-0002-4871-0779; STEFANO, GIOVANNI/0000-0002-2744-0052; Dong, Jinlan /0000-0003-2101-3647; Reid, Gavin/0000-0002-9675-1444 FU U.S. National Institutes of Health [GM 080511]; Chemical Sciences, Geosciences and Biosciences Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Office of Science, U.S. Department of Energy [DE-FG02-91ER20021]; National Science Foundation [0948584]; MSU-REF Center Program [REF03-016] FX We are grateful to the U.S. National Institutes of Health (Grant GM 080511 to M.L.B.), the Chemical Sciences, Geosciences and Biosciences Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Office of Science, U.S. Department of Energy (Award Number DE-FG02-91ER20021 to F.B.), the National Science Foundation (MCB Grant 0948584 to F.B.), and the MSU-REF Center Program (Grant REF03-016, R.M.G) for funding portions of this work. NR 38 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 47 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0003-2700 J9 ANAL CHEM JI Anal. Chem. PD OCT 2 PY 2012 VL 84 IS 19 BP 8357 EP 8363 DI 10.1021/ac3019153 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA 016BV UT WOS:000309493200041 PM 22950601 ER PT J AU Nguyen, TD Fuentes-Cabrera, M Fowlkes, JD Diez, JA Gonzalez, AG Kondic, L Rack, PD AF Trung Dac Nguyen Fuentes-Cabrera, Miguel Fowlkes, Jason D. Diez, Javier A. Gonzalez, Alejandro G. Kondic, Lou Rack, Philip D. TI Competition between Collapse and Breakup in Nanometer-Sized Thin Rings Using Molecular Dynamics and Continuum Modeling SO LANGMUIR LA English DT Article ID POLYMER-FILMS; DEWETTING PATTERNS; METAL-FILMS; INSTABILITY; NANOPARTICLES; DEFECTS; FLUID AB We consider nanometer-sized fluid annuli (rings) deposited on a solid substrate and ask whether these rings break up into droplets due to the instability of Rayleigh-Plateau-type modified by the presence of the substrate, or collapse to a central drop due to the presence of azimuthal curvature. The analysis is carried out by a combination of atomistic molecular dynamics simulations and a continuum model based on a long-wave limit of Navier-Stokes equations. We find consistent results between the two approaches, and demonstrate characteristic dimension regimes which dictate the assembly dynamics. C1 [Fuentes-Cabrera, Miguel; Fowlkes, Jason D.; Rack, Philip D.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Nanophase Mat Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Trung Dac Nguyen] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Natl Ctr Computat Sci, Oak Ridge, TN USA. [Fuentes-Cabrera, Miguel] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Comp Sci & Math Div, Oak Ridge, TN USA. [Diez, Javier A.; Gonzalez, Alejandro G.] Univ Nacl Ctr Prov Buenos Aires, Inst Fis Arroyo Seco, Tandil, Argentina. [Kondic, Lou] New Jersey Inst Technol, Dept Math Sci, Newark, NJ 07102 USA. [Rack, Philip D.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RP Rack, PD (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Nanophase Mat Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM prack@utk.edu RI Fuentes-Cabrera, Miguel/Q-2437-2015; Nguyen, Trung/H-7008-2012; OI Fuentes-Cabrera, Miguel/0000-0001-7912-7079; Nguyen, Trung/0000-0002-5076-264X; Rack, Philip/0000-0002-9964-3254; Gonzalez, Alejandro G./0000-0002-4710-6414 FU Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC05-00OR22725]; NSF [DMS-0908158]; ANPCyT-Argentina [PICT 2498/06] FX T.D.N. acknowledges the support from the Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC05-00OR22725. This research used resources of the Oak Ridge Leadership Computing Facility at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory, which is supported by the Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC05-00OR22725. J.F., M.F.C., and P.R acknowledge support from the U.S. Department of Energy, Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Sciences and Engineering Division for supporting the molecular dynamics simulations and understanding the fundamental mechanisms operative during liquid phase, thin film assembly. L.K. acknowledges support by the NSF Grant No. DMS-0908158. J.A.D. and AGO. acknowledge CONICET-Argentina for travel support within the International Cooperation Program and ANPCyT-Argentina for support within the project PICT 2498/06. NR 49 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 30 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0743-7463 J9 LANGMUIR JI Langmuir PD OCT 2 PY 2012 VL 28 IS 39 BP 13960 EP 13967 DI 10.1021/la303093f PG 8 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA 015FF UT WOS:000309431100026 PM 22957759 ER PT J AU Snijders, PC Johnson, PS Guisinger, NP Erwin, SC Himpsel, FJ AF Snijders, P. C. Johnson, P. S. Guisinger, N. P. Erwin, S. C. Himpsel, F. J. TI Spectroscopic evidence for spin-polarized edge states in graphitic Si nanowires SO NEW JOURNAL OF PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID GRAPHENE NANORIBBONS; CHAINS; LIQUID; WAVE AB The step edges on the Si(553)-Au surface undergo a 1x3 reconstruction at low temperature which has recently been interpreted theoretically as the x3 ordering of spin-polarized silicon atoms at the edges of the graphitic Si nanowires on this vicinal surface. This predicted magnetic ground state has a clear spectroscopic signature-a silicon step-edge state at 0.5 eV above the Fermi level-that arises from strong exchange splitting and hence would not occur without spin polarization. Here we report spatially resolved scanning tunneling spectroscopy data for these nanowires. At low temperature we find an unoccupied state at 0.5 eV above every third ste-pedge silicon atom, in excellent agreement with the spin-polarized ground state predicted theoretically. This spin-polarized state survives up to room temperature where the position of the spins rapidly fluctuates among all Si step-edge sites. C1 [Snijders, P. C.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Oak Ridge, TN USA. [Johnson, P. S.; Himpsel, F. J.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Guisinger, N. P.] Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Nanoscale Mat, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Erwin, S. C.] USN, Res Lab, Ctr Computat Mat Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Snijders, PC (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Oak Ridge, TN USA. EM snijderspc@ornl.gov FU US Department of Energy, Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Sciences and Engineering Division; NSF [DMR-0705145]; Office of Naval Research; US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX Part of this research was supported by the US Department of Energy, Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Sciences and Engineering Division (PCS). FJH and PSJ acknowledge support by the NSF under Award No. DMR-0705145. Part of this work was supported by the Office of Naval Research (SCE). The DFT computations were performed at the DoD Major Shared Resource Centers at AFRL and ERDC. Use of the Center for Nanoscale Materials was supported by the US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. We thank H H Weitering for kindly providing the Si(553) wafer. NR 32 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 43 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1367-2630 J9 NEW J PHYS JI New J. Phys. PD OCT 2 PY 2012 VL 14 AR 103004 DI 10.1088/1367-2630/14/10/103004 PG 8 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 014SS UT WOS:000309396600001 ER PT J AU Cuenya, BR Ono, LK Croy, JR Paredis, K Kara, A Heinrich, H Zhao, J Alp, EE DelaRiva, AT Datye, A Stach, EA Keune, W AF Cuenya, B. Roldan Ono, L. K. Croy, J. R. Paredis, K. Kara, A. Heinrich, H. Zhao, J. Alp, E. E. DelaRiva, A. T. Datye, A. Stach, E. A. Keune, W. TI Size-dependent evolution of the atomic vibrational density of states and thermodynamic properties of isolated Fe nanoparticles SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID NUCLEAR RESONANT SCATTERING; ENHANCED SPECIFIC-HEAT; NANOCRYSTALLINE NI3FE; SYNCHROTRON-RADIATION; THERMAL-CONDUCTIVITY; DYNAMICS; PHONONS; PD; NANOSTRUCTURES; PRESSURE AB We have gained insight into the internal degree of atomic disorder in isolated size-selected Fe nanoparticles (NPs) (similar to 2-6 nm in size) supported on SiO2/Si(111) and Al2O3(0001) from precise measurements of the low-energy (low-E) part of the phonon density of states [PDOS, g(E)] via Fe-57 nuclear resonant inelastic x-ray scattering (NRIXS) combined with transmission electron microscopy (TEM) measurements. An intriguing size-dependent trendwas observed, namely, an increase of the low-E excess density of phonon states (as compared to the PDOS of bulk bcc Fe) with increasing NP size. This is unexpected, since usually the enhancement of the density of low-E phonon modes is attributed to low-coordinated atoms at the NP surface, whose relative content increases with decreasing NP size due to the increase in the surface-to-volume ratio. Our NPs are covered by a Ti-coating layer, which essentially restores the local neighborhood of surface Fe atoms towards bulk-like coordination, reducing the surface effect. Our data can be qualitatively explained by the existence of low-coordinated Fe atoms located at grain boundaries or other defects with structural disorder in the interior of the large NPs (similar to 3-6 nm), while our small NPs (similar to 2 nm) are single grain and, therefore, characterized by a higher degree of structural order. This conclusion is corroborated by the observation of Debye behavior at low energy [g(E) similar to E-n with n similar to 2] for the small NPs, but non-Debye behavior (with n similar to 1.4) for the large NPs. The PDOS was used to determine thermodynamic properties of the Fe NPs. Finally, our results demonstrate that, in combination with TEM, NRIXS is a suitable technique to investigate atomic disorder/defects in NPs. We anticipate that our findings are universal for similar NPs with bcc structure. C1 [Cuenya, B. Roldan; Ono, L. K.; Croy, J. R.; Paredis, K.; Kara, A.; Heinrich, H.] Univ Cent Florida, Dept Phys, Orlando, FL 32826 USA. [Zhao, J.; Alp, E. E.] Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [DelaRiva, A. T.; Datye, A.] Univ New Mexico, Dept Chem & Nucl Engn, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [Stach, E. A.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Ctr Funct Nanomat, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Keune, W.] Max Planck Inst Microstruct Phys, D-06120 Halle, Germany. [Keune, W.] Univ Duisburg Essen, Dept Phys, D-47048 Duisburg, Germany. RP Cuenya, BR (reprint author), Univ Cent Florida, Dept Phys, Orlando, FL 32826 USA. EM roldan@ucf.edu RI Stach, Eric/D-8545-2011; Roldan Cuenya, Beatriz/L-1874-2016; OI Stach, Eric/0000-0002-3366-2153; Roldan Cuenya, Beatriz/0000-0002-8025-307X; Datye, Abhaya/0000-0002-7126-8659 FU US National Science Foundation [DMR-0906562]; US Department of Energy [DEAC02-06CH11357, DE-AC0298CH10886]; DOE-EERE Office of Fuel Cell Technology FX W.K. appreciates stimulating discussions with J. Kirschner and M. Przybylski (both Halle), G. Bayreuther (Halle and Regensburg), and M. E. Gruner and P. Entel (both Duisburg-Essen). Financial support from the US National Science Foundation (DMR-0906562) is greatly appreciated. Use of the Advanced Photon Source facilities at Argonne National Laboratory and that of the electron microscopy facilities at the Center for Functional Nanomaterials at Brookhaven National Laboratory were supported by the US Department of Energy under Contracts DEAC02-06CH11357 and DE-AC0298CH10886, respectively. The research at the University of New Mexico was supported by the DOE-EERE Office of Fuel Cell Technology. NR 72 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 2 U2 32 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9950 EI 2469-9969 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD OCT 2 PY 2012 VL 86 IS 16 AR 165406 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.86.165406 PG 11 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 014OP UT WOS:000309385700006 ER PT J AU Guo, Y Liu, F Tang, AH AF Guo, Yao Liu, Feng Tang, Aihong TI Directed flow of transported and nontransported protons in Au plus Au collisions from an ultrarelativistic quantum molecular dynamics model SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID HEAVY-ION COLLISIONS; RELATIVISTIC NUCLEAR COLLISIONS; GEV AU+AU COLLISIONS; ANISOTROPIC FLOW; COLLECTIVE FLOW; SIGNATURE AB The directed flow of inclusive, transported and nontransported (including produced) protons, as well as antiprotons, has been studied in the framework of an ultrarelativistic quantum molecular dynamics approach for Au + Au collisions at root s(NN) = 7.7, 11.5, 19.6, 27, 39, 62.4 and 200 GeV. The rapidity, centrality, and energy dependence of directed flow for various proton groups are presented. It is found that the integrated directed flow decreases monotonically as a function of collision energy for root s(NN) = 11.5 GeV and beyond. However, the sign change of directed flow of inclusive protons, seen in experimental data as a function of centrality and collision energy, can be explained by the competing effect of directed flow between transported and nontransported protons. Similarly, the difference in directed flow between protons and antiprotons can be explained. Our study offers a conventional explanation on the cause of the v(1) sign change other than the antiflow component of protons alone, which is argued to be linked to a phase transition. C1 [Guo, Yao; Liu, Feng] Cent China Normal Univ, Inst Particle Phys, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, Peoples R China. [Guo, Yao; Liu, Feng] Cent China Normal Univ, Minist Educ, Key Lab Quark & Lepton Phys, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, Peoples R China. [Tang, Aihong] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Guo, Y (reprint author), Cent China Normal Univ, Inst Particle Phys, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, Peoples R China. EM fliu@iopp.ccnu.edu.cn FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [11075060, 11135011]; US Department of Energy [DE-AC02-98CH10886, DE-FG02-89ER40531] FX This work is supported in part by National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grants No. 11075060 and No. 11135011. A. Tang is supported by the US Department of Energy under Grants No. DE-AC02-98CH10886 and No. DE-FG02-89ER40531. We wish to thank G. Wang, D. Keane, and J. Y. Chen for their valuable comments and suggestions. We thank R. Debbe for English corrections. NR 25 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD OCT 2 PY 2012 VL 86 IS 4 AR 044901 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.86.044901 PG 4 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 014OS UT WOS:000309386000002 ER PT J AU Abazov, VM Abbott, B Acharya, BS Adams, M Adams, T Alexeev, GD Alkhazov, G Alton, A Alverson, G Aoki, M Askew, A Atkins, S Augsten, K Avila, C Badaud, F Bagby, L Baldin, B Bandurin, DV Banerjee, S Barberis, E Baringer, P Barreto, J Bartlett, JF Bassler, U Bazterra, V Bean, A Begalli, M Bellantoni, L Beri, SB Bernardi, G Bernhard, R Bertram, I Besancon, M Beuselinck, R Bezzubov, VA Bhat, PC Bhatia, S Bhatnagar, V Blazey, G Blessing, S Bloom, K Boehnlein, A Boline, D Boos, EE Borissov, G Bose, T Brandt, A Brandt, O Brock, R Brooijmans, G Bross, A Brown, D Brown, J Bu, XB Buehler, M Buescher, V Bunichev, V Burdin, S Buszello, CP Camacho-Perez, E Casey, BCK Castilla-Valdez, H Caughron, S Chakrabarti, S Chakraborty, D Chan, KM Chandra, A Chapon, E Chen, G Chevalier-Thery, S Cho, DK Cho, SW Choi, S Choudhary, B Cihangir, S Claes, D Clutter, J Cooke, M Cooper, WE Corcoran, M Couderc, F Cousinou, MC Croc, A Cutts, D Das, A Davies, G de Jong, SJ De La Cruz-Burelo, E Deliot, F Demina, R Denisov, D Denisov, SP Desai, S Deterre, C DeVaughan, K Diehl, HT Diesburg, M Ding, PF Dominguez, A Dubey, A Dudko, LV Duggan, D Duperrin, A Dutt, S Dyshkant, A Eads, M Edmunds, D Ellison, J Elvira, VD Enari, Y Evans, H Evdokimov, A Evdokimov, VN Facini, G Feng, L Ferbel, T Fiedler, F Filthaut, F Fisher, W Fisk, HE Fortner, M Fox, H Fuess, S Garcia-Bellido, A Garcia-Gonzalez, JA Garcia-Guerra, GA Gavrilov, V Gay, P Geng, W Gerbaudo, D Gerber, CE Gershtein, Y Ginther, G Golovanov, G Goussiou, A Grannis, PD Greder, S Greenlee, H Grenier, G Gris, P Grivaz, JF Grohsjean, A Grunendahl, S Grunewald, MW Guillemin, T Gutierrez, G Gutierrez, P Haas, A Hagopian, S Haley, J Han, L Harder, K Harel, A Hauptman, JM Hays, J Head, T Hebbeker, T Hedin, D Hegab, H Heinson, AP Heintz, U Hensel, C Heredia-De La Cruz, I Herner, K Hesketh, G Hildreth, MD Hirosky, R Hoang, T Hobbs, JD Hoeneisen, B Hohlfeld, M Howley, I Hubacek, Z Hynek, V Iashvili, I Ilchenko, Y Illingworth, R Ito, AS Jabeen, S Jaffre, M Jayasinghe, A Jesik, R Johns, K Johnson, E Johnson, M Jonckheere, A Jonsson, P Joshi, J Jung, AW Juste, A Kaadze, K Kajfasz, E Karmanov, D Kasper, PA Katsanos, I Kehoe, R Kermiche, S Khalatyan, N Khanov, A Kharchilava, A Kharzheev, YN Kiselevich, I Kohli, JM Kozelov, AV Kraus, J Kulikov, S Kumar, A Kupco, A Kurca, T Kuzmin, VA Lammers, S Landsberg, G Lebrun, P Lee, HS Lee, SW Lee, WM Lellouch, J Li, H Li, L Li, QZ Lim, JK Lincoln, D Linnemann, J Lipaev, VV Lipton, R Liu, H Liu, Y Lobodenko, A Lokajicek, M de Sa, RL Lubatti, HJ Luna-Garcia, R Lyon, AL Maciel, AKA Madar, R Magana-Villalba, R Malik, S Malyshev, VL Maravin, Y Martinez-Ortega, J McCarthy, R McGivern, CL Meijer, MM Melnitchouk, A Menezes, D Mercadante, PG Merkin, M Meyer, A Meyer, J Miconi, F Mondal, NK Mulhearn, M Nagy, E Naimuddin, M Narain, M Nayyar, R Neal, HA Negret, JP Neustroev, P Nunnemann, T Obrant, G Orduna, J Osman, N Osta, J Padilla, M Pal, A Parashar, N Parihar, V Park, SK Partridge, R Parua, N Patwa, A Penning, B Perfilov, M Peters, Y Petridis, K Petrillo, G Petroff, P Pleier, MA Podesta-Lerma, PLM Podstavkov, VM Popov, AV Prewitt, M Price, D Prokopenko, N Qian, J Quadt, A Quinn, B Rangel, MS Ranjan, K Ratoff, PN Razumov, I Renkel, P Ripp-Baudot, I Rizatdinova, F Rominsky, M Ross, A Royon, C Rubinov, P Ruchti, R Sajot, G Salcido, P Sanchez-Hernandez, A Sanders, MP Sanghi, B Santos, AS Savage, G Sawyer, L Scanlon, T Schamberger, RD Scheglov, Y Schellman, H Schlobohm, S Schwanenberger, C Schwienhorst, R Sekaric, J Severini, H Shabalina, E Shary, V Shaw, S Shchukin, AA Shivpuri, RK Simak, V Skubic, P Slattery, P Smirnov, D Smith, KJ Snow, GR Snow, J Snyder, S Soldner-Rembold, S Sonnenschein, L Soustruznik, K Stark, J Stoyanova, DA Strauss, M Stutte, L Suter, L Svoisky, P Takahashi, M Titov, M Tokmenin, VV Tsai, YT Tschann-Grimm, K Tsybychev, D Tuchming, B Tully, C Uvarov, L Uvarov, S Uzunyan, S Van Kooten, R van Leeuwen, WM Varelas, N Varnes, EW Vasilyev, IA Verdier, P Verkheev, AY Vertogradov, LS Verzocchi, M Vesterinen, M Vilanova, D Vokac, P Wahl, HD Wang, MHLS Warchol, J Watts, G Wayne, M Weichert, J Welty-Rieger, L White, A Wicke, D Williams, MRJ Wilson, A Wilson, GW Wobisch, M Wood, DR Wyatt, TR Xie, Y Yamada, R Yang, WC Yasuda, T Yatsunenko, YA Ye, W Ye, Z Yin, H Yip, K Youn, SW Zennamo, J Zhao, T Zhao, TG Zhou, B Zhu, J Zielinski, M Zieminska, D Zivkovic, L AF Abazov, V. M. Abbott, B. Acharya, B. S. Adams, M. Adams, T. Alexeev, G. D. Alkhazov, G. Alton, A. Alverson, G. Aoki, M. Askew, A. Atkins, S. Augsten, K. Avila, C. Badaud, F. Bagby, L. Baldin, B. Bandurin, D. V. Banerjee, S. Barberis, E. Baringer, P. Barreto, J. Bartlett, J. F. Bassler, U. Bazterra, V. Bean, A. Begalli, M. Bellantoni, L. Beri, S. B. Bernardi, G. Bernhard, R. Bertram, I. Besancon, M. Beuselinck, R. Bezzubov, V. A. Bhat, P. C. Bhatia, S. Bhatnagar, V. Blazey, G. Blessing, S. Bloom, K. Boehnlein, A. Boline, D. Boos, E. E. Borissov, G. Bose, T. Brandt, A. Brandt, O. Brock, R. Brooijmans, G. Bross, A. Brown, D. Brown, J. Bu, X. B. Buehler, M. Buescher, V. Bunichev, V. Burdin, S. Buszello, C. P. Camacho-Perez, E. Casey, B. C. K. Castilla-Valdez, H. Caughron, S. Chakrabarti, S. Chakraborty, D. Chan, K. M. Chandra, A. Chapon, E. Chen, G. Chevalier-Thery, S. Cho, D. K. Cho, S. W. Choi, S. Choudhary, B. Cihangir, S. Claes, D. Clutter, J. Cooke, M. Cooper, W. E. Corcoran, M. Couderc, F. Cousinou, M. -C. Croc, A. Cutts, D. Das, A. Davies, G. de Jong, S. J. De La Cruz-Burelo, E. Deliot, F. Demina, R. Denisov, D. Denisov, S. P. Desai, S. Deterre, C. DeVaughan, K. Diehl, H. T. Diesburg, M. Ding, P. F. Dominguez, A. Dubey, A. Dudko, L. V. Duggan, D. Duperrin, A. Dutt, S. Dyshkant, A. Eads, M. Edmunds, D. Ellison, J. Elvira, V. D. Enari, Y. Evans, H. Evdokimov, A. Evdokimov, V. N. Facini, G. Feng, L. Ferbel, T. Fiedler, F. Filthaut, F. Fisher, W. Fisk, H. E. Fortner, M. Fox, H. Fuess, S. Garcia-Bellido, A. Garcia-Gonzalez, J. A. Garcia-Guerra, G. A. Gavrilov, V. Gay, P. Geng, W. Gerbaudo, D. Gerber, C. E. Gershtein, Y. Ginther, G. Golovanov, G. Goussiou, A. Grannis, P. D. Greder, S. Greenlee, H. Grenier, G. Gris, Ph. Grivaz, J. -F. Grohsjean, A. Gruenendahl, S. Gruenewald, M. W. Guillemin, T. Gutierrez, G. Gutierrez, P. Haas, A. Hagopian, S. Haley, J. Han, L. Harder, K. Harel, A. Hauptman, J. M. Hays, J. Head, T. Hebbeker, T. Hedin, D. Hegab, H. Heinson, A. P. Heintz, U. Hensel, C. Heredia-De La Cruz, I. Herner, K. Hesketh, G. Hildreth, M. D. Hirosky, R. Hoang, T. Hobbs, J. D. Hoeneisen, B. Hohlfeld, M. Howley, I. Hubacek, Z. Hynek, V. Iashvili, I. Ilchenko, Y. Illingworth, R. Ito, A. S. Jabeen, S. Jaffre, M. Jayasinghe, A. Jesik, R. Johns, K. Johnson, E. Johnson, M. Jonckheere, A. Jonsson, P. Joshi, J. Jung, A. W. Juste, A. Kaadze, K. Kajfasz, E. Karmanov, D. Kasper, P. A. Katsanos, I. Kehoe, R. Kermiche, S. Khalatyan, N. Khanov, A. Kharchilava, A. Kharzheev, Y. N. Kiselevich, I. Kohli, J. M. Kozelov, A. V. Kraus, J. Kulikov, S. Kumar, A. Kupco, A. Kurca, T. Kuzmin, V. A. Lammers, S. Landsberg, G. Lebrun, P. Lee, H. S. Lee, S. W. Lee, W. M. Lellouch, J. Li, H. Li, L. Li, Q. Z. Lim, J. K. Lincoln, D. Linnemann, J. Lipaev, V. V. Lipton, R. Liu, H. Liu, Y. Lobodenko, A. Lokajicek, M. de Sa, R. Lopes Lubatti, H. J. Luna-Garcia, R. Lyon, A. L. Maciel, A. K. A. Madar, R. Magana-Villalba, R. Malik, S. Malyshev, V. L. Maravin, Y. Martinez-Ortega, J. McCarthy, R. McGivern, C. L. Meijer, M. M. Melnitchouk, A. Menezes, D. Mercadante, P. G. Merkin, M. Meyer, A. Meyer, J. Miconi, F. Mondal, N. K. Mulhearn, M. Nagy, E. Naimuddin, M. Narain, M. Nayyar, R. Neal, H. A. Negret, J. P. Neustroev, P. Nunnemann, T. Obrant, G. Orduna, J. Osman, N. Osta, J. Padilla, M. Pal, A. Parashar, N. Parihar, V. Park, S. K. Partridge, R. Parua, N. Patwa, A. Penning, B. Perfilov, M. Peters, Y. Petridis, K. Petrillo, G. Petroff, P. Pleier, M. -A. Podesta-Lerma, P. L. M. Podstavkov, V. M. Popov, A. V. Prewitt, M. Price, D. Prokopenko, N. Qian, J. Quadt, A. Quinn, B. Rangel, M. S. Ranjan, K. Ratoff, P. N. Razumov, I. Renkel, P. Ripp-Baudot, I. Rizatdinova, F. Rominsky, M. Ross, A. Royon, C. Rubinov, P. Ruchti, R. Sajot, G. Salcido, P. Sanchez-Hernandez, A. Sanders, M. P. Sanghi, B. Santos, A. S. Savage, G. Sawyer, L. Scanlon, T. Schamberger, R. D. Scheglov, Y. Schellman, H. Schlobohm, S. Schwanenberger, C. Schwienhorst, R. Sekaric, J. Severini, H. Shabalina, E. Shary, V. Shaw, S. Shchukin, A. A. Shivpuri, R. K. Simak, V. Skubic, P. Slattery, P. Smirnov, D. Smith, K. J. Snow, G. R. Snow, J. Snyder, S. Soeldner-Rembold, S. Sonnenschein, L. Soustruznik, K. Stark, J. Stoyanova, D. A. Strauss, M. Stutte, L. Suter, L. Svoisky, P. Takahashi, M. Titov, M. Tokmenin, V. V. Tsai, Y. -T. Tschann-Grimm, K. Tsybychev, D. Tuchming, B. Tully, C. Uvarov, L. Uvarov, S. Uzunyan, S. Van Kooten, R. van Leeuwen, W. M. Varelas, N. Varnes, E. W. Vasilyev, I. A. Verdier, P. Verkheev, A. Y. Vertogradov, L. S. Verzocchi, M. Vesterinen, M. Vilanova, D. Vokac, P. Wahl, H. D. Wang, M. H. L. S. Warchol, J. Watts, G. Wayne, M. Weichert, J. Welty-Rieger, L. White, A. Wicke, D. Williams, M. R. J. Wilson, A. Wilson, G. W. Wobisch, M. Wood, D. R. Wyatt, T. R. Xie, Y. Yamada, R. Yang, W. -C. Yasuda, T. Yatsunenko, Y. A. Ye, W. Ye, Z. Yin, H. Yip, K. Youn, S. W. Zennamo, J. Zhao, T. Zhao, T. G. Zhou, B. Zhu, J. Zielinski, M. Zieminska, D. Zivkovic, L. CA D0 Collaboration TI Search for Z gamma events with large missing transverse energy in p(p)over-bar collisions at root s = 1.96 TeV SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID DYNAMICAL SUPERSYMMETRY BREAKING; ROOT-S=1.96 TEV; QCD CORRECTIONS; PAIR PRODUCTION; MOMENTUM; DETECTOR AB We present the first search for new phenomena in Z gamma final states with large missing transverse energy using data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 6.2 fb(-1) collected with the D0 experiment in p (p) over bar collisions at root s 1.96 TeV. This signature is predicted in gauge-mediated supersymmetry-breaking models, where the lightest neutralino (chi) over tilde (0)(1) is the next-to-lightest supersymmetric particle and is produced in pairs, possibly through decay from heavier supersymmetric particles. The (chi) over tilde (0)(1) can decay either to a Z boson or a photon and an associated gravitino that escapes detection. 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F.; Harder, K.; Head, T.; Hesketh, G.; Peters, Y.; Petridis, K.; Schwanenberger, C.; Soeldner-Rembold, S.; Suter, L.; Takahashi, M.; Vesterinen, M.; Wyatt, T. R.; Yang, W. -C.; Zhao, T. G.] Univ Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England. [Das, A.; Johns, K.; Nayyar, R.; Varnes, E. W.] Univ Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Ellison, J.; Heinson, A. P.; Joshi, J.; Li, L.; Padilla, M.] Univ Calif Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Adams, T.; Askew, A.; Bandurin, D. V.; Blessing, S.; Hagopian, S.; Hoang, T.; Wahl, H. D.] Florida State Univ, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. [Aoki, M.; Bagby, L.; Baldin, B.; Bartlett, J. F.; Bellantoni, L.; Bhat, P. C.; Boehnlein, A.; Bross, A.; Bu, X. B.; Buehler, M.; Casey, B. C. K.; Cihangir, S.; Cooke, M.; Cooper, W. E.; Denisov, D.; Desai, S.; Diehl, H. T.; Diesburg, M.; Elvira, V. D.; Fisk, H. E.; Fuess, S.; Ginther, G.; Greenlee, H.; Gruenendahl, S.; Gutierrez, G.; Illingworth, R.; Ito, A. S.; Johnson, M.; Jonckheere, A.; Jung, A. W.; Kasper, P. A.; Khalatyan, N.; Lee, W. M.; Li, Q. Z.; Lincoln, D.; Lipton, R.; Lyon, A. L.; Penning, B.; Podstavkov, V. M.; Rominsky, M.; Rubinov, P.; Sanghi, B.; Savage, G.; Stutte, L.; Verzocchi, M.; Wang, M. H. L. S.; Xie, Y.; Yamada, R.; Yasuda, T.; Ye, Z.; Yin, H.; Youn, S. W.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. [Adams, M.; Bazterra, V.; Gerber, C. E.; Varelas, N.] Univ Illinois, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. [Blazey, G.; Chakraborty, D.; Dyshkant, A.; Feng, L.; Fortner, M.; Hedin, D.; Menezes, D.; Salcido, P.; Uzunyan, S.] No Illinois Univ, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA. [Schellman, H.; Welty-Rieger, L.] Northwestern Univ, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. [Evans, H.; Lammers, S.; Parua, N.; Price, D.; Van Kooten, R.; Zieminska, D.] Indiana Univ, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. [Parashar, N.] Purdue Univ Calumet, Hammond, IN 46323 USA. [Chan, K. M.; Hildreth, M. D.; Osta, J.; Ruchti, R.; Smirnov, D.; Warchol, J.; Wayne, M.] Univ Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. [Hauptman, J. M.; Lee, S. W.] Iowa State Univ, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Baringer, P.; Bean, A.; Chen, G.; Clutter, J.; McGivern, C. L.; Sekaric, J.; Wilson, G. W.] Univ Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. [Kaadze, K.; Maravin, Y.] Kansas State Univ, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Atkins, S.; Sawyer, L.; Wobisch, M.] Louisiana Tech Univ, Ruston, LA 71272 USA. [Bose, T.] Boston Univ, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Alverson, G.; Barberis, E.; Facini, G.; Haley, J.; Wood, D. R.] Northeastern Univ, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Alton, A.; Herner, K.; Neal, H. A.; Qian, J.; Wilson, A.; Zhou, B.; Zhu, J.] Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Brock, R.; Caughron, S.; Edmunds, D.; Fisher, W.; Geng, W.; Johnson, E.; Linnemann, J.; Schwienhorst, R.; Shaw, S.] Michigan State Univ, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Bhatia, S.; Kraus, J.; Melnitchouk, A.; Quinn, B.] Univ Mississippi, University, MS 38677 USA. [Bloom, K.; Claes, D.; DeVaughan, K.; Dominguez, A.; Eads, M.; Katsanos, I.; Malik, S.; Snow, G. R.] Univ Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA. [Duggan, D.; Gershtein, Y.] Rutgers State Univ, Piscataway, NJ 08855 USA. [Gerbaudo, D.; Tully, C.] Princeton Univ, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Iashvili, I.; Kharchilava, A.; Kumar, A.; Smith, K. J.; Zennamo, J.] SUNY Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. [Brooijmans, G.; Haas, A.] Columbia Univ, New York, NY 10027 USA. [Demina, R.; Ferbel, T.; Garcia-Bellido, A.; Ginther, G.; Harel, A.; Petrillo, G.; Slattery, P.; Tsai, Y. -T.; Zielinski, M.] Univ Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. [Boline, D.; Chakrabarti, S.; Grannis, P. D.; Hobbs, J. D.; de Sa, R. Lopes; McCarthy, R.; Schamberger, R. D.; Tschann-Grimm, K.; Tsybychev, D.; Ye, W.] SUNY Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. [Evdokimov, A.; Patwa, A.; Pleier, M. -A.; Snyder, S.; Yip, K.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Snow, J.] Langston Univ, Langston, OK 73050 USA. [Abbott, B.; Gutierrez, P.; Jayasinghe, A.; Severini, H.; Skubic, P.; Strauss, M.; Svoisky, P.] Univ Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019 USA. [Hegab, H.; Khanov, A.; Rizatdinova, F.] Oklahoma State Univ, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. [Cho, D. K.; Cutts, D.; Heintz, U.; Jabeen, S.; Landsberg, G.; Narain, M.; Parihar, V.; Partridge, R.; Zivkovic, L.] Brown Univ, Providence, RI 02912 USA. [Brandt, A.; Howley, I.; Pal, A.; White, A.] Univ Texas Arlington, Arlington, TX 76019 USA. [Ilchenko, Y.; Kehoe, R.; Liu, H.; Renkel, P.] So Methodist Univ, Dallas, TX 75275 USA. [Chandra, A.; Corcoran, M.; Orduna, J.; Prewitt, M.] Rice Univ, Houston, TX 77005 USA. [Hirosky, R.; Mulhearn, M.] Univ Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22901 USA. [Goussiou, A.; Lubatti, H. J.; Schlobohm, S.; Watts, G.; Zhao, T.] Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Abazov, VM (reprint author), Joint Inst Nucl Res, Dubna, Russia. RI Merkin, Mikhail/D-6809-2012; Gerbaudo, Davide/J-4536-2012; Li, Liang/O-1107-2015; Kupco, Alexander/G-9713-2014; Dudko, Lev/D-7127-2012; Santos, Angelo/K-5552-2012; Gutierrez, Phillip/C-1161-2011; Mercadante, Pedro/K-1918-2012; De La Cruz Burelo, Eduard/B-9802-2013; Yip, Kin/D-6860-2013; Fisher, Wade/N-4491-2013; Deliot, Frederic/F-3321-2014; Sharyy, Viatcheslav/F-9057-2014; Max, Mad/E-5238-2010; Lokajicek, Milos/G-7800-2014; Kozelov, Alexander/J-3812-2014 OI Gerbaudo, Davide/0000-0002-4463-0878; Li, Liang/0000-0001-6411-6107; Dudko, Lev/0000-0002-4462-3192; De La Cruz Burelo, Eduard/0000-0002-7469-6974; Yip, Kin/0000-0002-8576-4311; Sharyy, Viatcheslav/0000-0002-7161-2616; Max, Mad/0000-0001-6966-6829; FU DOE; NSF (USA); CEA; CNRS/IN2P3 (France); MON; Rosatom and RFBR (Russia); CNPq; FAPERJ; FAPESP; FUNDUNESP (Brazil); DAE; DST (India); Colciencias (Colombia); CONACyT (Mexico); NRF (Korea); FOM (Netherlands); STFC; Royal Society (United Kingdom); MSMT; GACR (Czech Republic); BMBF; DFG (Germany); SFI (Ireland); Swedish Research Council (Sweden); CAS; CNSF (China) FX We thank the staffs at Fermilab and collaborating institutions, and acknowledge support from the DOE and NSF (USA); CEA and CNRS/IN2P3 (France); MON, Rosatom and RFBR (Russia); CNPq, FAPERJ, FAPESP and FUNDUNESP (Brazil); DAE and DST (India); Colciencias (Colombia); CONACyT (Mexico); NRF (Korea); FOM (Netherlands); STFC and the Royal Society (United Kingdom); MSMT and GACR (Czech Republic); BMBF and DFG (Germany); SFI (Ireland); The Swedish Research Council (Sweden); and CAS and CNSF (China). NR 35 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1550-7998 EI 1550-2368 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD OCT 2 PY 2012 VL 86 IS 7 AR 071701 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.86.071701 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 014OW UT WOS:000309386400001 ER PT J AU Liu, XH Mantry, S Petriello, F AF Liu, Xiaohui Mantry, Sonny Petriello, Frank TI Gauge-boson production with multiple jets near threshold SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID CROSS-SECTIONS; RESUMMATION; AMPLITUDES; GLUON AB Signatures of new physics beyond the Standard Model are often characterized by large missing transverse energy (is not an element of(T)) produced in association with multiple jets. The dominant Standard Model background to such processes comes from gauge-boson production in association with jets. A standard search strategy involves looking for an excess in the m(eff) distribution, where m(eff) = is not an element of(T) + Sigma(J)p(J)(T) and p(J)(T) denotes the transverse momentum of the Jth jet. The region of large m(eff) is dominated by jet production near threshold, giving rise to large Sudakov logarithms that can change the magnitude and shape of the m(eff) distribution. We present an effective theory framework for the resummation of such threshold logarithms. We perform an analysis for exclusive jet production using the N-jettiness global event shape, which allows theoretical control to also be maintained over large logarithms induced by vetoing additional jets. As a first step, we give explicit numerical results with next-to-leading-log resummation for pp -> gamma + 2 jets in the large m(eff) region. C1 [Liu, Xiaohui] Northwestern Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div High Energy Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Liu, XH (reprint author), Northwestern Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. OI liu, xiaohui/0000-0002-7701-1205 FU U.S. Department of Energy; Division of High Energy Physics [DE-AC02-06CH11357, DE-FG02-95ER40896, DE-FG02-08ER4153]; U.S. National Science Foundation [NSF-PHY-0705682] FX We thank T. LeCompte, R. Kelley, and M. Schwartz for useful discussions. This work is supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Division of High Energy Physics, under Award No. DE-AC02-06CH11357 and the Awards No. DE-FG02-95ER40896 and No. DE-FG02-08ER4153, and by the U.S. National Science Foundation under Grant No. NSF-PHY-0705682. NR 36 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD OCT 2 PY 2012 VL 86 IS 7 AR 074004 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.86.074004 PG 15 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 014OW UT WOS:000309386400004 ER PT J AU Nomura, Y AF Nomura, Yasunori TI Static quantum multiverse SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID BLACK-HOLE COMPLEMENTARITY; ETERNAL INFLATION; UNIVERSE; PRINCIPLE AB We consider the multiverse in the intrinsically quantum mechanical framework recently proposed in Refs. [3,4]. By requiring that the principles of quantum mechanics are universally valid and that physical predictions do not depend on the reference frame one chooses to describe the multiverse, we find that the multiverse state must be static-in particular, the multiverse does not have a beginning or end. We argue that, despite its naive appearance, this does not contradict observation, including the fact that we observe that time flows in a definite direction. Selecting the multiverse state ultimately boils down to finding normalizable solutions to certain zero-eigenvalue equations, analogous to the case of the hydrogen atom. Unambiguous physical predictions would then follow, according to the rules of quantum mechanics. C1 [Nomura, Yasunori] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley Ctr Theoret Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Nomura, Yasunori] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Theoret Phys Grp, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Nomura, Y (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley Ctr Theoret Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. OI Nomura, Yasunori/0000-0002-1497-1479 FU Director, Office of Science, Office of High Energy and Nuclear Physics, of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; National Science Foundation [PHY-0855653] FX I would like to thank Alan Guth and Grant Larsen for useful conversations. This work was supported in part by the Director, Office of Science, Office of High Energy and Nuclear Physics, of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231, and in part by the National Science Foundation under Grant No. PHY-0855653. NR 37 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD OCT 2 PY 2012 VL 86 IS 8 AR 083505 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.86.083505 PG 15 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 014PA UT WOS:000309386800002 ER PT J AU Chatrchyan, S Khachatryan, V Sirunyan, AM Tumasyan, A Adam, W Aguilo, E Bergauer, T Dragicevic, M Ero, J Fabjan, C Friedl, M Fruhwirth, R Ghete, VM Hammer, J Hormann, N Hrubec, J Jeitler, M Kiesenhofer, W Knunz, V Krammer, M Liko, D Mikulec, I Pernicka, M Rahbaran, B Rohringer, C Rohringer, H Schofbeck, R Strauss, J Taurok, A Waltenberger, W Walzel, G Widl, E Wulz, CE Mossolov, V Shumeiko, N Gonzalez, JS Bansal, S Cornelis, T De Wolf, EA Janssen, X Luyckx, S Mucibello, L Ochesanu, S Roland, B Rougny, R Selvaggi, M Staykova, Z Van Haevermaet, H Van Mechelen, P Van Remortel, N Van Spilbeeck, A Blekman, F Blyweert, S D'Hondt, J Suarez, RG Kalogeropoulos, A Maes, M Olbrechts, A Van Doninck, W Van Mulders, P Van Onsem, GP Villella, I Clerbaux, B De Lentdecker, G Dero, V Gay, APR 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CA CMS Collaboration TI Search for a W ' or Techni-rho Decaying into WZ in pp Collisions at root s=7 TeV SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SYMMETRY-BREAKING; ATLAS DETECTOR; LEPTON; LHC AB A search is performed in pp collisions at root s 7 TeV for exotic particles decaying via WZ to final states with electrons and muons. The data sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of approximately 5 fb(-1). No significant excess is observed in the data above the expected standard model background. Upper bounds at 95% confidence level are set on the production cross section of the W' boson described by the sequential standard model and on the W' WZ coupling. W' bosons with masses below 1143 GeV are excluded. Limits are also set in the context of low-scale technicolor models, under a range of assumptions concerning the model parameters. C1 [Chatrchyan, S.; Khachatryan, V.; Sirunyan, A. M.; Tumasyan, A.] Yerevan Phys Inst, Yerevan 375036, Armenia. 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L.; Odoricia, F.; Perrottaa, A.; Primaveraa, F.; Rossia, A. M.; Rovellia, T.; Sirolia, G.; Travaglinia, R.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bologna, I-40126 Bologna, Italy. [Bonacorsi, D.; Braibant-Giacomelli, S.; Brigliadori, L.; Capiluppi, P.; Castro, A.; Cuffiani, M.; Fanfania, A.; Fasanella, D.; Guiduccia, L.; Meneghelli, M.; Navarriaa, F. L.; Primaveraa, F.; Rossia, A. M.; Rovellia, T.; Sirolia, G.; Travaglinia, R.] Univ Bologna, Bologna, Italy. [Albergoa, S.; Cappelloa, G.; Chiorbolia, M.; Costaa, S.; Potenzaa, R.; Tricomia, A.; Tuvea, C.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Catania, I-95129 Catania, Italy. [Albergoa, S.; Cappelloa, G.; Chiorbolia, M.; Costaa, S.; Potenzaa, R.; Tricomia, A.; Tuvea, C.] Univ Catania, Catania, Italy. [Barbaglia, G.; Ciullia, V.; Civininia, C.; D'Alessandroa, R.; Focardia, E.; Frosalia, S.; Galloa, E.; Gonzia, S.; Meschinia, M.; Paolettia, S.; Sguazzonia, G.; Tropiano, A.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Firenze, I-50125 Florence, Italy. [Ciullia, V.; D'Alessandroa, R.; Focardia, E.; Frosalia, S.; Gonzia, S.; Sguazzonia, G.] Univ Florence, Florence, Italy. [Benussi, L.; Bianco, S.; Colafranceschi, S.; Fabbri, F.; Piccolo, D.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy. [Fabbricatore, P.; Musenich, R.; Tosi, S.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Genova, I-16146 Genoa, Italy. [Benaglia, A.; De Guioa, F.; Di Matteo, L.; Fiorendia, S.; Gennai, S.; Ghezzia, A.; Malvezzia, S.; Manzonia, R. A.; Martellia, A.; Massironi, A.; Menascea, D.; Moronia, L.; Paganonia, M.; Pedrinia, D.; Ragazzia, S.; Redaellia, N.; Salaa, S.; de Fatisa, T. Tabarelli] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Milano Bicocca, I-20133 Milan, Italy. [Benaglia, A.; De Guioa, F.; Di Matteo, L.; Fiorendia, S.; Ghezzia, A.; Manzonia, R. A.; Martellia, A.; Massironi, A.; Paganonia, M.; Ragazzia, S.; de Fatisa, T. Tabarelli] Univ Milano Bicocca, Milan, Italy. [Buontempoa, S.; Montoya, C. A. Carrillo; Cavallo, N.; De Cosa, A.; Doganguna, O.; Fabozzi, F.; Iorioa, A. O. M.; Listaa, L.; Meola, S.; Merolaa, M.; Paolucci, P.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Napoli, I-80125 Naples, Italy. [De Cosa, A.; Doganguna, O.; Merolaa, M.] Univ Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy. [Azzia, P.; Bacchetta, N.; Bellana, P.; Biselloa, D.; Brancaa, A.; Carlina, R.; Checchiaa, P.; Dorigoa, T.; Dossellia, U.; Gasparinia, F.; Gasparini, U.; Gozzelino, A.; Kanishchev, K.; Lacaprara, S.; Lazzizzera, I.; Margoni, M.; Meneguzzo, A. T.; Nespolo, M.; Pazzinia, J.; Ronchesea, P.; Simonettoa, F.; Torassaa, E.; Vaninia, S.; Zottoa, P.; Zumerlea, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Padova, Padua, Italy. [Bellana, P.; Biselloa, D.; Carlina, R.; Gasparinia, F.; Gasparini, U.; Margoni, M.; Meneguzzo, A. T.; Ronchesea, P.; Simonettoa, F.; Vaninia, S.; Zottoa, P.; Zumerlea, G.] Univ Padua, Padua, Italy. [Kanishchev, K.; Lazzizzera, I.] Univ Trento, Trento, Italy. [Gabusia, M.; Rattia, S. P.; Riccardia, C.; Torrea, P.; Vituloa, P.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pavia, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. [Gabusia, M.; Rattia, S. P.; Riccardia, C.; Torrea, P.; Vituloa, P.] Univ Pavia, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. [Biasinia, M.; Fano, L.; Laricciaa, P.; Lucaroni, A.; Mantovania, G.; Nappia, A.; Romeoa, F.; Santocchiaa, A.; Spieziaa, A.; Taroni, S.; Pioppi, M.] Univ Perugia, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy. [Azzurria, P.; Bagliesia, G.; Boccalia, T.; Broccoloa, G.; Castaldia, R.; D'Agnoloa, R. T.; Dell'Orsoa, R.; Fiori, F.; Foaa, L.; Giassia, A.; Kraana, A.; Ligabuea, F.; Lomtadzea, T.; Martini, L.; Messineoa, A.; Pallaa, F.; Rizzia, A.; Serbana, A. T.; Spagnoloa, P.; Squillacioti, P.; Tenchinia, R.; Tonelli, G.; Venturi, A.; Verdinia, P. G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pisa, Pisa, Italy. [D'Agnoloa, R. T.; Fiori, F.; Messineoa, A.; Rizzia, A.; Tonelli, G.] Univ Pisa, Pisa, Italy. [Azzurria, P.; Broccoloa, G.; Foaa, L.; Ligabuea, F.; Rolandi, G.] Scuola Normale Super Pisa, Pisa, Italy. [Baronea, L.; Del Re, D.; Grassi, M.; Longoa, E.; Michelia, F.; Nourbakhsha, S.; Organtinia, G.; Rahatloua, S.; Soffia, L.; Rovelli, C.] Univ Roma La Sapienza, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma, Rome, Italy. [Amapanea, N.; Arcidiaconoa, R.; Argiroa, S.; Arneodoa, M.; Biinoa, C.; Cartigliaa, N.; Costaa, M.; Demariaa, N.; Mariotti, C.; Masellia, S.; Migliorea, E.; Monacoa, V.; Musich, M.; Obertinoa, M. M.; Pastronea, N.; Pelliccionia, M.; Potenzaa, A.; Romeroa, A.; Ruspaa, M.; Sacchia, R.; Solanoa, A.; Staianoa, A.; Pereiraa, A. Vilela] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Torino, I-10125 Turin, Italy. [Amapanea, N.; Argiroa, S.; Costaa, M.; Migliorea, E.; Monacoa, V.; Potenzaa, A.; Romeroa, A.; Sacchia, R.; Solanoa, A.] Univ Turin, Turin, Italy. [Arcidiaconoa, R.; Arneodoa, M.; Obertinoa, M. M.; Ruspaa, M.] Univ Piemonte Orientale Novara, Turin, Italy. [Belfortea, S.; Candelisea, V.; Cossuttia, F.; Della Riccaa, G.; Gobboa, B.; Marone, M.; Montanino, D.; Penzo, A.; Schizzia, A.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, Trieste, Italy. [Candelisea, V.; Della Riccaa, G.; Marone, M.; Montanino, D.; Schizzia, A.] Univ Trieste, Trieste, Italy. [Heo, S. G.; Kim, T. Y.; Nam, S. K.] Kangwon Natl Univ, Chunchon, South Korea. [Chang, S.; Kim, D. H.; Kim, G. N.; Kong, D. J.; Park, H.; Ro, S. R.; Son, D. C.; Son, T.; Kamon, T.] Kyungpook Natl Univ, Taegu, South Korea. [Kim, J. Y.; Kim, Zero J.; Song, S.] Chonnam Natl Univ, Inst Univ & Elementary Particles, Kwangju, South Korea. [Choi, S.; Gyun, D.; Hong, B.; Jo, M.; Kim, H.; Kim, T. J.; Lee, K. S.; Moon, D. H.; Park, S. K.] Korea Univ, Seoul, South Korea. [Choi, M.; Kim, J. H.; Park, C.; Park, I. C.; Park, S.; Ryu, G.] Univ Seoul, Seoul, South Korea. [Cho, Y.; Choi, Y.; Choi, Y. K.; Goh, J.; Kim, M. S.; Kwon, E.; Lee, B.; Lee, J.; Lee, S.; Seo, H.; Yu, I.] Sungkyunkwan Univ, Suwon, South Korea. [Bilinskas, M. J.; Grigelionis, I.; Janulis, M.; Juodagalvis, A.] Vilnius Univ, Vilnius, Lithuania. [Castilla-Valdez, H.; De La Cruz-Burelo, E.; Heredia-de La Cruz, I.; Lopez-Fernandez, R.; Magana Villalba, R.; Martinez-Ortega, J.; Sanchez-Hernandez, A.; Villasenor-Cendejas, L. M.] IPN, Ctr Invest & Estudios Avanzados, Mexico City 07738, DF, Mexico. [Carrillo Moreno, S.; Vazquez Valencia, F.] Univ Iberoamer, Mexico City, DF, Mexico. [Salazar Ibarguen, H. A.] Benemerita Univ Autonoma Puebla, Puebla, Mexico. [Casimiro Linares, E.; Morelos Pineda, A.; Reyes-Santos, M. A.] Univ Autonoma San Luis Potosi, San Luis Potosi, Mexico. [Krofcheck, D.] Univ Auckland, Auckland 1, New Zealand. [Bell, A. J.; Butler, P. H.; Doesburg, R.; Reucroft, S.; Silverwood, H.] Univ Canterbury, Christchurch 1, New Zealand. [Ahmad, M.; Asghar, M. I.; Hoorani, H. R.; Khalid, S.; Khan, W. A.; Khurshid, T.; Qazi, S.; Shah, M. A.; Shoaib, M.] Quaid I Azam Univ, Natl Ctr Phys, Islamabad, Pakistan. [Brona, G.; Bunkowski, K.; Cwiok, M.; Dominik, W.; Doroba, K.; Kalinowski, A.; Konecki, M.; Krolikowski, J.] Univ Warsaw, Fac Phys, Inst Expt Phys, Warsaw, Poland. [Bluj, M.; Bialkowska, H.; Boimska, B.; Frueboes, T.; Gokieli, R.; Gorski, M.; Kazana, M.; Nawrocki, K.; Romanowska-Rybinska, K.; Szleper, M.; Wrochna, G.; Zalewski, P.] Soltan Inst Nucl Studies, PL-00681 Warsaw, Poland. [Almeida, N.; Bargassa, P.; David, A.; Faccioli, P.; Ferreira Parracho, P. G.; Gallinaro, M.; Seixas, J.; Varela, J.; Vischia, P.] Lab Instrumentacao & Fis Expt Particulas, Lisbon, Portugal. [Belotelov, I.; Bunin, P.; Gavrilenko, M.; Golutvin, I.; Gorbunov, I.; Kamenev, A.; Karjavin, V.; Kozlov, G.; Lanev, A.; Malakhov, A.; Moisenz, P.; Palichik, V.; Perelygin, V.; Shmatov, S.; Smirnov, V.; Volodko, A.; Zarubin, A.] Joint Inst Nucl Res, Dubna, Russia. [Evstyukhin, S.; Golovtsov, V.; Ivanov, Y.; Kim, V.; Levchenko, P.; Murzin, V.; Oreshkin, V.; Smirnov, I.; Sulimov, V.; Uvarov, L.; Vavilov, S.; Vorobyev, A.; Vorobyev, An] Petersburg Nucl Phys Inst, St Petersburg, Russia. [Andreev, Yu; Dermenev, A.; Gninenko, S.; Golubev, N.; Kirsanov, M.; Krasnikov, N.; Matveev, V.; Pashenkov, A.; Tlisov, D.; Toropin, A.; Musienko, Y.] Russian Acad Sci, Inst Nucl Res, Moscow, Russia. [Epshteyn, V.; Erofeeva, M.; Gavrilov, V.; Kossov, M.; Lychkovskaya, N.; Popov, V.; Safronov, G.; Semenov, S.; Stolin, V.; Vlasov, E.; Zhokin, A.; Starodumov, A.; Nikitenko, A.] Inst Theoret & Expt Phys, Moscow 117259, Russia. [Andreev, V.; Azarkin, M.; Dremin, I.; Kirakosyan, M.; Leonidov, A.; Mesyats, G.; Rusakov, S. V.; Vinogradov, A.] PN Lebedev Phys Inst, Moscow 117924, Russia. [Azhgirey, I.; Bayshev, I.; Bitioukov, S.; Grishin, V.; Kachanov, V.; Konstantinov, D.; Korablev, A.; Krychkine, V.; Petrov, V.; Ryutin, R.; Sobol, A.; Tourtchanovitch, L.; Troshin, S.; Tyurin, N.; Uzunian, A.; Volkov, A.] Inst High Energy Phys, State Res Ctr Russian Federat, Protvino, Russia. [Adzic, P.; Djordjevic, M.; Ekmedzic, M.; Krpic, D.; Milosevic, J.; Milenovic, P.] Univ Belgrade, Fac Phys, Belgrade 11001, Serbia. [Adzic, P.; Djordjevic, M.; Ekmedzic, M.; Krpic, D.; Milosevic, J.; Milenovic, P.] Vinca Inst Nucl Sci, Belgrade, Serbia. [Aguilar-Benitez, M.; Alcaraz Maestre, J.; Arce, P.; Battilana, C.; Calvo, E.; Cerrada, M.; Chamizo Llatas, M.; Colino, N.; Delgado Peris, A.; Dominguez Vazquez, D.; Fernandez Bedoya, C.; Fernandez Ramos, J. P.; Ferrando, A.; Flix, J.; Fouz, M. C.; Garcia-Abia, P.; Gonzalez Lopez, O.; Goy Lopez, S.; Hernandez, J. M.; Josa, M. I.; Merino, G.; Puerta Pelayo, J.; Quintario Olmeda, A.; Redondo, I.; Romero, L.; Santaolalla, J.; Soares, M. S.; Willmott, C.] Ctr Invest Energet Medioambientales & Tecnol CIEM, Madrid, Spain. [Albajar, C.; Codispoti, G.; de Troconiz, J. F.] Univ Autonoma Madrid, Madrid, Spain. [Brun, H.; Cuevas, J.; Fernandez Menendez, J.; Folgueras, S.; Gonzalez Caballero, I.; Lloret Iglesias, L.; Piedra Gomez, J.] Univ Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain. [Brochero Cifuentes, J. A.; Cabrillo, I. J.; Calderon, A.; Chuang, S. H.; Duarte Campderros, J.; Felcini, M.; Fernandez, M.; Gomez, G.; Gonzalez Sanchez, J.; Graziano, A.; Jorda, C.; Lopez Virto, A.; Marco, J.; Marco, R.; Martinez Rivero, C.; Matorras, F.; Munoz Sanchez, F. J.; Rodrigo, T.; Rodriguez-Marrero, A. Y.; Ruiz-Jimeno, A.; Scodellaro, L.; Sobron Sanudo, M.; Vila, I.; Vilar Cortabitarte, R.] Univ Cantabria, CSIC, Inst Fis Cantabria IFCA, E-39005 Santander, Spain. [Genchev, V.; Iaydjiev, P.; Puljak, I.; Chierici, R.; Guthoff, M.; Hauth, T.; Foudas, C.; Hajdu, C.; Mohanty, A. K.; Calabria, C.; De Filippis, N.; Fasanella, D.; Meneghelli, M.; Tropiano, A.; Benaglia, A.; Di Matteo, L.; Gennai, S.; Massironi, A.; Montoya, C. A. Carrillo; De Cosa, A.; Paolucci, P.; Bacchetta, N.; Brancaa, A.; Nespolo, M.; Lucaroni, A.; Taroni, S.; Fiori, F.; Squillacioti, P.; Tonelli, G.; Venturi, A.; Del Re, D.; Grassi, M.; Meridiania, P.; Mariotti, C.; Musich, M.; Marone, M.; Montanino, D.; Kossov, M.; Grishin, V.; Abbaneo, D.; Auffray, E.; Auzinger, G.; Baillon, P.; Ball, A. H.; Barney, D.; Benitez, J. F.; Bernet, C.; Bianchi, G.; Bloch, P.; Bocci, A.; Bonato, A.; Botta, C.; Breuker, H.; Camporesi, T.; Cerminara, G.; Christiansen, T.; Perez, J. A. Coarasa; D'Enterria, D.; Dabrowski, A.; De Roeck, A.; Di Guida, S.; Dobson, M.; Dupont-Sagorin, N.; Elliott-Peisert, A.; Frisch, B.; Funk, W.; Georgiou, G.; Giffels, M.; Gigi, D.; Gill, K.; Giordano, D.; Giunta, M.; Glege, F.; Garrido, R. Gomez-Reino; Govoni, P.; Gowdy, S.; Guida, R.; Hansen, M.; Harris, P.; Hartl, C.; Harvey, J.; Hegner, B.; Hinzmann, A.; Innocente, V.; Janot, P.; Kaadze, K.; Karavakis, E.; Kousouris, K.; Lecoq, P.; Lee, Y-J.; Lenzi, P.; Lourenco, C.; Maeki, T.; Malberti, M.; Malgeri, L.; Mannelli, M.; Masetti, L.; Meijers, F.; Mersi, S.; Meschi, E.; Moser, R.; Mozer, M. U.; Mulders, M.; Musella, P.; Nesvold, E.; Orimoto, T.; Orsini, L.; Cortezon, E. Palencia; Perez, E.; Perrozzi, L.; Petrilli, A.; Pfeiffer, A.; Pierini, M.; Pimiae, M.; Piparo, D.; Polese, G.; Quertenmont, L.; Racz, A.; Reece, W.; Antunes, J. Rodrigues; Rolandi, G.; Rommerskirchen, T.; Rovelli, C.; Rovere, M.; Sakulin, H.; Santanastasio, F.; Schaefer, C.; Schwick, C.; Segoni, I.; Sekmen, S.; Sharma, A.; Siegrist, P.; Silva, P.; Simon, M.; Sphicas, P.; Spiga, D.; Tsirou, A.; Veres, G. I.; Vlimant, J. R.; Woehri, H. K.; Worm, S. D.; Zeuner, W. D.; Pela, J.] CERN, European Org Nucl Res, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. [Bertl, W.; Deiters, K.; Erdmann, W.; Gabathuler, K.; Horisberger, R.; Ingram, Q.; Kaestli, H. C.; Koenig, S.; Kotlinski, D.; Langenegger, U.; Meier, F.; Renker, D.; Rohe, T.; Sibille, J.; Naegeli, C.] Paul Scherrer Inst, Villigen, Switzerland. [Baeni, L.; Bortignon, P.; Buchmann, M. A.; Casal, B.; Chanon, N.; Deisher, A.; Dissertori, G.; Dittmar, M.; Donega, M.; Duenser, M.; Eugster, J.; Freudenreich, K.; Grab, C.; Hits, D.; Lecomte, P.; Lustermann, W.; Marini, A. C.; del Arbol, P. Martinez Ruiz; Mohr, N.; Moortgat, F.; Naegeli, C.; Nef, P.; Nessi-Tedaldi, F.; Pandolfi, F.; Pape, L.; Pauss, F.; Peruzzi, M.; Ronga, F. J.; Rossini, M.; Sala, L.; Sanchez, A. K.; Starodumov, A.; Stieger, B.; Takahashi, M.; Tauscher, L.; Thea, A.; Theofilatos, K.; Treille, D.; Urscheler, C.; Wallny, R.; Weber, H. A.; Wehrli, L.] ETH, Inst Particle Phys, Zurich, Switzerland. [Amsler, C.; Chiochia, V.; De Visscher, S.; Favaro, C.; Rikova, M. Ivova; Mejias, B. Millan; Otiougova, P.; Robmann, P.; Snoek, H.; Tupputi, S.; Verzetti, M.] Univ Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland. [Chang, Y. H.; Chen, K. H.; Kuo, C. M.; Li, S. W.; Lin, W.; Liu, Z. K.; Mekterovic, D.; Singh, A. P.; Volpe, R.; Yu, S. S.] Natl Cent Univ, Chungli 32054, Taiwan. [Bartalini, P.; Chang, P.; Chang, Y. H.; Chang, Y. W.; Chao, Y.; Chen, K. F.; Dietz, C.; Grundler, U.; Hou, W-S.; Hsiung, Y.; Kao, K. Y.; Lei, Y. J.; Lu, R-S.; Majumder, D.; Petrakou, E.; Shi, X.; Shiu, J. G.; Tzeng, Y. M.; Wan, X.; Wang, M.] Natl Taiwan Univ, Taipei 10764, Taiwan. [Adiguzel, A.; Bakirci, M. N.; Cerci, S.; Dozen, C.; Dumanoglu, I.; Eskut, E.; Girgis, S.; Gokbulut, G.; Gurpinar, E.; Hos, I.; Kangal, E. E.; Karaman, T.; Karapinar, G.; Topaksu, A. Kayis; Onengut, G.; Ozdemir, K.; Ozturk, S.; Polatoz, A.; Sogut, K.; Cerci, D. Sunar; Tali, B.; Topakli, H.; Vergili, L. N.; Vergili, M.] Cukurova Univ, Adana, Turkey. [Akin, I. V.; Aliev, T.; Bilin, B.; Bilmis, S.; Deniz, M.; Gamsizkan, H.; Guler, A. M.; Ocalan, K.; Ozpineci, A.; Serin, M.; Sever, R.; Surat, U. E.; Yalvac, M.; Yildirim, E.; Zeyrek, M.] Middle E Tech Univ, Dept Phys, TR-06531 Ankara, Turkey. [Gulmez, E.; Isildak, B.; Kaya, M.; Kaya, O.; Ozkorucuklu, S.; Sonmez, N.] Bogazici Univ, Istanbul, Turkey. [Cankocak, K.] Istanbul Tech Univ, TR-80626 Istanbul, Turkey. [Levchuk, L.] Kharkov Inst Phys & Technol, Natl Sci Ctr, Kharkov, Ukraine. [Bostock, F.; Brooke, J. J.; Clement, E.; Cussans, D.; Flacher, H.; Frazier, R.; Goldstein, J.; Grimes, M.; Heath, G. P.; Heath, H. F.; Kreczko, L.; Metson, S.; Newbold, D. M.; Nirunpong, K.; Poll, A.; Senkin, S.; Smith, V. J.; Williams, T.] Univ Bristol, Bristol, Avon, England. [Worm, S. D.; Newbold, D. M.; Basso, L.; Bell, K. W.; Belyaev, A.; Brew, C.; Brown, R. M.; Cockerill, D. J. A.; Coughlan, J. A.; Harder, K.; Harper, S.; Jackson, J.; Kennedy, B. W.; Olaiya, E.; Petyt, D.; Radburn-Smith, B. C.; Shepherd-Themistocleous, C. H.; Tomalin, I. R.; Womersley, W. J.] Rutherford Appleton Lab, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. [Bainbridge, R.; Ball, G.; Beuselinck, R.; Buchmuller, O.; Colling, D.; Cripps, N.; Cutajar, M.; Dauncey, P.; Davies, G.; Della Negra, M.; Ferguson, W.; Fulcher, J.; Futyan, D.; Gilbert, A.; Bryer, A. Guneratne; Hall, G.; Hatherell, Z.; Hays, J.; Iles, G.; Jarvis, M.; Karapostoli, G.; Lyons, L.; Magnan, A-M.; Marrouche, J.; Mathias, B.; Nandi, R.; Nash, J.; Nikitenko, A.; Papageorgiou, A.; Pela, J.; Pesaresi, M.; Petridis, K.; Pioppi, M.; Raymond, D. M.; Rogerson, S.; Rose, A.; Ryan, M. J.; Seez, C.; Sharp, P.; Sparrow, A.; Stoye, M.; Tapper, A.; Acosta, M. Vazquez; Virdee, T.; Wakefield, S.; Wardle, N.; Whyntie, T.] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, London, England. [Chadwick, M.; Cole, J. E.; Hobson, P. R.; Khan, A.; Kyberd, P.; Leggat, D.; Leslie, D.; Martin, W.; Reid, I. D.; Symonds, P.; Teodorescu, L.; Turner, M.] Brunel Univ, Uxbridge UB8 3PH, Middx, England. [Hatakeyama, K.; Liu, H.; Scarborough, T.] Baylor Univ, Waco, TX 76798 USA. [Charaf, O.; Henderson, C.; Rumerio, P.] Univ Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL USA. [Avetisyan, A.; Bose, T.; Fantasia, C.; Heister, A.; St John, J.; Lawson, P.; Lazic, D.; Rohlf, J.; Sperka, D.; Sulak, L.] Boston Univ, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Alimena, J.; Bhattacharya, S.; Cutts, D.; Ferapontov, A.; Heintz, U.; Jabeen, S.; Kukartsev, G.; Laird, E.; Landsberg, G.; Luk, M.; Narain, M.; Nguyen, D.; Segala, M.; Sinthuprasith, T.; Speer, T.; Tsang, K. V.] Brown Univ, Providence, RI 02912 USA. [Breedon, R.; Breto, G.; Sanchez, M. Calderon de la Barca; Chauhan, S.; Chertok, M.; Conway, J.; Conway, R.; Cox, P. T.; Dolen, J.; Erbacher, R.; Gardner, M.; Houtz, R.; Ko, W.; Kopecky, A.; Lander, R.; Miceli, T.; Pellett, D.; Ricci-tam, F.; Rutherford, B.; Searle, M.; Smith, J.; Squires, M.; Tripathi, M.; Sierra, R. Vasquez] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Weber, M.; Felcini, M.; Andreev, V.; Cline, D.; Cousins, R.; Duris, J.; Erhan, S.; Everaerts, P.; Farrell, C.; Hauser, J.; Ignatenko, M.; Jarvis, C.; Plager, C.; Rakness, G.; Schlein, P.; Valuev, V.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Babb, J.; Clare, R.; Dinardo, M. E.; Ellison, J.; Gary, J. W.; Giordano, F.; Hanson, G.; Jeng, G. Y.; Liu, H.; Long, O. R.; Luthra, A.; Nguyen, H.; Paramesvaran, S.; Sturdy, J.; Sumowidagdo, S.; Wilken, R.; Wimpenny, S.] Univ Calif Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Andrews, W.; Branson, J. G.; Cerati, G. B.; Cittolin, S.; Evans, D.; Golf, F.; Holzner, A.; Kelley, R.; Lebourgeois, M.; Letts, J.; Macneill, I.; Mangano, B.; Padhi, S.; Palmer, C.; Petrucciani, G.; Pieri, M.; Sani, M.; Sharma, V.; Simon, S.; Sudano, E.; Tadel, M.; Tu, Y.; Vartak, A.; Wasserbaech, S.; Wuerthwein, F.; Yagil, A.; Yoo, J.] Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Barge, D.; Bellan, R.; Campagnari, C.; D'Alfonso, M.; Danielson, T.; Flowers, K.; Geffert, P.; Incandela, J.; Justus, C.; Kalavase, P.; Koay, S. A.; Kovalskyi, D.; Krutelyov, V.; Lowette, S.; Mccoll, N.; Pavlunin, V.; Rebassoo, F.; Ribnik, J.; Richman, J.; Rossin, R.; Stuart, D.; To, W.; West, C.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. [Dias, F. A.; Dubinin, M.; Apresyan, A.; Bornheim, A.; Chen, Y.; Di Marco, E.; Duarte, J.; Gataullin, M.; Ma, Y.; Mott, A.; Newman, H. B.; Rogan, C.; Spiropulu, M.; Timciuc, V.; Traczyk, P.; Veverka, J.; Wilkinson, R.; Yang, Y.; Zhu, R. Y.] CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Akgun, B.; Azzolini, V.; Carroll, R.; Ferguson, T.; Iiyama, Y.; Jang, D. W.; Liu, Y. F.; Paulini, M.; Vogel, H.; Vorobiev, I.] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. [Cumalat, J. P.; Drell, B. R.; Edelmaier, C. J.; Ford, W. T.; Gaz, A.; Heyburn, B.; Lopez, E. Luiggi; Smith, J. G.; Stenson, K.; Ulmer, K. A.; Wagner, S. R.] Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Alexander, J.; Chatterjee, A.; Eggert, N.; Gibbons, L. K.; Heltsley, B.; Khukhunaishvili, A.; Kreis, B.; Mirman, N.; Kaufman, G. Nicolas; Patterson, J. R.; Ryd, A.; Salvati, E.; Sun, W.; Teo, W. D.; Thom, J.; Thompson, J.; Tucker, J.; Vaughan, J.; Weng, Y.; Winstrom, L.; Wittich, P.] Cornell Univ, Ithaca, NY USA. [Winn, D.] Fairfield Univ, Fairfield, CT 06430 USA. [Abdullin, S.; Albrow, M.; Anderson, J.; Bauerdick, L. A. T.; Beretvas, A.; Berryhill, J.; Bhat, P. C.; Bloch, I.; Burkett, K.; Butler, J. N.; Chetluru, V.; Cheung, H. W. K.; Chlebana, F.; Elvira, V. D.; Fisk, I.; Freeman, J.; Gao, Y.; Green, D.; Gutsche, O.; Hanlon, J.; Harris, R. M.; Hirschauer, J.; Hooberman, B.; Jindariani, S.; Johnson, M.; Joshi, U.; Kilminster, B.; Klima, B.; Kunori, S.; Kwan, S.; Leonidopoulos, C.; Linacre, J.; Lincoln, D.; Lipton, R.; Lykken, J.; Maeshima, K.; Marraffino, J. M.; Maruyama, S.; Mason, D.; McBride, P.; Mishra, K.; Mrenna, S.; Musienko, Y.; Newman-Holmes, C.; O'Dell, V.; Prokofyev, O.; Sexton-Kennedy, E.; Sharma, S.; Spalding, W. J.; Spiegel, L.; Tan, P.; Taylor, L.; Tkaczyk, S.; Tran, N. V.; Uplegger, L.; Vaandering, E. W.; Vidal, R.; Whitmore, J.; Wu, W.; Yang, F.; Yumiceva, F.; Yun, J. C.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. [Piedra Gomez, J.; Acosta, D.; Avery, P.; Bourilkov, D.; Chen, M.; Cheng, T.; Das, S.; De Gruttola, M.; Di Giovanni, G. P.; Dobur, D.; Drozdetskiy, A.; Field, R. D.; Fisher, M.; Fu, Y.; Furic, I. K.; Gartner, J.; Hugon, J.; Kim, B.; Konigsberg, J.; Korytov, A.; Kropivnitskaya, A.; Kypreos, T.; Low, J. F.; Matchev, K.; Milenovic, P.; Mitselmakher, G.; Muniz, L.; Remington, R.; Rinkevicius, A.; Sellers, P.; Skhirtladze, N.; Snowball, M.; Yelton, J.; Zakaria, M.] Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL USA. [Gaultney, V.; Hewamanage, S.; Lebolo, L. M.; Linn, S.; Markowitz, P.; Martinez, G.; Rodriguez, J. L.] Florida Int Univ, Miami, FL 33199 USA. [Adams, T.; Askew, A.; Bochenek, J.; Chen, J.; Diamond, B.; Gleyzer, S. V.; Haas, J.; Hagopian, S.; Hagopian, V.; Jenkins, M.; Johnson, K. F.; Prosper, H.; Veeraraghavan, V.; Weinberg, M.] Florida State Univ, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. [Baarmand, M. M.; Dorney, B.; Hohlmann, M.; Kalakhety, H.; Vodopiyanov, I.] Florida Inst Technol, Melbourne, FL 32901 USA. [Adams, M. R.; Anghel, I. M.; Apanasevich, L.; Bai, Y.; Bazterra, V. E.; Betts, R. R.; Bucinskaite, I.; Callner, J.; Cavanaugh, R.; Dragoiu, C.; Evdokimov, O.; Gauthier, L.; Gerber, C. E.; Hofman, D. J.; Khalatyan, S.; Lacroix, F.; Malek, M.; O'Brien, C.; Silkworth, C.; Strom, D.; Varelas, N.] Univ Illinois, Chicago, IL USA. [Ozturk, S.; Akgun, U.; Albayrak, E. A.; Bilki, B.; Clarida, W.; Duru, F.; Griffiths, S.; Merlo, J-P.; Mermerkaya, H.; Mestvirishvili, A.; Moeller, A.; Nachtman, J.; Newsom, C. R.; Norbeck, E.; Onel, Y.; Ozok, F.; Sen, S.; Tiras, E.; Wetzel, J.; Yetkin, T.; Yi, K.] Univ Iowa, Iowa City, IA USA. [Barnett, B. A.; Blumenfeld, B.; Bolognesi, S.; Fehling, D.; Giurgiu, G.; Gritsan, A. V.; Guo, Z. J.; Hu, G.; Maksimovic, P.; Rappoccio, S.; Swartz, M.; Whitbeck, A.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD USA. [Sibille, J.; Baringer, P.; Bean, A.; Benelli, G.; Grachov, O.; Iii, R. P. Kenny; Murray, M.; Noonan, D.; Sanders, S.; Stringer, R.; Tinti, G.; Wood, J. S.; Zhukova, V.] Univ Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. [Barfuss, A. F.; Bolton, T.; Chakaberia, I.; Ivanov, A.; Khalil, S.; Makouski, M.; Maravin, Y.; Shrestha, S.; Svintradze, I.] Kansas State Univ, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Gronberg, J.; Lange, D.; Wright, D.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. [Baden, A.; Boutemeur, M.; Calvert, B.; Eno, S. C.; Gomez, J. A.; Hadley, N. J.; Kellogg, R. G.; Kirn, M.; Kolberg, T.; Lu, Y.; Marionneau, M.; Mignerey, A. C.; Pedro, K.; Peterman, A.; Skuja, A.; Temple, J.; Tonjes, M. B.; Tonwar, S. C.; Twedt, E.] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Apyan, A.; Bauer, G.; Bendavid, J.; Busza, W.; Butz, E.; Cali, I. A.; Chan, M.; Dutta, V.; Ceballos, G. Gomez; Goncharov, M.; Hahn, K. A.; Kim, Y.; Klute, M.; Krajczar, K.; Li, W.; Luckey, P. D.; Ma, T.; Nahn, S.; Paus, C.; Ralph, D.; Roland, C.; Roland, G.; Rudolph, M.; Stephans, G. S. F.; Stoeckli, F.; Sumorok, K.; Sung, K.; Velicanu, D.; Wenger, E. A.; Wolf, R.; Wyslouch, B.; Xie, S.; Yang, M.; Yilmaz, Y.; Yoon, A. S.; Zanetti, M.] MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Cooper, S. I.; Dahmes, B.; De Benedetti, A.; Franzoni, G.; Gude, A.; Kao, S. C.; Klapoetke, K.; Kubota, Y.; Mans, J.; Pastika, N.; Rusack, R.; Sasseville, M.; Singovsky, A.; Tambe, N.; Turkewitz, J.] Univ Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN USA. [Cremaldi, L. M.; Kroeger, R.; Perera, L.; Rahmat, R.; Sanders, D. A.] Univ Mississippi, University, MS 38677 USA. [Avdeeva, E.; Bloom, K.; Bose, S.; Butt, J.; Claes, D. R.; Dominguez, A.; Eads, M.; Keller, J.; Kravchenko, I.; Lazo-Flores, J.; Malbouisson, H.; Malik, S.; Snow, G. R.] Univ Nebraska, Lincoln, NE USA. [Baur, U.; Godshalk, A.; Iashvili, I.; Jain, S.; Kharchilava, A.; Kumar, A.; Shipkowski, S. P.; Smith, K.] SUNY Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. [Alverson, G.; Barberis, E.; Baumgartel, D.; Chasco, M.; Haley, J.; Nash, D.; Trocino, D.; Wood, D.; Zhang, J.] Northeastern Univ, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Anastassov, A.; Kubik, A.; Mucia, N.; Odell, N.; Ofierzynski, R. A.; Pollack, B.; Pozdnyakov, A.; Schmitt, M.; Stoynev, S.; Velasco, M.; Won, S.] Northwestern Univ, Evanston, IL USA. [Antonelli, L.; Berry, D.; Brinkerhoff, A.; Hildreth, M.; Jessop, C.; Karmgard, D. J.; Kolb, J.; Lannon, K.; Luo, W.; Lynch, S.; Marinelli, N.; Morse, D. M.; Pearson, T.; Ruchti, R.; Slaunwhite, J.; Valls, N.; Wayne, M.; Wolf, M.] Univ Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. [Bylsma, B.; Durkin, L. S.; Hill, C.; Hughes, R.; Kotov, K.; Ling, T. Y.; Puigh, D.; Rodenburg, M.; Vuosalo, C.; Williams, G.; Winer, B. L.] Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Adam, N.; Berry, E.; Elmer, P.; Gerbaudo, D.; Halyo, V.; Hebda, P.; Hegeman, J.; Hunt, A.; Jindal, P.; Pegna, D. Lopes; Lujan, P.; Marlow, D.; Medvedeva, T.; Mooney, M.; Olsen, J.; Piroue, P.; Quan, X.; Raval, A.; Safdi, B.; Saka, H.; Stickland, D.; Tully, C.; Werner, J. S.; Zuranski, A.] Princeton Univ, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Acosta, J. G.; Brownson, E.; Huang, X. T.; Lopez, A.; Mendez, H.; Oliveros, S.; Vargas, J. E. Ramirez; Zatserklyaniy, A.] Univ Puerto Rico, Mayaguez, PR USA. [Alagoz, E.; Barnes, V. E.; Benedetti, D.; Bolla, G.; Bortoletto, D.; De Mattia, M.; Everett, A.; Hu, Z.; Jones, M.; Koybasi, O.; Kress, M.; Laasanen, A. T.; Leonardo, N.; Maroussov, V.; Merkel, P.; Miller, D. H.; Neumeister, N.; Shipsey, I.; Silvers, D.; Svyatkovskiy, A.; Marono, M. Vidal; Yoo, H. D.; Zablocki, J.; Zheng, Y.] Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Guragain, S.; Parashar, N.] Purdue Univ Calumet, Hammond, IN USA. [Adair, A.; Boulahouache, C.; Ecklund, K. M.; Geurts, F. J. M.; Padley, B. P.; Redjimi, R.; Roberts, J.; Zabel, J.] Rice Univ, Houston, TX USA. [Betchart, B.; Bodek, A.; Chung, Y. S.; Covarelli, R.; de Barbaro, P.; Demina, R.; Eshaq, Y.; Garcia-Bellido, A.; Goldenzweig, P.; Han, J.; Harel, A.; Miner, D. C.; Vishnevskiy, D.; Zielinski, M.] Univ Rochester, Rochester, NY USA. [Bhatti, A.; Ciesielski, R.; Demortier, L.; Goulianos, K.; Lungu, G.; Malik, S.; Mesropian, C.] Rockefeller Univ, New York, NY 10021 USA. [Arora, S.; Barker, A.; Chou, J. P.; Contreras-Campana, C.; Contreras-Campana, E.; Duggan, D.; Ferencek, D.; Gershtein, Y.; Gray, R.; Halkiadakis, E.; Hidas, D.; Lath, A.; Panwalkar, S.; Park, M.; Patel, R.; Rekovic, V.; Robles, J.; Rose, K.; Salur, S.; Schnetzer, S.; Seitz, C.; Somalwar, S.; Stone, R.; Thomas, S.] Rutgers State Univ, Piscataway, NJ USA. [Cerizza, G.; Hollingsworth, M.; Spanier, S.; Yang, Z. C.; York, A.] Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN USA. [Eusebi, R.; Flanagan, W.; Gilmore, J.; Kamon, T.; Khotilovich, V.; Montalvo, R.; Osipenkov, I.; Pakhotin, Y.; Perloff, A.; Roe, J.; Safonov, A.; Sakuma, T.; Sengupta, S.; Suarez, I.; Tatarinov, A.; Toback, D.] Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX USA. [Akchurin, N.; Damgov, J.; Dudero, P. R.; Jeong, C.; Kovitanggoon, K.; Lee, S. W.; Libeiro, T.; Roh, Y.; Volobouev, I.] Texas Tech Univ, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. [Appelt, E.; Delannoy, A. G.; Florez, C.; Greene, S.; Gurrola, A.; Johns, W.; Johnston, C.; Kurt, P.; Maguire, C.; Melo, A.; Sharma, M.; Sheldon, P.; Snook, B.; Tuo, S.; Velkovska, J.] Vanderbilt Univ, Nashville, TN USA. [Arenton, M. W.; Balazs, M.; Boutle, S.; Cox, B.; Francis, B.; Goodell, J.; Hirosky, R.; Ledovskoy, A.; Lin, C.; Neu, C.; Wood, J.; Yohay, R.] Univ Virginia, Charlottesville, VA USA. [Gollapinni, S.; Harr, R.; Karchin, P. E.; Don, C. Kottachchi Kankanamge; Lamichhane, P.; Sakharov, A.] Wayne State Univ, Detroit, MI USA. [Anderson, M.; Bachtis, M.; Belknap, D.; Borrello, L.; Carlsmith, D.; Cepeda, M.; Dasu, S.; Gray, L.; Grogg, K. S.; Grothe, M.; Hall-Wilton, R.; Herndon, M.; Herve, A.; Klabbers, P.; Klukas, J.; Lanaro, A.; Lazaridis, C.; Leonard, J.; Loveless, R.; Mohapatra, A.; Ojalvo, I.; Palmonari, F.; Pierro, G. A.; Ross, I.; Savin, A.; Smith, W. H.; Swanson, J.] Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI USA. 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Tomei, Thiago/E-7091-2012; Zalewski, Piotr/H-7335-2013; Tinti, Gemma/I-5886-2013; Lokhtin, Igor/D-7004-2012; Dudko, Lev/D-7127-2012; Venturi, Andrea/J-1877-2012; de Jesus Damiao, Dilson/G-6218-2012; Klyukhin, Vyacheslav/D-6850-2012; Wulz, Claudia-Elisabeth/H-5657-2011; Petrushanko, Sergey/D-6880-2012; Raidal, Martti/F-4436-2012; Snigirev, Alexander/D-8912-2012; Novaes, Sergio/D-3532-2012; Padula, Sandra /G-3560-2012; Karancsi, Janos/A-9710-2013; Mercadante, Pedro/K-1918-2012; Goh, Junghwan/Q-3720-2016; Govoni, Pietro/K-9619-2016; Tuominen, Eija/A-5288-2017; Yazgan, Efe/C-4521-2014; Gerbaudo, Davide/J-4536-2012; Arce, Pedro/L-1268-2014; Flix, Josep/G-5414-2012; Della Ricca, Giuseppe/B-6826-2013; Azarkin, Maxim/N-2578-2015; Kirakosyan, Martin/N-2701-2015; Gulmez, Erhan/P-9518-2015; Seixas, Joao/F-5441-2013; Vilela Pereira, Antonio/L-4142-2016; Sznajder, Andre/L-1621-2016; Haj Ahmad, Wael/E-6738-2016; Xie, Si/O-6830-2016; Leonardo, Nuno/M-6940-2016; Calderon, Alicia/K-3658-2014; Sen, Sercan/C-6473-2014; Belyaev, Alexander/F-6637-2015; Stahl, Achim/E-8846-2011; Trocsanyi, Zoltan/A-5598-2009; Konecki, Marcin/G-4164-2015; Matorras, Francisco/I-4983-2015; My, Salvatore/I-5160-2015; Dremin, Igor/K-8053-2015; Hoorani, Hafeez/D-1791-2013; Leonidov, Andrey/M-4440-2013; Andreev, Vladimir/M-8665-2015; KIM, Tae Jeong/P-7848-2015 OI Scodellaro, Luca/0000-0002-4974-8330; Calvo Alamillo, Enrique/0000-0002-1100-2963; Paulini, Manfred/0000-0002-6714-5787; Vogel, Helmut/0000-0002-6109-3023; Marinho, Franciole/0000-0002-7327-0349; Ferguson, Thomas/0000-0001-5822-3731; Ragazzi, Stefano/0000-0001-8219-2074; Benussi, Luigi/0000-0002-2363-8889; Ivanov, Andrew/0000-0002-9270-5643; Hill, Christopher/0000-0003-0059-0779; Wimpenny, Stephen/0000-0003-0505-4908; Codispoti, Giuseppe/0000-0003-0217-7021; Max, Mad/0000-0001-6966-6829; Cerrada, Marcos/0000-0003-0112-1691; Mundim, Luiz/0000-0001-9964-7805; De La Cruz Burelo, Eduard/0000-0002-7469-6974; Tinoco Mendes, Andre David/0000-0001-5854-7699; Rolandi, Luigi (Gigi)/0000-0002-0635-274X; Tomei, Thiago/0000-0002-1809-5226; Dudko, Lev/0000-0002-4462-3192; de Jesus Damiao, Dilson/0000-0002-3769-1680; Klyukhin, Vyacheslav/0000-0002-8577-6531; Wulz, Claudia-Elisabeth/0000-0001-9226-5812; Novaes, Sergio/0000-0003-0471-8549; Karancsi, Janos/0000-0003-0802-7665; Goh, Junghwan/0000-0002-1129-2083; Govoni, Pietro/0000-0002-0227-1301; Tuominen, Eija/0000-0002-7073-7767; Yazgan, Efe/0000-0001-5732-7950; Gerbaudo, Davide/0000-0002-4463-0878; Arce, Pedro/0000-0003-3009-0484; Flix, Josep/0000-0003-2688-8047; Della Ricca, Giuseppe/0000-0003-2831-6982; Gulmez, Erhan/0000-0002-6353-518X; Seixas, Joao/0000-0002-7531-0842; Vilela Pereira, Antonio/0000-0003-3177-4626; Sznajder, Andre/0000-0001-6998-1108; Haj Ahmad, Wael/0000-0003-1491-0446; Xie, Si/0000-0003-2509-5731; Leonardo, Nuno/0000-0002-9746-4594; Sen, Sercan/0000-0001-7325-1087; Belyaev, Alexander/0000-0002-1733-4408; Stahl, Achim/0000-0002-8369-7506; Trocsanyi, Zoltan/0000-0002-2129-1279; Konecki, Marcin/0000-0001-9482-4841; Matorras, Francisco/0000-0003-4295-5668; My, Salvatore/0000-0002-9938-2680; KIM, Tae Jeong/0000-0001-8336-2434 FU FMSR (Austria); FNRS (Belgium); FWO (Belgium); CNPq (Brazil); CAPES (Brazil); FAPERJ (Brazil); FAPESP (Brazil); MES (Bulgaria); CERN; CAS (China); MoST (China); NSFC (China); COLCIENCIAS (Colombia); MSES (Croatia); RPF (Cyprus); Academy of Sciences (Estonia); NICPB (Estonia); Academy of Finland (Finland); MEC (Finland); HIP (Finland); CEA (France); CNRS/IN2P3 (France); BMBF (Germany); DFG (Germany); HGF (Germany); GSRT (Greece); OTKA (Hungary); NKTH (Hungary); DAE (India); DST (India); IPM (Iran); SFI (Ireland); INFN (Italy); NRF (Korea); WCU (Korea); LAS (Lithuania); CINVESTAV (Mexico); CONACYT (Mexico); SEP (Mexico); UASLP-FAI (Mexico); MSI (New Zealand); PAEC (Pakistan); SCSR (Poland); FCT (Portugal); JINR (Armenia); JINR (Belarus); JINR (Georgia); JINR (Ukraine); JINR (Uzbekistan); MON (Russia); RosAtom (Russia); RAS (Russia); RFBR (Russia); MSTD (Serbia); MICINN (Spain); CPAN (Spain); Swiss Funding Agencies (Switzerland); NSC (Taipei); TUBITAK (Turkey); TAEK (Turkey); STFC (United Kingdom); DOE (USA); NSF (USA) FX We thank Kenneth Lane for his help with the interpretation of the results within the context of low-scale technicolor models. We wish to congratulate our colleagues in the CERN accelerator departments for the excellent performance of the LHC machine. We thank the technical and administrative staff at CERN and other CMS institutes and acknowledge support from FMSR (Austria); FNRS and FWO (Belgium); CNPq, CAPES, FAPERJ, and FAPESP (Brazil); MES (Bulgaria); CERN; CAS, MoST, and NSFC (China); COLCIENCIAS (Colombia); MSES (Croatia); RPF (Cyprus); Academy of Sciences and NICPB (Estonia); Academy of Finland, MEC, and HIP (Finland); CEA and CNRS/IN2P3 (France); BMBF, DFG, and HGF (Germany); GSRT (Greece); OTKA and NKTH (Hungary); DAE and DST (India); IPM (Iran); SFI (Ireland); INFN (Italy); NRF and WCU (Korea); LAS (Lithuania); CINVESTAV, CONACYT, SEP, and UASLP-FAI (Mexico); MSI (New Zealand); PAEC (Pakistan); SCSR (Poland); FCT (Portugal); JINR (Armenia, Belarus, Georgia, Ukraine, Uzbekistan); MON, RosAtom, RAS, and RFBR (Russia); MSTD (Serbia); MICINN and CPAN (Spain); Swiss Funding Agencies (Switzerland); NSC (Taipei); TUBITAK and TAEK (Turkey); STFC (United Kingdom); and DOE and NSF (USA). NR 42 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 54 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD OCT 2 PY 2012 VL 109 IS 14 AR 141801 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.109.141801 PG 16 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 014OA UT WOS:000309384200001 ER PT J AU Karapetyan, H Hucker, M Gu, GD Tranquada, JM Fejer, MM Xia, J Kapitulnik, A AF Karapetyan, Hovnatan Huecker, M. Gu, G. D. Tranquada, J. M. Fejer, M. M. Xia, Jing Kapitulnik, A. TI Magneto-Optical Measurements of a Cascade of Transitions in Superconducting La1. 875Ba0.125CuO4 Single Crystals SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID COPPER-OXIDE METALS; MAGNETIC ORDER; CUPRATE SUPERCONDUCTORS; STRUCTURAL TRANSITION; PHASE-TRANSITIONS; LA2-XBAXCUO4; STRIPES; LA2-XSRXCUO4; PSEUDOGAP; ANOMALIES AB Recent experiments on the original cuprate high-temperature superconductor, La2-xBaxCuO4, revealed a remarkable sequence of phase transitions. Here we investigate such crystals with the polar Kerr effect, which is sensitive to time-reversal-symmetry breaking. Concurrent birefringence measurements accurately locate the structural phase transitions from high-temperature tetragonal to low-temperature orthorhombic, and then to lower-temperature tetragonal, at which temperature strong Kerr signal onsets. Hysteretic behavior of the Kerr signal suggests that time-reversal symmetry is already broken well above room temperature, an effect that was previously observed in high quality YBa2Cu3O6+x crystals. C1 [Karapetyan, Hovnatan; Kapitulnik, A.] Stanford Inst Mat & Energy Sci, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. [Karapetyan, Hovnatan; Fejer, M. M.; Kapitulnik, A.] Stanford Univ, Dept Appl Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Huecker, M.; Gu, G. D.; Tranquada, J. M.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Phys & Mat Sci Dept, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Xia, Jing] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. [Kapitulnik, A.] Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. RP Karapetyan, H (reprint author), Stanford Inst Mat & Energy Sci, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, 2575 Sand Hill Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. RI Tranquada, John/A-9832-2009; Gu, Genda/D-5410-2013 OI Tranquada, John/0000-0003-4984-8857; Gu, Genda/0000-0002-9886-3255 FU Department of Energy Grant [DE-AC02-76SF00515] FX Discussions with Alexander Fried and Steve Kivelson are greatly appreciated. This work was supported by the Department of Energy Grant No. DE-AC02-76SF00515. NR 44 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 1 U2 34 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD OCT 2 PY 2012 VL 109 IS 14 AR 147001 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.109.147001 PG 5 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 014OA UT WOS:000309384200004 PM 23083268 ER PT J AU Shen, CH Tie, YF Yu, XX Wang, YF Kovalevsky, AY Harrison, RW Weber, IT AF Shen, Chen-Hsiang Tie, Yunfeng Yu, Xiaxia Wang, Yuan-Fang Kovalevsky, Andrey Y. Harrison, Robert W. Weber, Irene T. TI Capturing the Reaction Pathway in Near-Atomic-Resolution Crystal Structures of HIV-1 Protease SO BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID DRUG-RESISTANT MUTANTS; X-RAY-DIFFRACTION; KINETIC CHARACTERIZATION; COMPLEXES; SUBSTRATE; CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; INTERMEDIATE; MECHANISM; NEUTRON; ENZYME AB Snapshots of three consecutive steps in the proteolytic reaction of HIV-1 protease (PR) were obtained in crystal structures at resolutions of 1.2-1.4 angstrom. Structures of wild-type protease and two mutants (PRV32I and PRI47V) with V32I and I47V substitutions, which are common in drug resistance, reveal the gem-diol tetrahedral intermediate, the separating N- and C-terminal products, and the C-terminal product of an autoproteolytic peptide. These structures represent three stages in the reaction pathway and shed light on the reaction mechanism. The near-atomic-resolution geometric details include a short hydrogen bond between the intermediate and the outer carboxylate oxygen of one catalytic Asp25 that is conserved in all three structures. The two products in the complex with mutant PRI47V have a 2.2 angstrom separation of the amide and carboxyl carbon of the adjacent ends, suggesting partial cleavage prior to product release. The complex of mutant PRV32I with a single C-terminal product shows density for water molecules in the other half of the binding site, including a partial occupancy water molecule interacting with the product carboxylate end and the carbonyl oxygen of one conformation of Gly27, which suggests a potential role of Gly27 in recycling from the product complex to the ligand-free enzyme. These structural details at near-atomic resolution enhance our understanding of the reaction pathway and will assist in the design of mechanism-based inhibitors as antiviral agents. C1 [Shen, Chen-Hsiang; Tie, Yunfeng; Yu, Xiaxia; Wang, Yuan-Fang; Kovalevsky, Andrey Y.; Harrison, Robert W.; Weber, Irene T.] Georgia State Univ, Dept Biol, Mol Basis Dis Program, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA. [Tie, Yunfeng] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Yu, Xiaxia; Harrison, Robert W.] Georgia State Univ, Dept Comp Sci, Mol Basis Dis Program, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA. [Kovalevsky, Andrey Y.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Weber, Irene T.] Georgia State Univ, Dept Chem, Mol Basis Dis Program, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA. RP Weber, IT (reprint author), Georgia State Univ, Dept Biol, POB 4010, Atlanta, GA 30302 USA. EM iweber@gsu.edu RI Lujan Center, LANL/G-4896-2012; shen, chen-hsiang/D-7309-2016; OI Kovalevsky, Andrey/0000-0003-4459-9142 FU Intramural Research Program of the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health (NIH); Intramural AIDS-Targeted Antiviral Program of the Office of the Director, NIH; NIH [GM062920]; Georgia State University Research Program Enhancement award in Bioinformatics; Georgia State University Molecular Basis of Disease Fellowships FX This research was supported, in whole or in part, by the Intramural Research Program of the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Intramural AIDS-Targeted Antiviral Program of the Office of the Director, NIH, and Grant GM062920 from the NIH. C.-H.S. and X.Y. were supported in part by the Georgia State University Research Program Enhancement award in Bioinformatics and by Georgia State University Molecular Basis of Disease Fellowships. NR 32 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 11 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0006-2960 J9 BIOCHEMISTRY-US JI Biochemistry PD OCT 2 PY 2012 VL 51 IS 39 BP 7726 EP 7732 DI 10.1021/bi3008092 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 013QQ UT WOS:000309320300008 PM 22963370 ER PT J AU Furst, JE Gay, TJ Machacek, J Kilkoyne, D McLaughlin, KW AF Furst, John E. Gay, T. J. Machacek, Joshua Kilkoyne, David McLaughlin, Kenneth W. TI Orientation of doubly excited states in N-2 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID VACUUM-ULTRAVIOLET; PHOTODISSOCIATION; POLARIZATION; N2; PHOTOIONIZATION; PHOTOFRAGMENTS; FLUORESCENCE; NITROGEN; REGION; LIGHT AB We have measured the total fluorescent intensity and circular polarization of light emitted in 3p P-4(o) -> 3s P-4 transitions of excited neutral nitrogen atoms created by the photofragmentation of the N-2 molecule with circularly polarized light having energies between 21 and 26 eV. The intensity measurements show the effect of predissociation of the N-2 Rydberg series R(C) (1)Sigma(+)(u) states by non-Rydberg doubly excited resonances (NRDERs), while nonzero values of circular polarization allow us to unambiguously identify the presence of a directly excited NRDER with (1)Pi(u) symmetry in this energy range. C1 [Furst, John E.] Univ Newcastle, Sch Math & Phys Sci, Ourimbah, NSW 2258, Australia. [Gay, T. J.; Machacek, Joshua] Univ Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA. [Kilkoyne, David] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [McLaughlin, Kenneth W.] Loras Coll, Dept Phys & Engn, Dubuque, IA 52001 USA. RP Furst, JE (reprint author), Univ Newcastle, Sch Math & Phys Sci, Ourimbah, NSW 2258, Australia. RI Machacek, Joshua/A-5316-2011; Furst, John/D-2335-2009 OI Furst, John/0000-0001-7506-3733 FU DOE through the use of the ALS; US NSF [PHY-0653379, PHY-0821385]; Access to Major Research Facilities program; Commonwealth of Australia under the International Science Linkages program FX Discussions with Alberto Beswick are gratefully acknowledged. This work was funded by the DOE through the use of the ALS, and the US NSF through Grants No. PHY-0653379 and No. PHY-0821385. Travel for J.E.F. was funded by the Access to Major Research Facilities program which is supported by the Commonwealth of Australia under the International Science Linkages program. NR 34 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9926 EI 2469-9934 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD OCT 2 PY 2012 VL 86 IS 4 AR 041401 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.86.041401 PG 5 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA 014OD UT WOS:000309384500001 ER PT J AU He, Q Arenholz, E Scholl, A Chu, YH Ramesh, R AF He, Q. Arenholz, E. Scholl, A. Chu, Y. -H. Ramesh, R. TI Nanoscale characterization of emergent phenomena in multiferroics SO CURRENT OPINION IN SOLID STATE & MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Review DE Multiferroics; Magnetoelectrics; Photoemission electron microscope ID RAY MAGNETIC DICHROISM; BIFEO3 THIN-FILMS; X-RAY; ROOM-TEMPERATURE; ANTIFERROMAGNETIC DOMAINS; EXCHANGE BIAS; FERROELECTRICITY; POLARIZATION; NANOSTRUCTURES; PHASE AB Multiferroics exhibit intriguing physical properties and in turn promise new device applications as a result of the coupling between their order parameters. In this review article, we introduce photoemission electron microscopy (PEEM) as a powerful tool to study multiferroicity with the capability of probing the charge, spin and orbital states of a material simultaneously with nanoscale spatial resolution and element sensitivity. Several systematical studies of ferroelectricity, antiferromagnetism, and multiferroicity using PEEM are discussed. In the end, we outline several challenges remaining in multiferroic research, and how PEEM can be employed as an important characterization tool providing critical information to understand the emergent phenomena in multiferroics. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [He, Q.; Arenholz, E.; Scholl, A.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Adv Light Source, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Chu, Y. -H.; Ramesh, R.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Chu, Y. -H.] Natl Chiao Tung Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan. [Ramesh, R.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP He, Q (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Adv Light Source, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM qhe@lbl.gov RI Ying-Hao, Chu/A-4204-2008; He, Qing/E-3202-2010 OI Ying-Hao, Chu/0000-0002-3435-9084; FU Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Science Division of the US Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; ONR-MURI [E21-6RU-G4]; Western Institute of Nanoelectronics; Intel; Office of Naval Research (through a MURI); National Science Foundation FX The authors acknowledge the support of the Director, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Science Division of the US Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231 and previous contracts, ONR-MURI under Grant No. E21-6RU-G4 and previous contracts, and the Western Institute of Nanoelectronics program as well as significant intellectual and financial support from scientists and engineers at Intel. Over the past 8-10 years, R.R. has also benefitted significantly through funding from the Office of Naval Research (through a MURI program from 2003-2008) as well as funding from the National Science Foundation during his tenure at the University of Maryland, College Park. NR 74 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 6 U2 78 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-0286 J9 CURR OPIN SOLID ST M JI Curr. Opin. Solid State Mat. Sci. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 16 IS 5 SI SI BP 216 EP 226 DI 10.1016/j.cossms.2012.03.006 PG 11 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA 198QX UT WOS:000322938500002 ER PT J AU Bosco, N Sweet, C Ludowise, M Kurtz, S AF Bosco, Nick Sweet, Cassi Ludowise, Mike Kurtz, Sarah TI An Infant Mortality Study of III-V Multijunction Concentrator Cells SO IEEE JOURNAL OF PHOTOVOLTAICS LA English DT Article DE Materials reliability; photovoltaic cells AB Six hundred and forty III-V triple-junction solar cells were evaluated in this study. The cells were initially electrically and optically characterized prior to being packaged and placed on-sun for a short exposure. Following exposure, the cells were partitioned according to their performance change. An infant mortality rate of 0.5% was observed and attributed to preexisting voids in the die attach that promoted thermal runaway. All other cells that significantly degraded following exposure were initially measured with shunt currents >100mA at 1.5V; therefore, a similar limit would serve as an appropriate screening current and only reduce yield by similar to 1.5%. While many cells both above and below this shunt current limit exhibited artifacts in their electroluminescence (EL) emission, it was not found to predict subsequent performance. The current investigation, however, focused on detecting a short-term degradation and did not evaluate how artifacts in the EL emission or a short-term change in shunt current may correlate with other wear out mechanisms. C1 [Bosco, Nick; Sweet, Cassi; Kurtz, Sarah] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Ludowise, Mike] SolFocus, San Jose, CA 95112 USA. RP Bosco, N (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. EM nick.bosco@nrel.gov; phil_ajar@yahoo.com; mike_ludowise@ieee.org; Sarah.Kurtz@nrel.gov NR 10 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 9 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 2156-3381 J9 IEEE J PHOTOVOLT JI IEEE J. Photovolt. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 2 IS 4 BP 411 EP 416 DI 10.1109/JPHOTOV.2012.2199082 PG 6 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Physics GA 137IG UT WOS:000318428400002 ER PT J AU Steiner, MA Kurtz, SR Geisz, JF McMahon, WE Olson, JM AF Steiner, Myles A. Kurtz, Sarah R. Geisz, John F. McMahon, William E. Olson, Jerry M. TI Using Phase Effects to Understand Measurements of the Quantum Efficiency and Related Luminescent Coupling in a Multijunction Solar Cell SO IEEE JOURNAL OF PHOTOVOLTAICS LA English DT Article DE Complex impedance; luminescent coupling; multijunction solar cell; phase shift; quantum efficiency (QE); radiative coupling ID MEASUREMENT ARTIFACTS AB We analyze the quantum efficiency measurement of a series-connected multijunction solar cell by modeling the cell as an ac resistive-capacitive circuit and studying the complex current as a function of the light biasing. The photocurrent induced by directly absorbed photons is modeled as an independent current source, whereas the luminescent coupling current from higher bandgap to lower bandgap subcells is modeled as a dependent current source in the bottom subcell. We derive expressions for the equivalent impedance and the complex current in measurements of the top and bottom subcells of a two-junction device. High light biasing of the nonlimiting cell drives the magnitude and phase shift of the current toward well-defined limits, but insufficient light biasing yields a composite response that is not fully characteristic of either subcell. We recommend that the experimenter always monitor the phase shift of the signal for signs of insufficient light biasing, and to help identify genuine luminescent coupling effects. C1 [Steiner, Myles A.; Kurtz, Sarah R.; Geisz, John F.; McMahon, William E.; Olson, Jerry M.] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Steiner, MA (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. EM myles.steiner@nrel.gov; sarah.kurtz@nrel.gov; john.geisz@nrel.gov; bill.mcmahon@nrel.gov; jerry.olson@nrel.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC36-08GO28308]; National Renewable Energy Laboratory FX Manuscript received February 22, 2012; revised May 15, 2012; accepted June 18, 2012. Date of publication July 26, 2012; date of current version September 18, 2012. This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract DE-AC36-08GO28308 with the National Renewable Energy Laboratory. NR 9 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 11 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 2156-3381 J9 IEEE J PHOTOVOLT JI IEEE J. Photovolt. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 2 IS 4 BP 424 EP 433 DI 10.1109/JPHOTOV.2012.2206566 PG 10 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Physics GA 137IG UT WOS:000318428400004 ER PT J AU Colli, A Zaaiman, WJ AF Colli, Alessandra Zaaiman, Willem J. TI Maximum-Power-Based PV Performance Validation Method: Application to Single-Axis Tracking and Fixed-Tilt c-Si Systems in the Italian Alpine Region SO IEEE JOURNAL OF PHOTOVOLTAICS LA English DT Article DE Crystalline silicon; maximum power; photovoltaic (PV) system performance; single-axis tracking ID MODULE AB This paper presents springtime monitoring results for different crystalline-silicon (c-Si) photovoltaic (PV) systems installed at the multitechnology ground-mounted PV test field at the Airport Bolzano Dolomiti (ABD) located in the Italian Alps. The system data are analyzed and discussed. The main purpose of this paper is to validate the performance evaluation through a methodology based on the effective maximum power of the PV modules. This approach could be useful when dealing, as in the present case, with commercial monitoring systems. Three different silicon-based technologies are taken into consideration: poly-crystalline silicon, high-efficiency monocrystalline silicon, and hybrid monocrystalline silicon that have been positioned both on a single-axis tracker and on fixed 30 degrees-tilted supports. The systems are connected to different types of inverter, through which the power monitoring is performed. The assessment shows indicators, such as final yield and performance ratio, for both tracked and fixed-tilt systems. The PV systems are evaluated in relation to irradiance data registered by two identical c-Si reference devices positioned on the tracker and on the fixed supports. Results show that an average difference of +/- 14 W exists between the module's label and the actual peak power. This difference is in line with the power tolerance declared by manufacturers. The maximum-power-based PV performance validation method could initially highlight cases in which a faulty module hides in the system, having the potential for application in fault detection and reliability analysis, followed by more specific evaluations. C1 [Colli, Alessandra] Inst Renewable Energy, EURAC Res, I-39100 Bolzano, Italy. [Zaaiman, Willem J.] Inst Energy & Transport, Renewable Energy Unit, EC Joint Res Ctr, I-21027 Ispra, Italy. RP Colli, A (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM alessandra.colli@gmail.com; willem.zaaiman@jrc.ec.europa.eu FU European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) FX The authors would like to thank the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) for cofinancing the PV ABD project, the management of the ABD, and M. Marinotto for supporting our technical activities at the ABD site. NR 12 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 6 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 2156-3381 J9 IEEE J PHOTOVOLT JI IEEE J. Photovolt. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 2 IS 4 BP 555 EP 563 DI 10.1109/JPHOTOV.2012.2203794 PG 9 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Physics GA 137IG UT WOS:000318428400021 ER PT J AU Reyes, R Mandelbaum, R Gunn, JE Nakajima, R Seljak, U Hirata, CM AF Reyes, R. Mandelbaum, R. Gunn, J. E. Nakajima, R. Seljak, U. Hirata, C. M. TI Optical-to-virial velocity ratios of local disc galaxies from combined kinematics and galaxy-galaxy lensing SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE gravitational lensing: weak; galaxies: kinematics and dynamics; galaxies: spiral ID DIGITAL SKY SURVEY; DARK-MATTER HALOES; SPECTROSCOPIC TARGET SELECTION; OBSERVATIONS COSMOLOGICAL INTERPRETATION; STELLAR MASS FUNCTIONS; TULLY-FISHER RELATION; LARGE-SCALE STRUCTURE; DATA RELEASE; SPIRAL GALAXIES; IRREGULAR GALAXIES AB In this paper, we measure the optical-to-virial velocity ratios V-opt/V-200c of disc galaxies in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) at a mean redshift of < z > = 0.07 and with stellar masses 10(9) < M-* < 10(11) M-circle dot. V-opt/V-200c, the ratio of the circular velocity measured at the optical radius of the disc (similar to 10 kpc) to that at the virial radius of the dark matter halo (similar to 150 kpc), is a powerful observational constraint on disc galaxy formation. It links galaxies to their dark matter haloes dynamically and constrains the total mass profile of disc galaxies over an order of magnitude in length scale. For this measurement, we combine V-opt derived from the Tully-Fisher relation (TFR) from Reyes et al. with V-200c derived from halo masses measured with galaxy-galaxy lensing. In anticipation of this combination, we use similarly selected galaxy samples for both the TFR and lensing analysis. For three M-* bins with lensing-weighted mean stellar masses of 0.6, 2.7 and 6.5 x 10(10) M-circle dot, we find halo-to-stellar mass ratios M-200c/M-* = 41, 23 and 26, with 1 sigma statistical uncertainties of around 0.1 dex, and V-opt/V-200c = 1.27 +/- 0.08, 1.39 +/- 0.06 and 1.27 +/- 0.08 (1 sigma), respectively. Our results suggest that the dark matter and baryonic contributions to the mass within the optical radius are comparable, if the dark matter halo profile has not been significantly modified by baryons. The results obtained in this work will serve as inputs to and constraints on disc galaxy formation models, which will be explored in future work. Finally, we note that this paper presents a new and improved galaxy shape catalogue for weak lensing that covers the full SDSS Data Release 7 footprint. C1 [Reyes, R.; Mandelbaum, R.; Gunn, J. E.] Princeton Univ, Peyton Hall Observ, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Reyes, R.] Univ Chicago, Kavli Inst Cosmol Phys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Reyes, R.] Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Mandelbaum, R.] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Phys, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. [Nakajima, R.] Univ Bonn, Argelander Inst Astron, D-53121 Bonn, Germany. [Nakajima, R.; Seljak, U.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Space Sci Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Nakajima, R.; Seljak, U.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Astron, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Nakajima, R.; Seljak, U.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Nakajima, R.; Seljak, U.] Ewha Womans Univ, Inst Early Universe, Seoul 120750, South Korea. [Seljak, U.] Univ Zurich, Inst Theoret Phys, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland. [Hirata, C. M.] CALTECH, Dept Astron, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. RP Reyes, R (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Peyton Hall Observ, Peyton Hall, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. EM rreyes@kicp.uchicago.edu RI Mandelbaum, Rachel/N-8955-2014 OI Mandelbaum, Rachel/0000-0003-2271-1527 FU US Department of Energy [DE-FG03-02-ER40701]; David & Lucile Packard Foundation; Alfred P. Sloan Foundation; National Science Foundation; US Department of Energy; National Aeronautics and Space Administration; Japanese Monbukagakusho; Max Planck Society; Higher Education Funding Council for England; American Museum of Natural History; Astrophysical Institute Potsdam; University of Basel; Cambridge University; Case Western Reserve University; University of Chicago; Drexel University; Fermilab; Institute for Advanced Study; Japan Participation Group; Johns Hopkins University; Joint Institute for Nuclear Astrophysics; Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology; Korean Scientist Group; Chinese Academy of Sciences (LAMOST); Los Alamos National Laboratory; Max-Planck-Institute for Astronomy (MPIA); Max-Planck-Institute for Astrophysics (MPA); New Mexico State University; Ohio State University; University of Pittsburgh; University of Portsmouth; Princeton University; United States Naval Observatory; University of Washington FX We thank Michael Strauss, David Weinberg and David Spergel for their comments on this work. CMH is supported by the US Department of Energy under contract DE-FG03-02-ER40701 and the David & Lucile Packard Foundation.; Funding for the SDSS and SDSS-II has been provided by the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, the Participating Institutions, the National Science Foundation, the US Department of Energy, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, the Japanese Monbukagakusho, the Max Planck Society and the Higher Education Funding Council for England. The SDSS is managed by the Astrophysical Research Consortium for the Participating Institutions. The Participating Institutions are the American Museum of Natural History, Astrophysical Institute Potsdam, University of Basel, Cambridge University, Case Western Reserve University, University of Chicago, Drexel University, Fermilab, the Institute for Advanced Study, the Japan Participation Group, Johns Hopkins University, the Joint Institute for Nuclear Astrophysics, the Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, the Korean Scientist Group, the Chinese Academy of Sciences (LAMOST), Los Alamos National Laboratory, the Max-Planck-Institute for Astronomy (MPIA), the Max-Planck-Institute for Astrophysics (MPA), New Mexico State University, Ohio State University, University of Pittsburgh, University of Portsmouth, Princeton University, the United States Naval Observatory and the University of Washington. NR 115 TC 50 Z9 50 U1 0 U2 3 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0035-8711 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 425 IS 4 BP 2610 EP 2640 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2966.2012.21472.x PG 31 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 135EN UT WOS:000318270500003 ER PT J AU Agarwal, B Khochfar, S Johnson, JL Neistein, E Dalla Vecchia, C Livio, M AF Agarwal, Bhaskar Khochfar, Sadegh Johnson, Jarrett L. Neistein, Eyal Dalla Vecchia, Claudio Livio, Mario TI Ubiquitous seeding of supermassive black holes by direct collapse SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE methods: numerical; cosmology: theory; early Universe ID STAR-FORMING GALAXIES; POPULATION-III STARS; 1ST COSMOLOGICAL OBJECTS; ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; DARK-MATTER HALOES; HIGH-REDSHIFT; EARLY UNIVERSE; RADIATIVE FEEDBACK; VIRIAL TEMPERATURES; 3-DIMENSIONAL SIMULATIONS AB We study for the first time the environment of massive black hole (BH) seeds (similar to 10(4-5) M-circle dot) formed via the direct collapse of pristine gas clouds in massive haloes (>= 10(7) M-circle dot) at z > 6. Our model is based on the evolution of dark matter haloes within a cosmological N-body simulation, combined with prescriptions for the formation of BH along with both Population III (Pop III) and Population II (Pop II) stars. We calculate the spatially varying intensity of Lyman-Werner (LW) radiation from stars and identify the massive pristine haloes in which it is high enough to shut down molecular hydrogen cooling. In contrast to previous BH seeding models with a spatially constant LW background, we find that the intensity of LW radiation due to local sources, J(local), can be up to similar to 10(6) times the spatially averaged background in the simulated volume and exceeds the critical value, J(crit), for the complete suppression of molecular cooling, in some cases by four orders of magnitude. Even after accounting for possible metal pollution in a halo from previous episodes of star formation, we find a steady rise in the formation rate of direct collapse BHs (DCBHs) with decreasing redshift from 10(-3) Mpc(-3) z(-1) at z = 12 to 10(-2) Mpc(-3) z(-1) at z = 6. The onset of Pop II star formation at z approximate to 16 simultaneously marks the onset of the epoch of DCBH formation, as the increased level of LW radiation from Pop II stars is able to elevate the local levels of the LW intensity to J(local) > J(crit), while Pop III stars fail to do so at any time. The number density of DCBHs is sensitive to the number of LW photons and can vary by over an order of magnitude at z = 7 after accounting for reionization feedback. Haloes hosting DCBHs are more clustered than similar massive counterparts that do not host DCBHs, especially at redshifts z greater than or similar to 10. Also, the DCBHs that form at z > 10 are found to reside in highly clustered regions, whereas the DCBHs formed around z similar to 6 are more common. We also show that planned surveys with James Webb Space Telescope should be able to detect the supermassive stellar precursors of DCBHs. C1 [Agarwal, Bhaskar; Khochfar, Sadegh; Johnson, Jarrett L.; Neistein, Eyal; Dalla Vecchia, Claudio] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, Theoret Modeling Cosm Struct Grp, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Johnson, Jarrett L.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Astrophys & Cosmol Grp T 2, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Livio, Mario] Space Telescope Sci Inst, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. RP Agarwal, B (reprint author), Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, Theoret Modeling Cosm Struct Grp, Giessenbachstr, D-85748 Garching, Germany. EM agarwalb@mpe.mpg.de OI Dalla Vecchia, Claudio/0000-0002-2620-7056 FU US Department of Energy through the LANL/LDRD Program; Royal Society [JP0869822]; DFG Cluster of Excellence OOrigin and Structure of the Universe; Marie Curie Reintegration Grant [FP7-RG-256573] FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the anonymous referee for her/his useful comments. The authors would like to thank Volker Springel for allowing them to use GADGET and SUBFIND. The authors gratefully acknowledge Priyamvada Natarajan for her very valuable comments during the final stages of the paper. BA acknowledges the useful discussions with Stefanie Phleps during the early stages of the work. BA would like to thank Umberto Maio, Fabrice Durier and the TMoX group at the MPE for the constructive criticism. The authors are grateful to the support staff of the SFC supercomputer cluster at the Rechenzentrum Garching of the Max Planck Society, on which the simulations presented here were carried out. JLJ gratefully acknowledges the support of the US Department of Energy through the LANL/LDRD Program for this work. SK acknowledges support from the the Royal Society Joint Projects Grant JP0869822. This work acknowledges support from the DFG Cluster of Excellence OOrigin and Structure of the Universe. CDV acknowledges the support from the Marie Curie Reintegration Grant FP7-RG-256573. NR 112 TC 92 Z9 92 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0035-8711 EI 1365-2966 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 425 IS 4 BP 2854 EP 2871 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2966.2012.21651.x PG 18 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 135EN UT WOS:000318270500020 ER PT J AU Minh, DL Minh, DDL Nguyen, AL AF Minh, Do Le (Paul) Minh, David D. L. Nguyen, Andrew L. TI Regenerative Markov Chain Monte Carlo for Any Distribution SO COMMUNICATIONS IN STATISTICS-SIMULATION AND COMPUTATION LA English DT Article DE Markov chain Monte Carlo; Regenerative; Simulation ID SIMULATION; CONVERGENCE; RATES AB While Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) methods are frequently used for difficult calculations in a wide range of scientific disciplines, they suffer from a serious limitation: their samples are not independent and identically distributed. Consequently, estimates of expectations are biased if the initial value of the chain is not drawn from the target distribution. Regenerative simulation provides an elegant solution to this problem. In this article, we propose a simple regenerative MCMC algorithm to generate variates for any distribution. C1 [Minh, Do Le (Paul)] Calif State Univ Fullerton, Dept ISDS, Fullerton, CA 92831 USA. [Minh, David D. L.] Argonne Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Nguyen, Andrew L.] Calif State Univ Fullerton, Dept Math, Fullerton, CA 92831 USA. RP Minh, DL (reprint author), Calif State Univ Fullerton, Dept ISDS, Fullerton, CA 92831 USA. EM dminh@fullerton.edu RI Minh, David/A-4655-2009 OI Minh, David/0000-0002-4802-2618 NR 25 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 4 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0361-0918 EI 1532-4141 J9 COMMUN STAT-SIMUL C JI Commun. Stat.-Simul. Comput. PD OCT 1 PY 2012 VL 41 IS 9 BP 1745 EP 1760 DI 10.1080/03610918.2011.615433 PG 16 WC Statistics & Probability SC Mathematics GA 093WQ UT WOS:000315224200016 ER PT J AU Thompson, DG Deluca, R Brown, GW AF Thompson, Darla Graff Deluca, Racci Brown, Geoff W. TI Time-Temperature Analysis, Tension and Compression in PBXs SO JOURNAL OF ENERGETIC MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE DMA; mechanical properties; PBX 9501; PBX 9502; SHPB ID PLASTIC BONDED EXPLOSIVES; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; MODEL; COMPOSITE AB Time-temperature principles are applied to a wide range of mechanical properties data for two highly-filled polymer composites. Compressive and tensile properties were measured for plastic-bonded explosives (PBX) 9501 and 9502, spanning a wide range of strain rates and temperatures. Stress-strain parameters were determined and carried forward in a time-temperature analysis. For PBX 9501, best-fit constants were -8.0 and -10.0 K per decade of strain rate, for compression and tension, respectively. For PBX 9502, the best-fit constant for all data was -8.0 K/rate decade. Dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) data for both formulations adhere to the same or similar time-temperature shift factors. C1 [Thompson, Darla Graff; Deluca, Racci; Brown, Geoff W.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Thompson, DG (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, WX 7,MS C920,POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM dkgraff@lanl.gov FU LANL Campaign 8 (Enhanced Surveillance); DOE/NNSA [DE-AC52-06NA25396] FX Funding for this work was provided by LANL Campaign 8 (Enhanced Surveillance) under direction of Sheldon Larson and Thomas Zocco. DMA data were obtained by Mary S. Campbell. LANL is operated by LANS, LLC, under DOE/NNSA contract DE-AC52-06NA25396. NR 35 TC 5 Z9 8 U1 3 U2 30 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0737-0652 J9 J ENERG MATER JI J. Energ. Mater. PD OCT 1 PY 2012 VL 30 IS 4 BP 299 EP 323 DI 10.1080/07370652.2011.569831 PG 25 WC Chemistry, Applied; Chemistry, Physical; Engineering, Chemical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Engineering; Materials Science GA 093VR UT WOS:000315221500002 ER PT J AU Chaudhuri, A Osterhoudt, CF Sinha, DN AF Chaudhuri, Anirban Osterhoudt, Curtis F. Sinha, Dipen N. TI An Algorithm for Determining Volume Fractions in Two-Phase Liquid Flows by Measuring Sound Speed SO JOURNAL OF FLUIDS ENGINEERING-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Article ID ULTRASONIC TECHNIQUE; SEPARATION DYNAMICS; OIL; ATTENUATION; EMULSIONS; SUSPENSIONS; CAPACITANCE; SENSOR; PROBE AB This paper presents a method of determining the volume fractions of two liquid components in a two-phase flow by measuring the speed of sound through the composite fluid and the instantaneous temperature. Two separate algorithms are developed, based on earlier modeling work by Urick (Urick, 1947, "A Sound Velocity Method for Determining the Compressibility of Finely Divided Substances," J. Appl. Phys., 18(11), pp. 983-987) and Kuster and Toksoumlz (Kuster and Toksoumlz, 1974, "Velocity and Attenuation of Seismic Waves in Two-Phase Media: Part 1. Theoretical Formulations," Geophysics, 39(5), pp. 587-606). The main difference between these two models is the representation of the composite density as a function of the individual densities; the former uses a linear rule-of-mixtures approach, while the latter uses a nonlinear fractional formulation. Both approaches lead to a quadratic equation, the root of which yields the volume fraction (phi) of one component, subject to the condition 0 <=phi <= 1. We present results of a study with mixtures of crude oil and process water, and a comparison of our results with a Coriolis meter. The liquid densities and sound speeds are calibrated at various temperatures for each fluid component, and the coefficients are used in the final algorithm. Numerical studies of sensitivity of the calculated volume fraction to temperature changes are also presented. [DOI: 10.1115/1.4007265] C1 [Chaudhuri, Anirban; Osterhoudt, Curtis F.; Sinha, Dipen N.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Sensors & Elect Devices MPA 11, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Chaudhuri, A (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Sensors & Elect Devices MPA 11, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM anirban@lanl.gov; cfo@lanl.gov; sinha@lanl.gov RI Chaudhuri, Anirban/E-8192-2012; OI Sinha, Dipen/0000-0002-3606-7907 FU Chevron U.S.A. Inc. FX This work was supported by Chevron U.S.A. Inc. NR 28 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 15 PU ASME PI NEW YORK PA TWO PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA SN 0098-2202 J9 J FLUID ENG-T ASME JI J. Fluids Eng.-Trans. ASME PD OCT PY 2012 VL 134 IS 10 AR 101301 DI 10.1115/1.4007265 PG 7 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA 087KS UT WOS:000314760800008 ER PT J AU Van Weverberg, K van Lipzig, NPM Delobbe, L Vogelmann, AM AF Van Weverberg, Kwinten van Lipzig, Nicole P. M. Delobbe, Laurent Vogelmann, Andrew M. TI The role of precipitation size distributions in km-scale NWP simulations of intense precipitation: evaluation of cloud properties and surface precipitation SO QUARTERLY JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE microphysics parametrization; cloud optical thickness; satellite; radar ID NONHYDROSTATIC ATMOSPHERIC SIMULATION; BULK MICROPHYSICS SCHEME; BALTEX BRIDGE CAMPAIGNS; PREDICTION SYSTEM ARPS; PART II; MESOSCALE MODEL; CONVECTIVE STORMS; FRONTAL RAINBANDS; PARAMETERIZATION; SENSITIVITY AB We investigate the sensitivity of simulated cloud properties and surface precipitation to assumptions regarding the size distributions of the precipitating hydrometeors in a one-moment bulk microphysics scheme. Three sensitivity experiments were applied to two composites of 15 convective and 15 frontal stratiform intense precipitation events observed in a coastal midlatitude region (Belgium), which were evaluated against satellite-retrieved cloud properties and radar-rain-gauge derived surface precipitation. It is found that the cloud optical thickness distribution was well captured by all experiments, although a significant underestimation of cloudiness occurred in the convective composite. The cloud-top-pressure distribution was improved most by more realistic snow size distributions (including a temperature-dependent intercept parameter and non-spherical snow for the calculation of the slope parameter), due to increased snow depositional growth at high altitudes. Surface precipitation was far less sensitive to whether graupel or hail was chosen as the rimed ice species, as compared to previous idealized experiments. This smaller difference in sensitivity could be explained by the stronger updraught velocities and higher freezing levels in the idealized experiments compared to typical coastal midlatitude environmental conditions. Copyright (C) 2012 Royal Meteorological Society C1 [Van Weverberg, Kwinten; van Lipzig, Nicole P. M.] Katholieke Univ Leuven, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, Heverlee, Belgium. [Van Weverberg, Kwinten; Vogelmann, Andrew M.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Div Atmospher Sci, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Delobbe, Laurent] Royal Netherlands Meteorol Inst, Uccle, Belgium. RP Van Weverberg, K (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Div Atmospher Sci, Brookhaven Natl Lab Bldg 490-D, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM kvweverberg@bnl.gov RI Vogelmann, Andrew/M-8779-2014 OI Vogelmann, Andrew/0000-0003-1918-5423 FU Flemish Fund for Scientific Research (FWO-Vlaanderen); US Department of Energy's Atmospheric Science Program Atmospheric System Research, an Office of Science Office of Biological and Environmental Research program [DE-AC02-98CH10886]; Climate System Modeling (ESM) via the FASTER project FX This research was carried out in the framework of the QUEST-B project, funded by the Flemish Fund for Scientific Research (FWO-Vlaanderen). We would like to acknowledge the Center for Analysis and Prediction of Storms (CAPS) of Oklahoma University for providing the ARPS source code online, and the Deutscher Wetterdienst (DWD) for providing the Satellite Application Facility on Climate Monitoring (CM-SAF) satellite-derived cloud properties. We are also grateful to the European Environment Agency for making available the CORINE land cover data, the US Geological Survey for the GTOPO30 terrain-height dataset, the Deutsches Zentrum fur Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR) for the processed AVHRR imagery for sea-surface temperature, and the Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO) for the SPOT vegetation NDVI imagery. This research is conducted utilising high-performance computational resources provided by the Earth System Modeling Program via the FASTER-project (http://www.bnl.gov/esm) and the University of Leuven (http://ludit.kuleuven.be/hpc). Additional support for this project was provided by the US Department of Energy's Atmospheric Science Program Atmospheric System Research, an Office of Science Office of Biological and Environmental Research program, under contract DE-AC02-98CH10886, and the Climate System Modeling (ESM) via the FASTER project. NR 56 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 15 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0035-9009 J9 Q J ROY METEOR SOC JI Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 138 IS 669 BP 2163 EP 2181 DI 10.1002/qj.1933 PN B PG 19 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 083YV UT WOS:000314503700017 ER PT J AU Shantz, NC Gultepe, I Liu, PSK Earle, ME Zelenyuk, A AF Shantz, N. C. Gultepe, I. Liu, P. S. K. Earle, M. E. Zelenyuk, A. TI Spatial and temporal variability of aerosol particles in Arctic spring SO QUARTERLY JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE Arctic aerosol number concentration; aerosol variability; biomass burning ID CLOUD CONDENSATION NUCLEI; IN-SITU; LIDAR MEASUREMENTS; CLIMATE MODEL; APRIL 1998; AIRBORNE; HAZE; POLLUTION; FIRE.ACE; SUMMER AB The objective of this work is to investigate the variability in the aerosol particle number concentration in Arctic spring. The Indirect and Semi-Direct Aerosol Campaign (ISDAC) was conducted during April 2008 in the vicinities of Fairbanks and Barrow, Alaska. Aircraft-based measurements of total aerosol particle number concentration (N-a) in the size range of 0.12-3 mu m diameter were obtained using a passive cavity aerosol spectrometer probe (PCASP-100X). The analysis considers N-a during cloud-free periods in biomass burning (BB) and non-BB aerosol loading scenarios, the latter including background cases and cases with elevated concentration in layers. The BB cases had air masses originating mainly from Russian and Asian forest and crop fires, whereas the non-BB cases originated predominantly from Arctic or oceanic regions. The average N-a for all non-BB cases was 127 cm(-3), while that for all BB cases was N-a = 720 cm(-3). These estimates do not, however, capture the details of aerosol particle layers encountered during most flights. Variability in N-a was considered for constant altitude (horizontal) flight legs ranging from 50 to 650 km in length, as well as for vertical flight profiles up to 7 km above sea level. When aerosol particle layers were encountered, N-a rapidly increased from 20 to 550 cm(-3), and reached up to 2200 cm(-3) within air masses dominated by BB plumes. The observed variability in N-a may have important implications for estimating cloud microphysical properties as well as estimates of particle properties used in global climate model simulations, because averaging over large space- or time-scales may not represent real atmospheric conditions. The analysis demonstrates the difficulty in interpreting average aerosol particle characteristics along longer flight legs, particularly during cases with higher particle loading that varies over shorter distance scales and time periods. Copyright (C) 2012 Royal Meteorological Society and Crown in the right of Canada. C1 [Shantz, N. C.; Gultepe, I.; Liu, P. S. K.; Earle, M. E.] Environm Canada, Cloud Phys & Severe Weather Sect, Toronto, ON M3H 5T4, Canada. [Zelenyuk, A.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Gultepe, I (reprint author), Environm Canada, Cloud Phys & Severe Weather Sect, 4905 Dufferin St, Toronto, ON M3H 5T4, Canada. EM ismail.gultepe@ec.gc.ca FU Office of Biological and Environmental Research of the US Department of Energy [DE-FG02-08ER64554]; DOE Atmospheric Sciences Program (ASP); Environment Canada; US DOE, Office of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research, Climate and Environmental Sciences Division; European COST [722] FX Thanks to Greg McFarquhar, Steve Ghan, Walter Strapp, Alexei Korolev, W. Richard Leaitch, Anne Marie Macdonald, Mohammed Wasey, Rob Reed, Mark Couture, Stewart Cober and the National Research Council of Canada (NRC) piloting and technical staff. The authors gratefully acknowledge the NOAA Air Resources Laboratory for the provision of the HYSPLIT transport and dispersion model and/or READY website (http://www.arl.noaa.gov/ready.html) used in this publication. Funding for this work was provided by the Office of Biological and Environmental Research of the US Department of Energy (Grant No. DE-FG02-08ER64554) through the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) program and the ARM Aerial Vehicle Program with contributions from the DOE Atmospheric Sciences Program (ASP) and Environment Canada. Data were obtained from the ARM program archive, sponsored by the US DOE, Office of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research, Climate and Environmental Sciences Division. Some additional funding was also provided by the European COST-722 fog initiative project office. Thanks also to two anonymous reviewers for helpful comments that improved this manuscript. NR 32 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 33 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0035-9009 J9 Q J ROY METEOR SOC JI Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 138 IS 669 BP 2229 EP 2240 DI 10.1002/qj.1940 PN B PG 12 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 083YV UT WOS:000314503700021 ER PT J AU Lei, HC Wang, KF Hu, RW Ryu, H Abeykoon, M Bozin, ES Petrovic, C AF Lei, Hechang Wang, Kefeng Hu, Rongwei Ryu, Hyejin Abeykoon, Milinda Bozin, Emil S. Petrovic, Cedomir TI Iron chalcogenide superconductors at high magnetic fields SO SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY OF ADVANCED MATERIALS LA English DT Review DE iron chalcogenide superconductors; upper critical fields; vortex physics; critical current density ID HIGH-TEMPERATURE SUPERCONDUCTORS; LAYERED SUPERCONDUCTOR; GRAIN-BOUNDARIES; SINGLE-CRYSTAL; THIN-FILMS; LIFEAS; ORDER; ANISOTROPY; SELENIDE; STATE AB Iron chalcogenide superconductors have become one of the most investigated superconducting materials in recent years due to high upper critical fields, competing interactions and complex electronic and magnetic phase diagrams. The structural complexity, defects and atomic site occupancies significantly affect the normal and superconducting states in these compounds. In this work we review the vortex behavior, critical current density and high magnetic field pair-breaking mechanism in iron chalcogenide superconductors. We also point to relevant structural features and normal-state properties. C1 [Lei, Hechang; Wang, Kefeng; Hu, Rongwei; Ryu, Hyejin; Abeykoon, Milinda; Bozin, Emil S.; Petrovic, Cedomir] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Phys & Mat Sci Dept, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Ryu, Hyejin; Petrovic, Cedomir] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. RP Lei, HC (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Phys & Mat Sci Dept, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM hlei@bnl.gov; petrovic@bnl.gov RI Wang, Kefeng/E-7683-2011; Petrovic, Cedomir/A-8789-2009; LEI, Hechang/H-3278-2016 OI Wang, Kefeng/0000-0002-8449-9720; Petrovic, Cedomir/0000-0001-6063-1881; FU US Department of Energy by Brookhaven Science Associates [DE-Ac02-98CH10886]; US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences as part of the Energy Frontier Research Center (EFRC), Center for Emergent Superconductivity (CES); NSF [DMR-0084173]; State of Florida; US Department of Energy FX We thank T P Murphy, E S Choi, D Graf and S W Tozer for useful discussions and experiment support at NHMFL and J B Warren for help with scanning electron microscopy measurement at Brookhaven Nation Laboratory. This work was carried out at the Brookhaven National Laboratory, which is operated for the US Department of Energy by Brookhaven Science Associates DE-Ac02-98CH10886. This work was in part supported by the US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences as part of the Energy Frontier Research Center (EFRC), Center for Emergent Superconductivity (CES) (HL and CP). A portion of this work was performed at the National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, which is supported by NSF Cooperative Agreement no DMR-0084173, by the State of Florida, and by the US Department of Energy. NR 151 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 4 U2 62 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1468-6996 EI 1878-5514 J9 SCI TECHNOL ADV MAT JI Sci. Technol. Adv. Mater. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 13 IS 5 AR 054305 DI 10.1088/1468-6996/13/5/054305 PG 23 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 082WW UT WOS:000314425100009 PM 27877518 ER PT J AU Singh, DJ AF Singh, David Joseph TI Superconductivity and magnetism in 11-structure iron chalcogenides in relation to the iron pnictides SO SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY OF ADVANCED MATERIALS LA English DT Review DE superconductivity; magnetism; 11-structure iron chalcogenides; iron pnictides ID HIGH-TEMPERATURE SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; LAYERED CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; PHASE-DIAGRAM; PARENT STATE; LAOFEP; FESE; FETE1-XSEX; INSULATOR; PRESSURE AB This is a review of the magnetism and superconductivity in '11'-type Fe chalcogenides, as compared to the Fe-pnictide materials. The chalcogenides show many differences from the pnictides, as might be anticipated from their very varied chemistries. These differences include stronger renormalizations that might imply stronger correlation effects as well as different magnetic ordering patterns. Nevertheless the superconducting state and mechanism for superconductivity are apparently similar for the two classes of materials. Unanswered questions and challenges to theory are emphasized. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Singh, DJ (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM singhdj@ornl.gov FU Department of Energy, Office of Science, Materials Sciences and Engineering Division FX I am grateful for helpful discussions with I I Mazin as well as many present and former colleagues at Oak Ridge National Laboratory. This work was supported by the Department of Energy, Office of Science, Materials Sciences and Engineering Division. NR 147 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 6 U2 103 PU NATL INST MATERIALS SCIENCE PI IBARAKI PA NATL INST MATERIALS SCIENCE, 1-2-1 SENGEN, TSUKUBA-CITY, IBARAKI, 305-0047, JAPAN SN 1468-6996 J9 SCI TECHNOL ADV MAT JI Sci. Technol. Adv. Mater. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 13 IS 5 AR 054304 DI 10.1088/1468-6996/13/5/054304 PG 9 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 082WW UT WOS:000314425100008 PM 27877517 ER PT J AU Gollakota, S McDonald, S AF Gollakota, Sai McDonald, Scott TI CO2 capture from ethanol production and storage into the Mt Simon Sandstone SO GREENHOUSE GASES-SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE carbon capture and storage; ethanol CO2 compression and dehydration; large-scale carbon sequestration; Mt Simon saline reservoir AB Under the Industrial Carbon Capture and Storage (ICCS) program, funded by the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act (ARRA) of 2009, the United States Department of Energy (DOE) is co-sponsoring the Archer Daniels Midland Company's (ADM's) large-scale carbon capture and storage (CCS) project in Illinois. The Office of Fossil Energy's National Energy Technology Laboratory manages this project, which receives $141.4 million in ARRA funding and another $66.5 million in private sector cost-sharing. This project, also referred to as the Illinois ICCS project, is under construction in Decatur, Illinois, and is scheduled to begin operations in 2013. The project team members are ADM, DOE, Schlumberger Carbon Services, Illinois State Geological Survey (ISGS), and Richland Community College (RCC). The Illinois ICCS project will demonstrate an integrated system for collecting up to 907 000 tonnes per year of CO2 from ADM's ethanol plant in Decatur and geologically sequestering it in the Mt Simon Sandstone, a saline reservoir. The project scope includes the design, construction, and integrated operation of CO2 compression, dehydration, and injection facilities, and monitoring, verification, and accounting of the stored CO2. Significant field work has been completed, i.e. design of the integrated CCS system, 3-D seismic survey and site characterization, and mechanical construction of the compression and dehydration facilities. This is the largest saline storage project under construction in the USA. This paper will provide an overview and benefits of the Illinois ICCS project, present the field work results, and highlight the current status and future plans. (c) 2012 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons Ltd C1 [Gollakota, Sai] US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Morgantown, WV 26507 USA. [McDonald, Scott] Archer Daniels Midland Co, Biofuels Dev, Decatur, IL USA. RP Gollakota, S (reprint author), US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Mailstop P03A-B39,POB 880,3610 Collins Ferry Rd, Morgantown, WV 26507 USA. EM sai.gollakota@netl.doe.gov FU US Department of Energy [DE-FE-0001547] FX The Industrial Carbon Capture and Storage project work reported in this paper is being performed with the support of the US Department of Energy under Award No. DE-FE-0001547. This project is administered by the DOE's Office of Fossil Energy and managed by the National Energy Technology Laboratory. The site-specific geologic information was obtained by the Illinois Basin Decatur Project and was also presented in the injection well permit applications. NR 3 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 3 U2 17 PU WILEY PERIODICALS, INC PI SAN FRANCISCO PA ONE MONTGOMERY ST, SUITE 1200, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94104 USA SN 2152-3878 J9 GREENH GASES JI Greenh. Gases PD OCT PY 2012 VL 2 IS 5 BP 346 EP 351 DI 10.1002/ghg.1305 PG 6 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 072TY UT WOS:000313697000004 ER PT J AU Giri, B Almer, JD Dong, XN Wang, XD AF Giri, Bijay Almer, Jonathan D. Dong, X. Neil Wang, Xiaodu TI In situ mechanical behavior of mineral crystals in human cortical bone under compressive load using synchrotron X-ray scattering techniques SO JOURNAL OF THE MECHANICAL BEHAVIOR OF BIOMEDICAL MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE Bone; Mineral crystals; Synchrotron; X-ray scattering; Internal stress-strain ID ELASTIC PROPERTIES; OSTEONAL BONE; DIFFRACTION; COLLAGEN; ANISOTROPY; ORIENTATION; DETERMINANTS; DEFORMATION; MICROSCOPE; RADIATION AB It is of great interest to delineate the effect of orientation distribution of mineral crystals on the bulk mechanical behavior of bone. Using a unique synergistic approach combining a progressive loading scheme and synchrotron X-ray scattering techniques, human cortical bone specimens were tested in compression to examine the in situ mechanical behavior of mineral crystals aligned in different orientations. The orientation distribution was quantitatively estimated by measuring the X-ray diffraction intensity from the (002) plane in mineral crystals. In addition, the average longitudinal (c-axis), transverse (a-axis), and shear strains of the subset of mineral crystals aligned in each orientation were determined by measuring the lattice deformation normal to three distinct crystallographic planes (i.e. 002, 310, and 213) in the crystals. The experimental results indicated that the in situ strain and stress of mineral crystals varied with orientations. The normal strain and stress in the longitudinally aligned mineral crystals were markedly greater than those in the transversely oriented crystals, whereas the shear stress reached a maximum for the crystals aligned in +/- 30 degrees with respect to the loading direction. The maximum principal strain and stress were observed in the mineral crystals oriented along the loading axis, with a similar trend observed in the maximum shear strain and stress. By examining the in situ behavior, the contribution of mineral crystals to load bearing and the bulk behavior of bone are discussed. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Giri, Bijay; Wang, Xiaodu] Univ Texas San Antonio, Dept Mech Engn, San Antonio, TX 78249 USA. [Almer, Jonathan D.] Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Dong, X. Neil] Univ Texas Tyler, Dept Hlth & Kinesiol, Tyler, TX 75799 USA. RP Wang, XD (reprint author), Univ Texas San Antonio, Dept Mech Engn, 1 UTSA Circle, San Antonio, TX 78249 USA. EM xiaodu.wang@utsa.edu FU NIH/NIAMS [1R01AR055955]; NSF/CREST [HRD-0932339]; U.S. Department of Energy (Office of Science) [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX This study was partially supported by a NIH/NIAMS Grant (1R01AR055955) and a NSF/CREST Grant (HRD-0932339). The authors are grateful to Mr. Siyuan Ding for his assistance in preparing all bone specimens. Use of the Advanced Photon Source is supported by the U.S. Department of Energy (Office of Science) under Contract no. DE-AC02-06CH11357. NR 43 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 3 U2 13 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1751-6161 J9 J MECH BEHAV BIOMED JI J. Mech. Behav. Biomed. Mater. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 14 BP 101 EP 112 DI 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2012.05.003 PG 12 WC Engineering, Biomedical; Materials Science, Biomaterials SC Engineering; Materials Science GA 073SB UT WOS:000313761700011 PM 22982959 ER PT J AU Covo, MK AF Covo, Michel Kireeff TI Upgrade of the 88-Inch Cyclotron Power Amplifier SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MICROWAVE AND WIRELESS TECHNOLOGIES LA English DT Article DE Circuit design and applications; Power amplifiers and linearizers AB The radiofrequency (RF) system of the 88-Inch Cyclotron at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory is a resonant system based on the quarter-wave cantilever-type resonating structure. Power is fed to the Dee from the anode of the 500 kW RCA 4648 tetrode tube operating in grounded cathode configuration, which is coupled to the side of the Dee stem. The tube is obsolete and makes its continued use impractical. A new final power amplifier was designed and built using the commercially available tube Eimac 4W150,000E. The new amplifier was successfully commissioned and has been reliable and easy to operate. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Covo, MK (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, 1 Cyclotron Rd,Mail Stop 88R0192, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM mkireeffcovo@lbl.gov FU Office of Federal Locations, US Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231A136] FX This work was supported by the Director, Office of Federal Locations, US Department of Energy, American Recovery and Reinvestment Act (Recovery Act) under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231A136. NR 9 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA EDINBURGH BLDG, SHAFTESBURY RD, CB2 8RU CAMBRIDGE, ENGLAND SN 1759-0787 J9 INT J MICROW WIREL T JI Int. J. Microw. Wirel. Technol. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 4 IS 5 BP 553 EP 558 DI 10.1017/S1759078712000505 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA 071XV UT WOS:000313632000009 ER PT J AU Coso, D Srinivasan, V Lu, MC Chang, JY Majumdar, A AF Coso, Dusan Srinivasan, Vinod Lu, Ming-Chang Chang, Je-Young Majumdar, Arun TI Enhanced Heat Transfer in Biporous Wicks in the Thin Liquid Film Evaporation and Boiling Regimes SO JOURNAL OF HEAT TRANSFER-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Article DE biporous wick structure; heat transfer coefficient; dryout heat flux; hot-spot; heater area; evaporation; boiling ID MENISCUS; BUBBLES AB Biporous media consisting of microscale pin fins separated by microchannels are examined as candidate structures for the evaporator wick of a vapor chamber heat pipe. The structures are fabricated out of silicon using standard lithography and etching techniques. Pores which separate microscale pin fins are used to generate high capillary suction, while larger microchannels are used to reduce overall flow resistance. The heat transfer coefficient is found to depend on the area coverage of a liquid film with thickness on the order of a few microns near the meniscus of the triple phase contact line. We manipulate the area coverage and film thickness by varying the surface area-to-volume ratio through the use of microstructuring. Experiments are conducted for a heater area of 1 cm(2) with the wick in a vertical orientation. Results are presented for structures with approximately same porosities, fixed microchannel widths w approximate to 30 mu m and w approximate to 60 mu m, and pin fin diameters ranging from d = 3-29 mu m. The competing effects of increase in surface area due to microstructuring and the suppression of evaporation due to reduction in pore scale are explored. In some samples, a transition from evaporative heat transfer to nucleate boiling is observed. While it is difficult to identify when the transition occurs, one can identify regimes where evaporation dominates over nucleate boiling and vice versa. Heat transfer coefficients of 20.7 (+/- 2.4) W/cm(2)-K are attained at heat fluxes of 119.6 (+/- 4.2) W/cm(2) until the wick dries out in the evaporation dominated regime. In the nucleate boiling dominated regime, heat fluxes of 277.0 (+/- 9.7) W/cm(2) can be dissipated by wicks with heaters of area 1 cm(2), while heat fluxes up to 733.1 (+/- 103.4) W/cm(2) can be dissipated by wicks with smaller heaters intended to simulate local hot-spots. [DOI: 10.1115/1.4006106] C1 [Coso, Dusan; Srinivasan, Vinod] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mech Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Lu, Ming-Chang] Natl Chiao Tung Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan. [Chang, Je-Young] Intel Corp, Chandler, AZ 85226 USA. [Majumdar, Arun] US DOE, Adv Res Projects Agcy Energy ARPA E, Washington, DC 20585 USA. RP Coso, D (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mech Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM Arun.Majumdar@hq.doe.gov FU University of California [Ele07-10298]; DARPA [N66001-08-2060]; Intel Corporation [20070104] FX This research was supported by the University of California Discovery Grant Ele07-10298, DARPA Grant N66001-08-2060 and Intel Corporation Grant 20070104. The authors would like to gratefully acknowledge several useful discussions with Dr. Van Carey at UC Berkeley. Test samples were prepared at the UC Berkeley Microfabrication Laboratory. Dusan Coso, Vinod Srinivasan, and Ming-Chang Lu contributed equally to this work. NR 29 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 1 U2 39 PU ASME PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA SN 0022-1481 J9 J HEAT TRANS-T ASME JI J. Heat Transf.-Trans. ASME PD OCT PY 2012 VL 134 IS 10 AR 101501 DI 10.1115/1.4006106 PG 11 WC Thermodynamics; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Engineering GA 076MC UT WOS:000313959600002 ER PT J AU Aczel, AA Granroth, GE MacDougall, GJ Buyers, WJL Abernathy, DL Samolyuk, GD Stocks, GM Nagler, SE AF Aczel, A. A. Granroth, G. E. MacDougall, G. J. Buyers, W. J. L. Abernathy, D. L. Samolyuk, G. D. Stocks, G. M. Nagler, S. E. TI Quantum oscillations of nitrogen atoms in uranium nitride SO NATURE COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article ID NEUTRON-SCATTERING; ZIRCONIUM HYDRIDE; TITANIUM HYDRIDE; LATTICE-DYNAMICS; FAST-REACTOR; HYDROGEN; PNICTIDES; FUELS; PSEUDOPOTENTIALS; CHALCOGENIDES AB The vibrational excitations of crystalline solids corresponding to acoustic or optic one-phonon modes appear as sharp features in measurements such as neutron spectroscopy. In contrast, many-phonon excitations generally produce a complicated, weak and featureless response. Here we present time-of-flight neutron scattering measurements for the binary solid uranium nitride, showing well-defined, equally spaced, high-energy vibrational modes in addition to the usual phonons. The spectrum is that of a single atom, isotropic quantum harmonic oscillator and characterizes independent motions of light nitrogen atoms, each found in an octahedral cage of heavy uranium atoms. This is an unexpected and beautiful experimental realization of one of the fundamental, exactly solvable problems in quantum mechanics. There are also practical implications, as the oscillator modes must be accounted for in the design of generation IV nuclear reactors that plan to use uranium nitride as a fuel. C1 [Aczel, A. A.; Granroth, G. E.; MacDougall, G. J.; Abernathy, D. L.; Nagler, S. E.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Neutron Sci Directorate, Quantum Condensed Matter Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Buyers, W. J. L.] CNR, Canadian Neutron Beam Ctr, Chalk River Labs, Chalk River, ON K0J 1J0, Canada. [Samolyuk, G. D.; Stocks, G. M.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Phys Sci Directorate, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Nagler, S. E.] Univ Tennessee, CIRE, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RP Aczel, AA (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Neutron Sci Directorate, Quantum Condensed Matter Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM aczelaa@ornl.gov; naglerse@ornl.gov RI Abernathy, Douglas/A-3038-2012; Nagler, Stephen/E-4908-2010; Granroth, Garrett/G-3576-2012; Aczel, Adam/A-6247-2016; BL18, ARCS/A-3000-2012; Stocks, George Malcollm/Q-1251-2016; OI Abernathy, Douglas/0000-0002-3533-003X; Nagler, Stephen/0000-0002-7234-2339; Granroth, Garrett/0000-0002-7583-8778; Aczel, Adam/0000-0003-1964-1943; Stocks, George Malcollm/0000-0002-9013-260X; MacDougall, Gregory/0000-0002-7490-9650 FU US Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences; Scientific User Facilities Division; Center for Defect Physics and Energy Frontier Research Center FX We acknowledge A.I. Kolesnikov, J. Carpenter, E. Iverson and R.J. McQueeney for useful discussions, and A. T. Savici, T. E. Sherline and M.J. Loguillo for technical support. This research was supported by the US Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences. A.A.A., G.E.G., G.J.M., D.L.A. and S.E.N. were supported by the Scientific User Facilities Division. G.D.S. and G.M.S. were supported by the Center for Defect Physics and Energy Frontier Research Center. Experiments were performed at the Spallation Neutron Source, which is sponsored by the Scientific User Facilities Division. NR 41 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 93 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 2041-1723 J9 NAT COMMUN JI Nat. Commun. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 3 AR 1124 DI 10.1038/ncomms2117 PG 7 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 070NE UT WOS:000313514100034 PM 23047682 ER PT J AU Gu, JQ Singh, R Liu, XJ Zhang, XQ Ma, YF Zhang, S Maier, SA Tian, Z Azad, AK Chen, HT Taylor, AJ Han, JG Zhang, WL AF Gu, Jianqiang Singh, Ranjan Liu, Xiaojun Zhang, Xueqian Ma, Yingfang Zhang, Shuang Maier, Stefan A. Tian, Zhen Azad, Abul K. Chen, Hou-Tong Taylor, Antoinette J. Han, Jiaguang Zhang, Weili TI Active control of electromagnetically induced transparency analogue in terahertz metamaterials SO NATURE COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article ID PLASMON-INDUCED TRANSPARENCY; FANO RESONANCES; CLASSICAL ANALOG; FREQUENCY; MODULATOR AB Recently reported metamaterial analogues of electromagnetically induced transparency enable a unique route to endow classical optical structures with aspects of quantum optical systems. This method opens up many fascinating prospects on novel optical components, such as slow light units, highly sensitive sensors and nonlinear devices. In particular, optical control of electromagnetically induced transparency in metamaterials promises essential application opportunities in optical networks and terahertz communications. Here we present active optical control of metamaterial-induced transparency through active tuning of the dark mode. By integrating photoconductive silicon into the metamaterial unit cell, a giant switching of the transparency window occurs under excitation of ultrafast optical pulses, allowing for an optically tunable group delay of the terahertz light. This work opens up the possibility for designing novel chip-scale ultrafast devices that would find utility in optical buffering and terahertz active filtering. C1 [Gu, Jianqiang; Liu, Xiaojun; Zhang, Xueqian; Ma, Yingfang; Tian, Zhen; Han, Jiaguang; Zhang, Weili] Tianjin Univ, Ctr Terahertz Waves, Tianjin 300072, Peoples R China. [Gu, Jianqiang; Liu, Xiaojun; Zhang, Xueqian; Ma, Yingfang; Tian, Zhen; Han, Jiaguang; Zhang, Weili] Tianjin Univ, Coll Precis Instrument & Optoelect Engn, Tianjin 300072, Peoples R China. [Gu, Jianqiang; Liu, Xiaojun; Zhang, Xueqian; Ma, Yingfang; Tian, Zhen; Han, Jiaguang; Zhang, Weili] Minist Educ, Key Lab Optoelect Informat & Technol, Tianjin 300072, Peoples R China. [Singh, Ranjan; Azad, Abul K.; Chen, Hou-Tong; Taylor, Antoinette J.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Integrated Nanotechnol, Mat Phys & Applicat Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Zhang, Shuang] Univ Birmingham, Sch Phys & Astron, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England. [Maier, Stefan A.] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Dept Phys, London SW7 2AZ, England. [Zhang, Weili] Oklahoma State Univ, Sch Elect & Comp Engn, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. RP Han, JG (reprint author), Tianjin Univ, Ctr Terahertz Waves, Tianjin 300072, Peoples R China. EM jiaghan@tju.edu.cn; weili.zhang@okstate.edu RI Chen, Hou-Tong/C-6860-2009; Singh, Ranjan/B-4091-2010; zhang, shuang/G-5224-2011; Zhang, Weili/C-5416-2011; Tian, Zhen/D-8707-2015; OI Chen, Hou-Tong/0000-0003-2014-7571; Singh, Ranjan/0000-0001-8068-7428; Zhang, Weili/0000-0002-8591-0200; Tian, Zhen/0000-0002-2861-4325; Azad, Abul/0000-0002-7784-7432 FU US National Science Foundation [ECCS-1232081]; National Science Foundation of China [61107053, 61138001, 61028011, 61007034]; MOE 111 Program of China [B07014]; Leverhulme Trust; EPSRC; LANL/LDRD program; Los Alamos National Security, LLC, for the National Nuclear Security Administration of the US Department of Energy [DE-AC52-06NA25396] FX This work was supported by the US National Science Foundation (grant no. ECCS-1232081), the National Science Foundation of China (grant nos. 61107053, 61138001, 61028011 and 61007034), the MOE 111 Program of China (grant no. B07014), the Leverhulme Trust and the EPSRC. It was also partially supported by the LANL/LDRD program. This work was performed, in part, at the Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, a US Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences user facility. Los Alamos Laboratory, an affirmative action equal opportunity employer, is operated by the Los Alamos National Security, LLC, for the National Nuclear Security Administration of the US Department of Energy under contract DE-AC52-06NA25396. NR 42 TC 264 Z9 271 U1 42 U2 286 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 2041-1723 J9 NAT COMMUN JI Nat. Commun. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 3 AR 1151 DI 10.1038/ncomms2153 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 070NE UT WOS:000313514100061 PM 23093188 ER PT J AU Matlis, NH Axley, A Leemans, WP AF Matlis, N. H. Axley, A. Leemans, W. P. TI Single-shot ultrafast tomographic imaging by spectral multiplexing SO NATURE COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article ID ELECTRON-ACCELERATORS; WALL AB Computed tomography has profoundly impacted science, medicine and technology by using projection measurements scanned over multiple angles to permit cross-sectional imaging of an object. The application of computed tomography to moving or dynamically varying objects, however, has been limited by the temporal resolution of the technique, which is set by the time required to complete the scan. For objects that vary on ultrafast timescales, traditional scanning methods are not an option. Here we present a non-scanning method capable of resolving structure on femtosecond timescales by using spectral multiplexing of a single laser beam to perform tomographic imaging over a continuous range of angles simultaneously. We use this technique to demonstrate the first single-shot ultrafast computed tomography reconstructions and obtain previously inaccessible structure and position information for laser-induced plasma filaments. This development enables real-time tomographic imaging for ultrafast science, and offers a potential solution to the challenging problem of imaging through scattering surfaces. C1 [Matlis, N. H.; Axley, A.; Leemans, W. P.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Matlis, NH (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM NHMatlis@lbl.gov FU Office of Science, Office of High Energy Physics, of the US Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; DARPA FX We acknowledge Fulvio Parmigiani, Anthony J. Gonsalves, Daniel Mittelberger and Thomas Sokollik for their valuable contributions. This work was supported by the Director, Office of Science, Office of High Energy Physics, of the US Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231 and by DARPA. NR 18 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 23 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 2041-1723 J9 NAT COMMUN JI Nat. Commun. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 3 AR 1111 DI 10.1038/ncomms2120 PG 8 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 070NE UT WOS:000313514100021 PM 23047669 ER PT J AU Sasaki, K Naohara, H Choi, YM Cai, Y Chen, WF Liu, P Adzic, RR AF Sasaki, Kotaro Naohara, Hideo Choi, YongMan Cai, Yun Chen, Wei-Fu Liu, Ping Adzic, Radoslav R. TI Highly stable Pt monolayer on PdAu nanoparticle electrocatalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction SO NATURE COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article ID X-RAY-ABSORPTION; FUEL-CELLS; CATALYTIC-ACTIVITY; O-2 REDUCTION; AB-INITIO; PLATINUM; ALLOY; DEPOSITION; STABILITY; PALLADIUM AB Stability is one of the main requirements for commercializing fuel cell electrocatalysts for automotive applications. Platinum is the best-known catalyst for oxygen reduction in cathodes, but it undergoes dissolution during potential changes while driving electric vehicles, thus hampering commercial adoption. Here we report a new class of highly stable, active electrocatalysts comprising platinum monolayers on palladium-gold alloy nanoparticles. In fuel-cell tests, this electrocatalyst with its ultra-low platinum content showed minimal degradation in activity over 100,000 cycles between potentials 0.6 and 1.0 V. Under more severe conditions with a potential range of 0.6-1.4 V, again we registered no marked losses in platinum and gold despite the dissolution of palladium. These data coupled with theoretical analyses demonstrated that adding a small amount of gold to palladium and forming highly uniform nanoparticle cores make the platinum monolayer electrocatalyst significantly tolerant and very promising for the automotive application of fuel cells. C1 [Sasaki, Kotaro; Choi, YongMan; Cai, Yun; Chen, Wei-Fu; Liu, Ping; Adzic, Radoslav R.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Naohara, Hideo] Toyota Motor Co Ltd, Susono 4101193, Japan. RP Sasaki, K (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Bldg 555, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM ksasaki@bnl.gov RI Chen, Wei-Fu/C-5692-2012; cai, yun/G-2689-2013; Choi, YongMan/N-3559-2014 OI Choi, YongMan/0000-0003-4276-1599 FU US Department of Energy (DOE), Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences and Biosciences Division [DE-AC02-98CH10886]; Toyota Motor Corporation; Office of Science of the US DOE [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; DOE BES [DE-FG02-03ER15688] FX This work is supported by the US Department of Energy (DOE), Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences and Biosciences Division, under the Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886, and Toyota Motor Corporation. We thank the National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center (NERSC), which is supported by the Office of Science of the US DOE under contract no. DE-AC02-05CH11231 and BNL's Center for Functional Nanomaterials (CFN) for computational time. Work at the National Synchrotron Light Source was supported by the DOE BES grant DE-FG02-03ER15688. NR 41 TC 136 Z9 137 U1 25 U2 331 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 2041-1723 J9 NAT COMMUN JI Nat. Commun. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 3 AR 1115 DI 10.1038/ncomms2124 PG 9 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 070NE UT WOS:000313514100025 PM 23047673 ER PT J AU Hanna, E Mernild, SH Cappelen, J Steffen, K AF Hanna, Edward Mernild, Sebastian H. Cappelen, John Steffen, Konrad TI Recent warming in Greenland in a long-term instrumental (1881-2012) climatic context: I. Evaluation of surface air temperature records SO ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article DE climate; global warming; Greenland; ice sheet; temperature; weather station ID ICE-SHEET; MASS-BALANCE; CLIMATOLOGY; RUNOFF AB We present an updated analysis of monthly means of daily mean, minimum and maximum surface air temperature (SAT) data from Greenland coastal weather stations and from a long-running site on the Greenland ice sheet, and analyse these data for evidence of climate change, especially focusing on the last 20 years but using the whole periods of available records (some since 1873). We demonstrate very strong recent warming along the west coast of Greenland, especially during winter (locally > 10 degrees C since 1991), and rather weaker warming on the east Greenland coast, which is influenced by different oceanographic/sea-ice and meteorological synoptic forcing conditions to the rest of Greenland. Coastal Greenland seasonal mean SAT trends were generally 2-6 degrees C, strongest in winter (5.7 degrees C) and least in summer and autumn (both 2.2 degrees C), during 1981-2011/12. Since 2001 Greenland mean coastal SAT increased significantly by 2.9 degrees C in winter and 0.8 degrees C in summer but decreased insignificantly by 1.1 degrees C in autumn and 0.2 degrees C in spring, during a period when there was little net change (<=+/- 0.1 degrees C) in northern hemisphere temperatures. SAT means for the latest 2001-11/12 decade were significantly in excess of those for peak decadal periods during the Early Twentieth Century Warm Period only in summer and winter, and not significantly greater in spring and autumn. Summer SAT increases in southern Greenland for the last 20 years were generally greater for maximum than minimum temperatures. By contrast, in winter, the recent warming was greater for minimum than maximum temperatures. The greatest SAT changes in all seasons are seen on Greenland's west coast. SAT changes on the ice sheet and a key marginal glacier closely followed nearby coastal temperatures over the last 20 years. C1 [Hanna, Edward] Univ Sheffield, Dept Geog, Sheffield S10 2TN, S Yorkshire, England. [Mernild, Sebastian H.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Climate Ocean & Sea Ice Modelling Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Cappelen, John] Danish Meteorol Inst, Copenhagen, Denmark. [Steffen, Konrad] Swiss Fed Inst WSL, Birmensdorf, Switzerland. [Steffen, Konrad] Swiss Fed Inst Technol, Inst Atmosphere & Climate, Zurich, Switzerland. [Steffen, Konrad] Ecole Polytech Fed Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland. RP Hanna, E (reprint author), Univ Sheffield, Dept Geog, Winter St, Sheffield S10 2TN, S Yorkshire, England. EM ehanna@sheffield.ac.uk RI Steffen, Konrad/C-6027-2013; Hanna, Edward/H-2219-2016 OI Steffen, Konrad/0000-0001-8658-1026; Hanna, Edward/0000-0002-8683-182X NR 31 TC 37 Z9 37 U1 1 U2 40 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1748-9326 J9 ENVIRON RES LETT JI Environ. Res. Lett. PD OCT-DEC PY 2012 VL 7 IS 4 AR 045404 DI 10.1088/1748-9326/7/4/045404 PG 15 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 059IA UT WOS:000312696400057 ER PT J AU Macknick, J Newmark, R Heath, G Hallett, KC AF Macknick, J. Newmark, R. Heath, G. Hallett, K. C. TI Operational water consumption and withdrawal factors for electricity generating technologies: a review of existing literature SO ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Review DE energy water nexus; electricity; freshwater demands ID COOLING SYSTEMS; ENERGY; POLICY; NEXUS AB This report provides estimates of operational water withdrawal and water consumption factors for electricity generating technologies in the United States. Estimates of water factors were collected from published primary literature and were not modified except for unit conversions. The water factors presented may be useful in modeling and policy analyses where reliable power plant level data are not available. Major findings of the report include: water withdrawal and consumption factors vary greatly across and within fuel technologies, and water factors show greater agreement when organized according to cooling technologies as opposed to fuel technologies; a transition to a less carbon-intensive electricity sector could result in either an increase or a decrease in water use, depending on the choice of technologies and cooling systems employed; concentrating solar power technologies and coal facilities with carbon capture and sequestration capabilities have the highest water consumption values when using a recirculating cooling system; and non-thermal renewables, such as photovoltaics and wind, have the lowest water consumption factors. Improved power plant data and further studies into the water requirements of energy technologies in different climatic regions would facilitate greater resolution in analyses of water impacts of future energy and economic scenarios. This report provides the foundation for conducting water use impact assessments of the power sector while also identifying gaps in data that could guide future research. C1 [Macknick, J.; Newmark, R.; Heath, G.; Hallett, K. C.] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Macknick, J (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. EM jordan.macknick@nrel.gov; robin.newmark@nrel.gov; garvin.heath@nrel.gov; kathleen.hallett@nrel.gov FU US Department of Energy's (DOE's) Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE); Office of Policy and International Affairs FX We gratefully acknowledge the research oversight provided by the EW3 Scientific Advisory Committee-Peter Frumhoff (Union of Concerned Scientists), George Hornberger (Vanderbilt University), Robert Jackson (Duke University), Jonathan Overpeck (University of Arizona), Brad Udall (University of Colorado Boulder, NOAA Western Water Assessment) and Michael Webber (University of Texas at Austin). Parts of this work were funded by the US Department of Energy's (DOE's) Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE) and Office of Policy and International Affairs (PI). The authors wish to thank Allan Hoffman and Diana Bauer for their support of this work. We are also indebted to the following individuals for their thoughtful comments, input and review of the document in its various stages: Kristen Averyt, Western Water Assessment (WWA) and the University of Colorado; Stacy Tellinghuisen, Western Resource Advocates; Timothy Diehl, US Geological Survey; Lynn Billman, Elaine Hale, Margaret Mann, James Meldrum, Syndi Nettles-Anderson, Walter Short and Daniel Steinberg, NREL; and Michelle Schmoker, Union of Concerned Scientists. In addition, we would like to thank the participants in the Water for Energy Workshop who provided valuable input, particularly Christina Alvord and Brad Udall, WWA and University of Colorado; Mike Hightower and Vince Tidwell, Sandia National Laboratories; Curt Brown, US Bureau of Reclamation; Margot Gerritsen, Stanford University; Eric Fournier, UC Santa Barbara; Alex Schroeder, Western Governors' Association; Ashlynn Stillwell, University of Texas Austin; Steve Clemmer and John Rogers, Union of Concerned Scientists; Andrew Wolfsberg, Los Alamos National Laboratory; and Larry Flowers, NREL. We also wish to thank Mary Lukkonen of NREL for her editorial support. NR 86 TC 36 Z9 36 U1 5 U2 64 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1748-9326 J9 ENVIRON RES LETT JI Environ. Res. Lett. PD OCT-DEC PY 2012 VL 7 IS 4 AR 045802 DI 10.1088/1748-9326/7/4/045802 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 059IA UT WOS:000312696400070 ER PT J AU Macknick, J Sattler, S Averyt, K Clemmer, S Rogers, J AF Macknick, J. Sattler, S. Averyt, K. Clemmer, S. Rogers, J. TI The water implications of generating electricity: water use across the United States based on different electricity pathways through 2050 SO ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article DE energy water nexus; electricity; freshwater demands ID POLICY AB The power sector withdraws more freshwater annually than any other sector in the US. The current portfolio of electricity generating technologies in the US has highly regionalized and technology-specific requirements for water. Water availability differs widely throughout the nation. As a result, assessments of water impacts from the power sector must have a high geographic resolution and consider regional, basin-level differences. The US electricity portfolio is expected to evolve in coming years, shaped by various policy and economic drivers on the international, national and regional level; that evolution will impact power sector water demands. Analysis of future electricity scenarios that incorporate technology options and constraints can provide useful insights about water impacts related to changes to the technology mix. Utilizing outputs from the regional energy deployment system (ReEDS) model, a national electricity sector capacity expansion model with high geographical resolution, we explore potential changes in water use by the US electric sector over the next four decades under various low carbon energy scenarios, nationally and regionally. C1 [Macknick, J.] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Sattler, S.; Clemmer, S.; Rogers, J.] Union Concerned Scientists, Cambridge, MA 02238 USA. [Averyt, K.] Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. RP Macknick, J (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. EM jordan.macknick@nrel.gov; ssattler@ucsusa.org; kristen.averyt@colorado.edu; sclemmer@ucsusa.org; jrogers@ucsusa.org NR 30 TC 71 Z9 72 U1 6 U2 46 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1748-9326 J9 ENVIRON RES LETT JI Environ. Res. Lett. PD OCT-DEC PY 2012 VL 7 IS 4 AR 045803 DI 10.1088/1748-9326/7/4/045803 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 059IA UT WOS:000312696400071 ER PT J AU Salamanca, F Tonse, S Menon, S Garg, V Singh, KP Naja, M Fischer, ML AF Salamanca, Francisco Tonse, Shaheen Menon, Surabi Garg, Vishal Singh, Krishna P. Naja, Manish Fischer, Marc L. TI Top-of-atmosphere radiative cooling with white roofs: experimental verification and model-based evaluation SO ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article DE aerosol loading; cool roof; radiation balance; satellite radiometry; surface reflectance; urban systems; white roof AB We evaluate differences in clear-sky upwelling shortwave radiation reaching the top of the atmosphere in response to increasing the albedo of roof surfaces in an area of India with moderately high aerosol loading. Treated (painted white) and untreated (unpainted) roofs on two buildings in northeast India were analyzed on five cloudless days using radiometric imagery from the IKONOS satellite. Comparison of a radiative transfer model (RRTMG) and radiometric satellite observations shows good agreement (R-2 = 0.927). Results show a mean increase of similar to 50 W m(-2) outgoing at the top of the atmosphere for each 0.1 increase of the albedo at the time of the observations and a strong dependence on atmospheric transmissivity. C1 [Salamanca, Francisco; Menon, Surabi; Fischer, Marc L.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Garg, Vishal] IIIT Hyderabad, Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh, India. [Singh, Krishna P.] GB Pant Univ Agr & Technol, Biophys Unit, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand, India. [Naja, Manish] Aryabhatta Res Inst Observat Sci ARIES, Naini Tal, India. RP Salamanca, F (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM fsalaman@asu.edu; mlfischer@lbl.gov RI Salamanca Palou, Francisco/M-5406-2014; Garg, Vishal/H-7898-2016 OI Salamanca Palou, Francisco/0000-0002-4115-7368; Garg, Vishal/0000-0002-2599-2785 FU US DOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy; US DOE Office of Science, Atmospheric Radiation Measurement program [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX We gratefully acknowledge Professor Ram Sagar and Dr Rao Kotamarthi for advice and assistance in arranging fieldwork at Nainital as part of the RAWEX-GVAEX campaign and the useful comments of two reviewers. We also thank Bipin Shah (Winbuild) for arranging the roof coatings, Ken Reichl for assistance with radiometer instrument preparation and initial data reduction, and Jyotirmay Mathur and Jaipur J Niranjan for assistance with data collection in the field. This work is supported by the US DOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, and the US DOE Office of Science, Atmospheric Radiation Measurement program, under contract DE-AC02-05CH11231. NR 11 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 22 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1748-9326 J9 ENVIRON RES LETT JI Environ. Res. Lett. PD OCT-DEC PY 2012 VL 7 IS 4 AR 044007 DI 10.1088/1748-9326/7/4/044007 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 059IA UT WOS:000312696400011 ER PT J AU Sattler, S Macknick, J Yates, D Flores-Lopez, F Lopez, A Rogers, J AF Sattler, S. Macknick, J. Yates, D. Flores-Lopez, F. Lopez, A. Rogers, J. TI Linking electricity and water models to assess electricity choices at water-relevant scales SO ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article DE energy-water nexus; thermoelectric water demand; energy modeling; clean energy; renewable energy AB Hydrology/water management and electricity generation projections have been modeled separately, but there has been little effort in intentionally and explicitly linking the two sides of the water-energy nexus. This paper describes a platform for assessing power plant cooling water withdrawals and consumption under different electricity pathways at geographic and time scales appropriate for both electricity and hydrology/water management. This platform uses estimates of regional electricity generation by the Regional Energy Deployment System (ReEDS) as input to a hydrologic and water management model-the Water Evaluation and Planning (WEAP) system. In WEAP, this electricity use represents thermoelectric cooling water withdrawals and consumption within the broader, regional water resource context. Here we describe linking the electricity and water models, including translating electricity generation results from ReEDS-relevant geographies to the water-relevant geographies of WEAP. The result of this analysis is water use by the electric sector at the regional watershed level, which is used to examine the water resource implications of these electricity pathways. C1 [Sattler, S.; Rogers, J.] Union Concerned Scientists, Cambridge, MA 02238 USA. [Macknick, J.; Lopez, A.] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Yates, D.] Univ Corp Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. [Flores-Lopez, F.] Stockholm Environm Inst, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Sattler, S (reprint author), Union Concerned Scientists, Cambridge, MA 02238 USA. EM ssattler@ucsusa.org; Jordan.Macknick@nrel.gov; yates@ucar.edu; Francisco.flores@sei-us.org; anthony.lopez@nrel.gov; jrogers@ucsusa.org FU Kresge Foundation; Wallace Research Foundation FX We gratefully acknowledge funding for this research from The Kresge Foundation, Wallace Research Foundation, and Roger and Vicki Sant, and the research oversight provided by the EW3 Scientific Advisory Committee-Peter Frumhoff (Union of Concerned Scientists), George Hornberger (Vanderbilt University), Robert Jackson (Duke University), Robin Newmark (NREL), Jonathan Overpeck (University of Arizona), Brad Udall (University of Colorado Boulder, NOAA Western Water Assessment) and Michael Webber (University of Texas at Austin). NR 17 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 3 U2 38 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1748-9326 J9 ENVIRON RES LETT JI Environ. Res. Lett. PD OCT-DEC PY 2012 VL 7 IS 4 AR 045804 DI 10.1088/1748-9326/7/4/045804 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 059IA UT WOS:000312696400072 ER PT J AU Wang, M Han, J Dunn, JB Cai, H Elgowainy, A AF Wang, Michael Han, Jeongwoo Dunn, Jennifer B. Cai, Hao Elgowainy, Amgad TI Well-to-wheels energy use and greenhouse gas emissions of ethanol from corn, sugarcane and cellulosic biomass for US use SO ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article DE corn ethanol; sugarcane ethanol; cellulosic ethanol; greenhouse gas emissions; energy balance; life-cycle analysis; biofuels ID LIFE-CYCLE ASSESSMENT; CLIMATE-CHANGE; GHG EMISSIONS; OIL; SWITCHGRASS; VARIABILITY; CONVERSION; INVENTORY; PETROLEUM; PRODUCTS AB Globally, bioethanol is the largest volume biofuel used in the transportation sector, with corn-based ethanol production occurring mostly in the US and sugarcane-based ethanol production occurring mostly in Brazil. Advances in technology and the resulting improved productivity in corn and sugarcane farming and ethanol conversion, together with biofuel policies, have contributed to the significant expansion of ethanol production in the past 20 years. These improvements have increased the energy and greenhouse gas (GHG) benefits of using bioethanol as opposed to using petroleum gasoline. This article presents results from our most recently updated simulations of energy use and GHG emissions that result from using bioethanol made from several feedstocks. The results were generated with the GREET (Greenhouse gases, Regulated Emissions, and Energy use in Transportation) model. In particular, based on a consistent and systematic model platform, we estimate life-cycle energy consumption and GHG emissions from using ethanol produced from five feedstocks: corn, sugarcane, corn stover, switchgrass and miscanthus. We quantitatively address the impacts of a few critical factors that affect life-cycle GHG emissions from bioethanol. Even when the highly debated land use change GHG emissions are included, changing from corn to sugarcane and then to cellulosic biomass helps to significantly increase the reductions in energy use and GHG emissions from using bioethanol. Relative to petroleum gasoline, ethanol from corn, sugarcane, corn stover, switchgrass and miscanthus can reduce life-cycle GHG emissions by 19-48%, 40-62%, 90-103%, 77-97% and 101-115%, respectively. Similar trends have been found with regard to fossil energy benefits for the five bioethanol pathways. C1 [Wang, Michael; Han, Jeongwoo; Dunn, Jennifer B.; Cai, Hao; Elgowainy, Amgad] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Energy Syst, Syst Assessment Grp, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Wang, M (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Energy Syst, Syst Assessment Grp, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM mqwang@anl.gov; jhan@anl.gov; jdunn@anl.gov; hcai@anl.gov; aelgowainy@anl.gov RI Cai, Hao/A-1975-2016 FU Biomass Program in the US Department of Energy's Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX This study was supported by the Biomass Program in the US Department of Energy's Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy under Contract DE-AC02-06CH11357. We are grateful to Zia Haq and Kristen Johnson of the Biomass Program for their support and guidance. We thank the two reviewers of this journal for their helpful comments. The authors are solely responsible for the contents of this article. NR 64 TC 94 Z9 96 U1 7 U2 160 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1748-9326 J9 ENVIRON RES LETT JI Environ. Res. Lett. PD OCT-DEC PY 2012 VL 7 IS 4 AR 045905 DI 10.1088/1748-9326/7/4/045905 PG 13 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 059IA UT WOS:000312696400077 ER PT J AU Li, DY Li, N Xia, GF Xiao, N Zheng, Z Zhai, WJ Wu, G AF Li, Deyu Li, Ning Xia, Guofeng Xiao, Ning Zheng, Zhen Zhai, Wenjie Wu, Gang TI Effect of Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate on Copper Anodic Dissolution in Phosphoric Acid Solution SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ELECTROCHEMICAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Sodium dodecyl sulfate; phosphoric acid; Cu; inhibitor; electrochemical mechanical planarization ID ELECTROCHEMICAL MECHANICAL PLANARIZATION; IMPEDANCE SPECTROSCOPY; CMP; BENZOTRIAZOLE; METALLIZATION; ELECTROLYTE; ROLES; FILMS AB In Electrochemical Mechanical Planarization process (ECMP), concentrated phosphoric acid is usually used as electrolyte. Role of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) in anodic dissolution of Cu in concentrated phosphoric acid was studied by Cyclic Voltammetry (CV), inhibition efficiency (IE) calculation and in-situ observation of the Cu electrode surface at anodic overpotentials. It was found that presence of SDS enhances surface passivation of Cu in both active and passive potential regions. Moreover, in the passive region, introduction of SDS results in fine, close-packed and stable layers of oxygen bubbles, which can effectively inhibit anodic dissolution of Cu. A correlation was established between the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and the structure of the passive film. The values of R-ct,Y-ct,R-f,Y-f increase with the addition of SDS indicate that SDS is helpful to form the film of oxide copper. Therefore, SDS can be used as an additive to achieve excellent planarization efficiency for ECMP. C1 [Li, Deyu; Li, Ning; Xia, Guofeng; Xiao, Ning; Zheng, Zhen; Zhai, Wenjie] Harbin Inst Technol, Sch Chem Engn & Technol, Harbin 150001, Peoples R China. [Wu, Gang] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Mat Phys & Applicat Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Li, DY (reprint author), Harbin Inst Technol, Sch Chem Engn & Technol, Harbin 150001, Peoples R China. EM lininghit@263.net RI Wu, Gang/E-8536-2010 OI Wu, Gang/0000-0003-4956-5208 FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [50975058] FX This research was financially supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (no. 50975058) NR 20 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 12 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SCIENCE GROUP PI BELGRADE PA A SPOMENICE 7/12 , 19210 BOR, BELGRADE, VJ 12, SERBIA SN 1452-3981 J9 INT J ELECTROCHEM SC JI Int. J. Electrochem. Sci. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 7 IS 10 BP 9271 EP 9277 PG 7 WC Electrochemistry SC Electrochemistry GA 062QB UT WOS:000312933600018 ER PT J AU Doran, A Church, M Miller, T Morrison, G Young, AT Scholl, A AF Doran, Andrew Church, Matthew Miller, Tom Morrison, Greg Young, Anthony T. Scholl, Andreas TI Cryogenic PEEM at the Advanced Light Source SO JOURNAL OF ELECTRON SPECTROSCOPY AND RELATED PHENOMENA LA English DT Article DE PEEM; Synchrotron; Cryogenic AB X-ray PEEM at liquid helium temperatures at a 3rd generation synchrotron is discussed. Detailed instrument design and performance is presented along with examples of the scientific opportunities afforded through routine low temperature performance with negligible tradeoffs of imaging performance or general ease of use. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Doran, Andrew; Church, Matthew; Miller, Tom; Morrison, Greg; Young, Anthony T.; Scholl, Andreas] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Doran, A (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM adoran@lbl.gov RI Scholl, Andreas/K-4876-2012; OI Doran, Andrew/0000-0001-5158-4569 FU Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the US Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX The authors would like to thank Dr.'s Weilun Chao and Eric Anderson of the Center for X-ray Optics, LBNL for the lithographic test samples used for evaluating imaging performance. The Advanced Light Source is supported by the Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the US Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. NR 7 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 16 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0368-2048 J9 J ELECTRON SPECTROSC JI J. Electron Spectrosc. Relat. Phenom. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 185 IS 10 SI SI BP 340 EP 346 DI 10.1016/j.elspec.2012.05.005 PG 7 WC Spectroscopy SC Spectroscopy GA 063EQ UT WOS:000312979400005 ER PT J AU Leung, BO Hitchcock, AP Cornelius, RM Brash, JL Scholl, A Doran, A AF Leung, Bonnie O. Hitchcock, Adam P. Cornelius, Rena M. Brash, John L. Scholl, Andreas Doran, Andrew TI Using X-PEEM to study biomaterials: Protein and peptide adsorption to a polystyrene-poly(methyl methacrylate)-b-polyacrylic acid blend SO JOURNAL OF ELECTRON SPECTROSCOPY AND RELATED PHENOMENA LA English DT Article DE Photoemission electron microscopy; X-PEEM; NEXAFS; AFM; Mapping; Protein adsorption; HSA; Polystyrene; Poly(methyl methacrylate)-b-polyacrylic; acid; Blend ID ATOMIC-FORCE MICROSCOPY; SOLID-LIQUID INTERFACES; TERNARY POLYMER BLENDS; ADVANCED LIGHT-SOURCE; RAY SPECTROMICROSCOPY; ALBUMIN ADSORPTION; SERUM-ALBUMIN; SURFACE; COMPENSATION; RESOLUTION AB Recent synchrotron-based soft X-ray photoemission electron microscopy (X-PEEM) studies of protein and peptide interaction with phase segregated and patterned polymer surfaces in the context of optimization of candidate biomaterials are reviewed and a study of a new system is reported. X-PEEM and atomic force microscopy (AFM) were used to investigate the morphology of a phase-segregated thin film of a polystyrene/poly(methyl methacrylate)-b-polyacrylic acid (PS/PMMA-PM) blend, and its interactions with negatively charged human serum albumin (HSA) and positively charged SUB-6 (a cationic antimicrobial peptide, RWWKIWVIRWWR-NH2) at several pHs. At neutral pH, where the polymer surface is partially negatively charged, HSA and SUB-6 peptide showed contrasting adsorption behavior which is interpreted in terms of differences in their electrostatic interactions with the polymer surface. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Leung, Bonnie O.; Hitchcock, Adam P.] McMaster Univ, BIMR, Hamilton, ON L8S 4M1, Canada. [Cornelius, Rena M.; Brash, John L.] McMaster Univ, Sch Biomed Engn, Hamilton, ON L8S 4M1, Canada. [Scholl, Andreas; Doran, Andrew] Berkeley Lab, Adv Light Source, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Hitchcock, AP (reprint author), McMaster Univ, BIMR, Hamilton, ON L8S 4M1, Canada. EM aph@mcmaster.ca RI Scholl, Andreas/K-4876-2012; OI Doran, Andrew/0000-0001-5158-4569 FU Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council (NSERC, Canada); AFMNet; Canada Research Chairs program; US Department of Energy [DE-AC03-76SF00098] FX We gratefully thank the Hancock Research Group from UBC for their gift of SUB-6 peptide. We acknowledge fruitful discussion with K. Leung on statistical analyses. This research is supported by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council (NSERC, Canada), AFMNet and the Canada Research Chairs program. X-ray microscopy was carried out using PEEM-2 and STXM5322 at the ALS. The ALS is supported by the US Department of Energy under Contract DE-AC03-76SF00098. NR 47 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 4 U2 37 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0368-2048 J9 J ELECTRON SPECTROSC JI J. Electron Spectrosc. Relat. Phenom. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 185 IS 10 SI SI BP 406 EP 416 DI 10.1016/j.elspec.2012.06.004 PG 11 WC Spectroscopy SC Spectroscopy GA 063EQ UT WOS:000312979400013 ER PT J AU Palza, H Maturana, A Gracia, F Neira, A Fuenzalida, VM Avila, J Sanchez-Ballester, NM Elsegood, MRJ Teat, SJ Ariga, K Hill, JP AF Palza, Humberto Maturana, Andres Gracia, Francisco Neira, Andronico Fuenzalida, Victor M. Avila, Jonathan Sanchez-Ballester, Noelia M. Elsegood, Mark R. J. Teat, Simon J. Ariga, Katsuhiko Hill, Jonathan P. TI Nanostructured Manganese Oxide Particles from Coordination Complex Decomposition and Their Catalytic Properties for Ethanol Oxidation SO JOURNAL OF NANOSCIENCE AND NANOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Manganese Oxides; Catalytic Properties; Layered Compounds ID NANOMATERIALS; NANOSHEETS; BATTERIES; DIOXIDE AB Novel manganese oxide particles with complex morphologies and different nanostructures (i.e., spherical/lamellar) were synthesized by initial preparation of a coordination complex of manganese with 1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane (cyclen), followed by characterization of the nanostructured oxide as a catalytic material for ethanol oxidation. The samples present a bulk gamma-MnO2 structure although X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis reveals that their surfaces have different chemical compositions. Some of these nanostructured particles show high catalytic activities for ethanol oxidation enabling a decrease of the reaction temperature by more than 80 degrees C as compared with traditional MnO2 particles. The high catalytic activity of the particles depends on their morphology and a relationship between morphology and specific area was established. It is proposed that these novel nanostructured manganese oxide particles may be highly active in the catalytic oxidation of other volatile organic compounds (VOCs) opening up their further development for environmental applications. C1 [Palza, Humberto; Maturana, Andres; Gracia, Francisco] Univ Chile, Fac Ciencias Fis & Matemat, Dept Ingn Quim & Biotecnol, Santiago, Chile. [Neira, Andronico] Univ Chile, Dept Ciencias Biol Anim, Fac Ciencias Vet & Pecuarias, Santiago, Chile. [Fuenzalida, Victor M.; Avila, Jonathan] Univ Chile, Fac Ciencias Fis & Matemat, Dept Fis, Santiago, Chile. [Sanchez-Ballester, Noelia M.; Ariga, Katsuhiko; Hill, Jonathan P.] Natl Inst Mat Sci, WPI Ctr Mat Nanoarchitecton MANA, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050044, Japan. [Elsegood, Mark R. J.] Univ Loughborough, Dept Chem, Loughborough LE11 3TU, Leics, England. [Teat, Simon J.] Berkeley Lab, ALS, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Palza, H (reprint author), Univ Chile, Fac Ciencias Fis & Matemat, Dept Ingn Quim & Biotecnol, Av Beauchef 861, Santiago, Chile. RI Gracia, Francisco/I-2145-2013; Elsegood, Mark/K-1663-2013; ARIGA, Katsuhiko/H-2695-2011; Palza, Humberto /H-2782-2014; Sanchez Ballester, Noelia Maria/K-1031-2014; Fuenzalida, Victor/A-5244-2013; OI Gracia, Francisco/0000-0001-5266-3234; Elsegood, Mark/0000-0002-8984-4175; Palza, Humberto /0000-0001-5246-6791; Sanchez Ballester, Noelia Maria/0000-0003-1614-4773; Fuenzalida, Victor/0000-0002-5481-4646; Hill, Jonathan/0000-0002-4229-5842 FU World Premier International Research Center Initiative on Materials Nanoarchitectonics from MEXT, Japan; Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST) program of JST, Japan; Japan Society for the Promotion of Science; Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX The authors thank the support during this research of Dr. M. Yazdani-Pedram and Dr. M. Diaz-Dosque. This research was partly supported by the World Premier International Research Center Initiative on Materials Nanoarchitectonics from MEXT, Japan, and by the Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST) program of JST, Japan. N. M. S.-B. is grateful to the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science for a research fellowship. Advanced Light Source is supported by the Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. NR 45 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 28 PU AMER SCIENTIFIC PUBLISHERS PI VALENCIA PA 26650 THE OLD RD, STE 208, VALENCIA, CA 91381-0751 USA SN 1533-4880 J9 J NANOSCI NANOTECHNO JI J. Nanosci. Nanotechnol. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 12 IS 10 BP 8087 EP 8093 DI 10.1166/jnn.2012.6686 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 058FT UT WOS:000312620200064 PM 23421183 ER PT J AU Lai, CH Xu, W Sun, X AF Lai, Canhai Xu, Wei Sun, Xin TI Development of an Inverse Algorithm for Resonance Inspection SO JOURNAL OF VIBRATION AND ACOUSTICS-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Article ID LOW-CYCLE FATIGUE; DAMAGE DETECTION; FREQUENCY MEASUREMENTS; BEAM STRUCTURES; CRACK; IDENTIFICATION AB Resonance inspection (RI), which employs the natural frequency spectra shift between the good and the anomalous part populations to detect defects, is a nondestructive evaluation (NDE) technique with many advantages, such as low inspection cost, high testing speed, and broad applicability to structures with complex geometry compared to other contemporary NDE methods. It has already been widely used in the automobile industry for quality inspections of safety critical parts. Unlike some conventionally used NDE methods, the current RI technology is unable to provide details, i.e., location, dimension, or types, of the flaws for the discrepant parts. Such limitation severely hinders its widespread applications and further development. In this study, an inverse RI algorithm based on maximum correlation function is proposed to quantify the location and size of flaws for a discrepant part. A dog-bone-shaped stainless steel sample with and without controlled flaws is used for algorithm development and validation. The results show that multiple flaws can be accurately pinpointed back, using the algorithms developed, and the prediction accuracy decreases with increasing flaw numbers and decreasing distance between flaws. [DOI: 10.1115/1.4006649] C1 [Lai, Canhai; Xu, Wei; Sun, Xin] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Lai, CH (reprint author), 902 Battelle Blvd,POB 999,MSIN K7-90, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM kevin.lai@pnnl.gov RI Xu, Wei/M-2742-2013 FU United States Department of Energy [DE-ACO5-76RL01830]; EED LDRD program at the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory FX Pacific Northwest National Laboratory is operated by Battelle for the United States Department of Energy under Contract DE-ACO5-76RL01830. This study is supported by the EED LDRD program at the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory. NR 30 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 10 PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA SN 1048-9002 J9 J VIB ACOUST JI J. Vib. Acoust.-Trans. ASME PD OCT PY 2012 VL 134 IS 5 AR 051017 DI 10.1115/1.4006649 PG 10 WC Acoustics; Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics SC Acoustics; Engineering; Mechanics GA 054TO UT WOS:000312366900017 ER PT J AU Moeller, SJ Tomasi, D Honorio, J Volkow, ND Goldstein, RZ AF Moeller, S. J. Tomasi, D. Honorio, J. Volkow, N. D. Goldstein, R. Z. TI Dopaminergic involvement during mental fatigue in health and cocaine addiction SO TRANSLATIONAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Article DE anterior cingulate cortex; color-word stroop; dopamine; executive function; fMRI; methylphenidate; midbrain; motivation; positron emission tomography; self-regulation ID ANTERIOR CINGULATE CORTEX; NUCLEUS-ACCUMBENS DOPAMINE; MEDIAL FRONTAL-CORTEX; DEPENDENT PATIENTS; COGNITIVE CONTROL; STROOP TASK; ORAL METHYLPHENIDATE; PREFRONTAL CORTICES; BRAIN ACTIVATION; DECISION-MAKING AB Dopamine modulates executive function, including sustaining cognitive control during mental fatigue. Using event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) during the color-word Stroop task, we aimed to model mental fatigue with repeated task exposures in 33 cocaine abusers and 20 healthy controls. During such mental fatigue (indicated by increased errors, and decreased post-error slowing and dorsal anterior cingulate response to error as a function of time-on-task), healthy individuals showed increased activity in the dopaminergic midbrain to error. Cocaine abusers, characterized by disrupted dopamine neurotransmission, showed an opposite pattern of response. This midbrain fMRI activity with repetition was further correlated with objective indices of endogenous motivation in all subjects: a state measure (task reaction time) and a trait measure (dopamine D2 receptor availability in caudate, as revealed by positron emission tomography data collected in a subset of this sample, which directly points to a contribution of dopamine to these results). In a second sample of 14 cocaine abusers and 15 controls, administration of an indirect dopamine agonist, methylphenidate, reversed these midbrain responses in both groups, possibly indicating normalization of response in cocaine abusers because of restoration of dopamine signaling but degradation of response in healthy controls owing to excessive dopamine signaling. Together, these multimodal imaging findings suggest a novel involvement of the dopaminergic midbrain in sustaining motivation during fatigue. This region might provide a useful target for strengthening self-control and/or endogenous motivation in addiction. Translational Psychiatry (2012) 2, e176; doi:10.1038/tp.2012.110; published online 23 October 2012 C1 [Moeller, S. J.; Honorio, J.; Goldstein, R. Z.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Ctr Translat Neuroimaging, Dept Med Res, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Tomasi, D.; Volkow, N. D.] NIAAA, Bethesda, MD 90034 USA. [Honorio, J.] SUNY Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. [Volkow, N. D.] NIDA, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RP Goldstein, RZ (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Ctr Translat Neuroimaging, Dept Med Res, POB 5000,30 Bell Ave, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM rgoldstein@bnl.gov RI Tomasi, Dardo/J-2127-2015; Moeller, Scott/L-5549-2016 OI Moeller, Scott/0000-0002-4449-0844 FU National Institute on Drug Abuse [1R01DA023579, 1F32DA030017-01]; NIH Intramural program; Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC [DE-AC02-98CHI-886]; US Department of Energy FX This study was supported by grants from the National Institute on Drug Abuse (to RZG: 1R01DA023579; to SJM: 1F32DA030017-01) and the NIH Intramural program. We gratefully acknowledge the contributions of Muhammad A Parvaz, Anna Konova, Nelly Alia-Klein, Thomas Maloney, Patricia A Woicik, Ruiliang Wang, Alex Panagopoulos, Dimitris Samaras, Frank Telang and Gene-Jack Wang. This manuscript has been authored by Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC02-98CHI-886 with the US Department of Energy. The United States Government retains, and the publisher, by accepting the article for publication, acknowledges, a world-wide license to publish or reproduce the published form of this manuscript, or allow others to do so, for the United States Government purposes. NR 96 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 15 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 2158-3188 J9 TRANSL PSYCHIAT JI Transl. Psychiatr. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 2 AR e176 DI 10.1038/tp.2012.110 PG 10 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA 062EB UT WOS:000312900800012 PM 23092980 ER PT J AU Sego, LH Marquez, A Rawson, A Cader, T Fox, K Gustafson, WI Mundy, CJ AF Sego, Landon H. Marquez, Andres Rawson, Andrew Cader, Tahir Fox, Kevin Gustafson, William I., Jr. Mundy, Christopher J. TI Implementing the Data Center Energy Productivity Metric SO ACM JOURNAL ON EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES IN COMPUTING SYSTEMS LA English DT Article DE Energy; productivity; metrics; data center AB As data centers proliferate in size and number, the endeavor to improve their energy efficiency and productivity is becoming increasingly important. We discuss the properties of a number of the proposed metrics of energy efficiency and productivity. In particular, we focus on the Data Center Energy Productivity (DCeP) metric, which is the ratio of useful work produced by the data center to the energy consumed performing that work. We describe our approach for using DCeP as the principal outcome of a designed experiment using a highly instrumented, high-performance computing data center. We found that DCeP was successful in clearly distinguishing different operational states in the data center, thereby validating its utility as a metric for identifying configurations of hardware and software that would improve (or even maximize) energy productivity. We also discuss some of the challenges and benefits associated with implementing the DCeP metric, and we examine the efficacy of the metric in making comparisons within a data center and among data centers. C1 [Sego, Landon H.; Marquez, Andres; Fox, Kevin; Gustafson, William I., Jr.; Mundy, Christopher J.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Rawson, Andrew] Adv Micro Devices Inc, Sunnyvale, CA 94088 USA. RP Sego, LH (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM Landon.Sego@pnnl.gov RI Gustafson, William/A-7732-2008 OI Gustafson, William/0000-0001-9927-1393 FU U.S. department of Energy [47128, 55430, SC0005365] FX This work was supported in part by the U.S. department of Energy under DE-Award numbers 47128, 55430, and SC0005365. NR 22 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 9 PU ASSOC COMPUTING MACHINERY PI NEW YORK PA 2 PENN PLAZA, STE 701, NEW YORK, NY 10121-0701 USA SN 1550-4832 J9 ACM J EMERG TECH COM JI ACM J. Emerg. Technol. Comput. Syst. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 8 IS 4 SI SI AR 30 DI 10.1145/2367736.2367741 PG 22 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology SC Computer Science; Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 052WM UT WOS:000312230700005 ER PT J AU Welsch, M Howells, M Bazilian, M DeCarolis, JF Hermann, S Rogner, HH AF Welsch, M. Howells, M. Bazilian, M. DeCarolis, J. F. Hermann, S. Rogner, H. H. TI Modelling elements of Smart Grids - Enhancing the OSeMOSYS (Open Source Energy Modelling System) code SO ENERGY LA English DT Article DE Energy modelling; Smart Grids; Demand side management; Storage ID OPERATION STRATEGIES; RENEWABLE ENERGY; POWER-SYSTEMS; ELECTRICITY; INTEGRATION; STORAGE; GENERATION; MARKETS; HEAT AB 'Smart Grids' are expected to help facilitate a better integration of distributed storage and demand response options into power systems and markets. Quantifying the associated system benefits may provide valuable design and policy insights. Yet many existing energy system models are not able to depict various critical features associated with Smart Grids in a single comprehensive framework. These features may for example include grid stability issues in a system with several flexible demand types and storage options to help balance a high penetration of renewable energy. Flexible and accessible tools have the potential to fill this niche. This paper expands on the Open Source Energy Modelling System (OSeMOSYS). It describes how 'blocks of functionality' may be added to represent variability in electricity generation, a prioritisation of demand types, shifting demand, and storage options. The paper demonstrates the flexibility and ease-of-use of OSeMOSYS with regard to modifications of its code. It may therefore serve as a useful test-bed for new functionality in tools with wide-spread use and larger applications, such as MESSAGE, TIMES, MARKAL, or LEAP. As with the core code of OSeMOSYS, the functional blocks described in this paper are available in the public domain. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Welsch, M.; Howells, M.; Hermann, S.] KTH Royal Inst Technol, Stockholm, Sweden. [Bazilian, M.] NREL, Golden, CO USA. [DeCarolis, J. F.] N Carolina State Univ, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Rogner, H. H.] IAEA, Vienna, Austria. RP Welsch, M (reprint author), KTH Royal Inst Technol, Stockholm, Sweden. EM manuel.welsch@energy.kth.se RI DeCarolis, Joseph/F-4869-2013; OI DeCarolis, Joseph/0000-0003-4677-4522; Howells, Mark/0000-0001-6419-4957 NR 88 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 2 U2 26 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0360-5442 J9 ENERGY JI Energy PD OCT PY 2012 VL 46 IS 1 BP 337 EP 350 DI 10.1016/j.energy.2012.08.017 PG 14 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels GA 047XB UT WOS:000311873700037 ER PT J AU Eom, J Clarke, L Kim, SH Kyle, P Patel, P AF Eom, Jiyong Clarke, Leon Kim, Son H. Kyle, Page Patel, Pralit TI China's building energy demand: Long-term implications from a detailed assessment SO ENERGY LA English DT Article DE China buildings; Building energy modeling; Scenario analysis; Integrated assessment model; Electrification ID INTEGRATED ASSESSMENT; SCENARIOS; FUTURE; MODEL; TRANSPORTATION; TECHNOLOGIES; PROJECTIONS; FRAMEWORK AB Buildings are an important contributor to China's energy consumption and attendant CO2 emissions. Measures to address energy consumption and associated emissions from the buildings sector will be an important part of strategy to reduce the country's CO2 emissions. This study presents a detailed, service-based model of China's building energy demand, nested in the GCAM (Global Change Assessment Model) integrated assessment framework. Using the model, we explored long-term pathways of China's building energy demand and identified opportunities to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. A range of different scenarios was also developed to gain insights into how China's building sector might evolve and what the implications might be for improved building energy technology and carbon policies. The analysis suggests that China's building energy growth will not wane anytime soon, although technology improvement will put downward pressure on this growth: In the reference scenarios, the sector's final energy demand will increase by 110 -150% by 2050 and 160-220% by 2095 from its 2005 level. Also, regardless of the scenarios represented, the growth will involve the continued, rapid electrification of the buildings sector throughout the century, and this transition will be accelerated by the implementation of carbon policy. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Eom, Jiyong; Clarke, Leon; Kim, Son H.; Kyle, Page; Patel, Pralit] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Joint Global Change Res Inst, College Pk, MD 20740 USA. RP Eom, J (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Joint Global Change Res Inst, College Pk, MD 20740 USA. EM jiyong.eom@pnl.gov RI Eom, Jiyong/A-1161-2014 NR 47 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 2 U2 13 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0360-5442 J9 ENERGY JI Energy PD OCT PY 2012 VL 46 IS 1 BP 405 EP 419 DI 10.1016/j.energy.2012.08.009 PG 15 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels GA 047XB UT WOS:000311873700044 ER PT J AU Morgan, R Baack, B Smith, BD Pitasi, M Falck-Ytter, Y AF Morgan, Rebecca Baack, Brittney Smith, Bryce D. Pitasi, Marc Falck-Ytter, Yngve TI Response to Treatment as a Predictor of Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) Development among Persons Chronically Infected with Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) Infection: A Meta-Analysis SO HEPATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 63rd Annual Meeting of the American-Association-for-the-Study-of-Liver-Diseases (AASLD) CY NOV 09-13, 2012 CL Boston, MA SP Amer Assoc Study Liver Dis C1 [Morgan, Rebecca; Smith, Bryce D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Baack, Brittney] Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Oak Ridge, TN USA. [Pitasi, Marc] Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Falck-Ytter, Yngve] Case Western Reserve Univ, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0270-9139 J9 HEPATOLOGY JI Hepatology PD OCT PY 2012 VL 56 SU 1 MA 942 BP 648A EP 649A PG 2 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 035OD UT WOS:000310955602321 ER PT J AU Abreu, P Aglietta, M Ahlers, M Ahn, EJ Albuquerque, IFM Allard, D Allekotte, I Allen, J Allison, P Almela, A Castillo, JA Alvarez-Muniz, J Batista, RA Ambrosio, M Aminaei, A Anchordoqui, L Andringa, S Anticic, T Aramo, C Arganda, E Arqueros, F Asorey, H Assis, P Aublin, J Ave, M Avenier, M Avila, G Badescu, AM Balzer, M Barber, KB Barbosa, AF Bardenet, R Barroso, SLC Baughman, B Bauml, J Baus, C Beatty, JJ Becker, KH Belletoile, A Bellido, JA BenZvi, S Berat, C Bertou, X Biermann, PL Billoir, P Blanco, F Blanco, M Bleve, C Blumer, H Bohacova, M Boncioli, D Bonifazi, C Bonino, R Borodai, N Brack, J Brancus, I Brogueira, P Brown, C Bruijn, R Buchholz, P Bueno, A Buroker, L Burton, RE Caballero-Mora, KS Caccianiga, B Caramete, L Caruso, R Castellina, A Catalano, O Cataldi, G Cazon, L Cester, R Chauvin, J Cheng, SH Chiavassa, A Chinellato, JA Diaz, JC Chudoba, J Cilmo, M Clay, RW Cocciolo, G Collica, L Coluccia, MR Conceicao, R Contreras, F Cook, H Cooper, MJ Coppens, J Cordier, A Coutu, S Covault, CE Creusot, A Criss, A Cronin, J Curutiu, A Dagoret-Campagne, S Dallier, R Daniel, B Dasso, S Daumiller, K Dawson, BR de Almeida, RM De Domenico, M De Donato, C de Jong, SJ De La Vega, G de Mello, WJM Neto, JRTD De Mitri, I de Souza, V de Vries, KD del Peral, L del Rio, M Deligny, O Dembinski, H Dhital, N Di Giulio, C Castro, MLD Diepcq, PN Diogo, F Dobrigkeit, C Docters, W D'Olivo, JC Dong, PN Dorofeev, A dos Anjos, JC Dova, MT D'Urso, D Dutan, I Ebr, J Engel, R Erdmann, M Escobar, CO Espadanal, J Etchegoyen, A San Luis, PF Falcke, H Farrar, G Fauth, AC Fazzini, N Ferguson, AP Fick, B Figueira, JM Filevich, A Filipcic, A Fliescher, S Fracchiolla, CE Fraenkel, ED Fratu, O Frohlich, U Fuchs, B Gaior, R Gamarra, RF Gambetta, S Garcia, B Roca, STG Garcia-Gamez, D Garcia-Pinto, D Bravo, AG Gemmeke, H Ghia, PL Giller, M Gitto, J Glass, H Gold, MS Golup, G Albarracin, FG Berisso, MG Vitale, PFG Goncalves, P Gonzalez, JG Gookin, B Gorgi, A Gouffon, P Grashorn, E Grebe, S Griffith, N Grigat, M Grillo, AF Guardincerri, Y Guarino, F Guedes, GP Hansen, P Harari, D Harrison, TA Harton, JL Haungs, A Hebbeker, T Heck, D Herve, AE Hojvat, C Hollon, N Holmes, VC Homola, P Horandel, JR Horvath, P Hrabovsky, M Huber, D Huege, T Insolia, A Ionita, F Italiano, A Jansen, S Jarne, C Jiraskova, S Josebachuili, M Kadija, K Kampert, KH Karhan, P Kasper, P Katkov, I Kegl, B Keilhauer, B Keivani, A Kelley, JL Kemp, E Kieckhafer, RM Klages, HO Kleifges, M Kleinfeller, J Knapp, J Koang, DH Kotera, K Krohm, N Kromer, O Kruppke-Hansen, D Kuempel, D Kulbartz, JK Kunka, N La Rosa, G Lachaud, C LaHurd, D Latronico, L Lauer, R Lautridou, P Le Coz, S Leao, MSAB Lebrun, D Lebrun, P de Oliveira, MAL Letessier-Selvon, A Lhenry-Yvon, I Link, K Lopez, R Aguera, AL Louedec, K Bahilo, JL Lu, L Lucero, A Ludwig, M Lyberis, H Maccarone, MC Macolino, C Maldera, S Maller, J Mandat, D Mantsch, P Mariazzi, AG Marin, J Marin, V Maris, IC Falcon, HRM Marsella, G Martello, D Martin, L Martinez, H Bravo, OM Martraire, D Meza, JJM Mathes, HJ Matthews, J Matthews, JAJ Matthiae, G Maurel, D Maurizio, D Mazur, PO Medina-Tanco, G Melissas, M Melo, D Menichetti, E Menshikov, A Mertsch, P Meurer, C Meyhandan, R Micanovic, S Micheletti, MI Minaya, IA Miramonti, L Molina-Bueno, L Mollerach, S Monasor, M Ragaigne, DM Montanet, F Morales, B Morello, C Moreno, E Moreno, JC Mostafa, M Moura, CA Muller, MA Muller, G Munchmeyer, M Mussa, R Navarra, G Navarro, JL Navas, S Necesal, P Nellen, L Nelles, A Neuser, J Nhung, PT Niechciol, M Niemietz, L Nierstenhoefer, N Nitz, D Nosek, D Nozka, L Oehlschlager, J Olinto, A Ortiz, M Pacheco, N Selmi-Dei, DP Palatka, M Pallotta, J Palmieri, N Parente, G Parizot, E Parra, A Pastor, S Paul, T Pech, M Pekala, J Pelayo, R Pepe, IM Perrone, L Pesce, R Petermann, E Petrera, S Petrolini, A Petrov, Y Pfendner, C Piegaia, R Pierog, T Pieroni, P Pimenta, M Pirronello, V Platino, M Plum, M Ponce, VH Pontz, M Porcelli, A Privitera, P Prouza, M Quel, EJ Querchfeld, S Rautenberg, J Ravel, O Ravignani, D Revenu, B Ridky, J Riggi, S Risse, M Ristori, P Rivera, H Rizi, V Roberts, J de Carvalho, WR Rodriguez, G Cabo, IR Martino, JR Rojo, JR Rodriguez-Frias, MD Ros, G Rosado, J Rossler, T Roth, M Rouille-d'Orfeuil, B Roulet, E Rovero, AC Ruhle, C Saftoiu, A Salamida, F Salazar, H Greus, FS Salina, G Sanchez, F Santo, CE Santos, E Santos, EM Sarazin, F Sarkar, B Sarkar, S Sato, R Scharf, N Scherini, V Schieler, H Schiffer, P Schmidt, A Scholten, O Schoorlemmer, H Schovancova, J Schovanek, P Schroder, F Schulte, S Schuster, D Sciutto, SJ Scuderi, M Segreto, A Settimo, M Shadkam, A Shellard, RC Sidelnik, I Sigl, G Lopez, HHS Sima, O Smialkowski, A Smida, R Snow, GR Sommers, P Sorokin, J Spinka, H Squartini, R Srivastava, YN Stanic, S Stapleton, J Stasielak, J Stephan, M Stutz, A Suarez, F Suomijarvi, T Supanitsky, AD Susa, T Sutherland, MS Swain, J Szadkowski, Z Szuba, M Tapia, A Tartare, M Tascau, O Tcaciuc, R Thao, NT Thomas, D Tiffenberg, J Timmermans, C Tkaczyk, W Peixoto, CJT Toma, G Tomankova, L Tome, B Tonachini, A Travnicek, P Tridapalli, DB Tristram, G Trovato, E Tueros, M Ulrich, R Unger, M Urban, M Galicia, JFV Valino, I Valore, L van Aar, G van den Berg, AM van Vliet, A Varela, E Cardenas, BV Vazquez, JR Vazquez, RA Veberic, D Verzi, V Vicha, J Videla, M Villasenor, L Wahlberg, H Wahrlich, P Wainberg, O Walz, D Watson, AA Weber, M Weidenhaupt, K Weindl, A Werner, F Westerhoff, S Whelan, BJ Widom, A Wieczorek, G Wiencke, L Wilczynska, B Wilczynski, H Will, M Williams, C Winchen, T Wommer, M Wundheiler, B Yamamoto, T Yapici, T Younk, P Yuan, G Yushkov, A Garcia, BZ Zas, E Zavrtanik, D Zavrtanik, M Zaw, I Zepeda, A Zhou, J Zhu, Y Silva, MZ Ziolkowski, M Charrier, D Denis, L Hilgers, G Mohrmann, L Philipps, B Seeger, O AF Abreu, P. 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CA Pierre Auger Collaboration TI Antennas for the detection of radio emission pulses from cosmic-ray induced air showers at the Pierre Auger Observatory SO JOURNAL OF INSTRUMENTATION LA English DT Article DE Large detector systems for particle and astroparticle physics; Antennas ID RADIATION; SPECTRUM; KASCADE; SIGNALS; MHZ AB The Pierre Auger Observatory is exploring the potential of the radio detection technique to study extensive air showers induced by ultra-high energy cosmic rays. The Auger Engineering Radio Array (AERA) addresses both technological and scientific aspects of the radio technique. A first phase of AERA has been operating since September 2010 with detector stations observing radio signals at frequencies between 30 and 80 MHz. In this paper we present comparative studies to identify and optimize the antenna design for the final configuration of AERA consisting of 160 individual radio detector stations. The transient nature of the air shower signal requires a detailed description of the antenna sensor. As the ultra-wideband reception of pulses is not widely discussed in antenna literature, we review the relevant antenna characteristics and enhance theoretical considerations towards the impulse response of antennas including polarization effects and multiple signal reflections. On the basis of the vector effective length we study the transient response characteristics of three candidate antennas in the time domain. Observing the variation of the continuous galactic background intensity we rank the antennas with respect to the noise level added to the galactic signal. C1 [Abreu, P.; Andringa, S.; Assis, P.; Brogueira, P.; Cazon, L.; Conceicao, R.; Diogo, F.; Espadanal, J.; Goncalves, P.; Pimenta, M.; Santo, C. E.; Santos, E.; Tome, B.] Univ Tecn Lisboa, LIP, Lisbon, Portugal. 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[Martinez, H.; Zepeda, A.] IPN CINVESTAV, Ctr Invest & Estudios Avanzados, Mexico City, DF, Mexico. [Marquez Falcon, H. R.; Villasenor, L.] Univ Michoacana, Morelia, Michoacan, Mexico. [Alvarez Castillo, J.; De Donato, C.; D'Olivo, J. C.; Medina-Tanco, G.; Morales, B.; Nellen, L.; Silva Lopez, H. H.; Valdes Galicia, J. F.; Vargas Cardenas, B.] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico. [Aminaei, A.; Coppens, J.; de Jong, S. J.; Falcke, H.; Grebe, S.; Hoerandel, J. R.; Jansen, S.; Jiraskova, S.; Kelley, J. L.; Latronico, L.; Nelles, A.; Schoorlemmer, H.; Timmermans, C.; van Aar, G.] Radboud Univ Nijmegen, IMAPP, Nijmegen, Netherlands. [de Vries, K. D.; Docters, W.; Fraenkel, E. D.; Scholten, O.; van den Berg, A. M.] Univ Groningen, Kernfys Versneller Inst, Groningen, Netherlands. [Coppens, J.; de Jong, S. J.; Falcke, H.; Grebe, S.; Hoerandel, J. R.; Jansen, S.; Nelles, A.; Schoorlemmer, H.; Timmermans, C.] NIKHEF H, NL-1009 DB Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Falcke, H.] ASTRON, Dwingeloo, Netherlands. [Borodai, N.; Homola, P.; Pekala, J.; Stasielak, J.; Wilczynska, B.; Wilczynski, H.] Inst Nucl Phys PAN, Krakow, Poland. [Giller, M.; Smialkowski, A.; Szadkowski, Z.; Tkaczyk, W.; Wieczorek, G.] Univ Lodz, PL-90131 Lodz, Poland. [Brancus, I.; Saftoiu, A.; Toma, G.] Horia Hulubei Natl Inst Phys & Nucl Engn, Bucharest, Romania. [Sima, O.] Univ Bucharest, Dept Phys, Bucharest, Romania. [Badescu, A. M.; Fratu, O.] Univ Politehn Bucuresti, Bucharest, Romania. [Filipcic, A.; Veberic, D.; Zavrtanik, D.; Zavrtanik, M.] Jozef Stefan Inst, Ljubljana, Slovenia. [Filipcic, A.; Stanic, S.; Veberic, D.; Zavrtanik, D.; Zavrtanik, M.] Univ Nova Gorica, Lab Astroparticle Phys, Nova Gorica, Slovenia. [Pastor, S.] Univ Valencia, CSIC, Inst Fis Corpuscular, Valencia, Spain. [Arganda, E.; Arqueros, F.; Blanco, F.; Garcia-Pinto, D.; Minaya, I. A.; Ortiz, M.; Rosado, J.; Vazquez, J. R.] Univ Complutense Madrid, Madrid, Spain. [Blanco, M.; del Peral, L.; Pacheco, N.; Rodriguez-Frias, M. D.; Ros, G.] Univ Alcala de Henares, Alcala De Henares, Madrid, Spain. [Bueno, A.; Gascon Bravo, A.; Lozano Bahilo, J.; Molina-Bueno, L.; Navarro, J. L.; Navas, S.; Zamorano Garcia, B.] Univ Granada, Granada, Spain. [Bueno, A.; Gascon Bravo, A.; Lozano Bahilo, J.; Molina-Bueno, L.; Navarro, J. L.; Navas, S.; Zamorano Garcia, B.] CAFPE, Granada, Spain. [Alvarez-Muniz, J.; Garcia Roca, S. T.; Lopez Agueera, A.; Parente, G.; Parra, A.; Pelayo, R.; Riggi, S.; Rodrigues de Carvalho, W.; Rodriguez, G.; Rodriguez Cabo, I.; Tueros, M.; Valino, I.; Vazquez, R. A.; Yushkov, A.; Zas, E.] Univ Santiago de Compostela, Santiago De Compostela, Spain. [Mertsch, P.; Sarkar, S.] Univ Oxford, Rudolf Peierls Ctr Theoret Phys, Oxford, England. [Bruijn, R.; Cook, H.; Knapp, J.; Lu, L.; Watson, A. A.] Univ Leeds, Sch Phys & Astron, Leeds LS2 9JT, W Yorkshire, England. [Spinka, H.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Burton, R. E.; Covault, C. E.; Ferguson, A. P.; LaHurd, D.] Case Western Reserve Univ, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. [Sarazin, F.; Schuster, D.; Wiencke, L.] Colorado Sch Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Brack, J.; Dorofeev, A.; Fracchiolla, C. E.; Gookin, B.; Harton, J. L.; Mostafa, M.; Petrov, Y.; Greus, F. Salesa; Thomas, D.] Colorado State Univ, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Brown, C.] Colorado State Univ, Pueblo, CO USA. [Ahn, E. J.; Escobar, C. O.; Fazzini, N.; Glass, H.; Hojvat, C.; Kasper, P.; Lebrun, P.; Mantsch, P.; Mazur, P. O.; Spinka, H.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL USA. [Younk, P.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA. [Keivani, A.; Matthews, J.; Shadkam, A.; Sutherland, M. S.; Yuan, G.] Louisiana State Univ, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Diaz, J. Chirinos; Dhital, N.; Fick, B.; Kieckhafer, R. M.; Nitz, D.; Yapici, T.] Michigan Technol Univ, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. [Allen, J.; Farrar, G.; Roberts, J.; Zaw, I.] NYU, New York, NY USA. [Paul, T.; Srivastava, Y. N.; Swain, J.; Widom, A.] Northeastern Univ, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Allison, P.; Baughman, B.; Beatty, J. J.; Grashorn, E.; Griffith, N.; Stapleton, J.] Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Caballero-Mora, K. S.; Cheng, S. H.; Coutu, S.; Criss, A.; Sommers, P.; Whelan, B. J.] Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Matthews, J.] Southern Univ, Baton Rouge, LA USA. [Cronin, J.; San Luis, P. Facal; Hollon, N.; Ionita, F.; Kotera, K.; Monasor, M.; Olinto, A.; Privitera, P.; Rouille-d'Orfeuil, B.; Williams, C.; Yamamoto, T.; Zhou, J.] Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Meyhandan, R.] Univ Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Petermann, E.; Snow, G. R.] Univ Nebraska, Lincoln, NE USA. [Gold, M. S.; Lauer, R.; Matthews, J. A. J.] Univ New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [Ahlers, M.; BenZvi, S.; Pfendner, C.; Westerhoff, S.] Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI USA. [Anchordoqui, L.; Buroker, L.] Univ Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA. [Diep, P. N.; Dong, P. N.; Nhung, P. T.; Thao, N. T.] INST, Hanoi, Vietnam. [Denis, L.] Observ Paris, Stn Radioastron Nancay, Nancay, France. RP Abreu, P (reprint author), Univ Tecn Lisboa, LIP, Lisbon, Portugal. RI Goncalves, Patricia /D-8229-2013; Assis, Pedro/D-9062-2013; Tome, Bernardo/J-4410-2013; dos Santos, Eva/N-6351-2013; Prouza, Michael/F-8514-2014; Mandat, Dusan/G-5580-2014; Pech, Miroslav/G-5760-2014; Bohacova, Martina/G-5898-2014; Cazon, Lorenzo/G-6921-2014; Schovanek, Petr/G-7117-2014; Vicha, Jakub/G-8440-2014; Rodriguez Frias, Maria /A-7608-2015; Inst. of Physics, Gleb Wataghin/A-9780-2017; De Mitri, Ivan/C-1728-2017; Rodriguez Fernandez, Gonzalo/C-1432-2014; Nosek, Dalibor/F-1129-2017; de Almeida, Rogerio/L-4584-2016; De Domenico, Manlio/B-5826-2014; Abreu, Pedro/L-2220-2014; Navas, Sergio/N-4649-2014; Blanco, Francisco/F-1131-2015; Conceicao, Ruben/L-2971-2014; Bueno, Antonio/F-3875-2015; Sao Carlos Institute of Physics, IFSC/USP/M-2664-2016; Beatty, James/D-9310-2011; Guarino, Fausto/I-3166-2012; Bonino, Raffaella/S-2367-2016; Vazquez, Jose Ramon/K-2272-2015; Martello, Daniele/J-3131-2012; Insolia, Antonio/M-3447-2015; Petrolini, Alessandro/H-3782-2011; de Mello Neto, Joao/C-5822-2013; Lozano-Bahilo, Julio/F-4881-2016; scuderi, mario/O-7019-2014; zas, enrique/I-5556-2015; Sarkar, Subir/G-5978-2011; Arqueros, Fernando/K-9460-2014; Moura Santos, Edivaldo/K-5313-2016; Gouffon, Philippe/I-4549-2012; Ros, German/L-4764-2014; Brogueira, Pedro/K-3868-2012; Alves Batista, Rafael/K-6642-2012; Dutan, Ioana/C-2337-2011; Sima, Octavian/C-3565-2011; Di Giulio, Claudio/B-3319-2015; Parente, Gonzalo/G-8264-2015; Alvarez-Muniz, Jaime/H-1857-2015; Valino, Ines/J-8324-2012; Carvalho Jr., Washington/H-9855-2015; Espadanal, Joao/I-6618-2015; De Donato, Cinzia/J-9132-2015; Yushkov, Alexey/A-6958-2013; Bleve, Carla/J-2521-2012; Falcke, Heino/H-5262-2012; Chinellato, Carola Dobrigkeit /F-2540-2011; Badescu, Alina/B-6087-2012; de souza, Vitor/D-1381-2012; Ebr, Jan/H-8319-2012; Anjos, Joao/C-8335-2013; Fauth, Anderson/F-9570-2012; Caramete, Laurentiu/C-2328-2011; Nierstenhofer, Nils/H-3699-2013; Pakk Selmi-Dei, Daniel/H-2675-2013; Travnicek, Petr/G-8814-2014; Smida, Radomir/G-6314-2014; Ridky, Jan/H-6184-2014; Chudoba, Jiri/G-7737-2014; Horvath, Pavel/G-6334-2014; Todero Peixoto, Carlos Jose/G-3873-2012; Garcia Pinto, Diego/J-6724-2014; Pastor, Sergio/J-6902-2014; Rosado, Jaime/K-9109-2014; Espirito Santo, Maria Catarina/L-2341-2014; Pimenta, Mario/M-1741-2013 OI Garcia, Beatriz/0000-0003-0919-2734; Del Peral, Luis/0000-0003-2580-5668; Coutu, Stephane/0000-0003-2923-2246; Knapp, Johannes/0000-0003-1519-1383; Bonino, Raffaella/0000-0002-4264-1215; Mussa, Roberto/0000-0002-0294-9071; La Rosa, Giovanni/0000-0002-3931-2269; Asorey, Hernan/0000-0002-4559-8785; Rizi, Vincenzo/0000-0002-5277-6527; Petrera, Sergio/0000-0002-6029-1255; Andringa, Sofia/0000-0002-6397-9207; Aramo, Carla/0000-0002-8412-3846; Kothandan, Divay/0000-0001-9048-7518; Castellina, Antonella/0000-0002-0045-2467; maldera, simone/0000-0002-0698-4421; Matthews, James/0000-0002-1832-4420; Yuan, Guofeng/0000-0002-1907-8815; Mertsch, Philipp/0000-0002-2197-3421; Marsella, Giovanni/0000-0002-3152-8874; Goncalves, Patricia /0000-0003-2042-3759; Assis, Pedro/0000-0001-7765-3606; Tome, Bernardo/0000-0002-7564-8392; dos Santos, Eva/0000-0002-0474-8863; Prouza, Michael/0000-0002-3238-9597; Cazon, Lorenzo/0000-0001-6748-8395; Catalano, Osvaldo/0000-0002-9554-4128; Ravignani, Diego/0000-0001-7410-8522; Segreto, Alberto/0000-0001-7341-6603; Aglietta, Marco/0000-0001-8354-5388; Maccarone, Maria Concetta/0000-0001-8722-0361; Rodriguez Frias, Maria /0000-0002-2550-4462; De Mitri, Ivan/0000-0002-8665-1730; Rodriguez Fernandez, Gonzalo/0000-0002-4683-230X; Nosek, Dalibor/0000-0001-6219-200X; Gomez Berisso, Mariano/0000-0001-5530-0180; Salamida, Francesco/0000-0002-9306-8447; de Almeida, Rogerio/0000-0003-3104-2724; De Domenico, Manlio/0000-0001-5158-8594; Abreu, Pedro/0000-0002-9973-7314; Navas, Sergio/0000-0003-1688-5758; Blanco, Francisco/0000-0003-4332-434X; Conceicao, Ruben/0000-0003-4945-5340; Bueno, Antonio/0000-0002-7439-4247; Beatty, James/0000-0003-0481-4952; Guarino, Fausto/0000-0003-1427-9885; Vazquez, Jose Ramon/0000-0001-9217-5219; Martello, Daniele/0000-0003-2046-3910; Insolia, Antonio/0000-0002-9040-1566; Petrolini, Alessandro/0000-0003-0222-7594; de Mello Neto, Joao/0000-0002-3234-6634; Lozano-Bahilo, Julio/0000-0003-0613-140X; scuderi, mario/0000-0001-9026-5317; zas, enrique/0000-0002-4430-8117; Sarkar, Subir/0000-0002-3542-858X; Arqueros, Fernando/0000-0002-4930-9282; Moura Santos, Edivaldo/0000-0002-2818-8813; Gouffon, Philippe/0000-0001-7511-4115; Ros, German/0000-0001-6623-1483; Brogueira, Pedro/0000-0001-6069-4073; Alves Batista, Rafael/0000-0003-2656-064X; Di Giulio, Claudio/0000-0002-0597-4547; Parente, Gonzalo/0000-0003-2847-0461; Alvarez-Muniz, Jaime/0000-0002-2367-0803; Valino, Ines/0000-0001-7823-0154; Carvalho Jr., Washington/0000-0002-2328-7628; Espadanal, Joao/0000-0002-1301-8061; De Donato, Cinzia/0000-0002-9725-1281; Falcke, Heino/0000-0002-2526-6724; Chinellato, Carola Dobrigkeit /0000-0002-1236-0789; Ebr, Jan/0000-0001-8807-6162; Fauth, Anderson/0000-0001-7239-0288; Ridky, Jan/0000-0001-6697-1393; Horvath, Pavel/0000-0002-6710-5339; Todero Peixoto, Carlos Jose/0000-0003-3669-8212; Garcia Pinto, Diego/0000-0003-1348-6735; Rosado, Jaime/0000-0001-8208-9480; Espirito Santo, Maria Catarina/0000-0003-1286-7288; Pimenta, Mario/0000-0002-2590-0908 NR 59 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 3 U2 62 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1748-0221 J9 J INSTRUM JI J. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 7 AR P10011 DI 10.1088/1748-0221/7/10/P10011 PG 49 WC Instruments & Instrumentation SC Instruments & Instrumentation GA 033XN UT WOS:000310834800021 ER PT J AU Albrow, MG Kim, H Los, S Mazzillo, M Ramberg, E Ronzhin, A Samoylenko, V Wenzel, H Zatserklyaniy, A AF Albrow, M. G. Kim, Heejong Los, S. Mazzillo, M. Ramberg, E. Ronzhin, A. Samoylenko, V. Wenzel, H. Zatserklyaniy, A. TI Quartz Cherenkov counters for fast timing: QUARTIC SO JOURNAL OF INSTRUMENTATION LA English DT Article DE Cherenkov detectors; Timing detectors; Radiation-hard detectors; Instrumentation and methods for time-of-flight (TOF) spectroscopy ID SILICON PHOTOMULTIPLIERS; MCP-PMT; DETECTORS AB We have developed particle detectors based on fused silica (quartz) Cherenkov radiators read out with microchannel plate photomultipliers (MCP-PMTs) or silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs) for high precision timing (sigma(t) similar to 10-15 ps). One application is to measure the times of small angle protons from exclusive reactions, p + p -> p + X + p, at the Large Hadron Collider, LHC. They may also be used to measure directional particle fluxes close to external or stored beams. The detectors have small areas (cm(2)), but need to be active very close (similar to 4 mm) to the intense LHC beam, and so must be radiation hard and nearly edgeless. We present results of tests of detectors with quartz bars inclined at the Cherenkov angle, and with bars in the form of an "L" (with a 90 degrees corner). We also describe a possible design for a fast timing hodoscope with few mm(2) elements. C1 [Albrow, M. G.; Los, S.; Ramberg, E.; Ronzhin, A.; Wenzel, H.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. [Kim, Heejong] Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Mazzillo, M.] STMicroelectronics, I-95121 Catania, Italy. [Samoylenko, V.] Inst High Energy Phys, RU-142284 Protvino, Russia. [Zatserklyaniy, A.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Inst Particle Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. RP Albrow, MG (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Wilson Rd, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. EM albrow@fnal.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy through Fermilab FX Some of the earlier studies were carried out in collaboration with J.Va'vra (LBNL), A.Brandt (University of Texas at Arlington), J.Pinfold and Shengli Liu (Univ. Alberta). S.Hentschel (Fermilab) designed the L-bar detectors. We thank Jon Howarth (PHOTEK) for loans of MCP-PMTs, and STMicroelectronics for SiPMs. M. Tobin, C. Nicholson and E.A. Wilson (Fermilab summer students) developed GEANT simulations. We thank Aria Soha for test beam support. We thank Chien-Min Kao for support. We thank the U.S. Department of Energy for support through Fermilab. NR 23 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 3 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1748-0221 J9 J INSTRUM JI J. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 7 AR P10027 DI 10.1088/1748-0221/7/10/P10027 PG 24 WC Instruments & Instrumentation SC Instruments & Instrumentation GA 033XN UT WOS:000310834800037 ER PT J AU Anderson, C Antonello, M Baller, B Bolton, T Bromberg, C Cavanna, F Church, E Edmunds, D Ereditato, A Farooq, S Fleming, B Greenlee, H Guenette, R Haug, S Horton-Smith, G James, C Klein, E Lang, K Laurens, P Linden, S McKee, D Mehdiyev, R Page, B Palamara, O Partyka, K Rameika, G Rebel, B Rossi, B Soderberg, M Spitz, J Szelc, AM Weber, M Yang, T Zeller, GP AF Anderson, C. Antonello, M. Baller, B. Bolton, T. Bromberg, C. Cavanna, F. Church, E. Edmunds, D. Ereditato, A. Farooq, S. Fleming, B. Greenlee, H. Guenette, R. Haug, S. Horton-Smith, G. James, C. Klein, E. Lang, K. Laurens, P. Linden, S. McKee, D. Mehdiyev, R. Page, B. Palamara, O. Partyka, K. Rameika, G. Rebel, B. Rossi, B. Soderberg, M. Spitz, J. Szelc, A. M. Weber, M. Yang, T. Zeller, G. P. TI Analysis of a large sample of neutrino-induced muons with the ArgoNeuT detector SO JOURNAL OF INSTRUMENTATION LA English DT Article DE Time projection Chambers (TPC); Noble-liquid detectors (scintillation, ionization two-phase); Data analysis ID LIQUID-ARGON AB ArgoNeuT, or Argon Neutrino Test, is a 170 liter liquid argon time projection chamber designed to collect neutrino interactions from the NuMI beam at Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory. ArgoNeuT operated in the NuMI low-energy beam line directly upstream of the MINOS Near Detector from September 2009 to February 2010, during which thousands of neutrino and anti-neutrino events were collected. The MINOS Near Detector was used to measure muons down-stream of ArgoNeuT. Though ArgoNeuT is primarily an R&D project, the data collected provide a unique opportunity to measure neutrino cross sections in the 0.1-10 GeV energy range. Fully reconstructing the muon from these interactions is imperative for these measurements. This paper focuses on the complete kinematic reconstruction of neutrino-induced through-going muons tracks. Analysis of this high statistics sample of minimum ionizing tracks demonstrates the reliability of the geometric and calorimetric reconstruction in the ArgoNeuT detector. C1 [Baller, B.; Greenlee, H.; James, C.; Rameika, G.; Rebel, B.; Soderberg, M.; Yang, T.; Zeller, G. P.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. [Antonello, M.; Palamara, O.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Gran Sasso, Assergi, Italy. [Anderson, C.; Cavanna, F.; Church, E.; Fleming, B.; Guenette, R.; Klein, E.; Linden, S.; Palamara, O.; Partyka, K.; Spitz, J.; Szelc, A. M.] Yale Univ, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [Bolton, T.; Farooq, S.; Horton-Smith, G.; McKee, D.] Kansas State Univ, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Bromberg, C.; Edmunds, D.; Laurens, P.; Page, B.] Michigan State Univ, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Cavanna, F.] Univ Aquila, I-67100 Laquila, Italy. [Cavanna, F.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-67100 Laquila, Italy. [Ereditato, A.; Haug, S.; Rossi, B.; Weber, M.] Univ Bern, Bern, Switzerland. [Lang, K.; Mehdiyev, R.] Univ Texas Austin, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Soderberg, M.] Syracuse Univ, Syracuse, NY 13244 USA. RP Soderberg, M (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. EM msoderbe@syr.edu RI Horton-Smith, Glenn/A-4409-2011; OI Horton-Smith, Glenn/0000-0001-9677-9167; Rossi, Biagio/0000-0002-0807-8772; Spitz, Joshua/0000-0002-6288-7028; Weber, Michele/0000-0002-2770-9031; Cavanna, Flavio/0000-0002-5586-9964 FU Fermilab; Department of Energy; National Science Foundation FX We gratefully acknowledge the cooperation of the MINOS collaboration in providing their data for use in this analysis. We also wish to acknowledge the support of Fermilab, the Department of Energy, and the National Science Foundation in ArgoNeuT's construction, operation, and data analysis. NR 19 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 6 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1748-0221 J9 J INSTRUM JI J. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 7 AR P10020 DI 10.1088/1748-0221/7/10/P10020 PG 14 WC Instruments & Instrumentation SC Instruments & Instrumentation GA 033XN UT WOS:000310834800030 ER PT J AU Anderson, C Antonello, M Baller, B Bolton, T Bromberg, C Cavanna, F Church, E Edmunds, D Ereditato, A Farooq, S Fleming, B Greenlee, H Guenette, R Haug, S Horton-Smith, G James, C Klein, E Lang, K Lathrop, A Laurens, P Linden, S McKee, D Mehdiyev, R Page, B Palamara, O Partyka, K Pordes, S Rameika, G Rebel, B Rossi, B Sanders, R Soderberg, M Spitz, J Szelc, AM Weber, M Wongjirad, T Yang, T Zeller, GP AF Anderson, C. Antonello, M. Baller, B. Bolton, T. Bromberg, C. Cavanna, F. Church, E. Edmunds, D. Ereditato, A. Farooq, S. Fleming, B. Greenlee, H. Guenette, R. Haug, S. Horton-Smith, G. James, C. Klein, E. Lang, K. Lathrop, A. Laurens, P. Linden, S. McKee, D. Mehdiyev, R. Page, B. Palamara, O. Partyka, K. Pordes, S. Rameika, G. Rebel, B. Rossi, B. Sanders, R. Soderberg, M. Spitz, J. Szelc, A. M. Weber, M. Wongjirad, T. Yang, T. Zeller, G. P. TI The ArgoNeuT detector in the NuMI low-energy beam line at Fermilab SO JOURNAL OF INSTRUMENTATION LA English DT Article DE Noble-liquid detectors (scintillation, ionization two-phase); Time projection Chambers (TPC); Data analysis ID LIQUID ARGON; ELECTRON-ATTACHMENT; RECOMBINATION; PURIFICATION; IONIZATION; NITROGEN; DESIGN; OXYGEN; XENON; TPC AB The ArgoNeuT liquid argon time projection chamber has collected thousands of neutrino and anti-neutrino events during an extended run period in the NuMI beam-line at Fermilab. This paper focuses on the main aspects of the detector layout and related technical features, including the cryogenic equipment, time projection chamber, read-out electronics, and off-line data treatment. The detector commissioning phase, physics run, and first neutrino event displays are also reported. The characterization of the main working parameters of the detector during data-taking, the ionization electron drift velocity and lifetime in liquid argon, as obtained from through-going muon data complete the present report. C1 [Anderson, C.; Cavanna, F.; Church, E.; Fleming, B.; Guenette, R.; Klein, E.; Linden, S.; Palamara, O.; Partyka, K.; Spitz, J.; Szelc, A. M.; Wongjirad, T.] Yale Univ, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [Antonello, M.; Palamara, O.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Gran Sasso, Assergi, Italy. [Baller, B.; Greenlee, H.; James, C.; Lathrop, A.; Pordes, S.; Rameika, G.; Rebel, B.; Sanders, R.; Soderberg, M.; Yang, T.; Zeller, G. P.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. [Bolton, T.; Farooq, S.; Horton-Smith, G.; McKee, D.] Kansas State Univ, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Bromberg, C.; Edmunds, D.; Laurens, P.; Page, B.] Michigan State Univ, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Cavanna, F.] Univ Aquila, I-67100 Laquila, Italy. [Cavanna, F.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Laquila, Italy. [Ereditato, A.; Haug, S.; Rossi, B.; Weber, M.] Univ Bern, Bern, Switzerland. [Lang, K.; Mehdiyev, R.] Univ Texas Austin, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Soderberg, M.] Syracuse Univ, Syracuse, NY 13244 USA. RP Cavanna, F (reprint author), Yale Univ, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. EM flavio.cavanna@aquila.infn.it RI Horton-Smith, Glenn/A-4409-2011; OI Horton-Smith, Glenn/0000-0001-9677-9167; Rossi, Biagio/0000-0002-0807-8772; Spitz, Joshua/0000-0002-6288-7028 FU National Science Foundation; Department of Energy; Fermilab FX We wish to acknowledge the support of the National Science Foundation, the Department of Energy, and Fermilab in ArgoNeuT's construction, operation, and data analysis. In particular, we warmly thank the Fermilab Particle Physics Division technician crew led by J. Voirin for the invaluable contributions throughout the ArgoNeuT project, R. Schmitt and D. Markley for the essential contributions in the implementation of the cryogenic and process-monitoring systems, M. Proga (UT-Austin) for design and construction of detector components and the technician crew based at the Fermilab Proton Assembly Building for the expert assistance during detector commissioning. The ArgoNeuT Collaboration acknowledges the cooperation of the MINOS Collaboration during the physics run and for providing their data for use in the analysis. NR 36 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 9 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1748-0221 J9 J INSTRUM JI J. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 7 AR P10019 DI 10.1088/1748-0221/7/10/P10019 PG 44 WC Instruments & Instrumentation SC Instruments & Instrumentation GA 033XN UT WOS:000310834800029 ER PT J AU Anderson, J Andreani, A Andreazza, A Annovi, A Atkinson, M Auerbach, B Beretta, M Bevacqua, V Blair, R Blazey, G Bogdan, M Boveia, A Canelli, F Castegnaro, A Cavaliere, V Cervigni, F Chang, P Cheng, Y Citterio, M Crescioli, F Dell'Orso, M Drake, G Dunford, M Fabbri, L Favareto, A Franchini, M Geer, S Giannetti, P Giannuzzi, F Giorgi, F Gruenendahl, S Li, HL Hoff, J Iizawa, T Jamieson, O Kapliy, A Kasten, M Kim, YK Kimura, N Lanza, A Lasagni, F Liberali, V Liu, T Magalotti, D McCarn, A Melachrinos, C Meroni, C Mitani, T Murat, P Negri, A Neubauer, M Okumura, Y Penning, B Piendibene, M Proudfoot, J Roda, C Sacco, I Sakurai, Y Sbarra, C Shochet, M Stabile, A Tang, J Tang, F Tompkins, L Tripiccione, R Tuggle, J Valentinetti, S Vercesi, V Verzocchi, M Villa, M Volpi, G Webster, J Yorita, K Zhang, J Zoccolio, A AF Anderson, J. Andreani, A. Andreazza, A. Annovi, A. Atkinson, M. Auerbach, B. Beretta, M. Bevacqua, V. Blair, R. Blazey, G. Bogdan, M. Boveia, A. Canelli, F. Castegnaro, A. Cavaliere, V. Cervigni, F. Chang, P. Cheng, Y. Citterio, M. Crescioli, F. Dell'Orso, M. Drake, G. Dunford, M. Fabbri, L. Favareto, A. Franchini, M. Geer, S. Giannetti, P. Giannuzzi, F. Giorgi, F. Gruenendahl, S. Li, H. -L. Hoff, J. Iizawa, T. Jamieson, O. Kapliy, A. Kasten, M. Kim, Y. K. Kimura, N. Lanza, A. Lasagni, F. Liberali, V. Liu, T. Magalotti, D. McCarn, A. Melachrinos, C. Meroni, C. Mitani, T. Murat, P. Negri, A. Neubauer, M. Okumura, Y. Penning, B. Piendibene, M. Proudfoot, J. Roda, C. Sacco, I. Sakurai, Y. Sbarra, C. Shochet, M. Stabile, A. Tang, J. Tang, F. Tompkins, L. Tripiccione, R. Tuggle, J. Valentinetti, S. Vercesi, V. Verzocchi, M. Villa, M. Volpi, G. Webster, J. Yorita, K. Zhang, J. Zoccolio, A. TI FTK: a Fast Track Trigger for ATLAS SO JOURNAL OF INSTRUMENTATION LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Workshop on Intelligent Trackers (WIT) CY MAY 03-05, 2012 CL INFN, Pisa, ITALY HO INFN DE Trigger concepts and systems (hardware and software); Trigger algorithms AB We describe the design and expected performance of a the Fast Tracker Trigger (FTK) system for the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider. The FTK is a highly parallel hardware system designed to operate at the Level 1 trigger output rate. It is designed to provide global tracks reconstructed in the inner detector with resolution comparable to the full offline reconstruction as input of the Level 2 trigger processing. The hardware system is based on associative memories for pattern recognition and fast FPGAs for track reconstruction. The FTK is expected to dramatically improve the performance of track based isolation and b-tagging with little to no dependencies of pile-up interactions. C1 [Bogdan, M.; Boveia, A.; Canelli, F.; Cheng, Y.; Dunford, M.; Li, H. -L.; Kapliy, A.; Kim, Y. K.; Melachrinos, C.; Okumura, Y.; Penning, B.; Shochet, M.; Tang, J.; Tang, F.; Tompkins, L.; Tuggle, J.; Volpi, G.; Webster, J.] Univ Chicago, Dept Phys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Bogdan, M.; Boveia, A.; Canelli, F.; Cheng, Y.; Dunford, M.; Li, H. -L.; Kapliy, A.; Kim, Y. K.; Melachrinos, C.; Okumura, Y.; Penning, B.; Shochet, M.; Tang, J.; Tang, F.; Tompkins, L.; Tuggle, J.; Volpi, G.; Webster, J.] Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Bevacqua, V.; Crescioli, F.; Dell'Orso, M.; Giannetti, P.; Piendibene, M.; Roda, C.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pisa, Pisa, Italy. [Annovi, A.; Beretta, M.; Castegnaro, A.; Magalotti, D.; Volpi, G.] INFN, Lab Nazl, Frascati, Italy. [Bevacqua, V.; Crescioli, F.; Dell'Orso, M.; Piendibene, M.; Roda, C.] Univ Pisa, Dept Phys, I-56100 Pisa, Italy. [Atkinson, M.; Cavaliere, V.; Chang, P.; Kasten, M.; McCarn, A.] Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, Urbana, IL USA. [Anderson, J.; Auerbach, B.; Blair, R.; Drake, G.; Proudfoot, J.; Zhang, J.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Tripiccione, R.] Univ Ferrara, Dept Phys, I-44100 Ferrara, Italy. [Iizawa, T.; Kimura, N.; Mitani, T.; Sakurai, Y.; Yorita, K.] Waseda Univ, Dept Phys, Waseda, Japan. Univ Harward, Dept Phys, Harvard, MA USA. [Canelli, F.; Geer, S.; Gruenendahl, S.; Hoff, J.; Jamieson, O.; Kim, Y. K.; Liu, T.; Murat, P.; Okumura, Y.; Penning, B.; Verzocchi, M.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Fermilab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. [Lanza, A.; Negri, A.; Vercesi, V.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pavia, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. [Negri, A.] Univ Pavia, Dept Phys, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. [Andreani, A.; Andreazza, A.; Citterio, M.; Favareto, A.; Liberali, V.; Meroni, C.; Stabile, A.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Milano, I-20133 Milan, Italy. [Andreani, A.; Andreazza, A.; Favareto, A.; Liberali, V.; Stabile, A.] Univ Milan, Dept Phys, Milan, Italy. [Fabbri, L.; Franchini, M.; Giannuzzi, F.; Giorgi, F.; Lasagni, F.; Sbarra, C.; Valentinetti, S.; Villa, M.; Zoccolio, A.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bologna, I-40126 Bologna, Italy. [Fabbri, L.; Franchini, M.; Giannuzzi, F.; Lasagni, F.; Valentinetti, S.; Villa, M.; Zoccolio, A.] Univ Bologna, Dept Phys, I-40126 Bologna, Italy. [Blazey, G.] No Illinois Univ, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA. [Cervigni, F.; Magalotti, D.] Univ Perugia, Dept Phys, I-06100 Perugia, Italy. Univ Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark. [Sacco, I.] Heidelberg Univ, Inst Comp Engn, Heidelberg, Germany. RP Penning, B (reprint author), Univ Chicago, Dept Phys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. EM penning@cern.ch RI Stabile, Alberto/F-2889-2013; Annovi, Alberto/G-6028-2012; Andreazza, Attilio/E-5642-2011; Fabbri, Laura/H-3442-2012; Villa, Mauro/C-9883-2009; Giorgi, Filippo Maria/I-7602-2012; Stabile, Alberto/L-3419-2016; OI Annovi, Alberto/0000-0002-4649-4398; Andreazza, Attilio/0000-0001-5161-5759; Fabbri, Laura/0000-0002-4002-8353; Villa, Mauro/0000-0002-9181-8048; Giorgi, Filippo Maria/0000-0003-1589-2163; Stabile, Alberto/0000-0002-6868-8329; Blazey, Gerald/0000-0002-7435-5758; tripiccione, raffaele/0000-0002-8516-2492; Volpi, Guido/0000-0003-1058-8883; Liberali, Valentino/0000-0003-1333-6876 NR 12 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 12 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1748-0221 J9 J INSTRUM JI J. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 7 AR C10002 DI 10.1088/1748-0221/7/10/C10002 PG 10 WC Instruments & Instrumentation SC Instruments & Instrumentation GA 033XN UT WOS:000310834800002 ER PT J AU Chatrchyan, S Khachatryan, V Sirunyan, AM Tumasyan, A Mossolov, V Shumeiko, N Cornelis, T Ochesanu, S Roland, B Staykova, Z Van Haevermaet, H Van Mechelen, P Van Spilbeeck, A Alves, GA Junior, MCM Martins, T Pol, ME Vaz, M Junior, WLA Carvalho, W Chinellato, J Martins, CDO Figueiredo, DM Manganote, E Molina, J Mundim, L Nogima, H Da Silva, WLP Santoro, A Zachi, A Finger, M Finger, M Tsamalaidze, Z Borras, K Gunnelini, P Jung, H Knutsson, A Lutz, B Cipriano, PMR Sen, N Baus, C Katkov, I Ulrich, R Wohrmann, H Panagiotou, A Bencze, G Horvath, D Beri, SB Gupta, R Kaur, M Mittal, M Nishu, N Saini, LK Banerjee, S Bhattacharya, S Gomber, B Jain, S Khurana, R Sharan, M Aziz, T Maity, M Majumder, G Mazumdar, K Mohanty, GB Sudhakar, K Banerjee, S Dugad, S Etesami, SM Fahim, A Jafari, A Mehdiabadi, SP Zeinali, M Penzo, A Afanasyev, A Bunin, P Ershov, Y Fedoseev, O Gavrilenko, M Golutvin, I Gorbunov, I Konoplynikov, V Malakhov, A Moisenz, P Smirnov, V Volodko, A Zarubin, A Andreev, Y Dermenev, A Krasnikov, N Pashenkov, A Tlisov, D Toropin, A Epshteyn, V Erofeeva, M Gavrilov, V Kossov, M Kudinov, I Lychkovskaya, N Popov, V Safronov, G Semenov, S Stolin, V Vlasov, E Zhokin, A Belyaev, A Boos, E Demiyanov, A Dubinin, M Dudko, L Ershov, A Gribushin, A Kaminskiy, A Klyukhin, V Kodolova, O Korotkikh, V Lokhtin, I Markina, A Obraztsov, S Perfilov, M Petrushanko, S Savrin, APV Snigirev, A Vardanyan, I Andreev, V Azarkin, M Dremin, I Kirakosyan, M Leonidov, A Mesyats, G Vinogradov, A Bayshev, I Bitioukov, S Grishin, V Krychkine, V Petrov, V Ryutin, R Sobol, A Tourtchanovitch, L Troshin, S Uzunian, A Volkov, A Santanastasio, F Adiguzel, A Bakirci, MN Cerci, S Dozen, C Dumanoglu, I Eskut, E Girgis, S Gokbulut, G Gurpinar, E Hos, I Kangal, EE Karapinar, G Topaksu, AK Onengut, G Ozdemir, K Ozturk, S Polatoz, A Sogut, K Cerci, DS Tali, B Topakli, H Vergili, LN Vergili, M Aliev, T Deniz, M Guler, AM Ozpineci, A Serin, M Sever, R Zeyrek, M Deliomeroglu, M Guelmez, E Isildak, B Kaya, M Kaya, O Ozkorucuklu, S Sonmez, N Cankocak, K Levchuk, L Hatakeyama, K Liu, H Scarborough, T Rumerio, P Heister, A Hill, C Lawson, P Lazic, D Rohlf, J St John, J Sulak, L Gennadiy, G Laird, E Landsberg, G Narain, M Sinthuprasith, T Tsang, KV Long, OW Nguyen, H Paramesvaran, S Sturdy, J Stuart, D To, W West, C Apresyan, A Chen, Y Mott, A Spiropulu, M Winn, D Abdullin, S Anderson, J Chlebana, F Freeman, J Green, D Hanlon, J Hirschauer, J Joshi, U Kunori, S Los, S Musienko, Y Sharma, S Shaw, T Spalding, WJ Tkaczyk, S Vidal, R Whitmore, J Wu, W Gaultney, V Linn, S Markowitz, P Martinez, G Gleyzer, SV Hagopian, S Hagopian, V Jenkins, M Baarmand, MM Dorney, B Vodopiyanov, I Akgun, U Albayrak, EA Bilki, B Clarida, W Duru, F Merlo, JP Mermerkaya, H Mestvirishvili, A Moeller, A Nachtman, J Newsom, CR Norbeck, E Olson, J Onel, Y Ozok, F Sen, S Schmidt, I Tiras, E Yetkin, T Yi, K Kenny, RP Murray, M Wood, JS Baden, A Calvert, B Eno, SC Gomez, JA Grassi, T Hadley, NJ Kellogg, RG Kolberg, T Lu, Y Marionneau, M Mignerey, AC Peterman, A Skuja, A Temple, J Tonjes, MB Kao, SC Klapoetke, K Mans, J Pastika, N Kroeger, R Rahmat, R Sanders, DA Cremaldi, L Jain, S Anastassov, A Velasco, M Won, S Heering, A Karmgard, J Pearson, T Ruchti, R Berry, E Halyo, V Hebda, P Hunt, A Lujan, P Marlow, D Medvedeva, T Saka, H Tully, C Zuranski, A Barnes, VE Laasanen, AT Bodek, A Chung, YS de Barbaro, P Eshaq, Y Garcia-Bellido, A Goldenzweig, P Han, J Harel, A Miner, DC Vishnevskiy, D Zielinski, M Bhatti, A Ciesielski, R Flanagan, W Kamon, T Montalvo, R Sakuma, T Akchurin, N Damgov, J Dudero, PR Kovitanggoon, K Lee, SW Libeiro, T Volobouev, I Gurrola, A Milstene, C AF Chatrchyan, S. Khachatryan, V. Sirunyan, A. M. Tumasyan, A. Mossolov, V. Shumeiko, N. Cornelis, T. Ochesanu, S. Roland, B. Staykova, Z. Van Haevermaet, H. Van Mechelen, P. Van Spilbeeck, A. Alves, G. A. Junior, M. C. M. Martins, T. Pol, M. E. Vaz, M. Junior, W. L. Alda Carvalho, W. Chinellato, J. Martins, C. De Oliveira Figueiredo, D. Matos Manganote, E. Molina, J. Mundim, L. Nogima, H. Da Silva, W. L. Prado Santoro, A. Zachi, A. Finger, M. Finger, M., Jr. Tsamalaidze, Z. Borras, K. Gunnelini, P. Jung, H. Knutsson, A. Lutz, B. Cipriano, P. M. Ribeiro Sen, N. Baus, C. Katkov, I. Ulrich, R. Wohrmann, H. Panagiotou, A. Bencze, G. Horvath, D. Beri, S. B. Gupta, R. Kaur, M. Mittal, M. Nishu, N. Saini, L. K. Banerjee, S. Bhattacharya, S. Gomber, B. Jain, Sh. Khurana, R. Sharan, M. Aziz, T. Maity, M. Majumder, G. Mazumdar, K. Mohanty, G. B. Sudhakar, K. Banerjee, S. Dugad, S. Etesami, S. M. Fahim, A. Jafari, A. Mehdiabadi, S. Paktinat Zeinali, M. Penzo, A. Afanasyev, A. Bunin, P. Ershov, Y. Fedoseev, O. Gavrilenko, M. Golutvin, I. Gorbunov, I. Konoplynikov, V. Malakhov, A. Moisenz, P. Smirnov, V. Volodko, A. Zarubin, A. Andreev, Y. Dermenev, A. Krasnikov, N. Pashenkov, A. Tlisov, D. Toropin, A. Epshteyn, V. Erofeeva, M. Gavrilov, V. Kossov, M. Kudinov, I. Lychkovskaya, N. Popov, V. Safronov, G. Semenov, S. Stolin, V. Vlasov, E. Zhokin, A. Belyaev, A. Boos, E. Demiyanov, A. Dubinin, M. Dudko, L. Ershov, A. Gribushin, A. Kaminskiy, A. Klyukhin, V. Kodolova, O. Korotkikh, V. Lokhtin, I. Markina, A. Obraztsov, S. Perfilov, M. Petrushanko, S. Savrin, A. Popov V. Snigirev, A. Vardanyan, I. Andreev, V. Azarkin, M. Dremin, I. Kirakosyan, M. Leonidov, A. Mesyats, G. Vinogradov, A. Bayshev, I. Bitioukov, S. Grishin, V. Krychkine, V. Petrov, V. Ryutin, R. Sobol, A. Tourtchanovitch, L. Troshin, S. Uzunian, A. Volkov, A. Santanastasio, F. Adiguzel, A. Bakirci, M. N. Cerci, S. Dozen, C. Dumanoglu, I. Eskut, E. Girgis, S. Gokbulut, G. Gurpinar, E. Hos, I. Kangal, E. E. Karapinar, G. Topaksu, A. Kayis Onengut, G. Ozdemir, K. Ozturk, S. Polatoz, A. Sogut, K. Cerci, D. Sunar Tali, B. Topakli, H. Vergili, L. N. Vergili, M. Aliev, T. Deniz, M. Guler, A. M. Ozpineci, A. Serin, M. Sever, R. Zeyrek, M. Deliomeroglu, M. Guelmez, E. Isildak, B. Kaya, M. Kaya, O. Ozkorucuklu, S. Sonmez, N. Cankocak, K. Levchuk, L. Hatakeyama, K. Liu, H. Scarborough, T. Rumerio, P. Heister, A. Hill, C. Lawson, P. Lazic, D. Rohlf, J. St John, J. Sulak, L. Gennadiy, G. Laird, E. Landsberg, G. Narain, M. Sinthuprasith, T. Tsang, K. Vang Long, O. W. Nguyen, H. Paramesvaran, S. Sturdy, J. Stuart, D. To, W. West, C. Apresyan, A. Chen, Y. Mott, A. Spiropulu, M. Winn, D. Abdullin, S. Anderson, J. Chlebana, F. Freeman, J. Green, D. Hanlon, J. Hirschauer, J. Joshi, U. Kunori, S. Los, S. Musienko, Y. Sharma, S. Shaw, T. Spalding, W. J. Tkaczyk, S. Vidal, R. Whitmore, J. Wu, W. Gaultney, V. Linn, S. Markowitz, P. Martinez, G. Gleyzer, S. V. Hagopian, S. Hagopian, V. Jenkins, M. Baarmand, M. M. Dorney, B. Vodopiyanov, I. Akgun, U. Albayrak, E. A. Bilki, B. Clarida, W. Duru, F. Merlo, J. P. Mermerkaya, H. Mestvirishvili, A. Moeller, A. Nachtman, J. Newsom, C. R. Norbeck, E. Olson, J. Onel, Y. Ozok, F. Sen, S. Schmidt, I. Tiras, E. Yetkin, T. Yi, K. Kenny, R. P., III Murray, M. Wood, J. S. Baden, A. Calvert, B. Eno, S. C. Gomez, J. A. Grassi, T. Hadley, N. J. Kellogg, R. G. Kolberg, T. Lu, Y. Marionneau, M. Mignerey, A. C. Peterman, A. Skuja, A. Temple, J. Tonjes, M. B. Kao, S. C. Klapoetke, K. Mans, J. Pastika, N. Kroeger, R. Rahmat, R. Sanders, D. A. Cremaldi, L. Jain, S. Anastassov, A. Velasco, M. Won, S. Heering, A. Karmgard, J. Pearson, T. Ruchti, R. Berry, E. Halyo, V. Hebda, P. Hunt, A. Lujan, P. Marlow, D. Medvedeva, T. Saka, H. Tully, C. Zuranski, A. Barnes, V. E. Laasanen, A. T. Bodek, A. Chung, Y. S. de Barbaro, P. Eshaq, Y. Garcia-Bellido, A. Goldenzweig, P. Han, J. Harel, A. Miner, D. C. Vishnevskiy, D. Zielinski, M. Bhatti, A. Ciesielski, R. Flanagan, W. Kamon, T. Montalvo, R. Sakuma, T. Akchurin, N. Damgov, J. Dudero, P. R. Kovitanggoon, K. Lee, S. W. Libeiro, T. Volobouev, I. Gurrola, A. Milstene, C. CA CMS HCAL Collaboration TI Tests of CMS hadron forward calorimeter upgrade readout box prototype SO JOURNAL OF INSTRUMENTATION LA English DT Article DE Cherenkov detectors; Photon detectors for UV, visible and IR photons (vacuum); Calorimeters; Cherenkov and transition radiation ID DESIGN AB A readout box prototype for the CMS Hadron Forward calorimeter upgrade was built and tested in the CERN H2 beamline. The prototype was designed to enable simultaneous tests of different readout options for the four anode upgrade PMTs, new front-end electronics design and new cabling. The response of the PMTs with different readout options was uniform and the background response was minimal. Multi-channel readout options further enhanced the background elimination. Passing all the electronic, mechanical and physics tests, the readout box proved to be capable of providing the forward hadron calorimeter operational requirements in the upgrade era. C1 [Ozturk, S.; Akgun, U.; Albayrak, E. A.; Bilki, B.; Clarida, W.; Duru, F.; Merlo, J. P.; Mermerkaya, H.; Mestvirishvili, A.; Moeller, A.; Nachtman, J.; Newsom, C. R.; Norbeck, E.; Olson, J.; Onel, Y.; Ozok, F.; Sen, S.; Schmidt, I.; Tiras, E.; Yetkin, T.; Yi, K.] Univ Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. [Chatrchyan, S.; Khachatryan, V.; Sirunyan, A. M.; Tumasyan, A.] Yerevan Phys Inst, Yerevan 375036, Armenia. [Mossolov, V.; Shumeiko, N.] Natl Ctr Particle & High Energy Phys, Minsk, Byelarus. [Cornelis, T.; Ochesanu, S.; Roland, B.; Staykova, Z.; Van Haevermaet, H.; Van Mechelen, P.; Van Spilbeeck, A.] Univ Antwerp, B-2020 Antwerp, Belgium. [Alves, G. A.; Junior, M. C. M.; Martins, T.; Pol, M. E.; Vaz, M.] Ctr Brasileiro Pesquisas Fis, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. [Junior, W. L. 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EM Burak.Bilki@cern.ch RI Demianov, Andrei/E-4565-2012; Gribushin, Andrei/J-4225-2012; Leonidov, Andrey/P-3197-2014; Sen, Sercan/C-6473-2014; Dremin, Igor/K-8053-2015; Leonidov, Andrey/M-4440-2013; Andreev, Vladimir/M-8665-2015; Azarkin, Maxim/N-2578-2015; Kirakosyan, Martin/N-2701-2015; Inst. of Physics, Gleb Wataghin/A-9780-2017; Lokhtin, Igor/D-7004-2012; Dudko, Lev/D-7127-2012; Mundim, Luiz/A-1291-2012; Petrushanko, Sergey/D-6880-2012; Alves, Gilvan/C-4007-2013; Hill, Christopher/B-5371-2012; Manganote, Edmilson/K-8251-2013; Markina, Anastasia/E-3390-2012; Marlow, Daniel/C-9132-2014; Santoro, Alberto/E-7932-2014; Max, Mad/E-5238-2010 OI Sogut, Kenan/0000-0002-9682-2855; Sen, Sercan/0000-0001-7325-1087; Baarmand, Marc/0000-0002-9792-8619; Bilki, Burak/0000-0001-9515-3306; Dudko, Lev/0000-0002-4462-3192; Mundim, Luiz/0000-0001-9964-7805; Hill, Christopher/0000-0003-0059-0779; Max, Mad/0000-0001-6966-6829 FU U.S. Department of Energy; U.S. National Science Foundation; RMKI-KFKI (Hungary); Russian Ministry of Education and Science; Russian State Committee for Atomic Energy, Scientific and Technical Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK); Turkish Atomic Energy Agency (TAEK); Bogazici University Research Fund FX This project was carried out with financial support from U.S. Department of Energy, U.S. National Science Foundation, RMKI-KFKI (Hungary), Russian Ministry of Education and Science, Russian State Committee for Atomic Energy, Scientific and Technical Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK), Turkish Atomic Energy Agency (TAEK) and Bogazici University Research Fund. NR 6 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 21 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1748-0221 J9 J INSTRUM JI J. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 7 AR P10015 DI 10.1088/1748-0221/7/10/P10015 PG 20 WC Instruments & Instrumentation SC Instruments & Instrumentation GA 033XN UT WOS:000310834800025 ER PT J AU Chatrchyan, S Khachatryan, V Sirunyan, AM Tumasyan, A Adam, W Bergauer, T Dragicevic, M Ero, J Fabjan, C Friedl, M Fruhwirth, R Ghete, VM Hammer, J Hoch, M Hormann, N Hrubec, J Jeitler, M Kiesenhofer, W Krammer, M Liko, D Mikulec, I Pernicka, M Rahbaran, B Rohringer, C Rohringer, H Schofbeck, R Strauss, J Taurok, A Teischinger, F Wagner, P Waltenberger, W Walzel, G Widl, E Wulz, CE Mossolov, V Shumeiko, N Gonzalez, JS Bansal, S Benucci, L Cornelis, T De Wolf, EA Janssen, X Luyckx, S Maes, T Mucibello, L Ochesanu, S Roland, B Rougny, R Selvaggi, M Van Haevermaet, H Van Mechelen, P Van Remortel, N Van Spilbeeck, A Blekman, F Blyweert, S D'Hondt, J Suarez, RG Kalogeropoulos, A Maes, M Olbrechts, A Van Doninck, W Van Mulders, P Van Onsem, GP Villella, I Charaf, O Clerbaux, B De Lentdecker, G Dero, V Gay, APR Hammad, GH Hreus, T Leonard, A Marage, PE Thomas, L Vander Velde, C Vanlaer, P Wickens, J Adler, V Beernaert, K Cimmino, A Costantini, S Garcia, G Grunewald, M Klein, B Lellouch, J Marinov, A Mccartin, J Rios, AAO Ryckbosch, D Strobbe, N Thyssen, F Tytgat, M Vanelderen, L Verwilligen, P Walsh, S Yazgan, E Zaganidis, N Basegmez, S Bruno, G Ceard, L De Jeneret, JD Delaere, C du Pree, T Favart, D Forthomme, L Giammanco, A Gregoire, G Hollar, J Lemaitre, V Liao, J Militaru, O Nuttens, C Pagano, D Pin, A Piotrzkowski, K Schul, N Beliy, N Caebergs, T Daubie, E Alves, GA Martins, MC Damiao, DD Martins, T Pol, ME Souza, MHG Alda, WL Carvalho, W Custodio, A Da Costa, EM Martins, CD De Souza, SF Figueiredo, DM Mundim, L Nogima, H Oguri, V Da Silva, WLP Santoro, A Do Amaral, SMS Jorge, LS Sznajder, A Anjos, TS Bernardes, CA Dias, FA Tomei, TRFP Gregores, EM Lagana, C Marinho, F Mercadante, PG Novaes, SF Padula, SS Genchev, V Iaydjiev, P Piperov, S Rodozov, M Stoykova, S Sultanov, G Tcholakov, V 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CA CMS Collaboration TI Performance of CMS muon reconstruction in pp collision events at root s=7Tev SO JOURNAL OF INSTRUMENTATION LA English DT Article DE Performance of High Energy Physics Detectors; Large detector-systems performance; Simulation methods and programs; Particle identification methods; Muon spectrometers; Particle tracking detectors; Particle tracking detectors (Gaseous detectors) ID ENERGIES; TEV AB The performance of muon reconstruction, identification, and triggering in CMS has been studied using 40pb(-1) of data collected in pp collisions at root s = 7TeV at the LHC in 2010. A few benchmark sets of selection criteria covering a wide range of physics analysis needs have been examined. For all considered selections, the efficiency to reconstruct and identify a muon with a transverse momentum p(T) larger than a few GeV/c is above 95% over the whole region of pseudorapidity covered by the CMS muon system, vertical bar eta vertical bar < 2.4, while the probability to misidentify a hadron as a muon is well below 1%. The efficiency to trigger on single muons with p(T) above a few GeV/c is higher than 90% over the full eta range, and typically substantially better. The overall momentum scale is measured to a precision of 0.2% with muons from Z decays. The transverse momentum resolution varies from 1% to 6% depending on pseudorapidity for muons with p(T) below 100GeV/c and, using cosmic rays, it is shown to be better than 10% in the central region up to p(T) = 1TeV/c. Observed distributions of all quantities are well reproduced by the Monte Carlo simulation. C1 [Chatrchyan, S.; Khachatryan, V.; Sirunyan, A. M.; Tumasyan, A.] Yerevan Phys Inst, Yerevan 375036, Armenia. [Adam, W.; Bergauer, T.; Dragicevic, M.; Eroe, J.; Fabjan, C.; Friedl, M.; Fruehwirth, R.; Ghete, V. M.; Hammer, J.; Hoch, M.; Hoermann, N.; Hrubec, J.; Jeitler, M.; Kiesenhofer, W.; Krammer, M.; Liko, D.; Mikulec, I.; Pernicka, M.; Rahbaran, B.; Rohringer, C.; Rohringer, H.; Schoefbeck, R.; Strauss, J.; Taurok, A.; Teischinger, F.; Wagner, P.; Waltenberger, W.; Walzel, G.; Widl, E.; Wulz, C. -E.] OeAW, Inst Hochenergiephys, Vienna, Austria. [Mossolov, V.; Shumeiko, N.; Gonzalez, J. Suarez] Natl Ctr Particle & High Energy Phys, Minsk, Byelarus. [Bansal, S.; Benucci, L.; Cornelis, T.; De Wolf, E. A.; Janssen, X.; Luyckx, S.; Maes, T.; Mucibello, L.; Ochesanu, S.; Roland, B.; Rougny, R.; Selvaggi, M.; Van Haevermaet, H.; Van Mechelen, P.; Van Remortel, N.; Van Spilbeeck, A.] Univ Antwerp, B-2020 Antwerp, Belgium. [Blekman, F.; Blyweert, S.; D'Hondt, J.; Suarez, R. Gonzalez; Kalogeropoulos, A.; Maes, M.; Olbrechts, A.; Van Doninck, W.; Van Mulders, P.; Van Onsem, G. P.; Villella, I.] Vrije Univ Brussel, Brussels, Belgium. [Charaf, O.; Clerbaux, B.; De Lentdecker, G.; Dero, V.; Gay, A. P. R.; Hammad, G. H.; Hreus, T.; Leonard, A.; Marage, P. E.; Thomas, L.; Vander Velde, C.; Vanlaer, P.; Wickens, J.] Univ Libre Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium. [Adler, V.; Beernaert, K.; Cimmino, A.; Costantini, S.; Garcia, G.; Grunewald, M.; Klein, B.; Lellouch, J.; Marinov, A.; Mccartin, J.; Rios, A. A. Ocampo; Ryckbosch, D.; Strobbe, N.; Thyssen, F.; Tytgat, M.; Vanelderen, L.; Verwilligen, P.; Walsh, S.; Yazgan, E.; Zaganidis, N.] Univ Ghent, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium. [Basegmez, S.; Bruno, G.; Ceard, L.; De Jeneret, J. De Favereau; Delaere, C.; du Pree, T.; Favart, D.; Forthomme, L.; Giammanco, A.; Gregoire, G.; Hollar, J.; Lemaitre, V.; Liao, J.; Militaru, O.; Nuttens, C.; Pagano, D.; Pin, A.; Piotrzkowski, K.; Schul, N.] Catholic Univ Louvain, B-1348 Louvain, Belgium. [Beliy, N.; Caebergs, T.; Daubie, E.] Univ Mons, B-7000 Mons, Belgium. [Correa Martins Junior, M.; Damiao, D. De Jesus; Martins, T.; Pol, M. E.; Souza, M. H. G.] Ctr Brasileiro Pesquisas Fis, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. [Alda Junior, W. L.; Carvalho, W.; Custodio, A.; Da Costa, E. M.; De Oliveira Martins, C.; Fonseca De Souza, S.; Matos Figueiredo, D.; Mundim, L.; Nogima, H.; Oguri, V.; Prado Da Silva, W. L.; Santoro, A.; Silva Do Amaral, S. M.; Soares Jorge, L.; Sznajder, A.] Univ Estado Rio de Janeiro, BR-20550011 Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. [Anjos, T. S.; Bernardes, C. A.; Dias, F. A.; Fernandez Perez Tomei, T. R.; Gregores, E. M.; Lagana, C.; Marinho, F.; Mercadante, P. G.; Novaes, S. F.; Padula, Sandra S.] Univ Estadual Paulista, Inst Fis Teor, BR-01405 Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Genchev, V.; Iaydjiev, P.; Rodozov, M.; Stoykova, S.; Sultanov, G.; Tcholakov, V.; Trayanov, R.; Vutova, M.] Bulgarian Acad Sci, Inst Nucl Res & Nucl Energy, Sofia, Bulgaria. [Dimitrov, A.; Hadjiiska, R.; Karadzhinova, A.; Kozhuharov, V.; Litov, L.; Pavlov, B.; Petkov, P.] Univ Sofia, BU-1126 Sofia, Bulgaria. [Bian, J. G.; Chen, G. M.; Chen, H. S.; Jiang, C. H.; Liang, D.; Liang, S.; Meng, X.; Tao, J.; Wang, J.; Wang, X.; Wang, Z.; Xiao, H.; Xu, M.; Zang, J.; Zhang, Z.] Inst High Energy Phys, Beijing 100039, Peoples R China. [Asawatangtrakuldee, C.; Ban, Y.; Guo, S.; Guo, Y.; Li, W.; Liu, S.; Mao, Y.; Qian, S. J.; Teng, H.; Wang, S.; Zhu, B.; Zou, W.] Peking Univ, State Key Lab Nucl Phys & Tech, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China. [Cabrera, A.; Gomez Moreno, B.; Osorio Oliveros, A. F.; Sanabria, J. C.] Univ Los Andes, Bogota, Colombia. [Godinovic, N.; Lelas, D.; Plestina, R.; Polic, D.; Puljak, I.] Tech Univ Split, Split, Croatia. [Antunovic, Z.; Dzelalija, M.; Kovac, M.] v Split, Split, Croatia. [Brigljevic, V.; Duric, S.; Kadija, K.; Luetic, J.; Morovic, S.] Rudjer Boskovic Inst, Zagreb, Croatia. [Attikis, A.; Galanti, M.; Mousa, J.; Nicolaou, C.; Ptochos, F.; Razis, P. A.] Univ Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus. [Finger, M.; Finger, M., Jr.] Charles Univ Prague, Prague, Czech Republic. [Assran, Y.; Kamel, A. Ellithi; Khalil, S.; Mahmoud, M. A.; Radi, A.] Egyptian Network High Energy Phys, Acad Sci Res & Technol Arab Republ Egypt, Cairo, Egypt. [Giammanco, A.; Hektor, A.; Kadastik, M.; Muentel, M.; Raidal, M.; Rebane, L.; Tiko, A.] NICPB, Tallinn, Estonia. [Azzolini, V.; Eerola, P.; Fedi, G.; Voutilainen, M.] Univ Helsinki, Dept Phys, Helsinki, Finland. [Czellar, S.; Harkonen, J.; Heikkinen, A.; Karimaki, V.; Kinnunen, R.; Kortelainen, M. J.; Lampen, T.; Lassila-Perini, K.; Lehti, S.; Linden, T.; Luukka, P.; Maenpaa, T.; Peltola, T.; Tuominen, E.; Tuominiemi, J.; Tuovinen, E.; Ungaro, D.; Wendland, L.] Helsinki Inst Phys, Helsinki, Finland. [Banzuzi, K.; Korpela, A.; Tuuva, T.] Lappeenranta Univ Technol, Lappeenranta, Finland. [Sillou, D.] CNRS, IN2P3, Lab Annecy le Vieux Phys Particules, Annecy Le Vieux, France. [Besancon, M.; Choudhury, S.; Dejardin, M.; Denegri, D.; Fabbro, B.; Faure, J. L.; Ferri, F.; Ganjour, S.; Givernaud, A.; Gras, P.; de Monchenault, G. Hamel; Jarry, P.; Locci, E.; Malcles, J.; Millischer, L.; Rander, J.; Rosowsky, A.; Shreyber, I.; Titov, M.] CEA Saclay, DSM IRFU, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Plestina, R.; Baffioni, S.; Beaudette, F.; Benhabib, L.; Bianchini, L.; Bluj, M.; Broutin, C.; Busson, P.; Charlot, C.; Daci, N.; Dahms, T.; Dobrzynski, L.; Elgammal, S.; de Cassagnac, R. Granier; Haguenauer, M.; Mine, P.; Mironov, C.; Ochando, C.; Paganini, P.; Sabes, D.; Salerno, R.; Sirois, Y.; Thiebaux, C.; Veelken, C.; Zabi, A.; Bernet, C.] Ecole Polytech, CNRS, IN2P3, Lab Leprince Ringuet, F-91128 Palaiseau, France. [Agram, J. -L.; Andrea, J.; Bloch, D.; Bodin, D.; Brom, J. -M.; Cardaci, M.; Chabert, E. C.; Collard, C.; Conte, E.; Drouhin, F.; Ferro, C.; Fontaine, J. -C.; Gele, D.; Goerlach, U.; Juillot, P.; Karim, M.; Le Bihan, A. -C.; Van Hove, P.] Univ Haute Alsace Mulhouse, Univ Strasbourg, CNRS, Inst Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien,IN2P3, Strasbourg, France. [Fassi, F.; Mercier, D.] IN2P3, Ctr Calcul, Villeurbanne, France. [Baty, C.; Beauceron, S.; Beaupere, N.; Bedjidian, M.; Bondu, O.; Boudoul, G.; Boumediene, D.; Brun, H.; Chasserat, J.; Chierici, R.; Contardo, D.; Depasse, P.; El Mamouni, H.; Falkiewicz, A.; Fay, J.; Gascon, S.; Gouzevitch, M.; Ille, B.; Kurca, T.; Le Grand, T.; Lethuillier, M.; Mirabito, L.; Perries, S.; Sordini, V.; Tosi, S.; Tschudi, Y.; Verdier, P.; Viret, S.] Univ Lyon 1, CNRS, IN2P3, Inst Phys Nucl Lyon, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France. [Lomidze, D.] Tbilisi State Univ, Inst High Energy Phys & Informatizat, GE-380086 Tbilisi, Rep of Georgia. [Anagnostou, G.; Beranek, S.; Edelhoff, M.; Feld, L.; Heracleous, N.; Hindrichs, O.; Jussen, R.; Klein, K.; Merz, J.; Ostapchuk, A.; Perieanu, A.; Raupach, F.; Sammet, J.; Schael, S.; Sprenger, D.; Weber, H.; Wittmer, B.; Zhukov, V.] Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 1, Aachen, Germany. [Ata, M.; Caudron, J.; Dietz-Laursonn, E.; Erdmann, M.; Gueth, A.; Hebbeker, T.; Heidemann, C.; Hoepfner, K.; Klimkovich, T.; Klingebiel, D.; Kreuzer, P.; Lanske, D.; Lingemann, J.; Magass, C.; Merschmeyer, M.; Meyer, A.; Olschewski, M.; Papacz, P.; Pieta, H.; Reithler, H.; Schmitz, S. A.; Sonnenschein, L.; Steggemann, J.; Teyssier, D.; Weber, M.] Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, Aachen, Germany. [Bontenackels, M.; Cherepanov, V.; Davids, M.; Fluegge, G.; Geenen, H.; Geisler, M.; Ahmad, W. Haj; Hoehle, F.; Kargoll, B.; Kress, T.; Kuessel, Y.; Linn, A.; Nowack, A.; Perchalla, L.; Pooth, O.; Rennefeld, J.; Sauerland, P.; Stahl, A.; Zoeller, M. H.] Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst B 3, Aachen, Germany. [Martin, M. Aldaya; Behrenhoff, W.; Behrens, U.; Bergholz, M.; Bethani, A.; Borras, K.; Burgmeier, A.; Cakir, A.; Calligaris, L.; Campbell, A.; Castro, E.; Dammann, D.; Eckerlin, G.; Eckstein, D.; Flossdorf, A.; Flucke, G.; Geiser, A.; Hauk, J.; Jung, H.; Kasemann, M.; Katsas, P.; Kleinwort, C.; Kluge, H.; Knutsson, A.; Kraemer, M.; Kruecker, D.; Kuznetsova, E.; Lange, W.; Lohmann, W.; Lutz, B.; Mankel, R.; Marfin, I.; Marienfeld, M.; Melzer-Pellmann, I. -A.; Meyer, A. B.; Mnich, J.; Mussgiller, A.; Naumann-Emme, S.; Olzem, J.; Petrukhin, A.; Pitzl, D.; Raspereza, A.; Cipriano, P. M. Ribeiro; Rosin, M.; Salfeld-Nebgen, J.; Schmidt, R.; Schoerner-Sadenius, T.; Sen, N.; Spiridonov, A.; Stein, M.; Tomaszewska, J.; Walsh, R.; Wissing, C.] Deutsch Elekt Synchrotron, Hamburg, Germany. [Autermann, C.; Blobel, V.; Bobrovskyi, S.; Draeger, J.; Enderle, H.; Erfle, J.; Gebbert, U.; Goerner, M.; Hermanns, T.; Hoeing, R. S.; Kaschube, K.; Kaussen, G.; Kirschenmann, H.; Klanner, R.; Lange, J.; Mura, B.; Nowak, F.; Pietsch, N.; Sander, C.; Schettler, H.; Schleper, P.; Schlieckau, E.; Schmidt, A.; Schroeder, M.; Schum, T.; Stadie, H.; Steinbrueck, G.; Thomsen, J.] Univ Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany. [Barth, C.; Berger, J.; Chwalek, T.; De Boer, W.; Dierlamm, A.; Dirkes, G.; Feindt, M.; Gruschke, J.; Guthoff, M.; Hackstein, C.; Hartmann, F.; Heinrich, M.; Held, H.; Hoffmann, K. H.; Honc, S.; Katkov, I.; Komaragiri, J. R.; Kuhr, T.; Martschei, D.; Mueller, S.; Mueller, Th.; Niegel, M.; Nuernberg, A.; Oberst, O.; Oehler, A.; Ott, J.; Peiffer, T.; Quast, G.; Rabbertz, K.; Ratnikov, F.; Ratnikova, N.; Renz, M.; Roecker, S.; Saout, C.; Scheurer, A.; Schieferdecker, P.; Schilling, F. -P.; Schmanau, M.; Schott, G.; Simonis, H. J.; Stober, F. M.; Troendle, D.; Wagner-Kuhr, J.; Weiler, T.; Zeise, M.; Ziebarth, E. B.] Univ Karlsruhe, Inst Expt Kernphys, D-7500 Karlsruhe, Germany. [Daskalakis, G.; Geralis, T.; Kesisoglou, S.; Kyriakis, A.; Loukas, D.; Manolakos, I.; Markou, A.; Markou, C.; Mavrommatis, C.; Ntomari, E.] Inst Nucl Phys Demokritos, Aghia Paraskevi, Greece. [Gouskos, L.; Mertzimekis, T. J.; Panagiotou, A.; Saoulidou, N.; Stiliaris, E.; Sphicas, P.] Univ Athens, Athens, Greece. [Evangelou, I.; Foudas, C.; Kokkas, P.; Manthos, N.; Papadopoulos, I.; Patras, V.; Triantis, F. A.] Univ Ioannina, GR-45110 Ioannina, Greece. [Aranyi, A.; Bencze, G.; Boldizsar, L.; Hajdu, C.; Hidas, P.; Horvath, D.; Kapusi, A.; Krajczar, K.; Sikler, F.; Veszpremi, V.; Vesztergombi, G.] KFKI Res Inst Particle & Nucl Phys, Budapest, Hungary. [Beni, N.; Molnar, J.; Palinkas, J.; Szillasi, Z.] Inst Nucl Res ATOMKI, Debrecen, Hungary. [Karancsi, J.; Raics, P.; Trocsanyi, Z. L.; Ujvari, B.] Univ Debrecen, H-4012 Debrecen, Hungary. [Beri, S. B.; Bhatnagar, V.; Dhingra, N.; Gupta, R.; Jindal, M.; Kaur, M.; Kohli, J. M.; Mehta, M. Z.; Nishu, N.; Saini, L. K.; Sharma, A.; Singh, A. P.; Singh, J.; Singh, S. P.] Panjab Univ, Chandigarh 160014, India. [Kumar, Ashok; Kumar, Arun; Ahuja, S.; Choudhary, B. C.; Malhotra, S.; Naimuddin, M.; Ranjan, K.; Sharma, V.; Shivpuri, R. K.] Univ Delhi, Delhi 110007, India. [Banerjee, S.; Bhattacharya, S.; Dutta, S.; Gomber, B.; Jain, Sa.; Jain, Sh.; Khurana, R.; Sarkar, S.] Saha Inst Nucl Phys, Kolkata, India. [Choudhury, R. K.; Dutta, D.; Kailas, S.; Kumar, V.; Mohanty, A. K.; Pant, L. M.; Shukla, P.] Bhabha Atom Res Ctr, Mumbai 400085, Maharashtra, India. [Aziz, T.; Ganguly, S.; Guchait, M.; Gurtu, A.; Maity, M.; Majumder, G.; Mazumdar, K.; Mohanty, G. B.; Parida, B.; Saha, A.; Sudhakar, K.; Wickramage, N.] Tata Inst Fundamental Res EHEP, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India. [Banerjee, S.; Dugad, S.; Mondal, N. K.] Tata Inst Fundamental Res HECR, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India. [Arfaei, H.; Bakhshiansohi, H.; Etesami, S. M.; Fahim, A.; Hashemi, M.; Hesari, H.; Jafari, A.; Khakzad, M.; Mohammadi, A.; Najafabadi, M. Mohammadi; Mehdiabadi, S. Paktinat; Safarzadeh, B.; Zeinali, M.] Inst Res Fundamental Sci IPM, Tehran, Iran. [Abbrescia, M.; Barbone, L.; Calabria, C.; Chhibra, S. S.; Colaleo, A.; Creanza, D.; De Filippis, N.; De Palma, M.; Fiore, L.; Iaselli, G.; Lusito, L.; Maggi, G.; Maggi, M.; Manna, N.; Marangelli, B.; My, S.; Nuzzo, S.; Pacifico, N.; Pompili, A.; Pugliese, G.; Romano, F.; Selvaggi, G.; Silvestris, L.; Singh, G.; Tupputi, S.; Zito, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Abbrescia, M.; Barbone, L.; Calabria, C.; Chhibra, S. S.; De Palma, M.; Lusito, L.; Manna, N.; Marangelli, B.; Nuzzo, S.; Pacifico, N.; Pompili, A.; Selvaggi, G.; Singh, G.; Tupputi, S.] Univ Bari, Bari, Italy. [Creanza, D.; De Filippis, N.; Iaselli, G.; Maggi, G.; My, S.; Pugliese, G.; Romano, F.] Politecn Bari, Bari, Italy. [Abbiendi, G.; Benvenuti, A. C.; Bonacorsi, D.; Braibant-Giacomelli, S.; Brigliadori, L.; Capiluppi, P.; Castro, A.; Cavallo, F. R.; Cuffiani, M.; Dallavalle, G. M.; Fabbri, F.; Fanfani, A.; Fasanell, D.; Giacomelli, P.; Grandi, C.; Marcellini, S.; Masetti, G.; Meneghelli, M.; Montanari, A.; Navarria, F. L.; Odorici, F.; Perrotta, A.; Primavera, F.; Rossi, A. M.; Rovelli, T.; Siroli, G.; Travaglini, R.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bologna, I-40126 Bologna, Italy. [Braibant-Giacomelli, S.; Capiluppi, P.; Castro, A.; Cuffiani, M.; Fanfani, A.; Meneghelli, M.; Navarria, F. L.; Rossi, A. M.; Rovelli, T.; Siroli, G.; Travaglini, R.] Univ Bologna, Bologna, Italy. [Albergo, S.; Cappello, G.; Chiorboli, M.; Costa, S.; Potenza, R.; Tricomi, A.; Tuve, C.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Catania, I-95129 Catania, Italy. [Albergo, S.; Cappello, G.; Chiorboli, M.; Costa, S.; Potenza, R.; Tricomi, A.; Tuve, C.] Univ Catania, Catania, Italy. [Barbagli, G.; Ciulli, V.; Civinini, C.; D'Alessandro, R.; Focardi, E.; Frosali, S.; Gallo, E.; Gonzi, S.; Meschini, M.; Paoletti, S.; Sguazzoni, G.; Tropiano, A.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Firenze, I-50125 Florence, Italy. [Ciulli, V.; D'Alessandro, R.; Focardi, E.; Frosali, S.; Gonzi, S.] Univ Florence, Florence, Italy. [Benussi, L.; Bianco, S.; Colafranceschi, S.; Fabbri, F.; Piccolo, D.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy. [Fabbricatore, P.; Musenich, R.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Genova, I-16146 Genoa, Italy. [Benaglia, A.; De Guio, F.; Di Matteo, L.; Fiorendi, S.; Gennai, S.; Ghezzi, A.; Malvezzi, S.; Manzoni, R. A.; Martelli, A.; Massironi, A.; Menasce, D.; Moroni, L.; Paganoni, M.; Pedrini, D.; Ragazzi, S.; Redaelli, N.; Sala, S.; de Fatis, T. Tabarelli] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Milano Bicocca, I-20133 Milan, Italy. [Benaglia, A.; De Guio, F.; Di Matteo, L.; Fiorendi, S.; Ghezzi, A.; Manzoni, R. A.; Martelli, A.; Massironi, A.; Paganoni, M.; Ragazzi, S.; de Fatis, T. Tabarelli] Univ Milano Bicocca, Milan, Italy. [Buontempo, S.; Montoy, C. A. Carrillo; Cavallo, N.; De Cosa, A.; Dogangun, O.; Fabozzi, F.; Iorio, A. O. M.; Lista, L.; Merola, M.; Paolucci, P.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Napoli, I-80125 Naples, Italy. [De Cosa, A.; Dogangun, O.; Merola, M.] Univ Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy. [Azzi, P.; Bacchetta, N.; Bellan, P.; Bellato, M.; Bisello, D.; Branca, A.; Carlin, R.; Checchia, P.; Dorigo, T.; Gasparini, F.; Gozzelino, A.; Kanishchev, K.; Lacaprara, S.; Lazzizzera, I.; Margoni, M.; Maron, G.; Meneguzzo, A. T.; Nespolo, M.; Passaseo, M.; Perrozzi, L.; Pozzobon, N.; Ronchese, P.; Simonetto, F.; Torassa, E.; Tosi, M.; Vanini, S.; Ventura, S.; Zotto, P.; Zumerle, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Padova, Padua, Italy. [Bellan, P.; Bisello, D.; Carlin, R.; Gasparini, F.; Margoni, M.; Meneguzzo, A. T.; Pozzobon, N.; Ronchese, P.; Simonetto, F.; Tosi, M.; Vanini, S.; Zotto, P.; Zumerle, G.] Univ Padua, Padua, Italy. [Kanishchev, K.; Lazzizzera, I.] Univ Trento Trento, Padua, Italy. [Baesso, P.; Berzano, U.; Gabusi, M.; Ratti, S. P.; Riccardi, C.; Torre, P.; Vitulo, P.; Viviani, C.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pavia, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. [Baesso, P.; Gabusi, M.; Ratti, S. P.; Riccardi, C.; Torre, P.; Vitulo, P.; Viviani, C.] Univ Pavia, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. [Biasini, M.; Bilei, G. M.; Caponeri, B.; Fano, L.; Lariccia, P.; Lucaroni, A.; Mantovani, G.; Menichelli, M.; Nappi, A.; Romeo, F.; Santocchia, A.; Taroni, S.; Valdata, M.; Pioppi, M.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy. [Biasini, M.; Caponeri, B.; Fano, L.; Lariccia, P.; Lucaroni, A.; Mantovani, G.; Nappi, A.; Romeo, F.; Santocchia, A.; Taroni, S.; Valdata, M.; Pioppi, M.] Univ Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy. [Azzurri, P.; Bagliesi, G.; Boccali, T.; Broccolo, G.; Castaldi, R.; D'Agnolo, R. T.; Dell'Orso, R.; Fiori, F.; Foa, L.; Giassi, A.; Kraan, A.; Ligabue, F.; Lomtadze, T.; Martini, L.; Messineo, A.; Palla, F.; Palmonari, F.; Rizzi, A.; Serban, A. T.; Spagnolo, P.; Tenchini, R.; Tonelli, G.; Venturi, A.; Verdini, P. G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pisa, Pisa, Italy. [Fiori, F.; Messineo, A.; Rizzi, A.; Tonelli, G.] Univ Pisa, Pisa, Italy. [Azzurri, P.; Broccolo, G.; D'Agnolo, R. T.; Foa, L.; Ligabue, F.; Rolandi, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Scuola Normale Super Pisa, Pisa, Italy. [Barone, L.; Cavallari, F.; Del Re, D.; Diemoz, M.; Fanelli, C.; Franci, D.; Grassi, M.; Longo, E.; Meridiani, P.; Micheli, F.; Nourbakhsh, S.; Organtini, G.; Pandolfi, F.; Paramatti, R.; Rahatlou, S.; Sigamani, M.; Soffi, L.; Rovelli, C.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma, Rome, Italy. [Barone, L.; Del Re, D.; Fanelli, C.; Franci, D.; Longo, E.; Micheli, F.; Organtini, G.; Pandolfi, F.; Rahatlou, S.; Soffi, L.; Rovelli, C.] Univ Roma La Sapienza, Rome, Italy. [Amapane, N.; Arcidiacono, R.; Argiro, S.; Arneodo, M.; Biino, C.; Botta, C.; Cartiglia, N.; Castello, R.; Costa, M.; Demaria, N.; Graziano, A.; Mariotti, C.; Maselli, S.; Migliore, E.; Monaco, V.; Musich, M.; Obertino, M. M.; Pastrone, N.; Pelliccioni, M.; Potenza, A.; Romero, A.; Ruspa, M.; Sacchi, R.; Sola, V.; Solano, A.; Staiano, A.; Pereira, A. Vilela] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Torino, I-10125 Turin, Italy. [Amapane, N.; Argiro, S.; Botta, C.; Castello, R.; Costa, M.; Graziano, A.; Migliore, E.; Monaco, V.; Potenza, A.; Romero, A.; Sacchi, R.; Sola, V.; Solano, A.; Pereira, A. Vilela] Univ Turin, Turin, Italy. [Arcidiacono, R.; Arneodo, M.; Obertino, M. M.; Ruspa, M.] Univ Piemonte Orientale Novara, Turin, Italy. [Belforte, S.; Cossutti, F.; Della Ricca, G.; Gobbo, B.; Marone, M.; Montanino, D.; Penzo, A.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, Trieste, Italy. [Della Ricca, G.; Marone, M.; Montanino, D.] Univ Trieste, Trieste, Italy. [Heo, S. G.; Nam, S. K.] Kangwon Natl Univ, Chunchon, South Korea. [Chang, S.; Chung, J.; Kim, D. H.; Kim, G. N.; Kim, J. E.; Kong, D. J.; Park, H.; Ro, S. R.; Son, D. C.; Kamon, T.] Kyungpook Natl Univ, Taegu, South Korea. [Kim, J. Y.; Kim, Zero J.; Song, S.] Chonnam Natl Univ, Inst Universe & Elementary Particles, Kwangju, South Korea. [Jo, H. Y.] Konkuk Univ, Seoul, South Korea. [Choi, S.; Gyun, D.; Hong, B.; Jo, M.; Kim, H.; Kim, T. J.; Lee, K. S.; Moon, D. H.; Park, S. K.; Seo, E.; Sim, K. S.] Korea Univ, Seoul, South Korea. [Choi, M.; Kang, S.; Kim, H.; Kim, J. H.; Park, C.; Park, I. C.; Park, S.; Ryu, G.] Univ Seoul, Seoul, South Korea. [Cho, Y.; Choi, Y.; Choi, Y. K.; Goh, J.; Kim, M. S.; Lee, B.; Lee, J.; Lee, S.; Seo, H.; Yu, I.] Sungkyunkwan Univ, Suwon, South Korea. [Bilinskas, M. J.; Grigelionis, I.; Janulis, M.] Vilnius State Univ, Vilnius, Lithuania. [Castilla-Valdez, H.; De La Cruz-Burelo, E.; Heredia-de La Cruz, I.; Lopez-Fernandez, R.; Magana Villalba, R.; Martinez-Ortega, J.; Sanchez-Hernandez, A.; Villasenor-Cendejas, L. M.] IPN, Ctr Invest & Estudios Avanzados, Mexico City 07738, DF, Mexico. [Carrillo Moreno, S.; Vazquez Valencia, F.] Univ Iberoamer, Mexico City, DF, Mexico. [Salazar Ibarguen, H. A.] Benemerita Univ Autonoma Puebla, Puebla, Mexico. [Casimiro Linares, E.; Morelos Pineda, A.; Reyes-Santos, M. A.] Univ Autonoma San Luis Potosi, San Luis Potosi, Mexico. [Krofcheck, D.] Univ Auckland, Auckland 1, New Zealand. [Bell, A. J.; Butler, P. H.; Doesburg, R.; Reucroft, S.; Silverwood, H.] Univ Canterbury, Christchurch 1, New Zealand. [Ahmad, M.; Asghar, M. I.; Hoorani, H. R.; Khalid, S.; Khan, W. A.; Khurshid, T.; Qazi, S.; Shah, M. A.; Shoaib, M.] Quaid I Azam Univ, Natl Ctr Phys, Islamabad, Pakistan. [Brona, G.; Cwiok, M.; Dominik, W.; Doroba, K.; Kalinowski, A.; Konecki, M.; Krolikowski, J.] Univ Warsaw, Inst Expt Phys, Fac Phys, Warsaw, Poland. [Bluj, M.; Bialkowska, H.; Boimska, B.; Frueboes, T.; Gokieli, R.; Gorski, M.; Kazana, M.; Nawrocki, K.; Romanowska-Rybinska, K.; Szleper, M.; Wrochna, G.; Zalewski, P.] Soltan Inst Nucl Studies, PL-00681 Warsaw, Poland. [Almeida, N.; Bargassa, P.; David, A.; Faccioli, P.; Parracho, P. G. Ferreira; Gallinaro, M.; Musella, P.; Nayak, A.; Pela, J.; Ribeiro, P. Q.; Seixas, J.; Varela, J.; Vischia, P.] Lab Instrumentacao & Fis Expt Particulas, Lisbon, Portugal. [Belotelov, I.; Golunov, A.; Golutvin, I.; Gorbounov, N.; Gramenitski, I.; Kamenev, A.; Karjavin, V.; Kurenkov, A.; Lanev, A.; Makankin, A.; Moisenz, P.; Palichik, V.; Perelygin, V.; Shmatov, S.; Smolin, D.; Vasil'ev, S.; Zarubin, A.] Joint Inst Nucl Res, Dubna, Russia. [Evstyukhin, S.; Golovtsov, V.; Ivanov, Y.; Kim, V.; Levchenko, P.; Murzin, V.; Oreshkin, V.; Smirnov, I.; Sulimov, V.; Uvarov, L.; Vavilov, S.; Vorobyev, A.; Vorobyev, An.] Petersburg Nucl Phys Inst, St Petersburg, Russia. [Andreev, Yu.; Dermenev, A.; Gninenko, S.; Golubev, N.; Kirsanov, M.; Krasnikov, N.; Matveev, V.; Pashenkov, A.; Toropin, A.; Troitsky, S.; Musienko, Y.] Russian Acad Sci, Inst Nucl Res, Moscow, Russia. [Matveev, V.; Epshteyn, V.; Erofeeva, M.; Gavrilov, V.; Kossov, M.; Krokhotin, A.; Lychkovskaya, N.; Popov, V.; Safronov, G.; Semenov, S.; Stolin, V.; Vlasov, E.; Zhokin, A.; Starodumov, A.; Nikitenko, A.] Inst Theoret & Expt Phys, Moscow 117259, Russia. [Zhukov, V.; Belyaev, A.; Boos, E.; Dubinin, M.; Dudko, L.; Ershov, A.; Gribushin, A.; Klyukhin, V.; Kodolova, O.; Markina, A.; Obraztsov, S.; Perfilov, M.; Petrushanko, S.; Sarycheva, L.; Savrin, V.; Snigirev, A.; Senkin, S.] Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Moscow, Russia. [Andreev, V.; Azarkin, M.; Dremin, I.; Kirakosyan, M.; Leonidov, A.; Mesyats, G.; Rusakov, S. V.; Vinogradov, A.] PN Lebedev Phys Inst, Moscow 117924, Russia. [Azhgirey, I.; Bayshev, I.; Bitioukov, S.; Grishin, V.; Kachanov, V.; Konstantinov, D.; Korablev, A.; Krychkine, V.; Petrov, V.; Ryutin, R.; Sobol, A.; Tourtchanovitch, L.; Troshin, S.; Tyurin, N.; Uzunian, A.; Volkov, A.] Inst High Energy Phys, State Res Ctr Russian Federat, Protvino, Russia. [Adzic, P.; Djordjevic, M.; Ekmedzic, M.; Krpic, D.; Milosevic, J.; Milenovic, P.] Univ Belgrade, Fac Phys, Belgrade 11001, Serbia. [Adzic, P.; Djordjevic, M.; Ekmedzic, M.; Krpic, D.; Milosevic, J.; Milenovic, P.] Vinca Inst Nucl Sci, Belgrade, Serbia. [Aguilar-Benitez, M.; Maestre, J. Alcaraz; Arce, P.; Battilana, C.; Calvo, E.; Cerrada, M.; Colino, N.; De La Cruz, B.; Delgado Peris, A.; Diez Pardos, C.; Dominguez Vazquez, D.; Fernandez Bedoya, C.; Fernandez Ramos, J. P.; Ferrando, A.; Flix, J.; Fouz, M. C.; Garcia-Abia, P.; Gonzalez Lopez, O.; Goy Lopez, S.; Hernandez, J. M.; Josa, M. I.; Merino, G.; Puerta Pelayo, J.; Redondo, I.; Romero, L.; Santaolalla, J.; Soares, M. S.; Willmott, C.] CIEMAT, E-28040 Madrid, Spain. [Albajar, C.; Codispoti, G.; de Troconiz, J. F.] Univ Autonoma Madrid, Madrid, Spain. [Cuevas, J.; Fernandez Menendez, J.; Folgueras, S.; Gonzalez Caballero, I.; Lloret Iglesias, L.; Piedra Gomez, J.; Vizan Garcia, J. M.] Univ Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain. [Brochero Cifuentes, J. A.; Cabrillo, I. J.; Calderon, A.; Chuang, S. H.; Duarte Campderros, J.; Felcini, M.; Fernandez, M.; Gomez, G.; Gonzalez Sanchez, J.; Jorda, C.; Lobelle Pardo, P.; Lopez Virto, A.; Marco, J.; Marco, R.; Martinez Rivero, C.; Matorras, F.; Munoz Sanchez, F. J.; Rodrigo, T.; Rodriguez-Marrero, A. Y.; Ruiz-Jimeno, A.; Scodellaro, L.; Sobron Sanudo, M.; Vila, I.; Vilar Cortabitarte, R.] Univ Cantabria, CSIC, IFCA, E-39005 Santander, Spain. [Hammer, J.; Genchev, V.; Piperov, S.; Puljak, I.; Jung, H.; Foudas, C.; Hajdu, C.; Sikler, F.; Mohanty, A. K.; Fasanell, D.; Tropiano, A.; Benaglia, A.; Gennai, S.; Massironi, A.; Montoy, C. A. Carrillo; Iorio, A. O. M.; Bacchetta, N.; Nespolo, M.; Tosi, M.; Lucaroni, A.; Taroni, S.; Tonelli, G.; Venturi, A.; Del Re, D.; Grassi, M.; Mariotti, C.; Montanino, D.; Grishin, V.; Abbaneo, D.; Auffray, E.; Auzinger, G.; Baillon, P.; Ball, A. H.; Barney, D.; Bernet, C.; Bialas, W.; Bianchi, G.; Bloch, P.; Bocci, A.; Breuker, H.; Bunkowski, K.; Camporesi, T.; Cerminara, G.; Christiansen, T.; Perez, J. A. Coarasa; Cure, B.; D'Enterria, D.; De Roeck, A.; Di Guida, S.; Dobson, M.; Dupont-Sagorin, N.; Elliott-Peisert, A.; Frisch, B.; Funk, W.; Gaddi, A.; Georgiou, G.; Gerwig, H.; Giffels, M.; Gigi, D.; Gill, K.; Giordano, D.; Giunta, M.; Glege, F.; Garrido, R. Gomez-Reino; Govoni, P.; Gowdy, S.; Guida, R.; Guiducci, L.; Hansen, M.; Harris, P.; Hartl, C.; Harvey, J.; Hegner, B.; Hinzmann, A.; Hoffmann, H. F.; Innocente, V.; Janot, P.; Kaadze, K.; Karavakis, E.; Kousouris, K.; Lecoq, P.; Lenzi, P.; Lourenco, C.; Maeki, T.; Malberti, M.; Malgeri, L.; Mannelli, M.; Masetti, L.; Mavromanolakis, G.; Meijers, F.; Mersi, S.; Meschi, E.; Moser, R.; Mozer, M. U.; Mulders, M.; Nesvold, E.; Nguyen, M.; Orimoto, T.; Orsini, L.; Cortezon, E. Palencia; Perez, E.; Petrilli, A.; Pfeiffer, A.; Pierini, M.; Pimiae, M.; Piparo, D.; Polese, G.; Quertenmont, L.; Racz, A.; Reece, W.; Antunes, J. Rodrigues; Rolandi, G.; Rommerskirchen, T.; Rovelli, C.; Rovere, M.; Sakulin, H.; Santanastasio, F.; Schaefer, C.; Schwick, C.; Segoni, I.; Sharma, A.; Siegrist, P.; Silva, P.; Simon, M.; Sphicas, P.; Spiga, D.; Spiropulu, M.; Stoye, M.; Tsirou, A.; Veres, G. I.; Vichoudis, P.; Woehri, H. K.; Worm, S. D.; Zeuner, W. D.; Kovalskyi, D.] CERN, European Org Nucl Res, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. [Bertl, W.; Deiters, K.; Erdmann, W.; Gabathuler, K.; Horisberger, R.; Ingram, Q.; Kaestli, H. C.; Onig, S. K.; Kotlinski, D.; Langenegger, U.; Meier, F.; Renker, D.; Rohe, T.; Sibille, J.; Naegeli, C.] Paul Scherrer Inst, Villigen, Switzerland. [Baeni, L.; Bortignon, P.; Buchmann, M. A.; Casal, B.; Chanon, N.; Chen, Z.; Deisher, A.; Dissertori, G.; Dittmar, M.; Duenser, M.; Eugster, J.; Freudenreich, K.; Grab, C.; Lecomte, P.; Lustermann, W.; del Arbol, P. Martinez Ruiz; Mohr, N.; Moortgat, F.; Naegeli, C.; Nef, P.; Nessi-Tedaldi, F.; Pape, L.; Pauss, F.; Peruzzi, M.; Ronga, F. J.; Rossini, M.; Sala, L.; Sanchez, A. K.; Sawley, M. -C.; Starodumov, A.; Stieger, B.; Takahashi, M.; Tauscher, L.; Thea, A.; Theofilatos, K.; Treille, D.; Urscheler, C.; Wallny, R.; Weber, H. A.; Wehrli, L.; Weng, J.] Swiss Fed Inst Technol, Inst Particle Phys, Zurich, Switzerland. [Aguilo, E.; Amsler, C.; Chiochia, V.; De Visscher, S.; Favaro, C.; Rikova, M. Ivova; Mejias, B. Millan; Otiougova, P.; Robmann, P.; Snoek, H.; Verzetti, M.] Univ Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland. [Chang, Y. H.; Chen, K. H.; Kuo, C. M.; Li, S. W.; Lin, W.; Liu, Z. K.; Lu, Y. J.; Mekterovic, D.; Volpe, R.; Yu, S. S.] Natl Cent Univ, Chungli, Taiwan. [Bartalini, P.; Chang, P.; Chang, Y. H.; Chang, Y. W.; Chao, Y.; Chen, K. F.; Dietz, C.; Grundler, U.; Hou, W. -S.; Hsiung, Y.; Kao, K. Y.; Lei, Y. J.; Lu, R. -S.; Majumder, D.; Petrakou, E.; Shi, X.; Shiu, J. G.; Tzeng, Y. M.; Wang, M.] NTU, Taipei, Taiwan. [Adiguzel, A.; Bakirci, M. N.; Cerci, S.; Dozen, C.; Dumanoglu, I.; Eskut, E.; Girgis, S.; Gokbulut, G.; Hos, I.; Kangal, E. E.; Karapinar, G.; Topaksu, A. Kayis; Onengut, G.; Ozdemir, K.; Ozturk, S.; Polatoz, A.; Sogut, K.; Cerci, D. Sunar; Tali, B.; Topakli, H.; Uzun, D.; Vergili, L. N.; Vergili, M.] Cukurova Univ, Adana, Turkey. [Akin, I. V.; Aliev, T.; Bilin, B.; Bilmis, S.; Deniz, M.; Gamsizkan, H.; Guler, A. M.; Ocalan, K.; Ozpineci, A.; Serin, M.; Sever, R.; Surat, U. E.; Yalvac, M.; Yildirim, E.; Zeyrek, M.] Middle E Tech Univ, Dept Phys, TR-06531 Ankara, Turkey. [Deliomeroglu, M.; Gulmez, E.; Isildak, B.; Kaya, M.; Kaya, O.; Ozkorucuklu, S.; Sonmez, N.] Bogazici Univ, Istanbul, Turkey. [Levchuk, L.] Kharkov Phys & Technol Inst, Natl Sci Ctr, UA-310108 Kharkov, Ukraine. [Bostock, F.; Brooke, J. J.; Clement, E.; Cussans, D.; Flacher, H.; Frazier, R.; Goldstein, J.; Grimes, M.; Heath, G. P.; Heath, H. F.; Kreczko, L.; Metson, S.; Newbold, D. M.; Nirunpong, K.; Poll, A.; Senkin, S.; Smith, V. J.; Williams, T.] Univ Bristol, Bristol, Avon, England. [Basso, L.; Bell, K. W.; Belyaev, A.; Brew, C.; Brown, R. M.; Cockerill, D. J. A.; Coughlan, J. A.; Harder, K.; Harper, S.; Jackson, J.; Kennedy, B. W.; Olaiya, E.; Petyt, D.; Radburn-Smith, B. C.; Shepherd-Themistocleous, C. H.; Tomalin, I. R.; Womersley, W. J.] Rutherford Appleton Lab, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. [Bainbridge, R.; Ball, G.; Beuselinck, R.; Buchmuller, O.; Colling, D.; Cripps, N.; Cutajar, M.; Dauncey, P.; Davies, G.; Della Negra, M.; Ferguson, W.; Fulcher, J.; Futyan, D.; Gilbert, A.; Bryer, A. Guneratne; Hall, G.; Hatherell, Z.; Hays, J.; Iles, G.; Jarvis, M.; Karapostoli, G.; Lyons, L.; Magnan, A. -M.; Marrouche, J.; Mathias, B.; Nandi, R.; Nash, J.; Nikitenko, A.; Papageorgiou, A.; Pesaresi, M.; Petridis, K.; Pioppi, M.; Raymond, D. M.; Rogerson, S.; Rompotis, N.; Rose, A.; Ryan, M. J.; Seez, C.; Sharp, P.; Sparrow, A.; Tapper, A.; Tourneur, S.; Acosta, M. Vazquez; Virdee, T.; Wakefield, S.; Wardle, N.; Wardrope, D.; Whyntie, T.] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, London, England. [Barrett, M.; Chadwick, M.; Cole, J. E.; Hobson, P. R.; Khan, A.; Kyberd, P.; Leslie, D.; Martin, W.; Reid, I. D.; Symonds, P.; Teodorescu, L.; Turner, M.] Brunel Univ, Uxbridge UB8 3PH, Middx, England. [Hatakeyama, K.; Liu, H.; Scarborough, T.] Baylor Univ, Waco, TX 76798 USA. [Henderson, C.] Univ Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL USA. [Avetisyan, A.; Bose, T.; Jarrin, E. Carrera; Fantasia, C.; Heister, A.; John, J. St.; Lawson, P.; Lazic, D.; Rohlf, J.; Sperka, D.; Sulak, L.] Boston Univ, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Bhattacharya, S.; Cutts, D.; Ferapontov, A.; Heintz, U.; Jabeen, S.; Kukartsev, G.; Landsberg, G.; Luk, M.; Narain, M.; Nguyen, D.; Segala, M.; Sinthuprasith, T.; Speer, T.; Tsang, K. V.] Brown Univ, Providence, RI USA. [Breedon, R.; Breto, G.; Calderon De La Barca Sanchez, M.; Caulfield, M.; Chauhan, S.; Chertok, M.; Conway, J.; Conway, R.; Cox, P. T.; Dolen, J.; Erbacher, R.; Gardner, M.; Houtz, R.; Ko, W.; Kopecky, A.; Lander, R.; Mall, O.; Miceli, T.; Nelson, R.; Pellett, D.; Robles, J.; Rutherford, B.; Searle, M.; Smith, J.; Squires, M.; Tripathi, M.; Sierra, R. Vasquez] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Felcini, M.; Andreev, V.; Arisaka, K.; Cline, D.; Cousins, R.; Duris, J.; Erhan, S.; Everaerts, P.; Farrell, C.; Hauser, J.; Ignatenko, M.; Jarvis, C.; Plager, C.; Rakness, G.; Schlein, P.; Tucker, J.; Valuev, V.; Weber, M.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Babb, J.; Clare, R.; Ellison, J.; Gary, J. W.; Giordano, F.; Hanson, G.; Jeng, G. Y.; Liu, H.; Long, O. R.; Luthra, A.; Nguyen, H.; Paramesvaran, S.; Sturdy, J.; Sumowidagdo, S.; Wilken, R.; Wimpenny, S.] Univ Calif Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Andrews, W.; Branson, J. G.; Cerati, G. B.; Cittolin, S.; Evans, D.; Golf, F.; Holzner, A.; Kelley, R.; Lebourgeois, M.; Letts, J.; Macneill, I.; Mangano, B.; Padhi, S.; Palmer, C.; Petrucciani, G.; Pi, H.; Pieri, M.; Ranieri, R.; Sani, M.; Sfiligoi, I.; Sharma, V.; Simon, S.; Sudano, E.; Tadel, M.; Tu, Y.; Vartak, A.; Wasserbaech, S.; Wuerthwein, F.; Yagil, A.; Yoo, J.] Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Barge, D.; Bellan, R.; Campagnari, C.; D'Alfonso, M.; Danielson, T.; Flowers, K.; Geffert, P.; Incandela, J.; Justus, C.; Kalavase, P.; Koay, S. A.; Kovalskyi, D.; Krutelyov, V.; Lowette, S.; Mccoll, N.; Pavlunin, V.; Rebassoo, F.; Ribnik, J.; Richman, J.; Rossin, R.; Stuart, D.; To, W.; Vlimant, J. R.; West, C.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. [Dias, F. A.; Dubinin, M.; Spiropulu, M.; Apresyan, A.; Bornheim, A.; Bunn, J.; Chen, Y.; Di Marco, E.; Duarte, J.; Gataullin, M.; Ma, Y.; Mott, A.; Newman, H. B.; Rogan, C.; Timciuc, V.; Traczyk, P.; Veverka, J.; Wilkinson, R.; Yang, Y.; Zhu, R. Y.] CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Akgun, B.; Carroll, R.; Ferguson, T.; Iiyama, Y.; Jang, D. W.; Jun, S. Y.; Liu, Y. F.; Paulini, M.; Russ, J.; Vogel, H.; Vorobiev, I.] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. [Cumalat, J. P.; Dinardo, M. E.; Drell, B. R.; Edelmaier, C. J.; Ford, W. T.; Gaz, A.; Heyburn, B.; Lopez, E. Luiggi; Nauenberg, U.; Smith, J. G.; Stenson, K.; Ulmer, K. A.; Wagner, S. R.; Zang, S. L.] Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Agostino, L.; Alexander, J.; Chatterjee, A.; Eggert, N.; Gibbons, L. K.; Heltsley, B.; Hopkins, W.; Khukhunaishvili, A.; Kreis, B.; Mirman, N.; Kaufman, G. Nicolas; Patterson, J. R.; Ryd, A.; Salvati, E.; Sun, W.; Teo, W. D.; Thom, J.; Thompson, J.; Vaughan, J.; Weng, Y.; Winstrom, L.; Wittich, P.] Cornell Univ, Ithaca, NY USA. [Biselli, A.; Cirino, G.; Winn, D.] Fairfield Univ, Fairfield, CT 06430 USA. [Abdullin, S.; Albrow, M.; Anderson, J.; Apollinari, G.; Atac, M.; Bakken, J. A.; Bauerdick, L. A. T.; Beretvas, A.; Berryhill, J.; Bhat, P. C.; Bloch, I.; Burkett, K.; Butler, J. N.; Chetluru, V.; Cheung, H. W. K.; Chlebana, F.; Cihangir, S.; Cooper, W.; Eartly, D. P.; Elvira, V. D.; Esen, S.; Fisk, I.; Freeman, J.; Gao, Y.; Gottschalk, E.; Green, D.; Gutsche, O.; Hanlon, J.; Harris, R. M.; Hirschauer, J.; Hooberman, B.; Jensen, H.; Jindariani, S.; Johnson, M.; Joshi, U.; Klima, B.; Kunori, S.; Kwan, S.; Leonidopoulos, C.; Lincoln, D.; Lipton, R.; Lykken, J.; Maeshima, K.; Marraffino, J. M.; Maruyama, S.; Mason, D.; McBride, P.; Miao, T.; Mishra, K.; Mrenna, S.; Musienko, Y.; Newman-Holmes, C.; O'Dell, V.; Pivarski, J.; Pordes, R.; Prokofyev, O.; Schwarz, T.; Sexton-Kennedy, E.; Sharma, S.; Spalding, W. J.; Spiegel, L.; Tan, P.; Taylor, L.; Tkaczyk, S.; Uplegger, L.; Vaandering, E. W.; Vidal, R.; Whitmore, J.; Wu, W.; Yang, F.; Yumiceva, F.; Yun, J. C.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. [Piedra Gomez, J.; Acosta, D.; Avery, P.; Bourilkov, D.; Chen, M.; Das, S.; De Gruttola, M.; Di Giovanni, G. P.; Dobur, D.; Drozdetskiy, A.; Field, R. D.; Fisher, M.; Fu, Y.; Furic, I. K.; Gartner, J.; Goldberg, S.; Hugon, J.; Kim, B.; Konigsberg, J.; Korytov, A.; Kropivnitskaya, A.; Kypreos, T.; Low, J. F.; Matchev, K.; Milenovic, P.; Mitselmakher, G.; Muniz, L.; Remington, R.; Rinkevicius, A.; Schmitt, M.; Scurlock, B.; Sellers, P.; Skhirtladze, N.; Snowball, M.; Wang, D.; Yelton, J.; Zakaria, M.] Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL USA. [Gaultney, V.; Lebolo, L. M.; Linn, S.; Markowitz, P.; Martinez, G.; Rodriguez, J. L.] Florida Int Univ, Miami, FL 33199 USA. [Adams, T.; Askew, A.; Bochenek, J.; Chen, J.; Diamond, B.; Gleyzer, S. V.; Haas, J.; Hagopian, S.; Hagopian, V.; Jenkins, M.; Johnson, K. F.; Prosper, H.; Sekmen, S.; Veeraraghavan, V.; Weinberg, M.] Florida State Univ, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. [Baarmand, M. M.; Dorney, B.; Hohlmann, M.; Kalakhety, H.; Vodopiyanov, I.] Florida Inst Technol, Melbourne, FL 32901 USA. [Adams, M. R.; Anghel, I. M.; Apanasevich, L.; Bai, Y.; Bazterra, V. E.; Betts, R. R.; Callner, J.; Cavanaugh, R.; Dragoiu, C.; Gauthier, L.; Gerber, C. E.; Hofman, D. J.; Khalatyan, S.; Kunde, G. J.; Lacroix, F.; Malek, M.; O'Brien, C.; Silkworth, C.; Silvestre, C.; Strom, D.; Varelas, N.] UIC, Chicago, IL USA. [Ozturk, S.; Akgun, U.; Albayrak, E. A.; Bilki, B.; Clarida, W.; Duru, F.; Griffiths, S.; Lae, C. K.; McCliment, E.; Merlo, J. -P.; Mermerkaya, H.; Mestvirishvili, A.; Moeller, A.; Nachtman, J.; Newsom, C. 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C.; Peterman, A.; Rossato, K.; Rumerio, P.; Skuja, A.; Temple, J.; Tonjes, M. B.; Tonwar, S. C.; Twedt, E.] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Alver, B.; Bauer, G.; Bendavid, J.; Busza, W.; Butz, E.; Cali, I. A.; Chan, M.; Dutta, V.; Ceballos, G. Gomez; Goncharov, M.; Hahn, K. A.; Kim, Y.; Klute, M.; Lee, Y. -J.; Li, W.; Luckey, P. D.; Ma, T.; Nahn, S.; Paus, C.; Ralph, D.; Roland, C.; Roland, G.; Rudolph, M.; Stephans, G. S. F.; Stoeckli, F.; Sumorok, K.; Sung, K.; Velicanu, D.; Wenger, E. A.; Wolf, R.; Wyslouch, B.; Xie, S.; Yang, M.; Yilmaz, Y.; Yoon, A. S.; Zanetti, M.] MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Cooper, S. I.; Cushman, P.; Dahmes, B.; De Benedetti, A.; Franzoni, G.; Gude, A.; Haupt, J.; Kao, S. C.; Klapoetke, K.; Kubota, Y.; Mans, J.; Pastika, N.; Rekovic, V.; Rusack, R.; Sasseville, M.; Singovsky, A.; Tambe, N.; Turkewitz, J.] Univ Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN USA. [Cremaldi, L. M.; Godang, R.; Kroeger, R.; Perera, L.; Rahmat, R.; Sanders, D. 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Hektor, Andi/0000-0001-7873-8118; Cerrada, Marcos/0000-0003-0112-1691; Azzi, Patrizia/0000-0002-3129-828X; Scodellaro, Luca/0000-0002-4974-8330; Calvo Alamillo, Enrique/0000-0002-1100-2963; Paulini, Manfred/0000-0002-6714-5787; Vogel, Helmut/0000-0002-6109-3023 FU Austrian Federal Ministry of Science and Research; Belgium Fonds de la Recherche Scientifique, and Fonds voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek; Brazilian Funding Agency CNPq; Brazilian Funding Agency CAPES; Brazilian Funding Agency FAPERJ; Brazilian Funding Agency FAPESP; Bulgarian Ministry of Education and Science; CERN; Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, and National Natural Science Foundation of China; Colombian Funding Agency (COLCIENCIAS); Croatian Ministry of Science, Education and Sport; Research Promotion Foundation, Cyprus; Estonian Academy of Sciences and NICPB; Academy of Finland, Finnish Ministry of Education and Culture, and Helsinki Institute of Physics; Institut National de Physique Nucleaire et de Physique des Particules / CNRS, and Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives / CEA, France; Bundesministerium fur Bildung und Forschung, Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, and Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft Deutscher Forschungszentren, Germany; General Secretariat for Research and Technology, Greece; National Scientific Research Foundation, and National Office for Research and Technology, Hungary; Department of Atomic Energy and the Department of Science and Technology, India; Institute for Studies in Theoretical Physics and Mathematics, Iran; Science Foundation, Ireland; Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Italy; Korean Ministry of Education, Science and Technology and the World Class University program of NRF, Korea; Lithuanian Academy of Sciences; Mexican Funding Agency CINVESTAV; Mexican Funding Agency CONACYT; Mexican Funding Agency SEP; Mexican Funding Agency UASLP-FAI; Ministry of Science and Innovation, New Zealand; Pakistan Atomic Energy Commission; State Commission for Scientific Research, Poland; Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia, Portugal; JINR (Armenia, Belarus, Georgia, Ukraine, Uzbekistan); Ministry of Science and Technologies of the Russian Federation, and Russian Ministry of Atomic Energy; Ministry of Science and Technological Development of Serbia; Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion, and Programa Consolider-Ingenio 2010, Spain; Swiss Funding Agency ETH Board; Swiss Funding Agency ETH Zurich; Swiss Funding Agency PSI; Swiss Funding Agency SNF; Swiss Funding Agency UniZH; Swiss Funding Agency Canton Zurich; Swiss Funding Agency SER; National Science Council, Taipei; Scientific and Technical Research Council of Turkey, and Turkish Atomic Energy Authority; Science and Technology Facilities Council, U.K.; U.S. Department of Energy; U.S. National Science Foundation; Marie-Curie programme; European Research Council (European Union); Leventis Foundation; A. P. Sloan Foundation; Alexander von Humboldt Foundation; Associazione per lo Sviluppo Scientifico e Tecnologico del Piemonte (Italy); Belgian Federal Science Policy Office; Fonds pour la Formation a la Recherche dans l'Industrie et dans l'Agriculture (FRIA-Belgium); Agentschap voor Innovatie door Wetenschap en Technologie (IWT-Belgium); Council of Science and Industrial Research, India FX We wish to congratulate our colleagues in the CERN accelerator departments for the excellent performance of the LHC machine. We thank the technical and administrative staff at CERN and other CMS institutes. This work was supported by the Austrian Federal Ministry of Science and Research; the Belgium Fonds de la Recherche Scientifique, and Fonds voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek; the Brazilian Funding Agencies (CNPq, CAPES, FAPERJ, and FAPESP); the Bulgarian Ministry of Education and Science; CERN; the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, and National Natural Science Foundation of China; the Colombian Funding Agency (COLCIENCIAS); the Croatian Ministry of Science, Education and Sport; the Research Promotion Foundation, Cyprus; the Estonian Academy of Sciences and NICPB; the Academy of Finland, Finnish Ministry of Education and Culture, and Helsinki Institute of Physics; the Institut National de Physique Nucleaire et de Physique des Particules / CNRS, and Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives / CEA, France; the Bundesministerium fur Bildung und Forschung, Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, and Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft Deutscher Forschungszentren, Germany; the General Secretariat for Research and Technology, Greece; the National Scientific Research Foundation, and National Office for Research and Technology, Hungary; the Department of Atomic Energy and the Department of Science and Technology, India; the Institute for Studies in Theoretical Physics and Mathematics, Iran; the Science Foundation, Ireland; the Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Italy; the Korean Ministry of Education, Science and Technology and the World Class University program of NRF, Korea; the Lithuanian Academy of Sciences; the Mexican Funding Agencies (CINVESTAV, CONACYT, SEP, and UASLP-FAI); the Ministry of Science and Innovation, New Zealand; the Pakistan Atomic Energy Commission; the State Commission for Scientific Research, Poland; the Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia, Portugal; JINR (Armenia, Belarus, Georgia, Ukraine, Uzbekistan); the Ministry of Science and Technologies of the Russian Federation, and Russian Ministry of Atomic Energy; the Ministry of Science and Technological Development of Serbia; the Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion, and Programa Consolider-Ingenio 2010, Spain; the Swiss Funding Agencies (ETH Board, ETH Zurich, PSI, SNF, UniZH, Canton Zurich, and SER); the National Science Council, Taipei; the Scientific and Technical Research Council of Turkey, and Turkish Atomic Energy Authority; the Science and Technology Facilities Council, U.K.; the U.S. Department of Energy, and the U.S. National Science Foundation.; Individuals have received support from the Marie-Curie programme and the European Research Council (European Union); the Leventis Foundation; the A. P. Sloan Foundation; the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation; the Associazione per lo Sviluppo Scientifico e Tecnologico del Piemonte (Italy); the Belgian Federal Science Policy Office; the Fonds pour la Formation a la Recherche dans l'Industrie et dans l'Agriculture (FRIA-Belgium); the Agentschap voor Innovatie door Wetenschap en Technologie (IWT-Belgium); and the Council of Science and Industrial Research, India. NR 50 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 66 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1748-0221 J9 J INSTRUM JI J. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 7 AR P10002 DI 10.1088/1748-0221/7/10/P10002 PG 86 WC Instruments & Instrumentation SC Instruments & Instrumentation GA 033XN UT WOS:000310834800012 ER PT J AU Dalla Betta, GF Da Via, C Povoli, M Parker, S Boscardin, M Darbo, G Grinstein, S Grenier, P Hasi, J Kenney, C Kok, A Lai, CH Pellegrini, G Watts, S AF Dalla Betta, G. -F. Da Via, C. Povoli, M. Parker, S. Boscardin, M. Darbo, G. Grinstein, S. Grenier, P. Hasi, J. Kenney, C. Kok, A. Lai, C. -H. Pellegrini, G. Watts, S. TI Recent developments and future perspectives in 3D silicon radiation sensors SO JOURNAL OF INSTRUMENTATION LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Workshop on Intelligent Trackers (WIT) CY MAY 03-05, 2012 CL INFN, Pisa, ITALY HO INFN DE Solid state detectors; Radiation-hard detectors; Detector modelling and simulations II (electric fields, charge transport, multiplication and induction, pulse formation, electron emission, etc); Particle tracking detectors (Solid-state detectors) ID DETECTORS AB In this paper we report on the most recent achievements of the ATLAS 3D Sensors Collaboration in the development of silicon 3D sensors. Results from 3D pixels production for the ATLAS Insertable B-Layer (IBL) are presented, showing the high quality and good process reproducibility of the technology. In view of the future detector upgrades at the LHC, a new generation of 3D pixel sensors will be developed. This will require some new ideas and the solution of technological challenges. Both will briefly be addressed in this paper. C1 [Dalla Betta, G. -F.; Povoli, M.] Univ Trent, DISI, I-38123 Povo, TN, Italy. [Dalla Betta, G. -F.; Povoli, M.] INFN, Sez Padova, Grp Coll Trento, I-38123 Povo, TN, Italy. [Da Via, C.; Lai, C. -H.; Watts, S.] Univ Manchester, Sch Phys & Astron, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England. [Parker, S.] Univ Hawaii, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Boscardin, M.] Fdn Bruno Kessler FBK CMM, I-38123 Povo, TN, Italy. [Darbo, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Genova, I-14146 Genoa, Italy. [Grinstein, S.] UAB, IFAE, Bellaterra 08193, Barcelona, Spain. [Grinstein, S.] UAB, ICREA, Bellaterra 08193, Barcelona, Spain. [Grenier, P.; Hasi, J.; Kenney, C.] SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. [Kok, A.] SINTEF MiNaLab, N-0314 Oslo, Norway. [Pellegrini, G.] CSIC, CNM, IMB, E-08193 Barcelona, Spain. RP Dalla Betta, GF (reprint author), Univ Trent, DISI, Via Sommar 14, I-38123 Povo, TN, Italy. EM gianfranco.dallabetta@unitn.it RI Dalla Betta, Gian-Franco/I-1783-2012; Boscardin, Maurizio/A-4420-2014; Pellegrini, Giulio/F-4921-2011 OI Dalla Betta, Gian-Franco/0000-0001-5516-9282; Pellegrini, Giulio/0000-0002-1606-3546 NR 11 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 5 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1748-0221 J9 J INSTRUM JI J. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 7 AR C10006 DI 10.1088/1748-0221/7/10/C10006 PG 7 WC Instruments & Instrumentation SC Instruments & Instrumentation GA 033XN UT WOS:000310834800006 ER PT J AU Chard, K Bubendorfer, K Caton, S Rana, OF AF Chard, Kyle Bubendorfer, Kris Caton, Simon Rana, Omer F. TI Social Cloud Computing: A Vision for Socially Motivated Resource Sharing SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SERVICES COMPUTING LA English DT Article DE Social Cloud; social networks; cloud computing; services computing ID REPUTATION SYSTEMS; ONLINE; NETWORKS; TRUST AB Online relationships in social networks are often based on real world relationships and can therefore be used to infer a level of trust between users. We propose leveraging these relationships to form a dynamic "Social Cloud," thereby enabling users to share heterogeneous resources within the context of a social network. In addition, the inherent socially corrective mechanisms (incentives, disincentives) can be used to enable a cloud-based framework for long term sharing with lower privacy concerns and security overheads than are present in traditional cloud environments. Due to the unique nature of the Social Cloud, a social market place is proposed as a means of regulating sharing. The social market is novel, as it uses both social and economic protocols to facilitate trading. This paper defines Social Cloud computing, outlining various aspects of Social Clouds, and demonstrates the approach using a social storage cloud implementation in Facebook. C1 [Chard, Kyle] Univ Chicago, Computat Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Chard, Kyle] Argonne Natl Lab, Chicago, IL USA. [Bubendorfer, Kris] Victoria Univ Wellington, Sch Engn & Comp Sci, Wellington 6140, New Zealand. [Caton, Simon] Karlsruhe Inst Technol, Karlsruhe Serv Res Inst, D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany. [Caton, Simon] Karlsruhe Inst Technol, Inst Informat Syst & Management Informat & Market, D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany. [Rana, Omer F.] Cardiff Univ, Sch Comp Sci & Informat, Cardiff CF24 3AA, S Glam, Wales. RP Chard, K (reprint author), Univ Chicago, Computat Inst, 5735 S Ellis Ave, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. EM kyle@ci.uchicago.edu; kris.bubendorfer@ecs.vuw.ac.nz; simon.caton@kit.edu; o.f.rana@cs.cardiff.ac.uk RI Rana, Omer/E-4314-2015 OI Rana, Omer/0000-0003-3597-2646 NR 63 TC 53 Z9 54 U1 1 U2 32 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1314 USA SN 1939-1374 J9 IEEE T SERV COMPUT JI IEEE Trans. Serv. Comput. PD OCT-DEC PY 2012 VL 5 IS 4 BP 551 EP 563 DI 10.1109/TSC.2011.39 PG 13 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Software Engineering SC Computer Science GA 051CR UT WOS:000312102700009 ER PT J AU Airapetian, A Akopov, N Akopov, Z Aschenauer, EC Augustyniak, W Avakian, R Avetissian, A Avetisyan, E Belostotski, S Blok, HP Borissov, A Bowles, J Brodski, I Bryzgalov, V Burns, J Capiluppi, M Capitani, GP Cisbani, E Ciullo, G Contalbrigo, M Dalpiaz, PF Deconinck, W De Leo, R De Nardo, L De Sanctis, E Diefenthaler, M Di Nezza, P Duren, M Ehrenfried, M Elbakian, G Ellinghaus, F Etzelmuller, E Fabbri, R Fantoni, A Felawka, L Frullani, S Gapienko, G Gapienko, V Garibaldi, F Gavrilov, G Gharibyan, V Giordano, F Gliske, S Golembiovskaya, M Gregor, IM Guler, H Hartig, M Hasch, D Hillenbrand, A Hoek, M Holler, Y Hristova, I Ivanilov, A Jackson, HE Jo, HS Joosten, S Kaiser, R Karyan, G Keri, T Kinney, E Kisselev, A Korotkov, V Kozlov, V Krauss, B Kravchenko, P Krivokhijine, VG Lagamba, L Lapikas, L Lehmann, I Lenisa, P Ruiz, AL Lorenzon, W Lu, S Lu, X Ma, BQ Mahon, D Makins, NCR Manaenkov, SI Manfre, L Mao, Y Marianski, B de la Ossa, AM Marukyan, H Miller, CA Miyachi, Y Movsisyan, A Murray, M Mussgiller, A Nappi, E Naryshkin, Y Nass, A Negodaev, M Nowak, WD Osborne, A Pappalardo, LL Perez-Benito, R Petrosyan, A Reimer, PE Reolon, AR Riedl, C Rith, K Rosner, G Rostomyan, A Rubacek, L Rubin, J Ryckbosch, D Schafer, A Schnell, G Schuler, KP Seitz, B Shearer, C Shibata, TA Shutov, V Stancari, M Statera, M Steijger, JJM Stewart, J Taroian, S Terkulov, A Truty, R Trzcinski, A Tytgat, M Van Haarlem, Y Van Hulse, C Veretennikov, D Vikhrov, V Vilardi, I Wang, S Yaschenko, S Ye, Z Yen, S Zagrebelnyy, V Zeiler, D Zihlmann, B Zupranski, P AF Airapetian, A. Akopov, N. Akopov, Z. Aschenauer, E. C. Augustyniak, W. Avakian, R. Avetissian, A. Avetisyan, E. Belostotski, S. Blok, H. P. Borissov, A. Bowles, J. Brodski, I. Bryzgalov, V. Burns, J. Capiluppi, M. Capitani, G. P. Cisbani, E. Ciullo, G. Contalbrigo, M. Dalpiaz, P. F. Deconinck, W. De Leo, R. De Nardo, L. De Sanctis, E. Diefenthaler, M. Di Nezza, P. Dueren, M. Ehrenfried, M. Elbakian, G. Ellinghaus, F. Etzelmueller, E. Fabbri, R. Fantoni, A. Felawka, L. Frullani, S. Gapienko, G. Gapienko, V. Garibaldi, F. Gavrilov, G. Gharibyan, V. Giordano, F. Gliske, S. Golembiovskaya, M. Gregor, I. M. Guler, H. Hartig, M. Hasch, D. Hillenbrand, A. Hoek, M. Holler, Y. Hristova, I. Ivanilov, A. Jackson, H. E. Jo, H. S. Joosten, S. Kaiser, R. Karyan, G. Keri, T. Kinney, E. Kisselev, A. Korotkov, V. Kozlov, V. Krauss, B. Kravchenko, P. Krivokhijine, V. G. Lagamba, L. Lapikas, L. Lehmann, I. Lenisa, P. Ruiz, A. Lopez Lorenzon, W. Lu, S. Lu, X. Ma, B. -Q. Mahon, D. Makins, N. C. R. Manaenkov, S. I. Manfre, L. Mao, Y. Marianski, B. de la Ossa, A. Martinez Marukyan, H. Miller, C. A. Miyachi, Y. Movsisyan, A. Murray, M. Mussgiller, A. Nappi, E. Naryshkin, Y. Nass, A. Negodaev, M. Nowak, W. -D. Osborne, A. Pappalardo, L. L. Perez-Benito, R. Petrosyan, A. Reimer, P. E. Reolon, A. R. Riedl, C. Rith, K. Rosner, G. Rostomyan, A. Rubacek, L. Rubin, J. Ryckbosch, D. Schaefer, A. Schnell, G. Schueler, K. P. Seitz, B. Shearer, C. Shibata, T. -A. Shutov, V. Stancari, M. Statera, M. Steijger, J. J. M. Stewart, J. Taroian, S. Terkulov, A. Truty, R. Trzcinski, A. Tytgat, M. Van Haarlem, Y. Van Hulse, C. Veretennikov, D. Vikhrov, V. Vilardi, I. Wang, S. Yaschenko, S. Ye, Z. Yen, S. Zagrebelnyy, V. Zeiler, D. Zihlmann, B. Zupranski, P. CA HERMES Collaboration TI Beam-helicity asymmetry arising from deeply virtual Compton scattering measured with kinematically complete event reconstruction SO JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Lepton-Nucleon Scattering ID HERA; NUCLEON; SPIN; EP AB The beam-helicity asymmetry in exclusive electroproduction of real photons by the longitudinally polarized HERA positron beam scattering off an unpolarized hydrogen target is measured at HERMES. The asymmetry arises from deeply virtual Compton scattering and its interference with the Bethe-Heitler process. Azimuthal amplitudes of the beam-helicity asymmetry are extracted from a data sample consisting of ep -> ep gamma events with detection of all particles in the final state including the recoiling proton. The installation of a recoil detector, while reducing the acceptance of the experiment, allows the elimination of background from ep -> eN pi gamma events, which was estimated to contribute an average of about 12% to the signal in previous HERMES publications. The removal of this background from the present data sample is shown to increase the magnitude of the leading asymmetry amplitude by 0.054 +/- 0.016 to -0.328 +/- 0.027 (stat.) +/- 0.045 (syst.). C1 [Airapetian, A.; Brodski, I.; Dueren, M.; Ehrenfried, M.; Etzelmueller, E.; Keri, T.; Lu, S.; Perez-Benito, R.; Rubacek, L.] Univ Giessen, Inst Phys, D-35392 Giessen, Germany. [Jackson, H. E.; Reimer, P. E.; Rubin, J.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [De Leo, R.; Lagamba, L.; Nappi, E.; Vilardi, I.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bari, I-70124 Bari, Italy. [Ma, B. -Q.; Mao, Y.; Wang, S.] Peking Univ, Sch Phys, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China. [Schnell, G.; Van Hulse, C.] Univ Basque Country UPV EHU, Dept Theoret Phys, Bilbao 48080, Spain. [Schnell, G.; Van Hulse, C.] Basque Fdn Sci, IKERBASQUE, Bilbao 48011, Spain. [Ellinghaus, F.; Kinney, E.; de la Ossa, A. Martinez] Univ Colorado, Nucl Phys Lab, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Akopov, Z.; Avetisyan, E.; Borissov, A.; Deconinck, W.; De Nardo, L.; Gavrilov, G.; Hartig, M.; Holler, Y.; de la Ossa, A. Martinez; Mussgiller, A.; Rostomyan, A.; Schueler, K. P.; Ye, Z.; Zagrebelnyy, V.; Zihlmann, B.] DESY, D-22603 Hamburg, Germany. [Aschenauer, E. C.; Fabbri, R.; Golembiovskaya, M.; Gregor, I. M.; Guler, H.; Hillenbrand, A.; Hristova, I.; Lu, X.; Negodaev, M.; Nowak, W. -D.; Riedl, C.; Stewart, J.; Yaschenko, S.] DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany. [Krivokhijine, V. G.; Shutov, V.] Joint Inst Nucl Res, Dubna 141980, Russia. [Diefenthaler, M.; Krauss, B.; Kravchenko, P.; Mussgiller, A.; Nass, A.; Rith, K.; Yaschenko, S.; Zeiler, D.] Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Inst Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany. [Capiluppi, M.; Ciullo, G.; Contalbrigo, M.; Dalpiaz, P. F.; Giordano, F.; Lenisa, P.; Pappalardo, L. L.; Stancari, M.; Statera, M.] Univ Ferrara, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Ferrara, I-44100 Ferrara, Italy. [Capiluppi, M.; Ciullo, G.; Contalbrigo, M.; Dalpiaz, P. F.; Giordano, F.; Lenisa, P.; Pappalardo, L. L.; Stancari, M.; Statera, M.] Univ Ferrara, Dipartimento Fis, I-44100 Ferrara, Italy. [Capitani, G. P.; De Sanctis, E.; Di Nezza, P.; Fantoni, A.; Hasch, D.; Reolon, A. R.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy. [De Nardo, L.; Jo, H. S.; Ruiz, A. Lopez; Ryckbosch, D.; Schnell, G.; Tytgat, M.; Van Haarlem, Y.; Van Hulse, C.] Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium. [Bowles, J.; Burns, J.; Hoek, M.; Kaiser, R.; Keri, T.; Lehmann, I.; Mahon, D.; Murray, M.; Osborne, A.; Rosner, G.; Seitz, B.; Shearer, C.] Univ Glasgow, Sch Phys & Astron, SUPA, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Lanark, Scotland. [Diefenthaler, M.; Giordano, F.; Joosten, S.; Makins, N. C. R.; Rubin, J.; Truty, R.] Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Airapetian, A.; Gliske, S.; Lorenzon, W.; Zagrebelnyy, V.] Univ Michigan, Randall Lab Phys, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Kozlov, V.; Terkulov, A.] PN Lebedev Phys Inst, Moscow 117924, Russia. [Blok, H. P.; Lapikas, L.; Steijger, J. J. M.] Natl Inst Subat Phys Nikhef, NL-1009 DB Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Belostotski, S.; Gavrilov, G.; Kisselev, A.; Kravchenko, P.; Manaenkov, S. I.; Naryshkin, Y.; Veretennikov, D.; Vikhrov, V.] BP Konstantinov Petersburg Nucl Phys Inst, Gatchina 188300, Leningrad Regio, Russia. [Bryzgalov, V.; Gapienko, G.; Gapienko, V.; Ivanilov, A.; Korotkov, V.] Inst High Energy Phys, Protvino 142281, Moscow Region, Russia. [Schaefer, A.] Univ Regensburg, Inst Theoret Phys, D-93040 Regensburg, Germany. [Cisbani, E.; Frullani, S.; Garibaldi, F.; Manfre, L.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Grp Collegato Sanita, I-00161 Rome, Italy. [Cisbani, E.; Frullani, S.; Garibaldi, F.; Manfre, L.] Ist Super Sanita, I-00161 Rome, Italy. [De Nardo, L.; Felawka, L.; Gavrilov, G.; Miller, C. A.; Yen, S.] TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada. [Miyachi, Y.; Shibata, T. -A.] Tokyo Inst Technol, Dept Phys, Tokyo 152, Japan. [Blok, H. P.] Vrije Univ Amsterdam, Dept Phys & Astron, NL-1081 HV Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Augustyniak, W.; Marianski, B.; Trzcinski, A.; Zupranski, P.] Natl Ctr Nucl Res, PL-00689 Warsaw, Poland. [Akopov, N.; Avakian, R.; Avetissian, A.; Elbakian, G.; Gharibyan, V.; Karyan, G.; Marukyan, H.; Movsisyan, A.; Petrosyan, A.; Taroian, S.] Yerevan Phys Inst, Yerevan 375036, Armenia. [HERMES Collaboration] DESY HERMES, D-22607 Hamburg, Germany. RP Airapetian, A (reprint author), Univ Giessen, Inst Phys, D-35392 Giessen, Germany. RI Cisbani, Evaristo/C-9249-2011; Gavrilov, Gennady/C-6260-2013; Reimer, Paul/E-2223-2013; Negodaev, Mikhail/A-7026-2014; Taroian, Sarkis/E-1668-2014; Kozlov, Valentin/M-8000-2015; Terkulov, Adel/M-8581-2015 OI Cisbani, Evaristo/0000-0002-6774-8473; Lagamba, Luigi/0000-0002-0233-9812; Deconinck, Wouter/0000-0003-4033-6716; FU Ministry of Economy; Ministry of Education and Science of Armenia; FWO-Flanders; IWT, Belgium; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; National Natural Science Foundation of China; Alexander von Humboldt Stiftung; German Bundesministerium fur Bildung und Forschung (BMBF); Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG); Italian Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN); MEXT; JSPS; G-COE of Japan; Dutch Foundation for Fundamenteel Onderzoek der Materie (FOM); Russian Academy of Science; Russian Federal Agency for Science and Innovations; Basque Foundation for Science (IKERBASQUE); UPV/EHU [UFI 11/55]; U.K. Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council; Science and Technology Facilities Council; Scottish Universities Physics Alliance; U.S. Department of Energy (DOE); National Science Foundation (NSF); European Community [227431] FX We gratefully acknowledge the DESY management for its support and the staff at DESY and the collaborating institutions for their significant effort. This work was supported by the Ministry of Economy and the Ministry of Education and Science of Armenia; the FWO-Flanders and IWT, Belgium; the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; the National Natural Science Foundation of China; the Alexander von Humboldt Stiftung, the German Bundesministerium fur Bildung und Forschung (BMBF), and the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG); the Italian Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN); the MEXT, JSPS, and G-COE of Japan; the Dutch Foundation for Fundamenteel Onderzoek der Materie (FOM); the Russian Academy of Science and the Russian Federal Agency for Science and Innovations; the Basque Foundation for Science (IKERBASQUE) and the UPV/EHU under program UFI 11/55; the U.K. Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council, the Science and Technology Facilities Council, and the Scottish Universities Physics Alliance; the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) and the National Science Foundation (NSF); as well as the European Community Research Infrastructure Integrating Activity under the FP7 "Study of strongly interacting matter (HadronPhysics2, Grant Agreement number 227431)". NR 46 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 17 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1029-8479 J9 J HIGH ENERGY PHYS JI J. High Energy Phys. PD OCT PY 2012 IS 10 AR 042 DI 10.1007/JHEP10(2012)042 PG 28 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 034EB UT WOS:000310851800025 ER PT J AU Chatrchyan, S Khachatryan, V Sirunyan, AM Tumasyan, A Adam, W Bergauer, T Dragicevic, M Ero, J Fabjan, C Friedl, M Fruhwirth, R Ghete, VM Hammer, J Hormann, N Hrubec, J Jeitler, M Kiesenhofer, W Knunz, V Krammer, M Liko, D Mikulec, I Pernicka, M Rahbaran, B Rohringer, C Rohringer, H Schofbeck, R Strauss, J Taurok, A Wagner, P Waltenberger, W Walzel, G Widl, E Wulz, CE Mossolov, V Shumeiko, N Gonzalez, JS Bansal, S Cornelis, T De Wolf, EA Janssen, X Luyckx, S Mucibello, L Ochesanu, S Roland, B Rougny, R Selvaggi, M Staykova, Z Van Haevermaet, H Van Mechelen, P Van Remortel, N Van Spilbeeck, A Blekman, F Blyweert, S D'Hondt, J Suarez, RG Kalogeropoulos, A Maes, M Olbrechts, A Van Doninck, W Van Mulders, P Van Onsem, GP Villella, I Clerbaux, B De Lentdecker, G Dero, V Gay, APR Hreus, T Leonard, A Marage, PE Reis, T Thomas, L Vander Velde, C 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CA CMS Collaboration TI Search for supersymmetry in hadronic final states using M-T2 in pp collisions at root s=7 TeV SO JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Hadron-Hadron Scattering ID MISSING TRANSVERSE-MOMENTUM; PROTON-PROTON COLLISIONS; MEASURING MASSES; ATLAS DETECTOR; COLLIDERS; SQUARKS; ENERGY; JETS AB A search for supersymmetry or other new physics resulting in similar final states is presented using a data sample of 4.73 fb(-1) of pp collisions collected at root s = 7 TeV with the CMS detector at the LHC. Fully hadronic final states are selected based on the variable M-T2, an extension of the transverse mass in events with two invisible particles. Two complementary studies are performed. The first targets the region of parameter space with medium to high squark and gluino masses, in which the signal can be separated from the standard model backgrounds by a tight requirement on M-T2. The second is optimized to be sensitive to events with a light gluino and heavy squarks. In this case, the M-T2 requirement is relaxed, but a higher jet multiplicity and at least one b-tagged jet are required. No significant excess of events over the standard model expectations is observed. Exclusion limits are derived for the parameter space of the constrained minimal supersymmetric extension of the standard model, as well as on a variety of simplified model spectra. C1 [Chatrchyan, S.; Khachatryan, V.; Sirunyan, A. M.; Tumasyan, A.] Yerevan Phys Inst, Yerevan 375036, Armenia. [Adam, W.; Bergauer, T.; Dragicevic, M.; Eroe, J.; Fabjan, C.; Friedl, M.; Fruehwirth, R.; Ghete, V. 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A.; Martelli, A.; Massironi, A.; Paganoni, M.; Ragazzi, S.; de Fatis, T. Tabarelli] Univ Milano Bicocca, Milan, Italy. [Buontempo, S.; Montoya, C. A. Carrillo; Cavallo, N.; De Cosa, A.; Dogangun, O.; Fabozzi, F.; Iorio, A. O. M.; Lista, L.; Meola, S.; Merola, M.; Paolucci, P.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Napoli, I-80125 Naples, Italy. [De Cosa, A.; Dogangun, O.; Merola, M.] Univ Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy. [Azzi, P.; Bacchetta, N.; Bellan, P.; Bisello, D.; Branca, A.; Carlin, R.; Checchia, P.; Dorigo, T.; Dosselli, U.; Gasparini, F.; Gasparini, U.; Gozzelino, A.; Kanishchev, K.; Lacaprara, S.; Lazzizzera, I.; Margoni, M.; Meneguzzo, A. T.; Nespolo, M.; Pazzini, J.; Ronchese, P.; Simonetto, F.; Torassa, E.; Vanini, S.; Zotto, P.; Zucchetta, A.; Zumerle, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Padova, Padua, Italy. [Bellan, P.; Bisello, D.; Carlin, R.; Gasparini, F.; Gasparini, U.; Margoni, M.; Meneguzzo, A. T.; Ronchese, P.; Simonetto, F.; Vanini, S.; Zotto, P.; Zumerle, G.] Univ Padua, Padua, Italy. [Kanishchev, K.; Lazzizzera, I.] Univ Trento Trento, Padua, Italy. [Gabusi, M.; Ratti, S. P.; Riccardi, C.; Torre, P.; Vitulo, P.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pavia, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. [Gabusi, M.; Ratti, S. P.; Riccardi, C.; Torre, P.; Vitulo, P.] Univ Pavia, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. [Biasini, M.; Bilei, G. M.; Fano, L.; Lariccia, P.; Lucaroni, A.; Mantovani, G.; Menichelli, M.; Nappi, A.; Romeo, F.; Saha, A.; Santocchia, A.; Taroni, S.; Pioppi, M.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy. [Biasini, M.; Fano, L.; Lariccia, P.; Lucaroni, A.; Mantovani, G.; Nappi, A.; Romeo, F.; Santocchia, A.; Taroni, S.; Pioppi, M.] Univ Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy. [Azzurri, P.; Bagliesi, G.; Boccali, T.; Broccolo, G.; Castaldi, R.; D'Agnolo, R. T.; Dell'Orso, R.; Fiori, F.; Foa, L.; Giassi, A.; Kraan, A.; Ligabue, F.; Lomtadze, T.; Martini, L.; Messineo, A.; Palla, F.; Rizzi, A.; Serban, A. T.; Spagnolo, P.; Squillacioti, P.; Tenchini, R.; Tonelli, G.; Venturi, A.; Verdini, P. G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pisa, Pisa, Italy. [Fiori, F.; Messineo, A.; Rizzi, A.; Tonelli, G.] Univ Pisa, Pisa, Italy. [Azzurri, P.; Broccolo, G.; D'Agnolo, R. T.; Foa, L.; Ligabue, F.] Scuola Normale Super Pisa, Pisa, Italy. [Barone, L.; Cavallari, F.; Del Re, D.; Diemoz, M.; Grassi, M.; Longo, E.; Meridiani, P.; Micheli, F.; Nourbakhsh, S.; Organtini, G.; Paramatti, R.; Rahatlou, S.; Sigamani, M.; Soffi, L.; Rovelli, C.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma, Rome, Italy. [Barone, L.; Del Re, D.; Grassi, M.; Longo, E.; Micheli, F.; Nourbakhsh, S.; Organtini, G.; Rahatlou, S.; Soffi, L.; Rovelli, C.] Univ Roma La Sapienza, Rome, Italy. [Amapane, N.; Arcidiacono, R.; Argiro, S.; Arneodo, M.; Biino, C.; Cartiglia, N.; Costa, M.; Demaria, N.; Graziano, A.; Mariotti, C.; Maselli, S.; Migliore, E.; Monaco, V.; Musich, M.; Obertino, M. M.; Pastrone, N.; Pelliccioni, M.; Potenza, A.; Romero, A.; Ruspa, M.; Sacchi, R.; Solano, A.; Staiano, A.; Pereira, A. Vilela] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Torino, I-10125 Turin, Italy. [Amapane, N.; Argiro, S.; Costa, M.; Graziano, A.; Migliore, E.; Monaco, V.; Potenza, A.; Romero, A.; Sacchi, R.; Solano, A.] Univ Turin, Turin, Italy. [Arcidiacono, R.; Arneodo, M.; Obertino, M. M.; Ruspa, M.] Univ Piemonte Orientale Novara, Turin, Italy. [Belforte, S.; Candelise, V.; Cossutti, F.; Della Ricca, G.; Gobbo, B.; Marone, M.; Montanino, D.; Penzo, A.; Schizzi, A.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, Trieste, Italy. [Candelise, V.; Della Ricca, G.; Marone, M.; Montanino, D.; Schizzi, A.] Univ Trieste, Trieste, Italy. [Heo, S. C.; Kim, T. Y.; Nam, S. K.] Kangwon Natl Univ, Chunchon, South Korea. [Chang, S.; Kim, D. H.; Kim, G. N.; Kong, D. J.; Park, H.; Ro, S. R.; Son, D. C.; Son, T.; Kamon, T.] Kyungpook Natl Univ, Taegu, South Korea. [Kim, J. Y.; Kim, Zero J.; Song, S.] Chonnam Natl Univ, Inst Universe & Elementary Particles, Kwangju, South Korea. [Choi, S.; Gyun, D.; Hong, B.; Jo, M.; Kim, H.; Kim, T. J.; Lee, K. S.; Moon, D. H.; Park, S. K.] Korea Univ, Seoul, South Korea. [Choi, M.; Kim, J. H.; Park, C.; Park, I. C.; Park, S.; Ryu, G.] Univ Seoul, Seoul, South Korea. [Cho, Y.; Choi, Y.; Choi, Y. K.; Goh, J.; Kim, M. S.; Kwon, E.; Lee, B.; Lee, J.; Lee, S.; Seo, H.; Yu, I.] Sungkyunkwan Univ, Suwon, South Korea. [Bilinskas, M. J.; Grigelionis, I.; Janulis, M.; Juodagalvis, A.] Vilnius State Univ, Vilnius, Lithuania. [Castilla-Valdez, H.; De la Cruz-Burelo, E.; Heredia-de La Cruz, I.; Lopez-Fernandez, R.; Magana Villalba, R.; Martinez-Ortega, J.; Sanchez-Hernandez, A.; Villasenor-Cendejas, L. M.] IPN, Ctr Invest & Estudios Avanzados, Mexico City 07738, DF, Mexico. [Carrillo Moreno, S.; Vazquez Valencia, F.] Univ Iberoamer, Mexico City, DF, Mexico. [Salazar Ibarguen, H. A.] Benemerita Univ Autonoma Puebla, Puebla, Mexico. [Casimiro Linares, E.; Morelos Pineda, A.; Reyes-Santos, M. A.] Univ Autonoma San Luis Potosi, San Luis Potosi, Mexico. [Krofcheck, D.] Univ Auckland, Auckland 1, New Zealand. [Bell, A. J.; Butler, P. H.; Doesburg, R.; Reucroft, S.; Silverwood, H.] Univ Canterbury, Christchurch 1, New Zealand. [Ahmad, M.; Asghar, M. I.; Hoorani, H. R.; Khalid, S.; Khan, W. A.; Khurshid, T.; Qazi, S.; Shah, M. A.; Shoaib, M.] Quaid I Azam Univ, Natl Ctr Phys, Islamabad, Pakistan. [Brona, G.; Bunkowski, K.; Cwiok, M.; Dominik, W.; Doroba, K.; Kalinowski, A.; Konecki, M.; Krolikowski, J.] Univ Warsaw, Inst Expt Phys, Fac Phys, Warsaw, Poland. [Bluj, M.; Bialkowska, H.; Boimska, B.; Frueboes, T.; Gokieli, R.; Gorski, M.; Kazana, M.; Nawrocki, K.; Romanowska-Rybinska, K.; Szleper, M.; Wrochna, G.; Zalewski, P.] Soltan Inst Nucl Studies, PL-00681 Warsaw, Poland. [Almeida, N.; Bargassa, P.; David, A.; Faccioli, P.; Fernandes, M.; Ferreira Parracho, P. C.; Gallinaro, M.; Seixas, J.; Varela, J.; Vischia, P.] Lab Instrumentacao & Fis Expt Particulas, Lisbon, Portugal. [Belotelov, I.; Bunin, P.; Golutvin, I.; Gorbunov, I.; Karjavin, V.; Konoplyanikov, V.; Kozlov, G.; Lanev, A.; Malakhov, A.; Moisenz, P.; Palichik, V.; Perelygin, V.; Savina, M.; Shmatov, S.; Smirnov, V.; Volodko, A.; Zarubin, A.] Joint Inst Nucl Res, Dubna, Russia. [Evstyukhin, S.; Golovtsov, V.; Ivanov, Y.; Kim, V.; Levchenko, P.; Murzin, V.; Oreshkin, V.; Smirnov, I.; Sulimov, V.; Uvarov, L.; Vavilov, S.; Vorobyev, A.; Vorobyev, An.] Petersburg Nucl Phys Inst, St Petersburg, Russia. [Andreev, Yu.; Dermenev, A.; Gninenko, S.; Golubev, N.; Kirsanov, M.; Krasnikov, N.; Matveev, V.; Pashenkov, A.; Tlisov, D.; Toropin, A.; Musienko, Y.] Russian Acad Sci, Inst Nucl Res, Moscow, Russia. [Epshteyn, V.; Erofeeva, M.; Gavrilov, V.; Kossov, M.; Lychkovskaya, N.; Popov, V.; Safronov, G.; Semenov, S.; Stolin, V.; Vlasov, E.; Zhokin, A.; Starodumov, A.; Nikitenko, A.] Inst Theoret & Expt Phys, Moscow 117259, Russia. [Zhukov, V.; Katkov, I.; Belyaev, A.; Boos, E.; Dubinin, M.; Dudko, L.; Ershov, A.; Gribushin, A.; Klyukhin, V.; Kodolova, O.; Lokhtin, I.; Markina, A.; Obraztsov, S.; Perfilov, M.; Petrushanko, S.; Popov, A.; Sarycheva, L.; Savrin, V.; Snigirev, A.] Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Moscow, Russia. [Andreev, V.; Azarkin, M.; Dremin, I.; Kirakosyan, M.; Leonidov, A.; Mesyats, G.; Rusakov, S. V.; Vinogradov, A.] PN Lebedev Phys Inst, Moscow 117924, Russia. [Azhgirey, I.; Bayshev, I.; Bitioukov, S.; Grishin, V.; Kachanov, V.; Konstantinov, D.; Korablev, A.; Krychkine, V.; Petrov, V.; Ryutin, R.; Sobol, A.; Tourtchanovitch, L.; Troshin, S.; Tyurin, N.; Uzunian, A.; Volkov, A.] State Res Ctr Russian Federat, Inst High Energy Phys, Protvino, Russia. [Adzic, P.; Djordjevic, M.; Ekmedzic, M.; Krpic, D.; Milosevic, J.; Milenovic, P.] Univ Belgrade, Fac Phys, Belgrade 11001, Serbia. [Adzic, P.; Djordjevic, M.; Ekmedzic, M.; Krpic, D.; Milosevic, J.; Milenovic, P.] Vinca Inst Nucl Sci, Belgrade, Serbia. [Aguilar-Benitez, M.; Alcaraz Maestre, J.; Arce, P.; Battilana, C.; Calvo, E.; Cerrada, M.; Chamizo Llatas, M.; Colino, N.; De la Cruz, B.; Delgado Peris, A.; Dominguez Vazquez, D.; Fernandez Bedoya, C.; Fernandez Ramos, J. P.; Ferrando, A.; Flix, J.; Fouz, M. C.; Garcia-Abia, P.; Gonzalez Lopez, O.; Goy Lopez, S.; Hernandez, J. M.; Josa, M. I.; Merino, G.; Puerta Pelayo, J.; Quintario Olmeda, A.; Redondo, I.; Romero, L.; Santaolalla, J.; Soares, M. S.; Willmott, C.] CIEMAT, E-28040 Madrid, Spain. [Albajar, C.; Codispoti, G.; de Troconiz, J. F.] Univ Autonoma Madrid, Madrid, Spain. [Brun, H.; Cuevas, J.; Fernandez Menendez, J.; Folgueras, S.; Gonzalez Caballero, I.; Lloret Iglesias, L.; Piedra Gomez, J.] Univ Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain. [Brochero Cifuentes, J. A.; Cabrillo, I. J.; Calderon, A.; Chuang, S. H.; Duarte Campderros, J.; Felcini, M.; Fernandez, M.; Gomez, G.; Gonzalez Sanchez, J.; Jorda, C.; Lopez Virto, A.; Marco, J.; Marco, R.; Martinez Rivero, C.; Matorras, F.; Munoz Sanchez, F. J.; Rodrigo, T.; Rodriguez-Marrero, A. Y.; Ruiz-Jimeno, A.; Scodellaro, L.; Sobron Sanudo, M.; Vila, I.; Vilar Cortabitarte, R.] Univ Cantabria, CSIC, Inst Fis Cantabria IFCA, E-39005 Santander, Spain. [Genchev, V.; Iaydjiev, P.; Puljak, I.; Chierici, R.; Guthoff, M.; Hauth, T.; Foudas, C.; Hajdu, C.; Sharma, A.; Mohanty, A. K.; Calabria, C.; De Filippis, N.; Fasanella, D.; Meneghelli, M.; Tropiano, A.; Benaglia, A.; Di Matteo, L.; Gennai, S.; Massironi, A.; Montoya, C. A. Carrillo; De Cosa, A.; Paolucci, P.; Bacchetta, N.; Branca, A.; Nespolo, M.; Lucaroni, A.; Taroni, S.; Fiori, F.; Squillacioti, P.; Tonelli, G.; Venturi, A.; Del Re, D.; Grassi, M.; Meridiani, P.; Mariotti, C.; Musich, M.; Marone, M.; Montanino, D.; Kossov, M.; Grishin, V.; Abbaneo, D.; Auffray, E.; Auzinger, G.; Baillon, P.; Ball, A. H.; Barney, D.; Benitez, J. F.; Bernet, C.; Bianchi, G.; Bloch, P.; Bocci, A.; Bonato, A.; Botta, C.; Breuker, H.; Camporesi, T.; Cerminara, G.; Christiansen, T.; Perez, J. A. Coarasa; D'Enterria, D.; Dabrowski, A.; De Roeck, A.; Di Guida, S.; Dobson, M.; Dupont-Sagorin, N.; Elliott-Peisert, A.; Frisch, B.; Funk, W.; Georgiou, G.; Giffels, M.; Gigi, D.; Gill, K.; Giordano, D.; Giunta, M.; Glege, F.; Garrido, R. Gomez-Reino; Govoni, P.; Gowdy, S.; Guida, R.; Hansen, M.; Harris, P.; Hartl, C.; Harvey, J.; Hegner, B.; Hinzmann, A.; Innocente, V.; Janot, P.; Kaadze, K.; Karavakis, E.; Kousouris, K.; Lecoq, P.; Lee, Y. -J.; Lenzi, P.; Lourenco, C.; Maeki, T.; Malberti, M.; Malgeri, L.; Mannelli, M.; Masetti, L.; Meijers, F.; Mersi, S.; Meschi, E.; Moser, R.; Mozer, M. U.; Mulders, M.; Musella, P.; Nesvold, E.; Orimoto, T.; Orsini, L.; Cortezon, E. Palencia; Perez, E.; Perrozzi, L.; Petrilli, A.; Pfeiffer, A.; Pierini, M.; Pimiae, M.; Piparo, D.; Polese, G.; Quertenmont, L.; Racz, A.; Reece, W.; Antunes, J. Rodrigues; Rolandi, G.; Rommerskirchen, T.; Rovelli, C.; Rovere, M.; Sakulin, H.; Santanastasio, F.; Schaefer, C.; Schwick, C.; Segoni, I.; Sekmen, S.; Siegrist, P.; Silva, P.; Simon, M.; Sphicas, P.; Spiga, D.; Tsirou, A.; Veres, G. I.; Vlimant, J. R.; Woehri, H. K.; Worm, S. D.; Zeuner, W. D.; Pela, J.] CERN, European Org Nucl Res, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. [Bertl, W.; Deiters, K.; Erdmann, W.; Gabathuler, K.; Horisberger, R.; Ingram, Q.; Kaestli, H. C.; Koenig, S.; Kotlinski, D.; Langenegger, U.; Meier, F.; Renker, D.; Rohe, T.; Sibille, J.; Naegeli, C.] Paul Scherrer Inst, Villigen, Switzerland. [Baeni, L.; Bortignon, P.; Buchmann, M. A.; Casal, B.; Chanon, N.; Deisher, A.; Dissertori, G.; Dittmar, M.; Duenser, M.; Eugster, J.; Freudenreich, K.; Grab, C.; Hits, D.; Lecomte, P.; Lustermann, W.; Marini, A. C.; Martinez Ruiz del Arbol, P.; Mohr, N.; Moortgat, F.; Naegeli, C.; Nef, P.; Nessi-Tedaldi, F.; Pandolfi, F.; Pape, L.; Pauss, F.; Peruzzi, M.; Ronga, F. J.; Rossini, M.; Sala, L.; Sanchez, A. K.; Starodumov, A.; Stieger, B.; Takahashi, M.; Tauscher, L.; Thea, A.; Theofilatos, K.; Treille, D.; Urscheler, C.; Wallny, R.; Weber, H. A.; Wehrli, L.] ETH, Inst Particle Phys, Zurich, Switzerland. [Aguilo, E.; Amsler, C.; Chiochia, V.; De Visscher, S.; Favaro, C.; Rikova, M. Ivova; Mejias, B. Millan; Otiougova, P.; Robmann, P.; Snoek, H.; Tupputi, S.; Verzetti, M.] Univ Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland. [Chang, Y. H.; Chen, K. H.; Kuo, C. M.; Li, S. W.; Lin, W.; Liu, Z. K.; Lu, Y. J.; Mekterovic, D.; Singh, A. P.; Volpe, R.; Yu, S. S.] Natl Cent Univ, Chungli 32054, Taiwan. [Chang, Y. H.; Bartalini, P.; Chang, P.; Chang, Y. W.; Chao, Y.; Chen, K. F.; Dietz, C.; Grundler, U.; Hou, W. -S.; Hsiung, Y.; Kao, K. Y.; Lei, Y. J.; Lu, R. -S.; Majumder, D.; Petrakou, E.; Shi, X.; Shiu, J. G.; Tzeng, Y. M.; Wan, X.; Wang, M.] Natl Taiwan Univ, Taipei 10764, Taiwan. [Adiguzel, A.; Bakirci, M. N.; Cerci, S.; Dozen, C.; Dumanoglu, I.; Eskut, E.; Girgis, S.; Gokbulut, G.; Gurpinar, E.; Hos, I.; Kangal, E. E.; Karapinar, G.; Topaksu, A. Kayis; Onengut, G.; Ozdemir, K.; Ozturk, S.; Polatoz, A.; Sogut, K.; Cerci, D. Sunar; Tali, B.; Topakli, H.; Vergili, L. N.; Vergili, M.] Cukurova Univ, Adana, Turkey. [Akin, I. V.; Aliev, T.; Bilin, B.; Bilmis, S.; Deniz, M.; Gamsizkan, H.; Guler, A. M.; Ocalan, K.; Ozpineci, A.; Serin, M.; Sever, R.; Surat, U. E.; Yalvac, M.; Yildirim, E.; Zeyrek, M.] Middle E Tech Univ, Dept Phys, TR-06531 Ankara, Turkey. [Gulmez, E.; Isildak, B.; Kaya, M.; Kaya, O.; Ozkorucuklu, S.; Sonmez, N.] Bogazici Univ, Istanbul, Turkey. [Cankocak, K.] Istanbul Tech Univ, TR-80626 Istanbul, Turkey. [Levchuk, L.] Kharkov Phys & Technol Inst, Natl Sci Ctr, UA-310108 Kharkov, Ukraine. [Bostock, F.; Brooke, J. J.; Clement, E.; Cussans, D.; Flacher, H.; Frazier, R.; Goldstein, J.; Grimes, M.; Heath, G. P.; Heath, H. F.; Kreczko, L.; Metson, S.; Newbold, D. M.; Nirunpong, K.; Poll, A.; Senkin, S.; Smith, V. J.; Williams, T.] Univ Bristol, Bristol, Avon, England. [Worm, S. D.; Newbold, D. M.; Basso, L.; Bell, K. W.; Belyaev, A.; Brew, C.; Brown, R. M.; Cockerill, D. J. A.; Coughlan, J. A.; Harder, K.; Harper, S.; Jackson, J.; Kennedy, B. W.; Olaiya, E.; Petyt, D.; Radburn-Smith, B. C.; Shepherd-Themistocleous, C. H.; Tomalin, I. R.; Womersley, W. J.] Rutherford Appleton Lab, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. [Bainbridge, R.; Ball, G.; Beuselinck, R.; Buchmuller, O.; Colling, D.; Cripps, N.; Cutajar, M.; Dauncey, P.; Davies, G.; Della Negra, M.; Ferguson, W.; Fulcher, J.; Futyan, D.; Gilbert, A.; Bryer, A. Guneratne; Hall, G.; Hatherell, Z.; Hays, J.; Iles, G.; Jarvis, M.; Karapostoli, G.; Lyons, L.; Magnan, A. -M.; Marrouche, J.; Mathias, B.; Nandi, R.; Nash, J.; Nikitenko, A.; Papageorgiou, A.; Pela, J.; Pesaresi, M.; Petridis, K.; Pioppi, M.; Raymond, D. M.; Rogerson, S.; Rose, A.; Ryan, M. J.; Seez, C.; Sharp, P.; Sparrow, A.; Stoye, M.; Tapper, A.; Acosta, M. Vazquez; Virdee, T.; Wakefield, S.; Wardle, N.; Whyntie, T.] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, London, England. [Chadwick, M.; Cole, J. E.; Hobson, P. R.; Khan, A.; Kyberd, P.; Leggat, D.; Leslie, D.; Martin, W.; Reid, I. D.; Symonds, P.; Teodorescu, L.; Turner, M.] Brunel Univ, Uxbridge UB8 3PH, Middx, England. [Hatakeyama, K.; Liu, H.; Scarborough, T.] Baylor Univ, Waco, TX 76798 USA. [Charaf, O.; Henderson, C.; Rumerio, P.] Univ Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL USA. [Avetisyan, A.; Bose, T.; Fantasia, C.; Heister, A.; St John, J.; Lawson, P.; Lazic, D.; Rohlf, J.; Sperka, D.; Sulak, L.] Boston Univ, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Bhattacharya, S.; Alimena, J.; Cutts, D.; Ferapontov, A.; Heintz, U.; Jabeen, S.; Kukartsev, G.; Laird, E.; Landsberg, G.; Luk, M.; Narain, M.; Nguyen, D.; Segala, M.; Sinthuprasith, T.; Speer, T.; Tsang, K. V.] Brown Univ, Providence, RI 02912 USA. [Breedon, R.; Breto, G.; Sanchez, M. Calderon De la Barca; Chauhan, S.; Chertok, M.; Conway, J.; Conway, R.; Cox, P. T.; Dolen, J.; Erbacher, R.; Gardner, M.; Houtz, R.; Ko, W.; Kopecky, A.; Lander, R.; Miceli, T.; Pellett, D.; Rutherford, B.; Searle, M.; Smith, J.; Squires, M.; Tripathi, M.; Sierra, R. Vasquez] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Weber, M.; Andreev, V.; Felcini, M.; Cline, D.; Cousins, R.; Duris, J.; Erhan, S.; Everaerts, P.; Farrell, C.; Hauser, J.; Ignatenko, M.; Jarvis, C.; Plager, C.; Rakness, G.; Schlein, P.; Tucker, J.; Valuev, V.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Liu, H.; Babb, J.; Clare, R.; Dinardo, M. E.; Ellison, J.; Gary, J. W.; Giordano, F.; Hanson, G.; Jeng, G. Y.; Long, O. R.; Luthra, A.; Nguyen, H.; Paramesvaran, S.; Sturdy, J.; Sumowidagdo, S.; Wilken, R.; Wimpenny, S.] Univ Calif Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Sharma, V.; Andrews, W.; Branson, J. G.; Cerati, G. B.; Cittolin, S.; Evans, D.; Golf, F.; Holzner, A.; Kelley, R.; Lebourgeois, M.; Letts, J.; Macneill, I.; Mangano, B.; Padhi, S.; Palmer, C.; Petrucciani, G.; Pieri, M.; Sani, M.; Simon, S.; Sudano, E.; Tadel, M.; Tu, Y.; Vartak, A.; Wasserbaech, S.; Wuerthwein, F.; Yagil, A.; Yoo, J.] Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Barge, D.; Bellan, R.; Campagnari, C.; D'Alfonso, M.; Danielson, T.; Flowers, K.; Geffert, P.; Incandela, J.; Justus, C.; Kalavase, P.; Koay, S. A.; Kovalskyi, D.; Krutelyov, V.; Lowette, S.; Mccoll, N.; Pavlunin, V.; Rebassoo, F.; Ribnik, J.; Richman, J.; Rossin, R.; Stuart, D.; To, W.; West, C.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. [Dias, F. A.; Dubinin, M.; Apresyan, A.; Bornheim, A.; Chen, Y.; Di Marco, E.; Duarte, J.; Gataullin, M.; Ma, Y.; Mott, A.; Newman, H. B.; Rogan, C.; Spiropulu, M.; Timciuc, V.; Traczyk, P.; Veverka, J.; Wilkinson, R.; Yang, Y.; Zhu, R. Y.] CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Akgun, B.; Carroll, R.; Ferguson, T.; Iiyama, Y.; Jang, D. W.; Liu, Y. F.; Paulini, M.; Vogel, H.; Vorobiev, I.] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. [Cumalat, J. P.; Drell, B. R.; Edelmaier, C. J.; Ford, W. T.; Gaz, A.; Heyburn, B.; Lopez, E. Luiggi; Smith, J. G.; Stenson, K.; Ulmer, K. A.; Wagner, S. R.] Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Alexander, J.; Chatterjee, A.; Eggert, N.; Gibbons, L. K.; Heltsley, B.; Khukhunaishvili, A.; Kreis, B.; Mirman, N.; Kaufman, G. Nicolas; Patterson, J. R.; Ryd, A.; Salvati, E.; Sun, W.; Teo, W. D.; Thom, J.; Thompson, J.; Vaughan, J.; Weng, Y.; Winstrom, L.; Wittich, P.] Cornell Univ, Ithaca, NY USA. [Winn, D.] Fairfield Univ, Fairfield, CT 06430 USA. [Abdullin, S.; Albrow, M.; Anderson, J.; Bauerdick, L. A. T.; Beretvas, A.; Berryhill, J.; Bhat, P. C.; Bloch, I.; Burkett, K.; Butler, J. N.; Chetluru, V.; Cheung, H. W. K.; Chlebana, F.; Elvira, V. D.; Fisk, I.; Freeman, J.; Gao, Y.; Green, D.; Gutsche, O.; Hanlon, J.; Harris, R. M.; Hirschauer, J.; Hooberman, B.; Jindariani, S.; Johnson, M.; Joshi, U.; Kilminster, B.; Klima, B.; Kunori, S.; Kwan, S.; Leonidopoulos, C.; Lincoln, D.; Lipton, R.; Lykken, J.; Maeshima, K.; Marraffino, J. M.; Maruyama, S.; Mason, D.; McBride, P.; Mishra, K.; Mrenna, S.; Musienko, Y.; Newman-Holmes, C.; O'Dell, V.; Prokofyev, O.; Sexton-Kennedy, E.; Sharma, S.; Spalding, W. J.; Spiegel, L.; Tan, P.; Taylor, L.; Tkaczyk, S.; Tran, N. V.; Uplegger, L.; Vaandering, E. W.; Vidal, R.; Whitmore, J.; Wu, W.; Yang, F.; Yumiceva, F.; Yun, J. C.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. [Piedra Gomez, J.; Acosta, D.; Avery, P.; Bourilkov, D.; Chen, M.; Das, S.; De Gruttola, M.; Di Giovanni, G. P.; Dobur, D.; Drozdetskiy, A.; Field, R. D.; Fisher, M.; Fu, Y.; Furic, I. K.; Gartner, J.; Hugon, J.; Kim, B.; Konigsberg, J.; Korytov, A.; Kropivnitskaya, A.; Kypreos, T.; Low, J. F.; Matchev, K.; Milenovic, P.; Mitselmakher, G.; Muniz, L.; Remington, R.; Rinkevicius, A.; Sellers, P.; Skhirtladze, N.; Snowball, M.; Yelton, J.; Zakaria, M.] Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL USA. [Gaultney, V.; Lebolo, L. M.; Linn, S.; Markowitz, P.; Martinez, G.; Rodriguez, J. L.] Florida Int Univ, Miami, FL 33199 USA. [Adams, J. R.; Adams, T.; Askew, A.; Bochenek, J.; Chen, J.; Diamond, B.; Gleyzer, S. V.; Haas, J.; Hagopian, S.; Hagopian, V.; Jenkins, M.; Johnson, K. F.; Prosper, H.; Veeraraghavan, V.; Weinberg, M.] Florida State Univ, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. [Baarmand, M. M.; Dorney, B.; Hohlmann, M.; Kalakhety, H.; Vodopiyanov, I.] Florida Inst Technol, Melbourne, FL 32901 USA. [Adams, M. R.; Anghel, I. M.; Apanasevich, L.; Bai, Y.; Bazterra, V. E.; Betts, R. R.; Bucinskaite, I.; Callner, J.; Cavanaugh, R.; Dragoiu, C.; Evdokimov, O.; Gauthier, L.; Gerber, C. E.; Hofman, D. J.; Khalatyan, S.; Lacroix, F.; Malek, M.; O'Brien, C.; Silkworth, C.; Strom, D.; Varelas, N.] Univ Illinois, Chicago, IL USA. [Ozturk, S.; Akgun, U.; Albayrak, E. A.; Bilki, B.; Clarida, W.; Duru, F.; Griffiths, S.; Merlo, J. -P.; Mermerkaya, H.; Mestvirishvili, A.; Moeller, A.; Nachtman, J.; Newsom, C. R.; Norbeck, E.; Onel, Y.; Ozok, F.; Sen, S.; Tiras, E.; Wetzel, J.; Yetkin, T.; Yi, K.] Univ Iowa, Iowa City, IA USA. [Barnett, B. A.; Blumenfeld, B.; Bolognesi, S.; Fehling, D.; Giurgiu, G.; Gritsan, A. V.; Guo, Z. J.; Hu, G.; Maksimovic, P.; Rappoccio, S.; Swartz, M.; Whitbeck, A.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD USA. [Sibille, J.; Baringer, P.; Bean, A.; Benelli, G.; Grachov, O.; Iii, R. P. Kenny; Murray, M.; Noonan, D.; Sanders, S.; Stringer, R.; Tinti, G.; Wood, J. S.; Zhukova, V.] Univ Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. [Barfuss, A. F.; Bolton, T.; Chakaberia, I.; Ivanov, A.; Khalil, S.; Makouski, M.; Maravin, Y.; Shrestha, S.; Svintradze, I.] Kansas State Univ, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Gronberg, J.; Lange, D.; Wright, D.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. [Baden, A.; Boutemeur, M.; Calvert, B.; Eno, S. C.; Gomez, J. A.; Hadley, N. J.; Kellogg, R. G.; Kirn, M.; Kolberg, T.; Lu, Y.; Marionneau, M.; Mignerey, A. C.; Pedro, K.; Peterman, A.; Skuja, A.; Temple, J.; Tonjes, M. B.; Tonwar, S. C.; Twedt, E.] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Li, W.; Apyan, A.; Bauer, G.; Bendavid, J.; Busza, W.; Butz, E.; Cali, I. A.; Chan, M.; Dutta, V.; Ceballos, G. Gomez; Goncharov, M.; Hahn, K. A.; Kim, Y.; Klute, M.; Krajczar, K.; Luckey, P. D.; Ma, T.; Nahn, S.; Paus, C.; Ralph, D.; Roland, C.; Roland, G.; Rudolph, M.; Stephans, G. S. F.; Stoeckli, F.; Sumorok, K.; Sung, K.; Velicanu, D.; Wenger, E. A.; Wolf, R.; Wyslouch, B.; Xie, S.; Yang, M.; Yilmaz, Y.; Yoon, A. S.; Zanetti, M.] MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Cooper, S. I.; Dahmes, B.; De Benedetti, A.; Franzoni, G.; Gude, A.; Kao, S. C.; Klapoetke, K.; Kubota, Y.; Mans, J.; Pastika, N.; Rusack, R.; Sasseville, M.; Singovsky, A.; Tambe, N.; Turkewitz, J.] Univ Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN USA. [Cremaldi, L. M.; Kroeger, R.; Perera, L.; Rahmat, R.; Sanders, D. A.] Univ Mississippi, University, MS 38677 USA. [Avdeeva, E.; Bloom, K.; Bose, S.; Butt, J.; Claes, D. R.; Dominguez, A.; Eads, M.; Keller, J.; Kravchenko, I.; Lazo-Flores, J.; Malbouisson, H.; Malik, S.; Snow, G. R.] Univ Nebraska, Lincoln, NE USA. [Baur, U.; Godshalk, A.; Iashvili, I.; Jain, S.; Kharchilava, A.; Kumar, A.; Shipkowski, S. P.; Smith, K.] SUNY Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. [Alverson, G.; Barberis, E.; Baumgartel, D.; Chasco, M.; Haley, J.; Nash, D.; Trocino, D.; Wood, D.; Zhang, J.] Northeastern Univ, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Anastassov, A.; Kubik, A.; Mucia, N.; Odell, N.; Ofierzynski, R. A.; Pollack, B.; Pozdnyakov, A.; Schmitt, M.; Stoynev, S.; Velasco, M.; Won, S.] Northwestern Univ, Evanston, IL USA. [Antonelli, L.; Berry, D.; Brinkerhoff, A.; Hildreth, M.; Jessop, C.; Karmgard, D. J.; Kolb, J.; Lannon, K.; Luo, W.; Lynch, S.; Marinelli, N.; Morse, D. M.; Pearson, T.; Ruchti, R.; Slaunwhite, J.; Valls, N.; Wayne, M.; Wolf, M.] Univ Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. [Bylsma, B.; Durkin, L. S.; Hart, A.; Hill, C.; Hughes, R.; Kotov, K.; Ling, T. Y.; Puigh, D.; Rodenburg, M.; Vuosalo, C.; Williams, G.; Winer, B. L.] Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Adam, N.; Berry, E.; Elmer, P.; Gerbaudo, D.; Halyo, V.; Hebda, P.; Hegeman, J.; Hunt, A.; Jindal, P.; Pegna, D. Lopes; Lujan, P.; Marlow, D.; Medvedeva, T.; Mooney, M.; Olsen, J.; Piroue, P.; Quan, X.; Raval, A.; Safdi, B.; Saka, H.; Stickland, D.; Tully, C.; Werner, J. S.; Zuranski, A.] Princeton Univ, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Acosta, J. G.; Brownson, E.; Huang, X. T.; Lopez, A.; Mendez, H.; Oliveros, S.; Vargas, J. E. Ramirez; Zatserklyaniy, A.] Univ Puerto Rico, Mayaguez, PR USA. [Alagoz, E.; Barnes, V. E.; Benedetti, D.; Bolla, G.; Bortoletto, D.; De Mattia, M.; Everett, A.; Hu, Z.; Jones, M.; Koybasi, O.; Kress, M.; Laasanen, A. T.; Leonardo, N.; Maroussov, V.; Merkel, P.; Miller, D. H.; Neumeister, N.; Shipsey, I.; Silvers, D.; Svyatkovskiy, A.; Marono, M. Vidal; Yoo, H. D.; Zablocki, J.; Zheng, Y.] Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Guragain, S.; Parashar, N.] Purdue Univ Calumet, Hammond, LA USA. [Adair, A.; Boulahouache, C.; Ecklund, K. M.; Geurts, F. J. M.; Padley, B. P.; Redjimi, R.; Roberts, J.; Zabel, J.] Rice Univ, Houston, TX USA. [Betchart, B.; Bodek, A.; Chung, Y. S.; Covarelli, R.; de Barbaro, P.; Demina, R.; Eshaq, Y.; Garcia-Bellido, A.; Goldenzweig, P.; Han, J.; Harel, A.; Miner, D. C.; Vishnevskiy, D.; Zielinski, M.] Univ Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. [Malik, S.; Bhatti, A.; Ciesielski, R.; Demortier, L.; Goulianos, K.; Lungu, G.; Mesropian, C.] Rockefeller Univ, New York, NY 10021 USA. [Arora, S.; Barker, A.; Chou, J. P.; Contreras-Campana, C.; Contreras-Campana, E.; Duggan, D.; Ferencek, D.; Gershtein, Y.; Gray, R.; Halkiadakis, E.; Hidas, D.; Lath, A.; Panwalkar, S.; Park, M.; Patel, R.; Rekovic, V.; Robles, J.; Rose, K.; Salur, S.; Schnetzer, S.; Seitz, C.; Somalwar, S.; Stone, R.; Thomas, S.] Rutgers State Univ, Piscataway, NJ USA. [Cerizza, G.; Hollingsworth, M.; Spanier, S.; Yang, Z. C.; York, A.] Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN USA. [Eusebi, R.; Flanagan, W.; Gilmore, J.; Kamon, T.; Khotilovich, V.; Montalvo, R.; Osipenkov, I.; Pakhotin, Y.; Perloff, A.; Roe, J.; Safonov, A.; Sakuma, T.; Sengupta, S.; Suarez, I.; Tatarinov, A.; Toback, D.] Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX USA. [Akchurin, N.; Damgov, J.; Dudero, P. R.; Jeong, C.; Kovitanggoon, K.; Lee, S. W.; Libeiro, T.; Roh, Y.; Volobouev, I.] Texas Tech Univ, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. [Appelt, E.; Florez, C.; Greene, S.; Gurrola, A.; Johns, W.; Johnston, C.; Kurt, P.; Maguire, C.; Melo, A.; Sheldon, P.; Snook, B.; Tuo, S.; Velkovska, J.] Vanderbilt Univ, Nashville, TN USA. [Arenton, M. W.; Balazs, M.; Boutle, S.; Cox, B.; Francis, B.; Goodell, J.; Hirosky, R.; Ledovskoy, A.; Lin, C.; Neu, C.; Wood, J.; Yohay, R.] Univ Virginia, Charlottesville, VA USA. [Gollapinni, S.; Harr, R.; Karchin, P. E.; Don, C. Kottachchi Kankanamge; Lamichhane, P.; Sakharov, A.] Wayne State Univ, Detroit, MI USA. [Anderson, M.; Bachtis, M.; Belknap, D.; Borrello, L.; Carlsmith, D.; Cepeda, M.; Dasu, S.; Gray, L.; Grogg, K. S.; Grothe, M.; Hall-Wilton, R.; Herndon, M.; Herve, A.; Klabbers, P.; Klukas, J.; Lanaro, A.; Lazaridis, C.; Leonard, J.; Loveless, R.; Mohapatra, A.; Ojalvo, I.; Palmonari, F.; Pierro, G. A.; Ross, I.; Savin, A.; Smith, W. H.; Swanson, J.] Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Fabjan, C.; Fruehwirth, R.; Jeitler, M.; Krammer, M.; Wulz, C. -E.] Vienna Univ Technol, A-1040 Vienna, Austria. [Bernardes, C. A.; Gregores, E. M.; Mercadante, P. C.] Univ Fed ABC, Santo Andre, Brazil. [Assran, Y.] Suez Canal Univ, Suez, Egypt. [Elgammal, S.; Khalil, S.] Zewail City Sci & Technol, Zewail, Egypt. [Kamel, A. Ellithi] Cairo Univ, Cairo, Egypt. [Mahmoud, M. A.] Fayoum Univ, Al Fayyum, Egypt. [Radi, A.] British Univ, Cairo, Egypt. [Agram, J. -L.; Conte, E.; Drouhin, F.; Fontaine, J. -C.] Univ Haute Alsace, Mulhouse, France. [Bergholz, M.; Lohmann, W.; Schmidt, R.] Brandenburg Tech Univ Cottbus, D-03044 Cottbus, Germany. [Vesztergombi, G.; Veres, G. I.] Eotvos Lorand Univ, Budapest, Hungary. [Maity, M.] Visva Bharati Univ, Santini Ketan, W Bengal, India. [Bakhshiansohi, H.; Fahim, A.; Jafari, A.] Sharif Univ Technol, Tehran, Iran. [Etesami, S. M.; Zeinali, M.] Isfahan Univ Technol, Esfahan, Iran. [Safarzadeh, B.] Islamic Azad Univ, Sci & Res Branch, Plasma Phys Res Ctr, Tehran, Iran. [Colafranceschi, S.] Univ Rome, Fac Ingn, Rome, Italy. [Cavallo, N.; Fabozzi, F.] Univ Basilicata, I-85100 Potenza, Italy. [Meola, S.] Univ Guglielmo Marconi, Rome, Italy. [Martini, L.] Univ Siena, I-53100 Siena, Italy. [Serban, A. T.] Univ Bucharest, Fac Phys, Bucharest, Romania. [Adzic, P.; Krpic, D.] Univ Belgrade, Fac Phys, Belgrade 11001, Serbia. [Rolandi, G.] Scuola Normale & Sez INFN, Pisa, Italy. [Bakirci, M. N.; Topakli, H.] Gaziosmanpasa Univ, Tokat, Turkey. [Cerci, S.; Cerci, D. Sunar; Tali, B.] Adiyaman Univ, Adiyaman, Turkey. [Karapinar, G.] Izmir Inst Technol, Izmir, Turkey. [Sogut, K.] Mersin Univ, Mersin, Turkey. [Isildak, B.] Ozyegin Univ, Istanbul, Turkey. [Kaya, M.; Kaya, O.] Kafkas Univ, Kars, Turkey. [Ozkorucuklu, S.] Suleyman Demirel Univ, TR-32200 Isparta, Turkey. [Sonmez, N.] Ege Univ, Izmir, Turkey. [Basso, L.; Belyaev, A.] Univ Southampton, Sch Phys & Astron, Southampton, Hants, England. [Jeng, G. Y.] Univ Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. [Wasserbaech, S.] Utah Valley Univ, Orem, UT USA. [Bilki, B.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Mermerkaya, H.] Erzincan Univ, Erzincan, Turkey. RP Chatrchyan, S (reprint author), Yerevan Phys Inst, Yerevan 375036, Armenia. 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Ragazzi, Stefano/D-2463-2009; Benussi, Luigi/O-9684-2014; Grandi, Claudio/B-5654-2015; Leonidov, Andrey/P-3197-2014; Bernardes, Cesar Augusto/D-2408-2015; Lazzizzera, Ignazio/E-9678-2015; Sen, Sercan/C-6473-2014; D'Alessandro, Raffaello/F-5897-2015; Belyaev, Alexander/F-6637-2015; Stahl, Achim/E-8846-2011; Trocsanyi, Zoltan/A-5598-2009; Codispoti, Giuseppe/F-6574-2014; Max, Mad/E-5238-2010; Gribushin, Andrei/J-4225-2012; Cerrada, Marcos/J-6934-2014; Azzi, Patrizia/H-5404-2012; Calderon, Alicia/K-3658-2014; de la Cruz, Begona/K-7552-2014; Scodellaro, Luca/K-9091-2014; Josa, Isabel/K-5184-2014; Calvo Alamillo, Enrique/L-1203-2014; Paulini, Manfred/N-7794-2014; Vogel, Helmut/N-8882-2014; Hill, Christopher/B-5371-2012; Liu, Sheng/K-2815-2013; Venturi, Andrea/J-1877-2012; Wimpenny, Stephen/K-8848-2013; Markina, Anastasia/E-3390-2012; Dogangun, Oktay/L-9252-2013; Marlow, Daniel/C-9132-2014; de Jesus Damiao, Dilson/G-6218-2012; Oguri, Vitor/B-5403-2013; Janssen, Xavier/E-1915-2013; Bartalini, Paolo/E-2512-2014; 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Gonzi, Sandro/0000-0003-4754-645X; Levchenko, Petr/0000-0003-4913-0538; Heath, Helen/0000-0001-6576-9740; Bargassa, Pedrame/0000-0001-8612-3332; Attia Mahmoud, Mohammed/0000-0001-8692-5458; Bilki, Burak/0000-0001-9515-3306; Safdi, Benjamin R./0000-0001-9531-1319; Lloret Iglesias, Lara/0000-0002-0157-4765; Sguazzoni, Giacomo/0000-0002-0791-3350; Ligabue, Franco/0000-0002-1549-7107; Diemoz, Marcella/0000-0002-3810-8530; Tricomi, Alessia Rita/0000-0002-5071-5501; Fassi, Farida/0000-0002-6423-7213; Heredia De La Cruz, Ivan/0000-0002-8133-6467; Ghezzi, Alessio/0000-0002-8184-7953; Yazgan, Efe/0000-0001-5732-7950; Gerbaudo, Davide/0000-0002-4463-0878; Hernandez Calama, Jose Maria/0000-0001-6436-7547; Bean, Alice/0000-0001-5967-8674; Longo, Egidio/0000-0001-6238-6787; Di Matteo, Leonardo/0000-0001-6698-1735; Baarmand, Marc/0000-0002-9792-8619; Boccali, Tommaso/0000-0002-9930-9299; Menasce, Dario Livio/0000-0002-9918-1686; Paganoni, Marco/0000-0003-2461-275X; Gulmez, Erhan/0000-0002-6353-518X; Seixas, Joao/0000-0002-7531-0842; Vilela Pereira, Antonio/0000-0003-3177-4626; Sznajder, Andre/0000-0001-6998-1108; Haj Ahmad, Wael/0000-0003-1491-0446; Xie, Si/0000-0003-2509-5731; Leonardo, Nuno/0000-0002-9746-4594; Goh, Junghwan/0000-0002-1129-2083; Govoni, Pietro/0000-0002-0227-1301; Tuominen, Eija/0000-0002-7073-7767; Konecki, Marcin/0000-0001-9482-4841; Bedoya, Cristina/0000-0001-8057-9152; My, Salvatore/0000-0002-9938-2680; Matorras, Francisco/0000-0003-4295-5668; TUVE', Cristina/0000-0003-0739-3153; KIM, Tae Jeong/0000-0001-8336-2434; Arce, Pedro/0000-0003-3009-0484; Flix, Josep/0000-0003-2688-8047; Marinho, Franciole/0000-0002-7327-0349; Ferguson, Thomas/0000-0001-5822-3731; Ragazzi, Stefano/0000-0001-8219-2074; Benussi, Luigi/0000-0002-2363-8889; Grandi, Claudio/0000-0001-5998-3070; Lazzizzera, Ignazio/0000-0001-5092-7531; Sen, Sercan/0000-0001-7325-1087; D'Alessandro, Raffaello/0000-0001-7997-0306; Belyaev, Alexander/0000-0002-1733-4408; Stahl, Achim/0000-0002-8369-7506; Trocsanyi, Zoltan/0000-0002-2129-1279; Codispoti, Giuseppe/0000-0003-0217-7021; Max, Mad/0000-0001-6966-6829; Cerrada, Marcos/0000-0003-0112-1691; Azzi, Patrizia/0000-0002-3129-828X; Scodellaro, Luca/0000-0002-4974-8330; Calvo Alamillo, Enrique/0000-0002-1100-2963; Paulini, Manfred/0000-0002-6714-5787; Vogel, Helmut/0000-0002-6109-3023; Hill, Christopher/0000-0003-0059-0779; Wimpenny, Stephen/0000-0003-0505-4908; Dogangun, Oktay/0000-0002-1255-2211; de Jesus Damiao, Dilson/0000-0002-3769-1680; Tinoco Mendes, Andre David/0000-0001-5854-7699; Wulz, Claudia-Elisabeth/0000-0001-9226-5812; De La Cruz Burelo, Eduard/0000-0002-7469-6974; Rolandi, Luigi (Gigi)/0000-0002-0635-274X; Montanari, Alessandro/0000-0003-2748-6373; Tomei, Thiago/0000-0002-1809-5226; Ivanov, Andrew/0000-0002-9270-5643; Novaes, Sergio/0000-0003-0471-8549; Karancsi, Janos/0000-0003-0802-7665; Dudko, Lev/0000-0002-4462-3192; Della Ricca, Giuseppe/0000-0003-2831-6982; Mundim, Luiz/0000-0001-9964-7805; FU FMSR (Austria); FNRS (Belgium); FWO (Belgium); CNPq, (Brazil); CAPES, (Brazil); FAPERJ, (Brazil); FAPESP (Brazil); MES (Bulgaria); CERN; CAS, (China); MoST, (China); NSFC (China); COLCIENCIAS (Colombia); MSES (Croatia); RPF (Cyprus); MoER, (Estonia) [SF0690030s09]; ERDF (Estonia); Academy of Finland, (Finland); MEC, (Finland); HIP (Finland); CEA (France); CNRS/IN2P3 (France); BMBF, (Germany); DFG, (Germany); HGF (Germany); GSRT (Greece); OTKA (Hungary); NKTH (Hungary); DAE (India); DST (India); IPM (Iran); SFI (Ireland); INFN (Italy; NRF (Korea); WCU (Korea); LAS (Lithuania); CINVESTAV, (Mexico); CONACYT, (Mexico); SEP, (Mexico); UASLP-FAI (Mexico); MSI (New Zealand); PAEC (Pakistan); MSHE (Poland); NSC (Poland); FCT (Portugal); JINR (Armenia); JINR (Belarus); JINR (Georgia); JINR (Ukraine); JINR (Uzbekistan); MON, (Russia); RosAtom, (Russia); RAS (Russia); RFBR (Russia); MSTD (Serbia); SEIDI (Spain); CPAN (Spain); Swiss Funding Agencies (Switzerland); NSC (Taipei); TUBITAK (Turkey); TAEK (Turkey); STFC (United Kingdom); DOE (USA); NSF (USA); Marie-Curie programme; European Research Council (European Union); Leventis Foundation; A. P. Sloan Foundation; Alexander von Humboldt Foundation; Belgian Federal Science Policy Office; Fonds pour la Formation a la Recherche dans l'Industrie et dans l'Agriculture (FRIA-Belgium); Agentschap voor Innovatie door Wetenschap en Technologie (IWT-Belgium); Council of Science and Industrial Research, India; Iran National Science Foundation (INSF); Compagnia di San Paolo (Torino); HOMING PLUS programme of Foundation for Polish Science; European Union; Regional Development Fund FX We congratulate our colleagues in the CERN accelerator departments for the excellent performance of the LHC machine. We thank the technical and administrative staff at CERN and other CMS institutes, and acknowledge support from: FMSR (Austria); FNRS and FWO (Belgium); CNPq, CAPES, FAPERJ, and FAPESP (Brazil); MES (Bulgaria); CERN; CAS, MoST, and NSFC (China); COLCIENCIAS (Colombia); MSES (Croatia); RPF (Cyprus); MoER, SF0690030s09 and ERDF (Estonia); Academy of Finland, MEC, and HIP (Finland); CEA and CNRS/IN2P3 (France); BMBF, DFG, and HGF (Germany); GSRT (Greece); OTKA and NKTH (Hungary); DAE and DST (India); IPM (Iran); SFI (Ireland); INFN (Italy); NRF and WCU (Korea); LAS (Lithuania); CINVESTAV, CONACYT, SEP, and UASLP-FAI (Mexico); MSI (New Zealand); PAEC (Pakistan); MSHE and NSC (Poland); FCT (Portugal); JINR (Armenia, Belarus, Georgia, Ukraine, Uzbekistan); MON, RosAtom, RAS and RFBR (Russia); MSTD (Serbia); SEIDI and CPAN (Spain); Swiss Funding Agencies (Switzerland); NSC (Taipei); TUBITAK and TAEK (Turkey); STFC (United Kingdom); DOE and NSF (USA).; Individuals have received support from the Marie-Curie programme and the European Research Council (European Union); the Leventis Foundation; the A. P. Sloan Foundation; the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation; the Belgian Federal Science Policy Office; the Fonds pour la Formation a la Recherche dans l'Industrie et dans l'Agriculture (FRIA-Belgium); the Agentschap voor Innovatie door Wetenschap en Technologie (IWT-Belgium); the Council of Science and Industrial Research, India; the Iran National Science Foundation (INSF); the Compagnia di San Paolo (Torino); and the HOMING PLUS programme of Foundation for Polish Science, cofinanced from the European Union, Regional Development Fund. NR 49 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 55 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1029-8479 J9 J HIGH ENERGY PHYS JI J. High Energy Phys. PD OCT PY 2012 IS 10 AR 018 DI 10.1007/JHEP10(2012)018 PG 40 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 034EB UT WOS:000310851800049 ER PT J AU Cirigliano, V Graesser, ML Ovanesyan, G AF Cirigliano, Vincenzo Graesser, Michael L. Ovanesyan, Grigory TI WIMP-nucleus scattering in chiral effective theory SO JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Beyond Standard Model; Chiral Lagrangians ID EFFECTIVE-FIELD THEORY; PERTURBATION-THEORY; DARK-MATTER; LAGRANGIANS; FORCES; ENERGY AB We discuss long-distance QCD corrections to the WIMP-nucleon(s) interactions in the framework of chiral effective theory. For scalar-mediated WIMP-quark interactions, we calculate all the next-to-leading-order corrections to the WIMP-nucleus elastic cross-section, including two-nucleon amplitudes and recoil-energy dependent shifts to the single-nucleon scalar form factors. As a consequence, the scalar-mediated WIMP-nucleus cross-section cannot be parameterized in terms of just two quantities, namely the neutron and proton scalar form factors at zero momentum transfer, but additional parameters appear, depending on the short-distance WIMP-quark interaction. Moreover, multiplicative factorization of the cross-section into particle, nuclear and astro-particle parts is violated. In practice, while the new effects are of the natural size expected by chiral power counting, they become very important in those regions of parameter space where the leading order WIMP-nucleus amplitude is suppressed, including the so-called "Isospin-violating dark matter" regime. In these regions of parameter space we find order-of-magnitude corrections to the total scattering rates and qualitative changes to the shape of recoil spectra. C1 [Cirigliano, Vincenzo; Graesser, Michael L.; Ovanesyan, Grigory] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Cirigliano, V (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, MS B283, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM cirigliano@lanl.gov; mgraesser@lanl.gov; ovanesyan@lanl.gov OI Cirigliano, Vincenzo/0000-0002-9056-754X FU DOE Office of Science; LDRD program at Los Alamos FX We have benefited from many helpful discussions with Joe Carlson, Joe Ginocchio, and Anna Hayes. We also thank John Donoghue and Rocco Schiavilla for discussions and Alberto Aparici for collaboration at an early stage of this work. This work is supported by the DOE Office of Science and the LDRD program at Los Alamos. NR 56 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1029-8479 J9 J HIGH ENERGY PHYS JI J. High Energy Phys. PD OCT PY 2012 IS 10 AR 025 DI 10.1007/JHEP10(2012)025 PG 22 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 034EB UT WOS:000310851800042 ER PT J AU Beal, MA Glenn, TC Lance, SL Somers, CM AF Beal, Marc A. Glenn, Travis C. Lance, Stacey L. Somers, Christopher M. TI Characterization of unstable microsatellites in mice: No evidence for germline mutation induction following gamma-radiation exposure SO ENVIRONMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MUTAGENESIS LA English DT Article DE germline mutation; microsatellite; mouse; ionizing radiation ID MOUSE MINISATELLITE LOCUS; DNA LOCI; JAPANESE MEDAKA; BOMB SURVIVORS; DOSE-RESPONSE; RATES; CHERNOBYL; CHILDREN; INSTABILITY; CESIUM-137 AB Large tandem repeat DNA loci such as expanded simple tandem repeats and minisatellites are efficient markers for detecting germline mutations; however, mutation detection using these loci can be imprecise and difficult to standardize across labs. Short-tandem repeats, such as microsatellites, offer more precise and high-throughput mutation detection, but germline mutation induction at these loci has not yet been studied in model organisms such as mice. In this study, we used microsatellite enrichment and large-scale DNA sequencing of several closely related inbred mouse lines to identify a panel of 19 polymorphic microsatellites with potentially high spontaneous mutation frequencies. We used this panel and four additional loci from other sources to quantify spontaneous mutation frequency in pedigrees of outbred Swiss-Webster mice. In addition, we also examined mutation induction in families in which sires were treated with acute doses of either 0.5 Gy or 1.0 Gy gamma-irradiation to spermatogonial stem cells. Per locus mutation frequencies ranged from 0 to 5.03 x 10-3. Considering only the 11 loci with mutations, the mutation frequencies were: control 2.78 x 10-3, 0.5 Gy 4.09 x 10-3, and 1.0 Gy 1.82 x 10-3. There were no statistically significant changes in mutation frequencies among treatment groups. Our study provides the first direct quantification of microsatellite mutation frequency in the mouse germline, but shows no evidence for mutation induction at pre-meiotic male germ cells following acute gamma-irradiation. Further work using the panel is needed to examine mutation induction at different doses of radiation, exposure durations, and stages during spermatogenesis. Environ. Mol. Mutagen., 2012. (c) 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 [Beal, Marc A.; Somers, Christopher M.] Univ Regina, Dept Biol, Regina, SK S4S 0A2, Canada. [Glenn, Travis C.] Univ Georgia, Coll Publ Hlth, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Lance, Stacey L.] Univ Georgia, Savannah River Ecol Lab, Aiken, SC USA. RP Somers, CM (reprint author), Univ Regina, Dept Biol, 3737 Wascana Pkwy, Regina, SK S4S 0A2, Canada. EM chris.somers@uregina.ca RI Lance, Stacey/K-9203-2013 OI Lance, Stacey/0000-0003-2686-1733 FU Canada Research Chairs program; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Foundation for Innovation; University of Regina; Innovation and Science Fund of the Provincial Government of Saskatchewan FX Grant sponsors: Canada Research Chairs program, the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, the Canada Foundation for Innovation, the University of Regina, the Innovation and Science Fund of the Provincial Government of Saskatchewan. NR 55 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 13 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0893-6692 J9 ENVIRON MOL MUTAGEN JI Environ. Mol. Mutagen. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 53 IS 8 BP 599 EP 607 DI 10.1002/em.21726 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA 017SK UT WOS:000309611000003 PM 22930577 ER PT J AU Prakash, O Green, SJ Jasrotia, P Overholt, WA Canion, A Watson, DB Brooks, SC Kostka, JE AF Prakash, Om Green, Stefan J. Jasrotia, Puja Overholt, Will A. Canion, Andy Watson, David B. Brooks, Scott C. Kostka, Joel E. TI Rhodanobacter denitrificans sp nov., isolated from nitrate-rich zones of a contaminated aquifer SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SYSTEMATIC AND EVOLUTIONARY MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID RENATURATION RATES; DNA HYBRIDIZATION; SOIL; GAMMAPROTEOBACTERIUM; GINSENG AB Bacterial strains 2APBS1(T) and 116-2 were isolated from the subsurface of a nuclear legacy waste site where the sediments are co-contaminated with large amounts of acids, nitrate, metal radionuclides and other heavy metals. A combination of physiological and genetic assays indicated that these strains represent the first member of the genus Rhodanobacter shown to be capable of complete denitrification. Cells of strain 2APBS1(T) and 116-2 were Gram-negative, non-spore-forming rods, 3-5 mu m long and 0.25-0.5 mu m in diameter. The isolates were facultative anaerobes, and had temperature and pH optima for growth of 30 degrees C and pH 6.5; they were able to tolerate up to 2.0% NaCl, although growth improved in its absence. Strains 2APBS1(T) and 116-2 contained fatty acid and quinone (ubiquinone-8; 100 %) profiles that are characteristic features of the genus Rhodanobacter. Although strains 2APBS1(T) and 116-2 shared high 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity with Rhodanobacter thiooxydans LCS2(T) (>99 %), levels of DNA-DNA relatedness between these strains were substantially below the 70% threshold used to designate novel species. Thus, based on genotypic, phylogenetic, chemotaxonomic and physiological differences, strains 2APBS1(T) and 116-2 are considered to represent a single novel species of the genus Rhodanobacter, for which the name Rhodanobacter denitrificans sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is 2APBS1(T) (=DSM 23569(T)=JCM 17641(T)). C1 [Prakash, Om; Green, Stefan J.; Jasrotia, Puja; Overholt, Will A.; Canion, Andy; Kostka, Joel E.] Florida State Univ, Earth Ocean & Atmospher Sci Dept, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. [Green, Stefan J.] Univ Illinois, DNA Serv Facil, Chicago, IL USA. [Watson, David B.; Brooks, Scott C.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Oak Ridge, TN USA. RP Kostka, JE (reprint author), Florida State Univ, Earth Ocean & Atmospher Sci Dept, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. EM joel.kostka@biology.gatech.edu RI Canion, Andy/Q-2397-2015; Brooks, Scott/B-9439-2012; Watson, David/C-3256-2016; OI Canion, Andy/0000-0003-1604-7631; Brooks, Scott/0000-0002-8437-9788; Watson, David/0000-0002-4972-4136; Green, Stefan/0000-0003-2781-359X FU US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Biological and Environmental Research, Subsurface Biogeochemistry Research Program; US Department of Energy [DEAC05-00OR22725] FX This work was funded by the US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Biological and Environmental Research, Subsurface Biogeochemistry Research Program. Oak Ridge National Laboratory is managed by UT-Battelle LLC for the US Department of Energy under contract DEAC05-00OR22725. NR 23 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 5 U2 21 PU SOC GENERAL MICROBIOLOGY PI READING PA MARLBOROUGH HOUSE, BASINGSTOKE RD, SPENCERS WOODS, READING RG7 1AG, BERKS, ENGLAND SN 1466-5026 J9 INT J SYST EVOL MICR JI Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 62 BP 2457 EP 2462 DI 10.1099/ijs.0.035840-0 PN 10 PG 6 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 043YY UT WOS:000311587800023 PM 22140175 ER PT J AU Clavero, C Guisinger, NP Srinivasan, SG Lukaszew, RA AF Clavero, Cesar Guisinger, Nathan P. Srinivasan, Srivilliputhur G. Lukaszew, Rosa A. TI Study of Nb epitaxial growth on Cu(111) at sub-monolayer level SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID SCANNING-TUNNELING-MICROSCOPY; GIANT MAGNETORESISTANCE; MISFIT ACCOMMODATION; NIOBIUM FILMS; 111 FCC; SUPERLATTICE; MULTILAYERS; SURFACE; SUPERCONDUCTORS; MONOLAYERS AB The epitaxial growth of Nb on Cu(111) is experimentally and theoretically investigated at submonolayer level since the early stages of growth for this system remain unexplored despite its interest in superconducting thin film applications. The growth conditions were optimized to obtain crystalline nanoisland ordering on the first subatomic layer. Interestingly, we observe that Nb atoms arrange forming a hexagonal lattice on Cu(111) in contrast with the expected tetragonal pseudomorphic growth observed in other systems such as Nb on Pd (111). The correlation between annealing temperature and Cu-Nb intermixing was experimentally and theoretically investigated. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4759119] C1 [Clavero, Cesar; Lukaszew, Rosa A.] Coll William & Mary, Dept Appl Sci, Williamsburg, VA 23187 USA. [Guisinger, Nathan P.] Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Nanoscale Mat, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Srinivasan, Srivilliputhur G.] Univ N Texas, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Denton, TX 76203 USA. [Lukaszew, Rosa A.] Coll William & Mary, Dept Phys, Williamsburg, VA 23187 USA. RP Clavero, C (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM cclavero@lbl.gov RI Clavero, Cesar/C-4391-2008 OI Clavero, Cesar/0000-0001-6665-3141 FU Defense Threat Reduction Agency [HDTRA1-10-1-0072]; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC05-06OR23177]; U. S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX This work was funded by the Defense Threat Reduction Agency (HDTRA1-10-1-0072) and via the U.S. Department of Energy (DE-AC05-06OR23177). Use of the Center for Nanoscale Materials was supported by the U. S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. NR 38 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 23 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 EI 1089-7550 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD OCT 1 PY 2012 VL 112 IS 7 AR 074328 DI 10.1063/1.4759119 PG 5 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 029IT UT WOS:000310489400139 ER PT J AU Duda, JC English, TS Piekos, ES Beechem, TE Kenny, TW Hopkins, PE AF Duda, John C. English, Timothy S. Piekos, Edward S. Beechem, Thomas E. Kenny, Thomas W. Hopkins, Patrick E. TI Bidirectionally tuning Kapitza conductance through the inclusion of substitutional impurities SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS SIMULATIONS; THERMAL-BOUNDARY CONDUCTANCE; TRANSPORT; INTERFACES; SCATTERING; NANOSCALE AB We investigate the influence of substitutional impurities on Kapitza conductance at coherent interfaces via non-equilibrium molecular dynamics simulations. The reference interface is comprised of two mass-mismatched Lennard-Jones solids with atomic masses of 40 and 120 amu. Substitutional impurity atoms with varying characteristics, e.g., mass or bond, are arranged about the interface in Gaussian distributions. When the masses of impurities fall outside the atomic masses of the reference materials, substitutional impurities impede interfacial thermal transport; on the other hand, when the impurity masses fall within this range, impurities enhance transport. Local phonon density of states calculations indicate that this observed enhancement can be attributed to a spatial grading of vibrational properties near the interface. Finally, for the range of parameters investigated, we find that the mass of the impurity atoms plays a dominant role as compared to the impurity bond characteristics. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4757941] C1 [Duda, John C.; Hopkins, Patrick E.] Univ Virginia, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA. [Duda, John C.; English, Timothy S.; Piekos, Edward S.; Beechem, Thomas E.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [English, Timothy S.; Kenny, Thomas W.] Stanford Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. RP Duda, JC (reprint author), Univ Virginia, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA. EM duda@virginia.edu; phopkins@virginia.edu RI Duda, John/A-7214-2011 FU National Science Foundation [CBET-1134311]; National Science Foundation; Department of Defense; LDRD program office at Sandia National Laboratories; United States Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000] FX J.C.D. and P.E.H. acknowledge funding from the National Science Foundation (CBET-1134311). T.S.E. is appreciative for funding from the National Science Foundation through the Graduate Research Fellowship Program and from the Department of Defense through the National Defense Science & Engineering Graduate Fellowship Program. This work was funded in part by the LDRD program office at Sandia National Laboratories. Sandia National Laboratories is a multiprogram laboratory managed and operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corporation, for the United States Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under Contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. NR 45 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 16 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 EI 1089-7550 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD OCT 1 PY 2012 VL 112 IS 7 AR 073519 DI 10.1063/1.4757941 PG 5 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 029IT UT WOS:000310489400041 ER PT J AU Gustavsen, RL Gehr, RJ Bucholtz, SM Alcon, RR Bartram, BD AF Gustavsen, Richard L. Gehr, Russell J. Bucholtz, Scott M. Alcon, Robert R. Bartram, Brian D. TI Shock initiation of the tri-amino-tri-nitro-benzene based explosive PBX 9502 cooled to -55 degrees C SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID PBX-9502 AB We report a series of shock initiation experiments on PBX 9502 cooled to -55 degrees C. PBX 9502 consists of 95% dry aminated tri-amino-tri-nitro-benzene (TATB) and 5% poly-chloro-trifluoro-ethylene5 (Kel-F 800) binder. PBX 9502 samples were shock initiated by projectile impact from a two stage gas gun. Buildup to detonation was measured with 10 or more particle velocity gauges embedded at different depths in the sample. Three shock wave trackers measured the position of the shock front with time. Particle velocity vs. time wave-profiles and coordinates for onset of detonation were obtained as a function of the impact stress or pressure. PBX 9502 sample temperatures were monitored using type-E thermocouples, two inside the sample and two on the sample surface. Additional thermocouples were mounted on other parts of the cooling apparatus. Wave profiles from embedded gauges are qualitatively similar to those observed at 23 degrees C. However, at -55 degrees C, PBX 9502 is much less sensitive than at 23 degrees C. For example, at an inpact stress of 15.4 GPa, the distance to detonation at -55 degrees C is 7.8 mm. At 23 degrees C, the distance is 4.3 mm. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4757599] C1 [Gustavsen, Richard L.; Alcon, Robert R.; Bartram, Brian D.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Gehr, Russell J.; Bucholtz, Scott M.] Honeywell Fed Mfg & Technol, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. RP Gustavsen, RL (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Mail Stop P952, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM rgus@lanl.gov OI Gustavsen, Richard/0000-0002-2281-2742 FU US Department of Energy at Los Alamos National Laboratory; NNSA [DE ACO4-01AL66850] FX Joe Lloyd, Nick Pence, and Mike Weinberg assisted with the gas-gun experiments, Paul Chapman machined the explosive samples, and Stephanie Hagelberg made the immersion density measurements. This work was supported by the US Department of Energy at Los Alamos National Laboratory operated by Los Alamos National Security, LLC. Honeywell work was supported by NNSA Contract DE ACO4-01AL66850. NR 29 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 16 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 EI 1089-7550 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD OCT 1 PY 2012 VL 112 IS 7 AR 074909 DI 10.1063/1.4757599 PG 16 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 029IT UT WOS:000310489400165 ER PT J AU Jeong, IK Lee, S Llobet, A AF Jeong, I. -K. Lee, Seunghun Llobet, A. TI Local structural disorder in Zn0.9Co0.1O nanocrystals studied using neutron total scattering analysis SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID ZINC-OXIDE; FERROMAGNETISM; ZNO; CO AB Neutron total scattering measurements were performed at 300 K and 15 K to study local structural disorder in deuterium plasma treated and as-prepared Zn0.9Co0.1O nanocrystalline powder. We found that static disorder becomes a determining factor for atomic pair correlations on the length scale larger than r similar to 9 angstrom. On the source of the static disorder, we propose a partial occupancy of Zn/Co further away from its crystallographic site along the c-axis. Between the deuterium plasma treated and as-prepared Zn0.9Co0.1O samples, we observed no local structural difference, which suggests that no additional disorder is induced by the deuterium plasma treatment. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4758183] C1 [Jeong, I. -K.] Pusan Natl Univ, Dept Phys Educ, Pusan 609735, South Korea. [Jeong, I. -K.] Pusan Natl Univ, Res Ctr Dielect & Adv Matter Phys, Pusan 609735, South Korea. [Lee, Seunghun] Pusan Natl Univ, Dept Cogno Mechatron Engn, Miryang 627706, South Korea. [Llobet, A.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Lujan Neutron Sci Ctr, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Jeong, IK (reprint author), Pusan Natl Univ, Dept Phys Educ, Pusan 609735, South Korea. EM Jeong@pusan.ac.kr RI Llobet, Anna/B-1672-2010; Lujan Center, LANL/G-4896-2012 FU National Research Foundation of Korea; Korean Government (MEST) [2012-0000345] FX This work was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea grant funded by the Korean Government (MEST) No. 2012-0000345. Neutron diffraction measurements have benefited from the use of HIPD at the Lujan Center at Los Alamos Neutron Science Center. Los Alamos National Laboratory is operated by Los Alamos National Security LLC. NR 24 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 EI 1089-7550 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD OCT 1 PY 2012 VL 112 IS 7 AR 073523 DI 10.1063/1.4758183 PG 4 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 029IT UT WOS:000310489400045 ER PT J AU Kang, K Wang, J Zheng, SJ Beyehein, IJ AF Kang, K. Wang, J. Zheng, S. J. Beyehein, I. J. TI Minimum energy structures of faceted, incoherent interfaces SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID GRAIN-BOUNDARY STRUCTURE; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS SIMULATION; POLYCRYSTALLINE FCC METALS; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; NANOLAMELLAR COMPOSITES; PLASTIC-DEFORMATION; SLIP TRANSMISSION; DISLOCATIONS; BEHAVIOR; MULTILAYERS AB In this article, we describe a method for quantifying the dislocation distribution in incoherent faceted fcc/bcc interfaces, including details such as the facet length and crystallography and the location, Burgers vector, and line orientation of each interface dislocation. The method is applied to a variety of relaxed equilibrium interface structures obtained from atomistic simulations. The results show that minimum energy forms of faceted interfaces are achieved when the serrated interface planes of the natural lattice are optimally matched such that when joined and relaxed, extended facet faces can form with minimum density of interface dislocations. With a proposed dislocation-based model for the formation energy, we demonstrate that optimal matching corresponds to minimal self-energies of the interfacial dislocations and extended facets (terrace planes). Most importantly, the formation energy of faceted interfaces is found to have no correlation with the net Burgers vector of the interface, which further emphasizes the importance of characterizing the interfacial dislocation distribution. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4755789] C1 [Wang, J.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Kang, K.; Beyehein, I. J.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Zheng, S. J.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, MPA CINT, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Wang, J (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM wangj6@lanl.gov RI zheng, shijian/F-2453-2012; Beyerlein, Irene/A-4676-2011; Wang, Jian/F-2669-2012; OI Wang, Jian/0000-0001-5130-300X; Kang, Keonwook/0000-0002-8428-8288 FU Center for Materials at Irradiation and Mechanical Extremes, an Energy Frontier Research Center; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, and Office of Basic Energy Sciences [2008LANL1026]; Los Alamos National Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) [DR20110029, ER20110573] FX KWK, IJB, and SJZ would like to acknowledge the support by the Center for Materials at Irradiation and Mechanical Extremes, an Energy Frontier Research Center funded by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, and Office of Basic Energy Sciences under Award Number 2008LANL1026. For the defect characterization method development, JW acknowledges support provided by the Los Alamos National Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) projects DR20110029 and ER20110573. NR 57 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 1 U2 40 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 EI 1089-7550 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD OCT 1 PY 2012 VL 112 IS 7 AR 073501 DI 10.1063/1.4755789 PG 10 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 029IT UT WOS:000310489400023 ER PT J AU Salvadori, MC Teixeira, FS Araujo, WWR Sgubin, LG Spirin, RE Cattani, M Brown, IG AF Salvadori, M. C. Teixeira, F. S. Araujo, W. W. R. Sgubin, L. G. Spirin, R. E. Cattani, M. Brown, I. G. TI Gold nanoparticle formation in diamond-like carbon using two different methods: Gold ion implantation and co-deposition of gold and carbon SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID DYNAMIC COMPOSITION CHANGES; SURFACE-PLASMON RESONANCE; SILVER NANOPARTICLES; VACUUM-ARC; THIN-FILMS; DEPOSITION; AU; SIMULATION; POLYMER; MATRIX AB We describe work in which gold nanoparticles were formed in diamond-like carbon (DLC), thereby generating a Au-DLC nanocomposite. A high-quality, hydrogen-free DLC thin film was formed by filtered vacuum arc plasma deposition, into which gold nanoparticles were introduced using two different methods. The first method was gold ion implantation into the DLC film at a number of decreasing ion energies, distributing the gold over a controllable depth range within the DLC. The second method was co-deposition of gold and carbon, using two separate vacuum arc plasma guns with suitably interleaved repetitive pulsing. Transmission electron microscope images show that the size of the gold nanoparticles obtained by ion implantation is 3-5 nm. For the Au-DLC composite obtained by co-deposition, there were two different nanoparticle sizes, most about 2 nm with some 6-7 nm. Raman spectroscopy indicates that the implanted sample contains a smaller fraction of sp(3) bonding for the DLC, demonstrating that some sp(3) bonds are destroyed by the gold implantation. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4757029] C1 [Salvadori, M. C.; Teixeira, F. S.; Araujo, W. W. R.; Sgubin, L. G.; Cattani, M.] Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Phys, BR-05315970 Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Spirin, R. E.] Univ Sao Paulo, Polytech Sch, BR-05508900 Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Brown, I. G.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Salvadori, MC (reprint author), Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Phys, CP 66318, BR-05315970 Sao Paulo, Brazil. EM mcsalvadori@if.usp.br RI Salvadori, Maria Cecilia/A-9379-2013; Teixeira, Fernanda/A-9395-2013; Cattani, Mauro/N-9749-2013 FU Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo (FAPESP); Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq), Brazil FX This work was supported by the Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo (FAPESP) and the Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq), Brazil. We are grateful to the Institute of Ion Beam Physics and Materials Research at the Forschungszentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Germany, for the TRIDYN_FZR computer simulation code; and to Daniel Cardoso Rodrigues and Professor Yoshio Kawano for the Raman spectroscopy spectra. NR 29 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 33 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD OCT 1 PY 2012 VL 112 IS 7 DI 10.1063/1.4757029 PG 6 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 029IT UT WOS:000310489400123 ER PT J AU Baglin, CM AF Baglin, Coral M. TI Nuclear Data Sheets for A=92 SO NUCLEAR DATA SHEETS LA English DT Article ID DELAYED-NEUTRON EMISSION; HIGH-SPIN STATES; PROTON INELASTIC-SCATTERING; GASEOUS FISSION-PRODUCTS; GAMMA-RAY SPECTROSCOPY; LOW-LYING STATES; GIANT-DIPOLE-RESONANCE; MEDIUM-WEIGHT NUCLEI; SHELL-MODEL CALCULATIONS; CAPTURE CROSS-SECTIONS AB Nuclear structure and decay data pertaining to all nuclides with mass number A=92 (As, Se, Br, Kr, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Mo, Tc, Ru, Rh, Pd) have been compiled and evaluated, and incorporated into the ENSDF data file. All literature available by 15 September 2012 has been considered. This evaluation supersedes the previous publication for this mass chain (Coral M. Baglin, Nuclear Data Sheets 91, 423 (2000) (November 2000 cutoff date)), and subsequent unpublished reevaluations by C.M. Baglin for Kr-92 (January 2004 literature cut off) and Sr-92 (August 2003 literature cut off). C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Baglin, CM (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Nucl Sci, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. FU Office of Science, Office of High Energy and Nuclear Physics, Nuclear Physics Division of the US Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX This work was supported by the Director, Office of Science, Office of High Energy and Nuclear Physics, Nuclear Physics Division of the US Department of Energy under contract DE-AC02-05CH11231. NR 485 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 7 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0090-3752 EI 1095-9904 J9 NUCL DATA SHEETS JI Nucl. Data Sheets PD OCT PY 2012 VL 113 IS 10 BP 2187 EP + DI 10.1016/j.nds.2012.10.001 PG 202 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 031QA UT WOS:000310655800001 ER PT J AU Simpson, MF Yoo, TS Labrier, D Lineberry, M Shaltry, M Phongikaroon, S AF Simpson, Michael F. Yoo, Tae-Sic Labrier, Daniel Lineberry, Michael Shaltry, Michael Phongikaroon, Supathorn TI SELECTIVE REDUCTION OF ACTIVE METAL CHLORIDES FROM MOLTEN LiCl-KCl USING LITHIUM DRAWDOWN SO NUCLEAR ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Pyroprocessing; Drawdown; Lithium Reduction; Lanthanides; Electrorefining AB In support of optimizing electrorefining technology for treating spent nuclear fuel, lithium drawdown has been investigated for separating actinides from molten salt electrolyte. Drawdown reaction selectivity is a major issue that requires investigation, since the goal is to remove actinides while leaving the fission products and other components in the salt. A series of lithium drawdown tests with surrogate fission product chlorides was run to obtain selectivity data with non-radioactive salts, develop a predictive model, and draw conclusions about the viability of using this process with actinide-loaded salt. Results of tests with CsCl, LaCl3, CeCl3, and NdCl3 are reported here. Equilibrium was typically achieved in less than 10 hours of contact between lithium metal and molten salt under well-stirred conditions. Maintaining low oxygen and water impurity concentrations (<10 ppm) in the atmosphere was observed to be critical to minimize side reactions and maintain stable salt compositions. An equilibrium model has been formulated and fit to the experimental data. Good fits to the data were achieved. Based on analysis and results obtained to date, it is concluded that clean separation between minor actinides and lanthanides will be difficult to achieve using lithium drawdown. C1 [Simpson, Michael F.; Yoo, Tae-Sic] Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. [Labrier, Daniel; Lineberry, Michael] Idaho State Univ, Pocatello, ID 83209 USA. [Shaltry, Michael; Phongikaroon, Supathorn] Univ Idaho, Idaho Falls, ID 83402 USA. RP Simpson, MF (reprint author), Idaho Natl Lab, POB 1625, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. EM michael.simpson@inl.gov RI Shaltry, Michael/B-5584-2017 OI Shaltry, Michael/0000-0003-3639-2651 FU Center for Advanced Energy Studies; Department of Energy's Nuclear Energy Office under the Fuel Cycle Research and Development Program FX The authors wish to acknowledge the invaluable laboratory contributions of Ben Cowan of Idaho National Laboratory and Joanna Taylor of University of Idaho. Support given to this project by the Center for Advanced Energy Studies is also gratefully acknowledged. Funding was provided for this project by Department of Energy's Nuclear Energy Office under the Fuel Cycle Research and Development Program. NR 9 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 12 PU KOREAN NUCLEAR SOC PI DAEJEON PA NUTOPIA BLDG, 342-1 JANGDAE-DONG, DAEJEON, 305-308, SOUTH KOREA SN 1738-5733 J9 NUCL ENG TECHNOL JI Nucl. Eng. Technol. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 44 IS 7 BP 767 EP 772 DI 10.5516/NET.06.2011.010 PG 6 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 044BD UT WOS:000311593500007 ER PT J AU Orlov, Y Flanagan, E Semertzidis, Y AF Orlov, Yuri Flanagan, Eanna Semertzidis, Yannis TI Spin rotation by Earth's gravitational field in a "frozen-spin" ring SO PHYSICS LETTERS A LA English DT Article DE Particle spin; Gravitation; Electric dipole moment; Magic momentum; Frozen-spin storage ring ID MAGNETIC FIELD AB Detailed calculations of spin rotation by the Earth's gravitational field in a frozen-spin ring are presented in three different coordinate systems and used (a) to show that the systematic error caused by gravitation in a proposed electric dipole moment measurement can be unambiguously determined, and (b) to propose measuring the spin-gravity effect in a dedicated frozen-spin ring using electrons. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Orlov, Yuri; Flanagan, Eanna] Cornell Univ, Dept Phys, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Flanagan, Eanna] Cornell Univ, Dept Astron, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Semertzidis, Yannis] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Orlov, Y (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Dept Phys, 310 Phys Sci Bldg, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM yfo1@cornell.edu RI Semertzidis, Yannis K./N-1002-2013 FU NSF [PHY-0757735, PHY-1068541]; DOE [DE-AC02-98CH1-886] FX The work of E.F. was supported by NSF grants PHY-0757735 and PHY-1068541, and by the hospitality of the Theoretical Astrophysics Including Relativity Group at Caltech and the Department of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics at the University of Cambridge. The work of Y.S. was supported by DOE grant DE-AC02-98CH1-886. NR 15 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9601 J9 PHYS LETT A JI Phys. Lett. A PD OCT 1 PY 2012 VL 376 IS 45 BP 2822 EP 2829 DI 10.1016/j.physleta.2012.08.011 PG 8 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 047TX UT WOS:000311865500002 ER PT J AU Briscese, F Grether, M de Llano, M Baker, GA AF Briscese, F. Grether, M. de Llano, M. Baker, George A., Jr. TI Study of stability of relativistic ideal Bose-Einstein condensates SO PHYSICS LETTERS A LA English DT Article ID FINITE NONINTERACTING SYSTEMS; BOSONIC DARK-MATTER; PAIR PRODUCTION; SYMMETRY-BREAKING; D DIMENSIONS; GAS; THERMODYNAMICS AB A relativistic complex scalar boson field at finite temperature T is examined below its critical Bose-Einstein condensation temperature. It is shown that at the same T the state with antibosons has higher entropy, lower Helmholtz free energy and higher pressure than the state without antibosons - but the same Gibbs free energy as it should. This implies that the configuration without antibosons is metastable. Results are generalized for arbitrary d spatial dimensions. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Briscese, F.] Univ Roma La Sapienza, Sez Matemat, DSBAI, I-00161 Rome, Italy. [Briscese, F.] Univ Rome, Dept Chem, Citta Univ, Ist Nazl Alta Matemat Francesco Severi,Grp Nazl F, I-00185 Rome, Italy. [Grether, M.] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Fac Ciencias, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico. [de Llano, M.] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Invest Mat, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico. [Baker, George A., Jr.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Briscese, F (reprint author), Univ Roma La Sapienza, Sez Matemat, DSBAI, Via Antonio Scarpa 16, I-00161 Rome, Italy. EM fabio.briscese@sbai.uniroma1.it FU UNAM-DGAPA-PAPIIT (Mexico) [IN102011]; U.S. Energy Department at the Los Alamos National Laboratory FX This work was completed during a visit of F.B. at UNAM-IIM in Mexico City. M.deLl. thanks UNAM-DGAPA-PAPIIT (Mexico) for grant IN102011. This work was supported in part by the U.S. Energy Department at the Los Alamos National Laboratory. F. Briscese is a Marie Curie fellow of the Istituto Nazionale di Alta Matematica Francesco Severi. NR 45 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9601 J9 PHYS LETT A JI Phys. Lett. A PD OCT 1 PY 2012 VL 376 IS 45 BP 2911 EP 2916 DI 10.1016/j.physleta.2012.08.036 PG 6 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 047TX UT WOS:000311865500019 ER PT J AU Serra, S Toutant, A Bataille, F Zhou, Y AF Serra, Sylvain Toutant, Adrien Bataille, Francoise Zhou, Ye TI Turbulent kinetic energy spectrum in very anisothermal flows SO PHYSICS LETTERS A LA English DT Article DE Energy spectra; Thermal large-eddy simulations; Anisothermal turbulent flow; Variable properties; Low Mach number equations ID CHANNEL FLOW; ROTATING TURBULENCE; SCALAR TRANSPORT; HEAT-TRANSFER; REYNOLDS; INSTABILITY; STATISTICS; NUMBER; RANGE; MODEL AB In this Letter, we find that the Kolmogorov scaling law is no longer valid when the flow is submitted to strong dilatational effects caused by high temperature gradients. As a result, in addition to the nonlinear time scale, there is a much shorter "temperature gradients" time scale. We propose a model that estimates the time scale of the triple decorrelation incorporating the influences of the temperature gradient. The model agrees with the results from the thermal large-eddy simulations of different Reynolds numbers and temperature gradients. This Letter provides a better understanding of the very anisothermal turbulent flow. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Zhou, Ye] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Serra, Sylvain; Toutant, Adrien; Bataille, Francoise] CNRS, UPR 8521, F-66100 Perpignan, France. RP Zhou, Y (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM sylvain_serra@bbox.fr; adrien.toutant@univ-Perp.fr; francoise.bataille@promes.cnrs.fr; yezhou@llnl.gov NR 32 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9601 J9 PHYS LETT A JI Phys. Lett. A PD OCT 1 PY 2012 VL 376 IS 45 BP 3177 EP 3184 DI 10.1016/j.physleta.2012.08.005 PG 8 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 047TX UT WOS:000311865500067 ER PT J AU Hasanbeigi, A Price, L Lin, E AF Hasanbeigi, Ali Price, Lynn Lin, Elina TI Emerging energy-efficiency and CO2 emission-reduction technologies for cement and concrete production: A technical review SO RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS LA English DT Review DE Emerging energy-efficiency technology; CO2 emission-reduction; Cement and concrete ID MECHANICAL ACTIVATION; INDUSTRY; IMPROVEMENT; CAPTURE AB Globally, the cement industry accounts for approximately 5 percent of current anthropogenic carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. World cement demand and production are increasing significantly, leading to an increase in this industry's absolute energy use and CO2 emissions. Development of new energy-efficiency and CO2 emission-reduction technologies and their deployment in the market will be key for the cement industry's mid- and long-term climate change mitigation strategies. This paper is an initial effort to compile available information on process description, energy savings, environmental and other benefits, costs, commercialization status, and references for emerging technologies to reduce the cement industry's energy use and CO2 emissions. Although studies from around the world identify a variety of sector-specific and cross-cutting energy-efficiency technologies for the cement industry that have already been commercialized, information is scarce and/or scattered regarding emerging or advanced energy-efficiency and low-carbon technologies that are not yet commercialized. This paper consolidates available information on eighteen emerging technologies for the cement industry, with the goal of providing engineers, researchers, investors, cement companies, policy makers, and other interested parties with easy access to a well-structured database of information on these technologies. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Hasanbeigi, Ali; Price, Lynn] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Energy Anal & Environm Impacts Dept, Environm Energy Technol Div,China Energy Grp, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Lin, Elina] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mech Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Hasanbeigi, A (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Energy Anal & Environm Impacts Dept, Environm Energy Technol Div,China Energy Grp, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM AHasanbeigi@lbl.gov FU China Sustainable Energy Program of the Energy Foundation through the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX This work was supported by the China Sustainable Energy Program of the Energy Foundation through the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. We are thankful to Andy O'Hare and Tyrone Wilson from Portland Cement Association for their valuable comments on the earlier version of the paper. We also would like to thank Nan Wishner for editing the paper. NR 70 TC 63 Z9 63 U1 6 U2 67 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1364-0321 J9 RENEW SUST ENERG REV JI Renew. Sust. Energ. Rev. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 16 IS 8 BP 6220 EP 6238 DI 10.1016/j.rser.2012.07.019 PG 19 WC GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY; Energy & Fuels SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Energy & Fuels GA 038OU UT WOS:000311184800062 ER PT J AU Baek, SG Shiraiwa, S Parker, RR Dominguez, A Kramer, GJ Marmar, ES AF Baek, S. G. Shiraiwa, S. Parker, R. R. Dominguez, A. Kramer, G. J. Marmar, E. S. TI Modification of ordinary-mode reflectometry system to detect lower-hybrid waves in Alcator C-Mod SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY MAY 06-10, 2012 CL Monterey, CA AB Backscattering experiments to detect lower-hybrid (LH) waves have been performed in Alcator C-Mod, using the two modified channels (60 GHz and 75 GHz) of an ordinary-mode reflectometry system with newly developed spectral recorders that can continuously monitor spectral power at a target frequency. The change in the baseline of the spectral recorder during the LH wave injection is highly correlated to the strength of the X-mode non-thermal electron cyclotron emission. In high density plasmas where an anomalous drop in the lower hybrid current drive efficiency is observed, the observed backscattered signals are expected to be generated near the last closed flux surface, demonstrating the presence of LH waves within the plasma. This experimental technique can be useful in identifying spatially localized LH electric fields in the periphery of high-density plasmas. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4734492] C1 [Baek, S. G.; Shiraiwa, S.; Parker, R. R.; Dominguez, A.; Marmar, E. S.] MIT, Plasma Sci & Fus Ctr, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Kramer, G. J.] Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Baek, SG (reprint author), MIT, Plasma Sci & Fus Ctr, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. EM sgbaek@mit.edu NR 5 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 83 IS 10 AR 10E325 DI 10.1063/1.4734492 PN 2 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 043RB UT WOS:000311562900172 PM 23126983 ER PT J AU Barrios, MA MacPhee, A Regan, SP Kimbrough, J Nagel, SR Benedetti, LR Khan, SF Bradley, D Bell, P Edgell, D Collins, GW AF Barrios, M. A. MacPhee, A. Regan, S. P. Kimbrough, J. Nagel, S. R. Benedetti, L. R. Khan, S. F. Bradley, D. Bell, P. Edgell, D. Collins, G. W. TI X-ray bang-time measurements at the National Ignition Facility using a diamond detector SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY MAY 06-10, 2012 CL Monterey, CA AB A chemical vapor deposition polycrystalline photoconductive diamond detector was fielded at NIF to measure the time of peak x-ray emission, or x-ray bang time, of inertial confinement fusion implosions. Imaging the capsule with a pinhole provides contrast against Hohlraum emission, allowing clear identification of the capsule component in the raw scope trace. X-ray bang time was measured to within +/- 41-46 ps with the internal photoconductive diamond detector. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4729667] C1 [Barrios, M. A.; MacPhee, A.; Kimbrough, J.; Nagel, S. R.; Benedetti, L. R.; Khan, S. F.; Bradley, D.; Bell, P.; Collins, G. W.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Regan, S. P.; Edgell, D.] Univ Rochester, Laser Energet Lab, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. RP Barrios, MA (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM barrios4@llnl.gov NR 10 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 15 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 83 IS 10 AR 10E105 DI 10.1063/1.4729667 PN 2 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 043RB UT WOS:000311562900113 PM 23126927 ER PT J AU Beiersdorfer, P Brown, GV Graf, AT Bitter, M Hill, KW Kelley, RL Kilbourne, CA Leutenegger, MA Porter, FS AF Beiersdorfer, P. Brown, G. V. Graf, A. T. Bitter, M. Hill, K. W. Kelley, R. L. Kilbourne, C. A. Leutenegger, M. A. Porter, F. S. TI Rest-wavelength fiducials for the ITER core imaging x-ray spectrometer SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY MAY 06-10, 2012 CL Monterey, CA ID PLASMA ROTATION VELOCITY; BEAM ION-TRAP; CRYSTAL SPECTROMETER; TEMPERATURE; PROFILES AB Absolute wavelength references are needed to derive the plasma velocities from the Doppler shift of a given line emitted by a moving plasma. We show that such reference standards exist for the strongest x-ray line in neonlike W64+, which has become the line of choice for the ITER (Latin "the way") core imaging x-ray spectrometer. Close-by standards are the Hf L beta(3) line and the Ir L alpha(2) line, which bracket the W64+ line by +/- 30 eV; other standards are given by the Ir L alpha(1) and L alpha(2) lines and the Hf L beta(1) and L beta(2) lines, which bracket the W64+ line by +/- 40 and +/- 160 eV, respectively. The reference standards can be produced by an x-ray tube built into the ITER spectrometer. We present spectra of the reference lines obtained with an x-ray microcalorimeter and compare them to spectra of the W64+ line obtained both with an x-ray microcalorimeter and a crystal spectrometer. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4733318] C1 [Beiersdorfer, P.; Brown, G. V.; Graf, A. T.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Div Phys, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Beiersdorfer, P.] Univ Puerto Rico, Dept Chem, San Juan, PR 00931 USA. [Beiersdorfer, P.] Univ Puerto Rico, Chem Phys Program, San Juan, PR 00931 USA. [Bitter, M.; Hill, K. W.] Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. [Kelley, R. L.; Kilbourne, C. A.; Leutenegger, M. A.; Porter, F. S.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. RP Beiersdorfer, P (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Div Phys, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM beiersdor-fer@llnl.gov RI Porter, Frederick/D-3501-2012 OI Porter, Frederick/0000-0002-6374-1119 NR 19 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 83 IS 10 AR 10E111 DI 10.1063/1.4733318 PN 2 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 043RB UT WOS:000311562900119 PM 23126933 ER PT J AU Benedetti, LR Bell, PM Bradley, DK Brown, CG Glenn, SM Heeter, R Holder, JP Izumi, N Khan, SF Lacaille, G Simanovskaia, N Smalyuk, VA Thomas, R AF Benedetti, L. R. Bell, P. M. Bradley, D. K. Brown, C. G. Glenn, S. M. Heeter, R. Holder, J. P. Izumi, N. Khan, S. F. Lacaille, G. Simanovskaia, N. Smalyuk, V. A. Thomas, R. TI Crosstalk in x-ray framing cameras: Effect on voltage, gain, and timing (invited) SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY MAY 06-10, 2012 CL Monterey, CA ID COUPLED MICROSTRIP LINES AB We present evidence that electromagnetic crosstalk between independent strips in gated x-ray framing cameras can affect relative gains by up to an order of magnitude and gate arrival times up to tens of picoseconds when strip separation times are less then similar to 1 ns. Crosstalk is observed by multiple methods, and it is confirmed by direct measurements of voltage on the active surface of the detector and also by indirect voltage monitors in routine operation. The voltage measurements confirm that crosstalk is produced not only in the active regions of the microchannel plate, but also along the entire input path of the voltage pulses. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4740524] C1 [Benedetti, L. R.; Bell, P. M.; Bradley, D. K.; Brown, C. G.; Glenn, S. M.; Heeter, R.; Holder, J. P.; Izumi, N.; Khan, S. F.; Lacaille, G.; Simanovskaia, N.; Smalyuk, V. A.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Thomas, R.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Benedetti, LR (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM benedetti3@llnl.gov RI IZUMI, Nobuhiko/J-8487-2016 OI IZUMI, Nobuhiko/0000-0003-1114-597X NR 13 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 13 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 83 IS 10 AR 10E135 DI 10.1063/1.4740524 PN 2 PG 6 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 043RB UT WOS:000311562900143 PM 23126956 ER PT J AU Biewer, TM Belcher, C Hassall, I Hillis, DL Kaveney, G Scharpf, D Stamp, MF Stunell, C Zastrow, KD AF Biewer, T. M. Belcher, C. Hassall, I. Hillis, D. L. Kaveney, G. Scharpf, D. Stamp, M. F. Stunell, C. Zastrow, K. -D. CA JET-EFDA Contributors TI Implementation of an in-vessel calibration light source for JET SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY MAY 06-10, 2012 CL Monterey, CA AB An in-vessel calibration light source (ICLS) has been implemented for remote use during extended shutdown periods of the Joint European Torus (JET). The ICLS facilitated the in situ calibration of optical diagnostics, which previously were performed when the diagnostics were removed from JET. Since the ICLS is used to calibrate diagnostics over the entire, exact optical path as used when plasma discharge data are measured, the ICLS calibration implicitly accounts for any vignetting losses in the JET vessel viewports in addition to the vacuum window transmission. At least ten diagnostic systems have benefited from the ICLS during the extended ITER-like wall shutdown of 2009-2011. Examples of the use of the ICLS in JET are given. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4729502] C1 [Biewer, T. M.; Hillis, D. L.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Belcher, C.; Hassall, I.] Oxford Technol Ltd, Abingdon OX14 1RG, Oxon, England. [Kaveney, G.; Stamp, M. F.; Stunell, C.; Zastrow, K. -D.] EURATOM CCFE Fus Assoc, Culham Sci Ctr, Abingdon OX14 3DB, Oxon, England. [Scharpf, D.] Labsphere Inc, N Sutton, NH 03260 USA. [JET-EFDA Contributors] JET EFDA, Culham Sci Ctr, Abingdon OX14 3DB, Oxon, England. RP Biewer, TM (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM tmbiewer@ornl.gov NR 2 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 83 IS 10 AR 10D505 DI 10.1063/1.4729502 PN 2 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 043RB UT WOS:000311562900024 PM 23130789 ER PT J AU Bitter, M Hill, KW Delgado-Aparicio, LF Pablant, NA Scott, S Jones, F Beiersdorfer, P Wang, E del Rio, MS Caughey, TA Brunner, J AF Bitter, M. Hill, K. W. Delgado-Aparicio, L. F. Pablant, N. A. Scott, S. Jones, F. Beiersdorfer, P. Wang, E. del Rio, M. Sanchez Caughey, T. A. Brunner, J. TI A new scheme for stigmatic x-ray imaging with large magnification SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY MAY 06-10, 2012 CL Monterey, CA ID NATIONAL IGNITION FACILITY; CRYSTALS; PLASMA AB This paper describes a new x-ray scheme for stigmatic imaging. The scheme consists of one convex spherically bent crystal and one concave spherically bent crystal. The radii of curvature and Bragg reflecting lattice planes of the two crystals are properly matched to eliminate the astigmatism, so that the conditions for stigmatic imaging are met for a particular wavelength. The magnification is adjustable and solely a function of the two Bragg angles or angles of incidence. Although the choice of Bragg angles is constrained by the availability of crystals, this is not a severe limitation for the imaging of plasmas, since a particular wavelength can be selected from the bremsstrahlung continuum. The working principle of this imaging scheme has been verified with visible light. Further tests with x rays are planned for the near future. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4739069] C1 [Bitter, M.; Hill, K. W.; Delgado-Aparicio, L. F.; Pablant, N. A.; Scott, S.; Jones, F.] Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. [Beiersdorfer, P.; Wang, E.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Div Phys, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [del Rio, M. Sanchez] European Synchrotron Radiat Facil, F-38043 Grenoble, France. [Caughey, T. A.; Brunner, J.] Inrad Opt, Northvale, NJ 07647 USA. RP Bitter, M (reprint author), Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. EM bitter@pppl.gov NR 12 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 10 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 83 IS 10 AR 10E527 DI 10.1063/1.4739069 PN 2 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 043RB UT WOS:000311562900224 PM 23127034 ER PT J AU Bleuel, DL Yeamans, CB Bernstein, LA Bionta, RM Caggiano, JA Casey, DT Cooper, GW Drury, OB Frenje, JA Hagmann, CA Hatarik, R Knauer, JP Johnson, MG Knittel, KM Leeper, RJ McNaney, JM Moran, M Ruiz, CL Schneider, DHG AF Bleuel, D. L. Yeamans, C. B. Bernstein, L. A. Bionta, R. M. Caggiano, J. A. Casey, D. T. Cooper, G. W. Drury, O. B. Frenje, J. A. Hagmann, C. A. Hatarik, R. Knauer, J. P. Johnson, M. Gatu Knittel, K. M. Leeper, R. J. McNaney, J. M. Moran, M. Ruiz, C. L. Schneider, D. H. G. TI Neutron activation diagnostics at the National Ignition Facility (invited) SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY MAY 06-10, 2012 CL Monterey, CA ID OMEGA AB Neutron yields are measured at the National Ignition Facility (NIF) by an extensive suite of neutron activation diagnostics. Neutrons interact with materials whose reaction cross sections threshold just below the fusion neutron production energy, providing an accurate measure of primary unscattered neutrons without contribution from lower-energy scattered neutrons. Indium samples are mounted on diagnostic instrument manipulators in the NIF target chamber, 25-50 cm from the source, to measure 2.45 MeV deuterium-deuterium fusion neutrons through the In-115(n,n')(115m) In reaction. Outside the chamber, zirconium and copper are used to measure 14 MeV deuterium-tritium fusion neutrons via Zr-90(n,2n), Cu-63(n,2n), and Cu-65(n,2n) reactions. An array of 16 zirconium samples are located on port covers around the chamber to measure relative yield anisotropies, providing a global map of fuel areal density variation. Neutron yields are routinely measured with activation to an accuracy of 7% and are in excellent agreement both with each other and with neutron time-of-flight and magnetic recoil spectrometer measurements. Relative areal density anisotropies can be measured to a precision of less than 3%. These measurements reveal apparent bulk fuel velocities as high as 200 km/s in addition to large areal density variations between the pole and equator of the compressed fuel. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4733741] C1 [Bleuel, D. L.; Yeamans, C. B.; Bernstein, L. A.; Bionta, R. M.; Caggiano, J. A.; Drury, O. B.; Hagmann, C. A.; Hatarik, R.; Knittel, K. M.; McNaney, J. M.; Moran, M.; Schneider, D. H. G.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Casey, D. T.; Frenje, J. A.; Johnson, M. Gatu] MIT, Plasma Sci & Fus Ctr, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Cooper, G. W.] Univ New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [Knauer, J. P.] Univ Rochester, Laser Energet Lab, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. [Leeper, R. J.; Ruiz, C. L.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Bleuel, DL (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM bleuel1@llnl.gov RI McNaney, James/F-5258-2013 NR 18 TC 41 Z9 43 U1 0 U2 22 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 EI 1089-7623 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 83 IS 10 AR 10D313 DI 10.1063/1.4733741 PN 2 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 043RB UT WOS:000311562900014 PM 23126840 ER PT J AU Brown, CG Ayers, J Felker, B Ferguson, W Holder, JP Nagel, SR Piston, KW Simanovskaia, N Throop, AL Chung, M Hilsabeck, T AF Brown, C. G., Jr. Ayers, J. Felker, B. Ferguson, W. Holder, J. P. Nagel, S. R. Piston, K. W. Simanovskaia, N. Throop, A. L. Chung, M. Hilsabeck, T. TI Assessment and mitigation of diagnostic-generated electromagnetic interference at the National Ignition Facility SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY MAY 06-10, 2012 CL Monterey, CA AB Electromagnetic interference (EMI) is an ever-present challenge at laser facilities such as the National Ignition Facility (NIF). The major source of EMI at such facilities is laser-target interaction that can generate intense electromagnetic fields within, and outside of, the laser target chamber. In addition, the diagnostics themselves can be a source of EMI, even interfering with themselves. In this paper we describe EMI generated by ARIANE and DIXI, present measurements, and discuss effects of the diagnostic-generated EMI on ARIANE's CCD and on a PMT nearby DIXI. Finally we present some of the efforts we have made to mitigate the effects of diagnostic-generated EMI on NIF diagnostics. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4739313] C1 [Brown, C. G., Jr.; Ayers, J.; Felker, B.; Ferguson, W.; Holder, J. P.; Nagel, S. R.; Piston, K. W.; Simanovskaia, N.; Throop, A. L.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Chung, M.; Hilsabeck, T.] Gen Atom Co, San Diego, CA 92121 USA. RP Brown, CG (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM brown207@llnl.gov NR 7 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 83 IS 10 AR 10D729 DI 10.1063/1.4739313 PN 2 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 043RB UT WOS:000311562900085 PM 23126901 ER PT J AU Caillaud, T Landoas, O Briat, M Rosse, B Thfoin, I Philippe, F Casner, A Bourgade, JL Disdier, L Glebov, VY Marshall, FJ Sangster, TC Park, HS Robey, HF Amendt, P AF Caillaud, T. Landoas, O. Briat, M. Rosse, B. Thfoin, I. Philippe, F. Casner, A. Bourgade, J. L. Disdier, L. Glebov, V. Yu. Marshall, F. J. Sangster, T. C. Park, H. S. Robey, H. F. Amendt, P. TI A new compact, high sensitivity neutron imaging system SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY MAY 06-10, 2012 CL Monterey, CA ID TARGETS; IMAGES AB We have developed a new small neutron imaging system (SNIS) diagnostic for the OMEGA laser facility. The SNIS uses a penumbral coded aperture and has been designed to record images from low yield (10(9)-10(10) neutrons) implosions such as those using deuterium as the fuel. This camera was tested at OMEGA in 2009 on a rugby hohlraum energetics experiment where it recorded an image at a yield of 1.4 x 10(10). The resolution of this image was 54 mu m and the camera was located only 4 meters from target chamber centre. We recently improved the instrument by adding a cooled CCD camera. The sensitivity of the new camera has been fully characterized using a linear accelerator and a Co-60 gamma-ray source. The calibration showed that the signal-to-noise ratio could be improved by using raw binning detection. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4739314] C1 [Caillaud, T.; Landoas, O.; Briat, M.; Rosse, B.; Thfoin, I.; Philippe, F.; Casner, A.; Bourgade, J. L.; Disdier, L.] DIF, DAM, CEA, F-91297 Arpajon, France. [Glebov, V. Yu.; Marshall, F. J.; Sangster, T. C.] Univ Rochester, Laser Energet Lab, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. [Park, H. S.; Robey, H. F.; Amendt, P.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Caillaud, T (reprint author), DIF, DAM, CEA, F-91297 Arpajon, France. EM tony.caillaud@cea.fr RI CASNER, Alexis/B-7458-2014 OI CASNER, Alexis/0000-0003-2176-1389 NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 16 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 83 IS 10 AR 10E131 DI 10.1063/1.4739314 PN 2 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 043RB UT WOS:000311562900139 PM 23126952 ER PT J AU Casey, DT Frenje, JA Johnson, MG Seguin, FH Li, CK Petrasso, RD Glebov, VY Katz, J Knauer, JP Meyerhofer, DD Sangster, TC Bionta, RM Bleuel, DL Doppner, T Glenzer, S Hartouni, E Hatchett, SP Le Pape, S Ma, T MacKinnon, A Mckernan, MA Moran, M Moses, E Park, HS Ralph, J Remington, BA Smalyuk, V Yeamans, CB Kline, J Kyrala, G Chandler, GA Leeper, RJ Ruiz, CL Cooper, GW Nelson, AJ Fletcher, K Kilkenny, J Farrell, M Jasion, D Paguio, R AF Casey, D. T. Frenje, J. A. Johnson, M. Gatu Seguin, F. H. Li, C. K. Petrasso, R. D. Glebov, V. Yu. Katz, J. Knauer, J. P. Meyerhofer, D. D. Sangster, T. C. Bionta, R. M. Bleuel, D. L. Doeppner, T. Glenzer, S. Hartouni, E. Hatchett, S. P. Le Pape, S. Ma, T. MacKinnon, A. Mckernan, M. A. Moran, M. Moses, E. Park, H. -S. Ralph, J. Remington, B. A. Smalyuk, V. Yeamans, C. B. Kline, J. Kyrala, G. Chandler, G. A. Leeper, R. J. Ruiz, C. L. Cooper, G. W. Nelson, A. J. Fletcher, K. Kilkenny, J. Farrell, M. Jasion, D. Paguio, R. TI Measuring the absolute deuterium-tritium neutron yield using the magnetic recoil spectrometer at OMEGA and the NIF SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY MAY 06-10, 2012 CL Monterey, CA AB A magnetic recoil spectrometer (MRS) has been installed and extensively used on OMEGA and the National Ignition Facility (NIF) for measurements of the absolute neutron spectrum from inertial confinement fusion implosions. From the neutron spectrum measured with the MRS, many critical implosion parameters are determined including the primary DT neutron yield, the ion temperature, and the down-scattered neutron yield. As the MRS detection efficiency is determined from first principles, the absolute DT neutron yield is obtained without cross-calibration to other techniques. The MRS primary DT neutron measurements at OMEGA and the NIF are shown to be in excellent agreement with previously established yield diagnostics on OMEGA, and with the newly commissioned nuclear activation diagnostics on the NIF. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4738657] C1 [Casey, D. T.; Frenje, J. A.; Johnson, M. Gatu; Seguin, F. H.; Li, C. K.; Petrasso, R. D.] MIT, Plasma Sci & Fus Ctr, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Glebov, V. Yu.; Katz, J.; Knauer, J. P.; Meyerhofer, D. D.; Sangster, T. C.] Univ Rochester, Laser Energet Lab, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. [Meyerhofer, D. D.] Univ Rochester, Dept Mech Engn, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. [Bionta, R. M.; Bleuel, D. L.; Doeppner, T.; Glenzer, S.; Hartouni, E.; Hatchett, S. P.; Le Pape, S.; Ma, T.; MacKinnon, A.; Mckernan, M. A.; Moran, M.; Moses, E.; Park, H. -S.; Ralph, J.; Remington, B. A.; Smalyuk, V.; Yeamans, C. B.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Kline, J.; Kyrala, G.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Chandler, G. A.; Leeper, R. J.; Ruiz, C. L.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Cooper, G. W.; Nelson, A. J.] Univ New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [Fletcher, K.] SUNY Coll Geneseo, Geneseo, NY 14454 USA. [Kilkenny, J.; Farrell, M.; Jasion, D.; Paguio, R.] Gen Atom Co, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. RP Casey, DT (reprint author), MIT, Plasma Sci & Fus Ctr, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. EM dtcasey@psfc.mit.edu RI Ma, Tammy/F-3133-2013; MacKinnon, Andrew/P-7239-2014; OI Ma, Tammy/0000-0002-6657-9604; MacKinnon, Andrew/0000-0002-4380-2906; Hartouni, Edward/0000-0001-9869-4351; Kline, John/0000-0002-2271-9919 NR 22 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 23 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 EI 1089-7623 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 83 IS 10 AR 10D912 DI 10.1063/1.4738657 PN 2 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 043RB UT WOS:000311562900100 PM 23126915 ER PT J AU Chen, H Tommasini, R Seely, J Szabo, CI Feldman, U Pereira, N Gregori, G Falk, K Mithen, J Murphy, CD AF Chen, Hui Tommasini, R. Seely, J. Szabo, C. I. Feldman, U. Pereira, N. Gregori, G. Falk, K. Mithen, J. Murphy, C. D. TI Measuring electron-positron annihilation radiation from laser plasma interactions SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY MAY 06-10, 2012 CL Monterey, CA AB We investigated various diagnostic techniques to measure the 511 keV annihilation radiations. These include step-wedge filters, transmission crystal spectroscopy, single-hit CCD detectors, and streaked scintillating detection. While none of the diagnostics recorded conclusive results, the step-wedge filter that is sensitive to the energy range between 100 keV and 700 keV shows a signal around 500 keV that is clearly departing from a pure Bremsstrahlung spectrum and that we ascribe to annihilation radiation. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4734038] C1 [Chen, Hui; Tommasini, R.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. [Seely, J.; Szabo, C. I.; Feldman, U.; Pereira, N.] Artep Inc, Ellicott City, MD 21042 USA. [Gregori, G.; Falk, K.; Mithen, J.; Murphy, C. D.] Univ Oxford, Clarendon Lab, Oxford OX1 3PU, England. RP Chen, H (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM chen33@llnl.gov RI Falk, Katerina/D-2369-2017; Tommasini, Riccardo/A-8214-2009 OI Falk, Katerina/0000-0001-5975-776X; Tommasini, Riccardo/0000-0002-1070-3565 NR 12 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 14 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 83 IS 10 AR 10E113 DI 10.1063/1.4734038 PN 2 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 043RB UT WOS:000311562900121 PM 23126935 ER PT J AU Chrystal, C Burrell, KH Grierson, BA Groebner, RJ Kaplan, DH AF Chrystal, C. Burrell, K. H. Grierson, B. A. Groebner, R. J. Kaplan, D. H. TI Calculation of impurity poloidal rotation from measured poloidal asymmetries in the toroidal rotation of a tokamak plasma SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY MAY 06-10, 2012 CL Monterey, CA ID CHARGE-EXCHANGE SPECTROSCOPY; TRANSPORT; VELOCITY AB To improve poloidal rotation measurement capabilities on the DIII-D tokamak, new chords for the charge exchange recombination spectroscopy (CER) diagnostic have been installed. CER is a common method for measuring impurity rotation in tokamak plasmas. These new chords make measurements on the high-field side of the plasma. They are designed so that they can measure toroidal rotation without the need for the calculation of atomic physics corrections. Asymmetry between toroidal rotation on the high- and low-field sides of the plasma is used to calculate poloidal rotation. Results for the main impurity in the plasma are shown and compared with a neoclassical calculation of poloidal rotation. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4728097] C1 [Chrystal, C.] Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92186 USA. [Burrell, K. H.; Groebner, R. J.; Kaplan, D. H.] Gen Atom Co, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. [Grierson, B. A.] Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Chrystal, C (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92186 USA. EM chrystal@fusion.gat.com NR 16 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 83 IS 10 AR 10D501 DI 10.1063/1.4728097 PN 2 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 043RB UT WOS:000311562900020 PM 23126845 ER PT J AU Clayton, DJ Jaworski, MA Kumar, D Stutman, D Finkenthal, M Tritz, K AF Clayton, D. J. Jaworski, M. A. Kumar, D. Stutman, D. Finkenthal, M. Tritz, K. TI Divertor electron temperature and impurity diffusion measurements with a spectrally resolved imaging radiometer SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY MAY 06-10, 2012 CL Monterey, CA ID DIII-D AB A divertor imaging radiometer (DIR) diagnostic is being studied to measure spatially and spectrally resolved radiated power P-rad(lambda) in the tokamak divertor. A dual transmission grating design, with extreme ultraviolet (similar to 20-200 angstrom) and vacuum ultraviolet (similar to 200-2000 angstrom) gratings placed side-by-side, can produce coarse spectral resolution over a broad wavelength range covering emission from impurities over a wide temperature range. The DIR can thus be used to evaluate the separate P-rad contributions from different ion species and charge states. Additionally, synthetic spectra from divertor simulations can be fit to P-rad(lambda) measurements, providing a powerful code validation tool that can also be used to estimate electron divertor temperature and impurity transport. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4732066] C1 [Clayton, D. J.; Kumar, D.; Stutman, D.; Finkenthal, M.; Tritz, K.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Jaworski, M. A.] Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Clayton, DJ (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. EM dclayton@pppl.gov RI Kumar, Deepak/G-6001-2014; Kumar, Deepak/J-3614-2015; Stutman, Dan/P-4048-2015 NR 8 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 83 IS 10 AR 10D521 DI 10.1063/1.4732066 PN 2 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 043RB UT WOS:000311562900040 PM 23126862 ER PT J AU Cone, KV Baldis, HA Dunn, J May, MJ Purvis, MA Schneider, MB Scott, HA AF Cone, K. V. Baldis, H. A. Dunn, J. May, M. J. Purvis, M. A. Schneider, M. B. Scott, H. A. TI Time-resolved soft x-ray spectra from laser-produced Cu plasma SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY MAY 06-10, 2012 CL Monterey, CA AB The volumetric heating of a thin copper target has been studied with time resolved x-ray spectroscopy. The copper target was heated by a plasma produced using the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory's Compact Multipulse Terawatt (COMET) laser. A variable spaced grating spectrometer coupled to an x-ray streak camera measured soft x-ray emission (800-1550 eV) from the back of the copper target to characterize the bulk heating of the target. Radiation hydrodynamic simulations were modeled in two-dimensions using the HYDRA code. The target conditions calculated by HYDRA were post-processed with the atomic kinetics code CRETIN to generate synthetic emission spectra. A comparison between the experimental and simulated spectra indicates the presence of specific ionization states of copper and the corresponding electron temperatures and ion densities throughout the laser-heated copper target. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4739071] C1 [Cone, K. V.; Dunn, J.; May, M. J.; Schneider, M. B.; Scott, H. A.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. [Cone, K. V.; Baldis, H. A.] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Purvis, M. A.] Colorado State Univ, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. RP Cone, KV (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM cone2@llnl.gov NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 17 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 83 IS 10 AR 10E138 DI 10.1063/1.4739071 PN 2 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 043RB UT WOS:000311562900146 PM 23126959 ER PT J AU Cooper, GW Ruiz, CL Leeper, RJ Chandler, GA Hahn, KD Nelson, AJ Torres, JA Smelser, RM McWatters, BR Bleuel, DL Yeamans, CB Knittel, KM Casey, DT Frenje, JA Johnson, MG Petrasso, RD Styron, JD AF Cooper, G. W. Ruiz, C. L. Leeper, R. J. Chandler, G. A. Hahn, K. D. Nelson, A. J. Torres, J. A. Smelser, R. M. McWatters, B. R. Bleuel, D. L. Yeamans, C. B. Knittel, K. M. Casey, D. T. Frenje, J. A. Johnson, M. Gatu Petrasso, R. D. Styron, J. D. TI Copper activation deuterium-tritium neutron yield measurements at the National Ignition Facility SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY MAY 06-10, 2012 CL Monterey, CA AB A DT neutron yield diagnostic based on the reactions, Cu-63(n,2n)Cu-62(beta(+)) and Cu-65(n,2n)Cu-64(beta(+)), has been fielded at the National Ignition Facility (NIF). The induced copper activity is measured using a NaI gamma-gamma coincidence system. Uncertainties in the 14-MeV DT yield measurements are on the order of 7% to 8%. In addition to measuring yield, the ratio of activities induced in two, well-separated copper samples are used to measure the relative anisotropy of the fuel rho R to uncertainties as low as 5%. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4746999] C1 [Cooper, G. W.; Nelson, A. J.; Styron, J. D.] Univ New Mexico, Dept Chem & Nucl Engn, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [Ruiz, C. L.; Leeper, R. J.; Chandler, G. A.; Hahn, K. D.; Torres, J. A.; Smelser, R. M.; McWatters, B. R.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Bleuel, D. L.; Yeamans, C. B.; Knittel, K. M.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Casey, D. T.; Frenje, J. A.; Johnson, M. Gatu; Petrasso, R. D.] MIT, Plasma Sci & Fus Ctr, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. RP Cooper, GW (reprint author), Univ New Mexico, Dept Chem & Nucl Engn, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. EM gcoope@sandia.gov NR 10 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 12 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 83 IS 10 AR 10D918 DI 10.1063/1.4746999 PN 2 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 043RB UT WOS:000311562900106 PM 23126920 ER PT J AU Danly, CR Grim, GP Guler, N Intrator, MH Merrill, FE Volegov, P Wilde, CH AF Danly, C. R. Grim, G. P. Guler, N. Intrator, M. H. Merrill, F. E. Volegov, P. Wilde, C. H. TI A new aperture for neutron and x-ray imaging of inertial confinement fusion experiments SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY MAY 06-10, 2012 CL Monterey, CA AB Recent neutron imaging of experiments at the National Ignition Facility has provided useful information about the hotspot shape and cold-fuel distribution and has also given insight into avenues for improvement. Neutron image reconstruction depends on accurate pointing information because the point-spread function of the neutron aperture is not shift invariant. Current pointing techniques are limited in their accuracy and rely upon detailed information about the as-built structure of the array, which is difficult to determine. We present a technique for extracting high-precision pointing information from both neutron and x-ray images, and a new aperture design with features to facilitate this technique, and allow future co-registration of neutron and x-ray images. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4731745] C1 [Danly, C. R.; Grim, G. P.; Guler, N.; Intrator, M. H.; Merrill, F. E.; Volegov, P.; Wilde, C. H.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Danly, CR (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. OI Merrill, Frank/0000-0003-0603-735X NR 6 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 83 IS 10 AR 10E522 DI 10.1063/1.4731745 PN 2 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 043RB UT WOS:000311562900219 PM 23127029 ER PT J AU Delgado-Aparicio, L Bitter, M Granetz, R Reinke, M Beiersdorfer, P Gates, D Hill, K Pablant, N Podpaly, Y Rice, J Sugiyama, L AF Delgado-Aparicio, L. Bitter, M. Granetz, R. Reinke, M. Beiersdorfer, P. Gates, D. Hill, K. Pablant, N. Podpaly, Y. Rice, J. Sugiyama, L. TI Molybdenum emission from impurity-induced m=1 snake-modes on the Alcator C-Mod tokamak SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY MAY 06-10, 2012 CL Monterey, CA ID DENSITY PERTURBATIONS AB A suite of novel high-resolution spectroscopic imaging diagnostics has facilitated the identification and localization of molybdenum impurities as the main species during the formation and lifetime of m = 1 impurity-induced snake-modes on Alcator C-Mod. Such measurements made it possible to infer, for the first time, the perturbed radiated power density profiles from which the impurity density can be deduced. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4733731] C1 [Delgado-Aparicio, L.; Bitter, M.; Gates, D.; Hill, K.; Pablant, N.] Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA. [Delgado-Aparicio, L.; Granetz, R.; Reinke, M.; Podpaly, Y.; Rice, J.] MIT, Plasma Sci & Fus Ctr, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Beiersdorfer, P.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Sugiyama, L.] MIT, Nucl Sci Lab, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. RP Delgado-Aparicio, L (reprint author), Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA. NR 12 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 83 IS 10 AR 10E517 DI 10.1063/1.4733731 PN 2 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 043RB UT WOS:000311562900214 PM 23127024 ER PT J AU Diallo, A LeBlanc, BP Labik, G Stevens, D AF Diallo, A. LeBlanc, B. P. Labik, G. Stevens, D. TI Prospects for the Thomson scattering system on NSTX-Upgrade SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY MAY 06-10, 2012 CL Monterey, CA AB The paper discusses the projected configuration of the Thomson system on the National Spherical Torus Experiment (NSTX-U). In this paper, we discuss the projected configuration of the Thomson system on NSTX-U. More specifically, we determine, through both optical modeling of the collection optics and in-vessel measurements, that the collecting fibers are to be displaced by at most 1 cm toward the imaging plane along the optical axis. Finally, we estimate the performance of the Thomson system in measuring the electron temperature for NSTX-U discharges. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4740267] C1 [Diallo, A.; LeBlanc, B. P.; Labik, G.; Stevens, D.] Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Diallo, A (reprint author), Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. EM adiallo@pppl.gov RI Diallo, Ahmed/M-7792-2013 NR 5 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 83 IS 10 AR 10D532 DI 10.1063/1.4740267 PN 2 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 043RB UT WOS:000311562900051 PM 23126871 ER PT J AU Doppner, T Dewald, EL Divol, L Thomas, CA Burns, S Celliers, PM Izumi, N Kline, JL LaCaille, G McNaney, JM Prasad, RR Robey, HF Glenzer, SH Landen, OL AF Doeppner, T. Dewald, E. L. Divol, L. Thomas, C. A. Burns, S. Celliers, P. M. Izumi, N. Kline, J. L. LaCaille, G. McNaney, J. M. Prasad, R. R. Robey, H. F. Glenzer, S. H. Landen, O. L. TI Hard x-ray (> 100 keV) imager to measure hot electron preheat for indirectly driven capsule implosions on the NIF SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY MAY 06-10, 2012 CL Monterey, CA AB We have fielded a hard x-ray (>100 keV) imager with high aspect ratio pinholes to measure the spatially resolved bremsstrahlung emission from energetic electrons slowing in a plastic ablator shell during indirectly driven implosions at the National Ignition Facility. These electrons are generated in laser plasma interactions and are a source of preheat to the deuterium-tritium fuel. First measurements show that hot electron preheat does not limit obtaining the fuel areal densities required for ignition and burn. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4731742] C1 [Doeppner, T.; Dewald, E. L.; Divol, L.; Thomas, C. A.; Burns, S.; Celliers, P. M.; Izumi, N.; LaCaille, G.; McNaney, J. M.; Prasad, R. R.; Robey, H. F.; Glenzer, S. H.; Landen, O. L.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. [Kline, J. L.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Doppner, T (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM doeppner1@llnl.gov RI McNaney, James/F-5258-2013; IZUMI, Nobuhiko/J-8487-2016; OI IZUMI, Nobuhiko/0000-0003-1114-597X; Kline, John/0000-0002-2271-9919 NR 13 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 15 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 83 IS 10 AR 10E508 DI 10.1063/1.4731742 PN 2 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 043RB UT WOS:000311562900205 PM 23127015 ER PT J AU Donaldson, WR Zhao, C Ji, L Roides, RG Miller, K Beeman, B AF Donaldson, W. R. Zhao, C. Ji, L. Roides, R. G. Miller, K. Beeman, B. TI A single-shot, multiwavelength electro-optic data-acquisition system for inertial confinement fusion applications (invited) SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY MAY 06-10, 2012 CL Monterey, CA ID NATIONAL-IGNITION-FACILITY AB Electro-optic data-acquisition systems encode the output from voltage-history diagnostics onto optical signals. The optical signals can propagate long distances over fiber-optic links without degrading the bandwidth of the encoded signal while protecting the recording electronics from overvoltage damage. The sinusoidal response and tolerance to high-input voltages of the Mach-Zehnder modulator used for the encoding leads to the additional advantage of a high dynamic range and a reduced need for manually swapping attenuators. We have demonstrated a single-shot, electro-optic data-acquisition system with a 600: 1 dynamic range. This system provides optical isolation and a bandwidth of 6 GHz. The prototype system uses multiple optical wavelengths to allow for the multiplexing of up to eight signals onto one photodetector. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4742013] C1 [Donaldson, W. R.; Zhao, C.; Ji, L.; Roides, R. G.] Univ Rochester, Laser Energet Lab, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. [Miller, K.] Natl Secur Technol, Santa Barbara, CA 93111 USA. [Beeman, B.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Donaldson, WR (reprint author), Univ Rochester, Laser Energet Lab, 250 E River Rd, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. EM billd@lle.rochester.edu NR 7 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 8 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 83 IS 10 AR 10D726 DI 10.1063/1.4742013 PN 2 PG 6 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 043RB UT WOS:000311562900082 PM 23126900 ER PT J AU Dunn, J Steel, AB AF Dunn, J. Steel, A. B. TI Absolute determination of charge-coupled device quantum detection efficiency using Si K-edge x-ray absorption fine structure SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY MAY 06-10, 2012 CL Monterey, CA ID CALIBRATION AB We report a method to determine the quantum detection efficiency and the absorbing layers on a front-illuminated charge-coupled device (CCD). The CCD under study, as part of a crystal spectrometer, measures intense continuum x-ray emission from a picosecond laser-produced plasma and spectrally resolves the Si K-edge x-ray absorption fine structure due to the electrode structure of the device. The CCD response across the Si K-edge shows a large discontinuity as well as a number of oscillations that are identified individually and uniquely from Si, SiO2, and Si3N4 layers. From the spectral analysis of the structure and K-edge discontinuity, the active layer thickness and the different absorbing layers thickness can be determined precisely. A precise CCD detection model from 0.2 to 10 keV can be deduced from this highly sensitive technique. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4738659] C1 [Dunn, J.; Steel, A. B.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Steel, A. B.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Appl Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Dunn, J (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 808, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM dunn6@llnl.gov NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 83 IS 10 AR 10E120 DI 10.1063/1.4738659 PN 2 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 043RB UT WOS:000311562900128 PM 23126942 ER PT J AU Edgell, DH Bradley, DK Bond, EJ Burns, S Callahan, DA Celeste, J Eckart, MJ Glebov, VY Hey, DS Lacaille, G Kilkenny, JD Kimbrough, J Mackinnon, AJ Magoon, J Parker, J Sangster, TC Shoup, MJ Stoeckl, C Thomas, T MacPhee, A AF Edgell, D. H. Bradley, D. K. Bond, E. J. Burns, S. Callahan, D. A. Celeste, J. Eckart, M. J. Glebov, V. Yu. Hey, D. S. Lacaille, G. Kilkenny, J. D. Kimbrough, J. Mackinnon, A. J. Magoon, J. Parker, J. Sangster, T. C. Shoup, M. J., III Stoeckl, C. Thomas, T. MacPhee, A. TI South pole bang-time diagnostic on the National Ignition Facility (invited) SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY MAY 06-10, 2012 CL Monterey, CA ID INERTIAL CONFINEMENT FUSION; DIAMOND AB The south pole bang-time diagnostic views National Ignition Facility (NIF) implosions through the lower Hohlraum laser entrance hole to measure the time of peak x-ray emission (peak compression) in indirect-drive implosions. Five chemical-vapor-deposition diamond photoconductive detectors with different filtrations and sensitivities record the time-varying x rays emitted by the target. Wavelength selecting highly oriented pyrolytic graphite crystal mirror monochromators increase the x-ray signal-to-background ratio by filtering for 11-keV emission. Diagnostic timing and the in situ temporal instrument response function are determined from laser impulse shots on the NIF. After signal deconvolution and background removal, the bang time is determined to 45-ps accuracy. The x-ray "yield" (mJ/sr/keV at 11 keV) is determined from the time integral of the corrected peak signal. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4731756] C1 [Edgell, D. H.; Glebov, V. Yu.; Magoon, J.; Sangster, T. C.; Shoup, M. J., III; Stoeckl, C.] Univ Rochester, Laser Energet Lab, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. [Bradley, D. K.; Bond, E. J.; Burns, S.; Callahan, D. A.; Celeste, J.; Eckart, M. J.; Hey, D. S.; Lacaille, G.; Kimbrough, J.; Mackinnon, A. J.; Parker, J.; Thomas, T.; MacPhee, A.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Kilkenny, J. D.] Gen Atom Co, San Diego, CA 92121 USA. RP Edgell, DH (reprint author), Univ Rochester, Laser Energet Lab, 250 E River Rd, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. EM dedg@lle.rochester.edu RI MacKinnon, Andrew/P-7239-2014 OI MacKinnon, Andrew/0000-0002-4380-2906 NR 21 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 83 IS 10 AR 10E119 DI 10.1063/1.4731756 PN 2 PG 6 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 043RB UT WOS:000311562900127 PM 23126941 ER PT J AU Fisher, JH Newlander, CD Horton, R Fournier, KB Emig, J Patterson, R Davis, JF Seiler, S Jenkins, PP AF Fisher, J. H. Newlander, C. D. Horton, R. Fournier, K. B. Emig, J. Patterson, R. Davis, J. F. Seiler, S. Jenkins, P. P. TI Radiochromic film measurement of spatial uniformity for a laser generated x-ray environment SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY MAY 06-10, 2012 CL Monterey, CA AB An existing x-ray source application (XRSA) test cassette was modified to hold multiple x-ray filter materials followed by two radiochromic film types (FWT-60 and HD-810 Gafchromic (R) film) to qualitatively characterize the spectral-spatial uniformity over the XRSA sample field of view. Multiple sets of film were examined and nominal set was determined. These initial, qualitative measurements suggest a low-energy regime (E < 3 keV) spatial anisotropy and spatial isotropy at higher energies (E > 3 keV). (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4746811] C1 [Fisher, J. H.; Newlander, C. D.] Fifth Gait Technol Inc, Huntsville, AL 35803 USA. [Horton, R.] Gray Res Inc, Huntsville, AL 35806 USA. [Fournier, K. B.; Emig, J.; Patterson, R.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. [Davis, J. F.; Seiler, S.] Alme & Associates, Alexandria, VA 22303 USA. [Jenkins, P. P.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Fisher, JH (reprint author), Fifth Gait Technol Inc, Huntsville, AL 35803 USA. EM Jonathan@5thGait.com NR 8 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 83 IS 10 AR 10E137 DI 10.1063/1.4746811 PN 2 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 043RB UT WOS:000311562900145 PM 23126958 ER PT J AU Fournier, KB Rekow, V Emig, J Fisher, JH Newlander, CD Horton, R Davis, J AF Fournier, K. B. Rekow, V. Emig, J. Fisher, J. H. Newlander, C. D. Horton, R. Davis, J. TI The x-ray source application test cassette for radiation exposures at the OMEGA laser SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY MAY 06-10, 2012 CL Monterey, CA ID SYSTEM AB We have designed a sample cassette that can be used to position up to six samples in the OMEGA laser chamber. The cassette accommodates round samples up to 38.1 mm (1.5 '') in diameter and square samples up to 27 mm on a side, any of which can be up to 12.7 mm thick. Smaller specimens are centered with spacers. The test cassette allows each sample to have a unique filter scheme, with multiple filter regions in front of each sample. This paper will present mechanical design considerations and operational aspects of the x-ray source application cassette. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4734036] C1 [Fournier, K. B.; Rekow, V.; Emig, J.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. [Fisher, J. H.; Newlander, C. D.] Fifth Gait Technol Inc, Huntsville, AL 35803 USA. [Horton, R.] Gray Res Inc, Huntsville, AL 35806 USA. [Davis, J.] Def Threat Reduct Agcy, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. RP Fournier, KB (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM fournier2@llnl.gov NR 10 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 83 IS 10 AR 10E136 DI 10.1063/1.4734036 PN 2 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 043RB UT WOS:000311562900144 PM 23126957 ER PT J AU Froula, DH Boni, R Bedzyk, M Craxton, RS Ehrne, F Ivancic, S Jungquist, R Shoup, MJ Theobald, W Weiner, D Kugland, NL Rushford, MC AF Froula, D. H. Boni, R. Bedzyk, M. Craxton, R. S. Ehrne, F. Ivancic, S. Jungquist, R. Shoup, M. J. Theobald, W. Weiner, D. Kugland, N. L. Rushford, M. C. TI Optical diagnostic suite (schlieren, interferometry, and grid image refractometry) on OMEGA EP using a 10-ps, 263-nm probe beam SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY MAY 06-10, 2012 CL Monterey, CA AB A 10-ps, 263-nm (4 omega) laser is being built to probe plasmas produced on the OMEGA EP [J. H. Kelly, L. J. Waxer, V. Bagnoud, I. A. Begishev, J. Bromage, B. E. Kruschwitz, T. E. Kessler, S. J. Loucks, D. N. Maywar, R. L. McCrory et al., J. Phys. IV France 133, 75-80 (2006)]. A suite of optical diagnostics (schlieren, interferometry, and grid image refractometry) has been designed to diagnose and characterize a wide variety of plasmas. Light scattered by the probe beam is collected by an f/4 catadioptric telescope and a transport system is designed to image with a near-diffraction-limited resolution (similar to 1 - mu m full width at half maximum) over a 5-mm field of view to a diagnostic table. The transport system provides a contrast greater than 1 : 10(4) with respect to all wavelengths outside of the 263 +/- 2 nm measurement range. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4733739] C1 [Froula, D. H.; Boni, R.; Bedzyk, M.; Craxton, R. S.; Ehrne, F.; Ivancic, S.; Jungquist, R.; Shoup, M. J.; Theobald, W.; Weiner, D.] Univ Rochester, Laser Energet Lab, Rochester, NY 14616 USA. [Kugland, N. L.; Rushford, M. C.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Froula, DH (reprint author), Univ Rochester, Laser Energet Lab, 250 E River Rd, Rochester, NY 14616 USA. NR 6 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 83 IS 10 AR 10E523 DI 10.1063/1.4733739 PN 2 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 043RB UT WOS:000311562900220 PM 23127030 ER PT J AU Gamboa, EJ Huntington, CM Trantham, MR Keiter, PA Drake, RP Montgomery, DS Benage, JF Letzring, SA AF Gamboa, E. J. Huntington, C. M. Trantham, M. R. Keiter, P. A. Drake, R. P. Montgomery, D. S. Benage, J. F. Letzring, S. A. TI Imaging x-ray Thomson scattering spectrometer design and demonstration (invited) SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY MAY 06-10, 2012 CL Monterey, CA ID LASER; FLUORESCENCE AB In many laboratory astrophysics experiments, intense laser irradiation creates novel material conditions with large, one-dimensional gradients in the temperature, density, and ionization state. X-ray Thomson scattering is a powerful technique for measuring these plasma parameters. However, the scattered signal has previously been measured with little or no spatial resolution, which limits the ability to diagnose inhomogeneous plasmas. We report on the development of a new imaging x-ray Thomson spectrometer (IXTS) for the Omega laser facility. The diffraction of x-rays from a toroidally curved crystal creates high-resolution images that are spatially resolved along a one-dimensional profile while spectrally dispersing the radiation. This focusing geometry allows for high brightness while localizing noise sources and improving the linearity of the dispersion. Preliminary results are presented from a scattering experiment that used the IXTS to measure the temperature profile of a shocked carbon foam. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4731755] C1 [Gamboa, E. J.; Huntington, C. M.; Trantham, M. R.; Keiter, P. A.; Drake, R. P.] Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA. [Montgomery, D. S.; Benage, J. F.; Letzring, S. A.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Gamboa, EJ (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA. EM eliseo@umich.edu RI Keiter, Paul/J-3037-2013; Drake, R Paul/I-9218-2012 OI Drake, R Paul/0000-0002-5450-9844 NR 24 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 22 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 83 IS 10 AR 10E108 DI 10.1063/1.4731755 PN 2 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 043RB UT WOS:000311562900116 PM 23126930 ER PT J AU Glebov, VY Forrest, C Knauer, JP Pruyne, A Romanofsky, M Sangster, TC Shoup, MJ Stoeckl, C Caggiano, JA Carman, ML Clancy, TJ Hatarik, R McNaney, J Zaitseva, NP AF Glebov, V. Yu. Forrest, C. Knauer, J. P. Pruyne, A. Romanofsky, M. Sangster, T. C. Shoup, M. J., III Stoeckl, C. Caggiano, J. A. Carman, M. L. Clancy, T. J. Hatarik, R. McNaney, J. Zaitseva, N. P. TI Testing a new NIF neutron time-of-flight detector with a bibenzyl scintillator on OMEGA SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY MAY 06-10, 2012 CL Monterey, CA AB A new neutron time-of-flight (nTOF) detector with a bibenzyl crystal as a scintillator has been designed and manufactured for the National Ignition Facility (NIF). This detector will replace a nTOF20-Spec detector with an oxygenated xylene scintillator currently operational on the NIF to improve the areal-density measurements. In addition to areal density, the bibenzyl detector will measure the D-D and D-T neutron yield and the ion temperature of indirect-and direct-drive-implosion experiments. The design of the bibenzyl detector and results of tests on the OMEGA Laser System are presented. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4731001] C1 [Glebov, V. Yu.; Forrest, C.; Knauer, J. P.; Pruyne, A.; Romanofsky, M.; Sangster, T. C.; Shoup, M. J., III; Stoeckl, C.] Univ Rochester, Laser Energet Lab, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. [Caggiano, J. A.; Carman, M. L.; Clancy, T. J.; Hatarik, R.; McNaney, J.; Zaitseva, N. P.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Glebov, VY (reprint author), Univ Rochester, Laser Energet Lab, 250 E River Rd, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. EM vgle@lle.rochester.edu RI McNaney, James/F-5258-2013 NR 7 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 19 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 83 IS 10 AR 10D309 DI 10.1063/1.4731001 PN 2 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 043RB UT WOS:000311562900010 PM 23126836 ER PT J AU Glenn, SM Benedetti, LR Bradley, DK Hammel, BA Izumi, N Khan, SF Kyrala, GA Ma, T Milovich, JL Pak, AE Smalyuk, VA Tommasini, R Town, RP AF Glenn, S. M. Benedetti, L. R. Bradley, D. K. Hammel, B. A. Izumi, N. Khan, S. F. Kyrala, G. A. Ma, T. Milovich, J. L. Pak, A. E. Smalyuk, V. A. Tommasini, R. Town, R. P. TI Extracting core shape from x-ray images at the National Ignition Facility SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY MAY 06-10, 2012 CL Monterey, CA ID FUSION AB Measuring the shape of implosions is critical to inertial confinement fusion experiments at the National Ignition Facility. We have developed techniques that have proven successful for extracting shape information from images of x-ray self-emission recorded by a variety of diagnostic instruments for both DT-filled targets and low-yield surrogates. These key results help determine optimal laser and target parameters leading to ignition. We have compensated for instrumental response and have employed a variety of image processing methods to remove artifacts from the images while retaining salient features. The implosion shape has been characterized by decomposing intensity contours into Fourier and Legendre modes for different lines of sight. We also describe procedures we have developed for estimating uncertainties in these measurements. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4731743] C1 [Glenn, S. M.; Benedetti, L. R.; Bradley, D. K.; Hammel, B. A.; Izumi, N.; Khan, S. F.; Ma, T.; Milovich, J. L.; Pak, A. E.; Smalyuk, V. A.; Tommasini, R.; Town, R. P.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94555 USA. [Kyrala, G. A.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. RP Glenn, SM (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94555 USA. EM glenn21@llnl.gov RI Ma, Tammy/F-3133-2013; IZUMI, Nobuhiko/J-8487-2016; Tommasini, Riccardo/A-8214-2009 OI Ma, Tammy/0000-0002-6657-9604; IZUMI, Nobuhiko/0000-0003-1114-597X; Tommasini, Riccardo/0000-0002-1070-3565 NR 9 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 83 IS 10 AR 10E519 DI 10.1063/1.4731743 PN 2 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 043RB UT WOS:000311562900216 PM 23127026 ER PT J AU Gomez, MR Rochau, GA Bailey, JE Dunham, GS Kernaghan, MD Gard, P Robertson, GK Owen, AC Argo, JW Nielsen, DS Lake, PW AF Gomez, M. R. Rochau, G. A. Bailey, J. E. Dunham, G. S. Kernaghan, M. D. Gard, P. Robertson, G. K. Owen, A. C. Argo, J. W. Nielsen, D. S. Lake, P. W. TI Pinned, optically aligned diagnostic dock for use on the Z facility SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY MAY 06-10, 2012 CL Monterey, CA ID PHYSICS; DRIVEN; NEON AB The pinned optically aligned diagnostic dock (PODD) is a multi-configuration diagnostic platform designed to measure x-ray emission on the Z facility. The PODD houses two plasma emission acquisition (PEA) systems, which are aligned with a set of precision machined pins. The PEA systems are modular, allowing a single diagnostic housing to support several different diagnostics. The PEA configurations fielded to date include both time-resolved and time-integrated, 1D spatially resolving, elliptical crystal spectrometers, and time-integrated, 1D spatially resolving, convex crystal spectrometers. Additional proposed configurations include time-resolved, monochromatic mirrored pinhole imagers and arrays of filtered x-ray diodes, diamond photo-conducting diode detectors, and bolometers. The versatility of the PODD system will allow the diagnostic configuration of the Z facility to be changed without significantly adding to the turn-around time of the machine. Additionally, the PODD has been designed to allow instrument setup to be completed entirely off-line, leaving only a refined alignment process to be performed just prior to a shot, which is a significant improvement over the instrument the PODD replaces. Example data collected with the PODD are presented. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4732848] C1 [Gomez, M. R.; Rochau, G. A.; Bailey, J. E.; Dunham, G. S.; Kernaghan, M. D.; Robertson, G. K.; Owen, A. C.; Argo, J. W.; Nielsen, D. S.; Lake, P. W.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Gard, P.] Paul Gard Design, Albuquerque, NM 87123 USA. RP Gomez, MR (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM mrgomez@sandia.gov NR 12 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 83 IS 10 AR 10D714 DI 10.1063/1.4732848 PN 2 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 043RB UT WOS:000311562900070 PM 23126888 ER PT J AU Gostic, JM Shaughnessy, DA Moore, KT Hutcheon, ID Grant, PM Moody, KJ AF Gostic, J. M. Shaughnessy, D. A. Moore, K. T. Hutcheon, I. D. Grant, P. M. Moody, K. J. TI Solid debris collection for radiochemical diagnostics at the National Ignition Facility SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY MAY 06-10, 2012 CL Monterey, CA AB Radiochemical analysis of post-ignition debris inside the National Ignition Facility (NIF) target chamber can help determine various diagnostic parameters associated with the implosion efficiency of the fusion capsule. This technique is limited by the ability to distinguish ablator material from other debris and by the collection efficiency of the capsule debris after implosion. Prior to designing an online collection system, the chemical nature and distribution of the debris inside the chamber must be determined. The focus of our current work has been on evaluating capture of activated Au hohlraum debris on passive foils (5 cm diameter, 50 cm from target center) post-shot. Preliminary data suggest that debris distribution is locally heterogeneous along the equatorial and polar line-of-sights. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4732856] C1 [Gostic, J. M.; Shaughnessy, D. A.; Moore, K. T.; Hutcheon, I. D.; Grant, P. M.; Moody, K. J.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Gostic, JM (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, 7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM gostic1@llnl.gov NR 8 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 16 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 83 IS 10 AR 10D904 DI 10.1063/1.4732856 PN 2 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 043RB UT WOS:000311562900092 PM 23126908 ER PT J AU Gray, TK Biewer, TM Boyle, DP Granstedt, EM Kaita, R Maingi, R Majeski, RP AF Gray, T. K. Biewer, T. M. Boyle, D. P. Granstedt, E. M. Kaita, R. Maingi, R. Majeski, R. P. TI Spectral emission measurements of lithium on the lithium tokamak experiment SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY MAY 06-10, 2012 CL Monterey, CA AB There has been a long-standing collaboration between ORNL and PPPL on edge and boundary layer physics. As part of this collaboration, ORNL has a large role in the instrumentation and interpretation of edge physics in the lithium tokamak experiment (LTX). In particular, a charge exchange recombination spectroscopy (CHERS) diagnostic is being designed and undergoing staged testing on LTX. Here we present results of passively measured lithium emission at 5166.89 angstrom in LTX in anticipation of active spectroscopy measurements, which will be enabled by the installation of a neutral beam in 2013. Preliminary measurements are made in transient LTX plasmas with plasma current, I-p < 70 kA, ohmic heating power, P-oh similar to 0.3 MW and discharge lifetimes of 10-15 ms. Measurements are made with a short focal length spectrometer and optics similar to the CHERS diagnostics on NSTX [R. E. Bell, Rev. Sci. Instrum. 68(2), 1273-1280 (1997)]. These preliminary measurements suggest that even without the neutral beam for active spectroscopy, there is sufficient passive lithium emission to allow for line-of-sight profile measurements of ion temperature, T-i; toroidal velocity and v(t). Results show peak T-i = 70 eV and peak v(t) = 45 km/s were reached 10 ms into the discharge. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4746812] C1 [Gray, T. K.; Biewer, T. M.; Maingi, R.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Boyle, D. P.; Granstedt, E. M.; Kaita, R.; Majeski, R. P.] Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Gray, TK (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM tkgray@pppl.gov RI Boyle, Dennis/B-8676-2011 OI Boyle, Dennis/0000-0001-8091-8169 NR 12 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 12 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 83 IS 10 AR 10D537 DI 10.1063/1.4746812 PN 2 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 043RB UT WOS:000311562900056 PM 23126874 ER PT J AU Grierson, BA Burrell, KH Chrystal, C Groebner, RJ Kaplan, DH Heidbrink, WW Burgos, JMM Pablant, NA Solomon, WM Van Zeeland, MA AF Grierson, B. A. Burrell, K. H. Chrystal, C. Groebner, R. J. Kaplan, D. H. Heidbrink, W. W. Burgos, J. M. Munoz Pablant, N. A. Solomon, W. M. Van Zeeland, M. A. TI Active spectroscopic measurements of the bulk deuterium properties in the DIII-D tokamak (invited) SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY MAY 06-10, 2012 CL Monterey, CA ID EXCHANGE RECOMBINATION SPECTROSCOPY; PLASMA; VELOCITY; RATES; CODE AB The neutral-beam induced D-alpha emission spectrum contains a wealth of information such as deuterium ion temperature, toroidal rotation, density, beam emission intensity, beam neutral density, and local magnetic field strength magnitude vertical bar B vertical bar from the Stark-split beam emission spectrum, and fast-ion D-alpha emission (FIDA) proportional to the beam-injected fast ion density. A comprehensive spectral fitting routine which accounts for all photoemission processes is employed for the spectral analysis. Interpretation of the measurements to determine physically relevant plasma parameters is assisted by the use of an optimized viewing geometry and forward modeling of the emission spectra using a Monte-Carlo 3D simulation code. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4739239] C1 [Grierson, B. A.; Pablant, N. A.; Solomon, W. M.] Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. [Burrell, K. H.; Groebner, R. J.; Kaplan, D. H.; Van Zeeland, M. A.] Gen Atom Co, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. [Chrystal, C.] Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Heidbrink, W. W.] Univ Calif Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. [Burgos, J. M. Munoz] Oak Ridge Inst Sci Educ, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Grierson, BA (reprint author), Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. EM bgriers@pppl.gov OI Solomon, Wayne/0000-0002-0902-9876 NR 25 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 20 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 83 IS 10 AR 10D529 DI 10.1063/1.4739239 PN 2 PG 6 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 043RB UT WOS:000311562900048 PM 23126869 ER PT J AU Guler, N Volegov, P Danly, CR Grim, GP Merrill, FE Wilde, CH AF Guler, N. Volegov, P. Danly, C. R. Grim, G. P. Merrill, F. E. Wilde, C. H. TI Simultaneous usage of pinhole and penumbral apertures for imaging small scale neutron sources from inertial confinement fusion experiments SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY MAY 06-10, 2012 CL Monterey, CA AB Inertial confinement fusion experiments at the National Ignition Facility are designed to understand the basic principles of creating self-sustaining fusion reactions by laser driven compression of deuterium-tritium (DT) filled cryogenic plastic capsules. The neutron imaging diagnostic provides information on the distribution of the central fusion reaction region and the surrounding DT fuel by observing neutron images in two different energy bands for primary (13-17 MeV) and down-scattered (6-12 MeV) neutrons. From this, the final shape and size of the compressed capsule can be estimated and the symmetry of the compression can be inferred. These experiments provide small sources with high yield neutron flux. An aperture design that includes an array of pinholes and penumbral apertures has provided the opportunity to image the same source with two different techniques. This allows for an evaluation of these different aperture designs and reconstruction algorithms. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4746745] C1 [Guler, N.; Volegov, P.; Danly, C. R.; Grim, G. P.; Merrill, F. E.; Wilde, C. H.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Guler, N (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM nguler@lanl.gov OI Merrill, Frank/0000-0003-0603-735X NR 9 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 EI 1089-7623 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 83 IS 10 AR 10D316 DI 10.1063/1.4746745 PN 2 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 043RB UT WOS:000311562900017 PM 23126842 ER PT J AU Hahn, KD Ruiz, CL Cooper, GW Nelson, AJ Chandler, GA Leeper, RJ McWatters, BR Smelser, RM Torres, JA AF Hahn, K. D. Ruiz, C. L. Cooper, G. W. Nelson, A. J. Chandler, G. A. Leeper, R. J. McWatters, B. R. Smelser, R. M. Torres, J. A. TI Calibration of neutron-yield diagnostics in attenuating and scattering environments SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY MAY 06-10, 2012 CL Monterey, CA AB We have performed absolute calibrations of a fusion-neutron-yield copper-activation diagnostic in environments that significantly attenuate and scatter neutrons. We have measured attenuation and scattering effects and have compared the measurements to Monte Carlo simulations using the Monte Carlo N-Particle code. We find that measurements and simulations are consistent within 10%. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4732067] C1 [Hahn, K. D.; Ruiz, C. L.; Chandler, G. A.; Leeper, R. J.; McWatters, B. R.; Smelser, R. M.; Torres, J. A.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87111 USA. [Cooper, G. W.; Nelson, A. J.] Univ New Mexico, Dept Chem & Nucl Engn, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. RP Hahn, KD (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87111 USA. EM kdhahn@sandia.gov NR 10 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 83 IS 10 AR 10D914 DI 10.1063/1.4732067 PN 2 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 043RB UT WOS:000311562900102 PM 23126917 ER PT J AU Hatarik, R Bernstein, LA Caggiano, JA Carman, ML Schneider, DHG Zaitseva, NP Wiedeking, M AF Hatarik, R. Bernstein, L. A. Caggiano, J. A. Carman, M. L. Schneider, D. H. G. Zaitseva, N. P. Wiedeking, M. TI Characterizing time decay of bibenzyl scintillator using time correlated single photon counting SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY MAY 06-10, 2012 CL Monterey, CA AB The time decay of several scintillation materials has been measured using the time correlated single photon counting method and a new organic crystal with a highly suppressed delayed light has been identified. Results comparing the light decay of the bibenzyl crystal with a xylene based detector, which is currently installed at National Ignition Facility will be presented. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4732178] C1 [Hatarik, R.; Bernstein, L. A.; Caggiano, J. A.; Carman, M. L.; Schneider, D. H. G.; Zaitseva, N. P.; Wiedeking, M.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Wiedeking, M.] iThemba LABS, ZA-7129 Somerset W, South Africa. RP Hatarik, R (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM rhatarik@lbl.gov NR 3 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 16 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 83 IS 10 AR 10D911 DI 10.1063/1.4732178 PN 2 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 043RB UT WOS:000311562900099 PM 23126914 ER PT J AU Haugh, MJ Regan, SP Jacoby, KD Ross, PW Magoon, J Barrios, MA Emig, JA Shoup, MJ Fournier, KB AF Haugh, M. J. Regan, S. P. Jacoby, K. D. Ross, P. W. Magoon, J. Barrios, M. A. Emig, J. A. Shoup, M. J., III Fournier, K. B. TI Integrated x-ray reflectivity measurements of elliptically curved pentaerythritol crystals SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY MAY 06-10, 2012 CL Monterey, CA AB The elliptically curved pentaerythritol (PET) crystals used in the Supersnout 2 x-ray spectrometer on the National Ignition Facility at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory have been calibrated photometrically in the range of 5.5-16 keV. The elliptical geometry provides broad spectral coverage and minimizes the degradation of spectral resolution due to the finite source size. The reflectivity curve of the crystals was measured using a x-ray line source. The integrated reflectivity (R-I) and width of its curve (Delta Theta) were the measurements of major interest. The former gives the spectrometer throughput, and the latter gives the spectrometer resolving power. Both parameters are found to vary considerably with the radius of curvature of the crystal and with spectral energy. The results are attributed to an enhanced mosaic effect due to the increase in curvature. There are also contributions from the crystal cleaving and gluing processes. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4738748] C1 [Haugh, M. J.; Jacoby, K. D.; Ross, P. W.] Natl Secur Technol LLC, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. [Regan, S. P.; Magoon, J.; Shoup, M. J., III] Univ Rochester, Laser Energet Lab, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. [Barrios, M. A.; Emig, J. A.; Fournier, K. B.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Haugh, MJ (reprint author), Natl Secur Technol LLC, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM haughmj@nv.doe.gov NR 6 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 12 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 83 IS 10 AR 10E122 DI 10.1063/1.4738748 PN 2 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 043RB UT WOS:000311562900130 PM 23126944 ER PT J AU Heidbrink, WW Bortolon, A Muscatello, CM Ruskov, E Grierson, BA Podesta, M AF Heidbrink, W. W. Bortolon, A. Muscatello, C. M. Ruskov, E. Grierson, B. A. Podesta, M. TI Calibration techniques for fast-ion D-alpha diagnostics SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY MAY 06-10, 2012 CL Monterey, CA ID CODE AB Fast-ion D-alpha measurements are an application of visible charge-exchange recombination (CER) spectroscopy that provide information about the energetic ion population. Like other CER diagnostics, the standard intensity calibration is obtained with an integrating sphere during a vacuum vessel opening. An alternative approach is to create plasmas where the fast-ion population is known, then calculate the expected signals with a synthetic diagnostic code. The two methods sometimes agree well but are discrepant in other cases. Different background subtraction techniques and simultaneous measurements of visible bremsstrahlung and of beam emission provide useful checks on the calibrations and calculations. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4732060] C1 [Heidbrink, W. W.; Bortolon, A.; Muscatello, C. M.; Ruskov, E.] Univ Calif Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. [Grierson, B. A.; Podesta, M.] Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Heidbrink, WW (reprint author), Univ Calif Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. EM bill.heidbrink@uci.edu NR 9 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 EI 1089-7623 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 83 IS 10 AR 10D903 DI 10.1063/1.4732060 PN 2 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 043RB UT WOS:000311562900091 PM 23126907 ER PT J AU Hill, KW Bitter, M Delgado-Aparacio, L Pablant, NA Beiersdorfer, P Schneider, M Widmann, K del Rio, MS Zhang, L AF Hill, K. W. Bitter, M. Delgado-Aparacio, L. Pablant, N. A. Beiersdorfer, P. Schneider, M. Widmann, K. del Rio, M. Sanchez Zhang, L. TI Application of spatially resolved high resolution crystal spectrometry to inertial confinement fusion plasmas SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY MAY 06-10, 2012 CL Monterey, CA AB High resolution (lambda/Delta lambda similar to 10 000) 1D imaging x-ray spectroscopy using a spherically bent crystal and a 2D hybrid pixel array detector is used world wide for Doppler measurements of ion-temperature and plasma flow-velocity profiles in magnetic confinement fusion plasmas. Meter sized plasmas are diagnosed with cm spatial resolution and 10 ms time resolution. This concept can also be used as a diagnostic of small sources, such as inertial confinement fusion plasmas and targets on x-ray light source beam lines, with spatial resolution of micrometers, as demonstrated by laboratory experiments using a 250-mu m Fe-55 source, and by ray-tracing calculations. Throughput calculations agree with measurements, and predict detector counts in the range 10(-8)-10(-6) times source x-rays, depending on crystal reflectivity and spectrometer geometry. Results of the lab demonstrations, application of the technique to the National Ignition Facility (NIF), and predictions of performance on NIF will be presented. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4738651] C1 [Hill, K. W.; Bitter, M.; Delgado-Aparacio, L.; Pablant, N. A.] Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. [Beiersdorfer, P.; Schneider, M.; Widmann, K.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Div Phys, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [del Rio, M. Sanchez] European Synchrotron Radiat Facil, F-38043 Grenoble, France. [Zhang, L.] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Plasma Phys, Hefei 230031, Peoples R China. RP Hill, KW (reprint author), Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. EM khill@pppl.gov NR 19 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 15 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 83 IS 10 AR 10E125 DI 10.1063/1.4738651 PN 2 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 043RB UT WOS:000311562900133 PM 23126946 ER PT J AU Huntington, CM Kuranz, CC Malamud, G Drake, RP Park, HS Maddox, BR AF Huntington, C. M. Kuranz, C. C. Malamud, G. Drake, R. P. Park, H. -S. Maddox, B. R. TI Spectral analysis of x-ray emission created by intense laser irradiation of copper materials SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY MAY 06-10, 2012 CL Monterey, CA ID SOLID INTERACTIONS AB We have measured the x-ray emission, primarily from K-alpha, K-beta, and He-alpha lines, of elemental copper foil and "foam" targets irradiated with a mid-10(16) W/cm(2) laser pulse. The copper foam at 0.1 times solid density is observed to produce 50% greater He-alpha line emission than copper foil, and the measured signal is well-fit by a sum of three synthetic spectra generated by the atomic physics code FLYCHK. Additionally, spectra from both targets reveal characteristic inner shell K-alpha transitions from hot electron interaction with the bulk copper. However, only the larger-volume foam target produced significant K-beta radiation, confirming a lower bulk temperature in the higher volume sample. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4732181] C1 [Huntington, C. M.; Kuranz, C. C.; Malamud, G.; Drake, R. P.] Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48103 USA. [Malamud, G.] Nucl Res Ctr Negev, Dept Phys, IL-84190 Beer Sheva, Israel. [Park, H. -S.; Maddox, B. R.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Huntington, CM (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48103 USA. RI Drake, R Paul/I-9218-2012 OI Drake, R Paul/0000-0002-5450-9844 NR 13 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 12 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 83 IS 10 AR 10E114 DI 10.1063/1.4732181 PN 2 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 043RB UT WOS:000311562900122 PM 23126936 ER PT J AU Izumi, N Ma, T Barrios, M Benedetti, LR Callahan, D Cerjan, C Edwards, J Glenn, S Glenzer, S Kilkenny, J Kline, J Kyrala, G Landen, OL Regan, S Springer, P Suter, L Tommasini, R Town, R Mackinnon, AJ Bell, P Bradley, DK AF Izumi, N. Ma, T. Barrios, M. Benedetti, L. R. Callahan, D. Cerjan, C. Edwards, J. Glenn, S. Glenzer, S. Kilkenny, J. Kline, J. Kyrala, G. Landen, O. L. Regan, S. Springer, P. Suter, L. Tommasini, R. Town, R. Mackinnon, A. J. Bell, P. Bradley, D. K. TI Measurement of electron temperature of imploded capsules at the National Ignition Facility SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY MAY 06-10, 2012 CL Monterey, CA AB The electron and ion temperatures of the imploded core plasma are two of the most important metrics of inertial confinement fusion experiments. We have developed a technique for inferring electron temperatures from the contrast of x-ray images observed through a group of x-ray filters. Generally, the plasma electron temperature exhibits spatial and temporal variations, so time-averaged and time-resolved measurements are expected to yield somewhat different results. By analyzing the intensity of images observed with both a time-integrated detector (imaging plates) and a time-resolved detector (gated micro-channel plate), we found the electron temperature observed from x-ray images to be systematically higher than the ion temperature inferred from fusion neutron spectroscopy. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4738660] C1 [Izumi, N.; Ma, T.; Barrios, M.; Benedetti, L. R.; Callahan, D.; Cerjan, C.; Edwards, J.; Glenn, S.; Glenzer, S.; Landen, O. L.; Springer, P.; Suter, L.; Tommasini, R.; Town, R.; Mackinnon, A. J.; Bell, P.; Bradley, D. K.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Kilkenny, J.] Gen Atom Co, San Diego, CA 92121 USA. [Kline, J.; Kyrala, G.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Regan, S.] Univ Rochester, Laser Energet Lab, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. RP Izumi, N (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM izumi2@llnl.gov RI Ma, Tammy/F-3133-2013; MacKinnon, Andrew/P-7239-2014; IZUMI, Nobuhiko/J-8487-2016; Tommasini, Riccardo/A-8214-2009 OI Kline, John/0000-0002-2271-9919; Ma, Tammy/0000-0002-6657-9604; MacKinnon, Andrew/0000-0002-4380-2906; IZUMI, Nobuhiko/0000-0003-1114-597X; Tommasini, Riccardo/0000-0002-1070-3565 NR 5 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 12 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 83 IS 10 AR 10E121 DI 10.1063/1.4738660 PN 2 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 043RB UT WOS:000311562900129 PM 23126943 ER PT J AU Johnson, MG Frenje, JA Casey, DT Li, CK Seguin, FH Petrasso, R Ashabranner, R Bionta, RM Bleuel, DL Bond, EJ Caggiano, JA Carpenter, A Cerjan, CJ Clancy, TJ Doeppner, T Eckart, MJ Edwards, MJ Friedrich, S Glenzer, SH Haan, SW Hartouni, EP Hatarik, R Hatchett, SP Jones, OS Kyrala, G Le Pape, S Lerche, RA Landen, OL Ma, T MacKinnon, AJ McKernan, MA Moran, MJ Moses, E Munro, DH McNaney, J Park, HS Ralph, J Remington, B Rygg, JR Sepke, SM Smalyuk, V Spears, B Springer, PT Yeamans, CB Farrell, M Jasion, D Kilkenny, JD Nikroo, A Paguio, R Knauer, JP Glebov, VY Sangster, TC Betti, R Stoeckl, C Magoon, J Shoup, MJ Grim, GP Kline, J Morgan, GL Murphy, TJ Leeper, RJ Ruiz, CL Cooper, GW Nelson, AJ AF Johnson, M. Gatu Frenje, J. A. Casey, D. T. Li, C. K. Seguin, F. H. Petrasso, R. Ashabranner, R. Bionta, R. M. Bleuel, D. L. Bond, E. J. Caggiano, J. A. Carpenter, A. Cerjan, C. J. Clancy, T. J. Doeppner, T. Eckart, M. J. Edwards, M. J. Friedrich, S. Glenzer, S. H. Haan, S. W. Hartouni, E. P. Hatarik, R. Hatchett, S. P. Jones, O. S. Kyrala, G. Le Pape, S. Lerche, R. A. Landen, O. L. Ma, T. MacKinnon, A. J. McKernan, M. A. Moran, M. J. Moses, E. Munro, D. H. McNaney, J. Park, H. S. Ralph, J. Remington, B. Rygg, J. R. Sepke, S. M. Smalyuk, V. Spears, B. Springer, P. T. Yeamans, C. B. Farrell, M. Jasion, D. Kilkenny, J. D. Nikroo, A. Paguio, R. Knauer, J. P. Glebov, V. Yu Sangster, T. C. Betti, R. Stoeckl, C. Magoon, J. Shoup, M. J., III Grim, G. P. Kline, J. Morgan, G. L. Murphy, T. J. Leeper, R. J. Ruiz, C. L. Cooper, G. W. Nelson, A. J. TI Neutron spectrometry-An essential tool for diagnosing implosions at the National Ignition Facility (invited) SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY MAY 06-10, 2012 CL Monterey, CA AB DT neutron yield (Y-n), ion temperature (T-i), and down-scatter ratio (dsr) determined from measured neutron spectra are essential metrics for diagnosing the performance of inertial confinement fusion (ICF) implosions at the National Ignition Facility (NIF). A suite of neutron-time-of-flight (nTOF) spectrometers and a magnetic recoil spectrometer (MRS) have been implemented in different locations around the NIF target chamber, providing good implosion coverage and the complementarity required for reliable measurements of Y-n, T-i, and dsr. From the measured dsr value, an areal density (rho R) is determined through the relationship rho R-tot (g/cm(2)) = (20.4 +/- 0.6) x dsr(10-12 MeV). The proportionality constant is determined considering implosion geometry, neutron attenuation, and energy range used for the dsr measurement. To ensure high accuracy in the measurements, a series of commissioning experiments using exploding pushers have been used for in situ calibration of the as-built spectrometers, which are now performing to the required accuracy. Recent data obtained with the MRS and nTOFs indicate that the implosion performance of cryogenically layered DT implosions, characterized by the experimental ignition threshold factor (ITFx), which is a function of dsr (or fuel rho R) and Y-n, has improved almost two orders of magnitude since the first shot in September, 2010. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4728095] C1 [Johnson, M. Gatu; Frenje, J. A.; Casey, D. T.; Li, C. K.; Seguin, F. H.; Petrasso, R.] MIT, Plasma Sci & Fus Ctr, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Ashabranner, R.; Bionta, R. M.; Bleuel, D. L.; Bond, E. J.; Caggiano, J. A.; Carpenter, A.; Cerjan, C. J.; Clancy, T. J.; Doeppner, T.; Eckart, M. J.; Edwards, M. J.; Friedrich, S.; Glenzer, S. H.; Haan, S. W.; Hartouni, E. P.; Hatarik, R.; Hatchett, S. P.; Jones, O. S.; Kyrala, G.; Le Pape, S.; Lerche, R. A.; Landen, O. L.; Ma, T.; MacKinnon, A. J.; McKernan, M. A.; Moran, M. J.; Moses, E.; Munro, D. H.; McNaney, J.; Park, H. S.; Ralph, J.; Remington, B.; Rygg, J. R.; Sepke, S. M.; Smalyuk, V.; Spears, B.; Springer, P. T.; Yeamans, C. B.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Farrell, M.; Jasion, D.; Kilkenny, J. D.; Nikroo, A.; Paguio, R.] Gen Atom Co, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. [Knauer, J. P.; Glebov, V. Yu; Sangster, T. C.; Betti, R.; Stoeckl, C.; Magoon, J.; Shoup, M. J., III] Univ Rochester, Laser Energet Lab, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. [Grim, G. P.; Kline, J.; Morgan, G. L.; Murphy, T. J.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Cooper, G. W.; Nelson, A. J.] Univ New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. RP Johnson, MG (reprint author), MIT, Plasma Sci & Fus Ctr, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. EM gatu@psfc.mit.edu RI MacKinnon, Andrew/P-7239-2014; Lujan Center, LANL/G-4896-2012; Ma, Tammy/F-3133-2013; McNaney, James/F-5258-2013; Murphy, Thomas/F-3101-2014 OI MacKinnon, Andrew/0000-0002-4380-2906; Hartouni, Edward/0000-0001-9869-4351; Kline, John/0000-0002-2271-9919; Ma, Tammy/0000-0002-6657-9604; Murphy, Thomas/0000-0002-6137-9873 NR 24 TC 41 Z9 42 U1 0 U2 25 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 EI 1089-7623 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 83 IS 10 AR 10D308 DI 10.1063/1.4728095 PN 2 PG 6 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 043RB UT WOS:000311562900009 ER PT J AU Kauffman, RL Kilkenny, JD AF Kauffman, Robert L. Kilkenny, Joseph D. TI Preface: Proceedings of the 19th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics, Monterey, California, USA, 6-10 May 2012 SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Kauffman, Robert L.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. [Kilkenny, Joseph D.] Gen Atom Co, San Diego, CA 92121 USA. RP Kauffman, RL (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 83 IS 10 AR 10D101 DI 10.1063/1.4755285 PN 2 PG 1 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 043RB UT WOS:000311562900001 ER PT J AU Khan, SF Benedetti, LR Hargrove, DR Glenn, SM Simanovskaia, N Holder, JP Barrios, MA Hahn, D Nagel, SR Bell, PM Bradley, DK AF Khan, S. F. Benedetti, L. R. Hargrove, D. R. Glenn, S. M. Simanovskaia, N. Holder, J. P. Barrios, M. A. Hahn, D. Nagel, S. R. Bell, P. M. Bradley, D. K. TI Methods for characterizing x-ray detectors for use at the National Ignition Facility SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY MAY 06-10, 2012 CL Monterey, CA AB Gated and streaked x-ray detectors generally require corrections in order to counteract instrumental effects in the data. The method of correcting for gain variations in gated cameras fielded at National Ignition Facility (NIF) is described. Four techniques for characterizing the gated x-ray detectors are described. The current principal method of characterizing x-ray instruments is the production of controlled x-ray emission by laser-generated plasmas as a dedicated shot at the NIF. A recently commissioned pulsed x-ray source has the potential to replace the other characterization systems. This x-ray source features a pulsed power source consisting of a Marx generator, capacitor bank that is charged in series and discharged in parallel, producing up to 300 kV. The pulsed x-ray source initially suffered from a large jitter (similar to 60 ns), but the recent addition of a pulsed laser to trigger the spark gap has reduced the jitter to similar to 5 ns. Initial results show that this tool is a promising alternative to the other flat fielding techniques. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4733315] C1 [Khan, S. F.; Benedetti, L. R.; Hargrove, D. R.; Glenn, S. M.; Simanovskaia, N.; Holder, J. P.; Barrios, M. A.; Hahn, D.; Nagel, S. R.; Bell, P. M.; Bradley, D. K.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Khan, SF (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM khan9@llnl.gov NR 6 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 11 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 83 IS 10 AR 10E118 DI 10.1063/1.4733315 PN 2 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 043RB UT WOS:000311562900126 PM 23126940 ER PT J AU Kim, Y Herrmann, HW Hilsabeck, TJ Moy, K Stoeffl, W Mack, JM Young, CS Wu, W Barlow, DB Schillig, JB Sims, JR Lopez, FE Mares, D Oertel, JA Hayes-Sterbenz, AC AF Kim, Y. Herrmann, H. W. Hilsabeck, T. J. Moy, K. Stoeffl, W. Mack, J. M. Young, C. S. Wu, W. Barlow, D. B. Schillig, J. B. Sims, J. R., Jr. Lopez, F. E. Mares, D. Oertel, J. A. Hayes-Sterbenz, A. C. TI Gamma-to-electron magnetic spectrometer (GEMS): An energy-resolved gamma-ray diagnostic for the National Ignition Facility SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY MAY 06-10, 2012 CL Monterey, CA AB The gamma-to-electron magnetic spectrometer, having better than 5% energy resolution, is proposed to resolve gamma-rays in the range of E-o +/- 20% in single shot, where E-o is the central energy and is tunable from 2 to 25 MeV. Gamma-rays from inertial confinement fusion implosions interact with a thin Compton converter (e. g., beryllium) located at approximately 300 cm from the target chamber center (TCC). Scattered electrons out of the Compton converter enter an electromagnet placed outside the NIF chamber (approximately 600 cm from TCC) where energy selection takes place. The electromagnet provides tunable E-o over a broad range in a compact manner. Energy resolved electrons are measured by an array of quartz Cherenkov converters coupled to photomultipliers. Given 100 detectable electrons in the energy bins of interest, 3 x 10(14) minimum deuterium/tritium (DT) neutrons will be required to measure the 4.44 MeV C-12 gamma-rays assuming 200 mg/cm(2) plastic ablator areal density and 3 x 10(15) minimum DT neutrons to measure the 16.75 MeV DT gamma-ray line. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4738650] C1 [Kim, Y.; Herrmann, H. W.; Mack, J. M.; Young, C. S.; Barlow, D. B.; Schillig, J. B.; Sims, J. R., Jr.; Lopez, F. E.; Mares, D.; Oertel, J. A.; Hayes-Sterbenz, A. C.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Hilsabeck, T. J.; Wu, W.] Gen Atom Co, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. [Moy, K.] Special Technol Lab, Santa Barbara, CA 93111 USA. [Stoeffl, W.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Kim, Y (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM yhkim@lanl.gov NR 7 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 83 IS 10 AR 10D311 DI 10.1063/1.4738650 PN 2 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 043RB UT WOS:000311562900012 PM 23126838 ER PT J AU Koch, JA Stewart, RE Beiersdorfer, P Shepherd, R Schneider, MB Miles, AR Scott, HA Smalyuk, VA Hsing, WW AF Koch, J. A. Stewart, R. E. Beiersdorfer, P. Shepherd, R. Schneider, M. B. Miles, A. R. Scott, H. A. Smalyuk, V. A. Hsing, W. W. TI High-resolution spectroscopy for Doppler-broadening ion temperature measurements of implosions at the National Ignition Facility SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY MAY 06-10, 2012 CL Monterey, CA AB Future implosion experiments at the national ignition facility (NIF) will endeavor to simultaneously measure electron and ion temperatures with temporal and spatial resolution in order to explore non-equilibrium temperature distributions and their relaxation toward equilibrium. In anticipation of these experiments, and with understanding of the constraints of the NIF facility environment, we have explored the use of Doppler broadening of mid-Z dopant emission lines, such as krypton He-alpha at 13 keV, as a diagnostic of time-and potentially space-resolved ion temperature. We have investigated a number of options analytically and with numerical raytracing, and we have identified several promising candidate spectrometer designs that meet the expected requirements of spectral and temporal resolution and data signal-to-noise ratio for gas-filled exploding pusher implosions, while providing maximum flexibility for use on a variety of experiments that potentially include burning plasma. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4731747] C1 [Koch, J. A.; Stewart, R. E.; Beiersdorfer, P.; Shepherd, R.; Schneider, M. B.; Miles, A. R.; Scott, H. A.; Smalyuk, V. A.; Hsing, W. W.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Koch, JA (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 808,L-493, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM koch1@llnl.gov NR 11 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 9 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 83 IS 10 AR 10E127 DI 10.1063/1.4731747 PN 2 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 043RB UT WOS:000311562900135 PM 23126948 ER PT J AU Lanctot, MJ Holcomb, CT Allen, SL Fenstermacher, ME Luce, TC AF Lanctot, M. J. Holcomb, C. T. Allen, S. L. Fenstermacher, M. E. Luce, T. C. TI Pedestal magnetic field measurements using a motional Stark effect polarimeter SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY MAY 06-10, 2012 CL Monterey, CA ID DIII-D; PLASMAS AB Temperature-controlled, 0.15 nm interference filters were installed on an edge-viewing system of the motional Stark effect (MSE) polarimeter on the DIII-D tokamak. The upgraded system provides a factor of two reduction in the bandpass compared to the previous design, and linear control of the bandpass, which is unaltered by wavelength tuning. With the new system, there is a reduced dependence of the inferred polarization angle on the filter wavelength calibration. Recent measurements from the calibrated edge-viewing system show increased agreement with other MSE arrays. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4733342] C1 [Lanctot, M. J.; Holcomb, C. T.; Allen, S. L.; Fenstermacher, M. E.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Luce, T. C.] Gen Atom Co, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. RP Lanctot, MJ (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM lanctot1@llnl.gov RI Lanctot, Matthew J/O-4979-2016 OI Lanctot, Matthew J/0000-0002-7396-3372 NR 10 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 83 IS 10 AR 10E319 DI 10.1063/1.4733342 PN 2 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 043RB UT WOS:000311562900166 PM 23126977 ER PT J AU Lanier, NE Hamilton, C Taccetti, JM AF Lanier, N. E. Hamilton, C. Taccetti, J. M. TI A monochromatic x-ray imaging system for characterizing low-density foams SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY MAY 06-10, 2012 CL Monterey, CA AB In high energy density laser experiments, targets often require small, low-density, foam components. However, their limited size can preclude single component characterization, forcing one to rely solely on less accurate bulk measurements. We have developed a monochromatic imaging system to characterize both the density and uniformity of single component low-mass foams. This x-ray assembly is capable of determining line-averaged density variations near the 1% level, and provides statistically identical results to those obtained at the Brookhaven's NSLS. This system has the added benefit of providing two-dimensional density data, allowing an assessment of density uniformity. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4732183] C1 [Lanier, N. E.; Hamilton, C.; Taccetti, J. M.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Lanier, NE (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM nlanier@lanl.gov OI Hamilton, Christopher/0000-0002-1605-5992 NR 6 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 83 IS 10 AR 10E521 DI 10.1063/1.4732183 PN 2 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 043RB UT WOS:000311562900218 PM 23127028 ER PT J AU Lau, C Hanson, G Lin, Y Wilgen, J Wukitch, S Labombard, B Wallace, G AF Lau, C. Hanson, G. Lin, Y. Wilgen, J. Wukitch, S. Labombard, B. Wallace, G. TI First results of the SOL reflectometer on Alcator C-Mod SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY MAY 06-10, 2012 CL Monterey, CA ID DENSITY PROFILE; PLASMA AB A swept-frequency X-mode reflectometer has been built on Alcator C-Mod to measure the scrape-off layer (SOL) density profiles adjacent to the lower hybrid launcher. The reflectometer system operates between 100 and 146 GHz at sweep rates from 10 mu s to 1 ms and covers a density range of similar to 10(16)-10(20) m(-3) at B-0 = 5-5.4 T. This paper discusses the analysis of reflectometer density profiles and presents first experimental results of SOL density profile modifications due to the application of lower hybrid range-of-frequencies power to L-mode discharges. Comparison between density profiles measured by the X-mode reflectometer and scanning Langmuir probes is also shown. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4731002] C1 [Lau, C.; Lin, Y.; Wukitch, S.; Labombard, B.; Wallace, G.] MIT, Plasma Sci & Fus Ctr, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Hanson, G.; Wilgen, J.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Lau, C (reprint author), MIT, Plasma Sci & Fus Ctr, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. EM cornwall@mit.edu NR 12 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 83 IS 10 AR 10E309 DI 10.1063/1.4731002 PN 2 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 043RB UT WOS:000311562900156 PM 23126969 ER PT J AU LeBlanc, BP Diallo, A Labik, G Stevens, DR AF LeBlanc, B. P. Diallo, A. Labik, G. Stevens, D. R. TI Radial resolution enhancement of the NSTX Thomson scattering diagnostic SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY MAY 06-10, 2012 CL Monterey, CA AB Current magnetic confinement plasma physics research has increased the demand for radial resolution in profile diagnostics, in particular in the edge and pedestal regions. On NSTX, an upgrade of the existing multi-point Thomson scattering diagnostic has been implemented in order to respond to the research program needs. Twelve new radial channels have been added bringing the total number of positions to 42. Four previously un-instrumented fiber bundles were put in service. Eight existing "active" fiber bundles were divided in two sub-bundles each in order to increase spatial resolution. Twelve radial channels now cover the pedestal region with a resolution near one centimeter. Fifteen radial channels cover the core and internal transport barrier regions. Two additional channels were added, one near the inner edge and one in the outer scrape-off layer. The intersection of the focused viewing optics field of view with a finite-width laser beam results in major-radius cross talk between adjacent fiber sub-bundles. A discussion and calculation of the cross talk will be presented. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4738655] C1 [LeBlanc, B. P.; Diallo, A.; Labik, G.; Stevens, D. R.] Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP LeBlanc, BP (reprint author), Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. EM leblanc@pppl.gov RI Diallo, Ahmed/M-7792-2013 NR 1 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 83 IS 10 AR 10D527 DI 10.1063/1.4738655 PN 2 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 043RB UT WOS:000311562900046 PM 23126867 ER PT J AU Lepson, JK Beiersdorfer, P Clementson, J Bitter, M Hill, KW Kaita, R Skinner, CH Roquemore, AL Zimmer, G AF Lepson, J. K. Beiersdorfer, P. Clementson, J. Bitter, M. Hill, K. W. Kaita, R. Skinner, C. H. Roquemore, A. L. Zimmer, G. TI High-resolution time-resolved extreme ultraviolet spectroscopy on NSTX SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY MAY 06-10, 2012 CL Monterey, CA ID ASTROPHYSICS; FE AB We report on upgrades to the flat-field grazing-incidence grating spectrometers X-ray and Extreme Ultraviolet Spectrometer (XEUS) and Long-Wavelength Extreme Ultraviolet Spectrometer (LoWEUS), at the National Spherical Torus Experiment (NSTX) at the Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory. XEUS employs a variable space grating with an average spacing of 2400 lines/mm and covers the 9-64 angstrom wavelength band, while LoWEUS has an average spacing of 1200 lines/mm and is positioned to monitor the 90-270 angstrom wavelength band. Both spectrometers have been upgraded with new cameras that achieve 12.5 ms time resolution. We demonstrate the new time resolution capability by showing the time evolution of iron in the NSTX plasma. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4731753] C1 [Lepson, J. K.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Space Sci Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Beiersdorfer, P.; Clementson, J.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Div Phys, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Beiersdorfer, P.] Univ Puerto Rico, Dept Chem, Rio Piedras, PR 00931 USA. [Beiersdorfer, P.] Univ Puerto Rico, Chem Phys Program, Rio Piedras, PR 00931 USA. [Bitter, M.; Hill, K. W.; Kaita, R.; Skinner, C. H.; Roquemore, A. L.; Zimmer, G.] Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Lepson, JK (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Space Sci Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM lepson@ssl.berkeley.edu RI Skinner, Charles/C-2314-2013 NR 12 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 83 IS 10 AR 10D520 DI 10.1063/1.4731753 PN 2 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 043RB UT WOS:000311562900039 PM 23126861 ER PT J AU Loisel, G Bailey, JE Rochau, GA Dunham, GS Nielsen-Weber, LB Ball, CR AF Loisel, G. Bailey, J. E. Rochau, G. A. Dunham, G. S. Nielsen-Weber, L. B. Ball, C. R. TI A methodology for calibrating wavelength dependent spectral resolution for crystal spectrometers SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY MAY 06-10, 2012 CL Monterey, CA ID RAY; AL AB High quality absorption spectroscopy measurements were recently achieved at the Sandia National Laboratories Z facility in the soft x-ray range. Detailed spectral resolution knowledge is a key requirement for their interpretation. We present a methodology for measuring the wavelength dependent crystal spectral resolution, with a particular focus on the 7-17 angstrom range. We apply this procedure to the case of 1st order resolution of a potassium acid phthalate (KAP) convex crystal spectrometer. One calibration issue is that inferring the crystal resolution requires that the x-ray source emission feature widths and spectral profiles are known. To this aim, we resolve Manson x-ray source Si, Al, and Mg K alpha line profiles using a KAP crystal spectrometer in 2nd order to achieve relatively high resolution. This information is exploited to measure 1st order KAP resolving powers lambda/Delta lambda similar to 1100-1300 in the 7-10 angstrom wavelength range. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4740269] C1 [Loisel, G.; Bailey, J. E.; Rochau, G. A.; Dunham, G. S.; Ball, C. R.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Nielsen-Weber, L. B.] Raytheon Ktech, Se Albuquerque, NM 87123 USA. RP Loisel, G (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM gploise@sandia.gov NR 11 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 83 IS 10 AR 10E133 DI 10.1063/1.4740269 PN 2 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 043RB UT WOS:000311562900141 PM 23126954 ER PT J AU Lu, B Wang, F Shi, Y Bitter, M Hill, KW Lee, SG Fu, J Li, Y Wan, B AF Lu, B. Wang, F. Shi, Y. Bitter, M. Hill, K. W. Lee, S. G. Fu, J. Li, Y. Wan, B. TI Upgrades of the high resolution imaging x-ray crystal spectrometers on experimental advanced superconducting tokamak SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY MAY 06-10, 2012 CL Monterey, CA ID ROTATION AB Two imaging x-ray crystal spectrometers, the so-called "poloidal" and "tangential" spectrometers, were recently implemented on experimental advanced superconducting tokamak (EAST) to provide spatially and temporally resolved impurity ion temperature (T-i), electron temperature (T-e) and rotation velocity profiles. They are derived from Doppler width of W line for Ti, the intensity ratio of Li-like satellites to W line for Te, and Doppler shift of W line for rotation. Each spectrometer originally consisted of a spherically curved crystal and a two-dimensional multi-wire proportional counter (MWPC) detector. Both spectrometers have now been upgraded. The layout of the tangential spectrometer was modified, since it had to be moved to a different port, and the spectrometer was equipped with two high count rate Pilatus detectors (Model 100 K) to overcome the count rate limitation of the MWPC and to improve its time resolution. The poloidal spectrometer was equipped with two spherically bent crystals to record the spectra of He-like and H-like argon simultaneously and side by side on the original MWPC. These upgrades are described, and new results from the latest EAST experimental campaign are presented. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4738652] C1 [Lu, B.; Wang, F.; Shi, Y.; Fu, J.; Li, Y.; Wan, B.] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Plasma Phys, Hefei, Anhui, Peoples R China. [Shi, Y.; Lee, S. G.] Natl Fus Res Inst, Taejon, South Korea. [Bitter, M.; Hill, K. W.] Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Lu, B (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Plasma Phys, Hefei, Anhui, Peoples R China. EM blu@ipp.ac.cn RI Lyu, Bo/G-6627-2011 OI Lyu, Bo/0000-0002-3916-6230 NR 5 TC 7 Z9 9 U1 2 U2 10 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 83 IS 10 AR 10E130 DI 10.1063/1.4738652 PN 2 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 043RB UT WOS:000311562900138 PM 23126951 ER PT J AU Ma, T Izumi, N Tommasini, R Bradley, DK Bell, P Cerjan, CJ Dixit, S Doppner, T Jones, O Kline, JL Kyrala, G Landen, OL LePape, S Mackinnon, AJ Park, HS Patel, PK Prasad, RR Ralph, J Regan, SP Smalyuk, VA Springer, PT Suter, L Town, RPJ Weber, SV Glenzer, SH AF Ma, T. Izumi, N. Tommasini, R. Bradley, D. K. Bell, P. Cerjan, C. J. Dixit, S. Doeppner, T. Jones, O. Kline, J. L. Kyrala, G. Landen, O. L. LePape, S. Mackinnon, A. J. Park, H. -S. Patel, P. K. Prasad, R. R. Ralph, J. Regan, S. P. Smalyuk, V. A. Springer, P. T. Suter, L. Town, R. P. J. Weber, S. V. Glenzer, S. H. TI Imaging of high-energy x-ray emission from cryogenic thermonuclear fuel implosions on the NIF SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY MAY 06-10, 2012 CL Monterey, CA AB Accurately assessing and optimizing the implosion performance of inertial confinement fusion capsules is a crucial step to achieving ignition on the NIF. We have applied differential filtering (matched Ross filter pairs) to provide broadband time-integrated absolute x-ray self-emission images of the imploded core of cryogenic layered implosions. This diagnostic measures the temperature- and density-sensitive bremsstrahlung emission and provides estimates of hot spot mass, mix mass, and pressure. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4733313] C1 [Ma, T.; Izumi, N.; Tommasini, R.; Bradley, D. K.; Bell, P.; Cerjan, C. J.; Dixit, S.; Doeppner, T.; Jones, O.; Landen, O. L.; LePape, S.; Mackinnon, A. J.; Park, H. -S.; Patel, P. K.; Prasad, R. R.; Ralph, J.; Smalyuk, V. A.; Springer, P. T.; Suter, L.; Town, R. P. J.; Weber, S. V.; Glenzer, S. H.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Kline, J. L.; Kyrala, G.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Regan, S. P.] Univ Rochester, Laser Energet Lab, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. RP Ma, T (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM ma8@llnl.gov RI Tommasini, Riccardo/A-8214-2009; Patel, Pravesh/E-1400-2011; Ma, Tammy/F-3133-2013; MacKinnon, Andrew/P-7239-2014; IZUMI, Nobuhiko/J-8487-2016 OI Tommasini, Riccardo/0000-0002-1070-3565; Kline, John/0000-0002-2271-9919; Ma, Tammy/0000-0002-6657-9604; MacKinnon, Andrew/0000-0002-4380-2906; IZUMI, Nobuhiko/0000-0003-1114-597X NR 11 TC 27 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 11 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 83 IS 10 AR 10E115 DI 10.1063/1.4733313 PN 2 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 043RB UT WOS:000311562900123 PM 23126937 ER PT J AU Magee, RM Galante, ME McCarren, D Scime, EE Boivin, RL Brooks, NH Groebner, RJ Hill, DN Porter, GD AF Magee, R. M. Galante, M. E. McCarren, D. Scime, E. E. Boivin, R. L. Brooks, N. H. Groebner, R. J. Hill, D. N. Porter, G. D. TI A two photon absorption laser induced fluorescence diagnostic for fusion plasmas SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY MAY 06-10, 2012 CL Monterey, CA ID ATOMIC-HYDROGEN DENSITIES; EXCITATION; CODE AB The quality of plasma produced in a magnetic confinement fusion device is influenced to a large extent by the neutral gas surrounding the plasma. The plasma is fueled by the ionization of neutrals, and charge exchange interactions between edge neutrals and plasma ions are a sink of energy and momentum. Here we describe a diagnostic capable of measuring the spatial distribution of neutral gas in a magnetically confined fusion plasma. A high intensity (5 MW/cm(2)), narrow bandwidth (0.1 cm(-1)) laser is injected into a hydrogen plasma to excite the Lyman beta transition via the simultaneous absorption of two 205 nm photons. The absorption rate, determined by measurement of subsequent Balmer alpha emission, is proportional to the number of particles with a given velocity. Calibration is performed in situ by filling the chamber to a known pressure of neutral krypton and exciting a transition close in wavelength to that used in hydrogen. We present details of the calibration procedure, including a technique for identifying saturation broadening, measurements of the neutral density profile in a hydrogen helicon plasma, and discuss the application of the diagnostic to plasmas in the DIII-D tokamak. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4728092] C1 [Magee, R. M.; Galante, M. E.; McCarren, D.; Scime, E. E.] W Virginia Univ, Dept Phys, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. [Boivin, R. L.; Brooks, N. H.; Groebner, R. J.; Hill, D. N.] Gen Atom Co, San Diego, CA 92121 USA. [Porter, G. D.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Magee, RM (reprint author), W Virginia Univ, Dept Phys, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. EM richard.magee@mail.wvu.edu NR 12 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 20 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 83 IS 10 AR 10D701 DI 10.1063/1.4728092 PN 2 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 043RB UT WOS:000311562900057 PM 23126875 ER PT J AU Marley, EV Shepherd, R Fulkerson, S James, L Emig, J Norman, D AF Marley, E. V. Shepherd, R. Fulkerson, S. James, L. Emig, J. Norman, D. TI Ultra fast x-ray streak camera for ten inch manipulator based platforms SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY MAY 06-10, 2012 CL Monterey, CA AB Ultra fast x-ray streak cameras are a staple for time resolved x-ray measurements. There is a need for a ten inch manipulator (TIM) based streak camera that can be fielded in a newer large scale laser facility. The Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory ultra fast streak camera's drive electronics have been upgraded and redesigned to fit inside a TIM tube. The camera also has a new user interface that allows for remote control and data acquisition. The system has been outfitted with a new sensor package that gives the user more operational awareness and control. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4729500] C1 [Marley, E. V.; Shepherd, R.; Fulkerson, S.; James, L.; Emig, J.; Norman, D.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Marley, E. V.] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Marley, EV (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, MS L-490, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM marley2@llnl.gov NR 4 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 3 U2 17 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 83 IS 10 AR 10E106 DI 10.1063/1.4729500 PN 2 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 043RB UT WOS:000311562900114 PM 23126928 ER PT J AU May, MJ Patterson, JR Sorce, C Widmann, K Fournier, KB Perez, F AF May, M. J. Patterson, J. R. Sorce, C. Widmann, K. Fournier, K. B. Perez, F. TI Source geometric considerations for OMEGA Dante measurements SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY MAY 06-10, 2012 CL Monterey, CA ID FACILITY AB The Dante is a 15 channel filtered diode array which is installed on the OMEGA laser facility at the Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester. The system yields the spectrally and temporally resolved radiation flux from 50 eV to 10 keV from various targets (i.e., Hohlraum, gas pipes, etc.). The absolute flux is determined from the radiometric calibration of the x-ray diodes, filters, and mirrors and an unfold algorithm applied to the recorded voltages from each channel. The unfold algorithm assumes an emitting source that is spatially uniform and has a constant area as a function of photon energy. The emitting x-ray source is usually considered to be the laser entrance hole (LEH) of a given diameter for Hohlraum type targets or the effective wall area of high conversion efficiency K-shell type targets. This assumption can be problematic for several reasons. High intensity regions or "hot spots" in the x-ray are observed where the drive laser beams strike the target. The "hot spots" create non-uniform emission seen by the Dante. Additionally, thinned walled (50 mu m) low-Z targets (C22H10N2O5) have an energy dependent source size since the target's walls will be fully opaque for low energies (E < 2-3 keV) yet fully transmissive at higher energies. Determining accurate yields can be challenging for these types of targets. Discussion and some analysis will be presented. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4734041] C1 [May, M. J.; Patterson, J. R.; Widmann, K.; Fournier, K. B.; Perez, F.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. [Sorce, C.] Univ Rochester, Laser Energet Lab, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. RP May, MJ (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM may13@llnl.gov NR 8 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 83 IS 10 AR 10E117 DI 10.1063/1.4734041 PN 2 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 043RB UT WOS:000311562900125 PM 23126939 ER PT J AU Merrill, FE Bower, D Buckles, R Clark, DD Danly, CR Drury, OB Dzenitis, JM Fatherley, VE Fittinghoff, DN Gallegos, R Grim, GP Guler, N Loomis, EN Lutz, S Malone, RM Martinson, DD Mares, D Morley, DJ Morgan, GL Oertel, JA Tregillis, IL Volegov, PL Weiss, PB Wilde, CH Wilson, DC AF Merrill, F. E. Bower, D. Buckles, R. Clark, D. D. Danly, C. R. Drury, O. B. Dzenitis, J. M. Fatherley, V. E. Fittinghoff, D. N. Gallegos, R. Grim, G. P. Guler, N. Loomis, E. N. Lutz, S. Malone, R. M. Martinson, D. D. Mares, D. Morley, D. J. Morgan, G. L. Oertel, J. A. Tregillis, I. L. Volegov, P. L. Weiss, P. B. Wilde, C. H. Wilson, D. C. TI The neutron imaging diagnostic at NIF (invited) SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY MAY 06-10, 2012 CL Monterey, CA ID INERTIAL CONFINEMENT FUSION; MAXIMUM-LIKELIHOOD APPROACH; RECONSTRUCTION; PROJECTIONS; DETECTOR; IMAGES AB A neutron imaging diagnostic has recently been commissioned at the National Ignition Facility (NIF). This new system is an important diagnostic tool for inertial fusion studies at the NIF for measuring the size and shape of the burning DT plasma during the ignition stage of Inertial Confinement Fusion (ICF) implosions. The imaging technique utilizes a pinhole neutron aperture, placed between the neutron source and a neutron detector. The detection system measures the two dimensional distribution of neutrons passing through the pinhole. This diagnostic has been designed to collect two images at two times. The long flight path for this diagnostic, 28 m, results in a chromatic separation of the neutrons, allowing the independently timed images to measure the source distribution for two neutron energies. Typically the first image measures the distribution of the 14 MeV neutrons and the second image of the 6-12 MeV neutrons. The combination of these two images has provided data on the size and shape of the burning plasma within the compressed capsule, as well as a measure of the quantity and spatial distribution of the cold fuel surrounding this core. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4739242] C1 [Merrill, F. E.; Clark, D. D.; Danly, C. R.; Drury, O. B.; Fatherley, V. E.; Gallegos, R.; Grim, G. P.; Guler, N.; Loomis, E. N.; Martinson, D. D.; Mares, D.; Morley, D. J.; Morgan, G. L.; Oertel, J. A.; Tregillis, I. L.; Volegov, P. L.; Wilde, C. H.; Wilson, D. C.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. [Bower, D.; Dzenitis, J. M.; Fittinghoff, D. N.; Weiss, P. B.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Buckles, R.] Natl Secur Technol, Livermore, CA 93111 USA. [Lutz, S.] Natl Secur Technol, Santa Barbara, CA 93111 USA. [Malone, R. M.] Natl Secur Technol, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. RP Merrill, FE (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. EM fmerrill@lanl.gov RI Lujan Center, LANL/G-4896-2012; OI Merrill, Frank/0000-0003-0603-735X NR 14 TC 50 Z9 50 U1 7 U2 28 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 83 IS 10 AR 10D317 DI 10.1063/1.4739242 PN 2 PG 6 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 043RB UT WOS:000311562900018 PM 23126843 ER PT J AU Merritt, EC Lynn, AG Gilmore, MA Thoma, C Loverich, J Hsu, SC AF Merritt, Elizabeth C. Lynn, Alan G. Gilmore, Mark A. Thoma, Carsten Loverich, John Hsu, Scott C. TI Multi-chord fiber-coupled interferometry of supersonic plasma jets (invited) SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY MAY 06-10, 2012 CL Monterey, CA ID HIGH-TEMPERATURE GASES; OPTICAL REFRACTIVITY AB A multi-chord fiber-coupled interferometer is being used to make time-resolved density measurements of supersonic argon plasma jets on the Plasma Liner Experiment. The long coherence length of the laser (>10 m) allows signal and reference path lengths to be mismatched by many meters without signal degradation, making for a greatly simplified optical layout. Measured interferometry phase shifts are consistent with a partially ionized plasma in which both positive and negative phase shift values are observed depending on the ionization fraction. In this case, both free electrons and bound electrons in ions and neutral atoms contribute to the index of refraction. This paper illustrates how the interferometry data, aided by numerical modeling, are used to derive total jet density, jet propagation velocity (similar to 15-50 km/s), jet length (similar to 20-100 cm), and 3D expansion. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4734496] C1 [Merritt, Elizabeth C.; Lynn, Alan G.; Gilmore, Mark A.] Univ New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [Thoma, Carsten] Voss Sci LLC, Albuquerque, NM 87108 USA. [Loverich, John] Tech X Corp, Boulder, CO 80303 USA. [Hsu, Scott C.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Phys, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Merritt, EC (reprint author), Univ New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. EM gilmore@ece.unm.edu OI Hsu, Scott/0000-0002-6737-4934 NR 13 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 83 IS 10 AR 10D523 DI 10.1063/1.4734496 PN 2 PG 6 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 043RB UT WOS:000311562900042 PM 23126863 ER PT J AU Miller, EK Abbott, RQ McKenna, I Macrum, G Baker, D Tran, V Rodriguez, E Kaufman, MI Tibbits, A Silbernagel, CT Waltman, TB Herrmann, HW Kim, YH Mack, JM Young, CS Caldwell, SE Evans, SC Sedillo, TJ Stoeffl, W Grafil, E Liebman, J Beeman, B Watts, P Carpenter, A Horsfied, CJ Rubery, MS Chandler, GA Torres, JA Smelser, RM AF Miller, E. K. Abbott, R. Q. McKenna, I. Macrum, G. Baker, D. Tran, V. Rodriguez, E. Kaufman, M. I. Tibbits, A. Silbernagel, C. T. Waltman, T. B. Herrmann, H. W. Kim, Y. H. Mack, J. M. Young, C. S. Caldwell, S. E. Evans, S. C. Sedillo, T. J. Stoeffl, W. Grafil, E. Liebman, J. Beeman, B. Watts, P. Carpenter, A. Horsfied, C. J. Rubery, M. S. Chandler, G. A. Torres, J. A. Smelser, R. M. TI Mach-Zehnder recording systems for pulsed power diagnostics SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY MAY 06-10, 2012 CL Monterey, CA AB Fiber-optic transmission and recording systems, based on Mach-Zehnder modulators, have been developed and installed at the National Ignition Facility (NIF), and are being developed for other pulsed-power facilities such as the Z accelerator at Sandia, with different requirements. We present the design and performance characteristics for the mature analog links, based on the system developed for the Gamma Reaction History diagnostic at the OMEGA laser and at NIF. For a single detector channel, two Mach-Zehnders are used to provide high dynamic range at the full recording bandwidth with no gaps in the coverage. We present laboratory and shot data to estimate upper limits on the radiation effects as they impact recorded data quality. Finally, we will assess the technology readiness level for mature and developing implementations of Mach-Zehnder links for these environments. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4733310] C1 [Miller, E. K.; Abbott, R. Q.; McKenna, I.; Macrum, G.; Baker, D.; Tran, V.; Rodriguez, E.; Kaufman, M. I.; Tibbits, A.; Silbernagel, C. T.; Waltman, T. B.] Natl Secur Technol LLC, Santa Barbara, CA USA. [Miller, E. K.; Abbott, R. Q.; McKenna, I.; Macrum, G.; Baker, D.; Tran, V.; Rodriguez, E.; Kaufman, M. I.; Tibbits, A.; Silbernagel, C. T.; Waltman, T. B.] Natl Secur Technol LLC, Livermore, CA 93111 USA. [Miller, E. K.; Abbott, R. Q.; McKenna, I.; Macrum, G.; Baker, D.; Tran, V.; Rodriguez, E.; Kaufman, M. I.; Tibbits, A.; Silbernagel, C. T.; Waltman, T. B.] Natl Secur Technol LLC, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. [Miller, E. K.; Abbott, R. Q.; McKenna, I.; Macrum, G.; Baker, D.; Tran, V.; Rodriguez, E.; Kaufman, M. I.; Tibbits, A.; Silbernagel, C. T.; Waltman, T. B.] Natl Secur Technol LLC, N Las Vegas, NV 89193 USA. [Herrmann, H. W.; Kim, Y. H.; Mack, J. M.; Young, C. S.; Caldwell, S. E.; Evans, S. C.; Sedillo, T. J.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Stoeffl, W.; Grafil, E.; Liebman, J.; Beeman, B.; Watts, P.; Carpenter, A.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. [Horsfied, C. J.; Rubery, M. S.] Atom Weap Estab Aldermaston, Reading RG7 4PR, Berks, England. [Chandler, G. A.; Torres, J. A.; Smelser, R. M.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Miller, EK (reprint author), Natl Secur Technol LLC, Santa Barbara, CA USA. EM millerek@nv.doe.gov NR 4 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 83 IS 10 AR 10D719 DI 10.1063/1.4733310 PN 2 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 043RB UT WOS:000311562900075 PM 23126893 ER PT J AU Milnes, JS Horsfield, CJ Rubery, MS Glebov, VY Herrmann, HW AF Milnes, J. S. Horsfield, C. J. Rubery, M. S. Glebov, V. Yu. Herrmann, H. W. TI Ultra-high speed photomultiplier tubes with nanosecond gating for fusion diagnostics SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY MAY 06-10, 2012 CL Monterey, CA AB Fusion diagnostics can involve the measurement of ultra-fast optical pulses, often in close temporal proximity. We present a solution for the diagnostics of gamma reaction history and neutron time of flight by using microchannel plate based photomultiplier tubes (PMTs). The time response of the PMTs can be as fast as 100 ps FWHM and with a gain of up to 10(7). To observe small events in close temporal proximity to much larger signals such as the down-scattered fraction, the response of MCP-PMTs can be gated with an on/off ratio of up to 10(13) in just 2 ns. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4728313] C1 [Milnes, J. S.] Photek Ltd, St Leonards On Sea TN38 9NS, E Sussex, England. [Horsfield, C. J.; Rubery, M. S.] AWE, Reading RG7 4PR, Berks, England. [Glebov, V. Yu.] Univ Rochester, Laser Energet Lab, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. [Herrmann, H. W.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Milnes, JS (reprint author), Photek Ltd, 26 Castleham Rd, St Leonards On Sea TN38 9NS, E Sussex, England. EM james.milnes@photek.co.uk NR 3 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 83 IS 10 AR 10D301 DI 10.1063/1.4728313 PN 2 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 043RB UT WOS:000311562900002 PM 23126828 ER PT J AU Moore, AS Guymer, TM Kline, JL Morton, J Taccetti, M Lanier, NE Bentley, C Workman, J Peterson, B Mussack, K Cowan, J Prasad, R Richardson, M Burns, S Kalantar, DH Benedetti, LR Bell, P Bradley, D Hsing, W Stevenson, M AF Moore, A. S. Guymer, T. M. Kline, J. L. Morton, J. Taccetti, M. Lanier, N. E. Bentley, C. Workman, J. Peterson, B. Mussack, K. Cowan, J. Prasad, R. Richardson, M. Burns, S. Kalantar, D. H. Benedetti, L. R. Bell, P. Bradley, D. Hsing, W. Stevenson, M. TI A soft x-ray transmission grating imaging-spectrometer for the National Ignition Facility SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY MAY 06-10, 2012 CL Monterey, CA ID TARGETS AB A soft x-ray transmission grating spectrometer has been designed for use on high energy-density physics experiments at the National Ignition Facility (NIF); coupled to one of the NIF gated x-ray detectors it records 16 time-gated spectra between 250 and 1000 eV with 100 ps temporal resolution. The trade-off between spectral and spatial resolution leads to an optimized design for measurement of emission around the peak of a 100-300 eV blackbody spectrum. Performance qualification results from the NIF, the Trident Laser Facility and vacuum ultraviolet beamline at the National Synchrotron Light Source, evidence a <100 mu m spatial resolution in combination with a source-size limited spectral resolution that is <10 eV at photon energies of 300 eV. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4742923] C1 [Moore, A. S.; Guymer, T. M.; Morton, J.; Bentley, C.; Stevenson, M.] AWE Aldermaston, Directorate Sci & Technol, Reading RG7 4PR, Berks, England. [Kline, J. L.; Taccetti, M.; Lanier, N. E.; Workman, J.; Peterson, B.; Mussack, K.; Cowan, J.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Prasad, R.; Richardson, M.; Burns, S.; Kalantar, D. H.; Benedetti, L. R.; Bell, P.; Bradley, D.; Hsing, W.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Moore, AS (reprint author), AWE Aldermaston, Directorate Sci & Technol, Reading RG7 4PR, Berks, England. OI Kline, John/0000-0002-2271-9919 NR 9 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 83 IS 10 AR 10E132 DI 10.1063/1.4742923 PN 2 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 043RB UT WOS:000311562900140 PM 23126953 ER PT J AU Moran, MJ Bond, EJ Clancy, TJ Eckart, MJ Khater, HY Glebov, VY AF Moran, M. J. Bond, E. J. Clancy, T. J. Eckart, M. J. Khater, H. Y. Glebov, V. Yu. TI Deuterium-tritium neutron yield measurements with the 4.5 m neutron-time-of-flight detectors at NIF SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY MAY 06-10, 2012 CL Monterey, CA AB The first several campaigns of laser fusion experiments at the National Ignition Facility (NIF) included a family of high-sensitivity scintillator/photodetector neutron-time-of-flight (nTOF) detectors for measuring deuterium-deuterium (DD) and DT neutron yields. The detectors provided consistent neutron yield (Y-n) measurements from below 109 (DD) to nearly 10(15) (DT). The detectors initially demonstrated detector-to-detector Y-n precisions better than 5%, but lacked in situ absolute calibrations. Recent experiments at NIF now have provided in situ DT yield calibration data that establish the absolute sensitivity of the 4.5 m differential tissue harmonic imaging (DTHI) detector with an accuracy of +/-10% and precision of +/-1%. The 4.5 m nTOF calibration measurements also have helped to establish improved detector impulse response functions and data analysis methods, which have contributed to improving the accuracy of the Y-n measurements. These advances have also helped to extend the usefulness of nTOF measurements of ion temperature and downscattered neutron ratio (neutron yield 10-12 MeV divided by yield 13-15 MeV) with other nTOF detectors. c 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4739077] C1 [Moran, M. J.; Bond, E. J.; Clancy, T. J.; Eckart, M. J.; Khater, H. Y.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. [Glebov, V. Yu.] Univ Rochester, Laser Energet Lab, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. RP Moran, MJ (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM moran3@llnl.gov OI Bond, Essex/0000-0003-4852-6100 NR 7 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 83 IS 10 AR 10D312 DI 10.1063/1.4739077 PN 2 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 043RB UT WOS:000311562900013 PM 23126839 ER PT J AU Nagayama, T Bailey, JE Rochau, GA Hansen, SB Mancini, RC MacFarlane, JJ Golovkin, I AF Nagayama, T. Bailey, J. E. Rochau, G. A. Hansen, S. B. Mancini, R. C. MacFarlane, J. J. Golovkin, I. TI Investigation of iron opacity experiment plasma gradients with synthetic data analyses SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY MAY 06-10, 2012 CL Monterey, CA AB Experiments have been performed at Sandia National Laboratories Z-facility to validate iron opacity models relevant to the solar convection/radiation zone boundary. Sample conditions were measured by mixing Mg with the Fe and using Mg K-shell line transmission spectra, assuming that the plasma was uniform. We develop a spectral model that accounts for hypothetical gradients, and compute synthetic spectra to quantitatively evaluate the plasma gradient size that can be diagnosed. Two sample designs are investigated, assuming linear temperature and density gradients. First, Mg uniformly mixed with Fe enables temperature gradients greater than 10% to be detected. The second design uses Mg mixed into one side and Al mixed into the other side of the sample in an attempt to more accurately infer the sample gradient. Both temperature and density gradients as small as a few percent can be detected with this design. Experiments have successfully recorded spectra with the second design. In future research, the spectral model will be used to place bounds on gradients that exist in Z opacity experiments. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4738662] C1 [Nagayama, T.; Bailey, J. E.; Rochau, G. A.; Hansen, S. B.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Mancini, R. C.] Univ Nevada, Dept Phys, Reno, NV 89557 USA. [MacFarlane, J. J.; Golovkin, I.] Prism Computat Sci, Madison, WI 53703 USA. RP Nagayama, T (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 8 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 83 IS 10 AR 10E128 DI 10.1063/1.4738662 PN 2 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 043RB UT WOS:000311562900136 PM 23126949 ER PT J AU Nagel, SR Hilsabeck, TJ Bell, PM Bradley, DK Ayers, MJ Barrios, MA Felker, B Smith, RF Collins, GW Jones, OS Kilkenny, JD Chung, T Piston, K Raman, KS Sammuli, B Hares, JD Dymoke-Bradshaw, AKL AF Nagel, S. R. Hilsabeck, T. J. Bell, P. M. Bradley, D. K. Ayers, M. J. Barrios, M. A. Felker, B. Smith, R. F. Collins, G. W. Jones, O. S. Kilkenny, J. D. Chung, T. Piston, K. Raman, K. S. Sammuli, B. Hares, J. D. Dymoke-Bradshaw, A. K. L. TI Dilation x-ray imager a new/faster gated x-ray imager for the NIF SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY MAY 06-10, 2012 CL Monterey, CA AB As the yield on implosion shots increases it is expected that the peak x-ray emission reduces to a duration with a FWHM as short as 20 ps for similar to 7 x 10(18) neutron yield. However, the temporal resolution of currently used gated x-ray imagers on the NIF is 40-100 ps. We discuss the benefits of the higher temporal resolution for the NIF and present performance measurements for dilation x-ray imager, which utilizes pulse-dilation technology [T. J. Hilsabeck et al., Rev. Sci. Instrum. 81, 10E317 (2010)] to achieve x-ray imaging with temporal gate times below 10 ps. The measurements were conducted using the COMET laser, which is part of the Jupiter Laser Facility at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4732849] C1 [Nagel, S. R.; Bell, P. M.; Bradley, D. K.; Ayers, M. J.; Barrios, M. A.; Felker, B.; Smith, R. F.; Collins, G. W.; Jones, O. S.; Piston, K.; Raman, K. S.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Hilsabeck, T. J.; Kilkenny, J. D.; Chung, T.; Sammuli, B.] Gen Atom Co, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. [Hares, J. D.; Dymoke-Bradshaw, A. K. L.] Kentech Instruments Ltd, Wallingford OX10, Oxon, England. RP Nagel, SR (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, 7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM nagel7@llnl.gov NR 7 TC 20 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 18 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 83 IS 10 AR 10E116 DI 10.1063/1.4732849 PN 2 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 043RB UT WOS:000311562900124 PM 23126938 ER PT J AU Nelson, AJ Ruiz, CL Cooper, GW Chandler, GA Fehl, DL Hahn, KD Leeper, RJ Smelser, R Torres, JA AF Nelson, A. J. Ruiz, C. L. Cooper, G. W. Chandler, G. A. Fehl, D. L. Hahn, K. D. Leeper, R. J. Smelser, R. Torres, J. A. TI A novel method for modeling the neutron time of flight detector response in current mode to inertial confinement fusion experiments (invited) SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY MAY 06-10, 2012 CL Monterey, CA ID CALIBRATION; PERFORMANCE AB A novel method for modeling the neutron time of flight (nTOF) detector response in current mode for inertial confinement fusion experiments has been applied to the on-axis nTOF detectors located in the basement of the Z-Facility. It will be shown that this method can identify sources of neutron scattering, and is useful for predicting detector responses in future experimental configurations, and for identifying potential sources of neutron scattering when experimental set-ups change. This method can also provide insight on how much broadening neutron scattering contributes to the primary signals, which is then subtracted from them. Detector time responses are deconvolved from the signals, allowing a transformation from dN/dt to dN/dE, extracting neutron spectra at each detector location; these spectra are proportional to the absolute yield. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4742140] C1 [Nelson, A. J.; Cooper, G. W.] Univ New Mexico, Dept Chem & Nucl Engn, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [Ruiz, C. L.; Chandler, G. A.; Fehl, D. L.; Hahn, K. D.; Leeper, R. J.; Smelser, R.; Torres, J. A.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Nelson, AJ (reprint author), Univ New Mexico, Dept Chem & Nucl Engn, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. EM anelso@sandia.gov NR 20 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 83 IS 10 AR 10D915 DI 10.1063/1.4742140 PN 2 PG 6 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 043RB UT WOS:000311562900103 PM 23126918 ER PT J AU Olson, RE Hicks, DG Meezan, NB Koch, JA Landen, OL AF Olson, R. E. Hicks, D. G. Meezan, N. B. Koch, J. A. Landen, O. L. TI Comparisons of NIF convergent ablation simulations with radiograph data SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY MAY 06-10, 2012 CL Monterey, CA ID NATIONAL-IGNITION-FACILITY AB A technique for comparing simulation results directly with radiograph data from backlit capsule implosion experiments will be discussed. Forward Abel transforms are applied to the kappa*rho profiles of the simulation. These provide the transmission ratio (optical depth) profiles of the simulation. Gaussian and top hat blurs are applied to the simulated transmission ratio profiles in order to account for the motion blurring and imaging slit resolution of the experimental measurement. Comparisons between the simulated transmission ratios and the radiograph data lineouts are iterated until a reasonable backlighter profile is obtained. This backlighter profile is combined with the blurred, simulated transmission ratios to obtain simulated intensity profiles that can be directly compared with the radiograph data. Examples will be shown from recent convergent ablation (backlit implosion) experiments at the NIF. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4738653] C1 [Olson, R. E.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Hicks, D. G.; Meezan, N. B.; Koch, J. A.; Landen, O. L.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Olson, RE (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM reolson@sandia.gov RI Hicks, Damien/B-5042-2015 OI Hicks, Damien/0000-0001-8322-9983 NR 11 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 83 IS 10 AR 10D310 DI 10.1063/1.4738653 PN 2 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 043RB UT WOS:000311562900011 PM 23126837 ER PT J AU Opachich, YP Palmer, N Homoelle, D Hatch, B Bell, P Bradley, D Kalantar, D Browning, D Zuegel, J Landen, O AF Opachich, Y. P. Palmer, N. Homoelle, D. Hatch, B. Bell, P. Bradley, D. Kalantar, D. Browning, D. Zuegel, J. Landen, O. TI X-ray streak camera cathode development and timing accuracy of the 4 omega ultraviolet fiducial system at the National Ignition Facility SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY MAY 06-10, 2012 CL Monterey, CA AB The convergent ablator experiments at the National Ignition Facility (NIF) are designed to measure the peak velocity and remaining ablator mass of an indirectly driven imploding capsule. Such a measurement can be performed using an x-ray source to backlight the capsule and an x-ray streak camera to record the capsule as it implodes. The ultimate goal of this experiment is to achieve an accuracy of 2% in the velocity measurement, which translates to a +/- 2 ps temporal accuracy over any 300 ps interval for the streak camera. In order to achieve this, a 4 omega (263 nm) temporal fiducial system has been implemented for the x-ray streak camera at NIF. Aluminum, titanium, gold, and silver photocathode materials have been tested. Aluminum showed the highest relative quantum efficiency, with five times more peak signal counts per fiducial pulse when compared to Gold. The fiducial pulse data were analyzed to determine the centroiding statistical accuracy for incident laser pulse energies of 1 and 10 nJ, showing an accuracy of +/- 1.6 ps and +/- 0.7 ps, respectively. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4732855] C1 [Opachich, Y. P.; Palmer, N.; Homoelle, D.; Hatch, B.; Bell, P.; Bradley, D.; Kalantar, D.; Landen, O.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Zuegel, J.] Univ Rochester, Laser Energet Lab, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. RP Opachich, YP (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM YPOpachich@gmailc.om NR 14 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 EI 1089-7623 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 83 IS 10 AR 10E123 DI 10.1063/1.4732855 PN 2 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 043RB UT WOS:000311562900131 PM 23126945 ER PT J AU Pablant, NA Delgado-Aparicio, L Bitter, M Brandstetter, S Eikenberry, E Ellis, R Hill, KW Hofer, P Schneebeli, M AF Pablant, N. A. Delgado-Aparicio, L. Bitter, M. Brandstetter, S. Eikenberry, E. Ellis, R. Hill, K. W. Hofer, P. Schneebeli, M. TI Novel energy resolving x-ray pinhole camera on Alcator C-Mod SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY MAY 06-10, 2012 CL Monterey, CA ID DETECTOR AB A new energy resolving x-ray pinhole camera has been recently installed on Alcator C-Mod. This diagnostic is capable of 1D or 2D imaging with a spatial resolution of approximate to 1 cm, an energy resolution of approximate to 1 keV in the range of 3.5-15 keV and a maximum time resolution of 5 ms. A novel use of a Pilatus 2 hybrid-pixel x-ray detector [P. Kraft et al., J. Synchrotron Rad. 16, 368 (2009)] is employed in which the lower energy threshold of individual pixels is adjusted, allowing regions of a single detector to be sensitive to different x-ray energy ranges. Development of this new detector calibration technique was done as a collaboration between PPPL and Dectris Ltd. The calibration procedure is described, and the energy resolution of the detector is characterized. Initial data from this installation on Alcator C-Mod is presented. This diagnostic provides line-integrated measurements of impurity emission which can be used to determine impurity concentrations as well as the electron energy distribution. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4732177] C1 [Pablant, N. A.; Delgado-Aparicio, L.; Bitter, M.; Ellis, R.; Hill, K. W.] Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. [Brandstetter, S.; Eikenberry, E.; Hofer, P.; Schneebeli, M.] Dectris Ltd, Baden, Switzerland. RP Pablant, NA (reprint author), Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. NR 4 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 83 IS 10 AR 10E526 DI 10.1063/1.4732177 PN 2 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 043RB UT WOS:000311562900223 PM 23127033 ER PT J AU Pak, A Divol, L Weber, S Doppner, T Kyrala, GA Kilne, J Izumi, N Glenn, S Ma, T Town, RP Bradley, DK Glenzer, SH AF Pak, A. Divol, L. Weber, S. Doeppner, T. Kyrala, G. A. Kilne, J. Izumi, N. Glenn, S. Ma, T. Town, R. P. Bradley, D. K. Glenzer, S. H. TI Diagnosing radiative shocks from deuterium and tritium implosions on NIF SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY MAY 06-10, 2012 CL Monterey, CA ID NATIONAL-IGNITION-FACILITY AB During the recent ignition tuning campaign at the National Ignition Facility, layered cryogenic deuterium and tritium capsules were imploded via x-ray driven ablation. The hardened gated x-ray imager diagnostic temporally and spatially resolves the x-ray emission from the core of the capsule implosion at energies above similar to 8 keV. On multiple implosions, similar to 200-400 ps after peak compression a spherically expanding radiative shock has been observed. This paper describes the methods used to characterize the radial profile and rate of expansion of the shock induced x-ray emission. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4729498] C1 [Pak, A.; Divol, L.; Weber, S.; Doeppner, T.; Izumi, N.; Glenn, S.; Ma, T.; Town, R. P.; Bradley, D. K.; Glenzer, S. H.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Kyrala, G. A.; Kilne, J.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA. RP Pak, A (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM pak5@llnl.gov RI IZUMI, Nobuhiko/J-8487-2016; Ma, Tammy/F-3133-2013; OI IZUMI, Nobuhiko/0000-0003-1114-597X; Ma, Tammy/0000-0002-6657-9604; Kline, John/0000-0002-2271-9919 NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 83 IS 10 AR 10E507 DI 10.1063/1.4729498 PN 2 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 043RB UT WOS:000311562900204 PM 23127014 ER PT J AU Patterson, JR Emig, JA Fournier, KB Jenkins, PP Trautz, KM Seiler, SW Davis, JF AF Patterson, J. R. Emig, J. A. Fournier, K. B. Jenkins, P. P. Trautz, K. M. Seiler, S. W. Davis, J. F. TI A Langmuir probe diagnostic for time-of-flight measurements of transient plasmas produced by high-energy laser ablation SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY MAY 06-10, 2012 CL Monterey, CA AB We discuss here the development of a Langmuir probe (LP) diagnostic to examine high-density, high-temperature inhomogeneous plasmas such as those that can be created at the University of Rochester's Laboratory for Laser Energetics OMEGA facility. We have configured our diagnostic to examine the velocity of the plasma expanding from the target. We observe velocities of approximately 16-17 cm/mu s, with individual LP currents displaying complex structures, perhaps due to the multiple atomic species and ionization states that exist. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4739312] C1 [Patterson, J. R.; Emig, J. A.; Fournier, K. B.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. [Jenkins, P. P.; Trautz, K. M.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Seiler, S. W.; Davis, J. F.] Alme & Associates, Alexandria, VA 22307 USA. RP Patterson, JR (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM patterson31@llnl.gov NR 11 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 83 IS 10 AR 10D725 DI 10.1063/1.4739312 PN 2 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 043RB UT WOS:000311562900081 PM 23126899 ER PT J AU Pollock, BB Meinecke, J Kuschel, S Ross, JS Shaw, JL Stoafer, C Divol, L Tynan, GR Glenzer, SH AF Pollock, B. B. Meinecke, J. Kuschel, S. Ross, J. S. Shaw, J. L. Stoafer, C. Divol, L. Tynan, G. R. Glenzer, S. H. TI Simultaneous imaging electron- and ion-feature Thomson scattering measurements of radiatively heated Xe SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY MAY 06-10, 2012 CL Monterey, CA AB Uniform density and temperature Xe plasmas have been produced over >4 mm scale-lengths using x-rays generated in a cylindrical Pb cavity. The cavity is 750 mu m in depth and diameter, and is heated by a 300 J, 2 ns square, 1054 nm laser pulse focused to a spot size of 200 mu m at the cavity entrance. The plasma is characterized by simultaneous imaging Thomson scattering measurements from both the electron and ion scattering features. The electron feature measurement determines the spatial electron density and temperature profile, and using these parameters as constraints in the ion feature analysis allows an accurate determination of the charge state of the Xe ions. The Thomson scattering probe beam is 40 J, 200 ps, and 527 nm, and is focused to a 100 mu m spot size at the entrance of the Pb cavity. Each system has a spatial resolution of 25 mu m, a temporal resolution of 200 ps (as determined by the probe duration), and a spectral resolution of 2 nm for the electron feature system and 0.025 nm for the ion feature system. The experiment is performed in a Xe filled target chamber at a neutral pressure of 3-10 Torr, and the x-rays produced in the Pb ionize and heat the Xe to a charge state of 20 +/- 4 at up to 200 eV electron temperatures. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4740526] C1 [Pollock, B. B.; Meinecke, J.; Kuschel, S.; Ross, J. S.; Divol, L.; Glenzer, S. H.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Pollock, B. B.; Tynan, G. R.] Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Meinecke, J.] Univ Oxford, Oxford OX1 2JD, England. [Shaw, J. L.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Stoafer, C.] Columbia Univ, New York, NY 10027 USA. RP Pollock, BB (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, 7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM pollock6@llnl.gov NR 7 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 12 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 EI 1089-7623 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 83 IS 10 AR 10E348 DI 10.1063/1.4740526 PN 2 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 043RB UT WOS:000311562900195 PM 23127005 ER PT J AU Ren, X Tobias, BJ Che, S Domier, CW Luhmann, NC Muscatello, CM Kramer, G Valeo, E AF Ren, X. Tobias, B. J. Che, S. Domier, C. W. Luhmann, N. C., Jr. Muscatello, C. M., Jr. Kramer, G. Valeo, E. TI Evaluation of the operating space for density fluctuation measurements employing 2D imaging reflectometry SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY MAY 06-10, 2012 CL Monterey, CA AB Microwave imaging reflectometry provides broad poloidal coverage as a density fluctuation measurement tool. 2D imaging systems are evaluated for DIII-D relevant conditions using a full-wave reflectometer code, FWR2D. Reasonable correlation of the synthetic diagnostic signal with density fluctuations at the plasma cutoff surface for a wide range of fluctuation parameters is evaluated and achieved for coherent oscillations; also the frequency spectra are compared for relevant fluctuations. The consequences of non-idealities inherent to imaging fluctuations away from the plasma midplane, where receiving antennas view the plasma cutoff at oblique angles, are evaluated for the optimization of these systems. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4739076] C1 [Ren, X.; Che, S.; Domier, C. W.; Luhmann, N. C., Jr.; Muscatello, C. M., Jr.] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Tobias, B. J.; Kramer, G.; Valeo, E.] Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Ren, X (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM xren@ucdavis.edu NR 6 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 83 IS 10 AR 10E338 DI 10.1063/1.4739076 PN 2 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 043RB UT WOS:000311562900185 PM 23126996 ER PT J AU Rinderknecht, HG Johnson, MG Zylstra, AB Sinenian, N Rosenberg, MJ Frenje, JA Waugh, CJ Li, CK Seguin, FH Petrasso, RD Rygg, JR Kimbrough, JR MacPhee, A Collins, GW Hicks, D Mackinnon, A Bell, P Bionta, R Clancy, T Zacharias, R Doppner, T Park, HS LePape, S Landen, O Meezan, N Moses, EI Glebov, VU Stoeckl, C Sangster, TC Olson, R Kline, J Kilkenny, J AF Rinderknecht, H. G. Johnson, M. Gatu Zylstra, A. B. Sinenian, N. Rosenberg, M. J. Frenje, J. A. Waugh, C. J. Li, C. K. Seguin, F. H. Petrasso, R. D. Rygg, J. R. Kimbrough, J. R. MacPhee, A. Collins, G. W. Hicks, D. Mackinnon, A. Bell, P. Bionta, R. Clancy, T. Zacharias, R. Doeppner, T. Park, H. S. LePape, S. Landen, O. Meezan, N. Moses, E. I. Glebov, V. U. Stoeckl, C. Sangster, T. C. Olson, R. Kline, J. Kilkenny, J. TI A novel particle time of flight diagnostic for measurements of shock- and compression-bang times in (DHe)-He-3 and DT implosions at the NIF SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY MAY 06-10, 2012 CL Monterey, CA ID NATIONAL-IGNITION-FACILITY; PLASMAS AB The particle-time-of-flight (pTOF) diagnostic, fielded alongside a wedge range-filter (WRF) proton spectrometer, will provide an absolute timing for the shock-burn weighted rho R measurements that will validate the modeling of implosion dynamics at the National Ignition Facility (NIF). In the first phase of the project, pTOF has recorded accurate bang times in cryogenic DT, DT exploding pusher, and (DHe)-He-3 implosions using DD or DT neutrons with an accuracy better than +/- 70 ps. In the second phase of the project, a deflecting magnet will be incorporated into the pTOF design for simultaneous measurements of shock-and compression-bang times in (DHe)-He-3-filled surrogate implosions using (DHe)-He-3 protons and DD-neutrons, respectively. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4731000] C1 [Rinderknecht, H. G.; Johnson, M. Gatu; Zylstra, A. B.; Sinenian, N.; Rosenberg, M. J.; Frenje, J. A.; Waugh, C. J.; Li, C. K.; Seguin, F. H.; Petrasso, R. D.] MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Rygg, J. R.; Kimbrough, J. R.; MacPhee, A.; Collins, G. W.; Hicks, D.; Mackinnon, A.; Bell, P.; Bionta, R.; Clancy, T.; Zacharias, R.; Doeppner, T.; Park, H. S.; LePape, S.; Landen, O.; Meezan, N.; Moses, E. I.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Glebov, V. U.; Stoeckl, C.; Sangster, T. C.] Univ Rochester, Laser Energet Lab, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. [Olson, R.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87123 USA. [Kline, J.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Kilkenny, J.] Gen Atom Co, San Diego, CA 92121 USA. RP Rinderknecht, HG (reprint author), MIT, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. EM hgr@mit.edu RI MacKinnon, Andrew/P-7239-2014; Hicks, Damien/B-5042-2015; OI MacKinnon, Andrew/0000-0002-4380-2906; Hicks, Damien/0000-0001-8322-9983; /0000-0003-4969-5571 NR 12 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 12 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 EI 1089-7623 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 83 IS 10 AR 10D902 DI 10.1063/1.4731000 PN 2 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 043RB UT WOS:000311562900090 PM 23126906 ER PT J AU Ross, JS Park, HS Amendt, P Divol, L Kugland, NL Rozmus, W Glenzer, SH AF Ross, J. S. Park, H. -S. Amendt, P. Divol, L. Kugland, N. L. Rozmus, W. Glenzer, S. H. TI Thomson scattering diagnostic for the measurement of ion species fraction SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY MAY 06-10, 2012 CL Monterey, CA ID PLASMA; WAVES AB Simultaneous Thomson scattering measurements of collective electron-plasma and ion-acoustic fluctuations have been utilized to determine ion species fraction from laser produced CH plasmas. The CH2 foil is heated with 10 laser beams, 500 J per beam, at the Omega Laser facility. Thomson scattering measurements are made 4 mm from the foil surface using a 30 J 2 omega probe laser with a 1 ns pulse length. Using a series of target shots the plasma evolution is measured from 2.5 ns to 9 ns after the rise of the heater beams. Measuring the electron density and temperature from the electron-plasma fluctuations constrains the fit of the two-ion species theoretical form factor for the ion feature such that the ion temperature, plasma flow velocity and ion species fraction are determined. The ion species fraction is determined to an accuracy of +/- 0.06 in species fraction. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4731007] C1 [Ross, J. S.; Park, H. -S.; Amendt, P.; Divol, L.; Kugland, N. L.; Rozmus, W.; Glenzer, S. H.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. [Rozmus, W.] Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada. RP Ross, JS (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 808, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM ross36@llnl.gov NR 10 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 10 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 EI 1089-7623 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 83 IS 10 AR 10E323 DI 10.1063/1.4731007 PN 2 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 043RB UT WOS:000311562900170 PM 23126981 ER PT J AU Ross, PW Tran, V Chau, R AF Ross, P. W. Tran, V. Chau, R. TI High bandwidth differential amplifier for shock experiments SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY MAY 06-10, 2012 CL Monterey, CA ID GPA 1.4 MBAR; ELECTRICAL-CONDUCTIVITY; FLUID HYDROGEN; METALLIZATION; PRESSURES; TEMPERATURES; URANUS; WATER AB We developed a high bandwidth differential amplifier for gas gun shock experiments of low-resistance metals. The circuit has a bandwidth up to 1 GHz, and is capable of measuring signals of <= 1.5 V with a common mode rejection of 250 V. Conductivity measurements of gas gun targets are measured by flowing high currents through the targets. The voltage is measured across the target using a technique similar to a four-point probe. Because of the design of the current source and load, the target voltage is similar to 250 V relative to ground. Since the expected voltage change in the target is <1 V, the differential amplifier must have a large common mode rejection. Various amplifying designs are shown, although the increased amplification decreases bandwidth. Bench tests show that the amplifier can withstand significant common mode dc voltage and measure 10 ns, and 50 mV signals. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4732858] C1 [Ross, P. W.; Tran, V.] Natl Secur Technol LLC, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Chau, R.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Ross, PW (reprint author), Natl Secur Technol LLC, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM rosspw@nv.doe.gov NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 83 IS 10 AR 10D718 DI 10.1063/1.4732858 PN 2 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 043RB UT WOS:000311562900074 PM 23126892 ER PT J AU Ruiz, CL Chandler, GA Cooper, GW Fehl, DL Hahn, KD Leeper, RJ McWatters, BR Nelson, AJ Smelser, RM Snow, CS Torres, JA AF Ruiz, C. L. Chandler, G. A. Cooper, G. W. Fehl, D. L. Hahn, K. D. Leeper, R. J. McWatters, B. R. Nelson, A. J. Smelser, R. M. Snow, C. S. Torres, J. A. TI Progress in obtaining an absolute calibration of a total deuterium-tritium neutron yield diagnostic based on copper activation SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY MAY 06-10, 2012 CL Monterey, CA AB The 350-keV Cockroft-Walton accelerator at Sandia National laboratory's Ion Beam facility is being used to calibrate absolutely a total DT neutron yield diagnostic based on the Cu-63(n,2n)Cu-62(beta+) reaction. These investigations have led to first-order uncertainties approaching 5% or better. The experiments employ the associated-particle technique. Deuterons at 175 keV impinge a 2.6 mu m thick erbium tritide target producing 14.1 MeV neutrons from the T(d,n)He-4 reaction. The alpha particles emitted are measured at two angles relative to the beam direction and used to infer the neutron flux on a copper sample. The induced Cu-62 activity is then measured and related to the neutron flux. This method is known as the F-factor technique. Description of the associated-particle method, copper sample geometries employed, and the present estimates of the uncertainties to the F-factor obtained are given. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4729495] C1 [Ruiz, C. L.; Chandler, G. A.; Fehl, D. L.; Hahn, K. D.; Leeper, R. J.; McWatters, B. R.; Smelser, R. M.; Snow, C. S.; Torres, J. A.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Cooper, G. W.; Nelson, A. J.] Univ New Mexico, Chem & Nucl Engn Dept, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. RP Ruiz, CL (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM clruiz@sandia.gov NR 8 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 83 IS 10 AR 10D913 DI 10.1063/1.4729495 PN 2 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 043RB UT WOS:000311562900101 PM 23126916 ER PT J AU Sayre, DB Bernstein, LA Church, JA Herrmann, HW Stoeffl, W AF Sayre, D. B. Bernstein, L. A. Church, J. A. Herrmann, H. W. Stoeffl, W. TI Multi-shot analysis of the gamma reaction history diagnostic SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY MAY 06-10, 2012 CL Monterey, CA AB The gamma reaction history diagnostic at the National Ignition Facility has the capability to determine a number of important performance metrics for cryogenic deuterium-tritium implosions: the fusion burn width, bang time and yield, as well as the areal density of the compressed ablator. Extracting those values from the measured gamma rays of an implosion, requires accounting for a gamma-ray background in addition to the impulse response function of the instrument. To address these complications, we have constructed a model of the gamma-ray signal, and are developing a simultaneous multi-shot fitting routine to constrain its parameter space. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4729492] C1 [Sayre, D. B.; Bernstein, L. A.; Church, J. A.; Stoeffl, W.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Herrmann, H. W.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Sayre, DB (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM sayre4@llnl.gov NR 10 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 83 IS 10 AR 10D905 DI 10.1063/1.4729492 PN 2 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 043RB UT WOS:000311562900093 PM 23126909 ER PT J AU Schneider, MB Meezan, NB Alvarez, SS Alameda, J Baker, S Bell, PM Bradley, DK Callahan, DA Celeste, JR Dewald, EL Dixit, SN Doppner, T Eder, DC Edwards, MJ Fernandez-Perea, M Gullikson, E Haugh, MJ Hau-Riege, S Hsing, W Izumi, N Jones, OS Kalantar, DH Kilkenny, JD Kline, JL Kyrala, GA Landen, OL London, RA MacGowan, BJ MacKinnon, AJ Mccarville, TJ Milovich, JL Mirkarimi, P Moody, JD Moore, AS Myers, MD Palma, EA Palmer, N Pivovaroff, MJ Ralph, JE Robinson, J Soufli, R Suter, LJ Teruya, AT Thomas, CA Town, RP Vernon, SP Widmann, K Young, BK AF Schneider, M. B. Meezan, N. B. Alvarez, S. S. Alameda, J. Baker, S. Bell, P. M. Bradley, D. K. Callahan, D. A. Celeste, J. R. Dewald, E. L. Dixit, S. N. Doeppner, T. Eder, D. C. Edwards, M. J. Fernandez-Perea, M. Gullikson, E. Haugh, M. J. Hau-Riege, S. Hsing, W. Izumi, N. Jones, O. S. Kalantar, D. H. Kilkenny, J. D. Kline, J. L. Kyrala, G. A. Landen, O. L. London, R. A. MacGowan, B. J. MacKinnon, A. J. Mccarville, T. J. Milovich, J. L. Mirkarimi, P. Moody, J. D. Moore, A. S. Myers, M. D. Palma, E. A. Palmer, N. Pivovaroff, M. J. Ralph, J. E. Robinson, J. Soufli, R. Suter, L. J. Teruya, A. T. Thomas, C. A. Town, R. P. Vernon, S. P. Widmann, K. Young, B. K. TI Soft x-ray images of the laser entrance hole of ignition hohlraums SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY MAY 06-10, 2012 CL Monterey, CA ID FACILITY AB Hohlraums are employed at the national ignition facility to convert laser energy into a thermal x-radiation drive, which implodes a fusion capsule, thus compressing the fuel. The x-radiation drive is measured with a low spectral resolution, time-resolved x-ray spectrometer, which views the region around the hohlraum's laser entrance hole. This measurement has no spatial resolution. To convert this to the drive inside the hohlraum, the size of the hohlraum's opening ("clear aperture") and fraction of the measured x-radiation, which comes from this opening, must be known. The size of the clear aperture is measured with the time integrated static x-ray imager (SXI). A soft x-ray imaging channel has been added to the SXI to measure the fraction of x-radiation emitted from inside the clear aperture. A multilayer mirror plus filter selects an x-ray band centered at 870 eV, near the peak of the x-ray spectrum of a 300 eV blackbody. Results from this channel and corrections to the x-radiation drive are discussed. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4732850] C1 [Schneider, M. B.; Meezan, N. B.; Alvarez, S. S.; Alameda, J.; Baker, S.; Bell, P. M.; Bradley, D. K.; Callahan, D. A.; Celeste, J. R.; Dewald, E. L.; Dixit, S. N.; Doeppner, T.; Eder, D. C.; Edwards, M. J.; Fernandez-Perea, M.; Hau-Riege, S.; Hsing, W.; Izumi, N.; Jones, O. S.; Kalantar, D. H.; Landen, O. L.; London, R. A.; MacGowan, B. J.; MacKinnon, A. J.; Mccarville, T. J.; Milovich, J. L.; Mirkarimi, P.; Moody, J. D.; Myers, M. D.; Palma, E. A.; Palmer, N.; Pivovaroff, M. J.; Ralph, J. E.; Robinson, J.; Soufli, R.; Suter, L. J.; Teruya, A. T.; Thomas, C. A.; Town, R. P.; Vernon, S. P.; Widmann, K.; Young, B. K.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. [Gullikson, E.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Haugh, M. J.] Natl Secur Technol, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Kilkenny, J. D.] Gen Atom Co, Gen Atom Court, San Diego, CA 92121 USA. [Kline, J. L.; Kyrala, G. A.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Moore, A. S.] Atom Weap Estab, Reading RG7 4PR, Berks, England. RP Schneider, MB (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 808, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM schneider5@llnl.gov RI Pivovaroff, Michael/M-7998-2014; MacKinnon, Andrew/P-7239-2014; IZUMI, Nobuhiko/J-8487-2016; OI Pivovaroff, Michael/0000-0001-6780-6816; MacKinnon, Andrew/0000-0002-4380-2906; IZUMI, Nobuhiko/0000-0003-1114-597X; Kline, John/0000-0002-2271-9919 NR 9 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 11 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 83 IS 10 AR 10E525 DI 10.1063/1.4732850 PN 2 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 043RB UT WOS:000311562900222 PM 23127032 ER PT J AU Scotti, F Roquemore, AL Soukhanovskii, VA AF Scotti, Filippo Roquemore, A. L. Soukhanovskii, V. A. TI Full toroidal imaging of non-axisymmetric plasma material interaction in the National Spherical Torus Experiment divertor SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY MAY 06-10, 2012 CL Monterey, CA AB A pair of two dimensional fast cameras with a wide angle view (allowing a full radial and toroidal coverage of the lower divertor) was installed in the National Spherical Torus Experiment in order to monitor non-axisymmetric effects. A custom polar remapping procedure and an absolute photometric calibration enabled the easier visualization and quantitative analysis of non-axisymmetric plasma material interaction (e. g., strike point splitting due to application of 3D fields and effects of toroidally asymmetric plasma facing components). (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4739510] C1 [Scotti, Filippo; Roquemore, A. L.] Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. [Soukhanovskii, V. A.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Scotti, F (reprint author), Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. EM fscotti@pppl.gov NR 7 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 83 IS 10 AR 10E532 DI 10.1063/1.4739510 PN 2 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 043RB UT WOS:000311562900229 PM 23127038 ER PT J AU Shaughnessy, DA Velsko, CA Jedlovec, DR Yeamans, CB Moody, KJ Tereshatov, E Stoeffl, W Riddle, A AF Shaughnessy, D. A. Velsko, C. A. Jedlovec, D. R. Yeamans, C. B. Moody, K. J. Tereshatov, E. Stoeffl, W. Riddle, A. TI The Radiochemical Analysis of Gaseous Samples (RAGS) apparatus for nuclear diagnostics at the National Ignition Facility (invited) SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY MAY 06-10, 2012 CL Monterey, CA AB The Radiochemical Analysis of Gaseous Samples (RAGS) diagnostic apparatus was recently installed at the National Ignition Facility (NIF). Following a NIF shot, RAGS is used to pump the gas load from the NIF chamber for purification and isolation of the noble gases. After collection, the activated gaseous species are counted via gamma spectroscopy for measurement of the capsule areal density and fuel-ablator mix. Collection efficiency was determined by injecting a known amount of Xe-135 into the NIF chamber, which was then collected with RAGS. Commissioning was performed with an exploding pusher capsule filled with isotopically enriched Xe-124 and Xe-126 added to the DT gas fill. Activated xenon species were recovered post-shot and counted via gamma spectroscopy. Results from the collection and commissioning tests are presented. The performance of RAGS allows us to establish a noble gas collection method for measurement of noble gas species produced via neutron and charged particle reactions in a NIF capsule. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4742145] C1 [Shaughnessy, D. A.; Velsko, C. A.; Jedlovec, D. R.; Yeamans, C. B.; Moody, K. J.; Tereshatov, E.; Stoeffl, W.; Riddle, A.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Shaughnessy, DA (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 808,L-236, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM shaughnessy2@llnl.gov NR 6 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 15 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 83 IS 10 AR 10D917 DI 10.1063/1.4742145 PN 2 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 043RB UT WOS:000311562900105 PM 23126919 ER PT J AU Shi, YJ Lee, SG Hill, KW Bitter, M AF Shi, Y. J. Lee, S. G. Hill, K. W. Bitter, M. TI Inversion technique to obtain local rotation velocity and ion temperature from line-integrated measurements for elongated tokamak plasma SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY MAY 06-10, 2012 CL Monterey, CA ID CRYSTAL SPECTROMETER; PROFILES AB An inversion technique is presented to calculate local toroidal and poloidal rotation velocity and ion temperature from line-integrated measurements of impurity lines by a matrix method. The effects of the rotation velocity on the ion temperature are analyzed in particular. An accurate inversion formula for the ion temperature is obtained. Several experimental geometries or configurations of line-integrated diagnostics in tokamaks are presented. For a plasma that is up-down symmetric, both the toroidal rotation velocity and poloidal rotation velocity can be deduced from one special line-integrated measurement. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4733732] C1 [Shi, Y. J.] Natl Fus Res Inst, WCI Ctr Fus Theory, Taejon 305806, South Korea. [Shi, Y. J.] Univ Sci & Technol China, Hefei 230026, Peoples R China. [Hill, K. W.; Bitter, M.] Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Shi, YJ (reprint author), Natl Fus Res Inst, WCI Ctr Fus Theory, Taejon 305806, South Korea. EM yjshi@nfri.re.kr NR 10 TC 3 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 12 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 83 IS 10 AR 10D717 DI 10.1063/1.4733732 PN 2 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 043RB UT WOS:000311562900073 PM 23126891 ER PT J AU Skinner, CH Gentile, CA Doerner, R AF Skinner, C. H. Gentile, C. A. Doerner, R. TI Simultaneous imaging/reflectivity measurements to assess diagnostic mirror cleaning SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY MAY 06-10, 2012 CL Monterey, CA ID SURFACE; PLASMA AB Practical methods to clean ITER's diagnostic mirrors and restore reflectivity will be critical to ITER's plasma operations. We describe a technique to assess the efficacy of mirror cleaning techniques and detect any damage to the mirror surface. The method combines microscopic imaging and reflectivity measurements in the red, green, and blue spectral regions and at selected wavelengths. The method has been applied to laser cleaning of single crystal molybdenum mirrors coated with either carbon or beryllium films 150-420 nm thick. It is suitable for hazardous materials such as beryllium as the mirrors remain sealed in a vacuum chamber. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4733538] C1 [Skinner, C. H.; Gentile, C. A.] Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. [Doerner, R.] Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. RP Skinner, CH (reprint author), Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. EM cskinner@pppl.gov RI Skinner, Charles/C-2314-2013 NR 8 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 83 IS 10 AR 10D512 DI 10.1063/1.4733538 PN 2 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 043RB UT WOS:000311562900031 PM 23126854 ER PT J AU Soukhanovskii, VA Gerhardt, SP Kaita, R McLean, AG Raman, R AF Soukhanovskii, V. A. Gerhardt, S. P. Kaita, R. McLean, A. G. Raman, R. TI Diagnostic options for radiative divertor feedback control on NSTX-U SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY MAY 06-10, 2012 CL Monterey, CA ID SCRAPE-OFF LAYER; ALCATOR C-MOD; PARTICLE CONTROL; ERGODIC DIVERTOR; ASDEX UPGRADE; TORE-SUPRA; CHAPTER 4; TOKAMAK; PLASMA; DISCHARGES AB A radiative divertor technique is used in present tokamak experiments and planned for ITER to mitigate high heat loads on divertor plasma-facing components (PFCs) to prevent excessive material erosion and thermal damage. In NSTX, a large spherical tokamak with lithium-coated graphite PFCs and high divertor heat flux (q(peak) <= 15 MW/m(2)), radiative divertor experiments have demonstrated a significant reduction of divertor peak heat flux simultaneously with good core H-mode confinement using pre-programmed D-2 or CD4 gas injections. In this work diagnostic options for a new real-time feedback control system for active radiative divertor detachment control in NSTX-U, where steady-state peak divertor heat fluxes are projected to reach 20-30 MW/m(2), are discussed. Based on the NSTX divertor detachment measurements and analysis, the control diagnostic signals available for NSTX-U include divertor radiated power, neutral pressure, spectroscopic deuterium recombination signatures, infrared thermography of PFC surfaces, and thermoelectric scrape-off layer current. In addition, spectroscopic "security" monitoring of possible confinement or pedestal degradation is recommended. These signals would be implemented in a digital plasma control system to manage the divertor detachment process via an actuator (impurity gas seeding rate). (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4732176] C1 [Soukhanovskii, V. A.; McLean, A. G.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Gerhardt, S. P.; Kaita, R.] Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA. [Raman, R.] Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Soukhanovskii, VA (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 30 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 17 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 83 IS 10 AR 10D716 DI 10.1063/1.4732176 PN 2 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 043RB UT WOS:000311562900072 PM 23126890 ER PT J AU Steel, AB Nagel, SR Dunn, J Baldis, HA AF Steel, A. B. Nagel, S. R. Dunn, J. Baldis, H. A. TI Simultaneous high-resolution two-dimensional spatial and one-dimensional picosecond streaked x-ray pinhole imaging SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY MAY 06-10, 2012 CL Monterey, CA ID PHOTO-CATHODES; CAMERA AB A Kentech x-ray streak camera was run at the LLNL compact multipulse terawatt (COMET) laser to record simultaneous space-and time-resolved measurements of picosecond laser-produced plasmas. Four different x-ray energy channels were monitored using broadband filters to record the time history of Cu targets heated at irradiances of 10(16)-10(19) W/cm(2). Through the Cu filter channel, a time-resolution below 3 ps was obtained. Additionally, an array of 10 mu m diameter pinholes was placed in front of the camera to produce multiple time-resolved x-ray images on the photocathode and time-integrated images on the phosphor with 10 and 15 times magnification, respectively, with spatial resolution of < 13 mu m. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4729668] C1 [Steel, A. B.; Nagel, S. R.; Dunn, J.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Steel, A. B.; Baldis, H. A.] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Steel, AB (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM steel1@llnl.gov NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 11 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 83 IS 10 AR 10E504 DI 10.1063/1.4729668 PN 2 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 043RB UT WOS:000311562900201 PM 23127011 ER PT J AU Stoschus, H Thomas, DM Hudson, B Burgos, JMM Schweinzer, J AF Stoschus, H. Thomas, D. M. Hudson, B. Burgos, J. M. Munoz Schweinzer, J. TI Comparison of collisional radiative models for edge electron density reconstruction from Li I (2s-2p) emission profiles SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY MAY 06-10, 2012 CL Monterey, CA ID CROSS-SECTIONS; DIII-D; ATOMS; IONS; IONIZATION; PROTONS; TOKAMAK; SYSTEM AB Four collisional radiative models (CRMs) for reconstruction of the edge electron density profile from the measured Li I (2s-2p) emission profile of an accelerated lithium beam are compared using experimental data from DIII-D. It is shown for both L- and H-mode plasmas that edge density profiles reconstructed with the CRMs DDD2, ABSOLUT, [Sasaki et al. Rev. Sci. Instrum. 64, 1699 (1993)] and a new model developed at DIII-D agree in a density scan from n(e)(ped) = (2.0-6.5) x 10(19) m(-3) within 20%, 20%, <5%, and 40%, respectively, of the pedestal density measured with Thomson scattering. Profile shape and absolute density vary in a scan of the effective ion charge Z(eff) = 1-6 up to a factor of two but agree with Thomson data for Z(eff) = 1-2 within the error bars. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4731008] C1 [Stoschus, H.; Hudson, B.; Burgos, J. M. Munoz] Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Thomas, D. M.] Gen Atom Co, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. [Schweinzer, J.] EURATOM, Max Planck Inst Plasmaphys, D-85748 Garching, Germany. RP Stoschus, H (reprint author), Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM stoschus@fusion.gat.com RI Schweinzer, Josef/C-9242-2009 NR 19 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 10 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 83 IS 10 AR 10D508 DI 10.1063/1.4731008 PN 2 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 043RB UT WOS:000311562900027 PM 23126851 ER PT J AU Taylor, CN Heim, B Gonderman, S Allain, JP Yang, Z Kaita, R Roquemore, AL Skinner, CH Ellis, RA AF Taylor, C. N. Heim, B. Gonderman, S. Allain, J. P. Yang, Z. Kaita, R. Roquemore, A. L. Skinner, C. H. Ellis, R. A. TI Materials analysis and particle probe: A compact diagnostic system for in situ analysis of plasma-facing components (invited) SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY MAY 06-10, 2012 CL Monterey, CA ID SURFACE AB The objective of the materials analysis particle probe (MAPP) in NSTX is to enable prompt and direct analysis of plasma-facing components exposed to plasma discharges. MAPP allows multiple samples to be introduced to the level of the plasma-facing surface without breaking vacuum and analyzed using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), ion-scattering and direct recoil spectroscopy, and thermal desorption spectroscopy (TDS) immediately following the plasma discharge. MAPP is designed to operate as a diagnostic within the similar to 12 min NSTX minimum between-shot time window to reveal fundamental plasma-surface interactions. Initial calibration demonstrates MAPP's XPS and TDS capabilities. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4729262] C1 [Taylor, C. N.; Heim, B.; Gonderman, S.; Allain, J. P.; Yang, Z.] Purdue Univ, Sch Nucl Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Kaita, R.; Roquemore, A. L.; Skinner, C. H.; Ellis, R. A.] Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Allain, JP (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Sch Nucl Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. EM allain@purdue.edu RI Yang, Zhangcan/A-7530-2013; Skinner, Charles/C-2314-2013; OI Allain, Jean Paul/0000-0003-1348-262X NR 31 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 13 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 EI 1089-7623 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 83 IS 10 AR 10D703 DI 10.1063/1.4729262 PN 2 PG 6 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 043RB UT WOS:000311562900059 PM 23126877 ER PT J AU Thomas, DM Grierson, BA Burgos, JMM Van Zeeland, MA AF Thomas, D. M. Grierson, B. A. Burgos, J. M. Munoz Van Zeeland, M. A. TI Determination of neutral beam energy fractions from collisional radiative measurements on DIII-D SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY MAY 06-10, 2012 CL Monterey, CA ID DOPPLER-SHIFT SPECTROSCOPY; ION SPECIES MIX; D DIVERTOR; EMISSION; INJECTION; HYDROGEN; DIVERGENCE; TOKAMAKS; PLASMAS; 120-KV AB Neutral beams based on positive ion source technology are a key component of contemporary fusion research. An accurate assessment of the injected beam species mix is important for determining the actual plasma heating and momentum input as well as proper interpretation of beam-based diagnostics. On DIII-D, the main ion charge-exchange spectroscopy system is used to extract well-resolved intensity ratios of the Doppler-shifted D-alpha emission from the full, half, and third energy beam components for a variety of beam operational parameters. In conjunction with accurate collisional-radiative modeling, these measurements indicate the assumed species mix and power fractions can vary significantly and should be regularly monitored and updated for the most accurate interpretation of plasma performance. In addition, if stable active control of the power fractions can be achieved through appropriate source tuning, the resulting control over the deposition profile can serve as an additional experimental knob for advanced tokamak studies, e. g., varying the off axis beam current drive without altering the beam trajectory. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4733614] C1 [Thomas, D. M.; Van Zeeland, M. A.] Gen Atom Co, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. [Grierson, B. A.] Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. [Burgos, J. M. Munoz] Oak Ridge Inst Sci Educ, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Thomas, DM (reprint author), Gen Atom Co, POB 85608, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. EM thomas@fusion.gat.com NR 37 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 19 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 83 IS 10 AR 10D518 DI 10.1063/1.4733614 PN 2 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 043RB UT WOS:000311562900037 PM 23126859 ER PT J AU Tobias, BJ Austin, ME Boom, JE Burrell, KH Classen, IGJ Domier, CW Luhmann, NC Nazikian, R Snyder, PB AF Tobias, B. J. Austin, M. E. Boom, J. E. Burrell, K. H. Classen, I. G. J. Domier, C. W. Luhmann, N. C., Jr. Nazikian, R. Snyder, P. B. TI ECE-imaging of the H-mode pedestal (invited) SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY MAY 06-10, 2012 CL Monterey, CA ID ELECTRON-CYCLOTRON EMISSION; DIII-D TOKAMAK; PLASMAS; EDGE; STABILITY; PERTURBATIONS; DYNAMICS; ELMS AB A synthetic diagnostic has been developed that reproduces the highly structured electron cyclotron emission (ECE) spectrum radiated from the edge region of H-mode discharges. The modeled dependence on local perturbations of the equilibrium plasma pressure allows for interpretation of ECE data for diagnosis of local quantities. Forward modeling of the diagnostic response in this region allows for improved mapping of the observed fluctuations to flux surfaces within the plasma, allowing for the poloidal mode number of coherent structures to be resolved. In addition, other spectral features that are dependent on both T-e and n(e) contain information about pedestal structure and the electron energy distribution of localized phenomena, such as edge filaments arising during edge-localized mode (ELM) activity. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4733742] C1 [Tobias, B. J.; Nazikian, R.] Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. [Austin, M. E.] Univ Texas Austin, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Boom, J. E.; Classen, I. G. J.] Dutch Inst Fundamental Energy Res, NL-3430 BE Nieuwegein, Netherlands. [Burrell, K. H.; Snyder, P. B.] Gen Atom Co, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. [Domier, C. W.; Luhmann, N. C., Jr.] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Tobias, BJ (reprint author), Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. EM bjtobias@pppl.gov NR 24 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 3 U2 9 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 83 IS 10 AR 10E329 DI 10.1063/1.4733742 PN 2 PG 6 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 043RB UT WOS:000311562900176 PM 23126987 ER PT J AU Unterberg, EA Schmitz, O Fehling, DH Stoschus, H Klepper, CC Munoz-Burgos, JM Van Wassenhove, G Hillis, DL AF Unterberg, E. A. Schmitz, O. Fehling, D. H. Stoschus, H. Klepper, C. C. Munoz-Burgos, J. M. Van Wassenhove, G. Hillis, D. L. TI HELIOS: A helium line-ratio spectral-monitoring diagnostic used to generate high resolution profiles near the ion cyclotron resonant heating antenna on TEXTOR SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY MAY 06-10, 2012 CL Monterey, CA ID PLASMAS; SYSTEM AB Radial profiles of electron temperature and density are measured at high spatial (similar to 1 mm) and temporal (>= 10 mu s) resolution using a thermal supersonic helium jet. A highly accurate detection system is applied to well-developed collisional-radiative model codes to produce the profiles. Agreement between this measurement and an edge Thomson scattering measurement is found to be within the error bars (less than or similar to 20%). The diagnostic is being used to give profiles near the ion cyclotron resonant heating antenna on TEXTOR to better understand RF coupling to the core. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4739236] C1 [Unterberg, E. A.; Fehling, D. H.; Klepper, C. C.; Hillis, D. L.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Schmitz, O.; Stoschus, H.] Forschungszentrum Julich, Insitut Energieforsch Plasmaphys, Assoc EURATOM FZJ, D-52428 Julich, Germany. [Stoschus, H.; Munoz-Burgos, J. M.] Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Van Wassenhove, G.] Assoc EURATOM Belgian State, LPP ERM KMS, B-1000 Brussels, Belgium. RP Unterberg, EA (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM unterberge@fusion.gat.com RI Unterberg, Ezekial/F-5240-2016 OI Unterberg, Ezekial/0000-0003-1353-8865 NR 12 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 11 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 EI 1089-7623 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 83 IS 10 AR 10D722 DI 10.1063/1.4739236 PN 2 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 043RB UT WOS:000311562900078 PM 23126896 ER PT J AU Vernon, SP Lowry, ME Baker, KL Bennett, CV Celeste, JR Cerjan, C Haynes, S Hernandez, VJ Hsing, WW LaCaille, GA London, RA Moran, B von Wittenau, AS Steele, PT Stewart, RE AF Vernon, S. P. Lowry, M. E. Baker, K. L. Bennett, C. V. Celeste, J. R. Cerjan, C. Haynes, S. Hernandez, V. J. Hsing, W. W. LaCaille, G. A. London, R. A. Moran, B. von Wittenau, A. Schach Steele, P. T. Stewart, R. E. TI X-ray bang-time and fusion reaction history at picosecond resolution using RadOptic detection SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY MAY 06-10, 2012 CL Monterey, CA ID OPTICAL PROBE BEAM; DIRECT MODULATION; RADSENSOR AB We report recent progress in the development of RadOptic detectors, radiation to optical converters, that rely upon x-ray absorption induced modulation of the optical refractive index of a semiconductor sensor medium to amplitude modulate an optical probe beam. The sensor temporal response is determined by the dynamics of the electron-hole pair creation and subsequent relaxation in the sensor medium. Response times of a few ps have been demonstrated in a series of experiments conducted at the LLNL Jupiter Laser Facility (JLF). This technology will enable x-ray bang-time and fusion burn-history measurements with similar to ps resolution. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4729677] C1 [Vernon, S. P.; Lowry, M. E.; Baker, K. L.; Bennett, C. V.; Celeste, J. R.; Cerjan, C.; Haynes, S.; Hernandez, V. J.; Hsing, W. W.; LaCaille, G. A.; London, R. A.; Moran, B.; von Wittenau, A. Schach; Steele, P. T.; Stewart, R. E.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Vernon, SP (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 808, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM vernon1@llnl.gov RI Bennett, Corey/C-2403-2009 OI Bennett, Corey/0000-0003-4365-5739 NR 7 TC 5 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 18 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 83 IS 10 AR 10D307 DI 10.1063/1.4729677 PN 2 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 043RB UT WOS:000311562900008 PM 23126834 ER PT J AU Wang, E Beiersdorfer, P Bitter, M Delgado-Aparicio, LF Hill, KW Pablant, N AF Wang, E. Beiersdorfer, P. Bitter, M. Delgado-Aparicio, L. F. Hill, K. W. Pablant, N. TI Optimization of the configuration of pixilated detectors based on the Shannon-Nyquist theory SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY MAY 06-10, 2012 CL Monterey, CA AB The configurations of pixilated detectors for x-ray imaging crystal spectrometers and x-ray pinhole cameras can be optimized based on the Shannon-Nyquist sampling and interpolation theory, since the observed spectra are typically oversampled. The degree of oversampling is quantified and alternative uses for redundant pixels are proposed. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4746998] C1 [Wang, E.; Beiersdorfer, P.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Bitter, M.; Delgado-Aparicio, L. F.; Hill, K. W.; Pablant, N.] Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Wang, E (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM ericwang1980@gmail.com NR 7 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 83 IS 10 AR 10E139 DI 10.1063/1.4746998 PN 2 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 043RB UT WOS:000311562900147 PM 23126960 ER PT J AU Wang, ZH Morris, CL Kapustinsky, JS Kwiatkowski, K Luo, SN AF Wang, Zhehui Morris, C. L. Kapustinsky, J. S. Kwiatkowski, K. Luo, S. -N. TI Towards hard x-ray imaging at GHz frame rate SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY MAY 06-10, 2012 CL Monterey, CA ID HIGH-SPEED AB Gigahertz (GHz) imaging using hard x-rays (greater than or similar to 10 keV) can be useful to high-temperature plasma experiments, as well as research and applications using coherent photons from synchrotron radiation and x-ray free electron lasers. GHz framing rate can be achieved by using multiple cameras through multiplexing. The advantages and trade-offs of single-photon detection mode, when no more than one x-ray photon is detected per pixel, are given. Two possible paths towards x-ray imaging at GHz frame rates using a single camera are: (a) avalanche photodiode arrays of high-Z materials and (b) microchannel plate photomultipliers in conjunction with materials with large indices of refraction. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4731748] C1 [Wang, Zhehui; Morris, C. L.; Kapustinsky, J. S.; Kwiatkowski, K.; Luo, S. -N.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Wang, ZH (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM zwang@lanl.gov RI Luo, Sheng-Nian /D-2257-2010; OI Luo, Sheng-Nian /0000-0002-7538-0541; Morris, Christopher/0000-0003-2141-0255 NR 18 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 12 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 83 IS 10 AR 10E510 DI 10.1063/1.4731748 PN 2 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 043RB UT WOS:000311562900207 PM 23127017 ER PT J AU Watkins, JG Rajpal, R Mandaliya, H Watkins, M Boivin, RL AF Watkins, J. G. Rajpal, R. Mandaliya, H. Watkins, M. Boivin, R. L. TI Embedded calibration system for the DIII-D Langmuir probe analog fiber optic links SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY MAY 06-10, 2012 CL Monterey, CA AB This paper describes a generally applicable technique for simultaneously measuring offset and gain of 64 analog fiber optic data links used for the DIII-D fixed Langmuir probes by embedding a reference voltage waveform in the optical transmitted signal before every tokamak shot. The calibrated data channels allow calibration of the power supply control fiber optic links as well. The array of fiber optic links and the embedded calibration system described here makes possible the use of superior modern data acquisition electronics in the control room. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4731761] C1 [Watkins, J. G.] Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA USA. [Rajpal, R.; Mandaliya, H.] Inst Plasma Res, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India. [Watkins, M.; Boivin, R. L.] Gen Atom Co, San Diego, CA USA. RP Watkins, JG (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA USA. EM watkins@fusion.gat.com NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 83 IS 10 AR 10D710 DI 10.1063/1.4731761 PN 2 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 043RB UT WOS:000311562900066 PM 23126884 ER PT J AU Weber, TR Allen, SL Howard, J AF Weber, T. R. Allen, S. L. Howard, J. TI C-III flow measurements with a coherence imaging spectrometer SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY MAY 06-10, 2012 CL Monterey, CA ID DIII-D DIVERTOR AB This work describes a coherence imaging spectrometer capable of making spatially resolved CIII flow measurements in the DIII-D lower divertor. The spectrometer exploits a periscope view of the plasma to produce line-of-sight averaged velocity measurements of CIII. From these chord averaged flow measurements, a 2D poloidal cross section of the CIII flow is tomographically reconstructed. Details of the diagnostic setup, acquired data, and data analysis will be presented, along with prospects for future applications. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4728311] C1 [Weber, T. R.; Allen, S. L.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Howard, J.] Australian Natl Univ, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia. RP Weber, TR (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM webert@fusion.gat.com NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 83 IS 10 AR 10E102 DI 10.1063/1.4728311 PN 2 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 043RB UT WOS:000311562900110 PM 23126924 ER PT J AU Weller, ME Safronova, AS Clementson, J Kantsyrev, VL Safronova, UI Beiersdorfer, P Petkov, EE Wilcox, PG Osborne, GC AF Weller, M. E. Safronova, A. S. Clementson, J. Kantsyrev, V. L. Safronova, U. I. Beiersdorfer, P. Petkov, E. E. Wilcox, P. G. Osborne, G. C. TI Extreme ultraviolet spectroscopy and modeling of Cu on the SSPX Spheromak and laser plasma "Sparky" SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY MAY 06-10, 2012 CL Monterey, CA ID COPPER AB Impurities play a critical role in magnetic fusion research. In large quantities, impurities can cool and dilute plasma creating problems for achieving ignition and burn; however in smaller amounts the impurities could provide valuable information about several plasma parameters through the use of spectroscopy. Many impurity ions radiate within the extreme ultraviolet (EUV) range. Here, we report on spectra from the silver flat field spectrometer, which was implemented at the Sustained Spheromak Physics experiment (SSPX) to monitor ion impurity emissions. The chamber within the SSPX was made of Cu, which makes M-shell Cu a prominent impurity signature. The Spect3D spectral analysis code was utilized to identify spectral features in the range of 115-315 angstrom and to more fully understand the plasma conditions. A second set of experiments was carried out on the compact laser-plasma x-ray/EUV facility "Sparky" at UNR, with Cu flat targets used. The EUV spectra were recorded between 40-300 angstrom and compared with results from SSPX. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4727916] C1 [Weller, M. E.; Safronova, A. S.; Kantsyrev, V. L.; Safronova, U. I.; Petkov, E. E.; Wilcox, P. G.; Osborne, G. C.] Univ Nevada, Reno, NV 89557 USA. [Clementson, J.; Beiersdorfer, P.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Weller, ME (reprint author), Univ Nevada, Reno, NV 89557 USA. EM mweller@unr.edu NR 16 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 83 IS 10 AR 10E101 DI 10.1063/1.4727916 PN 2 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 043RB UT WOS:000311562900109 PM 23126923 ER PT J AU Wurden, GA Coffey, SK AF Wurden, G. A. Coffey, S. K. TI A multi-frame soft x-ray pinhole imaging diagnostic for single-shot applications SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY MAY 06-10, 2012 CL Monterey, CA ID CAMERA AB For high energy density magnetized target fusion experiments at the Air Force Research Laboratory FRCHX machine, obtaining multi-frame soft x-ray images of the field reversed configuration (FRC) plasma as it is being compressed will provide useful dynamics and symmetry information. However, vacuum hardware will be destroyed during the implosion. We have designed a simple in-vacuum pinhole nosecone attachment, fitting onto a Conflat window, coated with 3.2 mg/cm(2) of P-47 phosphor, and covered with a thin 50-nm aluminum reflective overcoat, lens-coupled to a multi-frame Hadland Ultra intensified digital camera. We compare visible and soft x-ray axial images of translating (similar to 200 eV) plasmas in the FRX-L and FRCHX machines in Los Alamos and Albuquerque. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4733536] C1 [Wurden, G. A.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Coffey, S. K.] NumerEx LLC, Albuquerque, NM 87106 USA. RP Wurden, GA (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM wurden@lanl.gov RI Wurden, Glen/A-1921-2017 OI Wurden, Glen/0000-0003-2991-1484 NR 8 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 83 IS 10 AR 10E516 DI 10.1063/1.4733536 PN 2 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 043RB UT WOS:000311562900213 PM 23127023 ER PT J AU Yeamans, CB Bleuel, DL Bernstein, LA AF Yeamans, C. B. Bleuel, D. L. Bernstein, L. A. TI Enhanced NIF neutron activation diagnostics SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY MAY 06-10, 2012 CL Monterey, CA ID CROSS-SECTIONS; RATIOS AB The NIF neutron activation diagnostic suite relies on removable activation samples, leading to operational inefficiencies and a fundamental lower limit on the half-life of the activated product that can be observed. A neutron diagnostic system measuring activation of permanently installed samples could remove these limitations and significantly enhance overall neutron diagnostic capabilities. The physics and engineering aspects of two proposed systems are considered: one measuring the Zr-89/(89)mZr isomer ratio in the existing Zr activation medium and the other using potassium zirconate as the activation medium. Both proposed systems could improve the signal-to-noise ratio of the current system by at least a factor of 5 and would allow independent measurement of fusion core velocity and fuel areal density. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4739230] C1 [Yeamans, C. B.; Bleuel, D. L.; Bernstein, L. A.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Yeamans, CB (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM yeamans1@llnl.gov NR 8 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 83 IS 10 AR 10D315 DI 10.1063/1.4739230 PN 2 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 043RB UT WOS:000311562900016 PM 23126841 ER PT J AU Zhu, YB Bortolon, A Heidbrink, WW Celle, SL Roquemore, AL AF Zhu, Y. B. Bortolon, A. Heidbrink, W. W. Celle, S. L. Roquemore, A. L. TI Compact solid-state neutral particle analyzer in current mode SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY MAY 06-10, 2012 CL Monterey, CA ID SPHERICAL TORUS EXPERIMENT; DIII-D; ARRAY; IONS AB Solid state neutral particle analyzer (ssNPA) arrays are operated in current mode on the DIII-D tokamak and the National Spherical Torus Experiment (NSTX). Compared with conventional pulse-counting NPAs, current-mode operation sacrifices energy resolution to obtain economical, high-bandwidth, pitch-angle resolved measurements. With the success from a new three-channel near-vertical-view current mode ssNPA on DIII-D, the apertures on an existing array on NSTX were expanded to increase the particle influx. The sightlines of both arrays intersect heating beams, enabling both active and passive charge exchange measurements. The spatial resolution at beam intersection is typically 5 cm on both devices. Directly deposited ultra-thin foils on the detector surface block stray photons below the energy of 1 keV and also set low energy threshold about 25 keV for deuterium particle detection. Oscillations in neutral flux produced by high frequency magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) instabilities are readily detected. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4732070] C1 [Zhu, Y. B.; Bortolon, A.; Heidbrink, W. W.] Univ Calif Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. [Celle, S. L.] Gen Atom Co, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. [Roquemore, A. L.] Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Zhu, YB (reprint author), Univ Calif Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. EM yubaoz@uci.edu RI Bortolon, Alessandro/H-5764-2015 OI Bortolon, Alessandro/0000-0002-0094-0209 NR 20 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 10 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 EI 1089-7623 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 83 IS 10 AR 10D304 DI 10.1063/1.4732070 PN 2 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 043RB UT WOS:000311562900005 PM 23126831 ER PT J AU Zylstra, AB Frenje, JA Seguin, FH Rosenberg, MJ Rinderknecht, HG Johnson, MG Casey, DT Sinenian, N Manuel, MJE Waugh, CJ Sio, HW Li, CK Petrasso, RD Friedrich, S Knittel, K Bionta, R McKernan, M Callahan, D Collins, GW Dewald, E Doppner, T Edwards, MJ Glenzer, S Hicks, DG Landen, OL London, R Mackinnon, A Meezan, N Prasad, RR Ralph, J Richardson, M Rygg, JR Sepke, S Weber, S Zacharias, R Moses, E Kilkenny, J Nikroo, A Sangster, TC Glebov, V Stoeckl, C Olson, R Leeper, RJ Kline, J Kyrala, G Wilson, D AF Zylstra, A. B. Frenje, J. A. Seguin, F. H. Rosenberg, M. J. Rinderknecht, H. G. Johnson, M. Gatu Casey, D. T. Sinenian, N. Manuel, M. J. -E. Waugh, C. J. Sio, H. W. Li, C. K. Petrasso, R. D. Friedrich, S. Knittel, K. Bionta, R. McKernan, M. Callahan, D. Collins, G. W. Dewald, E. Doeppner, T. Edwards, M. J. Glenzer, S. Hicks, D. G. Landen, O. L. London, R. Mackinnon, A. Meezan, N. Prasad, R. R. Ralph, J. Richardson, M. Rygg, J. R. Sepke, S. Weber, S. Zacharias, R. Moses, E. Kilkenny, J. Nikroo, A. Sangster, T. C. Glebov, V. Stoeckl, C. Olson, R. Leeper, R. J. Kline, J. Kyrala, G. Wilson, D. TI Charged-particle spectroscopy for diagnosing shock rho R and strength in NIF implosions SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics CY MAY 06-10, 2012 CL Monterey, CA ID INERTIAL-CONFINEMENT-FUSION; NATIONAL-IGNITION-FACILITY; OMEGA; PLASMAS AB The compact Wedge Range Filter (WRF) proton spectrometer was developed for OMEGA and transferred to the National Ignition Facility (NIF) as a National Ignition Campaign diagnostic. The WRF measures the spectrum of protons from D-He-3 reactions in tuning-campaign implosions containing D and He-3 gas; in this work we report on the first proton spectroscopy measurement on the NIF using WRFs. The energy downshift of the 14.7-MeV proton is directly related to the total rho R through the plasma stopping power. Additionally, the shock proton yield is measured, which is a metric of the final merged shock strength. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4729672] C1 [Zylstra, A. B.; Frenje, J. A.; Seguin, F. H.; Rosenberg, M. J.; Rinderknecht, H. G.; Johnson, M. Gatu; Casey, D. T.; Sinenian, N.; Manuel, M. J. -E.; Waugh, C. J.; Sio, H. W.; Li, C. K.; Petrasso, R. D.] MIT, Plasma Sci & Fus Ctr, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Friedrich, S.; Knittel, K.; Bionta, R.; McKernan, M.; Callahan, D.; Collins, G. W.; Dewald, E.; Doeppner, T.; Edwards, M. J.; Glenzer, S.; Hicks, D. G.; Landen, O. L.; London, R.; Mackinnon, A.; Meezan, N.; Prasad, R. R.; Ralph, J.; Richardson, M.; Rygg, J. R.; Sepke, S.; Weber, S.; Zacharias, R.; Moses, E.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Kilkenny, J.; Nikroo, A.] Gen Atom Co, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. [Sangster, T. C.; Glebov, V.; Stoeckl, C.] Univ Rochester, Laser Energet Lab, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. [Olson, R.; Leeper, R. J.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Kline, J.; Kyrala, G.; Wilson, D.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Zylstra, AB (reprint author), MIT, Plasma Sci & Fus Ctr, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. EM zylstra@mit.edu RI MacKinnon, Andrew/P-7239-2014; Hicks, Damien/B-5042-2015; Manuel, Mario/L-3213-2015 OI MacKinnon, Andrew/0000-0002-4380-2906; Hicks, Damien/0000-0001-8322-9983; Manuel, Mario/0000-0002-5834-1161 NR 25 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 2 U2 11 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 83 IS 10 AR 10D901 DI 10.1063/1.4729672 PN 2 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 043RB UT WOS:000311562900089 PM 23126905 ER PT J AU Yuzawa, S Kim, W Katz, L Keasling, JD AF Yuzawa, Satoshi Kim, Woncheol Katz, Leonard Keasling, Jay D. TI Heterologous production of polyketides by modular type I polyketide synthases in Escherichia coli SO CURRENT OPINION IN BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Review ID AUTOTROPHIC CO2 FIXATION; 6-DEOXYERYTHRONOLIDE B SYNTHASE; ENZYME-SUBSTRATE INTERACTIONS; PROTEIN-PROTEIN INTERACTIONS; COENZYME-A REDUCTASE; 3-HYDROXYPROPIONATE CYCLE; ENGINEERED BIOSYNTHESIS; FUNCTIONAL-ANALYSIS; CHLOROFLEXUS-AURANTIACUS; RHODOBACTER-SPHAEROIDES AB Heterologous production of polyketide compounds, an important class of natural products with complex chemical structures, was first demonstrated with Streptomyces parvulus in 1984. Although Streptomyces strains are good first options for heterologous polyketide biosynthesis, their slow growth kinetics prompt other hosts to also be considered. Escherichia coli provides key elements of an ideal host in terms of the growth rate, culture conditions, and available recombinant DNA tools. Here we review the current status and potential for metabolic engineering of polyketides in E. coli. C1 [Yuzawa, Satoshi; Kim, Woncheol; Katz, Leonard; Keasling, Jay D.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Inst QB3, Berkeley, CA 94270 USA. [Keasling, Jay D.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Berkeley, CA 94270 USA. [Yuzawa, Satoshi; Kim, Woncheol; Keasling, Jay D.] Joint BioEnergy Inst, Emeryville, CA 94608 USA. [Katz, Leonard; Keasling, Jay D.] Synthet Biol Engn Res Ctr, Emeryville, CA 94608 USA. [Keasling, Jay D.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94270 USA. RP Keasling, JD (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Inst QB3, Berkeley, CA 94270 USA. EM keasling@berkeley.edu RI Keasling, Jay/J-9162-2012 OI Keasling, Jay/0000-0003-4170-6088 FU Advanced Research Projects Agency - Energy (ARPA-E), U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AR0000091]; National Science Foundation [EEC-0540879]; Joint BioEnergy Institute; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX This work was funded by the Advanced Research Projects Agency - Energy (ARPA-E), U.S. Department of Energy, under award number DE-AR0000091, by the National Science Foundation, award No. EEC-0540879 to the Synthetic Biology Research Center, and by the Joint BioEnergy Institute, which is funded by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research, under contract number DE-AC02-05CH11231. NR 62 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 2 U2 88 PU CURRENT BIOLOGY LTD PI LONDON PA 84 THEOBALDS RD, LONDON WC1X 8RR, ENGLAND SN 0958-1669 EI 1879-0429 J9 CURR OPIN BIOTECH JI Curr. Opin. Biotechnol. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 23 IS 5 BP 727 EP 735 DI 10.1016/j.copbio.2011.12.029 PG 9 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 028EX UT WOS:000310406700013 PM 22244790 ER PT J AU Jaworski, MA Bell, MG Gray, TK Kaita, R Kallman, J Kugel, HW LeBlanc, B McLean, AG Sabbagh, SA Soukhanovskii, VA Stotler, DP Surla, V AF Jaworski, M. A. Bell, M. G. Gray, T. K. Kaita, R. Kallman, J. Kugel, H. W. LeBlanc, B. McLean, A. G. Sabbagh, S. A. Soukhanovskii, V. A. Stotler, D. P. Surla, V. TI Modification of the electron energy distribution function during lithium experiments on the National Spherical Torus Experiment SO FUSION ENGINEERING AND DESIGN LA English DT Article DE Langmuir probe; Lithium plasma-facing component; Electron distribution function ID SCRAPE-OFF LAYER; PROBE MEASUREMENTS; MAGNETIC-FIELD; LANGMUIR PROBE; DIII-D; TOKAMAK; PLASMA; OPERATION AB The National Spherical Torus Experiment (NSTX) has recently studied the use of a liquid lithium divertor (LLD). Divertor Langmuir probes have also been installed for making measurements of the local plasma conditions. A non-local probe interpretation method is used to supplement the classical probe interpretation and obtain measurements of the electron energy distribution function (EEDF) which show the occurrence of a hot-electron component. Analysis is made of two discharges within a sequence that exhibited changes in plasma fueling efficiency. It is found that the local electron temperature increases and that this increase is most strongly correlated with the energy contained within the hot-electron population. Preliminary interpretative modeling indicates that kinetic effects are likely in the NSTX scrape-off layer (SOL) plasma. The decrease in plasma fueling efficiency, increase in local temperature, and increase in hot-electron fraction are all consistent with an absorbing surface intercepting the SOL plasma. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Gray, T. K.; McLean, A. G.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Sabbagh, S. A.] Columbia Univ, New York, NY 10027 USA. [Soukhanovskii, V. A.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. [Surla, V.] Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM mjaworsk@pppl.gov RI Stotler, Daren/J-9494-2015 OI Stotler, Daren/0000-0001-5521-8718 FU Department of Energy [DE-AC02-09CHI1466] FX The authors would like to thank Y. Raitses for many useful discussions regarding the Langmuir probe interpretation and E. Spence for discussions on data analysis and reduction methods. This work is supported under Department of Energy contract No. DE-AC02-09CHI1466. NR 36 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0920-3796 J9 FUSION ENG DES JI Fusion Eng. Des. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 87 IS 10 SI SI BP 1711 EP 1718 DI 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2011.07.013 PG 8 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 038OK UT WOS:000311183800002 ER PT J AU Kugel, HW Allain, JP Bell, MG Bell, RE Diallo, A Ellis, R Gerhardt, SP Heim, B Jaworski, MA Kaita, R Kallman, J Kaye, S LeBlanc, BP Maingi, R McLean, A Menard, J Mueller, D Nygren, R Ono, M Paul, SF Raman, R Roquemore, AL Sabbagh, SA Schneider, H Skinner, CH Soukhanovskii, VA Taylor, CN Timberlake, JR Viola, M Zakharov, L AF Kugel, H. W. Allain, J. P. Bell, M. G. Bell, R. E. Diallo, A. Ellis, R. Gerhardt, S. P. Heim, B. Jaworski, M. A. Kaita, R. Kallman, J. Kaye, S. LeBlanc, B. P. Maingi, R. McLean, A. Menard, J. Mueller, D. Nygren, R. Ono, M. Paul, S. F. Raman, R. Roquemore, A. L. Sabbagh, S. A. Schneider, H. Skinner, C. H. Soukhanovskii, V. A. Taylor, C. N. Timberlake, J. R. Viola, M. Zakharov, L. CA NSTX Res Team TI NSTX plasma operation with a Liquid Lithium Divertor SO FUSION ENGINEERING AND DESIGN LA English DT Article DE Lithium; Lithium divertors; Lithium plasma facing components; Lithium impurities; Divertors AB NSTX 2010 experiments were conducted using a molybdenum Liquid Lithium Divertor (LLD) surface installed on the outer part of the lower divertor. This tested the effectiveness of maintaining the deuterium retention properties of a static liquid lithium surface when refreshed by lithium evaporation as an approximation to a flowing liquid lithium surface. The LLD molybdenum front face has a 45% porosity to provide sufficient wetting to spread 37 g of lithium, and to retain it in the presence of magnetic forces. Lithium Evaporators were used to deposit lithium on the LLD surface. At the beginning of discharges, the LLD lithium surface ranged from solid to liquefied depending on the amount of applied and plasma heating. Noteworthy improvements in plasma performance were obtained similar to those obtained previously with lithiated graphite, e.g., ELM-free, quiescent edge, H-modes. During these experiments with the plasma outer strike point on the LLD, the rate of deuterium retention in the LLD, as indicated by the fueling needed to achieve and maintain stable plasma conditions, was the about the same as that for solid lithium coatings on the graphite prior to the installation of the LLD, i.e., about two times that of no-lithium conditions. The role of lithium impurities in this result is discussed. Following the 2010 experimental campaign, inspection of the LLD found mechanical damage to the plate supports, and other hardware resulting from forces following plasma current disruptions. The LLD was removed, upgraded, and reinstalled. A row of molybdenum tiles was installed inboard of the LLD for 2011 experiments with both inner and outer strike points on lithiated molybdenum to allow investigation of lithium plasma facing issues encountered in the first testing of the LLD. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Kugel, H. W.; Bell, M. G.; Bell, R. E.; Diallo, A.; Ellis, R.; Gerhardt, S. P.; Jaworski, M. A.; Kaita, R.; Kallman, J.; Kaye, S.; LeBlanc, B. P.; Menard, J.; Mueller, D.; Ono, M.; Paul, S. F.; Roquemore, A. L.; Schneider, H.; Skinner, C. H.; Timberlake, J. R.; Viola, M.; Zakharov, L.] Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. [Allain, J. P.; Heim, B.; Taylor, C. N.] Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Maingi, R.; McLean, A.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Nygren, R.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Raman, R.] Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Sabbagh, S. A.] Columbia Univ, New York, NY 10027 USA. [Soukhanovskii, V. A.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Kugel, HW (reprint author), Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. EM hkugel@pppl.gov RI Skinner, Charles/C-2314-2013; OI Menard, Jonathan/0000-0003-1292-3286; Allain, Jean Paul/0000-0003-1348-262X FU USDOE [DE-AC02-09CH11466, DE-AC05-00OR22725, DE-AC52-07NA27344] FX This work supported by USDOE contracts DE-AC02-09CH11466 (PPPL), DE-AC05-00OR22725 (ORNL), and DE-AC52-07NA27344 (LLNL). NR 21 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 4 U2 27 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0920-3796 J9 FUSION ENG DES JI Fusion Eng. Des. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 87 IS 10 SI SI BP 1724 EP 1731 DI 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2011.07.010 PG 8 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 038OK UT WOS:000311183800004 ER PT J AU Krstic, PS Allain, JP Allouche, A Jakowski, J Dadras, J Taylor, CN Yang, ZC Morokuma, K Maeda, S AF Krstic, Predrag S. Allain, Jean Paul Allouche, Alain Jakowski, Jacek Dadras, Jonny Taylor, Chase N. Yang, Zhangcan Morokuma, Keiji Maeda, Satoshi TI Dynamics of deuterium retention and sputtering of Li-C-O surfaces SO FUSION ENGINEERING AND DESIGN LA English DT Article DE Lithiated carbon; Fusion; Dynamics; Sputtering; Hydrogen retention; Reflection; Quantum-mechanical ID GRAPHITE; LITHIUM AB Chemistry as well as sputtering and reflection dynamics of lithiated carbon material, bombarded by slow hydrogen atoms are studied. We present a realistic method for computational simulation of the dynamics of the polar Li-C-O-H material dynamics. It is based on an approximate, semi-empirical quantum mechanics of electrons and classical mechanics of nuclei. Results are validated qualitatively by comparison with experiments and with a first principle DFT computations. In particular, we explain observed details of the hydrogen bonding chemistry in lithiated carbon, showing that incoming hydrogen interacts preferably with Li-C rather than C structures. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Krstic, Predrag S.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Krstic, Predrag S.; Dadras, Jonny] Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Allain, Jean Paul; Taylor, Chase N.; Yang, Zhangcan] Purdue Univ, Sch Nucl Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Allouche, Alain] Univ Aix Marseille 1, F-13397 Marseille 20, France. [Jakowski, Jacek] Univ Tennessee, Natl Inst Computat Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Morokuma, Keiji; Maeda, Satoshi] Kyoto Univ, Fukui Inst Fundamental Chem, Kyoto 6068103, Japan. RP Krstic, PS (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM krsticp@ornl.gov RI Yang, Zhangcan/A-7530-2013; Maeda, Satoshi/H-3613-2014; OI Allain, Jean Paul/0000-0003-1348-262X; Jakowski, Jacek/0000-0003-4906-3574 FU US DOE, Office of Fusion Energy Sciences; LDRD program of Oak Ridge National Laboratory; DOE INCITE program; NSF TERA-GRID program; NSF through EPSCoR; U.S. DOE [DE-FG02-08ER54990] FX The authors are grateful to K. Morokuma and S. Maeda for useful discussions on the SCC-DFTB method and for providing the DFTB parameters for interaction of lithium with C, H and O. PSK acknowledges support from the US DOE, Office of Fusion Energy Sciences, and the LDRD program of the Oak Ridge National Laboratory (PSK and JD), of DOE INCITE program (PSK) and NSF TERA-GRID program (PSK, JD). JJ acknowledges NSF support through the EPSCoR program. The data were obtained at the ORNL computational resources of the National Center of Computational Sciences and at NSF computational resources of the National Institute for Computational Sciences. Allain and Taylor's work was supported by U.S. DOE Contract DE-FG02-08ER54990. NR 17 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 22 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0920-3796 J9 FUSION ENG DES JI Fusion Eng. Des. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 87 IS 10 SI SI BP 1732 EP 1736 DI 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2011.07.009 PG 5 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 038OK UT WOS:000311183800005 ER PT J AU Ono, M Bell, MG Kaita, R Kugel, HW Ahn, JW Allain, JP Battaglia, D Bell, RE Canik, JM Ding, S Gerhardt, S Gray, TK Guttenfelder, W Hosea, J Jaworski, MA Kallman, J Kaye, S LeBlanc, BP Maingi, R Mansfield, DK McLean, A Menard, J Muller, D Nelson, B Nygren, R Paul, S Raman, R Ren, Y Ryan, P Sabbagh, S Scotti, F Skinner, C Soukhanovskii, V Surla, V Taylor, CN Timberlake, J Yuh, HY Zakharov, LE AF Ono, M. Bell, M. G. Kaita, R. Kugel, H. W. Ahn, J. -W. Allain, J. P. Battaglia, D. Bell, R. E. Canik, J. M. Ding, S. Gerhardt, S. Gray, T. K. Guttenfelder, W. Hosea, J. Jaworski, M. A. Kallman, J. Kaye, S. LeBlanc, B. P. Maingi, R. Mansfield, D. K. McLean, A. Menard, J. Muller, D. Nelson, B. Nygren, R. Paul, S. Raman, R. Ren, Y. Ryan, P. Sabbagh, S. Scotti, F. Skinner, C. Soukhanovskii, V. Surla, V. Taylor, C. N. Timberlake, J. Yuh, H. Y. Zakharov, L. E. CA NSTX Res Team TI Recent progress of NSTX lithium program and opportunities for magnetic fusion research SO FUSION ENGINEERING AND DESIGN LA English DT Article DE International lithium symposium; Tokamaks and spherical tokamaks; Lithium; Plasma-wall interactions ID LIMITER; PHYSICS AB Lithium wall coating techniques have been experimentally explored on National Spherical Torus Experiment (NSTX) for the last six years. The lithium experimentation on NSTX started with a few milligrams of lithium injected into the plasma as pellets and it has evolved to a dual lithium evaporation system which can evaporate up to similar to 160g of lithium onto the lower divertor plates between re-loadings. The unique feature of the NSTX lithium research program is that it can investigate the effects of lithium coated plasma-facing components in H-mode divertor plasmas. This lithium evaporation system has produced many intriguing and potentially important results. In 2010, the NSTX lithium program has focused on the effects of liquid lithium divertor (LLD) surfaces including the divertor heat load, deuterium pumping, impurity control, electron thermal confinement. H-mode pedestal physics, and enhanced plasma performance. To fill the LLD with lithium. 1300g of lithium was evaporated into the NSTX vacuum vessel during the 2010 operations. The routine use of lithium in 2010 has significantly improved the plasma shot availability resulting in a record number of plasma shots in any given year. In this paper, as a follow-on paper from the 1st lithium symposium [1], we review the recent progress toward developing fundamental understanding of the NSTX lithium experimental observations as well as the opportunities and associated R&D required for use of lithium in future magnetic fusion facilities including ITER. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Ono, M.; Bell, M. G.; Kaita, R.; Kugel, H. W.; Bell, R. E.; Gerhardt, S.; Guttenfelder, W.; Hosea, J.; Jaworski, M. A.; Kallman, J.; Kaye, S.; LeBlanc, B. P.; Mansfield, D. K.; Menard, J.; Muller, D.; Paul, S.; Ren, Y.; Scotti, F.; Skinner, C.; Timberlake, J.; Zakharov, L. E.] Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. [Ahn, J. -W.; Canik, J. M.; Gray, T. K.; Maingi, R.; McLean, A.; Ryan, P.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Allain, J. P.; Battaglia, D.; Taylor, C. N.] Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Ding, S.] Acad Sci, Inst Plasma Phys, Hefei, Peoples R China. [Nelson, B.; Raman, R.] Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Nygren, R.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Sabbagh, S.] Columbia Univ, New York, NY 10027 USA. [Soukhanovskii, V.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. [Surla, V.] Univ Illinois, Ctr Plasma Mat Interact, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Yuh, H. Y.] Nova Photon Inc, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA. RP Ono, M (reprint author), Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. EM mono@pppl.gov OI Canik, John/0000-0001-6934-6681; Menard, Jonathan/0000-0003-1292-3286; Allain, Jean Paul/0000-0003-1348-262X FU DoE [DE-AC02-09CH11466] FX This work was supported by DoE Contract No. DE-AC02-09CH11466. NR 38 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 3 U2 20 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0920-3796 J9 FUSION ENG DES JI Fusion Eng. Des. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 87 IS 10 SI SI BP 1770 EP 1776 DI 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2011.10.011 PG 7 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 038OK UT WOS:000311183800012 ER PT J AU Surla, V Jaworski, MA Soukhanovskii, V Gray, TK Kaita, R Kallman, J Kugel, H McLean, A Ruzic, DN Scotti, F AF Surla, V. Jaworski, M. A. Soukhanovskii, V. Gray, T. K. Kaita, R. Kallman, J. Kugel, H. McLean, A. Ruzic, D. N. Scotti, F. TI Characterization of transient particle loads during lithium experiments on the National Spherical Torus Experiment SO FUSION ENGINEERING AND DESIGN LA English DT Article DE First wall material; Divertor materials; Lithium; Liquid metal; Langmuir probe; Edge localized modes (ELMs); Particle and power deposition profiles AB Transient events such as Edge Localized Modes (ELMs) or disruptions can lead to large particle and power loads on the divertor plates of tokamak experiments. These events can cause significant erosion and are detrimental to the lifetime of the plasma facing components. Understanding the impact of ELMs remains a complex problem and a major challenge. In this study, an effort is made to characterize these ELMs and other transients based on their characteristics using a particle flux probe and surface temperature measurements from a dual-band IR camera. Typically, the temporal evolution of an ELM from the particle flux probe is characterized by a steep rise and a gradual decrease of current signal. This burst like structure is seen by the Langmuir probes as a rise in the ion saturation current with a width of a few milliseconds. This study entails gathering statistics of typical ELM-like events for various shots in order to assess the typical loading of ELMs on the Liquid Lithium Divertor (LLD) that was installed in the FY10 run campaign. Later, the power deposition profiles during ELMs are also characterized from IR camera measurements for certain discharges to find that only 15% of the energy flux arrives at the divertor target before the surface temperature reached its maximum value. Finally, a correlation was found between the particle flux from the probes during the ELMs and the neutral particle flux from D signal indicating the utility of the particle flux probe as a means to characterize ELMs. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Surla, V.; Jaworski, M. A.; Kaita, R.; Kallman, J.; Kugel, H.; Scotti, F.] Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. [Surla, V.; Ruzic, D. N.] Univ Illinois, Dept Nulcear Plasma & Radiol Engn, Ctr Plasma Mat Interact, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Soukhanovskii, V.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Gray, T. K.; McLean, A.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Surla, V (reprint author), Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. EM vijay.surla@gmail.com FU DOE [DE-PS02-07ER07-29, DE-AC02-09CH11466] FX This work is supported by DOE contract No. DE-PS02-07ER07-29 and DE-AC02-09CH11466. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0920-3796 J9 FUSION ENG DES JI Fusion Eng. Des. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 87 IS 10 SI SI BP 1794 EP 1800 DI 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2012.05.002 PG 7 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 038OK UT WOS:000311183800015 ER PT J AU Mahrooghy, M Younan, NH Anantharaj, VG Aanstoos, J Yarahmadian, S AF Mahrooghy, Majid Younan, Nicolas H. Anantharaj, Valentine G. Aanstoos, James Yarahmadian, Shantia TI On the Use of a Cluster Ensemble Cloud Classification Technique in Satellite Precipitation Estimation SO IEEE JOURNAL OF SELECTED TOPICS IN APPLIED EARTH OBSERVATIONS AND REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article DE Cluster ensemble; feature extraction; satellite precipitation estimation; self organizing map ID GENE-EXPRESSION DATA; RAINFALL ESTIMATION; PASSIVE MICROWAVE; CLASS DISCOVERY; CONSENSUS; PARTITIONS; RESOLUTION; MODELS; SYSTEM AB In this paper, the link-based cluster ensemble (LCE) method is utilized to improve cloud classification and satellite precipitation estimation. High resolution Satellite Precipitation Estimation (SPE) is based on the Precipitation Estimation from Remotely Sensed Imagery using an Artificial Neural Network Cloud Classification (PERSIANN-CCS) algorithm. This modified SPE with the incorporation of LCE involves the following four steps: 1) segmentation of infrared cloud images into patches; 2) cloud patch feature extraction; 3) clustering cloud patches using LCE; and 4) dynamic application of brightness temperature (Tb) and rain-rate relationships, derived using satellite observations. In order to cluster the cloud patches, the LCE method combines multiple data partitions from different clustering methods. The results show that using the cluster ensemble increases the performance of rainfall estimates compared to the SPE algorithm using a Self Organizing Map (SOM) neural network. The false alarm ratio (FAR), probabilities of detection (POD), equitable threat score (ETS), and bias are used as quantitative measures to assess the performance of the algorithm. It is shown that both the ETS and bias provide improvement in the summer and winter seasons. Almost 5% ETS improvement is obtained at some threshold values for the winter season using the cluster ensemble. C1 [Mahrooghy, Majid; Younan, Nicolas H.] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Mahrooghy, Majid; Younan, Nicolas H.; Aanstoos, James] Mississippi State Univ, Geosyst Res Inst, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Anantharaj, Valentine G.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Natl Ctr Computat Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Yarahmadian, Shantia] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Math & Stat, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. RP Mahrooghy, M (reprint author), Mississippi State Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. FU NASA [NNS06AA98B]; NOAA Office of Atmospheric Research [NA07OAR4170517]; Oak Ridge Leadership Computing Facility under Office of Advanced Scientific Computing Research, Office of Science, U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC05-00OR22725]; UT-Battelle, LLC [DE-AC05-00OR22725] FX This work was supported by the NASA Applied Sciences Program under Grant NNS06AA98B and the NOAA Office of Atmospheric Research via Grant NA07OAR4170517. The work of V. Anantharaj was also supported by the Oak Ridge Leadership Computing Facility under the auspices of the Office of Advanced Scientific Computing Research, Office of Science, U.S. Department of Energy under Contract DE-AC05-00OR22725 and Contract DE-AC05-00OR22725 with UT-Battelle, LLC. NR 35 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 23 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 1939-1404 J9 IEEE J-STARS JI IEEE J. Sel. Top. Appl. Earth Observ. Remote Sens. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 5 IS 5 SI SI BP 1356 EP 1363 DI 10.1109/JSTARS.2012.2201449 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Geography, Physical; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Engineering; Physical Geography; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 040WZ UT WOS:000311358200004 ER PT J AU Stebbins, A AF Stebbins, Albert TI MEASURING SPACETIME GEOMETRY OVER THE AGES SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MODERN PHYSICS D LA English DT Article DE Cosmology; general relativity; dark energy ID CONSTANT AB Theorists are often told to express things in the "observational plane". One can do this for spacetime geometry, considering "visual" observations of matter in our universe by a single observer over time, with no assumptions about isometries, initial conditions, nor any particular relation between matter and geometry, such as Einstein's equations. Using observables as coordinates naturally leads to a parametrization of spacetime geometry in terms of other observables, which in turn prescribes an observational program to measure the geometry. Under the assumption of vorticity-free matter flow we describe this observational program, which includes measurements of gravitational lensing, proper motion and redshift drift. Only 15% of the curvature information can be extracted without long time baseline observations, and this increases to 35% with observations that will take decades. The rest would likely require centuries of observations. The formalism developed is exact, nonperturbative, and more general than the usual cosmological analysis. C1 Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Theoret Astrophys Grp, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Stebbins, A (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Theoret Astrophys Grp, Box 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. EM stebbins@fnal.gov FU DOE at Fermilab [DE-AC02-07CH11359] FX I would like to thank Scott Dodelson, Lam Hui, Rocky Kolb, Umeh Obina and Robert Wald for useful discussions. This work was supported by the DOE at Fermilab under Contract No. DE-AC02-07CH11359. NR 13 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 4 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA 5 TOH TUCK LINK, SINGAPORE 596224, SINGAPORE SN 0218-2718 J9 INT J MOD PHYS D JI Int. J. Mod. Phys. D PD OCT PY 2012 VL 21 IS 11 SI SI AR 1242017 DI 10.1142/S0218271812420175 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 040IG UT WOS:000311315500023 ER PT J AU Chatrchyan, S Khachatryan, V Sirunyan, AM Tumasyan, A Adam, W Bergauer, T Dragicevic, M Ero, J Fabjan, C Friedl, M Fruehwirth, R Ghete, VM Hammer, J Hoermann, N Hrubec, J Jeitler, M Kiesenhofer, W Knunz, V Krammer, M Liko, D Mikulec, I Pernicka, M Rahbaran, B Rohringer, C Rohringer, H Schofbeck, R Strauss, J Taurok, A Wagner, P Waltenberger, W Walzel, G Widl, E Wulz, CE Mossolov, V Shumeiko, N Gonzalez, JS Bansal, S Cornelis, T De Wolf, EA Janssen, X Luyckx, S Maes, T Mucibello, L Ochesanu, S Roland, B Rougny, R Selvaggi, M Staykova, Z Van Haevermaet, H Van Mechelen, P Van Remortel, N Van Spilbeeck, A Blekman, F Blyweert, S D'Hondt, J Suarez, RG Kalogeropoulos, A Maes, M Olbrechts, A Van Doninck, W Van Mulders, P Van Onsem, GP Villella, I Charaf, O Clerbaux, B De Lentdecker, G Dero, V Gay, APR Hreus, T Leonard, A Marage, PE Reis, T Thomas, L Vander Velde, C Vanlaer, P Wang, J Adler, V Beernaert, K Cimmino, A Costantini, S Garcia, G Grunewald, M Klein, B Lellouch, J Marinov, A Mccartin, J Rios, AAO Ryckbosch, D Strobbe, N Thyssen, F Tytgat, M Vanelderen, L Verwilligen, P Walsh, S Yazgan, E Zaganidis, N Basegmez, S Bruno, G Castello, R Caudron, A Ceard, L Delaere, C du Pree, T Favart, D Forthomme, L Giammanco, A Hollar, J Lemaitre, V Liao, J Militaru, O Nuttens, C Pagano, D Perrini, L Pin, A Piotrzkowski, K Schul, N Garcia, JMV Beliy, N Caebergs, T Daubie, E Hammad, GH Alves, GA Martins, MC Damiao, DD Martins, T Pol, ME Souza, MHG Alda, WL Carvalho, W Custodio, A Da Costa, EM Martins, CD De Souza, SF Figueiredo, DM Mundim, L Nogima, H Oguri, V Da Silva, WLP Santoro, A Jorge, LS Sznajder, A Bernardes, CA Dias, FA Tomei, TRFP Gregores, EM Lagana, C Marinho, F Mercadante, PG Novaes, SF Padula, SS Genchev, V Iaydjiev, P Piperov, S Rodozov, M Stoykova, S Sultanov, G Tcholakov, V Trayanov, R Vutova, M Dimitrov, A Hadjiiska, R Kozhuharov, V Litov, L Pavlov, B Petkov, P Bian, JG Chen, GM Chen, HS Jiang, CH Liang, D Liang, S Meng, X Tao, J Wang, J Wang, X Wang, Z Xiao, H Xu, M Zang, J Zhang, Z Asawatangtrakuldee, C Ban, Y Guo, S Guo, Y Li, W Liu, S Mao, Y Qian, SJ Teng, H Wang, S Zhu, B Zou, W Avila, C Gomez, JP Moreno, BG Oliveros, AFO Sanabria, JC Godinovic, N Lelas, D Plestina, R Polic, D Puljak, I Antunovic, Z Kovac, M Brigljevic, V Duric, S Kadija, K Luetic, J Morovic, S Attikis, A Galanti, M Mavromanolakis, G Mousa, J Nicolaou, C Ptochos, F Razis, PA Finger, M Finger, M Assran, Y Elgammal, S Kamel, AE Khalil, S Mahmoud, MA Radi, A Kadastik, M Muntel, M Raidal, M Rebane, L Tiko, A Azzolini, V Eerola, P Fedi, G Voutilainen, M Harkonen, J Heikkinen, A Karimaki, V Kinnunen, R Kortelainen, MJ Lampen, T Lassila-Perini, K Lehti, S Linden, T Luukka, P Maenpaa, T Peltola, T Tuominen, E Tuominiemi, J Tuovinen, E Ungaro, D Wendland, L Banzuzi, K Korpela, A Tuuva, T Besancon, M 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CA CMS Collaboration TI Measurement of jet fragmentation into charged particles in pp and PbPb collisions at root s(NN)=2.76 TeV SO JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Hadron-Hadron Scattering ID QUARK-GLUON PLASMA; MOMENTUM DEPENDENCE; TRANSVERSE-MOMENTUM; COLLABORATION; PERSPECTIVE; SUPPRESSION; DETECTOR AB Jet fragmentation in pp and PbPb collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 2.76 TeV per nucleon pair was studied using data collected with the CMS detector at the LHC. Fragmentation functions are constructed using charged-particle tracks with transverse momenta p(T) > 4 GeV/c for dijet events with a leading jet of p(T) > 100 GeV/c. The fragmentation functions in PbPb events are compared to those in pp data as a function of collision centrality, as well as dijet-p(T) imbalance. Special emphasis is placed on the most central PbPb events including dijets with unbalanced momentum, indicative of energy loss of the hard scattered parent partons. The fragmentation patterns for both the leading and subleading jets in PbPb collisions agree with those seen in pp data at 2.76 TeV. The results provide evidence that, despite the large parton energy loss observed in PbPb collisions, the partition of the remaining momentum within the jet cone into high-p(T) particles is not strongly modified in comparison to that observed for jets in vacuum. C1 [Chatrchyan, S.; Khachatryan, V.; Sirunyan, A. M.; Tumasyan, A.] Yerevan Phys Inst, Yerevan 375036, Armenia. [Adam, W.; Bergauer, T.; Dragicevic, M.; Eroe, J.; Fabjan, C.; Friedl, M.; Fruehwirth, R.; Ghete, V. M.; Hammer, J.; Hoermann, N.; Hrubec, J.; Jeitler, M.; Kiesenhofer, W.; Knuenz, V.; Krammer, M.; Liko, D.; Mikulec, I.; Pernicka, M.; Rahbaran, B.; Rohringer, C.; Rohringer, H.; Schoefbeck, R.; Strauss, J.; Taurok, A.; Wagner, P.; Waltenberger, W.; Walzel, G.; Widl, E.; Wulz, C. -E.] Inst Hochenergiephys OeAW, Vienna, Austria. [Mossolov, V.; Shumeiko, N.; Gonzalez, J. 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[Azzolini, V.; Eerola, P.; Fedi, G.; Voutilainen, M.] Univ Helsinki, Dept Phys, Helsinki, Finland. [Harkonen, J.; Heikkinen, A.; Karimaki, V.; Kinnunen, R.; Kortelainen, M. J.; Lampen, T.; Lassila-Perini, K.; Lehti, S.; Linden, T.; Luukka, P.; Maenpaa, T.; Peltola, T.; Tuominen, E.; Tuominiemi, J.; Tuovinen, E.; Ungaro, D.; Wendland, L.] Helsinki Inst Phys, Helsinki, Finland. [Banzuzi, K.; Korpela, A.; Tuuva, T.] Lappeenranta Univ Technol, Lappeenranta, Finland. [Besancon, M.; Choudhury, S.; Dejardin, M.; Denegri, D.; Fabbro, B.; Faure, J. L.; Ferri, F.; Ganjour, S.; Givernaud, A.; Gras, P.; de Monchenault, G. Hamel; Jarry, P.; Locci, E.; Malcles, J.; Millischer, L.; Nayak, A.; Rander, J.; Rosowsky, A.; Shreyber, I.; Titov, M.] CEA Saclay, DSM IRFU, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Plestina, R.; Baffioni, S.; Beaudette, F.; Benhabib, L.; Bianchini, L.; Bluj, M.; Broutin, C.; Busson, P.; Charlot, C.; Daci, N.; Dahms, T.; Dobrzynski, L.; de Cassagnac, R. Granier; Haguenauer, M.; Mine, P.; Mironov, C.; Nguyen, M.; Ochando, C.; Paganini, P.; Sabes, D.; Salerno, R.; Sirois, Y.; Veelken, C.; Zabi, A.; Bernet, C.] Ecole Polytech, CNRS, IN2P3, Lab Leprince Ringuet, F-91128 Palaiseau, France. [Agram, J. -L.; Andrea, J.; Bloch, D.; Bodin, D.; Brom, J. -M.; Cardaci, M.; Chabert, E. C.; Collard, C.; Conte, E.; Drouhin, F.; Ferro, C.; Fontaine, J. -C.; Gele, D.; Goerlach, U.; Juillot, P.; Karim, M.; Le Bihan, A. -C.; Van Hove, P.] Univ Haute Alsace Mulhouse, Univ Strasbourg, Inst Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien, CNRS,IN2P3, Strasbourg, France. [Fassi, F.; Mercier, D.] Inst Natl Phys Nucl & Phys Particules IN2P3, Ctr Calcul, Villeurbanne, France. [Beauceron, S.; Beaupere, N.; Bondu, O.; Boudoul, G.; Brun, H.; Chasserat, J.; Chierici, R.; Contardo, D.; Depasse, P.; El Mamouni, H.; Fay, J.; Gascon, S.; Gouzevitch, M.; Ille, B.; Kurca, T.; Lethuillier, M.; Mirabito, L.; Perries, S.; Sordini, V.; Tosi, S.; Tschudi, Y.; Verdier, P.; Viret, S.] Univ Lyon 1, CNRS, IN2P3, Inst Phys Nucl Lyon, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France. [Tsamalaidze, Z.] Tbilisi State Univ, Inst High Energy Phys & Informatizat, GE-380086 Tbilisi, Rep of Georgia. [Anagnostou, G.; Beranek, S.; Edelhoff, M.; Feld, L.; Heracleous, N.; Hindrichs, O.; Jussen, R.; Klein, K.; Merz, J.; Ostapchuk, A.; Perieanu, A.; Raupach, F.; Sammet, J.; Schael, S.; Sprenger, D.; Weber, H.; Wittmer, B.; Zhukov, V.] Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 1, Aachen, Germany. [Ata, M.; Caudron, J.; Dietz-Laursonn, E.; Duchardt, D.; Erdmann, M.; Fischer, R.; Gueth, A.; Hebbeker, T.; Heidemann, C.; Hoepfner, K.; Klingebiel, D.; Kreuzer, P.; Lingemann, J.; Magass, C.; Merschmeyer, M.; Meyer, A.; Olschewski, M.; Papacz, P.; Pieta, H.; Reithler, H.; Schmitz, S. A.; Sonnenschein, L.; Steggemann, J.; Teyssier, D.; Weber, M.] Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst A 3, Aachen, Germany. [Bontenackels, M.; Cherepanov, V.; Davids, M.; Fluegge, G.; Geenen, H.; Geisler, M.; Ahmad, W. Haj; Hoehle, F.; Kargoll, B.; Kress, T.; Kuessel, Y.; Linn, A.; Nowack, A.; Perchalla, L.; Pooth, O.; Rennefeld, J.; Sauerland, P.; Stahl, A.] Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst B 3, Aachen, Germany. [Martin, M. Aldaya; Behr, J.; Behrenhoff, W.; Behrens, U.; Bergholz, M.; Bethani, A.; Borras, K.; Burgmeier, A.; Cakir, A.; Calligaris, L.; Campbell, A.; Castro, E.; Costanza, F.; Dammann, D.; Eckerlin, G.; Eckstein, D.; Fischer, D.; Flucke, G.; Geiser, A.; Glushkov, I.; Gunnellini, P.; Habib, S.; Hauk, J.; Hellwig, G.; Jung, H.; Kasemann, M.; Katsas, P.; Kleinwort, C.; Kluge, H.; Knutsson, A.; Kraemer, M.; Kruecker, D.; Kuznetsova, E.; Lange, W.; Lohmann, W.; Lutz, B.; Mankel, R.; Marfin, I.; Marienfeld, M.; Melzer-Pellmann, I. -A.; Meyer, A. B.; Mnich, J.; Mussgiller, A.; Naumann-Emme, S.; Olzem, J.; Perrey, H.; Petrukhin, A.; Pitzl, D.; Raspereza, A.; Cipriano, P. M. Ribeiro; Riedl, C.; Rosin, M.; Salfeld-Nebgen, J.; Schmidt, R.; Schoerner-Sadenius, T.; Sen, N.; Spiridonov, A.; Stein, M.; Walsh, R.; Wissing, C.] DESY, Hamburg, Germany. [Autermann, C.; Blobel, V.; Bobrovskyi, S.; Draeger, J.; Enderle, H.; Erfle, J.; Gebbert, U.; Goerner, M.; Hermanns, T.; Hoeing, R. S.; Kaschube, K.; Kaussen, G.; Kirschenmann, H.; Klanner, R.; Lange, J.; Mura, B.; Nowak, F.; Peiffer, T.; Pietsch, N.; Rathjens, D.; Sander, C.; Stadie, H.; Steinbrueck, G.; Thomsen, J.] Univ Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany. [Barth, C.; Berger, J.; Boeser, C.; Chwalek, T.; De Boer, W.; Descroix, A.; Dierlamm, A.; Feindt, M.; Guthoff, M.; Hackstein, C.; Hartmann, F.; Hauth, T.; Heinrich, M.; Held, H.; Hoffmann, K. H.; Honc, S.; Katkov, I.; Komaragiri, J. R.; Martschei, D.; Mueller, S.; Mueller, Th; Niegel, M.; Nuernberg, A.; Oberst, O.; Oehler, A.; Ott, J.; Quast, G.; Rabbertz, K.; Ratnikov, F.; Ratnikova, N.; Roecker, S.; Scheurer, A.; Schilling, F. -P.; Schott, G.; Simonis, H. J.; Stober, F. M.; Troendle, D.; Ulrich, R.; Wagner-Kuhr, J.; Wayand, S.; Weiler, T.; Zeise, M.] Univ Karlsruhe, Inst Expt Kernphys, D-7500 Karlsruhe, Germany. [Daskalakis, G.; Geralis, T.; Kesisoglou, S.; Kyriakis, A.; Loukas, D.; Manolakos, I.; Markou, A.; Markou, C.; Mavrommatis, C.; Ntomari, E.] Inst Nucl Phys Demokritos, Aghia Paraskevi, Greece. [Gouskos, L.; Mertzimekis, T. J.; Panagiotou, A.; Saoulidou, N.; Sphicas, P.] Univ Athens, Athens, Greece. [Evangelou, I.; Foudas, C.; Kokkas, P.; Manthos, N.; Papadopoulos, I.; Patras, V.] Univ Ioannina, GR-45110 Ioannina, Greece. [Bencze, G.; Hajdu, C.; Hidas, P.; Horvath, D.; Krajczar, K.; Radics, B.; Sikler, F.; Veszpremi, V.; Vesztergombi, G.] KFKI Res Inst Particle & Nucl Phys, Budapest, Hungary. [Horvath, D.; Beni, N.; Czellar, S.; Molnar, J.; Palinkas, J.; Szillasi, Z.] Inst Nucl Res ATOMKI, Debrecen, Hungary. [Karancsi, J.; Raics, P.; Trocsanyi, Z. L.; Ujvari, B.] Univ Debrecen, H-4012 Debrecen, Hungary. [Beri, S. B.; Bhatnagar, V.; Dhingra, N.; Gupta, R.; Jindal, M.; Kaur, M.; Kohli, J. M.; Mehta, M. Z.; Nishu, N.; Saini, L. K.; Sharma, A.; Singh, J.] Panjab Univ, Chandigarh 160014, India. [Ahuja, S.; Bhardwaj, A.; Choudhary, B. C.; Kumar, A.; Kumar, A.; Malhotra, S.; Naimuddin, M.; Ranjan, K.; Sharma, V.; Shivpuri, R. K.] Univ Delhi, Delhi 110007, India. [Banerjee, S.; Bhattacharya, S.; Dutta, S.; Gomber, B.; Jain, Sa; Jain, Sh; Khurana, R.; Sarkar, S.; Sharan, M.] Saha Inst Nucl Phys, Kolkata, India. [Abdulsalam, A.; Choudhury, R. K.; Dutta, D.; Kailas, S.; Kumar, V.; Mehta, P.; Mohanty, A. K.; Pant, L. M.; Shukla, P.] Bhabha Atom Res Ctr, Bombay 400085, Maharashtra, India. [Aziz, T.; Ganguly, S.; Guchait, M.; Maity, M.; Majumder, G.; Mazumdar, K.; Mohanty, G. B.; Parida, B.; Sudhakar, K.; Wickramage, N.] Tata Inst Fundamental Res EHEP, Bombay, Maharashtra, India. [Banerjee, S.; Guchait, M.] Tata Inst Fundamental Res HECR, Bombay, Maharashtra, India. [Arfaei, H.; Bakhshiansohi, H.; Etesami, S. M.; Fahim, A.; Hashemi, M.; Hesari, H.; Jafari, A.; Khakzad, M.; Mohammadi, A.; Najafabadi, M. Mohammadi; Mehdiabadi, S. Paktinat; Safarzadeh, B.; Zeinali, M.] Inst Res Fundamental Sci IPM, Tehran, Iran. [Abbrescia, M.; Barbone, L.; Calabria, C.; Chhibra, S. S.; Colaleo, A.; Creanza, D.; De Filippis, N.; De Palma, M.; Fiore, L.; Iaselli, G.; Lusito, L.; Maggi, G.; Maggi, M.; Marangelli, B.; My, S.; Nuzzo, S.; Pacifico, N.; Pompili, A.; Pugliese, G.; Selvaggi, G.; Silvestris, L.; Singh, G.; Zito, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Abbrescia, M.; Barbone, L.; Calabria, C.; Chhibra, S. S.; De Palma, M.; Lusito, L.; Marangelli, B.; Nuzzo, S.; Pacifico, N.; Pompili, A.; Selvaggi, G.; Singh, G.] Univ Bari, Bari, Italy. [Creanza, D.; De Filippis, N.; Iaselli, G.; Maggi, G.; My, S.; Pugliese, G.] Politecn Bari, Bari, Italy. [Abbiendi, G.; Benvenuti, A. C.; Bonacorsi, D.; Braibant-Giacomelli, S.; Brigliadori, L.; Capiluppi, P.; Castro, A.; Cavallo, F. R.; Cuffiani, M.; Dallavalle, G. M.; Fabbri, F.; Fanfani, A.; Fasanella, D.; Giacomelli, P.; Grandi, C.; Marcellini, S.; Masetti, G.; Meneghelli, M.; Montanari, A.; Navarria, F. L.; Odorici, F.; Perrotta, A.; Primavera, F.; Rossi, A. M.; Rovelli, T.; Siroli, G.; Travaglini, R.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bologna, I-40126 Bologna, Italy. [Bonacorsi, D.; Braibant-Giacomelli, S.; Brigliadori, L.; Capiluppi, P.; Castro, A.; Cuffiani, M.; Fanfani, A.; Fasanella, D.; Meneghelli, M.; Navarria, F. L.; Primavera, F.; Rossi, A. M.; Rovelli, T.; Siroli, G.; Travaglini, R.] Univ Bologna, Bologna, Italy. [Albergo, S.; Cappello, G.; Chiorboli, M.; Costa, S.; Potenza, R.; Tricomi, A.; Tuve, C.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Catania, I-95129 Catania, Italy. [Albergo, S.; Cappello, G.; Chiorboli, M.; Costa, S.; Potenza, R.; Tricomi, A.; Tuve, C.] Univ Catania, Catania, Italy. [Barbagli, G.; Ciulli, V.; Civinini, C.; D'Alessandro, R.; Focardi, E.; Frosali, S.; Gallo, E.; Gonzi, S.; Meschini, M.; Paoletti, S.; Sguazzoni, G.; Tropiano, A.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Firenze, I-50125 Florence, Italy. [Ciulli, V.; D'Alessandro, R.; Focardi, E.; Frosali, S.; Gonzi, S.] Univ Florence, Florence, Italy. [Fabbri, F.; Benussi, L.; Bianco, S.; Colafranceschi, S.; Piccolo, D.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy. [Fabbricatore, P.; Musenich, R.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Genova, I-16146 Genoa, Italy. [Benaglia, A.; De Guio, F.; Di Matteo, L.; Fiorendi, S.; Gennai, S.; Ghezzi, A.; Malvezzi, S.; Manzoni, R. A.; Martelli, A.; Massironi, A.; Menasce, D.; Moroni, L.; Paganoni, M.; Pedrini, D.; Ragazzi, S.; Redaelli, N.; Sala, S.; de Fatis, T. Tabarelli] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Milano Bicocca, I-20133 Milan, Italy. [Benaglia, A.; De Guio, F.; Di Matteo, L.; Fiorendi, S.; Ghezzi, A.; Manzoni, R. A.; Martelli, A.; Massironi, A.; Paganoni, M.; Ragazzi, S.; de Fatis, T. Tabarelli] Univ Milano Bicocca, Milan, Italy. [Buontempo, S.; Montoya, C. A. Carrillo; Cavallo, N.; De Cosa, A.; Dogangun, O.; Fabozzi, F.; Iorio, A. O. M.; Lista, L.; Meola, S.; Merola, M.; Paolucci, P.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Napoli, I-80125 Naples, Italy. [De Cosa, A.; Dogangun, O.; Merola, M.] Univ Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy. [Azzi, P.; Bacchetta, N.; Bellan, P.; Bisello, D.; Branca, A.; Carlin, R.; Checchia, P.; Dorigo, T.; Gasparini, F.; Gozzelino, A.; Kanishchev, K.; Lacaprara, S.; Lazzizzera, I.; Margoni, M.; Meneguzzo, A. T.; Nespolo, M.; Perrozzi, L.; Pozzobon, N.; Ronchese, P.; Simonetto, F.; Torassa, E.; Tosi, M.; Vanini, S.; Zotto, P.; Zucchetta, A.; Zumerle, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Padova, Padua, Italy. [Bellan, P.; Bisello, D.; Carlin, R.; Gasparini, F.; Margoni, M.; Meneguzzo, A. T.; Pozzobon, N.; Ronchese, P.; Simonetto, F.; Tosi, M.; Vanini, S.; Zotto, P.; Zumerle, G.] Univ Padua, Padua, Italy. [Kanishchev, K.; Lazzizzera, I.] Univ Trento Trento, Padua, Italy. [Gabusi, M.; Ratti, S. P.; Riccardi, C.; Torre, P.; Vitulo, P.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pavia, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. [Gabusi, M.; Ratti, S. P.; Riccardi, C.; Torre, P.; Vitulo, P.] Univ Pavia, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. [Biasini, M.; Bilei, G. M.; Fano, L.; Lariccia, P.; Lucaroni, A.; Mantovani, G.; Menichelli, M.; Nappi, A.; Romeo, F.; Santocchia, A.; Taroni, S.; Pioppi, M.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy. [Biasini, M.; Fano, L.; Lariccia, P.; Lucaroni, A.; Mantovani, G.; Nappi, A.; Romeo, F.; Santocchia, A.; Taroni, S.; Pioppi, M.] Univ Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy. [Azzurri, P.; Bagliesi, G.; Boccali, T.; Broccolo, G.; Castaldi, R.; D'Agnolo, R. T.; Dell'Orso, R.; Fiori, F.; Foa, L.; Giassi, A.; Kraan, A.; Ligabue, F.; Lomtadze, T.; Martini, L.; Messineo, A.; Palla, F.; Rizzi, A.; Serban, A. T.; Spagnolo, P.; Squillacioti, P.; Tenchini, R.; Tonelli, G.; Venturi, A.; Verdini, P. G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pisa, Pisa, Italy. [Fiori, F.; Messineo, A.; Rizzi, A.; Tonelli, G.] Univ Pisa, Pisa, Italy. [Azzurri, P.; Broccolo, G.; D'Agnolo, R. T.; Foa, L.; Ligabue, F.; Rolandi, G.] Scuola Normale Super Pisa, Pisa, Italy. [Barone, L.; Cavallari, F.; Del Re, D.; Diemoz, M.; Grassi, M.; Longo, E.; Meridiani, P.; Micheli, F.; Nourbakhsh, S.; Organtini, G.; Paramatti, R.; Rahatlou, S.; Sigamani, M.; Soffi, L.; Rovelli, C.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma, Rome, Italy. [Barone, L.; Del Re, D.; Grassi, M.; Longo, E.; Micheli, F.; Nourbakhsh, S.; Organtini, G.; Rahatlou, S.; Soffi, L.; Rovelli, C.] Univ Roma La Sapienza, Rome, Italy. [Amapane, N.; Arcidiacono, R.; Argiro, S.; Arneodo, M.; Biino, C.; Botta, C.; Cartiglia, N.; Costa, M.; Demaria, N.; Graziano, A.; Mariotti, C.; Maselli, S.; Migliore, E.; Monaco, V.; Musich, M.; Obertino, M. M.; Pastrone, N.; Pelliccioni, M.; Potenza, A.; Romero, A.; Ruspa, M.; Sacchi, R.; Sola, V.; Solano, A.; Staiano, A.; Pereira, A. Vilela] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Torino, I-10125 Turin, Italy. [Amapane, N.; Argiro, S.; Botta, C.; Costa, M.; Graziano, A.; Migliore, E.; Monaco, V.; Potenza, A.; Romero, A.; Sacchi, R.; Sola, V.; Solano, A.] Univ Turin, Turin, Italy. [Arcidiacono, R.; Arneodo, M.; Obertino, M. M.; Ruspa, M.] Univ Piemonte Orientale Novara, Turin, Italy. [Belforte, S.; Cossutti, F.; Della Ricca, G.; Gobbo, B.; Marone, M.; Montanino, D.; Penzo, A.; Schizzi, A.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, Trieste, Italy. [Della Ricca, G.; Marone, M.; Montanino, D.; Schizzi, A.] Univ Trieste, Trieste, Italy. [Heo, S. G.; Kim, T. Y.; Nam, S. K.] Kangwon Natl Univ, Chunchon, South Korea. [Chang, S.; Chung, J.; Kim, D. H.; Kim, G. N.; Kong, D. J.; Park, H.; Ro, S. R.; Son, D. C.; Son, T.; Kamon, T.] Kyungpook Natl Univ, Taegu, South Korea. [Kim, J. Y.; Kim, Zero J.; Song, S.] Chonnam Natl Univ, Inst Universe & Elementary Particles, Kwangju, South Korea. [Jo, H. Y.] Konkuk Univ, Seoul, South Korea. [Choi, S.; Gyun, D.; Hong, B.; Jo, M.; Kim, H.; Kim, T. J.; Lee, K. S.; Moon, D. H.; Park, S. K.; Seo, E.] Korea Univ, Seoul, South Korea. [Kim, H.; Choi, M.; Kang, S.; Kim, J. H.; Park, C.; Park, I. C.; Park, S.; Ryu, G.] Univ Seoul, Seoul, South Korea. [Cho, Y.; Choi, Y.; Choi, Y. K.; Goh, J.; Kim, M. S.; Kwon, E.; Lee, B.; Lee, J.; Lee, S.; Seo, H.; Yu, I.] Sungkyunkwan Univ, Suwon, South Korea. [Bilinskas, M. J.; Grigelionis, I.; Janulis, M.; Juodagalvis, A.] Vilnius State Univ, Vilnius, Lithuania. [Castilla-Valdez, H.; De La Cruz-Burelo, E.; Heredia-de La Cruz, I.; Lopez-Fernandez, R.; Magana Villalba, R.; Martinez-Ortega, J.; Sanchez-Hernandez, A.; Villasenor-Cendejas, L. M.] IPN, Ctr Invest & Estudios Avanzados, Mexico City 07738, DF, Mexico. [Carrillo Moreno, S.; Vazquez Valencia, F.] Univ Iberoamer, Mexico City, DF, Mexico. [Salazar Ibarguen, H. A.] Benemerita Univ Autonoma Puebla, Puebla, Mexico. [Casimiro Linares, E.; Morelos Pineda, A.; Reyes-Santos, M. A.] Univ Autonoma San Luis Potosi, San Luis Potosi, Mexico. [Krofcheck, D.] Univ Auckland, Auckland 1, New Zealand. [Bell, A. J.; Butler, P. H.; Doesburg, R.; Reucroft, S.; Silverwood, H.] Univ Canterbury, Christchurch 1, New Zealand. [Ahmad, M.; Asghar, M. I.; Hoorani, H. R.; Khalid, S.; Khan, W. A.; Khurshid, T.; Qazi, S.; Shah, M. A.; Shoaib, M.] Quaid I Azam Univ, Natl Ctr Phys, Islamabad, Pakistan. [Brona, G.; Bunkowski, K.; Cwiok, M.; Dominik, W.; Doroba, K.; Kalinowski, A.; Konecki, M.; Krolikowski, J.] Univ Warsaw, Fac Phys, Inst Expt Phys, Warsaw, Poland. [Bluj, M.; Bialkowska, H.; Boimska, B.; Frueboes, T.; Gokieli, R.; Gorski, M.; Kazana, M.; Nawrocki, K.; Romanowska-Rybinska, K.; Szleper, M.; Wrochna, G.; Zalewski, P.] Soltan Inst Nucl Studies, PL-00681 Warsaw, Poland. [Almeida, N.; Bargassa, P.; David, A.; Faccioli, P.; Fernandes, M.; Ferreira Parracho, P. G.; Gallinaro, M.; Seixas, J.; Varela, J.; Vischia, P.] Lab Instrumentacao & Fis Expt Particulas, Lisbon, Portugal. [Tsamalaidze, Z.; Afanasiev, S.; Belotelov, I.; Bunin, P.; Gavrilenko, M.; Golutvin, I.; Gorbunov, I.; Karjavin, V.; Kozlov, G.; Lanev, A.; Malakhov, A.; Moisenz, P.; Palichik, V.; Perelygin, V.; Shmatov, S.; Smirnov, V.; Volodko, A.; Zarubin, A.] Joint Inst Nucl Res, Dubna, Russia. [Evstyukhin, S.; Golovtsov, V.; Ivanov, Y.; Kim, V.; Levchenko, P.; Murzin, V.; Oreshkin, V.; Smirnov, I.; Sulimov, V.; Uvarov, L.; Vavilov, S.; Vorobyev, A.; Vorobyev, An] Petersburg Nucl Phys Inst, St Petersburg, Russia. [Andreev, Yu; Dermenev, A.; Gninenko, S.; Golubev, N.; Kirsanov, M.; Krasnikov, N.; Matveev, V.; Pashenkov, A.; Tlisov, D.; Toropin, A.; Musienko, Y.] Russian Acad Sci, Inst Nucl Res, Moscow, Russia. [Epshteyn, V.; Erofeeva, M.; Gavrilov, V.; Kossov, M.; Lychkovskaya, N.; Popov, V.; Safronov, G.; Semenov, S.; Stolin, V.; Vlasov, E.; Zhokin, A.; Starodumov, A.; Nikitenko, A.] Inst Theoret & Expt Phys, Moscow 117259, Russia. [Zhukov, V.; Katkov, I.; Belyaev, A.; Boos, E.; Ershov, A.; Gribushin, A.; Klyukhin, V.; Kodolova, O.; Korotkikh, V.; Lokhtin, I.; Markina, A.; Obraztsov, S.; Perfilov, M.; Petrushanko, S.; Popov, A.; Sarycheva, L.; Savrin, V.; Snigirev, A.; Vardanyan, I.] Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Moscow, Russia. [Andreev, V.; Azarkin, M.; Dremin, I.; Kirakosyan, M.; Leonidov, A.; Mesyats, G.; Rusakov, S. V.; Vinogradov, A.] PN Lebedev Phys Inst, Moscow 117924, Russia. [Azhgirey, I.; Bayshev, I.; Bitioukov, S.; Grishin, V.; Kachanov, V.; Konstantinov, D.; Korablev, A.; Krychkine, V.; Petrov, V.; Ryutin, R.; Sobol, A.; Tourtchanovitch, L.; Troshin, S.; Tyurin, N.; Uzunian, A.; Volkov, A.] Inst High Energy Phys, State Res Ctr Russian Federat, Protvino, Russia. [Adzic, P.; Djordjevic, M.; Ekmedzic, M.; Krpic, D.; Milosevic, J.; Milenovic, P.] Univ Belgrade, Fac Phys, Belgrade 11001, Serbia. [Adzic, P.; Djordjevic, M.; Ekmedzic, M.; Krpic, D.; Milosevic, J.; Milenovic, P.] Vinca Inst Nucl Sci, Belgrade, Serbia. [Aguilar-Benitez, M.; Alcaraz Maestre, J.; Arce, P.; Battilana, C.; Calvo, E.; Cerrada, M.; Chamizo Llatas, M.; Colino, N.; De La Cruz, B.; Delgado Peris, A.; Diez Pardos, C.; Dominguez Vazquez, D.; Fernandez Bedoya, C.; Fernandez Ramos, J. P.; Ferrando, A.; Flix, J.; Fouz, M. C.; Garcia-Abia, P.; Gonzalez Lopez, O.; Goy Lopez, S.; Hernandez, J. M.; Josa, M. I.; Merino, G.; Puerta Pelayo, J.; Quintario Olmeda, A.; Redondo, I.; Romero, L.; Santaolalla, J.; Soares, M. S.; Willmott, C.] Ctr Invest Energet Medioambientales & Tecnol CIEM, Madrid, Spain. [Albajar, C.; Codispoti, G.; de Troconiz, J. F.] Univ Autonoma Madrid, Madrid, Spain. [Cuevas, J.; Fernandez Menendez, J.; Folgueras, S.; Gonzalez Caballero, I.; Lloret Iglesias, L.; Piedra Gomez, J.] Univ Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain. [Brochero Cifuentes, J. A.; Cabrillo, I. J.; Calderon, A.; Chuang, S. H.; Duarte Campderros, J.; Felcini, M.; Fernandez, M.; Gomez, G.; Gonzalez Sanchez, J.; Jorda, C.; Lobelle Pardo, P.; Lopez Virto, A.; Marco, J.; Marco, R.; Martinez Rivero, C.; Matorras, F.; Munoz Sanchez, F. J.; Rodrigo, T.; Rodriguez-Marrero, A. Y.; Ruiz-Jimeno, A.; Scodellaro, L.; Sobron Sanudo, M.; Vila, I.; Vilar Cortabitarte, R.] Univ Cantabria, CSIC, Inst Fis Cantabria IFCA, E-39005 Santander, Spain. [Genchev, V.; Iaydjiev, P.; Puljak, I.; Chierici, R.; Jung, H.; Guthoff, M.; Hauth, T.; Foudas, C.; Hajdu, C.; Sikler, F.; Sharma, A.; Mohanty, A. K.; Calabria, C.; De Filippis, N.; Fasanella, D.; Meneghelli, M.; Tropiano, A.; Benaglia, A.; Di Matteo, L.; Gennai, S.; Massironi, A.; Montoya, C. A. Carrillo; De Cosa, A.; Paolucci, P.; Bacchetta, N.; Branca, A.; Nespolo, M.; Tosi, M.; Lucaroni, A.; Taroni, S.; Fiori, F.; Squillacioti, P.; Tonelli, G.; Venturi, A.; Del Re, D.; Grassi, M.; Meridiani, P.; Mariotti, C.; Musich, M.; Marone, M.; Montanino, D.; Kossov, M.; Grishin, V.; Abbaneo, D.; Auffray, E.; Auzinger, G.; Baillon, P.; Ball, A. H.; Barney, D.; Bernet, C.; Bianchi, G.; Bloch, P.; Bocci, A.; Bonato, A.; Breuker, H.; Camporesi, T.; Cerminara, G.; Christiansen, T.; Perez, J. A. Coarasa; D'Enterria, D.; Dabrowski, A.; De Roeck, A.; Di Guida, S.; Dobson, M.; Dupont-Sagorin, N.; Elliott-Peisert, A.; Frisch, B.; Funk, W.; Georgiou, G.; Giffels, M.; Gigi, D.; Gill, K.; Giordano, D.; Giunta, M.; Glege, F.; Garrido, R. Gomez-Reino; Govoni, P.; Gowdy, S.; Guida, R.; Hansen, M.; Harris, P.; Hartl, C.; Harvey, J.; Hegner, B.; Hinzmann, A.; Innocente, V.; Janot, P.; Kaadze, K.; Karavakis, E.; Kousouris, K.; Lecoq, P.; Lee, Y. -J.; Lenzi, P.; Lourenco, C.; Maeki, T.; Malberti, M.; Malgeri, L.; Mannelli, M.; Masetti, L.; Meijers, F.; Mersi, S.; Meschi, E.; Moser, R.; Mozer, M. U.; Mulders, M.; Musella, P.; Nesvold, E.; Orimoto, T.; Orsini, L.; Cortezon, E. Palencia; Perez, E.; Petrilli, A.; Pfeiffer, A.; Pierini, M.; Pimiae, M.; Piparo, D.; Polese, G.; Quertenmont, L.; Racz, A.; Reece, W.; Antunes, J. Rodrigues; Rolandi, G.; Rommerskirchen, T.; Rovelli, C.; Rovere, M.; Sakulin, H.; Santanastasio, F.; Schaefer, C.; Schwick, C.; Segoni, I.; Sekmen, S.; Siegrist, P.; Silva, P.; Simon, M.; Sphicas, P.; Spiga, D.; Spiropulu, M.; Stoye, M.; Tsirou, A.; Veres, G. I.; Vlimant, J. R.; Woehri, H. K.; Worm, S. D.; Zeuner, W. D.; Pela, J.] CERN, European Org Nucl Res, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. [Bertl, W.; Deiters, K.; Erdmann, W.; Gabathuler, K.; Horisberger, R.; Ingram, Q.; Kaestli, H. C.; Koenig, S.; Kotlinski, D.; Langenegger, U.; Meier, F.; Renker, D.; Rohe, T.; Sibille, J.] Paul Scherrer Inst, Villigen, Switzerland. [Baeni, L.; Bortignon, P.; Buchmann, M. A.; Casal, B.; Chanon, N.; Chen, Z.; Deisher, A.; Dissertori, G.; Dittmar, M.; Duenser, M.; Eugster, J.; Freudenreich, K.; Grab, C.; Hits, D.; Lecomte, P.; Lustermann, W.; Marini, A. C.; del Arbol, P. Martinez Ruiz; Mohr, N.; Moort-Gat, F.; Naegeli, C.; Nef, P.; Nessi-Tedaldi, F.; Pandolfi, F.; Pape, L.; Pauss, F.; Peruzzi, M.; Ronga, F. J.; Rossini, M.; Sala, L.; Sanchez, A. K.; Starodumov, A.; Stieger, B.; Takahashi, M.; Tauscher, L.; Thea, A.; Theofilatos, K.; Treille, D.; Urscheler, C.; Wallny, R.; Weber, H. A.; Wehrli, L.] Swiss Fed Inst Technol, Inst Particle Phys, Zurich, Switzerland. [Aguilo, E.; Amsler, C.; Chiochia, V.; De Visscher, S.; Favaro, C.; Rikova, M. Ivova; Mejias, B. Millan; Otiougova, P.; Robmann, P.; Snoek, H.; Tupputi, S.; Verzetti, M.] Univ Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland. [Chang, Y. H.; Chen, K. H.; Kuo, C. M.; Li, S. W.; Lin, W.; Liu, Z. K.; Lu, Y. J.; Mekterovic, D.; Singh, A. P.; Volpe, R.; Yu, S. S.] Natl Cent Univ, Chungli, Taiwan. [Chang, Y. H.; Bartalini, P.; Chang, P.; Chang, Y. W.; Chao, Y.; Chen, K. F.; Dietz, C.; Grundler, U.; Hou, W. -S.; Hsiung, Y.; Kao, K. Y.; Lei, Y. J.; Lu, R. -S.; Majumder, D.; Petrakou, E.; Shi, X.; Shiu, J. G.; Tzeng, Y. M.; Wan, X.; Wang, M.] Natl Taiwan Univ, Taipei 10764, Taiwan. [Adiguzel, A.; Bakirci, M. N.; Cerci, S.; Dozen, C.; Dumanoglu, I.; Eskut, E.; Girgis, S.; Gokbulut, G.; Gurpinar, E.; Hos, I.; Kangal, E. E.; Karapinar, G.; Topaksu, A. Kayis; Onengut, G.; Ozdemir, K.; Ozturk, S.; Polatoz, A.; Sogut, K.; Cerci, D. Sunar; Tali, B.; Topakli, H.; Vergili, L. N.; Vergili, M.] Cukurova Univ, Adana, Turkey. [Akin, I. V.; Aliev, T.; Bilin, B.; Bilmis, S.; Deniz, M.; Gamsizkan, H.; Guler, A. M.; Ocalan, K.; Ozpineci, A.; Serin, M.; Sever, R.; Surat, U. E.; Yalvac, M.; Yildirim, E.; Zeyrek, M.] Middle E Tech Univ, Dept Phys, TR-06531 Ankara, Turkey. [Gulmez, E.; Isildak, B.; Kaya, M.; Kaya, O.; Ozkorucuklu, S.; Sonmez, N.] Bogazici Univ, Istanbul, Turkey. [Cankocak, K.] Istanbul Tech Univ, TR-80626 Istanbul, Turkey. [Levchuk, L.] Kharkov Inst Phys & Technol, Ctr Nat Sci, Kharkov, Ukraine. [Bostock, F.; Brooke, J. J.; Clement, E.; Cussans, D.; Flacher, H.; Frazier, R.; Goldstein, J.; Grimes, M.; Heath, G. P.; Heath, H. F.; Kreczko, L.; Metson, S.; Newbold, D. M.; Nirunpong, K.; Poll, A.; Senkin, S.; Smith, V. J.; Williams, T.] Univ Bristol, Bristol, Avon, England. [Worm, S. D.; Newbold, D. M.; Basso, L.; Belyaev, A.; Brew, C.; Brown, R. M.; Cockerill, D. J. A.; Coughlan, J. A.; Harder, K.; Harper, S.; Jackson, J.; Kennedy, B. W.; Olaiya, E.; Petyt, D.; Radburn-Smith, B. C.; Shepherd-Themistocleous, C. H.; Tomalin, I. R.; Womersley, W. J.] Rutherford Appleton Lab, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. [Bainbridge, R.; Ball, G.; Beuselinck, R.; Buchmuller, O.; Colling, D.; Cripps, N.; Cutajar, M.; Dauncey, P.; Davies, G.; Della Negra, M.; Ferguson, W.; Fulcher, J.; Futyan, D.; Gilbert, A.; Bryer, A. Guneratne; Hall, G.; Hatherell, Z.; Hays, J.; Iles, G.; Jarvis, M.; Karapostoli, G.; Lyons, L.; Magnan, A. -M.; Marrouche, J.; Mathias, B.; Nandi, R.; Nash, J.; Nikitenko, A.; Papageorgiou, A.; Pela, J.; Pesaresi, M.; Petridis, K.; Pioppi, M.; Raymond, D. M.; Rogerson, S.; Rose, A.; Ryan, M. J.; Seez, C.; Sharp, P.; Sparrow, A.; Tapper, A.; Acosta, M. Vazquez; Virdee, T.; Wakefield, S.; Wardle, N.; Whyntie, T.] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, London, England. [Chadwick, M.; Cole, J. E.; Hobson, P. R.; Khan, A.; Kyberd, P.; Leggat, D.; Leslie, D.; Martin, W.; Reid, I. D.; Symonds, P.; Teodorescu, L.; Turner, M.] Brunel Univ, Uxbridge UB8 3PH, Middx, England. [Hatakeyama, K.; Liu, H.; Scarborough, T.] Baylor Univ, Waco, TX 76798 USA. [Henderson, C.; Rumerio, P.] Univ Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL USA. [Avetisyan, A.; Bose, T.; Fantasia, C.; Heister, A.; St John, J.; Lawson, P.; Lazic, D.; Rohlf, J.; Sperka, D.; Sulak, L.] Boston Univ, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Bhattacharya, S.; Alimena, J.; Cutts, D.; Ferapontov, A.; Heintz, U.; Jabeen, S.; Kukartsev, G.; Laird, E.; Landsberg, G.; Luk, M.; Narain, M.; Nguyen, D.; Segala, M.; Sinthuprasith, T.; Speer, T.; Tsang, K. V.] Brown Univ, Providence, RI 02912 USA. [Breedon, R.; Breto, G.; Sanchez, M. Calderon De La Barca; Chauhan, S.; Chertok, M.; Conway, J.; Conway, R.; Cox, P. T.; Dolen, J.; Erbacher, R.; Gardner, M.; Houtz, R.; Ko, W.; Kopecky, A.; Lander, R.; Mall, O.; Miceli, T.; Nelson, R.; Pellett, D.; Rutherford, B.; Searle, M.; Smith, J.; Squires, M.; Tripathi, M.; Sierra, R. Vasquez] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Weber, M.; Andreev, V.; Felcini, M.; Cline, D.; Cousins, R.; Duris, J.; Erhan, S.; Everaerts, P.; Farrell, C.; Hauser, J.; Ignatenko, M.; Jarvis, C.; Plager, C.; Rakness, G.; Schlein, P.; Tucker, J.; Valuev, V.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Liu, H.; Babb, J.; Clare, R.; Dinardo, M. E.; Ellison, J.; Gary, J. W.; Giordano, F.; Hanson, G.; Jeng, G. Y.; Long, O. R.; Luthra, A.; Nguyen, H.; Paramesvaran, S.; Sturdy, J.; Sumowidagdo, S.; Wilken, R.; Wimpenny, S.] Univ Calif Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Sharma, V.; Andrews, W.; Branson, J. G.; Cerati, G. B.; Cittolin, S.; Evans, D.; Golf, F.; Holzner, A.; Kelley, R.; Lebourgeois, M.; Letts, J.; Macneill, I.; Mangano, B.; Padhi, S.; Palmer, C.; Petrucciani, G.; Pieri, M.; Sani, M.; Simon, S.; Sudano, E.; Tadel, M.; Tu, Y.; Vartak, A.; Wasserbaech, S.; Wuerthwein, F.; Yagil, A.; Yoo, J.] Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Barge, D.; Bellan, R.; Campagnari, C.; D'Alfonso, M.; Danielson, T.; Flowers, K.; Geffert, P.; Incandela, J.; Justus, C.; Kalavase, P.; Koay, S. A.; Kovalskyi, D.; Krutelyov, V.; Lowette, S.; Mccoll, N.; Pavlunin, V.; Rebassoo, F.; Ribnik, J.; Richman, J.; Rossin, R.; Stuart, D.; To, W.; West, C.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. [Dias, F. A.; Spiropulu, M.; Apresyan, A.; Bornheim, A.; Chen, Y.; Di Marco, E.; Duarte, J.; Gataullin, M.; Ma, Y.; Mott, A.; Newman, H. B.; Rogan, C.; Timciuc, V.; Traczyk, P.; Veverka, J.; Wilkinson, R.; Yang, Y.; Zhu, R. Y.] CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Akgun, B.; Carroll, R.; Ferguson, T.; Iiyama, Y.; Jang, D. W.; Liu, Y. F.; Paulini, M.; Vogel, H.; Vorobiev, I.] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. [Cumalat, J. P.; Drell, B. R.; Edelmaier, C. J.; Ford, W. T.; Gaz, A.; Heyburn, B.; Lopez, E. Luiggi; Smith, J. G.; Stenson, K.; Ulmer, K. A.; Wagner, S. R.] Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Alexander, J.; Chatterjee, A.; Eggert, N.; Gibbons, L. K.; Heltsley, B.; Khukhunaishvili, A.; Kreis, B.; Mirman, N.; Kaufman, G. Nicolas; Patterson, J. R.; Ryd, A.; Salvati, E.; Sun, W.; Teo, W. D.; Thom, J.; Thompson, J.; Vaughan, J.; Weng, Y.; Winstrom, L.; Wittich, P.] Cornell Univ, Ithaca, NY USA. [Winn, D.] Fairfield Univ, Fairfield, CT 06430 USA. [Bloch, D.; Harris, P.; Abdullin, S.; Albrow, M.; Anderson, J.; Bauerdick, L. A. T.; Beretvas, A.; Berryhill, J.; Bhat, P. C.; Burkett, K.; Butler, J. N.; Chetluru, V.; Cheung, H. W. K.; Chlebana, F.; Elvira, V. D.; Fisk, I.; Freeman, J.; Gao, Y.; Green, D.; Gutsche, O.; Hahn, A.; Hanlon, J.; Hirschauer, J.; Hooberman, B.; Jindariani, S.; Johnson, M.; Joshi, U.; Kilminster, B.; Klima, B.; Kunori, S.; Kwan, S.; Leonidopoulos, C.; Lincoln, D.; Lipton, R.; Lueking, L.; Lykken, J.; Maeshima, K.; Marraffino, J. M.; Maruyama, S.; Mason, D.; McBride, P.; Mishra, K.; Mrenna, S.; Musienko, Y.; Newman-Holmes, C.; O'Dell, V.; Prokofyev, O.; Sexton-Kennedy, E.; Sharma, S.; Spalding, W. J.; Spiegel, L.; Tan, P.; Taylor, L.; Tkaczyk, S.; Tran, N. V.; Uplegger, L.; Vaandering, E. W.; Vidal, R.; Whitmore, J.; Wu, W.; Yang, F.; Yumiceva, F.; Yun, J. C.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. [Piedra Gomez, J.; Acosta, D.; Avery, P.; Bourilkov, D.; Chen, M.; Das, S.; De Gruttola, M.; Di Giovanni, G. P.; Dobur, D.; Drozdetskiy, A.; Field, R. D.; Fisher, M.; Fu, Y.; Furic, I. K.; Gartner, J.; Hugon, J.; Kim, B.; Konigsberg, J.; Korytov, A.; Kropivnitskaya, A.; Kypreos, T.; Low, J. F.; Matchev, K.; Milenovic, P.; Mitselmakher, G.; Muniz, L.; Remington, R.; Rinkevicius, A.; Sellers, P.; Skhirtladze, N.; Snowball, M.; Yelton, J.; Zakaria, M.] Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL USA. [Gaultney, V.; Lebolo, L. M.; Linn, S.; Markowitz, P.; Martinez, G.; Rodriguez, J. L.] Florida Int Univ, Miami, FL 33199 USA. [Adams, J. R.; Adams, T.; Askew, A.; Bochenek, J.; Chen, J.; Diamond, B.; Gleyzer, S. V.; Haas, J.; Hagopian, S.; Hagopian, V.; Jenkins, M.; Johnson, K. F.; Prosper, H.; Veeraraghavan, V.; Weinberg, M.] Florida State Univ, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. [Baarmand, M. M.; Dorney, B.; Hohlmann, M.; Kalakhety, H.; Vodopiyanov, I.] Florida Inst Technol, Melbourne, FL 32901 USA. [Adams, M. R.; Anghel, I. M.; Apanasevich, L.; Bai, Y.; Bazterra, V. E.; Betts, R. R.; Bucinskaite, I.; Callner, J.; Cavanaugh, R.; Dragoiu, C.; Evdokimov, O.; Gauthier, L.; Gerber, C. E.; Hamdan, S.; Hofman, D. J.; Khalatyan, S.; Lacroix, F.; Malek, M.; O'Brien, C.; Silkworth, C.; Strom, D.; Varelas, N.] UIC, Chicago, IL USA. [Ozturk, S.; Akgun, U.; Albayrak, E. A.; Bilki, B.; Clarida, W.; Duru, F.; Griffiths, S.; Merlo, J. -P.; Mermerkaya, H.; Mestvirishvili, A.; Moeller, A.; Nachtman, J.; Newsom, C. R.; Norbeck, E.; Onel, Y.; Ozok, F.; Sen, S.; Tiras, E.; Wetzel, J.; Yetkin, T.; Yi, K.] Univ Iowa, Iowa City, IA USA. [Barnett, B. A.; Blumenfeld, B.; Bolognesi, S.; Fehling, D.; Giurgiu, G.; Gritsan, A. V.; Guo, Z. J.; Hu, G.; Maksimovic, P.; Rappoccio, S.; Swartz, M.; Whitbeck, A.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD USA. [Sibille, J.; Baringer, P.; Bean, A.; Benelli, G.; Grachov, O.; Iii, R. P. Kenny; Murray, M.; Noonan, D.; Sanders, S.; Stringer, R.; Tinti, G.; Wood, J. S.; Zhukova, V.] Univ Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. [Barfuss, A. F.; Bolton, T.; Chakaberia, I.; Ivanov, A.; Khalil, S.; Makouski, M.; Maravin, Y.; Shrestha, S.; Svintradze, I.] Kansas State Univ, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Gronberg, J.; Lange, D.; Wright, D.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. [Baden, A.; Boutemeur, M.; Calvert, B.; Eno, S. C.; Gomez, J. A.; Hadley, N. J.; Kellogg, R. G.; Kirn, M.; Kolberg, T.; Lu, Y.; Marionneau, M.; Mignerey, A. C.; Pedro, K.; Peterman, A.; Skuja, A.; Temple, J.; Tonjes, M. B.; Tonwar, S. C.; Twedt, E.] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Li, W.; Bauer, G.; Bendavid, J.; Busza, W.; Butz, E.; Cali, I. A.; Chan, M.; Dutta, V.; Ceballos, G. Gomez; Goncharov, M.; Hahn, K. A.; Kim, Y.; Klute, M.; Luckey, P. D.; Ma, T.; Nahn, S.; Paus, C.; Ralph, D.; Roland, C.; Roland, G.; Rudolph, M.; Stephans, G. S. F.; Stoeckli, F.; Sumorok, K.; Sung, K.; Velicanu, D.; Wenger, E. A.; Wolf, R.; Wyslouch, B.; Xie, S.; Yang, M.; Yilmaz, Y.; Yoon, A. S.; Zanetti, M.] MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Cooper, S. I.; Cushman, P.; Dahmes, B.; De Benedetti, A.; Franzoni, G.; Gude, A.; Haupt, J.; Kao, S. C.; Klapoetke, K.; Kubota, Y.; Mans, J.; Pastika, N.; Rusack, R.; Sasseville, M.; Singovsky, A.; Tambe, N.; Turkewitz, J.] Univ Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN USA. [Cremaldi, L. M.; Kroeger, R.; Perera, L.; Rahmat, R.; Sanders, D. A.] Univ Mississippi, University, MS 38677 USA. [Avdeeva, E.; Bloom, K.; Bose, S.; Butt, J.; Claes, D. R.; Dominguez, A.; Eads, M.; Jindal, P.; Keller, J.; Kravchenko, I.; Lazo-Flores, J.; Malbouisson, H.; Malik, S.; Snow, G. R.] Univ Nebraska, Lincoln, NE USA. [Baur, U.; Godshalk, A.; Iashvili, I.; Jain, S.; Kharchilava, A.; Shipkowski, S. P.; Smith, K.] SUNY Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. [Alverson, G.; Barberis, E.; Baumgartel, D.; Chasco, M.; Haley, J.; Nash, D.; Trocino, D.; Wood, D.; Zhang, J.] Northeastern Univ, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Anastassov, A.; Kubik, A.; Mucia, N.; Odell, N.; Ofierzynski, R. A.; Pollack, B.; Pozdnyakov, A.; Schmitt, M.; Stoynev, S.; Velasco, M.; Won, S.] Northwestern Univ, Evanston, IL USA. [Antonelli, L.; Berry, D.; Brinkerhoff, A.; Hildreth, M.; Jessop, C.; Karmgard, D. J.; Kolb, J.; Lannon, K.; Luo, W.; Lynch, S.; Marinelli, N.; Morse, D. M.; Pearson, T.; Ruchti, R.; Slaunwhite, J.; Valls, N.; Wayne, M.; Wolf, M.] Univ Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. [Bylsma, B.; Durkin, L. S.; Hart, A.; Hill, C.; Hughes, R.; Kotov, K.; Ling, T. Y.; Puigh, D.; Rodenburg, M.; Vuosalo, C.; Williams, G.; Winer, B. L.] Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Adam, N.; Berry, E.; Elmer, P.; Gerbaudo, D.; Halyo, V.; Hebda, P.; Hegeman, J.; Hunt, A.; Pegna, D. Lopes; Lujan, P.; Marlow, D.; Medvedeva, T.; Mooney, M.; Olsen, J.; Piroue, P.; Quan, X.; Raval, A.; Saka, H.; Stickland, D.; Tully, C.; Werner, J. S.; Zuranski, A.] Princeton Univ, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Acosta, D.; Brownson, E.; Huang, X. T.; Lopez, A.; Mendez, H.; Oliveros, S.; Vargas, J. E. Ramirez; Zatserklyaniy, A.] Univ Puerto Rico, Mayaguez, PR USA. [Alagoz, E.; Barnes, V. E.; Benedetti, D.; Bolla, G.; Bortoletto, D.; De Mattia, M.; Everett, A.; Hu, Z.; Jones, M.; Koybasi, O.; Kress, M.; Laasanen, A. T.; Leonardo, N.; Maroussov, V.; Merkel, P.; Miller, D. H.; Neumeister, N.; Shipsey, I.; Silvers, D.; Svyatkovskiy, A.; Marono, M. Vidal; Yoo, H. D.; Zablocki, J.; Zheng, Y.] Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Guragain, S.; Parashar, N.] Purdue Univ Calumet, Hammond, LA USA. [Adair, A.; Boulahouache, C.; Cuplov, V.; Ecklund, K. M.; Geurts, F. J. M.; Padley, B. P.; Redjimi, R.; Roberts, J.; Zabel, J.] Rice Univ, Houston, TX USA. [Betchart, B.; Bodek, A.; Chung, Y. S.; Covarelli, R.; de Barbaro, P.; Demina, R.; Eshaq, Y.; Garcia-Bellido, A.; Goldenzweig, P.; Gotra, Y.; Han, J.; Harel, A.; Korjenevski, S.; Miner, D. C.; Vishnevskiy, D.; Zielinski, M.] Univ Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. [Malik, S.; Bhatti, A.; Ciesielski, R.; Demortier, L.; Goulianos, K.; Lungu, G.; Mesropian, C.] Rockefeller Univ, New York, NY 10021 USA. [Rose, A.; Arora, S.; Barker, A.; Chou, J. P.; Contreras-Campana, C.; Contreras-Campana, E.; Duggan, D.; Ferencek, D.; Gershtein, Y.; Gray, R.; Halkiadakis, E.; Hidas, D.; Lath, A.; Panwalkar, S.; Park, M.; Patel, R.; Rekovic, V.; Richards, A.; Robles, J.; Salur, S.; Schnetzer, S.; Seitz, C.; Somalwar, S.; Stone, R.; Thomas, S.] Rutgers State Univ, Piscataway, NJ USA. [Cerizza, G.; Hollingsworth, M.; Spanier, S.; Yang, Z. C.; York, A.] Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN USA. [Eusebi, R.; Flanagan, W.; Gilmore, J.; Kamon, T.; Khotilovich, V.; Montalvo, R.; Osipenkov, I.; Pakhotin, Y.; Perloff, A.; Roe, J.; Safonov, A.; Sakuma, T.; Sengupta, S.; Suarez, I.; Tatarinov, A.; Toback, D.] Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX USA. [Akchurin, N.; Damgov, J.; Dudero, P. R.; Jeong, C.; Kovitanggoon, K.; Lee, S. 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Tomei, Thiago/0000-0002-1809-5226; Ivanov, Andrew/0000-0002-9270-5643; Hill, Christopher/0000-0003-0059-0779; Novaes, Sergio/0000-0003-0471-8549; Karancsi, Janos/0000-0003-0802-7665; Wulz, Claudia-Elisabeth/0000-0001-9226-5812; Wimpenny, Stephen/0000-0003-0505-4908; Dogangun, Oktay/0000-0002-1255-2211; de Jesus Damiao, Dilson/0000-0002-3769-1680; Codispoti, Giuseppe/0000-0003-0217-7021; Fiorendi, Sara/0000-0003-3273-9419; Martelli, Arabella/0000-0003-3530-2255; Gonzi, Sandro/0000-0003-4754-645X; Levchenko, Petr/0000-0003-4913-0538; Varela, Joao/0000-0003-2613-3146; Heath, Helen/0000-0001-6576-9740; Attia Mahmoud, Mohammed/0000-0001-8692-5458; Bilki, Burak/0000-0001-9515-3306; Lloret Iglesias, Lara/0000-0002-0157-4765; Sguazzoni, Giacomo/0000-0002-0791-3350; Ligabue, Franco/0000-0002-1549-7107; Diemoz, Marcella/0000-0002-3810-8530; Fassi, Farida/0000-0002-6423-7213; Ghezzi, Alessio/0000-0002-8184-7953; bianco, stefano/0000-0002-8300-4124; Demaria, Natale/0000-0003-0743-9465; Covarelli, Roberto/0000-0003-1216-5235; 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Arce, Pedro/0000-0003-3009-0484; Flix, Josep/0000-0003-2688-8047; Della Ricca, Giuseppe/0000-0003-2831-6982; Paganoni, Marco/0000-0003-2461-275X; Dahms, Torsten/0000-0003-4274-5476; Grandi, Claudio/0000-0001-5998-3070; Lazzizzera, Ignazio/0000-0001-5092-7531; Sen, Sercan/0000-0001-7325-1087; D'Alessandro, Raffaello/0000-0001-7997-0306; Belyaev, Alexander/0000-0002-1733-4408; Stahl, Achim/0000-0002-8369-7506; Trocsanyi, Zoltan/0000-0002-2129-1279; Konecki, Marcin/0000-0001-9482-4841; Bedoya, Cristina/0000-0001-8057-9152; My, Salvatore/0000-0002-9938-2680; Cerrada, Marcos/0000-0003-0112-1691; Azzi, Patrizia/0000-0002-3129-828X; Scodellaro, Luca/0000-0002-4974-8330; Calvo Alamillo, Enrique/0000-0002-1100-2963; Paulini, Manfred/0000-0002-6714-5787; Vogel, Helmut/0000-0002-6109-3023; Marinho, Franciole/0000-0002-7327-0349; Ferguson, Thomas/0000-0001-5822-3731; Benussi, Luigi/0000-0002-2363-8889 FU FMSR (Austria); FNRS (Belgium); FWO (Belgium); CNPq (Brazil); CAPES (Brazil); FAPERJ (Brazil); FAPESP (Brazil); MES (Bulgaria); CERN; CAS (China); MoST (China); NSFC (China); COLCIENCIAS (Colombia); MSES (Croatia); RPF (Cyprus); MoER [SF0690030s09]; ERDF (Estonia); Academy of Finland; MEC; HIP (Finland); CEA; CNRS/IN2P3 (France); BMBF (Germany); DFG (Germany); HGF (Germany); GSRT (Greece); OTKA (Hungary); NKTH (Hungary); DAE (India); DST (India); IPM (Iran); SFI (Ireland); INFN (Italy); NRF; WCU (Korea); LAS (Lithuania); CINVESTAV (Mexico); CONACYT (Mexico); SEP (Mexico); SEP, and UASLP-FAI (Mexico); MSI (New Zealand); PAEC (Pakistan); MSHE (Poland); NSC (Poland); FCT (Portugal); JINR (Armenia); JINR (Belarus); JINR (Georgia); JINR (Ukraine); JINR (Uzbekistan); MON (Russia); RosAtom (Russia); RAS (Russia); RFBR (Russia); MSTD (Serbia); MICINN (Spain); CPAN (Spain); Swiss Funding Agencies (Switzerland); NSC (Taipei); TUBITAK (Turkey); TAEK (Turkey); STFC (United Kingdom); DOE and NSF (USA); Marie-Curie programme; European Research Council (European Union); Leventis Foundation; A. P. Sloan Foundation; Alexander von Humboldt Foundation; Belgian Federal Science Policy Office; Fonds pour la Formation a la Recherche dans l'Industrie et dans l'Agriculture (FRIA-Belgium); Agentschap voor Innovatie door Wetenschap en Technologie (IWT-Belgium); Council of Science and Industrial Research, India; HOMING PLUS programme of Foundation for Polish Science; European Union, Regional Development Fund FX We congratulate our colleagues in the CERN accelerator departments for the excellent performance of the LHC machine. We thank the technical and administrative staff at CERN and other CMS institutes, and acknowledge support from: FMSR (Austria); FNRS and FWO (Belgium); CNPq, CAPES, FAPERJ, and FAPESP (Brazil); MES (Bulgaria); CERN; CAS, MoST, and NSFC (China); COLCIENCIAS (Colombia); MSES (Croatia); RPF (Cyprus); MoER, SF0690030s09 and ERDF (Estonia); Academy of Finland, MEC, and HIP (Finland); CEA and CNRS/IN2P3 (France); BMBF, DFG, and HGF (Germany); GSRT (Greece); OTKA and NKTH (Hungary); DAE and DST (India); IPM (Iran); SFI (Ireland); INFN (Italy); NRF and WCU (Korea); LAS (Lithuania); CINVESTAV, CONACYT, SEP, and UASLP-FAI (Mexico); MSI (New Zealand); PAEC (Pakistan); MSHE and NSC (Poland); FCT (Portugal); JINR (Armenia, Belarus, Georgia, Ukraine, Uzbekistan); MON, RosAtom, RAS and RFBR (Russia); MSTD (Serbia); MICINN and CPAN (Spain); Swiss Funding Agencies (Switzerland); NSC (Taipei); TUBITAK and TAEK (Turkey); STFC (United Kingdom); DOE and NSF (USA). Individuals have received support from the Marie-Curie programme and the European Research Council (European Union); the Leventis Foundation; the A. P. Sloan Foundation; the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation; the Belgian Federal Science Policy Office; the Fonds pour la Formation a la Recherche dans l'Industrie et dans l'Agriculture (FRIA-Belgium); the Agentschap voor Innovatie door Wetenschap en Technologie (IWT-Belgium); the Council of Science and Industrial Research, India; and the HOMING PLUS programme of Foundation for Polish Science, cofinanced from European Union, Regional Development Fund. NR 37 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 63 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1029-8479 J9 J HIGH ENERGY PHYS JI J. High Energy Phys. PD OCT PY 2012 IS 10 AR 087 DI 10.1007/JHEP10(2012)087 PG 30 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 034DZ UT WOS:000310851600046 ER PT J AU Elor, G Hall, LJ Pinner, D Ruderman, JT AF Elor, Gilly Hall, Lawrence J. Pinner, David Ruderman, Joshua T. TI Yukawa unification and the superpartner mass scale SO JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Supersymmetry Phenomenology ID MINIMAL FLAVOR VIOLATION; GRAND UNIFIED THEORIES; COLOR-BREAKING MINIMA; MODEL HIGGS-BOSON; TOP-QUARK-MASS; DARK-MATTER; SPLIT SUPERSYMMETRY; STANDARD MODEL; ROOT-S=7 TEV; GENERIC MODEL AB Naturalness in supersymmetry (SUSY) is under siege by increasingly stringent LHC constraints, but natural electroweak symmetry breaking still remains the most powerful motivation for superpartner masses within experimental reach. If naturalness is the wrong criterion then what determines the mass scale of the superpartners? We motivate supersymmetry by (1) gauge coupling unification, (2) dark matter, and (3) precision b - tau Yukawa unification. We show that for an LSP that is a bino-Higgsino admixture, these three requirements lead to an upper-bound on the stop and sbottom masses in the several TeV regime because the threshold correction to the bottom mass at the superpartner scale is required to have a particular size. For tan beta approximate to 50, which is needed for t - b - tau unification, the stops must be lighter than 2.8TeV when A(t) has the opposite sign of the gluino mass, as is favored by renormalization group scaling. For lower values of tan beta, the top and bottom squarks must be even lighter. Yukawa unification plus dark matter implies that superpartners are likely in reach of the LHC, after the upgrade to 14 (or 13) TeV, independent of any considerations of naturalness. We present a model-independent, bottom-up analysis of the SUSY parameter space that is simultaneously consistent with Yukawa unification and the hint for m(h) = 125 GeV. We study the flavor and dark matter phenomenology that accompanies this Yukawa unification. A large portion of the parameter space predicts that the branching fraction for B-s -> mu(+)mu(-) will be observed to be significantly lower than the SM value. C1 [Elor, Gilly] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Berkeley Ctr Theoret Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Theoret Phys Grp, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Elor, G (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Berkeley Ctr Theoret Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM gelor@berkeley.edu; LJHall@lbl.gov; dpinner@berkeley.edu; ruderman@berkeley.edu FU Office of Science, Office of High Energy and Nuclear Physics, of the US Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; National Science Foundation [PHY-0457315, PHY-0855653]; Miller Institute for Basic Research in Science FX We thank Nima Arkani-Hamed, Michele Papucci, and Neal Weiner for useful discussions. We also thank Pietro Slavich for providing us with the version of Suspect used in ref. [38], which computes the Higgs mass accurately with heavy scalars. This work was supported in part by the Director, Office of Science, Office of High Energy and Nuclear Physics, of the US Department of Energy under Contract DE-AC02-05CH11231 and by the National Science Foundation under grants PHY-0457315 and PHY-0855653. J.T.R. is supported by a fellowship from the Miller Institute for Basic Research in Science. NR 79 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1029-8479 J9 J HIGH ENERGY PHYS JI J. High Energy Phys. PD OCT PY 2012 IS 10 AR 111 DI 10.1007/JHEP10(2012)111 PG 39 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 034DZ UT WOS:000310851600022 ER PT J AU Gifford, AN Bennett, CV Fowler, JS AF Gifford, Andrew N. Bennett, Caitlin V. Fowler, Joanna S. TI Radiosynthesis of the fluorinated sucrose analogue, 1 '-[F-18]fluoro-1 '-deoxysucrose SO JOURNAL OF LABELLED COMPOUNDS & RADIOPHARMACEUTICALS LA English DT Article DE fluorine-18; sucrose; disaccharide sugar; triflate precursor ID REGIOSELECTIVE ENZYMATIC DEACETYLATION; HEPTA-O-ACETYLSUCROSES; SUCROCHEMISTRY; OCTAACETATE; HYDROLYSIS; PROTEIN; POTATO AB Fluorinated and deoxysucrose analogues have been proven useful in probing the substrate specificity and roles of sucrose processing enzymes and transporters in plants. To synthesize an 18F-labeled fluorodeoxysucrose analogue suitable for in vivo studies, an acyl-protected, disaccharide-based radiofluorination precursor (sucrose 1'-O-trifluoromethanesulfonyl-2,3,4,6,3',4',6'-hepta-O-acetate; 2) was prepared by regioselective mono-deacetylation of sucrose octaacetate using a commercial esterase enzyme followed by conversion of the resultant sucrose heptaacetate to the corresponding triflate. Reaction of this triflate precursor with [18F]fluoride followed by base hydrolysis to remove the acetate groups and HPLC purification gave 1'-[18F]fluoro-1'-deoxysucrose (4) in an overall synthesis time of 80?min and with a median decay corrected yield of 26% (n?=?4). This study demonstrates the use of an enzymatic approach to aid the synthesis of a regiospecific radiofluorination precursor starting from the readily available fully acetylated sugar, thus avoiding the need for a complex classical carbohydrate protection strategy to individually protect each hydroxyl group in the molecule. Copyright (c) 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 [Gifford, Andrew N.; Bennett, Caitlin V.; Fowler, Joanna S.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Med, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Gifford, AN (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Med, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM gifforda@bnl.gov FU US Department of Energy, Office of Biological and Environmental Research [DE-AC02-98CH10886] FX This work was supported by the US Department of Energy, Office of Biological and Environmental Research under contract DE-AC02-98CH10886. The authors gratefully acknowledge Dr. M. Miura for assistance with enzyme assays and Drs. S.W. Kim and A. Reid for assistance with interpretation of the NMR spectra. NR 19 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 16 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0362-4803 J9 J LABELLED COMPD RAD JI J. Label. Compd. Radiopharm. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 55 IS 12 BP 441 EP 446 DI 10.1002/jlcr.2969 PG 6 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Medicinal; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Chemistry GA 041CY UT WOS:000311375100004 ER PT J AU Catalyurek, UV Feo, J Gebremedhin, AH Halappanavar, M Pothen, A AF Catalyuerek, Uemit V. Feo, John Gebremedhin, Assefaw H. Halappanavar, Mahantesh Pothen, Alex TI Graph coloring algorithms for multi-core and massively multithreaded architectures SO PARALLEL COMPUTING LA English DT Article DE Multi-core/multithreaded computing; Parallel graph algorithms; Combinatorial scientific computing; Graph coloring ID PARALLEL ALGORITHM; MATRICES; COMPUTATION; EFFICIENT; HESSIANS AB We explore the interplay between architectures and algorithm design in the context of shared-memory platforms and a specific graph problem of central importance in scientific and high-performance computing, distance-1 graph coloring. We introduce two different kinds of multithreaded heuristic algorithms for the stated. NP-hard, problem. The first algorithm relies on speculation and iteration, and is suitable for any shared-memory system. The second algorithm uses dataflow principles, and is targeted at the non-conventional, massively multithreaded Cray XMT system. We study the performance of the algorithms on the Cray XMT and two multi-core systems, Sun Niagara 2 and Intel Nehalem. Together, the three systems represent a spectrum of multithreading capabilities and memory structure. As testbed, we use synthetically generated large-scale graphs carefully chosen to cover a wide range of input types. The results show that the algorithms have scalable runtime performance and use nearly the same number of colors as the underlying serial algorithm, which in turn is effective in practice. The study provides insight into the design of high performance algorithms for irregular problems on many-core architectures. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Gebremedhin, Assefaw H.; Pothen, Alex] Purdue Univ, Dept Comp Sci, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Catalyuerek, Uemit V.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Biomed Informat, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Feo, John; Halappanavar, Mahantesh] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Catalyuerek, Uemit V.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. RP Gebremedhin, AH (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Dept Comp Sci, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. EM agebreme@purdue.edu OI Pothen, Alex/0000-0002-3421-3325; Catalyurek, Umit/0000-0002-5625-3758 FU U.S. Department of Energy through the CSCAPES Institute [DE-FC02-08ER25864, DE-FC02-06ER2775]; National Science Foundation [CCF-0830645, CNS-0643969, OCI-0904809, OCI-0904802]; Center for Adaptive Supercomputing Software (CASS) at the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC06-76L01830] FX We thank the anonymous referees and Fredrik Manne for their valuable comments on an earlier version of the manuscript. This research was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy through the CSCAPES Institute (Grants DE-FC02-08ER25864 and DE-FC02-06ER2775), by the National Science Foundation through Grants CCF-0830645, CNS-0643969, OCI-0904809, and OCI-0904802, and by the Center for Adaptive Supercomputing Software (CASS) at the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory. The Pacific Northwest National Laboratory is operated by Battelle for the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract DE-AC06-76L01830. NR 33 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-8191 EI 1872-7336 J9 PARALLEL COMPUT JI Parallel Comput. PD OCT-NOV PY 2012 VL 38 IS 10-11 BP 576 EP 594 DI 10.1016/j.parco.2012.07.001 PG 19 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA 043FS UT WOS:000311528900003 ER PT J AU Brown, KE Shaw, WL Zheng, XX Dlott, DD AF Brown, Kathryn E. Shaw, William L. Zheng, Xianxu Dlott, Dana D. TI Simplified laser-driven flyer plates for shock compression science SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article ID HOT-SPOT FORMATION; TEFLON; CHEMISTRY; AL; ACCELERATION; COMPOSITES; DETONATION; INITIATION; EMISSION; DYNAMICS AB We describe a simplified system of laser-driven flyer plates for shock compression science and shock spectroscopy. We used commercially available one-box Nd:YAG lasers and beam homogenization solutions to create two launch systems, one based on a smaller (400 mJ) YAG laser and an inexpensive diffusive optic, and one based on a larger (2500 mJ) laser and a diffractive beam homogenizer. The flyer launch, flight, and impact processes were characterized by an 8 GHz fiberoptic photon Doppler velocimeter. We investigated effects of different substrates, adhesives, absorbers, ablative layers, and punching out disks from continuous foils versus fabricating individual foil disks, and found that a simple metal foil epoxied to a glass window was satisfactory in almost all cases. Our simplified system launched flyer plates with velocities up to 4.5 km s(-1) and kinetic energies up to 250 mJ that can drive sustained steady shocks for up to 25 ns. The factor that limits these velocities and energies is the laser fluence that can be transmitted through the glass substrate to the flyer surface without optical damage. Methods to increase this transmission are discussed. Reproducible flyer launches were demonstrated with velocity variations of 0.06% and impact time variations of 1 ns. The usefulness of this flyer plate system is demonstrated by Hugoniot equation of state measurements of a polymer film, emission spectroscopy of a dye embedded in the polymer, and impact initiation and emission spectroscopy of a reactive material consisting of nanoscopic fuel and oxidizer particles. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4754717] C1 [Brown, Kathryn E.; Shaw, William L.; Zheng, Xianxu; Dlott, Dana D.] Univ Illinois, Sch Chem Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP Brown, KE (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM dlott@illinois.edu OI Dlott, Dana/0000-0001-8719-7093 FU US Army Research Office [W911NF-10-1-0072]; US Air Force Office of Scientific Research [FA9550-09-1-0163]; Defense Threat Reduction Agency [HDTRA1-12-1-0011]; Carnegie-DOE Alliance Center [DOE CIW 4-3253-13] FX The research described in this study was based on work supported by the US Army Research Office under Award No. W911NF-10-1-0072, the US Air Force Office of Scientific Research under Award No. FA9550-09-1-0163, the Defense Threat Reduction Agency under Award No. HDTRA1-12-1-0011, and the Stewardship Sciences Academic Alliance Program from the Carnegie-DOE Alliance Center, under Grant No. DOE CIW 4-3253-13. We are grateful to James Norby of Spectra-Physics for advice on YAG laser design and capabilities and Dr. Thierry Berthou of Silios, Inc. for advice on diffractive optics. NR 49 TC 24 Z9 25 U1 3 U2 45 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 83 IS 10 AR 103901 DI 10.1063/1.4754717 PN 1 PG 13 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 043QZ UT WOS:000311562500034 PM 23126776 ER PT J AU Jaramillo, R Feng, YJ Rosenbaum, TF AF Jaramillo, R. Feng, Yejun Rosenbaum, T. F. TI Four-probe electrical measurements with a liquid pressure medium in a diamond anvil cell SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article ID RESISTANCE MEASUREMENTS; RESISTIVITY MEASUREMENTS; TRANSPORT MEASUREMENTS; SINGLE-CRYSTALS; DENSITY WAVES; 40 GPA; SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; CHROMIUM; TEMPERATURES AB We describe a technique for making electrical transport measurements in a diamond anvil cell using an alcohol pressure medium, permitting acute sensitivity while preserving sample fidelity. The sample is suspended in the liquid medium by four gold leads that are electrically isolated by a composite gasket made of stainless steel and an alumina-loaded epoxy. We demonstrate the technique with four-probe resistivity measurements of chromium single crystals at temperatures down to 4 K and pressures above 10 GPa. Our assembly is optimized for making high precision measurements of the magnetic phase diagram and quantum critical regime of chromium, which require repeated temperature sweeps and fine pressure steps while maintaining high sample quality. The high sample quality enabled by the quasi-hydrostatic pressure medium is evidenced by the residual resistivity below 0.1 mu Omega cm and the relative resistivity ratio rho(120 K)/rho(5 K) = 15.9 at 11.4 GPa. By studying the quality of Cr's antiferromagnetic transition over a range of pressures, we show that the pressure inhomogeneity experienced by the sample is always below 5%. Finally, we solve for the Debye temperature of Cr up to 11.4 GPa using the Bloch-Gruneisen formula and find it to be independent of pressure. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4757178] C1 [Jaramillo, R.] Harvard Univ, Sch Engn & Appl Sci, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Feng, Yejun] Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Feng, Yejun; Rosenbaum, T. F.] Univ Chicago, James Franck Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Feng, Yejun; Rosenbaum, T. F.] Univ Chicago, Dept Phys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. RP Jaramillo, R (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Sch Engn & Appl Sci, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RI Feng, Yejun/A-5417-2009 OI Feng, Yejun/0000-0003-3667-056X FU National Science Foundation [DMR-1206519]; U.S. DOE-BES [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX The work at the University of Chicago was supported by National Science Foundation Grant No. DMR-1206519. The work at the Advanced Photon Source of the Argonne National Laboratory was supported by the U.S. DOE-BES under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. NR 38 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 32 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 83 IS 10 AR 103902 DI 10.1063/1.4757178 PN 1 PG 8 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 043QZ UT WOS:000311562500035 PM 23126777 ER PT J AU Kugland, NL Ryutov, DD Plechaty, C Ross, JS Park, HS AF Kugland, N. L. Ryutov, D. D. Plechaty, C. Ross, J. S. Park, H. -S. TI Invited Article: Relation between electric and magnetic field structures and their proton-beam images SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article ID HIGH-INTENSITY LASER; INERTIAL-FUSION IMPLOSIONS; HIGH-POWER LASERS; COLLISIONLESS SHOCKS; EXPERIMENTAL ASTROPHYSICS; MATTER INTERACTIONS; SOLID INTERACTIONS; ION-ACCELERATION; OMEGA LASER; DRIVEN AB Proton imaging is commonly used to reveal the electric and magnetic fields that are found in high energy density plasmas. Presented here is an analysis of this technique that is directed towards developing additional insight into the underlying physics. This approach considers: formation of images in the limits of weak and strong intensity variations; caustic formation and structure; image inversion to obtain line-integrated field characteristics; direct relations between images and electric or magnetic field structures in a plasma; imaging of sharp features such as Debye sheaths and shocks. Limitations on spatial and temporal resolution are assessed, and similarities with optical shadowgra-phy are noted. Synthetic proton images are presented to illustrate the analysis. These results will be useful for quantitatively analyzing experimental proton imaging data and verifying numerical codes. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4750234] C1 [Kugland, N. L.; Ryutov, D. D.; Plechaty, C.; Ross, J. S.; Park, H. -S.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Kugland, NL (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 808, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. FU U.S. Department of Energy by the LLNL [DE-AC52-07NA27344]; LLNL LDRD [11-ERD-054] FX We thank the following individuals for helpful discussions and other contributions to our understanding of proton imaging: Luis Gargate and Anatoly Spitkovsky of Princeton University; Claudio Bellei, Andy MacKinnon, Prav Patel, Bruce Remington, and Scott Wilks of Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL); Louise Willingale of the University of Michigan; Chikang Li, Mario Manuel, and Alex Zylstra of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology; David Canning, Gennady Fiksel, and Philip Nilson of the Laboratory for Laser Energetics at the University of Rochester; Radu Presura of the University of Nevada, Reno; Mingsheng Wei of General Atomics. We also thank the reviewers for their helpful comments. This work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by the LLNL, under Contract No. DE-AC52-07NA27344. Additional support was provided by LLNL LDRD Grant No. 11-ERD-054. NR 114 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 2 U2 19 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 83 IS 10 AR 101301 DI 10.1063/1.4750234 PN 1 PG 26 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 043QZ UT WOS:000311562500001 PM 23126744 ER PT J AU Mustafaev, AS Demidov, VI Kaganovich, I Adams, SF Koepke, ME Grabovskiy, A AF Mustafaev, A. S. Demidov, V. I. Kaganovich, I. Adams, S. F. Koepke, M. E. Grabovskiy, A. TI Control of current and voltage oscillations in a short dc discharge making use of external auxiliary electrode SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article ID PLASMA AB A dc discharge with a hot cathode is subject to current and voltage plasma oscillations, which have deleterious effects on its operation. The oscillations can be inhibited by installing an auxiliary electrode, placed outside of anode. By collecting a modest current through a small opening in anode, we show that the discharge becomes stable, in a certain pressure range. This method of avoiding current oscillations can be used, for example, for high current stabilizers. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4757111] C1 [Mustafaev, A. S.; Grabovskiy, A.] Univ Mines, Natl Mineral Resources Univ, St Petersburg 199106, Russia. [Demidov, V. I.; Koepke, M. E.] W Virginia Univ, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. [Kaganovich, I.] Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. [Adams, S. F.] USAF, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Mustafaev, AS (reprint author), Univ Mines, Natl Mineral Resources Univ, St Petersburg 199106, Russia. RI Demidov, Vladimir/A-4247-2013; Mustafaev, Alexander/I-1319-2016 OI Demidov, Vladimir/0000-0002-2672-7684; FU DOE OFES [DE-SC0001939]; AFOSR; AF Summer Fellowship program FX The authors are grateful to Maria Demidova for technical assistance. This research was supported by the DOE OFES (Contract No. DE-SC0001939) and the AFOSR. The work of V. I. D. was supported through the AF Summer Fellowship program. NR 21 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 12 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 EI 1089-7623 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 83 IS 10 AR 103502 DI 10.1063/1.4757111 PN 1 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 043QZ UT WOS:000311562500019 PM 23126761 ER PT J AU Edmund, AJ Bergeson, SD Lyon, M Taylor, N Kalinitchenko, I Farnsworth, PB AF Edmund, Alisa J. Bergeson, Scott D. Lyon, Mary Taylor, Nicholas Kalinitchenko, Iouri Farnsworth, Paul B. TI Evaluation of space charge effects in the second vacuum stage of a commercial inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer by planar laser-induced fluorescence imaging SO SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA PART B-ATOMIC SPECTROSCOPY LA English DT Article DE ICP-MS; Matrix effects; Planar laser-induced fluorescence imaging ID SUPPLEMENTAL ELECTRON SOURCE; TIME-RESOLVED MEASUREMENTS; ICP-MS; ION DENSITY; REDUCTION; SKIMMER; BIAS AB The effect of matrix on the formation and focusing of a Ca ion beam in the second vacuum stage of an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer has been evaluated with the use of planar laser induced fluorescence. A cross section of the beam was imaged near the entrance to the mass analyzer of a commercial instrument Characteristics of the beam from a solution containing only the Ca analyte closely matched those predicted by simulation software. The individual addition of three matrix species, Mg, Cs, and Pb, had minor effect on beam shape. Cs and Pb both affected the beam trajectory. The most pronounced effect was with the Pb matrix, which caused an order-of-magnitude drop in the Ca signal intensity at the electron multiplier of the mass spectrometer. The loss in signal was due primarily to a shift in the direction and location of the Ca ion beam that caused it to miss the entrance into the mass analyzer. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Edmund, Alisa J.; Farnsworth, Paul B.] Brigham Young Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Provo, UT 84602 USA. [Bergeson, Scott D.; Lyon, Mary] Brigham Young Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Provo, UT 84602 USA. [Taylor, Nicholas] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99354 USA. [Kalinitchenko, Iouri] Bruker Corp, Fremont, CA 94538 USA. RP Farnsworth, PB (reprint author), Brigham Young Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Provo, UT 84602 USA. EM paul_farnsworth@byu.edu RI Bergeson, Scott/L-8959-2013 OI Bergeson, Scott/0000-0002-3124-9226 FU Chemical Sciences, Geosciences and Biosciences Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Office of Science, U.S. Department of Energy; National Science Foundation [PHY-0969856] FX The authors acknowledge the Chemical Sciences, Geosciences and Biosciences Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Office of Science, U.S. Department of Energy (ICP-MS equipment, Alisa Edmund, and Paul Farnsworth) and the National Science Foundation, grant no. PHY-0969856 (laser equipment, Mary Lyon, and Scott Bergeson), for support of this research. NR 23 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 27 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0584-8547 J9 SPECTROCHIM ACTA B JI Spectroc. Acta Pt. B-Atom. Spectr. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 76 SI SI BP 109 EP 118 DI 10.1016/j.sab.2012.06.028 PG 10 WC Spectroscopy SC Spectroscopy GA 036EG UT WOS:000311008600014 ER PT J AU Ebert, CH Witte, TM Houk, RS AF Ebert, Chris H. Witte, Travis M. Houk, R. S. TI Investigation into the behavior of metal-argon polyatomic ions (MAr+) in the extraction region of inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry SO SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA PART B-ATOMIC SPECTROSCOPY LA English DT Article DE Inductively coupled plasma ICP; ICP mass spectrometry; MAr plus ions; Polyatomic ions ID ICP-MS; DISSOCIATION TEMPERATURE; PROBE MEASUREMENTS; COLLISION CELL; LASER-ABLATION; GAS-DYNAMICS; INTERFERENCES; REDUCTION; INTERFACE; DISTRIBUTIONS AB The abundances of metal-argon polyatomic ions (MAr+) are determined in inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The ratios of MAr+ abundance to that for M+ ions are measured experimentally. These ratios are compared to expected values, calculated for typical plasma conditions using spectroscopic data. For all metals studied (Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, and Zn), the measured ratios are significantly lower than the calculated ratios. Increasing the plasma potential (and thereby increasing the ion kinetic energy) by means of a homemade guard electrode with a wide gap further reduces the MAr+/M+ ratio. Implementing a skimmer cone designed for high transmission of light ions increases the MAr+ abundance. Considering this evidence, the scarcity of MAr+ ions is attributed to collision induced dissociation (CID), likely due to a shock wave at the tip of or in the throat of the skimmer cone. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Ebert, Chris H.; Witte, Travis M.; Houk, R. S.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Chem, Ames Lab, USDA, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Houk, RS (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Chem, Ames Lab, USDA, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM rshouk@iastate.edu FU U.S. Department of Energy-National Nuclear Security Agency [DE-AC02-07CH11358]; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Nuclear Nonproliferation [NA-22] FX Research at the Ames Laboratory was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy-National Nuclear Security Agency under contract number DE-AC02-07CH11358. The XSeries2 instrument was obtained through funding provided by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Nuclear Nonproliferation (NA-22). The authors thank Elemental Scientific, Inc. for providing the APEX desolvator and PFA nebulizer. NR 40 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 18 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0584-8547 J9 SPECTROCHIM ACTA B JI Spectroc. Acta Pt. B-Atom. Spectr. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 76 SI SI BP 119 EP 125 DI 10.1016/j.sab.2012.06.046 PG 7 WC Spectroscopy SC Spectroscopy GA 036EG UT WOS:000311008600015 ER PT J AU Quarles, CD Gonzalez, J Choi, I Ruiz, J Mao, XL Marcus, RK Russo, RE AF Quarles, C. Derrick, Jr. Gonzalez, Jhanis Choi, Inhee Ruiz, Javier Mao, Xianglei Marcus, R. Kenneth Russo, Richard E. TI Liquid sampling-atmospheric pressure glow discharge optical emission spectroscopy detection of laser ablation produced particles: A feasibility study SO SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA PART B-ATOMIC SPECTROSCOPY LA English DT Article DE Laser ablation (LA); Liquid sampling-atmospheric pressure glow discharge (LS-APGD); Microplasma; Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) ID INDUCED BREAKDOWN SPECTROSCOPY; PLASMA-MASS SPECTROMETRY; ICP-MS MEASUREMENTS; IONIZATION SOURCE; PULSE; SINGLE; MATRIX; MEDIA AB The use of a liquid sampling-atmospheric pressure glow discharge (LS-APGD) microplasma source as an alternative to conventional inductively coupled plasma (ICP) detection of laser ablation (LA) produced particles using a Nd:YAG laser at 1064 nm is demonstrated. This configuration utilizes a 180 degrees geometry, which is different from the 40 degrees geometry that was used to ionize ablated particles followed by mass spectrometric detection. The use of a hollow counter electrode (nickel, 0.3 cm o.d., 0.1 cm id.) was implemented to introduce ablated particles directly into the APGD plasma with helium as a carrier gas. The LS-APGD source was optimized using ablated copper as the test sample (helium carrier gas flow rate (0.30 L min(-1) He), discharge current (60 mA), laser power (44 mJ), and solution electrode sheath gas (0.2 L min(-1) He) and solution flow rates (10 mu L min(-1) 5% HNO3)). Standard brass samples having known Zn/Cu percentages were ablated and analyzed using the LS-APGD source. As a comparison, the established technique of laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) was used to analyze the same set of brass standards under similar ablation conditions to the LS-AGPD measurements, yielding comparable results. The Zn/Cu ratio results for the LS-APGD and LIBS measurements showed good similarity to previous measurements using ICP-MS detection. The performance of the LS-APGD-OES microplasma, comparable to well established methods, with lower capital and operational overhead expenses, suggests a great deal of promise as an analytical excitation source. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Quarles, C. Derrick, Jr.; Marcus, R. Kenneth] Clemson Univ, Dept Chem, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. [Gonzalez, Jhanis; Choi, Inhee; Ruiz, Javier; Mao, Xianglei; Russo, Richard E.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Marcus, RK (reprint author), Clemson Univ, Dept Chem, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. EM marcusr@clemson.edu RI Ruiz, Javier/L-7797-2014 OI Ruiz, Javier/0000-0002-5523-3675 FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; Spanish Ministry of Education FX This work was supported by the Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences Division, and the Deputy Administrator for Defense Nuclear Nonproliferation, Assistant Deputy Administrator for Nonproliferation Research and Development of the U.S. Department of Energy under contract no. DE-AC02-05CH11231.; Dr. Javier Ruiz would like to acknowledge the Spanish Ministry of Education (Programa Nacional de Movilidad de Recursos Humanos del Plan Nacional de I-D + I 2008-2011) for the support provided during his stay at LBNL. NR 29 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 5 U2 54 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0584-8547 J9 SPECTROCHIM ACTA B JI Spectroc. Acta Pt. B-Atom. Spectr. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 76 SI SI BP 190 EP 196 DI 10.1016/j.sab.2012.06.048 PG 7 WC Spectroscopy SC Spectroscopy GA 036EG UT WOS:000311008600025 ER PT J AU Arthur, TS Glans, PA Matsui, M Zhang, RG Ma, BW Guo, JH AF Arthur, Timothy S. Glans, Per-Anders Matsui, Masaki Zhang, Ruigang Ma, Biwu Guo, Jinghua TI Mg deposition observed by in situ electrochemical Mg K-edge X-ray absorption spectroscopy SO ELECTROCHEMISTRY COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article DE In situ electrochemical/XAS; Magnesium batteries; Interface analysis; Electrodeposition ID ELECTROLYTE-SOLUTIONS; MAGNESIUM DEPOSITION; STRUCTURAL-ANALYSIS; BATTERIES AB The electrochemical deposition of magnesium from [Mg-2(mu-Cl)(3)center dot 6(OC4H8)](+) has been monitored in situ with X-ray absorption spectroscopy. The viability of the cell design was confirmed by a reversible shift in the X-ray absorption near-edge spectroscopy (XANES) of the Mg K-edge. In situ electrochemical XANES revealed the presence of an interfacial Mg intermediate below the equilibrium Mg/Mg2+ potential. A new method has been established to directly observe the complex electrochemical reduction process from Mg electrolytes. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Arthur, Timothy S.; Matsui, Masaki; Zhang, Ruigang] Toyota Res Inst N Amer, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA. [Glans, Per-Anders; Guo, Jinghua] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Adv Light Source, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Ma, Biwu] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Mol Foundry, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Arthur, TS (reprint author), Toyota Res Inst N Amer, 1555 Woodridge Ave, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA. EM tim.arthur@tema.toyota.com; paglans@lbl.gov; masaki.matsui@tema.toyota.com; ruigang.zhang@tema.toyota.com; BWMa@lbl.gov; jguo@lbl.gov RI Matsui, Masaki/O-6645-2015; Foundry, Molecular/G-9968-2014; Glans, Per-Anders/G-8674-2016; Totsukawa, Nobuhisa/D-2028-2017 OI Matsui, Masaki/0000-0003-1499-7457; FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX The work at ALS and The Molecular Foundary is supported by the U.S. Department of Energy under the contract no. DE-AC02-05CH11231. NR 19 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 4 U2 92 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1388-2481 J9 ELECTROCHEM COMMUN JI Electrochem. Commun. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 24 BP 43 EP 46 DI 10.1016/j.elecom.2012.08.018 PG 4 WC Electrochemistry SC Electrochemistry GA 035JQ UT WOS:000310943100012 ER PT J AU Wu, QL Lu, WQ Miranda, M Honaker-Schroeder, TK Lakhsassi, KY Dees, D AF Wu, Qingliu Lu, Wenquan Miranda, Miguel Honaker-Schroeder, Thomas K. Lakhsassi, Khadija Yassin Dees, Dennis TI Effects of lithium difluoro(oxalate)borate on the performance of Li-rich composite cathode in Li-ion battery SO ELECTROCHEMISTRY COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article DE LiDFOB; Capacity retention; Lithium ion battery ID ELECTROCHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION; ELECTRODES; LIBOB AB Promising capacity retention (more than 92% of initial capacity after 100 cycles), was exhibited in cells (graphite/xLi(2)MnO(3)center dot yLiMO(2)) with 2 wt.% LiDFOB as additive. The outstanding cell performance was associated with the formation of stable solid electrolyte interface (SEI) film on the surface of electrodes derived from LiDFOB. Compared to the effect of the LiBOB additive, the main reason responsible for the greatly improved durability in LiDFOB added cells might be attributed to the more stable SEI film with lower interfacial resistance on the surface of anode. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Wu, Qingliu; Lu, Wenquan; Miranda, Miguel; Honaker-Schroeder, Thomas K.; Lakhsassi, Khadija Yassin; Dees, Dennis] Argonne Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Engn Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Lu, WQ (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Engn Div, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM luw@anl.gov RI wu, qingliu /C-7631-2012 FU U.S. Department of Energy's Office of Vehicle Technologies Program by UChicago Argonne, LLC [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX Support from David Howell and Peter Faguy of the U.S. Department of Energy's Office of Vehicle Technologies Program is gratefully acknowledged. The authors also thank Dr. Dengyun Zhai for valuable assistance on SEM. The electron microscopy was accomplished at the Electron Microscopy Center for Materials Research at Argonne National Laboratory, a U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science Laboratory operated under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357 by UChicago Argonne, LLC. NR 17 TC 27 Z9 30 U1 4 U2 102 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1388-2481 J9 ELECTROCHEM COMMUN JI Electrochem. Commun. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 24 BP 78 EP 81 DI 10.1016/j.elecom.2012.08.016 PG 4 WC Electrochemistry SC Electrochemistry GA 035JQ UT WOS:000310943100021 ER PT J AU Vasudevan, KV Scott, BL Hanson, SK AF Vasudevan, Kalyan V. Scott, Brian L. Hanson, Susan K. TI Alkene Hydrogenation Catalyzed by Nickel Hydride Complexes of an Aliphatic PNP Pincer Ligand SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF INORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Homogeneous catalysis; Nickel; Hydride ligands; Hydrogenation; Earth-abundant metals; Metal-ligand cooperativity ID ASYMMETRIC TRANSFER HYDROGENATION; NONACTIVATED ALKYL-HALIDES; POLYMERIZATION CATALYSTS; RUTHENIUM COMPLEXES; GRIGNARD-REAGENTS; NI; REACTIVITY; KETONES; AMIDO; MECHANISM AB To investigate metalligand cooperativity as a strategy for promoting nickel-catalyzed alkene hydrogenation, cationic and neutral nickel(II) hydride complexes of the aliphatic pincer ligand PNHPCy {PNHPCy = HN[CH2CH2P(Cy)2]2} have been synthesized and characterized. Cationic hydride complex [(PNHPCy)Ni(H)]BPh4 (2) catalyzed the hydrogenation of styrene and 1-octene under mild conditions. Only low conversion was observed in the hydrogenation of 3,5-dimethoxybenzaldehyde using 2. The neutral hydride complex (PNPCy)Ni(H) (3) was also found to be an alkene hydrogenation catalyst. Mechanistic experiments suggest that for catalyst 2, the hydrogenation reaction proceeds through a pathway involving initial insertion of the alkene into the NiH bond. Contrary to the initial hypothesis, reactivity comparisons with the methyl-substituted hydride complex [(PNMePCy)Ni(H)]BPh4 {PNMePCy = (CH3)N[CH2CH2P(Cy)2]2} suggest that metalligand cooperativity is not involved in these rare examples of mild and homogeneous nickel hydrogenation catalysis. C1 [Vasudevan, Kalyan V.; Scott, Brian L.; Hanson, Susan K.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Chem, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Vasudevan, Kalyan V.; Scott, Brian L.; Hanson, Susan K.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Mat Phys Applicat Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Hanson, SK (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Chem, MS J582, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM skhanson@lanl.gov RI Scott, Brian/D-8995-2017 OI Scott, Brian/0000-0003-0468-5396 FU Los Alamos National Laboratory LDRD [20110537ER] FX This work was supported by Los Alamos National Laboratory LDRD Early Career Award (20110537ER). NR 67 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 3 U2 115 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA BOSCHSTRASSE 12, D-69469 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 1434-1948 EI 1099-0682 J9 EUR J INORG CHEM JI Eur. J. Inorg. Chem. 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The total cross-section is determined to be sigma(tot)(WZ) = 19.0(-1.3)(+1.4)(stat.) +/- 0.9(syst.) +/- 0.4(lumi.) pb, consistent with the Standard Model expectation of 17.6(-1.0)(+1.1) pb. Limits on anomalous triple gauge boson couplings are derived using the transverse momentum spectrum of Z bosons in the selected events. The cross-section is also presented as a function of Z boson transverse momentum and diboson invariant mass. C1 [Aad, G.; Ahles, F.; Barber, T.; Bernhard, R.; Boehler, M.; Bruneliere, R.; Christov, A.; Consorti, V.; Fehling-Kaschek, M.; Flechl, M.; Glatzer, J.; Hartert, J.; Herten, G.; Horner, S.; Jakobs, K.; Janus, M.; Kollefrath, M.; Kononov, A. I.; Kuehn, S.; Lai, S.; Landgraf, U.; Lohwasser, K.; Ludwig, I.; Ludwig, J.; Lumb, D.; Mahboubi, K.; Mohr, W.; Nilsen, H.; Parzefall, U.; Rammensee, M.; Rave, T. C.; Rurikova, Z.; Schmidt, E.; Schumacher, M.; Siegert, F.; Stoerig, K.; Sundermann, J. E.; Temming, K. 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M.; Beringer, J.; Biesiada, J.; Calafiura, P.; Caminada, L. M.; Ciocio, A.; Clarke, R. N.; Cooke, M.; Copic, K.; Dube, S.; Einsweiler, K.; Gaponenko, A.; Garcia-Sciveres, M.; Haber, C.; Hance, M.; Heinemann, B.; Hinchliffe, I.; Hsu, S. -C.; Hurwitz, M.; Lavrijsen, W.; Leggett, C.; Loscutoff, P.; Madaras, R. J.; Ovcharova, A.; Griso, S. Pagan; Pranko, A.; Quarrie, D. R.; Ruwiedel, C.; Shapiro, M.; Skinnari, L. A.; Tatarkhanov, M.; Tibbetts, M. J.; Tsulaia, V.; Vahsen, S.; Varouchas, D.; Virzi, J.; Yao, Y.; Zenz, S.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Aliev, M.; Giorgi, F. M.; Grancagnolo, S.; Herrberg, R.; Hod, N.; Hristova, I.; Kind, O.; Kolanoski, H.; Kwee, R.; Lacker, H.; Leyton, M.; Lohse, T.; Mandrysch, R.; Nikiforov, A.; Schulz, H.; Nedden, M. Zur] Humboldt Univ, Dept Phys, Berlin, Germany. [Agustoni, M.; Ancu, L. S.; Antonelli, M.; Battaglia, A.; Beck, H. P.; Borer, C.; Ereditato, A.; Martin, T. Fonseca; Gallo, V.; Haug, S.; Kabana, S.; Kruker, T.; Marti, L. F.; Pretzl, K.; Schneider, B.; Topfel, C.; Weber, M. S.; Wu, S. L.] Univ Bern, Albert Einstein Ctr Fundamental Phys, Bern, Switzerland. [Agustoni, M.; Ancu, L. S.; Antonelli, M.; Battaglia, A.; Beck, H. P.; Borer, C.; Ereditato, A.; Martin, T. Fonseca; Gallo, V.; Haug, S.; Kabana, S.; Kruker, T.; Marti, L. F.; Pretzl, K.; Schneider, B.; Topfel, C.; Weber, M. S.; Wu, S. L.] Univ Bern, High Energy Phys Lab, Bern, Switzerland. [Allbrooke, B. M. M.; Bansil, H. S.; Bracinik, J.; Charlton, D. G.; Chisholm, A. S.; Collins, N. J.; Curtis, C. J.; Hadley, D. R.; Hawkes, C. M.; Head, S. J.; Hillier, S. J.; Mahout, G.; Martin, T. A.; Mclaughlan, T.; Newman, P. R.; Nikolopoulos, K.; O'Neale, S. W.; Palmer, J. D.; Slater, M.; Thomas, J. P.; Thompson, P. D.; Watkins, P. M.; Watson, A. T.; Watson, M. F.; Wilson, J. A.] Univ Birmingham, Sch Phys & Astron, Birmingham, W Midlands, England. [Akdogan, T.; Arika, E.; Arika, M.; Istina, S.; Ozcana, V. E.; Radora, T.] Bogazici Univ, Dept Phys, Istanbul, Turkey. [Cetinb, S. A.] Dogus Univ, Div Phys, Istanbul, Turkey. [Beddallc, A. J.; Beddallc, A.; Harpazc, S. Behar; Bingulc, A.] Gaziantep Univ, Dept Engn Phys, Gaziantep, Turkey. Istanbul Tech Univ, Dept Phys, TR-80626 Istanbul, Turkey. [Bellagambaaa, L.; Bertina, A.; Bindia, M.; Boscherinia, D.; Bruni, A.; Bruni, G.; Bruschi, M.; Caforioa, D.; Ciocca, C.; Corradia, M.; De Castroa, S.; Di Sipioa, R.; Fabbriab, L.; Franchinia, M.; Giacobbea, B.; Giustia, P.; Grafstroma, P.; Jhaa, M. K.; Massaa, I.; Monzania, S.; Negrinia, M.; Piccininia, M.; Polinia, A.; Rinaldia, L.; Romanoa, M.; Sbarraa, C.; Sbrizzia, A.; Semprini-Cesaria, N.; Spighia, R.; Valentinettia, S.; Villaa, M.; Zaytsev, A.; Zoccolia, A.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bologna, I-40126 Bologna, Italy. [Bertina, A.; Bindia, M.; Caforioa, D.; Ciocca, C.; De Castroa, S.; Di Sipioa, R.; Fabbriab, L.; Franchinia, M.; Grafstroma, P.; Massaa, I.; Monzania, S.; Piccininia, M.; Romanoa, M.; Sbrizzia, A.; Semprini-Cesaria, N.; Valentinettia, S.; Villaa, M.; Zoccolia, A.] Univ Bologna, Dipartimento Fis, Bologna, Italy. [Abajyan, T.; Arutinov, D.; Backhaus, M.; Barbero, M.; Bechtle, P.; Brock, I.; Cristinziani, M.; Davey, W.; Desch, K.; Dingfelder, J.; Gaycken, G.; Geich-Gimbel, Ch.; Gonella, L.; Haefner, P.; Havranek, M.; Hellmich, D.; Hillert, S.; Huegging, F.; Ince, T.; Karagounis, M.; Khoriauli, G.; Koevesarki, P.; Kostyukhin, V. V.; Kraus, J. K.; Kroseberg, J.; Krueger, H.; Lapoire, C.; Lehmacher, M.; Leyko, A. M.; Limbach, C.; Loddenkoetter, T.; Mazur, M.; Moeser, N.; Mueller, K.; Nanava, G.; Nattermann, T.; Nuncio-Quiroz, A. -E.; Pohl, D.; Psoroulas, S.; Schaepe, S.; Schmieden, K.; Schmitz, M.; Schultens, M. J.; Schwindt, T.; Stillings, J. A.; Therhaag, J.; Tsung, J. -W.; Uchida, K.; Uhlenbrock, M.; Vogel, A.; Von Toerne, E.; Wang, T.; Wermes, N.; Wienemann, P.; Zendler, C.; Zimmermann, R.; Zimmermann, S.] Univ Bonn, Inst Phys, Bonn, Germany. [Ahlen, S. P.; Black, K. M.; Butler, J. M.; Dell'Asta, L.; Helary, L.; Shank, J. T.; Yan, Z.; Youssef, S.] Boston Univ, Dept Phys, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Aefsky, S.; Aloisio, A.; Amelung, C.; Bensinger, J. R.; Bertina, A.; Blocker, C.; Coccaro, A.; Daya-Ishmukhametova, R. K.; Gemmell, A.; Gozpinar, S.; Pomeroy, D.; Sciolla, G.; Wellenstein, H.; Zaytsev, A.] Brandeis Univ, Dept Phys, Waltham, MA 02254 USA. [Calobaa, L. P.; Maidantchika, C.; Marroquima, F.; Nepomucenoa, A. A.; Perantonia, M.; Seixasa, J. M.] Univ Fed Rio De Janeiro COPPE EE IF, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. [Cerqueirab, A. S.; Manhaes de Andrade Filho, L.] Fed Univ Juiz de Fora UFJF, Juiz De Fora, Brazil. [Do Valec, M. A. B.] Fed Univ Sao Joao del Rei UFSJ, Sao Joao Del Rei, Brazil. [Donadellid; Leited, M. A. L.] Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Fis, BR-01498 Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Adams, D. L.; Assamagan, K.; Baker, M. D.; Begel, M.; Bernius, C.; Chen, H.; Chernyatin, V.; Debbe, R.; Dhullipudi, R.; Ernst, M.; Gadfort, T.; Gibbard, B.; Gordon, H. A.; Greenwood, Z. D.; Klimentov, A.; Lanni, F.; Lissauer, D.; Lynn, D.; Ma, H.; Maeno, T.; Majewski, S.; Mercurio, K. M.; Nevski, P.; Okawa, H.; Damazio, D. Oliveira; Paige, F.; Panitkin, S.; Park, W.; Pleier, M. -A.; Poblaguev, A.; Polychronakos, V.; Pravahan, R.; Protopopescu, S.; Purohit, M.; Radeka, V.; Rahm, D.; Rajagopalan, S.; Redlinger, G.; Sawyer, L.; Sircar, A.; Snyder, S.; Steinberg, P.; Stumer, I.; Takai, H.; Tamsett, M. C.; Triplett, N.; Undrus, A.; Wenaus, T.; Ye, S.; Yu, D.; Zaytsev, A.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Alexa, C.; Badescua, E.; Boldeaa, V.; Budaa, S. I.; Caprinia, I.; Caprinia, M.; Chitan, A.; Ciubancan, M.; Constantinescua, S.; Cuciuca, C. -M.; Dinuta, F.; Ditaa, P.; Ditaa, S.; Meyera, C.; Olariua, A.; Panteaa, D.; Popeneciua, G. A.; Rotarua, M.; Stoiceaa, G.; Tudorachea, A.; Tudorachea, V.] Natl Inst Phys & Nucl Engn, Bucharest, Romania. [Darleab, G. L.] Univ Politehn Bucuresti, Bucharest, Romania. W Univ Timisoara, Timisoara, Romania. [Silva, M. L. Gonzalez; Garzon, G. Otero Y.; Piegaia, R.; Romeo, G.] Univ Buenos Aires, Dept Fis, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. [Ask, S.; Barlow, N.; Batley, J. R.; Brochu, F. M.; Buttinger, W.; Carter, J. R.; Chapman, J. D.; Cowden, C.; French, S. T.; Frost, J. A.; Hill, J. C.; Kaneti, S.; Khoo, T. J.; Lester, C. G.; Moeller, V.; Parker, M. A.; Robinson, D.; Sandoval, T.; Thomson, M.; Ward, C. P.] Univ Cambridge, Cavendish Lab, Cambridge CB3 0HE, England. [Gillberg, D.; Koffas, T.; Liu, C.; Marchand, J. F.; McCarthy, T. G.; Oakham, F. G.; Randrianarivony, K.; Tarrade, F.; Ueno, R.; Vincter, M. G.; Whalen, K.] Carleton Univ, Dept Phys, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada. [Anderson, K. J.; Boveia, A.; Canelli, F.; Choudalakis, G.; Fiascaris, M.; Gardner, R. W.; Plante, I. Jen-La; Kapliy, A.; Melachrinos, C.; Mengarelli, A.; Meroni, C.; Micu, L.; Okumura, Y.; Onyisi, P. U. E.; Oreglia, M. J.; Penning, B.; Pilcher, J. E.; Shochet, M. J.; Tompkins, L.; Tuggle, J. M.; Vukotic, I.] Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Diaza, M. A.; Pinoa, S. A. Olivares; Quinoneza, F.] Pontificia Univ Catolica Chile, Dept Fis, Santiago, Chile. [Brooksb, W. K.; Carquinb, E.; Kuleshovb, S.; Pezoab, R.; Prokoshin, F.] Univ Tecn Federico Santa Maria, Dept Fis, Valparaiso, Chile. [Baia, Y.; Jina, S.; Lua, F.; Ouyanga, Q.; Ruana, X.; Shana, L. Y.; Yaoa, L.] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst High Energy Phys, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Hanb, L.; Jiangb, Y.; Lib, S.; Liub, M.; Liub, Y.; Pengb, H.; Wangb, H.; Wub, Y.; Xub, C.; Zhangb, D.; Zhaob, Z.; Zhub, Y.] Univ Sci & Technol China, Dept Modern Phys, Hefei, Anhui, Peoples R China. [Chen, S.] Nanjing Univ, Dept Phys, Nanjing, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Fengd, C.; Ged, P.; Hed, M.; Meted, A. S.; Zhand, Z.; Zhangd, X.; Zhud, C. G.] Shandong Univ, Sch Phys, Jinan, Shandong, Peoples R China. [Boumediene, D.; Busato, E.; Calvet, D.; Calvet, S.; Toro, R. Camacho; Cinca, D.; Donini, J.; Febbraro, R.; Ghodbane, N.; Gris, Ph.; Guicheney, C.; Liao, H.; Pallin, D.; Hernandez, D. Paredes; Podlyski, F.; Santoni, C.; Vazeille, F.] Clermont Univ, Lab Phys Corpusculaire, Clermont Ferrand, France. [Boumediene, D.; Busato, E.; Calvet, D.; Calvet, S.; Toro, R. Camacho; Cinca, D.; Donini, J.; Febbraro, R.; Ghodbane, N.; Gris, Ph.; Guicheney, C.; Liao, H.; Pallin, D.; Hernandez, D. Paredes; Podlyski, F.; Santoni, C.; Vazeille, F.] Univ Blaise Pascal, Clermont Ferrand, France. [Boumediene, D.; Busato, E.; Calvet, D.; Calvet, S.; Toro, R. Camacho; Cinca, D.; Donini, J.; Febbraro, R.; Ghodbane, N.; Gris, Ph.; Guicheney, C.; Liao, H.; Pallin, D.; Hernandez, D. Paredes; Podlyski, F.; Santoni, C.; Vazeille, F.] CNRS IN2P3, Clermont Ferrand, France. [Nagasaka, Y.] Columbia Univ, Nevis Lab, Irvington, NY USA. [Boelaert, N.; Dam, M.; Gregersen, K.; Hansen, J. R.; Hansen, J. B.; Hansen, J. D.; Hansen, P. H.; Heisterkamp, S.; Jakobsen, S.; Loevschall-Jensen, A. E.; Jez, P.; Joergensen, M. D.; Kadlecik, P.; Klinkby, E. B.; Lundquist, J.; Mackeprang, R.; Mehlhase, S.; Petersen, T. C.; Simonyan, M.; Thomsen, L. A.; Xella, S.] Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, Copenhagen, Denmark. [Capuaa, M.; Crosettia, G.; Fazioa, S.; La Rotondaa, L.; Lavorinia, V.; Mastroberardinoa, A.; Policicchioa, A.; Salvatorea, D.; Schioppa, M.; Susinnoa, G.; Tassia, E.] INFN Grp Collegato Cosenza, Cosenza, Italy. [Capuaa, M.; Crosettia, G.; Fazioa, S.; La Rotondaa, L.; Lavorinia, V.; Mastroberardinoa, A.; Policicchioa, A.; Salvatorea, D.; Schioppa, M.; Susinnoa, G.; Tassia, E.] Univ Calabria, Dipartimento Fis, Arcavacata Di Rende, Italy. [Adamczyk, L.; Bold, T.; Dabrowski, W.; Dwuznik, M.; Grabowska-Bold, I.; Kisielewska, D.; Koperny, S.; Kowalski, T. Z.; Milov, A.; Mindur, B.; Przybycien, M.] AGH Univ Sci & Technol, Fac Phys & Appl Comp Sci, Krakow, Poland. [Banas, E.; Blocki, J.; de Renstrom, P. A. Bruckman; Derendarz, D.; Gornicki, E.; Hajduk, Z.; Iwanski, W.; Kaczmarska, A.; Korcyl, K.; Malecki, Pa.; Malecki, P.; Olszewski, A.; Olszowska, J.; Stanecka, E.; Staszewski, R.; Trzebinski, M.; Trzupek, A.; Turala, M.; Wolter, M. W.; Wosiek, B. K.; Wozniak, K. W.; Zabinski, B.; Zemla, A.] Polish Acad Sci, Henryk Niewodniczanski Inst Nucl Phys, Krakow, Poland. [Yagci, K. Dindar; Firan, A.; Hadavand, H. K.; Hoffman, J.; Ishmukhametov, R.; Joffe, D.; Kama, S.; Kehoe, R.; Randle-Conde, A. S.; Rios, R. R.; Sekula, S. J.; Stroynowski, R.; Ye, J.] So Methodist Univ, Dept Phys, Dallas, TX 75275 USA. [Ahsan, M.; Izen, J. M.; Lou, X.; Reeves, K.; Wong, W. C.] Univ Texas Dallas, Dept Phys, Richardson, TX 75230 USA. [Kuutmann, E. Bergeaas; Dassoulas, J. A.; Dietrich, J.; Ehrenfeld, W.; Ferrara, V.; Fischer, G.; Friedrich, C.; Glazov, A.; Goebel, M.; Fajardo, L. S. Gomez; Da Costa, J. Goncalves Pinto Firmino; Gosdzik, B.; Grahn, K-J.; Gregor, I. M.; Hiller, K. H.; Huettmann, A.; Husemann, U.; Belenguer, M. Jimenez; Johnert, S.; Karnevskiy, M.; Katzy, J.; Kono, T.; Kuhl, T.; Lange, C.; Lobodzinska, E.; Ludwig, D.; Medinnis, M.; Moenig, K.; Naumann, T.; Cavalcanti, T. Perez; Petschull, D.; Piec, S. M.; Radescu, V.; Rubinskiy, I.; Schwindling, J.; Sedov, G.; Stanescu-Bellu, M.; Starovoitov, P.; Styles, N. A.; Tackmann, K.; Vankov, P.; Viti, M.; Wasicki, C.; Wildt, M. A.; Zhu, H.] DESY, D-2000 Hamburg, Germany. [Kuutmann, E. Bergeaas; Dassoulas, J. A.; Dietrich, J.; Ehrenfeld, W.; Ferrara, V.; Fischer, G.; Friedrich, C.; Glazov, A.; Goebel, M.; Fajardo, L. S. Gomez; Da Costa, J. Goncalves Pinto Firmino; Gosdzik, B.; Grahn, K-J.; Gregor, I. M.; Hiller, K. H.; Huettmann, A.; Husemann, U.; Belenguer, M. Jimenez; Johnert, S.; Karnevskiy, M.; Katzy, J.; Kono, T.; Kuhl, T.; Lange, C.; Lobodzinska, E.; Ludwig, D.; Medinnis, M.; Moenig, K.; Naumann, T.; Cavalcanti, T. Perez; Petschull, D.; Piec, S. M.; Radescu, V.; Rubinskiy, I.; Schwindling, J.; Sedov, G.; Stanescu-Bellu, M.; Starovoitov, P.; Styles, N. A.; Tackmann, K.; Vankov, P.; Viti, M.; Wasicki, C.; Wildt, M. A.; Zhu, H.] DESY, Zeuthen, Germany. [Bunse, M.; Esch, H.; Goessling, C.; Hirsch, F.; Jung, C. A.; Klingenberg, R.; Malone, C.; Reisinger, I.] Tech Univ Dortmund, Inst Expt Phys 4, Dortmund, Germany. [Anger, P.; Czodrowski, P.; Friedrich, F.; Goepfert, T.; Kobel, M.; Leonhardt, K.; Ludwig, A.; Mader, W. F.; Morgenstern, M.; Prudent, X.; Rudolph, C.; Schnoor, U.; Schwierz, R.; Seifert, F.; Steinbach, P.; Straessner, A.; Vest, A.; Wahrmund, S.] Tech Univ Dresden, Inst Kern & Teilchenphys, D-01062 Dresden, Germany. [Arce, A. T. H.; Benjamin, D. P.; Bocci, A.; Ebenstein, W. L.; Fowler, A. J.; Ko, B. R.; Kotwal, A.; Oh, S. H.; Wang, C.; Yamaoka, J.] Duke Univ, Dept Phys, Durham, NC 27706 USA. [Bhimji, W.; Buckley, A. G.; Clark, P. J.; Debenedetti, C.; Harrington, R. D.; Martin, V. J.; O'Brien, B. J.; Selbach, K. E.; Smart, B. H.; Washbrook, A.; Wynne, B. M.; Zaytsev, A.] Univ Edinburgh, SUPA Sch Phys & Astron, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland. [Annovi, A.; Bilokon, H.; Cerutti, F.; Curatolo, M.; Di Nardo, R.; Esposito, B.; Gatti, C.; Laurelli, P.; Maccarrone, G.; Sansoni, A.; Testa, M.; Vilucchi, E.; Volpi, G.] INFN Lab Nazl Frascati, Frascati, Italy. [Abdelalim, A. A.; Alexandre, G.; Backes, M.; Barone, G.; Bell, P. J.; Bell, W. H.; Noccioli, E. Benhar; Blondel, A.; Bucci, F.; Clark, A.; Dao, V.; Doglioni, C.; Ferrere, D.; Gadomski, S.; Gonzalez-Sevilla, S.; Goulette, M. P.; Iacobucci, G.; La Rosa, A.; Lister, A.; Latour, B. Martin Dit; Herrera, C. Mora; Nektarijevic, S.; Nikolics, K.; Pasztor, G.; Picazio, A.; Pohl, M.; Rosbach, K.; Rosselet, L.; Wu, X.] Univ Geneva, Sect Phys, Geneva, Switzerland. [Barberisa, D.; Beccherlea, R.; Casoa, C.; Dameria, M.; Darboa, G.; Parodia, A. Ferretto; Gagliardia, G.; Gemmea, C.; Morettini, P.; Osculatia, B.; Parodia, F.; Passaggioa, S.; Rossia, L. P.; Schiavia, C.] INFN Sez Genova, Genoa, Italy. [Barberisa, D.; Casoa, C.; Dameria, M.; Parodia, A. Ferretto; Gagliardia, G.; Osculatia, B.; Parodia, F.; Schiavia, C.] Univ Genoa, Dipartimento Fis, Genoa, Italy. [Chikovani, L.; Tskhadadzea, E. G.] Tbilisi State Univ, E Andronikashvili Inst Phys, GE-380086 Tbilisi, Rep of Georgia. [Khubuab, J.; Mchedlidzeb, G.; Mosidze, M.] Tbilisi State Univ, Inst High Energy Phys, Tbilisi, Rep of Georgia. [Dueren, M.; Stenzel, H.] Univ Giessen, Inst Phys 2, D-6300 Giessen, Germany. [Allwood-Spiers, S. E.; Bates, R. L.; Britton, D.; Bussey, P.; Buttar, C. M.; Collins-Tooth, C.; D'Auria, S.; Doherty, T.; Doyle, A. T.; Edwards, N. C.; Ferrag, S.; Ferrando, J.; de Lima, D. E. Ferreira; Gemmell, A.; Gul, U.; Kar, D.; Kenyon, M.; Moraes, A.; O'Shea, V.; Barrera, C. Oropeza; Robson, A.; Saxon, D. H.; Smith, K. M.; St Denis, R. D.; Steele, G.; Thompson, A. S.; Wraight, K.; Wright, M.] Univ Glasgow, SUPA Sch Phys & Astron, Glasgow, Lanark, Scotland. [Bierwagen, K.; Blumenschein, U.; Brandt, O.; Erdmann, J.; Evangelakou, D.; George, M.; Grosse-Knetter, J.; Guindon, S.; Haller, J.; Hamer, M.; Henrichs, A.; Hensel, C.; Keil, M.; Knue, A.; Kohn, F.; Krieger, N.; Kroeninger, K.; Lemmer, B.; Magradze, E.; Mann, A.; Messina, A.; Morel, J.; Pashapour, S.; Quadt, A.; Roe, A.; Schorlemmer, A. L. S.; Serkin, L.; Shabalina, E.; Uhrmacher, M.; Schroeder, T. Vazquez; Weber, P.; Weingarten, J.] Univ Gottingen, Inst Phys 2, Gottingen, Germany. [Albrand, S.; Andrieux, M-L.; Buat, Q.; Clement, B.; Collot, J.; Crepe-Renaudin, S.; Dechenaux, B.; Delemontex, T.; Delsart, P. A.; Genest, M. H.; Hostachy, J-Y.; Laisne, E.; Ledroit-Guillon, F.; Lleres, A.; Lucotte, A.; Malek, F.; Stark, J.; Sun, X.; Trocme, B.; Wang, J.; Weydert, C.] Univ Grenoble 1, Lab Phys Subatom & Cosmol, Grenoble, France. [Albrand, S.; Andrieux, M-L.; Buat, Q.; Clement, B.; Collot, J.; Crepe-Renaudin, S.; Dechenaux, B.; Delemontex, T.; Delsart, P. A.; Genest, M. H.; Hostachy, J-Y.; Laisne, E.; Ledroit-Guillon, F.; Lleres, A.; Lucotte, A.; Malek, F.; Stark, J.; Sun, X.; Trocme, B.; Wang, J.; Weydert, C.] Inst Natl Polytech Grenoble, F-38031 Grenoble, France. [Albrand, S.; Andrieux, M-L.; Buat, Q.; Clement, B.; Collot, J.; Crepe-Renaudin, S.; Dechenaux, B.; Delemontex, T.; Delsart, P. A.; Genest, M. H.; Hostachy, J-Y.; Laisne, E.; Ledroit-Guillon, F.; Lleres, A.; Lucotte, A.; Malek, F.; Stark, J.; Sun, X.; Trocme, B.; Wang, J.; Weydert, C.] CNRS IN2P3, Grenoble, France. [Addy, T. N.; Harvey, A.; McFarlane, K. W.; Shin, T.; Vassilakopoulos, V. I.] Hampton Univ, Dept Phys, Hampton, VA 23668 USA. [Guimaraes Da Costa, J. Barreiro; Belloni, A.; Brandenburg, G. W.; Catastini, P.; Conti, G.; Huth, J.; Jeanty, L.; Kagan, M.; Mateos, D. Lopez; Outschoorn, V. Martinez; Mijovic, L.; Morii, M.; Skottowe, H. P.; Smith, B. C.; Della Porta, G. Zevi] Harvard Univ, Lab Particle Phys & Cosmol, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Andersa, G.; Andreia, V.; Davygoraa, Y.; Dietzscha, T. A.; Gewenigera, C.; Hankea, P.; Henkea, M.; Khomicha, A.; Klugea, E. -E.; Langa, V. S.; Lendermanna, V.; Lepolda, F.; Meieraa, K.; Mueller, F.; Poddara, S.; Scharfa, V.; Stamena, R.; Wesselsa, M.] Heidelberg Univ, Kirchhoff Inst Phys, Heidelberg, Germany. [Andersb, C. F.; Kasieczkab, G.; Narayanb, R.; Schaetzelb, S.; Schmittb, S.; Schoeningb, A.] Heidelberg Univ, Inst Phys, D-6900 Heidelberg, Germany. [Kugelc, A.; Maennerc, R.; Schroerc, N.] Heidelberg Univ, ZITI Inst Tech Informat, D-6800 Mannheim, Germany. [Nagasaka, Y.] Hiroshima Inst Technol, Fac Appl Informat Sci, Hiroshima, Japan. [Brunet, S.; Cwetanski, P.; Evans, H.; Gagnon, P.; Jain, V.; Luehring, F.; Ogren, H.; Penwell, J.; Poveda, J.; Price, D.; Whittington, D.; Yang, Y.; Zieminska, D.] Indiana Univ, Dept Phys, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. [Epp, B.; Jussel, P.; Kneringer, E.; Kuhn, D.; Lukas, W.; Rudolph, G.] Leopold Franzens Univ, Inst Astro & Teilchenphys, Innsbruck, Austria. [Behera, P. K.; Limper, M.; Mallik, U.; Pylypchenko, Y.; Zaidan, R.] Univ Iowa, Iowa City, IA USA. [Chen, C.; Cochran, J.; De Lorenzi, F.; Dudziak, F.; Krumnack, N.; Prell, S.; Rosenberg, E. I.; Ruiz-Martinez, A.; Shrestha, S.; Yamamoto, K.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA USA. [Aleksandrov, I. N.; Bardin, D. Y.; Bednyakov, V. A.; Boyko, I. R.; Budagov, I. A.; Chelkov, G. A.; Cheplakov, A.; Chizhov, M. V.; Dedovich, D. V.; Demichev, M.; Glonti, G. L.; Gostkin, M. I.; Grigalashvili, N.; Huseynov, N.; Kalinovskaya, L. V.; Kazarinov, M. Y.; Kekelidze, G. D.; Kharchenko, D.; Khramov, E.; Kolesnikov, V.; Kotov, V. M.; Kruchonak, U.; Krumshteyn, V.; Kukhtin, V.; Ladygin, E.; Mills, W. J.; Milstead, D. A.; Mineev, M.; Olchevski, A. G.; Peshekhonov, V. D.; Plotnikova, E.; Pozdnyakov, V.; Rumyantsev, L.; Rusakovich, N. A.; Sadykov, R.; Shiyakova, M.; Sisakyan, A. N.; Topilin, N. D.; Vinogradov, V. B.; Zhemchugov, A.; Zimin, N. I.] JINR Dubna, Dubna, Russia. [Amako, K.; Arai, Y.; Doi, Y.; Haruyama, T.; Ikegami, Y.; Ikeno, M.; Iwasaki, H.; Kanzaki, J.; Kohriki, T.; Kondo, T.; Makida, Y.; Manabe, A.; Mitsui, S.; Nagano, K.; Nozaki, M.; Odaka, S.; Sasaki, O.; Suzuki, Y.; Takubo, Y.; Tanaka, S.; Terada, S.; Tokushuku, K.; Tsuno, S.; Unno, Y.; Yamada, M.; Yamamoto, A.; Yasu, Y.] High Energy Accelerator Res Org, KEK, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan. [Hayakawa, T.; King, M.; Kishimoto, T.; Kitamura, T.; Kurashige, H.; Matsushita, T.; Ochi, A.; Suzuki, Y.; Takeda, H.; Tani, K.; Watanabe, I.; Yamazaki, Y.; Yuan, L.] Kobe Univ, Grad Sch, Kobe, Hyogo 657, Japan. [Takashima, R.] Kyoto Univ, Kyoto 612, Japan. [Kawagoe, K.; Oda, S.; Tojo, J.] Kyushu Univ, Dept Phys, Fukuoka 812, Japan. [Alonso, F.; Anduaga, X. S.; Dova, M. T.; Monticelli, F.; Tripiana, M. F.] Univ Nacl La Plata, Inst Fis La Plata, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina. [Alonso, F.; Anduaga, X. S.; Dova, M. T.; Monticelli, F.; Tripiana, M. F.] Consejo Nacl Invest Cient & Tecn, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina. [Barton, A. E.; Borissov, G.; Bouhova-Thacker, E. V.; Chilingarov, A.; Davidson, R.; de Mora, L.; Dearnaley, W. J.; Fox, H.; Henderson, R. C. W.; Hughes, G.; Jones, R. W. L.; Kartvelishvili, V.; Long, R. E.; Love, P. A.; Maddocks, H. J.; Smizanska, M.; Walder, J.] Univ Lancaster, Dept Phys, Lancaster, England. [Biancoa, M.; Cataldia, G.; Chiodini, G.; Gorini, E.; Grancagnoloa, F.; Orlandoa, N.; Perrinoa, R.; Primaveraa, M.; Spagnoloa, S.; Venturaa, A.] INFN Sez Lecce, Lecce, Italy. [Biancoa, M.; Gorini, E.; Orlandoa, N.; Spagnoloa, S.; Venturaa, A.] Univ Salento, Dipartimento Matemat & Fis, Lecce, Italy. [Allport, P. P.; Bundock, A. C.; Burdin, S.; D'Onofrio, M.; Dervan, P.; Greenshaw, T.; Gwilliam, C. B.; Hayward, H. S.; Jackson, J. N.; Jones, T. J.; King, B. T.; Klein, M.; Klein, U.; Kluge, T.; Kretzschmar, J.; Laycock, P.; Mahmoud, S.; Maxfield, S. J.; Mehta, A.; Meyer, J.; Price, J.; Sellers, G.; Vossebeld, J. H.; Wrona, B.] Univ Liverpool, Oliver Lodge Lab, Liverpool L69 3BX, Merseyside, England. [Cindro, V.; Deliyergiyev, M.; Dolenc, I.; Filipcic, A.; Gorisek, A.; Kersevan, B. P.; Kramberger, G.; Macek, B.; Mandic, I.; Michal, S.; Tykhonov, A.] Univ Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia. [Cindro, V.; Deliyergiyev, M.; Dolenc, I.; Filipcic, A.; Gorisek, A.; Kersevan, B. P.; Kramberger, G.; Macek, B.; Mandic, I.; Michal, S.; Tykhonov, A.] Jozef Stefan Inst, Dept Phys, Ljubljana, Slovenia. [Adragna, P.; Bona, M.; Carter, A. A.; Cerrito, L.; Eisenhandler, E.; Ellis, K.; Goddard, J. R.; Landon, M. P. J.; Lloyd, S. L.; Morris, J. D.; Piccaro, E.; Poll, J.; Rizvi, E.; Salamanna, G.; Castanheira, M. Teixeira Dias; Wiglesworth, C.] Queen Mary Univ London, Sch Phys & Astron, London, England. [Alam, M. A.; Berry, T.; Boisvert, V.; Brooks, T.; Cantrill, R.; Cowan, G.; Duguid, L.; Edwards, C. A.; George, S.; Goncalo, R.; Hayden, D.; Pastore, Fr.; Rose, M.; Spano, F.; Strong, J. A.; Teixeira-Dias, P.; Zaytsev, A.] Royal Holloway Univ London, Dept Phys, Surrey, England. [Anisenkov, A.; Annovi, A.; Antonov, A.; Baker, S.; Bernat, P.; Bieniek, S. P.; Butterworth, J. M.; Campanelli, M.; Chislett, R. T.; Christidi, I. A.; Cooper, B. D.; Davison, A. R.; Hesketh, G. G.; Jansen, E.; Konstantinidis, N.; Lambourne, L.; Monk, J.; Nash, M.; Nurse, E.; Prabhu, R.; Sherwood, P.; Simmons, B.; Taylor, C.; Waugh, B. M.; Wijeratne, P. A.] UCL, Dept Phys & Astron, London, England. [Beau, T.; Bomben, M.; Bordoni, S.; Calderini, G.; Cavalleri, P.; Chareyre, E.; Davignon, O.; De Cecco, S.; Derue, F.; Krasny, M. W.; Kuna, M.; Lacour, D.; Laforge, B.; Laplace, S.; Le Dortz, O.; Marchiori, G.; Nikolic-Audit, I.; Ocariz, J.; Ridel, M.; Roos, L.; Schwemling, Ph.; Theveneaux-Pelzer, T.; Torres, H.; Trincaz-Duvoid, S.; Vannucci, F.] UPMC, Lab Phys Nucl & Hautes Energies, Paris, France. [Beau, T.; Bomben, M.; Bordoni, S.; Calderini, G.; Cavalleri, P.; Chareyre, E.; Davignon, O.; De Cecco, S.; Derue, F.; Krasny, M. W.; Kuna, M.; Lacour, D.; Laforge, B.; Laplace, S.; Le Dortz, O.; Marchiori, G.; Nikolic-Audit, I.; Ocariz, J.; Ridel, M.; Roos, L.; Schwemling, Ph.; Theveneaux-Pelzer, T.; Torres, H.; Trincaz-Duvoid, S.; Vannucci, F.] Univ Paris Diderot, Paris, France. [Akesson, T. P.; Alonso, A.; Bocchetta, S. S.; Floderus, A.; Hawkins, A. D.; Hedberg, V.; Jarlskog, G.; Lundberg, B.; Lytken, E.; Meirose, B.; Mjoernmark, J. U.; Smirnova, O.] Lund Univ, Fysiska Inst, Lund, Sweden. [Arnal, V.; Barreiro, F.; Cantero, J.; Del Peso, J.; Glasman, C.; Labarga, L.; Lagouri, T.; Merino, J. Llorente; March, L.; Terron, J.] Univ Autonoma Madrid, Dept Fis Teor C 15, Madrid, Spain. [Aharrouche, M.; Arnaez, O.; Blum, W.; Buescher, V.; Caputo, R.; Eckweiler, S.; Edmonds, K.; Ellinghaus, F.; Ertel, E.; Fiedler, F.; Fleckner, J.; Goeringer, C.; Handel, C.; Hohlfeld, M.; Hsu, P. J.; Ji, W.; Kawamura, G.; Kleinknecht, K.; Koenig, S.; Koepke, L.; Lungwitz, M.; Maettig, S.; Masetti, L.; Merola, L.; Moreno, D.; Mueller, T.; Neusiedl, A.; Sander, H. G.; Schaefer, U.; Schmitt, C.; Schroeder, C.; Simioni, E.; Tapprogge, S.; Wollstadt, S. J.; Zaytsev, A.] Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, D-6500 Mainz, Germany. [Almond, J.; Borri, M.; Brown, G.; Chavda, V.; Cox, B. E.; Da Via, C.; De la Torre, H.; Duerdoth, I. P.; Dufour, M-A.; Forti, A.; Howarth, J.; Ibbotson, M.; Joshi, K. D.; Klinger, J. A.; Lane, J. L.; Loebinger, F. K.; Marx, M.; Masik, J.; Neep, T. J.; Oh, A.; Owen, M.; Pater, J. R.; Pilkington, A. D.; Robinson, J. E. M.; Schwanenberger, C.; Snow, S. W.; Watts, S.; Woudstra, M. J.; Yang, U. K.] Univ Manchester, Sch Phys & Astron, Manchester, Lancs, England. [Aoun, S.; Bee, C. P.; Bertella, C.; Bousson, N.; Clemens, J. C.; Coadou, Y.; Djama, F.; Etienne, F.; Feligioni, L.; Hoffmann, D.; Hubaut, F.; Knoops, E. B. F. G.; Le Guirriec, E.; Li, B.; Lib, S.; Maurer, J.; Monnier, E.; Odier, J.; Pralavorio, P.; Rozanov, A.; Talby, M.; Tannoury, N.; Tisserant, S.; Toth, J.; Touchard, F.; Vacavant, L.] Aix Marseille Univ, CPPM, Marseille, France. [Aoun, S.; Bee, C. P.; Bertella, C.; Bousson, N.; Clemens, J. C.; Coadou, Y.; Djama, F.; Etienne, F.; Feligioni, L.; Hoffmann, D.; Hubaut, F.; Knoops, E. B. F. G.; Le Guirriec, E.; Li, B.; Lib, S.; Maurer, J.; Monnier, E.; Odier, J.; Pralavorio, P.; Rozanov, A.; Talby, M.; Tannoury, N.; Tisserant, S.; Toth, J.; Touchard, F.; Vacavant, L.] CNRS IN2P3, Marseille, France. [Brau, B.; Colon, G.; Dallapiccola, C.; Meade, A.; Moyse, E. J. W.; Pais, P.; Pueschel, E.; Scheirich, D.; Varol, T.; Ventura, D.; Willocq, S.] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Phys, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. [Belanger-Champagne, C.; Caron, B.; Chapleau, B.; Cheatham, S.; Corriveau, F.; Dobbs, M.; Guler, H.; Klemetti, M.; Mc Donald, J.; Robertson, S. H.; Rios, C. Santamarina; Schram, M.; Stockton, M. C.; Vachon, B.; Warburton, A.] McGill Univ, Dept Phys, Montreal, PQ, Canada. [Barberio, E. L.; Davidson, N.; Diglio, S.; Hamano, K.; Jennens, D.; Kubota, T.; Limosani, A.; Moorhead, G. F.; Hanninger, G. Nunes; Phan, A.; Shao, Q. T.; Tan, K. G.; Taylor, G. N.; Thong, W. M.; Volpi, M.; White, M. J.] Univ Melbourne, Sch Phys, Melbourne, Vic 3010, Australia. [Armbruster, A. J.; Borroni, S.; Chapman, J. W.; Cirilli, M.; Dai, T.; Diehl, E. B.; Ferretti, C.; Goldfarb, S.; Harper, D.; Levin, D.; Li, X.; Liu, H.; Liu, J. B.; Liu, L.; Mc Kee, S. P.; Neal, H. A.; Panikashvili, N.; Purdham, J.; Qian, J.; Thun, R. P.; Walch, S.; Wilson, A.; Wooden, G.; Yang, H.; Zhou, B.; Zhu, J.] Univ Michigan, Dept Phys, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Abolins, M.; Alvarez Gonzalez, B.; Arabidze, G.; Brock, R.; Bromberg, C.; Caughron, S.; Fedorko, W.; Hauser, R.; Heim, S.; Holzbauer, J. L.; Huston, J.; Koll, J.; Linnemann, J. T.; Mangeard, P. S.; Martin, B.; Middleton, R. P.; Pope, B. G.; Schwienhorst, R.; Stelzer, H. J.; Tollefson, K.; Zhang, H.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Acerbi, E.; Alessandria, F.; Alimonti, G.; Andreazzaa, A.; Anisenkov, A.; Annovi, A.; Antonov, A.; Baccaglionia, G.; Besanaa, M. I.; Broggia, F.; Carminatia, L.; Cavallia, D.; Citterio, M.; Consonnia, S. M.; Costaa, G.; Fantia, M.; Favaretoa, A.; Giugniaa, D.; Koletsoua, I.; Laria, T.; Mandellia, L.; Mazzantia, M.; Melonia, F.; PeriniBa, L.; Pizioa, C.; Ragusaa, F.; Resconiaa, S.; Rivoltellaa, G.; Simonielloa, R.; Tartarellia, G. F.; Troncona, C.; Turraa, R.; Vegnia, G.] INFN Sez Milano, Milan, Italy. [Acerbi, E.; Andreazzaa, A.; Besanaa, M. I.; Carminatia, L.; Consonnia, S. M.; Fantia, M.; Favaretoa, A.; Melonia, F.; PeriniBa, L.; Pizioa, C.; Ragusaa, F.; Rivoltellaa, G.; Simonielloa, R.; Turraa, R.; Vegnia, G.] Univ Milan, Dipartimento Fis, Milan, Italy. [Bogouch, A.; Harkusha, S.; Kulchitsky, Y.; Kurochkin, Y. A.; Satsounkevitch, I.; Tsiareshka, P. V.] Natl Acad Sci Belarus, BI Stepanov Inst Phys, Minsk, Byelarus. [Yanush, S.] Natl Sci & Educ Ctr Particle & High Energy Phys, Minsk, Byelarus. [Taylor, F. E.] MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Azuelos, G.; Banerjee, P.; Bouchami, J.; Davies, M.; Giunta, M.; Leroy, C.; Martin, J. P.; Mehdiyev, R.] Univ Montreal, Grp Particle Phys, Montreal, PQ, Canada. [Akimov, A. V.; Baranov, S. P.; Gavrilenko, I. L.; Komar, A. A.; Mashinistov, R.; Mouraviev, S. V.; Nechaeva, P. Yu.; Shmeleva, A.; Snesarev, A. A.; Sulin, V. V.; Tikhomirov, V. O.] Acad Sci, PN Lebedev Inst Phys, Moscow, Russia. [Artamonov, A.; Gorbounov, P. A.; Khovanskiy, V.; Shatalov, P. B.; Tsukerman, I. I.] ITEP, Moscow, Russia. [Antonov, A.; Belotskiy, K.; Bulekov, O.; Dolgoshein, B. A.; Kantserov, V. A.; Khodinov, A.; Romaniouk, A.; Shulga, E.; Smirnov, S. Yu.; Smirnov, Y.; Soldatov, E. Yu.; Timoshenko, S.] Moscow Engn & Phys Inst MEPhI, Moscow, Russia. [Gladilin, L. K.; Grishkevich, Y. V.; Kramarenko, V. A.; Rud, V. I.; Sivoklokov, S. Yu.; Smirnova, L. N.] Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Skobeltsyn Inst Nucl Phys, Moscow, Russia. [Adomeit, S.; Beale, S.; Becker, S.; Biebel, O.; Calfayan, P.; De Graat, J.; Duckeck, G.; Ebke, J.; Elmsheuser, J.; Engl, A.; Galea, C.; Heller, C.; Hertenberger, R.; Kummer, C.; Legger, F.; Lichtnecker, M.; Lorenz, J.; Mueller, T. A.; Nunnemann, T.; Oakes, L. B.; Rauscher, F.; Reznicek, P.; Sanders, M. P.; Schaile, D.; Schieck, J.; Serfon, C.; Staude, A.; Vladoiu, D.; Walker, R.; Will, J. Z.; Zhuang, X.] Univ Munich, Fak Phys, Munich, Germany. [Barillari, T.; Beimforde, M.; Bethke, S.; Bittner, B.; Bronner, J.; Capriotti, D.; Cortiana, G.; Dubbert, J.; Flowerdew, M. J.; Giovannini, P.; Jantsch, A.; Kiryunin, A. E.; Kluth, S.; Kortner, O.; Kortner, S.; Kotov, S.; Kroha, H.; Macchiolo, A.; Mameghani, R.; Manfredini, A.; Moser, H. G.; Nagel, M.; Nisius, R.; Oberlack, H.; Pahl, C.; Pospelov, G. E.; Potrap, I. N.; Richter, R.; Salihagic, D.; Sandstroem, R.; Schacht, P.; Schwegler, Ph.; Seuster, R.; Stern, S.; Stonjek, S.; Vanadia, M.; Von der Schmitt, H.; Weigell, P.; Wildauer, A.; Zanzi, D.; Zhuravlov, V.] Werner Heisenberg Inst, Max Planck Inst Phys, Munich, Germany. [Izzoa, V.; Shimojima, M.] Nagasaki Inst Appl Sci, Nagasaki, Japan. [Aoki, M.; Hasegawa, S.; Morvaj, L.; Ohshima, T.; Shimizu, S.; Takahashi, Y.; Tomoto, M.; Wakabayashi, J.] Nagoya Univ, Grad Sch Sci, Nagoya, Aichi 4648601, Japan. [Aoki, M.; Hasegawa, S.; Morvaj, L.; Ohshima, T.; Shimizu, S.; Takahashi, Y.; Tomoto, M.; Wakabayashi, J.] Nagoya Univ, Kobayashi Maskawa Inst, Nagoya, Aichi 4648601, Japan. [Aloisio, A.; Alviggia, M. G.; Canalea, V.; Capassoa, L.; Carlinoa, G.; Chiefari, G.; Conventia, F.; De Asmundisa, R.; Della Pietraa, M.; Della Volpea, D.; Doriaa, A.; Giordanoa, R.; Iengoa, P.; Musto, E.; Patricellia, S.; Sancheza, A.; Sekhniaidzea, G.] INFN Sez Napoli, Naples, Italy. [Aloisio, A.; Alviggia, M. G.; Canalea, V.; Capassoa, L.; Chiefari, G.; Della Volpea, D.; Giordanoa, R.; Musto, E.; Patricellia, S.; Sancheza, A.] Univ Naples Federico II, Dipartimento Sci Fis, Naples, Italy. [Gorelov, I.; Hoeferkamp, M. R.; Seidel, S. C.; Toms, K.; Wang, R.] Univ New Mexico, Dept Phys & Astron, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [Besjes, G. J.; Caron, S.; Chelstowska, M. A.; De Groot, N.; Filthaut, F.; Klok, P. F.; Koenig, A. C.; Koetsveld, F.; Raas, M.; Salvucci, A.] Radboud Univ Nijmegen Nikhef, Inst Math Astrophys & Particle Phys, Nijmegen, Netherlands. [Aben, R.; Beemster, L. J.; Bentvelsen, S.; Berglund, E.; Bobbink, G. J.; Bos, K.; Boterenbrood, H.; Colijn, A. P.; De Jong, P.; De Nooij, L.; Deluca, C.; Deviveiros, P. O.; Doxiadis, A. D.; Ferrari, P.; Garitaonandia, H.; Geerts, D. A. A.; Gosselink, M.; Hartjes, F.; Hessey, N. P.; Igonkina, O.; Kayl, M. S.; Klous, S.; Kluit, P.; Koffeman, E.; Lee, H.; Lenz, T.; Linde, F.; Luijckx, G.; Massaro, G.; Mechnich, J.; Mussche, I.; Ottersbach, J. P.; Pani, P.; Rijpstra, M.; Ruckstuhl, N.; Ta, D.; Tsiakiris, M.; Turlay, E.; Van der Deijl, P. C.; Van der Geer, R.; Van der Graaf, H.; Van der Leeuw, R.; Van der Poel, E.; Van Vulpen, I.; Verkerke, W.; Vermeulen, J. C.; Milosavljevic, M. Vranjes; Vreeswijk, M.] Univ Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Aben, R.; Beemster, L. J.; Bentvelsen, S.; Berglund, E.; Bobbink, G. J.; Bos, K.; Boterenbrood, H.; Colijn, A. P.; De Jong, P.; De Nooij, L.; Deluca, C.; Deviveiros, P. O.; Doxiadis, A. D.; Ferrari, P.; Garitaonandia, H.; Geerts, D. A. A.; Gosselink, M.; Hartjes, F.; Hessey, N. P.; Igonkina, O.; Kayl, M. S.; Klous, S.; Kluit, P.; Koffeman, E.; Lee, H.; Lenz, T.; Linde, F.; Luijckx, G.; Massaro, G.; Mechnich, J.; Mussche, I.; Ottersbach, J. P.; Pani, P.; Rijpstra, M.; Ruckstuhl, N.; Ta, D.; Tsiakiris, M.; Turlay, E.; Van der Deijl, P. C.; Van der Geer, R.; Van der Graaf, H.; Van der Leeuw, R.; Van der Poel, E.; Van Vulpen, I.; Verkerke, W.; Vermeulen, J. C.; Milosavljevic, M. Vranjes; Vreeswijk, M.] Nikhef Natl Inst Subatom Phys, Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Calkins, R.; Chakraborty, D.; Cole, S.; De Lima, J. G. Rocha; Suhr, C.; Yurkewicz, A.; Zutshi, V.] No Illinois Univ, Dept Phys, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA. [Anisenkov, A.; Beloborodova, O.; Bobrovnikov, V. B.; Bogdanchikov, A.; Kazanin, V. A.; Kolachev, G. M.; Korol, A.; Malyshev, V.; Maslennikov, A. L.; Orlov, I.; Peleganchuk, S. V.; Schamov, A. G.; Skovpen, K.; Soukharev, A.; Talyshev, A.; Tikhonov, Y. A.] SB RAS, Budker Inst Nucl Phys, Novosibirsk, Russia. [Budick, B.; Casadei, D.; Cranmer, K.; Van Huysduynen, L. Hooft; Kaplan, B.; Konoplich, R.; Krasznahorkay, A.; Kreiss, S.; Lewis, G. H.; Mills, C.; Nemethy, P.; Neves, R. M.; Prokofiev, K.; Shibata, A.; Zhao, L.] NYU, Dept Phys, New York, NY 10003 USA. [Fisher, M. J.; Gan, K. K.; Kagan, H.; Kass, R. D.; Menke, S.; Moss, J.; Nagarkar, A.; Pignotti, D. T.; Rahimi, A. M.; Strang, M.] Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Nakano, I.] Okayama Univ, Fac Sci, Okayama 700, Japan. [Abbott, B.; Gutierrez, P.; Jana, D. K.; Marzin, A.; Meera-Lebbai, R.; Norberg, S.; Saleem, M.; Severini, H.; Skubic, P.; Snow, J.; Strauss, M.] Univ Oklahoma, Homer L Dodge Dept Phys & Astron, Norman, OK 73019 USA. [Abi, B.; Khanov, A.; Rizatdinova, F.; Yu, J.] Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Phys, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. [Hamal, P.; Nozka, L.] Palacky Univ, RCPTM, CR-77147 Olomouc, Czech Republic. [Brau, J. E.; Potter, C. T.; Ptacek, E.; Radloff, P.; Reinsch, A.; Searcy, J.; Shamim, M.; Sinev, N. B.; Strom, D. M.; Torrence, E.] Univ Oregon, Ctr High Energy Phys, Eugene, OR 97403 USA. [Khalek, S. Abdel; Andari, N.; Arnault, C.; Auge, E.; Barrillon, P.; Benoit, M.; Binet, S.; Bourdarios, C.; De la Taille, C.; De Regie, J. B. De Vivie; Duflot, L.; Escalier, M.; Fayard, L.; Fournier, D.; Grivaz, J. -F.; Henrot-Versille, S.; Hrivnac, J.; Iconomidou-Fayard, L.; Idarraga, J.; Kado, M.; Martinez, N. Lorenzo; Lounis, A.; Makovec, N.; Matricon, P.; Niedercorn, F.; Poggioli, L.; Puzo, P.; Renaud, A.; Rousseau, D.; Rybkin, G.; Sauvan, J. B.; Schaarschmidt, J.; Schaffer, A. C.; Serin, L.; Simion, S.; Tanaka, R.; Teinturier, M.; Veillet, J. J.; Wicek, F.; Zerwas, D.; Zhang, Z.] Univ Paris 11, LAL, Orsay, France. [Khalek, S. Abdel; Andari, N.; Arnault, C.; Auge, E.; Barrillon, P.; Benoit, M.; Binet, S.; Bourdarios, C.; De la Taille, C.; De Regie, J. B. De Vivie; Duflot, L.; Escalier, M.; Fayard, L.; Fournier, D.; Grivaz, J. -F.; Henrot-Versille, S.; Hrivnac, J.; Iconomidou-Fayard, L.; Idarraga, J.; Kado, M.; Martinez, N. Lorenzo; Lounis, A.; Makovec, N.; Matricon, P.; Niedercorn, F.; Poggioli, L.; Puzo, P.; Renaud, A.; Rousseau, D.; Rybkin, G.; Sauvan, J. B.; Schaarschmidt, J.; Schaffer, A. C.; Serin, L.; Simion, S.; Tanaka, R.; Teinturier, M.; Veillet, J. J.; Wicek, F.; Zerwas, D.; Zhang, Z.] CNRS IN2P3, Orsay, France. [Hanagaki, K.; Hirose, M.; Lee, J. S. H.; Meguro, T.; Nomachi, M.; Sugaya, Y.] Osaka Univ, Grad Sch Sci, Osaka, Japan. [Bugge, L.; Buran, T.; Cameron, D.; Gjelsten, B. K.; Lund, E.; Ould-Saada, F.; Pajchel, K.; Read, A. L.; Rohne, O.; Samset, B. H.; Stapnes, S.; Strandlie, A.] Univ Oslo, Dept Phys, Oslo, Norway. [Apolle, R.; Barr, A. J.; Boddy, C. R.; Brandt, G.; Buchanan, J.; Buckingham, R. M.; Coniavitis, E.; Cooper-Sarkar, A. M.; Dafinca, A.; Davies, E.; Gallas, E. J.; Gwenlan, C.; Hall, D.; Hays, C. P.; Howard, J.; Huffman, T. B.; Issever, C.; King, R. S. B.; Kogan, L. A.; Korn, A.; Larner, A.; Lewis, A.; Liang, Z.; Livermore, S. S. A.; Mattravers, C.; Nickerson, R. B.; Pinder, A.; Robichaud-Veronneau, A.; Ryder, N. C.; Short, D.; Tseng, J. C-L.; Viehhauser, G. H. A.; Weidberg, A. R.; Whitehead, S. R.; Young, C. J.; Zhong, J.] Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, Oxford, England. [Colomboa, T.; Contaa, C.; Ferraria, R.; Franchinoa, S.; Fraternalia, M.; Gaudioa, G.; Livana, M.; Negria, A.; Poleselloa, G.; Rebuzzia, D. M.; Rimoldia, A.; Uslenghia, M.; Vercesiaa, V.] INFN Sez Pavia, Pavia, Italy. [Colomboa, T.; Contaa, C.; Franchinoa, S.; Fraternalia, M.; Livana, M.; Negria, A.; Rebuzzia, D. M.; Rimoldia, A.; Uslenghia, M.] Univ Pavia, Dipartimento Fis, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. [Alison, J.; Brendlinger, K.; Degenhardt, J.; Dressnandt, N.; Fratina, S.; Hines, E.; Hong, T. M.; Jackson, B.; Keener, P. T.; Kroll, J.; Kunkle, J.; Lester, C. M.; Lipeles, E.; Newcomer, F. M.; Olivito, D.; Ospanov, R.; Reece, R.; Saxon, J.; Schaefer, D.; Stahlman, J.; Thomson, E.; Van Berg, R.; Wagner, P.; Williams, H. H.] Univ Penn, Dept Phys, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Fedin, O. L.; Gratchev, V.; Grebenyuk, O. G.; Maleev, V. P.; Ryabov, Y. F.; Schegelsky, V. A.; Sedykh, E.; Seliverstov, D. M.; Solovyev, V.] Petersburg Nucl Phys Inst, Gatchina, Russia. [Bertoluccia, F.; Cascellaa, M.; Cavasinnia, V.; Cresciolia, F.; Del Pretea, T.; Dottia, A.; Rodaa, C.; Sarria, F.; Whitea, S.; Zinonosa, Z.] Univ Pisa, Dipartimento Fis E Fermi, Pisa, Italy. [Bertoluccia, F.; Cascellaa, M.; Cavasinnia, V.; Cresciolia, F.; Del Pretea, T.; Dottia, A.; Rodaa, C.; Sarria, F.; Whitea, S.; Zinonosa, Z.] INFN Sez Pisa, Pisa, Italy. [Boudreau, J.; Cleland, W.; Escobar, C.; Kittelmann, T.; Mueller, J.; Prieur, D.; Savinov, V.; Yoosoofmiya, R.] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Phys & Astron, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. [Amor Dos Santos, S. P.; Amorim, A.; Anjosa, N.; Carvalhoa, J.; Castroa, N. F.; Muino, P. Conde; De Sousa, M. J. Da Cunha Sargedas; Wemans, A. Do Valle; Fiolhaisa, M. C. N.; Galhardoa, B.; Gomesa, A.; Jorgea, P. M.; Lopesa, L.; Miguensa, J. Machado; Maioa, A.; Maneiraa, J.; Oliveiraa, M.; Onofrea, A.; Palmaa, A.; Pinaa, J.; Pintoa, B.; Santos, H.; Saraiva, J. G.; Silvaa, J.; Velosoa, F.; Woltersa, H.] Lab Instrumentacao & Fis Expt Particulas LIP, Lisbon, Portugal. [Aguilar-Saavedra, J. A.] Univ Granada, Dept Fis Teor & Cosmos, Granada, Spain. [Aguilar-Saavedra, J. A.] Univ Granada, CAFPE, Granada, Spain. [Bohm, J.; Chudoba, J.; Gallus, P.; Gunther, J.; Jakoubek, T.; Juranek, V.; Kepka, O.; Kupco, A.; Kus, V.; Lokajicek, M.; Marcisovsky, M.; Miao, J.; Myska, M.; Nemecek, S.; Ruzicka, P.; Schovancova, J.; Sicho, P.; Staroba, P.; Svatos, M.; Tasevsky, M.; Tic, T.; Valenta, J.; Vrba, V.; Zeman, M.] Acad Sci Czech Republic, Inst Phys, Prague, Czech Republic. [Chalupkova, I.; Davidek, T.; Dolejsi, J.; Dolezal, Z.; Kodys, P.; Leitner, R.; Novakova, J.; Rybar, M.; Spoustaa, M.; Strachota, P.; Suk, M.; Sykora, T.; Tas, P.; Valkar, S.; Vorobel, V.; Wilhelm, I.] Charles Univ Prague, Fac Math & Phys, Prague, Czech Republic. [Augsten, K.; Holy, T.; Hubacek, Z.; Jakubek, J.; Kohout, Z.; Kral, V.; Krejci, F.; Pospisil, S.; Simak, V.; Slavicek, T.; Smolek, K.; Sodomka, J.; Solar, M.; Solc, J.; Sopko, B.; Stekl, I.; Turecek, D.; Vacek, V.; Vlasak, M.; Vokac, P.] Czech Tech Univ, CR-16635 Prague, Czech Republic. [Ammosov, V. V.; Borisov, A.; Denisov, S. P.; Fakhrutdinov, R. M.; Fenyuk, A. B.; Ivashin, A. V.; Karyukhin, A. N.; Korotkov, V. A.; Kozhin, A. S.; Miller, D. W.; Myagkov, A. G.; Nikolaenko, V.; Solodkov, A. A.; Solovyanov, O. V.; Starchenko, E. A.; Zaitsev, A. M.; Zenin, O.; Zmouchko, V. V.] Inst High Energy Phys, State Res Ctr, Protvino, Russia. [Adye, T.; Baines, J. T.; Barnett, B. M.; Burke, S.; Dewhurst, A.; Emeliyanov, D.; Gallop, B. J.; Gee, C. N. P.; Gillman, A. R.; Haywood, S. J.; Kirk, J.; McCubbin, N. A.; McMahon, S. J.; Meyer, J-P.; Murray, W. J.; Norton, P. R.; Phillips, P. W.; Sankey, D. P. C.; Scott, W. G.; Strube, J.; Tyndel, M.; Wickens, F. J.; Wielers, M.] Rutherford Appleton Lab, Particle Phys Dept, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. [Benslama, K.; Smit, G. V. Ybeles] Univ Regina, Dept Phys, Regina, SK S4S 0A2, Canada. [Tanaka, S.] Ritsumeikan Univ, Kusatsu, Shiga, Japan. [Artonia, G.; Bagnaia, P.; Binia, C.; Caloia, R.; Ciapetti, G.; D'Orazioa, A.; De Zorzia, G.; Dionisia, C.; Gauzzia, P.; Gentilea, S.; Giagua, S.; Ippolitoa, V.; Lacavaa, F.; Lo Sterzoa, F.; Lucia, C.; Rossia, E.; Camilloccia, E. Solfaroli; Zanelloa, L.] Univ Roma La Sapienza, Dipartimento Fis, I-00185 Rome, Italy. [Anullia, F.; Artonia, G.; Bagnaia, P.; Binia, C.; Caloia, R.; Ciapetti, G.; D'Orazioa, A.; De Pedisa, D.; De Salvoa, A.; De Zorzia, G.; Dionisia, C.; Falcianoa, S.; Gauzzia, P.; Gentilea, S.; Giagua, S.; Ippolitoa, V.; Lacavaa, F.; Lo Sterzoa, F.; Lucia, C.; Luminaria, L.; Marzanoa, F.; Moyaa, M. Minano; Mirabellia, G.; Nisatia, A.; Pasqualuccia, E.; Petroloa, E.; Pontecorvoa, L.; Rescignoa, M.; Rosatia, S.; Rossia, E.; Tehrania, F. Safai; Sidotia, A.; Camilloccia, E. Solfaroli; Varia, R.; Venezianoa, S.; Zanelloa, L.] INFN Sez Roma I, Rome, Italy. [Aielli, G.; Camarri, P.; Cattani, G.; Di Ciaccio, A.; Di Simone, A.; Marchese, F.; Mazzaferro, L.; Santonico, R.] Univ Roma Tor Vergata, Dipartimento Fis, I-00173 Rome, Italy. [Aielli, G.; Camarri, P.; Cardarelli, R.; Cattani, G.; Di Ciaccio, A.; Di Simone, A.; Liberti, B.; Marchese, F.; Mazzaferro, L.; Salamon, A.; Santonico, R.] INFN Sez Roma Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy. [Baccia, C.; Bortolottoa, V.; Ceradinia, F.; Di Luisea, S.; Orestanoa, D.; Pastorea, F.; Petruccia, F.] Univ Roma Tre, Dipartimento Fis, Rome, Italy. [Baccia, C.; Baroncellia, A.; Bigliettia, M.; Bortolottoa, V.; Branchinia, P.; Ceradinia, F.; Di Luisea, S.; Farillaa, A.; Graziania, E.; Iodicea, M.; Orestanoa, D.; Passeria, A.; Pastorea, F.; Petruccia, F.; Stanescua, C.] INFN Sez Roma Tre, Rome, Italy. [Benchekrouna, D.; Chafaqa, A.; Gouighri, M.; Hoummadaa, A.; Lablaka, S.] Univ Hassan 2, Reseau Univ Phys Hautes Energies, Fac Sci Ain Chock, Casablanca, Morocco. [Ghazlaneb, H.] Ctr Natl Energie Sci Tech Nucl, Rabat, Morocco. [El Kacimic, M.; Goujdamic, D.] Univ Cadi Ayyad, Fac Sci Semlalia, LPHEA Marrakech, Cadi Ayyad, Morocco. [Derkaouid, J. E.; Ouchrifd, M.; Tayalatid, Y.] Univ Mohamed Premier, Fac Sci, Oujda, Morocco. [Derkaouid, J. E.; Ouchrifd, M.; Tayalatid, Y.] LPTPM, Oujda, Morocco. [El Moursli, R. Cherkaoui] Univ Mohammed V Agdal, Fac Sci, Rabat, Morocco. [Abreu, H.; Bachacou, H.; Bauer, F.; Besson, N.; Blanchard, J. -B.; Bolnet, N. M.; Boonekamp, M.; Chevalier, L.; Ernwein, J.; Etienvre, A. I.; Formica, A.; Gauthier, L.; Giraud, P. F.; Guyot, C.; Hassani, S.; Kozanecki, W.; Lancon, E.; Laporte, J. F.; Legendre, M.; Maiani, C.; Mal, P.; Ramos, J. A. Manjarres; Mansoulie, B.; Merritt, F. S.; Meyer, J.; Morange, N.; Hong, V. Nguyen Thi; Nicolaidou, R.; Ouraou, A.; Resende, B.; Royon, C. R.; Schune, Ph.; Schwindling, J.; Simard, O.; Virchaux, M.; Vranjes, N.; Xiao, M.] CEA Saclay, DSM IRFU Inst Rech Lois Fondamentales Univers, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Chouridou, S.; Damiani, D. S.; Grillo, A. A.; Hare, G. A.; Litke, A. M.; Lockman, W. S.; Manning, P. M.; Minashvili, I. A.; Mitrevski, J.; Nielsen, J.; Sadrozinski, H. F-W.; Schumm, B. A.; Seiden, A.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz Inst Particle Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Beckingham, M.; Coccaro, A.; Goussiou, A. G.; Harris, O. M.; Keller, J. S.; Lubatti, H. J.; Rompotis, N.; Rothberg, J.; Verducci, M.; Watts, G.; Zhao, T.] Univ Washington, Dept Phys, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Booth, C. N.; Costanzo, D.; Donszelmann, T. Cuhadar; Dawson, I.; Duxfield, R.; Hodgkinson, M. C.; Hodgson, P.; Johansson, P.; Korolkova, E. V.; Mayne, A.; Mcfayden, J. A.; Miyagawa, P. S.; Owen, S.; Paganis, E.; Suruliz, K.; Tovey, D. R.; Tua, A.; Xu, D.] Univ Sheffield, Dept Phys & Astron, Sheffield, S Yorkshire, England. [Hasegawa, Y.; Takeshita, T.] Shinshu Univ, Dept Phys, Nagano, Japan. [Buchholz, P.; Czirr, H.; Fleck, I.; Gaur, B.; Grybel, K.; Holder, M.; Ibragimov, I.; Rammes, M.; Rosenthal, O.; Sipica, V.; Walkowiak, W.; Ziolkowski, M.] Univ Siegen, Fachbereich Phys, D-5900 Siegen, Germany. [Aracena, I.; Barklow, T.; Bartoldus, R.; Bawa, H. S.; Butler, B.; Cogan, J. G.; Eifert, T.; Fulsom, B. G.; Gao, Y. S.; Grenier, P.; Haas, A.; Hansson, P.; Kocian, M.; Koi, T.; Lowe, A. J.; Mount, R.; Nelson, T. K.; Salnikov, A.; Schwartzman, A.; Silverstein, D.; Smith, D.; Strauss, E.; Su, D.; Wilson, M. G.; Wittgen, M.; Young, C.] SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA USA. [Batkovaa, L.; Blazeka, T.; Federica, P.; Pecsya, M.; Stavinaa, P.; Sykoraa, I.; Tokara, S.; Zenisa, T.] Comenius Univ, Fac Math Phys & Informat, Bratislava, Slovakia. [Antosb, J.; Brunckob, D.; Ferenceib, J.; Kladiva, E.; Semanb, M.; Strizenecb, P.] Slovak Acad Sci, Inst Expt Phys, Dept Subnucl Phys, Kosice 04353, Slovakia. [Aurousseaua, M.; Yacooba, S.] Univ Johannesburg, Dept Phys, Johannesburg, South Africa. [Hamiltonb, A.; Leneyb, K. J. C.; Vickeyb, T.; Boeriub, O. E. Vickey] Univ Witwatersrand, Sch Phys, Johannesburg, South Africa. [Asmana, B.; Bendtza, K.; Bohma, C.; Clement, C.; Erikssona, D.; Gellerstedta, K.; Hellmana, S.; Holmgrena, S. O.; Johansena, M.; Johanssona, K. E.; Jon-Anda, K.; Khandanyana, H.; Kima, H.; Klimeka, P.; Lundberga, J.; Lundberga, O.; Mikestikovaa, M.; Moaa, T.; Papadelisa, A.; Selldena, B.; Silversteina, S. B.; Sjoelina, J.; Strandberga, S.; Tylmada, M.; Yanga, Z.] Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Asmana, B.; Bendtza, K.; Gellerstedta, K.; Hellmana, S.; Johansena, M.; Jon-Anda, K.; Khandanyana, H.; Kima, H.; Klimeka, P.; Lundberga, J.; Lundberga, O.; Mikestikovaa, M.; Moaa, T.; Sjoelina, J.; Strandberga, S.; Tylmada, M.; Yanga, Z.] Oskar Klein Ctr, Stockholm, Sweden. [Jovicevic, J.; Kuwertz, E. S.; Kvita, J.; Lund-Jensen, B.; Strandberg, J.] Royal Inst Technol, Dept Phys, S-10044 Stockholm, Sweden. [Ahmad, A.; Arfaoui, S.; Devetak, E.; DeWilde, B.; Engelmann, R.; Farley, J.; Goodson, J. J.; Grassi, V.; Gray, J. A.; Hobbs, J.; Jia, J.; Mastrandrea, P.; McCarthy, R. L.; Mohapatra, S.; Rijssenbeek, M.; Schamberger, R. D.; Stupak, J.; Tsybychev, D.] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. [Ahmad, A.; Arfaoui, S.; Devetak, E.; DeWilde, B.; Engelmann, R.; Farley, J.; Goodson, J. J.; Grassi, V.; Gray, J. A.; Hobbs, J.; Jia, J.; Mastrandrea, P.; McCarthy, R. L.; Mohapatra, S.; Rijssenbeek, M.; Schamberger, R. D.; Stupak, J.; Tsybychev, D.] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Chem, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. [Bartsch, V.; De Santo, A.; Martin-Haugh, S.; Potter, C. J.; Rose, A.; Salvatore, F.; Sutton, M. R.] Univ Sussex, Dept Phys & Astron, Brighton, E Sussex, England. [Bangert, A.; Cuthbert, C.; Patel, N.; Saavedra, A. F.; Scarcella, M.; Varvell, K. E.; Watson, I. J.; Waugh, A. T.; Yabsley, B.] Univ Sydney, Sch Phys, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. [Chu, M. L.; Hou, S.; Lee, S. C.; Lin, S. C.; Liu, D.; Mazini, R.; Meng, Z.; Ren, Z. L.; Soh, D. A.; Teng, P. K.; Wang, J.; Wang, S. M.; Weng, Z.; Zhou, Y.] Acad Sinica, Inst Phys, Taipei, Taiwan. [Kajomovitz, E.; Rozen, Y.; Tarem, S.; Vallecorsa, S.] Technion Israel Inst Technol, Dept Phys, IL-32000 Haifa, Israel. [Abramowicz, H.; Alexander, G.; Amram, N.; Bella, G.; Benary, O.; Benhammou, Y.; Etzion, E.; Gershon, A.; Ginzburg, J.; Guttman, N.; Munwes, Y.; Oren, Y.; Reinherz-Aronis, E.; Sadeh, I.; Silver, Y.; Soffer, A.; Taiblum, N.] Tel Aviv Univ, Raymond & Beverly Sackler Sch Phys & Astron, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel. [Iliadis, D.; Kordas, K.; Kouskoura, V.; Nomidis, I.; Petridis, A.; Petridou, C.; Sampsonidis, D.] Aristotle Univ Thessaloniki, Dept Phys, GR-54006 Thessaloniki, Greece. [Akimoto, G.; Asai, S.; Azuma, Y.; Dohmae, T.; Kanaya, N.; Kataoka, Y.; Kawamoto, T.; Kazama, S.; Kessoku, K.; Kobayashi, T.; Komori, Y.; Mashimo, T.; Masubuchi, T.; Matsunaga, H.; Nakamura, K.; Nakamura, T.; Ninomiya, Y.; Okuyama, T.; Sakamoto, H.; Sasaki, Y.; Tanaka, J.; Terashi, K.; Ueda, I.; Yamaguchi, H.; Yamamoto, S.; Yamamura, T.; Yamanaka, T.; Yamazaki, T.] Univ Tokyo, Dept Phys, Tokyo 113, Japan. [Akimoto, G.; Asai, S.; Azuma, Y.; Dohmae, T.; Kanaya, N.; Kataoka, Y.; Kawamoto, T.; Kazama, S.; Kessoku, K.; Kobayashi, T.; Komori, Y.; Mashimo, T.; Masubuchi, T.; Matsunaga, H.; Nakamura, K.; Nakamura, T.; Ninomiya, Y.; Okuyama, T.; Sakamoto, H.; Sasaki, Y.; Tanaka, J.; Terashi, K.; Ueda, I.; Yamaguchi, H.; Yamamoto, S.; Yamamura, T.; Yamanaka, T.; Yamazaki, T.] Univ Tokyo, Int Ctr Elementary Particle Phys, Tokyo, Japan. [Bratzler, U.; Clement, C.; Fukunaga, C.] Tokyo Metropolitan Univ, Grad Sch Sci & Technol, Tokyo 158, Japan. [Ishitsuka, M.; Jinnouchi, O.; Kanno, T.; Kuze, M.; Nagai, R.; Nobe, T.] Tokyo Inst Technol, Dept Phys, Tokyo 152, Japan. [AbouZeid, O. S.; Bailey, D. C.; Bain, T.; Brelier, B.; Cheung, S. L.; Dhaliwal, S.; Farooque, T.; Fatholahzadeh, B.; Gibson, A.; Guo, B.; Ilic, N.; Keung, J.; Knecht, N. S.; Krieger, P.; Le Maner, C.; Martens, F. K.; Orr, R. S.; Rezvani, R.; Rosenbaum, G. A.; Savard, P.; Sinervo, P.; Spreitzer, T.; Tardif, D.; Teuscher, R. J.; Thompson, P. D.; Trischuk, W.; Venturi, N.] Univ Toronto, Dept Phys, Toronto, ON, Canada. [Canepaa, A.; Chekulaeva, S. V.; Fortina, D.; Koutsmana, A.; Lostya, M. J.; Nugenta, I. M.; Orama, C. J.; Codinaa, E. Perez; Schoutena, D.; Stelzer-Chiltona, O.; Tafirouta, R.; Triggera, I. M.] TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada. [Garciab, A. Benitez; Palacinob, G.; Taylorb, W.] York Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Toronto, ON M3J 2R7, Canada. [Hanawa, K.; Hara, K.; Hayashi, T.; Kim, S. H.; Kiuchi, K.; Kurata, M.; Nagai, K.; Ukegawa, F.] Univ Tsukuba, Fac Pure & Appl Sci, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan. [Beauchemin, P. H.; Hamilton, S.; Napier, A.; Rolli, S.; Sliwa, K.; Todorova-Nova, S.; Wendland, D.; Wetter, J.] Tufts Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Medford, MA 02155 USA. [Losada, M.; Loureiro, K. F.; Navas, L. Mendoza; Navarro, G.; Sandoval, C.] Univ Antonio Narino, Ctr Invest, Bogota, Colombia. [Avolio, G.; Deng, J.; Farrell, S.; Eschrich, I. Gough; Hawkins, D.; Hod, N.; Lankford, A. J.; Magnoni, L.; Mermod, P.; Nelson, A.; Scannicchio, D. A.; Schernau, M.; Taffard, A.; Toggerson, B.; Unel, G.; Werth, M.; Wheeler-Ellis, S. J.; Whiteson, D.; Zhou, N.] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA USA. [Acharya, B. S.; Alhroob, M.; Brazzalea, S. F.; Cobal, M.; De Sanctisa, U.; Del Papaa, C.; Pinamontia, M.; Shawa, K.; Soualaha, R.] INFN Grp Collegato Udine, Udine, Italy. [Acharya, B. S.; Pinamontia, M.; Shawa, K.] Abdus Salaam Int Ctr Theoret Phys, Trieste, Italy. [Alhroob, M.; Brazzalea, S. F.; Cobal, M.; De Sanctisa, U.; Del Papaa, C.; Giordanic, M. P.; Soualaha, R.] Univ Udine, Dipartimento Chim Fis & Ambiente, I-33100 Udine, Italy. [Atkinson, M.; Basye, A.; Benekos, N.; Cavaliere, V.; Chang, P.; Coggeshall, J.; Cortes-Gonzalez, A.; Errede, D.; Errede, S.; Lie, K.; Liss, T. M.; McCarn, A.; Neubauer, M. S.; Vichou, I.] Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Brenner, R.; Buszello, C. P.; Ekelof, T.; Ellert, M.; Ferrari, A.; Isaksson, C.; Pelikan, D.] Uppsala Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Uppsala, Sweden. [Urban, S. Cabrera; Gimenez, V. Castillo; Costa, M. J.; Fassi, F.; Ferrer, A.; Fiorini, L.; Fuster, J.; Garcia, C.; Navarro, J. E. Garcia; De la Hoz, S. Gonzalez; Jimenez, Y. Hernandez; Higon-Rodriguez, E.; Quiles, A. Irles; Kaci, M.; Lacasta, C.; Lacuesta, V. R.; Marti-Garcia, S.; Miller, R. J.; Mincer, A. I.; Mitsou, V. A.; Moles-Valls, R.; Llacer, M. Moreno; Garcia, E. Oliver; Lopez, S. Pedraza; Garcia-Estan, M. T. Perez; Adam, E. Romero; Ros, E.; Salt, J.; Martinez, V. Sanchez; Solans, C. A.; Soldevila, U.; Sanchez, J.; Pastor, E. Torro; Valero, A.; Gallego, E. Valladolid; Ferrer, J. A. Valls; Perez, M. Villaplana; Vos, M.] Univ Valencia, Inst Fis Corpuscular IFIC, Valencia, Spain. [Urban, S. Cabrera; Gimenez, V. Castillo; Costa, M. J.; Fassi, F.; Ferrer, A.; Fiorini, L.; Fuster, J.; Garcia, C.; Navarro, J. E. Garcia; De la Hoz, S. Gonzalez; Jimenez, Y. Hernandez; Higon-Rodriguez, E.; Quiles, A. Irles; Kaci, M.; Lacasta, C.; Lacuesta, V. R.; Marti-Garcia, S.; Miller, R. J.; Mincer, A. I.; Mitsou, V. A.; Moles-Valls, R.; Llacer, M. Moreno; Garcia, E. Oliver; Lopez, S. Pedraza; Garcia-Estan, M. T. Perez; Adam, E. Romero; Ros, E.; Salt, J.; Martinez, V. Sanchez; Solans, C. A.; Soldevila, U.; Sanchez, J.; Pastor, E. Torro; Valero, A.; Gallego, E. Valladolid; Ferrer, J. A. Valls; Perez, M. Villaplana; Vos, M.] Univ Valencia, Dept Fis Atom Mol & Nucl, Valencia, Spain. [Urban, S. Cabrera; Gimenez, V. Castillo; Costa, M. J.; Fassi, F.; Ferrer, A.; Fiorini, L.; Fuster, J.; Garcia, C.; Navarro, J. E. Garcia; De la Hoz, S. Gonzalez; Jimenez, Y. Hernandez; Higon-Rodriguez, E.; Quiles, A. Irles; Kaci, M.; Lacasta, C.; Lacuesta, V. R.; Marti-Garcia, S.; Miller, R. J.; Mincer, A. I.; Mitsou, V. A.; Moles-Valls, R.; Llacer, M. Moreno; Garcia, E. Oliver; Lopez, S. Pedraza; Garcia-Estan, M. T. Perez; Adam, E. Romero; Ros, E.; Salt, J.; Martinez, V. Sanchez; Solans, C. A.; Soldevila, U.; Sanchez, J.; Pastor, E. Torro; Valero, A.; Gallego, E. Valladolid; Ferrer, J. A. Valls; Perez, M. Villaplana; Vos, M.] Univ Valencia, Dept Ingn Elect, Valencia, Spain. [Urban, S. Cabrera; Gimenez, V. Castillo; Costa, M. J.; Fassi, F.; Ferrer, A.; Fiorini, L.; Fuster, J.; Garcia, C.; Navarro, J. E. Garcia; De la Hoz, S. Gonzalez; Jimenez, Y. Hernandez; Higon-Rodriguez, E.; Quiles, A. Irles; Kaci, M.; Lacasta, C.; Lacuesta, V. R.; Marti-Garcia, S.; Miller, R. J.; Mincer, A. I.; Mitsou, V. A.; Moles-Valls, R.; Llacer, M. Moreno; Garcia, E. Oliver; Lopez, S. Pedraza; Garcia-Estan, M. T. Perez; Adam, E. Romero; Ros, E.; Salt, J.; Martinez, V. Sanchez; Solans, C. A.; Soldevila, U.; Sanchez, J.; Pastor, E. Torro; Valero, A.; Gallego, E. Valladolid; Ferrer, J. A. Valls; Perez, M. Villaplana; Vos, M.] Univ Valencia, Inst Microelect Barcelona IMB CNM, Valencia, Spain. [Urban, S. Cabrera; Gimenez, V. Castillo; Costa, M. J.; Fassi, F.; Ferrer, A.; Fiorini, L.; Fuster, J.; Garcia, C.; Navarro, J. E. Garcia; De la Hoz, S. Gonzalez; Jimenez, Y. Hernandez; Higon-Rodriguez, E.; Quiles, A. Irles; Kaci, M.; Lacasta, C.; Lacuesta, V. R.; Marti-Garcia, S.; Miller, R. J.; Mincer, A. I.; Mitsou, V. A.; Moles-Valls, R.; Llacer, M. Moreno; Garcia, E. Oliver; Lopez, S. Pedraza; Garcia-Estan, M. T. Perez; Adam, E. Romero; Ros, E.; Salt, J.; Martinez, V. Sanchez; Solans, C. A.; Soldevila, U.; Sanchez, J.; Pastor, E. Torro; Valero, A.; Gallego, E. Valladolid; Ferrer, J. A. Valls; Perez, M. Villaplana; Vos, M.] CSIC, Valencia, Spain. [Astbury, A.; Axen, D.; Gay, C.; Gecse, Z.; Loh, C. W.; Migas, S.; Swedish, S.; Viel, S.] Univ British Columbia, Dept Phys, Vancouver, BC, Canada. [Albert, J.; Astbury, A.; Bansal, V.; Berghaus, F.; Courneyea, L.; Fincke-Keeler, M.; Keeler, R.; Kowalewski, R.; Lefebvre, M.; Lessard, J-R.; Marino, C. P.; Martyniuk, A. C.; McPherson, R. A.; Ouellette, E. A.; Plamondon, M.; Sobie, R.] Univ Victoria, Dept Phys & Astron, Victoria, BC, Canada. [Farrington, S. M.; Jones, G.] Univ Warwick, Dept Phys, Coventry CV4 7AL, W Midlands, England. [Kimura, N.; Yorita, K.] Waseda Univ, Tokyo, Japan. [Alon, R.; Barak, L.; Bressler, S.; Citron, Z. H.; Duchovni, E.; Frank, T.; Gabizon, O.; Gross, E.; Groth-Jensen, J.; Klier, A.; Lellouch, D.; Levinson, L. J.; Meyer, T. C.; Mikenberg, G.; Mikuz, M.; Roth, I.; Silbert, O.; Smakhtin, V.; Vitells, O.] Weizmann Inst Sci, Dept Particle Phys, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel. [Asfandiyarov, R.; Banerjee, Sw.; Montoya, G. D. Carrillo; Hernandez, A. M. Castaneda; Castaneda-Miranda, E.; Chen, X.; Di Mattia, A.; Dos Anjos, A.; Fang, Y.; Castillo, L. R. Flores; Gonzalez, S.; Gutzwiller, O.; Ji, H.; Ju, X.; Kashif, L.; Li, H.; Ma, L. L.; Garcia, B. R. Mellado; Milstein, D.; Ming, Y.; Pan, Y. B.; Morales, M. I. Pedraza; Quayle, W. B.; Sarangi, T.; Waller, P.; Wang, H.; Wiedenmann, W.; Wu, S. L.; Zobernig, G.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Barisonzi, M.; Becker, A. K.; Becks, K. H.; Boek, J.; Braun, H. M.; Cornelissen, T.; Duda, D.; Fleischmann, S.; Flick, T.; Gerlach, P.; Glitza, K. W.; Gorfine, G.; Hamacher, K.; Harenberg, T.; Henss, T.; Hirschbuehl, D.; Kalinin, S.; Kersten, S.; Khoroshilov, A.; Kohlmann, S.; Lantzsch, K.; Lenzen, G.; Maettig, P.; Mechtel, M.; Neumann, M.; Pataraia, S.; Sandhoff, M.; Sartisohn, G.; Schultes, J.; Sturm, P.; Voss, T. T.; Wagner, W.; Wahlen, H.; Wicke, D.; Zeitnitz, C.] Berg Univ Wuppertal, Fachbereich Phys C, Wuppertal, Germany. [Fleischmann, P.; Merritt, H.; Redelbach, A.; Siragusa, G.; Stroehmer, R.; Trefzger, T.] Univ Wurzburg, Fak Phys & Astron, Wurzburg, Germany. [Adelman, J.; Baker, O. K.; Bedikian, S.; Almenar, C. Cuenca; Czyczula, Z.; Demers, S.; Garberson, F.; Golling, T.; Guest, D.; Lee, L.; Loginov, A.; Sherman, D.; Tipton, P.; Wall, R.; Walsh, B.] Yale Univ, Dept Phys, New Haven, CT USA. 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Do Valle] Univ Nova Lisboa, Dep Fis, Caparica, Portugal. [Wemans, A. Do Valle] Univ Nova Lisboa, CEFITEC, Fac Ciencias & Tecnol, Caparica, Portugal. [Dobson, E.] UCL, Dept Phys & Astron, London, England. [Guler, H.] Univ Montreal, Grp Particle Phys, Montreal, PQ, Canada. [Hamiltonb, A.] Univ Cape Town, Dept Phys, ZA-7925 Cape Town, South Africa. [Huseynov, N.] Azerbaijan Acad Sci, Inst Phys, Baku 370143, Azerbaijan. [Kono, T.; Wildt, M. A.] Univ Hamburg, Inst Expt Phys, Hamburg, Germany. [Konoplich, R.] Manhattan Coll, New York, NY USA. [Li, H.; Meng, Z.] Shandong Univ, Sch Phys, Jinan, Shandong, Peoples R China. [Beau, T.; Bomben, M.; Bordoni, S.; Calderini, G.; Cavalleri, P.; Chareyre, E.; Davignon, O.; De Cecco, S.; Derue, F.; Krasny, M. W.; Kuna, M.; Lacour, D.; Laforge, B.; Laplace, S.; Le Dortz, O.; Marchiori, G.; Nikolic-Audit, I.; Ocariz, J.; Ridel, M.; Roos, L.; Schwemling, Ph.; Theveneaux-Pelzer, T.; Torres, H.; Trincaz-Duvoid, S.; Vannucci, F.] CNRS IN2P3, Paris, France. [Liang, Z.; Soh, D. A.; Weng, Z.] Sun Yat Sen Univ, Sch Phys & Engn, Guangzhou, Peoples R China. [Lin, S. C.; Wangb, H.; Zhangb, D.] Acad Sinica, Inst Phys, Taipei, Taiwan. [Meoni, E.] Univ Roma La Sapienza, Dipartimento Fis, Rome, Italy. [Xub, C.] CEA Saclay, DSM IRFU Inst Rech Lois Fondamentales Univers, Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Nessi, M.] Univ Geneva, Sect Phys, Geneva, Switzerland. [Onofrea, A.] Univ Minho, Dept Fis, Braga, Portugal. [Park, W.; Purohit, M.] Univ S Carolina, Dept Phys & Astron, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. [Pasztor, G.; Toth, J.] Wigner Res Ctr Phys, Inst Particle & Nucl Phys, Budapest, Hungary. [Perez, K.] CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Richter-Was, E.] Jagiellonian Univ, Inst Phys, Krakow, Poland. [Ruana, X.] Univ Paris 11, LAL, Orsay, France. [Ruana, X.] CNRS IN2P3, Orsay, France. [Spoustaa, M.] Columbia Univ, Nevis Lab, Irvington, NY USA. [Tsionou, D.] Univ Sheffield, Dept Phys & Astron, Sheffield, S Yorkshire, England. [Vickeyb, T.] Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, Oxford, England. [Wub, Y.] Univ Michigan, Dept Phys, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Yacooba, S.] Univ KwaZulu Natal, Discipline Phys, Durban, South Africa. [Aguilar-Saavedra, J. A.] Lab Instrumentacao & Fis Expt Particulas LIP, Lisbon, Portugal. [Apolle, R.; Davies, E.; Mattravers, C.; Nash, M.] Rutherford Appleton Lab, Particle Phys Dept, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. [Azuelos, G.; Gingrich, D. M.; Oakham, F. G.; Savard, P.; Vetterli, M. C.] TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada. RP Aad, G (reprint author), Univ Freiburg, Fak Mathemat & Phys, Hugstetter Str 55, D-79106 Freiburg, Germany. RI Grancagnolo, Francesco/K-2857-2015; Korol, Aleksandr/A-6244-2014; Karyukhin, Andrey/J-3904-2014; Fassi, Farida/F-3571-2016; Vanadia, Marco/K-5870-2016; Mora Herrera, Maria Clemencia/L-3893-2016; Prokoshin, Fedor/E-2795-2012; KHODINOV, ALEKSANDR/D-6269-2015; Goncalo, Ricardo/M-3153-2016; Gauzzi, Paolo/D-2615-2009; Chekulaev, Sergey/O-1145-2015; Solodkov, Alexander/B-8623-2017; Zaitsev, Alexandre/B-8989-2017; Yang, Haijun/O-1055-2015; Monzani, Simone/D-6328-2017; Mashinistov, Ruslan/M-8356-2015; Booth, Christopher/B-5263-2016; Gonzalez de la Hoz, Santiago/E-2494-2016; Guo, Jun/O-5202-2015; Smirnova, Oxana/A-4401-2013; Aguilar Saavedra, Juan Antonio/F-1256-2016; Leyton, Michael/G-2214-2016; Jones, Roger/H-5578-2011; Vranjes Milosavljevic, Marija/F-9847-2016; SULIN, VLADIMIR/N-2793-2015; Nechaeva, Polina/N-1148-2015; Olshevskiy, Alexander/I-1580-2016; Mir, Lluisa-Maria/G-7212-2015; Della Pietra, Massimo/J-5008-2012; Cavalli-Sforza, Matteo/H-7102-2015; Ferrer, Antonio/H-2942-2015; Hansen, John/B-9058-2015; Grancagnolo, Sergio/J-3957-2015; Shmeleva, Alevtina/M-6199-2015; Camarri, Paolo/M-7979-2015; Gavrilenko, Igor/M-8260-2015; Tikhomirov, Vladimir/M-6194-2015; Gorelov, Igor/J-9010-2015; Gladilin, Leonid/B-5226-2011; Staroba, Pavel/G-8850-2014; Kupco, Alexander/G-9713-2014; Snesarev, Andrey/H-5090-2013; Svatos, Michal/G-8437-2014; Chudoba, Jiri/G-7737-2014; Peleganchuk, Sergey/J-6722-2014; Santamarina Rios, Cibran/K-4686-2014; Lei, Xiaowen/O-4348-2014; Demirkoz, Bilge/C-8179-2014; Mitsou, Vasiliki/D-1967-2009; Joergensen, Morten/E-6847-2015; Riu, Imma/L-7385-2014; Castro, Nuno/D-5260-2011; Wolters, Helmut/M-4154-2013; Warburton, Andreas/N-8028-2013; De, Kaushik/N-1953-2013; Sukharev, Andrey/A-6470-2014; O'Shea, Val/G-1279-2010; Lee, Jason/B-9701-2014; Robson, Aidan/G-1087-2011; Villa, Mauro/C-9883-2009; Kepka, Oldrich/G-6375-2014; Nemecek, Stanislav/G-5931-2014; Jakoubek, Tomas/G-8644-2014; Lokajicek, Milos/G-7800-2014; Annovi, Alberto/G-6028-2012; Amorim, Antonio/C-8460-2013; Solfaroli Camillocci, Elena/J-1596-2012; Vanyashin, Aleksandr/H-7796-2013; Casadei, Diego/I-1785-2013; La Rosa, Alessandro/I-1856-2013; Moraes, Arthur/F-6478-2010; Smirnov, Sergei/F-1014-2011; Conde Muino, Patricia/F-7696-2011; Boyko, Igor/J-3659-2013; Kartvelishvili, Vakhtang/K-2312-2013; Dawson, Ian/K-6090-2013; Marti-Garcia, Salvador/F-3085-2011; Wemans, Andre/A-6738-2012; Doyle, Anthony/C-5889-2009; Alexa, Calin/F-6345-2010; Gutierrez, Phillip/C-1161-2011; Bergeaas Kuutmann, Elin/A-5204-2013; messina, andrea/C-2753-2013; Weigell, Philipp/I-9356-2012; Moorhead, Gareth/B-6634-2009; Ma, Hong/F-2725-2011; Kramarenko, Victor/E-1781-2012; Ferrando, James/A-9192-2012; Veneziano, Stefano/J-1610-2012; Orlov, Ilya/E-6611-2012 OI Grancagnolo, Francesco/0000-0002-9367-3380; Korol, Aleksandr/0000-0001-8448-218X; Maio, Amelia/0000-0001-9099-0009; Fiolhais, Miguel/0000-0001-9035-0335; Karyukhin, Andrey/0000-0001-9087-4315; Anjos, Nuno/0000-0002-0018-0633; Doria, Alessandra/0000-0002-5381-2649; Veloso, Filipe/0000-0002-5956-4244; Gomes, Agostinho/0000-0002-5940-9893; Fassi, Farida/0000-0002-6423-7213; Santos, Helena/0000-0003-1710-9291; Vanadia, Marco/0000-0003-2684-276X; Mora Herrera, Maria Clemencia/0000-0003-3915-3170; Prokoshin, Fedor/0000-0001-6389-5399; KHODINOV, ALEKSANDR/0000-0003-3551-5808; Goncalo, Ricardo/0000-0002-3826-3442; Gauzzi, Paolo/0000-0003-4841-5822; Solodkov, Alexander/0000-0002-2737-8674; Zaitsev, Alexandre/0000-0002-4961-8368; Monzani, Simone/0000-0002-0479-2207; Mashinistov, Ruslan/0000-0001-7925-4676; Booth, Christopher/0000-0002-6051-2847; Gonzalez de la Hoz, Santiago/0000-0001-5304-5390; Guo, Jun/0000-0001-8125-9433; Smirnova, Oxana/0000-0003-2517-531X; Aguilar Saavedra, Juan Antonio/0000-0002-5475-8920; Leyton, Michael/0000-0002-0727-8107; Jones, Roger/0000-0002-6427-3513; Vranjes Milosavljevic, Marija/0000-0003-4477-9733; SULIN, VLADIMIR/0000-0003-3943-2495; Olshevskiy, Alexander/0000-0002-8902-1793; Mir, Lluisa-Maria/0000-0002-4276-715X; Della Pietra, Massimo/0000-0003-4446-3368; Ferrer, Antonio/0000-0003-0532-711X; Hansen, John/0000-0002-8422-5543; Grancagnolo, Sergio/0000-0001-8490-8304; Camarri, Paolo/0000-0002-5732-5645; Tikhomirov, Vladimir/0000-0002-9634-0581; Gorelov, Igor/0000-0001-5570-0133; Gladilin, Leonid/0000-0001-9422-8636; Svatos, Michal/0000-0002-7199-3383; Peleganchuk, Sergey/0000-0003-0907-7592; Santamarina Rios, Cibran/0000-0002-9810-1816; Lei, Xiaowen/0000-0002-2564-8351; Mitsou, Vasiliki/0000-0002-1533-8886; Joergensen, Morten/0000-0002-6790-9361; Riu, Imma/0000-0002-3742-4582; Castro, Nuno/0000-0001-8491-4376; Wolters, Helmut/0000-0002-9588-1773; Warburton, Andreas/0000-0002-2298-7315; De, Kaushik/0000-0002-5647-4489; O'Shea, Val/0000-0001-7183-1205; Lee, Jason/0000-0002-2153-1519; Villa, Mauro/0000-0002-9181-8048; Annovi, Alberto/0000-0002-4649-4398; Solfaroli Camillocci, Elena/0000-0002-5347-7764; Vanyashin, Aleksandr/0000-0002-0367-5666; La Rosa, Alessandro/0000-0001-6291-2142; Moraes, Arthur/0000-0002-5157-5686; Smirnov, Sergei/0000-0002-6778-073X; Conde Muino, Patricia/0000-0002-9187-7478; Boyko, Igor/0000-0002-3355-4662; Wemans, Andre/0000-0002-9669-9500; Doyle, Anthony/0000-0001-6322-6195; Moorhead, Gareth/0000-0002-9299-9549; Ferrando, James/0000-0002-1007-7816; Veneziano, Stefano/0000-0002-2598-2659; Orlov, Ilya/0000-0003-4073-0326 FU ANPCyT, Argentina; YerPhI, Australia; Armenia, Australia; ARC, Australia; BMWF, Austria; ANAS, Azerbaijan; SSTC, Belarus; CNPq, Brazil; FAPESP, Brazil; NSERC, Canada; NRC, Canada; CFI, Canada; CERN; CONICYT, Chile; CAS, China; MOST, China; NSFC, China; COLCIEN-CIAS, Colombia; MSMT CR, Czech Republic; MPO CR, Czech Republic; VSC CR, Czech Republic; DNRF, Denmark; DNSRC, Denmark; Lundbeck Foundation, Denmark; EPLANET; ERC, European Union; IN2P3-CNRS, France; CEA-DSM/IRFU, France; GNAS, Georgia; BMBF, Germany; DFG, Germany; HGF, Germany; MPG, Germany; AvH Foundation, Germany; GSRT, Greece; ISF, Israel; MINERVA, Israel; GIF, Israel; DIP, Israel; Benoziyo Center, Israel; INFN, Italy; MEXT, Japan; JSPS, Japan; CNRST, Morocco; FOM, Netherlands; NWO, Netherlands; RCN, Norway; MNiSW, Poland; GRICES, Portugal; FCT, Portugal; MERYS (MECTS), Romania; MES of Russia; ROSATOM, Russian Federation; JINR; MSTD, Serbia; MSSR, Slovakia; ARRS, Slovenia; MVZT, Slovenia; DST/NRF, South Africa; MICINN, Spain; SRC, Sweden; Wallenberg Foundation, Sweden; SER, Switzerland; SNSF, Switzerland; Canton of Bern, Switzerland; Canton of Geneva, Switzerland; NSC, Taiwan; TAEK, Turkey; STFC, United Kingdom; Royal Society, United Kingdom; Leverhulme Trust, United Kingdom; DOE, United States of America; NSF, United States of America FX We acknowledge the support of ANPCyT, Argentina; YerPhI, Armenia; ARC, Australia; BMWF, Austria; ANAS, Azerbaijan; SSTC, Belarus; CNPq and FAPESP, Brazil; NSERC, NRC and CFI, Canada; CERN; CONICYT, Chile; CAS, MOST and NSFC, China; COLCIEN-CIAS, Colombia; MSMT CR, MPO CR and VSC CR, Czech Republic; DNRF, DNSRC and Lundbeck Foundation, Denmark; EPLANET and ERC, European Union; IN2P3-CNRS, CEA-DSM/IRFU, France; GNAS, Georgia; BMBF, DFG, HGF, MPG and AvH Foundation, Germany; GSRT, Greece; ISF, MINERVA, GIF, DIP and Benoziyo Center, Israel; INFN, Italy; MEXT and JSPS, Japan; CNRST, Morocco; FOM and NWO, Netherlands; RCN, Norway; MNiSW, Poland; GRICES and FCT, Portugal; MERYS (MECTS), Romania; MES of Russia and ROSATOM, Russian Federation; JINR; MSTD, Serbia; MSSR, Slovakia; ARRS and MVZT, Slovenia; DST/NRF, South Africa; MICINN, Spain; SRC and Wallenberg Foundation, Sweden; SER, SNSF and Cantons of Bern and Geneva, Switzerland; NSC, Taiwan; TAEK, Turkey; STFC, the Royal Society and Leverhulme Trust, United Kingdom; DOE and NSF, United States of America. NR 37 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 2 U2 90 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1434-6044 EI 1434-6052 J9 EUR PHYS J C JI Eur. Phys. J. C PD OCT PY 2012 VL 72 IS 10 AR 2173 DI 10.1140/epjc/s10052-012-2173-0 PG 24 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 030ZQ UT WOS:000310609100025 ER PT J AU Aad, G Abajyan, T Abbott, B Abdallah, J Khalek, SA Abdelalim, AA Abdinov, O Aben, R Abi, B Abolins, M AbouZeid, OS Abramowicz, H Abreu, H Acerbi, E Acharya, BS Adamczyk, L Adams, DL Addy, TN Adelman, J Adomeit, S Adragna, P Adye, T Aefsky, S Aguilar-Saavedra, JA Agustoni, M Aharrouche, M Ahlen, SP Ahles, F Ahmad, A Ahsan, M Aielli, G Akdogan, T Akesson, TPA Akimoto, G Akimov, AV Alam, MS Alam, MA Al-Bert, J Albrand, S Aleksa, M Aleksandrov, IN Alessandria, F Alexa, C Alexander, G Alexandre, G Alexopoulos, T Alhroob, M Aliev, M Alimonti, G Alison, J Allbrooke, BMM Allport, PP Allwood-Spiers, SE Almond, J Aloisio, A Alon, R Alonso, A Alonso, F Gonzalez, BA Alviggi, MG Amako, K Amelung, C Ammosov, VV Amorim, A Amram, N Anastopoulos, C Ancu, LS Andari, N Andeen, T Anders, CF Anders, G Anderson, KJ Andreazza, A Andrei, V Anduaga, 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Zenz, S. Zerwas, D. della Porta, G. Zevi Zhan, Z. Zhang, D. Zhang, H. Zhang, J. Zhang, X. Zhang, Z. Zhao, L. Zhao, T. Zhao, Z. Zhemchugov, A. Zhong, J. Zhou, B. Zhou, N. Zhou, Y. Zhu, C. G. Zhu, H. Zhu, J. Zhu, Y. Zhuang, X. Zhuravlov, V. Zieminska, D. Zimin, N. I. Zimmermann, R. Zimmermann, S. Zimmermann, S. Ziolkowski, M. Zitoun, R. Zivkovic, L. Zmouchko, V. V. Zobernig, G. Zoccoli, A. zur Nedden, M. Zutshi, V. Zwalinski, L. CA ATLAS Collaboration TI Search for top and bottom squarks from gluino pair production in final states with missing transverse energy and at least three b-jets with the ATLAS detector SO EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL C LA English DT Article ID DYNAMICAL SYMMETRY-BREAKING; SUPERGAUGE TRANSFORMATIONS; SUPERSYMMETRY; MODEL; CURRENTS; QUARKS; PIONS; WEAK AB This letter reports the results of a search for top and bottom squarks from gluino pair production in 4.7 fb(-1) of pp collisions at root s = 7 TeV using the ATLAS detector at the LHC. 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C.; Michal, S.; Morley, A. K.; Mornacchi, G.; Muenstermann, D.; Nairz, A. M.; Nakahama, Y.; Negri, G.; Nessi, M.; Nicquevert, B.; Nordberg, M.; Ohm, C. C.; Palestini, S.; Pauly, T.; Pernegger, H.; Peters, K.; Petersen, B. A.; Petersen, J.; Piacquadio, G.; Pommes, K.; Poppleton, A.; Bueso, X. Portell; Poulard, G.; Prasad, S.; Raymond, M.; Rembser, C.; Roda Dos Santos, D.; Roe, S.; Salek, D.; Salzburger, A.; Savu, D. O.; Schlenker, S.; Schott, M.; Sfyrla, A.; Shimizu, S.; Spigo, G.; Spiwoks, R.; Stewart, G. A.; Ten Kate, H.; Torchiani, I.; Tremblet, L.; Tricoli, A.; Tsarouchas, C.; Unal, G.; van der Ster, D.; van Eldik, N.; Vandelli, W.; Veness, R.; Vinek, E.; Voss, R.; Vuillermet, R.; Wells, P. S.; Wengler, T.; Wenig, S.; Werner, P.; Wilkens, H. G.; Winklmeier, F.; Wotschack, J.; Byszewski, M.; Zajacova, Z.; Zwalinski, L.] CERN, Geneva, Switzerland. [Anderson, K. J.; Boveia, A.; Canelli, F.; Choudalakis, G.; Costin, T.; Fiascaris, M.; Gardner, R. W.; Plante, I. 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Camacho; Cinca, D.; Donini, J.; Febbraro, R.; Ghodbane, N.; Guicheney, C.; Liao, H.; Pallin, D.; Paredes Hernandez, D.; Podlyski, F.; Santoni, C.; Vazeille, F.] Univ Clermont Ferrand, Phys Corpusculaire Lab, Aubiere, France. [Boumediene, D.; Busato, E.; Calvet, D.; Calvet, S.; Toro, R. Camacho; Cinca, D.; Donini, J.; Febbraro, R.; Ghodbane, N.; Guicheney, C.; Liao, H.; Pallin, D.; Paredes Hernandez, D.; Podlyski, F.; Santoni, C.; Vazeille, F.] Univ Clermont Ferrand, Aubiere, France. [Boumediene, D.; Busato, E.; Calvet, D.; Calvet, S.; Toro, R. Camacho; Cinca, D.; Donini, J.; Febbraro, R.; Ghodbane, N.; Guicheney, C.; Liao, H.; Pallin, D.; Paredes Hernandez, D.; Podlyski, F.; Santoni, C.; Vazeille, F.] CNRS, IN2P3, Aubiere, France. [Andeen, T.; Angerami, A.; Brooijmans, G.; Chen, Y.; Dodd, J.; Grau, N.; Guo, J.; Hughes, E. W.; Nikiforou, N.; Parsons, J. A.; Penson, A.; Perez, K.; Perez Reale, V.; Scherzer, M. I.; Thompson, E. N.; Tian, F.; Tuts, P. M.; Urbaniec, D.; Williams, E.; Willis, W.; Wulf, E.; Zivkovic, L.] Columbia Univ, Nevis Lab, Irvington, NY USA. [Boelaert, N.; Dam, M.; Gregersen, K.; Hansen, J. R.; Hansen, J. B.; Hansen, J. D.; Hansen, P. H.; Heisterkamp, S.; Jakobsen, S.; Jez, P.; Joergensen, M. D.; Kadlecik, P.; Klinkby, E. B.; Lundquist, J.; Mackeprang, R.; Petersen, T. C.; Simonyan, M.; Thomsen, L. A.; Xella, S.] Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, Copenhagen, Denmark. [Capua, M.; Crosetti, G.; Fazio, S.; La Rotonda, L.; Lavorini, V.; Morello, G.; Salvatore, D.; Schioppa, M.; Susinno, G.; Tassi, E.] INFN Grp Collegato Cosenza, Arcavacata Di Rende, Italy. [Capua, M.; Crosetti, G.; Fazio, S.; La Rotonda, L.; Lavorini, V.; Morello, G.; Policicchio, A.; Salvatore, D.; Schioppa, M.; Susinno, G.; Tassi, E.] Univ Calabria, Dipartimento Fis, Arcavacata Di Rende, Italy. [Adamczyk, L.; Bold, T.; Dabrowski, W.; Dwuznik, M.; Grabowska-Bold, I.; Kisielewska, D.; Koperny, S.; Kowalski, T. 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S.; Goncalves Pinto Firmino Da Costa, J.; Gosdzik, B.; Grahn, K-J.; Gregor, I. M.; Hiller, K. H.; Husemann, U.; Belenguer, M. Jimenez; Johnert, S.; Karnevskiy, M.; Katzy, J.; Kono, T.; Kuhl, T.; Lange, C.; Lobodzinska, E.; Ludwig, D.; Maettig, S.; Medinnis, M.; Monig, K.; Naumann, T.; Cavalcanti, T. Perez; Petschull, D.; Piec, S. M.; Radescu, V.; Rubinskiy, I.; Sedov, G.; Stanescu-Bellu, M.; Starovoitov, P.; Styles, N. A.; Tackmann, K.; Vankov, P.; Viti, M.; Wasicki, C.; Wildt, M. A.; Zhu, H.] DESY, D-2000 Hamburg, Germany. [Kuutmann, E. Bergeaas; Dassoulas, J. A.; Dietrich, J.; Ehrenfeld, W.; Ferrara, V.; Fischer, G.; Friedrich, C.; Glazov, A.; Goebel, M.; Gomez Fajardo, L. S.; Goncalves Pinto Firmino Da Costa, J.; Gosdzik, B.; Grahn, K-J.; Gregor, I. M.; Hiller, K. H.; Husemann, U.; Belenguer, M. Jimenez; Johnert, S.; Karnevskiy, M.; Katzy, J.; Kono, T.; Kuhl, T.; Lange, C.; Lobodzinska, E.; Ludwig, D.; Maettig, S.; Medinnis, M.; Monig, K.; Naumann, T.; Cavalcanti, T. Perez; Petschull, D.; Piec, S. M.; Radescu, V.; Rubinskiy, I.; Sedov, G.; Stanescu-Bellu, M.; Starovoitov, P.; Styles, N. A.; Tackmann, K.; Vankov, P.; Viti, M.; Wasicki, C.; Wildt, M. A.; Zhu, H.] DESY, Zeuthen, Germany. [Bunse, M.; Esch, H.; Goessling, C.; Hirsch, F.; Jung, C. A.; Klingenberg, R.; Reisinger, I.] Tech Univ Dortmund, Inst Expt Phys 4, Dortmund, Germany. [Anger, P.; Czodrowski, P.; Friedrich, F.; Goepfert, T.; Kobel, M.; Leonhardt, K.; Ludwig, A.; Mader, W. F.; Morgenstern, M.; Prudent, X.; Rudolph, C.; Schnoor, U.; Schwierz, R.; Seifert, F.; Steinbach, P.; Straessner, A.; Vest, A.; Wahrmund, S.] Tech Univ Dresden, Inst Kern & Teilchenphys, D-01062 Dresden, Germany. [Arce, A. T. H.; Benjamin, D. P.; Bocci, A.; Ko, B. R.; Kotwal, A.; Oh, S. H.; Wang, C.; Yamaoka, J.] Duke Univ, Dept Phys, Durham, NC 27706 USA. [Bhimji, W.; Buckley, A. G.; Clark, P. J.; Debenedetti, C.; Harrington, R. D.; Martin, V. J.; O'Brien, B. J.; Selbach, K. E.; Smart, B. H.; Washbrook, A.; Wynne, B. M.] Univ Edinburgh, SUPA Sch Phys & Astron, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland. [Annovi, A.; Antonelli, M.; Bilokon, H.; Cerutti, F.; Curatolo, M.; Di Nardo, R.; Esposito, B.; Gatti, C.; Laurelli, P.; Maccarrone, G.; Sansoni, A.; Testa, M.; Vilucchi, E.; Volpi, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy. [Aad, G.; Anisenkov, A.; Annovi, A.; Antonov, A.; Barber, T.; Bernhard, R.; Bitenc, U.; Boehler, M.; Bruneliere, R.; Christov, A.; Consorti, V.; Fehling-Kaschek, M.; Flechl, M.; Glatzer, J.; Hartert, J.; Herten, G.; Horner, S.; Jakobs, K.; Janus, M.; Kollefrath, M.; Kononov, A. I.; Kuehn, S.; Lai, S.; Landgraf, U.; Lohwasser, K.; Ludwig, I.; Ludwig, J.; Lumb, D.; Mahboubi, K.; Mohr, W.; Parzefall, U.; Rammensee, M.; Rave, T. C.; Rurikova, Z.; Schmidt, E.; Schumacher, M.; Siegert, F.; Stoerig, K.; Sundermann, J. E.; Temming, K. K.; Thoma, S.; Tsiskaridze, V.; Venturi, M.; Vivarelli, I.; von Radziewski, H.; Anh, T. Vu; Warsinsky, M.; Weiser, C.; Werner, M.; Wiik-Fuchs, L. A. M.; Winkelmann, S.; Xie, S.; Zimmermann, S.] Univ Freiburg, Fak Math & Phys, D-79106 Freiburg, Germany. [Abdelalim, A. A.; Alexandre, G.; Backes, M.; Barone, G.; Bell, P. J.; Bell, W. H.; Noccioli, E. Benhar; Blondel, A.; Bucci, F.; Clark, A.; Dao, V.; Doglioni, C.; Ferrere, D.; Fukunaga, C.; Gonzalez-Sevilla, S.; Goulette, M. P.; Iacobucci, G.; La Rosa, A.; Lister, A.; Latour, B. Martin Dit; Mermod, P.; Herrera, C. Mora; Nektarijevic, S.; Nikolics, K.; Pasztor, G.; Picazio, A.; Pohl, M.; Rosbach, K.; Rosselet, L.; Wu, X.] Univ Geneva, Sect Phys, Geneva, Switzerland. [Barberis, D.; Beccherle, R.; Caso, C.; Dameri, M.; Darbo, G.; Parodi, A. Ferretto; Torregrosa, E. Fullana; Gemme, C.; Morettini, P.; Osculati, B.; Passaggio, S.; Rossi, L. P.; Schiavi, C.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Genova, I-16146 Genoa, Italy. [Barberis, D.; Caso, C.; Dameri, M.; Parodi, A. Ferretto; Torregrosa, E. Fullana; Osculati, B.; Schiavi, C.] Univ Genoa, Dipartimento Fis, Genoa, Italy. [Chikovani, L.; Mchedlidze, G.; Tskhadadzea, E. G.] Tbilisi State Univ, E Andronikashvili Inst Phys, GE-380086 Tbilisi, Rep of Georgia. [Djobava, T.; Khubua, J.; Mchedlidze, G.; Mosidze, M.] Tbilisi State Univ, Inst High Energy Phys, Tbilisi, Rep of Georgia. [Dueren, M.] Univ Giessen, Inst Phys 2, D-6300 Giessen, Germany. [Allwood-Spiers, S. E.; Bates, R. L.; Britton, D.; Bussey, P.; Buttar, C. M.; Collins-Tooth, C.; D'Auria, S.; Doherty, T.; Doyle, A. T.; Edwards, N. C.; Ferrag, S.; Ferrando, J.; de Lima, D. E. Ferreira; Gemmell, A.; Gul, U.; Kar, D.; Kenyon, M.; Moraes, A.; O'Shea, V.; Oropeza Barrera, C.; Robson, A.; Saxon, D. H.; Smith, K. M.; St Denis, R. D.; Steele, G.; Thompson, A. S.; Wraight, K.; Wright, C.; Wright, M.] Univ Glasgow, SUPA Sch Phys & Astron, Glasgow, Lanark, Scotland. [Bierwagen, K.; Blumenschein, U.; Brandt, O.; Erdmann, J.; Evangelakou, D.; George, M.; Grosse-Knetter, J.; Guindon, S.; Haller, J.; Hamer, M.; Henrichs, A.; Hensel, C.; Keil, M.; Knue, A.; Kohn, F.; Krieger, N.; Kroeninger, K.; Lemmer, B.; Magradze, E.; Mann, A.; Meyer, J.; Morel, J.; Pashapour, S.; Quadt, A.; Roe, A.; Schorlemmer, A. L. S.; Serkin, L.; Shabalina, E.; Uhrmacher, M.; Schroeder, T. Vazquez; Weber, P.; Weingarten, J.] Univ Gottingen, Inst Phys 2, Gottingen, Germany. [Albrand, S.; Buat, Q.; Clement, B.; Collot, J.; Crepe-Renaudin, S.; Dechenaux, B.; Delemontex, T.; Delsart, P. A.; Genest, M. H.; Hostachy, J-Y.; Laisne, E.; Ledroit-Guillon, F.; Lleres, A.; Lucotte, A.; Malek, F.; Stark, J.; Sun, X.; Wang, J.; Weydert, C.] Univ Grenoble 1, Lab Phys Subatom & Cosmol, Grenoble, France. [Albrand, S.; Buat, Q.; Clement, B.; Collot, J.; Crepe-Renaudin, S.; Dechenaux, B.; Delemontex, T.; Delsart, P. A.; Genest, M. H.; Hostachy, J-Y.; Laisne, E.; Ledroit-Guillon, F.; Lleres, A.; Lucotte, A.; Malek, F.; Stark, J.; Sun, X.; Wang, J.; Weydert, C.] CNRS, IN2P3, Grenoble, France. [Albrand, S.; Buat, Q.; Clement, B.; Collot, J.; Crepe-Renaudin, S.; Dechenaux, B.; Delemontex, T.; Delsart, P. A.; Genest, M. H.; Hostachy, J-Y.; Laisne, E.; Ledroit-Guillon, F.; Lleres, A.; Lucotte, A.; Malek, F.; Stark, J.; Sun, X.; Wang, J.; Weydert, C.] Inst Natl Polytech Grenoble, F-38031 Grenoble, France. [Addy, T. N.; Harvey, A.; McFarlane, K. W.; Shin, T.; Vassilakopoulos, V. I.] Hampton Univ, Dept Phys, Hampton, VA 23668 USA. [Guimaraes da Costa, J. Barreiro; Belloni, A.; Catastini, P.; Conti, G.; Huth, J.; Jeanty, L.; Kagan, M.; Mateos, D. Lopez; Outschoorn, V. Martinez; Mercurio, K. M.; Mills, C.; Morii, M.; Skottowe, H. P.; Smith, B. C.; della Porta, G. Zevi] Harvard Univ, Lab Particle Phys & Cosmol, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Anders, G.; Andrei, V.; Davygora, Y.; Geweniger, C.; Hanke, P.; Henke, M.; Khomich, A.; Kluge, E. -E.; Lang, V. S.; Lendermann, V.; Lepold, F.; Meier, K.; Mueller, F.; Poddar, S.; Scharf, V.; Schultz-Coulon, H. -C.; Stamen, R.; Wessels, M.] Heidelberg Univ, Kirchhoff Inst Phys, Heidelberg, Germany. [Anders, C. F.; Kasieczka, G.; Narayan, R.; Schaetzel, S.; Schmitt, S.; Schoening, A.] Heidelberg Univ, Inst Phys, D-6900 Heidelberg, Germany. [Kugel, A.; Maenner, R.; Schroer, N.] Heidelberg Univ, ZITI Inst Tech Informat, D-6800 Mannheim, Germany. [Nagasaka, Y.] Hiroshima Inst Technol, Fac Appl Informat Sci, Hiroshima, Japan. [Brunet, S.; Cwetanski, P.; Evans, H.; Fulsom, B. G.; Jain, V.; Luehring, F.; Ogren, H.; Penwell, J.; Poveda, J.; Price, D.; Whittington, D.; Yang, Y.; Zieminska, D.] Indiana Univ, Dept Phys, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. [Epp, B.; Jussel, P.; Kneringer, E.; Kuhn, D.; Lukas, W.; Rudolph, G.] Leopold Franzens Univ, Inst Astro & Teilchenphys, Innsbruck, Austria. [Limper, M.; Mallik, U.; Pylypchenko, Y.; Zaidan, R.] Univ Iowa, Iowa City, IA USA. [Chen, C.; Cochran, J.; De Lorenzi, F.; Dudziak, F.; Krumnack, N.; Prell, S.; Rosenberg, E. I.; Ruiz-Martinez, A.; Shrestha, S.; Yamamoto, K.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA USA. [Aleksandrov, I. N.; Bardin, D. Y.; Bednyakov, V. A.; Boyko, I. R.; Budagov, I. A.; Chelkov, G. A.; Cheplakov, A.; Chizhov, M. V.; Dedovich, D. V.; Demichev, M.; Glonti, G. L.; Gostkin, M. I.; Grigalashvili, N.; Huseynov, N.; Kalinovskaya, L. V.; Kazarinov, M. Y.; Kekelidze, G. D.; Kharchenko, D.; Khramov, E.; Kolesnikov, V.; Kotov, V. M.; Kruchonak, U.; Krumshteyn, Z. V.; Kukhtin, V.; Ladygin, E.; Minashvili, I. A.; Mineev, M.; Olchevski, A. G.; Peshekhonov, V. D.; Plotnikova, E.; Pozdnyakov, V.; Rumyantsev, L.; Rusakovich, N. A.; Sadykov, R.; Shiyakova, M.; Sisakyan, A. N.; Topilin, N. D.; Vinogradov, V. B.; Zhemchugov, A.; Zimin, N. I.] Dubna Joint Nucl Res Inst, Dubna 141980, Russia. [Amako, K.; Arai, Y.; Doi, Y.; Haruyama, T.; Ikegami, Y.; Ikeno, M.; Iwasaki, H.; Kanzaki, J.; Kohriki, T.; Kondo, T.; Makida, Y.; Manabe, A.; Mitsui, S.; Nagano, K.; Nozaki, M.; Odaka, S.; Sasaki, O.; Suzuki, Y.; Takubo, Y.; Tanaka, S.; Terada, S.; Tokushuku, K.; Tsuno, S.; Unno, Y.; Yamada, M.; Yamamoto, A.; Yasu, Y.] Natl Lab High Energy Phys, KEK, High Energy Accelerator Res Org, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan. [Hayakawa, T.; King, M.; Kishimoto, T.; Kitamura, T.; Kurashige, H.; Ochi, A.; Suzuki, Y.; Takeda, H.; Tani, K.; Watanabe, I.; Yamazaki, Y.; Yuan, L.] Kobe Univ, Grad Sch Sci, Kobe, Hyogo 657, Japan. [Ishino, M.; Sasao, N.; Sumida, T.] Kyoto Univ, Fac Sci, Kyoto, Japan. [Takashima, R.] Kyoto Univ, Kyoto 612, Japan. [Kawagoe, K.; Oda, S.; Tojo, J.] Kyushu Univ, Dept Phys, Fukuoka 812, Japan. [Alonso, F.; Anduaga, X. S.; Dova, M. T.; Monticelli, F.; Tripiana, M. F.] Univ Nacl La Plata, Inst Fis La Plata, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina. [Alonso, F.; Anduaga, X. S.; Dova, M. T.; Monticelli, F.; Tripiana, M. F.] Consejo Nacl Invest Cient & Tecn, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina. [Barton, A. E.; Borissov, G.; Bouhova-Thacker, E. V.; Chilingarov, A.; Davidson, R.; de Mora, L.; Dearnaley, W. J.; Fox, H.; Henderson, R. C. W.; Hughes, G.; Jones, R. W. L.; Kartvelishvili, V.; Long, R. E.; Love, P. A.; Maddocks, H. J.; Smizanska, M.; Walder, J.] Univ Lancaster, Dept Phys, Lancaster, England. [Bianco, M.; Cataldi, G.; Chiodini, G.; Gorini, E.; Grancagnolo, F.; Perrino, R.; Primavera, M.; Spagnolo, S.; Ventura, A.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Lecce, I-73100 Lecce, Italy. [Bianco, M.; Gorini, E.; Spagnolo, S.; Ventura, A.] Univ Salento, Dipartimento Matemat & Fis, Lecce, Italy. [Allport, P. P.; Bundock, A. C.; Burdin, S.; D'Onofrio, M.; Dervan, P.; Greenshaw, T.; Gwilliam, C. B.; Hayward, H. S.; Jackson, J. N.; Jones, T. J.; King, B. T.; Klein, M.; Klein, U.; Kluge, T.; Kretzschmar, J.; Laycock, P.; Mahmoud, S.; Maxfield, S. J.; Mehta, A.; Migas, S.; Price, J.; Sellers, G.; Vossebeld, J. H.; Waller, P.; Wrona, B.] Univ Liverpool, Oliver Lodge Lab, Liverpool L69 3BX, Merseyside, England. [Cindro, V.; Deliyergiyev, M.; Dolenc, I.; Filipcic, A.; Gorisek, A.; Kersevan, B. P.; Kramberger, G.; Macek, B.; Mandic, I.; Mikuz, M.; Tykhonov, A.] Jozef Stefan Inst, Dept Phys, Ljubljana, Slovenia. [Anisenkov, A.; Cindro, V.; Deliyergiyev, M.; Dolenc, I.; Filipcic, A.; Gorisek, A.; Kersevan, B. P.; Kramberger, G.; Macek, B.; Mandic, I.; Mikuz, M.; Tykhonov, A.] Univ Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia. [Adragna, P.; Bona, M.; Carter, A. A.; Cerrito, L.; Eisenhandler, E.; Ellis, K.; Goddard, J. R.; Landon, M. P. J.; Lloyd, S. L.; Morris, J. D.; Piccaro, E.; Poll, J.; Rizvi, E.; Salamanna, G.; Castanheira, M. Teixeira Dias; Wiglesworth, C.] Queen Mary Univ London, Sch Phys & Astron, London, England. [Alam, M. A.; Berry, T.; Boisvert, V.; Brooks, T.; Cantrill, R.; Cowan, G.; Duguid, L.; Edwards, C. A.; George, S.; Goncalo, R.; Hayden, D.; Pastore, Fr.; Rose, M.; Spano, F.; Strong, J. A.; Teixeira-Dias, P.] Royal Holloway Univ London, Dept Phys, Surrey, England. [Baker, S.; Bieniek, S. P.; Butterworth, J. M.; Campanelli, M.; Chislett, R. T.; Christidi, I. A.; Cooper, B. D.; Davison, A. R.; Hesketh, G. G.; Jansen, E.; Konstantinidis, N.; Lambourne, L.; Monk, J.; Nash, M.; Nurse, E.; Prabhu, R.; Sherwood, P.; Simmons, B.; Taylor, C.; Waugh, B. M.; Wijeratne, P. A.] UCL, Dept Phys & Astron, London, England. [Beau, T.; Bomben, M.; Bordoni, S.; Calderini, G.; Cavalleri, P.; Chareyre, E.; Davignon, O.; De Cecco, S.; Derue, F.; Krasny, M. W.; Kuna, M.; Lacour, D.; Laforge, B.; Laplace, S.; Le Dortz, O.; Marchiori, G.; Nikolic-Audit, I.; Ocariz, J.; Ridel, M.; Roos, L.; Schwemling, Ph.; Theveneaux-Pelzer, T.; Torres, H.; Trincaz-Duvoid, S.; Vannucci, F.] UPMC, Phys Theor & Hautes Energies Lab, Paris, France. [Beau, T.; Bomben, M.; Bordoni, S.; Calderini, G.; Cavalleri, P.; Chareyre, E.; Davignon, O.; De Cecco, S.; Derue, F.; Krasny, M. W.; Kuna, M.; Lacour, D.; Laforge, B.; Laplace, S.; Le Dortz, O.; Marchiori, G.; Nikolic-Audit, I.; Ocariz, J.; Ridel, M.; Roos, L.; Schwemling, Ph.; Theveneaux-Pelzer, T.; Torres, H.; Trincaz-Duvoid, S.; Vannucci, F.] Univ Paris Diderot, Paris, France. [Beau, T.; Bomben, M.; Bordoni, S.; Calderini, G.; Cavalleri, P.; Chareyre, E.; Davignon, O.; De Cecco, S.; Derue, F.; Krasny, M. W.; Kuna, M.; Lacour, D.; Laforge, B.; Laplace, S.; Le Dortz, O.; Marchiori, G.; Nikolic-Audit, I.; Ocariz, J.; Ridel, M.; Roos, L.; Schwemling, Ph.; Theveneaux-Pelzer, T.; Torres, H.; Trincaz-Duvoid, S.; Vannucci, F.] CNRS, IN2P3, Paris, France. [Akesson, T. P. A.; Alonso, A.; Bocchetta, S. S.; Floderus, A.; Hawkins, A. D.; Hedberg, V.; Jarlskog, G.; Lundberg, B.; Lytken, E.; Meirose, B.; Mjorn-Mark, J. U.; Smirnova, O.] Lund Univ, Fys Inst, Lund, Sweden. [Arnal, V.; Barreiro, F.; Cantero, J.; De la Torre, H.; Del Peso, J.; Glasman, C.; Labarga, L.; Lagouri, T.; LlorenteMerino, J.; March, L.; Terron, J.] Univ Autonoma Madrid, Dept Fis Teor C15, Madrid, Spain. [Aharrouche, M.; Arnaez, O.; Blum, W.; Buescher, V.; Caputo, R.; Eckweiler, S.; Edmonds, K.; Ellinghaus, F.; Ertel, E.; Fiedler, F.; Fleckner, J.; Goeringer, C.; Handel, C.; Hohlfeld, M.; Hsu, P. J.; Ji, W.; Kawamura, G.; Kleinknecht, K.; Koenig, S.; Koepke, L.; Lungwitz, M.; Masetti, L.; Meyer, C.; Moreno, D.; Mueller, T.; Neusiedl, A.; Sander, H. G.; Schaefer, U.; Schmitt, C.; Schroeder, C.; Simioni, E.; Tapprogge, S.; Wollstadt, S. J.] Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, D-6500 Mainz, Germany. [Almond, J.; Borri, M.; Brown, G.; Chavda, V.; Cox, B. E.; Da Via, C.; Duerdoth, I. P.; Forti, A.; Howarth, J.; Ibbotson, M.; Joshi, K. D.; Klinger, J. A.; Lane, J. L.; Loebinger, F. K.; Marx, M.; Masik, J.; Neep, T. J.; Oh, A.; Owen, M.; Pater, J. R.; Pilkington, A. D.; Robinson, J. E. M.; Schwanenberger, C.; Snow, S. W.; Watts, S.; Woudstra, M. J.; Yang, U. K.] Univ Manchester, Sch Phys & Astron, Manchester, Lancs, England. [Aoun, S.; Bee, C. P.; Bertella, C.; Bousson, N.; Clemens, J. C.; Coadou, Y.; Djama, F.; Etienne, F.; Feligioni, L.; Hoffmann, D.; Hubaut, F.; Knoops, E. B. F. G.; Le Guirriec, E.; Li, B.; Maurer, J.; Monnier, E.; Odier, J.; Pralavorio, P.; Rozanov, A.; Talby, M.; Tannoury, N.; Tisserant, S.; Toth, J.; Touchard, F.; Vacavant, L.] Aix Marseille Univ, CPPM, Marseille, France. [Aoun, S.; Bee, C. P.; Bertella, C.; Bousson, N.; Clemens, J. C.; Coadou, Y.; Djama, F.; Etienne, F.; Feligioni, L.; Hoffmann, D.; Hubaut, F.; Knoops, E. B. F. G.; Le Guirriec, E.; Li, B.; Maurer, J.; Monnier, E.; Odier, J.; Pralavorio, P.; Rozanov, A.; Talby, M.; Tannoury, N.; Tisserant, S.; Toth, J.; Touchard, F.; Vacavant, L.] CNRS, IN2P3, Marseille, France. [Brau, B.; Colon, G.; Dallapiccola, C.; Meade, A.; Moyse, E. J. W.; Pais, P.; Pueschel, E.; Varol, T.; Ventura, D.; Willocq, S.] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Phys, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. [Belanger-Champagne, C.; Caron, B.; Chapleau, B.; Cheatham, S.; Corriveau, F.; Dobbs, M.; Dufour, M-A.; Guler, H.; Klemetti, M.; Robertson, S. H.; Santamarina Rios, C.; Schram, M.; Stockton, M. C.; Vachon, B.; Warburton, A.] McGill Univ, Dept Phys, Montreal, PQ, Canada. [Barberio, E. L.; Davidson, N.; Diglio, S.; Jennens, D.; Kubota, T.; Limosani, A.; Moorhead, G. F.; Hanninger, G. Nunes; Phan, A.; Shao, Q. T.; Soni, N.; Taylor, G. N.; Thong, W. M.; Volpi, M.; White, M. J.] Univ Melbourne, Sch Phys, Melbourne, Vic 3010, Australia. [Armbruster, A. J.; Borroni, S.; Chapman, J. W.; Cirilli, M.; Dai, T.; Diehl, E. B.; Ferretti, C.; Goldfarb, S.; Harper, D.; Levin, D.; Li, X.; Liu, H.; Liu, J. B.; Liu, L.; Mc Kee, S. P.; Neal, H. A.; Panikashvili, N.; Purdham, J.; Qian, J.; Scheirich, D.; Thun, R. P.; Walch, S.; Wilson, A.; Wooden, G.; Yang, H.; Zhou, B.; Zhu, J.] Univ Michigan, Dept Phys, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Abolins, M.; Alvarez Gonzalez, B.; Arabidze, G.; Brock, R.; Bromberg, C.; Caughron, S.; Fedorko, W.; Hauser, R.; Heim, S.; Holzbauer, J. L.; Huston, J.; Koll, J.; Linnemann, J. T.; Mangeard, P. S.; Martin, B.; Miller, R. J.; Pope, B. G.; Ryan, P.; Schwienhorst, R.; Stelzer, H. J.; Tollefson, K.; Zhang, H.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Acerbi, E.; Alessandria, F.; Alimonti, G.; Andreazza, A.; Baccaglioni, G.; Broggi, F.; Carminati, L.; Cavalli, D.; Citterio, M.; Koletsoua, I.; Mandelli, L.; Mazzanti, M.; Meloni, F.; Meroni, C.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Milano, I-20133 Milan, Italy. [Acerbi, E.; Andreazza, A.; Carminati, L.; Meloni, F.] Univ Milan, Dipartimento Fis, Milan, Italy. [Bogouch, A.; Harkusha, S.; Kulchitsky, Y.; Kurochkin, Y. A.; Satsounkevitch, I.; Tsiareshka, P. V.] Natl Acad Sci Belarus, BI Stepanov Inst Phys, Minsk, Byelarus. [Yanush, S.] Natl Sci & Educ Ctr Particle & High Energy Phys, Minsk, Byelarus. [Taylor, F. E.] MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Azuelos, G.; Banerjee, P.; Bouchami, J.; Davies, M.; Giunta, M.; Leroy, C.; Martin, J. P.; Mehdiyev, R.] Univ Montreal, Grp Particle Phys, Montreal, PQ, Canada. [Akimov, A. V.; Baranov, S. P.; Gavrilenko, I. L.; Komar, A. A.; Mashinistov, R.; Mouraviev, S. V.; Nechaeva, P. Yu.; Shmeleva, A.; Snesarev, A. A.; Sulin, V. V.; Tikhomirov, V. O.] Russian Acad Sci, PN Lebedev Inst Phys, Moscow, Russia. [Artamonov, A.; Gorbounov, P. A.; Khovanskiy, V.; Shatalov, P. B.; Tsukerman, I. I.] Inst Theoret & Expt Phys, Moscow 117259, Russia. [Antonov, A.; Belotskiy, K.; Bulekov, O.; Dolgoshein, B. A.; Kantserov, V. A.; Khodinov, A.; Romaniouk, A.; Shulga, E.; Smirnov, S. Yu.; Smirnov, Y.; Soldatov, E. Yu.; Timoshenko, S.] MEPhI, Moscow, Russia. [Gladilin, L. K.; Grishkevich, Y. V.; Kramarenko, V. 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N.; Richter, R.; Salihagic, D.; Sandstroem, R.; Schacht, P.; Seuster, R.; Stern, S.; Stonjek, S.; Vanadia, M.; von der Schmitt, H.; Weigell, P.; Wildauer, A.; Zhuravlov, V.] Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, Werner Heisenberg Inst, D-80805 Munich, Germany. [Shimojima, M.] Nagasaki Inst Appl Sci, Nagasaki, Japan. [Aoki, M.; Hasegawa, S.; Morvaj, L.; Ohshima, T.; Takahashi, Y.; Tomoto, M.; Wakabayashi, J.] Nagoya Univ, Grad Sch Sci, Nagoya, Aichi 4648601, Japan. [Aoki, M.; Hasegawa, S.; Morvaj, L.; Ohshima, T.; Takahashi, Y.; Tomoto, M.; Wakabayashi, J.] Nagoya Univ, Kobayashi Maskawa Inst, Nagoya, Aichi 4648601, Japan. [Aloisio, A.; Alviggi, M. G.; Canale, V.; Capasso, L.; Carlino, G.; Chiefari, G.; Conventi, F.; de Asmundis, R.; Della Pietra, M.; della Volpe, D.; Doria, A.; Giordano, R.; Iengo, P.; Izzo, V.; Merola, L.; Musto, E.; Patricelli, S.; Sanchez, A.; Sekhniaidze, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Napoli, I-80125 Naples, Italy. [Aloisio, A.; Alviggi, M. G.; Canale, V.; Capasso, L.; Chiefari, G.; della Volpe, D.; Giordano, R.; Merola, L.; Musto, E.; Patricelli, S.; Sanchez, A.] Univ Naples Federico II, Dipartimento Sci Fisiche, Naples, Italy. [Gorelov, I.; Hoeferkamp, M. R.; Metcalfe, J.; Seidel, S. C.; Toms, K.; Wang, R.] Univ New Mexico, Dept Phys & Astron, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [Besjes, G. J.; Caron, S.; Chelstowska, M. A.; De Groot, N.; Filthaut, F.; Klok, P. F.; Koenig, A. C.; Koetsveld, F.; Raas, M.; Salvucci, A.] Radboud Univ Nijmegen, Nikhef, Inst Math Astrophys & Particle Phys, NL-6525 ED Nijmegen, Netherlands. [Aben, R.; Ahmad, A.; Beemster, L. J.; Bentvelsen, S.; Berglund, E.; Bobbink, G. J.; Bos, K.; Boterenbrood, H.; Colijn, A. P.; de Jong, P.; De Nooij, L.; Deluca, C.; Deviveiros, P. O.; Doxiadis, A. D.; Ferrari, P.; Garitaonandia, H.; Geerts, D. A. A.; Gosselink, M.; Hartjes, F.; Hessey, N. P.; Igonkina, O.; Kayl, M. S.; Klous, S.; Kluit, P.; Koffeman, E.; Lee, H.; Lenz, T.; Linde, F.; Luijckx, G.; Massaro, G.; Mechnich, J.; Mussche, I.; Ottersbach, J. P.; Pani, P.; Rijpstra, M.; Ruckstuhl, N.; Ta, D.; Tsiakiris, M.; Turlay, E.; Van der Deijl, P. C.; van der Geer, R.; van der Graaf, H.; Van der Leeuw, R.; van der Poel, E.; van Vulpen, I.; Verkerke, W.; Vermeulen, J. C.; Milosavljevic, M. Vranjes; Vreeswijk, M.] NIKHEF H, Natl Inst Subat Phys, NL-1009 DB Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Berglund, E.; Bobbink, G. J.; Bos, K.; Boterenbrood, H.; Colijn, A. P.; Deluca, C.; Doxiadis, A. D.; Garitaonandia, H.; Geerts, D. A. A.; Hartjes, F.; Koffeman, E.; Lee, H.; Linde, F.; Luijckx, G.; Massaro, G.; Mechnich, J.; Mussche, I.; Ottersbach, J. P.; Ta, D.; Turlay, E.; van der Graaf, H.; van der Poel, E.; van Vulpen, I.; Vermeulen, J. C.] Univ Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Calkins, R.; Chakraborty, D.; Cole, S.; Rocha de Lima, J. G.; Suhr, C.; Yurkewicz, A.; Zutshi, V.] No Illinois Univ, Dept Phys, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA. [Anisenkov, A.; Beloborodova, O.; Bobrovnikov, V. B.; Bogdanchikov, A.; Kazanin, V. A.; Kolachev, G. M.; Korol, A.; Malyshev, V.; Maslennikov, A. L.; Orlov, I.; Peleganchuk, S. V.; Schamov, A. G.; Skovpen, K.; Soukharev, A.; Talyshev, A.; Tikhonov, Y. A.; Zaytsev, A.] SB RAS, Budker Inst Nucl Phys, Novosibirsk, Russia. [Budick, B.; Casadei, D.; Cranmer, K.; van Huysduynen, L. Hooft; Konoplich, R.; Krasznahorkay, A.; Kreiss, S.; Lewis, G. H.; Nemethy, P.; Neves, R. M.; Prokofiev, K.; Shibata, A.; Zhao, L.] NYU, Dept Phys, New York, NY 10003 USA. [Fisher, M. J.; Gagliardi, G.; Gan, K. K.; Kagan, H.; Kass, R. D.; Merritt, H.; Moss, J.; Nagarkar, A.; Pignotti, D. T.; Rahimi, A. M.; Strang, M.] Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Nakano, I.] Okayama Univ, Fac Sci, Okayama 700, Japan. [Abbott, B.; Gutierrez, P.; Jana, D. K.; Marzin, A.; Meera-Lebbai, R.; Norberg, S.; Saleem, M.; Severini, H.; Skubic, P.; Snow, J.; Strauss, M.] Univ Oklahoma, Homer L Dodge Dept Phys & Astron, Norman, OK 73019 USA. [Abi, B.; Khanov, A.; Rizatdinova, F.; Yu, J.] Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Phys, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. [Hamal, P.; Nozka, L.] Palacky Univ, RCPTM, CR-77147 Olomouc, Czech Republic. [Brau, J. E.; Potter, C. T.; Ptacek, E.; Radloff, P.; Reinsch, A.; Searcy, J.; Shamim, M.; Sinev, N. B.; Strom, D. M.; Torrence, E.] Univ Oregon, Ctr High Energy Phys, Eugene, OR 97403 USA. [Khalek, S. Abdel; Andari, N.; Arnault, C.; Auge, E.; Barrillon, P.; Benoit, M.; Binet, S.; Bourdarios, C.; De la Taille, C.; De Vivie De Regie, J. B.; Duflot, L.; Escalier, M.; Fayard, L.; Fournier, D.; Grivaz, J. -F.; Henrot-Versille, S.; Hrivnac, J.; Iconomidou-Fayard, L.; Idarraga, J.; Kado, M.; Martinez, N. Lorenzo; Lounis, A.; Makovec, N.; Matricon, P.; Niedercorn, F.; Poggioli, L.; Puzo, P.; Renaud, A.; Rousseau, D.; Rybkin, G.; Sauvan, J. B.; Schaarschmidt, J.; Schaffer, A. C.; Serin, L.; Simion, S.; Tanaka, R.; Teinturier, M.; Veillet, J. J.; Wicek, F.; Zerwas, D.; Zhang, Z.] Univ Paris 11, LAL, Orsay, France. [Khalek, S. Abdel; Andari, N.; Arnault, C.; Auge, E.; Barrillon, P.; Benoit, M.; Binet, S.; Bourdarios, C.; De la Taille, C.; De Vivie De Regie, J. B.; Duflot, L.; Escalier, M.; Fayard, L.; Fournier, D.; Grivaz, J. -F.; Henrot-Versille, S.; Hrivnac, J.; Iconomidou-Fayard, L.; Idarraga, J.; Kado, M.; Martinez, N. Lorenzo; Lounis, A.; Makovec, N.; Matricon, P.; Niedercorn, F.; Poggioli, L.; Puzo, P.; Renaud, A.; Rousseau, D.; Rybkin, G.; Sauvan, J. B.; Schaarschmidt, J.; Schaffer, A. C.; Serin, L.; Simion, S.; Tanaka, R.; Teinturier, M.; Veillet, J. J.; Wicek, F.; Zerwas, D.; Zhang, Z.] CNRS, IN2P3, F-91405 Orsay, France. [Hanagaki, K.; Hirose, M.; Lee, J. S. H.; Meguro, T.; Nomachi, M.; Sugaya, Y.] Osaka Univ, Grad Sch Sci, Osaka, Japan. [Cameron, D.; Gjelsten, B. K.; Lund, E.; Ould-Saada, F.; Read, A. L.; Samset, B. H.; Strandlie, A.] Univ Oslo, Dept Phys, Oslo, Norway. [Apolle, R.; Barr, A. J.; Boddy, C. R.; Brandt, G.; Buchanan, J.; Buckingham, R. M.; Coniavitis, E.; Cooper-Sarkar, A. M.; Dafinca, A.; Davies, E.; Gabaldon, C.; Gwenlan, C.; Hall, D.; Hawkes, C. M.; Hays, C. P.; Howard, J.; Huffman, T. B.; Issever, C.; King, R. S. B.; Kogan, L. A.; Korn, A.; Larner, A.; Lewis, A.; Liang, Z.; Livermore, S. S. A.; Mattravers, C.; Nickerson, R. B.; Pinder, A.; Robichaud-Veronneau, A.; Ryder, N. C.; Short, D.; Tseng, J. C-L.; Viehhauser, G. H. A.; Weidberg, A. R.; Whitehead, S. R.; Young, C. J.; Zhong, J.] Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, Oxford, England. [Colombo, T.; Conta, C.; Ferrari, R.; Franchino, S.; Fraternali, M.; Gaudio, G.; Livan, M.; Negri, A.; Polesello, G.; Rebuzzi, D. M.; Rimoldi, A.; Uslenghi, M.; Vercesi, V.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pavia, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. [Colombo, T.; Conta, C.; Franchino, S.; Fraternali, M.; Livan, M.; Negri, A.; Rebuzzi, D. M.; Rimoldi, A.; Uslenghi, M.] Univ Pavia, Dipartimento Fis, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. [Alison, J.; Brendlinger, K.; Degenhardt, J.; Fratina, S.; Hines, E.; Hong, T. M.; Jackson, B.; Kroll, J.; Kunkle, J.; Lester, C. M.; Lipeles, E.; Olivito, D.; Ospanov, R.; Reece, R.; Saxon, J.; Schaefer, D.; Stahlman, J.; Thomson, E.; Wagner, P.; Williams, H. H.] Univ Penn, Dept Phys, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Fedin, O. L.; Gratchev, V.; Grebenyuk, O. G.; Maleev, V. P.; Ryabov, Y. F.; Schegelsky, V. A.; Sedykh, E.; Seliverstov, D. M.; Solovyev, V.] Petersburg Nucl Phys Inst, Gatchina, Russia. [Bertolucci, F.; Cascella, M.; Cavasinni, V.; Crescioli, F.; Del Prete, T.; Dotti, A.; Roda, C.; Sarri, F.; White, S.; Zinonos, Z.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pisa, Pisa, Italy. [Bertolucci, F.; Cascella, M.; Cavasinni, V.; Crescioli, F.; Del Prete, T.; Dotti, A.; Roda, C.; Sarri, F.; White, S.; Zinonos, Z.] Univ Pisa, Dipartimento Fis E Fermi, Pisa, Italy. [Boudreau, J.; Cleland, W.; Escobar, C.; Kittelmann, T.; Mueller, J.; Prieur, D.; Savinov, V.; Yoosoofmiya, R.] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Phys & Astron, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. [Amorim, A.; Anjos, N.; Carvalho, J.; Castro, N. F.; Conde Muino, P.; Sargedas De Sousa, M. J. Da Cunha; Wemans, A. Do Valle; Fiolhais, M. C. N.; Gomes, A.; Jorge, P. M.; Lopes, L.; Miguens, J. Machado; Maio, A.; Maneira, J.; Oliveira, M.; Onofre, A.; Palma, A.; Pina, J.; Pinto, B.; Santos, H.; Saraiva, J. G.; Silva, J.; Veloso, F.; Wolters, H.] Lab Instrumentacao & Fis Expt Particulas LIP, Lisbon, Portugal. [Aguilar-Saavedra, J. A.] Univ Granada, Dept Fis Teor & Cosmos, Granada, Spain. [Aguilar-Saavedra, J. A.] Univ Granada, CAFPE, Granada, Spain. [Bohm, J.; Chudoba, J.; Gadomski, S.; Gallus, P.; Gunther, J.; Jakoubek, T.; Juranek, V.; Kepka, O.; Kupco, A.; Kus, V.; Lokajicek, M.; Marcisovsky, M.; Mikestikova, M.; Myska, M.; Nemecek, S.; Ruzicka, P.; Schovancova, J.; Sicho, P.; Staroba, P.; Svatos, M.; Tasevsky, M.; Tic, T.; Valenta, J.; Vrba, V.; Zeman, M.] Acad Sci Czech Republic, Inst Phys, Prague, Czech Republic. [Chalupkova, I.; Davidek, T.; Dolejsi, J.; Dolezal, Z.; Kodys, P.; Leitner, R.; Novakova, J.; Rybar, M.; Spousta, M.; Strachota, P.; Suk, M.; Sykora, T.; Tas, P.; Valkar, S.; Vorobel, V.; Wilhelm, I.] Charles Univ Prague, Fac Math & Phys, Prague, Czech Republic. [Augsten, K.; Holy, T.; Hubacek, Z.; Jakubek, J.; Kohout, Z.; Kral, V.; Krejci, F.; Pospisil, S.; Simak, V.; Slavicek, T.; Smolek, K.; Sodomka, J.; Solar, M.; Solc, J.; Sopko, V.; Sopko, B.; Stekl, I.; Turecek, D.; Vacek, V.; Vlasak, M.; Vokac, P.] Czech Tech Univ, CR-16635 Prague, Czech Republic. [Ammosov, V. V.; Borisov, A.; Denisov, S. P.; Fakhrutdinov, R. M.; Fenyuk, A. B.; Ivashin, A. V.; Karyukhin, A. N.; Korotkov, V. A.; Kozhin, A. S.; Minaenko, A. A.; Myagkov, A. G.; Nikolaenko, V.; Solodkov, A. A.; Solovyanov, O. V.; Starchenko, E. A.; Zaitsev, A. M.; Zenin, O.; Zmouchko, V. V.] Inst High Energy Phys, State Res Ctr, Protvino, Russia. [Adye, T.; Baines, J. T.; Barnett, B. M.; Burke, S.; Dewhurst, A.; Emeliyanov, D.; Gadfort, T.; Gallop, B. J.; Gee, C. N. P.; Gillman, A. R.; Haywood, S. J.; Kirk, J.; McCubbin, N. A.; McMahon, S. J.; Middleton, R. P.; Murray, W. J.; Norton, P. R.; Phillips, P. W.; Sankey, D. P. C.; Scott, W. G.; Strube, J.; Tyndel, M.; Wickens, F. J.; Wielers, M.] Rutherford Appleton Lab, Particle Phys Dept, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. [Benslama, K.; Smit, G. V. Ybeles] Univ Regina, Dept Phys, Regina, SK S4S 0A2, Canada. [Tanaka, S.] Ritsumeikan Univ, Kusatsu, Shiga, Japan. [Anullia, F.; Artoni, G.; Bagnaia, P.; Bini, C.; Caloi, R.; Ciapetti, G.; D'Orazio, A.; De Pedis, D.; De Salvo, A.; De Zorzi, G.; Dionisi, C.; Falciano, S.; Gauzzi, P.; Gentile, S.; Giagu, S.; Ippolito, V.; Lacava, F.; Lo Sterzo, F.; Luci, C.; Marzano, F.; Mirabellia, G.; Nisati, A.; Pasqualucci, E.; Petrolo, E.; Pontecorvo, L.; Rescigno, M.; Rosati, S.; Rossi, E.; Tehrani, F. Safai; Sidoti, A.; Camillocci, E. Solfaroli; Vari, R.; Veneziano, S.; Zanello, L.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma 1, Rome, Italy. [Artoni, G.; Bagnaia, P.; Bini, C.; Caloi, R.; Ciapetti, G.; D'Orazio, A.; De Zorzi, G.; Dionisi, C.; Gauzzi, P.; Lacava, F.; Lo Sterzo, F.; Luci, C.; Rossi, E.; Camillocci, E. Solfaroli; Zanello, L.] Univ Roma La Sapienza, Dipartimento Fis, I-00185 Rome, Italy. [Aielli, G.; Camarri, P.; Cardarelli, R.; Cattani, G.; Di Ciaccio, A.; Di Simone, A.; Liberti, B.; Marchese, F.; Mazzaferro, L.; Salamon, A.; Santonico, R.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy. [Aielli, G.; Camarri, P.; Cattani, G.; Di Ciaccio, A.; Di Simone, A.; Marchese, F.; Mazzaferro, L.; Santonico, R.] Univ Roma Tor Vergata, Dipartimento Fis, I-00173 Rome, Italy. [Bacci, C.; Baroncelli, A.; Biglietti, M.; Bortolotto, V.; Branchini, P.; Ceradini, F.; Di Luise, S.; Farilla, A.; Graziani, E.; Iodice, M.; Orestano, D.; Passeri, A.; Pastore, F.; Petrucci, F.; Stanescu, C.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma Tre, Rome, Italy. [Bacci, C.; Bortolotto, V.; Ceradini, F.; Di Luise, S.; Orestano, D.; Pastore, F.; Petrucci, F.] Univ Roma Tre, Dipartimento Fis, Rome, Italy. [Benchekroun, D.; Chafaq, A.; Gouighri, M.; Hoummada, A.; Lablak, S.] Univ Hassan 2, Reseau Univ Phys Hautes Energies, Fac Sci Ain Chock, Casablanca, Morocco. [Ghazlane, H.] Ctr Natl Energie Sci Tech Nucl, Rabat, Morocco. [El Kacimi, M.; Goujdami, D.] Univ Cadi Ayyad, Fac Sci Semlalia, LPHEA, Marrakech, Morocco. [Derkaoui, J. E.; Ouchrif, M.; Tayalati, Y.] Univ Mohamed Premier & LPTPM, Fac Sci, Oujda, Morocco. [El Moursli, R. Cherkaoui] Univ Mohammed V Agdal, Fac Sci, Rabat, Morocco. [Abreu, H.; Ahmad, A.; Bachacou, H.; Bauer, F.; Besson, N.; Blanchard, J. -B.; Bolnet, N. M.; Boonekamp, M.; Chevalier, L.; Ernwein, J.; Etienvre, A. I.; Formica, A.; Gauthier, L.; Giraud, P. F.; Guyot, C.; Hassani, S.; Kozanecki, W.; Lancon, E.; Laporte, J. F.; Legendre, M.; Maiani, C.; Mal, P.; Manjarres Ramos, J. A.; Mansoulie, B.; Meyer, J-P.; Mijovic, L.; Morange, N.; Hong, V. Nguyen Thi; Nicolaidou, R.; Ouraou, A.; Resende, B.; Royon, C. R.; Schune, Ph.; Schwindling, J.; Simard, O.; Virchaux, M.; Vranjes, N.; Xiao, M.] CEA Saclay, IRFU, DSM, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Chouridou, S.; Damiani, D. S.; Grillo, A. A.; Hare, G. A.; Litke, A. M.; Lockman, W. S.; Manning, P. M.; Mitrevski, J.; Nielsen, J.; Sadrozinski, H. F-W.; Schumm, B. A.; Seiden, A.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz Inst Particle Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Beckingham, M.; Coccaro, A.; Goussiou, A. G.; Griffiths, J.; Harris, O. M.; Keller, J. S.; Lubatti, H. J.; Rothberg, J.; Verducci, M.; Watts, G.; Zhao, T.] Univ Washington, Dept Phys, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Booth, C. N.; Costanzo, D.; Donszelmann, T. Cuhadar; Dawson, I.; Duxfield, R.; Hodgkinson, M. C.; Hodgson, P.; Johansson, P.; Korolkova, E. V.; Mayne, A.; Mcfayden, J. A.; Miyagawa, P. S.; Owen, S.; Paganis; Tovey, D. R.; Tua, A.; Xu, D.] Univ Sheffield, Dept Phys & Astron, Sheffield, S Yorkshire, England. [Hasegawa, Y.; Suruliz, K.; Takeshita, T.] Shinshu Univ, Dept Phys, Nagano, Japan. [Buchholz, P.; Czirr, H.; Fleck, I.; Gaur, B.; Grybel, K.; Holder, M.; Ibragimov, I.; Rammes, M.; Rosenthal, O.; Sipica, V.; Walkowiak, W.; Ziolkowski, M.] Univ Siegen, Fachbereich Phys, D-5900 Siegen, Germany. [Dawe, E.; Godfrey, J.; Kvita, J.; O'Neil, D. C.; Petteni, M.; Stelzer, B.; Tanasijczuk, A. J.; Trottier-McDonald, M.; Vetterli, M. C.] Simon Fraser Univ, Dept Phys, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada. [Aracena, I.; Barklow, T.; Bartoldus, R.; Bawa, H. S.; Butler, B.; Cogan, J. G.; Eifert, T.; Gagnon, P.; Gao, Y. S.; Grenier, P.; Haas, A.; Hansson, P.; Horn, C.; Jackson, P.; Kocian, M.; Koi, T.; Lowe, A. J.; Malone, C.; Mount, R.; Nelson, T. K.; Salnikov, A.; Schwartzman, A.; Silverstein, D.; Smith, D.; Strauss, E.; Su, D.; Wilson, M. G.; Wittgen, M.; Young, C.] SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA USA. [Batkova, L.; Blazek, T.; Federic, P.; Pecsy, M.; Stavina, P.; Sykora, I.; Tokar, S.; Zenis, T.] Comenius Univ, Fac Math Phys & Informat, Bratislava, Slovakia. [Antos, J.; Bruncko, D.; Ferencei, J.; Kladiva, E.; Seman, M.; Strizenec, P.] Slovak Acad Sci, Inst Expt Phys, Dept Subnucl Phys, Kosice 04353, Slovakia. [Aurousseau, M.] Univ Johannesburg, Dept Phys, Johannesburg, South Africa. [Hamilton, A.; Leney, K. J. C.; Vickey, T.; Boeriu, O. E. Vickey; Yacoob, S.] Univ Witwatersrand, Sch Phys, Johannesburg, South Africa. [Asman, B.; Bendtz, K.; Bohm, C.; Clement, C.; Eriksson, D.; Gellerstedt, K.; Hellman, S.; Holmgren, S. O.; Johansen, M.; Johansson, K. E.; Jon-And, K.; Kim, H.; Klimek, P.; Lundberg, J.; Lundberg, O.; Milstead, D. A.; Moa, T.; Papadelis, A.; Sellden, B.; Silverstein, S. B.; Sjoelin, J.; Strandberg, S.; Tylmad, M.; Yang, Z.] Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Asman, B.; Bendtz, K.; Clement, C.; Gellerstedt, K.; Hellman, S.; Johansen, M.; Jon-And, K.; Kim, H.; Klimek, P.; Lundberg, J.; Lundberg, O.; Milstead, D. A.; Moa, T.; Sjoelin, J.; Strandberg, S.; Tylmad, M.; Yang, Z.] Oskar Klein Ctr, Stockholm, Sweden. [Jovicevic, J.; Kuwertz, E. S.; Lund-Jensen, B.; Strandberg, J.] Royal Inst Technol, Dept Phys, S-10044 Stockholm, Sweden. [Ahmad, A.; Arfaoui, S.; Devetak, E.; DeWilde, B.; Engelmann, R.; Farley, J.; Goodson, J. J.; Grassi, V.; Gray, J. A.; Hobbs, J.; Jia, J.; Mastrandrea, P.; McCarthy, R. L.; Mohapatra, S.; Rijssenbeek, M.; Schamberger, R. D.; Stupak, J.; Tsybychev, D.] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. [Ahmad, A.; Arfaoui, S.; Devetak, E.; DeWilde, B.; Engelmann, R.; Farley, J.; Goodson, J. J.; Grassi, V.; Gray, J. A.; Hobbs, J.; Jia, J.; Mastrandrea, P.; McCarthy, R. L.; Mohapatra, S.; Rijssenbeek, M.; Schamberger, R. D.; Stupak, J.; Tsybychev, D.] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Chem, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. [Bartsch, V.; De Santo, A.; Martin-Haugh, S.; Potter, C. J.; Rose, A.; Salvatore, F.; Sutton, M. R.] Univ Sussex, Dept Phys & Astron, Brighton, E Sussex, England. [Bangert, A.; Cuthbert, C.; Patel, N.; Saavedra, A. F.; Scarcella, M.; Varvell, K. E.; Watson, I. J.; Waugh, A. T.; Yabsley, B.] Univ Sydney, Sch Phys, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. [Chu, M. L.; Hou, S.; Lee, S. C.; Lin, S. C.; Liu, D.; Mazini, R.; Meng, Z.; Ren, Z. L.; Soh, D. A.; Teng, P. K.; Wang, J.; Wang, S. M.; Weng, Z.; Zhou, Y.] Acad Sinica, Inst Phys, Taipei, Taiwan. [Harpaz, S. Behar; Kajomovitz, E.; Rozen, Y.; Tarem, S.; Vallecorsa, S.] Technion Israel Inst Technol, Dept Phys, IL-32000 Haifa, Israel. [Abramowicz, H.; Alexander, G.; Amram, N.; Bella, G.; Benary, O.; Benhammou, Y.; Etzion, E.; Gershon, A.; Ginzburg, J.; Guttman, N.; Hod, N.; Munwes, Y.; Oren, Y.; Reinherz-Aronis, E.; Sadeh, I.; Silver, Y.; Soffer, A.; Taiblum, N.] Tel Aviv Univ, Raymond & Beverly Sackler Fac Exact Sci, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel. [Iliadis, D.; Kordas, K.; Kouskoura, V.; Nomidis, I.; Petridis, A.; Petridou, C.; Sampsonidis, D.] Aristotle Univ Thessaloniki, Dept Phys, GR-54006 Thessaloniki, Greece. [Akimoto, G.; Asai, S.; Azuma, Y.; Dohmae, T.; Kanaya, N.; Kataoka, Y.; Kawamoto, T.; Kessoku, K.; Kobayashi, T.; Komori, Y.; Mashimo, T.; Masubuchi, T.; Matsunaga, H.; Nakamura, K.; Nakamura, T.; Ninomiya, Y.; Okuyama, T.; Sakamoto, H.; Sasaki, Y.; Tanaka, J.; Terashi, K.; Ueda, I.; Yamaguchi, H.; Yamamoto, S.; Yamamura, T.; Yamanaka, T.; Yamazaki, T.] Univ Tokyo, Int Ctr Elementary Particle Phys, Tokyo, Japan. [Akimoto, G.; Asai, S.; Azuma, Y.; Dohmae, T.; Kanaya, N.; Kataoka, Y.; Kawamoto, T.; Kessoku, K.; Kobayashi, T.; Komori, Y.; Mashimo, T.; Masubuchi, T.; Matsunaga, H.; Nakamura, K.; Nakamura, T.; Ninomiya, Y.; Okuyama, T.; Sakamoto, H.; Sasaki, Y.; Tanaka, J.; Terashi, K.; Ueda, I.; Yamaguchi, H.; Yamamoto, S.; Yamamura, T.; Yamanaka, T.; Yamazaki, T.] Univ Tokyo, Dept Phys, Tokyo 113, Japan. [Bratzler, U.] Tokyo Metropolitan Univ, Grad Sch Sci & Technol, Tokyo 158, Japan. [Ishitsuka, M.; Jinnouchi, O.; Kanno, T.; Kuze, M.; Nagai, R.; Nobe, T.] Tokyo Inst Technol, Dept Phys, Tokyo 152, Japan. [AbouZeid, O. S.; Bailey, D. C.; Bain, T.; Brelier, B.; Cheung, S. L.; Dhaliwal, S.; Farooque, T.; Fatholahzadeh, B.; Gibson, A.; Guo, B.; Ilic, N.; Keung, J.; Knecht, N. S.; Krieger, P.; Le Maner, C.; Martens, F. K.; Orr, R. S.; Rezvani, R.; Rosenbaum, G. A.; Savard, P.; Sinervo, P.; Spreitzer, T.; Tardif, D.; Teuscher, R. J.; Thompson, P. D.; Trischuk, W.; Venturi, N.] Univ Toronto, Dept Phys, Toronto, ON, Canada. [Canepa, A.; Chekulaev, S. V.; Fortin, D.; Koutsman, A.; Losty, M. J.; Nugent, I. M.; Oram, C. J.; Codina, E. Perez; Schouten, D.; Stelzer-Chilton, O.; Tafirout, R.; Trigger, I. M.] TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada. [Garcia, J. A. Benite; Palacino, G.; Taylor, W.] York Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Toronto, ON M3J 2R7, Canada. [Hanawa, K.; Hara, K.; Hayashi, T.; Kim, S. H.; Kurata, M.; Nagai, K.; Ukegawa, F.] Univ Tsukuba, Inst Pure & Appl Sci, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058571, Japan. [Beauchemin, P. H.; Hamilton, S.; Meoni, E.; Napier, A.; Rolli, S.; Sliwa, K.; Todorova-Nova, S.; Wetter, J.] Tufts Univ, Ctr Sci & Technol, Medford, MA 02155 USA. [Losada, M.; Loureiro, K. F.; Mendoza Navas, L.; Navarro, G.; Sandoval, C.] Univ Antonio Narino, Ctr Invest, Bogota, Colombia. [Avolio, G.; Deng, J.; Farrell, S.; Eschrich, I. Gough; Hawkins, D.; Lankford, A. J.; Mete, A. S.; Nelson, A.; Scannicchio, D. A.; Schernau, M.; Taffard, A.; Toggerson, B.; Unel, G.; Werth, M.; Wheeler-Ellis, S. J.; Whiteson, D.; Zhou, N.] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA USA. [Acharya, B. S.; Alhroob, M.; Brazzale, S. F.; Cobal, M.; De Sanctis, U.; Del Papa, C.; Pinamonti, M.; Shaw, K.; Soualah, R.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Grp Collegato Udine, Udine, Italy. [Acharya, B. S.] Abdus Salaam Int Ctr Theoret Phys, Trieste, Italy. [Alhroob, M.; Brazzale, S. F.; Cobal, M.; De Sanctis, U.; Del Papa, C.; Giordani, M. P.; Pinamonti, M.; Shaw, K.; Soualah, R.] Univ Udine, Dipartimento Chim Fis & Ambiente, I-33100 Udine, Italy. [Benekos, N.; Coggeshall, J.; Cortes-Gonzalez, A.; Errede, D.; Errede, S.; Khandanyan, H.; Lie, K.; Liss, T. M.; McCarn, A.; Neubauer, M. S.; Vichou, I.] Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Brenner, R.; Buszello, C. P.; Ekelof, T.; Ellert, M.; Ferrari, A.; Isaksson, C.; Pelikan, D.] Uppsala Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Uppsala, Sweden. [Urban, S. Cabrera; Castillo Gimenez, V.; Costa, M. J.; Ferrer, A.; Fiorini, L.; Garcia, C.; Garcia Navarro, J. E.; Gonzalez de la Hoz, S.; Hernandez Jimenez, Y.; Higon-Rodriguez, E.; Quiles, A. Irles; Kaci, M.; Lacasta, C.; Lacuesta, V. R.; Marti-Garcia, S.; Minano Moya, M.; Mitsou, V. A.; Moles-Valls, R.; Moreno Llacer, M.; Oliver Garcia, E.; Perez Garcia-Estan, M. T.; Romero Adam, E.; Ros, E.; Salt, J.; Sanchez Martinez, V.; Solans, C. A.; Soldevila, U.; Sanchez, J.; Pastor, E. Torro; Valero, A.; Gallego, E. Valladolid; Ferrer, J. A. Valls; Perez, M. Villaplana; Vos, M.] Univ Valencia, Inst Fis Corpuscular, Valencia, Spain. [Urban, S. Cabrera; Castillo Gimenez, V.; Costa, M. J.; Ferrer, A.; Fiorini, L.; Garcia, C.; Garcia Navarro, J. E.; Gonzalez de la Hoz, S.; Hernandez Jimenez, Y.; Higon-Rodriguez, E.; Quiles, A. Irles; Kaci, M.; Lacasta, C.; Lacuesta, V. R.; Marti-Garcia, S.; Minano Moya, M.; Mitsou, V. A.; Moles-Valls, R.; Moreno Llacer, M.; Oliver Garcia, E.; Perez Garcia-Estan, M. T.; Romero Adam, E.; Ros, E.; Salt, J.; Sanchez Martinez, V.; Solans, C. A.; Soldevila, U.; Sanchez, J.; Pastor, E. Torro; Valero, A.; Gallego, E. Valladolid; Ferrer, J. A. Valls; Perez, M. Villaplana; Vos, M.] Univ Valencia, Dept Fis Atom Mol & Nucl, Valencia, Spain. [Urban, S. Cabrera; Castillo Gimenez, V.; Costa, M. J.; Ferrer, A.; Fiorini, L.; Garcia, C.; Garcia Navarro, J. E.; Gonzalez de la Hoz, S.; Hernandez Jimenez, Y.; Higon-Rodriguez, E.; Quiles, A. Irles; Kaci, M.; Lacasta, C.; Lacuesta, V. R.; Marti-Garcia, S.; Minano Moya, M.; Mitsou, V. A.; Moles-Valls, R.; Moreno Llacer, M.; Oliver Garcia, E.; Perez Garcia-Estan, M. T.; Romero Adam, E.; Ros, E.; Salt, J.; Sanchez Martinez, V.; Solans, C. A.; Soldevila, U.; Sanchez, J.; Pastor, E. Torro; Valero, A.; Gallego, E. Valladolid; Ferrer, J. A. Valls; Perez, M. Villaplana; Vos, M.] Univ Valencia, Dept Ingn Elect, Valencia, Spain. [Urban, S. Cabrera; Castillo Gimenez, V.; Costa, M. J.; Ferrer, A.; Fiorini, L.; Garcia, C.; Garcia Navarro, J. E.; Gonzalez de la Hoz, S.; Hernandez Jimenez, Y.; Higon-Rodriguez, E.; Quiles, A. Irles; Kaci, M.; Lacasta, C.; Lacuesta, V. R.; Marti-Garcia, S.; Minano Moya, M.; Mitsou, V. A.; Moles-Valls, R.; Moreno Llacer, M.; Oliver Garcia, E.; Perez Garcia-Estan, M. T.; Romero Adam, E.; Ros, E.; Salt, J.; Sanchez Martinez, V.; Solans, C. A.; Soldevila, U.; Sanchez, J.; Pastor, E. Torro; Valero, A.; Gallego, E. Valladolid; Ferrer, J. A. Valls; Perez, M. Villaplana; Vos, M.] Univ Valencia, IMB, CNM, Valencia, Spain. [Urban, S. Cabrera; Castillo Gimenez, V.; Costa, M. J.; Ferrer, A.; Fiorini, L.; Garcia, C.; Garcia Navarro, J. E.; Gonzalez de la Hoz, S.; Hernandez Jimenez, Y.; Higon-Rodriguez, E.; Quiles, A. Irles; Kaci, M.; Lacasta, C.; Lacuesta, V. R.; Marti-Garcia, S.; Minano Moya, M.; Mitsou, V. A.; Moles-Valls, R.; Moreno Llacer, M.; Oliver Garcia, E.; Perez Garcia-Estan, M. T.; Romero Adam, E.; Ros, E.; Salt, J.; Sanchez Martinez, V.; Solans, C. A.; Soldevila, U.; Sanchez, J.; Pastor, E. Torro; Valero, A.; Gallego, E. Valladolid; Ferrer, J. A. Valls; Perez, M. Villaplana; Vos, M.] CSIC, Valencia, Spain. [Axen, D.; Gay, C.; Gecse, Z.; Loh, C. W.; Mills, W. J.; Swedish, S.; Viel, S.] Univ British Columbia, Dept Phys, Vancouver, BC, Canada. [Al-Bert, J.; Astbury, A.; Bansal, V.; Berghaus, F.; Courneyea, L.; Fincke-Keeler, M.; Keeler, R.; Kowalewski, R.; Lefebvre, M.; Lessard, J-R.; Marino, C. P.; Martyniuk, A. C.; McPherson, R. A.; Ouellette, E. A.; Plamondon, M.; Sobie, R.] Univ Victoria, Dept Phys & Astron, Victoria, BC, Canada. [Farrington, S. M.; Jones, G.] Univ Warwick, Dept Phys, Coventry CV4 7AL, W Midlands, England. [Kimura, N.; Mincer, A. I.; Yorita, K.] Waseda Univ, Tokyo, Japan. [Alon, R.; Barak, L.; Bressler, S.; Duchovni, E.; Frank, T.; Froidevaux, D.; Gross, E.; Groth-Jensen, J.; Klier, A.; Lellouch, D.; Levinson, L. J.; Mikenberg, G.; Milov, A.; Milstein, D.; Roth, I.; Silbert, O.; Smakhtin, V.; Vitells, O.] Weizmann Inst Sci, Dept Particle Phys, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel. [Asfandiyarov, R.; Banerjee, Sw.; Montoya, G. D. Carrillo; Castaneda Hernandez, A. M.; Castaneda-Miranda, E.; Chen, X.; Di Mattia, A.; DosAnjos, A.; Fang, Y.; Castillo, L. R. Flores; Gonzalez, S.; Gutzwiller, O.; Ji, H.; Ju, X.; Kashif, L.; Li, H.; Ma, L. L.; Mellado Garcia, B. R.; Ming, Y.; Pan, Y. B.; Morales, M. I. Pedraza; Quayle, W. B.; Sarangi, T.; Wang, H.; Wiedenmann, W.; Wu, S. L.; Zobernig, G.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Fleischmann, P.; Meyer, J.; Redelbach, A.; Siragusa, G.; Stroehmer, R.; Trefzger, T.] Univ Wurzburg, Fak Phys & Astron, Wurzburg, Germany. [Barisonzi, M.; Becker, A. K.; Becks, K. H.; Braun, H. M.; Cornelissen, T.; Fleischmann, S.; Flick, T.; Gerlach, P.; Glitza, K. W.; Gorfine, G.; Hamacher, K.; Harenberg, T.; Henss, T.; Hirschbuehl, D.; Kalinin, S.; Kersten, S.; Khoroshilov, A.; Kohlmann, S.; Lantzsch, K.; Lenzen, G.; Maettig, P.; Mechtel, M.; Pataraia, S.; Sandhoff, M.; Sartisohn, G.; Schultes, J.; Sturm, P.; Voss, T. T.; Wagner, W.; Wahlen, H.; Wicke, D.; Zeitnitz, C.] Berg Univ Wuppertal, Fachbereich Phys C, Wuppertal, Germany. [Adelman, J.; Baker, O. K.; Bedikian, S.; Boek, J.; Almenar, C. Cuenca; Czyczula, Z.; Demers, S.; Gallas, E. J.; Garberson, F.; Golling, T.; Guest, D.; Kaplan, B.; Lee, L.; Loginov, A.; Sherman, D.; Tipton, P.; Wall, R.; Walsh, B.] Yale Univ, Dept Phys, New Haven, CT USA. [Hakobyan, H.] Yerevan Phys Inst, Yerevan 375036, Armenia. [Biscarat, C.; Cogneras, E.; Rahal, G.] CNRS, Ctr Calcul, IN2P3, Villeurbanne, France. [Aguilar-Saavedra, J. A.; Chikovani, L.; Tskhadadzea, E. G.] Lab Instrumentacao & Fis Expt Particulas LIP, Lisbon, Portugal. 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RI Wolters, Helmut/M-4154-2013; Warburton, Andreas/N-8028-2013; De, Kaushik/N-1953-2013; Sukharev, Andrey/A-6470-2014; O'Shea, Val/G-1279-2010; Lee, Jason/B-9701-2014; Robson, Aidan/G-1087-2011; Negrini, Matteo/C-8906-2014; Fabbri, Laura/H-3442-2012; Villa, Mauro/C-9883-2009; Kepka, Oldrich/G-6375-2014; Nemecek, Stanislav/G-5931-2014; Jakoubek, Tomas/G-8644-2014; Conde Muino, Patricia/F-7696-2011; Andreazza, Attilio/E-5642-2011; Boyko, Igor/J-3659-2013; Kuleshov, Sergey/D-9940-2013; Anjos, Nuno/I-3918-2013; Kartvelishvili, Vakhtang/K-2312-2013; Dawson, Ian/K-6090-2013; Solfaroli Camillocci, Elena/J-1596-2012; Tudorache, Alexandra/L-3557-2013; Tudorache, Valentina/D-2743-2012; Marti-Garcia, Salvador/F-3085-2011; Castro, Nuno/D-5260-2011; Ma, Hong/F-2725-2011; Orlov, Ilya/E-6611-2012; Petrucci, Fabrizio/G-8348-2012; Annovi, Alberto/G-6028-2012; Stoicea, Gabriel/B-6717-2011; Brooks, William/C-8636-2013; Pina, Joao /C-4391-2012; Amorim, Antonio/C-8460-2013; Vanyashin, Aleksandr/H-7796-2013; Casadei, Diego/I-1785-2013; La Rosa, Alessandro/I-1856-2013; Moraes, Arthur/F-6478-2010; Smirnov, Sergei/F-1014-2011; Cascella, Michele/B-6156-2013; messina, andrea/C-2753-2013; Weigell, Philipp/I-9356-2012; Moorhead, Gareth/B-6634-2009; Wemans, Andre/A-6738-2012; Fazio, Salvatore /G-5156-2010; Kramarenko, Victor/E-1781-2012; Ferrando, James/A-9192-2012; Veneziano, Stefano/J-1610-2012; Doyle, Anthony/C-5889-2009; Alexa, Calin/F-6345-2010; Gutierrez, Phillip/C-1161-2011; Bergeaas Kuutmann, Elin/A-5204-2013; Grinstein, Sebastian/N-3988-2014; la rotonda, laura/B-4028-2016; Karyukhin, Andrey/J-3904-2014; Juste, Aurelio/I-2531-2015; Capua, Marcella/A-8549-2015; Tartarelli, Giuseppe Francesco/A-5629-2016; Grancagnolo, Francesco/K-2857-2015; Korol, Aleksandr/A-6244-2014; Maneira, Jose/D-8486-2011; Prokoshin, Fedor/E-2795-2012; KHODINOV, ALEKSANDR/D-6269-2015; Goncalo, Ricardo/M-3153-2016; Gauzzi, Paolo/D-2615-2009; Solodkov, Alexander/B-8623-2017; Zaitsev, Alexandre/B-8989-2017; Yang, Haijun/O-1055-2015; Monzani, Simone/D-6328-2017; Fullana Torregrosa, Esteban/A-7305-2016; Guo, Jun/O-5202-2015; Smirnova, Oxana/A-4401-2013; Aguilar Saavedra, Juan Antonio/F-1256-2016; Leyton, Michael/G-2214-2016; Jones, Roger/H-5578-2011; Vranjes Milosavljevic, Marija/F-9847-2016; SULIN, VLADIMIR/N-2793-2015; Nechaeva, Polina/N-1148-2015; Olshevskiy, Alexander/I-1580-2016; Vanadia, Marco/K-5870-2016; Ippolito, Valerio/L-1435-2016; Mora Herrera, Maria Clemencia/L-3893-2016; spagnolo, stefania/A-6359-2012; Shmeleva, Alevtina/M-6199-2015; Camarri, Paolo/M-7979-2015; Gavrilenko, Igor/M-8260-2015; Tikhomirov, Vladimir/M-6194-2015; Chekulaev, Sergey/O-1145-2015; Gorelov, Igor/J-9010-2015; Gladilin, Leonid/B-5226-2011; Carvalho, Joao/M-4060-2013; Mashinistov, Ruslan/M-8356-2015; Booth, Christopher/B-5263-2016; Gonzalez de la Hoz, Santiago/E-2494-2016; Demirkoz, Bilge/C-8179-2014; Livan, Michele/D-7531-2012; Mitsou, Vasiliki/D-1967-2009; Joergensen, Morten/E-6847-2015; Riu, Imma/L-7385-2014; Mir, Lluisa-Maria/G-7212-2015; Garcia, Jose /H-6339-2015; Della Pietra, Massimo/J-5008-2012; Cavalli-Sforza, Matteo/H-7102-2015; Ferrer, Antonio/H-2942-2015; Hansen, John/B-9058-2015; Grancagnolo, Sergio/J-3957-2015; Lokajicek, Milos/G-7800-2014; Staroba, Pavel/G-8850-2014; Kupco, Alexander/G-9713-2014; Mikestikova, Marcela/H-1996-2014; Kuday, Sinan/C-8528-2014; Snesarev, Andrey/H-5090-2013; Svatos, Michal/G-8437-2014; Chudoba, Jiri/G-7737-2014; Peleganchuk, Sergey/J-6722-2014; Santamarina Rios, Cibran/K-4686-2014; Bosman, Martine/J-9917-2014; Lei, Xiaowen/O-4348-2014 OI Wolters, Helmut/0000-0002-9588-1773; Warburton, Andreas/0000-0002-2298-7315; De, Kaushik/0000-0002-5647-4489; O'Shea, Val/0000-0001-7183-1205; Lee, Jason/0000-0002-2153-1519; Negrini, Matteo/0000-0003-0101-6963; Fabbri, Laura/0000-0002-4002-8353; Villa, Mauro/0000-0002-9181-8048; Conde Muino, Patricia/0000-0002-9187-7478; Andreazza, Attilio/0000-0001-5161-5759; Boyko, Igor/0000-0002-3355-4662; Kuleshov, Sergey/0000-0002-3065-326X; Solfaroli Camillocci, Elena/0000-0002-5347-7764; Castro, Nuno/0000-0001-8491-4376; Orlov, Ilya/0000-0003-4073-0326; Petrucci, Fabrizio/0000-0002-5278-2206; Annovi, Alberto/0000-0002-4649-4398; Stoicea, Gabriel/0000-0002-7511-4614; Brooks, William/0000-0001-6161-3570; Pina, Joao /0000-0001-8959-5044; Vanyashin, Aleksandr/0000-0002-0367-5666; La Rosa, Alessandro/0000-0001-6291-2142; Moraes, Arthur/0000-0002-5157-5686; Smirnov, Sergei/0000-0002-6778-073X; Cascella, Michele/0000-0003-2091-2501; Moorhead, Gareth/0000-0002-9299-9549; Wemans, Andre/0000-0002-9669-9500; Ferrando, James/0000-0002-1007-7816; Veneziano, Stefano/0000-0002-2598-2659; Doyle, Anthony/0000-0001-6322-6195; Quinonez Granados, Fernando Andres/0000-0002-0153-6160; Belanger-Champagne, Camille/0000-0003-2368-2617; Lacasta, Carlos/0000-0002-2623-6252; Ventura, Andrea/0000-0002-3368-3413; Vazquez Schroeder, Tamara/0000-0002-9780-099X; Chen, Chunhui /0000-0003-1589-9955; Walsh, Brian/0000-0003-1689-2309; Price, Darren/0000-0003-2750-9977; Filthaut, Frank/0000-0003-3338-2247; Farrington, Sinead/0000-0001-5350-9271; Robson, Aidan/0000-0002-1659-8284; Canelli, Florencia/0000-0001-6361-2117; Weber, Michele/0000-0002-2770-9031; Beck, Hans Peter/0000-0001-7212-1096; Salamanna, Giuseppe/0000-0002-0861-0052; Prokofiev, Kirill/0000-0002-2177-6401; Della Volpe, Domenico/0000-0001-8530-7447; Vos, Marcel/0000-0001-8474-5357; Casadei, Diego/0000-0002-3343-3529; Mendes Saraiva, Joao Gentil/0000-0002-7006-0864; Hays, Chris/0000-0003-2371-9723; Osculati, Bianca Maria/0000-0002-7246-060X; Amorim, Antonio/0000-0003-0638-2321; Santos, Helena/0000-0003-1710-9291; Evans, Harold/0000-0003-2183-3127; Coccaro, Andrea/0000-0003-2368-4559; Cristinziani, Markus/0000-0003-3893-9171; Chromek-Burckhart, Doris/0000-0003-4243-3288; Qian, Jianming/0000-0003-4813-8167; Haas, Andrew/0000-0002-4832-0455; Nisati, Aleandro/0000-0002-5080-2293; Gray, Heather/0000-0002-5293-4716; Doria, Alessandra/0000-0002-5381-2649; Cranmer, Kyle/0000-0002-5769-7094; Veloso, Filipe/0000-0002-5956-4244; Gomes, Agostinho/0000-0002-5940-9893; Mincer, Allen/0000-0002-6307-1418; Grinstein, Sebastian/0000-0002-6460-8694; la rotonda, laura/0000-0002-6780-5829; Fiolhais, Miguel/0000-0001-9035-0335; Karyukhin, Andrey/0000-0001-9087-4315; Anjos, Nuno/0000-0002-0018-0633; Giordani, Mario/0000-0002-0792-6039; Juste, Aurelio/0000-0002-1558-3291; Begel, Michael/0000-0002-1634-4399; Abdelalim, Ahmed Ali/0000-0002-2056-7894; Capua, Marcella/0000-0002-2443-6525; Thomson, Mark/0000-0002-2654-9005; Vari, Riccardo/0000-0002-2814-1337; Di Micco, Biagio/0000-0002-4067-1592; Tartarelli, Giuseppe Francesco/0000-0002-4244-502X; Nielsen, Jason/0000-0002-9175-4419; Grancagnolo, Francesco/0000-0002-9367-3380; Dell'Asta, Lidia/0000-0002-9601-4225; abi, babak/0000-0001-7036-9645; Chen, Hucheng/0000-0002-9936-0115; Cataldi, Gabriella/0000-0001-8066-7718; Sawyer, Lee/0000-0001-8295-0605; Korol, Aleksandr/0000-0001-8448-218X; Turra, Ruggero/0000-0001-8740-796X; Maio, Amelia/0000-0001-9099-0009; Maneira, Jose/0000-0002-3222-2738; Prokoshin, Fedor/0000-0001-6389-5399; KHODINOV, ALEKSANDR/0000-0003-3551-5808; Goncalo, Ricardo/0000-0002-3826-3442; Gauzzi, Paolo/0000-0003-4841-5822; Solodkov, Alexander/0000-0002-2737-8674; Zaitsev, Alexandre/0000-0002-4961-8368; Monzani, Simone/0000-0002-0479-2207; Troncon, Clara/0000-0002-7997-8524; Bailey, David C/0000-0002-7970-7839; Fullana Torregrosa, Esteban/0000-0003-3082-621X; Guo, Jun/0000-0001-8125-9433; Smirnova, Oxana/0000-0003-2517-531X; Aguilar Saavedra, Juan Antonio/0000-0002-5475-8920; Leyton, Michael/0000-0002-0727-8107; Jones, Roger/0000-0002-6427-3513; Vranjes Milosavljevic, Marija/0000-0003-4477-9733; SULIN, VLADIMIR/0000-0003-3943-2495; Olshevskiy, Alexander/0000-0002-8902-1793; Vanadia, Marco/0000-0003-2684-276X; Ippolito, Valerio/0000-0001-5126-1620; Mora Herrera, Maria Clemencia/0000-0003-3915-3170; spagnolo, stefania/0000-0001-7482-6348; Camarri, Paolo/0000-0002-5732-5645; Tikhomirov, Vladimir/0000-0002-9634-0581; Gorelov, Igor/0000-0001-5570-0133; Gladilin, Leonid/0000-0001-9422-8636; Carvalho, Joao/0000-0002-3015-7821; Mashinistov, Ruslan/0000-0001-7925-4676; Booth, Christopher/0000-0002-6051-2847; Gonzalez de la Hoz, Santiago/0000-0001-5304-5390; Livan, Michele/0000-0002-5877-0062; Mitsou, Vasiliki/0000-0002-1533-8886; Joergensen, Morten/0000-0002-6790-9361; Riu, Imma/0000-0002-3742-4582; Mir, Lluisa-Maria/0000-0002-4276-715X; Della Pietra, Massimo/0000-0003-4446-3368; Ferrer, Antonio/0000-0003-0532-711X; Hansen, John/0000-0002-8422-5543; Grancagnolo, Sergio/0000-0001-8490-8304; Mikestikova, Marcela/0000-0003-1277-2596; Kuday, Sinan/0000-0002-0116-5494; Svatos, Michal/0000-0002-7199-3383; Peleganchuk, Sergey/0000-0003-0907-7592; Santamarina Rios, Cibran/0000-0002-9810-1816; Bosman, Martine/0000-0002-7290-643X; Lei, Xiaowen/0000-0002-2564-8351 FU ANPCyT, Argentina; YerPhI, Armenia; ARC, Australia; BMWF, Austria; ANAS, Azerbaijan; SSTC, Belarus; CNPq, Brazil; FAPESP, Brazil; NSERC, Canada; NRC, Canada; CFI, Canada; CERN; CONICYT, Chile; CAS, China; MOST, China; NSFC, China; COLCIENCIAS, Colombia; MSMT CR, Czech Republic; MPO CR, Czech Republic; VSC CR, Czech Republic; DNRF, Denmark; DNSRC, Denmark; Lundbeck Foundation, Denmark; ARTEMIS, European Union; IN2P3-CNRS, France; CEA-DSM/IRFU, France; GNAS, Georgia; BMBF, Germany; DFG, Germany; HGF, Germany; MPG, Germany; AvH Foundation, Germany; GSRT, Greece; ISF, Israel; MINERVA, Israel; GIF, Israel; DIP, Israel; Benoziyo Center, Israel; INFN, Italy; MEXT, Japan; JSPS, Japan; CNRST, Morocco; FOM, Netherlands; NWO, Netherlands; RCN, Norway; MNiSW, Poland; GRICES, Portugal; FCT, Portugal; MERYS (MECTS), Romania; MES of Russia; ROSATOM, Russian Federation; JINR; MSTD, Serbia; MSSR, Slovakia; ARRS, Slovenia; MVZT, Slovenia; DST/NRF, South Africa; MICINN, Spain; SRC, Sweden; Wallenberg Foundation, Sweden; SER, Switzerland; SNSF, Switzerland; Canton of Bern, Switzerland; Canton of Geneva, Switzerland; NSC, Taiwan; TAEK, Turkey; STFC, United Kingdom; Royal Society, United Kingdom; Leverhulme Trust, United Kingdom; DOE, United States of America; NSF, United States of America FX We thank CERN for the very successful operation of the LHC, as well as the support staff from our institutions without whom ATLAS could not be operated efficiently. We acknowledge the support of ANPCyT, Argentina; YerPhI, Armenia; ARC, Australia; BMWF, Austria; ANAS, Azerbaijan; SSTC, Belarus; CNPq and FAPESP, Brazil; NSERC, NRC and CFI, Canada; CERN; CONICYT, Chile; CAS, MOST and NSFC, China; COLCIENCIAS, Colombia; MSMT CR, MPO CR and VSC CR, Czech Republic; DNRF, DNSRC and Lundbeck Foundation, Denmark; ARTEMIS, European Union; IN2P3-CNRS, CEA-DSM/IRFU, France; GNAS, Georgia; BMBF, DFG, HGF, MPG and AvH Foundation, Germany; GSRT, Greece; ISF, MINERVA, GIF, DIP and Benoziyo Center, Israel; INFN, Italy; MEXT and JSPS, Japan; CNRST, Morocco; FOM and NWO, Netherlands; RCN, Norway; MNiSW, Poland; GRICES and FCT, Portugal; MERYS (MECTS), Romania; MES of Russia and ROSATOM, Russian Federation; JINR; MSTD, Serbia; MSSR, Slovakia; ARRS and MVZT, Slovenia; DST/NRF, South Africa; MICINN, Spain; SRC and Wallenberg Foundation, Sweden; SER, SNSF and Cantons of Bern and Geneva, Switzerland; NSC, Taiwan; TAEK, Turkey; STFC, the Royal Society and Leverhulme Trust, United Kingdom; DOE and NSF, United States of America. The crucial computing support from all WLCG partners is acknowledged gratefully, in particular from CERN and the ATLAS Tier-1 facilities at TRIUMF (Canada), NDGF (Denmark, Norway, Sweden), CC-IN2P3 (France), KIT/GridKA (Germany), INFN-CNAF (Italy), NL-T1 (Netherlands), PIC (Spain), ASGC (Taiwan), RAL (UK) and BNL (USA) and in the Tier-2 facilities worldwide. NR 54 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 2 U2 90 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1434-6044 EI 1434-6052 J9 EUR PHYS J C JI Eur. Phys. J. C PD OCT PY 2012 VL 72 IS 10 AR 2174 DI 10.1140/epjc/s10052-012-2174-z PG 19 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 030ZQ UT WOS:000310609100026 ER PT J AU Aaron, FD Abramowicz, H Abt, I Adamczyk, L Adamus, M Aggarwal, R Alexa, C Andreev, V Antonelli, S Antonioli, P Antonov, A Arneodo, M Arslan, O Aushev, V Aushev, Y Bachynska, O Backovic, S Baghdasaryan, A Baghdasaryan, S Bamberger, A Barakbaev, AN Barbagli, G Bari, G Barreiro, F Barrelet, E Bartel, W Bartosik, N Bartsch, D Basile, M Begzsuren, K Behnke, O Behr, J Behrens, U Bellagamba, L Belousov, A Belov, P Bertolin, A Bhadra, S Bindi, M Bizot, JC Blohm, C Bokhonov, V Bondarenko, K Boos, EG Borras, K Boscherini, D Bot, D Boudry, V Bozovic-Jelisavcic, I Bold, T Brummer, N Bracinik, J Brandt, G Brinkmann, M Brisson, V Britzger, D Brock, I Brownson, E Brugnera, R Bruncko, D Bruni, A Bruni, G Brzozowska, B Bunyatyan, A Bussey, PJ Bylinkin, A Bylsma, B Bystritskaya, L Caldwell, A Campbell, AJ Avila, KBC Capua, M Carlin, R Catterall, CD Ceccopieri, F Cerny, K Cerny, V Chekanov, S Chekelian, V Chwastowski, J Ciborowski, J Ciesielski, R Cifarelli, L Cindolo, F Contin, A Contreras, JG Cooper-Sarkar, AM Coppola, N Corradi, M Corriveau, F Costa, M Coughlan, JA Cvach, J D'Agostini, G Dainton, JB Dal Corso, F Daum, K Delcourt, B Delvax, J Dementiev, RK Derrick, M Devenish, RCE De Pasquale, S De Wolf, EA del Peso, J Diaconu, C Dobre, M Dobur, D Dodonov, V Dolgoshein, BA Dolinska, G Dossanov, A Doyle, AT Drugakov, V Dubak, A Durkin, LS Dusini, S Eckerlin, G Egli, S Eisenberg, Y Eliseev, A Elsen, E Ermolov, PF Eskreys, A Fang, S Favart, L Fazio, S Fedotov, A Felst, R Feltesse, J Ferencei, J Ferrando, J Ferrero, MI Figiel, J Fischer, DJ Fleischer, M Fomenko, A Forrest, M Foster, B Gabathuler, E Gach, G Galas, A Gallo, E Garfagnini, A Gayler, J Geiser, A Ghazaryan, S Gialas, I Gizhko, A Gladilin, LK Gladkov, D Glasman, C Glazov, A Goerlich, L Gogitidze, N Gogota, O Golubkov, YA Gottlicher, P Gouzevitch, M Grab, C Grabowska-Bold, I Grebenyuk, A Grebenyuk, J Greenshaw, T Gregor, I Grigorescu, G Grindhammer, G Grzelak, G Gueta, O Guzik, M Gwenlan, C Huttmann, A Haas, T Habib, S Haidt, D Hain, W Hamatsu, R Hart, JC Hartmann, H Hartner, G Henderson, RCW Hennekemper, E Henschel, H Herbst, M Herrera, G Hildebrandt, M Hilger, E Hiller, KH Hladky, J Hochman, D Hoffmann, D Hori, R Horisberger, R Hreus, T Huber, F Ibrahim, ZA Iga, Y Ingbir, R Ishitsuka, M Jacquet, M Jakob, HP Janssen, X Januschek, F Jones, TW Jonsson, L Jungst, M Jung, H Kadenko, I Kahle, B Kananov, S Kanno, T Kapichine, M Karshon, U Karstens, F Katkov, II Kaur, P Kaur, M Kenyon, IR Keramidas, A Khein, LA Kiesling, C Kim, JY Kisielewska, D Kitamura, S Klanner, R Klein, M Klein, U Kleinwort, C Koffeman, E Kogler, R Kondrashova, N Kononenko, O Kooijman, P Korol, I Korzhavina, IA Kostka, P Kotanski, A Kotz, U Kowalski, H Kramer, M Kretzschmar, J Kruger, K Kuprash, O Kuze, M Landon, MPJ Lange, W Lastovicka-Medin, G Laycock, P Lebedev, A Lee, 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Perlanski, W Perrey, H Petrukhin, A Picuric, I Piotrzkowski, K Pirumov, H Pitzl, D Placakyte, R Plucinski, P Pokorny, B Pokrovskiy, NS Polifka, R Polini, A Povh, B Proskuryakov, AS Przybycien, M Radescu, V Raicevic, N Raval, A Ravdandorj, T Reeder, DD Reimer, P Reisert, B Ren, Z Repond, J Ri, YD Rizvi, E Robertson, A Robmann, P Roloff, P Roosen, R Rostovtsev, A Rotaru, M Rubinsky, I Tabasco, JER Rusakov, S Ruspa, M Sacchi, R Salek, D Samson, U Sankey, DPC Sartorelli, G Sauter, M Sauvan, E Savin, AA Saxon, DH Schioppa, M Schlenstedt, S Schleper, P Schmidke, WB Schmitt, S Schneekloth, U Schoeffel, L Schonberg, V Schoning, A Schorner-Sadenius, T Schultz-Coulon, HC Schwartz, J Sciulli, F Sefkow, F Shcheglova, LM Shehzadi, R Shimizu, S Shtarkov, LN Shushkevich, S Singh, I Skillicorn, IO Slominski, W Sloan, T Smith, WH Sola, V Solano, A Soloviev, Y Son, D Sopicki, P Sosnovtsev, V South, D Spaskov, V Specka, A Spiridonov, A Stadie, H Stanco, L Staykova, Z Steder, M Stefaniuk, N Stella, B Stern, A Stewart, TP Stifutkin, A Stoicea, G Stopa, P Straumann, U Suchkov, S Susinno, G Suszycki, L Sykora, T Sztuk-Dambietz, J Szuba, J Szuba, D Tapper, AD Tassi, E Terron, J Theedt, T Thompson, PD Tiecke, H Tokushuku, K Tomaszewska, J Tran, TH Traynor, D Truol, P Trusov, V Tsakov, I Tseepeldorj, B Tsurugai, T Turcato, M Turkot, O Turnau, J Tymieniecka, T Vazquez, M Valkarova, A Vallee, C Van Mechelen, P Vazdik, Y Verbytskyi, A Viazlo, O Vlasov, NN Walczak, R Abdullah, WATW Wegener, D Whitmore, JJ Wichmann, K Wiggers, L Wing, M Wlasenko, M Wolf, G Wolfe, H Wrona, K Wunsch, E Yagues-Molina, AG Yamada, S Yamazaki, Y Yoshida, R Youngman, C Zabiegalov, O Zacek, J Zalesak, J Zawiejski, L Zenaiev, O Zeuner, W Zhang, Z Zhautykov, BO Zhmak, N Zhokin, A Zichichi, A Zlebcik, R Zohrabyan, H Zolkapli, Z Zomer, F Zotkin, DS Zarnecki, AF AF Aaron, F. 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Notz, D. Nowak, G. Nowak, K. Nowak, R. J. Nuncio-Quiroz, A. E. Oh, B. Y. Okazaki, N. Olkiewicz, K. Olsson, J. E. Onishchuk, Y. Ozerov, D. Pahl, P. Palichik, V. Pandurovic, M. Papageorgiu, K. Parenti, A. Pascaud, C. Patel, G. D. Paul, E. Pawlak, J. M. Pawlik, B. Pelfer, P. G. Pellegrino, A. Perez, E. Perlanski, W. Perrey, H. Petrukhin, A. Picuric, I. Piotrzkowski, K. Pirumov, H. Pitzl, D. Placakyte, R. Plucinski, P. Pokorny, B. Pokrovskiy, N. S. Polifka, R. Polini, A. Povh, B. Proskuryakov, A. S. Przybycien, M. Radescu, V. Raicevic, N. Raval, A. Ravdandorj, T. Reeder, D. D. Reimer, P. Reisert, B. Ren, Z. Repond, J. Ri, Y. D. Rizvi, E. Robertson, A. Robmann, P. Roloff, P. Roosen, R. Rostovtsev, A. Rotaru, M. Rubinsky, I. Tabasco, J. E. Ruiz Rusakov, S. Ruspa, M. Sacchi, R. Salek, D. Samson, U. Sankey, D. P. C. Sartorelli, G. Sauter, M. Sauvan, E. Savin, A. A. Saxon, D. H. Schioppa, M. Schlenstedt, S. Schleper, P. Schmidke, W. B. Schmitt, S. Schneekloth, U. Schoeffel, L. Schoenberg, V. Schoening, A. Schoerner-Sadenius, T. Schultz-Coulon, H-C. Schwartz, J. Sciulli, F. Sefkow, F. Shcheglova, L. M. Shehzadi, R. Shimizu, S. Shtarkov, L. N. Shushkevich, S. Singh, I. Skillicorn, I. O. Slominski, W. Sloan, T. Smith, W. H. Sola, V. Solano, A. Soloviev, Y. Son, D. Sopicki, P. Sosnovtsev, V. South, D. Spaskov, V. Specka, A. Spiridonov, A. Stadie, H. Stanco, L. Staykova, Z. Steder, M. Stefaniuk, N. Stella, B. Stern, A. Stewart, T. P. Stifutkin, A. Stoicea, G. Stopa, P. Straumann, U. Suchkov, S. Susinno, G. Suszycki, L. Sykora, T. Sztuk-Dambietz, J. Szuba, J. Szuba, D. Tapper, A. D. Tassi, E. Terron, J. Theedt, T. Thompson, P. D. Tiecke, H. Tokushuku, K. Tomaszewska, J. Tran, T. H. Traynor, D. Truoel, P. Trusov, V. Tsakov, I. Tseepeldorj, B. Tsurugai, T. Turcato, M. Turkot, O. Turnau, J. Tymieniecka, T. Vazquez, M. Valkarova, A. Vallee, C. Van Mechelen, P. Vazdik, Y. Verbytskyi, A. Viazlo, O. Vlasov, N. N. Walczak, R. Abdullah, W. A. T. Wan Wegener, D. Whitmore, J. J. Wichmann, K. Wiggers, L. Wing, M. Wlasenko, M. Wolf, G. Wolfe, H. Wrona, K. Wuensch, E. Yaguees-Molina, A. G. Yamada, S. Yamazaki, Y. Yoshida, R. Youngman, C. Zabiegalov, O. Zacek, J. Zalesak, J. Zawiejski, L. Zenaiev, O. Zeuner, W. Zhang, Z. Zhautykov, B. O. Zhmak, N. Zhokin, A. Zichichi, A. Zlebcik, R. Zohrabyan, H. Zolkapli, Z. Zomer, F. Zotkin, D. S. Zarnecki, A. F. CA H1 Collaboration ZEUS Collaboration TI Combined inclusive diffractive cross sections measured with forward proton spectrometers in deep inelastic ep scattering at HERA SO EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL C LA English DT Article ID LEADING PROTON; QCD ANALYSIS; CALORIMETER AB A combination of the inclusive diffractive cross section measurements made by the H1 and ZEUS Collaborations at HERA is presented. The analysis uses samples of diffractive deep inelastic ep scattering data at a centre-of-mass energy root s = 318 GeV where leading protons are detected by dedicated spectrometers. Correlations of systematic uncertainties are taken into account, resulting in an improved precision of the cross section measurement which reaches 6 % for the most precise points. The combined data cover the range 2.5 < Q(2) < 200 GeV2 in photon virtuality, 0.00035 < x(P) < 0.09 in proton fractional momentum loss, 0.09 < vertical bar t vertical bar < 0.55 GeV2 in squared four-momentum transfer at the proton vertex and 0.0018 < beta < 0.816 in beta = x/x(P), where x is the Bjorken scaling variable. C1 [Aaron, F. D.; Alexa, C.; Rotaru, M.; Stoicea, G.] NIPNE, Bucharest, Romania. [Martyn, H-U.; Morris, J. D.] Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 1, D-52062 Aachen, Germany. [Barakbaev, A. N.; Boos, E. G.; Pokrovskiy, N. S.; Zhautykov, B. O.] Minist Educ & Sci Kazakhstan, Inst Phys & Technol, Alma Ata, Kazakhstan. [Grigorescu, G.; Keramidas, A.; Koffeman, E.; Kooijman, P.; Pellegrino, A.; Tiecke, H.; Vazquez, M.; Wiggers, L.] NIKHEF, Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Grigorescu, G.; Keramidas, A.; Koffeman, E.; Kooijman, P.; Pellegrino, A.; Tiecke, H.; Vazquez, M.; Wiggers, L.] Univ Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Ceccopieri, F.; Delvax, J.; De Wolf, E. A.; Favart, L.; Hreus, T.; Janssen, X.; Jung, H.; Roosen, R.; Staykova, Z.; Sykora, T.; Van Mechelen, P.] Inter Univ Inst High Energies ULB VUB, Brussels, Belgium. [Ceccopieri, F.; Delvax, J.; De Wolf, E. A.; Favart, L.; Hreus, T.; Janssen, X.; Jung, H.; Roosen, R.; Staykova, Z.; Sykora, T.; Van Mechelen, P.] Univ Antwerp, B-2020 Antwerp, Belgium. [Chekanov, S.; Derrick, M.; Magill, S.; Musgrave, B.; Repond, J.; Yoshida, R.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Bozovic-Jelisavcic, I.; Pandurovic, M.] Univ Belgrade, Vinca Inst Nucl Sci, Belgrade 1100, Serbia. [Mattingly, M. C. K.] Andrews Univ, Berrien Springs, MI 49104 USA. [Bracinik, J.; Kenyon, I. R.; Newman, P. R.; Thompson, P. D.] Univ Birmingham, Sch Phys & Astron, Birmingham, W Midlands, England. [Antonelli, S.; Antonioli, P.; Bari, G.; Basile, M.; Bellagamba, L.; Bindi, M.; Boscherini, D.; Bruni, A.; Bruni, G.; Cifarelli, L.; Cindolo, F.; Contin, A.; Corradi, M.; De Pasquale, S.; Margotti, A.; Nania, R.; Polini, A.; Sartorelli, G.; Zichichi, A.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-40126 Bologna, Italy. [Antonelli, S.; Basile, M.; Bindi, M.; Cifarelli, L.; Contin, A.; De Pasquale, S.; Sartorelli, G.; Zichichi, A.] Univ Bologna, Bologna, Italy. [Arslan, O.; Bartsch, D.; Brock, I.; Hartmann, H.; Hilger, E.; Jakob, H-P.; Juengst, M.; Mergelmeyer, S.; Nuncio-Quiroz, A. E.; Paul, E.; Samson, U.; Schoenberg, V.; Shehzadi, R.; Wlasenko, M.] Univ Bonn, Inst Phys, Bonn, Germany. [Morris, J. D.] Univ Bristol, HH Wills Phys Lab, Bristol BS8 1TL, Avon, England. [Aggarwal, R.; Kaur, P.; Kaur, M.; Singh, I.] Panjab Univ, Dept Phys, Chandigarh 160014, India. [Gialas, I.; Papageorgiu, K.] Univ Aegean, Dept Engn Management & Finance, Chios, Greece. [Bruemmer, N.; Bylsma, B.; Durkin, L. S.; Lee, A.; Ling, T. Y.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Capua, M.; Fazio, S.; Mastroberardino, A.; Schioppa, M.; Susinno, G.; Tassi, E.] Univ Calabria, Dept Phys, I-87036 Cosenza, Italy. [Capua, M.; Fazio, S.; Mastroberardino, A.; Schioppa, M.; Susinno, G.; Tassi, E.] Univ Calabria, INFN, I-87036 Cosenza, Italy. [Chwastowski, J.; Eskreys, A.; Figiel, J.; Galas, A.; Goerlich, L.; Mikocki, S.; Milcewicz-Mika, I.; Nowak, G.; Olkiewicz, K.; Pawlik, B.; Sopicki, P.; Stopa, P.; Turnau, J.; Zawiejski, L.] Polish Acad Sci, Henryk Niewodniczanski Inst Nucl Phys, Krakow, Poland. [Kotanski, A.; Slominski, W.] Jagellonian Univ, Dept Phys, Krakow, Poland. [Son, D.] Kyungpook Natl Univ, Ctr High Energy Phys, Taegu, South Korea. [Wegener, D.] TU Dortmund, Inst Phys, Dortmund, Germany. [Kapichine, M.; Morozov, A.; Nikitin, D.; Palichik, V.; Spaskov, V.] Joint Inst Nucl Res, Dubna, Russia. [Barbagli, G.; Gallo, E.; Pelfer, P. G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-50125 Florence, Italy. [Pelfer, P. G.] Univ Florence, Florence, Italy. [Bamberger, A.; Dobur, D.; Karstens, F.; Soloviev, Y.; Vlasov, N. N.] Univ Freiburg, Fak Phys, Freiburg, Germany. [Feltesse, J.; Perez, E.; Schoeffel, L.] CE Saclay, DSM Irfu, CEA, Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Bussey, P. J.; Doyle, A. T.; Ferrando, J.; Forrest, M.; Saxon, D. H.; Skillicorn, I. O.] Univ Glasgow, Sch Phys & Astron, Glasgow, Lanark, Scotland. [Dobre, M.; Dossanov, A.; Klanner, R.; Kogler, R.; Lohrmann, E.; Schleper, P.; Sola, V.; Stadie, H.; Sztuk-Dambietz, J.; Szuba, D.; Tassi, E.; Turcato, M.] Univ Hamburg, Inst Expt Phys, Hamburg, Germany. [Bachynska, O.; Bartel, W.; Bartosik, N.; Behnke, O.; Behr, J.; Behrens, U.; Belov, P.; Blohm, C.; Borras, K.; Bot, D.; Brandt, G.; Brinkmann, M.; Britzger, D.; Campbell, A. J.; Ciesielski, R.; Coppola, N.; Eckerlin, G.; Elsen, E.; Fang, S.; Felst, R.; Fischer, D-J.; Fleischer, M.; Gayler, J.; Geiser, A.; Ghazaryan, S.; Glazov, A.; Goettlicher, P.; Gouzevitch, M.; Grebenyuk, A.; Grebenyuk, J.; Gregor, I.; Huettmann, A.; Haas, T.; Habib, S.; Haidt, D.; Hain, W.; Januschek, F.; Jung, H.; Kahle, B.; Katkov, I. I.; Klein, U.; Kleinwort, C.; Koetz, U.; Kowalski, H.; Kraemer, M.; Kuprash, O.; Levonian, S.; Libov, V.; Lipka, K.; Lisovyi, M.; List, B.; List, J.; Lobodzinska, E.; Lobodzinski, B.; Loehr, B.; Lontkovskyi, D.; Makarenko, I.; Malka, J.; Mankel, R.; Melzer-Pellmann, I-A.; Meyer, A. B.; Meyer, J.; Miglioranzi, S.; Montanari, A.; Mujkic, K.; Namsoo, T.; Niebuhr, C.; Notz, D.; Nowak, K.; Olsson, J. 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EM daum@mail.desy.de RI Belousov, Anatoli/N-2102-2015; Vazdik, Iakov/N-2624-2015; Gladilin, Leonid/B-5226-2011; Belov, Pavel/N-2871-2015; Ozerov, Dmitry/E-9139-2016; De Pasquale, Salvatore/B-9165-2008; dusini, stefano/J-3686-2012; Kapishin, Mikhail/H-5834-2013; Capua, Marcella/A-8549-2015; Levchenko, B./D-9752-2012; Korzhavina, Irina/D-6848-2012; Wiggers, Leo/B-5218-2015; Suchkov, Sergey/M-6671-2015; Levonian, Sergey/M-8693-2015; Soloviev, Yury/M-8788-2015; Andreev, Vladimir/M-8665-2015; Fomenko, Alexander/I-7900-2014; Lebedev, Andrey/M-9710-2015; Malinovski, Evgenii/N-1034-2015; Gogitidze, Nelli/N-1224-2015; Eliseev, Alexandr/N-2090-2015; Proskuryakov, Alexander/J-6166-2012; Dementiev, Roman/K-7201-2012; Bylinkin, Alexander/L-7709-2014; Fazio, Salvatore /G-5156-2010; Ferrando, James/A-9192-2012; Doyle, Anthony/C-5889-2009; Alexa, Calin/F-6345-2010; Stoicea, Gabriel/B-6717-2011; Janssen, Xavier/E-1915-2013; Reimer, Petr/G-5903-2014; Hladky, Jan/G-7953-2014; Cvach, Jaroslav/G-6269-2014; Zalesak, Jaroslav/G-5691-2014 OI Gladilin, Leonid/0000-0001-9422-8636; Belov, Pavel/0000-0002-4004-7001; De Pasquale, Salvatore/0000-0001-9236-0748; dusini, stefano/0000-0002-1128-0664; Kapishin, Mikhail/0000-0001-8473-4631; Capua, Marcella/0000-0002-2443-6525; Longhin, Andrea/0000-0001-9103-9936; Raval, Amita/0000-0003-0164-4337; Wiggers, Leo/0000-0003-1060-0520; Soloviev, Yury/0000-0003-1136-2827; Bylinkin, Alexander/0000-0001-6286-120X; Ferrando, James/0000-0002-1007-7816; Doyle, Anthony/0000-0001-6322-6195; Stoicea, Gabriel/0000-0002-7511-4614; Zalesak, Jaroslav/0000-0002-4519-4705 FU Initiative and Networking Fund of the Helmholtz Association (HGF) [VH-NG-401, S0-072]; Max Planck Institute for Physics, Munich, Germany; Polish National Science Centre [DEC-2011/01/BST2/03643]; Warsaw University, Poland; DESY, Germany; Russian Foundation for Basic Research [11-02-91345-DFG_a]; National Science Foundation; Bundesministerium fur Bildung und Forschung, FRG [05H09GUF, 05H09VHC, 05H09VHF, 05H16PEA]; FNRS-FWO-Vlaanderen; IISN-IIKW; IWT; Interuniversity Attraction Poles Programme, Belgian Science Policy; Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education [DPN/N168/DESY/2009, DPN/N188/DESY/2009]; VEGA SR [2/7062/27]; Swedish Natural Science Research Council; Ministry of Education of the Czech Republic [LC527, INGO-LA09042, MSM0021620859]; Swiss National Science Foundation; CONACYT, Mexico [48778-F]; Russian Foundation for Basic Research (RFBR) [1329.2008.2]; Romanian National Authority for Scientific Research [PN 09370101]; Ministry of Science of Montenegro [05-1/3-3352]; US Department of Energy; Italian National Institute for Nuclear Physics (INFN); German Federal Ministry for Education and Research (BMBF) [05H09GUF, 05 H09PDF]; Science and Technology Facilities Council, UK; FRGS from the Malaysian government; US National Science Foundation; Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) [SFB 676]; Japanese Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT); Korean Ministry of Education; Korea Science and Engineering Foundation; FNRS; Inter-University Attraction Poles Programme; Belgian Federal Science Policy Office; Spanish Ministry of Education and Science through CICYT; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC); German Federal Ministry for Education and Research (BMBF); RF [N 4142.2010.2]; Russian Ministry of Education and Science [02.740.11.0244]; Netherlands Foundation for Research on Matter (FOM); Israel Science Foundation; [1 P03B 04529] FX Supported by the Initiative and Networking Fund of the Helmholtz Association (HGF) under the contract VH-NG-401 and S0-072.; Also funded by Max Planck Institute for Physics, Munich, Germany.; Supported by the research grant No. 1 P03B 04529 (2005-2008).; Supported by the Polish National Science Centre, project No. DEC-2011/01/BST2/03643.; Partially supported by Warsaw University, Poland.; Supported by DESY, Germany.; Partly supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research, grant 11-02-91345-DFG_a.; This material was based on work supported by the National Science Foundation, while working at the Foundation.; Supported by the Bundesministerium fur Bildung und Forschung, FRG, under contract numbers 05H09GUF, 05H09VHC, 05H09VHF, 05H16PEA.; Supported by FNRS-FWO-Vlaanderen, IISN-IIKW and IWT and by Interuniversity Attraction Poles Programme, Belgian Science Policy.; Supported by Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education, grants DPN/N168/DESY/2009 and DPN/N188/DESY/2009.; Supported by VEGA SR grant no. 2/7062/27.; Supported by the Swedish Natural Science Research Council.; Supported by the Ministry of Education of the Czech Republic under the projects LC527, INGO-LA09042 and MSM0021620859.; Supported by the Swiss National Science Foundation.; Supported by CONACYT, Mexico, grant 48778-F.; Russian Foundation for Basic Research (RFBR), grant no. 1329.2008.2 and Rosatom.; Supported by the Romanian National Authority for Scientific Research under the contract PN 09370101.; Partially Supported by Ministry of Science of Montenegro, no. 05-1/3-3352.; Supported by the US Department of Energy.; Supported by the Italian National Institute for Nuclear Physics (INFN).; Supported by the German Federal Ministry for Education and Research (BMBF), under contract No. 05 H09PDF.; Supported by the Science and Technology Facilities Council, UK.; Supported by an FRGS grant from the Malaysian government.; Supported by the US National Science Foundation. Any opinion, findings and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Science Foundation.; Supported by the Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education and its grants for Scientific Research.; Supported by the German Federal Ministry for Education and Research (BMBF), under contract No. 05h09GUF, and the SFB 676 of the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG).; Supported by the Japanese Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT) and its grants for Scientific Research.; Supported by the Korean Ministry of Education and Korea Science and Engineering Foundation.; Supported by FNRS and its associated funds (IISN and FRIA) and by an Inter-University Attraction Poles Programme subsidised by the Belgian Federal Science Policy Office.; Supported by the Spanish Ministry of Education and Science through funds provided by CICYT.; Supported by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC).; Partially supported by the German Federal Ministry for Education and Research (BMBF).; Supported by RF Presidential grant N 4142.2010.2 for Leading Scientific Schools, by the Russian Ministry of Education and Science through its grant for Scientific Research on High Energy Physics and under contract No. 02.740.11.0244.; Supported by the Netherlands Foundation for Research on Matter (FOM).; Supported by the Israel Science Foundation. NR 15 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 29 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1434-6044 J9 EUR PHYS J C JI Eur. Phys. J. 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Wilk, A. Wilk, G. Williams, M. C. S. Windelband, B. Karampatsos, L. Xaplanteris Yaldo, C. G. Yamaguchi, Y. Yang, H. Yang, S. Yasnopolskiy, S. Yi, J. Yin, Z. Yoo, I. -K. Yoon, J. Yu, W. Yuan, X. Yushmanov, I. Zach, C. Zampolli, C. Zaporozhets, S. Zarochentsev, A. Zavada, P. Zaviyalov, N. Zbroszczyk, H. Zelnicek, P. Zgura, I. S. Zhalov, M. Zhang, H. Zhang, X. Zhou, D. Zhou, F. Zhou, Y. Zhu, J. Zhu, X. Zichichi, A. Zimmermann, A. Zinovjev, G. Zoccarato, Y. Zynovyev, M. Zyzak, M. CA ALICE Collaboration TI Production of K*(892)(0) and phi(1020) in pp collisions at root s=7 TeV SO EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL C LA English DT Article ID STRANGE QUARK SUPPRESSION; PROTON-PROTON COLLISIONS; VECTOR-MESON PRODUCTION; HEAVY-ION COLLISIONS; RESONANCE PRODUCTION; PARTICLE-PRODUCTION; HADRON-PRODUCTION; ALICE; LHC; ANNIHILATION AB The production of K*(892)(0) and phi(1020) in pp collisions at root s = 7 TeV was measured by the ALICE experiment at the LHC. The yields and the transverse momentum spectra d(2)N/dydp(T) at midrapidity vertical bar y vertical bar < 0.5 in the range 0 < p(T) < 6 GeV/c for K*(892)(0) and 0.4 < p(T) < 6 GeV/c for phi(1020) are reported and compared to model predictions. Using the yield of pions, kaons, and Omega baryons measured previously by ALICE at root s = 7 TeV, the ratios K*/K-, phi/K*, phi/ K-, phi/pi(-), and (Omega + <(Omega)over bar>)/phi are presented. The values of the K*/K-, phi/K* and phi/K- ratios are similar to those found at lower centre-of-mass energies. In contrast, the phi/pi(-) ratio, which has been observed to increase with energy, seems to saturate above 200 GeV. The (Omega + (Omega) over bar)/phi ratio in the p(T) range 1-5 GeV/ c is found to be in good agreement with the prediction of the HIJING/B (B) over bar v2.0model with a strong colour field. C1 [Abelev, B.; Garishvili, I.; Soltz, R.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Hess, B. A.; Schmidt, H. 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[Anielski, J.; Bathen, B.; Dietel, T.; Emschermann, D.; Feldkamp, L.; Heide, M.; Klein-Boesing, C.; Passfeld, A.; Santo, R.; Wessels, J. P.; Westerhoff, U.; Wilde, M.; Wilk, A.] Univ Munster, Inst Kernphys, D-4400 Munster, Germany. [Spyropoulou-Stassinaki, M.; Vasileiou, M.] Univ Athens, Dept Phys, Athens, Greece. [Adamova, D.; Bielcikova, J.; Kushpil, S.; Kushpil, V.; Sumbera, M.; Vajzer, M.] Acad Sci Czech Republic, Inst Nucl Phys, CZ-25068 Rez, Czech Republic. [Alkin, A.; Grinyov, B.; Ivanytskyi, O.; Martynov, Y.; Trubnikov, V.; Zinovjev, G.; Zynovyev, M.] Bogolyubov Inst Theoret Phys, Kiev, Ukraine. [Armesto, N.; Ferreiro, E. G.; Pajares, C.; Salgado, C. A.] Univ Santiago de Compostela, Dept Fis Particulas, Santiago De Compostela, Spain. [Armesto, N.; Ferreiro, E. G.; Pajares, C.; Salgado, C. A.] Univ Santiago de Compostela, IGFAE, Santiago De Compostela, Spain. [Christiansen, P.; Oskarsson, A.; Richert, T.; Stenlund, E.] Lund Univ, Div Expt High Energy Phys, Lund, Sweden. [Sakaguchi, H.; Shigaki, K.; Sugitate, T.] Hiroshima Univ, Hiroshima, Japan. [Awes, T. C.; Ganoti, P.; Silvermyr, D.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. [Cherney, M.; Nilsen, B. S.] Creighton Univ, Dept Phys, Omaha, NE 68178 USA. [Chinellato, D. D.; Dash, A.; Takahashi, J.] Univ Estadual Campinas UNICAMP, Campinas, SP, Brazil. [Gotovac, S.; Mudnic, E.; Vickovic, L.] Tech Univ Split FESB, Split, Croatia. [Bearden, I. G.; Bilandzic, A.; Boggild, H.; Christensen, C. H.; Dalsgaard, H. H.; Gaardhoje, J. J.; Gulbrandsen, K.; Hansen, A.; Nielsen, B. S.; Nygaard, C.; Sogaard, C.] Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark. [Cortese, P.; Ferretti, R.; Ramello, L.; Senyukov, S.; Sitta, M.] Grp Collegato INFN, Alessandria, Italy. [Cortese, P.; Ferretti, R.; Ramello, L.; Senyukov, S.; Sitta, M.] Univ Piemonte Orientale, Dipartimento Sci & Innovaz Tecnol, Alessandria, Italy. [Adare, A. M.; Aronsson, T.; Caines, H.; Harris, J. W.; Hicks, B.; Hille, P. T.; Ma, R.; Oh, S.; Smirnov, N.] Yale Univ, New Haven, CT USA. [Garcia-Solis, E.] Chicago State Univ, Chicago, IL USA. [Krawutschke, T.] Fachhsch Koln, Cologne, Germany. China Inst Atom Energy, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Baldisseri, A.; Borel, H.; Castellanos, J. Castillo; Charvet, J. L.; Geuna, C.; Da Costa, H. Pereira; Rakotozafindrabe, A.; Yang, H.] Commissariat Energie Atom, IRFU, Saclay, France. [Behera, N. K.; Dash, S.; Jena, S.; Meethaleveedu, G. Koyithatta; Kumar, J.; Nandi, B. K.; Nyatha, A.; Pujahari, P.; Varma, R.] Indian Inst Technol, Bombay 400076, Maharashtra, India. [Agocs, A. G.; Barnafoeldi, G. G.; Bencedi, G.; Berenyi, D.; Boldizsar, L.; Denes, E.; Hamar, G.; Levai, P.; Molnar, L.; Pochybova, S.] Hungarian Acad Sci, KFKI Res Inst Particle & Nucl Phys, Budapest, Hungary. [Milosevic, J.] Univ Belgrade, Vinca Inst Nucl Sci, Belgrade, Serbia. [Milosevic, J.] Univ Belgrade, Fac Phys, Belgrade 11001, Serbia. RP Abelev, B (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM Angela.Badala@ct.infn.it RI Sevcenco, Adrian/C-1832-2012; Castillo Castellanos, Javier/G-8915-2013; Voloshin, Sergei/I-4122-2013; Zarochentsev, Andrey/J-6253-2013; feofilov, grigory/A-2549-2013; Bregant, Marco/I-7663-2012; Williams, Crispin/A-8733-2013; Felea, Daniel/C-1885-2012; Barnby, Lee/G-2135-2010; Barbera, Roberto/G-5805-2012; Takahashi, Jun/B-2946-2012; Mischke, Andre/D-3614-2011; Ramello, Luciano/F-9357-2013; Barnafoldi, Gergely Gabor/L-3486-2013; Christensen, Christian Holm/A-4901-2010; Chinellato, David/D-3092-2012; Levai, Peter/A-1544-2014; Guber, Fedor/I-4271-2013; Martinez Davalos, Arnulfo/F-3498-2013; Wagner, Vladimir/G-5650-2014; Vajzer, Michal/G-8469-2014; Krizek, Filip/G-8967-2014; Bielcikova, Jana/G-9342-2014; Adamova, Dagmar/G-9789-2014; Ferretti, Alessandro/F-4856-2013; Vickovic, Linda/F-3517-2017; Fernandez Tellez, Arturo/E-9700-2017; Jena, Deepika/P-2873-2015; Jena, Satyajit/P-2409-2015; Akindinov, Alexander/J-2674-2016; Nattrass, Christine/J-6752-2016; Suaide, Alexandre/L-6239-2016; van der Kolk, Naomi/M-9423-2016; Deppman, Airton/J-5787-2014; Inst. of Physics, Gleb Wataghin/A-9780-2017; Ferreiro, Elena/C-3797-2017; Armesto, Nestor/C-4341-2017; Martinez Hernandez, Mario Ivan/F-4083-2010; Karasu Uysal, Ayben/K-3981-2015; HAMAGAKI, HIDEKI/G-4899-2014; Pshenichnov, Igor/A-4063-2008; Altsybeev, Igor/K-6687-2013; Vechernin, Vladimir/J-5832-2013; Graczykowski, Lukasz/O-7522-2015; Janik, Malgorzata/O-7520-2015; Christensen, Christian/D-6461-2012; De Pasquale, Salvatore/B-9165-2008; de Cuveland, Jan/H-6454-2016; Kurepin, Alexey/H-4852-2013; Blau, Dmitry/H-4523-2012; Yang, Hongyan/J-9826-2014; Turrisi, Rosario/H-4933-2012; Cosentino, Mauro/L-2418-2014; Bearden, Ian/M-4504-2014; Sumbera, Michal/O-7497-2014; Peitzmann, Thomas/K-2206-2012; Kharlov, Yuri/D-2700-2015; Mitu, Ciprian/E-6733-2011; Usai, Gianluca/E-9604-2015; Salgado, Carlos A./G-2168-2015; Bruna, Elena/C-4939-2014 OI Sevcenco, Adrian/0000-0002-4151-1056; Castillo Castellanos, Javier/0000-0002-5187-2779; Zarochentsev, Andrey/0000-0002-3502-8084; feofilov, grigory/0000-0003-3700-8623; Felea, Daniel/0000-0002-3734-9439; Barnby, Lee/0000-0001-7357-9904; Barbera, Roberto/0000-0001-5971-6415; Takahashi, Jun/0000-0002-4091-1779; Christensen, Christian Holm/0000-0002-1850-0121; Chinellato, David/0000-0002-9982-9577; Guber, Fedor/0000-0001-8790-3218; Martinez Davalos, Arnulfo/0000-0002-9481-9548; Ferretti, Alessandro/0000-0001-9084-5784; Vickovic, Linda/0000-0002-9820-7960; Fernandez Tellez, Arturo/0000-0003-0152-4220; Di Bari, Domenico/0000-0002-5559-8906; Jena, Deepika/0000-0003-2112-0311; Jena, Satyajit/0000-0002-6220-6982; Akindinov, Alexander/0000-0002-7388-3022; Nattrass, Christine/0000-0002-8768-6468; Suaide, Alexandre/0000-0003-2847-6556; van der Kolk, Naomi/0000-0002-8670-0408; Deppman, Airton/0000-0001-9179-6363; Ferreiro, Elena/0000-0002-4449-2356; Armesto, Nestor/0000-0003-0940-0783; Martinez Hernandez, Mario Ivan/0000-0002-8503-3009; Karasu Uysal, Ayben/0000-0001-6297-2532; Pshenichnov, Igor/0000-0003-1752-4524; Altsybeev, Igor/0000-0002-8079-7026; Vechernin, Vladimir/0000-0003-1458-8055; Janik, Malgorzata/0000-0002-3356-3438; Christensen, Christian/0000-0002-1850-0121; De Pasquale, Salvatore/0000-0001-9236-0748; de Cuveland, Jan/0000-0003-0455-1398; Kurepin, Alexey/0000-0002-1851-4136; Cosentino, Mauro/0000-0002-7880-8611; Bearden, Ian/0000-0003-2784-3094; Sumbera, Michal/0000-0002-0639-7323; Peitzmann, Thomas/0000-0002-7116-899X; Usai, Gianluca/0000-0002-8659-8378; Salgado, Carlos A./0000-0003-4586-2758; Bruna, Elena/0000-0001-5427-1461 FU Calouste Gulbenkian Foundation from Lisbon; Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq); Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos (FINEP); Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo (FAPESP); National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC); Chinese Ministry of Education (CMOE); Ministry of Science and Technology of China (MSTC); Ministry of Education and Youth of the Czech Republic; Danish Natural Science Research Council; Carlsberg Foundation; Danish National Research Foundation; European Research Council under the European Community; Helsinki Institute of Physics; Academy of Finland; French CNRS-IN2P3, France; Region Pays de Loire, France; Region Alsace, France; Region Auvergne, France; CEA, France; German BMBF; Helmholtz Association; General Secretariat for Research and Technology, Ministry of Development, Greece; Hungarian OTKA; National Office for Research and Technology (NKTH); Department of Atomic Energy; Department of Science and Technology of the Government of India; Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN) of Italy; MEXT, Japan; Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna; National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF); CONACYT, Mexico; DGAPA, Mexico; ALFA-EC; HELEN Program (High-Energy physics Latin-American-European Network); Stichting voor Fundamenteel Onderzoek der Materie (FOM), Netherlands; Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek (NWO), Netherlands; Research Council of Norway (NFR); Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education; National Authority for Scientific Research-NASR (Autoritatea Nationala pentru Cercetare, Stiintifica-ANCS); Federal Agency of Science of the Ministry of Education and Science of Russian Federation; International Science and Technology Center; Russian Academy of Sciences; Russian Federal Agency of Atomic Energy; Russian Federal Agency for Science and Innovations; CERN-INTAS; Ministry of Education of Slovakia; Department of Science and Technology, South Africa; CIEMAT; EELA; Ministerio de Educacion y Ciencia of Spain; Xunta de Galicia (Conselleria de Educacion); CEADEN; Cubaenergia; Cuba; IAEA (International Atomic Energy Agency); Swedish Research Council (VR); Knut & Alice Wallenberg Foundation (KAW); Ukraine Ministry of Education and Science; United Kingdom Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC); United States Department of Energy; United States National Science Foundation; State of Texas; State of Ohio; Swiss Fonds Kidagan, Armenia FX The ALICE collaboration acknowledges the following funding agencies for their support in building and running the ALICE detector: Calouste Gulbenkian Foundation from Lisbon and Swiss Fonds Kidagan, Armenia; Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq), Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos (FINEP), Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo (FAPESP); National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC), the Chinese Ministry of Education (CMOE) and the Ministry of Science and Technology of China (MSTC); Ministry of Education and Youth of the Czech Republic; Danish Natural Science Research Council, the Carlsberg Foundation and the Danish National Research Foundation; The European Research Council under the European Community's Seventh Framework Programme; Helsinki Institute of Physics and the Academy of Finland; French CNRS-IN2P3, the 'Region Pays de Loire', 'Region Alsace', 'Region Auvergne' and CEA, France; German BMBF and the Helmholtz Association; General Secretariat for Research and Technology, Ministry of Development, Greece; Hungarian OTKA and National Office for Research and Technology (NKTH); Department of Atomic Energy and Department of Science and Technology of the Government of India; Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN) of Italy; MEXT Grant-in-Aid for Specially Promoted Research, Japan; Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna; National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF); CONACYT, DGAPA, Mexico, ALFA-EC and the HELEN Program (High-Energy physics Latin-American-European Network); Stichting voor Fundamenteel Onderzoek der Materie (FOM) and the Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek (NWO), Netherlands; Research Council of Norway (NFR); Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education; National Authority for Scientific Research-NASR (Autoritatea Nationala pentru Cercetare, Stiintifica-ANCS); Federal Agency of Science of the Ministry of Education and Science of Russian Federation, International Science and Technology Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Russian Federal Agency of Atomic Energy, Russian Federal Agency for Science and Innovations and CERN-INTAS; Ministry of Education of Slovakia; Department of Science and Technology, South Africa; CIEMAT, EELA, Ministerio de Educacion y Ciencia of Spain, Xunta de Galicia (Conselleria de Educacion), CEADEN, Cubaenergia, Cuba, and IAEA (International Atomic Energy Agency); Swedish Research Council (VR) and Knut & Alice Wallenberg Foundation (KAW); Ukraine Ministry of Education and Science; United Kingdom Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC); The United States Department of Energy, the United States National Science Foundation, the State of Texas, and the State of Ohio. NR 64 TC 39 Z9 40 U1 1 U2 72 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1434-6044 EI 1434-6052 J9 EUR PHYS J C JI Eur. Phys. J. C PD OCT PY 2012 VL 72 IS 10 AR 2183 DI 10.1140/epjc/s10052-012-2183-y PG 17 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 030ZQ UT WOS:000310609100005 ER PT J AU Arbey, A Battaglia, M Mahmoudi, F AF Arbey, A. Battaglia, M. Mahmoudi, F. TI Light neutralino dark matter in the pMSSM SO EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL C LA English DT Article ID PROTON-PROTON COLLISIONS; MODEL HIGGS-BOSON; RELIC DENSITY; ROOT-S=7 TEV; STANDARD MODEL; ATLAS DETECTOR; SUPERSYMMETRIC PARTICLES; QCD CORRECTIONS; MSSM; PROGRAM AB Three dark matter direct detection experiments have reported possible signals which can be interpreted as due to the interaction of light WIMPs with large scattering cross section. In this paper we investigate the viability of SUSY scenarios with light neutralino using high statistics scans in the pMSSM. We identify several scenarios which give rise to very light neutralinos with large direct detection scattering cross sections. We apply constraints from dark matter relic density, direct detection, indirect detection, as well as flavour physics, electroweak precision tests, LEP and Tevatron limits, LHC limits on SUSY, Higgs and monojet searches. In particular we require the Higgs boson mass to be in the range 122.5 < M-h < 127.5 GeV. We study how the combination of these constraints largely reduces the number of viable scenarios. MSSM solutions with a light neutralino and an almost degenerate lightest scalar bottom quark emerge as the scenario in agreement with all these constraints. We study their characteristics in relation to the LHC missing E-T searches. C1 [Arbey, A.] Observ Lyon, Ctr Rech Astrophys Lyon, F-69561 St Genis Laval, France. [Arbey, A.] Ecole Normale Super Lyon, CNRS, UMR 5574, F-69364 Lyon, France. [Arbey, A.] Univ Lyon 1, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France. [Arbey, A.; Battaglia, M.; Mahmoudi, F.] CERN, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland. [Battaglia, M.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz Inst Particle Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Battaglia, M.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Mahmoudi, F.] Univ Clermont Ferrand, Clermont Univ, CNRS, IN2P3,LPC, F-63000 Clermont Ferrand, France. RP Arbey, A (reprint author), Observ Lyon, Ctr Rech Astrophys Lyon, F-69561 St Genis Laval, France. EM alexandre.arbey@ens-lyon.fr FU European Union [PITN-GA-2011-289442] FX We would like to thank M. Mangano for supporting this activity and the LPCC for making dedicated computing resources available to us. We are thankful to Ka Ki Li for her contribution during the early stage of this study. We acknowledge discussions with B. Allanach, A. Djouadi, A. De Roeck, G. Belanger, E. Nezri, G. Polesello, K. Rolbiecki, T. Riemann, M. Spira, E. Aprile, P. Beltrame, A. Melgarejo and D. Speller. We are also grateful to E. Gianolio and the CERN IT Department for computing support. A. A. and F. M. acknowledge partial support from the European Union FP7 ITN IN-VISIBLES (Marie Curie Actions, PITN-GA-2011-289442). NR 103 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1434-6044 J9 EUR PHYS J C JI Eur. Phys. J. 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CA CMS Collaboration TI Measurement of the top-quark mass in t(t)over-bar events with dilepton final states in pp collisions at root s=7 TeV SO EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL C LA English DT Article AB The top-quark mass is measured in proton-proton collisions at root s = 7 TeV using a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 5.0 fb(-1) collected by the CMS experiment at the LHC. The measurement is performed in the dilepton decay channel t (t) over bar -> (l(+)nu(l)b) (l-(nu) over bar (l)(b) over bar), where l = e, mu. Candidate top-quark decays are selected by requiring two leptons, at least two jets, and imbalance in transverse momentum. The mass is reconstructed with an analytical matrix weighting technique using distributions derived from simulated samples. Using a maximum-likelihood fit, the top-quark mass is determined to be 172.5 +/- 0.4 (stat.) +/- 1.5 (syst.) GeV. C1 [Abbrescia, M.; Barbone, L.; Calabria, C.; Chhibra, S. 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[Avila, C.; Gomez, J. P.; Gomez Moreno, B.; Osorio Oliveros, A. F.; Sanabria, J. C.] Univ Los Andes, Bogota, Colombia. [Godinovic, N.; Lelas, D.; Plestina, R.; Polic, D.; Puljak, I.] Tech Univ Split, Split, Croatia. [Antunovic, Z.; Kovac, M.] Univ Split, Split, Croatia. [Brigljevic, V.; Duric, S.; Kadija, K.; Luetic, J.; Morovic, S.] Rudjer Boskovic Inst, Zagreb, Croatia. [Attikis, A.; Galanti, M.; Mavromanolakis, G.; Mousa, J.; Nicolaou, C.; Ptochos, F.; Razis, P. A.] Univ Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus. [Finger, M.; Finger, M., Jr.] Charles Univ Prague, Prague, Czech Republic. [Assran, Y.; Elgammal, S.; Kamel, A. Ellithi; Khalil, S.; Mahmoud, M. A.; Radi, A.] Egyptian Network High Energy Phys, Acad Sci Res & Technol Arab Republ Egypt, Cairo, Egypt. [Kadastik, M.; Muentel, M.; Raidal, M.; Rebane, L.; Tiko, A.] NICPB, Tallinn, Estonia. [Eerola, P.; Fedi, G.; Voutilainen, M.] Univ Helsinki, Dept Phys, Helsinki, Finland. [Harkonen, J.; Heikkinen, A.; Karimaki, V.; Kinnunen, R.; Kortelainen, M. J.; Lampen, T.; Lassila-Perini, K.; Lehti, S.; Linden, T.; Luukka, P.; Maenpaa, T.; Peltola, T.; Tuominen, E.; Tuominiemi, J.; Tuovinen, E.; Ungaro, D.; Wendland, L.] Helsinki Inst Phys, Helsinki, Finland. [Banzuzi, K.; Karjalainen, A.; Korpela, A.; Tuuva, T.] Lappeenranta Univ Technol, Lappeenranta, Finland. [Besancon, M.; Choudhury, S.; Dejardin, M.; Denegri, D.; Fabbro, B.; Faure, J. L.; Ferri, F.; Ganjour, S.; Givernaud, A.; Gras, P.; de Monchenault, G. Hamel; Jarry, P.; Locci, E.; Malcles, J.; Millischer, L.; Nayak, A.; Rander, J.; Rosowsky, A.; Shreyber, I.; Titov, M.] CEA Saclay, DSM, IRFU, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Plestina, R.; Baffioni, S.; Beaudette, F.; Benhabib, L.; Bianchini, L.; Bluj, M.; Broutin, C.; Busson, P.; Charlot, C.; Daci, N.; Dahms, T.; Dobrzynski, L.; de Cassagnac, R. Granier; Haguenauer, M.; Mine, P.; Mironov, C.; Naranjo, I. N.; Nguyen, M.; Ochando, C.; Paganini, P.; Sabes, D.; Salerno, R.; Sirois, Y.; Veelken, C.; Zabi, A.; Bernet, C.] Ecole Polytech, CNRS, IN2P3, Lab Leprince Ringuet, F-91128 Palaiseau, France. [Agram, J. -L.; Andrea, J.; Bloch, D.; Bodin, D.; Brom, J. -M.; Cardaci, M.; Chabert, E. C.; Collard, C.; Conte, E.; Drouhin, F.; Ferro, C.; Fontaine, J. -C.; Gele, D.; Goerlach, U.; Juillot, P.; Le Bihan, A. -C.; Van Hove, P.] Univ Haute Alsace Mulhouse, Univ Strasbourg, Inst Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien, CNRS,IN2P3, Strasbourg, France. [Fassi, F.; Mercier, D.] CNRS, IN2P3, Inst Natl Phys Nucl & Phys Particules, Ctr Calcul, Villeurbanne, France. 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[Ata, M.; Caudron, J.; Dietz-Laursonn, E.; Duchardt, D.; Erdmann, M.; Fischer, R.; Gueth, A.; Hebbeker, T.; Heidemann, C.; Hoepfner, K.; Klingebiel, D.; Kreuzer, P.; Magass, C.; Merschmeyer, M.; Meyer, A.; Olschewski, M.; Papacz, P.; Pieta, H.; Reithler, H.; Schmitz, S. A.; Sonnenschein, L.; Steggemann, J.; Teyssier, D.; Weber, M.] Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst A 3, Aachen, Germany. [Bontenackels, M.; Cherepanov, V.; Erdogan, Y.; Fluegge, G.; Geenen, H.; Geisler, M.; Ahmad, W. Haj; Hoehle, F.; Kargoll, B.; Kress, T.; Kuessel, Y.; Nowack, A.; Perchalla, L.; Pooth, O.; Sauerland, P.; Stahl, A.] Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst B 3, Aachen, Germany. [Martin, M. Aldaya; Behr, J.; Behrenhoff, W.; Behrens, U.; Bergholz, M.; Bethani, A.; Borras, K.; Burgmeier, A.; Cakir, A.; Calligaris, L.; Campbell, A.; Castro, E.; Costanza, F.; Dammann, D.; Pardos, C. 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S.; Kaschube, K.; Kaussen, G.; Kirschenmann, H.; Klanner, R.; Lange, J.; Mura, B.; Nowak, F.; Peiffer, T.; Pietsch, N.; Rathjens, D.; Sander, C.; Schettler, H.; Schleper, P.; Schlieckau, E.; Schmidt, A.; Schroeder, M.; Schum, T.; Seidel, M.; Sola, V.; Stadie, H.; Steinbrueck, G.; Thomsen, J.; Vanelderen, L.] Univ Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany. [Barth, C.; Berger, J.; Boeser, C.; Chwalek, T.; De Boer, W.; Descroix, A.; Dierlamm, A.; Feindt, M.; Guthoff, M.; Hackstein, C.; Hartmann, F.; Hauth, T.; Heinrich, M.; Held, H.; Hoffmann, K. H.; Honc, S.; Katkov, I.; Komaragiri, J. R.; Pardo, P. Lobelle; Martschei, D.; Mueller, S.; Mueller, Th.; Niegel, M.; Nuernberg, A.; Oberst, O.; Oehler, A.; Ott, J.; Quast, G.; Rabbertz, K.; Ratnikov, F.; Ratnikova, N.; Roecker, S.; Scheurer, A.; Schilling, F. -P.; Schott, G.; Simonis, H. J.; Stober, F. M.; Troendle, D.; Ulrich, R.; Wagner-Kuhr, J.; Wayand, S.; Weiler, T.; Zeise, M.] Univ Karlsruhe, Inst Expt Kernphys, D-7500 Karlsruhe, Germany. [Daskalakis, G.; Geralis, T.; Kesisoglou, S.; Kyriakis, A.; Loukas, D.; Manolakos, I.; Markou, A.; Markou, C.; Mavrommatis, C.; Ntomari, E.] Inst Nucl Phys Demokritos, Aghia Paraskevi, Greece. [Gouskos, L.; Mertzimekis, T. J.; Panagiotou, A.; Saoulidou, N.; Sphicas, P.] Univ Athens, Athens, Greece. [Evangelou, I.; Foudas, C.; Kokkas, P.; Manthos, N.; Papadopoulos, I.; Patras, V.] Univ Ioannina, GR-45110 Ioannina, Greece. [Bencze, G.; Hajdu, C.; Hidas, P.; Horvath, D.; Sikler, F.; Veszpremi, V.; Vesztergombi, G.; Krajczar, K.] KFKI Res Inst Particle & Nucl Phys, Budapest, Hungary. [Horvath, D.; Beni, N.; Czellar, S.; Molnar, J.; Palinkas, J.; Szillasi, Z.] Inst Nucl Res ATOMKI, Debrecen, Hungary. [Karancsi, J.; Raics, P.; Trocsanyi, Z. L.; Ujvari, B.] Univ Debrecen, H-4012 Debrecen, Hungary. [Beri, S. B.; Bhatnagar, V.; Dhingra, N.; Gupta, R.; Kaur, M.; Mehta, M. Z.; Nishu, N.; Saini, L. K.; Sharma, A.; Singh, J. B.] Panjab Univ, Chandigarh 160014, India. [Kumar, Ashok; Kumar, Arun; Ahuja, S.; Bhardwaj, A.; Choudhary, B. C.; Malhotra, S.; Naimuddin, M.; Ranjan, K.; Sharma, V.; Shivpuri, R. K.] Univ Delhi, Delhi 110007, India. [Banerjee, S.; Bhattacharya, S.; Dutta, S.; Gomber, B.; Jain, Sa.; Jain, Sh.; Khurana, R.; Sarkar, S.; Sharan, M.] Saha Inst Nucl Phys, Kolkata, India. [Abdulsalam, A.; Choudhury, R. K.; Dutta, D.; Kailas, S.; Kumar, V.; Mehta, P.; Mohanty, A. K.; Pant, L. M.; Shukla, P.] Bhabha Atom Res Ctr, Bombay 400085, Maharashtra, India. [Aziz, T.; Ganguly, S.; Guchait, M.; Maity, M.; Majumder, G.; Mazumdar, K.; Mohanty, G. B.; Parida, B.; Sudhakar, K.; Wickramage, N.] Tata Inst Fundamental Res EHEP, Bombay, Maharashtra, India. [Guchait, M.; Banerjee, S.; Dugad, S.] Tata Inst Fundamental Res HECR, Bombay, Maharashtra, India. [Arfaei, H.; Bakhshiansohi, H.; Etesami, S. M.; Fahim, A.; Hashemi, M.; Hesari, H.; Jafari, A.; Khakzad, M.; Najafabadi, M. Mohammadi; Mehdiabadi, S. 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[Bluj, M.; Bialkowska, H.; Boimska, B.; Frueboes, T.; Gokieli, R.; Gorski, M.; Kazana, M.; Nawrocki, K.; Romanowska-Rybinska, K.; Szleper, M.; Wrochna, G.; Zalewski, P.] Natl Ctr Nucl Res, Otwock, Poland. [Brona, G.; Bunkowski, K.; Cwiok, M.; Dominik, W.; Doroba, K.; Kalinowski, A.; Konecki, M.; Krolikowski, J.] Univ Warsaw, Inst Expt Phys, Fac Phys, Warsaw, Poland. [Almeida, N.; Alves, A.; Bargassa, P.; David, A.; Faccioli, P.; Ferreira Parracho, P. G.; Gallinaro, M.; Seixas, J.; Varela, J.; Vischia, P.] Lab Instrumentacao & Fis Expt Particulas, Lisbon, Portugal. [Belotelov, I.; Bunin, P.; Gavrilenko, M.; Golutvin, I.; Gorbunov, I.; Kamenev, A.; Karjavin, V.; Kozlov, G.; Lanev, A.; Malakhov, A.; Moisenz, P.; Palichik, V.; Perelygin, V.; Shmatov, S.; Smirnov, V.; Volodko, A.; Zarubin, A.] Joint Inst Nucl Res, Dubna, Russia. [Evstyukhin, S.; Golovtsov, V.; Ivanov, Y.; Kim, V.; Levchenko, P.; Murzin, V.; Oreshkin, V.; Smirnov, I.; Sulimov, V.; Uvarov, L.; Vavilov, S.; Vorobyev, A.; Vorobyev, An.] Petersburg Nucl Phys Inst, St Petersburg, Russia. [Andreev, Yu.; Dermenev, A.; Gninenko, S.; Golubev, N.; Kirsanov, M.; Krasnikov, N.; Matveev, V.; Pashenkov, A.; Tlisov, D.; Toropin, A.; Musienko, Y.] Russian Acad Sci, Inst Nucl Res, Moscow, Russia. [Epshteyn, V.; Erofeeva, M.; Gavrilov, V.; Kossov, M.; Lychkovskaya, N.; Popov, V.; Safronov, G.; Semenov, S.; Stolin, V.; Vlasov, E.; Zhokin, A.; Starodumov, A.; Nikitenko, A.] Inst Theoret & Expt Phys, Moscow 117259, Russia. [Zhukov, V.; Katkov, I.; Belyaev, A.; Boos, E.; Bunichev, V.; Dubinin, M.; Dudko, L.; Ershov, A.; Klyukhin, V.; Kodolova, O.; Lokhtin, I.; Markina, A.; Obraztsov, S.; Perfilov, M.; Petrushanko, S.; Popov, A.; Sarycheva, L.; Savrin, V.; Snigirev, A.] Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Moscow, Russia. 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C.; Garcia-Abia, P.; Gonzalez Lopez, O.; Goy Lopez, S.; Hernandez, J. M.; Josa, M. I.; Merino, G.; Puerta Pelayo, J.; Quintario Olmeda, A.; Redondo, I.; Romero, L.; Santaolalla, J.; Soares, M. S.; Willmott, C.] Ctr Invest Energet Medioambientales & Tecnol CIEM, Madrid, Spain. [Albajar, C.; Codispoti, G.; de Troconiz, J. F.] Univ Autonoma Madrid, Madrid, Spain. [Brun, H.; Cuevas, J.; Fernandez Menendez, J.; Folgueras, S.; Gonzalez Caballero, I.; Lloret Iglesias, L.; Piedra Gomez, J.] Univ Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain. [Brochero Cifuentes, J. A.; Cabrillo, I. J.; Calderon, A.; Chuang, S. H.; Duarte Campderros, J.; Felcini, M.; Fernandez, M.; Gomez, G.; Gonzalez Sanchez, J.; Graziano, A.; Jorda, C.; Lopez Virto, A.; Marco, J.; Marco, R.; Martinez Rivero, C.; Matorras, F.; Munoz Sanchez, F. J.; Rodrigo, T.; Rodriguez-Marrero, A. Y.; Ruiz-Jimeno, A.; Scodellaro, L.; Sanudo, M. Sobron; Vila, I.; Vilar Cortabitarte, R.] Univ Cantabria, CSIC, Inst Fis Cantabria IFCA, E-39005 Santander, Spain. [Bertl, W.; Deiters, K.; Erdmann, W.; Gabathuler, K.; Horisberger, R.; Ingram, Q.; Kaestli, H. C.; Koenig, S.; Kotlinski, D.; Langenegger, U.; Meier, F.; Renker, D.; Rohe, T.; Sibille, J.; Naegeli, C.] Paul Scherrer Inst, Villigen, Switzerland. [Baeni, L.; Bortignon, P.; Buchmann, M. A.; Casal, B.; Chanon, N.; Deisher, A.; Dissertori, G.; Dittmar, M.; Donega, M.; Duenser, M.; Eugster, J.; Freudenreich, K.; Grab, C.; Hits, D.; Lecomte, P.; Lustermann, W.; Marini, A. C.; del Arbol, P. Martinez Ruiz; Mohr, N.; Moortgat, F.; Naegeli, C.; Nef, P.; Nessi-Tedaldi, F.; Pandolfi, F.; Pape, L.; Pauss, F.; Peruzzi, M.; Ronga, F. J.; Rossini, M.; Sala, L.; Sanchez, A. K.; Starodumov, A.; Stieger, B.; Takahashi, M.; Tauscher, L.; Thea, A.; Theofilatos, K.; Treille, D.; Urscheler, C.; Wallny, R.; Weber, H. A.; Wehrli, L.] Swiss Fed Inst Technol, Inst Particle Phys, Zurich, Switzerland. [Amsler, C.; Chiochia, V.; De Visscher, S.; Favaro, C.; Rikova, M. Ivova; Mejias, B. Millan; Otiougova, P.; Robmann, P.; Snoek, H.; Tupputi, S.; Verzetti, M.] Univ Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland. [Chang, Y. H.; Chen, K. H.; Kuo, C. M.; Li, S. W.; Lin, W.; Liu, Z. K.; Lu, Y. J.; Mekterovic, D.; Singh, A. P.; Volpe, R.; Yu, S. S.] Natl Cent Univ, Chungli 32054, Taiwan. [Bartalini, P.; Chang, P.; Chang, Y. H.; Chang, Y. W.; Chao, Y.; Chen, K. F.; Dietz, C.; Grundler, U.; Hou, W. -S.; Hsiung, Y.; Kao, K. Y.; Lei, Y. J.; Lu, R. -S.; Majumder, D.; Petrakou, E.; Shi, X.; Shiu, J. G.; Tzeng, Y. M.; Wan, X.; Wang, M.] Natl Taiwan Univ, Taipei 10764, Taiwan. [Adiguzel, A.; Bakirci, M. N.; Cerci, S.; Dozen, C.; Dumanoglu, I.; Eskut, E.; Girgis, S.; Gokbulut, G.; Gurpinar, E.; Hos, I.; Kangal, E. E.; Karaman, T.; Karapinar, G.; Topaksu, A. Kayis; Onengut, G.; Ozdemir, K.; Ozturk, S.; Polatoz, A.; Sogut, K.; Cerci, D. Sunar; Tali, B.; Topakli, H.; Vergili, L. N.; Vergili, M.] Cukurova Univ, Adana, Turkey. [Akin, I. V.; Aliev, T.; Bilin, B.; Bilmis, S.; Deniz, M.; Gamsizkan, H.; Guler, A. M.; Ocalan, K.; Ozpineci, A.; Serin, M.; Sever, R.; Surat, U. E.; Yalvac, M.; Yildirim, E.; Zeyrek, M.] Middle E Tech Univ, Dept Phys, TR-06531 Ankara, Turkey. [Gulmez, E.; Isildak, B.; Kaya, M.; Kaya, O.; Ozkorucuklu, S.; Sonmez, N.] Bogazici Univ, Istanbul, Turkey. [Cankocak, K.] Istanbul Tech Univ, TR-80626 Istanbul, Turkey. [Levchuk, L.] Kharkov Inst Phys & Technol, Natl Sci Ctr, Kharkov, Ukraine. [Bostock, F.; Brooke, J. J.; Clement, E.; Cussans, D.; Flacher, H.; Frazier, R.; Goldstein, J.; Grimes, M.; Heath, G. P.; Heath, H. F.; Kreczko, L.; Metson, S.; Newbold, D. M.; Nirunpong, K.; Poll, A.; Senkin, S.; Smith, V. J.; Williams, T.] Univ Bristol, Bristol, Avon, England. [Worm, S. D.; Newbold, D. M.; Basso, L.; Bell, K. W.; Belyaev, A.; Brew, C.; Brown, R. M.; Cockerill, D. J. A.; Coughlan, J. A.; Harder, K.; Harper, S.; Jackson, J.; Kennedy, B. W.; Olaiya, E.; Petyt, D.; Radburn-Smith, B. C.; Shepherd-Themistocleous, C. H.; Tomalin, I. R.; Womersley, W. J.] Rutherford Appleton Lab, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. [Bainbridge, R.; Ball, G.; Beuselinck, R.; Buchmuller, O.; Colling, D.; Cripps, N.; Cutajar, M.; Dauncey, P.; Davies, G.; Della Negra, M.; Ferguson, W.; Fulcher, J.; Futyan, D.; Gilbert, A.; Bryer, A. Guneratne; Hall, G.; Hatherell, Z.; Hays, J.; Iles, G.; Jarvis, M.; Karapostoli, G.; Lyons, L.; Magnan, A. -M.; Marrouche, J.; Mathias, B.; Nandi, R.; Nash, J.; Nikitenko, A.; Papageorgiou, A.; Pela, J.; Pesaresi, M.; Petridis, K.; Pioppi, M.; Raymond, D. M.; Rogerson, S.; Rose, A.; Ryan, M. J.; Seez, C.; Sharp, P.; Sparrow, A.; Stoye, M.; Tapper, A.; Acosta, M. Vazquez; Virdee, T.; Wakefield, S.; Wardle, N.; Whyntie, T.] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, London, England. [Chadwick, M.; Cole, J. E.; Hobson, P. R.; Khan, A.; Kyberd, P.; Leggat, D.; Leslie, D.; Martin, W.; Reid, I. D.; Symonds, P.; Teodorescu, L.; Turner, M.] Brunel Univ, Uxbridge UB8 3PH, Middx, England. [Hatakeyama, K.; Liu, H.; Scarborough, T.] Baylor Univ, Waco, TX 76798 USA. [Charaf, O.; Henderson, C.; Rumerio, P.] Univ Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL USA. [Avetisyan, A.; Bose, T.; Fantasia, C.; Heister, A.; John, J. St.; Lawson, P.; Lazic, D.; Rohlf, J.; Sperka, D.; Sulak, L.] Boston Univ, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Alimena, J.; Bhattacharya, S.; Cutts, D.; Ferapontov, A.; Heintz, U.; Jabeen, S.; Kukartsev, G.; Laird, E.; Landsberg, G.; Luk, M.; Narain, M.; Nguyen, D.; Segala, M.; Sinthuprasith, T.; Speer, T.; Tsang, K. V.] Brown Univ, Providence, RI 02912 USA. [Breedon, R.; Breto, G.; Sanchez, M. Calderon De la Barca; Chauhan, S.; Chertok, M.; Conway, J.; Conway, R.; Cox, P. T.; Dolen, J.; Erbacher, R.; Gardner, M.; Houtz, R.; Ko, W.; Kopecky, A.; Lander, R.; Miceli, T.; Pellett, D.; Ricci-tam, F.; Rutherford, B.; Searle, M.; Smith, J.; Squires, M.; Tripathi, M.; Sierra, R. Vasquez] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Felcini, M.; Andreev, V.; Cline, D.; Cousins, R.; Duris, J.; Erhan, S.; Everaerts, P.; Farrell, C.; Hauser, J.; Ignatenko, M.; Jarvis, C.; Plager, C.; Rakness, G.; Schlein, P.; Traczyk, P.; Valuev, V.; Weber, M.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Babb, J.; Clare, R.; Dinardo, M. E.; Ellison, J.; Gary, J. W.; Giordano, F.; Hanson, G.; Jeng, G. Y.; Liu, H.; Long, O. R.; Luthra, A.; Nguyen, H.; Paramesvaran, S.; Sturdy, J.; Sumowidagdo, S.; Wilken, R.; Wimpenny, S.] Univ Calif Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Andrews, W.; Branson, J. G.; Cerati, G. B.; Cittolin, S.; Evans, D.; Golf, F.; Holzner, A.; Kelley, R.; Lebourgeois, M.; Letts, J.; Macneill, I.; Mangano, B.; Padhi, S.; Palmer, C.; Petrucciani, G.; Pieri, M.; Sani, M.; Sharma, V.; Simon, S.; Sudano, E.; Tadel, M.; Tu, Y.; Vartak, A.; Wasserbaech, S.; Wuerthwein, F.; Yagil, A.; Yoo, J.] Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Barge, D.; Bellan, R.; Campagnari, C.; D'Alfonso, M.; Danielson, T.; Flowers, K.; Geffert, P.; Incandela, J.; Justus, C.; Kalavase, P.; Koay, S. A.; Kovalskyi, D.; Krutelyov, V.; Lowette, S.; Mccoll, N.; Pavlunin, V.; Rebassoo, F.; Ribnik, J.; Richman, J.; Rossin, R.; Stuart, D.; To, W.; West, C.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. [Dias, F. A.; Dubinin, M.; Apresyan, A.; Bornheim, A.; Chen, Y.; Di Marco, E.; Duarte, J.; Gataullin, M.; Ma, Y.; Mott, A.; Newman, H. B.; Rogan, C.; Spiropulu, M.; Timciuc, V.; Veverka, J.; Wilkinson, R.; Xie, S.; Yang, Y.; Zhu, R. Y.] CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Akgun, B.; Azzolini, V.; Calamba, A.; Carroll, R.; Ferguson, T.; Iiyama, Y.; Jang, D. W.; Liu, Y. F.; Paulini, M.; Vogel, H.; Vorobiev, I.] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. [Cumalat, J. P.; Drell, B. R.; Edelmaier, C. J.; Ford, W. T.; Gaz, A.; Heyburn, B.; Lopez, E. Luiggi; Smith, J. G.; Stenson, K.; Ulmer, K. A.; Wagner, S. R.] Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Alexander, J.; Chatterjee, A.; Eggert, N.; Gibbons, L. K.; Heltsley, B.; Khukhunaishvili, A.; Kreis, B.; Mirman, N.; Kaufman, G. Nicolas; Patterson, J. R.; Ryd, A.; Salvati, E.; Sun, W.; Teo, W. D.; Thom, J.; Thompson, J.; Tucker, J.; Vaughan, J.; Weng, Y.; Winstrom, L.; Wittich, P.] Cornell Univ, Ithaca, NY USA. [Winn, D.] Fairfield Univ, Fairfield, CT 06430 USA. [Abdullin, S.; Albrow, M.; Anderson, J.; Bauerdick, L. A. T.; Beretvas, A.; Berryhill, J.; Bhat, P. C.; Bloch, I.; Burkett, K.; Butler, J. N.; Chetluru, V.; Cheung, H. W. K.; Chlebana, F.; Elvira, V. D.; Fisk, I.; Freeman, J.; Gao, Y.; Green, D.; Gutsche, O.; Hanlon, J.; Harris, R. M.; Hirschauer, J.; Hooberman, B.; Jindariani, S.; Johnson, M.; Joshi, U.; Kilminster, B.; Klima, B.; Kunori, S.; Kwan, S.; Leonidopoulos, C.; Linacre, J.; Lincoln, D.; Lipton, R.; Lykken, J.; Maeshima, K.; Marraffino, J. M.; Maruyama, S.; Mason, D.; McBride, P.; Mishra, K.; Mrenna, S.; Musienko, Y.; Newman-Holmes, C.; O'Dell, V.; Prokofyev, O.; Sexton-Kennedy, E.; Sharma, S.; Spalding, W. J.; Spiegel, L.; Tan, P.; Taylor, L.; Tkaczyk, S.; Tran, N. V.; Uplegger, L.; Vaandering, E. W.; Vidal, R.; Whitmore, J.; Wu, W.; Yang, F.; Yumiceva, F.; Yun, J. C.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. [Acosta, D.; Avery, P.; Bourilkov, D.; Chen, M.; Cheng, T.; Das, S.; De Gruttola, M.; Di Giovanni, G. P.; Dobur, D.; Drozdetskiy, A.; Field, R. D.; Fisher, M.; Fu, Y.; Furic, I. K.; Gartner, J.; Hugon, J.; Kim, B.; Konigsberg, J.; Korytov, A.; Kropivnitskaya, A.; Kypreos, T.; Low, J. F.; Matchev, K.; Milenovic, P.; Mitselmakher, G.; Muniz, L.; Remington, R.; Rinkevicius, A.; Sellers, P.; Skhirtladze, N.; Snowball, M.; Yelton, J.; Zakaria, M.] Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL USA. [Gaultney, V.; Hewamanage, S.; Lebolo, L. M.; Linn, S.; Markowitz, P.; Martinez, G.; Rodriguez, J. L.] Florida Int Univ, Miami, FL 33199 USA. [Adams, T.; Askew, A.; Bochenek, J.; Chen, J.; Diamond, B.; Gleyzer, S. V.; Haas, J.; Hagopian, S.; Hagopian, V.; Jenkins, M.; Johnson, K. F.; Prosper, H.; Veeraraghavan, V.; Weinberg, M.] Florida State Univ, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. [Baarmand, M. M.; Dorney, B.; Hohlmann, M.; Kalakhety, H.; Vodopiyanov, I.] Florida Inst Technol, Melbourne, FL 32901 USA. [Adams, M. R.; Anghel, I. M.; Apanasevich, L.; Bai, Y.; Bazterra, V. E.; Betts, R. R.; Bucinskaite, I.; Callner, J.; Cavanaugh, R.; Dragoiu, C.; Evdokimov, O.; Gauthier, L.; Gerber, C. E.; Hofman, D. J.; Khalatyan, S.; Lacroix, F.; Malek, M.; O'Brien, C.; Silkworth, C.; Strom, D.; Varelas, N.] UIC, Chicago, IL USA. [Ozturk, S.; Akgun, U.; Albayrak, E. A.; Bilki, B.; Clarida, W.; Duru, F.; Griffiths, S.; Merlo, J. -P.; Mermerkaya, H.; Mestvirishvili, A.; Moeller, A.; Nachtman, J.; Newsom, C. R.; Norbeck, E.; Onel, Y.; Ozok, F.; Sen, S.; Tiras, E.; Wetzel, J.; Yetkin, T.; Yi, K.] Univ Iowa, Iowa City, IA USA. [Barnett, B. A.; Blumenfeld, B.; Bolognesi, S.; Fehling, D.; Giurgiu, G.; Gritsan, A. V.; Guo, Z. J.; Hu, G.; Maksimovic, P.; Rappoccio, S.; Swartz, M.; Whitbeck, A.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD USA. [Sibille, J.; Baringer, P.; Bean, A.; Benelli, G.; Grachov, O.; Kenny, R. P., III; Murray, M.; Noonan, D.; Sanders, S.; Stringer, R.; Tinti, G.; Wood, J. S.; Zhukova, V.] Univ Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. [Barfuss, A. F.; Bolton, T.; Chakaberia, I.; Ivanov, A.; Khalil, S.; Makouski, M.; Maravin, Y.; Shrestha, S.; Svintradze, I.] Kansas State Univ, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Gronberg, J.; Lange, D.; Wright, D.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. [Baden, A.; Boutemeur, M.; Calvert, B.; Eno, S. C.; Gomez, J. A.; Hadley, N. J.; Kellogg, R. G.; Kirn, M.; Kolberg, T.; Lu, Y.; Marionneau, M.; Mignerey, A. C.; Pedro, K.; Peterman, A.; Skuja, A.; Temple, J.; Tonjes, M. B.; Tonwar, S. C.; Twedt, E.] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Apyan, A.; Bauer, G.; Bendavid, J.; Busza, W.; Butz, E.; Cali, I. A.; Chan, M.; Dutta, V.; Ceballos, G. Gomez; Goncharov, M.; Hahn, K. A.; Kim, Y.; Klute, M.; Krajczar, K.; Li, W.; Luckey, P. D.; Ma, T.; Nahn, S.; Paus, C.; Ralph, D.; Roland, C.; Roland, G.; Rudolph, M.; Stephans, G. S. F.; Stoeckli, F.; Sumorok, K.; Sung, K.; Velicanu, D.; Wenger, E. A.; Wolf, R.; Wyslouch, B.; Yang, M.; Yilmaz, Y.; Yoon, A. S.; Zanetti, M.] MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Cooper, S. I.; Dahmes, B.; De Benedetti, A.; Franzoni, G.; Gude, A.; Kao, S. C.; Klapoetke, K.; Kubota, Y.; Mans, J.; Pastika, N.; Rusack, R.; Sasseville, M.; Singovsky, A.; Tambe, N.; Turkewitz, J.] Univ Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN USA. [Cremaldi, L. M.; Kroeger, R.; Perera, L.; Rahmat, R.; Sanders, D. A.] Univ Mississippi, Oxford, MS USA. [Avdeeva, E.; Bloom, K.; Bose, S.; Butt, J.; Claes, D. R.; Dominguez, A.; Eads, M.; Keller, J.; Kravchenko, I.; Lazo-Flores, J.; Malbouisson, H.; Malik, S.; Snow, G. R.] Univ Nebraska, Lincoln, NE USA. [Baur, U.; Godshalk, A.; Iashvili, I.; Jain, S.; Kharchilava, A.; Kumar, A.; Shipkowski, S. P.; Smith, K.] SUNY Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. [Alverson, G.; Barberis, E.; Baumgartel, D.; Chasco, M.; Haley, J.; Nash, D.; Trocino, D.; Wood, D.; Zhang, J.] Northeastern Univ, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Anastassov, A.; Kubik, A.; Mucia, N.; Odell, N.; Ofierzynski, R. A.; Pollack, B.; Pozdnyakov, A.; Schmitt, M.; Stoynev, S.; Velasco, M.; Won, S.] Northwestern Univ, Evanston, IL USA. [Antonelli, L.; Berry, D.; Brinkerhoff, A.; Hildreth, M.; Jessop, C.; Karmgard, D. J.; Kolb, J.; Lannon, K.; Luo, W.; Lynch, S.; Marinelli, N.; Morse, D. M.; Pearson, T.; Planer, M.; Ruchti, R.; Slaunwhite, J.; Valls, N.; Wayne, M.; Wolf, M.] Univ Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. [Bylsma, B.; Durkin, L. S.; Hill, C.; Hughes, R.; Hughes, R.; Kotov, K.; Ling, T. Y.; Puigh, D.; Rodenburg, M.; Vuosalo, C.; Williams, G.; Winer, B. L.] Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Adam, N.; Berry, E.; Elmer, P.; Gerbaudo, D.; Halyo, V.; Hebda, P.; Hegeman, J.; Hunt, A.; Jindal, P.; Pegna, D. Lopes; Lujan, P.; Marlow, D.; Medvedeva, T.; Mooney, M.; Olsen, J.; Piroue, P.; Quan, X.; Raval, A.; Safdi, B.; Saka, H.; Stickland, D.; Tully, C.; Werner, J. S.; Zuranski, A.] Princeton Univ, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Acosta, J. G.; Brownson, E.; Huang, X. T.; Lopez, A.; Mendez, H.; Oliveros, S.; Vargas, J. E. Ramirez; Zatserklyaniy, A.] Univ Puerto Rico, Mayaguez, PR USA. [Alagoz, E.; Barnes, V. E.; Benedetti, D.; Bolla, G.; Bortoletto, D.; De Mattia, M.; Everett, A.; Hu, Z.; Jones, M.; Koybasi, O.; Kress, M.; Laasanen, A. T.; Leonardo, N.; Maroussov, V.; Merkel, P.; Miller, D. H.; Neumeister, N.; Shipsey, I.; Silvers, D.; Svyatkovskiy, A.; Marono, M. Vidal; Yoo, H. D.; Zablocki, J.; Zheng, Y.] Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. 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C.; York, A.] Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN USA. [Eusebi, R.; Flanagan, W.; Gilmore, J.; Kamon, T.; Khotilovich, V.; Montalvo, R.; Osipenkov, I.; Pakhotin, Y.; Perloff, A.; Roe, J.; Safonov, A.; Sakuma, T.; Sengupta, S.; Suarez, I.; Tatarinov, A.; Toback, D.] Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX USA. [Akchurin, N.; Damgov, J.; Dudero, P. R.; Jeong, C.; Kovitanggoon, K.; Lee, S. W.; Libeiro, T.; Roh, Y.; Volobouev, I.] Texas Tech Univ, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. [Appelt, E.; Delannoy, A. G.; Florez, C.; Greene, S.; Gurrola, A.; Johns, W.; Johnston, C.; Kurt, P.; Maguire, C.; Melo, A.; Sharma, M.; Sheldon, P.; Snook, B.; Tuo, S.; Velkovska, J.] Vanderbilt Univ, Nashville, TN USA. [Arenton, M. W.; Balazs, M.; Boutle, S.; Cox, B.; Francis, B.; Goodell, J.; Hirosky, R.; Ledovskoy, A.; Lin, C.; Neu, C.; Wood, J.; Yohay, R.] Univ Virginia, Charlottesville, VA USA. [Gollapinni, S.; Harr, R.; Karchin, P. E.; Don, C. Kottachchi Kankanamge; Lamichhane, P.; Sakharov, A.] Wayne State Univ, Detroit, MI USA. [Anderson, M.; Bachtis, M.; Belknap, D.; Borrello, L.; Carlsmith, D.; Cepeda, M.; Dasu, S.; Friis, E.; Gray, L.; Grogg, K. S.; Grothe, M.; Hall-Wilton, R.; Herndon, M.; Herve, A.; Klabbers, P.; Klukas, J.; Lanaro, A.; Lazaridis, C.; Leonard, J.; Loveless, R.; Mohapatra, A.; Ojalvo, I.; Palmonari, F.; Pierro, G. A.; Ross, I.; Savin, A.; Smith, W. H.; Swanson, J.] Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Fabjan, C.; Fruehwirth, R.; Jeitler, M.; Krammer, M.; Wulz, C. -E.] Vienna Univ Technol, A-1040 Vienna, Austria. [Giammanco, A.] NICPB, Tallinn, Estonia. [Anjos, T. S.; Bernardes, C. A.; Gregores, E. M.; Mercadante, P. G.] Univ Fed ABC, Santo Andre, Brazil. [Assran, Y.] Suez Canal Univ, Suez, Egypt. [Elgammal, S.; Khalil, S.] Zewail City Sci & Technol, Zewail, Egypt. [Kamel, A. Ellithi] Cairo Univ, Cairo, Egypt. [Mahmoud, M. A.] Fayoum Univ, Al Fayyum, Egypt. [Radi, A.] British Univ, Cairo, Egypt. 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Liu, Sheng/K-2815-2013; Venturi, Andrea/J-1877-2012; Mundim, Luiz/A-1291-2012; De La Cruz Burelo, Eduard/B-9802-2013; Petrushanko, Sergey/D-6880-2012; Lokhtin, Igor/D-7004-2012; Wulz, Claudia-Elisabeth/H-5657-2011; Raidal, Martti/F-4436-2012; Snigirev, Alexander/D-8912-2012; Novaes, Sergio/D-3532-2012; Karancsi, Janos/A-9710-2013; Dudko, Lev/D-7127-2012; Mercadante, Pedro/K-1918-2012; tosi, mia/J-5777-2012; Kadastik, Mario/B-7559-2008; Matorras, Francisco/I-4983-2015; Ragazzi, Stefano/D-2463-2009; Dremin, Igor/K-8053-2015; Hoorani, Hafeez/D-1791-2013; Leonidov, Andrey/M-4440-2013; Andreev, Vladimir/M-8665-2015; TUVE', Cristina/P-3933-2015; KIM, Tae Jeong/P-7848-2015; Arce, Pedro/L-1268-2014; Flix, Josep/G-5414-2012; Della Ricca, Giuseppe/B-6826-2013; Azarkin, Maxim/N-2578-2015; Paganoni, Marco/A-4235-2016; Leonidov, Andrey/P-3197-2014; Bernardes, Cesar Augusto/D-2408-2015; Lazzizzera, Ignazio/E-9678-2015; Sen, Sercan/C-6473-2014; vilar, rocio/P-8480-2014; D'Alessandro, Raffaello/F-5897-2015; Belyaev, Alexander/F-6637-2015; Stahl, Achim/E-8846-2011; Trocsanyi, Zoltan/A-5598-2009; Konecki, Marcin/G-4164-2015; Bedoya, Cristina/K-8066-2014; Michelotto, Michele/A-9571-2013; My, Salvatore/I-5160-2015; Kirakosyan, Martin/N-2701-2015; Gulmez, Erhan/P-9518-2015; Seixas, Joao/F-5441-2013; Vilela Pereira, Antonio/L-4142-2016; Sznajder, Andre/L-1621-2016; Haj Ahmad, Wael/E-6738-2016; Xie, Si/O-6830-2016; Leonardo, Nuno/M-6940-2016; Goh, Junghwan/Q-3720-2016; Govoni, Pietro/K-9619-2016; Tuominen, Eija/A-5288-2017; Yazgan, Efe/C-4521-2014; Gerbaudo, Davide/J-4536-2012 OI Scodellaro, Luca/0000-0002-4974-8330; Calvo Alamillo, Enrique/0000-0002-1100-2963; Paulini, Manfred/0000-0002-6714-5787; Vogel, Helmut/0000-0002-6109-3023; Marinho, Franciole/0000-0002-7327-0349; Ferguson, Thomas/0000-0001-5822-3731; Benussi, Luigi/0000-0002-2363-8889; Dahms, Torsten/0000-0003-4274-5476; Grandi, Claudio/0000-0001-5998-3070; Wimpenny, Stephen/0000-0003-0505-4908; Dogangun, Oktay/0000-0002-1255-2211; de Jesus Damiao, Dilson/0000-0002-3769-1680; Codispoti, Giuseppe/0000-0003-0217-7021; Max, Mad/0000-0001-6966-6829; Cerrada, Marcos/0000-0003-0112-1691; Azzi, Patrizia/0000-0002-3129-828X; Tinoco Mendes, Andre David/0000-0001-5854-7699; Rolandi, Luigi (Gigi)/0000-0002-0635-274X; Montanari, Alessandro/0000-0003-2748-6373; Tomei, Thiago/0000-0002-1809-5226; Ivanov, Andrew/0000-0002-9270-5643; Mundim, Luiz/0000-0001-9964-7805; De La Cruz Burelo, Eduard/0000-0002-7469-6974; Wulz, Claudia-Elisabeth/0000-0001-9226-5812; Novaes, Sergio/0000-0003-0471-8549; Karancsi, Janos/0000-0003-0802-7665; Dudko, Lev/0000-0002-4462-3192; Matorras, Francisco/0000-0003-4295-5668; Ragazzi, Stefano/0000-0001-8219-2074; TUVE', Cristina/0000-0003-0739-3153; KIM, Tae Jeong/0000-0001-8336-2434; Arce, Pedro/0000-0003-3009-0484; Flix, Josep/0000-0003-2688-8047; Della Ricca, Giuseppe/0000-0003-2831-6982; Paganoni, Marco/0000-0003-2461-275X; Lazzizzera, Ignazio/0000-0001-5092-7531; Sen, Sercan/0000-0001-7325-1087; D'Alessandro, Raffaello/0000-0001-7997-0306; Belyaev, Alexander/0000-0002-1733-4408; Stahl, Achim/0000-0002-8369-7506; Trocsanyi, Zoltan/0000-0002-2129-1279; Konecki, Marcin/0000-0001-9482-4841; Bedoya, Cristina/0000-0001-8057-9152; Michelotto, Michele/0000-0001-6644-987X; My, Salvatore/0000-0002-9938-2680; Gulmez, Erhan/0000-0002-6353-518X; Seixas, Joao/0000-0002-7531-0842; Vilela Pereira, Antonio/0000-0003-3177-4626; Sznajder, Andre/0000-0001-6998-1108; Haj Ahmad, Wael/0000-0003-1491-0446; Xie, Si/0000-0003-2509-5731; Leonardo, Nuno/0000-0002-9746-4594; Goh, Junghwan/0000-0002-1129-2083; Govoni, Pietro/0000-0002-0227-1301; Tuominen, Eija/0000-0002-7073-7767; Yazgan, Efe/0000-0001-5732-7950; Gerbaudo, Davide/0000-0002-4463-0878 FU BMWF (Austria); FWF (Austria); FNRS (Belgium); FWO (Belgium); CNPq (Brazil); CAPES (Brazil); FAPERJ (Brazil); FAPESP (Brazil); MES (Bulgaria); CERN; CAS, (China); MoST, (China); NSFC (China); COLCIENCIAS (Colombia); MSES (Croatia); RPF (Cyprus); MoER (Estonia) [SF0690030s09]; ERDF (Estonia); Academy of Finland (Finland); MEC (Finland); HIP (Finland); CEA (France); CNRS/IN2P3 (France); BMBF (Germany); DFG (Germany); HGF (Germany); GSRT (Greece); OTKA (Hungary); NKTH (Hungary); DAE (India); DST (India); IPM (Iran); SFI (Ireland); INFN (Italy); NRF (Korea); WCU (Korea); LAS (Lithuania); CINVESTAV (Mexico); CONACYT (Mexico); SEP (Mexico); UASLP-FAI (Mexico); MSI (New Zealand); PAEC (Pakistan); MSHE (Poland); NSC (Poland); FCT (Portugal); JINR (Armenia); JINR (Belarus); JINR (Georgia); JINR (Ukraine); JINR (Uzbekistan); MON (Russia); RosAtom (Russia); RAS (Russia); RFBR (Russia); MSTD (Serbia); SEIDI (Spain); CPAN (Spain); Swiss Funding Agencies (Switzerland); NSC (Taipei); TUBITAK (Turkey); TAEK (Turkey); STFC (United Kingdom); DOE (USA); NSF (USA); Marie-Curie programme; European Research Council (European Union); Leventis Foundation; A.P. Sloan Foundation; Alexander von Humboldt Foundation; Austrian Science Fund (FWF); Belgian Federal Science Policy Office; Fonds pour la Formation a la Recherche dans l'Industrie et dans l'Agriculture (FRIA-Belgium); Agentschap voor Innovatie door Wetenschap en Technologie (IWT-Belgium); Council of Science and Industrial Research, India; Compagnia di San Paolo (Torino); HOMING PLUS programme of Foundation for Polish Science; European Union, Regional Development Fund FX We congratulate our colleagues in the CERN accelerator departments for the excellent performance of the LHC machine. We thank the technical and administrative staff at CERN and other CMS institutes, and acknowledge support from: BMWF and FWF (Austria); FNRS and FWO (Belgium); CNPq, CAPES, FAPERJ, and FAPESP (Brazil); MES (Bulgaria); CERN; CAS, MoST, and NSFC (China); COLCIENCIAS (Colombia); MSES (Croatia); RPF (Cyprus); MoER, SF0690030s09 and ERDF (Estonia); Academy of Finland, MEC, and HIP (Finland); CEA and CNRS/IN2P3 (France); BMBF, DFG, and HGF (Germany); GSRT (Greece); OTKA and NKTH (Hungary); DAE and DST (India); IPM (Iran); SFI (Ireland); INFN (Italy); NRF and WCU (Korea); LAS (Lithuania); CINVESTAV, CONACYT, SEP, and UASLP-FAI (Mexico); MSI (New Zealand); PAEC (Pakistan); MSHE and NSC (Poland); FCT (Portugal); JINR (Armenia, Belarus, Georgia, Ukraine, Uzbekistan); MON, RosAtom, RAS and RFBR (Russia); MSTD (Serbia); SEIDI and CPAN (Spain); Swiss Funding Agencies (Switzerland); NSC (Taipei); TUBITAK and TAEK (Turkey); STFC (United Kingdom); DOE and NSF (USA).; Individuals have received support from the Marie-Curie programme and the European Research Council (European Union); the Leventis Foundation; the A.P. Sloan Foundation; the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation; the Austrian Science Fund (FWF); the Belgian Federal Science Policy Office; the Fonds pour la Formation a la Recherche dans l'Industrie et dans l'Agriculture (FRIA-Belgium); the Agentschap voor Innovatie door Wetenschap en Technologie (IWT-Belgium); the Council of Science and Industrial Research, India; the Compagnia di San Paolo (Torino); and the HOMING PLUS programme of Foundation for Polish Science, cofinanced from European Union, Regional Development Fund. NR 40 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 68 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1434-6044 EI 1434-6052 J9 EUR PHYS J C JI Eur. Phys. J. C PD OCT PY 2012 VL 72 IS 10 AR 2202 DI 10.1140/epjc/s10052-012-2202-z PG 21 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 030ZQ UT WOS:000310609100001 ER PT J AU Hastrup, ACS Howell, C Larsen, FH Sathitsuksanoh, N Goodell, B Jellison, J AF Hastrup, Anne Christine Steenkjaer Howell, Caitlin Larsen, Flemming Hofmann Sathitsuksanoh, Noppadon Goodell, Barry Jellison, Jody TI Differences in crystalline cellulose modification due to degradation by brown and white rot fungi SO FUNGAL BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE C-13 CP/MAS NMR; Cellulose crystallinity; d-spacing; Wood decay; X-ray diffraction ID SYNCHROTRON X-RAY; STATE C-13 NMR; WOOD DECAY; ENZYMATIC-HYDROLYSIS; SERPULA-LACRYMANS; NATIVE CELLULOSES; POSTIA-PLACENTA; MAS NMR; LIGNIN; LIGNOCELLULOSE AB Wood-decaying basidiomycetes are some of the most effective bioconverters of lignocellulose in nature, however the way they alter wood crystalline cellulose on a molecular level is still not well understood. To address this, we examined and compared changes in wood undergoing decay by two species of brown rot fungi, Gloeophyllum trabeum and Meruliporia incrassata, and two species of white rot fungi, Irpex lacteus and Pycnoporus sanguineus, using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and C-13 solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. The overall percent crystallinity in wood undergoing decay by M. incrassata, G. trabeum, and I. lacteus appeared to decrease according to the stage of decay, while in wood decayed by P. sanguineus the crystallinity was found to increase during some stages of degradation. This result is suggested to be potentially due to the different decay strategies employed by these fungi. The average spacing between the 200 cellulose crystal planes was significantly decreased in wood degraded by brown rot, whereas changes observed in wood degraded by the two white rot fungi examined varied according to the selectivity for lignin. The conclusions were supported by a quantitative analysis of the structural components in the wood before and during decay confirming the distinct differences observed for brown and white rot fungi. The results from this study were consistent with differences in degradation methods previously reported among fungal species, specifically more nonenzymatic degradation in brown rot versus more enzymatic degradation in white rot. (C) 2012 The British Mycological Society. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Hastrup, Anne Christine Steenkjaer] Aalborg Univ, Dept Biotechnol Chem & Environm Engn, DK-2450 Copenhagen SV, Denmark. [Howell, Caitlin] Univ Heidelberg, Inst Appl Phys Chem, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany. [Larsen, Flemming Hofmann] Univ Copenhagen, Dept Food Sci, DK-1958 Frederiksberg C, Denmark. [Sathitsuksanoh, Noppadon] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Joint BioEnergy Inst, Emeryville, CA 94608 USA. [Goodell, Barry] Virginia Tech, Dept Sustainable Biomat, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Jellison, Jody] Virginia Tech, Coll Life Sci & Agr, Virginia Agr Expt Stn, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. RP Hastrup, ACS (reprint author), Aalborg Univ, Dept Biotechnol Chem & Environm Engn, AC Meyers Vaenge 15, DK-2450 Copenhagen SV, Denmark. EM acsh@bio.aau.dk; chowell@seas.harvard.edu; fhl@life.ku.dk; nsathitsuksanoh@lbl.gov; Goodell@vt.edu; jody@vt.edu RI sathitsuksanoh, noppadon/O-6305-2014; Larsen, Flemming/A-5255-2015; Howell, Caitlin/E-4274-2016 OI sathitsuksanoh, noppadon/0000-0003-1521-9155; Larsen, Flemming/0000-0001-5180-6870; Howell, Caitlin/0000-0002-9345-6642 FU University of Copenhagen PhD Scholarship; US NSF FX We thank David Frankel, UMaine for assistance with the X-ray diffraction instrumentation; Merian Haugwitz for assisting with statistical analysis. Martin F. Stoner for providing the original Meruliporia incrassata strain. Anne Christine Steenkjaer Hastrup acknowledges support from the University of Copenhagen PhD Scholarship. Caitlin Howell acknowledges support from a US NSF Graduate Research Fellowship. NR 61 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 3 U2 67 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1878-6146 J9 FUNGAL BIOL-UK JI Fungal Biol. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 116 IS 10 BP 1052 EP 1063 DI 10.1016/j.funbio.2012.07.009 PG 12 WC Mycology SC Mycology GA 038NZ UT WOS:000311182700004 PM 23063184 ER PT J AU Langley, CH Stevens, K Cardeno, C Lee, YCG Schrider, DR Pool, JE Langley, SA Suarez, C Corbett-Detig, RB Kolaczkowski, B Fang, S Nista, PM Holloway, AK Kern, AD Dewey, CN Song, YS Hahn, MW Begun, DJ AF Langley, Charles H. Stevens, Kristian Cardeno, Charis Lee, Yuh Chwen G. Schrider, Daniel R. Pool, John E. Langley, Sasha A. Suarez, Charlyn Corbett-Detig, Russell B. Kolaczkowski, Bryan Fang, Shu Nista, Phillip M. Holloway, Alisha K. Kern, Andrew D. Dewey, Colin N. Song, Yun S. Hahn, Matthew W. Begun, David J. TI Genomic Variation in Natural Populations of Drosophila melanogaster SO GENETICS LA English DT Article ID NEUTRAL MOLECULAR VARIATION; ADAPTIVE PROTEIN EVOLUTION; STANDING GENETIC-VARIATION; RESTRICTION MAP VARIATION; COPY-NUMBER POLYMORPHISM; SYNONYMOUS CODON USAGE; HOT-SPOT ACTIVITY; LINKAGE DISEQUILIBRIUM; MEIOTIC RECOMBINATION; X-CHROMOSOME AB This report of independent genome sequences of two natural populations of Drosophila melanogaster (37 from North America and 6 from Africa) provides unique insight into forces shaping genomic polymorphism and divergence. Evidence of interactions between natural selection and genetic linkage is abundant not only in centromere-and telomere-proximal regions, but also throughout the euchromatic arms. Linkage disequilibrium, which decays within 1 kbp, exhibits a strong bias toward coupling of the more frequent alleles and provides a high-resolution map of recombination rate. The juxtaposition of population genetics statistics in small genomic windows with gene structures and chromatin states yields a rich, high-resolution annotation, including the following: (1) 5'-and 3'-UTRs are enriched for regions of reduced polymorphism relative to lineage-specific divergence; (2) exons overlap with windows of excess relative polymorphism; (3) epigenetic marks associated with active transcription initiation sites overlap with regions of reduced relative polymorphism and relatively reduced estimates of the rate of recombination; (4) the rate of adaptive nonsynonymous fixation increases with the rate of crossing over per base pair; and (5) both duplications and deletions are enriched near origins of replication and their density correlates negatively with the rate of crossing over. Available demographic models of X and autosome descent cannot account for the increased divergence on the X and loss of diversity associated with the out-of-Africa migration. Comparison of the variation among these genomes to variation among genomes from D. simulans suggests that many targets of directional selection are shared between these species. C1 [Langley, Charles H.] Univ Calif Davis, Ctr Populat Biol, Dept Ecol & Evolut, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Schrider, Daniel R.; Nista, Phillip M.; Hahn, Matthew W.] Indiana Univ, Dept Biol, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. [Schrider, Daniel R.; Hahn, Matthew W.] Indiana Univ, Sch Informat & Comp, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. [Langley, Sasha A.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Kolaczkowski, Bryan] Univ Florida, Dept Microbiol & Cell Sci, Gainesville, FL 32601 USA. [Holloway, Alisha K.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Gladstone Inst Cardiovasc Dis, San Francisco, CA 94158 USA. [Kern, Andrew D.] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Genet, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. [Kern, Andrew D.] Rutgers State Univ, Inst Human Genet, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. [Fang, Shu] Acad Sinica, Biodivers Res Ctr, Taipei 115, Taiwan. [Dewey, Colin N.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Biostat & Med Informat, Madison, WI 53792 USA. [Song, Yun S.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Div Comp Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Song, Yun S.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Stat, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Langley, CH (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Ctr Populat Biol, Dept Ecol & Evolut, 3342B Storer Hall,1 Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM chlangley@ucdavis.edu RI Holloway, Alisha/H-9574-2013 OI Holloway, Alisha/0000-0001-9810-389X FU National Institutes of Health (NIH) [R00-GM080099, R01-GM094402, HG02942]; Neukom Institute; Dartmouth College FX Y.S.S. was supported by National Institutes of Health (NIH) grants R00-GM080099 and R01-GM094402, A.D.K. was supported by the Neukom Institute and Dartmouth College, and C.H.L. was supported by NIH grant HG02942. NR 239 TC 122 Z9 124 U1 8 U2 113 PU GENETICS SOC AM PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE AVE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 1943-2631 J9 GENETICS JI Genetics PD OCT PY 2012 VL 192 IS 2 BP 533 EP + DI 10.1534/genetics.112.142018 PG 106 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA 016VI UT WOS:000309547400016 PM 22673804 ER PT J AU Dauphas, N Roskosz, M Alp, EE Golden, DC Sio, CK Tissot, FLH Hu, MY Zhao, J Gao, L Morris, RV AF Dauphas, N. Roskosz, M. Alp, E. E. Golden, D. C. Sio, C. K. Tissot, F. L. H. Hu, M. Y. Zhao, J. Gao, L. Morris, R. V. TI A general moment NRIXS approach to the determination of equilibrium Fe isotopic fractionation factors: Application to goethite and jarosite SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article ID NUCLEAR RESONANT SCATTERING; DENSITY-OF-STATES; X-RAY-SCATTERING; DISSIMILATORY FE(III) REDUCTION; AQUO-CHLORO COMPLEXES; AQUEOUS FERROUS IRON; MOSSBAUER SUM-RULES; MERIDIANI-PLANUM; SYNCHROTRON-RADIATION; VIBRATIONAL SPECTROSCOPY AB The equilibrium Fe isotopic fractionation factors of goethite and jarosite have considerable importance for interpreting Fe isotope variations in low temperature aqueous systems on Earth and possibly Mars in the context of future sample return missions. We measured the beta-factors of goethite FeO(OH), potassium-jarosite KFe3(SO4)(2)(OH)(6), and hydronium-jarosite (H3O)Fe-3(SO4)(2)(OH)(6), by Nuclear Resonant Inelastic X-ray Scattering (NRIXS, also known as Nuclear Resonance Vibrational Spectroscopy - NRVS or Nuclear Inelastic Scattering - NIS) at the Advanced Photon Source. These measurements were made on synthetic minerals enriched in Fe-57. A new method (i.e., the general moment approach) is presented to calculate beta-factors from the moments of the NRIXS spectrum S(E). The first term in the moment expansion controls iron isotopic fractionation at high temperature and corresponds to the mean force constant of the iron bonds, a quantity that is readily measured and often reported in NRIXS studies. The mean force constants of goethite, potassium-jarosite, and hydronium-jarosite are 314 +/- 14, 264 +/- 12, and 310 +/- 14 N/m, respectively (uncertainties include statistical and systematic errors). The general moment approach gives Fe-56/Fe-54 beta-factors of 9.7, 8.3, and 9.5& at 22 degrees C for these minerals. The beta-factor of goethite measured by NRIXS is larger than that estimated by combining results from laboratory exchange experiments and calculations based on electronic structure theory. Similar issues have been identified previously for other pairs of mineral-aqueous species, which could reflect inadequacies of approaches based on electronic structure theory to calculate absolute beta-factors (differences in beta-factors between aqueous species may be more accurate) or failure of laboratory experiments to measure mineral-fluid equilibrium isotopic fractionation at low temperature. We apply the force constant approach to published NRIXS data and report 1000 x ln beta for important Fe-bearing phases of geological and biochemical relevance such as myoglobin, cytochrome f, pyroxene, metal, troilite, chalcopyrite, hematite, and magnetite. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Dauphas, N.; Sio, C. K.; Tissot, F. L. H.] Univ Chicago, Dept Geophys Sci, Origins Lab, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Dauphas, N.; Sio, C. K.; Tissot, F. L. H.] Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Roskosz, M.] Univ Lille 1, Unite Mat & Transformat, CNRS UMR 8207, F-69655 Villeneuve Dascq, France. [Alp, E. E.; Hu, M. Y.; Zhao, J.; Gao, L.] Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Golden, D. C.] Engn & Sci Contract Grp Hamilton Sundstrand, Houston, TX 77058 USA. [Morris, R. V.] NASA, Lyndon B Johnson Space Ctr, Houston, TX 77058 USA. RP Dauphas, N (reprint author), Univ Chicago, Dept Geophys Sci, Origins Lab, 5734 S Ellis Ave, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. EM dauphas@uchicago.edu FU NASA [NNX09AG59G]; NSF EAR Petrology and Geochemistry [EAR-1144429]; Packard Fellowship; COMPRES under NSF [EAR 10-43050]; US DOE [DE-AC02-06CH11367] FX We thank C. Achilles for determination of particle sizes using XRD data. Discussions with W. Sturhahn, R.N. Clayton, R. Caracas, and T. Fujii regarding data reduction, background subtraction, and stable isotope fractionation were greatly appreciated. M. Meheut, V. Polyakov, A. Shahar, and Associate editor E. Schauble are thanked for their thoughtful reviews of the manuscript. This work was supported by NASA (NNX09AG59G), by NSF EAR Petrology and Geochemistry (EAR-1144429), and by a Packard Fellowship to N. Dauphas. L. Gao acknowledges the financial support from COMPRES under NSF Cooperative Agreement EAR 10-43050. Use of the Advanced Photon Source, an Office of Science User Facility operated for the U. S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Science by Argonne National Laboratory, was supported by the US DOE under contract No DE-AC02-06CH11367. NR 104 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 5 U2 51 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0016-7037 EI 1872-9533 J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta PD OCT 1 PY 2012 VL 94 BP 254 EP 275 DI 10.1016/j.gca.2012.06.013 PG 22 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 016HV UT WOS:000309509400016 ER PT J AU Darling, AL Karlstrom, KE Granger, DE Aslan, A Kirby, E Ouimet, WB Lazear, GD Coblentz, DD Cole, RD AF Darling, Andrew L. Karlstrom, Karl E. Granger, Darryl E. Aslan, Andres Kirby, Eric Ouimet, William B. Lazear, Gregory D. Coblentz, David D. Cole, Rex D. TI New incision rates along the Colorado River system based on cosmogenic burial dating of terraces: Implications for regional controls on Quaternary incision SO GEOSPHERE LA English DT Article ID SMALL-SCALE CONVECTION; GRAND-CANYON; ROCKY-MOUNTAINS; PLEISTOCENE INCISION; CAVE SEDIMENTS; VOLCANIC FIELD; EROSION RATES; YELLOW-RIVER; GLEN CANYON; HALF-LIFE AB New cosmogenic burial and published dates of Colorado and Green river terraces are used to infer variable incision rates along the rivers in the past 10 Ma. A knickpoint at Lees Ferry separates the lower and upper Colorado River basins. We obtained an isochron cosmogenic burial date of 1.5 +/- 0.13 Ma on a 190-m-high strath terrace near Bullfrog Basin, Utah (upstream of Lees Ferry). This age yields an average incision rate of 126 + 12/-10 m/Ma above the knickpoint and is three times older than a cosmogenic surface age on the same terrace, suggesting that surface dates inferred by exposure dating may be minimum ages. Incision rates below Lees Ferry are faster, similar to 170 m/Ma-230 m/Ma, suggesting upstream knickpoint migration over the past several million years. A terrace at Hite (above Lees Ferry) yields an isochron burial age of 0.29 +/- 0.17 Ma, and a rate of similar to 300-900 m/Ma, corroborating incision acceleration in Glen Canyon. Within the upper basin, isochron cosmogenic burial dates of 1.48 +/- 0.12 Ma on a 60 m terrace near the Green River in Desolation Canyon, Utah, and 1.2 +/- 0.3 Ma on a 120 m terrace upstream of Flaming Gorge, Wyoming, give incision rates of 41 +/- 3 m/Ma and 100 + 33/-20 m/Ma, respectively. In contrast, incision rates along the upper Colorado River are 150 m/Ma over 0.64 and 10 Ma time frames. Higher incision rates, gradient, and discharge along the upper Colorado River relative to the Green River are consistent with differential rock uplift of the Colorado Rockies relative to the Colorado Plateau. C1 [Darling, Andrew L.] Arizona State Univ, Sch Earth & Space Explorat, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. [Karlstrom, Karl E.] Univ New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [Granger, Darryl E.] Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Aslan, Andres; Cole, Rex D.] Colorado Mesa Univ, Dept Phys & Environm Sci, Grand Junction, CO 81501 USA. [Kirby, Eric] Penn State Univ, Dept Geosci, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Ouimet, William B.] Univ Connecticut, Dept Geog, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. [Coblentz, David D.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Geodynam Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Darling, AL (reprint author), Arizona State Univ, Sch Earth & Space Explorat, Interdisciplinary Sci & Technol Bldg 4,Room 795, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. FU National Science Foundation [EAR-0607808]; PRIME Lab, Purdue University [EAR-0851981]; Alexander von Humboldt Foundation; [EAR-0844151] FX Funding for this project came from the National Science Foundation Continental Dynamics program grant (EAR-0607808) to University of New Mexico, and a seed grant from PRIME Lab, Purdue University (EAR-0851981). Sample BP (Bostwick Park) was supported by grant EAR-0844151 to DG. EK acknowledges support from the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation during preparation of this manuscript. We would like to extend thanks to many who helped in the field, including Shelby Blessing, Ryan Crow, Fran Lazear, Bruce Coriell, Richard Elliott, Tyler Doane, Robert Jacobsen, Alexander Kerney, Anna Kutkiewicz, Kira Olsen, and Anna Phelps. Laboratory assistance from Tom Clifton and Greg Chmiel at PRIME is also greatly appreciated. We thank Thomas C. Hanks and an anonymous reviewer for their constructive and thoughtful comments on the manuscript as well as Kelin Whipple for further guidance. NR 97 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 1 U2 36 PU GEOLOGICAL SOC AMER, INC PI BOULDER PA PO BOX 9140, BOULDER, CO 80301-9140 USA SN 1553-040X J9 GEOSPHERE JI Geosphere PD OCT PY 2012 VL 8 IS 5 BP 1020 EP 1041 DI 10.1130/GES00724.1 PG 22 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA 027JD UT WOS:000310347400003 ER PT J AU Esedo, R van Wijk, J Coblentz, D Meyer, R AF Esedo, Raphael van Wijk, Jolante Coblentz, David Meyer, Romain TI Uplift prior to continental breakup: Indication for removal of mantle lithosphere? SO GEOSPHERE LA English DT Article ID ATLANTIC IGNEOUS PROVINCE; CHINA SEA MARGIN; NORTH-ATLANTIC; DYNAMIC TOPOGRAPHY; RIFTED MARGINS; SURFACE UPLIFT; SUBSIDENCE; PLATE; CONSTRAINTS; CONVECTION AB Uplift or reduced subsidence prior to continental breakup is a key component of the rift-drift transition. This uplift causes lateral variations in the lithospheric potential energy, which can increase intraplate deviatoric tension, thereby facilitating continental rupture. There is a growing body of evidence that pre-breakup uplift is a global phenomenon characteristic of magmatic and magma-poor rifted margins. Evidence is provided by the subaerial extrusion of lava interpreted from drill logs, stratigraphic records, the presence of breakup unconformities, and the spatial extent of uplift associated with Afar (the Ethiopian-Somali plateau), which may be at the stage of rupture. Previously discussed mechanisms contributing to this uplift include phase transitions, dynamic uplift from mantle plumes, and magmatic underplated bodies. We show in this study that dynamic uplift resulting from passive upwelling asthenosphere below the rift is limited (similar to 200 m). Isostatic arguments suggest that removal of mantle lithosphere is a necessary and effective mechanism for uplift coincident with rupture. The combination of mantle phase transitions and a very thin mantle lid produces an excess potential energy state (as evidenced by a positive geoid anomaly) and leads to tensional forces favorable for rupture. These results underpin our proposed model for continental breakup where removal of mantle lithosphere by either detachment or formation of gravitational instabilities is a characteristic process. Observations of depth-dependent thinning and geochemical data support this model. C1 [Esedo, Raphael; van Wijk, Jolante] Univ Houston, Dept Earth & Atmospher Sci, Houston, TX 77204 USA. [Coblentz, David] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Earth & Environm Sci, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Meyer, Romain] Univ Bergen, Ctr Geobiol, N-5007 Bergen, Norway. [Meyer, Romain] Univ Bergen, Dept Earth Sci, N-5007 Bergen, Norway. RP van Wijk, J (reprint author), Univ Houston, Dept Earth & Atmospher Sci, 312 Sci & Res Bldg 1, Houston, TX 77204 USA. EM rcesedo@mail.uh.edu; jwvanwijk@uh.edu; coblentz@lanl.gov; romain.meyer@geo.uib.no FU National Science Foundation [EAR-1015250] FX This study has been funded by National Science Foundation grant EAR-1015250 to van Wijk. We thank the reviewers for their constructive comments, and Jeroen van Hunen for discussions on the numerical models. NR 59 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 37 PU GEOLOGICAL SOC AMER, INC PI BOULDER PA PO BOX 9140, BOULDER, CO 80301-9140 USA SN 1553-040X J9 GEOSPHERE JI Geosphere PD OCT PY 2012 VL 8 IS 5 BP 1078 EP 1085 DI 10.1130/GES00748.1 PG 8 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA 027JD UT WOS:000310347400006 ER PT J AU Labyed, Y Huang, LJ AF Labyed, Yassin Huang, Lianjie TI Ultrasound Time-Reversal MUSIC Imaging With Diffraction and Attenuation Compensation SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ULTRASONICS FERROELECTRICS AND FREQUENCY CONTROL LA English DT Article ID SCATTERING; OPERATOR; DECOMPOSITION; TARGETS; SYSTEM AB Time-reversal imaging with multiple signal classification (TR-MUSIC) is an algorithm for imaging point-like scatterers embedded in a homogeneous and non-attenuative medium. We generalize this algorithm to account for the attenuation in the medium and the diffraction effects caused by the finite size of the transducer elements. The generalized algorithm yields higher-resolution images than those obtained with the original TR-MUSIC algorithm. We evaluate the axial and lateral resolutions of the images obtained with the generalized algorithm when noise corrupts the recorded signals and show that the axial resolution is degraded more than the lateral resolution. The TR-MUSIC algorithm is valid only when the number of point-like targets in the imaging plane is fewer than the number of transducer elements used to interrogate the medium. We remedy this shortcoming by dividing the imaging plane into subregions and applying the TR-MUSIC algorithm to the windowed backscattered signals corresponding to each subregion. The images of all subregions are then combined to form the total image. Imaging results of numerical and phantom data show that when the number of scatterers within each subregion is much smaller than the number of transducer elements, the windowing method yields super-resolution images with accurate scatterer localization. We use computer simulations and tissue-mimicking phantom data acquired with a real-time synthetic-aperture ultrasound system to illustrate the algorithms presented in the paper. C1 [Labyed, Yassin; Huang, Lianjie] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA. RP Labyed, Y (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA. EM yassin_labyed@yahoo.com; ljh@lanl.gov FU Breast Cancer Research Program of the Department of Defense Congressionally Directed Medical Research Programs FX This work was supported by the Breast Cancer Research Program of the Department of Defense Congressionally Directed Medical Research Programs. NR 30 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 15 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0885-3010 J9 IEEE T ULTRASON FERR JI IEEE Trans. Ultrason. Ferroelectr. Freq. Control PD OCT PY 2012 VL 59 IS 10 BP 2186 EP 2200 DI 10.1109/TUFFC.2012.2445 PG 15 WC Acoustics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Acoustics; Engineering GA 034TU UT WOS:000310896600008 PM 23143569 ER PT J AU Mitri, FG AF Mitri, Farid G. TI Interaction of an Acoustical Quasi-Gaussian Beam With a Rigid Sphere: Linear Axial Scattering, Instantaneous Force, and Time-Averaged Radiation Force SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ULTRASONICS FERROELECTRICS AND FREQUENCY CONTROL LA English DT Letter ID ORDER BESSEL BEAM; HALF-CONE ANGLES; ELASTIC SPHERE; TEMPERATURE ELEVATION; STANDING WAVES; VORTEX BEAM; TWEEZERS; SUPERPOSITION; REFLECTION; MICROSCOPE AB This work focuses on the interaction of an acoustical quasi-Gaussian beam centered on a rigid immovable sphere, during which at least three physical phenomena arise-the (axial) acoustic scattering, the instantaneous force, and the time-averaged radiation force-which are investigated here. The quasi-Gaussian beam is an exact solution of the source-free Helmholtz wave equation and is characterized by an arbitrary waist, w(0), and a diffraction convergence length known as the Rayleigh range, z(R). Specialized formulations for the scattering and the instantaneous force function, as well as the (time-averaged) radiation force function, are provided. Numerical computations illustrate the variations of the backscattering form function, the instantaneous force function, and the (time-averaged) radiation force function versus the dimensionless frequency ka (where k is the wave number and a is the radius of the sphere); the results show significant differences from the plane wave limit when the dimensionless beam waist parameter kw(0) < 25. The radiation force function may be used to calibrate high-frequency transducers operating with this type of beam. Furthermore, the theoretical analysis can be readily extended to the case of other types of spheres (i.e., elastic, viscoelastic, shells, and coated spheres and shells), providing that their appropriate scattering coefficients are used. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Acoust & Sensors Technol Team, Los Alamos, NM USA. RP Mitri, FG (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Acoust & Sensors Technol Team, MPA-11,MS D429, Los Alamos, NM USA. EM mitri@lanl.gov NR 45 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 3 U2 22 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0885-3010 J9 IEEE T ULTRASON FERR JI IEEE Trans. Ultrason. Ferroelectr. Freq. Control PD OCT PY 2012 VL 59 IS 10 BP 2347 EP 2351 DI 10.1109/TUFFC.2012.2460 PG 5 WC Acoustics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Acoustics; Engineering GA 034TU UT WOS:000310896600023 PM 23143584 ER PT J AU Appleby, SA De Felice, A Linder, EV AF Appleby, Stephen A. De Felice, Antonio Linder, Eric V. TI Fab 5: noncanonical kinetic gravity, self tuning, and cosmic acceleration SO JOURNAL OF COSMOLOGY AND ASTROPARTICLE PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE dark energy theory; modified gravity; gravity ID FIELD-EQUATIONS; K-INFLATION; PERTURBATIONS; F(R AB We investigate circumstances under which one can generalize Horndeski's most general scalar-tensor theory of gravity. Specifically we demonstrate that a nonlinear combination of purely kinetic gravity terms can give rise to an accelerating universe without the addition of extra propagating degrees of freedom on cosmological backgrounds, and exhibit self tuning to bring a large cosmological constant under control. This nonlinear approach leads to new properties that may be instructive for exploring the behaviors of gravity. C1 [Appleby, Stephen A.; Linder, Eric V.] Ewha Womans Univ, Inst Early Universe WCU, Seoul, South Korea. [De Felice, Antonio] Naresuan Univ, Inst Fundamental Study, NEP, ThEPs CRL, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand. [Linder, Eric V.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Linder, Eric V.] Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Appleby, SA (reprint author), Ewha Womans Univ, Inst Early Universe WCU, Seoul, South Korea. EM stephen.appleby@ewha.ac.kr; adefelic@gmail.com; evlinder@lbl.gov FU World Class University through the National Research Foundation, Ministry of Education, Science and Technology of Korea [R32-2009-000-10130-0]; Office of Science, Office of High Energy Physics, of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX ADF is grateful for the warm hospitality provided at the Institute for the Early Universe where the project was initiated. This work has been supported by World Class University grant R32-2009-000-10130-0 through the National Research Foundation, Ministry of Education, Science and Technology of Korea, and in part by the Director, Office of Science, Office of High Energy Physics, of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. NR 37 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1475-7516 J9 J COSMOL ASTROPART P JI J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys. PD OCT PY 2012 IS 10 AR 060 DI 10.1088/1475-7516/2012/10/060 PG 22 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 033KD UT WOS:000310793700061 ER PT J AU Aaltonen, T Gonzalez, BA Amerio, S Amidei, D Anastassov, A Annovi, A Antos, J Apollinari, G Appel, JA Arisawa, T Artikov, A Asaadi, J Ashmanskas, W Auerbach, B Aurisano, A Azfar, F Badgett, W Bae, T Barbaro-Galtieri, A Barnes, VE Barnett, BA Barria, P Bartos, P Bauce, M Bedeschi, F Behari, S Bellettini, G Bellinger, J Benjamin, D Beretvas, A Bhatti, A Bisello, D Bizjak, I Bland, KR Blumenfeld, B Bocci, A Bodek, A Bortoletto, D Boudreau, J Boveia, A Brigliadori, L Bromberg, C Brucken, E Budagov, J Budd, HS Burkett, K Busetto, G Bussey, P Buzatu, A Calamba, A Calancha, C Camarda, S Campanelli, M Campbell, M Canelli, F Carls, B Carlsmith, D Carosi, R Carrillo, S Carron, S Casal, B Casarsa, M Castro, A Catastini, P Cauz, D Cavaliere, V Cavalli-Sforza, M Cerri, A Cerrito, L Chen, YC Chertok, M Chiarelli, G Chlachidze, G Chlebana, F Cho, K Chokheli, D Chung, WH Chung, YS Ciocci, MA Clark, A Clarke, C Compostella, G Convery, ME Conway, J Corbo, M Cordelli, M Cox, CA Cox, DJ Crescioli, F Cuevas, J Culbertson, R Dagenhart, D d'Ascenzo, N Datta, M de Barbaro, P Dell'Orso, M Demortier, L Deninno, M Devoto, F d'Errico, M Di Canto, A Di Ruzza, B Dittmann, JR D'Onofrio, M Donati, S Dong, P Dorigo, M Dorigo, T Ebina, K Elagin, A Eppig, A Erbacher, R Errede, S Ershaidat, N Eusebi, R Farrington, S Feindt, M Fernandez, JP Field, R Flanagan, G Forrest, R Frank, MJ Franklin, M Freeman, JC Funakoshi, Y Furic, I Gallinaro, M Garcia, JE Garfinkel, AF Garosi, P Gerberich, H Gerchtein, E Giagu, S Giakoumopoulou, V Giannetti, P Gibson, K Ginsburg, CM Giokaris, N Giromini, P Giurgiu, G Glagolev, V Glenzinski, D Gold, M Goldin, D Goldschmidt, N Golossanov, A Gomez, G Gomez-Ceballos, G Goncharov, M Gonzalez, O Gorelov, I Goshaw, AT Goulianos, K Grinstein, S Grosso-Pilcher, C Group, RC da Costa, JG Hahn, SR Halkiadakis, E Hamaguchi, A Han, JY Happacher, F Hara, K Hare, D Hare, M Harr, RF Hatakeyama, K Hays, C Heck, M Heinrich, J Herndon, M Hewamanage, S Hocker, A Hopkins, W Horn, D Hou, S Hughes, RE Hurwitz, M Husemann, U Hussain, N Hussein, M Huston, J Introzzi, G Iori, M Ivanov, A James, E Jang, D Jayatilaka, B Jeon, EJ Jindariani, S Jones, M Joo, KK Jun, SY Junk, TR Kamon, T Karchin, PE Kasmi, A Kato, Y Ketchum, W Keung, J Khotilovich, V Kilminster, B Kim, DH Kim, HS Kim, JE Kim, MJ Kim, SB Kim, SH Kim, YK Kim, YJ Kimura, N Kirby, M Klimenko, S Knoepfel, K Kondo, K Kong, DJ Konigsberg, J Kotwal, AV Kreps, M Kroll, J Krop, D Kruse, M Krutelyov, V Kuhr, T Kurata, M Kwang, S Laasanen, AT Lami, S Lammel, S Lancaster, M Lander, RL Lannon, K Lath, A Latino, G LeCompte, T Lee, E Lee, HS Lee, JS Lee, SW Leo, S Leone, S Lewis, JD Limosani, A Lin, CJ Lindgren, M Lipeles, E Lister, A Litvintsev, DO Liu, C Liu, H Liu, Q Liu, T Lockwitz, S Loginov, A Lucchesi, D Lueck, J Lujan, P Lukens, P Lungu, G Lys, J Lysak, R Madrak, R Maeshima, K Maestro, P Malik, S Manca, G Manousakis-Katsikakis, A Margaroli, F Marino, C Martinez, M Mastrandrea, P Matera, K Mattson, ME Mazzacane, A Mazzanti, P McFarland, KS McIntyre, P McNulty, R Mehta, A Mehtala, P Mesropian, C Miao, T Mietlicki, D Mitra, A Miyake, H Moed, S Moggi, N Mondragon, MN Moon, CS Moore, R Morello, MJ Morlock, J Fernandez, PM Mukherjee, A Muller, T Murat, P Mussini, M Nachtman, J Nagai, Y Naganoma, J Nakano, I Napier, A Nett, J Neu, C Neubauer, MS Nielsen, J Nodulman, L Noh, SY Norniella, O Oakes, L Oh, SH Oh, YD Oksuzian, I Okusawa, T Orava, R Ortolan, L Griso, SP Pagliarone, C Palencia, E Papadimitriou, V Paramonov, AA Patrick, J Pauletta, G Paulini, M Paus, C Pellett, DE Penzo, A Phillips, TJ Piacentino, G Pianori, E Pilot, J Pitts, K Plager, C Pondrom, L Poprocki, S Potamianos, K Prokoshin, F Pranko, A Ptohos, F Punzi, G Rahaman, A Ramakrishnan, V Ranjan, N Redondo, I Renton, P Rescigno, M Riddick, T Rimondi, F Ristori, L Robson, A Rodrigo, T Rodriguez, T Rogers, E Rolli, S Roser, R Ruffini, F Ruiz, A Russ, J Rusu, V Safonov, A Sakumoto, WK Sakurai, Y Santi, L Sato, K Saveliev, V Savoy-Navarro, A Schlabach, P Schmidt, A Schmidt, EE Schwarz, T Scodellaro, L Scribano, A Scuri, F Seidel, S Seiya, Y Semenov, A Sforza, F Shalhout, SZ Shears, T Shepard, PF Shimojima, M Shochet, M Shreyber-Tecker, I Simonenko, A Sinervo, P Sliwa, K Smith, JR Snider, FD Soha, A Sorin, V Song, H Squillacioti, P Stancari, M Denis, RS Stelzer, B Stelzer-Chilton, O Stentz, D Strologas, J Strycker, GL Sudo, Y Sukhanov, A Suslov, I Takemasa, K Takeuchi, Y Tang, J Tecchio, M Teng, PK Thom, J Thome, J Thompson, GA Thomson, E Toback, D Tokar, S Tollefson, K Tomura, T Tonelli, D Torre, S Torretta, D Totaro, P Trovato, M Ukegawa, F Uozumi, S Varganov, A Vazquez, F Velev, G Vellidis, C Vidal, M Vila, I Vilar, R Vizan, J Vogel, M Volpi, G Wagner, P Wagner, RL Wakisaka, T Wallny, R Wang, SM Warburton, A Waters, D Wester, WC Whiteson, D Wicklund, AB Wicklund, E Wilbur, S Wick, F Williams, HH Wilson, JS Wilson, P Winer, BL Wittich, P Wolbers, S Wolfe, H Wright, T Wu, X Wu, Z Yamamoto, K Yamato, D Yang, T Yang, UK Yang, YC Yao, WM Yeh, GP Yi, K Yoh, J Yorita, K Yoshida, T Yu, GB Yu, I Yu, SS Yun, JC Zanetti, A Zeng, Y Zhou, C Zucchelli, S AF Aaltonen, T. Alvarez Gonzalez, B. Amerio, S. Amidei, D. Anastassov, A. Annovi, A. Antos, J. Apollinari, G. Appel, J. A. Arisawa, T. Artikov, A. Asaadi, J. Ashmanskas, W. Auerbach, B. Aurisano, A. Azfar, F. Badgett, W. Bae, T. Barbaro-Galtieri, A. Barnes, V. E. Barnett, B. A. Barria, P. Bartos, P. Bauce, M. Bedeschi, F. Behari, S. Bellettini, G. Bellinger, J. Benjamin, D. Beretvas, A. Bhatti, A. Bisello, D. Bizjak, I. Bland, K. R. Blumenfeld, B. Bocci, A. Bodek, A. Bortoletto, D. Boudreau, J. Boveia, A. Brigliadori, L. Bromberg, C. Brucken, E. Budagov, J. Budd, H. S. Burkett, K. Busetto, G. Bussey, P. Buzatu, A. Calamba, A. Calancha, C. Camarda, S. Campanelli, M. Campbell, M. Canelli, F. Carls, B. Carlsmith, D. Carosi, R. Carrillo, S. Carron, S. Casal, B. Casarsa, M. Castro, A. Catastini, P. Cauz, D. Cavaliere, V. Cavalli-Sforza, M. Cerri, A. Cerrito, L. Chen, Y. C. Chertok, M. Chiarelli, G. Chlachidze, G. Chlebana, F. Cho, K. Chokheli, D. Chung, W. H. Chung, Y. S. Ciocci, M. A. Clark, A. Clarke, C. Compostella, G. Convery, M. E. Conway, J. Corbo, M. Cordelli, M. Cox, C. A. Cox, D. J. Crescioli, F. Cuevas, J. Culbertson, R. Dagenhart, D. d'Ascenzo, N. Datta, M. de Barbaro, P. Dell'Orso, M. Demortier, L. Deninno, M. Devoto, F. d'Errico, M. Di Canto, A. Di Ruzza, B. Dittmann, J. R. D'Onofrio, M. Donati, S. Dong, P. Dorigo, M. Dorigo, T. Ebina, K. Elagin, A. Eppig, A. Erbacher, R. Errede, S. Ershaidat, N. Eusebi, R. Farrington, S. Feindt, M. Fernandez, J. P. Field, R. Flanagan, G. Forrest, R. Frank, M. J. Franklin, M. Freeman, J. C. Funakoshi, Y. Furic, I. Gallinaro, M. Garcia, J. E. Garfinkel, A. F. Garosi, P. Gerberich, H. Gerchtein, E. Giagu, S. Giakoumopoulou, V. Giannetti, P. Gibson, K. Ginsburg, C. M. Giokaris, N. Giromini, P. Giurgiu, G. Glagolev, V. Glenzinski, D. Gold, M. Goldin, D. Goldschmidt, N. Golossanov, A. Gomez, G. Gomez-Ceballos, G. Goncharov, M. Gonzalez, O. Gorelov, I. Goshaw, A. T. Goulianos, K. Grinstein, S. Grosso-Pilcher, C. Group, R. C. da Costa, J. Guimaraes Hahn, S. R. Halkiadakis, E. Hamaguchi, A. Han, J. Y. Happacher, F. Hara, K. Hare, D. Hare, M. Harr, R. F. Hatakeyama, K. Hays, C. Heck, M. Heinrich, J. Herndon, M. Hewamanage, S. Hocker, A. Hopkins, W. Horn, D. Hou, S. Hughes, R. E. Hurwitz, M. Husemann, U. Hussain, N. Hussein, M. Huston, J. Introzzi, G. Iori, M. Ivanov, A. James, E. Jang, D. Jayatilaka, B. Jeon, E. J. Jindariani, S. Jones, M. Joo, K. K. Jun, S. Y. Junk, T. R. Kamon, T. Karchin, P. E. Kasmi, A. Kato, Y. Ketchum, W. Keung, J. Khotilovich, V. Kilminster, B. Kim, D. H. Kim, H. S. Kim, J. E. Kim, M. J. Kim, S. B. Kim, S. H. Kim, Y. K. Kim, Y. J. Kimura, N. Kirby, M. Klimenko, S. Knoepfel, K. Kondo, K. Kong, D. J. Konigsberg, J. Kotwal, A. V. Kreps, M. Kroll, J. Krop, D. Kruse, M. Krutelyov, V. Kuhr, T. Kurata, M. Kwang, S. Laasanen, A. T. Lami, S. Lammel, S. Lancaster, M. Lander, R. L. Lannon, K. Lath, A. Latino, G. LeCompte, T. Lee, E. Lee, H. S. Lee, J. S. Lee, S. W. Leo, S. Leone, S. Lewis, J. D. Limosani, A. Lin, C. -J. Lindgren, M. Lipeles, E. Lister, A. Litvintsev, D. O. Liu, C. Liu, H. Liu, Q. Liu, T. Lockwitz, S. Loginov, A. Lucchesi, D. Lueck, J. Lujan, P. Lukens, P. Lungu, G. Lys, J. Lysak, R. Madrak, R. Maeshima, K. Maestro, P. Malik, S. Manca, G. Manousakis-Katsikakis, A. Margaroli, F. Marino, C. Martinez, M. Mastrandrea, P. Matera, K. Mattson, M. E. Mazzacane, A. Mazzanti, P. McFarland, K. S. McIntyre, P. McNulty, R. Mehta, A. Mehtala, P. Mesropian, C. Miao, T. Mietlicki, D. Mitra, A. Miyake, H. Moed, S. Moggi, N. Mondragon, M. N. Moon, C. S. Moore, R. Morello, M. J. Morlock, J. Fernandez, P. Movilla Mukherjee, A. Muller, Th. Murat, P. Mussini, M. Nachtman, J. Nagai, Y. Naganoma, J. Nakano, I. Napier, A. Nett, J. Neu, C. Neubauer, M. S. Nielsen, J. Nodulman, L. Noh, S. Y. Norniella, O. Oakes, L. Oh, S. H. Oh, Y. D. Oksuzian, I. Okusawa, T. Orava, R. Ortolan, L. Griso, S. Pagan Pagliarone, C. Palencia, E. Papadimitriou, V. Paramonov, A. A. Patrick, J. Pauletta, G. Paulini, M. Paus, C. Pellett, D. E. Penzo, A. Phillips, T. J. Piacentino, G. Pianori, E. Pilot, J. Pitts, K. Plager, C. Pondrom, L. Poprocki, S. Potamianos, K. Prokoshin, F. Pranko, A. Ptohos, F. Punzi, G. Rahaman, A. Ramakrishnan, V. Ranjan, N. Redondo, I. Renton, P. Rescigno, M. Riddick, T. Rimondi, F. Ristori, L. Robson, A. Rodrigo, T. Rodriguez, T. Rogers, E. Rolli, S. Roser, R. Ruffini, F. Ruiz, A. Russ, J. Rusu, V. Safonov, A. Sakumoto, W. K. Sakurai, Y. Santi, L. Sato, K. Saveliev, V. Savoy-Navarro, A. Schlabach, P. Schmidt, A. Schmidt, E. E. Schwarz, T. Scodellaro, L. Scribano, A. Scuri, F. Seidel, S. Seiya, Y. Semenov, A. Sforza, F. Shalhout, S. Z. Shears, T. Shepard, P. F. Shimojima, M. Shochet, M. Shreyber-Tecker, I. Simonenko, A. Sinervo, P. Sliwa, K. Smith, J. R. Snider, F. D. Soha, A. Sorin, V. Song, H. Squillacioti, P. Stancari, M. Denis, R. St. Stelzer, B. Stelzer-Chilton, O. Stentz, D. Strologas, J. Strycker, G. L. Sudo, Y. Sukhanov, A. Suslov, I. Takemasa, K. Takeuchi, Y. Tang, J. Tecchio, M. Teng, P. K. Thom, J. Thome, J. Thompson, G. A. Thomson, E. Toback, D. Tokar, S. Tollefson, K. Tomura, T. Tonelli, D. Torre, S. Torretta, D. Totaro, P. Trovato, M. Ukegawa, F. Uozumi, S. Varganov, A. Vazquez, F. Velev, G. Vellidis, C. Vidal, M. Vila, I. Vilar, R. Vizan, J. Vogel, M. Volpi, G. Wagner, P. Wagner, R. L. Wakisaka, T. Wallny, R. Wang, S. M. Warburton, A. Waters, D. Wester, W. C., III Whiteson, D. Wicklund, A. B. Wicklund, E. Wilbur, S. Wick, F. Williams, H. H. Wilson, J. S. Wilson, P. Winer, B. L. Wittich, P. Wolbers, S. Wolfe, H. Wright, T. Wu, X. Wu, Z. Yamamoto, K. Yamato, D. Yang, T. Yang, U. K. Yang, Y. C. Yao, W. -M. Yeh, G. P. Yi, K. Yoh, J. Yorita, K. Yoshida, T. Yu, G. B. Yu, I. Yu, S. S. Yun, J. C. Zanetti, A. Zeng, Y. Zhou, C. Zucchelli, S. CA CDF Collaboration TI Search for scalar top quark production in p(p)over-bar collisions at root s=1.96 TeV SO JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Hadron-Hadron Scattering ID ENERGY; GENERATION; COLLIDER; JETS AB We report on a search for the supersymmetric partner of the top quark (scalar top) decaying into a charm quark and a neutralino in p (p) over bar collisions at root s = 1.96 TeV. The data sample, collected by the CDF II detector at the Fermilab Tevatron, corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 2.6 fb(-1). Candidate events are selected by requiring two or more jets and a large imbalance in the transverse momentum. To enhance the analysis sensitivity, at least one of the jets is required to be identified as originating from a charm quark using an algorithm specifically designed for this analysis. The selected events are in good agreement with standard model predictions. In the case of large mass splitting between the scalar top quark and the neutralino we exclude a scalar top quark mass below 180 GeV/c(2) at 95% confidence level. C1 [Aaltonen, T.; Brucken, E.; Devoto, F.; Mehtala, P.; Orava, R.] Univ Helsinki, Dept Phys, Div High Energy Phys, FIN-00014 Helsinki, Finland. [Aaltonen, T.; Brucken, E.; Devoto, F.; Mehtala, P.; Orava, R.] Helsinki Inst Phys, FIN-00014 Helsinki, Finland. [Chen, Y. C.; Hou, S.; Mitra, A.; Teng, P. K.; Wang, S. M.] Acad Sinica, Inst Phys, Taipei 11529, Taiwan. [Kondo, K.; LeCompte, T.; Nodulman, L.; Paramonov, A. A.; Wicklund, A. B.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Giakoumopoulou, V.; Giokaris, N.; Manousakis-Katsikakis, A.] Univ Athens, GR-15771 Athens, Greece. [Camarda, S.; Cavalli-Sforza, M.; Grinstein, S.; Martinez, M.; Ortolan, L.; Sorin, V.] Univ Autonoma Barcelona, Inst Fis Altes Energies, ICREA, E-08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain. [Bland, K. R.; Dittmann, J. R.; Frank, M. 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C.; Liu, H.; Neu, C.; Oksuzian, I.] Univ Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22906 USA. [Arisawa, T.; Ebina, K.; Funakoshi, Y.; Kimura, N.; Kondo, K.; Naganoma, J.; Sakurai, Y.; Yorita, K.] Waseda Univ, Tokyo 169, Japan. [Clarke, C.; Harr, R. F.; Karchin, P. E.; Mattson, M. E.] Wayne State Univ, Detroit, MI 48201 USA. [Bellinger, J.; Carlsmith, D.; Chung, W. H.; Herndon, M.; Pondrom, L.; Ramakrishnan, V.] Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Auerbach, B.; Husemann, U.; Lockwitz, S.; Loginov, A.] Yale Univ, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. RP Aaltonen, T (reprint author), Univ Helsinki, Dept Phys, Div High Energy Phys, FIN-00014 Helsinki, Finland. RI Prokoshin, Fedor/E-2795-2012; Punzi, Giovanni/J-4947-2012; Grinstein, Sebastian/N-3988-2014; Paulini, Manfred/N-7794-2014; Russ, James/P-3092-2014; vilar, rocio/P-8480-2014; Garcia, Jose /H-6339-2015; ciocci, maria agnese /I-2153-2015; Cavalli-Sforza, Matteo/H-7102-2015; Introzzi, Gianluca/K-2497-2015; Piacentino, Giovanni/K-3269-2015; song, hao/I-2782-2012; Gorelov, Igor/J-9010-2015; manca, giulia/I-9264-2012; Annovi, Alberto/G-6028-2012; Warburton, Andreas/N-8028-2013; Kim, Soo-Bong/B-7061-2014; Robson, Aidan/G-1087-2011; maestro, paolo/E-3280-2010; Chiarelli, Giorgio/E-8953-2012; Lysak, Roman/H-2995-2014; Moon, Chang-Seong/J-3619-2014; Scodellaro, Luca/K-9091-2014; Ivanov, Andrew/A-7982-2013; Ruiz, Alberto/E-4473-2011; Zeng, Yu/C-1438-2013 OI Prokoshin, Fedor/0000-0001-6389-5399; Punzi, Giovanni/0000-0002-8346-9052; Grinstein, Sebastian/0000-0002-6460-8694; Paulini, Manfred/0000-0002-6714-5787; Russ, James/0000-0001-9856-9155; ciocci, maria agnese /0000-0003-0002-5462; Introzzi, Gianluca/0000-0002-1314-2580; Piacentino, Giovanni/0000-0001-9884-2924; song, hao/0000-0002-3134-782X; Gorelov, Igor/0000-0001-5570-0133; Annovi, Alberto/0000-0002-4649-4398; Warburton, Andreas/0000-0002-2298-7315; maestro, paolo/0000-0002-4193-1288; Chiarelli, Giorgio/0000-0001-9851-4816; Moon, Chang-Seong/0000-0001-8229-7829; Scodellaro, Luca/0000-0002-4974-8330; Ivanov, Andrew/0000-0002-9270-5643; Ruiz, Alberto/0000-0002-3639-0368; FU U.S. Department of Energy; National Science Foundation; Italian Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare; Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; National Science Council of the Republic of China; Swiss National Science Foundation; A.P. Sloan Foundation; Bundesministerium fur Bildung und Forschung, Germany; Korean World Class University Program, the National Research Foundation of Korea; Science and Technology Facilities Council; Royal Society, UK; Russian Foundation for Basic Research; Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion; Programa Consolider-Ingenio, Spain; Slovak RD Agency; Academy of Finland; Australian Research Council (ARC) FX We thank the Fermilab staff and the technical staffs of the participating institutions for their vital contributions. This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy and National Science Foundation; the Italian Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare; the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan; the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; the National Science Council of the Republic of China; the Swiss National Science Foundation; the A.P. Sloan Foundation; the Bundesministerium fur Bildung und Forschung, Germany; the Korean World Class University Program, the National Research Foundation of Korea; the Science and Technology Facilities Council and the Royal Society, UK; the Russian Foundation for Basic Research; the Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion, and Programa Consolider-Ingenio 2010, Spain; the Slovak R&D Agency; the Academy of Finland; and the Australian Research Council (ARC). NR 33 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 2 U2 15 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1029-8479 J9 J HIGH ENERGY PHYS JI J. High Energy Phys. PD OCT PY 2012 IS 10 AR 158 DI 10.1007/JHEP10(2012)158 PG 15 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 034DW UT WOS:000310851300041 ER PT J AU Bezrukov, F Kalmykov, MY Kniehl, BA Shaposhnikov, M AF Bezrukov, Fedor Kalmykov, Mikhail Yu. Kniehl, Bernd A. Shaposhnikov, Mikhail TI Higgs boson mass and new physics SO JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Standard Model; Higgs Physics; Renormalization Group ID RENORMALIZATION-GROUP EQUATIONS; QUANTUM-FIELD THEORY; 2-LOOP ELECTROWEAK CORRECTIONS; VACUUM-POLARIZATION FUNCTIONS; WEINBERG-SALAM MODEL; VS. POLE MASSES; STANDARD-MODEL; GAUGE BOSONS; RADIATIVE-CORRECTIONS; QCD CORRECTIONS AB We discuss the lower Higgs boson mass bounds which come from the absolute stability of the Standard Model (SM) vacuum and from the Higgs inflation, as well as the prediction of the Higgs boson mass coming from the asymptotic safety of the SM. We account for the three-loop renormalization group evolution of the couplings of the SM and for a part of the two-loop corrections that involve the QCD coupling alpha(s) to the initial conditions for their running. This is one step beyond the current state-of-the-art procedure ("one-loop matching-two-loop running"). This results in a reduction of the theoretical uncertainties in the Higgs boson mass bounds and predictions, associated with the SM physics, to 1-2GeV. We find that with the account of existing experimental uncertainties in the mass of the top quark and alpha(s) (taken at the 2 sigma level) the bound reads M-H >= M-min (equality corresponds to the asymptotic-safety prediction), where M-min = (129 +/- 6) GeV. We argue that the discovery of the SM Higgs boson in this range would be in agreement with the hypothesis of the absence of new energy scales between the Fermi and Planck scales, whereas the coincidence of M-H with M-min would suggest that the electroweak scale is determined by Planck physics. In order to clarify the relation between the Fermi and Planck scales a construction of an electron-positron or muon collider with a center-of-mass energy similar to (200 + 200 GeV) (Higgs and t-quark factory) would be needed. C1 [Bezrukov, Fedor] Univ Connecticut, Dept Phys, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. [Bezrukov, Fedor] Brookhaven Natl Lab, RIKEN BNL Res Ctr, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Kalmykov, Mikhail Yu.; Kniehl, Bernd A.] Univ Hamburg, Inst Theoret Phys 2, D-22761 Hamburg, Germany. [Shaposhnikov, Mikhail] Ecole Polytech Fed Lausanne, Inst Theorie Phenomenes Phys, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland. RP Bezrukov, F (reprint author), Univ Connecticut, Dept Phys, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. EM Fedor.Bezrukov@uconn.edu; mikhail.kalmykov@desy.de; kniehl@desy.de; Mikhail.Shaposhnikov@epfl.ch RI Kalmykov, Mikhail /B-6965-2009; OI Kalmykov, Mikhail /0000-0002-1487-7693; Bezrukov, Fedor/0000-0003-3601-1003 FU Swiss National Science Foundation; German Federal Ministry for Education and Research BMBF [05H09GUE, 05H12GUE]; German Research Foundation DFG through the Collaborative Research Centre [676]; Helmholtz Association HGF through the Helmholtz Alliance Ha 101 Physics at the Teras-cale FX The work of M. S. was supported by the Swiss National Science Foundation. The work of M.Yu.K. and B. A. K. was supported in part by the German Federal Ministry for Education and Research BMBF through Grants No. 05H09GUE, and No. 05H12GUE by the German Research Foundation DFG through the Collaborative Research Centre No. 676 Particles, Strings and the Early Universe - The Structure of Matter and Space Time, and by the Helmholtz Association HGF through the Helmholtz Alliance Ha 101 Physics at the Teras-cale. We thank A. Boyarsky, K. Chetyrkin, D. Gorbunov, F. Jegerlehner, G. Passarino, O. Ruchayskiy, and M. Zoller for helpful discussions, collaboration and interest to our work. M.Yu.K. is indebted to Fred Jegerlehner for a fruitful long-time collaboration on studies of the (MS) over bar scheme beyond the one-loop order in the framework of quantum field theory models with spontaneously symmetry breaking, and in particular for collaboration on [ 65], the results and methods of which were heavily used in the present work. NR 122 TC 156 Z9 156 U1 2 U2 8 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1029-8479 J9 J HIGH ENERGY PHYS JI J. High Energy Phys. PD OCT PY 2012 IS 10 AR 140 DI 10.1007/JHEP10(2012)140 PG 35 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 034DW UT WOS:000310851300059 ER PT J AU Cohen, T Lisanti, M Slatyer, TR Wacker, JG AF Cohen, Timothy Lisanti, Mariangela Slatyer, Tracy R. Wacker, Jay G. TI Illuminating the 130 GeV gamma line with continuum photons SO JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Beyond Standard Model; Cosmology of Theories beyond the SM ID MINIMAL DARK-MATTER; NEUTRALINO ANNIHILATION AB There is evidence for a 130 GeV gamma-ray line at the Galactic Center in the Fermi Large Area Telescope data. Dark matter candidates that explain this feature should also annihilate to Standard Model particles, resulting in a continuous spectrum of photons. To study this continuum, we analyze the Fermi data down to 5 GeV, restricted to the inner 3 degrees of the Galaxy. We place a strong bound on the ratio of continuum photons to monochromatic line photons that is independent of uncertainties in the dark matter density profile. The derived constraints exclude neutralino dark matter as an explanation for the line. C1 [Cohen, Timothy; Wacker, Jay G.] Stanford Univ, SLAC, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. [Lisanti, Mariangela] Princeton Univ, Princeton Ctr Theoret Sci, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Slatyer, Tracy R.] Inst Adv Study, Sch Nat Sci, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA. RP Cohen, T (reprint author), Stanford Univ, SLAC, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. EM timcohen@slac.stanford.edu; mlisanti@princeton.edu; tslatyer@ias.edu; jgwacker@slac.stanford.edu FU US Department of Energy [DE-AC02-76SF00515]; Simons Postdoctoral Fellows Program; U.S. National Science Foundation, the LHC Theory Initiative [NSF-PHY-0705682]; NSF [PHY-0969448, AST-0807444] FX We thank E. Albin, N. Arkani-Hamed, K. Blum, M. Peskin, N. Weiner, C. Weniger, and D. Whiteson for useful discussions. TC is supported by the US Department of Energy under contract number DE-AC02-76SF00515. ML is supported by the Simons Postdoctoral Fellows Program and the U.S. National Science Foundation, grant NSF-PHY-0705682, the LHC Theory Initiative. TRS is supported by NSF grants PHY-0969448 and AST-0807444. JGW is supported by the US Department of Energy under contract number DE-AC02-76SF00515. NR 52 TC 45 Z9 45 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1029-8479 J9 J HIGH ENERGY PHYS JI J. High Energy Phys. PD OCT PY 2012 IS 10 AR 134 DI 10.1007/JHEP10(2012)134 PG 26 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 034DW UT WOS:000310851300065 ER PT J AU Li, TW Gopalakrishnan, P Garg, R Shahnam, M AF Li, Tingwen Gopalakrishnan, Pradeep Garg, Rahul Shahnam, Mehrdad TI CFD-DEM study of effect of bed thickness for bubbling fluidized beds SO PARTICUOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Bubbling fluidized bed; CFD; Wall effect; Discrete element method; Pseudo-2D; Flow hydrodynamics ID DIGITAL IMAGE-ANALYSIS; EXPERIMENTAL VALIDATION; NUMERICAL-SIMULATION; PART I; HYDRODYNAMICS; VELOCITY; BEHAVIOR; FLOWS; MODEL; SOFTWARE AB The effect of bed thickness in rectangular fluidized beds is investigated through the CFD-DEM simulations of small-scale systems. Numerical results are compared for bubbling fluidized beds of various bed thicknesses with respect to particle packing, bed expansion, bubble behavior, solids velocities, and particle kinetic energy. Good two-dimensional (2D) flow behavior is observed in the bed having a thickness of up to 20 particle diameters. However, a strong three-dimensional (3D) flow behavior is observed in beds with a thickness of 40 particle diameters, indicating the transition from 2D flow to 3D flow within the range of 20-40 particle diameters. Comparison of velocity profiles near the walls and at the center of the bed shows significant impact of the front and back walls on the flow hydrodynamics of pseudo-2D fluidized beds. Hence, for quantitative comparison with experiments in pseudo-2D columns, the effect of walls has to be accounted for in numerical simulations. (c) 2012 Chinese Society of Particuology and Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Li, Tingwen; Gopalakrishnan, Pradeep; Garg, Rahul; Shahnam, Mehrdad] Natl Energy Technol Lab, Dept Energy, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. [Li, Tingwen; Garg, Rahul] URS Corp, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. [Gopalakrishnan, Pradeep] Virginia Tech, Dept Mech Engn, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. RP Li, TW (reprint author), Natl Energy Technol Lab, Dept Energy, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. EM tingwen.li@ur.netl.doe.gov RI Li, Tingwen/D-2173-2012; Garg, Rahul/I-4174-2013 OI Li, Tingwen/0000-0002-1900-308X; FU National Energy Technology Laboratory's ongoing research in advanced numerical simulation of multiphase flow under the RES contract [DE-FE0004000] FX This technical report was produced in support of the National Energy Technology Laboratory's ongoing research in advanced numerical simulation of multiphase flow under the RES contract DE-FE0004000. NR 47 TC 32 Z9 35 U1 2 U2 52 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1674-2001 J9 PARTICUOLOGY JI Particuology PD OCT PY 2012 VL 10 IS 5 BP 532 EP 541 DI 10.1016/j.partic.2012.02.006 PG 10 WC Engineering, Chemical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Materials Science GA 038MU UT WOS:000311179600002 ER PT J AU Cho, Y Srivastava, A Ohm, RA Lawrence, CB Wang, KH Grigoriev, IV Marahatta, SP AF Cho, Yangrae Srivastava, Akhil Ohm, Robin A. Lawrence, Christopher B. Wang, Koon-Hui Grigoriev, Igor V. Marahatta, Sharadchandra P. TI Transcription Factor Amr1 Induces Melanin Biosynthesis and Suppresses Virulence in Alternaria brassicicola SO PLOS PATHOGENS LA English DT Article ID JAPANESE PEAR PATHOTYPE; PEPTIDE SYNTHETASE GENE; FUNGUS BIPOLARIS-ORYZAE; COLLETOTRICHUM-LAGENARIUM; RNA-SEQ; COCHLIOBOLUS-HETEROSTROPHUS; INSERTIONAL MUTAGENESIS; MAGNAPORTHE-GRISEA; GERMINATING SPORES; USTILAGO-MAYDIS AB Alternaria brassicicola is a successful saprophyte and necrotrophic plant pathogen. Several A. brassicicola genes have been characterized as affecting pathogenesis of Brassica species. To study regulatory mechanisms of pathogenesis, we mined 421 genes in silico encoding putative transcription factors in a machine-annotated, draft genome sequence of A. brassicicola. In this study, targeted gene disruption mutants for 117 of the transcription factor genes were produced and screened. Three of these genes were associated with pathogenesis. Disruption mutants of one gene (AbPacC) were nonpathogenic and another gene (AbVf8) caused lesions less than half the diameter of wild-type lesions. Unexpectedly, mutants of the third gene, Amr1, caused lesions with a two-fold larger diameter than the wild type and complementation mutants. Amr1 is a homolog of Cmr1, a transcription factor that regulates melanin biosynthesis in several fungi. We created gene deletion mutants of Damr1 and characterized their phenotypes. The Damr1 mutants used pectin as a carbon source more efficiently than the wild type, were melanin-deficient, and more sensitive to UV light and glucanase digestion. The AMR1 protein was localized in the nuclei of hyphae and in highly melanized conidia during the late stage of plant pathogenesis. RNA-seq analysis revealed that three genes in the melanin biosynthesis pathway, along with the deleted Amr1 gene, were expressed at low levels in the mutants. In contrast, many hydrolytic enzyme-coding genes were expressed at higher levels in the mutants than in the wild type during pathogenesis. The results of this study suggested that a gene important for survival in nature negatively affected virulence, probably by a less efficient use of plant cell-wall materials. We speculate that the functions of the Amr1 gene are important to the success of A. brassicicola as a competitive saprophyte and plant parasite. C1 [Cho, Yangrae; Srivastava, Akhil; Wang, Koon-Hui; Marahatta, Sharadchandra P.] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Ohm, Robin A.; Grigoriev, Igor V.] US DOE, Joint Genome Inst, Walnut Creek, CA USA. [Lawrence, Christopher B.] Virginia Tech, Virginia Bioinformat Inst, Blacksburg, VA USA. [Lawrence, Christopher B.] Virginia Tech, Dept Biol Sci, Blacksburg, VA USA. RP Cho, Y (reprint author), Univ Hawaii Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. EM yangrae@hawaii.edu RI Ohm, Robin/I-6689-2016 FU USDA-TSTAR [2009-34135-20197]; HATCH funds; Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX This research was supported by USDA-TSTAR 2009-34135-20197 and HATCH funds to YC, administered by the College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI. Analysis of RNA-seq data and downstream analyses were done by the U.S. Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute that is supported by the Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy under contract number DE-AC02-05CH11231. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 71 TC 17 Z9 19 U1 5 U2 47 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1553-7366 EI 1553-7374 J9 PLOS PATHOG JI PLoS Pathog. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 8 IS 10 AR e1002974 DI 10.1371/journal.ppat.1002974 PG 17 WC Microbiology; Parasitology; Virology SC Microbiology; Parasitology; Virology GA 029XH UT WOS:000310530300034 PM 23133370 ER PT J AU Han, WZ Demkowicz, MJ Fu, EG Wang, YQ Misra, A AF Han, W. Z. Demkowicz, M. J. Fu, E. G. Wang, Y. Q. Misra, A. TI Effect of grain boundary character on sink efficiency SO ACTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article DE Grain boundary; Void-denuded zone; Sink efficiency; Misorientation; Grain boundary plane ID NANOSTRUCTURED MATERIALS; STRUCTURAL-MATERIALS; IRRADIATED COPPER; RADIATION-DAMAGE; STAINLESS-STEEL; METALS; ALLOYS; MICROSTRUCTURE; TOLERANCE; HELIUM AB The dependence of the width of void-denuded zones (VDZs) on grain boundary (GB) characters was investigated in Cu irradiated with He ions at elevated temperature. Dislocation loops and voids formed near GBs during irradiation were characterized by transmission electron microscopy, and GB misorientations and normal planes were determined by electron back-scatter diffraction. The VDZ widths at Sigma 3 < 1 1 0 > tilt GBs ranged from 0 to 24 nm and increased with the GB plane inclination angle. For non-Sigma 3 GBs, VDZ widths ranged from 40 to 70 nm and generally increased with misorientation angle. Nevertheless, there is considerable scatter about this general trend, indicating that the remaining crystallographic parameters also play a role in determining the sink efficiencies of these GBs. In addition, the VDZ widths at two sides of a GB show different values for certain asymmetrical GBs. Voids were also observed within GB planes and their density and radius also appeared to depend on GB character. We conclude that GB sink efficiencies depend on the overall GB character, including both misorientation and GB plane orientation. Published by Elsevier Ltd. on behalf of Acta Materialia Inc. C1 [Han, W. Z.; Fu, E. G.; Wang, Y. Q.; Misra, A.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Demkowicz, M. J.] MIT, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. RP Han, WZ (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM wzhanmail@gmail.com RI Han, Weizhong/C-9963-2011 FU US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Energy Frontier Research Center (EFRC) [2008LANL 1026] FX This work is sponsored by the US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Energy Frontier Research Center (EFRC) under Award No. 2008LANL 1026. W.Z.H. acknowledges discussion with Dr. H.Q. Li and assistance from Dr. A. Perez-Bergquist with twin-jet polishing. NR 55 TC 80 Z9 80 U1 9 U2 137 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6454 EI 1873-2453 J9 ACTA MATER JI Acta Mater. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 60 IS 18 BP 6341 EP 6351 DI 10.1016/j.actamat.2012.08.009 PG 11 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 031ST UT WOS:000310663300011 ER PT J AU Teng, CY Zhou, N Wang, Y Xu, DS Du, A Wen, YH Yang, R AF Teng, C. Y. Zhou, N. Wang, Y. Xu, D. S. Du, A. Wen, Y. H. Yang, R. TI Phase-field simulation of twin boundary fractions in fully lamellar TiAl alloys SO ACTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article DE Nucleation of phase transformations; Elastic behavior; Titanium aluminides; Precipitation; Phase-field models ID RESOLUTION ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY; GAMMA-TITANIUM ALUMINIDES; COMPUTER-SIMULATION; MICROSTRUCTURAL DEVELOPMENT; GAMMA-ALPHA(2) INTERFACES; INTERMETALLIC ALLOYS; DEFORMATION TWINS; SLIP TRANSFER; AL ALLOYS; NUCLEATION AB The phenomenon of high twin boundary fractions found experimentally for neighboring gamma lamellae in fully lamellar TiAl alloys was investigated by phase-field simulations. The nucleation and growth processes during alpha(2)' -> alpha(2) + gamma transformation that leads to the lamellar structure were simulated. In particular, the effects of coherency stress and the interfacial energy difference among different types of interfaces and undercooling on the nucleation mechanism were analyzed. It is found that the twin boundary fraction increases with increasing coherency elastic strain energy and increasing interfacial energy difference among different types of interfaces, and with decreasing undercooling. Depending on the relative contributions of these factors, the nucleation events simulated by the Langevin noises could be collective, correlated or independent. These findings could shed light on the control of twin boundary fraction within lamellar structures by adjusting alloy composition and cooling route. (C) 2012 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Teng, C. Y.; Zhou, N.; Wang, Y.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Teng, C. Y.; Du, A.] Northeastern Univ, Coll Sci, Shenyang 110004, Peoples R China. [Teng, C. Y.; Xu, D. S.; Yang, R.] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Met Res, Shenyang 110016, Peoples R China. [Wen, Y. H.] Natl Energy Technol Lab, Albany, OR 97321 USA. RP Wang, Y (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, 2041 Coll Rd, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. EM wang.363@osu.edu; dsxu@imr.ac.cn RI Wang, Yunzhi/B-2557-2010; Xu, Dongsheng/F-6399-2012 FU Ministry of Science and Technology of China [2011CB606404]; National Science Foundation of China [51171195, 50911130367]; US Office of Naval Research [N00014-05-1-0540]; National Science Foundation [CMMI-0728069, DMR1008349]; China Scholarships Council [2008608034]; Shenyang Supercomputing Center of CAS FX The financial support of the Ministry of Science and Technology of China under Grant No. 2011CB606404, the National Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos. 51171195 and 50911130367 (D.S.X. and R.Y.), the US Office of Naval Research (D-3D program, Grant No. N00014-05-1-0540), the National Science Foundation (Grant No. CMMI-0728069 and DMR1008349) (N.Z and Y.W) and China Scholarships Council (No.2008608034) (C.Y.T) and Shenyang Supercomputing Center of CAS are gratefully acknowledged. NR 65 TC 8 Z9 10 U1 12 U2 80 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6454 EI 1873-2453 J9 ACTA MATER JI Acta Mater. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 60 IS 18 BP 6372 EP 6381 DI 10.1016/j.actamat.2012.08.016 PG 10 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 031ST UT WOS:000310663300014 ER PT J AU Zhang, YF Millett, PC Tonks, M Biner, SB AF Zhang, Yongfeng Millett, Paul C. Tonks, Michael Biner, S. B. TI Deformation twins in nanocrystalline body-centered cubic Mo as predicted by molecular dynamics simulations SO ACTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article DE Grain boundary; Deformation twins; Intergranular fracture; Slip transfer ID TRANSITION-METALS; INTERGRANULAR FRACTURE; ATOMISTIC SIMULATIONS; GRAIN-BOUNDARIES; NANOSCALE; STRENGTH; ALUMINUM; COPPER AB This work studies deformation twins in nanocrystalline body-centered cubic Mo, including the nucleation and growth mechanisms as well as their effects on ductility, through molecular dynamics simulations. The deformation processes of nanocrystalline Mo are simulated using a columnar grain model with three different orientations. The deformation mechanisms identified, including dislocation slip, grain-boundary-mediated plasticity, deformation twins and martensitic transformation, are in agreement with previous studies. In < 1 1 0 > columnar grains, the deformation is dominated by twinning, which nucleates primarily from the grain boundaries by successive emission of twinning partials and thickens by jog nucleation in the grain interiors. Upon arrest by a grain boundary, the twin may either produce continuous plastic strain across the grain boundary by activating compatible twinning/slip systems or result in intergranular failure in the absence of compatible twinning/slip systems in the neighboring grain. Multiple twinning systems can be activated in the same grain, and the competition between them favors those capable of producing continuous deformation across the grain boundary. (C) 2012 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Zhang, Yongfeng; Millett, Paul C.; Tonks, Michael; Biner, S. B.] INL, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. RP Zhang, YF (reprint author), INL, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. EM yongfeng.zhang@inl.gov FU INL-LDRD project [INL-LDRD 10-008-CP.01.01.GL.08.11]; Battelle Energy Alliance, LLC [DE-AC07-05ID14517]; U.S. Department of Energy FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the support of an INL-LDRD project on "Irradiation-induced evolution of defect and microstructure in nanocrystalline bcc Mo" (INL-LDRD 10-008-CP.01.01.GL.08.11). This manuscript was authored by Battelle Energy Alliance, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC07-05ID14517 with the U.S. Department of Energy. The United States Government retains,and the publisher, by accepting the article for publication, acknowledges that the United States Government retains, a nonexclusive, paid-up, irrevocable, worldwide license to publish or reproduce the published form of this manuscript, or allow others to do so, for United States Government purposes. NR 40 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 39 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6454 J9 ACTA MATER JI Acta Mater. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 60 IS 18 BP 6421 EP 6428 DI 10.1016/j.actamat.2012.08.029 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 031ST UT WOS:000310663300019 ER PT J AU Smith, JL Fischetti, RF Yamamoto, M AF Smith, Janet L. Fischetti, Robert F. Yamamoto, Masaki TI Micro-crystallography comes of age SO CURRENT OPINION IN STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PROTEIN-COUPLED RECEPTOR; X-RAY-BEAM; SERIAL FEMTOSECOND CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; CRYSTALLIZING MEMBRANE-PROTEINS; ADVANCED PHOTON SOURCE; FREE-ELECTRON LASER; MACROMOLECULAR CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; RADIATION-DAMAGE; MINI-BEAM; LIPIDIC MESOPHASES AB The latest revolution in macromolecular crystallography was incited by the development of dedicated, user friendly, micro-crystallography beam lines. Brilliant X-ray beams of diameter 20 mu m or less, now available at most synchrotron sources, enable structure determination from samples that previously were inaccessible. Relative to traditional crystallography, crystals with one or more small dimensions have diffraction patterns with vastly improved signal-to-noise when recorded with an appropriately matched beam size. Structures can be solved from isolated, well diffracting regions within inhomogeneous samples. This review summarizes the technological requirements and approaches to producing micro-beams and how they continue to change the practice of crystallography. C1 [Smith, Janet L.] Univ Michigan, Inst Life Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Smith, Janet L.] Univ Michigan, Dept Biol Chem, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Fischetti, Robert F.] Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Yamamoto, Masaki] RIKEN, SPring Ctr 8, Sayo, Hyogo 6795148, Japan. RP Smith, JL (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Inst Life Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. EM JanetSmith@umich.edu RI Yamamoto, Masaki/B-7844-2015 OI Yamamoto, Masaki/0000-0002-1311-1768 FU US National Institutes of Health [Y1-CO-1020, Y1-GM-1104]; MEXT, Japan FX This work was supported by the US National Institutes of Health (Y1-CO-1020 and Y1-GM-1104 to RFF and JLS) and by the Targeted Proteins Research Program from MEXT, Japan (to MY). The authors thank Ruben Reininger (APS) for helpful discussions. NR 75 TC 55 Z9 55 U1 2 U2 46 PU CURRENT BIOLOGY LTD PI LONDON PA 84 THEOBALDS RD, LONDON WC1X 8RR, ENGLAND SN 0959-440X J9 CURR OPIN STRUC BIOL JI Curr. Opin. Struct. Biol. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 22 IS 5 BP 602 EP 612 DI 10.1016/j.sbi.2012.09.001 PG 11 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology GA 033BA UT WOS:000310766200011 PM 23021872 ER PT J AU Lander, GC Saibil, HR Nogales, E AF Lander, Gabriel C. Saibil, Helen R. Nogales, Eva TI Go hybrid: EM, crystallography, and beyond SO CURRENT OPINION IN STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID RESOLUTION PROTEIN STRUCTURES; CRYO-EM; 26S PROTEASOME; ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY; CRYOELECTRON MICROSCOPY; SUBNANOMETER RESOLUTION; MOLECULAR ARCHITECTURE; CONFORMATIONAL-CHANGES; STRUCTURE REFINEMENT; REGULATORY PARTICLE AB A mechanstic understanding of the molecular transactions that govern cellular function requires knowledge of the dynamic organization of the macromolecular machines involved in these processes. Structural biologists employ a variety of biophysical methods to study large macromolecular complexes, but no single technique is likely to provide a complete description of the structure-function relationship of all the constituent components. Since structural studies generally only provide snapshots of these dynamic machines as they accomplish their molecular functions, combining data from many methodologies is crucial to our understanding of molecular function. C1 [Lander, Gabriel C.; Nogales, Eva] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Saibil, Helen R.] Univ London Birkbeck Coll, Inst Struct & Mol Biol, London WC1E 7HX, England. [Nogales, Eva] Univ Calif Berkeley, Howard Hughes Med Inst, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Nogales, E (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM enogales@lbl.gov OI Lander, Gabriel C./0000-0003-4921-1135 FU Damon Runyon Cancer Research Foundation; NIGMS [R01 GM63072]; Human Frontiers in Science program; Wellcome Trust FX G.C.L. acknowledges support from the Damon Runyon Cancer Research Foundation. Work was funded by NIGMS R01 GM63072 (E.N.) and the Human Frontiers in Science program (EN.). H.R.S. acknowledges support from the Wellcome Trust. E.N. is a Howard Hughes Medical Institute investigator. NR 63 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 3 U2 26 PU CURRENT BIOLOGY LTD PI LONDON PA 84 THEOBALDS RD, LONDON WC1X 8RR, ENGLAND SN 0959-440X J9 CURR OPIN STRUC BIOL JI Curr. Opin. Struct. Biol. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 22 IS 5 BP 627 EP 635 DI 10.1016/j.sbi.2012.07.006 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology GA 033BA UT WOS:000310766200013 PM 22835744 ER PT J AU Tumuluru, JS Boardman, RD Wright, CT Hess, JR AF Tumuluru, Jaya Shankar Boardman, Richard D. Wright, Christopher T. Hess, J. Richard TI Some Chemical Compositional Changes in Miscanthus and White Oak Sawdust Samples during Torrefaction SO ENERGIES LA English DT Article DE miscanthus; white oak sawdust; torrefaction; temperature; time; chemical composition ID COMBUSTION PROPERTIES; BIOMASS; PYROLYSIS; STRAW; PRETREATMENT; EXTRUSION; WOOD AB Torrefaction tests on miscanthus and white oak sawdust were conducted in a bubbling sand bed reactor to see the effect of temperature and residence time on the chemical composition. Process conditions for miscanthus and white oak sawdust were 250-350 degrees C for 30-120 min and 220-270 degrees C for 30 min, respectively. Torrefaction of miscanthus at 250 degrees C and a residence time of 30 min resulted in a significant decrease in moisture-about 82.68%-but the other components-hydrogen, nitrogen, sulfur, and volatiles-changed only marginally. Increasing torrefaction temperatures to 350 degrees C with a residence time of 120 min further reduced the moisture content to 0.54%, with a significant decrease in the hydrogen, nitrogen, and volatiles by 58.29%, 14.28%, and 70.45%, respectively. Regression equations developed for the moisture, hydrogen, nitrogen, and volatile content of the samples with respect to torrefaction temperature and time have adequately described the changes in chemical composition based on R-2 values of > 0.82. Surface plots based on the regression equation indicate that torrefaction temperatures of 280-350 degrees C with residence times of 30-120 min can help reduce moisture, nitrogen, and volatile content from 1.13% to 0.6%, 0.27% to 0.23%, and 79% to 23%, with respect to initial values. Trends of chemical compositional changes in white oak sawdust are similar to miscanthus. Torrefaction temperatures of 270 degrees C and a 30 min residence time reduced the moisture, volatiles, hydrogen, and nitrogen content by about 79%, 17.88%, 20%, and 5.88%, respectively, whereas the carbon content increased by about 3.5%. C1 [Tumuluru, Jaya Shankar; Boardman, Richard D.; Wright, Christopher T.; Hess, J. Richard] Idaho Natl Lab, Energy Syst & Technol Directorate, Biofuels & Renewable Energies Dept, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. RP Tumuluru, JS (reprint author), Idaho Natl Lab, Energy Syst & Technol Directorate, Biofuels & Renewable Energies Dept, POB 1625, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. EM JayaShankar.Tumuluru@inl.gov; Richard.Boardman@inl.gov; Christopher.Wright@inl.gov; JRichard.Hess@inl.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy under DOE Idaho Operations Office [DE-AC07-05ID14517]; U.S. Government FX The authors acknowledge Leslie Park Ovard for her valuable contribution to the manuscript and Gordon Holt, Allen Haroldsen, and Lisa Plaster from INL's R&D Publications Support Team for their editorial and graphics creation assistance. This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy under DOE Idaho Operations Office Contract DE-AC07-05ID14517. Accordingly, the U.S. Government retains and the publisher, by accepting the article for publication, acknowledges that the U.S. Government retains a nonexclusive, paid-up, irrevocable, worldwide license to publish or reproduce the published form of this manuscript, or allow others to do so, for U.S. Government purposes. NR 47 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 5 U2 30 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1996-1073 J9 ENERGIES JI Energies PD OCT PY 2012 VL 5 IS 10 BP 3928 EP 3947 DI 10.3390/en5103928 PG 20 WC Energy & Fuels SC Energy & Fuels GA 030HY UT WOS:000310563000013 ER PT J AU Zhu, JX Nakano, J Kaneko, TK Mu, HY Bennett, JP Kwong, KS Rozelle, P Sridhar, S AF Zhu, Jingxi Nakano, Jinichiro Kaneko, Tetsuya Kenneth Mu, Haoyuan Bennett, James P. Kwong, Kyei-Sing Rozelle, Peter Sridhar, Seetharaman TI Viscosity Determination of Molten Ash from Low-Grade US Coals SO HIGH TEMPERATURE MATERIALS AND PROCESSES LA English DT Article DE coal gasifier; slag; viscosity; plastic viscosity; crystallization ID IN-SITU OBSERVATIONS; SLAGS AB In entrained slagging gasifiers, the fluidity of the molten ash is a critical factor for process control since it affects slag formation, the capture of inorganic constituents, refractory wear, and slag drainage along the gasification chamber walls. The use of western coal, or mixtures of eastern and western coals as gasifier feedstock, is likely to occur as western coals become available and technological issues that hinder their use are being resolved. In the present work, the viscosity of synthetic slags with ash chemistries simulating the western U. S. coals, was experimentally measured at a Po-2 = 10(-8) atm in the temperature range of 1773-1573 K (1500-1300 degrees C) using a rotating-bob viscometer. Alumina spindles and containment crucibles of both alumina and zirconia were used. Crystallization studies of this slag using a confocal scanning laser microscope found that a (Mg, Fe)Al2O4-based spinel precipitated at temperatures below 1723 K (1450 degrees C), and this agreed with FactSage equilibrium phase prediction. The same spinels were observed in the post-viscometry experiment slags when ZrO2 crucibles were used and assumed to be in equilibrium with the slag at the higher temperatures. Zirconia dissolution resulted in a slight increase in the solid fraction present in slags at lower temperatures, compared to spinel fraction. Crystal precipitation changed the apparent activation energy and required a longer stabilization times for viscosity measurements. The viscosity results were used in predictive equations based on Veytsman and Einstein's models, with critical nucleation temperatures and the solid fraction calculated with FactSage. In the simulated eastern/western coal feedstock blends based on ash compositions, the fractions of the solid precipitates were also calculated using the thermodynamic program FactSage for each blend composition, and the plastic viscosity of each eastern/western coal slag blend was predicted using Veytsman's model and compared to available experimental data. C1 [Zhu, Jingxi; Kaneko, Tetsuya Kenneth; Sridhar, Seetharaman] US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. [Zhu, Jingxi; Kaneko, Tetsuya Kenneth; Mu, Haoyuan; Sridhar, Seetharaman] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. [Nakano, Jinichiro; Bennett, James P.; Kwong, Kyei-Sing] US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Albany, OR 97321 USA. [Nakano, Jinichiro] URS Corp, Albany, OR 97321 USA. [Rozelle, Peter] US DOE, Off Clean Energy Syst, Washington, DC 20585 USA. RP Zhu, JX (reprint author), US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, 626 Cochrans Mill Rd, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. EM jingxiz@andrew.cmu.edu OI Zhu, Jingxi/0000-0002-0019-0647 FU National Energy Technology Laboratory's ongoing research in development of coal gasification under the RES contract [DE-FE0004000] FX This technical effort was performed in support of the National Energy Technology Laboratory's ongoing research in development of coal gasification under the RES contract DE-FE0004000. NR 17 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 19 PU WALTER DE GRUYTER GMBH PI BERLIN PA GENTHINER STRASSE 13, D-10785 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0334-6455 EI 2191-0324 J9 HIGH TEMP MAT PR-ISR JI High Temp. Mater. Process. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 31 IS 4-5 BP 569 EP 580 DI 10.1515/htmp-2012-0094 PG 12 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 030RP UT WOS:000310588100031 ER PT J AU Rod, KA Wellman, DM Flury, M Pierce, EM Harsh, JB AF Rod, Kenton A. Wellman, Dawn M. Flury, Markus Pierce, Eric M. Harsh, James B. TI Diffusive release of uranium from contaminated sediments into capillary fringe pore water SO JOURNAL OF CONTAMINANT HYDROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Uranium; Solution-to-solid; Hanford; Capillary fringe; Diffusion rate limit ID HANFORD-SITE; VADOSE ZONE; COMPLEX-FORMATION; SOIL SOLUTION; ADSORPTION; U(VI); URANYL; MODEL; CARBONATE; KINETICS AB Despite remediation efforts at the former nuclear weapons facility, leaching of uranium (U) from contaminated sediments to the ground water persists at the Hanford site 300 Area. Flooding of contaminated capillary fringe sediments due to seasonal changes in the Columbia River stage has been identified as a source for U supply to ground water. We investigated U release from Hanford capillary fringe sediments by packing sediments into reservoirs of centrifugal filter devices and saturating them with Columbia River water for 3 to 84 days at varying solution-to-solid ratios. After specified times, samples were centrifuged. Within the first three days, there was an initial rapid release of 6-9% of total U, independent of the solution-to-solid ratio. After 14 days of reaction, however, the experiments with the narrowest solution-to-solid ratios showed a decline in dissolved U concentrations. The removal of U from the solution phase was accompanied by removal of Ca and HCO3-. Geochemical modeling indicated that calcite could precipitate in the narrowest solution-to-solid ratio experiment. After the rapid initial release in the first three days for the wide solution-to-solid ratio experiments, there was sustained release of U into the pore water. This sustained release of U from the sediments had diffusion-limited kinetics. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Rod, Kenton A.; Wellman, Dawn M.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Earth Syst Sci Div, Richland, WA 99354 USA. [Rod, Kenton A.; Harsh, James B.] Washington State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Flury, Markus] Washington State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Puyallup, WA 98371 USA. [Pierce, Eric M.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Rod, KA (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Earth Syst Sci Div, POB 999, Richland, WA 99354 USA. EM kenton.rod@gmail.com RI Flury, Markus/H-2983-2012; Pierce, Eric/G-1615-2011; Harsh, James/C-7455-2014 OI Flury, Markus/0000-0002-3344-3962; Pierce, Eric/0000-0002-4951-1931; Harsh, James/0000-0002-0177-3342 FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Environmental Management; EM-30 Technology Innovation and Development Office; Richland Operations Office; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC05-76RL01830]; Department of Energy's Office of Biological and Environmental Research FX Funding for this project was provided by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Environmental Management, EM-30 Technology Innovation and Development Office and Richland Operations Office. This work was conducted at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, operated by Battelle Memorial Institute for the U.S. Department of Energy under contract DE-AC05-76RL01830. A portion of the research was performed using EMSL, a national scientific user facility sponsored by the Department of Energy's Office of Biological and Environmental Research and located at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory. NR 46 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 30 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-7722 J9 J CONTAM HYDROL JI J. Contam. Hydrol. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 140 BP 164 EP 172 DI 10.1016/j.jconhyd.2012.09.002 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology; Water Resources GA 033BX UT WOS:000310768800015 PM 23041367 ER PT J AU Zettl, A AF Zettl, Alex TI Photovoltaics from any semiconductor? Yes SO LASER FOCUS WORLD LA English DT News Item C1 [Zettl, Alex] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Figure Courtesy Zettl Res Grp, Berkeley, CA USA. [Zettl, Alex] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Zettl, A (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Figure Courtesy Zettl Res Grp, Berkeley, CA USA. EM azettl@physics.berkeley.edu RI Zettl, Alex/O-4925-2016 OI Zettl, Alex/0000-0001-6330-136X NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU PENNWELL PUBL CO PI NASHUA PA 98 SPIT BROOK RD, NASHUA, NH 03062-2801 USA SN 1043-8092 J9 LASER FOCUS WORLD JI Laser Focus World PD OCT PY 2012 VL 48 IS 10 BP 9 EP 9 PG 1 WC Optics SC Optics GA 031SG UT WOS:000310662000003 ER PT J AU Barton, B Jiang, B Song, C Specht, P Calderon, H Kisielowski, C AF Barton, Bastian Jiang, Bin Song, ChengYu Specht, Petra Calderon, Hector Kisielowski, Christian TI Atomic Resolution Phase Contrast Imaging and In-Line Holography Using Variable Voltage and Dose Rate SO MICROSCOPY AND MICROANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE in-line electron holography; aberration-corrected TEM; high-resolution TEM; low voltage TEM; low dose TEM; monochromator; exit wave reconstruction; focal series; lattice phonons ID TRANSMISSION ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY; RADIATION-DAMAGE; ABERRATION; SILICON; TEM AB The TEAM 0.5 electron microscope is employed to demonstrate atomic resolution phase contrast imaging and focal series reconstruction with acceleration voltages between 20 and 300 kV and a variable dose rate. A monochromator with an energy spread of <= 0.1 eV is used for dose variation by a factor of 1,000 and to provide a beam-limiting aperture. The sub-Angstrom performance of the instrument remains uncompromised. Using samples obtained from silicon wafers by chemical etching, the [200] atom dumbbell distance of 1.36 angstrom can be resolved in single images and reconstructed exit wave functions at 300, 80, and 50 kV. At 20 kV, atomic resolution < 2 angstrom is readily available but limited by residual lens aberrations at large scattering angles. Exit wave functions reconstructed from images recorded under low dose rate conditions show sharper atom peaks as compared to high dose rate. The observed dose rate dependence of the signal is explained by a reduction of beam-induced atom displacements. If a combined sample and instrument instability is considered, the experimental image contrast can be matched quantitatively to simulations. The described development allows for atomic resolution transmission electron microscopy of interfaces between soft and hard materials over a wide range of voltages and electron doses. C1 [Song, ChengYu; Kisielowski, Christian] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Natl Ctr Electron Microscopy, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Barton, Bastian] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Jiang, Bin] FEI Co, Hillsboro, OR 97124 USA. [Specht, Petra] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Calderon, Hector] IPN, Escuela Super Fis & Matemat, Mexico City 07738, DF, Mexico. [Kisielowski, Christian] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Joint Ctr Artificial Photosynth, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Kisielowski, C (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Natl Ctr Electron Microscopy, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM cfkisielowski@lbl.gov RI Barton, Bastian/H-9268-2016 FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Scientific User Facilities Division, of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; IPN (SIP, COFAA); CONACYPT [129207] FX B. Barton thanks H. Muller and C. Ophus for private communications and for help with imaging simulations. Roar Kilaas provided support for the EWR software. Christopher Skelton and Abhay Gautam helped with sample preparation. The investigation of Si samples is part of the Soft Matter program, which is supported by the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. The low voltage tuning of the TEAM 0.5 microscope at the National Center for Electron Microscopy is supported by the Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Scientific User Facilities Division, of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. During this work, H.A.C. was hosted by the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Materials Science Division, in the context of the HELIOS/SERC program. H.A.C. acknowledges IPN (SIP, COFAA) and CONACYPT (grant 129207) for financial support. NR 39 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 28 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 1431-9276 J9 MICROSC MICROANAL JI Microsc. microanal. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 18 IS 5 BP 982 EP 994 DI 10.1017/S1431927612001213 PG 13 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Microscopy SC Materials Science; Microscopy GA 027AE UT WOS:000310323400006 PM 23083920 ER PT J AU Li, N Wang, J Misra, A Huang, JY AF Li, Nan Wang, Jian Misra, Amit Huang, Jian Yu TI Direct Observations of Confined Layer Slip in Cu/Nb Multilayers SO MICROSCOPY AND MICROANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE confined layer slip; in situ indentation; Cu-Nb interfaces ID SITU TEM OBSERVATIONS; HALL-PETCH RELATION; CU-NI MULTILAYER; DEFORMATION MECHANISMS; ATOMISTIC SIMULATIONS; METALLIC MULTILAYERS; THIN-FILMS; DISLOCATION MECHANISMS; ROOM-TEMPERATURE; SINGLE-CRYSTAL AB In situ nanoindentation of a 30 nm Cu/20 nm Nb multilayer film in a transmission electron microscope revealed confined layer slip as the dominant deformation mechanism. Dislocations were observed to nucleate from the Cu-Nb interfaces in both layers. Dislocation glide was confined by interfaces to occur within each layer, without transmission across interfaces. Cu and Nb layers co-deformed to large plastic strains without cracking. These microscopy observations provide insights in the unit mechanisms of deformation, work hardening, and recovery in nanoscale metallic multilayers. C1 [Li, Nan; Misra, Amit] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Integrated Nanotechnol, Mat Phys & Applicat Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Wang, Jian] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Huang, Jian Yu] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Li, N (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Integrated Nanotechnol, Mat Phys & Applicat Div, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM nanli@lanl.gov RI Wang, Jian/F-2669-2012; Li, Nan /F-8459-2010 OI Wang, Jian/0000-0001-5130-300X; Li, Nan /0000-0002-8248-9027 FU U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Science, Basic Energy Sciences (BES), Division of Materials Science and Engineering; LANL Directed Research and Development project [ER20110573]; DOE's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000]; DOE-BES FX N.L., J.W., and A. M. at Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) are supported by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Science, Basic Energy Sciences (BES), Division of Materials Science and Engineering. J.W. also acknowledges the support provided by LANL Directed Research and Development project ER20110573. In situ TEM experiments (with J.Y.H. at Sandia National Laboratories) were performed at the Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, a DOE-BES supported national user facility. J.K. Baldwin is acknowledged for his technical assistance with e-beam deposition of Cu/Nb multilayer films. Sandia National Laboratories is a multiprogram laboratory managed and operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of the Lockheed Martin Corporation, for DOE's National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. NR 54 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 7 U2 85 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 1431-9276 J9 MICROSC MICROANAL JI Microsc. microanal. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 18 IS 5 BP 1155 EP 1162 DI 10.1017/S143192761200133X PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Microscopy SC Materials Science; Microscopy GA 027AE UT WOS:000310323400027 PM 23072907 ER PT J AU Rice, JS Moss, RH Runci, PJ Anderson, KL Malone, EL AF Rice, J. S. Moss, R. H. Runci, P. J. Anderson, K. L. Malone, E. L. TI Incorporating stakeholder decision support needs into an integrated regional Earth system model SO MITIGATION AND ADAPTATION STRATEGIES FOR GLOBAL CHANGE LA English DT Article DE Adaptation alternatives; Regional climate change; Decision support; Framework capability; Mitigation alternatives; Stakeholders; Modeling framework; PNNL ID CLIMATE-CHANGE; UNITED-STATES; IMPACTS AB A new modeling effort exploring the opportunities, constraints, and interactions between mitigation and adaptation at regional scale is utilizing stakeholder engagement in an innovative approach to guide model development and demonstration, including uncertainty characterization, to effectively inform regional decision making. This project, the integrated Regional Earth System Model (iRESM), employs structured stakeholder interactions and literature reviews to identify the most relevant adaptation and mitigation alternatives and decision criteria for each regional application of the framework. The information is used to identify important model capabilities and to provide a focus for numerical experiments. This paper presents the stakeholder research results from the first iRESM pilot region. The pilot region includes the Great Lakes Basin in the Midwest portion of the United States as well as other contiguous states. This geographic area (14 states in total) permits cohesive modeling of hydrologic systems while also providing strong gradients in climate, demography, land cover/land use, and energy supply and demand. The results from the stakeholder research indicate that, for this region, iRESM should prioritize addressing adaptation alternatives in the water resources, urban infrastructure, and agriculture sectors, including water conservation, expanded water quality monitoring, altered reservoir releases, lowered water intakes, urban infrastructure upgrades, increased electric power reserves in urban areas, and land use management/crop selection changes. For mitigation in this region, the stakeholder research implies that iRESM should focus on policies affecting the penetration of renewable energy technologies, and the costs and effectiveness of energy efficiency, bioenergy production, wind energy, and carbon capture and sequestration. C1 [Rice, J. S.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Moss, R. H.; Runci, P. J.; Malone, E. L.] Univ Maryland, Joint Global Change Res Inst, Pacific NW Natl Lab, College Pk, MD 20740 USA. [Anderson, K. L.] World Wildlife Fund, Washington, DC 20037 USA. RP Rice, JS (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, POB 999,,MSIN K9-34,902 Battelle Blvd, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM jennie.rice@pnnl.gov NR 23 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 32 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1381-2386 J9 MITIG ADAPT STRAT GL JI Mitig. Adapt. Strateg. Glob. Chang. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 17 IS 7 BP 805 EP 819 DI 10.1007/s11027-011-9345-3 PG 15 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 985LP UT WOS:000307268200005 ER PT J AU Chen, D Arkin, AP AF Chen, David Arkin, Adam P. TI Sequestration-based bistability enables tuning of the switching boundaries and design of a latch SO MOLECULAR SYSTEMS BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE bistability; genetic circuits; nonlinear dynamics; sequestration; synthetic biology ID ANTI-SIGMA FACTOR; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; POSITIVE FEEDBACK; GENE-EXPRESSION; TOGGLE SWITCH; IN-VITRO; NETWORKS; ULTRASENSITIVITY; CONSTRUCTION; CIRCUIT AB Natural biological systems have evolved a diverse array of switches to realize their strategies for environmental response and development. Emerging applications of synthetic biology have begun to exploit such switches to achieve increasingly sophisticated designed behaviors. However, not all switch architectures allow facile design of the switching and memory properties. Furthermore, not all designs are built from components for which large families of variants exist, a requirement for building many orthogonal switch variants. Therefore, there is a critical need from genetic engineers for scalable strategies that yield custom bistable switches. Here, we use a sigma factor and its cognate anti-sigma factor to experimentally verify that ultrasensitivity from sequestration combined with positive feedback is sufficient to build a bistable switch. We show that sequestration allows us to predictably tune the switching boundaries, and we can easily tune our switch to function as a set-reset latch that can be toggled between two states by a pulse of inducer input. Molecular Systems Biology 8:620; published online 23 October 2012; doi:10.1038/msb.2012.52 Subject Categories: synthetic biology C1 [Chen, David; Arkin, Adam P.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Bioengn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Arkin, Adam P.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Chen, David] UC Berkeley UCSF, Grad Program Bioengn, Berkeley, CA USA. [Arkin, Adam P.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Calif Inst Quantitat Biol Res QB3, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Arkin, AP (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Bioengn, 512C Energy Biosci Bldg,Mailstop Stanley 922, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM aparkin@lbl.gov RI Arkin, Adam/A-6751-2008 OI Arkin, Adam/0000-0002-4999-2931 NR 41 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 1 U2 22 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 1744-4292 J9 MOL SYST BIOL JI Mol. Syst. Biol. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 8 AR 620 DI 10.1038/msb.2012.52 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 034DU UT WOS:000310851100004 PM 23089683 ER PT J AU Bulanov, SV Esirkepov, TZ Kando, M Pegoraro, F Bulanov, SS Geddes, CGR Schroeder, CB Esarey, E Leemans, WP AF Bulanov, S. V. Esirkepov, T. Zh. Kando, M. Pegoraro, F. Bulanov, S. S. Geddes, C. G. R. Schroeder, C. B. Esarey, E. Leemans, W. P. TI Ion acceleration from thin foil and extended plasma targets by slow electromagnetic wave and related ion-ion beam instability SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID RAYLEIGH-TAYLOR INSTABILITY; TERRESTRIAL LASER BEAM; IN-CELL SIMULATION; MAGNETIC-FIELD; EXPERIMENTAL ASTROPHYSICS; NONLINEAR EVOLUTION; FAST IGNITION; PROTON-BEAMS; ELECTRON; GENERATION AB When ions are accelerated by the radiation pressure of a laser pulse, their velocity cannot exceed the pulse group velocity which can be considerably smaller than the speed of light in vacuum. This is demonstrated in two cases corresponding to a thin foil target irradiated by high intensity laser light and to the hole boring produced in an extended plasma by the laser pulse. It is found that the beams of accelerated ions are unstable against Buneman-like and Weibel-like instabilities which results in the broadening of the ion energy spectrum. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4757981] C1 [Bulanov, S. V.; Esirkepov, T. Zh.; Kando, M.] Japan Atom Energy Agcy, QuBS, Kizugawa, Kyoto 6190215, Japan. [Bulanov, S. V.] AM Prokhorov Inst Gen Phys RAS, Moscow 119991, Russia. [Pegoraro, F.] Univ Pisa, Dept Phys, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. [Geddes, C. G. R.; Schroeder, C. B.; Esarey, E.; Leemans, W. P.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Bulanov, SV (reprint author), Japan Atom Energy Agcy, QuBS, Kizugawa, Kyoto 6190215, Japan. RI Bulanov, Sergei/A-1721-2013; OI Schroeder, Carl/0000-0002-9610-0166 FU NSF [PHY-0935197]; US DOE [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; Office of Science of the US DOE [DE-FG02-12ER41798] FX The authors were grateful for fruitful discussions to J. Koga, G. Korn, A. Macchi, T. Nakamura, N. N. Rosanov, and S. G. Rykovanov. We appreciate support from the NSF under Grant No. PHY-0935197 and the US DOE under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231 from the Office of Science of the US DOE under Contract No. DE-FG02-12ER41798. NR 84 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 2 U2 22 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X EI 1089-7674 J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD OCT PY 2012 VL 19 IS 10 AR 103105 DI 10.1063/1.4757981 PG 10 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 030VE UT WOS:000310597400056 ER PT J AU Davis, JS Hsu, SC Golovkin, IE MacFarlane, JJ Cassibry, JT AF Davis, J. S. Hsu, S. C. Golovkin, I. E. MacFarlane, J. J. Cassibry, J. T. TI One-dimensional radiation-hydrodynamic simulations of imploding spherical plasma liners with detailed equation-of-state modeling SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID PARAMETER SPACE; FUSION AB This work extends the one-dimensional radiation-hydrodynamic imploding spherical argon plasma liner simulations of Awe et al. [Phys. Plasmas 18, 072705 (2011)] by using a detailed tabular equation-of-state (EOS) model, whereas Awe et al. used a polytropic EOS model. Results using the tabular EOS model give lower stagnation pressures by a factor of 3.9-8.6 and lower peak ion temperatures compared to the polytropic EOS results. Both local thermodynamic equilibrium (LTE) and non-LTE EOS models were used in this work, giving similar results on stagnation pressure. The lower stagnation pressures using a tabular EOS model are attributed to a reduction in the liner's ability to compress arising from the energy sink introduced by ionization and electron excitation, which are not accounted for in a polytropic EOS model. Variation of the plasma liner species for the same initial liner geometry, mass density, and velocity was also explored using the LTE tabular EOS model, showing that the highest stagnation pressure is achieved with the highest atomic mass species for the constraints imposed. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4757980] C1 [Davis, J. S.; Hsu, S. C.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Phys, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Golovkin, I. E.; MacFarlane, J. J.] Prism Computat Sci Inc, Madison, WI 53711 USA. [Cassibry, J. T.] Univ Alabama, Prop Res Ctr, Huntsville, AL 35899 USA. RP Davis, JS (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. EM scotthsu@lanl.gov OI Hsu, Scott/0000-0002-6737-4934 FU Office of Fusion Energy Sciences of the U.S. Department of Energy FX The authors thank T. J. Awe for access to the RAVEN simulation data. This work was supported by the Office of Fusion Energy Sciences of the U.S. Department of Energy. NR 20 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD OCT PY 2012 VL 19 IS 10 AR 102701 DI 10.1063/1.4757980 PG 8 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 030VE UT WOS:000310597400038 ER PT J AU Friedman, B Carter, TA Umansky, MV Schaffner, D Dudson, B AF Friedman, B. Carter, T. A. Umansky, M. V. Schaffner, D. Dudson, B. TI Energy dynamics in a simulation of LAPD turbulence SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID DRIFT-WAVE TURBULENCE; ELECTRON MODE TURBULENCE; TOKAMAK EDGE TURBULENCE; PLASMA TURBULENCE; INSTABILITY; MECHANISM; GEOMETRY AB Energy dynamics calculations in a 3D fluid simulation of drift wave turbulence in the linear Large Plasma Device [W. Gekelman et al., Rev. Sci. Instrum. 62, 2875 (1991)] illuminate processes that drive and dissipate the turbulence. These calculations reveal that a nonlinear instability dominates the injection of energy into the turbulence by overtaking the linear drift wave instability that dominates when fluctuations about the equilibrium are small. The nonlinear instability drives flutelike (k(parallel to) = 0) density fluctuations using free energy from the background density gradient. Through nonlinear axial wavenumber transfer to k(parallel to) not equal 0 fluctuations, the nonlinear instability accesses the adiabatic response, which provides the requisite energy transfer channel from density to potential fluctuations as well as the phase shift that causes instability. The turbulence characteristics in the simulations agree remarkably well with experiment. When the nonlinear instability is artificially removed from the system through suppressing k(parallel to) = 0 modes, the turbulence develops a coherent frequency spectrum which is inconsistent with experimental data. This indicates the importance of the nonlinear instability in producing experimentally consistent turbulence. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4759010] C1 [Friedman, B.; Carter, T. A.; Schaffner, D.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Phys & Astron, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Umansky, M. V.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Dudson, B.] Univ York, Dept Phys, York YO10 5DD, N Yorkshire, England. RP Friedman, B (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Phys & Astron, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. EM friedman@physics.ucla.edu RI Carter, Troy/E-7090-2010; OI Carter, Troy/0000-0002-5741-0495; Dudson, Benjamin/0000-0002-0094-4867 FU U.S. Department of Energy; Oak Ridge Associated Universities FX This research was performed under appointment to the Fusion Energy Sciences Fellowship Program administered by Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education under a contract between the U.S. Department of Energy and the Oak Ridge Associated Universities. We would also like to thank Prof. Paul Terry and Dr. Ilon Joseph for many useful discussions on this topic. NR 38 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 2 U2 12 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X EI 1089-7674 J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD OCT PY 2012 VL 19 IS 10 AR 102307 DI 10.1063/1.4759010 PG 12 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 030VE UT WOS:000310597400021 ER PT J AU Izutsu, T Hasegawa, H Nakamura, TKM Fujimoto, M AF Izutsu, T. Hasegawa, H. Nakamura, T. K. M. Fujimoto, M. TI Plasma transport induced by kinetic Alfven wave turbulence SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID DISSIPATION RANGE; BOUNDARY-LAYERS; MAGNETOPAUSE; MAGNETOTAIL; DYNAMICS; AURORA; SHEAR; SHEET AB At the Earth's magnetopause that separates the hot-tenuous magnetospheric plasma from the cold dense solar wind plasma, often seen is a boundary layer where plasmas of both origins coexist. Plasma diffusions of various forms have been considered as the cause of this plasma mixing. Here, we investigate the plasma transport induced by wave-particle interaction in kinetic Alfven wave (KAW) turbulence, which is one of the candidate processes. We clarify that the physical origin of the KAW-induced cross-field diffusion is the drift motions of those particles that are in Cerenkov resonance with the wave: E x B-like drift that emerges in the presence of non-zero parallel electric field component and grad-B drift due to compressional magnetic fluctuations. We find that KAW turbulence, which has a spectral breakpoint at which an MHD inertial range transits to a dissipation range, causes selective transport for particles whose parallel velocities are specified by the local Alfven velocity and the parallel phase velocity at the spectral breakpoint. This finding leads us to propose a new data analysis method for identifying whether or not a mixed plasma in the boundary layer is a consequence of KAW-induced transport across the magnetopause. The method refers to the velocity space distribution function data obtained by a spacecraft that performs in situ observations and, in principle, is applicable to currently available dataset such as that provided by the NASA's THEMIS mission. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4759167] C1 [Izutsu, T.] Univ Tokyo, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Bunkyo Ku, Tokyo 1330033, Japan. [Izutsu, T.; Hasegawa, H.; Fujimoto, M.] Japan Aerosp Explorat Agcy, Inst Space & Astronaut Sci, Chuo Ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 2525210, Japan. [Nakamura, T. K. M.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Computat Phys Div X, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Izutsu, T (reprint author), Univ Tokyo, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Bunkyo Ku, 7-3-1 Hongo, Tokyo 1330033, Japan. RI Hasegawa, Hiroshi/A-1192-2007 OI Hasegawa, Hiroshi/0000-0002-1172-021X FU Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) [KAKENHI 21-7898] FX We thank J. R. Johnson for useful discussion on diffusion processes. Work by T. I. was supported by Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research from Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) (KAKENHI 21-7898). NR 38 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 9 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X EI 1089-7674 J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD OCT PY 2012 VL 19 IS 10 AR 102305 DI 10.1063/1.4759167 PG 9 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 030VE UT WOS:000310597400019 ER PT J AU Khalzov, IV Brown, BP Kaplan, EJ Katz, N Paz-Soldan, C Rahbarnia, K Spence, EJ Forest, CB AF Khalzov, I. V. Brown, B. P. Kaplan, E. J. Katz, N. Paz-Soldan, C. Rahbarnia, K. Spence, E. J. Forest, C. B. TI Resistive and ferritic-wall plasma dynamos in a sphere SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID FLOWS; SIMULATION AB We numerically study the effects of varying electric conductivity and magnetic permeability of the bounding wall on a kinematic dynamo in a sphere for parameters relevant to Madison plasma dynamo experiment. The dynamo is excited by a laminar, axisymmetric flow of von Karman type. The flow is obtained as a solution to the Navier-Stokes equation for an isothermal fluid with a velocity profile specified at the sphere's boundary. The properties of the wall are taken into account as thin-wall boundary conditions imposed on the magnetic field. It is found that an increase in the permeability of the wall reduces the critical magnetic Reynolds number Rm(cr). An increase in the conductivity of the wall leaves Rm(cr) unaffected but reduces the dynamo growth rate. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4757219] C1 [Khalzov, I. V.; Brown, B. P.; Kaplan, E. J.; Katz, N.; Paz-Soldan, C.; Rahbarnia, K.; Forest, C. B.] Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Spence, E. J.] Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Khalzov, IV (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA. OI Kaplan, Elliot/0000-0003-1183-8936 NR 26 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD OCT PY 2012 VL 19 IS 10 AR 104501 DI 10.1063/1.4757219 PG 4 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 030VE UT WOS:000310597400078 ER PT J AU Khudik, V Kaganovich, I Shvets, G AF Khudik, Vladimir Kaganovich, Igor Shvets, Gennady TI Halo formation and self-pinching of an electron beam undergoing the Weibel instability SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID RELATIVISTIC COLLISIONLESS SHOCKS; MAGNETIC-FIELDS; ELECTROMAGNETIC INSTABILITIES; FAST-IGNITION; PLASMA; FILAMENTATION; TRANSPORT; SCENARIOS; WAVES AB The collisionless Maxwellization of the energy distribution of an electron beam undergoing Weibel filamentation instability in a dense background plasma is demonstrated. While binary collisions between discrete charged particles are usually responsible for establishing the Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution (MBD) of non-equilibrium plasmas, we demonstrate that the same effect is achieved through collective collisions between multiple beam filaments. The final state of the filaments' merger is a single pinched beam surrounded by a wide halo. An analytic model for the equilibrated beam is developed and used to estimate spatial profiles of the pinched beam and its halo, the temperature, and the magnetic field. Results of analytical theory agree well with those of particle-in-cell simulations. Deviations from the MBD are explained by incomplete Maxwellization of the electrons with high and low transverse energies. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4759263] C1 [Khudik, Vladimir; Shvets, Gennady] Univ Texas Austin, Dept Phys, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Khudik, Vladimir; Shvets, Gennady] Univ Texas Austin, Inst Fus Studies, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Kaganovich, Igor] Princeton Univ, Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Khudik, V (reprint author), Univ Texas Austin, Dept Phys, Austin, TX 78712 USA. FU US DOE [DE-FG02-05ER54840, DE-FG02-04ER41321] FX This work was supported by the US DOE Grant Nos. DE-FG02-05ER54840 and DE-FG02-04ER41321. We thank E. Startsev for fruitful discussions. NR 29 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X EI 1089-7674 J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD OCT PY 2012 VL 19 IS 10 AR 103106 DI 10.1063/1.4759263 PG 5 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 030VE UT WOS:000310597400057 ER PT J AU Liu, J Qin, H AF Liu, Jian Qin, Hong TI Geometric phases of the Faraday rotation of electromagnetic waves in magnetized plasmas SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID BERRY PHASE; TOKAMAK; POLARIZATION; POLARIMETRY; HOLONOMY; FIELDS; STATE AB Geometric phases of circularly polarized electromagnetic waves in nonuniform magnetized plasmas is studied theoretically. The variation of the propagation direction of circularly polarized waves results in a geometric phase, which also contributes to the Faraday rotation, in addition to the standard dynamical phase. The origin and properties of the geometric phase are investigated. The influence of the geometric phase to plasma diagnostics using the Faraday rotation is discussed as an application of the theory. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4755947] C1 [Liu, Jian; Qin, Hong] Univ Sci & Technol China, Dept Modern Phys, Hefei 230026, Anhui, Peoples R China. [Qin, Hong] Princeton Univ, Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Liu, J (reprint author), Univ Sci & Technol China, Dept Modern Phys, Hefei 230026, Anhui, Peoples R China. RI Liu, Jian/E-5857-2010 FU China Scholarship Council [2009601134]; ITER-China Program [2010GB107001]; National Natural Science Foundation of China [NSFC-11075162]; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-09CH11466] FX This research is supported by the China Scholarship Council (2009601134), ITER-China Program (2010GB107001), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC-11075162), and the U.S. Department of Energy (DE-AC02-09CH11466). Jian Liu thanks the Theory Department of Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory for the hospitality during his visit. NR 36 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 5 U2 34 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X EI 1089-7674 J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD OCT PY 2012 VL 19 IS 10 AR 102107 DI 10.1063/1.4755947 PG 6 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 030VE UT WOS:000310597400008 ER PT J AU Liu, ZX Xia, TY Xu, XQ Gao, X Hughes, JW Liu, SC Ding, SY Li, JG AF Liu, Z. X. Xia, T. Y. Xu, X. Q. Gao, X. Hughes, J. W. Liu, S. C. Ding, S. Y. Li, J. G. TI ELMy H-mode linear simulation with 3-field model on experimental advanced superconducting tokamak using BOUT plus SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID EDGE LOCALIZED INSTABILITIES; MHD STABILITY; PLASMAS; TURBULENCE; PEDESTAL AB H-mode plasmas with ELM (edge localized mode) have been realized on experimental advanced superconducting tokamak (EAST) with 2.45 GHz low hybrid wave at P-LHW similar to 1 MW in 2010. Data from EAST experiments including magnetic geometry, measured pressure profiles, and calculated current profiles are used to investigate the physics of ELM utilizing the BOUT++ code. Results from linear simulations show that the ELMs in EAST are dominated by resistive ballooning modes. When the Lundquist number (dimensionless ratio of the resistive diffusion time to the Alfven time) is equal to or less than 10(7), the resistive ballooning modes are found to become unstable in the ELMy H-mode plasma. For a fixed pedestal pressure profile, increasing plasma current generates more activities of low-n ELMs. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4757220] C1 [Liu, Z. X.; Xia, T. Y.; Gao, X.; Liu, S. C.; Ding, S. Y.; Li, J. G.] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Plasma Phys, Hefei 230031, Peoples R China. [Xia, T. Y.; Xu, X. Q.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Hughes, J. W.] MIT, Plasma Sci & Fus Ctr, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. RP Liu, ZX (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Plasma Phys, Hefei 230031, Peoples R China. EM zxliu316@ipp.ac.cn RI Liu, Zixi/K-6515-2012 FU National Magnetic Confinement Fusion Science Program of China [2010GB106000, 2010GB106001]; National Natural Science Foundation of China [11021565]; US Department of Energy [DE-FC02-99ER54512] FX The author gratefully acknowledges discussion and recommendations from Dr. Hong Qin. This work was supported by the National Magnetic Confinement Fusion Science Program of China (Nos. 2010GB106000 and 2010GB106001), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 11021565), and the US Department of Energy Agreement DE-FC02-99ER54512. NR 23 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 3 U2 17 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD OCT PY 2012 VL 19 IS 10 AR 102502 DI 10.1063/1.4757220 PG 4 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 030VE UT WOS:000310597400027 ER PT J AU McDevitt, CJ Gurcan, OD AF McDevitt, C. J. Guercan, Oe. D. TI An electromagnetic theory of turbulence driven poloidal rotation SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID NEOCLASSICAL TRANSPORT; EDGE TURBULENCE; ASPECT RATIO; PLASMA; TOKAMAKS; SUPPRESSION; EQUATIONS; WAVE AB An electromagnetic theory of turbulence driven poloidal rotation is developed with particular emphasis on understanding poloidal rotation in finite-beta plasmas. A relation linking the flux of polarization charge to the divergence of the total turbulent stress is derived for electromagnetic gyrokinetic modes. This relation is subsequently utilized to derive a constraint on the net electromagnetic turbulent stress exerted on the poloidal flow. Various limiting cases of this constraint are considered, where it is found that electromagnetic contributions to the turbulent stress may either enhance or reduce the net turbulent stress depending upon the branch of turbulence excited. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4764078] C1 [Guercan, Oe. D.] Ecole Polytech, Plasma Phys Lab, CNRS, F-91128 Palaiseau, France. RP McDevitt, CJ (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Gurcan, Ozgur/A-1362-2013; OI Gurcan, Ozgur/0000-0002-2278-1544; McDevitt, Christopher/0000-0002-3674-2909 FU French "Agence nationale de la recherche" [ANR JCJC 0403 01]; Departement d'Enseignement-Recherche de Physique, Ecole Polytechnique FX The authors would like to thank P. H. Diamond and T. S. Hahm for fruitful discussions. This work is partly supported by the French "Agence nationale de la recherche", contract ANR JCJC 0403 01. One of the authors (CJM) was partly sponsored by the "Departement d'Enseignement-Recherche de Physique, Ecole Polytechnique." NR 45 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X EI 1089-7674 J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD OCT PY 2012 VL 19 IS 10 AR 102311 DI 10.1063/1.4764078 PG 14 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 030VE UT WOS:000310597400025 ER PT J AU Sawada, H Higginson, DP Link, A Ma, T Wilks, SC McLean, HS Perez, F Patel, PK Beg, FN AF Sawada, H. Higginson, D. P. Link, A. Ma, T. Wilks, S. C. McLean, H. S. Perez, F. Patel, P. K. Beg, F. N. TI Characterizing the energy distribution of laser-generated relativistic electrons in cone-wire targets SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID PLASMA INTERACTIONS; DENSITY PLASMA; IGNITION; PULSE; CONDUCTIVITY; IONIZATION; ABSORPTION AB Transport of relativistic electrons in a solid Cu wire target has been modeled with the implicit hybrid particle-in-cell code LSP to investigate the electron energy distribution and energy coupling from the high-intensity, short-pulse laser to electrons entering to the wire. Experiments were performed on the TITAN laser using a 1.5 mm long Cu wire attached to a Au cone tip at the laser intensity of 1 x 10(20) W/cm(2) which was irradiated into the cone. The simulated Cu K alpha wire profile and yields matched the measurements using a two-temperature energy distribution. These modeling results show that the cold component of the energy spectrum can be determined with +/- 100 keV accuracy from the fit to the initial experimental fall-off of the K alpha emission while the simulated profiles were relatively insensitive to the hotter component of the electron distribution (>4MeV). The slope of measured escaped electrons was used to determine the hotter temperature. Using exponential energy distributions, the laser-to-electron-in-wire coupling efficiencies inferred from the fits decreased from 3.4% to 1.5% as the prepulse energy increases up to 1 J. The comparison of the energy couplings using the exponential and Relativistic Maxwellian distribution functions showed that the energy inferred in the cold component is independent of the type of the distribution function. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4759163] C1 [Sawada, H.; Higginson, D. P.; Ma, T.; Beg, F. N.] Univ Calif San Diego, Energy Res Ctr, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Higginson, D. P.; Link, A.; Ma, T.; Wilks, S. C.; McLean, H. S.; Perez, F.; Patel, P. K.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Sawada, H (reprint author), Univ Nevada, Dept Phys, Reno, NV 89557 USA. EM hsawada@unr.edu RI Patel, Pravesh/E-1400-2011; Ma, Tammy/F-3133-2013; Higginson, Drew/G-5942-2016; Sawada, Hiroshi/Q-8434-2016 OI Ma, Tammy/0000-0002-6657-9604; Higginson, Drew/0000-0002-7699-3788; Sawada, Hiroshi/0000-0002-7972-9894 FU U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344]; Fusion Science Center [DE-FC02-04ER54789] FX This work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344 and by Fusion Science Center under Contract DE-FC02-04ER54789. H. Sawada and T. Ma would additionally like to acknowledge the assistance of D. Hey, C. Murphy, B. Westover, T. Yabuuchi, K. U. Akli, R. R. Freeman, G. E. Kemp, A. G. Krygier, L. D. Van Woerkom, R. Fedosejevs, H. Friesen, Y. Y. Tsui, S. D. Baton, M. Koenig, D. Turnbull, D. Price, and R. Combs in preparing the manuscript and implementing the experiment. NR 37 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 15 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD OCT PY 2012 VL 19 IS 10 AR 103108 DI 10.1063/1.4759163 PG 11 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 030VE UT WOS:000310597400059 ER PT J AU Starrett, CE Clerouin, J Recoules, V Kress, JD Collins, LA Hanson, DE AF Starrett, C. E. Clerouin, J. Recoules, V. Kress, J. D. Collins, L. A. Hanson, D. E. TI Average atom transport properties for pure and mixed species in the hot and warm dense matter regimes SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID TOTAL-ENERGY CALCULATIONS; AUGMENTED-WAVE METHOD; ELECTRICAL-RESISTIVITY; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; BASIS-SET; PLASMAS; METALS; MODEL; IONIZATION; CONDUCTION AB The Kubo-Greenwood formulation for calculation of optical conductivities with an average atom model is extended to calculate thermal conductivities. The method is applied to species and conditions of interest for inertial confinement fusion. For the mixed species studied, the partial pressure mixing rule is used. Results including pressures, dc, and thermal conductivities are compared to ab initio calculations. Agreement for pressures is good, for both the pure and mixed species. For conductivities, it is found that the ad hoc renormalization method with line broadening, described in the text, gives best agreement with the ab initio results. However, some disagreement is found and the possible reasons for this are discussed. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4764937] C1 [Starrett, C. E.; Kress, J. D.; Collins, L. A.; Hanson, D. E.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Clerouin, J.; Recoules, V.] CEA, DAM, DIF, F-91297 Arpajon, France. [Recoules, V.] Univ Paris Diderot, CNRS, Observ Paris, LUTH,UMR8102, F-92195 Meudon, France. RP Starrett, CE (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Clerouin, jean/D-8528-2015 OI Clerouin, jean/0000-0003-2144-2759 FU United States Department of Energy [DE-AC52-06NA25396] FX This work was performed under the auspices of the United States Department of Energy under Contract DE-AC52-06NA25396. We thank F. Lambert for providing the ab initio data for Figure 6 and Dr. S. Hansen and Dr. B. Holst for useful discussions. We also thank Dr. G. Collins for useful input. NR 37 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 17 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD OCT PY 2012 VL 19 IS 10 AR 102709 DI 10.1063/1.4764937 PG 9 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 030VE UT WOS:000310597400046 ER PT J AU Theobald, W Nora, R Lafon, M Casner, A Ribeyre, X Anderson, KS Betti, R Delettrez, JA Frenje, JA Glebov, VY Gotchev, OV Hohenberger, M Hu, SX Marshall, FJ Meyerhofer, DD Sangster, TC Schurtz, G Seka, W Smalyuk, VA Stoeckl, C Yaakobi, B AF Theobald, W. Nora, R. Lafon, M. Casner, A. Ribeyre, X. Anderson, K. S. Betti, R. Delettrez, J. A. Frenje, J. A. Glebov, V. Yu Gotchev, O. V. Hohenberger, M. Hu, S. X. Marshall, F. J. Meyerhofer, D. D. Sangster, T. C. Schurtz, G. Seka, W. Smalyuk, V. A. Stoeckl, C. Yaakobi, B. TI Spherical shock-ignition experiments with the 40+20-beam configuration on OMEGA SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID INERTIAL-CONFINEMENT-FUSION; LASER-PLASMA; DIRECT-DRIVE; REDUCTION; DETECTORS AB Spherical shock-ignition experiments on OMEGA used a novel beam configuration that separates low-intensity compression beams and high-intensity spike beams. Significant improvements in the performance of plastic-shell, D-2 implosions were observed with repointed beams. The analysis of the coupling of the high-intensity spike beam energy into the imploding capsule indicates that absorbed hot-electron energy contributes to the coupling. The backscattering of laser energy was measured to reach up to 36% at single-beam intensities of similar to 8 x 10(15) W/cm(2). Hard x-ray measurements revealed a relatively low hot-electron temperature of similar to 30 keV independent of intensity and timing. At the highest intensity, stimulated Brillouin scattering occurs near and above the quarter-critical density and the two-plasmon-decay instability is suppressed. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4763556] C1 [Theobald, W.; Nora, R.; Lafon, M.; Anderson, K. S.; Betti, R.; Delettrez, J. A.; Glebov, V. Yu; Gotchev, O. V.; Hohenberger, M.; Hu, S. X.; Marshall, F. J.; Meyerhofer, D. D.; Sangster, T. C.; Seka, W.; Smalyuk, V. A.; Stoeckl, C.; Yaakobi, B.] Univ Rochester, Laser Energet Lab, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. [Theobald, W.; Nora, R.; Lafon, M.; Anderson, K. S.; Betti, R.; Delettrez, J. A.; Glebov, V. Yu; Gotchev, O. V.; Hohenberger, M.; Hu, S. X.; Marshall, F. J.; Meyerhofer, D. D.; Sangster, T. C.; Seka, W.; Smalyuk, V. A.; Stoeckl, C.; Yaakobi, B.] Univ Rochester, Fus Sci Ctr, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. [Nora, R.; Betti, R.; Meyerhofer, D. D.] Univ Rochester, Dept Mech Engn & Phys, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. [Lafon, M.; Ribeyre, X.; Schurtz, G.] Univ Bordeaux, CNRS, CEA, CELIA Ctr Lasers Intenses & Applicat, F-33400 Talence, France. [Casner, A.] CEA, DAM, DIF, F-91297 Arpajon, France. [Frenje, J. A.] MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Smalyuk, V. A.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Theobald, W (reprint author), Univ Rochester, Laser Energet Lab, 250 E River Rd, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. EM wthe@lle.rochester.edu RI Hu, Suxing/A-1265-2007; CASNER, Alexis/B-7458-2014 OI Hu, Suxing/0000-0003-2465-3818; CASNER, Alexis/0000-0003-2176-1389 FU U.S. Department of Energy Office of Fusion Energy Sciences [DE-FC02-04ER54789]; Office of Inertial Confinement Fusion [DE-FC52-08NA28302]; University of Rochester; New York State Energy Research and Development Authority; DOE; Aquitaine Region Council; European Union [211737] FX This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Fusion Energy Sciences under Contract DE-FC02-04ER54789 and by the Office of Inertial Confinement Fusion under Cooperative Agreement No. DE-FC52-08NA28302, the University of Rochester, and the New York State Energy Research and Development Authority. The support of DOE does not constitute an endorsement by DOE of the views expressed in this article. This work was partially supported by the Aquitaine Region Council and the European Union's Seventh Framework Program: the HiPER Project #211737. NR 41 TC 36 Z9 36 U1 2 U2 20 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD OCT PY 2012 VL 19 IS 10 AR 102706 DI 10.1063/1.4763556 PG 16 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 030VE UT WOS:000310597400043 ER PT J AU Vu, HX DuBois, DF Russell, DA Myatt, JF AF Vu, H. X. DuBois, D. F. Russell, D. A. Myatt, J. F. TI Hot-electron generation by "cavitating" Langmuir turbulence in the nonlinear stage of the two-plasmon-decay instability SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID SMOOTH IONOSPHERE; DECAY INSTABILITY; PLASMA; SATURATION; RADIATION; ARECIBO; SPECTRA; SPOTS AB The kinetic reduced-description particle-in-cell simulation technique has been applied to study the nonlinear stage of two-plasmon-decay (TPD) instability in an inhomogeneous plasma driven by crossed laser beams. The TPD instability is found to be a prolific generator of "cavitating" Langmuir turbulence. Langmuir "cavitons"-localized longitudinal electric fields, oscillating near the local electron plasma frequency, trapped in ponderomotive density depressions-collapse to dimensions of a few electron Debye lengths, where the electric field energy is collisionlessly transferred to electron kinetic energy. The resulting hot electrons can attain instantaneous temperatures up to 100 keV with net suprathermal heat flux out of the system of up to a few percent of the input laser energy. Scaling laws for this hot-electron generation by TPD, in regimes motivated by recent experiments on the Omega laser, were presented recently by Vu et al. (H. X. Vu, D. F. DuBois, D. A. Russell, and J. F. Myatt, Phys. Plasmas 19, 102703 (2012)). This paper concentrates on the microscopic mechanisms for hot-electron generation. The spatial distribution of the maxima of the electric field envelope modulus is found to be very spiky, with the distribution of electric field envelope maxima obeying Gaussian statistics. The cavitons are produced in density-depletion trenches produced by the combined ponderomotive interference of the crossed laser beams and the ponderomotive beats of the primary backward-going TPD Langmuir waves (LWs) resulting from the crossed beams. The Langmuir turbulence is strongest in the electron-density region near 0.241x the laser's critical density, where the forward LWs from the crossed-beam TPD are degenerate. Nucleation of cavitons is assisted by the modulation of the electron density in the trenches, which in turn is caused by the beating of the common forward-going LW and the pair of backward-going LWs. The autocorrelation function of the LW envelope field provides a near-universal shape for intense cavitons-in the neighborhood of the local field maxima. The hot-electron temperature is found to be approximately a linear function of the "caviton temperature" determined from the Gaussian distribution of caviton maxima. These diagnostics provide strong evidence for the importance of Langmuir caviton collapse in the generation of hot electrons by TPD. Extended Zakharov model predictions for TPD exhibit the same qualitative phenomena. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4764075] C1 [Vu, H. X.] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [DuBois, D. F.; Russell, D. A.] Lodestar Res Corp, Boulder, CO 80301 USA. [DuBois, D. F.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Myatt, J. F.] Univ Rochester, Laser Energet Lab, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. RP Vu, HX (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Inertial Confinement Fusion [DE-FC52-08NA28302]; University of Rochester; New York State Energy Research and Development Authority; National Nuclear Security Agency through its High-Energy-Density Laboratory Plasmas Grant [DE-FG52-09NA29545]; DOE FX This research was supported by (1) the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Inertial Confinement Fusion under Cooperative Agreement No. DE-FC52-08NA28302, the University of Rochester, and the New York State Energy Research and Development Authority and (2) the National Nuclear Security Agency through its High-Energy-Density Laboratory Plasmas Grant No. DE-FG52-09NA29545. The support of DOE does not constitute an endorsement by DOE of the views expressed in this article. NR 29 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 2 U2 13 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X EI 1089-7674 J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD OCT PY 2012 VL 19 IS 10 AR 102708 DI 10.1063/1.4764075 PG 10 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 030VE UT WOS:000310597400045 ER PT J AU Vu, HX DuBois, DF Myatt, JF Russell, DA AF Vu, H. X. DuBois, D. F. Myatt, J. F. Russell, D. A. TI Hot-electron production and suprathermal heat flux scaling with laser intensity from the two-plasmon-decay instability SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID INDUCED LANGMUIR TURBULENCE; PARTICLE-IN-CELL; STIMULATED RAMAN; SMOOTH IONOSPHERE; DECAY INSTABILITY; PLASMA; SATURATION; SCATTERING; ARECIBO; SPECTRA AB The fully kinetic reduced-description particle-in-cell (RPIC) method has been applied to simulations of two-plasmon-decay (TPD) instability, driven by crossed laser beams, in an inhomogeneous plasma for parameters consistent with recent direct-drive experiments related to laser-driven inertial fusion. The nonlinear saturated state is characterized by very spiky electric fields, with Langmuir cavitation occurring preferentially inside density channels produced by the ponderomotive beating of the crossed laser beams and the primary TPD Langmuir waves (LWs). The heated electron distribution function is, in all cases, bi-Maxwellian, with instantaneous hot-electron temperatures in the range 60-100 keV. The net hot-electron energy flux out of the system is a small fraction (similar to 1% to 2%) of the input laser intensity in these simulations. Scalings of the hot-electron temperature and suprathermal heat flux as functions of the laser intensity are obtained numerically from RPIC simulations. These simulations lead to the preliminary conclusion that Langmuir cavitation and collapse provide dissipation by producing suprathermal electrons, which stabilize the system in saturation and drive the LW spectrum to the small dissipation scales at the Landau cutoff. The Langmuir turbulence originates at an electron density 0.241 x the laser's critical density, where the crossed laser beams excite a "triad" mode-a common forward LW plus a pair of backward LWs. Remnants of this "triad" evolve in k-space and dominate the time-averaged energy spectrum. At times exceeding 10 ps, the excited Langmuir turbulence spreads toward lower densities. Comparisons of RPIC simulations with the extended Zakharov model are presented in appropriate regimes, and the necessary requirements for the validity of a quasi-linear Zakharov model (where the spatially averaged electron-velocity distribution is evolved) are verified by RPIC simulation results. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4757978] C1 [Vu, H. X.] Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [DuBois, D. F.; Russell, D. A.] Lodestar Res Corp, Boulder, CO 80301 USA. [DuBois, D. F.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Myatt, J. F.] Univ Rochester, Laser Energet Lab, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. RP Vu, HX (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Inertial Confinement Fusion [DE-FC52-08NA28302]; University of Rochester; New York State Energy Research and Development Authority; National Nuclear Security Agency through its High-Energy-Density Laboratory Plasmas Grant [DE-FG52-09NA29545]; DOE FX This research was supported by (1) the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Inertial Confinement Fusion under Cooperative Agreement No. DE-FC52-08NA28302, the University of Rochester, and the New York State Energy Research and Development Authority and (2) the National Nuclear Security Agency through its High-Energy-Density Laboratory Plasmas Grant No. DE-FG52-09NA29545. The support of DOE does not constitute an endorsement by DOE of the views expressed in this article. NR 32 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 13 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD OCT PY 2012 VL 19 IS 10 AR 102703 DI 10.1063/1.4757978 PG 11 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 030VE UT WOS:000310597400040 ER PT J AU McDermott, JE Jarman, K Taylor, R Lancaster, M Shankaran, H Vartanian, KB Stevens, SL Stenzel-Poore, MP Sanfilippo, A AF McDermott, Jason E. Jarman, Kenneth Taylor, Ronald Lancaster, Mary Shankaran, Harish Vartanian, Keri B. Stevens, Susan L. Stenzel-Poore, Mary P. Sanfilippo, Antonio TI Modeling Dynamic Regulatory Processes in Stroke SO PLOS COMPUTATIONAL BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CEREBRAL-ISCHEMIA; GENE ONTOLOGY; NETWORKS; BRAIN; TOLERANCE; PROTEIN; INJURY; REGRESSION; RESOURCE; DATABASE AB The ability to examine the behavior of biological systems in silico has the potential to greatly accelerate the pace of discovery in diseases, such as stroke, where in vivo analysis is time intensive and costly. In this paper we describe an approach for in silico examination of responses of the blood transcriptome to neuroprotective agents and subsequent stroke through the development of dynamic models of the regulatory processes observed in the experimental gene expression data. First, we identified functional gene clusters from these data. Next, we derived ordinary differential equations (ODEs) from the data relating these functional clusters to each other in terms of their regulatory influence on one another. Dynamic models were developed by coupling these ODEs into a model that simulates the expression of regulated functional clusters. By changing the magnitude of gene expression in the initial input state it was possible to assess the behavior of the networks through time under varying conditions since the dynamic model only requires an initial starting state, and does not require measurement of regulatory influences at each time point in order to make accurate predictions. We discuss the implications of our models on neuroprotection in stroke, explore the limitations of the approach, and report that an optimized dynamic model can provide accurate predictions of overall system behavior under several different neuroprotective paradigms. C1 [McDermott, Jason E.; Jarman, Kenneth; Taylor, Ronald; Lancaster, Mary; Shankaran, Harish; Sanfilippo, Antonio] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Vartanian, Keri B.; Stevens, Susan L.; Stenzel-Poore, Mary P.] Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, Portland, OR 97201 USA. RP McDermott, JE (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM Jason.McDermott@pnnl.gov RI Jarman, Kenneth/B-6157-2011; Lancaster, Mary/A-5065-2015; Sanfilippo, Antonio/B-6743-2016; OI Jarman, Kenneth/0000-0002-4396-9212; Lancaster, Mary/0000-0002-2530-7004; Sanfilippo, Antonio/0000-0001-7097-4562; McDermott, Jason/0000-0003-2961-2572; Taylor, Ronald/0000-0001-9777-9767 FU NIH/NINDS [R01NS057484-03] FX This work was supported under NIH/NINDS grant R01NS057484-03. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 41 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 6 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1553-7358 J9 PLOS COMPUT BIOL JI PLoS Comput. Biol. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 8 IS 10 AR e1002722 DI 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1002722 PG 17 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Mathematical & Computational Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Mathematical & Computational Biology GA 030KE UT WOS:000310568800020 PM 23071432 ER PT J AU Penz, T Schmitz-Esser, S Kelly, SE Cass, BN Muller, A Woyke, T Malfatti, SA Hunter, MS Horn, M AF Penz, Thomas Schmitz-Esser, Stephan Kelly, Suzanne E. Cass, Bodil N. Mueller, Anneliese Woyke, Tanja Malfatti, Stephanie A. Hunter, Martha S. Horn, Matthias TI Comparative Genomics Suggests an Independent Origin of Cytoplasmic Incompatibility in Cardinium hertigii SO PLOS GENETICS LA English DT Article ID CANDIDATUS AMOEBOPHILUS ASIATICUS; PROTEIN-PROTEIN INTERACTIONS; MULTIPLE SEQUENCE ALIGNMENT; HOST-CELL INTERACTION; ANKYRIN DOMAIN GENES; IV SECRETION SYSTEM; BACTERIAL SYMBIONTS; INTRACELLULAR BACTERIA; PROKARYOTIC GENOMES; DROSOPHILA-SIMULANS AB Terrestrial arthropods are commonly infected with maternally inherited bacterial symbionts that cause cytoplasmic incompatibility (CI). In CI, the outcome of crosses between symbiont-infected males and uninfected females is reproductive failure, increasing the relative fitness of infected females and leading to spread of the symbiont in the host population. CI symbionts have profound impacts on host genetic structure and ecology and may lead to speciation and the rapid evolution of sex determination systems. Cardinium hertigii, a member of the Bacteroidetes and symbiont of the parasitic wasp Encarsia pergandiella, is the only known bacterium other than the Alphaproteobacteria Wolbachia to cause CI. Here we report the genome sequence of Cardinium hertigii cEper1. Comparison with the genomes of CI-inducing Wolbachia pipientis strains wMel, wRi, and wPip provides a unique opportunity to pinpoint shared proteins mediating host cell interaction, including some candidate proteins for CI that have not previously been investigated. The genome of Cardinium lacks all major biosynthetic pathways but harbors a complete biotin biosynthesis pathway, suggesting a potential role for Cardinium in host nutrition. Cardinium lacks known protein secretion systems but encodes a putative phage-derived secretion system distantly related to the antifeeding prophage of the entomopathogen Serratia entomophila. Lastly, while Cardinium and Wolbachia genomes show only a functional overlap of proteins, they show no evidence of laterally transferred elements that would suggest common ancestry of CI in both lineages. Instead, comparative genomics suggests an independent evolution of CI in Cardinium and Wolbachia and provides a novel context for understanding the mechanistic basis of CI. C1 [Penz, Thomas; Schmitz-Esser, Stephan; Horn, Matthias] Univ Vienna, Dept Microbial Ecol, Vienna, Austria. [Schmitz-Esser, Stephan; Mueller, Anneliese] Univ Vet Med Vienna, Inst Milk Hyg, Vienna, Austria. [Kelly, Suzanne E.; Hunter, Martha S.] Univ Arizona, Dept Entomol, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Cass, Bodil N.] Univ Arizona, Grad Interdisciplinary Program Entomol & Insect S, Tucson, AZ USA. [Woyke, Tanja; Malfatti, Stephanie A.] US DOE, Joint Genome Inst, Walnut Creek, CA USA. RP Penz, T (reprint author), Univ Vienna, Dept Microbial Ecol, Vienna, Austria. EM mhunter@ag.arizona.edu; horn@microbial-ecology.net RI Hunter, Martha/B-7307-2012; Horn, Matthias/G-1136-2011; OI Horn, Matthias/0000-0002-8309-5855; Schmitz-Esser, Stephan/0000-0002-1907-0709 FU Austrian Science Fund (FWF) [Y277-B03, P22703-B17]; National Science Foundation [DEB-1020460]; USDA AFRI [2010-03752]; U.S. Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute [776895]; Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; European Cooperation in Science and Technology (COST) Action [FA0701] FX This work was funded by Austrian Science Fund (FWF) grants Y277-B03 and P22703-B17 to MH and SS-E, respectively, and by National Science Foundation grant DEB-1020460 and USDA AFRI 2010-03752 to MSH. The genome sequencing effort was conducted by the U.S. Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute (Community Sequencing Program project no. 776895) and supported by the Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. Additional support from the European Cooperation in Science and Technology (COST) Action FA0701 Arthropod Symbiosis is acknowledged. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 103 TC 35 Z9 37 U1 1 U2 31 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1553-7404 J9 PLOS GENET JI PLoS Genet. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 8 IS 10 AR e1003012 DI 10.1371/journal.pgen.1003012 PG 11 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA 029WR UT WOS:000310528400035 PM 23133394 ER PT J AU Sekhon, RS Wang, PH Sidorenko, L Chandler, VL Chopra, S AF Sekhon, Rajandeep S. Wang, Po-Hao Sidorenko, Lyudmila Chandler, Vicki L. Chopra, Surinder TI Maize Unstable factor for orange1 Is Required for Maintaining Silencing Associated with Paramutation at the pericarp color1 and booster1 Loci SO PLOS GENETICS LA English DT Article ID RNA-POLYMERASE-IV; DNA METHYLATION; HISTONE METHYLATION; BINDING DOMAIN; MYB GENE; ZEA-MAYS; P1 GENE; EXPRESSION; ESTABLISHMENT; ARABIDOPSIS AB To understand the molecular mechanisms underlying paramutation, we examined the role of Unstable factor for orange1 (Ufo1) in maintaining paramutation at the maize pericarp color1 (p1) and booster1 (b1) loci. Genetic tests revealed that the Ufo1-1 mutation disrupted silencing associated with paramutation at both p1 and b1. The level of up regulation achieved at b1 was lower than that at p1, suggesting differences in the role Ufo1-1 plays at these loci. We characterized the interaction of Ufo1-1 with two silenced p1 epialleles, P1-rr' and P1-pr(TP), that were derived from a common P1-rr ancestor. Both alleles are phenotypically indistinguishable, but differ in their paramutagenic activity; P1-rr' is paramutagenic to P1-rr, while P1-pr(TP) is non-paramutagenic. Analysis of cytosine methylation revealed striking differences within an enhancer fragment that is required for paramutation; P1-rr' exhibited increased methylation at symmetric (CG and CHG) and asymmetric (CHH) sites, while P1-pr(TP) was methylated only at symmetric sites. Both silenced alleles had higher levels of dimethylation of lysine 9 on histone 3 (H3K9me2), an epigenetic mark of silent chromatin, in the enhancer region. Both epialleles were reactivated in the Ufo1-1 background; however, reactivation of P1-rr' was associated with dramatic loss of symmetric and asymmetric cytosine methylation in the enhancer, while methylation of up-regulated P1-pr(TP) was not affected. Interestingly, Ufo1-1-mediated reactivation of both alleles was accompanied with loss of H3K9me2 mark from the enhancer region. Therefore, while earlier studies have shown correlation between H3K9me2 and DNA methylation, our study shows that these two epigenetic marks are uncoupled in the Ufo1-1-reactivated p1 alleles. Furthermore, while CHH methylation at the enhancer region appears to be the major distinguishing mark between paramutagenic and non-paramutagenic p1 alleles, H3K9me2 mark appears to be important for maintaining epigenetic silencing. C1 [Sekhon, Rajandeep S.; Wang, Po-Hao; Chopra, Surinder] Penn State Univ, Dept Plant Sci, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Sekhon, Rajandeep S.; Chopra, Surinder] Penn State Univ, Plant Biol Grad Program, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Sidorenko, Lyudmila; Chandler, Vicki L.] Univ Arizona, Dept Plant Sci, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Sidorenko, Lyudmila; Chandler, Vicki L.] Univ Arizona, Inst BIO5, Tucson, AZ USA. RP Sekhon, RS (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin Madison, Great Lakes Bioenergy Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM sic3@psu.edu FU National Science Foundation [0619330, 1051654] FX This work was supported by National Science Foundation awards 0619330 and 1051654 to SC. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 41 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 5 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1553-7404 J9 PLOS GENET JI PLoS Genet. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 8 IS 10 AR e1002980 DI 10.1371/journal.pgen.1002980 PG 13 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA 029WR UT WOS:000310528400016 PM 23055943 ER PT J AU Mauduit, JC Lacy, M Farrah, D Surace, JA Jarvis, M Oliver, S Maraston, C Vaccari, M Marchetti, L Zeimann, G Gonzales-Solares, EA Pforr, J Petric, AO Henriques, B Thomas, PA Afonso, J Rettura, A Wilson, G Falder, JT Geach, JE Huynh, M Norris, RP Seymour, N Richards, GT Stanford, SA Alexander, DM Becker, RH Best, PN Bizzocchi, L Bonfield, D Castro, N Cava, A Chapman, S Christopher, N Clements, DL Covone, G Dubois, N Dunlop, JS Dyke, E Edge, A Ferguson, HC Foucaud, S Franceschini, A Gal, RR Grant, JK Grossi, M Hatziminaoglou, E Hickey, S Hodge, JA Huang, JS Ivison, RJ Kim, M LeFevre, O Lehnert, M Lonsdale, CJ Lubin, LM McLure, RJ Messias, H Martinez-Sansigre, A Mortier, AMJ Nielsen, DM Ouchi, M Parish, G Perez-Fournon, I Pierre, M Rawlings, S Readhead, A Ridgway, SE Rigopoulou, D Romer, AK Rosebloom, IG Rottgering, HJA Rowan-Robinson, M Sajina, A Simpson, CJ Smail, I Squires, GK Stevens, JA Taylor, R Trichas, M Urrutia, T van Kampen, E Verma, A Xu, CK AF Mauduit, J. -C. Lacy, M. Farrah, D. Surace, J. A. Jarvis, M. Oliver, S. Maraston, C. Vaccari, M. Marchetti, L. Zeimann, G. Gonzales-Solares, E. A. Pforr, J. Petric, A. O. Henriques, B. Thomas, P. A. Afonso, J. Rettura, A. Wilson, G. Falder, J. T. Geach, J. E. Huynh, M. Norris, R. P. Seymour, N. Richards, G. T. Stanford, S. A. Alexander, D. M. Becker, R. H. Best, P. N. Bizzocchi, L. Bonfield, D. Castro, N. Cava, A. Chapman, S. Christopher, N. Clements, D. L. Covone, G. Dubois, N. Dunlop, J. S. Dyke, E. Edge, A. Ferguson, H. C. Foucaud, S. Franceschini, A. Gal, R. R. Grant, J. K. Grossi, M. Hatziminaoglou, E. Hickey, S. Hodge, J. A. Huang, J. -S. Ivison, R. J. Kim, M. LeFevre, O. Lehnert, M. Lonsdale, C. J. Lubin, L. M. McLure, R. J. Messias, H. Martinez-Sansigre, A. Mortier, A. M. J. Nielsen, D. M. Ouchi, M. Parish, G. Perez-Fournon, I. Pierre, M. Rawlings, S. Readhead, A. Ridgway, S. E. Rigopoulou, D. Romer, A. K. Rosebloom, I. G. Rottgering, H. J. A. Rowan-Robinson, M. Sajina, A. Simpson, C. J. Smail, I. Squires, G. K. Stevens, J. A. Taylor, R. Trichas, M. Urrutia, T. van Kampen, E. Verma, A. Xu, C. K. TI The Spitzer Extragalactic Representative Volume Survey (SERVS): Survey Definition and Goals (vol 124, pg 714, 2012) SO PUBLICATIONS OF THE ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY OF THE PACIFIC LA English DT Correction C1 [Mauduit, J. -C.; Surace, J. A.; Petric, A. O.; Kim, M.; Lonsdale, C. J.; Squires, G. K.; Xu, C. K.] CALTECH, Ctr Infrared Proc & Anal, Spitzer Sci Ctr, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Readhead, A.] CALTECH, Dept Astron, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Lacy, M.; Henriques, B.; Thomas, P. A.; Romer, A. K.; Rosebloom, I. G.] Natl Radio Astron Observ, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA. [Farrah, D.; Oliver, S.; Dubois, N.] Univ Sussex, Dept Phys & Astron, Brighton BN1 9QH, E Sussex, England. [Jarvis, M.; Falder, J. T.; Bonfield, D.; Dyke, E.; Hickey, S.; Parish, G.; Stevens, J. A.] Univ Hertfordshire, Ctr Astrophys Res, Hatfield AL10 9AB, Herts, England. [Maraston, C.; Pforr, J.; Martinez-Sansigre, A.] Univ Portsmouth, Inst Cosmol & Gravitat, Portsmouth PO1 3FX, Hants, England. [Vaccari, M.; Marchetti, L.; Franceschini, A.] Univ Padua, Dept Astron, I-35122 Padua, Italy. [Vaccari, M.] Univ Western Cape, Astrophys Grp, Dept Phys, ZA-7535 Cape Town, South Africa. [Zeimann, G.; Stanford, S. A.; Becker, R. H.; Lubin, L. M.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Phys, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Gonzales-Solares, E. A.; Chapman, S.] Univ Cambridge, Inst Astron, Cambridge CB3 0HA, England. [Pforr, J.] Natl Opt Astron Observ, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. [Afonso, J.; Bizzocchi, L.; Grossi, M.; Messias, H.] Univ Lisbon, Observ Astron Lisboa, Fac Ciencias, P-1349018 Lisbon, Portugal. [Afonso, J.; Bizzocchi, L.; Grossi, M.; Messias, H.] Univ Lisbon, Ctr Astron & Astrofs, P-1349018 Lisbon, Portugal. [Rettura, A.; Wilson, G.] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Phys & Astron, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Geach, J. E.] McGill Univ, Dept Phys, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada. [Huynh, M.] Univ Western Australia, Int Ctr Radio Astron Res, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia. [Norris, R. P.; Seymour, N.] CSIRO Astron & Space Sci, Epping, NSW 1710, Australia. [Richards, G. T.] Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, Philadelphia, PA 19014 USA. [Stanford, S. A.; Becker, R. H.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, IGPP, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Alexander, D. M.] Univ Durham, Dept Phys, Durham DH1 3LE, England. [Edge, A.; Smail, I.] Univ Durham, Inst Computat Cosmol, Durham DH1 3LE, England. [Best, P. N.; Dunlop, J. S.; Ivison, R. J.; McLure, R. J.; Mortier, A. M. J.] Univ Edinburgh, Inst Astron, Royal Observ, Edinburgh EH9 3HJ, Midlothian, Scotland. [Castro, N.; Cava, A.; Perez-Fournon, I.] Inst Astrofis Canarias, Tenerife 38200, Spain. [Christopher, N.; Martinez-Sansigre, A.; Rawlings, S.; Rigopoulou, D.; Verma, A.] Oxford Astrophys, Oxford OX1 3RH, England. [Clements, D. L.; Rowan-Robinson, M.; Trichas, M.] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Astrophys Grp, Blackett Lab, London SW7 2BW, England. [Covone, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Napoli, I-80126 Naples, Italy. [Covone, G.] Univ Naples Federico II, Dipartimento Sci Fis, I-80126 Naples, Italy. [Ferguson, H. C.] Space Telescope Sci Inst, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Foucaud, S.] Univ Nottingham, Sch Phys & Astron, Nottingham NG7 2RD, England. [Gal, R. R.] Univ Hawaii, Inst Astron, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Grant, J. K.; Taylor, R.; van Kampen, E.] Univ Calgary, Inst Space Imaging Sci, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada. [Hatziminaoglou, E.] European So Observ, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Hodge, J. A.; Huang, J. -S.] Max Planck Inst Astron, D-69177 Heidelberg, Germany. [LeFevre, O.] Traverse Siphon, Lab Astrophys Marseille, F-13376 Marseille 12, France. [Lehnert, M.] Observ Paris, Lab Etud Galaxies Etoiles Phys & Instrumentat GEP, UMR8111, F-92195 Meudon, France. [Nielsen, D. M.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Astron, Madison, WI 53711 USA. [Ouchi, M.] Observ Carnegie Inst Washington, Pasadena, CA 91101 USA. [Pierre, M.] CEA, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Ridgway, S. E.] Cerro Tololo Interamer Observ, La Serena, Chile. [Rottgering, H. J. A.] Leiden Univ, Leiden Observ, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands. [Sajina, A.] Haverford Coll, Dept Phys & Astron, Haverford, PA 19041 USA. [Simpson, C. J.] Liverpool John Moores Univ, Astrophys Res Inst, Birkenhead CH41 1LD, Merseyside, England. [Urrutia, T.] Leibniz Inst Astrophys, D-14482 Potsdam, Germany. RP Mauduit, JC (reprint author), CALTECH, Ctr Infrared Proc & Anal, Spitzer Sci Ctr, Mail Code 220-6, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. RI Oliver, Seb/A-2479-2013; Smail, Ian/M-5161-2013; Norris, Ray/A-1316-2008; Pforr, Janine/J-3967-2015; Ivison, R./G-4450-2011; Cava, Antonio/C-5274-2017 OI Oliver, Seb/0000-0001-7862-1032; Smail, Ian/0000-0003-3037-257X; Norris, Ray/0000-0002-4597-1906; Pforr, Janine/0000-0002-3414-8391; Ivison, R./0000-0001-5118-1313; Cava, Antonio/0000-0002-4821-1275 FU Science and Technology Facilities Council [ST/H001581/1, ST/I000976/1] NR 1 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 3 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0004-6280 J9 PUBL ASTRON SOC PAC JI Publ. Astron. Soc. Pac. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 124 IS 920 BP 1135 EP 1136 DI 10.1086/668290 PG 2 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 030MJ UT WOS:000310574500011 ER PT J AU Myers, MT Charnvanichborikarn, S Wei, CC Luo, ZP Aitkaliyeva, A Shao, L Kucheyev, SO AF Myers, M. T. Charnvanichborikarn, S. Wei, C. C. Luo, Z. P. Aitkaliyeva, A. Shao, L. Kucheyev, S. O. TI Defect microstructure in heavy-ion-bombarded (0001) ZnO SO ACTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article DE Intermediate defect peak; ZnO surface; Ion implantation; ZnO; Radiation damage ID IMPLANTED ZNO; DAMAGE; POLYGONIZATION; OXIDE AB Radiation defects in oxides are complex and remain poorly understood. Here, we use transmission electron microscopy to study ZnO crystals bombarded at room temperature with heavy ions (500 keV Xe). Results reveal that the damage evolution proceeds via the formation of a band of cavities centered similar to 7 nm from the sample surface. With further irradiation, a layered structure is formed, with alternating near-stoichiometric and Zn-rich layers. The anomalous intermediate peak and step in ion channeling spectra are attributed to a Zn-rich defect band and an interface between stoichiometric and Zn-rich layers, respectively. To explain these observations, we propose a damage build-up scenario involving vacancy clustering, loss of 0 from the surface, and peculiarities of point-defect transport through a Zn-rich defect band toward the surface. (C) 2012 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Myers, M. T.; Charnvanichborikarn, S.; Kucheyev, S. O.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Myers, M. T.; Shao, L.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Nucl Engn, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Wei, C. C.; Luo, Z. P.; Aitkaliyeva, A.] Texas A&M Univ, Mat Sci & Engn Program, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Luo, Z. P.] Texas A&M Univ, Microscopy & Imaging Ctr, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. RP Myers, MT (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM myers63@llnl.gov RI Luo, Zhiping/C-4435-2014; OI Luo, Zhiping/0000-0002-8264-6424; Aitkaliyeva, Assel/0000-0003-1481-6804 FU US DOE by LLNL [DE-AC52-07NA27344]; NSF [0846835] FX This work was performed under the auspices of the US DOE by LLNL under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. L.S. thanks the support from NSF Grant No. 0846835, and M.T.M. would like to acknowledge the LLNL Lawrence Scholar Program for funding. NR 29 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 28 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6454 J9 ACTA MATER JI Acta Mater. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 60 IS 17 BP 6086 EP 6090 DI 10.1016/j.actamat.2012.07.046 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 018EM UT WOS:000309642900014 ER PT J AU Bailey, DH Borwein, JM AF Bailey, David H. Borwein, Jonathan M. TI Ancient Indian Square Roots: An Exercise in Forensic Paleo-Mathematics SO AMERICAN MATHEMATICAL MONTHLY LA English DT Article AB This article examines the computation of square roots in ancient India in the context of the discovery of positional decimal arithmetic. C1 [Bailey, David H.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Computat Res Dept, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Borwein, Jonathan M.] Univ Newcastle, Sch Math & Phys Sci, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia. [Borwein, Jonathan M.] King Abdulaziz Univ, Jeddah 80200, Saudi Arabia. [Borwein, Jonathan M.] Univ Newcastle, Ctr Comp Assisted Res Math, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia. RP Bailey, DH (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Computat Res Dept, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM DHBailey@lbl.gov; jonathan.borwein@newcastle.edu.au FU Computational Sciences of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX The authors wish to thank useful comments and suggestions by Hemant Shukla, Shrikrishna G. Dani, and three anonymous reviewers. Bailey's work was supported by the Director, Office of Computational and Technology Research, Division of Mathematical, Information, and Computational Sciences of the U.S. Department of Energy, under contract number DE-AC02-05CH11231. NR 20 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 14 PU MATHEMATICAL ASSOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1529 18TH STREET NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0002-9890 J9 AM MATH MON JI Am. Math. Mon. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 119 IS 8 BP 646 EP 657 DI 10.4169/amer.math.monthly.119.08.646 PG 12 WC Mathematics SC Mathematics GA 028AR UT WOS:000310395700003 ER PT J AU Landau, SM Mintun, MA Joshi, AD Koeppe, RA Petersen, RC Aisen, PS Weiner, MW Jagust, WJ AF Landau, Susan M. Mintun, Mark A. Joshi, Abhinay D. Koeppe, Robert A. Petersen, Ronald C. Aisen, Paul S. Weiner, Michael W. Jagust, William J. CA Alzheimer's Dis Neuroimaging Initi TI Amyloid deposition, hypometabolism, and longitudinal cognitive decline SO ANNALS OF NEUROLOGY LA English DT Article ID FLORBETAPIR F 18; ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE; FDG-PET; A-BETA; IMPAIRMENT; DEMENTIA; DIAGNOSIS; CONVERSION; BIOMARKERS AB Objective: Using data from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) population, we examined (1) cross-sectional relationships between amyloid deposition, hypometabolism, and cognition, and (2) associations between amyloid and hypometabolism measurements and longitudinal cognitive measurements. Methods: We examined associations between mean cortical florbetapir uptake, mean 18F-fluorodeoxyglucosepositron emission tomography (FDG-PET) within a set of predefined regions, and Alzhiemer's Disease Assessment Scale (ADAS-cog) performance in 426 ADNI participants (126 normal, 162 early mild cognitive impairment [EMCI], 85 late MCI [LMCI], 53 Alzheimer disease [AD] patients). For a subset of these (76 normal, 81 LMCI) we determined whether florbetapir and FDG-PET were associated with retrospective decline in longitudinal ADAS-cog measurements. Results: Twenty-nine percent of normal subjects, 43% of EMCI patients, 62% of LMCI patients, and 77% of AD patients were categorized as florbetapir positive. Florbetapir was negatively associated with concurrent FDG and ADAS-cog in both MCI groups. In longitudinal analyses, florbetapir-positive subjects in both normal and LMCI groups had greater ongoing ADAS-cog decline than those who were florbetapir negative. However, in normal subjects, florbetapir positivity was associated with greater ADAS-cog decline than FDG, whereas in LMCI, FDG positivity was associated with greater decline than florbetapir. Interpretation: Although both hypometabolism and beta-amyloid (A beta) deposition are detectable in normal subjects and all diagnostic groups, A beta showed greater associations with cognitive decline in normal participants. In view of the minimal cognitive deterioration overall in this group, this suggests that amyloid deposition has an early and subclinical impact on cognition that precedes metabolic changes. At moderate and later stages of disease (LMCI/AD), hypometabolism becomes more pronounced and more closely linked to ongoing cognitive decline. ANN NEUROL 2012;72:578586 C1 [Landau, Susan M.; Jagust, William J.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Helen Wills Neurosci Inst, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Landau, Susan M.; Jagust, William J.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Landau, Susan M.; Mintun, Mark A.; Joshi, Abhinay D.] Avid Radiopharmaceut Inc, Philadelphia, PA USA. [Koeppe, Robert A.] Univ Michigan, Sch Med, Dept Radiol, Ann Arbor, MI USA. [Petersen, Ronald C.] Mayo Clin, Dept Neurol, Coll Med, Rochester, MN USA. [Aisen, Paul S.] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Neurosci, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. [Weiner, Michael W.] Vet Affairs, San Francisco, CA USA. [Jagust, William J.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Sch Publ Hlth, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Landau, SM (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Helen Wills Neurosci Inst, 118 Barker Hall MC 3190, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM slandau@berkeley.edu FU Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI); National Institutes of Health [U01 AG024904]; National Institute on Aging; National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering; Canadian Institutes of Health Research; NIH [U01 AG024904, P30AG010129, K01 AG030514]; GE Healthcare; Novartis Incorporated; Baxter; Pfizer; Lilly; NIH FX Data collection and sharing for this project was funded by the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI; National Institutes of Health Grant U01 AG024904). ADNI is funded by the National Institute on Aging and the National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, and through generous contributions from the following: Abbott; Alzheimer's Association; Alzheimer's Drug Discovery Foundation; Amorfix Life Sciences Ltd.; AstraZeneca; Bayer Health-Care; BioClinica, Inc.; Biogen Idec Inc.; Bristol-Myers Squibb Company; Eisai Inc.; Elan Pharmaceuticals Inc.; Eli Lilly and Company; F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd. and its affiliated company Genentech, Inc.; GE Healthcare; Innogenetics, N.V.; Janssen Alzheimer Immunotherapy Research & Development, LLC.; Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research & Development LLC.; Medpace, Inc.; Merck & Co., Inc.; Meso Scale Diagnostics, LLC.; Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation; Pfizer Inc.; Servier; Synarc, Inc.; and Takeda Pharmaceutical Company. The Canadian Institutes of Health Research is providing funds to support ADNI clinical sites in Canada. Private sector contributions are facilitated by the Foundation for the National Institutes of Health (www.fnih.org). The grantee organization is the Northern California Institute for Research and Education, and the study is coordinated by the Alzheimer's Disease Cooperative Study at the University of California, San Diego. ADNI data are disseminated by the Laboratory for Neuro Imaging at the University of California, Los Angeles. This research was also supported by NIH grants P30AG010129, K01 AG030514, U01 AG024904, and the Dana Foundation.; S.M.L.: consultancy, Avid Radiopharmaceuticals, Janssen AI. M. A. M.: employment, Avid Radiopharmaceuticals. R. A. K.: employment, University of Michigan. R. C. P.: board membership, Pfizer, Janssen Alzheimer Immunotherapy; consultancy, Elan Pharmaceuticals, GE Healthcare; speaking fees, Novartis Incorporated. P. S. A.: consultancy, Elan Corporation, Wyeth, Eisai, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Eli Lilly, NeuroPhage, Merck, Roche, Amgen, Abbott, Pfizer, Novartis, Bayer, Astellas, Dainippon, Biomarin, Solvay, Otsuka, Daiichi, AstraZeneca, Janssen, Medivation, Theravance, Cardeus, Anavex; grants/grants pending, Baxter, Pfizer, Lilly, NIH. M. W. W.: stock/stock options, Elan, Synarc. W.J.J.: consultancy, Genentech, GE Healthcare, Bayer Healthcare, Elan/Janssen Alzheimer Immunotherapy, Synarc, Tau Rx; grants/grants pending, NIH; royalties, Oxford University Press. NR 37 TC 147 Z9 148 U1 6 U2 41 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0364-5134 J9 ANN NEUROL JI Ann. Neurol. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 72 IS 4 BP 578 EP 586 DI 10.1002/ana.23650 PG 9 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 030CG UT WOS:000310544900016 PM 23109153 ER PT J AU Castro, HF Classen, AT Austin, EE Crawford, KM Schadt, CW AF Castro, Hector F. Classen, Aimee T. Austin, Emily E. Crawford, Kerri M. Schadt, Christopher W. TI Development and validation of a citrate synthase directed quantitative PCR marker for soil bacterial communities SO APPLIED SOIL ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Soil respiration; Functional markers; Citrate synthase; qPCR ID 16S RIBOSOMAL-RNA; SULFATE-REDUCING BACTERIA; OLD-FIELD ECOSYSTEM; CITRIC-ACID CYCLE; ELEVATED CO2; WATER AVAILABILITY; RESPIRATION; GENE; DIVERSITY; CLIMATE AB Molecular innovations in microbial ecology are allowing scientists to correlate microbial community characteristics to a variety of ecosystem functions. However, to date the majority of soil microbial ecology studies target phylogenetic rRNA markers, while a smaller number target functional markers linked to soil processes. We validated a new primer set targeting citrate synthase (gtlA), a central enzyme in the citric acid cycle linked to aerobic respiration. Primers for a 225 bp fragment suitable for qPCR were tested for specificity and assay performance verified on multiple soils. Clone libraries of the PCR-amplified grlA gene exhibited high diversity and recovered most major groups identified in a previous 16S rRNA gene study. Comparisons among bacterial communities based on grlA sequencing using UniFrac revealed differences among the experimental soils studied. Conditions for gtlA qPCR were optimized and calibration curves were highly linear (R-2 > 0.99) over six orders of magnitude (4.56 x 10(5) to 4.56 x 10(11) copies), with high amplification efficiencies (> 1.7). We examined the performance of the gtlA qPCR across a variety of soils and ecosystems, spanning forests, old fields and agricultural areas. We were able to amplify gtlA genes in all tested soils, and detected differences in gtlA abundance within and among environments. These results indicate that a fully developed grlA-targeted qPCR approach may have potential to link microbial community characteristics with changes in soil respiration. (c) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Castro, Hector F.; Crawford, Kerri M.; Schadt, Christopher W.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Classen, Aimee T.; Austin, Emily E.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Castro, Hector F.; Schadt, Christopher W.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Microbiol, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RP Schadt, CW (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM schadtcw@ornl.gov RI Classen, Aimee/C-4035-2008; Schadt, Christopher/B-7143-2008 OI Classen, Aimee/0000-0002-6741-3470; Schadt, Christopher/0000-0001-8759-2448 FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Biological and Environmental Research; internal Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program of Oak Ridge National Laboratory; UT Battelle, LLC, for the US Department of Energy [DE-AC05-00OR22725] FX Field collection and analysis of test soils was enabled by ongoing programs sponsored by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Biological and Environmental Research. Development of molecular methods for understanding soil respiration sources was sponsored by the internal Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program of Oak Ridge National Laboratory. ORNL is managed by UT Battelle, LLC, for the US Department of Energy under Contract DE-AC05-00OR22725. We thank, R. Norby, C. Engel, E. Felker-Quinn, S. Kortbein, K. Sides, C. Campany, J. Childs, M. Kerley, and L Gunter for field and laboratory support. NR 43 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 43 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0929-1393 J9 APPL SOIL ECOL JI Appl. Soil Ecol. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 61 SI SI BP 69 EP 75 DI 10.1016/j.apsoil.2012.05.007 PG 7 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 020DT UT WOS:000309789700009 ER PT J AU King, DJ Cooperman, A Dieckmann, J Brodrick, J AF King, Darrell J. Cooperman, Alissa Dieckmann, John Brodrick, James TI Induction or PM Motors SO ASHRAE JOURNAL LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [King, Darrell J.; Cooperman, Alissa; Dieckmann, John] TIAX LLC, Mech Syst Grp, Lexington, MA USA. [Brodrick, James] US DOE, Bldg Technol Program, Washington, DC USA. RP King, DJ (reprint author), TIAX LLC, Mech Syst Grp, Lexington, MA USA. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC HEATING REFRIGERATING AIR-CONDITIONING ENG, INC, PI ATLANTA PA 1791 TULLIE CIRCLE NE, ATLANTA, GA 30329 USA SN 0001-2491 J9 ASHRAE J JI ASHRAE J. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 54 IS 10 BP 81 EP + PG 4 WC Thermodynamics; Construction & Building Technology; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Construction & Building Technology; Engineering GA 024HG UT WOS:000310099700013 ER PT J AU Alamo-Martinez, KA West, MJ Blakeslee, JP Gonzalez-Lopezlira, RA Jordan, A Gregg, M Cote, P Drinkwater, MJ van den Bergh, S AF Alamo-Martinez, K. A. West, M. J. Blakeslee, J. P. Gonzalez-Lopezlira, R. A. Jordan, A. Gregg, M. Cote, P. Drinkwater, M. J. van den Bergh, S. TI Globular cluster systems in fossil groups: NGC 6482, NGC 1132, and ESO 306-017 SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE galaxies: elliptical and lenticular, cD; galaxies: star clusters: general; galaxies: groups: general; galaxies: individual: NGC 6482; galaxies: individual: NGC 1132; galaxies: individual: ESO 306-017 ID EARLY-TYPE GALAXIES; ELLIPTIC GALAXIES; LUMINOSITY FUNCTION; COLOR DISTRIBUTIONS; X-RAY; METALLICITY DISTRIBUTION; MILLENNIUM SIMULATION; SCALING RELATIONS; CCD PHOTOMETRY; LOCAL GROUP AB We study the globular cluster (GC) systems in three representative fossil group galaxies: the nearest (NGC 6482), the prototype (NGC 1132) and the most massive known to date (ESO 306-017). This is the first systematic study of GC systems in fossil groups. Using data obtained with the Hubble Space Telescope Advanced Camera for Surveys in the F475W and F850LP filters, we determine the GC color and magnitude distributions, surface number density profiles, and specific frequencies. In all three systems, the GC color distribution is bimodal, the GCs are spatially more extended than the starlight, and the red population is more concentrated than the blue. The specific frequencies seem to scale with the optical luminosities of the central galaxy and span a range similar to that of the normal bright elliptical galaxies in rich environments. We also analyze the galaxy surface brightness distributions to look for deviations from the best-fit Sersic profiles; we find evidence of recent dynamical interaction in all three fossil group galaxies. Using X-ray data from the literature, we find that luminosity and metallicity appear to correlate with the number of GCs and their mean color, respectively. Interestingly, although NGC 6482 has the lowest mass and luminosity in our sample, its GC system has the reddest mean color, and the surrounding X-ray gas has the highest metallicity. C1 [Alamo-Martinez, K. A.; West, M. J.] European So Observ, Santiago, Chile. [Alamo-Martinez, K. A.; Gonzalez-Lopezlira, R. A.] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Ctr Radioastron & Astrofis, Morelia 58090, Michoacan, Mexico. [Blakeslee, J. P.; Cote, P.; van den Bergh, S.] Natl Res Council Canada, Herzberg Inst Astrophys, Domin Astrophys Observ, Victoria, BC V9E 2E7, Canada. [Jordan, A.] Pontificia Univ Catolica Chile, Dept Astron & Astrofis, Santiago 7820436, Chile. [Gregg, M.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Phys, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Gregg, M.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Inst Geophys & Planetary Phys, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Drinkwater, M. J.] Univ Queensland, Sch Math & Phys, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia. [Gonzalez-Lopezlira, R. A.] Argelander Inst Astron, D-53121 Bonn, Germany. RP Alamo-Martinez, KA (reprint author), European So Observ, Alonso de Cordova 3107, Santiago, Chile. EM k.alamo@crya.unam.mx RI Drinkwater, Michael/A-2201-2008; OI Drinkwater, Michael/0000-0003-4867-0022; Jordan, Andres/0000-0002-5389-3944; Blakeslee, John/0000-0002-5213-3548 FU NASA [NAS 5-26555]; NASA from the Space Telescope Science Institute [10558]; Ministry of Economy ICM Nucleus [P07-021-F]; Anillo [ACT-086]; BASAL [CATA PFB-06]; ESO; CONACyT (Mexico) FX Based on observations made with the NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope, obtained at the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under NASA contract NAS 5-26555. These observations are associated with program # 10558.; We thank the anonymous referee for his/her helpful comments and suggestions that helped to improve the clarity of the manuscript. A.J. acknowledges support from Ministry of Economy ICM Nucleus P07-021-F, Anillo ACT-086 and BASAL CATA PFB-06. K. A. A.-M. acknowledges the support of ESO through a studenship and CONACyT (Mexico). Support for program #10558 was provided by NASA through a grant from the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under NASA contract NAS 5-26555. NR 92 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 2 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 0004-6361 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS JI Astron. Astrophys. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 546 AR A15 DI 10.1051/0004-6361/201219285 PG 14 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 027JT UT WOS:000310349100015 ER PT J AU Filgas, R Greiner, J Schady, P Postigo, AD Oates, SR Nardini, M Kruhler, T Panaitescu, A Kann, DA Klose, S Afonso, PMJ Allen, WH Castro-Tirado, AJ Christie, GW Dong, S Elliott, J Natusch, T Guelbenzu, AN Olivares, EF Rau, A Rossi, A Sudilovsky, V Yock, PCM AF Filgas, R. Greiner, J. Schady, P. de Ugarte Postigo, A. Oates, S. R. Nardini, M. Kruhler, T. Panaitescu, A. Kann, D. A. Klose, S. Afonso, P. M. J. Allen, W. H. Castro-Tirado, A. J. Christie, G. W. Dong, S. Elliott, J. Natusch, T. Guelbenzu, A. Nicuesa Olivares, F. E. Rau, A. Rossi, A. Sudilovsky, V. Yock, P. C. M. TI GRB 091029: at the limit of the fireball scenario SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE gamma rays: ISM; gamma-ray burst: individual: GRB 091029; ISM: jets and outflows; X-rays: individuals: GRB 091029 ID GAMMA-RAY BURST; EARLY OPTICAL-EMISSION; CONTINUOUS ENERGY INJECTION; AFTERGLOW LIGHT CURVES; DENSITY-JUMP MEDIUM; 28 FEBRUARY 1997; 2-COMPONENT JET; REFRESHED SHOCKS; HOST GALAXIES; TELESCOPE AB Aims. Using high-quality, broad-band afterglow data for GRB 091029, we test the validity of the forward-shock model for gamma-ray burst afterglows. Methods. We used multi-wavelength (NIR to X-ray) follow-up observations obtained with the GROND, BOOTES-3/YA and Stardome optical ground-based telescopes, and the UVOT and the XRT onboard the Swift satellite. The resulting data of excellent accuracy allow us to construct a multi-wavelength light curve with relative photometric errors as low as 1%, as well as the well-sampled spectral energy distribution covering 5 decades in energy. Results. The optical/NIR and the X-ray light curves of the afterglow of GRB 091029 are almost totally decoupled. The X-ray light curve shows a shallow rise with a peak at similar to 7 ks and a decay slope of alpha similar to 1.2 afterwards, while the optical/NIR light curve shows a much steeper early rise with a peak around 400 s, followed by a shallow decay with temporal index of alpha similar to 0.6, a bump and a steepening of the decay afterwards. The optical/NIR spectral index decreases gradually by over 0.3 before this bump, and then slowly increases again, while the X-ray spectral index remains constant throughout the observations. Conclusions. To explain the decoupled light curves in the X-ray and optical/NIR domains, a two-component outflow is proposed. Several models are tested, including continuous energy injection, components with different electron energy indices and components in two different stages of spectral evolution. Only the last model can explain both the decoupled light curves with asynchronous peaks and the peculiar SED evolution. However, this model has so many unknown free parameters that we are unable to reliably confirm or disprove its validity, making the afterglow of GRB 091029 difficult to explain in the framework of the simplest fireball model. This conclusion provides evidence that a scenario beyond the simplistic assumptions is needed to be able to model the growing number of well-sampled afterglow light curves. C1 [Filgas, R.; Greiner, J.; Schady, P.; Nardini, M.; Kruhler, T.; Kann, D. A.; Afonso, P. M. J.; Elliott, J.; Olivares, F. E.; Rau, A.; Sudilovsky, V.] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Filgas, R.] Czech Tech Univ, Inst Expt & Appl Phys, Prague 12800, Czech Republic. [de Ugarte Postigo, A.; Castro-Tirado, A. J.] IAA CSIC, Granada 18008, Spain. [de Ugarte Postigo, A.; Kruhler, T.] Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, Dark Cosmol Ctr, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark. [Oates, S. R.] Univ Coll London, Mullard Space Sci Lab, Dorking RH5 6NT, Surrey, England. [Nardini, M.] Univ Milano Bicocca, I-20126 Milan, Italy. [Kruhler, T.; Kann, D. A.] Tech Univ Munich, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Panaitescu, A.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Kann, D. A.; Klose, S.; Guelbenzu, A. Nicuesa; Rossi, A.] Thuringer Landessternwarte Tautenburg, D-07778 Tautenburg, Germany. [Allen, W. H.] Vintage Lane Observ, Blenheim, New Zealand. [Christie, G. W.] Auckland Observ, Auckland, New Zealand. [Dong, S.] Inst Adv Study, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA. [Natusch, T.] AUT Univ, Auckland, New Zealand. [Yock, P. C. M.] Univ Auckland, Dept Phys, Auckland, New Zealand. RP Filgas, R (reprint author), Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, Giessenbachstr 1, D-85748 Garching, Germany. EM filgas@mpe.mpg.de RI Rossi, Andrea/N-4674-2015; OI Rossi, Andrea/0000-0002-8860-6538; Castro-Tirado, A. J./0000-0003-2999-3563; de Ugarte Postigo, Antonio/0000-0001-7717-5085; Kruehler, Thomas/0000-0002-8682-2384 FU DFG cluster of excellence Origin and Structure of the Universe; European Commission under the Marie Curie Intra-European Fellowship Programme; Danish National Research Foundation; Deutscher Akademischer Austausch-Dienst (DAAD); DFG [Kl 766/16-1, SA 2001/2-1, HA 1850/28-1]; Jenaer Graduiertenakademie; MPE; UK Space Agency; NASA through the Sagan Fellowship Program; Spanish Ministry [AYA 2009-14000-C03-01]; FEDER Funds FX We thank the anonymous referee for constructive comments that helped to improve the paper. T. K. and D. A. K. acknowledge support by the DFG cluster of excellence Origin and Structure of the Universe. T. K. acknowledges support by the European Commission under the Marie Curie Intra-European Fellowship Programme. The Dark Cosmology Centre is funded by the Danish National Research Foundation. FOE acknowledges funding of his Ph.D. through the Deutscher Akademischer Austausch-Dienst (DAAD). S. K., A. R., D. A. K. and A. N. G. acknowledge support by DFG grant Kl 766/16-1. A. R. acknowledges support from the Jenaer Graduiertenakademie. M. N. and PS acknowledge support by DFG grant SA 2001/2-1. A. N. G., D. A. K. and A. R. are grateful for travel funding support through MPE. S. R. O. acknowledges support from the UK Space Agency. Work by SD was performed under contract with the California Institute of Technology (Caltech) funded by NASA through the Sagan Fellowship Program. We acknowledge support from the Spanish Ministry through project AYA 2009-14000-C03-01 (including FEDER Funds). GROND: Part of the funding for GROND (both hardware as well as personnel) was generously granted from the Leibniz-Prize to Prof. G. Hasinger (DFG grant HA 1850/28-1). Swift: this work made use of data supplied by the UK Swift Science Data Centre at the University of Leicester. NR 104 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 3 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 0004-6361 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS JI Astron. Astrophys. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 546 AR A101 DI 10.1051/0004-6361/201219583 PG 10 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 027JT UT WOS:000310349100101 ER PT J AU Sukhov, VY Solin, LM Kudelin, BK Jakovlev, VA Pokrovski, JG Gromova, EA Cirlin, VA Kalinin, VA Fisher, DR Quinn, TP Moore, HA AF Sukhov, V. Y. Solin, L. M. Kudelin, B. K. Jakovlev, V. A. Pokrovski, J. G. Gromova, E. A. Cirlin, V. A. Kalinin, V. A. Fisher, D. R. Quinn, T. P. Moore, H. A. TI 203Pb/212Pb-Labeled-Melanocyte-Stimulating Hormone Peptide as Theranostics Agent for Malignant Melanoma SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE AND MOLECULAR IMAGING LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 25th Annual Congress of the European-Association-of-Nuclear-Medicine (EANM) CY OCT 27-31, 2012 CL Milan, ITALY SP European Assoc Nucl Med (EANM) C1 [Sukhov, V. Y.] SM Kirov Mil Med Acad, St Petersburg, Russia. [Solin, L. M.; Kudelin, B. K.; Jakovlev, V. A.; Pokrovski, J. G.; Gromova, E. A.; Cirlin, V. A.; Kalinin, V. A.] VG Khlopin Radium Inst, St Petersburg 197022, Russia. [Fisher, D. R.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Quinn, T. P.] Univ Missouri, Columbia, MO USA. [Moore, H. A.] AlphaMed Inc, Sheldonville, MA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1619-7070 J9 EUR J NUCL MED MOL I JI Eur. J. Nucl. Med. Mol. Imaging PD OCT PY 2012 VL 39 SU 2 MA OP435 BP S241 EP S241 PG 1 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 019GW UT WOS:000309726600315 ER PT J AU Haselman, MD Pasko, J Hauck, S Lewellen, TK Miyaoka, RS AF Haselman, M. D. Pasko, J. Hauck, S. Lewellen, T. K. Miyaoka, R. S. TI FPGA-Based Pulse Pile-Up Correction With Energy and Timing Recovery SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Digital signal processing; field programmable gate arrays; imaging; integrated circuits; nuclear medicine; parameter estimation; positron emission tomography; signal analysis; time of arrival estimation ID POSITRON-EMISSION-TOMOGRAPHY AB Modern field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) are capable of performing complex discrete signal processing algorithms with clock rates well above 100 MHz. This, combined with FPGA's low expense, ease of use, and selected dedicated hardware make them an ideal technology for a data acquisition system for a positron emission tomography (PET) scanner. The University of Washington is producing a high-resolution, small-animal PET scanner that utilizes FPGAs as the core of the front-end electronics. For this scanner, functions that are typically performed in dedicated circuits, or offline, are being migrated to the FPGA. This will not only simplify the electronics, but the features of modern FPGAs can be utilized to add significant signal processing power to produce higher quality images. In this paper we report on an all-digital pulse pile-up correction algorithm that has been developed for the FPGA. The pile-up mitigation algorithm will allow the scanner to run at higher count rates without incurring large data losses due to the overlapping of scintillation signals. This correction technique utilizes a reference pulse to extract timing and energy information for most pile-up events. Using pulses acquired from a Zecotech Photonics MAPD-N with an LFS-3 scintillator, we show that good timing and energy information can be achieved in the presence of pile-up utilizing a moderate amount of FPGA resources. C1 [Haselman, M. D.] Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Pasko, J.; Hauck, S.] Univ Washington, Dept Elect Engn, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Lewellen, T. K.; Miyaoka, R. S.] Univ Washington, Dept Radiol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Haselman, MD (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM mhaselm@sandia.gov; jpasko@ee.wash-ington.edu; hauck@ee.washington.edu; tkldog@u.wash-ington.edu; rmiyaoka@u.washington.edu FU DOE [DE-FG02-05ER15709]; Zecotech; Altera; NIH [EB002117] FX Manuscript received January 11, 2012; revised May 24, 2012; accepted June 18, 2012. Date of publication August 17, 2012; date of current version October 09, 2012. This work was supported in part by DOE grant DE-FG02-05ER15709, Zecotech, Altera, and NIH grant EB002117. NR 13 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 11 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 59 IS 5 BP 1823 EP 1830 DI 10.1109/TNS.2012.2207403 PN 1 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 024WY UT WOS:000310142800006 ER PT J AU Maramraju, SH Smith, SD Rescia, S Stoll, S Budassi, M Vaska, P Woody, C Schlyer, D AF Maramraju, Sri Harsha Smith, S. David Rescia, Sergio Stoll, Sean Budassi, Michael Vaska, Paul Woody, Craig Schlyer, David TI Electromagnetic Interactions in a Shielded PET/MRI System for Simultaneous PET/MR Imaging in 9.4 T: Evaluation and Results SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Electromagnetic interactions; magnetic resonance imaging (MRI); MR-PET; mutual interference; PET/MRI; positron emission tomography (PET); shielding ID POSITRON-EMISSION-TOMOGRAPHY; PERFORMANCE EVALUATION; MRI; SCANNER; RATCAP; DETECTOR; ACQUISITION AB We previously integrated a magnetic resonance(MR-) compatible small-animal positron emission tomograph (PET) in a Bruker 9.4 T microMRI system to obtain simultaneous PET/MR images of a rat's brain and of a gated mouse-heart. To minimize electromagnetic interactions in our MR-PET system, viz., the effect of radiofrequency (RF) pulses on the PET, we tested our modular front-end PET electronics with various shield configurations, including a solid aluminum shield and one of thin segmented layers of copper. We noted that the gradient-echo RF pulses did not affect PET data when the PET electronics were shielded with either the aluminum-or the segmented copper-shields. However, there were spurious counts in the PET data resulting from high-intensity fast spin-echo RF pulses. Compared to the unshielded condition, they were attenuated effectively by the aluminum shield (similar to 97%) and the segmented copper shield (similar to 90%). We noted a decline in the noise rates as a function of increasing PET energy-discriminator threshold. In addition, we observed a notable decrease in the signal-to-noise ratio in spin-echo MR images with the segmented copper shields in place; however, this did not substantially degrade the quality of the MR images we obtained. Our results demonstrate that by surrounding a compact PET scanner with thin layers of segmented copper shields and integrating it inside a 9.4 T MR system, we can mitigate the impact of the RF on PET, while acquiring good-quality MR images. C1 [Maramraju, Sri Harsha; Budassi, Michael; Vaska, Paul] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Biomed Engn, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. [Smith, S. David; Rescia, Sergio; Stoll, Sean; Vaska, Paul; Woody, Craig; Schlyer, David] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Maramraju, SH (reprint author), GE Healthcare, Waukesha, WI 53188 USA. EM sriharsha.maramraju@ge.com FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-98CH10886]; State University of New York at Stony Brook FX Manuscript received December 06, 2011; revised April 27, 2012; accepted June 18, 2012. Date of publication August 28, 2012; date of current version October 09, 2012. This research was carried out at Brookhaven National Laboratory under contract DE-AC02-98CH10886 with the U.S. Department of Energy as collaboration between BNL and the State University of New York at Stony Brook. NR 23 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 8 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 59 IS 5 BP 1892 EP 1899 DI 10.1109/TNS.2012.2205705 PN 1 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 024WY UT WOS:000310142800015 ER PT J AU Moses, WW Bizarri, GA Williams, RT Payne, SA Vasil'ev, AN Singh, J Li, Q Grim, JQ Choong, WS AF Moses, W. W. Bizarri, G. A. Williams, R. T. Payne, S. A. Vasil'ev, A. N. Singh, J. Li, Q. Grim, J. Q. Choong, W. -S. TI The Origins of Scintillator Non-Proportionality SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Electron response; non-proportionality; photon response; scintillation mechanisms; scintillators ID LIGHT YIELD NONPROPORTIONALITY; MEASURED ELECTRON RESPONSE; ENERGY RESOLUTION; HOLE PAIRS; X-RAYS; CSI; NONLINEARITY; NAI(TL); CSI(TL); TEMPERATURE AB Recent years have seen significant advances in both theoretically understanding and mathematically modeling the underlying causes of scintillator non-proportionality. The core cause is that the interaction of radiation with matter invariably leads to a non-uniform ionization density in the scintillator, coupled with the fact that the light yield depends on the ionization density. The mechanisms that lead to the luminescence dependence on ionization density are incompletely understood, but several important features have been identified, notably Auger-like processes (where two carriers of excitation interact with each other, causing one to de-excite non-radiatively), the inability of excitation carriers to recombine (caused either by trapping or physical separation), and the carrier mobility. This paper reviews the present understanding of the fundamental origins of scintillator non-proportionality, specifically the various theories that have been used to explain non-proportionality. C1 [Moses, W. W.; Bizarri, G. A.; Choong, W. -S.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Williams, R. T.; Li, Q.; Grim, J. Q.] Wake Forest Univ, Winston Salem, NC 27109 USA. [Payne, S. A.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. [Vasil'ev, A. N.] Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Skobeltsyn Inst Nucl Phys, Moscow 119991, Russia. [Singh, J.] Charles Darwin Univ, Darwin, NT 0909, Australia. RP Moses, WW (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM ww-moses@lbl.gov; gabizarri@lbl.gov; williams@wfu.edu; payne3@llnl.gov; anvasiliev@rambler.ru; jai.singh@cdu.edu.au RI Vasil'ev, Andrey/E-4350-2012; Li, Qi/D-3188-2014 OI Vasil'ev, Andrey/0000-0002-7493-7619; Li, Qi/0000-0001-5699-9843 FU National Nuclear Security Administration; Office of Defense Nuclear Nonproliferation; Office of Nuclear Nonproliferation Research and Engineering (NA-22) of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; U.S. Department of Energy by University of California, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344]; Domestic Nuclear Detection Office of the Department of Homeland Security FX This work is supported in part by the National Nuclear Security Administration, the Office of Defense Nuclear Nonproliferation, the Office of Nuclear Nonproliferation Research and Engineering (NA-22) of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231, and in part under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by University of California, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344, and by the Domestic Nuclear Detection Office of the Department of Homeland Security. NR 67 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 4 U2 42 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 59 IS 5 BP 2038 EP 2044 DI 10.1109/TNS.2012.2186463 PN 2 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 024XC UT WOS:000310143300001 ER PT J AU Martin, T Douissard, PA Seeley, Z Cherepy, N Payne, S Mathieu, E Schuladen, J AF Martin, Thierry Douissard, Paul-Antoine Seeley, Zachary Cherepy, Nerine Payne, Stephen Mathieu, Eric Schuladen, Jan TI New High Stopping Power Thin Scintillators Based on Lu2O3 and Lu3Ga5-xInxO12 for High Resolution X-ray Imaging SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Lu2O3:Eu, Lu3Ga5-xInxO12:Eu; high-resolution; X-ray imaging AB X-ray computed tomography devices and X-ray diffraction techniques are powerful tools: the former provide volumetric data of samples during a non-destructive examination for biology and material science, and the latter measure grain orientation and strain, as well as crystalline phase identification and structure refinement. Today, the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF) provides increasingly higher energy beams, up to 150 keV combined with higher brilliance (10(13) X-ray photons/sec). This means that detectors suffer from low X-ray absorption at high spatial resolution (1-10 mu m) and from radiation damage in tomography and diffraction applications. In addition, more and more experiments in medicine require the absorbed dose by the sample to be reduced. In this context, more efficient scintillators are developed and evaluated at the ESRF. In order to perform sub-micrometer and micrometer resolution imaging scintillators 1 mu m to 500 mu m thin are required. Single Crystal Film scintillators (SCF), 1 mu m to 100 mu m can be obtained via Liquid Phase Epitaxy for sub-micrometer resolution. Transparent ceramics, 100 mu m to 500 mu m thick are promising candidates for X-ray imaging requiring high X-ray absorption and good contrast with micrometer resolution. Commonly available scintillators, such as CdWO4 and YAG:Ce suffer from low efficiency, therefore new scintillators with higher light yield and stopping-power are required. A first test was carried out to evaluate an Europium doped Lutetium Oxide ceramic for micrometer resolution and new SCFs of Lu3Ga5-xInxO12 : Eu for sub-micrometer resolution are investigated. Performance of Lu2O3 and LuInGG, i.e absorption, light yield, afterglow, spatial resolution will be presented and compared to standard screens (YAG, GGG). First results will be illustrated with X-ray images and will demonstrate the absorption efficiency improvement at high spatial resolution. C1 [Martin, Thierry; Douissard, Paul-Antoine; Mathieu, Eric; Schuladen, Jan] European Synchrotron Radiat Facil, F-38043 Grenoble, France. [Seeley, Zachary; Cherepy, Nerine; Payne, Stephen] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Martin, T (reprint author), European Synchrotron Radiat Facil, BP 220, F-38043 Grenoble, France. EM tmartin@esrf.fr; cherepy1@llnl.gov RI Cherepy, Nerine/F-6176-2013; OI Cherepy, Nerine/0000-0001-8561-923X; Schuladen, Jan/0000-0001-7363-6294 NR 17 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 35 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 59 IS 5 BP 2269 EP 2274 DI 10.1109/TNS.2012.2189248 PN 2 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 024XC UT WOS:000310143300045 ER PT J AU Zheng, Z Li, N Wang, CQ Li, DY Zhu, YM Wu, G AF Zheng, Zhen Li, Ning Wang, Chun-Qing Li, De-Yu Zhu, Yong-Ming Wu, Gang TI Ni-CeO2 composite cathode material for hydrogen evolution reaction in alkaline electrolyte SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY LA English DT Article DE Ni-CeO2; Composite electrode; CeO2 particles; Hydrogen evolution reaction (HER); Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy ID NI-MO; STORAGE PROPERTIES; INTERACTIVE NATURE; POWDER PARTICLES; P ELECTRODES; ALLOYS; NICKEL; COATINGS; MICROSTRUCTURE; CO AB In this work, nickel-based electrodes were prepared using composite electrodeposition technique in a nickel sulphamate bath containing suspended micro- or nano-sized CeO2 particles. The prepared Ni-CeO2 composite electrodes exhibit an enhanced high catalytic activity toward hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) in alkaline solutions. X-ray diffraction patterns indicated that the CeO2 particles have been successfully incorporated into the Ni matrix and altered the texture coefficient (TC) of the Ni layer. The morphology of the obtained coatings was characterized by Scanning Electron Microscopy, and the CeO2 content was determined by coupled energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry. The thermal stability of the composite electrodes was analyzed by thermogravimetric and differential scanning calorimetry, showing a good thermal stability. The catalytic activity of the composite electrodes for HER was measured by steady-state polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy techniques in 1.0 M NaOH solution at room temperature. The exchange current density of HER on the Ni CeO2 composite electrodes was much higher than that on Ni electrode. EIS results suggested that a synergetic effect on HER may exist between CeO2 particles and Ni matrix. Compared to nano-CeO2, the micro-CeO2 derived composite electrodes showed higher electrochemical activity. The possible correlation among particle size, content and catalytic activity is discussed. Copyright (C) 2012, Hydrogen Energy Publications, LLC. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All. rights reserved. C1 [Zheng, Zhen; Li, Ning; Li, De-Yu] Harbin Inst Technol, Sch Chem Engn & Technol, Harbin 150001, Peoples R China. [Wang, Chun-Qing] Harbin Inst Technol, State Key Lab Adv Welding & Joining, Harbin 150001, Peoples R China. [Zhu, Yong-Ming] Harbin Inst Technol, Fac Appl Chem, Weihai 264209, Peoples R China. [Wu, Gang] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Mat Phys & Applicat Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Li, N (reprint author), Harbin Inst Technol, Sch Chem Engn & Technol, Harbin 150001, Peoples R China. EM lininghit@263.net RI Wu, Gang/E-8536-2010; Wang, Chunqing/I-2588-2012 OI Wu, Gang/0000-0003-4956-5208; Wang, Chunqing/0000-0001-5784-4608 NR 49 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 6 U2 73 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0360-3199 EI 1879-3487 J9 INT J HYDROGEN ENERG JI Int. J. Hydrog. Energy PD OCT PY 2012 VL 37 IS 19 BP 13921 EP 13932 DI 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2012.07.102 PG 12 WC Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels GA 016BZ UT WOS:000309493600003 ER PT J AU Chen, L Kang, QJ He, YL Tao, WQ AF Chen, Li Kang, Qinjun He, Ya-Ling Tao, Wen-Quan TI Pore-scale simulation of coupled multiple physicochemical thermal processes in micro reactor for hydrogen production using lattice Boltzmann method SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY LA English DT Article DE Pore-scale; Coupled multiple physicochemical thermal processes; Lattice Boltzmann method; Micro reactor; Ammonia decomposition reaction; Hydrogen ID MEMBRANE FUEL-CELL; PACKED-BED REACTORS; HEAT-TRANSFER; POROUS-MEDIA; FIXED-BED; EXPERIMENTAL VALIDATION; AMMONIA DECOMPOSITION; MASS-TRANSPORT; FLUID-FLOW; MICROREACTOR AB A general numerical scheme based on the lattice Boltzmann method (LBM) is established to investigate coupled multiple physicochemical thermal processes at the pore-scale, in which several sets of distribution functions are introduced to simulate fluid flow, mass transport, heat transfer and chemical reaction. Interactions among these processes are also considered. The scheme is then employed to study the reactive transport in a posted micro reactor. Specially, ammonia (NH3) decomposition, which can generate hydrogen (H-2) for fuel of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs), is considered where the endothermic decomposition reaction takes place at the surface of posts covered with catalysts. Simulation results show that pore-scale phenomena are well captured and the coupled processes are clearly predicted. Effects of several operating and geometrical conditions including NH3 flow rate, operating temperature, post size, post insert position, post orientation, post arrangement and post orientation on the coupled physicochemical thermal processes are assessed in terms of NH3 conversion, temperature uniformity, H-2 flow rate and subsequent current density generated in PEMFC. Copyright (C) 2012, Hydrogen Energy Publications, LLC. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Chen, Li; Kang, Qinjun] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Computat Earth Sci Grp EES 16, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Chen, Li; He, Ya-Ling; Tao, Wen-Quan] Xi An Jiao Tong Univ, Sch Energy & Power Engn, Key Lab Thermofluid Sci & Engn MOE, Xian 710049, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. RP Kang, QJ (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Computat Earth Sci Grp EES 16, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM qkang@lanl.gov RI Chen, Li/P-4886-2014; Kang, Qinjun/A-2585-2010 OI Chen, Li/0000-0001-7956-3532; Kang, Qinjun/0000-0002-4754-2240 FU National Nature Science Foundation of China [51136004]; UC Lab Fees Research Program [UCD-09-15] FX We thank the National Nature Science Foundation of China (No. 51136004) for the support of this work. Q. Kang is grateful for the support from the UC Lab Fees Research Program (Project UCD-09-15). NR 45 TC 23 Z9 25 U1 4 U2 52 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0360-3199 J9 INT J HYDROGEN ENERG JI Int. J. Hydrog. Energy PD OCT PY 2012 VL 37 IS 19 BP 13943 EP 13957 DI 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2012.07.050 PG 15 WC Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels GA 016BZ UT WOS:000309493600005 ER PT J AU Wang, HL Deutsch, T Welch, A Turner, JA AF Wang, Heli Deutsch, Todd Welch, Adam Turner, John A. TI The stability of illuminated p-GaInP2 semiconductor photoelectrode SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY LA English DT Article DE GaInP2; Stability; Photoelectrochemistry; SEM; XPS ID ELECTROLYTE INTERFACE; AQUEOUS-ELECTROLYTES; HYDROGEN GENERATION; STAINLESS-STEELS; WATER; NITROGEN; BEHAVIOR; FILMS; PHOTOCATALYST; GA0.5IN0.5P AB Thin p-GaInP2 films were tested 24 h in pH1 NH4NO3 solution at AM 1.5 G, and compared to that tested in 3 M H2SO4. Optical, SEM and EDX investigations confirmed that the surface of the tested sample in pH1 NH4NO3 was kept almost as that of an as-received one, while the sample tested in 3M H2SO4 experienced extensive corrosion via selective dissolution of Ga. ICP analysis confirmed the very low dissolution of p-GaInP2 in pH1 NH4NO3 solution, compared to that in 3 M H2SO4. The GaInP2 sample tested in pH1 NH4NO3 solution had an XPS depth profile almost identical to that of an as-grown sample, we speculate that absorbed NH3 on the semiconductor surface could be responsible for the observed corrosion inhibition. Thus, the p-GaInP2 should last much longer when working in pH1 NH4NO3 solution, due to this inhibiting effect. This result shows promise toward meeting US DOE's 2013 goal of 8% STH efficiency for 1000 h duration. Copyright (C) 2012, Hydrogen Energy Publications, LLC. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Wang, Heli; Deutsch, Todd; Welch, Adam; Turner, John A.] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Wang, HL (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, 15013 Denver W Pkwy, Golden, CO 80401 USA. EM heli.wang@nrel.gov OI Deutsch, Todd/0000-0001-6577-1226 FU Fuel Cell Technologies Program of the US Department of Energy FX The authors wish to thank Dr. John Geisz for the GaInP2 sample deposition, Dr. Le Chen for assisting the SEM investigation and Dr. Glenn Teeter for helping with the XPS analysis. This work was supported by the Fuel Cell Technologies Program of the US Department of Energy. NR 34 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 3 U2 43 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0360-3199 J9 INT J HYDROGEN ENERG JI Int. J. Hydrog. Energy PD OCT PY 2012 VL 37 IS 19 BP 14009 EP 14014 DI 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2012.07.052 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels GA 016BZ UT WOS:000309493600011 ER PT J AU Corgnale, C Hardy, BJ Anton, DL AF Corgnale, Claudio Hardy, Bruce J. Anton, Donald L. TI Structural analysis of metal hydride-based hybrid hydrogen storage systems SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY LA English DT Article DE Hydrogen storage; Metal hydride; High pressure; Sensitivity; Performance optimization ID PRESSURE; VESSEL AB Hybrid hydrogen storage systems, which see the adoption of metal hydride materials charged at high pressure, can be a viable method to reach good gravimetric and volumetric capacities under selected conditions, since hydrogen is stored both as element bound to the hydride and as high pressure gas. A general structural model, which can simulate high pressure hybrid storage tanks, has been developed, with the aim of describing the performance of the system under various operating conditions. A baseline case has been simulated, comparing tanks composed of SS316 and IM6 graphite fiber reinforced epoxy composite that contain metal hydride materials that can store weight fractions of bound hydrogen ranging from 2% to 8%. Sensitivity analyses were performed for the baseline studies with the aim of determining the operating conditions that maximize gravimetric and volumetric capacities. Results show that high pressure systems are optimal (in terms of gravimetric and volumetric capacity) for tank materials having low density and a high allowable stress, while a low operating pressure is preferable for high density tank materials, especially when coupled with metal hydrides capable of storing a high weight fraction of bound hydrogen. Copyright (C) 2012, Hydrogen Energy Publications, LLC. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Corgnale, Claudio; Hardy, Bruce J.; Anton, Donald L.] Savannah River Natl Lab, Aiken, SC 29808 USA. RP Hardy, BJ (reprint author), Savannah River Natl Lab, Aiken, SC 29808 USA. EM bruce.hardy@srnl.doe.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy FX This work was performed as part of the DOE Hydrogen Storage Engineering Center of Excellence (HSECoE) with the support of the U.S. Department of Energy acknowledged. The authors wish to tank Drs. T. Wu and LT Gorcyzca for their help in the evaluation of the maximum allowable stress for GREC material. NR 22 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 4 U2 26 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0360-3199 J9 INT J HYDROGEN ENERG JI Int. J. Hydrog. Energy PD OCT PY 2012 VL 37 IS 19 BP 14223 EP 14233 DI 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2012.06.040 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels GA 016BZ UT WOS:000309493600035 ER PT J AU Hua, TQ Ahluwalia, RK AF Hua, T. Q. Ahluwalia, R. K. TI Off-board regeneration of ammonia borane for use as a hydrogen carrier for automotive fuel cells SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY LA English DT Article DE Ammonia borane; On-board hydrogen storage; Off-board regeneration; Hydrazine; WTT efficiency; GHG emissions AB Ammonia borane (AB) is a promising chemical hydrogen storage material because of its high H-2 intrinsic material capacity and the exothermicity of the dehydrogenation reactions. A major technical barrier for AB, however, is in the development of an energyefficient regeneration scheme. This paper examines three promising regeneration schemes that are in various stages of development and verification in the laboratory. The first scheme utilizes a thiol to digest the spent fuel and requires reforming formic acid to close the fuel cycle. The second scheme utilizes an alcohol to digest the spent fuel, but not all steps in the process have been formulated or tested. The third scheme is a single-reactor process that uses hydrazine to regenerate spent AB, but the production of hydrazine from hydrogen is itself not a trivial process. Engineering flowsheets were constructed for each of the three regeneration schemes and the process energy requirements for each scheme were calculated. Additionally, total energy requirements across the entire chain of production, delivery, storage, recovery, and regeneration were evaluated to determine the total cycle well-to-tank energy efficiency and greenhouse gas emissions. The well-to-tank efficiency ranges from a low of 8% in one version of the third regeneration scheme to as high as 37% in the second scheme if the missing process steps were to have no impact on efficiency. The estimated greenhouse gas emissions are between 20 and 100 kg CO2-equivalent per kg H-2 delivered to the vehicle. Copyright (c) 2012, Hydrogen Energy Publications, LLC. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Hua, T. Q.; Ahluwalia, R. K.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Hua, TQ (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM hua@anl.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy's Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy; UChicago Argonne, LLC [DEAC02-06CH11357] FX This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy's Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy. Ms. Grace Ordaz of the Office of Fuel Cell Technologies was the Technology Development Manager for this study. The authors thank Dr. Kevin Ott of Los Alamos National Laboratory and Dr. Don Camaioni of Pacific Northwest National Laboratory for many helpful discussions. Argonne National Laboratory, a U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science laboratory, is operated by UChicago Argonne, LLC, under Contract No. DEAC02-06CH11357. NR 22 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 2 U2 43 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0360-3199 J9 INT J HYDROGEN ENERG JI Int. J. Hydrog. Energy PD OCT PY 2012 VL 37 IS 19 BP 14382 EP 14392 DI 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2012.07.013 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels GA 016BZ UT WOS:000309493600054 ER PT J AU Papadias, DD Lee, SHD Ahmed, S AF Papadias, Dionissios D. Lee, Sheldon H. D. Ahmed, Shabbir TI Facilitating analysis of trace impurities in hydrogen: Enrichment based on the principles of pressure swing adsorption SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY LA English DT Article DE Hydrogen quality; Trace contaminants; Analytical methods; Impurity enrichment; Pressure-swing adsorption ID ELECTROLYTE FUEL-CELLS; ACTIVATED CARBON; PERFORMANCE; MIXTURES; NITROGEN; EQUILIBRIA; METHANE; BINARY; CO2 AB A laboratory-scale gas sampling and impurity enrichment device (GSIED) based on the principles of pressure swing adsorption (PSA) has been designed, fabricated, and tested to show that such a device provides an effective method to enrich trace impurity species in hydrogen by a factor of 10 or more. With the availability of a high pressure sample gas at the hydrogen refueling stations, the device uses only a pressure sequence to enrich the impurities without need of a temperature cycle. Enrichment of the impurities allows the use of simpler and less expensive analytical instruments for hydrogen quality monitoring and certification purposes. A series of experiments was conducted using activated carbon as the PSA sorbent for impurity enrichment in a hydrogen gas containing N-2, CO, CH4, and CO2. The enrichment factor varied for the different species according to their affinity of adsorption. The measured impurity enrichment factors agreed well with theoretical analyses, and are functions of the pressure ratio (adsorption/desorption pressures) and adsorption affinity relative to hydrogen (selectivity). Depending on the species of interest and the volume of the enriched sample needed for analysis, the device can be designed to enrich the impurities in hydrogen in 40 min or less. Copyright (C) 2012, Hydrogen Energy Publications, LLC. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Papadias, Dionissios D.; Lee, Sheldon H. D.; Ahmed, Shabbir] Argonne Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Engn Div, Lemont, IL 60439 USA. RP Papadias, DD (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Engn Div, 9700 S Cass Ave, Lemont, IL 60439 USA. EM papadias@anl.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy; U.S. Department of Energy by UChicago Argonne, LLC [DE-AC-02-06CH11357] FX This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy's Vehicle Technologies and Fuel Cell Technologies Program Offices. Argonne National Laboratory is managed for the U.S. Department of Energy by UChicago Argonne, LLC, under contract DE-AC-02-06CH11357. NR 23 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 8 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0360-3199 J9 INT J HYDROGEN ENERG JI Int. J. Hydrog. Energy PD OCT PY 2012 VL 37 IS 19 BP 14413 EP 14426 DI 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2012.07.057 PG 14 WC Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels GA 016BZ UT WOS:000309493600057 ER PT J AU Sekhar, PK Brosha, EL Mukundan, R Mekonen, H Farber, B Kreller, C Garzon, FH AF Sekhar, Praveen K. Brosha, Eric. L. Mukundan, Rangachary Mekonen, Hanna Farber, Boris Kreller, Cortney Garzon, Fernando H. TI Packaging and testing of a hydrogen safety sensor prototype SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY LA English DT Article DE Hydrogen; Electrochemical sensor; Mixed potential; Packaging; Pulsed discharge technique ID ELECTROCHEMICAL SENSORS AB In this article, testing of an electrochemical, potentiometric hydrogen safety sensor is reported within a proposed packaging scheme. Device packaging under static and flow testing conditions are presented. During the static volume sensor testing, the sensors response is compared against a calibrated Gas Chromatography (GC) measurement. Also, a commercial H-2 sensor is incorporated into the test chamber to act as a benchmark for the sensor prototype. In the testing phase, H-2 selectivity is demonstrated using pulsed discharge technique. The packaging schemes for static and flow condition testing permit easy handling and exchange of the laboratory prototype sensors with other agencies for independent testing/performance validation. Upon testing, for a fixed inlet concentration of 2% (20,000 pp.m) H-2 and within the duration of the typical experiment conducted within a non-sealed test chamber, the sensor sees only around 6200 ppm as confirmed by the GC measurements. The sensitivity is around 105 mV for 6200 ppm of H-2. While a logarithmic correlation of the sensor output with H-2 concentration is observed in laboratory based H-2 sensor, the commercial device suffered from an elevated baseline (due to reduced barometric pressure conditions of 2195 m elevation), humidity and uncorrelated sensor output for different H-2 concentrations. The pulsed discharge scheme for achieving hydrogen selectivity holds a great potential for tackling cross-sensitivity problems that affect many H-2 sensor technologies. Copyright (C) 2012, Hydrogen Energy Publications, LLC. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Sekhar, Praveen K.; Mekonen, Hanna] Washington State Univ, Sch Engn & Comp Sci, Nanomat & Sensor Lab, Vancouver, WA 98686 USA. [Brosha, Eric. L.; Mukundan, Rangachary; Kreller, Cortney; Garzon, Fernando H.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Sensors & Electrochem Devices Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Farber, Boris] BJR Sensors, Solon, OH 44139 USA. RP Sekhar, PK (reprint author), 14204 NE Salmon Creek Ave,VECS 201 W, Vancouver, WA 98686 USA. EM praveen.sekhar@vancouver.wsu.edu OI Kreller, Cortney/0000-0003-2180-2494; Mukundan, Rangachary/0000-0002-5679-3930 FU DOE Hydrogen Fuel Cell and Infrastructure Programs; DOE Hydrogen Safety Codes and Standards Program FX The authors would like to acknowledge the DOE Hydrogen Fuel Cell and Infrastructure Programs, Hydrogen Safety Codes and Standards Program provided funding for this sensor work. NR 14 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 2 U2 13 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0360-3199 J9 INT J HYDROGEN ENERG JI Int. J. Hydrog. Energy PD OCT PY 2012 VL 37 IS 19 BP 14707 EP 14713 DI 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2012.07.051 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels GA 016BZ UT WOS:000309493600088 ER PT J AU Loshaj, F Kharzeev, DE AF Loshaj, Frasher Kharzeev, Dmitri E. TI LPM EFFECT AS THE ORIGIN OF JET FRAGMENTATION SCALING IN HEAVY ION COLLISIONS SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MODERN PHYSICS E-NUCLEAR PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Jet fragmentation; jet energy loss; quark-gluon plasma; Schwinger model ID RADIATIVE ENERGY-LOSS; QUARK CONFINEMENT; SCHWINGER MODEL; MOMENTUM AB We address a recent puzzling result from the LHC: the jet fragmentation functions measured in Pb-Pb and p p collisions appear very similar in spite of a large medium-induced energy loss (we will call this jet fragmentation scaling (JFS)). To model the real-time nonperturbative effects in the propagation of a high energy jet through the strongly coupled QCD matter, we adopt an effective dimensionally reduced description in terms of the (1 + 1) quasi-Abelian-Schwinger theory. This theory is exactly soluble at any value of the coupling and shares with QCD the properties of dynamical generation of "mesons" with a finite mass and the screening of "quark" charge that are crucial for describing the transition of the jet into hadrons. We find that this approach describes quite well the vacuum jet fragmentation in e(+)e(-) annihilation at z >= 0.2 at jet energies in the range of the LHC heavy ion measurements (z is the ratio of hadron and jet momenta). In QCD medium, we find that the JFS is reproduced if the mean free path lambda of the jet is short, lambda <= 0.3 fm, which is in accord with the small shear viscosity inferred from the measurements of the collective flow. The JFS holds since at short mean free path the quantum interference (analogous to the Landau-Pomeranchuk-Migdal (LPM) effect in QED) causes the produced mesons to have low momenta p similar to m, where m similar or equal to 0.6 GeV is the typical meson mass. Meanwhile the induced jet energy loss at short mean free path is much larger than naively expected in string models. C1 [Loshaj, Frasher; Kharzeev, Dmitri E.] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. [Kharzeev, Dmitri E.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Kharzeev, DE (reprint author), SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. EM Dmitri.Kharzeev@stonybrook.edu FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-98CH10886, DE-FG-88ER41723] FX We are grateful to Wit Busza and Yuri Dokshitzer for useful discussions. This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract Nos. DE-AC02-98CH10886 and DE-FG-88ER41723. NR 28 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 3 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA 5 TOH TUCK LINK, SINGAPORE 596224, SINGAPORE SN 0218-3013 J9 INT J MOD PHYS E JI Int. J. Mod. Phys. E-Nucl. Phys. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 21 IS 10 AR 1250088 DI 10.1142/S0218301312500887 PG 9 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 027XP UT WOS:000310387700009 ER PT J AU Riley, BJ Crum, JV Matyas, J McCloy, JS Lepry, WC AF Riley, Brian J. Crum, Jarrod V. Matyas, Josef McCloy, John S. Lepry, William C. TI Solution-Derived, Chloride-Containing Minerals as a Waste Form for Alkali Chlorides SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; CANCRINITE; SODALITE; IMMOBILIZATION; REFINEMENT; ZEOLITES; CALCIUM; SALT AB Sodalite (Na8(AlSiO4)6Cl2) and cancrinite ((Na,K)6Ca2(AlSiO4)6Cl4) are environmentally stable, chloride-containing minerals that are a logical waste form option for the mixed alkali chloride salt waste stream that is generated from a proposed electrochemical separations process during nuclear fuel reprocessing. Here, we discuss a low-temperature, solution-based process to make these phases where sodalite particles are produced in the form of a fine powder with particle sizes on the order of 110 similar to mu m. Due to the small particle size, these powders require additional treatment to form a monolith. In this study, the powders were pressed into pellets and fired to achieve >90% of the theoretical density of sodalite (2.27 similar to x similar to 10-3 similar to kg/m3). The cancrinite structure, identified as the best candidate mineral form in terms of waste loading capacity, was only produced on a limited basis but was converted to sodalite upon firing. Here, we discuss the specifics of the solution-based approach, the chemical durability of select waste forms as well as the steps taken to maximize the chloride-containing phases, decrease chloride loss during pellet firing, and to increase pellet densities. C1 [Riley, Brian J.; Crum, Jarrod V.; Matyas, Josef; McCloy, John S.; Lepry, William C.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Riley, BJ (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM brian.riley@pnnl.gov RI McCloy, John/D-3630-2013; OI McCloy, John/0000-0001-7476-7771; Riley, Brian/0000-0002-7745-6730 FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Nuclear Energy [DE-AC05-76RL01830] FX Authors would like to thank the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Nuclear Energy for their support of this work under Contract Number DE-AC05-76RL01830. Authors thank J. Bresee and T. Todd for project oversight, J. Buelt and L. Peurrung for PNNL management of this FCRD activity, B. Rieck for help with PCT sample preparations, X. Li for collecting BET measurements, and M. Lindberg for managing the ICP and IC data collection. NR 44 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 9 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0002-7820 J9 J AM CERAM SOC JI J. Am. Ceram. Soc. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 95 IS 10 BP 3115 EP 3123 DI 10.1111/j.1551-2916.2012.05363.x PG 9 WC Materials Science, Ceramics SC Materials Science GA 015MY UT WOS:000309451700018 ER PT J AU Kaneko, TK Thomas, H Bennett, JP Sridhar, S AF Kaneko, Tetsuya K. Thomas, Hugh Bennett, James P. Sridhar, Seetharaman TI Synthetic Coal Slag Infiltration into Varying Refractory Materials SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID VISCOSITY; OXIDE AB The infiltrations of synthetic coal slag into 99%Al2O3, 85%Al2O315%SiO2, and 90%Cr2O310%Al2O3 refractories with a temperature gradient induced along the penetration direction were compared to one another. The infiltrating slag was synthesized with a composition that is representative of an average of the ash contents from U S coal feedstock. Experiments were conducted with a hot-face temperature of 1450 degrees C in a CO/CO2 atmosphere. Minimal penetration was observed in the 90%Cr2O310%Al2O3 material because interactions between the refractory and the slag produced a protective layer of FeCr2O4, which impeded slag flow into the bulk of the refractory. After 5 h, the 99%Al2O3 sample exhibited an average penetration of 12.7 mm whereas the 85%Al2O315%SiO2 sample showed 3.8 mm. Slag infiltrated into the 99%Al2O3 and 85%Al2O315%SiO2 refractory systems by dissolving the respective refractories' matrix materials, which consist of fine Al2O3 particles and an amorphous alumino-silicate phase. Due to enrichment in SiO2, a network-former, infiltration into the 85%Al2O315%SiO2 system yielded a higher viscosity slag and hence, a shallower penetration depth. The results suggest that slag infiltration can be limited by interactions with the refractory through the formation of either a solid layer that physically impedes fluid flow or a more viscous slag that retards infiltration. C1 [Kaneko, Tetsuya K.; Sridhar, Seetharaman] US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. [Kaneko, Tetsuya K.; Sridhar, Seetharaman] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. [Thomas, Hugh; Bennett, James P.] US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Albany, OR 97321 USA. RP Kaneko, TK (reprint author), US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, 626 Cochrans Mill Rd, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. EM tkaneko@andrew.cmu.edu FU National Energy Technology Laboratory [DE-FE0004000.5.671.238.001]; agency of the United States Government FX This technical effort was performed in support of the National Energy Technology Laboratory's ongoing research in Control of Carbon Feedstock and Impact on Gasifier under the RES contract DE-FE0004000.5.671.238.001.; This report was prepared as an account of work sponsored by an agency of the United States Government. Neither the United States Government nor any agency thereof, nor any of their employees, makes any warranty, express or implied, or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States Government or any agency thereof. The views and opinions of authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the United States Government or any agency thereof. NR 20 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 7 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0002-7820 J9 J AM CERAM SOC JI J. Am. Ceram. Soc. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 95 IS 10 BP 3325 EP 3333 DI 10.1111/j.1551-2916.2012.05350.x PG 9 WC Materials Science, Ceramics SC Materials Science GA 015MY UT WOS:000309451700046 ER PT J AU Haring, A Morris, A Hu, M AF Haring, Andrew Morris, Amanda Hu, Michael TI Controlling Morphological Parameters of Anodized Titania Nanotubes for Optimized Solar Energy Applications SO MATERIALS LA English DT Review DE titania; TiO2; nanotube; water oxidation; bulk heterojunction solar cells; dye-sensitized solar cells; photoelectrochemical catalysis ID TIO2 NANOTUBES; PHOTOCATALYTIC ACTIVITY; WATER OXIDATION; ARRAYS; CELLS; ANODIZATION; OXIDE; ELECTROLYTES; EFFICIENCY; DIFFUSION AB Anodized TiO2 nanotubes have received much attention for their use in solar energy applications including water oxidation cells and hybrid solar cells [dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) and bulk heterojuntion solar cells (BHJs)]. High surface area allows for increased dye-adsorption and photon absorption. Titania nanotubes grown by anodization of titanium in fluoride-containing electrolytes are aligned perpendicular to the substrate surface, reducing the electron diffusion path to the external circuit in solar cells. The nanotube morphology can be optimized for the various applications by adjusting the anodization parameters but the optimum crystallinity of the nanotube arrays remains to be realized. In addition to morphology and crystallinity, the method of device fabrication significantly affects photon and electron dynamics and its energy conversion efficiency. This paper provides the state-of-the-art knowledge to achieve experimental tailoring of morphological parameters including nanotube diameter, length, wall thickness, array surface smoothness, and annealing of nanotube arrays. C1 [Haring, Andrew; Morris, Amanda] Virginia Tech, Dept Chem, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Hu, Michael] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Energy & Transportat Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Morris, A (reprint author), Virginia Tech, Dept Chem, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. EM aharing@vt.edu; ajmorris@vt.edu; hum1@ornl.gov RI Morris, Amanda/N-1875-2015; OI Morris, Amanda/0000-0002-3512-0366; Hu, Michael/0000-0001-8461-9684 FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC05-00OR22725]; Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD); SEED Program of Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) FX The authors acknowledge Oak Ridge Associated Universities for the Ralph E. Powe Junior Faculty Enhancement Award and the partial sponsorship by the Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) and SEED Program of Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), managed by UT-Battelle, LLC for the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC05-00OR22725. NR 89 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 3 U2 80 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1996-1944 J9 MATERIALS JI Materials PD OCT PY 2012 VL 5 IS 10 BP 1890 EP 1909 DI 10.3390/ma5101890 PG 20 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 029OI UT WOS:000310504800011 ER PT J AU Karimi, S Cosman, P Wald, C Martz, H AF Karimi, Seemeen Cosman, Pamela Wald, Christoph Martz, Harry TI Segmentation of artifacts and anatomy in CT metal artifact reduction SO MEDICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE metal artifact; computed tomography; image segmentation; sinogram in-painting; beam hardening ID RAY COMPUTED-TOMOGRAPHY; RECONSTRUCTIONS; SUPPRESSION; ALGORITHM AB Purpose: Metal objects present in x-ray computed tomography (CT) scans are accompanied by physical phenomena that render CT projections inconsistent with the linear assumption made for analytical reconstruction. The inconsistencies create artifacts in reconstructed images. Metal artifact reduction algorithms replace the inconsistent projection data passing through metals with estimates of the true underlying projection data, but when the data estimates are inaccurate, secondary artifacts are generated. The secondary artifacts may be as unacceptable as the original metal artifacts; therefore, better projection data estimation is critical. This research uses computer vision techniques to create better estimates of the underlying projection data using observations about the appearance and nature of metal artifacts. Methods: The authors developed a method of estimating underlying projection data through the use of an intermediate image, called the prior image. This method generates the prior image by segmenting regions of the originally reconstructed image, and discriminating between regions that are likely to be metal artifacts and those that are likely to represent anatomical structures. Regions identified as metal artifact are replaced with a constant soft-tissue value, while structures such as bone or air pockets are preserved. This prior image is reprojected (forward projected), and the reprojections guide the estimation of the underlying projection data using previously published interpolation techniques. The algorithm is tested on head CT test cases containing metal implants and compared against existing methods. Results: Using the new method of prior image generation on test images, metal artifacts were eliminated or reduced and fewer secondary artifacts were present than with previous methods. The results apply even in the case of multiple metal objects, which is a challenging problem. The authors did not observe secondary artifacts that were comparable to or worse than the original metal artifacts, as sometimes occurred with the other methods. The accuracy of the prior was found to be more critical than the particular interpolation method. Conclusions: Metals produce predictable artifacts in CT images of the head. Using the new method, metal artifacts can be discriminated from anatomy, and the discrimination can be used to reduce metal artifacts. (C) 2012 American Association of Physicists in Medicine. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1118/1.4749931] C1 [Karimi, Seemeen; Cosman, Pamela] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Wald, Christoph] Lahey Clin Fdn, Dept Radiol, Burlington, MA 01805 USA. [Martz, Harry] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Karimi, S (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. EM seemeen.karimi@gmail.com FU Lawrence Livermore National Laboratories; Department of Homeland Security Science and Technology Directorate FX The authors thank Dr. Xiaoqian Jiang for helpful discussions on clustering. This work was sponsored by the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratories and the Department of Homeland Security Science and Technology Directorate. NR 28 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 18 PU AMER ASSOC PHYSICISTS MEDICINE AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 0094-2405 J9 MED PHYS JI Med. Phys. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 39 IS 10 BP 5857 EP 5868 DI 10.1118/1.4749931 PG 12 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 024IC UT WOS:000310101900007 PM 23039624 ER PT J AU Aitken, JB Antony, S Weekley, CM Lai, B Spiccia, L Harris, HH AF Aitken, Jade B. Antony, Sumy Weekley, Claire M. Lai, Barry Spiccia, Leone Harris, Hugh H. TI Distinct cellular fates for KP1019 and NAMI-A determined by X-ray fluorescence imaging of single cells SO METALLOMICS LA English DT Article ID ANTICANCER DRUGS; RUTHENIUM COMPLEXES; SERUM-ALBUMIN; TUMOR-CELLS; PHASE-I; BINDING; AGENT; CHEMOTHERAPEUTICS; TRANSFERRIN; METASTASIS AB Small molecule ruthenium complexes show great promise as anticancer pharmaceuticals, but further rational development of these as drugs is stymied by an incomplete understanding of the mechanisms that give rise to markedly different biological behaviour for structurally similar species. X-ray fluorescence imaging at two incident energies was used to reveal the intracellular distribution of Ru in single human cells treated with KP1019, showing Ru localised in both cytosol and in the nuclear region. In addition the imaging showed that treatment with KP1019 modulated Fe distribution to resemble the Ru distribution, without affecting cellular Fe content. In stark contrast, Ru could not be visualised in cells treated with NAMI-A, indicating that it was not internalised and supporting the proposition that its activity is exerted through a membrane-binding mechanism. C1 [Antony, Sumy; Weekley, Claire M.; Harris, Hugh H.] Univ Adelaide, Sch Chem & Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia. [Aitken, Jade B.] Univ Sydney, Sch Chem, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. [Aitken, Jade B.] Australian Synchrotron, Clayton, Vic 3168, Australia. [Aitken, Jade B.] KEK, Inst Mat Struct Sci, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050801, Japan. [Antony, Sumy; Spiccia, Leone] Monash Univ, Sch Chem, Clayton, Vic 3800, Australia. [Lai, Barry] Argonne Natl Lab, Xray Sci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Harris, HH (reprint author), Univ Adelaide, Sch Chem & Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia. EM hugh.harris@adelaide.edu.au RI Spiccia, Leone/I-8085-2013; OI Spiccia, Leone/0000-0003-2258-8506; Harris, Hugh/0000-0002-3472-8628 FU Australian Research Council [DP0985807-QEII, DP0984722]; International Synchrotron Access Program (ISAP); Australian Government; USA Dept of Energy, Office of Science [W-31-109-Eng-38] FX The authors thank David Benjafield for his generous assistance in figure preparation. This work was funded by the Australian Research Council (DP0985807-QEII to H.H.H, DP0984722 to H.H.H.) We acknowledge travel funding provided by the International Synchrotron Access Program (ISAP) managed by the Australian Synchrotron and funded by the Australian Government. The use of the Advanced Photon Source was supported by the USA Dept of Energy, Office of Science, under contract no. W-31-109-Eng-38. NR 42 TC 48 Z9 48 U1 6 U2 53 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 1756-5901 J9 METALLOMICS JI Metallomics PD OCT PY 2012 VL 4 IS 10 BP 1051 EP 1056 DI 10.1039/c2mt20072d PG 6 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 024QG UT WOS:000310123100005 PM 22907648 ER PT J AU Vitol, EA Novosad, V Rozhkova, EA AF Vitol, Elina A. Novosad, Valentyn Rozhkova, Elena A. TI Microfabricated magnetic structures for future medicine: from sensors to cell actuators SO NANOMEDICINE LA English DT Review DE cells; ferromagnietic nanoparticles; lithography; microdisks; rnicrofabrication; sensors ID SPIN-VALVE SENSORS; LIVING CELLS; GIANT MAGNETORESISTANCE; BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS; CARBON NANOTUBES; DRUG-DELIVERY; ION CHANNELS; NANOPARTICLES; NANOWIRES; FABRICATION AB In this review, we discuss the prospective medical application of magnetic carriers microfabricated by top-down techniques. Physical methods allow the fabrication of a variety of magnetic structures with tightly controlled magnetic properties and geometry, which makes them very attractive for a cost-efficient mass-production in the fast growing field of ranomedicine. Stand-alone fabricated particles along with integrated devices combining lithographically defined magnetic structures and synthesized magnetic tags will be considered. Applications of microfabricated multifunctional magnetic structures for future medicinal purposes range from ultrasensitive in vitro diagnostic bioassays, DNA sequencing and microfluidic cell sorting to magnetomechanical actuation, cargo delivery, contrast enhancement and heating therapy. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Mat Sci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Nanoscale mat, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Vitol, EA (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Mat Sci Div, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM Evitol@anl.gov; Rozhkova@anl.gov RI Vitol, Elina/G-6395-2012; Novosad, Valentyn/C-2018-2014; Novosad, V /J-4843-2015 FU US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; National Institute of Neurological Disorders And Stroke [R01NS077388] FX The work at Argonne, including use of the Center for Nanoscale Materials, was supported by the US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357, and in part by Grant Number R01NS077388 from the National Institute of Neurological Disorders And Stroke. The authors have no other relevant affiliations or financial involvement with any organization or entity with a financial interest in or financial conflict with the subject matter or materials discussed in the manuscript apart from those disclosed. NR 91 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 80 PU FUTURE MEDICINE LTD PI LONDON PA UNITEC HOUSE, 3RD FLOOR, 2 ALBERT PLACE, FINCHLEY CENTRAL, LONDON, N3 1QB, ENGLAND SN 1743-5889 EI 1748-6963 J9 NANOMEDICINE-UK JI Nanomedicine PD OCT PY 2012 VL 7 IS 10 BP 1611 EP 1624 DI 10.2217/NNM.12.133 PG 14 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 028LU UT WOS:000310424600021 PM 23148542 ER PT J AU Qi, L Haurwitz, RE Shao, WJ Doudna, JA Arkin, AP AF Qi, Lei Haurwitz, Rachel E. Shao, Wenjun Doudna, Jennifer A. Arkin, Adam P. TI RNA processing enables predictable programming of gene expression SO NATURE BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID GREEN FLUORESCENT PROTEIN; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; ANTIVIRAL DEFENSE; CRISPR RNA; NETWORKS; BACTERIA; PATHWAY; PROKARYOTES; MATURATION; REGULATORS AB Complex interactions among genetic components often result in variable systemic performance in designed multigene systems(1,2). Using the bacterial clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR) pathway(3,4) we develop a synthetic RNA-processing platform, and show that efficient and specific cleavage of precursor mRNA enables reliable and predictable regulation of multigene operons. Physical separation of linked genetic elements by CRISPR-mediated cleavage is an effective strategy to achieve assembly of promoters, ribosome binding sites, cis-regulatory elements, and riboregulators into single- and multigene operons with predictable functions in bacteria. We also demonstrate that CRISPR-based RNA cleavage is effective for regulation in bacteria, archaea and eukaryotes. Programmable RNA processing using CRISPR offers a general approach for creating context-free genetic elements and can be readily used in the bottom-up construction of increasingly complex biological systems in a plug-and-play manner. C1 [Qi, Lei; Arkin, Adam P.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Bioengn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Haurwitz, Rachel E.; Shao, Wenjun; Doudna, Jennifer A.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mol & Cell Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Doudna, Jennifer A.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Howard Hughes Med Inst, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Doudna, Jennifer A.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Doudna, Jennifer A.; Arkin, Adam P.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Arkin, Adam P.] Calif Inst Quantitat Biosci QB3, Berkeley, CA USA. RP Arkin, AP (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Bioengn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM aparkin@lbl.gov RI Arkin, Adam/A-6751-2008; OI Arkin, Adam/0000-0002-4999-2931; Qi, Lei S/0000-0002-3965-3223 FU US National Science Foundation (SynBERC); Department of Energy through Laboratory Directed Research and Development [DE-AC02-05CH11231d]; Howard Hughes Medical Institute FX We thank members of BIOFAB, International Open Facility Advancing Biotechnology, for distributing genetic parts, and J. Dueber, M. Lee and H. Lee (University of California, Berkeley) for providing the yeast vector. This work was supported by the US National Science Foundation (SynBERC, NSFEEC-0540879, L.Q. and A.P.A.), Department of Energy through Laboratory Directed Research and Development (DE-AC02-05CH11231d, L.Q., W.S. and A.P.A.) and Howard Hughes Medical Institute (R.E.H. and J.A.D.). NR 34 TC 83 Z9 85 U1 3 U2 89 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 1087-0156 J9 NAT BIOTECHNOL JI Nat. Biotechnol. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 30 IS 10 BP 1002 EP + DI 10.1038/nbt.2355 PG 6 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 022NG UT WOS:000309965500028 PM 22983090 ER PT J AU Petriello, F AF Petriello, Frank TI Quantum chromodynamics effects in electroweak and Higgs physics SO PRAMANA-JOURNAL OF PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 25th International Symposium on Lepton-Photon Interactions at High Energies CY AUG 22-27, 2011 CL Mumbai, INDIA DE Higher-order quantum chromodynamics; electroweak gauge bosons; Higgs physics AB Several examples of the often intricate effects of higher-order quantum chromodynamics (QCD) corrections on predictions for hadron-collider observables, are discussed, using the production of electroweak gauge boson and the Standard Model Higgs boson as examples. Particular attention is given to the interplay of QCD effects and experimental cuts, and to the use of scale variations as estimates of theoretical uncertainties. C1 [Petriello, Frank] Northwestern Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. [Petriello, Frank] Argonne Natl Lab, Div High Energy Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Petriello, F (reprint author), Northwestern Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. EM f-petriello@northwestern.edu NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU INDIAN ACAD SCIENCES PI BANGALORE PA C V RAMAN AVENUE, SADASHIVANAGAR, P B #8005, BANGALORE 560 080, INDIA SN 0304-4289 EI 0973-7111 J9 PRAMANA-J PHYS JI Pramana-J. Phys. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 79 IS 4 SI SI BP 555 EP 562 DI 10.1007/s12043-012-0362-x PG 8 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 034LV UT WOS:000310875900004 ER PT J AU Alioli, S Fuster, J Irles, A Moch, S Uwer, P Vos, M AF Alioli, Simone Fuster, Juan Irles, Adrian Moch, Sven Uwer, Peter Vos, Marcel TI A new observable to measure the top quark mass at hadron colliders SO PRAMANA-JOURNAL OF PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 25th International Symposium on Lepton-Photon Interactions at High Energies CY AUG 22-27, 2011 CL Mumbai, INDIA DE Top quark; mass; pole mass; NLO; cross-section; t(t)over-bar plus jet; POWHEG; perturbative QCD AB The t (t) over bar + jet + X differential cross-section in proton-proton collisions at 7 TeV centre of mass energy is investigated with respect to its sensitivity to the top quark mass. The analysis includes higher order QCD corrections at NLO. The impact of the renormalization scale (mu(R)), the factorization (mu(F)) scale and of the choice of different proton's PDF (parton distribution function) has been evaluated. In this study it is concluded that differential jet rates offer a promising option for alternative mass measurements of the top quark, with theoretical uncertainties below 1 GeV. C1 [Fuster, Juan; Irles, Adrian; Vos, Marcel] Univ Valencia, Ctr Mixte, CSIC, IFIC, E-46071 Valencia, Spain. [Alioli, Simone] Univ Calif Berkeley, Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Alioli, Simone; Moch, Sven] DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany. [Uwer, Peter] Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany. RP Irles, A (reprint author), Univ Valencia, Ctr Mixte, CSIC, IFIC, E-46071 Valencia, Spain. EM airqui@ific.uv.es RI Alioli, Simone/Q-4971-2016; OI Alioli, Simone/0000-0001-8234-2247; Vos, Marcel/0000-0001-8474-5357; Irles, Adrian/0000-0001-5668-151X NR 8 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU INDIAN ACAD SCIENCES PI BANGALORE PA C V RAMAN AVENUE, SADASHIVANAGAR, P B #8005, BANGALORE 560 080, INDIA SN 0304-4289 EI 0973-7111 J9 PRAMANA-J PHYS JI Pramana-J. Phys. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 79 IS 4 SI SI BP 809 EP 812 DI 10.1007/s12043-012-0374-6 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 034LV UT WOS:000310875900021 ER PT J AU Mao, KM Kennedy, GJ Althaus, SM Pruski, M AF Mao, Kanmi Kennedy, Gordon J. Althaus, Stacey M. Pruski, Marek TI Spectral editing in C-13 solid-state NMR at high magnetic field using fast MAS and spin-echo dephasing SO SOLID STATE NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE LA English DT Article DE Solid-state NMR; Fast MAS; Spin-echo dephasing; Aromatic carbon; Spectral editing ID ARGONNE PREMIUM COALS; CROSS POLARIZATION; SPECTROSCOPY; RESONANCE; RESOLUTION; AROMATICITY; SELECTION; H-1; KHZ AB A simple method is proposed for separating NMR resonances from protonated and non-protonated aromatic carbons in solids under fast magic angle spinning (MAS). The approach uses a MAS-synchronized spin-echo to exploit the differences in rotational recoupling of the dipolar interactions while fully refocusing the isotropic chemical shifts. This strategy extends the relevant time scale of spin evolution to milliseconds and circumvents the limitation of the traditional dipolar dephasing method, which in fast rotating solids is disrupted by rotational refocusing. The proposed approach can be used for quantitative measurement of carbon aromaticities in complex solids with poorly resolved spectra, as demonstrated for model compounds. (C) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Mao, Kanmi; Kennedy, Gordon J.] ExxonMobil Res & Engn Co, Annandale, NJ 08801 USA. [Althaus, Stacey M.; Pruski, Marek] US DOE, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Althaus, Stacey M.; Pruski, Marek] Iowa State Univ, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Mao, KM (reprint author), ExxonMobil Res & Engn Co, 1545 Route 22E, Annandale, NJ 08801 USA. EM kanmi.mao@exxonmobil.com FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-07CH11358] FX At the Ames Laboratory this research was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-07CH11358. The continued support of ExxonMobil Research and Engineering, in particular Dr. S. P. Rucker and Dr. M. S. Touvelle, are gratefully acknowledged. We also thank Dr. T. Kobayashi for helpful discussions. NR 36 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 4 U2 33 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0926-2040 EI 1527-3326 J9 SOLID STATE NUCL MAG JI Solid State Nucl. Magn. Reson. PD OCT-NOV PY 2012 VL 47-48 BP 19 EP 22 DI 10.1016/j.ssnmr.2012.07.003 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Condensed Matter; Spectroscopy SC Chemistry; Physics; Spectroscopy GA 031OD UT WOS:000310650600003 PM 22951436 ER PT J AU Samal, SL Corbett, JD AF Samal, Saroj L. Corbett, John D. TI Synthesis, Structure, and Bonding Analysis of the Polar Intermetallic Phase Ca2Pt2Cd SO ZEITSCHRIFT FUR ANORGANISCHE UND ALLGEMEINE CHEMIE LA English DT Article DE Polar intermetallics; Crystal structure determination; Intermetallic synthesis; Bonding analysis ID GOLD SUBSTITUTION; CRYSTAL; COMPOUND; NETWORKS; EXAMPLES; CA2CU2GA; METALS; SODIUM; AU AB The polar intermetallic phase Ca2Pt2Cd was discovered during explorations of the Ca-Pt-Cd system. The compound was synthesized by high temperature reactions, and its structure refined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction as orthorhombic, Immm, a = 4.4514(5), b = 5.8415(6), c = 8.5976(9) angstrom, Z = 2. The structure formally contains infinite, planar networks of [Pt2Cd]4 along the ab plane, which can be described as tessellation of six and four-member rings of the anions, with cations stuffed between the anion layers. The infinite condensed platinum chains show a substantial longshort distortion of 0.52 angstrom, an appreciable difference between Ca2Pt2Cd (26 valence electrons) and the isotypic but regular Ca2Cu2Ga (29 VE). The relatively large cation proportion diminishes the usual dominance of polar (PtCd) and 5d5d (PtPt) contributions to the total Hamilton populations. C1 [Samal, Saroj L.; Corbett, John D.] Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Samal, Saroj L.; Corbett, John D.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Corbett, JD (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM jcorbett@iastate.edu FU Office of the Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Sciences Division, U. S. Department of Energy (DOE); Iowa State University [DE-AC02-07CH11358] FX We thank Dr. Yuemei Zhang for help with the extended Huckel calculations. The research was supported by the Office of the Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Sciences Division, U. S. Department of Energy (DOE). Ames Laboratory is operated for DOE by Iowa State University under contract No. DE-AC02-07CH11358. NR 36 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 4 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA BOSCHSTRASSE 12, D-69469 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 0044-2313 J9 Z ANORG ALLG CHEM JI Z. Anorg. Allg. Chem. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 638 IS 12-13 SI SI BP 1963 EP 1969 DI 10.1002/zaac.201200179 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA 021TG UT WOS:000309907700008 ER PT J AU Janka, O Baumbach, RE Ronning, F Thompson, JD Bauer, ED Kauzlarich, SM AF Janka, Oliver Baumbach, Ryan E. Ronning, Filip Thompson, Joe D. Bauer, Eric D. Kauzlarich, Susan M. TI Crystal Structure, Magnetic and Transport Properties of CeRu1-xNixAl (x=0.5) SO ZEITSCHRIFT FUR ANORGANISCHE UND ALLGEMEINE CHEMIE LA English DT Article DE Rare earths; Intermetallics; Magnetic properties; Electrical resistivity; Single crystals; Crystal structure ID FLUX; LA; CE AB Single crystals of CeRu0.5Ni0.5Al can be obtained from a Ce-Ni melt using elements as starting materials. The presented compound crystallizes in the orthorhombic space group Pnma (no. 62) with a = 700.38(7), b = 416.92(4) and c = 1562.84(16) pm in the LaNiAl structure type. The compound shows an unusual temperature dependence of the magnetic susceptibility for T < 20 K although the cerium cations exhibit no local moment behavior. This feature is also visible in the electrical resistivity. C1 [Baumbach, Ryan E.; Ronning, Filip; Thompson, Joe D.; Bauer, Eric D.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Janka, Oliver; Kauzlarich, Susan M.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Chem, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Bauer, ED (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM edbauer@lanl.gov; smkauzlarich@ucdavis.edu RI Janka, Oliver/B-3233-2011; OI Janka, Oliver/0000-0002-9480-3888; Ronning, Filip/0000-0002-2679-7957; Bauer, Eric/0000-0003-0017-1937 FU National Science Foundation [DMR-1100313]; US Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering; US DOE, OBES, Division of Material Science and Engineering; Los Alamos Laboratory Directed Research and Development program FX This work was funded by National Science Foundation DMR-1100313. Work at Los Alamos National Laboratory was performed under the auspices of the US Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering, PECASE funding from the US DOE, OBES, Division of Material Science and Engineering, and funded in part by the Los Alamos Laboratory Directed Research and Development program. NR 20 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 15 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA BOSCHSTRASSE 12, D-69469 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 0044-2313 J9 Z ANORG ALLG CHEM JI Z. Anorg. Allg. Chem. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 638 IS 12-13 SI SI BP 1996 EP 2000 DI 10.1002/zaac.201200173 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA 021TG UT WOS:000309907700013 ER PT J AU Woehl, TJ Evans, JE Arslan, L Ristenpart, WD Browning, ND AF Woehl, Taylor J. Evans, James E. Arslan, Like Ristenpart, William D. Browning, Nigel D. TI Direct in Situ Determination of the Mechanisms Controlling Nanoparticle Nucleation and Growth SO ACS NANO LA English DT Article DE In situ fluid; STEM; nanoparticle growth; silver nanoparticles; in situ electron microscopy; classical nucleation theory ID TRANSMISSION ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY; SIZE CONTROL; LIQUID; SILVER; SHAPE; NANOCRYSTALS; INTERFACE; CHEMISTRY; IONS; TEM AB Although nanocrystal morphology is controllable using conventional colloidal synthesis, multiple characterization techniques are typically needed to determine key properties like the nucleation rate, induction time, growth rate, and the resulting morphology. Recently, researchers have demonstrated growth of nanocrystals by in situ electron beam reduction, offering direct observations of single nanocrystals and eliminating the need for multiple characterization techniques; however, they found nanocrystal morphologies consistent with two different growth mechanisms for the same electron beam parameters. Here we show that the electron beam current plays a role analogous to the concentration of reducing agent in conventional synthesis, by controlling the growth mechanism and final morphology of silver nanocrystals grown via in situ electron beam reduction. We demonstrate that low beam currents encourage reaction limited growth that yield nanocrystals with faceted structures, while higher beam currents encourage diffusion limited growth that yield spherical nanocrystals. By isolating these two growth regimes, we demonstrate a new level of control over nanocrystal morphology, regulated by the fundamental growth mechanism. We find that the induction threshold dose for nucleation is independent of the beam current, pixel dwell time, and magnification being used. Our results indicate that in situ electron microscopy data can be interpreted by classical models and that systematic dose experiments should be performed for all future in situ liquid studies to confirm the exact mechanisms underlying observations of nucleation and growth. C1 [Woehl, Taylor J.; Ristenpart, William D.; Browning, Nigel D.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Ristenpart, William D.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Food Sci & Technol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Browning, Nigel D.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Mol & Cellular Biol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Evans, James E.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99354 USA. [Arslan, Like; Browning, Nigel D.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Woehl, TJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM tjwoehl@ucdavis.edu OI Browning, Nigel/0000-0003-0491-251X FU DOE [DE-FG02-03ER46057]; Presidential Early Career Award for Scientists and Engineers; UC Lab Fee Program; UC Academic Senate; NIH [5RC1GM091755]; Department of Energy's Office of Biological and Environmental Research; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC05-76RL01830] FX N.B. acknowledges DOE funding support from Grant No. DE-FG02-03ER46057. I.A. acknowledges support from the Presidential Early Career Award for Scientists and Engineers. Support for T.W. was provided by the UC Lab Fee Program and the UC Academic Senate. J.E. acknowledges NIH funding support from Grant No. 5RC1GM091755. A portion of this work was performed using EMSL, a national scientific user facility sponsored by the Department of Energy's Office of Biological and Environmental Research and located at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory. Pacific Northwest National Laboratory is operated by Battelle Memorial Institute for the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC05-76RL01830. NR 36 TC 99 Z9 100 U1 18 U2 220 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1936-0851 J9 ACS NANO JI ACS Nano PD OCT PY 2012 VL 6 IS 10 BP 8599 EP 8610 DI 10.1021/nn303371y PG 12 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA 024FW UT WOS:000310096100017 PM 22957797 ER PT J AU Han, JJ Kiss, C Bradbury, ARM Werner, JH AF Han, Jason J. Kiss, Csaba Bradbury, Andrew R. M. Werner, James H. TI Time-Resolved, Confocal Single-Molecule Tracking of Individual Organic Dyes and Fluorescent Proteins in Three Dimensions SO ACS NANO LA English DT Article DE single molecule; tracking; confocal; three-dimensional; proteins ID 3-DIMENSIONAL PARTICLE TRACKING; RESONANCE ENERGY-TRANSFER; NANOCRYSTAL QUANTUM DOTS; LIVING CELLS; LIVE CELLS; CORRELATION SPECTROSCOPY; IN-VIVO; DIFFUSION; DYNAMICS; MICROSCOPY AB We demonstrate following individual fluorescent protein constructs and individual organic dyes as they diffuse in 3-D in solution at rates up to 1 mu m(2)/s over distances of several micrometers in X, Y, and Z. Our 3-D tracking method is essentially a stage scanning confocal microscope that uses a unique spatial filter geometry and active feedback 200 times/s to follow fast 3-D motion. Here we detail simulations used to find optimal feedback para meters for following individual fluorescent proteins in 3-D and show that a wide range of parameters are capable of following individual proteins diffusing at 1 mu m(2)/s rates. In addition, we experimentally show that through 3-D single-molecule tracking of a protein oligomer series (monomer, dimer, and tetramer) of the fluorescent protein Azami Green one can determine the protein oligomerization state. We also perform time-resolved spectroscopy (photon pair correlation measurements) during the measured 3-D trajectories. The photon pair correlation measurements show clear fluorescence photon antibunching, demonstrating that the trajectories are of single fluorescent molecules. We note that the rates of single-molecule diffusive motion we follow (approximately 1 mu m(2)/s) are comparable to or faster than many intracellular transport processes. C1 [Han, Jason J.; Werner, James H.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Integrated Nanotechnol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Kiss, Csaba; Bradbury, Andrew R. M.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Werner, JH (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Integrated Nanotechnol, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM jwerner@lanl.gov OI Bradbury, Andrew/0000-0002-5567-8172; Werner, James/0000-0002-7616-8913 FU Los Alamos National Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) [DE-AC52-06NA25396] FX This work was supported through Los Alamos National Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) and was performed at the Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, a U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences user facility at Los Alamos National Laboratory (Contract DE-AC52-06NA25396). NR 81 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 3 U2 55 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1936-0851 J9 ACS NANO JI ACS Nano PD OCT PY 2012 VL 6 IS 10 BP 8922 EP 8932 DI 10.1021/nn302912j PG 11 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA 024FW UT WOS:000310096100051 PM 22957739 ER PT J AU Segets, D Lucas, JM Taylor, RNK Scheele, M Zheng, HM Alivisatos, AP Peukert, W AF Segets, Doris Lucas, J. Matthew Taylor, Robin N. Klupp Scheele, Marcus Zheng, Haimei Alivisatos, A. Paul Peukert, Wolfgang TI Determination of the Quantum Dot Band Gap Dependence on Particle Size from Optical Absorbance and Transmission Electron Microscopy Measurements SO ACS NANO LA English DT Article DE quantum dot; optical properties; PbS(e); automated TEM image analysis; absorbance spectra; particle size distribution ID EXTINCTION COEFFICIENT; COLLOIDAL NANOCRYSTALS; ZNO NANOPARTICLES; PBSE NANOCRYSTALS; SOLAR-CELLS; GROWTH; PHOTOVOLTAICS; FUNDAMENTALS; CONFINEMENT; ABSORPTION AB This work addresses the determination of arbitrarily shaped particle size distributions (PSDs) from PbS and PbSe quantum dot (QD) optical absorbance spectra in order to arrive at a relationship between band gap energy and particle size over a large size range. Using a modified algorithm which was previously developed for ZnO, we take only bulk absorption data from the literature and match the PSDs derived from QD absorbance spectra with those from transmission electron microscopical (TEM) image analysis in order to arrive at the functional dependence of the band gap on particle size. Additional samples sized solely from their absorbance spectra with our algorithm show excellent agreement with TEM results. We investigate the influence of parameters of the TEM image analysis such as threshold value on the final result. The band gap versus size relationship developed from analysis of just two samples lies well within the bounds of a number of published data sets. We believe that our methodology provides an attractive shortcut for the study of various novel quantum-confined direct band gap semiconductor systems as it permits the band gap energies of a broad size range of QDs to be probed with relatively few synthetic experiments and without quantum mechanical simulations. C1 [Segets, Doris; Taylor, Robin N. Klupp; Peukert, Wolfgang] EAU Erlangen Nuremberg, Inst Particle Technol, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany. [Lucas, J. Matthew] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mech Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Scheele, Marcus; Zheng, Haimei; Alivisatos, A. Paul] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Peukert, W (reprint author), EAU Erlangen Nuremberg, Inst Particle Technol, Cauerstr 4, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany. EM wolfgang.peukert@lfg.fau.de RI Klupp Taylor, Robin/D-4126-2009; Alivisatos , Paul /N-8863-2015 OI Klupp Taylor, Robin/0000-0002-6733-3163; Alivisatos , Paul /0000-0001-6895-9048 FU German Research Council (DFG) [PE427/18-3]; Physical Chemistry of Inorganic Nanostructures [KC3103]; Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences of the US. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; Alexander von Humboldt Foundation; Light-Material Interactions in Energy Conversion, an Energy Frontier Research Center; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-SC0001293]; DOE Office of Science FX D.S., R.N.K.T., and W.P. would like to thank the German Research Council (DFG) for their financial support (Leibniz program, Project PE427/18-3 and BaCaTec) which supports within the framework of its Excellence Initiative the Cluster of Excellence 'Engineering of Advanced Materials' (www.eam.uni-erlangen.de) at the University of Erlangen-Nuremberg. Work on nanoparticle synthesis, microscopy. and optical characterization thereof was funded by the Physical Chemistry of Inorganic Nanostructures, KC3103, which is supported by the Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences of the US. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. MS. would like to thank the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation for a Feodor-Lynen fellowship. M.L. is supported as part of the Light-Material Interactions in Energy Conversion, an Energy Frontier Research Center funded by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences under Award Number DE-SC0001293. H.Z. thanks the support of DOE Office of Science Early Career Research Program. NR 52 TC 38 Z9 38 U1 6 U2 145 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1936-0851 J9 ACS NANO JI ACS Nano PD OCT PY 2012 VL 6 IS 10 BP 9021 EP 9032 DI 10.1021/nn303130d PG 12 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA 024FW UT WOS:000310096100062 PM 22984808 ER PT J AU Wang, JW Liu, XH Zhao, KJ Palmer, A Patten, E Burton, D Mao, SX Suo, ZG Huang, JY AF Wang, Jiang Wei Liu, Xiao Hua Zhao, Kejie Palmer, Andrew Patten, Erin Burton, David Mao, Scott X. Suo, Zhigang Huang, Jian Yu TI Sandwich-Lithiation and Longitudinal Crack in Amorphous Silicon Coated on Carbon Nanofibers SO ACS NANO LA English DT Article DE amorphous silicon carbon nanofiber; interface; crack; lithium ion battery; in situ TEM ID LITHIUM-ION BATTERIES; SIZE-DEPENDENT FRACTURE; ELECTROCHEMICAL LITHIATION; ANODES; CAPACITY; PERFORMANCE; NANOWIRES; DELITHIATION; NANOPARTICLES; NANOPILLARS AB Silicon-carbon nanofibers coaxial sponge, with strong mechanical integrity and improved electronic conductivity, is a promising anode structure to apply into commercial high-capacity lithium ion batteries. We characterized the electrochemical and mechanical behatiors of amorphous silicon-coated carbon nanofibers (a-Si/CNFs) with in situ transmission dectron microscopy (TEM). It was found that lithiation of the a-Si coating layer occurred from the surface and the a-Si/CNF Interface concurrently, and propagated toward the center of the a-Si layer. Such a process leads to a sandwiched LixSi/Si/LixSi structure, indicating fast Li transport through the a-Si/CNF interface. Nanocracks and sponge-like structures developed in she a-Si layer during the lithiation-delithiation cycles. Lithiation of the a-Si layer sealed in the hollow CNF was also observed, but at a much lower speed than the counterpart of the a-Si layer coated on the CNF surface. An analytical solution of the stress field was formulated based on the continuum theory of finite deformation, explaining the experimental observation of longitudinal crack formation and general mechanical degradation mechanism in c-Si/CNF electrode. C1 [Liu, Xiao Hua; Huang, Jian Yu] Sandia Natl Labs, Ctr Integrated Nanotechnol, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Wang, Jiang Wei; Mao, Scott X.] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Mech Engn & Mat Sci, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. [Zhao, Kejie; Suo, Zhigang] Harvard Univ, Sch Engn & Appl Sci, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Palmer, Andrew; Patten, Erin; Burton, David] Appl Sci Inc, Cedarville, OH 45314 USA. RP Liu, XH (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Ctr Integrated Nanotechnol, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM lxhua99@gmail.com; jyhuang8@yahoo.com RI Wang, Jiangwei/F-8249-2011; Zhao, Kejie/F-8640-2010; Liu, Xiaohua/A-8752-2011; Suo, Zhigang/B-1067-2008 OI Wang, Jiangwei/0000-0003-1191-0782; Liu, Xiaohua/0000-0002-7300-7145; Suo, Zhigang/0000-0002-4068-4844 FU Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) project at Sandia National Laboratories (SNL); Nanostructures for Electrical Energy Storage (NEES); Energy Frontier Research Center (EFRC); U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DESC0001160]; LDRD; NEES center; Sandia-Los Alamos Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies (CINT); U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000]; National Science Foundation [CMMI-1031161]; OSD SBIR [FA8650-10-C-2041]; Army SBIR [W56HZV-11-C-0193] FX Portions of this work were supported by a Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) project at Sandia National Laboratories (SNL) and partly by Nanostructures for Electrical Energy Storage (NEES), an Energy Frontier Research Center (EFRC) funded by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences under Award Number DESC0001160. The LDRD supported the development and fabrication of platforms. The NEES center supported the development of TEM techniques. The Sandia-Los Alamos Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies (CINT) supported the TEM capability. Sandia National Laboratories is a multiprogram laboratory managed and operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Company, for the U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under Contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. K.Z. and Z.S. acknowledge the support by the National Science Foundation through a grant on lithium-ion batteries (CMMI-1031161). We thank David Burton from Applied Sciences Inc. for providing us the a-Si/CNF samples which were produced under OSD SBIR Contract FA8650-10-C-2041 and Army SBIR Contract W56HZV-11-C-0193. NR 43 TC 47 Z9 47 U1 11 U2 159 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1936-0851 J9 ACS NANO JI ACS Nano PD OCT PY 2012 VL 6 IS 10 BP 9158 EP 9167 DI 10.1021/nn3034343 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA 024FW UT WOS:000310096100078 PM 22984869 ER PT J AU Li, Q Han, CB Fuentes-Cabrera, M Terrones, H Sumpter, BG Lu, WC Bernholc, J Yi, JY Gai, Z Baddorf, AP Maksymovych, P Pan, MH AF Li, Qing Han, Chengbo Fuentes-Cabrera, Miguel Terrones, Humberto Sumpter, Bobby G. Lu, Wenchang Bernholc, Jerry Yi, Jieyu Gai, Zheng Baddorf, Arthur P. Maksymovych, Petro Pan, Minghu TI Electronic Control over Attachment and Self-Assembly of Alkyne Groups on Gold SO ACS NANO LA English DT Article DE scanning tunneling microscopy; molecular reaction; self-assembly; 3D tethering ID SCANNING-TUNNELING-MICROSCOPY; SINGLE-MOLECULE CHEMISTRY; MONOLAYERS; AU(111); PHENYLACETYLENE; ADSORPTION; BENZENE; METALS; GROWTH AB Self-assembled monolayers are the basis for molecular nanodevices, flexible surface functionalization, and dip-pen nanolithography. Yet self-assembled monolayers are typically created by a rather inefficient process involving thermally driven attachment reactions of precursor molecules to a metal surface, followed by a slow and defect-prone molecular reorganization. Here we demonstrate a nonthermal, electron-induced approach to the self-assembly of phenylacetylene molecules on gold that allows for a previously unachievable attachment of the molecule; to the surface through the alkyne group. While thermal excitation can only desorb the parent molecule due to prohibitively high activation barriers for attachment reactions, localized injection of hot electrons or holes not only overcomes this barrier but also enables an unprecedented control over the size and shape of the self-assembly, defect structures, and the reverse process of molecular disassembly from a single molecule to a mesoscopic length scale. Electron-induced excitation may therefore enable new and highly controlled approaches to molecular self-assembly on a surface. C1 [Li, Qing; Fuentes-Cabrera, Miguel; Terrones, Humberto; Sumpter, Bobby G.; Yi, Jieyu; Gai, Zheng; Baddorf, Arthur P.; Maksymovych, Petro; Pan, Minghu] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Nanophase Mat Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Han, Chengbo; Lu, Wenchang; Bernholc, Jerry] N Carolina State Univ, Ctr High Performance Simulat, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Han, Chengbo; Lu, Wenchang; Bernholc, Jerry] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Phys, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Fuentes-Cabrera, Miguel; Sumpter, Bobby G.; Lu, Wenchang; Bernholc, Jerry] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Comp Sci & Math Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Pan, MH (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Nanophase Mat Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM fuentescabma@ornl.gov; maksymovychp@ornl.gov; panm@ornl.gov RI Sumpter, Bobby/C-9459-2013; Gai, Zheng/B-5327-2012; Fuentes-Cabrera, Miguel/Q-2437-2015; Maksymovych, Petro/C-3922-2016; Baddorf, Arthur/I-1308-2016 OI Sumpter, Bobby/0000-0001-6341-0355; Gai, Zheng/0000-0002-6099-4559; Fuentes-Cabrera, Miguel/0000-0001-7912-7079; Maksymovych, Petro/0000-0003-0822-8459; Baddorf, Arthur/0000-0001-7023-2382 FU Oak Ridge National Laboratory by the Scientific User Facilities Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy; DOE [DE-FG02-98ER45685]; Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX This research was conducted at the Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences (CNMS), which is sponsored at Oak Ridge National Laboratory by the Scientific User Facilities Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy. The work at NCSU was supported by DOE Grant DE-FG02-98ER45685. The computations were performed using the resources of the CNMS and the National Center for Computational Sciences at Oak Ridge National Laboratory. This research also used resources of the National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center, which is supported by the Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. NR 37 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 7 U2 83 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1936-0851 EI 1936-086X J9 ACS NANO JI ACS Nano PD OCT PY 2012 VL 6 IS 10 BP 9267 EP 9275 DI 10.1021/nn303734r PG 9 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA 024FW UT WOS:000310096100091 PM 23013321 ER PT J AU Madden, AS Swindle, AL Beazley, MJ Moon, JW Ravel, B Phelps, TJ AF Madden, Andrew S. Swindle, Andrew L. Beazley, Melanie J. Moon, Ji-Won Ravel, Bruce Phelps, Tommy J. TI Long-term solid-phase fate of co-precipitated U(VI)-Fe(III) following biological iron reduction by Thermoanaerobacter SO AMERICAN MINERALOGIST LA English DT Article DE Magnetite; uranium; nanoparticles; uraninite; geomicrobiology ID ZERO-VALENT IRON; URANIUM-CONTAMINATED AQUIFER; IN-SITU BIOREDUCTION; HETEROGENEOUS REDUCTION; URANINITE NANOPARTICLES; SUBSTITUTED MAGNETITES; REDUCING CONDITIONS; U(VI) REDUCTION; U-VI; SURFACE AB The texture and mineralogy of solid phases resulting from biogeochemical metal reduction of U(VI)-FeOOH slurries was investigated over a period of four years. Solid-phase reaction products were analyzed with EXAFS, TEM, and XRD following fermentative reduction of uranium-loaded ferric hydroxide precursors with 0.01 and 0.05 cation mole fraction (CMF) U by cultures of Thermoanaerobacter sp. strain TOR-39. Only minor changes could be distinguished between 3 and 51 months for most slurries. Magnetite, goethite, uraninite, and minor akaganeite were present after 3 months at both U-CMFs. Akaganeite was not detected by XRD after 3 months, but was still observed by TEM after 50 months. Increasing uranium in the starting slurries led to a greater proportion of oxidized iron in the solid-phase products. Euhedral goethite and subhedral to euhedral magnetite were observed at all times. Uraninite was observed in clusters of <10 nm particles without any particular relationship to the iron minerals. HRTEM imaging indicated that even the smallest uraninite particles were well crystallized, with textures that remained consistent throughout the duration of experiments. X-ray absorption spectra after 3 months indicated 100% and 96.4% U(IV) in 0.01 and 0.05 CMF U slurries, respectively. EXAFS spectra were consistent with uraninite at both uranium levels, plus additional non-uraninite U(IV) for 0.05 CMF U. One 0.05 CMF U culture slurry was found to have a lower pH and a more oxidized final iron mineral assemblage; in this case uraninite was not observed by XRD, but large (101 nm average diameter) rounded uraninite grains were observed by TEM. These grains were observed in chains or aggregates often connected by necks, in textures suggestive of biological influence. HRTEM demonstrated each grain was composed of poorly oriented, primary, 2-5 nm uraninite crystallites. Uraninite crystal growth occurred by nanoparticle aggregation, but ripening was not observed even though incubation temperatures were held at 65 degrees C for 20 days. Thus, previous studies of biogenic nanoparticulate uraninite short-term reactivity are likely to be representative of systems aged over a period of years. C1 [Madden, Andrew S.; Swindle, Andrew L.] Univ Oklahoma, Sch Geol & Geophys, Norman, OK 73019 USA. [Beazley, Melanie J.] Univ Alabama, Dept Biol Sci, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA. [Moon, Ji-Won; Phelps, Tommy J.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Ravel, Bruce] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. RP Madden, AS (reprint author), Univ Oklahoma, Sch Geol & Geophys, Norman, OK 73019 USA. EM amadden@ou.edu OI Moon, Ji-Won/0000-0001-7776-6889; Beazley, Melanie/0000-0001-9973-7798 FU Oak Ridge Associated Universities Ralph E. Powe Award; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, and Office of Biological and Environmental Research Subsurface Biogeochemical Research program; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-ACO5-00OR22725]; U.S. Department of Energy, Basic Energy Sciences; NSERC; University of Washington; Simon Fraser University; Advanced Photon Source; U.S. DOE [DE-AC02-06CHII357] FX Financial support was provided by the Oak Ridge Associated Universities Ralph E. Powe Award to A.S.M. J.W. Moon and T.J. Phelps were sponsored by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, and Office of Biological and Environmental Research Subsurface Biogeochemical Research program. Oak Ridge National Laboratory is managed by UT Battelle, LLC, for the U.S. Department of Energy under contract DE-ACO5-00OR22725. PNC/XSD facilities at the Advanced Photon Source, and research at these facilities, are supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Basic Energy Sciences, a Major Resources Support grant from NSERC, the University of Washington, Simon Fraser University, and the Advanced Photon Source. Use of the Advanced Photon Source, an Office of Science User Facility operated for the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Science by Argonne National Laboratory, was supported by the U.S. DOE under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CHII357. Greg Strout at the Samuel Roberts Noble Electron Microscopy Laboratory and the scientists and supporting staff at the APS BM20 are thanked for their technical assistance. Two anonymous reviews significantly improved the manuscript. NR 96 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 3 U2 34 PU MINERALOGICAL SOC AMER PI CHANTILLY PA 3635 CONCORDE PKWY STE 500, CHANTILLY, VA 20151-1125 USA SN 0003-004X J9 AM MINERAL JI Am. Miner. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 97 IS 10 BP 1641 EP 1652 PG 12 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Mineralogy SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Mineralogy GA 018FM UT WOS:000309645500011 ER PT J AU Gustafson, WI Yu, SC AF Gustafson, William I., Jr. Yu, Shaocai TI Generalized approach for using unbiased symmetric metrics with negative values: normalized mean bias factor and normalized mean absolute error factor SO ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCE LETTERS LA English DT Article DE unbiased symmetric metrics; bias; error; evaluation; factor; normalization AB Unbiased symmetric metrics provide a useful measure to quickly compare two datasets, with similar interpretations for both under and overestimations. Two examples include the normalized mean bias factor and normalized mean absolute error factor. However, the original formulations of these metrics are only valid for datasets with positive means. This article presents a methodology to use and interpret the metrics with datasets that have negative means. The updated formulations give identical results compared to the original formulations for the case of positive means, so researchers are encouraged to use the updated formulations going forward without introducing ambiguity. Copyright (c) 2012 Royal Meteorological Society C1 [Gustafson, William I., Jr.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Atmospher Sci & Global Change Div, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Yu, Shaocai] US EPA, Atmospher Modeling & Anal Div, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Gustafson, WI (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Atmospher Sci & Global Change Div, POB 999,MSIN K9-30, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM William.Gustafson@pnnl.gov RI Gustafson, William/A-7732-2008; yu, shaocai/G-7806-2011; yu, shaocai/F-1394-2014 OI Gustafson, William/0000-0001-9927-1393; FU US DOE at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) [DE-AC06-76RLO1830]; US Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development FX The authors wish to thank Elaine Chapman for her insight and assistance improving this manuscript. The contribution of Dr W. I. G. to this work was supported by a US DOE Early Career Research grant to him at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) under Contract DE-AC06-76RLO1830. PNNL is operated for the US DOE by Battelle Memorial Institute. The contribution of Dr S. Y. was funded and managed by the US Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development. It has been subjected to the Agency's administrative review and approved for publication. The authors also want to thank Dr Dessler for his help in obtaining the data used in Figure 2. NR 7 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 8 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1530-261X J9 ATMOS SCI LETT JI Atmos. Sci. Lett. PD OCT-DEC PY 2012 VL 13 IS 4 BP 262 EP 267 DI 10.1002/asl.393 PG 6 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 023VY UT WOS:000310066300006 ER PT J AU Reed, KA Jablonowski, C Taylor, MA AF Reed, Kevin A. Jablonowski, Christiane Taylor, Mark A. TI Tropical cyclones in the spectral element configuration of the Community Atmosphere Model SO ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCE LETTERS LA English DT Article DE tropical cyclones; GCM; high-resolution ID HURRICANES; INTENSITY AB This paper explores the evolution of idealized tropical cyclones in the Community Atmosphere Model CAM 5 with the spectral element (SE) dynamical core at grid spacings of 111, 55 and 28 km. Over 10 simulation days the storms become increasingly intense and compact with increasing resolution. The experiments reveal unrealistically strong tropical cyclone intensities of minimum surface pressures ranging from 845 to 865 hPa and absolute maximum wind speeds greater than 100 m s-1 at the highest resolution, especially when small physics time steps are used. This unphysical behavior is related to the manner in which the physics time step is applied in CAM 5. The analysis indicates that the behavior of the physics parameterizations, namely the partitioning between convective and large-scale precipitation, at small time steps contributes to this intensity. Copyright (c) 2012 Royal Meteorological Society C1 [Reed, Kevin A.; Jablonowski, Christiane] Univ Michigan, Dept Atmospher Ocean & Space Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Taylor, Mark A.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Reed, KA (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Dept Atmospher Ocean & Space Sci, Space Res Bldg,2455 Hayward St, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. EM kareed@umich.edu RI Reed, Kevin/C-4466-2012; Jablonowski, Christiane/I-9068-2012 OI Reed, Kevin/0000-0003-3741-7080; Jablonowski, Christiane/0000-0003-0407-0092 FU Office of Science, U.S. Department of Energy [DE-SC0003990, DE-SC0006684]; Office of Biological and Environmental Research within U.S. Department of Energy; National Science Foundation FX The authors thank Jerry Olson, Andrew Gettelman and Brian Medeiros at NCAR for their advice and help on aqua-planet configurations in CAM 5. In addition, we thank the manuscript reviewers for their helpful and constructive comments. The work was partly supported by the Office of Science, U.S. Department of Energy, Award Numbers DE-SC0003990 and DE-SC0006684. Additional support came from a Graduate Research Environmental Fellowship from the Office of Biological and Environmental Research within U.S. Department of Energy. We acknowledge the high performance computing support provided by NCAR's Computational and Information Systems Laboratory which is sponsored by the National Science Foundation. NR 31 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 13 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1530-261X J9 ATMOS SCI LETT JI Atmos. Sci. Lett. PD OCT-DEC PY 2012 VL 13 IS 4 BP 303 EP 310 DI 10.1002/asl.399 PG 8 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 023VY UT WOS:000310066300012 ER PT J AU Cape, JL Edson, JB Spencer, LP DeClue, MS Ziock, HJ Maurer, S Rasmussen, S Monnard, PA Boncella, JM AF Cape, Jonathan L. Edson, Joseph B. Spencer, Liam P. DeClue, Michael S. Ziock, Hans-Joachim Maurer, Sarah Rasmussen, Steen Monnard, Pierre-Alain Boncella, James M. TI Phototriggered DNA Phosphoramidate Ligation in a Tandem 5 '-Amine Deprotection/3 '-Imidazole Activated Phosphate Coupling Reaction SO BIOCONJUGATE CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID TEMPLATE-DIRECTED SYNTHESIS; POLYURIDYLIC ACID TEMPLATE; NONENZYMATIC SYNTHESIS; ELECTRON-TRANSFER; EUTECTIC PHASE; N-METHYL-4-PICOLINIUM ESTERS; RNA POLYMERIZATION; WATER-ICE; OLIGOMERIZATION; ADENOSINE AB We report the preparation and use of an N-methyl picolinium carbamate protecting group for applications in a phototriggered nonenzymatic DNA phosphoramidate ligation reaction. Selective 5'-amino protection of a modified 13-mer oligonucleotide is achieved in aqueous solution by reaction with an N-methyl-4-picolinium carbonyl imidazole triflate protecting group precursor. Deprotection is carried out R by photoinduced electron transfer from Ru(bpy)(3)(2+) using visible light photolysis and ascorbic acid as a sacrificial electron donor. Phototriggered 5'- amino oligonucleotide deprotection is used to initiate a nonenzymatic ligation of the 13-mer to an imidazole activated 3'-phospho-hairpin template to generate a ligated product with a phosphoramidate linkage. We demonstrate that this methodology offers a simple way to exert control over reaction initiation and rates in nonenzymatic DNA ligation for potential applications in the study of model protocellular systems and prebiotic nucleic acid synthesis. C1 [Cape, Jonathan L.; Edson, Joseph B.; Spencer, Liam P.; DeClue, Michael S.; Boncella, James M.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Mat Phys & Applicat Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Ziock, Hans-Joachim; Maurer, Sarah; Rasmussen, Steen; Monnard, Pierre-Alain] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Earth & Environm Sci Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Maurer, Sarah; Monnard, Pierre-Alain] Univ So Denmark, Inst Phys & Chem, Ctr Fundamental Living Technol, DK-5230 Odense, Denmark. [Rasmussen, Steen] Santa Fe Inst, Santa Fe, NM 87501 USA. RP Boncella, JM (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Mat Phys & Applicat Div, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM boncella@lanl.gov OI Boncella, James/0000-0001-8393-392X FU Laboratory-Directed Research and Development program at Los Alamos National Laboratory; NASA [NNH08AI88I]; EC [249032]; Center for Fundamental Living Technology (FLinT) at the University of Southern Denmark FX The authors are grateful for many fruitful discussions and suggestions from colleagues at Los Alamos National Laboratory and the University of Southern Denmark. Different aspects of this work were supported by the Laboratory-Directed Research and Development program at Los Alamos National Laboratory, in particular through the "Protocell Assembly" and "Coupling of genetics and metabolism and the origin of life" projects therein, as well as the NASA grant NNH08AI88I, the EC FP7 grant MatchIT (grant agreement no. 249032), and the Center for Fundamental Living Technology (FLinT) at the University of Southern Denmark. We also thank the reviewers for their insightful comments that greatly improved this manuscript. NR 45 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 26 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1043-1802 J9 BIOCONJUGATE CHEM JI Bioconjugate Chem. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 23 IS 10 BP 2014 EP 2019 DI 10.1021/bc300093y PG 6 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Organic SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA 020ZL UT WOS:000309855000003 PM 22985338 ER PT J AU Rivnay, J Mannsfeld, SCB Miller, CE Salleo, A Toney, MF AF Rivnay, Jonathan Mannsfeld, Stefan C. B. Miller, Chad E. Salleo, Alberto Toney, Michael F. TI Quantitative Determination of Organic Semiconductor Microstructure from the Molecular to Device Scale SO CHEMICAL REVIEWS LA English DT Review ID FIELD-EFFECT TRANSISTORS; X-RAY-SCATTERING; THIN-FILM TRANSISTORS; HETEROJUNCTION SOLAR-CELLS; CHARGE-TRANSPORT; HIGH-MOBILITY; REGIOREGULAR POLY(3-HEXYLTHIOPHENE); CONJUGATED POLYMER; CARRIER MOBILITY; REAL-TIME C1 [Rivnay, Jonathan; Salleo, Alberto] Stanford Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Mannsfeld, Stefan C. B.; Miller, Chad E.; Toney, Michael F.] SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, SSRL, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. RP Salleo, A (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. EM asalleo@stanford.edu; mftoney@slac.stanford.edu RI wo, peibin/F-4443-2014 FU Center for Advanced Molecular Photovoltaics, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) [KUS-C1-015-21] FX The authors would like to thank M. Chabinyc, H. Ade, B. Collins, R. Noriega, K. Vandewal, and D. Duong for fruitful discussions in the preparation of this review. Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource (SSRL) is a national user facility operated by Stanford University on behalf of the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences. This publication was partially supported by the Center for Advanced Molecular Photovoltaics (Award No. KUS-C1-015-21), made by King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST). NR 227 TC 319 Z9 319 U1 16 U2 293 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0009-2665 EI 1520-6890 J9 CHEM REV JI Chem. Rev. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 112 IS 10 BP 5488 EP 5519 DI 10.1021/cr3001109 PG 32 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 017YW UT WOS:000309628100012 PM 22877516 ER PT J AU Shumay, E Logan, J Volkow, ND Fowler, JS AF Shumay, Elena Logan, Jean Volkow, Nora D. Fowler, Joanna S. TI Evidence that the methylation state of the monoamine oxidase A (MAOA) gene predicts brain activity of MAO A enzyme in healthy men SO EPIGENETICS LA English DT Article DE monoamine oxidase A; DNA methylation; MAOA genotype; positron emission tomography ID POSITRON-EMISSION-TOMOGRAPHY; DNA METHYLATION; FUNCTIONAL POLYMORPHISM; MONOZYGOTIC TWINS; L-DEPRENYL; ASSOCIATION; PROMOTER; BINDING; DISORDER; GENOTYPE AB Human brain function is mediated by biochemical processes, many of which can be visualized and quantified by positron emission tomography (PET). PET brain imaging of monoamine oxidase A (MAO A)-an enzyme metabolizing neurotransmitters-revealed that MAO A levels vary widely between healthy men and this variability was not explained by the common MAOA genotype (VNTR genotype), suggesting that environmental factors, through epigenetic modifications, may mediate it. Here, we analyzed MAOA methylation in white blood cells (by bisulphite conversion of genomic DNA and subsequent sequencing of cloned DNA products) and measured brain MAO A levels (using PET and [C-11]clorgyline, a radiotracer with specificity for MAO A) in 34 healthy non-smoking male volunteers. We found significant interindividual differences in methylation status and methylation patterns of the core MAOA promoter. The VNTR genotype did not influence the methylation status of the gene or brain MAO A activity. In contrast, we found a robust association of the regional and CpG site-specific methylation of the core MAOA promoter with brain MAO A levels. These results suggest that the methylation status of the MAOA promoter (detected in white blood cells) can reliably predict the brain endophenotype. Therefore, the status of MAOA methylation observed in healthy males merits consideration as a variable contributing to interindividual differences in behavior. C1 [Shumay, Elena; Logan, Jean; Fowler, Joanna S.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Med, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Volkow, Nora D.] NIDA, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RP Shumay, E (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Med, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM eshumay@bnl.gov OI Logan, Jean/0000-0002-6993-9994 FU Brookhaven National Laboratory [DE-AC02-98CH10886]; CeNeRx BioPharma; Valeant Pharmaceuticals International; National Institutes of Health [KO1 DA02580, K05DA020001]; NIAAA intramural program at Brookhaven National Laboratory (NDV); NIH grant from the General Research Clinical Centers (Stony Brook University) [MO1RR10710] FX This study was performed at Brookhaven National Laboratory under contract DE-AC02-98CH10886 with infrastructure support from its Office of Biological and Environmental Research. Support for the MAO A studies came in part from CeNeRx BioPharma and Valeant Pharmaceuticals International and in part by the National Institutes of Health: NIDA awards KO1 DA02580 for ES and K05DA020001 for JSF; the NIAAA intramural program at Brookhaven National Laboratory (NDV) and by NIH grant MO1RR10710 from the General Research Clinical Centers (Stony Brook University). We are grateful to Dr Beth Milligan, Alice Shanklin and Alexander Scalia for technical assistance in conducting experimental tests, Joan Terry and Hai-Dee Lee for CRC operations, to Donald Warner, Michael Schueller and David Schlyer for PET and cyclotron operations, Payton King and David Alexoff for plasma analysis and to Colleen Shea, Lisa Muench and Youwen Xu for radiotracer synthesis. We are also grateful to the individuals who volunteered for these studies. NR 52 TC 30 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 14 PU LANDES BIOSCIENCE PI AUSTIN PA 1806 RIO GRANDE ST, AUSTIN, TX 78702 USA SN 1559-2294 J9 EPIGENETICS-US JI Epigenetics PD OCT PY 2012 VL 7 IS 10 BP 1151 EP 1160 DI 10.4161/epi.21976 PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 022LJ UT WOS:000309960600008 PM 22948232 ER PT J AU Chen, Y Orlovskaya, N Klimov, M Huang, X Cullen, D Graule, T Kuebler, J AF Chen, Y. Orlovskaya, N. Klimov, M. Huang, X. Cullen, D. Graule, T. Kuebler, J. TI Layered YSZ/SCSZ/YSZ Electrolytes for Intermediate Temperature SOFC Part I: Design and Manufacturing SO FUEL CELLS LA English DT Article DE Interface; Layered Electrolyte; Manufacturing; Scandia and Ceria Stabilized Zirconia; Solid Oxide Fuel Cell; Yttria Stabilized Zirconia ID STABILIZED ZIRCONIA ELECTROLYTE; OXIDE FUEL-CELLS; OXYGEN-ION TRANSPORT; ELECTRICAL-PROPERTIES; DOPED ZIRCONIA; MECHANICAL-BEHAVIOR; ACTIVATION-ENERGY; PHASE-TRANSITION; CEO2 ELECTROLYTE; CONDUCTIVITY AB (Sc2O3)0.1(CeO2)0.01(ZrO2)0.89 (SCSZ) ceramic electrolyte has superior ionic conductivity in the intermediate temperature range (700800?degrees C), but it does not exhibit good phase and chemical stability in comparison with 8?mol% Y2O3ZrO2 (YSZ). To maintain high ionic conductivity and improve the stability in the whole electrolyte, layered structures with YSZ outer layers and SCSZ inner layers were designed. Because of a mismatch of coefficients of thermal expansion and Young's moduli of SCSZ and YSZ phases, upon cooling of the electrolytes after sintering, thermal residual stresses will arise, leading to a possible strengthening of the layered composite and, therefore, an increase in the reliability of the electrolyte. Laminated electrolytes with three, four, and six layers design were manufactured using tape-casting, lamination, and sintering techniques. After sintering, while the thickness of YSZ outer layers remained constant at similar to 30?mu m, the thickness of the SCSZ inner layer varied from similar to 30?mu m for a YSCY three-layered electrolyte, similar to 60?mu m for a Y2SCY four-layered electrolyte, and similar to 120?mu m for a Y4SCY six-layered electrolyte. The microstructure, crystal structure, impurities present, and the density of the sintered electrolytes were characterized by scanning and transmission electron microscopy, X-ray and neutron diffraction, secondary ion mass spectroscopy, and water immersion techniques. C1 [Chen, Y.; Orlovskaya, N.] Univ Cent Florida, Dept Mech Mat & Aerosp Engn, Orlando, FL 32816 USA. [Klimov, M.] Univ Cent Florida, Mat Characterizat Facil, Orlando, FL 32826 USA. [Huang, X.] Univ S Carolina, Dept Mech Engn, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. [Huang, X.] Univ S Carolina, SOFC Program, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. [Cullen, D.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Graule, T.; Kuebler, J.] Empa, Mat Sci & Technol, Lab High Performance Ceram, CH-8600 Dubendorf, Switzerland. RP Chen, Y (reprint author), Univ Cent Florida, Dept Mech Mat & Aerosp Engn, 4000 Cent Florida Blvd, Orlando, FL 32816 USA. EM yanchen@knights.ucf.edu RI Chen, Yan/H-4913-2014; Cullen, David/A-2918-2015; OI Chen, Yan/0000-0001-6095-1754; Cullen, David/0000-0002-2593-7866; Kuebler, Jakob/0000-0003-1331-0721 FU NSF [DMR-0748364, CMMI-1030833]; Oak Ridge National Laboratory; Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. DOE; Scientific User Facilities Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy FX This work was supported by the NSF projects DMR-0748364 and CMMI-1030833, and Oak Ridge National Laboratory's Shared Research Equipment (ShaRE) User Program, sponsored by the Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. DOE. We thank Ashfia Huq and the additional instrument scientists for their assistance during the ORNL POWGEN Neutron Diffraction workshop. This research at Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Spallation Neutron Source, was sponsored by the Scientific User Facilities Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy. NR 54 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 50 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA BOSCHSTRASSE 12, D-69469 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 1615-6846 J9 FUEL CELLS JI Fuel Cells PD OCT PY 2012 VL 12 IS 5 BP 722 EP 731 DI 10.1002/fuce.201200008 PG 10 WC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels SC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels GA 019QC UT WOS:000309753400006 ER PT J AU Kriegler, E O'Neill, BC Hallegatte, S Kram, T Lempert, RJ Moss, RH Wilbanks, T AF Kriegler, Elmar O'Neill, Brian C. Hallegatte, Stephane Kram, Tom Lempert, Robert J. Moss, Richard H. Wilbanks, Thomas TI The need for and use of socio-economic scenarios for climate change analysis: A new approach based on shared socio-economic pathways SO GLOBAL ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGE-HUMAN AND POLICY DIMENSIONS LA English DT Article DE Socio-economic scenario; Climate change; Impact; Adaptation; Vulnerability; Integrated assessment modeling ID EMISSIONS SCENARIOS; 2ND-BEST WORLD; CHANGE IMPACTS; SRES; FRAMEWORK; ECONOMICS; POLICIES; SCALE AB Socio-economic scenarios constitute an important tool for exploring the long-term consequences of anthropogenic climate change and available response options. A more consistent use of socio-economic scenarios that would allow an integrated perspective on mitigation, adaptation and residual climate impacts remains a major challenge. We assert that the identification of a set of global narratives and socio-economic pathways offering scalability to different regional contexts, a reasonable coverage of key socio-economic dimensions and relevant futures, and a sophisticated approach to separating climate policy from counter-factual "no policy" scenarios would be an important step toward meeting this challenge. To this end, we introduce the concept of "shared socio-economic (reference) pathways". Sufficient coverage of the relevant socio-economic dimensions may be achieved by locating the pathways along the dimensions of challenges to mitigation and to adaptation. The pathways should be specified in an iterative manner and with close collaboration between integrated assessment modelers and impact, adaptation and vulnerability researchers to assure coverage of key dimensions, sufficient scalability and widespread adoption. They can be used not only as inputs to analyses, but also to collect the results of different climate change analyses in a matrix defined by two dimensions: climate exposure as characterized by a radiative forcing or temperature level and socio-economic development as classified by the pathways. For some applications, socio-economic pathways may have to be augmented by "shared climate policy assumptions" capturing global components of climate policies that some studies may require as inputs. We conclude that the development of shared socio-economic (reference) pathways, and integrated socio-economic scenarios more broadly, is a useful focal point for collaborative efforts between integrated assessment and impact, adaptation and vulnerability researchers. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Kriegler, Elmar] Potsdam Inst Climate Impact Res, D-14473 Potsdam, Germany. [O'Neill, Brian C.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. [Hallegatte, Stephane] CIRED, F-94736 Nogent Sur Marne, France. [Hallegatte, Stephane] Ecole Natl Meteorol, F-94736 Nogent Sur Marne, France. [Kram, Tom] PBL Netherlands Environm Assessment Agcy, NL-3720 AH Bilthoven, Netherlands. [Lempert, Robert J.] RAND Corp, Santa Monica, CA 90407 USA. [Moss, Richard H.] Univ Maryland, Pacific NW Natl Lab, Joint Global Change Res Inst, College Pk, MD 20740 USA. [Wilbanks, Thomas] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Kriegler, E (reprint author), Potsdam Inst Climate Impact Res, Telegrafenberg A31, D-14473 Potsdam, Germany. EM kriegler@pik-potsdam.de; boneill@ucar.edu; hallegatte@centre-cired.fr; Tom.Kram@pbl.nl; lempert@rand.org; rhm@pnl.gov; wilbankstj@ornl.gov RI O'Neill, Brian/E-6531-2013; Kriegler, Elmar/I-3048-2016 OI Kriegler, Elmar/0000-0002-3307-2647 NR 65 TC 101 Z9 102 U1 6 U2 98 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0959-3780 J9 GLOBAL ENVIRON CHANG JI Glob. Environ. Change-Human Policy Dimens. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 22 IS 4 BP 807 EP 822 DI 10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2012.05.005 PG 16 WC Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies; Geography SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geography GA 020DD UT WOS:000309788000002 ER PT J AU Hogg, MG Timoshkin, IV Given, MJ Wilson, MP MacGregor, SJ Wang, T Fouracre, RA Lehr, JM AF Hogg, M. G. Timoshkin, I. V. Given, M. J. Wilson, M. P. MacGregor, S. J. Wang, T. Fouracre, R. A. Lehr, J. M. TI Impulse Breakdown of Water with Different Conductivities SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON DIELECTRICS AND ELECTRICAL INSULATION LA English DT Article DE Impulse breakdown; water; pulsed power systems ID HIGH-POWER ULTRASOUND; ELECTRICAL BREAKDOWN; PULSED BREAKDOWN; SPARK DISCHARGES; LIQUIDS; FIELDS; STRENGTH; PLASMA; IMPACT AB The complexity of the impulse breakdown of liquid water is reflected by the dependency of pre-breakdown processes on the polarity, rise-time and wave-shape of the applied impulses as well as on physical properties, such as the electrical conductivity of water itself. Further understanding of the mechanisms of formation and propagation of impulse discharges in water and water solutions is therefore required to enable the development of pulsed power and plasma technologies. This paper presents a study of the dielectric behaviour of water stressed with positive and negative high voltage impulses in a point-plane electrode topology. Water with different conductivities including distilled water and tap water was investigated. The volt-time breakdown characteristic of water is discussed and the total pre-breakdown time has been obtained for both positive and negative polarity impulses for 2 mm, 5 mm and 10 mm inter-electrode distances. The Laue statistical analysis has been used in order to calculate the statistical and formative time lags. Using the formative time data the nominal breakdown velocity in water for positive and negative impulses has been obtained. It has been shown that the anode discharges propagate with supersonic velocities, up to similar to 20x10(5) cm/s, and the cathode discharges are sub-sonic with a maximal velocity of similar to 1x10(5) cm/s. Discharge velocities are slightly higher in distilled water as compared with tap water. Potential breakdown mechanisms which can explain the observed polarity effects in the transient pre-breakdown processes in liquid water stressed with high voltage impulses are discussed. C1 [Hogg, M. G.; Timoshkin, I. V.; Given, M. J.; Wilson, M. P.; MacGregor, S. J.; Wang, T.; Fouracre, R. A.] Univ Strathclyde, Dept Elect & Elect Engn, Glasgow G1 1XW, Lanark, Scotland. [Lehr, J. M.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Hogg, MG (reprint author), Univ Strathclyde, Dept Elect & Elect Engn, 204 George St, Glasgow G1 1XW, Lanark, Scotland. OI Wilson, Mark/0000-0003-3088-8541 NR 32 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 16 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 1070-9878 J9 IEEE T DIELECT EL IN JI IEEE Trns. Dielectr. Electr. Insul. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 19 IS 5 BP 1559 EP 1568 PG 10 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA 019IQ UT WOS:000309732300014 ER PT J AU Wilson, MP Timoshkin, IV Given, MJ MacGregor, SJ Wang, T Sinclair, MA Thomas, KJ Lehr, JM AF Wilson, Mark P. Timoshkin, Igor V. Given, Martin J. MacGregor, Scott J. Wang, T. Sinclair, Mark A. Thomas, Ken J. Lehr, Jane M. TI Breakdown of Mineral Oil: Effect of Electrode Geometry and Rate of Voltage Rise SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON DIELECTRICS AND ELECTRICAL INSULATION LA English DT Article DE Breakdown voltage; dielectric breakdown; dielectric liquids; oil insulation; power transformers; pulsed power supplies ID PROPAGATION; STREAMERS; POLYMERS; FIELD; GAPS AB Experimental data on the propagation of streamers in mineral oil is important for the design of high-voltage systems in the power and pulsed-power industries. In the present study, breakdown voltages and pre-breakdown delay times were measured for plane-parallel electrodes, and for two non-uniform electrode arrangements. For each geometry, the breakdown characteristics were determined for impulses of rise-time 100 ns, and also rise-time 1 mu s. The maximum rate of voltage rise (dV/dt) was 4 MV/mu s. For the non-uniform geometries with inter-electrode gap length of 8.5 mm, the time to breakdown was 2.5-3 times longer for impulses of rise-time 1 mu s than for 100 ns rise-time. The time-to-breakdown data suggest that streamer propagation velocity increases with higher values of dV/dt. For example, the estimated propagation velocity for pin-plane geometry with a 1 mu s rise-time is 10-12 km/s. At 100 ns rise-time for the same electrode geometry, the average propagation velocity exceeds 40 km/s. The results are compared with data previously generated in parallel liquid-solid gaps, and it is concluded that the time to breakdown is longer, and that higher applied fields are required to initiate breakdown, in open oil gaps compared to the case when a solid spacer is present. The results presented are intended to provide reference data for designers of oil-immersed, high-voltage systems such as power transformers and pulsed-power supplies. C1 [Wilson, Mark P.; Timoshkin, Igor V.; Given, Martin J.; MacGregor, Scott J.; Wang, T.] Univ Strathclyde, Dept Elect & Elect Engn, Inst Energy & Environm, Glasgow G1 1XW, Lanark, Scotland. [Sinclair, Mark A.; Thomas, Ken J.] AWE Aldermaston, Pulsed Power Grp, Reading RG7 4PR, Berks, England. [Lehr, Jane M.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Wilson, MP (reprint author), Univ Strathclyde, Dept Elect & Elect Engn, Inst Energy & Environm, Royal Coll Bldg,204 George St, Glasgow G1 1XW, Lanark, Scotland. OI Wilson, Mark/0000-0003-3088-8541 FU AWE Aldermaston FX M.P.W. gratefully acknowledges financial support of the study from AWE Aldermaston. NR 22 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 14 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 1070-9878 J9 IEEE T DIELECT EL IN JI IEEE Trns. Dielectr. Electr. Insul. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 19 IS 5 BP 1657 EP 1664 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA 019IQ UT WOS:000309732300026 ER PT J AU Holloway, MA Dilli, Z Seekhao, N Rodgers, JC AF Holloway, Michael A. Dilli, Zeynep Seekhao, Nuttiiya Rodgers, John C. TI Study of Basic Effects of HPM Pulses in Digital CMOS Integrated Circuit Inputs SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ELECTROMAGNETIC COMPATIBILITY LA English DT Article DE Electromagnetic interference; electrostatic discharge (ESD) protection circuits; high-power microwave (HPM) effects ID ESD PROTECTION; TRANSISTORS; ICS AB The potential of high-power microwave radiation to couple into and generate malfunction in microelectronic systems has become a serious concern; however, the underlying electronic mechanisms are not well understood. We present results of experiments on the response of a typical CMOS integrated circuit to pulsed microwave excitation. Our results show that electrostatic discharge protection devices detect the pulse envelope of the microwave carrier via its nonlinear conductance. The device characteristics are analyzed using device physics to describe the quasi-static and non-quasi-static behavior of the protection circuits and define the regime of operation in terms of excitation frequency. The results of experiments and analysis lead to the development of an improved effects model based on Berkeley Short-channel IGFET Model using a body resistor network. Good agreement between experiments and transient and harmonic-balance simulations is demonstrated. The results show that a deterministic method of evaluating electromagnetic effects using physical, scalable device parameters is feasible. C1 [Holloway, Michael A.; Seekhao, Nuttiiya; Rodgers, John C.] Univ Maryland, Inst Res Elect & Appl Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Dilli, Zeynep] Univ Maryland, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Dilli, Zeynep] FlexEl LLC, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Holloway, MA (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM mholloway@lanl.gov; dilli@umd.edu; nseekhao@umd.edu; rodgers@umd.edu FU Office of Naval Research [N000140911190]; Air Force Office of Scientific Research [FA95500910651] FX This work was supported in part by the Office of Naval Research under Grant N000140911190 (UMD Center for Applied Electromagnetics) and the Air Force Office of Scientific Research under Grant FA95500910651. NR 31 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 8 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-9375 J9 IEEE T ELECTROMAGN C JI IEEE Trans. Electromagn. Compat. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 54 IS 5 BP 1017 EP 1027 DI 10.1109/TEMC.2012.2188720 PG 11 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA 024YW UT WOS:000310149000007 ER PT J AU Uxa, S Belas, E Grill, R Praus, P James, RB AF Uxa, Stepan Belas, Eduard Grill, Roman Praus, Petr James, Ralph B. TI Determination of Electric-Field Profile in CdTe and CdZnTe Detectors Using Transient-Current Technique SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE CdTe; CdZnTe; electric-field profile; time-of-flight measurement; transient-current technique ID CHARGE COLLECTION; RAY-DETECTORS; GAMMA AB Transient-current technique was used for measuring the profile of the electric field in CdTe and CdZnTe samples excited by an Am-241 alpha-particle source. Current waveforms were analyzed by a general model, which involved both the effect of the space charge in the depleted region and charge trapping. The carrier mobility and the electric-field profile were also evaluated in this way. The maximum electric field was observed close to the cathode, whereas the minimum occurred near the anode. The decrease in the strength of the electric field from cathode to anode was explained in terms of a positive space charge formed in the detector's volume. Measurements under incomplete depletion, when an "inactive" region with zero electric field was observed under the anode, were reported as well. Space-charge densities of 10(11)-10(12) cm(-3) in CdTe and 10(10) cm(-3) in CdZnTe were evaluated. The dynamics of electron-hole plasma formed by a single alpha-particle absorption event was analyzed in detail and used as a complementary test of our reported model. An excellent agreement with theory was obtained. C1 [Uxa, Stepan; Belas, Eduard; Grill, Roman; Praus, Petr] Charles Univ Prague, Fac Math & Phys, Inst Phys, CZ-12116 Prague 2, Czech Republic. [James, Ralph B.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Uxa, S (reprint author), Charles Univ Prague, Fac Math & Phys, Inst Phys, CZ-12116 Prague 2, Czech Republic. EM uxa@karlov.mff.cuni.cz; belas@karlov.mff.cuni.cz; grill@karlov.mff.cuni.cz; praus@karlov.mff.cuni.cz; rjames@bnl.gov RI Grill, Roman/A-2109-2008; Praus, Petr/D-8792-2017 OI Grill, Roman/0000-0002-4615-8909; Praus, Petr/0000-0002-8272-0858 FU Grant Agency of the Czech Republic [102/09/H074]; Grant Agency of the Charles University [135710]; [SVV-2012-265306] FX This work is supported by the Grant SVV-2012-265306, by the Grant Agency of the Czech Republic under Contract No. 102/09/H074, and by the Grant Agency of the Charles University under Contract No. 135710. NR 22 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 2 U2 25 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-9499 EI 1558-1578 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 59 IS 5 BP 2402 EP 2408 DI 10.1109/TNS.2012.2211615 PN 3 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 024XD UT WOS:000310143400005 ER PT J AU Shin, KR Kang, YW Kim, SH Fathy, AE AF Shin, Ki R. Kang, Yoon W. Kim, Sang-Ho Fathy, Aly E. TI Investigation of Electromagnetic Field Perturbation With Respect to Mechanical Imperfections in Radio-Frequency Quadrupole (RFQ) Structure SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Field distribution; mechanical imperfection; radio frequency quadrupole (RFQ) AB Electromagnetic (EM) fields near the beam axis in a radio frequency quadrupole (RFQ) are very sensitive to dimensional changes especially on vane tip geometries. Due to measurement difficulties, field distribution around the beam axis is generally assumed to be equal to that measured outside of vane gaps in quadrants using a bead-pull technique. If an RFQ structure has any mechanical imperfections in its vanes, local field distributions around the beam axis could be different from the design field profiles. The distorted field may affect beam quality as well as the operational stability and reliability of the RFQ system. In order to understand changes of field distribution in the RFQ against localized mechanical imperfections, a study with systematic 3D simulations has been carried out using a model developed for the RFQ in Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) of Oak Ridge National Laboratory. Field information at various locations such as around the beam-axis, bead-pull positions, and pickup probe positions are investigated with the vane tip perturbations. Design considerations for proper field retuning with perturbation are also presented and discussed to help future RFQ designs. C1 [Shin, Ki R.; Fathy, Aly E.] Univ Tennessee, Elect Engn & Comp Sci Dept, Knoxville, TN 37916 USA. [Kang, Yoon W.; Kim, Sang-Ho] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, SNS, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Shin, KR (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Elect Engn & Comp Sci Dept, Knoxville, TN 37916 USA. EM shinkr@ornl.gov; kangyw@ornl.gov; kimsh@ornl.gov; fathy@eecs.utk.edu FU SNS through UT-Battelle, LLC [DE-AC05-00OR22725]; U.S. DOE; Research Accelerator Division of SNS FX This work was supported by the SNS through UT-Battelle, LLC, under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725 for the U.S. DOE.; The authors would like to thank the Basic Energy Sciences program of the U.S. DOE and the Research Accelerator Division of SNS for supporting this work. NR 25 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 4 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 59 IS 5 BP 2428 EP 2434 DI 10.1109/TNS.2012.2206052 PN 3 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 024XD UT WOS:000310143400009 ER PT J AU Tham, KV Ulaganathan, C Nambiar, N Greenwell, RL Britton, CL Ericson, MN Holleman, J Blalock, BJ AF Tham, K. V. Ulaganathan, C. Nambiar, N. Greenwell, R. L. Britton, C. L. Ericson, M. N. Holleman, J. Blalock, B. J. TI PVT Compensation for Wilkinson Single-Slope Measurement Systems SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Analog-to-digital converter (ADC); linear system; process, voltage, and temperature (PVT) compensation; PWLL; pulse-width modulator (PWM); single-slope measurement systems AB A pulse-width locked loop (PWLL) circuit is reported that compensates for process, voltage, and temperature (PVT) variations of a linear ramp generator within a 12-bitmulti-channel Wilkinson (single-slope integrating) Analog-to-Digital converter (ADC). This PWLL was designed and fabricated in a 0.5-mu m Silicon Germanium (SiGe) BiCMOS process. Simulation and silicon measurement data are shown that demonstrate a large improvement in the accuracy of the PVT-compensated ADC over the uncompensated ADC. C1 [Tham, K. V.] Intel Corp, Santa Clara, CA 95054 USA. [Nambiar, N.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Ulaganathan, C.; Greenwell, R. L.; Holleman, J.; Blalock, B. J.] Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Britton, C. L.; Ericson, M. N.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Tham, KV (reprint author), Intel Corp, Santa Clara, CA 95054 USA. EM kevin.vun.kiat.tham@intel.com; culagana@utk.edu; nnambiar@bnl.gov; rgreenwe@utk.edu; brittoncl@ornl.gov; ericsonmn@ornl.gov; jhollema@utk.edu; bblalock@eecs.utk.edu RI Ericson, Milton/H-9880-2016 OI Ericson, Milton/0000-0002-6628-4865 FU NASA ETDP [NNL06AA29C] FX This work was supported by the NASA ETDP program, under grant NNL06AA29C-Silicon Germanium Integrated Electronics for Extreme Environments. We are grateful to M. Watson, A. Keys, and the SiGe ETDP team led by Prof. J. Cressler of Georgia Tech for their contributions. NR 10 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 7 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 59 IS 5 BP 2444 EP 2450 DI 10.1109/TNS.2012.2212722 PN 3 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 024XD UT WOS:000310143400011 ER PT J AU Van Siclen, CD Seabury, EH Wharton, CJ Caffrey, AJ AF Van Siclen, C. DeW. Seabury, E. H. Wharton, C. J. Caffrey, A. J. TI Phenomenological Model for Predicting the Energy Resolution of Neutron-Damaged Coaxial HPGe Detectors SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Energy resolution; germanium detector; neutron damage ID SHAPES AB The peak energy resolution of germanium detectors deteriorates with increasing neutron fluence. This is due to hole capture at neutron-created defects in the crystal which prevents the full energy of the gamma-ray from being recorded by the detector. A phenomenological model of coaxial HPGe detectors is developed that relies on a single, dimensionless parameter that is related to the probability for immediate trapping of a mobile hole in the damaged crystal. As this trap parameter is independent of detector dimensions and type, the model is useful for predicting energy resolution as a function of neutron fluence. C1 [Van Siclen, C. DeW.; Seabury, E. H.; Wharton, C. J.; Caffrey, A. J.] Idaho Natl Lab, Nucl Nonproliferat Div, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. RP Van Siclen, CD (reprint author), Idaho Natl Lab, Nucl Nonproliferat Div, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. EM cvansiclen@gmail.com; edward.seabury@inl.gov; jayson.wharton@inl.gov; gus.caffrey@inl.gov FU Defense Threat Reduction Agency; U. S. Department of Energy (DoE); DoE Idaho Operations Office [DE-AC07-05ID14517] FX This work was supported by the Defense Threat Reduction Agency and the U. S. Department of Energy (DoE). It was performed at the Idaho National Laboratory, a DoE laboratory operated by Battelle Energy Alliance under DoE Idaho Operations Office Contract DE-AC07-05ID14517. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 4 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 59 IS 5 BP 2487 EP 2493 DI 10.1109/TNS.2012.2209896 PN 3 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 024XD UT WOS:000310143400017 ER PT J AU Zimmermann, S Anderson, JT Doering, D Joseph, J Lionberger, C Stezelberger, T Yaver, H AF Zimmermann, Sergio Anderson, John T. Doering, Dionisio Joseph, John Lionberger, Carl Stezelberger, Thorsten Yaver, Harold TI Implementation and Performance of the Electronics and Computing System of the Gamma Ray Energy Tracking In-Beam Nuclear Array (GRETINA) SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Data acquisition systems; digital signal processing; gamma-ray spectrometer; trigger systems ID DETECTORS AB The Gamma Ray Energy Tracking In-Beam Nuclear Array (GRETINA), a germanium detector system capable of measuring energy and position (within better than 2 mm rms) of gamma-ray interaction points and tracking multiple gamma-ray interactions, has been built. GRETINA is composed of seven detector modules, each with four high purity germanium crystals. Four custom designed electronics support the operation of the detectors: Digitizer/Digital Signal Processing (DSP), Trigger/Timing, Breakout Chassis and the Detector Interface Box. The Digitizer/DSP converts the analog information with 14-bit analog to digital converters operating at 100 MS/s, and digitally processes the data to determine the energy and timing information of the gamma interactions within a crystal. The computing system is composed of VME readout CPUs running VxWorks, which communicate with 62 dual-processor farm (each processor with four cores) through a 10 Gb/s Ethernet switch. The CPUs read out the digitizer/DSPs and send the data to the farm. The processors compute the position and track of the interactions of the gamma-ray inside the crystals. The processor farm is capable of processing in real-time the position of 20 000 gamma-ray/s. In this paper we will present the details of the implementation and performance of the electronics and computing system of GRETINA. C1 [Zimmermann, Sergio; Doering, Dionisio; Joseph, John; Lionberger, Carl; Stezelberger, Thorsten; Yaver, Harold] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Anderson, John T.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Zimmermann, S (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM szimmermann@lbl.gov FU Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX This work was supported by the Director, Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract DE-AC02-05CH11231. NR 8 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 4 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 59 IS 5 BP 2494 EP 2500 DI 10.1109/TNS.2012.2205587 PN 3 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 024XD UT WOS:000310143400018 ER PT J AU Joshi, RP Redondo, LMS Crawford, M AF Joshi, Ravi P. Redondo, Luis M. S. Crawford, Mark TI Special Issue on Pulsed Power Science and Technology SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PLASMA SCIENCE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Joshi, Ravi P.] Old Dominion Univ, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA. [Redondo, Luis M. S.] Lisbon Super Engn Inst, P-1959007 Lisbon, Portugal. [Crawford, Mark] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Joshi, RP (reprint author), Old Dominion Univ, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA. RI Redondo, Luis/A-3078-2009 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0093-3813 J9 IEEE T PLASMA SCI JI IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 40 IS 10 SI SI BP 2299 EP 2299 DI 10.1109/TPS.2012.2212792 PN 1 PG 1 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 021EG UT WOS:000309867500001 ER PT J AU Wilson, MP Given, MJ Timoshkin, IV MacGregor, SJ Wang, T Sinclair, MA Thomas, KJ Lehr, JM AF Wilson, Mark P. Given, Martin J. Timoshkin, Igor V. MacGregor, Scott J. Wang, Tao Sinclair, Mark A. Thomas, Kenneth J. Lehr, Jane M. TI Impulse-driven Surface Breakdown Data: A Weibull Statistical Analysis SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PLASMA SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Breakdown voltage; dielectric breakdown; flashover; pulse power systems; Weibull distribution ID UP TEST METHOD; VOLTAGE ESTIMATION; OIL; FLASHOVER; POLYMERS AB Surface breakdown of oil-immersed solids chosen to insulate high-voltage, pulsed-power systems is a problem that can lead to catastrophic failure. Statistical analysis of the breakdown voltages, or times, associated with such liquid-solid interfaces can reveal useful information to aid system designers in the selection of solid materials. Described in this paper are the results of a Weibull statistical analysis, applied to both breakdown-voltage data and time-to-breakdown data generated in gaps consisting of five different solid polymers immersed in mineral oil. Values of the location parameter gamma provide an estimate of the applied voltage below which breakdown will not occur, and under uniform-field conditions, gamma varied from 192 kV for polypropylene (PP) to zero for ultrahigh-molecular-weight polyethylene (UHMWPE). Longer times to breakdown were measured for UHMWPE when compared with the other materials. However, high values of the shape parameter beta reported in the present paper suggest greater sensitivity to an increase in applied voltage-that is, the probability of breakdown increases more sharply with increasing applied voltage for UHMWPE compared to the other materials. Analyzing peak-applied-voltage data, only PP consistently reflected a low value of beta across the different sets of test conditions. In general, longer mean times to breakdown were found for solid materials with permittivity more closely matched to that of the surrounding mineral oil. C1 [Wilson, Mark P.; Given, Martin J.; Timoshkin, Igor V.; MacGregor, Scott J.; Wang, Tao] Univ Strathclyde, Dept Elect & Elect Engn, Glasgow G1 1XW, Lanark, Scotland. [Sinclair, Mark A.; Thomas, Kenneth J.] AWE Aldermaston, Pulsed Power Grp, Reading RG7 4PR, Berks, England. [Lehr, Jane M.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Wilson, MP (reprint author), Univ Strathclyde, Dept Elect & Elect Engn, Glasgow G1 1XW, Lanark, Scotland. EM m.wilson@eee.strath.ac.uk; m.given@eee.strath.ac.uk; igor.timoshkin@eee.strath.ac.uk; s.macgregor@eee.strath.ac.uk; tao.wang@eee.strath.ac.uk; mark.sinclair@awe.co.uk; ken.thomas@awe.co.uk; jmlehr@sandia.gov OI Wilson, Mark/0000-0003-3088-8541 FU AWE Aldermaston FX Manuscript received October 14, 2011; accepted December 16, 2011. Date of publication January 23, 2012; date of current version October 5, 2012. This work was supported by AWE Aldermaston. NR 19 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 7 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0093-3813 EI 1939-9375 J9 IEEE T PLASMA SCI JI IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 40 IS 10 SI SI BP 2449 EP 2456 DI 10.1109/TPS.2011.2181172 PN 1 PG 8 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 021EG UT WOS:000309867500021 ER PT J AU Given, MJ Wilson, MP Timoshkin, IV MacGregor, SJ Wang, T Lehr, JM AF Given, Martin J. Wilson, Mark P. Timoshkin, Igor V. MacGregor, Scott J. Wang, Tao Lehr, Jane M. TI The Triggered Behavior of a Controlled Corona Stabilized Cascade Switch SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PLASMA SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Cascade switch; corona stabilization; pulse power; voltage grading ID TIME-DELAY DISTRIBUTIONS; SPARK DISCHARGES; CLOSING SWITCH; BREAKDOWN; GAS; NEON; HEXAFLUORIDE; PRESSURE; NITROGEN; DESIGN AB Corona stabilized switches have been shown to have advantages in pulse power switching applications due to their high repetition rates and low jitter. Work performed in recent years by the High Voltage Technologies Group within the Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering at the University of Strathclyde has shown that the operating voltage range of such switches can be extended by using a multigap cascade configuration. One particular multigap topology, filled with pressurized atmospheric air, was shown to operate at 80 kV with a switching jitter of similar to 2 ns. It has since been shown that, by modifying the topology of the corona sources on the electrodes, it is possible to control the grading of the voltage distribution across the gaps in the cascade. The voltages across each gap and the self-break behavior of the cascade were found to be in close agreement with the values predicted from the corona emission characteristics for the tested electrode topologies. This paper reports on a further examination of the behavior of the corona controlled switching topology, where the triggered operation of the switch has been investigated for different voltage distributions across the cascade gaps. C1 [Given, Martin J.; Wilson, Mark P.; Timoshkin, Igor V.; MacGregor, Scott J.; Wang, Tao] Univ Strathclyde, Dept Elect & Elect Engn, Glasgow G1 1XW, Lanark, Scotland. [Lehr, Jane M.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Given, MJ (reprint author), Univ Strathclyde, Dept Elect & Elect Engn, Glasgow G1 1XW, Lanark, Scotland. EM m.given@eee.strath.ac.uk; m.wilson@eee.strath.ac.uk; igor.timoshkin@eee.strath.ac.uk; s.macgregor@strath.ac.uk; t.wang@eee.strath.ac.uk; jmlehr@sandia.gov OI Given, Martin/0000-0002-6354-2486 NR 28 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0093-3813 J9 IEEE T PLASMA SCI JI IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 40 IS 10 SI SI BP 2470 EP 2479 DI 10.1109/TPS.2012.2206058 PN 1 PG 10 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 021EG UT WOS:000309867500024 ER PT J AU Glover, SF Davis, JP Schneider, LX Reed, KW Pena, GE Hall, CA Hanshaw, HL Hickman, RJ Hodge, KC Lemke, RW Lehr, JM Lucero, DJ McDaniel, DH Puissant, JG Rudys, JM Sceiford, ME Tullar, SJ Van De Valde, DM White, FE Warne, LK Coats, RS Johnson, WA AF Glover, Steven F. Davis, Jean-Paul Schneider, L. X. Reed, K. W. Pena, G. E. Hall, C. A. Hanshaw, H. L. Hickman, R. J. Hodge, K. C. Lemke, R. W. Lehr, J. M. Lucero, Diego J. McDaniel, D. H. Puissant, J. G. Rudys, J. M. Sceiford, M. E. Tullar, S. J. Van De Valde, D. M. White, Forest E. Warne, L. K. Coats, Rebecca S. Johnson, William A. TI Impact of Time-Varying Loads on the Programmable Pulsed Power Driver Called Genesis SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PLASMA SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Current control; dynamic load; equation of state; genetic algorithms; isentropic compression; modeling; programmable control; pulse shaping; pulsed power AB The success of dynamic materials properties research at Sandia National Laboratories has led to research into ultralow impedance, compact pulsed power systems capable of multi-MA shaped current pulses with rise times ranging from 220 to 500 ns. The Genesis design consists of two hundred and forty 200 kV, 80 kA modules connected in parallel to a solid dielectric disk transmission line and is capable of producing 280 kbar of magnetic pressure (> 500 kbar pressure in high Z materials) in a 1.75 nH, 20-mm wide stripline load. Stripline loads operating under these conditions expand during the experiment resulting in a time-varying load that can impact the performance and lifetime of the system. This paper provides analysis of time-varying stripline loads and the impact of these loads on system performance. Further, an approach to reduce dielectric stress levels through active damping is presented as a means to increase system reliability and lifetime. C1 [Glover, Steven F.; Davis, Jean-Paul; Schneider, L. X.; Reed, K. W.; Pena, G. E.; Hall, C. A.; Hanshaw, H. L.; Hickman, R. J.; Lemke, R. W.; Lehr, J. M.; McDaniel, D. H.; Rudys, J. M.; Sceiford, M. E.; Warne, L. K.; Coats, Rebecca S.; Johnson, William A.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Hodge, K. C.; Lucero, Diego J.; Puissant, J. G.; Tullar, S. J.; White, Forest E.] Raytheon Ktech Corp, Albuquerque, NM 87123 USA. [Van De Valde, D. M.] EG&G, Albuquerque, NM 87107 USA. RP Glover, SF (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM sfglove@sandia.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000] FX Sandia National Laboratories is a multi-program laboratory managed and operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corporation, for the U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. NR 15 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 7 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0093-3813 J9 IEEE T PLASMA SCI JI IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 40 IS 10 SI SI BP 2588 EP 2596 DI 10.1109/TPS.2012.2185070 PN 1 PG 9 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 021EG UT WOS:000309867500037 ER PT J AU Glover, SF White, FE Foster, PJ Lucero, DJ Schneider, LX Reed, KW Pena, GE Davis, JP Hall, CA Hickman, RJ Hodge, KC Lemke, RW Lehr, JM McDaniel, DH Puissant, JG Rudys, JM Sceiford, ME Tullar, SJ Van De Valde, DM AF Glover, Steven F. White, Forest E. Foster, P. J. Lucero, Diego J. Schneider, L. X. Reed, K. W. Pena, G. E. Davis, Jean-Paul Hall, C. A. Hickman, R. J. Hodge, K. C. Lemke, R. W. Lehr, J. M. McDaniel, D. H. Puissant, J. G. Rudys, J. M. Sceiford, M. E. Tullar, S. J. Van De Valde, D. M. TI Status of Genesis a 5-MA Programmable Pulsed Power Driver SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PLASMA SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Current adding; current control; equation of state; genetic algorithms; isentropic compression; modeling; programmable control; pulsed power; pulse shaping ID ISENTROPIC COMPRESSION EXPERIMENTS AB Genesis is a compact pulsed power platform designed by Sandia National Laboratories to generate precision shaped multi-MA current waves with a rise time of 200-500 ns. In this system, two hundred and forty, 200 kV, 80 kA modules are selectively triggered to produce 280 kbar of magnetic pressure (>500 kbar pressure in high Z materials) in a stripline load for dynamic materials properties research. This new capability incorporates the use of solid dielectrics to reduce system inductance and size, programmable current shaping, and gas switches that must perform over a large range of operating conditions. Research has continued on this technology base with a focus on demonstrating the integrated performance of key concepts into a Genesis-like prototype called Protogen. Protogen measures approximately 1.4 m by 1.4 m and is designed to hold 12 Genesis modules. A fixed inductance load will allow rep-rate operation for component reliability and system lifetime experiments at the extreme electric field operating conditions expected in Genesis. C1 [Glover, Steven F.; Schneider, L. X.; Reed, K. W.; Pena, G. E.; Davis, Jean-Paul; Hall, C. A.; Hickman, R. J.; Lemke, R. W.; Lehr, J. M.; McDaniel, D. H.; Rudys, J. M.; Sceiford, M. E.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [White, Forest E.; Lucero, Diego J.; Hodge, K. C.; Puissant, J. G.; Tullar, S. J.] Raytheon Ktech Corp, Albuquerque, NM 87123 USA. [Foster, P. J.] Def Nucl Facil Safety Board, Washington, DC 20004 USA. [Van De Valde, D. M.] EG&G, Albuquerque, NM 87107 USA. RP Glover, SF (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM sfglove@sandia.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000] FX Sandia National Laboratories is a multi-program laboratory managed and operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corporation, for the U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. NR 17 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 4 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0093-3813 J9 IEEE T PLASMA SCI JI IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 40 IS 10 SI SI BP 2629 EP 2636 DI 10.1109/TPS.2012.2185071 PN 1 PG 8 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 021EG UT WOS:000309867500043 ER PT J AU Miller, CL Welch, DR Rose, DV Campbell, RB Oliver, BV Webb, TJ Flicker, DG AF Miller, Craig L. Welch, Dale R. Rose, David V. Campbell, Robert B. Oliver, Bryan V. Webb, Timothy J. Flicker, Dawn G. TI Simulations of Dynamic Laser/Plasma X-Ray Production SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PLASMA SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Bremsstrahlung; pulsed-power systems; simulation ID Z-BEAMLET LASER; TRANSPORT; RADIOGRAPHY; CELL AB Intense laser beams focused onto thin high-atomic-number targets can generate short intense bursts of MeV X-rays from a small area of the target. Such systems are being developed as short-pulse point-projection X-ray sources for imaging high-density objects. Here, large-scale (400-million macroparticles and 15-million grid cells) 3-D particle-in-cell simulations are described that model the dynamic interaction between the laser beam, a blowoff plasma layer, and the solid-density target. The simulations self-consistently treat the nonlinear interaction between the incident laser pulse and the blowoff plasma layer where a relativistic electron beam is generated. This beam propagates into the solid-density high-atomic-number target where MeV bremsstrahlung is generated. The model tracks the generation, propagation, and self-absorption of radiation in the blowoff plasma, target, and beyond. Radiation production (fluence and energy spectrum) is characterized in the simulations as a function transverse target size, laser-injection angle, and laser energy. The simulated X-ray fluence for the case of a 45 degrees-angle-of-incidence 100-J 0.5-ps laser pulse with a 6-mu m FWHM focus produces a peak dose in excess of 0.2 rad from a 10-mu m-thick square gold target, consistent with experimental measurements. C1 [Miller, Craig L.; Welch, Dale R.; Rose, David V.] Voss Sci LLC, Albuquerque, NM 87108 USA. [Campbell, Robert B.; Oliver, Bryan V.; Webb, Timothy J.; Flicker, Dawn G.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Miller, CL (reprint author), Voss Sci LLC, Albuquerque, NM 87108 USA. EM craigm@vosssci.com; dalew@vosssci.com; davidr@vosssci.com; rbcampb@sandia.gov; bvolive@sandia.gov; tjwebb@sandia.gov; dgflick@sandia.gov FU National Nuclear Security Administration, United States Department of Energy [DE-AC04-94-AL85000] FX This work was supported by Sandia National Laboratories. Sandia National Laboratories is a multiprogram laboratory operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Company, for the National Nuclear Security Administration, United States Department of Energy, under Contract DE-AC04-94-AL85000. NR 16 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 14 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0093-3813 J9 IEEE T PLASMA SCI JI IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 40 IS 10 SI SI BP 2658 EP 2666 DI 10.1109/TPS.2012.2195204 PN 1 PG 9 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 021EG UT WOS:000309867500047 ER PT J AU Dias, CC Moraes, MP Weiss, M Diaz-San Segundo, F Perez-Martin, E Salazar, AM de los Santos, T Grubman, MJ AF Dias, Camila C. Moraes, Mauro P. Weiss, Marcelo Diaz-San Segundo, Fayna Perez-Martin, Eva Salazar, Andres M. de los Santos, Teresa Grubman, Marvin J. TI Novel Antiviral Therapeutics to Control Foot-and-Mouth Disease SO JOURNAL OF INTERFERON AND CYTOKINE RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID POLYRIBOINOSINIC-POLYRIBOCYTIDYLIC ACID; EQUINE ENCEPHALOMYELITIS VIRUS; AVIAN INFLUENZA-VIRUSES; RAPIDLY PROTECTS SWINE; YELLOW-FEVER VACCINE; TOLL-LIKE RECEPTORS; IMMUNE-RESPONSES; INTERFERON-ALPHA; SUBUNIT VACCINE; GENE-EXPRESSION AB Foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) causes a highly contagious disease of cloven-hoofed animals. Vaccines require similar to 7 days to induce protection; thus, before this time, vaccinated animals are still susceptible to the disease. Our group has previously shown that swine inoculated with 1 x 10(11) focus forming units (FFU) of a replication-defective human adenovirus containing the gene for porcine interferon alpha (Adt-pIFN-alpha) are sterilely protected from FMDV serotypes A24, O1 Manisa, or Asia 1 when the animals are challenged 1 day postadministration, and protection can last for 3-5 days. Polyriboinosinic-polyribocytidylic acid stabilized with poly-l-lysine and carboxymethyl cellulose (poly ICLC) is a synthetic double-stranded RNA that is a viral mimic and activates multiple innate immune pathways through interaction with toll-like receptor 3 and MDA-5. It is a potent inducer of IFNs. In this study, we initially examined the effect of poly IC and IFN-alpha on FMDV replication and gene induction in cell culture. Poly ICLC alone or combined with Adt-pIFN-alpha was then evaluated for its therapeutic efficacy in swine against intradermal challenge with FMDV A24, 1 day post-treatment. Groups of swine were subcutaneously inoculated either with poly ICLC alone (4 or 8mg) or in combination with different doses of Adt-pIFN-alpha (2.5 x 10(9), 1 x 10(9), or 2.5 x 10(8) FFU). While different degrees of protection were achieved in all the treated animals, a dose of 8mg of poly ICLC alone or combined with 1 x 10(9) FFU of Adt-pIFN-alpha was sufficient to sterilely protect swine when challenged 24 h later with FMDV A24. IFN-stimulated gene (ISG) expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells at 1 day post-treatment was broader and higher in protected animals than in nonprotected animals. These data indicate that poly ICLC is a potent stimulator of IFN and ISGs in swine and at an adequate dose is sufficient to induce complete protection against FMD. C1 [Dias, Camila C.; Moraes, Mauro P.; Weiss, Marcelo; Diaz-San Segundo, Fayna; Perez-Martin, Eva; de los Santos, Teresa; Grubman, Marvin J.] ARS, Plum Isl Anim Dis Ctr, N Atlantic Area, USDA, Greenport, NY 11944 USA. [Dias, Camila C.; Weiss, Marcelo; Perez-Martin, Eva] Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, PIADC Res Participat Program, Oak Ridge, TN USA. [Moraes, Mauro P.] Univ Connecticut, Dept Pathobiol & Vet Sci, Storrs, CT USA. [Salazar, Andres M.] Oncovir Inc, Washington, DC USA. RP Grubman, MJ (reprint author), ARS, Plum Isl Anim Dis Ctr, N Atlantic Area, USDA, POB 848, Greenport, NY 11944 USA. EM marvin.grubman@ars.usda.gov RI Weiss, Marcelo/I-1274-2012 OI Weiss, Marcelo/0000-0001-7902-3210 FU Plum Island Animal Disease Research Participation Program; CRIS [1940-32000-053-00D]; U.S. Department of Homeland Security [HSHQPD-07-X-00003, HSHQDC-09-X-00373] FX This research was supported in part by the Plum Island Animal Disease Research Participation Program administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education through an interagency agreement between the U. S. Department of Energy and the U. S. Department of Agriculture (appointments of Camila C. A. Dias, Marcelo Weiss, and Eva Perez-Martin), by CRIS project number 1940-32000-053-00D, ARS, USDA (M.J. Grubman and T. de los Santos), and by an interagency agreement with the Science and Technology Directorate of the U.S. Department of Homeland Security under the Award Numbers HSHQPD-07-X-00003 and HSHQDC-09-X-00373 (M.J. Grubman and T. de los Santos). The authors thank Douglas E. Brough and Damodar Ettyreddy from GenVec Inc. for supplies of the Adt vectors; Fawzi Mohamed, FADDL, for performing a histopathological analysis on the animals that died in the various trials; and the animal care staff at PIADC for their professional support and assistance. NR 57 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 18 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT, INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1079-9907 J9 J INTERF CYTOK RES JI J. Interferon Cytokine Res. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 32 IS 10 BP 462 EP 473 DI 10.1089/jir.2012.0012 PG 12 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology; Immunology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology; Immunology GA 022QE UT WOS:000309974900003 PM 22924938 ER PT J AU Van den Bosch, J Coen, G Hosemann, P Maloy, SA AF Van den Bosch, J. Coen, G. Hosemann, P. Maloy, S. A. TI On the LME susceptibility of Si enriched steels SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID LIQUID-METAL EMBRITTLEMENT; LEAD-BISMUTH; STRAIN-RATE; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; CORROSION-RESISTANCE; MARTENSITIC STEEL; T91 STEEL; PB-BI; PENETRATION; TOUGHNESS AB The addition of silicon to steels has been found to strongly increase the material's resistance to corrosion in liquid lead-bismuth eutectic environment; however the mechanical properties of ferritic-martensitic elevated silicon steels are also strongly affected by the liquid metal environment. This paper discusses the assessment of the mechanical properties of silicon enriched high Cr steels T91, T91-Si, EP823, S2439 and S2440 when in contact with LBE. The stability and strength of the material's oxide layer was examined by nano-indentation and the oxide layer of EP823 was found to be harder and stiffer than that of T91. Furthermore, the nano-indents caused cracking of the oxide layer at the matrix-oxide interface in EP823 while no cracks were observed due to nano-indentation in the T91 oxide layer. These findings are then related to the respective material's susceptibility to liquid metal embrittlement. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Van den Bosch, J.; Maloy, S. A.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Coen, G.] CEN SCK, B-2400 Mol, Belgium. [Coen, G.] UGent, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium. [Hosemann, P.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Van den Bosch, J (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM jvdbosch@lanl.gov RI Maloy, Stuart/A-8672-2009 OI Hosemann, Peter/0000-0003-2281-2213; Maloy, Stuart/0000-0001-8037-1319 NR 43 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 2 U2 36 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 429 IS 1-3 BP 105 EP 112 DI 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2012.05.017 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 020HH UT WOS:000309799100014 ER PT J AU Kelly, AM Field, RD Thoma, DJ AF Kelly, A. M. Field, R. D. Thoma, D. J. TI Metallographic preparation techniques for U-6 wt.%Nb SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID PERCENT NIOBIUM ALLOY; SHAPE-MEMORY ALLOYS; U-NB; URANIUM-NIOBIUM; BEHAVIOR; PHASES AB A new metallographic preparation technique has been developed for uranium-niobium (U-Nb) alloys. The technique uses a single methodology to optimally elucidate microstructural features without preparation artifacts and permits inclusion retention and identification. Specific examples of the applicability of this metallographic preparation technique are provided for U-6 wt.%Nb. This technique has been successfully applied to numerous specimens with various thermomechanical histories to clearly resolve solidification, metastable martensite, and equilibrium structures. These results demonstrate that prior knowledge of a sample's thermal history is not required for an effective metallographic evaluation and highlight the versatility of this technique. The beneficial features to reduce environmental impact are also discussed. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Field, R. D.; Thoma, D. J.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Mat Design Inst, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Field, RD (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Mat Design Inst, MST 6,Mail Stop G770,POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM rdfield@lanl.gov FU DOE [W-7405-ENG-36] FX The authors gratefully acknowledge Patricia Dickerson and Pallas Papin for their contributions in the preparation of TEM foils and Ms. Papin for the electron microprobe analysis. We would also like to thank Duncan Hammon, Ellen Cerreta, Rob Aiken and Larry Hull for providing some of the unique materials featured in this article. This work was supported under DOE Contract No. W-7405-ENG-36. NR 19 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 4 U2 20 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 EI 1873-4820 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 429 IS 1-3 BP 118 EP 127 DI 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2012.05.013 PG 10 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 020HH UT WOS:000309799100016 ER PT J AU Saw, CK Haschke, JM Allen, PG Mclean, W Dinh, LN AF Saw, C. K. Haschke, J. M. Allen, P. G. Mclean, W., II Dinh, L. N. TI Hydrogen corrosion of plutonium: Evidence for fast grain-boundary reaction and slower intragrain reaction SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID TOTAL HEMISPHERICAL EMITTANCE; HYDRIDE AB Infrared pyrometer measurements of reaction-site dimensions and temperature profiles during growth of single hydrogen corrosion sites after exposure of Pu to H-2 are consistent with a multi-step reaction sequence for hydride formation. The observed temperature increases within the reaction sites are less than predicted by a thermal model which assumes complete hydriding within the corrosion area. Those results and observation of low average H/Pu ratios imply that initial products are mixtures of PuH2 and metal grains dislodged by grain-boundary hydriding. Such mixtures are formed by fast grain-boundary reaction and slower intragrain reaction as hydrogen corrosion advances into Pu metal. Emissivities of plutonium hydride and oxide-coated metal are reported. The differences in reaction rates induced by variation in Pu mounting orientations, where hydride products either fell free from the substrate or were retained on the surface, are also described. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Saw, C. K.; Haschke, J. M.; Allen, P. G.; Mclean, W., II; Dinh, L. N.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Dinh, LN (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, 7000 East Ave,Mail Stop L 091, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM Dinh1@llnl.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344] FX This work performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. NR 20 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 21 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 429 IS 1-3 BP 128 EP 135 DI 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2012.05.044 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 020HH UT WOS:000309799100017 ER PT J AU Kim, I Khatkhatay, F Jiao, L Swadener, G Cole, JI Gan, J Wang, HY AF Kim, Ickchan Khatkhatay, Fauzia Jiao, Liang Swadener, Greg Cole, James I. Gan, Jian Wang, Haiyan TI TiN-based coatings on fuel cladding tubes for advanced nuclear reactors SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID TITANIUM NITRIDE; CORROSION BEHAVIOR; DIFFUSION BARRIER; THIN-FILMS; STEEL; DEPOSITION AB Titanium nitride (TiN) thin films are coated on HT-9 and MA957 fuel cladding tubes and bars to explore their mechanical strength, thermal stability, diffusion barrier properties, and thermal conductivity properties. The ultimate goal is to implement TiN as an effective diffusion barrier to prevent the inter-diffusion between the nuclear fuel and the cladding material, and thus lead to a longer lifetime of the cladding tubes. Mechanical tests including hardness and scratch tests for the samples before and after thermal cycle tests show that the films have a high hardness of 28 GPa and excellent adhesion properties despite the thermal treatment. Thermal conductivity measurements demonstrate that the thin TiN films have very minimal impact on the overall thermal conductivity of the MA957 and HT-9 substrates, i.e., the thermal conductivity of the uncoated HT-9 and MA957 substrates was 26.25 and 28.44 W m(-1) K-1, and that of the coated ones was 26.21 and 28.38 W m(-1) K-1, respectively. A preliminary Ce diffusion test on the couple of Ce/TiN/HT-9 suggests that TiN has excellent material compatibility and good diffusion barrier properties. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Kim, Ickchan; Khatkhatay, Fauzia; Jiao, Liang; Wang, Haiyan] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Swadener, Greg] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Cole, James I.; Gan, Jian] Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. RP Wang, HY (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. EM wangh@ece.tamu.edu RI Wang, Haiyan/P-3550-2014; OI Wang, Haiyan/0000-0002-7397-1209; Cole, James/0000-0003-1178-5846; Swadener, John G/0000-0001-5493-3461 FU Idaho National Laboratory through the Department of Energy (DOE) FX This work was funded by the Idaho National Laboratory through subcontract under the Department of Energy (DOE). NR 26 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 2 U2 30 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 429 IS 1-3 BP 143 EP 148 DI 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2012.05.001 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 020HH UT WOS:000309799100019 ER PT J AU Uwaba, T Maeda, S Mizuno, T Teague, MC AF Uwaba, Tomoyuki Maeda, Seiichiro Mizuno, Tomoyasu Teague, Melissa C. TI Study on the mechanism of diametral cladding strain and mixed-oxide fuel element breaching in slow-ramp extended overpower transients SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID STAINLESS-STEEL; HIGH BURNUPS; REACTOR; BEHAVIOR; PINS AB Cladding strain caused by fuel/cladding mechanical interaction (FCMI) was evaluated for mixed-oxide fuel elements subjected to 70-90% slow-ramp extended overpower transient tests in the experimental breeder reactor II. Calculated transient-induced cladding strains were correlated with cumulative damage fractions (CDFs) using cladding strength correlations. In a breached high-smeared density solid fuel element with low strength cladding, cladding thermal creep strain was significantly increased to approximately half the transient-induced cladding strain that was considered to be caused by the tertiary creep when the CDF was close to the breach criterion (=1.0), with the remaining strain due to instantaneous plastic deformation. In low-smeared density annular fuel elements, FCMI load was significantly mitigated and resulted in little cladding strain. The CDFs of the annular fuel elements were lower than 0.01 at the end of the overpower transient, indicating a substantial margin to breach. A substantial margin to breach was also maintained in a high-smeared density fuel element with high strength cladding. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Uwaba, Tomoyuki] Japan Atom Energy Agcy, Oarai, Ibaraki 3111393, Japan. [Maeda, Seiichiro; Mizuno, Tomoyasu] Japan Atom Energy Agcy, Takaishi, Ibaraki 3191194, Japan. [Teague, Melissa C.] Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. RP Uwaba, T (reprint author), Japan Atom Energy Agcy, 4002 Narita Cho, Oarai, Ibaraki 3111393, Japan. EM uwaba.tomoyuki@jaea.go.jp NR 16 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 429 IS 1-3 BP 149 EP 158 DI 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2012.05.042 PG 10 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 020HH UT WOS:000309799100020 ER PT J AU Buechele, AC McKeown, DA Lukens, WW Shuh, DK Pegg, IL AF Buechele, Andrew C. McKeown, David A. Lukens, Wayne W. Shuh, David K. Pegg, Ian L. TI Tc and Re behavior in borosilicate waste glass vapor hydration tests II SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID RAY-ABSORPTION SPECTROSCOPY; PHASE HYDRATION; FINE-STRUCTURE; TECHNETIUM; SPECIATION; CHEMISTRY; RHENIUM AB Technetium (Tc-99) is a significant environmental risk factor to consider for nuclear waste disposal repositories. Rhenium (Re), in the same column of the periodic table as Tc, is often used as a non-radioactive surrogate for Tc. Six waste glasses containing both Tc and Re were synthesized under a variety of redox conditions to produce different distributions of Tc and Re oxidation states. These glasses were exposed to vapor hydration tests (VHT) at 200 degrees C for 23 to 30 days; and the Tc and Re oxidation state, coordination environment, and spatial distribution within the altered coupons were determined. Compared with the original glasses, the corresponding VHT samples showed substantial reduction of Tc species, except where the original glass contained only reduced Tc (Tc4+). Similar to earlier findings, Tc is more sensitive to redox conditions than Re with respect to both glass synthesis conditions and VHT alteration processes. Glasses that originally contained more oxidized Tc (near 100% Tc7+) showed the most Tc enrichment in the altered VHT sample layers, where Tc was largely reduced to Tc4+. Re is generally more oxidized than Tc in the samples measured and has similar spatial distributions as Tc in some VHT samples, while having very different spatial distributions compared with Tc in others. Glasses that originally had a distribution of Tc oxidation states (approximately 1:1 Tc4+ to Tc7+.), had Tc concentrations in the VHT altered layers that were approximately equal to or less than those found in the unaltered glass. However, in the same samples, Re concentrations were highest in the altered layers. Overall, with regard to spatial distributions within the altered VHT layers, the behavior of Re was not a good predictor of Tc behavior. Therefore, at least under VHT conditions, using Re as a non-radioactive surrogate for Tc in borosilicate waste glasses can provide misleading results. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Buechele, Andrew C.; McKeown, David A.; Pegg, Ian L.] Catholic Univ Amer, Vitreous State Lab, Washington, DC 20064 USA. [Lukens, Wayne W.; Shuh, David K.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Actinide Chem Grp, Chem Sci Div,Glenn T Seaborg Ctr, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP McKeown, DA (reprint author), Catholic Univ Amer, Vitreous State Lab, 620 Michigan Ave NE, Washington, DC 20064 USA. EM davidm@vsl.cua.edu FU U.S. Department of Energy's Environmental Management Science Program (EMSP) [DE-FG02-04ER63814]; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences Division at LBNL [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; U.S. DOE Office of Biological and Environmental Research; National Institutes of Health, National Center for Research Resources, Biomedical Technology Program [P41RR001209] FX This work was supported in part by grant DE-FG02-04ER63814 to Catholic University from the U.S. Department of Energy's Environmental Management Science Program (EMSP). Part of this research was conducted at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences Division at LBNL under Contract Number DE-AC02-05CH11231. Portions of this research were carried out at the Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, a Directorate of SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory and an Office of Science User Facility operated for the U.S. DOE Office of Science by Stanford University. The SSRL Structural Molecular Biology Program is supported by the U.S. DOE Office of Biological and Environmental Research, and by the National Institutes of Health, National Center for Research Resources, Biomedical Technology Program (P41RR001209). NR 21 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 2 U2 39 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 429 IS 1-3 BP 159 EP 165 DI 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2012.05.032 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 020HH UT WOS:000309799100021 ER PT J AU Zhuo, MJ Uberuaga, BP Yan, L Fu, EG Dickerson, RM Wang, YQ Misra, A Nastasi, M Jia, QX AF Zhuo, M. J. Uberuaga, B. P. Yan, L. Fu, E. G. Dickerson, R. M. Wang, Y. Q. Misra, A. Nastasi, M. Jia, Q. X. TI Radiation damage at the coherent anatase TiO2/SrTiO3 interface under Ne ion irradiation SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID THRESHOLD DISPLACEMENT ENERGIES; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS SIMULATION; LATTICE DISORDER; IMPLANTED TIO2; RUTILE TIO2; OXIDES; RECRYSTALLIZATION; MICROSTRUCTURE; TEMPERATURE; COMPOSITES AB Epitaxial anatase TiO2 films with thickness of around 300 nm were deposited on SrTiO3 and irradiated with 250 key Ne ions at room temperature. X-ray diffraction, Rutherford backscattering spectrometry, and transmission electron microscopy were used to characterize the microstructural changes under irradiation. Two primary features are observed in the irradiated material: a damaged layer with a high density of nano-sized defects including dislocation loops was observed in the TiO2 film and, near the TiO2/SrTiO3 interface, a defect denuded zone formed on the TiO2 side while an amorphous layer formed on the SrTiO3 side. Atomistic calculations attribute the formation of both the defect-denuded zone and the interfacial amorphous layer not to the interaction between the irradiation induced defects and the TiO2/SrTiO3 hetero-interface but rather differences in chemical potential and mobilities for defects in each of the two phases. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Uberuaga, B. P.; Dickerson, R. M.; Wang, Y. Q.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Zhuo, M. J.; Yan, L.; Fu, E. G.; Misra, A.; Nastasi, M.; Jia, Q. X.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Integrated Nanotechnol, Mat Phys & Applicat Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Uberuaga, BP (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM mjzhuo@gmail.com; blas@lanl.gov; qxjia@lanl.gov RI Dickerson, Robert/C-9237-2013; Jia, Q. X./C-5194-2008 FU Center for Materials at Irradiation and Mechanical Extremes, an Energy Frontier Research Center; U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [2008LANL1026]; National Nuclear Security Administration of the U.S. DOE [DE-AC52-06NA25396] FX The authors wish to acknowledge K.E. Sickafus, Q.M. Wei, and T.E. Mitchell for helpful discussions and thank K.E. Sickafus and J.A.Valdez for the help on TEM foils preparation. This work was supported as part of the Center for Materials at Irradiation and Mechanical Extremes, an Energy Frontier Research Center funded by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences under Award Number 2008LANL1026. This work was performed, in part, at the Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, a U.S. DOE, Office of Basic Energy Sciences user facility. Los Alamos National Laboratory, an affirmative action equal opportunity employer, is operated by Los Alamos National Security, LLC, for the National Nuclear Security Administration of the U.S. DOE under contract DE-AC52-06NA25396. NR 49 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 2 U2 36 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 429 IS 1-3 BP 177 EP 184 DI 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2012.05.027 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 020HH UT WOS:000309799100024 ER PT J AU Um, W Chang, H Icenhower, JP Lukens, WW Serne, RJ Qafoku, N Kukkadapu, RK Westsik, JH AF Um, Wooyong Chang, Hyunshik Icenhower, Jonathan P. Lukens, Wayne W. Serne, R. Jeffrey Qafoku, Nik Kukkadapu, Ravi K. Westsik, Joseph H., Jr. TI Iron oxide waste form for stabilizing (TC)-T-99 SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID X-RAY-ABSORPTION; TECHNETIUM; SEDIMENTS; SPECTROSCOPY; GOETHITE; TC-99; IMMOBILIZATION; MACKINAWITE; REOXIDATION; MOSSBAUER AB Crystals of goethite were synthesized with reduced technetium [Tc-99(IV)] incorporated within the solid lattice. The presence of Tc-99(IV) as a substituting cation in the matrix and "armoring" by an additional layer of precipitated goethite isolated the reduced 99Tc(IV) from oxidizing agents. These products were used to make monolithic pellets to quantify an effective diffusion coefficient for Tc-99 from goethite waste form contacted with a synthetic Hanford IDF (Integrated Disposal Facility) pore water solution (pH = 7.2 and I = 0.05 M) at room temperature for up to 120 days in static reactors. XANES analysis of the goethite solids recovered post-run demonstrated that the Tc-99 in the goethite crystals remains in the reduced Tc-99(IV) state. The slow release of pertechnetate concentration with time in the static experiments with the monolith followed a square root of time dependence, consistent with diffusion control for Tc-99 release. An apparent diffusion coefficient of 6.15 x 10(-11) cm(2)/s was calculated for the Tc-99-goethite pellet sample and the corresponding leaching index (LI) was 10.2. The results of this study indicate that technetium can be immobilized in a stable, low-cost Fe oxide matrix that is easy to fabricate and these findings can be useful in designing long-term solutions for nuclear waste disposal. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Um, Wooyong; Chang, Hyunshik; Serne, R. Jeffrey; Qafoku, Nik; Kukkadapu, Ravi K.; Westsik, Joseph H., Jr.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99354 USA. [Icenhower, Jonathan P.; Lukens, Wayne W.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA USA. RP Um, W (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, POB 999,P7-54,902 Battelle Blvd, Richland, WA 99354 USA. EM wooyong.um@pnnl.gov FU DOE by Battelle Memorial Institute [DE-AC05-76RL0 1830]; Office of Science, of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; Ministry of Education, Science and Technology [R31-30005]; Department of Energy's Office of Biological and Environmental Research FX Funding was provided by the DOE Environmental Management (EM-31) Program. PNNL is operated for the DOE by Battelle Memorial Institute under Contract DE-AC05-76RL0 1830. Part of this research was performed at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and was supported by the Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences Division, of the U.S. Department of Energy and by the Director, Office of Science, of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. The XANES data collection was carried out at the SSRL, a national user facility operated by Standard University on behalf of the US DOE. A portion of funding was provided for this research by WCU (World Class University) program at the Division of Advanced Nuclear Engineering (DANE) in POSTECH through the National Research Foundation of Korea funded by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology (R31-30005). A portion of solid characterization analyses was also performed using EMSL, a national scientific user facility sponsored by the Department of Energy's Office of Biological and Environmental Research and located at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory. NR 44 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 3 U2 41 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 429 IS 1-3 BP 201 EP 209 DI 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2012.06.004 PG 9 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 020HH UT WOS:000309799100027 ER PT J AU Pokorny, R Hrma, P AF Pokorny, Richard Hrma, Pavel TI Mathematical modeling of cold cap SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID GLASS MELTING FURNACE; BATCH; BEHAVIOR; WASTE; VITRIFICATION; SIMULATION; CONVERSION; DYNAMICS AB The ultimate goal of studies of cold cap behavior in glass melters is to increase the rate of glass processing in an energy-efficient manner. Regrettably, mathematical models, which are ideal tools for assessing the responses of melters to process parameters, have not paid adequate attention to the cold cap. In this study, we consider a cold cap resting on a pool of molten glass from which it receives a steady heat flux while temperature, velocity, and extent of conversion are functions of the position along the vertical coordinate. A one-dimensional mathematical model simulates this process by solving the differential equations for mass and energy balances with appropriate boundary conditions and constitutive relationships for material properties. The sensitivity analyses on the effects of incoming heat fluxes to the cold cap through its lower and upper boundaries show that the cold cap thickness increases as the heat flux from above increases, and decreases as the total heat flux increases. We also discuss the effects of foam, originating from batch reactions and from redox reactions in molten glass, and argue that models must represent the foam layer to achieve a reliable prediction of the melting rate as a function of feed properties and melter conditions. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Hrma, Pavel] Pohang Univ Sci & Technol, Div Adv Nucl Engn, Pohang, South Korea. [Pokorny, Richard] Prague Inst Chem Technol, Dept Chem Engn, CR-16628 Prague 6, Czech Republic. [Hrma, Pavel] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Hrma, P (reprint author), Pohang Univ Sci & Technol, Div Adv Nucl Engn, Pohang, South Korea. EM pavelhrma@postech.ac.kr FU U.S. Department of Energy Federal Project Office Engineering Division for the Hanford Tank Waste Treatment and Immobilization Plant; Czech Grant Agency (GACR) [P106/10/1912]; U.S. Department of Energy by Battelle [DE-AC05-76RL01830]; National Research Foundation of Korea; Ministry of Education, Science and Technology [R31 - 30005] FX The authors are grateful to the U.S. Department of Energy Federal Project Office Engineering Division for the Hanford Tank Waste Treatment and Immobilization Plant for financial support and to Albert Kruger for his assistance and guidance. Richard Pokorny is also pleased to acknowledge support from Czech Grant Agency (GACR No. P106/10/1912). The authors would also like to thank their colleagues at the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Dong-Sang Kim and Jaehun Chun, for insightful discussions and David Pierce for providing TGA and DSC data. Pacific Northwest National Laboratory is operated for the U.S. Department of Energy by Battelle under Contract DE-AC05-76RL01830. In its final stages, this research was supported by WCU (World Class University) program through the National Research Foundation of Korea funded by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology (R31 - 30005). NR 36 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 429 IS 1-3 BP 245 EP 256 DI 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2012.06.013 PG 12 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 020HH UT WOS:000309799100034 ER PT J AU Marian, J Hoang, TL AF Marian, Jaime Hoang, Tuan L. TI Modeling fast neutron irradiation damage accumulation in tungsten SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS SIMULATION; VOID LATTICE FORMATION; MICROSTRUCTURAL EVOLUTION; TRANSMUTATION ELEMENTS; INDUCED PRECIPITATION; RADIATION-DAMAGE; BCC TUNGSTEN; HELIUM; CASCADES AB Due to its advantageous physical properties, tungsten (W) is being considered as a candidate structural material in fusion applications. In this paper, we perform stochastic cluster dynamics calculations of irradiation damage accumulation in pure W under fast neutron spectra up to doses of 1.5 dpa in the 400-600 C interval. Our calculations suggest that He bubbles and dislocation loops accumulate under fusion conditions, but not under fast fission spectra. We study the temperature dependence of swelling and find that it is maximum in the 550-590 degrees C temperature range, falling precipitously above 600 degrees C. Swelling levels are very low, never surpassing a fraction of a percentage point. We also provide hardening estimates based on the accumulation of sessile dislocation loops under fusion conditions and show that they are moderate, ranging between 70 and 137 MPa at 400 degrees C. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Marian, Jaime; Hoang, Tuan L.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Marian, J (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM marian1@llnl.gov FU US Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344]; Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program [11-ERD-023] FX We thank Dr. M. Gilbert for providing the ITER neutron fluxes, and Prof G. R. Odette for useful discussions. This work was performed under the auspices of the US Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. We acknowledge support from the Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program under Project 11-ERD-023. NR 27 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 6 U2 75 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 429 IS 1-3 BP 293 EP 297 DI 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2012.06.019 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 020HH UT WOS:000309799100040 ER PT J AU Harvey, SD Lucke, RB Douglas, M AF Harvey, Scott D. Lucke, Richard B. Douglas, Matt TI Rapid separation of beryllium and lanthanide derivatives by capillary gas chromatography SO JOURNAL OF SEPARATION SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Capillary gas chromatography; Fluorinated ss-diketonate metal derivatives; Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry of metal derivatives; Lanthanide analysis; On-fiber solid-phase microextraction (SPME) derivatization of beryllium ID QUANTITATIVE-DETERMINATION; LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; METAL; COMPLEXES AB Previous studies describe derivatization of metal ions followed by analysis using gas chromatography, usually on packed columns. In many of these studies, stable and volatile derivatives were formed using fluorinated beta-diketonate reagents. This paper extends previous work by investigating separations of the derivatives on small-diameter capillary gas chromatography columns and exploring on-fiber, solid-phase microextraction derivatization techniques for beryllium. The beta-diketonate used for these studies was 1,1,1,2,2,6,6,7,7,7-decafluoro-3,5-heptanedione. Derivatization of lanthanides also required addition of a neutral donor, dibutyl sulfoxide, in addition to 1,1,1,2,2,6,6,7,7,7-decafluoro-3,5-heptanedione. Unoptimized separations on a 100-mu m i.d. capillary column proved capable of rapid separations (within 15 min) of lanthanide derivatives that are adjacent to one another in the periodic table. Full-scan mass spectra were obtained from derivatives containing 5 ng of each lanthanide. Studies also developed a simple on-fiber solid-phase microextraction derivatization of beryllium. Beryllium could be analyzed in the presence of other alkali earth elements (Ba(II) and Sr(II)) without interference. Extension of the general approach was demonstrated for several additional elements (i.e. Cu(II), Cr(III), and Ga(III)). C1 [Harvey, Scott D.; Lucke, Richard B.; Douglas, Matt] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Harvey, SD (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, POB 999,MSIN P7-50, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM scott.harvey@pnl.gov OI Douglas, Matthew/0000-0001-9708-1780 NR 14 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 15 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA BOSCHSTRASSE 12, D-69469 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 1615-9306 EI 1615-9314 J9 J SEP SCI JI J. Sep. Sci. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 35 IS 20 BP 2750 EP 2755 DI 10.1002/jssc.201200537 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA 021WQ UT WOS:000309916500011 PM 22945886 ER PT J AU Liu, HG Zwart, PH AF Liu, Haiguang Zwart, Peter H. TI Determining pair distance distribution function from SAXS data using parametric functionals SO JOURNAL OF STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Pair distance distribution function; Small angle scattering; Parametric; Open source ID SMALL-ANGLE SCATTERING; X-RAY-SCATTERING; BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES AB Small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) experiments are widely applied in structural biology. The SAXS experiments yield one-dimensional profile that needs further analysis to reveal structural information. The pair distance distribution function (PDDF), P(r), can provide molecular structures more intuitively, and it can be used to guide ab initio model reconstructions, making it a critical step to derive P(r) from experimental SAXS profiles. To calculate the P(r) curves, a new method based on a specially designed parametric functional form is developed, and implemented in pregxs. This method is tested against both synthetic and experimental data, the estimated P(r) functions are in good agreement with correct or known P(r). The method can also predict the molecular size. In summary, the pregx method is robust and accurate in P(r) determination from SAXS profiles. The pregxs source code and an online server are available at.http://www.sastbx.als.lbl.gov. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Liu, Haiguang; Zwart, Peter H.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Labs, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Liu, Haiguang] Arizona State Univ, Dept Phys, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. RP Liu, HG (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Labs, Phys Biosci Div, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM haiguang.liu@asu.edu; phzwart@lbl.gov RI Zwart, Peter/F-7123-2013 NR 27 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 6 U2 28 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1047-8477 J9 J STRUCT BIOL JI J. Struct. Biol. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 180 IS 1 BP 226 EP 234 DI 10.1016/j.jsb.2012.05.011 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology GA 023PH UT WOS:000310046400024 PM 22659403 ER PT J AU Han, BG Walton, RW Song, A Hwu, P Stubbs, MT Yannone, SM Arbelaez, P Dong, M Glaeser, RM AF Han, Bong-Gyoon Walton, Ross W. Song, Amos Hwu, Peter Stubbs, Milton T. Yannone, Steven M. Arbelaez, Pablo Dong, Ming Glaeser, Robert M. TI Electron microscopy of biotinylated protein complexes bound to streptavidin monolayer crystals SO JOURNAL OF STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Cryo-EM; Specimen preparation; Biotinylation; Streptavidin ID 2-DIMENSIONAL CRYSTALS; AFFINITY GRIDS; CRYO-EM; MEMBRANE; CRYOMICROSCOPY; PURIFICATION; MACROMOLECULES; RESOLUTION AB Chemical biotinylation of protein complexes followed by binding to two-dimensional (monolayer) crystals of streptavidin is shown to be an effective way to prepare cryo-EM specimens from samples at low protein concentration. Three different multiprotein complexes are used to demonstrate the generality of this method. In addition, native thermosomes, purified from Sulfolobus solfataricus P2, are used to demonstrate that a uniform distribution of Euler angles is produced, even though this particle is known to adopt a preferred orientation when other methods of cryo-EM specimen preparation are used. (C) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Han, Bong-Gyoon; Walton, Ross W.; Song, Amos; Hwu, Peter; Yannone, Steven M.; Glaeser, Robert M.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Donner Lab 363B, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Stubbs, Milton T.] Univ Halle Wittenberg, Inst Biotechnol, D-06120 Halle, Saale, Germany. [Arbelaez, Pablo] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Dong, Ming] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Genom Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Glaeser, RM (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Donner Lab 363B, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM rmglaeser@lbl.gov RI Han, Bong-Gyoon/J-9120-2012; OI Arbelaez, Pablo/0000-0001-5244-2407; Stubbs, Milton/0000-0003-1278-9013 FU Office of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research, of the USA. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; DFG [Graduiertenkolleg 1026] FX This work, conducted by ENIGMA - Ecosystems and Networks Integrated with Genes and Molecular Assemblies (http://enigma.lbl.gov), a Scientific Focus Area Program at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, was supported by the Office of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research, of the USA. Department of Energy under contract DE-AC02-05CH11231. M.T.S. acknowledges the support of the DFG Graduiertenkolleg 1026 "Conformational transitions in macromolecular interactions." We are pleased to thank Dr. Puey Ounjai for advice about the preparation of streptavidin monolayer crystals. NR 22 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 17 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1047-8477 J9 J STRUCT BIOL JI J. Struct. Biol. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 180 IS 1 BP 249 EP 253 DI 10.1016/j.jsb.2012.04.025 PG 5 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology GA 023PH UT WOS:000310046400027 PM 22584152 ER PT J AU Tortorelli, PF Specht, ED More, KL Hou, PY AF Tortorelli, P. F. Specht, E. D. More, K. L. Hou, P. Y. TI Oxide growth stress measurements and relaxation mechanisms for alumina scales grown on FeCrAlY SO MATERIALS AND CORROSION-WERKSTOFFE UND KORROSION LA English DT Article DE FeCrAlY; high temperature oxidation; oxide growth stress ID OXIDATION; CREEP; ALLOYS; 800-DEGREES-C; DEFORMATION; BEHAVIOR; STRAIN AB Early-stage tensile stress evolution in a-Al2O3 scales during oxidation of FeCrAlY at 1000, 1050, 1100, and 1200?degrees C was monitored in situ by use of synchrotron radiation. Tensile stress development as a function of oxidation temperature indicated a dynamic interplay between stress generation and relaxation. An analysis of the time dependence of the data indicated that the observed relaxation of the initial tensile stress in the oxide scales at 1100 and 1200?degrees C is dominated by creep in the a-Al2O3. A thin layer of a (Fe,Cr,Al) oxide was observed at the oxide-gas interface, consistent with a mechanism whereby the conversion of (Fe,Cr,Al)2O3 to a-Al2O3 produces an initial tensile stress in the alumina scale. C1 [Tortorelli, P. F.; Specht, E. D.; More, K. L.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. [Hou, P. Y.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Tortorelli, PF (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. EM tortorellipf@ornl.gov RI More, Karren/A-8097-2016; Specht, Eliot/A-5654-2009 OI More, Karren/0000-0001-5223-9097; Specht, Eliot/0000-0002-3191-2163 FU Office of Basic Energy Sciences (BES), Materials Sciences and Engineering Division, U.S. Department of Energy; BES; United States Government [DE-AC05-00OR22725]; United States Department of Energy FX This work was sponsored by the Office of Basic Energy Sciences (BES), Materials Sciences and Engineering Division, U.S. Department of Energy. Microscopy supported by ORNL's Shared Research Equipment (ShaRE) User Facility, which is sponsored by BES, which also supports The Advanced Photon Source. We would like to thank S. N. Dryepondt and B. A. Pint of Oak Ridge National Laboratory for review of the manuscript.; This submission was sponsored by a contractor of the United States Government under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725 with the United States Department of Energy. The United States Government retains, and the publisher, by accepting this submission for publication, acknowledges that the United States Government retains, a nonexclusive, paid-up, irrevocable, world-wide license to publish or reproduce the published form of this submission, or allow others to do so, for United States Government purposes. NR 26 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 21 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA BOSCHSTRASSE 12, D-69469 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 0947-5117 J9 MATER CORROS JI Mater. Corros. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 63 IS 10 BP 857 EP 861 DI 10.1002/maco.201206760 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 019MH UT WOS:000309743400004 ER PT J AU Dryepondt, S Unocic, KA Pint, BA AF Dryepondt, S. Unocic, K. A. Pint, B. A. TI Effect of exposure in steam or argon on the creep properties of Ni-based alloys SO MATERIALS AND CORROSION-WERKSTOFFE UND KORROSION LA English DT Article DE creep; gamma prime precipitates; Ni based superalloys; oxidation; steam ID MICROSTRUCTURE; STABILITY AB Although expensive, Ni-based superalloys are of interest for the ultrasupercritical steam program because of their good creep and oxidation resistance at temperatures above 700?degrees C. As the effect of steam oxidation on the alloy mechanical properties is unknown, creep specimens of alloy CCA617, 740, and 230 were pre-oxidized for 2000 and 4000?h in steam at 800?degrees C before testing in air at the same temperature. Compared with as fabricated material, exposure in steam decreased the creep properties of alloy CCA617, had less of an effect on alloy 740, and did not affect alloy 230. Testing of a specimen repolished after steam exposure as well as microstructural observations indicate that the oxidation affected zone at the specimen surface is not responsible for the properties degradation. Surprisingly, a similar time anneal in an inert environment resulted in a drastic decrease of creep rupture life and an increase in the creep rate and elongation at rupture. Transmission electron microscopy analysis revealed that the mechanical properties decrease for alloy CCA617 is related to the absence of ?' precipitates within the grains. C1 [Dryepondt, S.; Unocic, K. A.; Pint, B. A.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Dryepondt, S (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM dryepondtsn@ornl.gov RI Pint, Bruce/A-8435-2008 OI Pint, Bruce/0000-0002-9165-3335 FU U.S. Department of Energy, Fossil Energy Advanced Materials Research Program FX The authors wish to acknowledge T. Lowe, M. Howell, J. Moser, T. Jordan, L. R. Walker, and K. Powers for assistance with the experimental work. They also thank D. Wilson and A. Shyam for reviewing the manuscript. This research was sponsored by the U.S. Department of Energy, Fossil Energy Advanced Materials Research Program. NR 19 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 8 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA BOSCHSTRASSE 12, D-69469 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 0947-5117 J9 MATER CORROS JI Mater. Corros. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 63 IS 10 BP 889 EP 895 DI 10.1002/maco.201206694 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 019MH UT WOS:000309743400008 ER PT J AU Sabau, AS Wright, IG Shingledecker, JP AF Sabau, A. S. Wright, I. G. Shingledecker, J. P. TI Oxide scale exfoliation and regrowth in TP347H superheater tubes SO MATERIALS AND CORROSION-WERKSTOFFE UND KORROSION LA English DT Article ID CYCLIC-OXIDATION; HIGH-TEMPERATURE; SPALLING MODEL; STEAM; GROWTH AB This paper provides an introduction to a comprehensive model being developed to predict and control oxide scale exfoliation from the steam-side of superheater and reheater tubes in steam boilers. The model deals with the main phenomena involved in scale growth and failure in steam, and incorporates major variables related to boiler design and operation. The considerations used to calculate oxide growth under the specific constrains of small diameter tubes carrying high-pressure steam and operating with large temperature gradients under temperature and pressure cycling conditions, as well as the evolution of stresses and strains in the scales, are indicated but only a cursory description is given of the details of the analytical treatments. An example is presented of calculations made with the model to predict the extent of blockage expected in a single superheater loop as a function of time and outlet steam temperature under several realistic service conditions. The results suggest that problems due to scale exfoliation would be expected early in the operating life of superheater tubes made from austenitic steel TP347H. C1 [Sabau, A. S.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. [Wright, I. G.] WrightHT Inc, Denver, CO 80238 USA. [Shingledecker, J. P.] Elect Power Res Inst, Charlotte, NC 28262 USA. RP Sabau, AS (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, 1 Bethel Valley Rd Oak Ridge, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. EM sabaua@ornl.gov; wrightht@comcast.net; jshingledecker@epri.com RI Sabau, Adrian/B-9571-2008 OI Sabau, Adrian/0000-0003-3088-6474 FU Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI) under a Work for Others program [EP-P18842/C9306]; US Department of Energy (DOE); Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) [DE-AC05-00OR22725]; United States Government [DE-AC05-00OR22725]; United States Department of Energy FX This work was sponsored in part by the Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI) under a Work for Others program (agreement No. EP-P18842/C9306) with the US Department of Energy (DOE), and was conducted at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725 with the DOE. We would like to thank colleagues at ORNL, especially Tom Wadkins for critical comment and Peter Tortorelli for reviewing the manuscript and making invaluable recommendations; Barry Dooley (formerly) of EPRI; and not least Michael Schutze of DECHEMA, for their continued interest and critical comments during the conduct of this research.; This submission was sponsored by contractor of the United States Government under contact DE-AC05-00OR22725 with the United States Department of Energy. The United States Government retains, and the publisher, by accepting this submission for publication, acknowledges that the United States Government retains, a nonexclusive, paid-up, irrevocable worldwide license to publish or reproduce the published from of this submission, or allow others to do so, for United States Government purposes. NR 29 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 24 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA BOSCHSTRASSE 12, D-69469 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 0947-5117 J9 MATER CORROS JI Mater. Corros. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 63 IS 10 BP 896 EP 908 DI 10.1002/maco.201206640 PG 13 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 019MH UT WOS:000309743400009 ER PT J AU Velraj, S Zhang, Y Hawkins, EW Pint, BA AF Velraj, S. Zhang, Y. Hawkins, E. W. Pint, B. A. TI Interdiffusion behavior of Al-rich oxidation resistant coatings on ferritic-martensitic alloys SO MATERIALS AND CORROSION-WERKSTOFFE UND KORROSION LA English DT Article DE Al-rich coatings; aluminide coatings; chemical vapor deposition; COSIM; diffusion; ferritic-martensitic alloy; oxidation; pack cementation; water vapor ID SLURRY ALUMINIDE COATINGS; PACK CEMENTATION PROCESS; FE-BASE ALLOYS; POWER-PLANTS; DIFFUSION COATINGS; CYCLIC OXIDATION; WATER-VAPOR; STEELS; PERFORMANCE AB Interdiffusion of thin Al-rich coatings synthesized by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) and pack cementation on 9Cr ferriticmartensitic alloys was investigated in the temperature range of 650700?degrees C. The compositional changes after long-term exposures in laboratory air and air?+?10?vol% H2O were examined experimentally. Interdiffusion was modeled by a modified coating oxidation and substrate interdiffusion model (COSIM) program. The modification enabled the program to directly input the concentration profiles of the as-deposited coating determined by electron probe microanalysis (EPMA). Reasonable agreement was achieved between the simulated and experimental Al profiles after exposures. The model was also applied to predict coating lifetime at 650700?degrees C based on a minimum Al content (Cb) required at the coating surface to re-form protective oxide scale. In addition to a Cb value established from the failure of a thin CVD coating at 700?degrees C, values reported for slurry aluminide coatings were also included in lifetime predictions. C1 [Velraj, S.; Zhang, Y.; Hawkins, E. W.] Tennessee Technol Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Cookeville, TN 38505 USA. [Pint, B. A.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Velraj, S (reprint author), Tennessee Technol Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Cookeville, TN 38505 USA. EM yzhang@tntech.edu RI Pint, Bruce/A-8435-2008 OI Pint, Bruce/0000-0002-9165-3335 FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Fossil Energy, and Advanced Research Materials Program [4000071336]; TTU; National Science Foundation-GOALI Program [0504566] FX The authors would like to thank B. L. Bates and J. Simpson at Tennessee Technological University (TTU) for assistance with the experimental work. Thanks are extended to J. A. Nesbitt at NASA Glenn Research Center for providing the COSIM program and for helpful discussions. The research was sponsored by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Fossil Energy, and Advanced Research Materials Program (subcontract 4000071336 with TTU). Additional support for the graduate student was provided by the National Science Foundation-GOALI Program under Grant No. 0504566. NR 36 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 12 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA POSTFACH 101161, 69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 0947-5117 EI 1521-4176 J9 MATER CORROS JI Mater. Corros. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 63 IS 10 BP 909 EP 920 DI 10.1002/maco.201206641 PG 12 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 019MH UT WOS:000309743400010 ER PT J AU Helminiak, MA Yanar, NM Pettit, FS Taylor, TA Meier, GH AF Helminiak, M. A. Yanar, N. M. Pettit, F. S. Taylor, T. A. Meier, G. H. TI Factors affecting the microstructural stability and durability of thermal barrier coatings fabricated by air plasma spraying SO MATERIALS AND CORROSION-WERKSTOFFE UND KORROSION LA English DT Article DE APS; durability; EBPVD; thickness; TBC; YSZ purity ID BOND COATS; ZIRCONIA; OXIDATION; BEHAVIOR AB The high-temperature behavior of high-purity, low-density (HP-LD) air plasma sprayed (APS) thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) with NiCoCrAlY bond coats deposited by argon-shrouded plasma spraying is described. The high purity yttria-stabilized zirconia resulted in top coats which are highly resistant to sintering and transformation from the metastable tetragonal phase to the equilibrium mixture of monoclinic and cubic phases. The thermal conductivity of the as-processed TBC is low but increases during high temperature exposure even before densification occurs. The porous topcoat microstructure also resulted in good spallation resistance during thermal cycling. The actual failure mechanisms of the APS coatings were found to depend on topcoat thickness, topcoat density, and the thermal cycle frequency. The failure mechanisms are described and the durability of the HP-LD coatings is compared with that of state-of-the-art electron beam physical vapor deposition TBCs. C1 [Helminiak, M. A.; Yanar, N. M.; Pettit, F. S.; Meier, G. H.] Natl Energy Technol Lab, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. [Helminiak, M. A.; Yanar, N. M.; Pettit, F. S.; Meier, G. H.] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Mech Engn & Mat Sci, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. [Taylor, T. A.] Praxair Surface Technol Inc, Indianapolis, IN 46224 USA. RP Helminiak, MA (reprint author), Natl Energy Technol Lab, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. EM mah82@pitt.edu FU National Energy Technology Laboratory's ongoing research under RES [DE-FE0004000]; agency of the United States Government FX This work at University of Pittsburgh was performed in support of the National Energy Technology Laboratory's ongoing research under RES contract DE-FE0004000. The authors are grateful to GE Aircraft Engines (B. Nagaraj) for providing superalloy substrates.; This report was prepared as an account of work sponsored by an agency of the United States Government. Neither the United States Government nor any agency thereof, nor any of their employees, makes any warranty, express or implied, or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States Government or any agency thereof. The views and opinions of authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the United States Government or any agency thereof. NR 18 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 23 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA BOSCHSTRASSE 12, D-69469 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 0947-5117 J9 MATER CORROS JI Mater. Corros. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 63 IS 10 BP 929 EP 939 DI 10.1002/maco.201206646 PG 11 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 019MH UT WOS:000309743400012 ER PT J AU Omanakuttan, A Nambiar, J Harris, RM Bose, C Pandurangan, N Varghese, RK Kumar, GB Tainer, JA Banerji, A Perry, JJP Nair, BG AF Omanakuttan, Athira Nambiar, Jyotsna Harris, Rodney M. Bose, Chinchu Pandurangan, Nanjan Varghese, Rebu K. Kumar, Geetha B. Tainer, John A. Banerji, Asoke Perry, J. Jefferson P. Nair, Bipin G. TI Anacardic Acid Inhibits the Catalytic Activity of Matrix Metalloproteinase-2 and Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 SO MOLECULAR PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article ID RESISTANT STAPHYLOCOCCUS-AUREUS; NUT SHELL LIQUID; HISTONE ACETYLTRANSFERASE; GENE-TRANSCRIPTION; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURES; STRUCTURAL BASIS; GELATINASE-A; AGENTS; PROLIFERATION; BINDING AB Cashew nut shell liquid (CNSL) has been used in traditional medicine for the treatment of a wide variety of pathophysiological conditions. To further define the mechanism of CNSL action, we investigated the effect of cashew nut shell extract (CNSE) on two matrix metalloproteinases, MMP-2/gelatinase A and MMP-9/gelatinase B, which are known to have critical roles in several disease states. We observed that the major constituent of CNSE, anacardic acid, markedly inhibited the gelatinase activity of 3T3-L1 cells. Our gelatin zymography studies on these two secreted gelatinases, present in the conditioned media from 3T3-L1 cells, established that anacardic acid directly inhibited the catalytic activities of both MMP-2 and MMP-9. Our docking studies suggested that anacardic acid binds into the MMP-2/9 active site, with the carboxylate group of anacardic acid chelating the catalytic zinc ion and forming a hydrogen bond to a key catalytic glutamate side chain and the C15 aliphatic group being accommodated within the relatively large S1' pocket of these gelatinases. In agreement with the docking results, our fluorescence-based studies on the recombinant MMP-2 catalytic core domain demonstrated that anacardic acid directly inhibits substrate peptide cleavage in a dose-dependent manner, with an IC50 of 11.11 mu M. In addition, our gelatinase zymography and fluorescence data confirmed that the cardol-cardanol mixture, salicylic acid, and aspirin, all of which lack key functional groups present in anacardic acid, are much weaker MMP-2/MMP-9 inhibitors. Our results provide the first evidence for inhibition of gelatinase catalytic activity by anacardic acid, providing a novel template for drug discovery and a molecular mechanism potentially involved in CNSL therapeutic action. C1 [Omanakuttan, Athira; Nambiar, Jyotsna; Bose, Chinchu; Pandurangan, Nanjan; Varghese, Rebu K.; Kumar, Geetha B.; Banerji, Asoke; Perry, J. Jefferson P.; Nair, Bipin G.] Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Amrita Sch Biotechnol, Kollam 690525, Kerala, India. [Tainer, John A.; Perry, J. Jefferson P.] Scripps Res Inst, Skaggs Inst Chem Biol, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA. [Tainer, John A.; Perry, J. Jefferson P.] Scripps Res Inst, Dept Mol Biol, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA. [Tainer, John A.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Nair, BG (reprint author), Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Amrita Sch Biotechnol, Clappana PO, Kollam 690525, Kerala, India. EM bipin@amrita.edu FU Amrita University Research; National Institutes of Health National Cancer Institute [CA92584]; National Institutes of Heath National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases [AR059968]; Council of Scientific and Industrial Research; University Grants Commission FX This work was supported in part by Amrita University Research, the National Institutes of Health National Cancer Institute [Grant CA92584]; the National Institutes of Heath National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases [Grant AR059968]; and the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research and University Grants Commission (junior research fellowships to A.O. and J.N., respectively). NR 56 TC 12 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 24 PU AMER SOC PHARMACOLOGY EXPERIMENTAL THERAPEUTICS PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3995 USA SN 0026-895X J9 MOL PHARMACOL JI Mol. Pharmacol. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 82 IS 4 BP 614 EP 622 DI 10.1124/mol.112.079020 PG 9 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 016HZ UT WOS:000309509900007 PM 22745359 ER PT J AU Rau, GH McLeod, EL Hoegh-Guldberg, O AF Rau, Greg H. McLeod, Elizabeth L. Hoegh-Guldberg, Ove TI The need for new ocean conservation strategies in a high-carbon dioxide world SO NATURE CLIMATE CHANGE LA English DT Article ID MARINE PROTECTED AREAS; RAPID CLIMATE-CHANGE; CORAL-REEFS; ATMOSPHERIC CARBON; CALCIUM-CARBONATE; CO2 EMISSIONS; CROP RESIDUE; ACIDIFICATION; ECOSYSTEMS; ZOOXANTHELLAE AB The historically unprecedented threats to the marine environment posed by increasing atmospheric carbon dioxide will probably require the use of unconventional, non-passive methods to conserve marine ecosystems. Soliciting such approaches and evaluating their cost, safety and effectiveness must be part of a robust ocean conservation and management plan going forward. C1 [Rau, Greg H.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Inst Marine Sci, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Rau, Greg H.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Carbon Management Program, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [McLeod, Elizabeth L.] Nature Conservancy, Hawaii Field Off, Honolulu, HI 96817 USA. [Hoegh-Guldberg, Ove] Univ Queensland, Global Change Inst, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia. RP Rau, GH (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Inst Marine Sci, 1150 High St, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. EM rau4@llnl.gov RI Hoegh-Guldberg, Ove/H-6169-2011 OI Hoegh-Guldberg, Ove/0000-0001-7510-6713 NR 90 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 6 U2 110 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 1758-678X EI 1758-6798 J9 NAT CLIM CHANGE JI Nat. Clim. Chang. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 2 IS 10 BP 720 EP 724 DI 10.1038/NCLIMATE1555 PG 5 WC Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 024IY UT WOS:000310104100008 ER PT J AU Wray, LA AF Wray, L. Andrew TI DEVICE PHYSICS Topological transistor SO NATURE PHYSICS LA English DT News Item ID INSULATORS C1 Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Adv Light Source, Berkeley, CA 94305 USA. RP Wray, LA (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Adv Light Source, Berkeley, CA 94305 USA. EM awray@lbl.gov NR 8 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 4 U2 39 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 1745-2473 J9 NAT PHYS JI Nat. Phys. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 8 IS 10 BP 705 EP 706 DI 10.1038/nphys2410 PG 2 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 016TQ UT WOS:000309542800008 ER PT J AU Dai, PC Hu, JP Dagotto, E AF Dai, Pengcheng Hu, Jiangping Dagotto, Elbio TI Magnetism and its microscopic origin in iron-based high-temperature superconductors SO NATURE PHYSICS LA English DT Review ID SPIN-DENSITY-WAVE; EXCHANGE INTERACTIONS; NEUTRON-SCATTERING; EXCITATIONS; PNICTIDES; STATE; ANTIFERROMAGNETISM; CHALCOGENIDES; SPECTROSCOPY; TRANSITION AB High-temperature superconductivity in the iron-based materials emerges from, or sometimes coexists with, their metallic or insulating parent compound states. This is surprising, as these undoped states exhibit dramatically different antiferromagnetic spin arrangements and Neel temperatures. Although there is a general consensus that magnetic interactions are important for superconductivity, much remains unknown concerning the microscopic origin of the magnetic states. In this review, we summarize the progress in this area, focusing on recent experimental and theoretical results, and their microscopic implications. We conclude that the parent compounds are in a state that is more complex than that implied by a simple Fermi surface nesting scenario, and a dual description including both itinerant and localized degrees of freedom is needed to properly describe these fascinating materials. C1 [Dai, Pengcheng; Dagotto, Elbio] Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Dai, Pengcheng; Hu, Jiangping] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Phys, Beijing Natl Lab Condensed Matter Phys, Beijing 100190, Peoples R China. [Hu, Jiangping] Purdue Univ, Dept Phys, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Dagotto, Elbio] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Dai, PC (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM pdai@utk.edu; edagotto@utk.edu RI Dai, Pengcheng /C-9171-2012; Hu, Jiangping/A-9154-2010 OI Dai, Pengcheng /0000-0002-6088-3170; Hu, Jiangping/0000-0003-4480-1734 FU US NSF [DMR-1063866, OISE-0968226, DMR-11-04386]; US DOE, BES [DE-FG02-05ER46202]; Ministry of Science and Technology of China 973 program [2012CB821400]; US DOE, BES, Materials Sciences and Engineering Division FX We thank L. W. Harriger for preparing the figures shown in this manuscript. We are also grateful to T. A. Maier for calculating the FSs of BaFe2As2 shown in Fig. 2d. P.D. is supported by the US NSF DMR-1063866 (neutron scattering studies on electron-doped iron pnictides), OISE-0968226 (international collaboration) and by US DOE, BES, under Grant No. DE-FG02-05ER46202 (single crystal growth at UTK and neutron scattering studies of hole-doped iron pnictides and other iron-based superconductors). Work at Institute of Physics is supported by the Ministry of Science and Technology of China 973 program (2012CB821400). E.D. is supported by the US DOE, BES, Materials Sciences and Engineering Division and by the US NSF DMR-11-04386. NR 129 TC 243 Z9 246 U1 21 U2 272 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 1745-2473 EI 1745-2481 J9 NAT PHYS JI Nat. Phys. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 8 IS 10 BP 709 EP 718 DI 10.1038/NPHYS2438 PG 10 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 016TQ UT WOS:000309542800011 ER PT J AU Palaniyappan, S Hegelich, BM Wu, HC Jung, D Gautier, DC Yin, L Albright, BJ Johnson, RP Shimada, T Letzring, S Offermann, DT Ren, J Huang, CK Horlein, R Dromey, B Fernandez, JC Shah, RC AF Palaniyappan, Sasi Hegelich, B. Manuel Wu, Hui-Chun Jung, Daniel Gautier, Donald C. Yin, Lin Albright, Brian J. Johnson, Randall P. Shimada, Tsutomu Letzring, Samuel Offermann, Dustin T. Ren, Jun Huang, Chengkun Hoerlein, Rainer Dromey, Brendan Fernandez, Juan C. Shah, Rahul C. TI Dynamics of relativistic transparency and optical shuttering in expanding overdense plasmas SO NATURE PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID INTENSE LASER-PULSES; DENSE-PLASMAS; PHASE; ACCELERATION AB Overdense plasmas are usually opaque to laser light. However, when the light is of sufficient intensity to drive electrons in the plasma to near light speeds, the plasma becomes transparent. This process-known as relativistic transparency-takes just a tenth of a picosecond. Yet all studies of relativistic transparency so far have been restricted to measurements collected over timescales much longer than this, limiting our understanding of the dynamics of this process. Here we present time-resolved electric field measurements (with a temporal resolution of similar to 50 fs) of the light, initially reflected from, and subsequently transmitted through, an expanding overdense plasma. Our result provides insight into the dynamics of the transparent-overdense regime of relativistic plasmas, which should be useful in the development of laser-driven particle accelerators, X-ray sources and techniques for controlling the shape and contrast of intense laser pulses. C1 [Palaniyappan, Sasi; Hegelich, B. Manuel; Wu, Hui-Chun; Jung, Daniel; Gautier, Donald C.; Yin, Lin; Albright, Brian J.; Johnson, Randall P.; Shimada, Tsutomu; Letzring, Samuel; Offermann, Dustin T.; Ren, Jun; Huang, Chengkun; Fernandez, Juan C.; Shah, Rahul C.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Hegelich, B. Manuel; Jung, Daniel] Univ Munich, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Hoerlein, Rainer] Max Planck Inst Quantum Opt, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Dromey, Brendan] Queens Univ Belfast, Dept Phys & Astron, Ctr Plasma Phys, Belfast BT7 1NN, Antrim, North Ireland. RP Palaniyappan, S (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM sasi@lanl.gov; rcshah@lanl.gov RI Hegelich, Bjorn/J-2689-2013; Fernandez, Juan/H-3268-2011; palaniyappan, sasikumar/A-7791-2015; OI Fernandez, Juan/0000-0002-1438-1815; Offermann, Dustin/0000-0002-6033-4905; Albright, Brian/0000-0002-7789-6525; Huang, Chengkun/0000-0002-3176-8042; Yin, Lin/0000-0002-8978-5320 FU US Department of Energy; US Office of Fusion Energy Sciences; US Domestic Nuclear Detection Office; LANL LDRD; DFG cluster of excellence at the Munich Center for Advanced Photonics FX We gratefully acknowledge the support of the US Department of Energy, the US Office of Fusion Energy Sciences, the US Domestic Nuclear Detection Office, LANL LDRD and the DFG cluster of excellence at the Munich Center for Advanced Photonics. LANL Institutional Computing and Oak Ridge National Laboratory (Jaguar) provided necessary computing resources. We acknowledge the assistance of K. Flippo in obtaining the reflected light images and the work of the Trident staff with respect to laser operations. NR 39 TC 51 Z9 51 U1 3 U2 53 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 1745-2473 J9 NAT PHYS JI Nat. Phys. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 8 IS 10 BP 763 EP 769 DI 10.1038/NPHYS2390 PG 7 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 016TQ UT WOS:000309542800021 ER PT J AU Muscatello, CM Grierson, BA Harvey, RW Heidbrink, WW Pace, DC Van Zeeland, MA AF Muscatello, C. M. Grierson, B. A. Harvey, R. W. Heidbrink, W. W. Pace, D. C. Van Zeeland, M. A. TI Measurements of fast-ion transport by mode-particle resonances on DIII-D SO NUCLEAR FUSION LA English DT Article ID AXISYMMETRICAL TOROIDAL PLASMAS; ENERGETIC BEAM IONS; SAWTOOTH OSCILLATIONS; ASDEX UPGRADE; D TOKAMAK; JET; SPECTROSCOPY; CRASHES; LOSSES; ICRF AB Magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) instabilities in tokamak plasmas manifest in a variety of ways, characterized by different scale lengths and mode frequencies. MHD activity can cause significant degradation of plasma performance due to transport of particles, energy and current. Among the many different types of MHD, arguably fishbones, sawteeth and Alfven eigenmodes (AEs) are observed to cause the largest fluxes of superthermal ions. DIII-D's expansive suite of diagnostics makes it possible to rigorously characterize these instabilities and study their interaction with fast ions. This review paper first presents an overview of the recent additions to DIII-D's collection of fast-ion diagnostics. The extended diagnostic capabilities are employed in a series of experiments to investigate fast-ion dynamics in the presence of fishbones, sawteeth and AEs. Results from these seemingly unrelated studies are highlighted, and they reveal that mode-particle resonances play the central role in the observed deterioration of fast-ion confinement. C1 [Muscatello, C. M.; Heidbrink, W. W.] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. [Grierson, B. A.] Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. [Harvey, R. W.] CompX, Del Mar, CA 92014 USA. [Pace, D. C.; Van Zeeland, M. A.] Gen Atom Co, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. RP Muscatello, CM (reprint author), Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. NR 55 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 22 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0029-5515 J9 NUCL FUSION JI Nucl. Fusion PD OCT PY 2012 VL 52 IS 10 AR 103022 DI 10.1088/0029-5515/52/10/103022 PG 10 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 017PX UT WOS:000309603800023 ER PT J AU Tobias, B Bass, EM Classen, IGJ Domier, CW Grierson, BA Heidbrink, WW Luhmann, NC Nazikian, R Park, HK Spong, DA Van Zeeland, MA AF Tobias, B. Bass, E. M. Classen, I. G. J. Domier, C. W. Grierson, B. A. Heidbrink, W. W. Luhmann, N. C., Jr. Nazikian, R. Park, H. K. Spong, D. A. Van Zeeland, M. A. TI Alfven eigenmode structure during off-axis neutral beam injection SO NUCLEAR FUSION LA English DT Article ID AXISYMMETRICAL TOROIDAL PLASMAS; DIII-D TOKAMAK; SIMULATIONS; SPECTROSCOPY; MODE AB The spatial structure of Alfven eigenmodes on the DIII-D tokamak is compared for contrasting fast ion deposition profiles resulting from on- and off-axis neutral beam injection (NBI). In both cases, poloidal mode rotation and eigenmode twist, or radial phase variation, are correlated with the direction of the normal ion diamagnetic flow and readily inverted with a reversal of toroidal magnetic field, B-T. While off-axis NBI results in weakly driven reversed shear induced Alfven eigenmodes due to reduced fast ion pressure gradient,. del beta(fast), in the region of the mode, these marginally unstable modes exhibit a 2D phase structure that is indistinguishable from that observed during on- axis injection. This result is consistent with recent explorations using the non-perturbative codes Gyro and TAEFL that show a weak dependence of eigenmode structure on drive when fast ion density is uniformly reduced by a scalar multiplier. These codes also obtain unstable, counter-propagating modes with the inverted 2D phase structure when BT is kept constant and the diamagnetic flow direction is reversed by making. del beta(fast) sufficiently positive for an isotropic population of fast ions. While measurements of the spatial profile of fast ion D-alpha light from the recently upgraded charge exchange recombination diagnostic on DIII-D suggest a strong modification of fast ion pressure towards this limit, no counter-propagating modes have yet been observed in experiment. C1 [Tobias, B.; Grierson, B. A.; Nazikian, R.] Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. [Bass, E. M.] Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Classen, I. G. J.] Dutch Inst Fundamental Energy Res DIFFER, NL-3430 BE Nieuwegein, Netherlands. [Domier, C. W.; Luhmann, N. C., Jr.] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Heidbrink, W. W.] Univ Calif Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. [Park, H. K.] Pohang Univ Sci & Technol POSTECH, Pohang 790784, Gyungbuk, South Korea. [Spong, D. A.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Van Zeeland, M. A.] Gen Atom Co, San Diego, CA 92816 USA. RP Tobias, B (reprint author), Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. EM bjtobias@pppl.gov FU US Department of Energy [DE-AC02-09CH11466, DE-FG02-07ER54917, DE-FG02-99ER54531, SC-G903402, DE-AC05-00OR22725, DE-FC02-04ER54698]; Association EURATOM-FOM; [NRF-201100187244] FX This work supported in part by the US Department of Energy under DE-AC02-09CH11466, DE-FG02-07ER54917, DE-FG02-99ER54531, SC-G903402, DE-AC05-00OR22725 and DE-FC02-04ER54698. This work also supported by NRF-201100187244, Korea, and the Association EURATOM-FOM. The authors would like to thank Dr G.Y. Fu, Dr N.N. Gorelenkov and Dr G.J. Kramer for their discussions and valuable insights. In addition, the authors are immensely grateful to all members of the UC Davis Millimeter-Wave Research Center and the DIII-D team, without whose tireless work this project would not have been possible. NR 31 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 17 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0029-5515 EI 1741-4326 J9 NUCL FUSION JI Nucl. Fusion PD OCT PY 2012 VL 52 IS 10 AR 103009 DI 10.1088/0029-5515/52/10/103009 PG 5 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 017PX UT WOS:000309603800010 ER PT J AU Wang, E Xu, X Candy, J Groebner, RJ Snyder, PB Chen, Y Parker, SE Wan, W Lu, GM Dong, JQ AF Wang, E. Xu, X. Candy, J. Groebner, R. J. Snyder, P. B. Chen, Y. Parker, S. E. Wan, W. Lu, Gaimin Dong, J. Q. TI Linear gyrokinetic analysis of a DIII-D H-mode pedestal near the ideal ballooning threshold SO NUCLEAR FUSION LA English DT Article ID GRADIENT-DRIVEN MODES; BETA; EQUILIBRIA; TRANSPORT; GEOMETRY; TOKAMAK; PLASMAS; REGIME AB Recent advances in GYRO allow simulations to map out the linear stability of many eigenvalues and eigenvectors of the gyrokinetic equation (as opposed to only the most unstable) at low computational cost. In this work, GYRO's new linear capabilities are applied to a pressure scan about the pedestal region of DIII-D shot 131997. MHD calculations in the infinite-n limit of the ideal ballooning mode, used in the very successful EPED model to predict pedestal height and width, demonstrate clear onset of the instability at 70% of the experimental pressure. Presented GYRO results first demonstrate that the ion temperature gradient driven mode and microtearing mode are dominant at the top of the pedestal, while an unnamed group of drift waves are found to be most unstable in the peak gradient region of the pedestal. The peak gradient modes have very extended ballooning structure, peak near the inboard midplane and have drift frequencies at or near the electron diamagnetic drift direction, even for very low wavenumbers (k(theta)rho(s) similar to 0.2). Connection is made to the MHD calculations by demonstrating the kinetic ballooning mode (KBM) is present but subdominant in the DIII-D pedestal, and the pressure required for onset of the KBM in the gyrokinetic limit is in near agreement with MHD predictions. Finally, comparisons and analysis of GYRO with two independent gyrokinetic codes, GEM (initial value) and HD7 (1D eigenvalue), are presented. C1 [Wang, E.; Xu, X.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Candy, J.; Groebner, R. J.; Snyder, P. B.] Gen Atom Co, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. [Chen, Y.; Parker, S. E.; Wan, W.] Univ Colorado, Dept Phys, Ctr Integrated Plasma Studies, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Lu, Gaimin; Dong, J. Q.] SW Inst Phys, Chengdu 610041, Peoples R China. RP Wang, E (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, 7000 E Ave,L-637, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. FU US DOE by LLNL [DE-AC52-07NA-27344] FX This work was performed under the auspices of the US DOE by LLNL under contract no DE-AC52-07NA-27344. It is also part of the US Fusion Energy Science Joint Facilities and Theory Research Milestones 2011 (JRT) on tokamak pedestal physics. The authors are grateful for regular interaction featuring insightful observations with Mr Daniel Fulton and Professor Zhihong Lin from the GTC group. Additionally, we wish to thank input provided by Dr William Nevins on the structure of the paper as well as input from Dr Tom Osborne for providing description of the VARYPED tool. LLNL-JRNL-517735. NR 29 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 12 PU INT ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY PI VIENNA PA WAGRAMERSTRASSE 5, PO BOX 100, A-1400 VIENNA, AUSTRIA SN 0029-5515 J9 NUCL FUSION JI Nucl. Fusion PD OCT PY 2012 VL 52 IS 10 AR 103015 DI 10.1088/0029-5515/52/10/103015 PG 12 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 017PX UT WOS:000309603800016 ER PT J AU Bolla, JR Do, SV Long, F Dai, L Su, CC Lei, HT Chen, X Gerkey, JE Murphy, DC Rajashankar, KR Zhang, QJ Yu, EW AF Bolla, Jani Reddy Do, Sylvia V. Long, Feng Dai, Lei Su, Chih-Chia Lei, Hsiang-Ting Chen, Xiao Gerkey, Jillian E. Murphy, Daniel C. Rajashankar, Kanagalaghatta R. Zhang, Qijing Yu, Edward W. TI Structural and functional analysis of the transcriptional regulator Rv3066 of Mycobacterium tuberculosis SO NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID DRUG-RESISTANT TUBERCULOSIS; MULTIDRUG EFFLUX PUMP; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; TETR FAMILY; DNA-BINDING; XDR-TB; REPRESSOR; SOFTWARE; PROTEIN AB The Mmr multidrug efflux pump recognizes and actively extrudes a broad range of antimicrobial agents, and promotes the intrinsic resistance to these antimicrobials in Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The expression of Mmr is controlled by the TetR-like transcriptional regulator Rv3066, whose open reading frame is located downstream of the mmr operon. To understand the structural basis of Rv3066 regulation, we have determined the crystal structures of Rv3066, both in the absence and presence of bound ethidium, revealing an asymmetric homodimeric two-domain molecule with an entirely helical architecture. The structures underscore the flexibility and plasticity of the regulator essential for multidrug recognition. Comparison of the apo-Rv3066 and Rv3066-ethidium crystal structures suggests that the conformational changes leading to drug-mediated derepression is primarily due to a rigid body rotational motion within the dimer interface of the regulator. The Rv3066 regulator creates a multidrug-binding pocket, which contains five aromatic residues. The bound ethidium is found buried within the multidrug-binding site, where extensive aromatic stacking interactions seemingly govern the binding. In vitro studies reveal that the dimeric Rv3066 regulator binds to a 14-bp palindromic inverted repeat sequence in the nanomolar range. These findings provide new insight into the mechanisms of ligand binding and Rv3066 regulation. C1 [Bolla, Jani Reddy; Long, Feng; Su, Chih-Chia; Lei, Hsiang-Ting; Chen, Xiao; Gerkey, Jillian E.; Murphy, Daniel C.; Yu, Edward W.] Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Coll Vet Med, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Do, Sylvia V.; Yu, Edward W.] Iowa State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Bioinformat & Computat Biol Interdept Grad Progra, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Dai, Lei; Zhang, Qijing] Iowa State Univ, Dept Vet Microbiol, Coll Vet Med, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Rajashankar, Kanagalaghatta R.] Cornell Univ, Argonne Natl Lab, Dept Chem & Chem Biol, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Rajashankar, Kanagalaghatta R.] Cornell Univ, Argonne Natl Lab, NE CAT, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Yu, Edward W.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Yu, EW (reprint author), Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Coll Vet Med, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM ewyu@iastate.edu RI Long, Feng/F-5475-2011 OI Long, Feng/0000-0001-6313-8558 FU National Center for Research Resources at the National Institutes of Health [RR-15301]; National Institutes of Health (NIH) [DK063008, GM086431]; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; Community College Institute of Science Internship (CCI) and Science Undergraduate Laboratory Internship (SULI) from the DOE FX The authors are grateful to Susan T. Howard at the University of Texas Health Science Center (Tyler) for providing the pMV261plasmid used in this study. This work is based upon research conducted at the Northeastern Collaborative Access Team beamlines of the Advanced Photon Source, supported by award RR-15301 from the National Center for Research Resources at the National Institutes of Health.; National Institutes of Health (NIH) [DK063008 to Q.Z. and GM086431 to E.W.Y.]; Use of the Advanced Photon Source is supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; Community College Institute of Science Internship (CCI) and Science Undergraduate Laboratory Internship (SULI) from the DOE (to J.E.G. and D. C. M.). Funding for open access charge: NIH [GM086431]. NR 43 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 8 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0305-1048 EI 1362-4962 J9 NUCLEIC ACIDS RES JI Nucleic Acids Res. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 40 IS 18 BP 9340 EP 9355 DI 10.1093/nar/gks677 PG 16 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 022AJ UT WOS:000309927100055 PM 22821564 ER PT J AU Ham, TS Dmytriv, Z Plahar, H Chen, J Hillson, NJ Keasling, JD AF Ham, Timothy S. Dmytriv, Zinovii Plahar, Hector Chen, Joanna Hillson, Nathan J. Keasling, Jay D. TI Design, implementation and practice of JBEI-ICE: an open source biological part registry platform and tools SO NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID DNA; SOFTWARE AB The Joint BioEnergy Institute Inventory of Composable Elements (JBEI-ICEs) is an open source registry platform for managing information about biological parts. It is capable of recording information about 'legacy' parts, such as plasmids, microbial host strains and Arabidopsis seeds, as well as DNA parts in various assembly standards. ICE is built on the idea of a web of registries and thus provides strong support for distributed interconnected use. The information deposited in an ICE installation instance is accessible both via a web browser and through the web application programming interfaces, which allows automated access to parts via third-party programs. JBEI-ICE includes several useful web browser-based graphical applications for sequence annotation, manipulation and analysis that are also open source. As with open source software, users are encouraged to install, use and customize JBEI-ICE and its components for their particular purposes. As a web application programming interface, ICE provides well-developed parts storage functionality for other synthetic biology software projects. A public instance is available at public-registry.jbei.org, where users can try out features, upload parts or simply use it for their projects. The ICE software suite is available via Google Code, a hosting site for community-driven open source projects. C1 [Ham, Timothy S.; Dmytriv, Zinovii; Plahar, Hector; Chen, Joanna; Hillson, Nathan J.; Keasling, Jay D.] Joint BioEnergy Inst, Fuels Synth Div, Emeryville, CA 94608 USA. [Ham, Timothy S.] Sandia Natl Labs, Div 8634, Ca Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Dmytriv, Zinovii; Plahar, Hector; Chen, Joanna; Hillson, Nathan J.; Keasling, Jay D.] Lawrence Berkley Natl Labs, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Keasling, Jay D.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Bioengn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Keasling, Jay D.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Keasling, JD (reprint author), Joint BioEnergy Inst, Fuels Synth Div, 5885 Hollis St,4th Floor, Emeryville, CA 94608 USA. EM jdkeasling@lbl.gov RI Keasling, Jay/J-9162-2012; Hillson, Nathan/F-9957-2012 OI Keasling, Jay/0000-0003-4170-6088; Hillson, Nathan/0000-0002-9169-3978 FU Office of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research of the U S Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; US Department of Energy FX Office of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research of the U S Department of Energy [Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231]. Funding for open access charge: US Department of Energy. NR 15 TC 49 Z9 53 U1 1 U2 13 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0305-1048 J9 NUCLEIC ACIDS RES JI Nucleic Acids Res. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 40 IS 18 DI 10.1093/nar/gks531 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 022AJ UT WOS:000309927100005 PM 22718978 ER PT J AU He, ZR Chen, JH Sun, ZZ Szulczewski, G Li, DW AF He, Zhengran Chen, Jihua Sun, Zhenzhong Szulczewski, Greg Li, Dawen TI Air-flow navigated crystal growth for TIPS pentacene-based organic thin-film transistors SO ORGANIC ELECTRONICS LA English DT Article DE TIPS pentacene; Air-flow navigation; Crystallization anisotropy; Organic thin film transistors ID FIELD-EFFECT TRANSISTORS; CHARGE-TRANSPORT; PERFORMANCE; DROPS AB 6,13-Bis(triisopropylsilylethynyl)pentacene (TIPS pentacene) is a promising active channel material of organic thin-film transistors (OTFTs) due to its solubility, stability, and high mobility. However, the growth of TIPS pentacene crystals is intrinsically anisotropic and thus leads to significant variation in the performance of OTFTs. In this paper, air flow is utilized to effectively improve the TIPS pentacene crystal orientation and enhance performance consistency in OTFTs, and the resulted films are examined with optical microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and thin-film transistor measurements. Under air-flow navigation (AFN), TIPS pentacene drop-cast from toluene solution has been observed to form thin films with improved crystal orientation and increased areal coverage on substrates, which subsequently lead to a fourfold increase of average hole mobility and one order of magnitude enhancement in performance consistency defined by the ratio of average mobility to the standard deviation of the field-effect mobilities. (c) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [He, Zhengran; Sun, Zhenzhong; Li, Dawen] Univ Alabama, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Ctr Mat Informat Technol, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA. [Chen, Jihua] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Nanophase Mat Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Szulczewski, Greg] Univ Alabama, Dept Chem, Ctr Mat Informat Technol, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA. RP Li, DW (reprint author), Univ Alabama, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Ctr Mat Informat Technol, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA. EM dawenl@eng.ua.edu RI He, Zhengran/K-1869-2013; Chen, Jihua/F-1417-2011; He, Zhengran/A-9898-2017 OI He, Zhengran/0000-0002-6853-0265; Chen, Jihua/0000-0001-6879-5936; FU Research Grant Committee (RGC) fund; Center for Materials for Information Technology (MINT) at the University of Alabama; Oak Ridge National Laboratory by the Division of Scientific User Facilities, Office of Basic Energy Sciences; U.S. Department of Energy FX This work was supported by the Research Grant Committee (RGC) fund and the Center for Materials for Information Technology (MINT) at the University of Alabama. A portion of this research was conducted at the Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, which is sponsored at Oak Ridge National Laboratory by the Division of Scientific User Facilities, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, and U.S. Department of Energy. NR 28 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 44 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1566-1199 J9 ORG ELECTRON JI Org. Electron. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 13 IS 10 BP 1819 EP 1826 DI 10.1016/j.orgel.2012.05.044 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA 017LK UT WOS:000309591200008 ER PT J AU Santala, MK Reed, BW Raoux, S Topuria, T LaGrange, T Campbell, GH AF Santala, Melissa K. Reed, Bryan W. Raoux, Simone Topuria, Teya LaGrange, Thomas Campbell, Geoffrey H. TI Nanosecond-scale time-resolved electron imaging during laser crystallization of GeTe SO PHYSICA STATUS SOLIDI B-BASIC SOLID STATE PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE GeTe; in situ TEM; phase change materials; transmission electron microscopy ID PHASE-CHANGE MATERIALS; AMORPHOUS-SILICON; THIN-FILMS; TE ALLOYS; TRANSMISSION; MICROSCOPE; NUCLEATION; STORAGE; GROWTH; HEAT AB Laser crystallization of amorphous phase change materials (PCMs) occurs on the nanosecond scale, during which it is challenging to probe the details of microstructural development experimentally. In this study, in situ laser-induced crystallization of amorphous GeTe thin films was imaged with transmission electron microscopy with 15-ns time resolution. These data provide insight into the crystallization process of PCMs during laser crystallization. The initial results allow us to begin to develop a detailed picture of the crystallization process when high spatial and temporal temperature gradients exist. Differences in the nucleation rate may be distinguished within the laser-affected area and changes in the microstructure before crystallization suggest the occurrence of melting of the amorphous phase at the laser energy used. The amorphous melting temperature is estimated based on the thermodynamic data available. C1 [Santala, Melissa K.; Reed, Bryan W.; LaGrange, Thomas; Campbell, Geoffrey H.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Condensed Matter & Mat Div, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. [Raoux, Simone] IBM Corp, TJ Watson Res Ctr, Yorktown Hts, NY 10598 USA. [Topuria, Teya] IBM Corp, Almaden Res Ctr, Div Res, San Jose, CA 95120 USA. RP Santala, MK (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Condensed Matter & Mat Div, 7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM santala1@llnl.gov RI Reed, Bryan/C-6442-2013; Campbell, Geoffrey/F-7681-2010; Santala, Melissa/K-6871-2013; Raoux, Simone/G-3920-2016; OI Santala, Melissa/0000-0002-5189-5153 FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344] FX This work performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. NR 38 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 36 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA BOSCHSTRASSE 12, D-69469 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 0370-1972 J9 PHYS STATUS SOLIDI B JI Phys. Status Solidi B-Basic Solid State Phys. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 249 IS 10 SI SI BP 1907 EP 1913 DI 10.1002/pssb.201200418 PG 7 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 017NQ UT WOS:000309597300016 ER PT J AU Ferk, A Denton, JS Leonhardt, R Tuffen, H Koch, S Hess, KU Dingwell, DB AF Ferk, A. Denton, J. S. Leonhardt, R. Tuffen, H. Koch, S. Hess, K. -U. Dingwell, D. B. TI Paleointensity on volcanic glass of varying hydration states SO PHYSICS OF THE EARTH AND PLANETARY INTERIORS LA English DT Article DE Paleointensity; Thellier method; Volcanic glass; Obsidian; Perlite; Hydration ID SUBMARINE BASALTIC GLASS; COOLING-RATE; THELLIER EXPERIMENTS; GEOMAGNETIC-FIELD; TORFAJOKULL; INTENSITY; RHYOLITE; MAGNETIZATION; DEPENDENCE; CRYSTALS AB We have characterised the magnetic properties of variably hydrated volcanic glasses that were collected from rhyolitic deposits at Blahnukur, Torfajokull, Iceland. The glasses span the range from fresh obsidians to highly fractured perlites that contain >2 wt% water. Lava hydration plays a key role in the formation of perlite and, hence, these rocks are ideal to study hydration effects on remanence carriers and reliability of the paleomagnetic record. The total volatile content of the different samples was determined as a proxy for the degree of perlitisation/hydration. It was found that coercivity of remanence, saturation magnetisation and saturation of remanence decrease with increasing hydration, i.e. that magnetic remanence carriers get lost and that magnetic stability is reduced. Additionally, thermal demagnetisation of a three component isothermal remanence revealed that mainly the high coercive material is destroyed within the more strongly hydrated samples while lower coercive material seems to be less affected. Grain sizes of all but one samples are in the pseudo-single domain range (the one exception shows multi-domain characteristics). It was impossible to unambiguously identify the remanence carriers, but titanomagnetites are most likely responsible for the lower coercivity component while hemoilmenites possibly represent the higher one. A modified Thellier method was used to determine paleointensity values. As most of the samples are hydrated it is not astonishing that the overall paleointensity data is not of very high quality. However, it is important to note that there are hydrated samples with well-defined Arai-diagrams. Although seemingly of high quality, these paleointensity values are incorrect as there is a trend towards lower paleointensity values observed with increasing perlitisation. We attempted to test for magnetic anisotropy and cooling rate dependency, but this was hampered by alteration during the experiments. However, we argue that both anisotropy and cooling rate dependency are unlikely to be responsible for the observed trend in paleointensity. Thus, even well-defined paleointensity values can be erroneous when obtained from hydrated glass. This emphasises the need for unaltered samples and additional attention during paleointensity determinations. (c) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Ferk, A.; Leonhardt, R.] Cent Inst Metrol & Geodynam ZAMG, Conrad Observ, A-1190 Vienna, Austria. [Denton, J. S.; Tuffen, H.] Univ Lancaster, Div Environm Sci, Lancaster Environm Ctr, Lancaster LA1 4YQ, England. [Koch, S.; Hess, K. -U.; Dingwell, D. B.] Univ Munich, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, D-80333 Munich, Germany. [Denton, J. S.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. RP Ferk, A (reprint author), Cent Inst Metrol & Geodynam ZAMG, Conrad Observ, A-1190 Vienna, Austria. EM annika.ferk@geophysik.uni-muenchen.de RI Tuffen, Hugh/A-5388-2009; Dingwell, Donald/A-4724-2011; OI Dingwell, Donald/0000-0002-3332-789X; Hess, Kai-Uwe/0000-0003-1860-8543 FU DFG [Le1905/1-1]; FWF [P21221-N14]; NERC [NE/G000654/1, NE/E013740/1]; LMUexcellent Research Professorship in experimental Volcanology (Bundesexzellenzinitiative); ERC advanced grant EVOKES; Geological Society (Timothy Jefferson Field Research Fund) FX Funding for A. Ferk and R. Leonhardt was provided by DFG Grant Le1905/1-1 and FWF Grant P21221-N14. H. Tuffen acknowledges support from NERC Grants NE/G000654/1 and NE/E013740/1 and D. B. Dingwell the funding support of a LMUexcellent Research Professorship in experimental Volcanology (Bundesexzellenzinitiative) and ERC advanced grant EVOKES. J.S. Denton's fieldwork was funded by the Geological Society (Timothy Jefferson Field Research Fund). We further thank the Icelandic Environment Agency, the Icelandic Centre for research and the Icelandic Institute of Natural History for permission to conduct fieldwork in the Fjallabak Nature Reserve. Warm thanks to Nina Gegenhuber for help with sampling. NR 48 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 20 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0031-9201 EI 1872-7395 J9 PHYS EARTH PLANET IN JI Phys. Earth Planet. Inter. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 208 BP 25 EP 37 DI 10.1016/j.pepi.2012.06.004 PG 13 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 025HX UT WOS:000310180500003 ER PT J AU Tong, HM Zhang, L Huang, LQ Ren, G AF Tong Hui-Min Zhang Lei Huang Li-Qing Ren Gang TI Optimized negative-staining protocol for electron microscopy study of lipoprotein structure SO PROGRESS IN BIOCHEMISTRY AND BIOPHYSICS LA Chinese DT Editorial Material ID HIGH-DENSITY-LIPOPROTEINS; HUMAN APOLIPOPROTEIN-E; LIMPET HEMOCYANIN KLH; ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE; TRANSPORT PROTEIN; REASSOCIATION; PARTICLES; BINDING C1 [Tong Hui-Min; Huang Li-Qing] Xi An Jiao Tong Univ, MOE Key Lab Nonequilibrium Synth & Modulat Co, Sch Sci, Xian 710049, Peoples R China. [Tong Hui-Min; Zhang Lei; Ren Gang] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Mol Foundry, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Ren, G (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Mol Foundry, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM gren@lbl.gov RI Foundry, Molecular/G-9968-2014; Zhang, Lei/G-6427-2012 OI Zhang, Lei/0000-0002-4880-824X NR 34 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 4 PU CHINESE ACAD SCIENCES, INST BIOPHYSICS PI BEIJING PA 15 DATUN RD, CHAOYAND DISTRICT, BEIJING, 100101, PEOPLES R CHINA SN 1000-3282 J9 PROG BIOCHEM BIOPHYS JI Prog. Biochem. Biophys. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 39 IS 10 BP 972 EP 978 DI 10.3724/SP.J.1206.2012.00224 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA 024OK UT WOS:000310118300005 ER PT J AU Hill, AJ Neary, VS AF Hill, A. Jason Neary, Vincent S. TI Annual Water Budgets for a Seasonally Inundated Sinkhole Wetland SO WETLANDS LA English DT Article DE Wetland hydrology; Evapotranspiration; Water budget ID HYDROLOGY; USA AB Annual water budgets spanning 2 years, 2004 and 2005, are constructed for a sinkhole wetland in the Tennessee Highland Rim following conversion of 13 % of the watershed area to impervious surfaces. Surface runoff was the dominant input, with a contribution of 56.4 % of the total. An average of 18.9 % of gross precipitation was intercepted by the canopy and evaporated. Deep recharge varied from 55.5 % (2004) to 52.2 % (2005) of total outflow. Evapotranspiration accounted for 46.2 % of the total losses, with an average of 50.3 % lost from soil profile storage. The annual water budgets indicate that deep recharge is a significant hydrologic function performed by isolated sinkhole wetlands, or karst pans, on the Tennessee Highland Rim. Continued hydrologic monitoring of sinkhole wetlands are needed to evaluate hydrologic function and response to anthropogenic impacts. The regression technique developed to estimate surface runoff entering the wetland is shown to provide reasonable annual runoff estimates, but further testing is needed. C1 [Hill, A. Jason] Univ So Indiana, Dept Engn, Evansville, IN 47712 USA. [Neary, Vincent S.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Hill, AJ (reprint author), Univ So Indiana, Dept Engn, 8600 Univ Blvd, Evansville, IN 47712 USA. EM ajhill3@usi.edu; nearyvs@ornl.gov NR 30 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 20 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0277-5212 EI 1943-6246 J9 WETLANDS JI Wetlands PD OCT PY 2012 VL 32 IS 5 BP 963 EP 974 DI 10.1007/s13157-012-0331-7 PG 12 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 024CK UT WOS:000310085100017 ER PT J AU Jain, A Buchko, GW Reback, ML O'Hagan, M Ginovska-Pangovska, B Linehan, JC Shaw, WJ AF Jain, Avijita Buchko, Garry W. Reback, Matthew L. O'Hagan, Molly Ginovska-Pangovska, Bojana Linehan, John C. Shaw, Wendy J. TI Active Hydrogenation Catalyst with a Structured, Peptide-Based Outer-Coordination Sphere SO ACS CATALYSIS LA English DT Article DE outer-coordination sphere; peptide catalyst; bioinspired catalyst; hydrogenation catalysis; artificial enzyme ID SOLID-PHASE SYNTHESIS; ENANTIOSELECTIVE CATALYSIS; ARTIFICIAL METALLOENZYMES; SECONDARY STRUCTURE; PHOSPHINE-LIGANDS; PROTEIN; DESIGN; NMR; INDUCTION; EFFICIENT AB The synthesis, catalytic activity, and structural features of a rhodium-based hydrogenation catalyst containing a phosphine ligand coupled to a 14-residue peptide are reported. Both CD and NMR spectroscopy show that the peptide adopts a helical structure in 1:1:1 TFE/MeCN/H2O that is maintained when the peptide is attached to the ligand and when the ligand is attached to the metal complex. The metal complex hydrogenates aqueous solutions of 3-butenol to 1-butanol at 360 +/- 50 turnovers/Rh/h at 294 K. This peptide-based catalyst represents a starting point for developing and characterizing a peptide-based outer-coordination sphere that can be used to introduce enzyme-like features into molecular catalysts. C1 [Jain, Avijita; Buchko, Garry W.; Reback, Matthew L.; O'Hagan, Molly; Ginovska-Pangovska, Bojana; Linehan, John C.; Shaw, Wendy J.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99354 USA. RP Buchko, GW (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99354 USA. EM garry.buchko@pnnl.gov; john.linehan@pnnl.gov; wendy.shaw@pnnl.gov RI Buchko, Garry/G-6173-2015 OI Buchko, Garry/0000-0002-3639-1061 FU U.S. Department of Energy Basic Energy Sciences, Chemical Sciences, Geoscience and Biosciences Division; Office of Science Early Career Research Program through the Office of Basic Energy Sciences; Center for Molecular Electrocatalysis, an Energy Frontier Research Center; US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences; U.S. Department of Energy's Office of Biological and Environmental Research (BER) program FX This work was funded by the U.S. Department of Energy Basic Energy Sciences, Chemical Sciences, Geoscience and Biosciences Division (A.J., J.C.L., and W.J.S.), the Office of Science Early Career Research Program through the Office of Basic Energy Sciences (G.W.B., M.L.R., B.G.-P. and W.J.S.), and the Center for Molecular Electrocatalysis, an Energy Frontier Research Center funded by the US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences (M.O.). Part of the research was conducted at the W.R. Wiley Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, a national scientific user facility sponsored by U.S. Department of Energy's Office of Biological and Environmental Research (BER) program located at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL). PNNL is operated by Battelle for the U.S. Department of Energy. NR 42 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 3 U2 32 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 2155-5435 J9 ACS CATAL JI ACS Catal. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 2 IS 10 BP 2114 EP 2118 DI 10.1021/cs3004177 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 017UG UT WOS:000309615900007 ER PT J AU Khnayzer, RS Mara, MW Huang, J Shelby, ML Chen, LX Castellano, FN AF Khnayzer, Rony S. Mara, Michael W. Huang, Jier Shelby, Megan L. Chen, Lin X. Castellano, Felix N. TI Structure and Activity of Photochemically Deposited "CoPi" Oxygen Evolving Catalyst on Titania SO ACS CATALYSIS LA English DT Article DE cobalt phosphate; CoPi; titania; structure; water oxidation; oxygen evolution; photodeposition ID ABSORPTION FINE-STRUCTURE; EXTENDED X-RAY; PHOTOELECTROCHEMICAL WATER OXIDATION; SENSITIZED SOLAR-CELLS; HYDROGEN-PRODUCTION; NEUTRAL PH; COBALT; PHOSPHATE; ENERGY; SPECTROSCOPY AB The cobalt phosphate "CoPi" oxygen evolving catalyst (OEC) was photochemically grown on the surface of TiO2 photoanodes short-circuited to a Pt wire under bandgap illumination in the presence of Co(NO3)(2) and sodium phosphate (NaPi) buffer. Extended photodeposition (15 h) using a hand-held UV lamp readily permitted quantitative structural and electrochemical characterization of the photochemically deposited CoPi OEC on titania. The formed catalytic material was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy experiments, illustrating the production of easily visualized micrometer scale clusters throughout the titania surface containing both cobalt and phosphate. X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) and X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) studies indicated that the newly formed material was structurally consistent with the production of molecular cobaltate clusters composed of a cobalt oxide core that is most likely terminated by phosphate ions. The oxidation state, structure, and the oxygen evolution activity of this CoPi catalyst photochemically grown on titania were quantitatively similar to the analogous electrodeposited materials on titania as well as those produced on other electroactive substrates. From pH-dependent electrochemical measurements, proton-coupled electron transfer was shown to be an important step in the oxygen evolution mechanism from the photodeposited OEC clusters on TiO2 in agreement with previous reports on other materials. Similarly, the utilization of NaCl4 as electrolyte during the controlled potential electrolysis experiments failed to maintain an appreciable current density, indicating that the catalyst was rendered inactive with respect to the one immersed in NaPi. The requirement of having phosphate present for long-term catalytic activity implied that the same "repair" mechanism might be invoked for the hybrid materials investigated here. The OEC catalyst operated at Faradaic efficiencies close to 100% in controlled potential electrolysis experiments, indicating that the holes relayed to the photodeposited CoPi are indeed selective for promoting water oxidation on titania. C1 [Mara, Michael W.; Huang, Jier; Shelby, Megan L.; Chen, Lin X.] Argonne Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Engn Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Khnayzer, Rony S.; Castellano, Felix N.] Bowling Green State Univ, Dept Chem, Bowling Green, OH 43403 USA. [Khnayzer, Rony S.; Castellano, Felix N.] Bowling Green State Univ, Ctr Photochem Sci, Bowling Green, OH 43403 USA. [Mara, Michael W.; Huang, Jier; Shelby, Megan L.; Chen, Lin X.] Northwestern Univ, Dept Chem, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. RP Chen, LX (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Engn Div, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM lchen@anl.gov; castell@bgsu.edu OI Khnayzer, Rony/0000-0001-7775-0027; Castellano, Felix/0000-0001-7546-8618 FU National Science Foundation [CHE-1012487]; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX The BGSU portion of the work was supported by the National Science Foundation (CHE-1012487). A part of research at Argonne National Laboratory in the Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract DE-AC02-06CH11357. Work at the Argonne National Laboratory Advanced Photon Source was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract DE-AC02-06CH11357. NR 68 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 8 U2 119 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 2155-5435 J9 ACS CATAL JI ACS Catal. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 2 IS 10 BP 2150 EP 2160 DI 10.1021/cs3005192 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 017UG UT WOS:000309615900012 ER PT J AU Wittstock, A Wichmann, A Baumert, M AF Wittstock, Arne Wichmann, Andre Baeumert, Marcus TI Nanoporous Gold as a Platform for a Building Block Catalyst SO ACS CATALYSIS LA English DT Review DE gold catalysis; nanoporous gold; bimetallic catalyst; gas phase catalysis; electrocatalysis; electrocatalytic sensors ID MODIFIED CARBON ELECTRODES; ATOMIC LAYER DEPOSITION; SURFACE-STRESS; ELECTROCATALYTIC OXIDATION; POROSITY EVOLUTION; ALKALINE-SOLUTION; TITANIUM-DIOXIDE; AU NANOPARTICLES; LOW-TEMPERATURE; CO OXIDATION AB Porous bulk materials are of great interest in catalysis because they can be employed in heterogeneous gas and liquid phase catalysis, electrocatalysis, and in electrocatalytic sensing. Nanoporous gold gained considerable attraction in this context because it is the prime example of a corrosion-derived nanoporous bulk metal. The material was shown to be a very active and selective Au type catalyst for a variety of oxidation reactions. By leveraging the functionalization of the surface of the material with various additives, its catalytic applications can be extended and tuned. In this review, we will summarize recent developments in using nanoporous gold as the platform for the development of high performance catalytic materials by adding metals, metal oxides, and molecular functionalities as building blocks. C1 [Wittstock, Arne] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, NSCL, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Wichmann, Andre; Baeumert, Marcus] Univ Bremen, Ctr Environm Res & Sustainable Technol, D-28359 Bremen, Germany. [Wichmann, Andre; Baeumert, Marcus] Univ Bremen, Inst Appl & Phys Chem, D-28359 Bremen, Germany. RP Wittstock, A (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, NSCL, 7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM wittstock1@llnl.gov; mbaeumer@uni-bremen.de FU University Bremen; state of Bremen; U.S. Department of Energy by LLNL [DE-AC52-07NA27344] FX The authors thank University Bremen and the state of Bremen for financial support. A.W.'s work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by LLNL under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. NR 142 TC 37 Z9 39 U1 6 U2 166 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 2155-5435 J9 ACS CATAL JI ACS Catal. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 2 IS 10 BP 2199 EP 2215 DI 10.1021/cs300231u PG 17 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 017UG UT WOS:000309615900018 ER PT J AU Beers, KM Balsara, NP AF Beers, Keith M. Balsara, Nitash P. TI Design of Cluster-free Polymer Electrolyte Membranes and Implications on Proton Conductivity SO ACS MACRO LETTERS LA English DT Article ID X-RAY-SCATTERING; SULFONATED BLOCK-COPOLYMERS; COUNTERION CONDENSATION; PHASE-BEHAVIOR; NAFION; IONOMERS; MORPHOLOGY; POLYSTYRENE; MICROSTRUCTURE; BRUSHES AB Nanoscale ionic aggregates are ubiquitous in copolymers containing charged and uncharged monomers. In most cases, these clusters persist when these polymers are hydrated and ion-conducting channels percolate through the sample. We argue that these clusters impede ion motion due to (1) the requirement that ions must hop across ion-free regions in the channels as they are transported from one cluster to the next, and (2) increased counterion condensation due to proximity of fixed acid groups in the clusters. Block copolymers wherein the size of the ion-containing microphase is 6 nm or less provides one approach for eliminating the clusters. C1 [Beers, Keith M.; Balsara, Nitash P.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Balsara, Nitash P.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Environm Energy Technol Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Beers, Keith M.; Balsara, Nitash P.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Balsara, NP (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM nbalsara@berkeley.edu FU Electron Microscopy of Soft Matter Program at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL); Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Sciences and Engineering Division, of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX The authors thank Dr. Sergey Yakovlev and Dr. Kenneth Downing for their work imaging ion clusters in PSS-PMB block copolymers and for helpful discussions on the subject. This work was supported by the Electron Microscopy of Soft Matter Program at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL) supported by the Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Sciences and Engineering Division, of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. NR 40 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 1 U2 48 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 2161-1653 J9 ACS MACRO LETT JI ACS Macro Lett. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 1 IS 10 BP 1155 EP 1160 DI 10.1021/mz300389f PG 6 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 020JM UT WOS:000309804800002 ER PT J AU Kar, A Li, QM Upadhya, PC Seo, MA Wright, J Luk, TS Wang, GT Prasankumar, RP AF Kar, Ayan Li, Qiming Upadhya, Prashanth C. Seo, Min Ah Wright, Jeremy Luk, T. S. Wang, George T. Prasankumar, Rohit P. TI The influence of radial heterostructuring on carrier dynamics in gallium nitride nanowires SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID GAN-NANOWIRES; PHOTOCONDUCTIVITY; ELECTRON; GROWTH AB Ultrafast optical pump-probe spectroscopy is used to study the influence of aluminum nitride (AlN) and aluminum gallium nitride (AlGaN) shells on carrier dynamics in radially heterostructured GaN nanowires (NWs). Our experiments reveal longer carrier relaxation times and lower lasing thresholds in NWs passivated with a higher bandgap shell, which can be attributed to a reduction in surface defect state density. We observe that carrier relaxation times vary with the nitride shell material and thickness, likely due to strain from the lattice mismatch between the core and shell materials. Our results demonstrate that radial heterostructuring is a promising route to controlling carrier dynamics in III-nitride NWs. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4756915] C1 [Kar, Ayan] Univ Illinois, Elect & Comp Engn Dept, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. [Kar, Ayan; Upadhya, Prashanth C.; Seo, Min Ah; Prasankumar, Rohit P.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Integrated Nanotechnol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Li, Qiming; Wright, Jeremy; Luk, T. S.; Wang, George T.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Upadhya, Prashanth C.] Indian Inst Sci Educ & Res, Kolkata 741252, India. RP Kar, A (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Elect & Comp Engn Dept, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. EM rpprasan@lanl.gov RI Seo, Minah/E-5694-2010; Wright, Jeremy/G-7149-2011 OI Wright, Jeremy/0000-0001-6861-930X FU Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Science and Engineering; National Nuclear Security administration of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC52-06NA25396]; United States Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94Al85000] FX This work was performed at the Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, a US Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences (BES) user facility and supported by the Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Science and Engineering. Los Alamos National Laboratory, an affirmative action equal opportunity employer, is operated by Los Alamos National Security, LLC, for the National Nuclear Security administration of the U.S. Department of Energy under contract no. DE-AC52-06NA25396. Sandia is a multiprogram laboratory operated by Sandia Corporation, a Lockheed Martin Company, for the United States Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under contract no. DE-AC04-94Al85000. NR 28 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 25 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 EI 1077-3118 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD OCT 1 PY 2012 VL 101 IS 14 AR 143104 DI 10.1063/1.4756915 PG 5 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 017PS UT WOS:000309603300079 ER PT J AU Lim, WL Moon, EJ Freeland, JW Meyers, DJ Kareev, M Chakhalian, J Urazhdin, S AF Lim, W. L. Moon, E. J. Freeland, J. W. Meyers, D. J. Kareev, M. Chakhalian, J. Urazhdin, S. TI Field-effect diode based on electron-induced Mott transition in NdNiO3 SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID METAL-INSULATOR-TRANSITION AB We studied an electron-induced metal-insulator transition in a two-terminal device based on oxide NdNiO3. In our device, the NdNiO3 is electrostatically doped by the voltage applied between the terminals, resulting in an asymmetric conductivity with respect to the bias polarity. The asymmetry is temperature-dependent and is most significant near the metal-insulator transition. The I-V characteristics exhibit a strong dependence both on the thermal history and the history of the applied voltage bias. Our two-terminal device represents a simple and efficient route for studies of the effect of electron doping on the metal-insulator transition. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4757865] C1 [Lim, W. L.; Urazhdin, S.] Emory Univ, Dept Phys, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Moon, E. J.; Meyers, D. J.; Kareev, M.; Chakhalian, J.] Univ Arkansas, Dept Phys, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. [Freeland, J. W.] Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Lim, WL (reprint author), Emory Univ, Dept Phys, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. EM Sergei.Urazhdin@emory.edu RI Moon, Eun Ju/C-7856-2014; Chakhalian, Jak/F-2274-2015 FU ONR [10-001-SA1002031]; NSF [DMR-0747808]; DOD-ARO [W911NF-11-1-0200] FX The research at the University of Arkansas was supported by ONR grant (No. 10-001-SA1002031), and partially by NSF grant (No. DMR-0747808) and DOD-ARO grant (No. W911NF-11-1-0200). NR 27 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 2 U2 48 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD OCT 1 PY 2012 VL 101 IS 14 AR 143111 DI 10.1063/1.4757865 PG 4 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 017PS UT WOS:000309603300086 ER PT J AU Rougemaille, N N'Diaye, AT Coraux, J Vo-Van, C Fruchart, O Schmid, AK AF Rougemaille, N. N'Diaye, A. T. Coraux, J. Vo-Van, C. Fruchart, O. Schmid, A. K. TI Perpendicular magnetic anisotropy of cobalt films intercalated under graphene SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SURFACE AB Magnetic properties of nanometer-thick Co films intercalated at the graphene/Ir(111) interface are investigated using spin-polarized low-energy electron microscopy and Auger electron spectroscopy. We show that the graphene top layer promotes perpendicular magnetic anisotropy in the Co film underneath, even for relatively thick intercalated deposits. The magnetic anisotropy energy is significantly larger for the graphene/Co interface than for the free Co surface. Hybridization of the graphene and Co electron orbitals is believed to be at the origin of the observed perpendicular magnetic anisotropy. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4749818] C1 [Rougemaille, N.; Coraux, J.; Vo-Van, C.; Fruchart, O.] CNRS, Inst NEEL, F-38042 Grenoble 9, France. [Rougemaille, N.; Coraux, J.; Vo-Van, C.; Fruchart, O.] Univ Grenoble 1, F-38042 Grenoble 9, France. [N'Diaye, A. T.; Schmid, A. K.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Natl Ctr Electron Microscopy, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Rougemaille, N (reprint author), CNRS, Inst NEEL, BP166, F-38042 Grenoble 9, France. RI Coraux, Johann/A-7897-2008; Foundry, Molecular/G-9968-2014; OI Fruchart, Olivier/0000-0001-7717-5229 FU Fondation Nanosciences; Alexander von Humboldt Foundation; French ANR [ANR-2010-BLAN-1019-NMGEM]; Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Scientific User Facilities Division, of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX C.V.-V. acknowledges financial support from the Fondation Nanosciences. A.T.N. acknowledges the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation for a Feodor Lynen research fellowship. This work was partially supported by the French ANR contract ANR-2010-BLAN-1019-NMGEM. Experiments were performed at the National Center for Electron Microscopy, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, supported by the Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Scientific User Facilities Division, of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. NR 25 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 81 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD OCT 1 PY 2012 VL 101 IS 14 AR 142403 DI 10.1063/1.4749818 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 017PS UT WOS:000309603300062 ER PT J AU Sahoo, SK Patel, RP Wolden, CA AF Sahoo, S. K. Patel, R. P. Wolden, C. A. TI Leakage current mechanisms in high performance alumina-silicone nanolaminate dielectrics SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID THIN-FILM TRANSISTORS; FIELD-EFFECT TRANSISTORS; ATOMIC LAYER EPITAXY; GATE DIELECTRICS; OXIDE; DEPOSITION; GROWTH AB Alumina-silicone nanolaminates deposited by plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition were explored as dielectrics in metal-insulator-metal capacitors. Temperature-dependent current versus voltage (I-V) measurements were used to investigate the conduction mechanisms contributing to the leakage current in these structures. It is observed that space charge limited current mechanism is the dominant conduction process in the high field region. The estimated shallow trap level energies (E-t) are 0.16 eV and 0.33 eV for 50% and 83.3% Al2O3 nanolaminates, respectively. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4756788] C1 [Sahoo, S. K.] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Patel, R. P.; Wolden, C. A.] Colorado Sch Mines, Dept Chem & Biol Engn, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Sahoo, SK (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, 1617 Cole Blvd, Golden, CO 80401 USA. EM santoshiitk@gmail.com FU National Science Foundation [CMMI-0826323] FX We gratefully acknowledge the National Science Foundation for the support of this work through award CMMI-0826323 and would like to thank the National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado for using their electrical measurement facilities. NR 28 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 2 U2 23 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD OCT 1 PY 2012 VL 101 IS 14 AR 142903 DI 10.1063/1.4756788 PG 4 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 017PS UT WOS:000309603300072 ER PT J AU Smith, NA Bowers, DL Ehst, DA AF Smith, Nicholas A. Bowers, Delbert L. Ehst, David A. TI The production, separation, and use of Cu-67 for radioimmunotherapy: A review SO APPLIED RADIATION AND ISOTOPES LA English DT Review DE Proton irradiation; Neutron irradiation; Gamma irradiation; Medical isotope; Review; Copper-67 ID THERAPEUTIC RADIONUCLIDES; NUCLEAR-MEDICINE; IRRADIATED ZINC; ENRICHED ZN-70; NO-CARRIER; TARGETS; CU-67-2IT-BAT-LYM-1; COPPER-64; LYMPHOMA; RECOVERY AB A review of the literature pertaining to the production and separation of Cu-67. This isotope is useful from both therapeutic and diagnostic standpoints due to its medium energy beta particle, gamma emissions, and 2.6-day half-life. It has been produced via proton, neutron, and gamma irradiations on zinc followed by solvent extraction, ion exchange, electrodeposition, and/or sublimation. Widespread use of this isotope for clinical studies and preliminary treatments has been limited by unreliable supplies, cost, and difficulty in obtaining therapeutic quantities. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Smith, Nicholas A.; Bowers, Delbert L.] Argonne Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Engn Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Ehst, David A.] Argonne Natl Lab, Nucl Engn Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Smith, NA (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Engn Div, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM smithn@anl.gov FU US Department of Energy Office of Science laboratory [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; US Department of Energy's Office of Science, Office of Nuclear Physics-Isotope Development and Production for Research and Applications (IDPRA) FX The submitted manuscript has been created by UChicago Argonne, LLC, Operator of Argonne National Laboratory ("Argonne"). Argonne, a US Department of Energy Office of Science laboratory, is operated under Contract no. DE-AC02-06CH11357. The US Government retains for itself, and others acting on its behalf, a paid-up nonexclusive, irrevocable worldwide license in said article to reproduce, prepare derivative works, distribute copies to the public, and perform publicly and display publicly, by or on behalf of the Government.; This work was supported by the US Department of Energy's Office of Science, Office of Nuclear Physics-Isotope Development and Production for Research and Applications (IDPRA). NR 42 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 4 U2 28 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0969-8043 J9 APPL RADIAT ISOTOPES JI Appl. Radiat. Isot. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 70 IS 10 BP 2377 EP 2383 DI 10.1016/j.apradiso.2012.07.009 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 017VT UT WOS:000309620000016 PM 22871441 ER PT J AU Fagan, DK Robinson, SM Runkle, RC AF Fagan, Deborah K. Robinson, Sean M. Runkle, Robert C. TI Statistical methods applied to gamma-ray spectroscopy algorithms in nuclear security missions SO APPLIED RADIATION AND ISOTOPES LA English DT Review DE Gamma-ray spectroscopy; Special nuclear material identification; Detection algorithms ID RADIOISOTOPE IDENTIFICATION DEVICES; RADIATION PORTAL MONITORS; SPECTRA; SPECTROMETERS; DETECTORS; REGIONS; SEARCH; DESIGN; SNM AB Gamma-ray spectroscopy is a critical research and development priority to a range of nuclear security missions, specifically the interdiction of special nuclear material involving the detection and identification of gamma-ray sources. We categorize existing methods by the statistical methods on which they rely and identify methods that have yet to be considered. Current methods estimate the effect of counting uncertainty but in many cases do not address larger sources of decision uncertainty, which may be significantly more complex. Thus, significantly improving algorithm performance may require greater coupling between the problem physics that drives data acquisition and statistical methods that analyze such data. Untapped statistical methods, such as Bayes Modeling Averaging and hierarchical and empirical Bayes methods, could reduce decision uncertainty by rigorously and comprehensively incorporating all sources of uncertainty. Application of such methods should further meet the needs of nuclear security missions by improving upon the existing numerical infrastructure for which these analyses have not been conducted. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Fagan, Deborah K.; Robinson, Sean M.; Runkle, Robert C.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Robinson, SM (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM dfagan@pnnl.gov; sean.robinson@pnnl.gov; robert.runkle@pnnl.gov FU National Nuclear Security Administration's Office of Nonproliferation and Verification Research and Development; U.S. Department of Energy by Battelle [DE-AC05-76RL01830] FX The authors thank Ken Jarman for his thorough review and Steve Walsh, David Pfund, and Larry Chilton for their input into the conceptual formulation of this manuscript. The National Nuclear Security Administration's Office of Nonproliferation and Verification Research and Development funded this evaluation. This document is PNNL-SA-83438. Pacific Northwest National Laboratory is operated for the U.S. Department of Energy by Battelle under contract DE-AC05-76RL01830. NR 66 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 11 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0969-8043 J9 APPL RADIAT ISOTOPES JI Appl. Radiat. Isot. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 70 IS 10 BP 2428 EP 2439 DI 10.1016/j.apradiso.2012.06.016 PG 12 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 017VT UT WOS:000309620000024 PM 22871449 ER PT J AU Wang, XB Kang, DWD Shen, K Song, C Lu, SY Chang, LC Liao, SG Huo, ZG Tang, SW Ding, Y Kaminski, N Sibille, E Lin, Y Li, J Tseng, GC AF Wang, Xingbin Kang, Dongwan D. Shen, Kui Song, Chi Lu, Shuya Chang, Lun-Ching Liao, Serena G. Huo, Zhiguang Tang, Shaowu Ding, Ying Kaminski, Naftali Sibille, Etienne Lin, Yan Li, Jia Tseng, George C. TI An R package suite for microarray meta-analysis in quality control, differentially expressed gene analysis and pathway enrichment detection SO BIOINFORMATICS LA English DT Article AB With the rapid advances and prevalence of high-throughput genomic technologies, integrating information of multiple relevant genomic studies has brought new challenges. Microarray meta-analysis has become a frequently used tool in biomedical research. Little effort, however, has been made to develop a systematic pipeline and user-friendly software. In this article, we present MetaOmics, a suite of three R packages MetaQC, MetaDE and MetaPath, for quality control, differentially expressed gene identification and enriched pathway detection for microarray meta-analysis. MetaQC provides a quantitative and objective tool to assist study inclusion/exclusion criteria for meta-analysis. MetaDE and MetaPath were developed for candidate marker and pathway detection, which provide choices of marker detection, meta-analysis and pathway analysis methods. The system allows flexible input of experimental data, clinical outcome (case-control, multi-class, continuous or survival) and pathway databases. It allows missing values in experimental data and utilizes multi-core parallel computing for fast implementation. It generates informative summary output and visualization plots, operates on different operation systems and can be expanded to include new algorithms or combine different types of genomic data. This software suite provides a comprehensive tool to conveniently implement and compare various genomic meta-analysis pipelines. C1 [Li, Jia] Henry Ford Hlth Syst, Detroit, MI 48202 USA. [Wang, Xingbin; Tseng, George C.] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Human Genet, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. [Kang, Dongwan D.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Genom Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Shen, Kui] Univ Pittsburgh, Magee Womens Res Inst, Pittsburgh, PA USA. [Song, Chi; Chang, Lun-Ching; Liao, Serena G.; Huo, Zhiguang; Tang, Shaowu; Lin, Yan; Tseng, George C.] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Biostat, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. [Lu, Shuya] PharmaNet I3, Hunt Valley, MD 21031 USA. [Ding, Ying] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Computat & Syst Biol, Pittsburgh, PA USA. [Kaminski, Naftali] Univ Pittsburgh, Div Pulm Allergy & Crit Care Med, Pittsburgh, PA USA. [Sibille, Etienne] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Psychiat, Pittsburgh, PA USA. RP Li, J (reprint author), Henry Ford Hlth Syst, Detroit, MI 48202 USA. EM ctseng@pitt.edu RI Shen, Kui/E-2764-2015; Shen, Kui/F-1184-2015; Song, Chi/B-1599-2016 FU National Institutes of Health [MH077159, MH094862, HL095397, HL101715] FX The National Institutes of Health (MH077159, MH094862, HL095397 and HL101715). NR 9 TC 46 Z9 47 U1 1 U2 15 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1367-4803 J9 BIOINFORMATICS JI Bioinformatics PD OCT 1 PY 2012 VL 28 IS 19 BP 2534 EP 2536 DI 10.1093/bioinformatics/bts485 PG 3 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Mathematical & Computational Biology; Statistics & Probability SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Computer Science; Mathematical & Computational Biology; Mathematics GA 018UA UT WOS:000309687500023 PM 22863766 ER PT J AU Amine, K AF Amine, Khalil TI Next Generation Batteries to Enable Expansion of Vehicle Electrification SO ELECTROCHEMISTRY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Lithium Battery Program, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Amine, K (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Lithium Battery Program, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RI Amine, Khalil/K-9344-2013 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 14 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC JAPAN PI TOKYO PA ARUSUICHIGAYA202, 4-8-30, KUDANMINAMI, CHIYODA-KU, TOKYO, 102-0074, JAPAN SN 1344-3542 J9 ELECTROCHEMISTRY JI Electrochemistry PD OCT PY 2012 VL 80 IS 10 BP 694 EP 694 PG 1 WC Electrochemistry SC Electrochemistry GA 020IO UT WOS:000309802400002 ER PT J AU Heo, Y Zavala, VM AF Heo, Yeonsook Zavala, Victor M. TI Gaussian process modeling for measurement and verification of building energy savings SO ENERGY AND BUILDINGS LA English DT Article DE Gaussian process modeling; Measurement and verification; Performance-based contracts; Retrofit analysis; Uncertainty ID RISK; UNCERTAINTY; PROJECTS AB We present a Gaussian process (GP) modeling framework to determine energy savings and uncertainty levels in measurement and verification (M&V) practices. Existing M&V guidelines provide savings calculation procedures based on linear regression techniques that are limited in their predictive and uncertainty estimation capabilities. We demonstrate that, unlike linear regression, GP models can capture complex nonlinear and multivariable interactions as well as multiresolution trends of energy behavior. In addition, because GP models are developed under a Bayesian setting, they can capture different sources of uncertainty in a more systematic way. We demonstrate that these capabilities can ultimately lead to significantly less expensive M&V practices. We illustrate the developments using simulated and real data settings. (c) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Heo, Yeonsook] Argonne Natl Lab, Decis & Informat Sci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Zavala, Victor M.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Math & Comp Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Heo, Y (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Decis & Informat Sci Div, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM yheo@anl.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. NR 31 TC 26 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 15 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0378-7788 J9 ENERG BUILDINGS JI Energy Build. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 53 BP 7 EP 18 DI 10.1016/j.enbuild.2012.06.024 PG 12 WC Construction & Building Technology; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Civil SC Construction & Building Technology; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 010IA UT WOS:000309086900002 ER PT J AU Wang, LP Mathew, P Pang, XF AF Wang, Liping Mathew, Paul Pang, Xiufeng TI Uncertainties in energy consumption introduced by building operations and weather for a medium-size office building SO ENERGY AND BUILDINGS LA English DT Article DE Building operations; Uncertainties; EnergyPlus; Monte Carlo analysis ID PRACTICAL APPLICATION; SIMULATION AB Deviations between predicted and actual building energy consumption can be attributed to uncertainties introduced by four components of such projections: (1) the accuracy of the underlying models in simulation tools, (2) the accuracy of input parameters describing the design conditions of building envelopes and HVAC systems (3) actual weather, (4) variations in building operation practices. This study investigates uncertainties in energy consumption due to actual weather and building operational practices using, a simulation-based analysis of a medium-size office building. The combined effect of poor practice in building operations across multiple parameters results in an increase in energy use of 49-79% across four selected cities, while good practice reduces energy use by 15-29% across the cities. The impact of year-to-year weather fluctuation on energy use ranges from -4% to 6%. To determine the uncertainty distribution profile for annual energy use, a Monte Carlo method is applied to sample the possible combinations. This study finds that the uncertainty distribution in annual energy consumption approximately follows a log-normal distribution, and shows that the uncertainty range due to operational factors even at 80% confidence levels can dwarf the impact of design features. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Wang, Liping; Mathew, Paul; Pang, Xiufeng] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Dept Bldg Technol & Urban Syst, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Wang, LP (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Dept Bldg Technol & Urban Syst, 1 Cyclotron Rd,MS90R3147, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM lwang@lbl.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy Building Technologies Program FX The research was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy Building Technologies Program to analyze and develop a commercial mortgage underwriting protocol that uses energy efficiency metrics to evaluate energy-related usage risks. NR 18 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 13 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0378-7788 J9 ENERG BUILDINGS JI Energy Build. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 53 BP 152 EP 158 DI 10.1016/j.enbuild.2012.06.017 PG 7 WC Construction & Building Technology; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Civil SC Construction & Building Technology; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 010IA UT WOS:000309086900017 ER PT J AU Chrzan, DC Shin, SJ Guzman, J Yuan, CW Liao, CY Stone, PR Boswell-Koller, CN Sawyer, CA Bustillo, KC Sherburne, MP Conry, T Lieten, RR Dubon, OD Minor, AM Watanabe, M Beeman, JW Yu, KM Ager, JW Haller, EE AF Chrzan, D. C. Shin, S. J. Guzman, J. Yuan, C. -W. Liao, C. Y. Stone, P. R. Boswell-Koller, C. N. Sawyer, C. A. Bustillo, K. C. Sherburne, M. P. Conry, T. Lieten, R. R. Dubon, O. D. Minor, A. M. Watanabe, M. Beeman, J. W. Yu, K. M. Ager, J. W., III Haller, E. E. TI Embedded Binary Eutectic Alloy Nanostructures SO JOM LA English DT Article ID SYSTEM AB The properties of binary eutectic alloy nanostructures embedded within a matrix are discussed. It is demonstrated that GeAu and GeSn nanostructures embedded in SiO2 form in a bilobed structure as predicted by a simple theory. Upon heating, the nanostructures melt and assume a nominally compositionally homogeneous structure. Slow cooling of the liquid returns the nanostructure to its equilibrium bilobed morphology. Rapid quenching yields a kinetically limited, nearly compositionally homogeneous solid. Rapid thermal annealing can convert this metastable structure again into the bilobed structure. It is, therefore, possible to switch between the bilobed structure and the homogenous structure. The kinetics of the homogeneous composition to bilobe structure transformation depend on composition. Tuning the composition enables one to tune the transformation temperature. Possible technological applications of these nanostructures are discussed. C1 [Chrzan, D. C.; Guzman, J.; Yuan, C. -W.; Liao, C. Y.; Stone, P. R.; Boswell-Koller, C. N.; Sawyer, C. A.; Bustillo, K. C.; Sherburne, M. P.; Conry, T.; Dubon, O. D.; Minor, A. M.; Haller, E. E.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Chrzan, D. C.; Guzman, J.; Yuan, C. -W.; Liao, C. Y.; Stone, P. R.; Boswell-Koller, C. N.; Sawyer, C. A.; Bustillo, K. C.; Conry, T.; Dubon, O. D.; Beeman, J. W.; Yu, K. M.; Ager, J. W., III; Haller, E. E.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Shin, S. J.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. [Lieten, R. R.] Katholieke Univ Leuven, Dept Phys & Astron, B-3001 Louvain, Belgium. [Minor, A. M.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Natl Ctr Electron Microscopy, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Watanabe, M.] Lehigh Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Bethlehem, PA 18015 USA. RP Chrzan, DC (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM dcchrzan@berkeley.edu OI Ager, Joel/0000-0001-9334-9751; Yu, Kin Man/0000-0003-1350-9642 FU Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering, of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX This work was supported by the Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering, of the U.S. Department of Energy under contract no. DE-AC02-05CH11231. NR 13 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 28 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1047-4838 J9 JOM-US JI JOM PD OCT PY 2012 VL 64 IS 10 BP 1158 EP 1164 DI 10.1007/s11837-012-0439-5 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Mineralogy; Mining & Mineral Processing SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Mineralogy; Mining & Mineral Processing GA 021BG UT WOS:000309859700007 ER PT J AU Wang, J Shen, Y AF Wang, Jian Shen, Yao TI Structure-Property-Functionality Relationships in Bimetal Composites SO JOM LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Wang, Jian] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA. [Shen, Yao] Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Shanghai 200240, Peoples R China. RP Wang, J (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA. EM wangj6@lanl.gov RI Wang, Jian/F-2669-2012 OI Wang, Jian/0000-0001-5130-300X NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 11 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1047-4838 J9 JOM-US JI JOM PD OCT PY 2012 VL 64 IS 10 BP 1190 EP 1191 DI 10.1007/s11837-012-0428-8 PG 2 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Mineralogy; Mining & Mineral Processing SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Mineralogy; Mining & Mineral Processing GA 021BG UT WOS:000309859700012 ER PT J AU Beyerlein, IJ Mara, NA Wang, J Carpenter, JS Zheng, SJ Han, WZ Zhang, RF Kang, K Nizolek, T Pollock, TM AF Beyerlein, I. J. Mara, N. A. Wang, J. Carpenter, J. S. Zheng, S. J. Han, W. Z. Zhang, R. F. Kang, K. Nizolek, T. Pollock, T. M. TI Structure-Property-Functionality of Bimetal Interfaces SO JOM LA English DT Article ID METALLIC MULTILAYERS; NANOLAMELLAR COMPOSITES; DEFORMATION MECHANISMS; CU/NB MULTILAYERS; TEXTURE EVOLUTION; HIGH-STRENGTH; SLIP TRANSFER; SITU; COPPER; SHEAR AB Interfaces, such as grain boundaries, phase boundaries, and surfaces, are important in materials of any microstructural size scale, whether the microstructure is coarse-grained, ultrafine-grained, or nano-grained. In nanostructured materials, however, they dominate material response and as we have seen many times over, can lead to extraordinary and unusual properties that far exceed those of their coarse-grained counterparts. In this article, we focus on bimetal interfaces. To best elucidate interface structure-property-functionality relationships, we focus our studies on simple layered composites composed of an alternating stack of two metals with bimetal interfaces spaced less than 100 nm. We fabricate these nanocomposites by either a bottom-up method (physical vapor deposition) or a top-down method (accumulative roll bonding) to produce two distinct interface types. Atomic-scale differences in interface structure are shown to result in profound effects on bulk-scale properties. C1 [Beyerlein, I. J.; Mara, N. A.; Wang, J.; Carpenter, J. S.; Zheng, S. J.; Han, W. Z.; Zhang, R. F.; Kang, K.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Nizolek, T.; Pollock, T. M.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. RP Beyerlein, IJ (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM irene@lanl.gov RI Han, Weizhong/C-9963-2011; zheng, shijian/F-2453-2012; Beyerlein, Irene/A-4676-2011; Mara, Nathan/J-4509-2014; Wang, Jian/F-2669-2012; OI Mara, Nathan/0000-0002-9135-4693; Wang, Jian/0000-0001-5130-300X; Kang, Keonwook/0000-0002-8428-8288; Carpenter, John/0000-0001-8821-043X FU Center for Materials at Irradiation and Mechanical Extremes, an Energy Frontier Research Center; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [2008LANL1026]; Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) Directed Research and Development (LDRD) project [DR20110029]; Department of Defense (DoD) through the National Defense Science & Engineering Graduate Fellowship (NDSEG) Program; Los Alamos National Security, LLC [E-AC52-06NA25396] FX Modeling work by I.J.B., R.F.Z. and K. K. was supported by the Center for Materials at Irradiation and Mechanical Extremes, an Energy Frontier Research Center funded by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences under Award Number 2008LANL1026. Modeling and experimental work by N.A.M., J.S.C., S.J.Z., W.Z.H., and J.W. was supported by a Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) Directed Research and Development (LDRD) project DR20110029. T.N. was supported by the Department of Defense (DoD) through the National Defense Science & Engineering Graduate Fellowship (NDSEG) Program. Nanomechanical testing for this work was performed at the Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, a U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences user facility. Los Alamos National Laboratory, an affirmative action equal opportunity employer, is operated by Los Alamos National Security, LLC, for the National Nuclear Security Administration of the U.S. Department of Energy under contract DE-AC52-06NA25396. NR 47 TC 54 Z9 54 U1 5 U2 70 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1047-4838 EI 1543-1851 J9 JOM-US JI JOM PD OCT PY 2012 VL 64 IS 10 BP 1192 EP 1207 DI 10.1007/s11837-012-0431-0 PG 16 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Mineralogy; Mining & Mineral Processing SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Mineralogy; Mining & Mineral Processing GA 021BG UT WOS:000309859700013 ER PT J AU Wang, J Kang, K Zhang, RF Zheng, SJ Beyerlein, IJ Mara, NA AF Wang, J. Kang, K. Zhang, R. F. Zheng, S. J. Beyerlein, I. J. Mara, N. A. TI Structure and Property of Interfaces in ARB Cu/Nb Laminated Composites SO JOM LA English DT Article ID METALLIC MULTILAYERS; NANOLAMELLAR COMPOSITES; PLASTIC-DEFORMATION; SHEAR-STRENGTH; MECHANISMS; BEHAVIOR; COPPER AB Bulk Cu/Nb multilayered composites with high interfacial content have been synthesized via the accumulative roll bonding (ARB) method. Experimental characterization shows that these multilayers with submicronmeter and nanometer individual layer thicknesses contain a predominant, steady-state interface with the Kurdjumov-Sachs orientation relationship joining the mutual {112} planes of Cu and Nb. In this article, we overview microscopy and simulation results on the structure of this interface at an atomic level and its influence on interface properties, such as interface shear resistance and its ability to absorb point defects and nucleate dislocations nucleation. C1 [Wang, J.; Kang, K.; Zhang, R. F.; Zheng, S. J.; Beyerlein, I. J.; Mara, N. A.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Wang, J (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM wangj6@lanl.gov RI zheng, shijian/F-2453-2012; Beyerlein, Irene/A-4676-2011; Mara, Nathan/J-4509-2014; Wang, Jian/F-2669-2012; OI Wang, Jian/0000-0001-5130-300X; Kang, Keonwook/0000-0002-8428-8288; Mara, Nathan/0000-0002-9135-4693 FU Center for Materials at Irradiation and Mechanical Extremes, an Energy Frontier Research Center; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [2008LANL1026]; Los Alamos National Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) [DR20110029, ER20110573] FX This work was supported by the Center for Materials at Irradiation and Mechanical Extremes, an Energy Frontier Research Center funded by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences under award number 2008LANL1026. For the defect characterization method development, J.W. acknowledges support provided by the Los Alamos National Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) projects DR20110029 and ER20110573. NR 45 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 1 U2 38 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1047-4838 J9 JOM-US JI JOM PD OCT PY 2012 VL 64 IS 10 BP 1208 EP 1217 DI 10.1007/s11837-012-0429-7 PG 10 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Mineralogy; Mining & Mineral Processing SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Mineralogy; Mining & Mineral Processing GA 021BG UT WOS:000309859700014 ER PT J AU Mara, NA Beyerlein, IJ Carpenter, JS Wang, J AF Mara, N. A. Beyerlein, I. J. Carpenter, J. S. Wang, J. TI Interfacially Driven Deformation Twinning in Bulk Ag-Cu Composites SO JOM LA English DT Article ID LOW STRAIN-RATE; NANOLAMELLAR COMPOSITES; NEUTRON-DIFFRACTION; TEXTURE EVOLUTION; ROOM-TEMPERATURE; GRAIN-SIZE; COPPER; METALS; ALLOYS; NANOCOMPOSITE AB Interfaces and interface/defect interactions increasingly dominate the mechanical response of materials as the dimensions of the grains decrease to the nanoscale. Recently, we reported unusually profuse deformation twinning in Ag-Cu layered eutectic composites with bilayer thicknesses in the submicron regime (similar to 200 nm-400 nm) at room temperature and low strain rates. Using atomistic simulations and dislocation theory, we propose that the Ag-Cu interface facilitated deformation twinning in Cu by permitting the transmission of twinning partials from Ag to Cu. In this way, twins in Ag can provide an ample supply of twinning partials to Cu to support and sustain twin growth in Cu during deformation. Interface-driven twinning as revealed by this study suggests the exciting possibility of altering the roles of dislocation slip and twinning through the design of heterophase interface structure and properties. C1 [Mara, N. A.; Beyerlein, I. J.; Carpenter, J. S.; Wang, J.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Mara, NA (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM namara@lanl.gov; wangj6@lanl.gov RI Lujan Center, LANL/G-4896-2012; Beyerlein, Irene/A-4676-2011; Mara, Nathan/J-4509-2014; Wang, Jian/F-2669-2012; OI Wang, Jian/0000-0001-5130-300X; Carpenter, John/0000-0001-8821-043X; Mara, Nathan/0000-0002-9135-4693 FU Center for Materials at Irradiation and Mechanical Extremes, an Energy Frontier Research Center; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [2008LANL1026]; DOE-BES under FWP [2012LANLE389] FX This work was supported as part of the Center for Materials at Irradiation and Mechanical Extremes, an Energy Frontier Research Center funded by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences under Award Number 2008LANL1026. A portion of this research was performed on the SMARTS instrument at the Lujan Center at Los Alamos National Laboratory supported by DOE-BES under FWP #2012LANLE389. The authors gratefully acknowledge useful discussion and collaboration with Dr. Dhriti Bhattacharyya. NR 40 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 3 U2 32 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1047-4838 EI 1543-1851 J9 JOM-US JI JOM PD OCT PY 2012 VL 64 IS 10 BP 1218 EP 1226 DI 10.1007/s11837-012-0430-1 PG 14 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Mineralogy; Mining & Mineral Processing SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Mineralogy; Mining & Mineral Processing GA 021BG UT WOS:000309859700015 ER PT J AU Wang, J Li, N AF Wang, Jian Li, Nan TI Mechanical Behavior and Fabrication of One-dimensional Nanomaterials SO JOM LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Wang, Jian; Li, Nan] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA. RP Wang, J (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA. EM wangj6@lanl.gov RI Wang, Jian/F-2669-2012; Li, Nan /F-8459-2010 OI Wang, Jian/0000-0001-5130-300X; Li, Nan /0000-0002-8248-9027 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 7 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1047-4838 J9 JOM-US JI JOM PD OCT PY 2012 VL 64 IS 10 BP 1227 EP 1228 DI 10.1007/s11837-012-0434-x PG 2 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Mineralogy; Mining & Mineral Processing SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Mineralogy; Mining & Mineral Processing GA 021BG UT WOS:000309859700016 ER PT J AU Yu, Q Mishra, RK Minor, AM AF Yu, Qian Mishra, Raja K. Minor, Andrew M. TI The Effect of Size on the Deformation Twinning Behavior in Hexagonal Close-Packed Ti and Mg SO JOM LA English DT Article ID SINGLE-CRYSTAL; GRAIN-SIZE; PLASTICITY; ALLOYS; SURFACE; METALS; MICROCOMPRESSION; DIMENSIONS; BOUNDARIES; MECHANISMS AB In hexagonal close-packed (HCP) structural materials, the limited activation of different slip mechanisms results in alternative deformation mechanisms, such as twinning, which become relevant to plasticity. As external/internal dimension refinement affects operative mechanisms and is commonly used to tune the mechanical properties of materials, understanding the effect of size on deformation twinning in HCP materials is a critical issue for improving their strength and ductility. Recent in situ and ex situ small-scale testing experiments have generated insights into size effects on twinning by deforming single-crystal systems with different sizes. In this article, we review some of the recent results in this field, including studies of the size-related deformation twinning behavior in Ti, Mg, and their alloys. The effect of size on deformation twinning in these systems is remarkable, resulting in a significant change in the mechanical properties of the materials. Deformation twinning can be restricted by the size effect in certain size regimes and materials but also can be promoted by the presence of surfaces at extremely small scales. The correlation of these two effects in two different HCP materials is discussed. C1 [Yu, Qian; Minor, Andrew M.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Yu, Qian; Minor, Andrew M.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Natl Ctr Electron Microscopy, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Mishra, Raja K.] Gen Motors Res & Dev Ctr, Warren, MI USA. RP Yu, Q (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM aminor@berkeley.edu RI Yu, Qian/C-5949-2013 FU General Motors Research and Development Center; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX This research was supported by the General Motors Research and Development Center and performed at the National Center for Electron Microscopy and the Advanced Light Source at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, which is supported by the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract # DE-AC02-05CH11231. NR 33 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 6 U2 94 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1047-4838 J9 JOM-US JI JOM PD OCT PY 2012 VL 64 IS 10 BP 1235 EP 1240 DI 10.1007/s11837-012-0437-7 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Mineralogy; Mining & Mineral Processing SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Mineralogy; Mining & Mineral Processing GA 021BG UT WOS:000309859700018 ER PT J AU Chu, HJ Zhou, CZ Wang, J Beyerlein, IJ AF Chu, Haijian Zhou, Caizhi Wang, Jian Beyerlein, Irene J. TI Misfit Strain Relaxation Mechanisms in Core/Shell Nanowires SO JOM LA English DT Article ID DISLOCATION LOOPS; QUANTUM DOTS; GROWTH; HETEROSTRUCTURES; ARRAYS; FILMS AB In the past decade, core/shell nanowires (NWs) have attracted much attention due to the broad variety of potential applications of these structures in future nanoelectronic and nanophotonic devices. Because of the lattice mismatch between the core and shell materials, crystal dislocations often form to relax the mismatch strains. In this article, we propose a relaxation mechanism for the misfit strains generated in the core/shell NWs, in which lattice dislocations nucleate from the outer surfaces and then propagate to the core/shell interface. An analytical model is developed to predict the critical shell thickness corresponding to defect-free core/shell NWs with respect to the growth direction. C1 [Chu, Haijian; Zhou, Caizhi; Wang, Jian; Beyerlein, Irene J.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Chu, Haijian] Yanzhou Univ, Res Grp Mech, Yangzhou 225009, Peoples R China. RP Chu, HJ (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM wangj6@lanl.gov RI Beyerlein, Irene/A-4676-2011; Wang, Jian/F-2669-2012 OI Wang, Jian/0000-0001-5130-300X FU Los Alamos National Laboratory Directed Research and Development [DR20110029, ER20110573]; National Natural Science Foundation [10602050]; Jiangsu Government Scholarship FX The authors acknowledge the support provided by Los Alamos National Laboratory Directed Research and Development projects DR20110029 and ER20110573. Chu also acknowledges the National Natural Science Foundation for the research support (10602050) and Jiangsu Government Scholarship for overseas studies. NR 28 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 18 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1047-4838 J9 JOM-US JI JOM PD OCT PY 2012 VL 64 IS 10 BP 1258 EP 1262 DI 10.1007/s11837-012-0435-9 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Mineralogy; Mining & Mineral Processing SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Mineralogy; Mining & Mineral Processing GA 021BG UT WOS:000309859700021 ER PT J AU Anand, S Sutanto, J Baker, MS Okandan, M Muthuswamy, J AF Anand, Sindhu Sutanto, Jemmy Baker, Michael S. Okandan, Murat Muthuswamy, Jit TI Electrothermal Microactuators With Peg Drive Improve Performance for Brain Implant Applications SO JOURNAL OF MICROELECTROMECHANICAL SYSTEMS LA English DT Article DE Biomedical devices; BioMEMS; brain-machine interface; electrothermal microactuators; in vivo microelectrodes; neural prosthesis; robots ID MOTORIZED MICRODRIVE; SMALL ANIMALS; ARRAY; RELIABILITY; ACTUATORS; MICROELECTRODES; RECORDINGS; ELECTRODES; PRIMATES; MONKEYS AB This paper presents a new actuation scheme for in-plane bidirectional translation of polysilicon micro-electrodes. The new Chevron-peg actuation scheme uses micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS) based electrothermal microactuators to move microelectrodes for brain implant applications. The design changes were motivated by specific needs identified by the in vivo testing of an earlier generation of MEMS microelectrodes that were actuated by the Chevron-latch type of mechanism. The microelectrodes actuated by the Chevron-peg mechanism discussed here show improved performance in the following key areas: higher force generation capability (111 mu N per heat strip compared to 50 mu N), reduced power consumption (91 mW compared to 360 mW), and reliable performance with consistent forward and backward movements of microelectrodes. Failure analysis of the Chevron-latch and the Chevron-peg type of actuation schemes showed that the latter is more robust to wear over four million cycles of operation. The parameters for the activation waveforms for Chevron-peg actuators were optimized using statistical analysis. Waveforms with a 1-ms time period and a 1-Hz frequency of operation showed minimal error between the expected and the actual movement of the microelectrodes. The new generation of Chevron-peg actuators and microelectrodes are therefore expected to enhance the longevity and performance of implanted microelectrodes in the brain. C1 [Anand, Sindhu; Sutanto, Jemmy; Muthuswamy, Jit] Arizona State Univ, Sch Biol & Hlth Syst Engn, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. [Baker, Michael S.; Okandan, Murat] Sandia Natl Labs, Dept Intelligent Micromachine, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Anand, S (reprint author), Arizona State Univ, Sch Biol & Hlth Syst Engn, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. EM jit@asu.edu FU National Institutes of Health [R01NS055312, R01NS055312-S1]; U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000] FX This work was supported by the National Institutes of Health under Grants R01NS055312 and R01NS055312-S1. Sandia National Laboratories is a multiprogram laboratory managed and operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corporation, for the U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. Subject Editor D.-I. Cho. NR 48 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 15 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 1057-7157 J9 J MICROELECTROMECH S JI J. Microelectromech. Syst. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 21 IS 5 BP 1172 EP 1186 DI 10.1109/JMEMS.2012.2203789 PG 15 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 019IH UT WOS:000309731400021 PM 24431926 ER PT J AU Alves, D Arkani-Hamed, N Arora, S Bai, Y Baumgart, M Berger, J Buckley, M Butler, B Chang, S Cheng, HC Cheung, C Chivukula, RS Cho, WS Cotta, R D'Alfonso, M El Hedri, S Essig, R Evans, JA Fitzpatrick, L Fox, P Franceschini, R Freitas, A Gainer, JS Gershtein, Y Gray, R Gregoire, T Gripaios, B Gunion, J Han, T Haas, A Hansson, P Hewett, J Hits, D Hubisz, J Izaguirre, E Kaplan, J Katz, E Kilic, C Kim, HD Kitano, R Koay, SA Ko, P Krohn, D Kuflik, E Lewis, I Lisanti, M Liu, T Liu, Z Lu, R Luty, M Meade, P Morrissey, D Mrenna, S Nojiri, M Okui, T Padhi, S Papucci, M Park, M Park, M Perelstein, M Peskin, M Phalen, D Rehermann, K Rentala, V Roy, T Ruderman, JT Sanz, V Schmaltz, M Schnetzer, S Schuster, P Schwaller, P Schwartz, MD Schwartzman, A Shao, J Shelton, J Shih, D Shu, J Silverstein, D Simmons, E Somalwar, S Spannowsky, M Spethmann, C Strassler, M Su, SF Tait, T Thomas, B Thomas, S Toro, N Volansky, T Wacker, J Waltenberger, W Yavin, I Yu, F Zhao, Y Zurek, K AF Alves, Daniele Arkani-Hamed, Nima Arora, Sanjay Bai, Yang Baumgart, Matthew Berger, Joshua Buckley, Matthew Butler, Bart Chang, Spencer Cheng, Hsin-Chia Cheung, Clifford Chivukula, R. Sekhar Cho, Won Sang Cotta, Randy D'Alfonso, Mariarosaria El Hedri, Sonia Essig, Rouven Evans, Jared A. Fitzpatrick, Liam Fox, Patrick Franceschini, Roberto Freitas, Ayres Gainer, James S. Gershtein, Yuri Gray, Richard Gregoire, Thomas Gripaios, Ben Gunion, Jack Han, Tao Haas, Andy Hansson, Per Hewett, JoAnne Hits, Dmitry Hubisz, Jay Izaguirre, Eder Kaplan, Jared Katz, Emanuel Kilic, Can Kim, Hyung-Do Kitano, Ryuichiro Koay, Sue Ann Ko, Pyungwon Krohn, David Kuflik, Eric Lewis, Ian Lisanti, Mariangela Liu, Tao Liu, Zhen Lu, Ran Luty, Markus Meade, Patrick Morrissey, David Mrenna, Stephen Nojiri, Mihoko Okui, Takemichi Padhi, Sanjay Papucci, Michele Park, Michael Park, Myeonghun Perelstein, Maxim Peskin, Michael Phalen, Daniel Rehermann, Keith Rentala, Vikram Roy, Tuhin Ruderman, Joshua T. Sanz, Veronica Schmaltz, Martin Schnetzer, Stephen Schuster, Philip Schwaller, Pedro Schwartz, Matthew D. Schwartzman, Ariel Shao, Jing Shelton, Jessie Shih, David Shu, Jing Silverstein, Daniel Simmons, Elizabeth Somalwar, Sunil Spannowsky, Michael Spethmann, Christian Strassler, Matthew Su, Shufang Tait, Tim Thomas, Brooks Thomas, Scott Toro, Natalia Volansky, Tomer Wacker, Jay Waltenberger, Wolfgang Yavin, Itay Yu, Felix Zhao, Yue Zurek, Kathryn CA LHC New Phys Working Grp TI Simplified models for LHC new physics searches SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS G-NUCLEAR AND PARTICLE PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID CHARGINO-NEUTRALINO PRODUCTION; ELECTROWEAK SYMMETRY-BREAKING; FERMILAB TEVATRON COLLIDER; LOW-ENERGY SUPERSYMMETRY; GENERAL GAUGE MEDIATION; LARGE HADRON COLLIDER; TOP-QUARK; STANDARD MODEL; LEPTOQUARK PRODUCTION; EXTENDED TECHNICOLOR AB This document proposes a collection of simplified models relevant to the design of new-physics searches at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) and the characterization of their results. Both ATLAS and CMS have already presented some results in terms of simplified models, and we encourage them to continue and expand this effort, which supplements both signature-based results and benchmark model interpretations. A simplified model is defined by an effective Lagrangian describing the interactions of a small number of new particles. Simplified models can equally well be described by a small number of masses and cross-sections. These parameters are directly related to collider physics observables, making simplified models a particularly effective framework for evaluating searches and a useful starting point for characterizing positive signals of new physics. This document serves as an official summary of the results from the 'Topologies for Early LHC Searches' workshop, held at SLAC in September of 2010, the purpose of which was to develop a set of representative models that can be used to cover all relevant phase space in experimental searches. Particular emphasis is placed on searches relevant for the first similar to 50-500 pb(-1) of data and those motivated by supersymmetric models. This note largely summarizes material posted at http://lhcnewphysics.org/, which includes simplified model definitions, Monte Carlo material, and supporting contacts within the theory community. We also comment on future developments that may be useful as more data is gathered and analyzed by the experiments. C1 [Alves, Daniele; Bai, Yang; Butler, Bart; Cotta, Randy; El Hedri, Sonia; Haas, Andy; Hansson, Per; Hewett, JoAnne; Izaguirre, Eder; Kaplan, Jared; Peskin, Michael; Schwartzman, Ariel; Silverstein, Daniel; Wacker, Jay] SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. [Schuster, Philip; Toro, Natalia] Inst Adv Study, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA. [Arora, Sanjay; Gershtein, Yuri; Gray, Richard; Hits, Dmitry; Kilic, Can; Park, Michael; Schnetzer, Stephen; Shih, David; Somalwar, Sunil; Strassler, Matthew; Thomas, Scott; Zhao, Yue] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. [Baumgart, Matthew] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Berger, Joshua; Perelstein, Maxim] Cornell Univ, LEPP, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Buckley, Matthew; Fox, Patrick; Mrenna, Stephen] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Theory Grp, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. [Chang, Spencer; Spannowsky, Michael] Univ Oregon, Dept Phys, Eugene, OR 97403 USA. [Chang, Spencer; Cheng, Hsin-Chia; Evans, Jared A.; Gunion, Jack; Luty, Markus; Phalen, Daniel] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Phys, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Cheung, Clifford; Volansky, Tomer] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Chivukula, R. Sekhar; Simmons, Elizabeth] Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Cho, Won Sang; Shu, Jing] Univ Tokyo, IPMU, Chiba 2778583, Japan. [D'Alfonso, Mariarosaria; Koay, Sue Ann; Liu, Tao] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Phys, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. [Essig, Rouven] SUNY Stony Brook, CN Yang Inst Theoret Phys, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. [Fitzpatrick, Liam; Katz, Emanuel; Schmaltz, Martin; Spethmann, Christian] Boston Univ, Dept Phys, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Franceschini, Roberto] Ecole Polytech Fed Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland. [Freitas, Ayres] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Phys & Astron, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. [Gainer, James S.; Schwaller, Pedro] Argonne Natl Lab, Div High Energy Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Gainer, James S.] Northwestern Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. [Gregoire, Thomas] Carleton Univ, Dept Phys, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada. [Gripaios, Ben] CERN PH TH, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland. [Han, Tao; Lewis, Ian; Liu, Zhen] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Hubisz, Jay] Syracuse Univ, Dept Phys, Syracuse, NY 13244 USA. [Kim, Hyung-Do] Seoul Natl Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Seoul, South Korea. [Kitano, Ryuichiro] Tohoku Univ, Dept Phys, Sendai, Miyagi 9808578, Japan. [Ko, Pyungwon] Korea Inst Adv Study, Seoul 130722, South Korea. [Krohn, David; Schwartz, Matthew D.] Harvard Univ, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Kuflik, Eric; Lu, Ran; Zurek, Kathryn] Univ Michigan, Dept Phys, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Lisanti, Mariangela] Princeton Ctr Theoret Sci, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA. [Meade, Patrick] SUNY Stony Brook, YITP, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. [Morrissey, David] TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada. [Nojiri, Mihoko] Natl Lab High Energy Phys, KEK, Theory Grp, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050801, Japan. [Okui, Takemichi] Florida State Univ, Dept Phys, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. [Padhi, Sanjay] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Phys, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Papucci, Michele] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Theory Grp, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Park, Myeonghun] Univ Florida, Dept Phys, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Rehermann, Keith] MIT, CTP, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Rentala, Vikram; Su, Shufang] Univ Arizona, Dept Phys, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Rentala, Vikram; Su, Shufang; Tait, Tim; Yu, Felix] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. [Roy, Tuhin] Univ Washington, Dept Phys, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Ruderman, Joshua T.] Princeton Univ, Dept Phys, Princeton, NJ 08542 USA. [Sanz, Veronica] York Univ, N York, ON M3J 1P3, Canada. [Schuster, Philip; Toro, Natalia] Perimeter Inst Theoret Phys, Toronto, ON N2L 2Y5, Canada. [Schwaller, Pedro] Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. [Schwaller, Pedro] Univ Zurich, Inst Theoret Phys, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland. [Shao, Jing] Syracuse Univ, Dept Phys, Syracuse, NY 13244 USA. [Shelton, Jessie] Yale Univ, Sloane Phys Lab, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [Thomas, Brooks] Univ Hawaii, Dept Phys & Astron, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Waltenberger, Wolfgang] Austrian Acad Sci, Inst Hochenergiephys, A-1050 Vienna, Austria. [Yavin, Itay] NYU, CCPP, New York, NY 10003 USA. RP Alves, D (reprint author), SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. EM rouven.essig@stonybrook.edu; mlisanti@princeton.edu; pschuster@perimeterinstitute.ca; ttait@uci.edu; ntoro@perimeterinstitute.ca; jgwacker@stanford.edu RI Chivukula, R. Sekhar/C-3367-2012; Spethmann, Christian/G-5123-2016; OI Shu, Jing/0000-0001-6569-403X; Sanz, Veronica/0000-0001-8864-2507; Liu, Zhen/0000-0002-3143-1976; Chivukula, R. Sekhar/0000-0002-4142-1077; Spethmann, Christian/0000-0002-7463-3420; Mrenna, Stephen/0000-0001-8731-160X; Peskin, Michael/0000-0001-6403-6828; Buckley, Matthew/0000-0003-1109-3460; SCHWARTZ, MATTHEW/0000-0001-6344-693X; Gainer, James/0000-0002-8872-0664; Gershtein, Yuri/0000-0002-4871-5449; Han, Tao/0000-0002-5543-0716; Kuflik, Eric/0000-0003-0455-0467; Haas, Andrew/0000-0002-4832-0455 FU SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory's High Energy Theory Group; Department of Particle Physics and Astrophysics; J Wacker's Outstanding Junior Investigator Award; Sloan Fellowship Award; US DOE [DE-AC02-76SF00515]; NSF [PHY-0970171, PHY-0705682]; LHC-TI and Simons Fellowships; DOE [DE-FG02-91ER40674, DOE-FG02-90ER40546, DE-FG02-96ER50959, DE-AC02-06CH11357, DE-FG02-84ER40173, DE-SC003916]; National Science Foundation [PHY-0854889, PHY-0653656, PHY-0970173]; US National Science Foundation [PHY-0757868, PHY-0844667]; LHC Theory Initiative Graduate Fellowship FX We acknowledge the participants of the SLAC and CERN workshops for lively and productive discussions. We thank Joe Incandela, Cigdem Issever, Paul de Jong, Michelangelo Mangano, and Fedor Ratnikov for organizing the CERN workshops on 'Characterization of New Physics at the LHC' I and II as well as feedback, support, and valuable discussions during the completion of this work. We also thank Claudio Campagnari, Kyle Cramner, Albert De Roeck, Amir Farbin, Steven Giddings, Louise Heelan, Boaz Klima, Zach Marshall, Jeff Richman, Roberto Rossin, David Stuart, and Chris Tully for support and valuable discussions. The Workshop on 'Topologies for Early LHC Searches' was supported by SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory's High Energy Theory Group, Department of Particle Physics and Astrophysics, and J Wacker's Outstanding Junior Investigator Award and Sloan Fellowship Award. Rouven Essig is supported by the US DOE under contract number DE-AC02-76SF00515. Tim M P Tait is supported by the NSF under grant PHY-0970171. Mariangela Lisanti acknowledges support from the LHC-TI and Simons Fellowships. Spencer Chang, Jared A Evans, and Markus Luty are supported under DOE grant no. DE-FG02-91ER40674. The work of R Sekhar Chivukula and Elizabeth H Simmons is supported in part by the National Science Foundation under award PHY-0854889. Sanjay Padhi acknowledges support from the DOE under the grant DOE-FG02-90ER40546. Maxim Perelstein is supported by the US National Science Foundation through grant PHY-0757868 and CAREER award PHY-0844667. The work of Can Kilic is supported by DOE grant DE-FG02-96ER50959. Pedro Schaller acknowledges support from the DOE (HEP Division) grants DE-AC02-06CH11357 and DE-FG02-84ER40173. Matthew D Schwartz acknowledges support from DOE grant DE-SC003916. Vikram Rentala, Shufang Su, and Felix Yu were supported in part by the National Science Foundation under the grant nos PHY-0653656 and PHY-0970173. Felix Yu was also supported by a 2010 LHC Theory Initiative Graduate Fellowship, NSF grant no. PHY-0705682. NR 214 TC 148 Z9 148 U1 1 U2 32 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0954-3899 EI 1361-6471 J9 J PHYS G NUCL PARTIC JI J. Phys. G-Nucl. Part. Phys. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 39 IS 10 AR 105005 DI 10.1088/0954-3899/39/10/105005 PG 30 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 016VO UT WOS:000309548000005 ER PT J AU Liao, S Elmer, T Bakhtiari, S Gopalsami, N Cox, N Wiencek, J Raptis, AC AF Liao, S. Elmer, T. Bakhtiari, S. Gopalsami, N. Cox, N. Wiencek, J. Raptis, A. C. TI KA-BAND Standoff Through-wall Sensing at Ka-band SO MATERIALS EVALUATION LA English DT Article C1 [Liao, S.; Elmer, T.; Bakhtiari, S.; Gopalsami, N.; Cox, N.; Wiencek, J.; Raptis, A. C.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Liao, S (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM sliao@anl.gov NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC NONDESTRUCTIVE TEST PI COLUMBUS PA 1711 ARLINGATE LANE PO BOX 28518, COLUMBUS, OH 43228-0518 USA SN 0025-5327 J9 MATER EVAL JI Mater. Eval. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 70 IS 10 BP 1136 EP 1145 PG 10 WC Materials Science, Characterization & Testing SC Materials Science GA 019JV UT WOS:000309736700002 ER PT J AU Margolin, LG Vaughan, DE AF Margolin, L. G. Vaughan, D. E. TI Traveling wave solutions for finite scale equations SO MECHANICS RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article DE Finite scale equations; Compressible fluid dynamics; Similarity solutions ID FLOW AB Finite scale equations are coarse-grained PDEs that describe the evolution of density, momentum and energy fields averaged over finite intervals of space and time. These analytic equations have been found to be a useful model for analyzing and verifying discrete algorithms employed in numerical simulation. In this paper, we derive traveling wave solutions for finite scale shocks and compare the results with averaged solutions of Navier-Stokes. We find that the finite scale equations accurately predict the shock speed and width and the jump conditions relating the pre and post shock states. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Margolin, L. G.; Vaughan, D. E.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Margolin, LG (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, MS F664, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM len@lanl.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy's NNSA by the Los Alamos National Laboratory [DE-AC52-06NA25396] FX We gratefully acknowledge discussions with Randy Bos, Pedro Jordan, Eric Nelson and Misha Shashkov. This work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy's NNSA by the Los Alamos National Laboratory operated by Los Alamos National Security, LLC under contract number DE-AC52-06NA25396. NR 10 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 7 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0093-6413 J9 MECH RES COMMUN JI Mech. Res. Commun. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 45 BP 64 EP 69 DI 10.1016/j.mechrescom.2012.07.003 PG 6 WC Mechanics SC Mechanics GA 020IU UT WOS:000309803000011 ER PT J AU Deng, J AF Deng, Jie TI Second order accuracy in phase field modeling of normal grain growth SO METALS AND MATERIALS INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article DE grain growth; grain boundary; interfaces; microstructure; phase transformation ID COMPUTER-SIMULATION; BOUNDARY MOBILITY; SURFACE-ENERGY; THIN-FILMS; KINETICS; ANISOTROPY; EVOLUTION; DYNAMICS; SYSTEMS AB The first and second order accuracy of phase field modeling of normal grain growth is investigated using asymptotic analysis. It is found that the model can achieve first order accuracy but fails to gain second order accuracy. The deviation in second order accuracy is proportional to the inverse of interface thickness so that phase field simulation approaches the sharp interface prediction as interface thickness increases. This result is confirmed by comparison of phase field simulation and analytical solutions, and it well explains the effect of interface thickness on phase field simulation of grain growth observed in previous work. C1 [Deng, Jie] Florida State Univ, Dept Sci Comp, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. RP Deng, J (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM jd04e@my.fsu.edu FU Florida Center for Advanced Aero-Propulsion (FCAAP) FX Author thanks the support from the Florida Center for Advanced Aero-Propulsion (FCAAP). NR 32 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 7 PU KOREAN INST METALS MATERIALS PI SEOUL PA POSCO CENTER, 4TH FL (EAST WING), 892 DAECHI-4-DONG, KANGNAM-KU, SEOUL 135-777, SOUTH KOREA SN 1598-9623 J9 MET MATER INT JI Met. Mater.-Int. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 18 IS 5 BP 745 EP 749 DI 10.1007/s12540-012-5002-y PG 5 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 018RX UT WOS:000309681400002 ER PT J AU Ma, CB Xia, K Chen, HC Zeng, WM Han, R Tang, JH AF Ma, Changbei Xia, Kun Chen, Hanchun Zeng, Weimin Han, Rui Tang, Jianhua TI Label-free highly sensitive detection of telomerase activity in cancer cell by chemiluminescence imaging SO MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR PROBES LA English DT Article DE Telomerase activity; Chemiluminescence imaging; Cancer cell ID REPEAT AMPLIFICATION PROTOCOL; SURFACE-PLASMON RESONANCE; IMMORTAL CELLS; ASSAY; RIBONUCLEOPROTEIN; POLYMERIZATION; ENZYME AB We have developed a new methodology for label-free highly sensitive telomerase activity assay using chemiluminescence imaging. This method can detect the telomerase activity from as little as 10 cultured cancer cells without PCR. Furthermore, telomerase inhibition is shown, demonstrating the potential for screening of telomerase inhibitors as anticancer drug agents. (c) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Ma, Changbei; Xia, Kun; Chen, Hanchun; Zeng, Weimin; Tang, Jianhua] Cent S Univ, Sch Biol Sci & Technol, Changsha 410013, Hunan, Peoples R China. [Ma, Changbei; Han, Rui] Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, US DOE, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Ma, CB (reprint author), Cent S Univ, Sch Biol Sci & Technol, Tongzipo Rd 172, Changsha 410013, Hunan, Peoples R China. EM lhlmcb@yahoo.com.cn FU Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities [2012QNZT035]; Ames Laboratory FX This work was supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (No. 2012QNZT035). C. Ma. thanks the Ames Laboratory for partial support of this work. The authors thank Dr. Edward S. Yeung for valuable discussions. NR 32 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 3 U2 40 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0890-8508 J9 MOL CELL PROBE JI Mol. Cell. Probes PD OCT PY 2012 VL 26 IS 5 BP 212 EP 214 DI 10.1016/j.mcp.2012.06.002 PG 3 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Cell Biology GA 007RB UT WOS:000308904700008 PM 22750567 ER PT J AU Thompson, LH AF Thompson, Larry H. TI Recognition, signaling, and repair of DNA double-strand breaks produced by ionizing radiation in mammalian cells: The molecular choreography SO MUTATION RESEARCH-REVIEWS IN MUTATION RESEARCH LA English DT Review DE Nonhomologous end joining; Homologous recombination; ATM kinase; DNA-PK; BRCA1/2; RAD51 ID DEPENDENT PROTEIN-KINASE; HOMOLOGOUS RECOMBINATION REPAIR; EMBRYONIC STEM-CELLS; END-JOINING PATHWAY; CANCER SUSCEPTIBILITY GENE; S-PHASE CHECKPOINT; CHROMATIN-REMODELING COMPLEX; TELANGIECTASIA-MUTATED ATM; XRCC4-DNA LIGASE-IV; HUMAN SOMATIC-CELLS AB The faithful maintenance of chromosome continuity in human cells during DNA replication and repair is critical for preventing the conversion of normal diploid cells to an oncogenic state. The evolution of higher eukaryotic cells endowed them with a large genetic investment in the molecular machinery that ensures chromosome stability. In mammalian and other vertebrate cells, the elimination of double-strand breaks with minimal nucleotide sequence change involves the spatiotemporal orchestration of a seemingly endless number of proteins ranging in their action from the nucleotide level to nucleosome organization and chromosome architecture. DNA DSBs trigger a myriad of post-translational modifications that alter catalytic activities and the specificity of protein interactions: phosphorylation, acetylation, methylation, ubiquitylation, and SUMOylation, followed by the reversal of these changes as repair is completed. "Superfluous" protein recruitment to damage sites, functional redundancy, and alternative pathways ensure that DSB repair is extremely efficient, both quantitatively and qualitatively. This review strives to integrate the information about the molecular mechanisms of DSB repair that has emerged over the last two decades with a focus on DSBs produced by the prototype agent ionizing radiation (IR). The exponential growth of molecular studies, heavily driven by RNA knockdown technology, now reveals an outline of how many key protein players in genome stability and cancer biology perform their interwoven tasks, e.g. ATM, ATR, DNA-PK, Chk1, Chk2, PARP1/2/3, 53BP1, BRCA1, BRCA2, BLM, RAD51, and the MRE11-RAD50-NBS1 complex. Thus, the nature of the intricate coordination of repair processes with cell cycle progression is becoming apparent. This review also links molecular abnormalities to cellular pathology as much a possible and provides a framework of temporal relationships. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Thompson, Larry H.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Biol & Biotechnol Div, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Thompson, LH (reprint author), 1069 Felicia Court, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM thompson14ster@Gmail.com FU U.S. Department of Energy; U.S. National Cancer Institute of the National Institutes of Health; U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344]; DOE Low Dose Radiation Research Program; National Cancer Institute [R01CA112566] FX This work was funded by the U.S. Department of Energy and by the U.S. National Cancer Institute of the National Institutes of Health.; I thank Michael Kastan for helpful discussion, Susan Lees-Miller for giving me the slides of a talk she presented on DSB repair at the 2008 EMS meeting, and John Hinz for comments on the manuscript. This work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. This work was supported by the DOE Low Dose Radiation Research Program and by Award Number R01CA112566 from the National Cancer Institute. The content is solely the responsibility of the author and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Cancer Institute or the National Institutes of Health. NR 1280 TC 161 Z9 163 U1 12 U2 117 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1383-5742 EI 1388-2139 J9 MUTAT RES-REV MUTAT JI Mutat. Res.-Rev. Mutat. Res. PD OCT-DEC PY 2012 VL 751 IS 2 BP 158 EP 246 DI 10.1016/j.mrrev.2012.06.002 PG 89 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA 017UW UT WOS:000309617500003 PM 22743550 ER PT J AU Amann, J Berg, W Blank, V Decker, FJ Ding, Y Emma, P Feng, Y Frisch, J Fritz, D Hastings, J Huang, Z Krzywinski, J Lindberg, R Loos, H Lutman, A Nuhn, HD Ratner, D Rzepiela, J Shu, D Shvyd'ko, Y Spampinati, S Stoupin, S Terentyev, S Trakhtenberg, E Walz, D Welch, J Wu, J Zholents, A Zhu, D AF Amann, J. Berg, W. Blank, V. Decker, F. -J. Ding, Y. Emma, P. Feng, Y. Frisch, J. Fritz, D. Hastings, J. Huang, Z. Krzywinski, J. Lindberg, R. Loos, H. Lutman, A. Nuhn, H. -D. Ratner, D. Rzepiela, J. Shu, D. Shvyd'ko, Yu Spampinati, S. Stoupin, S. Terentyev, S. Trakhtenberg, E. Walz, D. Welch, J. Wu, J. Zholents, A. Zhu, D. TI Demonstration of self-seeding in a hard-X-ray free-electron laser SO NATURE PHOTONICS LA English DT Article ID BANDWIDTH; FEL AB The Linac Coherent Light Source (LCLS) is an X-ray free-electron laser at the SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, which has been operating since 2009 for a wide range of scientific research. The free-electron laser process at LCLS is based on self-amplified spontaneous emission (SASE) where spontaneous emission from the initial electron beam shot noise is amplified by its interaction with the electrons over a long magnetic undulator. Although SASE is very effective, producing tremendously powerful, ultrashort X-ray beams, the start-up from noise leaves poor temporal coherence and a broad, noisy spectrum. We present experimental results of a new method, suggested by colleagues at DESY, allowing self-seeding using X-rays from the first half of the undulator to seed the second half through a diamond-based monochromator, producing near Fourier-transform-limited X-ray pulses with 0.4-0.5 eV bandwidth at 8-9 keV. These results demonstrate self-seeding at angstrom wavelengths with a relative bandwidth reduction of 40-50 with respect to SASE. C1 [Amann, J.; Decker, F. -J.; Ding, Y.; Feng, Y.; Frisch, J.; Fritz, D.; Hastings, J.; Huang, Z.; Krzywinski, J.; Loos, H.; Lutman, A.; Nuhn, H. -D.; Ratner, D.; Rzepiela, J.; Spampinati, S.; Walz, D.; Welch, J.; Wu, J.; Zhu, D.] SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. [Berg, W.; Lindberg, R.; Shu, D.; Shvyd'ko, Yu; Stoupin, S.; Trakhtenberg, E.; Zholents, A.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Blank, V.; Terentyev, S.] Tech Inst Superhard & Novel Carbon Mat, Troitsk 142190, Russia. [Emma, P.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Amann, J (reprint author), SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA 94309 USA. EM PEmma@LBL.gov RI BM, MRCAT/G-7576-2011; Zhu, Diling/D-1302-2013; OI Loos, Henrik/0000-0001-5085-0562 FU US Department of Energy, Office of Science [DE-AC02-76SF00515]; LCLS mission by the Office of Basic Energy Sciences; US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; Department of Energy; MRCAT member institutions FX The authors would like to thank the SLAC controls, alignment, operations and engineering groups, and also J. Arthur, A. Brachmann, G. Decker, J. Galayda, P. Den Hartog, N. Holtkamp, J. Quintana, C. Pellegrini, E. Prat, T. Raubenheimer, T. Tanaka, J. Stein, B. Stephenson and L. Young for their support and interest in this work. The authors also thank G. Geloni, V. Kocharyan and E. Saldin for sharing their very effective self-seeding idea and also for participating in its commissioning effort. The authors are grateful for the support of the US Department of Energy, Office of Science (contract no. DE-AC02-76SF00515), and the sponsorship of the LCLS mission by the Office of Basic Energy Sciences. Use of the Advanced Photon Source was supported by the US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences (contract no. DE-AC02-06CH11357). MRCAT operations are supported by the Department of Energy and the MRCAT member institutions. NR 23 TC 225 Z9 226 U1 9 U2 81 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 1749-4885 J9 NAT PHOTONICS JI Nat. Photonics PD OCT PY 2012 VL 6 IS 10 BP 693 EP 698 DI 10.1038/NPHOTON.2012.180 PG 6 WC Optics; Physics, Applied SC Optics; Physics GA 016MW UT WOS:000309523900017 ER PT J AU Anderson, J Lee, H De Lurgio, R Kearney, CM Craig, B Soos, IH Tsai, H Liu, Y Shuler, J AF Anderson, J. Lee, H. De Lurgio, R. Kearney, C. M. Craig, B. Soos, I. H. Tsai, H. Liu, Y. Shuler, J. TI A watchful guardian SO NUCLEAR ENGINEERING INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article C1 [Anderson, J.; Lee, H.; De Lurgio, R.; Kearney, C. M.; Craig, B.; Soos, I. H.; Tsai, H.; Liu, Y.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Shuler, J.] US DOE, Washington, DC 20585 USA. RP Anderson, J (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILMINGTON PUBL PI SIDCUP PA WILMINGTON HOUSE, MAIDSTONE RD, FOOTS CRAY, SIDCUP DA14 SHZ, KENT, ENGLAND SN 0029-5507 J9 NUCL ENG INT JI Nucl. Eng. Int. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 57 IS 699 BP 38 EP 40 PG 3 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 022HU UT WOS:000309949600010 ER PT J AU Belloni, F Milazzo, PM Calviani, M Colonna, N Mastinu, P Abbondanno, U Aerts, G Alvarez, H Alvarez-Velarde, F Andriamonje, S Andrzejewski, J Assimakopoulos, P Audouin, L Badurek, G Barbagallo, M Baumann, P Becvar, F Berthoumieux, E Calvino, F Cerutti, F Cano-Ott, D Capote, R Carrapico, C de Albornoz, AC Cennini, P Chepel, V Chiaveri, E Cortes, G Couture, A Cox, J Dahlfors, M David, S Dillmann, I Dolfini, R Domingo-Pardo, C Dridi, W Duran, I Eleftheriadis, C Embid-Segura, M Ferrant, L Ferrari, A Ferreira-Marques, R Fitzpatrick, L Frais-Koelbl, H Fujii, K Furman, W Goncalves, I Gonzalez-Romero, E Goverdovski, A Gramegna, F Griesmayer, E Guerrero, C Gunsing, F Haas, B Haight, R Heil, M Herrera-Martinez, A Igashira, M Isaev, S Jericha, E Kappeler, F Kadi, Y Karadimos, D Karamanis, D Ketlerov, V Kerveno, M Koehler, P Konovalov, V Kossionides, E Krticka, M Lampoudis, C Lederer, C Leeb, H Lindote, A Lopes, I Lozano, M Lukic, S Marganiec, J Marques, L Marrone, S Martinez, T Massimi, C Meaze, MH Mengoni, A Moreau, C Mosconi, M Neves, F Oberhummer, H O'Brien, S Oshima, M Pancin, J Papachristodoulou, C Papadopoulos, C Paradela, C Patronis, N Pavlik, A Pavlopoulos, P Perrot, L Pigni, MT Plag, R Plompen, A Plukis, A Poch, A Praena, J Pretel, C Quesada, J Rauscher, T Reifarth, R Rosetti, M Rubbia, C Rudolf, G Rullhusen, P Salgado, J Santos, C Sarchiapone, L Savvidis, I Stephan, C Tagliente, G Tain, JL Tassan-Got, L Tavora, L Terlizzi, R Vannini, G Vaz, P Ventura, A Villamarin, D Vincente, MC Vlachoudis, V Vlastou, R Voss, F Wallner, A Walter, S Wendler, H Wiescher, M Wisshak, K AF Belloni, F. Milazzo, P. M. Calviani, M. Colonna, N. Mastinu, P. Abbondanno, U. Aerts, G. Alvarez, H. Alvarez-Velarde, F. Andriamonje, S. Andrzejewski, J. Assimakopoulos, P. Audouin, L. Badurek, G. Barbagallo, M. Baumann, P. Becvar, F. Berthoumieux, E. Calvino, F. Cerutti, F. Cano-Ott, D. Capote, R. Carrapico, C. de Albornoz, A. Carrillo Cennini, P. Chepel, V. Chiaveri, E. Cortes, G. Couture, A. Cox, J. Dahlfors, M. David, S. Dillmann, I. Dolfini, R. Domingo-Pardo, C. Dridi, W. Duran, I. Eleftheriadis, C. Embid-Segura, M. Ferrant, L. Ferrari, A. Ferreira-Marques, R. Fitzpatrick, L. Frais-Koelbl, H. Fujii, K. Furman, W. Goncalves, I. Gonzalez-Romero, E. Goverdovski, A. Gramegna, F. Griesmayer, E. Guerrero, C. Gunsing, F. Haas, B. Haight, R. Heil, M. Herrera-Martinez, A. Igashira, M. Isaev, S. Jericha, E. Kaeppeler, F. Kadi, Y. Karadimos, D. Karamanis, D. Ketlerov, V. Kerveno, M. Koehler, P. Konovalov, V. Kossionides, E. Krticka, M. Lampoudis, C. Lederer, C. Leeb, H. Lindote, A. Lopes, I. Lozano, M. Lukic, S. Marganiec, J. Marques, L. Marrone, S. Martinez, T. Massimi, C. Meaze, M. H. Mengoni, A. Moreau, C. Mosconi, M. Neves, F. Oberhummer, H. O'Brien, S. Oshima, M. Pancin, J. Papachristodoulou, C. Papadopoulos, C. Paradela, C. Patronis, N. Pavlik, A. Pavlopoulos, P. Perrot, L. Pigni, M. T. Plag, R. Plompen, A. Plukis, A. Poch, A. Praena, J. Pretel, C. Quesada, J. Rauscher, T. Reifarth, R. Rosetti, M. Rubbia, C. Rudolf, G. Rullhusen, P. Salgado, J. Santos, C. Sarchiapone, L. Savvidis, I. Stephan, C. Tagliente, G. Tain, J. L. Tassan-Got, L. Tavora, L. Terlizzi, R. Vannini, G. Vaz, P. Ventura, A. Villamarin, D. Vincente, M. C. Vlachoudis, V. Vlastou, R. Voss, F. Wallner, A. Walter, S. Wendler, H. Wiescher, M. Wisshak, K. CA N TOF Collaboration TI Neutron-induced fission cross section measurement of U-233, Am-241 and Am-243 in the energy range 0.5 MeV <= E-n <= 20 MeV at n_TOF at CERN SO PHYSICA SCRIPTA LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Nordic Conference on Nuclear Physics CY JUN 13-17, 2011 CL Stockholm, SWEDEN AB Neutron-induced fission cross section measurements of U-233, Am-243 and Am-241 relative to U-235 have been carried out at the neutron time-of-flight facility n_TOF at CERN. A fast ionization chamber has been employed. All samples were located in the same detector; therefore the studied elements and the reference U-235 target are subject to the same neutron beam. C1 [Belloni, F.; Milazzo, P. M.; Abbondanno, U.; Fujii, K.; Moreau, C.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Trieste, Italy. [Belloni, F.; Aerts, G.; Andriamonje, S.; Berthoumieux, E.; Dridi, W.; Gunsing, F.; Isaev, S.; Pancin, J.; Perrot, L.; Plukis, A.] CEA, Irfu, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Calviani, M.; Mastinu, P.; Gramegna, F.; Praena, J.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Legnaro, Trieste, Italy. [Calviani, M.; Cerutti, F.; Cennini, P.; Chiaveri, E.; Dahlfors, M.; Ferrari, A.; Fitzpatrick, L.; Herrera-Martinez, A.; Kadi, Y.; Ketlerov, V.; Konovalov, V.; Lampoudis, C.; Mengoni, A.; Sarchiapone, L.; Vlachoudis, V.; Wendler, H.] CERN, Geneva, Switzerland. [Colonna, N.; Barbagallo, M.; Marrone, S.; Meaze, M. H.; Tagliente, G.; Terlizzi, R.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Alvarez, H.; Duran, I.; Paradela, C.] Univ Santiago de Compostela, Santiago De Compostela, Spain. [Alvarez-Velarde, F.; Cano-Ott, D.; Embid-Segura, M.; Gonzalez-Romero, E.; Guerrero, C.; Martinez, T.; Villamarin, D.; Vincente, M. C.] Ctr Invest Energet Medioambient & Tecnol, Madrid, Spain. [Andrzejewski, J.; Marganiec, J.] Univ Lodz, PL-90131 Lodz, Poland. [Assimakopoulos, P.; Karadimos, D.; Karamanis, D.; Papachristodoulou, C.; Patronis, N.] Univ Ioannina, GR-45110 Ioannina, Greece. [Audouin, L.; David, S.; Ferrant, L.; Stephan, C.; Tassan-Got, L.] IPN, IN2P3, CNRS, Orsay, France. [Badurek, G.; Jericha, E.; Leeb, H.; Oberhummer, H.; Pigni, M. T.] Vienna Univ Technol, Atominst Osterreich, Vienna, Austria. [Baumann, P.; Kerveno, M.; Lukic, S.; Rudolf, G.] IN2P3 IReS, CNRS, Strasbourg, France. [Becvar, F.; Krticka, M.] Charles Univ Prague, Prague, Czech Republic. [Calvino, F.] Univ Politecn Madrid, E-28040 Madrid, Spain. [Capote, R.; Mengoni, A.] IAEA, Nucl Data Sect, A-1400 Vienna, Austria. [Capote, R.; Lozano, M.; Praena, J.; Quesada, J.] Univ Seville, Seville, Spain. [Carrapico, C.; de Albornoz, A. Carrillo; Marques, L.; Salgado, J.; Santos, C.; Tavora, L.; Vaz, P.] Inst Tecnol & Nucl ITN, Lisbon, Portugal. [Chepel, V.; Ferreira-Marques, R.; Goncalves, I.; Lindote, A.; Lopes, I.; Neves, F.] Univ Coimbra, LIP Coimbra, P-3000 Coimbra, Portugal. [Chepel, V.; Ferreira-Marques, R.; Goncalves, I.; Lindote, A.; Lopes, I.; Neves, F.] Univ Coimbra, Dept Fis, P-3000 Coimbra, Portugal. [Cortes, G.; Poch, A.; Pretel, C.] Univ Politecn Cataluna, Barcelona, Spain. [Couture, A.; Cox, J.; O'Brien, S.; Wiescher, M.] Univ Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. [Dillmann, I.; Heil, M.; Kaeppeler, F.; Mosconi, M.; Plag, R.; Voss, F.; Walter, S.; Wisshak, K.] Karlsruhe Inst Technol, Inst Kernphys, Karlsruhe, Germany. [Dolfini, R.; Rubbia, C.; Wallner, A.] Univ Pavia, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. [Domingo-Pardo, C.; Tain, J. L.] Univ Valencia, CSIC, Inst Fis Corpuscular, E-46003 Valencia, Spain. [Eleftheriadis, C.; Lampoudis, C.; Savvidis, I.] Aristotle Univ Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece. [Frais-Koelbl, H.; Griesmayer, E.] Fachhsch Wiener Neustadt, Wiener Neustadt, Austria. [Furman, W.] Joint Inst Nucl Res, Frank Lab Neutron Phys, Dubna, Russia. [Goverdovski, A.; Ketlerov, V.; Konovalov, V.] Inst Phys & Power Engn, Obninsk, Russia. [Haas, B.] IN2P3 CENBG, CNRS, Bordeaux, France. [Haight, R.; Reifarth, R.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Igashira, M.] Tokyo Inst Technol, Tokyo 152, Japan. [Koehler, P.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Kossionides, E.] NCSR, Athens, Greece. [Lederer, C.; Pavlik, A.] Univ Vienna, Fak Phys, A-1010 Vienna, Austria. [Massimi, C.; Vannini, G.] Univ Bologna, Dipartimento Fis, I-40126 Bologna, Italy. [Massimi, C.; Vannini, G.] Sez INFN Bologna, Bologna, Italy. [Oshima, M.] Japan Atom Energy Res Inst, Tokai, Ibaraki 31911, Japan. [Papadopoulos, C.; Vlastou, R.] Natl Tech Univ Athens, GR-10682 Athens, Greece. [Pavlopoulos, P.] Pole Univ Leonard de Vinci, Paris, France. [Plompen, A.; Rullhusen, P.] CEC JRC IRMM, Geel, Belgium. [Rauscher, T.] Univ Basel, Dept Phys, CH-4003 Basel, Switzerland. [Rosetti, M.; Ventura, A.] ENEA, Bologna, Italy. RP Belloni, F (reprint author), Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Trieste, Italy. EM francesca.belloni@cea.fr RI Jericha, Erwin/A-4094-2011; Gonzalez Romero, Enrique/L-7561-2014; Pretel Sanchez, Carme/L-8287-2014; Martinez, Trinitario/K-6785-2014; Capote Noy, Roberto/M-1245-2014; Massimi, Cristian/B-2401-2015; Duran, Ignacio/H-7254-2015; Alvarez Pol, Hector/F-1930-2011; Massimi, Cristian/K-2008-2015; Paradela, Carlos/J-1492-2012; Gramegna, Fabiana/B-1377-2012; Calvino, Francisco/K-5743-2014; Mengoni, Alberto/I-1497-2012; Rauscher, Thomas/D-2086-2009; Lopes, Isabel/A-1806-2014; Tain, Jose L./K-2492-2014; Cano Ott, Daniel/K-4945-2014; Quesada Molina, Jose Manuel/K-5267-2014; Guerrero, Carlos/L-3251-2014; Lozano, Manuel/L-6892-2014; Wallner, Anton/G-1480-2011; Lindote, Alexandre/H-4437-2013; Lederer, Claudia/H-4677-2013; Neves, Francisco/H-4744-2013; Goncalves, Isabel/J-6954-2013; Vaz, Pedro/K-2464-2013 OI Goncalves, Isabel/0000-0002-1997-955X; Jericha, Erwin/0000-0002-8663-0526; Pavlik, Andreas/0000-0001-7526-3372; Chepel, Vitaly/0000-0003-0675-4586; Lozano Leyva, Manuel Luis/0000-0003-2853-4103; Domingo-Pardo, Cesar/0000-0002-2915-5466; Marques, Rui/0000-0003-3549-8198; Gonzalez Romero, Enrique/0000-0003-2376-8920; Martinez, Trinitario/0000-0002-0683-5506; Capote Noy, Roberto/0000-0002-1799-3438; Massimi, Cristian/0000-0001-9792-3722; Alvarez Pol, Hector/0000-0001-9643-6252; Massimi, Cristian/0000-0003-2499-5586; Gramegna, Fabiana/0000-0001-6112-0602; Calvino, Francisco/0000-0002-7198-4639; Mengoni, Alberto/0000-0002-2537-0038; Rauscher, Thomas/0000-0002-1266-0642; Lopes, Isabel/0000-0003-0419-903X; Cano Ott, Daniel/0000-0002-9568-7508; Quesada Molina, Jose Manuel/0000-0002-2038-2814; Guerrero, Carlos/0000-0002-2111-546X; Wallner, Anton/0000-0003-2804-3670; Lindote, Alexandre/0000-0002-7965-807X; Neves, Francisco/0000-0003-3635-1083; Vaz, Pedro/0000-0002-7186-2359 NR 16 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 29 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0031-8949 EI 1402-4896 J9 PHYS SCRIPTA JI Phys. Scr. PD OCT PY 2012 VL T150 AR 014005 DI 10.1088/0031-8949/2012/T150/014005 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 017QM UT WOS:000309605500006 ER PT J AU Gellanki, J Rudolph, D Ragnarsson, I Andersson, LL Andreoiu, C Carpenter, MP Ekman, J Fahlander, C Johansson, EK Reviol, W Sarantites, DG Seweryniak, D Svensson, CE AF Gellanki, J. Rudolph, D. Ragnarsson, I. Andersson, L-L Andreoiu, C. Carpenter, M. P. Ekman, J. Fahlander, C. Johansson, E. K. Reviol, W. Sarantites, D. G. Seweryniak, D. Svensson, C. E. TI High-spin structure studies in Zn-62 SO PHYSICA SCRIPTA LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Nordic Conference on Nuclear Physics CY JUN 13-17, 2011 CL Stockholm, SWEDEN ID ROTATIONAL BANDS; RESPONSE CHARACTERISTICS; SUPERDEFORMED BAND; GAMMASPHERE; MICROBALL; DECAY; WELL AB A detailed experimental study of the Zn-62 nucleus was conducted by combining the data sets from four fusion-evaporation reaction experiments. Apart from the previous published data, the present results include ten new rotational band structures and two new superdeformed bands. The GAMMASPHERE Ge-detector array in conjunction with the 4 pi charged-particle detector array Microball allowed for detection of gamma-rays in coincidence with evaporated light particles. The deduced level scheme includes some 260 excited states, which are connected with 450 gamma-ray transitions. The multipolarities have been assigned via directional correlations of gamma-rays emitted from oriented states. The experimental characteristics of the rotational bands are analyzed and compared with the results from the cranked Nilsson-Strutinsky calculations. C1 [Gellanki, J.; Rudolph, D.; Andersson, L-L; Andreoiu, C.; Ekman, J.; Fahlander, C.; Johansson, E. K.] Lund Univ, Dept Phys, Lund, Sweden. [Ragnarsson, I.] Lund Univ, Div Math Phys, LTH, Lund, Sweden. [Andreoiu, C.; Svensson, C. E.] Univ Guelph, Dept Phys, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada. [Carpenter, M. P.; Seweryniak, D.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Reviol, W.; Sarantites, D. G.] Washington Univ, Dept Chem, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. RP Gellanki, J (reprint author), Lund Univ, Dept Phys, Lund, Sweden. EM gellanki.jnaneswari@nuclear.lu.se RI Carpenter, Michael/E-4287-2015; Ekman, Jorgen/C-1385-2013 OI Carpenter, Michael/0000-0002-3237-5734; NR 28 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0031-8949 EI 1402-4896 J9 PHYS SCRIPTA JI Phys. Scr. PD OCT PY 2012 VL T150 AR 014013 DI 10.1088/0031-949/2012/T150/014013 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 017QM UT WOS:000309605500014 ER PT J AU Randrup, J Moller, P AF Randrup, Jorgen Moeller, Peter TI Brownian shape motion: fission fragment mass distributions SO PHYSICA SCRIPTA LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Nordic Conference on Nuclear Physics CY JUN 13-17, 2011 CL Stockholm, SWEDEN ID ONE-BODY DISSIPATION; NUCLEAR-FISSION; DISINTEGRATION AB A recently developed novel method for calculating fission-fragment mass distributions is discussed. It treats the nuclear shape evolution as Brownian motion and in its simplest form performs random walks on previously calculated five-dimensional potential-energy surfaces. Remarkably good reproduction of experimentally measured data is obtained without introduction of any new parameters. C1 [Randrup, Jorgen] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Moeller, Peter] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Randrup, J (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM JRandrup@LBL.gov OI Moller, Peter/0000-0002-5848-3565 NR 11 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 4 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0031-8949 EI 1402-4896 J9 PHYS SCRIPTA JI Phys. Scr. PD OCT PY 2012 VL T150 AR 014033 DI 10.1088/0031-8949/2012/T150/014033 PG 3 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 017QM UT WOS:000309605500034 ER PT J AU Weatherford, BR Barnat, EV Foster, JE AF Weatherford, B. R. Barnat, E. V. Foster, J. E. TI Two-dimensional laser collision-induced fluorescence measurements of plasma properties near an RF plasma cathode extraction aperture SO PLASMA SOURCES SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ELECTRON-DENSITY MEASUREMENT; HELIUM; DISCHARGE; PARAMETERS; MODEL AB A dense plasma structure was observed to form near the extraction aperture of a helium RF plasma cathode. Laser collision-induced fluorescence was used to generate two-dimensional spatial maps of the electron density and the effective electron temperature within the structure over a range of operating conditions. The aperture plasma reached densities nearly an order of magnitude higher than the surrounding bulk plasma. The sharp spatial change in density at the plasma structure boundary suggests the presence of a double layer sheath. Higher temperature electrons were also observed at the periphery of the plasma structure. Variations in the observed plasma structure with extracted electron current were found to be consistent with reported low pressure anode spot behavior. Measurements of plasma density within and at the boundary of the structure, and the dependence of these on the current extracted across the external gap, are compared with calculations and discussed. C1 [Weatherford, B. R.; Foster, J. E.] Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Barnat, E. V.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87123 USA. RP Weatherford, BR (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. EM brweathe@umich.edu; evbarna@sandia.gov; jefoster@umich.edu FU Department of Energy Office of Fusion Energy Science [DE-SC0001939] FX The authors want to thank Ahmed El-Saghir for his insightful work on Langmuir probe experiments that were related to this study. This work was supported by the Department of Energy Office of Fusion Energy Science Contract DE-SC0001939. NR 36 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 14 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0963-0252 J9 PLASMA SOURCES SCI T JI Plasma Sources Sci. Technol. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 21 IS 5 AR 055030 DI 10.1088/0963-0252/21/5/055030 PG 15 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 017LA UT WOS:000309590200033 ER PT J AU Tawde, MD Freimuth, P AF Tawde, Mangala D. Freimuth, Paul TI Toxic misfolding of Arabidopsis cellulases in the secretory pathway of Pichia pastoris SO PROTEIN EXPRESSION AND PURIFICATION LA English DT Article DE Secretory proteins; Recombinant expression; Protein quality control; Translocation; Unfolded protein response ID UNFOLDED PROTEIN RESPONSE; CARBOHYDRATE-BINDING MODULES; ENDOPLASMIC-RETICULUM; CELL-WALL; SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; CELLULOSE BIOSYNTHESIS; PYRUVATE-CARBOXYLASE; RECOMBINANT PROTEINS; GENE-EXPRESSION AB Plants produce a large number of cellulases that are either secreted or anchored in the plasma membrane where they likely function in various aspects of cellulose synthesis, modification and degradation during plant growth and development. Very few of these enzymes have been characterized in any detail, however. Here we attempted to produce two Arabidopsis modular cellulases, which contain a catalytic domain belonging to glycoside hydrolase family 9 (GH9) and a carbohydrate binding module (CBM), in the yeast Pichia pastoris. Neither of the intact modular enzymes was detectably produced, although the independently expressed GH9 catalytic domain of one enzyme was secreted when the protein was expressed at low temperature. Expression of intact and truncated cellulases at the standard temperature caused extensive cell lysis, with release of high concentrations of endogenous proteins into the culture medium. Cell lysis appeared to result from misfolding of cellulase proteins within the Pichia secretory pathway. The toxicity of these misfolded cellulases potentially could be exploited to derive host strains with enhanced capability to fold recombinant secretory proteins. (C) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Freimuth, Paul] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Biol, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Tawde, Mangala D.] Queensborough Community Coll, Dept Biol Sci & Geol, Bayside, NY 11364 USA. RP Freimuth, P (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Biol, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM freimuth@bnl.gov FU Brookhaven National Laboratory directed research and development (LDRD) [10-052]; NSF [STEP 0652963]; Summer Undergraduate Laboratory Internship (SULI); Faculty and Student Team (FaST) programs of the US Department of Energy FX We dedicate this paper to the unflagging enthusiasm for science of our friend and colleague, John). Dunn. We thank). Ricciardi and R. Katz for technical assistance, and C.W. Anderson and F.W. Studier for critical reading of the manuscript. This work was supported by Brookhaven National Laboratory directed research and development (LDRD) award 10-052 to PF, NSF STEP 0652963 to MT, and by the Summer Undergraduate Laboratory Internship (SULI) and Faculty and Student Team (FaST) programs of the US Department of Energy. NR 43 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 4 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1046-5928 J9 PROTEIN EXPRES PURIF JI Protein Expr. Purif. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 85 IS 2 BP 211 EP 217 DI 10.1016/j.pep.2012.08.009 PG 7 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 020CP UT WOS:000309786600008 PM 22929090 ER PT J AU Templeton, A Chu, J Sun, M Yao, R Sun, JG Coon, A Bernard, D Shott, S Griem, K AF Templeton, Alistair Chu, James Sun, Miranda Yao, Rui Sun, Jiangang Coon, Alan Bernard, Damian Shott, Susan Griem, Katherine TI Thermal Effusivity Changes as a Precursor to Moist Desquamation SO RADIATION RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID ACUTE RADIATION DERMATITIS; BARRIER FUNCTION; BREAST-CANCER; IONIZING-RADIATION; SKIN; RADIOTHERAPY; THERAPY; TOXICITY AB Skin toxicity is a ubiquitous side effect in radiotherapy and can be difficult to predict. Moist desquamation in cancer patients can decrease quality of life and occasionally demand unplanned treatment breaks thus worsening outcome. In breast cancer patients, moist desquamation occurs approximately one-third of the time, and while avenues such as intensity-modulated radiation therapy exist to decrease skin side effects, they may be prohibitively expensive to distribute widely. To selectively target patients who are at risk for high skin toxicity, toxicity prediction beyond heuristics is required. This study presents 3D thermal tomography, a translation technology that employs active thermal imaging to map the thermal effusivity of skin. Irradiated mice were imaged throughout reaction development to establish a correlation between effusivity changes and eventual toxicity severity. Female hairless mice (n = 11) were anesthetized and irradiated to 40 Gy in one fraction using a 1 cm Leipzig brachytherapy applicator with an Ir-192 source. After irradiation, thermal imaging was conducted daily with a flash lamp and infrared camera. Effusivity was calculated using custom software and tracked within irradiated and contralateral control regions. Mice were retrospectively grouped into high-grade (moist desquamation present, n = 6) and low-grade (n = 5). All mice showed an increase in the relative average effusivity difference among the treated and control regions between irradiation and peak reaction between 12 and 15 days after irradiation. The high-grade group showed an earlier increase in relative average effusivity difference (mean 1.7 days after irradiation versus 4.4 days after irradiation) than the low-grade group, and had a significantly greater relative average effusivity difference between 2-5 days after irradiation. We concluded that 3D thermal tomography is quick, non-invasive, non-ionizing and exhibited a correlative difference between mice that eventually developed moist desquamation and those that only presented dry desquamation. With further development, it may prove to be a useful tool in the clinic for differentiating patients who require preventative measures to reduce skin toxicity. (C) 2012 by Radiation Research Society C1 [Shott, Susan] Rush Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Med, Chicago, IL 60612 USA. [Sun, Jiangang] Argonne Natl Labs, Nucl Engn Div, Chicago, IL USA. [Templeton, Alistair; Chu, James; Sun, Miranda; Yao, Rui; Coon, Alan; Bernard, Damian; Griem, Katherine] Rush Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Radiat Oncol, Chicago, IL 60612 USA. RP Templeton, A (reprint author), Womens Board Canc Treatment Ctr, Dept Radiat Oncol, 500 S Paulina St,Atrium Bldg,Ground Floor, Chicago, IL 60612 USA. EM alistair_templeton@rush.edu FU Brian Piccolo Cancer Research Fund; Gavers Community Cancer Foundation; Segal Family Foundation FX This work was supported by The Brian Piccolo Cancer Research Fund; the Gavers Community Cancer Foundation; and the Segal Family Foundation. NR 33 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 5 PU RADIATION RESEARCH SOC PI LAWRENCE PA 810 E TENTH STREET, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 0033-7587 EI 1938-5404 J9 RADIAT RES JI Radiat. Res. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 178 IS 4 BP 295 EP 303 DI 10.1667/RR2745.1 PG 9 WC Biology; Biophysics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Biophysics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 020EE UT WOS:000309791000006 PM 22823571 ER PT J AU West, AC Lynch, JD Sellner, B Lischka, H Hase, WL Windus, TL AF West, Aaron C. Lynch, Joseph D. Sellner, Bernhard Lischka, Hans Hase, William L. Windus, Theresa L. TI O+C2H4 potential energy surface: lowest-lying singlet at the multireference level SO THEORETICAL CHEMISTRY ACCOUNTS LA English DT Article DE CASSCF; MR-AQCC; MRMP2; CR-CC(2,3); Multireference; GVB-PP; Perfect pairing; IRC; Ketocarbene; Combustion ID MOLECULAR ELECTRONIC WAVEFUNCTIONS; CONFIGURATION-INTERACTION CALCULATIONS; TRIPLET OXYGEN-ATOM; ELASTIC BAND METHOD; AB-INITIO; DISSOCIATIVE ADSORPTION; CHEMICAL-REACTIONS; EXCITED-STATES; SADDLE-POINTS; FORCE-FIELDS AB In previous studies (West et al. in J Phys Chem A 113(45): 12663, 2009; West et al. in Theor Chem Acc 131: 1123, 2012), the lowest-lying O(P-3) + C2H4 and singlet PES near the center dot CH2CH2O center dot biradical were extensively explored at several levels of theory. In this work, the lowest-lying O(D-1) + C2H4 PES is further examined at the multiconfigurational self-consistent field (MCSCF), MRMP2, CR-CC(2,3), GVB-PP, and MR-AQCC levels. This study aims to provide a detailed comparison of these different levels of theory for this particular system. In particular, many reactions for this system involve multiple bond rearrangements and require various degrees of both non-dynamic and dynamic correlation for reasonable energetics. As a result of this variety, coupled cluster results parallel but do not always match up with multireference results as previously anticipated. In the case of the (CHCHOH)-C-2 -> oxirane pathway, MCSCF results show the possibility of a two-step mechanism rather than an elementary step, but the case is very difficult to elucidate. In the case of the CH3C:-OH -> H2CCO + H-2 pathway, a non-traditional NEB MEP at the GVB-PP level and MR-AQCC stationary point determination illustrate the need for a complex treatment of this surface. C1 [West, Aaron C.; Windus, Theresa L.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Lynch, Joseph D.] Robert C Byrd Hlth Sci Ctr, Sch Med, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. [Sellner, Bernhard; Lischka, Hans] Univ Vienna, Inst Theoret Chem, A-1090 Vienna, Austria. [Sellner, Bernhard] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Chem & Mat Sci Div, Richland, WA 99354 USA. [Lischka, Hans; Hase, William L.] Texas Tech Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. RP Windus, TL (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM twindus@iastate.edu RI Lischka, Hans/A-8802-2015 FU National Science Foundation [OISE-0730114]; Robert A. Welch Foundation [D-0005]; High-Performance Computing Center (HPCC) at Texas Tech University; Vienna Computational Materials Laboratory (ViCoM) [F41]; Ames Laboratory; Iowa State University; [70019] FX The authors are indebted to Michael W. Schmidt and Mark S. Gordon for help in using the capabilities of GAMESS and MCSCF. This material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant No. OISE-0730114 for the Partnerships in International Research and Education (PIRE) and by the Robert A. Welch Foundation under Grant No. D-0005. TeraGrid resources were provided by the Texas Advanced Computing Center (TACC). Support was also provided by the High-Performance Computing Center (HPCC) at Texas Tech University, under the direction of Philip W. Smith. In addition, this work was supported by the Austrian Science Fund within the framework of the Special Research Program F41 (Vienna Computational Materials Laboratory (ViCoM)). Computer time at the Vienna Scientific Cluster (project no. 70019) is gratefully acknowledged. TLW acknowledges computing resources purchased through funds provided by Ames Laboratory and Iowa State University. NR 73 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 29 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1432-881X EI 1432-2234 J9 THEOR CHEM ACC JI Theor. Chem. Acc. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 131 IS 10 AR 1279 DI 10.1007/s00214-012-1279-7 PG 14 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 021CJ UT WOS:000309862600002 ER PT J AU Canal, CAG Hojvat, C Tarutina, T AF Garcia Canal, Carlos A. Hojvat, Carlos Tarutina, Tatiana TI SCALER MODE OF THE AUGER OBSERVATORY AND SUNSPOTS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES LA English DT Article DE methods: statistical; sunspots ID DETRENDED FLUCTUATION ANALYSIS; 1/F NOISE AB Recent data from the Auger Observatory on low-energy secondary cosmic ray particles are analyzed to study temporal correlations together with data on the daily sunspot numbers and neutron monitor data. Standard spectral analysis demonstrates that the available data show 1/f(beta) fluctuations with beta approximate to 1 in the low-frequency range. All data behave like Brownian fluctuations in the high-frequency range. The existence of long-range correlations in the data was confirmed by detrended fluctuation analysis. The real data confirmed the correlation between the scaling exponent of the detrended analysis and the exponent of the spectral analysis. C1 [Garcia Canal, Carlos A.; Tarutina, Tatiana] Univ Nacl La Plata, CONICET, CCT La Plata, Inst Fis La Plata, RA-1900 La Plata, Argentina. [Garcia Canal, Carlos A.; Tarutina, Tatiana] Univ Nacl La Plata, Fac Ciencias Exactas, Dept Fis, RA-1900 La Plata, Argentina. [Hojvat, Carlos] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Canal, CAG (reprint author), Univ Nacl La Plata, CONICET, CCT La Plata, Inst Fis La Plata, CC 67, RA-1900 La Plata, Argentina. FU United States Department of Energy [De-AC02-07CH11359]; ANPCyT of Argentina FX We warmly thank Professors Huner Fanchiotti and Sergio Sciutto for very useful discussions. We acknowledge the Pierre Auger Observatory for making the data publicly available and the Pierre Auger Collaboration Publication Committee for a critical reading of the text. Fermilab is operated by Fermi Research Alliance, LLC under Contract No. De-AC02-07CH11359 with the United States Department of Energy. C. A. G. C. and T. T. acknowledge partial support of ANPCyT of Argentina. NR 24 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0067-0049 J9 ASTROPHYS J SUPPL S JI Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 202 IS 2 AR 16 DI 10.1088/0067-0049/202/2/16 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 016ZM UT WOS:000309558400006 ER PT J AU Gnedin, NY Hollon, N AF Gnedin, Nickolay Y. Hollon, Nicholas TI COOLING AND HEATING FUNCTIONS OF PHOTOIONIZED GAS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES LA English DT Article DE methods: numerical ID MASSIVE BLACK-HOLES; LOW-DENSITY PLASMA; IONIZATION EQUILIBRIUM; ASTROPHYSICAL PLASMAS; RADIATIVE FEEDBACK; STAR-FORMATION; GALAXIES; SIMULATIONS; ELEMENTS; RATES AB Cooling and heating functions of cosmic gas are crucial ingredients for any study of gas dynamics and thermodynamics in the interstellar and intergalactic media. As such, they have been studied extensively in the past under the assumption of collisional ionization equilibrium. However, for a wide range of applications, the local radiation field introduces a non-negligible, often dominant, modification to the cooling and heating functions. In the most general case, these modifications cannot be described in simple terms and would require a detailed calculation with a large set of chemical species using a radiative transfer code (the well-known code Cloudy, for example). We show, however, that for a sufficiently general variation in the spectral shape and intensity of the incident radiation field, the cooling and heating functions can be approximated as depending only on several photoionization rates, which can be thought of as representative samples of the overall radiation field. This dependence is easy to tabulate and implement in cosmological or galactic-scale simulations, thus economically accounting for an important but rarely included factor in the evolution of cosmic gas. We also show a few examples where the radiation environment has a large effect, the most spectacular of which is a quasar that suppresses gas cooling in its host halo without any mechanical or non-radiative thermal feedback. C1 [Gnedin, Nickolay Y.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Ctr Particle Astrophys, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. [Gnedin, Nickolay Y.; Hollon, Nicholas] Univ Chicago, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Gnedin, Nickolay Y.; Hollon, Nicholas] Univ Chicago, Kavli Inst Cosmol Phys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Gnedin, Nickolay Y.; Hollon, Nicholas] Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. RP Gnedin, NY (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Ctr Particle Astrophys, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. EM gnedin@fnal.gov FU DOE at Fermilab; NSF grant [AST-0908063]; NASA grant [NNX-09AJ54G]; Fermilab; Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics; University of Chicago FX We are grateful to Andrey Kravtsov for enlightening discussions and constructive criticism. Comments by the anonymous referee helped us to realize the inadequacy of the original version of our approximation. This work was supported in part by the DOE at Fermilab, by the NSF grant AST-0908063, and by the NASA grant NNX-09AJ54G. The calculations used in this work have been performed on the Joint Fermilab-KICP Supercomputing Cluster, supported by grants from Fermilab, Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, and the University of Chicago. We acknowledge the use of the Cloudy code (Ferland et al. 1998) as the primary research tool of this study. This work made extensive use of the NASA Astrophysics Data System and arXiv.org preprint server. NR 23 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 4 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0067-0049 J9 ASTROPHYS J SUPPL S JI Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 202 IS 2 AR 13 DI 10.1088/0067-0049/202/2/13 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 016ZM UT WOS:000309558400003 ER PT J AU Pirone, JR D'Arcy, M Stewart, DA Hines, WC Johnson, M Gould, MN Yaswen, P Jerry, DJ Schneider, SS Troester, MA AF Pirone, Jason R. D'Arcy, Monica Stewart, Delisha A. Hines, William C. Johnson, Melissa Gould, Michael N. Yaswen, Paul Jerry, D. Joseph Schneider, Sallie Smith Troester, Melissa A. TI Age-Associated Gene Expression in Normal Breast Tissue Mirrors Qualitative Age-at-Incidence Patterns for Breast Cancer SO CANCER EPIDEMIOLOGY BIOMARKERS & PREVENTION LA English DT Article ID MAMMARY-GLAND; MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION; SIGNATURE; SURVIVAL; MICROENVIRONMENT; EVOLUTIONARY; PROGRESSION; INTERFACE; PROGNOSIS; PROFILE AB Background: Age is the strongest breast cancer risk factor, with overall breast cancer risk increasing steadily beginning at approximately 30 years of age. However, while breast cancer risk is lower among younger women, young women's breast cancer may be more aggressive. Although, several genomic and epidemiologic studies have shown higher prevalence of aggressive, estrogen-receptor negative breast cancer in younger women, the age-related gene expression that predisposes to these tumors is poorly understood. Characterizing age-related patterns of gene expression in normal breast tissues may provide insights on etiology of distinct breast cancer subtypes that arise from these tissues. Methods: To identify age-related changes in normal breast tissue, 96 tissue specimens from patients with reduction mammoplasty, ages 14 to 70 years, were assayed by gene expression microarray. Results: Significant associations between gene expression levels and age were identified for 802 probes (481 increased, 321 decreased with increasing age). Enriched functions included "aging of cells," "shape change," and " chemotaxis," and enriched pathways included Wnt/beta-catenin signaling, Ephrin receptor signaling, and JAK/Stat signaling. Applying the age-associated genes to publicly available tumor datasets, the age-associated pathways defined two groups of tumors with distinct survival. Conclusion: The hazard rates of young-like tumors mirrored that of high-grade tumors in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program, providing a biologic link between normal aging and age-related tumor aggressiveness. Impact: These data show that studies of normal tissue gene expression can yield important insights about the pathways and biologic pressures that are relevant during tumor etiology and progression. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 21(10); 1735-44. (c) 2012 AACR. C1 [D'Arcy, Monica; Troester, Melissa A.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Epidemiol, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Stewart, Delisha A.; Troester, Melissa A.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Pirone, Jason R.; Troester, Melissa A.] Univ N Carolina, Lineberger Comprehens Canc Ctr, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Hines, William C.; Yaswen, Paul] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Dept Canc & DNA Damage Responses, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Gould, Michael N.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Oncol, McArdle Lab, Madison, WI USA. [Jerry, D. Joseph] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Vet & Anim Sci, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. [Johnson, Melissa; Jerry, D. Joseph; Schneider, Sallie Smith] Pioneer Valley Life Sci Inst, Springfield, MA USA. RP Troester, MA (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Dept Epidemiol, CB 7435,135 Dauer Dr, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. EM troester@unc.edu RI Gould, Michael/C-7414-2014 FU National Cancer Institute and National Institutes of Environmental Health Sciences [U01-ES019472, R01-CA138255, R01-ES017400, U01-ES019548, U01-ES019466, P50CA058223]; Avon Foundation; University Cancer Research Fund at the University of North Carolina FX This project was supported by the National Cancer Institute and National Institutes of Environmental Health Sciences (U01-ES019472, R01-CA138255, R01-ES017400, U01-ES019548, and U01-ES019466, P50CA058223), Avon Foundation, and the University Cancer Research Fund at the University of North Carolina. NR 51 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH PI PHILADELPHIA PA 615 CHESTNUT ST, 17TH FLOOR, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-4404 USA SN 1055-9965 J9 CANCER EPIDEM BIOMAR JI Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 21 IS 10 BP 1735 EP 1744 DI 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-12-0451 PG 10 WC Oncology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Oncology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 017FS UT WOS:000309576100017 PM 22859400 ER PT J AU Nimmanwudipong, T Aydin, C Lu, J Runnebaum, RC Brodwater, KC Browning, ND Block, DE Gates, BC AF Nimmanwudipong, Tarit Aydin, Ceren Lu, Jing Runnebaum, Ron C. Brodwater, Kevin C. Browning, Nigel D. Block, David E. Gates, Bruce C. TI Selective Hydrodeoxygenation of Guaiacol Catalyzed by Platinum Supported on Magnesium Oxide SO CATALYSIS LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Hydrodeoxygenation; Platinum; MgO support; Biomass conversion; Lignin; Biofuels ID REACTION NETWORK; CONVERSION; LIGNIN; CHEMISTRY; MECHANISM; ALUMINA; ANISOLE; SIZE; MGO AB The conversion of guaiacol catalyzed by Pt/MgO in the presence of H-2 was investigated with a flow reactor at 573 K and 140 kPa. Among the dozens of reaction products identified by gas chromatography (GC) and GC/mass spectrometry, the predominant ones were phenol, catechol, and (surprisingly) cyclopentanone, with others including methane, n-butane, butenes, n-pentane, and carbon monoxide. The predominant reactions were hydrodeoxygenation (with about 70 % of the guaiacol that was converted forming products that were reduced in oxygen). In contrast, when the catalyst incorporated an acidic support, Pt/gamma-Al2O3, other reactions became kinetically significant, exemplified by transalkylation, and the selectivity to deoxygenated products was reduced to about half the value observed with Pt/MgO at guaiacol conversions in the range of about 6-20 %. Pt/MgO underwent deactivation less rapidly than Pt/gamma-Al2O3, consistent with a lower rate of coke formation and with observations by scanning transmission electron microscopy showing that the average platinum cluster diameter, approximately 1-2 nm in each catalyst, did not change significantly during operation. The results point to the advantages of basic supports for noble metal hydrodeoxygenation catalysts. . C1 [Nimmanwudipong, Tarit; Aydin, Ceren; Lu, Jing; Runnebaum, Ron C.; Brodwater, Kevin C.; Block, David E.; Gates, Bruce C.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Browning, Nigel D.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Block, David E.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Viticulture & Enol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Gates, BC (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM bcgates@ucdavis.edu RI Nimmanwudipong, Tarit/K-5507-2012; OI Nimmanwudipong, Tarit/0000-0003-3655-6097; Browning, Nigel/0000-0003-0491-251X FU Chevron; Ernest Gallo Endowed Chair in Viticulture and Enology; DOE (Basic Energy Sciences) [DE-FG02-03ER46057, DE-SC0005822]; University of California Lab Fee Program; DOE Division of Materials Sciences FX This research was funded by a fellowship provided by Chevron (T.N.), by the Ernest Gallo Endowed Chair in Viticulture and Enology, and by DOE (Basic Energy Sciences) Grant No. DE-FG02-03ER46057 (C.A.), Grant No. DE-SC0005822 (J.L.), and the University of California Lab Fee Program. We thank Kevin Tay and Leng Mut for help with the experiments. An Agilent Technologies Foundation Research Project Gift provided a GC7890 Refinery Gas Analyzer. We acknowledge beam time and the support of the DOE Division of Materials Sciences for its role in the operation and development of beam line X-18B at the National Synchrotron Light Source (NSLS) at Brookhaven National Laboratory. We thank the beamline staff for valuable support. NR 29 TC 46 Z9 46 U1 4 U2 106 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1011-372X J9 CATAL LETT JI Catal. Lett. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 142 IS 10 BP 1190 EP 1196 DI 10.1007/s10562-012-0884-3 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 016YS UT WOS:000309556400005 ER PT J AU Torres, D Liu, P AF Torres, Daniel Liu, Ping TI Vacancy-Driven Surface Segregation in Ni (x) Mg1-x O(100) Solid Solutions from First Principles Calculations SO CATALYSIS LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Mixed oxides; Segregation; NiO-MgO; Oxygen vacancy; DFT ID METHANE REFORMING REACTION; CARBON-DIOXIDE; MGO(001) SURFACE; DEFECT SITES; NI/SIO2 CATALYST; OXYGEN-VACANCY; METAL-OXIDE; CH4; CERIA; MGO AB Reduced Ni (x) Mg1-x O solid solutions are promising catalytic materials for the dry reforming of methane with carbon dioxide, a reaction of tremendous importance that converts two green-house gases into syn-gas. Conventional nickel-based catalysts have been found to encounter carbon deposition (i.e., coking), one of the major resources that cause the catalyst deactivation. Previous studies suggested that MgO-supported Ni nanoparticles produced from the reduction of Ni (x) Mg1-x O can inhibit the accumulation of carbon. The efficiency and durability of the catalyst strongly depends on the morphology. Here we employed density functional theory to investigate the structural changes of the Ni (x) Mg1-x O(100) solid solution under different conditions. Our results show that Ni ions preferentially anti-segregate to the subsurface layers of the MgO matrix during the NiO-MgO intermixing. Under reducing conditions, Ni ions facilitates the generation of oxygen vacancies, which prefer to couple together with Ni ions inside the MgO matrix to form a Ni ion-oxygen vacancy pair. In addition, the segregation of a Ni ion-oxygen vacancy pair can be controlled by changing the concentrations of Ni ions. This is driven by the strong interaction between oxygen vacancies and Ni ions. It is well known that oxygen vacancies play an important role during a catalytic reaction on an oxide, providing active sites to help the adsorption and dissociation of reaction intermediates. Our results show that in mixed oxides oxygen vacancies could also drive the segregation of the catalytically active components and provide new opportunities to tune the catalytic activity of oxides. C1 [Torres, Daniel; Liu, Ping] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Ctr Funct Nanomaterials, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Torres, Daniel; Liu, Ping] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Ctr Funct Nanomat, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Liu, P (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Ctr Funct Nanomat, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM pingliu3@bnl.gov FU US Department of Energy, Office of Science [DE-AC02-98CH10886] FX The authors are indebted to Dr. M. S. Hybertsen for stimulating discussions and for carefully reading the manuscript. This work was carried out at Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL) under Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886 with the US Department of Energy, Office of Science. The calculations utilized resources at the BNL Center for Functional Nanomaterials (CFN). NR 47 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 5 U2 50 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1011-372X EI 1572-879X J9 CATAL LETT JI Catal. Lett. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 142 IS 10 BP 1211 EP 1217 DI 10.1007/s10562-012-0894-1 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 016YS UT WOS:000309556400008 ER PT J AU Bromley, KM Lakshminarayanan, R Thompson, M Lokappa, SB Gallon, VA Cho, KR Qiu, SR Moradian-Oldak, J AF Bromley, Keith M. Lakshminarayanan, Rajamani Thompson, Mitchell Lokappa, Sowmya Bekshe Gallon, Victoria A. Cho, Kang Rae Qiu, S. Roger Moradian-Oldak, Janet TI Amelogenin Processing by MMP-20 Prevents Protein Occlusion Inside Calcite Crystals SO CRYSTAL GROWTH & DESIGN LA English DT Article ID DEVELOPING DENTAL ENAMEL; IN-SITU AFM; GROWTH; KINETICS; MATRIX; BIOMINERALIZATION; ORGANIZATION; PROTEOLYSIS; ADSORPTION; IMPERFECTA AB Calcite crystals were grown in the presence of full-length amelogenin and during its proteolysis by recombinant human matrix metalloproteinase 20 (rhMMP-20). Recombinant porcine amelogenin (rP172) altered the shape of calcite crystals by inhibiting the growth of steps on the {104} faces and became occluded inside the crystals. Upon co-addition of rhMMP-20, the majority of the protein was digested resulting in a truncated amelogenin lacking the C-terminal segment. In rP172-rhMMP-20 samples, the occlusion of amelogenin into the calcite crystals was drastically decreased. Truncated amelogenin (rP147) and the 25-residue C-terminal domain produced crystals with regular shape and less occluded organic material. Removal of the C-terminal diminished the affinity of amelogenin to the crystals and therefore prevented occlusion. We hypothesize that hydroxyapatite (HAP) and calcite interact with amelogenin in a similar manner. In the case of each material, full-length amelogenin binds most strongly, truncated amelogenin binds weakly, and the C-terminus alone has the weakest interaction. Regarding enamel crystal growth, the prevention of occlusion into maturing enamel crystals might be a major benefit resulting from the selective cleavage of amelogenin at the C-terminus by MMP-20. Our data have important implications for understanding the hypomineralized enamel phenotype in cases of amelogenesis imperfecta resulting from MMP-20 mutations and will contribute to the design of enamel inspired biomaterials. C1 [Bromley, Keith M.; Thompson, Mitchell; Lokappa, Sowmya Bekshe; Gallon, Victoria A.; Moradian-Oldak, Janet] Univ So Calif, Ctr Craniofacial Mol Biol, Ostrow Sch Dent, Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA. [Lakshminarayanan, Rajamani] Singapore Eye Res Inst, Yong Loo Lin Sch Med, NUS, Ctr Translat Med, Singapore 117599, Singapore. [Cho, Kang Rae; Qiu, S. Roger] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Phys & Life Sci Directorate, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Cho, Kang Rae] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Moradian-Oldak, J (reprint author), Univ So Calif, Ctr Craniofacial Mol Biol, Ostrow Sch Dent, 2250 Alcazar St, Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA. EM joldak@usc.edu FU NIH-NIDCR [DE-131414, DE-020099]; U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344]; [403] FX Research was supported by NIH-NIDCR Grants DE-131414 and DE-020099 to J.M.O. The authors would like to thank Mehmet Aykol and Professor Steve Cronin for micro-Raman spectroscopy and the Center for Electron Microscopy and Microanalysis (CEMMA) at USC for scanning electron microscopy. This work was in part supported under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. We thank Mr. David Maltby of the Mass Spectrometry Laboratory of the School of Pharmacy at the University of California, San Francisco, for the mass spectrometry analysis of newly engineered amelogenin under Project # 403. NR 43 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 19 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1528-7483 J9 CRYST GROWTH DES JI Cryst. Growth Des. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 12 IS 10 BP 4897 EP 4905 DI 10.1021/cg300754a PG 9 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Crystallography; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Crystallography; Materials Science GA 016BW UT WOS:000309493300030 PM 23226976 ER PT J AU Eto, JH LaCommare, KH Larsen, P Todd, A Fisher, E AF Eto, Joseph H. LaCommare, Kristina H. Larsen, Peter Todd, Annika Fisher, Emily TI Distribution-level electricity reliability: Temporal trends using statistical analysis SO ENERGY POLICY LA English DT Article DE Electricity reliability; Power interruptions; Reliability metrics ID INCOMPLETE PANELS; MODEL AB This paper helps to address the lack of comprehensive, national-scale information on the reliability of the U.S. electric power system by assessing trends in U.S. electricity reliability based on the information reported by the electric utilities on power interruptions experienced by their customers. The research analyzes up to 10 years of electricity reliability information collected from 155 U.S. electric utilities, which together account for roughly 50% of total U.S. electricity sales. We find that reported annual average duration and annual average frequency of power interruptions have been increasing over time at a rate of approximately 2% annually. We find that, independent of this trend, installation or upgrade of an automated outage management system is correlated with an increase in the reported annual average duration of power interruptions. We also find that reliance on IEEE Standard 1366-2003 is correlated with higher reported reliability compared to reported reliability not using the IEEE standard. However, we caution that we cannot attribute reliance on the IEEE standard as having caused or led to higher reported reliability because we could not separate the effect of reliance on the IEEE standard from other utility-specific factors that may be correlated with reliance on the IEEE standard. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Eto, Joseph H.; LaCommare, Kristina H.; Larsen, Peter; Todd, Annika; Fisher, Emily] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Eto, JH (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, 1 Cyclotron Rd,MS 90R4000, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM JHEto@lbl.gov FU Office of Electricity Delivery and Energy Reliability of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX The work described in this report was funded by the Office of Electricity Delivery and Energy Reliability of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract no. DE-AC02-05CH11231. In addition, we thank two anonymous reviewers for their helpful comments on the initial draft of this manuscript. NR 17 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0301-4215 J9 ENERG POLICY JI Energy Policy PD OCT PY 2012 VL 49 BP 243 EP 252 DI 10.1016/j.enpol.2012.06.001 PG 10 WC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies SC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 016CC UT WOS:000309493900031 ER PT J AU Saunders, HD Tsao, JY AF Saunders, Harry D. Tsao, Jeffrey Y. TI Rebound effects for lighting SO ENERGY POLICY LA English DT Article DE Lighting; Solid-state lighting; Rebound AB In this Communication, we seek to clarify confusion regarding our 2010 Journal of Physics article on historical rebound effects for lighting, which showed that global energy use for lighting has experienced 100% rebound over 300 years, six continents, and five technologies. We argue that our results have been misunderstood by some to mean lighting efficiency gains are counterproductive, and we instead argue for vigorously promoting improved lighting technologies. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Tsao, Jeffrey Y.] Sandia Natl Labs, Energy Frontier Res Ctr Solid State Lighting Sci, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM hsaunders@decisionprocessesinc.com; jytsao@sandia.gov FU Sandia's Solid-State Lighting Science Energy Frontier Research Center; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences; U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000] FX Work at Sandia National Laboratories was supported by Sandia's Solid-State Lighting Science Energy Frontier Research Center, funded by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences. Sandia National Laboratories is a multiprogram laboratory managed and operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corporation, for the U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. NR 2 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0301-4215 J9 ENERG POLICY JI Energy Policy PD OCT PY 2012 VL 49 BP 477 EP 478 DI 10.1016/j.enpol.2012.06.050 PG 2 WC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies SC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 016CC UT WOS:000309493900053 ER PT J AU Ha, TJ Swanson, DJ Kirova, R Yeung, J Choi, K Tong, YA Chesler, EJ Goldowitz, D AF Ha, Thomas J. Swanson, Douglas J. Kirova, Roumyana Yeung, Joanna Choi, Kunho Tong, Yiai Chesler, Elissa J. Goldowitz, Daniel TI Genome-wide microarray comparison reveals downstream genes of Pax6 in the developing mouse cerebellum SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE cerebellum; development; granule cell; Sey mutant; transcription factor; transcriptome profiling ID RHOMBIC-LIP; MAMMALIAN TELENCEPHALON; CELL-CYCLE; IDENTIFICATION; PROGENITORS; EXPRESSION; PROTEIN; MATH1; DIFFERENTIATION; HIPPOCAMPUS AB The Pax6 transcription factor is expressed in cerebellar granule cells and when mutated, as in the Sey/Sey mouse, produces granule cells with disturbed survival and migration and with defects in neurite extension. The impact of Pax6 on other genes in the context of cerebellar development has not been identified. In this study, we performed transcriptome comparisons between wildtype and Pax6-null whole cerebellar tissue at embryonic day (E) 13.5, 15.5 and 18.5 using Affymetrix arrays (U74Av2). Statistical analyses identified 136 differentially regulated transcripts (FDR 0.05, 1.2-fold change cutoff) over time in Pax6-null cerebellar tissue. In parallel we examined the Math1-null granuloprival cerebellum and identified 228 down-regulated transcripts (FDR 0.05, 1.2-fold change cutoff). The intersection of these two microarray datasets produced a total of 21 differentially regulated transcripts. For a subset of the identified transcripts, we used qRT-PCR to validate the microarray data and demonstrated the expression in the rhombic lip lineage and differential expression in Pax6-null cerebellum with in situ hybridisation analysis. The candidate genes identified in this way represent direct or indirect Pax6-downstream genes involved in cerebellar development. C1 [Ha, Thomas J.; Swanson, Douglas J.; Yeung, Joanna; Choi, Kunho; Goldowitz, Daniel] Univ British Columbia, Dept Med Genet, Ctr Mol Med & Therapeut, Child & Family Res Inst, Vancouver, BC, Canada. [Kirova, Roumyana; Chesler, Elissa J.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Mammalian Genet & Genom Grp, Oak Ridge, TN USA. [Tong, Yiai] St Jude Childrens Res Hosp, Dept Dev Neurobiol, Memphis, TN 38105 USA. [Chesler, Elissa J.] Jackson Lab, Bar Harbor, ME 04609 USA. RP Goldowitz, D (reprint author), Univ British Columbia, Dept Med Genet, Ctr Mol Med & Therapeut, Child & Family Res Inst, 950 W 28th Ave, Vancouver, BC, Canada. EM dang@cmmt.ubc.ca OI Yeung, Joanna/0000-0003-0551-5305 FU NIH [R01 HD 52472] FX Supported by NIH grant R01 HD 52472. Authors thank Dr Ramin Homayouni and Dr Matt Larouche for their insightful discussions. We also thank Randy Glenn for his informatics support. The authors have no conflict of interest to declare. NR 49 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 5 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0953-816X J9 EUR J NEUROSCI JI Eur. J. Neurosci. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 36 IS 7 BP 2888 EP 2898 DI 10.1111/j.1460-9568.2012.08221.x PG 11 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 015QI UT WOS:000309460600004 PM 22817342 ER PT J AU Konova, AB Moeller, SJ Tomasi, D Parvaz, MA Alia-Klein, N Volkow, ND Goldstein, RZ AF Konova, Anna B. Moeller, Scott J. Tomasi, Dardo Parvaz, Muhammad A. Alia-Klein, Nelly Volkow, Nora D. Goldstein, Rita Z. TI Structural and behavioral correlates of abnormal encoding of money value in the sensorimotor striatum in cocaine addiction SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE fMRI; reward; sensorimotor striatum; ventromedial prefrontal cortex; voxel-based morphometry ID MEDIAL ORBITOFRONTAL CORTEX; VOXEL-BASED MORPHOMETRY; PREFRONTAL CORTEX; DORSAL STRIATUM; DRUG-ADDICTION; NEURAL SYSTEMS; GRAY-MATTER; DORSOLATERAL STRIATUM; INTERTEMPORAL CHOICE; SYNAPTIC PLASTICITY AB Abnormalities in frontostriatal systems are thought to be central to the pathophysiology of addiction, and may underlie the maladaptive processing of the highly generalizable reinforcer, money. Although abnormal frontostriatal structure and function have been observed in individuals addicted to cocaine, it is less clear how individual variability in brain structure is associated with brain function to influence behavior. Our objective was to examine frontostriatal structure and neural processing of money value in chronic cocaine users and closely matched healthy controls. A reward task that manipulated different levels of money was used to isolate neural activity associated with money value. Gray matter volume measures were used to assess frontostriatal structure. Our results indicated that cocaine users had an abnormal money value signal in the sensorimotor striatum (right putamen/globus pallidus) that was negatively associated with accuracy adjustments to money and was more pronounced in individuals with more severe use. In parallel, group differences were also observed in both the function and gray matter volume of the ventromedial prefrontal cortex; in the cocaine users, the former was directly associated with response to money in the striatum. These results provide strong evidence for abnormalities in the neural mechanisms of valuation in addiction and link these functional abnormalities with deficits in brain structure. In addition, as value signals represent acquired associations, their abnormal processing in the sensorimotor striatum, a region centrally implicated in habit formation, could signal disadvantageous associative learning in cocaine addiction. C1 [Konova, Anna B.; Moeller, Scott J.; Tomasi, Dardo; Parvaz, Muhammad A.; Alia-Klein, Nelly; Goldstein, Rita Z.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Konova, Anna B.] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Psychol, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. [Tomasi, Dardo; Volkow, Nora D.] Natl Inst Alcohol & Alcoholism, Bethesda, MD USA. [Volkow, Nora D.] NIDA, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RP Goldstein, RZ (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM rgoldstein@bnl.gov RI Tomasi, Dardo/J-2127-2015; Moeller, Scott/L-5549-2016; OI Moeller, Scott/0000-0002-4449-0844; Parvaz, Muhammad/0000-0002-2671-2327 FU National Institute on Drug Abuse [1R01DA023579]; General Clinical Research Center [5-MO1-RR-10710]; Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC [DE-AC02-98CHI-886]; U.S. Department of Energy FX This work was supported by grants from the National Institute on Drug Abuse (grant no. 1R01DA023579 to R.Z.G.) and General Clinical Research Center (grant no. 5-MO1-RR-10710). This article has been authored by Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC under Contract no. DE-AC02-98CHI-886 with the U.S. Department of Energy. The United States Government retains, and the publisher, by accepting the article for publication, acknowledges, a world-wide license to publish or reproduce the published form of this manuscript, or allow others to do so, for the United States Government purposes. NR 71 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 2 U2 12 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0953-816X J9 EUR J NEUROSCI JI Eur. J. Neurosci. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 36 IS 7 BP 2979 EP 2988 DI 10.1111/j.1460-9568.2012.08211.x PG 10 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 015QI UT WOS:000309460600013 PM 22775285 ER PT J AU Jeromin, O Pattichis, MS AF Jeromin, Oliver Pattichis, Marios S. TI Multiscale Sampling Geometries and Methods for Deterministic and Stochastic Reconstructions of Magnitude and Phase Spectra of Satellite Imagery SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article DE Magnitude spectrum interpolation; phase spectrum interpolation ID RADAR INTERFEROMETRY; SAR INTERFEROMETRY; INTERPOLATION; TRANSFORM AB This paper presents new methods for phase and magnitude interpolation and demonstrates their usefulness in reconstructing images from a limited number of frequency samples. A collection of multiscale frequency domain sampling geometries are developed based on the partition of the spectrum into low-, medium-, and high-frequency blocks. A nonstationary statistical approach is introduced that is based on adaptively selecting the best stochastic model in each frequency block. To develop effective models, the magnitude spectrum is preprocessed using a logarithmic transformation. Phase interpolation requires preprocessing by an appropriate phase unwrapping method. The new stochastic interpolation method is compared against cubic spline, bilinear, and nearest neighbor interpolation methods. Image reconstruction results are presented for sampling rates that retain 6.01% to 28.91% of the 2-D fast Fourier transform (FFT) samples. Image interpolation methods are compared based on the peak signal-to-noise ratio and the mean structural similarity index for satellite images of rural, natural, and urban images. The results indicate that the stochastic (Kriging) interpolation approach provides the best rural image reconstructions using just 6.01% of the 2-D FFT samples. Bilinear interpolation also gave excellent reconstructions for natural and urban images. For natural and urban images, stochastic interpolation gave the best magnitude-only interpolation results. C1 [Jeromin, Oliver] Gentex Corp, Zeeland, MI 49464 USA. [Jeromin, Oliver] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [Jeromin, Oliver; Pattichis, Marios S.] Univ New Mexico, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. RP Jeromin, O (reprint author), Gentex Corp, Zeeland, MI 49464 USA. EM oliver.jeromin@gentex.com; pattichis@ece.unm.edu OI Pattichis, Marios/0000-0002-1574-1827 NR 41 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 9 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0196-2892 J9 IEEE T GEOSCI REMOTE JI IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing PD OCT PY 2012 VL 50 IS 10 BP 3678 EP 3692 DI 10.1109/TGRS.2012.2185805 PN 1 PG 15 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 014FV UT WOS:000309361500005 ER PT J AU Marino, N Hanson, SK Muller, P Doyle, RP AF Marino, Nadia Hanson, Susan K. Mueller, Peter Doyle, Robert P. TI Pyro without Fire: Synthesis, Structure, and Reactivity of a Dimeric Vanadyl Pyrophosphate Coordination Complex SO INORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID MECHANISTIC ASPECTS; AEROBIC OXIDATION; MALEIC-ANHYDRIDE; IN-SITU; TRANSFORMATION; (VO)(2)P2O7; CATALYST AB The complex {[((VO)-O-IV)bipy(H2O)](2)(mu-P2O7)}center dot 3H(2)O (2) was readily obtained as a nanocrystalline powder by one-pot synthesis under mild conditions. Single crystals of 2 were grown at room temperature over 2 months, and its structure was determined. Fundamental catalytic activity was proven for this species by testing for oxidation of benzyl alcohol in air. C1 [Marino, Nadia; Doyle, Robert P.] Syracuse Univ, Dept Chem, Syracuse, NY 13244 USA. [Marino, Nadia] Univ Calabria, Dipartimento Chim, I-87030 Cosenza, Italy. [Hanson, Susan K.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Chem, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. [Mueller, Peter] MIT, Dept Chem, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. RP Marino, N (reprint author), Syracuse Univ, Dept Chem, Syracuse, NY 13244 USA. EM nmarino@syr.edu; rpdoyle@syr.edu RI Muller, Peter/A-8858-2008; OI Muller, Peter/0000-0001-6530-3852; Marino, Nadia/0000-0002-7038-9715 FU Office of the Vice President for Research at Syracuse University; American Chemical Society [48999-DNI 3]; Fondo Sociale Europeo, POR Calabria FSE; National Science Foundation [CHE-0946721] FX R.P.D. acknowledges the Office of the Vice President for Research at Syracuse University for postdoctoral funding to N.M. and the American Chemical Society for a Doctoral New Investigator Award (48999-DNI 3). N.M. further acknowledges the Fondo Sociale Europeo, POR Calabria FSE 2007/2013, for partial funding. S.K.H. acknowledges Los Alamos National Laboratory (LDRD20110537ER). P.M. acknowledges the National Science Foundation for funding provided for the purchase of X-ray equipments (Grant CHE-0946721). NR 23 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 25 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0020-1669 J9 INORG CHEM JI Inorg. Chem. PD OCT 1 PY 2012 VL 51 IS 19 BP 10077 EP 10079 DI 10.1021/ic3015767 PG 3 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA 013ID UT WOS:000309298200005 PM 22974202 ER PT J AU Lukens, WW Magnani, N Booth, CH AF Lukens, Wayne W. Magnani, Nicola Booth, Corwin H. TI Application of the Hubbard Model to Cp-2* Yb(bipy), a Model System for Strong Exchange Coupling in Lanthanide Systems SO INORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID SINGLE-MOLECULE MAGNETS; GROUND-STATE; COMPLEXES; COORDINATION; RELAXATION; BEHAVIOR; IONS; DECAMETHYLYTTERBOCENE; BIPYRIDINES; TRANSITION AB Exchange coupling is quantified in lanthanide (Ln) single-molecule magnets (SMMs) containing a bridging N-2(3-) radical ligand and between [Cp*Yb-2](+) and bipy(center dot-) in Cp-2*Yb(bipy), where Cp* is pentamethylcyclopentadienyl and bipy is 2,2'-bipyridyl. In the case of these lanthanide SMMs, the magnitude of exchange coupling between the Ln ion and the bridging N-2(3-), 2J, is very similar to the barrier to magnetic relaxation, U-eff. A molecular version of the Hubbard model is applied to systems in which unpaired electrons on magnetic metal ions have direct overlap with unpaired electrons residing on ligands. The Hubbard model explicitly addresses electron correlation, which is essential for understanding the magnetic behavior of these complexes. This model is applied quantitatively to Cp-2*Yb(bipy) to explain its very strong exchange coupling, 2J = -0.11 eV (-920 cm(-1)). The model is also used to explain the presence of strong exchange coupling in Ln SMMs in which the lanthanide spins are coupled via bridging N-2(3-) radical ligands. The results suggest that increasing the magnetic coupling in lanthanide clusters could lead to an increase in the blocking temperatures of exchange-coupled lanthanide SMMs, suggesting routes to rational design of future lanthanide SMMs. C1 [Lukens, Wayne W.; Magnani, Nicola; Booth, Corwin H.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Lukens, WW (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM wwlukens@lbl.gov FU Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory LDRD program; Office of Science, of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX The authors thank Richard Andersen for many helpful discussions about the chemistry and magnetism of organometallic complexes, especially 3, and for a critical review of this manuscript. We gratefully acknowledge the support of the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory LDRD program. This work was supported by the Director, Office of Science, of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. NR 48 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 1 U2 32 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0020-1669 J9 INORG CHEM JI Inorg. Chem. PD OCT 1 PY 2012 VL 51 IS 19 BP 10105 EP 10110 DI 10.1021/ic300037q PG 6 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA 013ID UT WOS:000309298200012 PM 22988887 ER PT J AU Ball, GE Andersen, RA AF Ball, Graham E. Andersen, Richard A. TI Stereodynamics in Eight-Coordination; A 2D NMR Spectroscopic and Computational Study of the Exchange Process in ThCl4(Me2NCH2CH2NMe2)(2) SO INORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID NUCLEAR-MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; CONFORMATIONAL-ANALYSIS; LOW-TEMPERATURE; RING INVERSION; SCALE FACTORS; THORIUM; COMPLEXES; PSEUDOPOTENTIALS; THERMOCHEMISTRY; REACTIVITY AB The C-13{H-1} NMR spectrum of eight-coordinate ThCl4(tmed)(2), where tmed = Me2NCH2CH2NMe2, shows that two isomers are present at 219.8 K in a ratio of approximate to 8:1 and inversion of the five-membered Th-tmed ring is slow at this temperature in both isomers. The 2D C-13(H-1) exchange spectroscopy (EXSY) spectrum shows that each of the two inequivalent methyl groups of the major isomer does not exchange directly with each other but that they both exchange with both of the two inequivalent methyl groups found in the minor isomer. This implies that interconversion of the two enantiomers of the major isomer proceeds by a stepwise process that involves the minor isomer. The interconversion of the isomers involves a ring-inversion process that may proceed with or without Th-N bond breaking, and the NMR spectra cannot distinguish between these two processes nor can density functional theory (DFT) calculations (B3PW91 and M06 with consideration of dispersion effects and solvent) because these two possibilities proceed by way of transition states of similar energies in this case. C1 [Ball, Graham E.] Univ New S Wales, Sch Chem, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia. [Andersen, Richard A.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Andersen, Richard A.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Ball, GE (reprint author), Univ New S Wales, Sch Chem, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia. EM g.ball@unsw.edu.au; raandersen@lbl.gov RI Ball, Graham/L-6638-2015 OI Ball, Graham/0000-0002-0716-2286 FU Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences (OBES), of the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; Merit Allocation Scheme through INTERSECT on the Australian NCI National Facility FX This work was supported by the Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences (OBES), of the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) under Contract DE-AC02-05CH11231. Computational work was supported by an award under the Merit Allocation Scheme through INTERSECT on the Australian NCI National Facility. The authors thank Drs. Mark Petrie, Marc Weydert, and Wayne Lukens for their help with sample preparation. NR 48 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 12 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0020-1669 EI 1520-510X J9 INORG CHEM JI Inorg. Chem. PD OCT 1 PY 2012 VL 51 IS 19 BP 10141 EP 10147 DI 10.1021/ic300586f PG 7 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA 013ID UT WOS:000309298200017 PM 22991964 ER PT J AU Phelan, WA Kangas, MJ McCandless, GT Drake, BL Haldolaarachchige, N Zhao, LL Wang, JKK Wang, XPP Young, DP Morosan, E Hoffmann, C Chan, JY AF Phelan, W. Adam Kangas, Michael J. McCandless, Gregory T. Drake, Brenton L. Haldolaarachchige, Neel Zhao, Liang L. Wang, Jiakui K. Wang, Xiaoping P. Young, David P. Morosan, Emilia Hoffmann, Christina Chan, Julia Y. TI Synthesis, Structure, and Physical Properties of Ln(Cu,Al,Ga)(13-x) (Ln = La-Pr, and Eu) and Eu(Cu,Al)(13-x) SO INORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID FERMION SUPERCONDUCTOR UBE13; HEAVY-ELECTRON METALS; MAGNETOCALORIC MATERIALS; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; RARE-EARTH; INTERMETALLICS; GROWTH; CHEMISTRY; URANIUM; SYSTEM AB Ln(Cu,Al,Ga)(13-x) (Ln = La-Pr, and Eu; x similar to 0.2) were synthesized by a combined Al/Ga flux. Single crystal X-ray and neutron diffraction experiments revealed that these compounds crystallize in the NaZn13 structure-type (space group Fm (3) over barc) with lattice parameters of a similar to 12 angstrom, V similar to 1600 angstrom, and Z similar to 8. Our final neutron models led us to conclude that Cu is occupationally disordered on the 8b Wyckoff site while Cu, Al, and Ga are substitutionally disordered on the 96i Wyckoff site of this well-known structure-type. The magnetic susceptibility data show that Ce(Cu,Al,Ga)(13-x) and Pr(Cu,Al,Ga)(13-x) exhibit paramagnetic behavior down to the lowest temperatures measured while Eu(Cu,Al,Ga)(13-x) displays ferromagnetic behavior below 6 K. Eu(Cu,Al)(13-x) was prepared via arc-melting and orders ferromagnetically below 8 K. The magnetocaloric properties of Eu(Cu,Al,Ga)(13-x) and Eu(Cu,Al)(13-x) were measured and compared. Additionally, an enhanced value of the Sommerfeld coefficient (gamma = 356 mJ/mol-K-2) was determined for Pr(Cu,Al,Ga)(13-x). Herein, we present the synthesis, structural refinement details, and physical properties of Ln(Cu,Al,Ga)(13-x) (Ln = La-Pr, and Eu) and Eu(Cu,Al)(13-x). C1 [Phelan, W. Adam; Kangas, Michael J.; McCandless, Gregory T.; Drake, Brenton L.; Chan, Julia Y.] Louisiana State Univ, Dept Chem, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Haldolaarachchige, Neel; Young, David P.] Louisiana State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Zhao, Liang L.; Wang, Jiakui K.; Morosan, Emilia] Rice Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Houston, TX 77005 USA. [Wang, Xiaoping P.; Hoffmann, Christina] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Neutron Sci Directorate, Chem & Engn Mat Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Chan, JY (reprint author), Louisiana State Univ, Dept Chem, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. EM jchan@lsu.edu RI Haldolaarachchige, Neel/E-3773-2010; Wang, Xiaoping/E-8050-2012; hoffmann, christina/D-2292-2016; Chan, Julia/C-5392-2008; OI Haldolaarachchige, Neel/0000-0002-4681-4144; Wang, Xiaoping/0000-0001-7143-8112; hoffmann, christina/0000-0002-7222-5845; Chan, Julia/0000-0003-4434-2160; Kangas, Michael/0000-0001-6558-6928 FU National Science Foundation (NSF) [DMR1063735, DMR1005764, DMR0847681]; Division of Scientific User Facilities, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC05-00OR22725]; UT Battelle, LLC; EPSCoR Travel Fellowship; Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, through the EPSCoR [DE-FG02-08ER46528]; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX J.Y.C. would like to acknowledge support for this research from the National Science Foundation (NSF) through DMR1063735. D.P.Y acknowledges support from the NSF under Grant DMR1005764. E.M. acknowledges support from the NSF under Grant DMR0847681. The neutron diffraction data were collected at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory's Spallation Neutron Source; supported by the Division of Scientific User Facilities, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy, under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725 with UT Battelle, LLC. W.A.P., M.J.K, and G.T.M. would like to acknowledge the EPSCoR Travel Fellowship for traveling assistance. Funding for the EPSCoR Travel Fellowship is provided by the Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, through the EPSCoR Grant DE-FG02-08ER46528 to the University of Tennessee. Use of the Advanced Photon Source at Argonne National Laboratory was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. NR 55 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 32 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0020-1669 J9 INORG CHEM JI Inorg. Chem. PD OCT 1 PY 2012 VL 51 IS 19 BP 10193 EP 10202 DI 10.1021/ic301024t PG 10 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA 013ID UT WOS:000309298200023 PM 22963342 ER PT J AU Trattner, KJ Petrinec, SM Fuselier, SA Friedel, R AF Trattner, K. J. Petrinec, S. M. Fuselier, S. A. Friedel, R. TI Investigating the relationship between cusp energetic particle events and cusp diamagnetic cavities SO JOURNAL OF ATMOSPHERIC AND SOLAR-TERRESTRIAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Cusp; Energetic particles; Precipitating ions; Magnetic reconnection ID EARTHS BOW SHOCK; HIGH-ALTITUDE CUSP; LATITUDE BOUNDARY-LAYER; ULF POWER SPECTRA; MAGNETOSPHERIC CUSP; DAYSIDE MAGNETOPAUSE; ACCELERATION REGION; POLAR CUSP; MEV HELIUM; IONS AB The magnetospheric cusps in the high latitude magnetosphere are characterized by open field lines and precipitating magnetosheath ions. Contrary to the well-understood precipitating thermal magnetosheath ion population, the origins of energetic ions in the cusp regions are still a matter of controversy. It has been suggested that these cusp energetic particles (CEP) with significant fluxes up to several hundred keV/e are accelerated in the cusp by local magnetic turbulence in strongly depressed magnetic field regions called cusp diamagnetic cavities (CDC). Alternative explanations for these CEP events suggest the magnetosphere and also the quasi-parallel bow shock from where energetic ions are transported downstream and enter the cusp along newly reconnected field lines. Composition and energy spectra of these CEPs resemble those of bow shock energetic diffuse ions and support this model. In this study we investigate the relationship between CEP events and CDCs. The survey contains 822 high altitude cusp crossings observed by the TIMAS instrument on the Polar spacecraft for which we document local magnetic field conditions and the flux of energetic ions at 102 keV and 191 keV. We find that high fluxes of energetic ions are independent of the local magnetic field conditions. This lack of correlation between CEP and CDCs suggests that the source of these energetic ions is not local acceleration in the cusp. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Trattner, K. J.; Petrinec, S. M.; Fuselier, S. A.] ADCS, Lockheed Martin Adv Technol Ctr, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA. [Friedel, R.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Trattner, KJ (reprint author), ADCS, Lockheed Martin Adv Technol Ctr, 3251 Hanover St,B255, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA. EM trattner@spasci.com RI Friedel, Reiner/D-1410-2012 OI Friedel, Reiner/0000-0002-5228-0281 FU NASA [NNG05GE93G, NNX08AF35G, NNG05GE15G]; National Science Foundation [0503201] FX We acknowledge the use of ISTP KP database. Solar wind observations were provided by K. Ogilvie at NASA/GSFC (Wind/SWE), magnetic field observations were provided by R. Lepping at NASA/GSFC (Wind/MFI). The work at Lockheed Martin was supported by NASA contracts NNG05GE93G, NNX08AF35G, NNG05GE15G and a Grant by the National Science Foundation under Grant no. 0503201. NR 53 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1364-6826 J9 J ATMOS SOL-TERR PHY JI J. Atmos. Sol.-Terr. Phys. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 87-88 SI SI BP 56 EP 64 DI 10.1016/j.jastp.2011.08.004 PG 9 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 017EN UT WOS:000309573000008 ER PT J AU Susanti, D Johnson, EF Rodriguez, JR Anderson, I Perevalova, AA Kyrpides, N Lucas, S Han, J Lapidus, A Cheng, JF Goodwin, L Pitluck, S Mavrommatis, K Peters, L Land, ML Hauser, L Gopalan, V Chan, PP Lowe, TM Atomi, H Bonch-Osmolovskaya, EA Woyke, T Mukhopadhyay, B AF Susanti, Dwi Johnson, Eric F. Rodriguez, Jason R. Anderson, Iain Perevalova, Anna A. Kyrpides, Nikos Lucas, Susan Han, James Lapidus, Alla Cheng, Jan-Fang Goodwin, Lynne Pitluck, Sam Mavrommatis, Konstantinos Peters, Lin Land, Miriam L. Hauser, Loren Gopalan, Venkat Chan, Patricia P. Lowe, Todd M. Atomi, Haruyuki Bonch-Osmolovskaya, Elizaveta A. Woyke, Tanja Mukhopadhyay, Biswarup TI Complete Genome Sequence of Desulfurococcus fermentans, a Hyperthermophilic Cellulolytic Crenarchaeon Isolated from a Freshwater Hot Spring in Kamchatka, Russia SO JOURNAL OF BACTERIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID GENUS DESULFUROCOCCUS; SP NOV.; ARCHAEON; SULFUR AB Desulfurococcus fermentans is the first known cellulolytic archaeon. This hyperthermophilic and strictly anaerobic crenarchaeon produces hydrogen from fermentation of various carbohydrates and peptides without inhibition by accumulating hydrogen. The complete genome sequence reported here suggested that D. fermentans employs membrane-bound hydrogenases and novel glycohydrolases for hydrogen production from cellulose. C1 [Susanti, Dwi; Johnson, Eric F.; Rodriguez, Jason R.; Perevalova, Anna A.; Mukhopadhyay, Biswarup] Virginia Tech, Virginia Bioinformat Inst, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Susanti, Dwi] Virginia Tech, Genet Bioinformat & Computat Biol Grad Program, Blacksburg, VA USA. [Rodriguez, Jason R.; Mukhopadhyay, Biswarup] Virginia Tech, Dept Biochem, Blacksburg, VA USA. [Anderson, Iain; Kyrpides, Nikos; Lucas, Susan; Han, James; Lapidus, Alla; Cheng, Jan-Fang; Goodwin, Lynne; Pitluck, Sam; Mavrommatis, Konstantinos; Peters, Lin; Land, Miriam L.; Hauser, Loren; Woyke, Tanja] US DOE, Joint Genome Inst, Walnut Creek, CA USA. [Perevalova, Anna A.; Bonch-Osmolovskaya, Elizaveta A.] Russian Acad Sci, Winogradsky Inst Microbiol, Moscow, Russia. [Goodwin, Lynne] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div Genome Sci, Los Alamos, NM USA. [Land, Miriam L.; Hauser, Loren] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Oak Ridge, TN USA. [Gopalan, Venkat] Ohio State Univ, Dept Biochem, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Gopalan, Venkat] Ohio State Univ, Ctr RNA Biol, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Chan, Patricia P.; Lowe, Todd M.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Biomol Engn, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Atomi, Haruyuki] Kyoto Univ, Grad Sch Engn, Dept Synthet Chem & Biol Chem, Kyoto, Japan. [Mukhopadhyay, Biswarup] Virginia Tech, Dept Biol Sci, Blacksburg, VA USA. RP Mukhopadhyay, B (reprint author), Virginia Tech, Virginia Bioinformat Inst, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. EM biswarup@vt.edu RI Lapidus, Alla/I-4348-2013; Land, Miriam/A-6200-2011; Kyrpides, Nikos/A-6305-2014 OI Lapidus, Alla/0000-0003-0427-8731; Land, Miriam/0000-0001-7102-0031; Kyrpides, Nikos/0000-0002-6131-0462 FU Community Sequencing Program (CSP) of the U.S. Department of Energy's Joint Genome Institute (DOE-JGI); Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; NASA Astrobiology: Exobiology and Evolutionary Biology [NNG05GP24G, NNX09AV28G]; National Science Foundation [MCB 1020458]; Virginia Tech Genetics, Bioinformatics and Computational Biology Ph.D. program; program of the Russian Academy of Sciences "Molecular and Cell Biology"; American Society for Microbiology; Fulbright Scholar award FX This project has been supported by the Community Sequencing Program (CSP) of the U.S. Department of Energy's Joint Genome Institute (DOE-JGI). The sequencing, assembly, and analysis work at the DOE-JGI was supported by the Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy under contract no. DE-AC02-05CH11231. D.S. and J.R.R. were supported by NASA Astrobiology: Exobiology and Evolutionary Biology grants NNG05GP24G and NNX09AV28G and National Science Foundation grant MCB 1020458 to B.M. D.S. also received a graduate fellowship from the Virginia Tech Genetics, Bioinformatics and Computational Biology Ph.D. program. E.A.B.-O. and A.A.P. were supported by the program of the Russian Academy of Sciences "Molecular and Cell Biology." A.A.P.'s collaborative research visits to B.M.'s laboratory at the Virginia Bioinformatics Institute were supported by a 2010 International Fellowship for Asia from the American Society for Microbiology and a Fulbright Scholar award in 2012. NR 9 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0021-9193 J9 J BACTERIOL JI J. Bacteriol. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 194 IS 20 BP 5703 EP 5704 DI 10.1128/JB.01314-12 PG 2 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 016AV UT WOS:000309490600030 PM 23012283 ER PT J AU Ghan, SJ Liu, X Easter, RC Zaveri, R Rasch, PJ Yoon, JH Eaton, B AF Ghan, S. J. Liu, X. Easter, R. C. Zaveri, R. Rasch, P. J. Yoon, J. -H. Eaton, B. TI Toward a Minimal Representation of Aerosols in Climate Models: Comparative Decomposition of Aerosol Direct, Semidirect, and Indirect Radiative Forcing SO JOURNAL OF CLIMATE LA English DT Article ID COMMUNITY ATMOSPHERE MODEL; CLOUD MICROPHYSICS SCHEME; BLACK CARBON; ICE NUCLEATION; MIXING STATE; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; QUADRATURE METHOD; ORGANIC-MATTER; VERSION-3 CAM3; GLOBAL-MODELS AB The authors have decomposed the anthropogenic aerosol radiative forcing into direct contributions from each aerosol species to the planetary energy balance through absorption and scattering of solar radiation, indirect effects of anthropogenic aerosol on solar and infrared radiation through droplet and crystal nucleation on aerosol, and semidirect effects through the influence of solar absorption on the distribution of clouds. A three-mode representation of the aerosol in version 5.1 of the Community Atmosphere Model (CAM5.1) yields global annual mean radiative forcing estimates for each of these forcing mechanisms that are within 0.1 W m(-2) of estimates using a more complex seven-mode representation that distinguishes between fresh and aged black carbon and primary organic matter. Simulating fresh black carbon particles separately from internally mixed accumulation mode particles is found to be important only near fossil fuel sources. In addition to the usual large indirect effect on solar radiation, this study finds an unexpectedly large positive longwave indirect effect (because of enhanced cirrus produced by homogenous nucleation of ice crystals on anthropogenic sulfate), small shortwave and longwave semidirect effects, and a small direct effect (because of cancelation and interactions of direct effects of black carbon and sulfate). Differences between the three-mode and seven-mode versions are significantly larger (up to 0.2 W m(-2)) when the hygroscopicity of primary organic matter is decreased from 0.1 to 0 and transfer of the primary carbonaceous aerosol to the accumulation mode in the seven-mode version requires more hygroscopic material coating the primary particles. Radiative forcing by cloudborne anthropogenic black carbon is only -0.07 W m(-2). C1 [Ghan, S. J.; Liu, X.; Easter, R. C.; Zaveri, R.; Rasch, P. J.; Yoon, J. -H.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Eaton, B.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. RP Ghan, SJ (reprint author), Mail Stop K9-30,POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM steve.ghan@pnnl.gov RI YOON, JIN-HO/A-1672-2009; Liu, Xiaohong/E-9304-2011; Ghan, Steven/H-4301-2011; OI YOON, JIN-HO/0000-0002-4939-8078; Liu, Xiaohong/0000-0002-3994-5955; Ghan, Steven/0000-0001-8355-8699; Zaveri, Rahul/0000-0001-9874-8807 FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Scientific Discovery through Advanced Computing (SciDAC) Program; Office of Science Earth System Modeling Program; National Science Foundation; Office of Science (BER) of the U.S. Department of Energy; DOE by Battelle Memorial Institute [DE-AC06-76RLO 1830] FX This work was funded by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Scientific Discovery through Advanced Computing (SciDAC) Program and by the Office of Science Earth System Modeling Program. The CESM project is supported by the National Science Foundation and the Office of Science (BER) of the U.S. Department of Energy. Computing resources were provided by the Climate Simulation Laboratory at NCAR's Computational and Information Systems Laboratory (CISL), sponsored by the National Science Foundation and other agencies. The Pacific Northwest National Laboratory is operated for DOE by Battelle Memorial Institute under Contract DE-AC06-76RLO 1830. NR 77 TC 79 Z9 80 U1 6 U2 81 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0894-8755 EI 1520-0442 J9 J CLIMATE JI J. Clim. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 25 IS 19 BP 6461 EP 6476 DI 10.1175/JCLI-D-11-00650.1 PG 16 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 018IO UT WOS:000309653800001 ER PT J AU Riihimaki, LD McFarlane, SA Comstock, JM AF Riihimaki, Laura D. McFarlane, Sally A. Comstock, Jennifer M. TI Climatology and Formation of Tropical Midlevel Clouds at the Darwin ARM Site SO JOURNAL OF CLIMATE LA English DT Article ID MIXED-PHASE CLOUDS; MADDEN-JULIAN OSCILLATION; AUSTRALIAN WET SEASON; MELTING-LAYER CLOUD; REMOTE SENSORS; DIURNAL CYCLE; RADAR; SIMULATIONS; CONVECTION; MODELS AB A 4-yr climatology of midlevel clouds is presented from vertically pointing cloud lidar and radar measurements at the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement Program (ARM) site at Darwin, Australia. Few studies exist of tropical midlevel clouds using a dataset of this length. Seventy percent of clouds with top heights between 4 and 8 km are less than 2 km thick. These thin layer clouds have a peak in cloud-top temperature around the melting level (0 degrees C) and also a second peak around -12.5 degrees C. The diurnal frequency of thin clouds is highest during the night and reaches a minimum around noon, consistent with variation caused by solar heating. Using a 1.5-yr subset of the observations, the authors found that thin clouds have a high probability of containing supercooled liquid water at low temperatures: similar to 20% of clouds at -30 degrees C, similar to 50% of clouds at -20 degrees C, and similar to 65% of clouds at -10 degrees C contain supercooled liquid water. The authors hypothesize that thin midlevel clouds formed at the melting level are formed differently during active and break monsoon periods and test this over three monsoon seasons. A greater frequency of thin midlevel clouds are likely formed by increased condensation following the latent cooling of melting during active monsoon periods when stratiform precipitation is most frequent. This is supported by the high percentage (65%) of midlevel clouds with preceding stratiform precipitation and the high frequency of stable layers slightly warmer than 0 degrees C. In the break monsoon, a distinct peak in the frequency of stable layers at 0 degrees C matches the peak in thin midlevel cloudiness, consistent with detrainment from convection. C1 [Riihimaki, Laura D.; McFarlane, Sally A.; Comstock, Jennifer M.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Riihimaki, LD (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM laura.riihimaki@pnnl.gov NR 47 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 11 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0894-8755 EI 1520-0442 J9 J CLIMATE JI J. Clim. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 25 IS 19 BP 6835 EP 6850 DI 10.1175/JCLI-D-11-00599.1 PG 16 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 018IO UT WOS:000309653800024 ER PT J AU Lee, TH Park, CY Lee, G Dorris, SE Balachandran, U AF Lee, Tae H. Park, Chan Y. Lee, Geunhee Dorris, Stephen E. Balachandran, U. (Balu) TI Hydrogen transport properties of palladium film prepared by colloidal spray deposition SO JOURNAL OF MEMBRANE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Palladium thin film; Hydrogen permeation; Hydrogen separation membrane; Colloidal spray deposition ID POROUS STAINLESS-STEEL; CONCENTRATION POLARIZATION; COMPOSITE MEMBRANE; METALLIC MEMBRANES; ALLOY MEMBRANES; PERMEATION; SEPARATION; PD; FABRICATION; DIFFUSION AB Palladium films were fabricated by a novel colloidal spray deposition method. Dense, crack-free Pd films with thickness of 5-11 mu m were successfully fabricated on porous yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) substrates having pore size of 3-7 mu m. Scanning electron microscopy showed that the film has uniform thickness and is well bonded to the substrate. The surface oft he Pd film is composed of well-crystallized plate-like grains with diameter of 2-4 mu m and has a rough texture. The X-ray diffraction pattern of the as-sintered Pd film indicates (111) preferred crystal orientation. The hydrogen permeation properties of the films were investigated at temperatures of 330-530 degrees C using 90% H-2/balance He and N-2 as feed and sweep gases, respectively. The hydrogen permeation of the supported Pd films with thickness of 5-11 mu m was limited by both the diffusion of hydrogen through the metal bulk and the gas-phase transport through the support. The resistance of the gas-phase transport through the substrate was lowered significantly by reducing the thickness of the substrate. (c) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Lee, Tae H.; Park, Chan Y.; Dorris, Stephen E.; Balachandran, U. (Balu)] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Energy Syst, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Lee, Geunhee] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Lee, TH (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Energy Syst, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM thlee@anl.gov RI Lee, Geunhee/F-6559-2010 OI Lee, Geunhee/0000-0002-3488-8963 FU US Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Fossil Energy, National Energy Technology Laboratory's Advanced Fuels Program [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX This work was supported by US Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Fossil Energy, National Energy Technology Laboratory's Advanced Fuels Program, under Contract DE-AC02-06CH11357. NR 28 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0376-7388 J9 J MEMBRANE SCI JI J. Membr. Sci. PD OCT 1 PY 2012 VL 415 BP 199 EP 204 DI 10.1016/j.memsci.2012.04.052 PG 6 WC Engineering, Chemical; Polymer Science SC Engineering; Polymer Science GA 985GJ UT WOS:000307251100024 ER PT J AU Berchtold, KA Singh, RP Young, JS Dudeck, KW AF Berchtold, Kathryn A. Singh, Rajinder P. Young, Jennifer S. Dudeck, Kevin W. TI Polybenzimidazole composite membranes for high temperature synthesis gas separations SO JOURNAL OF MEMBRANE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Polybenzimidazole thin films; Organic-inorganic composites; Pre-combustion carbon capture; Synthesis gas; Hydrogen separation membrane; IGCC ID CO2 SEPARATION; PBI MEMBRANE; HYDROGEN; CAPTURE; ENHANCEMENT; PERFORMANCE; ECONOMY AB High temperature gas separation techniques are of great interest for reduction in green-house gas emissions from hydrocarbon fuels such as natural gas, coal or biomass used in power and chemical industry. In this work, a robust industrially viable polybenzimidazole (PBI)/stainless steel composite membrane is developed and evaluated for syngas separations at elevated temperatures for H-2 production. A single tube laboratory scale PBI membrane module is tested for H-2/CO2 perm-selectivity in pure and simulated dry syngas environments at industrially relevant operating conditions. Additionally, the effects of pressure and temperature on membrane performance are evaluated. The PBI composite membrane demonstrated exceptional long term thermo-chemical stability in the syngas environment even in the presence of H2S and excellent separation performance for H-2 over the other syngas components. The H-2 permeance and H-2/CO2 selectivity for the PBI composite membrane in simulated dry syngas was recorded at 7 GPU (approximately, 88 barrer) and 47, respectively. In comparison to the other H-2-selective polymeric membranes, the PBI composite membrane's performance exceeded the 2008 Robeson upper bound for the H-2/CO2 permeability versus selectivity. (c) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Berchtold, Kathryn A.; Singh, Rajinder P.; Dudeck, Kevin W.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Carbon Capture & Separat Energy Applicat CaSEA La, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Young, Jennifer S.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Appl Phys, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Berchtold, KA (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Carbon Capture & Separat Energy Applicat CaSEA La, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM berchtold@lanl.gov OI Singh, Rajinder/0000-0003-4634-4290 FU U.S. DOE National Energy Technology Sequestration Program; DOE/NNSA [DE-AC52-06NA25396]; LANL [LA-UR-12-10243] FX This project supports the U.S. DOE National Energy Technology Sequestration Program project portfolio focused on the capture and separation of CO2 from the power sector. The authors gratefully acknowledge the U.S. DOE National Energy Technology Sequestration Program for financial support of the presented work. Los Alamos National Laboratory is operated by Los Alamos National Security, LLC for DOE/NNSA under Contract DE-AC52-06NA25396. The LANL identifier for this paper is LA-UR-12-10243. The authors gratefully acknowledge Pall Corporation Research and Development at Cortland, NY for their collaborative efforts especially those related to the polymer composite membrane fabrication and their fabrication of the membrane utilized in the studies reported in this paper. NR 30 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 3 U2 61 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0376-7388 J9 J MEMBRANE SCI JI J. Membr. Sci. PD OCT 1 PY 2012 VL 415 BP 265 EP 270 DI 10.1016/j.memsci.2012.05.005 PG 6 WC Engineering, Chemical; Polymer Science SC Engineering; Polymer Science GA 985GJ UT WOS:000307251100033 ER PT J AU Angel, TE Jacobs, JM Smith, RP Pasternack, MS Elias, S Gritsenko, MA Shukla, A Gilmore, EC McCarthy, C Camp, DG Smith, RD Warren, HS AF Angel, Thomas E. Jacobs, Jon M. Smith, Robert P. Pasternack, Mark S. Elias, Susan Gritsenko, Marina A. Shukla, Anil Gilmore, Edward C. McCarthy, Carol Camp, David G., II Smith, Richard D. Warren, H. Shaw TI Cerebrospinal Fluid Proteome of Patients with Acute Lyme Disease SO JOURNAL OF PROTEOME RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE proteomics; mass spectrometry; Lyme disease; cerebrospinal fluid; Lyme neuroborreliosis ID BORRELIA-BURGDORFERI; NEUROBORRELIOSIS; PATHOGENESIS; INFLAMMATION; DEGRADATION; BIOMARKERS; INFECTION; PROTEINS; CD44; MASS AB During acute Lyme disease, bacteria can disseminate to the central nervous system (CNS), leading to the development of meningitis and other neurologic symptoms. Here we have analyzed pooled cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) allowing a deep view into the proteome for patients diagnosed with early disseminated Lyme disease and CSF inflammation. Additionally, we analyzed individual patient samples and quantified differences in protein abundance employing label-free quantitative mass spectrometry-based methods. We identified 108 proteins that differ significantly in abundance in patients with acute Lyme disease from controls. Comparison between infected patients and control subjects revealed differences in proteins in the CSF associated with cell death localized to brain synapses and others that likely originate from brain parenchyma. C1 [Angel, Thomas E.; Jacobs, Jon M.; Gritsenko, Marina A.; Shukla, Anil; Camp, David G., II; Smith, Richard D.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Biol Sci, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Smith, Robert P.; Elias, Susan; McCarthy, Carol] Maine Med Ctr, Res Inst, Vector Borne Dis Lab, Portland, ME 04106 USA. [Pasternack, Mark S.; Warren, H. Shaw] Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Dept Pediat, Infect Dis Unit, Boston, MA 02114 USA. [Pasternack, Mark S.; Warren, H. Shaw] Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Dept Med, Infect Dis Unit, Boston, MA 02114 USA. [Gilmore, Edward C.] Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Dept Neurol, Boston, MA 02114 USA. RP Smith, RD (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Biol Sci, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM RDS@pnnl.gov RI Smith, Richard/J-3664-2012 OI Smith, Richard/0000-0002-2381-2349 FU National Center for Research Resources [5P41RR018522-10]; National Institute of General Medical Sciences from the National Institutes of Health [8 P41 GM103493-10]; NIH [AI059010]; Shriners Hospital for Crippled Children [87200]; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC05-76RLO 1830] FX This research was supported by grants from the National Center for Research Resources (5P41RR018522-10) and the National Institute of General Medical Sciences (8 P41 GM103493-10) from the National Institutes of Health to R.D.S.), and by NIH grant AI059010 and grant 87200 from the Shriners Hospital for Crippled Children to H.S.W. The analytical work was performed in the Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, U.S. Department of Energy Office of Biological and Environmental Research national scientific user facility located at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory in Richland, Washington. Pacific Northwest National Laboratory is operated by Battelle for the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC05-76RLO 1830. Additional support for clinical sample acquisition was provided by the Maine Medical Center Neuroscience Institute. The authors acknowledge the assistance of Drs. Mark Eggena and Cheryl Liechty in provision of Penobscot Bay Medical Center, Rockland Maine in the provision of cerebrospinal fluid samples. NR 45 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1535-3893 J9 J PROTEOME RES JI J. Proteome Res. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 11 IS 10 BP 4814 EP 4822 DI 10.1021/pr300577p PG 9 WC Biochemical Research Methods SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 015JA UT WOS:000309441000005 PM 22900834 ER PT J AU Foss, EJ Radulovic, D Stirewalt, DL Radich, J Sala-Torra, O Pogosova-Agadjanyan, EL Hengel, SM Loeb, KR Deeg, HJ Meshinchi, S Goodlett, DR Bedalov, A AF Foss, Eric J. Radulovic, Dragan Stirewalt, Derek L. Radich, Jerald Sala-Torra, Olga Pogosova-Agadjanyan, Era L. Hengel, Shawna M. Loeb, Keith R. Deeg, H. Joachim Meshinchi, Soheil Goodlett, David R. Bedalov, Antonio TI Proteomic Classification of Acute Leukemias by Alignment-Based Quantitation of LC-MS/MS Data Sets SO JOURNAL OF PROTEOME RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE leukemia; mass-spectrometry; biomarkers; alignment-based quantification ID METHYLATION PROFILING REVEALS; ACUTE MYELOID-LEUKEMIA; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; DNA METHYLATION; PROSTATE-CANCER; PROTEIN; SOFTWARE; GENOME; MS; QUANTIFICATION AB Despite immense interest in the proteome as a source of bio-markers in cancer, mass spectrometry has yet to yield a clinically useful protein biomarker for tumor classification. To explore the potential of a particular class of mass spectrometry-based quantitation approaches, label-free alignment of liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) data sets, for the identification of biomarkers for acute leukemias, we asked whether a label-free alignment algorithm could distinguish known classes of leukemias on the basis of their proteomes. This approach to quantitation involves (1) computational alignment of MS1 peptide peaks across large numbers of samples; (2) measurement of the relative abundance of peptides across samples by integrating the area under the curve of the MS1 peaks; and (3) assignment of peptide IDs to those quantified peptide peaks on the basis of the corresponding MS2 spectra. We extracted proteins from blasts derived from four patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML, acute leukemia of myeloid lineage) and five patients with acute lymphoid leukemia (ALL, acute leukemia of lymphoid lineage). Mobilized CD34+ cells purified from peripheral blood of six healthy donors and mononuclear cells (MNC) from the peripheral blood of two healthy donors were used as healthy controls. Proteins were analyzed by LC-MS/MS and quantified with a label-free alignment-based algorithm developed in our laboratory. Unsupervised hierarchical clustering of blinded samples separated the samples according to their known biological characteristics, with each sample group forming a discrete cluster. The four proteins best able to distinguish CD34+, AML, and ALL were all either known biomarkers or proteins whose biological functions are consistent with their ability to distinguish these classes. We conclude that alignment-based label-free quantitation of LC-MS/MS data sets can, at least in some cases, robustly distinguish known classes of leukemias, thus opening the possibility that large scale studies using such algorithms can lead to the identification of clinically useful biomarkers. C1 [Radulovic, Dragan] Florida Atlantic Univ, Dept Math Sci, Boca Raton, FL 33431 USA. [Foss, Eric J.; Stirewalt, Derek L.; Radich, Jerald; Sala-Torra, Olga; Pogosova-Agadjanyan, Era L.; Loeb, Keith R.; Deeg, H. Joachim; Meshinchi, Soheil; Bedalov, Antonio] Fred Hutchinson Canc Res Ctr, Div Clin Res, Seattle, WA 98109 USA. [Hengel, Shawna M.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Hengel, Shawna M.; Goodlett, David R.] Univ Washington, Dept Med Chem, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Radulovic, D (reprint author), Florida Atlantic Univ, Dept Math Sci, Boca Raton, FL 33431 USA. EM radul@fau.edu; abedalov@fhcrc.org FU NIH [UL1RR025014, CA015704, CA129132, CA164545]; University of Washington's Proteomics Resource [UWPR95794]; [5R33CA099139-04] FX We thank Priska Von Haller for help with mass spectrometry, Martin Morgan for computational advice, Phil Gafken for helpful discussions, and Vid Leko for comments on the manuscript. This work was funded by NIH Grants UL1RR025014, CA015704, CA129132, and CA164545 to A.B. and 5R33CA099139-04 to D.R.G. This work was also supported in part by the University of Washington's Proteomics Resource (UWPR95794). NR 36 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 10 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1535-3893 J9 J PROTEOME RES JI J. Proteome Res. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 11 IS 10 BP 5005 EP 5010 DI 10.1021/pr300567r PG 6 WC Biochemical Research Methods SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 015JA UT WOS:000309441000022 PM 22900933 ER PT J AU Poznanski, D Prochaska, JX Bloom, JS AF Poznanski, Dovi Prochaska, J. Xavier Bloom, Joshua S. TI An empirical relation between sodium absorption and dust extinction SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE ISM: atoms; dust; extinction ID DIGITAL SKY SURVEY; INTERSTELLAR GAS; NA-I; SUPERNOVA; GALAXY; LINES; MAPS AB Dust extinction and reddening are ubiquitous in astronomical observations and are often a major source of systematic uncertainty. We present here a study of the correlation between extinction in the Milky Way and the equivalent width of the Na?i?D absorption doublet. Our sample includes more than 100 high-resolution spectra from the Keck telescopes and nearly a million low-resolution spectra from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS). We measure the correlation to unprecedented precision, constrain its shape and derive an empirical relation between these quantities with a dispersion of the order of 0.15 mag in E(B - V). From the shape of the curve of growth we further show that a typical sight line through the Galaxy, as seen within the SDSS footprint, crosses about three dust clouds. We provide a brief guide on how to best estimate extinction to extragalactic sources such as supernovae, using the Na?i?D absorption feature, under a variety of circumstances. C1 [Poznanski, Dovi] Tel Aviv Univ, Sch Phys & Astron, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel. [Prochaska, J. Xavier] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Prochaska, J. Xavier] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, UCO Lick Observ, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Bloom, Joshua S.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Astron, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Bloom, Joshua S.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Poznanski, D (reprint author), Tel Aviv Univ, Sch Phys & Astron, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel. EM dovi@astro.tau.ac.il FU W. M. Keck Foundation; Office of Science of US Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; Alfred P. Sloan Foundation; National Science Foundation; US Department of Energy Office of Science; University of Arizona; Brazilian Participation Group; Brookhaven National Laboratory; University of Cambridge; Carnegie Mellon University; University of Florida; French Participation Group; German Participation Group; Harvard University; Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias; Michigan State/Notre Dame/JINA Participation Group; Johns Hopkins University; Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; Max Planck Institute for Astrophysics; New Mexico State University; New York University; Ohio State University; Pennsylvania State University; University of Portsmouth; Princeton University; Spanish Participation Group; University of Tokyo; University of Utah; Vanderbilt University; University of Virginia; University of Washington; Yale University FX Some of the data presented herein were obtained at the W. M. Keck Observatory, which is operated as a scientific partnership among the California Institute of Technology, the University of California and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. The Observatory was made possible by the generous financial support of the W. M. Keck Foundation. We wish to recognize and acknowledge the very significant cultural role and reverence that the summit of Mauna Kea has always had within the indigenous Hawaiian community. We are most fortunate to have the opportunity to conduct observations from this mountain.; This research used resources of the National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center, which is supported by the Office of Science of the US Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231.; Some the data presented were obtained from the SDSS III archive. Funding for SDSS-III has been provided by the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, the Participating Institutions, the National Science Foundation and the US Department of Energy Office of Science. The SDSS-III website is http://www.sdss3.org/. SDSS-III is managed by the Astrophysical Research Consortium for the Participating Institutions of the SDSS-III Collaboration including the University of Arizona, the Brazilian Participation Group, Brookhaven National Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Carnegie Mellon University, University of Florida, the French Participation Group, the German Participation Group, Harvard University, the Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias, the Michigan State/Notre Dame/JINA Participation Group, Johns Hopkins University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max Planck Institute for Astrophysics, New Mexico State University, New York University, Ohio State University, Pennsylvania State University, University of Portsmouth, Princeton University, the Spanish Participation Group, University of Tokyo, University of Utah, Vanderbilt University, University of Virginia, University of Washington and Yale University. NR 20 TC 92 Z9 92 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0035-8711 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 426 IS 2 BP 1465 EP 1474 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2966.2012.21796.x PG 10 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 015OQ UT WOS:000309456200053 ER PT J AU Crochet, JJ Duque, JG Werner, JH Lounis, B Cognet, L Doorn, SK AF Crochet, Jared J. Duque, Juan G. Werner, James H. Lounis, Brahim Cognet, Laurent Doorn, Stephen K. TI Disorder Limited Exciton Transport in Colloidal Single-Wall Carbon Nanotubes SO NANO LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Carbon nanotube; exciton; dephasing; transport; exchange interaction ID LUMINESCENCE PROPERTIES; MOLECULAR CRYSTALS AB We present measurements of S-1 exciton transport in (6,5) carbon nanotubes at room temperature in a colloidal environment. Exciton diffusion lengths associated with end quenching paired with photoluminescence lifetimes provide a direct basis for determining a median diffusion constant of approximately 7.5 cm(2)s(-1). Our experimental results are compared to model diffusion constants calculated using a realistic exciton dispersion accounting for a logarithmic correction due to the exchange self-energy and a nonequilibrium distribution between bright and dark excitons. The intrinsic diffusion constant associated with acoustic phonon scattering is too large to explain the observed diffusion length, and as such, we attribute the observed transport to disorder-limited diffusional transport associated with the dynamics of the colloidal interface. In this model an effective surface potential limits the exciton mean free path to the same size as that of the exciton wave function, defined by the strength of the electron-hole Coulomb interaction. C1 [Werner, James H.; Doorn, Stephen K.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Integrated Nanotechnol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Lounis, Brahim; Cognet, Laurent] Univ Bordeaux, LP2N, F-33405 Talence, France. [Lounis, Brahim; Cognet, Laurent] CNRS, Inst Opt, LP2N, F-33405 Talence, France. RP Crochet, JJ (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Integrated Nanotechnol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM jcrochet@lanl.gov; skdoorn@lanl.gov RI Cognet, Laurent/F-4163-2011; Lounis, Brahim/I-7862-2016; OI Cognet, Laurent/0000-0002-3573-5387; Crochet, Jared/0000-0002-9570-2173; Werner, James/0000-0002-7616-8913 FU LANL-LDRD program; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC52-06NA25396]; Agence Nationale de la Recherche, Region Aquitaine; French Ministry of Education and Research; European Research Council FX J.C. thanks Jay D. Sau for stimulating theoretical discussions. This work was performed, in part, at the Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, a U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences user facility and partially supported by LANL-LDRD program. Los Alamos National Laboratory is operated by Los Alamos National Security, LLC, for the National Nuclear Security Administration of the U.S. Department of Energy under contract DE-AC52-06NA25396. This work was also funded by the Agence Nationale de la Recherche, Region Aquitaine, the French Ministry of Education and Research, and the European Research Council. NR 32 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 3 U2 62 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1530-6984 EI 1530-6992 J9 NANO LETT JI Nano Lett. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 12 IS 10 BP 5091 EP 5096 DI 10.1021/nl301739d PG 6 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 017TX UT WOS:000309615000005 PM 22985181 ER PT J AU Hruszkewycz, SO Holt, MV Murray, CE Bruley, J Holt, J Tripathi, A Shpyrko, OG McNulty, I Highland, MJ Fuoss, PH AF Hruszkewycz, S. O. Holt, M. V. Murray, C. E. Bruley, J. Holt, J. Tripathi, A. Shpyrko, O. G. McNulty, I. Highland, M. J. Fuoss, P. H. TI Quantitative Nanoscale Imaging of Lattice Distortions in Epitaxial Semiconductor Heterostructures Using Nanofocused X-ray Bragg Projection Ptychography SO NANO LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Bragg projection ptychography; strain imaging; coherent X-ray diffraction imaging; silicon-on-insulator devices; SiGe heteroepitaxy ID BEAM ELECTRON-DIFFRACTION; STRAINED-SILICON; MICROSCOPY; NANOSTRUCTURES; CRYSTALS; PATTERNS; STRESS AB We imaged nanoscale lattice strain in a multilayer semiconductor device prototype with a new X-ray technique, nanofocused Bragg projection ptychography. Applying this technique to the epitaxial stressor layer of a SiGe-on-SOI structure, we measured the internal lattice behavior in a targeted region of a single device and demonstrated that its internal strain profile consisted of two competing lattice distortions. These results provide the strongest nondestructive test to date of continuum modeling predictions of nanoscale strain distributions. C1 [Hruszkewycz, S. O.; Highland, M. J.; Fuoss, P. H.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Holt, M. V.; McNulty, I.] Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Nanoscale Mat, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Murray, C. E.; Bruley, J.] IBM TJ Watson Res Ctr, Yorktown Hts, NY 10598 USA. [Holt, J.] IBM Semicond Res & Dev Ctr, Hopewell Jct, NY 12533 USA. [Tripathi, A.; Shpyrko, O. G.] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Phys, San Diego, CA 92093 USA. RP Hruszkewycz, SO (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM shrus@anl.gov RI Shpyrko, Oleg/J-3970-2012 FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-06CH11357, DE-SC0001805]; U.S. DOE, Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Sciences and Engineering Division FX Special thanks go to David Vine, Jesse Clark, and Ross Harder for valuable discussions. This work, including the use of the Center for Nanoscale Materials and the Advanced Photon Source, was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. Work at the University of California San Diego was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under contract DE-SC0001805. Sample manufacturing was performed by the Research Alliance Teams at various IBM Research and Development facilities. S.O.H., M.J.H., and P.H.F. were supported by U.S. DOE, Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Sciences and Engineering Division. NR 48 TC 40 Z9 40 U1 3 U2 68 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1530-6984 EI 1530-6992 J9 NANO LETT JI Nano Lett. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 12 IS 10 BP 5148 EP 5154 DI 10.1021/nl303201w PG 7 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 017TX UT WOS:000309615000014 PM 22998744 ER PT J AU Yan, ZJ Jureller, JE Sweet, J Guffey, MJ Pelton, M Scherer, NF AF Yan, Zijie Jureller, Justin E. Sweet, Julian Guffey, Mason J. Pelton, Matthew Scherer, Norbert F. TI Three-Dimensional Optical Trapping and Manipulation of Single Silver Nanowires SO NANO LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Optical tweezers; optical manipulation; plasmonics; metal nanowires ID ONE-DIMENSIONAL NANOSTRUCTURES; PLASMON PROPAGATION; AU NANOPARTICLES; GOLD NANORODS; LIGHT-BEAM; MICROMANIPULATION; PARTICLES; ALIGNMENT; TWEEZERS; TRAPS AB We report the first experimental realization of all-optical trapping and manipulation of plasmonic nanowires in three dimensions. The optical beam used for trapping is the Fourier transform of a linearly polarized Bessel beam (termed FT-Bessel). The extended depth of focus of this beam enables the use of a retroreflection geometry to cancel radiation pressure in the beam propagation direction, making it possible to trap highly scattering and absorbing silver nanowires. Individual silver nanowires with lengths of several micrometers can be positioned by the trapping beam with a precision better than 100 nm and are oriented by the polarization of the trapping light with a precision of approximately 1 degrees. Multiple nanowires can be trapped simultaneously in spatially separated maxima of the trapping field. Since trapping in the interferometric FT-Bessel potential is robust in bulk solution and near surfaces, it will enable the controlled assembly of metal nanowires into plasmonic nanostructures. C1 [Yan, Zijie; Jureller, Justin E.; Guffey, Mason J.; Scherer, Norbert F.] Univ Chicago, James Franck Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Sweet, Julian; Pelton, Matthew; Scherer, Norbert F.] Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Nanoscale Mat, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Scherer, NF (reprint author), Univ Chicago, James Franck Inst, 929 E 57th St, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. EM nfschere@uchicago.edu RI Sweet, Julian/B-3640-2008; Yan, Zijie/C-5805-2009; Pelton, Matthew/H-7482-2013 OI Sweet, Julian/0000-0001-6582-7728; Yan, Zijie/0000-0003-0726-7042; Pelton, Matthew/0000-0002-6370-8765 FU U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Science, Division of Chemical, Geological and Biological Sciences [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; National Science Foundation [CHE-0802913]; U. S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX We acknowledge support from the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Science, Division of Chemical, Geological and Biological Sciences under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. This work was also supported in part by the National Science Foundation (CHE-0802913). We thank Dr. Qiti Guo for assistance with the use of central facilities of the NSF-Materials Research Science (MRSEC; DMR-0820054). Use of the Center for Nanoscale Materials was supported by the U. S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. NR 42 TC 37 Z9 39 U1 5 U2 97 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1530-6984 J9 NANO LETT JI Nano Lett. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 12 IS 10 BP 5155 EP 5161 DI 10.1021/nl302100n PG 7 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 017TX UT WOS:000309615000015 PM 22931238 ER PT J AU Gu, M Belharouak, I Genc, A Wang, ZG Wang, DP Amine, K Gao, F Zhou, GW Thevuthasan, S Baer, DR Zhang, JG Browning, ND Liu, J Wang, CM AF Gu, Meng Belharouak, Ilias Genc, Arda Wang, Zhiguo Wang, Dapeng Amine, Khalil Gao, Fei Zhou, Guangwen Thevuthasan, Suntharampillai Baer, Donald R. Zhang, Ji-Guang Browning, Nigel D. Liu, Jun Wang, Chongmin TI Conflicting Roles of Nickel in Controlling Cathode Performance in Lithium Ion Batteries SO NANO LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Lithium ion battery; Li1.2Ni0.2Mn0.6O2; nickel segregation; STEM; DFT calculation; lithium diffusion barrier ID MANGANESE OXIDES; LOCAL-STRUCTURE; ELECTRODES; DIFFUSION; LI2MNO3 AB A variety of approaches are being made to enhance the performance of lithium ion batteries. Incorporating multivalence transition-metal ions into metal oxide cathodes has been identified as an essential approach to achieve the necessary high voltage and high capacity. However, the fundamental mechanism that limits their power rate and cycling stability remains unclear. The power rate strongly depends on the lithium ion drift speed in the cathode. Crystallographically, these transition-metal-based cathodes frequently have a layered structure. In the classic wisdom, it is accepted that lithium ion travels swiftly within the layers moving out/in of the cathode during the charge/discharge. Here, we report the unexpected discovery of a thermodynamically driven, yet kinetically controlled, surface modification in the widely explored lithium nickel manganese oxide cathode material, which may inhibit the battery charge/discharge rate. We found that during cathode synthesis and processing before electrochemical cycling in the cell nickel can preferentially move along the fast diffusion channels and selectively segregate at the surface facets terminated with a mix of anions and cations. This segregation essentially can lead to a higher lithium diffusion barrier near the surface region of the particle. Therefore, it appears that the transition-metal dopant may help to provide high capacity and/or high voltage but can be located in a "wrong" location that may slow down lithium diffusion, limiting battery performance. In this circumstance, limitations in the properties of lithium ion batteries using these cathode materials can be determined more by the materials synthesis issues than by the operation within the battery itself. C1 [Gu, Meng; Thevuthasan, Suntharampillai; Baer, Donald R.; Wang, Chongmin] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Wang, Zhiguo; Gao, Fei; Browning, Nigel D.; Liu, Jun] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Fundamental & Computat Sci Directorate, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Zhang, Ji-Guang] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Energy & Environm Directorate, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Belharouak, Ilias; Wang, Dapeng] Argonne Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Engn Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Genc, Arda] FEI Co, Hillsboro, OR 97124 USA. [Wang, Dapeng; Zhou, Guangwen] SUNY Binghamton, Dept Mech Engn, Binghamton, NY 13902 USA. RP Wang, CM (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, 902 Battelle Blvd, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM Chongmin.Wang@pnnl.gov RI Baer, Donald/J-6191-2013; Amine, Khalil/K-9344-2013; Wang, Zhiguo/B-7132-2009; Gu, Meng/B-8258-2013; OI Baer, Donald/0000-0003-0875-5961; Browning, Nigel/0000-0003-0491-251X; Belharouak, Ilias/0000-0002-3985-0278 FU Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) program of Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL); DOE's Office of Biological and Environmental Research; Battelle for the DOE [DE-AC05-76RLO1830]; DOE [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX M.G. wants to thank Dr. Chengyu Song from NCEM for technical support on the TEAM 0.5 microscope and Dr. Paul Plachinda from the FEI Company for his help on 3D XEDS data processing and visualization. This work was supported by the Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) program of Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL). The work was conducted in the William R. Wiley Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory (EMSL), a national scientific user facility sponsored by DOE's Office of Biological and Environmental Research and located at PNNL. PNNL is operated by Battelle for the DOE under contract DE-AC05-76RLO1830. Part of the work performed at NCEM is supported by DOE under contract no. DE-AC02-05CH11231. NR 34 TC 104 Z9 104 U1 14 U2 253 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1530-6984 EI 1530-6992 J9 NANO LETT JI Nano Lett. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 12 IS 10 BP 5186 EP 5191 DI 10.1021/nl302249v PG 6 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 017TX UT WOS:000309615000020 PM 22985059 ER PT J AU Pushkarev, VV Musselwhite, N An, KJ Alayoglu, S Somorjai, GA AF Pushkarev, Vladimir V. Musselwhite, Nathan An, Kwangjin Alayoglu, Selim Somorjai, Gabor A. TI High Structure Sensitivity of Vapor-Phase Furfural Decarbonylation/Hydrogenation Reaction Network as a Function of Size and Shape of Pt Nanoparticles SO NANO LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Pt nanoparticles; Pt/SiO2 catalyst; structure sensitivity; furfural; decarbonylation; hydrogenation ID PLATINUM NANOPARTICLES; PYRROLE HYDROGENATION; NM; SELECTIVITY; SBA-15; SILICA AB Vapor-phase transformations of furfural in H-2 over a series of Pt nanoparticles (NPs) with various particle sizes (1.5-7.1 nm size range) and shapes (rounded, cubes, octahedra) encapsulated in poly(vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP) and dispersed on MCF-17 mesoporous silica were investigated at ambient pressure in the 443-513 K temperature range. Furan and furfuryl alcohol (FFA) were two primary products as a result of furfural decarbonylation and hydrogenation reactions, respectively. Under conditions of the study both reactions exhibited structure sensitivity evidenced by changes in product selectivities, turnover rates (TORs), and apparent activation energies (E-A's) with Pt particle size and shape. For instance, upon an increase in Pt particle size from 1.5 to 7.1 nm, the selectivity toward FFA increases from 1% to 66%, the TOR of FFA production increases from 1 x 10(-3) s(-1) to 7.6 X 10(-2) s(-1), and E-A decreases from 104 kJ mol(-1) to 15 kJ mol(-1) (9.3 kPa furfural, 93 kPa H-2, 473 K). Conversely, under the same experimental conditions the decarbonylation reaction path is enhanced over smaller nanoparticles. The smallest NPs (1.5 nm) produced the highest selectivity (96%) and highest TOR values (8.8 x 10(-2) s(-1)) toward furan formation. The E-A values for decarbonylation (similar to 62 kJ mol(-1)) was Pt particle size independent. Furan was further converted to propylene via a decarbonylation reaction, but also to dihydrofuran, tetrahydrofuran, and n-butanol in secondary reactions. Furfuryl alcohol was converted to mostly to 2-methylfuran. C1 [Pushkarev, Vladimir V.; Musselwhite, Nathan; An, Kwangjin; Alayoglu, Selim; Somorjai, Gabor A.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Pushkarev, Vladimir V.; Musselwhite, Nathan; Alayoglu, Selim; Somorjai, Gabor A.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Somorjai, GA (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM somorjai@berkeley.edu RI Foundry, Molecular/G-9968-2014 FU The Chevron Energy Technology Company; National Center for Electron Microscopy, Lawrence Berkeley Lab; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Material Sciences and Engineering, of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX This work is funded by The Chevron Energy Technology Company. The authors acknowledge support of the National Center for Electron Microscopy, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, which is supported by the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. Work at the Molecular Foundry was supported by the Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Material Sciences and Engineering, of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. NR 18 TC 56 Z9 56 U1 10 U2 152 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1530-6984 J9 NANO LETT JI Nano Lett. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 12 IS 10 BP 5196 EP 5201 DI 10.1021/nl3023127 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 017TX UT WOS:000309615000022 PM 22938198 ER PT J AU Wang, DL Yu, YC Xin, HLL Hovden, R Ercius, P Mundy, JA Chen, H Richard, JH Muller, DA DiSalvo, FJ Abruna, HD AF Wang, Deli Yu, Yingchao Xin, Huolin L. Hovden, Robert Ercius, Peter Mundy, Julia A. Chen, Hao Richard, Jonah H. Muller, David A. DiSalvo, Francis J. Abruna, Hector D. TI Tuning Oxygen Reduction Reaction Activity via Controllable Dealloying: A Model Study of Ordered Cu3Pt/C Intermetallic Nanocatalysts SO NANO LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Fuel cell; ORR; electrocatalyst; ordered intermetallic nanoparticle; dealloying ID FUEL-CELL ELECTROCATALYSTS; PT-M M; CO; NANOPARTICLES; CATALYSTS; SURFACE; CR; NI; MICROSCOPY; STABILITY AB A promising electrocatalyst prototype of low Pt mole fraction, intermetallic nanoparticles of Cu3Pt, has been prepared using a simple impregnation-reduction method, followed by a post heat-treatment. Two dealloying methods (electrochemical and chemical) were implemented to control the atomic-level morphology and improve performance for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). The morphology and elemental composition of the dealloyed nanoparticles were characterized at angstrom resolution using an aberration-corrected scanning transmission electron microscope equipped with an electron energy loss spectrometer. We found that the electrochemical dealloying method led to the formation of a thin Pt skin of ca. 1 nm in thickness with an ordered Cu3Pt core structure, while chemical leaching gave rise to a "spongy" structure with no ordered structure being preserved. A three-dimensional tomographic reconstruction indicated that numerous voids were formed in the chemically dealloyed nanoparticles. Both dealloying methods yielded enhanced specific and mass activities toward the ORR and higher stability relative to Pt/C. The spongy nanoparticles exhibited better mass activity with a slightly lower specific activity than the electrochemically dealloyed nanoparticles after 50 potential cycles. In both cases, the mass activity was still enhanced after 5000 potential cycles. C1 [Wang, Deli; Yu, Yingchao; Chen, Hao; DiSalvo, Francis J.; Abruna, Hector D.] Cornell Univ, Dept Chem & Chem Biol, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Xin, Huolin L.] Cornell Univ, Dept Phys, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Ercius, Peter] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Natl Ctr Electron Microscopy, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Richard, Jonah H.] Bard Coll, Dept Phys, Annandale On Hudson, NY 12504 USA. [Hovden, Robert; Mundy, Julia A.; Muller, David A.] Cornell Univ, Sch Appl & Engn Phys, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Muller, David A.] Cornell Univ, Kavli Inst, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP DiSalvo, FJ (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Dept Chem & Chem Biol, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM fjd3@cornell.edu; hda1@cornell.edu RI Wang, Deli/K-5029-2012; Yu, Yingchao/C-4769-2012; Muller, David/A-7745-2010; OI Muller, David/0000-0003-4129-0473; Xin, Huolin/0000-0002-6521-868X FU Department of Energy [DE-FG02-87ER45298]; Energy Materials Center at Cornel; Energy Frontier Research Center; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-SC0001086]; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; American Chemical Society (ACS) Division of Analytical Chemistry (ACS); Eastman Chemical Company; CCMR; Research Experience for Undergraduates program [DMR-1063059] FX This work was supported by the Department of Energy though Grant DE-FG02-87ER45298 by the Energy Materials Center at Cornell, an Energy Frontier Research Center funded by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences under Award Number DE-SC0001086. This work made use of TEM and XPS facilities of the Cornell Center for Materials Research (CCMR), under award number DMR 1120296. STEM tomography was accomplished at the National Center for Electron Microscopy, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, which is supported by the U.S. Department of Energy under contract no. DE-AC02-05CH11231. Y.Y and H.L.X acknowledge the kind assistance from John Grazul and Mick Thomas from Cornell TEM facility. Y.Y also acknowledges the fellowship from American Chemical Society (ACS) Division of Analytical Chemistry (ACS) sponsored by Eastman Chemical Company. J.H.R. acknowledges the support from CCMR with funding from the Research Experience for Undergraduates program DMR-1063059. NR 42 TC 119 Z9 122 U1 20 U2 208 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1530-6984 J9 NANO LETT JI Nano Lett. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 12 IS 10 BP 5230 EP 5238 DI 10.1021/nl302404g PG 9 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 017TX UT WOS:000309615000028 PM 22954373 ER PT J AU Kwon, SG Krylova, G Sumer, A Schwartz, MM Bunel, EE Marshall, CL Chattopadhyay, S Lee, B Jellinek, J Shevchenko, EV AF Kwon, Soon Gu Krylova, Galyna Sumer, Aslihan Schwartz, Michael M. Bunel, Emilio E. Marshall, Christopher L. Chattopadhyay, Soma Lee, Byeongdu Jellinek, Julius Shevchenko, Elena V. TI Capping Ligands as Selectivity Switchers in Hydrogenation Reactions SO NANO LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Nanoparticles; surface ligands; catalysis; selectivity; activity; binding energetics ID DEPENDENT CATALYTIC-ACTIVITY; SHAPE-CONTROLLED SYNTHESIS; SINGLE-CRYSTAL SURFACES; HIGH-INDEX FACETS; PLATINUM NANOCRYSTALS; OXYGEN REDUCTION; RUTHENIUM NANOPARTICLES; PALLADIUM CATALYSTS; AQUEOUS-SOLUTION; PD CATALYSTS AB We systematically investigated the role of surface modification of nanoparticles catalyst in alkyne hydrogenation reactions and proposed the general explanation of effect of surface ligands on the selectivity and activity of Pt and Co/Pt nanoparticles (NPs) using experimental and computational approaches. We show that the proper balance between adsorption energetics of alkenes at the surface of NPs as compared to that of capping ligands defines the selectivity of the nanocatalyst for alkene in alkyne hydrogenation reaction. We report that addition of primary alkylamines to Pt and CoPt3 NPs can drastically increase selectivity for alkene from 0 to more than 90% with similar to 99.9% conversion. Increasing the primary alkylamine coverage on the NP surface leads to the decrease in the binding energy of octenes and eventual competition between octene and primary alkylamines for adsorption sites. At sufficiently high coverage of catalysts with primary alkylamine, the alkylamines win, which prevents further hydrogenation of alkenes into alkanes. Primary amines with different lengths of carbon chains have similar adsorption energies at the surface of catalysts and, consequently, the same effect on selectivity. When the adsorption energy of capping ligands at the catalytic surface is lower than adsorption energy of alkenes, the ligands do not affect the selectivity of hydrogenation of alkyne to alkene. On the other hand, capping ligands with adsorption energies at the catalytic surface higher than that of alkyne reduce its activity resulting in low conversion of alkynes. C1 [Sumer, Aslihan; Schwartz, Michael M.; Bunel, Emilio E.; Marshall, Christopher L.; Jellinek, Julius] Argonne Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Engn Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Kwon, Soon Gu; Krylova, Galyna; Shevchenko, Elena V.] Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Nanoscale Mat, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Chattopadhyay, Soma; Lee, Byeongdu] Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Jellinek, J (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Engn Div, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM jellinek@anl.gov; eshevchenko@anl.gov RI Kwon, Soon Gu/E-3123-2015; Marshall, Christopher/D-1493-2015; OI Marshall, Christopher/0000-0002-1285-7648; Lee, Byeongdu/0000-0003-2514-8805 FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences and Biosciences, U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; Institute for Atom-efficient Chemical Transformations (IACT), an Energy Frontier Research Center; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences FX Use of the Center for Nanoscale Materials was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357 (S.G.K., G.K., E.V.S.). This work was also supported by the Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences and Biosciences, U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357 (M.M.S., E.E.B., S.C., B.L., J.J.), and by the Institute for Atom-efficient Chemical Transformations (IACT), an Energy Frontier Research Center funded by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences (A.S., C.L.M., J.J.). NR 70 TC 57 Z9 58 U1 10 U2 137 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1530-6984 J9 NANO LETT JI Nano Lett. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 12 IS 10 BP 5382 EP 5388 DI 10.1021/nl3027636 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 017TX UT WOS:000309615000051 PM 22988832 ER PT J AU Ma, RM Yin, XB Oulton, RF Sorger, VJ Zhang, X AF Ma, Ren-Min Yin, Xiaobo Oulton, Rupert F. Sorger, Volker J. Zhang, Xiang TI Multiplexed and Electrically Modulated Plasmon Laser Circuit SO NANO LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Surface plasmon; laser; spaser; circuit; multiplexing and modulation ID WAVE-GUIDES; DIFFRACTION LIMIT; APPLIED PHYSICS; NANOLASERS; CAVITY; SILICON; NANO AB With unprecedented ability to localize electromagnetic field in time and space, the nanometer scale laser promises exceptionally broad scientific and technological innovation. However, as the laser cavity becomes subwavelength, the diffraction of light prohibits the directional emission, so-called the directionality, one of the fundamental attributes of the laser. Here, we have demonstrated a deep subwavelength waveguide embedded (WEB) plasmon laser that directs more than 70% of its radiation into an embedded semiconductor nanobelt waveguide with dramatically enhanced radiation efficiency. The unique configuration of WEB plasmon laser naturally integrates photonic and electronic functionality allowing both efficient electrical modulation and wavelength multiplexing. We have demonstrated a plasmonic circuit integrating five independently modulated multicolored plasmon laser sources multiplexed onto a single semiconductor nanobelt waveguide, illustrating the potential of plasmon lasers for large scale, ultradense photonic integration. C1 [Ma, Ren-Min; Yin, Xiaobo; Oulton, Rupert F.; Sorger, Volker J.; Zhang, Xiang] Univ Calif Berkeley, NSF Nanoscale Sci & Engn Ctr, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Zhang, Xiang] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Zhang, X (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, NSF Nanoscale Sci & Engn Ctr, 3112 Etcheverry Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM xiang@berkeley.edu RI Yin, Xiaobo/A-4142-2011; Zhang, Xiang/F-6905-2011 FU U.S. Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR) [FA9550-12-1-0197] FX We acknowledge financial support from the U.S. Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR) under Grant No. FA9550-12-1-0197. NR 42 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 10 U2 120 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1530-6984 J9 NANO LETT JI Nano Lett. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 12 IS 10 BP 5396 EP 5402 DI 10.1021/nl302809a PG 7 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 017TX UT WOS:000309615000053 PM 22989288 ER PT J AU Liu, C Sun, JW Tang, JY Yang, PD AF Liu, Chong Sun, Jianwei Tang, Jinyao Yang, Peidong TI Zn-Doped p-Type Gallium Phosphide Nanowire Photocathodes from a Surfactant-Free Solution Synthesis SO NANO LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Gallium phosphide; nanowire; photoelectrochemistry; surfactant-free solution synthesis ID LIQUID-SOLID GROWTH; PHOTOELECTROCHEMICAL CELLS; SEMICONDUCTOR NANOWIRES; HYDROGEN-PRODUCTION; ENERGY-CONVERSION; LARGE-SCALE; WATER; GAP; REDUCTION; NANOCRYSTALS AB Gallium phosphide (GaP) nanowire photocathodes synthesized using a surfactant-free solution-liquid-solid (SLS) method were investigated for their photoelectrochemical evolution of hydrogen. Zinc as a p-type dopant was introduced into the nanowires during synthesis to optimize the photocathode's response. Investigation of the electrical properties of Zn-doped GaP nanowires confirmed their p-type conductivity. After optimization of the nanowire diameter and Zn doping concentration, higher absorbed photon-to-current efficiency (APCE) over the spectrum was achieved. The versatility of the SLS synthesis and the capability to control the electrical properties suggest that our approach could be generalized to other III-V and II-VI semiconductors. C1 [Liu, Chong; Sun, Jianwei; Tang, Jinyao; Yang, Peidong] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Yang, Peidong] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Liu, Chong; Yang, Peidong] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Yang, PD (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM p_yang@berkeley.edu OI Liu, Chong/0000-0001-5546-3852 FU Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Sciences and Engineering Division, of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX We thank S. Brittman for helpful discussion. This work was supported by the Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Sciences and Engineering Division, of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. NR 41 TC 49 Z9 50 U1 8 U2 159 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1530-6984 J9 NANO LETT JI Nano Lett. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 12 IS 10 BP 5407 EP 5411 DI 10.1021/nl3028729 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 017TX UT WOS:000309615000055 PM 23025657 ER PT J AU Vazquez, H Skouta, R Schneebeli, S Kamenetska, M Breslow, R Venkataraman, L Hybertsen, MS AF Vazquez, H. Skouta, R. Schneebeli, S. Kamenetska, M. Breslow, R. Venkataraman, L. Hybertsen, M. S. TI Probing the conductance superposition law in single-molecule circuits with parallel paths SO NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID QUANTUM INTERFERENCE; JUNCTIONS; TRANSPORT; WIRES; ELECTRONICS; POSITION AB According to Kirchhoff's circuit laws, the net conductance of two parallel components in an electronic circuit is the sum of the individual conductances. However, when the circuit dimensions are comparable to the electronic phase coherence length, quantum interference effects play a critical role(1), as exemplified by the Aharonov-Bohm effect in metal rings(2,3). At the molecular scale, interference effects dramatically reduce the electron transfer rate through a meta-connected benzene ring when compared with a para-connected benzene ring(4,5). For longer conjugated and cross-conjugated molecules, destructive interference effects have been observed in the tunnelling conductance through molecular junctions(6-10). Here, we investigate the conductance superposition law for parallel components in single-molecule circuits, particularly the role of interference. We synthesize a series of molecular systems that contain either one backbone or two backbones in parallel, bonded together cofacially by a common linker on each end. Single-molecule conductance measurements and transport calculations based on density functional theory show that the conductance of a double-backbone molecular junction can be more than twice that of a single-backbone junction, providing clear evidence for constructive interference. C1 [Skouta, R.; Schneebeli, S.; Breslow, R.] Columbia Univ, Dept Chem, New York, NY 10027 USA. [Vazquez, H.; Kamenetska, M.; Venkataraman, L.] Columbia Univ, Dept Appl Phys & Appl Math, New York, NY 10027 USA. [Hybertsen, M. S.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Ctr Funct Nanomat, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Breslow, R (reprint author), Columbia Univ, Dept Chem, 3000 Broadway, New York, NY 10027 USA. EM rb33@columbia.edu; lv2117@columbia.edu; mhyberts@bnl.gov RI Schneebeli, Severin/D-7898-2013; Vazquez, Hector/G-5788-2014; Skouta, Rachid/Q-7132-2016; OI Vazquez, Hector/0000-0002-3865-9922; Hybertsen, Mark S/0000-0003-3596-9754; Venkataraman, Latha/0000-0002-6957-6089 FU Nanoscale Science and Engineering Initiative of the National Science Foundation (NSF) [CHE-0641523]; New York State Office of Science, Technology, and Academic Research (NYSTAR); Packard Foundation; US Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-98CH10886]; Canadian postdoctoral fellowship FQRNT programme; Arun Guthikonda Memorial graduate fellowship; NSF [CHE-07-44185] FX This work was supported primarily by the Nanoscale Science and Engineering Initiative of the National Science Foundation (NSF, CHE-0641523), the New York State Office of Science, Technology, and Academic Research (NYSTAR) and an NSF Career Award to L.V. (CHE-07-44185). L.V. also thanks the Packard Foundation for support. This work was carried out in part at the Center for Functional Nanomaterials, Brookhaven National Laboratory, which is supported by the US Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences (contract no. DE-AC02-98CH10886). R.S. acknowledges financial support from the Canadian postdoctoral fellowship FQRNT programme. S.T.S. acknowledges support from an Arun Guthikonda Memorial graduate fellowship. The authors thank the NSF (CHE-0619638) for the acquisition of an X-ray diffractometer, and G. Parkin and W. Sattler for obtaining our crystal structures. NR 30 TC 104 Z9 104 U1 6 U2 100 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 1748-3387 EI 1748-3395 J9 NAT NANOTECHNOL JI Nat. Nanotechnol. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 7 IS 10 BP 663 EP 667 DI 10.1038/NNANO.2012.147 PG 5 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA 018PX UT WOS:000309675000017 PM 22941403 ER PT J AU Burchell, TD Pappano, PJ AF Burchell, T. D. Pappano, P. J. TI Recycling irradiated nuclear graphite-A greener path forward SO NUCLEAR ENGINEERING AND DESIGN LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Topical Meeting on High Temperature Reactor Technology CY OCT 18-20, 2010 CL Prague, CZECH REPUBLIC AB Here we report the successful recycle of irradiated graphite to fabricate new nuclear graphite using conventional manufacturing processes (albeit on a bench scale). Radiological concerns such as the containment of contamination in industrial scale manufacturing plants, or the release of C-14, were not considered. Moreover, a study of the annealing kinetics was conducted to elucidate the extent of property recovery over a representative temperature range. The goal of the preliminary work reported here was to determine if nuclear graphite, produced through the normal graphite fabrication process, but using crushed, previously irradiated nuclear graphite could be manufactured with sufficient mechanical integrity to warrant further investigation. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Burchell, T. D.; Pappano, P. J.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Burchell, TD (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM burchelltd@ornl.gov RI Burchell, Tim/E-6566-2017 OI Burchell, Tim/0000-0003-1436-1192 FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Nuclear Energy Science and Technology [DE-AC05-00OR22725]; Oak Ridge National Laboratory; U.S Department of Energy; UT-Battelle, LLC [DE-AC05-00OR22725] FX This work was carried out for the Deep Burn Project of the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Nuclear Energy Science and Technology under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725 with Oak Ridge National Laboratory, managed by UT-Battelle, LLC. Use of the High Flux Isotope Reactor at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory was supported by the U.S Department of Energy. This manuscript has been authored by UT-Battelle, LLC, under Contract No. DE-AC05-00OR22725 with the U.S. Department of Energy. The authors wish to acknowledge the assistance of Joe Strizak, Marie Williams, Ashli Clark, and Kazumi Ozawa with the physical property determinations. NR 11 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0029-5493 EI 1872-759X J9 NUCL ENG DES JI Nucl. Eng. Des. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 251 SI SI BP 69 EP 77 DI 10.1016/j.nucengdes.2011.10.068 PG 9 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 016DC UT WOS:000309496600009 ER PT J AU Johnson, RW Sato, H AF Johnson, Richard W. Sato, Hiroyuki TI Bypass flow computations using a one-twelfth symmetric sector for normal operation in a 350 MWth prismatic VHTR SO NUCLEAR ENGINEERING AND DESIGN LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Topical Meeting on High Temperature Reactor Technology CY OCT 18-20, 2010 CL Prague, CZECH REPUBLIC ID HEAT-TRANSFER AB Significant uncertainty exists about the effects of bypass flow in a prismatic gas-cooled very high temperature reactor (VHTR). Bypass flow is the flow in the gaps between prismatic graphite blocks in the core. The gaps are present because of variations in graphite block construction, imperfect installation and expansion and shrinkage from thermal heating and neutron fluence. Calculations are performed using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) for flow of the helium coolant in the gap and coolant channels along with conjugate heat generation and heat transfer in the fuel compacts and core graphite. A commercial CFD code is used for all of the computations. A one-twelfth sector of a standard hexagonal block column is used for the CFD model because of its symmetry. Various scenarios are investigated including varying the gap width, varying the total heat generation between average and peak rates and varying the graphite block geometry to account for the effects of shrinkage caused by irradiation. The calculations are for a 350 MWth prismatic reactor. It is shown that the effect of increasing gap width, while maintaining the same total mass flow rate, causes increased maximum fuel temperature while providing significant cooling to the near-gap region. The maximum outlet coolant temperature variation is increased by the presence of gap flow and also by an increase in total heat generation. The effect of block shrinkage is actually to decrease maximum fuel temperature compared to a similar reference case. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Johnson, Richard W.; Sato, Hiroyuki] Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. [Sato, Hiroyuki] Japan Atom Energy Agcy, Oarai, Ibaraki, Japan. RP Johnson, RW (reprint author), Idaho Natl Lab, POB 1625,MS 3855, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. EM rich.johnson@inl.gov; sato.hiroyuki09@jaea.go.jp FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Nuclear Energy, under DOE Idaho Operations Office [DE-AC07-05ID14517] FX The work is supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Nuclear Energy, under DOE Idaho Operations Office Contract DE-AC07-05ID14517. NR 12 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0029-5493 EI 1872-759X J9 NUCL ENG DES JI Nucl. Eng. Des. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 251 SI SI BP 84 EP 91 DI 10.1016/j.nucengdes.2011.10.070 PG 8 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 016DC UT WOS:000309496600011 ER PT J AU Demkowicz, PA Laug, DV Scates, DM Reber, EL Roybal, LG Walter, JB Harp, JM Morris, RN AF Demkowicz, Paul A. Laug, David V. Scates, Dawn M. Reber, Edward L. Roybal, Lyle G. Walter, John B. Harp, Jason M. Morris, Robert N. TI The Fuel Accident Condition Simulator (FACS) furnace system for high temperature performance testing of VHTR fuel SO NUCLEAR ENGINEERING AND DESIGN LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Topical Meeting on High Temperature Reactor Technology CY OCT 18-20, 2010 CL Prague, CZECH REPUBLIC AB The AGR-1 irradiation of TRISO-coated particle fuel specimens was recently completed and represents the most successful such irradiation in US history, reaching peak burnups of greater than 19% FIMA with zero failures out of 300,000 particles. An extensive post-irradiation examination (PIE) campaign will be conducted on the AGR-1 fuel in order to characterize the irradiated fuel properties, assess the in-pile fuel performance in terms of coating integrity and fission metals release, and determine the fission product retention behavior during high temperature safety testing. A new furnace system has been designed, built, and tested to perform high temperature accident tests. The Fuel Accident Condition Simulator furnace system is designed to heat fuel specimens at temperatures up to 2000 degrees C in helium while monitoring the release of volatile fission metals (e.g. Cs, Ag, Sr, and Eu), iodine, and fission gases (Kr, Xe). Fission gases released from the fuel to the sweep gas are monitored in real time using dual cryogenic traps fitted with high purity germanium detectors. Condensable fission products are collected on a plate attached to a water-cooled cold finger that can be exchanged periodically without interrupting the test. Analysis of fission products on the condensation plates involves dry gamma counting followed by chemical analysis of selected isotopes. This paper will describe design and operational details of the Fuel Accident Condition Simulator furnace system and the associated fission gas monitoring system, as well as preliminary system calibration results. (C) 2012 Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Demkowicz, Paul A.; Laug, David V.; Scates, Dawn M.; Reber, Edward L.; Roybal, Lyle G.; Walter, John B.; Harp, Jason M.] Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. [Morris, Robert N.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Demkowicz, PA (reprint author), Idaho Natl Lab, 2525 Fremont Ave,MS 3860, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. EM paul.demkowicz@inl.gov RI Harp, Jason/K-9289-2013; Reber, Edward/B-4742-2017; OI Harp, Jason/0000-0002-5345-8440; Reber, Edward/0000-0001-8959-5570; Morris, Robert/0000-0001-7192-7733 NR 11 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 13 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0029-5493 EI 1872-759X J9 NUCL ENG DES JI Nucl. Eng. Des. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 251 SI SI BP 164 EP 172 DI 10.1016/j.nucengdes.2011.10.048 PG 9 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 016DC UT WOS:000309496600021 ER PT J AU van Rooyen, IJ Neethling, JH Henry, A Janzen, E Mokoduwe, SM van Vuuren, AJ Olivier, E AF van Rooyen, I. J. Neethling, J. H. Henry, A. Janzen, E. Mokoduwe, S. M. van Vuuren, A. Janse Olivier, E. TI Effects of phosphorous-doping and high temperature annealing on CVD grown 3C-SiC SO NUCLEAR ENGINEERING AND DESIGN LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Topical Meeting on High Temperature Reactor Technology CY OCT 18-20, 2010 CL Prague, CZECH REPUBLIC ID SILICON-CARBIDE; FUEL; MICROSTRUCTURE; PARTICLES AB The integrity and property behavior of the SiC layer of the Tr-isotropic (TRISO) coated particle (CP) for high temperature reactors (HTR) are very important as the SiC layer is the main barrier for gaseous and metallic fission product release. This study describes the work done on un-irradiated SiC samples prepared with varying phosphorus levels to simulate the presence of phosphorus due to transmutation. Si-30 transmutes to phosphorous (P-31) and other transmutation products during irradiation, which may affect the integrity of the SiC layer. The P-doping levels of the SiC samples used in this study cover the range from 1.1 x 10(15) to 1.2 x 10(19) atom/cm(3) and are therefore relevant to the PBMR operating conditions. Annealing from 1000 degrees C to 2100 degrees C was performed to study the possible changes in nanostructures and various properties due to temperature. Characterization results by X-ray diffraction (XRD), secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM). transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), are reported in this article. As grain boundary diffusion is identified as a possible mechanism by which Ag-110m, one of the fission activation products, might be released through intact SiC layer, grain size measurements is also included in this study. Temperature is evidently one of the factors/parameters amongst others known to influence the grain size of SiC and therefore it is important to investigate the effect of high temperature annealing on the SiC grain size. The ASTM E112 method as well as electron back scatter diffraction (EBSD) was used to determine the grain size of various commercial SiC samples and the SiC layer in experimental PBMR Coated Particles (CPs) after annealing at temperatures ranging from 1600 degrees C to 2100 degrees C. The HRTEM micrograph of the decomposition of SiC at 2100 degrees C are shown and discussed. Nanotubes were not identified during the TEM and HRTEM analysis although graphitic structures were identified. The preliminary conclusion reached is that the P-content at these experimental levels (1.1 x 10(15) to 1.2 x 10(19) atom/cm(3)) does not have a significant influence on the nanostructure of SiC at high temperatures without irradiation. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [van Rooyen, I. J.] CSIR, Natl Laser Ctr, ZA-0001 Pretoria, South Africa. [van Rooyen, I. J.; Neethling, J. H.; van Vuuren, A. Janse; Olivier, E.] Nelson Mandela Metropolitan Univ, Dept Phys, ZA-6031 Port Elizabeth, South Africa. [van Rooyen, I. J.; Mokoduwe, S. M.] PBMR, ZA-0046 Centurion, South Africa. [Henry, A.; Janzen, E.] Linkoping Univ, Dept Phys Chem & Biol, S-58183 Linkoping, Sweden. RP van Rooyen, IJ (reprint author), Idaho Natl Lab, Fuel Performance & Design Dept, POB 1625, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. EM Isabella.vanrooyen@inl.gov RI Janzen, Erik/I-5373-2013; Henry, Anne/J-2946-2013; Materials, Semiconductor/I-6323-2013 OI Janzen, Erik/0000-0001-7721-5091; Henry, Anne/0000-0001-5768-0244; FU PBMR's Fuel Optimization Technology Programme FX This research was sponsored by PBMR's Fuel Optimization Technology Programme. The use of the NMMU and PBMR Fuel Development Laboratory facilities are gratefully acknowledged. Johannes Mahlangu (PBMR), Ellen Nquma (PBMR), Jaco Olivier (NMMU) and Jacques O' Connell (NMMU) are thanked for the annealing operations. The HRTEM images were produced by Dr. Sarah Haigh at Oxford University. NR 19 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 37 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0029-5493 EI 1872-759X J9 NUCL ENG DES JI Nucl. Eng. Des. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 251 SI SI BP 191 EP 202 DI 10.1016/j.nucengdes.2011.09.066 PG 12 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 016DC UT WOS:000309496600024 ER PT J AU Moses, DL AF Moses, David L. TI Nuclear safeguards considerations for pebble bed reactors (PBRs) SO NUCLEAR ENGINEERING AND DESIGN LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Topical Meeting on High Temperature Reactor Technology CY OCT 18-20, 2010 CL Prague, CZECH REPUBLIC AB Recent reports by the Department of Energy National Laboratories have discussed safeguards considerations for low enriched uranium (LEU)-fueled pebble bed reactors (PBRs) and the need for bulk accountancy of the plutonium in "used fuel." These reports fail to account for the degree of plutonium dilution in the graphitized-carbon pebbles that is sufficient to meet the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) "provisional" guidelines for termination of safeguards on "measured discards." The thrust of this finding is not to terminate safeguards but to limit the need for specific accountancy of plutonium in stored used fuel. While the residual uranium in the used fuel is not sufficiently diluted to meet the IAEA provisional guidelines for termination of safeguards, the estimated quantities of the uranium minor isotopes U-232 and U-236 in the used fuel at the target burnup of similar to 90 Gigawatt-days per metric ton (GWD/MT) exceed standard specification limits for reprocessed uranium and will require extensive blending with either natural uranium or uranium enrichment tails to dilute the U-236 content to fall within specification. Hence, the PBR used fuel is less desirable for commercial reprocessing and reuse than that from light water reactors. Also the PBR specific activity of a reprocessed uranium isotopic mixture and its A(2) values for effective dose limits if released in a dispersible form during a transportation accident are more limiting than the equivalent values for light-water-reactor used fuel at 55 GWD/MT without accounting for the presence of the principal carry-over fission product (technetium, Tc-99) and plutonium contamination. Thus, the potentially recoverable uranium from PBR used fuel carries reactivity penalties and radiological penalties likely greater than those for reprocessed uranium from light water reactors. These factors impact the economics of reprocessing, but a more significant consideration is that reprocessing technologies for coated particle fuels encased in graphitized carbon have not progressed beyond laboratory-scale demonstrations. However, key equipment that has been tested in the past (such as graphite burners and electrolytic disintegration/dissolution devices) is not listed on either the "Trigger List" or the "Dual Use List" for mandatory export controls. If gross burnup determined from fission-product gamma-ray inspection of a discharged pebble cannot be correlated acceptably with predicted plutonium content of the pebble, development and testing may be required on detector concepts for more directly measuring the plutonium content in a discharged pebble to ensure that its placement in the spent fuel storage tanks is for an acceptable measured discard of diluted plutonium. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. RP Moses, DL (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, 130 Clemson Dr, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. EM mosesa@aol.com FU Oak Ridge National Laboratory (UT-Battelle, LLC); U.S. Department of Energy National Nuclear Security Administration's Office of Defense Nuclear Nonproliferation FX The author wishes to acknowledge the financial and technical support of Michael H. Ehinger of Oak Ridge National Laboratory (UT-Battelle, LLC) for his contractual support that permitted completion of the study reported in this paper. The study was performed for Oak Ridge National Laboratory in support of the U.S. Department of Energy National Nuclear Security Administration's Office of Defense Nuclear Nonproliferation. NR 25 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0029-5493 EI 1872-759X J9 NUCL ENG DES JI Nucl. Eng. Des. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 251 SI SI BP 216 EP 221 DI 10.1016/j.nucengdes.2011.10.043 PG 6 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 016DC UT WOS:000309496600027 ER PT J AU Wright, JK Carroll, LJ Cabet, C Lillo, TM Benz, JK Simpson, JA Lloyd, WR Chapman, JA Wright, RN AF Wright, J. K. Carroll, L. J. Cabet, C. Lillo, T. M. Benz, J. K. Simpson, J. A. Lloyd, W. R. Chapman, J. A. Wright, R. N. TI Characterization of elevated temperature properties of heat exchanger and steam generator alloys SO NUCLEAR ENGINEERING AND DESIGN LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Topical Meeting on High Temperature Reactor Technology CY OCT 18-20, 2010 CL Prague, CZECH REPUBLIC ID FATIGUE BEHAVIOR AB The Next Generation Nuclear Plant project is considering Alloy 800H and Alloy 617 for steam generator and intermediate heat exchangers. It is envisioned that a steam generator would operate with reactor outlet temperatures from 750 to 800 degrees C, while an intermediate heat exchanger for primary to secondary helium would operate up to an outlet temperature of 950 degrees C. Although both alloys are of interest due in part to their technical maturity, a number of specific properties require further characterization for design of nuclear components. Strain rate sensitivity of both alloys has been characterized and is found to be significant above 600 degrees C. Both alloys also exhibit dynamic strain aging, characterized by serrated flow, over a wide range of temperatures and strain rates. High temperature tensile testing of Alloy 617 and Alloy 800H has been conducted over a range of temperatures. Dynamic strain aging is a concern for these materials since it is observed to result in reduced ductility for many solid solution alloys. Creep, fatigue, and creep-fatigue properties of Alloy 617 have been measured as well, with the goal of determining the influence of the temperature, strain rate and atmosphere on the creep-fatigue life of Alloy 617. Elevated temperature properties and implications for codification of the alloys will be described. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Wright, J. K.; Carroll, L. J.; Cabet, C.; Lillo, T. M.; Benz, J. K.; Simpson, J. A.; Lloyd, W. R.; Chapman, J. A.; Wright, R. N.] Idaho Natl Lab, Next Generat Nucl Plant High Temp Met Project, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. [Cabet, C.] CEA, DEN, DPC, SCCME,Lab Etud Corros Non Aqueuse, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. RP Wright, JK (reprint author), Idaho Natl Lab, Next Generat Nucl Plant High Temp Met Project, POB 1625, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. EM Jill.Wright@inl.gov RI Lilllo, Thomas/S-5031-2016; OI Lilllo, Thomas/0000-0002-7572-7883; Wright, Jill/0000-0001-8909-8144 FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Nuclear Energy FX The authors would like to acknowledge Tammy Trowbridge and Todd Morris for the metallurgical work. This work was supported through the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Nuclear Energy. NR 9 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 19 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0029-5493 EI 1872-759X J9 NUCL ENG DES JI Nucl. Eng. Des. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 251 SI SI BP 252 EP 260 DI 10.1016/j.nucengdes.2011.10.034 PG 9 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 016DC UT WOS:000309496600033 ER PT J AU Phillips, JA Nagley, SG Shaber, EL AF Phillips, Jeffrey A. Nagley, Scott G. Shaber, Eric L. TI Fabrication of uranium oxycarbide kernels and compacts for HTR fuel SO NUCLEAR ENGINEERING AND DESIGN LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Topical Meeting on High Temperature Reactor Technology CY OCT 18-20, 2010 CL Prague, CZECH REPUBLIC ID PARTICLE CROSS-SECTIONS; IRRADIATION PERFORMANCE; HTGR FUEL AB As part of the program to demonstrate tristructural isotropic (TRISO)-coated fuel for the Next Generation Nuclear Plant (NGNP), Advanced Gas Reactor (AGR) fuel is being irradiation tested in the Advanced Test Reactor (ATR) at Idaho National Laboratory (INL). This testing has led to improved kernel fabrication techniques, the formation of TRISO fuel particles, and upgrades to the overcoating, compaction and heat treatment processes. Combined, these improvements provide a fuel manufacturing process that meets the stringent requirements associated with testing in the AGR experimentation program. Researchers at INL are working in conjunction with a team from Babcock and Wilcox (B&W) and Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) to (a) improve the quality of uranium oxycarbide (UCO) fuel kernels, (b) deposit TRISO layers to produce a fuel that meets or exceeds the standard developed by German researches in the 1980s, and (c) develop a process to overcoat TRISO particles with the same matrix material, but apply it with water using equipment previously and successfully employed in the pharmaceutical industry. A primary goal of this work is to simplify the process, making it more robust and repeatable while relying less on operator technique than prior overcoating efforts. A secondary goal is to improve first-pass yields to greater than 95% through the use of established technology and equipment. In the first test, called "AGR-1," graphite compacts containing approximately 300,000 coated particles were irradiated from December 2006 to November 2009. The AGR-1 fuel was designed to closely replicate many of the properties of German TRISO-coated particles thought to be important for good fuel performance. No release of gaseous fission product, indicative of particle coating failure, was detected in the nearly 3-year irradiation to a peak burn up of 19.6% at a time-average temperature of 1038-1121 degrees C. Before fabricating AGR-2 fuel, each fabrication process was improved and changed. Changes to the kernel fabrication process included replacing the carbon-black powder feed with a surface-modified carbon slurry and shortening the sintering schedule. AGR-2 TRISO particles were produced in a 6-inch diameter coater using a charge size about 21-times that of the 2-inch diameter coater used to coat AGR-1 particles. The compacting process was changed to increase matrix density and throughput by increasing the temperature and pressure of pressing and using a different type of press. AGR-2 fuel began irradiation in the ATR in late spring 2010. The high quality UCO kernels used in the AGR fuel tests at ATR were produced by B&W. Fuel for the AGR-1 test (350 mu m, 19.7% U-235-enriched UCO kernels) was produced in 2005. Fuel for the AGR-2 test (425-mu m, 14% enriched UCO kernels and 500-mu m, 9.6% enriched UO2 kernels) was produced in 2008. Fuel of the same size and enrichment as AGR-1 kernels were produced for the AGR-3/4 experiment, yet to be irradiated. B&W has also produced more than 100 kg of natural uranium UCO kernels, which are being used in coating development tests. Successive kernel lots also demonstrate consistent high quality and allow for fabrication process improvements. Improvements in kernel forming were made subsequent to AGR-1 kernel production. Following fabrication of AGR-2 kernels, incremental increases in sintering furnace charge size have been demonstrated. Recently, small-scale sintering tests using a small development furnace equipped with a residual gas analyzer (RGA) have increased understanding of how kernel sintering parameters affect sintered kernel properties. The steps taken to increase throughput and process knowledge have reduced kernel production costs. Other modifications have been studied to increase the current fabrication line capacity for producing first core fuel for the NGNP and to provide a basis for the design of a full-scale fuel fabrication facility. INL and B&W are evaluating an alternative hot-press compaction methodology to yield higher matrix densities, generate less waste, and increase compaction rates without any compromise in compact quality. A variety of process approaches are available and have been historically used to manufacture cylindrical fuel compacts. jet milling, fluid-bed overcoating, and hot-press compacting approaches being adopted by the U.S. Advanced Gas Reactor Fuel Development Program for scale-up of the compacting process involve significant paradigm shifts from historical approaches. These new methods are being pursued simply to increase yields and eliminate process mixed waste. Recent advances in jet-milling technology simplify dry matrix powder preparation. The matrix preparation method is well matched with patented fluid-bed powder overcoating technology, recently developed for the pharmaceutical industry and directly usable for overcoating high-density fuel-particle-matrix. High-density overcoating places fuel particles as close as possible to their final position in the compact and is matched with hot-press compacting, which fully fluidizes matrix resin to achieve die fill at low compacting pressures and without matrix end caps. Overall, the revised methodology provides a simpler process that should provide very high yields, improve homogeneity, further reduce defect fractions, eliminate intermediate grading and quality control steps, and allow further increases in fuel packing fractions. The compacting process for AGR fuel is being scaled-up from a laboratory process to an engineering-scale process ready for replication to meet production requirements. The scale-up effort was started after a year of planning and evaluation. It continues today on the baseline premise of designing a safe, efficient, and cost effective compacting system and adjusting graphite and resin material characteristics as needed to achieve all specification requirements, high yields, and an optimum product within that design. At this writing, the scale-up effort is 20 months into the execution phase. The B&W compacting facility was readied, and the required scale-up process equipment purchased, factory tested, and received. Its installation is nearing completion. By the end of March 2011, overcoating of natural uranium oxycarbide (NUCO) particles for process finalization testing can begin. The fuel qualification test of AGR-5/6 compacts is scheduled in approximately 23 months, so finalizing the process is gaining urgency. Process engineering work on unit operations for compacting has streamlined the fabrication approach, eliminated waste management issues, and allowed specification, design, and purchase of engineering-scale equipment appropriate for efficient compact manufacturing. A set of process-detail surrogate tests were initiated in the summer of 2010 to determine the components and process parameters appropriate for production compacting. (C) 2011 Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Phillips, Jeffrey A.; Shaber, Eric L.] Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. [Nagley, Scott G.] Babcock & Wilcox Nucl Operat Grp, Lynchburg, VA 24505 USA. RP Phillips, JA (reprint author), Idaho Natl Lab, 1955 Fremont Ave, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. EM jeffrey.phillips@inl.gov; sgnagley@babcock.com; eric.shaber@inl.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Nuclear Energy, under DOE Idaho Operations Office [DE-AC07-05ID14517] FX This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Nuclear Energy, under DOE Idaho Operations Office Contract DE-AC07-05ID14517. The authors wish to acknowledge the following individuals who contributed to this research and report: DeWayne L. Husser, Melvin L. Nowlin, and W. Clay Richardson from Babcock and Wilcox Nuclear Operations Group, Lynchburg, VA; and John D. Hunn from Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN. The authors would also like to acknowledge the B&W operators whose work has contributed to the success of the AGR fuel fabrication program. NR 31 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 45 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0029-5493 EI 1872-759X J9 NUCL ENG DES JI Nucl. Eng. Des. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 251 SI SI BP 261 EP 281 DI 10.1016/j.nucengdes.2011.10.033 PG 21 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 016DC UT WOS:000309496600034 ER PT J AU Sen, RS Viljoen, CF AF Sen, R. Sonat Viljoen, Carel F. TI The re-evaluation of the AVR melt-wire experiment with specific focus on different modeling strategies and simplifications SO NUCLEAR ENGINEERING AND DESIGN LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Topical Meeting on High Temperature Reactor Technology CY OCT 18-20, 2010 CL Prague, CZECH REPUBLIC AB The AVR is a pebble-bed type reactor that operated in Germany for 21 years and was closed down in December 1988. The AVR melt-wire experiments, where graphite spheres with melt wires of different melting temperatures were introduced into the core, indicate that measured pebble temperatures significantly exceeded temperatures calculated with the analysis codes available at the time. The reason for these discrepancies are often attributed to the special design features of the AVR, in particular the control rod "noses" protruding into the core, and to inherent features of the pebble bed reactor. In a previous study different possible bypass flows were investigated. This study investigates different modeling strategies and assumptions for the solution of the core neutronics. Due to the complexities specific to the AVR there is not currently a code system that can take into account the noses while simultaneously solving the burnup and diffusion equations in three dimensions. A number of modeling simplifications were therefore made in the historic analysis of the AVR. The aim of this study is to quantify the effects these different simplifications have on the results. This includes the effects of modeling the core neutronics, burn-up and thermo-hydraulics in both two and three dimensions, as well as other simplifications of the geometry. The comparison of the most realistic case to the one comparable to historic calculations show that the difference in temperature predicted with these two models can be as high as 300 C. The gas temperature distribution at the top of the core, where the maximum temperatures occur, is in fair agreement with the melt-wire experiment data even though few simplifications are introduced to the models and the power history has not been simulated. The results also serve as input to the final modeling strategy to repeat the modeling of the operational history of the AVR, which is planned for the future. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Sen, R. Sonat; Viljoen, Carel F.] Pebble Bed Modular Reactor Pty Ltd, Centurion, South Africa. RP Sen, RS (reprint author), Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. EM sonat.sen@inl.gov NR 17 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0029-5493 EI 1872-759X J9 NUCL ENG DES JI Nucl. Eng. Des. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 251 SI SI BP 306 EP 316 DI 10.1016/j.nucengdes.2011.10.027 PG 11 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 016DC UT WOS:000309496600039 ER PT J AU Lambert, T Grover, B Guillermier, P Moulinier, D Huart, FI AF Lambert, T. Grover, B. Guillermier, P. Moulinier, D. Huart, F. Imbault TI AGR-2: The first irradiation of French HTR fuel in Advanced Test Reactor SO NUCLEAR ENGINEERING AND DESIGN LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Topical Meeting on High Temperature Reactor Technology CY OCT 18-20, 2010 CL Prague, CZECH REPUBLIC AB AGR-2, the second irradiation of the US program for qualification of the NGNP fuel, is open to international participation within the scope of the Generation IV International Forum. In this frame, it includes in its multi-capsule irradiation rig an irradiation of French HTR fuel manufactured in the CAPRI line (GAIA facility at CEA/Cadarache and AREVA/CERCA compacting line at Romans). The AGR-2 irradiation is designed to place our first fabrications of HTR particles under operating conditions that are representative of ANTARES project while keeping close to the test range of the German fuel as much as possible, which is the reference in terms of irradiation behavior. A few batches of particles and 12 fuel compacts were produced and characterized in 2009 by CEA and CERCA. The fuel main characteristics are in conformity with our specifications and in compliance with INL requirements. The AGR-2 experiment is based on the design and devices used in the first experiment of the AGR program. The design makes it possible to monitor the irradiation conditions and in particular, the temperature, the power and the fission products released from fuel particles. The in pile equipment consists of a multi-capsule device designed to simultaneously irradiate six independent capsules with temperature control. The out-of-core part consists of the equipment for actively controlling temperature and measuring the fission products release on-line. The target conditions for the irradiation experiment were defined with the aim of comparing the results obtained under irradiation with German particles along with the objectives of reaching burn-up and fluence targets to validate the behavior of our fuel in a significant range (15% FIMA - 5 x 10(25) n/m(2) at 600 EFPD with centerline fuel temperature about 1100 degrees C). These conditions have to be representative of ANTARES project characteristics. These target conditions were compared with final results from neutron and thermal design studies performed by INL team, and preliminary thermal mechanical ATLAS calculations were carried out by CEA from this pre-design. Despite the mean burn-up achieved in approximately 600 EFPD being a little high (16.3% FIMA max. associated with a low fluence up to 2.85 x 10(25) n/m(2)), this irradiation will nevertheless encompass the range of irradiation effects covered in our experimental objectives (maximum stress peak at start of irradiation then sign inversion of the stress in the SiC layer). In addition, the fluence and burn-up acceleration factors are very similar to those of the German reference experiments. This experimental irradiation began in July 2010 in the Advanced Test Reactor (AIR) at the Idaho National Laboratory (INL) and first results have been acquired. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Lambert, T.; Moulinier, D.] Commissariat Energie Atom, Ctr Etud Cadarache, DEN DEC, F-13108 St Paul Les Durance, France. [Grover, B.] Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. [Guillermier, P.; Huart, F. Imbault] AREVA NP, F-69456 Lyon 06, France. RP Lambert, T (reprint author), Commissariat Energie Atom, Ctr Etud Cadarache, DEN DEC, F-13108 St Paul Les Durance, France. EM thierry.lambert@cea.fr; Blaine.Grover@inl.gov; pierre.guillermier@areva.com; dominique.moulinier@cea.fr; florent.imbault-huart@areva.com NR 8 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0029-5493 EI 1872-759X J9 NUCL ENG DES JI Nucl. Eng. Des. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 251 SI SI BP 360 EP 368 DI 10.1016/j.nucengdes.2011.09.058 PG 9 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 016DC UT WOS:000309496600046 ER PT J AU Datskos, PG Lavrik, NV Hunter, SR Rajic, S Grbovic, D AF Datskos, P. G. Lavrik, N. V. Hunter, S. R. Rajic, S. Grbovic, D. TI Infrared imaging using arrays of SiO2 micromechanical detectors SO OPTICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID MICROCANTILEVER ARRAYS; PERFORMANCE; DESIGN AB In this Letter, we describe the fabrication of an array of bimaterial detectors for infrared (IR) imaging that utilize SiO2 as a structural material. All the substrate material underneath the active area of each detector element was removed. Each detector element incorporates an optical resonant cavity layer in the IR-absorbing region of the sensing element. The simplified microfabrication process requires only four photolithographic steps with no wet etching or sacrificial layers. The thermomechanical deflection sensitivity was 7.9 x 10(-3) rad/K, which corresponds to a noise equivalent temperature difference (NETD) of 2.9 mK. In the present work, the array was used to capture IR images while operating at room temperature and atmospheric pressure without the need for vacuum packaging. The average measured NETD of our IR detector system was approximately 200 mK, but some sensing elements exhibited an NETD of 50 mK. (C) 2012 Optical Society of America C1 [Datskos, P. G.; Lavrik, N. V.; Hunter, S. R.; Rajic, S.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37931 USA. [Datskos, P. G.; Lavrik, N. V.] Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Grbovic, D.] USN, Dept Phys, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Datskos, PG (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37931 USA. EM datskospg@ornl.gov RI Lavrik, Nickolay/B-5268-2011 OI Lavrik, Nickolay/0000-0002-9543-5634 FU Laboratory Director's Research and Development Program of Oak Ridge National Laboratory; Scientific User Facilities Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy; U.S. Department of Energy by UT-Battelle [DE-AC05-00OR22725] FX The work performed was supported by the Laboratory Director's Research and Development Program of Oak Ridge National Laboratory. Microfabrication was performed in part at Cornell NanoScale Facility. A portion of this research was conducted at the Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, which is sponsored at Oak Ridge National Laboratory by the Scientific User Facilities Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy. Oak Ridge National Laboratory is operated for the U.S. Department of Energy by UT-Battelle under Contract No. DE-AC05-00OR22725. NR 14 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 17 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0146-9592 J9 OPT LETT JI Opt. Lett. PD OCT 1 PY 2012 VL 37 IS 19 BP 3966 EP 3968 PG 3 WC Optics SC Optics GA 016TR UT WOS:000309542900014 PM 23027247 ER PT J AU O'Brien, K Lanzillotti-Kimura, ND Suchowski, H Kante, B Park, Y Yin, XB Zhang, X AF O'Brien, Kevin Lanzillotti-Kimura, N. D. Suchowski, Haim Kante, Boubacar Park, Yongshik Yin, Xiaobo Zhang, Xiang TI Reflective interferometry for optical metamaterial phase measurements SO OPTICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ELECTROMAGNETICALLY INDUCED TRANSPARENCY; SPECTRAL INTERFERENCE; ULTRASHORT PULSES; REAL-TIME; INDEX; LIGHT; NANOSTRUCTURES; RESOLUTION AB The unambiguous determination of optical refractive indices of metamaterials is a challenging task for device applications and the study of new optical phenomena. We demonstrate here simple broadband phase measurements of metamaterials using spectrally and spatially resolved interferometry. We study the phase response of a pi-shaped metamaterial known to be an analog to electromagnetically induced transparency. The measured broadband interferograms give the phase delay or advance produced by the metamaterial in a single measurement. The presented technique offers an effective way of characterizing optical metamaterials including nonlinear and gain-metamaterial systems. (C) 2012 Optical Society of America C1 [O'Brien, Kevin; Lanzillotti-Kimura, N. D.; Suchowski, Haim; Kante, Boubacar; Park, Yongshik; Yin, Xiaobo; Zhang, Xiang] Univ Calif Berkeley, NSF Nanoscale Sci & Engn Ctr NSEC, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [O'Brien, Kevin] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Zhang, Xiang] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Zhang, X (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, NSF Nanoscale Sci & Engn Ctr NSEC, 3112 Etcheverry Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM xiang@berkeley.edu RI Yin, Xiaobo/A-4142-2011; Zhang, Xiang/F-6905-2011; Lanzillotti Kimura, Norberto Daniel/C-2452-2008 OI Lanzillotti Kimura, Norberto Daniel/0000-0002-6056-5551 FU US Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX This work was supported by the US Department of Energy under contract no. DE-AC02-05CH11231. NR 22 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 3 U2 24 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0146-9592 EI 1539-4794 J9 OPT LETT JI Opt. Lett. PD OCT 1 PY 2012 VL 37 IS 19 BP 4089 EP 4091 PG 3 WC Optics SC Optics GA 016TR UT WOS:000309542900055 PM 23027288 ER PT J AU Crease, RP AF Crease, Robert P. TI Critical Point How to vote SO PHYSICS WORLD LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Crease, Robert P.] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Philosophy, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. [Crease, Robert P.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Crease, RP (reprint author), SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Philosophy, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. EM rcrease@notes.cc.sunysb.edu NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0953-8585 J9 PHYS WORLD JI Phys. World PD OCT PY 2012 VL 25 IS 10 BP 21 EP 21 PG 1 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 020CM UT WOS:000309786300018 ER PT J AU Li, ZZ Xu, YW Warner, D Volkow, ND AF Li, Zizhong Xu, Youwen Warner, Don Volkow, Nora D. TI Alcohol ADME in Primates Studied with Positron Emission Tomography SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID BRAIN ETHANOL-METABOLISM; RAT-BRAIN; SYSTEM PET; ACETALDEHYDE; DEUTERIUM; OXIDATION; LIVER; KINETICS; CONSUMPTION; POLYMORPHISMS AB Background and Purpose: The sensitivity to the intoxicating effects of alcohol as well as its adverse medical consequences differ markedly among individuals, which reflects in part differences in alcohol's absorption, distribution, metabolism, and elimination (ADME) properties. The ADME of alcohol in the body and its relationship with alcohol's brain bioavailability, however, is not well understood. Experimental Approach: The ADME of C-11 labeled alcohol, (CH3CH2OH)-C-11, 1 and C-11 and deuterium dual labeled alcohol, (CH3CD2OH)-C-11, 2 in baboons was compared based on the principle that C-D bond is stronger than C-H bond, thus the reaction is slower if C-D bond breaking occurs in a rate-determining metabolic step. The following ADME parameters in peripheral organs and brain were derived from time activity curve (TAC) of positron emission tomography (PET) scans: peak uptake (C-max); peak uptake time (T-max), half-life of peak uptake (T-1/2), the area under the curve (AUC(60min)), and the residue uptake (C-60min). Key Results: For 1 the highest uptake occurred in the kidney whereas for 2 it occurred in the liver. A deuterium isotope effect was observed in the kidneys in both animals studied and in the liver of one animal but not the other. The highest uptake for 1 and 2 in the brain was in striatum and cerebellum but 2 had higher uptake than 1 in all brain regions most evidently in thalamus and cingulate. Alcohol's brain uptake was significantly higher when given intravenously than when given orally and also when the animal was pretreated with a pharmacological dose of alcohol. Conclusion and Implications: The study shows that alcohol metabolism in peripheral organs had a large effect on alcohol's brain bioavailability. This study sets the stage for clinical investigation on how genetics, gender and alcohol abuse affect alcohol's ADME and its relationship to intoxication and medical consequences. C1 [Li, Zizhong; Xu, Youwen; Warner, Don] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Med, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Volkow, Nora D.] NIAAA, Bethesda, MD USA. [Volkow, Nora D.] NIDA, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RP Li, ZZ (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Med, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM Zizhong_li@eisai.com FU Brookhaven National Laboratory (LDRD) [03-103]; National Institute on Alcoholism and Alcohol Abuse [5R21AA014018-03]; United States Department of Energy [DE-AC02-98CH1-886]; National Institutes of Health (Intramural Research Program of the National Institute on Alcoholism and Alcohol Abuse) FX ZL was supported by a grant from Brookhaven National Laboratory (LDRD#03-103) and he is the author of a grant from National Institute on Alcoholism and Alcohol Abuse (5R21AA014018-03). This research was also funded by United States Department of Energy (DE-AC02-98CH1-886) and National Institutes of Health (Intramural Research Program of the National Institute on Alcoholism and Alcohol Abuse). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 56 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 11 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD OCT 1 PY 2012 VL 7 IS 10 AR e46676 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0046676 PG 9 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 014PQ UT WOS:000309388500039 PM 23049712 ER PT J AU Chavez, DE Parrish, DA AF Chavez, David E. Parrish, Damon A. TI Synthesis and Characterization of 1-Nitroguanyl-3-nitro-5-amino-1,2,4-triazole SO PROPELLANTS EXPLOSIVES PYROTECHNICS LA English DT Article DE Insensitive explosives; Nitrotriazoles ID SALTS AB The synthesis of 1-nitroguanyl-3-nitro-5-amino-1,2,4-triazole (ANTA-NQ) (1) with good yield and high purity is described. DSC analysis showed that the material displays good thermal stability. An X-ray crystallographic analysis confirms the structure of this material, as well as displays intramolecular hydrogen bonding. A gas pycnometry density for this material was measured to be 1.79 g?cm-3. The heat of formation of this material was also measured. These data, along with the molecular formula were used as inputs to calculate the detonation velocity and detonation pressure using the Cheetah thermochemical code. The sensitivity of this material towards impact, spark and friction was also measured, as well as its vacuum thermal stability. The 3-azido derivative 2 was also prepared and its properties are described as well. The above data show that (ANTA-NQ) may be a high performing material with low sensitivity and good thermal stability. C1 [Chavez, David E.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Parrish, Damon A.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Chavez, DE (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, MS C920, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM dechavez@lanl.gov FU Department of Defense; Department of Energy Munitions Technology Development; Office of Naval Research [N00014-11-AF-0-0002] FX This work was supported by the joint Department of Defense and the Department of Energy Munitions Technology Development. The Los Alamos National Laboratory is operated by Los Alamos National Security for the U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Agency. The authors thank the Office of Naval Research (Award No. N00014-11-AF-0-0002). We also would like to thank Gabriel Avilucea for sensitivity testing, Stephanie Hagelberg for elemental analysis, Jose Archuleta for chemical analysis and Mary M. Sandstrom for thermal analysis. NR 19 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 2 U2 16 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA BOSCHSTRASSE 12, D-69469 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 0721-3115 J9 PROPELL EXPLOS PYROT JI Propellants Explos. Pyrotech. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 37 IS 5 BP 536 EP 539 DI 10.1002/prep.201100112 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Applied; Engineering, Chemical SC Chemistry; Engineering GA 017NU UT WOS:000309597700002 ER PT J AU Bhattacharia, SK Maiti, A Gee, RH Weeks, BL AF Bhattacharia, Sanjoy K. Maiti, Amitesh Gee, Richard H. Weeks, Brandon L. TI Sublimation Properties of Pentaerythritol Tetranitrate Single Crystals Doped with Its Homologs SO PROPELLANTS EXPLOSIVES PYROTECHNICS LA English DT Article DE Single crystal; PETN; DiPEHN; TriPEON; Kinetic and thermodynamic property; Vapor pressure ID VAPOR-PRESSURE; THERMODYNAMIC ANALYSIS; IMPURITY CONCENTRATION; GROWTH; PETN; THERMOGRAVIMETRY; TEMPERATURE; EVAPORATION; MICROSCOPY; MORPHOLOGY AB Pentaerythritol tetranitrate (PETN) is a secondary explosive used extensively in military and commercial applications. Coarsening of PETN during long-term storage changes the physical properties such as surface area and particle morphology which are important factors in initiation and performance. Doping of impurities was proposed to slow the coarsening process since impurities were shown to modify both the kinetic and thermodynamic properties. In this paper, we discuss how doping of PETN with its homologs of dipentaerythritol hexanitrate (diPEHN) and tripentaerytritol octanitrate (triPEON) affect kinetic and thermodynamic parameters. Pure and homolog doped PETN single crystals were prepared by solvent evaporation in acetone at room temperature. Doping concentrations for this study were 1000 ppm, 5000 ppm, and 10000 ppm. Activation energy and vapor pressure of pure and doped PETN single crystals were obtained from thermogravimetric analysis data. C1 [Bhattacharia, Sanjoy K.; Weeks, Brandon L.] Texas Tech Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Lubbock, TX 79415 USA. [Maiti, Amitesh; Gee, Richard H.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Bhattacharia, SK (reprint author), Texas Tech Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Lubbock, TX 79415 USA. EM brandon.weeks@ttu.edu RI Weeks, Brandon/P-6331-2014 OI Weeks, Brandon/0000-0003-2552-4129 FU Office of Naval Research [N00014-06-1-0922]; U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence LivermoreNational Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344] FX This work was performed under the auspices of the Office of Naval Research under the project number N00014-06-1-0922. The work at LLNL was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence LivermoreNational Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. NR 34 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 11 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA BOSCHSTRASSE 12, D-69469 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 0721-3115 J9 PROPELL EXPLOS PYROT JI Propellants Explos. Pyrotech. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 37 IS 5 BP 563 EP 568 DI 10.1002/prep.201100114 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Applied; Engineering, Chemical SC Chemistry; Engineering GA 017NU UT WOS:000309597700007 ER PT J AU Lee, S Loth, E AF Lee, S. Loth, E. TI Impact of Ramped Vanes on Normal Shock Boundary-Layer Interaction SO AIAA JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID DIRECT NUMERICAL-SIMULATION; LARGE-EDDY SIMULATION; VORTEX GENERATOR GEOMETRIES; COMPRESSION-RAMP; ASYMMETRIC DIFFUSER; PART 1; FLOW; WAVE; TURBULENCE; UNSTEADINESS AB Large-eddy simulations of a vortex generator embedded upstream of a normal shock boundary-layer interaction followed by a subsonic diffuser were conducted. In particular, the "ramped-vane" flow control device was placed in a supersonic boundary layer with a freestream Mach number of 1.3 and a Reynolds number of 2400 based on momentum thickness. The ramped vane had a height of 0.52 delta and generated strong streamwise vorticity that entrained the high-momentum flow to the near-wall region. This contributed to decreasing the shock-induced flow separation while significantly increasing the skin friction coefficient in the diffuser where a strong adverse pressure gradient was present. In addition, it was found that the high-momentum flow persisted far downstream of the shock interaction region, which yielded reductions of both the displacement thickness and the shape factors compared to the uncontrolled case. C1 [Lee, S.] Univ Illinois, Dept Aerosp Engn, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Loth, E.] Univ Virginia, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA. RP Lee, S (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RI Lee, Sang/F-4023-2012 FU NASA Fundamental Aeronautics Program FX This work was supported by the NASA Fundamental Aeronautics Program. The authors gratefully acknowledge Nick Georgiadis and James Debonis of NASA John H. Glenn Research Center at Lewis Field, Holger Babinsky of Cambridge University, and Jonathan Freud of University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign for their helpful comments and suggestions. The computational resources were provided by the National Center for Supercomputing Applications. NR 63 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 11 PU AMER INST AERONAUTICS ASTRONAUTICS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA SN 0001-1452 EI 1533-385X J9 AIAA J JI AIAA J. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 50 IS 10 BP 2069 EP 2079 DI 10.2514/I.J051253 PG 11 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA 013KY UT WOS:000309305500005 ER PT J AU Thaisz, J Tsaih, SW Feng, MJ Philip, VM Zhang, YY Yanas, L Sheehan, S Xu, LF Miller, DR Paigen, B Chesler, EJ Churchill, GA DiPetrillo, K AF Thaisz, Jill Tsaih, Shirng-Wern Feng, Minjie Philip, Vivek M. Zhang, Yunyu Yanas, Liane Sheehan, Susan Xu, Lingfei Miller, Darla R. Paigen, Beverly Chesler, Elissa J. Churchill, Gary A. DiPetrillo, Keith TI Genetic analysis of albuminuria in collaborative cross and multiple mouse intercross populations SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-RENAL PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE haplotype association mapping; quantitative trait locus ID QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCI; CHRONIC KIDNEY-DISEASE; TYPE-2 DIABETIC-NEPHROPATHY; BLOOD-PRESSURE; AFRICAN-AMERICANS; SYSTEMS GENETICS; ASSOCIATION; PROTEINURIA; LINKAGE; TARGET AB Thaisz J, Tsaih S, Feng M, Philip VM, Zhang Y, Yanas L, Sheehan S, Xu L, Miller DR, Paigen B, Chesler EJ, Churchill GA, DiPetrillo K. Genetic analysis of albuminuria in collaborative cross and multiple mouse intercross populations. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 303: F972-F981, 2012. First published August 1, 2012; doi:10.1152/ajprenal.00690.2011.-Albuminuria is an important marker of nephropathy that increases the risk of progressive renal and chronic cardiovascular diseases. The genetic basis of kidney disease is well-established in humans and rodent models, but the causal genes remain to be identified. We applied several genetic strategies to map and refine genetic loci affecting albuminuria in mice and translated the findings to human kidney disease. First, we measured albuminuria in mice from 33 inbred strains, used the data for haplotype association mapping (HAM), and detected 10 genomic regions associated with albuminuria. Second, we performed eight F-2 intercrosses between genetically diverse strains to identify six loci underlying albuminuria, each of which was concordant to kidney disease loci in humans. Third, we used the Oak Ridge National Laboratory incipient Collaborative Cross subpopulation to detect an additional novel quantitative trait loci (QTL) underlying albuminuria. We also performed a ninth intercross, between genetically similar strains, that substantially narrowed an albuminuria QTL on Chromosome 17 to a region containing four known genes. Finally, we measured renal gene expression in inbred mice to detect pathways highly correlated with albuminuria. Expression analysis also identified Glcci1, a gene known to affect podocyte structure and function in zebrafish, as a strong candidate gene for the albuminuria QTL on Chromosome 6. Overall, these findings greatly enhance our understanding of the genetic basis of albuminuria in mice and may guide future studies into the genetic basis of kidney disease in humans. C1 [Thaisz, Jill; Feng, Minjie; Zhang, Yunyu; Xu, Lingfei; DiPetrillo, Keith] Novartis Inst BioMed Res, E Hanover, NJ 07936 USA. [Thaisz, Jill; Feng, Minjie; Yanas, Liane; Xu, Lingfei; DiPetrillo, Keith] Novartis Pharmaceut, E Hanover, NJ USA. [Tsaih, Shirng-Wern; Sheehan, Susan; Paigen, Beverly; Chesler, Elissa J.; Churchill, Gary A.] Jackson Lab, Bar Harbor, ME 04609 USA. [Philip, Vivek M.; Miller, Darla R.; Chesler, Elissa J.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. RP DiPetrillo, K (reprint author), Novartis Inst BioMed Res, 1 Hlth Plaza,Bldg 437,Rm 4331, E Hanover, NJ 07936 USA. EM keith.dipetrillo@novartis.com OI Philip, Vivek/0000-0001-5126-707X FU Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research; National Institutes of Health [GM070683, GM076468]; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Biological and Environmental Research (BER) programs; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC05-00OR22725]; U.S. Government [DE-AC05-00OR22725] FX This work was supported by the Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research and by National Institutes of Health Grants to G. A. Churchill (GM070683; GM076468).; A portion of this research was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Biological and Environmental Research (BER) programs and performed at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL). ORNL is managed by UT-Battelle, LLC, for the U.S. Department of Energy under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725. The submitted manuscript has been co-authored by a contractor of the U.S. Government under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725. Accordingly, the U.S. Government retains a nonexclusive, royalty-free license to publish or reproduce the published form of this contribution, or allow others to do so, for U.S. Government purposes. NR 44 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 1931-857X EI 1522-1466 J9 AM J PHYSIOL-RENAL JI Am. J. Physiol.-Renal Physiol. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 303 IS 7 BP F972 EP F981 DI 10.1152/ajprenal.00690.2011 PG 10 WC Physiology; Urology & Nephrology SC Physiology; Urology & Nephrology GA 016IW UT WOS:000309512400008 PM 22859403 ER PT J AU Liu, X Xiang, JJ Tang, Y Zhang, XL Fu, QQ Zou, JH Lin, YH AF Liu, Xi Xiang, Jun-Jian Tang, Yong Zhang, Xiao-Li Fu, Qiang-Qiang Zou, Jun-Hui Lin, YueHe TI Colloidal gold nanoparticle probe-based immunochromatographic assay for the rapid detection of chromium ions in water and serum samples SO ANALYTICA CHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article DE Chromium ions; Gold nanoparticle; Immunochromatography assay; Rapid test; Quantification ID ATOMIC-ABSORPTION-SPECTROMETRY; CLOUD POINT EXTRACTION; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; CHELATE COMPLEXES; CR(VI); SPECIATION; CR(III); BIOSENSOR; SYSTEM; PERFORMANCE AB An immunochromatographic assay (ICA) using gold nanoparticles coated with monoclonal antibody (McAb) for the detection of chromium ions (Cr) in water and serum samples was developed, optimized and validated. Gold nanoparticles coated with affinity-purified monoclonal antibodies against isothiocyanobenzyl-EDTA (iEDTA)-chelated Cr3+ were used as the detecting reagent in this completive immunoassay-based one-step test strip. The ICA was investigated to measure chromium speciation (Cr3+ and Cr6+ ions) in water samples. Chromium standard samples of 0-80 ng mL(-1) in water were determined by the test strips. The results showed that the visual lowest detection limit (LDL) of the test strip was 50.0 ng mL(-1). A portable calorimetric lateral flow reader was used for the quantification of Cr. The results indicated that the linear range of the ICA with calorimetric detection was 5-80 ng mL(-1). The ICA was also validated for the detection of chromium ions in serum samples. The test trips showed high stability in that they could be stored at 37 degrees C for at least 12 weeks without significant loss of activity. The test strip also showed good selectivity for Cr detection with negligible interference from other heavy metals. Because of its low cost and short testing time (within 5 min), the test strip is especially suitable for on-site large-scale screening of Cr-polluted water samples, biomonitoring of Cr exposure, and many other field applications. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Liu, Xi; Xiang, Jun-Jian; Tang, Yong; Zhang, Xiao-Li; Fu, Qiang-Qiang; Zou, Jun-Hui] Antibody Engn Ctr Jinan Univ, Guangdong Prov Key Lab Mol Immunol & Antibody Eng, Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong, Peoples R China. [Tang, Yong; Lin, YueHe] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Tang, Y (reprint author), Antibody Engn Ctr Jinan Univ, Guangdong Prov Key Lab Mol Immunol & Antibody Eng, Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong, Peoples R China. EM ty7926@qq.com RI Lin, Yuehe/D-9762-2011 OI Lin, Yuehe/0000-0003-3791-7587 FU National High Technology Research and Development Program ("863" Program) of China [2008AA10Z427]; Cooperation of Industry, Education and Academy of Guangdong government [2009B090300452]; NIH from the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) [U54 ES16015]; DOE [DE-AC05-76RL01830] FX This work was supported by the National High Technology Research and Development Program ("863" Program) of China (2008AA10Z427) and Cooperation of Industry, Education and Academy of Guangdong government (2009B090300452). The work was also partially supported by a NIH grant (U54 ES16015) from the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS). The contents of this publication are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of the NIH. Pacific Northwest National Laboratory is operated by Battelle for DOE under Contract DE-AC05-76RL01830. NR 33 TC 39 Z9 51 U1 11 U2 162 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0003-2670 J9 ANAL CHIM ACTA JI Anal. Chim. Acta PD OCT 1 PY 2012 VL 745 BP 99 EP 105 DI 10.1016/j.aca.2012.06.029 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA 007QJ UT WOS:000308902900013 PM 22938612 ER PT J AU Converse, RR Wymer, LJ Dufour, AP Wade, TJ AF Converse, Reagan R. Wymer, Larry J. Dufour, Alfred P. Wade, Timothy J. TI Comparison of the Multiple-Sample Means with Composite Sample Results for Fecal Indicator Bacteria by Quantitative PCR and Culture SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID RECREATIONAL WATER-QUALITY; RAPIDLY MEASURED INDICATORS; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; MARINE BEACHES; ILLNESS AB Few studies have addressed the efficacy of composite sampling for measuring indicator bacteria by quantitative PCR (qPCR). We compared results from composited samples with multiple-sample means for culture-and qPCR-based water quality monitoring. Results from composited samples for both methods were similarly correlated to multiple- sample means and predicted criteria exceedances equally. C1 [Converse, Reagan R.] Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Oak Ridge, TN USA. [Converse, Reagan R.; Wade, Timothy J.] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Wymer, Larry J.; Dufour, Alfred P.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Converse, RR (reprint author), Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Oak Ridge, TN USA. EM converse.reagan@epa.gov NR 20 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 16 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 78 IS 19 BP 7166 EP 7169 DI 10.1128/AEM.01662-12 PG 4 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 005KM UT WOS:000308749300053 PM 22865067 ER PT J AU Higashide, W Li, YC Yang, YF Liao, JC AF Higashide, Wendy Li, Yongchao Yang, Yunfeng Liao, James C. TI Metabolic Engineering of Clostridium cellulolyticum for Production of Isobutanol from Cellulose (vol 77, pg 2727, 2011) SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Correction C1 [Higashide, Wendy] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, BioEnergy Sci Ctr, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Inst Genom & Prote, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. RP Higashide, W (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. NR 2 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 22 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 78 IS 19 BP 7171 EP 7171 DI 10.1128/AEM.02335-12 PG 1 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 005KM UT WOS:000308749300055 ER PT J AU Chandler, JA Eisen, JA Kopp, A AF Chandler, James Angus Eisen, Jonathan A. Kopp, Artyom TI Yeast Communities of Diverse Drosophila Species: Comparison of Two Symbiont Groups in the Same Hosts SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID FRUIT PARAHANCORNIA-AMAPA; ASCOMYCETOUS YEASTS; FOOD PREFERENCES; YOSEMITE REGION; FEEDING BEETLES; GUT MICROBIOME; SP-NOV; MELANOGASTER; BACTERIAL; ECOLOGY AB The combination of ecological diversity with genetic and experimental tractability makes Drosophila a powerful model for the study of animal-associated microbial communities. Despite the known importance of yeasts in Drosophila physiology, behavior, and fitness, most recent work has focused on Drosophila-bacterial interactions. In order to get a more complete understanding of the Drosophila microbiome, we characterized the yeast communities associated with different Drosophila species collected around the world. We focused on the phylum Ascomycota because it constitutes the vast majority of the Drosophila-associated yeasts. Our sampling strategy allowed us to compare the distribution and structure of the yeast and bacterial communities in the same host populations. We show that yeast communities are dominated by a small number of abundant taxa, that the same yeast lineages are associated with different host species and populations, and that host diet has a greater effect than host species on yeast community composition. These patterns closely parallel those observed in Drosophila bacterial communities. However, we do not detect a significant correlation between the yeast and bacterial communities of the same host populations. Comparative analysis of different symbiont groups provides a more comprehensive picture of host-microbe interactions. Future work on the role of symbiont communities in animal physiology, ecological adaptation, and evolution would benefit from a similarly holistic approach. C1 [Chandler, James Angus; Eisen, Jonathan A.; Kopp, Artyom] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Ecol & Evolut, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Chandler, James Angus; Eisen, Jonathan A.; Kopp, Artyom] Univ Calif Davis, Ctr Populat Biol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Eisen, Jonathan A.] Univ Calif Davis, Genome Ctr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Eisen, Jonathan A.] Univ Calif Davis, Sch Med, Dept Med Microbiol & Immunol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Eisen, Jonathan A.] US DOE, Joint Genome Inst, Walnut Creek, CA USA. RP Chandler, JA (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Ecol & Evolut, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM jschandler@ucdavis.edu OI Eisen, Jonathan A./0000-0002-0159-2197 FU UC-Davis Center for Population Biology Graduate Student Research Award; Alfred P. Sloan Foundation grant; NSF grant [IOS-0815141] FX This work was supported by a UC-Davis Center for Population Biology Graduate Student Research Award to J.A.C., by an Alfred P. Sloan Foundation grant to J.A.E., and by NSF grant IOS-0815141 to A.K. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 82 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 5 U2 44 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 EI 1098-5336 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 78 IS 20 BP 7327 EP 7336 DI 10.1128/AEM.01741-12 PG 10 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 013TL UT WOS:000309328700018 PM 22885750 ER PT J AU Graham, AM Bullock, AL Maizel, AC Elias, DA Gilmour, CC AF Graham, Andrew M. Bullock, Allyson L. Maizel, Andrew C. Elias, Dwayne A. Gilmour, Cynthia C. TI Detailed Assessment of the Kinetics of Hg-Cell Association, Hg Methylation, and Methylmercury Degradation in Several Desulfovibrio Species SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SULFATE-REDUCING BACTERIA; DESULFOBULBUS-PROPIONICUS 1PR3; FRESH-WATER SEDIMENTS; MERCURY-METHYLATION; ANAEROBIC-BACTERIA; MARINE-SEDIMENTS; PURE CULTURES; CONTAMINATED SEDIMENTS; PRINCIPAL METHYLATORS; ESTUARINE SEDIMENT AB The kinetics of inorganic Hg [Hg(II)(i)] association, methylation, and methylmercury (MeHg) demethylation were examined for a group of Desulfovibrio species with and without MeHg production capability. We employed a detailed method for assessing MeHg production in cultures, including careful control of medium chemistry, cell density, and growth phase, plus mass balance of Hg(II)(i) and MeHg during the assays. We tested the hypothesis that differences in Hg(II)(i) sorption and/or uptake rates drive observed differences in methylation rates among Desulfovibrio species. Hg(II)(i) associated rapidly and with high affinity to both methylating and nonmethylating species. MeHg production by Hg-methylating strains was rapid, plateauing after similar to 3 h. All MeHg produced was rapidly exported. We also tested the idea that all Desulfovibrio species are capable of Hg(II)(i) methylation but that rapid demethylation masks its production, but we found this was not the case. Therefore, the underlying reason why MeHg production capability is not universal in the Desulfovibrio is not differences in Hg affinity for cells nor differences in the ability of strains to degrade MeHg. However, Hg methylation rates varied substantially between Hg-methylating Desulfovibrio species even in these controlled experiments and after normalization to cell density. Thus, biological differences may drive cross-species differences in Hg methylation rates. As part of this study, we identified four new Hg methylators (Desulfovibrio aespoeensis, D. alkalitolerans, D. psychrotolerans, and D. sulfodismutans) and four nonmethylating species (Desulfovibrio alcohol-ivorans, D. tunisiensis, D. carbinoliphilus, and D. piger) in our ongoing effort to generate a library of strains for Hg methylation genomics. C1 [Graham, Andrew M.; Bullock, Allyson L.; Maizel, Andrew C.; Gilmour, Cynthia C.] Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA. [Elias, Dwayne A.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Oak Ridge, TN USA. RP Gilmour, CC (reprint author), Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, POB 28, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA. EM gilmourc@si.edu RI Elias, Dwayne/B-5190-2011; Gilmour, Cynthia/G-1784-2010 OI Elias, Dwayne/0000-0002-4469-6391; Gilmour, Cynthia/0000-0002-1720-9498 FU U.S. Department of Energy under the Subsurface Biogeochemical Research Program (SBR); Office of Biological and Environmental Research, Office of Science through the Mercury Science Focus Area Program at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL); National Science Foundation grant [DEB0351050]; University of Tennessee UT-Battelle, LLC [DEAC05-00OR22725]; Smithsonian Institution Fellowship Program FX This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy under the Subsurface Biogeochemical Research Program (SBR), Office of Biological and Environmental Research, Office of Science, through the Mercury Science Focus Area Program at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), and by National Science Foundation grant DEB0351050 (C.C.G.). ORNL is managed by University of Tennessee UT-Battelle, LLC, for the Department of Energy under contract no. DEAC05-00OR22725. A.M.G. acknowledges support from the Smithsonian Institution Fellowship Program. NR 60 TC 15 Z9 17 U1 3 U2 55 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 78 IS 20 BP 7337 EP 7346 DI 10.1128/AEM.01792-12 PG 10 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 013TL UT WOS:000309328700019 PM 22885751 ER PT J AU Yue, M Schmieder, R Edwards, RA Rankin, SC Schifferli, DM AF Yue, Min Schmieder, Robert Edwards, Robert A. Rankin, Shelley C. Schifferli, Dieter M. TI Microfluidic PCR Combined with Pyrosequencing for Identification of Allelic Variants with Phenotypic Associations among Targeted Salmonella Genes SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ENTERICA SEROVAR ENTERITIDIS; CONJUGAL TRANSFER; FIMH ADHESIN; RESISTANCE; EVOLUTION; INTESTINE; BINDING; NEWPORT; DISEASE; CELLS AB A novel targeted massive parallel sequencing approach identified genetic variation in eight known or predicted fimbrial adhesins for 46 Salmonella strains. The results highlight associations between specific adhesin alleles, host species, and antimicrobial resistance. The differentiation of allelic variants has potential applications for diagnostic microbiology and epidemiological investigations. C1 [Yue, Min; Rankin, Shelley C.; Schifferli, Dieter M.] Univ Penn, Sch Vet Med, Dept Pathobiol, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Schmieder, Robert; Edwards, Robert A.] San Diego State Univ, Coll Sci, Dept Comp Sci, San Diego, CA 92182 USA. [Edwards, Robert A.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Math & Comp Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Schifferli, DM (reprint author), Univ Penn, Sch Vet Med, Dept Pathobiol, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. EM dmschiff@vet.upenn.edu OI Yue, Min/0000-0002-6787-0794 FU University of Pennsylvania Research Foundation grant; University of Pennsylvania Veterinary Center for Infectious Disease FX This work was supported by a University of Pennsylvania Research Foundation grant and Research Initiative Funds from the University of Pennsylvania Veterinary Center for Infectious Disease. NR 21 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 10 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 78 IS 20 BP 7480 EP 7482 DI 10.1128/AEM.01703-12 PG 3 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 013TL UT WOS:000309328700036 PM 22885744 ER PT J AU Zavala, VM Flores-Tlacuahuac, A AF Zavala, Victor M. Flores-Tlacuahuac, Antonio TI Stability of multiobjective predictive control: A utopia-tracking approach SO AUTOMATICA LA English DT Article DE Stability; Predictive control; Multiobjective; Lyapunov; Utopia; Pareto; Economic ID OPTIMIZATION; SYSTEMS AB We propose a utopia-tracking strategy to handle multiple conflicting objectives in model predictive control. The controller minimizes the distance of its vector of objectives to that of the compromise solution: the point along the steady-state Pareto front closest to the utopia point, where all the objectives are independently minimized. We establish conditions for asymptotic stability and propose numerical implementation variants. One of the key advantages of the approach is that it avoids the computation of Pareto fronts in real-time environments. In addition, the approach can handle general objectives of different nature such as economic and regularization. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Zavala, Victor M.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Math & Comp Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Flores-Tlacuahuac, Antonio] Univ Iberoamer, Dept Ingn & Ciencias Quim, Mexico City 01210, DF, Mexico. RP Zavala, VM (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Math & Comp Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM vzavala@mcs.anl.gov; antonio.flores@uia.mx FU US Department of Energy [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX This work was supported by the US Department of Energy, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. The material in this paper was not presented at any conference. This paper was recommended for publication in revised form by Associate Editor Lalo Magni under the direction of Editor Frank Allgower. NR 17 TC 26 Z9 28 U1 1 U2 12 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0005-1098 J9 AUTOMATICA JI Automatica PD OCT PY 2012 VL 48 IS 10 BP 2627 EP 2632 DI 10.1016/j.automatica.2012.06.066 PG 6 WC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering GA 012QG UT WOS:000309251000027 ER PT J AU Pasyanos, ME Walter, WR Mayeda, KM AF Pasyanos, Michael E. Walter, William R. Mayeda, Kevin M. TI Exploiting Regional Amplitude Envelopes: A Case Study for Earthquakes and Explosions in the Korean Peninsula SO BULLETIN OF THE SEISMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES EARTHQUAKES; NUCLEAR-EXPLOSIONS; YIELD ESTIMATION; UPPER-MANTLE; LG ATTENUATION; P-WAVE; SPECTRA; MAGNITUDES; EURASIA; AFRICA AB We introduce a new method to use narrowband regional amplitude envelopes for event analysis. Building on the success of the coda-wave method, we construct synthetic template envelopes that attempt to fit the entire waveform, including multiple direct phases and their coda, across a broad frequency band. The method makes use of our understanding of earthquake and explosion source models, regional wave propagation, and the relationship between direct amplitudes and their respective codas. We demonstrate the power of the method by examining earthquake and nuclear explosions in the Korean Peninsula at regional distance stations MDJ (Mudangjing, China) and TJN (Taejon, South Korea). In order to implement the method, however, we need to account for propagation through the use of an attenuation model for the region, which we have developed, in addition to an empirical correction to provide for unaccounted effects in the direct-to-coda transfer functions. Under the assumption that our explosion and attenuation models and the empirically obtained P-to-P-coda and S-to-S-coda transfer functions are correct, we determine that the 2006 test by the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (DPRK) is consistent with a yield between 200 and 800 tons and a depth between 20 and 300 m, with our best fit at 500 tons at a depth of 100 m. Similarly, the 2009 DPRK test is consistent with a yield range of 1-5 kt and a depth range of 70-600 m, with our best fit at 2 kt at a depth of 200 m. C1 [Pasyanos, Michael E.; Walter, William R.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. [Mayeda, Kevin M.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley Seismol Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Mayeda, Kevin M.] Weston Geophys Corp, Lexington, MA 02420 USA. RP Pasyanos, ME (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, 7000 East Ave,L-046,POB 808, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RI Pasyanos, Michael/C-3125-2013; Walter, William/C-2351-2013 OI Walter, William/0000-0002-0331-0616 FU US Department of Energy; Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) [DE-AC52-07NA27344] FX We thank Associate Editor Anton Dainty and two anonymous reviewers. We thank Sean Ford and Eric Matzel for making many of the amplitude measurements that went into the attenuation tomography for the region. This work was prepared under the auspices of the US Department of Energy by the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) under contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. This is LLNL contribution LLNL-JRNL-522493. NR 37 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 8 PU SEISMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI EL CERRITO PA PLAZA PROFESSIONAL BLDG, SUITE 201, EL CERRITO, CA 94530 USA SN 0037-1106 J9 B SEISMOL SOC AM JI Bull. Seismol. Soc. Amer. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 102 IS 5 BP 1938 EP 1948 DI 10.1785/0120120012 PG 11 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 014YF UT WOS:000309411200003 ER PT J AU An, K Somorjai, GA AF An, Kwangjin Somorjai, Gabor A. TI Size and Shape Control of Metal Nanoparticles for Reaction Selectivity in Catalysis SO CHEMCATCHEM LA English DT Article DE catalyst; colloid; in situ characterization; nanoparticles; selectivity ID GENERATION VIBRATIONAL SPECTROSCOPY; COLLOIDAL PLATINUM NANOPARTICLES; BLODGETT MONOLAYER FORMATION; MESOPOROUS SBA-15 SILICA; SINGLE-CRYSTAL SURFACES; POLYOL SYNTHESIS; PALLADIUM NANOPARTICLES; PYRROLE HYDROGENATION; CHEMICAL-SYNTHESIS; CO OXIDATION AB A nanoparticle with well-defined surfaces, prepared through colloidal chemistry, enables it to be studied as a model heterogeneous catalyst. The colloidal synthetic approach provides versatile tools to control the size and shape of nanoparticles. Traditional nucleation and growth mechanisms have been utilized to understand how nanoparticles can be uniformly synthesized and unprecedented shapes can be controlled. Now, the size of metal particles can be controlled to cluster regimes by using dendrimers. By using seeds and foreign atoms, specific synthetic environments such as seeded growth and crystal overgrowth can be induced to generate various shaped mono- or bi-metallic, core/shell, or branched nanostructures. For green chemistry, catalysis in 21st century is aiming for 100?% selectivity to produce only one desired product at high turnover rates. Recent studies on nanoparticle catalysts clearly demonstrate size and shape dependent selectivity in many catalytic reactions. By combining in situ surface characterization techniques, real-time monitoring of nanoparticles can be performed under reaction environments, thus identifying several molecular factors affecting catalytic activity and selectivity. C1 [An, Kwangjin; Somorjai, Gabor A.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [An, Kwangjin; Somorjai, Gabor A.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [An, Kwangjin; Somorjai, Gabor A.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Somorjai, GA (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM somorjai@berkeley.edu FU Office of Science, U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX This work was funded by the Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, and the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No DE-AC02-05CH11231. The nanoparticle synthesis was partially funded by Chevron Corp. We thank Nathan Musselwhite for valuable discussion. NR 117 TC 140 Z9 141 U1 27 U2 347 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA BOSCHSTRASSE 12, D-69469 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 1867-3880 J9 CHEMCATCHEM JI ChemCatChem PD OCT PY 2012 VL 4 IS 10 SI SI BP 1512 EP 1524 DI 10.1002/cctc.201200229 PG 13 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 014SU UT WOS:000309396800005 ER PT J AU Lee, S Di Vece, M Lee, B Seifert, S Winans, RE Vajda, S AF Lee, Sungsik Di Vece, Marcel Lee, Byeongdu Seifert, Soenke Winans, Randall E. Vajda, Stefan TI Support-dependent Performance of Size-selected Subnanometer Cobalt Cluster-based Catalysts in the Dehydrogenation of Cyclohexene SO CHEMCATCHEM LA English DT Article DE cobalt; cyclohexene; dehydrogenation; subnanometer; support effect ID IN-SITU GISAXS; OXIDATIVE DEHYDROGENATION; BIMETALLIC CATALYSTS; CRYSTAL-SURFACES; PLATINUM; HYDROGEN; DECOMPOSITION; TEMPERATURE; BENZENE; SPECTROSCOPY AB The evolution of the chemical state and change in the morphology of subnanometer cobalt clusters during the dehydrogenation of cyclohexene was investigated in terms of metal-support interactions. The model catalyst systems were prepared by deposition of size selected subnanometer Co27 +/- 4 clusters on various amorphous metal oxide supports (Al2O3, ZnO, and MgO), as well as on a carbon-based support (UNCD=ultrananocrystaline diamond). The reactivity, oxidation state, and sintering resistance of the clusters were monitored by temperature programmed reaction (TPRx), in situ grazing incidence X-ray absorption spectroscopy (GIXAS), and grazing incidence small angle X-ray scattering (GISAXS), respectively. The reactivity and selectivity of cobalt clusters show strong dependency on the support used, with clusters supported on UNCD possessing the highest activity at 300?degrees C. The evolution of the oxidation state of metal cluster during the reaction reveals that metal-support interaction plays a key role in performance of the subnanometer catalyst. A reversible assembly of clusters into a nanostructure which evolves with reaction temperature was observed on the MgO support. C1 [Di Vece, Marcel; Vajda, Stefan] Yale Univ, Sch Engn, Dept Chem & Environm Engn, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [Lee, Sungsik; Lee, Byeongdu; Seifert, Soenke; Winans, Randall E.] Argonne Natl Lab, Xray Sci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Vajda, Stefan] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Vajda, Stefan] Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Nanoscale Mat, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Vajda, S (reprint author), Yale Univ, Sch Engn, Dept Chem & Environm Engn, 9 Hillhouse Ave, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. EM vajda@anl.gov RI Di Vece, Marcel/N-6957-2016; OI Di Vece, Marcel/0000-0002-0041-4348; Lee, Byeongdu/0000-0003-2514-8805 FU US Department of Energy, BES Materials Sciences and Scientific User Facilities [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; UChicago Argonne, LLC; U.S. Air Force Office of Scientific Research under AFOSR MURI [FA9550-08-0309] FX The authors thank Drs. Jeffrey W. Elam and Joseph A. Libera for providing the metal oxide - coated substrates. The work at Argonne was supported by the US Department of Energy, BES Materials Sciences and Scientific User Facilities under Contract DE-AC02-06CH11357 with UChicago Argonne, LLC, operator of Argonne National Laboratory. The support of work at Yale by the U.S. Air Force Office of Scientific Research under AFOSR MURI grant FA9550-08-0309 is gratefully acknowledged as well. NR 41 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 2 U2 71 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA BOSCHSTRASSE 12, D-69469 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 1867-3880 J9 CHEMCATCHEM JI ChemCatChem PD OCT PY 2012 VL 4 IS 10 SI SI BP 1632 EP 1637 DI 10.1002/cctc.201200294 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 014SU UT WOS:000309396800020 ER PT J AU Wu, ZL Li, MJ Overbury, SH AF Wu, Zili Li, Meijun Overbury, Steven H. TI A Raman Spectroscopic Study of the Speciation of Vanadia Supported on Ceria Nanocrystals with Defined Surface Planes SO CHEMCATCHEM LA English DT Article DE cerium; nanostructures; Raman spectroscopy; surface chemistry; vanadates ID DENSITY-FUNCTIONAL THEORY; SOLID-STATE REACTION; OXIDATIVE DEHYDROGENATION; OXIDE CATALYSTS; STRUCTURAL-CHARACTERIZATION; CEO2 NANOCRYSTALS; DEFECT SITES; PROPANE; NANORODS; ETHANE AB Vanadia (VOx) supported on ceria (CeO2) nanocrystals with defined surface planes, which includes rods, cubes and octahedra, was synthesized and used to explore the effect of support surface structure on the speciation of surface vanadia. The vanadia structures on these ceria nanoshapes were identified by in situ visible and UV Raman spectroscopy as a function of loading and calcination temperature, and they include monomeric, dimeric, trimeric, polymeric vanadia, and eventually crystalline V2O5 and CeVO4 as vanadia loading increases. As expected, the faceted ceria nanocrystals provide a rather homogeneous platform for anchoring the vanadia. At low vanadia surface density, only monomeric vanadia exists on the ceria nanoshapes, in contrast to vanadia supported on polycrystalline CeO2 in which multiple vanadia species coexist. Formation of CeVO4 from the reaction between surface vanadia and ceria upon high temperature calcination was compared for the three ceria nanoshapes with similar surface vanadia density (1/4 monolayer). It was found that both the surface structure and the amount of defect sites on the ceria nanoshapes play major roles in the production of CeVO4. The easier formation of CeVO4 on ceria rods, compared with cubes or octahedra, is attributed to the rods lowest surface oxygen vacancy formation energy and largest amount of defect sites. C1 [Wu, Zili; Li, Meijun; Overbury, Steven H.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Nanophase Mat Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Wu, Zili; Li, Meijun; Overbury, Steven H.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Wu, ZL (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Nanophase Mat Sci, 1 Bethel Valley Rd, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM wuz1@ornl.gov RI Wu, Zili/F-5905-2012; Overbury, Steven/C-5108-2016 OI Wu, Zili/0000-0002-4468-3240; Overbury, Steven/0000-0002-5137-3961 FU Oak Ridge National Laboratory by the Scientific User Facilities Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy FX This research was conducted at the Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, which is sponsored at Oak Ridge National Laboratory by the Scientific User Facilities Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy. NR 40 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 6 U2 66 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA BOSCHSTRASSE 12, D-69469 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 1867-3880 J9 CHEMCATCHEM JI ChemCatChem PD OCT PY 2012 VL 4 IS 10 SI SI BP 1653 EP 1661 DI 10.1002/cctc.201200243 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 014SU UT WOS:000309396800023 ER PT J AU Chen, LF Leong, GJ Schulze, M Dinh, HN Pivovar, B Hu, JC Qi, ZW Fang, YJ Prikhodko, S Pozuelo, M Kodambaka, S Richards, RM AF Chen, Lifang Leong, G. Jeremy Schulze, Maxwell Dinh, Huyen N. Pivovar, Bryan Hu, Juncheng Qi, Zhiwen Fang, Yunjin Prikhodko, Sergey Pozuelo, Marta Kodambaka, Suneel Richards, Ryan M. TI Controlled Synthesis of Nanoscale Icosahedral Gold Particles at Room Temperature SO CHEMCATCHEM LA English DT Article DE gold; green chemistry; heterogeneous catalysis; nanostructure; surface analysis ID HIGH-INDEX FACETS; CATALYTIC-ACTIVITY; PLATINUM NANOPARTICLES; NANOCRYSTALS; REDUCTION; GROWTH; NANORODS; SIZE; NANOCOMPOSITES; 4-NITROPHENOL AB The shape of nanocrystals determines surface atomic arrangement and coordination, influencing their chemical and physical properties. We present a novel and facile approach to synthesize gold icosahedra by employing glucose as reducing reagent and sodium dodecyl sulfate as directing agent in the environmentally benign medium of water at room temperature. The size of the icosahedra can be controlled in the range of 30250 nm by altering reaction conditions. High-resolution microscopy and diffraction studies indicate the icosahedra are composed of rotational twins that owe likely to assemblage of tetrahedral units. The gold icosahedra particles catalytic properties are probed in the borohydride reduction of p-nitrophenols and exhibit a size-dependence reaction property. Comparison studies with spherical particles prepared by the Turkevich method, coupled with poisoning experiments, infer that the shape has a strong influence in the abundance of active surface sites as well as their activities. The properties of nanoscale icosahedra particles has promising applications for further catalytic processes, surface enhancement spectroscopic methods, chemical or biological sensing, and the fabrication of nanoscale devices. C1 [Chen, Lifang; Qi, Zhiwen; Fang, Yunjin] E China Univ Sci & Technol, State Key Lab Chem Engn, Shanghai 200237, Peoples R China. [Leong, G. Jeremy; Dinh, Huyen N.; Pivovar, Bryan] Hydrogen Syst & Technol Ctr, Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Chen, Lifang; Leong, G. Jeremy; Schulze, Maxwell; Richards, Ryan M.] Colorado Sch Mines, Dept Chem & Geochem, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Hu, Juncheng] S Cent Univ Nationalities, Key Lab Catalysis & Mat Sci, State Ethn Affairs Commiss, Wuhan 430074, Peoples R China. [Hu, Juncheng] S Cent Univ Nationalities, Minist Educ, Wuhan 430074, Peoples R China. [Prikhodko, Sergey; Pozuelo, Marta; Kodambaka, Suneel] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. RP Qi, ZW (reprint author), E China Univ Sci & Technol, State Key Lab Chem Engn, Shanghai 200237, Peoples R China. EM rrichard@mines.edu RI Pozuelo, Marta/A-6906-2011; Richards, Ryan/B-3513-2008; Hu, Juncheng/F-4123-2010 OI Pozuelo, Marta/0000-0001-6869-8749; Hu, Juncheng/0000-0003-0896-1474 FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [NSFC 21076074, 21006029, 20803096]; Shanghai Pujiang Talents Programme [10J1402400]; Shanghai Scientific and Technological Commission [09DZ1120200]; Shanghai Natural Science Foundation [10ZR1407200]; Programme of Introducing Talents of Discipline to Universities (111 Project) [B08021]; Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China; Colorado School of Mines; American Chemical Society Petroleum Research Foundation [48108-G10]; National Renewable Energy Laboratory's Hydrogen Systems and Technologies Center FX This research is financially supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC 21076074, 21006029 and 20803096), Shanghai Pujiang Talents Programme (10J1402400), Shanghai Scientific and Technological Commission (09DZ1120200), Shanghai Natural Science Foundation (10ZR1407200), the Programme of Introducing Talents of Discipline to Universities (111 Project, B08021), the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China, Colorado School of Mines, the American Chemical Society Petroleum Research Foundation (Grant #48108-G10), and the National Renewable Energy Laboratory's Hydrogen Systems and Technologies Center. NR 49 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 3 U2 50 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA POSTFACH 101161, 69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 1867-3880 EI 1867-3899 J9 CHEMCATCHEM JI ChemCatChem PD OCT PY 2012 VL 4 IS 10 SI SI BP 1662 EP 1667 DI 10.1002/cctc.201200230 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 014SU UT WOS:000309396800024 ER PT J AU Tabares-Velasco, PC Zhao, MJ Peterson, N Srebric, J Berghage, R AF Tabares-Velasco, Paulo Cesar Zhao, Mingjie Peterson, Nicole Srebric, Jelena Berghage, Robert TI Validation of predictive heat and mass transfer green roof model with extensive green roof field data SO ECOLOGICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE Green roof; Energy simulation; Model validation; Heat and mass transfer ID RADIATION; AIR AB Green roof technology has been adopted in the United States as a specialized roofing system and as a sustainable technology capable of saving energy. Most of the previous thermal performance models for green roofs have had the main goal of quantifying these energy savings. However, until recently, none of the models had been fully validated with laboratory and experimental data including both heat flux and surface temperature data. A recently developed green roof thermal performance model was validated with detailed experimental data from a new experimental apparatus called a Cold Plate, which is specifically designed and built for that purpose. In order to further examine the accuracy of the model, this paper describes the dynamic validation of the model using field data from a green roof installed on a commercial roof in Chicago. The dynamic validation consists of comparing substrate surface temperature, heat flux through the roof, and net radiation. The validated results show that the green roof thermal model predicts the heat and mass transfer appropriately as long as the long-wave radiation data from a weather station are used to reduce a possible bias resulting from the sky condition. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Tabares-Velasco, Paulo Cesar; Zhao, Mingjie; Srebric, Jelena] Penn State Univ, Dept Architectural Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Peterson, Nicole; Berghage, Robert] Penn State Univ, Dept Hort, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RP Tabares-Velasco, PC (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, 1617 Cole Blvd,MS 5202, Golden, CO 80401 USA. EM paulo.tabares@nrel.gov RI Srebric, Jelena/E-3059-2013; Tabares-Velasco, Paulo/E-8216-2013 NR 33 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 37 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0925-8574 J9 ECOL ENG JI Ecol. Eng. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 47 BP 165 EP 173 DI 10.1016/j.ecoleng.2012.06.012 PG 9 WC Ecology; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Engineering GA 015GE UT WOS:000309433600023 ER PT J AU Tautges, TJ Jain, R AF Tautges, Timothy J. Jain, Rajeev TI Creating geometry and mesh models for nuclear reactor core geometries using a lattice hierarchy-based approach SO ENGINEERING WITH COMPUTERS LA English DT Article DE Reactor core; Mesh generation; Lattice-based geometry AB Nuclear reactor cores are constructed as rectangular or hexagonal lattices of assemblies, where each assembly is itself a lattice of fuel, control, and instrumentation pins, surrounded by water or other material that moderates neutron energy and carries away fission heat. We describe a system for generating geometry and mesh for these systems. The method takes advantage of information about repeated structures in both assembly and core lattices to simplify the overall process. The system allows targeted user intervention midway through the process, enabling modification and manipulation of models for meshing or other purposes. Starting from text files describing assemblies and core, the tool can generate geometry and mesh for these models automatically as well. Simple and complex examples of tool operation are given, with the latter demonstrating the generation of meshes with 12 million hexahedral elements in < 30 min on a desktop workstation, using about 4 GB of memory. The tool is released as open source software as part of the MeshKit mesh generation library. C1 [Tautges, Timothy J.; Jain, Rajeev] Argonne Natl Lab, Chicago, IL USA. RP Tautges, TJ (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Chicago, IL USA. EM tautges@mcs.anl.gov; jain@mcs.anl.gov FU Argonne, a US Department of Energy Office of Science laboratory [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; US Department of Energy Office of Nuclear Energy Nuclear Energy Advanced Modeling & Simulation (NEAMS) Program; US Department of Energy Office of Scientific Computing Research, Office of Science; US Department of Energy's Scientific Discovery through Advanced Computing program [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX The submitted manuscript has been created by UChicago Argonne, LLC, Operator of Argonne National Laboratory ("Argonne"). Argonne, a US Department of Energy Office of Science laboratory, is operated under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. The US Government retains for itself, and others acting on its behalf, a paid-up nonexclusive, irrevocable worldwide license in said article to reproduce, prepare derivative works, distribute copies to the public, and perform publicly and display publicly, by or on behalf of the Government.; We thank M. A. Smith, A. Wollaber, and J. H. Thomas in the Nuclear Engineering Division at Argonne National Laboratory for helpful discussions and feedback for creating the input file language used in these tools. We also thank the Fathom group at Argonne, who maintain the libraries required by this tool. This work was supported in part by the US Department of Energy Office of Nuclear Energy Nuclear Energy Advanced Modeling & Simulation (NEAMS) Program; by the US Department of Energy Office of Scientific Computing Research, Office of Science; and by the US Department of Energy's Scientific Discovery through Advanced Computing program, under Contract DE-AC02-06CH11357. NR 12 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 3 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0177-0667 J9 ENG COMPUT-GERMANY JI Eng. Comput. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 28 IS 4 SI SI BP 319 EP 329 DI 10.1007/s00366-011-0236-8 PG 11 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering, Mechanical SC Computer Science; Engineering GA 015VV UT WOS:000309475400003 ER PT J AU Knupp, P AF Knupp, Patrick TI Introducing the target-matrix paradigm for mesh optimization via node-movement SO ENGINEERING WITH COMPUTERS LA English DT Article DE Mesh optimization; Mesh quality; Target-matrix paradigm ID GRID GENERATION; NUMBER AB A general-purpose algorithm for mesh optimization via node-movement, known as the Target-Matrix Paradigm, is introduced. The algorithm is general purpose in that it can be applied to a wide variety of mesh and element types, and to various commonly recurring mesh optimization problems such as shape improvement, and to more unusual problems like boundary-layer preservation with sliver removal, high-order mesh improvement, and edge-length equalization. The algorithm can be considered to be a direct optimization method in which weights are automatically constructed to enable definitions of application-specific mesh quality. The high-level concepts of the paradigm have been implemented in the Mesquite mesh improvement library, along with a number of concrete algorithms that address mesh quality issues such as those shown in the examples of the present paper. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Knupp, P (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM pknupp@sandia.gov FU Department of Energy's Advanced Scientific Computing Research Program [SC-21] FX This work was funded by the Department of Energy's Advanced Scientific Computing Research Program (SC-21) and was performed at Sandia National Laboratories. NR 34 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 8 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0177-0667 EI 1435-5663 J9 ENG COMPUT-GERMANY JI Eng. Comput. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 28 IS 4 SI SI BP 419 EP 429 DI 10.1007/s00366-011-0230-1 PG 11 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering, Mechanical SC Computer Science; Engineering GA 015VV UT WOS:000309475400010 ER PT J AU Hammel, M AF Hammel, Michal TI Validation of macromolecular flexibility in solution by small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) SO EUROPEAN BIOPHYSICS JOURNAL WITH BIOPHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Review DE Small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS); Macromolecular flexibility; Rigid-body modeling; Ensemble analysis ID BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES; STRUCTURAL INSIGHTS; STAPHYLOCOCCUS-AUREUS; TYROSINE KINASE; DNA-REPAIR; PROTEIN; MECHANISM; COMPLEX; DOMAINS; CONFORMATION AB The dynamics of macromolecular conformations are critical to the action of cellular networks. Solution X-ray scattering studies, in combination with macromolecular X-ray crystallography (MX) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), strive to determine complete and accurate states of macromolecules, providing novel insights describing allosteric mechanisms, supramolecular complexes, and dynamic molecular machines. This review addresses theoretical and practical concepts, concerns, and considerations for using these techniques in conjunction with computational methods to productively combine solution-scattering data with high-resolution structures. I discuss the principal means of direct identification of macromolecular flexibility from SAXS data followed by critical concerns about the methods used to calculate theoretical SAXS profiles from high-resolution structures. The SAXS profile is a direct interrogation of the thermodynamic ensemble and techniques such as, for example, minimal ensemble search (MES), enhance interpretation of SAXS experiments by describing the SAXS profiles as population-weighted thermodynamic ensembles. I discuss recent developments in computational techniques used for conformational sampling, and how these techniques provide a basis for assessing the level of the flexibility within a sample. Although these approaches sacrifice atomic detail, the knowledge gained from ensemble analysis is often appropriate for developing hypotheses and guiding biochemical experiments. Examples of the use of SAXS and combined approaches with X-ray crystallography, NMR, and computational methods to characterize dynamic assemblies are presented. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Hammel, M (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM mhammel@lbl.gov FU DOE program Integrated Diffraction Analysis Technologies (IDAT) [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; U.S. Department of Energy; National Cancer Institute grant Structural Biology of DNA Repair (SBDR) [CA92584] FX The author thanks Robert Rambo and David Shin (Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory) for insightful discussions and careful reading of the manuscript. The author is supported in part by the DOE program Integrated Diffraction Analysis Technologies (IDAT) under Contract Number DE-AC02-05CH11231 with the U.S. Department of Energy and National Cancer Institute grant Structural Biology of DNA Repair (SBDR) CA92584. NR 73 TC 39 Z9 39 U1 3 U2 52 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0175-7571 J9 EUR BIOPHYS J BIOPHY JI Eur. Biophys. J. Biophys. Lett. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 41 IS 10 BP 789 EP 799 DI 10.1007/s00249-012-0820-x PG 11 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA 015VY UT WOS:000309475700003 PM 22639100 ER PT J AU Heberle, FA Pan, JJ Standaert, RF Drazba, P Kucerka, N Katsaras, J AF Heberle, Frederick A. Pan, Jianjun Standaert, Robert F. Drazba, Paul Kucerka, Norbert Katsaras, John TI Model-based approaches for the determination of lipid bilayer structure from small-angle neutron and X-ray scattering data SO EUROPEAN BIOPHYSICS JOURNAL WITH BIOPHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Review DE Lipid bilayer; Bilayer structure; Area per lipid; Bilayer thickness; Molecular dynamics simulations; Fluid phase ID LARGE UNILAMELLAR VESICLES; SEPARATED FORM-FACTORS; DENSITY STRIP MODELS; PHOSPHOLIPID-BILAYERS; JOINT REFINEMENT; DIFFRACTION DATA; GEL PHASE; PHOSPHATIDYLGLYCEROL LIPIDS; COMPONENT VOLUMES; FULL HYDRATION AB Some of our recent work has resulted in the detailed structures of fully hydrated, fluid phase phosphatidylcholine (PC) and phosphatidylglycerol (PG) bilayers. These structures were obtained from the joint refinement of small-angle neutron and X-ray data using the scattering density profile (SDP) models developed by Kuerka et al. (Biophys J 95:2356-2367, 2008; J Phys Chem B 116:232-239, 2012). In this review, we first discuss models for the standalone analysis of neutron or X-ray scattering data from bilayers, and assess the strengths and weaknesses inherent to these models. In particular, it is recognized that standalone data do not contain enough information to fully resolve the structure of naturally disordered fluid bilayers, and therefore may not provide a robust determination of bilayer structure parameters, including the much-sought-after area per lipid. We then discuss the development of matter density-based models (including the SDP model) that allow for the joint refinement of different contrast neutron and X-ray data, as well as the implementation of local volume conservation within the unit cell (i.e., ideal packing). Such models provide natural definitions of bilayer thicknesses (most importantly the hydrophobic and Luzzati thicknesses) in terms of Gibbs dividing surfaces, and thus allow for the robust determination of lipid areas through equivalent slab relationships between bilayer thickness and lipid volume. In the final section of this review, we discuss some of the significant findings/features pertaining to structures of PC and PG bilayers as determined from SDP model analyses. C1 [Heberle, Frederick A.; Pan, Jianjun; Katsaras, John] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Biol & Soft Matter Div, Neutron Sci Directorate, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Standaert, Robert F.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Energy & Environm Sci Directorate, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Standaert, Robert F.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Biochem & Mol & Cellular Biol, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Drazba, Paul; Katsaras, John] Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Kucerka, Norbert; Katsaras, John] CNR, Canadian Neutron Beam Ctr, Chalk River, ON K0J 1J0, Canada. [Kucerka, Norbert] Comenius Univ, Dept Phys Chem Drugs, Fac Pharm, Bratislava 83232, Slovakia. [Katsaras, John] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Joint Inst Neutron Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Heberle, FA (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Biol & Soft Matter Div, Neutron Sci Directorate, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM heberlefa@ornl.gov RI Pan, Jianjun/A-4750-2012; Standaert, Robert/D-9467-2013; OI Standaert, Robert/0000-0002-5684-1322; Katsaras, John/0000-0002-8937-4177 FU office of Biological and Environmental Research (BER) at Oak Ridge National Laboratory's (ORNL) Center for Structural Molecular Biology (CSMB); US Department of Energy [DE-AC05-00OR2275]; National Science Foundation [DMR-0944772]; National Science Foundation; National Institutes of Health/National Institute of General Medical Sciences under National Science Foundation [DMR-0225180]; ORNL's Program Development (PD) Program; Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) program; ORNL's LDRD program FX This work acknowledges the support of the office of Biological and Environmental Research (BER) at Oak Ridge National Laboratory's (ORNL) Center for Structural Molecular Biology (CSMB) through the utilization of facilities supported by the US Department of Energy, managed by UT-Battelle, LLC under contract no. DE-AC05-00OR2275. Facilities located at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) are supported in part by the National Science Foundation under agreement no. DMR-0944772. Facilities located at the Cornell High Energy Synchrotron Source (CHESS) are supported by the National Science Foundation and the National Institutes of Health/National Institute of General Medical Sciences under National Science Foundation award DMR-0225180. JK is supported by ORNL's Program Development (PD) and Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) programs. RFS is supported by ORNL's LDRD program. NR 94 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 3 U2 61 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0175-7571 EI 1432-1017 J9 EUR BIOPHYS J BIOPHY JI Eur. Biophys. J. Biophys. Lett. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 41 IS 10 BP 875 EP 890 DI 10.1007/s00249-012-0817-5 PG 16 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA 015VY UT WOS:000309475700010 PM 22588484 ER PT J AU Armstrong, CL Barrett, MA Hiess, A Salditt, T Katsaras, J Shi, AC Rheinstadter, MC AF Armstrong, Clare L. Barrett, Matthew A. Hiess, Arno Salditt, Tim Katsaras, John Shi, An-Chang Rheinstaedter, Maikel C. TI Effect of cholesterol on the lateral nanoscale dynamics of fluid membranes SO EUROPEAN BIOPHYSICS JOURNAL WITH BIOPHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Lipid membrane; Cholesterol; Lateral membrane dynamics; Nanoscale dynamics; Liquid-ordered phase; Inelastic neutron scattering; Dispersion relation ID ELASTIC NEUTRON-SCATTERING; X-RAY-SCATTERING; POLYUNSATURATED LIPID-MEMBRANE; MAGNETIC-RESONANCE RELAXATION; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; COLLECTIVE DYNAMICS; PHOSPHOLIPID-BILAYERS; LIGHT-SCATTERING; MODEL MEMBRANES; CHAIN DYNAMICS AB Inelastic neutron scattering was used to study the effect of 5 and 40 mol% cholesterol on the lateral nanoscale dynamics of phospholipid membranes. By measuring the excitation spectrum at several lateral q (||) values (up to q (||) = 3 (-1)), complete dispersion curves were determined of gel, fluid and liquid-ordered phase bilayers. The inclusion of cholesterol had a distinct effect on the collective dynamics of the bilayer's hydrocarbon chains; specifically, we observed a pronounced stiffening of the membranes on the nanometer length scale in both gel and fluid bilayers, even though they were experiencing a higher degree of molecular disorder. Also, for the first time we determined the nanoscale dynamics in the high-cholesterol liquid-ordered phase of bilayers containing cholesterol. Namely, this phase appears to be "softer" than fluid bilayers, but better ordered than bilayers in the gel phase. C1 [Armstrong, Clare L.; Barrett, Matthew A.; Shi, An-Chang; Rheinstaedter, Maikel C.] McMaster Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Hamilton, ON L8S 4M1, Canada. [Hiess, Arno] European Spallat Source ESS AB, S-22100 Lund, Sweden. [Salditt, Tim] Univ Gottingen, Inst Xray Phys, D-37077 Gottingen, Germany. [Katsaras, John] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Neutron Sci Directorate, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Katsaras, John; Rheinstaedter, Maikel C.] CNR, Canadian Neutron Beam Ctr, Chalk River, ON K0J 1J0, Canada. RP Armstrong, CL (reprint author), McMaster Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, ABB 241,1280 Main St W, Hamilton, ON L8S 4M1, Canada. EM armstc5@mcmaster.ca; rheinstadter@mcmaster.ca RI Shi, An-Chang/A-2910-2008; OI Salditt, Tim/0000-0003-4636-0813; Katsaras, John/0000-0002-8937-4177; Shi, An-Chang/0000-0003-1379-7162 FU Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC); National Research Council Canada (NRC); Canada Foundation for Innovation (CFI); Ontario Ministry of Economic Development and Innovation; Oak Ridge National Laboratory's (ORNL) Program Development (PD) Program; Oak Ridge National Laboratory's (ORNL) Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) program FX This research was funded by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC), the National Research Council Canada (NRC), the Canada Foundation for Innovation (CFI) and the Ontario Ministry of Economic Development and Innovation. John Katsaras is supported by Oak Ridge National Laboratory's (ORNL) Program Development (PD) and Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) programs. NR 73 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 33 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0175-7571 EI 1432-1017 J9 EUR BIOPHYS J BIOPHY JI Eur. Biophys. J. Biophys. Lett. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 41 IS 10 BP 901 EP 913 DI 10.1007/s00249-012-0826-4 PG 13 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA 015VY UT WOS:000309475700012 PM 22729214 ER PT J AU Chen, C Chang, L Roberts, CD Wan, SL Wilson, DJ AF Chen, Chen Chang, Lei Roberts, Craig D. Wan, Shaolong Wilson, David J. TI Spectrum of Hadrons with Strangeness SO FEW-BODY SYSTEMS LA English DT Article ID DYSON-SCHWINGER EQUATIONS; CHIRAL-SYMMETRY BREAKING; PION LOOP CONTRIBUTION; LADDER APPROXIMATION; BOUND-STATES; QUARK-MODEL; NJL MODEL; MESON; MASS; QCD AB We describe a calculation of the spectrum of strange and nonstrange hadrons that simultaneously correlates the dressed-quark-core masses of meson and baryon ground- and excited-states within a single framework. The foundation for this analysis is a symmetry-preserving Dyson-Schwinger equation treatment of a vectorxvector contact interaction. Our results exemplify and highlight the deep impact of dynamical chiral symmetry breaking on the hadron spectrum: an accurate description of the meson spectrum entails a similarly successful prediction of the spectrum of baryons, including those with strangeness. The analysis also provides numerous insights into baryon structure. For example, that baryon structure is largely flavour-blind, the first radial excitation of ground-state baryons is constituted almost entirely from axial-vector diquark correlations, and DCSB is the foundation for the ordering of low-lying baryon levels; viz., (1/2)(+), (1/2)(+), (1/2)(-). C1 [Chen, Chen; Roberts, Craig D.; Wilson, David J.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Chen, Chen; Wan, Shaolong] Univ Sci & Technol China, Inst Theoret Phys, Hefei 230026, Peoples R China. [Chen, Chen; Wan, Shaolong] Univ Sci & Technol China, Dept Modern Phys, Hefei 230026, Peoples R China. [Chang, Lei] Forschungszentrum Julich, Inst Kernphys, D-52425 Julich, Germany. [Chen, Chen; Roberts, Craig D.] Illinois Inst Technol, Dept Phys, Chicago, IL 60616 USA. RP Roberts, CD (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM cdroberts@anl.gov RI Chen, Chen/H-2756-2015; OI Wilson, David/0000-0003-2364-1161; Roberts, Craig/0000-0002-2937-1361 FU China Scholarship Council [2010634019]; Forschungszentrum Julich GmbH; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Nuclear Physics [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX We thank A. Bashir, I. C. Cloet, M. U. Doring, T.-S.H. Lee, V. I. Mokeev, S.-x. Qin, H. L. L. Roberts and S. M. Schmidt for helpful discussions. Chen Chen acknowledges the support of the China Scholarship Council (file no. 2010634019). This work was also supported by: Forschungszentrum Julich GmbH; and U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Nuclear Physics, contract no. DE-AC02-06CH11357. NR 99 TC 46 Z9 46 U1 0 U2 8 PU SPRINGER WIEN PI WIEN PA SACHSENPLATZ 4-6, PO BOX 89, A-1201 WIEN, AUSTRIA SN 0177-7963 J9 FEW-BODY SYST JI Few-Body Syst. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 53 IS 3-4 BP 293 EP 326 DI 10.1007/s00601-012-0466-3 PG 34 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 014DO UT WOS:000309355500007 ER PT J AU Borgia, A Pruess, K Kneafsey, TJ Oldenburg, CM Pan, LH AF Borgia, Andrea Pruess, Karsten Kneafsey, Timothy J. Oldenburg, Curtis M. Pan, Lehua TI Numerical simulation of salt precipitation in the fractures of a CO2-enhanced geothermal system SO GEOTHERMICS LA English DT Article DE CO2-EGS; Geothermal energy; Reservoir modeling; Salt precipitation ID SALINE AQUIFERS; FLUID; CO2; SEQUESTRATION; RESERVOIRS; INJECTION AB The development of enhanced geothermal systems using CO2 (CO2-EGS) is a promising idea for expanding geothermal energy production (especially in areas with scarce water resources) when large supplies of captured anthropogenic CO2 may be available in the future. Implementing this concept relies on replacing the natural geothermal brine in the reservoir with injected CO2 to achieve enhanced energy recovery, and raises the questions of the fate of dissolved salts in the brine as CO2 dries out the system, and how any precipitated salt could affect fluid flow. In this case, a new TOUGH2 equation of state module (ECO2H) was used to simulate CO2 injection in an EGS with a brine system comprised of H2O and NaCl. This so called CO2-EGS reservoir is at a depth of 3.5-4.5 km with normal pressure (hydrostatic) and temperature (160-200 degrees C) gradients. A classic "five-well" geometry is assumed in our 706 m x 706 m x 1 km block, of which only one eighth of the area needs to be modeled due to symmetry. The fractured EGS reservoir was modeled using the multiple interacting continua (MINC) conceptual model with fracture spacing of 10 m. Dry CO2 was injected at the bottom of the initially brine-saturated reservoir and hot fluids were produced from the top of the reservoir. Simulations show that the brine contained in the fractures is produced initially, and only a few weeks later, the CO2 plume breaks through at the production well. The two-phase nature of flow at this time causes a reduction in flow rate. Fluid production increases again as the reservoir dries out and the injected CO2 fills the fractures (and more slowly the matrix). As the produced fluid becomes single-phase CO2, energy production is enhanced. For salt mass fractions of the order of 0.01 (salinity of 10,000 ppm), total heat produced during the lifetime of the well (about 6 years) is 270% more than that achievable with H2O as the working fluid. This result is probably at the lower end of what had been previously suggested by Randolph and Saar (2011). Simulation results show that as the brine is driven out of the matrix by capillary pressure, H2O evaporates into the CO2 plume and salt precipitates in the fractures clogging up the flow system. At the highest salt mass fraction modeled here (0.15), enhanced energy production is inhibited by halite precipitation in the fractures. Our simulations suggest that for low-salinity systems, significant clogging occurs close to the production well after less than 10 years, while at high salinities clogging occurs close to the injection well in less than one year. Even though clogging of the reservoir is an apparently inevitable consequence of the drying of the saline geothermal reservoir, the fact that clogging occurs in specific reservoir regions could imply that remediation strategies could be developed to mitigate clogging. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Borgia, Andrea; Pruess, Karsten; Kneafsey, Timothy J.; Oldenburg, Curtis M.; Pan, Lehua] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Borgia, A (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, 1 Cyclotron Rd,MS 90R1116, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM aborgia@lbl.gov RI Oldenburg, Curtis/L-6219-2013; Kneafsey, Timothy/H-7412-2014; Pan, Lehua/G-2439-2015 OI Oldenburg, Curtis/0000-0002-0132-6016; Kneafsey, Timothy/0000-0002-3926-8587; FU Office of Technology Development, Geothermal Technologies Program, of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX We are grateful to Patrick Dobson (LBNL) for providing insightful internal review and comments on an earlier draft, and to two anonymous reviewers whose comments allowed us to clarify the presentation. This work was supported by the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act (ARRA), through the Assistant Secretary for Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), Office of Technology Development, Geothermal Technologies Program, of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. NR 33 TC 27 Z9 35 U1 2 U2 50 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0375-6505 J9 GEOTHERMICS JI Geothermics PD OCT PY 2012 VL 44 BP 13 EP 22 DI 10.1016/j.geothermics.2012.06.002 PG 10 WC Energy & Fuels; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Energy & Fuels; Geology GA 013JT UT WOS:000309302400002 ER PT J AU Mahrooghy, M Younan, NH Anantharaj, VG Aanstoos, JV AF Mahrooghy, Majid Younan, Nicolas H. Anantharaj, Valentine G. Aanstoos, James V. TI Enhancement of Satellite Precipitation Estimation via Unsupervised Dimensionality Reduction SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article DE Dimensionality reduction; remote sensing; satellite precipitation estimation (SPE); wavelets ID INDEPENDENT COMPONENT ANALYSIS; RAINFALL ESTIMATION; PASSIVE MICROWAVE; ALGORITHMS; CLASSIFICATION; NETWORK; MODELS; CLOUD AB A methodology to enhance satellite precipitation estimation using unsupervised dimensionality reduction (UDR) techniques is developed. This enhanced technique is an extension to the precipitation estimation from remotely sensed imagery using an artificial neural network (PERSIANN) and cloud classification system (CCS) method (PERSIANN-CCS) enriched using wavelet features combined with dimensionality reduction. Cloud-top brightness temperature measurements from the Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite (GOES)-12 are used for precipitation estimation at 4 km x 4 km spatial resolutions every 30 min. The study area in the continental U. S. covers parts of Louisiana, Arkansas, Kansas, Tennessee, Mississippi, and Alabama. Based on quantitative measures, root mean square error and Heidke skill score (HSS), the results show that the UDR techniques can improve the precipitation estimation accuracy. In addition, the independent component analysis is shown to have better performance than other UDR techniques; and in some cases, it achieves 10% improvement in the HSS. C1 [Mahrooghy, Majid; Younan, Nicolas H.] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Starkville, MS 39762 USA. [Mahrooghy, Majid; Younan, Nicolas H.; Aanstoos, James V.] Mississippi State Univ, Geosyst Res Inst, Starkville, MS 39762 USA. [Anantharaj, Valentine G.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Natl Ctr Computat Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Mahrooghy, M (reprint author), Mississippi State Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Starkville, MS 39762 USA. EM mm858@msstate.edu; younan@ece.msstate.edu; vanan-tharaj@gmail.com; aanstoos@gri.msstate.edu FU National Aeronautics and Space Administration Applied Sciences Program [NNS06AA98B]; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Office of Atmospheric Research [NA07OAR4170517]; Oak Ridge Leadership Computing Facility under the Office of Advanced Scientific Computing Research, Office of Science, U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC05-00OR22725]; UT-Battelle, LLC [DE-AC05-00OR22725] FX This work was supported by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Applied Sciences Program under Grant NNS06AA98B and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Office of Atmospheric Research under Grant NA07OAR4170517.; The authors thank Dr. S. Sorooshian, Dr. K-L. Hsu, and the PERSIANN group at UC Irvine for providing the operational PERSIANN-CCS products and the helpful discussions about their methodology. V. Anantharaj is also supported by the Oak Ridge Leadership Computing Facility under the auspices of the Office of Advanced Scientific Computing Research, Office of Science, U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC05-00OR22725 and Contract No. DE-AC05-00OR22725 with UT-Battelle, LLC. NR 41 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 11 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0196-2892 J9 IEEE T GEOSCI REMOTE JI IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing PD OCT PY 2012 VL 50 IS 10 BP 3931 EP 3940 DI 10.1109/TGRS.2012.2189406 PN 2 PG 10 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 014FX UT WOS:000309361700001 ER PT J AU Wang, Q Pepin, M Beach, RJ Dunkel, R Atwood, T Santhanam, B Gerstle, W Doerry, AW Hayat, MM AF Wang, Qi Pepin, Matthew Beach, Ryan J. Dunkel, Ralf Atwood, Tom Santhanam, Balu Gerstle, Walter Doerry, Armin W. Hayat, Majeed M. TI SAR-Based Vibration Estimation Using the Discrete Fractional Fourier Transform SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article DE Fractional Fourier transform; joint time-frequency analysis (JTFA); micro-Doppler effect; subaperture; synthetic aperture radar (SAR); vibration ID SYNTHETIC-APERTURE RADAR; TARGETS AB A vibration estimation method for synthetic aperture radar (SAR) is presented based on a novel application of the discrete fractional Fourier transform (DFRFT). Small vibrations of ground targets introduce phase modulation in the SAR returned signals. With standard preprocessing of the returned signals, followed by the application of the DFRFT, the time-varying accelerations, frequencies, and displacements associated with vibrating objects can be extracted by successively estimating the quasi-instantaneous chirp rate in the phase-modulated signal in each subaperture. The performance of the proposed method is investigated quantitatively, and the measurable vibration frequencies and displacements are determined. Simulation results show that the proposed method can successfully estimate a two-component vibration at practical signal-to-noise levels. Two airborne experiments were also conducted using the Lynx SAR system in conjunction with vibrating ground test targets. The experiments demonstrated the correct estimation of a 1-Hz vibration with an amplitude of 1.5 cm and a 5-Hz vibration with an amplitude of 1.5 mm. C1 [Wang, Qi; Pepin, Matthew; Hayat, Majeed M.] Univ New Mexico, Ctr High Technol Mat, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [Wang, Qi; Pepin, Matthew; Santhanam, Balu; Hayat, Majeed M.] Univ New Mexico, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [Beach, Ryan J.] Univ New Mexico, Dept Mech Engn, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [Dunkel, Ralf] Gen Atom Aeronaut Syst Inc, San Diego, CA 92064 USA. [Atwood, Tom; Doerry, Armin W.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Gerstle, Walter] Univ New Mexico, Dept Civil Engn, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. RP Wang, Q (reprint author), Univ New Mexico, Ctr High Technol Mat, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. EM qwang@ece.unm.edu; pepinm@ece.unm.edu; rbeach41@unm.edu; Ralf.Dunkel@ga-asi.com; tdatwoo@sandia.gov; bsanthanam@ece.unm.edu; gerstle@unm.edu; awdoerr@sandia.gov; hayat@ece.unm.edu FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-FG52-08NA28782]; National Science Foundation [IIS-0813747]; National Consortium for MASINT Research; Sandia National Laboratories FX This work was supported in part by the U.S. Department of Energy under Award DE-FG52-08NA28782, by the National Science Foundation under Award IIS-0813747, by the National Consortium for MASINT Research, and by Sandia National Laboratories. NR 26 TC 18 Z9 22 U1 2 U2 14 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0196-2892 J9 IEEE T GEOSCI REMOTE JI IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing PD OCT PY 2012 VL 50 IS 10 BP 4145 EP 4156 DI 10.1109/TGRS.2012.2187665 PN 2 PG 12 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 014FX UT WOS:000309361700021 ER PT J AU Zhang, R Miller, JT Baertsch, CD AF Zhang, Rang Miller, Jeffery T. Baertsch, Chelsey D. TI Identifying the active redox oxygen sites in a mixed Cu and Ce oxide catalyst by in situ X-ray absorption spectroscopy and anaerobic reactions with CO in concentrated H-2 SO JOURNAL OF CATALYSIS LA English DT Article DE Mixed copper cerium oxide; CO-PROX; Active redox oxygen; XAS; Anaerobic titration; UV-Vis ID CARBON-MONOXIDE OXIDATION; AREA CUO-CEO2 CATALYSTS; PREFERENTIAL OXIDATION; CUO/CEO2 CATALYSTS; COPPER-CERIA; ULTRAVIOLET-ABSORPTION; COMPOSITE CATALYSTS; OPERANDO-DRIFTS; REDUCTION; BEHAVIOR AB The active redox oxygen site of a mixed copper cerium oxide catalyst (Cu0.07Ce0.93O2) and the active copper species for CO preferential oxidation in rich H-2 were investigated by in situ X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) at Cu K-edge during anaerobic reaction along with X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), ultraviolet-visible-near infrared (UV-Vis-NIR) diffuse reflectance spectroscopy. During anaerobic reaction, the absorption edge energy of in situ X-ray absorption near edge spectroscopy (XANES) spectra shifts to lower energy and the white-line intensity decreases, suggesting the reduction of Cu(II) to Cu(I) via the removal of surface lattice oxygen to oxidize CO. In addition, the first shell Cu-O peak intensity decrease of a series of Fourier transformed extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) spectra during anaerobic reaction indicates the loss of copper's first oxygen neighbor to oxidize CO. These provided for the first time the experimental evidence that the active/labile oxygen in copper cerium oxide catalysts is the first oxygen neighbor of Cu(II) species, which is further supported by UV-Vis studies on the reduction of the optical absorption edge energy of copper in the catalyst. (C) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Zhang, Rang; Baertsch, Chelsey D.] Purdue Univ, Sch Chem Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Miller, Jeffery T.] Argonne Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Engn Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Baertsch, CD (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Sch Chem Engn, 480 Stadium Mall Dr, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. EM cdbaertsch@gmail.com RI ID, MRCAT/G-7586-2011 FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, and Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; Department of Energy; NSF (CBET Career Award) [0644707] FX Use of the Advanced Photon Source is supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, and Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract DE-AC02-06CH11357. MRCAT operations are supported by the Department of Energy and the MRCAT member institutions. Funding is provided by NSF (CBET Career Award #0644707). The authors acknowledge Dr. Dima Zemlyanov for XPS measurements. NR 76 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 80 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0021-9517 J9 J CATAL JI J. Catal. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 294 BP 69 EP 78 DI 10.1016/j.jcat.2012.07.005 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Physical; Engineering, Chemical SC Chemistry; Engineering GA 013OK UT WOS:000309314500008 ER PT J AU Yan, T Redman, DW Yu, WY Flaherty, DW Rodriguez, JA Mullins, CB AF Yan, Ting Redman, Daniel W. Yu, Wen-Yueh Flaherty, David W. Rodriguez, Jose A. Mullins, C. Buddie TI CO oxidation on inverse Fe2O3/Au(111) model catalysts SO JOURNAL OF CATALYSIS LA English DT Article DE Inverse model catalyst; Gold catalysts; Iron oxide; Reaction mechanism; CO oxidation ID TIO2-SUPPORTED GOLD NANOCLUSTERS; GAS SHIFT REACTION; CARBON-MONOXIDE; SUPPORTED GOLD; DISSOCIATIVE CHEMISORPTION; AU/FE2O3 CATALYSTS; ATOMIC OXYGEN; ACTIVE-SITE; 90 K; TEMPERATURE AB CO oxidation is studied at pressures between 4 and 100 Tort and temperatures from 400 K to 670 K on inverse model catalysts made of Fe2O3 nanoclusters grown on a Au(111) single crystal surface. The addition of Fe2O3 nanoclusters transformed the inert Au(111) single crystal into an active catalyst for CO oxidation. The catalytic activity increases with iron oxide coverage initially and then decreases when the iron oxide coverage is greater than 0.5 monolayers. Additionally, when the iron oxide particles form a continuous film on Au(111), there is no catalytic activity. These experimental results strongly suggest that the active sites for CO oxidation are located at the iron oxide/gold perimeter. Kinetic measurements suggest that CO oxidation by chemisorbed oxygen at the Fe2O3/Au perimeter is likely to be the rate-limiting step. Carbon deposition observed via a post-reaction Auger electron spectra suggests that multiple reaction pathways are involved in CO oxidation over Fe2O3/Au(111). (C) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Yu, Wen-Yueh; Flaherty, David W.; Mullins, C. Buddie] Univ Texas Austin, Dept Chem Engn, Ctr Nano & Mol Sci, Ctr Electrochem,Texas Mat Inst, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Yan, Ting; Redman, Daniel W.; Mullins, C. Buddie] Univ Texas Austin, Ctr Nano & Mol Sci, Dept Chem & Biochem, Ctr Electrochem,Texas Mat Inst, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Rodriguez, Jose A.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Mullins, CB (reprint author), Univ Texas Austin, Dept Chem Engn, Ctr Nano & Mol Sci, Ctr Electrochem,Texas Mat Inst, Univ Stn C0400, Austin, TX 78712 USA. EM mullins@che.utexas.edu RI Yan, Ting /I-5164-2014; Yu, Wen-Yueh/Q-2350-2015 FU Department of Energy [DE-FG02-04ER 15587]; Welch Foundation [F-1436]; US Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-98CH10886] FX We gratefully acknowledge the Department of Energy (DE-FG02-04ER 15587) and the Welch Foundation (F-1436) for their generous support of these studies. J.A.R. is grateful for the financial support of the US Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences (DE-AC02-98CH10886). Finally, we greatly appreciate the helpful comments of the two reviewers of this manuscript. NR 52 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 6 U2 112 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0021-9517 EI 1090-2694 J9 J CATAL JI J. Catal. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 294 BP 216 EP 222 DI 10.1016/j.jcat.2012.07.024 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Engineering, Chemical SC Chemistry; Engineering GA 013OK UT WOS:000309314500022 ER PT J AU Nielsen, JA AF Nielsen, Jay A. CA Natl Conversation Public Hlth Chem TI From Conversation to Action: Implementation of the National Conversation on Public Health and Chemical Exposures SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Nielsen, Jay A.] CDC, ORISE, NCEH ATSDR, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Nielsen, JA (reprint author), CDC, ORISE, NCEH ATSDR, 4770 Buford Highway,Mailstop F-61, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM jnielsen@cdc.gov NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATL ENVIRON HEALTH ASSOC PI DENVER PA 720 S COLORADO BLVD SUITE 970, SOUTH TOWER, DENVER, CO 80246 USA SN 0022-0892 J9 J ENVIRON HEALTH JI J. Environ. Health PD OCT PY 2012 VL 75 IS 3 BP 38 EP 39 PG 2 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 013PF UT WOS:000309316600006 PM 23091969 ER PT J AU Gelting, RJ Baloch, MA AF Gelting, Richard J. Baloch, Mansoor A. TI The Food-Water Nexus: Irrigation Water Quality, Risks to Food Safety, and the Need for a Systems-Based Preventive Approach SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Baloch, Mansoor A.] CDC, ORISE, Environm Hlth Serv Branch, Div Emergency & Environm Hlth Serv,Natl Ctr Envir, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Baloch, MA (reprint author), CDC, ORISE, Environm Hlth Serv Branch, Div Emergency & Environm Hlth Serv,Natl Ctr Envir, 4770 Buford Highway NE,MS F-60, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM mbaloch@cdc.gov OI Baloch, Mansoor/0000-0002-1502-086X NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 14 PU NATL ENVIRON HEALTH ASSOC PI DENVER PA 720 S COLORADO BLVD SUITE 970, SOUTH TOWER, DENVER, CO 80246 USA SN 0022-0892 J9 J ENVIRON HEALTH JI J. Environ. Health PD OCT PY 2012 VL 75 IS 3 BP 40 EP 41 PG 2 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 013PF UT WOS:000309316600007 PM 23091970 ER PT J AU Bachand, GD Allen, A Bachand, M Achyuthan, KE Seagrave, JC Brozik, SM AF Bachand, George D. Allen, Amy Bachand, Marlene Achyuthan, Komandoor E. Seagrave, Jean Clare Brozik, Susan M. TI Cytotoxicity and inflammation in human alveolar epithelial cells following exposure to occupational levels of gold and silver nanoparticles SO JOURNAL OF NANOPARTICLE RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Nanotoxicology; Occupational health; Toxicology; Particle toxicology ID IN-VITRO; METAL NANOPARTICLES; ULTRAFINE PARTICLES; STATUS-ASTHMATICUS; CELLULAR TOXICITY; CARBON NANOTUBES; GENE-EXPRESSION; SURFACE-AREA; INTERLEUKIN-8; ACTIVATION AB While inhalation represents one of the most likely routes of exposure, the toxicity and response of nanoparticles at concentrations expected from such an exposure are not well understood. Here we characterized the in vitro response of human A549 adenocarcinomic alveolar epithelial cells following exposure to gold (AuNP) and silver (AgNP) nanoparticles at levels approximating an occupational exposure. Changes in neither oxidative stress nor cytotoxicity were significantly affected by exposure to AgNPs and AuNPs, regardless of NP type (Ag vs. Au), concentration, surface ligand (citrate or tannic acid), or size. An inflammatory response was, however, observed in response to 20 nm AgNPs and 20 nm AuNPs, where significant differences in the release of interleukin (IL)-8 but not IL-6 were observed. Additional data demonstrated that increased IL-8 secretion was strongly dependent on both nanoparticle size and concentration. Overall these data suggest that, while not acutely toxic, occupational exposure to AuNPs and AgNPs may trigger a significant inflammatory response in alveolar epithelium. Moreover, the differential responses in IL-8 and IL-6 secretion suggest that NPs may induce a response pathway that is distinct from those commonly elicited by allergens and pathogens. C1 [Bachand, George D.] Sandia Natl Labs, Ctr Integrated Nanotechnol, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Allen, Amy] Sandia Natl Labs, Dept Analyt Sci, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Bachand, Marlene] Sandia Natl Labs, Dept Nanobiol, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Achyuthan, Komandoor E.; Brozik, Susan M.] Sandia Natl Labs, Dept Biosensors & Nanomat, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Seagrave, Jean Clare] Lovelace Resp Res Inst, Appl Life Sci & Toxicol Div, Albuquerque, NM USA. RP Bachand, GD (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Ctr Integrated Nanotechnol, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM gdbacha@sandia.gov RI Geracitano, Laura/E-6926-2013 FU U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000]; Sandia National Laboratories' Laboratory Directed Research and Development Office; Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences FX The authors would like to thank Drs. Nathan Bouxsein and Conrad James for their critical comments on this manuscript. This work was supported by Sandia National Laboratories' Laboratory Directed Research and Development Office, and was performed, in part, at the Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, a U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences user facility. Sandia National Laboratories is a multi-program laboratory managed and operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corporation, for the U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. NR 48 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 49 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1388-0764 J9 J NANOPART RES JI J. Nanopart. Res. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 14 IS 10 AR 1212 DI 10.1007/s11051-012-1212-y PG 10 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA 013YD UT WOS:000309341200073 ER PT J AU Baxter, LR Harris, SP AF Baxter, Lindsay R. Harris, Stephen P. TI Statistical Sampling for In-Service Inspection of Underground Storage Tanks (PVP2011-57011) SO JOURNAL OF PRESSURE VESSEL TECHNOLOGY-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Article AB Savannah River Remediation, LLC (SRR) is implementing a statistical sampling strategy for in-service inspection (ISI) of liquid waste (LW) tanks at the United States Department of Energy's Savannah River Site (SRS) in Aiken, South Carolina. As a component of SRS's corrosion control program (CCP), the ISI program assesses tank wall structural integrity through the use of ultrasonic testing (UT). The statistical strategy for ISI is based on the random sampling of a number of vertically-oriented unit areas, called "strips," within each tank. The number of strips to inspect was determined so as to attain, over time, a high probability of observing at least one strip of the worst 5% in terms of pitting and corrosion across all tanks. The hypergeometric distribution was used in the probability estimation to determine the number of strips for inspection. In addition to the strip sampling strategy, a single strip within each tank was identified to serve as the baseline for a longitudinal assessment of the tank safe operational life. Statistical tolerance limits for pit depth and corrosion rates were calculated using existing data and will be updated as additional inspections are made. The statistical tolerance limits provide conservative estimates for use in tank life projections. The statistical sampling strategy enables the ISI program to develop individual profiles of LW tank wall structural integrity that collectively provide a high confidence in storage tank safety and integrity over operational lifetimes. [DOI: 10.1115/1.4005935] C1 [Baxter, Lindsay R.; Harris, Stephen P.] Savannah River Natl Lab, Aiken, SC 29808 USA. RP Baxter, LR (reprint author), Savannah River Natl Lab, Aiken, SC 29808 USA. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 8 PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA SN 0094-9930 J9 J PRESS VESS-T ASME JI J. Press. Vessel Technol.-Trans. ASME PD OCT PY 2012 VL 134 IS 5 AR 051601 DI 10.1115/1.4005935 PG 9 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA 015DF UT WOS:000309425000013 ER PT J AU Retuerto, M Li, MR Go, YB Ignatov, A Croft, M Ramanujachary, KV Herber, RH Nowik, I Hodges, JP Dachraoui, W Hadermann, J Greenblatt, M AF Retuerto, M. Li, M. -R. Go, Y. B. Ignatov, A. Croft, M. Ramanujachary, K. V. Herber, R. H. Nowik, I. Hodges, J. P. Dachraoui, W. Hadermann, J. Greenblatt, M. TI High magnetic ordering temperature in the perovskites Sr4-xLaxFe3ReO12 (x=0.0, 1.0, 2.0) SO JOURNAL OF SOLID STATE CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Perovskite; SrFeO3; LaFeO3; Sr2FeMoO6; Neutron diffraction; Crystal structure ID NEUTRON POWDER DIFFRACTION; ROOM-TEMPERATURE; T-C; MAGNETORESISTANCE; SR2FEMOO6; CRYSTAL; 0-LESS-THAN-OR-EQUAL-TO-X-LESS-THAN-OR-EQUAL-TO-1; TRANSITIONS; OXIDES; FIELD AB A series of perovskites Sr4-xLaxFe3ReO12 (x=0.0, 1.0, 2.0) has been prepared by wet chemistry methods. The structure analyses by powder X-ray and neutron diffraction and electron microscopy show that these compounds adopt simple perovskite structures without cation ordering over the B sites: tetragonal (I4/mcm) for x=0.0 and 1.0 and orthorhombic (Pbmn) for x=2.0. The oxidation states of the cations in the compound with x=0.0 appear to be Fe3+/4+ and Re7+ and decrease for both with La substitution as evidenced by X-ray absorption spectroscopy. All the compounds are antiferromagnetically ordered above room temperature, as demonstrated by Mossbauer spectroscopy and the magnetic structures, which were determined by powder neutron diffraction. The substitution of Sr by La strongly affects the magnetic properties with an increase of T-N up to similar to 750 K. (C) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Retuerto, M.; Li, M. -R.; Go, Y. B.; Greenblatt, M.] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Chem & Chem Biol, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. [Ignatov, A.; Croft, M.] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. [Ramanujachary, K. V.] Rowan Coll, Dept Chem & Phys, Glassboro, NJ 08028 USA. [Herber, R. H.; Nowik, I.] Hebrew Univ Jerusalem, Racah Inst Phys, IL-91904 Jerusalem, Israel. [Hodges, J. P.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Spallat Neutron Source, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Dachraoui, W.; Hadermann, J.] Univ Antwerp, EMAT, B-2020 Antwerp, Belgium. RP Greenblatt, M (reprint author), Rutgers State Univ, Dept Chem & Chem Biol, 610 Taylor Road, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. EM martha@rutchem.rutgers.edu RI Li, Man-Rong/D-1697-2012; Hodges, Jason/K-1421-2013; Li, Manrong/C-2632-2011; Retuerto, Maria/D-6425-2014; Hadermann, Joke/F-4644-2011; OI Li, Man-Rong/0000-0001-8424-9134; Retuerto, Maria/0000-0001-7564-3500; Hodges, Jason/0000-0003-3016-4578 FU Spanish Ministry of Education; Fulbright Commission; Division of Scientific User Facilities, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, US Department of Energy [DE-AC05-00OR22725]; UT-Battelle, LLC; [NSF-DMR-0966829] FX This work was supported by the NSF-DMR-0966829 grant. We also would like to thank the Spanish Ministry of Education and the Fulbright Commission for the grant of Dr. M. Retuerto. Use of the Spallation Neutron Source is supported by the Division of Scientific User Facilities, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, US Department of Energy, under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725 with UT-Battelle, LLC. NR 56 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 22 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0022-4596 J9 J SOLID STATE CHEM JI J. Solid State Chem. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 194 BP 48 EP 58 DI 10.1016/j.jssc.2012.06.031 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 007NW UT WOS:000308896400009 ER PT J AU Silva, GWC Kercher, AA Hunn, JD Martin, RC Jellison, GE Meyer, HM AF Silva, G. W. Chinthaka Kercher, Andrew A. Hunn, John D. Martin, Rodger C. Jellison, Gerald E. Meyer, Harry M. TI Characterization of zirconium carbides using electron microscopy, optical anisotropy, Auger depth profiles, X-ray diffraction, and electron density calculated by charge flipping method SO JOURNAL OF SOLID STATE CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Zirconium carbide; Optical anisotropy; Charge flipping; SEM; Auger depth profile ID TRANSITION-METAL CARBIDES; POWDER DIFFRACTION; FUEL; IRRADIATION; CARBON; SYSTEM AB Samples with five different zirconium carbide compositions (C/Zr molar ratio=0.84, 0.89, 0.95, 1.05, and 1.17) have been fabricated and studied using a variety of experimental techniques. Each sample was zone refined to ensure that the end product was polycrystalline with a grain size of 10-100 mu m. It was found that the lattice parameter was largest for the x=0.89 composition and smallest for the x=1.17 total C/Zr composition, but was not linear; this nonlinearity is possibly explained using electron densities calculated using charge flipping technique. Among the five samples, the unit cell of the ZrC0.89 sample showed the highest electron density, corresponding to the highest carbon incorporation and the largest lattice parameter. The ZrC0.84 sample showed the lowest carbon incorporation, resulting in a larger number of carbon vacancies and resultant strain. Samples with larger carbon ratios (x=0.95, 1.05, and 1.17) showed a slight decrease in lattice parameter, due to a decrease in electron density. Optical anisotropy measurements suggest that these three samples contained significant amounts of a graphitic carbon phase, not bonded to the Zr atoms. (C) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Silva, G. W. Chinthaka; Kercher, Andrew A.; Hunn, John D.; Martin, Rodger C.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Fuel Cycle & Isotopes Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Jellison, Gerald E.; Meyer, Harry M.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Silva, GWC (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Fuel Cycle & Isotopes Div, POB 2008,MS6093, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM chinthaka.silva@gmail.com; rokparent@comcast.net; hunnjd@ornl.gov; martinrc@ornl.gov; jellisongejr@ornl.gov; meyerhmiii@ornl.gov RI Kercher, Andrew/K-1147-2016; Silva, Chinthaka/E-1416-2017 OI Kercher, Andrew/0000-0003-1784-5686; Silva, Chinthaka/0000-0003-4637-6030 FU Office of Nuclear Energy, Science and Technology, US Department of Energy; Division of Scientific User Facilities, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, US Department of Energy FX This work was carried out at Oak Ridge National Laboratory and was sponsored by the Office of Nuclear Energy, Science and Technology, US Department of Energy. We thank Bill Mackie at All Wah Chang in Albany, OR for the elemental analysis. Many thanks go to Dr. Gokul Vasudevamurthy at ORNL for supplying mounted samples for microscopic analysis. Special thanks go to Dr. Andrew Payzant for his valuable discussions to make this paper successful and for providing help in obtaining and analyzing the XRD powder patterns. Thanks also to Dr. Roberta Peascoe Meisner for XRD powder analysis and Dr. Ed Kenik for SEM support. Thanks to Dr. William A. Mackie at Applied Physics Technologies, Inc. for sample preparation and discussions. A portion of this research was conducted at the SHaRE User Facility, which is sponsored by the Division of Scientific User Facilities, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, US Department of Energy. NR 27 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 3 U2 19 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0022-4596 J9 J SOLID STATE CHEM JI J. Solid State Chem. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 194 BP 91 EP 99 DI 10.1016/j.jssc.2012.04.047 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 007NW UT WOS:000308896400015 ER PT J AU Karthik, C Anderson, TJ Gout, D Ubic, R AF Karthik, Chinnathambi Anderson, Thomas J. Gout, Delphine Ubic, Rick TI Transmission electron microscopic study of pyrochlore to defect-fluorite transition in rare-earth pyrohafnates SO JOURNAL OF SOLID STATE CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Pyrochlore; Fluorite; Transmission electron microscopy; Electron diffraction ID SYSTEM; ZIRCONIAS; OXIDES; PHASE AB A structural transition in rare earth pyrohafnates, Ln(2)Hf(2)O(7) (Ln=Y, La, Pr, Nd, Tb, Dy, Yb and Lu), has been identified. Neutron diffraction showed that the structure transforms from well-ordered pyrochloric to fully fluoride through the lanthanide series from La to Lu with a corresponding increase in the position parameter x of the 48f (Fd (3) over bar m) oxygen site from 0.330 to 0.375. As evidenced by the selected area electron diffraction, La2Hf2O7, Pr2Hf2O7 and Nd2Hf2O7 exhibited a well-ordered pyrocholoric structure with the presence of intense superlattice spots, which became weak and diffuse (in Dy2Hf2O7 and Tb2Hf2O7) before disappearing completely as the series progressed towards the Lu end. High resolution electron microscopic studies showed the breakdown of the pyrochlore ordering in the form of antiphase domains resulting in diffused smoke-like superlattice spots in the case of Dy2Hf2O7 and Tb2Hf2O7. (c) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Karthik, Chinnathambi; Anderson, Thomas J.; Ubic, Rick] Boise State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Boise, ID 83725 USA. [Karthik, Chinnathambi; Ubic, Rick] Ctr Adv Energy Studies, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. [Gout, Delphine] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Neutron Scattering Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN USA. RP Karthik, C (reprint author), Boise State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, 1910 Univ Dr, Boise, ID 83725 USA. EM karthikc123@gmail.com FU DOE Office of Basic Energy Sciences; Los Alamos National Security LLC under DOE Contract [DE-AC52-06NA25396]; NSF [DMR 00-76488]; Department of Energy [National Nuclear Security Administration] [00041394/00026, DE-NE0000140]; NSF MRI grant [DMR-0521315] FX This work has benefited from the use of HIPD and NPDF at the Lujan Center at Los Alamos Neutron Science Center, funded by DOE Office of Basic Energy Sciences. Los Alamos National Laboratory is operated by Los Alamos National Security LLC under DOE Contract DE-AC52-06NA25396. The upgrade of NPDF has been funded by NSF through grant DMR 00-76488.; This material is based upon work supported by the Department of Energy [National Nuclear Security Administration] under Award Numbers 00041394/00026 and DE-NE0000140. TEM studies were carried out at the Boise State Centre for Materials Characterization (BSCMC) and were supported by NSF MRI grant DMR-0521315. This work has benefited from the use of HIPD and NPDF at the Lujan Center at Los Alamos Neutron Science Center, funded by DOE Office of Basic Energy Sciences. Los Alamos National Laboratory is operated by Los Alamos National Security LLC under DOE Contract DE-AC52-06NA25396. The upgrade of NPDF has been funded by NSF through grant DMR 00-76488. NR 19 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 3 U2 40 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0022-4596 J9 J SOLID STATE CHEM JI J. Solid State Chem. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 194 BP 168 EP 172 DI 10.1016/j.jssc.2012.05.008 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 007NW UT WOS:000308896400026 ER PT J AU Sintay, SD Rollett, AD AF Sintay, S. D. Rollett, A. D. TI Testing the accuracy of microstructure reconstruction in three dimensions using phantoms SO MODELLING AND SIMULATION IN MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING LA English DT Article ID CONSTRUCTION; ALUMINUM; SURFACES; VOLUMES AB Three-dimensional (3D) multi-region explicit geometric modeling of implicit images of polycrystalline materials microstructure is tested for accuracy and fitness using 3D Phantom geometries. Implicit data sets are generated from the explicit phantoms by sampling the phantoms over a range of resolutions, from which explicit representations are then reconstructed. The reconstructed models are tested for error against the phantoms to characterize the accuracy of the reconstruction techniques as a function of resolution. The error of the reconstructed geometries decreases with increasing resolution. However, the mean width of the reconstructed regions are consistently lower than the phantoms. C1 [Sintay, S. D.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Rollett, A. D.] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. RP Sintay, SD (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, IAT-3,MS C937, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM ssintay@lanl.gov; rollet@andrew.cmu.edu RI Rollett, Anthony/A-4096-2012 OI Rollett, Anthony/0000-0003-4445-2191 FU Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency [HR0011-04-C-0003]; Los Alamos National Laboratory's Laboratory Directed Research and Development program FX This work is partially sponsored by the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency under contract HR0011-04-C-0003. Dr Leo Christodoulou is the DARPA Program Manager. Additionally it is supported under Los Alamos National Laboratory's Laboratory Directed Research and Development program. The authors are pleased to acknowledge extensive technical discussions with members of the Northrop Grumman Structural Integrity Prognosis program, particularly Drs Elias L Anagnostou and the late John M Papazian. NR 23 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 9 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0965-0393 EI 1361-651X J9 MODEL SIMUL MATER SC JI Model. Simul. Mater. Sci. Eng. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 20 IS 7 AR 075005 DI 10.1088/0965-0393/20/7/075005 PG 18 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA 016GX UT WOS:000309506900005 ER PT J AU Weinberger, CR Tucker, GJ AF Weinberger, Christopher R. Tucker, Garritt J. TI Atomistic simulations of dislocation pinning points in pure face-centered-cubic nanopillars SO MODELLING AND SIMULATION IN MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING LA English DT Article ID MICRO-PILLAR PLASTICITY; SINGLE-CRYSTALS; NUCLEATION; DYNAMICS; STRENGTH; MULTIPLICATION; MICROPILLARS; MECHANISMS AB Single arm sources have been utilized to explain source-dependent strength in a variety of small-scale structures and have been observed to control plasticity in experiments. In this work, we investigate the stability of single arm sources using molecular dynamics focusing on Lomer-Cottrell dislocations as pinning points. We show that these segments are not stable enough to create static pinning points. We also show that some artificially created pinning points can act as stable sources, which allows us to investigate the strength of single arm sources and their dynamics in nanopillars. Finally, we show using constant strain rate molecular dynamics that single arm sources can be created and destroyed by interacting dislocations nucleated from free surfaces and grain boundaries. C1 [Weinberger, Christopher R.; Tucker, Garritt J.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Weinberger, CR (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800,MS 1411, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM crweinb@sandia.gov RI Weinberger, Christopher/E-2602-2011; Tucker, Garritt/A-1954-2016 OI Weinberger, Christopher/0000-0001-9550-6992; Tucker, Garritt/0000-0002-4011-450X FU Sandia Corporation; National Laboratories under its US Department of Energy [DE-AC04-94AL85000] FX This research was supported in part by an appointment to the Sandia National Laboratories Truman Fellowship in National Security Science and Engineering, sponsored by the Sandia Corporation (a wholly owned subsidiary of the Lockheed Martin Corporation) as Operator of Sandia National Laboratories under its US Department of Energy Contract No. DE-AC04-94AL85000. NR 41 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 3 U2 23 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0965-0393 J9 MODEL SIMUL MATER SC JI Model. Simul. Mater. Sci. Eng. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 20 IS 7 AR 075001 DI 10.1088/0965-0393/20/7/075001 PG 15 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA 016GX UT WOS:000309506900001 ER PT J AU Ren, H Du, C Yuan, Z Park, K Volkow, ND Pan, Y AF Ren, H. Du, C. Yuan, Z. Park, K. Volkow, N. D. Pan, Y. TI Cocaine-induced cortical microischemia in the rodent brain: clinical implications SO MOLECULAR PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Article DE 3D optical angiography; 3D optical Doppler tomography; cocaine toxicity; microischemia ID OPTICAL COHERENCE TOMOGRAPHY; BLOOD-FLOW; MECHANISM; ANGIOGRAPHY; EXPRESSION; MICROSCOPY; STROKE; YOUNG AB Cocaine-induced stroke is among the most serious medical complications associated with its abuse. However, the extent to which acute cocaine may induce silent microischemia predisposing the cerebral tissue to neurotoxicity has not been investigated; in part, because of limitations of current neuroimaging tools, that is, lack of high spatiotemporal resolution and sensitivity to simultaneously measure cerebral blood flow (CBF) in vessels of different calibers (including capillaries) quantitatively and over a large field of view. Here we combine ultrahigh-resolution optical coherence tomography to enable tracker-free three-dimensional (3D) microvascular angiography and a new phase-intensity-mapping algorithm to enhance the sensitivity of 3D optical Doppler tomography for simultaneous capillary CBF quantization. We apply the technique to study the responses of cerebral microvascular networks to single and repeated cocaine administration in the mouse somatosensory cortex. We show that within 2-3 min after cocaine administration CBF markedly decreased (for example, similar to 70%), but the magnitude and recovery differed for the various types of vessels; arterioles had the fastest recovery (similar to 5 min), capillaries varied drastically (from 4-20 min) and venules showed relatively slower recovery (similar to 12 min). More importantly, we showed that cocaine interrupted CBF in some arteriolar branches for over 45 min and this effect was exacerbated with repeated cocaine administration. These results provide evidence that cocaine doses within the range administered by drug abusers induces cerebral microischemia and that these effects are exacerbated with repeated use. Thus, cocaine-induced microischemia is likely to be a contributor to its neurotoxic effects. Molecular Psychiatry (2012) 17, 1017-1025; doi:10.1038/mp.2011.160; published online 29 November 2011 C1 [Ren, H.; Du, C.; Yuan, Z.; Park, K.; Pan, Y.] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Biomed Engn, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. [Du, C.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Med, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Volkow, N. D.] NIDA, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RP Pan, Y (reprint author), SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Biomed Engn, Bioengn Bldg,Room G17, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. EM congwu@bnl.gov; yingtian.pan@sunysb.edu RI Ren, Hugang/G-7342-2011 FU National Institutes of Health [K25-DA021200, 2R01-DK059265, 1RC1DA028534, 1R21-DA032228]; NIAAA Intramural Research Program FX This work was supported in part by the National Institutes of Health Grants K25-DA021200 (CD), 2R01-DK059265 (YP), 1RC1DA028534 (CD and YP), 1R21-DA032228 (CD and YP) and NIAAA Intramural Research Program (NDV). NR 29 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 2 U2 9 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 1359-4184 J9 MOL PSYCHIATR JI Mol. Psychiatr. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 17 IS 10 BP 1017 EP 1025 DI 10.1038/mp.2011.160 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Neurosciences; Psychiatry SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA 012DB UT WOS:000309214500007 PM 22124273 ER PT J AU Ashton, RS Conway, A Pangarkar, C Bergen, J Lim, KI Shah, P Bissell, M Schaffer, DV AF Ashton, Randolph S. Conway, Anthony Pangarkar, Chinmay Bergen, Jamie Lim, Kwang-Il Shah, Priya Bissell, Mina Schaffer, David V. TI Astrocytes regulate adult hippocampal neurogenesis through ephrin-B signaling SO NATURE NEUROSCIENCE LA English DT Article ID NEURAL STEM-CELLS; PROGENITOR CELLS; IN-VIVO; SUBVENTRICULAR ZONE; ANALYSIS REVEALS; NERVOUS-SYSTEM; SELF-RENEWAL; DIFFERENTIATION; PROLIFERATION; BRAIN AB Neurogenesis in the adult hippocampus involves activation of quiescent neural stem cells (NSCs) to yield transiently amplifying NSCs, progenitors, and, ultimately, neurons that affect learning and memory. This process is tightly controlled by microenvironmental cues, although a few endogenous factors are known to regulate neuronal differentiation. Astrocytes have been implicated, but their role in juxtacrine (that is, cell-cell contact dependent) signaling in NSC niches has not been investigated. We found that ephrin-B2 presented from rodent hippocampal astrocytes regulated neurogenesis in vivo. Furthermore, clonal analysis in NSC fate-mapping studies revealed a previously unknown role for ephrin-B2 in instructing neuronal differentiation. In addition, ephrin-B2 signaling, transduced by EphB4 receptors on NSCs, activated beta-catenin in vitro and in vivo independently of Wnt signaling and upregulated proneural transcription factors. Ephrin-B2(+) astrocytes therefore promote neuronal differentiation of adult NSCs through juxtacrine signaling, findings that advance our understanding of adult neurogenesis and may have future regenerative medicine implications. C1 [Ashton, Randolph S.; Conway, Anthony; Bergen, Jamie; Lim, Kwang-Il; Shah, Priya; Schaffer, David V.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Pangarkar, Chinmay; Bissell, Mina] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Schaffer, DV (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM schaffer@berkeley.edu FU US National Institutes of Health grant [EB007295]; Lawrence Berkeley National Lab Laboratory Directed Research and Development grant [3668DS]; California Institute of Regenerative Medicine training grant [T1-00007] FX We thank R. Fletcher for his guidance in mouse breeding and genotyping. This research was supported by US National Institutes of Health grant EB007295, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab Laboratory Directed Research and Development grant 3668DS and California Institute of Regenerative Medicine training grant T1-00007. NR 48 TC 68 Z9 70 U1 1 U2 27 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 1097-6256 EI 1546-1726 J9 NAT NEUROSCI JI Nat. Neurosci. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 15 IS 10 BP 1399 EP 1406 DI 10.1038/nn.3212 PG 8 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 013VZ UT WOS:000309335300020 PM 22983209 ER PT J AU Kim, JWS Lee, S Lui, N Choi, H Mulvihill, M Fang, LT Kang, HC Kwon, YW Jablons, D Kim, IJ AF Kim, James Wan Soo Lee, Sharon Lui, Natalie Choi, Helen Mulvihill, Michael Fang, Li Tai Kang, Hio Chung Kwon, Yong-Won Jablons, David Kim, Il-Jin TI A somatic TSHR mutation in a patient with lung adenocarcinoma with bronchioloalveolar carcinoma, coronary artery disease and severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease SO ONCOLOGY REPORTS LA English DT Article DE thyroid stimulating hormone receptor; lung cancer; adenocarcinoma; mutation ID THYROTROPIN RECEPTOR GENE; NON-AUTOIMMUNE HYPERTHYROIDISM; EML4-ALK FUSION GENE; CANCER; EPIDEMIOLOGY; GEFITINIB; RISK AB In a screen for thoracic malignancy-associated markers, thyroid stimulating hormone receptor (TSHR) was identified as a candidate as it binds to the previously-characterized lung cancer marker NKX2-1. We screened for mutations in all coding regions of the TSHR gene in 96 lung adenocarcinoma samples and their matched adjacent normal lung samples. We found one patient with a somatic mutation at codon 458 (exon 10), which is located at the transmembrane domain where most TSHR mutations have been found in thyroid-related diseases. This patient had lung adenocarcinoma with BAC (bronchioloalveolar carcinoma) features in the setting of a prior medical history significant for carotid stenosis and severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). In order to characterize the genetic features of TSHR in lung cancer, we checked for TSHR expression and copy number in the 96 lung cancer tissues. TSHR protein expression was generally overexpressed in multiple thoracic malignancies (adenocarcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma and malignant pleural mesothelioma) by immunohistochemistry. Our data suggest that aberrant TSHR function may contribute to lung cancer development or a subgroup of lung cancer with specific clinical phenotypes. C1 [Kim, James Wan Soo; Lee, Sharon; Lui, Natalie; Choi, Helen; Mulvihill, Michael; Fang, Li Tai; Jablons, David; Kim, Il-Jin] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Surg, Thorac Oncol Lab, San Francisco, CA 94115 USA. [Choi, Helen; Kang, Hio Chung; Jablons, David; Kim, Il-Jin] Univ Calif San Francisco, Ctr Comprehens Canc, San Francisco, CA 94115 USA. [Kwon, Yong-Won] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Dept Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Kim, IJ (reprint author), Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Surg, Thorac Oncol Lab, 2340 Sutter St,Room N225, San Francisco, CA 94115 USA. EM david.jablons@ucsfmedctr.org; kimij@cc.ucsf.edu OI Fang, Li Tai/0000-0003-3201-5162; Mulvihill, Michael/0000-0002-8122-1483 FU Barbara Isackson Lung Cancer Research Fund; Eileen D. Ludwig Endowed Fund; Kazan, McClain, Abrams, Fernandez, Lyons, Greenwood, Harley & Oberman Foundation Fund for Thoracic Oncology Research; UALC (Uniting Against Lung Cancer) foundation FX This work was supported by the Barbara Isackson Lung Cancer Research Fund, The Eileen D. Ludwig Endowed Fund, and Kazan, McClain, Abrams, Fernandez, Lyons, Greenwood, Harley & Oberman Foundation Fund for Thoracic Oncology Research. I.J.K. is supported by the UALC (Uniting Against Lung Cancer) foundation. NR 29 TC 1 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 5 PU SPANDIDOS PUBL LTD PI ATHENS PA POB 18179, ATHENS, 116 10, GREECE SN 1021-335X J9 ONCOL REP JI Oncol. Rep. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 28 IS 4 BP 1225 EP 1230 DI 10.3892/or.2012.1938 PG 6 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 013OT UT WOS:000309315400015 PM 22842620 ER PT J AU Drocco, JA Wieschaus, EF Tank, DW AF Drocco, J. A. Wieschaus, E. F. Tank, D. W. TI The synthesis-diffusion-degradation model explains Bicoid gradient formation in unfertilized eggs SO PHYSICAL BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID GREEN FLUORESCENT PROTEIN; DROSOPHILA EMBRYO; MORPHOGEN GRADIENT; POSITIONAL INFORMATION; 2-PHOTON EXCITATION; ANTERIOR PATTERN; LOCALIZATION; DYNAMICS; NUCLEAR; LIMITS AB Precise formation of morphogen gradients is essential to the establishment of reproducible pattern in development. Mechanisms proposed for obtaining the requisite precision range from simple models with few parameters to more complex models involving many regulated quantities. The synthesis-diffusion-degradation (SDD) model is a relatively simple model explaining the formation of the Bicoid gradient in Drosophila melanogaster, in which the steady-state characteristic length of the gradient is determined solely by the rates of diffusion and degradation of the morphogen. In this work, we test the SDD model in unfertilized D. melanogaster eggs, which contain a single female pronucleus and lack the nuclear division cycles and other zygotic regulatory processes seen in fertilized eggs. Using two-photon live imaging as well as a novel method for quantitative imaging based on decorrelation of photoswitching waveforms, we find that the Bicoid gradient is longer and shallower in unfertilized eggs as compared to the gradient at the same time points in fertilized eggs. Using a means of measuring the Bicoid lifetime by conjugation to a photoconvertible fluorophore, we find that the lifetime is correspondingly longer in unfertilized eggs, providing qualitative and quantitative agreement with the predictions of the SDD model. C1 [Drocco, J. A.] Princeton Univ, Joseph Henry Labs Phys, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Drocco, J. A.; Tank, D. W.] Princeton Univ, Lewis Sigler Inst Integrat Genom, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Wieschaus, E. F.; Tank, D. W.] Princeton Univ, Dept Mol Biol, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Wieschaus, E. F.] Princeton Univ, Howard Hughes Med Inst, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. RP Drocco, JA (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM dwtank@princeton.edu FU Howard Hughes Medical Institute; National Institutes of Health [R01-GM077599]; Computational Science Graduate Fellowship, Department of Energy [DE-FG02-97ER25308] FX We thank Jon Weissman, Shawn Little and Oliver Grimm for helpful discussions. This work was supported by the Howard Hughes Medical Institute and National Institutes of Health grant R01-GM077599. JAD was supported by the Computational Science Graduate Fellowship, Department of Energy grant DE-FG02-97ER25308. NR 42 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 17 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1478-3967 EI 1478-3975 J9 PHYS BIOL JI Phys. Biol. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 9 IS 5 AR 055004 DI 10.1088/1478-3975/9/5/055004 PG 12 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA 016JU UT WOS:000309514900006 PM 23011646 ER PT J AU Nemenman, I Gnanakaran, S Hlavacek, WS Jiang, Y Munsky, B Wall, ME Faeder, JR AF Nemenman, Ilya Gnanakaran, S. Hlavacek, William S. Jiang, Yi Munsky, Brian Wall, Michael E. Faeder, James R. TI The Fifth Annual q-bio Conference on Cellular Information Processing SO PHYSICAL BIOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Nemenman, Ilya] Emory Univ, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Gnanakaran, S.; Hlavacek, William S.; Jiang, Yi; Munsky, Brian; Wall, Michael E.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Faeder, James R.] Univ Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. RP Nemenman, I (reprint author), Emory Univ, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. RI Munsky, Brian/A-1947-2016; OI Munsky, Brian/0000-0001-6147-7329; Nemenman, Ilya/0000-0003-3024-4244; Gnanakaran, S/0000-0002-9368-3044; Alexandrov, Ludmil/0000-0003-3596-4515; Hlavacek, William/0000-0003-4383-8711 NR 5 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 5 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1478-3967 J9 PHYS BIOL JI Phys. Biol. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 9 IS 5 AR 050201 DI 10.1088/1478-3975/9/5/050201 PG 4 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA 016JU UT WOS:000309514900001 ER PT J AU Huang, B Cao, XK Jiang, HX Lin, JY Wei, SH AF Huang, Bing Cao, X. K. Jiang, H. X. Lin, J. Y. Wei, Su-Huai TI Origin of the significantly enhanced optical transitions in layered boron nitride SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID SELECTION-RULES; BAND-STRUCTURE; WURTZITE; STATE AB It is normally expected that an excellent optical material should have p -> s-like transitions at the absorption edge. This is because the strength of p. s-like transitions usually is much stronger than those of p -> p transitions, especially in those ionic semiconductors where the electronic states are more localized and behave as atomic characters. Here, we demonstrate an exception that the luminescence intensity of hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) could be at least two orders of magnitude greater than that of AlN, despite the dominated atomic p -> p transitions at the absorption edge of h-BN. Using group theory analysis and first-principles calculations, we show that the strong optical transitions in h-BN originate from the unusually strong p -> p-like transitions and its "two-dimensional" nature. As learned from h-BN, we demonstrate that one can dramatically increase the absorption or luminescence intensity at the fundamental absorption edge of an optical material by confining its thickness into a few layers, which is much more effective than the commonly used superlattice technology. C1 [Huang, Bing; Wei, Su-Huai] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Cao, X. K.; Jiang, H. X.; Lin, J. Y.] Texas Tech Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. RP Huang, B (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, 1617 Cole Blvd, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RI Lin, Jingyu/A-7276-2011; Huang, Bing/D-8941-2011; Jiang, Hongxing/F-3635-2011; Yambo, MBPT Code/O-4564-2015 OI Lin, Jingyu/0000-0003-1705-2635; Huang, Bing/0000-0001-6735-4637; Jiang, Hongxing/0000-0001-9892-4292; FU US Department of Energy [DE-AC36- 08GO28308, FG02-09ER46552]; Whitacre endowed chair positions through the ATT foundation FX This work was supported by the US Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC36- 08GO28308 to NREL and under Contract No. FG02-09ER46552 to TTU. H.X.J. and J.Y.L. would like to acknowledge the support of Whitacre endowed chair positions through the ATT foundation. We would also like to acknowledge assistance from Qiang Xu of NREL and J. Li and S. Majety from TTU. NR 29 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 4 U2 36 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD OCT 1 PY 2012 VL 86 IS 15 AR 155202 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.86.155202 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 013ZU UT WOS:000309345600005 ER PT J AU Xi, L Zhang, YB Shi, XY Yang, J Shi, X Chen, LD Zhang, W Yang, JH Singh, DJ AF Xi, L. Zhang, Y. B. Shi, X. Y. Yang, J. Shi, X. Chen, L. D. Zhang, W. Yang, Jihui Singh, D. J. TI Chemical bonding, conductive network, and thermoelectric performance of the ternary semiconductors Cu2SnX3 (X = Se, S) from first principles SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID GENERALIZED GRADIENT APPROXIMATION; DENSITY-FUNCTIONAL THEORY; DIAMOND-LIKE STRUCTURE; AUGMENTED-WAVE METHOD; THERMAL-CONDUCTIVITY; TRANSPORT-PROPERTIES; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; PBTE; CHALCOGENIDES; SKUTTERUDITES AB The p-type Cu2SnX3 (X = Se, S) compounds are known experimentally to be good thermoelectric materials, although the reasons for this good performance in an adamantine-derived crystal structure are not well understood. Here, we demonstrate the existence of a three-dimensional (3D) hole conductive network in these ternary diamondlike Cu2SnX3 (X = Se, S) semiconductors using ab initio calculations, and identify the features of the electronic structure responsible for this good performance. We also provide results as a function of doping level to find the regime where the highest performance will be realized and estimate the maximum figure of merit, ZT. Our results clearly show that the strong hybridization between 3d orbitals from copper and p orbitals from selenium or sulfur at the upper valence band leads to the 3D p-type hole transport channel, mainly consisting of Cu-X and X-X networks in Cu2SnX3 (X = Se, S). The resulting heavy, but still conductive, hybridized bands of Cu d-chalcogen p character are highly favorable for thermoelectric performance. The electrical transport properties of these p-type materials are mainly determined by these bands and have been investigated by Boltzmann transport methods. The optimal doping levels of Cu2SnX3 are estimated to be around 0.1 holes per unit cell at 700 K. The theoretical figure of merit ZT has been predicted. C1 [Xi, L.; Zhang, Y. B.; Shi, X. Y.; Yang, J.; Shi, X.; Chen, L. D.; Zhang, W.] Chinese Acad Sci, Shanghai Inst Ceram, State Key Lab High Performance Ceram & Superfine, Shanghai 200050, Peoples R China. [Yang, Jihui] Univ Washington, Mat Sci & Engn Dept, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Singh, D. J.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Zhang, W (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Shanghai Inst Ceram, State Key Lab High Performance Ceram & Superfine, Shanghai 200050, Peoples R China. EM wqzhang@mail.sic.ac.cn RI Zhang, Wenqing/K-1236-2012; Yang, Jihui/A-3109-2009; shi, xiaoya/A-4934-2013; shi, xun/B-4499-2009; Yang, Jiong/K-6330-2014 OI shi, xun/0000-0002-3806-0303; Yang, Jiong/0000-0002-5862-5981 FU National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) [11204333, 50825205, 51028201, 50821064]; Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) project [KJCX2-YW-H20]; CAS/SAFEA International Partnership Program for Creative Research Teams; US Department of Energy, Basic Energy Sciences, S3TEC Energy Frontier Research Center FX This work is partially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) under Grants No. 11204333, 50825205, 51028201, and 50821064, and Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) project (KJCX2-YW-H20), and by the CAS/SAFEA International Partnership Program for Creative Research Teams. Work at Oak Ridge National Laboratory was supported by the US Department of Energy, Basic Energy Sciences, S3TEC Energy Frontier Research Center. NR 72 TC 43 Z9 43 U1 14 U2 96 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9950 EI 2469-9969 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD OCT 1 PY 2012 VL 86 IS 15 AR 155201 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.86.155201 PG 14 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 013ZU UT WOS:000309345600004 ER PT J AU Kaki, K Suzuki, Y Wiringa, RB AF Kaki, K. Suzuki, Y. Wiringa, R. B. TI Polarized proton + He-4,He-6,He-8 elastic scattering with breakup effects in the eikonal approximation SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID MONTE-CARLO CALCULATIONS; INELASTIC-SCATTERING; NUCLEI; HALO; DEUTERON; BREAKUP; LI-11; HE-6 AB We study the elastic scattering of polarized protons from He isotopes. The central and spin-orbit parts of the optical potential are derived using the Glauber theory that can naturally take account of the breakup effect of the He isotopes. Both the differential cross section and the vector analyzing power for p + He-4,He-6,He-8 scattering at 71 MeV are in reasonable agreement with experiment. Scattering observables at 300 MeV are predicted. The Pauli blocking effect is examined at 71 MeV. C1 [Kaki, K.] Shizuoka Univ, Dept Phys, Shizuoka 4228529, Japan. [Suzuki, Y.] Niigata Univ, Dept Phys, Niigata 9502181, Japan. [Suzuki, Y.] RIKEN Nishina Ctr, Wako, Saitama 3510198, Japan. [Wiringa, R. B.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Kaki, K (reprint author), Shizuoka Univ, Dept Phys, Shizuoka 4228529, Japan. EM spkkaki@ipc.shizuoka.ac.jp RI Wiringa, Robert/M-4970-2015 FU Japan Society for the Promotion of Science [21540261, 24540261]; US Department of Energy, Office of Nuclear Physics [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX The authors thank T. Uesaka and S. Sakaguchi for several useful discussions and Ch. Elster for sending them the results of Ref. [5]. The work of Y.S. is supported in part by Grants- in-Aid for Scientific Research (No. 21540261 and No. 24540261) of the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science. The work of R.B.W. is supported by the US Department of Energy, Office of Nuclear Physics, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. NR 34 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9985 EI 2469-9993 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD OCT 1 PY 2012 VL 86 IS 4 AR 044601 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.86.044601 PG 9 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 014AB UT WOS:000309346300006 ER PT J AU Stefanova, EA Lalkovski, S Korichi, A Kutsarova, T Lopez-Martens, A Xu, FR Liu, HL Kisyov, S Minkova, A Bazzacco, D Bergstrom, M Gorgen, A Hannachi, F Herskind, B Hubel, H Jansen, A Khoo, TL Podolyak, Z Schonwasser, G AF Stefanova, E. A. Lalkovski, S. Korichi, A. Kutsarova, T. Lopez-Martens, A. Xu, F. R. Liu, H. L. Kisyov, S. Minkova, A. Bazzacco, D. Bergstrom, M. Goergen, A. Hannachi, F. Herskind, B. Huebel, H. Jansen, A. Khoo, T. L. Podolyak, Zs. Schoenwasser, G. TI Observation of positive-parity bands in Pd-109 and Pd-111: Enhanced gamma softness SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID ION-INDUCED FISSION; COMPOSITE GE DETECTORS; NUCLEAR-DATA SHEETS; EUROBALL; REGION; STATES; RU-104 AB The neutron-rich nuclei Pd-109 and Pd-111 were produced as fission fragments following the Si-30 + Er-168 reaction at 142 MeV. Using the identification based on the coincidences with the complementary fission fragments, the only positive-parity bands observed so far in Pd-109 and Pd-111 emerged from this work. A band, built on top of the 5/2(+) ground state exhibiting Delta I = 1 energy-level staggering, was observed in each of these nuclei. Both nuclei of interest, Pd-109 and Pd-111, are suggested to lie in the transitional region of Pd isotopes of maximum gamma softness. The ground states of both nuclei are predicted by total Routhian surface calculations to be extremely gamma soft with shallow triaxial minima. The first crossing in the new bands is proposed to be attributable to an alignment of h(11/2)(2) neutrons. C1 [Stefanova, E. A.; Kutsarova, T.] Bulgarian Acad Sci, Inst Nucl Res & Nucl Energy, BU-1784 Sofia, Bulgaria. [Lalkovski, S.; Kisyov, S.; Minkova, A.] Sofia Univ St Kliment Ohridski, Fac Phys, Sofia 1164, Bulgaria. [Korichi, A.; Lopez-Martens, A.; Hannachi, F.] CNRS, CSNSM Orsay, IN2P3, F-91405 Orsay, France. [Xu, F. R.; Liu, H. L.] Peking Univ, Sch Phys, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China. [Bazzacco, D.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Padova, I-35131 Padua, Italy. [Bergstrom, M.; Herskind, B.] Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark. [Goergen, A.; Huebel, H.; Jansen, A.; Schoenwasser, G.] Univ Bonn, Helmholtz Inst Strahlen & Kernphys, D-53115 Bonn, Germany. [Khoo, T. L.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Podolyak, Zs.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Legnaro, I-35020 Legnaro, Italy. RP Stefanova, EA (reprint author), Bulgarian Acad Sci, Inst Nucl Res & Nucl Energy, BU-1784 Sofia, Bulgaria. EM elenas@inrne.bas.bg RI Xu, Furong/K-4178-2013; OI Gorgen, Andreas/0000-0003-1916-9941 FU Bulgarian National Science Fund [DMU02/1]; Bulgarian Academy of Sciences-CNRS [4847]; German BMBF [06BN109] FX The authors would like to acknowledge the useful discussions with N. Minkov. This work was partly supported from the Bulgarian National Science Fund, Contract No. DMU02/1, the collaboration agreement between Bulgarian Academy of Sciences-CNRS under Contract No. 4847, and by the German BMBF under Contract No. 06BN109. NR 28 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD OCT 1 PY 2012 VL 86 IS 4 AR 044302 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.86.044302 PG 9 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 014AB UT WOS:000309346300002 ER PT J AU Roy, D AF Roy, Dibyendu TI Crossover from Fermi-Pasta-Ulam to normal diffusive behavior in heat conduction through open anharmonic lattices SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID THERMAL-CONDUCTIVITY; DIMENSIONAL LATTICES; TRANSPORT AB We study heat conduction in one-, two-, and three-dimensional anharmonic lattices connected to stochastic Langevin heat baths. The interatomic potential of the lattices is double-well type, i.e., V-DW(x) = k(2)x(2)/2 + k(4)x(4)/4 with k(2) < 0 and k(4) > 0. We observe two different temperature regimes of transport: a high-temperature regime where asymptotic length dependence of nonequilibrium steady state heat current is similar to the well-known Fermi-Pasta-Ulam lattices with an interatomic potential, V-FPU(x) = k(2)x(2)/2 + k(4)x(4)/4 with k(2),k(4) > 0, and a low-temperature regime where heat conduction is most likely diffusive normal, satisfying Fourier's law. We present our simulation results for different temperature regimes in all dimensions. C1 [Roy, Dibyendu] Univ Cincinnati, Dept Phys, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. RP Roy, D (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Roy, Dibyendu/D-3286-2013; Dibyendu, Roy /E-6903-2017 OI Roy, Dibyendu/0000-0002-8966-8677; NR 20 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 2 U2 12 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1539-3755 J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD OCT 1 PY 2012 VL 86 IS 4 AR 041102 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.86.041102 PN 1 PG 5 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 014BP UT WOS:000309350400002 PM 23214524 ER PT J AU Nguyen, NB Nunes, FM Thompson, IJ Brown, EF AF Nguyen, N. B. Nunes, F. M. Thompson, I. J. Brown, E. F. TI Low-Temperature Triple-Alpha Rate in a Full Three-Body Nuclear Model SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID GENERAL-ORDER COLLISIONS; HELIUM IGNITION; C-12; RESONANCES; SCATTERING; CONTINUUM; TERTIARY; BREAKUP AB A new three-body method is used to compute the rate of the triple-alpha capture reaction, which is the primary source of C-12 in stars. In this Letter, we combine the Faddeev hyperspherical harmonics and the R-matrix method to obtain a full solution to the three-body alpha + alpha + alpha continuum. Particular attention is paid to the long-range effects caused by the pairwise Coulomb interactions. The new rate agrees with the Nuclear Astrophysics Compilation of Reaction rates for temperatures greater than 0.07 GK, but a large enhancement at lower temperature is found (approximate to 10(12) at 0.02 GK). Our results are compared to previous calculations where additional approximations were made. We show that the new rate does not significantly change the evolution of stars around one solar mass. In particular, such stars still undergo a red-giant phase consistent with observations, and no significant differences are found in the final white dwarfs. C1 [Nguyen, N. B.; Nunes, F. M.; Brown, E. F.] Michigan State Univ, Natl Superconducting Cyclotron Lab, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Nguyen, N. B.; Nunes, F. M.; Brown, E. F.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Thompson, I. J.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. [Brown, E. F.] Michigan State Univ, Joint Inst Nucl Astrophys, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. RP Nguyen, NB (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Natl Superconducting Cyclotron Lab, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. EM nguyenn@nscl.msu.edu; nunes@nscl.msu.edu RI Brown, Edward/F-1721-2011; OI Brown, Edward/0000-0003-3806-5339 FU National Science Foundation Grant [PHY-0800026]; Department of Energy [DE-FG52-08NA28552, DE-SC0004087]; U.S. Department of Energy by the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344] FX We thank Richard Cyburt, Ron Johnson, Akram Mukhamedzhanov, and Chuck Horowitz for useful discussions during this project. This study was supported by the National Science Foundation Grant No. PHY-0800026 and the Department of Energy under Contracts No. DE-FG52-08NA28552 and No. DE-SC0004087. This work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract No. DE-AC52-07NA27344. NR 27 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD OCT 1 PY 2012 VL 109 IS 14 AR 141101 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.109.141101 PG 5 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 014CI UT WOS:000309352300001 PM 23083232 ER PT J AU Logan, J Carruthers, NI Letavic, MA Sands, S Jiang, XH Shea, C Muench, L Xu, YW Carter, P King, P Fowler, JS AF Logan, Jean Carruthers, Nicholas I. Letavic, Michael A. Sands, Steven Jiang, Xiaohui Shea, Colleen Muench, Lisa Xu, Youwen Carter, Pauline King, Payton Fowler, Joanna S. TI Blockade of the brain histamine H3 receptor by JNJ-39220675: preclinical PET studies with [C-11]GSK189254 in anesthetized baboon SO PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Histamine H-3; PET; JNJ-39220675 ID H-3 RECEPTOR; DOPAMINE TRANSPORTERS; ANTAGONISTS; DISORDERS; TARGET; IDENTIFICATION; RADIOLIGAND; AGONIST AB The preclinical characterization of a series of aryloxypyridine amides has identified JNJ-39220675 ((4-cyclobutyl-1,4-diazepan-1-yl)(6-(4-fluorophenoxy)pyridin-3-yl)methanone) as a high-affinity histamine H-3 receptor antagonist and a candidate for further drug development particularly in the treatment of alcohol-related behaviors. This study measured brain histamine H-3 receptor blockade by JNJ-39220675 (1 mg/kg) in the female baboon. Positron emission tomography imaging and [C-11]GSK189254, a reversible high-affinity radiotracer with specificity for the histamine H-3 receptor, was used to measure histamine H-3 receptor availability at baseline and after i.v. and oral administration of JNJ-39220675 (1 mg/kg) in the anesthetized baboon. Histamine H-3 receptor availability was estimated as the total distribution volume (V (T)) in brain regions. The sensitivity of [C-11]GSK189254 binding to injected mass and carryover effects was determined. JNJ-39220675 produces robust (ca. 90 %) blockade of [C-11]GSK189254 binding after i.v. and oral administration. After oral administration of JNJ-39220675 (1 mg/kg), the fractional receptor occupancy was > 0.9 at 90 min with a slight increase from 90 to 240 min. Similar to prior studies in humans, V (T) was highly sensitive to the mass of GSK189254 with ED50 estimated to be 0.16 mu g/kg. The robust blockade of binding of [C-11]GSK189254 by JNJ-39220675 demonstrates that this compound readily penetrates the blood-brain barrier and occupies the histamine H-3 receptor after oral administration at low plasma concentrations (similar to 1 ng/cc) supporting further drug development for alcohol addiction and other disorders. This study corroborates prior reports of the high sensitivity of [C-11]GSK189254 to injected mass at doses > 0.1 mu g/kg. C1 [Logan, Jean; Shea, Colleen; Xu, Youwen; Carter, Pauline; King, Payton; Fowler, Joanna S.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Med, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Carruthers, Nicholas I.; Letavic, Michael A.; Sands, Steven; Jiang, Xiaohui] Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceut Res & Dev LLC, San Diego, CA 92121 USA. [Muench, Lisa] NIAAA, Bethesda, MD 20852 USA. RP Logan, J (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Med, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM logan@bnl.gov FU Brookhaven National Laboratory [DE-AC02-98CH10886]; Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research Development; NIH [K05DA020001] FX This study was carried out using the infrastructure of Brookhaven National Laboratory under contract DE-AC02-98CH10886 and supported by Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research & Development. Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research & Development was involved in the conception and design of the study, monitoring of the results, and in the writing and approval of the manuscript. JSF is supported in part by a K award from the NIH (K05DA020001). The authors are grateful to Joan Terry and Hai-Dee Lee for CRC operations, Don Warner for PET operations, and Michael Schueller and David Schlyer for cyclotron operations. All experiments complied with the current laws of USA. NR 24 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 7 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0033-3158 J9 PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY JI Psychopharmacology PD OCT PY 2012 VL 223 IS 4 BP 447 EP 455 DI 10.1007/s00213-012-2733-x PG 9 WC Neurosciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry GA 012RH UT WOS:000309253700008 PM 22614669 ER PT J AU Iverson, BD Broome, ST Kruizenga, AM Cordaro, JG AF Iverson, Brian D. Broome, Scott T. Kruizenga, Alan M. Cordaro, Joseph G. TI Thermal and mechanical properties of nitrate thermal storage salts in the solid-phase SO SOLAR ENERGY LA English DT Article DE Nitrate salt; Thermal storage; Thermal and mechanical property; Solid-phase ID HEAT-CAPACITIES; ENERGY STORAGE AB Implementation of molten salt compounds as the heat transfer fluid and energy storage medium provides specific benefits to energy collection and conversion. Nitrate salts have been identified as a strong candidate for energy transfer and storage and have been demonstrated for use in these applications over time. As nitrate salts have solidification temperatures above ambient, concern for recovery from salt freezing events has instigated efforts to understand and predict this behavior. Accurate information of salt property behavior in the solid-phase is necessary for understanding recovery from a freeze event as well as for phase change thermal energy storage applications. Thermal and mechanical properties for three representative salts (solar salt, HITEC salt, and a Na-K-Li-Ca nitrate salt; spanning the range of liquidus temperatures from approximately 90-240 degrees C), have been obtained. These properties include: specific heat, coefficient of thermal expansion, thermal conductivity, latent heat of fusion, compressive strength, tensile strength, Young's modulus and Poisson's ratio. Specific heat, thermal conductivity and latent heat of fusion were measured using differential scanning calorimetry. Temperature was not observed to have a significant effect on tensile strength using an indirect tensile test (Brazilian test). Peak stress and Young's modulus (both from unconfined compressive strength testing) were shown to decrease while Poisson's ratio increased with increasing temperature. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Iverson, Brian D.; Broome, Scott T.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Kruizenga, Alan M.; Cordaro, Joseph G.] Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Iverson, BD (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM bdivers@sandia.gov FU US Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000] FX This manuscript has been authored by Sandia National Laboratories, a multi-program laboratory managed and operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corporation, for the US Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. NR 31 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 40 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0038-092X J9 SOL ENERGY JI Sol. Energy PD OCT PY 2012 VL 86 IS 10 BP 2897 EP 2911 DI 10.1016/j.solener.2012.03.011 PG 15 WC Energy & Fuels SC Energy & Fuels GA 013LG UT WOS:000309306300001 ER PT J AU Cui, XH Kim, HK Liu, C Kao, SC Bhaduri, BL AF Cui, Xiaohui Kim, Hoe Kyoung Liu, Cheng Kao, Shih-Chieh Bhaduri, Budhendra L. TI Simulating the household plug-in hybrid electric vehicle distribution and its electric distribution network impacts SO TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH PART D-TRANSPORT AND ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Plug-in hybrid electric vehicles; Electric distribution network; Transportation and energy technology AB This paper presents a multi agent-based simulation framework for modeling spatial distribution of plug-in hybrid electric vehicle ownership at local residential level, discovering "plug-in hybrid electric vehicle hot zones" where ownership may quickly increase in the near future, and estimating the impacts of the increasing plug-in hybrid electric vehicle ownership on the local electric distribution network with different charging strategies. We use Knox County, Tennessee as a case study to highlight the simulation results of the agent-based simulation framework. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Kim, Hoe Kyoung] Dong A Univ, Dept Urban Planning, Pusan 604714, South Korea. [Cui, Xiaohui] New York Inst Technol, New York, NY 10023 USA. [Liu, Cheng; Kao, Shih-Chieh; Bhaduri, Budhendra L.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Kim, HK (reprint author), Dong A Univ, Dept Urban Planning, 840,Hadan2 Dong, Pusan 604714, South Korea. EM hoekim@dau.ac.kr RI Kao, Shih-Chieh/B-9428-2012 OI Kao, Shih-Chieh/0000-0002-3207-5328 FU Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program of Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL); US Department of Energy [DE-AC05-00OR22725] FX This research was sponsored by the Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program of Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), managed by UT-Battelle, LLC for the US Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC05-00OR22725. This paper has been authored by employees of UT-Battelle, LLC, under Contract DE-AC05-00OR22725 with the US Department of Energy. Accordingly, the US Government retains and the publisher, by accepting the article for publication, acknowledges that the US Government retains a non-exclusive, paid-up, irrevocable, world-wide license to publish or reproduce the published form of this manuscript, or allow others to do so, for US Government purposes. NR 14 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 2 U2 24 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1361-9209 J9 TRANSPORT RES D-TR E JI Transport. Res. Part D-Transport. Environ. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 17 IS 7 BP 548 EP 554 DI 10.1016/j.trd.2012.05.011 PG 7 WC Environmental Studies; Transportation; Transportation Science & Technology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Transportation GA 013PY UT WOS:000309318500008 ER PT J AU Burr, T Croft, S Hamada, MS Vardeman, S Weaver, B AF Burr, Tom Croft, Stephen Hamada, Michael S. Vardeman, Stephen Weaver, Brian TI Rounding error effects in the presence of underlying measurement error SO ACCREDITATION AND QUALITY ASSURANCE LA English DT Article DE Bayesian methods; Effective random error variance; Instrument resolution; Item-specific bias; Likelihood ID MODELS AB A previous related paper considered rounding error effects in the presence of underlying measurement error and presented a Bayesian approach to estimate instrument input random error standard deviation. This addendum to the previous paper emphasizes that the effects of random error depend on the true (and usually unknown) value of the measurand, in terms of both the variance and the item-specific bias. However, it is shown that if we assume that the true values are uniformly distributed, then instrument variance and item-specific bias can be combined into an "effective random error variance" and a strategy to estimate the effective random error variance is provided. C1 [Burr, Tom; Croft, Stephen; Hamada, Michael S.; Weaver, Brian] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA. [Vardeman, Stephen] Iowa State Univ, Ames, IA USA. RP Burr, T (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA. EM tburr@lanl.gov FU Next Generation Safeguards Initiative of the National Nuclear Security Administration [NA24, NA22] FX This work was funded as part of the Next Generation Safeguards Initiative of the National Nuclear Security Administration (NA24) and NA22. NR 5 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 5 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0949-1775 J9 ACCREDIT QUAL ASSUR JI Accredit. Qual. Assur. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 17 IS 5 BP 485 EP 490 DI 10.1007/s00769-012-0902-6 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Chemistry; Instruments & Instrumentation GA 011OO UT WOS:000309174900002 ER PT J AU Pereira, JH Goh, EB Keasling, JD Beller, HR Adams, PD AF Pereira, Jose H. Goh, Ee-Been Keasling, Jay D. Beller, Harry R. Adams, Paul D. TI Structure of FabH and factors affecting the distribution of branched fatty acids in Micrococcus luteus SO ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION D-BIOLOGICAL CRYSTALLOGRAPHY LA English DT Article DE biofuels; ss-ketoacyl-ACP synthase III; iso- and anteiso-branched alkenes; microarray ID PROTEIN SYNTHASE-III; PEROXISOMAL 3-KETOACYL-COA THIOLASE; ANGSTROM CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; MYCOBACTERIUM-TUBERCULOSIS; SUBSTRATE-SPECIFICITY; SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE; BIOSYNTHESIS; ENZYME; INITIATION; MECHANISM AB Micrococcus luteus is a Gram-positive bacterium that produces iso- and anteiso-branched alkenes by the head-to-head condensation of fatty-acid thioesters [coenzyme A (CoA) or acyl carrier protein (ACP)]; this activity is of interest for the production of advanced biofuels. In an effort to better understand the control of the formation of branched fatty acids in M. luteus, the structure of FabH (MlFabH) was determined. FabH, or beta-ketoacyl-ACP synthase III, catalyzes the initial step of fatty-acid biosynthesis: the condensation of malonyl-ACP with an acyl-CoA. Analysis of the MlFabH structure provides insights into its substrate selectivity with regard to length and branching of the acyl-CoA. The most structurally divergent region of FabH is the L9 loop region located at the dimer interface, which is involved in the formation of the acyl-binding channel and thus limits the substrate-channel size. The residue Phe336, which is positioned near the catalytic triad, appears to play a major role in branched-substrate selectivity. In addition to structural studies of MlFabH, transcriptional studies of M. luteus were also performed, focusing on the increase in the ratio of anteiso:iso-branched alkenes that was observed during the transition from early to late stationary phase. Gene-expression microarray analysis identified two genes involved in leucine and isoleucine metabolism that may explain this transition. C1 [Pereira, Jose H.; Goh, Ee-Been; Keasling, Jay D.; Beller, Harry R.; Adams, Paul D.] Joint BioEnergy Inst, Emeryville, CA 94608 USA. [Pereira, Jose H.; Goh, Ee-Been; Keasling, Jay D.; Adams, Paul D.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Keasling, Jay D.; Adams, Paul D.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Bioengn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Beller, Harry R.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Adams, PD (reprint author), Joint BioEnergy Inst, Emeryville, CA 94608 USA. EM pdadams@lbl.gov RI Keasling, Jay/J-9162-2012; Beller, Harry/H-6973-2014; Adams, Paul/A-1977-2013 OI Keasling, Jay/0000-0003-4170-6088; Adams, Paul/0000-0001-9333-8219 FU US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; National Institutes of Health, National Institute of General Medical Sciences; Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences of the US Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX This work was part of the DOE Joint BioEnergy Institute (http://www.jbei.org) supported by the US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research through contract DE-AC02-05CH11231 between Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and the US Department of Energy. We are grateful to the staff of the Berkeley Center for Structural Biology at the Advanced Light Source of Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. The Berkeley Center for Structural Biology is supported in part by the National Institutes of Health, National Institute of General Medical Sciences. The Advanced Light Source is supported by the Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences of the US Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. NR 34 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 19 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0907-4449 J9 ACTA CRYSTALLOGR D JI Acta Crystallogr. Sect. D-Biol. Crystallogr. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 68 BP 1320 EP 1328 DI 10.1107/S0907444912028351 PN 10 PG 9 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Crystallography SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Crystallography GA 008CZ UT WOS:000308936200007 PM 22993086 ER PT J AU Halavaty, AS Kim, Y Minasov, G Shuvalova, L Dubrovska, I Winsor, J Zhou, M Onopriyenko, O Skarina, T Papazisi, L Kwon, K Peterson, SN Joachimiak, A Savchenko, A Anderson, WF AF Halavaty, Andrei S. Kim, Youngchang Minasov, George Shuvalova, Ludmilla Dubrovska, Ievgeniia Winsor, James Zhou, Min Onopriyenko, Olena Skarina, Tatiana Papazisi, Leka Kwon, Keehwan Peterson, Scott N. Joachimiak, Andrzej Savchenko, Alexei Anderson, Wayne F. TI Structural characterization and comparison of three acyl-carrier-protein synthases from pathogenic bacteria SO ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION D-BIOLOGICAL CRYSTALLOGRAPHY LA English DT Article DE acyl-carrier-protein synthase; acyl carrier protein; type II fatty-acid synthesis; inhibition; 3'; 5'-adenosine diphosphate; coenzyme A ID FATTY-ACID SYNTHASE; HUMAN-PAPILLOMAVIRUS TYPE-11; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; BACILLUS-SUBTILIS; PHOSPHOPANTETHEINYL TRANSFERASE; SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE; PROSTHETIC GROUP; 4'-PHOSPHOPANTETHEINYL TRANSFERASES; ANTIBIOTIC PROPERTIES AB Some bacterial type II fatty-acid synthesis (FAS II) enzymes have been shown to be important candidates for drug discovery. The scientific and medical quest for new FAS II protein targets continues to stimulate research in this field. One of the possible additional candidates is the acyl-carrier-protein synthase (AcpS) enzyme. Its holo form post-translationally modifies the apo form of an acyl carrier protein (ACP), which assures the constant delivery of thioester intermediates to the discrete enzymes of FAS II. At the Center for Structural Genomics of Infectious Diseases (CSGID), AcpSs from Staphylococcus aureus (AcpSSA), Vibrio cholerae (AcpSVC) and Bacillus anthracis (AcpSBA) have been structurally characterized in their apo, holo and product-bound forms, respectively. The structure of AcpSBA is emphasized because of the two 3',5'-adenosine diphosphate (3',5'-ADP) product molecules that are found in each of the three coenzyme A (CoA) binding sites of the trimeric protein. One 3',5'-ADP is bound as the 3',5'-ADP part of CoA in the known structures of the CoAAcpS and 3',5'-ADPAcpS binary complexes. The position of the second 3',5'-ADP has never been described before. It is in close proximity to the first 3',5'-ADP and the ACP-binding site. The coordination of two ADPs in AcpSBA may possibly be exploited for the design of AcpS inhibitors that can block binding of both CoA and ACP. C1 [Halavaty, Andrei S.; Minasov, George; Shuvalova, Ludmilla; Dubrovska, Ievgeniia; Winsor, James; Anderson, Wayne F.] Northwestern Univ, Feinberg Sch Med, Dept Mol Pharmacol & Biol Chem, Chicago, IL 60611 USA. [Kim, Youngchang; Zhou, Min; Joachimiak, Andrzej] Argonne Natl Lab, Struct Biol Ctr, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Kim, Youngchang; Zhou, Min; Joachimiak, Andrzej] Univ Chicago, Computat Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Onopriyenko, Olena; Skarina, Tatiana; Savchenko, Alexei] Univ Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1L6, Canada. [Papazisi, Leka; Kwon, Keehwan; Peterson, Scott N.] J Craig Venter Inst, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. EM wf-anderson@northwestern.edu OI Winsor, James/0000-0002-9673-4839; Minasov, George/0000-0001-5460-3462 FU Michigan Economic Development Corporation; Michigan Technology Tri-Corridor [085P1000817]; US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Department of Health and Human Services [HHSN272200700058C] FX We acknowledge the staff of the Life Sciences Collaborative Access Team beamline 21ID-F [use of the LS-CAT Sector 21 was supported by the Michigan Economic Development Corporation and the Michigan Technology Tri-Corridor for the support of this research program (Grant 085P1000817)] and the Structural Biology Center beamline 19-ID at the Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory for their help during diffraction data collection. Use of the Advanced Photon Source was supported by the US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. The CSGID project has been funded in whole or in part with Federal funds from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Department of Health and Human Services under Contract No. HHSN272200700058C (to WFA). NR 81 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 7 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0907-4449 J9 ACTA CRYSTALLOGR D JI Acta Crystallogr. Sect. D-Biol. Crystallogr. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 68 BP 1359 EP 1370 DI 10.1107/S0907444912029101 PN 10 PG 12 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Crystallography SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Crystallography GA 008CZ UT WOS:000308936200011 PM 22993090 ER PT J AU Liebschner, D Dauter, M Rosenbaum, G Dauter, Z AF Liebschner, Dorothee Dauter, Miroslawa Rosenbaum, Gerold Dauter, Zbigniew TI How good can our beamlines be? SO ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION D-BIOLOGICAL CRYSTALLOGRAPHY LA English DT Article DE diffraction data precision; signal-to-noise ratio; measurement uncertainty; beamline performance ID DIFFRACTION DATA; RADIATION; CRYSTALS; ERRORS AB The accuracy of X-ray diffraction data depends on the properties of the crystalline sample and on the performance of the data-collection facility (synchrotron beamline elements, goniostat, detector etc.). However, it is difficult to evaluate the level of performance of the experimental setup from the quality of data sets collected in rotation mode, as various crystal properties such as mosaicity, non-uniformity and radiation damage affect the measured intensities. A multiple-image experiment, in which several analogous diffraction frames are recorded consecutively at the same crystal orientation, allows minimization of the influence of the sample properties. A series of 100 diffraction images of a thaumatin crystal were measured on the SBC beamline 19BM at the APS (Argonne National Laboratory). The obtained data were analyzed in the context of the performance of the data-collection facility. An objective way to estimate the uncertainties of individual reflections was achieved by analyzing the behavior of reflection intensities in the series of analogous diffraction images. The multiple-image experiment is found to be a simple and adequate method to decompose the random errors from the systematic errors in the data, which helps in judging the performance of a data-collection facility. In particular, displaying the intensity as a function of the frame number allows evaluation of the stability of the beam, the beamline elements and the detector with minimal influence of the crystal properties. Such an experiment permits evaluation of the highest possible data quality potentially achievable at the particular beamline. C1 [Rosenbaum, Gerold] Univ Georgia, Dept Biochem, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Rosenbaum, Gerold] Argonne Natl Lab, Struct Biol Ctr, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Dauter, Miroslawa] SAIC Frederick Inc, Argonne Natl Lab, Basic Res Program, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Liebschner, Dorothee; Dauter, Zbigniew] NCI, Synchrotron Radiat Res Sect, MCL, Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Rosenbaum, G (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Dept Biochem, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM rosenbaum@anl.gov; dauter@anl.gov FU National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health [NO1-CO-12400]; NIH, National Cancer Institute, Center for Cancer Research; Department of Energy, Office of Biological and Environmental Research [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [W-31-109-Eng-38] FX This work was supported in part by Federal funds from the National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health contract No. NO1-CO-12400 and the Intramural Research Program of the NIH, National Cancer Institute, Center for Cancer Research. The content of this publication does not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the Department of Health and Human Services, nor does the mention of trade names, commercial products or organizations imply endorsement by the US Government. Diffraction data were collected on beamline 19-BM of the Structural Biology Center at the Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory operated under contract DE-AC02-06CH11357 of the Department of Energy, Office of Biological and Environmental Research. Use of the Advanced Photon Source was supported by the US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences under Contract No. W-31-109-Eng-38. NR 11 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0907-4449 J9 ACTA CRYSTALLOGR D JI Acta Crystallogr. Sect. D-Biol. Crystallogr. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 68 BP 1430 EP 1436 DI 10.1107/S0907444912034658 PN 10 PG 7 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Crystallography SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Crystallography GA 008CZ UT WOS:000308936200018 PM 22993097 ER PT J AU Richards, GD Jabbour, RS Horton, CF Ibarra, CL MacDowell, AA AF Richards, Gary D. Jabbour, Rebecca S. Horton, Caroline F. Ibarra, Caitlin L. MacDowell, Alastair A. TI Color changes in modern and fossil teeth induced by synchrotron microtomography SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL ANTHROPOLOGY LA English DT Article DE synchrotron damage; tooth taphonomy; dental enamel; color centers; DNA ionization ID X-RAY-DIFFRACTION; RADIATION-DAMAGE; PROTEIN CRYSTALS; DENTAL ENAMEL; MACROMOLECULAR CRYSTALS; DNA; TOMOGRAPHY; CENTERS; THICKNESS; GLASSES AB Studies using synchrotron microtomography have shown that this radiographic imaging technique provides highly informative microanatomical data from modern and fossil bones and teeth without the need for physical sectioning. The method is considered to be nondestructive; however, researchers using the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility have reported that color changes sometimes occur in teeth during submicron scanning. Using the Advanced Light Source, we tested for color changes during micron-level scanning and for postexposure effects of ultraviolet light. We exposed a 2.0-mm wide strip (band) to synchrotron light in 32 specimens, using multiple energy levels and scan durations. The sample included modern and fossilized teeth and bone. After scanning, the specimens were exposed to fluorescent and direct ultraviolet light. All teeth showed color changes caused by exposure to synchrotron radiation. The resulting color bands varied in intensity but were present even at the lowest energy and shortest duration of exposure. Color bands faded during subsequent exposure to fluorescent and ultraviolet light, but even after extensive ultraviolet exposure, 67% (8/12) of UV-exposed teeth retained some degree of induced color. We found that the hydroxyapatite crystals, rather than the organic component, are the targets of change, and that diagenesis appears to impact color retention. Color changes have significance beyond aesthetics. They are visible indicators of ionization (chemical change) and, therefore, of potential physical damage. It is important for researchers to recognize that synchrotron microtomography may damage specimens, but adopting suitable safeguards and procedures may moderate or eliminate this damage. Am J Phys Anthropol 149:172180, 2012. (c) Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 [Richards, Gary D.] Univ Pacific, Dept Biomed Sci, AA Dugoni Sch Dent, San Francisco, CA 94115 USA. [Jabbour, Rebecca S.] St Marys Coll Calif, Dept Biol, Moraga, CA 94575 USA. [Horton, Caroline F.] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Anthropol, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Ibarra, Caitlin L.] Calif State Univ E Bay, Dept Anthropol, Hayward, CA 94542 USA. [MacDowell, Alastair A.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Adv Light Source, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Richards, GD (reprint author), Univ Pacific, Dept Integrat Biomed Sci, AA Dugoni Sch Dent, San Francisco, CA 94115 USA. EM grichard@berkeley.edu RI MacDowell, Alastair/K-4211-2012 FU Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720 [ALS-03174]; University of the Pacific, San Francisco, CA 94115 [03-Activity-059]; Undergraduate Student Opportunity Fund, University of California, Berkeley, CA [85221, 85177]; Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX Grant sponsor: Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720; Grant number: ALS-03174; Grant sponsor: A. A. Dugoni School of Dentistry, University of the Pacific, San Francisco, CA 94115; Grant number: 03-Activity-059; Grant sponsor: Undergraduate Student Opportunity Fund, University of California, Berkeley, CA; Grant numbers: 85221, 85177.; The authors are greatly indebted to the Directors of the Advanced Light Source (ALS), Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, for providing beamline access. The Advanced Light Source is supported by the Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the U. S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. For the loan of some specimens used in this study, the authors thank Dr. Dorothy Dechant, Institute for Craniofacial Study and Dental History, and Dr. Dorothy Burk, Department of Biomedical Sciences, both of the University of the Pacific, A. A. Dugoni School of Dentistry, San Francisco, CA. For research space and loan of some specimens we thank the Human Evolution Research Center, University of California, Berkeley. They also thank Eric Schaible, James Nasiatka, and Dula Parkinson (ALS) for their help with the technical aspects of imaging. This article benefited greatly from discussions with and/or comments from Ben Mersey, Josh Carlson, Dr. Henry Gilbert, and five anonymous reviewers. NR 69 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 10 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0002-9483 J9 AM J PHYS ANTHROPOL JI Am. J. Phys. Anthropol. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 149 IS 2 BP 172 EP 180 DI 10.1002/ajpa.22103 PG 9 WC Anthropology; Evolutionary Biology SC Anthropology; Evolutionary Biology GA 007HJ UT WOS:000308879100003 PM 22729785 ER PT J AU Tringe, JW Levie, HW McCall, SK Teslich, NE Wall, MA Orme, CA Matthews, MJ AF Tringe, Joseph W. Levie, Harold W. McCall, Scott K. Teslich, Nick E. Wall, Mark A. Orme, Christine A. Matthews, Manyalibo J. TI Enhanced Raman scattering and nonlinear conductivity in Ag-doped hollow ZnO microspheres SO APPLIED PHYSICS A-MATERIALS SCIENCE & PROCESSING LA English DT Article ID OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; NANOSPHERE SURFACES; FILM; SPECTROSCOPY; PHOTOLUMINESCENCE; NANOSTRUCTURE; NANOPARTICLES; STABILITY; SILICON; OXIDES AB Hollow spherical ZnO particles doped with Ag were synthesized with a two-step oxidation and sublimation furnace annealing process. Ag nanoparticle precipitates, as observed by transmission electron microscopy, were present in the polycrystalline ZnO matrix at Ag concentrations below 0.02 mol%, significantly below the 0.8 mol% solubility limit for Ag in ZnO. Enhanced Raman scattering of ZnO phonon modes is observed, increasing with Ag nanoparticle concentration. A further enhancement in Raman scattering due to resonance effects was observed for LO phonons excited by 2.33-eV photons as compared with Raman scattering under 1.96-eV excitation. Room-temperature photoluminescence spectra showed both a near-band-edge emission due to free exciton transitions and a mid-gap transition due to the presence of singly ionized oxygen vacancies. ZnO:Ag particles were measured electrically in a packed column and in monolithic form, and in both cases displayed nonlinear current-voltage characteristics similar to those previously observed in sintered ZnO:Ag monoliths where Ag-enhanced disorder at grain boundaries is thought to control current transport. We demonstrate therefore that Ag simultaneously modifies the electrical and optical properties of ZnO particles through the introduction of vacancies and other defects. C1 [Tringe, Joseph W.; Levie, Harold W.; McCall, Scott K.; Teslich, Nick E.; Wall, Mark A.; Orme, Christine A.; Matthews, Manyalibo J.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Tringe, JW (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, 7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM tringe2@llnl.gov RI Orme, Christine/A-4109-2009; McCall, Scott/G-1733-2014 OI McCall, Scott/0000-0002-7979-4944 FU U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344] FX This work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. NR 36 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 67 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0947-8396 J9 APPL PHYS A-MATER JI Appl. Phys. A-Mater. Sci. Process. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 109 IS 1 BP 15 EP 23 DI 10.1007/s00339-012-7053-9 PG 9 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA 012GQ UT WOS:000309224600003 ER PT J AU Ak, NF Brandt, WN Hall, PB Schneider, DP Anderson, SF Gibson, RR Lundgren, BF Myers, AD Petitjean, P Ross, NP Shen, Y York, DG Bizyaev, D Brinkmann, J Malanushenko, E Oravetz, DJ Pan, K Simmons, AE Weaver, BA AF Ak, N. Filiz Brandt, W. N. Hall, P. B. Schneider, D. P. Anderson, S. F. Gibson, R. R. Lundgren, B. F. Myers, A. D. Petitjean, P. Ross, Nicholas P. Shen, Yue York, D. G. Bizyaev, D. Brinkmann, J. Malanushenko, E. Oravetz, D. J. Pan, K. Simmons, A. E. Weaver, B. A. TI BROAD ABSORPTION LINE DISAPPEARANCE ON MULTI-YEAR TIMESCALES IN A LARGE QUASAR SAMPLE SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE quasars: absorption lines ID DIGITAL SKY SURVEY; ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; DATA RELEASE; SDSS-III; STELLAR OBJECTS; MILKY-WAY; SI IV; C IV; OUTFLOWS; VARIABILITY AB We present 21 examples of CIV broad absorption line (BAL) trough disappearance in 19 quasars selected from systematic multi-epoch observations of 582 bright BAL quasars (1.9 < z < 4.5) by the Sloan Digital Sky Survey-I/II (SDSS-I/II) and SDSS-III. The observations span 1.1-3.9 yr rest-frame timescales, longer than have been sampled in many previous BAL variability studies. On these timescales, approximate to 2.3% of C iv BAL troughs disappear and approximate to 3.3% of BAL quasars show a disappearing trough. These observed frequencies suggest that many CIV BAL absorbers spend on average at most a century along our line of sight to their quasar. Ten of the 19 BAL quasars showing C iv BAL disappearance have apparently transformed from BAL to non-BAL quasars; these are the first reported examples of such transformations. The BAL troughs that disappear tend to be those with small-to-moderate equivalent widths, relatively shallow depths, and high outflow velocities. Other non-disappearing CIV BALs in those nine objects having multiple troughs tend to weaken when one of them disappears, indicating a connection between the disappearing and non-disappearing troughs, even for velocity separations as large as 10,000-15,000 km s(-1). We discuss possible origins of this connection including disk-wind rotation and changes in shielding gas. C1 [Ak, N. Filiz; Brandt, W. N.; Schneider, D. P.] Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Ak, N. Filiz; Brandt, W. N.; Schneider, D. P.] Penn State Univ, Inst Gravitat & Cosmos, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Ak, N. Filiz] Erciyes Univ, Dept Astron & Space Sci, Fac Sci, TR-38039 Kayseri, Turkey. [Hall, P. B.] York Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada. [Anderson, S. F.; Gibson, R. R.] Univ Washington, Dept Astron, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Lundgren, B. F.] Yale Univ, Dept Phys, New Haven, CT 06511 USA. [Myers, A. D.] Univ Wyoming, Dept Phys & Astron, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. [Petitjean, P.] Univ Paris 06, Inst Astrophys Paris, F-75014 Paris, France. [Ross, Nicholas P.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 92420 USA. [Shen, Yue] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [York, D. G.] Univ Chicago, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [York, D. G.] Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Bizyaev, D.; Brinkmann, J.; Malanushenko, E.; Oravetz, D. J.; Pan, K.; Simmons, A. E.] Apache Point Observ, Sunspot, NM 88349 USA. [Weaver, B. A.] NYU, Ctr Cosmol & Particle Phys, New York, NY 10003 USA. RP Ak, NF (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, 525 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. EM nfilizak@astro.psu.edu RI Filiz Ak, Nurten/C-9686-2015; Brandt, William/N-2844-2015 OI Filiz Ak, Nurten/0000-0003-3016-5490; Brandt, William/0000-0002-0167-2453 FU National Science Foundation [AST-1108604]; NSERC; Alfred P. Sloan Foundation; University of Arizona; Brazilian Participation Group; Brookhaven National Laboratory; University of Cambridge; Carnegie Mellon University; University of Florida; French Participation Group; German Participation Group; Harvard University; Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias; Michigan State/Notre Dame/JINA Participation Group; Johns Hopkins University; Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; Max Planck Institute for Astrophysics; Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics; New Mexico State University; New York University; Ohio State University; Pennsylvania State University; University of Portsmouth; Princeton University; Spanish Participation Group; University of Tokyo; University of Utah; Vanderbilt University; University of Virginia; University of Washington; Yale University; U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science FX We gratefully acknowledge financial support from National Science Foundation Grant AST-1108604 (NFA, WNB, DPS) and from NSERC (PBH). We thank D. M. Capellupo and F. Hamann for sharing their EW measurements for the Capellupo et al. (2011) sample in Figure 1. We thank K. Dawson, M. Eracleous, D. Proga, and J. Wu for helpful discussions. We also thank the anonymous referee for useful feedback.; Funding for SDSS-III has been provided by the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, the Participating Institutions, the National Science Foundation, and the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science. The SDSS-III Web site is http://www.sdss3.org/.; SDSS-III is managed by the Astrophysical Research Consortium for the Participating Institutions of the SDSS-III Collaboration including the University of Arizona, the Brazilian Participation Group, Brookhaven National Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Carnegie Mellon University, University of Florida, the French Participation Group, the German Participation Group, Harvard University, the Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias, the Michigan State/Notre Dame/JINA Participation Group, Johns Hopkins University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max Planck Institute for Astrophysics, Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, New Mexico State University, New York University, Ohio State University, Pennsylvania State University, University of Portsmouth, Princeton University, the Spanish Participation Group, University of Tokyo, University of Utah, Vanderbilt University, University of Virginia, University of Washington, and Yale University. NR 59 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 9 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD OCT 1 PY 2012 VL 757 IS 2 AR 114 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/757/2/114 PG 19 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 010QF UT WOS:000309108500007 ER PT J AU Arlen, T Aune, T Beilicke, M Benbow, W Bouvier, A Buckley, JH Bugaev, V Byrum, K Cannon, A Cesarini, A Ciupik, L Collins-Hughes, E Connolly, MP Cui, W Dickherber, R Dumm, J Falcone, A Federici, S Feng, Q Finley, JP Finnegan, G Fortson, L Furniss, A Galante, N Gall, D Godambe, S Griffin, S Grube, J Gyuk, G Holder, J Huan, H Hughes, G Humensky, TB Imran, A Kaaret, P Karlsson, N Kertzman, M Khassen, Y Kieda, D Krawczynski, H Krennrich, F Lee, K Madhavan, AS Maier, G Majumdar, P McArthur, S McCann, A Moriarty, P Mukherjee, R Nelson, T de Bhroithe, AO Ong, RA Orr, M Otte, AN Park, N Perkins, JS Pohl, M Prokoph, H Quinn, J Ragan, K Reyes, LC Reynolds, PT Roache, E Ruppel, J Saxon, DB Schroedter, M Sembroski, GH Skole, C Smith, AW Telezhinsky, I Tesic, G Theiling, M Thibadeau, S Tsurusaki, K Varlotta, A Vivier, M Wakely, SP Ward, JE Weinstein, A Welsing, R Williams, DA Zitzer, B Pfrommer, C Pinzke, A AF Arlen, T. Aune, T. Beilicke, M. Benbow, W. Bouvier, A. Buckley, J. H. Bugaev, V. Byrum, K. Cannon, A. Cesarini, A. Ciupik, L. Collins-Hughes, E. Connolly, M. P. Cui, W. Dickherber, R. Dumm, J. Falcone, A. Federici, S. Feng, Q. Finley, J. P. Finnegan, G. Fortson, L. Furniss, A. Galante, N. Gall, D. Godambe, S. Griffin, S. Grube, J. Gyuk, G. Holder, J. Huan, H. Hughes, G. Humensky, T. B. Imran, A. Kaaret, P. Karlsson, N. Kertzman, M. Khassen, Y. Kieda, D. Krawczynski, H. Krennrich, F. Lee, K. Madhavan, A. S. Maier, G. Majumdar, P. McArthur, S. McCann, A. Moriarty, P. Mukherjee, R. Nelson, T. de Bhroithe, A. O'Faolain Ong, R. A. Orr, M. Otte, A. N. Park, N. Perkins, J. S. Pohl, M. Prokoph, H. Quinn, J. Ragan, K. Reyes, L. C. Reynolds, P. T. Roache, E. Ruppel, J. Saxon, D. B. Schroedter, M. Sembroski, G. H. Skole, C. Smith, A. W. Telezhinsky, I. Tesic, G. Theiling, M. Thibadeau, S. Tsurusaki, K. Varlotta, A. Vivier, M. Wakely, S. P. Ward, J. E. Weinstein, A. Welsing, R. Williams, D. A. Zitzer, B. Pfrommer, C. Pinzke, A. TI CONSTRAINTS ON COSMIC RAYS, MAGNETIC FIELDS, AND DARK MATTER FROM GAMMA-RAY OBSERVATIONS OF THE COMA CLUSTER OF GALAXIES WITH VERITAS AND FERMI SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE cosmic rays; dark matter; galaxies: clusters: general; galaxies: clusters: individual (Coma (ACO 1656)); gamma rays: galaxies: clusters; magnetic fields ID LARGE-SCALE STRUCTURE; ATMOSPHERIC CHERENKOV TELESCOPES; DIFFUSE RADIO-EMISSION; ALL-SKY SURVEY; X-RAY; UPPER LIMITS; SHOCK-WAVES; NONTHERMAL EMISSION; GALACTIC-CENTER; SOURCE CATALOG AB Observations of radio halos and relics in galaxy clusters indicate efficient electron acceleration. Protons should likewise be accelerated and, on account of weak energy losses, can accumulate, suggesting that clusters may also be sources of very high energy (VHE; E > 100 GeV) gamma-ray emission. We report here on VHE gamma-ray observations of the Coma galaxy cluster with the VERITAS array of imaging Cerenkov telescopes, with complementing Fermi Large Area Telescope observations at GeV energies. No significant gamma-ray emission from the Coma Cluster was detected. Integral flux upper limits at the 99% confidence level were measured to be on the order of (2-5) x 10(-8) photonsm(-2) s(-1) (VERITAS, >220 GeV) and similar to 2 x 10(-6) photonsm(-2) s(-1) (Fermi, 1-3GeV), respectively. We use the gamma-ray upper limits to constrain cosmic rays (CRs) and magnetic fields in Coma. Using an analytical approach, the CR-to-thermal pressure ratio is constrained to be < 16% from VERITAS data and <1.7% from Fermi data (averaged within the virial radius). These upper limits are starting to constrain the CR physics in self-consistent cosmological cluster simulations and cap the maximum CR acceleration efficiency at structure formation shocks to be <50%. Alternatively, this may argue for non-negligible CR transport processes such as CR streaming and diffusion into the outer cluster regions. Assuming that the radio-emitting electrons of the Coma halo result from hadronic CR interactions, the observations imply a lower limit on the central magnetic field in Coma of similar to(2-5.5) mu G, depending on the radial magnetic field profile and on the gamma-ray spectral index. Since these values are below those inferred by Faraday rotation measurements in Coma (for most of the parameter space), this renders the hadronic model a very plausible explanation of the Coma radio halo. Finally, since galaxy clusters are dark matter (DM) dominated, the VERITAS upper limits have been used to place constraints on the thermally averaged product of the total self-annihilation cross section and the relative velocity of the DM particles, . C1 [Arlen, T.; Majumdar, P.; Ong, R. A.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Phys & Astron, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Aune, T.; Bouvier, A.; Furniss, A.; Williams, D. A.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz Inst Particle Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Aune, T.; Bouvier, A.; Furniss, A.; Williams, D. A.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Beilicke, M.; Buckley, J. H.; Bugaev, V.; Dickherber, R.; Krawczynski, H.; Lee, K.; McArthur, S.; Thibadeau, S.; Ward, J. E.] Washington Univ, Dept Phys, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. [Benbow, W.; Galante, N.; Roache, E.; Schroedter, M.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Fred Lawrence Whipple Observ, Amado, AZ 85645 USA. [Byrum, K.; Zitzer, B.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Cannon, A.; Collins-Hughes, E.; Khassen, Y.; de Bhroithe, A. O'Faolain; Quinn, J.] Univ Coll Dublin, Sch Phys, Dublin 4, Ireland. [Cesarini, A.; Connolly, M. P.] Natl Univ Ireland Galway, Sch Phys, Galway, Ireland. [Ciupik, L.; Grube, J.; Gyuk, G.] Adler Planetarium & Astron Museum, Dept Astron, Chicago, IL 60605 USA. [Cui, W.; Feng, Q.; Finley, J. P.; Sembroski, G. H.; Theiling, M.; Varlotta, A.] Purdue Univ, Dept Phys, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Dumm, J.; Fortson, L.; Karlsson, N.; Nelson, T.] Univ Minnesota, Sch Phys & Astron, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Falcone, A.] Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Davey Lab 525, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Federici, S.; Hughes, G.; Maier, G.; Pohl, M.; Prokoph, H.; Ruppel, J.; Skole, C.; Telezhinsky, I.; Welsing, R.] DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany. [Federici, S.; Pohl, M.; Ruppel, J.; Telezhinsky, I.] Univ Potsdam, Inst Phys & Astron, D-14476 Potsdam, Germany. [Finnegan, G.; Godambe, S.; Kieda, D.; Smith, A. W.] Univ Utah, Dept Phys & Astron, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. [Gall, D.; Kaaret, P.; Tsurusaki, K.] Univ Iowa, Dept Phys & Astron, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. [Griffin, S.; McCann, A.; Ragan, K.; Tesic, G.] McGill Univ, Dept Phys, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada. [Holder, J.; Saxon, D. B.; Vivier, M.] Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA. [Holder, J.; Saxon, D. B.; Vivier, M.] Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA. [Huan, H.; Park, N.; Wakely, S. P.] Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Humensky, T. B.] Columbia Univ, Dept Phys, New York, NY 10027 USA. [Imran, A.; Krennrich, F.; Madhavan, A. S.; Orr, M.; Weinstein, A.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Kertzman, M.] Depauw Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Greencastle, IN 46135 USA. [Moriarty, P.] Galway Mayo Inst Technol, Dept Life & Phys Sci, Galway, Ireland. [Mukherjee, R.] Columbia Univ Barnard Coll, Dept Phys & Astron, New York, NY 10027 USA. [Otte, A. N.] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Phys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Otte, A. N.] Georgia Inst Technol, Ctr Relativist Astrophys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Perkins, J. S.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, CRESST, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Perkins, J. S.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Astroparticle Phys Lab, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Perkins, J. S.] Univ Maryland, Ctr Space Sci & Technol, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. [Reyes, L. C.] Calif Polytech State Univ San Luis Obispo, Dept Phys, San Luis Obispo, CA 94307 USA. [Reynolds, P. T.] Cork Inst Technol, Dept Appl Phys & Instrumentat, Cork, Ireland. [Pfrommer, C.] Heidelberg Inst Theoret Studies, D-69118 Heidelberg, Germany. [Pinzke, A.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Phys, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. RP Arlen, T (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Phys & Astron, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. EM pohlmadq@gmail.com; christoph.pfrommer@h-its.org RI Khassen, Yerbol/I-3806-2015; OI Khassen, Yerbol/0000-0002-7296-3100; Cui, Wei/0000-0002-6324-5772; Cesarini, Andrea/0000-0002-8611-8610; Ward, John E/0000-0003-1973-0794 FU U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science; U.S. National Science Foundation; Smithsonian Institution; NSERC in Canada; Science Foundation Ireland [SFI 10/RFP/AST2748]; STFC in the U.K; National Aeronautics and Space Administration; Department of Energy in the United States; Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique/Institut National de Physique Nucleaire et de Physique des Particules in France; Agenzia Spaziale Italiana; Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare in Italy; Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT); High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK); Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) in Japan; K. A. Wallenberg Foundation; Swedish Research Council; Swedish National Space Board in Sweden; Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica in Italy; Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales in France; Klaus Tschira Foundation; NSF [AST-0908480] FX This research is supported by grants from the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science, the U.S. National Science Foundation, and the Smithsonian Institution, by NSERC in Canada, by Science Foundation Ireland (SFI 10/RFP/AST2748), and by STFC in the U.K. We acknowledge the excellent work of the technical support staff at the Fred Lawrence Whipple Observatory and at the collaborating institutions in the construction and operation of the instrument.; The Fermi-LAT Collaboration acknowledges generous ongoing support from a number of agencies and institutes that have supported both the development and the operation of the LAT, as well as scientific data analysis. These include the National Aeronautics and Space Administration and the Department of Energy in the United States, the Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique and the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique/Institut National de Physique Nucleaire et de Physique des Particules in France, the Agenzia Spaziale Italiana and the Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare in Italy, the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT), High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), and Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) in Japan, and the K. A. Wallenberg Foundation, the Swedish Research Council, and the Swedish National Space Board in Sweden.; Additional support for science analysis during the operation phase is gratefully acknowledged from the Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica in Italy and the Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales in France.; C. P. gratefully acknowledges financial support of the Klaus Tschira Foundation. A. P. acknowledges NSF grant AST-0908480 for support. NR 97 TC 43 Z9 43 U1 0 U2 9 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD OCT 1 PY 2012 VL 757 IS 2 AR 123 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/757/2/123 PG 14 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 010QF UT WOS:000309108500016 ER PT J AU Berry, M Ivezic, Z Sesar, B Juric, M Schlafly, EF Bellovary, J Finkbeiner, D Vrbanec, D Beers, TC Brooks, KJ Schneider, DP Gibson, RR Kimball, A Jones, L Yoachim, P Krughoff, S Connolly, AJ Loebman, S Bond, NA Schlegel, D Dalcanton, J Yanny, B Majewski, SR Knapp, GR Gunn, JE Smith, JA Fukugita, M Kent, S Barentine, J Krzesinski, J Long, D AF Berry, Michael Ivezic, Zeljko Sesar, Branimir Juric, Mario Schlafly, Edward F. Bellovary, Jillian Finkbeiner, Douglas Vrbanec, Dijana Beers, Timothy C. Brooks, Keira J. Schneider, Donald P. Gibson, Robert R. Kimball, Amy Jones, Lynne Yoachim, Peter Krughoff, Simon Connolly, Andrew J. Loebman, Sarah Bond, Nicholas A. Schlegel, David Dalcanton, Julianne Yanny, Brian Majewski, Steven R. Knapp, Gillian R. Gunn, James E. Smith, J. Allyn Fukugita, Masataka Kent, Steve Barentine, John Krzesinski, Jurek Long, Dan TI THE MILKY WAY TOMOGRAPHY WITH SLOAN DIGITAL SKY SURVEY. IV. DISSECTING DUST SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE catalogs; dust; extinction; stars: statistics; surveys ID SURVEY PHOTOMETRIC SYSTEM; INTERSTELLAR EXTINCTION; STELLAR LOCUS; ULTRAVIOLET EXTINCTION; GALACTIC EXTINCTION; WHITE-DWARFS; DATA RELEASE; PAN-STARRS; SDSS; GALAXY AB We use Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) photometry of 73 million stars to simultaneously constrain best-fit main-sequence stellar spectral energy distribution (SED) and amount of dust extinction along the line of sight toward each star. Using a subsample of 23 million stars with Two Micron All Sky Survey (2MASS) photometry, whose addition enables more robust results, we show that SDSS photometry alone is sufficient to break degeneracies between intrinsic stellar color and dust amount when the shape of extinction curve is fixed. When using both SDSS and 2MASS photometry, the ratio of the total to selective absorption, R-V, can be determined with an uncertainty of about 0.1 for most stars in high-extinction regions. These fits enable detailed studies of the dust properties and its spatial distribution, and of the stellar spatial distribution at low Galactic latitudes (vertical bar b vertical bar < 30 degrees). Our results are in good agreement with the extinction normalization given by the Schlegel et al. (SFD) dust maps at high northern Galactic latitudes, but indicate that the SFD extinction map appears to be consistently overestimated by about 20% in the southern sky, in agreement with recent study by Schlafly et al. The constraints on the shape of the dust extinction curve across the SDSS and 2MASS bandpasses disfavor the reddening law of O'Donnell, but support the models by Fitzpatrick and Cardelli et al. For the latter, we find a ratio of the total to selective absorption to be R-V = 3.0 +/- 0.1(random)+/- 0.1 (systematic) over most of the high-latitude sky. At low Galactic latitudes (vertical bar b vertical bar < 5 degrees), we demonstrate that the SFD map cannot be reliably used to correct for extinction because most stars are embedded in dust, rather than behind it, as is the case at high Galactic latitudes. We analyze three-dimensional maps of the best-fit R-V and find that R-V = 3.1 cannot be ruled out in any of the 10 SEGUE stripes at a precision level of similar to 0.1-0.2. Our best estimate for the intrinsic scatter of R-V in the regions probed by SEGUE stripes is similar to 0.2. We introduce a method for efficient selection of candidate red giant stars in the disk, dubbed "dusty parallax relation," which utilizes a correlation between distance and the extinction along the line of sight. We make these best-fit parameters, as well as all the input SDSS and 2MASS data, publicly available in a user-friendly format. These data can be used for studies of stellar number density distribution, the distribution of dust properties, for selecting sources whose SED differs from SEDs for high-latitude main-sequence stars, and for estimating distances to dust clouds and, in turn, to molecular gas clouds. C1 [Berry, Michael; Ivezic, Zeljko; Brooks, Keira J.; Gibson, Robert R.; Jones, Lynne; Yoachim, Peter; Krughoff, Simon; Connolly, Andrew J.; Loebman, Sarah; Dalcanton, Julianne] Univ Washington, Dept Astron, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Berry, Michael; Bond, Nicholas A.] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. [Sesar, Branimir] CALTECH, Div Phys Math & Astron, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Juric, Mario] Harvard Coll Observ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Schlafly, Edward F.; Finkbeiner, Douglas] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Bellovary, Jillian] Univ Michigan, Dept Astron, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Vrbanec, Dijana] Univ Zagreb, Fac Sci, Dept Phys, Zagreb 10000, Croatia. [Beers, Timothy C.] Natl Opt Astron Observ, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. [Beers, Timothy C.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Beers, Timothy C.] Michigan State Univ, JINA, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Schneider, Donald P.] Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Kimball, Amy] Natl Radio Astron Observ, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA. [Schlegel, David] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Yanny, Brian; Kent, Steve] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. [Majewski, Steven R.] Univ Virginia, Dept Astron, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA. [Knapp, Gillian R.; Gunn, James E.] Princeton Univ Observ, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Smith, J. Allyn] Austin Peay State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Clarksville, TN 37044 USA. [Fukugita, Masataka] Univ Tokyo, Inst Cosm Ray Res, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan. [Barentine, John; Krzesinski, Jurek; Long, Dan] Apache Point Observ, Sunspot, NM 88349 USA. RP Berry, M (reprint author), Univ Washington, Dept Astron, Box 351580, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. OI Bellovary, Jillian/0000-0001-7596-8372; Yoachim, Peter/0000-0003-2874-6464; Schlafly, Edward Ford/0000-0002-3569-7421 FU NSF [AST-615991, AST-0707901, AST-0551161, PHY05-51164]; Croatian National Science Foundation [O-1548-2009]; NASA [NNX10AD69G]; Office of Science, Office of High Energy Physics, of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; Physics Frontier Center/Joint Institute for Nuclear Astrophysics (JINA) [PHY 08-22648]; United States Department of Energy [DE-AC02-07CH11359]; Alfred P. Sloan Foundation; U.S. Department of Energy; National Aeronautics and Space Administration; Japanese Monbukagakusho; Max Planck Society; Higher Education Funding Council for England; American Museum of Natural History; Astrophysical Institute Potsdam; University of Basel; University of Cambridge; Case Western Reserve University; University of Chicago; Drexel University; Fermilab; Institute for Advanced Study; Japan Participation Group; Johns Hopkins University; Joint Institute for Nuclear Astrophysics; Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology; Korean Scientist Group; Chinese Academy of Sciences (LAMOST); Los Alamos National Laboratory; Max-Planck-Institute for Astronomy (MPIA); Max-PlanckInstitute for Astrophysics (MPA); New Mexico State University; Ohio State University; University of Pittsburgh; University of Portsmouth; Princeton University; United States Naval Observatory; University of Washington FX Z. Ivezic and B. Sesar acknowledge support by NSF grants AST-615991 and AST-0707901, and by NSF grant AST-0551161 to LSST for design and development activity.. Z. Ivezic thanks the University of Zagreb, where a portion of this work was completed, for its hospitality, and acknowledges support by the Croatian National Science Foundation grant O-1548-2009. M. Berry,. Z. Ivezic, and B. Sesar acknowledge hospi-tality by the Institute for Astronomy, University of Hawaii. D. Finkbeiner and E. Schlafly acknowledge the support of NASA grant NNX10AD69G. This work was supported by the Director, Office of Science, Office of High Energy Physics, of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. T.C. Beers acknowledges partial support from PHY 08-22648: Physics Frontier Center/Joint Institute for Nuclear Astrophysics (JINA), awarded by the U.S. National Science Foundation. We acknowledge the hospitality of the KITP at the University of California, Santa Barbara, where part of this work was completed (supported by NSF grant PHY05-51164). Fermilab is operated by Fermi Research Alliance, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC02-07CH11359 with the United States Department of Energy.; Funding for the SDSS and SDSS-II has been provided by the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, the Participating Institutions, the National Science Foundation, the U.S. Department of Energy, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, the Japanese Monbukagakusho, the Max Planck Society, and the Higher Education Funding Council for England. The SDSS Web site is http://www.sdss.org/. The SDSS is managed by the Astrophysical Research Consortium for the Participating Institutions. The Participating Institutions are the American Museum of Natural History, Astrophysical Institute Potsdam, University of Basel, University of Cambridge, Case Western Reserve University, University of Chicago, Drexel University, Fermilab, the Institute for Advanced Study, the Japan Participation Group, Johns Hopkins University, the Joint Institute for Nuclear Astrophysics, the Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, the Korean Scientist Group, the Chinese Academy of Sciences (LAMOST), Los Alamos National Laboratory, the Max-Planck-Institute for Astronomy (MPIA), the Max-PlanckInstitute for Astrophysics (MPA), New Mexico State University, Ohio State University, University of Pittsburgh, University of Portsmouth, Princeton University, the United States Naval Observatory, and the University of Washington. NR 57 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 12 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD OCT 1 PY 2012 VL 757 IS 2 AR 166 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/757/2/166 PG 35 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 010QF UT WOS:000309108500059 ER EF