FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT J AU Knapp, PF Pikuz, SA Shelkovenko, TA Hammer, DA Hansen, SB AF Knapp, P. F. Pikuz, S. A. Shelkovenko, T. A. Hammer, D. A. Hansen, S. B. TI Time and space resolved measurement of the electron temperature, mass density and ionization state in the ablation plasma between two exploding Al wires SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID ARRAY Z-PINCHES; ABSORPTION-SPECTROSCOPY; IMPLOSION DYNAMICS; X-RAYS; RADIATION; GENERATORS; EXPLOSION; POWER; FE AB We have determined the properties of plasma around and between two exploding wires using high-resolution x-ray absorption spectroscopy. Plasma densities and temperatures ranging from greater than or similar to 0.1 g/cm(3) and a few eV to less than 0.01 g/cm(3) and 30 eV have been measured in experiments at Cornell University with two 40 mu m aluminum (Al) wires spaced 1 mm apart driven by similar to 150 kA peak current pulses with 100 ns rise time. The wire plasma was backlit by the 1.4-1.6 keV continuum radiation produced by a Mo wire X-pinch. The spectrometer employed two spherically bent quartz crystals to record the absorption and backlighter spectra simultaneously. The transition between the dense Al wire core and the coronal plasma is seen as a transition from cold K-edge absorption to Mg-, Na-, and finally Ne-like absorption at the boundary. In the plasma that accumulates between the wires, ionization states up to C-Like Al are observed. The spectrometer geometry and similar to 2 mu m X-pinch source size provide 0.3 eV spectral resolution and 20 mu m spatial resolution enabling us to see 1s -> 2p satellite transitions as separate lines as well as O-, F-, and Ne-like 1s -> 3p transitions that have not been seen before. A step wedge was used to calibrate the transmission, enabling density to be measured within a factor of two and temperature to be measured within +/- 25%. A genetic algorithm was developed to fit synthetic spectra calculated using the collisional-radiative code SCRAM to the experimental spectra. In order to obtain agreement it was necessary to assume multiple plasma regions with variable thicknesses, thereby allowing the inferred plasma conditions to vary along the absorption path. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3694039] C1 [Knapp, P. F.; Hansen, S. B.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Knapp, P. F.; Pikuz, S. A.; Shelkovenko, T. A.; Hammer, D. A.] Cornell Univ, Plasma Studies Lab, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Knapp, PF (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RI Pikuz, Sergey/M-8231-2015; Shelkovenko, Tatiana/M-8254-2015 FU NNSA under DOE [DE-FC03-02NA00057]; U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000] FX The authors would like to thank Dr. Daniel Sinars for his valuable input while completing this work. This work was sponsored at Cornell University by the NNSA Stewardship Science Academic Alliances program under DOE agreement DE-FC03-02NA00057. Sandia National Laboratories is a multi-program laboratory managed and operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corporation, for the U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. NR 32 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 13 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD MAY PY 2012 VL 19 IS 5 AR 056302 DI 10.1063/1.3694039 PG 6 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 952YB UT WOS:000304831100088 ER PT J AU Makowski, MA Elder, D Gray, TK LaBombard, B Lasnier, CJ Leonard, AW Maingi, R Osborne, TH Stangeby, PC Terry, JL Watkins, J AF Makowski, M. A. Elder, D. Gray, T. K. LaBombard, B. Lasnier, C. J. Leonard, A. W. Maingi, R. Osborne, T. H. Stangeby, P. C. Terry, J. L. Watkins, J. TI Analysis of a multi-machine database on divertor heat fluxes SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID ALCATOR C-MOD; TURBULENCE; TRANSPORT; TOKAMAK; THERMOGRAPHY; DISCHARGES; WIDTH; JET; SOL AB A coordinated effort to measure divertor heat flux characteristics in fully attached, similarly shaped H-mode plasmas on C-Mod, DIII-D, and NSTX was carried out in 2010 in order to construct a predictive scaling relation applicable to next step devices including ITER, FNSF, and DEMO. Few published scaling laws are available and those that have been published were obtained under widely varying conditions and divertor geometries, leading to conflicting predictions for this critically important quantity. This study was designed to overcome these deficiencies. Analysis of the combined data set reveals that the primary dependence of the parallel heat flux width is robustly inverse with I-p, which all three tokamaks independently demonstrate. An improved Thomson scattering system on DIII-D has yielded very accurate scrape off layer (SOL) profile measurements from which tests of parallel transport models have been made. It is found that a flux-limited model agrees best with the data at all collisionalities, while a Spitzer resistivity model agrees at higher collisionality where it is more valid. The SOL profile measurements and divertor heat flux scaling are consistent with a heuristic drift based model as well as a critical gradient model. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4710517] C1 [Makowski, M. A.; Lasnier, C. J.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. [Elder, D.; Stangeby, P. C.] Univ Toronto, Inst Aerosp Studies, Toronto, ON M3H 5T6, Canada. [Gray, T. K.; Maingi, R.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [LaBombard, B.; Terry, J. L.] MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Leonard, A. W.; Osborne, T. H.] Gen Atom Co, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. [Watkins, J.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Makowski, MA (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. FU US DOE [DE-AC52-07NA27344, DE-AC05-00OR22725, DE-FG02-94ER54084, DE-FC02-04ER54698, DE-AC04-94AL85000] FX Supported by the US DOE under DE-AC52-07NA27344, DE-AC05-00OR22725, DE-FG02-94ER54084, DE-FC02-04ER54698, and DE-AC04-94AL85000. NR 29 TC 39 Z9 39 U1 1 U2 15 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X EI 1089-7674 J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD MAY PY 2012 VL 19 IS 5 AR 056122 DI 10.1063/1.4710517 PG 9 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 952YB UT WOS:000304831100082 ER PT J AU Martin, MR Lemke, RW McBride, RD Davis, JP Dolan, DH Knudson, MD Cochrane, KR Sinars, DB Smith, IC Savage, M Stygar, WA Killebrew, K Flicker, DG Herrmann, MC AF Martin, M. R. Lemke, R. W. McBride, R. D. Davis, J. P. Dolan, D. H. Knudson, M. D. Cochrane, K. R. Sinars, D. B. Smith, I. C. Savage, M. Stygar, W. A. Killebrew, K. Flicker, D. G. Herrmann, M. C. TI Solid liner implosions on Z for producing multi-megabar, shockless compressions SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID ISENTROPIC COMPRESSION AB Current pulse shaping techniques, originally developed for planar dynamic material experiments on the Z-machine [M. K. Matzen et al., Phys. Plasmas 12, 055503 (2005)], are adapted to the design of controlled cylindrical liner implosions. By driving these targets with a current pulse shape that prevents shock formation inside the liner, shock heating is avoided along with the corresponding decrease in electrical conductivity ahead of the magnetic diffusion wave penetrating the liner. This results in an imploding liner with a significant amount of its mass in the solid phase and at multi-megabar pressures. Pressures in the solid region of a shaped pulse driven beryllium liner fielded on the Z-machine are inferred to 5.5 Mbar, while simulations suggest implosion velocities greater than 50 kms(-1). These solid liner experiments are diagnosed with multi-frame monochromatic x-ray backlighting which is used to infer the material density and pressure. This work has led to a new platform on the Z-machine that can be used to perform off-Hugoniot measurements at higher pressures than are accessible through magnetically driven planar geometries. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3694519] C1 [Martin, M. R.; Lemke, R. W.; McBride, R. D.; Davis, J. P.; Dolan, D. H.; Knudson, M. D.; Sinars, D. B.; Smith, I. C.; Savage, M.; Stygar, W. A.; Flicker, D. G.; Herrmann, M. C.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Cochrane, K. R.] Raytheon Ktech, Albuquerque, NM 87123 USA. [Killebrew, K.] Gen Atom Co, San Diego, CA 92121 USA. RP Martin, MR (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. FU U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000] FX Sandia National Laboratories is a multi-program laboratory managed and operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corporation, for the U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. NR 28 TC 28 Z9 30 U1 2 U2 21 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD MAY PY 2012 VL 19 IS 5 AR 056310 DI 10.1063/1.3694519 PG 9 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 952YB UT WOS:000304831100096 ER PT J AU Mordijck, S Doyle, EJ McKee, GR Moyer, RA Rhodes, TL Zeng, L Commaux, N Fenstermacher, ME Gentle, KW Reimerdes, H Schmitz, O Solomon, WM Staebler, GM Wang, G AF Mordijck, S. Doyle, E. J. McKee, G. R. Moyer, R. A. Rhodes, T. L. Zeng, L. Commaux, N. Fenstermacher, M. E. Gentle, K. W. Reimerdes, H. Schmitz, O. Solomon, W. M. Staebler, G. M. Wang, G. TI Changes in particle transport as a result of resonant magnetic perturbations in DIII-D SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID DYNAMIC ERGODIC DIVERTOR; TOKAMAK; TEXTOR AB In this paper, we introduce the first direct perturbed particle transport measurements in resonant magnetic perturbation (RMP) H-mode plasmas. The perturbed particle transport increases as a result of application of RMP deep into the core. In the core, a large reduction in E x B shear to a value below the linear growth rate, in conjunction with increasing density fluctuations, is consistent with an increase in turbulent particle transport. In the edge, the changes in turbulent particle transport are less obvious. There is a clear correlation between the linear growth rates and the density fluctuations measured at different scales, but it is uncertain which is the cause and which is the consequence. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4718316] C1 [Mordijck, S.] Coll William & Mary, Dept Comp Sci, Williamsburg, VA 23187 USA. [Doyle, E. J.; Rhodes, T. L.; Zeng, L.; Wang, G.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Phys & Astron, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [McKee, G. R.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Engn, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Moyer, R. A.] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Commaux, N.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Fenstermacher, M. E.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Gentle, K. W.] Univ Texas Austin, Fus Res Ctr, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Reimerdes, H.] Columbia Univ, New York, NY 10027 USA. [Schmitz, O.] Forschungszentrum Julich, Inst Energieforsch Plasmaphys, Assoc EURATOM FZJ, D-52425 Julich, Germany. [Solomon, W. M.] Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. [Staebler, G. M.] Gen Atom Co, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. RP Mordijck, S (reprint author), Coll William & Mary, Dept Comp Sci, Williamsburg, VA 23187 USA. EM mordijck@cs.wm.edu OI Solomon, Wayne/0000-0002-0902-9876 FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-FG02-07ER54917, DE-FC02-04ER54698, DE-FG02-89ER54139, DE-FG02-08ER54999, DE-AC05-00OR22725, DE-AC52-07NA27344, DE-FG03-97ER54415, DE-FG02-04ER54761, DE-AC02-09CH11466, DE-FG02-95ER54309] FX This work was supported in part by the U.S. Department of Energy under DE-FG02-07ER54917, DE-FC02-04ER54698, DE-FG02-89ER54139, DE-FG02-08ER54999, DE-AC05-00OR22725, DE-AC52-07NA27344, DE-FG03-97ER54415, DE-FG02-04ER54761, DE-AC02-09CH11466, and DE-FG02-95ER54309. Special thanks to Pieter Peers. NR 33 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 11 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD MAY PY 2012 VL 19 IS 5 AR 056503 DI 10.1063/1.4718316 PG 7 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 952YB UT WOS:000304831100107 ER PT J AU Olson, RE Suter, LJ Kline, JL Callahan, DA Rosen, MD Dixit, SN Landen, OL Meezan, NB Moody, JD Thomas, CA Warrick, A Widmann, K Williams, EA Glenzer, SH AF Olson, R. E. Suter, L. J. Kline, J. L. Callahan, D. A. Rosen, M. D. Dixit, S. N. Landen, O. L. Meezan, N. B. Moody, J. D. Thomas, C. A. Warrick, A. Widmann, K. Williams, E. A. Glenzer, S. H. TI X-ray conversion efficiency in vacuum hohlraum experiments at the National Ignition Facility SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID LASER PERFORMANCE; RADIATION DRIVE; OMEGA-LASER; NOVA LASER; SYSTEM; LIGHT AB X-ray fluxes measured in the first 96 and 192 beam vacuum hohlraum experiments at the National Ignition Facility (NIF) were significantly higher than predicted by computational simulations employing XSN average atom atomic physics and highly flux-limited electron heat conduction. For agreement with experimental data, it was found that the coronal plasma emissivity must be simulated with a detailed configuration accounting model that accounts for x-ray emission involving all of the significant ionization states. It was also found that an electron heat conduction flux limit of f = 0.05 is too restrictive, and that a flux limit of f = 0.15 results in a much better match with the NIF vacuum hohlraum experimental data. The combination of increased plasma emissivity and increased electron heat conduction in this new high flux hohlraum model results in a reduction in coronal plasma energy and, hence, an explanation for the high (similar to 85%-90%) x-ray conversion efficiencies observed in the 235 < T-r < 345 eV NIF vacuum hohlraum experiments. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4704795] C1 [Olson, R. E.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Suter, L. J.; Callahan, D. A.; Rosen, M. D.; Dixit, S. N.; Landen, O. L.; Meezan, N. B.; Moody, J. D.; Thomas, C. A.; Warrick, A.; Widmann, K.; Williams, E. A.; Glenzer, S. H.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. [Kline, J. L.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Olson, RE (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. OI Kline, John/0000-0002-2271-9919 FU U.S. Department of Energy by LLNL [DE-AC52-07NA27344]; U.S. Department of Energy by LANL [DE-AC52-06NA25396]; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC04-94AL85000] FX We thank the NIF operations/laser team for their efforts during these experiments. This work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by LLNL under contract DE-AC52-07NA27344 and by LANL under contract DE-AC52-06NA25396. Sandia is a multiprogram laboratory operated by the Sandia Corporation, a Lockheed Martin Company, for the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. NR 31 TC 27 Z9 29 U1 3 U2 11 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD MAY PY 2012 VL 19 IS 5 AR 053301 DI 10.1063/1.4704795 PG 9 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 952YB UT WOS:000304831100038 ER PT J AU Peterson, JL Bell, R Candy, J Guttenfelder, W Hammett, GW Kaye, SM LeBlanc, B Mikkelsen, DR Smith, DR Yuh, HY AF Peterson, J. L. Bell, R. Candy, J. Guttenfelder, W. Hammett, G. W. Kaye, S. M. LeBlanc, B. Mikkelsen, D. R. Smith, D. R. Yuh, H. Y. TI Suppressing electron turbulence and triggering internal transport barriers with reversed magnetic shear in the National Spherical Torus Experiment SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID TEMPERATURE-GRADIENT TURBULENCE; PHYSICS; NSTX AB The National Spherical Torus Experiment (NSTX) [M. Ono et al., Nucl. Fusion 40, 557 (2000)] can achieve high electron plasma confinement regimes that are super-critically unstable to the electron temperature gradient driven (ETG) instability. These plasmas, dubbed electron internal transport barriers (e-ITBs), occur when the magnetic shear becomes strongly negative. Using the gyrokinetic code GYRO [J. Candy and R. E. Waltz, J. Comput. Phys. 186, 545 (2003)], the first nonlinear ETG simulations of NSTX e-ITB plasmas reinforce this observation. Local simulations identify a strongly upshifted nonlinear critical gradient for thermal transport that depends on magnetic shear. Global simulations show e-ITB formation can occur when the magnetic shear becomes strongly negative. While the ETG-driven thermal flux at the outer edge of the barrier is large enough to be experimentally relevant, the turbulence cannot propagate past the barrier into the plasma interior. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4718456] C1 [Peterson, J. L.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Bell, R.; Guttenfelder, W.; Hammett, G. W.; Kaye, S. M.; LeBlanc, B.; Mikkelsen, D. R.] Princeton Univ, Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. [Candy, J.] Gen Atom Co, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. [Smith, D. R.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Engn Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Yuh, H. Y.] Nova Photon Inc, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA. RP Peterson, JL (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RI Hammett, Gregory/D-1365-2011 OI Hammett, Gregory/0000-0003-1495-6647 FU U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344]; Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory [DE-AC02-09CH11466]; Sci-DAC Center for the Study of Plasma Microturbulence; Office of Science of the Department of Energy [DE-AC05-00OR22725]; National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center; Office of Science [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX The authors gratefully acknowledge F. Jenko and D. Told for useful discussions of impurity concentrations during this discharge. This work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344 and the Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory under Contract DE-AC02-09CH11466. This work was supported by the Sci-DAC Center for the Study of Plasma Microturbulence and used the computational resources of both the Oak Ridge Leadership Computing Facility, located in the National Center for Computational Sciences at Oak Ridge National Laboratory, which is supported by the Office of Science of the Department of Energy under Contract DE-AC05-00OR22725, and the National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center, which is supported by the Office of Science under Contract DE-AC02-05CH11231. NR 28 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 22 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD MAY PY 2012 VL 19 IS 5 AR 056120 DI 10.1063/1.4718456 PG 9 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 952YB UT WOS:000304831100080 ER PT J AU Prisbrey, ST Park, HS Remington, BA Cavallo, R May, M Pollaine, SM Rudd, R Maddox, B Comley, A Fried, L Blobaum, K Wallace, R Wilson, M Swift, D Satcher, J Kalantar, D Perry, T Giraldez, E Farrell, M Nikroo, A AF Prisbrey, Shon T. Park, Hye-Sook Remington, Bruce A. Cavallo, Robert May, Mark Pollaine, Stephen M. Rudd, Robert Maddox, Brian Comley, Andrew Fried, Larry Blobaum, Kerri Wallace, Russ Wilson, Mike Swift, David Satcher, Joe Kalantar, Dan Perry, Ted Giraldez, Emilio Farrell, Michael Nikroo, Abbas TI Tailored ramp-loading via shock release of stepped-density reservoirs SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID INTERFEROMETER AB The concept of a gradient piston drive has been extended from that of a single component reservoir, such as a high explosive, to that of a multi-component reservoir that utilizes low density foams and large shocks to achieve high pressures (similar to 3.5 mbar) and controlled pressure vs. time profiles on a driven sample. Simulated and experimental drives shaped through the use of multiple component (including carbonized resorcinol formaldehyde and SiO2 foam) reservoirs are compared. Individual density layers in a multiple component reservoir are shown to correlate with velocity features in the measured drive which enables the ability to tune a pressure drive by adjusting the components of the reservoir. Pre-shot simulations are shown to be in rough agreement with the data, but post-shot simulations involving the use of simulated plasma drives were needed to achieve an exact match. Results from a multiple component reservoir shot (similar to 3.5 mbar) at the National Ignition Facility are shown. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3699361] C1 [Prisbrey, Shon T.; Park, Hye-Sook; Remington, Bruce A.; Cavallo, Robert; May, Mark; Pollaine, Stephen M.; Rudd, Robert; Maddox, Brian; Comley, Andrew; Fried, Larry; Blobaum, Kerri; Wallace, Russ; Wilson, Mike; Swift, David; Satcher, Joe; Kalantar, Dan; Perry, Ted] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Giraldez, Emilio; Farrell, Michael; Nikroo, Abbas] Gen Atom Co, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. RP Prisbrey, ST (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, 7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RI Perry, Theodore/K-3333-2014; Fried, Laurence/L-8714-2014; OI Perry, Theodore/0000-0002-8832-2033; Fried, Laurence/0000-0002-9437-7700; Rudd, Robert/0000-0002-6632-2681 FU U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344, LLNL-JRNL-520653] FX This work performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract Nos. DE-AC52-07NA27344 and LLNL-JRNL-520653. NR 22 TC 8 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 17 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X EI 1089-7674 J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD MAY PY 2012 VL 19 IS 5 AR 056311 DI 10.1063/1.3699361 PG 10 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 952YB UT WOS:000304831100097 ER PT J AU Regan, SP Epstein, R Hammel, BA Suter, LJ Ralph, J Scott, H Barrios, MA Bradley, DK Callahan, DA Cerjan, C Collins, GW Dixit, SN Doeppner, T Edwards, MJ Farley, DR Glenn, S Glenzer, SH Golovkin, IE Haan, SW Hamza, A Hicks, DG Izumi, N Kilkenny, JD Kline, JL Kyrala, GA Landen, OL Ma, T MacFarlane, JJ Mancini, RC McCrory, RL Meezan, NB Meyerhofer, DD Nikroo, A Peterson, KJ Sangster, TC Springer, P Town, RPJ AF Regan, S. P. Epstein, R. Hammel, B. A. Suter, L. J. Ralph, J. Scott, H. Barrios, M. A. Bradley, D. K. Callahan, D. A. Cerjan, C. Collins, G. W. Dixit, S. N. Doeppner, T. Edwards, M. J. Farley, D. R. Glenn, S. Glenzer, S. H. Golovkin, I. E. Haan, S. W. Hamza, A. Hicks, D. G. Izumi, N. Kilkenny, J. D. Kline, J. L. Kyrala, G. A. Landen, O. L. Ma, T. MacFarlane, J. J. Mancini, R. C. McCrory, R. L. Meezan, N. B. Meyerhofer, D. D. Nikroo, A. Peterson, K. J. Sangster, T. C. Springer, P. Town, R. P. J. TI Hot-spot mix in ignition-scale implosions on the NIF SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID FACILITY AB Ignition of an inertial confinement fusion (ICF) target depends on the formation of a central hot spot with sufficient temperature and areal density. Radiative and conductive losses from the hot spot can be enhanced by hydrodynamic instabilities. The concentric spherical layers of current National Ignition Facility (NIF) ignition targets consist of a plastic ablator surrounding a thin shell of cryogenic thermonuclear fuel (i.e., hydrogen isotopes), with fuel vapor filling the interior volume [S. W. Haan et al., Phys. Plasmas 18, 051001 (2011)]. The Rev. 5 ablator is doped with Ge to minimize preheat of the ablator closest to the DT ice caused by Au M-band emission from the hohlraum x-ray drive [D. S. Clark et al., Phys. Plasmas 17, 052703 (2010)]. Richtmyer-Meshkov and Rayleigh-Taylor hydrodynamic instabilities seeded by high-mode (50 < l < 200) ablator-surface perturbations can cause Ge-doped ablator to mix into the interior of the shell at the end of the acceleration phase [B. A. Hammel et al., Phys. Plasmas 18, 056310 (2011)]. As the shell decelerates, it compresses the fuel vapor, forming a hot spot. K-shell line emission from the ionized Ge that has penetrated into the hot spot provides an experimental signature of hot-spot mix. The Ge emission from tritium-hydrogen-deuterium (THD) and deuterium-tritium (DT) cryogenic targets and gas-filled plastic-shell capsules, which replace the THD layer with a mass-equivalent CH layer, was examined. The inferred amount of hot-spot-mix mass, estimated from the Ge K-shell line brightness using a detailed atomic physics code [J. J. MacFarlane et al., High Energy Density Phys. 3, 181 (2006)], is typically below the 75-ng allowance for hot-spot mix [S. W. Haan et al., Phys. Plasmas 18, 051001 (2011)]. Predictions of a simple mix model, based on linear growth of the measured surface-mass modulations, are consistent with the experimental results. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3694057] C1 [Regan, S. P.; Epstein, R.; McCrory, R. L.; Meyerhofer, D. D.; Sangster, T. C.] Univ Rochester, Laser Energet Lab, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. [Hammel, B. A.; Suter, L. J.; Ralph, J.; Scott, H.; Barrios, M. A.; Bradley, D. K.; Callahan, D. A.; Cerjan, C.; Collins, G. W.; Dixit, S. N.; Doeppner, T.; Edwards, M. J.; Farley, D. R.; Glenn, S.; Glenzer, S. H.; Haan, S. W.; Hamza, A.; Hicks, D. G.; Izumi, N.; Kilkenny, J. D.; Landen, O. L.; Ma, T.; Meezan, N. B.; Springer, P.; Town, R. P. J.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Golovkin, I. E.; MacFarlane, J. J.] Prism Computat Sci, Madison, WI 53703 USA. [Kilkenny, J. D.; Nikroo, A.] Gen Atom Co, San Diego, CA 92121 USA. [Kline, J. L.; Kyrala, G. A.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Mancini, R. C.] Univ Nevada, Reno, NV 89557 USA. [Peterson, K. J.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Regan, SP (reprint author), Univ Rochester, Laser Energet Lab, 250 E River Rd, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. RI Ma, Tammy/F-3133-2013; Hicks, Damien/B-5042-2015; IZUMI, Nobuhiko/J-8487-2016; OI Ma, Tammy/0000-0002-6657-9604; Hicks, Damien/0000-0001-8322-9983; IZUMI, Nobuhiko/0000-0003-1114-597X; Kline, John/0000-0002-2271-9919 FU U.S. Department of Energy Office of Inertial Confinement Fusion [DE-FC52-08NA28302]; University of Rochester; New York State Energy Research and Development Authority FX The authors acknowledge the excellent operation of the National Ignition Facility and helpful suggestions from M. H. Key. This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Inertial Confinement Fusion under Cooperative Agreement No. DE-FC52-08NA28302, the University of Rochester, and the New York State Energy Research and Development Authority. The support of DOE does not constitute and endorsement by DOE of the views expressed in this article. NR 28 TC 48 Z9 49 U1 3 U2 29 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD MAY PY 2012 VL 19 IS 5 AR 056307 DI 10.1063/1.3694057 PG 9 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 952YB UT WOS:000304831100093 ER PT J AU Ren, Y Guttenfelder, W Kaye, SM Mazzucato, E Bell, RE Diallo, A Domier, CW LeBlanc, BP Lee, KC Smith, DR Yuh, H AF Ren, Y. Guttenfelder, W. Kaye, S. M. Mazzucato, E. Bell, R. E. Diallo, A. Domier, C. W. LeBlanc, B. P. Lee, K. C. Smith, D. R. Yuh, H. TI Experimental study of parametric dependence of electron-scale turbulence in a spherical tokamak SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID TEMPERATURE-GRADIENT TURBULENCE; FINITE ASPECT RATIO; TORE-SUPRA; H-MODE; TRANSPORT; NSTX; SIMULATIONS; CONFINEMENT; PLASMA; SUPPRESSION AB Electron-scale turbulence is predicted to drive anomalous electron thermal transport. However, experimental study of its relation with transport is still in its early stage. On the National Spherical Tokamak Experiment (NSTX), electron-scale density fluctuations are studied with a novel tangential microwave scattering system with high radial resolution of +/- 2 cm. Here, we report a study of parametric dependence of electron-scale turbulence in NSTX H-mode plasmas. The dependence on density gradient is studied through the observation of a large density gradient variation in the core induced by an edge localized mode (ELM) event, where we found the first clear experimental evidence of density gradient stabilization of electron-gyro scale turbulence in a fusion plasma. This observation, coupled with linear gyro-kinetic calculations, leads to the identification of the observed instability as toroidal electron temperature gradient (ETG) modes. It is observed that longer wavelength ETG modes, k(perpendicular to)rho(s) less than or similar to 10 (rho(s) is the ion gyroradius at electron temperature and k(perpendicular to) is the wavenumber perpendicular to local equilibrium magnetic field), are most stabilized by density gradient, and the stabilization is accompanied by about a factor of two decrease in electron thermal diffusivity. Comparisons with nonlinear ETG gyrokinetic simulations show ETG turbulence may be able to explain the experimental electron heat flux observed before the ELM event. The collisionality dependence of electron-scale turbulence is also studied by systematically varying plasma current and toroidal field, so that electron gyroradius (rho(e)), electron beta (beta(e)), and safety factor (q(95)) are kept approximately constant. More than a factor of two change in electron collisionality, nu*(e), was achieved, and we found that the spectral power of electron-scale turbulence appears to increase as nu*(e) is decreased in this collisonality scan. However, both linear and nonlinear simulations show no or weak dependence with the electron-ion collision frequency, nu(e/i). Instead, other equilibrium parameters (safety factor, electron density gradient, for example) affect ETG linear growth rate and electron thermal transport more than nu(e/i) does. Furthermore, electron heat flux predicted by the simulations is found to have an order-of-magnitude spatial variation in the experimental measurement region and is also found to be much smaller than experimental levels except at one radial location we evaluated. The predicted electron heat flux is shown to be strongly anti-correlated with density gradient, which varies for a factor of three in the measurement region, which is in agreement with the density gradient dependence study reported in this paper. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4719689] C1 [Ren, Y.; Guttenfelder, W.; Kaye, S. M.; Mazzucato, E.; Bell, R. E.; Diallo, A.; LeBlanc, B. P.] Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. [Domier, C. W.; Lee, K. C.] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Smith, D. R.] Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Yuh, H.] Nova Photon Inc, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA. RP Ren, Y (reprint author), Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RI Diallo, Ahmed/M-7792-2013 FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-09CH11466, DE-FG03-95ER54295, DE-FG03-99ER54518] FX The author would like to thank NSTX Team for the excellent technical support for this work. This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy under Contracts Nos. DE-AC02-09CH11466, DE-FG03-95ER54295, and DE-FG03-99ER54518. NR 48 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 16 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD MAY PY 2012 VL 19 IS 5 AR 056125 DI 10.1063/1.4719689 PG 15 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 952YB UT WOS:000304831100085 ER PT J AU Ross, JS Glenzer, SH Amendt, P Berger, R Divol, L Kugland, NL Landen, OL Plechaty, C Remington, B Ryutov, D Rozmus, W Froula, DH Fiksel, G Sorce, C Kuramitsu, Y Morita, T Sakawa, Y Takabe, H Drake, RP Grosskopf, M Kuranz, C Gregori, G Meinecke, J Murphy, CD Koenig, M Pelka, A Ravasio, A Vinci, T Liang, E Presura, R Spitkovsky, A Miniati, F Park, HS AF Ross, J. S. Glenzer, S. H. Amendt, P. Berger, R. Divol, L. Kugland, N. L. Landen, O. L. Plechaty, C. Remington, B. Ryutov, D. Rozmus, W. Froula, D. H. Fiksel, G. Sorce, C. Kuramitsu, Y. Morita, T. Sakawa, Y. Takabe, H. Drake, R. P. Grosskopf, M. Kuranz, C. Gregori, G. Meinecke, J. Murphy, C. D. Koenig, M. Pelka, A. Ravasio, A. Vinci, T. Liang, E. Presura, R. Spitkovsky, A. Miniati, F. Park, H-S TI Characterizing counter-streaming interpenetrating plasmas relevant to astrophysical collisionless shocks SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID SCATTERING; WAVES AB A series of Omega experiments have produced and characterized high velocity counter-streaming plasma flows relevant for the creation of collisionless shocks. Single and double CH2 foils have been irradiated with a laser intensity of similar to 10(16) W/cm(2). The laser ablated plasma was characterized 4 mm from the foil surface using Thomson scattering. A peak plasma flow velocity of 2000 km/s, an electron temperature of similar to 110 eV, an ion temperature of similar to 30 eV, and a density of similar to 10(18) cm(-3) were measured in the single foil configuration. Significant increases in electron and ion temperatures were seen in the double foil geometry. The measured single foil plasma conditions were used to calculate the ion skin depth, c/omega(pi) similar to 0.16 mm, the interaction length, l(int) of similar to 8 mm, and the Coulomb mean free path, lambda(mfp) similar to 27mm. With c/omega(pi) << l(int) >> lambda(mfp), we are in a regime where collisionless shock formation is possible. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3694124] C1 [Ross, J. S.; Glenzer, S. H.; Amendt, P.; Berger, R.; Divol, L.; Kugland, N. L.; Landen, O. L.; Plechaty, C.; Remington, B.; Ryutov, D.; Rozmus, W.; Park, H-S] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. [Rozmus, W.] Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada. [Froula, D. H.; Fiksel, G.; Sorce, C.] Univ Rochester, Laser Energet Lab, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. [Kuramitsu, Y.; Morita, T.; Sakawa, Y.; Takabe, H.] Osaka Univ, Suita, Osaka 5650871, Japan. [Drake, R. P.; Grosskopf, M.; Kuranz, C.] Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Gregori, G.; Meinecke, J.; Murphy, C. D.] Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, Oxford OX1 3PU, England. [Koenig, M.; Pelka, A.; Ravasio, A.; Vinci, T.] Univ Paris 06, LULI, Ecole Polytech, CNRS, F-91128 Palaiseau, France. [Liang, E.] Rice Univ, Houston, TX 77251 USA. [Presura, R.] Univ Nevada, Reno, NV 89557 USA. [Spitkovsky, A.] Princeton Univ, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Miniati, F.] ETH, Dept Phys, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland. RP Ross, JS (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 808, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RI Sakawa, Youichi/J-5707-2016; Drake, R Paul/I-9218-2012 OI Sakawa, Youichi/0000-0003-4165-1048; Drake, R Paul/0000-0002-5450-9844 FU U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344]; Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program [11-ERD-054]; European Research Council under European Community [256973] FX This work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344 and was partially funded by the Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program under project tracking code 11-ERD-054. G. Gregori acknowledges funding from the European Research Council under the European Community's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013)/ERC Grant Agreement No. 256973. NR 19 TC 52 Z9 52 U1 3 U2 34 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X EI 1089-7674 J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD MAY PY 2012 VL 19 IS 5 AR 056501 DI 10.1063/1.3694124 PG 8 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 952YB UT WOS:000304831100105 ER PT J AU Snyder, PB Osborne, TH Burrell, KH Groebner, RJ Leonard, AW Nazikian, R Orlov, DM Schmitz, O Wade, MR Wilson, HR AF Snyder, P. B. Osborne, T. H. Burrell, K. H. Groebner, R. J. Leonard, A. W. Nazikian, R. Orlov, D. M. Schmitz, O. Wade, M. R. Wilson, H. R. TI The EPED pedestal model and edge localized mode-suppressed regimes: Studies of quiescent H-mode and development of a model for edge localized mode suppression via resonant magnetic perturbations SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID TOKAMAK PLASMAS; MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMIC STABILITY; TRANSPORT BARRIER; MICROTURBULENCE; INSTABILITIES; SIMULATIONS; MECHANISMS; ELMS AB The EPED model predicts the H-mode pedestal height and width based upon two fundamental and calculable constraints: (1) onset of non-local peeling-ballooning modes at low to intermediate mode number, (2) onset of nearly local kinetic ballooning modes at high mode number. We present detailed tests of the EPED model in discharges with edge localized modes (ELMs), employing new high resolution measurements, and finding good quantitative agreement across a range of parameters. The EPED model is then applied for the first time to quiescent H-mode (QH), finding a similar level of agreement between predicted and observed pedestal height and width, and suggesting that the model can be used to predict the critical density for QH-mode operation. Finally, the model is applied toward understanding the suppression of ELMs with 3D resonant magnetic perturbations (RMP). Combining EPED with plasma response physics, a new working model for RMP ELM suppression is developed. We propose that ELMs are suppressed when a "wall" associated with the RMP blocks the inward penetration of the edge transport barrier. A calculation of the required location of this "wall" with EPED is consistent with observed profile changes during RMP ELM suppression and offers an explanation for the observed dependence on safety factor (q(95)). (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3699623] C1 [Snyder, P. B.; Osborne, T. H.; Burrell, K. H.; Groebner, R. J.; Leonard, A. W.; Wade, M. R.] Gen Atom Co, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. [Nazikian, R.] Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. [Orlov, D. M.] Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Schmitz, O.] Forschungszentrum Julich, Inst Plasmaphys, Assoc FZJ EURATOM, D-52425 Julich, Germany. [Wilson, H. R.] Univ York, Dept Phys, York Plasma Inst, York YO10 5DD, N Yorkshire, England. RP Snyder, PB (reprint author), Gen Atom Co, POB 85608, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. RI Orlov, Dmitriy/D-2406-2016 OI Orlov, Dmitriy/0000-0002-2230-457X FU US Department of Energy [DE-FG02-95ER54309, DE-FC02-06ER54873, DE-AC02-09CH11466, DE-FG02-07ER54917, DE-FC02-04ER54698]; UK EPSCR; Euratom FX This work was supported in part by the US Department of Energy under DE-FG02-95ER54309, DE-FC02-06ER54873, DE-AC02-09CH11466, DE-FG02-07ER54917, DE-FC02-04ER54698, and in part by the UK EPSCR and Euratom. The authors gratefully acknowledge contributions from the DIII-D team, in particular, the Thomson scattering group, including B. D. Bray and D. Eldon, the ELM Control by 3D Fields Task Force, and the Alternative Techniques for ELM Control group. NR 42 TC 61 Z9 61 U1 3 U2 33 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X EI 1089-7674 J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD MAY PY 2012 VL 19 IS 5 AR 056115 DI 10.1063/1.3699623 PG 9 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 952YB UT WOS:000304831100075 ER PT J AU Spears, BK Glenzer, S Edwards, MJ Brandon, S Clark, D Town, R Cerjan, C Dylla-Spears, R Mapoles, E Munro, D Salmonson, J Sepke, S Weber, S Hatchett, S Haan, S Springer, P Moses, E Kline, J Kyrala, G Wilson, D AF Spears, Brian K. Glenzer, S. Edwards, M. J. Brandon, S. Clark, D. Town, R. Cerjan, C. Dylla-Spears, R. Mapoles, E. Munro, D. Salmonson, J. Sepke, S. Weber, S. Hatchett, S. Haan, S. Springer, P. Moses, E. Kline, J. Kyrala, G. Wilson, D. TI Performance metrics for inertial confinement fusion implosions: Aspects of the technical framework for measuring progress in the National Ignition Campaign SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article AB The National Ignition Campaign (NIC) uses non-igniting "tritium hydrogen deuterium (THD)" capsules to study and optimize the hydrodynamic assembly of the fuel without burn. These capsules are designed to simultaneously reduce DT neutron yield and to maintain hydrodynamic similarity with the DT ignition capsule. We will discuss nominal THD performance and the associated experimental observables. We will show the results of large ensembles of numerical simulations of THD and DT implosions and their simulated diagnostic outputs. These simulations cover a broad range of both nominal and off-nominal implosions. We will focus on the development of an experimental implosion performance metric called the experimental ignition threshold factor (ITFX). We will discuss the relationship between ITFX and other integrated performance metrics, including the ignition threshold factor (ITF), the generalized Lawson criterion (GLC), and the hot spot pressure (HSP). We will then consider the experimental results of the recent NIC THD campaign. We will show that we can observe the key quantities for producing a measured ITFX and for inferring the other performance metrics. We will discuss trends in the experimental data, improvement in ITFX, and briefly the upcoming tuning campaign aimed at taking the next steps in performance improvement on the path to ignition on NIF. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3696743] C1 [Spears, Brian K.; Glenzer, S.; Edwards, M. J.; Brandon, S.; Clark, D.; Town, R.; Cerjan, C.; Dylla-Spears, R.; Mapoles, E.; Munro, D.; Salmonson, J.; Sepke, S.; Weber, S.; Hatchett, S.; Haan, S.; Springer, P.; Moses, E.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Kline, J.; Kyrala, G.; Wilson, D.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Spears, BK (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, 7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM spears9@llnl.gov RI Dylla-Spears, Rebecca/H-5605-2012; Lujan Center, LANL/G-4896-2012; OI Kline, John/0000-0002-2271-9919 FU LLNL [DE-AC52-07NA27344]; Los Alamos National Laboratory [DE-AC52-06NA25396] FX Prepared by LLNL under Contract No. DE-AC52-07NA27344 and by Los Alamos National Laboratory under Contract No. DE-AC52-06NA25396. NR 18 TC 35 Z9 36 U1 1 U2 14 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD MAY PY 2012 VL 19 IS 5 AR 056316 DI 10.1063/1.3696743 PG 7 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 952YB UT WOS:000304831100102 ER PT J AU Spence, EJ Roach, AH Edlund, EM Sloboda, P Ji, H AF Spence, E. J. Roach, A. H. Edlund, E. M. Sloboda, P. Ji, H. TI Free magnetohydrodynamic shear layers in the presence of rotation and magnetic field SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID STEWARTSON LAYER; MAGNETOROTATIONAL INSTABILITY; SPHERICAL-SHELL; COUETTE-FLOW; PART 1; FLUID AB We present an experimental and numerical study of hydrodynamic and magnetohydrodynamic free shear layers and their stability. We first examine the experimental measurement of globally unstable hydrodynamic shear layers in the presence of rotation and their range of instability. These are compared to numerical simulations, which are used to explain the modification of the shear layer, and thus the critical Rossby number for stability. Magnetic fields are then applied to these scenarios and globally unstable magnetohydrodynamic shear layers generated. These too are compared to numerical simulations showing behavior consistent with the hydrodynamic case and previously reported measurements. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3702006] C1 [Spence, E. J.] Ctr Magnet Self Org Lab & Astrophys Plasmas, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Spence, EJ (reprint author), Ctr Magnet Self Org Lab & Astrophys Plasmas, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. EM ejspence@pppl.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy's Office of Sciences [DE-AC02-09CH11466]; U.S. National Science Foundation [AST-0607472, PHY-0821899]; U.S. National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) [APRA08-0066, ATP06-35] FX The authors gratefully thank C. Gissinger for useful discussions about these results. This work has been supported by the U.S. Department of Energy's Office of Sciences - Fusion Energy Sciences Program through contract number DE-AC02-09CH11466, the U.S. National Science Foundation under grant numbers AST-0607472 and PHY-0821899, and the U.S. National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) under grant numbers APRA08-0066 and ATP06-35. NR 33 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD MAY PY 2012 VL 19 IS 5 AR 056502 DI 10.1063/1.3702006 PG 7 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 952YB UT WOS:000304831100106 ER PT J AU Squire, J Qin, H Tang, WM AF Squire, J. Qin, H. Tang, W. M. TI Gauge properties of the guiding center variational symplectic integrator SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID SIMULATIONS; MECHANICS; SYSTEMS AB Variational symplectic algorithms have recently been developed for carrying out long-time simulation of charged particles in magnetic fields [H. Qin and X. Guan, Phys. Rev. Lett. 100, 035006 (2008); H. Qin, X. Guan, and W. Tang, Phys. Plasmas (2009); J. Li, H. Qin, Z. Pu, L. Xie, and S. Fu, Phys. Plasmas 18, 052902 (2011)]. As a direct consequence of their derivation from a discrete variational principle, these algorithms have very good long-time energy conservation, as well as exactly preserving discrete momenta. We present stability results for these algorithms, focusing on understanding how explicit variational integrators can be designed for this type of system. It is found that for explicit algorithms, an instability arises because the discrete symplectic structure does not become the continuous structure in the t -> 0 limit. We examine how a generalized gauge transformation can be used to put the Lagrangian in the "antisymmetric discretization gauge," in which the discrete symplectic structure has the correct form, thus eliminating the numerical instability. Finally, it is noted that the variational guiding center algorithms are not electromagnetically gauge invariant. By designing a model discrete Lagrangian, we show that the algorithms are approximately gauge invariant as long as A and phi are relatively smooth. A gauge invariant discrete Lagrangian is very important in a variational particle-in-cell algorithm where it ensures current continuity and preservation of Gauss's law [J. Squire, H. Qin, and W. Tang (to be published)]. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4714608] C1 [Squire, J.; Qin, H.; Tang, W. M.] Princeton Univ, Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. [Qin, H.] Univ Sci & Technol China, Dept Modern Phys, Hefei 230026, Anhui, Peoples R China. RP Squire, J (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. FU U.S. DOE [DE-AC02-09CH11466] FX This research is supported by U.S. DOE (DE-AC02-09CH11466). NR 19 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 9 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X EI 1089-7674 J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD MAY PY 2012 VL 19 IS 5 AR 052501 DI 10.1063/1.4714608 PG 7 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 952YB UT WOS:000304831100016 ER PT J AU Terry, PW Almagri, AF Fiksel, G Forest, CB Hatch, DR Jenko, F Nornberg, MD Prager, SC Rahbarnia, K Ren, Y Sarff, JS AF Terry, P. W. Almagri, A. F. Fiksel, G. Forest, C. B. Hatch, D. R. Jenko, F. Nornberg, M. D. Prager, S. C. Rahbarnia, K. Ren, Y. Sarff, J. S. TI Dissipation range turbulent cascades in plasmas SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID MAGNETIC-FIELD; SPECTRUM; CONDUCTIVITY; TEMPERATURE; NUMBERS; MODEL; FLOW AB Dissipation range cascades in plasma turbulence are described and spectra are formulated from the scaled attenuation in wavenumber space of the spectral energy transfer rate. This yields spectra characterized by the product of a power law and exponential fall-off, applicable to all scales. Spectral indices of the power law and exponential fall-off depend on the scaling of the dissipation, the strength of the nonlinearity, and nonlocal effects when dissipation rates of multiple fluctuation fields are different. The theory is used to derive spectra for MHD turbulence with magnetic Prandtl number greater than unity, extending previous work. The theory is also applied to generic plasma turbulence by considering the spectrum from damping with arbitrary wavenumber scaling. The latter is relevant to ion temperature gradient turbulence modeled by gyrokinetics. The spectrum in this case has an exponential component that becomes weaker at small scale, giving a power law asymptotically. Results from the theory are compared to three very different types of turbulence. These include the magnetic plasma turbulence of the Madison Symmetric Torus, the MHD turbulence of liquid metal in the Madison Dynamo Experiment, and gyrokinetic simulation of ion temperature gradient turbulence. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3698309] C1 [Terry, P. W.; Almagri, A. F.; Forest, C. B.; Nornberg, M. D.; Rahbarnia, K.; Sarff, J. S.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Ctr Magnet Self Org Lab & Astrophys Plasmas, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Fiksel, G.] Univ Rochester, Laser Energet Lab, Rochester, NY 13623 USA. [Hatch, D. R.; Jenko, F.] EURATOM, Max Planck Inst Plasmaphys, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Prager, S. C.; Ren, Y.] Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Terry, PW (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Ctr Magnet Self Org Lab & Astrophys Plasmas, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA. FU National Science Foundation; U.S. Department of Energy FX This work was supported by the National Science Foundation and the U.S. Department of Energy grants. Useful discussions with Fabian Waleffe and Stas Boldyrev are acknowledged. NR 38 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 9 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X EI 1089-7674 J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD MAY PY 2012 VL 19 IS 5 AR 055906 DI 10.1063/1.3698309 PG 10 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 952YB UT WOS:000304831100058 ER PT J AU Yin, L Albright, BJ Rose, HA Bowers, KJ Bergen, B Kirkwood, RK Hinkel, DE Langdon, AB Michel, P Montgomery, DS Kline, JL AF Yin, L. Albright, B. J. Rose, H. A. Bowers, K. J. Bergen, B. Kirkwood, R. K. Hinkel, D. E. Langdon, A. B. Michel, P. Montgomery, D. S. Kline, J. L. TI Trapping induced nonlinear behavior of backward stimulated Raman scattering in multi-speckled laser beams SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID ELECTRON-PLASMA WAVE; DECAY INSTABILITY; HOT-SPOTS; DRIVEN; BACKSCATTER; MODEL AB In inertial confinement fusion experiments, stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) occurs when electron density fluctuations are amplified resonantly by the incident laser beams and scattered light. These beams comprise several thousands of individual laser speckles. We have found in single-speckle studies that electron trapping lowers the threshold intensity for SRS onset to a value below that from linear theory and enhances scattering. The trapping-induced plasma-wave frequency shift leads to wave-front bowing and filamentation processes that saturate SRS and limit scattering within a speckle. With large-scale simulations, we have now examined how laser speckles interact with one another through three-dimensional (3D) particle-in-cell (PIC) simulations of two interacting speckles and 2D PIC simulations of ensembles of laser speckles (hundreds of speckles). Our work shows that kinetic trapping physics also governs the onset and saturation of SRS in ensembles of speckles. Speckles interact in a manner that is nonlinear and nonlocal: An intense speckle can destabilize its neighbors through transport of hot electrons and SRS waves, resulting in enhanced emission of particles and waves that, in turn, act upon the original speckle. In this manner, speckles below threshold when in isolation can be above the threshold in multi-speckled beams under conditions for laser-driven fusion experiments at the National Ignition Facility (NIF) and ensembles of speckles are thus found to collectively lower the SRS onset threshold. Simulations of the hohlraum interior where laser beams overlap show that multi-speckled laser beams at low average intensity (a few times 10(14) W/cm(2)) have correspondingly lower thresholds for enhanced SRS and that the sub-ps bursts of SRS saturate through trapping induced nonlinearities. Because of electron trapping effects, SRS reflectivity grows slowly with average laser intensity. While SRS reflectivity saturates under NIF conditions, SRS hot electron energy increases with increasing laser intensity and may contribute to capsule preheat. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3694673] C1 [Yin, L.; Albright, B. J.; Rose, H. A.; Bowers, K. J.; Bergen, B.; Montgomery, D. S.; Kline, J. L.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Kirkwood, R. K.; Hinkel, D. E.; Langdon, A. B.; Michel, P.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Yin, L (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM lyin@lanl.gov RI Michel, Pierre/J-9947-2012; OI Albright, Brian/0000-0002-7789-6525; Yin, Lin/0000-0002-8978-5320; Kline, John/0000-0002-2271-9919 FU U.S. Department of Energy by the Los Alamos National Security, LLC Los Alamos National Laboratory; DOE NNSA; LANL Directed Research and Development (LDRD) FX This work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by the Los Alamos National Security, LLC Los Alamos National Laboratory and was supported by DOE NNSA Funding for ICF and by the LANL Directed Research and Development (LDRD) Program for VPIC porting to Petaflop-Scale Computing platforms. VPIC simulations were run on ASC Roadrunner and Cielo. The authors acknowledge stimulating discussions with Dr. J. Moody, Dr. R. Berger, Dr. L. Divol, Dr. C. Thomas, Dr. J. C. Fernandez, Dr. J. A. Cobble, Dr. B. Afeyan, and thank Dr. P. Weber and Dr. J. Margulies for their assistance with the visualization of the 3D VPIC simulations. NR 56 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 2 U2 17 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X EI 1089-7674 J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD MAY PY 2012 VL 19 IS 5 AR 056304 DI 10.1063/1.3694673 PG 13 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 952YB UT WOS:000304831100090 ER PT J AU Yun, GS Lee, W Choi, MJ Lee, J Park, HK Domier, CW Luhmann, NC Tobias, B Donne, AJH Lee, JH Jeon, YM Yoon, SW AF Yun, G. S. Lee, W. Choi, M. J. Lee, J. Park, H. K. Domier, C. W. Luhmann, N. C., Jr. Tobias, B. Donne, A. J. H. Lee, J. H. Jeon, Y. M. Yoon, S. W. CA KSTAR Team TI Two-dimensional imaging of edge-localized modes in KSTAR plasmas unperturbed and perturbed by n=1 external magnetic fields SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID TRANSPORT; DYNAMICS; PEDESTAL; TOKAMAK AB The temporal evolution of edge-localized modes (ELMs) has been studied using a 2-D electron cyclotron emission imaging system in the KSTAR tokamak. The ELMs are observed to evolve in three distinctive stages: the initial linear growth of multiple filamentary structures having a net poloidal rotation, the interim state of regularly spaced saturated filaments, and the final crash through a short transient phase characterized by abrupt changes in the relative amplitudes and distance among filaments. The crash phase, typically consisted of multiple bursts of a single filament, involves a complex dynamics, poloidal elongation of the bursting filament, development of a fingerlike bulge, and fast localized burst through the finger. Substantial alterations of the ELM dynamics, such as mode number, poloidal rotation, and crash time scale, have been observed under external magnetic perturbations with the toroidal mode number n = 1. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3694842] C1 [Yun, G. S.; Lee, W.; Choi, M. J.; Lee, J.; Park, H. K.] Pohang Univ Sci & Technol, Pohang 790784, South Korea. [Domier, C. W.; Luhmann, N. C., Jr.] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Tobias, B.] Princeton Univ, Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. [Donne, A. J. H.] EURATOM, FOM, Inst Plasma Phys Rijnhuizen, NL-3430 BE Nieuwegein, Netherlands. [Donne, A. J. H.] Eindhoven Univ Technol, NL-5600 MB Eindhoven, Netherlands. [Lee, J. H.; Jeon, Y. M.; Yoon, S. W.] Natl Fus Res Inst, Taejon 305333, South Korea. RP Yun, GS (reprint author), Pohang Univ Sci & Technol, Pohang 790784, South Korea. FU NRF Korea; US DOE; Euratom-FOM association FX We thank Professor Steve Sabbagh and Dr. Young-Seok Park for providing the equilibrium flux surface reconstructions despite lack of appropriate kinetic profile measurements. We also thank Professor Patrick Diamond and Dr. Linda Sugiyama for providing theoretical and simulation perspectives on the ELM filament dynamics and Professor Paul Bellan for discussions on the magnetic reconnection physics in the context of ELM crashes. This work was performed under the auspices of the NRF Korea, the US DOE, and the Euratom-FOM association. NR 25 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 15 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD MAY PY 2012 VL 19 IS 5 AR 056114 DI 10.1063/1.3694842 PG 6 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 952YB UT WOS:000304831100074 ER PT J AU Zakharov, LE Galkin, SA Gerasimov, SN AF Zakharov, Leonid E. Galkin, Sergei A. Gerasimov, Sergei N. CA JET-EFDA Contributors TI Understanding disruptions in tokamaks SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID DIII-D TOKAMAK; HALO CURRENTS; TOROIDAL ASYMMETRY; MAGNETIC-FIELD; PLASMA; TRANSPORT; VESSEL; JET AB This paper describes progress achieved since 2007 in understanding disruptions in tokamaks, when the effect of plasma current sharing with the wall was introduced into theory. As a result, the toroidal asymmetry of the plasma current measurements during vertical disruption event (VDE) on the Joint European Torus was explained. A new kind of plasma equilibria and mode coupling was introduced into theory, which can explain the duration of the external kink 1/1 mode during VDE. The paper presents first results of numerical simulations using a free boundary plasma model, relevant to disruptions. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4705694] C1 [Zakharov, Leonid E.] Princeton Univ, PPPL, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. [Galkin, Sergei A.] FAR TECH Inc, San Diego, CA 92121 USA. [Gerasimov, Sergei N.; JET-EFDA Contributors] EURATOM CCFE Fus Assoc, Culham Sci Ctr, Abingdon OX14 3DB, Oxon, England. RP Zakharov, LE (reprint author), Princeton Univ, PPPL, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RI Gerasimov, Sergei/O-4881-2015 OI Gerasimov, Sergei/0000-0002-6249-2931 FU US DoE [DE-AC02-09-CH11466]; EURATOM FX This work is partially supported by US DoE Contract No. DE-AC02-09-CH11466. This work was also supported by EURATOM and carried out within the framework of the European Fusion Development Agreement. The views and opinions expressed herein do not necessarily reflect those of the European Commission. NR 36 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 1 U2 19 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD MAY PY 2012 VL 19 IS 5 AR 055703 DI 10.1063/1.4705694 PG 13 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 952YB UT WOS:000304831100052 ER PT J AU Wilson, A Gwizdala, M Mezzetti, A Alexandre, M Kerfeld, CA Kirilovsky, D AF Wilson, Adjele Gwizdala, Michal Mezzetti, Alberto Alexandre, Maxime Kerfeld, Cheryl A. Kirilovsky, Diana TI The Essential Role of the N-Terminal Domain of the Orange Carotenoid Protein in Cyanobacterial Photoprotection: Importance of a Positive Charge for Phycobilisome Binding SO PLANT CELL LA English DT Article ID SYNECHOCYSTIS PCC 6803; ENERGY-DISSIPATION; MECHANISM; LIGHT; RECOVERY; PCC-6803; MUTANTS AB Most cyanobacteria, under high light conditions, decrease the amount of energy arriving at the reaction centers by increasing thermal energy dissipation at the level of the phycobilisome, the extramembranous antenna. This mechanism is induced by photoactivation of the Orange Carotenoid Protein (OCP). To identify how the activated OCP interacts with phycobilisomes (PBs), several OCP mutants were constructed, and the influence of mutations on photoactivity, stability, and binding to PBs was characterized. The disruption of the salt bridge between Arg155 and Glu244, which stabilizes the interaction between the N- and C-terminal domains, increased the rate of photoactivity and the stability of the photoactivated OCP, suggesting that the activated OCP has an open structure with decreased interdomain interaction. Changing Glu244 to leucine had no effect on OCP binding to PBs. By contrast, substitution of Arg155 with a neutral or a negatively charged amino acid largely decreased OCP binding to the PBs, whereas substitution with a lysine slightly perturbed the interaction. These results strongly suggest that the surface of the N-terminal domain, containing the Arg155, interacts with the PB and that the positive charge of Arg155 plays a key role in photoprotection. C1 [Wilson, Adjele; Gwizdala, Michal; Mezzetti, Alberto; Alexandre, Maxime; Kirilovsky, Diana] CEA, Inst Biol & Technol Saclay, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Wilson, Adjele; Gwizdala, Michal; Kirilovsky, Diana] CNRS, UMR 8221, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Mezzetti, Alberto] Univ Lille 1 Sci & Technol, UMR 8516, Lab Spectrochim Infrarouge & Raman, F-59655 Villeneuve Dascq, France. [Alexandre, Maxime] Free Univ Amsterdam, Dept Phys & Astron, Fac Sci, NL-1081 HV Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Kerfeld, Cheryl A.] US DOE, Joint Genome Inst, Walnut Creek, CA 94598 USA. [Kerfeld, Cheryl A.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Kerfeld, Cheryl A.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley Synthet Biol Inst, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Kerfeld, Cheryl A.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Plant & Microbial Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Kirilovsky, D (reprint author), CEA, Inst Biol & Technol Saclay, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. EM diana.kirilovsky@cea.fr FU l'Agence Nationale de la Recherche; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique; Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique; HARVEST European Union Seventh Framework Programme Marie Curie Research Training Network; U.S. Department of Energy's Office of Science, Biological and Environmental Research Program; University of California; Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344]; National Science Foundation (Molecular and Cellular Biosciences) [0851070] FX We thank Sandrine Cot for technical assistance, Ghada Ajlani for the CK mutant, and Seth Axen for help with figure preparation. This article was supported by grants from l'Agence Nationale de la Recherche (program CYANOPROTECT) and from Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique, and HARVEST European Union Seventh Framework Programme Marie Curie Research Training Network. The work of C.A.K. is performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy's Office of Science, Biological and Environmental Research Program, and by the University of California, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory under contract number DE-AC02-05CH11231, and the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under contract number DE-AC52-07NA27344. C.A.K. also acknowledges support of the National Science Foundation (Molecular and Cellular Biosciences 0851070). NR 27 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 4 U2 21 PU AMER SOC PLANT BIOLOGISTS PI ROCKVILLE PA 15501 MONONA DRIVE, ROCKVILLE, MD 20855 USA SN 1040-4651 EI 1532-298X J9 PLANT CELL JI Plant Cell PD MAY PY 2012 VL 24 IS 5 BP 1972 EP 1983 DI 10.1105/tpc.112.096909 PG 12 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences; Cell Biology GA 970CJ UT WOS:000306105400022 PM 22634762 ER PT J AU Ebeida, MS Mitchell, SA Patney, A Davidson, AA Owens, JD AF Ebeida, Mohamed S. Mitchell, Scott A. Patney, Anjul Davidson, Andrew A. Owens, John D. TI A Simple Algorithm for Maximal Poisson-Disk Sampling in High Dimensions SO COMPUTER GRAPHICS FORUM LA English DT Article ID GENERATION; FRACTURE; POINTS AB We provide a simple algorithm and data structures for d-dimensional unbiased maximal Poisson-disk sampling. We use an order of magnitude less memory and time than the alternatives. Our results become more favorable as the dimension increases. This allows us to produce bigger samplings. Domains may be non-convex with holes. The generated point cloud is maximal up to round-off error. The serial algorithm is provably bias-free. For an output sampling of size n in fixed dimension d, we use a linear memory budget and empirical Theta(n) runtime. No known methods scale well with dimension, due to the "curse of dimensionality." The serial algorithm is practical in dimensions up to 5, and has been demonstrated in 6d. We have efficient GPU implementations in 2d and 3d. The algorithm proceeds through a finite sequence of uniform grids. The grids guide the dart throwing and track the remaining disk-free area. The top-level grid provides an efficient way to test if a candidate dart is disk-free. Our uniform grids are like quadtrees, except we delay splits and refine all leaves at once. Since the quadtree is flat it can be represented using very little memory: we just need the indices of the active leaves and a global level. Also it is very simple to sample from leaves with uniform probability. C1 [Ebeida, Mohamed S.; Mitchell, Scott A.] Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Patney, Anjul; Davidson, Andrew A.; Owens, John D.] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Ebeida, MS (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. FU U.S. DOE, Office of Advanced Scientific Computing Research, SC-21, SciDAC-e; Sandia's Computer Science Research Institute; SciDAC Institute for Ultrascale Visualization; National Science Foundation [CCF-1017399]; NVIDIA; Intel; Intel Science and Technology Center for Visual Computing; U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000] FX We are grateful to Gamito and Maddock for freely providing their software. The Sandia authors were funded by U.S. DOE, Office of Advanced Scientific Computing Research, SC-21, SciDAC-e, and supported by Sandia's Computer Science Research Institute. The UC Davis authors thank the SciDAC Institute for Ultrascale Visualization, the National Science Foundation (grant # CCF-1017399), NVIDIA and Intel Graduate Fellowships, and the Intel Science and Technology Center for Visual Computing for supporting this work.; Sandia National Laboratories is a multi-program laboratory managed and operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corporation, for the U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. NR 27 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0167-7055 J9 COMPUT GRAPH FORUM JI Comput. Graph. Forum PD MAY PY 2012 VL 31 IS 2 BP 785 EP 794 DI 10.1111/j.1467-8659.2012.03059.x PN 4 PG 10 WC Computer Science, Software Engineering SC Computer Science GA 971CY UT WOS:000306182500006 ER PT J AU Aad, G Abbott, B Abdallah, J Abdelalim, AA Abdesselam, A Abdinov, O Abi, B Abolins, M AbouZeid, OS Abramowicz, H Abreu, H Acerbi, E Acharya, BS Adamczyk, L Adams, DL Addy, TN Adelman, J Aderholz, M Adomeit, S Adragna, P Adye, T Aefsky, S Aguiar-Saavedra, JA Aharrouche, M Ahlen, SP Ahles, F Ahmad, A Ahsan, M Aielli, G Akdogan, T Akesson, TPA Akimoto, G Akimov, AV Akiyama, A Alam, MS Alam, MA Albert, J Albrand, S Aleksa, M Aleksandrov, IN Alessandria, F Alexa, C Alexander, G Alexandre, G Alexopoulos, T Alhroob, M Aliev, M Alimonti, G Alison, J Aliyev, M Allbrooke, BMM Allport, PP Allwood-Spiers, SE Almond, J Aloisio, A Alon, R Alonso, A Gonzalez, BA Alviggi, MG Amako, K Amaral, P Amelung, C Ammosov, VV Amorim, A Amoros, G Amram, N Anastopoulos, C Ancu, LS Andari, N Andeen, T Anders, CF Anders, G Anderson, KJ Andreazza, A Andrei, V Andrieux, ML Anduaga, XS Angerami, A Anghinolfi, F Anisenkov, A Anjos, N Annovi, A Antonaki, A Antonelli, M Antonov, A Antos, J Anulli, F Aoun, S Bella, LA Apollee, R Arabidze, G Aracena, I Arai, Y Arce, ATH Arfaoui, S Arguin, JF Arik, E Arik, M Armbruster, AJ Arnaez, O Arnault, C Artamonov, A Artoni, G Arutinov, D Asai, S Asfandiyarov, R Ask, S Asman, B Asquith, L Assamagan, K Astbury, A Astvatsatourov, A Aubert, B Auge, E Augsten, K Aurousseaua, M Avolio, G Avramidou, R Axen, D Ay, C Azuelos, G Azuma, Y Baak, MA Baccaglioni, G Bacci, C Bach, AM Bachacou, H Bachas, K Backes, M Backhaus, M Badescu, E Bagnaia, P Bahinipati, S Bai, Y Bailey, DC Bain, T Baines, JT Baker, OK Baker, MD Baker, S Banas, E Banerjee, P Banerjee, S Banfi, D Bangert, A Bansal, V Bansi, HS Barak, L Baranov, SP Barashkou, A Galtieri, AB Barber, T Barberio, EL Barberis, D Barbero, M Bardin, DY Barillari, T Barisonzi, M Barklow, T Barlow, N Barnett, BM Barnett, RM Baroncellia, A Barone, G Barr, AJ Barreiro, F da Costa, JBG Barrillon, P Bartoldus, R Barton, AE Bartsch, V Bates, RL Batkova, L Batley, JR Battaglia, A Battistin, M Bauer, F Bawa, HS Beale, S Beau, T Beauchemin, PH Beecherle, R Bechtle, P Beck, HP Becker, S Beckingham, M Becks, KH Beddall, AJ Beddall, A Bedikian, S Bednyakov, VA Bee, CP Begel, M Harpaz, SB Behera, PK Beimforde, M Belanger-Champagne, C Bell, PJ Bell, WH Bella, G Bellagamba, L Bellina, F Bellomo, M Belloni, A Beloborodova, O Belotskiy, K Beltramello, O Ben Ami, S Benary, O Benchekroun, D Benchouk, C Bendel, M Benekos, N Benhammou, Y Noccioli, EB Garcia, JAB Benjamin, DP Benoit, M Bensinger, JR Benslama, K Bentvelsen, S Berge, D Kuutmann, EB Berger, N Berghaus, F Berglund, E Beringer, J Bernat, P Bernhard, R Bernius, C Berry, T Bertella, C Bertin, A Bertinelli, F Bertolucci, F Besana, MI Besson, N Bethke, S Bhimji, W Bianchi, RM Bianco, M Biebel, O Bieniek, SP Bierwagen, K Biesiada, J Bigietti, M Bilokon, H Bindi, M Binet, S Bingul, A Bini, C Biscarat, C Bitenc, U Black, KM Bair, RE Blanchard, JB Banchot, G Blazek, T Blocker, C Blocki, J Blondel, A Blum, W Blumenschein, U Bobbink, GJ Bobrovnikov, VB Bocchetta, SS Bocci, A Boddy, CR Boehler, M Boek, J Boelaert, N Bogaerts, JA Bogdanchikov, A Bogouch, A Bohm, C Boisvert, V Bold, T Boldea, V Bolnet, NM Bona, M Bondarenko, VG Bondioli, M Boonekamp, M Booth, CN Bordoni, S Borer, C Borisov, A Borissov, G Borjanovic, I Borri, M Borroni, S Bortolotto, V Bos, K Boscherini, D Bosman, M Boterenbrood, H Botterill, D Bouchami, J Boudreau, J Bouhova-Thacker, EV Boumediene, D Bourdarios, C Bousson, N Boveia, A Boyd, J Boyko, IR Bozhko, NI Bozovic-Jelisavcic, I Bracinik, J Braem, A Branchini, P Brandenburg, GW Brandt, A Brandt, G Brandt, O Bratzler, U Brau, B Brau, JE Braun, HM Brelier, B Bremer, J Brenner, R Bressler, S Breton, D Britton, D Brochu, FM Brock, I Brock, R Brodbeck, TJ Brodet, E Broggi, F Bromberg, C Bronner, J Brooijmans, G Brooks, WK Brown, G Brown, H de Renstrom, PAB Bruncko, D Bruneliere, R Brunet, S Bruni, A Bruni, G Bruschi, M Buanes, T Buat, Q Bucci, F Buchanan, J Buchanan, NJ Buchholz, P Buckingham, RM Buckley, AG Buda, SI Budagov, IA Budick, B Buescher, V Bugge, L Bulekov, O Bunse, M Buran, T Burckhart, H Burdin, S Burgess, T Burke, S Busato, E Bussey, P Buszello, CP Butin, F Butler, B Butler, JM Buttar, CM Butterworth, JM Buttinger, W Urban, SC Caforio, D Cakira, O Calafiura, P Calderini, G Calfayan, P Calkins, R Caloba, LP Caloi, R Calvet, D Calvet, S Toro, RC Camarri, P Cambiaghi, M Cameron, D Caminada, LM Campana, S Campanelli, M Canale, V Canelli, F Canepa, A Cantero, J Capasso, L Garrido, MDMC Caprinia, I Caprini, M Capriotti, D Capua, M Caputo, R Caramarcu, C Cardarelli, R Carli, T Carlino, G Carminati, L Caron, B Caron, S Montoya, CDC Carter, AA Carter, JR Carvalho, J Casadei, D Casado, MP Cascella, M Caso, C Hernandez, AMC Castaneda-Miranda, E Gimenez, VC Castro, NF Cataldi, G Cataneo, F Catinaccio, A Catmore, JR Cattai, A Cattani, G Caughron, S Cauz, D Cavalleri, P Cavalli, D Cavalli-Sforza, M Cavasinni, V Ceradini, F Cerqueira, AS Cerri, A Cerrito, L Cerutti, F Cetin, SA Cevenini, F Chafaq, A Chakraborty, D Chan, K Chapleau, B Chapman, JD Chapman, JW Chareyre, E Charlton, DC Chavda, V Barajas, CAC Cheatham, S Chekanov, S Chekulaev, SV Chelkov, GA Chelstowska, MA Chen, C Chen, H Chen, S Chen, T Chen, X Cheng, S Cheplakov, A Chepurnov, VF El Moursli, RC Chernyatin, V Cheu, E Cheung, SL Chevalier, L Chiefari, G Chikovani, L Childers, JT Chilingarov, A Chiodini, G Chisholm, AS Chizhov, MV Choudalakis, G Chouridou, S Christidi, IA Christov, A Chromek-Burckhart, D Chu, ML Chudoba, J Ciapettia, G Ciba, K Ciftci, AK Ciftci, R Cinca, D Cindro, V Ciobotaru, MD Ciocca, C Ciocio, A Cirilli, M Citterio, M Ciubancan, M Clark, A Clark, PJ Cleland, W Clemens, JC Clement, B Clement, C Clifft, RW Coadou, Y Cobal, M Coccaro, A Cochran, J Coe, P Cogan, JG Coggeshall, J Cogneras, E Colas, J Colijn, AP Collins, NJ Collins-Tooth, C Collot, J Colon, G Muino, PC Coniavitis, E Conidi, MC Consonni, M Consorti, V Constantinescu, S Conta, C Conventi, F Cook, J Cooke, M Cooper, BD Cooper-Sarkar, AM Copic, K Cornelissen, T Corradi, M Corriveau, F Cortes-Gonzalez, A Cortiana, G Costa, G Costa, MJ Costanzo, D Costin, T Cote, D Torresa, RC Courneyea, L Cowan, G Cowden, C Cox, BE Cranmer, K Crescioli, F Cristinziani, M Crosetti, G Crupi, R Crepe-Renaudin, S Cuciuc, CM Almenar, CC Donszelmann, TC Curatolo, M Curtis, CJ Cuthbert, C Cwetanski, P Czirri, H Czodrowski, P Czyczula, Z D'Auria, S D'Onofrio, M D'Orazio, A Da Silvaa, PVM Da Via, C Dabrowski, W Dai, T Dallapiccola, C Dam, M Dameri, M Damiani, DS Danielsson, HO Dannheim, D Dao, V Darbo, G Darlea, GL Davey, W Davidek, T Davidson, N Davidson, R Davies, E Davies, M Davison, AR Davygora, Y Dawe, E Dawson, I Dawson, JW Daya-Ishmukhametova, RK De, K de Asmundis, R De Castro, S Salgado, PEDF De Cecco, S de Graat, J De Groot, N de Jong, P De La Taille, C De la 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Zemla, A. Zendler, C. Zenin, O. Zenis, T. Zinonos, Z. Zenz, S. Zerwas, D. della Porta, G. Zevi Zhan, Z. Zhang, D. Zhang, H. Zhang, J. Zhang, X. Zhang, Z. Zhao, L. Zhao, T. Zhao, Z. Zhemchugov, A. Zheng, S. Zhong, J. Zhou, B. Zhou, N. Zhou, Y. Zhu, C. G. Zhu, H. Zhu, J. Zhu, Y. Zhuang, X. Zhuravlov, V. Zieminska, D. Zimmermann, R. Zimmermann, S. Zimmermann, S. Ziolkowski, M. Zitoun, R. Zivkovic, L. Zmouchko, V. V. Zobernig, G. Zoccoli, A. Zolnierowski, Y. Zsenei, A. zur Nedden, M. Zutshi, V. Zwalinski, L. Ohsugi, T. CA ATLAS Collaboration TI Measurement of inclusive two-particle angular correlations in pp collisions with the ATLAS detector at the LHC SO JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Hadron-Hadron Scattering ID CROSS-SECTIONS; ENERGIES; MODEL AB We present a measurement of two-particle angular correlations in proton-proton collisions at root s = 900 GeV and 7 TeV. The collision events were collected during 2009 and 2010 with the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider using a single-arm minimum bias trigger. Correlations are measured for charged particles produced in the kinematic range of transverse momentum p(T) > 100 MeV and pseudorapidity vertical bar eta vertical bar < 2.5. A complex structure in pseudorapidity and azimuth is observed at both collision energies. Results are compared to PYTHIA 8 and HERWIG++ as well as to the AMBT2B, DW and Perugia 2011 tunes of PYTHIA 6. The data are not satisfactorily described by any of these models. C1 [Aad, G.; Ahles, F.; Barber, T.; Bernhard, R.; Bitenc, U.; Bruneliere, R.; Christov, A.; Consorti, V.; Fehling-Kaschek, M.; Flech, M.; Glatzer, J.; Hartert, J.; Herten, G.; Horner, S.; Jakobs, K.; Kollefrath, M.; Kononov, A. I.; Kuehn, S.; Lai, S.; Landgraf, U.; Lohwasser, K.; Ludwig, I.; Ludwig, J.; Lumb, D.; Mahboubi, K.; Mohr, W.; Nilsen, H.; Parzefall, U.; Rammensee, M.; Rave, T. 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[Boumediene, D.; Busato, E.; Calvet, D.; Calvet, S.; Toro, R. Camacho; Cinca, D.; Donini, J.; Febbraro, R.; Ghodbane, N.; Guicheney, C.; Liao, H.; Pallin, D.; Paredes Hernandez, D.; Podlyski, F.; Santoni, C.; Says, L. P.; Vazeille, F.] Univ Clermont Ferrand, Aubiere, France. [Boumediene, D.; Busato, E.; Calvet, D.; Calvet, S.; Toro, R. Camacho; Cinca, D.; Donini, J.; Febbraro, R.; Ghodbane, N.; Guicheney, C.; Liao, H.; Pallin, D.; Paredes Hernandez, D.; Podlyski, F.; Santoni, C.; Says, L. P.; Vazeille, F.] CNRS, IN2P3, Aubiere, France. [Andeen, T.; Angerami, A.; Brooijmans, G.; Dodd, J.; Grau, N.; Guo, J.; Hughes, E. W.; Leltchouk, M.; Nikiforou, N.; Parsons, J. A.; Penson, A.; Perez, K.; Perez Reale, V.; Scherzer, M. I.; Thompson, E. N.; Tian, F.; Tuts, P. M.; Urbaniec, D.; Williams, E.; Willis, W.; Wulf, E.; Zivkovic, L.] Columbia Univ, Nevis Lab, Irvington, NY USA. [Boelaert, N.; Dam, M.; Driouichi, C.; Gregersen, K.; Hansen, J. R.; Hansen, J. B.; Hansen, J. D.; Hansen, P. 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[Bunse, M.; Goessling, C.; Hirsch, F.; Jung, C. A.; Klaiber-Lodewigs, J.; Klingenberg, R.; Reisinger, I.; Wabersloh, J.; Wunstorf, R.] Tech Univ Dortmund, Inst Expt Phys 4, Dortmund, Germany. [Czodrowski, P.; Friedrich, F.; Goepfert, T.; Kar, D.; Kobe, M.; Leonhardt, K.; Ludwig, A.; Mader, W. F.; Morgenstern, M.; Prudent, X.; Rudolph, C.; Schwierz, R.; Seifert, F.; Steinbach, P.; Straessner, A.; Vest, A.] Tech Univ Dresden, Inst Kern & Teilchenphys, D-01062 Dresden, Germany. [Arce, A. T. H.; Benjamin, D. P.; Bocci, A.; Ebenstein, W. L.; Fowler, A. J.; Ko, B. R.; Kotwal, A.; Oh, S. H.; Wang, C.; Yamaoka, J.] Duke Univ, Dept Phys, Durham, NC 27706 USA. [Bhimji, W.; Buckley, A. G.; Clark, P. J.; Debenedetti, C.; Harrington, R. D.; Martin, V. J.; O'Brien, B. J.; Selbach, K. E.; Smart, B. H.; Wynne, B. M.] Univ Edinburgh, SUPA, Sch Phys & Astron, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland. [Pasztor, G.] Fachhsch Wiener Neustadt, A-2700 Wiener Neustadt, Austria. 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Ferretto; Gagliardi, G.; Gemme, C.; Morettini, P.; Oseulati, B.; Parodi, F.; Passaggio, S.; Rossi, L. P.; Schiavi, C.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Genova, I-16146 Genoa, Italy. [Chikovani, L.; Tskhadadze, E. G.] Tbilisi State Univ, E Andronikashvili Inst Phys, GE-380086 Tbilisi, Rep of Georgia. [Djobava, T.; Khubua, J.; Mchedlidze, G.; Mosidze, M.] Tbilisi State Univ, Inst High Energy Phys, GE-380086 Tbilisi, Rep of Georgia. [Astvatsatourov, A.; Dueren, M.; Stenzel, H.] Univ Giessen, Inst Phys 2, D-6300 Giessen, Germany. [Allwood-Spiers, S. E.; Bates, R. L.; Britton, D.; Bussey, P.; Buttar, C. M.; Collins-Tooth, C.; D'Auria, S.; Doherty, T.; Doyle, A. T.; Edwards, N. C.; Ferrag, S.; Ferrando, J.; de Lima, D. E. Ferreira; Gemmell, A.; Kenyon, M.; McGlone, H.; Moraes, A.; O'Shea, V.; Oropeza Barrera, C.; Robson, A.; Saxon, D. H.; Smith, K. M.; St Denis, R. D.; Steele, G.; Thompson, A. S.; Wraight, K.; Wright, C.; Wright, M.] Univ Glasgow, Sch Phys & Astron, SUPA, Glasgow, Lanark, Scotland. [Ay, C.; Bierwagen, K.; Blumenschein, U.; Brandt, O.; Erdmann, J.; Evangelakou, D.; George, M.; Grosse-Knetter, J.; Guindon, S.; Haller, J.; Hamer, M.; Henrichs, A.; Hensel, C.; Keil, M.; Knue, A.; Kohn, F.; Krieger, N.; Kroeninger, K.; Lemmer, B.; Magradze, E.; Mann, A.; Meyer, J.; Morel, J.; Quadt, A.; Roe, A.; Serkin, L.; Shabalina, E.; Uhrmacher, M.; Weber, P.; Weingarten, J.] Univ Gottingen, Inst Phys 2, Gottingen, Germany. [Albrand, S.; Andrieux, M-L.; Buat, Q.; Clement, B.; Collot, J.; Delemontex, T.; Delsart, P. A.; Genest, M. H.; Hostachy, J-Y.; Laisne, E.; Ledroit-Guillon, F.; Lleres, A.; Lucotte, A.; Malek, F.; Martin, Ph.; Polci, F.; Stark, J.; Sun, X.; Trocme, B.; Wang, J.; Weydert, C.] Univ Grenoble 1, Lab Phys Subatom & Cosmol, Grenoble, France. [Albrand, S.; Andrieux, M-L.; Buat, Q.; Clement, B.; Collot, J.; Delemontex, T.; Delsart, P. A.; Genest, M. 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[Epp, B.; Jussel, P.; Kneringer, E.; Kuhn, D.; Rudolph, G.] Leopold Franzens Univ, Inst Astro & Teilchenphys, Innsbruck, Austria. [Behera, P. K.; Limper, M.; Mallik, U.; Pylypchenko, Y.; Zaidan, R.] Univ Iowa, Iowa City, IA USA. [Chen, C.; Cochran, J.; Dudziak, F.; Krumnack, N.; Mete, A. S.; Meyer, W. T.; Prell, S.; Rosenberg, E. I.; Ruiz-Martinez, A.; Shrestha, S.; Yamamoto, K.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA USA. [Aleksandrov, I. N.; Barashkou, A.; Bardin, D. Y.; Bednyakov, V. A.; Boyko, I. R.; Budagov, I. A.; Chelkov, G. A.; Cheplakov, A.; Chepurnov, V. F.; Chizhov, M. V.; Dedovich, D. V.; Demichev, M.; Glonti, G. L.; Gostkin, M. I.; Grigalashvili, N.; Gusakov, Y.; Huseynov, N.; Kalinovskaya, L. V.; Kazarinov, M. Y.; Kekelidze, C. D.; Kharchenko, D.; Khovanskiy, N.; Khramov, E.; Kolesnikov, V.; Kotov, V. M.; Kruchonak, U.; Krumshteyn, Z. V.; Kukhtin, V.; Ladygin, E.; Lazarev, A. B.; Manjavidze, I. D.; Minashvili, I. A.; Mineev, M.; Nikolaev, K.; Olchevski, A. 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[Ishino, M.; Sasao, N.; Sumida, T.] Kyoto Univ, Fac Sci, Kyoto, Japan. [Takashima, R.] Kyoto Univ, Kyoto 612, Japan. [Anduaga, X. S.; Dova, M. T.; Monticelli, F.; Tripiana, M. F.] Univ Nacl La Plata, Inst Fis La Plata, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina. [Anduaga, X. S.; Dova, M. T.; Monticelli, F.; Tripiana, M. F.] Consejo Nacl Invest Cient & Tecn, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina. [Barton, A. E.; Borissov, G.; Bouhova-Thacker, E. V.; Brodbeck, T. J.; Chilingarov, A.; Davidson, R.; de Mora, L.; Dearnaley, W. J.; Fox, H.; Henderson, R. C. W.; Hughes, G.; Jones, R. W. L.; Kartvelishvili, V.; Long, R. E.; Love, P. A.; Ratoff, P. N.; Smizanska, M.] Univ Lancaster, Dept Phys, Lancaster, England. [Bianco, M.; Crupi, R.; Gorini, E.; Guida, A.; Spagnolo, S.; Ventura, A.] Univ Salento, Dipartimento Fis, Lecce, Italy. [Bianco, M.; Cataldi, G.; Chiodini, G.; Crupi, R.; Gorini, E.; Grancagnolo, F.; Guida, A.; Perrino, R.; Primavera, M.; Spagnolo, S.; Ventura, A.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Lecce, I-73100 Lecce, Italy. [Allport, P. P.; Burdin, S.; D'Onofrio, M.; Dervan, P.; Greenshaw, T.; Gwilliam, C. B.; Hayward, H. S.; Houlden, M. A.; Jackson, J. N.; Jones, T. J.; King, B. T.; Klein, M.; Klein, U.; Kluge, T.; Kretzschmar, J.; Laycock, P.; Maxfield, S. J.; Mehta, A.; Migas, S.; Price, J.; Sellers, G.; Vossebeld, J. H.; Waller, P.; Wrona, B.] Univ Liverpool, Oliver Lodge Lab, Liverpool L69 3BX, Merseyside, England. [Cindro, V.; Deliyergiyev, M.; Doenc, I.; Filipcic, A.; Gorisek, A.; Kersevan, B. P.; Kramberger, G.; Maeek, B.; Mandic, I.; Mikuz, M.; Tykhonov, A.] Univ Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia. [Cindro, V.; Deliyergiyev, M.; Doenc, I.; Filipcic, A.; Gorisek, A.; Kersevan, B. P.; Kramberger, G.; Maeek, B.; Mandic, I.; Mikuz, M.; Tykhonov, A.] Jozef Stefan Inst, Dept Phys, Ljubljana, Slovenia. [Adragna, P.; Bona, M.; Carter, A. A.; Cerrito, L.; Eisenhandler, E.; Ellis, K.; Goddard, J. R.; Landon, M. P. J.; Lloyd, S. L.; Morin, J.; Morris, J. D.; Piccaro, E.; Poll, J.; Rizvi, E.; Stevenson, K.; Castanheira, M. Teixeira Dias; Wiglesworth, C.] Queen Mary Univ London, Sch Phys & Astron, London, England. [Baker, S.; Bernat, P.; Bieniek, S. P.; Butterworth, J. M.; Campanelli, M.; Christidi, I. A.; Cooper, B. D.; Davison, A. R.; Dean, S.; Hesketh, G. G.; Jansen, E.; Jones, T. W.; Konstantinidis, N.; Monk, J.; Nash, M.; Nurse, E.; Prabhu, R.; Richards, A.; Robinson, J. E. M.; Sherwood, P.; Simmons, B.; Taylor, C.; Waugh, B. M.; Wijeratne, P. A.] UCL, Dept Phys & Astron, London, England. [Beau, T.; Bordoni, S.; Calderini, G.; Cavalleri, P.; Chareyre, E.; De Cecco, S.; Derue, F.; Krasny, M. W.; Kuna, M.; Lacour, D.; Laforge, B.; Laplace, S.; Le Dortz, O.; Marchiori, G.; Nikolic-Audit, I.; Ocariz, J.; Ridel, M.; Roos, L.; Schwemling, Ph.; Theveneaux-Pelzer, T.; Torres, H.; Trincaz-Duvoid, S.; Trinh, T. N.; Vannucci, F.; Yuan, L.] UPMC, Lab Phys Nucl & Hautes Energies, Paris, France. [Beau, T.; Bordoni, S.; Calderini, G.; Cavalleri, P.; Chareyre, E.; De Cecco, S.; Derue, F.; Krasny, M. W.; Kuna, M.; Lacour, D.; Laforge, B.; Laplace, S.; Le Dortz, O.; Marchiori, G.; Nikolic-Audit, I.; Ocariz, J.; Ridel, M.; Roos, L.; Schwemling, Ph.; Theveneaux-Pelzer, T.; Torres, H.; Trincaz-Duvoid, S.; Trinh, T. N.; Vannucci, F.; Yuan, L.] Univ Paris Diderot, Paris, France. [Beau, T.; Bordoni, S.; Calderini, G.; Cavalleri, P.; Chareyre, E.; De Cecco, S.; Derue, F.; Krasny, M. W.; Kuna, M.; Lacour, D.; Laforge, B.; Laplace, S.; Le Dortz, O.; Marchiori, G.; Nikolic-Audit, I.; Ocariz, J.; Ridel, M.; Roos, L.; Schwemling, Ph.; Theveneaux-Pelzer, T.; Torres, H.; Trincaz-Duvoid, S.; Trinh, T. N.; Vannucci, F.; Yuan, L.] CNRS, IN2P3, Paris, France. [Akesson, T. P. A.; Alonso, A.; Bocchetta, S. S.; Floderus, A.; Hawkins, A. D.; Hedberg, V.; Jarlskog, G.; Lundberg, B.; Lytken, E.; Meirose, B.; Mjornmark, J. U.; Rose, M.; Smirnova, O.] Lund Univ, Inst Fys, Lund, Sweden. [Barreiro, F.; Cantero, J.; De la Torre, H.; Del Peso, J.; Glasman, C.; Labarga, L.; Lagouri, T.; Llorente Merino, J.; March, L.; Nebot, E.; Terron, J.] Univ Autonoma Madrid, Dept Fis Teor, Madrid, Spain. [Aharrouche, M.; Arnaez, O.; Bendel, M.; Blum, W.; Buescher, V.; Caputo, R.; Eckweiler, S.; Ellinghaus, F.; Ertel, E.; Fiedler, F.; Fleckner, J.; Goeringer, C.; Handel, C.; Hohlfeld, M.; Hsu, P. J.; Ji, W.; Kawamura, G.; Kleinknecht, K.; Koenig, S.; Koepke, L.; Lungwitz, M.; Masetti, L.; Meyer, C.; Moreno, D.; Mueller, T.; Neusiedl, A.; Sander, H. G.; Schaefer, U.; Schmitt, C.; Schroeder, C.; Tapprogge, S.] Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, D-6500 Mainz, Germany. [Almond, J.; Borri, M.; Brown, G.; Chavda, V.; Cox, B. E.; Da Via, C.; Duerdoth, I. P.; Foster, J. M.; Howarth, J.; Hughes-Jones, R. E.; Ibbotson, M.; Klinger, J. A.; Kolya, S. D.; Lane, J. L.; Loebinger, F. K.; Marshall, R.; Marx, M.; Masik, J.; Neep, T. J.; Oh, A.; Owen, M.; Pater, J. R.; Pilkington, A. D.; Schwanenberger, C.; Show, S. W.; Watts, S.; Yang, U. K.] Univ Manchester, Sch Phys & Astron, Manchester, Lancs, England. [Aoun, S.; Bee, C. P.; Benchouk, C.; Bertella, C.; Bousson, N.; Clemens, J. C.; Coadou, Y.; Djama, F.; Etienne, F.; Feligioni, L.; Henry-Couannier, F.; Hoffmann, D.; Hubaut, F.; Knoops, E. B. F. G.; Le Guirriec, E.; Li, B.; Maurer, J.; Monnier, E.; Odier, J.; Pralavorio, P.; Qian, Z.; Rozanov, A.; Talby, M.; Tannoury, N.; Tisserant, S.; Toth, J.; Vacavant, L.] Aix Marseille Univ, CPPM, Marseille, France. [Aoun, S.; Bee, C. P.; Benchouk, C.; Bertella, C.; Bousson, N.; Clemens, J. C.; Coadou, Y.; Djama, F.; Etienne, F.; Feligioni, L.; Henry-Couannier, F.; Hoffmann, D.; Hubaut, F.; Knoops, E. B. F. G.; Le Guirriec, E.; Li, B.; Maurer, J.; Monnier, E.; Odier, J.; Pralavorio, P.; Qian, Z.; Rozanov, A.; Talby, M.; Tannoury, N.; Tisserant, S.; Toth, J.; Vacavant, L.] CNRS, IN2P3, Marseille, France. [Brau, B.; Colon, G.; Dallapiccola, C.; Meade, A.; Moyse, E. J. W.; Pais, P.; Pueschel, E.; van Eldik, N.; Willeq, S.; Woudstra, M. J.] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Phys, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. [Belanger-Champagne, C.; Caron, B.; Chapleau, B.; Cheatham, S.; Corriveau, F.; Dobbs, M.; Dufour, M-A.; Guler, H.; Klemetti, M.; Robertson, S. H.; Rios, C. Santamarina; Schram, M.; Stockton, M. C.; Vachon, B.; Warburton, A.] McGill Univ, Dept Phys, Montreal, PQ, Canada. [Barberio, E. L.; Davidson, N.; Diglio, S.; Forti, A.; Kubota, T.; Limosani, A.; Moorhead, C. F.; Hanninger, G. Nunes; Phan, A.; Sevior, M. E.; Shao, Q. T.; Taylor, G. N.; Volpi, M.; White, M. J.] Univ Melbourne, Sch Phys, Melbourne, Vic 3010, Australia. [Armbruster, A. J.; Borroni, S.; Chapman, J. W.; Cirilli, M.; Dai, T.; Diehl, E. B.; Eppig, A.; Ferretti, C.; Goldfarb, S.; Harper, D.; Levin, D.; Li, X.; Liu, H.; Liu, J. B.; Mc Kee, S. P.; Neal, H. A.; Panikashvili, N.; Purdham, J.; Qian, J.; Scheirich, D.; Thun, R. P.; Walch, S.; Wilson, A.; Wooden, G.; Wu, Y.; Yang, H.; Zhou, B.; Zhu, J.] Univ Michigan, Dept Phys, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Alvarez Gonzalez, B.; Arabidze, G.; Brock, R.; Bromberg, C.; Caughron, S.; Edmonds, K.; Fedorko, W.; Hauser, R.; Holzbauer, J. L.; Huston, J.; Koll, J.; Kraus, J.; Linnemann, J. T.; Mangeard, P. S.; Martin, B.; Miller, R. J.; Pope, B. G.; Ryan, P.; Schwienhorst, R.; Stelzer, H. J.; Tollefson, K.; Zhang, H.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Andreazza, A.; Besana, M. I.; Carminati, L.; Fanti, M.; Favareto, A.; Montesanoab, S.; Pizio, C.; Ragusa, F.; Rivoltella, G.; Vegni, G.] Univ Milan, Dipartimento Fis, Milan, Italy. [Alessandria, F.; Alimonti, G.; Andreazza, A.; Baccaglioni, G.; Besana, M. I.; Broggi, F.; Carminati, L.; Cavalli, D.; Citterio, M.; Costa, G.; Fanti, M.; Favareto, A.; Giugni, D.; Koetsoua, I.; Laria, T.; Mandelli, L.; Mazzanti, M.; Montesanoab, S.; Perini, L.; Pizio, C.; Ragusa, F.; Resconi, S.; Rivoltella, G.; Tartarelli, C. F.; Troncon, C.; Turra, R.; Vegni, G.; Volpini, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Milano, I-20133 Milan, Italy. [Bogouch, A.; Harkusha, S.; Kulchitsky, Y.; Kurochkin, Y. A.; Satsounkevitch, I.; Tsiareshka, P. V.] Natl Acad Sci Belarus, BI Stepanov Phys Inst, Minsk, Byelarus. [Gilewsky, V.; Rumiantsev, V.; Starovoitov, P.; Yanush, S.] Natl Sci & Educ Ctr Particle & High Energy Phys, Minsk, Byelarus. [Taylor, F. E.] MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Azuelos, G.; Banerjee, P.; Bouchami, J.; Davies, M.; Ferland, J.; Giunta, M.; Lebel, C.; Leroy, C.; Goia, J. A. Macana; Martin, J. P.; Mehdiyev, R.; Scallon, O.] Univ Montreal, Grp Particle Phys, Montreal, PQ, Canada. [Akimov, A. V.; Baranov, S. P.; Gavrilenko, I. L.; Komar, A. A.; Mashinistov, R.; Mouraviev, S. V.; Nechaeva, P. Yu.; Shmeleva, A.; Snesarev, A. A.; Succurro, A.; Sulin, V. V.; Tikhomirov, V. O.] Acad Sci, PN Lebedev Phys Inst, Moscow, Russia. [Artamonov, A.; Gorbounov, P. A.; Khovanskiy, V.; Shatalov, P. B.; Tsukerman, I. I.] Inst Theoret & Expt Phys, Moscow 117259, Russia. [Antonov, A.; Belotskiy, K.; Bondarenko, V. G.; Bulekov, O.; Dolgoshein, B. A.; Kantserov, V. A.; Khodinov, A.; Morozov, S. V.; Romaniouk, A.; Shulga, E.; Smirnov, S. Yu.; Smirnov, Y.; Soldatov, E.; Timoshenko, S.] Moscow Engn & Phys Inst, Moscow, Russia. [Gladilin, L. K.; Grishkevich, Y. V.; Kramarenko, V. A.; Rud, V. I.; Sivoklokov, S. Yu.; Smirnova, L. N.] Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Skobeltsyn Inst Nucl Phys, Moscow, Russia. [Adomeit, S.; Beale, S.; Becker, S.; Biebel, O.; Calfayan, P.; de Graat, J.; Duckeck, G.; Ebke, J.; Elmsheuser, J.; Engl, A.; Galea, C.; Heller, C.; Hertenberger, R.; Kennedy, J.; Kummer, C.; Legger, F.; Lichtnecker, M.; Lorenz, J.; Mameghani, R.; Mueller, T. A.; Nunnemann, T.; Oakes, L. B.; Rauscher, F.; Reznicek, P.; Ruckert, B.; Sanders, M. P.; Schaile, D.; Schieck, J.; Serfon, C.; Staude, A.; Vladoiu, D.; Walker, R.; Will, J. Z.; Zhuang, X.] Univ Munich, Fak Phys, Munich, Germany. [Aderholz, M.; Barillari, T.; Beimforde, M.; Bethke, S.; Bronner, J.; Capriotti, D.; Cortiana, G.; Dannheim, D.; Dubbert, J.; Ehrich, T.; Flowerdew, M. J.; Giovannini, P.; Goettfert, T.; Groh, M.; Haefner, P.; Hauff, D.; Jantsch, A.; Kaiser, S.; Kiryunin, A. E.; Kluth, S.; Kortner, O.; Kortner, S.; Kotov, S.; Kroha, H.; Lutz, G.; Macchiolo, A.; Manz, A.; Menke, S.; Mohrdieck-Mock, S.; Moser, H. G.; Nagel, M.; Nisius, R.; Oberlack, H.; Pospelov, G. E.; Potrap, I. N.; Richter, R.; Salihagic, D.; Sandstroem, R.; Schacht, P.; Seuster, R.; Stern, S.; Stonjek, S.; Vanadia, M.; von der Schmitt, H.; Von Loeben, J.; Weigell, P.; Zhuravlov, V.] Werner Heisenberg Inst, Max Planck Inst Phys, Munich, Germany. [Shimojima, M.; Tanaka, Y.] Nagasaki Inst Appl Sci, Nagasaki, Japan. [Hasegawa, S.; Morvaj, L.; Ohshima, T.; Okumura, Y.; Raas, M.; Shichi, H.; Sugimoto, T.; Takahashi, Y.; Tomoto, M.; Wakabayashi, J.] Nagoya Univ, Grad Sch Sci, Nagoya, Aichi 4648601, Japan. [Aloisio, A.; Alviggi, M. G.; Canale, V.; Capasso, L.; Cevenini, F.; Chiefari, G.; della Volpe, D.; Giordano, R.; Merola, L.; Musto, E.; Patricelli, S.; Sanchez, A.] Univ Naples Federico II, Dipartimento Sci Fis, Naples, Italy. [Aloisio, A.; Alviggi, M. G.; Canale, V.; Capasso, L.; Carlino, G.; Cevenini, F.; Chiefari, G.; Conventi, F.; de Asmundis, R.; Della Pietra, M.; Doria, A.; Giordano, R.; Iengo, P.; Izzo, V.; Merola, L.; Musto, E.; Patricelli, S.; Sanchez, A.; Sekhniaidze, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Napoli, I-80125 Naples, Italy. [Gorelov, I.; Hoeferkamp, M. R.; Metcalfe, J.; Seidel, S. C.; Toms, K.; Wang, R.] Univ New Mexico, Dept Phys & Astron, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [Caron, S.; Chelstowska, M. A.; Consonni, M.; De Groot, N.; Filthaut, F.; Klok, P. F.; Konig, A. C.; Koetsveld, F.; Salyucci, A.] Radboud Univ Nijmegen Nikhef, Inst Math Astrophys & Particle Phys, Nijmegen, Netherlands. [Bentvelsen, S.; Berglund, E.; Bobbink, G. J.; Bos, K.; Boterenbrood, H.; Colijn, A. P.; de Jong, P.; De Nooij, L.; Deviveiros, P. O.; Doxiadis, A. D.; Ferrari, P.; Garitaonandia, H.; Geerts, D. A. A.; Gosselink, M.; Hartjesth, F.; Hessey, N. P.; Igonkina, O.; Kayl, M. S.; Klous, S.; Kluit, P.; Koffeman, E.; Lee, H.; Lenz, T.; Linde, F.; Luijckx, G.; Massaro, G.; Mechnich, J.; Mussche, I.; Ottersbach, J. P.; Reichold, A.; Rijpstra, M.; Ruckstuhl, N.; Nuverink, J.; Ta, D.; Tsiakiris, M.; Turlay, E.; van der Graaf, H.; van der Kraaij, E.; Van Der Leeuw, R.; van der Poel, E.; van Kesteren, Z.; van Vulpen, I.; Verkerke, W.; Vermeulen, J. C.; Milosavljevic, M. Vranjes; Vreeswijk, M.] Univ Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Bentvelsen, S.; Berglund, E.; Bobbink, G. J.; Bos, K.; Boterenbrood, H.; Colijn, A. P.; de Jong, P.; De Nooij, L.; Deviveiros, P. O.; Doxiadis, A. D.; Ferrari, P.; Garitaonandia, H.; Geerts, D. A. A.; Gosselink, M.; Hartjesth, F.; Hessey, N. P.; Igonkina, O.; Kayl, M. S.; Klous, S.; Kluit, P.; Koffeman, E.; Lee, H.; Lenz, T.; Linde, F.; Luijckx, G.; Massaro, G.; Mechnich, J.; Mussche, I.; Ottersbach, J. P.; Reichold, A.; Rijpstra, M.; Ruckstuhl, N.; Nuverink, J.; Ta, D.; Tsiakiris, M.; Turlay, E.; van der Graaf, H.; van der Kraaij, E.; Van Der Leeuw, R.; van der Poel, E.; van Kesteren, Z.; van Vulpen, I.; Verkerke, W.; Vermeulen, J. C.; Milosavljevic, M. Vranjes; Vreeswijk, M.] Nikhef Natl Inst Subatom Phys, Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Calkins, R.; Chakraborty, D.; de Lima, J. G. Rocha; Suhr, C.; Yurkewicz, A.; Zutshi, V.] No Illinois Univ, Dept Phys, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA. [Anisenkov, A.; Beloborodova, O.; Bobrovnikov, V. B.; Bogdanchikov, A.; Kazanin, V. A.; Kolachev, G. M.; Korol, A.; Malyshev, V.; Maslennikov, A. L.; Maximov, D. A.; Orlov, I.; Peleganchuk, S. V.; Schamov, A. G.; Koypen, K.; Soukharev, A.; Talyshev, A.; Tikhonov, Y. A.; Zaytsev, A.] SB RAS, Budker Inst Nucl Phys, Novosibirsk, Russia. [Budick, B.; Casadei, D.; Cranmer, K.; van Huysduynen, L. Hooft; Konoplich, R.; Krasznahorkay, A.; Lewis, G. H.; Mincer, A. I.; Nemethy, P.; Neves, R. M.; Prokofiev, K.; Shibata, A.; Zhao, L.] NYU, Dept Phys, New York, NY 10003 USA. [Fernando, W.; Fisher, M. J.; Gan, K. K.; Kagan, H.; Kass, R. D.; Merritt, H.; Moss, J.; Nagarkar, A.; Pignotti, D. T.; Rahimi, A. M.; Strang, M.] Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Okayama Univ, Fac Sci, Okayama 700, Japan. [Abbott, B.; Gutierrez, P.; Huang, G. S.; Jana, D. K.; Marzin, A.; Meera-Lebbai, R.; Saleem, M.; Severini, H.; Skubic, P.; Snow, J.; Strauss, M.] Univ Oklahoma, Homer L Dodge Dept Phys & Astron, Norman, OK 73019 USA. [Abi, B.; Khanov, A.; Rizatdinova, F.; Yu, J.] Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Phys, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. [Hamal, P.; Nozka, L.] Palacky Univ, RCPTM, CR-77147 Olomouc, Czech Republic. [Brau, J. E.; Potter, C. T.; Ptacek, E.; Radloff, P.; Reinsch, A.; Robinson, M.; Searcy, J.; Shamim, M.; Sinev, N. B.; Stavina, P.; Strom, D. M.; Torrence, E.] Univ Oregon, Ctr High Energy Phys, Eugene, OR 97403 USA. [Abreu, H.; Andari, N.; Arnault, C.; Auge, E.; Barrillon, P.; Benoit, M.; Binet, S.; Bourdarios, C.; Breton, D.; De La Taille, C.; De Regie, J. B. De Vivie; Duflot, L.; Escalier, M.; Fayard, L.; Fournier, D.; Grivaz, J. -F.; Henrot-Versille, S.; Hrivnac, J.; Iconomidou-Fayard, L.; Idarraga, J.; Kado, M.; Martinez, N. Lorenzo; Lounis, A.; Makovec, N.; Matricon, P.; Niedercorn, F.; Perus, A.; Poggioli, L.; Puzo, P.; Renaud, A.; Rousseau, D.; Ruan, X.; Rybkin, G.; Sauvan, J. B.; Schaarschmidt, J.; Schaffer, A. C.; Serin, L.; Simion, S.; Tanaka, R.; Teinturier, M.; Veillet, J. J.; Vukotic, I.; Wicek, F.; Zerwas, D.; Zhang, Z.] Univ Paris 11, LAL, Orsay, France. [Abreu, H.; Andari, N.; Arnault, C.; Auge, E.; Barrillon, P.; Benoit, M.; Binet, S.; Bourdarios, C.; Breton, D.; De La Taille, C.; De Regie, J. B. De Vivie; Duflot, L.; Escalier, M.; Fayard, L.; Fournier, D.; Grivaz, J. -F.; Henrot-Versille, S.; Hrivnac, J.; Iconomidou-Fayard, L.; Idarraga, J.; Kado, M.; Martinez, N. Lorenzo; Lounis, A.; Makovec, N.; Matricon, P.; Niedercorn, F.; Perus, A.; Poggioli, L.; Puzo, P.; Renaud, A.; Rousseau, D.; Ruan, X.; Rybkin, G.; Sauvan, J. B.; Schaarschmidt, J.; Schaffer, A. C.; Serin, L.; Simion, S.; Tanaka, R.; Teinturier, M.; Veillet, J. J.; Vukotic, I.; Wicek, F.; Zerwas, D.; Zhang, Z.] CNRS, IN2P3, F-91405 Orsay, France. [Hanagaki, K.; Hirose, M.; Lee, J. S. H.; Meguro, T.; Nomachi, M.] Osaka Univ, Grad Sch Sci, Osaka, Japan. [Bugge, L.; Buran, T.; Cameron, D.; Gjelsten, B. K.; Lund, E.; Ould-Saada, F.; Pajchel, K.; Read, A. L.; Rohne, O.; Samset, B. H.; Stapnes, S.; Strandlie, A.] Univ Oslo, Dept Phys, Oslo, Norway. [Abdesselam, A.; Apollee, R.; Barr, A. J.; Boddy, C. R.; Brandt, G.; Buchanan, J.; Buckingham, R. M.; Coe, P.; Coniavitis, E.; Cooper-Sarkar, A. M.; Davies, E.; Dehchar, M.; Farrington, S. M.; Gallas, E. J.; Gilbert, L. M.; Gwenlan, C.; Hal, D.; Hawes, B. M.; Howell, D. F.; Huffman, T. B.; Issever, C.; Jones, G.; Karagoz, M.; King, R. S. B.; Kogan, L. A.; Korn, A.; Kundu, N.; Larner, A.; Lewis, A.; Liang, Z.; Livermore, S. S. A.; Loken, J.; Mattravers, C.; Nickerson, R. B.; Pinder, A.; Robichaud-Veronneau, A.; Ryder, N. C.; Short, D.; Tseng, J. C-L.; Vickey, T.; Viehhauser, G. H. A.; Weidberg, A. R.; Whitehead, S. R.; Zhong, J.] Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, Oxford, England. [Cambiaghi, M.; Conta, C.; Franchino, S.; Fraternali, M.; Livan, M.; Negri, A.; Rebuzzi, D. M.; Rimoldi, A.; Uslenghi, M.] Univ Pavia, Dipartimento Fis, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. [Cambiaghi, M.; Conta, C.; Ferrari, R.; Franchino, S.; Fraternali, M.; Gaudio, G.; Livan, M.; Negri, A.; Polesello, G.; Rebuzzi, D. M.; Rimoldi, A.; Uslenghi, M.; Vercesi, V.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pavia, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. [Alison, J.; Degenhardt, J.; della Volpe, D.; Donega, M.; Dressnandt, N.; Emeliyanov, D.; Fratina, S.; Hines, E.; Hong, T. M.; Jackson, B.; Kroll, J.; Kunkle, J.; LeGeyt, B. C.; Lipeles, E.; Martin, F. F.; Olivito, D.; Ospanov, R.; Reece, R.; Stahlman, J.; Thomson, E.; Wagner, P.; Williams, H. H.] Univ Penn, Dept Phys, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Fedin, O. L.; Gratchev, V.; Grebenyuk, O. G.; Maleev, V. P.; Ryabov, Y. F.; Schegelsky, V. A.; Sedykh, E.; Seliverstov, D. M.] Petersburg Nucl Phys Inst, Gatchina, Russia. [Bertolucci, F.; Cascella, M.; Cavasinni, V.; Crescioli, F.; Del Pretea, T.; Dotti, A.; Mazzoni, E.; Roda, C.; Sarri, F.; Zinonos, Z.] Univ Pisa, Dipartimento Fis E Fermi, Pisa, Italy. [Bertolucci, F.; Cascella, M.; Cavasinni, V.; Crescioli, F.; Del Pretea, T.; Dotti, A.; Mazzoni, E.; Roda, C.; Sarri, F.; Zinonos, Z.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pisa, Pisa, Italy. [Boudreau, J.; Cleland, W.; Escobar, C.; Kittelmann, T.; Mueller, F.; Paolone, V.; Prieur, D.; Savinov, V.; Wendler, S.; Yoosoofmiya, R.] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Phys & Astron, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. [Amorim, A.; Anjos, N.; Carvalho, J.; Castro, N. F.; Muino, P. Conde; Wemans, A. Do Valle; Fiolhais, M. C. N.; Gomes, A.; Jorge, P. M.; Lopes, L.; Miguens, J. Machado; Maio, A.; Maneira, J.; Oliveira, M.; Onofre, A.; Palma, A.; Pina, J.; Santos, H.; Saraiva, J. G.; Silva, J.; Soares, M.; Veloso, F.; Wolters, H.] LIP, Lab Instrumentacao & Fis Expt Particulas, P-1000 Lisbon, Portugal. [Aguiar-Saavedra, J. A.] Univ Granada, Dept Fis Teor & Cosmos, Granada, Spain. [Aguiar-Saavedra, J. A.] Univ Granada, CAFPE, Granada, Spain. [Chudoba, J.; Gallus, P.; Gunther, J.; Hruska, I.; Juranek, V.; Kepka, O.; Kupco, A.; Kus, V.; Lipinsky, L.; Lokajicek, M.; Marcisovsky, M.; Mikestikova, M.; Myska, M.; Nemecek, S.; Panuskova, M.; Ruzicka, P.; Schovancova, J.; Sicho, P.; Staroba, P.; Svatos, M.; Tasevsky, M.; Tic, T.; Valenta, J.; Vrba, V.; Zeman, M.] Acad Sci Czech Republic, Inst Phys, Prague, Czech Republic. [Davidek, T.; Doejsi, J.; Dolezal, Z.; Drasal, Z.; Kodys, P.; Leitner, R.; Rybar, M.; Scott, W. G.; Strachota, P.; Subramania, Hs; Suk, M.; Sykora, T.; Tas, P.; Valkar, S.; Vorobel, V.; Wilhelm, I.] Charles Univ Prague, Fac Math & Phys, Prague, Czech Republic. [Augsten, K.; Holy, T.; Horazdovsky, T.; Hubacek, Z.; Jakubek, J.; Kohout, Z.; Kral, V.; Krejci, F.; Pospisil, S.; Simak, V.; Slavicek, T.; Smolek, K.; Sodomka, J.; Solar, M.; Solc, J.; Sopko, V.; Sopko, B.; Stekl, I.; Turecek, D.; Vacek, V.; Vlasak, M.; Vokac, P.] Czech Tech Univ, CR-16635 Prague, Czech Republic. [Ammosov, V. V.; Borisov, A.; Bozhko, N. I.; Denisov, S. P.; Fakhrutdinov, R. M.; Fenyuk, A. B.; Gapienko, V. A.; Gorokhov, S. A.; Goryachev, V. N.; Gushchin, V. N.; Ivashin, A. V.; Kabachenko, V. V.; Karyukhin, A. N.; Kholodenko, A. G.; Kiver, A. M.; Koreshev, V.; Korotkov, V. A.; Kozhin, A. S.; Larionov, A. V.; Levitski, M. S.; Minaenko, A. A.; Mitrofanov, G. Y.; Moisseev, A. M.; Myagkov, A. G.; Nikolaenko, V.; Pleskach, A. V.; Ryadovikov, V.; Solodkov, A. A.; Solovyanov, O. V.; Tarchenko, E. A.; Sviridov, Yu. M.; Vorobiev, A. P.; Zaets, V. G.; Zaitsev, A. M.; Zenin, O.; Zmouchko, V. V.] Inst High Energy Phys, State Res Ctr, Protvino, Russia. [Adye, T.; Baines, J. T.; Barnett, B. M.; Botterill, D.; Burke, S.; Clifft, R. W.; Dewhurst, A.; Gallop, B. J.; Gee, C. N. P.; Gillman, A. R.; Haywood, S. J.; Kirk, J.; McCubbin, N. A.; McMahon, S. J.; Middleton, R. P.; Murray, W. J.; Norton, P. R.; Phillips, P. W.; Sankey, D. P. C.; Spousta, M.; Strube, J.; Tyndel, M.; Weber, M.; Wickens, F. J.; Wielers, M.] Rutherford Appleton Lab, Particle Phys Dept, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. [Benslama, K.; Smit, C. V. Ybeles] Univ Regina, Dept Phys, Regina, SK S4S 0A2, Canada. [Tanaka, S.] Ritsumeikan Univ, Kusatsu, Shiga, Japan. [Artoni, G.; Bagnaia, P.; Bini, C.; Caloi, R.; Ciapettia, G.; D'Orazio, A.; Dionisi, C.; Gentile, S.; Giagu, S.; Ippoito, V.; Lacava, F.; Lo Sterzo, F.; Luci, C.; Maiani, C.; Mastrandrea, P.; Rossi, E.; Camillocci, E. Solfaroli; Spila, F.; Zanello, L.] Univ Roma La Sapienza, Dipartimento Fis, I-00185 Rome, Italy. [Anulli, F.; Artoni, G.; Bagnaia, P.; Bini, C.; Caloi, R.; Ciapettia, G.; D'Orazio, A.; De Pedis, D.; De Salva, A.; Dionisi, C.; Falciano, S.; Gentile, S.; Giagu, S.; Ippoito, V.; Lacava, F.; Lo Sterzo, F.; Luci, C.; Luminari, L.; Maiani, C.; Marzano, F.; Mastrandrea, P.; Mirabelli, G.; Nisati, A.; Pasqualucci, E.; Petrolo, E.; Pontecorvo, L.; Rescigno, M.; Rosati, S.; Rossi, E.; Tehrani, F. Safai; Sidoti, A.; Camillocci, E. Solfaroli; Spila, F.; Valente, P.; Vari, R.; Veneziano, S.; Zanello, L.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma, Rome, Italy. [Aielli, G.; Camarri, P.; Cattani, G.; Di Ciaccio, A.; Di Simone, A.; Marchese, F.; Santonico, R.] Univ Roma Tor Vergata, Dipartimento Fis, I-00173 Rome, Italy. [Aielli, G.; Camarri, P.; Cardarelli, R.; Cattani, G.; Di Ciaccio, A.; Di Simone, A.; Liberti, B.; Marchese, F.; Salamon, A.; Santonico, R.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy. [Bacci, C.; Bortolotto, V.; Ceradini, F.; Di Luise, S.; Orestano, D.; Pastore, F.; Petrucci, F.; Ruggieri, F.] Univ Roma Tre, Dipartimento Fis, Rome, Italy. [Bacci, C.; Baroncellia, A.; Bigietti, M.; Bortolotto, V.; Branchini, P.; Ceradini, F.; Di Luise, S.; Farilla, A.; Graziani, E.; Iodice, M.; Orestano, D.; Passeri, A.; Pastore, F.; Petrucci, F.; Ruggieri, F.; Stanescu, C.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma Tre, Rome, Italy. [Benchekroun, D.; Chafaq, A.; Gouighri, M.; Hoummada, A.; Labaka, S.] Univ Hassan 2, Reseau Univ Phys Hautes Energies, Fac Sci Ain Chock, Casablanca, Morocco. [Ghazlane, H.] Ctr Natl Energie Sci Tech Nucl, Rabat, Morocco. [Derkaoui, J. E.; Ouchrif, M.; Tayalati, Y.] Univ Mohamed Premier, Fac Sci, Oujda, Morocco. [Derkaoui, J. E.; Ouchrif, M.; Tayalati, Y.] LPTPM, Oujda, Morocco. [El Kacimic, M.; Goujdami, D.] Univ Mohammed V Agdal, Fac Sci, Rabat, Morocco. [Bachacou, H.; Bauer, F.; Besson, N.; Blanchard, J. -B.; Bolnet, N. M.; Boonekamp, M.; Chevalier, L.; Ernwein, J.; Etienvre, A. I.; Formica, A.; Gauthier, L.; Giraud, P. F.; Guyot, C.; Hassani, S.; Kozanecki, W.; Lancon, E.; Laporte, J. F.; Legendre, M.; Mal, P.; Mansoulie, B.; Meyer, J-P.; Morange, N.; Hong, V. Nguyen Thi; Nicolaidou, R.; Ouraou, A.; Pomarede, D. M.; Resende, B.; Royon, C. R.; Schune, Ph.; Schwindling, J.; Simard, O.; Virchaux, M.; Vranjes, N.; Xiao, M.] CEA, CEA Saclay, DSM IRFU, Inst Rech Lois Fondamentales Univers, Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Chouridou, S.; Damiani, D. S.; Fowler, K.; Grillo, A. A.; Hare, G. A.; Litke, A. M.; Lockman, W. S.; Manning, P. M.; Mitrevski, J.; Nielsen, J.; Sadrozinski, H. F-W.; Schumm, B. A.; Seiden, A.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz Inst Particle Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Beckingham, M.; Forbush, D. A.; Goussiou, A. G.; Griffiths, J.; Harris, O. M.; Lubatti, H. J.; Mockett, P.; Rothberg, J.; Ventura, D.; Verducci, M.; Wang, J. C.; Watts, G.; Zhao, T.] Univ Washington, Dept Phys, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Booth, C. N.; Costanzo, D.; Donszelmann, T. Cuhadar; Dawson, I.; Duxfleld, R.; Hodgkinson, M. C.; Hodgson, P.; Johansson, P.; Korolkova, E. V.; Mayne, A.; Mcfayden, J. A.; Miyagawa, P. S.; Nicolas, L.; Owen, S.; Paganis, E.; Suruliz, K.; Tovey, D. R.; Tsionou, D.; Tua, A.; Xu, D.] Univ Sheffield, Dept Phys & Astron, Sheffield, S Yorkshire, England. [Hasegawa, Y.; Ohshita, H.; Takeshita, T.] Shinshu Univ, Dept Phys, Nagano, Japan. [Buchholz, P.; Czirri, H.; Fleck, I.; Gaur, B.; Grybe, K.; Holder, M.; Ibragimov, I.; Rammes, M.; Rosenthal, O.; Sipica, V.; Walkowiak, W.; Ziolkowski, M.] Univ Siegen, Fachbereich Phys, D-5900 Siegen, Germany. [Dawe, E.; Godfrey, J.; Kvita, J.; O'Neil, D. C.; Petteni, M.; Stelzer, B.; Tanasijczuk, A. J.; Trottier-McDonald, M.; Vetterli, M. C.] Simon Fraser Univ, Dept Phys, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada. [Aracena, I.; Barklow, T.; Bartoldus, R.; Bawa, H. S.; Butler, B.; Cogan, J. G.; Eifert, T.; Gao, Y. S.; Grenier, P.; Haas, A.; Hansson, P.; Horn, C.; Jackson, P.; Kenney, C. J.; Kocian, M.; Koi, T.; Lowe, A. J.; Malone, C.; Mount, R.; Nelson, S.; Nelson, T. K.; Salnikov, A.; Schwartzman, A.; Silverstein, D.; Smith, D.; Strauss, E.; Wilson, M. G.; Wittgen, M.; Young, C.] SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA USA. [Batkova, L.; Blazek, T.; Federic, P.; Pecsy, M.; Sykora, I.; Tokar, S.; Zenis, T.] Comenius Univ, Fac Math Phys & Informat, Bratislava, Slovakia. [Antos, J.; Bruncko, D.; Ferencei, J.; Kladiva, E.; Seman, M.; Strizenec, P.] Slovak Acad Sci, Inst Expt Phys, Dept Subnucl Phys, Kosice 04353, Slovakia. [Aurousseaua, M.] Univ Johannesburg, Dept Phys, Johannesburg, South Africa. [Hamilton, A.; Leney, K. J. C.; Vickey, T.; Boeriu, O. E. Vickey; Yacoob, S.] Univ Witwatersrand, Sch Phys, ZA-2050 Johannesburg, South Africa. [Asman, B.; Bohm, C.; Clement, C.; Eriksson, D.; Gellerstedt, K.; Hellman, S.; Holmgren, S. O.; Johansen, M.; Johansson, K. E.; Jon-And, K.; Kim, H.; Klimek, P.; Lesser, J.; Lundberg, J.; Milstead, D. A.; Moa, T.; Nordkvist, B.; Ohm, C. C.; Papadelis, A.; Sellden, B.; Silverstein, S. B.; Sjolin, J.; Strandberg, S.; Tylmad, M.; Yang, Z.] Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Asman, B.; Clement, C.; Gellerstedt, K.; Hellman, S.; Johansen, M.; Jon-And, K.; Kim, H.; Klimek, P.; Lundberg, J.; Milstead, D. A.; Moa, T.; Nordkvist, B.; Ohm, C. C.; Sjolin, J.; Strandberg, S.; Tylmad, M.; Yang, Z.] Oskar Klein Ctr, Stockholm, Sweden. [Jovicevic, J.; Kuwertz, E. S.; Lund-Jensen, B.; Strandberg, J.] Royal Inst Technol, Dept Phys, S-10044 Stockholm, Sweden. [Ahmad, A.; Arfaoui, S.; Deluca, C.; Devetak, E.; DeWilde, B.; Engelmann, R.; Farley, J.; Grassi, V.; Gray, J. A.; Hobbs, J.; Jia, J.; McCarthy, R. L.; Mohapatra, S.; Rijssenbeek, M.; Schamberger, R. D.; Stupak, J.; Tsybychev, D.] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. [Ahmad, A.; Arfaoui, S.; Deluca, C.; Devetak, E.; DeWilde, B.; Engelmann, R.; Farley, J.; Grassi, V.; Gray, J. A.; Hobbs, J.; Jia, J.; McCarthy, R. L.; Mohapatra, S.; Rijssenbeek, M.; Schamberger, R. D.; Stupak, J.; Tsybychev, D.] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Chem, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. [Bartsch, V.; De Santo, A.; Martin-Haugh, S.; Potter, C. J.; Rose, A.; Salvatore, F.; Sutton, M. R.] Univ Sussex, Dept Phys & Astron, Brighton, E Sussex, England. [Bangert, A.; Cuthbert, C.; Patel, N.; Aavedra, A. F.; Scarcella, M.; Varvell, K. E.; Watson, I. J.; Waugh, A. T.; Yabsley, B.] Univ Sydney, Sch Phys, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. [Chu, M. L.; Hou, S.; Lee, S. C.; Lin, S. C.; Liu, D.; Mazini, R.; Meng, Z.; Ren, Z. L.; Soh, D. A.; Teng, P. K.; Wang, H.; Wang, J.; Wang, S. M.; Weng, Z.; Zhang, D.; Zhou, Y.] Acad Sinica, Inst Phys, Taipei, Taiwan. [Harpaz, S. Behar; Ben Ami, S.; Hershenhorn, A. D.; Kajomovitz, E.; Lifshitz, R.; Rozen, Y.; Tarem, S.; Vallecorsa, S.] Technion Israel Inst Technol, Dept Phys, IL-32000 Haifa, Israel. [Abramowicz, H.; Alexander, G.; Amram, N.; Bella, G.; Benary, O.; Benhammou, Y.; Brodet, E.; Etzion, E.; Gershon, A.; Ginzburg, J.; Guttman, N.; Hod, N.; Kreise, A.; Mahalalel, Y.; Munwes, Y.; Oren, Y.; Reinherz-Aronis, E.; Sadeh, I.; Silver, Y.; Soffer, A.; Taiblum, N.] Tel Aviv Univ, Raymond & Beverly Sackler Sch Phys & Astron, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel. [Iliadis, D.; Korcyl, K.; Kordas, K.; Kouskoura, V.; Nomidis, I.; Petridis, A.; Petridou, C.; Sampsonidis, D.] Aristotle Univ Thessaloniki, Dept Phys, GR-54006 Thessaloniki, Greece. [Akimoto, G.; Asai, S.; Azuma, Y.; Dohmae, T.; Imori, M.; Kanaya, N.; Kataoka, Y.; Kawamoto, T.; Kessoku, K.; Kobayashi, T.; Komori, Y.; Mashimo, T.; Masubuchi, T.; Matsumoto, H.; Matsunaga, H.; Nakamura, K.; Nakamura, T.; Ninomiya, Y.; Oda, S.; Okuyama, T.; Sakamoto, H.; Tanaka, J.; Terashi, K.; Ueda, I.; Yamaguchi, H.; Yamamoto, S.; Yamamura, T.; Yamanaka, T.; Yamazaki, T.] Univ Tokyo, Int Ctr Elementary Particle Phys, Tokyo, Japan. [Akimoto, G.; Asai, S.; Azuma, Y.; Dohmae, T.; Imori, M.; Kanaya, N.; Kataoka, Y.; Kawamoto, T.; Kessoku, K.; Kobayashi, T.; Komori, Y.; Mashimo, T.; Masubuchi, T.; Matsumoto, H.; Matsunaga, H.; Nakamura, K.; Nakamura, T.; Ninomiya, Y.; Oda, S.; Okuyama, T.; Sakamoto, H.; Tanaka, J.; Terashi, K.; Ueda, I.; Yamaguchi, H.; Yamamoto, S.; Yamamura, T.; Yamanaka, T.; Yamazaki, T.] Univ Tokyo, Dept Phys, Tokyo 113, Japan. [Bratzler, U.; Fukunaga, C.] Tokyo Metropolitan Univ, Grad Sch Sci & Technol, Tokyo 158, Japan. [Jinnouchi, O.; Kanno, T.; Kuze, M.] Tokyo Inst Technol, Dept Phys, Tokyo 152, Japan. [AbouZeid, O. S.; Bailey, D. C.; Bain, T.; Brelier, B.; Cheung, S. L.; Dhaliwal, S.; Farooque, T.; Fatholahzadeh, B.; Gibson, A.; Guo, B.; Ilic, N.; Jankowski, E.; Keung, J.; Knecht, N. S.; Krieger, P.; Le Maner, C.; Martens, F. K.; Orr, R. S.; Rezvani, R.; Rosenbaum, G. A.; Savard, P.; Sinervo, P.; Spreitzer, T.; Tardif, D.; Teuscher, R. J.; Thompson, P. D.; Trischuk, W.; Venturi, N.] Univ Toronto, Dept Phys, Toronto, ON, Canada. [Benitez Garcia, J. A.; Palacino, G.; Taylor, W.] York Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Toronto, ON M3J 2R7, Canada. [Canepa, A.; Chekulaev, S. V.; Fortina, D.; Koutsmana, A.; Losty, M. J.; Nugent, I. M.; Oakham, F. G.; Oram, C. J.; Savard, P.; Schouten, D.; Stelzer-Chilton, O.; Tafirout, R.; Trigger, I. M.; Vetterli, M. C.] TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada. [Hanawa, K.; Hara, K.; Hayashi, T.; Kim, S. H.; Kurata, M.; Nagai, K.; Ukegawa, F.] Univ Tsukuba, Inst Pure & Appl Sci, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058571, Japan. [Beauchemin, P. H.; Hamilton, S.; Napier, A.; Rolli, S.; Sliwa, K.; Todorova-Nova, S.] Tufts Univ, Ctr Sci & Technol, Medford, MA 02155 USA. [Losada, M.; Loureiro, K. F.; Navas, L. Mendoza; Navarro, G.; Sandoval, C.] Univ Antonio Narino, Ctr Invest, Bogota, Colombia. [Avolio, G.; Bondioli, M.; Ciobotaru, M. D.; Deng, J.; Eschrich, I. Gough; Hawkins, D.; Lankford, A. J.; Nelson, A.; Okawa, H.; Rodriguez, D.; Scannicchio, D. A.; Schernau, M.; Taffard, A.; Toggerson, B.; Unel, G.; Werth, M.; Wheeler-Ellis, S. J.; Whiteson, D.; Zhou, N.] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA USA. [Acharya, B. S.; Cauz, D.; De Lotto, B.; Del Papa, C.; Pinamonti, M.; Shaw, K.; Soualah, R.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Grp Collegato Udine, Milan, Italy. [Acharya, B. S.] Abdus Salaam Int Ctr Theoret Phys, Trieste, Italy. [Cauz, D.; Cobal, M.; De Lotto, B.; De Sanctis, U.; Del Papa, C.; Pinamonti, M.; Shaw, K.; Soualah, R.] Univ Udine, Dipartimento Chim Fis & Ambiente, I-33100 Udine, Italy. [Benekos, N.; Coggeshall, J.; Cortes-Gonzalez, A.; Errede, D.; Errede, S.; Khandanyan, H.; Lie, K.; Liss, T. M.; McCarn, A.; Neubauer, M. S.; Vichou, I.] Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Brenner, R.; Buszello, C. P.; Ekelof, T.; Ellert, M.; Ferrari, A.; Isaksson, C.] Uppsala Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Uppsala, Sweden. [Amoros, G.; Cabrera Urban, S.; Castillo Gimenez, V.; Costa, M. J.; Ferrer, A.; Fiorini, L.; Fuster, J.; Garcia, C.; Garcia Navarro, J. E.; Gonzalez de la Hoz, S.; Hernandez Jimenez, Y.; Higon Rodriguez, E.; Tries Quiles, A.; Kaci, M.; Lacasta, C.; Lacuesta, V. R.; Marti-Garcia, S.; Moya, M. Minano; Mitsou, V. A.; Moles-Valls, R.; Llacer, M. Moreno; Oliver Garcia, E.; Perez Garcia-Estan, M. T.; Adam, E. Romero; Ros, E.; Salt, J.; Sanchez Martinez, V.; Salans, C. A.; Soldevila, U.; Sanchez, J.; Torro Pastor, E.; Valladolid Gallego, E.; Valls Ferrer, J. A.; Villaplana Perez, M.; Vos, M.; Wildauer, A.] Univ Valencia, Inst Fis Corpuscular IFIC, Valencia, Spain. [Amoros, G.; Cabrera Urban, S.; Castillo Gimenez, V.; Costa, M. J.; Ferrer, A.; Fiorini, L.; Fuster, J.; Garcia, C.; Garcia Navarro, J. E.; Gonzalez de la Hoz, S.; Hernandez Jimenez, Y.; Higon Rodriguez, E.; Tries Quiles, A.; Kaci, M.; Lacasta, C.; Lacuesta, V. R.; Marti-Garcia, S.; Moya, M. Minano; Mitsou, V. A.; Moles-Valls, R.; Llacer, M. Moreno; Oliver Garcia, E.; Perez Garcia-Estan, M. T.; Adam, E. Romero; Ros, E.; Salt, J.; Sanchez Martinez, V.; Salans, C. A.; Soldevila, U.; Sanchez, J.; Torro Pastor, E.; Valladolid Gallego, E.; Valls Ferrer, J. A.; Villaplana Perez, M.; Vos, M.; Wildauer, A.] Univ Valencia, Dept Fis Atom Mol & Nucl, Valencia, Spain. [Amoros, G.; Cabrera Urban, S.; Castillo Gimenez, V.; Costa, M. J.; Ferrer, A.; Fiorini, L.; Fuster, J.; Garcia, C.; Garcia Navarro, J. E.; Gonzalez de la Hoz, S.; Hernandez Jimenez, Y.; Higon Rodriguez, E.; Tries Quiles, A.; Kaci, M.; Lacasta, C.; Lacuesta, V. R.; Marti-Garcia, S.; Moya, M. Minano; Mitsou, V. A.; Moles-Valls, R.; Llacer, M. Moreno; Oliver Garcia, E.; Perez Garcia-Estan, M. T.; Adam, E. Romero; Ros, E.; Salt, J.; Sanchez Martinez, V.; Salans, C. A.; Soldevila, U.; Sanchez, J.; Torro Pastor, E.; Valladolid Gallego, E.; Valls Ferrer, J. A.; Villaplana Perez, M.; Vos, M.; Wildauer, A.] Univ Valencia, Dept Ingn Elect, Valencia, Spain. [Amoros, G.; Cabrera Urban, S.; Castillo Gimenez, V.; Costa, M. J.; Ferrer, A.; Fiorini, L.; Fuster, J.; Garcia, C.; Garcia Navarro, J. E.; Gonzalez de la Hoz, S.; Hernandez Jimenez, Y.; Higon Rodriguez, E.; Tries Quiles, A.; Kaci, M.; Lacasta, C.; Lacuesta, V. R.; Marti-Garcia, S.; Moya, M. Minano; Mitsou, V. A.; Moles-Valls, R.; Llacer, M. Moreno; Oliver Garcia, E.; Perez Garcia-Estan, M. T.; Adam, E. Romero; Ros, E.; Salt, J.; Sanchez Martinez, V.; Salans, C. A.; Soldevila, U.; Sanchez, J.; Torro Pastor, E.; Valladolid Gallego, E.; Valls Ferrer, J. A.; Villaplana Perez, M.; Vos, M.; Wildauer, A.] Univ Valencia, Inst Microelect Barcelona IMB CNM, Valencia, Spain. [Amoros, G.; Cabrera Urban, S.; Castillo Gimenez, V.; Costa, M. J.; Ferrer, A.; Fiorini, L.; Fuster, J.; Garcia, C.; Garcia Navarro, J. E.; Gonzalez de la Hoz, S.; Hernandez Jimenez, Y.; Higon Rodriguez, E.; Tries Quiles, A.; Kaci, M.; Lacasta, C.; Lacuesta, V. R.; Marti-Garcia, S.; Moya, M. Minano; Mitsou, V. A.; Moles-Valls, R.; Llacer, M. Moreno; Oliver Garcia, E.; Perez Garcia-Estan, M. T.; Adam, E. Romero; Ros, E.; Salt, J.; Sanchez Martinez, V.; Salans, C. A.; Soldevila, U.; Sanchez, J.; Torro Pastor, E.; Valladolid Gallego, E.; Valls Ferrer, J. A.; Villaplana Perez, M.; Vos, M.; Wildauer, A.] CSIC, Valencia, Spain. [Axen, D.; Gay, C.; Lohi, C. W.; Mills, W. J.; Muir, A.; Swedish, S.; Viel, S.] Univ British Columbia, Dept Phys, Vancouver, BC, Canada. [Albert, J.; Astbury, A.; Bansal, V.; Berghaus, F.; Courneyea, L.; Fincke-Keeler, M.; Keeler, R.; Kowalewski, R.; Lefebvre, M.; Lessard, J. R.; Marino, C. P.; Martyniuk, A. C.; MePhersoni, R. A.; Ouellette, E. A.; Plamondon, M.; Sobie, R.] Univ Victoria, Dept Phys & Astron, Victoria, BC, Canada. [Kimura, N.; Yorita, K.] Waseda Univ, Tokyo, Japan. [Alon, R.; Barak, L.; Bressler, S.; Duchovni, E.; Frank, T.; Gabizon, O.; Gross, E.; Groth-Jensen, J.; Klier, A.; Lellouch, D.; Levinson, L. J.; Mikenberg, G.; Milov, A.; Milstein, D.; Roth, I.; Silbert, O.; Smakhtin, V.; Vitells, O.] Weizmann Inst Sci, Dept Particle Phys, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel. [Asfandiyarov, R.; Banerjee, Sw.; Montoya, C. D. Carrillo; Castaneda Hernandez, A. M.; Castaneda-Miranda, E.; Chen, X.; Coccaro, A.; Di Mattia, A.; Dos Anjos, A.; Fang, Y.; Castillo, L. R. Flores; Gonzalez, S.; Gutzwiller, O.; Ji, H.; Ju, X.; Kashif, L.; Cheong, A. Leung Fook; Li, H.; Ma, L. L.; Garcia, B. R. Mellado; Ming, Y.; Pan, Y. B.; Pedraza Morales, M. I.; Poveda, J.; Quayle, W. B.; Sarangi, T.; Tipton, P.; Wang, H.; Wiedenmann, W.; Wu, S. L.; Zobernig, G.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Fleischmann, P.; Meyer, J.; Redelbach, A.; Siragusa, G.; Strohmer, R.; Trefzger, T.] Univ Wurzburg, Fak Phys & Astron, Wurzburg, Germany. [Barisonzi, M.; Becks, K. H.; Boek, J.; Braun, H. M.; Cornelissen, T.; Drees, J.; Fleischmann, S.; Flick, T.; Gerlach, P.; Glitza, K. W.; Gorfine, G.; Hamacher, K.; Harenberg, T.; Henss, T.; Hirschbuehl, D.; Kalinin, S.; Kersten, S.; Khoroshilov, A.; Kootz, A.; Lantzsch, K.; Lenzen, G.; Maettig, P.; Mechtel, M.; Pataraia, S.; Sandhoff, M.; Sandvoss, S.; Sartisohn, G.; Schultes, J.; Sturm, P.; Thadome, J.; Voss, T. T.; Wagner, W.; Wahlen, H.; Wicke, D.; Zeitnitz, C.] Berg Univ Wuppertal, Fachbereich Phys C, Wuppertal, Germany. [Adelman, J.; Baker, O. K.; Bedikian, S.; Cuenca Almenar, C.; Czyczula, Z.; Demers, S.; Garberson, F.; Golling, T.; Guest, D.; Kaplan, B.; Lee, L.; Loginov, A.; Martin, A. J.; Sherman, D.; Thioye, M.; Wall, R.; Zeller, M.] Yale Univ, Dept Phys, New Haven, CT USA. [Hakobyan, H.] Yerevan Phys Inst, Yerevan 375036, Armenia. [Biscarat, C.; Cogneras, E.; Rahal, G.] CNRS, IN2P3, Ctr Calcul, Villeurbanne, France. [Ohsugi, T.] Hiroshima Univ, Fac Sci, Hiroshima 730, Japan. [Amorim, A.; Gomes, A.; Maio, A.; Pina, J.; Silva, J.] Univ Lisbon, Fac Ciencias, Lisbon, Portugal. [Amorim, A.; Gomes, A.; Maio, A.; Pina, J.; Silva, J.] Univ Lisbon, CFNUL, P-1699 Lisbon, Portugal. [Bawa, H. S.; Gao, Y. S.; Lowe, A. J.] Calif State Univ Fresno, Dept Phys, Fresno, CA 93740 USA. [Talyshev, A.; Tikhonov, Y. A.] Novosibirsk State Univ, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia. [Canelli, F.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL USA. [Carvalho, J.; Fiolhais, M. C. N.; Oliveira, M.; Wolters, H.] Univ Coimbra, Dept Phys, Coimbra, Portugal. [Conventi, F.; Della Pietra, M.] Univ Napoli Parthenope, Naples, Italy. [Demirkoz, B.] Middle E Tech Univ, Dept Phys, TR-06531 Ankara, Turkey. [Sawyer, L.] Louisiana Tech Univ, Ruston, LA 71270 USA. [Dobson, E.] UCL, Dept Phys & Astron, London, England. [Guler, H.] Univ Montreal, Grp Particle Phys, Montreal, PQ, Canada. [Hamilton, A.] Univ Cape Town, Dept Phys, ZA-7925 Cape Town, South Africa. [Huseynov, N.] Azerbaijan Acad Sci, Inst Phys, Baku 370143, Azerbaijan. [Wildt, M. A.] Univ Hamburg, Inst Expt Phys, Hamburg, Germany. [Konoplich, R.] Manhattan Coll, New York, NY USA. [Li, S.] Aix Marseille Univ, CPPM, Marseille, France. [Liang, Z.; Soh, D. A.; Weng, Z.] Sun Yat Sen Univ, Sch Phys & Engn, Guangzhou, Peoples R China. [Lin, S. C.] Acad Sinica, Inst Phys, Acad Sinica Grid Comp, Taipei, Taiwan. [Nessi, M.] Univ Geneva, Sect Phys, Geneva, Switzerland. [Onofre, A.] Univ Minho, Dept Fis, Braga, Portugal. [Park, W.; Purohit, M.; Trivedi, A.] Univ S Carolina, Dept Phys & Astron, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. [Pasztor, G.; Toth, J.] Wigner Res Ctr Phys, Inst Particle & Nucl Phys, Budapest, Hungary. [Perez, K.] CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Richter-Was, E.] Jagiellonian Univ, Inst Phys, Krakow, Poland. RP Aad, G (reprint author), Univ Freiburg, Fak Math & Phys, Hugstetter Str 55, D-79106 Freiburg, Germany. 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Fullana Torregrosa, Esteban/0000-0003-3082-621X; Nielsen, Jason/0000-0002-9175-4419; Grancagnolo, Francesco/0000-0002-9367-3380; Dell'Asta, Lidia/0000-0002-9601-4225; abi, babak/0000-0001-7036-9645; Chen, Hucheng/0000-0002-9936-0115; Cataldi, Gabriella/0000-0001-8066-7718; Sawyer, Lee/0000-0001-8295-0605; Korol, Aleksandr/0000-0001-8448-218X; Turra, Ruggero/0000-0001-8740-796X; Ventura, Andrea/0000-0002-3368-3413; Vanadia, Marco/0000-0003-2684-276X; Mora Herrera, Maria Clemencia/0000-0003-3915-3170; Maneira, Jose/0000-0002-3222-2738; Prokoshin, Fedor/0000-0001-6389-5399; KHODINOV, ALEKSANDR/0000-0003-3551-5808; Goncalo, Ricardo/0000-0002-3826-3442; Solodkov, Alexander/0000-0002-2737-8674; Zaitsev, Alexandre/0000-0002-4961-8368; Monzani, Simone/0000-0002-0479-2207; Troncon, Clara/0000-0002-7997-8524; Bailey, David C/0000-0002-7970-7839; Gorelov, Igor/0000-0001-5570-0133; Carvalho, Joao/0000-0002-3015-7821; Booth, Christopher/0000-0002-6051-2847; Gonzalez de la Hoz, Santiago/0000-0001-5304-5390; 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Villa, Mauro/0000-0002-9181-8048; Mikestikova, Marcela/0000-0003-1277-2596; Svatos, Michal/0000-0002-7199-3383; Boyko, Igor/0000-0002-3355-4662; Solfaroli Camillocci, Elena/0000-0002-5347-7764; Wolters, Helmut/0000-0002-9588-1773; Warburton, Andreas/0000-0002-2298-7315; De, Kaushik/0000-0002-5647-4489; Annovi, Alberto/0000-0002-4649-4398; Stoicea, Gabriel/0000-0002-7511-4614; Brooks, William/0000-0001-6161-3570; Pina, Joao /0000-0001-8959-5044; Vanyashin, Aleksandr/0000-0002-0367-5666; Ferrando, James/0000-0002-1007-7816; La Rosa, Alessandro/0000-0001-6291-2142; Moraes, Arthur/0000-0002-5157-5686; Conde Muino, Patricia/0000-0002-9187-7478; Della Pietra, Massimo/0000-0003-4446-3368; Andreazza, Attilio/0000-0001-5161-5759; Rotaru, Marina/0000-0003-3303-5683; Cascella, Michele/0000-0003-2091-2501; Orlov, Ilya/0000-0003-4073-0326; Veneziano, Stefano/0000-0002-2598-2659; Takai, Helio/0000-0001-9253-8307; Doyle, Anthony/0000-0001-6322-6195; Petrucci, Fabrizio/0000-0002-5278-2206; Smirnov, Sergei/0000-0002-6778-073X; 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Mincer, Allen/0000-0002-6307-1418; Grinstein, Sebastian/0000-0002-6460-8694; la rotonda, laura/0000-0002-6780-5829; Osculati, Bianca Maria/0000-0002-7246-060X; Adye, Tim/0000-0003-0627-5059; Evans, Harold/0000-0003-2183-3127; Coccaro, Andrea/0000-0003-2368-4559; De Lotto, Barbara/0000-0003-3624-4480; Cristinziani, Markus/0000-0003-3893-9171 FU ANPCyT, Argentina; YerPhI, Armenia; ARC, Australia; BMWF, Austria; ANAS, Azerbaijan; SSTC, Belarus; CNPq, Brazil; FAPESP, Brazil; NSERC, Canada; NRC, Canada; CFI, Canada; CERN; CONICYT, Chile; CAS, China; MOST, China; NSFC, China; COLCIENCIAS, Colombia; MSMT CR, Czech Republic; MPO CR, Czech Republic; VSC CR, Czech Republic; DNRF, Denmark; DNSRC, Denmark; Lundbeck Foundation, Denmark; EPLANET; ERC; European Union; CEA-DSM/IRFU, France; GNAS, Georgia; BMBF, Germany; DFG, Germany; HGF, Germany; MPG, Germany; AvH Foundation, Germany; GSRT, Greece; ISF, Israel; MINERVA, Israel; GIF, Israel; DIP, Israel; Benoziyo Center, Israel; INFN, Italy; MEXT, Japan; JSPS, Japan; CNRST, Morocco; FOM, Netherlands; NWO, Netherlands; RCN, Norway; MNiSW, Poland; GRICES, Portugal; FCT, Portugal; MERYS (MECTS), Romania; MES of Russia; ROSATOM; Russian Federation; JINR; MSTD, Serbia; MSSR, Slovakia; ARRS, Slovenia; MVZT, Slovenia; DST/NRF, South Africa; MICINN, Spain; SRC, Sweden; Wallenberg Foundation, Sweden; SER, Switzerland; SNSF, Switzerland; Canton of Bern, Switzerland; Canton of Geneva, Switzerland; NSC, Taiwan; TAEK, Turkey; STFC, United Kingdom; Royal Society, United Kingdom; Leverhulme Trust, United Kingdom; DOE, United States of America; NSF, United States of America; [IN2P3-CNRS] FX We thank CERN for the very successful operation of the LHC, as well as the support staff from our institutions without whom ATLAS could not be operated efficiently.; We acknowledge the support of ANPCyT, Argentina; YerPhI, Armenia; ARC, Australia; BMWF, Austria; ANAS, Azerbaijan; SSTC, Belarus; CNPq and FAPESP, Brazil; NSERC, NRC and CFI, Canada; CERN; CONICYT, Chile; CAS, MOST and NSFC, China; COLCIENCIAS, Colombia; MSMT CR, MPO CR and VSC CR, Czech Republic; DNRF, DNSRC and Lundbeck Foundation, Denmark; EPLANET and ERC, European Union; IN2P3-CNRS, CEA-DSM/IRFU, France; GNAS, Georgia; BMBF, DFG, HGF, MPG and AvH Foundation, Germany; GSRT, Greece; ISF, MINERVA, GIF, DIP and Benoziyo Center, Israel; INFN, Italy; MEXT and JSPS, Japan; CNRST, Morocco; FOM and NWO, Netherlands; RCN, Norway; MNiSW, Poland; GRICES and FCT, Portugal; MERYS (MECTS), Romania; MES of Russia and ROSATOM, Russian Federation; JINR; MSTD, Serbia; MSSR, Slovakia; ARRS and MVZT, Slovenia; DST/NRF, South Africa; MICINN, Spain; SRC and Wallenberg Foundation, Sweden; SER, SNSF and Cantons of Bern and Geneva, Switzerland; NSC, Taiwan; TAEK, Turkey; STFC, the Royal Society and Leverhulme Trust, United Kingdom; DOE and NSF, United States of America. NR 27 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 59 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1029-8479 J9 J HIGH ENERGY PHYS JI J. High Energy Phys. PD MAY PY 2012 IS 5 AR 157 DI 10.1007/JHEP05(2012)157 PG 45 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 958LL UT WOS:000305238600077 ER PT J AU Aad, G Abbott, B Abdallah, J Khalek, SA Abdelalim, AA Abdesselam, A Abdinov, O Abi, B Abolins, M AbouZeid, OS Abramowicz, H Abreu, H Acerbi, E Acharya, BS Adamezyk, L Adams, DL Addy, TN Adelman, J Aderholz, M Adomeit, S Adragna, P Adye, T Aefsky, S Aguilar-Saavedra, JA Aharrouche, M Ahlen, SP Ahles, F Ahmad, A Ahsan, M Aielli, G Akdogan, T Akesson, TPA Akimoto, G Akimov, AV Akiyama, A Alam, MS Alam, MA Albert, J Albrand, S Aleksa, M Aleksandrov, IN Alessandria, F Alexa, C Alexander, G Alexandre, G Alexopoulos, T Alhroob, M Aliev, M Alimonti, G Alison, J Aliyev, M Allbrooke, BMM Allport, PP Allwood-Spiers, SE Almond, J Aloisio, A Alon, R Alonso, A Gonzalez, BA Alviggi, MG Amako, K Amaral, P Amelung, C Ammosov, VV Amorim, A Amoros, G Amram, N Anastopoulos, C Ancu, LS Andari, N Andeen, T Anders, CF Andersa, G Anderson, KJ Andreazza, A Andrei, V 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CA ATLAS Collaboration TI Jet mass and substructure of inclusive jets in root s=7 TeV pp collisions with the ATLAS experiment SO JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Hadron-Hadron Scattering ID PARTON DISTRIBUTIONS; HADRON-COLLISIONS; HERA; FRAGMENTATION; ALPHA(S); LHC AB Recent studies have highlighted the potential of jet substructure techniques to identify the hadronic decays of boosted heavy particles. These studies all rely upon the assumption that the internal substructure of jets generated by QCD radiation is well understood. In this article, this assumption is tested on an inclusive sample of jets recorded with the ATLAS detector in 2010, which corresponds to 35 pb(-1) of pp collisions delivered by the LHC at root s = 7 TeV. In a subsample of events with single pp collisions, measurements corrected for detector efficiency and resolution are presented with full systematic uncertainties. Jet invariant mass, k(t) splitting scales and N-subjettiness variables are presented for anti-k(t) R = 1.0 jets and Cambridge-Aachen R = 1.2 jets. Jet invariant-mass spectra for Cambridge-Aachen R = 1.2 jets after a splitting and filtering procedure are also presented. Leading-order parton-shower Monte Carlo predictions for these variables are found to be broadly in agreement with data. The dependence of mean jet mass on additional pp interactions is also explored. C1 [Aad, G.; Ahles, F.; Barber, T.; Bernhard, R.; Bitenc, U.; Bruneliere, R.; Christov, A.; Consorti, V.; Fehling-Kaschek, M.; Flech, M.; Glatzer, J.; Hartert, J.; Herten, G.; Homer, S.; Jakobs, K.; Janus, M.; Kollefrath, M.; Kononov, A. I.; Kuehn, S.; Lai, S.; Landgraf, U.; Lohwasser, K.; Ludwig, I.; Ludwig, J.; Lumb, D.; Mahboubi, K.; Mohr, W.; Nilsen, H.; Parzefall, U.; Rammensee, M.; Rave, T. C.; Runge, K.; Rurikova, Z.; Schmidt, E.; Schumacher, M.; Siegert, F.; Stoerig, K.; Sundermann, J. E.; Temming, K. 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J.; Dowell, J. D.; Garvey, J.; Hadley, D. R.; Harrison, K.; Hawkes, C. M.; Head, S. J.; Hillier, S. J.; Mahout, G.; Martin, T. A.; Mclaughlan, T.; Newman, P. R.; O'Neale, S. W.; Palmer, J. D.; Slater, M.; Thomas, J. P.; Thompson, P. D.; Watkins, P. M.; Watson, A. T.; Watson, M. F.; Wilson, J. A.] Univ Birmingham, Sch Phys & Astron, Birmingham, W Midlands, England. [Akdogan, T.; Arik, E.; Arik, M.; Istin, S.; Ozcan, V. E.; Rador, T.] Bogazici Univ, Dept Phys, Istanbul, Turkey. [Cetin, S. A.] Dogus Univ, Div Phys, Istanbul, Turkey. [Beddall, A. J.; Beddall, A.; Bingul, A.; Diblen, F.] Gaziantep Univ, Dept Engn Phys, Gaziantep, Turkey. Istanbul Tech Univ, Dept Phys, TR-80626 Istanbul, Turkey. [Bellagamba, L.; Bertin, A.; Bindi, M.; Boscherini, D.; Bruni, A.; Bruni, G.; Bruschi, M.; Caforio, D.; Ciocca, C.; Corradi, M.; De Castro, S.; Di Sipio, R.; Fabbri, L.; Giacobbe, B.; Giusti, P.; Jha, M. K.; Massa, I.; Mengarelli, A.; Monzani, S.; Piccinini, M.; Polini, A.; Rinaldi, L.; Romano, M.; Sbarra, C.; Sbrizzi, A.; Semprini-Cesari, N.; Spighi, R.; Valentinetti, S.; Villa, M.; Zoccoli, A.] INFN Sez Bologna, Bologna, Italy. [Bindi, M.; Caforio, D.; De Castro, S.; Di Sipio, R.; Fabbri, L.; Massa, I.; Mengarelli, A.; Monzani, S.; Piccinini, M.; Romano, M.; Sbrizzi, A.; Semprini-Cesari, N.; Valentinetti, S.; Villa, M.; Zoccoli, A.] Univ Bologna, Dipartimento Fis, Bologna, Italy. [Alhroob, M.; Anders, C. F.; Arutinov, D.; Backhaus, M.; Barbero, M.; Bechtle, P.; Brock, I.; Cristinziani, M.; Davey, W.; Desch, K.; Dingfelder, J.; Fischer, P.; Gaycken, G.; Geich-Gimbel, Ch.; Gonella, L.; Havranek, M.; Hellmich, D.; Hillert, S.; Huegging, F.; Ince, T.; Karagounis, M.; Khoriauli, G.; Koevesarki, P.; Kokott, T.; Kostyukhin, V. V.; Kraus, J. K.; Kroseberg, J.; Krueger, H.; Kruth, A.; Lapoire, C.; Lehmacher, M.; Leyko, A. M.; Limbach, C.; Loddenkoetter, T.; Mazur, M.; Moeser, N.; Mueller, K.; Nanava, G.; Nattermann, T.; Nuncio-Quiroz, A. -E.; Poghosyan, T.; Psoroulas, S.; Radics, B.; Schaepe, S.; Schmieden, K.; Schmitz, M.; Schultens, M. J.; Schumacher, J. W.; Schwindt, T.; Stillings, J. A.; Therhaag, J.; Tsung, J. -W.; Uchida, K.; Uhlenbrock, M.; Vlasov, N.; Vogel, A.; von Toerne, E.; Wang, T.; Wermes, N.; Wienemann, P.; Zendler, C.; Zimmermann, R.; Zimmermann, S.] Univ Bonn, Inst Phys, Bonn, Germany. [Ahlen, S. P.; Black, K. M.; Butler, J. M.; Dell'Asta, L.; Hazen, E.; Love, J.; Nation, N. R.; Posch, C.; Shank, J. T.; Whitaker, S. P.; Yan, Z.; Youssef, S.] Boston Univ, Dept Phys, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Aefsky, S.; Amelung, C.; Bensinger, J. R.; Blocker, C.; Daya-Ishmukhametova, R. K.; Gozpinar, S.; Kirsch, L. E.; Pomeroy, D.; Sciolla, G.; Skvorodnev, N.; Wellenstein, H.] Brandeis Univ, Dept Phys, Waltham, MA 02254 USA. [Caloba, L. P.; Coura Torres, R.; Da Silva, P. V. M.; Maidantchik, C.; Manhaes de Andrade Filho, L.; Marroquim, F.; Nepomuceno, A. A.; Perantoni, M.; Seixas, J. M.] Univ Fed Rio De Janeiro COPPE EE IF, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. [Cerqueira, A. S.] Fed Univ Juiz de Fora UFJF, Juiz De Fora, Brazil. [do Vale, M. A. B.] Fed Univ Sao Joao del Rei UFSJ, Sao Joao Del Rei, Brazil. [Donadelli, M.; Leite, M. A. L.] Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Fis, BR-01498 Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Adams, D. L.; Assamagan, K.; Baker, M. D.; Begel, M.; Bernius, C.; Chen, H.; Chernyatin, V.; Salgado, P. E. De Castro Faria; Debbe, R.; Dhullipudi, R.; Ernst, M.; Gadfort, T.; Gibbard, B.; Gordon, H. A.; Greenwood, Z. D.; Klimentov, A.; Lanni, F.; Lissauer, D.; Lynn, D.; Ma, H.; Maeno, T.; Majewski, S.; Nevski, P.; Nikolopoulos, K.; Damazio, D. 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D.; Cowden, C.; French, S. T.; Frost, J. A.; Hill, J. C.; Kaneti, S.; Khoo, T. J.; Lester, C. G.; Moeller, V.; Parker, M. A.; Robinson, D.; Sandoval, T.; Thomson, M.; Ward, C. P.] Univ Cambridge, Cavendish Lab, Cambridge CB3 0HE, England. [Gillberg, D.; Koffas, T.; Liu, C.; Marchand, J. F.; McCarthy, T. G.; Oakham, F. G.; Randrianarivony, K.; Tarrade, F.; Ueno, R.; Vincter, M. G.; Whalen, K.] Carleton Univ, Dept Phys, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada. [Aleksa, M.; Amaral, P.; Anastopoulos, C.; Anghinolfi, F.; Baak, M. A.; Bachas, K.; Banfi, D.; Battistin, M.; Bellina, F.; Bellomo, M.; Beltramello, O.; Berge, D.; Bertinelli, F.; Bianchi, R. M.; Blanchot, G.; Bogaerts, J. A.; Boyd, J.; Braem, A.; Bremer, J.; Burckhart, H.; Butin, F.; Campana, S.; Garrido, M. D. M. Capeans; Carli, T.; Cataneo, F.; Catinaccio, A.; Catmore, J. R.; Cattai, A.; Cerri, A.; Barajas, C. A. Chavez; Childers, J. T.; Chromek-Burckhart, D.; Cook, J.; Cote, D.; Danielsson, H. 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Varela; Veness, R.; Vinek, E.; Voss, R.; Vuillermet, R.; Wells, P. S.; Wengler, T.; Wenig, S.; Werner, P.; Wilkens, H. G.; Winklmeier, F.; Wotschack, J.; Zajacova, Z.; Zsenei, A.; Zwalinski, L.] CERN, Geneva, Switzerland. [Anderson, K. J.; Boveia, A.; Canelli, F.; Choudalakis, G.; Costin, T.; Feng, E. J.; Fiascaris, M.; Firan, A.; Gardner, R. W.; Gupta, A.; Plante, I. Jen-La; Kapliy, A.; Melachrinos, C.; Merritt, F. S.; Meyer, C.; Miller, D. W.; Onyisi, P. U. E.; Oreglia, M. J.; Penning, B.; Pilcher, J. E.; Shochet, M. J.; Tompkins, L.; Tuggle, J. M.] Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Diaz, M. A.; Olivares Pino, S. A.; Panesa, B.; Quinonez, F.] Pontificia Univ Catolica Chile, Dept Fis, Santiago, Chile. [Brooks, W. K.; Carquin, E.; Kueshov, S.; Pezoa, R.; Prokoshin, F.] Univ Tecn Fedrico Santa Maria, Dept Fis, Valparaiso, Chile. [Bai, Y.; Cheng, S.; Han, H.; Jin, S.; Lu, F.; Ouyang, Q.; Ruan, X.; Shan, L. Y.; Tong, G.; Xie, Y.; Xu, G.; Yang, Y.; Yuan, L.; Zheng, S.] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst High Energy Phys, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Han, L.; Jiang, Y.; Jin, G.; Li, S.; Liu, M.; Liu, Y.; Peng, H.; Wang, H.; Wu, Y.; Xu, C.; Zhang, D.; Zhao, Z.; Zhu, Y.] Univ Sci & Technol China, Dept Modern Phys, Hefei, Anhui, Peoples R China. [Chen, S.; Chen, T.; Ping, J.] Nanjing Univ, Dept Phys, Nanjing, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Canelli, F.; Feng, C.; Ge, P.; He, M.; Miao, J.; Zhan, Z.; Zhang, X.; Zhu, C. C.] Shandong Univ, Sch Phys, Jinan, Shandong, Peoples R China. [Boumediene, D.; Busato, E.; Calvet, D.; Calvet, S.; Toro, R. Camacho; Cinca, D.; Donini, J.; Febbraro, R.; Ghodbane, N.; Guicheney, C.; Liao, H.; Pallin, D.; Hernandez, D. Paredes; Podlyski, F.; Santoni, C.; Says, L. P.; Vazeille, F.] Clermont Univ, Phys Corpusculaire Lab, Aubiere, France. [Boumediene, D.; Busato, E.; Calvet, D.; Calvet, S.; Toro, R. Camacho; Cinca, D.; Donini, J.; Febbraro, R.; Ghodbane, N.; Guicheney, C.; Liao, H.; Pallin, D.; Hernandez, D. Paredes; Podlyski, F.; Santoni, C.; Says, L. P.; Vazeille, F.] Univ Clermont Ferrand, Aubiere, France. [Boumediene, D.; Busato, E.; Calvet, D.; Calvet, S.; Toro, R. Camacho; Cinca, D.; Donini, J.; Febbraro, R.; Ghodbane, N.; Guicheney, C.; Liao, H.; Pallin, D.; Hernandez, D. Paredes; Podlyski, F.; Santoni, C.; Says, L. P.; Vazeille, F.] CNRS IN2P3, Aubiere, France. [Andeen, T.; Angerami, A.; Brooijmans, G.; Dodd, J.; Grau, N.; Guo, J.; Hughes, E. W.; Leltchouk, M.; Nikiforou, N.; Parsons, J. A.; Penson, A.; Perez, K.; Reale, V. Perez; Scherzer, M. I.; Thompson, E. N.; Tian, F.; Tuts, P. M.; Urbaniec, D.; Williams, E.; Willis, W.; Wulf, E.; Zivkovic, L.] Columbia Univ, Nevis Lab, Irvington, NY USA. [Boelaert, N.; Dam, M.; Driouichi, C.; Gregersen, K.; Hansen, J. R.; Hansen, J. B.; Hansen, J. D.; Hansen, P. H.; Heisterkamp, S.; Jakobsen, S.; Jez, P.; Joergensen, M. D.; Kadlecik, P.; Klinkby, E. B.; Lundquist, J.; Mackeprang, R.; Mehlhase, S.; Petersen, T. C.; Simonyan, M.; Thomsen, L. A.; Xella, S.] Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, Copenhagen, Denmark. [Capua, M.; Crosetti, G.; Fazio, S.; La Rotonda, L.; Lavorini, V.; Mastroberardino, A.; Morello, G.; Policicchio, A.; Salvatore, D.; Schioppa, M.; Susinno, G.; Tassi, E.] INFN Grp Collegato Cosenza, Cosenza, Italy. [Capua, M.; Crosetti, G.; Fazio, S.; La Rotonda, L.; Lavorini, V.; Mastroberardino, A.; Morello, G.; Policicchio, A.; Salvatore, D.; Schioppa, M.; Susinno, G.; Tassi, E.] Univ Calabria, Dipartimento Fis, Arcavacata Di Rende, Italy. [Adamezyk, L.; Bold, T.; Dabrowski, W.; Dwuznik, M.; Grabowska-Bold, I.; Jelen, K.; Kisielewska, D.; Koperny, S.; Kowalski, T. Z.; Mindur, B.; Przybycien, M.; Toczek, B.] AGH Univ Sci & Technol, Fac Phys & Appl Comp Sci, Krakow, Poland. [Banas, E.; Blocki, J.; de Renstrom, P. A. Bruckman; Derendarz, D.; Gornicki, E.; Hajduk, Z.; Iwanski, W.; Kaczmarska, A.; Korcyl, K.; Malecki, Pa.; Malecki, P.; Olszewski, A.; Olszowska, J.; Stanecka, E.; Trzebinski, M.; Trzupek, A.; Turala, M.; Wolter, M. W.; Wosiek, B. K.; Wozniak, K. W.; Zabinski, B.; Zemla, A.] Polish Acad Sci, Henryk Niewodniczanski Inst Nucl Phys, Krakow, Poland. [Yagci, K. Dindar; Firan, A.; Hadavand, H. K.; Hoffman, J.; Ilchenko, Y.; Ishmukhametov, R.; Joffe, D.; Kama, S.; Kehoe, R.; Randle-Conde, A. S.; Rios, R. R.; Sekula, S. J.; Stroynowski, R.; Ye, J.] So Methodist Univ, Dept Phys, Dallas, TX 75275 USA. [Ahsan, M.; Izen, J. M.; Lou, X.; Reeves, K.; Wong, W. C.] Univ Texas Dallas, Dept Phys, Richardson, TX 75083 USA. [Kuutmann, E. Bergeaas; Boehler, M.; Dietrich, J.; Ehrenfeld, W.; Ferrara, V.; Fischer, G.; Glazov, A.; Goebel, M.; Fajardo, L. S. Gomez; Da Costa, J. Goncalves Pinto Firmino; Gosdzik, B.; Grahn, K-J.; Gregor, I. M.; Hiller, K. H.; Huettmann, A.; Husemann, U.; Belenguer, M. Jimenez; Johnert, S.; Karnevskiy, M.; Katzy, J.; Kono, T.; Kuhl, T.; Lange, C.; Lobodzinska, E.; Ludwig, D.; Maettig, S.; Medinnis, M.; Mijovic, L.; Moenig, K.; Naumann, T.; Cavalcanti, T. Perez; Petschull, D.; Piec, S. M.; Qin, Z.; Radescu, V.; Rubinskiy, I.; Sedov, G.; Stanescu-Bellu, M.; Styles, N. A.; Tackmann, K.; Vankov, P.; Viti, M.; Wasicki, C.; Wildt, M. A.; Zhu, H.] DESY, D-2000 Hamburg, Germany. [Kuutmann, E. Bergeaas; Boehler, M.; Dietrich, J.; Ehrenfeld, W.; Ferrara, V.; Fischer, G.; Glazov, A.; Goebel, M.; Fajardo, L. S. Gomez; Da Costa, J. Goncalves Pinto Firmino; Gosdzik, B.; Grahn, K-J.; Gregor, I. M.; Hiller, K. H.; Huettmann, A.; Husemann, U.; Belenguer, M. Jimenez; Johnert, S.; Karnevskiy, M.; Katzy, J.; Kono, T.; Kuhl, T.; Lange, C.; Lobodzinska, E.; Ludwig, D.; Maettig, S.; Medinnis, M.; Mijovic, L.; Moenig, K.; Naumann, T.; Cavalcanti, T. Perez; Petschull, D.; Piec, S. M.; Qin, Z.; Radescu, V.; Rubinskiy, I.; Sedov, G.; Stanescu-Bellu, M.; Styles, N. A.; Tackmann, K.; Vankov, P.; Viti, M.; Wasicki, C.; Wildt, M. A.; Zhu, H.] DESY, Zeuthen, Germany. [Bunse, M.; Goessling, C.; Hirsch, F.; Jung, C. A.; Klaiber-Lodewigs, J.; Klingenberg, R.; Reisinger, I.; Wunstorf, R.] Tech Univ Dortmund, Inst Expt Phys 4, Dortmund, Germany. [Czodrowski, P.; D'Auria, S.; Friedrich, F.; Goepfert, T.; Kar, D.; Kobel, M.; Leonhardt, K.; Ludwig, A.; Mader, W. F.; Morgenstern, M.; Prudent, X.; Rudolph, C.; Schwierz, R.; Seifert, F.; Steinbach, P.; Straessner, A.; Vest, A.] Tech Univ Dresden, Inst Kern & Teilchenphys, D-01062 Dresden, Germany. [Arce, A. T. H.; Benjamin, D. P.; Bocci, A.; Ebenstein, W. L.; Fowler, A. J.; Ko, B. R.; Kotwal, A.; Oh, S. H.; Wang, C.; Yamaoka, J.] Duke Univ, Dept Phys, Durham, NC 27706 USA. [Bhimji, W.; Buckley, A. G.; Clark, P. J.; Debenedetti, C.; Harrington, R. D.; Martin, V. J.; O'Brien, B. J.; Selbach, K. E.; Smart, B. H.; Wynne, B. M.] Univ Edinburgh, SUPA Sch Phys & Astron, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland. Fachhsch Wiener Neustadt, A-2700 Wiener Neustadt, Austria. [Annovi, A.; Antonelli, M.; Bilokon, H.; Cerutti, F.; Curatolo, M.; Di Nardo, R.; Esposito, B.; Ferrer, M. L.; Gatti, C.; Laurelli, P.; Maccarrone, G.; Sansoni, A.; Testa, M.; Vilucchi, E.; Volpi, G.] INFN Lab Nazl Frascati, Frascati, Italy. [Abdelalim, A. A.; Alexandre, G.; Backes, M.; Barone, G.; Bell, P. J.; Bell, W. H.; Noccioli, E. Benhar; Blondel, A.; Bucci, F.; Clark, A.; Dao, V.; Doglioni, C.; Ferrere, D.; Gadomski, S.; Gonzalez-Sevilla, S.; Goulette, M. P.; Iacobucci, G.; La Rosa, A.; Leger, A.; Lister, A.; Latour, B. Martin dit; Mermod, P.; Herrera, C. Mora; Nektarijevic, S.; Nessi, M.; Nikolics, K.; Pasztor, G.; Picazio, A.; Pohl, M.; Rosbach, K.; Rosselet, L.; Wu, X.] Univ Geneva, Sect Phys, Geneva, Switzerland. [Barberis, D.; Beecherle, R.; Caso, C.; Dameri, M.; Darbo, G.; Parodi, A. Ferretto; Gagliardi, G.; Gemme, C.; Morettini, P.; Olcese, M.; Osculati, B.; Parodi, F.; Passaggio, S.; Rossi, L. P.; Schiavi, C.] INFN Sez Genova, Genoa, Italy. [Barberis, D.; Caso, C.; Dameri, M.; Parodi, A. Ferretto; Gagliardi, G.; Osculati, B.; Parodi, F.; Schiavi, C.] Univ Genoa, Dipartimento Fis, Genoa, Italy. [Chikovani, L.; Tskhadadze, E. G.] Tbilisi State Univ, E Andronikashvili Inst Phys, GE-380086 Tbilisi, Rep of Georgia. [Djobava, T.; Khubua, J.; Mchedlidze, G.; Mosidze, M.] Tbilisi State Univ, Inst High Energy Phys, Tbilisi, Rep of Georgia. [Astvatsatourov, A.; Dueren, M.; Stenze, H.] Univ Giessen, Inst Phys 2, D-6300 Giessen, Germany. [Allwood-Spiers, S. E.; Bates, R. L.; Britton, D.; Bussey, P.; Buttar, C. M.; Collins-Tooth, C.; Doherty, T.; Doyle, A. T.; Edwards, N. C.; Ferrag, S.; Ferrando, J.; de Lima, D. E. Ferreira; Gemmell, A.; Kenyon, M.; McGlone, H.; Moraes, A.; O'Shea, V.; Barrera, C. Oropeza; Robson, A.; Saxon, D. H.; Smith, K. M.; Denis, R. D. St.; Steele, G.; Thompson, A. S.; Wraight, K.; Wright, C.; Wright, M.] Univ Glasgow, SUPA Sch Phys & Astron, Glasgow, Lanark, Scotland. [Ay, C.; Bierwagen, K.; Blumenschein, U.; Brandt, O.; Erdmann, J.; Evangelakou, D.; George, M.; Grosse-Knetter, J.; Guindon, S.; Haller, J.; Hamer, M.; Henrichs, A.; Hense, C.; Keil, M.; Knue, A.; Kohn, F.; Krieger, N.; Kroeninger, K.; Lemmer, B.; Magradze, E.; Mann, A.; Meyer, J.; Morel, J.; Pashapour, S.; Quadt, A.; Roe, A.; Serkin, L.; Shabalina, E.; Uhrmacher, M.; Schroeder, T. Vazquez; Weber, P.; Weingarten, J.] Univ Gottingen, Inst Phys 2, Gottingen, Germany. [Albrand, S.; Andrieux, M-L.; Buat, Q.; Clement, B.; Collot, J.; Crepe-Renaudin, S.; Dechenaux, B.; Delemontex, T.; Delsart, P. A.; Genest, M. H.; Hostachy, J-Y.; Laisne, E.; Ledroit-Guillon, F.; Lleres, A.; Lucotte, A.; Malek, F.; Martin, Ph.; Polci, F.; Stark, J.; Sun, X.; Trocme, B.; Wang, J.; Weydert, C.] Univ Grenoble 1, Lab Phys Subatom & Cosmol, Grenoble, France. [Albrand, S.; Andrieux, M-L.; Buat, Q.; Clement, B.; Collot, J.; Crepe-Renaudin, S.; Dechenaux, B.; Delemontex, T.; Delsart, P. A.; Genest, M. H.; Hostachy, J-Y.; Laisne, E.; Ledroit-Guillon, F.; Lleres, A.; Lucotte, A.; Malek, F.; Martin, Ph.; Polci, F.; Stark, J.; Sun, X.; Trocme, B.; Wang, J.; Weydert, C.] CNRS IN2P3, Grenoble, France. [Albrand, S.; Andrieux, M-L.; Buat, Q.; Clement, B.; Collot, J.; Crepe-Renaudin, S.; Dechenaux, B.; Delemontex, T.; Delsart, P. A.; Genest, M. H.; Hostachy, J-Y.; Laisne, E.; Ledroit-Guillon, F.; Lleres, A.; Lucotte, A.; Malek, F.; Martin, Ph.; Polci, F.; Stark, J.; Sun, X.; Trocme, B.; Wang, J.; Weydert, C.] Inst Natl Polytech Grenoble, F-38031 Grenoble, France. [Addy, T. N.; Harvey, A.; McFarlane, K. W.; Shin, T.; Vassilakopoulos, V. I.] Hampton Univ, Dept Phys, Hampton, VA 23668 USA. [da Costa, J. Barreiro Guimaraes; Belloni, A.; Brandenburg, G. W.; Conti, G.; Franklin, M.; Hurst, P.; Huth, J.; Jeanty, L.; Kagan, M.; Mateos, D. Lopez; Outschoorn, V. Martinez; Mercurio, K. M.; Mills, C.; Moed, S.; Morii, M.; Skottowe, H. P.; Smith, B. C.; della Porta, G. Zevi] Harvard Univ, Lab Particle Phys & Cosmol, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Andersa, G.; Andrei, V.; Davygora, Y.; Dietzsch, T. A.; Geweniger, C.; Hanke, P.; Henke, M.; Khomich, A.; Kluge, E. -E.; Lendermann, V.; Meier, K.; Mueller, F.; Poddar, S.; Scharf, V.; Schultz-Coulon, H. -C.; Stamen, R.; Wessels, M.] Heidelberg Univ, Kirchhoff Inst Phys, Heidelberg, Germany. [Kasieczka, G.; Narayan, R.; Schaetzel, S.; Schmitt, S.; Schoening, A.] Heidelberg Univ, Inst Phys, D-6900 Heidelberg, Germany. [Kugel, A.; Maenner, R.; Schroer, N.] Heidelberg Univ, ZITI Inst Tech Informat, D-6800 Mannheim, Germany. [Nagasaka, Y.] Hiroshima Inst Technol, Fac Appl Informat Sci, Hiroshima, Japan. [Brunet, S.; Cwetanski, P.; Evans, H.; Gagnon, P.; Jain, V.; Luehring, F.; Ogren, H.; Penwell, J.; Price, D.; Whittington, D.; Yang, Y.; Zieminska, D.] Indiana Univ, Dept Phys, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. [Epp, B.; Jussel, P.; Kneringer, E.; Kuhn, D.; Lukas, W.; Rudolph, G.] Leopold Franzens Univ, Inst Astro & Teilchenphys, Innsbruck, Austria. [Behera, P. K.; Limper, M.; Mallik, U.; Pylypchenko, Y.; Zaidan, R.] Univ Iowa, Iowa City, IA USA. [Chen, C.; Cochran, J.; Dudziak, F.; Krumnack, N.; Mete, A. S.; Meyer, W. T.; Prell, S.; Rosenberg, E. I.; Ruiz-Martinez, A.; Shrestha, S.; Yamamoto, K.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA USA. [Aleksandrov, I. N.; Barashkou, A.; Bardin, D. Y.; Bednyakov, V. A.; Boyko, I. R.; Budagov, I. A.; Chelkov, G. A.; Cheplakov, A.; Chepurnov, V. F.; Chizhov, M. V.; Dedovich, D. V.; Demichev, M.; Glonti, G. L.; Gostkin, M. I.; Grigalashvili, N.; Gusakov, Y.; Huseynov, N.; Kalinovskaya, L. V.; Kazarinov, M. Y.; Kekelidze, C. D.; Kharchenko, D.; Khovanskiy, N.; Khramov, E.; Kolesnikov, V.; Kotov, V. M.; Kruchonak, U.; Krumshteyn, Z. V.; Kukhtin, V.; Ladygin, E.; Lazarev, A. B.; Manjavidze, I. D.; Minashvili, I. A.; Mineev, M.; Nikolaev, K.; Olchevski, A. G.; Peshekhonov, V. D.; Plotnikova, E.; Pozdnyakov, V.; Romanov, V. M.; Rumyantsev, L.; Rusakovich, N. A.; Sadykov, R.; Shiyakova, M.; Sisakyan, A. N.; Topilin, N. D.; Vinogradov, V. B.; Zhemchugov, A.] Joint Inst Nucl Res Dubna, Joint Inst Nucl Res, Dubna, Russia. [Amako, K.; Arai, Y.; Doi, Y.; Haruyama, T.; Ikegami, Y.; Ikeno, M.; Iwasaki, H.; Kanzaki, J.; Kohriki, T.; Kondo, T.; Makida, Y.; Manabe, A.; Mitsui, S.; Nagano, K.; Nozaki, M.; Odaka, S.; Sasaki, O.; Suzuki, Y.; Takubo, Y.; Tanaka, S.; Terada, S.; Tojo, J.; Tokushuku, K.; Tsuno, S.; Unno, Y.; Yamada, M.; Yamamoto, A.; Yasu, Y.] High Energy Accelerator Res Org, KEK, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan. [Akiyama, A.; Hayakawa, T.; Homma, Y.; Ichimiya, R.; Ishikawa, A.; Kawagoe, K.; King, M.; Kishimoto, T.; Kurashige, H.; Matsushita, T.; Miyazaki, K.; Nishiyama, T.; Ochi, A.; Okada, S.; Omachi, C.; Suita, K.; Suzuki, Y.; Takeda, H.; Tani, K.; Tokunaga, K.; Yamazaki, Y.] Kobe Univ, Grad Sch Sci, Kobe, Hyogo 657, Japan. [Ishino, M.; Sasao, N.; Sumida, T.] Kyoto Univ, Fac Sci, Kyoto, Japan. [Takashima, R.] Kyoto Univ, Kyoto 612, Japan. [Anduaga, X. S.; Dova, M. T.; Monticelli, F.; Tripiana, M. F.] Univ Nacl La Plata, Inst Fis La Plata, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina. [Anduaga, X. S.; Dova, M. T.; Monticelli, F.; Tripiana, M. F.] Consejo Nacl Invest Cient & Tecn, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina. [Barton, A. E.; Borissov, G.; Bouhova-Thacker, E. V.; Brodbeck, T. J.; Chilingarov, A.; Davidson, R.; de Mora, L.; Dearnaley, W. J.; Fox, H.; Henderson, R. C. W.; Hughes, G.; Jones, R. W. L.; Kartvelishvili, V.; Long, R. E.; Love, P. A.; Ratoff, P. N.; Smizanska, M.; Walder, J.] Univ Lancaster, Dept Phys, Lancaster, England. [Bianco, M.; Cataldi, G.; Chiodini, G.; Crupi, R.; Gorini, E.; Grancagnolo, F.; Guida, A.; Orlando, N.; Perrino, R.; Primavera, M.; Spagnolo, S.; Ventura, A.] INFN Sez Lecce, Lecce, Italy. [Bianco, M.; Crupi, R.; Gorini, E.; Guida, A.; Orlando, N.; Spagnolo, S.; Ventura, A.] Univ Salento, Dipartimento Fis, Lecce, Italy. [Allport, P. P.; Burdin, S.; D'Onofrio, M.; Dervan, P.; Greenshaw, T.; Gwilliam, C. B.; Hayward, H. S.; Houlden, M. A.; Jackson, J. N.; Jones, T. J.; King, B. T.; Klein, M.; Klein, U.; Kluge, T.; Kretzschmar, J.; Laycock, P.; Mahmoud, S.; Maxfield, S. J.; Mehta, A.; Migas, S.; Price, J.; Sellers, G.; Vossebeld, J. H.; Waller, P.; Wrona, B.] Univ Liverpool, Oliver Lodge Lab, Liverpool L69 3BX, Merseyside, England. [Cindro, V.; Deliyergiyev, M.; Dolenc, I.; Filipcic, A.; Gorisek, A.; Kersevan, B. P.; Kramberger, G.; Macek, B.; Mandic, I.; Mikuz, M.; Tykhonov, A.] Jozef Stefan Inst, Dept Phys, Ljubljana, Slovenia. [Cindro, V.; Deliyergiyev, M.; Dolenc, I.; Filipcic, A.; Gorisek, A.; Kersevan, B. P.; Kramberger, G.; Macek, B.; Mandic, I.; Mikuz, M.; Tykhonov, A.] Univ Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia. [Adragna, P.; Bona, M.; Carter, A. A.; Cerrito, L.; Eisenhandler, E.; Ellis, K.; Goddard, J. R.; Landon, M. P. J.; Lloyd, S. L.; Morin, J.; Morris, J. D.; Piccaro, E.; Poll, J.; Rizvi, E.; Salamanna, G.; Stevenson, K.; Castanheira, M. Teixeira Dias; Wiglesworth, C.] Queen Mary Univ London, Sch Phys & Astron, London, England. [Alam, M. A.; Berry, T.; Boisvert, V.; Cowan, G.; Edwards, C. A.; George, S.; Concalo, R.; Hayden, D.; Misiejuk, A.; Pastore, Fr.; Rose, M.; Spano, F.; Strong, J. A.; Teixeira-Dias, P.] Royal Holloway Univ London, Dept Phys, Surrey, England. [Baker, S.; Bernat, P.; Bieniek, S. P.; Butterworth, J. M.; Campanelli, M.; Chislett, R. T.; Christidi, I. A.; Cooper, B. D.; Davison, A. R.; Dean, S.; Dobson, E.; Hesketh, G. G.; Jansen, E.; Jones, T. W.; Konstantinidis, N.; Lambourne, L.; Monk, J.; Nash, M.; Nurse, E.; Prabhu, R.; Richards, A.; Robinson, J. E. M.; Sherwood, P.; Simmons, B.; Taylor, C.; Waugh, B. M.; Wijeratne, P. A.] UCL, Dept Phys & Astron, London, England. [Beau, T.; Bomben, M.; Bordoni, S.; Calderini, G.; Cavalleri, P.; Chareyre, E.; De Cecco, S.; Derue, F.; Krasny, M. W.; Kuna, M.; Lacour, D.; Laforge, B.; Laplace, S.; Le Dortz, O.; Marchiori, G.; Nikolic-Audit, I.; Ocariz, J.; Ridel, M.; Roos, L.; Schwemling, Ph.; Theveneaux-Pelzer, T.; Torres, H.; Trincaz-Duvoid, S.; Trinh, T. N.; Vannucci, F.; Yuan, L.] UPMC, Lab Phys Nucl & Hautes Energies, Paris, France. [Beau, T.; Bomben, M.; Bordoni, S.; Calderini, G.; Cavalleri, P.; Chareyre, E.; De Cecco, S.; Derue, F.; Krasny, M. W.; Kuna, M.; Lacour, D.; Laforge, B.; Laplace, S.; Le Dortz, O.; Marchiori, G.; Nikolic-Audit, I.; Ocariz, J.; Ridel, M.; Roos, L.; Schwemling, Ph.; Theveneaux-Pelzer, T.; Torres, H.; Trincaz-Duvoid, S.; Trinh, T. N.; Vannucci, F.; Yuan, L.] Univ Paris Diderot, Paris, France. [Beau, T.; Bomben, M.; Bordoni, S.; Calderini, G.; Cavalleri, P.; Chareyre, E.; De Cecco, S.; Derue, F.; Krasny, M. W.; Kuna, M.; Lacour, D.; Laforge, B.; Laplace, S.; Le Dortz, O.; Marchiori, G.; Nikolic-Audit, I.; Ocariz, J.; Ridel, M.; Roos, L.; Schwemling, Ph.; Theveneaux-Pelzer, T.; Torres, H.; Trincaz-Duvoid, S.; Trinh, T. N.; Vannucci, F.; Yuan, L.] CNRS IN2P3, Paris, France. [Akesson, T. P. A.; Alonso, A.; Bocchetta, S. S.; Floderus, A.; Hawkins, A. D.; Hedberg, V.; Jarlskog, G.; Lundberg, B.; Lytken, E.; Meirose, B.; Mjornmark, J. U.; Smirnova, O.] Lund Univ, Fysiska Inst, Lund, Sweden. [Arnal, V.; Barreiro, F.; Cantero, J.; De la Torre, H.; Del Peso, J.; Glasman, C.; Labarga, L.; Lagouri, T.; Llorente Merino, J.; March, L.; Nebot, E.; Terron, J.] Univ Autonoma Madrid, Dept Fis Teor C 15, Madrid, Spain. [Aharrouche, M.; Arnaez, O.; Bendel, M.; Blum, W.; Buescher, V.; Caputo, R.; Eckweiler, S.; Edmonds, K.; Ellinghaus, F.; Ertel, E.; Fiedler, F.; Fleckner, J.; Goeringer, C.; Handel, C.; Hohlfeld, M.; Hsu, P. J.; Ji, W.; Kawamura, G.; Kleinknecht, K.; Koenig, S.; Koepke, L.; Lungwitz, M.; Masetti, L.; Meyer, C.; Moreno, D.; Mueller, T.; Neusiedl, A.; Sander, H. G.; Schaefer, U.; Schmitt, C.; Schroeder, C.; Tapprogge, S.] Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, D-6500 Mainz, Germany. [Almond, J.; Borri, M.; Brown, G.; Chavda, V.; Cox, B. E.; Da Via, C.; Duerdoth, I. P.; Forti, A.; Foster, J. M.; Howarth, J.; Hughes-Jones, R. E.; Ibbotson, M.; Joshi, K. D.; Klinger, J. A.; Kolya, S. D.; Lane, J. L.; Loebinger, F. K.; Marshall, R.; Marx, M.; Masik, J.; Neep, T. J.; Oh, A.; Owen, M.; Pater, J. R.; Pilkington, A. D.; Schwanenberger, C.; Snow, S. W.; Watts, S.; Yang, U. K.] Univ Manchester, Sch Phys & Astron, Manchester, Lancs, England. [Aoun, S.; Bee, C. P.; Benchouk, C.; Bertella, C.; Bousson, N.; Clemens, J. C.; Coadou, Y.; Djama, F.; Etienne, F.; Feligioni, L.; Henry-Couannier, F.; Hoffmann, D.; Hubaut, F.; Knoops, E. B. F. G.; Le Guirriec, E.; Li, B.; Li, S.; Maurer, J.; Monnier, E.; Odier, J.; Pralavorio, P.; Qian, Z.; Rozanov, A.; Talby, M.; Tannoury, N.; Tisserant, S.; Toth, J.; Touchard, F.; Vacavant, L.] Aix Marseille Univ, CPPM, Marseille, France. [Aoun, S.; Bee, C. P.; Benchouk, C.; Bertella, C.; Bousson, N.; Clemens, J. C.; Coadou, Y.; Djama, F.; Etienne, F.; Feligioni, L.; Henry-Couannier, F.; Hoffmann, D.; Hubaut, F.; Knoops, E. B. F. G.; Le Guirriec, E.; Li, B.; Li, S.; Maurer, J.; Monnier, E.; Odier, J.; Pralavorio, P.; Qian, Z.; Rozanov, A.; Talby, M.; Tannoury, N.; Tisserant, S.; Toth, J.; Touchard, F.; Vacavant, L.] CNRS IN2P3, Marseille, France. [Brau, B.; Colon, G.; Dallapiccola, C.; Meade, A.; Moyse, E. J. W.; Pais, P.; Pueschel, E.; van Eldik, N.; Varol, T.; Willocq, S.; Woudstra, M. J.] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Phys, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. [Belanger-Champagne, C.; Caron, B.; Chapleau, B.; Cheatham, S.; Corriveau, F.; Dobbs, M.; Dufour, M-A.; Guler, H.; Klemetti, M.; Robertson, S. H.; Rios, C. Santamarina; Schram, M.; Stockton, M. C.; Vachon, B.; Warburton, A.] McGill Univ, Dept Phys, Montreal, PQ, Canada. [Barberio, E. L.; Davidson, N.; Diglio, S.; Kubota, T.; Limosani, A.; Moorhead, C. F.; Hanninger, G. Nunes; Phan, A.; Sevior, M. E.; Shao, Q. T.; Taylor, G. N.; Volpi, M.; White, M. J.] Univ Melbourne, Sch Phys, Melbourne, Vic 3010, Australia. [Armbruster, A. J.; Borroni, S.; Chapman, J. W.; Cirilli, M.; Dai, T.; Diehl, E. B.; Eppig, A.; Ferretti, C.; Goldfarb, S.; Harper, D.; Levin, D.; Li, X.; Liu, H.; Liu, J. B.; Mc Kee, S. P.; Neal, H. A.; Panikashvili, N.; Purdham, J.; Qian, J.; Scheirich, D.; Thun, R. P.; Walch, S.; Wilson, A.; Wooden, G.; Wu, Y.; Yang, H.; Zhou, B.; Zhu, J.] Univ Michigan, Dept Phys, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Abolins, M.; Gonzalez, B. Alvarez; Arabidze, G.; Brock, R.; Bromberg, C.; Caughron, S.; Fedorko, W.; Hauser, R.; Heim, S.; Holzbauer, J. L.; Huston, J.; Koll, J.; Kraus, J.; Linnemann, J. T.; Mangeard, P. S.; Martin, B.; Miller, R. J.; Pope, B. G.; Ryan, P.; Schwienhorst, R.; Stelzer, H. J.; Tollefson, K.; Zhaug, H.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Acerbi, E.; Alessandria, F.; Alimonti, G.; Andreazza, A.; Baccaglioni, G.; Besana, M. I.; Broggi, F.; Carminati, L.; Cavalli, D.; Citterio, M.; Consonni, S. M.; Costa, G.; Fanti, M.; Favareto, A.; Giugni, D.; Koletsou, I.; Lari, T.; Mandelli, L.; Mazzanti, M.; Meroni, C.; Montesano, S.; Perini, L.; Pizio, C.; Ragusa, F.; Resconi, S.; Rivoltella, G.; Simoniello, R.; Tartarell, C. F.; Troncon, C.; Turra, R.; Vegni, G.; Volpini, G.] INFN Sez Milano, Milan, Italy. [Acerbi, E.; Andreazza, A.; Besana, M. I.; Carminati, L.; Consonni, S. M.; Fanti, M.; Favareto, A.; Montesano, S.; Perini, L.; Pizio, C.; Ragusa, F.; Rivoltella, G.; Simoniello, R.; Turra, R.; Vegni, G.] Univ Milan, Dipartimento Fis, Milan, Italy. [Bogouch, A.; Harkusha, S.; Kulchitsky, Y.; Kurochkin, Y. A.; Satsounkevitch, I.; Tsiareshka, P. V.] Natl Acad Sci Belarus, BI Stepanov Phys Inst, Minsk, Byelarus. [Gilewsky, V.; Rumiantsev, V.; Starovoitov, P.; Yanush, S.] Natl Sci & Educ Ctr Particle & High Energy Phys, Minsk, Byelarus. [Taylor, F. E.] MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Azuelos, G.; Banerjee, P.; Bouchami, J.; Davies, M.; Ferland, J.; Giunta, M.; Guler, H.; Lebel, C.; Leroy, C.; Goia, J. A. Macana; Martin, J. P.; Mehdiyev, R.; Scallon, O.] Univ Montreal, Grp Particle Phys, Montreal, PQ, Canada. [Akimov, A. V.; Baranov, S. P.; Gavrilenko, I. L.; Komar, A. A.; Mashinistov, R.; Mouraviev, S. V.; Nechaeva, P. Yu.; Shmeleva, A.; Snesarev, A. A.; Sulin, V. V.; Tikhomirov, V. O.] Acad Sci, PN Lebedev Phys Inst, Moscow, Russia. [Artamonov, A.; Gorbounov, P. A.; Khovanskiy, V.; Shatalov, P. B.; Tsukerman, I. I.] Inst Theoret & Expt Phys, Moscow 117259, Russia. [Antonov, A.; Belotskiy, K.; Bondarenko, V. G.; Bulekov, O.; Dolgoshein, B. A.; Kantserov, V. A.; Khodinov, A.; Morozov, S. V.; Romaniouk, A.; Shulga, E.; Smirnov, S. Yu.; Smirnov, Y.; Soldatov, E.; Timoshenko, S.] Moscow Engn & Phys Inst MEPhI, Moscow, Russia. [Gladilin, L. K.; Grishkevich, Y. V.; Kramarenko, V. A.; Rud, V. I.; Sivoklokov, S. Yu.; Smirnova, L. N.] Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Skobeltsyn Inst Nucl Phys, Moscow, Russia. [Adomeit, S.; Beale, S.; Becker, S.; Biebel, O.; Calfayan, P.; de Graat, J.; Duckeck, G.; Ebke, J.; Elmsheuser, J.; Engl, A.; Galea, C.; Heller, C.; Hertenberger, R.; Kennedy, J.; Kummer, C.; Legger, F.; Lichtnecker, M.; Lorenz, J.; Mameghani, R.; Mueller, T. A.; Nunnemann, T.; Oakes, L. B.; Rauscher, F.; Reznicek, P.; Ruckert, B.; Sanders, M. P.; Schaile, D.; Schieck, J.; Serfon, C.; Staude, A.; Vladoiu, D.; Walker, R.; Will, J. Z.; Zhuang, X.] Univ Munich, Fak Phys, Munich, Germany. [Aderholz, M.; Barillari, T.; Beimforde, M.; Bethke, S.; Bronner, J.; Capriotti, D.; Cortiana, G.; Dannheim, D.; Dubbert, J.; Ehrich, T.; Flowerdew, M. J.; Giovannini, P.; Goettfert, T.; Groh, M.; Haefner, P.; Hauff, D.; Jantsch, A.; Kaiser, S.; Kiryunin, A. E.; Kluth, S.; Kortner, O.; Kortner, S.; Kotov, S.; Kroha, H.; Lutz, G.; Macchiolo, A.; Manz, A.; Menke, S.; Mohrdieck-Moeck, S.; Moser, H. G.; Nagel, M.; Nisius, R.; Oberlack, H.; Pospelov, G. E.; Potrap, I. N.; Richter, R.; Salihagic, D.; Sandstroem, R.; Schacht, P.; Seuster, R.; Stern, S.; Stonjek, S.; Vanadia, M.; von der Schmitt, H.; von Loeben, J.; Weigell, P.; Zhuravlov, V.] Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, Werner Heisenberg Inst, D-80805 Munich, Germany. [Shimojima, M.; Tanaka, Y.] Nagasaki Inst Appl Sci, Nagasaki, Japan. [Hasegawath, S.; Morvaj, L.; Ohshima, T.; Okumura, Y.; Shichi, H.; Sugimoto, T.; Takahashi, Y.; Tomoto, M.; Wakabayashim, J.] Nagoya Univ, Grad Sch Sci, Nagoya, Aichi 4648601, Japan. [Aloisio, A.; Alviggi, M. G.; Canale, V.; Capasso, L.; Carlino, G.; Cevenini, F.; Chiefari, G.; Conventi, F.; de Asmundis, R.; Della Pietra, M.; della Volpe, D.; Doria, A.; Giordano, R.; Iengo, P.; Izzo, V.; Merola, L.; Musto, E.; Patricelli, S.; Sanchez, A.; Sekhniaidze, G.] INFN Sez Napoli, Naples, Italy. [Aloisio, A.; Alviggi, M. G.; Canale, V.; Capasso, L.; Cevenini, F.; Chiefari, G.; della Volpe, D.; Giordano, R.; Merola, L.; Musto, E.; Patricelli, S.; Sanchez, A.] Univ Naples Federico II, Dipartimento Sci Fisiche, Naples, Italy. [Gorelov, I.; Hoeferkamp, M. R.; Metcalfe, J.; Seidel, S. C.; Toms, K.; Wang, R.] Univ New Mexico, Dept Phys & Astron, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [Caron, S.; Chelstowska, M. A.; Consonni, M.; De Groot, N.; Filthaut, F.; Klok, P. F.; Konig, A. C.; Koetsveld, F.; Raas, M.; Salvucci, A.] Radboud Univ Nijmegen Nikhef, Inst Math Astrophys & Particle Phys, Nijmegen, Netherlands. [Bentvelsen, S.; Berglund, E.; Bobbink, G. J.; Bos, K.; Boterenbrood, H.; Colijn, A. P.; de Jong, P.; De Nooij, L.; Deviveiros, P. O.; Doxiadis, A. D.; Ferrari, P.; Garitaonandia, H.; Geerts, D. A. A.; Gosselink, M.; Hartjes, F.; Hessey, N. P.; Igonkina, O.; Kayl, M. S.; Klous, S.; Kluit, P.; Koffeman, E.; Lee, H.; Lenz, T.; Linde, F.; Luijckx, G.; Massaro, G.; Mechnich, J.; Mussche, I.; Ottersbach, J. P.; Reichold, A.; Rijpstra, M.; Ruckstuhl, N.; Snuverink, J.; Ta, D.; Tsiakiris, M.; Turlay, E.; van der Graaf, H.; van der Kraaij, E.; Van Der Leeuw, R.; van der Poel, E.; van Kesteren, Z.; van Vulpen, I.; Verkerke, W.; Vermeulen, J. C.; Miosavjevic, M. Vranjes; Vreeswijk, M.] Nikhef Natl Inst Subatom Phys, Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Bentvelsen, S.; Berglund, E.; Bobbink, G. J.; Bos, K.; Boterenbrood, H.; Colijn, A. P.; de Jong, P.; De Nooij, L.; Deviveiros, P. O.; Doxiadis, A. D.; Ferrari, P.; Garitaonandia, H.; Geerts, D. A. A.; Gosselink, M.; Hartjes, F.; Hessey, N. P.; Igonkina, O.; Kayl, M. S.; Klous, S.; Kluit, P.; Koffeman, E.; Lee, H.; Lenz, T.; Linde, F.; Luijckx, G.; Massaro, G.; Mechnich, J.; Mussche, I.; Ottersbach, J. P.; Reichold, A.; Rijpstra, M.; Ruckstuhl, N.; Snuverink, J.; Ta, D.; Tsiakiris, M.; Turlay, E.; van der Graaf, H.; van der Kraaij, E.; Van Der Leeuw, R.; van der Poel, E.; van Kesteren, Z.; van Vulpen, I.; Verkerke, W.; Vermeulen, J. C.; Miosavjevic, M. Vranjes; Vreeswijk, M.] Univ Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Calkinsi, R.; Chakraborty, D.; de Lima, J. G. Rocha; Suhr, C.; Yurkewicz, A.; Zutshi, V.] No Illinois Univ, Dept Phys, De Kalb, IL USA. [Anisenkov, A.; Beloborodova, O.; Bobrovnikov, V. B.; Bogdanchikov, A.; Kazanin, V. A.; Kolachev, G. M.; Korol, A.; Malyshev, V.; Maslennikov, A. L.; Maximov, D. A.; Orlov, I.; Peleganchuk, S. V.; Schamov, A. G.; Skovpen, K.; Soukharev, A.; Talyshev, A.; Tikhonov, Y. A.; Zaytsev, A.] SB RAS, Budker Inst Nucl Phys, Novosibirsk, Russia. [Budick, B.; Casadei, D.; Cranmer, K.; van Huysduynen, L. Hooft; Konoplich, R.; Krasznahorkay, A.; Lewis, G. H.; Mincer, A. I.; Nemethy, P.; Neves, R. M.; Prokofiev, K.; Shibata, A.; Zhao, L.] NYU, Dept Phys, New York, NY 10003 USA. [Fernando, W.; Fisher, M. J.; Gan, K. K.; Kagan, H.; Kass, R. D.; Merritt, H.; Moss, J.; Nagarkar, A.; Pignotti, D. T.; Rahimi, A. M.; Strang, M.] Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Nakano, I.] Okayama Univ, Fac Sci, Okayama 700, Japan. [Abbott, B.; Gutierrezno, P.; Huang, G. S.; Jana, D. K.; Marzin, A.; Meera-Lebbai, R.; Saleem, M.; Severini, H.; Skubic, P.; Snow, J.; Strauss, M.] Univ Oklahoma, Homer L Dodge Dept Phys & Astron, Norman, OK 73019 USA. [Abi, B.; Khanov, A.; Rizatdinova, F.; Yu, J.] Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Phys, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. [Hamal, P.; Nozka, L.] Palacky Univ, RCPTM, CR-77147 Olomouc, Czech Republic. [Brau, J. E.; Potter, C. T.; Ptacek, E.; Radloff, P.; Reinsch, A.; Searcy, J.; Shamim, M.; Sinev, N. B.; Strom, D. M.; Torrence, E.] Univ Oregon, Ctr High Energy Phys, Eugene, OR 97403 USA. [Khalek, S. Abdel; Abreu, H.; Andari, N.; Arnault, C.; Auge, E.; Barrillon, P.; Benoit, M.; Binet, S.; Bourdarios, C.; De La Taille, C.; De Regie, J. B. De Vivie; Duflot, L.; Escalier, M.; Fayard, L.; Fournier, D.; Grivaz, J. -F.; Henrot-Versille, S.; Hrivnac, J.; Iconomidou-Fayard, L.; Idarraga, J.; Kado, M.; Martinez, N. Lorenzo; Lounis, A.; Makovec, N.; Matricon, P.; Niedercorn, F.; Poggioli, L.; Puzo, P.; Renaud, A.; Rousseau, D.; Ruan, X.; Rybkin, G.; Sauvan, J. B.; Schaarschmidt, J.; Schaffer, A. C.; Serin, L.; Simion, S.; Tanaka, R.; Teinturier, M.; Veillet, J. J.; Vukotic, I.; Wicek, F.; Zerwas, D.; Zhang, Z.] Univ Paris 11, LAL, Orsay, France. [Khalek, S. Abdel; Abreu, H.; Andari, N.; Arnault, C.; Auge, E.; Barrillon, P.; Benoit, M.; Binet, S.; Bourdarios, C.; De La Taille, C.; De Regie, J. B. De Vivie; Duflot, L.; Escalier, M.; Fayard, L.; Fournier, D.; Grivaz, J. -F.; Henrot-Versille, S.; Hrivnac, J.; Iconomidou-Fayard, L.; Idarraga, J.; Kado, M.; Martinez, N. Lorenzo; Lounis, A.; Makovec, N.; Matricon, P.; Niedercorn, F.; Poggioli, L.; Puzo, P.; Renaud, A.; Rousseau, D.; Ruan, X.; Rybkin, G.; Sauvan, J. B.; Schaarschmidt, J.; Schaffer, A. C.; Serin, L.; Simion, S.; Tanaka, R.; Teinturier, M.; Veillet, J. J.; Vukotic, I.; Wicek, F.; Zerwas, D.; Zhang, Z.] CNRS IN2P3, Orsay, France. [Hanagaki, K.; Hirose, M.; Lee, J. S. H.; Meguro, T.; Nomachi, M.; Sugaya, Y.] Osaka Univ, Grad Sch Sci, Osaka, Japan. [Bugge, L.; Buran, T.; Cameron, D.; Gjelsten, B. K.; Lund, E.; Ould-Saada, F.; Pajchel, K.; Read, A. L.; Rohne, O.; Samset, B. H.; Stapnes, S.; Strandlie, A.] Univ Oslo, Dept Phys, Oslo, Norway. [Abdesselam, A.; Apolle, R.; Barr, A. J.; Boddy, C. R.; Brandt, G.; Buchanan, J.; Buckingham, R. M.; Coe, P.; Coniavitis, E.; Cooper-Sarkar, A. M.; Dafinca, A.; Davies, E.; Dehchar, M.; Farrington, S. M.; Gallas, E. J.; Gilbert, L. M.; Gwenlan, C.; Hal, D.; Hawes, B. M.; Howell, D. F.; Huffman, T. B.; Issever, C.; Jones, G.; Karagoz, M.; King, R. S. B.; Kogan, L. A.; Korn, A.; Kundu, N.; Larner, A.; Lewis, A.; Liang, Z.; Livermore, S. S. A.; Loken, J.; Mattravers, C.; Nickerson, R. B.; Pinder, A.; Robichaud-Veronneau, A.; Ryder, N. C.; Short, D.; Tseng, J. C-L.; Vickey, T.; Viehhauser, G. H. A.; Weidberg, A. R.; Whitehead, S. R.; Zhong, J.] Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, Oxford, England. [Cambiaghi, M.; Conta, C.; Ferrari, R.; Franchino, S.; Fraternali, M.; Gaudio, G.; Livan, M.; Negri, A.; Polesello, G.; Rebuzzi, D. M.; Rimoldi, A.; Uslenghi, M.; Vercesi, V.] INFN Sez Pavia, Pavia, Italy. [Cambiaghi, M.; Conta, C.; Franchino, S.; Fraternali, M.; Livan, M.; Negri, A.; Rebuzzi, D. M.; Rimoldi, A.; Uslenghi, M.] Univ Pavia, Dipartimento Fis, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. [Alison, J.; Brendlinger, K.; Degenhardt, J.; Donega, M.; Dressnandt, N.; Fratina, S.; Hines, E.; Hone, T. M.; Jackson, B.; Kroll, J.; Kunkle, J.; LeGeyt, B. C.; Lipeles, E.; Martin, F. F.; Olivito, D.; Ospanov, R.; Reece, R.; Saxon, J.; Schaefer, D.; Stahlman, J.; Thomson, E.; Wagner, P.; Williams, H. H.] Univ Penn, Dept Phys, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Fedin, O. L.; Gratchev, V.; Grebenyuk, O. G.; Maleev, V. P.; Ryabov, Y. F.; Schegelsky, V. A.; Sedykh, E.; Seliverstov, D. M.] Petersburg Nucl Phys Inst, Gatchina, Russia. [Bertolucci, F.; Cascella, M.; Cavasinni, V.; Crescioli, F.; Del Prete, T.; Dotti, A.; Roda, C.; Sarri, F.; Zinonos, Z.] INFN Sez Pisa, Pisa, Italy. [Bertolucci, F.; Cascella, M.; Cavasinni, V.; Crescioli, F.; Del Prete, T.; Dotti, A.; Roda, C.; Sarri, F.; Zinonos, Z.] Univ Pisa, Dipartimento Fis E Fermi, Pisa, Italy. [Boudreau, J.; Cleland, W.; Escobar, C.; Kittelmann, T.; Mueller, J.; Paolone, V.; Prieur, D.; Savinov, V.; Wendler, S.; Yoosoofmiya, R.] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Phys & Astron, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. [Aguilar-Saavedra, J. A.; Amorim, A.; Anjos, N.; Carvalho, J.; Castro, N. F.; Muino, P. Conde; Do Valle Wemans, A.; Fiolhais, M. C. N.; Gemes, A.; Jorge, P. M.; Lopes, L.; Machado Miguens, J.; Maio, A.; Maneira, J.; Oliveira, M.; Onofre, A.; Palma, A.; Pina, J.; Pinto, B.; Santos, H.; Saraiva, J. G.; Silva, J.; Soares, M.; Veloso, F.; Wolters, H.] Lab Instrumentacao & Fis Expt Particulas LIP, Lisbon, Portugal. [Aguilar-Saavedra, J. A.] Univ Granada, Dept Fis Teor & Cosmos, Granada, Spain. [Aguilar-Saavedra, J. A.] Univ Granada, CAFPE, Granada, Spain. [Bohm, J.; Chudoba, J.; Gallus, P.; Gunther, J.; Hruska, I.; Juranek, V.; Kepka, O.; Kupco, A.; Kus, V.; Lipinsky, L.; Lokajicek, M.; Marciovky, M.; Mikestikova, M.; Myskai, M.; Nemecek, S.; Panuskova, M.; Ruzicka, P.; Schovancova, J.; Sich, P.; Staroba, P.; Svatos, M.; Tasevsky, M.; Tic, T.; Valenta, J.; Vrba, V.; Zeman, M.] Acad Sci Czech Republic, Inst Phys, Prague, Czech Republic. [Davidek, T.; Dolejsi, J.; Dolezal, Z.; Drasal, Z.; Kodys, P.; Leitner, R.; Novakova, J.; Rybar, M.; Spousta, M.; Strachota, P.; Suk, M.; Sykora, T.; Tas, P.; Valkar, S.; Vorobel, V.; Wilhelm, I.] Charles Univ Prague, Fac Math & Phys, Prague, Czech Republic. [Augsten, K.; Holy, T.; Horazdovsky, T.; Hubacek, Z.; Jakubek, J.; Kohout, Z.; Kral, V.; Krejci, F.; Popisil, S.; Simak, V.; Slavicek, T.; Smolek, K.; Sodomka, J.; Solar, M.; Solc, J.; Sopko, V.; Sopko, B.; Stekl, I.; Turecek, D.; Vacek, V.; Vlasak, M.; Vokac, P.] Czech Tech Univ, Prague, Czech Republic. [Ammosov, V. V.; Borisov, A.; Bozhko, N. I.; Denisov, S. P.; Fakhrutdinov, R. M.; Fenyuk, A. B.; Gapienko, V. A.; Gorokhov, S. A.; Goryachev, V. N.; Gushchin, V. N.; Ivashin, A. V.; Kabachenko, V. V.; Karyukhin, A. N.; Kholodenko, A. G.; Kiver, A. M.; Koreshev, V.; Korotkov, V. A.; Kozhin, A. S.; Larionov, A. V.; Levitski, M. S.; Minaenko, A. A.; Mitrofanov, G. Y.; Moisseev, A. M.; Myagkov, A. G.; Nikolaenko, V.; Pleskach, A. V.; Ryadovikov, V.; Solodkov, A. A.; Solovyanov, O. V.; Starchenko, E. A.; Sviridov, Yu. M.; Vorobiev, A. P.; Zaets, V. G.; Zaitsev, A. M.; Zenin, O.; Zmouchko, V. V.] State Res Ctr Inst High Energy Phys, Protvino, Russia. [Adye, T.; Apolle, R.; Baines, J. T.; Barnett, B. M.; Botterill, D.; Burke, S.; Clifft, R. W.; Davies, E.; Dewhurst, A.; Emeliyanov, D.; Gallop, B. J.; Gee, C. N. P.; Gillman, A. R.; Haywood, S. J.; Kirk, J.; Mattravers, C.; McCubbin, N. A.; McMahon, S. J.; Middleton, R. P.; Murray, W. J.; Nash, M.; Norton, P. R.; Phillips, P. W.; Sankey, D. P. C.; Scott, W. G.; Strube, J.; Tyndel, M.; Weber, M.; Wickens, F. J.; Wielers, M.] Rutherford Appleton Lab, Particle Phys Dept, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. [Benslama, K.; Smit, C. V. Ybeles] Univ Regina, Dept Phys, Regina, SK S4S 0A2, Canada. [Tanaka, S.] Ritsumeikan Univ, Kusatsu, Shiga, Japan. [Anulli, F.; Artoni, G.; Bagnaia, P.; Bini, C.; Caloi, R.; Ciapetti, G.; D'Orazio, A.; De Pedis, D.; De Salvo, A.; De Zorzi, G.; Dionisi, C.; Falciano, S.; Gauzzi, P.; Gentile, S.; Giagu, S.; Ippolito, V.; Lacava, F.; Lo Sterzo, F.; Luci, C.; Luminari, L.; Maiani, C.; Marzano, F.; Mastrandrea, P.; Mirabelli, G.; Nisati, A.; Pasqualucci, E.; Petrolo, E.; Pontecorvoa, L.; Rescigno, M.; Rosati, S.; Rossi, E.; Tehrani, F. Safai; Sidoti, A.; Camillocci, E. Solfaroli; Spila, F.; Valente, P.; Vari, R.; Veneziano, S.; Zanello, L.] INFN Sez Roma I, Rome, Italy. [Artoni, G.; Bagnaia, P.; Bini, C.; Caloi, R.; Ciapetti, G.; D'Orazio, A.; De Zorzi, G.; Dionisi, C.; Gauzzi, P.; Gentile, S.; Giagu, S.; Ippolito, V.; Lacava, F.; Lo Sterzo, F.; Luci, C.; Maiani, C.; Mastrandrea, P.; Rossi, E.; Camillocci, E. Solfaroli; Spila, F.; Zanello, L.] Univ Roma La Sapienza, Dipartimento Fis, I-00185 Rome, Italy. [Aielli, G.; Camarri, P.; Cardarelli, R.; Cattani, G.; Di Ciaccio, A.; Di Simone, A.; Liberti, B.; Marchese, F.; Salamon, A.; Santonico, R.] INFN Sez Roma Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy. [Aielli, G.; Camarri, P.; Cattani, G.; Di Ciaccio, A.; Di Simone, A.; Marchese, F.; Santonico, R.] Univ Roma Tor Vergata, Dipartimento Fis, I-00173 Rome, Italy. [Bacci, C.; Baroncelli, A.; Biglietti, M.; Bortolotto, V.; Branchini, P.; Ceradini, F.; Di Luise, S.; Farilla, A.; Graziani, E.; Iodice, M.; Orestano, D.; Passeri, A.; Pastore, F.; Petrucci, F.; Ruggieri, F.; Stanescu, C.] INFN Sez Roma Tre, Rome, Italy. [Bacci, C.; Bortolotto, V.; Ceradini, F.; Di Luise, S.; Orestano, D.; Pastore, F.; Petrucci, F.; Ruggieri, F.] Univ Roma Tre, Dipartimento Fis, Rome, Italy. [Benchekroun, D.; Chafaq, A.; Gouighri, M.; Hoummada, A.; Lablak, S.] Univ Hassan 2, Fac Sci Chock, Reseau Univ Phys Hautes Energies, Casablanca, Morocco. [Ghazlane, H.] Ctr Natl Energie Sci Tech Nucl, Rabat, Morocco. [El Kacimi, Al; Goujdami, D.] Univ Cadi Ayyad, Fac Sci Semlalia, Lphea Marrakech, Morocco. [Derkaoui, J. E.; Ouchrif, M.; Tayalati, Y.] Univ Mohamed Premier, Fac Sci, Oujda, Morocco. [Derkaoui, J. E.; Ouchrif, M.; Tayalati, Y.] LPTPM, Oujda, Morocco. [El Moursli, R. Cherkaoui] Univ Mohammed V Agdal, Fac Sci, Rabat, Morocco. [Bachacou, H.; Bauer, F.; Besson, N.; Blanchard, J. -B.; Bolnet, N. M.; Boonekamp, M.; Chevalier, L.; Ernwein, J.; Etienvre, A. I.; Formica, A.; Gauthier, L.; Giraud, P. F.; Guyot, C.; Hassani, S.; Kozanecki, W.; Lancon, E.; Laporte, J. F.; Legendre, M.; Mal, P.; Mansoulie, B.; Meyer, J-P.; Morange, N.; Mountricha, E.; Hong, V. Nguyen Thi; Nicolaidou, R.; Ouraou, A.; Pomarede, D. M.; Resende, B.; Royon, C. R.; Schune, Ph.; Schwindling, J.; Simard, O.; Virchaux, M.; Vranjes, N.; Xiao, M.; Xu, C.] CEA Saclay Commissariat Energie Atom, DSM IRFU Inst Rech Lois Fondamentales Univers, Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Chouridou, S.; Damiani, D. S.; Fowler, K.; Grillo, A. A.; Hare, G. A.; Litke, A. M.; Lockman, W. S.; Manning, P. M.; Mitrevski, J.; Nielsen, J.; Sadrozinski, H. F-W.; Schumm, B. A.; Seiden, A.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz Inst Particle Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Beckingham, M.; Forbush, D. A.; Goussiou, A. G.; Griffiths, J.; Harris, O. M.; Keller, J. S.; Lubatti, H. J.; Mockett, P.; Rothberg, J.; Ventura, D.; Verducci, M.; Wang, J. C.; Watts, G.; Zhao, T.] Univ Washington, Dept Phys, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Booth, C. N.; Costanzo, D.; Donszelmann, T. Cuhadar; Dawson, I.; Duxfleld, R.; Hodgkinson, M. C.; Hodgson, P.; Johansson, P.; Korolkova, E. V.; Mayne, A.; Mcfayden, J. A.; Miyagawa, P. S.; Nicolas, L.; Owen, S.; Paganis, E.; Suruliz, K.; Tovey, D. R.; Tsionou, D.; Tua, A.; Xu, D.] Univ Sheffield, Dept Phys & Astron, Sheffield, S Yorkshire, England. [Hasegawa, Y.; Ohshita, H.; Takeshita, T.] Shinshu Univ, Dept Phys, Nagano, Japan. [Buchholz, P.; Czirr, H.; Fleck, I.; Gaur, B.; Grybel, K.; Holder, M.; Ibragimov, I.; Rammes, M.; Rosenthal, O.; Sipica, V.; Walkowiak, W.; Ziolkowski, M.] Univ Siegen, Fachbereich Phys, D-5900 Siegen, Germany. [Dawe, E.; Godfrey, J.; Kvita, J.; O'Neil, D. C.; Petteni, M.; Stelzer, B.; Tanasijczuk, A. J.; Trottier-McDonald, M.; Vetterli, M. C.] Simon Fraser Univ, Dept Phys, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada. [Aracena, I.; Barklow, T.; Bartoldus, R.; Bawa, H. S.; Butler, B.; Cogan, J. G.; Eifert, T.; Gao, Y. S.; Grenier, P.; Haas, A.; Hansson, P.; Horn, C.; Jackson, P.; Kocian, M.; Koi, T.; Lowe, A. J.; Malone, C.; Mount, R.; Nelson, T. K.; Salnikov, A.; Schwartzman, A.; Silverstein, D.; Smith, D.; Strauss, E.; Su, D.; Wilson, M. G.; Wittgen, M.; Young, C.] SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA USA. [Batkova, L.; Blazek, T.; Federic, P.; Pecsy, M.; Stavina, P.; Sykora, I.; Tokar, S.; Zenis, T.] Comenius Univ, Fac Math Phys & Informat, Bratislava, Slovakia. [Antos, J.; Bruncko, D.; Ferencei, J.; Kladiva, E.; Seman, M.; Strizenec, P.] Slovak Acad Sci, Inst Expt Phys, Dept Subnucl Phys, Kosice 04353, Slovakia. [Aurousseau, M.] Univ Johannesburg, Dept Phys, Johannesburg, South Africa. [Hamilton, A.; Leney, K. J. C.; Boeriu, O. E. Vickey; Yacoob, S.] Univ Witwatersrand, Sch Phys, Johannesburg, South Africa. [Asman, B.; Bohm, C.; Clement, C.; Eriksson, D.; Gellerstedt, K.; Hellman, S.; Holmgrena, S. O.; Johansen, M.; Johansson, K. E.; Jon-And, K.; Kim, H.; Klimek, P.; Lesser, J.; Lundberg, J.; Milstead, D. A.; Moa, T.; Nordkvist, B.; Ohm, C. C.; Papadelis, A.; Sellden, B.; Silverstein, S. B.; Sjolin, J.; Strandberg, S.; Tylmad, M.; Yang, Z.] Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Asman, B.; Clement, C.; Gellerstedt, K.; Hellman, S.; Johansen, M.; Jon-And, K.; Kim, H.; Klimek, P.; Lundberg, J.; Milstead, D. A.; Moa, T.; Nordkvist, B.; Ohm, C. C.; Sjolin, J.; Strandberg, S.; Tylmad, M.; Yang, Z.] Oskar Klein Ctr, Stockholm, Sweden. [Jovicevic, J.; Kuwertz, E. S.; Lund-Jensen, B.; Strandberg, J.] Royal Inst Technol, Dept Phys, S-10044 Stockholm, Sweden. [Ahmad, A.; Arfaoui, S.; Deluca, C.; Devetak, E.; DeWilde, B.; Engelmann, R.; Farley, J.; Goodson, J. J.; Grassi, V.; Gray, J. A.; Hobbs, J.; Jia, J.; McCarthy, R. L.; Mohapatra, S.; Rijssenbeek, M.; Schamberger, R. D.; Stupak, J.; Tsybychev, D.] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. [Ahmad, A.; Arfaoui, S.; Deluca, C.; Devetak, E.; DeWilde, B.; Engelmann, R.; Farley, J.; Goodson, J. J.; Grassi, V.; Gray, J. A.; Hobbs, J.; Jia, J.; McCarthy, R. L.; Mohapatra, S.; Rijssenbeek, M.; Schamberger, R. D.; Stupak, J.; Tsybychev, D.] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Chem, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. [Bartsch, V.; De Santo, A.; Martin-Haugh, S.; Potter, C. J.; Rose, A.; Salvatore, F.; Sutton, M. R.] Univ Sussex, Dept Phys & Astron, Brighton, E Sussex, England. [Bangert, A.; Cuthbert, C.; Patel, N.; Saavedra, A. F.; Scarcella, M.; Varvell, K. E.; Watson, I. J.; Waugh, A. T.; Yabsley, B.] Univ Sydney, Sch Phys, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. [Lin, S. C.] Acad Sinica, Inst Phys, Acad Sinica Grid Comp, Taipei, Taiwan. [Harpaz, S. Behar; Hershenhorn, A. D.; Kajomovitz, E.; Lifshitz, R.; Rozen, Y.; Tarem, S.; Vallecorsa, S.] Technion Israel Inst Technol, Dept Phys, IL-32000 Haifa, Israel. [Abramowicz, H.; Alexander, G.; Amram, N.; Bella, G.; Benary, O.; Benhammou, Y.; Brodet, E.; Etzion, E.; Gershon, A.; Ginzburg, J.; Guttman, N.; Hod, N.; Mahalalel, Y.; Munwes, Y.; Oren, Y.; Reinherz-Aronis, E.; Sadeh, I.; Silver, Y.; Soffer, A.; Taiblum, N.] Tel Aviv Univ, Raymond & Beverly Sackler Sch Phys & Astron, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel. [Iliadis, D.; Kordas, K.; Kouskoura, V.; Kreisel, A.; Nomidis, I.; Petridis, A.; Petridou, C.; Sampsonidis, D.] Aristotle Univ Thessaloniki, Dept Phys, GR-54006 Thessaloniki, Greece. [Akimoto, G.; Asai, S.; Azuma, Y.; Dohmae, T.; Imori, M.; Kanaya, N.; Kataoka, Y.; Kawamoto, T.; Kessoku, K.; Kobayashi, T.; Komori, Y.; Mashimo, T.; Masubuchi, T.; Matsumoto, H.; Matsunaga, H.; Nakamura, K.; Nakamura, T.; Ninomiya, Y.; Oda, S.; Okuyama, T.; Sakamoto, H.; Tanaka, J.; Terashi, K.; Ueda, I.; Yamaguchi, H.; Yamamoto, S.; Yamamura, T.; Yamanaka, T.; Yamazaki, T.] Univ Tokyo, Int Ctr Elementary Particle Phys, Tokyo, Japan. [Akimoto, G.; Asai, S.; Azuma, Y.; Dohmae, T.; Imori, M.; Kanaya, N.; Kataoka, Y.; Kawamoto, T.; Kessoku, K.; Kobayashi, T.; Komori, Y.; Mashimo, T.; Masubuchi, T.; Matsumoto, H.; Matsunaga, H.; Nakamura, K.; Nakamura, T.; Ninomiya, Y.; Oda, S.; Okuyama, T.; Sakamoto, H.; Tanaka, J.; Terashi, K.; Ueda, I.; Yamaguchi, H.; Yamamoto, S.; Yamamura, T.; Yamanaka, T.; Yamazaki, T.] Univ Tokyo, Dept Phys, Tokyo 113, Japan. [Bratzler, U.; Fukunaga, C.] Tokyo Metropolitan Univ, Grad Sch Sci & Technol, Tokyo 158, Japan. [Jinnouchi, O.; Kanno, T.; Kuze, M.] Tokyo Inst Technol, Dept Phys, Tokyo 152, Japan. [AbouZeid, O. S.; Bailey, D. C.; Bain, T.; Brelier, B.; Cheung, S. L.; Dhaliwal, S.; Farooque, T.; Fatholahzadeh, B.; Gibson, A.; Guo, B.; Ilic, N.; Jankowski, E.; Keung, J.; Knecht, N. S.; Krieger, P.; Le Maner, C.; Martens, F. K.; Orr, R. S.; Rezvani, R.; Rosenbaum, G. A.; Savard, P.; Sinervo, P.; Spreitzer, T.; Tardif, D.; Teuscher, R. J.; Thompson, P. D.; Trischuk, W.; Venturi, N.] Univ Toronto, Dept Phys, Toronto, ON, Canada. [Azuelos, G.; Canepa, A.; Chekulaeva, S. V.; Fortin, D.; Gingrich, D. M.; Koutsman, A.; Losty, M. J.; Nugent, I. M.; Oakham, F. G.; Oram, C. J.; Savard, P.; Schouten, D.; Stelzer-Chilton, O.; Tafirout, R.; Trigger, I. M.; Vetterli, M. C.] TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada. [Garcia, J. A. Benitez; Palacino, G.; Taylor, W.] York Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Toronto, ON M3J 2R7, Canada. [Hanawa, K.; Hara, K.; Hayashi, T.; Kim, S. H.; Kurata, M.; Nagai, K.; Ukegawa, F.] Univ Tsukuba, Inst Pure & Appl Sci, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058571, Japan. [Beauchemin, P. H.; Hamilton, S.; Napier, A.; Rolli, S.; Sliwa, K.; Todorova-Nova, S.; Wetter, J.] Tufts Univ, Ctr Sci & Technol, Medford, MA 02155 USA. [Losada, M.; Loureiro, K. F.; Mendoza Navas, L.; Navarro, G.; Rodriguez, D.; Sandoval, C.] Univ Antonio Narino, Ctr Invest, Bogota, Colombia. [Avolio, G.; Bondioli, M.; Ciobotaru, M. D.; Deng, J.; Farrell, S.; Eschrich, I. Gough; Hawkins, D.; Lankford, A. J.; Nelson, A.; Okawa, H.; Scannicchio, D. A.; Schernau, M.; Taffard, A.; Toggerson, B.; Unel, G.; Werth, M.; Wheeler-Ellis, S. J.; Whiteson, D.; Zhou, N.] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA USA. [Acharya, B. S.; Cauz, D.; Cobal, M.; De Lotto, B.; De Sanctis, U.; Del Papa, C.; Pinamonti, M.; Shaw, K.; Soualah, R.] INFN Grp Collegato Udine, Udine, Italy. [Acharya, B. S.; Cauz, D.; De Lotto, B.; De Sanctis, U.; Del Papa, C.; Pinamonti, M.; Shaw, K.] Abdus Salaam Int Ctr Theoret Phys, Trieste, Italy. [Cobal, M.; Giordani, M. P.; Soualah, R.] Univ Udine, Dipartimento Chim Fis & Ambiente, I-33100 Udine, Italy. [Benekos, N.; Coggeshall, J.; Cortes-Gonzalez, A.; Errede, D.; Errede, S.; Khandanyan, H.; Lie, K.; Liss, T. M.; McCarn, A.; Neubauer, M. S.; Vichou, I.] Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Brenner, R.; Buszello, C. P.; Ekelof, T.; Ellert, M.; Ferrari, A.; Isaksson, C.] Uppsala Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Uppsala, Sweden. [Amoros, G.; Cabrera Urban, S.; Castillo Gimenez, V.; Costa, M. J.; Ferrer, A.; Fiorini, L.; Fuster, J.; Garcia, C.; Garcia Navarro, J. E.; Gonzalez de la Hoz, S.; Hernandez Jimenez, Y.; Higon-Rodriguez, E.; Tries Quiles, A.; Kaci, M.; Lacasta, C.; Lacuesta, V. R.; Marti-Garcia, S.; Minano Moya, M.; Mitsou, V. A.; Moles-Valls, R.; Moreno Llacer, M.; Oliver Garcia, E.; Perez Garcia-Estan, M. T.; Romero Adam, E.; Ros, E.; Salt, J.; Sanchez Martinez, V.; Solans, C. A.; Soldevila, U.; Sanchez, J.; Torro Pastor, E.; Valladolid Gallego, E.; Valls Ferrer, J. A.; Villaplana Perez, M.; Vos, M.; Wildauer, A.] Univ Valencia, Inst Fis Corpuscular IFIC, Valencia, Spain. [Amoros, G.; Cabrera Urban, S.; Castillo Gimenez, V.; Costa, M. J.; Ferrer, A.; Fiorini, L.; Fuster, J.; Garcia, C.; Garcia Navarro, J. E.; Gonzalez de la Hoz, S.; Hernandez Jimenez, Y.; Higon-Rodriguez, E.; Tries Quiles, A.; Kaci, M.; Lacasta, C.; Lacuesta, V. R.; Marti-Garcia, S.; Minano Moya, M.; Mitsou, V. A.; Moles-Valls, R.; Moreno Llacer, M.; Oliver Garcia, E.; Perez Garcia-Estan, M. T.; Romero Adam, E.; Ros, E.; Salt, J.; Sanchez Martinez, V.; Solans, C. A.; Soldevila, U.; Sanchez, J.; Torro Pastor, E.; Valladolid Gallego, E.; Valls Ferrer, J. A.; Villaplana Perez, M.; Vos, M.; Wildauer, A.] Univ Valencia, Dept Fis Atom Mol & Nucl, Valencia, Spain. [Amoros, G.; Cabrera Urban, S.; Castillo Gimenez, V.; Costa, M. J.; Ferrer, A.; Fiorini, L.; Fuster, J.; Garcia, C.; Garcia Navarro, J. E.; Gonzalez de la Hoz, S.; Hernandez Jimenez, Y.; Higon-Rodriguez, E.; Tries Quiles, A.; Kaci, M.; Lacasta, C.; Lacuesta, V. R.; Marti-Garcia, S.; Minano Moya, M.; Mitsou, V. A.; Moles-Valls, R.; Moreno Llacer, M.; Oliver Garcia, E.; Perez Garcia-Estan, M. T.; Romero Adam, E.; Ros, E.; Salt, J.; Sanchez Martinez, V.; Solans, C. A.; Soldevila, U.; Sanchez, J.; Torro Pastor, E.; Valladolid Gallego, E.; Valls Ferrer, J. A.; Villaplana Perez, M.; Vos, M.; Wildauer, A.] Univ Valencia, Dept Ingn Elect, Valencia, Spain. [Amoros, G.; Cabrera Urban, S.; Castillo Gimenez, V.; Costa, M. J.; Ferrer, A.; Fiorini, L.; Fuster, J.; Garcia, C.; Garcia Navarro, J. E.; Gonzalez de la Hoz, S.; Hernandez Jimenez, Y.; Higon-Rodriguez, E.; Tries Quiles, A.; Kaci, M.; Lacasta, C.; Lacuesta, V. R.; Marti-Garcia, S.; Minano Moya, M.; Mitsou, V. A.; Moles-Valls, R.; Moreno Llacer, M.; Oliver Garcia, E.; Perez Garcia-Estan, M. T.; Romero Adam, E.; Ros, E.; Salt, J.; Sanchez Martinez, V.; Solans, C. A.; Soldevila, U.; Sanchez, J.; Torro Pastor, E.; Valladolid Gallego, E.; Valls Ferrer, J. A.; Villaplana Perez, M.; Vos, M.; Wildauer, A.] Univ Valencia, Inst Microelect Barcelona IMB CNM, Valencia, Spain. [Amoros, G.; Cabrera Urban, S.; Castillo Gimenez, V.; Costa, M. J.; Ferrer, A.; Fiorini, L.; Fuster, J.; Garcia, C.; Garcia Navarro, J. E.; Gonzalez de la Hoz, S.; Hernandez Jimenez, Y.; Higon-Rodriguez, E.; Tries Quiles, A.; Kaci, M.; Lacasta, C.; Lacuesta, V. R.; Marti-Garcia, S.; Minano Moya, M.; Mitsou, V. A.; Moles-Valls, R.; Moreno Llacer, M.; Oliver Garcia, E.; Perez Garcia-Estan, M. T.; Romero Adam, E.; Ros, E.; Salt, J.; Sanchez Martinez, V.; Solans, C. A.; Soldevila, U.; Sanchez, J.; Torro Pastor, E.; Valladolid Gallego, E.; Valls Ferrer, J. A.; Villaplana Perez, M.; Vos, M.; Wildauer, A.] CSIC, Valencia, Spain. [Axen, D.; Gay, C.; Loh, C. W.; Mills, W. J.; Muir, A.; Swedish, S.; Viel, S.] Univ British Columbia, Dept Phys, Vancouver, BC, Canada. [Albert, J.; Astbury, A.; Bansal, V.; Berghaus, F.; Courneyea, L.; Fincke-Keeler, M.; Keeler, R.; Kowalewski, R.; Lefebvre, M.; Lessard, J-R.; Marino, C. P.; Martyniuk, A. C.; MePherson, R. A.; Ouellette, E. A.; Plamondon, M.; Sobie, R.] Univ Victoria, Dept Phys & Astron, Victoria, BC, Canada. [Kimura, N.; Yorita, K.] Waseda Univ, Tokyo, Japan. [Alon, R.; Barak, L.; Bressler, S.; Duchovni, E.; Frank, T.; Gabizon, O.; Gross, E.; Groth-Jensen, J.; Klier, A.; Lellouch, D.; Levinson, L. J.; Mikenberg, G.; Milov, A.; Milstein, D.; Roth, I.; Silbert, O.; Smakhtin, V.; Vitells, O.] Weizmann Inst Sci, Dept Particle Phys, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel. [Afandiyarov, R.; Banerjee, Sw.; Montoya, C. D. Carrillo; Hernandez, A. M. Castaneda; Castaneda-Miranda, E.; Chen, X.; Coccaro, A.; Di Mattia, A.; Dos Anjos, A.; Fang, Y.; Castillo, L. R. Flores; Gonzalez, S.; Gutzwiller, O.; Ji, H.; Ju, X.; Kashif, L.; Cheong, A. Leung Fook; Li, H.; Ma, L. L.; Garcia, B. R. Mellado; Ming, Y.; Pan, Y. B.; Morales, M. I. Pedraza; Poveda, J.; Quayle, W. B.; Sarangi, T.; Wang, H.; Wiedenmann, W.; Wu, S. L.; Zobernig, G.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Fleischmann, P.; Meyer, J.; Redelbach, A.; Siragusa, G.; Stroehmer, R.; Trefzger, T.] Univ Wurzburg, Fak Phys & Astron, Wurzburg, Germany. [Barisonzi, M.; Becks, K. H.; Boek, J.; Braun, H. M.; Cornelissen, T.; Drees, J.; Fleischmann, S.; Flick, T.; Gerlach, P.; Glitza, K. W.; Gorfine, G.; Hamacher, K.; Harenberg, T.; Henss, T.; Hirschbuehl, D.; Kalinin, S.; Kersten, S.; Khoroshilov, A.; Kootz, A.; Lantzsch, K.; Lenzen, G.; Maettig, P.; Mechtel, M.; Pataraia, S.; Sandhoff, M.; Sandvoss, S.; Sartisohn, G.; Schultes, J.; Sturm, P.; Thadome, J.; Voss, T. T.; Wagner, W.; Wahlen, H.; Wicke, D.; Zeitnitz, C.] Berg Univ Wuppertal, Fachbereich Phys C, Wuppertal, Germany. [Adelman, J.; Baker, O. K.; Bedikian, S.; Almenar, C. Cuenca; Czyczula, Z.; Demers, S.; Garberson, F.; Golling, T.; Guest, D.; Kaplan, B.; Lee, L.; Loginov, A.; Martin, A. J.; Sherman, D.; Thioye, M.; Tipton, P.; Wall, R.; Zeller, M.] Yale Univ, Dept Phys, New Haven, CT USA. [Hakobyan, H.] Yerevan Phys Inst, Yerevan 375036, Armenia. [Biscarat, C.; Cogneras, E.; Rahal, G.] Ctr Calcul CNRS IN2P3, Villeurbanne, France. [Amorim, A.; Gemes, A.; Maio, A.; Pina, J.] Univ Lisbon, Fac Ciencias, P-1699 Lisbon, Portugal. [Amorim, A.; Gemes, A.; Maio, A.; Pina, J.] Univ Lisbon, CFNUL, P-1699 Lisbon, Portugal. [Bawa, H. S.; Gao, Y. S.; Lowe, A. J.] Calif State Univ Fresno, Dept Phys, Fresno, CA 93740 USA. [Beloborodova, O.; Maximov, D. A.; Talyshev, A.; Tikhonov, Y. A.] Novosibirsk State Univ, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia. [Canelli, F.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL USA. [Carvalho, J.; Fiolhais, M. C. N.; Oliveira, M.; Wolters, H.] Univ Coimbra, Dept Phys, Coimbra, Portugal. [Conventi, F.; Della Pietra, M.] Univ Napoli Parthenope, Naples, Italy. [Demirkoz, B.] Middle E Tech Univ, Dept Phys, TR-06531 Ankara, Turkey. [Dhullipudi, R.; Greenwood, Z. D.; Sawyer, L.] Louisiana Tech Univ, Ruston, LA 71270 USA. [Hamilton, A.] Univ Cape Town, Dept Phys, ZA-7925 Cape Town, South Africa. [Kono, T.; Wildt, M. A.] Univ Hamburg, Inst Expt Phys, Hamburg, Germany. [Konoplich, R.] Manhattan Coll, New York, NY USA. [Liang, Z.; Soh, D. A.; Weng, Z.] Sun Yat Sen Univ, Sch Phys & Engn, Guangzhou, Peoples R China. [Onofre, A.] Univ Minho, Dept Fis, Braga, Portugal. [Park, W.; Purohit, M.; Trivedi, A.] Univ S Carolina, Dept Phys & Astron, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. [Pasztor, G.; Toth, J.] Wigner Res Ctr Phys, Inst Particle & Nucl Phys, Budapest, Hungary. [Perez, K.] CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Richter-Was, E.] Jagiellonian Univ, Inst Phys, Krakow, Poland. RP Aad, G (reprint author), Univ Freiburg, Fak Math & Phys, Hugstetter Str 55, D-79106 Freiburg, Germany. RI Cavalli-Sforza, Matteo/H-7102-2015; Ferrer, Antonio/H-2942-2015; Hansen, John/B-9058-2015; Grancagnolo, Sergio/J-3957-2015; spagnolo, stefania/A-6359-2012; Shmeleva, Alevtina/M-6199-2015; Camarri, Paolo/M-7979-2015; Gavrilenko, Igor/M-8260-2015; Tikhomirov, Vladimir/M-6194-2015; Gorelov, Igor/J-9010-2015; Carvalho, Joao/M-4060-2013; Booth, Christopher/B-5263-2016; Bosman, Martine/J-9917-2014; Lei, Xiaowen/O-4348-2014; Demirkoz, Bilge/C-8179-2014; Villaplana Perez, Miguel/B-2717-2015; Livan, Michele/D-7531-2012; Mitsou, Vasiliki/D-1967-2009; Gladilin, Leonid/B-5226-2011; Joergensen, Morten/E-6847-2015; Riu, Imma/L-7385-2014; Cabrera Urban, Susana/H-1376-2015; Mir, Lluisa-Maria/G-7212-2015; Garcia, Jose /H-6339-2015; Villa, Mauro/C-9883-2009; Nemecek, Stanislav/G-5931-2014; Lokajicek, Milos/G-7800-2014; Staroba, Pavel/G-8850-2014; Kupco, Alexander/G-9713-2014; Mikestikova, Marcela/H-1996-2014; Kuday, Sinan/C-8528-2014; Snesarev, Andrey/H-5090-2013; Kepka, Oldrich/G-6375-2014; Svatos, Michal/G-8437-2014; Chudoba, Jiri/G-7737-2014; Peleganchuk, Sergey/J-6722-2014; Santamarina Rios, Cibran/K-4686-2014; Solfaroli Camillocci, Elena/J-1596-2012; Tudorache, Alexandra/L-3557-2013; Tudorache, Valentina/D-2743-2012; Marti-Garcia, Salvador/F-3085-2011; Castro, Nuno/D-5260-2011; Wolters, Helmut/M-4154-2013; Warburton, Andreas/N-8028-2013; De, Kaushik/N-1953-2013; Sukharev, Andrey/A-6470-2014; O'Shea, Val/G-1279-2010; Lee, Jason/B-9701-2014; Morozov, Sergey/C-1396-2014; Robson, Aidan/G-1087-2011; Brooks, William/C-8636-2013; Pina, Joao /C-4391-2012; Vanyashin, Aleksandr/H-7796-2013; Ferrando, James/A-9192-2012; Casadei, Diego/I-1785-2013; La Rosa, Alessandro/I-1856-2013; Ishikawa, Akimasa/G-6916-2012; Moraes, Arthur/F-6478-2010; Conde Muino, Patricia/F-7696-2011; Boyko, Igor/J-3659-2013; Anjos, Nuno/I-3918-2013; Kartvelishvili, Vakhtang/K-2312-2013; Dawson, Ian/K-6090-2013; Giordano, Raffaele/J-3695-2012; Di Nardo, Roberto/J-4993-2012; Della Pietra, Massimo/J-5008-2012; Andreazza, Attilio/E-5642-2011; Rotaru, Marina/A-3097-2011; Wolter, Marcin/A-7412-2012; Kramarenko, Victor/E-1781-2012; Bergeaas Kuutmann, Elin/A-5204-2013; Cascella, Michele/B-6156-2013; messina, andrea/C-2753-2013; Orlov, Ilya/E-6611-2012; Annovi, Alberto/G-6028-2012; Stoicea, Gabriel/B-6717-2011; Fazio, Salvatore /G-5156-2010; Delmastro, Marco/I-5599-2012; Weigell, Philipp/I-9356-2012; Veneziano, Stefano/J-1610-2012; Alexa, Calin/F-6345-2010; Takai, Helio/C-3301-2012; Doyle, Anthony/C-5889-2009; Petrucci, Fabrizio/G-8348-2012; Smirnov, Sergei/F-1014-2011; Wemans, Andre/A-6738-2012; Fabbri, Laura/H-3442-2012; Kurashige, Hisaya/H-4916-2012; valente, paolo/A-6640-2010; Di Micco, Biagio/J-1755-2012; la rotonda, laura/B-4028-2016; Korol, Aleksandr/A-6244-2014; Karyukhin, Andrey/J-3904-2014; Capua, Marcella/A-8549-2015; Tartarelli, Giuseppe Francesco/A-5629-2016; Maneira, Jose/D-8486-2011; Prokoshin, Fedor/E-2795-2012; KHODINOV, ALEKSANDR/D-6269-2015; Goncalo, Ricardo/M-3153-2016; Gauzzi, Paolo/D-2615-2009; Chekulaev, Sergey/O-1145-2015; Solodkov, Alexander/B-8623-2017; Zaitsev, Alexandre/B-8989-2017; Monzani, Simone/D-6328-2017; Grancagnolo, Francesco/K-2857-2015; Gonzalez de la Hoz, Santiago/E-2494-2016; Guo, Jun/O-5202-2015; Smirnova, Oxana/A-4401-2013; Aguilar Saavedra, Juan Antonio/F-1256-2016; Leyton, Michael/G-2214-2016; Jones, Roger/H-5578-2011; SULIN, VLADIMIR/N-2793-2015; Olshevskiy, Alexander/I-1580-2016; Ventura, Andrea/A-9544-2015; Vanadia, Marco/K-5870-2016; Ippolito, Valerio/L-1435-2016; Mora Herrera, Maria Clemencia/L-3893-2016 OI Ferrer, Antonio/0000-0003-0532-711X; Hansen, John/0000-0002-8422-5543; Grancagnolo, Sergio/0000-0001-8490-8304; spagnolo, stefania/0000-0001-7482-6348; Camarri, Paolo/0000-0002-5732-5645; Tikhomirov, Vladimir/0000-0002-9634-0581; Gorelov, Igor/0000-0001-5570-0133; Carvalho, Joao/0000-0002-3015-7821; Booth, Christopher/0000-0002-6051-2847; Bosman, Martine/0000-0002-7290-643X; Lei, Xiaowen/0000-0002-2564-8351; Villaplana Perez, Miguel/0000-0002-0048-4602; Livan, Michele/0000-0002-5877-0062; Mitsou, Vasiliki/0000-0002-1533-8886; Gladilin, Leonid/0000-0001-9422-8636; Joergensen, Morten/0000-0002-6790-9361; Riu, Imma/0000-0002-3742-4582; Mir, Lluisa-Maria/0000-0002-4276-715X; Villa, Mauro/0000-0002-9181-8048; Mikestikova, Marcela/0000-0003-1277-2596; Kuday, Sinan/0000-0002-0116-5494; Svatos, Michal/0000-0002-7199-3383; Peleganchuk, Sergey/0000-0003-0907-7592; Santamarina Rios, Cibran/0000-0002-9810-1816; Solfaroli Camillocci, Elena/0000-0002-5347-7764; Castro, Nuno/0000-0001-8491-4376; Wolters, Helmut/0000-0002-9588-1773; Warburton, Andreas/0000-0002-2298-7315; De, Kaushik/0000-0002-5647-4489; O'Shea, Val/0000-0001-7183-1205; Lee, Jason/0000-0002-2153-1519; Morozov, Sergey/0000-0002-6748-7277; Brooks, William/0000-0001-6161-3570; Pina, Joao /0000-0001-8959-5044; Vanyashin, Aleksandr/0000-0002-0367-5666; Ferrando, James/0000-0002-1007-7816; La Rosa, Alessandro/0000-0001-6291-2142; Moraes, Arthur/0000-0002-5157-5686; Conde Muino, Patricia/0000-0002-9187-7478; Boyko, Igor/0000-0002-3355-4662; Della Pietra, Massimo/0000-0003-4446-3368; Andreazza, Attilio/0000-0001-5161-5759; Rotaru, Marina/0000-0003-3303-5683; Cascella, Michele/0000-0003-2091-2501; Orlov, Ilya/0000-0003-4073-0326; Annovi, Alberto/0000-0002-4649-4398; Stoicea, Gabriel/0000-0002-7511-4614; Delmastro, Marco/0000-0003-2992-3805; Veneziano, Stefano/0000-0002-2598-2659; Takai, Helio/0000-0001-9253-8307; Doyle, Anthony/0000-0001-6322-6195; Petrucci, Fabrizio/0000-0002-5278-2206; Smirnov, Sergei/0000-0002-6778-073X; Wemans, Andre/0000-0002-9669-9500; Fabbri, Laura/0000-0002-4002-8353; valente, paolo/0000-0002-5413-0068; Veloso, Filipe/0000-0002-5956-4244; Gomes, Agostinho/0000-0002-5940-9893; la rotonda, laura/0000-0002-6780-5829; Osculati, Bianca Maria/0000-0002-7246-060X; Amorim, Antonio/0000-0003-0638-2321; Santos, Helena/0000-0003-1710-9291; Coccaro, Andrea/0000-0003-2368-4559; De Lotto, Barbara/0000-0003-3624-4480; Korol, Aleksandr/0000-0001-8448-218X; Maio, Amelia/0000-0001-9099-0009; Fiolhais, Miguel/0000-0001-9035-0335; Karyukhin, Andrey/0000-0001-9087-4315; Anjos, Nuno/0000-0002-0018-0633; Giordani, Mario/0000-0002-0792-6039; Abdelalim, Ahmed Ali/0000-0002-2056-7894; Capua, Marcella/0000-0002-2443-6525; Di Micco, Biagio/0000-0002-4067-1592; Tartarelli, Giuseppe Francesco/0000-0002-4244-502X; Doria, Alessandra/0000-0002-5381-2649; Maneira, Jose/0000-0002-3222-2738; Prokoshin, Fedor/0000-0001-6389-5399; KHODINOV, ALEKSANDR/0000-0003-3551-5808; Goncalo, Ricardo/0000-0002-3826-3442; Gauzzi, Paolo/0000-0003-4841-5822; Solodkov, Alexander/0000-0002-2737-8674; Zaitsev, Alexandre/0000-0002-4961-8368; Monzani, Simone/0000-0002-0479-2207; Grancagnolo, Francesco/0000-0002-9367-3380; Gonzalez de la Hoz, Santiago/0000-0001-5304-5390; Guo, Jun/0000-0001-8125-9433; Smirnova, Oxana/0000-0003-2517-531X; Aguilar Saavedra, Juan Antonio/0000-0002-5475-8920; Leyton, Michael/0000-0002-0727-8107; Jones, Roger/0000-0002-6427-3513; SULIN, VLADIMIR/0000-0003-3943-2495; Olshevskiy, Alexander/0000-0002-8902-1793; Ventura, Andrea/0000-0002-3368-3413; Vanadia, Marco/0000-0003-2684-276X; Ippolito, Valerio/0000-0001-5126-1620; Mora Herrera, Maria Clemencia/0000-0003-3915-3170 FU ANPCyT, Argentina; YerPhI, Armenia; ARC, Australia; BMWF, Austria; ANAS, Azerbaijan; SSTC, Belarus; CNPq, Brazil; FAPESP, Brazil; NSERC, Canada; NRC, Canada; CFI, Canada; CERN; CONICYT, Chile; CAS, China; MOST, China; NSFC, China; COLCIENCIAS, Colombia; MSMT CR, Czech Republic; MPO CR, Czech Republic; VSC CR, Czech Republic; DNRF, Denmark; DNSRC, Denmark; Lundbeck Foundation, Denmark; ARTEMIS, European Union; ERC, European Union; IN2P3-CNRS, France; CEA-DSM/IRFU, France; GNAS, Georgia; BMBF, Germany; DFG, Germany; HGF, Germany; MPG, Germany; AvH Foundation, Germany; GSRT, Greece; ISF, Israel; MINERVA, Israel; GIF, Israel; DIP, Israel; INFN, Italy; MEXT, Japan; JSPS, Japan; CNRST, Morocco; FOM, Netherlands; NWO, Netherlands; RCN, Norway; MNiSW, Poland; GRICES, Portugal; FCT, Portugal; MERYS (MECTS), Romania; MES of Russia, Russian Federation; ROSATOM, Russian Federation; JINR; MSTD, Serbia; MSSR, Slovakia; ARRS, Slovenia; MVZT, Slovenia; DST/NRF, South Africa; MICINN, Spain; SRC, Sweden; Wallenberg Foundation, Sweden; SER, Switzerland; SNSF, Switzerland; Cantons of Bern, Switzerland; Geneva, Switzerland; NSC, Taiwan; TAEK, Turkey; STFC, United Kingdom; Royal Society, United Kingdom; Leverhulme Trust, United Kingdom; DOE, United States of America; NSF, United States of America FX We acknowledge the support of ANPCyT, Argentina; YerPhI, Armenia; ARC, Australia; BMWF, Austria; ANAS, Azerbaijan; SSTC, Belarus; CNPq and FAPESP, Brazil; NSERC, NRC and CFI, Canada; CERN; CONICYT, Chile; CAS, MOST and NSFC, China; COLCIENCIAS, Colombia; MSMT CR, MPO CR and VSC CR, Czech Republic; DNRF, DNSRC and Lundbeck Foundation, Denmark; ARTEMIS and ERC, European Union; IN2P3-CNRS, CEA-DSM/IRFU, France; GNAS, Georgia; BMBF, DFG, HGF, MPG and AvH Foundation, Germany; GSRT, Greece; ISF, MINERVA, GIF, DIP and Benoziyo Center, Israel; INFN, Italy; MEXT and JSPS, Japan; CNRST, Morocco; FOM and NWO, Netherlands; RCN, Norway; MNiSW, Poland; GRICES and FCT, Portugal; MERYS (MECTS), Romania; MES of Russia and ROSATOM, Russian Federation; JINR; MSTD, Serbia; MSSR, Slovakia; ARRS and MVZT, Slovenia; DST/NRF, South Africa; MICINN, Spain; SRC and Wallenberg Foundation, Sweden; SER, SNSF and Cantons of Bern and Geneva, Switzerland; NSC, Taiwan; TAEK, Turkey; STFC, the Royal Society and Leverhulme Trust, United Kingdom; DOE and NSF, United States of America. NR 49 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 4 U2 61 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1029-8479 J9 J HIGH ENERGY PHYS JI J. High Energy Phys. PD MAY PY 2012 IS 5 AR 128 DI 10.1007/JHEP05(2012)128 PG 47 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 958LL UT WOS:000305238600048 ER PT J AU Poland, D Simmons-Duffin, D Vichi, A AF Poland, David Simmons-Duffin, David Vichi, Alessandro TI Carving out the space of 4D CFTs SO JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Conformal and W Symmetry; Supersymmetric gauge theory; Global Symmetries ID SUPERSYMMETRIC GAUGE-THEORIES; OPERATOR PRODUCT EXPANSION; CHIRAL HIERARCHIES; CONFORMAL-INVARIANCE; TECHNICOLOR THEORIES; DIMENSIONS; CONSTRAINTS; HYPERCOLOR; SYMMETRY; MODEL AB We introduce a new numerical algorithm based on semidefinite programming to efficiently compute bounds on operator dimensions, central charges, and OPT coefficients in 4D conformal and N = 1 superconformal field theories. Using our algorithm, we dramatically improve previous bounds on a number of quantities, particularly for theories with global symmetries. In the case of SO(4) or SU(2) symmetry, our bounds severely constrain models of conformal technicolor. In N = 1 superconformal theories, we place strong bounds on dim(Phi(dagger)Phi), where Phi is a chiral operator. These bounds asymptote to the line dim(Phi(dagger)Phi) <= 2 dim(Phi) near dim(Phi) similar or equal to 1, forbidding positive anomalous dimensions in this region. We also place novel upper and lower bounds on OPE coefficients of protected operators in the Phi x Phi OPE. Finally, we find examples of lower bounds on central charges and flavor current two-point functions that scale with the size of global symmetry representations. In the case of N = 1 theories with an SU(N) flavor symmetry, our bounds on current two-point functions lie within an O(1) factor of the values realized in supersymmetric QCD in the conformal window. C1 [Poland, David; Simmons-Duffin, David] Harvard Univ, Jefferson Phys Lab, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Poland, David] Inst Adv Study, Sch Nat Sci, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA. [Vichi, Alessandro] Ecole Polytech Fed Lausanne, Inst Theorie Phenomenes Phys, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland. [Vichi, Alessandro] Univ Calif Berkeley, Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Poland, D (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Jefferson Phys Lab, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM dpoland@gmail.com; davidsd@gmail.com; AVichi@lbl.gov RI Poland, David/A-8689-2015 OI Poland, David/0000-0003-3854-2430 FU Harvard Center for the Fundamental Laws of Nature, NSF [PHY-0556111]; Swiss National Science Foundation [200021-125237]; Office of Science, Office of High Energy and Nuclear Physics, of the US Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX We thank Nima Arkani-Hamed, Diego Hofman, Ken Intriligator, Juan Maldacena, Riccardo Rattazzi, Slava Rychkov, and Matt Strassler for helpful comments and conversations. The computations in this paper were run on the Odyssey cluster supported by the FAS Science Division Research Computing Group at Harvard University. We would like to thank John Brunelle in particular for technical support. This work is supported in part by the Harvard Center for the Fundamental Laws of Nature, NSF grant PHY-0556111, the Swiss National Science Foundation under contract No. 200021-125237, and by the Director, Office of Science, Office of High Energy and Nuclear Physics, of the US Department of Energy under Contract DE-AC02-05CH11231. NR 82 TC 91 Z9 91 U1 1 U2 2 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1029-8479 J9 J HIGH ENERGY PHYS JI J. High Energy Phys. PD MAY PY 2012 IS 5 AR 110 DI 10.1007/JHEP05(2012)110 PG 58 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 958LL UT WOS:000305238600030 ER PT J AU Zhu, KK Sun, JM Zhang, H Liu, J Wang, Y AF Zhu, Kake Sun, Junming Zhang, He Liu, Jun Wang, Yong TI Carbon as a hard template for nano material catalysts SO JOURNAL OF NATURAL GAS CHEMISTRY LA English DT Review DE carbon; template; catalysis; nanomaterial; hierarchy ID ZEOLITE SINGLE-CRYSTALS; HIGH-SURFACE-AREA; CONFINED SPACE SYNTHESIS; ORDERED MESOPOROUS POLYMERS; ADSORPTION DATA-ANALYSIS; HIGH THERMAL-STABILITY; HIERARCHICAL ZEOLITES; MOLECULAR-SIEVES; NITRIDE NANORODS; MAGNESIUM-OXIDE AB As one of the naturally abundant elements, carbon can present in different molecular structures (allotropes) and thus lead to various physical/chemical properties of carbon-based materials which have found wide applications in a variety of fields including electrochemistry, optical, adsorption and catalysis, etc. On the other hand, its different allotropes also endow carbon-based materials with various morphostructures, which have been recently explored to prepare oxides and zeolites/zeotypes with tailored structures. In this review, we mainly summarize the recent advances in using carbon materials as hard templates to synthesize structural materials. Specifically, we focus on the development in the synthetic strategies, such as endotemplating, exotemplating approaches and using carbon materials as chemical reagents for the synthesis of metal carbides or nitrides, with an emphasis laid on the control of morphostructure. Meanwhile, the applications of the obtained materials will be highlighted, especially, in the field of heterogeneous catalysis where enhanced performances have been achieved with the materials derived from carbon-templated methods. C1 [Sun, Junming; Zhang, He; Wang, Yong] Washington State Univ, Gene & Linda Voiland Sch Chem Engn & Bioengn, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Zhu, Kake] E China Univ Sci & Technol, State Key Lab Chem Engn, Shanghai 200237, Peoples R China. [Sun, Junming; Liu, Jun; Wang, Yong] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Inst Integrated Catalysis, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Sun, JM (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Gene & Linda Voiland Sch Chem Engn & Bioengn, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM junming.sun@wsu.edu; yong.wang@pnnl.gov RI Sun, Junming/B-3019-2011; Wang, Yong/C-2344-2013 OI Sun, Junming/0000-0002-0071-9635; FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [21006024]; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysts and Innovative Materials, Department of Chemistry, Fudan University [2010MCIMKF]; Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities [WA0914023]; CPNP Foundation [2011D-5006-0507]; Shanghai Pujiang Program [11PJ1402600]; US Department of Energy (DOE), Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Chemical Sciences, Bio-sciences and Geosciences FX We gratefully acknowledge the US Department of Energy (DOE), Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Chemical Sciences, Bio-sciences and Geosciences for the support of this work. KZ is grateful for the financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (21006024), Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysts and Innovative Materials, Department of Chemistry, Fudan University (No. 2010MCIMKF), Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (WA0914023), and CPNP Foundation (2011D-5006-0507), and is also sponsored by the Shanghai Pujiang Program (11PJ1402600) for talented returnees. NR 99 TC 16 Z9 18 U1 2 U2 100 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1003-9953 J9 J NAT GAS CHEM JI J. Nat. Gas Chem. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 21 IS 3 BP 215 EP 232 DI 10.1016/S1003-9953(11)60357-5 PG 18 WC Chemistry, Applied; Chemistry, Physical; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical SC Chemistry; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 965OC UT WOS:000305776100002 ER PT J AU Su, Z Moridis, GJ Zhang, KN Wu, NY AF Su, Zheng Moridis, George J. Zhang, Keni Wu, Nengyou TI A huff-and-puff production of gas hydrate deposits in Shenhu area of South China Sea through a vertical well SO JOURNAL OF PETROLEUM SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE gas hydrates; Shenhu area; hydrate dissociation; huff-and-puff; numerical simulation ID DECOMPOSITION; STIMULATION; STEAM; FLOW AB The Shenhu area on the northern continental slope of the South China Sea is one of the most promising fields for gas hydrate exploitation. Drilling and sampling has indicated high saturations of methane hydrate in clay silty sediments at drilling site SH2. The hydrate-bearing layer is overlain and underlain by permeable zones of mobile water, and the system does not appear to be bounded by low-permeability strata. In this study a huff-and-puff method is used to producing gas from the hydrate accumulation. We simulate numerically the hydrate dissociation and gas production by alternately injecting hot water and producing fluids at a vertical well. The simulations show the gas production rate in huff-and-puff operations is very small (50-140 m(3)/d), and unacceptable for commercial production. The calculation also indicated secondary hydrates forms at the very early period of injecting operations, and then gas is released due to the thermal stimulation of hot water, but the amount of released gas in the injection periods of hot water is much smaller than that converts into secondary hydrates. In the production operations, much of gas is released from the hydrates due to a small depressurization at the well, but the released gas can not produce effectively due to the small pressure gradient, and thus remains in the reservoir and converts into secondary hydrates in the next operation of injecting hot water. The study provides an insight into the production potential of the Shenhu hydrate accumulations through the huff-and-puff method, and a basis for the analysis of the economic feasibility of gas production from that area. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Su, Zheng; Wu, Nengyou] Chinese Acad Sci, Guangzhou Inst Energy Convers, Key Lab Renewable Energy & Gas Hydrate, Guangzhou 510640, Guangdong, Peoples R China. [Su, Zheng; Wu, Nengyou] Chinese Acad Sci, Guangzhou Ctr Gas Hydrate Res, Guangzhou 510640, Guangdong, Peoples R China. [Moridis, George J.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94702 USA. [Zhang, Keni] Beijing Normal Univ, Coll Water Sci, Beijing 100875, Peoples R China. RP Wu, NY (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Guangzhou Inst Energy Convers, Key Lab Renewable Energy & Gas Hydrate, Guangzhou 510640, Guangdong, Peoples R China. EM wuny@ms.giec.ac.cn FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [41076037]; Knowledge Innovation Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences [KGCX2-YW-805]; China Geological Survey; Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory under the U.S. Department of Energy FX This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 41076037), Knowledge Innovation Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences (No. KGCX2-YW-805), China Geological Survey, and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory under the U.S. Department of Energy. We also thank the anonymous reviewers for their comments and suggestions to improve the quality of work. NR 25 TC 16 Z9 18 U1 3 U2 34 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-4105 J9 J PETROL SCI ENG JI J. Pet. Sci. Eng. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 86-87 BP 54 EP 61 DI 10.1016/j.petrol.2012.03.020 PG 8 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Petroleum SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 966EP UT WOS:000305820700006 ER PT J AU Su, Z He, Y Wu, NY Zhang, KN Moridis, GJ AF Su, Zheng He, Yong Wu, Nengyou Zhang, Keni Moridis, George J. TI Evaluation on gas production potential from laminar hydrate deposits in Shenhu Area of South China Sea through depressurization using vertical wells SO JOURNAL OF PETROLEUM SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE gas hydrates; hydrate dissociation; depressurization; numerical simulation ID DECOMPOSITION AB Gas hydrates are solid crystalline compounds in which gas molecules are lodged in lattices of ice crystals. Shenhu area is considered as one of the most promising fields on north continental slope of the South China Sea (SCS). Drilling and sampling at the site has indicated occurrences of methane hydrate in clay silty sediments. The thin Hydrate-Bearing Layer (HBL) is overlain and underlain by zones of mobile water, and the layer does not appear to be bounded by low-permeability strata. In this study we assess by means of numerical simulation the production potential of the laminar hydrate deposit at drilling site SH3 in the Shenhu area. We simulate the hydrate dissociation and the gas production induced by depressurization at a vertical well. To minimize gas losses through the overburden and excessive water production through proximity to the permeable, water-saturated zones, a perforated interval is limited to the middle section of the vertical well within the hydrate layer. The simulations show that productions from depressurization-induced dissociation through a vertical well at constant well pressure do not appear to be a promising approach in the deposits of low hydraulic diffusion. The production of hydrate-originating gas decreases at the beginning of the production and then keep stable in the reference case and the average production is 211 m(3)/d. The deposit permeability is considered as the most insensitive parameter to enhance the gas production. And the production potential is much lower than that of deposits having an impermeable upper boundary as expectation. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Su, Zheng; He, Yong; Wu, Nengyou] Chinese Acad Sci, Guangzhou Inst Energy Convers, Key Lab Renewable Energy & Gas Hydrate, Guangzhou 510640, Guangdong, Peoples R China. [Su, Zheng; He, Yong; Wu, Nengyou] Chinese Acad Sci, Guangzhou Ctr Gas Hydrate Res, Guangzhou 510640, Guangdong, Peoples R China. [Zhang, Keni] Beijing Normal Univ, Coll Water Sci, Beijing 100875, Peoples R China. [Moridis, George J.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94702 USA. RP Wu, NY (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Guangzhou Inst Energy Convers, Key Lab Renewable Energy & Gas Hydrate, Guangzhou 510640, Guangdong, Peoples R China. EM wuny@ms.giec.ac.cn FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [41076037]; National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program) [2009CB219508]; China Geological Survey; Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory under the U.S. Department of Energy FX This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 41076037), the National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program) (No. 2009CB219508), the China Geological Survey and the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory under the U.S. Department of Energy. We also thank the anonymous reviewers for their comments and suggestions to improve the quality of work. NR 20 TC 12 Z9 16 U1 2 U2 34 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-4105 J9 J PETROL SCI ENG JI J. Pet. Sci. Eng. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 86-87 BP 87 EP 98 DI 10.1016/j.petrol.2012.03.008 PG 12 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Petroleum SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 966EP UT WOS:000305820700009 ER PT J AU Schmidt, MC Rocha, AM Padmanabhan, K Shpanskaya, Y Banfield, J Scott, K Mihelcic, JR Samatova, NF AF Schmidt, Matthew C. Rocha, Andrea M. Padmanabhan, Kanchana Shpanskaya, Yekaterina Banfield, Jill Scott, Kathleen Mihelcic, James R. Samatova, Nagiza F. TI NIBBS-Search for Fast and Accurate Prediction of Phenotype-Biased Metabolic Systems SO PLOS COMPUTATIONAL BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID FERMENTATIVE HYDROGEN-PRODUCTION; CLOSTRIDIUM-ACETOBUTYLICUM; MICROBIAL-PRODUCTION; BIOLOGICAL NETWORKS; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; GENE-EXPRESSION; PROLINE; BACTERIA; KEGG; PERSPECTIVE AB Understanding of genotype-phenotype associations is important not only for furthering our knowledge on internal cellular processes, but also essential for providing the foundation necessary for genetic engineering of microorganisms for industrial use (e.g., production of bioenergy or biofuels). However, genotype-phenotype associations alone do not provide enough information to alter an organism's genome to either suppress or exhibit a phenotype. It is important to look at the phenotype-related genes in the context of the genome-scale network to understand how the genes interact with other genes in the organism. Identification of metabolic subsystems involved in the expression of the phenotype is one way of placing the phenotype-related genes in the context of the entire network. A metabolic system refers to a metabolic network subgraph; nodes are compounds and edges labels are the enzymes that catalyze the reaction. The metabolic subsystem could be part of a single metabolic pathway or span parts of multiple pathways. Arguably, comparative genome-scale metabolic network analysis is a promising strategy to identify these phenotype-related metabolic subsystems. Network Instance-Based Biased Subgraph Search (NIBBS) is a graph-theoretic method for genome-scale metabolic network comparative analysis that can identify metabolic systems that are statistically biased toward phenotype-expressing organismal networks. We set up experiments with target phenotypes like hydrogen production, TCA expression, and acid-tolerance. We show via extensive literature search that some of the resulting metabolic subsystems are indeed phenotype-related and formulate hypotheses for other systems in terms of their role in phenotype expression. NIBBS is also orders of magnitude faster than MULE, one of the most efficient maximal frequent subgraph mining algorithms that could be adjusted for this problem. Also, the set of phenotype-biased metabolic systems output by NIBBS comes very close to the set of phenotype-biased subgraphs output by an exact maximally-biased subgraph enumeration algorithm (MBS-Enum). The code (NIBBS and the module to visualize the identified subsystems) is available at http://freescience.org/cs/NIBBS. C1 [Schmidt, Matthew C.; Padmanabhan, Kanchana; Samatova, Nagiza F.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Comp Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Schmidt, Matthew C.; Padmanabhan, Kanchana; Samatova, Nagiza F.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Comp Sci & Math Div, Oak Ridge, TN USA. [Rocha, Andrea M.; Mihelcic, James R.] Univ S Florida, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Tampa, FL USA. [Shpanskaya, Yekaterina] Duke Univ, Dept Neurosci, Durham, NC USA. [Banfield, Jill] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Banfield, Jill] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Planetary Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Banfield, Jill] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Earth Sci, Dept Geochem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Scott, Kathleen] Univ S Florida, Dept Integrat Biol, Tampa, FL USA. RP Schmidt, MC (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Comp Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM samatova@csc.ncsu.edu OI Rocha, Andrea M./0000-0002-8471-9463 FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science; Office of Advanced Scientific Computing Research (ASCR); Office of Biological and Environmental Research (BER); U.S. National Science Foundation (Expeditions in Computing); Delores Auzenne Fellowship; Alfred P. Sloan Minority PhD Scholarship Program; UT-Battelle for the LLC U.S. D.O.E. [DEAC05-00OR22725] FX This work was supported in part by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, the Office of Advanced Scientific Computing Research (ASCR) and the Office of Biological and Environmental Research (BER) and the U.S. National Science Foundation (Expeditions in Computing). The work by AR was supported by the Delores Auzenne Fellowship and the Alfred P. Sloan Minority PhD Scholarship Program. Oak Ridge National Laboratory is managed by UT-Battelle for the LLC U.S. D.O.E. under contract no. DEAC05-00OR22725. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 68 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 10 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1553-734X EI 1553-7358 J9 PLOS COMPUT BIOL JI PLoS Comput. Biol. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 8 IS 5 AR e1002490 DI 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1002490 PG 19 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Mathematical & Computational Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Mathematical & Computational Biology GA 968GF UT WOS:000305964600005 PM 22589706 ER PT J AU Shirinifard, A Glazier, JA Swat, M Gens, JS Family, F Jiang, Y Grossniklaus, HE AF Shirinifard, Abbas Glazier, James Alexander Swat, Maciej Gens, J. Scott Family, Fereydoon Jiang, Yi Grossniklaus, Hans E. TI Adhesion Failures Determine the Pattern of Choroidal Neovascularization in the Eye: A Computer Simulation Study SO PLOS COMPUTATIONAL BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ENDOTHELIAL GROWTH-FACTOR; RETINAL-PIGMENT EPITHELIUM; TUMOR-INDUCED ANGIOGENESIS; AGE-RELATED MACULOPATHY; SUBRETINAL DRUSENOID DEPOSITS; MACULAR DEGENERATION; BRUCHS MEMBRANE; RETICULAR PSEUDODRUSEN; NATURAL-HISTORY; THEORETICAL ESTIMATION AB Choroidal neovascularization (CNV) of the macular area of the retina is the major cause of severe vision loss in adults. In CNV, after choriocapillaries initially penetrate Bruch's membrane (BrM), invading vessels may regress or expand (CNV initiation). Next, during Early and Late CNV, the expanding vasculature usually spreads in one of three distinct patterns: in a layer between BrM and the retinal pigment epithelium (sub-RPE or Type 1 CNV), in a layer between the RPE and the photoreceptors (sub-retinal or Type 2 CNV) or in both loci simultaneously (combined pattern or Type 3 CNV). While most studies hypothesize that CNV primarily results from growth-factor effects or holes in BrM, our three-dimensional simulations of multi-cell model of the normal and pathological maculae recapitulate the three growth patterns, under the hypothesis that CNV results from combinations of impairment of: 1) RPE-RPE epithelial junctional adhesion, 2) Adhesion of the RPE basement membrane complex to BrM (RPE-BrM adhesion), and 3) Adhesion of the RPE to the photoreceptor outer segments (RPE-POS adhesion). Our key findings are that when an endothelial tip cell penetrates BrM: 1) RPE with normal epithelial junctions, basal attachment to BrM and apical attachment to POS resists CNV. 2) Small holes in BrM do not, by themselves, initiate CNV. 3) RPE with normal epithelial junctions and normal apical RPE-POS adhesion, but weak adhesion to BrM (e. g. due to lipid accumulation in BrM) results in Early sub-RPE CNV. 4) Normal adhesion of RBaM to BrM, but reduced apical RPE-POS or epithelial RPE-RPE adhesion (e. g. due to inflammation) results in Early sub-retinal CNV. 5) Simultaneous reduction in RPE-RPE epithelial binding and RPE-BrM adhesion results in either sub-RPE or sub-retinal CNV which often progresses to combined pattern CNV. These findings suggest that defects in adhesion dominate CNV initiation and progression. C1 [Shirinifard, Abbas; Glazier, James Alexander; Swat, Maciej; Gens, J. Scott] Indiana Univ, Biocomplex Inst, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. [Shirinifard, Abbas; Glazier, James Alexander; Swat, Maciej; Gens, J. Scott] Indiana Univ, Dept Phys, Bloomington, IN USA. [Family, Fereydoon] Emory Univ, Dept Phys, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Jiang, Yi] Georgia State Univ, Dept Math & Stat, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA. [Jiang, Yi] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM USA. [Grossniklaus, Hans E.] Emory Univ, LF Montgomery Ophthalm Pathol Lab, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. RP Shirinifard, A (reprint author), Indiana Univ, Biocomplex Inst, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. EM ashirini@indiana.edu FU National Institutes of Health/National Institute of General Medical Sciences [5R01 GM076692-01, 1R01 GM077138-01A1]; Environmental Protection Agency/National Center for Environmental Research [R834289]; National Science Foundation [CNS-0521433]; College of Arts and Sciences; Office of the Vice President for Research under their Faculty Research Support Program; Research Technologies for computational cycles on the Quarry cluster; Biocomplexity Institute, all at Indiana University, Bloomington; Emory College of Arts and Sciences and Departmental Core Grant [P30EY06360]; Emory University; DOE [W-7405-ENG-36] FX This work was sponsored by National Institutes of Health/National Institute of General Medical Sciences grants 5R01 GM076692-01 and 1R01 GM077138-01A1 and Environmental Protection Agency/National Center for Environmental Research grant R834289 and the National Science Foundation under Grant No. CNS-0521433. We have received support from the College of Arts and Sciences, the Office of the Vice President for Research under their Faculty Research Support Program, Research Technologies for computational cycles on the Quarry cluster, and the Biocomplexity Institute, all at Indiana University, Bloomington. We have received support from Emory College of Arts and Sciences and Departmental Core Grant P30EY06360, Emory University. Jiang Y. is supported by DOE under contract W-7405-ENG-36. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 104 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 6 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1553-734X EI 1553-7358 J9 PLOS COMPUT BIOL JI PLoS Comput. Biol. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 8 IS 5 AR e1002440 DI 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1002440 PG 32 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Mathematical & Computational Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Mathematical & Computational Biology GA 968GF UT WOS:000305964600002 PM 22570603 ER PT J AU Blazek, J Mandelbaum, R Seljak, U Nakajima, R AF Blazek, Jonathan Mandelbaum, Rachel Seljak, Uros Nakajima, Reiko TI Separating intrinsic alignment and galaxy-galaxy lensing SO JOURNAL OF COSMOLOGY AND ASTROPARTICLE PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE weak gravitational lensing; galaxy surveys; galaxy formation ID DIGITAL SKY SURVEY; SPECTROSCOPIC TARGET SELECTION; LUMINOUS RED GALAXIES; LARGE-SCALE STRUCTURE; ELLIPTICITY CORRELATION; DENSITY CORRELATION; HALO ELLIPTICITY; SELF-CALIBRATION; COSMIC SHEAR; DATA RELEASE AB The coherent physical alignment of galaxies is an important systematic for gravitational lensing studies as well as a probe of the physical mechanisms involved in galaxy formation and evolution. We develop a formalism for treating this intrinsic alignment (IA) in the context of galaxy-galaxy lensing and present an improved method for measuring IA contamination, which can arise when sources physically associated with the lens are placed behind the lens due to photometric redshift scatter. We apply the technique to recent Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) measurements of Luminous Red Galaxy lenses and typical (similar to L-*) source galaxies with photometric redshifts selected from the SDSS imaging data Compared to previous measurements, this method has the advantage of being fully self-consistent in its treatment of the IA and lensing signals, solving for the two simultaneously. We find an IA signal consistent with zero, placing tight constraints on both the magnitude of the IA effect and its potential contamination to the lensing signal. While these constraints depend on source selection and redshift quality, the method can be applied to any measurement that uses photometric redshifts. We obtain a model-independent upper-limit of roughly 10% IA contamination for projected separations of r(p) approximate to 0.1-10 h(-1) Mpc. With more stringent photo-z cuts and reasonable assumptions about the physics of intrinsic alignments, this upper limit is reduced to 1-2%. These limits are well below the statistical error of the current lensing measurements. Our results suggest that IA will not present intractable challenges to the next generation of galaxy-galaxy lensing experiments, and the methods presented here should continue to aid in our understanding of alignment processes and in the removal of IA from the lensing signal. C1 [Blazek, Jonathan; Seljak, Uros] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Blazek, Jonathan; Seljak, Uros] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Mandelbaum, Rachel] Princeton Univ, Peyton Hall Observ, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Mandelbaum, Rachel] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Phys, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. [Seljak, Uros] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Astron, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Seljak, Uros] Univ Zurich, Inst Theoret Phys, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland. [Seljak, Uros] Ewha Womans Univ, Inst Early Univ, Seoul 120750, South Korea. [Nakajima, Reiko] Argelander Inst Astron, D-53121 Bonn, Germany. RP Blazek, J (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM blazek@berkeley.edu; rmandelb@andrew.cmu.edu; useljak@berkeley.edu; reiko@astro.uni-bonn.de RI Mandelbaum, Rachel/N-8955-2014 OI Mandelbaum, Rachel/0000-0003-2271-1527 FU DOE; Swiss National Foundation [200021-116696/1]; WCU [R32-2009-000-10130-0]; Alfred P. Sloan Foundation; National Science Foundation; U.S. Department of Energy; National Aeronautics and Space Administration; Japanese Monbukagakusho; Max Planck Society; Higher Education Funding Council for England; American Museum of Natural History; Astrophysical Institute Potsdam; University of Basel; University of Cambridge; Case Western Reserve University; University of Chicago; Drexel University; Fermilab; Institute for Advanced Study; Japan Participation Group; Johns Hopkins University; Joint Institute for Nuclear Astrophysics; Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology; Korean Scientist Group; Chinese Academy of Sciences (LAMOST); Los Alamos National Laboratory; Max-Planck-Institute for Astronomy (MPIA); Max-Planck-Institute for Astrophysics (MPA); New Mexico State University; Ohio State University; University of Pittsburgh; University of Portsmouth; Princeton University; United States Naval Observatory; University of Washington FX This work is supported by the DOE, the Swiss National Foundation under contract 200021-116696/1, and WCU grant R32-2009-000-10130-0.; Funding for the SDSS and SDSS-II has been provided by the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, the Participating Institutions, the National Science Foundation, the U.S. Department of Energy, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, the Japanese Monbukagakusho, the Max Planck Society, and the Higher Education Funding Council for England. The SDSS Web Site is http://www.sdss.org/.; The SDSS is managed by the Astrophysical Research Consortium for the Participating Institutions. The Participating Institutions are the American Museum of Natural History, Astrophysical Institute Potsdam, University of Basel, University of Cambridge, Case Western Reserve University, University of Chicago, Drexel University, Fermilab, the Institute for Advanced Study, the Japan Participation Group, Johns Hopkins University, the Joint Institute for Nuclear Astrophysics, the Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, the Korean Scientist Group, the Chinese Academy of Sciences (LAMOST), Los Alamos National Laboratory, the Max-Planck-Institute for Astronomy (MPIA), the Max-Planck-Institute for Astrophysics (MPA), New Mexico State University, Ohio State University, University of Pittsburgh, University of Portsmouth, Princeton University, the United States Naval Observatory, and the University of Washington. NR 70 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 3 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1475-7516 J9 J COSMOL ASTROPART P JI J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys. PD MAY PY 2012 IS 5 AR 041 DI 10.1088/1475-7516/2012/05/041 PG 32 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 960UA UT WOS:000305415200042 ER PT J AU Schneider, MD Frenk, CS Cole, S AF Schneider, Michael D. Frenk, Carlos S. Cole, Shaun TI The shapes and alignments of dark matter halos SO JOURNAL OF COSMOLOGY AND ASTROPARTICLE PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE dark matter simulations; galaxy clusters; cosmic web; weak gravitational lensing ID LARGE-SCALE STRUCTURE; LUMINOUS RED GALAXIES; WEAK-LENSING SURVEYS; INTRINSIC ELLIPTICITY CORRELATION; PROBE WMAP OBSERVATIONS; X-RAY; SUNYAEV-ZELDOVICH; DENSITY PROFILES; ANGULAR MOMENTA; ASSEMBLY BIAS AB We present measurements of the triaxial dark matter halo shapes and alignment correlation functions in the Millennium and Millennium-2 dark matter N-body simulations. These two simulations allow us to measure the distributions of halo shapes down to 10% of the virial radius over a halo mass range of 6 x 10(9)-2 x 10(14) h(-1)M(circle dot). We largely confirm previous results on the distributions of halo axis ratios as a function of halo mass, but we find that the median angle between halo major axes at different halo radii can vary by a factor of 2 between the Millennium-1 and 2 simulations because of the different mass resolution. Thus, error in the shape determinations from limited resolution is potentially degenerate with the misalignment of halo inner and outer shapes used to constrain Brightest Cluster Galaxy alignments in previous works. We also present simplifying parameterizations for the 3-D halo-mass alignment correlation functions that are necessary ingredients for triaxial halo models of large-scale structure and models of galaxy intrinsic alignments as contaminants for cosmic shear surveys. We measure strong alignments between halos of all masses and the surrounding dark matter overdensities out to several tens of h(-1) Mpc, in agreement with observed shear-galaxy and cluster shape correlations. We use these measurements to forecast the contribution to the weak lensing signal around galaxy clusters from correlated mass along the line-of-sight. For prolate clusters with major axes aligned with the line-of-sight the fraction of the weak lensing signal from mass external to the cluster can be twice that predicted if the excess halo alignment correlation is assumed to be zero. C1 [Schneider, Michael D.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. [Schneider, Michael D.; Frenk, Carlos S.; Cole, Shaun] Univ Durham, Dept Phys, Inst Computat Cosmol, Durham DH1 3LE, England. RP Schneider, MD (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 808 L-210, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM schneider42@llnl.gov; c.s.frenk@durham.ac.uk; shaun.cole@durham.ac.uk FU STFC; Large Facilities Capital Fund of BIS; Durham University; U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344] FX We thank Phil Bett, Jonathan Blazek, and Andreas Faltenbacher for helpful comments on the first draft of this paper. The calculations for this paper were performed on the ICC Cosmology Machine, which is part of the DiRAC Facility jointly funded by STFC, the Large Facilities Capital Fund of BIS, and Durham University. Part of this work performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. NR 85 TC 47 Z9 47 U1 0 U2 3 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1475-7516 J9 J COSMOL ASTROPART P JI J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys. PD MAY PY 2012 IS 5 AR 030 DI 10.1088/1475-7516/2012/05/030 PG 45 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 960UA UT WOS:000305415200031 ER PT J AU Alexopoulos, T Iakovidis, G Tsipolitis, G AF Alexopoulos, T. Iakovidis, G. Tsipolitis, G. TI Study of resistive micromegas detectors in a mixed neutron and photon radiation environment SO JOURNAL OF INSTRUMENTATION LA English DT Article DE Gaseous detectors; Micropattern gaseous detectors (MSGC, GEM, THGEM, RETHGEM, MHSP, MICROPIC, MICROMEGAS, InGrid, etc); Detector modelling and simulations II (electric fields, charge transport, multiplication and induction, pulse formation, electron emission etc); Muon spectrometers ID BULK AB The Muon ATLAS Micromegas Activity (MAMMA) focuses on the development and testing of large-area muon detectors based on the bulk-Micromegas technology. These detectors are candidates for the upgrade of the ATLAS Muon System in view of the luminosity upgrade of Large Hadron Collider at CERN (sLHC). They will combine trigger and precision measurement capability in a single device. A novel protection scheme using resistive strips above the read-out electrode has been developed. The response and sparking properties of resistive Micromegas detectors were successfully tested in a mixed (neutron and gamma) high radiation environment supplied by the Tandem accelerator at the N.C.S.R. Demokritos in Athens. Monte-Carlo studies have been employed to study the effect of 5.5 MeV neutrons impinging on Micromegas detectors. The response of the Micromegas detectors on the photons originating from the inevitable neutron inelastic scattering on the surrounding materials of the experimental facility was also studied. C1 [Alexopoulos, T.; Iakovidis, G.; Tsipolitis, G.] Natl Tech Univ Athens, GR-15773 Zografos, Greece. [Iakovidis, G.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Iakovidis, G (reprint author), Natl Tech Univ Athens, Zografou Campus, GR-15773 Zografos, Greece. EM george.iakovidis@cern.ch FU MAMMA collaboration at CERN FX We would like to thank the MAMMA collaboration at CERN for the support and development of Micromegas detectors as well as the "Demokritos" laboratory in Athens for providing the infrastructure and support for such an experiment. NR 10 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 3 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1748-0221 J9 J INSTRUM JI J. Instrum. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 7 AR C05001 DI 10.1088/1748-0221/7/05/C05001 PG 7 WC Instruments & Instrumentation SC Instruments & Instrumentation GA 960VJ UT WOS:000305419700002 ER PT J AU Arazi, L da Luz, HN Freytag, D Pitt, M Azevedo, CDR Rubin, A Cortesi, M Covita, DS Oliveira, CAB Oliveri, E Herbst, R Park, S Yu, J Chechik, R dos Santos, JMF Breidenbach, M Haller, G White, A Veloso, JFCA Breskin, A AF Arazi, L. Natal da Luz, H. Freytag, D. Pitt, M. Azevedo, C. D. R. Rubin, A. Cortesi, M. Covita, D. S. Oliveira, C. A. B. Oliveri, E. Herbst, R. Park, S. Yu, J. Chechik, R. dos Santos, J. M. F. Breidenbach, M. Haller, G. White, A. Veloso, J. F. C. A. Breskin, A. TI THGEM-based detectors for sampling elements in DHCAL: laboratory and beam evaluation SO JOURNAL OF INSTRUMENTATION LA English DT Article DE Calorimeters; Micropattern gaseous detectors (MSGC, GEM, THGEM, RETHGEM, MHSP, MICROPIC, MICROMEGAS, InGrid, etc)ARXIV EPRINT: 1112.1915 ID MULTIPLIERS AB We report on the results of an extensive R&D program aimed at the evaluation of Thick-Gas Electron Multipliers (THGEM) as potential active elements for Digital Hadron Calorimetry (DHCAL). Results are presented on efficiency, pad multiplicity and discharge probability of a 10x10 cm(2) prototype detector with 1 cm(2) readout pads. The detector is comprised of single-or double-THGEM multipliers coupled to the pad electrode either directly or via a resistive anode. Investigations employing standard discrete electronics and the KPiX readout system have been carried out both under laboratory conditions and with muons and pions at the CERN RD51 test beam. For detectors having a charge-induction gap, it has been shown that even a similar to 6 mm thick single-THGEM detector reached detection efficiencies above 95%, with pad-hit multiplicity of 1.1-1.2 per event; discharge probabilities were of the order of 10(-6)-10(-5) sparks/trigger, depending on the detector structure and gain. Preliminary beam tests with a WELL hole-structure, closed by a resistive anode, yielded discharge probabilities of <2x10(-6) for an efficiency of similar to 95%. Methods are presented to reduce charge-spread and pad multiplicity with resistive anodes. The new method showed good prospects for further evaluation of very thin THGEM-based detectors as potential active elements for DHCAL, with competitive performances, simplicity and robustness. Further developments are in course. C1 [Arazi, L.; Pitt, M.; Rubin, A.; Cortesi, M.; Chechik, R.; Breskin, A.] Weizmann Inst Sci, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel. [Natal da Luz, H.; dos Santos, J. M. F.] Univ Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal. [Freytag, D.; Herbst, R.; Breidenbach, M.; Haller, G.] SLAC, Stanford, CA USA. [Azevedo, C. D. R.; Covita, D. S.; Oliveira, C. A. B.; Veloso, J. F. C. A.] Univ Aveiro, Dept Phys, I3N, Aveiro, Portugal. [Park, S.; Yu, J.; White, A.] Univ Texas Arlington, Arlington, TX USA. [Oliveri, E.] Univ Siena, I-53100 Siena, Italy. [Oliveri, E.] INFN Pisa, Pisa, Italy. [Cortesi, M.] Paul Scherrer Inst, CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland. RP Arazi, L (reprint author), Weizmann Inst Sci, POB 26, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel. EM lior.arazi@weizmann.ac.il RI Universidade Aveiro, Departamento Fisica/E-4128-2013; Natal da Luz, Hugo/F-6460-2013; veloso, joao/J-4478-2013; Covita, Daniel/J-5627-2013; BRESKIN, AMOS/K-1549-2012; dos Santos, Joaquim/B-3058-2015; Azevedo, Carlos/J-5733-2013; OI Natal da Luz, Hugo/0000-0003-1177-870X; Azevedo, Carlos/0000-0002-0012-9918; Veloso, Joao/0000-0002-7107-7203 FU Israel-U.S.A. Binational Science Foundation [2008246]; Benozyio Foundation; FCT [PTDC/FIS/113005/2009, CERN/FP/116394/2010, SFRH/BPD/66737/2009, SFRH/BPD/46611/2008]; FEDER; [SFRH/BD/35979/2007] FX This work was supported in part by the Israel-U.S.A. Binational Science Foundation (Grant 2008246), by the Benozyio Foundation and by the FCT Projects PTDC/FIS/113005/2009 and CERN/FP/116394/2010. The research was done within the CERN RD51 collaboration. H. Natal da Luz is supported by FCT grant SFRH/BPD/66737/2009. C. D. R Azevedo is supported by the SFRH/BD/35979/2007 grant and D. S. Covita by the SFRH/BPD/46611/2008 grant through FCT and FEDER programs. A. Breskin is the W. P. Reuther Professor of Research in the Peaceful use of Atomic Energy. The THGEM electrodes were manufactured at the CERN Printed Circuits Workshops; we are indebted to Mr. Rui de Oliveira for his continuous invaluable cooperation. We also wish to thank CERN's Gas Detectors Development group for its support during the beam tests. NR 23 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 4 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1748-0221 J9 J INSTRUM JI J. Instrum. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 7 AR C05011 DI 10.1088/1748-0221/7/05/C05011 PG 17 WC Instruments & Instrumentation SC Instruments & Instrumentation GA 960VJ UT WOS:000305419700012 ER PT J AU Bogomilov, M Karadzhov, Y Kolev, D Russinov, I Tsenov, R Vankova-Kirilova, G Wang, L Xu, FY Zheng, SX Bertoni, R Bonesini, M Ferri, F Lucchini, G Mazza, R Paleari, F Strati, F Palladino, V Cecchet, G de Bari, A Capponi, M Cirillo, A Iaciofano, A Manfredini, A Parisi, M Orestano, D Pastore, F Tonazzo, A Tortora, L Mori, Y Kuno, Y Sakamoto, H Sato, A Yano, T Yoshida, M Ishimoto, S Suzuki, S Yoshimura, K Filthaut, F Garoby, R Gilardoni, S Gruber, P Hanke, K Haseroth, H Janot, P Lombardi, A Ramberger, S Vretenar, M Bene, P Blondel, A Cadoux, F Graulich, JS Grichine, V Gschwendtner, E Masciocchi, F Sandstrom, R Verguilov, V Wisting, H Petitjean, C Seviour, R Alexander, J Charnley, G Collomb, N Griffiths, S Martlew, B Moss, A Mullacrane, I Oates, A Owens, P White, C York, S Adams, D Apsimon, R Barclay, P Baynham, DE Bradshaw, TW Courthold, M Drumm, P Edgecock, R Hayler, T Hills, M Ivaniouchenkov, Y Jones, A Lintern, A MacWaters, C Nelson, C Nichols, A Preece, R Ricciardi, S Rochford, JH Rogers, C Spensley, W Tarrant, J Tilley, K Watson, S Wilson, A Forrest, D Soler, FJP Walaron, K Cooke, P Gamet, R Alekou, A Apollonio, M Barber, G Beuselinck, R Clark, D Clark, I Colling, D Dobbs, A Dornan, P Fayer, S Fish, A Hare, R Greenwood, S Jamdagni, A Kasey, V Khaleeq, M Leaver, J Long, K McKigney, E Matsushita, T Pasternak, J Sashalmi, T Savidge, T Takahashi, M Blackmore, V Carlisle, T Cobb, JH Lau, W Rayner, M Tunnell, CD Witte, H Yang, S Booth, CN Hodgson, P Howlett, L Nicholson, R Overton, E Robinson, M Smith, P Adey, D Back, J Boyd, S Harrison, P Ellis, M Kyberd, P Littlefield, M Nebrensky, JJ Bross, AD Geer, S Neuffer, D Moretti, A Popovic, M Cummings, MAC Roberts, TJ DeMello, A Green, MA Li, D Virostek, S Zisman, MS Freemire, B Hanlet, P Huang, D Kafka, G Kaplan, DM Snopok, P Torun, Y Blot, S Kim, YK Bravar, U Onel, Y Cline, D Fukui, Y Lee, K Yang, X Rimmer, RA Cremaldi, LM Gregoire, G Hart, TL Sanders, DA Summers, DJ Coney, L Fletcher, R Hanson, GG Heidt, C Gallardo, J Kahn, S Kirk, H Palmer, RB AF Bogomilov, M. Karadzhov, Y. Kolev, D. Russinov, I. Tsenov, R. Vankova-Kirilova, G. Wang, L. Xu, F. Y. Zheng, S. X. Bertoni, R. Bonesini, M. Ferri, F. Lucchini, G. Mazza, R. Paleari, F. Strati, F. Palladino, V. Cecchet, G. de Bari, A. Capponi, M. Cirillo, A. Iaciofano, A. Manfredini, A. Parisi, M. Orestano, D. Pastore, F. Tonazzo, A. Tortora, L. Mori, Y. Kuno, Y. Sakamoto, H. Sato, A. Yano, T. Yoshida, M. Ishimoto, S. Suzuki, S. Yoshimura, K. Filthaut, F. Garoby, R. Gilardoni, S. Gruber, P. Hanke, K. Haseroth, H. Janot, P. Lombardi, A. Ramberger, S. Vretenar, M. Bene, P. Blondel, A. Cadoux, F. Graulich, J. -S. Grichine, V. Gschwendtner, E. Masciocchi, F. Sandstrom, R. Verguilov, V. Wisting, H. Petitjean, C. Seviour, R. Alexander, J. Charnley, G. Collomb, N. Griffiths, S. Martlew, B. Moss, A. Mullacrane, I. Oates, A. Owens, P. White, C. York, S. Adams, D. Apsimon, R. Barclay, P. Baynham, D. E. Bradshaw, T. W. Courthold, M. Drumm, P. Edgecock, R. Hayler, T. Hills, M. Ivaniouchenkov, Y. Jones, A. Lintern, A. MacWaters, C. Nelson, C. Nichols, A. Preece, R. Ricciardi, S. Rochford, J. H. Rogers, C. Spensley, W. Tarrant, J. Tilley, K. Watson, S. Wilson, A. Forrest, D. Soler, F. J. P. Walaron, K. Cooke, P. Gamet, R. Alekou, A. Apollonio, M. Barber, G. Beuselinck, R. Clark, D. Clark, I. Colling, D. Dobbs, A. Dornan, P. Fayer, S. Fish, A. Hare, R. Greenwood, S. Jamdagni, A. Kasey, V. Khaleeq, M. Leaver, J. Long, K. McKigney, E. Matsushita, T. Pasternak, J. Sashalmi, T. Savidge, T. Takahashi, M. Blackmore, V. Carlisle, T. Cobb, J. H. Lau, W. Rayner, M. Tunnell, C. D. Witte, H. Yang, S. Booth, C. N. Hodgson, P. Howlett, L. Nicholson, R. Overton, E. Robinson, M. Smith, P. Adey, D. Back, J. Boyd, S. Harrison, P. Ellis, M. Kyberd, P. Littlefield, M. Nebrensky, J. J. Bross, A. D. Geer, S. Neuffer, D. Moretti, A. Popovic, M. Cummings, M. A. C. Roberts, T. J. DeMello, A. Green, M. A. Li, D. Virostek, S. Zisman, M. S. Freemire, B. Hanlet, P. Huang, D. Kafka, G. Kaplan, D. M. Snopok, P. Torun, Y. Blot, S. Kim, Y. K. Bravar, U. Onel, Y. Cline, D. Fukui, Y. Lee, K. Yang, X. Rimmer, R. A. Cremaldi, L. M. Gregoire, G. Hart, T. L. Sanders, D. A. Summers, D. J. Coney, L. Fletcher, R. Hanson, G. G. Heidt, C. Gallardo, J. Kahn, S. Kirk, H. Palmer, R. B. CA MICE Collaboration TI The MICE Muon Beam on ISIS and the beam-line instrumentation of the Muon Ionization Cooling Experiment SO JOURNAL OF INSTRUMENTATION LA English DT Article DE Instrumentation for particle accelerators and storage rings - low energy (linear accelerators, cyclotrons, electrostatic accelerators); Calorimeters; Instrumentation and methods for time-of-flight (TOF) spectroscopy; Accelerator Applications ID PHYSICS AB The international Muon Ionization Cooling Experiment (MICE), which is under construction at the Rutherford Appleton Laboratory (RAL), will demonstrate the principle of ionization cooling as a technique for the reduction of the phase-space volume occupied by a muon beam. Ionization cooling channels are required for the Neutrino Factory and the Muon Collider. MICE will evaluate in detail the performance of a single lattice cell of the Feasibility Study 2 cooling channel. The MICE Muon Beam has been constructed at the ISIS synchrotron at RAL, and in MICE Step I, it has been characterized using the MICE beam-instrumentation system. In this paper, the MICE Muon Beam and beam-line instrumentation are described. The muon rate is presented as a function of the beam loss generated by the MICE target dipping into the ISIS proton beam. For a 1 V signal from the ISIS beam-loss monitors downstream of our target we obtain a 30 KHz instantaneous muon rate, with a neglible pion contamination in the beam. C1 [Bertoni, R.; Bonesini, M.; Ferri, F.; Lucchini, G.; Mazza, R.; Paleari, F.; Strati, F.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Milano Bicocca, Dipartimento Fis G Occhialini, I-20133 Milan, Italy. [Bogomilov, M.; Karadzhov, Y.; Kolev, D.; Russinov, I.; Tsenov, R.; Vankova-Kirilova, G.] Sofia Univ St Kliment Ohridski, Dept Atom Phys, Sofia, Bulgaria. [Wang, L.; Xu, F. Y.; Zheng, S. X.] Harbin Inst Technol, Inst Cryogen & Superconduct Technol, Harbin 150006, Peoples R China. [Palladino, V.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Napoli, I-80125 Naples, Italy. [Palladino, V.] Univ Monte S Angelo, Univ Federico 2, Dipartimento Fis, Naples, Italy. [Cecchet, G.; de Bari, A.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pavia, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. [Cecchet, G.; de Bari, A.] Dipartimento Fis Teorica & Nucl, Pavia, Italy. [Capponi, M.; Cirillo, A.; Iaciofano, A.; Manfredini, A.; Parisi, M.; Orestano, D.; Pastore, F.; Tonazzo, A.; Tortora, L.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma Tre, Rome, Italy. [Capponi, M.; Cirillo, A.; Iaciofano, A.; Manfredini, A.; Parisi, M.; Orestano, D.; Pastore, F.; Tonazzo, A.; Tortora, L.] Dipartimento Fis, Rome, Italy. [Mori, Y.] Kyoto Univ, Inst Res Reactor, Osaka 59004, Japan. [Kuno, Y.; Sakamoto, H.; Sato, A.; Yano, T.; Yoshida, M.] Osaka Univ, Grad Sch Sci, Dept Phys, Toyonaka, Osaka 560, Japan. [Ishimoto, S.; Suzuki, S.; Yoshimura, K.] High Energy Accelerator Org KEK, Inst Particle & Nucl Studies, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050801, Japan. [Filthaut, F.] NIKHEF, Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Garoby, R.; Gilardoni, S.; Gruber, P.; Hanke, K.; Haseroth, H.; Janot, P.; Lombardi, A.; Ramberger, S.; Vretenar, M.] CERN, Geneva, Switzerland. [Bene, P.; Blondel, A.; Cadoux, F.; Graulich, J. -S.; Grichine, V.; Gschwendtner, E.; Masciocchi, F.; Sandstrom, R.; Verguilov, V.; Wisting, H.] Univ Geneva, DPNC, Sect Phys, Geneva, Switzerland. [Petitjean, C.] Paul Scherrer Inst, Villigen, Switzerland. [Seviour, R.] Daresbury Sci & Innovat Ctr, Cockcroft Inst, Daresbury, Cheshire, England. [Alexander, J.; Charnley, G.; Collomb, N.; Griffiths, S.; Martlew, B.; Moss, A.; Mullacrane, I.; Oates, A.; Owens, P.; White, C.; York, S.] STFC Daresbury Lab, Daresbury, Cheshire, England. [Adams, D.; Apsimon, R.; Barclay, P.; Baynham, D. E.; Bradshaw, T. W.; Courthold, M.; Drumm, P.; Edgecock, R.; Hayler, T.; Hills, M.; Ivaniouchenkov, Y.; Jones, A.; Lintern, A.; MacWaters, C.; Nelson, C.; Nichols, A.; Preece, R.; Ricciardi, S.; Rochford, J. H.; Rogers, C.; Spensley, W.; Tarrant, J.; Tilley, K.; Watson, S.; Wilson, A.] STFC Rutherford Appleton Lab, Didcot, Oxon, England. [Forrest, D.; Soler, F. J. P.; Walaron, K.] Univ Glasgow, Sch Phys & Astron, Glasgow, Lanark, Scotland. [Cooke, P.; Gamet, R.] Univ Liverpool, Dept Phys, Liverpool L69 3BX, Merseyside, England. [Blondel, A.; Alekou, A.; Apollonio, M.; Barber, G.; Beuselinck, R.; Clark, D.; Clark, I.; Colling, D.; Dobbs, A.; Dornan, P.; Fayer, S.; Fish, A.; Hare, R.; Greenwood, S.; Jamdagni, A.; Kasey, V.; Khaleeq, M.; Leaver, J.; Long, K.; McKigney, E.; Matsushita, T.; Pasternak, J.; Sashalmi, T.; Savidge, T.; Takahashi, M.] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Blackett Lab, Dept Phys, London, England. [Blackmore, V.; Carlisle, T.; Cobb, J. H.; Lau, W.; Rayner, M.; Tunnell, C. D.; Witte, H.; Yang, S.] Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, Oxford, England. [Booth, C. N.; Hodgson, P.; Howlett, L.; Nicholson, R.; Overton, E.; Robinson, M.; Smith, P.] Univ Sheffield, Dept Phys & Astron, Sheffield, S Yorkshire, England. [Adey, D.; Back, J.; Boyd, S.; Harrison, P.] Univ Warwick, Dept Phys, Coventry CV4 7AL, W Midlands, England. [Ellis, M.; Kyberd, P.; Littlefield, M.; Nebrensky, J. J.] Brunel Univ, Uxbridge UB8 3PH, Middx, England. [Bross, A. D.; Geer, S.; Neuffer, D.; Moretti, A.; Popovic, M.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL USA. [Cummings, M. A. C.; Roberts, T. J.] Muons Inc, Batavia, IL USA. [DeMello, A.; Green, M. A.; Li, D.; Virostek, S.; Zisman, M. S.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA USA. [Freemire, B.; Hanlet, P.; Huang, D.; Kafka, G.; Kaplan, D. M.; Snopok, P.; Torun, Y.] IIT, Chicago, IL 60616 USA. [Blot, S.; Kim, Y. K.] Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Bravar, U.] Univ New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Onel, Y.] Univ Iowa, Dept Phys & Astron, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. [Cline, D.; Fukui, Y.; Lee, K.; Yang, X.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Phys & Astron, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Rimmer, R. A.] Jefferson Lab, Newport News, VA USA. [Cremaldi, L. M.; Gregoire, G.; Hart, T. L.; Sanders, D. A.; Summers, D. J.] Univ Mississippi, Oxford, MS USA. [Alekou, A.; Coney, L.; Fletcher, R.; Hanson, G. G.; Heidt, C.] Univ Calif Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Gallardo, J.; Kahn, S.; Kirk, H.; Palmer, R. B.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Filthaut, F.] Radboud Univ Nijmegen, NL-6525 ED Nijmegen, Netherlands. [Grichine, V.] PN Lebedev Phys Inst, Moscow 117924, Russia. [Gregoire, G.] Catholic Univ Louvain, Inst Phys, B-3000 Louvain, Belgium. RP Bonesini, M (reprint author), Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Milano Bicocca, Dipartimento Fis G Occhialini, Via Celoria 16, I-20133 Milan, Italy. EM Maurizio.Bonesini@mib.infn.it RI Verguilov, Vassil/A-5885-2014; Grichine, Vladimir/M-8526-2015; Booth, Christopher/B-5263-2016; Soler, Paul/E-8464-2011; OI Booth, Christopher/0000-0002-6051-2847; Soler, Paul/0000-0002-4893-3729; Bonesini, Maurizio/0000-0001-5119-1896; de Bari, Antonio/0000-0001-6693-0284; Torun, Yagmur/0000-0003-2336-6585; Dobbs, Adam/0000-0001-6914-5302; Filthaut, Frank/0000-0003-3338-2247 FU National Science Foundation; Department of Energy (U.S.A.); Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (Italy); Science and Technology Facilities Council (U.K.); European Community under the European Commission Framework Programe 7; Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (Japan); Swiss National Science Foundation (Switzerland) FX We gratefully acknowledge the help and support of the ISIS staff and of the numerous technical collaborators who have contributed to the design, construction, commissioning and operation of the experiment. In particular we would like to thank S. Banfi, F. Chignoli, R. Gheiger, A. Gizzi and V. Penna. We wish to acknowledge the essential contributions in the conceptual development of a muon cooling experiment made by P. Fabbricatore, R. Fernow, D. Findlay, W. Murray, J. Norem, P.R. Norton, K. Peach, C. Prior and N. McCubbin. We would also wish to acknowledge the work done in the early stages of the experiment by G. Barr, P. Chimenti, S. Farinon, G. Giannini, E. Radicioni, G. Santin, C. Vaccarezza and S. Terzo. The experiment was made possible by grants from National Science Foundation and Department of Energy (U.S.A.), the Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (Italy), the Science and Technology Facilities Council (U.K.), the European Community under the European Commission Framework Programe 7, the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (Japan) and the Swiss National Science Foundation (Switzerland), in the framework of the SCOPES programme. We gratefully acknowledge their support. NR 62 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 18 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1748-0221 J9 J INSTRUM JI J. Instrum. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 7 AR P05009 DI 10.1088/1748-0221/7/05/P05009 PG 40 WC Instruments & Instrumentation SC Instruments & Instrumentation GA 960VJ UT WOS:000305419700029 ER PT J AU Haight, RC AF Haight, R. C. TI Fast-neutron detectors for nuclear physics experiments SO JOURNAL OF INSTRUMENTATION LA English DT Article DE Instrumentation and methods for time-of-flight (TOF) spectroscopy; Neutron detectors (cold, thermal, fast neutrons); Instrumentation and methods for heavy-ion reactions and fission studies ID CROSS-SECTIONS; LARGE-AREA; STATISTICAL MODEL; INTERMEDIATE; SCATTERING; HELIUM; STATES; RANGE AB Fast-neutron detectors are used in a wide range of nuclear physics experiments including studies of elastic and inelastic neutron scattering, charge-exchange reactions, photonuclear reactions, neutron-induced fission, and, especially recently, reactions of radioactive nuclei. Although many of the detectors being developed now are based on technologies that are several decades old, new physics is now accessible due to the advent of advanced accelerators, and these facilities present challenging opportunities for detecting fast neutrons. The choice of detectors, their appropriateness for particular measurements and how they are integrated into experiments will be discussed. Detector arrays are of particular importance these days to study angular distributions or simply to increase the solid angle coverage to increase the data rate. Modeling the response of the detectors has become much more important in order to understand better their response and to calculate effects of neutron scattering in the experimental area, including detector-to-detector scattering. Data acquisition through waveform digitizers is now common and leads to more information from each event as well as significant reductions in dead time and in the complexity of the electronics. At the same time, analyzing waveforms in real time presents challenges in terms of handling large amounts of information. Examples of significant improvements in the utilization of neutron detectors in physics experiments, in the characterization of the detector response, and in signal processing will be presented. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos Neutron Sci Ctr, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Haight, RC (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos Neutron Sci Ctr, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM haight@lanl.gov NR 43 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1748-0221 J9 J INSTRUM JI J. Instrum. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 7 AR C05002 DI 10.1088/1748-0221/7/05/C05002 PG 16 WC Instruments & Instrumentation SC Instruments & Instrumentation GA 960VJ UT WOS:000305419700003 ER PT J AU Rohwer, LES Martin, JE Friedmann, TA Heck, J AF Rohwer, Lauren E. S. Martin, James E. Friedmann, Thomas A. Heck, John TI Laser ablation of polyetheretherketone films for reversible wafer bonding SO JOURNAL OF LASER APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE excimer laser ablation; polyetheretherketone; temporary bonding; wafer bonding; reversible bonding; high temperature adhesive ID POLY(ETHER ETHER KETONE) AB A reversible wafer bonding method has been developed that enables high-temperature processing of thinned silicon wafers. The silicon wafers are bonded to Pyrex carriers using a polyetheretherketone (PEEK) film, which melts at 343 degrees C, and provides a very strong bond. Debonding is accomplished by UV laser ablation through the Pyrex carrier and can be facilitated by coating the Pyrex wafer with Teflon. Most of the PEEK film remains on the silicon wafer after debonding and is removed with solvents. Precoating the silicon with germanium/tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) might enable PEEK removal without solvents. This germanium/TEOS layer lifts off with the PEEK film during laser ablation. (C) 2012 Laser Institute of America. C1 [Rohwer, Lauren E. S.; Martin, James E.; Friedmann, Thomas A.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Heck, John] Intel Corp, Santa Clara, CA 95054 USA. RP Rohwer, LES (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800,MS1425, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. FU U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Safety Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000] FX Sandia is a multiprogram laboratory managed and operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed-Martin Company, for the U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Safety Administration under Contract No. DE-AC04-94AL85000. We thank John Magana and Candice Yuca of Intel for helpful discussions. Wafer bonding at SNL was performed by David Galdony and Ben Thurston. Polymer-coated Pyrex wafers were provided by Sun Coating Company, Plymouth, MI. NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 16 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1042-346X J9 J LASER APPL JI J. Laser Appl. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 24 IS 2 AR 022003 DI 10.2351/1.3693530 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Optics; Physics GA 966HP UT WOS:000305828800003 ER PT J AU Lu, L Anderson-Cook, CM Robinson, TJ AF Lu, Lu Anderson-Cook, Christine M. Robinson, Timothy J. TI A case study to demonstrate a Pareto Frontier for selecting a best response surface design while simultaneously optimizing multiple criteria SO APPLIED STOCHASTIC MODELS IN BUSINESS AND INDUSTRY LA English DT Article DE balancing competing objectives; design optimality; desirability functions; design robustness; trade-offs between criteria ID MODEL-ROBUST; OPTIMIZATION; ALGORITHMS AB Experimenting with limited resources often means that we are trying to get more out of a single experiment and balance competing goals. Selecting a best response surface design when simultaneously optimizing multiple criteria requires carefully choosing measures and scales of different design criteria and then balancing the trade-offs between the criteria. This paper illustrates a decision-making process using a Pareto frontier to identify good design candidates and a Utopia point approach for selection of an optimal design based on several competing criteria. The Pareto approach shows substantial improvement over the classic desirability function method by offering the user greater flexibility in quantifying the robustness of designs to weight specifications and the sensitivity of the solutions to different choices of weights, scales, and metrics. Graphical methods are used for summarizing and extracting useful information for improved decision-making. Copyright (C) 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 [Lu, Lu; Anderson-Cook, Christine M.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Robinson, Timothy J.] Univ Wyoming, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. RP Anderson-Cook, CM (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM c-and-cook@lanl.gov NR 35 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 5 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1524-1904 EI 1526-4025 J9 APPL STOCH MODEL BUS JI Appl. Stoch. Models. Bus. Ind. PD MAY-JUN PY 2012 VL 28 IS 3 SI SI BP 206 EP 221 DI 10.1002/asmb.940 PG 16 WC Operations Research & Management Science; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Statistics & Probability SC Operations Research & Management Science; Mathematics GA 961FZ UT WOS:000305450900003 ER PT J AU Wu, RL Lodwig, SN Schmidt, JG Williams, RF Silks, LA AF Wu, Ruilian Lodwig, Siegfried N. Schmidt, Jurgen G. Williams, Robert F. Silks, Louis A. Pete TI Synthesis of 13C labeled sulfur and nitrogen mustard metabolites as mass spectrometry standards for monitoring and detecting chemical warfare agents SO JOURNAL OF LABELLED COMPOUNDS & RADIOPHARMACEUTICALS LA English DT Article DE carbon-13 labeled; sulfur and nitrogen mustard metabolites ID CHROMATOGRAPHY; QUANTITATION; CHEMISTRY; PRODUCTS AB 13C labeled (>M?+?4) metabolites of nitrogen and sulfur-based chemical warfare agent metabolites were prepared from readily available and 13C labeled commercial starting materials. The new chemical routes are efficient in the number of chemical steps, can be scaled to afford gram quantities, and occur in good yields on the basis of the 13C label. These labeled compounds are useful as internal standards in mass spectrometry for monitoring chemical warfare agents and their metabolites. Published 2012. This article is a US Government work and is in the public domain in the USA. C1 [Wu, Ruilian; Williams, Robert F.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Biosecur & Publ Hlth Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Schmidt, Jurgen G.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Chem, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Wu, RL (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Biosecur & Publ Hlth Grp, Grp B8,MS E529, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM Ruilian@lanl.gov OI Schmidt, Jurgen/0000-0002-8192-9940; Silks, Pete/0000-0002-2993-5630 FU CDC [R-2589-05-0]; Los Alamos National Laboratory LDRD program [ER 20100160] FX We gratefully acknowledge the support of this work by the CDC (R-2589-05-0) and the Los Alamos National Laboratory LDRD program (ER 20100160). NR 22 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 26 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0362-4803 J9 J LABELLED COMPD RAD JI J. Label. Compd. Radiopharm. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 55 IS 6 BP 211 EP 222 DI 10.1002/jlcr.2929 PG 12 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Medicinal; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Chemistry GA 962AB UT WOS:000305510200006 ER PT J AU Frohlich, A O'Dea, G Hackett, R O'Beirne, D Eidhin, DN Burke, J AF Froehlich, Andras O'Dea, Grainne Hackett, Ritchie O'Beirne, David Eidhin, Deirdre Ni Burke, James TI Stabilization of Camelina Oil with Synthetic and Natural Antioxidants SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN OIL CHEMISTS SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE Camelina oil; Stabilization; Antioxidants; Oil stability index; Oven storage test ID OXIDATIVE STABILITY; SATIVA OIL; BIODIESEL; ACIDS AB Camelina oil was found to have a much lower Oil Stability Index and higher p-anisidine rates in the oven storage test than either rapeseed or sunflower oils. Stabilization of camelina oil was evaluated with 21 food grade synthetic and natural antioxidants and antioxidant formulations, using both the Oil Stability Index (OSI) and the oven storage test. The Oil Stability Index of camelina oil was able to be increased above that of rapeseed oil with TBHQ and its formulation with citric acid, and above that of sunflower oil with EGC, EGCG, carnosic acid, propyl gallate, rosemary extract with ascorbyl palmitate or with gallic acid. para-Hydroxyphenols were found to be more effective than ortho-hydroxyphenols and monohydroxyphenols had no significant effect on the OSI. Good correlation (R-2 = 0.96) was found between the stabilizing effect of ortho-hydroxyphenols and the molarity of the phenyl hydroxyl groups per weight of antioxidant. The oven storage test carried out with six of the evaluated antioxidants indicated that p-anisidine rates of camelina oil stabilized with commercial formulations of TBHQ with citric acid or rosemary extract with ascorbyl palmitate were about the same as that of sunflower oil, an almost 90% rate reduction when compared to camelina oil. Accordingly, camelina oils stabilized with TBHQ/citric acid and rosemary extract/ascorbyl palmitate formulations were more stable than rapeseed and sunflower oils, respectively in terms of OSI induction times and p-anisidine rates. C1 [Froehlich, Andras; Hackett, Ritchie; Burke, James] TEAGASC, Crops Res Ctr, Carlow, Ireland. [O'Dea, Grainne; O'Beirne, David; Eidhin, Deirdre Ni] Univ Limerick, Dept Life Sci, Limerick, Ireland. RP Frohlich, A (reprint author), TEAGASC, Crops Res Ctr, Oak Pk, Carlow, Ireland. EM andreas.frohlich@teagasc.ie FU Irish Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food [07 522] FX The authors wish to thank the Irish Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food for funding the present project under Research Stimulus Fund 07 522. Special thanks to Dr. Jim Grant for his help with the statistical analysis. NR 33 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 15 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0003-021X EI 1558-9331 J9 J AM OIL CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 89 IS 5 BP 837 EP 847 DI 10.1007/s11746-011-1973-y PG 11 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 959DU UT WOS:000305293000008 ER PT J AU Vitali, J Singh, AK Soares, AS Colaneri, MJ AF Vitali, Jacqueline Singh, Aditya K. Soares, Alexei S. Colaneri, Michael J. TI Structure of the catalytic chain of Methanococcus jannaschii aspartate transcarbamoylase in a hexagonal crystal form: insights into the path of carbamoyl phosphate to the active site of the enzyme SO ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION F-STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY AND CRYSTALLIZATION COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article ID PHOSPHONACETYL-L-ASPARTATE; ARCHAEON PYROCOCCUS-ABYSSI; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; PYRIMIDINE BIOSYNTHESIS; AQUIFEX-AEOLICUS; HAMSTER-CELLS; T-STATE; SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE; MULTIFUNCTIONAL PROTEIN; REGULATORY PROPERTIES AB Crystals of the catalytic chain of Methanococcus jannaschii aspartate transcarbamoylase (ATCase) grew in the presence of the regulatory chain in the hexagonal space group P6(3)22, with one monomer per asymmetric unit. This is the first time that crystals with only one monomer in the asymmetric unit have been obtained; all known structures of the catalytic subunit contain several crystallographically independent monomers. The symmetry-related chains form the staggered dimer of trimers observed in the other known structures of the catalytic subunit. The central channel of the catalytic subunit contains a sulfate ion and a K+ ion as well as a glycerol molecule at its entrance. It is possible that it is involved in channeling carbamoyl phosphate (CP) to the active site of the enzyme. A second sulfate ion near Arg164 is near the second CP position in the wild-type Escherichia coli ATCase structure complexed with CP. It is suggested that this position may also be in the path that CP takes when binding to the active site in a partial diffusion process at 310 K. Additional biochemical studies of carbamoylation and the molecular organization of this enzyme in M. jannaschii will provide further insight into these points. C1 [Vitali, Jacqueline; Singh, Aditya K.] Cleveland State Univ, Dept Phys, Cleveland, OH 44115 USA. [Soares, Alexei S.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Biol, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Colaneri, Michael J.] SUNY Coll Old Westbury, Dept Chem & Phys, Old Westbury, NY 11568 USA. RP Vitali, J (reprint author), Cleveland State Univ, Dept Phys, Euclid Ave & E 24th St, Cleveland, OH 44115 USA. EM j.vitali@csuohio.edu RI Soares, Alexei/F-4800-2014 OI Soares, Alexei/0000-0002-6565-8503 FU National Institutes of Health [GM071512]; Cleveland State University; Office of Biological and Environmental Research of the US Department of Energy; Office of Basic Energy Sciences of the US Department of Energy; National Center for Research Resources of the National Institutes of Health [P41RR012408] FX This work was supported in part by grant GM071512 (JV) from the National Institutes of Health and by a Faculty Research Development award (JV) from Cleveland State University. Data were measured on beamline X12C of the National Synchrotron Light Source. Financial support comes principally from the Offices of Biological and Environmental Research and of Basic Energy Sciences of the US Department of Energy and from the National Center for Research Resources of the National Institutes of Health (grant No. P41RR012408). The computations were supported in part by an allocation of computing time from the Ohio Supercomputer Center. We thank undergraduate student Nermina Covic (Cleveland State University) for the lysogenization of the ATCase-deficient derivative of E. coli C600 cells, Dr E. Kantrowitz (Boston College, Boston, Massachusetts, USA) for providing the EK1911 strain and plasmid pEK407 that were used for this study, Dr R. Cunin (Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium) for providing the ATCase-deficient derivative of E. coli strain C600 and Dr S. Sandler (University of Massachusetts at Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts, USA) for the PSJS1240 plasmid. This paper is dedicated to the memory of Dolly Vitali. NR 68 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 4 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1744-3091 J9 ACTA CRYSTALLOGR F JI Acta Crystallogr. F-Struct. Biol. Cryst. Commun. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 68 BP 527 EP 534 DI 10.1107/S1744309112011037 PN 5 PG 8 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Crystallography SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Crystallography GA 957UI UT WOS:000305189100005 PM 22691781 ER PT J AU Wolfram, F Arora, K Robinson, H Neculai, AM Yip, P Howell, PL AF Wolfram, Francis Arora, Kritica Robinson, Howard Neculai, Ana Mirela Yip, Patrick Howell, P. Lynne TI Expression, purification, crystallization and preliminary X-ray analysis of Pseudomonas aeruginosa AlgL SO ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION F-STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY AND CRYSTALLIZATION COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article ID SYRINGAE PV. SYRINGAE; ALGINATE LYASE ALGL; PROTEIN; POLYMERIZATION; BIOSYNTHESIS; POLYSACCHARIDE; DIFFRACTION; ROLES AB The periplasmic alginate lyase AlgL is essential for the synthesis and export of the exopolysaccharide alginate in Pseudomonas sp. and also plays a role in its depolymerization. P. aeruginosa PAO1 AlgL has been overexpressed and purified and diffraction-quality crystals were grown using the hanging-drop vapour-diffusion method. The crystals grew as thin plates, with unit-cell parameters a = 56.4, b = 59.6, c = 102.1 angstrom, alpha = beta = gamma = 90 degrees. The AlgL crystals exhibited the symmetry of space group P2(1)2(1)2(1) and diffracted to a minimum d-spacing of 1.64 angstrom. Based on the Matthews coefficient (V-M = 2.20 angstrom(3) Da(-1)), one molecule is estimated to be present in the asymmetric unit. C1 [Wolfram, Francis; Arora, Kritica; Neculai, Ana Mirela; Yip, Patrick; Howell, P. Lynne] Hosp Sick Children, Program Mol Struct & Funct, Res Inst, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada. [Robinson, Howard] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Biol, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Howell, P. Lynne] Univ Toronto, Fac Med, Dept Biochem, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada. RP Howell, PL (reprint author), Hosp Sick Children, Program Mol Struct & Funct, Res Inst, 555 Univ Ave, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada. EM howell@sickkids.ca FU Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) [13337]; Canada Research Chair FX The authors thank Dr Dante Neculai and SGC Toronto for the gift of the pET28-MHL plasmid. This work was supported by a research grant from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR #13337) to PLH. Beamline X29 at the National Synchrotron Light Source is supported by the US Department of Energy and the NIH National Center for Research Resources. PLH is the recipient of a Canada Research Chair; AMN was supported by a postdoctoral fellowship from CIHR. NR 27 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 9 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1744-3091 J9 ACTA CRYSTALLOGR F JI Acta Crystallogr. F-Struct. Biol. Cryst. Commun. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 68 BP 584 EP 587 DI 10.1107/S1744309112012808 PN 5 PG 4 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Crystallography SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Crystallography GA 957UI UT WOS:000305189100017 PM 22691793 ER PT J AU Dimkpa, CO McLean, JE Britt, DW Johnson, WP Arey, B Lea, AS Anderson, AJ AF Dimkpa, Christian O. McLean, Joan E. Britt, David W. Johnson, William P. Arey, Bruce Lea, A. Scott Anderson, Anne J. TI Nanospecific Inhibition of Pyoverdine Siderophore Production in Pseudomonas chlororaphis O6 by CuO Nanoparticles SO CHEMICAL RESEARCH IN TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID METAL-OXIDE NANOPARTICLES; FLUORESCENT PSEUDOMONADS; FERRIPYOVERDINE RECEPTOR; TOXICOLOGICAL IMPACT; IRON ACQUISITION; CARBON NANOTUBES; SIGMA-FACTOR; AERUGINOSA; COPPER; GROWTH AB CuO nanoparticles (NPs) exhibit dose-dependent toxicity to bacteria, whereas sublethal concentrations of these NPs change bacterial metabolism. Siderophores are model metabolites to study the impact of sublethal levels of metallic NPs on bacteria because they are involved in survival and interaction with other organisms and with metals. We report that a sublethal level of CuO NPs Modify the production of the fluorescent siderophore pyoverdine (PVD) in a soil beneficial bacterium, Pseudomonas chlororaphis O6. The production of PVD was inhibited by CuO NPs but not by bulk CuO nor Cu ions at concentrations equivalent to those released from the NPs. The cell responses occurred despite the NPs forming near micrometer-sized aggregates. The CuO NPs reduced levels of periplasmic and secreted PVD and impaired expression from genes encoding proteins involved in PVD maturation in the periplasm and export through cell membranes. EDTA restored the fluorescence of PVD quenched by Cu ions but did not generate fluorescence with cultures of NP-challenged cells, confirming the absence of PVD. Consequently, depending on the bacterium, this nanoparticle-specific phenomenon mediating cellular reprogramming through effects on secondary metabolism could have an impact on critical environmental processes including bacterial pathogenicity. C1 [Dimkpa, Christian O.; Britt, David W.; Anderson, Anne J.] Utah State Univ, Dept Biol Engn, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [McLean, Joan E.] Utah State Univ, Utah Water Res Lab, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Johnson, William P.] Univ Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. [Arey, Bruce; Lea, A. Scott] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Dimkpa, Christian O.; Anderson, Anne J.] Utah State Univ, Dept Biol, Logan, UT 84322 USA. RP Dimkpa, CO (reprint author), Utah State Univ, Dept Biol Engn, Logan, UT 84322 USA. EM cdimkpa@usu.edu RI Anderson, Anne/B-7313-2014; OI Lea, Alan/0000-0002-4232-1553 FU USDA-CSREES [2009-35603-05037]; Utah Agricultural Experiment Station [8323]; Utah Water Research Laboratory; Department of Energy's Office of Biological and Environmental Research FX This work was supported by the USDA-CSREES grant 2009-35603-05037, the Utah Agricultural Experiment Station (Journal Paper # 8323), and the Utah Water Research Laboratory.; We thank Eliana Manangon for assistance with DLS measurements. Helium ion microscopy was performed using EMSL, a U.S. national scientific user facility sponsored by the Department of Energy's Office of Biological and Environmental Research and located at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory. NR 54 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 3 U2 32 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0893-228X J9 CHEM RES TOXICOL JI Chem. Res. Toxicol. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 25 IS 5 BP 1066 EP 1074 DI 10.1021/tx3000285 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Medicinal; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Chemistry; Toxicology GA 944WR UT WOS:000304235000010 PM 22380795 ER PT J AU Aad, G Abbott, B Abdallah, J Abdelalim, AA Abdesselam, A Abdinov, O Abi, B Abolins, M AbouZeid, OS Abramowicz, H Abreu, H Acerbi, E Acharya, BS Adamczyk, L Adams, DL Addy, TN Adelman, J Aderholz, M Adomeit, S Adragna, P Adye, T Aefsky, S Aguilar-Saavedra, JA Aharrouche, M Ahlen, SP Ahles, F Ahmad, A Ahsan, M Aielli, G Akdogan, T Akesson, TPA Akimoto, G Akimov, AV Akiyama, A Alam, MS Alam, MA Albert, J Albrand, S Aleksa, M Aleksandrov, IN Alessandria, F Alexa, C Alexander, G Alexandre, G Alexopoulos, T Alhroob, M Aliev, M Alimonti, G Alison, J Aliyev, M Allbrooke, BMM Allport, PP Allwood-Spiers, SE Almond, J Aloisio, A Alon, R Alonso, A Gonzalez, BA Alviggi, MG Amako, K Amaral, P Amelung, C Ammosov, VV Amorim, A Amoros, G Amram, N Anastopoulos, C Ancu, 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CA ATLAS Collaboration TI Measurement of the polarisation of W bosons produced with large transverse momentum in pp collisions at root s=7 TeV with the ATLAS experiment SO EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL C LA English DT Article ID HADRONIC COLLISIONS; PAIR PRODUCTION; MONTE-CARLO; DECAY AB This paper describes an analysis of the angular distribution of W -> e nu and W -> mu nu decays, using data from pp collisions at root s = 7 TeV recorded with the ATLAS detector at the LHC in 2010, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of about 35 pb(-1). Using the decay lepton transverse momentum and the missing transverse momentum, the W decay angular distribution projected onto the transverse plane is obtained and analysed in terms of helicity fractions f(0), f(L) and f(R) over two ranges of W transverse momentum (p(T)(W)) : 35 < p(T)(W) < 50 GeV and p(T)(W) > 50 GeV. Good agreement is found with theoretical predictions. For p(T)(W) > 50 GeV, the values of f(0) and f(L) - f(R), averaged over charge and lepton flavour, are measured to be: f(0) = 0.127 +/- 0.030 +/- 0.108 and f(L) - f(R) = 0.252 +/- 0.017 +/- 0.030, where the first uncertainties are statistical, and the second include all systematic effects. C1 [Aad, G.; Ahles, F.; Barber, T.; Bernhard, R.; Bitenc, U.; Bruneliere, R.; Christov, A.; Consorti, V.; Fehling-Kaschek, M.; Flechl, M.; Glatzer, J.; Hartert, J.; Herten, G.; Horner, S.; Jakobs, K.; Kollefrath, M.; Kononov, A. I.; Kuehn, S.; Lai, S.; Landgraf, U.; Lohwasser, K.; Ludwig, I.; Ludwig, J.; Lumb, D.; Mahboubi, K.; Mohr, W.; Nilsen, H.; Parzefall, U.; Rammensee, M.; Rave, T. C.; Runge, K.; Rurikova, Z.; Schmidt, E.; Schumacher, M.; Siegert, F.; Stoerig, K.; Sundermann, J. E.; Temming, K. K.; Thoma, S.; Venturi, M.; Vivarelli, I.; von Radziewski, H.; Anh, T. Vu; Warsinsky, M.; Weiser, C.; Werner, M.; Wiik-Fuchs, L. A. 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G.; Chisholm, A. S.; Collins, N. J.; Curtis, C. J.; Dowell, J. D.; Garvey, J.; Hadley, D. R.; Harrison, K.; Hawkes, C. M.; Head, S. J.; Hillier, S. J.; Mahout, G.; Martin, T. A.; Mclaughlan, T.; Newman, P. R.; O'Neale, S. W.; Palmer, J. D.; Slater, M.; Thomas, J. P.; Thompson, P. D.; Watkins, P. M.; Watson, A. T.; Watson, M. F.; Wilson, J. A.] Univ Birmingham, Sch Phys & Astron, Birmingham, W Midlands, England. [Akdogan, T.; Arik, E.; Arik, M.; Istin, S.; Ozcan, V. E.; Rador, T.] Bogazici Univ, Dept Phys, Istanbul, Turkey. [Cetin, S. A.] Dogus Univ, Dept Phys, Istanbul, Turkey. [Beddall, A. J.; Beddall, A.; Bingul, A.; Diblen, F.] Gaziantep Univ, Dept Engn Phys, Gaziantep, Turkey. Istanbul Tech Univ, Dept Phys, TR-80626 Istanbul, Turkey. [Bellagamba, L.; Bertin, A.; Bindi, M.; Boscherini, D.; Bruni, A.; Bruni, G.; Bruschi, M.; Caforio, D.; Ciocca, C.; Corradi, M.; De Castro, S.; Di Sipio, R.; Fabbri, L.; Giacobbe, B.; Giusti, P.; Jhaa, M. K.; Massa, I.; Mengarelli, A.; Monzani, S.; Piccinini, M.; Polini, A.; Rinaldi, L.; Romano, M.; Says, L. P.; Sbarra, C.; Semprini-Cesari, N.; Spighi, R.; Valentinetti, S.; Villa, M.; Zoccoli, A.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bologna, I-40126 Bologna, Italy. [Bertin, A.; Bindi, M.; Caforio, D.; De Castro, S.; Di Sipio, R.; Fabbri, L.; Fraternali, M.; Massa, I.; Mengarelli, A.; Monzani, S.; Piccinini, M.; Rebuzzi, D. M.; Romano, M.; Sbarra, C.; Semprini-Cesari, N.; Valentinetti, S.; Villa, M.; Zoccoli, A.] Univ Bologna, Dipartimento Fis, Bologna, Italy. [Alhroob, M.; Anders, C. F.; Arutinov, D.; Backhaus, M.; Barbero, M.; Bechtle, P.; Brock, I.; Cristinziani, M.; Davey, W.; Desch, K.; Dingfelder, J.; Fischer, P.; Gaycken, G.; Geich-Gimbel, Ch.; Gonella, L.; Havranek, M.; Hellmich, D.; Hillert, S.; Huegging, F.; Ince, T.; Janus, M.; Karagounis, M.; Khoriauli, G.; Koevesarki, P.; Kokott, T.; Kostyukhin, V. V.; Kraus, J. K.; Kroseberg, J.; Krueger, H.; Kruth, A.; Lapoire, C.; Lehmacher, M.; Leyko, A. M.; Limbach, C.; Loddenkoetter, T.; Mazur, M.; Moeser, N.; Mueller, K.; Nanava, G.; Nattermann, T.; Nuncio-Quiroz, A. -E.; Psoroulas, S.; Radics, B.; Schaepe, S.; Schmieden, K.; Schmitz, M.; Schultens, M. J.; Schumacher, J. W.; Schwindt, T.; Stillings, J. A.; Therhaag, J.; Tsung, J. -W.; Uchida, K.; Uhlenbrock, M.; Vlasov, N.; Vogel, A.; von Toerne, E.; Wermes, N.; Wienemann, P.; Zendler, C.; Zimmermann, R.; Zimmermann, S.] Univ Bonn, Inst Phys, Bonn, Germany. [Ahlen, S. P.; Black, K. M.; Butler, J. M.; Dell'Asta, L.; Hazen, E.; Love, J.; Nation, N. R.; Posch, C.; Shank, J. T.; Whitaker, S. P.; Yan, Z.; Youssef, S.] Boston Univ, Dept Phys, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Aefsky, S.; Amelung, C.; Bensinger, J. R.; Blocker, C.; Daya-Ishmukhametova, R. K.; Gozpinar, S.; Kirsch, L. E.; Pomeroy, D.; Skvorodnev, N.; Wellenstein, H.] Brandeis Univ, Dept Phys, Waltham, MA 02254 USA. [Caloba, L. P.; Da Silva, P. V. M.; Maidantchik, C.; Manhaes de Andrade Filho, L.; Marroquim, F.; Nepomuceno, A. A.; Perantoni, M.; Seixas, J. M.] Univ Fed Rio de Janeiro, COPPE EE IF, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. [Cerqueira, A. S.] Fed Univ Juiz Fora UFJF, Juiz De Fora, Brazil. [do Vale, M. A. B.] Fed Univ Sao Joao Rei UFSJ, Sao Joao Del Rei, Brazil. [Donadelli, M.; Leite, M. A. L.] Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Fis, BR-01498 Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Adams, D. L.; Assamagan, K.; Baker, M. D.; Begel, M.; Bernius, C.; Caramarcu, C.; Chen, H.; Chernyatin, V.; Salgado, P. E. De Castro Faria; Debbe, R.; Dhullipudi, R.; Ernst, M.; Gibbard, B.; Gordon, H. A.; Greenwood, Z. D.; Klimentov, A.; Lanni, F.; Lissauer, D.; Lynn, D.; Ma, H.; Maeno, T.; Majewski, S.; Nevski, P.; Nikolopoulos, K.; Damazio, D. Oliveira; Paige, F.; Panitkin, S.; Park, W.; Pleier, M. -A.; Poblaguev, A.; Polychronakos, V.; Protopopescu, S.; Purohit, M.; Rahm, D.; Rajagopalan, S.; Redlinger, G.; Sawyer, L.; Sircar, A.; Snyder, S.; Steinberg, P.; Stumer, I.; Takai, H.; Tamsett, M. C.; Trivedi, A.; Undrus, A.; Wenaus, T.; Ye, S.; Yu, D.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Alexa, C.; Badescu, E.; Boldea, V.; Buda, S. I.; Caprini, I.; Caprini, M.; Ciubancan, M.; Constantinescu, S.; Cuciuc, C. -M.; Dita, P.; Dita, S.; Micu, L.; Olariu, A.; Pantea, D.; Popeneciu, G. A.; Rotaru, M.; Stoicea, G.; Tudorache, A.; Tudorachea, V.] Natl Inst Phys & Nucl Engn, Bucharest, Romania. [Darlea, G. L.] Univ Politehn Bucuresti, Bucharest, Romania. W Univ Timisoara, Timisoara, Romania. [Silva, M. L. Gonzalez; Piegaia, R.; Romeo, G.] Univ Buenos Aires, Dept Fis, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. [Ask, S.; Barlow, N.; Batley, J. R.; Brochu, F. M.; Buttinger, W.; Carter, J. R.; Chapman, J. D.; Cowden, C.; French, S. T.; Frost, J. A.; Hill, J. C.; Kaneti, S.; Khoo, T. J.; Lester, C. G.; Moeller, V.; Parker, M. A.; Robinson, D.; Sandoval, T.; Thomson, M.; Ward, C. P.] Univ Cambridge, Cavendish Lab, Cambridge CB3 0HE, England. [Gillberg, D.; Koffas, T.; Liu, C.; Marchand, J. F.; McCarthy, T. G.; Oakham, F. G.; Randrianarivony, K.; Tarrade, F.; Ueno, R.; Vincter, M. G.; Whalen, K.] Carleton Univ, Dept Phys, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada. [Aleksa, M.; Amaral, P.; Anastopoulos, C.; Anghinolfi, F.; Baak, M. A.; Bachas, K.; Banfi, D.; Battistin, M.; Bellina, F.; Bellomo, M.; Beltramello, O.; Berge, D.; Bertinelli, F.; Bianchi, R. M.; Blanchot, G.; Bogaerts, J. A.; Boyd, J.; Braem, A.; Bremer, J.; Burckhart, H.; Butin, F.; Campana, S.; Garrido, M. D. M. Capeans; Carli, T.; Cataneo, F.; Catinaccio, A.; Catmore, J. R.; Cattai, A.; Cerri, A.; Barajas, C. A. Chavez; Childers, J. T.; Chromek-Burckhart, D.; Cook, J.; Cote, D.; Danielsson, H. 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Lehmann; Lenzi, B.; Lichard, P.; Magnoni, L.; Malyukov, S.; Mapelli, A.; Mapelli, L.; Marshall, Z.; Martin, B.; Maugain, J. M.; McLaren, R. A.; Menot, C.; Messina, A.; Meyer, T. C.; Michal, S.; Molina-Perez, J.; Morley, A. K.; Mornacchi, G.; Muenstermann, D.; Nairz, A. M.; Nakahama, Y.; Negri, G.; Nessi, M.; Nicquevert, B.; Niinikoski, T.; Nordberg, M.; Palestini, S.; Pauly, T.; Pengo, R.; Pernegger, H.; Peters, K.; Petersen, B. A.; Petersen, J.; Piacquadio, G.; Pirotte, O.; Pommes, K.; Poppleton, A.; Bueso, X. Portell; Poulard, G.; Prasad, S.; Pribyl, L.; Price, M. J.; Raymond, M.; Rembser, C.; Dos Santos, D. Roda; Salzburger, A.; Savu, D. O.; Schlenker, S.; Schott, M.; Schuler, G.; Sfyrla, A.; Shimizu, S.; Sloper, J.; Spigo, G.; Spiwoks, R.; Stewart, G. A.; Szeless, B.; Tappern, G. P.; Ten Kate, H.; Viegas, F. J. Tique Aires; Torchiani, I.; Tremblet, L.; Tricoli, A.; Tsarouchas, C.; Unal, G.; van der Ster, D.; Vandelli, W.; Vandoni, G.; Rodriguez, F. 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Camacho; Cinca, D.; Donini, J.; Febbraro, R.; Ghodbane, N.; Guicheney, C.; Liao, H.; Pallin, D.; Hernandez, D. Paredes; Podlyski, F.; Santoni, C.; Saxon, D. H.; Vazeille, F.] Univ Clermont Ferrand, Aubiere, France. [Anisenkov, A.; Boumediene, D.; Busato, E.; Calvet, D.; Calvet, S.; Toro, R. Camacho; Cinca, D.; Donini, J.; Febbraro, R.; Ghodbane, N.; Guicheney, C.; Liao, H.; Pallin, D.; Hernandez, D. Paredes; Podlyski, F.; Santoni, C.; Saxon, D. H.; Vazeille, F.] CNRS IN2P3, Aubiere, France. [Andeen, T.; Angerami, A.; Brooijmans, G.; Dodd, J.; Grau, N.; Guo, J.; Hughes, E. W.; Leltchouk, M.; Nikiforou, N.; Parsons, J. A.; Penson, A.; Perez, K.; Reale, V. Perez; Scherzer, M. I.; Thompson, E. N.; Tian, F.; Tuts, P. M.; Urbaniec, D.; Williams, E.; Willis, W.; Wulf, E.; Zivkovic, L.] Columbia Univ, Nevis Lab, Irvington, NY USA. [Boelaert, N.; Dam, M.; Driouichi, C.; Gregersen, K.; Hansen, J. R.; Hansen, J. B.; Hansen, J. D.; Hansen, P. 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[Annovi, A.; Antonelli, M.; Bilokon, H.; Cerutti, F.; Curatolo, M.; Di Nardo, R.; Esposito, B.; Ferrer, M. L.; Gatti, C.; Laurelli, P.; Maccarrone, G.; Sansoni, A.; Testa, M.; Vilucchi, E.; Volpi, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy. [Abdelalim, A. A.; Alexandre, G.; Backes, M.; Barone, G.; Bell, P. J.; Bell, W. H.; Noccioli, E. Benhar; Blondel, A.; Bucci, F.; Clark, A.; Dao, V.; Doglioni, C.; Ferrere, D.; Gadomski, S.; Gonzalez-Sevilla, S.; Goulette, M. P.; Iacobucci, G.; La Rosa, A.; Leger, A.; Lister, A.; Latour, B. Martin dit; Mermod, P.; Herrera, C. Mora; Nektarijevic, S.; Nessi, M.; Nikolics, K.; Pasztor, G.; Picazio, A.; Pohl, M.; Rosbach, K.; Rosselet, L.; Wu, X.] Univ Geneva, Sect Phys, Geneva, Switzerland. [Barberis, D.; Beccherle, R.; Caso, C.; Dameri, M.; Darbo, G.; Parodi, A. Ferretto; Gagliardi, G.; Gemme, C.; Morettini, P.; Olcese, M.; Osculati, B.; Parodi, F.; Passaggio, S.; Rossi, L. 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S.; Wraight, K.; Wright, C.; Wright, M.] Univ Glasgow, SUPA Sch Phys & Astron, Glasgow, Lanark, Scotland. [Ay, C.; Bierwagen, K.; Blumenschein, U.; Brandt, O.; Erdmann, J.; Evangelakou, D.; George, M.; Grosse-Knetter, J.; Guindon, S.; Haller, J.; Hamer, M.; Henrichs, A.; Hensel, C.; Keil, M.; Knue, A.; Kohn, F.; Krieger, N.; Kroeninger, K.; Lemmer, B.; Magradze, E.; Mann, A.; Meyer, J.; Morel, J.; Quadt, A.; Roe, A.; Serkin, L.; Shabalina, E.; Uhrmacher, M.; Schroeder, T. Vazquez; Weber, P.; Weingarten, J.] Univ Gottingen, Inst Phys 2, Gottingen, Germany. [Albrand, S.; Andrieux, M. -L.; Buat, Q.; Clement, B.; Collot, J.; Crepe-Renaudin, S.; Delemontex, T.; Delsart, P. A.; Genest, M. H.; Hostachy, J. -Y.; Laisne, E.; Ledroit-Guillon, F.; Lleres, A.; Lucotte, A.; Malek, F.; Martin, Ph.; Polci, F.; Stark, J.; Sun, X.; Trocme, B.; Wang, J.; Weydert, C.] Inst Natl Polytech Grenoble, F-38031 Grenoble, France. [Albrand, S.; Andrieux, M. -L.; Buat, Q.; Clement, B.; Collot, J.; Crepe-Renaudin, S.; Delemontex, T.; Delsart, P. A.; Genest, M. H.; Hostachy, J. -Y.; Laisne, E.; Ledroit-Guillon, F.; Lleres, A.; Lucotte, A.; Malek, F.; Martin, Ph.; Polci, F.; Stark, J.; Sun, X.; Trocme, B.; Wang, J.; Weydert, C.] CNRS IN2P3, Grenoble, France. [Albrand, S.; Andrieux, M. -L.; Buat, Q.; Clement, B.; Collot, J.; Crepe-Renaudin, S.; Delemontex, T.; Delsart, P. A.; Genest, M. H.; Hostachy, J. -Y.; Laisne, E.; Ledroit-Guillon, F.; Lleres, A.; Lucotte, A.; Malek, F.; Martin, Ph.; Polci, F.; Stark, J.; Sun, X.; Trocme, B.; Wang, J.; Weydert, C.] Univ Grenoble 1, Lab Phys Subatom & Cosmol, Grenoble, France. [Addy, T. N.; Harvey, A.; McFarlane, K. W.; Shin, T.; Vassilakopoulos, V. I.] Hampton Univ, Dept Phys, Hampton, VA 23668 USA. [da Costa, J. Barreiro Guimaraes; Belloni, A.; Brandenburg, G. W.; Franklin, M.; Hurst, P.; Huth, J.; Jeanty, L.; Kagan, M.; Mateos, D. Lopez; Outschoorn, V. Martinez; Mills, C.; Moed, S.; Morii, M.; Skottowe, H. P.; Smith, B. C.; della Porta, G. Zevi] Harvard Univ, Lab Particle Phys & Cosmol, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Anders, G.; Andrei, V.; Davygora, Y.; Dietzsch, T. A.; Geweniger, C.; Hanke, P.; Henke, M.; Khomich, A.; Kluge, E. -E.; Lendermann, V.; Meier, K.; Mueller, F.; Poddar, S.; Scharf, V.; Schultz-Coulon, H. -C.; Stamen, R.; Wessels, M.] Heidelberg Univ, Kirchhoff Inst Phys, Heidelberg, Germany. [Kasieczka, G.; Narayan, R.; Radescub, V.; Schaetzel, S.; Schmittb, S.; Schoening, A.] Heidelberg Univ, Inst Phys, D-6900 Heidelberg, Germany. [Kugel, A.; Maenner, R.; Schroer, N.] Heidelberg Univ, ZITI Inst Tech Informat, D-6800 Mannheim, Germany. [Ohsugi, T.] Hiroshima Univ, Fac Sci, Hiroshima 730, Japan. [Nagasaka, Y.] Hiroshima Inst Technol, Fac Appl Informat Sci, Hiroshima, Japan. [Brunet, S.; Cwetanski, P.; Evans, H.; Gagnon, P.; Jain, V.; Luehring, F.; Ogren, H.; Penwell, J.; Price, D.; Whittington, D.; Yang, Y.; Zieminska, D.] Indiana Univ, Dept Phys, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. [Epp, B.; Jussel, P.; Kneringer, E.; Kuhn, D.; Rudolph, G.] Leopold Franzens Univ, Inst Astro & Teilchenphys, Innsbruck, Austria. [Behera, P. K.; Limper, M.; Mallik, U.; Pylypchenko, Y.; Zaidan, R.] Univ Iowa, Iowa City, IA USA. [Chen, C.; Cochran, J.; Dudziak, F.; Krumnack, N.; Mete, A. S.; Meyer, W. T.; Prell, S.; Rosenberg, E. I.; Ruiz-Martinez, A.; Shrestha, S.; Yamamoto, K.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA USA. [Aleksandrov, I. N.; Barashkou, A.; Bardin, D. Y.; Bednyakov, V. A.; Boyko, I. R.; Budagov, I. A.; Chelkov, G. A.; Cheplakov, A.; Chepurnov, V. F.; Chizhov, M. V.; Dedovich, D. V.; Demichev, M.; Glonti, G. L.; Gostkin, M. I.; Grigalashvili, N.; Gusakov, Y.; Huseynov, N.; Kalinovskaya, L. V.; Kazarinov, M. Y.; Kekelidze, G. D.; Kharchenko, D.; Khovanskiy, N.; Khramov, E.; Kolesnikov, V.; Kotov, V. M.; Kruchonak, U.; Krumshteyn, Z. V.; Kukhtin, V.; Ladygin, E.; Lazarev, A. B.; Manjavidze, I. D.; Minashvili, I. A.; Mineev, M.; Nikolaev, K.; Olchevski, A. G.; Peshekhonov, V. D.; Pozdnyakov, V.; Romanov, V. M.; Rumyantsev, L.; Rusakovich, N. A.; Sadykov, R.; Shiyakova, M.; Sisakyan, A. N.; Vinogradov, V. B.; Zhemchugov, A.] JINR Dubna, Joint Inst Nucl Res, Dubna, Russia. [Amako, K.; Arai, Y.; Doi, Y.; Haruyama, T.; Ikegami, Y.; Ikeno, M.; Iwasaki, H.; Kanzaki, J.; Kohriki, T.; Kondo, T.; Makida, Y.; Manabe, A.; Mitsui, S.; Nagano, K.; Nozaki, M.; Odaka, S.; Sasaki, O.; Suzuki, Y.; Takubo, Y.; Tanaka, S.; Terada, S.; Tojo, J.; Tokushuku, K.; Tsuno, S.; Unno, Y.; Yamada, M.; Yamamoto, A.; Yasu, Y.] High Energy Accelerator Res Org, KEK, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan. [Akiyama, A.; Anisenkov, A.; Hayakawa, T.; Homma, Y.; Ichimiya, R.; Ishikawa, A.; Kawagoe, K.; King, M.; Kishimoto, T.; Kurashige, H.; Matsushita, T.; Miyazaki, K.; Nishiyama, T.; Ochi, A.; Okada, S.; Omachi, C.; Suita, K.; Suzuki, Y.; Takeda, H.; Tani, K.; Tokunaga, K.; Yamazaki, Y.] Kobe Univ, Grad Sch Sci, Kobe, Hyogo 657, Japan. [Ishino, M.; Sasao, N.; Sumida, T.] Kyoto Univ, Fac Sci, Kyoto, Japan. [Takashima, R.] Kyoto Univ, Kyoto 612, Japan. [Anduaga, X. S.; Dova, M. T.; Monticelli, F.; Tripiana, M. F.] Consejo Nacl Invest Cient & Tecn, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina. [Anduaga, X. S.; Dova, M. T.; Monticelli, F.; Tripiana, M. F.] Univ Nacl La Plata, Inst Fis La Plata, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina. [Barton, A. E.; Borissov, G.; Bouhova-Thacker, E. V.; Brodbeck, T. J.; Chilingarov, A.; Davidson, R.; de Mora, L.; Dearnaley, W. J.; Fox, H.; Henderson, R. C. W.; Hughes, G.; Jones, R. W. L.; Kartvelishvili, V.; Long, R. E.; Love, P. A.; Ratoff, P. N.; Smizanska, M.; Walder, J.] Univ Lancaster, Dept Phys, Lancaster, England. [Bianco, M.; Cataldi, G.; Chiodini, G.; Crupi, R.; Gorini, E.; Grancagnolo, F.; Guida, A.; Perrino, R.; Primavera, M.; Spagnolo, S.; Ventura, A.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Lecce, I-73100 Lecce, Italy. [Bianco, M.; Crupi, R.; Gorini, E.; Guida, A.; Spagnolo, S.; Ventura, A.] Univ Salento, Dipartimento Fis, Lecce, Italy. [Allport, P. P.; Burdin, S.; D'Onofrio, M.; Dervan, P.; Greenshaw, T.; Gwilliam, C. B.; Hayward, H. S.; Houlden, M. A.; Jackson, J. N.; Jones, T. J.; King, B. T.; Klein, M.; Kluge, T.; Kretzschmar, J.; Laycock, P.; Maxfield, S. J.; Mehta, A.; Migas, S.; Price, J.; Sellers, G.; Vossebeld, J. H.; Waller, P.; Wrona, B.] Univ Liverpool, Oliver Lodge Lab, Liverpool L69 3BX, Merseyside, England. [Cindro, V.; Deliyergiyev, M.; Dolenc, I.; Filipcic, A.; Gorisck, A.; Kersevan, B. P.; Kramberger, G.; Macek, B.; Mandic, I.; Mikuz, M.; Tykhonov, A.] Univ Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia. [Cindro, V.; Deliyergiyev, M.; Dolenc, I.; Filipcic, A.; Gorisck, A.; Kersevan, B. P.; Kramberger, G.; Macek, B.; Mandic, I.; Mikuz, M.; Tykhonov, A.] Jozef Stefan Inst, Dept Phys, Ljubljana, Slovenia. [Adragna, P.; Bona, M.; Carter, A. A.; Cerrito, L.; Eisenhandler, E.; Ellis, K.; Goddard, J. R.; Landon, M. P. J.; Lloyd, S. L.; Morin, J.; Morris, J. D.; Piccaro, E.; Poll, J.; Rizvi, E.; Salamanna, G.; Stevenson, K.; Castanheira, M. Teixeira Dias; Wiglesworth, C.] Queen Mary Univ London, Sch Phys & Astron, London, England. [Alam, M. A.; Berry, T.; Boisvert, V.; Cowan, G.; Edwards, C. A.; George, S.; Goncalo, R.; Hayden, D.; Misiejuk, A.; Pastore, Fr.; Rose, M.; Spano, F.; Strong, J. A.; Teixeira-Dias, P.] Royal Holloway Univ London, Dept Phys, Surrey, England. [Baker, S.; Bernat, P.; Bieniek, S. P.; Butterworth, J. M.; Campanelli, M.; Christidi, I. A.; Cooper, B. D.; Davison, A. R.; Dean, S.; Hesketh, G. G.; Jansen, E.; Jones, T. W.; Konstantinidis, N.; Monk, J.; Nash, M.; Nurse, E.; Richards, A.; Robinson, J. E. M.; Sherwood, P.; Simmons, B.; Taylor, C.; Waugh, B. M.; Wijeratne, P. A.] UCL, Dept Phys & Astron, London, England. [Beau, T.; Bordoni, S.; Calderini, G.; Cavalleri, P.; Chareyre, E.; De Cecco, S.; Derue, F.; Krasny, M. W.; Kuna, M.; Lacour, D.; Laforge, B.; Laplace, S.; Le Dortz, O.; Marchiori, G.; Nikolic-Audit, I.; Ocariz, J.; Ridel, M.; Roos, L.; Schwemling, Ph.; Theveneaux-Pelzer, T.; Torres, H.; Trincaz-Duvoid, S.; Trinh, T. N.; Vannucci, F.; Yuan, L.] CNRS IN2P3, Paris, France. [Beau, T.; Bordoni, S.; Calderini, G.; Cavalleri, P.; Chareyre, E.; De Cecco, S.; Derue, F.; Krasny, M. W.; Kuna, M.; Lacour, D.; Laforge, B.; Laplace, S.; Le Dortz, O.; Marchiori, G.; Nikolic-Audit, I.; Ocariz, J.; Ridel, M.; Roos, L.; Schwemling, Ph.; Theveneaux-Pelzer, T.; Torres, H.; Trincaz-Duvoid, S.; Trinh, T. N.; Vannucci, F.; Yuan, L.] Univ Paris Diderot, Paris, France. [Beau, T.; Bordoni, S.; Calderini, G.; Cavalleri, P.; Chareyre, E.; De Cecco, S.; Derue, F.; Krasny, M. W.; Kuna, M.; Lacour, D.; Laforge, B.; Laplace, S.; Le Dortz, O.; Marchiori, G.; Nikolic-Audit, I.; Ocariz, J.; Ridel, M.; Roos, L.; Schwemling, Ph.; Theveneaux-Pelzer, T.; Torres, H.; Trincaz-Duvoid, S.; Trinh, T. N.; Vannucci, F.; Yuan, L.] UPMC, Lab Phys Nucl & Hautes Energies, Paris, France. [Akesson, T. P. A.; Alonso, A.; Bocchetta, S. S.; Floderus, A.; Hawkins, A. D.; Hedberg, V.; Jarlskog, G.; Lundberg, B.; Lytken, E.; Meirose, B.; Mjornmark, J. U.; Smirnova, O.] Lund Univ, Inst Fys, Lund, Sweden. [Barreiro, F.; Cantero, J.; De la Torre, H.; Del Peso, J.; Glasman, C.; Labarga, L.; Lagouri, T.; Merino, J. Llorente; March, L.; Nebot, E.; Terron, J.] Univ Autonoma Madrid, Dept Fis Teor C 15, Madrid, Spain. [Aharrouche, M.; Arnaez, O.; Bendel, M.; Blum, W.; Buescher, V.; Caputo, R.; Eckweiler, S.; Edmonds, K.; Ellinghaus, F.; Ertel, E.; Fiedler, F.; Fleckner, J.; Goeringer, C.; Handel, C.; Hohlfeld, M.; Hsu, P. J.; Ji, W.; Kawamura, G.; Kleinknecht, K.; Koenig, S.; Koepke, L.; Lungwitz, M.; Masetti, L.; Meyer, C.; Moreno, D.; Mueller, T.; Neusiedl, A.; Sander, H. G.; Schaefer, U.; Schmitt, C.; Schroeder, C.; Tapprogge, S.] Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, D-6500 Mainz, Germany. [Almond, J.; Borri, M.; Brown, G.; Chavda, V.; Cox, B. E.; Da Via, C.; Duerdoth, I. P.; Forti, A.; Foster, J. M.; Howarth, J.; Hughes-Jones, R. E.; Ibbotson, M.; Klinger, J. A.; Kolya, S. D.; Lane, J. L.; Loebinger, F. K.; Marshall, R.; Marx, M.; Masik, J.; Neep, T. J.; Oh, A.; Pater, J. R.; Pilkington, A. D.; Schwanenberger, C.; Snow, S. W.; Watts, S.; Yang, U. K.] Univ Manchester, Sch Phys & Astron, Manchester, Lancs, England. [Aoun, S.; Bee, C. P.; Benchouk, C.; Bertella, C.; Bousson, N.; Clemens, J. C.; Coadou, Y.; Djama, F.; Etienne, F.; Feligioni, L.; Henry-Couannier, F.; Hoffmann, D.; Hubaut, F.; Knoops, E. B. F. G.; Le Guirriec, E.; Li, B.; Li, S.; Maurer, J.; Monnier, E.; Odier, J.; Pralavorio, P.; Qian, Z.; Rozanov, A.; Talby, M.; Tannoury, N.; Tisserant, S.; Toth, J.; Touchard, F.; Vacavant, L.] CNRS IN2P3, Marseille, France. [Aoun, S.; Bee, C. P.; Benchouk, C.; Bertella, C.; Bousson, N.; Clemens, J. C.; Coadou, Y.; Djama, F.; Etienne, F.; Feligioni, L.; Henry-Couannier, F.; Hoffmann, D.; Hubaut, F.; Knoops, E. B. F. G.; Le Guirriec, E.; Li, B.; Li, S.; Maurer, J.; Monnier, E.; Odier, J.; Pralavorio, P.; Qian, Z.; Rozanov, A.; Talby, M.; Tannoury, N.; Tisserant, S.; Toth, J.; Touchard, F.; Vacavant, L.] Aix Marseille Univ, CPPM, Marseille, France. [Brau, B.; Colon, G.; Dallapiccola, C.; Meade, A.; Moyse, E. J. W.; Pais, P.; van Eldik, N.; Willocq, S.; Woudstra, M. J.] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Phys, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. [Belanger-Champagne, C.; Caron, B.; Chapleau, B.; Cheatham, S.; Corriveau, F.; Dobbs, M.; Dufour, M. -A.; Guler, H.; Klemetti, M.; Robertson, S. H.; Rios, C. Santamarina; Schram, M.; Stockton, M. C.; Vachon, B.; Warburton, A.] McGill Univ, Dept Phys, Montreal, PQ, Canada. [Barberio, E. L.; Davidson, N.; Diglio, S.; Kubota, T.; Limosani, A.; Moorhead, G. F.; Hanninger, G. Nunes; Phan, A.; Sevior, M. E.; Shao, Q. T.; Taylor, G. N.; Volpi, M.; White, M. J.] Univ Melbourne, Sch Phys, Melbourne, Vic 3010, Australia. [Armbruster, A. J.; Borroni, S.; Chapman, J. W.; Cirilli, M.; Dai, T.; Diehl, E. B.; Eppig, A.; Ferretti, C.; Goldfarb, S.; Harper, D.; Levin, D.; Li, X.; Liu, H.; Liu, J. B.; Mc Kee, S. P.; Neal, H. A.; Panikashvili, N.; Purdham, J.; Qian, J.; Scheirich, D.; Thun, R. P.; Walch, S.; Wilson, A.; Wooden, G.; Wu, Y.; Yang, H.; Zhou, B.; Zhu, J.] Univ Michigan, Dept Phys, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Abolins, M.; Gonzalez, B. Alvarez; Arabidze, G.; Brock, R.; Bromberg, C.; Caughron, S.; Fedorko, W.; Hauser, R.; Heim, S.; Holzbauer, J. L.; Huston, J.; Koll, J.; Kraus, J.; Linnemann, J. T.; Mangeard, P. S.; Martin, B.; Miller, R. J.; Pope, B. G.; Schwienhorst, R.; Stelzer, H. J.; Tollefson, K.; Zhang, H.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Acerbi, E.; Alessandria, F.; Alimonti, G.; Andreazza, A.; Baccaglioni, G.; Besana, M. I.; Broggi, F.; Carminati, L.; Cavalli, D.; Citterio, M.; Costa, G.; Fanti, M.; Favareto, A.; Giugni, D.; Koletsou, I.; Lari, T.; Mandellia, L.; Mazzanti, M.; Meroni, C.; Montesano, S.; Perini, L.; Pizio, C.; Ragusa, F.; Resconi, S.; Rivoltella, G.; Tartarelli, G. F.; Troncon, C.; Turra, R.; Vegni, G.; Volpini, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Milano, I-20133 Milan, Italy. [Acerbi, E.; Andreazza, A.; Besana, M. I.; Carminati, L.; Fanti, M.; Favareto, A.; Montesano, S.; Perini, L.; Pizio, C.; Ragusa, F.; Rivoltella, G.; Turra, R.; Vegni, G.] Univ Milan, Dipartimento Fis, Milan, Italy. [Bogouch, A.; Harkusha, S.; Kulchitsky, Y.; Kurochkin, Y. A.; Satsounkevitch, I.; Tsiareshka, P. V.] Natl Acad Sci Belarus, BI Stepanov Phys Inst, Minsk, Byelarus. [Gilewsky, V.; Rumiantsev, V.; Starovoitov, P.; Yanush, S.] Natl Sci & Educ Ctr Particle & High Energy Phys, Minsk, Byelarus. [Taylor, F. E.] MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Azuelos, G.; Banerjee, P.; Bouchami, J.; Davies, M.; Ferland, J.; Giunta, M.; Lebel, C.; Leroy, C.; Goia, J. A. Macana; Martin, J. P.; Mehdiyev, R.; Sbrizzi, A.] Univ Montreal, Grp Particle Phys, Montreal, PQ, Canada. [Akimov, A. V.; Baranov, S. P.; Gavrilenko, I. L.; Komar, A. A.; Mashinistov, R.; Mouraviev, S. V.; Nechaeva, P. Yu.; Shmeleva, A.; Snesarev, A. A.; Sulin, V. V.; Tikhomirov, V. O.] Acad Sci, PN Lebedev Phys Inst, Moscow, Russia. [Artamonov, A.; Gorbounov, P. A.; Khovanskiy, V.; Shatalov, P. B.; Tsukerman, I. I.] Inst Theoret & Expt Phys ITEP, Moscow, Russia. [Antonov, A.; Belotskiy, K.; Bondarenko, V. G.; Bulekov, O.; Dolgoshein, B. A.; Kantserov, V. A.; Khodinov, A.; Morozov, S. V.; Romaniouk, A.; Shulga, E.; Smirnov, S. Yu.; Smirnov, Y.; Soldatov, E.; Timoshenko, S.] Moscow Engn & Phys Inst MEPhI, Moscow, Russia. [Gladilin, L. K.; Grishkevich, Y. V.; Rud, V. I.; Sivoklokov, S. Yu.; Smirnova, L. N.] Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Skobeltsyn Inst Nucl Phys, Moscow, Russia. [Adomeit, S.; Beale, S.; Becker, S.; Biebel, O.; Calfayan, P.; de Graat, J.; Duckeck, G.; Ebke, J.; Elmsheuser, J.; Engl, A.; Galea, C.; Heller, C.; Hertenberger, R.; Kennedy, J.; Kramarenko, V. A.; Kummer, C.; Legger, F.; Lichtnecker, M.; Lorenz, J.; Mameghani, R.; Mueller, T. A.; Nunnemann, T.; Oakes, L. B.; Rauscher, F.; Reznicek, P.; Ruckert, B.; Sanders, M. P.; Schaile, D.; Schieck, J.; Serfon, C.; Staude, A.; Vladoiu, D.; Walker, R.; Will, J. Z.; Zhuang, X.] Univ Munich, Fak Phys, Munich, Germany. [Aderholz, M.; Barillari, T.; Beimforde, M.; Bethke, S.; Bronner, J.; Capriotti, D.; Cortiana, G.; Dannheim, D.; Dubbert, J.; Ehrich, T.; Flowerdew, M. J.; Giovannini, P.; Goettfert, T.; Groh, M.; Haefner, P.; Hauff, D.; Jantsch, A.; Kaiser, S.; Kiryunin, A. E.; Kluth, S.; Kortner, O.; Kortner, S.; Kotov, S.; Kroha, H.; Lutz, G.; Macchiolo, A.; Manz, A.; Menke, S.; Mohrdieck-Moeck, S.; Moser, H. G.; Nagel, M.; Nisius, R.; Oberlack, H.; Pospelov, G. E.; Potrap, I. N.; Richter, R.; Salihagic, D.; Sandstroem, R.; Schaarschmidt, J.; Schacht, P.; Seuster, R.; Stern, S.; Stonjek, S.; Vanadia, M.; von der Schmitt, H.; von Loeben, J.; Weigell, P.; Zhuravlov, V.] Werner Heisenberg Inst, Max Planck Inst Phys, Munich, Germany. [Shimojima, M.; Tanaka, Y.] Nagasaki Inst Appl Sci, Nagasaki, Japan. [Hasegawa, S.; Morvaj, L.; Ohshima, T.; Okumura, Y.; Shichi, H.; Sugimoto, T.; Takahashi, Y.; Tomoto, M.; Wakabayashi, J.] Nagoya Univ, Grad Sch Sci, Nagoya, Aichi 4648601, Japan. [Aloisio, A.; Alviggi, M. G.; Canale, V.; Capasso, L.; Carlino, G.; Cevenini, F.; Chiefari, G.; Conventi, F.; de Asmundis, R.; Della Pietra, M.; della Volpe, D.; Doria, A.; Giordano, R.; Iengoa, P.; Izzo, V.; Merola, L.; Musto, E.; Patricelli, S.; Sanchez, A.; Sekhniaidze, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Napoli, I-80125 Naples, Italy. [Aloisio, A.; Alviggi, M. G.; Canale, V.; Capasso, L.; Cevenini, F.; Chiefari, G.; della Volpe, D.; Giordano, R.; Merola, L.; Musto, E.; Patricelli, S.; Sanchez, A.] Univ Naples Federico II, Dipartimento Sci Fis, Naples, Italy. [Gorelov, I.; Hoeferkamp, M. R.; Metcalfe, J.; Seidel, S. C.; Toms, K.; Wang, R.] Univ New Mexico, Dept Phys & Astron, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [Caron, S.; Chelstowska, M. A.; Consonni, M.; De Groot, N.; Filthaut, F.; Klok, P. F.; Konig, A. C.; Koetsveld, F.; Raas, M.; Salvucci, A.] Radboud Univ Nijmegen Nikhef, Inst Math Astrophys & Particle Phys, Nijmegen, Netherlands. [Bentvelsen, S.; Berglund, E.; Bobbink, G. J.; Bos, K.; Boterenbrood, H.; Colijn, A. P.; de Jong, P.; De Nooij, L.; Deviveiros, P. O.; Doxiadis, A. D.; Ferrari, P.; Garitaonandia, H.; Geerts, D. A. A.; Gosselink, M.; Hartjes, F.; Hessey, N. P.; Igonkina, O.; Kayl, M. S.; Klous, S.; Kluit, P.; Koffeman, E.; Lee, H.; Lenz, T.; Linde, F.; Luijckx, G.; Massaro, G.; Mechnich, J.; Mussche, I.; Ottersbach, J. P.; Reichold, A.; Rijpstra, M.; Ruckstuhl, N.; Snuverink, J.; Ta, D.; Tsiakiris, M.; Turlay, E.; van der Graaf, H.; van der Kraaij, E.; Van Der Leeuw, R.; van der Poel, E.; van Kesteren, Z.; van Vulpen, I.; Verkerke, W.; Vermeulen, J. C.; Milosavljevic, M. Vranjes; Vreeswijk, M.] Univ Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Bentvelsen, S.; Berglund, E.; Bobbink, G. J.; Bos, K.; Boterenbrood, H.; Colijn, A. P.; de Jong, P.; De Nooij, L.; Deviveiros, P. O.; Doxiadis, A. D.; Ferrari, P.; Garitaonandia, H.; Geerts, D. A. A.; Gosselink, M.; Hartjes, F.; Hessey, N. P.; Igonkina, O.; Kayl, M. S.; Klous, S.; Kluit, P.; Koffeman, E.; Lee, H.; Lenz, T.; Linde, F.; Luijckx, G.; Massaro, G.; Mechnich, J.; Mussche, I.; Ottersbach, J. P.; Reichold, A.; Rijpstra, M.; Ruckstuhl, N.; Snuverink, J.; Ta, D.; Tsiakiris, M.; Turlay, E.; van der Graaf, H.; van der Kraaij, E.; Van Der Leeuw, R.; van der Poel, E.; van Kesteren, Z.; van Vulpen, I.; Verkerke, W.; Vermeulen, J. C.; Milosavljevic, M. Vranjes; Vreeswijk, M.] Nikhef Natl Inst Subat Phys, Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Calkins, R.; Chakraborty, D.; de Lima, J. G. Rocha; Suhr, C.; Yurkewicz, A.; Zutshi, V.] No Illinois Univ, Dept Phys, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA. [Anisenkov, A.; Beloborodova, O.; Bobrovnikov, V. B.; Bogdanchikov, A.; Kazanin, V. A.; Kolachev, G. M.; Korol, A.; Malyshev, V.; Maslennikov, A. L.; Maximov, D. A.; Orlov, I.; Peleganchuk, S. V.; Schamov, A. G.; Skovpen, K.; Soukharev, A.; Talyshev, A.; Tikhonov, Y. A.; Zaytsev, A.] SB RAS, Budker Inst Nucl Phys, Novosibirsk, Russia. [Budick, B.; Casadei, D.; Cranmer, K.; van Huysduynen, L. Hooft; Konoplich, R.; Krasznahorkay, A.; Lewis, G. H.; Mincer, A. I.; Nemethy, P.; Neves, R. M.; Prokofiev, K.; Shibata, A.; Zhao, L.] NYU, Dept Phys, New York, NY 10003 USA. [Fernando, W.; Fisher, M. J.; Gan, K. K.; Kagan, H.; Kass, R. D.; Merritt, H.; Moss, J.; Nagarkar, A.; Pignotti, D. T.; Rahimi, A. M.; Strang, M.] Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Nakano, I.] Okayama Univ, Fac Sci, Okayama 700, Japan. [Abbott, B.; Gutierrez, P.; Huang, G. S.; Jana, D. K.; Marzin, A.; Meera-Lebbai, R.; Saleem, M.; Severini, H.; Skubic, P.; Snow, J.; Strauss, M.] Univ Oklahoma, Homer L Dodge Dept Phys & Astron, Norman, OK 73019 USA. [Abi, B.; Khanov, A.; Rizatdinova, F.; Yu, J.] Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Phys, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. [Hamal, P.; Nozka, L.] Palacky Univ, RCPTM, CR-77147 Olomouc, Czech Republic. [Brau, J. E.; Potter, C. T.; Ptacek, E.; Radloff, P.; Reinsch, A.; Searcy, J.; Shamim, M.; Sinev, N. B.; Strom, D. M.; Torrence, E.] Univ Oregon, Ctr High Energy Phys, Eugene, OR 97403 USA. [Abreu, H.; Andari, N.; Arnault, C.; Auge, E.; Barrillon, P.; Benoit, M.; Binet, S.; Bourdarios, C.; De La Taille, C.; De Regie, J. B. De Vivie; Duflot, L.; Escalier, M.; Fayard, L.; Fournier, D.; Grivaz, J. -F.; Henrot-Versille, S.; Hrivnac, J.; Iconomidou-Fayard, L.; Idarraga, J.; Kado, M.; Martinez, N. Lorenzo; Lounis, A.; Makovec, N.; Matricon, P.; Niedercorn, F.; Perus, A.; Poggioli, L.; Puzo, P.; Renaud, A.; Rousseau, D.; Ruan, X.; Rybkin, G.; Sauvan, J. B.; Scarcella, M.; Schaffer, A. C.; Serin, L.; Simion, S.; Tanaka, R.; Teinturier, M.; Veillet, J. J.; Vukotic, I.; Wicek, F.; Zerwas, D.; Zhang, Z.] CNRS IN2P3, Orsay, France. [Abreu, H.; Andari, N.; Arnault, C.; Auge, E.; Barrillon, P.; Benoit, M.; Binet, S.; Bourdarios, C.; De La Taille, C.; De Regie, J. B. De Vivie; Duflot, L.; Escalier, M.; Fayard, L.; Fournier, D.; Grivaz, J. -F.; Henrot-Versille, S.; Hrivnac, J.; Iconomidou-Fayard, L.; Idarraga, J.; Kado, M.; Martinez, N. Lorenzo; Lounis, A.; Makovec, N.; Matricon, P.; Niedercorn, F.; Perus, A.; Poggioli, L.; Puzo, P.; Renaud, A.; Rousseau, D.; Ruan, X.; Rybkin, G.; Sauvan, J. B.; Scarcella, M.; Schaffer, A. C.; Serin, L.; Simion, S.; Tanaka, R.; Teinturier, M.; Veillet, J. J.; Vukotic, I.; Wicek, F.; Zerwas, D.; Zhang, Z.] Univ Paris 11, LAL, Orsay, France. [Hanagaki, K.; Hirose, M.; Lee, J. S. H.; Meguro, T.; Nomachi, M.; Sugaya, Y.] Osaka Univ, Grad Sch Sci, Osaka, Japan. [Bugge, L.; Buran, T.; Cameron, D.; Gjelsten, B. K.; Lund, E.; Ould-Saada, F.; Pajchel, K.; Read, A. L.; Rohne, O.; Samset, B. H.; Stapnes, S.; Strandlie, A.] Univ Oslo, Dept Phys, Oslo, Norway. [Abdesselam, A.; Apolle, R.; Barr, A. J.; Boddy, C. R.; Brandt, G.; Buchanan, J.; Buckingham, R. M.; Coe, P.; Coniavitis, E.; Cooper-Sarkar, A. M.; Davies, E.; Dehchar, M.; Farrington, S. M.; Fuster, J.; Gallas, E. J.; Gilbert, L. M.; Gwenlan, C.; Hall, D.; Hawes, B. M.; Howell, D. F.; Huffman, T. B.; Issever, C.; Jones, G.; Karagoz, M.; King, R. S. B.; Kogan, L. A.; Korn, A.; Kundu, N.; Larner, A.; Lewis, A.; Liang, Z.; Livermore, S. S. A.; Loken, J.; Mattravers, C.; Nickerson, R. B.; Pinder, A.; Robichaud-Veronneau, A.; Ryder, N. C.; Short, D.; Tseng, J. C. -L.; Vickey, T.; Viehhauser, G. H. A.; Weidberg, A. R.; Whitehead, S. R.; Zhong, J.] Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, Oxford, England. [Cambiaghi, M.; Conta, C.; Ferrari, R.; Franchino, S.; Fraternali, M.; Gaudio, G.; Livan, M.; Negri, A.; Polesello, G.; Rebuzzi, D. M.; Rimoldi, A.; Uslenghi, M.; Vercesi, V.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pavia, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. [Cambiaghi, M.; Conta, C.; Franchino, S.; Livan, M.; Negri, A.; Rimoldi, A.; Uslenghi, M.] Univ Pavia, Dipartimento Fis, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. [Alison, J.; Degenhardt, J.; Donega, M.; Dressnandt, N.; Fratina, S.; Hines, E.; Hong, T. M.; Jackson, B.; Kroll, J.; Kunkle, J.; LeGeyt, B. C.; Lipeles, E.; Martin, F. F.; Olivito, D.; Ospanov, R.; Reece, R.; Stahlman, J.; Thomson, E.; Wagner, P.; Williams, H. H.] Univ Penn, Dept Phys, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Fedin, O. L.; Gratchev, V.; Grebenyuk, O. G.; Maleev, V. P.; Ryabov, Y. F.; Schegelsky, V. A.; Sedykh, E.; Seliverstov, D. M.] Petersburg Nucl Phys Inst, Gatchina, Russia. [Bertolucci, F.; Cascella, M.; Cavasinni, V.; Crescioli, F.; Del Prete, T.; Dotti, A.; Roda, C.; Sarri, F.; Zinonos, Z.] Univ Pisa, Dipartimento Fis E Fermi, Pisa, Italy. [Bertolucci, F.; Cascella, M.; Cavasinni, V.; Crescioli, F.; Del Prete, T.; Dotti, A.; Roda, C.; Sarri, F.; Zinonos, Z.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pisa, Pisa, Italy. [Boudreau, J.; Cleland, W.; Escobar, C.; Kittelmann, T.; Mueller, J.; Paolone, V.; Prieur, D.; Savinov, V.; Wendler, S.; Yoosoofmiya, R.] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Phys & Astron, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. [Aguilar-Saavedra, J. A.; Amorim, A.; Anjos, N.; Carvalho, J.; Castro, N. F.; Conde Muino, P.; Do ValleWemans, A.; Fiolhais, M. C. N.; Gomes, A.; Jorge, P. M.; Lopes, L.; Miguens, J. Machado; Maio, A.; Maneira, J.; Oliveira, M.; Onofre, A.; Palma, A.; Pina, J.; Pinto, B.; Santos, H.; Saraiva, J. G.; Silva, J.; Soares, M.; Veloso, F.; Wolters, H.] Lab Instrumentacao Fis Expt Particulas LIP, Lisbon, Portugal. [Aguilar-Saavedra, J. A.] Univ Granada, CAFPE, Granada, Spain. [Aguilar-Saavedra, J. A.] Univ Granada, Dept Fis Teor & Cosmos, Granada, Spain. [Chudoba, J.; Gadfort, T.; Gallus, P.; Gunther, J.; Hruska, I.; Juranek, V.; Kepka, O.; Kupco, A.; Kus, V.; Lipinsky, L.; Lokajicek, M.; Marcisovsky, M.; Mikestikova, M.; Myska, M.; Nemecek, S.; Panuskova, M.; Ruzicka, P.; Schovancova, J.; Sicho, P.; Staroba, P.; Svatos, M.; Tasevsky, M.; Tic, T.; Valenta, J.; Vrba, V.; Zeman, M.] Acad Sci Czech Republic, Inst Phys, Prague, Czech Republic. [Davidek, T.; Dolejsi, J.; Dolezal, Z.; Drasal, Z.; Kodys, P.; Leitner, R.; Novakova, J.; Rybar, M.; Spousta, M.; Strachota, P.; Suk, M.; Sykora, T.; Tas, P.; Valkar, S.; Vorobel, V.; Wilhelm, I.] Charles Univ Prague, Fac Math & Phys, Prague, Czech Republic. [Augsten, K.; Holy, T.; Horazdovsky, T.; Hubacek, Z.; Jakubek, J.; Kohout, Z.; Kral, V.; Krejci, F.; Pospisil, S.; Simak, V.; Slavicek, T.; Smolek, K.; Sodomka, J.; Solar, M.; Solc, J.; Sopko, V.; Sopko, B.; Stekl, I.; Turecek, D.; Vacek, V.; Vlasak, M.; Vokac, P.] Czech Tech Univ, CR-16635 Prague, Czech Republic. [Ammosov, V. V.; Borisov, A.; Bozhko, N. I.; Denisov, S. P.; Fakhrutdinov, R. M.; Fenyuk, A. B.; Gapienko, V. A.; Gorokhov, S. A.; Goryachev, V. N.; Gushchin, V. N.; Ivashin, A. V.; Kabachenko, V. V.; Karyukhin, A. N.; Kholodenko, A. G.; Kiver, A. M.; Koreshev, V.; Korotkov, V. A.; Kozhin, A. S.; Larionov, A. V.; Levitski, M. S.; Minaenko, A. A.; Mitrofanov, G. Y.; Moisseev, A. M.; Myagkov, A. G.; Nikolaenko, V.; Pleskach, A. V.; Ryadovikov, V.; Solodkov, A. A.; Solovyanov, O. V.; Starchenko, E. A.; Sviridov, Yu. M.; Vorobiev, A. P.; Zaets, V. G.; Zaitsev, A. M.; Zenin, O.; Zmouchko, V. V.] State Res Ctr Inst High Energy Phys, Protvino, Russia. [Adye, T.; Apolle, R.; Baines, J. T.; Barnett, B. M.; Botterill, D.; Burke, S.; Clifft, R. W.; Davies, E.; Dewhurst, A.; Emeliyanov, D.; Gabizon, O.; Gallop, B. J.; Gee, C. N. P.; Gillman, A. R.; Haywood, S. J.; Kirk, J.; Mattravers, C.; McCubbin, N. A.; McMahon, S. J.; Middleton, R. P.; Murray, W. J.; Nash, M.; Norton, P. R.; Phillips, P. W.; Sankey, D. P. C.; Scott, W. G.; Strube, J.; Tyndel, M.; Weber, M.; Wickens, F. J.; Wielers, M.] Rutherford Appleton Lab, Particle Phys Dept, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. [Benslama, K.; Smit, G. V. Ybeles] Univ Regina, Dept Phys, Regina, SK S4S 0A2, Canada. [Tanaka, S.] Ritsumeikan Univ, Kusatsu, Shiga, Japan. [Abdesselam, A.; Anulli, F.; Artoni, G.; Bagnaia, P.; Bini, C.; Caloi, R.; Ciapetti, G.; D'Orazio, A.; De Pedis, D.; De Salvo, A.; Dionisi, C.; Falciano, S.; Gentile, S.; Giagu, S.; Ippolito, V.; Lacava, F.; Lo Sterzo, F.; Luci, C.; Luminari, L.; Maiani, C.; Marzano, F.; Mastrandrea, P.; Mirabelli, G.; Nisati, A.; Pasqualucci, E.; Petrolo, E.; Pontecorvo, L.; Rescigno, M.; Rosati, S.; Rossi, E.; Tehrani, F. Safai; Sidoti, A.; Camillocci, E. Solfaroli; Spila, F.; Valente, P.; Vari, R.; Veneziano, S.; Zanello, L.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez e Roma 1, Rome, Italy. [Artoni, G.; Bagnaia, P.; Bini, C.; Caloi, R.; Ciapetti, G.; D'Orazio, A.; Dionisi, C.; Gentile, S.; Giagu, S.; Ippolito, V.; Lacava, F.; Lo Sterzo, F.; Luci, C.; Maiani, C.; Mastrandrea, P.; Rossi, E.; Camillocci, E. Solfaroli; Spila, F.; Zanello, L.] Univ Roma La Sapienza, Dipartimento Fis, I-00185 Rome, Italy. [Aielli, G.; Camarri, P.; Cardarelli, R.; Cattani, G.; Di Ciaccio, A.; Di Simone, A.; Liberti, B.; Marchese, F.; Salamon, A.; Santonico, R.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy. [Aielli, G.; Camarri, P.; Cattani, G.; Di Ciaccio, A.; Di Simone, A.; Marchese, F.; Santonico, R.] Univ Roma Tor Vergata, Dipartimento Fis, I-00173 Rome, Italy. [Bacci, C.; Baroncelli, A.; Biglietti, M.; Bortolotto, V.; Branchini, P.; Ceradini, F.; Di Luise, S.; Farilla, A.; Graziani, E.; Iodice, M.; Orestano, D.; Passeri, A.; Pastore, F.; Petrucci, F.; Ruggieri, F.; Stanescu, C.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma Tre, Rome, Italy. [Bacci, C.; Baroncelli, A.; Bortolotto, V.; Ceradini, F.; Di Luise, S.; Orestano, D.; Pastore, F.; Petrucci, F.; Ruggieri, F.] Univ Roma Tre, Dipartimento Fis, Rome, Italy. [Benchekroun, D.; Chafaq, A.; Gouighri, M.; Hoummada, A.; Lablak, S.] Univ Hassan 2, Reseau Univ Phys Hautes Energies, Fac Sci Ain Chock, Casablanca, Morocco. [Ghazlaneb, H.] Ctr Natl Energie Sci Tech Nucl, Rabat, Morocco. [El Kacimi, M.; Goujdami, D.] Univ Cadi Ayyad, LPHEA Marrakech, Fac Sci Semlalia, Oujda, Morocco. [Derkaoui, J. E.; Ouchrif, M.; Tayalati, Y.] Univ Mohamed Premier, Fac Sci, Oujda, Morocco. [Derkaoui, J. E.; Ouchrif, M.; Tayalati, Y.] LPTPM, Oujda, Morocco. [Cherkaoui El Moursli, R.] Univ Mohammed V Agdal, Fac Sci, Rabat, Morocco. [Bachacou, H.; Bauer, F.; Besson, N.; Blanchard, J. -B.; Bolnet, N. M.; Boonekamp, M.; Chevalier, L.; Ernwein, J.; Etienvre, A. I.; Formica, A.; Gauthier, L.; Giraud, P. F.; Guyot, C.; Hassani, S.; Kozanecki, W.; Lancon, E.; Laporte, J. F.; Legendre, M.; Mal, P.; Mansoulie, B.; Meyer, J. -P.; Morange, N.; Mountricha, E.; Hong, V. Nguyen Thi; Nicolaidou, R.; Ouraou, A.; Pomarede, D. M.; Resende, B.; Royon, C. R.; Schune, Ph.; Schwindling, J.; Simard, O.; Virchaux, M.; Vranjes, N.; Xiao, M.; Xu, C.] CEA Saclay Commissariat Energie Atom, DSM IRFU Inst Rech Lois Fondamentales Univers, Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Chouridou, S.; Damiani, D. S.; Fowler, K.; Grillo, A. A.; Hare, G. A.; Litke, A. M.; Lockman, W. S.; Manning, P. M.; Mitrevski, J.; Nielsen, J.; Sadrozinski, H. F-W.; Schumm, B. A.; Seiden, A.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz Inst Particle Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Beckingham, M.; Forbush, D. A.; Goussiou, A. G.; Griffiths, J.; Harris, O. M.; Lubatti, H. J.; Mockett, P.; Rothberg, J.; Ventura, D.; Verducci, M.; Wang, J. C.; Watts, G.; Zhao, T.] Univ Washington, Dept Phys, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Booth, C. N.; Costanzo, D.; Donszelmann, T. Cuhadar; Dawson, I.; Duxfield, R.; Hodgkinson, M. C.; Hodgson, P.; Johansson, P.; Korolkova, E. V.; Mayne, A.; Mcfayden, J. A.; Miyagawa, P. S.; Nicolas, L.; Owen, S.; Paganis, E.; Suruliz, K.; Tovey, D. R.; Tsionou, D.; Tua, A.; Xu, D.] Univ Sheffield, Dept Phys & Astron, Sheffield, S Yorkshire, England. [Hasegawa, Y.; Ohshita, H.; Takeshita, T.] Shinshu Univ, Dept Phys, Nagano, Japan. [Buchholz, P.; Czirr, H.; Fleck, I.; Gaur, B.; Grybel, K.; Holder, M.; Ibragimov, I.; Rammes, M.; Rosenthal, O.; Sipica, V.; Walkowiak, W.; Ziolkowski, M.] Univ Siegen, Fachbereich Phys, D-5900 Siegen, Germany. [Dawe, E.; Godfrey, J.; Kvita, J.; O'Neil, D. C.; Petteni, M.; Stelzer, B.; Tanasijczuk, A. J.; Trottier-McDonald, M.; Vetterli, M. C.] Simon Fraser Univ, Dept Phys, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada. [Aracena, I.; Barklow, T.; Bartoldus, R.; Bawa, H. S.; Butler, B.; Cogan, J. G.; Eifert, T.; Gao, Y. S.; Grenier, P.; Haas, A.; Hansson, P.; Horn, C.; Jackson, P.; Kenney, C. J.; Kocian, M.; Koi, T.; Lowe, A. J.; Malone, C.; Mount, R.; Nelson, S.; Nelson, T. K.; Salnikov, A.; Schwartzman, A.; Silverstein, D.; Smith, D.; Strauss, E.; Su, D.; Wilson, M. G.; Wittgen, M.; Young, C.] SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA USA. [Batkova, L.; Blazek, T.; Federic, P.; Pecsy, M.; Stavina, P.; Sykora, I.; Tokar, S.; Zenis, T.] Comenius Univ, Fac Math Phys & Informat, Bratislava, Slovakia. [Antos, J.; Bruncko, D.; Ferencei, J.; Kladiva, E.; Seman, M.; Strizenec, P.] Slovak Acad Sci, Inst Expt Phys, Dept Subnuclear Phys, Kosice 04353, Slovakia. [Aurousseau, M.] Univ Johannesburg, Dept Phys, Johannesburg, South Africa. [Hamilton, A.; Leney, K. J. C.; Vickey, T.; Boeriu, O. E. Vickey; Yacoob, S.] Univ Witwatersrand, Sch Phys, Johannesburg, South Africa. [Asman, B.; Clement, C.; Eriksson, D.; Gellerstedt, K.; Hellman, S.; Holmgren, S. O.; Johansen, M.; Johansson, K. E.; Jon-Anda, K.; Kim, H.; Klimek, P.; Lesser, J.; Lundberg, J.; Milstead, D. A.; Moa, T.; Nordkvist, B.; Ohm, C. C.; Papadelis, A.; Sellden, B.; Silverstein, S. B.; Sjoelin, J.; Strandberg, S.; Tylmad, M.; Yang, Z.] Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Asman, B.; Clement, C.; Gellerstedt, K.; Hellman, S.; Johansen, M.; Jon-Anda, K.; Kim, H.; Klimek, P.; Lundberg, J.; Milstead, D. A.; Moa, T.; Nordkvist, B.; Ohm, C. C.; Sjoelin, J.; Strandberg, S.; Tylmad, M.; Yang, Z.] Oskar Klein Ctr, Stockholm, Sweden. [Jovicevic, J.; Kuwertz, E. S.; Lund-Jensen, B.; Strandberg, J.] Royal Inst Technol, Dept Phys, S-10044 Stockholm, Sweden. [Ahmad, A.; Arfaoui, S.; Deluca, C.; Devetak, E.; DeWilde, B.; Engelmann, R.; Farley, J.; Goodson, J. J.; Grassi, V.; Gray, J. A.; Hobbs, J.; Jia, J.; McCarthy, R. L.; Mohapatra, S.; Rijssenbeek, M.; Schamberger, R. D.; Stupak, J.; Tsybychev, D.] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. [Ahmad, A.; Arfaoui, S.; Deluca, C.; Devetak, E.; DeWilde, B.; Engelmann, R.; Farley, J.; Goodson, J. J.; Grassi, V.; Gray, J. A.; Hobbs, J.; Jia, J.; McCarthy, R. L.; Mohapatra, S.; Rijssenbeek, M.; Schamberger, R. D.; Stupak, J.; Tsybychev, D.] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Chem, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. [Bartsch, V.; Bohm, C.; De Santo, A.; Martin-Haugh, S.; Potter, C. J.; Rose, A.; Salvatore, F.; Sutton, M. R.] Univ Sussex, Dept Phys & Astron, Brighton, E Sussex, England. [Bangert, A.; Cuthbert, C.; Patel, N.; Saavedra, A. F.; Scannicchio, D. A.; Varvell, K. E.; Watson, I. J.; Waugh, A. T.; Yabsley, B.] Univ Sydney, Sch Phys, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. [Lin, S. C.] Acad Sinica, Inst Phys, Acad Sinica Grid Comp, Taipei, Taiwan. [Harpaz, S. Behar; Ben Ami, S.; Hershenhorn, A. D.; Kajomovitz, E.; Lifshitz, R.; Rozen, Y.; Tarem, S.; Vallecorsa, S.] Technion Israel Inst Technol, Dept Phys, IL-32000 Haifa, Israel. [Abramowicz, H.; Alexander, G.; Amram, N.; Bella, G.; Benary, O.; Benhammou, Y.; Brodet, E.; Etzion, E.; Gershon, A.; Ginzburg, J.; Guttman, N.; Hod, N.; Kreisel, A.; Mahalalel, Y.; Munwes, Y.; Oren, Y.; Reinherz-Aronis, E.; Sadeh, I.; Silver, Y.; Soffer, A.; Taiblum, N.] Tel Aviv Univ, Raymond & Beverly Sackler Sch Phys & Astron, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel. [Iliadis, D.; Kordas, K.; Kouskoura, V.; Nomidis, I.; Petridis, A.; Petridou, C.; Sampsonidis, D.] Aristotle Univ Thessaloniki, Dept Phys, GR-54006 Thessaloniki, Greece. [Akimoto, G.; Asai, S.; Azuma, Y.; Dohmae, T.; Imori, M.; Kanaya, N.; Kataoka, Y.; Kawamoto, T.; Kessoku, K.; Kobayashi, T.; Komori, Y.; Mashimo, T.; Masubuchi, T.; Matsumoto, H.; Matsunaga, H.; Nakamura, K.; Nakamura, T.; Ninomiya, Y.; Oda, S.; Okuyama, T.; Sakamoto, H.; Tanaka, J.; Terashi, K.; Ueda, I.; Yamaguchi, H.; Yamamoto, S.; Yamamura, T.; Yamanaka, T.; Yamazaki, T.] Univ Tokyo, Dept Phys, Tokyo 113, Japan. [Akimoto, G.; Asai, S.; Azuma, Y.; Dohmae, T.; Imori, M.; Kanaya, N.; Kataoka, Y.; Kawamoto, T.; Kessoku, K.; Kobayashi, T.; Komori, Y.; Mashimo, T.; Masubuchi, T.; Matsumoto, H.; Matsunaga, H.; Nakamura, K.; Nakamura, T.; Ninomiya, Y.; Oda, S.; Okuyama, T.; Sakamoto, H.; Tanaka, J.; Terashi, K.; Ueda, I.; Yamaguchi, H.; Yamamoto, S.; Yamamura, T.; Yamanaka, T.; Yamazaki, T.] Univ Tokyo, Int Ctr Elementary Particle Phys, Tokyo, Japan. [Bratzler, U.; Fukunaga, C.] Tokyo Metropolitan Univ, Grad Sch Sci & Technol, Tokyo 158, Japan. [Jinnouchi, O.; Kanno, T.; Kuze, M.] Tokyo Inst Technol, Dept Phys, Tokyo 152, Japan. [AbouZeid, O. S.; Bailey, D. C.; Bain, T.; Brelier, B.; Cheung, S. L.; Dhaliwal, S.; Farooque, T.; Fatholahzadeh, B.; Gibson, A.; Guo, B.; Ilic, N.; Jankowski, E.; Keung, J.; Knecht, N. S.; Krieger, P.; Le Maner, C.; Martens, F. K.; Orr, R. S.; Rezvani, R.; Rosenbaum, G. A.; Savard, P.; Sinervo, P.; Spreitzer, T.; Tardif, D.; Teuscher, R. J.; Thompson, P. D.; Trischuk, W.; Venturi, N.] Univ Toronto, Dept Phys, Toronto, ON, Canada. [Azuelos, G.; Canepa, A.; Chekulaev, S. V.; Fortin, D.; Gingrich, D. M.; Koutsman, A.; Losty, M. J.; Nugent, I. M.; Oakham, F. G.; Oram, C. J.; Savard, P.; Schouten, D.; Stelzer-Chilton, O.; Tafirout, R.; Trigger, I. M.; Vetterli, M. C.] TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada. [Garcia, J. A. Benitez; Palacino, G.; Taylorb, W.] York Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Toronto, ON M3J 2R7, Canada. [Hanawa, K.; Hara, K.; Hayashi, T.; Kim, S. H.; Kurata, M.; Nagai, K.; Ukegawa, F.] Univ Tsukuba, Inst Pure & Appl Sci, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058571, Japan. [Beauchemin, P. H.; Hamilton, S.; Napier, A.; Rolli, S.; Sliwa, K.; Todorova-Nova, S.] Tufts Univ, Sci & Technol Ctr, Medford, MA 02155 USA. [Losada, M.; Loureiro, K. F.; Mendoza Navas, L.; Navarro, G.; Rodriguez, D.; Sandoval, C.] Univ Antonio Narino, Ctr Invest, Bogota, Colombia. [Avolio, G.; Bondioli, M.; Ciobotaru, M. D.; Deng, J.; Eschrich, I. Gough; Hawkins, D.; Lankford, A. J.; Nelson, A.; Okawa, H.; Scallon, O.; Schernau, M.; Taffard, A.; Toggerson, B.; Unel, G.; Werth, M.; Wheeler-Ellis, S. J.; Whiteson, D.; Zhou, N.] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA USA. [Acharya, B. S.; Cauz, D.; Cobal, M.; De Lotto, B.; De Sanctis, U.; Del Papa, C.; Pinamonti, M.; Shaw, K.; Soualah, R.] INFN, Grp Collegato Udine, Udine, Italy. [Acharya, B. S.] Abdus Salaam Int Ctr Theoret Phys, Trieste, Italy. [Cauz, D.; Cobal, M.; De Lotto, B.; De Sanctis, U.; Del Papa, C.; Giordani, M. P.; Pinamonti, M.; Shaw, K.; Soualah, R.] Univ Udine, Dipartimento Chim Fis & Ambiente, I-33100 Udine, Italy. [Benekos, N.; Coggeshall, J.; Cortes-Gonzalez, A.; Errede, D.; Errede, S.; Khandanyan, H.; Lie, K.; Liss, T. M.; McCarn, A.; Neubauer, M. S.; Vichou, I.] Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Brenner, R.; Buszello, C. P.; Ekelof, T.; Ellert, M.; Ferrari, A.; Isaksson, C.] Uppsala Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Uppsala, Sweden. [Amoros, G.; Cabrera Urban, S.; Castillo Gimenez, V.; Costa, M. J.; Ferrer, A.; Fiorini, L.; Garcia, C.; Garcia Navarro, J. E.; Gonzalez de la Hoz, S.; Hernandez Jimenez, Y.; Higon-Rodriguez, E.; Irles Quiles, A.; Kaci, M.; Lacasta, C.; Lacuesta, V. R.; Marti-Garcia, S.; Minano Moya, M.; Mitsou, V. A.; Moles-Valls, R.; Moreno Llacer, M.; Oliver Garcia, E.; Perez Garcia-Estan, M. T.; Romero Adam, E.; Ros, E.; Salt, J.; Sanchez Martinez, V.; Solans, C. A.; Soldevila, U.; Sanchez, J.; Torro Pastor, E.; Valladolid Gallego, E.; Valls Ferrer, J. A.; Villaplana Perez, M.; Vos, M.; Wildauer, A.] CSIC, Valencia, Spain. [Amoros, G.; Cabrera Urban, S.; Castillo Gimenez, V.; Costa, M. J.; Ferrer, A.; Fiorini, L.; Garcia, C.; Garcia Navarro, J. E.; Gonzalez de la Hoz, S.; Hernandez Jimenez, Y.; Higon-Rodriguez, E.; Irles Quiles, A.; Kaci, M.; Lacasta, C.; Lacuesta, V. R.; Marti-Garcia, S.; Minano Moya, M.; Mitsou, V. A.; Moles-Valls, R.; Moreno Llacer, M.; Oliver Garcia, E.; Perez Garcia-Estan, M. T.; Romero Adam, E.; Ros, E.; Salt, J.; Sanchez Martinez, V.; Solans, C. A.; Soldevila, U.; Sanchez, J.; Torro Pastor, E.; Valladolid Gallego, E.; Valls Ferrer, J. A.; Villaplana Perez, M.; Vos, M.; Wildauer, A.] Univ Valencia, Inst Fis Corpuscular IFIC, Valencia, Spain. [Amoros, G.; Cabrera Urban, S.; Castillo Gimenez, V.; Costa, M. J.; Ferrer, A.; Fiorini, L.; Garcia, C.; Garcia Navarro, J. E.; Gonzalez de la Hoz, S.; Hernandez Jimenez, Y.; Higon-Rodriguez, E.; Irles Quiles, A.; Kaci, M.; Lacasta, C.; Lacuesta, V. R.; Marti-Garcia, S.; Minano Moya, M.; Mitsou, V. A.; Moles-Valls, R.; Moreno Llacer, M.; Oliver Garcia, E.; Perez Garcia-Estan, M. T.; Romero Adam, E.; Ros, E.; Salt, J.; Sanchez Martinez, V.; Solans, C. A.; Soldevila, U.; Sanchez, J.; Torro Pastor, E.; Valladolid Gallego, E.; Valls Ferrer, J. A.; Villaplana Perez, M.; Vos, M.; Wildauer, A.] Univ Valencia, Dept Fis Atom Mol Nucl, Valencia, Spain. [Amoros, G.; Cabrera Urban, S.; Castillo Gimenez, V.; Costa, M. J.; Ferrer, A.; Fiorini, L.; Garcia, C.; Garcia Navarro, J. E.; Gonzalez de la Hoz, S.; Hernandez Jimenez, Y.; Higon-Rodriguez, E.; Irles Quiles, A.; Kaci, M.; Lacasta, C.; Lacuesta, V. R.; Marti-Garcia, S.; Minano Moya, M.; Mitsou, V. A.; Moles-Valls, R.; Moreno Llacer, M.; Oliver Garcia, E.; Perez Garcia-Estan, M. T.; Romero Adam, E.; Ros, E.; Salt, J.; Sanchez Martinez, V.; Solans, C. A.; Soldevila, U.; Sanchez, J.; Torro Pastor, E.; Valladolid Gallego, E.; Valls Ferrer, J. A.; Villaplana Perez, M.; Vos, M.; Wildauer, A.] Univ Valencia, Dept Ingn Elect, Valencia, Spain. [Amoros, G.; Cabrera Urban, S.; Castillo Gimenez, V.; Costa, M. J.; Ferrer, A.; Fiorini, L.; Garcia, C.; Garcia Navarro, J. E.; Gonzalez de la Hoz, S.; Hernandez Jimenez, Y.; Higon-Rodriguez, E.; Irles Quiles, A.; Kaci, M.; Lacasta, C.; Lacuesta, V. R.; Marti-Garcia, S.; Minano Moya, M.; Mitsou, V. A.; Moles-Valls, R.; Moreno Llacer, M.; Oliver Garcia, E.; Perez Garcia-Estan, M. T.; Romero Adam, E.; Ros, E.; Salt, J.; Sanchez Martinez, V.; Solans, C. A.; Soldevila, U.; Sanchez, J.; Torro Pastor, E.; Valladolid Gallego, E.; Valls Ferrer, J. A.; Villaplana Perez, M.; Vos, M.; Wildauer, A.] Univ Valencia, Inst Microelect Barcelona IMB CNM, Valencia, Spain. [Axen, D.; Gay, C.; Loh, C. W.; Mills, W. J.; Muir, A.; Swedish, S.; Viel, S.] Univ British Columbia, Dept Phys, Vancouver, BC, Canada. [Albert, J.; Astbury, A.; Bansal, V.; Berghaus, F.; Courneyea, L.; Fincke-Keeler, M.; Keeler, R.; Kowalewski, R.; Lefebvre, M.; Lessard, J. -R.; Marino, C. P.; Martyniuk, A. C.; McPherson, R. A.; Ouellette, E. A.; Plamondon, M.; Sobie, R.] Univ Victoria, Dept Phys & Astron, Victoria, BC, Canada. [Kimura, N.; Yorita, K.] Waseda Univ, Tokyo, Japan. [Alon, R.; Barak, L.; Bressler, S.; Duchovni, E.; Frank, T.; Gross, E.; Groth-Jensen, J.; Klier, A.; Lellouch, D.; Levinson, L. 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W.; Gorfine, G.; Hamacher, K.; Harenberg, T.; Henss, T.; Hirschbuehl, D.; Kalinin, S.; Kersten, S.; Khoroshilov, A.; Kootz, A.; Lantzsch, K.; Lenzen, G.; Maettig, P.; Mechtel, M.; Pataraia, S.; Sandhoff, M.; Sandvoss, S.; Sartisohn, G.; Schultes, J.; Sturm, P.; Thadome, J.; Voss, T. T.; Wagner, W.; Wahlen, H.; Wicke, D.; Zeitnitz, C.] Berg Univ Wuppertal, Fachbereich Phys C, Wuppertal, Germany. [Adelman, J.; Baker, O. K.; Bedikian, S.; Almenar, C. Cuenca; Czyczula, Z.; Demers, S.; Garberson, F.; Golling, T.; Guest, D.; Kaplan, B.; Lee, L.; Loginov, A.; Martin, A. J.; Sherman, D.; Thioye, M.; Tipton, P.; Wall, R.; Zeller, M.] Yale Univ, Dept Phys, New Haven, CT USA. [Hakobyan, H.] Yerevan Phys Inst, Yerevan 375036, Armenia. [Biscarat, C.; Cogneras, E.; Rahal, G.] Ctr Calcul CNRS IN2P3, Villeurbanne, France. [Amorim, A.; Gomes, A.; Maio, A.; Pina, J.] Univ Lisbon, CFNUL, P-1699 Lisbon, Portugal. [Amorim, A.; Gomes, A.; Maio, A.; Pina, J.] Univ Lisbon, Fac Ciencias, Lisbon, Portugal. 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Takai, Helio/0000-0001-9253-8307; Veneziano, Stefano/0000-0002-2598-2659; Doria, Alessandra/0000-0002-5381-2649; Veloso, Filipe/0000-0002-5956-4244; Gomes, Agostinho/0000-0002-5940-9893; la rotonda, laura/0000-0002-6780-5829; Osculati, Bianca Maria/0000-0002-7246-060X; Amorim, Antonio/0000-0003-0638-2321; Santos, Helena/0000-0003-1710-9291; Coccaro, Andrea/0000-0003-2368-4559; De Lotto, Barbara/0000-0003-3624-4480; Wemans, Andre/0000-0002-9669-9500; Korol, Aleksandr/0000-0001-8448-218X; Maio, Amelia/0000-0001-9099-0009; Fiolhais, Miguel/0000-0001-9035-0335; Karyukhin, Andrey/0000-0001-9087-4315; Anjos, Nuno/0000-0002-0018-0633; Giordani, Mario/0000-0002-0792-6039; Abdelalim, Ahmed Ali/0000-0002-2056-7894; Capua, Marcella/0000-0002-2443-6525; Di Micco, Biagio/0000-0002-4067-1592; Tartarelli, Giuseppe Francesco/0000-0002-4244-502X; Vanadia, Marco/0000-0003-2684-276X; Ippolito, Valerio/0000-0001-5126-1620; Mora Herrera, Maria Clemencia/0000-0003-3915-3170; Maneira, Jose/0000-0002-3222-2738; Prokoshin, Fedor/0000-0001-6389-5399; KHODINOV, ALEKSANDR/0000-0003-3551-5808; Goncalo, Ricardo/0000-0002-3826-3442; Solodkov, Alexander/0000-0002-2737-8674; Zaitsev, Alexandre/0000-0002-4961-8368; Monzani, Simone/0000-0002-0479-2207; Grancagnolo, Francesco/0000-0002-9367-3380; Carvalho, Joao/0000-0002-3015-7821; Booth, Christopher/0000-0002-6051-2847; Gonzalez de la Hoz, Santiago/0000-0001-5304-5390; Guo, Jun/0000-0001-8125-9433; Smirnova, Oxana/0000-0003-2517-531X; Aguilar Saavedra, Juan Antonio/0000-0002-5475-8920; Leyton, Michael/0000-0002-0727-8107; Jones, Roger/0000-0002-6427-3513; Vranjes Milosavljevic, Marija/0000-0003-4477-9733; SULIN, VLADIMIR/0000-0003-3943-2495; Olshevskiy, Alexander/0000-0002-8902-1793; Ventura, Andrea/0000-0002-3368-3413; Mir, Lluisa-Maria/0000-0002-4276-715X; Ferrer, Antonio/0000-0003-0532-711X; Hansen, John/0000-0002-8422-5543; Grancagnolo, Sergio/0000-0001-8490-8304; spagnolo, stefania/0000-0001-7482-6348; Camarri, Paolo/0000-0002-5732-5645; Tikhomirov, Vladimir/0000-0002-9634-0581; Gorelov, Igor/0000-0001-5570-0133; Santamarina Rios, Cibran/0000-0002-9810-1816; Bosman, Martine/0000-0002-7290-643X; Lei, Xiaowen/0000-0002-2564-8351; Villaplana Perez, Miguel/0000-0002-0048-4602; Livan, Michele/0000-0002-5877-0062; Mitsou, Vasiliki/0000-0002-1533-8886; Gladilin, Leonid/0000-0001-9422-8636; Joergensen, Morten/0000-0002-6790-9361; Riu, Imma/0000-0002-3742-4582; Villa, Mauro/0000-0002-9181-8048; Mikestikova, Marcela/0000-0003-1277-2596; Kuday, Sinan/0000-0002-0116-5494; Svatos, Michal/0000-0002-7199-3383; Peleganchuk, Sergey/0000-0003-0907-7592; Solfaroli Camillocci, Elena/0000-0002-5347-7764; Castro, Nuno/0000-0001-8491-4376; Wolters, Helmut/0000-0002-9588-1773; Warburton, Andreas/0000-0002-2298-7315; De, Kaushik/0000-0002-5647-4489; O'Shea, Val/0000-0001-7183-1205; Lee, Jason/0000-0002-2153-1519; Morozov, Sergey/0000-0002-6748-7277; Stoicea, Gabriel/0000-0002-7511-4614; Brooks, William/0000-0001-6161-3570; Pina, Joao /0000-0001-8959-5044; Vanyashin, Aleksandr/0000-0002-0367-5666; La Rosa, Alessandro/0000-0001-6291-2142; Moraes, Arthur/0000-0002-5157-5686; Conde Muino, Patricia/0000-0002-9187-7478; Boyko, Igor/0000-0002-3355-4662; FU ANPCyT, Argentina; YerPhI, Armenia; ARC, Australia; BMWF, Austria; ANAS, Azerbaijan; SSTC, Belarus; CNPq, Brazil; FAPESP, Brazil; NSERC, Canada; NRC, Canada; CFI, Canada; CERN; CONICYT, Chile; CAS, China; MOST, China; NSFC, China; COLCIENCIAS, Colombia; MSMT CR, Czech Republic; MPO CR, Czech Republic; VSC CR, Czech Republic; DNRF, Denmark; DNSRC, Denmark; Lundbeck Foundation, Denmark; EPLANET, European Union; ERC, European Union; IN2P3-CNRS, France; CEA-DSM/IRFU, France; GNAS, Georgia; BMBF, Germany; DFG, Germany; HGF, Germany; MPG, Germany; AvH Foundation, Germany; GSRT, Greece; ISF, Israel; MINERVA, Israel; GIF, Israel; DIP, Israel; Benoziyo Center, Israel; INFN, Italy; MEXT, Japan; JSPS, Japan; CNRST, Morocco; FOM, Netherlands; NWO, Netherlands; RCN, Norway; MNiSW, Poland; GRICES, Portugal; FCT, Portugal; MERYS (MECTS), Romania; MES of Russia, Russian Federation; ROSATOM, Russian Federation; JINR; MSTD, Serbia; MSSR, Slovakia; ARRS, Slovenia; MVZT, Slovenia; DST/NRF, South Africa; MICINN, Spain; SRC, Sweden; Wallenberg Foundation, Sweden; SER, Switzerland; SNSF, Switzerland; Cantons of Bern and Geneva, Switzerland; NSC, Taiwan; TAEK, Turkey; STFC, United Kingdom; Royal Society, United Kingdom; Leverhulme Trust, United Kingdom; DOE, United States of America; NSF, United States of America FX We acknowledge the support of ANPCyT, Argentina; YerPhI, Armenia; ARC, Australia; BMWF, Austria; ANAS, Azerbaijan; SSTC, Belarus; CNPq and FAPESP, Brazil; NSERC, NRC and CFI, Canada; CERN; CONICYT, Chile; CAS, MOST and NSFC, China; COLCIENCIAS, Colombia; MSMT CR, MPO CR and VSC CR, Czech Republic; DNRF, DNSRC and Lundbeck Foundation, Denmark; EPLANET and ERC, European Union; IN2P3-CNRS, CEA-DSM/IRFU, France; GNAS, Georgia; BMBF, DFG, HGF, MPG and AvH Foundation, Germany; GSRT, Greece; ISF, MINERVA, GIF, DIP and Benoziyo Center, Israel; INFN, Italy; MEXT and JSPS, Japan; CNRST, Morocco; FOM and NWO, Netherlands; RCN, Norway; MNiSW, Poland; GRICES and FCT, Portugal; MERYS (MECTS), Romania; MES of Russia and ROSATOM, Russian Federation; JINR; MSTD, Serbia; MSSR, Slovakia; ARRS and MVZT, Slovenia; DST/NRF, South Africa; MICINN, Spain; SRC and Wallenberg Foundation, Sweden; SER, SNSF and Cantons of Bern and Geneva, Switzerland; NSC, Taiwan; TAEK, Turkey; STFC, the Royal Society and Leverhulme Trust, United Kingdom; DOE and NSF, United States of America. NR 47 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 3 U2 56 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1434-6044 EI 1434-6052 J9 EUR PHYS J C JI Eur. Phys. J. C PD MAY PY 2012 VL 72 IS 5 AR 2001 DI 10.1140/epjc/s10052-012-2001-6 PG 30 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 952GG UT WOS:000304778800023 ER PT J AU Chatrchyan, S Khachatryan, V Sirunyan, AM Tumasyan, A Adam, W Bergauer, T Dragicevic, M Ero, J Fabjan, C Friedl, M Fruhwirth, R Ghete, VM Hammer, J Hoch, M Hormann, N Hrubec, J Jeitler, M Kiesenhofer, W Knapitsch, A Krammer, M Liko, D Mikulec, I Pernicka, M Rahbaran, B Rohringer, C Rohringer, H Schofbeck, R Strauss, J Taurok, A Teischinger, F Wagner, P Waltenberger, W Walzel, G Widl, E Wulz, CE Mossolov, V Shumeiko, N Gonzalez, JS Bansal, S Benucci, L Cornelis, T De Wolf, EA Janssen, X Luyckx, S Maes, T Mucibello, L Ochesanu, S Roland, B Rougny, R Selvaggi, M Van Haevermaet, H Van Mechelen, P Van Remortel, N Van Spilbeeck, A Blekman, F Blyweert, S D'Hondt, J Suarez, RG Kalogeropoulos, A Maes, M Olbrechts, A Van Doninck, W Van Mulders, P Van Onsem, GP Villella, I Charaf, O Clerbaux, B De Lentdecker, G Dero, V Gay, APR Hammad, GH 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CA CMS Collaboration TI Centrality dependence of dihadron correlations and azimuthal anisotropy harmonics in PbPb collisions at root s(NN)=2.76 TeV SO EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL C LA English DT Article ID RELATIVISTIC NUCLEAR COLLISIONS; TRANSVERSE-MOMENTUM; JET; EXPANSION AB Measurements from the CMS experiment at the LHC of dihadron correlations for charged particles produced in PbPb collisions at a nucleon-nucleon centre-of-mass energy of 2.76 TeV are presented. The results are reported as a function of the particle transverse momenta (p(T)) and collision centrality over a broad range in relative pseudorapidity (Delta eta) and the full range of relative azimuthal angle (Delta phi). The observed two-dimensional correlation structure in Delta eta and Delta phi is characterised by a narrow peak at (Delta eta, Delta phi) approximate to (0, 0) from jet-like correlations and a long-range structure that persists up to at least vertical bar Delta eta vertical bar = 4. An enhancement of the magnitude of the short-range jet peak is observed with increasing centrality, especially for particles of p(T) around 1-2 GeV/c. The long-range azimuthal dihadron correlations are extensively studied using a Fourier decomposition analysis. The extracted Fourier coefficients are found to factorise into a product of single-particle azimuthal anisotropies up to p(T) approximate to 3-3.5 GeV/c for at least one particle from each pair, except for the second-order harmonics in the most central PbPb events. Various orders of the single-particle azimuthal anisotropy harmonics are extracted for associated particle p(T) of 1-3 GeV/c, as a function of the trigger particle p(T) up to 20 GeV/c and over the full centrality range. C1 [Chatrchyan, S.; Khachatryan, V.; Sirunyan, A. M.; Tumasyan, A.; CMS Collaboration] Yerevan Phys Inst, Yerevan 375036, Armenia. [Adam, W.; Bergauer, T.; Dragicevic, M.; Eroe, J.; Fabjan, C.; Friedl, M.; Fruehwirth, R.; Ghete, V. M.; Hammer, J.; Hoch, M.; Hoermann, N.; Hrubec, J.; Jeitler, M.; Kiesenhofer, W.; Knapitsch, A.; Krammer, M.; Liko, D.; Mikulec, I.; Pernicka, M.; Rahbaran, B.; Rohringer, C.; Rohringer, H.; Schoefbeck, R.; Strauss, J.; Taurok, A.; Teischinger, F.; Wagner, P.; Waltenberger, W.; Walzel, G.; Widl, E.; Wulz, C. -E.] Inst Hochenergiephys OeAW, Vienna, Austria. [Mossolov, V.; Shumeiko, N.; Gonzalez, J. Suarez] Natl Ctr Particle & High Energy Phys, Minsk, Byelarus. [Bansal, S.; Benucci, L.; Cornelis, T.; De Wolf, E. A.; Janssen, X.; Luyckx, S.; Maes, T.; Mucibello, L.; Ochesanu, S.; Roland, B.; Rougny, R.; Selvaggi, M.; Van Haevermaet, H.; Van Mechelen, P.; Van Remortel, N.; Van Spilbeeck, A.] Univ Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium. [Blekman, F.; Blyweert, S.; D'Hondt, J.; Suarez, R. Gonzalez; Kalogeropoulos, A.; Maes, M.; Olbrechts, A.; Van Doninck, W.; Van Mulders, P.; Van Onsem, G. P.; Villella, I.] Vrije Univ Brussel, Brussels, Belgium. 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Ellithi; Khalil, S.; Mahmoud, M. A.; Radi, A.] Acad Sci Res & Technol Arab Republ Egypt, Egyptian Network High Energy Phys, Cairo, Egypt. [Hektor, A.; Kadastik, M.; Muentel, M.; Raidal, M.; Rebane, L.; Tiko, A.] NICPB, Tallinn, Estonia. [Azzolini, V.; Eerola, P.; Fedi, G.; Voutilainen, M.] Univ Helsinki, Dept Phys, Helsinki, Finland. [Czellar, S.; Harkonen, J.; Heikkinen, A.; Karimaki, V.; Kinnunen, R.; Kortelainen, M. J.; Lampen, T.; Lassila-Perini, K.; Lehti, S.; Linden, T.; Luukka, P.; Maenpaa, T.; Peltola, T.; Tuominen, E.; Tuominiemi, J.; Tuovinen, E.; Ungaro, D.; Wendland, L.] Helsinki Inst Phys, Helsinki, Finland. [Banzuzi, K.; Korpela, A.; Tuuva, T.] Lappeenranta Univ Technol, Lappeenranta, Finland. [Sillou, D.] IN2P3 CNRS, Lab Annecy le Vieux Phys Particules, Annecy Le Vieux, France. [Besancon, M.; Choudhury, S.; Dejardin, M.; Denegri, D.; Fabbro, B.; Faure, J. L.; Ferri, F.; Ganjour, S.; Givernaud, A.; Gras, P.; de Monchenault, G. Hamel; Jarry, P.; Locci, E.; Malcles, J.; Marionneau, M.; Millischer, L.; Rander, J.; Rosowsky, A.; Shreyber, I.; Titov, M.] CEA Saclay, DSM IRFU, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Plestina, R.; Baffioni, S.; Beaudette, F.; Benhabib, L.; Bianchini, L.; Bluj, M.; Broutin, C.; Busson, P.; Charlot, C.; Daci, N.; Dahms, T.; Dobrzynski, L.; Elgammal, S.; de Cassagnac, R. Granier; Haguenauer, M.; Mine, P.; Mironov, C.; Ochando, C.; Paganini, P.; Sabes, D.; Salerno, R.; Sirois, Y.; Thiebaux, C.; Veelken, C.; Zabi, A.; Bernet, C.] Ecole Polytech, CNRS, IN2P3, Lab Leprince Ringuet, F-91128 Palaiseau, France. [Agram, J. -L.; Andrea, J.; Bloch, D.; Bodin, D.; Brom, J. -M.; Cardaci, M.; Chabert, E. C.; Collard, C.; Conte, E.; Drouhin, F.; Ferro, C.; Fontaine, J. -C.; Gele, D.; Goerlach, U.; Greder, S.; Juillot, P.; Karim, M.; Le Bihan, A. -C.; Van Hove, P.] Univ Haute Alsace Mulhouse, Univ Strasbourg, Inst Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien, CNRS,IN2P3, Strasbourg, France. [Fassi, F.; Mercier, D.] Inst Natl Phys Nucl & Phys Particules IN2P3, Ctr Calcul, Villeurbanne, France. [Baty, C.; Beauceron, S.; Beaupere, N.; Bedjidian, M.; Bondu, O.; Boudoul, G.; Boumediene, D.; Brun, H.; Chasserat, J.; Chierici, R.; Contardo, D.; Depasse, P.; El Mamouni, H.; Falkiewicz, A.; Fay, J.; Gascon, S.; Gouzevitch, M.; Ille, B.; Kurca, T.; Le Grand, T.; Lethuillier, M.; Mirabito, L.; Perries, S.; Sordini, V.; Tosi, S.; Tschudi, Y.; Verdier, P.; Viret, S.] Univ Lyon 1, CNRS IN2P3, Inst Phys Nucl Lyon, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France. [Lomidze, D.] Tbilisi State Univ, Inst High Energy Phys & Informatizat, GE-380086 Tbilisi, Rep of Georgia. [Anagnostou, G.; Beranek, S.; Edelhoff, M.; Feld, L.; Heracleous, N.; Hindrichs, O.; Jussen, R.; Klein, K.; Merz, J.; Ostapchuk, A.; Perieanu, A.; Raupach, F.; Sammet, J.; Schael, S.; Sprenger, D.; Weber, H.; Wittmer, B.; Zhukov, V.] Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 1, Aachen, Germany. [Ata, M.; Dietz-Laursonn, E.; Erdmann, M.; Gueth, A.; Hebbeker, T.; Heidemann, C.; Hoepfner, K.; Klimkovich, T.; Klingebiel, D.; Kreuzer, P.; Lanske, D.; Lingemann, J.; Magass, C.; Merschmeyer, M.; Meyer, A.; Olschewski, M.; Papacz, P.; Pieta, H.; Reithler, H.; Schmitz, S. A.; Sonnenschein, L.; Steggemann, J.; Teyssier, D.; Weber, M.] Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys A 3, Aachen, Germany. [Bontenackels, M.; Cherepanov, V.; Davids, M.; Fluegge, G.; Geenen, H.; Geisler, M.; Ahmad, W. Haj; Hoehle, F.; Kargoll, B.; Kress, T.; Kuessel, Y.; Linn, A.; Nowack, A.; Perchalla, L.; Pooth, O.; Rennefeld, J.; Sauerland, P.; Stahl, A.; Tornier, D.; Zoeller, M. H.] Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys B 3, Aachen, Germany. [Martin, M. Aldaya; Behrenhoff, W.; Behrens, U.; Bergholz, M.; Bethani, A.; Borras, K.; Cakir, A.; Campbell, A.; Castro, E.; Dammann, D.; Eckerlin, G.; Eckstein, D.; Flossdorf, A.; Flucke, G.; Geiser, A.; Hauk, J.; Jung, H.; Kasemann, M.; Katsas, P.; Kleinwort, C.; Kluge, H.; Knutsson, A.; Kraemer, M.; Kruecker, D.; Kuznetsova, E.; Lange, W.; Lohmann, W.; Lutz, B.; Mankel, R.; Marfin, I.; Marienfeld, M.; Melzer-Pellmann, I. -A.; Meyer, A. B.; Mnich, J.; Mussgiller, A.; Naumann-Emme, S.; Olzem, J.; Petrukhin, A.; Pitzl, D.; Raspereza, A.; Cipriano, P. M. Ribeiro; Rosin, M.; Salfeld-Nebgen, J.; Schmidt, R.; Schoerner-Sadenius, T.; Sen, N.; Spiridonov, A.; Stein, M.; Tomaszewska, J.; Walsh, R.; Wissing, C.] DESY, Hamburg, Germany. [Autermann, C.; Blobel, V.; Bobrovskyi, S.; Draeger, J.; Enderle, H.; Gebbert, U.; Goerner, M.; Hermanns, T.; Kaschube, K.; Kaussen, G.; Kirschenmann, H.; Klanner, R.; Lange, J.; Mura, B.; Nowak, F.; Pietsch, N.; Sander, C.; Schettler, H.; Schleper, P.; Schlieckau, E.; Schroeder, M.; Schum, T.; Stadie, H.; Steinbrueck, G.; Thomsen, J.] Univ Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany. [Barth, C.; Berger, J.; Chwalek, T.; De Boer, W.; Dierlamm, A.; Dirkes, G.; Feindt, M.; Gruschke, J.; Guthoff, M.; Hackstein, C.; Hartmann, F.; Heinrich, M.; Held, H.; Hoffmann, K. H.; Honc, S.; Katkov, I.; Komaragiri, J. R.; Kuhr, T.; Martschei, D.; Mueller, S.; Mueller, Th.; Niegel, M.; Oberst, O.; Oehler, A.; Ott, J.; Peiffer, T.; Quast, G.; Rabbertz, K.; Ratnikov, F.; Ratnikova, N.; Renz, M.; Roecker, S.; Saout, C.; Scheurer, A.; Schieferdecker, P.; Schilling, F. -P.; Schmanau, M.; Schott, G.; Simonis, H. J.; Stober, F. M.; Troendle, D.; Wagner-Kuhr, J.; Weiler, T.; Zeise, M.; Ziebarth, E. B.] Univ Karlsruhe, Inst Expt Kernphys, D-7500 Karlsruhe, Germany. [Daskalakis, G.; Geralis, T.; Kesisoglou, S.; Kyriakis, A.; Loukas, D.; Manolakos, I.; Markou, A.; Markou, C.; Mavrommatis, C.; Ntomari, E.; Petrakou, E.] Inst Nucl Phys Demokritos, Aghia Paraskevi, Greece. [Gouskos, L.; Mertzimekis, T. J.; Panagiotou, A.; Saoulidou, N.; Stiliaris, E.; Sphicas, P.] Univ Athens, Athens, Greece. [Evangelou, I.; Foudas, C.; Kokkas, P.; Manthos, N.; Papadopoulos, I.; Patras, V.; Triantis, F. A.] Univ Ioannina, GR-45110 Ioannina, Greece. [Aranyi, A.; Bencze, G.; Boldizsar, L.; Hajdu, C.; Hidas, P.; Horvath, D.; Kapusi, A.; Krajczar, K.; Sikler, F.; Vesztergombi, G.] KFKI Res Inst Particle & Nucl Phys, Budapest, Hungary. [Horvath, D.; Beni, N.; Molnar, J.; Palinkas, J.; Szillasi, Z.; Veszpremi, V.] Inst Nucl Res ATOMKI, Debrecen, Hungary. [Karancsi, J.; Raics, P.; Trocsanyi, Z. L.; Ujvari, B.] Univ Debrecen, H-4012 Debrecen, Hungary. [Beri, S. B.; Bhatnagar, V.; Dhingra, N.; Gupta, R.; Jindal, M.; Kaur, M.; Kohli, J. M.; Mehta, M. Z.; Nishu, N.; Saini, L. K.; Sharma, A.; Singh, A. P.; Singh, J.; Singh, S. P.] Panjab Univ, Chandigarh 160014, India. [Ahuja, S.; Choudhary, B. C.; Kumar, A.; Malhotra, S.; Naimuddin, M.; Ranjan, K.; Sharma, V.; Shivpuri, R. K.] Univ Delhi, Delhi 110007, India. [Banerjee, S.; Bhattacharya, S.; Dutta, S.; Gomber, B.; Jain, S.; Khurana, R.; Sarkar, S.] Saha Inst Nucl Phys, Kolkata, India. [Choudhury, R. K.; Dutta, D.; Kailas, S.; Kumar, V.; Mohanty, A. K.; Pant, L. M.; Shukla, P.] Bhabha Atom Res Ctr, Mumbai 400085, Maharashtra, India. [Aziz, T.; Ganguly, S.; Guchait, M.; Gurtu, A.; Maity, M.; Majumder, D.; Majumder, G.; Mazumdar, K.; Mohanty, G. B.; Parida, B.; Saha, A.; Sudhakar, K.; Wickramage, N.] Tata Inst Fundamental Res EHEP, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India. [Guchait, M.; Banerjee, S.; Dugad, S.; Mondal, N. K.] Tata Inst Fundamental Res HECR, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India. [Arfaei, H.; Bakhshiansohi, H.; Etesami, S. M.; Fahim, A.; Hashemi, M.; Hesari, H.; Jafari, A.; Khakzad, M.; Mohammadi, A.; Najafabadi, M. Mohammadi; Mehdiabadi, S. Paktinat; Safarzadeh, B.; Zeinali, M.] Inst Res Fundamental Sci IPM, Tehran, Iran. [Abbrescia, M.; Barbone, L.; Calabria, C.; Chhibra, S. S.; Colaleo, A.; Creanza, D.; De Filippis, N.; De Palma, M.; Fiore, L.; Iaselli, G.; Lusito, L.; Maggi, G.; Maggi, M.; Manna, N.; Marangelli, B.; My, S.; Nuzzo, S.; Pacifico, N.; Pompili, A.; Pugliese, G.; Romano, F.; Selvaggi, G.; Silvestris, L.; Singh, G.; Tupputi, S.; Zito, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Abbrescia, M.; Barbone, L.; Calabria, C.; Chhibra, S. S.; De Palma, M.; Lusito, L.; Manna, N.; Marangelli, B.; Nuzzo, S.; Pacifico, N.; Pompili, A.; Selvaggi, G.; Singh, G.; Tupputi, S.] Univ Bari, Bari, Italy. [Creanza, D.; De Filippis, N.; Iaselli, G.; Maggi, G.; My, S.; Pugliese, G.; Romano, F.] Politecn Bari, Bari, Italy. [Abbiendi, G.; Benvenuti, A. C.; Bonacorsi, D.; Braibant-Giacomellia, S.; Brigliadori, L.; Capiluppi, P.; Castro, A.; Cavallo, F. R.; Cuffiani, M.; Dallavalle, G. M.; Fabbri, F.; Fanfani, A.; Fasanella, D.; Giacomelli, P.; Grandi, C.; Marcellini, S.; Masetti, G.; Meneghelli, M.; Montanari, A.; Navarria, F. L.; Odorici, F.; Perrotta, A.; Primavera, F.; Rossi, A. M.; Rovelli, T.; Siroli, G.; Travaglini, R.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bologna, I-40126 Bologna, Italy. [Braibant-Giacomellia, S.; Capiluppi, P.; Castro, A.; Cuffiani, M.; Fanfani, A.; Meneghelli, M.; Navarria, F. L.; Rossi, A. M.; Rovelli, T.; Siroli, G.; Travaglini, R.] Univ Bologna, Bologna, Italy. [Albergo, S.; Cappello, G.; Chiorboli, M.; Costa, S.; Potenza, R.; Tricomi, A.; Tuve, C.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Catania, I-95129 Catania, Italy. [Albergo, S.; Cappello, G.; Chiorboli, M.; Costa, S.; Potenza, R.; Tricomi, A.; Tuve, C.] Univ Catania, Catania, Italy. [Barbagli, G.; Ciulli, V.; Civinini, C.; D'Alessandro, R.; Focardi, E.; Frosali, S.; Gallo, E.; Gonzi, S.; Meschini, M.; Paoletti, S.; Sguazzoni, G.; Tropiano, A.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Firenze, I-50125 Florence, Italy. [Ciulli, V.; D'Alessandro, R.; Focardi, E.; Frosali, S.; Gonzi, S.] Univ Florence, Florence, Italy. [Benussi, L.; Bianco, S.; Colafranceschi, S.; Fabbri, F.; Piccolo, D.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy. [Fabbricatore, P.; Musenich, R.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Genova, I-16146 Genoa, Italy. [Barbagli, G.; Ciulli, V.; Civinini, C.; Benaglia, A.; De Guio, F.; Di Matteo, L.; Gennai, S.; Ghezzi, A.; Malvezzi, S.; Martelli, A.; Massironi, A.; Menasce, D.; Moroni, L.; Paganoni, M.; Pedrini, D.; Ragazzi, S.; Redaelli, N.; Sala, S.; de Fatis, T. Tabarelli] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Milano Bicocca, I-20133 Milan, Italy. [Ciulli, V.; Benaglia, A.; De Guio, F.; Di Matteo, L.; Ghezzi, A.; Martelli, A.; Massironi, A.; Paganoni, M.; Ragazzi, S.; de Fatis, T. Tabarelli] Univ Milano Bicocca, Milan, Italy. [Barbagli, G.; Ciulli, V.; Civinini, C.; Buontempo, S.; Montoya, C. A. Carrillo; Cavallo, N.; De Cosa, A.; Dogangun, O.; Fabozzi, F.; Iorio, A. O. M.; Lista, L.; Merola, M.; Paolucci, P.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Napoli, I-80125 Naples, Italy. [Ciulli, V.; De Cosa, A.; Dogangun, O.; Merola, M.] Univ Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy. [Barbagli, G.; Ciulli, V.; Civinini, C.; Azzi, P.; Bacchetta, N.; Bellan, P.; Bisello, D.; Branca, A.; Carlin, R.; Checchia, P.; Dorigo, T.; Dosselli, U.; Fanzago, F.; Gasparini, F.; Gasparini, U.; Gozzelino, A.; Lacaprara, S.; Lazzizzera, I.; Margoni, M.; Mazzucato, M.; Meneguzzo, A. T.; Nespolo, M.; Perrozzi, L.; Pozzobon, N.; Ronchese, P.; Simonetto, F.; Torassa, E.; Tosi, M.; Vanini, S.; Zotto, P.; Zumerle, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Padova, Padua, Italy. [Ciulli, V.; Bellan, P.; Bisello, D.; Carlin, R.; Gasparini, F.; Gasparini, U.; Margoni, M.; Meneguzzo, A. T.; Pozzobon, N.; Ronchese, P.; Simonetto, F.; Tosi, M.; Vanini, S.; Zotto, P.; Zumerle, G.] Univ Padua, Padua, Italy. [Lazzizzera, I.] Univ Trent, Padua, Italy. [Barbagli, G.; Ciulli, V.; Civinini, C.; Baesso, P.; Berzano, U.; Ratti, S. P.; Riccardi, C.; Torre, P.; Vitulo, P.; Viviani, C.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pavia, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. [Ciulli, V.; Baesso, P.; Ratti, S. P.; Riccardi, C.; Torre, P.; Vitulo, P.; Viviani, C.] Univ Pavia, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. [Barbagli, G.; Ciulli, V.; Civinini, C.; Biasini, M.; Bilei, G. M.; Caponeri, B.; Fano, L.; Lariccia, P.; Lucaroni, A.; Mantovani, G.; Menichelli, M.; Nappi, A.; Romeo, F.; Santocchia, A.; Taroni, S.; Valdata, M.; Pioppi, M.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy. [Ciulli, V.; Biasini, M.; Caponeri, B.; Fano, L.; Lariccia, P.; Lucaroni, A.; Mantovani, G.; Nappi, A.; Romeo, F.; Santocchia, A.; Taroni, S.; Valdata, M.; Pioppi, M.] Univ Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy. [Barbagli, G.; Ciulli, V.; Civinini, C.; Azzurri, P.; Bagliesi, G.; Boccali, T.; Broccolo, G.; Castaldi, R.; D'Agnolo, R. T.; Dell'Orso, R.; Fiori, F.; Foa, L.; Giassi, A.; Kraan, A.; Ligabue, F.; Lomtadze, T.; Martini, L.; Messineo, A.; Palla, F.; Palmonari, F.; Rizzi, A.; Segneri, G.; Serban, A. T.; Spagnolo, P.; Tenchini, R.; Tonelli, G.; Venturi, A.; Verdini, P. G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pisa, Pisa, Italy. [Ciulli, V.; Fiori, F.; Messineo, A.; Tonelli, G.; Rolandi, G.] Univ Pisa, Scuola Normale Super Pisa, Pisa, Italy. [Ciulli, V.; Barone, L.; Del Re, D.; Longo, E.; Organtini, G.; Pandolfi, F.; Paramatti, R.; Rahatlou, S.; Rovelli, C.] Univ Roma La Sapienza, Rome, Italy. [Barbagli, G.; Ciulli, V.; Civinini, C.; Barone, L.; Cavallari, F.; Del Re, D.; Diemoz, M.; Fanelli, C.; Franci, D.; Grassi, M.; Longo, E.; Meridiani, P.; Micheli, F.; Nourbakhsh, S.; Organtini, G.; Pandolfi, F.; Paramatti, R.; Rahatlou, S.; Sigamani, M.; Soffi, L.; Rovelli, C.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma, Rome, Italy. [Amapane, N.; Arcidiacono, R.; Argiro, S.; Arneodo, M.; Biino, C.; Botta, C.; Cartiglia, N.; Castello, R.; Costa, M.; Demaria, N.; Graziano, A.; Mariotti, C.; Maselli, S.; Migliore, E.; Monaco, V.; Musich, M.; Obertino, M. M.; Pastrone, N.; Pelliccioni, M.; Potenza, A.; Romero, A.; Ruspa, M.; Sacchi, R.; Sola, V.; Solano, A.; Staiano, A.; Pereira, A. Vilela] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Torino, I-10125 Turin, Italy. [Amapane, N.; Argiro, S.; Botta, C.; Castello, R.; Costa, M.; Graziano, A.; Migliore, E.; Monaco, V.; Potenza, A.; Romero, A.; Sacchi, R.; Sola, V.; Solano, A.] Univ Turin, Turin, Italy. [Arcidiacono, R.; Arneodo, M.; Obertino, M. M.; Ruspa, M.] Univ Piemonte Orientale Novara, Turin, Italy. [Belforte, S.; Cossutti, F.; Della Ricca, G.; Gobbo, B.; Marone, M.; Montanino, D.; Penzo, A.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, Trieste, Italy. [Della Ricca, G.; Marone, M.; Montanino, D.] Univ Trieste, Trieste, Italy. [Heo, S. G.; Nam, S. K.] Kangwon Natl Univ, Chunchon, South Korea. [Chang, S.; Chung, J.; Kim, D. H.; Kim, G. N.; Kim, J. E.; Kong, D. J.; Park, H.; Ro, S. R.; Son, D. C.; Kamon, T.] Kyungpook Natl Univ, Taegu, South Korea. [Kim, J. Y.; Kim, Z. J.; Song, S.] Chonnam Natl Univ, Inst Univ & Elementary Particles, Kwangju, South Korea. [Jo, H. Y.] Konkuk Univ, Seoul, South Korea. [Choi, S.; Gyun, D.; Hong, B.; Jo, M.; Kim, H.; Kim, T. J.; Lee, K. S.; Moon, D. H.; Park, S. K.; Seo, E.; Sim, K. S.] Korea Univ, Seoul, South Korea. [Choi, M.; Kang, S.; Kim, H.; Kim, J. H.; Park, C.; Park, I. C.; Park, S.; Ryu, G.] Univ Seoul, Seoul, South Korea. [Cho, Y.; Choi, Y.; Choi, Y. K.; Goh, J.; Kim, M. S.; Lee, B.; Lee, J.; Lee, S.; Seo, H.; Yu, I.] Sungkyunkwan Univ, Suwon, South Korea. [Bilinskas, M. J.; Grigelionis, I.; Janulis, M.; Martisiute, D.; Petrov, P.; Polujanskas, M.; Sabonis, T.] Vilnius State Univ, Vilnius, Lithuania. [Castilla-Valdez, H.; De La Cruz-Burelo, E.; Lopez-Fernandez, R.; Magana Villalba, R.; Martinez-Ortega, J.; Sanchez-Hernandez, A.; Villasenor-Cendejas, L. M.] Ctr Invest Estudios Avanzados IPN, Mexico City, DF, Mexico. [Carrillo Moreno, S.; Vazquez Valencia, F.] Univ Iberoamer, Mexico City, DF, Mexico. [Salazar Ibarguen, H. A.] Benemerita Univ Autonoma Puebla, Puebla, Mexico. [Casimiro Linares, E.; Morelos Pineda, A.; Reyes-Santos, M. A.] Univ Autonoma San Luis Potosi, San Luis Potosi, Mexico. [Krofcheck, D.] Univ Auckland, Auckland 1, New Zealand. [Bell, A. J.; Butler, P. H.; Doesburg, R.; Reucroft, S.; Silverwood, H.] Univ Canterbury, Christchurch 1, New Zealand. [Ahmad, M.; Asghar, M. I.; Hoorani, H. R.; Khalid, S.; Khan, W. A.; Khurshid, T.; Qazi, S.; Shah, M. A.; Shoaib, M.] Quaid I Azam Univ, Natl Ctr Phys, Islamabad, Pakistan. [Brona, G.; Cwiok, M.; Dominik, W.; Doroba, K.; Kalinowski, A.; Konecki, M.; Krolikowski, J.] Univ Warsaw, Inst Expt Phys, Fac Phys, Warsaw, Poland. [Bluj, M.; Brona, G.; Cwiok, M.; Dominik, W.; Doroba, K.; Kalinowski, A.; Konecki, M.; Krolikowski, J.; Bialkowska, H.; Boimska, B.; Frueboes, T.; Gokieli, R.; Gorski, M.; Kazana, M.; Nawrocki, K.; Romanowska-Rybinska, K.; Szleper, M.; Wrochna, G.; Zalewski, P.] Soltan Inst Nucl Studies, PL-00681 Warsaw, Poland. [Almeida, N.; Bargassa, P.; David, A.; Faccioli, P.; Ferreira Parracho, P. G.; Gallinaro, M.; Musella, P.; Nayak, A.; Pela, J.; Ribeiro, P. Q.; Seixas, J.; Varela, J.; Vischia, P.] Lab Instrumentacao Fis Expt Particulas, Lisbon, Portugal. [Afanasiev, S.; Belotelov, I.; Bunin, P.; Gavrilenko, M.; Golutvin, I.; Gorbunov, I.; Kamenev, A.; Karjavin, V.; Kozlov, G.; Lanev, A.; Moisenz, P.; Palichik, V.; Perelygin, V.; Shmatov, S.; Smirnov, V.; Volodko, A.; Zarubin, A.] Joint Inst Nucl Res, Dubna, Russia. [Evstyukhin, S.; Golovtsov, V.; Ivanov, Y.; Kim, V.; Levchenko, P.; Murzin, V.; Oreshkin, V.; Smirnov, I.; Sulimov, V.; Uvarov, L.; Vavilov, S.; Vorobyev, A.; Vorobyev, An.] Petersburg Nucl Phys Inst, St Petersburg, Russia. [Andreev, Yu.; Dermenev, A.; Gninenko, S.; Golubev, N.; Kirsanov, M.; Krasnikov, N.; Matveev, V.; Pashenkov, A.; Toropin, A.; Troitsky, S.; Musienko, Y.] Russian Acad Sci, Inst Nucl Res, Moscow, Russia. [Epshteyn, V.; Erofeeva, M.; Gavrilov, V.; Kossov, M.; Krokhotin, A.; Lychkovskaya, N.; Popov, V.; Safronov, G.; Semenov, S.; Stolin, V.; Vlasov, E.; Zhokin, A.; Starodumov, A.; Nikitenko, A.] Inst Theoret & Expt Phys, Moscow 117259, Russia. [Zhukov, V.; Belyaev, A.; Boos, E.; Ershov, A.; Gribushin, A.; Kodolova, O.; Korotkikh, V.; Lokhtin, I.; Markina, A.; Obraztsov, S.; Perfilov, M.; Petrushanko, S.; Sarycheva, L.; Savrin, V.; Snigirev, A.; Vardanyan, I.] Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Moscow, Russia. [Andreev, V.; Azarkin, M.; Dremin, I.; Kirakosyan, M.; Leonidov, A.; Mesyats, G.; Rusakov, S. V.; Vinogradov, A.] PN Lebedev Phys Inst, Moscow 117924, Russia. [Azhgirey, I.; Bayshev, I.; Bitioukov, S.; Grishin, V.; Kachanov, V.; Konstantinov, D.; Korablev, A.; Krychkine, V.; Petrov, V.; Ryutin, R.; Sobol, A.; Tourtchanovitch, L.; Troshin, S.; Tyurin, N.; Uzunian, A.; Volkov, A.] State Res Ctr Russian Federat, Inst High Energy Phys, Protvino, Russia. [Adzic, P.; Djordjevic, M.; Ekmedzic, M.; Krpic, D.; Milosevic, J.; Milenovic, P.] Univ Belgrade, Fac Phys, Belgrade 11001, Serbia. [Adzic, P.; Djordjevic, M.; Ekmedzic, M.; Krpic, D.; Milosevic, J.; Milenovic, P.] Vinca Inst Nucl Sci, Belgrade, Serbia. [Aguilar-Benitez, M.; Alcaraz Maestre, J.; Arce, P.; Battilana, C.; Calvo, E.; Cerrada, M.; Chamizo Llatas, M.; Colino, N.; De La Cruz, B.; Delgado Peris, A.; Diez Pardos, C.; Dominguez Vazquez, D.; Fernandez Bedoya, C.; Fernandez Ramos, J. P.; Ferrando, A.; Flix, J.; Fouz, M. C.; Garcia-Abia, P.; Gonzalez Lopez, O.; Goy Lopez, S.; Hernandez, J. M.; Josa, M. I.; Merino, G.; Puerta Pelayo, J.; Redondo, I.; Romero, L.; Santaolalla, J.; Soares, M. S.; Willmott, C.] Ctr Invest Energet Medioambient & Tecnol CIEMAT, Madrid, Spain. [Albajar, C.; Codispoti, G.; de Troconiz, J. F.] Univ Autonoma Madrid, Madrid, Spain. [Cuevas, J.; Fernandez Menendez, J.; Folgueras, S.; Gonzalez Caballero, I.; Lloret Iglesias, L.; Vizan Garcia, J. M.] Univ Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain. [Brochero Cifuentes, J. A.; Cabrillo, I. J.; Calderon, A.; Chuang, S. H.; Duarte Campderros, J.; Felcini, M.; Fernandez, M.; Gomez, G.; Gonzalez Sanchez, J.; Jorda, C.; Lobelle Pardo, P.; Lopez Virto, A.; Marco, J.; Marco, R.; Martinez Rivero, C.; Matorras, F.; Munoz Sanchez, F. J.; Piedra Gomez, J.; Rodrigo, T.; Rodriguez-Marrero, A. Y.; Ruiz-Jimeno, A.; Scodellaro, L.; Sobron Sanudo, M.; Vila, I.; Vilar Cortabitarte, R.] Univ Cantabria, CSIC, Inst Fis Cantabria IFCA, E-39005 Santander, Spain. [Iaydjiev, P.; Puljak, I.; Foudas, C.; Hajdu, C.; Sikler, F.; De Filippis, N.; Fasanella, D.; Tropiano, A.; Benaglia, A.; Gennai, S.; Massironi, A.; Montoya, C. A. Carrillo; Iorio, A. O. M.; Bacchetta, N.; Nespolo, M.; Tosi, M.; Taroni, S.; Tonelli, G.; Venturi, A.; Del Re, D.; Grassi, M.; Mariotti, C.; Montanino, D.; Pela, J.; Grishin, V.; Abbaneo, D.; Auffray, E.; Auzinger, G.; Baillon, P.; Ball, A. H.; Barney, D.; Bernet, C.; Bialas, W.; Bianchi, G.; Bloch, P.; Bocci, A.; Breuker, H.; Bunkowski, K.; Camporesi, T.; Cerminara, G.; Christiansen, T.; Perez, J. A. Coarasa; Cure, B.; D'Enterria, D.; De Roeck, A.; Di Guida, S.; Dobson, M.; Dupont-Sagorin, N.; Elliott-Peisert, A.; Frisch, B.; Funk, W.; Gaddi, A.; Georgiou, G.; Gerwig, H.; Giffels, M.; Gigi, D.; Gill, K.; Giordano, D.; Giunta, M.; Glege, F.; Garrido, R. Gomez-Reino; Govoni, P.; Gowdy, S.; Guida, R.; Guiducci, L.; Hansen, M.; Hartl, C.; Harvey, J.; Hegner, B.; Hinzmann, A.; Hoffmann, H. F.; Innocente, V.; Janot, P.; Kaadze, K.; Karavakis, E.; Kousouris, K.; Lecoq, P.; Lenzi, P.; Lourenco, C.; Maeki, T.; Malberti, M.; Malgeri, L.; Mannelli, M.; Masetti, L.; Mavromanolakis, G.; Meijers, F.; Mersi, S.; Meschi, E.; Moser, R.; Mozer, M. U.; Mulders, M.; Nesvold, E.; Nguyen, M.; Orimoto, T.; Orsini, L.; Cortezon, E. Palencia; Perez, E.; Petrilli, A.; Pfeiffer, A.; Pierini, M.; Pimiae, M.; Piparo, D.; Polese, G.; Quertenmont, L.; Racz, A.; Reece, W.; Antunes, J. Rodrigues; Rolandi, G.; Rommerskirchen, T.; Rovelli, C.; Rovere, M.; Sakulin, H.; Santanastasio, F.; Schaefer, C.; Schwick, C.; Segoni, I.; Sharma, A.; Siegrist, P.; Silva, P.; Simon, M.; Sphicas, P.; Spiga, D.; Spiropulu, M.; Stoye, M.; Tsirou, A.; Veres, G. I.; Vichoudis, P.; Woehri, H. K.; Worm, S. D.; Zeuner, W. D.; Kovalskyi, D.] CERN, European Org Nucl Res, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. [Bertl, W.; Deiters, K.; Erdmann, W.; Gabathuler, K.; Horisberger, R.; Ingram, Q.; Kaestli, H. C.; Koenig, S.; Kotlinski, D.; Langenegger, U.; Meier, F.; Renker, D.; Rohe, T.; Sibille, J.; Naegeli, C.] Paul Scherrer Inst, Villigen, Switzerland. [Baeni, L.; Bortignon, P.; Buchmann, M. A.; Casal, B.; Chanon, N.; Chen, Z.; Deisher, A.; Dissertori, G.; Dittmar, M.; Duenser, M.; Eugster, J.; Freudenreich, K.; Grab, C.; Lecomte, P.; Lustermann, W.; del Arbol, P. Martinez Ruiz; Mohr, N.; Moortgat, F.; Naegeli, C.; Nef, P.; Nessi-Tedaldi, F.; Pape, L.; Pauss, F.; Peruzzi, M.; Ronga, F. J.; Rossini, M.; Sala, L.; Sanchez, A. K.; Sawley, M. -C.; Starodumov, A.; Stieger, B.; Takahashi, M.; Tauscher, L.; Thea, A.; Theofilatos, K.; Treille, D.; Urscheler, C.; Wallny, R.; Weber, H. A.; Wehrli, L.; Weng, J.] ETH, Inst Particle Phys, Zurich, Switzerland. [Aguilo, E.; Amsler, C.; Chiochia, V.; De Visscher, S.; Favaro, C.; Rikova, M. Ivova; Mejias, B. Millan; Otiougova, P.; Robmann, P.; Schmidt, A.; Snoek, H.; Verzetti, M.] Univ Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland. [Chang, Y. H.; Chen, K. H.; Kuo, C. M.; Li, S. W.; Lin, W.; Liu, Z. K.; Lu, Y. J.; Mekterovic, D.; Volpe, R.; Yu, S. S.] Natl Cent Univ, Chungli 32054, Taiwan. [Bartalini, P.; Chang, P.; Chang, Y. H.; Chang, Y. W.; Chao, Y.; Chen, K. F.; Dietz, C.; Grundler, U.; Hou, W. -S.; Hsiung, Y.; Kao, K. Y.; Lei, Y. J.; Lu, R. -S.; Shi, X.; Shiu, J. G.; Tzeng, Y. M.; Wan, X.; Wang, M.] Natl Taiwan Univ NTU, Taipei, Taiwan. [Adiguzel, A.; Bakirci, M. N.; Cerci, S.; Dozen, C.; Dumanoglu, I.; Eskut, E.; Girgis, S.; Gokbulut, G.; Hos, I.; Kangal, E. E.; Karapinar, G.; Topaksu, A. Kayis; Onengut, G.; Ozdemir, K.; Ozturk, S.; Polatoz, A.; Sogut, K.; Cerci, D. Sunar; Tali, B.; Topakli, H.; Uzun, D.; Vergili, L. N.; Vergili, M.] Cukurova Univ, Adana, Turkey. [Akin, I. V.; Aliev, T.; Bilin, B.; Bilmis, S.; Deniz, M.; Gamsizkan, H.; Guler, A. M.; Ocalan, K.; Ozpineci, A.; Serin, M.; Sever, R.; Surat, U. E.; Yalvac, M.; Yildirim, E.; Zeyrek, M.] Middle E Tech Univ, Dept Phys, TR-06531 Ankara, Turkey. [Deliomeroglu, M.; Guelmez, E.; Isildak, B.; Kaya, M.; Kaya, O.; Ozkorucuklu, S.; Sonmez, N.] Bogazici Univ, Istanbul, Turkey. [Levchuk, L.] Kharkov Inst Phys & Technol, Natl Sci Ctr, Kharkov, Ukraine. [Bostock, F.; Brooke, J. J.; Clement, E.; Cussans, D.; Flacher, H.; Frazier, R.; Goldstein, J.; Grimes, M.; Heath, G. P.; Heath, H. F.; Kreczko, L.; Metson, S.; Newbold, D. M.; Nirunpong, K.; Poll, A.; Senkin, S.; Smith, V. J.; Williams, T.] Univ Bristol, Bristol, Avon, England. [Worm, S. D.; Newbold, D. M.; Basso, L.; Belyaev, A.; Brew, C.; Brown, R. M.; Camanzi, B.; Cockerill, D. J. A.; Coughlan, J. A.; Harder, K.; Harper, S.; Jackson, J.; Kennedy, B. W.; Olaiya, E.; Petyt, D.; Radburn-Smith, B. C.; Shepherd-Themistocleous, C. H.; Tomalin, I. R.; Womersley, W. J.] Rutherford Appleton Lab, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. [Bainbridge, R.; Ball, G.; Beuselinck, R.; Buchmuller, O.; Colling, D.; Cripps, N.; Cutajar, M.; Dauncey, P.; Davies, G.; Della Negra, M.; Ferguson, W.; Fulcher, J.; Futyan, D.; Gilbert, A.; Bryer, A. Guneratne; Hall, G.; Hatherell, Z.; Hays, J.; Iles, G.; Jarvis, M.; Karapostoli, G.; Lyons, L.; Magnan, A. -M.; Marrouche, J.; Mathias, B.; Nandi, R.; Nash, J.; Nikitenko, A.; Papageorgiou, A.; Pesaresi, M.; Petridis, K.; Pioppi, M.; Raymond, D. M.; Rogerson, S.; Rompotis, N.; Rose, A.; Ryan, M. J.; Seez, C.; Sharp, P.; Sparrow, A.; Tapper, A.; Tourneur, S.; Acosta, M. Vazquez; Virdee, T.; Wakefield, S.; Wardle, N.; Wardrope, D.; Whyntie, T.] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, London, England. [Barrett, M.; Chadwick, M.; Cole, J. E.; Hobson, P. R.; Khan, A.; Kyberd, P.; Leslie, D.; Martin, W.; Reid, I. D.; Symonds, P.; Teodorescu, L.; Turner, M.] Brunel Univ, Uxbridge UB8 3PH, Middx, England. [Hatakeyama, K.; Liu, H.; Scarborough, T.] Baylor Univ, Waco, TX 76798 USA. [Henderson, C.] Univ Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL USA. [Avetisyan, A.; Bose, T.; Jarrin, E. Carrera; Fantasia, C.; Heister, A.; John, J. St.; Lawson, P.; Lazic, D.; Rohlf, J.; Sperka, D.; Sulak, L.] Boston Univ, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Bhattacharya, S.; Cutts, D.; Ferapontov, A.; Heintz, U.; Jabeen, S.; Kukartsev, G.; Landsberg, G.; Luk, M.; Narain, M.; Nguyen, D.; Segala, M.; Sinthuprasith, T.; Speer, T.; Tsang, K. V.] Brown Univ, Providence, RI 02912 USA. [Breedon, R.; Breto, G.; Sanchez, M. Calderon De La Barca; Caulfield, M.; Chauhan, S.; Chertok, M.; Conway, J.; Conway, R.; Cox, P. T.; Dolen, J.; Erbacher, R.; Gardner, M.; Houtz, R.; Ko, W.; Kopecky, A.; Lander, R.; Mall, O.; Miceli, T.; Nelson, R.; Pellett, D.; Robles, J.; Rutherford, B.; Searle, M.; Smith, J.; Squires, M.; Tripathi, M.; Sierra, R. Vasquez] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Felcini, M.; Andreev, V.; Arisaka, K.; Cline, D.; Cousins, R.; Duris, J.; Erhan, S.; Everaerts, P.; Farrell, C.; Hauser, J.; Ignatenko, M.; Jarvis, C.; Plager, C.; Rakness, G.; Schlein, P.; Tucker, J.; Valuev, V.; Weber, M.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Babb, J.; Clare, R.; Ellison, J.; Gary, J. W.; Giordano, F.; Hanson, G.; Jeng, G. Y.; Liu, H.; Long, O. R.; Luthra, A.; Nguyen, H.; Paramesvaran, S.; Sturdy, J.; Sumowidagdo, S.; Wilken, R.; Wimpenny, S.] Univ Calif Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Andrews, W.; Branson, J. G.; Cerati, G. B.; Cittolin, S.; Evans, D.; Golf, F.; Holzner, A.; Kelley, R.; Lebourgeois, M.; Letts, J.; Macneill, I.; Mangano, B.; Padhi, S.; Palmer, C.; Petrucciani, G.; Pi, H.; Pieri, M.; Ranieri, R.; Sani, M.; Sfiligoi, I.; Sharma, V.; Simon, S.; Sudano, E.; Tadel, M.; Tu, Y.; Vartak, A.; Wasserbaech, S.; Wuerthwein, F.; Yagil, A.; Yoo, J.] Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Barge, D.; Bellan, R.; Campagnari, C.; D'Alfonso, M.; Danielson, T.; Flowers, K.; Geffert, P.; George, C.; Incandela, J.; Justus, C.; Kalavase, P.; Koay, S. A.; Kovalskyi, D.; Krutelyov, V.; Lowette, S.; Mccoll, N.; Mullin, S. D.; Pavlunin, V.; Rebassoo, F.; Ribnik, J.; Richman, J.; Rossin, R.; Stuart, D.; To, W.; Vlimant, J. R.; West, C.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. [Dias, F. A.; Spiropulu, M.; Apresyan, A.; Bornheim, A.; Bunn, J.; Chen, Y.; Di Marco, E.; Duarte, J.; Gataullin, M.; Ma, Y.; Mott, A.; Newman, H. B.; Rogan, C.; Timciuc, V.; Traczyk, P.; Veverka, J.; Wilkinson, R.; Yang, Y.; Zhu, R. Y.] CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Akgun, B.; Carroll, R.; Ferguson, T.; Iiyama, Y.; Jang, D. W.; Jun, S. Y.; Liu, Y. F.; Paulini, M.; Russ, J.; Vogel, H.; Vorobiev, I.] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. [Cumalat, J. P.; Dinardo, M. E.; Drell, B. R.; Edelmaier, C. J.; Ford, W. T.; Gaz, A.; Heyburn, B.; Lopez, E. Luiggi; Nauenberg, U.; Smith, J. G.; Stenson, K.; Ulmer, K. A.; Wagner, S. R.; Zang, S. L.] Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Agostino, L.; Alexander, J.; Chatterjee, A.; Eggert, N.; Gibbons, L. K.; Heltsley, B.; Hopkins, W.; Khukhunaishvili, A.; Kreis, B.; Mirman, N.; Kaufman, G. Nicolas; Patterson, J. R.; Puigh, D.; Ryd, A.; Salvati, E.; Sun, W.; Teo, W. D.; Thom, J.; Thompson, J.; Vaughan, J.; Weng, Y.; Winstrom, L.; Wittich, P.] Cornell Univ, Ithaca, NY USA. [Biselli, A.; Cirino, G.; Winn, D.] Fairfield Univ, Fairfield, CT 06430 USA. [Abdullin, S.; Albrow, M.; Anderson, J.; Apollinari, G.; Atac, M.; Bakken, J. A.; Bauerdick, L. A. T.; Beretvas, A.; Berryhill, J.; Bhat, P. C.; Bloch, I.; Burkett, K.; Butler, J. N.; Chetluru, V.; Cheung, H. W. K.; Chlebana, F.; Cihangir, S.; Cooper, W.; Eartly, D. P.; Elvira, V. D.; Esen, S.; Fisk, I.; Freeman, J.; Gao, Y.; Gottschalk, E.; Green, D.; Gutsche, O.; Hanlon, J.; Harris, R. M.; Hirschauer, J.; Hooberman, B.; Jensen, H.; Jindariani, S.; Johnson, M.; Joshi, U.; Klima, B.; Kunori, S.; Kwan, S.; Leonidopoulos, C.; Lincoln, D.; Lipton, R.; Lykken, J.; Maeshima, K.; Marraffino, J. M.; Maruyama, S.; Mason, D.; McBride, P.; Miao, T.; Mishra, K.; Mrenna, S.; Musienko, Y.; Newman-Holmes, C.; O'Dell, V.; Pivarski, J.; Pordes, R.; Prokofyev, O.; Schwarz, T.; Sexton-Kennedy, E.; Sharma, S.; Spalding, W. J.; Spiegel, L.; Tan, P.; Taylor, L.; Tkaczyk, S.; Uplegger, L.; Vaandering, E. W.; Vidal, R.; Whitmore, J.; Wu, W.; Yang, F.; Yumiceva, F.; Yun, J. C.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. [Piedra Gomez, J.; Acosta, D.; Avery, P.; Bourilkov, D.; Chen, M.; Das, S.; De Gruttola, M.; Di Giovanni, G. P.; Dobur, D.; Drozdetskiy, A.; Field, R. D.; Fisher, M.; Fu, Y.; Furic, I. K.; Gartner, J.; Goldberg, S.; Hugon, J.; Kim, B.; Konigsberg, J.; Korytov, A.; Kropivnitskaya, A.; Kypreos, T.; Low, J. F.; Matchev, K.; Milenovic, P.; Mitselmakher, G.; Muniz, L.; Park, M.; Remington, R.; Rinkevicius, A.; Schmitt, M.; Scurlock, B.; Sellers, P.; Skhirtladze, N.; Snowball, M.; Wang, D.; Yelton, J.; Zakaria, M.] Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL USA. [Gaultney, V.; Lebolo, L. M.; Linn, S.; Markowitz, P.; Martinez, G.; Rodriguez, J. L.] Florida Int Univ, Miami, FL 33199 USA. [Adams, T.; Askew, A.; Bochenek, J.; Chen, J.; Diamond, B.; Gleyzer, S. V.; Haas, J.; Hagopian, S.; Hagopian, V.; Jenkins, M.; Johnson, K. F.; Prosper, H.; Sekmen, S.; Veeraraghavan, V.; Weinberg, M.] Florida State Univ, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. [Baarmand, M. M.; Dorney, B.; Hohlmann, M.; Kalakhety, H.; Vodopiyanov, I.] Florida Inst Technol, Melbourne, FL 32901 USA. [Adams, M. R.; Anghel, I. M.; Apanasevich, L.; Bai, Y.; Bazterra, V. E.; Betts, R. R.; Callner, J.; Cavanaugh, R.; Dragoiu, C.; Gauthier, L.; Gerber, C. E.; Hofman, D. J.; Khalatyan, S.; Kunde, G. J.; Lacroix, F.; Malek, M.; O'Brien, C.; Silkworth, C.; Silvestre, C.; Strom, D.; Varelas, N.] Univ Illinois Chicago UIC, Chicago, IL USA. [Akgun, U.; Albayrak, E. A.; Bilki, B.; Clarida, W.; Duru, F.; Griffiths, S.; Lae, C. K.; McCliment, E.; Merlo, J. -P.; Mermerkaya, H.; Mestvirishvili, A.; Moeller, A.; Nachtman, J.; Newsom, C. R.; Norbeck, E.; Olson, J.; Onel, Y.; Ozok, F.; Sen, S.; Tiras, E.; Wetzel, J.; Yetkin, T.; Yi, K.] Univ Iowa, Iowa City, IA USA. [Barnett, B. A.; Blumenfeld, B.; Bolognesi, S.; Bonato, A.; Eskew, C.; Fehling, D.; Giurgiu, G.; Gritsan, A. V.; Guo, Z. J.; Hu, G.; Maksimovic, P.; Rappoccio, S.; Swartz, M.; Tran, N. V.; Whitbeck, A.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD USA. [Sibille, J.; Baringer, P.; Bean, A.; Benelli, G.; Grachov, O.; Iii, R. P. Kenny; Murray, M.; Noonan, D.; Sanders, S.; Stringer, R.; Tinti, G.; Wood, J. S.; Zhukova, V.] Univ Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. [Gronberg, J.; Lange, D.; Wright, D.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. [Baden, A.; Boutemeur, M.; Calvert, B.; Eno, S. C.; Gomez, J. A.; Hadley, N. J.; Kellogg, R. G.; Kirn, M.; Kolberg, T.; Lu, Y.; Mignerey, A. C.; Peterman, A.; Rossato, K.; Rumerio, P.; Skuja, A.; Temple, J.; Tonjes, M. B.; Tonwar, S. C.; Twedt, E.] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Alver, B.; Bauer, G.; Bendavid, J.; Busza, W.; Butz, E.; Cali, I. A.; Chan, M.; Dutta, V.; Ceballos, G. Gomez; Goncharov, M.; Hahn, K. A.; Harris, P.; Kim, Y.; Klute, M.; Lee, Y. -J.; Li, W.; Luckey, P. D.; Ma, T.; Nahn, S.; Paus, C.; Ralph, D.; Roland, C.; Roland, G.; Rudolph, M.; Stephans, G. S. F.; Stoeckli, F.; Sumorok, K.; Sung, K.; Velicanu, D.; Wenger, E. A.; Wolf, R.; Wyslouch, B.; Xie, S.; Yang, M.; Yilmaz, Y.; Yoon, A. S.; Zanetti, M.] MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Cooper, S. I.; Cushman, P.; Dahmes, B.; De Benedetti, A.; Franzoni, G.; Gude, A.; Haupt, J.; Kao, S. C.; Klapoetke, K.; Kubota, Y.; Mans, J.; Pastika, N.; Rekovic, V.; Rusack, R.; Sasseville, M.; Singovsky, A.; Tambe, N.; Turkewitz, J.] Univ Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN USA. [Cremaldi, L. M.; Godang, R.; Kroeger, R.; Perera, L.; Rahmat, R.; Sanders, D. A.; Summers, D.] Univ Mississippi, University, MS USA. [Sala, S.; Avdeeva, E.; Bloom, K.; Bose, S.; Butt, J.; Claes, D. R.; Dominguez, A.; Eads, M.; Jindal, P.; Keller, J.; Kravchenko, I.; Lazo-Flores, J.; Malbouisson, H.; Malik, S.; Snow, G. R.] Univ Nebraska, Lincoln, NE USA. [Baur, U.; Godshalk, A.; Iashvili, I.; Jain, S.; Kharchilava, A.; Kumar, A.; Shipkowski, S. P.; Smith, K.; Wan, Z.] SUNY Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. [Alverson, G.; Barberis, E.; Baumgartel, D.; Chasco, M.; Trocino, D.; Wood, D.; Zhang, J.] Northeastern Univ, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Anastassov, A.; Kubik, A.; Mucia, N.; Odell, N.; Ofierzynski, R. A.; Pollack, B.; Pozdnyakov, A.; Schmitt, M.; Stoynev, S.; Velasco, M.; Won, S.] Northwestern Univ, Evanston, IL USA. [Antonelli, L.; Berry, D.; Brinkerhoff, A.; Hildreth, M.; Jessop, C.; Karmgard, D. J.; Kolb, J.; Lannon, K.; Luo, W.; Lynch, S.; Marinelli, N.; Morse, D. M.; Pearson, T.; Ruchti, R.; Slaunwhite, J.; Valls, N.; Wayne, M.; Wolf, M.; Ziegler, J.] Univ Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. [Bylsma, B.; Durkin, L. S.; Hill, C.; Killewald, P.; Kotov, K.; Ling, T. Y.; Rodenburg, M.; Vuosalo, C.; Williams, G.] Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Adam, N.; Berry, E.; Elmer, P.; Gerbaudo, D.; Halyo, V.; Hebda, P.; Hegeman, J.; Hunt, A.; Laird, E.; Pegna, D. Lopes; Lujan, P.; Marlow, D.; Medvedeva, T.; Mooney, M.; Olsen, J.; Piroue, P.; Quan, X.; Raval, A.; Saka, H.; Stickland, D.; Tully, C.; Werner, J. S.; Zuranski, A.] Princeton Univ, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Acosta, J. G.; Huang, X. T.; Lopez, A.; Mendez, H.; Oliveros, S.; Vargas, J. E. Ramirez; Zatserklyaniy, A.] Univ Puerto Rico, Mayaguez, PR USA. [Alagoz, E.; Barnes, V. E.; Benedetti, D.; Bolla, G.; Borrello, L.; Bortoletto, D.; De Mattia, M.; Everett, A.; Gutay, L.; Hu, Z.; Jones, M.; Koybasi, O.; Kress, M.; Laasanen, A. T.; Leonardo, N.; Maroussov, V.; Merkel, P.; Miller, D. H.; Neumeister, N.; Shipsey, I.; Silvers, D.; Svyatkovskiy, A.; Marono, M. Vidal; Yoo, H. D.; Zablocki, J.; Zheng, Y.] Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Guragain, S.; Parashar, N.] Purdue Univ Calumet, Hammond, LA USA. [Adair, A.; Boulahouache, C.; Cuplov, V.; Ecklund, K. M.; Geurts, F. J. M.; Padley, B. P.; Redjimi, R.; Roberts, J.; Zabel, J.] Rice Univ, Houston, TX USA. 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Ferguson, Thomas/O-3444-2014; Benussi, Luigi/O-9684-2014; Russ, James/P-3092-2014; Dahms, Torsten/A-8453-2015; Hektor, Andi/G-1804-2011; Grandi, Claudio/B-5654-2015; Lazzizzera, Ignazio/E-9678-2015; Codispoti, Giuseppe/F-6574-2014; Gribushin, Andrei/J-4225-2012; Cerrada, Marcos/J-6934-2014; de la Cruz, Begona/K-7552-2014; Calvo Alamillo, Enrique/L-1203-2014; Paulini, Manfred/N-7794-2014; Vogel, Helmut/N-8882-2014; Santaolalla, Javier/C-3094-2013; Alves, Gilvan/C-4007-2013; Rolandi, Luigi (Gigi)/E-8563-2013; Zalewski, Piotr/H-7335-2013; Tinti, Gemma/I-5886-2013; Markina, Anastasia/E-3390-2012; Dogangun, Oktay/L-9252-2013; Troitsky, Sergey/C-1377-2014; Jeitler, Manfred/H-3106-2012; Venturi, Andrea/J-1877-2012; Montanari, Alessandro/J-2420-2012; Amapane, Nicola/J-3683-2012; tosi, mia/J-5777-2012; Petrushanko, Sergey/D-6880-2012; Vardanyan, Irina/K-7981-2012; Snigirev, Alexander/D-8912-2012; Mercadante, Pedro/K-1918-2012; Kadastik, Mario/B-7559-2008; Mundim, Luiz/A-1291-2012; Santoro, Alberto/E-7932-2014; Ivanov, Andrew/A-7982-2013; Proskuryakov, Alexander/J-6166-2012; De La Cruz Burelo, Eduard/B-9802-2013; Tomei, Thiago/E-7091-2012; Karancsi, Janos/A-9710-2013; Max, Mad/E-5238-2010; Dudko, Lev/D-7127-2012 OI Tinoco Mendes, Andre David/0000-0001-5854-7699; Azzi, Patrizia/0000-0002-3129-828X; Novaes, Sergio/0000-0003-0471-8549; Varela, Joao/0000-0003-2613-3146; Bean, Alice/0000-0001-5967-8674; Fassi, Farida/0000-0002-6423-7213; Attia Mahmoud, Mohammed/0000-0001-8692-5458; Heath, Helen/0000-0001-6576-9740; Carrera, Edgar/0000-0002-0857-8507; Sguazzoni, Giacomo/0000-0002-0791-3350; Ligabue, Franco/0000-0002-1549-7107; Diemoz, Marcella/0000-0002-3810-8530; Tricomi, Alessia Rita/0000-0002-5071-5501; Heredia De La Cruz, Ivan/0000-0002-8133-6467; Ghezzi, Alessio/0000-0002-8184-7953; bianco, stefano/0000-0002-8300-4124; Demaria, Natale/0000-0003-0743-9465; Benaglia, Andrea Davide/0000-0003-1124-8450; Covarelli, Roberto/0000-0003-1216-5235; Longo, Egidio/0000-0001-6238-6787; Di Matteo, Leonardo/0000-0001-6698-1735; Baarmand, Marc/0000-0002-9792-8619; Boccali, Tommaso/0000-0002-9930-9299; Menasce, Dario Livio/0000-0002-9918-1686; Bargassa, Pedrame/0000-0001-8612-3332; Bilki, Burak/0000-0001-9515-3306; Lloret Iglesias, Lara/0000-0002-0157-4765; D'Alessandro, Raffaello/0000-0001-7997-0306; Scodellaro, Luca/0000-0002-4974-8330; Vieira de Castro Ferreira da Silva, Pedro Manuel/0000-0002-5725-041X; Wimpenny, Stephen/0000-0003-0505-4908; de Jesus Damiao, Dilson/0000-0002-3769-1680; Sen, Sercan/0000-0001-7325-1087; Bedoya, Cristina/0000-0001-8057-9152; Hernandez Calama, Jose Maria/0000-0001-6436-7547; My, Salvatore/0000-0002-9938-2680; Flix, Josep/0000-0003-2688-8047; Xie, Si/0000-0003-2509-5731; Leonardo, Nuno/0000-0002-9746-4594; Goh, Junghwan/0000-0002-1129-2083; Govoni, Pietro/0000-0002-0227-1301; Tuominen, Eija/0000-0002-7073-7767; Yazgan, Efe/0000-0001-5732-7950; Belyaev, Alexander/0000-0002-1733-4408; Gerbaudo, Davide/0000-0002-4463-0878; Wulz, Claudia-Elisabeth/0000-0001-9226-5812; Ragazzi, Stefano/0000-0001-8219-2074; KIM, Tae Jeong/0000-0001-8336-2434; Arce, Pedro/0000-0003-3009-0484; Della Ricca, Giuseppe/0000-0003-2831-6982; Paganoni, Marco/0000-0003-2461-275X; Gulmez, Erhan/0000-0002-6353-518X; Seixas, Joao/0000-0002-7531-0842; Vilela Pereira, Antonio/0000-0003-3177-4626; Sznajder, Andre/0000-0001-6998-1108; Haj Ahmad, Wael/0000-0003-1491-0446; Stahl, Achim/0000-0002-8369-7506; Trocsanyi, Zoltan/0000-0002-2129-1279; Konecki, Marcin/0000-0001-9482-4841; Marco, Jesus/0000-0001-7914-8494; Matorras, Francisco/0000-0003-4295-5668; TUVE', Cristina/0000-0003-0739-3153; Marinho, Franciole/0000-0002-7327-0349; Ferguson, Thomas/0000-0001-5822-3731; Benussi, Luigi/0000-0002-2363-8889; Russ, James/0000-0001-9856-9155; Dahms, Torsten/0000-0003-4274-5476; Hektor, Andi/0000-0001-7873-8118; Grandi, Claudio/0000-0001-5998-3070; Lazzizzera, Ignazio/0000-0001-5092-7531; Codispoti, Giuseppe/0000-0003-0217-7021; Cerrada, Marcos/0000-0003-0112-1691; Calvo Alamillo, Enrique/0000-0002-1100-2963; Paulini, Manfred/0000-0002-6714-5787; Vogel, Helmut/0000-0002-6109-3023; Rolandi, Luigi (Gigi)/0000-0002-0635-274X; Dogangun, Oktay/0000-0002-1255-2211; Troitsky, Sergey/0000-0001-6917-6600; Montanari, Alessandro/0000-0003-2748-6373; Amapane, Nicola/0000-0001-9449-2509; Mundim, Luiz/0000-0001-9964-7805; Ciulli, Vitaliano/0000-0003-1947-3396; Martelli, Arabella/0000-0003-3530-2255; Gonzi, Sandro/0000-0003-4754-645X; Levchenko, Petr/0000-0003-4913-0538; Ivanov, Andrew/0000-0002-9270-5643; De La Cruz Burelo, Eduard/0000-0002-7469-6974; Tomei, Thiago/0000-0002-1809-5226; Karancsi, Janos/0000-0003-0802-7665; Max, Mad/0000-0001-6966-6829; Dudko, Lev/0000-0002-4462-3192 FU FMSR (Austria); FNRS (Belgium); FWO (Belgium); CNPq (Brazil); CAPES (Brazil); FAPERJ (Brazil); FAPESP (Brazil); MES (Bulgaria); CERN; CAS (China); MoST (China); NSFC (China); COLCIENCIAS (Colombia); MSES (Croatia); RPF (Cyprus); Academy of Sciences (Estonia); NICPB (Estonia); Academy of Finland (Finland); MEC (Finland); HIP (Finland); CEA (France); CNRS/IN2P3 (France); BMBF (Germany); DFG (Germany); HGF (Germany); GSRT (Greece); OTKA (Hungary); NKTH (Hungary); DAE (India); DST (India); IPM (Iran); SFI (Ireland); INFN (Italy); NRF (Korea); WCU (Korea); LAS (Lithuania); CINVESTAV (Mexico); CONACYT (Mexico); SEP (Mexico); UASLP-FAI (Mexico); MSI (New Zealand); PAEC (Pakistan); SCSR (Poland); FCT (Portugal); JINR (Armenia); JINR (Belarus); JINR (Georgia); JINR (Ukraine); JINR (Uzbekistan); MON (Russia); RosAtom (Russia); RAS (Russia); RFBR (Russia); MSTD (Serbia); MICINN (Spain); CPAN (Spain); Swiss Funding Agencies (Switzerland); NSC (Taipei); TUBITAK (Turkey); TAEK (Turkey); STFC (United Kingdom); DOE (USA); NSF (USA); European Union; European Research Council (European Union); Leventis Foundation; A.P. Sloan Foundation; Alexander von Humboldt Foundation; Belgian Federal Science Policy Office; Fonds pour la Formation a la Recherche dans l'Industrie et dans l'Agriculture (FRIA-Belgium); Agentschap voor Innovatie door Wetenschap en Technologie (IWT-Belgium); Council of Science and Industrial Research, India FX We wish to congratulate our colleagues in the CERN accelerator departments for the excellent performance of the LHC machine. We thank the technical and administrative staff at CERN and other CMS institutes, and acknowledge support from: FMSR (Austria); FNRS and FWO (Belgium); CNPq, CAPES, FAPERJ, and FAPESP (Brazil); MES (Bulgaria); CERN; CAS, MoST, and NSFC (China); COLCIENCIAS (Colombia); MSES (Croatia); RPF (Cyprus); Academy of Sciences and NICPB (Estonia); Academy of Finland, MEC, and HIP (Finland); CEA and CNRS/IN2P3 (France); BMBF, DFG, and HGF (Germany); GSRT (Greece); OTKA and NKTH (Hungary); DAE and DST (India); IPM (Iran); SFI (Ireland); INFN (Italy); NRF and WCU (Korea); LAS (Lithuania); CINVESTAV, CONACYT, SEP, and UASLP-FAI (Mexico); MSI (New Zealand); PAEC (Pakistan); SCSR (Poland); FCT (Portugal); JINR (Armenia, Belarus, Georgia, Ukraine, Uzbekistan); MON, RosAtom, RAS and RFBR (Russia); MSTD (Serbia); MICINN and CPAN (Spain); Swiss Funding Agencies (Switzerland); NSC (Taipei); TUBITAK and TAEK (Turkey); STFC (United Kingdom); DOE and NSF (USA).; Individuals have received support from the Marie-Curie programme and the European Research Council (European Union); the Leventis Foundation; the A.P. Sloan Foundation; the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation; the Belgian Federal Science Policy Office; the Fonds pour la Formation a la Recherche dans l'Industrie et dans l'Agriculture (FRIA-Belgium); the Agentschap voor Innovatie door Wetenschap en Technologie (IWT-Belgium); and the Council of Science and Industrial Research, India. NR 53 TC 299 Z9 301 U1 28 U2 133 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1434-6044 EI 1434-6052 J9 EUR PHYS J C JI Eur. Phys. J. C PD MAY PY 2012 VL 72 IS 5 AR 2012 DI 10.1140/epjc/s10052-012-2012-3 PG 26 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 952GG UT WOS:000304778800005 ER PT J AU Cogollo, D Queiroz, FS Teles, PR de Andrade, AV AF Cogollo, D. Queiroz, F. S. Teles, P. R. Vital de Andrade, A. TI Novel sources of Flavor Changed Neutral Currents in the 331(RHN) model SO EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL C LA English DT Article ID RIGHT-HANDED NEUTRINOS; ELECTROWEAK INTERACTIONS; WEAK-INTERACTION; TEV SCALE; VIOLATION; LEPTON; MECHANISM; SYMMETRY; NUMBER AB Sources of Flavor Changed Neutral Currents (FCNC) emerge naturally from a well motivated framework called 3-3-1 with right-handed neutrinos model, 331(RHN) for short, mediated by an extra neutral gauge boson Z'. Following previous work we calculate these sources and in addition we derive new ones coming from CP-even and -odd neutral scalars which appear due to their non-diagonal interactions with the physical standard quarks. Furthermore, by using 4 texture zeros for the quark mass matrices, we derive the mass difference terms for the neutral mesons systems K-0-(K) over bar (0), D-0-(D) over bar (0) and B-0-(B) over bar (0) and show that, though one can discern that the Z' contribution is the most relevant one for mesons oscillations purposes, scalar contributions play a role also in this processes and hence it is worthwhile to investigate them and derive new bounds on space of parameters. In particular, studying the B-0-(B) over bar (0) system we set the bounds M-Z' greater than or similar to 4.2 TeV and M-S2, M-I3 greater than or similar to 7.5 TeV in order to be consistent with the current measurements. C1 [Cogollo, D.; Queiroz, F. S.; Vital de Andrade, A.] Univ Fed Campina Grande, Dept Fis, BR-58109970 Campina Grande, Paraiba, Brazil. [Queiroz, F. S.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Ctr Particle Astrophys, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. [Teles, P. R.] Univ Fed ABC, Ctr Ciencias Nat & Humanas, BR-09210170 Santo Andre, SP, Brazil. RP Cogollo, D (reprint author), Univ Fed Campina Grande, Dept Fis, Caixa Postal 10071, BR-58109970 Campina Grande, Paraiba, Brazil. EM diegocogollo@df.ufcg.edu.br; fqueiroz@fnal.gov; patricia.teles@ufabc.edu.br; aubery.vital@df.ufcg.edu.br RI Queiroz, Farinaldo/H-1886-2012; Cogollo, Diego/L-1895-2016; OI Cogollo, Diego/0000-0002-1834-5811; Da Silva Queiroz, Farinaldo/0000-0002-7141-5532 FU Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior (CAPES) FX The authors thank Carlos Pires for valuable discussions and comments. FSQ acknowledges the hospitality of the Universidade Federal de Campina Grande during the early stages of this work. This work is supported by Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior (CAPES). NR 43 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 3 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1434-6044 EI 1434-6052 J9 EUR PHYS J C JI Eur. Phys. J. C PD MAY PY 2012 VL 72 IS 5 AR 2029 DI 10.1140/epjc/s10052-012-2029-7 PG 10 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 952GG UT WOS:000304778800001 ER PT J AU Phelps, AV Clementson, J AF Phelps, A. V. Clementson, J. TI Interpretation of EUV emissions observed by Mills et al. SO EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL D LA English DT Article ID HYDRINO CONTINUUM TRANSITIONS; 10.1 NM; CUTOFFS; DISCHARGE; SPECTRUM; IONS AB An explanation of the so-called hydrino continuum emissions proposed by Mills and Lu, most recently in [Eur. Phys. J. D 64, 65 (2011)], is presented using conventional atomic, plasma, and discharge physics. It is argued that the observed EUV emissions during their pulsed discharges originate from transitions in ions sputtered or evaporated from the electrodes. Such an interpretation removes their justification for the introduction of hydrino particles. C1 [Phelps, A. V.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Phelps, A. V.] Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Clementson, J.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Phelps, AV (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, JILA, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. EM avp@jila.colorado.edu FU JILA; United States Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA-27344] FX The work of A. V. P. was supported in part by JILA. The work of J.C. was preformed under the auspices of the United States Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract No. DE-AC52-07NA-27344. A. V. P. thanks B. W. Bach, B. W. Bach Jr., P. Beiersdorfer, S. Fuelling, and E. Wilkinson for helpful discussions of the properties of EUV spectrometers. He also thanks A. Gallagher for helpful discussions and reviewing the manuscript. NR 21 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 8 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1434-6060 J9 EUR PHYS J D JI Eur. Phys. J. D PD MAY PY 2012 VL 66 IS 5 AR 120 DI 10.1140/epjd/e2012-30114-5 PG 4 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA 958NJ UT WOS:000305245400029 ER PT J AU Park, S Shao, YY Viswanathan, VV Liu, J Wang, Y AF Park, Sehkyu Shao, Yuyan Viswanathan, Vilayanur V. Liu, Jun Wang, Yong TI Non-kinetic losses caused by electrochemical carbon corrosion in PEM fuel cells SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY LA English DT Article DE Proton exchange membrane fuel cells; Carbon corrosion; Non-kinetic losses ID GAS-DIFFUSION ELECTRODES; SUPPORTED PLATINUM; IMPEDANCE SPECTROSCOPY; SCIENTIFIC ASPECTS; DURABILITY; DEGRADATION; CATALYSTS; CATHODE; ALLOY; PERFORMANCE AB This paper presented non-kinetic losses in PEM fuel cells under an accelerated stress test of catalyst support. A cathode with carbon-supported Pt catalyst was prepared and characterized during potential hold at 1.2 V vs. SHE in a PEM fuel cell. Irreversible losses caused by carbon corrosion were evaluated using a variety of electrochemical characterizations including cyclic voltammetry, linear sweep voltammetry, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and polarization technique. Ohmic losses at the cathode during potential hold were determined using its capacitive responses. Concentration losses in the PEM fuel cell were analyzed in terms of Tafel behavior and thin film/flooded-agglomerate dynamics. Copyright (C) 2012, Hydrogen Energy Publications, LLC. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Park, Sehkyu; Shao, Yuyan; Viswanathan, Vilayanur V.; Liu, Jun; Wang, Yong] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Wang, Yong] Washington State Univ, Gene & Linda Voiland Sch Chem Engn & Bioengn, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Wang, Y (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM yong.wang@pnnl.gov RI Shao, Yuyan/A-9911-2008; Park, Sehkyu/E-5153-2010; Wang, Yong/C-2344-2013 OI Shao, Yuyan/0000-0001-5735-2670; FU U.S. Department of Energy's (DOE's) Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy; DOE [DE-AC05-76L01830] FX This work is supported by the U.S. Department of Energy's (DOE's) Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Fuel Cell Technologies Program. PNNL is operated by Battelle for DOE under Contract DE-AC05-76L01830. NR 38 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 20 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0360-3199 J9 INT J HYDROGEN ENERG JI Int. J. Hydrog. Energy PD MAY PY 2012 VL 37 IS 10 BP 8451 EP 8458 DI 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2012.02.097 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels GA 955SE UT WOS:000305040400038 ER PT J AU Laurinavichene, TV Belokopytov, BF Laurinavichius, KS Khusnutdinova, AN Seibert, M Tsygankov, AA AF Laurinavichene, Tatyana V. Belokopytov, Boris F. Laurinavichius, Kestutis S. Khusnutdinova, Anna N. Seibert, Michael Tsygankov, Anatoly A. TI Towards the integration of dark- and photo-fermentative waste treatment. 4. Repeated batch sequential dark- and photofermentation using starch as substrate SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY LA English DT Article DE Dark fermentation; Repeated batch cultivation; Hydrogen production; Integrated system; Purple photosynthetic bacteria ID BIO-HYDROGEN PRODUCTION; PHOTOSYNTHETIC BACTERIUM; RHODOBACTER-CAPSULATUS; BIOHYDROGEN PRODUCTION; CLOSTRIDIUM-BUTYRICUM; H-2 PRODUCTION; PHOTOPRODUCTION; 2-STAGE; CULTURE; GLUCOSE AB In this study we demonstrated the technical feasibility of a prolonged, sequential two-stage integrated process under a repeated batch mode of starch fermentation. In this durable scheme, the photobioreactor with purple bacteria in the second stage was fed directly with dark culture from the first stage without centrifugation, filtration, or sterilization (not demonstrated previously). After preliminary optimization, both the dark- and the photo-stages were performed under repeated batch modes with different process parameters. Continuous H-2 production in this system was observed at a H-2 yield of up to 1.4 and 3.9 mole mole(-1) hexose during the dark- and photo-stage, respectively (for a total of 5.3 mole mole(-1) hexose), and rates of 0.9 and 0.5 L L-1 d(-1), respectively. Prolonged repeated batch H-2 production was maintained for up to 90 days in each stage and was rather stable under non-aseptic conditions. Potential for improvements in these results are discussed. Copyright (C) 2012, Hydrogen Energy Publications, LLC. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Laurinavichene, Tatyana V.; Khusnutdinova, Anna N.; Tsygankov, Anatoly A.] Russian Acad Sci, Inst Basic Biol Problems, Pushchino 142290, Moscow Region, Russia. [Belokopytov, Boris F.; Laurinavichius, Kestutis S.] Russian Acad Sci, Inst Biochem & Physiol Microorganisms, Pushchino 142290, Moscow Region, Russia. [Seibert, Michael] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Energy Sci Directorate, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Khusnutdinova, AN (reprint author), Russian Acad Sci, Inst Basic Biol Problems, Inst Skaya St 2, Pushchino 142290, Moscow Region, Russia. EM hvosta@gmail.com RI Tsygankov, Anatoly/K-6541-2013 OI Tsygankov, Anatoly/0000-0003-2376-5658 FU Russian Academy of Sciences [7]; Russian Foundation for Basic Research [11-04-01383]; NREL (Golden, CO, USA) [AFA-0-99178-01]; US Department of Energy under NREL [DE-AC36-08-GO28308]; NREL FX This work was supported by the Program for Basic Research, Russian Academy of Sciences #7 (AAT); the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (11-04-01383; TVL); NREL subcontract AFA-0-99178-01 (Golden, CO, USA; AAT); and by the US Department of Energy's Fuel Cell Technology Program under NREL's Contract #DE-AC36-08-GO28308 (MS). M.S. also acknowledges support from the NREL pension program. We would like to thank Dr. Jianguo Liu (Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China) for organizing an expedition to sample ocean waters in the Yellow Sea to isolate new strains of PNSB (including R. sphaeroides N7 used in the current study). Finally MS would like to mention that the information reported in this article was generated as a part of the International Energy Agency (IEA), Hydrogen Implementing Agreement (HIA) Task 21 Program on "Bio-inspired Hydrogen and Biological Hydrogen Production." NR 33 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 2 U2 21 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0360-3199 J9 INT J HYDROGEN ENERG JI Int. J. Hydrog. Energy PD MAY PY 2012 VL 37 IS 10 BP 8800 EP 8810 DI 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2012.01.132 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels GA 955SE UT WOS:000305040400073 ER PT J AU Kosourov, SN Batyrova, KA Petushkova, EP Tsygankov, AA Ghirardi, ML Seibert, M AF Kosourov, Sergey N. Batyrova, Khorcheska A. Petushkova, Ekaterina P. Tsygankov, Anatoly A. Ghirardi, Maria L. Seibert, Michael TI Maximizing the hydrogen photoproduction yields in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii cultures: The effect of the H-2 partial pressure SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY LA English DT Article DE Hydrogen photoproduction; Partial pressure; Sulfur and phosphorus deprivation; Green algae; Chlamydomonas reinhardtii ID GREEN-ALGA; ANAEROBIC CONDITIONS; LIGHT-INTENSITY; PHOTOSYSTEM-II; OXYGEN; CELLS; FERMENTATION; EXPRESSION; PROSPECTS; PATHWAYS AB Photoproduction of H-2 gas has been examined in sulfur/phosphorus-deprived Chalmydomonas reinhardtii cultures, placed in photobioreactors (PhBRs) with different gas phase to liquid phase ratios (V-g.p/V-l.p). The results demonstrate that an increase in the ratio stimulates H-2 photoproduction activity in both algal suspension cultures and in algae entrapped in thin alginate films. In suspension cultures, a 4x increase (from similar to 0.5 to similar to 2) in V-g.p/V-l.p in a 2x increase (from 10.8 to 23.1 mmol l(-1) or 264-565 ml l(-1)) in the total yield of H-2 gas. Remarkably, 565 ml of H-2 gas per liter of the suspension culture is the highest yield ever reported for a wild-type strain in a time period of less than 190 h. In immobilized algae, where diffusion of H-2 from the medium to the PhBR gas phase is not affected by mixing, the maximum rate and yield of H-2 photoproduction occur in PhBRs with V-g.p/V-l.p above 7 or in a PhBR with smaller headspace, if the H-2 is effectively removed from the medium by continuous flushing of the headspace with argon. These experiments in combination with studies of the direct inhibitory effect of high H-2 concentrations in the PhBR headspace on H-2 photoproduction activity in algal cultures clearly show that H-2 photoproduction in algae depends significantly on the partial pressure of H-2 (not O-2 as previously thought) in the PhBR gas phase. Copyright (C) 2012, Hydrogen Energy Publications, LLC. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Kosourov, Sergey N.; Batyrova, Khorcheska A.; Petushkova, Ekaterina P.; Tsygankov, Anatoly A.] Inst Basic Biol Problems RAS, Pushchino 142290, Moscow Region, Russia. [Kosourov, Sergey N.; Ghirardi, Maria L.; Seibert, Michael] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Kosourov, SN (reprint author), Inst Basic Biol Problems RAS, Inst Skaya 2, Pushchino 142290, Moscow Region, Russia. EM skosourov@gmail.com; mike.seibert@nrel.gov RI Kosourov, Sergey/C-6682-2009; Tsygankov, Anatoly/K-6541-2013; Kosourov, Sergey/A-1659-2016 OI Kosourov, Sergey/0000-0003-4025-8041; Tsygankov, Anatoly/0000-0003-2376-5658; Kosourov, Sergey/0000-0003-4025-8041 FU NREL (Golden, CO, USA) [AFA-0-99181-01]; US Department of Energy under NREL [DE-AC36-08-GO28308]; NREL FX The first author (S.N.K.) would like to thank Dr. Tat'yana V. Laurinavichene (IBBP RAS, Pushchino, Russia) who attracted his attention to this interesting research field and who provided him with useful advice throughout the experimental work. This work was supported by NREL subcontract AFA-0-99181-01 (Golden, CO, USA; SNK) and by the US Department of Energy's Fuel Cell Technology Program under NREL's Contract #DE-AC36-08-GO28308 (MG and MS). MS also acknowledges support from the NREL pension program. The information reported in this article was generated as a part of the International Energy Agency (IEA), Hydrogen Implementing Agreement (HIA) Task 21 Program on Bio-inspired Hydrogen and Biological Hydrogen Production. NR 36 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 27 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0360-3199 J9 INT J HYDROGEN ENERG JI Int. J. Hydrog. Energy PD MAY PY 2012 VL 37 IS 10 BP 8850 EP 8858 DI 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2012.01.082 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels GA 955SE UT WOS:000305040400079 ER PT J AU Steeb, JL Mertz, CJ Sandi, G Bass, DA Graczyk, DG Goldberg, MM AF Steeb, Jennifer L. Mertz, Carol J. Sandi, Giselle Bass, Dean A. Graczyk, Donald G. Goldberg, Margaret M. TI Microseparations of cesium and barium in glass SO JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Separation; Cesium; Barium; Glass; Age dating; ICP-MS AB A chemical micro-separation of Cs and Ba in complex glass with a high lanthanide content is presented. High purity silica, with and without Cs and Ba fortification, was subjected to identical dissolution, microseparation, and analysis as a control glass matrix. Dissolution was performed with hot concentrated nitric and hydrofluoric acids followed by fluoride complexation with boric acid, evolution of excess boric acid as methyl borate, and finally conversion to soluble nitrate species in 3 M nitric acid. Separation was performed with a miniature gas pressurized extraction chromatography system using a column packed with Eichrom Sr resin (TM). High purity 3 M nitric acid was used to rinse Cs through the column and high purity 1% acetic acid was used to strip Ba from the resin. Quantitative recovery of both Cs (99.5 +/- 0.7%) and Ba (99.1 +/- 2.0%) was achieved in the lanthanide glass matrix and no statistically significant difference was observed in Cs or Ba recovery in the control high purity silica. C1 [Steeb, Jennifer L.; Mertz, Carol J.; Sandi, Giselle; Bass, Dean A.; Graczyk, Donald G.; Goldberg, Margaret M.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Steeb, JL (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM steeb@anl.gov FU Department of Homeland Security; NTNFC; U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science laboratory [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX We would like to thank Bill Ebert (Argonne) and James Marra (Savannah River) for the lanthanide glass. We would also like to thank Bill Ulicny from Department of Homeland Security and the NTNFC program for funding this nuclear forensics research. Also, many thanks to Laura Skubal (Argonne) for use of the ICPMS. The submitted manuscript has been created by UChicago Argonne, LLC, Operator of Argonne National Laboratory ("Argonne"). Argonne, a U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science laboratory, is operated under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. NR 5 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 11 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0236-5731 J9 J RADIOANAL NUCL CH JI J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 292 IS 2 BP 757 EP 762 DI 10.1007/s10967-011-1492-1 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 958IN UT WOS:000305230100036 ER PT J AU Gilbertson, S Durakiewicz, T Zhu, JX Mohite, AD Dattelbaum, A Rodriguez, G AF Gilbertson, Steve Durakiewicz, Tomasz Zhu, Jian-Xin Mohite, Aditya D. Dattelbaum, Andrew Rodriguez, George TI Direct measurement of quasiparticle lifetimes in graphene using time-resolved photoemission SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY B LA English DT Article ID ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; GRAPHITE AB Graphene has attracted much interest for its potential applications due to its unique band structure. Although much work with graphene has recently been conducted in the time domain, questions about how the electronic properties of graphene behave in the vicinity of the linearly dispersive region remain. In this experiment, the authors use the technique of time-resolved photoemission to directly measure quasiparticle lifetimes. The results are in qualitative agreement with the predictions of a tight-binding model where lifetime is evaluated from the imaginary part of the electron self-energy. The results indicate that the excited carriers decay faster at higher excitation energies-an effect the authors attribute to increasing phase space for electron-electron and electron-phonon interactions for energies away from the Dirac point. (C) 2012 American Vacuum Society. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1116/1.4715440] C1 [Gilbertson, Steve; Dattelbaum, Andrew; Rodriguez, George] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Mat Phys & Applicat Div, Ctr Integrated Nanotechnol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Zhu, Jian-Xin] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Mohite, Aditya D.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Chem, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Gilbertson, S (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Mat Phys & Applicat Div, Ctr Integrated Nanotechnol, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM steveg@lanl.gov RI Gilbertson, Steve/D-4229-2013; Rodriguez, George/G-7571-2012; OI Rodriguez, George/0000-0002-6044-9462; Zhu, Jianxin/0000-0001-7991-3918 FU Los Alamos National Laboratory under Department of Energy [DE-AC52-06NA25396] FX Funding for this work was provided by the Laboratory Directed Research and Development program at Los Alamos National Laboratory under the auspices of the Department of Energy for Los Alamos National Security LLC under Contract No. DE-AC52-06NA25396. The authors thank the Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Los Alamos National Laboratory for providing the graphene samples used in this work. NR 39 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 16 PU A V S AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 1071-1023 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL B JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B PD MAY-JUN PY 2012 VL 30 IS 3 AR 03D116 DI 10.1116/1.4715440 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics GA 955SU UT WOS:000305042000056 ER PT J AU Knudsen, E Richardson, ES Doran, EM Pitsch, H Chen, JH AF Knudsen, E. Richardson, E. S. Doran, E. M. Pitsch, H. Chen, J. H. TI Modeling scalar dissipation and scalar variance in large eddy simulation: Algebraic and transport equation closures SO PHYSICS OF FLUIDS LA English DT Article DE algebra; chemically reactive flow; computational fluid dynamics; flames; flow simulation; ignition; jets; numerical analysis; organic compounds; turbulence ID PREMIXED TURBULENT COMBUSTION; DIFFERENTIAL DIFFUSION; FLOWS; FLAMES; JETS AB Scalar dissipation rates and subfilter scalar variances are important modeling parameters in large eddy simulations (LES) of reacting flows. Currently available models capture the general behavior of these parameters, but these models do not always perform with the degree of accuracy that is needed for predictive LES. Here, two direct numerical simulations (DNS) are used to analyze LES dissipation rate and variance models, and to propose a new model for the dissipation rate that is based on a transport equation. The first DNS that is considered is a non-premixed auto-igniting C2H4 jet flame simulation originally performed by Yoo [Proc. Combust. Inst. 33, 1619-1627 (2011)]. A LES of this case is run using algebraic models for the dissipation rate and subfilter variance. It is shown that the algebraic models fail to adequately reproduce the DNS results. This motivates the introduction of a transport equation model for the LES dissipation rate. Closure of the equation is addressed by formulating a new adapted dynamic approach. This approach borrows dynamically computed information from LES quantities that, unlike the dissipation rate, do not reside on the smallest flow length scales. The adapted dynamic approach is analyzed by considering a second DNS of scalar mixing in homogeneous isotropic turbulence. Data from this second DNS are used to confirm that the adapted dynamic approach successfully closes the dissipation rate equation over a wide range of LES filter widths. The first reacting jet case is then returned to and used to test the LES transport equation models. The transport equation model for the dissipation rate is shown to be more accurate than its algebraic counterpoint, and the dissipation rate is eliminated as a source of error in the transported variance model. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4711369] C1 [Knudsen, E.] Stanford Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Richardson, E. S.] Univ Southampton, Fac Engn & Environm, Southampton SO17 1BJ, Hants, England. [Doran, E. M.] Robert Bosch RTC, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA. [Pitsch, H.] Inst Tech Verbrennung, D-52056 Aachen, Germany. [Chen, J. H.] Sandia Natl Labs, Combust Res Facil, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Knudsen, E (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. EM ewk@stanford.edu RI Pitsch, Heinz/E-1082-2014 OI Pitsch, Heinz/0000-0001-5656-0961 FU United States Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR); National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) FX Support from the United States Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR), and from the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) is gratefully acknowledged. NR 38 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 28 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-6631 J9 PHYS FLUIDS JI Phys. Fluids PD MAY PY 2012 VL 24 IS 5 AR 055103 DI 10.1063/1.4711369 PG 24 WC Mechanics; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Mechanics; Physics GA 952WR UT WOS:000304826100029 ER PT J AU Bar, KJ Tsao, CY Iyer, SS Decker, JM Yang, YP Bonsignori, M Chen, X Hwang, KK Montefiori, DC Liao, HX Hraber, P Fischer, W Li, H Wang, SY Sterrett, S Keele, BF Ganusov, VV Perelson, AS Korber, BT Georgiev, I McLellan, JS Pavlicek, JW Gao, F Haynes, BF Hahn, BH Kwong, PD Shaw, GM AF Bar, Katharine J. Tsao, Chun-yen Iyer, Shilpa S. Decker, Julie M. Yang, Yongping Bonsignori, Mattia Chen, Xi Hwang, Kwan-Ki Montefiori, David C. Liao, Hua-Xin Hraber, Peter Fischer, William Li, Hui Wang, Shuyi Sterrett, Sarah Keele, Brandon F. Ganusov, Vitaly V. Perelson, Alan S. Korber, Bette T. Georgiev, Ivelin McLellan, Jason S. Pavlicek, Jeffrey W. Gao, Feng Haynes, Barton F. Hahn, Beatrice H. Kwong, Peter D. Shaw, George M. TI Early Low-Titer Neutralizing Antibodies Impede HIV-1 Replication and Select for Virus Escape SO PLOS PATHOGENS LA English DT Article ID SUBTYPE-C INFECTION; TYPE-1 INFECTION; RHESUS MACAQUES; VIRAL DYNAMICS; CELL RESPONSE; T-LYMPHOCYTES; CTL ESCAPE; IN-VIVO; GP120; ENVELOPE AB Single genome sequencing of early HIV-1 genomes provides a sensitive, dynamic assessment of virus evolution and insight into the earliest anti-viral immune responses in vivo. By using this approach, together with deep sequencing, site-directed mutagenesis, antibody adsorptions and virus-entry assays, we found evidence in three subjects of neutralizing antibody (Nab) responses as early as 2 weeks post-seroconversion, with Nab titers as low as 1:20 to 1:50 (IC50) selecting for virus escape. In each of the subjects, Nabs targeted different regions of the HIV-1 envelope (Env) in a strain-specific, conformationally sensitive manner. In subject CH40, virus escape was first mediated by mutations in the V1 region of the Env, followed by V3. HIV-1 specific monoclonal antibodies from this subject mapped to an immunodominant region at the base of V3 and exhibited neutralizing patterns indistinguishable from polyclonal antibody responses, indicating V1-V3 interactions within the Env trimer. In subject CH77, escape mutations mapped to the V2 region of Env, several of which selected for alterations of glycosylation. And in subject CH58, escape mutations mapped to the Env outer domain. In all three subjects, initial Nab recognition was followed by sequential rounds of virus escape and Nab elicitation, with Nab escape variants exhibiting variable costs to replication fitness. Although delayed in comparison with autologous CD8 T-cell responses, our findings show that Nabs appear earlier in HIV-1 infection than previously recognized, target diverse sites on HIV-1 Env, and impede virus replication at surprisingly low titers. The unexpected in vivo sensitivity of early transmitted/founder virus to Nabs raises the possibility that similarly low concentrations of vaccine-induced Nabs could impair virus acquisition in natural HIV-1 transmission, where the risk of infection is low and the number of viruses responsible for transmission and productive clinical infection is typically one. C1 [Bar, Katharine J.; Iyer, Shilpa S.; Li, Hui; Wang, Shuyi; Hahn, Beatrice H.; Shaw, George M.] Univ Penn, Perelman Sch Med, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Tsao, Chun-yen; Bonsignori, Mattia; Chen, Xi; Hwang, Kwan-Ki; Montefiori, David C.; Liao, Hua-Xin; Pavlicek, Jeffrey W.; Gao, Feng; Haynes, Barton F.] Duke Univ, Sch Med, Durham, NC USA. [Decker, Julie M.; Sterrett, Sarah] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Birmingham, AL USA. [Yang, Yongping; Georgiev, Ivelin; McLellan, Jason S.; Kwong, Peter D.] NIAID, Vaccine Res Ctr, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Hraber, Peter; Fischer, William; Perelson, Alan S.; Korber, Bette T.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA. [Keele, Brandon F.] NCI, SAIC Frederick Inc, Frederick, MD 21701 USA. [Ganusov, Vitaly V.] Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN USA. RP Bar, KJ (reprint author), Univ Penn, Perelman Sch Med, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. EM shawg@upenn.edu OI Ganusov, Vitaly/0000-0001-6572-1691; Fischer, Will/0000-0003-4579-4062; Korber, Bette/0000-0002-2026-5757; Hraber, Peter/0000-0002-2920-4897 FU NIH Center for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Immunology; NIH Vaccine Research Center; NIH [AI67854, AI61734, AI27767, AI50410, AI64518, AI41530, AI028433, RR006555]; DOE [DE-AC52-06NA25396]; Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation [37874] FX This work was supported by the NIH Center for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Immunology; the Intramural Program of the NIH Vaccine Research Center; NIH grants AI67854, AI61734, AI27767, AI50410, AI64518, AI41530, AI028433 and RR006555; DOE contract DE-AC52-06NA25396; and the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation Grand Challenges Program (#37874). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 77 TC 69 Z9 69 U1 0 U2 13 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1553-7374 J9 PLOS PATHOG JI PLoS Pathog. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 8 IS 5 AR e1002721 DI 10.1371/journal.ppat.1002721 PG 20 WC Microbiology; Parasitology; Virology SC Microbiology; Parasitology; Virology GA 959OS UT WOS:000305322900054 PM 22693447 ER PT J AU Cao, GH Yao, PP Alan, MR AF Cao Guanghui Yao Peipei Alan, Russell M. TI TEM Characterization of Pt plus gamma '-Ni3Al+gamma-Ni/CMSX-4 Coating Microstructure SO RARE METAL MATERIALS AND ENGINEERING LA Chinese DT Article DE gamma '-Ni3Al+gamma-Ni coating; topologically close-packed (TCP) phase; twinning; transmission electron microscopy ID THERMAL BARRIER COATINGS; SINGLE-CRYSTAL SUPERALLOYS; OXIDATION BEHAVIOR; INTERDIFFUSION; PLATINUM; ALLOYS; DESIGN; PHASE AB Pt+gamma'-Ni3Al+gamma-Ni/CMSX-4 coatings were fabricated by Pt electroplating on CMSX-4 single crystal superalloys substrate and followed by an aluminizing pack cementation process. The microstructure of the Pt+gamma'-Ni3Al+gamma-Ni/CMSX-4 coating was studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). TEM investigation showed that {111} twinning exists in the gamma'-Ni3Al phase, Pt was mainly distributed in the gamma'-Ni3Al. Precipitates were observed in the coatings. Selected area electron diffraction (SAED) reveals that the precipitate was the hexagonal topologically close-packed (TCP) mu phase with lattice parameters alpha=0.473 nm, and c=2.565 nm. Twin domains parallel to (001) and (10 (2) over bar) twinning were found in the mu phase and their formations were discussed. C1 [Cao Guanghui] Shanghai Univ, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Dept Mat Engn, Shanghai 200072, Peoples R China. [Alan, Russell M.] Iowa State Univ, US DOE, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Alan, Russell M.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Cao, GH (reprint author), Shanghai Univ, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Dept Mat Engn, Shanghai 200072, Peoples R China. EM ghcao@shu.edu.cn NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 8 PU NORTHWEST INST NONFERROUS METAL RESEARCH PI SHAANXI PA C/O RARE METAL MATERIAL ENGINEERING PRESS, PO BOX 51, XIAN, SHAANXI 710016, PEOPLES R CHINA SN 1002-185X J9 RARE METAL MAT ENG JI Rare Metal Mat. Eng. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 41 IS 5 BP 847 EP 850 PG 4 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 959HM UT WOS:000305303500020 ER PT J AU Dewberry, RA Young, JE AF Dewberry, R. A. Young, J. E. TI Four pi calibration and modeling of a bare germanium detector in a cylindrical field source SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article ID SAVANNA RIVER SITE; HOLDUP AB In this paper we describe a 4 pi cylindrical field acquisition configuration surrounding a bare (un-shielded, uncollimated) high purity germanium detector. We perform an efficiency calibration with a flexible planar source and model the configuration in the 4 pi cylindrical field. We then use exact calculus to model the flux on the cylindrical sides and end faces of the detector. We demonstrate that the model accurately represents the experimental detection efficiency compared to that of a point source and to Monte Carlo N-particle (MCNP) calculations of the flux. The model sums over the entire source surface area and the entire detector surface area including both faces and the detector's cylindrical sides. Agreement between the model and both experiment and the MCNP calculation is within 8%. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4718374] C1 [Dewberry, R. A.; Young, J. E.] Savannah River Natl Lab, Aiken, SC 29808 USA. RP Dewberry, RA (reprint author), Savannah River Natl Lab, Aiken, SC 29808 USA. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 83 IS 5 AR 053503 DI 10.1063/1.4718374 PG 7 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 952VM UT WOS:000304821500024 PM 22667618 ER PT J AU Gentile, TR Bales, M Arp, U Dong, B Farrell, R AF Gentile, T. R. Bales, M. Arp, U. Dong, B. Farrell, R. TI Response of large area avalanche photodiodes to low energy x rays SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article ID INTENSE MAGNETIC-FIELDS; PHOTON DETECTION; SURF-III; PERFORMANCE; NEUTRON AB For an experiment to study neutron radiative beta-decay, we operated large area avalanche photodiodes (APDs) near liquid nitrogen temperature to detect x rays with energies between 0.2 keV and 20 keV. Whereas there are numerous reports of x ray spectrometry using APDs at energies above 1 keV, operation near liquid nitrogen temperature allowed us to reach a nominal threshold of 0.1 keV. However, due to the short penetration depth of x rays below 1 keV, the pulse height spectrum of the APD become complex. We studied the response using monochromatic x ray beams and employed phenomenological fits of the pulse height spectrum to model the measurement of a continuum spectrum from a synchrotron. In addition, the measured pulse height spectrum was modelled using a profile for the variation in efficiency of collection of photoelectrons with depth into the APD. The best results are obtained with the collection efficiency model. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4714348] C1 [Gentile, T. R.; Arp, U.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. [Bales, M.] Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48104 USA. [Dong, B.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Sotera Def Solut Inc, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Farrell, R.] RMD Inc, Watertown, MA 02472 USA. RP Gentile, TR (reprint author), NIST, Stop 8461, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. OI Arp, Uwe/0000-0002-6468-9455 FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-98CH10886] FX We thank P. Shaw, A. Farrell, and the entire SURF III staff for calculations of the SURF spectra and assistance with the measurements, K. Moy for assistance with the U3C measurements, Lee Richter for determination of the oxide layer thickness by ellipsometry, P. Shaw and M. S. Dewey for critical reading of the paper, and the entire neutron radiative decay collaboration for discussions. Use of the National Synchrotron Light Source, Brookhaven National Laboratory, was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886. NR 24 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 83 IS 5 AR 053105 DI 10.1063/1.4714348 PG 9 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 952VM UT WOS:000304821500006 PM 22667600 ER PT J AU McLean, AG Ahn, JW Maingi, R Gray, TK Roquemore, AL AF McLean, A. G. Ahn, J-W. Maingi, R. Gray, T. K. Roquemore, A. L. TI A dual-band adaptor for infrared imaging SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article ID DIFFRACTIVE LENS; EMISSIVITY; DIVERTOR AB A novel imaging adaptor providing the capability to extend a standard single-band infrared (IR) camera into a two-color or dual-band device has been developed for application to high-speed IR thermography on the National Spherical Tokamak Experiment (NSTX). Temperature measurement with two-band infrared imaging has the advantage of being mostly independent of surface emissivity, which may vary significantly in the liquid lithium divertor installed on NSTX as compared to that of an all-carbon first wall. In order to take advantage of the high-speed capability of the existing IR camera at NSTX (1.6-6.2 kHz frame rate), a commercial visible-range optical splitter was extensively modified to operate in the medium wavelength and long wavelength IR. This two-band IR adapter utilizes a dichroic beamsplitter, which reflects 4-6 mu m wavelengths and transmits 7-10 mu m wavelength radiation, each with >95% efficiency and projects each IR channel image side-by-side on the camera's detector. Cutoff filters are used in each IR channel, and ZnSe imaging optics and mirrors optimized for broadband IR use are incorporated into the design. In-situ and ex-situ temperature calibration and preliminary data of the NSTX divertor during plasma discharges are presented, with contrasting results for dual-band vs. single-band IR operation. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4717672] C1 [McLean, A. G.; Ahn, J-W.; Maingi, R.; Gray, T. K.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [McLean, A. G.; Roquemore, A. L.] Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP McLean, AG (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM amclean@pppl.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) [DE-AC05-00OR22725, DE-AC02-09CH11466] FX This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) (Contract Nos. DE-AC05-00OR22725 and DE-AC02-09CH11466). The authors would also like to thank Jeremy Graham and Martyn Reynolds of CAIRN Research, and Gary Herrit of II-VI Infrared for their advice and design expertise. Finally, the authors would like to extend individual thanks to Scott Gifford, Tom Holoman, Ron Jakober, and the rest of the Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory team for their technical assistance and effort. NR 25 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 16 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 EI 1089-7623 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 83 IS 5 AR 053706 DI 10.1063/1.4717672 PG 8 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 952VM UT WOS:000304821500030 PM 22667624 ER PT J AU Reiche, HM Vogel, SC Mosbrucker, P Larson, EJ Daymond, MR AF Reiche, H. M. Vogel, S. C. Mosbrucker, P. Larson, E. J. Daymond, M. R. TI A furnace with rotating load frame for in situ high temperature deformation and creep experiments in a neutron diffraction beam line SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article ID RIETVELD REFINEMENT; TEXTURE ANALYSIS; CRYSTALLOGRAPHIC TEXTURE; PHASE-TRANSFORMATION; ELASTIC STRAIN; DIFFRACTOMETER; ZIRCONIUM; SPECTRA; SYSTEM; HIPPO AB A resistive furnace combined with a load frame was built that allows for in situ neutron diffraction studies of high temperature deformation, in particular, creep. A maximum force of 2700 N can be applied at temperatures up to 1000 degrees C. A load control mode permits studies of, e. g., creep or phase transformations under applied uni-axial stress. In position control, a range of high temperature deformation experiments can be achieved. The examined specimen can be rotated up to 80 degrees around the vertical compression axis allowing texture measurements in the neutron time-of-flight diffractometer HIPPO (High Pressure - Preferred Orientation). We present results from the successful commissioning, deforming a Zr-2.5 wt.% Nb cylinder at 975 degrees C. The device is now available for the user program of the HIPPO diffractometer at the LANSCE (Los Alamos Neutron Science Center) user facility. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4708619] C1 [Reiche, H. M.; Vogel, S. C.; Mosbrucker, P.; Larson, E. J.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, LANSCE Lujan Ctr, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Reiche, H. M.] New Mexico State Univ, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. [Mosbrucker, P.; Daymond, M. R.] Queens Univ, Dept Mech & Mat Engn, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada. RP Reiche, HM (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, LANSCE Lujan Ctr, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Lujan Center, LANL/G-4896-2012; OI Mosbrucker, Paula/0000-0003-0262-7117; Vogel, Sven C./0000-0003-2049-0361; Daymond, Mark/0000-0001-6242-7489 FU NSERC; NSERC Industrial Research Chair in Nuclear Materials at Queen's University; U.S. Department of Energy's Office of Basic Energy Sciences; DOE [DE-AC52-06NA25396] FX We extend our appreciation to Dr. James Wall for the original design of the top plate, as well as to Dr. Frans Trouw for valuable discussions in the design phase. This work was partially funded by NSERC under a Research Tools and Instruments grant, and supported by the NSERC Industrial Research Chair in Nuclear Materials at Queen's University. This work has benefited from Lujan Neutron Scattering Center at LANSCE, which is funded by the U.S. Department of Energy's Office of Basic Energy Sciences. Los Alamos National Laboratory is operated by Los Alamos National Security LLC under DOE Contract No. DE-AC52-06NA25396. NR 34 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 11 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 83 IS 5 AR 053901 DI 10.1063/1.4708619 PG 7 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 952VM UT WOS:000304821500033 PM 22667627 ER PT J AU Arsenlis, A Rhee, M Hommes, G Cook, R Marian, J AF Arsenlis, A. Rhee, M. Hommes, G. Cook, R. Marian, J. TI A dislocation dynamics study of the transition from homogeneous to heterogeneous deformation in irradiated body-centered cubic iron SO ACTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article DE Dislocation dynamics; Plastic deformation; Modeling and simulation; Irradiated ferritic steels ID TENSILE DEFORMATION; DAMAGE; MICROSTRUCTURE; METALS; ALLOYS; LOOPS; CR; FE; SIMULATIONS; MOLYBDENUM AB Low temperature irradiation of crystalline materials is known to result in hardening and loss of ductility, which limits the usefulness of candidate materials in harsh nuclear environments. In body-centered cubic (bcc) metals, this mechanical property degradation is caused by the interaction of in-grown dislocations with irradiation defects, particularly small dislocation loops resulting from the microstructural evolution of displacement cascades. In this paper, we perform dislocation dynamics simulations of bcc Fe containing various concentrations of dislocation loops produced by irradiation in an attempt to gain insight into the processes that lead to hardening and embrittlement. We find that a transition from homogenous to highly localized deformation occurs at a critical loop density. Above it, plastic flow proceeds heterogeneously, creating defect-free channels in its wake. We find that channel initiation and size are mediated by loop coalescence resulting from elastic interactions with moving dislocations. (C) 2012 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Arsenlis, A.; Rhee, M.; Hommes, G.; Cook, R.; Marian, J.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Marian, J (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM marian1@llnl.gov FU US Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344]; Office of Nuclear Energy in the US Department of Energy FX Useful discussions with Dr M. Victoria and Prof. S. Mahajan are gratefully acknowledged. This work was performed under the auspices of the US Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. This work was funded by the Nuclear Energy Advanced Modeling and Simulation program within the Office of Nuclear Energy in the US Department of Energy. NR 33 TC 39 Z9 40 U1 6 U2 64 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6454 J9 ACTA MATER JI Acta Mater. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 60 IS 9 BP 3748 EP 3757 DI 10.1016/j.actamat.2012.03.041 PG 10 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 953CL UT WOS:000304844400008 ER PT J AU Kovarik, L Mills, MJ AF Kovarik, L. Mills, M. J. TI Ab initio analysis of Guinier-Preston-Bagaryatsky zone nucleation in Al-Cu-Mg alloys SO ACTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article DE Aluminum alloys; Nucleation of phase transformations; Metastable phases; Density functional ID AGED AL-CU-MG-(AG) ALLOYS; TOTAL-ENERGY CALCULATIONS; WAVE BASIS-SET; POSITRON-ANNIHILATION; ULTRASOFT PSEUDOPOTENTIALS; ALUMINUM-ALLOYS; PRECIPITATION; EVOLUTION; KINETICS; COMPLEX AB Due to the inherit difficulties associated with microstructure characterization in the early stages of aging, the origin of rapid hardening in Al-Cu-Mg alloys remains a poorly understood and controversial issue. This work addresses the precipitation processes in the early stages by ab initio modeling of Guinier-Preston-Bagaryatsky (GPB) zone nucleation. We derive the structural nature of GPB zone nuclei and establish that the nucleation starts with 1D-GPB(1) crystals, which represent thermodynamically stable configurations at the size scale previously associated only with solute clusters. It is also established that the 1D-GPB(1) can form very rapidly due a simple structural transition from face-centered-cubic-based configurations (clusters). The formation of GPB zones in the early stages of aging is validated by comparison with previous experimental measurements. Based on previous experimental evidence, it is postulated that GPB zones rather than solute clusters may be able to rationalize the rapid hardening in the Al-Cu-Mg alloys. (C) 2012 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Kovarik, L.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Mills, M. J.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. RP Kovarik, L (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM libor.kovarik@pnl.gov RI Mills, Michael/I-6413-2013; Kovarik, Libor/L-7139-2016 FU Ohio Supercomputer Center (OSC) [PAS0203-1]; Clean Energy Research Center Clean Vehicles Consortium (CERC-CVC) FX The first principles calculations were performed at the Ohio Supercomputer Center (OSC) under Grant #: PAS0203-1. Partial support for MJM provided by the Clean Energy Research Center Clean Vehicles Consortium (CERC-CVC). NR 35 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 27 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6454 EI 1873-2453 J9 ACTA MATER JI Acta Mater. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 60 IS 9 BP 3861 EP 3872 DI 10.1016/j.actamat.2012.03.044 PG 12 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 953CL UT WOS:000304844400018 ER PT J AU Wei, CT Nesterenko, VF Weihs, TP Remington, BA Park, HS Meyers, MA AF Wei, C. T. Nesterenko, V. F. Weihs, T. P. Remington, B. A. Park, H. -S. Meyers, M. A. TI Response of Ni/Al laminates to laser-driven compression SO ACTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article DE Laser; Nickel; Aluminum; Shock-induced reactions; Intermetallic phases ID MARTENSITIC-TRANSFORMATION; SHOCK COMPRESSION; STRAIN-RATE; EXOTHERMIC REACTIONS; EXTREME CONDITIONS; ALUMINUM-NICKEL; PHASE-FORMATION; PRESSURE; METALS; FOILS AB Ni/Al laminates with bilayer thicknesses in the micrometer (similar to 5 mu m) and nanometer (similar to 50 mu m) range were subjected to exothermic reactions induced by laser-driven compression. The initial shockless compression steepened into shock in the microscaled laminates generating a pressure pulse duration of several tens of nanoseconds, which induced strain rates varying from 10(7) to 10(8) s(-1). The laser energies applied, 650, 875, and 1305 J, generated peak compression stresses of 30, 75, and 118 GPa, respectively, at the plasma stagnated Al surface. Large differences in flow stresses and bulk compression moduli of Ni and Al introduced shear localization in the Ni/Al interfaces. The nanoscale Ni/Al laminates were fully reacted, producing NiAl with grain sizes less than 500 nm. The NiAl intermetallic phases, B2 (beta) phase (fcc) and martensitic phase (bcc), coexist in the NiAl nanograins. It was confirmed that the intermetallic reaction in the Ni/Al microlaminate cannot self-sustain for the short duration, laser-driven compressive loading. The intermetallics NiAl (equiaxed grains) and NiAl3 (dendrites) were identified on the plasma stagnated surface of Ni/Al microlaminates. The distribution of intermetallic phases varied according to the incident laser energies. (C) 2012 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Wei, C. T.; Nesterenko, V. F.; Meyers, M. A.] Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Weihs, T. P.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Remington, B. A.; Park, H. -S.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Meyers, MA (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. EM mameyers@ucsd.edu RI Weihs, Timothy/A-3313-2010; Meyers, Marc/A-2970-2016 OI Meyers, Marc/0000-0003-1698-5396 FU ONR MURI [N00014-07-1-0740]; Omega Facility of the Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester [DOE NLUF DE-F652-09NA29043] FX The authors wish to acknowledge the financial support of ONR MURI N00014-07-1-0740. They also thank the Calit2 Nano3 Lab and Scripps Institute of Oceanography for access to carry out the SEM observations. The help with transmission electron microscopy provided by Chia-Hui Lu was extremely valuable. Rain Luo at General Atomics played a key role in the preparation of the assemblies for laser compression. The laser experiments were conducted at the Omega Facility of the Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, through grant DOE NLUF DE-F652-09NA29043. The assistance provided by Dr. B.R. Maddox is gratefully acknowledged. The help by Yung-Chen Lin, Matthew Mechlenburg, and Noah Bodzin at UCLA is also gratefully appreciated. NR 51 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 2 U2 29 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6454 J9 ACTA MATER JI Acta Mater. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 60 IS 9 BP 3929 EP 3942 DI 10.1016/j.actamat.2012.03.028 PG 14 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 953CL UT WOS:000304844400025 ER PT J AU Achyuthan, KE Achyuthan, AM Brozik, SM Dirk, SM Lujan, TR Romero, JM Harper, JC AF Achyuthan, Komandoor E. Achyuthan, Ann M. Brozik, Susan M. Dirk, Shawn M. Lujan, Tracy R. Romero, Janet M. Harper, Jason C. TI Plasmonic Fluorescent Nanocomposites of Cyanines Self-assembled upon Gold Nanoparticle Scaffolds SO ANALYTICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID SPECTROSCOPIC PROPERTIES; COMPOSITE NANOPARTICLES; ENERGY-TRANSFER; J-AGGREGATE; DYE; SIZE; SURFACE AB Plasmonic fluorescent nanocomposites are difficult to prepare due to strong quenching effects on fluorophores in the vicinity of noble metal nanoparticles such as gold (AuNPs). We successfully prepared plasmonic fluorescent nanocomposites of two cyanines (1 and 2) aggregating upon 2-40 nm AuNPs or streptavidin-conjugated 10 nm AuNPs. We used high throughput screening (HTS) for the first time to characterize the spectral properties, aggregation kinetics, aggregation density and photostability of the nanocomposites. Fluorescence from nanocomposites declined inversely with AuNPs size: 40 nm >= 20 nm > 10 nm > 5 nm > 2 nm. Sensitivity (limit of detection, LOD, 10(5) - 10(11) AuNPs/mL), brightness of the nanocomposites and surface coverage of AuNPs by cyanine aggregates were all influenced by five factors: 1) AuNPs size; 2) cyanine type (1 or 2); 3) aggregate density; 4) distance between aggregates and AuNPs surface; and 5) streptavidin protein conjugation to AuNPs. We propose a model for plasmonic fluorescent nanocomposites based on these observations. Our plasmonic fluorescent nanocomposites have applications in chemical and biological assays. C1 [Achyuthan, Komandoor E.; Brozik, Susan M.] Sandia Natl Labs, Biosensors & Nanomat Dept, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Achyuthan, Ann M.; Lujan, Tracy R.; Romero, Janet M.] No New Mexico Coll, Dept Biol, Espanola, NM 87532 USA. [Dirk, Shawn M.] Sandia Natl Labs, Organ Mat Dept, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Harper, Jason C.] Sandia Natl Labs, Bioenergy & Def Technol Dept, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Achyuthan, KE (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Biosensors & Nanomat Dept, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM kachyut@sandia.gov FU United States Department of Energy [DE-AC04-94AL85000]; Defense Threat Reduction Agency Joint Science and Technology Office (DTRA-JSTO) [MIPR9FO89XR052-0, AA07CBT008]; Sandia National Laboratories [95645]; Sandia's Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) [130782] FX Sandia is a multiprogram laboratory operated by Sandia Corporation, a Lockheed Martin Company, for the United States Department of Energy under Contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. K. E. A. thanks the Defense Threat Reduction Agency Joint Science and Technology Office (DTRA-JSTO) for funding these investigations through Project #MIPR9FO89XR052-0, contract #AA07CBT008. This work was also partially supported by Sandia National Laboratories' Program Development Project #95645 (K. E. A. and J. C. H.) and by Sandia's Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) Project #130782 (SMB). We thank Dr. Thayne Edwards for photography and Prof. David Whitten for gift of cyanines and valuable discussions. NR 26 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 16 PU JAPAN SOC ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY PI TOKYO PA 26-2 NISHIGOTANDA 1 CHOME SHINAGAWA-KU, TOKYO, 141, JAPAN SN 0910-6340 J9 ANAL SCI JI Anal. Sci. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 28 IS 5 BP 433 EP 438 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA 951MF UT WOS:000304724000001 PM 22687920 ER PT J AU Kang-Sickel, JC Adams, LS Guyton, KZ Makris, SL AF Kang-Sickel, J. C. Adams, L. S. Guyton, K. Z. Makris, S. L. TI Survey of Developmental Toxicity Outcomes Attributed to a Single Dose or Limited-Duration Exposure SO BIRTH DEFECTS RESEARCH PART A-CLINICAL AND MOLECULAR TERATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Kang-Sickel, J. C.] Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Washington, DC USA. [Adams, L. S.] Amer Assoc Advancement Sci, Washington, DC USA. [Kang-Sickel, J. C.; Adams, L. S.; Guyton, K. Z.; Makris, S. L.] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Washington, DC 20460 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1542-0752 EI 1542-0760 J9 BIRTH DEFECTS RES A JI Birth Defects Res. Part A-Clin. Mol. Teratol. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 94 IS 5 SI SI BP 350 EP 350 PG 1 WC Developmental Biology; Toxicology SC Developmental Biology; Toxicology GA 956FF UT WOS:000305074800111 ER PT J AU Salvadori, MC Teixeira, FS Araujo, WWR Sgubin, LG Brown, IG AF Salvadori, M. C. Teixeira, F. S. Araujo, W. W. R. Sgubin, L. G. Brown, I. G. TI Interface tailoring for adhesion enhancement of diamond-like carbon thin films SO DIAMOND AND RELATED MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE Diamond-like carbon; Interface tailoring; Enhanced adhesion; Ion bombardment ID DYNAMIC COMPOSITION CHANGES; IMMERSION ION-IMPLANTATION; AMORPHOUS-CARBON; ARC DEPOSITION; SIMULATION; SCRATCH; VACUUM; STRESS; GROWTH; TRIDYN AB We have explored the suitability and characteristics of interface tailoring as a tool for enhancing the adhesion of hydrogen-free diamond-like carbon (DLC) thin films to silicon substrates. DLC films were deposited on silicon with and without application of an initial high energy carbon ion bombardment phase that formed a broad Si-C interface of gradually changing Si:C composition. The interface depth profile was calculated using the TRIDYN simulation program, revealing a gradient of carbon concentration including a region with the stoichiometry of silicon carbide. DLC films on silicon, with and without interface tailoring, were characterized using Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy and scratch tests. The Raman spectroscopy results indicated sp3-type carbon bonding content of up to 80%. Formation of a broadened Si:C interface as formed here significantly enhances the adhesion of DLC films to the underlying silicon substrate. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Salvadori, M. C.; Teixeira, F. S.; Araujo, W. W. R.; Sgubin, L. G.] Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Phys, BR-05315970 Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Brown, I. G.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Salvadori, MC (reprint author), Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Phys, CP 66318, BR-05315970 Sao Paulo, Brazil. EM mcsalva@if.usp.br RI Salvadori, Maria Cecilia/A-9379-2013; Teixeira, Fernanda/A-9395-2013 FU NUS; [R284000087112] FX This research work is funded by R284000087112 and Y. M. Foong would like to acknowledge the funding support from NUS Research Scholarship. NR 16 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 21 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0925-9635 J9 DIAM RELAT MATER JI Diam. Relat. Mat. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 25 BP 8 EP 12 DI 10.1016/j.diamond.2012.02.005 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 951RE UT WOS:000304736900004 ER PT J AU Bai, M Miskowiec, A Hansen, FY Taub, H Jenkins, T Tyagi, M Diallo, SO Mamontov, E Herwig, KW Wang, SK AF Bai, M. Miskowiec, A. Hansen, F. Y. Taub, H. Jenkins, T. Tyagi, M. Diallo, S. O. Mamontov, E. Herwig, K. W. Wang, S. -K. TI Study of water diffusion on single-supported bilayer lipid membranes by quasielastic neutron scattering SO EPL LA English DT Article ID DEUTERON MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; HYDRATION; STATE AB High-energy-resolution quasielastic neutron scattering has been used to elucidate the diffusion of water molecules in proximity to single bilayer lipid membranes supported on a silicon substrate. By varying sample temperature, level of hydration, and deuteration, we identify three different types of diffusive water motion: bulk-like, confined, and bound. The motion of bulk-like and confined water molecules is fast compared to those bound to the lipid head groups (7-10 H2O molecules per lipid), which move on the same nanosecond time scale as H atoms within the lipid molecules. Copyright (C) EPLA, 2012 C1 [Bai, M.; Miskowiec, A.; Hansen, F. Y.; Taub, H.; Wang, S. -K.] Univ Missouri, Dept Phys & Astron, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Bai, M.; Miskowiec, A.; Hansen, F. Y.; Taub, H.; Wang, S. -K.] Univ Missouri, Univ Missouri Res Reactor, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Jenkins, T.; Tyagi, M.] NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. [Tyagi, M.] Univ Maryland, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Diallo, S. O.; Mamontov, E.; Herwig, K. W.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Spallat Neutron Source, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Hansen, F. Y.] Tech Univ Denmark, Dept Chem, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark. [Wang, S. -K.] Ctr Comprehens Canc, Palm Springs, CA 92263 USA. RP Bai, M (reprint author), Univ Missouri, Dept Phys & Astron, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. EM taubh@missouri.edu RI Tyagi, Madhu Sudan/M-4693-2014; Mamontov, Eugene/Q-1003-2015; Diallo, Souleymane/B-3111-2016 OI Tyagi, Madhu Sudan/0000-0002-4364-7176; Mamontov, Eugene/0000-0002-5684-2675; Diallo, Souleymane/0000-0002-3369-8391 FU U.S. National Science Foundation [DMR-0705974, DGE-1069091]; NSF [DMR-0944772]; Scientific User Facilities Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy FX This work was supported by the U.S. National Science Foundation under Grant Nos. DMR-0705974 and DGE-1069091 and utilized facilities supported in part by the NSF under agreement No. DMR-0944772. A portion of this research at Oak Ridge National Laboratory's Spallation Neutron Source was sponsored by the Scientific User Facilities Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy. We thank DAN A. NEUMANN and IOAN KOSZTIN for helpful discussions. NR 24 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 14 PU EPL ASSOCIATION, EUROPEAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY PI MULHOUSE PA 6 RUE DES FRERES LUMIERE, MULHOUSE, 68200, FRANCE SN 0295-5075 J9 EPL-EUROPHYS LETT JI EPL PD MAY PY 2012 VL 98 IS 4 AR 48006 DI 10.1209/0295-5075/98/48006 PG 6 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 953XO UT WOS:000304907300046 ER PT J AU Kato, Y Al-Hassanieh, KA Feiguin, AE Timmermans, E Batista, CD AF Kato, Yasuyuki Al-Hassanieh, K. A. Feiguin, A. E. Timmermans, Eddy Batista, C. D. TI Novel polaron state for single impurity in a bosonic Mott insulator SO EPL LA English DT Article ID QUANTUM RENORMALIZATION-GROUPS; BOSE-EINSTEIN CONDENSATE; OPTICAL LATTICES; ATOMS; TRANSITION; SUPERFLUID; PHYSICS; GAS AB We show that a single impurity embedded in a cold-atom bosonic Mott insulator leads to a novel polaron that exhibits correlated motion with an effective mass and a linear size that nearly diverge at a critical value of the on-site impurity-boson interaction strength. Cold-atom technology can tune the polaron's properties and break up the composite particle into a deconfined impurity-hole and boson particle state at finite, controllable polaron momentum. Copyright (C) EPLA, 2012 C1 [Kato, Yasuyuki; Al-Hassanieh, K. A.; Timmermans, Eddy; Batista, C. D.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Ctr Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Al-Hassanieh, K. A.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Nanophase Mat Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Feiguin, A. E.] Univ Wyoming, Dept Phys & Astron, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. RP Kato, Y (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Ctr Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Batista, Cristian/J-8008-2016 FU U.S. DOE through the LDRD [DE-AC52-06NA25396]; NSF [DMR-0955707]; DOE; Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences; Scientific User Facilities Division, Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy (DOE); UT-Battelle FX We are grateful to S. A. TRUGMAN for many useful discussions. Work at the LANL was performed under the auspices of the U.S. DOE contract No. DE-AC52-06NA25396 through the LDRD program. AEF thanks NSF for support through Grant No. DMR-0955707. KAA-H is supported by the DOE Early Career Research Program, and the Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, sponsored by the Scientific User Facilities Division, Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), under contract with UT-Battelle. NR 24 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 5 PU EPL ASSOCIATION, EUROPEAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY PI MULHOUSE PA 6 RUE DES FRERES LUMIERE, MULHOUSE, 68200, FRANCE SN 0295-5075 J9 EPL-EUROPHYS LETT JI EPL PD MAY PY 2012 VL 98 IS 4 AR 46003 DI 10.1209/0295-5075/98/46003 PG 5 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 953XO UT WOS:000304907300027 ER PT J AU Wang, DP Chen, X Nie, ZH Li, N Wang, ZL Ren, Y Wang, YD AF Wang, D. P. Chen, X. Nie, Z. H. Li, N. Wang, Z. L. Ren, Y. Wang, Y. D. TI Transition in superelasticity for Ni55-xCoxFe18Ga27 alloys due to strain glass transition SO EPL LA English DT Article ID SHAPE-MEMORY ALLOYS; FIELD-INDUCED STRAIN; NI-GA; CO AB Here we report a transition in superelastic hysteresis loop from sharp with plateau to smooth without plateau for a Ni55-xCoxFe18Ga27 (x=0-12) alloy system with increasing Co substituting for Ni up to 10 at.%. With the Co content reaching 10 at.%, the alloy exhibits the obvious characteristic of the strain glass transition, i.e., the frequency-dependent shift in temperature of the internal friction peak and frequency-dependent dip temperature, T-g, of the storage modulus following the Vogel-Fulcher relationship. The high-energy X-ray diffraction provides the direct evidence that the smooth hysteresis loops stem from a finite avalanche martensite transformation mode, inducing a long-range inhomogeneous stress field in the remained parent phase during deformation. Copyright (C) EPLA, 2012 C1 [Wang, D. P.; Chen, X.; Nie, Z. H.; Li, N.; Wang, Z. L.; Wang, Y. D.] Beijing Inst Technol, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Beijing 100081, Peoples R China. [Ren, Y.] Argonne Natl Lab, Xray Sci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Wang, DP (reprint author), Beijing Inst Technol, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Beijing 100081, Peoples R China. EM ydwang@mail.neu.edu.cn RI Nie, Zhihua/G-9459-2013; ran, shi/G-9380-2013; wang, yandong/G-9404-2013 OI Nie, Zhihua/0000-0002-2533-933X; FU National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program) [2012CB619405]; National Natural Science Foundation of China [50971031, 50725102, 51001015]; U. S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX The authors thank Dr S. Yang at Xi'an Jiaotong University for his help with dynamical mechanical analysis and valuable discussions on phase transformation behavior of the Ni55-xCoxFe18Ga27 alloy system. This work is supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program) under Contract No. 2012CB619405 and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 50971031, 50725102, and 51001015). Use of the Advanced Photon Source was supported by the U. S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. NR 19 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 28 PU EPL ASSOCIATION, EUROPEAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY PI MULHOUSE PA 6 RUE DES FRERES LUMIERE, MULHOUSE, 68200, FRANCE SN 0295-5075 J9 EPL-EUROPHYS LETT JI EPL PD MAY PY 2012 VL 98 IS 4 AR 46004 DI 10.1209/0295-5075/98/46004 PG 6 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 953XO UT WOS:000304907300028 ER PT J AU Agakishiev, G Alvarez-Pol, H Balanda, A Bassini, R Bohmer, M Bokemeyer, H Boyard, JL Cabanelas, P Chernenko, S Christ, T Destefanis, M Dohrmann, F Dybczak, A Eberl, T Fabbietti, L Fateev, O Finocchiaro, P Friese, J Frohlich, I Galatyuk, T Garzon, JA Gernhauser, R Gilardi, C Golubeva, M Gonzalez-Diaz, D Guber, F Gumberidze, M Hennino, T Holzmann, R Ierusalimov, A Iori, I Ivashkin, A Jurkovic, M Kampfer, B Kanaki, K Karavicheva, T Koenig, I Koenig, W Kolb, BW Kotte, R Kozuch, A Krizek, F Kuhn, W Kugler, A Kurepin, A Lang, S Lapidus, K Liu, T Maier, L Markert, J Metag, V Michalska, B Moriniere, E Mousa, J Munch, M Muntz, C Naumann, L Otwinowski, J Pachmayer, YC Pechenov, V Pechenova, O Cavalcanti, TP Pietraszko, J Pospisil, V Przygoda, W Ramstein, B Reshetin, A Roy-Stephan, M Rustamov, A Sadovsky, A Sailer, B Salabura, P Sanchez, M Schmah, A Schwab, E Sobolev, YG Spataro, S Spruck, B Strobele, H Stroth, J Sturm, C Tarantola, A Teilab, K Tlusty, P Toia, A Traxler, M Trebacz, R Tsertos, H Wagner, V Wisniowski, M Wojcik, T Wustenfeld, J Yurevich, S Zanevsky, Y Zumbruch, P AF Agakishiev, G. Alvarez-Pol, H. Balanda, A. Bassini, R. Boehmer, M. Bokemeyer, H. Boyard, J. L. Cabanelas, P. Chernenko, S. Christ, T. Destefanis, M. Dohrmann, F. Dybczak, A. Eberl, T. Fabbietti, L. Fateev, O. Finocchiaro, P. Friese, J. Froehlich, I. Galatyuk, T. Garzon, J. A. Gernhaeuser, R. Gilardi, C. Golubeva, M. Gonzalez-Diaz, D. Guber, F. Gumberidze, M. Hennino, T. Holzmann, R. Ierusalimov, A. Iori, I. Ivashkin, A. Jurkovic, M. Kaempfer, B. Kanaki, K. Karavicheva, T. Koenig, I. Koenig, W. Kolb, B. W. Kotte, R. Kozuch, A. Krizek, F. Kuehn, W. Kugler, A. Kurepin, A. Lang, S. Lapidus, K. Liu, T. Maier, L. Markert, J. Metag, V. Michalska, B. Moriniere, E. Mousa, J. Muench, M. Muentz, C. Naumann, L. Otwinowski, J. Pachmayer, Y. C. Pechenov, V. Pechenova, O. Cavalcanti, T. Perez Pietraszko, J. Pospisil, V. Przygoda, W. Ramstein, B. Reshetin, A. Roy-Stephan, M. Rustamov, A. Sadovsky, A. Sailer, B. Salabura, P. Sanchez, M. Schmah, A. Schwab, E. Sobolev, Yu G. Spataro, S. Spruck, B. Stroebele, H. Stroth, J. Sturm, C. Tarantola, A. Teilab, K. Tlusty, P. Toia, A. Traxler, M. Trebacz, R. Tsertos, H. Wagner, V. Wisniowski, M. Wojcik, T. Wuestenfeld, J. Yurevich, S. Zanevsky, Y. Zumbruch, P. CA HADES Collaboration TI Study of exclusive one-pion and one-eta production using hadron and dielectron channels in pp reactions at kinetic beam energies of 1.25 GeV and 2.2 GeV with HADES SO EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL A LA English DT Article ID PROTON-PROTON COLLISIONS; NUCLEON-NUCLEON COLLISIONS; OF-FLIGHT SPECTROMETER; TOTAL CROSS-SECTION; NEAR-THRESHOLD; MESON PRODUCTION; INTERMEDIATE ENERGIES; SIS ENERGIES; SINGLE-PION; SCATTERING AB We present measurements of exclusive pi(+,0) and eta production in pp reactions at 1.25 GeV and 2.2 GeV beam kinetic energy in hadron and dielectron channels. In the case of pi(+) and pi(0), high-statistics invariant-mass and angular distributions are obtained within the HADES acceptance as well as acceptance-corrected distributions, which are compared to a resonance model. The sensitivity of the data to the yield and production angular distribution of Delta(1232) and higher-lying baryon resonances is shown, and an improved parameterization is proposed. The extracted cross-sections are of special interest in the case of pp -> pp eta, since controversial data exist at 2.0 GeV; we find sigma = 0.142 +/- 0.022 mb. Using the dielectron channels, the pi(0) and eta Dalitz decay signals are reconstructed with yields fully consistent with the hadronic channels. The electron invariant masses and acceptance-corrected helicity angle distributions are found in good agreement with model predictions. C1 [Boyard, J. L.; Gumberidze, M.; Hennino, T.; Liu, T.; Moriniere, E.; Ramstein, B.; Roy-Stephan, M.] Univ Paris 11, CNRS, IN2P3, Inst Phys Nucl,UMR 8608, F-91406 Orsay, France. [Finocchiaro, P.; Spataro, S.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Sud, I-95125 Catania, Italy. [Balanda, A.; Dybczak, A.; Kozuch, A.; Michalska, B.; Otwinowski, J.; Przygoda, W.; Salabura, P.; Trebacz, R.; Wisniowski, M.; Wojcik, T.] Jagiellonian Univ Cracow, Smoluchowski Inst Phys, PL-30059 Krakow, Poland. [Bokemeyer, H.; Holzmann, R.; Koenig, I.; Koenig, W.; Kolb, B. W.; Lang, S.; Muench, M.; Pechenov, V.; Rustamov, A.; Schwab, E.; Stroth, J.; Sturm, C.; Traxler, M.; Yurevich, S.; Zumbruch, P.] GSI Helmholtz Zentrum Schwerionenforsch GmbH, D-64291 Darmstadt, Germany. [Dohrmann, F.; Kaempfer, B.; Kanaki, K.; Kotte, R.; Naumann, L.; Wuestenfeld, J.] Helmholtz Zentrum Dresden Rossendorf, Inst Strahlenphys, D-01314 Dresden, Germany. [Agakishiev, G.; Chernenko, S.; Fateev, O.; Ierusalimov, A.; Zanevsky, Y.] Joint Inst Nucl Res, Dubna 141980, Russia. [Froehlich, I.; Galatyuk, T.; Markert, J.; Muentz, C.; Pachmayer, Y. C.; Pechenova, O.; Pietraszko, J.; Stroebele, H.; Stroth, J.; Tarantola, A.; Teilab, K.] Goethe Univ Frankfurt, Inst Kernphys, D-60438 Frankfurt, Germany. [Fabbietti, L.; Lapidus, K.] Excellence Cluster Origin & Struct Universe, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Boehmer, M.; Christ, T.; Eberl, T.; Friese, J.; Gernhaeuser, R.; Jurkovic, M.; Maier, L.; Sailer, B.] Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept E12, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Destefanis, M.; Gilardi, C.; Kuehn, W.; Metag, V.; Cavalcanti, T. Perez; Spataro, S.; Spruck, B.; Toia, A.] Univ Giessen, Inst Phys 2, D-35392 Giessen, Germany. [Bassini, R.; Iori, I.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Milano, I-20133 Milan, Italy. [Golubeva, M.; Guber, F.; Ivashkin, A.; Karavicheva, T.; Kurepin, A.; Reshetin, A.; Sadovsky, A.] Russian Acad Sci, Inst Nucl Res, Moscow 117312, Russia. [Mousa, J.; Tsertos, H.] Univ Cyprus, Dept Phys, CY-1678 Nicosia, Cyprus. [Krizek, F.; Kugler, A.; Pospisil, V.; Sobolev, Yu G.; Tlusty, P.; Wagner, V.] Acad Sci Czech Republic, Inst Nucl Phys, CZ-25068 Rez, Czech Republic. [Alvarez-Pol, H.; Cabanelas, P.; Garzon, J. A.; Sanchez, M.] Univ Santiago de Compostela, Dept Fis Particulas, Santiago De Compostela 15706, Spain. [Balanda, A.; Schmah, A.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Galatyuk, T.] ExtreMe Matter Inst EMMI, D-64291 Darmstadt, Germany. [Gonzalez-Diaz, D.] Tech Univ Darmstadt, D-64289 Darmstadt, Germany. [Kaempfer, B.] Tech Univ Dresden, D-01062 Dresden, Germany. [Iori, I.] Univ Milan, Dipartimento Fis, I-20133 Milan, Italy. [Kozuch, A.] Panstwowa Wyzsza Szkola Zawodowa, PL-33300 Nowy Sacz, Poland. [Spataro, S.] Univ Turin, Dipartimento Fis Gen, I-10125 Turin, Italy. [Spataro, S.] Univ Turin, INFN, I-10125 Turin, Italy. RP Ramstein, B (reprint author), Univ Paris 11, CNRS, IN2P3, Inst Phys Nucl,UMR 8608, F-91406 Orsay, France. EM ramstein@ipno.in2p3.fr RI Eberl, Thomas/J-4826-2016; Finocchiaro, Paolo/G-5625-2010; Ivashkin, Alexander/B-9725-2014; Guber, Fedor/I-4271-2013; Golubeva, Marina/C-6154-2014; Wagner, Vladimir/G-5650-2014; Krizek, Filip/G-8967-2014; Gonzalez Diaz, Diego/K-7265-2014; Alvarez Pol, Hector/F-1930-2011; Cabanelas, Pablo/B-2034-2016; Kurepin, Alexey/H-4852-2013; OI Eberl, Thomas/0000-0002-5301-9106; Ivashkin, Alexander/0000-0003-4595-5866; Guber, Fedor/0000-0001-8790-3218; Gonzalez Diaz, Diego/0000-0002-6809-5996; Alvarez Pol, Hector/0000-0001-9643-6252; Cabanelas, Pablo/0000-0002-5416-4647; Kurepin, Alexey/0000-0002-1851-4136; Tsertos, Charalambos/0000-0001-5966-343X; Destefanis, Marco Giovanni Maria/0000-0003-1997-6751; Spataro, Stefano/0000-0001-9601-405X; Finocchiaro, Paolo/0000-0001-7502-2229 FU CNRS/IN2P3; IPN Orsay (France); SIP JUC Cracow (Poland) [NN202 286038, NN202198639]; HZDR, Dresden (Germany) [BMBF 06DR9059D]; TU Munchen, Garching (Germany) (MLL Munchen, DFG EClust) [153, VH-NG-330, BMBF 06MT9156 TP5, GSI TMKrue 1012]; Goethe-University, Frankfurt (Germany) [HA216/EMMI, BMBF 06FY9100I, HIC for FAIR (LOEWE), GSI FE]; INFN (Italy); NPI AS CR, Rez (Czech Republic) [MSMT LC07050, GAASCR IAA100480803]; USC - Santiago de Compostela (Spain) [CPAN:CSD2007-00042] FX The Collaboration gratefully acknowledges the support by CNRS/IN2P3 and IPN Orsay (France), by SIP JUC Cracow (Poland) (NN202 286038, NN202198639), by HZDR, Dresden (Germany) (BMBF 06DR9059D), by TU Munchen, Garching (Germany) (MLL Munchen, DFG EClust 153, VH-NG-330, BMBF 06MT9156 TP5, GSI TMKrue 1012), by Goethe-University, Frankfurt (Germany) (HA216/EMMI, HIC for FAIR (LOEWE), BMBF 06FY9100I, GSI F&E), by INFN (Italy), by NPI AS CR, Rez (Czech Republic) (MSMT LC07050, GAASCR IAA100480803), by USC - Santiago de Compostela (Spain) (CPAN:CSD2007-00042). NR 68 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 7 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1434-6001 EI 1434-601X J9 EUR PHYS J A JI Eur. Phys. J. A PD MAY PY 2012 VL 48 IS 5 AR 74 DI 10.1140/epja/i2012-12074-9 PG 17 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 951BX UT WOS:000304696800003 ER PT J AU Agakishiev, G Collaboration, H Balanda, A Belver, D Belyaev, A Blanco, A Bohmer, M Boyard, JL Cabanelas, P Castro, E Chen, JC Chernenko, S Christ, T Destefanis, M Dohrmann, F Dybczak, A Epple, E Fabbietti, L Fateev, O Finocchiaro, P Fonte, P Friese, J Frohlich, I Galatyuk, T Garzon, JA Gernhauser, R Gilardi, C Golubeva, M Gonzalez-Diaz, D Guber, F Gumberidze, M Heinz, T Hennino, T Holzmann, R Ierusalimov, A Iori, I Ivashkin, A Jurkovic, M Kampfer, B Kanaki, K Karavicheva, T Koenig, I Koenig, W Kolb, BW Kotte, R Krasa, A Krizek, F Krucken, R Kuc, H Kuhn, W Kugler, A Kurepin, A Lalik, R Lang, S Lange, JS Lapidus, K Liu, T Lopes, L Lorenz, M Maier, L Mangiarotti, A Markert, J Metag, V Michalska, B Michel, J Moriniere, E Mousa, J Muntz, C Naumann, L Otwinowski, J Pachmayer, YC Palka, M Parpottas, Y Pechenov, V Pechenova, O Pietraszko, J Przygoda, W Ramstein, B Reshetin, A Rustamov, A Sadovsky, A Salabura, P Schmah, A Schwab, E Siebenson, J Sobolev, YG Spataro, S Spruck, B Strobele, H Stroth, J Sturm, C Tarantola, A Teilab, K Tlusty, P Traxler, M Trebacz, R Tsertos, H Wagner, V Weber, M Wendisch, C Wustenfeld, J Yurevich, S Zanevsky, Y AF Agakishiev, G. Collaboration, H. A. D. E. S. Balanda, A. Belver, D. Belyaev, A. Blanco, A. Boehmer, M. Boyard, J. L. Cabanelas, P. Castro, E. Chen, J. C. Chernenko, S. Christ, T. Destefanis, M. Dohrmann, F. Dybczak, A. Epple, E. Fabbietti, L. Fateev, O. Finocchiaro, P. Fonte, P. Friese, J. Froehlich, I. Galatyuk, T. Garzon, J. A. Gernhaeuser, R. Gilardi, C. Golubeva, M. Gonzalez-Diaz, D. Guber, F. Gumberidze, M. Heinz, T. Hennino, T. Holzmann, R. Ierusalimov, A. Iori, I. Ivashkin, A. Jurkovic, M. Kaempfer, B. Kanaki, K. Karavicheva, T. Koenig, I. Koenig, W. Kolb, B. W. Kotte, R. Krasa, A. Krizek, F. Kruecken, R. Kuc, H. Kuehn, W. Kugler, A. Kurepin, A. Lalik, R. Lang, S. Lange, J. S. Lapidus, K. Liu, T. Lopes, L. Lorenz, M. Maier, L. Mangiarotti, A. Markert, J. Metag, V. Michalska, B. Michel, J. Moriniere, E. Mousa, J. Muentz, C. Naumann, L. Otwinowski, J. Pachmayer, Y. C. Palka, M. Parpottas, Y. Pechenov, V. Pechenova, O. Pietraszko, J. Przygoda, W. Ramstein, B. Reshetin, A. Rustamov, A. Sadovsky, A. Salabura, P. Schmah, A. Schwab, E. Siebenson, J. Sobolev, Yu G. Spataro, S. Spruck, B. Stroebele, H. Stroth, J. Sturm, C. Tarantola, A. Teilab, K. Tlusty, P. Traxler, M. Trebacz, R. Tsertos, H. Wagner, V. Weber, M. Wendisch, C. Wuestenfeld, J. Yurevich, S. Zanevsky, Y. TI Inclusive dielectron spectra in p plus p collisions at 3.5 GeV kinetic beam energy SO EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL A LA English DT Article ID HEAVY-ION COLLISIONS; ELECTROMAGNETIC FORM-FACTORS; NUCLEUS-NUCLEUS COLLISIONS; DILEPTON PRODUCTION; INTERMEDIATE-ENERGY; MESON PRODUCTION; PROTON-NUCLEUS; SIS ENERGIES; DYNAMICS; DECAYS AB We present the inclusive invariant mass, transverse momentum and rapidity distributions of dielectrons (e(+)e(-) pairs) in p+p interactions at 3.5 GeV beam kinetic energy. In the vector meson mass region, a distinct peak corresponding to direct omega decays is reconstructed with a 2% mass resolution. The data is compared to predictions from three model calculations. Due to the large acceptance of the HADES apparatus for e(+)e(-) invariant masses above 0.2 GeV/c(2) and for transverse pair momenta p(t) < 1 GeV/c, acceptance corrections are, to a large extent, model independent. This allows us to extract from dielectron data for the first time at this energy the inclusive production cross-sections for light vector mesons. Inclusive production cross-sections for pi(0) and eta mesons are also reported. The obtained results will serve as an important reference for the study of vector meson production in proton-nucleus and heavy-ion collisions. Furthermore, using this data, an improved value for the upper bound of the branching ratio for direct eta decays into the electron-positron channel is obtained. C1 [Froehlich, I.; Galatyuk, T.; Lorenz, M.; Markert, J.; Michel, J.; Muentz, C.; Pachmayer, Y. C.; Palka, M.; Pechenova, O.; Pietraszko, J.; Rustamov, A.; Stroebele, H.; Stroth, J.; Tarantola, A.; Teilab, K.] Goethe Univ Frankfurt, Inst Kernphys, D-60438 Frankfurt, Germany. [Finocchiaro, P.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Sud, I-95125 Catania, Italy. [Blanco, A.; Fonte, P.; Lopes, L.; Mangiarotti, A.] LIP Lab Instrumentacao & Fis Expt Particulas, P-3004516 Coimbra, Portugal. [Balanda, A.; Dybczak, A.; Kuc, H.; Michalska, B.; Otwinowski, J.; Przygoda, W.; Salabura, P.; Trebacz, R.] Jagiellonian Univ Cracow, Smoluchowski Inst Phys, PL-30059 Krakow, Poland. [Heinz, T.; Holzmann, R.; Koenig, I.; Koenig, W.; Kolb, B. W.; Lang, S.; Pechenov, V.; Schwab, E.; Stroth, J.; Sturm, C.; Traxler, M.; Yurevich, S.] GSI Helmholtzzentrum Schwerionenforsch GmbH, D-64291 Darmstadt, Germany. [Dohrmann, F.; Kaempfer, B.; Kanaki, K.; Kotte, R.; Naumann, L.; Wendisch, C.; Wuestenfeld, J.] Helmholtz Zentrum Dresden Rossendorf, Inst Strahlenphys, D-01314 Dresden, Germany. [Agakishiev, G.; Belyaev, A.; Chernenko, S.; Fateev, O.; Ierusalimov, A.; Zanevsky, Y.] Joint Inst Nucl Res, Dubna 141980, Russia. [Chen, J. C.; Epple, E.; Fabbietti, L.; Lalik, R.; Lapidus, K.; Siebenson, J.] Excellence Cluster Origin & Struct Universe, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Boehmer, M.; Christ, T.; Friese, J.; Gernhaeuser, R.; Jurkovic, M.; Kruecken, R.; Maier, L.; Weber, M.] Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept E12, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Destefanis, M.; Gilardi, C.; Kuehn, W.; Lange, J. S.; Metag, V.; Spruck, B.] Univ Giessen, Inst Phys 2, D-35392 Giessen, Germany. [Iori, I.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Milano, I-20133 Milan, Italy. [Golubeva, M.; Guber, F.; Ivashkin, A.; Karavicheva, T.; Kurepin, A.; Reshetin, A.; Sadovsky, A.] Russian Acad Sci, Inst Nucl Res, Moscow 117312, Russia. [Fonte, P.] ISEC Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal. [Galatyuk, T.] ExtreMe Matter Inst EMMI, D-64291 Darmstadt, Germany. [Gonzalez-Diaz, D.] Tech Univ Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany. [Iori, I.] Univ Milan, Dipartimento Fis, I-20133 Milan, Italy. [Kaempfer, B.] Tech Univ Dresden, D-01062 Dresden, Germany. [Schmah, A.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Spataro, S.] Univ Turin, Dipartimento Fis Gen, I-10125 Turin, Italy. [Spataro, S.] Univ Turin, INFN, I-10125 Turin, Italy. [Parpottas, Y.] Frederick Univ, CY-1036 Nicosia, Cyprus. [Mousa, J.; Parpottas, Y.; Tsertos, H.] Univ Cyprus, Dept Phys, CY-1678 Nicosia, Cyprus. [Boyard, J. L.; Gumberidze, M.; Hennino, T.; Kuc, H.; Liu, T.; Moriniere, E.; Ramstein, B.] Univ Paris 11, CNRS, IN2P3, Inst Phys Nucl,UMR 8608, F-91406 Orsay, France. [Krasa, A.; Krizek, F.; Kugler, A.; Sobolev, Yu G.; Tlusty, P.; Wagner, V.] Acad Sci Czech Republic, Inst Nucl Phys, CZ-25068 Rez, Czech Republic. [Belver, D.; Cabanelas, P.; Castro, E.; Garzon, J. A.] Univ Santiago de Compostela, Dept Fis Particulas, Santiago De Compostela 15706, Spain. RP Rustamov, A (reprint author), Goethe Univ Frankfurt, Inst Kernphys, D-60438 Frankfurt, Germany. EM Rustamov@Physik.uni-frankfurt.de RI Mangiarotti, Alessio/I-1072-2012; Finocchiaro, Paolo/G-5625-2010; Ivashkin, Alexander/B-9725-2014; Guber, Fedor/I-4271-2013; Golubeva, Marina/C-6154-2014; Wagner, Vladimir/G-5650-2014; Krizek, Filip/G-8967-2014; Gonzalez Diaz, Diego/K-7265-2014; Fonte, Paulo/B-1842-2008; Blanco, Alberto/L-2520-2014; Cabanelas, Pablo/B-2034-2016; Kurepin, Alexey/H-4852-2013; Kruecken, Reiner/A-1640-2013 OI Spataro, Stefano/0000-0001-9601-405X; Finocchiaro, Paolo/0000-0001-7502-2229; Mangiarotti, Alessio/0000-0001-7837-6057; Ivashkin, Alexander/0000-0003-4595-5866; Guber, Fedor/0000-0001-8790-3218; Gonzalez Diaz, Diego/0000-0002-6809-5996; Fonte, Paulo/0000-0002-2275-9099; Cabanelas, Pablo/0000-0002-5416-4647; Kurepin, Alexey/0000-0002-1851-4136; Kruecken, Reiner/0000-0002-2755-8042 FU LIP Coimbra, Coimbra (Portugal) [PTDC/FIS/113339/2009]; SIP JUC Cracow, Cracow (Poland) [N N202 286038, NN202198639]; FZ Dresden-Rossendorf (FZD), Dresden (Germany) [BMBF 06DR9059D]; TU Munchen, Garching (Germany) MLLMunchenDFG EClust [153VH-NG-330, BMBF 06MT9156 TP5 TP6, GSI TMKrue 1012]; NPI AS CR, GSI TMFABI 1012, Rez, Rez (Czech Republic) [MSMT LC07050 GAASCR IAA100480803]; USC - S. de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela (Spain) [CPAN:CSD2007-00042]; Helmholtz alliance [HA216/EMMI] FX We would like to thank our theory colleagues, especially E. Bratkovskaya, J. Weil, E. Santini, M. Bleicher and G. Wolf for useful discussions and suggestions. The Collaboration gratefully acknowledges the support by LIP Coimbra, Coimbra (Portugal): PTDC/FIS/113339/2009, SIP JUC Cracow, Cracow (Poland): N N202 286038 28-JAN-2010 NN202198639 01-OCT-2010, FZ Dresden-Rossendorf (FZD), Dresden (Germany): BMBF 06DR9059D, TU Munchen, Garching (Germany) MLLMunchenDFG EClust: 153VH-NG-330, BMBF 06MT9156 TP5 TP6, GSI TMKrue 1012, NPI AS CR, GSI TMFABI 1012, Rez, Rez (Czech Republic): MSMT LC07050 GAASCR IAA100480803, USC - S. de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela (Spain): CPAN:CSD2007-00042, Helmholtz alliance HA216/EMMI. NR 59 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 11 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1434-6001 EI 1434-601X J9 EUR PHYS J A JI Eur. Phys. J. A PD MAY PY 2012 VL 48 IS 5 AR 64 DI 10.1140/epja/i2012-12064-y PG 11 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 951BX UT WOS:000304696800011 ER PT J AU Hofmann, S Heinz, S Mann, R Maurer, J Khuyagbaatar, J Ackermann, D Antalic, S Barth, W Block, M Burkhard, HG Comas, VF Dahl, L Eberhardt, K Gostic, J Henderson, RA Heredia, JA Hessberger, FP Kenneally, JM Kindler, B Kojouharov, I Kratz, JV Lang, R Leino, M Lommel, B Moody, KJ Munzenberg, G Nelson, SL Nishio, K Popeko, AG Runke, J Saro, S Shaughnessy, DA Stoyer, MA Thorle-Pospiech, P Tinschert, K Trautmann, N Uusitalo, J Wilk, PA Yeremin, AV AF Hofmann, S. Heinz, S. Mann, R. Maurer, J. Khuyagbaatar, J. Ackermann, D. Antalic, S. Barth, W. Block, M. Burkhard, H. G. Comas, V. F. Dahl, L. Eberhardt, K. Gostic, J. Henderson, R. A. Heredia, J. A. Hessberger, F. P. Kenneally, J. M. Kindler, B. Kojouharov, I. Kratz, J. V. Lang, R. Leino, M. Lommel, B. Moody, K. J. Muenzenberg, G. Nelson, S. L. Nishio, K. Popeko, A. G. Runke, J. Saro, S. Shaughnessy, D. A. Stoyer, M. A. Thoerle-Pospiech, P. Tinschert, K. Trautmann, N. Uusitalo, J. Wilk, P. A. Yeremin, A. V. TI The reaction Ca-48+Cm-248 -> (296)116*studied at the GSI-SHIP SO EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL A LA English DT Article ID SUPERHEAVY NUCLEI; HEAVIEST NUCLEI; SPONTANEOUS-FISSION; ALPHA-DECAY; HALF-LIVES; ELEMENTS; CA-48; SEARCH; CM-248; SEPARATOR AB The synthesis of element 116 in fusion-evaporation reactions of a Ca-48 beam with radioactive Cm-248 targets was studied at the velocity filter SHIP of GSI in Darmstadt. At excitation energies of the compound nuclei of 40.9 MeV, four decay chains were measured, which were assigned to the isotope (292)116, and one chain, which was assigned to (293)116. Measured cross-sections of (3.4(-1.6)(+2.7)) pb and (0.9(-0.7)(+2.1)) pb, respectively, and decay data of the chains agree with data measured previously at the Flerov Laboratory of Nuclear Reactions in Dubna. As a new result, one alpha-decay chain was measured, which terminates after four alpha decays by spontaneous fission. The alpha energies of the second-to-fourth decay are considerably higher than those measured for the alpha decays of (289)114, (285)Cn, and (281)Ds and the spontaneous fission half-life is significantly longer than that of (277)Hs measured in previous experiments. A possible assignment is discussed in the frame of excited quasiparticle states of nuclei populated in the decay chain from (293)116. Also other possible assignments were considered and are discussed. At an excitation energy of 45.0 MeV no events were observed resulting in a one-event cross-section limit of 1.6 pb. The technical aspects related with the use of radioactive target material at SHIP are described in detail. The experience gained in this experiment will serve as a basis for future experiments aiming to study still heavier elements at the velocity filter SHIP. C1 [Hofmann, S.; Heinz, S.; Mann, R.; Maurer, J.; Khuyagbaatar, J.; Ackermann, D.; Barth, W.; Block, M.; Burkhard, H. G.; Comas, V. F.; Dahl, L.; Heredia, J. A.; Hessberger, F. P.; Kindler, B.; Kojouharov, I.; Lang, R.; Lommel, B.; Muenzenberg, G.; Tinschert, K.] GSI Helmholtzzentrum Schwerionenforsch, D-64291 Darmstadt, Germany. [Hofmann, S.] Goethe Univ Frankfurt, Inst Phys, D-60438 Frankfurt, Germany. [Maurer, J.; Hessberger, F. P.] Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Helmholtz Inst Mainz, D-55099 Mainz, Germany. [Antalic, S.; Saro, S.] Comenius Univ, Dept Nucl Phys & Biophys, Bratislava 84248, Slovakia. [Eberhardt, K.; Kratz, J. V.; Runke, J.; Thoerle-Pospiech, P.; Trautmann, N.] Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, D-55128 Mainz, Germany. [Gostic, J.; Henderson, R. A.; Kenneally, J. M.; Moody, K. J.; Nelson, S. L.; Shaughnessy, D. A.; Stoyer, M. A.; Wilk, P. A.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. [Leino, M.; Uusitalo, J.] Univ Jyvaskyla, Dept Phys, SF-40351 Jyvaskyla, Finland. [Nishio, K.] Japan Atom Energy Agcy, Tokai, Ibaraki 3191195, Japan. [Popeko, A. G.; Yeremin, A. V.] Joint Inst Nucl Res, Dubna 141980, Russia. RP Hofmann, S (reprint author), GSI Helmholtzzentrum Schwerionenforsch, D-64291 Darmstadt, Germany. EM S.Hofmann@gsi.de RI Wilk, Philip/B-5954-2008; Block, Michael/I-2782-2015 OI Block, Michael/0000-0001-9282-8347 FU Slovak Research and Development Agency [APVV-0105-10]; VEGA [1/0613/11]; U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344] FX We would like to thank our colleagues from the ECR ion source group and the UNILAC accelerator group for excellent performance of the 48Ca beam concerning high stability, high current, and low material consumption. We are also grateful to A. Huebner of the GSI target laboratory for the skillful preparation of the large area titanium backing foils of the targets. We are also much indebted to our colleagues from the department of the scientific-technical infrastructure for providing the needed hardware for the experiments and the software for the data analysis. Two of us, SA and SS, were supported by the Slovak Research and Development Agency (contract APVV-0105-10) and VEGA (contract 1/0613/11). The work by Livermore scientists was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. The 248Cm target material was provided by the U.S. DOE through ORNL. NR 77 TC 71 Z9 73 U1 1 U2 22 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1434-6001 EI 1434-601X J9 EUR PHYS J A JI Eur. Phys. J. A PD MAY PY 2012 VL 48 IS 5 AR 62 DI 10.1140/epja/i2012-12062-1 PG 23 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 951BX UT WOS:000304696800013 ER PT J AU Ben-Naim, E Krapivsky, PL AF Ben-Naim, E. Krapivsky, P. L. TI Scaling behavior of threshold epidemics SO EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL B LA English DT Article ID FINAL SIZE; INFECTIOUS-DISEASES; DYNAMICS; MODELS AB We study the classic Susceptible-Infected-Recovered (SIR) model for the spread of an infectious disease. In this stochastic process, there are two competing mechanism: infection and recovery. Susceptible individuals may contract the disease from infected individuals, while infected ones recover from the disease at a constant rate and are never infected again. Our focus is the behavior at the epidemic threshold where the rates of the infection and recovery processes balance. In the infinite population limit, we establish analytically scaling rules for the time-dependent distribution functions that characterize the sizes of the infected and the recovered sub-populations. Using heuristic arguments, we also obtain scaling laws for the size and duration of the epidemic outbreaks as a function of the total population. We perform numerical simulations to verify the scaling predictions and discuss the consequences of these scaling laws for near-threshold epidemic outbreaks. C1 [Ben-Naim, E.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Ben-Naim, E.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Krapivsky, P. L.] Boston Univ, Dept Phys, Boston, MA 02215 USA. RP Ben-Naim, E (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM ebn@lanl.gov RI Ben-Naim, Eli/C-7542-2009; Krapivsky, Pavel/A-4612-2014 OI Ben-Naim, Eli/0000-0002-2444-7304; FU DOE [DE-AC52-06NA25396] FX We are grateful to A. Hagberg for initial collaboration and thank T. Antal and D. Kessler for useful correspondence. We also acknowledge support for this research by DOE grant DE-AC52-06NA25396. NR 52 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 8 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1434-6028 J9 EUR PHYS J B JI Eur. Phys. J. B PD MAY PY 2012 VL 85 IS 5 AR 145 DI 10.1140/epjb/e2012-30117-0 PG 9 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 950OS UT WOS:000304659200028 ER PT J AU Olivier, SL Porterfield, AK Wheeler, KB Spiegel, M Prins, JF AF Olivier, Stephen L. Porterfield, Allan K. Wheeler, Kyle B. Spiegel, Michael Prins, Jan F. TI OpenMP task scheduling strategies for multicore NUMA systems SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HIGH PERFORMANCE COMPUTING APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE Task parallelism; run-time systems; work stealing; scheduling; multicore; OpenMP ID DESIGN AB The recent addition of task parallelism to the OpenMP shared memory API allows programmers to express concurrency at a high level of abstraction and places the burden of scheduling parallel execution on the OpenMP run-time system. Efficient scheduling of tasks on modern multi-socket multicore shared memory systems requires careful consideration of an increasingly complex memory hierarchy, including shared caches and non-uniform memory access (NUMA) characteristics. In order to evaluate scheduling strategies, we extended the open source Qthreads threading library to implement different scheduler designs, accepting OpenMP programs through the ROSE compiler. Our comprehensive performance study of diverse OpenMP task-parallel benchmarks compares seven different task-parallel run-time scheduler implementations on an Intel Nehalem multi-socket multicore system: our proposed hierarchical work-stealing scheduler, a per-core work-stealing scheduler, a centralized scheduler, and LIFO and FIFO versions of the Qthreads round-robin scheduler. In addition, we compare our results against the Intel and GNU OpenMP implementations. Our hierarchical scheduling strategy leverages different scheduling methods at different levels of the hierarchy. By allowing one thread to steal work on behalf of all of the threads within a single chip that share a cache, the scheduler limits the number of costly remote steals. For cores on the same chip, a shared LIFO queue allows exploitation of cache locality between sibling tasks as well as between a parent task and its newly created child tasks. In the performance evaluation, our Qthreads hierarchical scheduler is competitive on all benchmarks tested. On five of the seven benchmarks, it demonstrates speedup and absolute performance superior to both the Intel and GNU OpenMP run-time systems. Our run-time also demonstrates similar performance benefits on AMD Magny Cours and SGI Altix systems, enabling several benchmarks to successfully scale to 192 CPUs of an SGI Altix. C1 [Olivier, Stephen L.; Prins, Jan F.] Univ N Carolina Chapel Hill, Dept Comp Sci, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Porterfield, Allan K.; Spiegel, Michael] Renaissance Comp Inst RENCI, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Wheeler, Kyle B.] Sandia Natl Labs, Dept Scalable Syst Software 1423, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Olivier, SL (reprint author), Univ N Carolina Chapel Hill, Dept Comp Sci, Campus Box 3175, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. EM olivier@cs.unc.edu FU United States Department of Defense; United States Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000] FX This work is supported in part by a grant from the United States Department of Defense. Sandia is a multiprogram laboratory operated by Sandia Corporation, a Lockheed Martin Company, for the United States Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. NR 33 TC 22 Z9 23 U1 2 U2 12 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD PI LONDON PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND SN 1094-3420 J9 INT J HIGH PERFORM C JI Int. J. High Perform. Comput. Appl. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 26 IS 2 BP 110 EP 124 DI 10.1177/1094342011434065 PG 15 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA 951CP UT WOS:000304698700003 ER PT J AU Bridges, PG Arnold, D Pedretti, KT Suresh, M Lu, F Dinda, P Joseph, R Lange, J AF Bridges, Patrick G. Arnold, Dorian Pedretti, Kevin T. Suresh, Madhav Lu, Feng Dinda, Peter Joseph, Russ Lange, Jack TI Virtual-machine-based emulation of future generation high-performance computing systems SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HIGH PERFORMANCE COMPUTING APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE exascale systems; testbeds; virtualization; operating systems; emulation AB This paper describes the design of a system to enable research, development, and testing of new software stacks and hardware features for future high-end computing systems. Motivating uses include both small-scale research and development on simulated individual nodes of proposed high-performance computing systems, and large scaling studies that emulate a sizeable fraction of a future supercomputing system. The proposed architecture combines system virtualization, architectural simulation, time dilation, and slack simulation to provide scalable emulation of hypothetical systems. Virtualization-based full-system measurement and monitoring tools are also included to aid in using the proposed system for co-design of high-performance computing system software and architectural features for future systems. Finally, this paper provides a description of the implementation strategy and status of the system. C1 [Bridges, Patrick G.; Arnold, Dorian] Univ New Mexico, Dept Comp Sci, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [Pedretti, Kevin T.] Sandia Natl Labs, Scalable Syst Software Dept, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Suresh, Madhav; Lu, Feng; Dinda, Peter; Joseph, Russ] Northwestern Univ, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. [Lange, Jack] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Comp Sci, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. RP Bridges, PG (reprint author), Univ New Mexico, Dept Comp Sci, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. EM bridges@cs.unm.edu RI Joseph, Russell/B-7230-2009; Dinda, Peter/B-7142-2009 FU DOE Office of Science, Advanced Scientific Computing research [DE-SC0005050]; United States Department of Energy [DE-AC04-94AL85000]; National Science Foundation [CNS-0709168]; Department of Energy [DE-SC0005343] FX This work was supported in part by the DOE Office of Science, Advanced Scientific Computing research (grant number DE-SC0005050) and by a faculty sabbatical appointment from Sandia National Laboratories. Sandia is a multiprogram laboratory operated by Sandia Corporation, a Lock-heed Martin Company, for the United States Department of Energy under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. This project was partially supported by the National Science Foundation (grant number CNS-0709168) and the Department of Energy (grant number DE-SC0005343). NR 17 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 3 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD PI LONDON PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND SN 1094-3420 J9 INT J HIGH PERFORM C JI Int. J. High Perform. Comput. Appl. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 26 IS 2 BP 125 EP 135 DI 10.1177/1094342012436619 PG 11 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA 951CP UT WOS:000304698700004 ER PT J AU Jones, T AF Jones, Terry TI Linux kernel co-scheduling and bulk synchronous parallelism SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HIGH PERFORMANCE COMPUTING APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE co-scheduling; kernel scheduling; operating system interference; operating system noise AB This paper describes a kernel scheduling algorithm that is based on co-scheduling principles and that is intended for parallel applications running on 1000 cores or more. Experimental results for a Linux implementation on a Cray XT5 machine are presented. The results indicate that Linux is a suitable operating system for this new scheduling scheme, and that this design provides a dramatic improvement in scaling performance for synchronizing collective operations at scale. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Comp Sci & Math Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Jones, T (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Comp Sci & Math Div, Mailstop 5164, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM trj@ornl.gov OI Jones, Terry/0000-0003-2187-9707 FU US Government [DE-AC05-00OR22725]; Department of Energy FastOS II [Lab 07-23]; Department of Energy INCITE; NCCS FX The author gratefully acknowledges the computer resources and assistance provided by the National Center for Computational Sciences at Oak Ridge National Laboratory. I would also like to express my gratitude to ORNL's Don Maxwell and David Dillow for all of their assistance in getting the Jaguar and Rizzo machine prepared for this work. Further thanks are due to the entire Colony team for helping to make this work a reality. Finally I would like to thank our funding sponsors. The submitted manuscript has been authored by a contractor of the US Government under Contract No. DE-AC05-00OR22725. Accordingly, the US Government retains a non-exclusive, royalty-free license to publish or reproduce the published form of this contribution, or allow others to do so, for US Government purposes.; The work described here was performed at Oak Ridge National Laboratory. It was supported in part by the Department of Energy FastOS II program (Lab 07-23, see http://www.fastos2.org/). Computer allocation support was provided by the Department of Energy INCITE award and an NCCS Director's Discretion award. NR 17 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 11 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD PI LONDON PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND SN 1094-3420 J9 INT J HIGH PERFORM C JI Int. J. High Perform. Comput. Appl. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 26 IS 2 BP 136 EP 145 DI 10.1177/1094342011433523 PG 10 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA 951CP UT WOS:000304698700005 ER PT J AU Balaji, P Meng, JY AF Balaji, Pavan Meng, Jiayuan TI Applications for the Heterogeneous Computing Era Preface SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HIGH PERFORMANCE COMPUTING APPLICATIONS LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Balaji, Pavan] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Math & Comp Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Meng, Jiayuan] Argonne Natl Lab, Leadership Comp Facil Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Balaji, P (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Math & Comp Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM balaji@mcs.anl.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD PI LONDON PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND SN 1094-3420 J9 INT J HIGH PERFORM C JI Int. J. High Perform. Comput. Appl. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 26 IS 2 BP 146 EP 147 DI 10.1177/1094342012442457 PG 2 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA 951CP UT WOS:000304698700006 ER PT J AU Whalen, S Engle, S Peisert, S Bishop, M AF Whalen, Sean Engle, Sophie Peisert, Sean Bishop, Matt TI Network-theoretic classification of parallel computation patterns SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HIGH PERFORMANCE COMPUTING APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE communication patterns; computational dwarves; pattern recognition; graph theory; network theory ID GRAPH EDIT DISTANCE; MOTIFS; ISOMORPHISM; ALGORITHM AB Parallel computation in a high-performance computing environment can be characterized by the distributed memory access patterns of the underlying algorithm. During execution, networks of compute nodes exchange messages that indirectly exhibit these access patterns. Identifying the algorithm underlying these observable messages is the problem of latent class analysis over information flows in a computational network. Towards this end, our work applies methods from graph and network theory to classify parallel computations solely from network communication patterns. Pattern classification has applications to several areas including anomaly detection, performance analysis, and automated algorithm replacement. We discuss the difficulties encountered by previous efforts, introduce two new approximate matching techniques, and compare these approaches using massive datasets collected at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. C1 [Whalen, Sean; Peisert, Sean] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Whalen, Sean; Peisert, Sean; Bishop, Matt] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Comp Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Engle, Sophie] Univ San Francisco, Dept Comp Sci, San Francisco, CA 94117 USA. RP Whalen, S (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM shwhalen@ucdavis.edu FU Office of Computational and Technology Research, Division of Mathematical, Information, and Computational Sciences of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; U.S. Department of Homeland Security under Institute for Information Infrastructure Protection (I3P) [2006-CS-001-000001] FX This work was supported in part by the Director, Office of Computational and Technology Research, Division of Mathematical, Information, and Computational Sciences of the U.S. Department of Energy (contract number DE-AC02-05CH11231), and also by the U.S. Department of Homeland Security (grant number 2006-CS-001-000001) under the auspices of the Institute for Information Infrastructure Protection (I3P) research program. The I3P is managed by Dartmouth College. The views and conclusions contained in this document are those of the authors and not necessarily those of its sponsors. NR 37 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD PI LONDON PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND SN 1094-3420 J9 INT J HIGH PERFORM C JI Int. J. High Perform. Comput. Appl. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 26 IS 2 BP 159 EP 169 DI 10.1177/1094342012436618 PG 11 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA 951CP UT WOS:000304698700008 ER PT J AU Riley, BJ Rieck, BT McCloy, JS Crum, JV Sundaram, SK Vienna, JD AF Riley, Brian J. Rieck, Bennett T. McCloy, John S. Crum, Jarrod V. Sundaram, S. K. Vienna, John D. TI Tellurite glass as a waste form for mixed alkali-chloride waste streams: Candidate materials selection and initial testing SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID SYSTEM; CRYSTALLIZATION; METAL AB Tellurite glasses have historically been shown to host large concentrations of halides. They are here considered for the first time as a waste form for immobilizing chloride wastes, such as may be generated in the proposed molten alkali salt electrochemical separations step in nuclear fuel reprocessing. Key properties of several tellurite glasses are determined to assess acceptability as a chloride waste form. TeO2 glasses with other oxides (PbO, Al2O3 + B2O3, WO3, P2O5, or ZnO) were fabricated with and without 10 mass% of a simulated (non-radioactive) mixed alkali, alkaline-earth, and rare earth chloride waste. Measured chemical durability is compared for the glasses, as determined by the product consistency test (PCT), a common standardized chemical durability test often used to validate borosilicate glass waste forms. The glass with the most promise as a waste form is the TeO2-PbO system, as it offers good halide retention, a low sodium release (by PCT) comparable with high-level waste silicate glass waste forms, and a high storage density. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Riley, Brian J.; McCloy, John S.; Crum, Jarrod V.; Vienna, John D.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Rieck, Bennett T.] Washington State Univ, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Sundaram, S. K.] Alfred Univ, Alfred, NY 14802 USA. RP Riley, BJ (reprint author), POB 999, MS K6-24, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM brian.riley@pnnl.gov RI McCloy, John/D-3630-2013; OI McCloy, John/0000-0001-7476-7771; Riley, Brian/0000-0002-7745-6730 FU US Department of Energy by Battelle [DE-AC05-76RL01830] FX Pacific Northwest National Laboratory is operated for the US Department of Energy by Battelle under Contract DE-AC05-76RL01830. This work was conducted under the US Department of Energy, Office of Nuclear Energy Fuel Cycle Research and Development Program. The authors would like to thank S.A. Arreguin for her help in early scoping tests, M.J. Schweiger and W.C. Cosby for review and helpful comments on the manuscript, J. Bresee and T. Todd for their oversight on this project, and L. Buchanan for project management support. NR 46 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 15 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 424 IS 1-3 BP 29 EP 37 DI 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2012.01.024 PG 9 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 953BV UT WOS:000304842800005 ER PT J AU Miller, BD Gan, J Madden, J Jue, JF Robinson, A Keiser, DD AF Miller, B. D. Gan, J. Madden, J. Jue, J. F. Robinson, A. Keiser, D. D., Jr. TI Advantages and disadvantages of using a focused ion beam to prepare TEM samples from irradiated U-10Mo monolithic nuclear fuel SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID MICROSCOPY AB Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and focused ion beam (FIB) milling were performed on an irradiated U-10Mo monolithic fuel to understand its irradiation microstructure. This is the first reported TEM work of an irradiated fuel sample prepared using a FIB. Advantages and disadvantages of using the FIB to create TEM samples from this irradiated fuel will be presented along with some results from the work. Sample preparation techniques used to create SEM and FIB samples from the brittle irradiated monolithic sample will also be discussed. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Miller, B. D.; Gan, J.; Madden, J.; Jue, J. F.; Robinson, A.; Keiser, D. D., Jr.] Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. RP Miller, BD (reprint author), Idaho Natl Lab, POB 1625, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. EM Brandon.Miller@inl.gov FU US Department of Energy (DOE) under DOE Idaho Operations Office [DE-AC07-051D14517] FX The authors would like to express their gratitude to the HFEF staff at INL for assistance in sectioning the SEM/FIB sample. They would also express their gratitude to the EML health physics technicians and nuclear operators for their help and support. The work was supported through funding provided by the US Department of Energy (DOE) to the RERTR program at INL, operated by Battelle Energy Alliance, LLC, under DOE Idaho Operations Office Contract DE-AC07-051D14517. NR 16 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 4 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 424 IS 1-3 BP 38 EP 42 DI 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2012.01.022 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 953BV UT WOS:000304842800006 ER PT J AU Gan, J Keiser, DD Miller, BD Robinson, AB Jue, JF Medvedev, P Wachs, DM AF Gan, J. Keiser, D. D., Jr. Miller, B. D. Robinson, A. B. Jue, J. F. Medvedev, P. Wachs, D. M. TI TEM characterization of U-7Mo/Al-2Si dispersion fuel irradiated to intermediate and high fission densities SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID TRANSMISSION ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY; HIGH BURNUP FUEL; NUCLEAR-FUELS; RIM STRUCTURE; INDUCED RECRYSTALLIZATION; OXIDE; UO2; AMORPHIZATION; BEHAVIOR; MODEL AB This paper will discuss the results of transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis performed on two samples taken from the low-flux and high-flux sides of the same fuel plate with U-7Mo fuel particles dispersed in Al-2Si matrix. The corresponding local fission density of the fuel particles and the peak fuel-plate centerline temperature between the low-flux and high-flux samples are 3.32 x 10(27) f/m(3) and 90 degrees C, and 6.31 x 10(27) f/m(3) and 120 degrees C, respectively. The results showed the presence of a bubble superlattice within the U-7Mo grains that accommodated fission gases (e.g., Xe). The presence of this structure helps the U-7Mo exhibit a stable swelling behavior during irradiation. The change in bubble distribution at the high fission density suggests that the bubble superlattice is stable as the U-7Mo matrix remains crystalline. It appears that there is a threshold Si content in the fuel particle above which the U-Mo turns to amorphous under irradiation. The threshold Si content is approximately 8 at.% and 4 at.% for low-flux and high-flux conditions, respectively. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Gan, J.; Keiser, D. D., Jr.; Miller, B. D.; Robinson, A. B.; Jue, J. F.; Medvedev, P.; Wachs, D. M.] Idaho Natl Lab, Nucl Fuels & Mat Div, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. RP Gan, J (reprint author), Idaho Natl Lab, Nucl Fuels & Mat Div, POB 1625, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. EM Jian.Gan@inl.gov FU US Department of Energy, Office of Nuclear Materials Threat Reduction, National Nuclear Security Administration, under DOE-NE Idaho Operations Office [NA-212, DE-AC07-05ID14517] FX This work was supported by the US Department of Energy, Office of Nuclear Materials Threat Reduction (NA-212), National Nuclear Security Administration, under DOE-NE Idaho Operations Office Contract DE-AC07-05ID14517. This manuscript was authored by a contractor for the US Government. The US Government retains and the publisher, by accepting the article for publication, acknowledges that the US Government retains a nonexclusive, paid-up, irrevocable, worldwide license to publish or reproduce the published form of this manuscript, or allow others to do so, for US Government purposes. NR 23 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 1 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 424 IS 1-3 BP 43 EP 50 DI 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2012.02.001 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 953BV UT WOS:000304842800007 ER PT J AU Dickerson, C Yang, Y Allen, TR AF Dickerson, Clayton Yang, Yong Allen, Todd R. TI Defects and microstructural evolution of proton irradiated titanium carbide SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID IN-SITU OBSERVATION; ION IRRADIATION; DAMAGE EVOLUTION; TIC CRYSTALS; NEUTRON; TEMPERATURE; RECOVERY AB Titanium carbide has been identified as a candidate material for advanced coated nuclear fuel components, however little is known about the response of TiC to particle irradiation at elevated temperatures. To understand the radiation effects in TiC, proton irradiations were conducted to three doses (0.17, 0.34, and 0.80 dpa) at three temperatures (600 degrees C, 800 degrees C, and 900 degrees C), and post irradiation examination was performed with a number of TEM techniques to evaluate the irradiated microstructures. The predominant irradiation induced aggregate defects found by high resolution TEM and diffraction contrast TEM were interstitial Frank-type loops, while unfaulted loops were also identified. By monitoring the loop sizes and densities and accounting for the interstitials which formed the loops, a marked increase in vacancy point defect mobility was observed around 800 degrees C. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Dickerson, Clayton] Univ Wisconsin Madison, Mat Sci Program, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Yang, Yong; Allen, Todd R.] Univ Wisconsin Madison, Dept Engn Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Dickerson, C (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM cdickerson@anl.gov OI Allen, Todd/0000-0002-2372-7259 FU Department of Energy [DE-FC07-06ID14740] FX This work was funded by the Department of Energy through the Nuclear Energy Research Initiate award DE-FC07-06ID14740. NR 24 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 21 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 424 IS 1-3 BP 62 EP 68 DI 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2012.02.005 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 953BV UT WOS:000304842800010 ER PT J AU Wang, XJ Xiao, HY Zu, XT Weber, WJ AF Wang, X. J. Xiao, H. Y. Zu, X. T. Weber, W. J. TI A DFT plus U study of cerium solubility in La2Zr2O7 SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID TOTAL-ENERGY CALCULATIONS; NUCLEAR-WASTE DISPOSAL; WAVE BASIS-SET; THERMAL-EXPANSION; SOLID-SOLUTIONS; PLUTONIUM; PYROCHLORE; IMMOBILIZATION; IRRADIATION; DURABILITY AB Density functional theory plus Hubbard U correction is employed to study the solubility of cerium in La2Zr2O7. The results show that La2Zr2O7 and Ce2Zr2O7 form a solid solution over the whole range of cerium content. The solubility of Ce in La2Zr2O7 can be partially attributed to the similar ionic radii of La3+ and Ce3+. Electronic structures of the La2-yCeyZr2O7 solid solution have been analyzed. The Ce 4f states are found to be partially occupied, and Ce in the La2-yCeyZr2O7 solid solution exhibits a reduced charge state. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Wang, X. J.; Zu, X. T.] Univ Elect Sci & Technol China, Dept Appl Phys, Chengdu 610054, Peoples R China. [Xiao, H. Y.; Weber, W. J.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Weber, W. J.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Xiao, HY (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM hxiao@utk.edu RI Weber, William/A-4177-2008; wang, xiangjian/K-4923-2012 OI Weber, William/0000-0002-9017-7365; FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [11004023]; Scientific Research Foundation for the Returned Overseas Chinese Scholars, State Education Ministry; Materials Science of Actinides, an Energy Frontier Research Center; US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences FX X.J. Wang was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 11004023), by the Project Sponsored by the Scientific Research Foundation for the Returned Overseas Chinese Scholars, State Education Ministry. W.J. Weber and H.Y. Xiao were supported as part of the Materials Science of Actinides, an Energy Frontier Research Center funded by the US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences. The theoretical calculations were partially performed using the supercomputer resources at the Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory (EMSL) located at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory. NR 53 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 42 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 EI 1873-4820 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 424 IS 1-3 BP 69 EP 74 DI 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2012.02.008 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 953BV UT WOS:000304842800011 ER PT J AU Huang, K Park, Y Ewh, A Sencer, BH Kennedy, JR Coffey, KR Sohn, YH AF Huang, K. Park, Y. Ewh, A. Sencer, B. H. Kennedy, J. R. Coffey, K. R. Sohn, Y. H. TI Interdiffusion and reaction between uranium and iron SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID U-ZR; THERMODYNAMIC ASSESSMENT; 923 K; FE-U; ALLOYS; SYSTEM; PHASE; BEHAVIOR; COUPLES; FUELS AB Metallic uranium alloy fuels cladded in stainless steel are being examined for fast reactors that operate at high temperature. In this work, solid-to-solid diffusion couples were assembled between pure U and Fe, and annealed at 853 K, 888 K and 923 K where U exists as orthorhombic alpha, and at 953 K and 973 K where U exists as tetragonal beta. The microstructures and concentration profiles developed during annealing were examined by scanning electron microscopy and electron probe microanalysis, respectively. U6Fe and UFe2 intermetallics developed in all diffusion couples, and U6Fe was observed to grow faster than UFe2. The interdiffusion fluxes of U and Fe were calculated to determine the integrated interdiffusion coefficients in U6Fe and UFe2. The extrinsic (K-I) and intrinsic growth constants (K-II) of U6Fe and UFe2 were also calculated according to Wagner's formalism. The difference between K-I and K-II of UFe2 indicate that its growth was impeded by the fast-growing U6Fe phase. However, the thin UFe2 played only a small role on the growth of U6Fe as its K-I and K-II values were determined to be similar. The allotropic transformation of uranium (orthorhombic a to tetragonal beta phase) was observed to influence the growth of U6Fe directly, because the growth rate of U6Fe changed based on variation of activation energy. The change in chemical potential and crystal structure of U due to the allotropic transformation affected the interdiffusion between U and U6Fe. Faster growth of U6Fe is also examined with respect to various factors including crystal structure, phase diagram, and diffusion. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Huang, K.; Park, Y.; Ewh, A.; Coffey, K. R.; Sohn, Y. H.] Univ Cent Florida, Dept Mech Mat & Aerosp Engn, Adv Mat Proc & Anal Ctr, Orlando, FL 32816 USA. [Sencer, B. H.; Kennedy, J. R.] Idaho Natl Lab, Fundamental Fuel Properties Dept, Nucl Fuel & Mat Div, Idaho Falls, ID USA. RP Sohn, YH (reprint author), Univ Cent Florida, Dept Mech Mat & Aerosp Engn, Adv Mat Proc & Anal Ctr, Orlando, FL 32816 USA. EM yongho.sohn@ucf.edu RI Sohn, Yongho/A-8517-2010; Paz y Puente, Ashley/M-2022-2015 OI Sohn, Yongho/0000-0003-3723-4743; Paz y Puente, Ashley/0000-0001-7108-7164 FU US Department of Energy under DOE-NE Idaho Operations Office [DE-AC07-05ID14517] FX This work was supported by the US Department of Energy under DOE-NE Idaho Operations Office Contract DE-AC07-05ID14517. Accordingly, The US Government retains and the publisher, by accepting the article for publication, acknowledges that the US Government retains a nonexclusive, paid-up, irrevocable, world-wide license to publish or reproduce the published form of this manuscript, or allow others to do so, for US Government purposes. NR 25 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 2 U2 17 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 424 IS 1-3 BP 82 EP 88 DI 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2012.02.004 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 953BV UT WOS:000304842800013 ER PT J AU Millett, PC Tonks, MR Biner, SB AF Millett, Paul C. Tonks, Michael R. Biner, S. B. TI Grain boundary percolation modeling of fission gas release in oxide fuels SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID SURFACE-ENERGY; IRRADIATION; DIFFUSION; MIGRATION; RATIO AB We present a new approach to fission gas release modeling in oxide fuels based on grain boundary network percolation. The method accounts for variability in the bubble growth and coalescence rates on individual grain boundaries, and the resulting effect on macroscopic fission gas release. Two-dimensional representations of fuel pellet microstructures are considered, and the resulting gas release rates are compared with traditional 2-stage Booth models, which do not account for long-range percolation on grain boundary networks. The results show that accounting for the percolation of saturated grain boundaries can considerably reduce the predicted gas release rates, particularly when gas resolution is considered. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Millett, Paul C.; Tonks, Michael R.; Biner, S. B.] Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. RP Millett, PC (reprint author), Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. EM Paul.Millett@inl.gov FU US Department of Energy FX The authors gratefully acknowledge financial support from the Nuclear Energy Modeling and Simulation (NEAMS) program within the US Department of Energy. In addition, we thank Rich Williamson (INL) for insightful conversations. NR 19 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 424 IS 1-3 BP 176 EP 182 DI 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2012.03.006 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 953BV UT WOS:000304842800027 ER PT J AU Scheele, R McNamara, B Casella, AM Kozelisky, A AF Scheele, Randall McNamara, Bruce Casella, Andrew M. Kozelisky, Anne TI On the use of thermal NF3 as the fluorination and oxidation agent in treatment of used nuclear fuels SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID FLUOREX REPROCESSING SYSTEM; PLUTONIUM HEXAFLUORIDE; VOLATILITY METHOD; VAPOUR-PRESSURES; OXIDE FUELS; URANIUM; FLUORIDES; UO2; STATE; UF6 AB This paper presents results of our investigation on the use of nitrogen trifluoride as a fluorination or fluorination/oxidation agent for separating valuable constituents from used nuclear fuels by exploiting the different volatilities of the constituent fission product and actinide fluorides. Our thermodynamic calculations show that nitrogen trifluoride has the potential to produce volatile fission product and actinide fluorides from oxides and metals that can form volatile fluorides. Simultaneous thermogravimetric and differential thermal analyses show that the oxides of lanthanum, cerium, rhodium, and plutonium are fluorinated but do not form volatile fluorides when treated with nitrogen trifluoride at temperatures up to 550 degrees C. However, depending on temperature, volatile fluorides or oxyfluorides can form from nitrogen trifluoride treatment of the oxides of niobium, molybdenum, ruthenium, tellurium, uranium, and neptunium. Thermoanalytical studies demonstrate near-quantitative separation of uranium from plutonium in a mixed 80% uranium and 20% plutonium oxide. Our studies of neat oxides and metals suggest that the reactivity of nitrogen trifluoride may be adjusted by temperature to selectively separate the major volatile fuel constituent uranium from minor volatile constituents, such as Mo, Tc, Ru and from the non-volatile fuel constituents based on differences in their reaction temperatures and kinetic behaviors. This reactivity is novel with respect to that reported for other fluorinating reagents F-2, BrF5, ClF3. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Scheele, Randall; McNamara, Bruce; Casella, Andrew M.; Kozelisky, Anne] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Scheele, R (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM randall.scheele@pnnl.gov OI Casella, Andrew/0000-0002-4053-6593 FU Battelle for the United States Department of Energy [DE-AC05-76RL01830] FX The work described in this article was performed by Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, which is operated by Battelle for the United States Department of Energy under Contract DE-AC05-76RL01830. NR 55 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 24 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 424 IS 1-3 BP 224 EP 236 DI 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2012.03.004 PG 13 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 953BV UT WOS:000304842800035 ER PT J AU Foiles, SM Baskes, MI AF Foiles, Stephen M. Baskes, Michael I. TI Contributions of the embedded-atom method to materials science and engineering SO MRS BULLETIN LA English DT Article ID PLASTIC-DEFORMATION; TRANSITION-METALS; INTERATOMIC POTENTIALS; SCREW DISLOCATIONS; BOND-ORDER; MOLYBDENUM; IMPURITIES; SILICON; GLIDE AB Many-body potentials were introduced in the early 1980s and have become a workhorse for the simulation of materials, especially metallic systems. The physical motivations for the main classes of the various many-body potentials are summarized, and the advantages of this approach are discussed. Some current examples related to grain growth, stress generation in thin films, shock loading, and nanowire deformation are presented to illustrate the continuing value of these approaches. Finally, some of the approaches that have been introduced in subsequent years are briefly described. C1 [Foiles, Stephen M.] Sandia Natl Labs, Computat Mat Sci & Engn Dept, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Baskes, Michael I.] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. RP Foiles, SM (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Computat Mat Sci & Engn Dept, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM foiles@sandia.gov; mbaskes@ucsd.edu OI Foiles, Stephen/0000-0002-1907-454X FU U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000] FX The authors would like to thank Sandia National Laboratories, a multi-program laboratory managed and operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corporation, for the U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. NR 37 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 21 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0883-7694 EI 1938-1425 J9 MRS BULL JI MRS Bull. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 37 IS 5 BP 485 EP 491 DI 10.1557/mrs.2012.93 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA 953MQ UT WOS:000304872900012 ER PT J AU Shin, YK Shan, TR Liang, T Noordhoek, MJ Sinnott, SB van Duin, ACT Phillpot, SR AF Shin, Yun Kyung Shan, Tzu-Ray Liang, Tao Noordhoek, Mark J. Sinnott, Susan B. van Duin, Adri C. T. Phillpot, Simon R. TI Variable charge many-body interatomic potentials SO MRS BULLETIN LA English DT Article ID REACTIVE FORCE-FIELD; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS SIMULATIONS; THERMAL-DECOMPOSITION; SILICA SURFACES; CONDENSED PHASES; OXIDE CATALYSTS; CARBON NANOTUBE; GRAPHENE OXIDE; THIN-FILMS; AB-INITIO AB Recent developments in reactive potentials for the simulation of complex bonding and complex chemistry are reviewed. In particular, the reactive force field and charged optimized many-body methods are two paradigms that enable atoms to autonomously determine their charge state and the nature of their local bonding environments. The capabilities of these methods are illustrated by examples involving ionic-covalent systems, a metal-covalent system, a high-k dielectric gate stack, and the interaction of water with an oxide. Prospects for future development and applications are also discussed. C1 [Shin, Yun Kyung; van Duin, Adri C. T.] Penn State Univ, Dept Mech & Nucl Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Shan, Tzu-Ray] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Liang, Tao; Noordhoek, Mark J.; Sinnott, Susan B.; Phillpot, Simon R.] Univ Florida, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. RP Shin, YK (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Dept Mech & Nucl Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. EM yks2@psu.edu; tnshan@sandia.gov; liang75@ufl.edu; mjnoord@gmail.com; ssinn@mse.ufl.edu; acv13@psu.edu; sphil@mse.ufl.edu RI Shan, Tzu-Ray/H-4994-2012; Phillpot, Simon/J-9117-2012; Sinnott, Susan/P-8523-2014; OI Sinnott, Susan/0000-0002-3598-0403; Phillpot, Simon/0000-0002-7774-6535 FU Center for Atomic Level Catalyst Design, an Energy Frontier Research Center; US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-SC0001058]; NSF [CHE-0809376, OCT 1047857, CBET 1032979]; Consortium for Advanced Simulation of Light Water Reactors, an Energy Innovation Hub for Modeling and Simulation of Nuclear Reactors under US Department of Energy [DE-AC05-000R22725]; British Royal Society; NETL/RUA [662.884.001]; FIRST center (an EFRC/DoE funded center); AFOSR [FA9550-10-1-0563]; DoE [DE-FE0005867]; AFRL/SBIR [FA8650-11-C-2185] FX The development of COMB (T.-R.S., S. R. P., and S. B. S.) has been supported by the National Science Foundation under DMR-0426870 and DMR-1005779. The work of T. L. was supported as part of the Center for Atomic Level Catalyst Design, an Energy Frontier Research Center funded by the US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences under Award Number DE-SC0001058, and by NSF CHE-0809376. The work of M.J.N. was supported by the Consortium for Advanced Simulation of Light Water Reactors, an Energy Innovation Hub for Modeling and Simulation of Nuclear Reactors under US Department of Energy Contract No. DE-AC05-000R22725. The development of ReaxFF (A. C. T. v. D. and Y.K.S.) was originally funded by the British Royal Society and is currently funded by NSF Grants OCT 1047857 and CBET 1032979, NETL/RUA contract 662.884.001, the FIRST center (an EFRC/DoE funded center), AFOSR Grant FA9550-10-1-0563, DoE grant DE-FE0005867, and AFRL/SBIR contract FA8650-11-C-2185. NR 89 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 3 U2 52 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0883-7694 EI 1938-1425 J9 MRS BULL JI MRS Bull. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 37 IS 5 BP 504 EP 512 DI 10.1557/mrs.2012.95 PG 9 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA 953MQ UT WOS:000304872900014 ER PT J AU Plimpton, SJ Thompson, AP AF Plimpton, Steven J. Thompson, Aidan P. TI Computational aspects of many-body potentials SO MRS BULLETIN LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS SIMULATION; EMBEDDED-ATOM METHOD; COULOMBIC SYSTEMS; PARTICLE-MESH; HYDROCARBONS; PROTEINS; METALS; FIELDS; ENERGY; EWALD AB We discuss the relative complexity and computational cost of several popular many-body empirical potentials, developed by the materials science community over the past 30 years. The inclusion of more detailed many-body effects has come at a computational cost, but the cost still scales linearly with the number of atoms modeled. This is enabling very large molecular dynamics simulations with unprecedented atomic-scale fidelity to physical and chemical phenomena. The cost and scalability of the potentials, run in serial and parallel, are benchmarked in the LAMMPS molecular dynamics code. Several recent large calculations performed with these potentials are highlighted to illustrate what is now possible on current supercomputers. We conclude with a brief mention of high-performance computing architecture trends and the research issues they raise for continued potential development and use. C1 [Plimpton, Steven J.; Thompson, Aidan P.] Sandia Natl Labs, Scalable Algorithms Dept, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Plimpton, SJ (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Scalable Algorithms Dept, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM sjplimp@sandia.gov; athomps@sandia.gov NR 38 TC 47 Z9 47 U1 10 U2 55 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0883-7694 J9 MRS BULL JI MRS Bull. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 37 IS 5 BP 513 EP 521 DI 10.1557/mrs.2012.96 PG 9 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA 953MQ UT WOS:000304872900015 ER PT J AU Gurdal, G Kondev, FG AF Guerdal, G. Kondev, F. G. TI Nuclear Data Sheets for A=110 SO NUCLEAR DATA SHEETS LA English DT Article ID GAMMA-RAY SPECTROSCOPY; HALF-LIFE MEASUREMENTS; MEDIUM-WEIGHT NUCLEI; INTERACTING BOSON APPROXIMATION; STATIC QUADRUPOLE-MOMENTS; NEUTRON-RICH NUCLEI; EVEN-EVEN NUCLEI; LOW-SPIN STATES; A-SIMILAR-TO-100 FISSION FRAGMENTS; DELAYED PARTICLE-EMISSION AB Evaluated nuclear structure and decay data for all nuclei within the A=110 mass chain are presented. The experimental data are evaluated and best values for level and gamma-ray energies, quantum numbers, lifetimes, gamma-ray intensities, and other nuclear properties are recommended. Inconsistencies and discrepancies that exist in the literature are noted. This work supersedes the earlier evaluation by D. De Frenne and E. Jacobs (2000De11), published in Nuclear Dots Sheets 89, 481 (2000). C1 [Guerdal, G.; Kondev, F. G.] Argonne Natl Lab, Nucl Engn Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Gurdal, G (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Nucl Engn Div, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. FU Office of Nuclear Physics, Office of Science, U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX This work is supported by the Office of Nuclear Physics, Office of Science, U.S. Department of Energy under contract DE-AC02-06CH11357. NR 399 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 5 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0090-3752 EI 1095-9904 J9 NUCL DATA SHEETS JI Nucl. Data Sheets PD MAY PY 2012 VL 113 IS 5 BP 1315 EP 1561 DI 10.1016/j.nds.2012.05.002 PG 247 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 954VF UT WOS:000304975400002 ER PT J AU Morrissey, DE Plehn, T Tait, TMP AF Morrissey, David E. Plehn, Tilman Tait, Tim M. P. TI Physics searches at the LHC SO PHYSICS REPORTS-REVIEW SECTION OF PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Review ID ELECTROWEAK SYMMETRY-BREAKING; SUPERSYMMETRIC STANDARD MODEL; HIGGS-BOSON MASS; TOPCOLOR-ASSISTED TECHNICOLOR; GRAND UNIFIED THEORIES; LARGE HADRON COLLIDER; SOFTLY BROKEN SUPERSYMMETRY; EFFECTIVE-FIELD-THEORY; TOP-QUARK PRODUCTION; PLUS MISSING ENERGY AB With the LHC up and running, the focus of experimental and theoretical high energy physics will soon turn to an interpretation of LHC data in terms of the physics of electroweak symmetry breaking and the TeV scale. We present here a broad review of models for new TeV-scale physics and their LHC signatures. In addition, we discuss possible new physics signatures and describe how they can be linked to specific models of physics beyond the Standard Model. Finally, we illustrate how the LHC era could culminate in a detailed understanding of the underlying principles of TeV-scale physics. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Tait, Tim M. P.] Univ Calif Irvine, Irvine, CA 92717 USA. [Morrissey, David E.] TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada. [Morrissey, David E.] Harvard Univ, Jefferson Phys Lab, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Plehn, Tilman] Heidelberg Univ, Inst Theoret Phys, D-6900 Heidelberg, Germany. [Tait, Tim M. P.] Northwestern Univ, Evanston, IL USA. [Tait, Tim M. P.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Tait, TMP (reprint author), Univ Calif Irvine, Irvine, CA 92717 USA. EM ttait@uci.edu FU US Department of Energy, Division of High Energy Physics [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX This work was supported in part by the US Department of Energy, Division of High Energy Physics, under Contract DE-AC02-06CH11357. NR 1224 TC 45 Z9 45 U1 1 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-1573 EI 1873-6270 J9 PHYS REP JI Phys. Rep.-Rev. Sec. Phys. Lett. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 515 IS 1-2 BP 1 EP 113 DI 10.1016/j.physrep.2012.02.007 PG 113 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 952MI UT WOS:000304796200001 ER PT J AU Mayes, MA Heal, KR Brandt, CC Phillips, JR Jardine, PM AF Mayes, Melanie A. Heal, Katherine R. Brandt, Craig C. Phillips, Jana R. Jardine, Philip M. TI Relation between Soil Order and Sorption of Dissolved Organic Carbon in Temperate Subsoils SO SOIL SCIENCE SOCIETY OF AMERICA JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID MINERAL SURFACES; FOREST SOILS; HUMIC SUBSTANCES; MATTER; ADSORPTION; DYNAMICS; MODEL; STABILIZATION; RETENTION; NUTRIENTS AB Soils have historically been considered a temporary sink for organic C, but deeper soils may serve as longer term C sinks due to the sorption of dissolved organic C (DOC) onto Fe- and clay-rich mineral soil particles. This project provides an improved understanding and predictive capability of the physical and chemical properties of deep soils that control their sorptive capacities for DOC. Two hundred thirteen subsurface soil samples (72 series from five orders) were selected from the eastern and central United States. A characterized natural DOC source was added to the soils, and the Langmuir sorption equation was fitted to the observed data by adjusting the maximum DOC sorption capacity (Q(max)) and the binding coefficient (k). Different isotherm shapes were observed for Ultisols, Alfisols, and Mollisols due to statistically significant differences in the magnitude of k, while Q(max) was statistically invariant among these three orders. Linear regressions were performed on the entire database and as a function of soil order to correlate Langmuir fitted parameters with measured soil properties, e.g., pH, clay content, total organic C (TOC), and total Fe oxide content. Together, textural clay and Fe oxide content accounted for 35% of the variation in Q(max) in the database, and clay was most important for Alfisols and Ultisols. The TOC content, however, accounted for 27% of the variation in Q(max) in Mollisols. Soil pH accounted for 45% of the variation in k for the entire database, 41% for Mollisols, and 22% for Alfisols. Our findings demonstrate that correlations between Langmuir parameters and soil properties are different for different soil orders and that k is a more sensitive parameter for DOC sorption than is Q(max) for temperate soils from the central and eastern United States. C1 [Mayes, Melanie A.; Phillips, Jana R.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Heal, Katherine R.] Univ Washington, Dep Oceanog, Seattle, WA 98122 USA. [Brandt, Craig C.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Jardine, Philip M.] Univ Tennessee, Dep Biosyst Engn & Soil Sci, Inst Secure & Sustainable Environm, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RP Mayes, MA (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM mayesma@ornl.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Student Undergraduate Laboratory Internship (DOE SULI); Oak Ridge National Laboratory's Climate Mitigation Science Focus Area through DOE'S Office of Biological and Environmental Research, Climate and Environmental Sciences Division; UT-Battelle, LLC [DE-AC05-00OR22725]; U.S. DOE FX This project is funded under the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Student Undergraduate Laboratory Internship (DOE SULI) and is part of Oak Ridge National Laboratory's Climate Mitigation Science Focus Area funded through DOE'S Office of Biological and Environmental Research, Climate and Environmental Sciences Division. We would like to thank Larry West and Thomas Reinsch from the Natural Cooperative Soil Survey for providing many of the samples used in the study. We would also like to acknowledge Deanne Brice of ORNL for TOC analysis and Sindhu Jagadamma of ORNL for reviews and technical advice. Oak Ridge National Laboratory is managed by the UT-Battelle, LLC, under Contract DE-AC05-00OR22725 with the U.S. DOE. NR 50 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 2 U2 33 PU SOIL SCI SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0361-5995 J9 SOIL SCI SOC AM J JI Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. PD MAY-JUN PY 2012 VL 76 IS 3 BP 1027 EP 1037 DI 10.2136/sssaj2011.0340 PG 11 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 951MQ UT WOS:000304725100027 ER PT J AU Singh, DJ AF Singh, D. J. TI Magnetism and Superconductivity in Iron Pnictides SO ACTA PHYSICA POLONICA A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT European Conference on Physics of Magnetism (PM) CY JUN 27-JUL 01, 2011 CL Poznan, POLAND SP Polish Acad Sci, Inst Mol Phys, Adam Mickewicz Univ, Fac Phys ID ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; LAYERED SUPERCONDUCTOR; BA0.6K0.4FE2AS2; SYSTEMS; LAOFEP; GAPS AB The discovery of high temperature superconductivity in iron pnictides and chalcogenides has resulted in surprising new insights into high temperature superconductivity and its relationship with magnetism. Here we provide an overview of some of what is known about these materials and in particular about the interplay of magnetism and superconductivity in them. Similarities and contrasts with cuprate superconductors are emphasized and the superconducting pairing is discussed within the framework of spin fluctuation induced pairing. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Singh, DJ (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RI Singh, David/I-2416-2012 NR 53 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 6 PU POLISH ACAD SCIENCES INST PHYSICS PI WARSAW PA AL LOTNIKOW 32-46, PL-02-668 WARSAW, POLAND SN 0587-4246 J9 ACTA PHYS POL A JI Acta Phys. Pol. A PD MAY-JUN PY 2012 VL 121 IS 5-6 BP 999 EP 1004 PG 6 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 952JT UT WOS:000304789500006 ER PT J AU Leloudas, G Chatzopoulos, E Dilday, B Gorosabel, J Vinko, J Gallazzi, A Wheeler, JC Bassett, B Fischer, JA Frieman, JA Fynbo, JPU Goobar, A Jelinek, M Malesani, D Nichol, RC Nordin, J Ostman, L Sako, M Schneider, DP Smith, M Sollerman, J Stritzinger, MD Thone, CC Postigo, AD AF Leloudas, G. Chatzopoulos, E. Dilday, B. Gorosabel, J. Vinko, J. Gallazzi, A. Wheeler, J. C. Bassett, B. Fischer, J. A. Frieman, J. A. Fynbo, J. P. U. Goobar, A. Jelinek, M. Malesani, D. Nichol, R. C. Nordin, J. Oestman, L. Sako, M. Schneider, D. P. Smith, M. Sollerman, J. Stritzinger, M. D. Thoene, C. C. Postigo, A. de Ugarte TI SN 2006oz: rise of a super-luminous supernova observed by the SDSS-II SN Survey SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE supernovae: general; supernovae: individual: SN 2006oz; stars: massive ID DIGITAL SKY SURVEY; STAR-FORMING GALAXIES; PAIR-INSTABILITY; LIGHT CURVES; METALLICITY RELATION; OPTICAL-SPECTRA; SHOCK BREAKOUT; IB SUPERNOVAE; IC SUPERNOVAE; MASS-LOSS AB Context. A new class of super-luminous transients has recently been identified. These objects reach absolute luminosities of M-u < -21, lack hydrogen in their spectra, and are exclusively discovered by non-targeted surveys because they are associated with very faint galaxies. Aims. We aim to contribute to a better understanding of these objects by studying SN 2006oz, a newly-recognized member of this class. Methods. We present multi-color light curves of SN 2006oz from the SDSS-II SN Survey that cover its rise time, as well as an optical spectrum that shows that the explosion occurred at z similar to 0.376. We fitted black-body functions to estimate the temperature and radius evolution of the photosphere and used the parametrized code SYNOW to model the spectrum. We constructed a bolometric light curve and compared it with explosion models. In addition, we conducted a deep search for the host galaxy with the 10 m GTC telescope. Results. The very early light curves show a dip in the g-and r-bands and a possible initial cooling phase in the u-band before rising to maximum light. The bolometric light curve shows a precursor plateau with a duration of 6-10 days in the rest-frame. A lower limit of M-u < -21.5 can be placed on the absolute peak luminosity of the SN, while the rise time is constrained to be at least 29 days. During our observations, the emitting sphere doubled its radius to similar to 2 x 10(15) cm, while the temperature remained hot at similar to 15 000 K. As for other similar SNe, the spectrum is best modeled with elements including O II and Mg II, while we tentatively suggest that Fe III might be present. The host galaxy is detected in gri with 25.74 +/- 0.19, 24.43 +/- 0.06, and 24.14 +/- 0.12, respectively. It is a faint dwarf galaxy with M-g = -16.9. Conclusions. We suggest that the precursor plateau might be related to a recombination wave in a circumstellar medium (CSM) and discuss whether this is a common property of all similar explosions. The subsequent rise can be equally well described by input from a magnetar or by ejecta-CSM interaction, but the models are not well constrained owing to the lack of post-maximum observations, and CSM interaction has difficulties accounting for the precursor plateau self-consistently. Radioactive decay is less likely to be the mechanism that powers the luminosity. The host is a moderately young and star-forming, but not a starburst, galaxy. C1 [Leloudas, G.; Gallazzi, A.; Fynbo, J. P. U.; Malesani, D.; Postigo, A. de Ugarte] Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, Dark Cosmol Ctr, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark. [Chatzopoulos, E.; Vinko, J.; Wheeler, J. C.] Univ Texas Austin, Dept Astron, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Dilday, B.] Las Cumbres Observ Global Telescope Network, Goleta, CA 93117 USA. [Dilday, B.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Phys, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. [Gorosabel, J.; Jelinek, M.; Thoene, C. C.; Postigo, A. de Ugarte] CSIC, IAA, Granada, Spain. [Vinko, J.] Univ Szeged, Dept Opt & Quantum Elect, Szeged, Hungary. [Bassett, B.; Smith, M.] African Inst Math Sci, Cape Town, South Africa. [Bassett, B.] S African Astron Observ, ZA-7935 Cape Town, South Africa. [Bassett, B.] Univ Cape Town, Dept Math, ZA-7925 Cape Town, South Africa. [Fischer, J. A.; Sako, M.] Univ Penn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Frieman, J. A.] Univ Chicago, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Fischer, J. A.] Univ Chicago, Kavli Inst Cosmol Phys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Frieman, J. A.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Ctr Particle Astrophys, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. [Leloudas, G.; Goobar, A.; Sollerman, J.; Stritzinger, M. D.] Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, Albanova Univ Ctr, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Leloudas, G.; Goobar, A.] Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, Albanova Univ Ctr, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Nichol, R. C.] Univ Portsmouth, Inst Cosmol & Gravitat, Portsmouth PO1 3FX, Hants, England. [Nordin, J.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Space Sci Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Nordin, J.] EO Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Oestman, L.] Univ Autonoma Barcelona, Inst Fis Altes Energies, Bellaterra 08193, Barcelona, Spain. [Schneider, D. P.] Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Schneider, D. P.] Penn State Univ, Inst Gravitat & Cosmos, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Smith, M.] Univ Cape Town, Dept Math & Appl Math, Astrophys Cosmol & Grav Ctr, ZA-7700 Rondebosch, South Africa. [Sollerman, J.; Stritzinger, M. D.] Stockholm Univ, Dept Astron, Albanova Univ Ctr, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Stritzinger, M. D.] Aarhus Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark. RP Leloudas, G (reprint author), Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, Dark Cosmol Ctr, Blegdamsvej 17, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark. EM giorgos@dark-cosmology.dk RI Fynbo, Johan/L-8496-2014; Jelinek, Martin/E-5290-2016; OI Fynbo, Johan/0000-0002-8149-8298; stritzinger, maximilian/0000-0002-5571-1833; Jelinek, Martin/0000-0003-3922-7416; Thone, Christina/0000-0002-7978-7648; Sollerman, Jesper/0000-0003-1546-6615; de Ugarte Postigo, Antonio/0000-0001-7717-5085 FU Carlsberg foundation; Danish National Research Foundation; Hungarian OTKA [K76816]; NSF [AST-1109801]; ERC-StG [EGGS-278202]; Spanish MEC [AYA2010-21887-C04-01]; FEDER; Alfred P. Sloan Foundation; National Science Foundation; US Department of Energy; National Aeronautics and Space Administration; Japanese Monbukagakusho; Max Planck Society; Higher Education Funding Council for England; American Museum of Natural History; Astrophysical Institute Potsdam, University of Basel; University of Cambridge; Case Western Reserve University; University of Chicago; Drexel University, Fermilab; Institute for Advanced Study; Japan Participation Group; Johns Hopkins University; Joint Institute for Nuclear Astrophysics; Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology; Korean Scientist Group; Chinese Academy of Sciences (LAMOST); Los Alamos National Laboratory; Max-Planck-Institute for Astronomy (MPIA); Max-Planck-Institute for Astrophysics (MPA); New Mexico State University; Ohio State University; University of Pittsburgh; University of Portsmouth; Princeton University; United States Naval Observatory; University of Washington; [AYA-2011-24780/ESP]; [AYA2009-14000-C03-01] FX We are grateful to Thomas Kruhler and Lars Mattson for discussions and help. G. L. especially thanks Stephen Smartt for the initial encouragement and for providing comments on the manuscript. G. L. is supported by the Carlsberg foundation. The Dark Cosmology Centre is funded by the Danish National Research Foundation. The research activity of J.G. and A.d.U.P. is supported by Spanish research grants AYA-2011-24780/ESP and AYA2009-14000-C03-01. J.V. received support from Hungarian OTKA Grant K76816. J.C.W. is supported in part by NSF AST-1109801. J.P.U.F. acknowledges support from the ERC-StG grant EGGS-278202. C. C. T. acknowledges partial funding by project AYA2010-21887-C04-01 "Estallidos" of the Spanish MEC and by FEDER. We acknowledge the use of the Weizmann Institute of Science Experimental Astrophysics Spectroscopy System. Based on observations made with the Gran Telescopio Canarias (GTC), installed in the Spanish Observatorio del Roque de los Muchachos of the Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias, in the island of La Palma. Funding for the SDSS and SDSS-II has been provided by the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, the Participating Institutions, the National Science Foundation, the US Department of Energy, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, the Japanese Monbukagakusho, the Max Planck Society, and the Higher Education Funding Council for England. The SDSS Web Site is http://www.sdss.org/. The SDSS is managed by the Astrophysical Research Consortium for the Participating Institutions. The Participating Institutions are the American Museum of Natural History, Astrophysical Institute Potsdam, University of Basel, University of Cambridge, Case Western Reserve University, University of Chicago, Drexel University, Fermilab, the Institute for Advanced Study, the Japan Participation Group, Johns Hopkins University, the Joint Institute for Nuclear Astrophysics, the Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, the Korean Scientist Group, the Chinese Academy of Sciences (LAMOST), Los Alamos National Laboratory, the Max-Planck-Institute for Astronomy (MPIA), the Max-Planck-Institute for Astrophysics (MPA), New Mexico State University, Ohio State University, University of Pittsburgh, University of Portsmouth, Princeton University, the United States Naval Observatory, and the University of Washington. NR 65 TC 41 Z9 41 U1 0 U2 4 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 0004-6361 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS JI Astron. Astrophys. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 541 AR A129 DI 10.1051/0004-6361/201118498 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 946XN UT WOS:000304390900129 ER PT J AU Chen, RC Yang, L Dai, YY Zhu, ZQ Peng, SM Long, XG Gao, F Zu, XT AF Chen Ru-Cheng Yang Li Dai Yun-Ya Zhu Zi-Qiang Peng Shu-Ming Long Xing-Gui Gao Fei Zu Xiao-Tao TI Ab initio study of H and He migrations in beta-phase Sc, Y, and Er hydrides SO CHINESE PHYSICS B LA English DT Article DE hydrogen; helium; metal hydride; ab initio calculation ID METAL-TRITIUM SYSTEMS; AUGMENTED-WAVE METHOD; HELIUM RELEASE; DAMAGE AB Ab initio calculations based on the density functional theory have been performed to investigate the migrations of hydrogen (H) and helium (He) atoms in beta-phase scandium (Sc), yttrium (Y), and erbium (Er) hydrides with three different ratios of H to metal. The results show that the migration mechanisms of H and He atoms mainly depend on the crystal structures of hydrides, but their energy barriers are affected by the host-lattice in metal hydrides. The formation energies of octahedral-occupancy H (H-oct) and tetrahedral vacancy (V-tet) pairs are almost the same (about 1.2 eV). It is of interest to note that the migration barriers of H increase with increasing host-lattice atomic number. In addition, the results show that the favorable migration mechanism of He depends slightly on the V-tet in the Sc hydride, but strongly on that in the Y and Er hydrides, which may account for different behaviours of initial He release from ScT2 and ErT2 C1 [Chen Ru-Cheng; Yang Li; Dai Yun-Ya; Zhu Zi-Qiang; Zu Xiao-Tao] Univ Elect Sci & Technol China, Dept Appl Phys, Chengdu 610054, Peoples R China. [Yang Li; Gao Fei] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Peng Shu-Ming; Long Xing-Gui] China Acad Engn Phys, Inst Nucl Phys & Chem, Mianyang 621900, Peoples R China. RP Yang, L (reprint author), Univ Elect Sci & Technol China, Dept Appl Phys, Chengdu 610054, Peoples R China. EM yanglildk@uestc.edu.cn; fei.gao@pnnl.gov RI Gao, Fei/H-3045-2012 FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [10976007]; Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities [ZYGX2009J040]; Science and Technology Foundation of China Academy of Engineering Physics [2009A0301015]; US Department of Energy, Office of Fusion Energy Science [DE-AC06-76RLO 1830] FX Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 10976007), the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (Grant No. ZYGX2009J040), the Science and Technology Foundation of China Academy of Engineering Physics (Grant No. 2009A0301015), and the US Department of Energy, Office of Fusion Energy Science (under Contract DE-AC06-76RLO 1830). NR 25 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 3 U2 13 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1674-1056 J9 CHINESE PHYS B JI Chin. Phys. B PD MAY PY 2012 VL 21 IS 5 AR 056601 DI 10.1088/1674-1056/21/5/056601 PG 9 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 941WP UT WOS:000303999000071 ER PT J AU Tian, Y Yu, WK Vetter, JS AF Tian, Yuan Yu, Weikuan Vetter, Jeffrey S. TI RXIO: Design and implementation of high performance RDMA-capable GridFTP SO COMPUTERS & ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article ID STORAGE AB For its low-latency, high bandwidth, and low CPU utilization, Remote Direct Memory Access (RDMA) has established itself as an effective data movement technology in many networking environments. However, the transport protocols of grid run-time systems, such as GridFTP in Globus, are not yet capable of utilizing RDMA. In this study, we examine the architecture of GridFTP for the feasibility of enabling RDMA. An RDMA-capable XIO (RXIO) framework is designed and implemented to extend its XIO system and match the characteristics of RDMA. Our experimental results demonstrate that RDMA can significantly improve the performance of GridETP, reducing the latency by 32% and increasing the bandwidth by more than three times. In achieving such performance improvements, RDMA dramatically cuts down CPU utilization of GridFTP clients and servers. These results demonstrate that RXIO can effectively exploit the benefits of RDMA for GridFTP. It offers a good prototype to further leverage GridFTP on wide-area RDMA networks. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Tian, Yuan; Yu, Weikuan] Auburn Univ, Dept Comp Sci, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. [Yu, Weikuan; Vetter, Jeffrey S.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Tian, Y (reprint author), Auburn Univ, Dept Comp Sci, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. EM tianyua@auburn.edu; wkyu@auburn.edu; vetter@ornl.gov FU UT-Battelle [UT-B-4000087150]; National Science Foundation [CNS-1059376]; Office of Advanced Scientific Computing Research; US Department of Energy; Office of Science of the US Department of Energy [DE-AC05-00OR22725] FX This work was funded in part by a UT-Battelle grant (UT-B-4000087150) to Auburn University, and in part by a National Science Foundation award CNS-1059376. This research was also sponsored in part by the Office of Advanced Scientific Computing Research; US Department of Energy. This research used resources of the Experimental Computing Laboratory at Oak Ridge National Laboratory, which is supported by the Office of Science of the US Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC05-00OR22725. We are very thankful for an InfiniBand equipment donation from HPC Advisor Council to Auburn University. Portions of this research were also conducted with high performance computational resources provided by the Louisiana Optical Network Initiative (http://www.loni.org). We are very grateful for the technical support from the LONI team. NR 32 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 5 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0045-7906 J9 COMPUT ELECTR ENG JI Comput. Electr. Eng. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 38 IS 3 SI SI BP 772 EP 784 DI 10.1016/j.compeleceng.2011.11.008 PG 13 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA 949MA UT WOS:000304579100026 ER PT J AU Vasco, DW Minkoff, SE AF Vasco, D. W. Minkoff, Susan E. TI On the propagation of a disturbance in a heterogeneous, deformable, porous medium saturated with two fluid phases SO GEOPHYSICS LA English DT Article ID WAVE-PROPAGATION; HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY; ACOUSTIC PROPAGATION; ASYMPTOTIC APPROACH; TRANSIENT-RESPONSE; DYNAMIC BEHAVIOR; WATER SATURATION; FREQUENCY RANGE; ELASTIC WAVES; 2-PHASE FLUID AB The coupled modeling of the flow of two immiscible fluid phases in a heterogeneous, elastic, porous material is formulated in a manner analogous to that for a single fluid phase. An asymptotic technique, valid when the heterogeneity is smoothly varying, is used to derive equations for the phase velocities of the various modes of propagation. A cubic equation is associated with the phase velocities of the longitudinal modes. The coefficients of the cubic equation are expressed in terms of sums of the determinants of 3 x 3 matrices whose elements are the parameters found in the governing equations. In addition to the three longitudinal modes, there is a transverse mode of propagation, a generalization of the elastic shear wave. Estimates of the phase velocities for a homogeneous medium, based upon the formulas in this paper, agree with previous studies. Furthermore, predictions of longitudinal and transverse phase velocities, made for the Massilon sandstone containing varying amounts of air and water, are compatible with laboratory observations. C1 [Vasco, D. W.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Minkoff, Susan E.] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Dept Math & Stat, Baltimore, MD 21228 USA. RP Vasco, DW (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM dwvasco@lbl.gov; sminkoff@umbc.edu RI Vasco, Donald/I-3167-2016; Vasco, Donald/G-3696-2015 OI Vasco, Donald/0000-0003-1210-8628; Vasco, Donald/0000-0003-1210-8628 FU Office of Basic Energy Sciences of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC03-76SF00098] FX This work was supported by the Assistant Secretary, Office of Basic Energy Sciences of the U.S. Department of Energy under contract DE-AC03-76SF00098. We would like to thank Jim Berryman, and by extension William Murphy, for supplying the data from the Massilon sandstone experiments. NR 73 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 5 PU SOC EXPLORATION GEOPHYSICISTS PI TULSA PA 8801 S YALE ST, TULSA, OK 74137 USA SN 0016-8033 EI 1942-2156 J9 GEOPHYSICS JI Geophysics PD MAY-JUN PY 2012 VL 77 IS 3 BP L25 EP L44 DI 10.1190/GEO2011-0131.1 PG 20 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 949OB UT WOS:000304584400027 ER PT J AU Wang, S Xia, JL de Hoop, MV Li, XYS AF Wang, Shen Xia, Jianlin de Hoop, Maarten V. Li, Xiaoye S. TI Massively parallel structured direct solver for equations describing time-harmonic qP-polarized waves in TTI media SO GEOPHYSICS LA English DT Article ID TRANSVERSELY ISOTROPIC MEDIA; MULTIFRONTAL METHOD; ANISOTROPIC MEDIA; PROPAGATION AB We considered the discretization and approximate solutions of equations describing time-harmonic qP-polarized waves in 3D inhomogeneous anisotropic media. The anisotropy comprises general (tilted) transversely isotropic symmetries. We are concerned with solving these equations for a large number of different sources. We considered higher-order partial differential equations and variable-order finite-difference schemes to accommodate anisotropy on the one hand and allow higher-order accuracy - to control sampling rates for relatively high frequencies - on the other hand. We made use of a nested dissection based domain decomposition in a massively parallel multifrontal solver combined with hierarchically semiseparable matrix compression techniques. The higher-order partial differential operators and the variable-order finite-difference schemes require the introduction of separators with variable thickness in the nested dissection; the development Of these and their integration with the multifrontal solver is the main focus of our study. The algorithm that we developed is a powerful tool for anisotropic full-waveform inversion. C1 [Wang, Shen; Xia, Jianlin; de Hoop, Maarten V.] Purdue Univ, Dept Math, Ctr Computat & Appl Math, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Li, Xiaoye S.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Computat Res Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Wang, S (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Dept Math, Ctr Computat & Appl Math, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. EM wang273@purdue.edu; xiaj@math.purdue.edu; mdehoop@math.purdue.edu; xsli@lbl.gov FU ConocoPhillips of the Geo-Mathematical Imaging Group (GMIG); ExxonMobil of the Geo-Mathematical Imaging Group (GMIG); Total of the Geo-Mathematical Imaging Group (GMIG); PGS of the Geo-Mathematical Imaging Group (GMIG); Statoil of the Geo-Mathematical Imaging Group (GMIG); NSF [DMS-1115572, CHE-0957024]; NSF CMG [DMS-1025318]; Office of Science, Office of Advanced Scientific Computing Research of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX The authors thank the members, ConocoPhillips, ExxonMobil, Total, PGS, and Statoil, of the Geo-Mathematical Imaging Group (GMIG) for partial financial support. J. Xia was supported in part by NSF grants DMS-1115572 and CHE-0957024, M. V. de Hoop was supported in part by NSF CMG grant DMS-1025318, and X. S. Li was supported in part by the director, Office of Science, Office of Advanced Scientific Computing Research of the U.S. Department of Energy under the contract DE-AC02-05CH11231. The authors thank PGS for providing the 3D TTI model. They also thank the National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory for providing the computing resources, and Tariq Alkhalifah for his invaluable comments and suggestions. NR 26 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 6 PU SOC EXPLORATION GEOPHYSICISTS PI TULSA PA 8801 S YALE ST, TULSA, OK 74137 USA SN 0016-8033 J9 GEOPHYSICS JI Geophysics PD MAY-JUN PY 2012 VL 77 IS 3 BP T69 EP T82 DI 10.1190/GEO2011-0163.1 PG 14 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 949OB UT WOS:000304584400035 ER PT J AU Revilleza, MJ Levin, D Mage, M Candon, S Natarajan, K Rui, W Teyton, L Robinson, H Shevach, E Margulies, D AF Revilleza, Maria Jamela Levin, Ditza Mage, Michael Candon, Sophie Natarajan, Kannan Rui, Wang Teyton, Luc Robinson, Howard Shevach, Ethan Margulies, David TI Functional and structural basis of T cell recognition in autoimmune gastritis: mapping of autoantigenic peptides of the alpha-chain of the H/K ATPase and X-ray structure of the I-Ad/peptide complexes SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 99th Annual Meeting of the American-Association-of-Immunologists CY MAY 04-08, 2012 CL Boston, MA SP Amer Assoc Immunol C1 [Revilleza, Maria Jamela; Mage, Michael; Natarajan, Kannan; Rui, Wang; Shevach, Ethan; Margulies, David] NIAID, Immunol Lab, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Levin, Ditza] Ort Braude Engn Coll, Biotechnol Engn Dept, Karmiel, Israel. [Candon, Sophie] Univ Paris 05, Hop Necker Enfants Malad, Sorbonne Paris Cite, Fac Med, Paris, France. [Teyton, Luc] Scripps Res Inst, Dept Immunol, San Diego, CA USA. [Robinson, Howard] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER ASSOC IMMUNOLOGISTS PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-1767 J9 J IMMUNOL JI J. Immunol. PD MAY 1 PY 2012 VL 188 PG 1 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA 950OX UT WOS:000304659700625 ER PT J AU Weilhammer, D Blanchette, C Fischer, N El-Etr, S Loots, G Corzett, M Hwang, M Thomas, C Lychak, C Mohammadi, S Rasley, A AF Weilhammer, Dina Blanchette, Craig Fischer, Nicholas El-Etr, Sahar Loots, Gabriela Corzett, Michele Hwang, Mona Thomas, Cindy Lychak, Cheri Mohammadi, Sanaz Rasley, Amy TI In vitro and in vivo characterization of nanolipoproteins (NLPs) conjugated with innate immune agonists: implications for host-based therapeutics SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 99th Annual Meeting of the American-Association-of-Immunologists CY MAY 04-08, 2012 CL Boston, MA SP Amer Assoc Immunol C1 [Weilhammer, Dina; Blanchette, Craig; Fischer, Nicholas; El-Etr, Sahar; Loots, Gabriela; Corzett, Michele; Hwang, Mona; Thomas, Cindy; Lychak, Cheri; Mohammadi, Sanaz; Rasley, Amy] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Biosci & Biotechnol Div, Livermore, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER ASSOC IMMUNOLOGISTS PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-1767 J9 J IMMUNOL JI J. Immunol. PD MAY 1 PY 2012 VL 188 PG 1 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA 950OX UT WOS:000304659700320 ER PT J AU Lev, DR Choueiri, EY AF Lev, Dan R. Choueiri, Edgar Y. TI Scaling of Efficiency with Applied Magnetic Field in Magnetoplasmadynamic Thrusters SO JOURNAL OF PROPULSION AND POWER LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 48th Joint Propulsion Conference CY JUL 25-28, 2010 CL Nashville, TN AB An investigation of the scaling of thrust efficiency with the applied magnetic field in applied-field magnetoplasmadynamic thrusters is carried out in order to provide guidelines for scaling and controlling applied-field magnetoplasmadynamic thruster performance. Thruster voltage measurements were made at different current, applied-magnetic-field, and mass-flow-rate levels in a 30 kW lithium-fed applied-field magnetoplasmadynamic thruster. The efficiency was then calculated using the voltage data along with a semiempirical thrust formula derived and verified previously for the same thruster. The nonuseful voltage component (the voltage associated with the thruster's power losses) was found to scale linearly with the current and applied magnetic field and inversely with the mass flow rate. This behavior was attributed to electrode sheath effects and decreased conductivity with an increasing applied magnetic field. The efficiency was found to increase with the applied magnetic field for all current and mass-flow-rate values, and the enhancement of the efficiency by the applied magnetic field was found to be greater when the mass flow rate was reduced. The observed minimum in the efficiency versus the current curve was related to the interplay between the components of the thrust and was shown experimentally and analytically to increase with increasing the applied field and decreasing the mass flow rate. C1 [Lev, Dan R.; Choueiri, Edgar Y.] Princeton Univ, Elect Prop & Plasma Dynam Lab, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Choueiri, Edgar Y.] Princeton Univ, Appl Phys Grp, Mech & Aerosp Engn Dept, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. RP Lev, DR (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Elect Prop & Plasma Dynam Lab, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. NR 30 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA SN 0748-4658 J9 J PROPUL POWER JI J. Propul. Power PD MAY-JUN PY 2012 VL 28 IS 3 BP 609 EP 616 DI 10.2514/1.B34194 PG 8 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA 945OS UT WOS:000304286500016 ER PT J AU Antonio, D Zanette, DH Lopez, D AF Antonio, Dario Zanette, Damian H. Lopez, Daniel TI Frequency stabilization in nonlinear micromechanical oscillators SO NATURE COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article ID RESONATORS AB Mechanical oscillators are present in almost every electronic device. They mainly consist of a resonating element providing an oscillating output with a specific frequency. Their ability to maintain a determined frequency in a specified period of time is the most important parameter limiting their implementation. Historically, quartz crystals have almost exclusively been used as the resonating element, but micromechanical resonators are increasingly being considered to replace them. These resonators are easier to miniaturize and allow for monolithic integration with electronics. However, as their dimensions shrink to the microscale, most mechanical resonators exhibit nonlinearities that considerably degrade the frequency stability of the oscillator. Here we demonstrate that, by coupling two different vibrational modes through an internal resonance, it is possible to stabilize the oscillation frequency of nonlinear self-sustaining micromechanical resonators. Our findings provide a new strategy for engineering low-frequency noise oscillators capitalizing on the intrinsic nonlinear phenomena of micromechanical resonators. C1 [Antonio, Dario; Lopez, Daniel] Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Nanoscale Mat, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Zanette, Damian H.] Ctr Atom Bariloche, Consejo Nacl Invest Cient & Tecn, RA-8400 San Carlos De Bariloche, Rio Negro, Argentina. [Zanette, Damian H.] Inst Balseiro, RA-8400 San Carlos De Bariloche, Rio Negro, Argentina. RP Lopez, D (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Nanoscale Mat, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM dlopez@anl.gov OI Zanette, Damian/0000-0003-0681-0592 FU U. S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX We thank T. W. Kenny and V. A. Aksyuk for helpful discussion. Use of the Center for Nanoscale Materials was supported by the U. S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. NR 27 TC 57 Z9 58 U1 4 U2 27 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 2041-1723 J9 NAT COMMUN JI Nat. Commun. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 3 AR 806 DI 10.1038/ncomms1813 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 949XP UT WOS:000304611400006 PM 22549835 ER PT J AU Lee, WS Chuang, YD Moore, RG Zhu, Y Patthey, L Trigo, M Lu, DH Kirchmann, PS Krupin, O Yi, M Langner, M Huse, N Robinson, JS Chen, Y Zhou, SY Coslovich, G Huber, B Reis, DA Kaindl, RA Schoenlein, RW Doering, D Denes, P Schlotter, WF Turner, JJ Johnson, SL Forst, M Sasagawa, T Kung, YF Sorini, AP Kemper, AF Moritz, B Devereaux, TP Lee, DH Shen, ZX Hussain, Z AF Lee, W. S. Chuang, Y. D. Moore, R. G. Zhu, Y. Patthey, L. Trigo, M. Lu, D. H. Kirchmann, P. S. Krupin, O. Yi, M. Langner, M. Huse, N. Robinson, J. S. Chen, Y. Zhou, S. Y. Coslovich, G. Huber, B. Reis, D. A. Kaindl, R. A. Schoenlein, R. W. Doering, D. Denes, P. Schlotter, W. F. Turner, J. J. Johnson, S. L. Foerst, M. Sasagawa, T. Kung, Y. F. Sorini, A. P. Kemper, A. F. Moritz, B. Devereaux, T. P. Lee, D-H Shen, Z. X. Hussain, Z. TI Phase fluctuations and the absence of topological defects in a photo-excited charge-ordered nickelate SO NATURE COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article ID X-RAY-DIFFRACTION; DENSITY WAVES; LASER; SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; EXCITATIONS; SPINS; HOLES AB The dynamics of an order parameter's amplitude and phase determines the collective behaviour of novel states emerging in complex materials. Time- and momentum-resolved pump-probe spectroscopy, by virtue of measuring material properties at atomic and electronic time scales out of equilibrium, can decouple entangled degrees of freedom by visualizing their corresponding dynamics in the time domain. Here we combine time-resolved femotosecond optical and resonant X-ray diffraction measurements on charge ordered La1.75Sr0.25NiO4 to reveal unforeseen photoinduced phase fluctuations of the charge order parameter. Such fluctuations preserve long-range order without creating topological defects, distinct from thermal phase fluctuations near the critical temperature in equilibrium. Importantly, relaxation of the phase fluctuations is found to be an order of magnitude slower than that of the order parameter's amplitude fluctuations, and thus limits charge order recovery. This new aspect of phase fluctuations provides a more holistic view of the phase's importance in ordering phenomena of quantum matter. C1 [Lee, W. S.; Moore, R. G.; Patthey, L.; Trigo, M.; Kirchmann, P. S.; Yi, M.; Chen, Y.; Reis, D. A.; Kung, Y. F.; Sorini, A. P.; Kemper, A. F.; Moritz, B.; Devereaux, T. P.; Shen, Z. X.] SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford Inst Mat & Energy Sci, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. [Lee, W. S.; Moore, R. G.; Patthey, L.; Trigo, M.; Kirchmann, P. S.; Yi, M.; Chen, Y.; Reis, D. A.; Kung, Y. F.; Sorini, A. P.; Kemper, A. F.; Moritz, B.; Devereaux, T. P.; Shen, Z. X.] Stanford Univ, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. [Chuang, Y. D.; Zhou, S. Y.; Schoenlein, R. W.; Hussain, Z.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Adv Light Source, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Zhu, Y.; Langner, M.; Huse, N.; Robinson, J. S.; Zhou, S. Y.; Coslovich, G.; Huber, B.; Kaindl, R. A.; Schoenlein, R. W.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Patthey, L.; Johnson, S. L.] Paul Scherrer Inst, Swiss Light Source, CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland. [Trigo, M.; Reis, D. A.] SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford PULSE Inst Ultrafast Energy Sci, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. [Lu, D. H.] SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lightsource, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. [Krupin, O.] European XFEL, Hamburg, Germany. [Krupin, O.; Schlotter, W. F.; Turner, J. J.] SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Linac Coherent Light Source, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. [Huse, N.; Foerst, M.] Univ Hamburg, Max Planck Res Grp Struct Dynam, CFEL, Hamburg, Germany. [Doering, D.; Denes, P.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Sasagawa, T.] Tokyo Inst Technol, Mat & Struct Lab, Kanagawa 2268503, Japan. [Lee, D-H] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Lee, WS (reprint author), SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford Inst Mat & Energy Sci, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. EM leews@stanford.edu; zxshen@stanford.edu RI Forst, Michael/D-8924-2012; Johnson, Steven/B-3252-2008; Zhou, Shuyun/A-5750-2009; Yi, Ming/E-3145-2010; Kirchmann, Patrick/C-1195-2008; Schoenlein, Robert/D-1301-2014; Sasagawa, Takao/E-6666-2014; Moritz, Brian/D-7505-2015; Kemper, Alexander/F-8243-2016; Huse, Nils/A-5712-2017 OI Johnson, Steven/0000-0001-6074-4894; Kirchmann, Patrick/0000-0002-4835-0654; Schoenlein, Robert/0000-0002-6066-7566; Sasagawa, Takao/0000-0003-0149-6696; Moritz, Brian/0000-0002-3747-8484; Kemper, Alexander/0000-0002-5426-5181; Huse, Nils/0000-0002-3281-7600 FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering [DE-AC02-76SF00515]; SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory (SLAC); Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences; SLAC Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource; SLAC Stanford PULSE Institute; Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL) Advanced Light Source [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; LBNL Materials Sciences Division; LBNL Chemical Science Division; LBNL Engineering Division; Alexander-von-Humboldt Foundation; Department of Defense (DoD); DOE [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; LCLS; Stanford University - SIMES; LBNL; University of Hamburg through the BMBF [FSP 301]; Center for Free Electron Laser Science (CFEL) FX This research was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering under Contract No. DE-AC02-76SF00515, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory (SLAC), Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences (W. S. L., R. G. M., L. P., M. T, Y.C., D. A. R, Y.F.K., A. P. S., A. F. K., B. M, T. P. D., Z.X.S), SLAC Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource (D.H.Lu), SLAC Stanford PULSE Institute (M. T., D. A. R.) and under contract number DE-AC02-05CH11231 Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL) Advanced Light Source (Y.D.C., Z.H.), LBNL Materials Sciences Division (M. L., J.S.R., Y.Z., S.Y.Z., G. C., B. H. R. A. K., R. W. S.), LBNL Chemical Science Division (N. H.), and LBNL Engineering Division (D. D., P. D.). P. S. K acknowledges support by the Alexander-von-Humboldt Foundation through a Feodor-Lynen scholarship. Y.F.K. was supported by the Department of Defense (DoD) through the National Defense Science and Engineering Graduate Fellowship (NDSEG) Program. D. H. Lee acknowledges the support by the DOE grant number DE-AC02-05CH11231. The SXR Instrument at LCLS is funded by a consortium whose membership includes LCLS, Stanford University - SIMES, LBNL, University of Hamburg through the BMBF priority program FSP 301 and the Center for Free Electron Laser Science (CFEL). NR 30 TC 38 Z9 38 U1 4 U2 65 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 2041-1723 J9 NAT COMMUN JI Nat. Commun. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 3 AR 838 DI 10.1038/ncomms1837 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 949XP UT WOS:000304611400033 PM 22588300 ER PT J AU Patel, N Atack, JM Finger, LD Exell, JC Thompson, P Tsutakawa, S Tainer, JA Williams, DM Grasby, JA AF Patel, Nikesh Atack, John M. Finger, L. David Exell, Jack C. Thompson, Peter Tsutakawa, Susan Tainer, John A. Williams, David M. Grasby, Jane A. TI Flap endonucleases pass 5 '-flaps through a flexible arch using a disorder-thread-order mechanism to confer specificity for free 5 '-ends SO NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID NUCLEOTIDE EXCISION-REPAIR; DNA-POLYMERASE-I; SUBSTRATE-SPECIFICITY; STRUCTURAL BASIS; NUCLEASES BIND; 3'-FLAP POCKET; METAL-IONS; CATALYSIS; CLEAVAGE; EXONUCLEASE AB Flap endonucleases (FENs), essential for DNA replication and repair, recognize and remove RNA or DNA 5'-flaps. Related to FEN specificity for substrates with free 5'-ends, but controversial, is the role of the helical arch observed in varying conformations in substrate-free FEN structures. Conflicting models suggest either 5'-flaps thread through the arch, which when structured can only accommodate single-stranded (ss) DNA, or the arch acts as a clamp. Here we show that free 5'-termini are selected using a disorder-thread-order mechanism. Adding short duplexes to 5'-flaps or 3'-streptavidin does not markedly impair the FEN reaction. In contrast, reactions of 5'-streptavidin substrates are drastically slowed. However, when added to premixed FEN and 5'-biotinylated substrate, streptavidin is not inhibitory and complexes persist after challenge with unlabelled competitor substrate, regardless of flap length or the presence of a short duplex. Cross-linked flap duplexes that cannot thread through the structured arch react at modestly reduced rate, ruling out mechanisms involving resolution of secondary structure. Combined results explain how FEN avoids cutting template DNA between Okazaki fragments and link local FEN folding to catalysis and specificity: the arch is disordered when flaps are threaded to confer specificity for free 5'-ends, with subsequent ordering of the arch to catalyze hydrolysis. C1 [Patel, Nikesh; Atack, John M.; Finger, L. David; Exell, Jack C.; Thompson, Peter; Williams, David M.; Grasby, Jane A.] Univ Sheffield, Dept Chem, Ctr Chem Biol, Krebs Inst, Sheffield S3 7HF, S Yorkshire, England. [Tsutakawa, Susan; Tainer, John A.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Tainer, John A.] Scripps Res Inst, Dept Mol Biol, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA. [Tainer, John A.] Skaggs Inst Chem Biol, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA. RP Grasby, JA (reprint author), Univ Sheffield, Dept Chem, Ctr Chem Biol, Krebs Inst, Sheffield S3 7HF, S Yorkshire, England. EM j.a.grasby@sheffield.ac.uk RI Williams, David/J-9627-2013; Atack, John/B-7961-2015; OI Atack, John/0000-0002-7994-6995; Finger, L. David/0000-0002-2342-9569; Thompson, Peter/0000-0002-4688-3414 FU Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council [BBF0147321]; European Community [PIIF-GA-2009-254386]; National Cancer Institute [RO1 CA081967, P01 CA092584] FX Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (grant number BBF0147321 to J.A.G.); Marie Curie International Incoming Fellowship within the 7th European Community Framework Programme (project number PIIF-GA-2009-254386 to L. D. F.); National Cancer Institute (grant numbers RO1 CA081967, P01 CA092584 to J.A.T.). Funding for open access charge: BBSRC. NR 46 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 3 U2 30 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0305-1048 J9 NUCLEIC ACIDS RES JI Nucleic Acids Res. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 40 IS 10 BP 4507 EP 4519 DI 10.1093/nar/gks051 PG 13 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 948XA UT WOS:000304535500031 PM 22319208 ER PT J AU Ciapurin, IV Drachenberg, DR Smirnov, VI Venus, GB Glebov, LB AF Ciapurin, Igor V. Drachenberg, Derrek R. Smirnov, Vadim I. Venus, George B. Glebov, Leonid B. TI Modeling of phase volume diffractive gratings, part 2: reflecting sinusoidal uniform gratings, Bragg mirrors (vol 51, 058001, 2012) SO OPTICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Correction C1 [Ciapurin, Igor V.; Smirnov, Vadim I.] OptiGrate Corp, Orlando, FL 32826 USA. [Drachenberg, Derrek R.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, NIF, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. [Drachenberg, Derrek R.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Photon Sci Directorate, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. [Drachenberg, Derrek R.; Venus, George B.; Glebov, Leonid B.] Univ Cent Florida, CREOL Coll Opt & Photon, Orlando, FL 32816 USA. RP Ciapurin, IV (reprint author), OptiGrate Corp, 3267 Progress Dr, Orlando, FL 32826 USA. EM derrekdrach@gmail.com NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU SPIE-SOC PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98225 USA SN 0091-3286 J9 OPT ENG JI Opt. Eng. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 51 IS 5 AR 059803 DI 10.1117/1.OE.51.5.059803 PG 1 WC Optics SC Optics GA 949YU UT WOS:000304615300052 ER PT J AU Ciapurin, IV Drachenberg, DR Smirnov, VI Venus, GB Glebov, LB AF Ciapurin, Igor V. Drachenberg, Derrek R. Smirnov, Vadim I. Venus, George B. Glebov, Leonid B. TI Modeling of phase volume diffractive gratings, part 2: reflecting sinusoidal uniform gratings, Bragg mirrors SO OPTICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE volume Bragg gratings; diffractive optical elements; volume holography; optical design; diffractive optics; Bragg mirrors; retroreflectors; holography applications ID FINITE BEAMS; LASER-DIODES AB A detailed model of diffraction of plane and Gaussian beams on plane uniform phase Bragg gratings based on a Kogelnik's theory of coupled waves is presented. The model describes reflecting gratings (Bragg mirrors) with arbitrary orientation in a plane-parallel plate having no material losses. It takes into account spectral width and angular divergence of laser beams. The results of modeling are compared with experimental data for Bragg mirrors in a photo-thermo-refractive glass. (C) 2012 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE). [DOI: 10.1117/1.OE.51.5.058001] C1 [Ciapurin, Igor V.; Smirnov, Vadim I.] OptiGrate Corp, Orlando, FL 32826 USA. [Drachenberg, Derrek R.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, NIF, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. [Drachenberg, Derrek R.] Photon Sci Directorate, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. [Drachenberg, Derrek R.; Venus, George B.; Glebov, Leonid B.] Univ Cent Florida, CREOL, Coll Opt & Photon, Orlando, FL 32816 USA. RP Ciapurin, IV (reprint author), OptiGrate Corp, 3267 Progress Dr, Orlando, FL 32826 USA. EM derrekdrach@gmail.com OI Drachenberg, Derrek/0000-0001-7762-0994 FU DARPA/ADHELS [H0011-06-1-0010] FX This work was supported by the DARPA/ADHELS program; contract number H0011-06-1-0010. The authors thank to Prof. Boris Zeldovich, Dr. Sergiy Mokhov, and Dr. Armen Sevian for fruitful discussions. NR 15 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 3 U2 13 PU SPIE-SOC PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98225 USA SN 0091-3286 J9 OPT ENG JI Opt. Eng. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 51 IS 5 AR 058001 DI 10.1117/1.OE.51.5.058001 PG 10 WC Optics SC Optics GA 949YU UT WOS:000304615300047 ER PT J AU Lapidus, K Agakishiev, G Balanda, A Bassini, R Behnke, C Belyaev, A Blanco, A Bohmer, M Cabanelas, P Carolino, N Chen, JC Chernenko, S Diaz, J Dybczak, A Epple, E Fabbietti, L Fateev, O Finocchiaro, P Fonte, P Friese, J Frohlich, I Galatyuk, T Garzon, JA Gernhauser, R Gil, A Gobel, K Golubeva, M Gonzalez-Diaz, D Guber, F Gumberidze, M Harabasz, S Heidel, K Heinz, T Hennino, T Holzmann, R Huck, P Hutsch, J Ierusalimov, A Iori, I Ivashkin, A Jurkovic, M Kampfer, B Kajetanowicz, M Karavicheva, T Koenig, I Koenig, W Kolb, BW Korcyl, G Kornakov, G Kotte, R Kozuch, A Krebs, E Krucken, R Kuc, H Kuhn, W Kugler, A Kurepin, A Kurilkin, A Kurilkin, P Ladygin, V Lalik, R Lange, JS Liu, M Liu, T Lopes, L Lorenz, M Lykasov, G Maier, L Malakhov, A Mangiarotti, A Markert, J Metag, V Michalska, B Michel, J Muntz, C Munzer, R Naumann, L Palka, M Parpottas, Y Pechenov, V Pechenova, O Pereira, A Pietraszko, J Przygoda, W Ramstein, B Rehnisch, C Reshetin, A Rosier, P Rustamov, A Sadovsky, A Salabura, P Scheib, T Schmah, A Schuldes, H Schwab, E Siebenson, J Smolyankin, V Sobiella, M Sobolev, YG Spataro, S Spruck, B Strobele, H Stroth, J Sturm, C Tarantola, A Teilab, K Tiflov, V Tlusty, P Traxler, M Trebacz, R Troyan, A Tsertos, H Usenko, E Vasiliev, T Visotski, S Wagner, V Weber, M Wendisch, C Wustenfeld, J Yurevich, S Zanevsky, Y AF Lapidus, K. Agakishiev, G. Balanda, A. Bassini, R. Behnke, C. Belyaev, A. Blanco, A. Boehmer, M. Cabanelas, P. Carolino, N. Chen, J. C. Chernenko, S. Diaz, J. Dybczak, A. Epple, E. Fabbietti, L. Fateev, O. Finocchiaro, P. Fonte, P. Friese, J. Froehlich, I. Galatyuk, T. Garzon, J. A. Gernhaeuser, R. Gil, A. Goebel, K. Golubeva, M. Gonzalez-Diaz, D. Guber, F. Gumberidze, M. Harabasz, S. Heidel, K. Heinz, T. Hennino, T. Holzmann, R. Huck, P. Hutsch, J. Ierusalimov, A. Iori, I. Ivashkin, A. Jurkovic, M. Kaempfer, B. Kajetanowicz, M. Karavicheva, T. Koenig, I. Koenig, W. Kolb, B. W. Korcyl, G. Kornakov, G. Kotte, R. Kozuch, A. Krebs, E. Kruecken, R. Kuc, H. Kuehn, W. Kugler, A. Kurepin, A. Kurilkin, A. Kurilkin, P. Ladygin, V. Lalik, R. Lange, J. S. Liu, M. Liu, T. Lopes, L. Lorenz, M. Lykasov, G. Maier, L. Malakhov, A. Mangiarotti, A. Markert, J. Metag, V. Michalska, B. Michel, J. Muentz, C. Muenzer, R. Naumann, L. Palka, M. Parpottas, Y. Pechenov, V. Pechenova, O. Pereira, A. Pietraszko, J. Przygoda, W. Ramstein, B. Rehnisch, C. Reshetin, A. Rosier, P. Rustamov, A. Sadovsky, A. Salabura, P. Scheib, T. Schmah, A. Schuldes, H. Schwab, E. Siebenson, J. Smolyankin, V. Sobiella, M. Sobolev, Yu G. Spataro, S. Spruck, B. Stroebele, H. Stroth, J. Sturm, C. Tarantola, A. Teilab, K. Tiflov, V. Tlusty, P. Traxler, M. Trebacz, R. Troyan, A. Tsertos, H. Usenko, E. Vasiliev, T. Visotski, S. Wagner, V. Weber, M. Wendisch, C. Wuestenfeld, J. Yurevich, S. Zanevsky, Y. CA HADES Collaboration TI The HADES-at-FAIR project SO PHYSICS OF ATOMIC NUCLEI LA English DT Article ID NUCLEUS-NUCLEUS COLLISIONS; ION COLLISIONS AB After the completion of the experimental program at SIS18 the HADES setup will migrate to FAIR, where it will deliver high-quality data for heavy-ion collisions in an unexplored energy range of up to 8 A GeV. In this contribution, we briefly present the physics case, relevant detector characteristics and discuss the recently completed upgrade of HADES. C1 [Lapidus, K.; Chen, J. C.; Epple, E.; Fabbietti, L.; Lalik, R.; Muenzer, R.; Schmah, A.; Siebenson, J.] Excellence Cluster Origin & Struct Universe, Garching, Germany. [Lapidus, K.; Golubeva, M.; Guber, F.; Ivashkin, A.; Karavicheva, T.; Kurepin, A.; Reshetin, A.; Sadovsky, A.; Tiflov, V.; Usenko, E.] Russian Acad Sci, Inst Nucl Res, Moscow 117901, Russia. [Agakishiev, G.; Belyaev, A.; Chernenko, S.; Fateev, O.; Ierusalimov, A.; Kurilkin, A.; Kurilkin, P.; Ladygin, V.; Lykasov, G.; Malakhov, A.; Troyan, A.; Vasiliev, T.; Zanevsky, Y.] Joint Inst Nucl Res, Dubna, Russia. [Balanda, A.; Dybczak, A.; Harabasz, S.; Kajetanowicz, M.; Korcyl, G.; Kozuch, A.; Kuc, H.; Michalska, B.; Przygoda, W.; Salabura, P.; Trebacz, R.] Jagiellonian Univ, Smoluchowski Inst Phys, Krakow, Poland. [Bassini, R.; Iori, I.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Milano, Milan, Italy. [Behnke, C.; Froehlich, I.; Galatyuk, T.; Goebel, K.; Krebs, E.; Lorenz, M.; Markert, J.; Michel, J.; Muentz, C.; Palka, M.; Pechenova, O.; Pietraszko, J.; Rehnisch, C.; Scheib, T.; Schuldes, H.; Stroebele, H.; Stroth, J.; Tarantola, A.; Teilab, K.] Goethe Univ Frankfurt, Inst Kernphys, D-6000 Frankfurt, Germany. [Blanco, A.; Carolino, N.; Fonte, P.; Lopes, L.; Mangiarotti, A.; Pereira, A.] LIP Lab Instrumentacao & Fis Expt Particulas, Coimbra, Portugal. [Boehmer, M.; Friese, J.; Gernhaeuser, R.; Huck, P.; Jurkovic, M.; Kruecken, R.; Maier, L.; Weber, M.] Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept E12, D-8046 Garching, Germany. [Cabanelas, P.; Garzon, J. A.; Kornakov, G.] Univ Santiago de Compostela, Dept Fis Particulas, Santiago De Compostela, Spain. [Diaz, J.; Gil, A.] Univ Valencia, CSIC, Inst Fis Corpuscular, E-46003 Valencia, Spain. [Finocchiaro, P.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Sud, I-95129 Catania, Italy. [Fonte, P.] ISEC Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal. [Galatyuk, T.] ExtreMe Matter Inst EMMI, Darmstadt, Germany. [Gonzalez-Diaz, D.; Heinz, T.; Holzmann, R.; Koenig, I.; Koenig, W.; Kolb, B. W.; Pechenov, V.; Rustamov, A.; Schwab, E.; Stroth, J.; Sturm, C.; Traxler, M.; Yurevich, S.] GSI Helmholtzzentrum Schwerionenforsch GmbH, Darmstadt, Germany. [Gonzalez-Diaz, D.] Tech Univ Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany. [Gumberidze, M.; Hennino, T.; Kuc, H.; Liu, T.; Ramstein, B.; Rosier, P.] Univ Paris 11, CNRS, IN2P3, Inst Phys Nucl,UMR 8608, Orsay, France. [Heidel, K.; Hutsch, J.; Kaempfer, B.; Kotte, R.; Naumann, L.; Sobiella, M.; Wendisch, C.; Wuestenfeld, J.] Forschungszentrum Dresden Rossendorf, Inst Strahlenphys, Dresden, Germany. [Iori, I.] Univ Milan, Dipartimento Fis, I-20122 Milan, Italy. [Kaempfer, B.] Tech Univ Dresden, Dresden, Germany. [Kozuch, A.] Panstwowa Wyzsza Szkola Zawodowa, Nowy Sacz, Poland. [Kuehn, W.; Lange, J. S.; Liu, M.; Metag, V.; Spataro, S.; Spruck, B.] Univ Giessen, Phys Inst 2, D-35390 Giessen, Germany. [Kugler, A.; Sobolev, Yu G.; Tlusty, P.; Wagner, V.] Acad Sci Czech Republic, Inst Nucl Phys, CZ-25068 Rez, Czech Republic. [Parpottas, Y.; Tsertos, H.] Univ Cyprus, Dept Phys, Nicosia, Cyprus. [Schmah, A.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA USA. [Smolyankin, V.; Visotski, S.] Inst Theoret & Expt Phys, Moscow 117259, Russia. [Spataro, S.] Univ Turin, Dipartimento Fis Gen, I-10124 Turin, Italy. RP Lapidus, K (reprint author), Excellence Cluster Origin & Struct Universe, Garching, Germany. EM kirill.lapidus@ph.tum.de RI Kurepin, Alexey/H-4852-2013; Kruecken, Reiner/A-1640-2013; Cabanelas, Pablo/B-2034-2016; Gobel, Kathrin/B-8531-2016; Mangiarotti, Alessio/I-1072-2012; Finocchiaro, Paolo/G-5625-2010; Diaz, Jose/B-3454-2012; Ivashkin, Alexander/B-9725-2014; Guber, Fedor/I-4271-2013; Golubeva, Marina/C-6154-2014; Wagner, Vladimir/G-5650-2014; Gonzalez Diaz, Diego/K-7265-2014; Fonte, Paulo/B-1842-2008; Blanco, Alberto/L-2520-2014; Gil Ortiz, Alejandro/M-1671-2014 OI Finocchiaro, Paolo/0000-0001-7502-2229; Kurepin, Alexey/0000-0002-1851-4136; Kruecken, Reiner/0000-0002-2755-8042; Lopes, Luis/0000-0001-8571-0033; Blanco, Alberto/0000-0001-9827-8294; Tsertos, Charalambos/0000-0001-5966-343X; Spataro, Stefano/0000-0001-9601-405X; Cabanelas, Pablo/0000-0002-5416-4647; Gobel, Kathrin/0000-0003-2832-8465; Mangiarotti, Alessio/0000-0001-7837-6057; Diaz, Jose/0000-0002-7239-223X; Ivashkin, Alexander/0000-0003-4595-5866; Guber, Fedor/0000-0001-8790-3218; Gonzalez Diaz, Diego/0000-0002-6809-5996; Fonte, Paulo/0000-0002-2275-9099; Gil Ortiz, Alejandro/0000-0002-0852-412X FU BMBF (Germany) [06MT9156, 06GI146I, 06FY171, 06FY91001, 06DR9059D]; GSI [TKrue 1012, GI/ME3, OF/STR]; Helmholtz Alliance [HA216/EMMI]; Excellence Cluster Universe (Germany); GA AS CR (Czech Republic) [IAA100480803]; MSMT LC (Czech Republic) [07050MSMT]; INFN (Italy); CNRS/IN2P3 (France); MCYT (Spain) [FPA2000-2041-C02-02]; XUGA PGID (Spain) [FPA2009-12931 T02PXIC20605PN]; INTAS [06-1000012-8861]; EU [RII3-CT-506078]; [KBN5P03B 140 20]; [UCY-10.3.11.12] FX The HADES Collaboration gratefully acknowledges the support by the BMBF through grants nos. 06MT9156, 06GI146I, 06FY171, 06FY91001, and 06DR9059D (Germany), by GSI (TKrue 1012, GI/ME3, OF/STR), by the Helmholtz Alliance HA216/EMMI, by the Excellence Cluster Universe (Germany), by grants GA AS CR IAA100480803 and MSMT LC 07050MSMT (Czech Republic), by grant KBN5P03B 140 20 (Poland), by INFN (Italy), by CNRS/IN2P3 (France), by grants MCYT FPA2000-2041-C02-02 and XUGA PGID FPA2009-12931 T02PXIC20605PN (Spain), by grant UCY-10.3.11.12 (Cyprus), by INTAS grant no. 06-1000012-8861 and EU contract RII3-CT-506078. NR 17 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 10 PU MAIK NAUKA/INTERPERIODICA/SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1578 USA SN 1063-7788 EI 1562-692X J9 PHYS ATOM NUCL+ JI Phys. Atom. Nuclei PD MAY PY 2012 VL 75 IS 5 BP 589 EP 593 DI 10.1134/S1063778812050146 PG 5 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 950AT UT WOS:000304621800011 ER PT J AU Odyniec, G AF Odyniec, G. CA STAR Collaboration TI Beam Energy Scan program at RHIC-experimental approach to the QCD Phase Diagram SO PHYSICS OF ATOMIC NUCLEI LA English DT Article ID COLLISIONS AB The Beam Energy Scan (BES) program at RHIC was launched with the specific aim to explore the QCD (Quantum Chromodynamics) Phase Diagram. Particular emphasis was given to the search for phase boundaries and the location of the Critical Point (CP). The first run with AuAu collisions at 7.7, 11.5, and 39 GeV took place in 2010, and the next one, with energies of 18 and 27 GeV, will start in a few months. The results of the first stage of the BES program obtained by the STAR (Solenoidal Tracker at RHIC) experiment are presented and discussed, as well as plans for the future of the program. C1 [Odyniec, G.; STAR Collaboration] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Odyniec, G (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM G_Odyniec@lbl.gov FU Office of Science, Office of Nuclear Science of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX This work was supported by the Director, Office of Science, Office of Nuclear Science of the U.S. Department of Energy under contract no. DE-AC02-05CH11231. NR 24 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 5 PU MAIK NAUKA/INTERPERIODICA/SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1578 USA SN 1063-7788 J9 PHYS ATOM NUCL+ JI Phys. Atom. Nuclei PD MAY PY 2012 VL 75 IS 5 BP 602 EP 606 DI 10.1134/S1063778812050183 PG 5 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 950AT UT WOS:000304621800014 ER PT J AU Kojo, T AF Kojo, T. TI Chiral symmetry in quarkyonic matter SO PHYSICS OF ATOMIC NUCLEI LA English DT Article ID LARGE N-C; DENSITY; DIAGRAM; QCD AB The 1/N (c) expansion classifies nuclearmatter, deconfined quark matter, and Quarkyonic matter in low temperature region. We investigate the realization of chiral symmetry in Quarkyonic matter by taking into account condensations of chiral particle-hole pairs. It is argued that chiral symmetry and parity are locally violated by the formation of chiral spirals, . An extension to multiple chiral spirals is also briefly discussed. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, RIKEN BNL Res Ctr, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Kojo, T (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, RIKEN BNL Res Ctr, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM torujj@quark.phy.bnl.gov FU DOE [DE-AC02-98CH10886]; RIKEN FX The author acknowledges his collaborators, Y. Hidaka, L. McLerran, R. D. Pisarski, and A. M. Tsvelik with whom ideas presented here have been developed. This research is supported under DOE Contract no. DE-AC02-98CH10886 and Special Posdoctoral Research Program of RIKEN. He also thanks organizers at JINR for their warm hospitality. NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU MAIK NAUKA/INTERPERIODICA/SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1578 USA SN 1063-7788 EI 1562-692X J9 PHYS ATOM NUCL+ JI Phys. Atom. Nuclei PD MAY PY 2012 VL 75 IS 5 BP 632 EP 636 DI 10.1134/S1063778812050134 PG 5 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 950AT UT WOS:000304621800019 ER PT J AU Shi, L Fujioka, K Sun, JY Kinomura, A Inaba, T Ikura, T Ohtaki, M Yoshida, M Kodama, Y Livingston, GK Kamiya, K Tashiro, S AF Shi, Lin Fujioka, Kurumi Sun, Jiying Kinomura, Aiko Inaba, Toshiya Ikura, Tsuyoshi Ohtaki, Megu Yoshida, Mitsuaki Kodama, Yoshiaki Livingston, Gordon K. Kamiya, Kenji Tashiro, Satoshi TI A Modified System for Analyzing Ionizing Radiation-Induced Chromosome Abnormalities SO RADIATION RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID HUMAN-LYMPHOCYTES; COMBO-FISH; ABERRATIONS; MICRONUCLEI; EXPOSURE; PROBES; BIODOSIMETRY; ACCIDENT AB The analysis of dicentric chromosomes in human peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) by Giemsa staining is the most established method for biological dosimetry. However, this method requires a well-trained person because of the difficulty in detecting aberrations rapidly and accurately. Here, we applied a fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) technique, using telomere and centromere peptide nucleic acid (PNA) probes, to solve the problem of biological dosimetry in radiation emergency medicine. A comparison by a well-trained observer found that FISH analysis of PBLs for the dose estimation was more accurate than the conventional Giemsa analysis, especially in samples irradiated at high doses. These results show that FISH analysis with centromeric/telomeric PNA probes could become the standard method for biological dosimetry in radiation emergency medicine. (C) 2012 by Radiation Research Society C1 [Shi, Lin; Sun, Jiying; Kinomura, Aiko; Tashiro, Satoshi] Hiroshima Univ, Res Inst Radiat Biol & Med, Dept Cellular Biol, Hiroshima 7348553, Japan. [Fujioka, Kurumi; Inaba, Toshiya] Hiroshima Univ, Res Inst Radiat Biol & Med, Dept Mol Oncol, Hiroshima 7348553, Japan. [Ohtaki, Megu] Hiroshima Univ, Res Inst Radiat Biol & Med, Dept Environmetr & Biometr, Hiroshima 7348553, Japan. [Kamiya, Kenji] Hiroshima Univ, Res Inst Radiat Biol & Med, Dept Expt Oncol, Hiroshima 7348553, Japan. [Ikura, Tsuyoshi] Kyoto Univ, Ctr Radiat Biol, Dept Mutagenesis, Kyoto 6068501, Japan. [Yoshida, Mitsuaki] Hirosaki Univ, Inst Radiat Emergency Med, Dept Radiat Biol, Hirosaki, Aomori 0368564, Japan. [Kodama, Yoshiaki] Radiat Effects Res Fdn, Dept Genet, Hiroshima 7320815, Japan. [Livingston, Gordon K.] Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Radiat Emergency Assistance Ctr, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Tashiro, S (reprint author), Hiroshima Univ, Res Inst Radiat Biol & Med, Dept Cellular Biol, Hiroshima 7348553, Japan. EM ktashiro@hiroshima-u.ac.jp FU Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan FX We thank M. Yamauchi, K. Suzuki and S. Yamashita (Nagasaki University) for discussions and valuable advice. This work was supported by the Grants-in-Aid Program from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan. NR 22 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 11 PU RADIATION RESEARCH SOC PI LAWRENCE PA 810 E TENTH STREET, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 0033-7587 J9 RADIAT RES JI Radiat. Res. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 177 IS 5 BP 533 EP 538 DI 10.1667/RR2849.1 PG 6 WC Biology; Biophysics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Biophysics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 948JD UT WOS:000304498600001 PM 22509803 ER PT J AU Russell, LB Hunsicker, PR AF Russell, Liane B. Hunsicker, Patricia R. TI The Effect of Dose Rate on the Frequency of Specific-Locus Mutations Induced in Mouse Spermatogonia is Restricted to Larger Lesions; a Retrospective Analysis of Historical Data SO RADIATION RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID AMINOBUTYRIC-ACID RECEPTOR; DILUTION P LOCUS; MOLECULAR-GENETIC DISSECTION; UNCONVENTIONAL MYOSIN-VA; COMPLEMENTATION ANALYSES; RADIATION GENETICS; REGION MUTATIONS; DELETION COMPLEX; CLEFT-PALATE; STEM-CELLS AB A series of 19 large-scale germ-cell mutagenesis experiments conducted several decades ago led to the conclusion that low-LET radiation delivered to mouse spermatogonia at dose rates of 0.8 R/min and below induced only about one-third as many specific-locus mutations as did single, acute exposures at 24 R/min and above. A two-hit origin of the mutations was deemed unlikely in view of the then prevailing evidence for the small size of genetic lesions in spermatogonia. Instead, the dose-rate effect was hypothesized to be the result of a repair system that exists in spermatogonia, but not in more mature male reproductive cells. More recent genetic and molecular studies on the marker genes have identified the phenotypes associated with specific states of the mutant chromosomes, and it is now possible retrospectively to classify individual past mutations as "large lesions" or "other lesions". The mutation-frequency difference between high and low dose rates is restricted to the large lesion mutations, for which the dose-curve slopes differ by a factor exceeding 3.4. For other lesion mutations, there is essentially no difference between the slopes for protracted and acute irradiations; induced other lesions frequencies per unit dose remain similar for dose rates ranging over more than 7 orders of magnitude. For large lesions, these values rise sharply at dose rates >0.8 R/min, though they remain similar within the whole range of protracted doses, failing to provide evidence for a threshold dose rate. The downward bend at high doses that had been noted for X-ray-induced specific-locus mutations as a whole and ascribed to a positive correlation between spermatogonial death and mutation load is now found to be restricted to large lesion mutations. There is a marked difference between the mutation spectra (distributions among the seven loci) for large lesions and other lesions. Within each class, however, the spectra are similar for acute and protracted irradiation. 2012 by Radiation Research Society C1 [Russell, Liane B.; Hunsicker, Patricia R.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. RP Russell, LB (reprint author), 130 Tabor Rd, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. EM lianerussell@comcast.net FU U.S. Dept. of Energy, Office of Science; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC05-00OR22725] FX We are sincerely grateful to Leslie Galloway, University of Tennessee, for statistical calculations and for producing an electronic version of Fig. 1; to Drs. Michael Fry and Amy Kronenberg for a critical reading of the manuscript and for their valuable advice; to Jacque Ruppe, ORNL Library, for help with several old publications: and to Betty Lou Alspaugh, ORNL, for helpful access to the ORNL Mutant Mouse Database. Work sponsored by U.S. Dept. of Energy, Office of Science and performed at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL). ORNL is managed by UT-Battelle. LLC, for the U.S. Department of Energy under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725. NR 63 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 5 U2 11 PU RADIATION RESEARCH SOC PI LAWRENCE PA 810 E TENTH STREET, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 0033-7587 J9 RADIAT RES JI Radiat. Res. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 177 IS 5 BP 555 EP 564 DI 10.1667/RR2853.1 PG 10 WC Biology; Biophysics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Biophysics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 948JD UT WOS:000304498600004 PM 22397578 ER PT J AU Lam, V Moulder, JE Salzman, NH Dubinsky, EA Andersen, GL Baker, JE AF Lam, Vy Moulder, John E. Salzman, Nita H. Dubinsky, Eric A. Andersen, Gary L. Baker, John E. TI Intestinal Microbiota as Novel Biomarkers of Prior Radiation Exposure SO RADIATION RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID GENE-EXPRESSION SIGNATURES; TOTAL-BODY IRRADIATION; NUCLEAR DETONATION; INJURY; BIODOSIMETRY; BACTERIA; INFECTION; SURVIVAL; NIAID; FLORA AB There is an urgent need for rapid, accurate, and sensitive diagnostic platforms to confirm exposure to radiation and estimate the dose absorbed by individuals subjected to acts of radiological terrorism, nuclear power plant accidents, or nuclear warfare. Clinical symptoms and physical dosimeters, even when available, do not provide adequate diagnostic information to triage and treat life-threatening radiation injuries. We hypothesized that intestinal microbiota act as novel biomarkers of prior radiation exposure. Adult male Wistar rats (n = 5/group) received single or multiple fraction total-body irradiation of 10.0 Gy and 18.0 Gy, respectively. Fresh fecal pellets were obtained from each rat prior to (day 0) and at days 4, 11, and 21 post-irradiation. Fecal microbiota composition was determined using microarray and quantitative PCR (polymerase chain reaction) analyses. The radiation exposure biomarkers consisted of increased 16S rRNA levels of 12 members of the Bacteroidales, Lactobacillaceae, and Streptococcaceae after radiation exposure, unchanged levels of 98 Clostridiaceae and Peptostreptococcaceae, and decreased levels of 47 separate Clostridiaceae members; these biomarkers are present in human and rat feces. As a result of the ubiquity of these biomarkers, this biomarker technique is non-invasive; microbiota provide a sustained level of reporting signals that are increased several-fold following exposure to radiation, and intestinal microbiota that are unaffected by radiation serve as internal controls. We conclude that intestinal microbiota serve as novel biomarkers of prior radiation exposure, and may be able to complement conventional chromosome aberrational analysis to significantly enhance biological dose assessments. (C) 2012 by Radiation Research Society C1 [Lam, Vy; Baker, John E.] Med Coll Wisconsin, Div Cardiothorac Surg, Milwaukee, WI 53226 USA. [Moulder, John E.] Med Coll Wisconsin, Dept Radiat Oncol, Milwaukee, WI 53226 USA. [Baker, John E.] Med Coll Wisconsin, Dept Biochem, Milwaukee, WI 53226 USA. [Baker, John E.] Med Coll Wisconsin, Dept Pharmacol & Toxicol, Milwaukee, WI 53226 USA. [Salzman, Nita H.] Childrens Res Inst, Dept Pediat, Div Gastroenterol, Milwaukee, WI 53226 USA. [Dubinsky, Eric A.; Andersen, Gary L.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Baker, JE (reprint author), Med Coll Wisconsin, Div Cardiothorac Surg, 8701 Watertown Plank Rd, Milwaukee, WI 53226 USA. EM jbaker@mcw.edu RI Moulder, John/E-6799-2012; Dubinsky, Eric/D-3787-2015; Andersen, Gary/G-2792-2015; OI Dubinsky, Eric/0000-0002-9420-6661; Andersen, Gary/0000-0002-1618-9827; Salzman, Nita/0000-0003-0939-6139 FU NIH; Common Fund; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases [1R01 AI080363]; Tricorder Diagnostics; Foundation for Heart Science; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX This project has been funded or data has been generated in part with U.S. federal funds from the NIH Human Microbiome Project, the Common Fund, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases grant 1R01 AI080363, and from grants from Tricorder Diagnostics and the Foundation for Heart Science. The authors wish to acknowledge the helpful discussions with Michael Hayward during the preparation of the manuscript. A portion of this work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy under contract DE-AC02-05CH11231 to Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL). NR 36 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 13 PU RADIATION RESEARCH SOC PI LAWRENCE PA 810 E TENTH STREET, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 0033-7587 J9 RADIAT RES JI Radiat. Res. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 177 IS 5 BP 573 EP 583 DI 10.1667/RR2691.1 PG 11 WC Biology; Biophysics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Biophysics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 948JD UT WOS:000304498600006 PM 22439602 ER PT J AU Linck, M Freitag, B Kujawa, S Lehmann, M Niermann, T AF Linck, Martin Freitag, Bert Kujawa, Stephan Lehmann, Michael Niermann, Tore TI State of the art in atomic resolution off-axis electron holography SO ULTRAMICROSCOPY LA English DT Article DE Holography; High-brightness electron gun; Aberration correction; Atomic resolution ID MICROSCOPE; BIPRISM; RECONSTRUCTION; LIMITS AB As proposed by Hannes Lichte, to resolve structure-property relations not only the question "Which atom is where?" but also the question "Which fields are around?" has to be answered. High-resolution off-axis electron holography opens up an access to these key questions in that it allows accessing the complete exit-wave of the object provided within the information limit of the microscope, i.e. amplitude and phase including atomic details such as position and species, and moreover, information about large area electric potentials and magnetic fields, which a conventional transmission electron microscope is blind for-also when using a Cs-corrector. For an excellent object exit-wave reconstruction, special care has to be taken on the hologram quality, i.e. interference fringe contrast and electron dose. Severe restrictions are given to signal resolution by the limited brightness of the electron source. Utilizing a new high-brightness Schottky field electron emitter in a state-of-the-art transmission electron microscope operated at 300 kV, the phase signal resolution at atomic resolution can significantly be enhanced. An improvement by at least a factor of 2.88 compared to the most recently reported single hologram at atomic resolution is found. To proof the applicability of this setup to real materials science problems, a grain boundary of gold has been investigated holographically. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Linck, Martin] Tech Univ Dresden, Triebenberg Lab, Inst Struct Phys, D-01328 Dresden, Germany. [Freitag, Bert; Kujawa, Stephan] FEI Co, NL-5600 KA Eindhoven, Netherlands. [Lehmann, Michael; Niermann, Tore] Tech Univ Berlin, Inst Opt & Atomare Phys, D-10623 Berlin, Germany. RP Linck, M (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Natl Ctr Electron Microscopy, 1 Cyclotron Rd,MS 72-150, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM mlinck@lbl.gov FU European Union [026019ESTEEM] FX The authors thank Prof. Dr. Hannes Lichte from Triebenberg-Lab for enlightening discussions. The efforts of Dr. Daniel Wolf (Triebenberg Lab) for ongoing improvement of the Triebenberg Holography package are highly appreciated. The specimen was kindly provided by Dr. Christian Kisielowski (NCEM/LBNL, Berkeley CA, U.S.). M.L. from Triebenberg-Lab acknowledges financial support from the European Union (Framework 6 Integrated Infrastructure, Reference 026019ESTEEM). NR 44 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 26 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-3991 EI 1879-2723 J9 ULTRAMICROSCOPY JI Ultramicroscopy PD MAY PY 2012 VL 116 BP 13 EP 23 DI 10.1016/j.ultramic.2012.01.019 PG 11 WC Microscopy SC Microscopy GA 947ZR UT WOS:000304473700003 ER PT J AU Yakovlev, S Balsara, NP Downing, KH AF Yakovlev, Sergey Balsara, Nitash P. Downing, Kenneth H. TI Limits of spatial and compositional resolution of electron energy loss spectroscopy of soft materials SO ULTRAMICROSCOPY LA English DT Article DE Electron energy loss spectroscopy; Low loss EELS; Multiple least square fitting; MLS; Iteratively reweighted least squares; IRLS; EELS resolution limit; Exposure limited resolution ID MODEL-BASED QUANTIFICATION; LOW-LOSS EELS; NOISE TRANSFER; CCD CAMERAS; MICROSCOPE; SPECTRA; SIGNAL AB We investigate the spatial resolution limit of low electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) for imaging of electron beam sensitive materials, particularly for the case of composite materials that undergo phase separation. In order to make optimum use of the information contained in noisy spectra we modify the multiple least squares (MLS) fitting algorithm, which is widely used for fitting experimental spectra with a linear combination of reference spectra. Our approach, which uses the iteratively reweighted least squares (IRLS) routine, allows one to accommodate the non-constant variance in the noise. Assuming that the noise has a Poisson distribution we examine the performance of IRLS fitting. We introduce a parameter that reflects the difference between the spectra of the material components and computationally examine the relation between this parameter and the accuracy of the fitting algorithm. Use of this parameter allows us to derive an equation that relates the spatial resolution of imaging and the achievable level of composition uncertainty, for an ideal detector, based on the experimental parameters. These parameters include not only irradiation exposure, the difference between the spectra and the thickness of the sample but also the composition of the sample. The results presented will guide the proper choice of experimental conditions to obtain the best quality data from radiation sensitive materials. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Downing, Kenneth H.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Donner Lab 1 112, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Yakovlev, Sergey; Balsara, Nitash P.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Balsara, Nitash P.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Downing, KH (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Donner Lab 1 112, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM khdowning@lbl.gov FU US Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Sciences and Engineering Division; Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences of the US Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX Funding for this work was provided by the US Department of Energy under Contract no. DE-AC02-05CH11231 through the Electron Microscopy of Soft Matter Program (electrolyte imaging) supported by the Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Sciences and Engineering Division. Part of this work was performed at the National Center for Electron Microscopy and the Molecular Foundry at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, which are supported by the Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences of the US Department of Energy under Contract no. DE-AC02-05CH11231. NR 27 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 14 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-3991 EI 1879-2723 J9 ULTRAMICROSCOPY JI Ultramicroscopy PD MAY PY 2012 VL 116 BP 39 EP 46 DI 10.1016/j.ultramic.2012.03.003 PG 8 WC Microscopy SC Microscopy GA 947ZR UT WOS:000304473700006 ER PT J AU Phillips, PJ De Graef, M Kovarik, L Agrawal, A Windl, W Mills, MJ AF Phillips, P. J. De Graef, M. Kovarik, L. Agrawal, A. Windl, W. Mills, M. J. TI Atomic-resolution defect contrast in low angle annular dark-field STEM SO ULTRAMICROSCOPY LA English DT Article DE ADF STEM; Atomic resolution; Crystalline defects; Low angle annular dark-field ID TRANSMISSION ELECTRON-MICROSCOPE; THERMAL DIFFUSE-SCATTERING; ADF STEM; IMAGES; CRYSTALS; SIMULATION; INTERFACE; DETECTOR; SILICON AB While traditional high-resolution STEM is performed by exclusively collecting electrons which have been scattered to high angles (i.e., HAADF), the present contribution will focus on small-angle scattered electrons, as in low angle annular dark-field (LAADF) STEM. This unique imaging mode allows one to image defect contrast while maintaining directly interpretable atomic resolution. By simply adjusting the microscope camera length, and thus the acceptance angle of the annular detector, it is possible to transition between Z-contrast and defect contrast. Both LAADF and HAADF experimental and computational results are discussed in regards to zone axis imaging of a gamma/gamma' Ni-superalloy; various length scales are explored. Electron de-channeling is observed while the probe is placed over defected regions of crystal. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Phillips, P. J.] Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. [De Graef, M.] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. [Kovarik, L.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, EMSL, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Agrawal, A.; Windl, W.; Mills, M. J.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. RP Phillips, PJ (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, 845 W Taylor St, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. EM pjphil@uic.edu RI Windl, Wolfgang/C-7255-2012; Mills, Michael/I-6413-2013; Agrawal, Anupriya/E-9051-2011; DeGraef, Marc/G-5827-2010; Kovarik, Libor/L-7139-2016 OI Windl, Wolfgang/0000-0001-5892-0684; DeGraef, Marc/0000-0002-4721-6226; FU AFOSR [FA9550-09-1-0251] FX This work was supported in part by the AFOSR GRANT no. FA9550-09-1-0251. NR 42 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 6 U2 71 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-3991 J9 ULTRAMICROSCOPY JI Ultramicroscopy PD MAY PY 2012 VL 116 BP 47 EP 55 DI 10.1016/j.ultramic.2012.03.013 PG 9 WC Microscopy SC Microscopy GA 947ZR UT WOS:000304473700007 ER PT J AU Lee, S Ringstrand, BS Stone, DA Firestone, MA AF Lee, Sungwon Ringstrand, Bryan S. Stone, David A. Firestone, Millicent A. TI Electrochemical Activity of Glucose Oxidase on a Poly(ionic liquid)-Au Nanoparticle Composite SO ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES LA English DT Article DE bioanide; gold nanoparticles; direct electron transfer; enzymatic catalysis ID DIRECT ELECTRON-TRANSFER; GLASSY-CARBON ELECTRODE; GOLD NANOPARTICLE; BIOFUEL CELLS; FORCE MICROSCOPY; BIOSENSOR; FILMS; MULTILAYERS; ENHANCEMENT; ASSEMBLIES AB Glucose oxidase (GOx) adsorbed on an ionic liquid-derived polymer containing internally organized columns of Au nanoparticles exhibits direct electron transfer and bioelectrocatalytic properties towards the oxidation of glucose. The cationic poly(ionic liquid) provides an ideal substrate for the electrostatic immobilization of GOx. The encapsulated Au nanoparticles serve to both promote the direct electron transfer with the recessed enzyme redox centers and impart electronic conduction to the composite, allowing it to function as an electrode for electrochemical detection. C1 [Lee, Sungwon; Ringstrand, Bryan S.; Stone, David A.; Firestone, Millicent A.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Firestone, MA (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM firestone@anl.gov FU Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Sciences, United States Department of Energy [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX This work was supported by the Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Sciences, United States Department of Energy, under Contract DE-AC02-06CH11357 to the UChicago, LLC. NR 53 TC 37 Z9 38 U1 2 U2 66 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1944-8244 J9 ACS APPL MATER INTER JI ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces PD MAY PY 2012 VL 4 IS 5 BP 2311 EP 2317 DI 10.1021/am300629n PG 7 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA 945OF UT WOS:000304285200001 PM 22548643 ER PT J AU Shelton, SW Chen, TL Barclay, DE Ma, BW AF Shelton, Steve W. Chen, Teresa L. Barclay, David E. Ma, Biwu TI Solution-Processable Triindoles as Hole Selective Materials in Organic Solar Cells SO ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES LA English DT Article DE triindoles; organic solar cells; solution processable; hole selective layer; electron blocking ID POLYMER PHOTOVOLTAIC CELLS; THIN-FILMS; INTERFACIAL LAYER; CHARGE-TRANSPORT; GRAPHENE OXIDE; INTER LAYERS; EFFICIENT; TRIAZATRUXENES; DONOR; NIO AB We report the use of two solution-processable triindoles, triazatruxene (TAT), and N-trimethyltriindole (TMTI), as hole selective materials in organic solar cells. The unique optical and electronic properties of these molecules make them suitable as a hole extracting/electron blocking layer, i.e. transparency in the visible region due to a wide bandgap, high LUMO (lowest unoccupied molecular orbital) energy level, modest HOMO (highest occupied molecular orbital) level, and high hole carrier mobility. TAT is shown to have a LUMO at -1.68 eV, a HOMO at -5.03 eV, and a bandgap of 3.35 eV, whereas TMTI has a LUMO at -2.05 eV, a HOMO at -5.1 eV, and a bandgap of 3.05 eV, obtained from cyclic voltammetry measurements and absorption spectroscopy. Planar heterojunction photovoltaic devices, consisting of a solution processed transparent TAT (or TMTI) layer and a vapor-deposited C60 layer, exhibited efficiencies of up to 0,71 % (or 0.87 %). In these bilayer devices, the excitons are primarily generated in the C60 layer and undergo dissociation in the interfaces via hole transfer from the C60 layer to the TAT (or TMTI) layer. Additionally, spin-casting methanol solution of TAT on the top of P3HT:PCBM bulk heterojunction in an inverted device produced a hole selective interfacial layer between the photoactive layer and anode, leading to a 26% efficiency increase as compared to a control device without the TAT layer. C1 [Shelton, Steve W.; Chen, Teresa L.; Barclay, David E.; Ma, Biwu] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Mol Foundry, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Shelton, Steve W.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Ma, BW (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Mol Foundry, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM BWMa@lbl.gov RI Ma, Biwu/B-6943-2012 FU Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Scientific User Facilities Division, of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; National Science Foundation; University of California, Berkeley FX This work was performed at the Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, and was supported by the Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Scientific User Facilities Division, of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract DE-AC02-05CH11231. S.S. thanks the National Science Foundation for the IGERT Fellowship and the University of California, Berkeley, for the Chancellor's Fellowship. NR 76 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 3 U2 79 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1944-8244 J9 ACS APPL MATER INTER JI ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces PD MAY PY 2012 VL 4 IS 5 BP 2534 EP 2540 DI 10.1021/am300228w PG 7 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA 945OF UT WOS:000304285200032 PM 22497547 ER PT J AU Yan, J Han, XJ He, JJ Kang, LL Zhang, B Du, YC Zhao, HT Dong, CK Wang, HL Xu, P AF Yan, Jun Han, Xijiang He, Jiaojiao Kang, Leilei Zhang, Bin Du, Yunchen Zhao, Hongtao Dong, Cunku Wang, Hsing-Lin Xu, Ping TI Highly Sensitive Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS) Platforms Based on Silver Nanostructures Fabricated on Polyaniline Membrane Surfaces SO ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES LA English DT Article DE surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy; silver; polyaniline; membrane; nanostructure ID FACILE SYNTHESIS; CATALYTIC-PROPERTIES; SCATTERING SERS; NANOPARTICLES; DEPOSITION; MOLECULES AB Here, we demonstrate a facile synthesis of homogeneous Ag nanostructures fully covering the polyaniline (PANI) membrane surface simply by introducing organic acid in the AgNO3 reaction solution, as an improved technique to fabricate well-defined Ag nanostructures on PANI substrates through a direct chemical deposition method [Langmuir 2010, 26, 8882]. It is found that the chemical nature of the acid is crucial to create a homogeneous nucleation environment for Ag growth, where, in this case, homogeneous Ag nanostructures that are assembled by Ag nanosheets are produced with the assistance of succinic acid and lactic acid, but only scattered Ag particles with camphorsulfonic acid. Improved surface wettability of PANI membranes after acid doping may also account for the higher surface coverage of Ag nanostructures. The Ag nanostructures fully covering the PANI surface are extremely sensitive in the detection of a target analyte, 4-mercaptobenzoic acid (4-MBA), using surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS), with a detection limit of 10(-12) M. We believe the facilely fabricated SERS-active substrates based on conducting polymer-mediated growth of Ag nanostructures can be promising in the trace detection of chemical and biological molecules. C1 [Yan, Jun; Han, Xijiang; He, Jiaojiao; Kang, Leilei; Zhang, Bin; Du, Yunchen; Zhao, Hongtao; Dong, Cunku; Xu, Ping] Harbin Inst Technol, Dept Chem, Harbin 150001, Peoples R China. [Wang, Hsing-Lin; Xu, Ping] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Chem, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Han, XJ (reprint author), Harbin Inst Technol, Dept Chem, Harbin 150001, Peoples R China. EM hanxj63@yahoo.com.cn; pxu@hit.edu.cn RI Xu, Ping/I-1910-2013 OI Xu, Ping/0000-0002-1516-4986 FU China Postdoctor Fund; Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) [21101041, 21071037, 21003029, 20776032, 91122002]; Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities [HIT. NSRIF. 2010065, 2011017]; Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) fund; DOE, BES Office of Science; National Nanotechnology Enterprise Development Center (NNEDC); U.S. Department of Energy, Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, at Los Alamos National Laboratory [DE-AC52-06NA25396]; Sandia National Laboratories [DE-AC04-94AL85000] FX P.X. thanks the support from the China Postdoctor Fund, Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC, Nos. 21101041, 21071037, 21003029, 20776032, 91122002), Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (Grant Nos. HIT. NSRIF. 2010065 and 2011017), and Director's Postdoctoral Fellow from LANL. H.L.W. acknowledges the financial support from the Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) fund under the auspices of DOE, BES Office of Science, and the National Nanotechnology Enterprise Development Center (NNEDC). This work was performed in part at the U.S. Department of Energy, Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, at Los Alamos National Laboratory (Contract No. DE-AC52-06NA25396) and Sandia National Laboratories (Contract DE-AC04-94AL85000). NR 29 TC 41 Z9 42 U1 11 U2 129 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1944-8244 J9 ACS APPL MATER INTER JI ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces PD MAY PY 2012 VL 4 IS 5 BP 2752 EP 2756 DI 10.1021/am300381v PG 5 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA 945OF UT WOS:000304285200059 PM 22548473 ER PT J AU Jung, H Choi, YS Lee, KS Han, DS Yu, YS Im, MY Fischer, P Kim, SK AF Jung, Hyunsung Choi, Youn-Seok Lee, Ki-Suk Han, Dong-Soo Yu, Young-Sang Im, Mi-Young Fischer, Peter Kim, Sang-Koog TI Logic Operations Based on Magnetic-Vortex-State Networks SO ACS NANO LA English DT Article DE magnetic-vortex network; vortex gyration; signal transfer; logic operation; XOR ID CELLULAR-AUTOMATA; EXCITATIONS; DISKS; FIELD; GATE AB Logic operations based on coupled magnetic vortices were experimentally demonstrated. We utilized a simple chain structure consisting of three physically separated but dipolar-coupled vortex-state Permalloy disks as well as two electrodes for application of the logical inputs. We directly monitored the vortex gyrations in the middle disk, as the logical output, by time-resolved full-field soft X-ray microscopy measurements. By manipulating the relative polarization configurations of both end disks, two different logic operations are programmable: the XOR operation for the parallel polarization and the OR operation for the antiparallel polarization. This work paves the way for new-type programmable logic gates based on the coupled vortex-gyration dynamics achievable in vortex-state networks. The advantages are as follows: a low-power input signal by means of resonant vortex excitation, low-energy dissipation during signal transportation by selection of low-damping materials, and a simple patterned-array structure. C1 [Jung, Hyunsung; Choi, Youn-Seok; Lee, Ki-Suk; Han, Dong-Soo; Yu, Young-Sang; Kim, Sang-Koog] Seoul Natl Univ, Natl Creat Res Initiat Ctr Spin Dynam & Spin Wave, Nanospin Lab, Seoul 151744, South Korea. [Jung, Hyunsung; Choi, Youn-Seok; Lee, Ki-Suk; Han, Dong-Soo; Yu, Young-Sang; Kim, Sang-Koog] Seoul Natl Univ, Coll Engn, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Res Inst Adv Mat, Seoul 151744, South Korea. [Im, Mi-Young; Fischer, Peter] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Ctr Xray Opt, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Kim, SK (reprint author), Seoul Natl Univ, Natl Creat Res Initiat Ctr Spin Dynam & Spin Wave, Nanospin Lab, Seoul 151744, South Korea. EM sangkoog@snu.ac.kr RI MSD, Nanomag/F-6438-2012; Fischer, Peter/A-3020-2010; Kim, Sang-Koog/J-4638-2014 OI Fischer, Peter/0000-0002-9824-9343; FU National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF); Ministry of Education, Science, and Technology [20120000236]; Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Sciences and Engineering Division, U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05-CH11231] FX This research was supported by the Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF), funded by the Ministry of Education, Science, and Technology (Grant No. 20120000236). The operation of the microscope was supported by the Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Sciences and Engineering Division, U.S. Department of Energy, under Contract No. DE-AC02-05-CH11231. NR 31 TC 37 Z9 37 U1 1 U2 34 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1936-0851 J9 ACS NANO JI ACS Nano PD MAY PY 2012 VL 6 IS 5 BP 3712 EP 3717 DI 10.1021/nn3000143 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA 944VK UT WOS:000304231700009 PM 22533663 ER PT J AU Khanal, BP Pandey, A Li, H Lin, QL Bae, WK Luo, HM Klimov, VI Pietryga, JM AF Khanal, Bishnu P. Pandey, Anshu Li, Liang Lin, Qianglu Bae, Wan Ki Luo, Hongmei Klimov, Victor I. Pietryga, Jeffrey M. TI Generalized Synthesis of Hybrid Metal-Semiconductor Nanostructures Tunable from the Visible to the Infrared SO ACS NANO LA English DT Article DE quantum dots; excitons; metal nanoparticles; plasmons; multifunctional materials; two-photon absorption ID QUANTUM DOTS; GOLD NANORODS; NANOPARTICLE ASSEMBLIES; EXTINCTION COEFFICIENT; SILVER ELECTRODE; RAMAN-SPECTRA; NANOCRYSTALS; FLUORESCENCE; AU; ENHANCEMENT AB Hybrid superstructures allow a convenient route to the development of materials with multiple functionalities (e.g., sensor, marker, conductor) out of monofunctional (e.g., excitonic, plasmonic) building blocks. This work describes a general synthetic route to the preparation of metal vertical bar-dielectric vertical bar quantum dot hybrid superstructures that have excitonic and plasmonic resonances Independently tunable from the ultraviolet to the mid-infrared spectral region. We demonstrate that structural tuning can be used to control intercomponent coupling leading to the emergence of unique optical properties. We illustrate this capability by demonstrating single- and multicolor emission from coupled systems, and a significant enhancement of two-photon absorption cross sections of quantum dots. Such properties In a robust yet dispersible particle can be useful in a number of applications including bioimaging and microscopy, and in optoelectronic devices, as well as serve as a platform for fundamental studies of metal-semiconductor interactions. C1 [Khanal, Bishnu P.; Pandey, Anshu; Li, Liang; Bae, Wan Ki; Klimov, Victor I.; Pietryga, Jeffrey M.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Adv Solar Photophys, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Lin, Qianglu; Luo, Hongmei] New Mexico State Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. RP Pietryga, JM (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Adv Solar Photophys, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM pietryga@lanl.gov RI LI, Liang/A-9686-2011; OI Klimov, Victor/0000-0003-1158-3179 FU Center for Advanced Solar Photophysics; Energy Frontier Research Center; U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences (BES); Los Alamos National Laboratory; New Mexico Consortium FX L.L., V.I.K., and J.M.P. were supported by the Center for Advanced Solar Photophysics, an Energy Frontier Research Center funded by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences (BES). B.P.K., A.P. and W.K.B. were supported by the Los Alamos National Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) Program. Q.L. and H.L. were supported by the New Mexico Consortium and Los Alamos National Laboratory. NR 56 TC 59 Z9 59 U1 7 U2 119 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1936-0851 EI 1936-086X J9 ACS NANO JI ACS Nano PD MAY PY 2012 VL 6 IS 5 BP 3832 EP 3840 DI 10.1021/nn204932m PG 9 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA 944VK UT WOS:000304231700021 PM 22424299 ER PT J AU Kumar, A Arruda, TM Kim, Y Ivanov, IN Jesse, S Bark, CW Bristowe, NC Artacho, E Littlewood, PB Eom, CB Kalinin, SV AF Kumar, Amit Arruda, Thomas M. Kim, Yunseok Ivanov, Ilia N. Jesse, Stephen Bark, Chung W. Bristowe, Nicholas C. Artacho, Emilio Littlewood, Peter B. Eom, Chang-Beom Kalinin, Sergei V. TI Probing Surface and Bulk Electrochemical Processes on the LaAlO3-SrTiO3 Interface SO ACS NANO LA English DT Article DE electrochemical; dynamic strain; microscopy; charge writing ID LAALO3/SRTIO3 INTERFACE; NANOMETER RESOLUTION; ION DIFFUSION; ELECTRON-GAS; NANOSCALE; MECHANISM; OXIDES; HETEROSTRUCTURES; HETEROINTERFACE; TEMPERATURE AB Local electrochemical phenomena on the surfaces of the LaAlO3-SrTiO3 heterostructure are explored using unipolar and bipolar dynamic electrochemical strain microscopy (D-ESM). The D-ESM suggests the presence of at least two distinct electrochemical processes, Including fast reversible low-voltage process and slow high-voltage process. The latter process Is associated with static surface deformations In the sub-nanometer regime. These behaviors are compared with Kelvin probe force microscopy hysteresis data. The possible origins of observed phenomena are discussed, and these studies suggest that charge-writing behavior in LAO-STO includes a strong surface/bulk electrochemical component and is more complicated than simple screening by surface adsorbates. C1 [Kumar, Amit; Arruda, Thomas M.; Kim, Yunseok; Ivanov, Ilia N.; Jesse, Stephen; Kalinin, Sergei V.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Nanophase Mat Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Bark, Chung W.; Eom, Chang-Beom] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Bristowe, Nicholas C.; Artacho, Emilio; Littlewood, Peter B.] Univ Cambridge, Cavendish Lab, Cambridge CB3 0HE, England. [Artacho, Emilio] CIC Nanogune Consolider, San Sebastian 20018, Spain. [Artacho, Emilio] DIPC, San Sebastian 20018, Spain. [Artacho, Emilio] Basque Fdn Sci Ikerbasque, Bilbao 48011, Spain. [Littlewood, Peter B.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Kalinin, SV (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Nanophase Mat Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM sergei2@ornl.gov RI Arruda, Thomas/C-6134-2012; ivanov, ilia/D-3402-2015; Artacho, Emilio/G-2616-2015; Jesse, Stephen/D-3975-2016; DONOSTIA INTERNATIONAL PHYSICS CTR., DIPC/C-3171-2014; nanoGUNE, CIC/A-2623-2015; Littlewood, Peter/B-7746-2008; Kalinin, Sergei/I-9096-2012; Kumar, Amit/C-9662-2012; Bark, Chung Wung/B-9534-2014; Bristowe, Nicholas/B-2230-2013; Eom, Chang-Beom/I-5567-2014 OI Arruda, Thomas/0000-0002-6165-2024; ivanov, ilia/0000-0002-6726-2502; Artacho, Emilio/0000-0001-9357-1547; Jesse, Stephen/0000-0002-1168-8483; Kalinin, Sergei/0000-0001-5354-6152; Kumar, Amit/0000-0002-1194-5531; Bark, Chung Wung/0000-0002-9394-4240; Bristowe, Nicholas/0000-0003-1286-8440; FU U.S. Department of Energy, Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Sciences and Engineering Division; National Science Foundation (NSF) [DMR-0906443]; EPSRC FX Research was supported (AK., S.V.K.) by the U.S. Department of Energy, Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Sciences and Engineering Division and performed at the Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences (S.J.), a DOE-BES user facility. The work at University of Wisconsin was supported by the National Science Foundation (NSF) under Grant No. DMR-0906443. N.C.B. and E.A. acknowledge the support by EPSRC. NR 71 TC 38 Z9 38 U1 7 U2 98 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1936-0851 J9 ACS NANO JI ACS Nano PD MAY PY 2012 VL 6 IS 5 BP 3841 EP 3852 DI 10.1021/nn204960c PG 12 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA 944VK UT WOS:000304231700022 PM 22489563 ER PT J AU Riley, JR Bernal, RA Li, QM Espinosa, HD Wang, GT Lauhon, LJ AF Riley, James R. Bernal, Rodrigo A. Li, Qiming Espinosa, Horacio D. Wang, George T. Lauhon, Lincoln J. TI Atom Probe Tomography of a-Axis GaN Nanowires: Analysis of Nonstoichiometric Evaporation Behavior SO ACS NANO LA English DT Article DE atom probe tomography; semiconductor nanowires; GaN ID CHEMICAL-VAPOR-DEPOSITION; LIGHT-EMITTING-DIODES; III-V; FIELD EVAPORATION; DOPANT DISTRIBUTION; GROWTH; HETEROSTRUCTURES; SEMICONDUCTORS; EFFICIENCY; GAAS AB GaN nanowires oriented along the nonpolar a-axis were analyzed using pulsed laser atom probe tomography (APT). Stoichlometric mass spectra were achieved by optimizing the temperature, applied dc voltage, and laser pulse energy. Local variations in the measured stoichiometry were observed and correlated with facet polarity using scanning electron microscopy. Fewer N atoms were detected from nonpolar and Ga-polar surfaces due to uncorrelated evaporation of N-2 ions following N adatom diffusion. The observed differences in Ga and N ion evaporation behaviors are considered in detail to understand the influence of intrinsic materials characteristics on the reliability of atom probe tomography analysis. We find that while reliable analysis of III-N alloys is possible, the standard APT procedure of empirically adjusting analysis conditions to obtain stoichiometric detection of Ga and N is not necessarily the best approach for this materials system. C1 [Riley, James R.; Lauhon, Lincoln J.] Northwestern Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. [Bernal, Rodrigo A.; Espinosa, Horacio D.] Northwestern Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. [Li, Qiming; Wang, George T.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Lauhon, LJ (reprint author), Northwestern Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. EM lauhon@northwestern.edu RI Wang, George/C-9401-2009; Espinosa, Horatio/B-6693-2009; Lauhon, Lincoln/B-7526-2009; Bernal, Rodrigo/C-5585-2011; Lauhon, Lincoln/H-2976-2015; OI Wang, George/0000-0001-9007-0173; Lauhon, Lincoln/0000-0001-6046-3304; Bernal, Rodrigo/0000-0001-7517-7781 FU Sandia's Solid State Lighting Science Energy Frontier Research Center; U.S. DOE Office of Basic Energy Sciences; Initiative for Sustainability and Energy at Northwestern (ISEN); National Defensive Science and Engineering Graduate Fellowship program; National Science Foundation [DMR-0907196, EEC-0647560]; NSF-MRI [DMR-0420532]; ONR-DURIP [N00014-0400798, N00014-0610539, NOOO14-0910781]; ISEN; U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000] FX We acknowledge support from Sandia's Solid State Lighting Science Energy Frontier Research Center, funded by the U.S. DOE Office of Basic Energy Sciences. J.R.R. acknowledges partial support by the Initiative for Sustainability and Energy at Northwestern (ISEN) and the National Defensive Science and Engineering Graduate Fellowship program. H.D.E. acknowledges the support of the National Science Foundation through award no. DMR-0907196 and EEC-0647560. Atomprobe tomographic measurements were performed in the Northwestern University Center for Atom-Probe Tomography (NUCAPT). The LEAP tomograph was purchased and upgraded with funding from NSF-MRI (DMR-0420532) and ONR-DURIP (N00014-0400798, N00014-0610539, NOOO14-0910781) grants. We also gratefully acknowledge ISEN for grants to upgrade the capabilities of NUCAPT. We thank I. Blum for valuable assistance and discussions regarding multiple hit analysis. Sandia National Laboratories is a multiprogram laboratory managed and operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corporation, for the U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. NR 51 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 1 U2 32 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1936-0851 J9 ACS NANO JI ACS Nano PD MAY PY 2012 VL 6 IS 5 BP 3898 EP 3906 DI 10.1021/nn2050517 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA 944VK UT WOS:000304231700028 PM 22515737 ER PT J AU Lin, ZB Li, HS Franceschetti, A Lusk, MT AF Lin, Zhibin Li, Huashan Franceschetti, Alberto Lusk, Mark T. TI Efficient Exciton Transport between Strongly Quantum-Confined Silicon Quantum Dots SO ACS NANO LA English DT Article DE exciton transport; silicon quantum dots; photovoltaic; many-body theory; Fermis golden rule ID ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE CALCULATIONS; ENERGY-TRANSFER; NANOCRYSTALS; LIGHT; SI; LUMINESCENCE; EXCITATIONS; GENERATION; DEPENDENCE; EMISSION AB Many-body Green function analysis and first-order perturbation theory are used to quantify the influence of size, surface reconstruction, and surface treatment on exciton transport between small silicon quantum dots. Competing radiative processes are also considered in order to determine how exciton transport efficiency is influenced. The analysis shows that quantum confinement causes small (similar to 1 nm) Si quantum dots to exhibit exciton transport efficiencies far exceeding that of their larger counterparts for the same center-to-center separation. This surprising result offers the prospect of designing assemblies of quantum dots through which excitons can travel for long distances, a game-changing paradigm shift for next-generation solar energy harvesting. We also find that surface reconstruction significantly influences the absorption cross section and leads to a large reduction In both transport rate and efficiency. Further, exciton transport efficiency is higher for hydrogen-passivated dots as compared with those terminated with more electronegative ligands, a result not predicted by Forster theory. C1 [Lin, Zhibin; Li, Huashan; Lusk, Mark T.] Colorado Sch Mines, Dept Phys, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Franceschetti, Alberto] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Lin, ZB (reprint author), Colorado Sch Mines, Dept Phys, Golden, CO 80401 USA. EM zlin@mines.edu; huali@mines.edu; Alberto.Franceschetti@nrel.gov; mlusk@mines.edu FU Renewable Energy Materials Research Science and Engineering Center (NSF) at the Colorado School of Mines [DMR-0820518]; National Renewable Energy Laboratory; Golden Energy Computing Organization at the Colorado School of Mines (NSF) [CNS-0722415] FX This work was supported by the Renewable Energy Materials Research Science and Engineering Center (NSF grant no. DMR-0820518) at the Colorado School of Mines and the National Renewable Energy Laboratory. The calculations were carried out using the high-performance computing resources provided by the Golden Energy Computing Organization at the Colorado School of Mines (NSF grant no. CNS-0722415). NR 47 TC 42 Z9 42 U1 3 U2 59 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1936-0851 J9 ACS NANO JI ACS Nano PD MAY PY 2012 VL 6 IS 5 BP 4029 EP 4038 DI 10.1021/nn3003407 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA 944VK UT WOS:000304231700042 PM 22468899 ER PT J AU Chan, H Demortiere, A Vukovic, L Kral, P Petit, C AF Chan, Henry Demortiere, Arnaud Vukovic, Lela Kral, Petr Petit, Christophe TI Colloidal Nanocube Supercrystals Stabilized by Multipolar Coulombic Coupling SO ACS NANO LA English DT Article DE molecular dynamics; self-assembly; nanocubes; multipolar coupling; charge transfer ID BINARY NANOPARTICLE SUPERLATTICES; NANOCRYSTAL SUPERLATTICES; SELF-ORGANIZATION; GOLD NANOPARTICLES; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; CDSE NANOCRYSTALS; BUILDING-BLOCKS; SHAPE; ASSEMBLIES; PARTICLES AB We explore microscopic principles governing the self-assembly of colloidal octylamine-coated platinum nanocubes solvated In toluene. Our experiments show that regular nanocubes with an edge length of I-RC = 55 nm form supercrystals with simple cubic packing, while slightly truncated nanocubes with an edge length of I-TC = 4.7 nm tend to arrange in fcc packing. We model by averaged force fields and atomistic molecular dynamics simulations the coupling forces between these nanocrystals. Our detailed analysis shows that the fcc packing, which for cubes has a lower density than simple cubic packing, is favored by the truncated nanocubes due to their Coulombic coupling by multipolar electrostatic fields, formed during charge transfer between the octylamine ligands and the Pt cores. C1 [Demortiere, Arnaud; Petit, Christophe] Univ Paris 06, Lab Mat Mesoscop & Nanometr, CNRS, UMR 7070, F-75252 Paris 05, France. [Chan, Henry; Vukovic, Lela; Kral, Petr] Univ Illinois, Dept Chem, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. [Demortiere, Arnaud] Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Nanoscale Mat, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Kral, Petr] Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. RP Demortiere, A (reprint author), Univ Paris 06, Lab Mat Mesoscop & Nanometr, CNRS, UMR 7070, 4 Pl Jussieu, F-75252 Paris 05, France. EM ademortiere@anl.gov; pkral@uic.edu FU UIC FX The authors would like to express their gratitude to Cedric Leuvrey, IPCMS, UMR 7504 CNRS/UdS, Strasbourg, France, for his assistance with the characterization of supercrystals using SEM-FEG, and Pascale Launois and Pierre-Antoine Albouy, LPS, UMR 8502 CNRS/Universite Paris Sud, Orsay, France, for their valuable discussions. L.V. acknowledges support from the UIC Dean Scholar Award. The presented calculations have been partly realized on the NERSC and NCSA supercomputer networks. NR 70 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 11 U2 97 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1936-0851 J9 ACS NANO JI ACS Nano PD MAY PY 2012 VL 6 IS 5 BP 4203 EP 4213 DI 10.1021/nn3007338 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA 944VK UT WOS:000304231700061 PM 22502636 ER PT J AU Xin, HL Pach, EA Diaz, RE Stach, EA Salmeron, M Zheng, HM AF Xin, Huolin L. Pach, Elzbieta A. Diaz, Rosa E. Stach, Eric A. Salmeron, Miguel Zheng, Haimei TI Revealing Correlation of Valence State with Nanoporous Structure in Cobalt Catalyst Nanoparticles by In Situ Environmental TEM SO ACS NANO LA English DT Article DE environmental TEM; in situ TEM; cobalt catalysts; porosity control; Fischer-Tropsch synthesis ID FISCHER-TROPSCH SYNTHESIS; X-RAY-ABSORPTION; ELECTRON; SPECTROSCOPY; DESIGN; OXIDES AB Simultaneously probing the electronic structure and morphology of materials at the nanometer or atomic scale while a chemical reaction proceeds is significant for understanding the underlying reaction mechanisms and optimizing a materials design. This is especially important In the study of nanoparticle catalysts, yet such experiments have rarely been achieved. Utilizing an environmental transmission electron microscope equipped with a differentially pumped gas cell, we are able to conduct nanoscopic imaging and electron energy loss spectroscopy in situ for cobalt catalysts under reaction conditions. Studies reveal quantitative correlation of the cobalt valence states with the particles' nanoporous structures. The in situ experiments were performed on nanoporous cobalt particles coated with silica, while a 15 mTorr hydrogen environment was maintained at various temperatures (300-600 degrees C). When the nanoporous particles were reduced, the valence state changed from cobalt oxide to metallic cobalt and concurrent structural coarsening was observed. In situ mapping of the valence state and the corresponding nanoporous structures allows quantitative analysis necessary for understanding and improving the mass activity and lifetime of cobalt-based catalysts, for example, for Fischer-Tropsch synthesis that converts carbon monoxide and hydrogen into fuels, and uncovering the catalyst optimization mechanisms. C1 [Xin, Huolin L.; Pach, Elzbieta A.; Salmeron, Miguel; Zheng, Haimei] Univ Calif Berkeley, Div Mat Sci, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Diaz, Rosa E.; Stach, Eric A.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Ctr Funct Nanomat, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Zheng, HM (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Div Mat Sci, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM hmzheng@lbl.gov RI Stach, Eric/D-8545-2011; Xin, Huolin/E-2747-2010 OI Stach, Eric/0000-0002-3366-2153; Xin, Huolin/0000-0002-6521-868X FU Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Chemical Science Division of the U.S. DOE [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-98CH10886]; U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; DOE Office of Science FX This work was supported by the Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Chemical Science Division of the U.S. DOE under Contrast No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. The in situ environmental TEM experiments were carried out at the Center for Functional Nanomaterials, Brookhaven National Laboratory, which is supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886. We performed ex situ TEM experiments at National Center for Electron Microscopy (NCEM) of the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), which is supported by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. E.A.P. thanks Trevor Ewers and Prof. Paul Alivisatos for providing guidance and the access to the synthesis laboratory. H.L.X.. thanks Peter Ercius for helping with the tomography setup and Robert Hoyden for the development of the Cornell e-Tomo reconstruction software. H.Z. thanks the funding support from DOE Office of Science Early Career Research Program. NR 21 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 5 U2 104 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1936-0851 J9 ACS NANO JI ACS Nano PD MAY PY 2012 VL 6 IS 5 BP 4241 EP 4247 DI 10.1021/nn3007652 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA 944VK UT WOS:000304231700065 PM 22494286 ER PT J AU Cummings, AW Leonard, F AF Cummings, Aron W. Leonard, Francois TI Enhanced Performance of Short-Channel Carbon Nanotube Field-Effect Transistors Due to Gate-Modulated Electrical Contacts SO ACS NANO LA English DT Article DE carbon nanotubes; transistors; contacts ID NM AB We use numerical simulations to analyze recent experimental measurements of short-channel carbon nanotube field-effect transistors with palladium contacts. We show that the gate strongly modulates the contact properties, an effect that Is distinct from that observed in Schottky barrier carbon nanotube transistors. This modulation of the contacts by the gate allows for the realization of superior subthreshold swings for short channels, and improved scaling behavior. These results further elucidate the behavior of carbon nanotube metal contacts, and should be useful in the optimization of high-performance carbon nanotube electronics. C1 [Cummings, Aron W.; Leonard, Francois] Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Cummings, AW (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, MS9161, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM awcummi@sandia.gov RI Cummings, Aron/A-1426-2014 OI Cummings, Aron/0000-0003-2307-497X FU Sandia National Laboratories; Lockheed Martin Co. [DEAC01-94-AL85000] FX This project is supported by the Laboratory Directed Research and Development program at Sandia National Laboratories, a multiprogram laboratory operated by Sandia Corporation, a Lockheed Martin Co., for the United States Department of Energy under Contract No. DEAC01-94-AL85000. NR 24 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 5 U2 38 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1936-0851 J9 ACS NANO JI ACS Nano PD MAY PY 2012 VL 6 IS 5 BP 4494 EP 4499 DI 10.1021/nn301302n PG 6 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA 944VK UT WOS:000304231700094 PM 22530701 ER PT J AU Manceau, A Marcus, MA Grangeon, S AF Manceau, Alain Marcus, Matthew A. Grangeon, Sylvain TI Determination of Mn valence states in mixed-valent manganates by XANES spectroscopy SO AMERICAN MINERALOGIST LA English DT Article DE XANES; valence determination; phyllomanganates; tectomanganates; manganese oxides ID X-RAY-ABSORPTION; HIGH-TEMPERATURE DECOMPOSITION; ENERGY-LOSS SPECTROSCOPY; K-EDGE XANES; NA-RICH BIRNESSITE; MANGANESE OXIDES; OXIDATION-STATE; HEXAGONAL BIRNESSITE; QUANTITATIVE SPECIATION; LEPTOTHRIX-DISCOPHORA AB The valence states of Mn in mixed-valent layer and tunnel structure manganese dioxides (MnO2), usually referred to as phyllomanganates and tectomanganates, can be measured by X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) spectroscopy with a precision and accuracy that are difficult to estimate owing to the paucity of well-characterized standards. A compilation of the Mn K-edge XANES spectra of most naturally occurring manganates, synthetic analogs of known structure and chemical composition, and pure-valence phase species is presented and made available as an open source. We intend this compilation to serve as a basis for the spectroscopic determination of the fractions of the Mn 2+, 3+, and 4+ valences in mixed-valent manganates and phase mixtures. The XANES derivatives of tectomanganates and phyllomanganates with no or little Mn3+ in the MnO2 layer exhibit intensities, shapes, and relative energy positions of the main features characteristics of a particular valence composition. For these compounds, valence fractions can be derived using linear combination fitting analysis. Best quantitative results are obtained when the unknown spectrum is fit to a weighted sum of all reference spectra in the database with the fractions of species constrained to be non-negative (Combo method). The accuracy of the average valence is estimated to 0.04 v.u, in the range of 3+ to 4+, and decreases when the proportion of divalent Mn is higher than 15%. The accuracy of the method is also lower in (layer Mn3+, Mn4+) manganates, because the XANES features are affected non-additively by the amount and distribution of the Jahn-Teller Mn3+ cations. The merit of the Combo method for the determination of manganese valence sums relative to the methods based on calibration curves is discussed. C1 [Manceau, Alain; Grangeon, Sylvain] CNRS, ISTerre, F-38041 Grenoble 9, France. [Manceau, Alain; Grangeon, Sylvain] Univ Grenoble 1, F-38041 Grenoble 9, France. [Marcus, Matthew A.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Adv Light Source, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Manceau, A (reprint author), CNRS, ISTerre, F-38041 Grenoble 9, France. EM Alain.Manceau@obs.ujf-grenoble.fr FU Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Sciences Division of the U.S. Department of Energy at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX Samples KR21-Cu and SP6-Cu were kindly provided by Naoyuki Miyata and Yukinori Tani. The ALS is supported by the Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Sciences Division of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231 at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. NR 84 TC 53 Z9 53 U1 14 U2 111 PU MINERALOGICAL SOC AMER PI CHANTILLY PA 3635 CONCORDE PKWY STE 500, CHANTILLY, VA 20151-1125 USA SN 0003-004X J9 AM MINERAL JI Am. Miner. PD MAY-JUN PY 2012 VL 97 IS 5-6 BP 816 EP 827 DI 10.2138/am.2012.3903 PG 12 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Mineralogy SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Mineralogy GA 944OE UT WOS:000304212900006 ER PT J AU Dong, L Wright, J Peters, B Ferguson, BA Tittel, FK McWhorter, S AF Dong, L. Wright, J. Peters, B. Ferguson, B. A. Tittel, F. K. McWhorter, S. TI Compact QEPAS sensor for trace methane and ammonia detection in impure hydrogen SO APPLIED PHYSICS B-LASERS AND OPTICS LA English DT Article ID ENHANCED PHOTOACOUSTIC-SPECTROSCOPY; QUANTUM CASCADE LASER; DIODE-LASER; GASES AB A compact two-gas sensor based on quartz-enhanced photoacoustic spectroscopy (QEPAS) was developed for trace methane and ammonia quantification in impure hydrogen. The sensor is equipped with a micro-resonator to confine the sound wave and enhance QEPAS signal. The normalized noise-equivalent absorption coefficients (1) of 2.45x10(-8) cm(-1) W/Hz and 9.1x10(-9) cm(-1) W/Hz for CH4 detection at 200 Torr and NH3 detection at 50 Torr were demonstrated with the QEPAS sensor configuration, respectively. The influence of water vapor on the CH4 channel was also investigated. C1 [Dong, L.; Tittel, F. K.] Rice Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Houston, TX 77005 USA. [Wright, J.; Peters, B.; Ferguson, B. A.; McWhorter, S.] Savannah River Natl Lab, Hydrogen Technol Res Lab, Aiken, SC 29808 USA. RP Tittel, FK (reprint author), Rice Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, 6100 Main St, Houston, TX 77005 USA. EM FKT@rice.edu RI Tittel, Frank/G-4821-2014 FU National Science Foundation ERC MIRTHE; Welch Foundation [C-0586]; Department of Energy (DOE) National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA) Readiness Campaign [NA-123] FX The Rice University group acknowledges financial support from a National Science Foundation ERC MIRTHE award and a Grant C-0586 from the Welch Foundation. Significant funding was also provided by the Department of Energy (DOE) National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA) Readiness Campaign (NA-123). NR 24 TC 31 Z9 32 U1 1 U2 18 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0946-2171 J9 APPL PHYS B-LASERS O JI Appl. Phys. B-Lasers Opt. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 107 IS 2 BP 459 EP 467 DI 10.1007/s00340-012-4908-x PG 9 WC Optics; Physics, Applied SC Optics; Physics GA 943ZL UT WOS:000304166900029 ER PT J AU Wiese, C Rudolph, JH Jakob, B Fink, D Tobias, F Blattner, C Taucher-Scholz, G AF Wiese, Claudia Rudolph, Jeanette Heede Jakob, Burkhard Fink, Daniela Tobias, Frank Blattner, Christine Taucher-Scholz, Gisela TI PCNA-dependent accumulation of CDKN1A into nuclear foci after ionizing irradiation SO DNA REPAIR LA English DT Article DE CDKN1A; PCNA; DNA repair; Ionizing radiation; DNA double-strand breaks; Base excision repair ID FAS-MEDIATED APOPTOSIS; DNA-DAMAGE SITES; CELL-CYCLE; HUMAN FIBROBLASTS; EXCISION-REPAIR; CASPASE 3; S-PHASE; P21; PROTEINS; P21(WAF1/CIP1) AB The cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor CDKN1A/p21 confers cell-cycle arrest in response to DNA damage and inhibits DNA replication through its direct interaction with the proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and cyclin/cyclin-dependent kinase complexes. Previously, we reported that in response to densely ionizing radiation CDKN1A rapidly is recruited to the sites of particle traversal, and that CDKN1A foci formation in response to heavy ions is independent of its transactivation by TP53. Here, we show that exposure of normal human fibroblasts to X-rays or to H2O2 also induces nuclear accumulations of CDKN1A. We find that CDKN1A foci formation in response to radiation damage is dependent on its dephosphorylation and on its direct physical interaction with PCNA. Live cell imaging analyses of ectopically expressed EGFP-CDKN1A and dsRed-PCNA show rapid recruitment of both proteins into foci after radiation damage. Detailed dynamic measurements reveal a slightly delayed recruitment of CDKN1A compared to PCNA, which is best described by bi-exponential curve fitting, taking the preceding binding of PCNA to DNA into account. We propose a regulatory role for CDKN1A in mediating PCNA function after radiation damage, and provide evidence that this role is distinct from its involvement in nucleotide excision repair and unrelated to double-strand break repair. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Wiese, Claudia] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Rudolph, Jeanette Heede; Jakob, Burkhard; Fink, Daniela; Tobias, Frank; Taucher-Scholz, Gisela] GSI Helmholtzzentrum Schwerionenforsch, D-64291 Darmstadt, Germany. [Blattner, Christine] Karlsruhe Inst Technol, Inst Toxicol & Genet, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany. RP Wiese, C (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM CWiese@lbl.gov; G.Taucher-Scholz@gsi.de RI Jakob, Burkhard/D-2047-2013; Blattner, Christine/H-2105-2013 OI Jakob, Burkhard/0000-0003-2404-377X; Blattner, Christine/0000-0002-7250-5273 FU Bundesministerium fur Bildung und Forschung [02NUK001A]; National Aeronautics and Space Administration [NNJ055HI36I] FX The authors greatly acknowledge technical help by Gudrun Becher, Wolfgang Becher, Gunther Lenz and Katja Kratz. This work was supported by Bundesministerium fur Bildung und Forschung [02NUK001A] and grant NNJ055HI36I from the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. NR 52 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1568-7864 J9 DNA REPAIR JI DNA Repair PD MAY 1 PY 2012 VL 11 IS 5 BP 511 EP 521 DI 10.1016/j.dnarep.2012.02.006 PG 11 WC Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA 948HP UT WOS:000304494500007 PM 22456500 ER PT J AU Reshetenko, TV Bender, G Bethune, K Rocheleau, R AF Reshetenko, Tatyana V. Bender, Guido Bethune, Keith Rocheleau, Richard TI Systematic studies of the gas humidification effects on spatial PEMFC performance distributions SO ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article DE PEMFC; Segmented cell; Current distribution; Spatial EIS; Humidification ID ELECTROLYTE FUEL-CELLS; MASS-TRANSPORT PHENOMENA; IMPEDANCE SPECTROSCOPY; PERMEATION PROPERTIES; O2/N2 MIXTURES; LOW-HUMIDITY; PART I; MEMBRANE; DIFFUSION; OXYGEN AB The overall current density that is measured in a proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) represents the average of the local reaction rates. The overall and local PEMFC performances are determined by several primary loss mechanisms, namely activation, ohmic, and mass transfer. Spatial performance and loss variabilities are significant and depend on the cell design and operating conditions. A segmented cell system was used to quantify different loss distributions along the gas channel to understand the effects of gas humidification. A reduction in the reactant stream humidification decreased cell performance and resulted in non-uniform distributions of overpotentials and performance along the flow field. Activation and ohmic overpotentials increased with a relative humidity decrease due to insufficient membrane and catalyst layer hydration. The relative humidity of the cathode had a strong impact on the mass transfer overpotential due to a lower oxygen permeability through the dry Nafion film covering the catalyst surface. The mass transfer loss distribution was non-uniform, and the mass transfer overpotential increased for the outlet segments due to the oxygen consumption at the inlet segments, which reduced the oxygen concentration downstream, and a progressive water accumulation from upstream segments. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and an equivalent electric circuit (EEC) facilitated the analysis and interpretation of the segmented cell data. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Reshetenko, Tatyana V.; Bethune, Keith; Rocheleau, Richard] Univ Hawaii, Hawaii Nat Energy Inst, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Bender, Guido] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Reshetenko, TV (reprint author), Univ Hawaii, Hawaii Nat Energy Inst, 1680 East West Rd,Post 109, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. EM tatyanar@hawaii.edu FU Office of Naval Research (ONR) [N00014-06-1-1055]; Hawaiian Electric Company FX We gratefully acknowledge funding from the Office of Naval Research (ONR) under Award Number N00014-06-1-1055. The authors are grateful to the Hawaiian Electric Company for their ongoing support to the operations of the Hawaii Fuel Cell Test Facility. The authors would also like to thank Gunter Randolf for valuable discussions and support regarding solutions for the system used herein and software design as well as Douglas Wheeler and Jean St-Pierre for discussions concerning the obtained data. NR 45 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 5 U2 35 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0013-4686 J9 ELECTROCHIM ACTA JI Electrochim. Acta PD MAY 1 PY 2012 VL 69 BP 220 EP 229 DI 10.1016/j.electacta.2012.02.111 PG 10 WC Electrochemistry SC Electrochemistry GA 942EE UT WOS:000304024400031 ER PT J AU Elezovic, NR Babic, BM Gajic-Krstajic, L Ercius, P Radmilovic, VR Krstajic, NV Vracar, LM AF Elezovic, N. R. Babic, B. M. Gajic-Krstajic, Lj. Ercius, P. Radmilovic, V. R. Krstajic, N. V. Vracar, Lj. M. TI Pt supported on nano-tungsten carbide as a beneficial catalyst for the oxygen reduction reaction in alkaline solution SO ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article DE WC support; Pt/WC catalyst; Pt nanoparticles; Oxygen reduction reaction; Alkaline solution ID MEMBRANE FUEL-CELLS; ELECTROCATALYTIC ACTIVITY; METHANOL OXIDATION; ELECTROCHEMICAL STABILITY; O-2 REDUCTION; PLATINUM; ELECTRODE; HYDROGEN; OXIDE; NANOPARTICLES AB Platinum nanocatalyst at nano-tungsten carbide was synthesized, characterized and tested for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in 0.1 mol dm(-3) NaOH, at 25 degrees C. Tungsten-carbide islands on nano-tungsten particles (WC) was synthesized from gel prepared by using nanoparticles of WO3, previously produced from W-powder oxidized in H2O2. The support was porous material with high specific surface area (177 m(2)g(-1)). The WC supported Pt (10 wt.%) catalyst was prepared by borohydride reduction method. X-ray diffraction of the catalyst demonstrates successful reduction of Pt precursor to metallic form. STEM analysis of Pt/WC catalyst showed the existence of Pt particles lower than 2 nm in size, even the clusters of Pt atoms. Electrochemically active surface area of Pt was determined from adsorption/desorption charge of hydrogen atoms. Catalytic activity of the synthesized catalyst for ORR was studied by cyclic voltammetry and linear sweep voltammetry at rotating disk electrode. The onset potential on Pt/WC for ORR, comparing with Pt/Vulcan, was shifted to the positive potentials for about 150 mV. Pt/WC catalyst shows one Tafel slope of -0.105 V dec(-1), remarkable catalytic activity expressed either through the value of the current density per real surface area, or through the mass activity and excellent stability. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Elezovic, N. R.] Univ Belgrade, Inst Multidisciplinary Res, Belgrade, Serbia. [Babic, B. M.] Univ Belgrade, Vinca Inst Nucl Sci, Belgrade, Serbia. [Gajic-Krstajic, Lj.] Serbian Acad Arts & Sci, Inst Tech Sci, Belgrade, Serbia. [Ercius, P.] LBNL Univ Calif, Natl Ctr Elect Microscopy, Berkeley, CA USA. [Radmilovic, V. R.; Krstajic, N. V.; Vracar, Lj. M.] Univ Belgrade, Fac Technol & Met, Belgrade, Serbia. RP Elezovic, NR (reprint author), Univ Belgrade, Inst Multidisciplinary Res, Kneza Viseslava 1, Belgrade, Serbia. EM nelezovic@tmf.bg.ac.rs RI Gajic-Krstajic, Ljiljana/F-9983-2010 OI Gajic-Krstajic, Ljiljana/0000-0001-8996-7477 FU Ministry of Science and Technological Development, Republic of Serbia [172054]; Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX This work is financially supported by the Ministry of Science and Technological Development, Republic of Serbia, under Contract No. 172054.; Electron microscopy characterization was performed at the National Center for Electron Microscopy, which is supported by the Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. NR 41 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 13 U2 100 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0013-4686 J9 ELECTROCHIM ACTA JI Electrochim. Acta PD MAY 1 PY 2012 VL 69 BP 239 EP 246 DI 10.1016/j.electacta.2012.02.105 PG 8 WC Electrochemistry SC Electrochemistry GA 942EE UT WOS:000304024400033 ER PT J AU Peter, WH Muth, T Chen, W Yamamoto, Y Jolly, B Stone, NA Cantin, GMD Barnes, J Paliwal, M Smith, R Capone, J Liby, A Williams, J Blue, C AF Peter, W. H. Muth, T. Chen, W. Yamamoto, Y. Jolly, Brian Stone, N. A. Cantin, G. M. D. Barnes, J. Paliwal, M. Smith, R. Capone, J. Liby, A. Williams, J. Blue, C. TI Titanium Sheet Fabricated from Powder for Industrial Applications SO JOM LA English DT Article AB In collaboration with Ametek and Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO), Oak Ridge National Laboratory has evaluated three different methods for converting titanium hydride-dehydride (HDH) powder into a thin-gauge titanium sheet from a roll-compacted preform. Methodologies include sintering, followed by cold rolling and annealing; direct hot rolling of the roll-compacted sheet; and hot rolling of multiple layers of roll-compacted sheet that are encapsulated in a steel can. Fabrication of fully consolidated sheet has been demonstrated using all three methods, and each processing route has the ability to produce a sheet that meets ASTM B265 specifications. However, not every method currently provides a sheet that can be highly formed without tearing. The degree of sintering between powder particles, postprocessing density, and the particle-to-particle boundary layer where compositional variations may exist have a significant effect on the ability to form the sheet into useful components. Uniaxial tensile test results, compositional analysis, bend testing, and biaxial testing of the titanium sheet produced from hydride-dehydride powder will be discussed. Multiple methods of fabrication and the resulting properties can then be assessed to determine the most effective and economical means of making components for industrial applications. C1 [Peter, W. H.; Muth, T.; Chen, W.; Yamamoto, Y.; Jolly, Brian; Stone, N. A.; Cantin, G. M. D.; Barnes, J.; Paliwal, M.; Smith, R.; Capone, J.; Liby, A.; Williams, J.; Blue, C.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Peter, WH (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, 1 Bethel Valley Rd,POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM muthtr@ornl.gov RI Chen, Wei/C-1110-2011 FU Defense Advance Research Projects Agency, Defense Science Office; Office of Secretary of Defense, Industrial Policy; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), Advanced Manufacturing Office [DE-AC05-00OR22725]; UT-Battelle, LLC FX ORNL's successful research in titanium sheet fabrication has been made possible by multiple entities over several years. Early roll compaction research was sponsored by the Defense Advance Research Projects Agency, Defense Science Office. The consolidation of sheet as part of process route 1 was funded by the Office of Secretary of Defense, Industrial Policy and managed by the Defense Logistics Agency as part of the Industrial Based Innovation Funds. Research regarding the consolidation of powder into sheet for process route 2 (ORNL's portion), and process route 3 and property testing was funded by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), Advanced Manufacturing Office, under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725 with UT-Battelle, LLC. ORNL would also like to thank industrial partners Solar Atmospheres, Inc. and Niagara Specialty Metals for their respective contributions. Thanks are given to ORNL team members Dave Harper, Kevin Harper, Greg Cox, Larry Lowe, Michael Clark, Ron Swain, Alina Lowden, Jackie Mayotte, Hiram Rogers, John Rivard, and Rita Ayers. The CSIRO Titanium Sheet team includes the following members: Daniel East, Mark Gibson, Peter Kean, David Ritchie, Robert Wilson and Merchant Yousuff. NR 9 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 7 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1047-4838 J9 JOM-US JI JOM PD MAY PY 2012 VL 64 IS 5 BP 566 EP 571 DI 10.1007/s11837-012-0309-1 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Mineralogy; Mining & Mineral Processing SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Mineralogy; Mining & Mineral Processing GA 947RL UT WOS:000304447300006 ER PT J AU Barrios, MA Boehly, TR Hicks, DG Fratanduono, DE Eggert, JH Collins, GW Meyerhofer, DD AF Barrios, M. A. Boehly, T. R. Hicks, D. G. Fratanduono, D. E. Eggert, J. H. Collins, G. W. Meyerhofer, D. D. TI Precision equation-of-state measurements on National Ignition Facility ablator materials from 1 to 12 Mbar using laser-driven shock waves SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID DESIGN AB A large uncertainty in the design of ignition capsules for use in the National Ignition Campaign (NIC) is the ablator equation of state. In this article, we report equation-of-state measurements for two candidate NIC ablator materials, glow-discharge polymer (GDP), and germanium-doped GDP. These materials were driven to pressures of 1 to 12 Mbar using laser-driven shock waves. Hugoniot measurements were obtained using the impedance matching technique with an alpha-quartz standard. This article presents the first kinematic measurements in the high-pressure fluid regime for these materials, which show to be in close agreement with Livermore equation-of-state model predictions. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4712050] C1 [Barrios, M. A.; Boehly, T. R.; Fratanduono, D. E.; Meyerhofer, D. D.] Univ Rochester, Laser Energet Lab, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. [Hicks, D. G.; Eggert, J. H.; Collins, G. W.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Barrios, M. A.; Meyerhofer, D. D.] Univ Rochester, Dept Phys & Astron, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. [Fratanduono, D. E.; Meyerhofer, D. D.] Univ Rochester, Dept Mech Engn, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. RP Barrios, MA (reprint author), Univ Rochester, Laser Energet Lab, 250 E River Rd, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. RI Hicks, Damien/B-5042-2015 OI Hicks, Damien/0000-0001-8322-9983 FU U.S. Department of Energy Office of Inertial Confinement Fusion [DE-FC52-08NA28302]; University of Rochester; New York State Energy Research and Development Authority FX The authors thank the Omega Laser Facility personnel for their professionalism and outstanding work that enabled us to perform these experiments. This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Inertial Confinement Fusion under Cooperative Agreement No. DE-FC52-08NA28302, the University of Rochester, and the New York State Energy Research and Development Authority. The support of DOE does not constitute an endorsement by DOE of the views expressed in this article. NR 29 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 18 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD MAY 1 PY 2012 VL 111 IS 9 AR 093515 DI 10.1063/1.4712050 PG 9 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 943GY UT WOS:000304109900032 ER PT J AU Duchateau, G Feit, MD Demos, SG AF Duchateau, Guillaume Feit, Michael D. Demos, Stavros G. TI Strong nonlinear growth of energy coupling during laser irradiation of transparent dielectrics and its significance for laser induced damage SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID FUSED-SILICA; NANOSECOND PULSES; GLASS; ABSORPTION; CRYSTALS; NM; DENSIFICATION; RADIATION; BREAKDOWN; DYNAMICS AB The interaction of high power nanosecond laser pulses with absorbing defects, located in the bulk of transparent dielectric materials and having a multilevel electronic structure, is addressed. The model assumes a moderate localized initial absorption that is strongly enhanced during the laser pulse via excited state absorption and thermally driven generation of new point defects in surrounding material. This model is applied to laser induced damage initiation in the bulk of potassium dihydrogen phosphate crystals (KH2PO4 or KDP) and addresses how during a fraction of the pulse duration the host material around the defect cluster is transformed into a strong absorber that leads to the sufficiently large energy coupling resulting in a damage event. This scenario is supported by time resolved imaging of material modification during the initial phases of laser induced damage in KDP and fused silica. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4707755] C1 [Duchateau, Guillaume] CEA, Ctr Etud Ripault, F-37260 Monts, France. [Feit, Michael D.; Demos, Stavros G.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Duchateau, G (reprint author), Univ Bordeaux 1, CNRS, CEA, CELIA,UMR 5107, 351 Cours Liberat, F-33405 Talence, France. EM duchateau@celia.u-bordeaux1.fr RI Feit, Michael/A-4480-2009 FU CEA (France); U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344] FX We would like to thank R. A. Negres, R. Raman, L. Hallo, D. Hebert, and V. Tikhonchuk for their helpful discussions. This work was performed in part with support by CEA (France). This work was performed in part under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract No. DE-AC52-07NA27344. NR 45 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 4 U2 44 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD MAY 1 PY 2012 VL 111 IS 9 AR 093106 DI 10.1063/1.4707755 PG 12 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 943GY UT WOS:000304109900006 ER PT J AU Elhadj, S Qiu, SR Monterrosa, AM Stolz, CJ AF Elhadj, S. Qiu, S. R. Monterrosa, A. M. Stolz, C. J. TI Heating dynamics of CO2-laser irradiated silica particles with evaporative shrinking: Measurements and modeling SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID TEMPERATURE-MEASUREMENT; FUSED-SILICA; MICROPARTICLES; RADIATION AB The heating dynamics of CO2-laser heated micron-sized particles were determined for temperatures <3500 K measured using infrared imaging. A coupled mass and energy conservation model is derived to predict single particle temperatures and sizes, which were compared with data from particles deposited on non-absorbing substrates to assess the relevant heat transfer processes. Analysis reveals substrate conduction dominates all other heat losses, while laser absorption determined from Mie theory is strongly modulated by particle evaporative shrinking. This study provides insights into the light coupling and heating of particle arrays where the material optical properties are temperature-dependent and particle size changes are significant. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4716016] C1 [Elhadj, S.; Qiu, S. R.; Stolz, C. J.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Monterrosa, A. M.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Nucl Engn, Berkeley, CA 94704 USA. [Monterrosa, A. M.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Berkeley, CA 94704 USA. RP Elhadj, S (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM Elhadj2@llnl.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344] FX The authors would like to thank Dr. Michael Feit and Dr. Ibo Matthews for useful discussions on silica evaporation chemistry and EM wave/material coupling. This work performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract No. DE-AC52-07NA27344. NR 21 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 16 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD MAY 1 PY 2012 VL 111 IS 9 AR 093113 DI 10.1063/1.4716016 PG 5 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 943GY UT WOS:000304109900013 ER PT J AU Feng, CB Yin, WJ Nie, JL Zu, XT Huda, MN Wei, SH Al-Jassim, MM Turner, JA Yan, YF AF Feng, Chunbao Yin, Wan-Jian Nie, Jinlan Zu, Xiaotao Huda, Muhammad N. Wei, Su-Huai Al-Jassim, Mowafak M. Turner, John A. Yan, Yanfa TI Strong asymmetrical doping properties of spinel CoAl2O4 SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID TOTAL-ENERGY CALCULATIONS; AUGMENTED-WAVE METHOD; BASIS-SET; WATER; OXIDE; PHOTOELECTROLYSIS; SEMICONDUCTORS AB Using first-principles density-functional theory, we have investigated the intrinsic and extrinsic doping properties of CoAl2O4 by calculating the transition energies and formation energies of intrinsic and extrinsic defects. We find that CoAl2O4 exhibits strong asymmetrical doping properties: Although excellent p-type conductivity can be achieved by Li or Na doping at O-rich growth condition, n-type conductivity cannot be achieved by any intrinsic or extrinsic dopants at any growth conditions. These asymmetrical doping properties are attributed to the formation of intrinsic defects, particularly Al-Co, which has very low formation energy at all growth conditions. Our results suggest that for better use of CoAl2O4, the electronic devices should require CoAl2O4 to exhibit p-type conductivity. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4716025] C1 [Feng, Chunbao; Nie, Jinlan; Zu, Xiaotao] Univ Elect Sci & Technol China, Dept Appl Phys, Chengdu 610054, Peoples R China. [Feng, Chunbao; Huda, Muhammad N.] Univ Texas Arlington, Dept Phys, Arlington, TX 76019 USA. [Feng, Chunbao; Yin, Wan-Jian; Wei, Su-Huai; Al-Jassim, Mowafak M.; Turner, John A.] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Yan, Yanfa] Univ Toledo, Dept Phys & Astron, Toledo, OH 43606 USA. RP Yan, YF (reprint author), Univ Toledo, Dept Phys & Astron, Toledo, OH 43606 USA. EM yanfa.yan@utoledo.edu RI Huda, Muhammad/C-1193-2008; Yin, Wanjian/F-6738-2013 OI Huda, Muhammad/0000-0002-2655-498X; FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC36-08GO28308]; China Scholarship Council (CSC); National Sciences Foundation of China [G0501040161178018]; Ohio Research Scholar Program (ORSP) FX We thank Aron Walsh for helpful discussions. The work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Fuel Cell Technologies Program under Contract No. DE-AC36-08GO28308 to the National Renewable Energy Laboratory. C.B.F. acknowledges financial support from the "Joint Ph.D. Plan" of the China Scholarship Council (CSC). Work at UESTC was supported by the National Sciences Foundation of China (G0501040161178018). Y.Y. acknowledges the support from the Ohio Research Scholar Program (ORSP). NR 40 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 30 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD MAY 1 PY 2012 VL 111 IS 9 AR 093723 DI 10.1063/1.4716025 PG 7 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 943GY UT WOS:000304109900072 ER PT J AU Ge, WW Luo, CT Zhang, QH Devreugd, CP Ren, Y Li, JF Luo, HS Viehland, D AF Ge, Wenwei Luo, Chengtao Zhang, Qinhui Devreugd, Chris P. Ren, Yang Li, Jiefang Luo, Haosu Viehland, D. TI Ultrahigh electromechanical response in (1-x)(Na0.5Bi0.5)TiO3-xBaTiO(3) single-crystals via polarization extension SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID FREE PIEZOELECTRIC MATERIALS; LEAD-FREE PIEZOCERAMICS; ELECTROSTRICTIVE STRAIN; PHASE-TRANSITIONS; MATERIALS SCIENCE; CERAMICS; NA0.5BI0.5TIO3; FERROELECTRICS; PEROVSKITES; ANISOTROPY AB The dielectric, ferroelectric, and electric field-induced strain response of [001]-and [101]-oriented 0.944Na(0.5)Bi(0.5)TiO(3)-0.056BaTiO(3) (0.944NBT-0.056BT) single crystals were investigated as a function of temperature and dc bias (E). An ultrahigh electromechanical response with large amplitude longitudinal piezoelectric coefficients as high as d(33)=2500 pm/V was found in [001](PC) oriented 0.944NBT-0.056BT single crystals near a depolarization temperature of T-d = 130 degrees C. In-situ XRD revealed that the enhanced piezoelectric properties resulted from a polarization extension between a polar pseudocubic phase with a slight tetragonal (P4bm) distortion and a polar tetragonal one with a large tetragonal distortion of c/a = 1.02. Our findings indicate a potential approach to high performance lead-free piezoelectrics, via polarization extension. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4709619] C1 [Ge, Wenwei; Luo, Chengtao; Devreugd, Chris P.; Li, Jiefang; Viehland, D.] Virginia Tech, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Zhang, Qinhui; Luo, Haosu] Chinese Acad Sci, Shanghai Inst Ceram, Shanghai 201800, Peoples R China. [Ren, Yang] Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Ge, WW (reprint author), Virginia Tech, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. EM wenweige@vt.edu FU National Science Foundation (Materials world network) [DMR-0806592]; Department of Energy [DE-FG02-07ER46480]; Natural Science Foundation of China [50602047]; Shanghai Municipal Government [08JC1420500]; Shanghai Institute of Ceramics [Y09ZC4140G]; Ministry of Science and Technology of China [2009CB623305] FX This work was supported by the National Science Foundation (Materials world network) DMR-0806592, by the Department of Energy under DE-FG02-07ER46480, by the Natural Science Foundation of China 50602047, by the Shanghai Municipal Government 08JC1420500, by the Innovation Fund of Shanghai Institute of Ceramics Y09ZC4140G, and by the Ministry of Science and Technology of China through 973 Program 2009CB623305. NR 47 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 2 U2 39 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD MAY 1 PY 2012 VL 111 IS 9 AR 093508 DI 10.1063/1.4709619 PG 8 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 943GY UT WOS:000304109900025 ER PT J AU Gfroerer, TH Crowley, CM Read, CM Wanlass, MW AF Gfroerer, T. H. Crowley, C. M. Read, C. M. Wanlass, M. W. TI Excitation-dependent recombination and diffusion near an isolated dislocation in GaAs SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID HETEROSTRUCTURES; LENGTH AB In low-magnification, plan-view photoluminescence images of a nominally lattice-matched, undoped GaAs/GaInP heterostructure, we observe a random distribution of isolated dark spots. We attribute the dark spots to crystal dislocations, where nonradiative recombination is augmented by transitions utilizing defect-related energy levels between the conduction and valence bands. We note that, when the laser excitation intensity is reduced, the darkened regions expand. At lower excitation, the density of photogenerated electrons and holes is reduced, and they are more likely to reach the defective region before encountering a partner for radiative recombination. When we model the behavior with a simulation that allows for Laplacian diffusion and defect-related recombination only through mid-bandgap energy levels, we do not obtain good agreement between experimental and simulated images. But if we allow for an arbitrary distribution of defect levels, such that the occupation of the levels and bands can change independently, we have more flexibility for fitting the density-dependent recombination rates. The more sophisticated model produces results that are more consistent with experimental images. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4709434] C1 [Gfroerer, T. H.; Crowley, C. M.; Read, C. M.] Davidson Coll, Davidson, NC 28035 USA. [Wanlass, M. W.] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Gfroerer, TH (reprint author), Davidson Coll, Davidson, NC 28035 USA. FU American Chemical Society FX The authors would like to thank J. J. Carapella for performing the MOVPE growth. Acknowledgment is made to the donors of the American Chemical Society - Petroleum Research Fund for support of this research. NR 11 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 9 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD MAY 1 PY 2012 VL 111 IS 9 AR 093712 DI 10.1063/1.4709434 PG 4 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 943GY UT WOS:000304109900061 ER PT J AU Jaffari, GH Rumaiz, AK Woicik, JC Shah, SI AF Jaffari, G. Hassnain Rumaiz, A. K. Woicik, J. C. Shah, S. Ismat TI Influence of oxygen vacancies on the electronic structure and magnetic properties of NiFe2O4 thin films SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID SPINEL FERRITE FILMS; NICKEL FERRITE; TEMPERATURE; GLASS; SPECTROSCOPY; MOSSBAUER; BEHAVIOR; ANGLES AB We report stabilization of magnetic glassy state in non-stoichiometric nickel ferrite thin films prepared by pulse laser deposition. Details of electronic structure of the films are presented and compared with stoichiometric bulk counterpart. Hard x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy shows significant amount of oxygen vacancies and enhanced cationic inversion for thin films. Films show spin glass (SG) features which is contrary to the usual ferrimagnetic response of the bulk nickel ferrite. Films exhibit spin freezing temperature which is above room temperature in low fields (0.1 T) and shifts to lower temperature (similar to 250 K) in the presence of a large applied field of 3 T. An exceptionally large exchange bias (EB) of 170 Oe at a significantly higher temperature (similar to 50 K) is measured in cooling field of 3 T. In comparison, bulk samples do not show exchange bias and magnetic irreversibility vanishes in significantly weaker fields (i.e., few kOe). Role of oxygen vacancies is to induce spin canting by destabilizing indirect super exchange interaction. Consequently, the spin-glass like behavior occurs that is coupled with huge suppression in saturation magnetization in the thin films. Observation of exchange bias is explained to be due to oxygen vacancies (hence non-stoichiometry) which generates random anisotropy in exchange coupled grains. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4704690] C1 [Jaffari, G. Hassnain; Shah, S. Ismat] Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA. [Jaffari, G. Hassnain] Quaid I Azam Univ, Dept Phys, Islamabad, Pakistan. [Rumaiz, A. K.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Synchrotron Light Source, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Woicik, J. C.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. [Shah, S. Ismat] Univ Delaware, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Newark, DE 19716 USA. RP Jaffari, GH (reprint author), Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA. RI Rumaiz, Abdul/J-5084-2012 FU Higher Education Commission Pakistan; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-98CH10886] FX G.H.J. would like to acknowledge the support of Higher Education Commission Pakistan under the project "Development and study of magnetic nanostructures." Use of the National Synchrotron Light Source, Brookhaven National Laboratory, was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886. NR 32 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 3 U2 49 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 EI 1089-7550 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD MAY 1 PY 2012 VL 111 IS 9 AR 093906 DI 10.1063/1.4704690 PG 6 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 943GY UT WOS:000304109900085 ER PT J AU Liu, FL Ruden, PP Campbell, IH Smith, DL AF Liu, Feilong Ruden, P. Paul Campbell, Ian. H. Smith, Darryl L. TI Device model for electronic processes at organic/organic interfaces SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID HETEROJUNCTION SOLAR-CELLS; LIGHT-EMITTING-DIODES; ORGANIC THIN-FILMS; TETRACENE CRYSTALS; EXCITON FISSION; CONJUGATED POLYMERS; DIFFUSION; C-60; RECOMBINATION; EMISSION AB Interfaces between different organic materials can play a key role in determining organic semiconductor device characteristics. Here, we present a physics-based one-dimensional model with the goal of exploring critical processes at organic/organic interfaces. Specifically, we envision a simple bilayer structure consisting of an electron transport layer (ETL), a hole transport layer (HTL), and the interface between them. The model calculations focus on the following aspects: (1) the microscopic physical processes at the interface, such as exciton formation/dissociation, exciplex formation/dissociation, and geminate/nongeminate recombination; (2) the treatment of the interface parameters and the discretization method; and (3) the application of this model to different devices, such as organic light emitting diodes and photovoltaic cells. At the interface, an electron on an ETL molecule can interact with a hole on an adjacent HTL molecule and form an intermolecular excited state (exciplex). If either the electron or the hole transfers across the interface, an exciton can be formed. The exciton may subsequently diffuse into the relevant layer and relax to the ground state. A strong effective electric field at the interface can cause excitons or exciplexes to dissociate into electrons in the ETL and holes in the HTL. Geminate recombination may occur when the Coulomb interaction between the electron and the hole generated at the interface by exciton dissociation causes the formation of a correlated state that then relaxes to the ground state. The relative impacts of the different processes on measurable macroscopic device characteristics are explored in our calculations by varying the corresponding kinetic coefficients. As it is the aim of this work to investigate effects associated with the organic/organic interface, its treatment in the numerical calculations is of critical importance. We model the interface as a continuous but rather sharp transition from the ETL to the HTL. The model is applied to different devices where different microscopic processes dominate. We discuss the results for an organic light emitting device with exciton or exciplex emission and for a photovoltaic device with or without geminate recombination. In the examples, C-60 and tetracene parameters are used for the ETL and HTL materials, respectively. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4709210] C1 [Liu, Feilong; Ruden, P. Paul; Smith, Darryl L.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Ruden, P. Paul; Campbell, Ian. H.; Smith, Darryl L.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Liu, FL (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. EM liux0756@umn.edu RI Liu, Feilong/E-1015-2015; OI Liu, Feilong/0000-0002-8638-2294 FU University of Minnesota Graduate School; MRSEC of National Science Foundation [DMR-0819885]; LDRD FX This work was supported in part by a University of Minnesota Graduate School Fellowship. Additional support was provided by the MRSEC Program of the National Science Foundation under Award No. DMR-0819885. Work at Los Alamos National Laboratory was supported by the LDRD program. Access to the facilities of the Minnesota Supercomputing Institute is gratefully acknowledged. NR 44 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 3 U2 38 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD MAY 1 PY 2012 VL 111 IS 9 AR 094507 DI 10.1063/1.4709210 PG 12 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 943GY UT WOS:000304109900141 ER PT J AU McGuire, MA Ghimire, N Singh, DJ AF McGuire, Michael A. Ghimire, Nirmal Singh, David J. TI Ferromagnetism in ZrFe12-xAlx and HfFe12-xAlx (x=6.0, 6.5, 7.0) SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID MOSSBAUER-SPECTROSCOPY; X-RAY; MAGNETISM; DIFFRACTION; CRYSTAL; SERIES AB Results of crystal structure, microstructure, and magnetic properties studies of arcmelted and annealed ZrFe6Al6, ZrFe5.5Al6.5, ZrFe5Al7, HfFe6Al6, HfFe5.5Al6.5, and HfFe5Al7 are reported. These compounds adopt the ThMn12 structure-type (space group 139, I4/mmm), like their more common rare-earth analogues. Analysis of powder x-ray diffraction data show that the 8f site is occupied by Fe, the 8i site by Al, and the 8j site by a mixture of Fe and Al. All of the compounds undergo a ferromagnetic transition at temperatures ranging from 170 to 270 K. Three effects on the magnetic properties are noted as the Fe content is increased: decrease in the Curie temperature, decrease in the magnetic moment per Fe at high fields, and the development of non-monotonic temperature dependence of the low-field magnetization below the Curie temperature. First principles calculations indicate a ferromagnetic ground state, but find antiferromagnetic interactions among Fe moments on 8j sites which is likely important in understanding the observed behavior. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4712445] C1 [McGuire, Michael A.; Ghimire, Nirmal; Singh, David J.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP McGuire, MA (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM McGuireMA@ornl.gov RI McGuire, Michael/B-5453-2009; Singh, David/I-2416-2012 OI McGuire, Michael/0000-0003-1762-9406; FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Vehicle Technologies FX This research was sponsored by the U.S. Department of Energy, Assistant Secretary for Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Office of Vehicle Technologies, as part of the Propulsion Materials Program. NR 27 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 EI 1089-7550 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD MAY 1 PY 2012 VL 111 IS 9 AR 093918 DI 10.1063/1.4712445 PG 6 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 943GY UT WOS:000304109900097 ER PT J AU Nelson-Cheeseman, BB Chopdekar, RV Toney, MF Arenholz, E Suzuki, Y AF Nelson-Cheeseman, B. B. Chopdekar, R. V. Toney, M. F. Arenholz, E. Suzuki, Y. TI Interplay between magnetism and chemical structure at spinel-spinel interfaces SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID RAY PHOTOELECTRON-SPECTROSCOPY; CIRCULAR-DICHROISM; SINGLE-CRYSTAL; FILMS AB By utilizing a graded wedge sample geometry in combination with surface sensitive soft x-ray techniques, we explain the enhanced magnetic properties observed at the interface between two dissimilar magnetic spinel oxide thin films in terms of the chemical and magnetic character of the constituent cations. Through x-ray absorption spectroscopy and magnetic circular dichroism studies, we find that the interfacial cations exhibit chemical valences and site-occupancies which differ remarkably from the bulk of either film. This results in enhanced magnetic properties localized to the interface region. While this phenomena likely arises from cation interdiffusion of 1-2 nm near the interface due to the open spinel crystal structure, this dramatic change in the magnetic properties localized to a thin interface region may provide a route to obtaining isolated interfacial properties in other spinel-structured heterostructures. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4707890] C1 [Nelson-Cheeseman, B. B.; Chopdekar, R. V.; Suzuki, Y.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Toney, M. F.] SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lightsource, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. [Arenholz, E.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Adv Light Source, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Nelson-Cheeseman, BB (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM bbnelsonchee@anl.gov RI Chopdekar, Rajesh/D-2067-2009 OI Chopdekar, Rajesh/0000-0001-6727-6501 FU National Science Foundation [0604277]; ALS by Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering, of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX This work was supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant #0604277. This work was also supported through the ALS by the Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering, of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. Portions of this research were carried out at SSRL, a national user facility operated by Stanford University on behalf of the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences. NR 20 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 4 U2 19 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD MAY 1 PY 2012 VL 111 IS 9 AR 093903 DI 10.1063/1.4707890 PG 6 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 943GY UT WOS:000304109900082 ER PT J AU Shin, SJ Kucheyev, SO Orme, CA Youngblood, KP Nikroo, A Moreno, KA Chen, B Hamza, AV AF Shin, Swanee J. Kucheyev, Sergei O. Orme, Christine A. Youngblood, Kelly P. Nikroo, Abbas Moreno, Kari A. Chen, Bryan Hamza, Alex V. TI Xenon doping of glow discharge polymer by ion implantation SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID AMORPHOUS-CARBON; FABRICATION; DIFFUSION; HYDROGEN; SPECTRA; MANDREL; FILMS AB We demonstrate controlled doping of a glow discharge polymer by implantation with 500 keV Xe ions at room temperature. The Xe retention exhibits a threshold behavior, with a threshold dose of similar to 2 x 10(14) cm(-2). Doping is accompanied by irradiation-induced changes in the polymer composition, including gradual H loss and a more complex non-monotonic behavior of the O concentration. The matrix composition saturates at C0.77H0.22O0.01 for Xe doses above similar to 5 x 10(14) cm(-2) and up to the maximum dose studied (5 x 10(15) cm(-2)). The retention mechanism is attributed to the modification of the polymer from a chain-like to clustered ring structure. The dopant profile and the elemental composition of the implanted polymer exhibit good stability upon thermal annealing up to 305 degrees C. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4707949] C1 [Shin, Swanee J.; Kucheyev, Sergei O.; Orme, Christine A.; Hamza, Alex V.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. [Youngblood, Kelly P.; Nikroo, Abbas; Moreno, Kari A.; Chen, Bryan] Gen Atom Co, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. RP Shin, SJ (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RI Orme, Christine/A-4109-2009 FU U.S. DOE by LLNL [DE-AC52-07NA27344] FX This work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. DOE by LLNL under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. NR 25 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD MAY 1 PY 2012 VL 111 IS 9 AR 096101 DI 10.1063/1.4707949 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 943GY UT WOS:000304109900164 ER PT J AU Sigdel, AK Ndione, PF Perkins, JD Gennett, T van Hest, MFAM Shaheen, SE Ginley, DS Berry, JJ AF Sigdel, Ajaya K. Ndione, Paul F. Perkins, John D. Gennett, Thomas van Hest, Maikel F. A. M. Shaheen, Sean E. Ginley, David S. Berry, Joseph J. TI Radio-frequency superimposed direct current magnetron sputtered Ga:ZnO transparent conducting thin films SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID DOPED ZINC-OXIDE; PULSED-LASER DEPOSITION; ITO FILMS; SIMULTANEOUS RF; DC-EXCITATION; ZNO FILMS; TEMPERATURE; PARAMETERS; TRANSPORT; PLASMA AB The utilization of radio-frequency (RF) superimposed direct-current (DC) magnetron sputtering deposition on the properties of gallium doped ZnO (GZO) based transparent conducting oxides has been examined. The GZO films were deposited using 76.2mm diameter ZnO:Ga2O3 (5 at. % Ga vs. Zn) ceramic oxide target on heated non-alkaline glass substrates by varying total power from 60W to 120W in steps of 20W and at various power ratios of RF to DC changing from 0 to 1 in steps of 0.25. The GZO thin films grown with pure DC, mixed approach, and pure RF resulted in conductivities of 2200 +/- 200 S/cm, 3920 +/- 600 S/cm, and 3610 +/- 400 S/cm, respectively. X-ray diffraction showed all films have wurtzite ZnO structure with the c-axis oriented perpendicular to the substrate. The films grown with increasing RF portion of the total power resulted in the improvement of crystallographic texture with smaller full-width half maximum in v and broadening of optical gap with increased carrier concentration via more efficient doping. Independent of the total sputtering power, all films grown with 50% or higher RF power portion resulted in high mobility (similar to 28 +/- 1 cm(2)/Vs), consistent with observed improvements in crystallographic texture. All films showed optical transmittance of similar to 90% in the visible range. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4709753] C1 [Sigdel, Ajaya K.; Shaheen, Sean E.] Univ Denver, Dept Phys & Astron, Denver, CO 80208 USA. [Sigdel, Ajaya K.; Ndione, Paul F.; Perkins, John D.; Gennett, Thomas; van Hest, Maikel F. A. M.; Shaheen, Sean E.; Ginley, David S.; Berry, Joseph J.] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Sigdel, AK (reprint author), Univ Denver, Dept Phys & Astron, Denver, CO 80208 USA. RI Shaheen, Sean/M-7893-2013; Ndione, Paul/O-6152-2015 OI Ndione, Paul/0000-0003-4444-2938 FU U.S. Department of Energy [DOE-AC36-08GO28308]; National Renewable Energy Laboratory; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Sciences [DE-SC0001084] FX Materials development including oxide deposition and characterization equipment was provided by the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DOE-AC36-08GO28308 with the National Renewable Energy Laboratory. Support for deposition, characterization and analysis work was provided as part of the Center for Interface Science: Solar-Electric Materials (CIS:SEM), an Energy Frontier Research Center Funded by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Sciences, under Award Number DE-SC0001084. NR 35 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 25 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD MAY 1 PY 2012 VL 111 IS 9 AR 093718 DI 10.1063/1.4709753 PG 7 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 943GY UT WOS:000304109900067 ER PT J AU Voronov, DL Gawlitza, P Cambie, R Dhuey, S Gullikson, EM Warwick, T Braun, S Yashchuk, VV Padmore, HA AF Voronov, D. L. Gawlitza, P. Cambie, R. Dhuey, S. Gullikson, E. M. Warwick, T. Braun, S. Yashchuk, V. V. Padmore, H. A. TI Conformal growth of Mo/Si multilayers on grating substrates using collimated ion beam sputtering SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID X-RAY-SCATTERING; DEMULTIPLEXER; INTERFACES; CONTINUUM; MODELS AB Deposition of multilayers on saw-tooth substrates is a key step in the fabrication of multilayer blazed gratings (MBG) for extreme ultraviolet and soft x-rays. Growth of the multilayers can be perturbed by shadowing effects caused by the highly corrugated surface of the substrates, which results in distortion of the multilayer stack structure and degradation of performance of MBGs. To minimize the shadowing effects, we used an ion-beam sputtering machine with a highly collimated atomic flux to deposit Mo/Si multilayers on saw-tooth substrates. The sputtering conditions were optimized by finding a balance between smoothening and roughening processes in order to minimize degradation of the groove profile in the course of deposition and at the same time to keep the interfaces of a multilayer stack smooth enough for high efficiency. An optimal value of energy of 200 eV for sputtering Kr+ ions was found by deposition of test multilayers on flat substrates at a range of ion energies. Two saw-tooth substrates were deposited at energies of 200 eV and 700 eV for the sputtering ions. It was found that reduction of the ion energy improved the blazing performance of the MBG and resulted in a 40% gain in the diffraction efficiency due to better replication of the groove profile by the multilayer. As a result of the optimization performed, an absolute diffraction efficiency of 28.8% was achieved for the 2nd blaze order of the MBG with a groove density of 7350 lines/mm at a wavelength of 13.5 nm. Details of the growth behavior of the multilayers on flat and saw-tooth substrates are discussed in terms of the linear continuous model of film growth. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4710985] C1 [Voronov, D. L.; Cambie, R.; Dhuey, S.; Gullikson, E. M.; Warwick, T.; Yashchuk, V. V.; Padmore, H. A.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Gawlitza, P.; Braun, S.] Fraunhofer Inst Mat & Beam Technol, D-01277 Dresden, Germany. RP Voronov, DL (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM dlvoronov@lbl.gov FU Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Material Science Division, of the U.S. Department of Energy at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; United States Government FX The Advanced Light Source is supported by the Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Material Science Division, of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231 at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory.; This document was prepared as an account of work sponsored by the United States Government. While this document is believed to contain correct information, neither the United States Government or any agency thereof, or The Regents of the University of California, or any of their employees did not make any warranty, express or implied, or assumes any legal responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by its trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States Government or any agency thereof, or The Regents of the University of California. The views and opinions of authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the United States Government or any agency thereof, or The Regents of the University of California. NR 20 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 20 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD MAY 1 PY 2012 VL 111 IS 9 AR 093521 DI 10.1063/1.4710985 PG 9 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 943GY UT WOS:000304109900038 ER PT J AU Zhang, XJ Kronawitter, CX Berdahl, P Mao, SS AF Zhang, Xiaojun Kronawitter, Coleman X. Berdahl, Paul Mao, Samuel S. TI Growth of highly oriented YSZ and CeO2 films with Tasker-forbidden surfaces in oxygen-deficient environments SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID ITO THIN-FILMS; PREFERRED ORIENTATION; LASER DEPOSITION; STRAIN-ENERGY; TEMPERATURE; DEPENDENCE; CEO2(001); CRYSTALS; LAYERS; CERIA AB Yttria-stabilized zirconia and cerium dioxide thin films are deposited in oxygen-deficient environments and compared to those deposited in oxygen-rich environments. Oxygen-deficient films are highly (001)-oriented, which corresponds to a surface that should be forbidden based on Tasker's theoretical calculation. Oxygen-vacancy-induced surface reconstruction and relaxation are proposed to explain the phenomenon. The analysis is consistent with preferred orientations previously observed in indium tin oxide, SnO2, and NiO films. Detailed studies of preferred orientations of these oxygen-deficient metal oxide films are of importance for their use in solid oxide fuel cells, gas sensors, and optical devices, etc. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4710953] C1 [Zhang, Xiaojun; Kronawitter, Coleman X.; Berdahl, Paul; Mao, Samuel S.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Zhang, Xiaojun; Kronawitter, Coleman X.; Mao, Samuel S.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mech Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Mao, SS (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM ssmao@lbl.gov RI Zhang, Xiaojun/H-8539-2013 FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX This research has been supported by U.S. Department of Energy under contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. NR 22 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 20 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 EI 1089-7550 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD MAY 1 PY 2012 VL 111 IS 9 AR 093530 DI 10.1063/1.4710953 PG 4 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 943GY UT WOS:000304109900047 ER PT J AU Zukauskaite, A Wingqvist, G Palisaitis, J Jensen, J Persson, POA Matloub, R Muralt, P Kim, Y Birch, J Hultman, L AF Zukauskaite, Agne Wingqvist, Gunilla Palisaitis, Justinas Jensen, Jens Persson, Per O. A. Matloub, Ramin Muralt, Paul Kim, Yunseok Birch, Jens Hultman, Lars TI Microstructure and dielectric properties of piezoelectric magnetron sputtered w-ScxAl1-xN thin films SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article AB Piezoelectric wurtzite ScxAl1-xN (x = 0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3) thin films were epitaxially grown by reactive magnetron co-sputtering from elemental Sc and Al targets. Al2O3(0001) wafers with TiN(111) seed and electrode layers were used as substrates. X-ray diffraction shows that an increase in the Sc content results in the degradation of the crystalline quality. Samples grown at 400 degrees C possess true dielectric behavior with quite low dielectric losses and the leakage current is negligible. For ScAlN samples grown at 800 degrees C, the crystal structure is poor and leakage current is high. Transmission electron microscopy with energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy mapping shows a mass separation into ScN-rich and AlN-rich domains for x >= 0.2 when substrate temperature is increased from 400 to 800 degrees C. The piezoelectric response of epitaxial ScxAl1-xN films measured by piezoresponse force microscopy and double beam interferometry shows up to 180% increase by the addition of Sc up to x = 0.2 independent of substrate temperature, in good agreement with previous theoretical predictions based on density-functional theory. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4714220] C1 [Zukauskaite, Agne; Wingqvist, Gunilla; Palisaitis, Justinas; Jensen, Jens; Persson, Per O. A.; Birch, Jens; Hultman, Lars] Linkoping Univ, Thin Film Phys Div, Dept Phys Chem & Biol IFM, SE-58183 Linkoping, Sweden. [Matloub, Ramin; Muralt, Paul] Ecole Polytech Fed Lausanne, Ceram Lab, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland. [Kim, Yunseok] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Nanophase Mat Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Zukauskaite, A (reprint author), Linkoping Univ, Thin Film Phys Div, Dept Phys Chem & Biol IFM, SE-58183 Linkoping, Sweden. RI Muralt, Paul/C-5351-2008; Persson, Per/H-2461-2011; Palisaitis, Justinas/B-8066-2015; Birch, Jens/M-4794-2016; Zukauskaite, Agne/K-1123-2014 OI Muralt, Paul/0000-0001-6004-1208; Persson, Per/0000-0001-9140-6724; Palisaitis, Justinas/0000-0003-3203-7935; Birch, Jens/0000-0002-8469-5983; Zukauskaite, Agne/0000-0002-8125-3805 FU Swedish Research Council; European Research Council; Swedish Foundation for Strategic Research FX We acknowledge the Swedish Research Council and European Research Council as well as Swedish Foundation for Strategic Research for support of this study. NR 26 TC 28 Z9 29 U1 3 U2 55 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD MAY 1 PY 2012 VL 111 IS 9 AR 093527 DI 10.1063/1.4714220 PG 7 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 943GY UT WOS:000304109900044 ER PT J AU Li, ZZ Zhang, Y Giangrande, SE AF Li, Zhengzheng Zhang, Yan Giangrande, Scott E. TI Rainfall-Rate Estimation Using Gaussian Mixture Parameter Estimator: Training and Validation SO JOURNAL OF ATMOSPHERIC AND OCEANIC TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID RAINDROP SIZE DISTRIBUTION; POLARIMETRIC RADAR; POLARIZATION RADAR; BAYESIAN-APPROACH; OKLAHOMA MESONET; NEURAL-NETWORK; RETRIEVAL; PRECIPITATION; CLASSIFICATION; DISTRIBUTIONS AB This study develops a Gaussian mixture rainfall-rate estimator (GMRE) for polarimetric radar-based rainfall-rate estimation, following a general framework based on the Gaussian mixture model and Bayes least squares estimation for weather radar-based parameter estimations. The advantages of GMRE are 1) it is a minimum variance unbiased estimator; 2) it is a general estimator applicable to different rain regimes in different regions; and 3) it is flexible and may incorporate/exclude different polarimetric radar variables as inputs. This paper also discusses training the GMRE and the sensitivity of performance to mixture number. A large radar and surface gauge observation dataset collected in central Oklahoma during the multiyear Joint Polarization Experiment (JPOLE) field campaign is used to evaluate the GMRE approach. Results indicate that the GMRE approach can outperform existing polarimetric rainfall techniques optimized for this JPOLE dataset in terms of bias and root-mean-square error. C1 [Li, Zhengzheng; Zhang, Yan] Univ Oklahoma, Sch Elect & Comp Engn, Norman, OK 73019 USA. [Li, Zhengzheng; Zhang, Yan] Univ Oklahoma, Atmospher Radar Res Ctr, Norman, OK 73019 USA. [Giangrande, Scott E.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Zhang, Y (reprint author), Univ Oklahoma, Sch Elect & Comp Engn, 110 W Boyd St,Devon Energy Hall 150, Norman, OK 73019 USA. EM rockee@ou.edu RI Giangrande, Scott/I-4089-2016 OI Giangrande, Scott/0000-0002-8119-8199 FU NOAA/NSSL FX The authors greatly appreciate the support from NOAA/NSSL to make this work possible, and the comments/suggestions of Dr. Alexander Ryzhkov from CIMMS/ARRC. NR 31 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0739-0572 J9 J ATMOS OCEAN TECH JI J. Atmos. Ocean. Technol. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 29 IS 5 BP 731 EP 744 DI 10.1175/JTECH-D-11-00122.1 PG 14 WC Engineering, Ocean; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Engineering; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 947MY UT WOS:000304435300008 ER PT J AU Song, K Comolli, LR Horowitz, M AF Song, Kahye Comolli, Luis R. Horowitz, Mark TI Removing high contrast artifacts via digital inpainting in cryo-electron tomography: An application of compressed sensing SO JOURNAL OF STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Cryo-electron microscopy; Cryo-electron tomography; Digital inpainting; Compressed sensing; Polynomial interpolation; Random noise inpainting; Fiducial markers; Gold/metal labels ID ELECTRON CRYOTOMOGRAPHY; REDUCTION; CT; DECOMPOSITION; INFORMATION; RECOVERY; IMAGES; LABEL AB To cope with poor quality in cryo-electron tomography images, electron-dense markers, such as colloidal goldbeads, are often used to assist image registration and analysis algorithms. However, these markers can create artifacts that occlude a specimen due to their high contrast, which can also cause failure of some image processing algorithms. One way of reducing these artifacts is to replace high contrast objects with pixel densities that blend into the surroundings in the projection domain before volume reconstruction. In this paper, we propose digital inpainting via compressed sensing (CS) as a new method to achieve this goal. We show that cryo-ET projections are sparse in the discrete cosine transform (DCT) domain, and, by finding the sparsest DCT domain decompositions given uncorrupted pixels, we can fill in the missing pixel values that are occluded by high contrast objects without discontinuities. Our method reduces visual artifacts both in projections and in tomograms better than conventional algorithms, such as polynomial interpolation and random noise inpainting. (C) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Song, Kahye; Horowitz, Mark] Stanford Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Comolli, Luis R.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Labs, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA USA. RP Horowitz, M (reprint author), Gates Comp Sci Bldg,Room 306,353 Serra Mall, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. EM kahye@stanford.edu; horowitz@stanford.edu FU Office of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research, of the US Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX Authors thank Seong-Ho Shin from the Molecular Foundry, LBNL, for letting us use his B. sphaericus S-layer samples for this work. We especially thank Cristina E. Siegerist for help hand-picking and cropping sub-volumes of B. sphaericus S-layer reconstructions for subtomographic averaging and computer time. Kahye Song thanks Fernando Amat for his discussions on compressive sensing and S-layer averaging. This work was supported by the Director, Office of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research, of the US Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. NR 36 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 9 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1047-8477 J9 J STRUCT BIOL JI J. Struct. Biol. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 178 IS 2 SI SI BP 108 EP 120 DI 10.1016/j.jsb.2012.01.003 PG 13 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology GA 945PB UT WOS:000304287400006 PM 22248454 ER PT J AU Agakishiev, G Balanda, A Belver, D Belyaev, A Berger-Chen, JC Blanco, A Bohmer, M Boyard, JL Cabanelas, P Castro, E Chernenko, S Christ, T Destefanis, M Dohrmann, F Dybczak, A Epple, E Fabbietti, L Fateev, O Finocchiaro, P Fonte, P Friese, J Frohlich, I Galatyuk, T Garzon, JA Gernhauser, R Gilardi, C Golubeva, M Gonzalez-Diaz, D Guber, F Gumberidze, M Heinz, T Hennino, T Holzmann, R Ierusalimov, A Iori, I Ivashkin, A Jurkovic, M Kampfer, B Kanaki, K Karavicheva, T Koenig, I Koenig, W Kolb, BW Kotte, R Krasa, A Krizek, F Krucken, R Kuc, H Kuhn, W Kugler, A Kurepin, A Lalik, R Lang, S Lange, JS Lapidus, K Liu, T Lopes, L Lorenz, M Maier, L Mangiarotti, A Markert, J Metag, V Michalska, B Michel, J Moriniere, E Mousa, J Muntz, C Munzer, R Naumann, L Otwinowski, J Pachmayer, YC Palka, M Parpottas, Y Pechenov, V Pechenova, O Pietraszko, J Przygoda, W Ramstein, B Reshetin, A Rustamov, A Sadovsky, A Salabura, P Schmah, A Schwab, E Siebenson, J Sobolev, YG Spataro, S Spruck, B Strobele, H Stroth, J Sturm, C Tarantola, A Teilab, K Tlusty, P Traxler, M Trebacz, R Tsertos, H Wagner, V Weber, M Wendisch, C Wustenfeld, J Yurevich, S Zanevsky, Y AF Agakishiev, G. Balanda, A. Belver, D. Belyaev, A. Berger-Chen, J. C. Blanco, A. Boehmer, M. Boyard, J. L. Cabanelas, P. Castro, E. Chernenko, S. Christ, T. Destefanis, M. Dohrmann, F. Dybczak, A. Epple, E. Fabbietti, L. Fateev, O. Finocchiaro, P. Fonte, P. Friese, J. Froehlich, I. Galatyuk, T. Garzon, J. A. Gernhaeuser, R. Gilardi, C. Golubeva, M. Gonzalez-Diaz, D. Guber, F. Gumberidze, M. Heinz, T. Hennino, T. Holzmann, R. Ierusalimov, A. Iori, I. Ivashkin, A. Jurkovic, M. Kaempfer, B. Kanaki, K. Karavicheva, T. Koenig, I. Koenig, W. Kolb, B. W. Kotte, R. Krasa, A. Krizek, F. Kruecken, R. Kuc, H. Kuehn, W. Kugler, A. Kurepin, A. Lalik, R. Lang, S. Lange, J. S. Lapidus, K. Liu, T. Lopes, L. Lorenz, M. Maier, L. Mangiarotti, A. Markert, J. Metag, V. Michalska, B. Michel, J. Moriniere, E. Mousa, J. Muentz, C. Muenzer, R. Naumann, L. Otwinowski, J. Pachmayer, Y. C. Palka, M. Parpottas, Y. Pechenov, V. Pechenova, O. Pietraszko, J. Przygoda, W. Ramstein, B. Reshetin, A. Rustamov, A. Sadovsky, A. Salabura, P. Schmah, A. Schwab, E. Siebenson, J. Sobolev, Yu. G. Spataro, S. Spruck, B. Stroebele, H. Stroth, J. Sturm, C. Tarantola, A. Teilab, K. Tlusty, P. Traxler, M. Trebacz, R. Tsertos, H. Wagner, V. Weber, M. Wendisch, C. Wuestenfeld, J. Yurevich, S. Zanevsky, Y. TI Production of Sigma(+/-)pi(-/+)pK(+) in p plus p reactions at 3.5 GeV beam energy SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT ECT Workshop on Strange Hadronic Matter CY SEP 26-30, 2011 CL Trento, ITALY SP Helmholtz Int Ctr FAIR, Japan Soc Promot Sci (JSPS), Integrating Activ Seventh Framework Program EU (Hadron Phys 2) DE Lambda(1405); p plus p collisions ID LAMBDA(1405); SCATTERING AB We study the production of Sigma(+/-)pi(-/+)-pK(+) particle quartets in p + p reactions at 3.5 GeV kinetic beam energy. The data were taken with the HADES experiment at GSI. This report evaluates the contribution of resonances like Lambda(1405), Sigma(1385)(0), Lambda(1520), Delta(1232), N* and K*(0) to the Sigma(+/-)pi(-/+)pK(+) final state. The resulting simulation model is compared to the experimental data in several angular distributions and it shows itself as suitable to evaluate the acceptance corrections properly. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Berger-Chen, J. C.; Epple, E.; Fabbietti, L.; Lalik, R.; Lapidus, K.; Muenzer, R.; Siebenson, J.] Excellence Cluster Origin & Struct Universe, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Finocchiaro, P.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Sud, I-95125 Catania, Italy. [Blanco, A.; Fonte, P.; Lopes, L.; Mangiarotti, A.] LIP Lab Instrumentacao & Fis Expt Particulas, P-3004516 Coimbra, Portugal. [Balanda, A.; Dybczak, A.; Kuc, H.; Michalska, B.; Otwinowski, J.; Palka, M.; Przygoda, W.; Salabura, P.; Trebacz, R.] Jagiellonian Univ Cracow, Smoluchowski Inst Phys, PL-30059 Krakow, Poland. [Heinz, T.; Holzmann, R.; Koenig, I.; Koenig, W.; Kolb, B. W.; Lang, S.; Pechenov, V.; Schwab, E.; Stroth, J.; Sturm, C.; Traxler, M.; Yurevich, S.] GSI Helmholtzzentrum Schwerionenforschung GmbH, D-64291 Darmstadt, Germany. [Dohrmann, F.; Kaempfer, B.; Kanaki, K.; Kotte, R.; Naumann, L.; Wendisch, C.; Wuestenfeld, J.] Helmholtz Zentrum Dresden Rossendorf, Inst Strahlenphys, D-01314 Dresden, Germany. [Agakishiev, G.; Belyaev, A.; Chernenko, S.; Fateev, O.; Ierusalimov, A.; Zanevsky, Y.] Joint Inst Nucl Res, Dubna 141980, Russia. [Froehlich, I.; Galatyuk, T.; Lorenz, M.; Markert, J.; Michel, J.; Muentz, C.; Pachmayer, Y. C.; Pechenova, O.; Pietraszko, J.; Rustamov, A.; Stroebele, H.; Stroth, J.; Tarantola, A.; Teilab, K.] Goethe Univ Frankfurt, Inst Kernphys, D-60438 Frankfurt, Germany. [Boehmer, M.; Christ, T.; Friese, J.; Gernhaeuser, R.; Jurkovic, M.; Kruecken, R.; Maier, L.; Weber, M.] Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept E12, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Destefanis, M.; Gilardi, C.; Kuehn, W.; Lange, J. S.; Metag, V.; Spruck, B.] Univ Giessen, Inst Phys 2, D-35392 Giessen, Germany. [Iori, I.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Milano, I-20133 Milan, Italy. [Golubeva, M.; Guber, F.; Ivashkin, A.; Karavicheva, T.; Kurepin, A.; Reshetin, A.; Sadovsky, A.] Russian Acad Sci, Inst Nucl Res, Moscow 117312, Russia. [Parpottas, Y.] Frederick Univ, CY-1036 Nicosia, Cyprus. [Mousa, J.; Parpottas, Y.; Tsertos, H.] Univ Cyprus, Dept Phys, CY-1678 Nicosia, Cyprus. [Boyard, J. L.; Gumberidze, M.; Hennino, T.; Kuc, H.; Liu, T.; Moriniere, E.; Ramstein, B.] Univ Paris 11, Inst Phys Nucl UMR 8608, CNRS IN2P3, F-91406 Orsay, France. [Krasa, A.; Krizek, F.; Kugler, A.; Sobolev, Yu. G.; Tlusty, P.; Wagner, V.] Acad Sci Czech Republic, Inst Nucl Phys, CZ-25068 Rez, Czech Republic. [Belver, D.; Cabanelas, P.; Castro, E.; Garzon, J. A.] Univ Santiago de Compostela, LabCAF, Dpto Fis Particulas, Santiago De Compostela 15706, Spain. [Schmah, A.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Fonte, P.] ISEC Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal. [Galatyuk, T.] ExtreMe Matter Inst EMMI, D-64291 Darmstadt, Germany. [Gonzalez-Diaz, D.] Tech Univ Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany. [Kaempfer, B.] Tech Univ Dresden, D-01062 Dresden, Germany. [Iori, I.] Univ Milan, Dipartimento Fis, I-20133 Milan, Italy. [Spataro, S.] Univ Turin, Dipartimento Fis Gen, I-10125 Turin, Italy. [Spataro, S.] Univ Turin, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-10125 Turin, Italy. RP Fabbietti, L (reprint author), Excellence Cluster Origin & Struct Universe, D-85748 Garching, Germany. EM laura.fabbietti@ph.tum.de; johannes.siebenson@ph.tum.de RI Guber, Fedor/I-4271-2013; Golubeva, Marina/C-6154-2014; Wagner, Vladimir/G-5650-2014; Krizek, Filip/G-8967-2014; Gonzalez Diaz, Diego/K-7265-2014; Fonte, Paulo/B-1842-2008; Blanco, Alberto/L-2520-2014; Cabanelas, Pablo/B-2034-2016; Kurepin, Alexey/H-4852-2013; Mangiarotti, Alessio/I-1072-2012; Finocchiaro, Paolo/G-5625-2010; Ivashkin, Alexander/B-9725-2014; Kruecken, Reiner/A-1640-2013 OI Guber, Fedor/0000-0001-8790-3218; Gonzalez Diaz, Diego/0000-0002-6809-5996; Fonte, Paulo/0000-0002-2275-9099; Cabanelas, Pablo/0000-0002-5416-4647; Kurepin, Alexey/0000-0002-1851-4136; Mangiarotti, Alessio/0000-0001-7837-6057; Ivashkin, Alexander/0000-0003-4595-5866; Kruecken, Reiner/0000-0002-2755-8042 NR 16 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 EI 1873-1554 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD MAY 1 PY 2012 VL 881 SI SI BP 178 EP 186 DI 10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2012.02.009 PG 9 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 944YC UT WOS:000304238700017 ER PT J AU Millener, DJ AF Millener, D. J. TI Shell-model calculations for p-shell hypernuclei SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT ECT Workshop on Strange Hadronic Matter CY SEP 26-30, 2011 CL Trento, ITALY SP Helmholtz Int Ctr FAIR, Japan Soc Promot Sci (JSPS), Integrating Activ Seventh Framework Program EU (Hadron Phys 2) DE Hypernuclei; Shell-model ID GAMMA-RAY SPECTROSCOPY; LAMBDA-HYPERNUCLEI; LIGHT HYPERNUCLEI; DECAY PROCESS; FUTURE-PLANS; J-PARC; TRANSITIONS; NUCLEI; SPIN AB The interpretation of hypernuclear gamma-ray data for p-shell hypernuclei in terms of shell-model calculations that include the coupling of Lambda- and Sigma-hypernuclear states is briefly reviewed. Next, Li-8(Lambda)/Be-8(Lambda) and Li-9(Lambda) are considered, both to exhibit features of Lambda-Sigma coupling and as possible source of observed, but unassigned, hypernuclear gamma-rays. Then, the feasibility of measuring the ground-state doublet spacing of Be-10(Lambda), which, like Li-9(Lambda), could be studied via the (K-, pi(0)gamma) reaction, is investigated. Structural information relevant to the population of states in these hypernuclei in recent (e, e'K+) studies is also given. Finally, the extension of the shell-model calculations to sd-shell hypernuclei is briefly considered. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Millener, DJ (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM millener@bnl.gov NR 44 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 EI 1873-1554 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD MAY 1 PY 2012 VL 881 SI SI BP 298 EP 309 DI 10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2012.01.019 PG 12 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 944YC UT WOS:000304238700026 ER PT J AU Induri, BR Ellis, DR Slavov, GT Yin, TM Zhang, XY Muchero, W Tuskan, GA DiFazio, SP AF Induri, Brahma Reddy Ellis, Danielle R. Slavov, Gancho T. Yin, Tongming Zhang, Xinye Muchero, Wellington Tuskan, Gerald A. DiFazio, Stephen P. TI Identification of quantitative trait loci and candidate genes for cadmium tolerance in Populus SO TREE PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE cadmium; metal transporter; microarray; phytoremediation; Populus; quantitative trait loci ID BETA-PROPELLER FOLD; NICOTIANA-TABACUM-L; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; ABC-TRANSPORTER; HYBRID POPLAR; CONTRASTING SITES; PEA-PLANTS; WATER-USE; GLUTATHIONE; GROWTH AB Understanding genetic variation for the response of Populus to heavy metals like cadmium (Cd) is an important step in elucidating the underlying mechanisms of tolerance. In this study, a pseudo-backcross pedigree of Populus trichocarpa Torr. & Gray and Populus deltoides Bart. was characterized for growth and performance traits after Cd exposure. A total of 16 quantitative trait loci (QTL) at logarithm of odds (LOD) ratio >= 2.5 were detected for total dry weight, its components and root volume. Major QTL for Cd responses were mapped to two different linkage groups and the relative allelic effects were in opposing directions on the two chromosomes, suggesting differential mechanisms at these two loci. The phenotypic variance explained by Cd QTL ranged from 5.9 to 11.6% and averaged 8.2% across all QTL. A whole-genome microarray study led to the identification of nine Cd-responsive genes from these QTL. Promising candidates for Cd tolerance include an NHL repeat membrane-spanning protein, a metal transporter and a putative transcription factor. Additional candidates in the QTL intervals include a putative homolog of a glutamate cysteine ligase, and a glutathione-S-transferase. Functional characterization of these candidate genes should enhance our understanding of Cd metabolism and transport and phytoremediation capabilities of Populus. C1 [Induri, Brahma Reddy; Ellis, Danielle R.; Slavov, Gancho T.; DiFazio, Stephen P.] W Virginia Univ, Dept Biol, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. [Slavov, Gancho T.] Aberystwyth Univ, Inst Biol Environm & Rural Sci, Aberystwyth SY23 3EB, Dyfed, Wales. [Yin, Tongming] Nanjing Forestry Univ, Key Lab Forest Genet & Gene Engn, Nanjing 210037, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Zhang, Xinye] Hubei Forestry Acad, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China. [Muchero, Wellington; Tuskan, Gerald A.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP DiFazio, SP (reprint author), W Virginia Univ, Dept Biol, 53 Campus Dr, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. EM spdifazio@mail.wvu.edu RI Tuskan, Gerald/A-6225-2011; OI Tuskan, Gerald/0000-0003-0106-1289; muchero, wellington/0000-0002-0200-9856 FU Department of Energy Bioenergy Science Center [DE-AC05-00OR22725]; Eberly College of Arts and Sciences at West Virginia University; WVU Research Corporation FX Portions of this work were supported by the Department of Energy Bioenergy Science Center under Contract Number DE-AC05-00OR22725, and support from the Eberly College of Arts and Sciences at West Virginia University and the WVU Research Corporation. This was a key project for Jiangsu Universities (10KJA180018). NR 76 TC 14 Z9 17 U1 2 U2 29 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0829-318X J9 TREE PHYSIOL JI Tree Physiol. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 32 IS 5 BP 626 EP 638 DI 10.1093/treephys/tps032 PG 13 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 948YA UT WOS:000304538700011 PM 22522179 ER PT J AU Wasserman, SR Koss, JW Sojitra, ST Morisco, LL Burley, SK AF Wasserman, Stephen R. Koss, John W. Sojitra, Sonal T. Morisco, Laura L. Burley, Stephen K. TI Rapid-access, high-throughput synchrotron crystallography for drug discovery SO TRENDS IN PHARMACOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Review ID PROTEIN MICRO-CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY; MEMBRANE-PROTEINS; RADIATION; BEAM; DIFFRACTION; CRYSTALS; ACTIVATION; DETECTOR; PIXEL AB Synchrotron X-ray sources provide the highest quality crystallographic data for structure-guided drug design. In general, industrial utilization of such sources has been intermittent and occasionally limited. The Lilly Research Laboratories Collaborative Access Team (LRL-CAT) beamline provides a unique alternative to traditional synchrotron use by pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies. Crystallographic experiments at LRL-CAT and the results therefrom are integrated directly into the drug discovery process, permitting structural data, including screening of fragment libraries, to be routinely and rapidly used on a daily basis as part of pharmaceutical lead discovery and optimization. Here we describe how LRL-CAT acquires and disseminates the results from protein crystallography to maximize their impact on the development of new potential medicines. C1 [Wasserman, Stephen R.; Koss, John W.; Sojitra, Sonal T.; Morisco, Laura L.] Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, LRL CAT, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Burley, Stephen K.] Lilly Biotechnol Ctr, San Diego, CA 92121 USA. RP Wasserman, SR (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, LRL CAT, 9700 S Cass Ave,Bldg 438, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM swasserman@lilly.com FU US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX We thank the members of the Lilly structural biology and chemistry design teams for their constructive feedback on LRL-CAT operations. Use of the Advanced Photon Source is supported by the US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. NR 40 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 16 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE LONDON PI LONDON PA 84 THEOBALDS RD, LONDON WC1X 8RR, ENGLAND SN 0165-6147 J9 TRENDS PHARMACOL SCI JI Trends Pharmacol. Sci. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 33 IS 5 BP 261 EP 267 DI 10.1016/j.tips.2012.03.009 PG 7 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 944VO UT WOS:000304232100006 PM 22521107 ER PT J AU Harton, SE Pingali, SV Nunnery, GA Baker, DA Walker, SH Muddiman, DC Koga, T Rials, TG Urban, VS Langan, P AF Harton, Shane E. Pingali, Sai Venkatesh Nunnery, Grady A. Baker, Darren A. Walker, S. Hunter Muddiman, David C. Koga, Tadanori Rials, Timothy G. Urban, Volker S. Langan, Paul TI Evidence for Complex Molecular Architectures for Solvent-Extracted Lignins SO ACS MACRO LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SIZE-EXCLUSION CHROMATOGRAPHY; ANGLE NEUTRON-SCATTERING; HYPERBRANCHED POLYESTER; TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENCE; LIGHT-SCATTERING; LINEAR-CHAINS; POLYSTYRENE; WEIGHT; DERIVATIVES; DIMENSIONS AB Lignin, an abundant, naturally occurring biopolymer, is often considered "waste" and used as a simple fuel source in the paper-making process. However, lignin has emerged as a promising renewable resource for engineering materials, such as carbon fibers. Unfortunately, the molecular architecture of lignin (in vivo and extracted) is still elusive, with numerous conflicting reports in the literature, and knowledge of this structure is extremely important, not only for materials technologies, but also for production of biofuels such as cellulosic ethanol due to biomass recalcitrance. As such, the molecular structures of solvent-extracted (sulfur-free) lignins, which have been modified using various acyl chlorides, have been probed using small angle X-ray (SAXS) and neutron (SANS) scattering in tetrahydrofuran (THF) solution along with hydrodynamic characterization using dilute solution viscometry and gel permeation chromatography (GPC) in THF. Mass spectrometry shows an absolute molecular weight approximate to 18-30 kDa (approximate to 80-140 monomers), while GPC shows a relative molecular weight similar to 3 kDa. A linear styrene oligomer (2.5 kDa) was also analyzed in THF using SANS. Results clearly show that lignin molecular architectures are somewhat rigid and complex, ranging from nanogels to hyperbranched macromolecules, not linear oligomers or physical assemblies of oligomers, which is consistent with previously proposed delignification (extraction) mechanisms. Future characterization using the methods discussed here can be used to guide extraction processes as well as genetic engineering technologies to convert lignin into value added materials with the potential for high positive impact on global sustainability. C1 [Harton, Shane E.; Nunnery, Grady A.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Pingali, Sai Venkatesh; Urban, Volker S.; Langan, Paul] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Biol & Soft Matter Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Baker, Darren A.; Rials, Timothy G.] Univ Tennessee, Ctr Renewable Carbon, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Walker, S. Hunter; Muddiman, David C.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Chem, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Koga, Tadanori] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Chem & Mol Engn Program, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. RP Harton, SE (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM hartonse@ornl.gov; pingalis@ornl.gov RI Koga, Tadanori/A-4007-2010; Langan, Paul/N-5237-2015; Urban, Volker/N-5361-2015; OI Langan, Paul/0000-0002-0247-3122; Urban, Volker/0000-0002-7962-3408; Pingali, Sai Venkatesh/0000-0001-7961-4176 FU Department of Energy, Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy; Department of Energy, Office of Biological and Environmental Resources [ERKP752]; Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences FX The authors gratefully acknowledge discussions with Prof. Wolfgang Glasser (Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University) and Dr. Frederick Baker (Big Island Carbon, Hawaii, U.S.A.). S.E.H. and G.A.N. acknowledge funding from the Department of Energy, Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy. S.V.P., V.S.U., and P.L. were partly supported by a grant (ERKP752) from the Department of Energy, Office of Biological and Environmental Resources. Bio-SANS is operated as a user facility at Oak Ridge National Laboratory for the Department of Energy, Office of Biological and Environmental Resources. SAXS was performed at beamline X10A at the National Synchrotron Light Source, which is supported by the Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences. The authors also wish to thank Steve Bennett (NSLS). NR 51 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 6 U2 71 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 2161-1653 J9 ACS MACRO LETT JI ACS Macro Lett. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 1 IS 5 BP 568 EP 573 DI 10.1021/mz300045e PG 6 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 941LO UT WOS:000303964900010 ER PT J AU Barabash, RI Liu, W Tischler, JZ Bei, H Budai, JD AF Barabash, R. I. Liu, W. Tischler, J. Z. Bei, H. Budai, J. D. TI Phase-specific elastic/plastic interface interactions in layered NiAl-Cr(Mo) structures SO ACTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article DE Micromechanics; Deformation; Composites; X-ray synchrotron radiation; Micro-/nanoindentation ID MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; NIAL-CR; DEFORMATION STRUCTURES; MISFIT DISLOCATIONS; ELASTIC STRAINS; EUTECTIC ALLOY; COMPOSITES; FRACTURE; MICROSTRUCTURES; PLASTICITY AB The depth-dependent, as-grown and deformation-induced strain and dislocations partitioned through the interfaces in a two-phase layered NiAl-Cr(Mo) structure are directly measured at the mesoscale using 3-D X-ray microdiffraction. It is demonstrated that in the as-grown, undeformed state, neighboring submicron Cr solid solution and NiAl eutectic lamellae (doped with similar to 3% Mo) form a heterointerface with 180 degrees rotation around a < 1 1 2 > pole. It is shown that the mechanical response to the indentation of a layered composite with alternating Cr(Mo)-NiAl lamellae is distinct from the response of single-phase materials. In the center of the indent, after the load is released, the NiAl lamellae are under compressive forward stresses (with the same sign as the indentation-induced compression) while Cr solid solution lamellae are under tensile back stresses (with opposite sign from the indentation load). The depth-dependent alternation of compressive/tensile residual strains in the neighboring Cr solid solution and NiAl lamellae is understood in the framework of the Mughrabi's composite model considering two types of structure elements: harder and softer regions. Under indentation, both kinds of lamellae are assumed to deform compatibly. After the load is released, residual forward stresses are formed in the harder lamellae, and back stresses are formed in the mechanically softer lamellae. Line-broadening analysis of the intensity distribution along the diffraction vector reveals a 15-times increase in dislocation density in the near-surface zone in the center of the indent. Such a large increase is typical for severe deformation. (C) 2012 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Barabash, R. I.; Tischler, J. Z.; Bei, H.; Budai, J. D.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Liu, W.] Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Barabash, RI (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM barabashr@ornl.gov RI Bei, Hongbin/I-6576-2012; Budai, John/R-9276-2016; OI Budai, John/0000-0002-7444-1306; Bei, Hongbin/0000-0003-0283-7990 FU US Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Sciences and Engineering Division; US Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, the Scientific Users Facilities Division FX This research was supported by the US Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Sciences and Engineering Division. The use of the APS was supported by the US Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, the Scientific Users Facilities Division. NR 53 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 29 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6454 J9 ACTA MATER JI Acta Mater. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 60 IS 8 BP 3279 EP 3286 DI 10.1016/j.actamat.2012.02.052 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 942CR UT WOS:000304020300004 ER PT J AU Sheng, G Hu, JM Zhang, JX Li, YL Liu, ZK Chen, LQ AF Sheng, G. Hu, J. M. Zhang, J. X. Li, Y. L. Liu, Z. K. Chen, L. Q. TI Phase-field simulations of thickness-dependent domain stability in PbTiO3 thin films SO ACTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article DE Phase-field models; Ferroelectricity; Thin films; Simulation ID MISFIT DISLOCATIONS; STRAIN RELAXATION; PEROVSKITE FILMS; FERROELECTRICITY; HETEROSTRUCTURES; EPITAXY; LAYER AB The phase-field approach is used to predict the effect of thickness on domain stability in ferroelectric thin films. The mechanism of strain relaxation and the critical thickness for dislocation formation from both the Matthews-Blakeslee and People-Bean models are employed. Thickness strain domain stability diagrams are obtained for PbTiO3 thin films for different strain relaxation models. The relative domain fractions as a function of film thickness are also calculated and compared with experimental measurements in PbTiO3 thin films grown on SrTiO3 and KTaO3 substrates. (C) 2012 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Sheng, G.; Liu, Z. K.; Chen, L. Q.] Penn State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Hu, J. M.] Tsinghua Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. [Zhang, J. X.] GE Aviat, Cincinnati, OH 45246 USA. [Li, Y. L.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Sheng, G (reprint author), Sci Forming Technol Corp, Columbus, OH 43235 USA. EM shengguang1982@gmail.com RI Sheng, Guang/C-2043-2012; Chen, LongQing/I-7536-2012; Liu, Zi-Kui/A-8196-2009 OI Chen, LongQing/0000-0003-3359-3781; Liu, Zi-Kui/0000-0003-3346-3696 FU Department of Energy Basic Sciences [DOE DE-FG02-07ER46417]; National Science Foundation [OCI-0821527]; Materials Simulation Center; Graduate Education and Research Services at The Pennsylvania State University FX The authors are grateful for financial support from the Department of Energy Basic Sciences under Grant No. DOE DE-FG02-07ER46417. The computer simulations were carried out on the LION clusters at The Pennsylvania State University, in part supported by instrumentation (cyberstar Linux cluster) funded by the National Science Foundation through Grant OCI-0821527 and in part by the Materials Simulation Center and the Graduate Education and Research Services at The Pennsylvania State University. NR 40 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 52 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6454 J9 ACTA MATER JI Acta Mater. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 60 IS 8 BP 3296 EP 3301 DI 10.1016/j.actamat.2012.03.003 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 942CR UT WOS:000304020300006 ER PT J AU Jennings, AT Gross, C Greer, F Aitken, ZH Lee, SW Weinberger, CR Greer, JR AF Jennings, A. T. Gross, C. Greer, F. Aitken, Z. H. Lee, S. -W. Weinberger, C. R. Greer, J. R. TI Higher compressive strengths and the Bauschinger effect in conformally passivated copper nanopillars SO ACTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article DE Dislocation boundaries; Copper; Compression test; Nanostructure ID DISCRETE DISLOCATION ANALYSIS; MICRO-PILLAR PLASTICITY; SINGLE-CRYSTALS; NICKEL MICROCRYSTALS; DEFORMATION-BEHAVIOR; THIN-FILMS; SIZE; SIMULATIONS; SCALE; MICROPILLARS AB Our current understanding of size-dependent strength in nano- and microscale crystals is centered around the idea that the overall strength is determined by the stress required to propagate dislocation sources. The nature and type of these dislocation sources is the subject of extensive debate, however, one commonality amongst these theories is that the ability of the free surface to absorb dislocations is a necessary condition for transition to a source controlled regime. In this work we demonstrate that atomic layer deposition (ALD) of conformal 5-25 nm thick TiO2/Al2O3 coatings onto electroplated single crystalline copper pillars with diameters ranging from 75 nm to 1 mu m generally inhibits the ability of a dislocation to vanish at the free surface. Uniaxial compression tests reveal increased strength and hardening relative to uncoated pillars at equivalent diameters, as well as a notable recovery of plastic strain during unloading, i.e. the Bauschinger effect. Unlike previous reports, these coated pillars retained the stochastic signature in their stress strain curves. We explain these observations within the framework of a size-dependent strength theory based on a single arm source model, dislocation theory, and microstructural analysis by transmission electron microscopy. (C) 2012 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Jennings, A. T.; Aitken, Z. H.; Lee, S. -W.; Greer, J. R.] CALTECH, Div Engn & Appl Sci, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Gross, C.] Northwestern Univ, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. [Greer, F.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [Weinberger, C. R.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Greer, JR (reprint author), CALTECH, Div Engn & Appl Sci, 1200 E Calif Blvd, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. EM jrgreer@caltech.edu RI Lee, Seok-Woo/D-8205-2011; Weinberger, Christopher/E-2602-2011; OI Weinberger, Christopher/0000-0001-9550-6992; Lee, Seok-Woo/0000-0001-6752-5694 FU National Science Foundation [DMR-0748267]; KNI; Sandia Corp. under US Department of Energy [DE-AC04-94AL85000]; National Aeronautics and Space Administration FX A.T.J., Z.H.A., and J.R.G. gratefully acknowledge the financial support of the National Science Foundation through a NSF Graduate Research Fellowship to A.T.J. and JRG's a Career Grant (DMR-0748267) to J.R.G. The experiments were partly performed at the Kavli Nanoscience Institute (KNI). S.W.L. acknowledges the KNI for fellowship support. This research was supported in part by an appointment to the Sandia National Laboratories Truman Fellowship in National Security Science and Engineering, sponsored by Sandia Corp. (a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corp.) as Operator of Sandia National Laboratories under US Department of Energy Contract No. DE-AC04-94AL85000. Part of this research was carried out at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under a contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. NR 75 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 5 U2 69 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6454 J9 ACTA MATER JI Acta Mater. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 60 IS 8 BP 3444 EP 3455 DI 10.1016/j.actamat.2012.03.013 PG 12 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 942CR UT WOS:000304020300020 ER PT J AU Nelson, GJ Grew, KN Izzo, JR Lombardo, JJ Harris, WM Faes, A Hessler-Wyser, A Van Herle, J Wang, S Chu, YS Virkar, AV Chiu, WKS AF Nelson, George J. Grew, Kyle N. Izzo, John R., Jr. Lombardo, Jeffrey J. Harris, William M. Faes, Antonin Hessler-Wyser, Aicha Van Herle, Jan Wang, Steve Chu, Yong S. Virkar, Anil V. Chiu, Wilson K. S. TI Three-dimensional microstructural changes in the Ni-YSZ solid oxide fuel cell anode during operation SO ACTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article DE Solid oxide fuel cell; Ni-YSZ anode; Ni coarsening; Degradation; Dihedral angle ID SOFC ELECTRODES; GRAIN-GROWTH; DEGRADATION; QUANTIFICATION; RECONSTRUCTION; CONDUCTIVITY; MECHANISMS; ZIRCONIA; NI/YSZ AB Microstructural evolution in solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) cermet anodes has been investigated using X-ray nanotomography along with differential absorption imaging. SOFC anode supports composed of Ni and yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) were subjected to extended operation and selected regions were imaged using a transmission X-ray microscope. X-ray nanotomography provides unique insight into microstructure changes of all three phases (Ni, YSZ, pore) in three spatial dimensions, and its relation to performance degradation. Statistically significant 3D microstructural changes were observed in the anode Ni phase over a range of operational times, including phase size growth and changes in connectivity, interfacial contact area and contiguous triple-phase boundary length. These observations support microstructural evolution correlated to SOFC performance. We find that Ni coarsening is driven by particle curvature as indicated by the dihedral angles between the Ni, YSZ and pore phases, and hypothesize that growth occurs primarily by means of diffusion and particle agglomeration constrained by a pinning mechanism related to the YSZ phase. The decrease in Ni phase size after extended periods of time may be the result of a second process connected to a mobility-induced decrease in the YSZ phase size or non-uniform curvature resulting in a net decrease in Ni phase size. (C) 2012 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Nelson, George J.; Izzo, John R., Jr.; Lombardo, Jeffrey J.; Harris, William M.; Chiu, Wilson K. S.] Univ Connecticut, Dept Mech Engn, Storrs, CT USA. [Faes, Antonin; Hessler-Wyser, Aicha] Ecole Polytech Fed Lausanne, CIME, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland. [Faes, Antonin; Van Herle, Jan] Ecole Polytech Fed Lausanne, Ind Energy Syst Lab LENI, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland. [Wang, Steve] Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Chu, Yong S.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Virkar, Anil V.] Univ Utah, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. RP Chiu, WKS (reprint author), Univ Connecticut, Dept Mech Engn, Storrs, CT USA. EM wchiu@engr.uconn.edu RI Faes, Antonin/D-2122-2012; Grew, Kyle/K-3982-2013; OI Grew, Kyle/0000-0002-1645-3835; Hessler-Wyser, Aicha/0000-0003-1159-4193 FU Energy Frontier Research Center on Science Based Nano-Structure Design and Synthesis of Heterogeneous Functional Materials for Energy Systems (HeteroFoaM Center); US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-SC0001061, DE-AC02-06CH11357]; National Science Foundation [CBET-0828612]; U.S. Department of the Army; U.S. Army Materiel Command; Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC [DE-AC02-98CH10886] FX Financial support from an Energy Frontier Research Center on Science Based Nano-Structure Design and Synthesis of Heterogeneous Functional Materials for Energy Systems (HeteroFoaM Center) funded by the US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences (Award DE-SC0001061), and the National Science Foundation (Award CBET-0828612) are gratefully acknowledged. K.N.G. acknowledges mentor Dr. Deryn Chu and financial support from the U.S. Department of the Army and the U.S. Army Materiel Command with work performed through a contractual appointment to the U.S. Army Research Laboratory Postdoctoral Fellowship Program administered by the Oak Ridge Associated University. The authors would like to thank Dr. Roger Ristau for his assistance in preparation of X-ray nanotomography samples and Alex P. Cocco for assistance in data segmentation. Portions of this research were carried out at the Advanced Photon Source supported by the US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357, and by the Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886. NR 38 TC 38 Z9 38 U1 2 U2 76 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6454 J9 ACTA MATER JI Acta Mater. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 60 IS 8 BP 3491 EP 3500 DI 10.1016/j.actamat.2012.02.041 PG 10 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 942CR UT WOS:000304020300024 ER PT J AU Oddershede, J Camin, B Schmidt, S Mikkelsen, LP Sorensen, HO Lienert, U Poulsen, HF Reimers, W AF Oddershede, Jette Camin, Bettina Schmidt, Soren Mikkelsen, Lars P. Sorensen, Henning Osholm Lienert, Ulrich Poulsen, Henning Friis Reimers, Walter TI Measuring the stress field around an evolving crack in tensile deformed Mg AZ31 using three-dimensional X-ray diffraction SO ACTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article DE Crack propagation; Stress and strain; High energy X-ray diffraction; Plastic deformation; Finite element modelling ID FINITE-ELEMENT-ANALYSIS; IN-SITU; FATIGUE-CRACK; CONTRAST TOMOGRAPHY; COMPOSITES; TIP; MICROTOMOGRAPHY; POLYCRYSTALS; FRACTURE; GROWTH AB The stress field around a notch in a coarse grained Mg AZ31 sample has been measured under tensile load using the individual grains as probes in an in situ high energy synchrotron diffraction experiment. The experimental set-up, a variant of three-dimensional X-ray diffraction microscopy, allows the position, orientation and full stress tensor of each illuminated grain to be determined and, hence, enables the study of evolving stress fields in coarse grained materials with a spatial resolution equal to the grain size. Grain resolved information like this is vital for understanding what happens when the traditional continuum mechanics approach breaks down and fracture is governed by local heterogeneities (e.g. phase or stress differences) between grains. As a first approximation the results obtained were averaged through the thickness of the sample and compared with an elastic-plastic continuum finite element simulation. It was found that a full three-dimensional simulation was required to account for the measured transition from the overall plane stress case away from the notch to the essentially plane strain case observed near the notch tip. The measured and simulated stress contours were shown to be in good agreement except at the highest applied load, at which stress relaxation at the notch tip was observed in the experimental data. This stress relaxation is attributed to the initiation and propagation of a crack. Finally, it was demonstrated that the measured lattice rotations could be used as a qualitative measure of the shape and extent of the plastic deformation zone. (C) 2012 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Oddershede, Jette; Schmidt, Soren; Sorensen, Henning Osholm; Poulsen, Henning Friis] Riso Danmarks Tekniske Univ, Mat Res Div, Ctr Fundamental Res Met Struct 4D, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark. [Camin, Bettina; Reimers, Walter] Tech Univ Berlin, Sekr BHI8, Inst Werkstoffwissenshaften & Technol, DE-10587 Berlin, Germany. [Lienert, Ulrich] Danmarks Tekniske Univ Wind Energy, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark. [Lienert, Ulrich] Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Oddershede, J (reprint author), Danmarks Tekniske Univ Phys, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark. EM jeto@fysik.dtu.dk RI Mikkelsen, Lars/G-5203-2012; Sorensen, Henning/C-7479-2012; Oddershede, Jette/A-3816-2013; Poulsen, Henning/A-4131-2012; Schmidt, Soren/B-1483-2010 OI Mikkelsen, Lars/0000-0002-6323-4395; Sorensen, Henning/0000-0002-7004-547X; Oddershede, Jette/0000-0003-2319-7419; Schmidt, Soren/0000-0002-8694-2044 FU German Bundesministerium fur Bildung und Forschung; Danish Research Foundation; US Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX J.O. gratefully acknowledges funding from the German Bundesministerium fur Bildung und Forschung, while S.S., H.O.S. and H.F.P. acknowledge the Danish Research Foundation for supporting the Center for Fundamental Research: Metal Structures in Four Dimensions. Use of the Advanced Photon Source was supported by the US Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under contract no. DE-AC02-06CH11357. The Danish Research Council is acknowledged for covering expenses in relation to the synchrotron experiment (via Danscatt). Peter Kenesei, APS 1-ID, is thanked for providing the DIGIgrain 3-D peaksearch software and user support. Erik Mejdal Lauridsen, Riso Danmarks Tekniske Universitet, is thanked for assistance in reconstructing the tomographic data. NR 55 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 8 U2 58 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6454 J9 ACTA MATER JI Acta Mater. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 60 IS 8 BP 3570 EP 3580 DI 10.1016/j.actamat.2012.02.054 PG 11 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 942CR UT WOS:000304020300031 ER PT J AU Landau, SM Marks, SM Mormino, EC Rabinovici, GD Oh, H O'Neil, JP Wilson, RS Jagust, WJ AF Landau, Susan M. Marks, Shawn M. Mormino, Elizabeth C. Rabinovici, Gil D. Oh, Hwamee O'Neil, James P. Wilson, Robert S. Jagust, William J. TI Association of Lifetime Cognitive Engagement and Low beta-Amyloid Deposition SO ARCHIVES OF NEUROLOGY LA English DT Article ID PITTSBURGH COMPOUND-B; ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE; STIMULATING ACTIVITIES; HUMAN BRAIN; IMPAIRMENT; PARTICIPATION; SEGMENTATION; DYNAMICS; EXERCISE; HEALTH AB Objective: To assess the association between lifestyle practices (cognitive and physical activity) and beta-amyloid deposition, measured with positron emission tomography using carbon 11-labeled Pittsburgh Compound B ([C-11]PiB), in healthy older individuals. Design: Cross-sectional clinical study. Setting: Berkeley, California. Participants: Volunteer sample of 65 healthy older individuals (mean age, 76.1 years), 10 patients with Alzheimer disease (AD) (mean age, 74.8 years), and 11 young controls (mean age, 24.5 years) were studied from October 31, 2005, to February 22, 2011. Main Outcome Measures: Cortical [C-11]PiB average (frontal, parietal, lateral temporal, and cingulate regions) and retrospective, self-report scales assessing participation in cognitive activities (eg, reading, writing, and playing games) and physical exercise. Results: Greater participation in cognitively stimulating activities across the lifespan, but particularly in early and middle life, was associated with reduced [11C] PiB uptake (P < .001, accounting for age, sex, and years of education). Older participants in the highest cognitive activity tertile had [C-11]PiB uptake comparable to young controls, whereas those in the lowest cognitive activity tertile had [C-11]PiB uptake comparable to patients with AD. Although greater cognitive activity was associated with greater physical exercise, exercise was not associated with [C-11]PiB uptake. Conclusions: Individuals with greater early-and middle-life cognitive activity had lower [C-11]PiB uptake. The tendency to participate in cognitively stimulating activities is likely related to engagement in a variety of lifestyle practices that have been implicated in other studies showing reduced risk of AD-related pathology. We report a direct association between cognitive activity and [C-11]PiB uptake, suggesting that lifestyle factors found in individuals with high cognitive engagement may prevent or slow deposition of beta-amyloid, perhaps influencing the onset and progression of AD. C1 [Landau, Susan M.; Marks, Shawn M.; Mormino, Elizabeth C.; Rabinovici, Gil D.; Oh, Hwamee; Jagust, William J.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Helen Wills Neurosci Inst, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Jagust, William J.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Sch Publ Hlth, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Landau, Susan M.; Rabinovici, Gil D.; O'Neil, James P.; Jagust, William J.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Rabinovici, Gil D.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Neurol, San Francisco, CA USA. [Rabinovici, Gil D.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Memory & Aging Ctr, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Wilson, Robert S.] Rush Univ, Med Ctr, Rush Alzheimers Dis Ctr, Chicago, IL 60612 USA. RP Landau, SM (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Helen Wills Neurosci Inst, 118 Barker Hall,MC 3190, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM slandau@berkeley.edu FU National Institutes of Health [AG034570, AG032814]; Alzheimer's Association [ZEN-08-87090] FX This work was supported by grants AG034570 and AG032814 from the National Institutes of Health and grant ZEN-08-87090 from the Alzheimer's Association. NR 37 TC 81 Z9 85 U1 1 U2 16 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60654-0946 USA SN 0003-9942 J9 ARCH NEUROL-CHICAGO JI Arch. Neurol. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 69 IS 5 BP 623 EP 629 DI 10.1001/archneurol.2011.2748 PG 7 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 941ZO UT WOS:000304009100009 PM 22271235 ER PT J AU Abbasi, R Abdou, Y Abu-Zayyad, T Ackermann, M Adams, J Aguilar, JA Ahlers, M Allen, MM Altmann, D Andeen, K Auffenberg, J Bai, X Baker, M Barwick, SW Bay, R Alba, JLB Beattie, K Beatty, JJ Bechet, S Becker, JK Becker, KH Benabderrahmane, ML BenZvi, S Berdermann, J Berghaus, P Berley, D Bernardini, E Bertrand, D Besson, DZ Bindig, D Bissok, M Blaufuss, E Blumenthal, J Boersma, DJ Bohm, C Bose, D Boser, S Botner, O Brown, AM Buitink, S Caballero-Mora, KS Carson, M Chirkin, D Christy, B Clevermann, F Cohen, S Colnard, C Cowen, DF Silva, AHC D'Agostino, MV Danninger, M Daughhetee, J Davis, JC De Clercq, C Degner, T Demirors, L Descamps, F Desiati, P de Vries-Uiterweerd, G DeYoung, T Diaz-Velez, JC Dierckxsens, M Dreyer, J Dumm, JP Dunkman, M Eisch, J Ellsworth, RW Engdegard, O Euler, S Evenson, PA Fadiran, O Fazely, AR Fedynitch, FA Feintzeig, J Feusels, T Filimonov, K Finley, C Fischer-Wasels, T Fox, BD Franckowiak, A Franke, R Gaisser, TK Gallagher, J Gerhardt, L Gladstone, L Glusenkamp, T Goldschmidth, A Goodman, JA Gora, D Grant, D Griesel, T Gross, A Grullon, S Gurtner, M Ha, C Ismail, AH Hallgren, A Halzen, F Han, K Hanson, K Heinen, D Helbing, K Hellauer, R Hickford, S Hill, GC Hoffman, KD Hoffmann, B Homeier, A Hoshina, K Huesnitz, W Hulss, JP Hulth, PO Hultqvist, K Hussain, S Ishihara, A Jacobi, E Jacobsen, J Japaridze, GS Johansson, H Kampert, KH Kappes, A Karg, T Karle, A Kenny, P Kiryluk, J Kislat, F Klein, SR Kohne, JH Kohnen, G Kolanoski, H Kopke, L Koskinen, DJ Kowalski, M Kowarik, T Krasberg, M Kroll, G Kurahashi, N Kuwabara, T Labare, M Laihem, K Landsman, H Larson, MJ Lauer, R Lunemann, J Madsen, J Marotta, A Maruyama, R Mase, K Matis, HS Meagher, K Merck, M Meszaros, P Meures, T Miarecki, S Middell, E Milke, N Miller, J Montaruli, T Morse, R Movit, SM Nahnhauer, R Nam, JW Naumann, U Nygren, DR Odrowski, S Olivas, A Olivo, M O'Murchadha, A Panknin, S Paul, L de los Heros, CP Petrovic, J Piegsa, A Pieloth, D Porrata, R Posselt, J Price, PB Przybylski, GT Rawlins, K Redl, P Resconi, E Rhode, W Ribordy, M Richman, M Rodrigues, JP Rothmaier, F Rott, C Ruhe, T Rutledge, D Ruzybayev, B Ryckbosch, D Sander, HG Santander, M Sarkar, S Schatto, K Schmidt, T Schonwald, A Schukraft, A Schultes, A Schulz, O Schunck, M Seckel, D Semburg, B Seo, SH Sestayo, Y Seunarine, S Silvestri, A Spiczak, GM Spiering, C Stamatikos, M Stanev, T Stezelberger, T Stokstad, RG Stossl, A Strahler, EA Strom, R Stuer, M Sullivan, GW Swillens, Q Taavola, H Taboada, I Tamburro, A Tepe, A Ter-Antonyan, S Tilav, S Toale, PA Toscano, S Tosi, D van Eijndhoven, N Vandenbroucke, J Van Overloop, A van Santen, J Vehring, M Voge, M Walck, C Waldenmaier, T Wallraff, M Walter, M Weaver, C Wendt, C Westerhoff, S Whitehorn, N Wiebe, K Wiebusch, CH Williams, DR Wischnewski, R Wissing, H Wolf, M Wood, TR Woschnagg, K Xu, C Xu, DL Xu, XW Yanez, JP Yodh, G Yoshida, S Zarzhitsky, P Zoll, M AF Abbasi, R. Abdou, Y. Abu-Zayyad, T. Ackermann, M. Adams, J. Aguilar, J. A. Ahlers, M. Allen, M. M. Altmann, D. Andeen, K. Auffenberg, J. Bai, X. Baker, M. Barwick, S. W. Bay, R. Alba, J. L. Bazo Beattie, K. Beatty, J. J. Bechet, S. Becker, J. K. Becker, K. -H. Benabderrahmane, M. L. BenZvi, S. Berdermann, J. Berghaus, P. Berley, D. Bernardini, E. Bertrand, D. Besson, D. Z. Bindig, D. Bissok, M. Blaufuss, E. Blumenthal, J. Boersma, D. J. Bohm, C. Bose, D. Boeser, S. Botner, O. Brown, A. M. Buitink, S. Caballero-Mora, K. S. Carson, M. Chirkin, D. Christy, B. Clevermann, F. Cohen, S. Colnard, C. Cowen, D. F. Silva, A. H. Cruz D'Agostino, M. V. Danninger, M. Daughhetee, J. Davis, J. C. De Clercq, C. Degner, T. Demiroers, L. Descamps, F. Desiati, P. de Vries-Uiterweerd, G. DeYoung, T. Diaz-Velez, J. C. Dierckxsens, M. Dreyer, J. Dumm, J. P. Dunkman, M. Eisch, J. Ellsworth, R. W. Engdegard, O. Euler, S. Evenson, P. A. Fadiran, O. Fazely, A. R. Fedynitch, F. A. Feintzeig, J. Feusels, T. Filimonov, K. Finley, C. Fischer-Wasels, T. Fox, B. D. Franckowiak, A. Franke, R. Gaisser, T. K. Gallagher, J. Gerhardt, L. Gladstone, L. Gluesenkamp, T. Goldschmidth, A. Goodman, J. A. Gora, D. Grant, D. Griesel, T. Gross, A. Grullon, S. Gurtner, M. Ha, C. Ismail, A. Haj Hallgren, A. Halzen, F. Han, K. Hanson, K. Heinen, D. Helbing, K. Hellauer, R. Hickford, S. Hill, G. C. Hoffman, K. D. Hoffmann, B. Homeier, A. Hoshina, K. Huesnitz, W. Huelss, J. -P. Hulth, P. O. Hultqvist, K. Hussain, S. Ishihara, A. Jacobi, E. Jacobsen, J. Japaridze, G. S. Johansson, H. Kampert, K. -H. Kappes, A. Karg, T. Karle, A. Kenny, P. Kiryluk, J. Kislat, F. Klein, S. R. Koehne, J. -H. Kohnen, G. Kolanoski, H. Koepke, L. Koskinen, D. J. Kowalski, M. Kowarik, T. Krasberg, M. Kroll, G. Kurahashi, N. Kuwabara, T. Labare, M. Laihem, K. Landsman, H. Larson, M. J. Lauer, R. Luenemann, J. Madsen, J. Marotta, A. Maruyama, R. Mase, K. Matis, H. S. Meagher, K. Merck, M. Meszaros, P. Meures, T. Miarecki, S. Middell, E. Milke, N. Miller, J. Montaruli, T. Morse, R. Movit, S. M. Nahnhauer, R. Nam, J. W. Naumann, U. Nygren, D. R. Odrowski, S. Olivas, A. Olivo, M. O'Murchadha, A. Panknin, S. Paul, L. de los Heros, C. Perez Petrovic, J. Piegsa, A. Pieloth, D. Porrata, R. Posselt, J. Price, P. B. Przybylski, G. T. Rawlins, K. Redl, P. Resconi, E. Rhode, W. Ribordy, M. Richman, M. Rodrigues, J. P. Rothmaier, F. Rott, C. Ruhe, T. Rutledge, D. Ruzybayev, B. Ryckbosch, D. Sander, H. -G. Santander, M. Sarkar, S. Schatto, K. Schmidt, T. Schoenwald, A. Schukraft, A. Schultes, A. Schulz, O. Schunck, M. Seckel, D. Semburg, B. Seo, S. H. Sestayo, Y. Seunarine, S. Silvestri, A. Spiczak, G. M. Spiering, C. Stamatikos, M. Stanev, T. Stezelberger, T. Stokstad, R. G. Stoessl, A. Strahler, E. A. Strom, R. Stueer, M. Sullivan, G. W. Swillens, Q. Taavola, H. Taboada, I. Tamburro, A. Tepe, A. Ter-Antonyan, S. Tilav, S. Toale, P. A. Toscano, S. Tosi, D. van Eijndhoven, N. Vandenbroucke, J. Van Overloop, A. van Santen, J. Vehring, M. Voge, M. Walck, C. Waldenmaier, T. Wallraff, M. Walter, M. Weaver, Ch. Wendt, C. Westerhoff, S. Whitehorn, N. Wiebe, K. Wiebusch, C. H. Williams, D. R. Wischnewski, R. Wissing, H. Wolf, M. Wood, T. R. Woschnagg, K. Xu, C. Xu, D. L. Xu, X. W. Yanez, J. P. Yodh, G. Yoshida, S. Zarzhitsky, P. Zoll, M. TI The design and performance of IceCube DeepCore SO ASTROPARTICLE PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Neutrino; Detector; Antarctica; DeepCore; IceCube ID GENERATOR; ICE AB The IceCube neutrino observatory in operation at the South Pole, Antarctica, comprises three distinct components: a large buried array for ultrahigh energy neutrino detection, a surface air shower array, and a new buried component called DeepCore. DeepCore was designed to lower the IceCube neutrino energy threshold by over an order of magnitude, to energies as low as about 10 GeV. DeepCore is situated primarily 2100 m below the surface of the icecap at the South Pole, at the bottom center of the existing IceCube array, and began taking physics data in May 2010. Its location takes advantage of the exceptionally clear ice at those depths and allows it to use the surrounding IceCube detector as a highly efficient active veto against the principal background of downward-going muons produced in cosmic-ray air showers. DeepCore has a module density roughly five times higher than that of the standard IceCube array, and uses photomultiplier tubes with a new photocathode featuring a quantum efficiency about 35% higher than standard IceCube PMTs. Taken together, these features of DeepCore will increase IceCube's sensitivity to neutrinos from WIMP dark matter annihilations, atmospheric neutrino oscillations, galactic supernova neutrinos, and point sources of neutrinos in the northern and southern skies. In this paper we describe the design and initial performance of DeepCore. (c) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Allen, M. M.; Caballero-Mora, K. S.; Cowen, D. F.; DeYoung, T.; Dunkman, M.; Fox, B. D.; Ha, C.; Koskinen, D. J.; Larson, M. J.; Meszaros, P.; Rutledge, D.] Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Altmann, D.; Bissok, M.; Blumenthal, J.; Boersma, D. J.; Euler, S.; Heinen, D.; Hoffmann, B.; Huelss, J. -P.; Laihem, K.; Paul, L.; Schukraft, A.; Schunck, M.; Vehring, M.; Wallraff, M.; Wiebusch, C. H.] Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany. [Toale, P. A.; Williams, D. R.; Xu, D. L.; Zarzhitsky, P.] Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA. [Rawlins, K.] Univ Alaska Anchorage, Dept Phys & Astron, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA. [Japaridze, G. S.] Clark Atlanta Univ, CTSPS, Atlanta, GA 30314 USA. [Daughhetee, J.; Taboada, I.; Tepe, A.] Georgia Inst Technol, Ctr Relativist Astrophys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. 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[Boeser, S.; Degner, T.; Franckowiak, A.; Homeier, A.; Kowalski, M.; Panknin, S.; Stueer, M.; Voge, M.] Univ Bonn, Inst Phys, D-53115 Bonn, Germany. [Seunarine, S.] Univ W Indies, Dept Phys, BB-11000 Bridgetown, Barbados. [Bechet, S.; Bertrand, D.; Dierckxsens, M.; Hanson, K.; Marotta, A.; Meures, T.; Petrovic, J.; Swillens, Q.] Univ Libre Brussels, Sci Fac CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium. [Bose, D.; Buitink, S.; De Clercq, C.; Labare, M.; Strahler, E. A.; van Eijndhoven, N.] Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium. [Ishihara, A.; Mase, K.; Yoshida, S.] Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan. [Adams, J.; Brown, A. M.; Gross, A.; Hickford, S.] Univ Canterbury, Dept Phys & Astron, Christchurch 1, New Zealand. [Berley, D.; Blaufuss, E.; Christy, B.; Ellsworth, R. W.; Goodman, J. A.; Hellauer, R.; Hoffman, K. D.; Huesnitz, W.; Meagher, K.; Olivas, A.; Redl, P.; Richman, M.; Schmidt, T.; Sullivan, G. W.; Wissing, H.] Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Beatty, J. J.; Davis, J. C.; Rott, C.; Stamatikos, M.] Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Beatty, J. J.; Davis, J. C.; Rott, C.; Stamatikos, M.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Beatty, J. J.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Astron, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Clevermann, F.; Koehne, J. -H.; Milke, N.; Pieloth, D.; Rhode, W.; Ruhe, T.] TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany. [Grant, D.; Wood, T. R.] Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G7, Canada. [Abdou, Y.; Carson, M.; Descamps, F.; de Vries-Uiterweerd, G.; Feusels, T.; Ismail, A. Haj; Ryckbosch, D.; Van Overloop, A.] Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium. [Colnard, C.; Gross, A.; Odrowski, S.; Resconi, E.; Schulz, O.; Sestayo, Y.; Wolf, M.] Max Planck Inst Kernphys, D-69177 Heidelberg, Germany. [Barwick, S. W.; Nam, J. 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[Griesel, T.; Koepke, L.; Kowarik, T.; Kroll, G.; Luenemann, J.; Piegsa, A.; Rothmaier, F.; Sander, H. -G.; Schatto, K.; Wiebe, K.] Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, D-55099 Mainz, Germany. [Kohnen, G.] Univ Mons, B-7000 Mons, Belgium. [Bai, X.; Berghaus, P.; Evenson, P. A.; Gaisser, T. K.; Hussain, S.; Kuwabara, T.; Ruzybayev, B.; Seckel, D.; Stanev, T.; Tilav, S.; Xu, C.] Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA. [Bai, X.; Berghaus, P.; Evenson, P. A.; Gaisser, T. K.; Hussain, S.; Kuwabara, T.; Ruzybayev, B.; Seckel, D.; Stanev, T.; Tilav, S.; Xu, C.] Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA. [Ahlers, M.; Sarkar, S.] Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, Oxford OX1 3NP, England. [Abu-Zayyad, T.; D'Agostino, M. V.; Madsen, J.; Spiczak, G. M.; Tamburro, A.; Woschnagg, K.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, River Falls, WI 54022 USA. [Bohm, C.; Danninger, M.; Finley, C.; Hulth, P. O.; Hultqvist, K.; Johansson, H.; Seo, S. H.; Walck, C.; Zoll, M.] Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Cowen, D. F.; Meszaros, P.; Movit, S. M.] Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Botner, O.; Engdegard, O.; Hallgren, A.; Miller, J.; de los Heros, C. Perez; Strom, R.; Taavola, H.] Uppsala Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, S-75120 Uppsala, Sweden. [Auffenberg, J.; Becker, K. -H.; Bindig, D.; Fischer-Wasels, T.; Gurtner, M.; Helbing, K.; Kampert, K. -H.; Karg, T.; Naumann, U.; Posselt, J.; Schultes, A.; Semburg, B.] Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany. [Ackermann, M.; Alba, J. L. Bazo; Benabderrahmane, M. L.; Berdermann, J.; Bernardini, E.; Silva, A. H. Cruz; Franke, R.; Gluesenkamp, T.; Gora, D.; Han, K.; Jacobi, E.; Kislat, F.; Lauer, R.; Middell, E.; Nahnhauer, R.; Schoenwald, A.; Spiering, C.; Stoessl, A.; Tosi, D.; Walter, M.; Wischnewski, R.; Yanez, J. P.] DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany. RP Cowen, DF (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, 104 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. EM cowen@phys.psu.edu RI Wiebusch, Christopher/G-6490-2012; Sarkar, Subir/G-5978-2011; Beatty, James/D-9310-2011; Kowalski, Marek/G-5546-2012; Tamburro, Alessio/A-5703-2013; Botner, Olga/A-9110-2013; Hallgren, Allan/A-8963-2013; Tjus, Julia/G-8145-2012; Auffenberg, Jan/D-3954-2014; Koskinen, David/G-3236-2014; Aguilar Sanchez, Juan Antonio/H-4467-2015; Maruyama, Reina/A-1064-2013; Taavola, Henric/B-4497-2011; OI Wiebusch, Christopher/0000-0002-6418-3008; Sarkar, Subir/0000-0002-3542-858X; Beatty, James/0000-0003-0481-4952; Rott, Carsten/0000-0002-6958-6033; Auffenberg, Jan/0000-0002-1185-9094; Koskinen, David/0000-0002-0514-5917; Aguilar Sanchez, Juan Antonio/0000-0003-2252-9514; Maruyama, Reina/0000-0003-2794-512X; Ter-Antonyan, Samvel/0000-0002-5788-1369; Schukraft, Anne/0000-0002-9112-5479; Perez de los Heros, Carlos/0000-0002-2084-5866; Taavola, Henric/0000-0002-2604-2810; Buitink, Stijn/0000-0002-6177-497X; Carson, Michael/0000-0003-0400-7819; Benabderrahmane, Mohamed Lotfi/0000-0003-4410-5886; Lauer, Robert/0000-0003-1933-7861 FU U.S. National Science Foundation-Office of Polar Programs; U.S. National Science Foundation-Physics Division; University of Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation; Grid Laboratory Of Wisconsin (GLOW) grid infrastructure at the University of Wisconsin - Madison; Open Science Grid (OSG) grid infrastructure; U.S. Department of Energy; National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center; Louisiana Optical Network Initiative (LONI) grid computing resources; National Science and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Swedish Research Council; Swedish Polar Research Secretariat; Swedish National Infrastructure for Computing (SNIC); Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation, Sweden; German Ministry for Education and Research (BMBF); Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG); Research Department of Plasmas with Complex Interactions (Bochum), Germany; Fund for Scientific Research (FNRS-FWO); FWO Odysseus programme; Flanders Institute to encourage scientific and technological research in industry (IWT); Belgian Federal Science Policy Office (Belspo); University of Oxford, United Kingdom; Marsden Fund, New Zealand; Japan Society for Promotion of Science (JSPS); Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF), Switzerland; EU; Capes Foundation, Ministry of Education of Brazil FX We acknowledge the support from the following agencies: U.S. National Science Foundation-Office of Polar Programs, U.S. National Science Foundation-Physics Division, University of Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation, the Grid Laboratory Of Wisconsin (GLOW) grid infrastructure at the University of Wisconsin - Madison, the Open Science Grid (OSG) grid infrastructure; U.S. Department of Energy, and National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center, the Louisiana Optical Network Initiative (LONI) grid computing resources; National Science and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Swedish Research Council, Swedish Polar Research Secretariat, Swedish National Infrastructure for Computing (SNIC), and Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation, Sweden; German Ministry for Education and Research (BMBF), Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG), Research Department of Plasmas with Complex Interactions (Bochum), Germany; Fund for Scientific Research (FNRS-FWO), FWO Odysseus programme, Flanders Institute to encourage scientific and technological research in industry (IWT), Belgian Federal Science Policy Office (Belspo); University of Oxford, United Kingdom; Marsden Fund, New Zealand; Japan Society for Promotion of Science (JSPS); the Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF), Switzerland; A. Gro acknowledges support by the EU Marie Curie OIF Program; J. P. Rodrigues acknowledges support by the Capes Foundation, Ministry of Education of Brazil. NR 24 TC 103 Z9 103 U1 1 U2 19 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0927-6505 J9 ASTROPART PHYS JI Astropart Phys. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 35 IS 10 BP 615 EP 624 DI 10.1016/j.astropartphys.2012.01.004 PG 10 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 944RD UT WOS:000304220600002 ER PT J AU Abeysekara, AU Aguilar, JA Aguilar, S Alfaro, R Almaraz, E Alvarez, C Alvarez-Romero, JD Alvarez, M Arceo, R Arteaga-Velazquez, JC Badillo, C Barber, A Baughman, BM Bautista-Elivar, N Belmont, E Benitez, E BenZvi, SY Berley, D Bernal, A Bonamente, E Braun, J Caballero-Lopez, R Cabrera, I Carraminana, A Carrasco, L Castillo, M Chambers, L Conde, R Condreay, P Cotti, U Cotzomi, J D'Olivo, JC de la Fuente, E De Leon, C Delay, S Delepine, D DeYoung, T Diaz, L Diaz-Cruz, L Dingus, BL Duvernois, MA Edmunds, D Ellsworth, RW Fick, B Florino, DW Flandes, A Fraija, NI Galindo, A Garcia-Luna, JL Garcia-Torales, G Garfias, F Gonzalez, LX Gonzalez, MM Goodman, JA Grabski, V Gussert, M Guzman-Ceron, C Hampel-Arias, Z Harris, T Hays, E Hernandez-Cervantes, L Huntemeyer, PH Imran, A Iriarte, A Jimenez, JJ Karn, P Kelley-Hoskins, N Kieda, D Langarica, R Lara, A Lauer, R Lee, WH Linares, EC Linnemann, JT Longo, M Luna-Garcia, R Martinez, H Martinez, J Martinez, LA Martinez, O Martinez-Castro, J Martos, M Matthews, J McEnery, JE Medina-Tanco, G Mendoza-Torres, JE Miranda-Romagnoli, PA Montaruli, T Moreno, E Mostafa, M Napsuciale, M Nava, J Nellen, L Newbold, M Noriega-Papaqui, R Oceguera-Becerra, T Tapia, AO Orozco, V Perez, V Perez-Perez, EG Perkins, JS Pretz, J Ramirez, C Ramirez, I Rebello, D Renteria, A Reyes, J Rosa-Gonzalez, D Rosado, A Ryan, JM Sacahui, JR Salazar, H Salesa, F Sandoval, A Santos, E Schneider, M Shoup, A Silich, S Sinnis, G Smith, AJ Sparks, K Springer, W Suarez, F Suarez, N Taboada, I Tellez, AF Tenorio-Tagle, G Tepe, A Toale, PA Tollefson, K Torres, I Ukwatta, TN Valdes-Galicia, J Vanegas, P Vasileiou, V Vazquez, O Vazquez, X Villasenor, L Wall, W Walters, JS Warner, D Westerhoff, S Wisher, IG Wood, J Yodh, GB Zaborov, D Zepeda, A AF Abeysekara, A. U. Aguilar, J. A. Aguilar, S. Alfaro, R. Almaraz, E. Alvarez, C. Alvarez-Romero, J. de D. Alvarez, M. Arceo, R. Arteaga-Velazquez, J. C. Badillo, C. Barber, A. Baughman, B. M. Bautista-Elivar, N. Belmont, E. Benitez, E. BenZvi, S. Y. Berley, D. Bernal, A. Bonamente, E. Braun, J. Caballero-Lopez, R. Cabrera, I. Carraminana, A. Carrasco, L. Castillo, M. Chambers, L. Conde, R. Condreay, P. Cotti, U. Cotzomi, J. D'Olivo, J. C. de la Fuente, E. De Leon, C. Delay, S. Delepine, D. DeYoung, T. Diaz, L. Diaz-Cruz, L. Dingus, B. L. Duvernois, M. A. Edmunds, D. Ellsworth, R. W. Fick, B. Florino, D. W. Flandes, A. Fraija, N. I. Galindo, A. Garcia-Luna, J. L. Garcia-Torales, G. Garfias, F. Gonzalez, L. X. Gonzalez, M. M. Goodman, J. A. Grabski, V. Gussert, M. Guzman-Ceron, C. Hampel-Arias, Z. Harris, T. Hays, E. Hernandez-Cervantes, L. Huentemeyer, P. H. Imran, A. Iriarte, A. Jimenez, J. J. Karn, P. Kelley-Hoskins, N. Kieda, D. Langarica, R. Lara, A. Lauer, R. Lee, W. H. Linares, E. C. Linnemann, J. T. Longo, M. Luna-Garcia, R. Martinez, H. Martinez, J. Martinez, L. A. Martinez, O. Martinez-Castro, J. Martos, M. Matthews, J. McEnery, J. E. Medina-Tanco, G. Mendoza-Torres, J. E. Miranda-Romagnoli, P. A. Montaruli, T. Moreno, E. Mostafa, M. Napsuciale, M. Nava, J. Nellen, L. Newbold, M. Noriega-Papaqui, R. Oceguera-Becerra, T. Olmos Tapia, A. Orozco, V. Perez, V. Perez-Perez, E. G. Perkins, J. S. Pretz, J. Ramirez, C. Ramirez, I. Rebello, D. Renteria, A. Reyes, J. Rosa-Gonzalez, D. Rosado, A. Ryan, J. M. Sacahui, J. R. Salazar, H. Salesa, F. Sandoval, A. Santos, E. Schneider, M. Shoup, A. Silich, S. Sinnis, G. Smith, A. J. Sparks, K. Springer, W. Suarez, F. Suarez, N. Taboada, I. Tellez, A. F. Tenorio-Tagle, G. Tepe, A. Toale, P. A. Tollefson, K. Torres, I. Ukwatta, T. N. Valdes-Galicia, J. Vanegas, P. Vasileiou, V. Vazquez, O. Vazquez, X. Villasenor, L. Wall, W. Walters, J. S. Warner, D. Westerhoff, S. Wisher, I. G. Wood, J. Yodh, G. B. Zaborov, D. Zepeda, A. TI On the sensitivity of the HAWC observatory to gamma-ray bursts SO ASTROPARTICLE PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Gamma-ray bursts; Gamma ray ID HIGH-ENERGY EMISSION; FERMI OBSERVATIONS; SPECTRAL COMPONENT; BLACK-HOLES; GRB 090510; CONSTRAINTS; SUPERNOVAE; TELESCOPE; MILAGRITO; AFTERGLOW AB We present the sensitivity of HAWC to gamma ray bursts (GRBs). HAWC is a very high-energy gamma-ray observatory currently under construction in Mexico at an altitude of 4100 m. It will observe atmospheric air showers via the water Cherenkov method. HAWC will consist of 300 large water tanks instrumented with 4 photomultipliers each. HAWC has two data acquisition (DAQ) systems. The main DAQ system reads out coincident signals in the tanks and reconstructs the direction and energy of individual atmospheric showers. The scaler DAQ counts the hits in each photomultiplier tube (PMT) in the detector and searches for a statistical excess over the noise of all PMTs. We show that HAWC has a realistic opportunity to observe the high-energy power law components of GRBs that extend at least up to 30 GeV, as it has been observed by Fermi LAT. The two DAQ systems have an energy threshold that is low enough to observe events similar to GRB 090510 and GRB 090902b with the characteristics observed by Fermi LAT. HAWC will provide information about the high-energy spectra of GRBs which in turn could help to understanding about e-pair attenuation in GRB jets, extragalactic background light absorption, as well as establishing the highest energy to which GRBs accelerate particles. (c) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Harris, T.; Rebello, D.; Taboada, I.; Tepe, A.] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Phys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Harris, T.; Rebello, D.; Taboada, I.; Tepe, A.] Georgia Inst Technol, Ctr Relativist Astrophys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Abeysekara, A. U.; Edmunds, D.; Linnemann, J. T.; Tollefson, K.; Ukwatta, T. N.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Aguilar, J. A.; BenZvi, S. Y.; Duvernois, M. A.; Florino, D. W.; Hampel-Arias, Z.; Montaruli, T.; Westerhoff, S.; Wisher, I. G.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Aguilar, S.; Alfaro, R.; Almaraz, E.; Alvarez, M.; Badillo, C.; Belmont, E.; Cabrera, I.; Grabski, V.; Martinez, J.; Orozco, V.; Perez, V.; Ramirez, I.; Renteria, A.; Sandoval, A.; Suarez, F.; Vanegas, P.; Vazquez, O.; Vazquez, X.] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Fis, Mexico City 01000, DF, Mexico. [Alvarez, C.; Arceo, R.; Jimenez, J. J.; Santos, E.] Univ Autonoma Chiapas, CEFYMAP, Tuxtla Gutierrez 29040, Chiapas, Mexico. [Alvarez-Romero, J. de D.; Arteaga-Velazquez, J. C.; Cotti, U.; De Leon, C.; Linares, E. C.; Villasenor, L.] Univ Michocana San Nicolas de Hidalgo, Morelia 58040, Mich, Mexico. [Barber, A.; Kieda, D.; Newbold, M.; Springer, W.] Univ Utah, Dept Phys & Astron, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. [Baughman, B. M.; Berley, D.; Braun, J.; Goodman, J. A.; Smith, A. J.; Wood, J.] Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Bautista-Elivar, N.; Perez-Perez, E. G.] Univ Politecn Pachuca, Pachuca, Hidalgo, Mexico. [Benitez, E.; Bernal, A.; Fraija, N. I.; Garfias, F.; Gonzalez, M. M.; Guzman-Ceron, C.; Hernandez-Cervantes, L.; Iriarte, A.; Langarica, R.; Lee, W. H.; Martinez, L. A.; Martos, M.; Sacahui, J. R.] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Astron, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico. [Bonamente, E.; Fick, B.; Huentemeyer, P. H.; Kelley-Hoskins, N.; Lara, A.] Michigan Technol Univ, Dept Phys, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. [Caballero-Lopez, R.; Flandes, A.; Valdes-Galicia, J.] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Geofis, Cu Mexico 04510, DF, Mexico. [Carraminana, A.; Carrasco, L.; Galindo, A.; Gonzalez, L. X.; Mendoza-Torres, J. E.; Nava, J.; Olmos Tapia, A.; Reyes, J.; Rosa-Gonzalez, D.; Silich, S.; Suarez, N.; Tenorio-Tagle, G.; Torres, I.; Wall, W.; Walters, J. S.] Inst Nacl Astrofis Opt & Electr, Puebla 72840, Mexico. [Castillo, M.; Conde, R.; Cotzomi, J.; Diaz-Cruz, L.; Martinez, O.; Moreno, E.; Ramirez, C.; Rosado, A.; Salazar, H.; Tellez, A. F.] Benemerita Univ Autonoma Puebla, FCFM, Puebla 72000, Mexico. [Chambers, L.; Condreay, P.; DeYoung, T.; Sparks, K.; Zaborov, D.] Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [D'Olivo, J. C.; Diaz, L.; Medina-Tanco, G.; Nellen, L.] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Ciencias Nucl, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico. [de la Fuente, E.; Garcia-Luna, J. L.; Garcia-Torales, G.; Oceguera-Becerra, T.] Univ Guadalajara, CUCEA, CU VALLES, CUCEI, Guadalajara 44430, Jalisco, Mexico. [Delay, S.; Karn, P.; Yodh, G. B.] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. [Delepine, D.; Napsuciale, M.] Univ Guanajuato, Dept Phys, Col Loma Del Campestre 37150, Leon, Mexico. [Dingus, B. L.; Imran, A.; Pretz, J.; Sinnis, G.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Phys, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Ellsworth, R. W.] George Mason Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Gussert, M.; Longo, M.; Mostafa, M.; Salesa, F.; Warner, D.] Colorado State Univ, Ft Collins, CO 80525 USA. [Hays, E.; McEnery, J. E.; Perkins, J. S.; Vasileiou, V.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Lauer, R.; Matthews, J.] Univ New Mexico, Dept Phys & Astron, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [Luna-Garcia, R.; Martinez-Castro, J.] Inst Politecn Nacl, Ctr Invest Comp, Mexico City 07738, DF, Mexico. [Martinez, H.; Zepeda, A.] IPN, Ctr Invest & Estudios Avanzados, Dept Phys, Mexico City 07000, DF, Mexico. [Miranda-Romagnoli, P. A.; Noriega-Papaqui, R.] Univ Autonoma Estado Hidalgo, Pachuca, Hidalgo, Mexico. [Ryan, J. M.] Univ New Hampshire, Dept Phys, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Schneider, M.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Shoup, A.] Ohio State Univ, Lima, OH 45804 USA. [Toale, P. A.] Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA. RP Taboada, I (reprint author), Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Phys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. EM ignacio.taboada@physics.gatech.edu RI Hays, Elizabeth/D-3257-2012; Aguilar Sanchez, Juan Antonio/H-4467-2015; Fernandez Tellez, Arturo/E-9700-2017; OI Aguilar Sanchez, Juan Antonio/0000-0003-2252-9514; Fernandez Tellez, Arturo/0000-0003-0152-4220; Caballero, Rogelio/0000-0001-8954-1927; Dingus, Brenda/0000-0001-8451-7450; Fernandez Tellez, Arturo/0000-0001-5092-9748 FU National Science Foundation; US Department of Energy Office of High-Energy Physics; LDRD of Los Alamos National Laboratory; Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia [55155, 103520, 105033, 105666, 122331, 132197]; Red de Fisica de Altas Energias, DGAPA-UNAM [IN105211, IN112910, IN121309, IN115409]; VIEP-BUAP [161-EXC-2011]; University of Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation FX This work has been supported by: the National Science Foundation, the US Department of Energy Office of High-Energy Physics, the LDRD program of Los Alamos National Laboratory, Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia (grants 55155, 103520, 105033, 105666, 122331 and 132197), Red de Fisica de Altas Energias, DGAPA-UNAM (grants IN105211, IN112910 and IN121309, IN115409), VIEP-BUAP (grant 161-EXC-2011) and the University of Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation. NR 54 TC 39 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 15 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0927-6505 J9 ASTROPART PHYS JI Astropart Phys. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 35 IS 10 BP 641 EP 650 DI 10.1016/j.astropartphys.2012.02.001 PG 10 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 944RD UT WOS:000304220600006 ER PT J AU Abreu, P Aglietta, M Ahn, EJ Albuquerque, IFM Allard, D Allekotte, I Allen, J Allison, P Castillo, JA Alvarez-Muniz, J Ambrosio, M Aminaei, A Anchordoqui, L Andringa, S Anticic, T Anzalone, A Aramo, C Arganda, E Arqueros, F Asorey, H Assis, P Aublin, J Ave, M Avenier, M Avila, G Backer, T Balzer, M Barber, KB Barbosa, AF Bardenet, R Barroso, SLC Baughman, B Bauml, J Beatty, JJ Becker, BR Becker, KH Belletoile, A Bellido, JA BenZvi, S Berat, C Bertou, X Biermann, PL Billoir, P Blanco, F Blanco, M Bleve, C Blumer, H Bohacova, M Boncioli, D Bonifazi, C Bonino, R Borodai, N Brack, J Brogueira, P Brown, WC Bruijn, R Buchholz, P Bueno, A Burton, RE Caballero-Mora, MS Caramete, L Caruso, R Castellina, A Catalano, O Cataldi, G Cazon, L Cester, R Chauvin, J Cheng, SH Chiavassa, A Chinellato, JA Chou, A Chudoba, J Clay, RW Coluccia, MR Conceicao, R Contreras, F Cook, H Cooper, MJ Coppens, J Cordier, A Cotti, U Coutu, S Covault, CE Creusot, A Criss, A Cronin, J Curutiu, A Dagoret-Campagne, S Dallier, R Dasso, S Daumiller, K Dawson, BR de Almeida, RM De Domenico, M De Donato, C de Jong, SJ De la Vega, G Mello, WJM Neto, JRTD De Mitri, I de Souza, V de Vries, KD Decerprit, G del Peral, L Deligny, O Dembinski, H Dhital, N Di Giulio, C Diaz, JC Castro, MLD Diep, PN Dobrigkeit, C Docters, W D'Olivo, JC Dong, PN Dorofeev, A dos Anjos, JC Dova, MT D'Urso, D Dutan, I Ebr, J Engel, R Erdmann, M Escobar, CO Etchegoyen, A San Luis, PF Tapia, IF Falcke, H Farrar, G Fauth, AC Fazzini, N Ferguson, AP Ferrero, A Fick, B Filevich, A Filipcic, A Fliescher, S Fracchiolla, CE Fraenkel, ED Frohlich, U Fuchs, B Gaior, R Gamarra, RF Gambetta, S Garcia, B Gamez, DG Garcia-Pinto, D Gascon, A Gemmeke, H Gesterling, K Ghia, PL Giaccari, U Giller, M Glass, H Gold, MS Golup, G Albarracin, FG Berisso, MG Goncalves, P Gonzalez, D Gonzalez, JG Gookin, B Gora, D Gorgi, A Gouffon, P Gozzini, SR Grashorn, E Grebe, S Griffith, N Grigat, M Grillo, AF Guardincerri, Y Guarino, F Guedes, GP Guzman, A Hague, JD Hansen, P Harari, D Harmsma, S Harton, JL Haungs, A Hebbeker, T Heck, D Herve, AE Hojvat, C Hollon, N Holmes, VC Homola, P Horandel, JR Horneffer, A Hrabovsky, M Huege, T Insolia, A Ionita, F Italiano, A Jarne, C Jiraskova, S Kadija, K Kampert, KH Karhan, P Kasper, P Kegl, B Keilhauer, B Keivani, A Kelley, JL Kemp, E Kieckhafer, RM Klages, HO Kleifges, M Kleinfeller, J Knapp, J Koang, DH Kotera, K Krohm, N Kromer, O Kruppke-Hansen, D Kuehn, F Kuempel, D Kulbartz, JK Kunka, N La Rosa, G Lachaud, C Lautridou, P Leao, MSAB Lebrun, D Lebrun, P de Oliveira, MAL Lemiere, A Letessier-Selvon, A Lhenry-Yvon, I Link, K Lopez, R Aguera, AL Louedec, K Bahilo, JL Lucero, A Ludwig, M Lyberis, H Maccarone, MC Macolino, C Maldera, S Mandat, D Mantsch, P Mariazzi, AG Marin, J Marin, V Maris, IC Falcon, HRM Marsella, G Martello, D Martin, L Martinez, H Bravo, OM Mathes, HJ Matthews, J Matthews, JAJ Matthiae, G Maurizio, D Mazur, PO Medina-Tanco, G Melissas, M Melo, D Menichetti, E Menshikov, A Mertsch, P Meurer, C Micanovic, S Micheletti, MI Miller, W Miramonti, L Mollerach, S Monasor, M Ragaigne, DM Montanet, F Morales, B Morello, C Moreno, E Moreno, JC Morris, C Mostafa, M Moura, CA Mueller, S Muller, MA Muller, G Munchmeyer, M Mussa, R Navarra, G Navarro, JL Navas, S Necesal, P Nellen, L Nelles, A Nhung, PT Niemietz, L Nierstenhoefer, N Nitz, D Nosek, D Nozka, L Nyklicek, M Oehlschlager, J Olinto, A Oliva, P Olmos-Gilbaja, VM Ortiz, M Pacheco, N Selmi-Dei, DP Palatka, M Pallotta, J Palmieri, N Parente, G Parizot, E Parra, A Parsons, RD Pastor, S Paul, T Pech, M Pekala, J Pelayo, R Pepe, IM Perrone, L Pesce, R Petermann, E Petrera, S Petrinca, P Petrolini, A Petrov, Y Petrovic, J Pfendner, C Phan, N Piegaia, R Pierog, T Pieroni, P Pimenta, M Pirronello, V 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M Tamashiro, A Tapia, A Tartare, M Tascau, O Ruiz, CGT Tcaciuc, R Tegolo, D Thao, NT Thomas, D Tiffenberg, J Timmermans, C Tiwari, DK Tkaczyk, W Peixoto, CJT Tome, B Tonachini, A Travnicek, P Tridapalli, DB Tristram, G Trovato, E Tueros, M Ulrich, R Unger, M Urban, M Galicia, JFV Valino, I Valore, L van den Berg, AM Varela, E Cardenas, BV Vazquez, JR Vazquez, RA Veberic, D Verzi, V Vicha, J Videla, M Villasenor, L Wahlberg, H Wahrlich, P Wainberg, O Warner, D Watson, AA Weber, M Weidenhaupt, K Weindl, A Westerhoff, S Whelan, BJ Wieczorek, G Wiencke, L Wilczynska, B Wilczynski, H Will, M Williams, C Winchen, T Winders, L Winnick, MG Wommer, M Wundheiler, B Yamamoto, T Yapici, T Younk, P Yuan, G Yushkov, A Zamorano, B Zas, E Zavrtanik, D Zavrtanik, M Zaw, I Zepeda, A Ziolkowski, M AF Abreu, P. 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[Caruso, R.; De Domenico, M.; Insolia, A.; Italiano, A.; Pirronello, V.; Riggi, S.; Rodriguez Martino, J.; Scuderi, M.; Tegolo, D.; Trovato, E.] Univ Catania, Catania, Italy. [Caruso, R.; Castellina, A.; De Domenico, M.; Insolia, A.; Italiano, A.; Pirronello, V.; Riggi, S.; Rodriguez Martino, J.; Scuderi, M.; Tegolo, D.; Trovato, E.] Sezione Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Catania, Italy. [Aglietta, M.; Bonino, R.; Castellina, A.; Chiavassa, A.; Ghia, P. L.; Gorgi, A.; Lucero, A.; Maldera, S.; Marin, J.; Morello, C.; Navarra, G.] Sezione Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Turin, Italy. [Aglietta, M.; Bonino, R.; Castellina, A.; Chiavassa, A.; Ghia, P. L.; Gorgi, A.; Lucero, A.; Maldera, S.; Marin, J.; Morello, C.; Navarra, G.] Univ Turin, Ist Fis Spazio Interplanetario INAF, Turin, Italy. [Marsella, G.; Perrone, L.] Univ Salento, Dipartimento Ingn Innovaz, Lecce, Italy. [Anzalone, A.; Catalano, O.; La Rosa, G.; Maccarone, M. C.; Segreto, A.; Strazzeri, E.] Ist Astrofis Spaziale & Fis Cosm Palermo INAF, Palermo, Italy. [Grillo, A. F.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Gran Sasso, Laquila, Italy. [Tegolo, D.] Univ Palermo, Catania, Italy. [Lopez, R.; Martinez Bravo, O.; Moreno, E.; Robledo, C.; Salazar, H.; Varela, E.] Benemerita Univ Autonoma Puebla, Puebla, Mexico. [Martinez, H.; Zepeda, A.] CINVESTAV, IPN, Ctr Invest & Estudios Avanzados, Mexico City 14000, DF, Mexico. [Cotti, U.; Marquez Falcon, H. R.; Tiwari, D. K.; Villasenor, L.] Univ Michoacana, Morelia, Michoacan, Mexico. [Alvarez Castillo, J.; De Donato, C.; D'Olivo, J. C.; Fajardo Tapia, I.; Guzman, A.; Medina-Tanco, G.; Morales, B.; Nellen, L.; Silva Lopez, H. H.; Supanitsky, A. D.; Tavera Ruiz, C. G.; Valdes Galicia, J. F.; Vargas Cardenas, B.] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico. [Aminaei, A.; Coppens, J.; de Jong, S. J.; Falcke, H.; Grebe, S.; Horandel, J. R.; Horneffer, A.; Jiraskova, S.; Kelley, J. L.; Nelles, A.; Schoorlemmer, H.; Timmermans, C.] Radboud Univ Nijmegen, IMAPP, NL-6525 ED Nijmegen, Netherlands. [de Vries, K. D.; Docters, W.; Fraenkel, E. D.; Harmsma, S.; Scholten, O.; van den Berg, A. M.] Univ Groningen, Kernfys Versneller Inst, Groningen, Netherlands. [Coppens, J.; Harmsma, S.; Petrovic, J.; Timmermans, C.] NIKHEF H, NL-1009 DB Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Falcke, H.] ASTRON, Dwingeloo, Netherlands. [Borodai, N.; Gora, D.; Homola, P.; Pekala, J.; Stasielak, J.; Wilczynska, B.; Wilczynski, H.] Inst Nucl Phys PAN, Krakow, Poland. [Giller, M.; Smialkowski, A.; Szadkowski, Z.; Tkaczyk, W.; Wieczorek, G.] Univ Lodz, PL-90131 Lodz, Poland. [Filipcic, A.; Veberic, D.; Zavrtanik, D.; Zavrtanik, M.] J Stefan Inst, Ljubljana, Slovenia. [Creusot, A.; Filipcic, A.; Veberic, D.; Zavrtanik, D.; Zavrtanik, M.] Univ Nova Gorica, Lab Astroparticle Phys, Nova Gorica, Slovenia. [Pastor, S.] Univ Valencia, CSIC, Inst Fis Corpuscular, Valencia, Spain. [Arganda, E.; Arqueros, F.; Blanco, F.; Garcia-Pinto, D.; Ortiz, M.; Rosado, J.; Vazquez, J. R.] Univ Complutense Madrid, Madrid, Spain. [Blanco, M.; del Peral, L.; Pacheco, N.; Rodriguez-Frias, M. D.; Ros, G.] Univ Alcala De Henares, Alcala De Henares, Madrid, Spain. [Bueno, A.; Garcia Gamez, D.; Gascon, A.; Lozano Bahilo, J.; Navarro, J. L.; Navas, S.; Zamorano, B.] Univ Granada, Granada, Spain. [Bueno, A.; Garcia Gamez, D.; Gascon, A.; Lozano Bahilo, J.; Navarro, J. L.; Navas, S.; Zamorano, B.] CAFPE, Granada, Spain. [Alvarez-Muniz, J.; Lopez Agueera, A.; Olmos-Gilbaja, V. M.; Parente, G.; Parra, A.; Pelayo, R.; Riggi, S.; Rodrigues de Carvalho, W.; Rodriguez, G.; Rodriguez-Cabo, I.; Tueros, M.; Valino, I.; Vazquez, R. A.; Yushkov, A.; Zas, E.] Univ Santiago de Compostela, Santiago De Compostela, Spain. [Mertsch, P.; Sarkar, S.] Univ Oxford, Rudolf Peierls Ctr Theoret Phys, Oxford, England. [Bruijn, R.; Cook, H.; Gozzini, S. R.; Knapp, J.; Parsons, R. D.; Watson, A. A.] Univ Leeds, Sch Phys & Astron, Leeds LS2 9JT, W Yorkshire, England. [Spinka, H.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Burton, R. E.; Covault, C. E.; Ferguson, A. P.] Case Western Reserve Univ, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. [Sarazin, F.; Schuster, D.; Wiencke, L.] Colorado Sch Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Brack, J.; Dorofeev, A.; Fracchiolla, C. E.; Gookin, B.; Harton, J. L.; Mostafa, M.; Petrov, Y.; Thomas, D.; Warner, D.] Colorado State Univ, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Brown, W. C.] Colorado State Univ, Pueblo, CO USA. [Ahn, E. J.; Chou, A.; Fazzini, N.; Glass, H.; Hojvat, C.; Kasper, P.; Kuehn, F.; Lebrun, P.; Mantsch, P.; Mazur, P. O.; Spinka, H.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL USA. [Keivani, A.; Matthews, J.; Shadkam, A.; Sutherland, M. S.; Yuan, G.] Louisiana State Univ, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Dhital, N.; Diaz, J. C.; Fick, B.; Kieckhafer, R. M.; Nitz, D.; Yapici, T.] Michigan Technol Univ, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. [Allen, J.; Chou, A.; Farrar, G.; Roberts, J.; Zaw, I.] NYU, New York, NY USA. [Paul, T.; Swain, J.] Northeastern Univ, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Allison, P.; Baughman, B.; Beatty, J. J.; Grashorn, E.; Griffith, N.; Morris, C.; Stapleton, J.; Sutherland, M. S.] Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Cheng, S. H.; Coutu, S.; Criss, A.; Sommers, P.; Ulrich, R.] Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Matthews, J.] Southern Univ, Baton Rouge, LA USA. [Bohacova, M.; Cronin, J.; San Luis, P. Facal; Hollon, N.; Ionita, F.; Kotera, K.; Monasor, M.; Olinto, A.; Privitera, P.; Rouille-d'Orfeuil, B.; Schmidt, F.; Williams, C.; Yamamoto, T.] Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Petermann, E.; Snow, G. R.] Univ Nebraska, Lincoln, NE USA. [Becker, B. R.; Gesterling, K.; Gold, M. S.; Hague, J. D.; Matthews, J. A. J.; Miller, W.; Phan, N.] Univ New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [BenZvi, S.; Pfendner, C.; Westerhoff, S.] Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI USA. [Anchordoqui, L.; Winders, L.] Univ Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA. [Diep, P. N.; Dong, P. N.; Nhung, P. T.; Thao, N. T.] INST, Hanoi, Vietnam. [Yamamoto, T.] Konan Univ, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan. RP Abreu, P (reprint author), LIP, P-1000 Lisbon, Portugal. EM auger_spokespersons@fnal.gov RI Petrolini, Alessandro/H-3782-2011; Blanco, Francisco/F-1131-2015; Conceicao, Ruben/L-2971-2014; Sao Carlos Institute of Physics, IFSC/USP/M-2664-2016; Beatty, James/D-9310-2011; Guarino, Fausto/I-3166-2012; Bonino, Raffaella/S-2367-2016; Rodriguez Frias, Maria /A-7608-2015; Oliva, Pietro/K-5915-2015; De Mitri, Ivan/C-1728-2017; Nosek, Dalibor/F-1129-2017; Insolia, Antonio/M-3447-2015; de Mello Neto, Joao/C-5822-2013; Lozano-Bahilo, Julio/F-4881-2016; scuderi, mario/O-7019-2014; zas, enrique/I-5556-2015; Sarkar, Subir/G-5978-2011; Arqueros, Fernando/K-9460-2014; Moura Santos, Edivaldo/K-5313-2016; Gouffon, Philippe/I-4549-2012; de Almeida, Rogerio/L-4584-2016; De Domenico, Manlio/B-5826-2014; Abreu, Pedro/L-2220-2014; Ros, German/L-4764-2014; Garcia Pinto, Diego/J-6724-2014; Di Giulio, Claudio/B-3319-2015; Prouza, Michael/F-8514-2014; Bueno, Antonio/F-3875-2015; Parente, Gonzalo/G-8264-2015; dos Santos, Eva/N-6351-2013; Alvarez-Muniz, Jaime/H-1857-2015; De Donato, Cinzia/J-9132-2015; Rosado, Jaime/K-9109-2014; Vazquez, Jose Ramon/K-2272-2015; Martello, Daniele/J-3131-2012; Cazon, Lorenzo/G-6921-2014; Schovanek, Petr/G-7117-2014; Vicha, Jakub/G-8440-2014; Travnicek, Petr/G-8814-2014; Smida, Radomir/G-6314-2014; Ridky, Jan/H-6184-2014; Chudoba, Jiri/G-7737-2014; Pastor, Sergio/J-6902-2014; Tome, Bernardo/J-4410-2013; Espirito Santo, Maria Catarina/L-2341-2014; Pimenta, Mario/M-1741-2013; de souza, Vitor/D-1381-2012; Chinellato, Jose Augusto/I-7972-2012; Yushkov, Alexey/A-6958-2013; Falcke, Heino/H-5262-2012; Ebr, Jan/H-8319-2012; Anjos, Joao/C-8335-2013; Nierstenhofer, Nils/H-3699-2013; Goncalves, Patricia /D-8229-2013; Assis, Pedro/D-9062-2013; Mandat, Dusan/G-5580-2014; Pech, Miroslav/G-5760-2014; Bohacova, Martina/G-5898-2014; Fauth, Anderson/F-9570-2012; D'Urso, Domenico/I-5325-2012; Todero Peixoto, Carlos Jose/G-3873-2012; Shellard, Ronald/G-4825-2012; Bleve, Carla/J-2521-2012; Brogueira, Pedro/K-3868-2012; Pesce, Roberto/G-5791-2011; Caramete, Laurentiu/C-2328-2011; Albuquerque, Ivone/H-4645-2012; Chinellato, Carola Dobrigkeit /F-2540-2011; Muller, Marcio Aparecido/H-9112-2012 OI Petrolini, Alessandro/0000-0003-0222-7594; Blanco, Francisco/0000-0003-4332-434X; Conceicao, Ruben/0000-0003-4945-5340; Beatty, James/0000-0003-0481-4952; Guarino, Fausto/0000-0003-1427-9885; Rodriguez Frias, Maria /0000-0002-2550-4462; Oliva, Pietro/0000-0002-3572-3255; De Mitri, Ivan/0000-0002-8665-1730; Nosek, Dalibor/0000-0001-6219-200X; Insolia, Antonio/0000-0002-9040-1566; de Mello Neto, Joao/0000-0002-3234-6634; Lozano-Bahilo, Julio/0000-0003-0613-140X; scuderi, mario/0000-0001-9026-5317; zas, enrique/0000-0002-4430-8117; Sarkar, Subir/0000-0002-3542-858X; Arqueros, Fernando/0000-0002-4930-9282; Moura Santos, Edivaldo/0000-0002-2818-8813; Gouffon, Philippe/0000-0001-7511-4115; de Almeida, Rogerio/0000-0003-3104-2724; De Domenico, Manlio/0000-0001-5158-8594; Abreu, Pedro/0000-0002-9973-7314; Ros, German/0000-0001-6623-1483; Garcia Pinto, Diego/0000-0003-1348-6735; Di Giulio, Claudio/0000-0002-0597-4547; Prouza, Michael/0000-0002-3238-9597; Bueno, Antonio/0000-0002-7439-4247; Parente, Gonzalo/0000-0003-2847-0461; dos Santos, Eva/0000-0002-0474-8863; Alvarez-Muniz, Jaime/0000-0002-2367-0803; De Donato, Cinzia/0000-0002-9725-1281; Rosado, Jaime/0000-0001-8208-9480; Vazquez, Jose Ramon/0000-0001-9217-5219; Martello, Daniele/0000-0003-2046-3910; Cazon, Lorenzo/0000-0001-6748-8395; Ridky, Jan/0000-0001-6697-1393; Tome, Bernardo/0000-0002-7564-8392; Espirito Santo, Maria Catarina/0000-0003-1286-7288; Pimenta, Mario/0000-0002-2590-0908; Chinellato, Jose Augusto/0000-0002-3240-6270; Falcke, Heino/0000-0002-2526-6724; Ebr, Jan/0000-0001-8807-6162; Goncalves, Patricia /0000-0003-2042-3759; Assis, Pedro/0000-0001-7765-3606; Fauth, Anderson/0000-0001-7239-0288; D'Urso, Domenico/0000-0002-8215-4542; Todero Peixoto, Carlos Jose/0000-0003-3669-8212; Shellard, Ronald/0000-0002-2983-1815; Brogueira, Pedro/0000-0001-6069-4073; Albuquerque, Ivone/0000-0001-7328-0136; Chinellato, Carola Dobrigkeit /0000-0002-1236-0789; NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 35 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0927-6505 J9 ASTROPART PHYS JI Astropart Phys. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 35 IS 10 BP 681 EP 684 DI 10.1016/j.astropartphys.2012.02.005 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 944RD UT WOS:000304220600010 ER PT J AU Cai, L Lu, J Sheen, V Wang, SF AF Cai, Lei Lu, Jie Sheen, Volney Wang, Shanfeng TI Optimal Poly(L-lysine) Grafting Density in Hydrogels for Promoting Neural Progenitor Cell Functions SO BIOMACROMOLECULES LA English DT Article ID POLY(ETHYLENE GLYCOL)/POLY(L-LYSINE) HYDROGELS; STEM-CELLS; POLY(PROPYLENE FUMARATE); POLYMER NETWORKS; PEG HYDROGELS; TISSUE; BEHAVIOR; DIFFERENTIATION; REGENERATION; ADHESION AB Recently, we have developed a photopolymerizable poly(L-lysine) (PLL) that can be covalently incorporated into poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA) hydrogels to improve their bioactivity by providing positive charges. To explore the potential of these PLL-grafted PEGDA hydrogels as a cell delivery vehicle and luminal filler in nerve guidance conduits for peripheral and central nerve regeneration, we varied the number of pendent PLL chains in the hydrogels by photo-cross-linking PEGDA with weight compositions of PLL (phi(PLL)) of 0, 1, 2, 3, and 5%. We further investigated the effect of PLL grafting density on E14 mouse neural progenitor cell (NPC) behavior including cell viability, attachment, proliferation, differentiation, and gene expression. The amount of actually grafted PLL and charge densities were characterized, showing a proportional increase with the feed composition phi(PLL). NPC viability in 3D hydrogels was significantly improved in a PLL grafting density-dependent manner at days 7 and 14 postencapsulation. Similarly, NPC attachment and proliferation were promoted on the PLL-grafted hydrogels with increasing phi(PLL) up to 2%. More intriguingly, NPC lineage commitment was dramatically altered by the amount of grafted PLL chains in the hydrogels. NPC differentiation demonstrated a parabolic or nonmonotonic dependence on phi(PLL) resulting in cells mostly differentiated toward mature neurons with extensive neurite formation and astrocytes rather than oligodendrocytes on the PLL-grafted hydrogels with phi(PLL) of 2%, whereas the neutral hydrogels and PLL-grafted hydrogels with higher phi(PLL) of 5% support NPC differentiation less. Gene expression of lineage markers further illustrated this trend, indicating that PLL-grafted hydrogels with an optimal phi(PLL) of 2% could be a promising cell carrier that promoted NPC functions for treatment of nerve injuries. C1 Univ Tennessee, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Beth Israel Deaconess Med Ctr, Dept Neurol, Boston, MA 02115 USA. EM swang16@utk.edu RI Cai, Lei/D-1589-2013; OI Lu, Jie/0000-0001-6843-9720 FU University of Tennessee; National Science Foundation [DMR-11-06142] FX This work was supported by the startup fund and professional development award from the University of Tennessee and partially by National Science Foundation (DMR-11-06142 to SW.). We thank Minfeng Jin and Dr. Federico M. Harte for assistance with zeta-potential measurements. NR 50 TC 23 Z9 25 U1 5 U2 44 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1525-7797 EI 1526-4602 J9 BIOMACROMOLECULES JI Biomacromolecules PD MAY PY 2012 VL 13 IS 5 BP 1663 EP 1674 DI 10.1021/bm300381d PG 12 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Organic; Polymer Science SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry; Polymer Science GA 941GL UT WOS:000303951600049 PM 22533450 ER PT J AU Raugei, S Chen, ST Ho, MH Ginovska-Pangovska, B Rousseau, RJ Dupuis, M DuBois, DL Bullock, RM AF Raugei, Simone Chen, Shentan Ho, Ming-Hsun Ginovska-Pangovska, Bojana Rousseau, Roger J. Dupuis, Michel DuBois, Daniel L. Bullock, R. Morris TI The Role of Pendant Amines in the Breaking and Forming of Molecular Hydrogen Catalyzed by Nickel Complexes SO CHEMISTRY-A EUROPEAN JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE amines; density functional calculations; homogeneous catalysis; hydrogen; nickel; reaction mechanisms ID COUPLED ELECTRON-TRANSFER; FRUSTRATED LEWIS PAIRS; DENSITY-FUNCTIONAL THEORY; H-2 PRODUCTION; PROTON RELAYS; FREE-ENERGY; OXIDATION; ACTIVATION; DYNAMICS; REACTIVITY AB We present the results of a comprehensive theoretical investigation of the role of pendant amine ligands in the oxidation of H2 and formation of H2 by [Ni(PR2NR'2)2]2+ electrocatalysts (PR2NR'2 is the 1,5-R'-3,7-R derivative of 1,5-diaza-3,7-diphosphacyclooctane, in which R and R' are aryl or alkyl groups). We focus our analysis on the thermal steps of the catalytic cycle, as they are known to be rate-determining for both H2 oxidation and production. We find that the presence of pendant amine functional groups greatly facilitates the heterolytic H2 bond cleavage, resulting in a protonated amine and a Ni hydride. Only one single positioned pendant amine is required to serve this function. The pendant amine can also effectively shuttle protons to the active site, making the redistribution of protons and the H2 evolution a very facile process. An important requirement for the overall catalytic process is the positioning of at least one amine in close proximity to the metal center. Indeed, only protonation of the pendant amines on the metal center side (endo position) leads to catalytically active intermediates, whereas protonation on the opposite side of the metal center (exo position) leads to a variety of isomers, which are detrimental to catalysis. C1 [Raugei, Simone; Chen, Shentan; Ho, Ming-Hsun; Ginovska-Pangovska, Bojana; Rousseau, Roger J.; Dupuis, Michel; DuBois, Daniel L.; Bullock, R. Morris] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Chem & Mat Sci Div, Ctr Mol Electrocatalysis, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Raugei, S (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Chem & Mat Sci Div, Ctr Mol Electrocatalysis, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM simone.raugei@pnnl.gov RI Rousseau, Roger/C-3703-2014; Bullock, R. Morris/L-6802-2016 OI Bullock, R. Morris/0000-0001-6306-4851 FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences; U.S. Department of Energy by Battelle [DE-AC06-76RLO1830]; Department of Energy's Office of Biological and Environmental Research; National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center (NERSC) at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; Oak Ridge Leadership Computing Facility at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory; Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC05-00OR22725] FX This research was carried out in the Center for Molecular Electrocatalysis, an Energy Frontier Research Center funded by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences. Pacific Northwest National Laboratory is operated for the U.S. Department of Energy by Battelle under Contract No. DE-AC06-76RLO1830. Computational resources were provided at W. R. Wiley Environmental Molecular Science Laboratory (EMSL), a national scientific user facility sponsored by the Department of Energy's Office of Biological and Environmental Research located at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory; the National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center (NERSC) at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; the Oak Ridge Leadership Computing Facility at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory (under an INCITE 2011 award), which is supported by the Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC05-00OR22725. NR 73 TC 57 Z9 57 U1 5 U2 88 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA BOSCHSTRASSE 12, D-69469 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 0947-6539 J9 CHEM-EUR J JI Chem.-Eur. J. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 18 IS 21 BP 6493 EP 6506 DI 10.1002/chem.201103346 PG 14 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 942LH UT WOS:000304045000015 PM 22532421 ER PT J AU Windler, GK Zhang, MX Zitterbart, R Pagoria, PF Vollhardt, KPC AF Windler, G. Kenneth Zhang, Mao-Xi Zitterbart, Robert Pagoria, Philip F. Vollhardt, K. Peter C. TI En Route to Dinitroacetylene: Nitro(trimethylsilyl)acetylene and Nitroacetylene Harnessed by Dicobalt Hexacarbonyl SO CHEMISTRY-A EUROPEAN JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE alkyne ligands; alkynes; cobalt; crystal structure determination; cycloaddition; organic explosives ID PAUSON-KHAND REACTION; TRANSITION METAL COMPLEXES; UBER ORGANOMETALL-KOMPLEXE; RAY CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; SUBSTITUTED ALKYNES; MOLECULAR-STRUCTURE; CARBONYL-COMPLEXES; COBALT COMPLEXES; N-OXIDE; STRUCTURAL-CHARACTERIZATION AB Dinitroacetylene and other nitroacetylenes are attractive stoichiometric precursors to high energy-density materials, but suffer from high reactivity and thermal instability. Herein, we report that nitroacetylenes can be dramatically stabilized in the form of their dicobalt hexacarbonyl complexes. In particular, we describe the syntheses and characterization of the first two transition-metal complexes of nitroalkynes, [mu-1-nitro-2-(trimethylsilyl)ethyne-1,2-diyl]bis(tricarbonylcobalt)(CoCo) and [mu-1-nitroethyne-1,2-diyl]bis(tricarbonylcobalt)(CoCo). The chemistry of these compounds reveals their potential as reaction partners in [2+2+2] cyclotrimerizations, furnishing nitroindane, nitrotetralin, and trinitrobenzene products. The X-ray crystal structure of 1,3,5-trinitro-2,4,6-tris(trimethylsilyl)benzene presents a distorted, yet planar, aromatic ring. C1 [Windler, G. Kenneth; Zitterbart, Robert; Vollhardt, K. Peter C.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Windler, G. Kenneth; Zhang, Mao-Xi; Pagoria, Philip F.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, High Explos Applicat Facil, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Vollhardt, KPC (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM kpcv@berkeley.edu FU Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory; National Science Foundation [CHE-0907800]; US Department of Energy by the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07A27344 (UCRL-JRNL-528395)]; University of California at Berkeley FX We thank Rudi Nunlist for his help in obtaining NMR spectra, Gary Hust for small scale safety testing data, Heidi Turner for the DSC and TGA measurements, and Dr. Philip Leonard for his assistance in the recording of the CV data and for many consultations. We are grateful to the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Lawrence Scholars Program (G. K. W.) and the National Science Foundation (CHE-0907800; K. P. C. V.) for funding. This work was performed in part under the auspices of the US Department of Energy by the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07A27344 (UCRL-JRNL-528395) and at the University of California at Berkeley. NR 206 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 3 U2 29 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA BOSCHSTRASSE 12, D-69469 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 0947-6539 J9 CHEM-EUR J JI Chem.-Eur. J. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 18 IS 21 BP 6588 EP 6603 DI 10.1002/chem.201200473 PG 16 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 942LH UT WOS:000304045000026 PM 22532431 ER PT J AU Krumm, RL Deo, M Petrick, M AF Krumm, Robert L. Deo, Milind Petrick, Mike TI Direct Thermal and Catalytic Treatment of Paraffinic Crude Oils and Heavy Fractions SO ENERGY & FUELS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Conference on Petroleum Phase Behavior and Fouling CY JUL 10-14, 2011 CL London, ENGLAND ID TECHNOLOGY AB With the continuously decreasing quality of crude oils, issues may arise with refining and transporting such oils. New technology must be developed to address these issues. Coupling a thermal cracker with a catalytic cracker in series was investigated as a possible method of directly treating heavy fractions as well as paraffinic whole crude oils. A potential application of this cracker configuration would be upstream treatment ofhigh pour point crudes to improve flowability. The idea was to deposit a fraction of the coke on the thermal medium that would otherwise be deposited on the catalyst, thereby extending the life of the catalyst. This concept was tested using two transport reactors, one with sand and the other with catalyst, and with three feedstocks, atmospheric residuals, fluid catalytic cracker feed, and a waxy crude oil. Product distributions were determined for variations in thermal and catalytic cracker residence times, cracker temperatures, feedstock type, and catalyst/oil ratios. The data gathered show that coupling a thermal and a catalytic cracker may provide some definite advantages. The typical liquid yields for the combined thermal and catalytic cracker ranged from around 50 to 75%. One of the experiments produced a bimodal distribution of hydrocarbons in the liquid products, with the first distribution being olefinic and the second distribution being paraffinic, with a 68.4% liquid yield. Promising results were obtained with a waxy crude oil, wherein 34.6% by weight of the liquid products was naphtha. C1 [Krumm, Robert L.; Deo, Milind] Univ Utah, Dept Chem Engn, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. [Petrick, Mike] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Krumm, RL (reprint author), Univ Utah, Dept Chem Engn, Room 3290,50 S Cent Campus Dr, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. EM krumm2032@gmail.com FU Argonne National Laboratory; Department of Energy FX We gratefully recognize those who helped with this research: Reza Sadeghbeigi, Lamont Tyler, Vince Memmott, Jim Vemich, Dave Wagner, Ryan Okerlund, Kohle Hansen, Nick Dahdah, and Pankaj Tiwari. We also thank Argonne National Laboratory and the Department of Energy for their financial support. NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 10 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0887-0624 EI 1520-5029 J9 ENERG FUEL JI Energy Fuels PD MAY PY 2012 VL 26 IS 5 BP 2663 EP 2671 DI 10.1021/ef2013985 PG 9 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 942TQ UT WOS:000304073000015 ER PT J AU Monazam, ER Siriwardane, R Breault, RW Tian, HJ Shadle, LJ Richards, G Carpenter, S AF Monazam, Esmail R. Siriwardane, Ranjani Breault, Ronald W. Tian, Hanjing Shadle, Lawrence J. Richards, George Carpenter, Stephen TI Kinetics of the Reduction of CuO/Bentonite by Methane (CH4) during Chemical Looping Combustion SO ENERGY & FUELS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Conference on Petroleum Phase Behavior and Fouling CY JUL 10-14, 2011 CL London, ENGLAND ID FIXED-BED REACTOR; OXYGEN CARRIER; COPPER-OXIDE; PHASE-CHANGE; SOLID FUELS; IRON-OXIDE; OXIDATION; PERFORMANCE; REACTIVITY; PARTICLES AB Chemical looping combustion (CLC) is a process that uses an oxygen-carrier metal, instead of air or pure oxygen, to provide oxygen for combustion. The products of CLC of methane are CO2 and H2O. After condensation of H2O, a concentrated CO2 gas stream is produced and ready for sequestration. An important issue for the CLC process is the selection of metal oxide as an oxygen carrier, because it must retain its reactivity through many cycles. In this study, isothermal thermogravimetric analysis is used to evaluate the rates of reduction of CuO impregnated in bentonite with methane (CH4) over the range 1023-1173 K for 20%, 50%, and 100% CH4 over 10 reduction cycles. The mechanism and reactivity of the CuO oxygen carrier were evaluated by 10 different rate models. The results indicate that the transformation kinetics described by the Johnson-Mehl-Avrami (JMA) model was the best fit. The Avrami exponent n ranges from 1.55 to 2.16. The average value of 1.77 indicates that the crystallization mechanism is mainly two-dimensional diffusion-controlled. The activation energy was estimated to be 37.3 +/- 1.3 kJ/mol. No deactivation was observed over 10 cycles at any CH4 concentration. In the first 10 reaction cycles, the reaction rates increased slightly with the increasing number of cycles. Moreover, the rate-time and rate-conversion curves for all the temperatures show that the maximum rate occurred at t > 0. This was confirmed by the outlet gas measurements. The experimental results suggested that the CuO/bentonite oxygen carrier is a promising candidate for the CLC system burning methane. C1 [Monazam, Esmail R.; Siriwardane, Ranjani; Breault, Ronald W.; Shadle, Lawrence J.; Richards, George] US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Morgantown, WV 26507 USA. [Monazam, Esmail R.] REM Engn Serv, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. [Tian, Hanjing; Carpenter, Stephen] URS Energy & Construct Inc, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. RP Breault, RW (reprint author), US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, 3610 Collins Ferry Rd, Morgantown, WV 26507 USA. EM ronald.breault@netl.doe.gov OI Shadle, Lawrence/0000-0002-6283-3628; Breault, Ronald/0000-0002-5552-4050 FU Department of Energy through office of Fossil Energy FX The authors acknowledge the Department of Energy for funding the research through the office of Fossil Energy's Gasification Technology and Advanced Research funding programs. NR 35 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 5 U2 50 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0887-0624 EI 1520-5029 J9 ENERG FUEL JI Energy Fuels PD MAY PY 2012 VL 26 IS 5 BP 2779 EP 2785 DI 10.1021/ef300072d PG 7 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 942TQ UT WOS:000304073000028 ER PT J AU Szybist, JP Chakravathy, K Daw, CS AF Szybist, James P. Chakravathy, Kalyana Daw, C. Stuart TI Analysis of the Impact of Selected Fuel Thermochemical Properties on Internal Combustion Engine Efficiency SO ENERGY & FUELS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Conference on Petroleum Phase Behavior and Fouling CY JUL 10-14, 2011 CL London, ENGLAND AB In this study we model the effects of 23 different fuels on First and Second Law thermodynamic efficiencies of an adiabatic internal combustion engine. First Law efficiency is calculated using the lower heating value (LHV), while Second Law efficiency is calculated with exergy, which represents the inherent chemical energy available to perform work. We find that First Law efficiency can deviate by as much as 9% between fuels while Second Law efficiency exhibits a much smaller degree of variability. We also find that First and Second Law efficiencies can be nearly the same for some fuels (methane and ethane) but differ substantially for other fuels (hydrogen and ethanol). The differences in First and Second Law efficiencies are due to differences in LHV and exergy for a given fuel. In order to clarify First Law efficiency differences between fuels, as well as the differences between LHV and exergy, we introduce a new term, the molar expansion ratio (MER), defined as the ratio of product moles to reactant moles for complete stoichiometric combustion. We find that the ME R reflects an important part of the physics behind fuel-specific efficiency differences as well as differences between First and Second Law efficiencies. We also discuss how First and Second Law efficiencies are affected by two other fuel-specific thermochemical properties, the ratio of specific heat and extent of dissociation in the reaction products following combustion. C1 [Szybist, James P.; Chakravathy, Kalyana; Daw, C. Stuart] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Fuels Engines & Emiss Res Ctr, Knoxville, TN 37932 USA. RP Szybist, JP (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Fuels Engines & Emiss Res Ctr, NTRC Bldg,2360 Cherahala Blvd, Knoxville, TN 37932 USA. EM szybistjp@ornl.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy [DE-AC05-00OR22725]; UT-Battelle, LLC. FX The research is sponsored by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Vehicle Technologies Program, under Contract No. DE-AC05-00OR22725 with UT-Battelle, LLC. NR 15 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 21 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0887-0624 EI 1520-5029 J9 ENERG FUEL JI Energy Fuels PD MAY PY 2012 VL 26 IS 5 BP 2798 EP 2810 DI 10.1021/ef2019879 PG 13 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 942TQ UT WOS:000304073000030 ER PT J AU Denholm, P King, JC Kutcher, CF Wilson, PPH AF Denholm, Paul King, Jeffrey C. Kutcher, Charles F. Wilson, Paul P. H. TI Decarbonizing the electric sector: Combining renewable and nuclear energy using thermal storage SO ENERGY POLICY LA English DT Article DE Renewable energy; Nuclear power; Energy storage AB Both renewable and nuclear energy can provide significant contributions to decarbonizing the electric sector. However, a grid employing large amounts of wind and solar energy requires the balance of the system to be highly flexible to respond to the increased variability of the net load. This makes deployment of conventional nuclear power challenging both due to the technical challenges of plant cycling and economic limits of reduced capacity factor. In the United States nuclear power plants generally provide constant, base load power and are most economic when operated at constant power levels. Operating nuclear power plants in load-following modes decreases the plants' annual energy output and increases the levelized cost of energy, decreasing economic competitiveness. One possible solution is to couple thermal energy storage to nuclear power plants. This would enable the reactor to remain at nearly constant output, while cycling the electrical generator in response to the variability of the net load. This paper conceptually explores combinations of wind, solar, and nuclear that can provide a large fraction of a system's electricity, assuming the use of thermal energy storage that would allow nuclear power to provide load following and cycling duty while operating at a constant reactor power output. (C) 2012 Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Denholm, Paul; Kutcher, Charles F.] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [King, Jeffrey C.] Colorado Sch Mines, Nucl Sci & Engn Program, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Wilson, Paul P. H.] Univ Wisconsin Madison, Dept Engn Phys, Madison, WI USA. RP Denholm, P (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, 1617 Cole Blvd, Golden, CO 80401 USA. EM paul.denholm@nrel.gov; kingjc@mines.edu; chuck.kutscher@nrel.gov; wilsonp@engr.wisc.edu RI King, Jeffrey/G-8382-2012 FU Joint Institute for Strategic Energy Analysis FX The authors acknowledge the support of the Joint Institute for Strategic Energy Analysis, which is operated by the Alliance for Sustainable Energy, LLC, on behalf of the U.S. Department of Energy's National Renewable Energy Laboratory, the University of Colorado-Boulder, the Colorado School of Mines, the Colorado State University, the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and Stanford University. The authors would also like to acknowledge Doug Arent, Trieu Mai, Robin Newmark, and Pat Statwick for helpful suggestions. NR 27 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 28 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0301-4215 J9 ENERG POLICY JI Energy Policy PD MAY PY 2012 VL 44 BP 301 EP 311 DI 10.1016/j.enpol.2012.01.055 PG 11 WC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies SC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 926RM UT WOS:000302848700028 ER PT J AU Sritrairat, S Peteet, DM Kenna, TC Sambrotto, R Kurdyla, D Guilderson, T AF Sritrairat, Sanpisa Peteet, Dorothy M. Kenna, Timothy C. Sambrotto, Ray Kurdyla, Dorothy Guilderson, Tom TI A history of vegetation, sediment and nutrient dynamics at Tivoli North Bay, Hudson Estuary, New York SO ESTUARINE COASTAL AND SHELF SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE paleoecology; tidal marshes; palynology; stable isotopes; nitrogen cycle; climate change; Medieval Warm period; Little Ice Age; European settlement; invasive species; Typha angustifolia; Phragmites australis; New York ID SOUTHEASTERN NEW-YORK; CHESAPEAKE BAY; PHRAGMITES-AUSTRALIS; TYPHA-ANGUSTIFOLIA; NEW-ENGLAND; HOLOCENE VEGETATION; COASTAL WETLANDS; PLANT DIVERSITY; ATLANTIC OCEAN; POLLEN RECORDS AB We conduct a stratigraphic paleoecological investigation at a Hudson River National Estuarine Research Reserve (HRNERR) site, Tivoli Bays, spanning the past 1100 years. Marsh sediment cores were analyzed for ecosystem changes using multiple proxies, including pollen, spores, macrofossils, charcoal, sediment bulk chemistry, and stable carbon and nitrogen isotopes. The results reveal climatic shifts such as the warm and dry Medieval Warm Period (MWP) followed by the cooler Little Ice Age (LIA), along with significant anthropogenic influence on the watershed ecosystem. A five-fold expansion of invasive species, including Typha angustifolia and Phragmites australis, is documented along with marked changes in sediment composition and nutrient input. During the last century, a ten-fold sedimentation rate increase due to land-use changes is observed. The large magnitude of shifts in vegetation, sedimentation, and nutrients during the last few centuries suggest that human activities have made the greatest impact to the marshes of the Hudson Estuary during the last millennium. Climate variability and ecosystem changes similar to those observed at other marshes in northeastern and mid-Atlantic estuaries, attest to the widespread regional signature recorded at Tivoli Bays. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Sritrairat, Sanpisa; Peteet, Dorothy M.; Kenna, Timothy C.; Sambrotto, Ray] Lamont Doherty Earth Observ, Palisades, NY 10964 USA. [Peteet, Dorothy M.] NASA, Goddard Inst Space Studies, New York, NY 10025 USA. [Kurdyla, Dorothy; Guilderson, Tom] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Sritrairat, S (reprint author), Lamont Doherty Earth Observ, 61 Rt 9 W, Palisades, NY 10964 USA. EM sanpisa@ldeo.columbia.edu FU New York Sea Grant; Hudson River National Estuarine Research Reserves Graduate Fellowship; National Estuarine Research Reserves Fellowship; Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory Climate Center FX The project was funded by New York Sea Grant and Hudson River National Estuarine Research Reserves Graduate Fellowship, the National Estuarine Research Reserves Fellowship, and the Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory Climate Center. Thanks to Betsy Blair, Chuck Nieder, Geof Eckerlin, and Sarah Fernald who facilitated our field work. We also thank Eric Kiviat and an anonymous reviewer for input and discussion on modern vegetation and history. NR 86 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 37 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0272-7714 J9 ESTUAR COAST SHELF S JI Estuar. Coast. Shelf Sci. PD MAY 1 PY 2012 VL 102 BP 24 EP 35 DI 10.1016/j.ecss.2012.03.003 PG 12 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography GA 936ZN UT WOS:000303628900003 ER PT J AU Gomez, V Corbella, M Fernandez, G Roubeau, O Teat, SJ Maestro, MA AF Gomez, Veronica Corbella, Montserrat Fernandez, Gema Roubeau, Olivier Teat, Simon J. Maestro, Miguel A. TI Aliphatic Dicarboxylate Ligands Assemble Weakly Coupled Molecular Pairs of [MnIII]2 Units SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF INORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Manganese; Magnetic properties; Molecular assembly ID BINUCLEAR MANGANESE(III) COMPLEXES; POTENTIAL BIOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE; TERMINAL MONODENTATE LIGANDS; TETRADENTATE SCHIFF-BASE; MAGNETIC-PROPERTIES; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; DINUCLEAR MANGANESE; STRUCTURAL-CHARACTERIZATION; REDOX PROPERTIES; ACTIVE-SITE AB Seven new tetranuclear MnIII compounds have been obtained by assembling two dinuclear units, [{Mn(L)(NN)}2(mu-O)]4+, with aliphatic dicarboxylate ligands COO(CH2)nCOO2: succinato (n = 2, C42), glutarato (n = 3, C52) and adipato (n = 4, C62), and NN = 2,2'-bipyridine (bpy) or 1,10-phenanthroline (phen). The general formula for these compounds is [{Mn(L)(NN)}4(mu-Cm)2(mu-O)2]X4 [X = ClO4, NN = bpy and Cm = C4 (1), C5 (2) and C6 (3); X = ClO4, NN = phen and Cm = C4 (4), C5 (5) and C6 (6); X = NO3, NN = bpy and Cm = C5 (7)]. Compounds 1, 2 and 4 were characterized by X-ray diffraction, which confirmed the assembly of two dinuclear entities. The magnetic properties of the seven compounds were studied and the results indicate that the main interaction takes place within the dinuclear units. Compound 4 shows a dominant ferromagnetic coupling with J = 4.0 cm1, while the rest of compounds display antiferromagnetic couplings with J values of 2.8 (1), 1.9 (2), 3.3 (3), 0.3 (5), 0.4 (6) and 9.3 cm1 (7), which are all in agreement with magneto-structural correlations. In the case of compound 4, a weak but significant antiferromagnetic coupling of the S = 4 [MnIII]2 subunits with an interaction constant of 0.9 cm1 was observed. C1 [Gomez, Veronica; Corbella, Montserrat; Fernandez, Gema] Univ Barcelona, Dept Quim Inorgan, Barcelona 08028, Spain. [Roubeau, Olivier] CSIC, ICMA, E-50009 Zaragoza, Spain. [Roubeau, Olivier] Univ Zaragoza, E-50009 Zaragoza, Spain. [Teat, Simon J.] Berkeley Lab, Adv Light Source, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Maestro, Miguel A.] Univ A Coruna, Dept Quim Fundamental, La Coruna 15071, Spain. RP Gomez, V (reprint author), Univ Barcelona, Dept Quim Inorgan, Av Diagonal 645, Barcelona 08028, Spain. EM veronica.gomez@qi.ub.es; montse.corbella@qi.ub.es RI Corbella, Montserrat/I-3667-2014; Maestro, Miguel/H-5194-2015; Roubeau, Olivier/A-6839-2010; Gomez, Veronica/A-4287-2017 OI Corbella, Montserrat/0000-0002-7281-7576; Maestro, Miguel/0000-0001-8922-8033; Roubeau, Olivier/0000-0003-2095-5843; Gomez, Veronica/0000-0001-9768-0724 FU Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion (MICINN) [CTQ2009-07264/BQU, BES-2007-15668]; Comissio Interdepartamental de Recerca i Innovacio Tecnologica of la Generalitat de Catalunya (CIRIT) [2009-SGR1454]; Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX This work was supported by the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion (MICINN) through project CTQ2009-07264/BQU and PhD grant BES-2007-15668 (to V. G.) and the Comissio Interdepartamental de Recerca i Innovacio Tecnologica of la Generalitat de Catalunya (CIRIT) (2009-SGR1454). The Advanced Light Source is supported by the Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences of the U.S. Department of Energy under contract number DE-AC02-05CH11231. NR 53 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 8 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA BOSCHSTRASSE 12, D-69469 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 1434-1948 J9 EUR J INORG CHEM JI Eur. J. Inorg. Chem. PD MAY PY 2012 IS 14 BP 2359 EP 2367 DI 10.1002/ejic.201200027 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA 935DA UT WOS:000303497900005 ER PT J AU Xie, J Wang, GJ Yow, L Humayun, MS Weiland, JD Cela, CJ Jadvar, H Lazzi, G Dhrami-Gavazi, E Tsang, SH AF Xie, John Wang, Gene-Jack Yow, Lindy Humayun, Mark S. Weiland, James D. Cela, Carlos J. Jadvar, Hossein Lazzi, Gianluca Dhrami-Gavazi, Elona Tsang, Stephen H. TI Preservation of retinotopic map in retinal degeneration SO EXPERIMENTAL EYE RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE 2-deoxy-2-[F-18]fluoro-D-glucose; positron emission tomography; transcorneal electrical stimulation; retinal degeneration; primary visual cortex; retinotopic map ID ELECTRICALLY-EVOKED RESPONSE; HUMAN VISUAL-CORTEX; RETINITIS-PIGMENTOSA; MORPHOMETRIC-ANALYSIS; MACULAR DEGENERATION; FUNCTIONAL MRI; SYSTEM EER; STIMULATION; HUMANS; REORGANIZATION AB Retinal degenerations trigger the loss of photoreceptors and cause the remaining de-afferented neural retina to undergo remodeling. Concerns over this potential retinal synaptic reorganization following visual loss have raised questions regarding the usefulness of visual restoration via retinal electrical stimulation. We have used quantitative positron emission tomography (PET) and 2-deoxy-2-[F-18]fluoro-D-glucose (FDG) to objectively evaluate the connection between the retina and the primary visual cortex under both light and transcorneal electrical stimulation (TcES) in five subjects with retinal degeneration (RD) who have had more than ten years of light-perception-only best visual acuity and five age-matched normal-sighted controls. All subjects underwent quantitative PET with FDG as the metabolic tracer during stimulation of the right eye under both light stimulation condition and transcorneal electrical stimulation (TcES) using ERG-jet contact lens electrode. Cortical activation maps from each stimulation condition were obtained using statistical parametric mapping. TcES phosphene threshold current and qualitative visual cortex activation from both stimulation conditions were compared between the two subject groups. Average phosphene threshold current was 0.72 +/- 0.18 mA for the five normal-sighted controls and 3.08 +/- 2.01 mA for the retinal degenerative subjects. Phosphene threshold current was significantly higher in retinal degenerative subjects compared to normal-sighted controls (p < 0.05). We found both light stimulation and TcES resulted in retinotopically mapped primary visual cortex activation in both groups. In addition, the patterns of early visual area activation between the two subject groups are more similar during TcES than light stimulation. Our findings suggest primary visual cortex continues to maintain its retinotopy in RD subjects despite prolonged visual loss. (c) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Xie, John; Yow, Lindy; Humayun, Mark S.; Weiland, James D.; Jadvar, Hossein] Univ So Calif, Doheny Eye Inst, Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA. [Wang, Gene-Jack] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Med, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Cela, Carlos J.; Lazzi, Gianluca] Univ Utah, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Salt Lake City, UT USA. [Dhrami-Gavazi, Elona; Tsang, Stephen H.] Columbia Univ, Med Ctr, Edward S Harkness Eye Inst, Bernard & Shirlee Brown Glaucoma Lab, New York, NY USA. RP Xie, J (reprint author), Univ So Calif, Doheny Eye Inst, 1355 San Pablo St,DVRC-100, Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA. EM john.jianxie@gmail.com FU US Department of Energy [DE-FC02-04ER63735]; National Science Foundation [CBET-0917458] FX This research was supported in part by the US Department of Energy under grant DE-FC02-04ER63735, and in part by the National Science Foundation under grant CBET-0917458. We are especially grateful to Professor Rando Allikmets for genotyping studies and members of the Division of Ophthalmic Imaging at the Edward S. Harkness Eye Institute of Columbia University Medical Center for their support. NR 40 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 6 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0014-4835 J9 EXP EYE RES JI Exp. Eye Res. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 98 BP 88 EP 96 DI 10.1016/j.exer.2012.03.017 PG 9 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA 944DG UT WOS:000304178000013 PM 22685713 ER PT J AU Chen, CK Mungall, CJ Gkoutos, GV Doelken, SC Kohler, S Ruef, BJ Smith, C Westerfield, M Robinson, PN Lewis, SE Schofield, PN Smedley, D AF Chen, Chao-Kung Mungall, Christopher J. Gkoutos, Georgios V. Doelken, Sandra C. Koehler, Sebastian Ruef, Barbara J. Smith, Cynthia Westerfield, Monte Robinson, Peter N. Lewis, Suzanna E. Schofield, Paul N. Smedley, Damian TI MouseFinder: Candidate Disease Genes from Mouse Phenotype Data SO HUMAN MUTATION LA English DT Article DE phenotype; candidate disease genes; model organism; mouse ID GENOME DATABASE; ONTOLOGIES; RESOURCE; ARTEMIN AB Mouse phenotype data represents a valuable resource for the identification of disease-associated genes, especially where the molecular basis is unknown and there is no clue to the candidate gene's function, pathway involvement or expression pattern. However, until recently these data have not been systematically used due to difficulties in mapping between clinical features observed in humans and mouse phenotype annotations. Here, we describe a semantic approach to solve this problem and demonstrate highly significant recall of known disease-gene associations and orthology relationships. A Web application (MouseFinder; www.mousemodels.org) has been developed to allow users to search the results of our whole-phenome comparison of human and mouse. We demonstrate its use in identifying ARTN as a strong candidate gene within the 1p34.1-p32 mapped locus for a hereditary form of ptosis. Hum Mutat 33: 858-866, 2012. (C) 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 [Chen, Chao-Kung; Smedley, Damian] European Bioinformat Inst, Vertebrate Genom Team, Cambridge CB10 1SD, England. [Mungall, Christopher J.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Genom Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Gkoutos, Georgios V.] Univ Cambridge, Dept Genet, Cambridge CB2 3EH, England. [Doelken, Sandra C.; Koehler, Sebastian; Robinson, Peter N.] Charite, Computat Biol Grp, Inst Med & Human Genet, D-13353 Berlin, Germany. [Doelken, Sandra C.; Robinson, Peter N.] Max Planck Inst Mol Genet, Res Grp Mundlos, D-14195 Berlin, Germany. [Koehler, Sebastian; Robinson, Peter N.] Charite, Berlin Ctr Regenerat Therapies, D-13353 Berlin, Germany. [Ruef, Barbara J.; Westerfield, Monte] Univ Oregon, Inst Neurosci, ZFIN, Eugene, OR 97403 USA. [Smith, Cynthia; Schofield, Paul N.] Jackson Lab, Bar Harbor, ME 04609 USA. [Schofield, Paul N.] Univ Cambridge, Dept Physiol Dev & Neurosci, Cambridge, England. RP Smedley, D (reprint author), European Bioinformat Inst, Vertebrate Genom Team, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Cambridge CB10 1SD, England. EM damian@ebi.ac.uk RI Kohler, Sebastian/A-2029-2012; Smith, Cynthia/A-5646-2009; OI Kohler, Sebastian/0000-0002-5316-1399; Ruef, Barbara/0000-0001-8690-979X; Lewis, Suzanna/0000-0002-8343-612X; Smith, Cynthia/0000-0003-3691-0324; Robinson, Peter/0000-0002-0736-9199 FU Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; NIH [HG004838-02] FX Contract grant sponsor: Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy (DE-AC02-05CH11231); NIH R01 (HG004838-02). NR 23 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1059-7794 J9 HUM MUTAT JI Hum. Mutat. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 33 IS 5 SI SI BP 858 EP 866 DI 10.1002/humu.22051 PG 9 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA 941ZK UT WOS:000304008400012 PM 22331800 ER PT J AU Ma, CYT Yau, DKY Yip, NK Rao, NSV Chen, JM AF Ma, Chris Y. T. Yau, David K. Y. Yip, Nung Kwan Rao, Nageswara S. V. Chen, Jiming TI Stochastic Steepest Descent Optimization of Multiple-Objective Mobile Sensor Coverage SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON VEHICULAR TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Mobile sensor network; multiple-objective optimization; steepest descent ID FINITE MARKOV CHAINS; GLOBAL OPTIMIZATION; NETWORKS AB We propose a steepest descent method to compute optimal control parameters for balancing between multiple performance objectives in stateless stochastic scheduling, wherein the scheduling decision is effected by a simple constant-time coin toss operation only. We apply our method to the scheduling of a mobile sensor's coverage time among a set of points of interest (PoIs). The coverage algorithm is guided by a Markov chain, wherein the sensor at PoI i decides to go to the next PoI j with transition probability p(ij). We use steepest descent to compute the transition probabilities for optimal tradeoff among different performance goals with regard to the distributions of per-PoI coverage times and exposure times and the entropy and energy efficiency of sensor movement. For computational efficiency, we show how we can optimally adapt the step size in steepest descent to achieve fast convergence. However, we found that the structure of our problem is complex, because there may exist surprisingly many local optima in the solution space, causing basic steepest descent to easily get stuck at a local optimum. To solve the problem, we show how proper incorporation of noise in the search process can get us out of the local optima with high probability. We provide simulation results to verify the accuracy of our analysis and show that our method can converge to the globally optimal control parameters under different assigned weights to the performance goals and different initial parameters. C1 [Ma, Chris Y. T.; Yau, David K. Y.] Adv Digital Sci Ctr, Singapore 138632, Singapore. [Yau, David K. Y.] Purdue Univ, Dept Comp Sci, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Yip, Nung Kwan] Purdue Univ, Dept Math, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Rao, Nageswara S. V.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Comp Sci & Math Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Chen, Jiming] Zhejiang Univ, Dept Control Sci & Engn, Hangzhou 310027, Peoples R China. [Chen, Jiming] Zhejiang Univ, State Key Lab Ind Control Technol, Hangzhou 310027, Peoples R China. RP Ma, CYT (reprint author), Adv Digital Sci Ctr, Singapore 138632, Singapore. EM chris.ma@adsc.com.sg; yau@cs.purdue.edu; yip@math.purdue.edu; raons@ornl.gov; jmchen@ieee.org OI Rao, Nageswara/0000-0002-3408-5941 FU U.S. National Science Foundation [CNS-0964086]; National Natural Science Foundation of China [61028007]; Office of Advanced Computing Research, U.S. Department of Energy FX This work was supported in part by the U.S. National Science Foundation under Grant CNS-0964086; the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant 61028007; and the Office of Advanced Computing Research, U.S. Department of Energy, through the Mathematics of Complex, Distributed, Interconnected Systems Program. The review of this paper was coordinated by Prof. V. W. S. Wong. NR 24 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 7 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-9545 EI 1939-9359 J9 IEEE T VEH TECHNOL JI IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 61 IS 4 BP 1810 EP 1822 DI 10.1109/TVT.2012.2189591 PG 13 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications; Transportation Science & Technology SC Engineering; Telecommunications; Transportation GA 943AY UT WOS:000304094000030 ER PT J AU Court, B Bandilla, KW Celia, MA Buscheck, TA Nordbotten, JM Dobossy, M Janzen, A AF Court, Benjamin Bandilla, Karl W. Celia, Michael A. Buscheck, Thomas A. Nordbotten, Jan M. Dobossy, Mark Janzen, Adam TI Initial evaluation of advantageous synergies associated with simultaneous brine production and CO2 geological sequestration SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GREENHOUSE GAS CONTROL LA English DT Article DE CO2 capture and sequestration; Brine production; Synergies; Pressure management; Area of Review; Injectivity; CO2 and brine leakage risk; Water management; Risk mitigation ID DEEP SALINE AQUIFERS; SEDIMENTARY BASIN; CARBON-DIOXIDE; STORAGE; LEAKAGE; PRESSURE; INJECTION; FLOW; WELLS; EQUILIBRIUM AB Mitigation of global atmospheric carbon emissions requires a worldwide ramping up of CO2 capture and sequestration (CCS) implementation in the next decades. While CCS could be deployed in isolation, there is also the possibility to consider CO2 injection within a much broader framework of reservoir and resource management including active water (brine) management. The goal of this study is to provide an initial analysis of three identified synergies related to active brine management in CCS operations. The potential advantages of coupling simultaneous brine production to a large-scale CO2 geological sequestration operation are explored through three separate modeling studies. Our results demonstrate that brine production can provide important pressure-control benefits, including increased injectivity potential through reduction of the injection well pressure, significant reduction of the extent of the Area of Review, within which operators must procure property rights and monitor and remediate potential leakage pathways, and reduction in the risk of CO2 and brine leakage. The latter is especially important in reservoirs, like many in North America, where a significant number of potential leakage pathways, particularly abandoned wells, may exist within the Area of Review. We also observe that brine production has minimal impact on the overall shape of the CO2 plume, with plume shape and extent strongly governed by formation parameters. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Court, Benjamin; Bandilla, Karl W.; Celia, Michael A.; Nordbotten, Jan M.; Dobossy, Mark; Janzen, Adam] Princeton Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Buscheck, Thomas A.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Nordbotten, Jan M.] Univ Bergen, Dept Math, N-5007 Bergen, Norway. [Dobossy, Mark; Janzen, Adam] Geol Storage Consultants LLC, Rosemount, MN USA. RP Court, B (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, E223 Equad, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. EM benjamincourt@alumni.princeton.edu FU Carbon Mitigation Initiative at Princeton University; Environmental Protection Agency [RD-83438501]; National Science Foundation [EAR-0934722]; USDOE Fossil Energy, National Energy Technology Laboratory FX This work was supported in part by the Carbon Mitigation Initiative at Princeton University and by the Environmental Protection Agency under Cooperative Agreement RD-83438501, as well as the National Science Foundation under Grant EAR-0934722. Thomas Buscheck was sponsored by USDOE Fossil Energy, National Energy Technology Laboratory, managed by Andrea McNemar. NR 62 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 13 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1750-5836 J9 INT J GREENH GAS CON JI Int. J. Greenh. Gas Control PD MAY PY 2012 VL 8 BP 90 EP 100 DI 10.1016/j.ijggc.2011.12.009 PG 11 WC GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Environmental SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 941NT UT WOS:000303970600010 ER PT J AU Middleton, RS Keating, GN Viswanathan, HS Stauffer, PH Pawar, RJ AF Middleton, Richard S. Keating, Gordon N. Viswanathan, Hari S. Stauffer, Philip H. Pawar, Rajesh J. TI Effects of geologic reservoir uncertainty on CO2 transport and storage infrastructure SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GREENHOUSE GAS CONTROL LA English DT Article DE CO2 storage; Infrastructure; System modelling; Optimization Uncertainty; Saline aquifers ID CCS INFRASTRUCTURE; SEQUESTRATION SITE; CARBON CAPTURE; SYSTEM MODEL; DEPLOYMENT; COST AB CO2 capture and storage (CCS) is a climate-change mitigation technology that can significantly reduce greenhouse gas emissions in the near future. To have a meaningful impact, CCS infrastructure will have to be deployed on a massive scale: in the U.S. this will require capturing CO2 from hundreds of fossil fuel power plants and building a dedicated pipeline network to transport a volume of CO2 greater than domestic oil consumption. In this paper, we analyze the effect of geologic reservoir uncertainty on constructing CCS infrastructure-geologic uncertainty can impact reservoir cost and capacity estimates by as much as an order of magnitude. This uncertainty propagates through the capture-transport-storage system, influencing decisions including where and how much CO2 should be captured. We demonstrate the effect of geologic uncertainty using a proposed oil shale industry that could generate tens of millions of tonnes of CO2 each year. We show that uncertainty can make transport and storage costs deviate by over 100% and that CCS infrastructure, particularly the optimal pipeline network, can considerably diverge spatially. Finally, we draw conclusions on how geologic uncertainty may end up being a driving factor on how major industries decide to manage produced CO2. (C) 2012 Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Middleton, Richard S.; Keating, Gordon N.; Viswanathan, Hari S.; Stauffer, Philip H.; Pawar, Rajesh J.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Earth & Environm Sci, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Middleton, RS (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Earth & Environm Sci, MS D452,POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM rsm@lanl.gov RI Middleton, Richard/A-5470-2011; OI Middleton, Richard/0000-0002-8039-6601; Stauffer, Philip/0000-0002-6976-221X FU DOE Office of Naval Petroleum and Oil Shale Reserves; DOE Office of Fossil Energy through the NETL FX The study of carbon management for oil shale production in the Piceance Basin was performed as part of a larger feasibility study of oil shale development within environmental constraints funded by the DOE Office of Naval Petroleum and Oil Shale Reserves. Ongoing development of the SimCCS and CO2-PENS models was funded by DOE Office of Fossil Energy through the NETL Carbon Program. NR 43 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 2 U2 20 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1750-5836 J9 INT J GREENH GAS CON JI Int. J. Greenh. Gas Control PD MAY PY 2012 VL 8 BP 132 EP 142 DI 10.1016/j.ijggc.2012.02.005 PG 11 WC GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Environmental SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 941NT UT WOS:000303970600014 ER PT J AU Bandilla, KW Kraemer, SR Birkholzer, JT AF Bandilla, Karl W. Kraemer, Stephen R. Birkholzer, Jens T. TI Using semi-analytic solutions to approximate the area of potential impact for carbon dioxide injection SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GREENHOUSE GAS CONTROL LA English DT Article DE Area of potential impact; Geologic carbon sequestration; Threshold critical pressure increase; CO2 plume extent ID CO2; SEQUESTRATION; STORAGE; TECHNOLOGIES; AQUIFERS AB This study examines using the threshold critical pressure increase and the extent of the carbon dioxide (CO2) plume to delineate the area of potential impact (AoPI) for geologic CO2 storage projects. The combined area covering both the CO2 plume and the region where the pressure is greater than the threshold critical pressure increase is defined as the AoPI. The threshold critical pressure increase is defined as the pressure needed to lift formation brine up the length of an unplugged well to an underground source of drinking water. Using parameter values based on existing and planned CO2 injection sites, in combination with a simple conceptual model, semi-analytic solutions are used to find the radial pressure response and spread of the CO2 plume. A set of sensitivity analyses investigates the parameters that have the strongest impact on the size of the AoPI. The sensitivity analyses show that the injection formation salinity and the vertical distance between injection formation and drinking water source have a strong impact on the threshold critical pressure increase. In addition, the formation permeability has a strong impact on the radius at which the threshold critical pressure is reached, as does the amount of diffuse leakage into neighboring formations. The radius of the CO2 plume is mainly impacted by the available storage space (thickness and porosity), the formation permeability and the injection rate. The radius of the AoPI is determined by the threshold critical pressure increase in about half of 1458 sensitivity cases, the rest are determined by the maximum extent of the free phase CO2 plume. When brine leakage into and through the cap rock is considered, the size of the AoPI is determined by the threshold critical pressure increase for only about 29% of the cases. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Bandilla, Karl W.] US EPA, Natl Res Council, ORD, Athens, GA 30605 USA. [Birkholzer, Jens T.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Bandilla, KW (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. EM karl.bandilla@gmail.com RI Birkholzer, Jens/C-6783-2011 OI Birkholzer, Jens/0000-0002-7989-1912 FU US Environmental Protection Agency's Office of Research and Development Laboratory in Athens, GA FX Karl Bandilla's research was administered through the National Research Council's Research Associateship Program, with funding supplied by the US Environmental Protection Agency's Office of Research and Development Laboratory in Athens, GA. The authors would like to thank Quanlin Zhou of Lawrence Berkley National Laboratory for help implementing the equations of state for brine and CO2. The Python code CAMELOT (code.google.com/p/camelotpy) was used for all the calculations of this study. This paper has been reviewed in accordance with the US Environmental Protection Agency's peer and administrative review policies and approved for publication. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 27 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 13 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1750-5836 J9 INT J GREENH GAS CON JI Int. J. Greenh. Gas Control PD MAY PY 2012 VL 8 BP 196 EP 204 DI 10.1016/j.ijggc.2012.02.009 PG 9 WC GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Environmental SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 941NT UT WOS:000303970600019 ER PT J AU Ogden, MD Sinkov, SI Lumetta, GJ Nash, KL AF Ogden, Mark D. Sinkov, Serguei I. Lumetta, Gregg J. Nash, Kenneth L. TI Affinity of An(VI) for N-4-Tetradentate Donor Ligands: Complexation of the Actinyl(VI) Ions with N-4-Tetradentate Ligands SO JOURNAL OF SOLUTION CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Plutonium(VI); Uranium(VI); Complexation; Nitrogen donor ligands; Non-aqueous media ID CHEMISTRY; PYRIDYL; PU(VI); U(VI) AB In this report the affinity of four N-4-tetradentate ligands that incorporate the 2-methylpyridyl functionality with hexavalent actinides has been investigated in methanol solution. The ligands studied include N,N'-bis(2-methylpyridyl)diaminoethane (BPMDAE), N,N'-bis(2-methylpyridyl)-1,3-diaminopropane (BPMDAP), N,N'-bis(2-pyridylmethyl)piperazine (BPMPIP), and trans-N,N-bis(2-pyridylmethyl)-1,2-diaminocyclohexane (BPMDAC). Conditional stability constants describing the strength of the interaction were determined by UV-visible spectrophotometry. The log(10) (101) values for both U(VI) and Pu(VI) are comparable and show the same trend of stability with ligand structure. Dinuclear complexes are also indicated as being important. The log(10) (201) values for Pu(VI) complexation with the N-4-ligands are identical for the four ligands (within experimental error), indicating that the structure of the ligand backbone has little effect on the stability of the (PuO2)(2)L2+ complex. The exception to this trend is the behavior of N,N'-bis(2-pyridylmethyl)piperazine (BPMPIP) with Pu(VI). This ligand displays a tendency to reduce Pu(VI) within the experimental time frame of 45 minutes. BPMPIP is the only ligand tested that contains tertiary amines in the ligand backbone. The decomposition of BPMPIP by Pu(VI) suggests a susceptibility of tertiary amines to oxidative degradation. C1 [Ogden, Mark D.; Nash, Kenneth L.] Washington State Univ, Dept Chem, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Sinkov, Serguei I.; Lumetta, Gregg J.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99354 USA. RP Nash, KL (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Dept Chem, POB 644630, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM mark.ogden@ansto.gov.au; knash@wsu.edu FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Nuclear Energy, Nuclear Energy Research Initiative Consortium (NERI-C) [DE-FG07-07ID14896] FX This research was conducted at WSU and PNNL with funding provided by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Nuclear Energy, Nuclear Energy Research Initiative Consortium (NERI-C) program under project number DE-FG07-07ID14896. NR 20 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 16 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0095-9782 J9 J SOLUTION CHEM JI J. Solut. Chem. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 41 IS 4 BP 616 EP 629 DI 10.1007/s10953-012-9827-2 PG 14 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 943YZ UT WOS:000304165400005 ER PT J AU Zhou, Y Chowdhury, M Wang, KC Bhide, V Fries, R AF Zhou, Yan Chowdhury, Mashrur Wang, Kuang-Ching Bhide, Vikram Fries, Ryan TI Online Traffic Surveillance: Impact of Wireless Communication on Video Quality SO JOURNAL OF TRANSPORTATION ENGINEERING-ASCE LA English DT Article DE Real-time traffic surveillance; Jitter; Packet rate; Multiple video streaming AB The current wireless technological advancements in video surveillance are bound to shape the future of online traffic monitoring applications for intelligent transportation systems. The authors present the effect of using 802.11 b/g wireless technology on real-time traffic surveillance systems. Although numerous studies have focused on studying the quality requirements for video streaming using a simulation environment, there is limited information on such performance in a real world environment. This study analyzed key video quality parameters, including packet jitter and packet rate, suggesting necessary guidelines for the transportation agency personnel to use when evaluating and selecting surveillance and communication tools. Study of the packet jitter showed that jitter and skipped video are strongly correlated with one another. Moreover, tolerated jitter ranges were identified that would ensure smooth traffic surveillance video. Findings indicated that to avoid jitter-related problems and to minimize the discontinuity of surveillance video, a 1-s play-out buffer size should be added to traffic surveillance communication systems. Analysis of packet rate suggested that an average value of 23 packets/s can ensure smooth video continuity for traffic surveillance applications. Further analysis of multiple surveillance videos streaming simultaneously revealed the importance of knowing the available bandwidth for video transmission. Multiple video streaming over a wireless network indicated that the available bandwidth plays an important role in deciding the perceptual quality of the video. DOI: 10.1061/(ASCE)TE.1943-5436.0000342. (C) 2012 American Society of Civil Engineers. C1 [Chowdhury, Mashrur; Wang, Kuang-Ching] Clemson Univ, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. [Zhou, Yan] Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Transportat Res, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Fries, Ryan] So Illinois Univ, Edwardsville, IL 62025 USA. RP Chowdhury, M (reprint author), Clemson Univ, 216 Lowry Hall, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. EM yzhou@anl.gov; mac@clemson.edu; kwang@clemson.edu; vbhide@clemson.edu; rfries@siue.edu FU South Carolina Department of Transportation (SCDOT) FX The researchers would like to acknowledge South Carolina Department of Transportation (SCDOT) for providing a traffic surveillance system and funding for this study. NR 23 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 8 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 0733-947X J9 J TRANSP ENG-ASCE JI J. Transp. Eng.-ASCE PD MAY PY 2012 VL 138 IS 5 BP 512 EP 519 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)TE.1943-5436.0000342 PG 8 WC Engineering, Civil; Transportation Science & Technology SC Engineering; Transportation GA 941BO UT WOS:000303937200003 ER PT J AU Viana, PTP da Silva, A Ramos, EPRG Liddle, AR Lloyd-Davies, EJ Romer, AK Kay, ST Collins, CA Hilton, M Hosmer, M Hoyle, B Mayers, JA Mehrtens, N Miller, CJ Sahlen, M Stanford, SA Stott, JP AF Viana, Pedro T. P. da Silva, Antonio Ramos, Elsa P. R. G. Liddle, Andrew R. Lloyd-Davies, E. J. Romer, A. Kathy Kay, Scott T. Collins, Chris A. Hilton, Matt Hosmer, Mark Hoyle, Ben Mayers, Julian A. Mehrtens, Nicola Miller, Christopher J. Sahlen, Martin Stanford, S. Adam Stott, John P. TI The XMM Cluster Survey: predicted overlap with the Planck Cluster Catalogue SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE galaxies: clusters: general ID SOUTH-POLE TELESCOPE; ALL-SKY SURVEY; GALAXY CLUSTER; SAMPLE AB We present a list of 15 clusters of galaxies, serendipitously detected by the XMM Cluster Survey (XCS), that have a high probability of detection by the Planck satellite. Three of them already appear in the Planck Early Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (ESZ) catalogue. The estimation of the Planck detection probability assumes the flat Lambda cold dark matter (Lambda CDM) cosmology most compatible with 7-year Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP7) data. It takes into account the XCS selection function and Planck sensitivity, as well as the covariance of the cluster X-ray luminosity, temperature and integrated Comptonization parameter, as a function of cluster mass and redshift, determined by the Millennium gas simulations. We also characterize the properties of the galaxy clusters in the final data release of the XCS that we expect Planck will have detected by the end of its extended mission. Finally, we briefly discuss possible joint applications of the XCS and Planck data. C1 [Viana, Pedro T. P.; da Silva, Antonio; Ramos, Elsa P. R. G.] Univ Porto, Ctr Astrofis, P-4150762 Oporto, Portugal. [Viana, Pedro T. P.; Ramos, Elsa P. R. G.] Univ Porto, Fac Ciencias, Dept Fis & Astron, P-4169007 Oporto, Portugal. [Liddle, Andrew R.; Lloyd-Davies, E. J.; Romer, A. Kathy; Hosmer, Mark; Mayers, Julian A.; Mehrtens, Nicola] Univ Sussex, Ctr Astron, Brighton BN1 9QH, E Sussex, England. [Kay, Scott T.] Univ Manchester, Sch Phys & Astron, Jodrell Bank, Ctr Astrophys, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England. [Collins, Chris A.; Stott, John P.] Liverpool John Moores Univ, Astrophys Res Inst, Birkenhead CH41 1LD, Merseyside, England. [Hilton, Matt] Univ Nottingham, Sch Phys & Astron, Nottingham NG7 2RD, England. [Hoyle, Ben] Inst Ciencias Cosmos ICCUB IEEC, Dept Fis, Barcelona 08034, Spain. [Hoyle, Ben] Inst Cosmol & Gravitat, Portsmouth PO1 3FX, Hants, England. [Hoyle, Ben] Univ Helsinki, Helsinki Inst Phys, FIN-00014 Helsinki, Finland. [Miller, Christopher J.] Univ Michigan, Dept Astron, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Sahlen, Martin] Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, Oskar Klein Ctr Cosmoparticle Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Stanford, S. Adam] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Phys, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Stanford, S. Adam] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Inst Geophys & Planetary Phys, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. [Stott, John P.] Univ Durham, Dept Phys, Inst Computat Cosmol, Durham DH1 3LE, England. RP Viana, PTP (reprint author), Univ Porto, Ctr Astrofis, Rua Estrelas, P-4150762 Oporto, Portugal. EM viana@astro.up.pt RI Da Silva, Antonio/A-2693-2010; Hilton, Matthew James/N-5860-2013; OI Viana, Pedro/0000-0003-1572-8531; Sahlen, Martin/0000-0003-0973-4804; Da Silva, Antonio/0000-0002-6385-1609; hoyle, ben/0000-0002-2571-1357 FU Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia [POPH-QREN-SFRH/BD/45613/2008]; Ciencia contract; FCT/MEC (Portugal); POPH/FSE (EU); Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC) [ST/F002858/1, ST/I000976/1]; School of Science and Technology at the University of Sussex; PPARC/STFC; Leverhulme Trust; Swedish Research Council (VR) through the Oskar Klein Centre; US Department of Energy, National Nuclear Security Administration by the University of California, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [W-7405-Eng-48]; [PTDC/CTE-AST/64711/2006] FX This work was made possible by the ESA XMM-Newton mission, and we thank everyone who was involved in making that mission such a success. PTPV and AdS acknowledge financial support from project PTDC/CTE-AST/64711/2006, funded by Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia. AdS was supported by a Ciencia 2007 contract, funded by FCT/MEC (Portugal) and POPH/FSE (EU). EPRGR was financially supported by a grant from Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia (POPH-QREN-SFRH/BD/45613/2008). AKR, ARL, EJL-D, MHo, MS, NM, were supported by the Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC) [grants number ST/F002858/1 and ST/I000976/1]. MHo acknowledges financial support from the Graduate Teaching Associate programme at the School of Science and Technology at the University of Sussex. NM acknowledges financial support from a PPARC/STFC studentship. MHi acknowledges the support support from the Leverhulme Trust. MS acknowledges financial support from the Swedish Research Council (VR) through the Oskar Klein Centre. SAS notes that this work was performed under the auspices of the US Department of Energy, National Nuclear Security Administration by the University of California, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under contract No. W-7405-Eng-48. We thank Jean-Baptiste Melin for discussions, and Gus Evrard and Rebecca Stanek for re-visiting their estimation of the MGS cluster scaling relations. NR 34 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0035-8711 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 422 IS 2 BP 1007 EP 1013 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2966.2012.20673.x PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 940SG UT WOS:000303912800008 ER PT J AU Inserra, C Baron, E Turatto, M AF Inserra, C. Baron, E. Turatto, M. TI Quantitative photospheric spectral analysis of the Type IIP supernova 2007od SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE line: identification; supernovae: general; supernovae: individual: SN 2007od; galaxies: distances and redshifts ID SN 2007OD; CONSTRAINTS; EVOLUTION; SN-1993J; MAXIMUM; PHASE; 1987A; LIGHT AB We compare and analyse a time series of spectral observations obtained during the first 30 d of evolution of SN 2007od with the non-local thermodynamic equilibrium code PHOENIX. Despite some spectroscopic particularities in the Balmer features, this supernova appears to be a normal Type II, and the fits proposed are generally in good agreement with the observations. As a starting point, we have carried out an analysis with the parametrized synthetic spectrum code SYNOW to confirm line identifications and to highlight differences between the results of the two codes. The analysis computed using PHOENIX suggests the presence of a high-velocity feature in H beta and an Ha profile reproduced with a density profile steeper than that of the other elements. We also show a detailed analysis of the ions velocities of the six synthetic spectra. The distance is estimated for each epoch with the spectral-fitting expanding atmosphere method. Consistent results are found using all the spectra which give the explosion date of JD 245 4403 (2007 October 29) and a distance modulus mu = 32.2 +/- 0.3. C1 [Inserra, C.] Univ Catania, Dipartimento Fis & Astron, Sez Astrofis, I-95123 Catania, Italy. [Inserra, C.] INAF Osservatorio Astrofis Catania, I-95123 Catania, Italy. [Inserra, C.; Baron, E.] Univ Oklahoma, Homer L Dodge Dept Phys & Astron, Norman, OK 73019 USA. [Baron, E.] Hamburger Sternwarte, D-21029 Hamburg, Germany. [Baron, E.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Computat Res Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Turatto, M.] INAF Osservatorio Astron Trieste, I-34143 Trieste, Italy. RP Inserra, C (reprint author), Univ Catania, Dipartimento Fis & Astron, Sez Astrofis, Via S Sofia 78, I-95123 Catania, Italy. EM cosimo.inserra@oact.inaf.it OI Turatto, Massimo/0000-0002-9719-3157; Baron, Edward/0000-0001-5393-1608; Inserra, Cosimo/0000-0002-3968-4409 FU NSF [AST-0707704]; US DOE [DE-FG02-07ER41517]; NASA [HST-GO-12298.05-A, NAS5-26555]; NASA through Space Telescope Science Institute [HST-GO-12298.05-A]; INAF FX This work was supported in part by NSF grant AST-0707704, and US DOE Grant DE-FG02-07ER41517 and NASA programme number HST-GO-12298.05-A. Support for programme number HST-GO-12298.05-A was provided by NASA through a grant from the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Incorporated, under NASA contract NAS5-26555. CI thanks David Branch for the useful discussions. MT is partially supported by the PRIN-INAF 2009 Supernovae Variety and Nucleosynthesis Yields'. We thank the anonymous referee for the useful suggestions that improved our paper. NR 29 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0035-8711 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 422 IS 2 BP 1178 EP 1185 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2966.2012.20691.x PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 940SG UT WOS:000303912800023 ER PT J AU Danovich, M Dekel, A Hahn, O Teyssier, R AF Danovich, Mark Dekel, Avishai Hahn, Oliver Teyssier, Romain TI Coplanar streams, pancakes and angular-momentum exchange in high-z disc galaxies SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE galaxies: formation; galaxies: haloes; galaxies: kinematics and dynamics; galaxies: spiral; cosmology: theory; large-scale structure of Universe ID LARGE-SCALE STRUCTURE; PERSISTENT COSMIC WEB; TIDAL-TORQUE THEORY; DARK-MATTER HALOS; COLD STREAMS; COSMOLOGICAL SIMULATIONS; FILAMENTARY ENVIRONMENT; GIANT CLUMPS; TO 2; UNIVERSE AB We study the feeding of massive galaxies at high redshift through streams from the cosmic web using the Mare Nostrum hydrocosmological simulation. Our statistical sample consists of 350 dark matter haloes of similar or equal to 10(12) M-circle dot at z = 2.5. We find that similar to 70 per cent of the influx into the virial radius R-v is in narrow streams covering 10 per cent of the virial shell. On average 64 per cent of the stream influx is in one stream, and 95 per cent is in three dominant streams. The streams that feed a massive halo tend to lie in a plane that extends from half to a few R-v, hereafter 'the stream plane' (SP). The streams are typically embedded in a thin sheet of low-entropy gas, a Zel'dovich pancake, which carries similar to 20 per cent of the influx into R-v. The filaments-in-a-plane configuration about the massive haloes at the nodes of the cosmic web differs from the large-scale structure of the web where the filaments mark the intersections of slanted sheets. The SP is only weakly aligned with the angular momentum (AM) near R-v, consistent with the fact that typically 80 per cent of the AM is carried by one dominant stream. The galactic disc plane shows a weak tendency to be perpendicular to the large-scale SP, consistent with tidal-torque theory. Most interesting, the direction of the disc AM is only weakly correlated with the AM direction at R-v. This indicates a significant AM exchange at the interphase between streams and disc in the greater environment of the disc inside an 'AM sphere' of radius similar to 0.3R(v). The required large torques are expected based on the perturbed morphology and kinematics within this interaction sphere. This AM exchange may or may not require a major modification of the standard disc modelling based on AM conservation, depending on the extent to which the amplitude of the disc AM is affected, which is yet to be studied. C1 [Danovich, Mark; Dekel, Avishai] Hebrew Univ Jerusalem, Racah Inst Phys, IL-91904 Jerusalem, Israel. [Hahn, Oliver] Stanford Univ, SLAC, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. [Teyssier, Romain] CEA, IRFU, SAp, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Teyssier, Romain] Univ Zurich, Inst Theoret Phys, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland. RP Danovich, M (reprint author), Hebrew Univ Jerusalem, Racah Inst Phys, IL-91904 Jerusalem, Israel. EM mark.danovich@mail.huji.ac.il; avishai.dekel@huji.ac.il RI Hahn, Oliver/A-7715-2015 OI Hahn, Oliver/0000-0001-9440-1152 FU ISF [6/08]; GIF [G-1052-104.7/2009]; DIP; NSF [AST-1010033] FX We acknowledge stimulating discussions with S. Colombi, J. Devriendt, C. Pichon and N. Schenkler. This work was partially supported by ISF grant 6/08, by GIF grant G-1052-104.7/2009, by a DIP grant and by NSF grant AST-1010033. The Mare Nostrum simulation was run on the Barcelona Centro Nacional de Supercomputacion as part of the Horizon collaboration. NR 69 TC 51 Z9 51 U1 1 U2 3 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0035-8711 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 422 IS 2 BP 1732 EP 1749 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2966.2012.20751.x PG 18 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 940SG UT WOS:000303912800070 ER PT J AU Meyer, CD Balsara, DS Aslam, TD AF Meyer, Chad D. Balsara, Dinshaw S. Aslam, Tariq D. TI A second-order accurate Super TimeStepping formulation for anisotropic thermal conduction SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE conduction; MHD; methods: numerical ID RUNGE-KUTTA METHODS; INTERSTELLAR-MEDIUM; HOT-GAS; ISOTHERMAL MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMICS; DIFFERENTIAL-EQUATIONS; SPHERICAL CLOUDS; MASS-LOSS; REMNANTS; SCHEMES; EXPLICIT AB Astrophysical fluid dynamical problems rely on efficient numerical solution techniques for hyperbolic and parabolic terms. Efficient techniques are available for treating the hyperbolic terms. Parabolic terms, when present, can dominate the time for evaluating the solution, especially when large meshes are used. This stems from the fact that the explicit time-step for parabolic terms is proportional to the square of the mesh size and can become unusually small when the mesh is large. Multigrid-NewtonKrylov methods can help, but usually require a large number of iterations to converge. Super TimeStepping schemes are an interesting alternative, because they permit one to take very large overall time-steps for the parabolic terms while using only a modest number of explicit time-steps. Super TimeStepping schemes of the type used in astrophysics have, so far, been only first-order accurate in time and prone to instabilities. In this paper, we present a RungeKutta method that is based on the recursion sequence for Legendre polynomials, called the RKL2 method. RKL2 is a time-explicit method that permits us to treat non-linear parabolic terms robustly and with large, second-order accurate time-steps. An s-stage RKL2 scheme permits us to take a time-step that is similar to s2 times larger than a single explicit, forward Euler time-step for the parabolic operator. This permits an s-fold gain in computational efficiency over explicit time-step sub-cycling. For modest values of s, the advantage can be substantial. The stability properties of the new schemes are explored and they are shown to be stable and positivity preserving for linear operators. We document the method as it is applied to the anisotropic thermal conduction operator for dilute, magnetized, astrophysical plasmas. Implementation-related details are discussed. The RKL2 Super TimeStepping scheme has been implemented in the riemann code for computational astrophysics. We explain the method for picking an s-stage RKL2 scheme for the parabolic terms and show how it can be integrated with a hyperbolic system solver. The methods simplicity makes it very easy to retrofit the s-stage RKL2 scheme to any problem with a parabolic part when a well-formed spatial discretization is available. Several stringent test problems involving thermal conduction in astrophysical plasmas are presented and the method is shown to perform robustly and efficiently on all of them. C1 [Meyer, Chad D.; Balsara, Dinshaw S.] Univ Notre Dame, Dept Phys, Coll Sci, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. [Aslam, Tariq D.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, WX Grp 9, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Meyer, CD (reprint author), Univ Notre Dame, Dept Phys, Coll Sci, 225 Nieuwland Sci Hall, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. EM cmeyer8@nd.edu OI Aslam, Tariq/0000-0002-4263-0401 FU NSF [NSF-AST-0947765, NSF-AST-1009091]; NASA [NASA-NNX07AG93G, NASA-NNX08AG69G] FX DSB acknowledges support via NSF grant NSF-AST-0947765 and NSF-AST-1009091. DSB also acknowledges NASA grants NASA-NNX07AG93G and NASA-NNX08AG69G. The majority of simulations were performed on a cluster at UND that is run by the Center for Research Computing. NR 55 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 4 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0035-8711 EI 1365-2966 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 422 IS 3 BP 2102 EP 2115 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2966.2012.20744.x PG 14 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 939YZ UT WOS:000303858400019 ER PT J AU Pan, T Kasen, D Loeb, A AF Pan, Tony Kasen, Daniel Loeb, Abraham TI Pair-instability supernovae at the epoch of reionization SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE stars: Population II; stars: Population III; supernovae: general; dark ages; reionization; first stars ID METAL-POOR STARS; DELAY-TIME DISTRIBUTION; INITIAL MASS FUNCTION; EARLY RELEASE SCIENCE; POPULATION III STARS; SIMILAR-TO 7; IA SUPERNOVAE; LIGHT CURVES; 1ST STARS; LOW-METALLICITY AB Pristine stars with masses between similar to 140 and 260 M? are theoretically predicted to die as pair-instability supernovae. These very massive progenitors could come from Population III (Pop III) stars in the early universe. We model the light curves and spectra of pair-instability supernovae over a range of masses and envelope structures. At redshifts of reionization z= 6, we calculate the rates and detectability of pair-instability and core-collapse supernovae, and show that with the James Webb Space Telescope it is possible to determine the contribution of Pop III and Pop II stars towards reionization by constraining the stellar initial mass function at that epoch using these supernovae. We also find the rates of Type Ia supernovae, and show that they are not rare during reionization, and can be used to probe the mass function at 48 M?. If the budget of ionizing photons was dominated by contributions from top-heavy Pop III stars, we predict that the bright end of the galaxy luminosity function will be contaminated by pair-instability supernovae. C1 [Pan, Tony; Loeb, Abraham] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Kasen, Daniel] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Kasen, Daniel] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Astron, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Kasen, Daniel] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Pan, T (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM span@physics.harvard.edu FU Hertz Foundation; NSF [AST-0907890]; NASA [NNX08AL43G, NNA09DB30A]; Office of Energy Research, Office of High Energy and Nuclear Physics, Divisions of Nuclear Physics, of the US Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; DOE SciDAC [DE-FC02-06ER41438]; ORNL through INCITE FX We thank Bob Kirshner, Kaisey Mandel and Jonathan Pritchard for helpful discussions. TP was supported by the Hertz Foundation. This work was supported in part by NSF grant AST-0907890 and NASA grants NNX08AL43G and NNA09DB30A. This work is supported by the Director, Office of Energy Research, Office of High Energy and Nuclear Physics, Divisions of Nuclear Physics, of the US Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. This research has been supported by the DOE SciDAC Programme (DE-FC02-06ER41438). We are grateful for computer time provided by ORNL through an INCITE award and by NERSC. NR 81 TC 42 Z9 42 U1 0 U2 3 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0035-8711 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 422 IS 3 BP 2701 EP 2711 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2966.2012.20837.x PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 939YZ UT WOS:000303858400072 ER PT J AU Shen, SH Kronawitter, CX Jiang, JG Mao, SS Guo, LJ AF Shen, Shaohua Kronawitter, Coleman X. Jiang, Jiangang Mao, Samuel S. Guo, Liejin TI Surface Tuning for Promoted Charge Transfer in Hematite Nanorod Arrays as Water-Splitting Photoanodes SO NANO RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Surface tuning; hematite; nanorods; photoanodes ID SOLAR HYDROGEN-PRODUCTION; THIN-FILMS; NANOTUBE ARRAYS; PHOTOELECTRODES; OXIDES; ENHANCEMENT; ELECTRODES; OXIDATION; SI; TI AB Hematite (alpha-Fe2O3) nanorod films with their surface tuned by W6+ doping have been investigated as oxygen-evolving photoanodes in photoelectrochemical cells. X-ray diffraction, field emission scanning electron microscopy, UV-visible absorption spectroscopy, and photoelectrochemical (PEC) measurements have been performed on the undoped and W6+-doped alpha-Fe2O3 nanorod films. W6+ doping is found to primarily affect the photoluminescence properties of alpha-Fe2O3 nanorod films. Comparisons are drawn between undoped and W6+-doped alpha-Fe2O3 nanorod films, WO3 films, and alpha-Fe2O3-modified WO3 composite electrodes. A close correlation between dopant concentration, photoluminescence intensity, and anodic photocurrent was observed. It is suggested that W6+ surface doping promotes charge transfer in alpha-Fe2O3 nanorods, giving rise to the enhanced PEC performance. These results suggest surface tuning via ion doping should represent a viable strategy to further improve the efficiency of alpha-Fe2O3 photoanodes. C1 [Shen, Shaohua; Jiang, Jiangang; Guo, Liejin] Xi An Jiao Tong Univ, Int Res Ctr Renewable Energy, State Key Lab Multiphase Flow Power Engn, Xian 710049, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. [Shen, Shaohua; Kronawitter, Coleman X.; Mao, Samuel S.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Dept Mech Engn, Environm Energy Technol Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Shen, SH (reprint author), Xi An Jiao Tong Univ, Int Res Ctr Renewable Energy, State Key Lab Multiphase Flow Power Engn, Xian 710049, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. EM shshen_xjtu@mail.xjtu.edu.cn; lj-guo@mail.xjtu.edu.cn RI Shen, Shaohua/E-9507-2011 FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [51102194, 51121092]; Ministry of Education [20110201120040]; Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province [2011JQ7017]; National Basic Research Program of China [2009CB220000]; Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51102194, No. 51121092), the Doctoral Program of the Ministry of Education (No. 20110201120040), the Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province (No. 2011JQ7017) and the National Basic Research Program of China (No. 2009CB220000). One of the authors (S. Shen) was supported by the "Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities". This research has also been partially supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy. NR 42 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 8 U2 111 PU TSINGHUA UNIV PRESS PI BEIJING PA TSINGHUA UNIV, RM A703, XUEYAN BLDG, BEIJING, 10084, PEOPLES R CHINA SN 1998-0124 J9 NANO RES JI Nano Res. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 5 IS 5 BP 327 EP 336 DI 10.1007/s12274-012-0213-6 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 943IL UT WOS:000304114100004 ER PT J AU Liu, KH Deslippe, J Xiao, FJ Capaz, RB Hong, XP Aloni, S Zettl, A Wang, WL Bai, XD Louie, SG Wang, EG Wang, F AF Liu, Kaihui Deslippe, Jack Xiao, Fajun Capaz, Rodrigo B. Hong, Xiaoping Aloni, Shaul Zettl, Alex Wang, Wenlong Bai, Xuedong Louie, Steven G. Wang, Enge Wang, Feng TI An atlas of carbon nanotube optical transitions SO NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID EXCITONS; GRAPHENE AB Electron-electron interactions are significantly enhanced in one-dimensional systems(1), and single-walled carbon nanotubes provide a unique opportunity for studying such interactions and the related many-body effects in one dimension(2-4). However, single-walled nanotubes can have a wide range of diameters and hundreds of different structures, each defined by its chiral index (n,m)(5,6), where n and m are integers that can have values from zero up to 30 or more. Moreover, one-third of these structures are metals and two-thirds are semiconductors, and they display optical resonances at many different frequencies. Systematic studies of many-body effects in nanotubes would therefore benefit from the availability of a technique for identifying the chiral index of a nanotube based on a measurement of its optical resonances, and vice versa. Here, we report the establishment of a structure-property 'atlas' for nanotube optical transitions based on simultaneous electron diffraction measurements of the chiral index and Rayleigh scattering measurements of the optical resonances(7,8) of 206 different single-walled nanotube structures. The nanotubes, which were suspended across open slit structures on silicon substrates, had diameters in the range 1.3-4.7 nm. We also use this atlas as a starting point for a systematic study of many-body effects in the excited states of single-walled nanotubes(9-16). We find that electron-electron interactions shift the optical resonance energies by the same amount for both metallic and semiconducting nanotubes, and that this shift (which corresponds to an effective Fermi velocity renormalization) increases monotonically with nanotube diameter. This behaviour arises from two sources: an intriguing cancellation of long-range electron-electron interaction effects, and the dependence of short-range electronelectron interactions on diameter(10,11). C1 [Liu, Kaihui; Deslippe, Jack; Xiao, Fajun; Capaz, Rodrigo B.; Hong, Xiaoping; Zettl, Alex; Louie, Steven G.; Wang, Feng] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Liu, Kaihui; Wang, Wenlong; Bai, Xuedong] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Phys, Beijing 100190, Peoples R China. [Deslippe, Jack; Zettl, Alex; Louie, Steven G.; Wang, Feng] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Xiao, Fajun] NW Polytech Univ, Sch Sci, Xian 710072, Peoples R China. [Capaz, Rodrigo B.] Univ Fed Rio de Janeiro, Inst Fis, BR-21941972 Rio De Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. [Aloni, Shaul] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Mol Foundry, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Wang, Enge] Peking Univ, Sch Phys, Int Ctr Quantum Mat, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China. RP Wang, F (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM egwang@pku.edu.cn; fengwang76@berkeley.edu RI Hong, Xiaoping/G-8673-2013; Liu, Kaihui/A-9938-2014; B, Rodrigo/N-7595-2014; Zettl, Alex/O-4925-2016; wang, Feng/I-5727-2015 OI Hong, Xiaoping/0000-0002-5864-4533; Zettl, Alex/0000-0001-6330-136X; FU US National Science Foundation (NSF) [0846648, DMR10-1006184, EEC-0832819]; US Department of Energy (DOE) [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; National Natural Science Foundation of China [91021007, 10874218, 10974238, 20973195, 50725209]; Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology [2009DFA01290]; CNPq; FAPERJ; INCT - Nanomateriais de Carbono FX This study was supported by the US National Science Foundation (NSF, CAREER grant 0846648, DMR10-1006184 and EEC-0832819 to the NSF Center for Integrated Nanomechanical Systems), the US Department of Energy (DOE, DE-AC02-05CH11231 and DE-AC02-05CH11231 to the Molecular Foundry), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (91021007, 10874218, 10974238, 20973195 and 50725209) and the Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology (2009DFA01290). Computational resources were provided by the NSF (through TeraGrid resources at the National Institute for Computational Sciences) and the DOE (through the National Energy Research Scientific Computing Centre at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory). R.B.C. acknowledges support from Brazilian funding agencies CNPq, FAPERJ and INCT - Nanomateriais de Carbono. NR 30 TC 66 Z9 66 U1 9 U2 139 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 1748-3387 J9 NAT NANOTECHNOL JI Nat. Nanotechnol. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 7 IS 5 BP 325 EP 329 DI 10.1038/NNANO.2012.52 PG 5 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA 940JC UT WOS:000303884800012 PM 22504706 ER PT J AU Canik, JM Hirshman, SP Sanchez, R Maingi, R Ahn, JW Bell, RE Diallo, A Gerhardt, SP LeBlanc, BP Menard, JE Park, JK Podesta, M Sabbagh, SA AF Canik, J. M. Hirshman, S. P. Sanchez, R. Maingi, R. Ahn, J. -W. Bell, R. E. Diallo, A. Gerhardt, S. P. LeBlanc, B. P. Menard, J. E. Park, J. -K. Podesta, M. Sabbagh, S. A. TI First use of three-dimensional equilibrium, stability and transport calculations for interpretation of ELM triggering with magnetic perturbations in NSTX SO NUCLEAR FUSION LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Workshop on Stochasticity in Fusion Plasmas (SFP) CY APR 11-14, 2011 CL Julich, GERMANY ID IDEAL BALLOONING STABILITY; GENERAL TOROIDAL PLASMAS; NEOCLASSICAL TRANSPORT; STELLARATORS; COEFFICIENTS; VISCOSITY; TOKAMAK; PHYSICS; COBRA; MODES AB The application of non-axisymmetric magnetic perturbations has been demonstrated to destabilize edge-localized modes (ELMs) in the National Spherical Torus Experiment. A model 3D equilibrium has been calculated for these experiments using the VMEC code, which assumes nested flux surfaces and therefore that resonant perturbations are shielded. First, a free-boundary equilibrium is calculated using the NSTX coil set, with pressure and current profiles matched to a standard 2D reconstruction, but with up-down symmetry enforced. A new equilibrium is then calculated with the n = 3 field applied at a level consistent with experiment. This equilibrium is then used as the basis of further calculations using codes developed for analysis of stellarator plasmas. The neoclassical transport due to the 3D fields is calculated to be small compared with the experimental transport rates. Initial stability analysis has been performed, and indicates a modest degradation in ballooning stability with 3D fields applied. A new 3D equilibrium is also calculated using the SIESTA code, which allows for the formation of islands and stochastic regions. A comparison of the field structure between the SIESTA calculation and the assumption of fully penetrated vacuum perturbation indicates smaller island sizes and very small stochastic transport in the SIESTA case. C1 [Canik, J. M.; Hirshman, S. P.; Maingi, R.; Ahn, J. -W.; Bell, R. E.; Diallo, A.; Podesta, M.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Sanchez, R.] Univ Carlos Madrid, Dept Fis, Leganes 28021, Spain. [Gerhardt, S. P.; LeBlanc, B. P.; Menard, J. E.; Park, J. -K.] Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. [Sabbagh, S. A.] Columbia Univ, New York, NY 10027 USA. RP Canik, JM (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RI Diallo, Ahmed/M-7792-2013; OI Canik, John/0000-0001-6934-6681; Menard, Jonathan/0000-0003-1292-3286 NR 61 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 20 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0029-5515 EI 1741-4326 J9 NUCL FUSION JI Nucl. Fusion PD MAY PY 2012 VL 52 IS 5 AR 054004 DI 10.1088/0029-5515/52/5/054004 PG 10 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 941SA UT WOS:000303982900005 ER PT J AU Lore, JD Canik, JM Feng, Y Ahn, JW Maingi, R Soukhanovskii, V AF Lore, J. D. Canik, J. M. Feng, Y. Ahn, J. -W. Maingi, R. Soukhanovskii, V. TI Implementation of the 3D edge plasma code EMC3-EIRENE on NSTX SO NUCLEAR FUSION LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Workshop on Stochasticity in Fusion Plasmas (SFP) CY APR 11-14, 2011 CL Julich, GERMANY ID TRANSPORT; TOKAMAKS; FIELD AB The 3D edge transport code EMC3-EIRENE has been applied for the first time to the NSTX spherical tokamak. A new disconnected double null grid has been developed to allow the simulation of plasma where the radial separation of the inner and outer separatrix is less than characteristic widths (e. g. heat flux width) at the midplane. Modelling results are presented for both an axisymmetric case and a case where 3D magnetic field is applied in an n = 3 configuration. In the vacuum approximation, the perturbed field consists of a wide region of destroyed flux surfaces and helical lobes which are a mixture of long and short connection length field lines formed by the separatrix manifolds. This structure is reflected in coupled 3D plasma fluid (EMC3) and kinetic neutral particle (EIRENE) simulations. The helical lobes extending inside of the unperturbed separatrix are filled in by hot plasma from the core. The intersection of the lobes with the divertor results in a striated flux footprint pattern on the target plates. Profiles of divertor heat and particle fluxes are compared with experimental data, and possible sources of discrepancy are discussed. C1 [Lore, J. D.] Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Lore, J. D.; Canik, J. M.; Ahn, J. -W.; Maingi, R.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Feng, Y.] Max Planck Inst Plasma Phys, Greifswald, Germany. [Soukhanovskii, V.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Lore, JD (reprint author), Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM lorejd@ornl.gov OI Canik, John/0000-0001-6934-6681; Lore, Jeremy/0000-0002-9192-465X NR 36 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 6 PU INT ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY PI VIENNA PA WAGRAMERSTRASSE 5, PO BOX 100, A-1400 VIENNA, AUSTRIA SN 0029-5515 J9 NUCL FUSION JI Nucl. Fusion PD MAY PY 2012 VL 52 IS 5 AR 054012 DI 10.1088/0029-5515/52/5/054012 PG 8 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 941SA UT WOS:000303982900013 ER PT J AU Spizzo, G Agostini, M Scarin, P Vianello, N White, RB Cappello, S Puiatti, ME Valisa, M AF Spizzo, G. Agostini, M. Scarin, P. Vianello, N. White, R. B. Cappello, S. Puiatti, M. E. Valisa, M. CA RFX-Mod Team TI Edge topology and flows in the reversed-field pinch SO NUCLEAR FUSION LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Workshop on Stochasticity in Fusion Plasmas (SFP) CY APR 11-14, 2011 CL Julich, GERMANY ID PLASMA ROTATION; RFX-MOD; STABILITY; STATES AB Edge topology and plasma flow deeply influence transport in the reversed-field pinch as well as in all fusion devices, playing an important role in many practical aspects of plasma performance, such as access to enhanced confinement regimes, the impact on global power balance and operative limits, such as the density limit (Spizzo G. et al 2010 Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion 52 095011). A central role is played by the edge electric field, which is determined by the ambipolar constraint guaranteeing quasi-neutrality in a sheath next to the plasma wall. Its radial component is experimentally determined in RFX over the whole toroidal angle by means of a diagnostic set measuring edge plasma potential and flow with different techniques (Scarin P. et al 2011 Nucl. Fusion 51 073002). The measured radial electric field is used to construct the potential in the form Phi (psi(p), theta, zeta) (psi(p) radial coordinate, theta , zeta angles), by means of the Hamiltonian guiding-centre code ORBIT. Simulations show that a proper functional form of the potential can balance the differential radial diffusion of electrons and ions subject to m = 0 magnetic island O- and X-points. Electrons spend more time in the X-points of such islands than in O-points; ions have comparatively larger drifts and their radial motion is more uniform over the toroidal angle. The final spatial distribution of Phi (psi(p), theta, zeta) results in a complex 3D pattern, with convective cells next to the wall. Generally speaking, an edge topology dominating parallel transport with a given symmetry brings about an edge potential with the same symmetry. This fact helps us to build a first step of a unified picture of the effect of magnetic topology on the Greenwald limit, and, more generally, on flows in the edge of RFPs and tokamaks. C1 [Spizzo, G.; Agostini, M.; Scarin, P.; Vianello, N.; Cappello, S.; Puiatti, M. E.; Valisa, M.; RFX-Mod Team] Assoc Euratom ENEA Fus, Consorzio RFX, I-35127 Padua, Italy. [White, R. B.] Princeton Univ, Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Spizzo, G (reprint author), Assoc Euratom ENEA Fus, Consorzio RFX, Cso Stati Uniti 4, I-35127 Padua, Italy. EM gianluca.spizzo@igi.cnr.it RI White, Roscoe/D-1773-2013; Spizzo, Gianluca/B-7075-2009; Vianello, Nicola/B-6323-2008; Dalla Palma, Mauro/J-7709-2012; Cappello, Susanna/H-9968-2013; OI White, Roscoe/0000-0002-4239-2685; Spizzo, Gianluca/0000-0001-8586-2168; Vianello, Nicola/0000-0003-4401-5346; Dalla Palma, Mauro/0000-0003-4239-8929; Cappello, Susanna/0000-0002-2022-1113; AGOSTINI, MATTEO/0000-0002-3823-1002 NR 57 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 10 PU INT ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY PI VIENNA PA WAGRAMERSTRASSE 5, PO BOX 100, A-1400 VIENNA, AUSTRIA SN 0029-5515 J9 NUCL FUSION JI Nucl. Fusion PD MAY PY 2012 VL 52 IS 5 AR 054015 DI 10.1088/0029-5515/52/5/054015 PG 11 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 941SA UT WOS:000303982900016 ER PT J AU Sharma, V Chiniquy, D Baidoo, E Keasling, J Ronald, P Scheller, HV AF Sharma, Vaishali Chiniquy, Dawn Baidoo, Edward Keasling, Jay Ronald, Pamela Scheller, Henrik V. TI TOOLS FOR DEVELOPING GLYCOSYL-TRANSFERASE ASSAYS AND METHODS FOR XYLAN PROFILING IN PLANTS SO PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Sharma, Vaishali; Chiniquy, Dawn; Baidoo, Edward; Keasling, Jay; Ronald, Pamela; Scheller, Henrik V.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Joint Bioenergy Inst, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Chiniquy, Dawn; Ronald, Pamela] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RI Keasling, Jay/J-9162-2012; Scheller, Henrik/A-8106-2008 OI Keasling, Jay/0000-0003-4170-6088; Scheller, Henrik/0000-0002-6702-3560 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 6 PU INFORMA HEALTHCARE PI LONDON PA TELEPHONE HOUSE, 69-77 PAUL STREET, LONDON EC2A 4LQ, ENGLAND SN 1388-0209 J9 PHARM BIOL JI Pharm. Biol. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 50 IS 5 BP 607 EP 607 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences; Medical Laboratory Technology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Plant Sciences; Medical Laboratory Technology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 943GN UT WOS:000304108700209 ER PT J AU Zhang, KW Miao, YC Liu, CJ AF Zhang, Ke-Wei Miao, Yu-Chen Liu, Chang-Jun TI DECIPHERING MOLECULAR MECHANISMS OF LIGNIN PRECURSOR TRANSPORT SO PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Zhang, Ke-Wei; Miao, Yu-Chen; Liu, Chang-Jun] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Biol, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM cliu@bnl.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU INFORMA HEALTHCARE PI LONDON PA TELEPHONE HOUSE, 69-77 PAUL STREET, LONDON EC2A 4LQ, ENGLAND SN 1388-0209 J9 PHARM BIOL JI Pharm. Biol. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 50 IS 5 BP 637 EP 637 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences; Medical Laboratory Technology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Plant Sciences; Medical Laboratory Technology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 943GN UT WOS:000304108700293 ER PT J AU Himmel, ME Beckham, GT Payne, CM Bu, LT Matthews, JF Decker, SR Baker, JO Taylor, L Singh, A Xu, Q Crowley, MF AF Himmel, Michael E. Beckham, Gregg T. Payne, Christina M. Bu, Lintao Matthews, James F. Decker, Stephen R. Baker, John O. Taylor, Larry, II Singh, Arjun Xu, Qi Crowley, Michael F. TI ENGINEERING IMPROVED CELLULASES FOR BIOFUEL PRODUCTION SO PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Himmel, Michael E.; Beckham, Gregg T.; Payne, Christina M.; Bu, Lintao; Matthews, James F.; Decker, Stephen R.; Baker, John O.; Taylor, Larry, II; Singh, Arjun; Xu, Qi; Crowley, Michael F.] NREL, Biosci Ctr, Golden, CO 80401 USA. EM mike.himmel@nrel.gov RI Payne, Christina/C-7338-2011; crowley, michael/A-4852-2013 OI Payne, Christina/0000-0001-5264-0964; crowley, michael/0000-0001-5163-9398 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 13 PU INFORMA HEALTHCARE PI LONDON PA TELEPHONE HOUSE, 69-77 PAUL STREET, LONDON EC2A 4LQ, ENGLAND SN 1388-0209 J9 PHARM BIOL JI Pharm. Biol. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 50 IS 5 BP 670 EP 670 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences; Medical Laboratory Technology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Plant Sciences; Medical Laboratory Technology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 943GN UT WOS:000304108700391 ER PT J AU Lopez-Nieves, S Jones, H Garcia, O Collins, A Timlin, J Hanson, D AF Lopez-Nieves, Samuel Jones, Howland Garcia, Omar Collins, Aaron Timlin, Jerilyn Hanson, David TI INTERACTIONS BETWEEN THE CO2 CONCENTRATING MECHANISM AND LIPID PRODUCTION OF TWO SPECIES OF ALGAE: CHLAMYDOMONAS REINHARDTII AND NANNOCHLOROPSIS SALINA SO PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Lopez-Nieves, Samuel; Hanson, David] Univ New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [Jones, Howland; Garcia, Omar; Collins, Aaron; Timlin, Jerilyn] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM samuellopeznieves@hotmail.com NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 10 PU INFORMA HEALTHCARE PI LONDON PA TELEPHONE HOUSE, 69-77 PAUL STREET, LONDON EC2A 4LQ, ENGLAND SN 1388-0209 J9 PHARM BIOL JI Pharm. Biol. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 50 IS 5 BP 673 EP 673 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences; Medical Laboratory Technology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Plant Sciences; Medical Laboratory Technology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 943GN UT WOS:000304108700400 ER PT J AU Crease, RP AF Crease, Robert P. TI Critical Point Atmospheric tales SO PHYSICS WORLD LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Crease, Robert P.] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Philosophy, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. [Crease, Robert P.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Crease, RP (reprint author), SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Philosophy, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. EM rcrease@notes.cc.sunysb.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0953-8585 J9 PHYS WORLD JI Phys. World PD MAY PY 2012 VL 25 IS 5 BP 18 EP 20 PG 3 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 944XC UT WOS:000304236100021 ER PT J AU Wang, Z Xu, CC Benning, C AF Wang, Zhen Xu, Changcheng Benning, Christoph TI TGD4 involved in endoplasmic reticulum-to-chloroplast lipid trafficking is a phosphatidic acid binding protein SO PLANT JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Arabidopsis thaliana; ss-barrel protein; chloroplast; envelope membrane; lipids; lipid transport ID OUTER ENVELOPE MEMBRANE; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; IMPORT; PLANTS; BIOSYNTHESIS; METABOLISM; TRANSPORT; SYNTHASE; TRANSFORMATION; GALACTOLIPIDS AB The synthesis of galactoglycerolipids, which are prevalent in photosynthetic membranes, involves enzymes at the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and the chloroplast envelope membranes. Genetic analysis of trigalactosyldiacylglycerol (TGD) proteins in Arabidopsis has demonstrated their role in polar lipid transfer from the ER to the chloroplast. The TGD1, 2, and 3 proteins resemble components of a bacterial-type ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter, with TGD1 representing the permease, TGD2 the substrate binding protein, and TGD3 the ATPase. However, the function of the TGD4 protein in this process is less clear and its location in plant cells remains to be firmly determined. The predicted C-terminal beta-barrel structure of TGD4 is weakly similar to proteins of the outer cell membrane of Gram-negative bacteria. Here, we show that, like TGD2, the TGD4 protein when fused to DsRED specifically binds phosphatidic acid (PtdOH). As previously shown for tgd1 mutants, tgd4 mutants have elevated PtdOH content, probably in extraplastidic membranes. Using highly purified and specific antibodies to probe different cell fractions, we demonstrated that the TGD4 protein was present in the outer envelope membrane of chloroplasts, where it appeared to be deeply buried within the membrane except for the N-terminus, which was found to be exposed to the cytosol. It is proposed that TGD4 is either directly involved in the transfer of polar lipids, possibly PtdOH, from the ER to the outer chloroplast envelope membrane or in the transfer of PtdOH through the outer envelope membrane. C1 [Wang, Zhen; Benning, Christoph] Michigan State Univ, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Xu, Changcheng] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Biol, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Benning, C (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. EM benning@msu.edu RI Wang, Zhen/B-5067-2014 OI Wang, Zhen/0000-0003-4823-8002 FU US National Science Foundation [MCB 0741395]; US Department of Energy, Basic Energy Sciences [DE-FG02-98ER20305] FX This work was supported in parts by grants from the US National Science Foundation, MCB 0741395, and the US Department of Energy, Basic Energy Sciences, DE-FG02-98ER20305 to Christoph Benning. We thank Dr Rebecca Roston at Michigan State University for comments and critical reading of the manuscript. We are indebted Dr John Froehlich at Michigan State University and Dr Masato Nakai at Osaka University for kind provision of TOC 75, TIC110 and TOC159 antibodies. We also thank Dr R. Michael Garavito at Michigan State University for the pLW01/DsRED-His vector. NR 50 TC 43 Z9 44 U1 0 U2 30 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0960-7412 J9 PLANT J JI Plant J. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 70 IS 4 BP 614 EP 623 DI 10.1111/j.1365-313X.2012.04900.x PG 10 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 937KU UT WOS:000303658200006 PM 22269056 ER PT J AU Jorda, J Baudrand, T Kajava, AV AF Jorda, Julien Baudrand, Thierry Kajava, Andrey V. TI PRDB: Protein Repeat DataBase SO PROTEOMICS LA English DT Article DE Bioinformatics; Database; Proteome annotation; Sequence analysis; Tandem repeats ID MASS-SPECTROMETRY; IMMOBILIZATION-STABILIZATION; ENZYME-IMMOBILIZATION; PEPTIDE SEPARATION; MICROFLUIDIC CHIP; MALDI-MS; SOL-GEL; DIGESTION; PROTEOMICS; TRYPSIN AB Rapidly increasing genomic data present new challenges for scientists: making sense of millions of amino acid sequences requires a systematic approach and information about their 3D structure, function, and evolution. Over the last decade, numerous studies demonstrated the fundamental importance of protein tandem repeats and their involvement in human diseases. Bioinformatics analysis of these regions requires special computer programs and databases, since the conventional approaches predominantly developed for globular domains have limited success. To perform a global comparative analysis of protein tandem repeats, we developed the Protein Tandem Repeat DataBase (PRDB). PRDB is a curated database that includes the protein tandem repeats found in sequence databanks by the T-REKS program. The database is available at http://bioinfo.montp.cnrs.fr/?r=repeatDB C1 [Jorda, Julien; Baudrand, Thierry; Kajava, Andrey V.] Univ Montpellier 1 & 2, CNRS, Ctr Rech Biochim Macromol UMR 5237, F-34293 Montpellier, France. [Jorda, Julien] UCLA DOE Inst Genom & Prote, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP Kajava, AV (reprint author), Univ Montpellier 1 & 2, CNRS, Ctr Rech Biochim Macromol UMR 5237, 1919 Route Mende, F-34293 Montpellier, France. EM andrey.kajava@crbm.cnrs.fr RI Kajava, Andrey/E-1107-2014 OI Kajava, Andrey/0000-0002-2342-6886 FU Ministere de l'Education Nationale, de la Recherche et de la Technologie (MENRT) FX We thank A. Ahmed, Pr. C. Le Peuch, Dr. M. Thompson, and Dr. M. Anisimova for criticism and discussion. J. Jorda was supported by the grant from Ministere de l'Education Nationale, de la Recherche et de la Technologie (MENRT). NR 44 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 7 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1615-9853 J9 PROTEOMICS JI Proteomics PD MAY PY 2012 VL 12 IS 9 BP 1333 EP 1336 DI 10.1002/pmic.201100534 PG 4 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 943AG UT WOS:000304092200006 PM 22589183 ER PT J AU Norbury, JW Miller, J Adamczyk, AM Heilbronn, LH Townsend, LW Blattnig, SR Norman, RB Guetersloh, SB Zeitlin, CJ AF Norbury, John W. Miller, Jack Adamczyk, Anne M. Heilbronn, Lawrence H. Townsend, Lawrence W. Blattnig, Steve R. Norman, Ryan B. Guetersloh, Stephen B. Zeitlin, Cary J. TI Nuclear data for space radiation SO RADIATION MEASUREMENTS LA English DT Article DE Heavy ion reactions; Nuclear data; Space radiation ID FRAGMENTATION CROSS-SECTIONS; 670A MEV NE-20; LIQUID-HYDROGEN TARGET; RELATIVISTIC NUCLEI; CARBON TARGETS; NICKEL PROJECTILES; TRANSPORT-THEORY; TOTAL CHARGE; COSMIC-RAYS; HELIUM AB Human space flight requires protecting astronauts from the harmful effects of space radiation. The availability of measured nuclear cross-section data needed for these studies is reviewed in the present paper. The energy range of interest for radiation protection is approximately 100 MeV/n-10 GeV/n. The majority of data are for projectile fragmentation partial and total cross-sections, including both charge changing and isotopic cross-sections. The cross-section data are organized into categories which include charge changing, elemental, isotopic for total, single and double differential with respect to momentum, energy and angle. Gaps in the data relevant to space radiation protection are discussed and recommendations for future experiments are made. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Norbury, John W.; Blattnig, Steve R.; Norman, Ryan B.] NASA Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA 23681 USA. [Miller, Jack] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Adamczyk, Anne M.; Heilbronn, Lawrence H.; Townsend, Lawrence W.] Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Guetersloh, Stephen B.] Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Zeitlin, Cary J.] SW Res Inst, Boulder, CO 80302 USA. RP Norbury, JW (reprint author), NASA Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA 23681 USA. EM john.w.norbury@nasa.gov; miller@lbl.gov; aadamczy@utk.edu; lheilbro@utk.edu; ltownsen@utk.edu; steves.r.blattnig@nasa.gov; guetersloh@tamu.edu; zeitlin@boulder.swri.edu RI Heilbronn, Lawrence/J-6998-2013; Norman, Ryan/D-5095-2017 OI Heilbronn, Lawrence/0000-0002-8226-1057; Norman, Ryan/0000-0002-9103-7225 NR 39 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 7 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1350-4487 J9 RADIAT MEAS JI Radiat. Meas. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 47 IS 5 BP 315 EP 363 DI 10.1016/j.radmeas.2012.03.004 PG 49 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 944EC UT WOS:000304181100001 ER PT J AU Wharton, S Lundquist, JK AF Wharton, Sonia Lundquist, Julie K. TI Assessing atmospheric stability and its impacts on rotor-disk wind characteristics at an onshore wind?farm SO WIND ENERGY LA English DT Article DE wind energy; planetary boundary layer; stability; turbulence intensity; wind shear ID NOCTURNAL BOUNDARY-LAYER; LOW-LEVEL JETS; TURBULENCE INTENSITY; SPEED PROFILES; TURBINE POWER; ENERGY; REGIMES; SODAR AB As the average hub height and blade diameter of new wind turbine installations continue to increase, turbines typically encounter higher wind speeds, which enable them to extract large amounts of energy, but they also face challenges due to the complex nature of wind flow and turbulence in the planetary boundary layer (PBL). Wind speed and turbulence can vary greatly across a turbine's rotor disk; this variability is partially due to whether the PBL is stable, neutral or convective. To assess the influence of stability on these wind characteristics, we utilize a unique data set including observations from two meteorological towers, a surface flux tower and high-resolution remote-sensing sound detection and ranging (SODAR) instrument. We compare several approaches to defining atmospheric stability to the Obukhov length (L). Typical wind farm observations only allow for the calculation of a wind shear exponent (a) or horizontal turbulence intensity (IU) from cup anemometers, whereas SODAR gives measurements at multiple heights in the rotor disk of turbulence intensity (I) in the latitudinal (Iu), longitudinal (Iv) and vertical (Iw) directions and turbulence kinetic energy (TKE). Two methods for calculating horizontal Ifrom SODAR data are discussed. SODAR stability parameters are in high agreement with the more physically robust L,with TKE exhibiting the best agreement, and show promise for accurate characterizations of stability. Vertical profiles of wind speed and turbulence, which likely affect turbine power performance, are highly correlated with stability regime. At this wind farm, disregarding stability leads to over-assessments of the wind resource during convective conditions and under-assessments during stable conditions. Copyright (c) 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 [Wharton, Sonia] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Atmospher Earth & Energy Div, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. [Lundquist, Julie K.] Univ Colorado, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Lundquist, Julie K.] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Wharton, S (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Atmospher Earth & Energy Div, POB 808,L-103, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM wharton4@llnl.gov OI LUNDQUIST, JULIE/0000-0001-5490-2702 FU Department of Energy's Wind and Water Power Program Office (BNR) [EB2502010]; DOE, National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC52-07NA27344] FX We express great appreciation to Iberdrola Renewables, Inc. for the collection, provision and insightful discussion of this rich data set and, in particular, thank Dr. Justin Sharp, Dr. Mike Zulauf and Jerry Crescenti. Our gratitude goes to John Wade, Neil Kelley and Dennis Elliott for their insightful reviews that improved this paper. We also acknowledge Dr. Dennis Baldocchi and Dr. Matteo Detto for their contribution of the sonic anemometer data (NSF-ATM-0628720) and Dr. Kyaw Tha Paw U for his expertise and advice regarding calculations of turbulence intensity. This work was funded by the Department of Energy's Wind and Water Power Program Office under the Renewable Systems Interconnect Support Program (BNR Code EB2502010), which is managed by Stan Calvert. LLNL is operated by Lawrence Livermore National Security, LLC, for the DOE, National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. NREL is a national laboratory of the US Department of Energy, Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, operated by the Alliance for Sustainable Energy, LLC. NR 70 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 2 U2 22 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1095-4244 EI 1099-1824 J9 WIND ENERGY JI Wind Energy PD MAY PY 2012 VL 15 IS 4 BP 525 EP 546 DI 10.1002/we.483 PG 22 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Mechanical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 942ZC UT WOS:000304089200002 ER PT J AU Pint, BA Haynes, JA AF Pint, Bruce A. Haynes, J. Allen TI Effect of Higher Water Vapor Content on TBC Performance SO ADVANCED MATERIALS & PROCESSES LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Pint, Bruce A.; Haynes, J. Allen] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. RP Pint, BA (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. RI Pint, Bruce/A-8435-2008 OI Pint, Bruce/0000-0002-9165-3335 NR 3 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 4 PU ASM INT PI MATERIALS PARK PA SUBSCRIPTIONS SPECIALIST CUSTOMER SERVICE, MATERIALS PARK, OH 44073-0002 USA SN 0882-7958 J9 ADV MATER PROCESS JI Adv. Mater. Process. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 170 IS 5 BP 52 EP 52 PG 1 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 941FY UT WOS:000303950300007 ER PT J AU Allen, JM Obae, SG Brand, MH Silander, JA Jones, KL Nunziata, SO Lance, SL AF Allen, Jenica M. Obae, Samuel G. Brand, Mark H. Silander, John A. Jones, Kenneth L. Nunziata, Schyler O. Lance, Stacey L. TI DEVELOPMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION OF MICROSATELLITE MARKERS FOR BERBERIS THUNBERGII (BERBERIDACEAE) SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY LA English DT Article DE Berberidaceae; Berberis thunbergii; invasive; microsatellite; PCR primers; simple sequence repeat markers; short tandem repeat ID AFLP; LOCI AB Premise of the study: Microsatellite markers were isolated and characterized in Berberis thunbergii, an invasive and ornamental shrub in the eastern United States, to assess genetic diversity among populations and potentially identify horticultural cultivars. Methods and Results: A total of 12 loci were identified for the species. Eight of the loci were polymorphic and were screened in 24 individuals from two native (Tochigi and Ibaraki prefectures, Japan) and one invasive (Connecticut, USA) population and 21 horticultural cultivars. The number of alleles per locus ranged from three to seven, and observed heterozygosity ranged from 0.048 to 0.636. Conclusions: These new markers will provide tools for examining genetic relatedness of B. thunbergii plants in the native and invasive range, including phylogeographic studies and assessment of rapid evolution in the invasive range. These markers may also provide tools for examining hybridization with other related species in the invasive range. C1 [Allen, Jenica M.; Silander, John A.] Univ Connecticut, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. [Obae, Samuel G.; Brand, Mark H.] Univ Connecticut, Dept Plant Sci & Landscape Architecture, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. [Jones, Kenneth L.] Univ Colorado, Sch Med, Dept Biochem & Mol Genet, Aurora, CO 80045 USA. [Nunziata, Schyler O.; Lance, Stacey L.] Univ Georgia, Savannah River Ecol Lab, Aiken, SC 29802 USA. RP Allen, JM (reprint author), Univ Connecticut, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. EM jenica.allen@uconn.edu RI Lance, Stacey/K-9203-2013 OI Lance, Stacey/0000-0003-2686-1733 FU University of Connecticut Research Advancement Council; Department of Energy [DE-FC09-07SR22506] FX This research was partially supported by the University of Connecticut Research Advancement Council and by the Department of Energy under Award Number DE-FC09-07SR22506 to the University of Georgia Research Foundation. The authors thank Robert Capers, Kathryn Theiss, and Rachel Prunier for their assistance to J.M.A. NR 9 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 5 PU BOTANICAL SOC AMER INC PI ST LOUIS PA PO BOX 299, ST LOUIS, MO 63166-0299 USA SN 0002-9122 J9 AM J BOT JI Am. J. Bot. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 99 IS 5 BP E220 EP E222 DI 10.3732/ajb.1100530 PG 3 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 937NN UT WOS:000303665300011 PM 22542902 ER PT J AU Cooperman, A Dieckmann, J Brodrick, J AF Cooperman, Alissa Dieckmann, John Brodrick, James TI Benefits Belie Lack of Popularity Commercial GSHPs SO ASHRAE JOURNAL LA English DT Article C1 [Cooperman, Alissa; Dieckmann, John] TIAX LLC, Mech Syst Grp, Lexington, MA USA. [Brodrick, James] US DOE, Bldg Technol Program, Washington, DC USA. RP Cooperman, A (reprint author), TIAX LLC, Mech Syst Grp, Lexington, MA USA. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC HEATING REFRIGERATING AIR-CONDITIONING ENG, INC, PI ATLANTA PA 1791 TULLIE CIRCLE NE, ATLANTA, GA 30329 USA SN 0001-2491 J9 ASHRAE J JI ASHRAE J. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 54 IS 5 BP 84 EP + PG 3 WC Thermodynamics; Construction & Building Technology; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Construction & Building Technology; Engineering GA 941LV UT WOS:000303965600015 ER PT J AU Ren, SC Peng, ZY Mao, JH Yu, YW Yin, CJ Gao, X Cui, ZL Zhang, JB Yi, K Xu, WD Chen, C Wang, FB Guo, XW Lu, J Yang, J Wei, M Tian, ZJ Guan, YH Tang, L Xu, CL Wang, LH Gao, X Tian, W Wang, J Yang, HM Wang, J Sun, YH AF Ren, Shancheng Peng, Zhiyu Mao, Jian-Hua Yu, Yongwei Yin, Changjun Gao, Xin Cui, Zilian Zhang, Jibin Yi, Kang Xu, Weidong Chen, Chao Wang, Fubo Guo, Xinwu Lu, Ji Yang, Jun Wei, Min Tian, Zhijian Guan, Yinghui Tang, Liang Xu, Chuanliang Wang, Linhui Gao, Xu Tian, Wei Wang, Jian Yang, Huanming Wang, Jun Sun, Yinghao TI RNA-seq analysis of prostate cancer in the Chinese population identifies recurrent gene fusions, cancer-associated long noncoding RNAs and aberrant alternative splicings SO CELL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE prostate cancer; RNA sequencing; gene fusions; long ncRNAs; alternative splicing ID ACUTE MYELOID-LEUKEMIA; GENOME; MUTATIONS; REARRANGEMENTS; CHROMATIN; PATTERNS; TRANSCRIPTION; PROGRESSION; METASTASIS; CHALLENGES AB There are remarkable disparities among patients of different races with prostate cancer; however, the mechanism underlying this difference remains unclear. Here, we present a comprehensive landscape of the transcriptome profiles of 14 primary prostate cancers and their paired normal counterparts from the Chinese population using RNA-seq, revealing tremendous diversity across prostate cancer transcriptomes with respect to gene fusions, long noncoding RNAs (long ncRNA), alternative splicing and somatic mutations. Three of the 14 tumors (21.4%) harbored a TM-PRSS2-ERG fusion, and the low prevalence of this fusion in Chinese patients was further confirmed in an additional tumor set (10/54=18.5%). Notably, two novel gene fusions, CTAGE5-KHDRBS3 (20/54=37%) and USP9Y-TTTY15 (19/54=35.2%), occurred frequently in our patient cohort. Further systematic transcriptional profiling identified numerous long ncRNAs that were differentially expressed in the tumors. An analysis of the correlation between expression of long ncRNA and genes suggested that long ncRNAs may have functions beyond transcriptional regulation. This study yielded new insights into the pathogenesis of prostate cancer in the Chinese population. C1 [Ren, Shancheng; Cui, Zilian; Xu, Weidong; Wang, Fubo; Lu, Ji; Wei, Min; Tang, Liang; Xu, Chuanliang; Wang, Linhui; Gao, Xu; Sun, Yinghao] Second Mil Med Univ, Shanghai Changhai Hosp, Dept Urol, Shanghai 200433, Peoples R China. [Peng, Zhiyu; Zhang, Jibin; Yi, Kang; Chen, Chao; Guo, Xinwu; Yang, Jun; Tian, Zhijian; Tian, Wei; Wang, Jian; Yang, Huanming; Wang, Jun] Beijing Genom Inst Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, Guangdong, Peoples R China. [Mao, Jian-Hua; Guan, Yinghui] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Yu, Yongwei] Second Mil Med Univ, Shanghai Changhai Hosp, Dept Pathol, Shanghai 200433, Peoples R China. [Yin, Changjun] Nanjing Med Univ, Jiangsu Prov Peoples Hosp, Dept Urol, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Gao, Xin] Sun Yat Sen Univ, Affiliated Hosp 3, Dept Urol, Guangzhou 510630, Guangdong, Peoples R China. RP Sun, YH (reprint author), Second Mil Med Univ, Shanghai Changhai Hosp, Dept Urol, Shanghai 200433, Peoples R China. EM sunyh@medmail.com.cn RI Wang, Jun/C-8434-2016; Wang, Jun/B-9503-2016 OI Wang, Jun/0000-0002-8540-8931; Wang, Jun/0000-0002-2113-5874 FU National Basic Research Program of China [2012CB518300]; Ministry of Science & Technology of Shanghai [08410701500]; National Natural Science Fundation of China [81101946]; National High Technology Research and Development Program of China (863 Program) [2006AA02A302] FX This work was supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (2012CB518300 to YHS), the Ministry of Science & Technology of Shanghai (08410701500 to YHS), the National Natural Science Fundation of China (81101946 to SCR) and the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China (863 Program, 2006AA02A302 to HMY). NR 70 TC 127 Z9 142 U1 2 U2 46 PU INST BIOCHEMISTRY & CELL BIOLOGY PI SHANGHAI PA SIBS, CAS, 319 YUEYANG ROAD, SHANGHAI, 200031, PEOPLES R CHINA SN 1001-0602 EI 1748-7838 J9 CELL RES JI Cell Res. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 22 IS 5 BP 806 EP 821 DI 10.1038/cr.2012.30 PG 16 WC Cell Biology SC Cell Biology GA 936SY UT WOS:000303611500006 PM 22349460 ER PT J AU Li, L Li, N Wu, YF AF Li Lin Li Na Wu Yuan-Fang TI Azimuthal distributions of radial momentum and velocity in relativistic heavy ion collisions SO CHINESE PHYSICS C LA English DT Article DE azimuthal distribution; radial momentum; radial velocity ID NUCLEAR COLLISIONS; ELLIPTIC FLOW; TRANSVERSE EXPANSION; PHASE-TRANSITION; SIGNATURE; MOTION; MATTER AB Azimuthal distributions of radial (transverse) momentum, mean radial momentum, and mean radial velocity of final-state particles are suggested for relativistic heavy ion collisions. Using the AM PT transport model with string melting, the distributions of Au+Au collisions at 200 GeN are presented and studied. It is demonstrated that the distribution of total radial momentum is more sensitive to the anisotropic expansion, as the anisotropies of final-state particles and their associated transverse momentums are both counted in the measurement. The mean radial velocity distribution is compared with the radial flow velocity. The thermal motion contributes an isotropic constant to the mean radial velocity. C1 [Li Lin; Wu Yuan-Fang] Cent China Normal Univ, Inst Particle Phys, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China. [Li Na] Huazhong Univ Sci & Technol, Wuhan 430074, Peoples R China. [Wu Yuan-Fang] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Wu Yuan-Fang] Huazhong Normal Univ, Key Lab Quark & Lepton Phys, Minist Educ, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China. RP Li, L (reprint author), Cent China Normal Univ, Inst Particle Phys, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China. EM lilin@iopp.cenu.edu.cn FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [10835005]; MOE of China [1RT0624, B08033] FX Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (10835005) and MOE of China (1RT0624, B08033) NR 26 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU CHINESE PHYSICAL SOC PI BEIJING PA P O BOX 603, BEIJING 100080, PEOPLES R CHINA SN 1674-1137 J9 CHINESE PHYS C JI Chin. Phys. C PD MAY PY 2012 VL 36 IS 5 BP 423 EP 428 DI 10.1088/1674-1137/36/5/007 PG 6 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 939BN UT WOS:000303781900007 ER PT J AU Lashuk, I Chandramowlishwaran, A Langston, H Nguyen, TA Sampath, R Shringarpure, A Vuduc, R Ying, LX Zorin, D Biros, G AF Lashuk, Ilya Chandramowlishwaran, Aparna Langston, Harper Tuan-Anh Nguyen Sampath, Rahul Shringarpure, Aashay Vuduc, Richard Ying, Lexing Zorin, Denis Biros, George TI A Massively Parallel Adaptive Fast Multipole Method on Heterogeneous Architectures SO COMMUNICATIONS OF THE ACM LA English DT Article ID PARTICLE SIMULATIONS; ALGORITHM; IMPLEMENTATION; OCTREES AB We describe a parallel fast multipole method (FMM) for highly nonuniform distributions of particles. We employ both distributed memory parallelism (via MPI) and shared memory parallelism (via OpenMP and GPU acceleration) to rapidly evaluate two-body nonoscillatory potentials in three dimensions on heterogeneous high performance computing architectures. We have performed scalability tests with up to 30 billion particles on 196,608 cores on the AMD/CRAY-based Jaguar system at ORNL. On a GPU-enabled system (NSF's Keeneland at Georgia Tech/ORNL), we observed 30x speedup over a single core CPU and 7x speedup over a multicore CPU implementation. By combining GPUs with MPI, we achieve less than 10 ns/particle and six digits of accuracy for a run with 48 million nonuniformly distributed particles on 192 GPUs. C1 [Lashuk, Ilya] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Inst Sci Comp Res, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Chandramowlishwaran, Aparna; Langston, Harper; Tuan-Anh Nguyen; Vuduc, Richard] Georgia Inst Technol, Coll Comp, Computat Sci & Engn Div, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Sampath, Rahul] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. [Biros, George] Univ Texas Austin, Inst Computat Engn & Sci, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Zorin, Denis] NYU, Courant Inst Math Sci, New York, NY USA. RP Lashuk, I (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Inst Sci Comp Res, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM lashuk2@llnl.gov; aparna@cc.gatech.edu; harper@cc.gatech.edu; tuananh@cc.gatech.edu; rahul.sampath@gmail.com; aashay.shringarpure@gmail.com; richie@cc.gatech.edu; lexing@math.utexas.edu; dzorin@cs.nyu.edu; gbiros@acm.org OI Vuduc, Richard/0000-0003-2178-138X FU U.S. National Science Foundation (NSF) [CNS-0929947, CCF-0833136, CAREER-0953100, OCI-0749285, OCI-0749334, OCI-1047980, CNS-0903447]; Semiconductor Research Corporation (SRC) [1981]; U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) [DEFC02-10ER26006/DE-SC0004915]; U.S. Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA); TeraGrid [ASC-070050N, CCR-090024, ASC-100019, MCA-04N026] FX This work was supported in part by the U.S. National Science Foundation (NSF) grants CNS-0929947, CCF-0833136, CAREER-0953100, OCI-0749285, OCI-0749334, OCI-1047980, CNS-0903447 and Semiconductor Research Corporation (SRC) award 1981, U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) grant DEFC02-10ER26006/DE-SC0004915, and a grant from the U.S. Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA). Any opinions, findings and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect those of NSF, SRC, DOE, or DARPA. Computing resources on the TeraGrid systems were provided under the TeraGrid allocation grants ASC-070050N, CCR-090024, ASC-100019, and MCA-04N026. We would like to thank the TeraGrid support staff, and also the staff and consultants at NCSA, TACC, and NICS from whom we have received significant assistance. NR 30 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 1 U2 10 PU ASSOC COMPUTING MACHINERY PI NEW YORK PA 2 PENN PLAZA, STE 701, NEW YORK, NY 10121-0701 USA SN 0001-0782 J9 COMMUN ACM JI Commun. ACM PD MAY PY 2012 VL 55 IS 5 BP 101 EP 109 DI 10.1145/2160718.2160740 PG 9 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Software Engineering; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA 937HK UT WOS:000303649400024 ER PT J AU Gagnon, AC Adkins, JF Erez, J AF Gagnon, Alexander C. Adkins, Jess F. Erez, Jonathan TI Seawater transport during coral biomineralization SO EARTH AND PLANETARY SCIENCE LETTERS LA English DT Article DE biomineralization; coral; NanoSIMS; paleoceanography; Me/Ca ID O-18 ISOTOPIC DISEQUILIBRIUM; SEA-SURFACE TEMPERATURE; GREAT-BARRIER-REEF; GALAXEA-FASCICULARIS; SCLERACTINIAN CORAL; HERMATYPIC CORALS; STYLOPHORA-PISTILLATA; BIOLOGICAL CARBONATES; CALCIFICATION; CALCIUM AB Cation transport during skeletal growth is a key process controlling metal/calcium (Me/Ca) paleoproxy behavior in coral. To characterize this transport, cultured corals were transferred into seawater enriched in the rare earth element Tb3 + as well as stable isotopes of calcium, strontium, and barium. Subsequent NanoSIMS ion images of each coral skeleton were used to follow uptake dynamics. These images show a continuous region corresponding to new growth that is homogeneously enriched in each tracer. Isotope ratio profiles across the new growth boundary transition rapidly from natural abundance ratios to a ratio matching the enriched culture solution. The location of this transition is the same for each element, within analytical resolution. The synchronous incorporation of all these cations, including the dissimilar ion terbium, which has no known biological function in coral, suggests that: (1) there is cation exchange between seawater and the calcifying fluid, and (2) these elements are influenced by similar transport mechanisms consistent with direct and rapid seawater transport to the site of calcification. Measured using isotope ratio profiles, seawater transport rates differ from place to place on the growing coral skeleton, with calcifying fluid turnover times from 30 min to 5.7 h. Despite these differences, all the elements measured in this study show the same transport dynamics at each location. Using an analytical geochemical model of biomineralization that includes direct seawater transport we constrain the role of active calcium pumping during calcification and we show that the balance between seawater transport and precipitation can explain observed Me/Ca variability in deep-sea coral. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Gagnon, Alexander C.] CALTECH, Div Chem, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Adkins, Jess F.] CALTECH, Div Geol & Planetary Sci, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Erez, Jonathan] Hebrew Univ Jerusalem, Inst Earth Sci, IL-91904 Jerusalem, Israel. RP Gagnon, AC (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Earth Sci, 1 Cyclotron Rd,Mail Stop 67R3208, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM acgagnon@lbl.gov; jess@gps.caltech.edu; erez@vms.huji.ac.il FU Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation FX NanoSIMS analysis was conducted using an instrument at the Caltech Center for Microanalysis which is supported in part by the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation. The confocal laser-scanning microscope is housed and maintained by the Caltech Biological Imaging Center. This manuscript benefited from constructive suggestions by two anonymous reviewers. NR 39 TC 43 Z9 46 U1 4 U2 77 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0012-821X J9 EARTH PLANET SC LETT JI Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. PD MAY 1 PY 2012 VL 329 BP 150 EP 161 DI 10.1016/j.epsl.2012.03.005 PG 12 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 936ZW UT WOS:000303629800015 ER PT J AU Robins, NA Hagan, NA AF Robins, Nicholas A. Hagan, Nicole A. TI Mercury Production and Use in Colonial Andean Silver Production: Emissions and Health Implications SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Article DE health effects; Huancavelica, Peru; mercury emissions; mercury production; Potosi, Bolivia; silver production ID POLLUTION; GOLD; HUANCAVELICA; EXPOSURE; WORKERS; MINES; VAPOR AB BACKGROUND: Colonial cinnabar mining and refining began in Huancavelica, Peru, in 1564. With a local source of mercury, the amalgamation process was adopted to refine silver in Potosi, Bolivia, in the early 1570s. As a result, large quantities of mercury were released into the environment. OBJECTIVES: We used archival, primary, and secondary sources to develop the first estimate of mercury emissions from cinnabar refining in Huancavelica and to revise previous estimates of emissions from silver refining in Potosi during the colonial period (1564-1810). DISCUSSION: Although other estimates of historical mercury emissions have recognized Potosi as a significant source, Huancavelica has been overlooked. In addition, previous estimates of mercury emissions from silver refining under estimated emissions because of unrecorded (contra band) production and volatilization of mercury during processing and recovery. Archival descriptions document behavioral and health issues during the colonial period that are consistent with known effects of mercury intoxication. CONCLUSIONS: According to our calculations, between 1564 and 1810, an estimated 17,000 metric tons of mercury vapor were emitted from cinnabar smelting in Huancavelica, and an estimated 39,000 metric tons were released as vapor during silver refining operations in Potosi. Huancavelica and Potosi combined contributed > 25% of the 196,000 metric tons of mercury vapor emissions in all of Latin America between 1500 and 1800. The historical record is laden with evidence of mercury intoxication consistent with effects recognized today. Our estimates serve as the foundation of investigations of present-day contamination in Huancavelica and Potosi resulting from historical emissions of mercury. C1 [Robins, Nicholas A.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Hist, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Robins, Nicholas A.; Hagan, Nicole A.] US EPA, Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Robins, NA (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Hist, Withers Hall 467, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM narobins@ncsu.edu FU National Archive and Library of Bolivia; Oak Ridge Institute of Science and Education; Fulbright research grant FX N.A.R. thanks M. I. Calvimonte, director of the National Archive and Library of Bolivia, as well as her staff, for their support of the research for this article; R.J. Ruiz Ortiz, director of the Casa Nacional de Moneda in Potosi, and J.A. Fuertes Lopez, director of the Casa Nacional's Historical Archive, as well as his staff, for their assistance with this research; and D. Ballivian, J. Graff, and K. DeWindt for their assistance. Both authors thank M. Morris, G. Woodall, and J. Vandenberg for their assistance and comments in the development of the manuscript.; This research was supported in part by Oak Ridge Institute of Science and Education fellowships at the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Center for Environmental Assessment, Office of Research and Development and by a Fulbright research grant to N.A.R. for work related to this project. NR 77 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 22 PU US DEPT HEALTH HUMAN SCIENCES PUBLIC HEALTH SCIENCE PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA NATL INST HEALTH, NATL INST ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES, PO BOX 12233, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-2233 USA SN 0091-6765 J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP JI Environ. Health Perspect. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 120 IS 5 BP 627 EP 631 DI 10.1289/ehp.1104192 PG 5 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 935UF UT WOS:000303546000023 PM 22334094 ER PT J AU Grieser, M Litvinov, YA Raabe, R Blaum, K Blumenfeld, Y Butler, PA Wenander, F Woods, PJ Aliotta, M Andreyev, A Artemyev, A Atanasov, D Aumann, T Balabanski, D Barzakh, A Batist, L Bernardes, AP Bernhardt, D Billowes, J Bishop, S Borge, M Borzov, I Bosch, F Boston, AJ Brandau, C Catford, W Catherall, R Cederkall, J Cullen, D Davinson, T Dillmann, I Dimopoulou, C Dracoulis, G Dullmann, CE Egelhof, P Estrade, A Fischer, D Flanagan, K Fraile, L Fraser, MA Freeman, SJ Geissel, H Gerl, J Greenlees, P Grisenti, RE Habs, D von Hahn, R Hagmann, S Hausmann, M He, JJ Heil, M Huyse, M Jenkins, D Jokinen, A Jonson, B Joss, DT Kadi, Y Kalantar-Nayestanaki, N Kay, BP Kiselev, O Kluge, HJ Kowalska, M Kozhuharov, C Kreim, S Kroll, T Kurcewicz, J Labiche, M Lemmon, RC Lestinsky, M Lotay, G Ma, XW Marta, M Meng, J Mucher, D Mukha, I Muller, A Murphy, ASJ Neyens, G Nilsson, T Nociforo, C Nortershauser, W Page, RD Pasini, M Petridis, N Pietralla, N Pfutzner, M Podolyak, Z Regan, P Reed, MW Reifarth, R Reiter, P Repnow, R Riisager, K Rubio, B Sanjari, MS Savin, DW Scheidenberger, C Schippers, S Schneider, D Schuch, R Schwalm, D Schweikhard, L Shubina, D Siesling, E Simon, H Simpson, J Smith, J Sonnabend, K Steck, M Stora, T Stohlker, T Sun, B Surzhykov, A Suzaki, F Tarasov, O Trotsenko, S Tu, XL Van Duppen, P Volpe, C Voulot, D Walker, PM Wildner, E Winckler, N Winters, DFA Wolf, A Xu, HS Yakushev, A Yamaguchi, T Yuan, YJ Zhang, YH Zuber, K AF Grieser, M. Litvinov, Yu. A. Raabe, R. Blaum, K. Blumenfeld, Y. Butler, P. A. Wenander, F. Woods, P. J. Aliotta, M. Andreyev, A. Artemyev, A. Atanasov, D. Aumann, T. Balabanski, D. Barzakh, A. Batist, L. Bernardes, A. -P. Bernhardt, D. Billowes, J. Bishop, S. Borge, M. Borzov, I. Bosch, F. Boston, A. J. Brandau, C. Catford, W. Catherall, R. Cederkall, J. Cullen, D. Davinson, T. Dillmann, I. Dimopoulou, C. Dracoulis, G. Duellmann, Ch. E. Egelhof, P. Estrade, A. Fischer, D. Flanagan, K. Fraile, L. Fraser, M. A. Freeman, S. J. Geissel, H. Gerl, J. Greenlees, P. Grisenti, R. E. Habs, D. von Hahn, R. Hagmann, S. Hausmann, M. He, J. J. Heil, M. Huyse, M. Jenkins, D. Jokinen, A. Jonson, B. Joss, D. T. Kadi, Y. Kalantar-Nayestanaki, N. Kay, B. P. Kiselev, O. Kluge, H. -J. Kowalska, M. Kozhuharov, C. Kreim, S. Kroell, T. Kurcewicz, J. Labiche, M. Lemmon, R. C. Lestinsky, M. Lotay, G. Ma, X. W. Marta, M. Meng, J. Muecher, D. Mukha, I. Mueller, A. Murphy, A. St J. Neyens, G. Nilsson, T. Nociforo, C. Noertershaeuser, W. Page, R. D. Pasini, M. Petridis, N. Pietralla, N. Pfuetzner, M. Podolyak, Z. Regan, P. Reed, M. W. Reifarth, R. Reiter, P. Repnow, R. Riisager, K. Rubio, B. Sanjari, M. S. Savin, D. W. Scheidenberger, C. Schippers, S. Schneider, D. Schuch, R. Schwalm, D. Schweikhard, L. Shubina, D. Siesling, E. Simon, H. Simpson, J. Smith, J. Sonnabend, K. Steck, M. Stora, T. Stoehlker, T. Sun, B. Surzhykov, A. Suzaki, F. Tarasov, O. Trotsenko, S. Tu, X. L. Van Duppen, P. Volpe, C. Voulot, D. Walker, P. M. Wildner, E. Winckler, N. Winters, D. F. A. Wolf, A. Xu, H. S. Yakushev, A. Yamaguchi, T. Yuan, Y. J. Zhang, Y. H. Zuber, K. TI Storage ring at HIE-ISOLDE Technical design report SO EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL-SPECIAL TOPICS LA English DT Review ID ORBITAL ELECTRON-CAPTURE; FRS-ESR FACILITY; CROSS-SECTION MEASUREMENTS; CORE-COLLAPSE SUPERNOVAE; HIGHLY-CHARGED IONS; BETA-DECAY; EXOTIC NUCLEI; DIELECTRONIC RECOMBINATION; RADIOACTIVE BEAMS; GROUND-STATE AB We propose to install a storage ring at an ISOL-type radioactive beam facility for the first time. Specifically, we intend to setup the heavy-ion, low-energy ring TSR at the HIE-ISOLDE facility in CERN, Geneva. Such a facility will provide a capability for experiments with stored secondary beams that is unique in the world. The envisaged physics programme is rich and varied, spanning from investigations of nuclear ground-state properties and reaction studies of astrophysical relevance, to investigations with highly-charged ions and pure isomeric beams. The TSR might also be employed for removal of isobaric contaminants from stored ion beams and for systematic studies within the neutrino beam programme. In addition to experiments performed using beams recirculating within the ring, cooled beams can also be extracted and exploited by external spectrometers for high-precision measurements. The existing TSR, which is presently in operation at the Max-Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics in Heidelberg, is well-suited and can be employed for this purpose. The physics cases as well as technical details of the existing ring facility and of the beam and infrastructure requirements at HIE-ISOLDE are discussed in the present technical design report. C1 [Grieser, M.; Blaum, K.; Fischer, D.; von Hahn, R.; Kreim, S.; Repnow, R.; Schwalm, D.; Shubina, D.; Winckler, N.; Wolf, A.] Max Planck Inst Kernphys, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany. [Litvinov, Yu. A.; Blaum, K.; Artemyev, A.; Surzhykov, A.] Heidelberg Univ, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany. [Litvinov, Yu. A.; Aumann, T.; Bosch, F.; Dillmann, I.; Dimopoulou, C.; Duellmann, Ch. E.; Egelhof, P.; Estrade, A.; Geissel, H.; Gerl, J.; Grisenti, R. E.; Heil, M.; Kiselev, O.; Kluge, H. -J.; Kozhuharov, C.; Lestinsky, M.; Marta, M.; Mukha, I.; Nociforo, C.; Scheidenberger, C.; Simon, H.; Steck, M.; Stoehlker, T.; Winters, D. F. A.; Yakushev, A.] GSI Helmholtzzentrum Schwerionenforsch, D-64291 Darmstadt, Germany. [Raabe, R.; Huyse, M.; Neyens, G.; Van Duppen, P.] Katholieke Univ Leuven, Inst Kern Stralingsfys, B-3001 Louvain, Belgium. [Blumenfeld, Y.; Wenander, F.; Bernardes, A. -P.; Catherall, R.; Cederkall, J.; Flanagan, K.; Fraser, M. A.; Kadi, Y.; Kowalska, M.; Kreim, S.; Kurcewicz, J.; Pasini, M.; Siesling, E.; Stora, T.; Voulot, D.; Walker, P. M.; Wildner, E.] CERN, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland. [Butler, P. A.; Boston, A. J.; Joss, D. T.; Page, R. D.] Univ Liverpool, Dept Phys, Liverpool L69 7ZE, Merseyside, England. [Woods, P. J.; Aliotta, M.; Davinson, T.; Lotay, G.; Murphy, A. St J.] Univ Edinburgh, Sch Phys & Astron, Edinburgh EH9 3JZ, Midlothian, Scotland. [Andreyev, A.; Smith, J.] Univ W Scotland, Paisley PA1 2BE, Renfrew, Scotland. [Atanasov, D.] Sofia Univ St Kliment Ohridski, Fac Phys, Sofia 1164, Bulgaria. [Aumann, T.; Gerl, J.; Kroell, T.; Pietralla, N.] Tech Univ Darmstadt, Inst Kernphys, D-64289 Darmstadt, Germany. [Balabanski, D.] Bulgarian Acad Sci, Inst Nucl Res & Nucl Energy, BU-1784 Sofia, Bulgaria. [Barzakh, A.; Batist, L.] Petersburg Nucl Phys Inst, Gatchina 188350, Russia. [Bernhardt, D.; Mueller, A.; Schippers, S.] Univ Giessen, Inst Atom & Mol Phys, D-35392 Giessen, Germany. [Billowes, J.; Cullen, D.; Flanagan, K.; Freeman, S. J.] Univ Manchester, Sch Phys & Astron, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England. [Bishop, S.; Muecher, D.] Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept E12, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Borge, M.] CSIC, Inst Estruct Mat, E-28006 Madrid, Spain. [Borzov, I.] Ctr Jadernykh Dannykh, Fiziko Energeticheskij Inst, Obninsk 249033, Russia. [Brandau, C.] ExtreMe Matter Inst EMMI, D-64291 Darmstadt, Germany. [Brandau, C.] FIAS, D-60438 Frankfurt, Germany. [Catford, W.; Podolyak, Z.; Regan, P.; Reed, M. W.; Walker, P. M.] Univ Surrey, Dept Phys, Guildford GU2 7XH, Surrey, England. [Cederkall, J.] Lund Univ, Dept Phys, S-22100 Lund, Sweden. [Dillmann, I.; Geissel, H.; Scheidenberger, C.] Univ Giessen, Inst Phys 2, D-35392 Giessen, Germany. [Dracoulis, G.; Reed, M. W.] Australian Natl Univ, Dept Nucl Phys, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia. [Duellmann, Ch. E.; Noertershaeuser, W.] Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Kernchem, D-55128 Mainz, Germany. [Duellmann, Ch. E.] Helmholtz Inst Mainz, D-55099 Mainz, Germany. [Fraile, L.] Univ Complutense, Fac Fis, E-28040 Madrid, Spain. [Greenlees, P.; Jokinen, A.] Univ Jyvaskyla, Dept Phys, Jyvaskyla 40014, Finland. [Greenlees, P.; Jokinen, A.] Univ Helsinki, Helsinki Inst Phys, FIN-00014 Helsinki, Finland. [Grisenti, R. E.; Hagmann, S.; Petridis, N.; Reifarth, R.; Sanjari, M. S.; Sonnabend, K.] Goethe Univ Frankfurt, D-60438 Frankfurt, Germany. [Habs, D.] Univ Munich, Fak Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Hausmann, M.; Tarasov, O.] Michigan State Univ, NSCL, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [He, J. J.; Ma, X. W.; Tu, X. L.; Xu, H. S.; Yuan, Y. J.; Zhang, Y. H.] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Modern Phys, Lanzhou 730000, Peoples R China. [Jenkins, D.; Kay, B. P.] Univ York, Dept Phys, York YO10 5DD, N Yorkshire, England. [Jonson, B.; Nilsson, T.] Chalmers, Dept Fundamental Phys, S-41296 Gothenburg, Sweden. [Kalantar-Nayestanaki, N.] Univ Groningen, KVI, NL-9747 AA Groningen, Netherlands. [Labiche, M.; Lemmon, R. C.; Simpson, J.] STFC Daresbury Lab, Nucl Phys Grp, Warrington WA4 4AD, Cheshire, England. [Meng, J.; Sun, B.] Beihang Univ, Sch Phys & Nucl Energy Engn, Beijing 100191, Peoples R China. [Pfuetzner, M.] Univ Warsaw, Fac Phys, PL-00681 Warsaw, Poland. [Reiter, P.] Univ Cologne, Inst Kernphys, D-50937 Cologne, Germany. [Riisager, K.] Aarhus Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark. [Rubio, B.] CSIC Uni Valencia, Inst Fis Corpuscular, Valencia 46071, Spain. [Savin, D. W.] Columbia Univ, Columbia Astrophys Lab, New York, NY 10027 USA. [Schneider, D.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Schuch, R.] Stockholm Univ, Dept Atom Phys, AlbaNova, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Schwalm, D.] Weizmann Inst Sci, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel. [Schweikhard, L.] Ernst Moritz Arndt Univ Greifswald, Inst Phys, D-17487 Greifswald, Germany. [Stoehlker, T.] Univ Jena, D-07737 Jena, Germany. [Stoehlker, T.; Trotsenko, S.] Helmholtz Inst Jena, D-07743 Jena, Germany. [Suzaki, F.; Yamaguchi, T.] Saitama Univ, Dept Phys, Saitama 3388570, Japan. [Volpe, C.] IPN, F-91406 Orsay, France. [Zuber, K.] Tech Univ Dresden, Inst Kern & Teilchenphys, D-01069 Dresden, Germany. RP Grieser, M (reprint author), Max Planck Inst Kernphys, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany. RI Rubio, Berta/M-1060-2014; Flanagan, Kieran/B-7575-2015; Kalantar-Nayestanaki, Nasser/A-3582-2016; Schippers, Stefan/A-7786-2008; Sun, Baohua/C-6823-2009; Jokinen, Ari/C-2477-2017; Nilsson, Thomas/B-7705-2009; Muller, Alfred/A-3548-2009; Freeman, Sean/B-1280-2010; Bernhardt, Dietrich/G-5727-2012; Aliotta, Marialuisa /H-2567-2012; Savin, Daniel/B-9576-2012; Winters, Danyal/A-2933-2013; Nortershauser, Wilfried/A-6671-2013; Kay, Benjamin/F-3291-2011; Fraile, Luis/B-8668-2011; Meng, Jie/B-8548-2009; Jonson, Bjorn/B-2816-2014; Aumann, Thomas/B-1455-2012 OI Rubio, Berta/0000-0002-9149-4151; Flanagan, Kieran/0000-0003-0847-2662; Kalantar-Nayestanaki, Nasser/0000-0002-1033-7200; Schippers, Stefan/0000-0002-6166-7138; Sun, Baohua/0000-0001-9868-5711; Jokinen, Ari/0000-0002-0451-125X; Lemmon, Roy/0000-0002-1259-979X; Nilsson, Thomas/0000-0002-6990-947X; Muller, Alfred/0000-0002-0030-6929; Freeman, Sean/0000-0001-9773-4921; Savin, Daniel/0000-0002-1111-6610; Nortershauser, Wilfried/0000-0001-7432-3687; Kay, Benjamin/0000-0002-7438-0208; Fraile, Luis/0000-0002-6281-3635; Meng, Jie/0000-0002-0977-5318; FU UK STFC; AWE plc; BMBF [CHN 11/012]; Helmholtz Association [HA216/EMMI] FX We would like to thank the Max-Planck-Society, the ISOLDE Collaboration and the ISOLDE Technical Team for their strong support in the preparation of the TDR and the realization of this project. This work has been supported by the UK STFC, AWE plc, BMBF grant in the framework of the Internationale Zusammenarbeit in Bildung und Forschung Projekt-Nr. CHN 11/012, and by the Helmholtz Alliance Program of the Helmholtz Association, contract HA216/EMMI "Extremes of Density and Temperature: Cosmic Matter in the Laboratory". NR 270 TC 58 Z9 59 U1 2 U2 49 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 1951-6355 EI 1951-6401 J9 EUR PHYS J-SPEC TOP JI Eur. Phys. J.-Spec. Top. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 207 IS 1 BP 1 EP 117 DI 10.1140/epjst/e2012-01599-9 PG 117 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 941SR UT WOS:000303985700001 ER PT J AU Hsu, SC Awe, TJ Brockington, S Case, A Cassibry, JT Kagan, G Messer, SJ Stanic, M Tang, X Welch, DR Witherspoon, FD AF Hsu, S. C. Awe, T. J. Brockington, S. Case, A. Cassibry, J. T. Kagan, G. Messer, S. J. Stanic, M. Tang, X. Welch, D. R. Witherspoon, F. D. TI Spherically Imploding Plasma Liners as a Standoff Driver for Magnetoinertial Fusion SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PLASMA SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Fusion reactors; plasmas ID MAGNETIZED-TARGET-FUSION; PARAMETER SPACE; POWER-PLANT; ENERGY; COMPRESSION; DESIGN; BEAMS; WAVES AB Spherically imploding plasma liners formed by merging an array of high Mach number plasma jets are a proposed standoff driver for magnetoinertial fusion (MIF). This paper gives an updated concept-level overview of plasma liner MIF, including advanced notions such as standoff methods for forming and magnetizing the fuel target and liner shaping to optimize dwell time. Results from related 1-D radiation-hydrodynamic simulations of targetless plasma liner implosions are summarized along with new analysis on the efficiency of conversion of the initial liner kinetic energy to stagnation thermal energy. The plasma liner experiment (PLX), a multi-institutional collaboration led by the Los Alamos National Laboratory, plans to explore the feasibility of forming spherically imploding plasma liners via 30 merging plasma jets. In the near term, with modest pulsed power stored energy of less than or similar to 1.5 MJ, PLX is focusing on the generation of centimeter-, microsecond-, and megabar-scale plasmas for the fundamental study of high energy density laboratory plasmas. In the longer term, PLX can enable a research and development path to plasma liner MIF ultimately requiring compressing magnetized fusion fuel to greater than or similar to 100 Mbar. C1 [Hsu, S. C.; Awe, T. J.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Phys, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Brockington, S.; Case, A.; Messer, S. J.; Witherspoon, F. D.] HyperV Technol Corp, Chantilly, VA 20151 USA. [Cassibry, J. T.; Stanic, M.] Univ Alabama, Prop Res Ctr, Huntsville, AL 35899 USA. [Kagan, G.; Tang, X.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Welch, D. R.] Voss Sci, Albuquerque, NM 87108 USA. RP Hsu, SC (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Phys, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM scotthsu@lanl.gov OI Hsu, Scott/0000-0002-6737-4934 FU Office of Fusion Energy Sciences of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC52-06NA25396, DE-FG02-05ER54810, DE-FG02-05ER54835, DE-SC0003560]; Los Alamos National Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) FX This work was supported in part by the Office of Fusion Energy Sciences of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract DE-AC52-06NA25396, Contract DE-FG02-05ER54810, Contract DE-FG02-05ER54835, and Contract DE-SC0003560, and in part by the Los Alamos National Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) Program. NR 65 TC 33 Z9 34 U1 1 U2 12 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0093-3813 EI 1939-9375 J9 IEEE T PLASMA SCI JI IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 40 IS 5 SI SI BP 1287 EP 1298 DI 10.1109/TPS.2012.2186829 PN 1 PG 12 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 940LB UT WOS:000303889900003 ER PT J AU Swab, JJ LaSalvia, JC Wereszczak, AA Strong, KT Danna, D Ragan, ME Ritt, PJ AF Swab, Jeffrey J. LaSalvia, Jerry C. Wereszczak, Andrew A. Strong, Kevin T., Jr. Danna, Dominic Ragan, Meredith E. Ritt, Patrick J. TI Knoop Hardness-Apparent Yield Stress Relationship in Ceramics SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF APPLIED CERAMIC TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID BRITTLE SOLIDS; INDENTATION; PLASTICITY; FRACTURE; GLASS AB In Tabor's classical studies of the deformation of metals, the yield stress (Y) and hardness (H) were shown to be related according to H/Y approximate to 3 for complete or fully plastic deformation. Since then it has been anecdotally shown for ceramics that this ratio is <3. Interest exists to explore this further so Hertzian indentation was used to measure the apparent yield stress of numerous ceramics and metals and their results were compared with each material's load-dependent Knoop hardness. The evaluated ceramics included standard reference materials for hardness (silicon nitride and tungsten carbide), silicon carbide, alumina, and glass. Several steel compositions were also tested for comparison. Knoop hardness measurements at 19.6 N (i.e., toward complete or fully plastic deformation), showed that 2 < H/Y < 3 for the metals and 0.8 < H/Y < 1.8 for the glasses and ceramics. Being that H/Y not equal 3 for the ceramics indicates that Tabor's analysis is either not applicable to ceramics or that full plastic deformation is not achieved with a Knoop indentation or both. C1 [Swab, Jeffrey J.; LaSalvia, Jerry C.] US Army, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. [Wereszczak, Andrew A.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Strong, Kevin T., Jr.; Danna, Dominic; Ragan, Meredith E.; Ritt, Patrick J.] Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Swab, JJ (reprint author), US Army, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. EM jeffrey.j.swab.civ@mail.mil RI Wereszczak, Andrew/I-7310-2016 OI Wereszczak, Andrew/0000-0002-8344-092X FU U.S. Army Tank-Automotive Research, Development and Engineering Center [DE-AC-00OR22725]; UT-Battelle, L.L.C. FX The portion of the work performed at ORNL was conducted under Work for Others funded by the U.S. Army Tank-Automotive Research, Development and Engineering Center, under contract DE-AC-00OR22725 with UT-Battelle, L.L.C. NR 21 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 14 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1546-542X J9 INT J APPL CERAM TEC JI Int. J. Appl. Ceram. Technol. PD MAY-JUN PY 2012 VL 9 IS 3 BP 650 EP 655 DI 10.1111/j.1744-7402.2011.02686.x PG 6 WC Materials Science, Ceramics SC Materials Science GA 937OJ UT WOS:000303667500020 ER PT J AU Mares, TE Radlinski, AP Moore, TA Cookson, D Thiyagarajan, P Ilavsky, J Klepp, J AF Mares, Tennille E. Radlinski, Andrzej P. Moore, Tim A. Cookson, David Thiyagarajan, P. Ilavsky, Jan Klepp, Juergen TI Location and distribution of inorganic material in a low ash yield, subbituminous coal SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COAL GEOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Small angle scattering; Mineral matter; Microstructure; Subbituminous coal; New Zealand ID ANGLE NEUTRON-SCATTERING; LOW-RANK COALS; MINERAL MATTER; NEW-ZEALAND; ELEMENTAL COMPOSITION; ELECTRON-MICROPROBE; AUSTRALIAN COALS; HUNTLY COALFIELD; SOURCE ROCKS; HEAVY-METAL AB Previous studies of mineral matter in low ash yield, low rank coals have suggested that much of the inorganic material is present as organically bound elements rather than as discrete minerals. This study investigates the location and occurrence of this inorganic material to the angstrom level using non-invasive small angle scattering techniques. Microstructural analysis conducted on matrix and vitrain samples, collected from the subbituminous coals of the Huntly coalfield, found that the inorganic material is located in the 12.5 angstrom2 separations". B.S. was supported as part of the Center for Gas Separations Relevant to Clean Energy Technologies, an Energy Frontier Research Center funded by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences under Award No. DE-SC0001015. NR 41 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 1 U2 25 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1549-9618 EI 1549-9626 J9 J CHEM THEORY COMPUT JI J. Chem. Theory Comput. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 8 IS 5 BP 1684 EP 1693 DI 10.1021/ct200787v PG 10 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 936ZI UT WOS:000303628400018 PM 26593662 ER PT J AU Ganguly, P Mukherji, D Junghans, C van der Vegt, NFA AF Ganguly, Pritam Mukherji, Debashish Junghans, Christoph van der Vegt, Nico F. A. TI Kirkwood-Buff Coarse-Grained Force Fields for Aqueous Solutions SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL THEORY AND COMPUTATION LA English DT Article ID INTERACTION POTENTIALS; PROTEIN DENATURATION; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; SIMULATIONS; UREA; MODEL; EQUILIBRIUM; BENZENE; WATER AB We present an approach to systematically coarse-grain liquid mixtures using the fluctuation solution theory of Kirkwood and Buff in conjunction with the iterative Boltzmann inversion method. The approach preserves both the liquid structure at pair level and the dependence of solvation free energies on solvent composition within a unified coarse-graining framework. To test the robustness of our approach, we simulated urea water and benzene water systems at different concentrations. For urea water, three different coarse-grained potentials were developed at different urea concentrations, in order to extend the simulations of urea water mixtures up to 8 molar urea concentration. In spite of their inherent state point dependence, we find that the single-site models for urea and water are transferable in concentration windows of approximately 2 M. We discuss the development and application of these solvent models in coarse-grained biomolecular simulations. C1 [Ganguly, Pritam; van der Vegt, Nico F. A.] Tech Univ Darmstadt, Ctr Smart Interfaces, D-64287 Darmstadt, Germany. [Mukherji, Debashish; Junghans, Christoph] Max Planck Inst Polymer Res, D-55128 Mainz, Germany. [Junghans, Christoph] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theory, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP van der Vegt, NFA (reprint author), Tech Univ Darmstadt, Ctr Smart Interfaces, Petersenstr 30, D-64287 Darmstadt, Germany. EM vandervegt@csi.tu-darmstadt.de RI Junghans, Christoph/G-4238-2010; Ganguly, Pritam/F-6765-2011; van der Vegt, Nico/B-3441-2010; MPIP, Theory/I-9884-2014 OI Junghans, Christoph/0000-0003-0925-1458; Ganguly, Pritam/0000-0002-6299-3111; van der Vegt, Nico/0000-0003-2880-6383; NR 34 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 1 U2 30 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1549-9618 J9 J CHEM THEORY COMPUT JI J. Chem. Theory Comput. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 8 IS 5 BP 1802 EP 1807 DI 10.1021/ct3000958 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 936ZI UT WOS:000303628400030 PM 26593671 ER PT J AU Lawrence, PJ Feddema, JJ Bonan, GB Meehl, GA O'Neill, BC Oleson, KW Levis, S Lawrence, DM Kluzek, E Lindsay, K Thornton, PE AF Lawrence, Peter J. Feddema, Johannes J. Bonan, Gordon B. Meehl, Gerald A. O'Neill, Brian C. Oleson, Keith W. Levis, Samuel Lawrence, David M. Kluzek, Erik Lindsay, Keith Thornton, Peter E. TI Simulating the Biogeochemical and Biogeophysical Impacts of Transient Land Cover Change and Wood Harvest in the Community Climate System Model (CCSM4) from 1850 to 2100 SO JOURNAL OF CLIMATE LA English DT Article ID SECONDARY LANDS; USE TRANSITIONS; CARBON; SCENARIOS AB To assess the climate impacts of historical and projected land cover change in the Community Climate System Model, version 4 (CCSM4), new time series of transient Community Land Model, version 4 (CLM4) plant functional type (PFT) and wood harvest parameters have been developed. The new parameters capture the dynamics of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase 5 (CMIP5) land cover change and wood harvest trajectories for the historical period from 1850 to 2005 and for the four representative concentration pathway (RCP) scenarios from 2006 to 2100. Analysis of the biogeochemical impacts of land cover change in CCSM4 reveals that the model produced a historical cumulative land use flux of 127.7 PgC from 1850 to 2005, which is in general agreement with other global estimates of 156 PgC for the same period. The biogeophysical impacts of the transient land cover change parameters were cooling of the near-surface atmosphere over land by -0.1 degrees C, through increased surface albedo and reduced shortwave radiation absorption. When combined with other transient climate forcings, the higher albedo from land cover change was counteracted by decreasing snow albedo from black carbon deposition and high-latitude warming. The future CCSM4 RCP simulations showed that the CLM4 transient PFT parameters can be used to represent a wide range of land cover change scenarios. In the reforestation scenario of RCP 4.5, CCSM4 simulated a drawdown of 67.3 PgC from the atmosphere into the terrestrial ecosystem and product pools. By contrast the RCP 8.5 scenario with deforestation and high wood harvest resulted in the release of 30.3 PgC currently stored in the ecosystem. C1 [Lawrence, Peter J.; Bonan, Gordon B.; Meehl, Gerald A.; O'Neill, Brian C.; Oleson, Keith W.; Levis, Samuel; Lawrence, David M.; Kluzek, Erik; Lindsay, Keith] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. [Feddema, Johannes J.] Univ Kansas, Dept Geog, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. [Thornton, Peter E.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Lawrence, PJ (reprint author), Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, POB 3000, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. EM lawrence@ucar.edu RI Feddema, Johannes/J-4400-2012; Lawrence, David/C-4026-2011; Oleson, Keith/A-9328-2008; O'Neill, Brian/E-6531-2013; Thornton, Peter/B-9145-2012 OI Feddema, Johannes/0000-0002-0800-0908; Lawrence, David/0000-0002-2968-3023; Thornton, Peter/0000-0002-4759-5158 FU National Science Foundation [ATM-0107404, ATM-0413540]; Community Climate System Model (CCSM) Land and Biogeochemistry Working Groups; Weather and Climate Impact Assessment Science Initiative; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Biological and Environmental Research; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC05-00OR22725]; University of Kansas, Center for Research FX The National Center for Atmospheric Research is sponsored by the National Science Foundation.; This work was supported by the Community Climate System Model (CCSM) Land and Biogeochemistry Working Groups, and the Weather and Climate Impact Assessment Science Initiative, which are all sponsored by the National Science Foundation. Thanks also are due to the software engineers and scientists who worked on developing CCSM4 and to the Computational and Information Systems Laboratory at NCAR, which provided the computing resources through the Climate Simulation Laboratory. This study also was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Biological and Environmental Research. Oak Ridge National Laboratory is managed by UT-Battelle, LLC for the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract DE-AC05-00OR22725. This work also was supported by the National Science Foundation Grants ATM-0107404 and ATM-0413540, and the University of Kansas, Center for Research. GLM transient land cover change and wood harvest data were provided by the CMIP5 land use harmonization team of George Hurtt, Louise Parsons Chini, and Steve Frolking. MODIS land surface products were provided by the MODIS Land Science Team. Historical cropping and potential vegetation data were provided by the Center for Sustainability and the Global Environment at the University of Wisconsin and by Navin Ramankutty at McGill University. NR 22 TC 91 Z9 95 U1 5 U2 72 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0894-8755 J9 J CLIMATE JI J. Clim. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 25 IS 9 BP 3071 EP 3095 DI 10.1175/JCLI-D-11-00256.1 PG 25 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 939OV UT WOS:000303822700002 ER PT J AU Li, JN Chylek, P AF Li, Jiangnan Chylek, Petr TI Atmospheric Entropy. Part I: Climate Dissipation Structure SO JOURNAL OF CLIMATE LA English DT Article ID RADIATIVE-CONVECTIVE EQUILIBRIUM; HEAT-TRANSPORT; SYSTEM; MODELS; BUDGET; EARTH AB Atmospheric entropy and its association with climate dissipation are investigated. The balance equation for entropy is derived through the mean and transient thermal and moisture equations. The entropy production contains the internal and external parts. The external entropy production, due to small-scale diabatic heating, can be evaluated by the surface entropy flux. Using NCEP data from 1998 to 2007, it is found that the surface entropy flux is much larger in the tropics than in the extratropics. In the December-February (DJF) Northern Hemisphere, there are two strong positive centers of boundary layer supply of entropy: one is in the northwestern Pacific and the other is in the western Atlantic. The external entropy production, due to large-scale eddy flow, can be evaluated by the convergence of eddy entropy flow. It is found that the large-scale eddy entropy flow is divergent in the midlatitudes and convergent in the higher latitudes. The internal entropy production shows the dissipation to the orderly thermal structure. For the internal entropy production due to a large-scale eddy, it is shown that in the Northern Hemisphere during DJF there are three maxima, located in the western Pacific, western Atlantic, and northern polar regions. This illustrates the dissipation of the highly organized thermal structure in such regions. An interesting finding is that the large-scale eddy internal entropy production is negative in the lower stratosphere. It is found that the long-time-averaged global mean of the internal entropy production is 0.037 49 W m(-2) K-1. By including the entropy sink from radiation, the total entropy production is close to balance. C1 [Li, Jiangnan] Univ Victoria, Canadian Ctr Climate Modelling & Anal, Sci & Technol Branch, Environm Canada, Victoria, BC V8W 3V6, Canada. [Chylek, Petr] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA. RP Li, JN (reprint author), Univ Victoria, Canadian Ctr Climate Modelling & Anal, Sci & Technol Branch, Environm Canada, POB 3065 STN CSC, Victoria, BC V8W 3V6, Canada. EM jiangnan.li@ec.gc.ca RI Li, Jiangnan/J-6262-2016 NR 34 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 6 U2 11 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0894-8755 J9 J CLIMATE JI J. Clim. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 25 IS 9 BP 3173 EP 3190 DI 10.1175/2011JCLI4234.1 PG 18 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 939OV UT WOS:000303822700007 ER PT J AU Yuan, WH Yu, RC Zhang, MH Lin, WY Chen, HM Li, J AF Yuan, Weihua Yu, Rucong Zhang, Minghua Lin, Wuyin Chen, Haoming Li, Jian TI Regimes of Diurnal Variation of Summer Rainfall over Subtropical East Asia SO JOURNAL OF CLIMATE LA English DT Article ID TIBETAN PLATEAU; WARM-SEASON; PRECIPITATION RADAR; SURFACE WIND; CHINA; CYCLE; TRMM; VARIABILITY; CONVECTION; CLIMATE AB Using hourly rain gauge records and Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission 3B42 from 1998 to 2006, the authors present an analysis of the diurnal characteristics of summer rainfall over subtropical East Asia. The study shows that there are four different regimes of distinct diurnal variation of rainfall in both the rain gauge and the satellite data. They are located over the Tibetan Plateau with late-afternoon and midnight peaks, in the western China plain with midnight to early-morning peaks, in the eastern China plain with double peaks in late afternoon and early morning, and over the East China Sea with an early-morning peak. No propagation of diurnal phases is found from the land to the ocean across the coastlines. The different diurnal regimes are highly correlated with the inhomogeneous underlying surface, such as the plateau, plain, and ocean, with physical mechanisms consistent with the large-scale "mountain-valley" and "land-sea" breezes and convective instability. These diurnal characteristics over subtropical East Asia can be used as diagnostic metrics to evaluate the physical parameterization and hydrological cycle of climate models over East Asia. C1 [Yu, Rucong] Chinese Acad Meteorol Sci, LASW, China Meteorol Adm, Beijing 100081, Peoples R China. [Yuan, Weihua] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Atmospher Phys, LASG, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Zhang, Minghua] SUNY Stony Brook, Inst Terr & Planetary Atmospheres, Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. [Lin, Wuyin] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Brookhaven, NY USA. [Yuan, Weihua] Chinese Acad Sci, Grad Sch, Beijing, Peoples R China. RP Yu, RC (reprint author), Chinese Acad Meteorol Sci, LASW, China Meteorol Adm, 46 Zhongguancun Nandajie, Beijing 100081, Peoples R China. EM yrc@lasg.iap.ac.cn FU Major National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program) on Global Change [2010CB951902, 2010CB951800]; National Natural Science Foundation of China [40921003]; U.S. Department of Energy FX This work was supported by the Major National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program) on Global Change under Grant 2010CB951902 and Grant 2010CB951800, the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant 40921003, and a grant from the U.S. Department of Energy to Stony Brook University. NR 61 TC 22 Z9 24 U1 4 U2 16 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0894-8755 J9 J CLIMATE JI J. Clim. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 25 IS 9 BP 3307 EP 3320 DI 10.1175/JCLI-D-11-00288.1 PG 14 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 939OV UT WOS:000303822700015 ER PT J AU Choi, KH Reavis, RE Osterberg, DD Jaques, BJ Butt, DP Mariani, RD Burkes, DE Munir, ZA AF Choi, Kwanghoon Reavis, Richard E. Osterberg, Daniel D. Jaques, Brian J. Butt, Darryl P. Mariani, Robert D. Burkes, Douglas E. Munir, Zuhair A. TI Effect of Dysprosia Additive on the Consolidation of CeO2 by Spark Plasma Sintering SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID TETRAGONAL ZIRCONIA POLYCRYSTALS; GRAIN-GROWTH; ELECTRIC-FIELD; PLASTIC-DEFORMATION; SOLID ELECTROLYTES; OXIDE CERAMICS; HEATING RATE; DOPED CERIA; KINETICS; PRESSURE AB The influence of dysprosia addition on the sintering and resulting microstructure of nano-grained CeO2 ceramics was investigated as functions of the spark plasma sintering parameters. The addition of Dy2O3 (forming a solid solution) resulted in an increase in relative density and a decrease in grain size in sintered samples. The relative density of samples with Dy2O3 content of 6 and 10mol% was over 95% when sintered at 1050 degrees C under 500MPa for holding times as short as 5min. The application of high pressure facilitated the consolidation to relatively high densities with minimal grain growth. Heating rate and holding time, however, had insignificant effect on density but a measurable effect on grain size. C1 [Choi, Kwanghoon; Munir, Zuhair A.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Reavis, Richard E.; Osterberg, Daniel D.; Jaques, Brian J.; Butt, Darryl P.] Boise State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Boise, ID 83725 USA. [Mariani, Robert D.; Burkes, Douglas E.] Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. RP Munir, ZA (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM zamunir@ucdavis.edu OI Jaques, Brian/0000-0002-5324-555X FU U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) through the Battelle Energy Alliance; Idaho National laboratory FX Financial support for this project was provided by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) through the Battelle Energy Alliance and by the Idaho National laboratory, managed by Battelle Energy Alliance. NR 46 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 15 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0002-7820 J9 J AM CERAM SOC JI J. Am. Ceram. Soc. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 95 IS 5 BP 1524 EP 1529 DI 10.1111/j.1551-2916.2011.05054.x PG 6 WC Materials Science, Ceramics SC Materials Science GA 939GP UT WOS:000303797500012 ER PT J AU Friant, JR Meier, A Darsell, JT Weil, KS AF Friant, Jared R. Meier, Alan Darsell, Jens T. Weil, K. Scott TI Transitions in Wetting Behavior Between Liquid Ag-CuO Alloys and Al2O3Substrates SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID COPPER-COPPER OXIDE; POLYCRYSTALLINE ALUMINA; AIR BRAZE; INTERFACE; WETTABILITY; SAPPHIRE; CERAMICS; STRENGTH; SOFCS AB The study reported here examines wetting between Al2O3 and a series of AgCuO air braze filler metals. Based on in-situ contact angle measurements, two transitions in wetting behavior were identified in the composition range of 040mol% CuO. The first transition occurs directly at the miscibility gap boundary composition (for a given temperature) of the AgCuO phase diagram and is attributable to the presence of two liquid phases, one of which is rich in copper oxide and preferentially wets the alumina substrate via the mechanism predicted by Cahn's critical point wetting theory. The second transition occurs at a filler metal composition that falls well within the miscibility gap for the AgCuO system and may occur due to the formation of a reaction product between the substrate and the molten filler metal, as denoted by small, discontinuous reaction regions. C1 [Friant, Jared R.; Meier, Alan] Alfred Univ, Inamori Sch Engn, Alfred, NY 14802 USA. [Meier, Alan] Univ Montana, Montana Tech, Butte, MT 59701 USA. [Darsell, Jens T.; Weil, K. Scott] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Friant, JR (reprint author), Alcon Labs Inc, Alcoa Ctr, PA 15069 USA. EM jared.friant@gmail.com FU United States Department of Energy (U.S. DOE) [DE-AC06-76RLO 1830]; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Energy Efficiency, and Renewable Energy; Alfred University FX The Pacific Northwest National Laboratory is operated by Battelle Memorial Institute for the United States Department of Energy (U.S. DOE) under Contract DE-AC06-76RLO 1830.; This work was co-supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Energy Efficiency, and Renewable Energy and Alfred University. A special thank you to Gerald Wynick and Istvan Szabo of Alfred University for assistance with EPMA and XPS analysis conducted during this study. NR 26 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 32 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0002-7820 J9 J AM CERAM SOC JI J. Am. Ceram. Soc. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 95 IS 5 BP 1549 EP 1555 DI 10.1111/j.1551-2916.2012.05094.x PG 7 WC Materials Science, Ceramics SC Materials Science GA 939GP UT WOS:000303797500016 ER PT J AU Shyam, A Lara-Curzio, E Pandey, A Watkins, TR More, KL AF Shyam, Amit Lara-Curzio, Edgar Pandey, Amit Watkins, Thomas R. More, Karren L. TI The Thermal Expansion, Elastic and Fracture Properties of Porous Cordierite at Elevated Temperatures SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID DIESEL PARTICULATE FILTERS; GRAIN-SIZE DEPENDENCE; SLOW CRACK-GROWTH; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; ALUMINUM TITANATE; CRYSTAL-CHEMISTRY; CERAMICS; BEHAVIOR; ANISOTROPY; TOUGHNESS AB The properties that determine the thermal shock resistance in materials are reported for porous cordierite, a leading candidate material for the fabrication of diesel particulate filters. Fracture toughness and slow crack growth tests were performed on test specimens obtained from the walls of diesel particulate filter monolithic substrates using the double-torsion test method at temperatures between 20 degrees C and 900 degrees C. The thermal expansion and elastic properties were characterized between 20 degrees C and 1000 degrees C. The role of the microstructure of porous cordierite in determining its unusual thermal expansion and elevated temperature Young's modulus and fracture toughness are discussed. C1 [Shyam, Amit; Lara-Curzio, Edgar; Pandey, Amit; Watkins, Thomas R.; More, Karren L.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Shyam, A (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM shyama@ornl.gov RI Pandey, Amit/B-2243-2010; More, Karren/A-8097-2016; Watkins, Thomas/D-8750-2016 OI More, Karren/0000-0001-5223-9097; Watkins, Thomas/0000-0002-2646-1329 FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Vehicle Technologies [DE-AC05-00OR22725]; UT-Battelle, LLC; Division of Scientific User Facilities, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy FX Research sponsored by the U.S. Department of Energy, Assistant Secretary for Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Office of Vehicle Technologies, as part of the Propulsion Materials Program, under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725 with UT-Battelle, LLC. A portion of this research was conducted at the SHaRE User Facility, which is sponsored by the Division of Scientific User Facilities, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy. Most of the equipment and instrumentation utilized during this investigation was acquired and maintained by the Oak Ridge National Laboratory's High Temperature Materials Laboratory User Program, which is sponsored by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Vehicle Technologies Program. NR 52 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 30 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0002-7820 J9 J AM CERAM SOC JI J. Am. Ceram. Soc. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 95 IS 5 BP 1682 EP 1691 DI 10.1111/j.1551-2916.2012.05125.x PG 10 WC Materials Science, Ceramics SC Materials Science GA 939GP UT WOS:000303797500036 ER PT J AU Kaneko, TK Zhu, J Thomas, H Bennett, JP Sridhar, S AF Kaneko, Tetsuya K. Zhu, Jingxi Thomas, Hugh Bennett, James P. Sridhar, Seetharaman TI Influence of Oxygen Partial Pressure on Synthetic Coal Slag Infiltration into Porous Al2O3 Refractory SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID VISCOSITY; GASIFIERS; OXIDE AB The infiltration characteristics of synthetic coal slag into Al2s3 refractory material with a temperature gradient induced along the slag's penetration direction were investigated with respect to time and oxygen partial pressure of the experimental atmosphere. Synthetic slag, which is representative of an average of the ash contents from United States coal feedstock, was melted in either an oxidizing air atmosphere or a reducing CO/CO2 gas mixture with a ratio of 1.8. The experiments were conducted with a hot-face temperature of 1450 degrees C, and the slags were deposited onto refractory samples in the same atmospheres as they were originally melted. A comparison between the infiltrations in the CO/CO2 and air atmospheres revealed that differences in oxygen partial pressure changed the mode in which the slag interacted with the refractory. While infiltrations in CO/CO2 atmosphere demonstrated elevated Al2O3 concentrations in the slag owing to refractory dissolution, infiltrations in air atmosphere showed enrichment of SiO2 and Al2O3 in the slag because iron-oxide from the slag incorporated into the corundum refractory. For both cases, the reactions led to increases in viscosity, but the effect was more profound in the air atmosphere, where penetrations were found to be shallower. The oxygen partial pressure's influence on the slag's composition, primarily with iron-oxide species, and on viscosity played a pivotal role in governing the effective penetration into the refractory. C1 [Kaneko, Tetsuya K.; Zhu, Jingxi; Sridhar, Seetharaman] US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. [Kaneko, Tetsuya K.; Zhu, Jingxi; Sridhar, Seetharaman] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. [Thomas, Hugh; Bennett, James P.] US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Albany, OR 97321 USA. RP Kaneko, TK (reprint author), US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, 626 Cochrans Mill Rd, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. EM tkaneko@andrew.cmu.edu OI Zhu, Jingxi/0000-0002-0019-0647 FU National Energy Technology Laboratory under the RES [DE-FE0004000.5.671.238.001] FX Technical support in conducting experiments by Nathan Howell at CMU and Rick Krabbe, David Boyd, Jinichiro Nakano, and Kyei-Sing Kwong at NETL is greatly appreciated. This technical effort was performed in support of the National Energy Technology Laboratory's ongoing research in Control of Carbon Feedstock and Impact on Gasifier under the RES contract DE-FE0004000.5.671.238.001. NR 19 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 6 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0002-7820 J9 J AM CERAM SOC JI J. Am. Ceram. Soc. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 95 IS 5 BP 1764 EP 1773 DI 10.1111/j.1551-2916.2012.05175.x PG 10 WC Materials Science, Ceramics SC Materials Science GA 939GP UT WOS:000303797500046 ER PT J AU Bolduc, B Shaughnessy, DP Wolf, YI Koonin, EV Roberto, FF Young, M AF Bolduc, Benjamin Shaughnessy, Daniel P. Wolf, Yuri I. Koonin, Eugene V. Roberto, Francisco F. Young, Mark TI Identification of Novel Positive-Strand RNA Viruses by Metagenomic Analysis of Archaea-Dominated Yellowstone Hot Springs SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID PROVIDES ACQUIRED-RESISTANCE; PROTEIN HOMOLOGY DETECTION; SHORT PALINDROMIC REPEATS; STRUCTURE PREDICTION; VIRAL COMMUNITY; IMMUNE-SYSTEMS; NATIONAL-PARK; CRISPR; EVOLUTION; DIVERSITY AB There are no known RNA viruses that infect Archaea. Filling this gap in our knowledge of viruses will enhance our understanding of the relationships between RNA viruses from the three domains of cellular life and, in particular, could shed light on the origin of the enormous diversity of RNA viruses infecting eukaryotes. We describe here the identification of novel RNA viral genome segments from high-temperature acidic hot springs in Yellowstone National Park in the United States. These hot springs harbor low-complexity cellular communities dominated by several species of hyperthermophilic Archaea. A viral metagenomics approach was taken to assemble segments of these RNA virus genomes from viral populations isolated directly from hot spring samples. Analysis of these RNA metagenomes demonstrated unique gene content that is not generally related to known RNA viruses of Bacteria and Eukarya. However, genes for RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp), a hallmark of positive-strand RNA viruses, were identified in two contigs. One of these contigs is approximately 5,600 nucleotides in length and encodes a polyprotein that also contains a region homologous to the capsid protein of nodaviruses, tetraviruses, and birnaviruses. Phylogenetic analyses of the RdRps encoded in these contigs indicate that the putative archaeal viruses form a unique group that is distinct from the RdRps of RNA viruses of Eukarya and Bacteria. Collectively, our findings suggest the existence of novel positive-strand RNA viruses that probably replicate in hyperthermophilic archaeal hosts and are highly divergent from RNA viruses that infect eukaryotes and even more distant from known bacterial RNA viruses. These positive-strand RNA viruses might be direct ancestors of RNA viruses of eukaryotes. C1 [Bolduc, Benjamin; Shaughnessy, Daniel P.; Young, Mark] Montana State Univ, Thermal Biol Inst, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. [Young, Mark] Montana State Univ, Dept Microbiol, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. [Shaughnessy, Daniel P.; Young, Mark] Montana State Univ, Dept Plant Sci & Plant Pathol, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. [Bolduc, Benjamin] Montana State Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. [Wolf, Yuri I.; Koonin, Eugene V.] NIH, Natl Ctr Biotechnol Informat, Natl Lib Med, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Roberto, Francisco F.] Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID USA. RP Young, M (reprint author), Montana State Univ, Thermal Biol Inst, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. EM myoung@montana.edu FU National Science Foundation [DEB-0936178, EF-080220]; National Aeronautics and Space Administration [NNA-08CN85A]; Department of Health and Human Services (NIH, National Library of Medicine) FX This work was supported by National Science Foundation grant numbers DEB-0936178 and EF-080220 and National Aeronautics and Space Administration grant number NNA-08CN85A. Y.I.W. and E.V.K. are supported by the Department of Health and Human Services intramural program (NIH, National Library of Medicine). NR 75 TC 44 Z9 46 U1 1 U2 21 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0022-538X J9 J VIROL JI J. Virol. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 86 IS 10 BP 5562 EP 5573 DI 10.1128/JVI.07196-11 PG 12 WC Virology SC Virology GA 939DJ UT WOS:000303787100014 PM 22379100 ER PT J AU Song, ZP Xu, T Gordin, ML Jiang, YB Bae, IT Xiao, QF Zhan, H Liu, J Wang, DH AF Song, Zhiping Xu, Terrence Gordin, Mikhail L. Jiang, Ying-Bing Bae, In-Tae Xiao, Qiangfeng Zhan, Hui Liu, Jun Wang, Donghai TI Polymer-Graphene Nanocomposites as Ultrafast-Charge and -Discharge Cathodes for Rechargeable Lithium Batteries SO NANO LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Lithium battery; cathode; polymer; graphene; nanocomposite ID NANOTUBE COMPOSITE CATHODE; LIQUID-PHASE EXFOLIATION; ION BATTERIES; LI-ION; FUNCTIONALIZED GRAPHENE; CYCLIC PERFORMANCE; ELECTRODE; STORAGE; GRAPHITE; CAPACITY AB Electroactive polymers are a new generation of "green" cathode materials for rechargeable lithium batteries. We have developed nanocomposites combining graphene with two promising polymer cathode materials, poly(anthraquinonyl sulfide) and polyimide, to improve their high-rate performance. The polymer graphene nanocomposites were synthesized through a simple in situ polymerization in the presence of graphene sheets. The highly dispersed graphene sheets in the nanocomposite drastically enhanced the electronic conductivity and allowed the electrochemical activity of the polymer cathode to be efficiently utilized. This allows for ultrafast charging and discharging; the composite can deliver more than 100 mAh/g within just a few seconds. C1 [Song, Zhiping; Xu, Terrence; Gordin, Mikhail L.; Wang, Donghai] Penn State Univ, Dept Mech & Nucl Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Jiang, Ying-Bing] Univ New Mexico, Ctr Microengn Mat, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [Bae, In-Tae] SUNY Binghamton, Small Scale Syst Integrat & Packaging Ctr, Binghamton, NY 13902 USA. [Xiao, Qiangfeng] Gen Motor Tech Ctr, Warren, MI 48092 USA. [Song, Zhiping; Zhan, Hui] Wuhan Univ, Dept Chem, Wuhan 430072, Peoples R China. [Liu, Jun] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Wang, DH (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Dept Mech & Nucl Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. EM dwang@psu.edu RI xiao, qiangfeng/D-6965-2011; Wang, Donghai/L-1150-2013; Xu, Terrence/M-8741-2014 OI Wang, Donghai/0000-0001-7261-8510; Xu, Terrence/0000-0002-9385-6881 FU Penn State startup fund; Assistant Secretary for Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Office of Vehicle Technologies of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; Batteries for Advanced Transportation Technologies (BATT) Program [6951378]; U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering [KCO20105-FWP12152]; Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL); DOE by Battelle [DE_AC05-76RL01830] FX This work was primarily supported by Penn State startup fund and the Assistant Secretary for Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Office of Vehicle Technologies of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231, Subcontract No. 6951378 under the Batteries for Advanced Transportation Technologies (BATT) Program. J. L. would like to acknowledge the support by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering, under Award KCO20105-FWP12152 and the Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL). PNNL is a multiprogram national laboratory operated for DOE by Battelle under Contract DE_AC05-76RL01830. NR 43 TC 157 Z9 159 U1 34 U2 338 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1530-6984 J9 NANO LETT JI Nano Lett. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 12 IS 5 BP 2205 EP 2211 DI 10.1021/nl2039666 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 937XE UT WOS:000303696400005 PM 22449138 ER PT J AU Reuter, MG Hersam, MC Seideman, T Ratner, MA AF Reuter, Matthew G. Hersam, Mark C. Seideman, Tamar Ratner, Mark A. TI Signatures of Cooperative Effects and Transport Mechanisms in Conductance Histograms SO NANO LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Electron transport; conductance histogram; cooperative effects; transport mechanisms; statistical analysis ID SINGLE-MOLECULE CONDUCTANCE; STATISTICAL-ANALYSIS; CHARGE-TRANSPORT; ELECTRICAL CONDUCTANCE; POINT CONTACTS; JUNCTIONS; TRANSMISSION; RESISTANCE; QUANTIZATION; SPECTROSCOPY AB We present a computational investigation into the line shapes of peaks in conductance histograms, finding that they possess high information content. In particular, the histogram peak associated with conduction through a single molecule elucidates the electron transport mechanism and is generally well-described by beta distributions. A statistical analysis of the peak corresponding to conduction through two molecules reveals the presence of cooperative effects between the molecules and also provides insight into the underlying conduction channels. This work describes tools for extracting additional interpretations from experimental statistical data, helping us better understand electron transport processes. C1 [Reuter, Matthew G.; Hersam, Mark C.; Seideman, Tamar; Ratner, Mark A.] Northwestern Univ, Dept Chem, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. [Hersam, Mark C.] Northwestern Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. [Reuter, Matthew G.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Comp Sci & Math Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Reuter, Matthew G.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Nanophase Mat Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Reuter, MG (reprint author), Northwestern Univ, Dept Chem, 2145 Sheridan Rd, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. EM reutermg@ornl.gov RI Hersam, Mark/B-6739-2009 FU Department of Energy (DOE) at Northwestern University [DE-FG02-97ER25308, DE-SC0001785]; U.S. DOE [DE-AC05-00OR22725]; NSF [DMR-1121262]; MRSEC [DMR-0520513]; Oak Ridge National Laboratory FX We thank Gemma Solomon for helpful conversations and Latha Venkataraman and Nongjian Tao (and their groups) for sharing with us the data in Figure 1. M.G.R. performed this research as a Department of Energy (DOE) Computational Science Graduate Fellow (grant no. DE-FG02-97ER25308) while at Northwestern University and as a Eugene P. Wigner Fellow at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory, which is managed by UT-Battelle, LLC, for the U.S. DOE under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725. We further acknowledge support from the NSF (DMR-1121262), MRSEC (DMR-0520513), and the DOE (DE-SC0001785). NR 55 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 3 U2 35 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1530-6984 J9 NANO LETT JI Nano Lett. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 12 IS 5 BP 2243 EP 2248 DI 10.1021/nl204379j PG 6 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 937XE UT WOS:000303696400012 PM 22494042 ER PT J AU Wang, Z Mook, WM Niederberger, C Ghisleni, R Philippe, L Michler, J AF Wang, Zhao Mook, William M. Niederberger, Christoph Ghisleni, Rudy Philippe, Laetitia Michler, Johann TI Compression of Nanowires Using a Flat Indenter: Diametrical Elasticity Measurement SO NANO LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Nanoindentation; indentation; nanowires; mechanical test; EBSD; finite element ID INDENTATION EXPERIMENTS; YOUNGS MODULUS; SILICON; NANOINDENTATION; TRANSISTORS; STRENGTH; HARDNESS AB A new experimental approach for the characterization of the diametrical elastic modulus of individual nanowires is proposed by implementing a micro/nanoscale diametrical compression test geometry, using a flat punch indenter. A 250 nm diameter single crystal silicon nanowire is compressed inside of a scanning electron microscope. Since silicon is highly anisotropic, the wire crystal orientation in the compression axis is determined by electron backscatter diffraction. In order to analyze the load-displacement compression data, a two-dimensional analytical closed-form solution based on a classical contact model is proposed. The results of the analytical model are compared with those of finite element simulations and to the experimental diametrical compression results and show good agreement. C1 [Wang, Zhao] Xi An Jiao Tong Univ, Frontier Inst Sci & Technol, Xian 710054, Peoples R China. [Wang, Zhao; Mook, William M.; Niederberger, Christoph; Ghisleni, Rudy; Philippe, Laetitia; Michler, Johann] EMPA, Swiss Fed Labs Mat Testing & Res, Lab Mech Mat & Nanostruct, CH-3602 Thun, Switzerland. [Mook, William M.] Los Alamos Neutron Scattering Ctr, Ctr Integrated Nanotechnol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Wang, Z (reprint author), Xi An Jiao Tong Univ, Frontier Inst Sci & Technol, Xian 710054, Peoples R China. EM wzzhao@yahoo.fr RI Ghisleni, Rudy/E-7884-2010; WANG, Zhao/E-7462-2011; Michler, Johann/B-4672-2010; OI WANG, Zhao/0000-0003-1887-223X; Michler, Johann/0000-0001-8860-4068; Philippe, laetitia/0000-0003-0928-4487 FU SFOE (Swiss Federal Office for Energy; European Commission [227497]; National Basic Research Program of China [2012CB619402] FX We thank S. Christiansen at Max-Planck-Institute for the Science of Light at Erlangen in Germany for providing the nanowires. The authors acknowledge the SFOE (Swiss Federal Office for Energy) project, European Commission within the frame of the FP7 project ROD-SOL (project reference 227497), and the National Basic Research Program of China (grant no. 2012CB619402). NR 24 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 35 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1530-6984 J9 NANO LETT JI Nano Lett. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 12 IS 5 BP 2289 EP 2293 DI 10.1021/nl300103z PG 5 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 937XE UT WOS:000303696400020 PM 22432959 ER PT J AU Kilina, S Ramirez, J Tretiak, S AF Kilina, Svetlana Ramirez, Jessica Tretiak, Sergei TI Brightening of the Lowest Exciton in Carbon Nanotubes via Chemical Functionalization SO NANO LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs); time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT); photoluminescent (PL); exciton; chemisorption ID FLUORESCENCE; PHOTOLUMINESCENCE; SPECTROSCOPY; PROTONATION; SCATTERING; EFFICIENCY; EXCHANGE; SPECTRA; STATES; CELLS AB Using time-dependent density functional theory, we found that chemical functionalization at low concentrations of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) locally alters the it-conjugated network of the nanotube surface and leads to a spatial confinement of the electronically excited wave functions. Depending on the adsorbant positions, the chemisorption significantly modifies the optical selection rules. Our modeling suggests that photoluminescent efficiency of semiconducting SWNT materials can be controlled by selective chemical functionalization. C1 [Tretiak, Sergei] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Nonlinear Studies CNLS, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Tretiak, Sergei] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Integrated Nanotechnol CINT, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Ramirez, Jessica] Univ Florida, Quantum Theory Project, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Kilina, Svetlana] N Dakota State Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Fargo, ND 58108 USA. RP Tretiak, S (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Nonlinear Studies CNLS, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM serg@lanl.gov RI Tretiak, Sergei/B-5556-2009 OI Tretiak, Sergei/0000-0001-5547-3647 FU NSF [HRD-0811239]; ND EPSCoR through NSF [EPS-0814442]; U.S. Department of Energy; Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL); Center for Integrated Nanotechnology (CINT); Center for Nonlinear Studies (CNLS) at LANL; National Nuclear Security Administration of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC52-06NA25396] FX The authors thank Bruce Weisman, Juan Duque, and Steven Doom for fruitful discussions. S.K. acknowledges financial support from NDSU Advance FORWARD program sponsored by NSF HRD-0811239 for the renovated Lab space and ND EPSCoR through NSF grant #EPS-0814442. S.T. and J. R. acknowledge support of the U.S. Department of Energy and Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) Directed Research and Development funds. We also acknowledge the support of the Center for Integrated Nanotechnology (CINT) and Center for Nonlinear Studies (CNLS) at LANL. LANL is operated by Los Alamos National Security, LLC, for the National Nuclear Security Administration of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract DE-AC52-06NA25396. NR 60 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 53 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1530-6984 J9 NANO LETT JI Nano Lett. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 12 IS 5 BP 2306 EP 2312 DI 10.1021/nl300165w PG 7 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 937XE UT WOS:000303696400023 PM 22494501 ER PT J AU Kwak, J Bae, WK Lee, D Park, I Lim, J Park, M Cho, H Woo, H Yoon, DY Char, K Lee, S Lee, C AF Kwak, Jeonghun Bae, Wan Ki Lee, Donggu Park, Insun Lim, Jaehoon Park, Myeongjin Cho, Hyunduck Woo, Heeje Yoon, Do Y. Char, Kookheon Lee, Seonghoon Lee, Changhee TI Bright and Efficient Full-Color Colloidal Quantum Dot Light-Emitting Diodes Using an Inverted Device Structure SO NANO LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Quantum dots; quantum dot light-emitting diodes; inverted device structure; electroluminescence; zinc oxide nanoparticles ID SEMICONDUCTING POLYMER; NANOCRYSTALS; ELECTROLUMINESCENCE; ZNO; LAYERS; GREEN AB We report highly bright and efficient inverted structure quantum dot (QD) based light-emitting diodes (QLEDs) by using solution-processed ZnO nanoparticles as the electron injection/transport layer and by optimizing energy levels with the organic hole transport layer. We have successfully demonstrated highly bright red, green, and blue QLEDs showing maximum luminances up to 23 040, 218 800, and 2250 cd/m(2), and external quantum efficiencies of 7.3, 5.8, and 1.7%, respectively. It is also noticeable that they showed turn-on voltages as low as the bandgap energy of each QD and long operational lifetime, mainly attributed to the direct exciton recombination within QDs through the inverted device structure. These results signify a remarkable progress in QLEDs and offer a practicable platform for the realization of QD-based full-color displays and lightings. C1 [Lim, Jaehoon; Woo, Heeje; Char, Kookheon] Seoul Natl Univ, Sch Chem & Biol Engn, Seoul 151744, South Korea. [Lee, Donggu; Park, Myeongjin; Cho, Hyunduck; Lee, Changhee] Seoul Natl Univ, Inter Univ Semicond Res Ctr, Sch Elect & Comp Engn, Seoul 151744, South Korea. [Park, Insun; Yoon, Do Y.; Lee, Seonghoon] Seoul Natl Univ, Dept Chem, Seoul 151744, South Korea. [Bae, Wan Ki] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Chem, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Kwak, Jeonghun] Dong A Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Pusan 604714, South Korea. RP Char, K (reprint author), Seoul Natl Univ, Sch Chem & Biol Engn, Seoul 151744, South Korea. EM khchar@snu.ac.kr; shnlee@snu.ac.kr; chlee7@snu.ac.kr RI Kwak, Jeonghun/C-6191-2009; Lee, Changhee/A-2471-2009 OI Kwak, Jeonghun/0000-0002-4037-8687; Lee, Changhee/0000-0003-2800-8250 FU National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) [R0A-2008-000-20108-0]; National Creative Research Initiative Center for Intelligent Hybrids [2010-0018290]; Basic Science Research Program [2011-0022716]; Leading Foreign Research Institute [2011-0030065]; Korean government (MEST); [NRF-2009-C1AAA001-2009-0093282] FX This work was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) through the Acceleration Research Program (R0A-2008-000-20108-0), the grant (NRF-2009-C1AAA001-2009-0093282), the National Creative Research Initiative Center for Intelligent Hybrids (No. 2010-0018290), the Basic Science Research Program (2011-0022716), and the Leading Foreign Research Institute Recruitment Program (2011-0030065) funded by Korean government (MEST). NR 31 TC 243 Z9 250 U1 31 U2 304 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1530-6984 J9 NANO LETT JI Nano Lett. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 12 IS 5 BP 2362 EP 2366 DI 10.1021/nl3003254 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 937XE UT WOS:000303696400033 PM 22468609 ER PT J AU Folven, E Scholl, A Young, A Retterer, ST Boschker, JE Tybell, T Takamura, Y Grepstad, JK AF Folven, Erik Scholl, Andreas Young, Anthony Retterer, Scott T. Boschker, Jos E. Tybell, Thomas Takamura, Yayoi Grepstad, Jostein K. TI Crossover from Spin-Flop Coupling to Collinear Spin Alignment in Antiferromagnetic/Ferromagnetic Nanostructures SO NANO LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Spin-flop coupling size effects; embedded nanostructures; magnetic dichroism; X-PEEM ID EXCHANGE-ANISOTROPY; THIN-FILMS; INTERFACES; MODEL; BIAS AB The technologically important exchange coupling in antiferromagnetic/ferromagnetic bilayers is investigated for embedded nanostructures defined in a LaFeO3/La0.7Sr0.3MnO3 bilayer. Exploiting the element specificity of soft X-ray spectromicroscopy, we selectively probe the magnetic order in the two layers. A transition from perpendicular to parallel spin alignment is observed for these nanostructures, dependent on size and crystalline orientation. The results show that shape-induced anisotropy in the antiferromagnet can override the interface exchange coupling in spin-flop coupled nanostructures. C1 [Folven, Erik; Boschker, Jos E.; Tybell, Thomas; Grepstad, Jostein K.] Norwegian Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Elect & Telecommunicat, NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway. [Scholl, Andreas; Young, Anthony] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Retterer, Scott T.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Takamura, Yayoi] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Folven, E (reprint author), Norwegian Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Elect & Telecommunicat, NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway. EM folven@ntnu.no RI Tybell, Thomas/B-8297-2013; Retterer, Scott/A-5256-2011; Folven, Erik/D-5218-2013; Scholl, Andreas/K-4876-2012; OI Tybell, Thomas/0000-0003-0787-8476; Retterer, Scott/0000-0001-8534-1979; Folven, Erik/0000-0003-4036-0505; Boschker, Jos/0000-0001-9122-2079 FU Oak Ridge National Laboratory by the Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy; Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC05-00OR22725]; Norwegian Research Council [176656, 190086] FX The authors thank Yasuhide Nakamura for help with chemical etching of the Cr hard mask. Part of this research was carried out at the Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, which is sponsored at Oak Ridge National Laboratory by the Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy. The Advanced Light Source is supported by the Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract DE-AC02-05CH11231. Oak Ridge National Laboratory is managed by UT-Battelle, LLC, for the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract DE-AC05-00OR22725. Partial funding for these experiments was obtained from the Norwegian Research Council under Contracts 176656 and 190086. NR 23 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 5 U2 54 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1530-6984 J9 NANO LETT JI Nano Lett. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 12 IS 5 BP 2386 EP 2390 DI 10.1021/nl300361e PG 5 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 937XE UT WOS:000303696400037 PM 22468652 ER PT J AU Koo, B Xiong, H Slater, MD Prakapenka, VB Baasubramanian, M Podsiadlo, P Johnson, CS Rajh, T Shevchenko, EV AF Koo, Bonil Xiong, Hui Slater, Michael D. Prakapenka, Vitali B. Baasubramanian, Mahalingam Podsiadlo, Paul Johnson, Christopher S. Rajh, Tijana Shevchenko, Elena V. TI Hollow Iron Oxide Nanoparticles for Application in Lithium Ion Batteries SO NANO LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Hollow nanoparticles; cation vacancies; lithium ion battery; in situ study; iron oxide ID ELECTROCHEMICAL ENERGY-STORAGE; ANODE MATERIAL; NANOCRYSTALLINE FE3O4; ELECTRODE MATERIALS; CHARGE-STORAGE; ALPHA-FE2O3; LI; INTERCALATION; GAMMA-FE2O3; INSERTION AB Material design in terms of their morphologies other than solid nanoparticles can lead to more advanced properties. At the example of iron oxide, we explored the electrochemical properties of hollow nanoparticles with an application as a cathode and anode. Such nanoparticles contain very high concentration of cation vacancies that can be efficiently utilized for reversible Li ion intercalation without structural change. Cycling in high voltage range results in high capacity (similar to 132 mAh/g at 2.5 V), 99.7% Coulombic efficiency, superior rate performance (133 mAh/g at 3000 mA/g) and excellent stability (no fading at fast rate during more than 500 cycles). Cation vacancies in hollow iron oxide nanoparticles are also found to be responsible for the enhanced capacity in the conversion reactions. We monitored in situ structural transformation of hollow iron oxide nanoparticles by synchrotron X-ray absorption and diffraction techniques that provided us clear understanding of the lithium intercalation processes during electrochemical cycling. C1 [Koo, Bonil; Xiong, Hui; Podsiadlo, Paul; Rajh, Tijana; Shevchenko, Elena V.] Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Nanoscale Mat, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Prakapenka, Vitali B.] Univ Chicago, Ctr Adv Radiat Sources, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Baasubramanian, Mahalingam] Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Koo, B (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Nanoscale Mat, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM bkoo@anl.gov; eshevchenko@anl.gov RI Xiong, Hui/C-4216-2011; Slater, Michael/D-5388-2012; Wei, Zhanhua/D-7544-2013 OI Xiong, Hui/0000-0003-3126-1476; Wei, Zhanhua/0000-0003-2687-0293 FU U.S. Department of Energy, U.S. DOE-BES [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; National Science Foundation - Earth Sciences [EAR-0622171]; Department of Energy - Geosciences [DE-FG02-94ER14466]; U.S. DOE; NSERC (Canada) FX The authors acknowledge helpful discussions with Dr. M. M. Thackeray and Dr. D. Kim. This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, U.S. DOE-BES, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. Use of the Center for Nanoscale Materials was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. The X-ray diffraction work was performed at GeoSoilEnviroCARS (Sector 13), Advanced Photon Source (APS), Argonne National Laboratory. GeoSoilEnviroCARS is supported by the National Science Foundation - Earth Sciences (EAR-0622171) and Department of Energy - Geosciences (DE-FG02-94ER14466). The XANES and EXAFS studies were performed at sector 20 and research at this facility was supported by the U.S. DOE, NSERC (Canada). Use of the Advanced Photon Source was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. NR 49 TC 202 Z9 204 U1 29 U2 408 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1530-6984 EI 1530-6992 J9 NANO LETT JI Nano Lett. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 12 IS 5 BP 2429 EP 2435 DI 10.1021/nl3004286 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 937XE UT WOS:000303696400045 PM 22468698 ER PT J AU Crassee, I Orlita, M Potemski, M Walter, AL Ostler, M Seyller, T Gaponenko, I Chen, J Kuzmenko, AB AF Crassee, I. Orlita, M. Potemski, M. Walter, A. L. Ostler, M. Seyller, Th. Gaponenko, I. Chen, J. Kuzmenko, A. B. TI Intrinsic Terahertz Plasmons and Magnetoplasmons in Large Scale Monolayer Graphene SO NANO LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Graphene; terahertz; magneto-optics; magnetoplasmons; Faraday rotation ID 2-DIMENSIONAL ELECTRON-GAS; EDGE MAGNETOPLASMONS; QUANTUM DOTS; SPECTROSCOPY; LAYERS; FLUID AB We show that in graphene epitaxially grown on SiC the Drude absorption is transformed into a strong terahertz plasmonic peak due to natural nanoscale inhomogeneities, such as substrate terraces and wrinkles. The excitation of the plasmon modifies dramatically the magneto-optical response and in particular the Faraday rotation. This makes graphene a unique playground for plasmon-controlled magneto-optical phenomena thanks to a cyclotron mass 2 orders of magnitude smaller than in conventional plasmonic materials such as noble metals. C1 [Crassee, I.; Gaponenko, I.; Kuzmenko, A. B.] Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Mat Condensee, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. [Orlita, M.; Potemski, M.] CNRS UJFUPS INSA, Grenoble High Magnet Field Lab, F-38042 Grenoble 09, France. [Ostler, M.; Seyller, Th.] Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Lehrstuhl Tech Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany. [Chen, J.] CIC NanoGUNE Consolider, Donostia San Sebastian 20018, Spain. [Orlita, M.] Charles Univ Prague, Fac Math & Phys, CR-12116 Prague 2, Czech Republic. [Chen, J.] Ctr Fis Mat CSIC UPV EHU, Donostia San Sebastian 20018, Spain. [Walter, A. L.] EO Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Walter, A. L.] Max Planck Gesell, Fritz Haber Inst, Dept Mol Phys, D-14195 Berlin, Germany. [Chen, J.] DIPC, Donostia San Sebastian 20018, Spain. RP Crassee, I (reprint author), Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Mat Condensee, 24 Quai E Ansermet, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. EM Iris.Crassee@unige.ch RI Chen, Jianing/G-2140-2012; Crassee, Iris/E-5944-2010; Walter, Andrew/B-9235-2011; Orlita, Milan/H-1130-2014; DONOSTIA INTERNATIONAL PHYSICS CTR., DIPC/C-3171-2014; nanoGUNE, CIC/A-2623-2015; Gaponenko, Iaroslav/C-3353-2017; CSIC-UPV/EHU, CFM/F-4867-2012; Seyller, Thomas/F-8410-2011 OI Gaponenko, Iaroslav/0000-0002-9694-7033; Seyller, Thomas/0000-0002-4953-2142 FU Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF) through the National Centre of Competence in Research "Materials with Novel Electronic Properties-MaNEP" [200021-120347, IZ73Z0-128026]; projects EuromagnetII [GACR P204/10/1020, GRA/10/E006]; ESF FX This work was supported by the Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF) by Grants 200021-120347 and IZ73Z0-128026 (SCOPES program), through the National Centre of Competence in Research "Materials with Novel Electronic Properties-MaNEP" and by projects EuromagnetII, GACR P204/10/1020 and GRA/10/E006 (Eurographene-EPIGRAT) and the ESF Eurographene project "Graphic-RF". We thank R. Hillenbrand, S. A. Mikhailov, and D. van der Marel for useful discussions. NR 40 TC 115 Z9 115 U1 17 U2 129 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1530-6984 J9 NANO LETT JI Nano Lett. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 12 IS 5 BP 2470 EP 2474 DI 10.1021/nl300572y PG 5 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 937XE UT WOS:000303696400052 PM 22519967 ER PT J AU Lim, JW Hippalgaonkar, K Andrews, SC Majumdar, A Yang, PD AF Lim, Jongwoo Hippalgaonkar, Kedar Andrews, Sean C. Majumdar, Arun Yang, Peidong TI Quantifying Surface Roughness Effects on Phonon Transport in Silicon Nanowires SO NANO LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Nanowire; silicon; roughness; thermoelectrics; thermal conductivity; phonons ID THERMAL-CONDUCTIVITY; INTERFACE; GROWTH; ARRAYS AB Although it has been qualitatively demonstrated that surface roughness can reduce the thermal conductivity of crystalline Si nanowires (SiNWs), the underlying reasons remain unknown and warrant quantitative studies and analysis. In this work, vapor-liquid-solid (VLS) grown SiNWs were controllably roughened and then thoroughly characterized with transmission electron microscopy to obtain detailed surface profiles. Once the roughness information (root-mean-square, sigma, correlation length, L, and power spectra) was extracted from the surface profile of a specific SiNW, the thermal conductivity of the same SiNW was measured. The thermal conductivity correlated well with the power spectra of surface roughness, which varies as a power law in the 1-100 nm length scale range. These results suggest a new realm of phonon scattering from rough interfaces, which restricts phonon transport below the Casimir limit. Insights gained from this study can help develop a more concrete theoretical understanding of phonon-surface roughness interactions as well as aid the design of next generation thermoelectric devices. C1 [Lim, Jongwoo; Andrews, Sean C.; Yang, Peidong] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Andrews, Sean C.; Yang, Peidong] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Hippalgaonkar, Kedar; Majumdar, Arun] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mech Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Lim, Jongwoo; Hippalgaonkar, Kedar; Andrews, Sean C.; Majumdar, Arun; Yang, Peidong] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Yang, PD (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM p_yang@berkeley.edu RI Hippalgaonkar, Kedar/K-2196-2015 FU Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Sciences and Engineering Division, of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX We thank Sarah Brittman for image processing, Dr. Melissa Fardy for TEM imaging, and Dr. Erik Garnett, Dr. Hoon-E Jeong, Yunjeong Hwang, Dr. Hungta Wang, Dr. Jinyao Tang, Prof. Joel Moore and Prof. Chris Dames for discussion. This work was supported by the Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Sciences and Engineering Division, of the U.S. Department of Energy under contract no. DE-AC02-05CH11231. NR 37 TC 114 Z9 116 U1 9 U2 117 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1530-6984 EI 1530-6992 J9 NANO LETT JI Nano Lett. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 12 IS 5 BP 2475 EP 2482 DI 10.1021/nl3005868 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 937XE UT WOS:000303696400053 PM 22524211 ER PT J AU Salafranca, J Gazquez, J Perez, N Labarta, A Pantelides, ST Pennycook, SJ Batlle, X Varela, M AF Salafranca, Juan Gazquez, Jaume Perez, Nicolas Labarta, Amilcar Pantelides, Sokrates T. Pennycook, Stephen J. Batlle, Xavier Varela, Maria TI Surfactant Organic Molecules Restore Magnetism in Metal-Oxide Nanoparticle Surfaces SO NANO LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Ferrites; metal-oxide nanoparticles; magnetism; electron magnetic chiral dichroism; electron energy loss spectroscopy ID CANCER-CELLS; SIZE; NANOCRYSTALS; MN; FE; CO AB The properties of magnetic nanoparticles tend to be depressed by the unavoidable presence of a magnetically inactive surface layer. However, outstanding magnetic properties with a room-temperature magnetization near the bulk value can be produced by high-temperature synthesis methods involving capping with organic acid. The capping molecules are not magnetic, so the origin of the enhanced magnetization remains elusive. In this work, we present a real-space characterization on the subnanometer scale of the magnetic, chemical, and structural properties of iron-oxide nanoparticles via aberration-corrected scanning transmission electron microscopy. For the first time, electron magnetic chiral dichroism is used to map the magnetization of nanoparticles in real space with subnanometer spatial resolution. We find that the surface of the nanoparticles is magnetically ordered. Combining the results with density functional calculations, we establish how magnetization is restored in the surface layer. The bonding with the acid's O atoms results in O- Fe atomic configuration and distances close to bulk values. We conclude that the nature and number of molecules in the capping layer is an essential ingredient in the fabrication of nanoparticles with optimal magnetic properties. C1 [Salafranca, Juan; Gazquez, Jaume; Varela, Maria] Univ Complutense Madrid, Dpt Fis Aplicada 3, E-28040 Madrid, Spain. [Salafranca, Juan; Gazquez, Jaume; Pantelides, Sokrates T.; Pennycook, Stephen J.; Varela, Maria] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Perez, Nicolas; Labarta, Amilcar; Batlle, Xavier] Univ Barcelona, Dpt Fis Fonamental, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain. [Perez, Nicolas; Labarta, Amilcar; Batlle, Xavier] Univ Barcelona, Inst Nanociencia & Nanotecnol IN2UB, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain. [Pantelides, Sokrates T.; Pennycook, Stephen J.] Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. RP Salafranca, J (reprint author), Univ Complutense Madrid, Dpt Fis Aplicada 3, E-28040 Madrid, Spain. EM jsalafra@pas.ucm.es RI Labarta, Amilcar/B-4539-2012; Varela, Maria/H-2648-2012; Batlle, Xavier/H-5795-2012; Salafranca, Juan/H-7494-2013; Gazquez, Jaume/C-5334-2012; Varela, Maria/E-2472-2014; Perez Rodriguez, Nicolas/P-5472-2014 OI Labarta, Amilcar/0000-0003-0904-4678; Gazquez, Jaume/0000-0002-2561-328X; Varela, Maria/0000-0002-6582-7004; FU Materials Sciences and Engineering Division of the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE); ERC [239739 STEMOX]; Spanish MEC [2007-0086]; U.S. DOE [DE-FG02-09ER46554]; McMinn Endowment; Spanish MICINN [MAT2009-08667, CSD2006-00012]; Catalan DIUE [2009SGR856]; National Center for Supercomputing Applications (U.S. Department of Energy) [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX We thank Masashi Watanabe for the Digital Micrograph PCA plug-in. Some samples were kindly supplied by the Colloids and Surface Science group at Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid. Research at ORNL (S.J.P. and M.V.) was sponsored by the Materials Sciences and Engineering Division of the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE). Research at UCM (J.G., J.S.) was supported by the ERC starting Investigator Award, grant no. 239739 STEMOX (J.S., J.G.) and by the Spanish MEC 2007-0086 (J.G.). Research at Vanderbilt was partially supported by the U.S. DOE grant DE-FG02-09ER46554 and the McMinn Endowment. Research at the UB was supported by the Spanish MICINN (MAT2009-08667 and CSD2006-00012) and Catalan DIUE (2009SGR856). Computations were supported by the National Center for Supercomputing Applications (U.S. Department of Energy, contract no. DE-AC02-05CH11231). NR 30 TC 56 Z9 56 U1 9 U2 87 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1530-6984 EI 1530-6992 J9 NANO LETT JI Nano Lett. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 12 IS 5 BP 2499 EP 2503 DI 10.1021/nl300665z PG 5 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 937XE UT WOS:000303696400057 PM 22497711 ER PT J AU Xiang, B Hwang, DJ Bin In, J Ryu, SG Yoo, JH Dubon, O Minor, AM Grigoropoulos, CP AF Xiang, Bin Hwang, David J. Bin In, Jung Ryu, Sang-Gil Yoo, Jae-Hyuck Dubon, Oscar Minor, Andrew M. Grigoropoulos, Costas P. TI In Situ TEM Near-Field Optical Probing of Nanoscale Silicon Crystallization SO NANO LETTERS LA English DT Article DE In situ; TEM; laser; near-field probing; nanoscale confinement; amorphous Si; crystallization ID ATHERMAL NUCLEATION; SOLID NUCLEATION; SOLAR-CELLS; THIN-FILMS; LASER; NANOPARTICLES; GROWTH; RESOLIDIFICATION; SOLIDIFICATION; RELEVANCE AB Laser-based processing enables a wide variety of device configurations comprising thin films and nanostructures on sensitive, flexible substrates that are not possible with more traditional thermal annealing schemes.(1) In near-field optical probing, only small regions of a sample are illuminated by the laser beam at any given time.(2) Here we report a new technique that couples the optical near-field of the laser illumination into a transmission electron microscope (TEM) for real-time observations of the laser-materials interactions. We apply this technique to observe the transformation of an amorphous confined Si volume to a single crystal of Si using laser melting. By confinement of the material volume to nanometric dimensions, the entire amorphous precursor is within the laser spot size and transformed into a single crystal. This observation provides a path for laser processing of single-crystal seeds from amorphous precursors, a potentially transformative technique for the fabrication of solar cells and other nanoelectronic devices.(3-5) C1 [Xiang, Bin; Dubon, Oscar; Minor, Andrew M.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Xiang, Bin; Minor, Andrew M.] Natl Ctr Electron Microscopy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Hwang, David J.] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Mech Engn, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. [Bin In, Jung; Ryu, Sang-Gil; Yoo, Jae-Hyuck; Grigoropoulos, Costas P.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mech Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Dubon, Oscar] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Minor, AM (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM aminor@berkeley.edu; cgrigoro@me.berkeley.edu RI Xiang, Bin/C-9192-2012; Ryu, Sang-gil/I-3968-2013 FU DARPA/MTO under the TBN [N66001-08-1-2041]; US Department of Energy SBIR [DE-FG02-07ER84813]; NSF SINAM NSEC; Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Scientific User Facilities Division, of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX This work was supported by the DARPA/MTO under the TBN grant N66001-08-1-2041. The authors acknowledge that the research was supported in part by a US Department of Energy SBIR grant (DE-FG02-07ER84813) awarded to Appliflex, LLC. J.B.I. was supported by the NSF SINAM NSEC. The in situ experiments were performed at the National Center for Electron Microscopy at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, which is supported by the Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Scientific User Facilities Division, of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract DE-AC02-05CH11231. NR 28 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 6 U2 46 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1530-6984 J9 NANO LETT JI Nano Lett. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 12 IS 5 BP 2524 EP 2529 DI 10.1021/nl3007352 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 937XE UT WOS:000303696400062 PM 22471760 ER PT J AU Baker, LR Hervier, A Kennedy, G Somorjai, GA AF Baker, L. Robert Hervier, Antoine Kennedy, Griffin Somorjai, Gabor A. TI Solid-State Charge-Based Device for Control of Catalytic Carbon Monoxide Oxidation on Platinum Nanofilms Using External Bias and Light SO NANO LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Catalysis; solid-state device; nanodiode; strong metal-support interactions; photochemistry ID METAL-SUPPORT INTERACTIONS; SURFACE; OXIDE; HYDROGENATION; CO; TITANIA; PT/TIO2; WATER; TIO2; ELECTRONS AB Using a Pt/Si catalytic nanodiode, we externally control the rate of CO oxidation on a Pt nanofilm. The catalytic reaction can be turned on and off by alternating between bias states of the device. Additionally, the reaction rate is sensitive to photocurrent induced by visible light. The effects of both bias and light show that negative charge on the Pt increases catalytic activity, while positive charge on the Pt decreases catalytic activity for CO oxidation. C1 [Baker, L. Robert] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Baker, LR (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM lrbaker@berkeley.edu; somorjai@berkeley.edu FU Helios Solar Energy Research Center; Chemical Sciences Division; Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX This work was funded by the Helios Solar Energy Research Center and by the Chemical Sciences Division, which are supported by the Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. NR 45 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 2 U2 33 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1530-6984 J9 NANO LETT JI Nano Lett. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 12 IS 5 BP 2554 EP 2558 DI 10.1021/nl3007787 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 937XE UT WOS:000303696400067 PM 22463103 ER PT J AU Kao, J Bai, P Chuang, VP Jiang, Z Ercius, P Xu, T AF Kao, Joseph Bai, Peter Chuang, Vivian P. Jiang, Zhang Ercius, Peter Xu, Ting TI Nanoparticle Assemblies in Thin Films of Supramolecular Nanocomposites SO NANO LETTERS LA English DT Article DE 3-D nanoparticle assembly; thin film; nanocomposites; nanoparticles; block copolymer-based supramolecule ID COPOLYMER-BASED SUPRAMOLECULES; ELECTROMAGNETIC ENERGY-TRANSPORT; MONTE-CARLO-SIMULATION; GOLD NANOPARTICLES; BLOCK-COPOLYMERS; HIERARCHICAL ASSEMBLIES; GRAFTED NANOPARTICLES; FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS; DIBLOCK COPOLYMERS; DIFFRACTION LIMIT AB We demonstrated a versatile approach to obtain layered nanoparticle sheets with in-plane hexagonal order and 3-D ordered arrays of single nanoparticle chains in thin films upon blending nanoparticles with block copolymer (BCP)-based supramolecules. Basic understanding on the thermodynamic and kinetic aspects of the assembly process paved a path to manipulate these assemblies to meet demands in nanoparticle-based device fabrication and understand structure property correlations. C1 [Kao, Joseph; Bai, Peter; Chuang, Vivian P.; Xu, Ting] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Jiang, Zhang] Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Ercius, Peter] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Natl Ctr Electron Microscopy, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Xu, Ting] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Xu, Ting] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Xu, T (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM tingxu@berkeley.edu RI Jiang, Zhang/A-3297-2012; Bai, Peter/J-9084-2014 OI Jiang, Zhang/0000-0003-3503-8909; FU Office of Naval Research (ONR); Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Science; National Science Foundation [DMR-1007002]; Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX The authors thank Nick Jose for helpful assistance with nanoparticle synthesis. This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research Young Investigator Program (ONR-YIP) (J.K. and T.X..); by the Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Science (P.B. and T.X.); and by the National Science Foundation (VPC and T.X.) under Contract DMR-1007002. The Advanced Light Source is supported by the Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract DE-AC02-05CH11231. Use of the Advanced Photon Source was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract DE-AC02-06CH11357. The National Center for Electron Microscopy at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory is supported by the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract DE-AC02-05CH11231. NR 73 TC 43 Z9 43 U1 10 U2 112 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1530-6984 EI 1530-6992 J9 NANO LETT JI Nano Lett. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 12 IS 5 BP 2610 EP 2618 DI 10.1021/nl300999u PG 9 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 937XE UT WOS:000303696400076 PM 22471880 ER PT J AU Chan, RT Robart, AR Rajashankar, KR Pyle, AM Toor, N AF Chan, Russell T. Robart, Aaron R. Rajashankar, Kanagalaghatta R. Pyle, Anna Marie Toor, Navtej TI Crystal structure of a group II intron in the pre-catalytic state SO NATURE STRUCTURAL & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SELF-SPLICING INTRONS; EXON-BINDING; SITE; RNA AB Group II introns are self-splicing catalytic RNAs that are thought to be ancestral to the spliceosome. Here we report the 3.65-angstrom crystal structure of the group II intron from Oceanobacillus iheyensis in the pre-catalytic state. The structure reveals the conformation of the 5' splice site in the catalytic core and represents the first structure of an intron prior to the first step of splicing. C1 [Chan, Russell T.; Robart, Aaron R.; Toor, Navtej] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Chem & Biochem, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. [Rajashankar, Kanagalaghatta R.] Argonne Natl Lab, NE Collaborat Access Team NE CAT, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Pyle, Anna Marie] Yale Univ, Dept Mol Cellular & Dev Biol, New Haven, CT USA. [Pyle, Anna Marie] Howard Hughes Med Inst, Chevy Chase, MD USA. RP Toor, N (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Chem & Biochem, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. EM ntoor@ucsd.edu FU University of California, San Diego; Howard Hughes Medical Institute; Cell, Molecular and Genetics (CMG) Training Program; US National Institutes of Health [T32GM007240] FX We thank the staff of the NE-CAT beamline ID-24 at the Advanced Photon Source of Argonne National Laboratory. We thank K. Keating for valuable discussions. This work was supported by startup funds from the University of California, San Diego (N.T.), and the Howard Hughes Medical Institute (A.M.P.). R.T.C. was supported by the Cell, Molecular and Genetics (CMG) Training Program funded by the US National Institutes of Health predoctoral training grant T32GM007240. NR 18 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 5 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 1545-9993 J9 NAT STRUCT MOL BIOL JI Nat. Struct. Mol. Biol. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 19 IS 5 BP 555 EP 557 DI 10.1038/nsmb.2270 PG 3 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology GA 936SV UT WOS:000303611200015 PM 22484319 ER PT J AU Qiao, HA Lipschultz, KA Anheier, NC McCloy, JS AF Qiao, H. A. Lipschultz, Kristen A. Anheier, N. C. McCloy, J. S. TI Rapid assessment of mid-infrared refractive index anisotropy using a prism coupler: chemical vapor deposited ZnS SO OPTICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID TEMPERATURE AB A state-of-the-art mid-infrared prism coupler was used to study suspected anisotropy in the refractive index of forward-looking-infrared grade chemical vapor deposited (CVD) zinc sulfide. Samples were prepared with columnar grain structure in and perpendicular to the sample plane, as well as from different depths in the CVD growth body. This study was motivated by the growing industry concern among optical design engineers, as well as developers of mid-infrared systems, over the reliability of historically accepted index data. Prior photoluminescence and x-ray diffraction measurements have suggested that refractive index may vary according to sample orientation with respect to the grain structure. Measurements were conducted to provide optical dispersion and thermal index (dn/dT) data at discrete laser wavelengths between 0.633 and 10.591 mu m at two temperature set points (30 degrees C and 90 degrees C). Refractive index measurements between samples exhibited an average standard deviation comparable to the uncertainty of the prism coupler measurement (0.0004 refractive index units), suggesting that the variation in refractive index as a function of sample orientation and CVD deposition time is negligible and should have no impact on subsequent optical designs. Measured dispersion data at mid-infrared wavelengths were also found to agree well with prior published measurements. (C) 2012 Optical Society of America C1 [Qiao, H. A.; Anheier, N. C.; McCloy, J. S.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Lipschultz, Kristen A.] Iowa State Univ, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Qiao, HA (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM amy.qiao@pnnl.gov RI McCloy, John/D-3630-2013 OI McCloy, John/0000-0001-7476-7771 FU Department of Energy [DE-AC05-76RL01830]; DOE Office of Nonproliferation Research and Development [NA-22] FX The Pacific Northwest National Laboratory is operated by Battelle Memorial Institute for the Department of Energy under contract DE-AC05-76RL01830. This work was supported in part by the DOE Office of Nonproliferation Research and Development (NA-22). NR 14 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 3 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0146-9592 J9 OPT LETT JI Opt. Lett. PD MAY 1 PY 2012 VL 37 IS 9 BP 1403 EP 1405 PG 3 WC Optics SC Optics GA 937MI UT WOS:000303662200004 PM 22555685 ER PT J AU Baba, JS Boudreaux, PR AF Baba, Justin S. Boudreaux, Philip R. TI Full-field imaging-based instantaneous hyperspectral absolute refractive index measurement SO OPTICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID REFRACTOMETRY AB Multispectral refractometers typically measure refractive index (RI) at discrete monochromatic wavelengths via a serial process. We report on the demonstration of a white light full-field imaging-based refractometer capable of instantaneous multispectral measurement of absolute RI of clear liquid-gel samples across the entire visible light spectrum. The broad optical bandwidth refractometer is capable of hyperspectral measurement of RI in the range 1.30-1.70 between 400 and 700 nm with a maximum error of 0.0036 units (0.24% of actual) at 414 nm for an eta = 1.50 sample. We present system design and calibration method details as well as results from a system validation sample. (C) 2012 Optical Society of America C1 [Baba, Justin S.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Measurement Sci & Syst Engn Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Boudreaux, Philip R.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Energy & Transportat Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Baba, JS (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Measurement Sci & Syst Engn Div, 1 Bethel Valley Rd,POB 2008,MS 6006, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM babajs@ornl.gov OI Boudreaux, Philip/0000-0002-2956-4665 FU Oak Ridge National Laboratory FX This research was sponsored by the Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program of Oak Ridge National Laboratory, managed by UT-Battelle, LLC, for the United States Department of Energy. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 5 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0146-9592 J9 OPT LETT JI Opt. Lett. PD MAY 1 PY 2012 VL 37 IS 9 BP 1520 EP 1522 PG 3 WC Optics SC Optics GA 937MI UT WOS:000303662200043 PM 22555724 ER PT J AU Lawrie, BJ Mu, R Haglund, RF AF Lawrie, B. J. Mu, R. Haglund, R. F., Jr. TI Selective Purcell enhancement of defect emission in ZnO thin films SO OPTICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID GREEN; PHOTOLUMINESCENCE; NANOPARTICLES; DYNAMICS; CARRIERS AB A zinc interstitial defect present but unobservable in ZnO thin films annealed at 500 C in oxygen or in atmosphere was selectively detected by interaction of the film with an Ag surface-plasmon polariton. The time-dependent differential reflectivity of the ZnO near the ZnO/MgO interface exhibited a subpicosecond decay followed by a several nanosecond recovery, consistent with the Purcell-enhanced Zn interstitial luminescence seen in Ag-ZnO heterostructures. Heterostructures annealed at other temperatures showed significantly greater band-edge photoluminescence and no evidence of the Zn interstitial defect. (C) 2012 Optical Society of America C1 [Lawrie, B. J.; Haglund, R. F., Jr.] Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. [Mu, R.] Fisk Univ, Dept Phys, Nashville, TN 37208 USA. RP Lawrie, BJ (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Computat Sci & Engn Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM lawriebj@ornl.gov RI Lawrie, Benjamin/B-7182-2016 OI Lawrie, Benjamin/0000-0003-1431-066X FU National Science Foundation Center of Research Excellence in Science and Technology [HRD-0420516]; Department of Defense [W911NF-11-1-0156] FX B. J. L. and R. F. H. acknowledge support for the ultrafast spectroscopy at Vanderbilt from the U. S. Department of Energy, Office of Science (DE-FG02-01ER45916). PL studies and thin-film fabrication at Fisk University were supported by a National Science Foundation Center of Research Excellence in Science and Technology grant (HRD-0420516) and by a Department of Defense grant (W911NF-11-1-0156). NR 15 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 21 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0146-9592 J9 OPT LETT JI Opt. Lett. PD MAY 1 PY 2012 VL 37 IS 9 BP 1538 EP 1540 PG 3 WC Optics SC Optics GA 937MI UT WOS:000303662200049 PM 22555730 ER PT J AU Yan, F Johnston, S Zaunbrecher, K Al-Jassim, M Sidelkheir, O Ounadjela, K AF Yan, Fei Johnston, Steve Zaunbrecher, Katherine Al-Jassim, Mowafak Sidelkheir, Omar Ounadjela, Kamel TI Defect-band photoluminescence imaging on multi-crystalline silicon wafers SO PHYSICA STATUS SOLIDI-RAPID RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article DE silicon; solar cells; photoluminescence imaging; defects ID MULTICRYSTALLINE SILICON AB Defect-band emission photoluminescence (PL) imaging with an indium-gallium-arsenide (InGaAs) camera was applied to multi-crystalline silicon (mc-Si) wafers, which were taken from different heights of different Si bricks. Neighboring wafers were picked at six different processing steps, from as-cut to post-metallization. By using different cut-off filters, we were able to separate the band-to-band emission images from the defect-band emission images. On the defect-band emission images, the bright regions that originate from extend- ed defects were extracted from the PL images. The area fraction percentage of these regions at various processing stages shows a correlation with the final cell electrical parameters. (C) 2012 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim) C1 [Yan, Fei; Johnston, Steve; Zaunbrecher, Katherine; Al-Jassim, Mowafak] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Zaunbrecher, Katherine] Colorado State Univ, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Sidelkheir, Omar; Ounadjela, Kamel] Calisolar, Sunnyvale, CA 94085 USA. RP Yan, F (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. EM feiyan@gmail.com RI Yan, Fei/B-8540-2012 FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC36-08GO28308]; National Renewable Energy Laboratory; American Recovery and Reinvestment Act FX This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC36-08GO28308 with the National Renewable Energy Laboratory and with support from the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009. NR 12 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 10 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 1862-6254 J9 PHYS STATUS SOLIDI-R JI Phys. Status Solidi-Rapid Res. Lett. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 6 IS 5 BP 190 EP 192 DI 10.1002/pssr.201206068 PG 3 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA 938UZ UT WOS:000303760000008 ER PT J AU Parsons, HT Christiansen, K Knierim, B Carroll, A Ito, J Batth, TS Smith-Moritz, AM Morrison, S McInerney, P Hadi, MZ Auer, M Mukhopadhyay, A Petzold, CJ Scheller, HV Loque, D Heazlewood, JL AF Parsons, Harriet T. Christiansen, Katy Knierim, Bernhard Carroll, Andrew Ito, Jun Batth, Tanveer S. Smith-Moritz, Andreia M. Morrison, Stephanie McInerney, Peter Hadi, Masood Z. Auer, Manfred Mukhopadhyay, Aindrila Petzold, Christopher J. Scheller, Henrik V. Loque, Dominique Heazlewood, Joshua L. TI Isolation and Proteomic Characterization of the Arabidopsis Golgi Defines Functional and Novel Components Involved in Plant Cell Wall Biosynthesis SO PLANT PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID FREE-FLOW ELECTROPHORESIS; CELLULOSE SYNTHASE COMPLEXES; GLYCAN PROCESSING ENZYMES; VACUOLAR H+-ATPASE; SECRETORY PATHWAY; ENDOPLASMIC-RETICULUM; PLASMA-MEMBRANE; POLYSACCHARIDE BIOSYNTHESIS; ARABINOGALACTAN PROTEINS; MITOCHONDRIAL PROTEOME AB The plant Golgi plays a pivotal role in the biosynthesis of cell wall matrix polysaccharides, protein glycosylation, and vesicle trafficking. Golgi-localized proteins have become prospective targets for reengineering cell wall biosynthetic pathways for the efficient production of biofuels from plant cell walls. However, proteomic characterization of the Golgi has so far been limited, owing to the technical challenges inherent in Golgi purification. In this study, a combination of density centrifugation and surface charge separation techniques have allowed the reproducible isolation of Golgi membranes from Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) at sufficiently high purity levels for in-depth proteomic analysis. Quantitative proteomic analysis, immunoblotting, enzyme activity assays, and electron microscopy all confirm high purity levels. A composition analysis indicated that approximately 19% of proteins were likely derived from contaminating compartments and ribosomes. The localization of 13 newly assigned proteins to the Golgi using transient fluorescent markers further validated the proteome. A collection of 371 proteins consistently identified in all replicates has been proposed to represent the Golgi proteome, marking an appreciable advancement in numbers of Golgi-localized proteins. A significant proportion of proteins likely involved in matrix polysaccharide biosynthesis were identified. The potential within this proteome for advances in understanding Golgi processes has been demonstrated by the identification and functional characterization of the first plant Golgi-resident nucleoside diphosphatase, using a yeast complementation assay. Overall, these data show key proteins involved in primary cell wall synthesis and include a mixture of well-characterized and unknown proteins whose biological roles and importance as targets for future research can now be realized. C1 [Parsons, Harriet T.; Christiansen, Katy; Knierim, Bernhard; Carroll, Andrew; Ito, Jun; Batth, Tanveer S.; Smith-Moritz, Andreia M.; Morrison, Stephanie; McInerney, Peter; Hadi, Masood Z.; Auer, Manfred; Mukhopadhyay, Aindrila; Petzold, Christopher J.; Scheller, Henrik V.; Loque, Dominique; Heazlewood, Joshua L.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Joint BioEnergy Inst, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Parsons, Harriet T.; Christiansen, Katy; Knierim, Bernhard; Carroll, Andrew; Ito, Jun; Batth, Tanveer S.; Smith-Moritz, Andreia M.; Morrison, Stephanie; McInerney, Peter; Hadi, Masood Z.; Auer, Manfred; Mukhopadhyay, Aindrila; Petzold, Christopher J.; Scheller, Henrik V.; Loque, Dominique; Heazlewood, Joshua L.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Morrison, Stephanie; McInerney, Peter; Hadi, Masood Z.] Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. [Scheller, Henrik V.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Plant & Microbial Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Heazlewood, JL (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Joint BioEnergy Inst, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM jlheazlewood@lbl.gov RI Heazlewood, Joshua/A-2554-2008; Scheller, Henrik/A-8106-2008; Loque, Dominique/A-8153-2008; Parsons, Harriet/J-9094-2016 OI Heazlewood, Joshua/0000-0002-2080-3826; Scheller, Henrik/0000-0002-6702-3560; Parsons, Harriet/0000-0003-1666-9123 FU Office of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research, U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; Alexander von Hum-boldt Foundation FX This work was supported by the Office of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research, U.S. Department of Energy (contract no. DE-AC02-05CH11231) and by the Alexander von Hum-boldt Foundation (Feodor Lynen Research Fellowship to B.K.). NR 87 TC 63 Z9 72 U1 2 U2 73 PU AMER SOC PLANT BIOLOGISTS PI ROCKVILLE PA 15501 MONONA DRIVE, ROCKVILLE, MD 20855 USA SN 0032-0889 J9 PLANT PHYSIOL JI Plant Physiol. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 159 IS 1 BP 12 EP 26 DI 10.1104/pp.111.193151 PG 15 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 937KJ UT WOS:000303657100002 PM 22430844 ER PT J AU Vega-Sanchez, ME Verhertbruggen, Y Christensen, U Chen, XW Sharma, V Varanasi, P Jobling, SA Talbot, M White, RG Joo, M Singh, S Auer, M Scheller, HV Ronald, PC AF Vega-Sanchez, Miguel E. Verhertbruggen, Yves Christensen, Ulla Chen, Xuewei Sharma, Vaishali Varanasi, Patanjali Jobling, Stephen A. Talbot, Mark White, Rosemary G. Joo, Michael Singh, Seema Auer, Manfred Scheller, Henrik V. Ronald, Pamela C. TI Loss of Cellulose Synthase-Like F6 Function Affects Mixed-Linkage Glucan Deposition, Cell Wall Mechanical Properties, and Defense Responses in Vegetative Tissues of Rice SO PLANT PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SYNTHASE-LIKE GENES; (1,3/1,4)-BETA-D-GLUCAN SYNTHESIS; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODY; ARABIDOPSIS; BARLEY; BIOSYNTHESIS; UNIQUE; ENDOSPERM; PLANTS; EXPRESSION AB Mixed-linkage glucan (MLG) is a cell wall polysaccharide containing a backbone of unbranched (1,3)- and (1,4)-linked beta-glucosyl residues. Based on its occurrence in plants and chemical characteristics, MLG has primarily been associated with the regulation of cell wall expansion due to its high and transient accumulation in young, expanding tissues. The Cellulose synthase-like F (CslF) subfamily of glycosyltransferases has previously been implicated in mediating the biosynthesis of this polymer. We confirmed that the rice (Oryza sativa) CslF6 gene mediates the biosynthesis of MLG by overexpressing it in Nicotiana benthamiana. Rice cslf6 knockout mutants show a slight decrease in height and stem diameter but otherwise grew normally during vegetative development. However, cslf6 mutants display a drastic decrease in MLG content (97% reduction in coleoptiles and virtually undetectable in other tissues). Immunodetection with an anti-MLG monoclonal antibody revealed that the coleoptiles and leaves retain trace amounts of MLG only in specific cell types such as sclerenchyma fibers. These results correlate with the absence of endogenous MLG synthase activity in mutant seedlings and 4-week-old sheaths. Mutant cell walls are weaker in mature stems but not seedlings, and more brittle in both stems and seedlings, compared to wild type. Mutants also display lesion mimic phenotypes in leaves, which correlates with enhanced defense-related gene expression and enhanced disease resistance. Taken together, our results underline a weaker role of MLG in cell expansion than previously thought, and highlight a structural role for MLG in nonexpanding, mature stem tissues in rice. C1 [Vega-Sanchez, Miguel E.; Verhertbruggen, Yves; Christensen, Ulla; Chen, Xuewei; Sharma, Vaishali; Varanasi, Patanjali; Joo, Michael; Singh, Seema; Auer, Manfred; Scheller, Henrik V.; Ronald, Pamela C.] Joint BioEnergy Inst, Emeryville, CA 94608 USA. [Verhertbruggen, Yves; Christensen, Ulla; Sharma, Vaishali; Scheller, Henrik V.; Ronald, Pamela C.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Phys Biosci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Joo, Michael; Auer, Manfred] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Jobling, Stephen A.; Talbot, Mark; White, Rosemary G.] Black Mt Labs, Commonwealth Sci & Ind Res Org Food Futures Flags, Black Mt, ACT 2601, Australia. [Jobling, Stephen A.] Black Mt Labs, Commonwealth Sci & Ind Res Org Plant Ind, Black Mt, ACT 2601, Australia. [Vega-Sanchez, Miguel E.; Chen, Xuewei; Ronald, Pamela C.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Pathol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Ronald, Pamela C.] Univ Calif Davis, Genome Ctr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Varanasi, Patanjali; Singh, Seema] Sandia Natl Labs, Biomass Sci & Convers Technol Dept, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. [Ronald, Pamela C.] Kyung Hee Univ, Dept Plant Mol Syst Biotechnol, Yongin 446701, South Korea. [Ronald, Pamela C.] Kyung Hee Univ, Crop Biotech Inst, Yongin 446701, South Korea. RP Ronald, PC (reprint author), Joint BioEnergy Inst, Emeryville, CA 94608 USA. EM pcronald@ucdavis.edu RI White, Rosemary/B-3050-2010; Jobling, Stephen/B-6056-2009; Vega-Sanchez, Miguel/K-3072-2012; Scheller, Henrik/A-8106-2008; OI White, Rosemary/0000-0002-7618-3814; Vega-Sanchez, Miguel/0000-0003-0128-2743; Scheller, Henrik/0000-0002-6702-3560; Verhertbruggen, Yves/0000-0003-4114-5428 FU Office of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research, of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization Food Futures Flagship FX This work was supported by the Office of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research, of the U.S. Department of Energy (contract no. DE-AC02-05CH11231) and by the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization Food Futures Flagship. NR 64 TC 44 Z9 45 U1 3 U2 54 PU AMER SOC PLANT BIOLOGISTS PI ROCKVILLE PA 15501 MONONA DRIVE, ROCKVILLE, MD 20855 USA SN 0032-0889 J9 PLANT PHYSIOL JI Plant Physiol. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 159 IS 1 BP 56 EP 69 DI 10.1104/pp.112.195495 PG 14 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 937KJ UT WOS:000303657100007 PM 22388489 ER PT J AU Galtieri, AB Margaroli, F Volobouev, I AF Galtieri, Angela Barbaro Margaroli, Fabrizio Volobouev, Igor TI Precision measurements of the top quark mass from the Tevatron in the pre-LHC era SO REPORTS ON PROGRESS IN PHYSICS LA English DT Review ID PRODUCTION CROSS-SECTION; HADRON-HADRON-COLLISIONS; COLLIDER DETECTOR; DILEPTON EVENTS; PAIR PRODUCTION; (P)OVER-BAR-P COLLISIONS; FRAGMENTATION FUNCTION; PARTON DISTRIBUTIONS; PERTURBATION-THEORY; QCD CORRECTIONS AB The top quark is the heaviest of the six quarks of the standard model (SM). Precise knowledge of its mass is important for imposing constraints on a number of physics processes, including interactions of the as yet unobserved Higgs boson. The Higgs boson is the only missing particle of the SM, central to the electroweak symmetry breaking mechanism and generation of particle masses. In this review, experimental measurements of the top quark mass accomplished at the Tevatron, a proton-antiproton collider located at the Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, are described. Topologies of top quark events and the methods used to separate signal events from background sources are discussed. Data analysis techniques used to extract information about the top mass value are reviewed. The combination of several of the most precise measurements performed with the two Tevatron particle detectors, CDF and D empty set, yields a value of M-t = 173.2 +/- 0.9 GeV/c(2). C1 [Galtieri, Angela Barbaro] Ernest O Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Margaroli, Fabrizio] Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Volobouev, Igor] Texas Tech Univ, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. RP Galtieri, AB (reprint author), Ernest O Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. NR 210 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 5 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0034-4885 EI 1361-6633 J9 REP PROG PHYS JI Rep. Prog. Phys. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 75 IS 5 AR 056201 DI 10.1088/0034-4885/75/5/056201 PG 39 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 936UN UT WOS:000303615600002 PM 22790585 ER PT J AU Gallone, A Hunter, A Douglas, GC AF Gallone, A. Hunter, A. Douglas, G. C. TI Radiosensitivity of Hebe 'Oratia Beauty' and 'Wiri Mist' irradiated in vitro with gamma-rays from Co-60 SO SCIENTIA HORTICULTURAE LA English DT Article DE Micropropagation; Plantaginaceae; Irradiation; Hebe; Radiosensitivity ID MUTATION-INDUCTION; RADIATION AB Hebe 'Oratia Beauty' and 'Wiri Mist' were micropropagated and nodal explants were used to determine their radiosensitivity, in vitro. A source of gamma-rays was used to deliver doses of 20, 30, 40, 50 Gy for 'Oratia Beauty' and 15, 30, 45, 60 Gy for 'Wiri Mist'. After irradiation, the fresh weight gain/loss of the single nodal explants was measured over two consecutive culture periods and the dose resulting in a 50% loss in fresh weight was computed as the LD50 value. With 'Oratia Beauty', the LD50 was determined as 37 Gy from the first culture period and 33 Gy from the second. The cultivar 'Wiri Mist' was the least sensitive to radiation: its LD50 was determined at a dose of 48 Gy from the first culture period and 56 Gy in the second. The recovery of putative mutants was higher in the more radiosensitive cultivar, 'Oratia Beauty' (7.1%), than in 'Wiri Mist' (2.2%). (C) Crown Copyright 2012 Published by Elsevier BM. All rights reserved. C1 [Gallone, A.; Douglas, G. C.] TEAGASC, Agr & Food Dev Author, Dublin 17, Ireland. [Gallone, A.; Hunter, A.] Univ Coll Dublin, Sch Agr Food Sci & Vet Med, Dublin 4, Ireland. RP Douglas, GC (reprint author), TEAGASC, Agr & Food Dev Author, Kinsealy Res Ctr Malahide Rd, Dublin 17, Ireland. EM gerry.douglas@teagasc.ie RI Gallone, Angelo/H-2094-2015 FU Teagasc Walsh Fellowship Scheme FX We acknowledge the Teagasc Walsh Fellowship Scheme to A. Gallone and the irradiation facility provided by the Plant Breeding Unit, Joint FAO/IAEA, Seibersdorf, Austria. We thank Dr. C. Mba and Mr. S. Bado for their valuable suggestions and guidance, Glenbrook Nurseries, Ireland for providing plants and Clemence Boutfol for technical assistance. NR 29 TC 2 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-4238 J9 SCI HORTIC-AMSTERDAM JI Sci. Hortic. PD MAY 1 PY 2012 VL 138 BP 36 EP 42 DI 10.1016/j.scienta.2012.02.006 PG 7 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 936XR UT WOS:000303623800005 ER PT J AU Novak, JM Busscher, WJ Watts, DW Amonette, JE Ippolito, JA Lima, IM Gaskin, J Das, KC Steiner, C Ahmedna, M Rehrah, D Schomberg, H AF Novak, Jeffrey M. Busscher, Warren J. Watts, Donald W. Amonette, James E. Ippolito, James A. Lima, Isabel M. Gaskin, Julia Das, K. C. Steiner, Christoph Ahmedna, Mohamed Rehrah, Djaafar Schomberg, Harry TI Biochars Impact on Soil-Moisture Storage in an Ultisol and Two Aridisols SO SOIL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Aridisol; biochar; GRACEnet; soil moisture; Ultisol ID BLACK CARBON; TEMPERATURE PYROLYSIS; CHARCOAL; OPPORTUNITIES; BIOENERGY; KINETICS; BAGASSE; SILICA; ENERGY; PLANTS AB Biochar additions to soils can improve soil-water storage capability; however, there is sparse information identifying feedstocks and pyrolysis conditions that maximize this improvement. Nine biochars were pyrolyzed from five feedstocks at two temperatures, and their physical and chemical properties were characterized. Biochars were mixed at 2% wt wt(-1) into a Norfolk loamy sand (Fine-loamy, kaolinitic, thermic Typic Kandiudult), a Declo silt loam (Coarse-loamy, mixed, superactive, mesic xeric Haplocalcid), or aWarden silt loam(Coarse-silty, mixed, superactive, mesic xeric Haplocambid). Untreated soils served as controls. Soils were laboratory incubated in pots for 127 days and were leached about every 30 days with deionized water. Soil bulk densities were measured before each leaching event. For 6 days thereafter, pot-holding capacities (PHC) for water were determined gravimetrically and were used as a surrogate for soil-moisture contents. Water tension curves were also measured on the biochar-treated and untreated Norfolk soil. Biochar surface area, surface tension, ash, C, and Si contents, in general, increased when produced under higher pyrolytic temperatures (>= 500 degrees C). Both switchgrass biochars caused the most significant water PHC improvements in the Norfolk, Declo, and Warden soils compared with the controls. Norfolk soil-water tension results at 5 and 60 kPa corroborated that biochar from switchgrass caused the most significant moisture storage improvements. Significant correlation occurred between the PHC for water with soil bulk densities. In general, biochar amendments enhanced the moisture storage capacity of Ultisols and Aridisols, but the effect varied with feedstock selection and pyrolysis temperature. C1 [Novak, Jeffrey M.; Busscher, Warren J.; Watts, Donald W.] ARS, USDA, Coastal Plains Res Ctr, Florence, SC USA. [Amonette, James E.] US DOE, Chem & Mat Sci Div, Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA USA. [Ippolito, James A.] ARS, USDA, NW Irrigat & Soils Res Lab, Kimberly, ID USA. [Lima, Isabel M.] ARS, USDA, So Reg Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA USA. [Gaskin, Julia; Das, K. C.; Steiner, Christoph] Univ Georgia, Dept Biol & Agr Engn, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Ahmedna, Mohamed; Rehrah, Djaafar] N Carolina Agr & Tech State Univ, Interdisciplinary Energy & Environm Program, Greensboro, NC 27411 USA. [Schomberg, Harry] ARS, USDA, James P Campbell Nat Resources Res Ctr, Watkinsville, GA USA. RP Novak, JM (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Coastal Plains Res Ctr, 2611 W Lucas St, Florence, SC USA. EM jeff.novak@ars.usda.gov OI Ahmedna, Mohamed/0000-0001-8727-4300; Steiner, Christoph/0000-0002-7950-1670 FU USDOE [DE-AC05-76RL01830]; US Department of Agriculture, Agriculture Research Service, under the ARS-GRACEnet; US Department of Energy (USDOE), Office of Fossil Energy; Terrestrial Carbon Sequestration Program; USDOE's Office of Biological and Environmental Research FX This publication is based on work supported by the US Department of Agriculture, Agriculture Research Service, under the ARS-GRACEnet project, and by the US Department of Energy (USDOE), Office of Fossil Energy, and Terrestrial Carbon Sequestration Program. The authors thank Sheeneka Green and Dean Evans for conducting laboratory analyses in Florence and Nicholas Schlekewey and Daniel Humphrys, who performed the MED tests in the Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory (EMSL). The EMSL is a national scientific user facility sponsored by the USDOE's Office of Biological and Environmental Research and located at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL). PNNL is operated for the USDOE by Battelle Memorial Institute under contract DE-AC05-76RL01830. NR 52 TC 71 Z9 76 U1 3 U2 105 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0038-075X J9 SOIL SCI JI Soil Sci. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 177 IS 5 BP 310 EP 320 DI 10.1097/SS.0b013e31824e5593 PG 11 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 936QF UT WOS:000303604400002 ER PT J AU Wiese, S Kilgore, UJ DuBois, DL Bullock, RM AF Wiese, Stefan Kilgore, Uriah J. DuBois, Daniel L. Bullock, R. Morris TI [Ni((P2N2Ph)-N-Me)(2)](BF4)(2) as an Electrocatalyst for H-2 Production SO ACS CATALYSIS LA English DT Article DE hydrogen; electrocatalysis; proton relay; pendant amine; proton reduction; nickel ID HYDROGENASE ACTIVE-SITE; IRON-ONLY HYDROGENASE; 2ND COORDINATION SPHERE; HYDRIDE DONOR ABILITIES; MOLECULAR ELECTROCATALYSTS; FUNCTIONAL MODELS; STRUCTURE/FUNCTION RELATIONSHIPS; GENERATING HYDROGEN; DIPHOSPHINE LIGANDS; LOW OVERPOTENTIALS AB A nickel(II) bis(diphosphine) complex, [Ni((P2N2Ph)-N-Me)(2)](BF4)(2) ((P2N2Ph)-N-Me = 1,5-diphenyl-3,7-dimethyl-1,5-diaza-3,7-diphosphacyclooctane), has been synthesized and characterized. This complex, which contains pendant amines in the diphosphine ligand, is an electrocatalyst for hydrogen production by proton reduction. Using [(DMF)H]OTf as the acid, a turnover frequency of 1,540 s(-1) was obtained with no added water, and a turnover frequency of 6,700 s(-1) was found with 1.0 M water added. Thermochemical studies show that the hydride donor ability of [HNi((P2N2Ph)-N-Me)(2)](BF4) is Delta G degrees(H)-= 54.0 kcal/mol, and we estimate a driving force for H-2 elimination of 13.8 kcal/mol. [Ni((P2N2Ph)-N-Me)(2)](BF4)(2) is the fastest H-2 production catalyst in the [Ni((P2N2R')-N-R)(2)](BF4)(2) complexes. C1 [Wiese, Stefan; Kilgore, Uriah J.; DuBois, Daniel L.; Bullock, R. Morris] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Chem & Mat Sci Div, Ctr Mol Electrocatalysis, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP DuBois, DL (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Chem & Mat Sci Div, Ctr Mol Electrocatalysis, POB 999,K2-57, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM daniel.dubois@pnnl.gov; morris.bullock@pnnl.gov RI Bullock, R. Morris/L-6802-2016 OI Bullock, R. Morris/0000-0001-6306-4851 FU Center for Molecular Electrocatalysis, an Energy Frontier Research Center; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science FX This research was supported as part of the Center for Molecular Electrocatalysis, an Energy Frontier Research Center funded by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science. Pacific Northwest National Laboratory is operated by Battelle for the U.S. Department of Energy. NR 79 TC 53 Z9 53 U1 4 U2 58 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 2155-5435 J9 ACS CATAL JI ACS Catal. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 2 IS 5 BP 720 EP 727 DI 10.1021/cs300019h PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 935BP UT WOS:000303492400004 ER PT J AU Wanjala, BN Fang, B Loukrakpam, R Chen, YS Engelhard, M Luo, J Yin, J Yang, LF Shan, SY Zhong, CJ AF Wanjala, Bridgid N. Fang, Bin Loukrakpam, Rameshwori Chen, Yongsheng Engelhard, Mark Luo, Jin Yin, Jun Yang, Lefu Shan, Shiyao Zhong, Chuan-Jian TI Role of Metal Coordination Structures in Enhancement of Electrocatalytic Activity of Ternary Nanoalloys for Oxygen Reduction Reaction SO ACS CATALYSIS LA English DT Article DE nanoalloy; atomic-scale coordination structure; electrocatalytic activity; ternary nanoparticles; oxygen reduction reaction ID ALLOY NANOPARTICLE CATALYSTS; MEMBRANE FUEL-CELLS; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; CONTROLLABLE SIZES; STABILITY; PERFORMANCE; SURFACES; SEGREGATION; PT3NI(111); ORIGIN AB The ability to harness the metal coordination structures of nanoalloy catalysts is critical for catalyzing the oxygen reduction reaction because such a detailed atomic-scale structure dictates the surface binding site and strength for molecular oxygen and oxygenated intermediate species in the electrocatalytic process. This Article describes the results of an investigation of the metal coordination structures of ternary (PtNiCo) nanoalloys and their manipulation to enhance the electrocatalytic activity for oxygen reduction reaction. The basic hypothesis is that such atomic-scale structure can be manipulated by oxidative-reductive thermal treatment to influence the binding site and strength of molecular oxygen and oxygenated species on the nanoalloy surface. The results have revealed remarkable increases in both mass activity and specific activity for the catalysts processed by the oxidative-reductive treatment over those treated under nonreactive or low-degree oxidative atmospheres before the reductive treatment. An increased degree of heteroatomic alloying among the three metal components in the ternary catalysts and a decreased percentage of oxygenated metal species (NiO and CoO) have been revealed by X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy for the catalysts treated by the oxidative-reductive treatment. An enrichment of surface Pt has also been detected by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy for such catalysts. A combination of the increase in the heteroatomic alloying, the decrease in oxygenated metal species, and the enrichment of surface Pt by the oxidative-reductive thermal treatment has therefore been concluded to be responsible for the enhanced electrocatalytic activity. The demonstration of this new approach to manipulating the metal coordination structures forms the basis for an effective strategy in engineering ternary nanoalloy catalysts, and has provided new insights into the role of such structures in the enhancement of the electrocatalytic activity. C1 [Wanjala, Bridgid N.; Fang, Bin; Loukrakpam, Rameshwori; Luo, Jin; Yin, Jun; Yang, Lefu; Shan, Shiyao; Zhong, Chuan-Jian] SUNY Binghamton, Dept Chem, Binghamton, NY 13902 USA. [Chen, Yongsheng] Penn State Univ, EMS Energy Inst, John & Willie Leone Family Dept Energy & Mineral, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Engelhard, Mark] Pacific NW Natl Lab, EMSL, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Chen, Yongsheng] Penn State Univ, Mat Res Inst, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RP Chen, YS (reprint author), Penn State Univ, EMS Energy Inst, John & Willie Leone Family Dept Energy & Mineral, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. EM yzc2@psu.edu; cjzhong@binghamton.edu RI Engelhard, Mark/F-1317-2010; Chen, Yongsheng/P-4800-2014; Zhong, Chuan-Jian/D-3394-2013; OI Engelhard, Mark/0000-0002-5543-0812 FU National Science Foundation [CBET-0709113, CHE 0848701]; DOE-BES [DE-SC0006877]; Office of Basic Energy Sciences of the U.S. Department of Energy [W-31-109-Eng-38]; National Science Foundation Division of Materials Research; Department of Energy's Office of Biological and Environmental Research FX This work was supported by the National Science Foundation (CBET-0709113, CHE 0848701). The work was also in part supported by DOE-BES (DE-SC0006877). The XAFS work at the 9-BM Beamline was supported in part by the Office of Basic Energy Sciences of the U.S. Dept. of Energy and by the National Science Foundation Division of Materials Research. Use of the Advanced Photon Source is supported by the Office of Basic Energy Sciences of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. W-31-109-Eng-38. The XPS measurement was performed using EMSL, a national scientific user facility sponsored by the Department of Energy's Office of Biological and Environmental Research located at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory. NR 44 TC 34 Z9 35 U1 7 U2 67 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 2155-5435 J9 ACS CATAL JI ACS Catal. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 2 IS 5 BP 795 EP 806 DI 10.1021/cs300080k PG 12 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 935BP UT WOS:000303492400013 ER PT J AU Karan, HI Sasaki, K Kuttiyiel, K Farberow, CA Mavrikakis, M Adzic, RR AF Karan, Hiroko I. Sasaki, Kotaro Kuttiyiel, Kurian Farberow, Carrie A. Mavrikakis, Manos Adzic, Radoslav R. TI Catalytic Activity of Platinum Mono layer on Iridium and Rhenium Alloy Nanoparticles for the Oxygen Reduction Reaction SO ACS CATALYSIS LA English DT Article DE oxygen reduction; platinum monolayer; core-shell nanoparticles; electrocatalysis; fuel cells ID MONOLAYER ELECTROCATALYSTS; METAL-SURFACES; O-2 REDUCTION; REPLACEMENT; DEPOSITION; ELECTRODE; REMOVAL; AU AB A new type of electrocatalyst with a core-shell structure that consists of a platinum monolayer shell placed on an iridium-rhenium nanoparticle core or platinum and palladium bilayer shell deposited on that core has been prepared and tested for electrocatalytic activity for the oxygen reduction reaction. Carbon-supported iridium-rhenium alloy nanoparticles with several different molar ratios of Ir to Re were prepared by reducing metal chlorides dispersed on Vulcan carbon with hydrogen gas at 400 degrees C for 1 h. These catalysts showed specific electrocatalytic activity for oxygen reduction reaction comparable to that of platinum. The activities of Pt-ML/Pd-ML/Ir2Re1, Pt-ML/Pd-2layers/Ir2Re1, and Pt-ML/Pd-2layers/Ir7Re3 catalysts were, in fact, better than that of conventional platinum electrocatalysts, and their mass activities exceeded the 2015 DOE target. Our density functional theory calculations revealed that the molar ratio of Ir to Re affects the binding strength of adsorbed OH and, thereby, the O-2 reduction activity of the catalysts. The maximum specific activity was found for an intermediate OH binding energy with the corresponding catalyst on the top of the volcano plot. The monolayer concept facilitates the use of much less platinum than in other approaches. The results with the Pt-ML/Pd-ML/Ir2Re electrocatalyst indicate that it is a promising alternative to conventional Pt electrocatalysts in low-temperature fuel cells. C1 [Karan, Hiroko I.] CUNY Medgar Evers Coll, Dept Phys Environm & Comp Sci, Brooklyn, NY 11225 USA. [Sasaki, Kotaro; Kuttiyiel, Kurian; Adzic, Radoslav R.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Farberow, Carrie A.; Mavrikakis, Manos] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Chem & Biol Engn, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Karan, HI (reprint author), CUNY Medgar Evers Coll, Dept Phys Environm & Comp Sci, Brooklyn, NY 11225 USA. EM hiroko@mec.cuny.edu; adzic@bnl.gov RI Mavrikakis, Manos/D-5702-2012 OI Mavrikakis, Manos/0000-0002-5293-5356 FU U.S. Department of Energy, Basic Energy Sciences, Divisions of Chemical and Material Sciences, Material Sciences and Engineering Division [DE-AC02-98CH10886]; DOE-BES, Chemical Sciences; NSF [DGE-0946806]; National Center for Computational Sciences (NCCS) at Oak Ridge National Laboratory; National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center (NERSC); U.S. Department of Energy's Office of Biological and Environmental Research; Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energ [DE-AC05-00OR22725, DE-AC02-05CH11231]; Medgar Evers College, City University of New York; office of Educational Programs at Brookhaven National Laboratory FX This work is supported by U.S. Department of Energy, Basic Energy Sciences, Divisions of Chemical and Material Sciences, Material Sciences and Engineering Division, under the Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886. Work at UW-Madison was supported by DOE-BES, Chemical Sciences. CAF. thanks the NSF for a Graduate Research Fellowship under Grant No. DGE-0946806. Research was performed using supercomputing resources at EMSL, a national scientific user facility located at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory; the National Center for Computational Sciences (NCCS) at Oak Ridge National Laboratory; and the National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center (NERSC). EMSL is sponsored by the U.S. Department of Energy's Office of Biological and Environmental Research. NCCS and NERSC are supported by the Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contracts Nos. DE-AC05-00OR22725 and DE-AC02-05CH11231, respectively. H.I.K. acknowledges a sabbatical fellowship by Medgar Evers College, The City University of New York, and the sabbatical program sponsored by the office of Educational Programs at Brookhaven National Laboratory. NR 34 TC 43 Z9 43 U1 9 U2 156 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 2155-5435 J9 ACS CATAL JI ACS Catal. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 2 IS 5 BP 817 EP 824 DI 10.1021/cs200592x PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 935BP UT WOS:000303492400015 ER PT J AU Shao, YY Park, S Xiao, J Zhang, JG Wang, Y Liu, J AF Shao, Yuyan Park, Sehkyu Xiao, Jie Zhang, Ji-Guang Wang, Yong Liu, Jun TI Electrocatalysts for Nonaqueous Lithium-Air Batteries: Status, Challenges, and Perspective SO ACS CATALYSIS LA English DT Article DE lithium air battery; energy storage; electrocatalyst; oxygen reduction/evolution; lithium peroxide ID OXYGEN REDUCTION REACTION; RECHARGEABLE LI-O-2 BATTERIES; ELECTROLYTE FUEL-CELLS; LI-AIR; LI/AIR BATTERIES; POLYMER-ELECTROLYTE; OXIDE SURFACES; ELECTROCHEMICAL REDUCTION; CARBONATE ELECTROLYTES; AQUEOUS-ELECTROLYTE AB The Li-air battery has recently emerged as a potentially transformational energy storage technology for both transportation and stationary energy storage applications because of its very high specific energy; however, its practical application is currently limited by the poor power capability (low current density), poor cyclability, and low energy efficiency. All of these are largely determined by interfacial reactions on oxygen electrocatalysts in the air electrode. In this article, we review the fundamental understanding of oxygen electrocatalysis in nonaqueous electrolytes and the status and challenges of oxygen electrocatalysts and provide a perspective on new electrocatalysts design and development. C1 [Shao, Yuyan; Park, Sehkyu; Xiao, Jie; Zhang, Ji-Guang; Wang, Yong; Liu, Jun] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Zhang, JG (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM Jiguang.zhang@pnnl.gov; yong.wang@pnnl.gov; jun.liu@pnnl.gov RI Shao, Yuyan/A-9911-2008; Park, Sehkyu/E-5153-2010; Wang, Yong/C-2344-2013 OI Shao, Yuyan/0000-0001-5735-2670; FU U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering; KC020105-FWP12152; Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL); U.S. DOE; Department of Energy [DE-AC05-76RL01830] FX This research is supported by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering, under Award KC020105-FWP12152, the Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), and the U.S. DOE Fuel Cell Technologies Program. PNNL is a multiprogram laboratory operated by Battelle Memorial Institute for the Department of Energy under Contract DE-AC05-76RL01830. The authors thank Michael Perkins for the graphics. NR 156 TC 254 Z9 257 U1 21 U2 292 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 2155-5435 J9 ACS CATAL JI ACS Catal. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 2 IS 5 BP 844 EP 857 DI 10.1021/cs300036v PG 14 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 935BP UT WOS:000303492400018 ER PT J AU Alia, SM Jensen, KO Pivovar, BS Yan, YS AF Alia, Shaun M. Jensen, Kurt O. Pivovar, Bryan S. Yan, Yushan TI Platinum-Coated Palladium Nanotubes as Oxygen Reduction Reaction Electrocatalysts SO ACS CATALYSIS LA English DT Article DE proton exchange membrane fuel cells; platinum nanotubes; core shell catalysts ID CRYSTALLITE SIZE; CATALYSTS; ALLOY; NANOPARTICLES; SURFACES; ACID; NANOSTRUCTURES; TRANSITION; OXIDATION; ELECTRODE AB Platinum (Pt) coated palladium (Pd) nanotubes (Pt/PdNTs) with a wall thickness of 6 nm, outer diameter of 60 nm, and length of 5-20 mu m are synthesized via the partial galvanic displacement of Pd nanotubes. Pt coatings are controlled to a loading of 9 (PtPd 9), 14 (PtPd 14), and 18 (PtPd 18) wt % and estimated to have a thickness of 1.1, 1.7, and 2.2 Pt atoms, respectively, if a uniform and continuous coating is assumed. Oxygen reduction experiments have been used to evaluate Pt/PdNTs, Pt nanotubes, Pd nanotubes, and supported Pt nanoparticle activity for proton exchange membrane fuel cell cathodes. The dollar and area (specific surface area) normalized ORR activities of Pt/PdNTs exceed the United States Department of Energy (DOE) targets. PtPd 9, PtPd 14, and PtPd 18 produce dollar activities of 10.4, 9.4, and 8.7 A$(-1), respectively; PtPd 9 exceeds the DOE dollar activity target (9.7 A$(-1)) by 7%. Pt/PdNTs further exceed the DOE area activity target by 40-43%. C1 [Alia, Shaun M.; Jensen, Kurt O.; Yan, Yushan] Univ Delaware, Dept Chem Engn, Newark, DE 19716 USA. [Alia, Shaun M.; Jensen, Kurt O.; Yan, Yushan] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Chem & Environm Engn, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Pivovar, Bryan S.] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Yan, YS (reprint author), Univ Delaware, Dept Chem Engn, Newark, DE 19716 USA. EM yanys@udel.edu FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC36-08-GO28308]; National Renewable Energy Laboratory FX This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy through the Fuel Cell Technologies Program under Contract No. DE-AC36-08-GO28308 with the National Renewable Energy Laboratory. NR 32 TC 49 Z9 50 U1 4 U2 108 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 2155-5435 J9 ACS CATAL JI ACS Catal. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 2 IS 5 BP 858 EP 863 DI 10.1021/cs200682c PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 935BP UT WOS:000303492400019 ER PT J AU Wang, C Markovic, NM Stamenkovic, VR AF Wang, Chao Markovic, Nenad M. Stamenkovic, Vojislav R. TI Advanced Platinum Alloy Electrocatalysts for the Oxygen Reduction Reaction SO ACS CATALYSIS LA English DT Review DE platinum; alloy; electrocatalysts; oxygen reduction reaction ID FUEL-CELL ELECTROCATALYSTS; SHAPE-CONTROLLED SYNTHESIS; 1ST PRINCIPLES; PARTICLE-SIZE; BIMETALLIC NANOPARTICLES; NIXPT1-X NANOPARTICLES; ETHYLENE EPOXIDATION; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; COLLOIDAL SYNTHESIS; FEPT NANOPARTICLES AB In the past decade, significant advancement has been made in the development of electrocatalysts for energy conversion and storage. Among various approaches, alloying Pt with 3d transition metals has shown great potential in tailoring the atomic and electronic structures of catalytically active materials toward improved catalytic performance. Here, we provide a brief overview of the recent advancements in the design and synthesis of electrocatalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction. Our focus is placed on the systematic studies of particle size, composition, and shape effect for the monodisperse and homogeneous platinum alloy electrocatalysts that have been synthesized by organic solution approaches. C1 [Wang, Chao; Markovic, Nenad M.; Stamenkovic, Vojislav R.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Stamenkovic, VR (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM vrstamenkovic@anl.gov RI Wang, Chao/F-4558-2012 OI Wang, Chao/0000-0001-7398-2090 FU Argonne National Laboratory, a U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science Laboratory [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy FX This work was conducted at Argonne National Laboratory, a U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science Laboratory, operated by UChicago Argonne, LLC, under contract no. DE-AC02-06CH11357. This research was sponsored by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Fuel Cell Technologies Program. NR 90 TC 185 Z9 186 U1 37 U2 343 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 2155-5435 J9 ACS CATAL JI ACS Catal. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 2 IS 5 BP 891 EP 898 DI 10.1021/cs3000792 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 935BP UT WOS:000303492400021 ER PT J AU De Crignis, E Guglietta, S Foley, BT Negroni, M Di Narzo, AF Da Costa, VW Cavassini, M Bart, PA Pantaleo, G Graziosi, C AF De Crignis, Elisa Guglietta, Silvia Foley, Brian T. Negroni, Matteo Di Narzo, Antonio Fabio Da Costa, Vreneli Waelti Cavassini, Matthias Bart, Pierre-Alexandre Pantaleo, Giuseppe Graziosi, Cecilia TI Nonrandom Distribution of Cryptic Repeating Triplets of Purines and Pyrimidines (RNY)(n) in gp120 of HIV Type1 SO AIDS RESEARCH AND HUMAN RETROVIRUSES LA English DT Article ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; N-LINKED GLYCOSYLATION; B DNA CONFORMATIONS; HTLV-III; REVERSE-TRANSCRIPTASE; ENVELOPE GENE; HUMAN-DISEASE; IN-VIVO; HYPERVARIABLE REGIONS; NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCE AB We have analyzed purine (R) and pyrimidine (Y) codon patterns in variable and constant regions of HIV-1 gp120 in seven patients infected with different HIV-1 subtypes and naive to antiretroviral therapy. We have calculated the relative frequency of each in-frame codon RNY, YNR, RNR, and YNY (N = any nucleotide) in variable and constant regions of gp120, in the sequence within indels and at indels' flanking sites. Our data show that hypervariable regions V1, V2, V4, and V5 are characterized by the presence of long stretches of RNY codons constituting the majority of the sequence portion within insertions/deletions. In full-length gp120 and within inserted/deleted fragments the number of AVT (V = A, C, G) codons did not exceed 50% of the total RNY codons. RNY strings in variable regions spanned up to 21 codons and were always in frame. In contrast, RNY strings in constant regions were mostly out of frame and their length was limited to five codons. The frequency of the codon RNY was found to be significantly higher in variable regions (p < 0.0001; t-test), within indels, and at indels' flanking sites (p < 0.0001; chi(2) test). Analysis of the distribution of RNY strings equal to or longer than five codons in the full genome of HXB2 also shows that these sequences are mostly out of frame, unless they contain a potential N-glycosylation site or an asparagine. These data suggest that cryptic repeats of RNY may play a role in the genesis of multiple base insertions and deletions in hypervariable regions of gp120. C1 [De Crignis, Elisa; Guglietta, Silvia; Di Narzo, Antonio Fabio; Bart, Pierre-Alexandre; Pantaleo, Giuseppe; Graziosi, Cecilia] CHU Vaudois, Dept Med, Lab AIDS Immunopathogenesis, Div Immunol & Allergy, CH-1011 Lausanne, Switzerland. [Foley, Brian T.] Los Alamos Natl Labs, Theoret Biol & Biophys Grp, Los Alamos, NM USA. [Negroni, Matteo] Univ Strasbourg, CNRS, IBMC, Architecture & Reactivite ARN, Strasbourg, France. [Di Narzo, Antonio Fabio] Swiss Inst Bioinformat Bioinformat Core Facil, Lausanne, Switzerland. [Da Costa, Vreneli Waelti; Cavassini, Matthias] CHUV, Div Infect Dis, Dept Med, Lausanne, Switzerland. RP Graziosi, C (reprint author), Hop Beaumont, Lab AIDS Immunopathogenesis, 29 Ave Beaumont,Rm 02-37, CH-1011 Lausanne, Switzerland. EM cecilia.graziosi@chuv.ch RI Pantaleo, Giuseppe/K-6163-2016 OI Foley, Brian/0000-0002-1086-0296; NR 57 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 5 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 0889-2229 J9 AIDS RES HUM RETROV JI Aids Res. Hum. Retrovir. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 28 IS 5 BP 493 EP 504 DI 10.1089/aid.2011.0208 PG 12 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology GA 933XY UT WOS:000303401500011 PM 21902591 ER PT J AU Delis, F Benveniste, H Xenos, M Grandy, D Wang, GJ Volkow, ND Thanos, PK AF Delis, Foteini Benveniste, Helene Xenos, Michalis Grandy, David Wang, Gene-Jack Volkow, Nora D. Thanos, Panayotis K. TI Loss of Dopamine D2 Receptors Induces Atrophy in the Temporal and Parietal Cortices and the Caudal Thalamus of Ethanol-Consuming Mice SO ALCOHOLISM-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE D2 Receptors; Ethanol; Brain; MRI; Mouse ID PRENATAL ALCOHOL EXPOSURE; MATTER VOLUME LOSS; GRAY-MATTER; HIPPOCAMPAL VOLUME; AGONISTS PROTECT; HEAVY DRINKING; DEFICIENT MICE; BRAIN VOLUMES; DEPENDENCE; INDIVIDUALS AB Background: The need of an animal model of alcoholism becomes apparent when we consider the genetic diversity of the human populations, an example being dopamine D2 receptor (DRD2) expression levels. Research suggests that low DRD2 availability is associated with alcohol abuse, while higher DRD2 levels may be protective against alcoholism. This study aims to establish whether (i) the ethanol-consuming mouse is a suitable model of alcohol-induced brain atrophy and (ii) DRD2 protect the brain against alcohol toxicity. Methods: Adult Drd2+/+ and Drd2-/- mice drank either water or 20% ethanol solution for 6 months. At the end of the treatment period, the mice underwent magnetic resonance (MR) imaging under anesthesia. MR images were registered to a common space, and regions of interest were manually segmented. Results: We found that chronic ethanol intake induced a decrease in the volume of the temporal and parietal cortices as well as the caudal thalamus in Drd2-/- mice. Conclusions: The result suggests that (i) normal DRD2 expression has a protective role against alcohol-induced brain atrophy and (ii) in the absence of Drd2 expression, prolonged ethanol intake reproduces a distinct feature of human brain pathology in alcoholism, the atrophy of the temporal and parietal cortices. C1 [Delis, Foteini; Wang, Gene-Jack; Thanos, Panayotis K.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Med, Behav Neuropharmacol & Neuroimaging Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Delis, Foteini; Volkow, Nora D.; Thanos, Panayotis K.] NIAAA, Lab Neuroimaging, NIH, Bethesda, MD USA. [Benveniste, Helene] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Anesthesiol, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. [Xenos, Michalis] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Biomed Engn, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. [Grandy, David] Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, Dept Physiol & Pharmacol, Portland, OR 97201 USA. [Thanos, Panayotis K.] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Psychol, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. RP Thanos, PK (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Med, Behav Neuropharmacol & Neuroimaging Lab, 30 Bell Ave,Bldg 490, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM thanos@bnl.gov OI Xenos, Michalis/0000-0001-8441-1306 FU NIAAA [AA 11034, AA07574, AA07611] FX This work was supported by the NIAAA (AA 11034 & AA07574, AA07611). We thank Vanessa Gopez for care of the animals, Michael Michaelides for MRI scheduling, and Yu Ma for suggestions on MRI analysis. NR 67 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 4 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0145-6008 J9 ALCOHOL CLIN EXP RES JI Alcoholism (NY) PD MAY PY 2012 VL 36 IS 5 BP 815 EP 825 DI 10.1111/j.1530-0277.2011.01667.x PG 11 WC Substance Abuse SC Substance Abuse GA 933UJ UT WOS:000303388500009 PM 22017419 ER PT J AU Greving, M Cheng, XL Reindl, W Bowen, B Deng, K Louie, K Nyman, M Cohen, J Singh, A Simmons, B Adams, P Siuzdak, G Northen, T AF Greving, Matthew Cheng, Xiaoliang Reindl, Wolfgang Bowen, Benjamin Deng, Kai Louie, Katherine Nyman, Michael Cohen, Joseph Singh, Anup Simmons, Blake Adams, Paul Siuzdak, Gary Northen, Trent TI Acoustic deposition with NIMS as a high-throughput enzyme activity assay SO ANALYTICAL AND BIOANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 16th Conference on Solid State Analysis CY JUL 04-06, 2011 CL Vienna, AUSTRIA DE Nanostructure initiator mass spectrometry; NIMS; Nimzyme; Enzyme assay; Glycoside hydrolase ID MASS-SPECTROMETRY AB Mass spectrometry (MS)-based enzyme assay has been shown to be a useful tool for screening enzymatic activities from environmental samples. Recently, reported approaches for high-specificity multiplexed characterization of enzymatic activities allow for providing detailed information on the range of enzymatic products and monitoring multiple enzymatic reactions. However, the throughput has been limited by the slow liquid-liquid handling and manual analysis. This rapid communication demonstrates the integration of acoustic sample deposition with nanostructure initiator mass spectrometry (NIMS) imaging to provide reproducible measurements of multiple enzymatic reactions at a throughput that is tenfold to 100-fold faster than conventional MS-based enzyme assay. It also provides a simple means for the visualization of multiple reactions and reaction pathways. C1 [Cheng, Xiaoliang; Reindl, Wolfgang; Deng, Kai; Singh, Anup; Simmons, Blake; Adams, Paul; Northen, Trent] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Joint BioEnergy Inst JBEI, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Greving, Matthew; Nyman, Michael; Cohen, Joseph] Nextval, San Diego, CA 92121 USA. [Cheng, Xiaoliang; Reindl, Wolfgang; Bowen, Benjamin; Louie, Katherine; Northen, Trent] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Dept Bioenergy GTL & Struct Biol, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94704 USA. [Deng, Kai; Singh, Anup; Simmons, Blake] Sandia Natl Labs, Biotechnol & Bioengn Dept, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. [Deng, Kai; Singh, Anup; Simmons, Blake] Sandia Natl Labs, Biomass Sci & Convers Dept, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. [Deng, Kai; Singh, Anup; Simmons, Blake] Sandia Natl Labs, Dept Technol, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. [Siuzdak, Gary] Scripps Res Inst, Dept Chem, Ctr Metabol, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA. RP Northen, T (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Joint BioEnergy Inst JBEI, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM TRNorthen@lbl.gov RI Northen, Trent/K-3139-2012; OI Northen, Trent/0000-0001-8404-3259; Simmons, Blake/0000-0002-1332-1810 FU US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX This work was part of the DOE Joint BioEnergy Institute (http://www.jbei.org) supported by the US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research, through contract DE-AC02-05CH11231 between Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and the US Department of Energy. NR 10 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 2 U2 23 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 1618-2642 EI 1618-2650 J9 ANAL BIOANAL CHEM JI Anal. Bioanal. Chem. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 403 IS 3 BP 707 EP 711 DI 10.1007/s00216-012-5908-8 PG 5 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA 934AD UT WOS:000303409600010 PM 22407334 ER PT J AU Gu, Y Di, XW Sun, W Wang, GF Fang, N AF Gu, Yan Di, Xiaowei Sun, Wei Wang, Gufeng Fang, Ning TI Three-Dimensional Super-Localization and Tracking of Single Gold Nanoparticles in Cells SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID INTERFERENCE-CONTRAST MICROSCOPY; RECEPTOR-MEDIATED ENDOCYTOSIS; SURFACE-PLASMON RESONANCE; DRUG-DELIVERY; IN-VIVO; FLUORESCENT-PROBES; PARTICLE TRACKING; QUANTUM DOTS; LIVE CELLS; DYNAMICS AB We introduce a precise three-dimensional (3D) localization method of spherical gold nanoparticle probes using model-based correlation coefficient mapping. To accomplish this, a stack of sample images at different z-positions are acquired, and a 3D intensity profile of the probe serving as the model is used to map out the positions of nanoparticles in the sample. By using this model-based correlation imaging method, precise localization can be achieved in imaging techniques with complicated point spread functions (PSF) such as differential interference contrast (DIC) microscopy. We demonstrated the localization precision of 4-7 nm laterally and 16 nm axially for 40-nm gold nanospheres at an imaging rate of 10 frames per second. The 3D superlocalization method was applied to tracking gold nanospheres during live endocytosis events. C1 [Wang, Gufeng] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Chem, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Gu, Yan; Sun, Wei; Fang, Ning] US DOE, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Gu, Yan; Sun, Wei; Fang, Ning] Iowa State Univ, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Di, Xiaowei] Inner Mongolia Univ, Coll Chem & Chem Engn, Hohhot 010021, Peoples R China. RP Wang, GF (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Chem, Box 8204, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM gufeng_wang@ncsu.edu; nfang@iastate.edu RI Wang, Gufeng/B-3972-2011; Fang, Ning/A-8456-2011; Gu, Yan/B-5014-2014; Gu, Yan/P-1419-2014 OI Gu, Yan/0000-0001-6677-6432 FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences through the Ames Laboratory; North Carolina State University; U.S. Department of Energy by Iowa State University [DE-AC02-07CH11358] FX This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences through the Ames Laboratory and in part by the North Carolina State University start-up funds to G.W. The Ames Laboratory is operated for the U.S. Department of Energy by Iowa State University under contract no. DE-AC02-07CH11358. NR 56 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 2 U2 52 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0003-2700 J9 ANAL CHEM JI Anal. Chem. PD MAY 1 PY 2012 VL 84 IS 9 BP 4111 EP 4117 DI 10.1021/ac300249d PG 7 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA 933GS UT WOS:000303349200036 PM 22458652 ER PT J AU Chen, L Holman, HYN Hao, Z Bechtel, HA Martin, MC Wu, CB Chu, S AF Chen, Liang Holman, Hoi-Ying N. Hao, Zhao Bechtel, Hans A. Martin, Michael C. Wu, Chengbiao Chu, Steven TI Synchrotron Infrared Measurements of Protein Phosphorylation in Living Single PC12 Cells during Neuronal Differentiation SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID NERVE GROWTH-FACTOR; IR SPECTROMICROSCOPY; RAMAN-SPECTROSCOPY; CANCER-CELLS; FTIR SPECTROMICROSCOPY; PHEOCHROMOCYTOMA CELLS; MICROSPECTROSCOPY; MICROSCOPY; RADIATION; TISSUES AB Protein phosphorylation is a post-translational modification that is essential for the regulation of many important cellular activities, including proliferation and differentiation. Current techniques for detecting protein phosphorylation in single cells often involve the use of fluorescence markers, such as antibodies or genetically expressed proteins. In contrast, infrared spectroscopy is a label-free and noninvasive analytical technique that can monitor the intrinsic vibrational signatures of chemical bonds. Here, we provide direct evidence that protein phosphorylation in individual living mammalian cells can be measured with synchrotron radiation-based Fourier transform-infrared (SR-FT-IR) spectromicroscopy. We show that PC12 cells stimulated with nerve growth factor (NGF) exhibit statistically significant temporal variations in specific spectral features, correlating with changes in protein phosphorylation levels and the subsequent development of neuron-like phenotypes in the cells. The spectral phosphorylation markers were confirmed by bimodal (FT-IR/fluorescence) imaging of fluorescently marked PC12 cells with sustained protein phosphorylation activity. Our results open up new possibilities for the label-free real-time monitoring of protein phosphorylation inside cells. Furthermore, the multimolecule sensitivity of this technique will be useful for unraveling the associated molecular changes during cellular signaling and response processes. C1 [Chen, Liang; Holman, Hoi-Ying N.; Hao, Zhao; Bechtel, Hans A.; Martin, Michael C.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Wu, Chengbiao] Univ Calif San Diego, Sch Med, Dept Neurosci, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Chu, Steven] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Chu, Steven] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mol & Cell Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Chu, Steven] Univ Calif Berkeley, Calif Inst Quantitat Biosci QB3, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Holman, HYN (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Mailstop 70A-3317L,1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM hyholman@lbl.gov RI Chen, Liang/F-3496-2011; Holman, Hoi-Ying/N-8451-2014; Hao, Zhao/G-2391-2015 OI Holman, Hoi-Ying/0000-0002-7534-2625; Hao, Zhao/0000-0003-0677-8529 FU Berkeley Synchrotron Infrared Structural Biology (BSISB); U.S. Department of Energy Office of Biological and Environmental Research [DE-AC02-05CH11231, KP1501021]; Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX We are grateful to Dr. Eleanor Blakely and Ms. Kathleen Bjornstad for generously making tissue culture facilities available, and Dr. William Mobley's group for supplying some of the key reagents. This work was supported by the Berkeley Synchrotron Infrared Structural Biology (BSISB) program and by the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Biological and Environmental Research's Structural Biology Program through Contracts DE-AC02-05CH11231 and KP1501021 with Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. The Advanced Light Source is supported by the Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. NR 55 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 43 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0003-2700 J9 ANAL CHEM JI Anal. Chem. PD MAY 1 PY 2012 VL 84 IS 9 BP 4118 EP 4125 DI 10.1021/ac300308x PG 8 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA 933GS UT WOS:000303349200037 PM 22468902 ER PT J AU Hwang, W Volk, BL Akberali, F Singhal, P Criscione, JC Maitland, DJ AF Hwang, Wonjun Volk, Brent L. Akberali, Farida Singhal, Pooja Criscione, John C. Maitland, Duncan J. TI Estimation of aneurysm wall stresses created by treatment with a shape memory polymer foam device SO BIOMECHANICS AND MODELING IN MECHANOBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Aneurysm; Shape memory polymer foam; Embolic device; Aneurysm rupture; Latex vascular model ID PIPELINE EMBOLIZATION DEVICE; INTRACRANIAL SACCULAR ANEURYSMS; GUGLIELMI DETACHABLE COILS; ASYMMETRIC VASCULAR STENT; SINGLE-CENTER EXPERIENCE; MATCHED-PAIR ANALYSIS; BARE PLATINUM COILS; CEREBRAL ANEURYSMS; FOLLOW-UP; MEDICAL PROGRESS AB In this study, compliant latex thin-walled aneurysm models are fabricated to investigate the effects of expansion of shape memory polymer foam. A simplified cylindrical model is selected for the in-vitro aneurysm, which is a simplification of a real, saccular aneurysm. The studies are performed by crimping shape memory polymer foams, originally 6 and 8 mm in diameter, and monitoring the resulting deformation when deployed into 4-mm-diameter thin-walled latex tubes. The deformations of the latex tubes are used as inputs to physical, analytical, and computational models to estimate the circumferential stresses. Using the results of the stress analysis in the latex aneurysm model, a computational model of the human aneurysm is developed by changing the geometry and material properties. The model is then used to predict the stresses that would develop in a human aneurysm. The experimental, simulation, and analytical results suggest that shape memory polymer foams have potential of being a safe treatment for intracranial saccular aneurysms. In particular, this work suggests oversized shape memory foams may be used to better fill the entire aneurysm cavity while generating stresses below the aneurysm wall breaking stresses. C1 [Hwang, Wonjun; Volk, Brent L.; Akberali, Farida; Singhal, Pooja; Criscione, John C.; Maitland, Duncan J.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Biomed Engn, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Volk, Brent L.; Maitland, Duncan J.] Texas A&M Univ, Mat Sci & Engn Program, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Singhal, Pooja] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Maitland, DJ (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Dept Biomed Engn, MS 3120,5045 Emerging Technol Bldg, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. EM djmaitland@tamu.edu FU National Institutes of Health/National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering [R01EB000462]; National Defense Science and Engineering Graduate (NDSEG) FX This work was supported by the National Institutes of Health/National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering Grant R01EB000462. Funding for the work of B. L. Volk was provided by the National Defense Science and Engineering Graduate (NDSEG) Fellowship. The authors would also like to acknowledge Jaewon Park for measuring latex thicknesses. NR 77 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 17 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 1617-7959 J9 BIOMECH MODEL MECHAN JI Biomech. Model. Mechanobiol. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 11 IS 5 BP 715 EP 729 DI 10.1007/s10237-011-0345-8 PG 15 WC Biophysics; Engineering, Biomedical SC Biophysics; Engineering GA 933QX UT WOS:000303378200011 PM 21901546 ER PT J AU Linn, R Anderson, K Winterkamp, J Brooks, A Wotton, M Dupuy, JL Pimont, F Edminster, C AF Linn, Rodman Anderson, Kerry Winterkamp, Judith Brooks, Alyssa Wotton, Michael Dupuy, Jean-Luc Pimont, Francois Edminster, Carleton TI Incorporating field wind data into FIRETEC simulations of the International Crown Fire Modeling Experiment (ICFME): preliminary lessons learned SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FOREST RESEARCH-REVUE CANADIENNE DE RECHERCHE FORESTIERE LA English DT Article ID BLACK SPRUCE FOREST; ATMOSPHERE; RADIATION; DYNAMICS; BEHAVIOR; POWER AB Field experiments are one way to develop or validate wildland fire-behavior models. It is important to consider the implications of assumptions relating to the locality of measurements with respect to the fire, the temporal frequency of the measured data, and the changes to local winds that might be caused by the experimental configuration. Twenty FIRETEC simulations of International Crown Fire Modeling Experiment (ICFME) plot 1 and plot 6 fires were performed using horizontally homogenized fuels. These simulations enable exploration of the sensitivity of model results to specific aspects of the interpretation and use of the locally measured wind data from this experiment. By shifting ignition times with respect to dynamic measured tower wind data by up to 2 min, FIRETEC simulations are used to examine possible ramifications of treating the measured tower winds as if they were precisely the same as those present at the location of the fire, as well as possible implications of temporal averaging of winds or undersampling. Model results suggest that careful consideration should be paid to the relative time scales of the wind fluctuations, duration of the fires, and data collection rates when using experimentally derived winds as inputs for fire models. C1 [Linn, Rodman; Winterkamp, Judith; Brooks, Alyssa] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Earth & Environm Sci, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Anderson, Kerry] Nat Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Serv, No Forestry Ctr, Edmonton, AB T5N 2C5, Canada. [Wotton, Michael] Univ Toronto, Fac Forestry, Nat Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Serv, Toronto, ON M5S 3B3, Canada. [Dupuy, Jean-Luc; Pimont, Francois] INRA, Unite Rech Forestieres Mediterraneennes, Equipe Prevent Incendies Foret, UR629, F-84914 Avignon, France. [Edminster, Carleton] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. RP Linn, R (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Earth & Environm Sci, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM rrl@lanl.gov FU USDA Forest Service Washington Office; Rocky Mountain Research Station FX The Los Alamos National Laboratory Institutional Computing Program provided critical computing resources for this work. Financial support for this work was provided by the National Fire Plan through the USDA Forest Service Washington Office and Rocky Mountain Research Station. Marty Alexander provided considerable assistance in reviewing the data collected for the ICFME experiments and answering questions concerning its interpretation. Jim Gould also provided insight and additional perspective through detailed discussions concerning some of the ICFME FIRETEC model results. NR 24 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 2 U2 10 PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS PI OTTAWA PA 1200 MONTREAL ROAD, BUILDING M-55, OTTAWA, ON K1A 0R6, CANADA SN 0045-5067 J9 CAN J FOREST RES JI Can. J. For. Res.-Rev. Can. Rech. For. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 42 IS 5 BP 879 EP 898 DI 10.1139/X2012-038 PG 20 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 934HP UT WOS:000303435200007 ER PT J AU Shukla, N Ondeck, A Lee, JC Miller, JB AF Shukla, Nisha Ondeck, Abigail Lee, Johanna C. Miller, James B. TI NiFe2O4@SiO2 Nanoparticles Stabilized by Porous Silica Shells SO CATALYSIS LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Nanotechnology; Nanoparticles; Nanostructure; Electron microscopy; Spectroscopy and general characterisation ID FEPT NANOPARTICLES; PARTIAL OXIDATION; OXYGEN REDUCTION; NICKEL FERRITE; CATALYSTS; NI; METHANE; CO; PERFORMANCE; NI/SIO2 AB NiFe2O4 nanoparticles stabilized by porous silica shells (NiFe2O4@SiO2) were prepared using a one-pot synthesis and characterized for their physical and chemical stability in severe environments, representative of those encountered in industrial catalytic reactors. The SiO2 shell is porous, allowing transport of gases to and from the metal core. The shell also stabilizes NiFe2O4 at the nanoparticle surface: NiFe2O4@SiO2 annealed at temperatures through 973 K displays evidence of surface Ni, as verified by H-2 TPD analyses. At 1,173 K, hematite forms at the surface of the metallic cores of the NiFe2O4@SiO2 nanoparticles and surface Ni is no longer observed. Without the silica shell, however, even mild reduction (at 773 K) can draw Fe to the surface and eliminate surface Ni sites. Bright field TEM images of SiO2@NiFe2O4 nanoparticles packed to form nanospheres (A) or nanorods (B). The silica shell is 10-20 nm thick. C1 [Ondeck, Abigail; Lee, Johanna C.; Miller, James B.] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. [Shukla, Nisha; Miller, James B.] Natl Energy Technol Lab, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. [Shukla, Nisha] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Inst Complex Engn Syst, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. RP Miller, JB (reprint author), Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. EM jbmiller@andrew.cmu.edu FU National Energy Technology Laboratory under the RES [DE-FE0004000] FX This effort was performed in support of the National Energy Technology Laboratory's on-going research in "Next generation, sinter-resistant, catalysts for syngas conversion", under the RES contract DE-FE0004000. JBM thanks Sittichai Natesakhawat (NETL-Pittsburgh) for advice on the TPR/D experiments. NR 33 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 45 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1011-372X J9 CATAL LETT JI Catal. Lett. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 142 IS 5 BP 582 EP 587 DI 10.1007/s10562-012-0795-3 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 934YG UT WOS:000303482100011 ER PT J AU Zamboni, L Kucharski, F Mechoso, CR AF Zamboni, Laura Kucharski, Fred Mechoso, C. Roberto TI Seasonal variations of the links between the interannual variability of South America and the South Pacific SO CLIMATE DYNAMICS LA English DT Article DE PSA modes; South America; Interannual variability; ENSO teleconnections ID LOW-FREQUENCY VARIABILITY; LA-NINA EVENTS; EL-NINO; HEMISPHERE CIRCULATION; INTERNAL VARIABILITY; SURFACE-TEMPERATURE; GLOBAL ATMOSPHERE; TROPICAL PACIFIC; MONSOON RAINFALL; PRINCIPAL MODES AB The present study focuses on the leading interannual mode of continental-scale atmospheric variability over South America, which is characterized by an equivalent barotropic vortex (referred to as VOSA in the text) centered over the eastern subtropical coast of the continent. The principal aim is to determine whether and in what season VOSA is the downstream extension of the leading Pacific South American mode (PSA1). Another objective is to examine the extent to which VOSA and PSA1 are forced by El Nio Southern Oscillation (ENSO). The research is based on examination of reanalysis data and output of experiments with an atmospheric general circulation model. The emphasis is on the southern spring, summer and fall seasons, during which VOSA modulates the interannual precipitation variability over the continent. A similar relationship is not found during the southern winter. It is found that VOSA is an integral part of PSA1 during spring and fall. In these seasons, PSA1/VOSA is originated primarily by large-scale atmospheric internal variability with the forcing by ENSO accounting for 14 and 8% of the total variance, respectively. During the southern summer season, when ENSO peaks, PSA1 is not a dominant mode of atmospheric variability, and VOSA primarily results from continental-scale internal variability. C1 [Zamboni, Laura] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Math & Comp Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Zamboni, Laura; Kucharski, Fred] Abdus Salam Int Ctr Theoret Phys, Earth Syst Phys Sect, I-34014 Trieste, Italy. [Zamboni, Laura; Mechoso, C. Roberto] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP Zamboni, L (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Math & Comp Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave,TCS Bldg 240, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM lzamboni@mcs.anl.gov FU NOAA [NA05OAR4310009]; Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics FX This research was supported by NOAA under grant NA05OAR4310009 and by the Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics. NR 43 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 7 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0930-7575 J9 CLIM DYNAM JI Clim. Dyn. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 38 IS 9-10 BP 2115 EP 2129 DI 10.1007/s00382-011-1116-z PG 15 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 934ML UT WOS:000303448300027 ER PT J AU Rother, G Keiser, JR Brady, MP Unocic, KA Anovitz, LM Littrell, KC Peascoe-Meisner, RA Santella, ML Wesolowski, DJ Cole, DR AF Rother, G. Keiser, J. R. Brady, M. P. Unocic, K. A. Anovitz, L. M. Littrell, K. C. Peascoe-Meisner, R. A. Santella, M. L. Wesolowski, D. J. Cole, D. R. TI Small-angle neutron scattering study of the wet and dry high-temperature oxidation of alumina- and chromia-forming stainless steels SO CORROSION SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Stainless steel; Oxidation; Hydrogen permeation; High temperature corrosion ID WATER-VAPOR; FERRITIC STEELS; BREAKAWAY OXIDATION; STEAM OXIDATION; ALLOYS; HYDROGEN; BEHAVIOR; SCALES; RESISTANCE; GROWTH AB Foils of T347 and an alumina-forming austenitic (AFA) stainless steel were oxidized at 800 degrees C in dry air, air with 10% H2O, and air with 10% D2O. Significant changes in the small angle neutron scattering (SANS) signal were observed for the T347 stainless steel as a function of oxidation time in dry air whereas the AFA alloy showed no significant scattering changes resulting from oxidation. For both alloys, similar scattering was observed in dry and wet air (H2O and D2O) exposure, indicating that watervapour did not result in significant H/D retention or induce significant morphological changes in the oxide scales. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Rother, G.; Anovitz, L. M.; Wesolowski, D. J.; Cole, D. R.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Keiser, J. R.; Brady, M. P.; Unocic, K. A.; Peascoe-Meisner, R. A.; Santella, M. L.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Littrell, K. C.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Chem & Engn Mat Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Rother, G (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM rotherg@ornl.gov; bradymp@ornl.gov RI Rother, Gernot/B-7281-2008; Littrell, Kenneth/D-2106-2013; Brady, Michael/A-8122-2008; Anovitz, Lawrence/P-3144-2016 OI Rother, Gernot/0000-0003-4921-6294; Littrell, Kenneth/0000-0003-2308-8618; Brady, Michael/0000-0003-1338-4747; Anovitz, Lawrence/0000-0002-2609-8750 FU UT-Battelle, LLC [DE-AC05-00OR22725]; US Department of Energy; Oak Ridge National Laboratory; Oak Ridge National Laboratory's SHaRE User Facility; Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy FX This manuscript has been authored by UT-Battelle, LLC, under Contract No. DE-AC05-00OR22725 with the US Department of Energy. The United States Government retains and the publisher, by accepting the article for publication, acknowledges that the United States Government retains a non-exclusive, paid-up, irrevocable, world-wide license to publish or reproduce the published form of this manuscript, or allow others to do so, for United States Government purposes.; The authors thank Andrew Payzant and Volker Urban at ORNL for helpful comments on this manuscript. Research sponsored by the Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program of Oak Ridge National Laboratory, managed by UT-Battelle. LLC, for the U.S. Department of Energy. Research supported by Oak Ridge National Laboratory's SHaRE User Facility, which is sponsored by the Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy. NR 40 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 3 U2 24 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0010-938X J9 CORROS SCI JI Corrosion Sci. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 58 BP 121 EP 132 DI 10.1016/j.corsci.2012.01.024 PG 12 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 928JX UT WOS:000302980100014 ER PT J AU Banerjee, D Zhang, ZJ Plonka, AM Li, J Parise, JB AF Banerjee, Debasis Zhang, Zhijuan Plonka, Anna M. Li, Jing Parise, John B. TI A Calcium Coordination Framework Having Permanent Porosity and High CO2/N-2 Selectivity SO CRYSTAL GROWTH & DESIGN LA English DT Article ID METAL-ORGANIC FRAMEWORKS; CARBON-DIOXIDE UPTAKE; MOLECULAR SIMULATION; GAS SORPTION; HIGH-CAPACITY; CO2 CAPTURE; FLUE-GASES; ADSORPTION; SEPARATION; HYDROGEN AB A thermally stable, microporous calcium coordination network shows a reversible 5.75 wt % CO2 uptake at 273 K and 1 atm pressure, with an enthalpy of interaction of similar to 31 kJ/mol and a CO2/N-2 selectivity over 45 under ideal flue gas conditions. The absence of open metal sites in the activated material suggests a different mechanism for selectivity and high interaction energy compared to those for frameworks with open metal sites. C1 [Banerjee, Debasis; Parise, John B.] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Chem, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. [Zhang, Zhijuan; Li, Jing] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Chem & Chem Biol, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. [Plonka, Anna M.; Parise, John B.] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Geosci, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. [Parise, John B.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Photon Source Div, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Banerjee, D (reprint author), SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Chem, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. EM debasis.banerjee@stonybrook.edu; jingli@rutgers.edu; john.parise@stonybrook.edu RI Banerjee, Debasis/B-2439-2008 FU Department of Energy (DOE) [DE-FG02-09ER46650, DE-FG02-08ER46491]; NSF [CHE-0840483]; [NSF-DMR-0800415] FX Initial synthesis work at Stony Brook was supported by Grant NSF-DMR-0800415. Subsequent structural characterization is supported by Department of Energy (DOE) Grant DE-FG02-09ER46650. The Rutgers team would like to thank the DOE for partial support through Grant No. DE-FG02-08ER46491. Stony Brook University's single crystal diffractometer, used in this work, was obtained through NSF Grant CHE-0840483. D.B. acknowledges the help of Stony Brook colleagues Mr. Nicholas W. Mann (synthesis work) and Mr. Chris Koenigsmann and Prof. Stanislaus S. Wong (TGA data). NR 61 TC 45 Z9 45 U1 7 U2 42 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1528-7483 J9 CRYST GROWTH DES JI Cryst. Growth Des. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 12 IS 5 BP 2162 EP 2165 DI 10.1021/cg300274n PG 4 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Crystallography; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Crystallography; Materials Science GA 933MN UT WOS:000303366000004 ER PT J AU Plonka, AM Banerjee, D Parise, JB AF Plonka, Anna M. Banerjee, Debasis Parise, John B. TI Effect of Ligand Structural Isomerism in Formation of Calcium Coordination Networks SO CRYSTAL GROWTH & DESIGN LA English DT Article ID METAL-ORGANIC FRAMEWORK; SELECTIVE GAS-ADSORPTION; POLYMERS; COMPLEXES; 1D; PH; TRANSFORMATION; TEMPERATURE; TOPOLOGIES; CONVERSION AB Using different structural isomers (2,5-; 2,4-; 2;6-; 3,4-; 3,5-) of pyridinedicarboxylic acid, nine calcium-based coordination networks were synthesized under hydro-/ solvothermal conditions and/or were produced via solvent recrystallization of previously synthesized compounds. The coordination networks reported were characterized using single crystal X-ray diffraction and thermal methods. They show diverse structural topologies, depending on the ligand geometry and coordinated solvent molecules, with inorganic connectivity motifs ranging from isolated octahedra to infinite chains, layer and a three-dimensional dense framework. The as-synthesized and desolvated networks further show structural transformation to hydrated phases through dissolution/reformation pathways. The process is likely driven by the high hydration energy of the calcium metal center. C1 [Banerjee, Debasis] SUNY Stony Brook, ESS, Dept Chem, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. [Plonka, Anna M.; Parise, John B.] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Geosci, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. [Parise, John B.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Photon Source Div, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Banerjee, D (reprint author), SUNY Stony Brook, ESS, Dept Chem, Room 343, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. EM debasis.banerjee@stonybrook.edu RI Banerjee, Debasis/B-2439-2008 FU NSF [DMR-0800415, CHE-0840483]; NASA [MFRP07-0022] FX The NSF through Grant DMR-0800415 (synthesis) and NASA Grant MFRP07-0022 (powder XRD) partially supported this work. The crystal structures were determined using the Stony Brook University Single-Crystal Diffractometer, obtained through the support of NSF (CHE-0840483). Authors acknowledge the help of Christopher Koenigsmann and Prof. Stanislaus S. Wong (Dept. of Chemistry, Stony Brook) for help in collecting TGA data. We also thank Nicholas W. Mann for help in synthesis work. NR 49 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 4 U2 24 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1528-7483 J9 CRYST GROWTH DES JI Cryst. Growth Des. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 12 IS 5 BP 2460 EP 2467 DI 10.1021/cg300093h PG 8 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Crystallography; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Crystallography; Materials Science GA 933MN UT WOS:000303366000042 ER PT J AU Clavero, C Beringer, DB Roach, WM Skuza, JR Wong, KC Batchelor, AD Reece, CE Lukaszew, RA AF Clavero, C. Beringer, D. B. Roach, W. M. Skuza, J. R. Wong, K. C. Batchelor, A. D. Reece, C. E. Lukaszew, R. A. TI Strain Effects on the Crystal Growth and Superconducting Properties of Epitaxial Niobium Ultrathin Films SO CRYSTAL GROWTH & DESIGN LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR-BEAM EPITAXY; CRITICAL FIELDS; THIN-FILMS; MISFIT DISLOCATIONS; SAPPHIRE; MORPHOLOGY; JOSEPHSON AB Superconducting ultrathin films grown epitaxially onto crystalline substrates exhibit strained epitaxial growth due to lattice mismatch, which can have a significant effect on their superconducting properties. We present a complete correlation of the surface morphology, crystal growth, strain, microstructure, and superconducting properties in single-crystal Nb(110) thin films sputter deposited on a-plane sapphire substrates. Notably, we observe that the lattice mismatch between Nb and sapphire induces the formation of a hexagonal surface structure during the first three atomic layers. This is followed by a strained bcc Nb(110) phase whose in-plane lattice parameter progressively relaxes to bulk value. Similar lattice relaxation was also observed in the direction perpendicular to the interface using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Significant perpendicular strain in films up to 30 nm thick was found to ultimately affect the superconducting properties of the Nb thin films as demonstrated with AC susceptibility measurements, where dissipative effects in the lattice associated with the presence of strain and associated defects were identified. C1 [Clavero, C.; Roach, W. M.; Lukaszew, R. A.] Coll William & Mary, Dept Appl Sci, Williamsburg, VA 23187 USA. [Beringer, D. B.; Skuza, J. R.; Lukaszew, R. A.] Coll William & Mary, Dept Phys, Williamsburg, VA 23187 USA. [Wong, K. C.; Batchelor, A. D.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Wong, K. C.; Batchelor, A. D.] N Carolina State Univ, Analyt Instrumentat Facil, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Reece, C. E.] Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. RP Clavero, C (reprint author), Coll William & Mary, Dept Appl Sci, Williamsburg, VA 23187 USA. EM cclavero@wm.edu RI Roach, William/F-4572-2012; Skuza, Jonathan/E-9048-2010; Clavero, Cesar/C-4391-2008 OI Skuza, Jonathan/0000-0002-9252-2708; Clavero, Cesar/0000-0001-6665-3141 FU Defense Threat Reduction Agency [HDTRA1-10-1-0072]; Department of Energy [DE-AC05-06OR23177] FX We acknowledge Stuart Wolf and Jiwei Lu for assistance in the XRD measurements, Diefeng Gu for assistance in the TEM sample preparation, and Anne Marie Valente-Feliciano for her valuable suggestions regarding the TEM measurements. This work was funded by the Defense Threat Reduction Agency (HDTRA1-10-1-0072) and the Department of Energy (DE-AC05-06OR23177). NR 32 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 4 U2 31 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1528-7483 J9 CRYST GROWTH DES JI Cryst. Growth Des. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 12 IS 5 BP 2588 EP 2593 DI 10.1021/cg3001834 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Crystallography; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Crystallography; Materials Science GA 933MN UT WOS:000303366000058 ER PT J AU Schroll, CA Chatterjee, S Heineman, WR Bryan, SA AF Schroll, Cynthia A. Chatterjee, Sayandev Heineman, William R. Bryan, Samuel A. TI Thin-Layer Spectroelectrochemistry on an Aqueous Microdrop SO ELECTROANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE Spectroelectrochemistry; Thin-layer diffusion; Microdrop ID LONG-OPTICAL-PATH; ELECTROCHEMICAL-CELL; ELECTRON-TRANSFER; SOLVENT-EXTRACTION; FLOW CELL; COMPLEXES; GOLD; PHOTOCHEMISTRY; LUMINESCENCE; INTERFACE AB Here we report a technique to perform thin layer spectroelectrochemistry using an aqueous microdrop. The chemical systems used to demonstrate the aqueous microdrop technique were an absorption based ionic probe [Fe(CN)6]3-/4- and an emission based ionic probe [Ru(bpy)3]3+/2+. The ability of the technique to perform semi-infinite linear diffusion spectroelectrochemistry on an aqueous microdrop has been previously demonstrated; in this work we were able to demonstrate spectroelectrochemical behavior consistent with the restricted diffusion in a thin layer cell by reducing the analyte volume and the optical path length. The thin-layer diffusion behavior was illustrated by substantial reduction in peak-to-peak separations of the cyclic voltammograms and the significant decrease in electrolysis time compared to the semi-infinite linear diffusion behavior. C1 [Schroll, Cynthia A.; Heineman, William R.] Univ Cincinnati, Dept Chem, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. [Chatterjee, Sayandev; Bryan, Samuel A.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Energy & Environm Directorate, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Heineman, WR (reprint author), Univ Cincinnati, Dept Chem, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. EM heinemwr@ucmail.uc.edu; sam.bryan@pnnl.gov RI Bryan, Samuel/D-5457-2015; OI Bryan, Samuel/0000-0001-5664-3249; Chatterjee, Sayandev/0000-0003-2218-5635 FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC05-76RL01830]; U.S. Department of Energy's Fuel Cycle Research and Development (FCR&D), Separation Campaign (NE) FX This research was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy's Fuel Cycle Research and Development (FCR&D), Separation Campaign (NE) and performed at the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory operated by Battelle for the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract DE-AC05-76RL01830. We thank Dr. Necati Kaval for designing the InSpectrum 150 spectrometer-CCD and Amos Doepke for preparing the hydrophobic glass slides. NR 39 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 19 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 1040-0397 J9 ELECTROANAL JI Electroanalysis PD MAY PY 2012 VL 24 IS 5 BP 1065 EP 1070 DI 10.1002/elan.201100711 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Electrochemistry SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry GA 934JD UT WOS:000303439500011 ER PT J AU Li, HP Yeager, CM Brinkmeyer, R Zhang, SJ Ho, YF Xu, C Jones, WL Schwehr, KA Otosaka, S Roberts, KA Kaplan, DI Santschi, PH AF Li, Hsiu-Ping Yeager, Chris M. Brinkmeyer, Robin Zhang, Saijin Ho, Yi-Fang Xu, Chen Jones, Whitney L. Schwehr, Kathleen A. Otosaka, Shigeyoshi Roberts, Kimberly A. Kaplan, Daniel I. Santschi, Peter H. TI Bacterial Production of Organic Acids Enhances H2O2-Dependent Iodide Oxidation SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SAVANNA RIVER SITE; HYDROGEN-PEROXIDE CONCENTRATION; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; RADIOIODINE I-129; PERACETIC-ACID; FOREST SOIL; MATTER; SEDIMENTS; DECOMPOSITION; CHLORINATION AB To develop an understanding of the role that microorganisms play in the transport of I-129 in soil-water systems, bacteria isolated from subsurface sediments were assessed for iodide oxidizing activity. Spent liquid medium from 27/84 bacterial cultures enhanced iodide oxidation 2-10 fold in the presence of H2O2. Organic acids secreted by the bacteria were found to enhance iodide oxidation by (1) lowering the pH of the spent medium, and (2) reacting with H2O2 to form peroxy carboxylic acids, which are extremely strong oxidizing agents. H2O2-dependent iodide oxidation increased exponentially from 8.4 to 825.9 mu M with decreasing pH from 9 to 4. Organic acids with >= 2 carboxy groups enhanced H2O2-dependent iodide oxidation (1.5-15-fold) as a function of increasing pH above pH 6.0, but had no effect at pH <= 5.0. The results indicate that as pH decreases (<= 5.0), increasing H2O2 hydrolysis is the driving force behind iodide oxidation. However, at pH >= 6.0, spontaneous decomposition of peroxy carboxylic acids, generated from H2O2 and organic acids, contributes significantly to iodide oxidation. The results reveal an indirect microbial mechanism, organic acid secretion coupled to H2O2 production, that could enhance iodide oxidation and organo-iodine formation in soils and sediments. C1 [Li, Hsiu-Ping; Brinkmeyer, Robin; Zhang, Saijin; Ho, Yi-Fang; Xu, Chen; Schwehr, Kathleen A.; Santschi, Peter H.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Marine Sci, Galveston, TX 77551 USA. [Yeager, Chris M.; Jones, Whitney L.; Roberts, Kimberly A.; Kaplan, Daniel I.] Savannah River Natl Lab, Aiken, SC 29808 USA. [Otosaka, Shigeyoshi] Japan Atom Energy Agcy, Res Grp Environm Sci, Tokai, Ibaraki 3191195, Japan. RP Li, HP (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Dept Marine Sci, Galveston, TX 77551 USA. EM original@tamu.edu RI Santschi, Peter/D-5712-2012; zhang, saijin/A-4986-2013; Ho, Yi-Fang/H-4198-2013; OI Otosaka, Shigeyoshi/0000-0003-2087-9676 FU U.S. Department of Energy within the Office of Science [DE-SC0006823] FX This work was funded by the U.S. Department of Energy's Subsurface Biogeochemical Research Program within the Office of Science (DE-SC0006823). NR 48 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 2 U2 26 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD MAY 1 PY 2012 VL 46 IS 9 BP 4837 EP 4844 DI 10.1021/es203683v PG 8 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 933GO UT WOS:000303348800025 PM 22455542 ER PT J AU Moberly, JG Miller, CL Brown, SD Biswas, A Brandt, CC Palumbo, AV Elias, DA AF Moberly, James G. Miller, Carrie L. Brown, Steven D. Biswas, Abir Brandt, Craig C. Palumbo, Anthony V. Elias, Dwayne A. TI Role of Morphological Growth State and Gene Expression in Desulfovibrio africanus Strain Walvis Bay Mercury Methylation SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SULFATE-REDUCING BACTERIUM; SHEWANELLA-ONEIDENSIS; DESULFURICANS ND132; ENVIRONMENTAL DISTRIBUTION; METHYLMERCURY PRODUCTION; AQUATIC ECOSYSTEMS; ZYMOMONAS-MOBILIS; SEDIMENT; RATES; MONOMETHYLMERCURY AB The biogeochemical transformations of mercury are a complex process, with the production of methylmercury, a potent human neurotoxin, repeatedly demonstrated in sulfate- and Fe(III)-reducing as well as methanogenic bacteria. However, little is known regarding the morphology, genes, or proteins involved in methylmercury generation. Desulfovibrio africanus strain Walvis Bay is a Hg-methylating delta-proteobacterium with a sequenced genome and has unusual pleomorphic forms. In this study, a relationship between the pleomorphism and Hg methylation was investigated. Proportional increases in the sigmoidal (regular) cell form corresponded with increased net MeHg production but decreased when the pinched cocci (persister) form became the major morphotype. D. africanus microarrays indicated that the ferrous iron transport genes (feoAB), as well as ribosomal genes and several genes whose products are predicted to have metal binding domains (CxxC), were up-regulated during exposure to Hg in the exponential phase. Whereas no specific methylation pathways were identified, the finding that Hg may interfere with iron transport and the correlation of growth-phase-dependent morphology with MeHg production are notable. The identification of these relationships between differential gene expression, morphology, and the growth-phase dependence of Hg transformations suggests that actively growing cells are primarily responsible for methylation, and so areas with ample carbon and electron-acceptor concentrations may also generate a higher proportion of methylmercury than more oligotrophic environments. The observation of increased iron transporter expression also suggests that Hg methylation may interfere with iron biogeochemical cycles. C1 [Moberly, James G.; Brown, Steven D.; Brandt, Craig C.; Palumbo, Anthony V.; Elias, Dwayne A.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Miller, Carrie L.; Biswas, Abir] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Environm Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Biswas, Abir] Evergreen State Coll, Olympia, WA 98505 USA. RP Elias, DA (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM eliasda@ornl.gov RI Palumbo, Anthony/A-4764-2011; Elias, Dwayne/B-5190-2011; Miller, Carrie/B-8943-2012; Brown, Steven/A-6792-2011; OI Palumbo, Anthony/0000-0002-1102-3975; Elias, Dwayne/0000-0002-4469-6391; Brown, Steven/0000-0002-9281-3898; Moberly, James/0000-0003-0950-0952 FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Biological and Environmental Research; U.S. Department of Energy [DEAC05-00OR22725] FX The authors would like to thank Yun Qian for help with mercury analysis, Tingfen Yan, Haakrho James Yi, and Stan Martin for their help with the microarrays, and Lezlee Dice and Meghan Drake for assistance with analyses. We thank Bruce Roe for assistance with an earlier draft version of the genome sequence. This work was conducted by the ORNL Hg Subsurface Science Focus Area and was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Biological and Environmental Research, Subsurface Biogeochemical Research Program. ORNL is managed by UT-Battelle LLC for the U.S. Department of Energy under contract DEAC05-00OR22725. NR 57 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 3 U2 23 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD MAY 1 PY 2012 VL 46 IS 9 BP 4926 EP 4932 DI 10.1021/es3000933 PG 7 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 933GO UT WOS:000303348800036 PM 22500779 ER PT J AU Inomata, Y Kajino, M Sato, K Ohara, T Kurokawa, JI Ueda, H Tang, N Hayakawa, K Ohizumi, T Akimoto, H AF Inomata, Yayoi Kajino, Mizuo Sato, Keiichi Ohara, Toshimasa Kurokawa, Jun-Ichi Ueda, Hiromasa Tang, Ning Hayakawa, Kazuichi Ohizumi, Tsuyoshi Akimoto, Hajime TI Emission and Atmospheric Transport of Particulate PAHs in Northeast Asia SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; RESIDENTIAL COAL COMBUSTION; EAST-ASIA; CHINA; INVENTORY; OUTFLOW; STRAW; JAPAN; PRECIPITATION; PYROLYSIS AB The emission, concentration levels, and transboundary transport of particulate polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Northeast Asia were investigated using particulate PAH measurements, the newly developed emission inventory (Regional Emission inventory in ASia for Persistent Organic Pollutants version, REAS-POP), and the chemical transport model (Regional Air Quality Model ver2 for POPs version, RAQM2-POP). The simulated concentrations of the nine particulate PAHs agreed well with the measured concentrations, and the results firmly established the efficacy of REAS/RAQM2-POP. It was found that the PAH Concentrations in Beijing (China, source region), which were emitted predominantly from domestic coal, domestic biofuel, and other transformations of coal (including coke production), were approximately 2 orders of magnitude greater than those monitored at Noto (Japan, leeward region). In Noto, the PAR concentrations showed seasonal variations; the PAH concentrations were high from winter to spring due to contributions from domestic coal, domestic biofuel, and other transformations of coal, and low in summer. In summer, these contribution were decrease, instead, other sources, such as the on-road mobile source, were relatively increased compared with those in winter. These seasonal variations were due to seasonal variations in emissions from China, as well as transboundary transport across the Asian continent associated with meteorological conditions. C1 [Inomata, Yayoi; Sato, Keiichi; Kurokawa, Jun-Ichi; Ohizumi, Tsuyoshi; Akimoto, Hajime] Asia Ctr Air Pollut Res, Nishi Ku, Niigatashi, Niigata 9502144, Japan. [Kajino, Mizuo] Meteorol Res Inst, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050052, Japan. [Kajino, Mizuo] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Ohara, Toshimasa; Kurokawa, Jun-Ichi] Natl Inst Environm Studies, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058506, Japan. [Ueda, Hiromasa] Toyohashi Univ Technol, Toyohashi, Aichi 4418580, Japan. [Tang, Ning; Hayakawa, Kazuichi] Kanazawa Univ, Grad Sch Nat Sci & Technol, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 9201154, Japan. [Tang, Ning] Hyogo Coll Med, Nishinomiya, Hyogo 6638501, Japan. RP Inomata, Y (reprint author), Asia Ctr Air Pollut Res, Nishi Ku, 1182 Sowa, Niigatashi, Niigata 9502144, Japan. EM inomata@acap.asia RI Tang, Ning/B-9319-2015 OI Tang, Ning/0000-0002-3106-6534 FU Ministry of the Environment, Japan [B-0905, A-1101] FX This research was financially supported by the Environment Research and Technology Development Fund (Project No. B-0905 and A-1101) of the Ministry of the Environment, Japan. We thank Dr. Kiriko Kashiwakura, Japan Automobile Research Institute, and Dr. Shinichiro Okayama, Nissan Motor Co. Ltd., for providing the emission factor data derived from automobiles in Japan. NR 55 TC 25 Z9 29 U1 15 U2 72 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X EI 1520-5851 J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD MAY 1 PY 2012 VL 46 IS 9 BP 4941 EP 4949 DI 10.1021/es300391w PG 9 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 933GO UT WOS:000303348800038 PM 22435795 ER PT J AU Song, B Antoun, BR Boston, M AF Song, B. Antoun, B. R. Boston, M. TI Development of high-temperature Kolsky compression bar techniques for recrystallization investigation SO EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL-SPECIAL TOPICS LA English DT Article AB We modified the design originally developed by Kuokkala's group to develop an automated high-temperature Kolsky compression bar for characterizing high-rate properties of 304L stainless steel at elevated temperatures. Additional features have been implemented to this high-temperature Kolsky compression bar for recrystallization investigation. The new features ensure a single loading on the specimen and precise time and temperature control for quenching to the specimen after dynamic loading. Dynamic compressive stress-strain curves of 304L stainless steel were obtained at 21, 204, 427, 649, and 871 A degrees C (or 70, 400, 800, 1200, and 1600 A degrees F) at the same constant strain rate of 332 s(-1). The specimen subjected to specific time and temperature control for quenching after a single dynamic loading was preserved for investigating microstructure recrystallization. C1 [Song, B.; Antoun, B. R.] Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Boston, M.] Brigham Young Univ, Provo, UT 84602 USA. RP Song, B (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM bsong@sandia.gov RI Song, Bo/D-3945-2011 FU U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000] FX Sandia National Laboratories is a multi-program laboratory managed and operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corporation, for the U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. NR 8 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 4 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 1951-6355 EI 1951-6401 J9 EUR PHYS J-SPEC TOP JI Eur. Phys. J.-Spec. Top. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 206 IS 1 BP 25 EP 33 DI 10.1140/epjst/e2012-01583-5 PG 9 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 934WP UT WOS:000303477800004 ER PT J AU Hutter, C Sefiane, K Karayiannis, TG Walton, AJ Nelson, RA Kenning, DBR AF Hutter, C. Sefiane, K. Karayiannis, T. G. Walton, A. J. Nelson, R. A. Kenning, D. B. R. TI Nucleation site interaction between artificial cavities during nucleate pool boiling on silicon with integrated micro-heater and temperature micro-sensors SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER LA English DT Article DE Nucleate pool boiling; Bubble interaction; Horizontal coalescence; Artificial cavity ID BUBBLE; DETACHMENT; GROWTH; LIQUID AB Nucleate boiling is commonly characterised as a very complex and elusive process. Many involved mechanisms are still not fully understood and more detailed consideration is needed. In this study, bubble growth from micro-fabricated artificial cavities with varied spacing on a horizontal 380 pm thick silicon wafer was investigated. The horizontally oriented boiling surface was heated by a thin resistance heater integrated on the rear of the silicon test section. The temperature was measured using 16 integrated micro-sensors situated on the boiling surface, each with an artificial cavity located in its geometrical centre. Experiments with three different spacings 1.5, 1.2 and 0.84 mm in between cavities with a nominal mouth diameter of 10 mu m and a depth of 80 mu m were undertaken. To conduct pool boiling experiments, the test section was mounted inside a closed stainless steel boiling chamber with optical access and completely immersed in degassed fluorinert FC-72. Bubble nucleation, growth and detachment at 0.5 and 1 bar absolute pressure were investigated using high-speed imaging. The effect of decreasing inter-site distance on bubble nucleation frequency, bubble departure frequency and diameter with increasing wall superheat is presented. Furthermore, the frequency of horizontal bubble coalescence was determined. The regions of influence on the measured frequencies and bubble departure diameter were compared with recently published findings. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Hutter, C.; Sefiane, K.; Walton, A. J.] Univ Edinburgh, Sch Engn, Edinburgh EH9 3JL, Midlothian, Scotland. [Karayiannis, T. G.; Kenning, D. B. R.] Brunel Univ, Sch Engn & Design, Uxbridge UB8 3PH, Middx, England. [Nelson, R. A.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Sefiane, K (reprint author), Univ Edinburgh, Sch Engn, Kings Bldg,Mayfield Rd, Edinburgh EH9 3JL, Midlothian, Scotland. EM K.Sefiane@ed.ac.uk RI Walton, Anthony/B-9108-2009; Walton, Anthony/A-1550-2010 FU UK Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) [EP/C532813/1] FX This work was funded by the UK Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) by grant EP/C532813/1. The authors are grateful to Dr. H. Lin and Dr. G. Cummins for the silicon device fabrication. NR 18 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 32 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0017-9310 J9 INT J HEAT MASS TRAN JI Int. J. Heat Mass Transf. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 55 IS 11-12 BP 2769 EP 2778 DI 10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2012.02.014 PG 10 WC Thermodynamics; Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics SC Thermodynamics; Engineering; Mechanics GA 935VR UT WOS:000303550800003 ER PT J AU Zou, L Jones, BG AF Zou, Ling Jones, Barclay G. TI Thermal interaction effect on nucleation site distribution in subcooled boiling SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER LA English DT Article DE Nucleation site distribution; Subcooled boiling; Thermal interaction ID CHAOS AB An experimental work on subcooled boiling of refrigerant, R134a, to examine nucleation site distributions on both copper and stainless steel heating surfaces was performed. In order to obtain high fidelity active nucleation site density and distribution data, a high-speed digital camera was utilized to record bubble emission images from a view normal to heating surfaces. Statistical analyses on nucleation site data were done and their statistical distributions were obtained. Those experimentally observed nucleation site distributions were compared to the random spatial Poisson distribution. The comparisons showed that, rather than purely random, active nucleation site distributions on boiling surfaces are relatively more uniform. Experimental results also showed that on the copper heating surface, nucleation site distributions are slightly more uniform than on the stainless steel surface. This was concluded as the results of thermal interactions between nucleation sites with different solid thermal conductivities. A two dimensional thermal interaction model was then developed to quantitatively examine the thermal interactions between nucleation sites. The results give a reasonable explanation to the experimental observation on nucleation site distributions. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Zou, Ling] Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. [Jones, Barclay G.] Univ Illinois, Dept Nucl Plasma & Radiol Engn, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP Zou, L (reprint author), Idaho Natl Lab, POB 1625, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. EM Ling.Zou@inl.gov NR 20 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 12 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0017-9310 J9 INT J HEAT MASS TRAN JI Int. J. Heat Mass Transf. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 55 IS 11-12 BP 2822 EP 2828 DI 10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2012.02.044 PG 7 WC Thermodynamics; Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics SC Thermodynamics; Engineering; Mechanics GA 935VR UT WOS:000303550800009 ER PT J AU Edwards, JV Castro, NJ Condon, B Costable, C Goheen, SC AF Edwards, J. Vincent Castro, Nathan J. Condon, Brian Costable, Carmen Goheen, Steven C. TI Chromatographic and Traditional Albumin Isotherms on Cellulose: A Model for Wound Protein Adsorption on Modified Cotton SO JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE albumin; cotton; isotherm; wound dressings; chronic wounds ID PERFORMANCE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; HUMAN NEUTROPHIL ELASTASE; HUMAN-PLASMA ALBUMIN; ION-EXCHANGE; ELECTROKINETIC PROPERTIES; MEMBRANE CHROMATOGRAPHY; COMPETITIVE ADSORPTION; DRESSINGS; INTERFACES; SEPARATION AB Albumin is the most abundant protein found in healing wounds. Traditional and chromatographic protein isotherms of albumin binding on modified cotton fibers are useful in understanding albumin binding to cellulose wound dressings. An important consideration in the design of cellulosic wound dressings is adsorption and accumulation of proteins like albumin at the solid-liquid interface of the biological fluid and wound dressing fiber. To better understand the effect of fiber charge and molecular modifications in cellulose-containing fibers on the binding of serum albumin as observed in protease sequestrant dressings, albumin binding to modified cotton fibers was compared with traditional and chromatographic isotherms. Modified cotton including carboxymethylated, citrate-crosslinked, dialdehyde and phosphorylated cotton, which sequester elastase and collagenase, were compared for their albumin binding isotherms. Albumin isotherms on citrate-cellulose, cross-linked cotton demonstrated a two-fold increased binding affinity over untreated cotton. A comparison of albumin binding between traditional, solution isotherms and chromatographic isotherms on modified cellulose yielded similar equilibrium constants. Application of the binding affinity of albumin obtained in the in vitro protein isotherm to the in vivo wound dressing uptake of the protein is discussed. The chromatographic approach to assessment of albumin isotherms on modified cellulose offers a more rapid approach to evaluating protein binding on modified cellulose over traditional solution approaches. C1 [Edwards, J. Vincent; Condon, Brian; Costable, Carmen] USDA ARS, New Orleans, LA USA. [Castro, Nathan J.; Goheen, Steven C.] Battelle Mem Inst, Pacific NW Div, Richland, WA USA. RP Edwards, JV (reprint author), USDA ARS, New Orleans, LA USA. EM vince.edwards@ars.usda.gov NR 59 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 12 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD PI LONDON PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND SN 0885-3282 J9 J BIOMATER APPL JI J. Biomater. Appl. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 26 IS 8 BP 939 EP 961 DI 10.1177/0885328210390542 PG 23 WC Engineering, Biomedical; Materials Science, Biomaterials SC Engineering; Materials Science GA 937HN UT WOS:000303649700003 PM 21363875 ER PT J AU Hoover, EE Field, JJ Winters, DG Young, MD Chandler, EV Speirs, JC Lapenna, JT Kim, SM Ding, SY Bartels, RA Wang, JW Squier, JA AF Hoover, Erich E. Field, Jeffrey J. Winters, David G. Young, Michael D. Chandler, Eric V. Speirs, John C. Lapenna, Jacob T. Kim, Susy M. Ding, Shi-you Bartels, Randy A. Wang, Jing W. Squier, Jeff A. TI Eliminating the scattering ambiguity in multifocal, multimodal, multiphoton imaging systems SO JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS LA English DT Article DE multiphoton; multifocal; multimodal; photon counting ID STRUCTURED-ILLUMINATION MICROSCOPY; PATTERNED EXCITATION MICROSCOPY; PHOTON-COUNTING MICROSCOPY; FLUORESCENCE MICROSCOPY; 2-PHOTON MICROSCOPY; RESOLUTION LIMIT AB In this work we present how to entirely remove the scattering ambiguity present in existing multiphoton multifocal systems. This is achieved through the development and implementation of single-element detection systems that incorporate high-speed photon-counting electronics. These systems can be used to image entire volumes in the time it takes to perform a single transverse scan (four depths simultaneously at a rate of 30 Hz). In addition, this capability is further exploited to accomplish single-element detection of multiple modalities (two photon excited fluorescence and second harmonic generation) and to perform efficient image deconvolution. Finally, we demonstrate a new system that promises to significantly simplify this promising technology. (C) 2012 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim) C1 [Hoover, Erich E.; Field, Jeffrey J.; Young, Michael D.; Chandler, Eric V.; Speirs, John C.; Lapenna, Jacob T.; Squier, Jeff A.] Colorado Sch Mines, Ctr Microintegrated Opt Adv Bioimaging & Control, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Hoover, Erich E.; Field, Jeffrey J.; Young, Michael D.; Chandler, Eric V.; Speirs, John C.; Lapenna, Jacob T.; Squier, Jeff A.] Colorado Sch Mines, Dept Phys, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Winters, David G.; Bartels, Randy A.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Kim, Susy M.; Wang, Jing W.] Univ Calif San Diego, Div Biol Sci, Neurobiol Sect, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Ding, Shi-you] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Hoover, EE (reprint author), Colorado Sch Mines, Ctr Microintegrated Opt Adv Bioimaging & Control, 1523 Illinois St, Golden, CO 80401 USA. EM ehoover@mines.edu; jsquier@mines.edu RI Wang, Jing/C-3885-2008 OI Wang, Jing/0000-0001-6291-5802 FU National Renewable Energy Laboratory CRADA program; National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering under the Bioengineering Research Partnership [EB-003832]; National Science Foundation [DBI-0852868]; Renewable Energy Materials Research Science and Engineering Center [DMR-0820518]; US Department of Energy; Office of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research, the BioEnergy Science Center (BESC), a DOE Bioenergy Research Center; National Institute of Health under NIH/NIDCD [5R01DC009597] FX We would like to acknowledge support from the National Renewable Energy Laboratory CRADA program. This work was funded by the National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering under the Bioengineering Research Partnership EB-003832 and the National Science Foundation under DBI-0852868. Eric V. Chandler acknowledges the support of the Renewable Energy Materials Research Science and Engineering Center under Grant No. DMR-0820518. Shi-You Ding acknowledges the support of the US Department of Energy, the Office of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research, the BioEnergy Science Center (BESC), a DOE Bioenergy Research Center. Jing. W. Wang acknowledges support from the National Institute of Health under NIH/NIDCD (5R01DC009597). NR 31 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 17 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA BOSCHSTRASSE 12, D-69469 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 1864-063X J9 J BIOPHOTONICS JI J. Biophotonics PD MAY PY 2012 VL 5 IS 5-6 SI SI BP 425 EP 436 DI 10.1002/jbio.201100139 PG 12 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biophysics; Optics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Optics GA 935CI UT WOS:000303496100008 PM 22461190 ER PT J AU Lin, L Lu, JF Ying, LX E, WN AF Lin, Lin Lu, Jianfeng Ying, Lexing E, Weinan TI Optimized local basis set for Kohn-Sham density functional theory SO JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Electronic structure; Kohn-Sham density functional theory; Optimized local basis set; Discontinuous Galerkin; Trace minimization; Molecular dynamics; Pulay force; GMRES; Preconditioning ID FINITE-ELEMENT-METHOD; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE CALCULATIONS; APPROXIMATION; GEOMETRIES; PENALTY; SYSTEMS; GAS AB We develop a technique for generating a set of optimized local basis functions to solve models in the Kohn-Sham density functional theory for both insulating and metallic systems. The optimized local basis functions are obtained by solving a minimization problem in an admissible set determined by a large number of primitive basis functions. Using the optimized local basis set, the electron energy and the atomic force can be calculated accurately with a small number of basis functions. The Pulay force is systematically controlled and is not required to be calculated, which makes the optimized local basis set an ideal tool for ab initio molecular dynamics and structure optimization. We also propose a preconditioned Newton-GMRES method to obtain the optimized local basis functions in practice. The optimized local basis set is able to achieve high accuracy with a small number of basis functions per atom when applied to a one dimensional model problem. (C) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Lin, Lin] Princeton Univ, Program Appl & Computat Math, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Lu, Jianfeng] NYU, Courant Inst Math Sci, New York, NY 10012 USA. [Ying, Lexing] Univ Texas Austin, Dept Math, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Ying, Lexing] Univ Texas Austin, ICES, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [E, Weinan] Princeton Univ, Dept Math, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [E, Weinan] Princeton Univ, PACM, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [E, Weinan] Peking Univ, Beijing Int Ctr Math Res, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China. RP Lin, L (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Computat Res Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM linlin@lbl.gov; jianfeng@cims.nyu.edu; lexing@math.utexas.edu; weinan@math.princeton.edu RI Lin, Lin/I-2726-2012; OI Lin, Lin/0000-0001-7738-5947; Lu, Jianfeng/0000-0001-6255-5165 FU DOE [DE-FG02-03ER25587]; NSF [DMS-0914336]; Alfred P. Sloan Research Fellowship; NSF CAREER [DMS-0846501] FX W.E. and L. L. are partially supported by DOE under Contract No. DE-FG02-03ER25587 and by NSF under Contract No. DMS-0914336. L.Y. is partially supported by an Alfred P. Sloan Research Fellowship and an NSF CAREER award DMS-0846501. The authors thank the hospitality of Shanghai Jiao Tong University where part of the work was done. NR 27 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 14 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0021-9991 EI 1090-2716 J9 J COMPUT PHYS JI J. Comput. Phys. PD MAY 1 PY 2012 VL 231 IS 13 BP 4515 EP 4529 DI 10.1016/j.jcp.2012.03.009 PG 15 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Mathematical SC Computer Science; Physics GA 935JU UT WOS:000303515800004 ER PT J AU Bhatia, A Oo, WMH Siegel, G Stone, PR Yu, KM Scarpulla, MA AF Bhatia, A. Oo, W. M. Hlaing Siegel, G. Stone, P. R. Yu, K. M. Scarpulla, M. A. TI Synthesis of Ge1-x Sn (x) Alloy Thin Films Using Ion Implantation and Pulsed Laser Melting (II-PLM) SO JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE Ge1-xSnx alloy; pulsed laser melting (PLM); ion implantation ID DIRECT ENERGY-GAP; BAND-STRUCTURE; TIN; SEMICONDUCTORS; GERMANIUM; SILICON; SYSTEM AB Ge1-x Sn (x) thin films are interesting for all-group-IV optoelectronics because of a crossover to a direct bandgap with dilute Sn alloying. However, Sn has vanishing room-temperature equilibrium solubility in Ge, making their synthesis very challenging. Herein, we report on our attempts to synthesize Ge1-x Sn (x) films on Ge (001) using ion implantation and pulsed laser melting (II-PLM). A maximum of 2 at.% Sn was incorporated with our experimental conditions in the samples as determined by Rutherford back scattering spectroscopy. A red-shift in the Ge optical phonon branch and increased absorption below the Ge bandgap with increasing Sn concentration indicate Sn-induced lattice- and band-structure changes after II-PLM. However, ion-channeling and electron microscopy show that the films are not of sufficient epitaxial quality for use in devices. C1 [Bhatia, A.; Oo, W. M. Hlaing; Siegel, G.; Scarpulla, M. A.] Univ Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. [Stone, P. R.; Yu, K. M.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Bhatia, A (reprint author), Univ Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. EM ashish.bhatia@utah.edu RI Yu, Kin Man/J-1399-2012; OI Yu, Kin Man/0000-0003-1350-9642; Bhatia, Ashish/0000-0002-2965-4863; Scarpulla, Michael/0000-0002-6084-6839 NR 32 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 6 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0361-5235 J9 J ELECTRON MATER JI J. Electron. Mater. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 41 IS 5 BP 837 EP 844 DI 10.1007/s11664-012-2011-z PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Materials Science; Physics GA 935BX UT WOS:000303495000007 ER PT J AU Denton, MH Borovsky, JE AF Denton, M. H. Borovsky, J. E. TI Magnetosphere response to high-speed solar wind streams: A comparison of weak and strong driving and the importance of extended periods of fast solar wind SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID SUPERPOSED EPOCH ANALYSIS; DETACHED PLASMA REGIONS; GEOSYNCHRONOUS ORBIT; RADIATION BELT; GEOMAGNETIC-ACTIVITY; RELATIVISTIC ELECTRONS; ENERGETIC ELECTRONS; RING CURRENT; SYNCHRONOUS ORBIT; BULGE REGION AB Much attention has been focused on the reaction of the magnetosphere to the solar wind during the recent extended solar minimum (2006-2010). Although this period was exceptionally quiet when categorized by some parameters (e. g., the number of sunspots) the solar wind still contained features which impacted the Earth's magnetosphere and caused geomagnetic disturbances. Recurrent corotating interaction regions (CIRs) and associated high-speed solar wind streams (HSSs) are typically associated with the declining phase of the solar cycle and were a regular feature of the solar wind during the most recent solar minimum. Here we compare and contrast strong and weak HSSs in the solar wind and their subsequent effect within the Earth's magnetosphere. We find significant differences between strong and weak HSS effects in the plasmasphere, in the ion and electron plasma sheets, and in the outer electron radiation belt. A density-temperature description of the outer radiation belt is shown to shed light on why the radiation belt flux is observed to return at a higher level after the arrival of strong HSSs than before strong HSSs and why the flux is observed to return at a lower level after the arrival of weak HSSs than before weak HSSs. C1 [Denton, M. H.] Univ Lancaster, Dept Phys, Lancaster LA1 4YB, England. [Borovsky, J. E.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Denton, M. H.] Space Sci Inst, Boulder, CO USA. [Borovsky, J. E.] Univ Michigan, AOSS Dept, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. RP Denton, MH (reprint author), Univ Lancaster, Dept Phys, Lancaster LA1 4YB, England. EM m.denton@lancaster.ac.uk OI Denton, Michael/0000-0002-1748-3710 FU STFC [ST/G002401/1]; NASA [CCMSC-24]; NSF GEM FX We thank Tom Cayton for providing the density and temperature fits to the SOPA data and Michelle Thomsen and Tom Cayton for many useful conversations. We thank Reiner Friedel and Dot Delapp at LANL for providing the SOPA fluxes. We thank Kyoto University for providing the Dst values and the U. S. Air Force Research Laboratory, Hanscom Air Force Base, Mass., for providing the Midnight Boundary Index. Research at Lancaster was supported by STFC Grant ST/G002401/1. Work at Los Alamos was supported by the NASA Living with a Star Targeted Research and Technology Program, the NASA CCMSC-24 Program, and the NSF GEM Program. M. H. D. would also like to thank J.E.B. and all in ISR-1 for their generous and frequent hospitality during his visit in summer 2011. NR 108 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 13 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-9380 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys. PD MAY 1 PY 2012 VL 117 AR A00L05 DI 10.1029/2011JA017124 PG 19 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 937PU UT WOS:000303671200001 ER PT J AU Lewicki, JP Mayer, BP Alviso, CT Maxwell, RS AF Lewicki, James P. Mayer, Brian P. Alviso, Cynthia T. Maxwell, Robert S. TI Thermal Degradation Behavior and Product Speciation in Model Poly(dimethylsiloxane) Networks SO JOURNAL OF INORGANIC AND ORGANOMETALLIC POLYMERS AND MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE Siloxane; Thermal degradation; Model networks; PDMS; Principal components analysis; Multimodal networks ID INSITU PRECIPITATION; ELASTOMERS; SILICA; NANOCOMPOSITES; POLYSILOXANES; SILOXANES) AB The thermal degradation behavior of a series of well defined poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) model networks has been studied using a combination analytical thermal analysis techniques and multivariate statistical analysis in order to probe the influence of network architecture on degradation chemistry. The aim of this research has been to determine the effect differing network architectures: mono and bimodality, a range of crosslink density, inter-chain molar mass and percentage of free chain ends on the mechanisms of PDMS thermal degradation. A series of model PDMS networks have been formulated using of tin catalyzed condensation cure chemistry and a range of linear precursors to yield a matrix of model network systems. The thermal degradation chemistry of these model networks have been characterized in relation to their structure by means of pyrolysis gas chromatography mass spectrometry (Py-GCMS), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) and multivariate statistical analysis. The results clearly demonstrate that the structural architecture of (chemically similar) PDMS networks has a significant impact on the mechanisms of PDMS thermal degradation. Notability, with decreasing inter-crosslink chain length, larger cyclic siloxane species (> D5) become more abundant degradation products and that there is a relationship between inter-chain molar mass, degree of crosslinking and the thermal stability on the mechanisms of degradation. This work effectively demonstrates that quantifiable relationships exist between basic network architectures and the distributions of degradation derived species in PDMS networks. C1 [Lewicki, James P.; Mayer, Brian P.; Alviso, Cynthia T.; Maxwell, Robert S.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Lewicki, JP (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM lewicki1@llnl.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344] FX This work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. The authors would also like to gratefully acknowledge Mark Pearson (LLNL) for his assistance in carrying out the TGA of the materials studied. NR 22 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 4 U2 31 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1574-1443 J9 J INORG ORGANOMET P JI J. Inorg. Organomet. Polym. Mater. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 22 IS 3 SI SI BP 636 EP 645 DI 10.1007/s10904-011-9625-0 PG 10 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 934CC UT WOS:000303417300011 ER PT J AU Li, D Han, JG Chen, H Li, L Zhao, RN Liu, G Duan, YH AF Li, Dan Han, Ju-Guang Chen, Hang Li, Liang Zhao, Run-Ning Liu, Guang Duan, Yuhua TI Insights into the structural function of the complex of HIV-1 protease with TMC-126: molecular dynamics simulations and free-energy calculations SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR MODELING LA English DT Article DE HIV-1 protease; TMC-126; MM-PBSA/MM-GBSA; Free-energy decomposition; Computational alanine scanning ID BINDING FREE-ENERGIES; DRUG-RESISTANCE; COMPUTATIONAL ANALYSIS; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURES; FORCE-FIELD; WILD-TYPE; MM-PB/SA; INHIBITOR; DECOMPOSITION; MODEL AB The binding properties of the protein-inhibitor complex of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) protease with the inhibitor TMC-126 are investigated by combining computational alanine scanning (CAS) mutagenesis with binding free-energy decomposition (BFED). The calculated results demonstrate that the flap region (residues 38-58) and the active site region (residues 23-32) in HIV-1 protease contribute 63.72% of the protease to the binding of the inhibitor. In particular, the mechanisms for the interactions of key residues of these species are fully explored and analyzed. Interestingly, the regression analyses show that both CAS and BFED based on the generalized Born model yield similar results, with a correlation coefficient of 0.94. However, compared to CAS, BFED is faster and can decompose the per-residue binding free-energy contributions into backbone and side-chain contributions. The results obtained in this study are useful for studying the binding mechanism between receptor and ligand and for designing potent inhibitors that can combat diseases. C1 [Li, Dan; Han, Ju-Guang; Chen, Hang; Li, Liang; Zhao, Run-Ning; Liu, Guang] Univ Sci & Technol China, Natl Synchrotron Radiat Lab, Hefei 230029, Peoples R China. [Duan, Yuhua] US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. RP Han, JG (reprint author), Univ Sci & Technol China, Natl Synchrotron Radiat Lab, Hefei 230029, Peoples R China. EM jghan@ustc.edu.cn RI Duan, Yuhua/D-6072-2011 OI Duan, Yuhua/0000-0001-7447-0142 FU Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology [2010CB934504]; Natural Science Fund of China FX This work is supported by the 973 Fund of the Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology (2010CB934504) and the Natural Science Fund of China. NR 52 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 21 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1610-2940 J9 J MOL MODEL JI J. Mol. Model. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 18 IS 5 BP 1841 EP 1854 DI 10.1007/s00894-011-1205-2 PG 14 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Chemistry; Computer Science GA 935SW UT WOS:000303541900015 PM 21850570 ER PT J AU Hu, SW Pluth, JM Cucinotta, FA AF Hu, Shaowen Pluth, Janice M. Cucinotta, Francis A. TI Putative binding modes of Ku70-SAP domain with double strand DNA: a molecular modeling study SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR MODELING LA English DT Article DE Binding free energy; DNA repair; Ku70-SAP; Ku-DNA binding; Molecular dynamics simulation ID CONFORMATIONAL SEARCH; CONTINUUM SOLVENT; NUCLEIC-ACIDS; FREE-ENERGY; PROTEIN; END; KU; HETERODIMER; DOCKING; REPAIR AB The channel structure of the Ku protein elegantly reveals the mechanistic basis of sequence-independent DNA-end binding, which is essential to genome integrity after exposure to ionizing radiation or in V(D)J recombination. However, contradicting evidence indicates that this protein is also involved in the regulation of gene expression and in other regulatory processes with intact chromosomes. This computational study predicts that a putative DNA binding domain of this protein, the SAP domain, can form DNA-bound complexes with relatively high affinities (Delta G a parts per thousand -20 kcal mol(-1)). The binding modes are searched by low frequency vibration modes driven by the fully flexible docking method while binding affinities are calculated by the molecular mechanics Poisson-Boltzmann surface area (MM-PBSA) method. We find this well defined 5 kDa domain with a helix-extended loop-helix structure is suitable to form favorable electrostatic and hydrophobic interactions with either the major groove or the minor groove of DNA. The calculation also reveals the sequence specified binding preference which may relate to the observed pause sites when Ku translocates along DNA and the perplex binding of Ku with circular DNA. C1 [Hu, Shaowen] Univ Space Res Assoc, Div Space Life Sci, Houston, TX 77058 USA. [Pluth, Janice M.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Cucinotta, Francis A.] NASA, Lyndon B Johnson Space Ctr, Houston, TX 77058 USA. RP Hu, SW (reprint author), Univ Space Res Assoc, Div Space Life Sci, Houston, TX 77058 USA. EM Shaowen.hu-1@nasa.gov FU NASA FX The authors thank Dr. Istvan Kolossvary for kind help on LMOD calculations. Part of computations was performed on computers at TLC2 of the University of Houston. Funding for this study was provided by the NASA Space Radiation Program, Risk Assessment Project. NR 41 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 3 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1610-2940 J9 J MOL MODEL JI J. Mol. Model. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 18 IS 5 BP 2163 EP 2174 DI 10.1007/s00894-011-1234-x PG 12 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Chemistry; Computer Science GA 935SW UT WOS:000303541900043 PM 21947447 ER PT J AU Kim, SM Chien, WM Chandra, D Pal, NK Talekar, A Lamb, J Dolan, MD Paglieri, SN Flanagan, TB AF Kim, Sang-Mun Chien, Wen-Ming Chandra, Dhanesh Pal, Narendra K. Talekar, Anjali Lamb, Joshua Dolan, Michael D. Paglieri, Stephen N. Flanagan, Ted B. TI Phase transformation and crystallization kinetics of melt-spun Ni60Nb20Zr20 amorphous alloy SO JOURNAL OF NON-CRYSTALLINE SOLIDS LA English DT Article DE Amorphous alloys; Glass transition; Crystallization; Activation energy; Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) ID GLASS-FORMING ABILITY; DIFFERENTIAL THERMAL ANALYSIS; HYDROGEN PERMEATION; METALLIC GLASSES; NB; TRANSITION; MEMBRANES; STABILITY; STATE AB The glass transition and crystallization kinetics of melt-spun Ni60Nb20Zr20 amorphous alloy ribbons have been studied under non-isothermal and isothermal conditions using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The dependence of glass transition and crystallization temperatures on heating rates was analyzed by Lasocka's relationship. The activation energies of crystallization, E-x, were determined to be 499.5 kJ/mol and 488.6 kJ/mol using the Kissinger and Ozawa equations, respectively. The Johnson-Mehl-Avrami equation has also been applied to the isothermal kinetics and the Avrami exponents are in the range of 1.92-2.47 indicating a diffusion-controlled three-dimensional growth mechanism. The activation energy obtained from the Arrhenius equation in the isothermal process was calculated to be E-x = 419.5 kJ/mol. The corresponding three dimensional (3D) time-temperature-transformation (TIT) diagram of crystallization for the alloy has been drawn which provides the information about transformation at a particular temperature. In addition, the intermetallic phases and morphology after thermal treatment have been identified by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Kim, Sang-Mun; Chien, Wen-Ming; Chandra, Dhanesh; Pal, Narendra K.; Talekar, Anjali] Univ Nevada, Reno, NV 89557 USA. [Lamb, Joshua] Sandia Natl Labs, Adv Power Sources Res & Dev, Albuquerque, NM 87123 USA. [Dolan, Michael D.] CSIRO, Div Energy Technol, Kenmore, Qld 4069, Australia. [Paglieri, Stephen N.] TDA Res Inc, Wheat Ridge, CO 80033 USA. [Flanagan, Ted B.] Univ Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405 USA. RP Chandra, D (reprint author), Univ Nevada, Reno, NV 89557 USA. EM dchandra@unr.edu RI Dolan, Michael/H-3100-2013 FU US DOE-NETL [DE-FE0000998] FX The authors gratefully acknowledge US DOE-NETL for financial support of the project under contract No. DE-FE0000998. NR 29 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3093 J9 J NON-CRYST SOLIDS JI J. Non-Cryst. Solids PD MAY 1 PY 2012 VL 358 IS 9 BP 1165 EP 1170 DI 10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2012.01.010 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Ceramics; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 935AV UT WOS:000303490300001 ER PT J AU Nozik, AJ AF Nozik, Arthur J. TI PHOTOVOLTAICS Separating multiple excitons SO NATURE PHOTONICS LA English DT News Item ID SOLAR-CELLS; EFFICIENCY; PBSE C1 [Nozik, Arthur J.] Univ Colorado, Dept Chem & Biochem, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Nozik, Arthur J.] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO USA. RP Nozik, AJ (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Dept Chem & Biochem, Campus Box 215, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. EM arthur.nozik@colorado.edu RI Nozik, Arthur/A-1481-2012; Nozik, Arthur/P-2641-2016 NR 10 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 37 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 1749-4885 J9 NAT PHOTONICS JI Nat. Photonics PD MAY PY 2012 VL 6 IS 5 BP 272 EP 273 DI 10.1038/nphoton.2012.78 PG 3 WC Optics; Physics, Applied SC Optics; Physics GA 935UM UT WOS:000303547000003 ER PT J AU Gregg, BA van de Lagemaat, J AF Gregg, Brian A. van de Lagemaat, Jao TI SOLAR CELLS Folding photons SO NATURE PHOTONICS LA English DT News Item C1 [Gregg, Brian A.; van de Lagemaat, Jao] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Gregg, BA (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, 1617 Cole Blvd, Golden, CO 80401 USA. EM brian.gregg@nrel.gov RI van de Lagemaat, Jao/J-9431-2012 NR 6 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 33 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 1749-4885 J9 NAT PHOTONICS JI Nat. Photonics PD MAY PY 2012 VL 6 IS 5 BP 278 EP 280 DI 10.1038/nphoton.2012.84 PG 4 WC Optics; Physics, Applied SC Optics; Physics GA 935UM UT WOS:000303547000008 ER PT J AU Wu, HC Meyer-ter-Vehn, J AF Wu, H. -C. Meyer-ter-Vehn, J. TI Giant half-cycle attosecond pulses SO NATURE PHOTONICS LA English DT Article ID ELECTROMAGNETIC PULSES; GENERATION; GRAPHENE AB Half-cycle picosecond pulses have been produced from thin photoconductors when applying an electric field across the surface and switching on conduction using a short laser pulse. The transverse current in the wafer plane then emits half-cycle pulses in a normal direction, and pulses of 500 fs duration and 1 x 10(6) Vm(-1) peak electric field have been observed. Here, we show that single half-cycle pulses with a duration of 50 as and up to 1 x 10(13) Vm(-1) can be produced when irradiating a double foil target with intense few-cycle laser pulses. Focused onto an ultrathin foil, all electrons are blown out, forming a uniform sheet of relativistic electrons. A second layer, placed some distance behind, reflects the drive beam but lets electrons pass straight through. Under oblique incidence, beam reflection provides the transverse current, which emits intense half-cycle pulses. Such a pulse may completely ionize even heavier atoms. With these developments, new types of attosecond pump-probe experiments will become possible. C1 [Wu, H. -C.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Meyer-ter-Vehn, J.] Max Planck Inst Quantum Opt, D-85748 Garching, Germany. RP Wu, HC (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM huichunwu1@gmail.com FU LDRD at the Los Alamos National Laboratory [20110341ER]; Munich Center for Advanced Photonics; Association EURATOM-Max-Planck-Institute for Plasma Physics FX This work was supported by LDRD Program 20110341ER at the Los Alamos National Laboratory. J.M.-t.-V. was supported by the Munich Center for Advanced Photonics and by the Association EURATOM-Max-Planck-Institute for Plasma Physics. H.-C.W. acknowledges support from J. Fernandez and B.M. Hegelich. NR 18 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 3 U2 22 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 1749-4885 J9 NAT PHOTONICS JI Nat. Photonics PD MAY PY 2012 VL 6 IS 5 BP 304 EP 307 DI 10.1038/NPHOTON.2012.76 PG 4 WC Optics; Physics, Applied SC Optics; Physics GA 935UM UT WOS:000303547000014 ER PT J AU Phuoc, KT Corde, S Thaury, C Malka, V Tafzi, A Goddet, JP Shah, RC Sebban, S Rousse, A AF Phuoc, K. Ta Corde, S. Thaury, C. Malka, V. Tafzi, A. Goddet, J. P. Shah, R. C. Sebban, S. Rousse, A. TI All-optical Compton gamma-ray source SO NATURE PHOTONICS LA English DT Article ID X-RAYS; THOMSON SCATTERING; FEMTOSECOND; PULSES; ACCELERATION; WAKE AB One of the major goals of research for laser-plasma accelerators(1) is the realization of compact sources of femtosecond X-rays(2-4). In particular, using the modest electron energies obtained with existing laser systems, Compton scattering a photon beam off a relativistic electron bunch has been proposed as a source of high-energy and high-brightness photons. However, laser-plasma based approaches to Compton scattering have not, to date, produced X-rays above 1 keV. Here, we present a simple and compact scheme for a Compton source based on the combination of a laser-plasma accelerator and a plasma mirror. This approach is used to produce a broadband spectrum of X-rays extending up to hundreds of keV and with a 10,000-fold increase in brightness over Compton X-ray sources based on conventional accelerators(5,6). We anticipate that this technique will lead to compact, high-repetition-rate sources of ultrafast (femtosecond), tunable (X-through gamma-ray) and low-divergence (similar to 1 degrees) photons from source sizes on the order of a micrometre. C1 [Phuoc, K. Ta; Corde, S.; Thaury, C.; Malka, V.; Tafzi, A.; Goddet, J. P.; Sebban, S.; Rousse, A.] Ecole Polytech, CNRS, Lab Opt Appl, ENSTA ParisTech,UMR7639, F-91128 Palaiseau, France. [Shah, R. C.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA. RP Corde, S (reprint author), Ecole Polytech, CNRS, Lab Opt Appl, ENSTA ParisTech,UMR7639, F-91128 Palaiseau, France. EM kim.taphuoc@ensta-paristech.fr; sebastien.corde@polytechnique.edu RI Malka, Victor/F-5260-2010; ROUSSE, Antoine/D-2712-2009; OI Thaury, Cedric/0000-0002-6537-8392 FU European Research Council through the PARIS ERC [226424] FX The authors acknowledge the European Research Council for support through the PARIS ERC project (contract no. 226424). The authors acknowledge LOA technical staff for experimental assistance. NR 22 TC 131 Z9 131 U1 7 U2 48 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 1749-4885 J9 NAT PHOTONICS JI Nat. Photonics PD MAY PY 2012 VL 6 IS 5 BP 308 EP 311 DI 10.1038/NPHOTON.2012.82 PG 4 WC Optics; Physics, Applied SC Optics; Physics GA 935UM UT WOS:000303547000015 ER PT J AU Lee, DH AF Lee, Dung-Hai TI IRON-BASED SUPERCONDUCTORS Nodal rings SO NATURE PHYSICS LA English DT News Item C1 [Lee, Dung-Hai] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Lee, Dung-Hai] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Lee, DH (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM dunghai@berkeley.edu NR 5 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 6 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 1745-2473 J9 NAT PHYS JI Nat. Phys. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 8 IS 5 BP 364 EP 365 DI 10.1038/nphys2301 PG 3 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 936OF UT WOS:000303599200010 ER PT J AU Van Houcke, K Werner, F Kozik, E Prokof'ev, N Svistunov, B Ku, MJH Sommer, AT Cheuk, LW Schirotzek, A Zwierlein, MW AF Van Houcke, K. Werner, F. Kozik, E. Prokof'ev, N. Svistunov, B. Ku, M. J. H. Sommer, A. T. Cheuk, L. W. Schirotzek, A. Zwierlein, M. W. TI Feynman diagrams versus Fermi-gas Feynman emulator SO NATURE PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID PHYSICS AB Precise understanding of strongly interacting fermions, from electrons in modern materials to nuclear matter, presents a major goal in modern physics. However, the theoretical description of interacting Fermi systems is usually plagued by the intricate quantum statistics at play. Here we present a cross-validation between a new theoretical approach, bold diagrammatic Monte Carlo(1-3), and precision experiments on ultracold atoms. Specifically, we compute and measure, with unprecedented precision, the normal-state equation of state of the unitary gas, a prototypical example of a strongly correlated fermionic system(4-6). Excellent agreement demonstrates that a series of Feynman diagrams can be controllably resummed in a non-perturbative regime using bold diagrammatic Monte Carlo. C1 [Van Houcke, K.; Werner, F.; Prokof'ev, N.; Svistunov, B.] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Phys, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. [Van Houcke, K.] Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium. [Werner, F.] Univ Paris 06, Ecole Normale Super, Lab Kastler Brossel, CNRS, F-75005 Paris, France. [Kozik, E.] ETH, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland. [Kozik, E.] Ecole Polytech, Ctr Phys Theor, F-91128 Palaiseau, France. [Prokof'ev, N.; Svistunov, B.] Kurchatov Inst, Russian Res Ctr, Moscow 123182, Russia. [Ku, M. J. H.; Sommer, A. T.; Cheuk, L. W.; Zwierlein, M. W.] MIT, Dept Phys, MIT Harvard Ctr Ultracold Atoms, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Schirotzek, A.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Adv Light Source, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Ku, M. J. H.; Sommer, A. T.; Cheuk, L. W.; Zwierlein, M. W.] MIT, Elect Res Lab, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. RP Van Houcke, K (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, Dept Phys, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. EM kris.vanhoucke@ugent.be RI PROKOFIEV, NIKOLAY/F-6865-2010; Kozik , Evgeny /L-5941-2013 FU Army Research Office; Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA); Research Foundation Flanders (FWO); National Science Foundation (NSF) [PHY-1005543]; Swiss National Science Foundation (SNF); l'Institut Francilien de Recherche sur les Atomes Froids (IFRAF); NSF; AFOSR-MURI; ARO-MURI; Office of Naval Research (ONR); AFOSR; David and Lucile Packard Foundation; Alfred P. Sloan Foundation FX We thank R. Haussmann for providing propagator data from refs 15,21 for comparison, and the authors of refs 11,13,22,23 for sending us their data. This collaboration was supported by a grant from the Army Research Office with funding from the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) Optical Lattice Emulator program. Theorists acknowledge the financial support of the Research Foundation Flanders (FWO) (K.V.H.), National Science Foundation (NSF) grant PHY-1005543 (University of Massachusetts group), Swiss National Science Foundation (SNF) Fellowship for Advanced Researchers (E.K.), and l'Institut Francilien de Recherche sur les Atomes Froids (IFRAF) (F.W.). Simulations ran on the clusters CM at UMass and Brutus at ETH. The MIT work was supported by the NSF, AFOSR-MURI, ARO-MURI, Office of Naval Research (ONR), DARPA Young Faculty Award, an AFOSR Presidential Early Career Award for Scientists and Engineers (PECASE), the David and Lucile Packard Foundation, and the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation. NR 31 TC 74 Z9 74 U1 1 U2 21 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 1745-2473 EI 1745-2481 J9 NAT PHYS JI Nat. Phys. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 8 IS 5 BP 366 EP 370 DI 10.1038/NPHYS2273 PG 5 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 936OF UT WOS:000303599200011 ER PT J AU Ingersoll, DT AF Ingersoll, Daniel T. TI SPECIAL ISSUE ON SMALL MODULAR REACTORS FOREWORD SO NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Ingersoll, DT (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOC PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA SN 0029-5450 J9 NUCL TECHNOL JI Nucl. Technol. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 178 IS 2 SI SI BP 125 EP 125 PG 1 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 929RN UT WOS:000303083300001 ER PT J AU Tsuboi, Y Arie, K Ueda, N Grenci, T Yacout, AM AF Tsuboi, Yasushi Arie, Kazuo Ueda, Nobuyuki Grenci, Tony Yacout, A. M. TI DESIGN OF THE 4S REACTOR SO NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE sodium fast reactor; 4S; Toshiba AB The Super-Safe, Small and Simple (4S) sodium-cooled fast reactor plant incorporates innovative design features, such as a nonrefueling reactor, passive safety, low maintenance requirements, and inherent security. Major components such as the reflector drive mechanisms, the electromagnetic pumps. and the double-wall tube steam generator have been optimized for efficient and safe operation. The nonrefueling reactor concept is made possible by incorporating a 30-yr refueling interval for the reflector-controlled metallic fuel core. Sodium-cooled, metallic-fueled fast reactors have a good conversion ratio due to fast neutron usage, thus extending the core life. Passive safety is achieved with redundant residual heat removal systems that function using only natural circulation, and a metallic core with a negative reactivity coefficient. Low maintenance requirements are achieved by simplifying the design and minimizing the use of active components, and by using electromagnetic pumps, which have no moving parts. The inherent security of the nuclear materials is significantly enhanced by the nonrefueling reactor concept and the minimal maintenance requirements. In addition, the reactor building is located below ground level, providing substantial protection against an aircraft impact and thus further enhancing the security of the design.. The demonstration of key components such as the electromagnetic pumps and the steam generator is part of an ongoing testing program that has already confirmed many of the 4S engineering solutions. This paper describes the current status of design and component tests for the 4S reactor. C1 [Grenci, Tony] Westinghouse Elect Co, Nucl Serv, Waddell, AZ 85355 USA. [Tsuboi, Yasushi; Arie, Kazuo] Toshiba Co Ltd, Adv Syst Design & Engn Dept, Isogo Ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 2358523, Japan. [Ueda, Nobuyuki] Cent Res Inst Elect Power Ind, Nucl Technol Res Lab, Kimae, Tokyo 2018511, Japan. [Yacout, A. M.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Tsuboi, Y (reprint author), Westinghouse Elect Co, Nucl Serv, 19239 W Alice Court, Waddell, AZ 85355 USA. EM grencit@westinghouse.com NR 25 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 11 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOC PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA SN 0029-5450 J9 NUCL TECHNOL JI Nucl. Technol. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 178 IS 2 SI SI BP 201 EP 217 PG 17 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 929RN UT WOS:000303083300007 ER PT J AU Lim, J Bae, WK Kwak, J Lee, S Lee, C Char, K AF Lim, Jaehoon Bae, Wan Ki Kwak, Jeonghun Lee, Seonghoon Lee, Changhee Char, Kookheon TI Perspective on synthesis, device structures, and printing processes for quantum dot displays SO OPTICAL MATERIALS EXPRESS LA English DT Article ID LIGHT-EMITTING-DIODES; CDSE/CDS CORE/SHELL NANOCRYSTALS; CORE-SHELL NANOCRYSTALS; LARGE-SCALE SYNTHESIS; ONE-POT SYNTHESIS; SEMICONDUCTOR NANOCRYSTALS; PBS NANOCRYSTALS; II-VI; NONCOORDINATING SOLVENT; ZNXCD1-XSE NANOCRYSTALS AB Quantum dot-based light emitting diodes have extensively been investigated over the past two decades in order to utilize high color purity and photophysical stability of quantum dots. In this review, progresses on the preparation of quantum dots, structural design of electroluminescence devices using quantum dots, and printing processes for full-color quantum dot display will be discussed. The obstacles originating from the use of heavy metals, large hole injection barrier, and imperfect printing processes for pixilation have limited the practical applications of quantum dot-based devices. It is expected that recent complementary approaches on materials, device structures, and new printing processes would accelerate the realization of quantum dot displays. (C)2012 Optical Society of America C1 [Lim, Jaehoon; Char, Kookheon] Seoul Natl Univ, WCU Program Chem Convergence Energy & Environm, Sch Chem & Biol Engn, Natl Creat Res Initiat,Ctr Intelligent Hybrids, Seoul 151744, South Korea. [Bae, Wan Ki] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Chem, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Kwak, Jeonghun] Dong A Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Pusan 604714, South Korea. [Lee, Seonghoon] Seoul Natl Univ, Sch Chem, Seoul 151742, South Korea. [Lee, Changhee] Seoul Natl Univ, Interuniv Semicond Res Ctr, Sch Elect & Comp Engn, Seoul 151744, South Korea. RP Lim, J (reprint author), Seoul Natl Univ, WCU Program Chem Convergence Energy & Environm, Sch Chem & Biol Engn, Natl Creat Res Initiat,Ctr Intelligent Hybrids, 1 Gwanak Ro, Seoul 151744, South Korea. EM khchar@plaza.snu.ac.kr RI Kwak, Jeonghun/C-6191-2009; Lee, Changhee/A-2471-2009 OI Kwak, Jeonghun/0000-0002-4037-8687; Lee, Changhee/0000-0003-2800-8250 FU National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF); Korea Ministry of Education, Science, and Technology (MEST) through the National Creative Research Initiative Center for Intelligent Hybrids [2010-0018290]; WCU (World Class University) [R31-10013]; National Research Foundation of Korea; Korean Government (MEST) [NRF-2009-C1AAA001-2009-0093282]; Leading Foreign Research Institute [2011-0030065]; Basic Science Research Program [2011-0022716]; SNU Brain Fusion; Korea Research Foundation (KRF); BK21 Program; International Research Training Group: Self Organized Materials for Optoelectronics; DFG (Germany); NRF (Korea) FX This work was financially supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Korea Ministry of Education, Science, and Technology (MEST) through the National Creative Research Initiative Center for Intelligent Hybrids (No. 2010-0018290), the WCU (World Class University) Program of Chemical Convergence for Energy and Environment (R31-10013), the National Research Foundation of Korea Grant funded by the Korean Government (MEST) (No. NRF-2009-C1AAA001-2009-0093282), Leading Foreign Research Institute Recruitment Program (2011-0030065), the Basic Science Research Program (2011-0022716), SNU Brain Fusion, Korea Research Foundation (KRF) for artificial atoms research, and the BK21 Program. This work was also in part supported by the International Research Training Group: Self Organized Materials for Optoelectronics, jointly supported by the DFG (Germany) and the NRF (Korea). NR 128 TC 41 Z9 41 U1 5 U2 78 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 2159-3930 J9 OPT MATER EXPRESS JI Opt. Mater. Express PD MAY 1 PY 2012 VL 2 IS 5 BP 594 EP 628 PG 35 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Optics SC Materials Science; Optics GA 935CJ UT WOS:000303496200010 ER PT J AU Kunieda, S Haight, RC Kawano, T Chadwick, MB Sterbenz, SM Bateman, FB Wasson, OA Grimes, SM Maier-Komor, P Vonach, H Fukahori, T Watanabe, Y AF Kunieda, S. Haight, R. C. Kawano, T. Chadwick, M. B. Sterbenz, S. M. Bateman, F. B. Wasson, O. A. Grimes, S. M. Maier-Komor, P. Vonach, H. Fukahori, T. Watanabe, Y. TI Measurement and model analysis of (n, x alpha) cross sections for Cr, Fe, Co-59, and Ni-58,Ni-60 from threshold energy to 150 MeV SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID NUCLEAR-REACTIONS; PARTICLE PRODUCTION; GRIFFIN MODEL; EXCITON MODEL; FAST-NEUTRONS; EMISSION; DENSITY; DEPENDENCE; MECHANISM; PARAMETER AB Neutron reactions that produce a particles have been investigated experimentally and analyzed by reaction model calculations for incident neutron energies from threshold to 150 MeV on elemental chromium and iron. The cross sections were measured at the Los Alamos Neutron Science Center by direct observation of alpha particles. Previous data on isotopes Co-59 and Ni-58,Ni-60 were also included in the analysis. The model calculations are made for both statistical decay and pre-equilibrium processes. This study particularly focuses on the pre-equilibrium cluster emission, which is described by the clustering exciton model of Iwamoto and Harada. We calculate the alpha-particle formation factors numerically without any of the approximations that appeared in the original model. The model parameter Delta R, the nuclear surface area where the pickup reaction may occur, is determined by fitting the calculated alpha-particle energy spectra to experimental data. The calculated alpha-particle-production cross sections agree well with the measured data, except for the Cr case. With a simple sensitivity study for the level density parameters, it is reported that relatively small changes in the level density parameters improve the reproduction of experimental data significantly. Our realistic model calculations for the pre-equilibrium process shed light on uncertainties in the nuclear level densities in statistical decay calculation. C1 [Kunieda, S.; Haight, R. C.; Kawano, T.; Chadwick, M. B.; Sterbenz, S. M.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Kunieda, S.; Fukahori, T.] Japan Atom Energy Agcy, Nucl Data Ctr, Tokai, Ibaraki 3191195, Japan. [Bateman, F. B.; Wasson, O. A.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. [Grimes, S. M.] Ohio Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Inst Nucl & Particle Phys, Athens, OH 45701 USA. [Maier-Komor, P.] Tech Univ Munich, Dept Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Vonach, H.] Univ Vienna, Inst Radiumforsch & Kernphys, A-1090 Vienna, Austria. [Watanabe, Y.] Kyushu Univ, Dept Adv Energy Engn Sci, Fukuoka 8168580, Japan. RP Kunieda, S (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM kunieda.satoshi@jaea.go.jp RI U-ID, Kyushu/C-5291-2016 FU National Nuclear Security Administration of the US Department of Energy at Los Alamos National Laboratory [DE-AC52-06NA25396] FX One of the authors (S.K.) thanks the Los Alamos National Laboratory for hospitality during his stay. He is also grateful to Dr. S. Okajima of the Japan Atomic Energy Agency, who encouraged this study. This work benefited from the use of the LANSCE accelerator facility as it was carried out under the auspices of the National Nuclear Security Administration of the US Department of Energy at Los Alamos National Laboratory under Contract No. DE-AC52-06NA25396. NR 46 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 9 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD MAY 1 PY 2012 VL 85 IS 5 AR 054602 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.85.054602 PG 10 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 933VF UT WOS:000303391100005 ER PT J AU de Groot, J Mueller, T Rosenberg, RA Keavney, DJ Islam, Z Kim, JW Angst, M AF de Groot, J. Mueller, T. Rosenberg, R. A. Keavney, D. J. Islam, Z. Kim, J. -W. Angst, M. TI Charge Order in LuFe2O4: An Unlikely Route to Ferroelectricity SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID FRUSTRATED SYSTEM LUFE2O4; CIRCULAR-DICHROISM; IRON AB We present the refinement of the crystal structure of charge-ordered LuFe2O4, based on single-crystal x-ray diffraction data. The arrangement of the different Fe-valence states, determined with bond-valence-sum analysis, corresponds to a stacking of charged Fe bilayers, in contrast with the polar bilayers previously suggested. This arrangement is supported by an analysis of x-ray magnetic circular dichroism spectra, which also evidences a strong charge-spin coupling. The nonpolar bilayers are inconsistent with charge order based ferroelectricity. C1 [de Groot, J.; Mueller, T.; Angst, M.] Forschungszentrum Julich, PGI, D-52425 Julich, Germany. [de Groot, J.; Mueller, T.; Angst, M.] Forschungszentrum Julich, JCNS, JARA FIT, D-52425 Julich, Germany. [Rosenberg, R. A.; Keavney, D. J.; Islam, Z.; Kim, J. -W.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP de Groot, J (reprint author), Forschungszentrum Julich, PGI, D-52425 Julich, Germany. EM M.Angst@fz-juelich.de RI Angst, Manuel/I-4380-2012; Rosenberg, Richard/K-3442-2012 OI Angst, Manuel/0000-0001-8892-7019; FU Helmholtz Association of German Research Centers; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; U.S. DOE FX We gratefully acknowledge D. Robinson for help with collecting data. Support from the initiative and networking fund of the Helmholtz Association of German Research Centers by funding the Helmholz-University Young Investigator Group "Complex Ordering Phenomena in Multifunctional Oxides," is gratefully acknowledged. Use of the Advance Photon Source was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. M. A. thanks D. Mandrus, B. C. Sales, W. Tian, and R. Jin for their assistance in crystal growth, also supported by the U.S. DOE. NR 43 TC 48 Z9 48 U1 8 U2 75 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD MAY 1 PY 2012 VL 108 IS 18 AR 187601 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.108.187601 PG 5 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 933TA UT WOS:000303384400013 PM 22681119 ER PT J AU Roytershteyn, V Daughton, W Karimabadi, H Mozer, FS AF Roytershteyn, V. Daughton, W. Karimabadi, H. Mozer, F. S. TI Influence of the Lower-Hybrid Drift Instability on Magnetic Reconnection in Asymmetric Configurations SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID CURRENT SHEET; ANOMALOUS RESISTIVITY; PLASMA; MAGNETOPAUSE AB Using fully kinetic 3D simulations of magnetic reconnection in asymmetric antiparallel configurations, we demonstrate that an electromagnetic lower-hybrid drift instability (LHDI) localized near the X line can substantially modify the reconnection mechanism in the regimes with large asymmetry, a moderate ratio of electron to ion temperature, and low plasma beta. However, the mode saturates at a small amplitude in the regimes typical of Earth's magnetopause. In these cases, LHDI-driven turbulence is predominantly localized along the separatrices on the low-beta side of the current sheet, in agreement with spacecraft observations. C1 [Roytershteyn, V.; Karimabadi, H.] Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Daughton, W.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Mozer, F. S.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Space Sci Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Roytershteyn, V (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. RI Daughton, William/L-9661-2013; OI Roytershteyn, Vadim/0000-0003-1745-7587 FU NSF [ATM0802380, OCI 0904734]; NASA; LDRD at Los Alamos; DOE [DE-AC05-00OR22725] FX The authors acknowledge support from NSF Grants No. ATM0802380 and No. OCI 0904734, NASA Heliophysics Theory Program, and the LDRD program at Los Alamos. This research used resources of the National Center for Computational Sciences at Oak Ridge National Laboratory, which is supported by DOE under Contract No. DE-AC05-00OR22725. Additional simulations were supported by an allocation of advanced computing resources provided by the NSF at the National Institute for Computational Sciences and by NASA. NR 21 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 1 U2 18 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD MAY 1 PY 2012 VL 108 IS 18 AR 185001 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.108.185001 PG 5 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 933TA UT WOS:000303384400007 PM 22681084 ER PT J AU Chatrchyan, S Khachatryan, V Sirunyan, AM Tumasyan, A Adam, W Bergauer, T Dragicevic, M Ero, J Fabjan, C Friedl, M Fruhwirth, R Ghete, VM Hammer, J Hoch, M Hormann, N Hrubec, J Jeitler, M Kiesenhofer, W Krammer, M Liko, D Mikulec, I Pernicka, M Rahbaran, B Rohringer, C Rohringer, H Schofbeck, R Strauss, J Taurok, A Teischinger, F Wagner, P Waltenberger, W Walzel, G Widl, E Wulz, CE Mossolov, V Shumeiko, N Gonzalez, JS Bansal, S Benucci, L Cornelis, T De Wolf, EA Janssen, X Luyckx, S Maes, T Mucibello, L Ochesanu, S Roland, B Rougny, R Selvaggi, M Van Haevermaet, H Van Mechelen, P Van Remortel, N Van Spilbeeck, A Blekman, F Blyweert, S D'Hondt, J Suarez, RG Kalogeropoulos, A Maes, M Olbrechts, A Van Doninck, W Van Mulders, P Van Onsem, GP Villella, I Charaf, O Clerbaux, B De Lentdecker, G Dero, V Gay, APR Hammad, GH Hreus, T Leonard, A Marage, PE Thomas, L Vander Velde, C Vanlaer, P Wickens, J Adler, V Beernaert, K Cimmino, A Costantini, S Garcia, G Grunewald, M Klein, B Lellouch, J Marinov, A Mccartin, J Rios, AAO Ryckbosch, D Strobbe, N Thyssen, F Tytgat, M Vanelderen, L Verwilligen, P Walsh, S Yazgan, E Zaganidis, N Basegmez, S Bruno, G Caudron, J Ceard, L De Jeneret, JD Delaere, C du Pree, T Favart, D Forthomme, L Giammanco, A Gregoire, G Hollar, J Lemaitre, V Liao, J Militaru, O Nuttens, C Pagano, D Pin, A Piotrzkowski, K Schul, N Beliy, N Caebergs, T Daubie, E Alves, GA Damiao, DD Pol, ME Souza, MHG Alda, WL Carvalho, W Custodio, A Da Costa, EM Martins, CD De Souza, SF Figueiredo, DM Mundim, L Nogima, H Oguri, V Da Silva, WLP Santoro, A Do Amaral, SMS Jorge, LS Sznajder, A Anjos, TS Bernardes, CA Dias, FA Tomei, TRFP Gregores, EM Lagana, C Marinho, F Mercalante, PG Novaes, SF Padula, SS Genchev, V Iaydjiev, P Piperov, S Rodozov, M Stoykova, S Sultanov, G Tcholakov, V Trayanov, R Vutova, M Dimitrov, A Hadjiiska, R Karadzhinova, A Kozhuharov, V Litov, L Pavlov, B Petkov, P Bian, JG Chen, GM Chen, HS Jiang, CH Liang, D Liang, S Meng, X Tao, J Wang, J Wang, J Wang, X Wang, Z Xiao, H Xu, M Zang, J Zhang, Z Asawatangtrakuldee, C Ban, Y Guo, S Guo, Y Li, W Liu, S Mao, Y Qian, SJ Teng, H Wang, S Zhu, B Zou, W Cabrera, A Moreno, BG Oliveros, AFO Sanabria, JC Godinovic, N Lelas, D Plestina, R Polic, D Puljak, I Antunovic, Z Dzelalija, M Kovac, M Brigljevic, V Duric, S Kadija, K Luetic, J Morovic, S Attikis, A Galanti, M Mousa, J Nicolaou, C Ptochos, F Razis, PA Finger, M Finger, M Assran, Y Kamel, AE Khalil, S Mahmoud, MA Radi, A Hektor, A Kadastik, M Muntel, M Raidal, M Rebane, L Tiko, A Azzolini, V Eerola, P Fedi, G Voutilainen, M Czellar, S Harkonen, J Heikkinen, A Karimaki, V Kinnunen, R Kortelainen, MJ Lampen, T Lassila-Perini, K Lehti, S Linden, T Luukka, P Maenpaa, T Peltola, T Tuominen, E Tuominiemi, J Tuovinen, E Ungaro, D Wendland, L Banzuzi, K Korpela, A Tuuva, T Sillou, D Besancon, M Choudhury, S Dejardin, M Denegri, D Fabbro, B Faure, JL Ferri, F Ganjour, S Givernaud, A Gras, P de Monchenault, GH Jarry, P Locci, E Malcles, J Marionneau, M Millischer, L Rander, J Rosowsky, A Shreyber, I Titov, M Baffioni, S Beaudette, F Benhabib, L Bianchini, L Bluj, M Broutin, C Busson, P Charlot, C Daci, N Dahms, T Dobrzynski, L Elgammal, S de Cassagnac, RG Haguenauer, M Mine, P Mironov, C Ochando, C Paganini, P Sabes, D Salerno, R Sirois, Y Thiebaux, C Veelken, C Zabi, A Agram, JL Andrea, J Bloch, D Bodin, D Brom, JM Cardaci, M Chabert, EC Collard, C Conte, E Drouhin, F Ferro, C Fontaine, JC Gele, D Goerlach, U Greder, S Juillot, P Karim, M Le Bihan, AC Van Hove, P Fassi, F Mercier, D Baty, C Beauceron, S Beaupere, N Bedjidian, M Bondu, O Boudoul, G Boumediene, D Brun, H Chasserat, J Chierici, R Contardo, D Depasse, P El Mamouni, H Falkiewicz, A Fay, J Gascon, S Gouzevitch, M Ille, B Kurca, T Le Grand, T Lethuillier, M Mirabito, L Perries, S Sordini, V Tosi, S Tschudi, Y Verdier, P Viret, S Lomidze, D Anagnostou, G Beranek, S Edelhoff, M Feld, L Heracleous, N Hindrichs, O Jussen, R Klein, K Merz, J Ostapchuk, A Perieanu, A Raupach, F Sammet, J Schael, S Sprenger, D Weber, H Wittmer, B Zhukov, V Ata, M Dietz-Laursonn, E Erdmann, M Guth, A Hebbeker, T Heidemann, C Hoepfner, K Klimkovich, T Klingebiel, D Kreuzer, P Lanske, D Lingemann, J Magass, C Merschmeyer, M Meyer, A Olschewski, M Papacz, P Pieta, H Reithler, H Schmitz, SA Sonnenschein, L Steggemann, J Teyssier, D Weber, M Bontenackels, M Cherepanov, V Davids, M Flugge, G Geenen, H Geisler, M Ahmad, WH Hoehle, F Kargoll, B Kress, T Kuessel, Y Linn, A Nowack, A Perchalla, L Pooth, O Rennefeld, J Sauerland, P Stahl, A Tornier, D Zoeller, MH Martin, MA Behrenhoff, W Behrens, U Bergholz, M Bethani, A Borras, K Cakir, A Campbell, A Castro, E Dammann, D Eckerlin, G Eckstein, D Flossdorf, A Flucke, G Geiser, A Hauk, J Jung, H Kasemann, M Katsas, P Kleinwort, C Kluge, H Knutsson, A Kramer, M Krucker, D Kuznetsova, E Lange, W Lohmann, W Lutz, B Mankel, R Marfin, I Marienfeld, M Melzer-Pellmann, IA Meyer, AB Mnich, J Mussgiller, A Naumann-Emme, S Olzem, J Petrukhin, A Pitzl, D Raspereza, A Cipriano, PMR Rosin, M Salfeld-Nebgen, J Schmidt, R Schoerner-Sadenius, T Sen, N Spiridonov, A Stein, M Tomaszewska, J Walsh, R Wissing, C Autermann, C Blobel, V Bobrovskyi, S Draeger, J Enderle, H Erfle, J Gebbert, U Gorner, M Hermanns, T Kaschube, K Kaussen, G Kirschenmann, H Klanner, R Lange, J Mura, B Nowak, F Pietsch, N Sander, C Schettler, H Schleper, P Schlieckau, E Schroder, M Schum, T Stadie, H Steinbuck, G Thomsen, J Barth, C Berger, J Chwalek, T De Boer, W Dierlamm, A Dirkes, G Feindt, M Gruschke, J Guthoff, M Hackstein, C Hartmann, F Heinrich, M Held, H Hoffmann, KH Honc, S Katkov, I Komaragiri, JR Kuhr, T Martschei, D Mueller, S Muller, T Niegel, M Oberst, O Oehler, A Ott, J Peiffer, T Quast, G Rabbertz, K Ratnikov, F Ratnikova, N Renz, M Rocker, S Saout, C Scheurer, A 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CA CMS Collaboration TI Search for large extra dimensions in dimuon and dielectron events in pp collisions at root s=7 TeV SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article DE CMS; Physics; Exotica; Dimuon; Dielectron; ADD; Extra dimensions; Gravitons; Field theories in dimensions other than four ID FERMION-PAIR PRODUCTION; TO-LEADING ORDER; CONTACT INTERACTIONS; E(+)E(-) COLLISIONS; QCD CORRECTIONS; CROSS-SECTION; SCALE GRAVITY; LEP; HERA; DISTRIBUTIONS AB Results are presented from a search for large, extra spatial dimensions in events with either two isolated muons or two isolated electrons. The data are from proton-proton interactions at root s = 7 TeV collected with the CMS detector at the LHC. The size of the data sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of approximately 2 fb(-1). The observed dimuon and dielectron mass spectra are found to be consistent with standard-model expectations. 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Ocampo; Ryckbosch, D.; Strobbe, N.; Thyssen, F.; Tytgat, M.; Vanelderen, L.; Verwilligen, P.; Walsh, S.; Yazgan, E.; Zaganidis, N.] Univ Ghent, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium. [Basegmez, S.; Bruno, G.; Caudron, J.; Ceard, L.; De Jeneret, J. De Favereau; Delaere, C.; du Pree, T.; Favart, D.; Forthomme, L.; Giammanco, A.; Gregoire, G.; Hollar, J.; Lemaitre, V.; Liao, J.; Militaru, O.; Nuttens, C.; Pagano, D.; Pin, A.; Piotrzkowski, K.; Schul, N.] Catholic Univ Louvain, B-1348 Louvain, Belgium. [Beliy, N.; Caebergs, T.; Daubie, E.] Univ Mons, B-7000 Mons, Belgium. [Alves, G. A.; Damiao, D. De Jesus; Pol, M. E.; Souza, M. H. G.] Ctr Brasileiro Pesquisas Fis, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. [Alda Junior, W. L.; Carvalho, W.; Custodio, A.; Da Costa, E. M.; Martins, C. De Oliveira; De Souza, S. Fonseca; Figueiredo, D. Matos; Mundim, L.; Nogima, H.; Oguri, V.; Da Silva, W. L. Prado; Santoro, A.; Do Amaral, S. M. Silva; Jorge, L. Soares; Sznajder, A.] Univ Estado Rio de Janeiro, BR-20550011 Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. [Anjos, T. S.; Bernardes, C. A.; Dias, F. A.; Tomei, T. R. Fernandez Perez; Gregores, E. M.; Lagana, C.; Marinho, F.; Mercalante, P. G.; Novaes, S. F.; Padula, Sandra S.] Univ Estadual Paulista, Inst Fis Teor, BR-01405 Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Genchev, V.; Iaydjiev, P.; Piperov, S.; Rodozov, M.; Stoykova, S.; Sultanov, G.; Tcholakov, V.; Trayanov, R.; Vutova, M.] Inst Nucl Energy Res, Sofia, Bulgaria. [Dimitrov, A.; Hadjiiska, R.; Karadzhinova, A.; Kozhuharov, V.; Litov, L.; Pavlov, B.; Petkov, P.] Univ Sofia, BU-1126 Sofia, Bulgaria. [Bian, J. G.; Chen, G. M.; Chen, H. S.; Jiang, C. H.; Liang, D.; Liang, S.; Meng, X.; Tao, J.; Wang, J.; Wang, X.; Wang, Z.; Xiao, H.; Xu, M.; Zang, J.; Zhang, Z.] Inst High Energy Phys, Beijing 100039, Peoples R China. [Asawatangtrakuldee, C.; Ban, Y.; Guo, S.; Guo, Y.; Li, W.; Liu, S.; Mao, Y.; Qian, S. J.; Teng, H.; Wang, S.; Zhu, B.; Zou, W.] Peking Univ, State Key Lab Nucl Phys & Tech, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China. [Cabrera, A.; Moreno, B. Gomez; Oliveros, A. F. Osorio; Sanabria, J. C.] Univ Los Andes, Bogota, Colombia. [Godinovic, N.; Lelas, D.; Plestina, R.; Polic, D.; Puljak, I.] Tech Univ Split, Split, Croatia. [Antunovic, Z.; Dzelalija, M.; Kovac, M.] Univ Split, Split, Croatia. [Brigljevic, V.; Duric, S.; Kadija, K.; Luetic, J.; Morovic, S.] Rudjer Boskovic Inst, Zagreb, Croatia. [Attikis, A.; Galanti, M.; Mousa, J.; Nicolaou, C.; Ptochos, F.; Razis, P. A.] Univ Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus. [Finger, M.; Finger, M., Jr.] Charles Univ Prague, Prague, Czech Republic. [Assran, Y.; Kamel, A. Ellithi; Khalil, S.; Mahmoud, M. A.; Radi, A.] Acad Sci Res & Technol Arab Republ Egypt, Egyptian Network High Energy Phys, Cairo, Egypt. [Giammanco, A.; Hektor, A.; Kadastik, M.; Muentel, M.; Raidal, M.; Rebane, L.; Tiko, A.] NICPB, Tallinn, Estonia. [Azzolini, V.; Eerola, P.; Fedi, G.; Voutilainen, M.] Univ Helsinki, Dept Phys, Helsinki, Finland. [Czellar, S.; Harkonen, J.; Heikkinen, A.; Karimaki, V.; Kinnunen, R.; Kortelainen, M. J.; Lampen, T.; Lassila-Perini, K.; Lehti, S.; Linden, T.; Luukka, P.; Maenpaa, T.; Peltola, T.; Tuominen, E.; Tuominiemi, J.; Tuovinen, E.; Ungaro, D.; Wendland, L.] Helsinki Inst Phys, Helsinki, Finland. [Banzuzi, K.; Korpela, A.; Tuuva, T.] Lappeenranta Univ Technol, Lappeenranta, Finland. [Sillou, D.] IN2P3 CNRS, Lab Annecyle le Vieux Phys Particules, Annecy Le Vieux, France. [Besancon, M.; Choudhury, S.; Dejardin, M.; Denegri, D.; Fabbro, B.; Faure, J. L.; Ferri, F.; Ganjour, S.; Givernaud, A.; Gras, P.; de Monchenault, G. Hamel; Jarry, P.; Locci, E.; Malcles, J.; Marionneau, M.; Millischer, L.; Rander, J.; Rosowsky, A.; Shreyber, I.; Titov, M.] CEA Saclay, DSM IRFU, Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Plestina, R.; Baffioni, S.; Beaudette, F.; Benhabib, L.; Bianchini, L.; Bluj, M.; Broutin, C.; Busson, P.; Charlot, C.; Daci, N.; Dahms, T.; Dobrzynski, L.; Elgammal, S.; de Cassagnac, R. Granier; Haguenauer, M.; Mine, P.; Mironov, C.; Ochando, C.; Paganini, P.; Sabes, D.; Salerno, R.; Sirois, Y.; Thiebaux, C.; Veelken, C.; Zabi, A.; Bernet, C.] IN2P3 CNRS, Ecole Polytech, Lab Leprince Ringuet, Palaiseau, France. [Agram, J. -L.; Andrea, J.; Bloch, D.; Bodin, D.; Brom, J. -M.; Cardaci, M.; Chabert, E. C.; Collard, C.; Conte, E.; Drouhin, F.; Ferro, C.; Fontaine, J. -C.; Gele, D.; Goerlach, U.; Greder, S.; Juillot, P.; Karim, M.; Le Bihan, A. -C.; Van Hove, P.] Univ Haute Alsace Mulhouse, Univ Strasbourg, CNRS IN2P3, Inst Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien, Strasbourg, France. [Fassi, F.; Mercier, D.] Inst Natl Phys Nucl & Phys Particules IN2P3, Ctr Calcul, Villeurbanne, France. [Baty, C.; Beauceron, S.; Beaupere, N.; Bedjidian, M.; Bondu, O.; Boudoul, G.; Boumediene, D.; Brun, H.; Chasserat, J.; Chierici, R.; Contardo, D.; Depasse, P.; El Mamouni, H.; Falkiewicz, A.; Fay, J.; Gascon, S.; Gouzevitch, M.; Ille, B.; Kurca, T.; Le Grand, T.; Lethuillier, M.; Mirabito, L.; Perries, S.; Sordini, V.; Tosi, S.; Tschudi, Y.; Verdier, P.; Viret, S.] Univ Lyon 1, CNRS IN2P3, Inst Phys Nucl Lyon, Villeurbanne, France. [Lomidze, D.] Tbilisi State Univ, Inst High Energy Phys & Informat, GE-380086 Tbilisi, Rep of Georgia. [Anagnostou, G.; Beranek, S.; Edelhoff, M.; Feld, L.; Heracleous, N.; Hindrichs, O.; Jussen, R.; Klein, K.; Merz, J.; Ostapchuk, A.; Perieanu, A.; Raupach, F.; Sammet, J.; Schael, S.; Sprenger, D.; Weber, H.; Wittmer, B.; Zhukov, V.] Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 1, Aachen, Germany. [Ata, M.; Dietz-Laursonn, E.; Erdmann, M.; Gueth, A.; Hebbeker, T.; Heidemann, C.; Hoepfner, K.; Klimkovich, T.; Klingebiel, D.; Kreuzer, P.; Lanske, D.; Lingemann, J.; Magass, C.; Merschmeyer, M.; Meyer, A.; Olschewski, M.; Papacz, P.; Pieta, H.; Reithler, H.; Schmitz, S. A.; Sonnenschein, L.; Steggemann, J.; Teyssier, D.; Weber, M.] Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys A 3, Aachen, Germany. [Bontenackels, M.; Cherepanov, V.; Davids, M.; Fluegge, G.; Geenen, H.; Geisler, M.; Ahmad, W. Haj; Hoehle, F.; Kargoll, B.; Kress, T.; Kuessel, Y.; Linn, A.; Nowack, A.; Perchalla, L.; Pooth, O.; Rennefeld, J.; Sauerland, P.; Stahl, A.; Tornier, D.; Zoeller, M. H.] Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys B 3, Aachen, Germany. [Martin, M. Aldaya; Behrenhoff, W.; Behrens, U.; Bergholz, M.; Bethani, A.; Borras, K.; Cakir, A.; Campbell, A.; Castro, E.; Dammann, D.; Eckerlin, G.; Eckstein, D.; Flossdorf, A.; Flucke, G.; Geiser, A.; Hauk, J.; Jung, H.; Kasemann, M.; Katsas, P.; Kleinwort, C.; Kluge, H.; Knutsson, A.; Kraemer, M.; Kruecker, D.; Kuznetsova, E.; Lange, W.; Lohmann, W.; Lutz, B.; Mankel, R.; Marfin, I.; Marienfeld, M.; Melzer-Pellmann, I. -A.; Meyer, A. B.; Mnich, J.; Mussgiller, A.; Naumann-Emme, S.; Olzem, J.; Petrukhin, A.; Pitzl, D.; Raspereza, A.; Cipriano, P. M. Ribeiro; Rosin, M.; Salfeld-Nebgen, J.; Schmidt, R.; Schoerner-Sadenius, T.; Sen, N.; Spiridonov, A.; Stein, M.; Tomaszewska, J.; Walsh, R.; Wissing, C.] DESY, Hamburg, Germany. [Autermann, C.; Blobel, V.; Bobrovskyi, S.; Draeger, J.; Enderle, H.; Erfle, J.; Gebbert, U.; Goerner, M.; Hermanns, T.; Kaschube, K.; Kaussen, G.; Kirschenmann, H.; Klanner, R.; Lange, J.; Mura, B.; Nowak, F.; Pietsch, N.; Sander, C.; Schettler, H.; Schleper, P.; Schlieckau, E.; Schroeder, M.; Schum, T.; Stadie, H.; Steinbrueck, G.; Thomsen, J.] Univ Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany. [Barth, C.; Berger, J.; Chwalek, T.; De Boer, W.; Dierlamm, A.; Dirkes, G.; Feindt, M.; Gruschke, J.; Guthoff, M.; Hackstein, C.; Hartmann, F.; Heinrich, M.; Held, H.; Hoffmann, K. H.; Honc, S.; Katkov, I.; Komaragiri, J. R.; Kuhr, T.; Martschei, D.; Mueller, S.; Mueller, Th.; Niegel, M.; Oberst, O.; Oehler, A.; Ott, J.; Peiffer, T.; Quast, G.; Rabbertz, K.; Ratnikov, F.; Ratnikova, N.; Renz, M.; Roecker, S.; Saout, C.; Scheurer, A.; Schieferdecker, P.; Schilling, F. -P.; Schmanau, M.; Schott, G.; Simonis, H. J.; Stober, F. M.; Troendle, D.; Wagner-Kuhr, J.; Weiler, T.; Zeise, M.; Ziebarth, E. B.] Inst Expt Kernphys, Karlsruhe, Germany. [Daskalakis, G.; Geralis, T.; Kesisoglou, S.; Kyriakis, A.; Loukas, D.; Manolakos, I.; Markou, A.; Markou, C.; Mavrommatis, C.; Ntomari, E.; Petrakou, E.] Inst Nucl Phys Demokritos, Aghia Paraskevi, Greece. [Gouskos, L.; Mertzimekis, T. J.; Panagiotou, A.; Saoulidou, N.; Stiliaris, E.; Sphicas, P.] Univ Athens, Athens, Greece. [Evangelou, I.; Foudas, C.; Kokkas, P.; Manthos, N.; Papadopoulos, I.; Patras, V.; Triantis, F. A.] Univ Ioannina, GR-45110 Ioannina, Greece. [Aranyi, A.; Bencze, G.; Boldizsar, L.; Hajdu, C.; Hidas, P.; Horvath, D.; Kapusi, A.; Krajczar, K.; Sikler, F.; Vesztergombi, G.] KFKI Res Inst Particle & Nucl Phys, Budapest, Hungary. [Horvath, D.; Beni, N.; Molnar, J.; Palinkas, J.; Szillasi, Z.; Veszpremi, V.] Inst Nucl Res ATOMKI, Debrecen, Hungary. [Karancsi, J.; Raics, P.; Trocsanyi, Z. L.; Ujvari, B.] Univ Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary. [Beri, S. B.; Bhatnagar, V.; Dhingra, N.; Gupta, R.; Jindal, M.; Kaur, M.; Kohli, J. M.; Mehta, M. Z.; Nishu, N.; Saini, L. K.; Sharma, A.; Singh, A. P.; Singh, J.; Singh, S. P.] Panjab Univ, Chandigarh 160014, India. [Ahuja, S.; Choudhary, B. C.; Kumar, A.; Malhotra, S.; Naimuddin, M.; Ranjan, K.; Sharma, V.; Shivpuri, R. K.] Univ Delhi, Delhi 110007, India. [Banerjee, S.; Bhattacharya, S.; Dutta, S.; Gomber, B.; Jain, S.; Khurana, R.; Sarkar, S.] Saha Inst Nucl Phys, Kolkata, India. [Choudhury, R. K.; Dutta, D.; Kailas, S.; Kumar, V.; Mohanty, A. K.; Pant, L. M.; Shukla, P.] Bhabha Atom Res Ctr, Bombay 400085, Maharashtra, India. [Aziz, T.; Ganguly, S.; Guchait, M.; Gurtu, A.; Maity, M.; Majumder, D.; Majumder, G.; Mazumdar, K.; Mohanty, G. B.; Parida, B.; Saha, A.; Sudhakar, K.; Wickramage, N.] Tata Inst Fundamental Res EHEP, Bombay, Maharashtra, India. [Banerjee, S.; Guchait, M.; Dugad, S.; Mondal, N. K.] Tata Inst Fundamental Res HECR, Bombay, Maharashtra, India. [Arfaei, H.; Bakhshiansohi, H.; Etesami, S. M.; Fahim, A.; Hashemi, M.; Hesari, H.; Jafari, A.; Khakzad, M.; Mohammadi, A.; Najafabadi, M. Mohammadi; Mehdiabadi, S. Paktinat; Safarzadeh, B.; Zeinali, M.] Inst Res Fundamental Sci IPM, Tehran, Iran. [Abbrescia, M.; Barbone, L.; Calabria, C.; Chhibra, S. S.; Colaleo, A.; Creanza, D.; De Filippis, N.; De Palma, M.; Fiore, L.; Iaselli, G.; Lusito, L.; Maggi, G.; Maggi, M.; Manna, N.; Marangelli, B.; My, S.; Nuzzo, S.; Pacifico, N.; Pompili, A.; Pugliese, G.; Romano, F.; Selvaggi, G.; Silvestris, L.; Singh, G.; Tupputi, S.; Zito, G.] INFN Sez Ban, Bari, Italy. [Abbrescia, M.; Barbone, L.; Calabria, C.; Chhibra, S. S.; Colaleo, A.; De Palma, M.; Lusito, L.; Manna, N.; Marangelli, B.; Nuzzo, S.; Pacifico, N.; Pompili, A.; Selvaggi, G.; Singh, G.; Tupputi, S.] Univ Bari, Bari, Italy. [Creanza, D.; De Filippis, N.; Iaselli, G.; Maggi, G.; My, S.; Pugliese, G.; Romano, F.] Politecn Bari, Bari, Italy. [Abbiendi, G.; Benvenuti, A. C.; Bonacorsi, D.; Braibant-Giacomelli, S.; Brigliadori, L.; Capiluppi, P.; Castro, A.; Cavallo, F. R.; Cuffiani, M.; Dallavalle, G. M.; Fabbri, F.; Fanfani, A.; Fasanella, D.; Giacomelli, P.; Grandi, C.; Marcellini, S.; Masetti, G.; Meneghelli, M.; Montanari, A.; Navarria, F. L.; Odorici, F.; Perrotta, A.; Primavera, F.; Rossi, A. M.; Rovelli, T.; Siroli, G.; Travaglini, R.] INFN Sez Bologna, Bologna, Italy. [Braibant-Giacomelli, S.; Capiluppi, P.; Castro, A.; Cuffiani, M.; Fanfani, A.; Meneghelli, M.; Navarria, F. L.; Rossi, A. M.; Rovelli, T.; Siroli, G.; Travaglini, R.] Univ Bologna, Bologna, Italy. [Albergo, S.; Cappello, G.; Chiorboli, M.; Costa, S.; Potenza, R.; Tricomi, A.; Tuve, C.] INFN Sez Catania, Catania, Italy. [Albergo, S.; Cappello, G.; Chiorboli, M.; Costa, S.; Potenza, R.; Tricomi, A.; Tuve, C.] Univ Catania, Catania, Italy. [Barbagli, G.; Ciulli, V.; Civinini, C.; D'Alessandro, R.; Focardi, E.; Frosali, S.; Gallo, E.; Gonzi, S.; Meschini, M.; Paoletti, S.; Sguazzoni, G.; Tropiano, A.] INFN Sez Firenze, Florence, Italy. [Ciulli, V.; D'Alessandro, R.; Focardi, E.; Frosali, S.; Gonzi, S.] Univ Florence, Florence, Italy. [Fabbri, F.; Benussi, L.; Bianco, S.; Colafranceschi, S.; Piccolo, D.] INFN Lab Nazl Frascati, Frascati, Italy. [Fabbricatore, P.; Musenich, R.] INFN Sez Genova, Genoa, Italy. [Benaglia, A.; De Guio, F.; Di Matteo, L.; Gennai, S.; Ghezzi, A.; Malvezzi, S.; Martelli, A.; Massironi, A.; Menasce, D.; Moroni, L.; Paganoni, M.; Pedrini, D.; Ragazzi, S.; Redaelli, N.; Sala, S.; de Fatis, T. Tabarelli] INFN Sez Milano Bicocca, Milan, Italy. [Benaglia, A.; De Guio, F.; Di Matteo, L.; Ghezzi, A.; Martelli, A.; Massironi, A.; Paganoni, M.; Ragazzi, S.; de Fatis, T. Tabarelli] Univ Milano Bicocca, Milan, Italy. [Buontempo, S.; Montoya, C. A. Carrillo; Cavallo, N.; De Cosa, A.; Dogangun, O.; Fabozzi, F.; Lorio, A. O. M.; Lista, L.; Merola, M.; Paolucci, P.] INFN Sez Napoli, Naples, Italy. [De Cosa, A.; Dogangun, O.; Merola, M.] Univ Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy. [Azzi, P.; Bacchetta, N.; Bellan, P.; Bisello, D.; Branca, A.; Carlin, R.; Checchia, P.; Dorigo, T.; Dosselli, U.; Fanzago, F.; Gasparini, F.; Gasparini, U.; Gozzelino, A.; Lacaprara, S.; Lazzizzera, I.; Margoni, M.; Mazzucato, M.; Meneguzzo, A. T.; Nespolo, M.; Perrozzi, L.; Pozzobon, N.; Ronchese, P.; Simonetto, F.; Torassa, E.; Tosi, M.; Vanini, S.; Zotto, P.; Zumerle, G.] INFN Sez Padova, Padua, Italy. [Bellan, P.; Bisello, D.; Carlin, R.; Gasparini, F.; Gasparini, U.; Margoni, M.; Meneguzzo, A. T.; Pozzobon, N.; Ronchese, P.; Simonetto, F.; Tosi, M.; Vanini, S.; Zotto, P.; Zumerle, G.] Univ Padua, Padua, Italy. [Lazzizzera, I.] Univ Trento, Padua, Italy. [Baesso, P.; Berzano, U.; Ratti, S. P.; Riccardi, C.; Torre, P.; Vitulo, P.; Viviani, C.] INFN Sez Pavia, Pavia, Italy. [Baesso, P.; Ratti, S. P.; Riccardi, C.; Torre, P.; Vitulo, P.; Viviani, C.] Univ Pavia, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. [Biasini, M.; Bilei, G. M.; Caponeri, B.; Fano, L.; Lariccia, P.; Lucaroni, A.; Mantovani, G.; Menichelli, M.; Nappi, A.; Romeo, F.; Santocchia, A.; Taroni, S.; Valdata, M.; Pioppi, M.] INFN Sez Perugia, Perugia, Italy. [Biasini, M.; Caponeri, B.; Fano, L.; Lariccia, P.; Lucaroni, A.; Mantovani, G.; Nappi, A.; Romeo, F.; Santocchia, A.; Taroni, S.; Valdata, M.] Univ Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy. [Azzurri, P.; Bagliesi, G.; Boccali, T.; Broccolo, G.; Castaldi, R.; D'Agnolo, R. T.; Dell'Orso, R.; Fiori, F.; Foa, L.; Giassi, A.; Kraan, A.; Ligabue, F.; Lomtadze, T.; Martini, L.; Messineo, A.; Palla, F.; Palmonari, F.; Rizzi, A.; Segneri, G.; Serban, A. T.; Spagnolo, P.; Tenchini, R.; Tonelli, G.; Venturi, A.; Verdini, P. G.] INFN Sez Pisa, Pisa, Italy. [Fiori, F.; Messineo, A.; Tonelli, G.] Univ Pisa, Pisa, Italy. [Azzurri, P.; Broccolo, G.; D'Agnolo, R. T.; Foa, L.; Ligabue, F.; Roland, G.] Scuola Normale Super Pisa, Pisa, Italy. [Barone, L.; Cavallari, F.; Del Re, D.; Diemoz, M.; Fanelli, C.; Franci, D.; Grassi, M.; Longo, E.; Meridiani, P.; Micheli, F.; Nourbakhsh, S.; Organtini, G.; Pandolfi, F.; Paramatti, R.; Rahatlou, S.; Sigamani, M.] INFN Sez Roma, Rome, Italy. [Barone, L.; Del Re, D.; Franci, D.; Longo, E.; Organtini, G.; Pandolfi, F.; Rahatlou, S.; Rovelli, C.] Univ Roma La Sapienza, INFN Sez Roma, Rome, Italy. [Amapane, N.; Arcidiacono, R.; Argiro, S.; Arneodo, M.; Biino, C.; Botta, C.; Cartiglia, N.; Castello, R.; Costa, M.; Demaria, N.; Graziano, A.; Mariotti, C.; Maselli, S.; Migliore, E.; Monaco, V.; Musich, M.; Obertino, M. M.; Pastrone, N.; Pelliccioni, M.; Potenza, A.; Romero, A.; Ruspa, M.; Sacchi, R.; Sola, V.; Staiano, A.; Pereira, A. Vilela] INFN Sez Torino, Turin, Italy. [Amapane, N.; Argiro, S.; Botta, C.; Castello, R.; Costa, M.; Graziano, A.; Migliore, E.; Monaco, V.; Potenza, A.; Romero, A.; Sacchi, R.; Sola, V.; Solano, A.] Univ Turin, Turin, Italy. [Arcidiacono, R.; Arneodo, M.; Obertino, M. M.; Ruspa, M.] Univ Piemonte Orientcle Novara, Turin, Italy. [Belforte, S.; Cossutti, F.; Della Ricca, G.; Gobbo, B.; Marone, M.; Montanino, D.; Penzo, A.] INFN Sez Trieste, Trieste, Italy. [Della Ricca, G.; Marone, M.; Montanino, D.] Univ Trieste, Trieste, Italy. [Heo, S. G.; Nam, S. K.] Kangwon Natl Univ, Chunchon, South Korea. [Chang, S.; Chung, J.; Kim, D. H.; Kim, G. N.; Kim, J. E.; Kong, D. J.; Park, H.; Ro, S. R.; Son, D. C.; Kamon, T.] Kyungpook Natl Univ, Taejon, South Korea. [Kim, J. Y.; Kim, Zero J.; Song, S.] Chonnam Natl Univ, Inst Universe & Elementary Particles, Kwangju, South Korea. [Jo, H. Y.] Konkuk Univ, Seoul, South Korea. [Choi, S.; Gyun, D.; Hong, B.; Jo, M.; Kim, H.; Kim, T. J.; Lee, K. S.; Moon, D. H.; Park, S. K.; Seo, E.; Sim, K. S.] Korea Univ, Seoul, South Korea. [Kim, H.; Choi, M.; Kang, S.; Kim, J. H.; Park, C.; Park, I. C.; Park, S.; Ryu, G.] Univ Seoul, Seoul, South Korea. [Cho, Y.; Choi, Y.; Choi, Y. K.; Goh, J.; Kim, M. S.; Lee, B.; Lee, J.; Lee, S.; Seo, H.; Yu, I.] Sungkyunkwan Univ, Suwon, South Korea. [Blinskas, M. J.; Grigelionis, I.; Janulis, M.] Vilnius Univ, Vilnius, Lithuania. [Castilla-Valdez, H.; De La Cruz-Burelo, E.; Heredia-de La Cruz, I.; Lopez-Fernandez, R.; Villalba, R. Magana; Martinez-Ortega, J.; Sanchez-Hernandez, A.; Villasenor-Cendejas, L. M.] IPN, Ctr Invest & Estudios Avanzados, Mexico City 07738, DF, Mexico. [Moreno, S. Carrillo; Valencia, F. Vazquez] Univ lberoamericana, Mexico City, DF, Mexico. [Ibarguen, H. A. Salazar] Benemerita Univ Autonoma, Puebla, Mexico. [Linares, E. Casimiro; Pineda, A. Morelos; Reyes-Santos, M. A.] Univ Autonoma San Luis Potosi, San Luis Potosi, Mexico. [Krofcheck, D.] Univ Auckland, Auckland 1, New Zealand. [Bell, A. J.; Butler, P. H.; Doesburg, R.; Reucroft, S.; Silverwood, H.] Univ Canterbury, Christchurch 1, New Zealand. [Ahmad, M.; Asghar, M. I.; Hoorani, H. R.; Khalid, S.; Khan, W. A.; Khurshid, T.; Qazi, S.; Shah, M. A.; Shoaib, M.] Quaid I Azam Univ, Natl Ctr Phys, Islamabad, Pakistan. [Brona, G.; Cwiok, M.; Dominik, W.; Doroba, K.; Kalinowski, A.; Konecki, M.; Krolikowski, J.] Univ Warsaw, Fac Phys, Inst Expt Phys, Warsaw, Poland. [Bluj, M.; Bialkowska, H.; Boimska, B.; Frueboes, T.; Gokieli, R.; Gorski, M.; Kazana, M.; Nawrocki, K.; Romanowska-Rybinska, K.; Szleper, M.; Wrochna, G.; Zalewski, P.] Soltan Inst Nucl Studies, PL-00681 Warsaw, Poland. [Almeida, N.; Bargassa, P.; David, A.; Faccioli, P.; Ferreira Parracho, P. G.; Gallinaro, M.; Musella, P.; Nayak, A.; Pela, J.; Ribeiro, P. Q.; Seixas, J.; Varela, J.; Vischia, P.] Lab Instrumentacao & Fis Expt Particulas, Lisbon, Portugal. [Belotelov, I.; Golutvin, I.; Gorbounov, N.; Gramenitski, I.; Kamenev, A.; Karjavin, V.; Korenkov, V.; Kozlov, G.; Lanev, A.; Moisenz, P.; Palichik, V.; Perelygin, V.; Savina, M.; Shmatov, S.; Smirnov, V.; Tikhonenko, E.; Zarubin, A.] Joint Inst Nucl Res, Dubna, Russia. [Evstyukhin, S.; Golovtsov, V.; Ivanov, Y.; Kim, V.; Levchenko, P.; Murzin, V.; Oreshkin, V.; Smirnov, I.; Sulimov, V.; Uvarov, L.; Vavilov, S.; Vorobyev, A.; Vorobyev, An.] Petersburg Nucl Phys Inst, St Petersburg, Russia. [Andreev, Yu.; Dermenev, A.; Gninenko, S.; Golubev, N.; Kirsanov, M.; Krasnikov, N.; Matveev, V.; Pashenkov, A.; Toropin, A.; Troitsky, S.; Musienko, Y.] Inst Nucl Res, Moscow, Russia. [Epshteyn, V.; Erofeeva, M.; Gavrilov, V.; Kossov, M.; Krokhotin, A.; Lychkovskaya, N.; Popov, V.; Safronov, G.; Semenov, S.; Stolin, V.; Vlasov, E.; Zhokin, A.; Starodumov, A.] Inst Theoret & Expt Phys, Moscow 117259, Russia. [Katkov, I.; Belyaev, A.; Boos, E.; Dubinin, M.; Dudko, L.; Ershov, A.; Gribushin, A.; Kodolova, O.; Lokhtin, I.; Markina, A.; Obraztsov, S.; Perfilov, M.; Petrushanko, S.; Sarycheva, L.; Savrin, V.; Snigirev, A.] Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Moscow, Russia. [Andreev, V.; Azarkin, M.; Dremin, I.; Kirakosyan, M.; Leonidov, A.; Mesyats, G.; Rusakov, S. V.; Vinogradov, A.] PN Lebedev Phys Inst, Moscow, Russia. [Azhgirey, I.; Bayshev, I.; Bitioukov, S.; Grishin, V.; Kachanov, V.; Konstantinov, D.; Korablev, A.; Krychkine, V.; Petrov, V.; Ryutin, R.; Sobol, A.; Tourtchanovitch, L.; Troshin, S.; Tyurin, N.; Uzunian, A.; Volkov, A.] State Res Ctr Russian Federat, Inst High Energy Phys, Protvino, Russia. [Adzic, P.; Djordjevic, M.; Ekmedzic, M.; Krpic, D.; Milosevic, J.] Univ Belgrade, Fac Phys, Belgrade 11001, Serbia. [Adzic, P.; Djordjevic, M.; Ekmedzic, M.; Krpic, D.; Milosevic, J.; Milenovic, P.] Univ Belgrade, Vinca Inst Nucl Sci, Belgrade, Serbia. [Aguilar-Benitez, M.; Maestre, J. Alcaraz; Arce, P.; Battilana, C.; Calvo, E.; Cerrada, M.; Llatas, M. Chamizo; Colino, N.; De La Cruz, B.; Pens, A. Delgado; Pardos, C. Diez; Vazquez, D. Dominguez; Bedoya, C. Fernandez; Ramos, J. P. Fernandez; Ferrando, A.; Flix, J.; Fouz, M. C.; Garcia-Abia, P.; Lopez, O. Gonzalez; Lopez, S. Goy; Hernandez, J. M.; Josa, M. I.; Merino, G.; Pelayo, J. Puerta; Redondo, I.; Romero, L.; Santaolalla, J.; Soares, M. S.; Willmott, C.] CIEMAT, Madrid, Spain. [Albajar, C.; Codispoti, G.; de Troconiz, J. F.] Univ Autonoma Madrid, Madrid, Spain. [Cuevas, J.; Menendez, J. Fernandez; Folgueras, S.; Caballero, I. Gonzalez; Iglesias, L. Lloret; Garcia, J. M. Vizan] Univ Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain. [Cifuentes, J. A. Brochero; Cabrillo, I. J.; Calderon, A.; Chuang, S. H.; Campderros, J. Duarte; Felcini, M.; Fernandez, M.; Sanchez, J. Gonzalez; Jorda, C.; Pardo, P. Lobelle; Virto, A. Lopez; Marco, J.; Marco, R.; Rivero, C. Martinez; Matorras, F.; Sanchez, F. J. Munoz; Gomez, J. Piedra; Rodrigo, T.; Rodriguez-Marrero, A. Y.; Ruiz-Jimeno, A.; Scodellaro, L.; Sanudo, M. Sobron; Vila, I.; Cortabitarte, R. Vilar] CSIC Univ Cantabria, Inst Fis Cantabria IFCA, Santander, Spain. [Bertl, W.; Deiters, K.; Erdmann, W.; Gabathuler, K.; Horisberger, R.; Ingram, Q.; Kaestli, H. C.; Koenig, S.; Kotlinski, D.; Langenegger, U.; Meier, F.; Renker, D.; Rohe, T.; Sibille, J.; Naegeli, C.] Paul Scherrer Inst, Villigen, Switzerland. [Baeni, L.; Buchmann, M. A.; Casal, B.; Chanon, N.; Chen, Z.; Deisher, A.; Dissertori, G.; Dittmar, M.; Duenser, M.; Eugster, J.; Freudenreich, K.; Grab, C.; Lecomte, P.; Lustermann, W.; del Arbol, P. Martinez Ruiz; Mohr, N.; Moortgat, F.; Naegeli, C.; Nef, P.; Nessi-Tedaldi, F.; Pape, L.; Pauss, F.; Peruzzi, M.; Ronga, F. J.; Rossini, M.; Sala, L.; Sanchez, A. K.; Sawley, M. -C.; Starodumov, A.; Stieger, B.; Takahashi, M.; Tauscher, L.; Thea, A.; Theofilatos, K.; Treille, D.; Urscheler, C.; Wallny, R.; Weber, H. A.; Wehrli, L.; Weng, J.] Swiss Fed Inst Technol, Inst Particle Phys, Zurich, Switzerland. [Aguilo, E.; Amsler, C.; Chiochia, V.; De Visscher, S.; Favaro, C.; Rikova, M. Ivova; Mejias, B. Millan; Otiougova, P.; Robmann, P.; Schmidt, A.; Snoek, H.; Verzetti, M.] Univ Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland. [Chang, Y. H.; Chen, K. H.; Kuo, C. M.; Li, S. W.; Lin, W.; Liu, Z. K.; Lu, Y. J.; Mekterovic, D.; Volpe, R.; Yu, S. S.] Natl Cent Univ, Chungli 32054, Taiwan. [Chang, Y. H.; Bartalini, P.; Chang, P.; Chang, Y. W.; Chao, Y.; Chen, K. F.; Dietz, C.; Grundler, U.; Hou, W. -S.; Hsiung, Y.; Kao, K. Y.; Lei, Y. J.; Lu, R. -S.; Shi, X.; Shiu, J. G.; Tzeng, Y. M.; Wan, X.; Wang, M.] NTU, Taipei, Taiwan. [Adiguzel, A.; Bakirci, M. N.; Cerci, S.; Dozen, C.; Dumanoglu, I.; Eskut, E.; Girgis, S.; Gokbulut, G.; Hos, I.; Kangal, E. E.; Karapinar, G.; Topaksu, A. Kayis; Onengut, G.; Ozdemir, K.; Ozturk, S.; Polatoz, A.; Sogut, K.; Cerci, D. Sunar; Tali, B.; Topakli, H.; Uzun, D.; Vergili, L. N.; Vergili, M.] Cukurova Univ, Adana, Turkey. [Akin, I. V.; Aliev, T.; Bilin, B.; Deniz, M.; Gamsizkan, H.; Guler, A. M.; Ocalan, K.; Ozpineci, A.; Serin, M.; Sever, R.; Surat, U. E.; Yalvac, M.; Yildirim, E.; Zeyrek, M.] Middle E Tech Univ, Dept Phys, TR-06531 Ankara, Turkey. [Deliomeroglu, M.; Gulmez, E.; Isildak, B.; Kaya, M.; Ozkorucuklu, S.; Sonmez, N.] Bogazici Univ, Istanbul, Turkey. [Levchuk, L.] Natl Sci Ctr, Kharkov Inst Phys & Technol, Kharkov, Ukraine. [Bostock, F.; Brooke, J. J.; Clement, E.; Cussans, D.; Flacher, H.; Frazier, R.; Goldstein, J.; Grimes, M.; Heath, G. P.; Heath, H. F.; Kreczko, L.; Metson, S.; Newbold, D. M.; Nirunpong, K.; Poll, A.; Senkin, S.; Smith, V. J.; Williams, T.] Univ Bristol, Bristol, Avon, England. [Belyaev, A.; Worm, S. D.; Basso, L.; Bell, K. W.; Brew, C.; Brown, R. M.; Cockerill, D. J. A.; Coughlan, J. A.; Harder, K.; Harper, S.; Jackson, J.; Kennedy, B. W.; Olaiya, E.; Petyt, D.; Radburn-Smith, B. C.; Shepherd-Thernistocleous, C. H.; Tomalin, I. R.; Womersley, W. J.] Rutherford Appleton Lab, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. [Bainbridge, R.; Ball, G.; Beuselinck, R.; Buchmuller, O.; Colling, D.; Cripps, N.; Cutajar, M.; Dauncey, P.; Davies, G.; Della Negra, M.; Ferguson, W.; Fulcher, J.; Futyan, D.; Gilbert, A.; Bryer, A. Guneratne; Hall, G.; Hatherell, Z.; Hays, J.; Iles, G.; Jarvis, M.; Karapostoli, G.; Lyons, L.; Magnan, A. -M.; Marrouche, J.; Mathias, B.; Nandi, R.; Nash, J.; Nikitenko, A.; Papageorgiou, A.; Pesaresi, M.; Petridis, K.; Pioppi, M.; Raymond, D. M.; Rogerson, S.; Rompotis, N.; Rose, A.; Ryan, M. J.; Seez, C.; Sharp, P.; Sparrow, A.; Tapper, A.; Tourneur, S.; Acosta, M. Vazquez; Virdee, T.; Wakefield, S.; Wardle, N.; Wardrope, D.; Whyntie, T.] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, London, England. [Barrett, M.; Chadwick, M.; Cole, J. E.; Hobson, P. R.; Khan, A.; Kyberd, P.; Leslie, D.; Martin, W.; Reid, I. D.; Symonds, P.; Teodorescu, L.; Turner, M.] Brunel Univ, Uxbridge UB8 3PH, Middx, England. [Hatakeyama, K.; Liu, H.; Scarborough, T.] Baylor Univ, Waco, TX 76798 USA. [Henderson, C.] Univ Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL USA. [Avetisyan, A.; Bose, T.; Jarrin, E. Carrera; Fantasia, C.; Heister, A.; John, J. St.; Lawson, P.; Lazic, D.; Rohlf, J.; Sperka, D.; Sulak, L.] Boston Univ, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Bhattacharya, S.; Cutts, D.; Ferapontov, A.; Heintz, U.; Jabeen, S.; Kukartsev, G.; Landsberg, G.; Luk, M.; Narain, M.; Nguyen, D.; Segala, M.; Sinthuprasith, T.; Speer, T.; Tsang, K. V.] Brown Univ, Providence, RI 02912 USA. [Breedon, R.; Breto, G.; Sanchez, M. Calderon De la Barca; Caulfield, M.; Chauhan, S.; Chertok, M.; Conway, J.; Conway, R.; Cox, P. T.; Dolen, J.; Erbacher, R.; Gardner, M.; Houtz, R.; Ko, W.; Kopecky, A.; Lander, R.; Mall, O.; Miceli, T.; Nelson, R.; Pellett, D.; Robles, J.; Rutherford, B.; Searle, M.; Smith, J.; Squires, M.; Tripathi, M.; Sierra, R. Vasquez] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Weber, M.; Andreev, V.; Felcini, M.; Arisaka, K.; Cline, D.; Cousins, R.; Duris, J.; Erhan, S.; Everaerts, P.; Farrell, C.; Hauser, J.; Ignatenko, M.; Jarvis, C.; Plager, C.; Rakness, G.; Schlein, P.; Tucker, J.; Valuev, V.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Liu, H.; Babb, J.; Clare, R.; Ellison, J.; Gary, J. W.; Giordano, F.; Hanson, G.; Jeng, G. Y.; Long, O. R.; Luthra, A.; Nguyen, H.; Pararnesvaran, S.; Sturdy, J.; Sumowidagdo, S.; Wilken, R.; Wimpenny, S.] Univ Calif Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Sharma, V.; Andrews, W.; Branson, J. G.; Cerati, G. B.; Cittolin, S.; Evans, D.; Golf, F.; Holzner, A.; Kelley, R.; Lebourgeois, M.; Letts, J.; Macneill, I.; Mangano, B.; Padhi, S.; Palmer, C.; Petrucciani, G.; Pi, H.; Pieri, M.; Ranieri, R.; Sani, M.; Sfiligoi, I.; Simon, S.; Sudano, E.; Tadel, M.; Tu, Y.; Vartak, A.; Wasserbaech, S.; Wuerthwein, F.; Yagil, A.; Yoo, J.] Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Barge, D.; Bellan, R.; Campagnari, C.; D'Alfonso, M.; Danielson, T.; Flowers, K.; Geffert, P.; Incandela, J.; Justus, C.; Kalavase, P.; Koay, S. A.; Kovalskyi, D.; Krutelyov, V.; Lowette, S.; Mccoll, N.; Pavlunin, V.; Rebassoo, F.; Ribnik, J.; Richman, J.; Rossin, R.; Stuart, D.; To, W.; Vlimant, J. R.; West, C.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. [Dias, F. A.; Spiropulu, M.; Apresyan, A.; Bornheim, A.; Bunn, J.; Chen, Y.; Di Marco, E.; Duarte, J.; Gataullin, M.; Ma, Y.; Mott, A.; Newman, H. B.; Rogan, C.; Timciuc, V.; Traczyk, P.; Veverka, J.; Wilkinson, R.; Yang, Y.; Zhu, R. Y.] CALTECH, Pasadena, CA USA. [Akgun, B.; Carroll, R.; Ferguson, T.; Iiyama, Y.; Fang, D. W.; Jun, S. Y.; Liu, Y. F.; Paulini, M.; Russ, J.; Vogel, H.; Vorobiev, I.] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. [Cumalat, J. P.; Dinardo, M. E.; Drell, B. R.; Edelmaier, C. J.; Ford, W. T.; Gaz, A.; Heyburn, B.; Lopez, E. Luiggi; Nauenberg, U.; Smith, J. G.; Stenson, K.; Ulmer, K. A.; Wagner, S. R.; Zang, S. L.] Univ Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO USA. [Agostino, L.; Alexander, J.; Chatterjee, A.; Eggert, N.; Gibbons, L. K.; Heltsley, B.; Hopkins, W.; Khukhunaishvili, A.; Kreis, B.; Mirman, N.; Kaufman, G. Nicolas; Patterson, J. R.; Puigh, D.; Ryd, A.; Salvati, E.; Sun, W.; Teo, W. D.; Thom, J.; Thompson, J.; Vaughan, J.; Weng, Y.; Winstrom, L.; Wittich, P.] Cornell Univ, Ithaca, NY USA. [Biselli, A.; Cirino, G.; Winn, D.] Fairfield Univ, Fairfield, CT 06430 USA. [Abdullin, S.; Albrow, M.; Anderson, J.; Apollinari, G.; Atac, M.; Bakken, J. A.; Bauerdick, L. A. T.; Beretvas, A.; Berryhill, J.; Bhat, P. C.; Bloch, I.; Burkett, K.; Butler, J. N.; Chetluru, V.; Cheung, H. W. K.; Chlebana, F.; Cihangir, S.; Cooper, W.; Eartly, D. P.; Elvira, V. D.; Esen, S.; Fisk, I.; Freeman, J.; Gao, Y.; Gottschalk, E.; Green, D.; Gutsche, O.; Hanlon, J.; Harris, R. M.; Hirschauer, J.; Hooberman, B.; Jensen, H.; Jindariani, S.; Johnson, M.; Joshi, U.; Klima, B.; Kunori, S.; Kwan, S.; Leonidopoulos, C.; Lincoln, D.; Lipton, R.; Lykken, J.; Maeshima, K.; Marraffino, J. M.; Maruyama, S.; Mason, D.; McBride, P.; Miao, T.; Mishra, K.; Mrenna, S.; Musienko, Y.; Newman-Holmes, C.; O'Dell, V.; Pivarski, J.; Pordes, R.; Prokofyev, O.; Schwarz, T.; Sexton-Kennedy, E.; Sharma, S.; Spalding, W. J.; Spiegel, L.; Tan, P.; Taylor, L.; Tkaczyk, S.; Uplegger, L.; Vaandering, E. W.; Vidal, R.; Whitmore, J.; Wu, W.; Yang, F.; Yumiceva, F.; Yun, J. C.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. [Chen, G. M.; Gomez, J. Piedra; Acosta, D.; Avery, P.; Bourilkov, D.; Das, S.; De Gruttola, M.; Di Giovanni, G. P.; Dobur, D.; Drozdetskiy, A.; Field, R. D.; Fisher, M.; Fu, Y.; Furic, I. K.; Gartner, J.; Goldberg, S.; Hugon, J.; Kim, B.; Konigsberg, J.; Korytov, A.; Kropivnitskaya, A.; Kypreos, T.; Low, J. F.; Matchev, K.; Milenovic, P.; Mitselmakher, G.; Muniz, L.; Remington, R.; Rinkevicius, A.; Schmitt, M.; Scurlock, B.; Sellers, P.; Skhirtladze, N.; Snowball, M.; Wang, D.; Yelton, J.; Zakaria, M.] Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL USA. [Gaultney, V.; Lebolo, L. M.; Linn, S.; Markowitz, P.; Martinez, G.; Rodriguez, J. L.] Florida Int Univ, Miami, FL 33199 USA. [Adams, T.; Askew, A.; Bochenek, J.; Chen, J.; Diamond, B.; Gleyzer, S. V.; Haas, J.; Hagopian, S.; Hagopian, V.; Jenkins, M.; Johnson, K. F.; Prosper, H.; Sekmen, S.; Veeraraghavan, V.; Weinberg, M.] Florida State Univ, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. [Baarmand, M. M.; Dorney, B.; Hohlmann, M.; Kalakhety, H.; Vodopiyanov, I.] Florida Inst Technol, Melbourne, FL 32901 USA. [Adams, M. R.; Anghel, I. M.; Apanasevich, L.; Bai, Y.; Bazterra, V. E.; Betts, R. R.; Callner, J.; Cavanaugh, R.; Dragoiu, C.; Gauthier, L.; Gerber, C. E.; Hofman, D. J.; Khalatyan, S.; Kunde, G. J.; Lacroix, F.; Malek, M.; O'Brien, C.; Silkworth, C.; Silvestre, C.; Strom, D.; Varelas, N.] UIC, Chicago, IL USA. [Ozturk, S.; Akgun, U.; Albayrak, E. A.; Bilki, B.; Clarida, W.; Duru, F.; Griffiths, S.; Lae, C. K.; McCliment, E.; Merlo, J. -P.; Mermerkaya, H.; Mestvirishvili, A.; Moeller, A.; Nachtman, J.; Newsom, C. R.; Norbeck, E.; Onel, Y.; Ozok, F.; Sen, S.; Tiras, E.; Wetzel, J.; Yetkin, T.; Yi, K.; Olsen, J.] Univ Iowa, Iowa City, IA USA. [Barnett, B. A.; Blumenfeld, B.; Bolognesi, S.; Bonato, A.; Eskew, C.; Fehling, D.; Giurgiu, G.; Gritsan, A. V.; Guo, Z. J.; Hu, G.; Maksimovic, P.; Rappoccio, S.; Swartz, M.; Tran, N. V.; Whitbeck, A.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD USA. [Sibille, J.; Baringer, P.; Bean, A.; Benelli, G.; Grachov, O.; Iii, R. P. Kenny; Murray, M.; Noonan, D.; Sanders, S.; Stringer, R.; Tinti, G.; Wood, J. S.; Zhukova, V.] Univ Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. [Khalil, S.; Barfuss, A. F.; Bolton, T.; Chakaberia, I.; Ivanov, A.; Makouski, M.; Maravin, Y.; Shrestha, S.; Svintradze, I.] Kansas State Univ, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Gronberg, J.; Lange, D.; Wright, D.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. [Baden, A.; Boutemeur, M.; Calvert, B.; Eno, S. C.; Gomez, J. A.; Hadley, N. J.; Kellogg, R. G.; Kirn, M.; Kolberg, T.; Lu, Y.; Mignerey, A. C.; Peterman, A.; Rossato, K.; Rumerio, P.; Skuja, A.; Temple, J.; Tonjes, M. B.; Tonwar, S. C.; Twedt, E.] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Li, W.; Alver, B.; Bauer, G.; Bendavid, J.; Busza, W.; Butz, E.; Cali, I. A.; Chan, M.; Dutta, V.; Ceballos, G. Gomez; Goncharov, M.; Hahn, K. A.; Harris, P.; Kim, Y.; Klute, M.; Lee, Y. -J.; Luckey, P. D.; Ma, T.; Nahn, S.; Paus, C.; Ralph, D.; Roland, C.; Rudolph, M.; Stephans, G. S. F.; Stoeckli, F.; Sumorok, K.; Sung, K.; Velicanu, D.; Wenger, E. A.; Wolf, R.; Wyslouch, B.; Xie, S.; Yang, M.; Yilmaz, Y.; Yoon, A. S.; Zanetti, M.] MIT, Cambridge, MA USA. [Cooper, S. I.; Cushman, P.; Dahmes, B.; De Benedetti, A.; Franzoni, G.; Gude, A.; Haupt, J.; Kao, S. C.; Klapoetke, K.; Kubota, Y.; Mans, J.; Pastika, N.; Rekovic, V.; Rusack, R.; Sasseville, M.; Singovsky, A.; Tambe, N.; Turkewitz, J.] Univ Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN USA. [Cremaldi, L. M.; Godang, R.; Kroeger, R.; Perera, L.; Rahmat, R.; Sanders, D. A.; Summers, D.] Univ Mississippi, University, MS 38677 USA. [Avdeeva, E.; Bloom, K.; Bose, S.; Butt, J.; Claes, D. R.; Dominguez, A.; Eads, M.; Jindal, P.; Keller, J.; Kravchenko, I.; Lazo-Flores, J.; Malbouisson, H.; Malik, S.; Snow, G. R.] Univ Nebraska Lincoln, Lincoln, NE USA. [Jain, S.; Baur, U.; Godshalk, A.; Iashvili, I.; Kharchilava, A.; Shipkowski, S. P.; Smith, K.; Wan, Z.] SUNY Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. [Alverson, G.; Barberis, E.; Baumgartel, D.; Chasco, M.; Trocino, D.; Wood, D.; Zhang, J.] Northeastern Univ, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Schmitt, M.; Anastassov, A.; Kubik, A.; Mucia, N.; Odell, N.; Ofierzynski, R. A.; Pollack, B.; Pozdnyakov, A.; Stoynev, S.; Velasco, M.; Won, S.] Northwestern Univ, Evanston, IL USA. [Antonelli, L.; Berry, D.; Brinkerhoff, A.; Hildreth, M.; Jessop, C.; Karmgard, D. J.; Kolb, J.; Lannon, K.; Luo, W.; Lynch, S.; Marinelli, N.; Morse, D. M.; Pearson, T.; Ruchti, R.; Slaunwhite, J.; Valls, N.; Wayne, M.; Wolf, M.; Ziegler, J.] Univ Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. [Bylsma, B.; Durkin, L. S.; Hill, C.; Killewald, P.; Kotov, K.; Ling, T. Y.; Rodenburg, M.; Vuosalo, C.; Williams, G.] Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Adam, N.; Berry, E.; Elmer, P.; Gerbaudo, D.; Halyo, V.; Hebda, P.; Hegeman, J.; Hunt, A.; Laird, E.; Pegna, D. Lopes; Lujan, P.; Marlow, D.; Medvedeva, T.; Mooney, M.; Olsen, J.; Piroue, P.; Quan, X.; Raval, A.; Saka, H.; Stickland, D.; Tully, C.; Werner, J. S.; Zuranski, A.] Princeton Univ, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Acosta, J. G.; Huang, X. T.; Lopez, A.; Mendez, H.; Oliveros, S.; Vargas, J. E. Ramirez; Zatserklyaniy, A.] Univ Puerto Rico, Mayaguez, PR USA. [Alagoz, E.; Barnes, V. E.; Benedetti, D.; Bolla, G.; Borrello, L.; Bortoletto, D.; De Mattia, M.; Everett, A.; Gutay, L.; Hu, Z.; Jones, M.; Koybasi, O.; Kress, M.; Laasanen, A. T.; Leonardo, N.; Maroussov, V.; Merkel, P.; Miller, D. H.; Neumeister, N.; Shipsey, I.; Silvers, D.; Svyatkovskiy, A.; Marono, M. Vidal; Yoo, H. D.; Zablocki, J.; Zheng, Y.] Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Guragain, S.; Parashar, N.] Purdue Univ Calumet, Hammond, LA USA. [Adair, A.; Boulahouache, C.; Cuplov, V.; Ecklund, K. M.; Geurts, F. J. M.; Padley, B. P.; Redjimi, R.; Roberts, J.; Zabel, J.] Rice Univ, Houston, TX USA. [Betchart, B.; Bodek, A.; Chung, Y. S.; Covarelli, R.; de Barbaro, P.; Demina, R.; Eshaq, Y.; Garcia-Bellido, A.; Goldenzweig, P.; Gotra, Y.; Han, J.; Harel, A.; Miner, D. C.; Petrillo, G.; Sakumoto, W.; Vishnevskiy, D.; Zielinski, M.] Univ Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. 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D'Alessandro, Raffaello/0000-0001-7997-0306; Belyaev, Alexander/0000-0002-1733-4408; Stahl, Achim/0000-0002-8369-7506; Trocsanyi, Zoltan/0000-0002-2129-1279; Konecki, Marcin/0000-0001-9482-4841; Azzi, Patrizia/0000-0002-3129-828X; Scodellaro, Luca/0000-0002-4974-8330; Calvo Alamillo, Enrique/0000-0002-1100-2963; Paulini, Manfred/0000-0002-6714-5787; Vogel, Helmut/0000-0002-6109-3023; Marinho, Franciole/0000-0002-7327-0349; Ferguson, Thomas/0000-0001-5822-3731; Ragazzi, Stefano/0000-0001-8219-2074; Benussi, Luigi/0000-0002-2363-8889; Wimpenny, Stephen/0000-0003-0505-4908; Dogangun, Oktay/0000-0002-1255-2211; Troitsky, Sergey/0000-0001-6917-6600; Codispoti, Giuseppe/0000-0003-0217-7021; Cerrada, Marcos/0000-0003-0112-1691; Della Ricca, Giuseppe/0000-0003-2831-6982; Mundim, Luiz/0000-0001-9964-7805; Rolandi, Luigi (Gigi)/0000-0002-0635-274X; Ivanov, Andrew/0000-0002-9270-5643; Tinoco Mendes, Andre David/0000-0001-5854-7699; Wulz, Claudia-Elisabeth/0000-0001-9226-5812; de Jesus Damiao, Dilson/0000-0002-3769-1680; 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BMBF; DFG; HGF (Germany); GSRT (Greece); OTKA; NKTH (Hungary); DAE; DST (India); IPM (Iran); SFI (Ireland); INFN (Italy); NRF; WCU (Korea); LAS (Lithuania); CINVESTAV; CONACYT; SEP; UASLP-FAI (Mexico); MSI (New Zealand); PAK (Pakistan); MSHE; NSC (Poland); FCT (Portugal); JINR (Armenia); MON; RosAtom; RAS; RFBR (Russia); MSTD (Serbia); MICINN; CPAN (Spain); Swiss Funding Agencies (Switzerland); NSC (Taipei); TUBITAK; TAEK (Turkey); STFC (United Kingdom); DOE; NSF (USA); Marie-Curie programme; European Research Council (European Union); Leventis Foundation; A.P. Sloan Foundation; Alexander von Humboldt Foundation; Belgian Federal Science Policy Office; Fonds pour la Formation a la Recherche dans l'Industrie et dans l'Agriculture (FRIA-Belgium); Agentschap voor Innovatie door Wetenschap en Technologie (IWT-Belgium); Council of Science and Industrial Research, India; HOM-ING PLUS of Foundation for Polish Science; European Union; JINR (Belarus); JINR (Georgia); JINR (Ukraine); JINR (Uzbekistan) FX We thank M.C. Kumar, P. Mathews, and V. Ravindran for useful discussions on QCD NLO corrections in the ADD model. We wish to congratulate our colleagues in the CERN accelerator departments for the excellent performance of the LHC machine. We thank the technical and administrative staff at CERN and other CMS institutes, and acknowledge support from: FMSR (Austria); FNRS and FWO (Belgium); CNPq, CAPES, FAPERJ, and FAPESP (Brazil); MES (Bulgaria); CERN; CAS, MoST, and NSFC (China); COLCIENCIAS (Colombia); MSES (Croatia); RPF (Cyprus); Academy of Sciences and NICPB (Estonia); Academy of Finland, MEC, and HIP (Finland); CEA and CNRS/IN2P3 (France); BMBF, DFG, and HGF (Germany); GSRT (Greece); OTKA and NKTH (Hungary); DAE and DST (India); IPM (Iran); SFI (Ireland); INFN (Italy); NRF and WCU (Korea); LAS (Lithuania); CINVESTAV, CONACYT, SEP, and UASLP-FAI (Mexico); MSI (New Zealand); PAK (Pakistan); MSHE and NSC (Poland); FCT (Portugal); JINR (Armenia, Belarus, Georgia, Ukraine, Uzbekistan); MON, RosAtom, RAS and RFBR (Russia); MSTD (Serbia); MICINN and CPAN (Spain); Swiss Funding Agencies (Switzerland); NSC (Taipei); TUBITAK and TAEK (Turkey); STFC (United Kingdom); DOE and NSF (USA). Individuals have received support from the Marie-Curie programme and the European Research Council (European Union); the Leventis Foundation; the A.P. Sloan Foundation; the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation; the Belgian Federal Science Policy Office; the Fonds pour la Formation a la Recherche dans l'Industrie et dans l'Agriculture (FRIA-Belgium); the Agentschap voor Innovatie door Wetenschap en Technologie (IWT-Belgium); the Council of Science and Industrial Research, India; and the HOM-ING PLUS programme of Foundation for Polish Science, cofinanced from European Union, Regional Development Fund. NR 46 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 49 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 EI 1873-2445 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD MAY 1 PY 2012 VL 711 IS 1 BP 15 EP 34 DI 10.1016/j.physletb.2012.03.029 PG 20 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 932QX UT WOS:000303306700004 ER PT J AU Isidori, G Kamenik, JF Ligeti, Z Perez, G AF Isidori, Gino Kamenik, Jernej F. Ligeti, Zoltan Perez, Gilad TI Implications of the LHCb evidence for charm CP violation SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article ID DECAYS AB The LHCb collaboration recently announced preliminary evidence for CP violation in D meson decays. We discuss this result in the context of the standard model (SM), as well as its extensions. In the absence of reliable methods to evaluate the hadronic matrix elements involved, we can only estimate qualitatively the magnitude of the non-SM tree level operators required to generate the observed central value. In the context of an effective theory, we list the operators that can give rise to the measured CP violation and investigate constraints on them from other processes. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Kamenik, Jernej F.] J Stefan Inst, Ljubljana 1001, Slovenia. [Isidori, Gino; Perez, Gilad] CERN, Div Theory, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland. [Isidori, Gino] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy. [Kamenik, Jernej F.] Univ Ljubljana, Dept Phys, Ljubljana 1000, Slovenia. [Ligeti, Zoltan] Univ Calif Berkeley, Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Perez, Gilad] Weizmann Inst Sci, Dept Particle Phys & Astrophys, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel. RP Kamenik, JF (reprint author), J Stefan Inst, Jamova 39,POB 3000, Ljubljana 1001, Slovenia. EM jernej.kamenik@ijs.si FU TU Munchen - Institute for Advanced Study; German Excellence Initiative; EU ERC [267104]; Slovenian Research Agency; Office of Science, Office of High Energy Physics of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; GIF; Gruber Foundation; IRG; ISF; Minerva FX We thank Marco Gersabeck, Vladimir Gligorov, and Alex Kagan for helpful discussions. G.I. acknowledges the support of the TU Munchen - Institute for Advanced Study, funded by the German Excellence Initiative, and the EU ERC Advanced Grant FLAVOUR (267104). The work of J.F.K. was supported in part by the Slovenian Research Agency. The work of Z.L. was supported in part by the Director, Office of Science, Office of High Energy Physics of the U.S. Department of Energy under contract DE-AC02-05CH11231. G.P. is supported by the GIF, Gruber Foundation, IRG, ISF and Minerva. NR 13 TC 66 Z9 66 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD MAY 1 PY 2012 VL 711 IS 1 BP 46 EP 51 DI 10.1016/j.physletb.2012.03.046 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 932QX UT WOS:000303306700007 ER PT J AU Yao, Q Song, CX He, C Kumaran, D Dunn, JJ AF Yao, Qin Song, Chun-Xiao He, Chuan Kumaran, Desigan Dunn, John J. TI Heterologous expression and purification of Arabidopsis thaliana VIM1 protein: In vitro evidence for its inability to recognize hydroxymethylcytosine, a rare base in Arabidopsis DNA SO PROTEIN EXPRESSION AND PURIFICATION LA English DT Article DE Arabidopsis thaliana; VIM1 (Variant in Methylation 1) protein; 5-Methyl-cytosine 5-hydroxymethyl-cytosine; Electrophoretic-mobility shift (EMSA) assay; Fluorescence anisotrophy (FA) assays ID HEMI-METHYLATED DNA; EPIGENETIC INHERITANCE; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; BINDING-PROTEIN; TET PROTEINS; SRA DOMAIN; 5-HYDROXYMETHYLCYTOSINE; 5-METHYLCYTOSINE; GENOME; UHRF1 AB The discovery of 5-hydroxymethyl-cytosine (5hmC) in mammalian cells prompted us to look for this base in the DNA of Arabidopsis thaliana (thale cress), and to ask how well the Arabidopsis Variant in Methylation 1 (VIM1) protein, an essential factor in maintaining 5-cytosine methylation (5mC) homeostasis and epigenetic silencing in this plant, recognizes this novel base. We found that the DNA of Arabidopsis' leaves and flowers contain low levels of 5hmC. We also cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli full-length VIM1 protein, the archetypal member of the five Arabidopsis VIM gene family. Using in vitro binding assays, we observed that full-length VIM1 binds preferentially to hemi-methylated DNA with a single modified 5mCpG site; this result is consistent with its known role in preserving DNA methylation in vivo following DNA replication. However, when 5hmC replaces one or both cytosine residues at a palindromic CpG site, VIM1 binds with approximately >= 10-fold lower affinity. These results suggest that 5hmC may contribute to VIM-mediated passive loss of cytosine methylation in vivo during Arabidopsis DNA replication. (C) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Yao, Qin; Kumaran, Desigan; Dunn, John J.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Biol, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Song, Chun-Xiao; He, Chuan] Univ Chicago, Dept Chem, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Song, Chun-Xiao; He, Chuan] Univ Chicago, Inst Biophys Dynam, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. RP Dunn, JJ (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Biol, Bldg 463, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM qyao@bnl.gov; cxsong@uchicago.edu; chuanhe@uchicago.edu; kumaran@bnl.gov; jdunn@bnl.gov FU Office of Biological and Environmental Research of the U.S. Department of Energy FX This work was supported by the Office of Biological and Environmental Research of the U.S. Department of Energy. We gratefully acknowledge the technical assistance of Eileen Kasmarcik, Barbara Lade, Laura-Li Loffredo, Judi Romeo, and Vito Graziano. NR 47 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 2 U2 10 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1046-5928 J9 PROTEIN EXPRES PURIF JI Protein Expr. Purif. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 83 IS 1 BP 104 EP 111 DI 10.1016/j.pep.2012.03.003 PG 8 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 934FH UT WOS:000303428500015 PM 22459921 ER PT J AU Heber, EM Kueffer, PJ Lee, MW Hawthorne, MF Garabalino, MA Molinari, AJ Nigg, DW Bauer, W Hughes, AM Pozzi, ECC Trivillin, VA Schwint, AE AF Heber, Elisa M. Kueffer, Peter J. Lee, Mark W., Jr. Hawthorne, M. Frederick Garabalino, Marcela A. Molinari, Ana J. Nigg, David W. Bauer, William Hughes, Andrea Monti Pozzi, Emiliano C. C. Trivillin, Veronica A. Schwint, Amanda E. TI Boron delivery with liposomes for boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT): biodistribution studies in an experimental model of oral cancer demonstrating therapeutic potential SO RADIATION AND ENVIRONMENTAL BIOPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE BNCT; Boron neutron capture therapy; Liposomes; Biodistribution; Experimental oral cancer; Boron ID HAMSTER-CHEEK POUCH; MURINE TUMORS; UNILAMELLAR LIPOSOMES; PRECANCEROUS TISSUE; NECK-CANCER; BORONOPHENYLALANINE; HEAD; RADIOBIOLOGY; BOROCAPTATE; GB-10 AB Boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) combines selective accumulation of B-10 carriers in tumor tissue with subsequent neutron irradiation. We previously demonstrated the therapeutic efficacy of BNCT in the hamster cheek pouch oral cancer model. Optimization of BNCT depends largely on improving boron targeting to tumor cells. Seeking to maximize the potential of BNCT for the treatment for head and neck cancer, the aim of the present study was to perform boron biodistribution studies in the oral cancer model employing two different liposome formulations that were previously tested for a different pathology, i.e., in experimental mammary carcinoma in BALB/c mice: (1) MAC: liposomes incorporating K[nido-7-CH3(CH2)(15)-7,8-C2B9H11] in the bilayer membrane and encapsulating a hypertonic buffer, administered intravenously at 6 mg B per kg body weight, and (2) MAC-TAC: liposomes incorporating K[nido-7-CH3(CH2)(15)-7,8-C2B9H11] in the bilayer membrane and encapsulating a concentrated aqueous solution of the hydrophilic species Na-3 [ae-B20H17NH3], administered intravenously at 18 mg B per kg body weight. Samples of tumor, precancerous and normal pouch tissue, spleen, liver, kidney, and blood were taken at different times post-administration and processed to measure boron content by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. No ostensible clinical toxic effects were observed with the selected formulations. Both MAC and MAC-TAC delivered boron selectively to tumor tissue. Absolute tumor values for MAC-TAC peaked to 66.6 +/- A 16.1 ppm at 48 h and to 43.9 +/- A 17.6 ppm at 54 h with very favorable ratios of tumor boron relative to precancerous and normal tissue, making these protocols particularly worthy of radiobiological assessment. Boron concentration values obtained would result in therapeutic BNCT doses in tumor without exceeding radiotolerance in precancerous/normal tissue at the thermal neutron facility at RA-3. C1 [Heber, Elisa M.; Garabalino, Marcela A.; Molinari, Ana J.; Hughes, Andrea Monti; Trivillin, Veronica A.; Schwint, Amanda E.] Natl Atom Energy Commiss, Dept Radiobiol, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. [Kueffer, Peter J.; Lee, Mark W., Jr.; Hawthorne, M. Frederick] Univ Missouri, Int Inst Nano & Mol Med, Columbia, MO USA. [Nigg, David W.; Bauer, William] Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. [Pozzi, Emiliano C. C.] Natl Atom Energy Commiss, Dept Res & Prod Reactors, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. RP Schwint, AE (reprint author), Natl Atom Energy Commiss, Dept Radiobiol, Ave Gen Paz 1499,B1650KNA San Martin, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. EM schwint@cnea.gov.ar RI Bauer, William/B-8357-2016 OI Bauer, William/0000-0002-7190-9700 FU University of Missouri through MU International Institute for Nano and Molecular Medicine; United States Department of Energy through Idaho National Laboratory Faculty-Staff Exchange and Division Initiative; National Agency for the Promotion of Science and Technology of Argentina [PICT 2006-00700] FX This study was supported in part by the University of Missouri through the MU International Institute for Nano and Molecular Medicine, the United States Department of Energy through the Idaho National Laboratory Faculty-Staff Exchange and Division Initiative Support programs, and a grant from the National Agency for the Promotion of Science and Technology of Argentina (PICT 2006-00700). The authors wish to acknowledge the expert advice and generous support of Dr. Claudio Devida and his team with ICP-MS boron measurements. NR 60 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 2 U2 30 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0301-634X J9 RADIAT ENVIRON BIOPH JI Radiat. Environ. Biophys. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 51 IS 2 BP 195 EP 204 DI 10.1007/s00411-011-0399-0 PG 10 WC Biology; Biophysics; Environmental Sciences; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Biophysics; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 934RQ UT WOS:000303464400009 PM 22271404 ER PT J AU Kumar, G Kumaran, D Ahmed, SA Swaminathan, S AF Kumar, Gyanendra Kumaran, Desigan Ahmed, S. Ashraf Swaminathan, Subramanyam TI Peptide inhibitors of botulinum neurotoxin serotype A: design, inhibition, cocrystal structures, structure-activity relationship and pharmacophore modeling SO ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION D-BIOLOGICAL CRYSTALLOGRAPHY LA English DT Article DE botulinum neurotoxins; peptide inhibitors; structure-activity relationship; pharmacophore modeling ID SMALL-MOLECULE INHIBITORS; LIGHT-CHAIN; SUBSTRATE RECOGNITION; NEUROTRANSMITTER RELEASE; ZINC ENDOPEPTIDASE; SNAP-25 SUBSTRATE; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; NERVE-TERMINALS; MOTOR NERVES; BINDING AB Clostridium botulinum neurotoxins are classified as Category A bioterrorism agents by the Centers for Disease Control and similar to Prevention (CDC). The seven serotypes (AG) of the botulinum neurotoxin, the causative agent of the disease botulism, block neurotransmitter release by specifically cleaving one of the three SNARE (soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein receptor) proteins and induce flaccid paralysis. Using a structure-based drug-design approach, a number of peptide inhibitors were designed and their inhibitory activity against botulinum serotype A (BoNT/A) protease was determined. The most potent peptide, RRGF, inhibited BoNT/A protease with an IC50 of 0.9 mu M and a Ki of 358 nM. High-resolution crystal structures of various peptide inhibitors in complex with the BoNT/A protease domain were also determined. Based on the inhibitory activities and the atomic interactions deduced from the cocrystal structures, the structureactivity relationship was analyzed and a pharmacophore model was developed. Unlike the currently available models, this pharmacophore model is based on a number of enzymeinhibitor peptide cocrystal structures and improved the existing models significantly, incorporating new features. C1 [Kumar, Gyanendra; Kumaran, Desigan; Swaminathan, Subramanyam] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Biol, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Ahmed, S. Ashraf] USA, Dept Mol Biol, Integrated Toxicol Div, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Swaminathan, S (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Biol, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM swami@bnl.gov RI Kumar, Gyanendra/B-1751-2009 OI Kumar, Gyanendra/0000-0001-7593-0737 FU DTRA under DOE [BO742081, DEAC02-98CH10886]; Brookhaven National Laboratory FX This research was supported by an award from DTRA BO742081 under DOE prime contract No. DEAC02-98CH10886 with Brookhaven National Laboratory. We thank PXRR at the NSLS (BNL) for data-collection facilities. NR 53 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 8 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0907-4449 J9 ACTA CRYSTALLOGR D JI Acta Crystallogr. Sect. D-Biol. Crystallogr. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 68 BP 511 EP 520 DI 10.1107/S0907444912003551 PN 5 PG 10 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Crystallography SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Crystallography GA 930SF UT WOS:000303159000003 PM 22525749 ER PT J AU Ru, H Zhao, LX Ding, W Jiao, LY Shaw, N Liang, WG Zhang, LG Hung, LW Matsugaki, N Wakatsuki, S Liu, ZJ AF Ru, Heng Zhao, Lixia Ding, Wei Jiao, Lianying Shaw, Neil Liang, Wenguang Zhang, Liguo Hung, Li-Wei Matsugaki, Naohiro Wakatsuki, Soichi Liu, Zhi-Jie TI S-SAD phasing study of death receptor 6 and its solution conformation revealed by SAXS SO ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION D-BIOLOGICAL CRYSTALLOGRAPHY LA English DT Article DE sulfur phasing; SAXS analysis; long-wavelength X-rays; death receptor 6 ID TUMOR-NECROSIS-FACTOR; SULFUR ANOMALOUS SIGNAL; HOUSE CHROMIUM RADIATION; SMALL-ANGLE SCATTERING; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; IN-HOUSE; MACROMOLECULAR CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; DIFFRACTION DATA; DATA QUALITY; KDA PROTEIN AB A subset of tumour necrosis factor receptor (TNFR) superfamily members contain death domains in their cytoplasmic tails. Death receptor 6 (DR6) is one such member and can trigger apoptosis upon the binding of a ligand by its cysteine-rich domains (CRDs). The crystal structure of the ectodomain (amino acids 1348) of human death receptor 6 (DR6) encompassing the CRD region was phased using the anomalous signal from S atoms. In order to explore the feasibility of S-SAD phasing at longer wavelengths (beyond 2.5 angstrom), a comparative study was performed on data collected at wavelengths of 2.0 and 2.7 angstrom. In spite of sub-optimal experimental conditions, the 2.7 angstrom wavelength used for data collection showed potential for S-SAD phasing. The results showed that the Rano/Rp.i.m. ratio is a good indicator for monitoring the anomalous data quality when the anomalous signal is relatively strong, while d''/sig(d'') calculated by SHELXC is a more sensitive and stable indicator applicable for grading a wider range of anomalous data qualities. The use of the `parameter-space screening method' for S-SAD phasing resulted in solutions for data sets that failed during manual attempts. SAXS measurements on the ectodomain suggested that a dimer defines the minimal physical unit of an unliganded DR6 molecule in solution. C1 [Ru, Heng; Zhao, Lixia; Ding, Wei; Jiao, Lianying; Shaw, Neil; Liang, Wenguang; Zhang, Liguo; Liu, Zhi-Jie] Chinese Acad Sci, Natl Lab Biomacromol Inst Biophys, Beijing 100101, Peoples R China. [Ru, Heng] Chinese Acad Sci, Grad Univ, Beijing 100049, Peoples R China. [Shaw, Neil; Liu, Zhi-Jie] Kunming Med Univ, Inst Mol & Clin Med, Kunming 650500, Peoples R China. [Hung, Li-Wei] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Phys, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Matsugaki, Naohiro; Wakatsuki, Soichi] High Energy Accelerator Res Org KEK, Inst Mat Struct Sci, Photon Factory, Struct Biol Res Ctr, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050801, Japan. RP Liu, ZJ (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Natl Lab Biomacromol Inst Biophys, Beijing 100101, Peoples R China. EM zjliu@ibp.ac.cn RI Liu, Zhi-Jie/A-3946-2012; OI Liu, Zhi-Jie/0000-0001-7279-2893; Hung, Li-Wei/0000-0001-6690-8458 FU US Department of Energy (DOE) [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences of the DOE [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; National Natural Science Foundation of China [30870483, 31070660, 31021062, 81072449]; Ministry of Science and Technology of China [2009DFB30310, 2009CB918803, 2011CB911103]; CAS [YZ200839, KSCX2-EW-J-3]; NIGMS [NIH U54 GM074946] FX The authors thank Yun Li of the Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences for help with protein expression using the insect-cell system. The authors also would like to thank the staff at beamlines 17A and 1A at the Photon Factory, KEK, Japan and beamline 12.3.1 (BL12.3.1) at the Advanced Light Source (ALS) for technical support during diffraction and SAXS data collections. BL12.3.1 is supported in part by the US Department of Energy (DOE) program Integrated Diffraction Analysis Technologies (IDAT) and the DOE program Molecular Assemblies, Genes and Genomics Integrated Efficiently (MAGGIE) under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231 with the DOE. The ALS is supported by the Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences of the DOE under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grants 30870483, 31070660, 31021062 and 81072449), the Ministry of Science and Technology of China (grants 2009DFB30310, 2009CB918803 and 2011CB911103) and CAS Research Grants (YZ200839 and KSCX2-EW-J-3). This work was also supported by the NIGMS Protein Structure Initiative program (NIH U54 GM074946). NR 67 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 13 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0907-4449 J9 ACTA CRYSTALLOGR D JI Acta Crystallogr. Sect. D-Biol. Crystallogr. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 68 BP 521 EP 530 DI 10.1107/S0907444912004490 PN 5 PG 10 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Crystallography SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Crystallography GA 930SF UT WOS:000303159000004 PM 22525750 ER PT J AU Phipps, CR Baker, KL Libby, SB Liedahl, DA Olivier, SS Pleasance, LD Rubenchik, A Trebes, JE George, EV Marcovici, B Reilly, JP Valley, MT AF Phipps, Claude R. Baker, Kevin L. Libby, Stephen B. Liedahl, Duane A. Olivier, Scot S. Pleasance, Lyn D. Rubenchik, Alexander Trebes, James E. George, E. Victor Marcovici, Bogdan Reilly, James P. Valley, Michael T. TI Removing orbital debris with lasers SO ADVANCES IN SPACE RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Space debris; Laser ablation; Orbital debris removal; Adaptive optics; Segmented mirror design; Phase conjugation ID SPACE DEBRIS; PROPULSION; PERFORMANCE; ABLATION; OBJECTS; STATE AB Orbital debris in low Earth orbit (LEO) are now sufficiently dense that the use of LEO space is threatened by runaway collision cascading. A problem predicted more than thirty years ago, the threat from debris larger than about 1 cm demands serious attention. A promising proposed solution uses a high power pulsed laser system on the Earth to make plasma jets on the objects, slowing them slightly, and causing them to re-enter and burn up in the atmosphere. In this paper, we reassess this approach in light of recent advances in low-cost, light-weight modular design for large mirrors, calculations of laser-induced orbit changes and in design of repetitive, multi-kilojoules lasers, that build on inertial fusion research. These advances now suggest that laser orbital debris removal (LODR) is the most cost-effective way to mitigate the debris problem. No other solutions have been proposed that address the whole problem of large and small debris. A LODR system will have multiple uses beyond debris removal. International cooperation will be essential for building and operating such a system. (C) 2012 COSPAR. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Phipps, Claude R.] Photon Associates LLC, Santa Fe, NM 87508 USA. [Baker, Kevin L.; Libby, Stephen B.; Liedahl, Duane A.; Olivier, Scot S.; Pleasance, Lyn D.; Rubenchik, Alexander; Trebes, James E.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [George, E. Victor] Centech, Carlsbad, CA 92011 USA. [Marcovici, Bogdan] Syst Engn Associates, El Segundo, CA 90245 USA. [Reilly, James P.] NE Sci & Technol, Williamsburg, VA 23188 USA. [Valley, Michael T.] Sandia Natl Labs, Appl Syst & Mat Sci Dept, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Phipps, CR (reprint author), Photon Associates LLC, Santa Fe, NM 87508 USA. EM crphipps@photonicassociates.com; baker7@llnl.gov; libby1@llnl.gov; liedahl1@llnl.gov; olivier1@llnl.gov; pleasanceld@aol.com; rubenchik1@llnl.gov; trebes1@llnl.gov; evictorgeorge@yahoo.com; bmarcovici@msn.com; jpr138@gmail.com; mtvalle@sandia.gov NR 63 TC 39 Z9 45 U1 5 U2 52 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0273-1177 J9 ADV SPACE RES JI Adv. Space Res. PD MAY 1 PY 2012 VL 49 IS 9 BP 1283 EP 1300 DI 10.1016/j.asr.2012.02.003 PG 18 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 930JY UT WOS:000303136900001 ER PT J AU Brake, MR Barone, MF Segalman, DJ AF Brake, M. R. Barone, M. F. Segalman, D. J. TI Nonlinear Model Reduction of von Karman Plates Under Linearized Compressible Fluid Flow SO AIAA JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID PROPER ORTHOGONAL DECOMPOSITION; ROTATING FLEXIBLE STRUCTURES; NAVIER-STOKES EQUATIONS; REDUCED-ORDER MODEL; COHERENT STRUCTURES; PANEL FLUTTER; DYNAMICS; SYSTEMS; OSCILLATIONS; CONVERGENCE AB A reduced order model (ROM) of linearized compressible fluid flow coupled with a von Karman plate is developed. Separate ROMs for both the fluid and structure are derived and are coupled through a solid wall boundary condition at the interface boundary. The structural ROM is formulated using the method of quadratic components, which postulates that the full kinematics of the plate can be represented using linear and quadratic terms. The fluid ROM is constructed via a proper orthogonal decomposition method. Both ROMs are further reduced via a Galerkin discretization, and the coupled system is implicitly integrated in time. The coupled model is subsequently compared with previously validated models that used either a linearized plate model with the linearized compressible fluid model or a quasi-static fluid model with the von Karman plate model. The comparisons are conducted in high-Mach-number regimes where the comparison is admissible, and excellent agreement is found. Analysis of the resulting limit cycles shows two sets of discontinuities in the limit cycle amplitudes. These discontinuities have two salient features: a snap through phenomenon in phase space is observed in the higher modes, and the coalescing of several of the lower modes is observed below the critical dynamic pressures followed by a sudden separation above the critical dynamic pressures. C1 [Brake, M. R.; Barone, M. F.; Segalman, D. J.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Brake, MR (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM mrbrake@sandia.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94-AL85000] FX The authors would like to thank their colleagues Irina Kalashnikova, Jerry Rouse, and Michael Sracic for their support of and feedback on this work. Sandia National Laboratories is a multiprogram laboratory operated by Sandia Corp., a Lockheed Martin Company, for the U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under contract no. DE-AC04-94-AL85000. NR 42 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER INST AERONAUTICS ASTRONAUTICS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA SN 0001-1452 EI 1533-385X J9 AIAA J JI AIAA J. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 50 IS 5 BP 1047 EP 1059 DI 10.2514/1.J050950 PG 13 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA 933MK UT WOS:000303365700005 ER PT J AU Grostern, A Sales, CM Zhuang, WQ Erbilgin, O Alvarez-Cohen, L AF Grostern, Ariel Sales, Christopher M. Zhuang, Wei-Qin Erbilgin, Onur Alvarez-Cohen, Lisa TI Glyoxylate Metabolism Is a Key Feature of the Metabolic Degradation of 1,4-Dioxane by Pseudonocardia dioxanivorans Strain CB1190 SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI K-12; TRICARBOXYLIC-ACID CYCLE; BACILLUS-SUBTILIS; GLYCINE CLEAVAGE; CLONING; BIODEGRADATION; DIOXANE; PATHWAY; PROTEIN; ETHERS AB The groundwater contaminant 1,4-dioxane (dioxane) is transformed by several monooxygenase-expressing microorganisms, but only a few of these, including Pseudonocardia dioxanivorans strain CB1190, can metabolize the compound as a sole carbon and energy source. However, nothing is yet known about the genetic basis of dioxane metabolism. In this study, we used a microarray to study differential expression of genes in strain CB1190 grown on dioxane, glycolate (a previously identified intermediate of dioxane degradation), or pyruvate. Of eight multicomponent monooxygenase gene clusters carried by the strain CB1190 genome, only the monooxygenase gene cluster located on plasmid pPSED02 was upregulated with dioxane relative to pyruvate. Plasmid-borne genes for putative aldehyde dehydrogenases, an aldehyde reductase, and an alcohol oxidoreductase were also induced during growth with dioxane. With both dioxane and glycolate, a chromosomal gene cluster encoding a putative glycolate oxidase was upregulated, as were chromosomal genes related to glyoxylate metabolism through the glyoxylate carboligase pathway. Glyoxylate carboligase activity in cell extracts from cells pregrown with dioxane and in Rhodococcus jostii strain RHA1 cells expressing the putative strain CB1190 glyoxylate carboligase gene further demonstrated the role of glyoxylate metabolism in the degradation of dioxane. Finally, we used C-13-labeled dioxane amino acid isotopomer analysis to provide additional evidence that metabolites of dioxane enter central metabolism as three-carbon compounds, likely as phosphoglycerate. The routing of dioxane metabolites via the glyoxylate carboligase pathway helps to explain how dioxane is metabolized as a sole carbon and energy source for strain CB1190. C1 [Grostern, Ariel; Sales, Christopher M.; Zhuang, Wei-Qin; Alvarez-Cohen, Lisa] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Erbilgin, Onur] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Plant & Microbial Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Alvarez-Cohen, Lisa] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Alvarez-Cohen, L (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM alvarez@ce.berkeley.edu RI Sales, Christopher/N-6560-2013; ZHUANG, WEI-QIN/A-5235-2014; OI Sales, Christopher/0000-0002-1781-8752; ZHUANG, WEI-QIN/0000-0001-9600-5225; Grostern, Ariel/0000-0002-9792-8977; erbilgin, onur/0000-0002-6122-6156 FU Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program [ER-1417] FX This work was funded by Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program grant ER-1417. NR 56 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 4 U2 32 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 78 IS 9 BP 3298 EP 3308 DI 10.1128/AEM.00067-12 PG 11 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 926BY UT WOS:000302807500031 PM 22327578 ER PT J AU Schwalbach, MS Keating, DH Tremaine, M Marner, WD Zhang, YP Bothfeld, W Higbee, A Grass, JA Cotten, C Reed, JL Sousa, LD Jin, MJ Balan, V Ellinger, J Dale, B Kiley, PJ Landick, R AF Schwalbach, Michael S. Keating, David H. Tremaine, Mary Marner, Wesley D. Zhang, Yaoping Bothfeld, William Higbee, Alan Grass, Jeffrey A. Cotten, Cameron Reed, Jennifer L. Sousa, Leonardo da Costa Jin, Mingjie Balan, Venkatesh Ellinger, James Dale, Bruce Kiley, Patricia J. Landick, Robert TI Complex Physiology and Compound Stress Responses during Fermentation of Alkali-Pretreated Corn Stover Hydrolysate by an Escherichia coli Ethanologen SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE 424A(LNH-ST); FIBER EXPANSION AFEX; ZYMOMONAS-MOBILIS; MULTIDRUG-RESISTANCE; NEGATIVE REGULATOR; ELECTRON-ACCEPTOR; PLASMA-MEMBRANE; BINDING-PROTEIN; FUEL ETHANOL; EFFLUX PUMP AB The physiology of ethanologenic Escherichia coli grown anaerobically in alkali-pretreated plant hydrolysates is complex and not well studied. To gain insight into how E. coli responds to such hydrolysates, we studied an E. coli K-12 ethanologen fermenting a hydrolysate prepared from corn stover pretreated by ammonia fiber expansion. Despite the high sugar content (similar to 6% glucose, 3% xylose) and relatively low toxicity of this hydrolysate, E. coli ceased growth long before glucose was depleted. Nevertheless, the cells remained metabolically active and continued conversion of glucose to ethanol until all glucose was consumed. Gene expression profiling revealed complex and changing patterns of metabolic physiology and cellular stress responses during an exponential growth phase, a transition phase, and the glycolytically active stationary phase. During the exponential and transition phases, high cell maintenance and stress response costs were mitigated, in part, by free amino acids available in the hydrolysate. However, after the majority of amino acids were depleted, the cells entered stationary phase, and ATP derived from glucose fermentation was consumed entirely by the demands of cell maintenance in the hydrolysate. Comparative gene expression profiling and metabolic modeling of the ethanologen suggested that the high energetic cost of mitigating osmotic, lignotoxin, and ethanol stress collectively limits growth, sugar utilization rates, and ethanol yields in alkali-pretreated lignocellulosic hydrolysates. C1 [Grass, Jeffrey A.; Ellinger, James; Landick, Robert] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Biochem, Madison, WI 53705 USA. [Cotten, Cameron; Reed, Jennifer L.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Chem & Biol Engn, Madison, WI USA. [Sousa, Leonardo da Costa; Jin, Mingjie; Balan, Venkatesh; Dale, Bruce] Michigan State Univ, Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Kiley, Patricia J.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Biomol Chem, Madison, WI USA. [Landick, Robert] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Bacteriol, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Sousa, Leonardo da Costa; Jin, Mingjie; Balan, Venkatesh; Dale, Bruce] Great Lakes Bioenergy Res Ctr, E Lansing, MI USA. [Schwalbach, Michael S.; Keating, David H.; Tremaine, Mary; Marner, Wesley D.; Zhang, Yaoping; Bothfeld, William; Higbee, Alan; Grass, Jeffrey A.; Cotten, Cameron; Reed, Jennifer L.; Ellinger, James; Kiley, Patricia J.; Landick, Robert] Great Lakes Bioenergy Res Ctr, Madison, WI USA. RP Landick, R (reprint author), Great Lakes Bioenergy Res Ctr, Madison, WI USA. EM dkeating@glbrc.wisc.edu; landick@biochem.wisc.edu RI Reed, Jennifer/E-5137-2011; Jin, Mingjie/I-4616-2012; da Costa Sousa, Leonardo/A-1536-2016; Ellinger, James/E-4625-2017; OI Ellinger, James/0000-0002-8477-901X; Jin, Mingjie/0000-0002-9493-305X FU U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center (DOE BER Office of Science) [DE-FC02-07ER64494]; National Institutes of Health (NIH) [P41RR02301, P41GM66326, RR02781, RR08438]; University of Wisconsin; National Science Foundation [DMB-8415048, OIA-9977486, BIR-9214394]; U.S. Department of Agriculture; Office of Science of the U.S. DOE [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX This work was funded by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center (DOE BER Office of Science DE-FC02-07ER64494). This study also made use of the National Magnetic Resonance Facility at Madison, which is supported by National Institutes of Health (NIH) grants P41RR02301 (Biomedical Research Technology Program, National Center for Research Resources) and P41GM66326 (National Institute of General Medical Sciences). Equipment in the facility was purchased with funds from the University of Wisconsin, the NIH (P41GM66326, P41RR02301, RR02781, and RR08438), the National Science Foundation (DMB-8415048, OIA-9977486, and BIR-9214394), and the U.S. Department of Agriculture. The work conducted by the U.S. DOE Joint Genome Institute is supported by the Office of Science of the U.S. DOE under contract no. DE-AC02-05CH11231. NR 93 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 1 U2 26 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 78 IS 9 BP 3442 EP 3457 DI 10.1128/AEM.07329-11 PG 16 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 926BY UT WOS:000302807500047 PM 22389370 ER PT J AU Geier, M Shaddix, CR Davis, KA Shim, HS AF Geier, M. Shaddix, C. R. Davis, K. A. Shim, H. -S. TI On the use of single-film models to describe the oxy-fuel combustion of pulverized coal char SO APPLIED ENERGY LA English DT Article DE Coal combustion; Oxy-fuel; CO2 recycle; Char kinetics; Gasification ID O-2/CO2 MIXTURES; CO2 RECOVERY; KINETICS; GASIFICATION; ENVIRONMENTS; PARTICLE; AIR AB Computational fluid dynamic (CFD) simulations traditionally rely on the computational efficiency of single-film global kinetic oxidation models to predict char particle temperatures and char conversion rates in pulverized coal boilers. In oxy-fuel combustion with flue gas recirculation (FGR), as is commonly employed, char combustion occurs in the presence of elevated CO2 levels and, frequently, elevated water vapor levels (when employing wet FGR). Furthermore, local oxygen concentrations can be quite high in the vicinity of oxygen injection lances. The suitability of existing approaches to modeling char combustion under these conditions has been unclear. In particular, our previous work has shown that both boundary layer conversion of CO and gasification reactions of steam and CO2 need. to be included to give reasonable agreement with the experimental measurements, for particles over 60 mu m in size. In this paper, we report on the development and application of an extended single-film reaction model that includes both oxidation and gasification reactions. We have systematically interrogated the performance of the model in comparison to experimental data for two US coals (a Powder River Basin subbituminous coal and a low-sulfur, high-volatile bituminous coal) for a variety of model assumptions. While the extended single-film model does not give perfect agreement with the data, reasonably good agreement is achieved for high-temperature environments with 12-36 vol.% O-2 and 16 vol.% H2O in either N-2 or CO2 diluent. The analysis shows that, to achieve such agreement with the data while maintaining reasonable values for activation energy of the reactions, incorporation of both steam and CO2 gasification reactions is required. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Geier, M.; Shaddix, C. R.] Sandia Natl Labs, Combust Res Facil, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Davis, K. A.; Shim, H. -S.] React Engn Int, Salt Lake City, UT 84101 USA. RP Shaddix, CR (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Combust Res Facil, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM mgeier@sandia.gov; crshadd@sandia.gov; davis@reaction-eng.com; shim@reaction-eng.com FU US Department of Energy [DE-NT0005288]; Sandia Corporation, a Lockheed Martin Company [DE-AC04-94AL85000] FX This research was sponsored by the US Department of Energy's Carbon Sequestration Program under Award Number DE-NT0005288. This work is managed by Mr. Timothy Fout of the National Energy Technology Laboratory. Sandia is a multiprogram laboratory operated by Sandia Corporation, a Lockheed Martin Company, for the United States Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under Contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. NR 29 TC 24 Z9 27 U1 1 U2 39 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0306-2619 J9 APPL ENERG JI Appl. Energy PD MAY PY 2012 VL 93 SI SI BP 675 EP 679 DI 10.1016/j.apenergy.2011.12.097 PG 5 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 926MY UT WOS:000302836500078 ER PT J AU Li, H Liu, XH Legros, R Bi, XTT Lim, CJ Sokhansanj, S AF Li, Hui Liu, Xinhua Legros, Robert Bi, Xiaotao T. Lim, C. Jim Sokhansanj, Shahab TI Pelletization of torrefied sawdust and properties of torrefied pellets SO APPLIED ENERGY LA English DT Article DE Pelletization; Torrefaction; Torrefied pellets; Hardness; Hydrophobicity ID WOOD; BIOMASS; TORREFACTION; STORAGE AB Pelletization of torrefied sawdust from a fluidized bed reactor was investigated to quantify the energy consumption and pellet properties, including moisture adsorption, pellet density and Meyer hardness. Energy consumptions in compaction and extrusion for torrefied sawdust were significantly higher than those for untreated sawdust at the same compression temperature, while the moisture uptake rate of pellets decreased with increasing the severity of torrefaction. The densities of torrefied pellets were lower than the control pellet due to the loss of chemically bonded water and low-melting point compounds during torrefaction which act as a binding agent when softened at similar to 100 degrees C. The properties of pellets were affected by the removal of most low-melting or - softening point components. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Li, Hui; Liu, Xinhua; Legros, Robert; Bi, Xiaotao T.; Lim, C. Jim; Sokhansanj, Shahab] Univ British Columbia, Clean Energy Res Ctr, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada. [Li, Hui; Liu, Xinhua; Legros, Robert; Bi, Xiaotao T.; Lim, C. Jim; Sokhansanj, Shahab] Univ British Columbia, Dept Chem & Biol Engn, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada. [Li, Hui] Hunan Acad Forestry, Changsha 410004, Hunan, Peoples R China. [Li, Hui] Biodiesel Engn Res Ctr Hunan Prov, Changsha 410004, Hunan, Peoples R China. [Liu, Xinhua] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Proc Engn, Beijing 100190, Peoples R China. [Legros, Robert] Ecole Polytech, Dept Chem Engn, Montreal, PQ H3T 1J4, Canada. [Sokhansanj, Shahab] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Bi, XTT (reprint author), Univ British Columbia, Clean Energy Res Ctr, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada. EM xbi@chbe.ubc.ca FU Natural Science and Engineering Research Council (NSERC) of Canada; Canadian Agricultural Biorefinery Innovation Network (ABIN); Postgraduates' Science and Research Innovation Fund of Hunan Province of China [CX2009B078]; China Scholarship Council FX The authors are grateful to the financial supports from the Natural Science and Engineering Research Council (NSERC) of Canada Discovery grant program, the Canadian Agricultural Biorefinery Innovation Network (ABIN) program, the Postgraduates' Science and Research Innovation Fund of Hunan Province of China (CX2009B078) and a scholarship from the China Scholarship Council. NR 25 TC 57 Z9 62 U1 1 U2 57 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0306-2619 J9 APPL ENERG JI Appl. Energy PD MAY PY 2012 VL 93 SI SI BP 680 EP 685 DI 10.1016/j.apenergy.2012.01.002 PG 6 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 926MY UT WOS:000302836500079 ER PT J AU Abdo, AA Allen, BT Atkins, R Aune, T Benbow, W Berley, D Blaufuss, E Bonamente, E Bussons, J Chen, C Christopher, GE Coyne, DG DeYoung, T Dingus, BL Dorfan, DE Ellsworth, RW Falcone, A Fleysher, L Fleysher, R Galbraith-Frew, J Gonzalez, MM Goodman, JA Haines, TJ Hays, E Hoffman, CM Huntemeyer, PH Kelley, LA Kolterman, BE Lansdell, CP Linnemann, JT McCullough, J McEnery, JE Morgan, T Mincer, AI Morales, MF Nemethy, P Noyes, D Pretz, J Ryan, JM Samuelson, FW Parkinson, PMS Shoup, A Sinnis, G Smith, AJ Sullivan, GW Vasileiou, V Walker, GP Wascko, M Williams, DA Westerhoff, S Yodh, GB AF Abdo, A. A. Allen, B. T. Atkins, R. Aune, T. Benbow, W. Berley, D. Blaufuss, E. Bonamente, E. Bussons, J. Chen, C. Christopher, G. E. Coyne, D. G. DeYoung, T. Dingus, B. L. Dorfan, D. E. Ellsworth, R. W. Falcone, A. Fleysher, L. Fleysher, R. Galbraith-Frew, J. Gonzalez, M. M. Goodman, J. A. Haines, T. J. Hays, E. Hoffman, C. M. Huentemeyer, P. H. Kelley, L. A. Kolterman, B. E. Lansdell, C. P. Linnemann, J. T. McCullough, J. McEnery, J. E. Morgan, T. Mincer, A. I. Morales, M. F. Nemethy, P. Noyes, D. Pretz, J. Ryan, J. M. Samuelson, F. W. Parkinson, P. M. Saz Shoup, A. Sinnis, G. Smith, A. J. Sullivan, G. W. Vasileiou, V. Walker, G. P. Wascko, M. Williams, D. A. Westerhoff, S. Yodh, G. B. TI OBSERVATION AND SPECTRAL MEASUREMENTS OF THE CRAB NEBULA WITH MILAGRO SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE acceleration of particles; astroparticle physics; gamma rays: general; pulsars: individual (Crab Pulsar) ID GAMMA-RAY EMISSION; AIR-SHOWER ARRAY; ATIC EXPERIMENT; ENERGY-SPECTRA; TEV EMISSION; PULSAR; DISCOVERY; FLARES AB The Crab Nebula was detected with the Milagro experiment at a statistical significance of 17 standard deviations over the lifetime of the experiment. The experiment was sensitive to approximately 100 GeV-100 TeV gamma-ray air showers by observing the particle footprint reaching the ground. The fraction of detectors recording signals from photons at the ground is a suitable proxy for the energy of the primary particle and has been used to measure the photon energy spectrum of the Crab Nebula between similar to 1 and similar to 100 TeV. The TeV emission is believed to be caused by inverse-Compton upscattering of ambient photons by an energetic electron population. The location of a TeV steepening or cutoff in the energy spectrum reveals important details about the underlying electron population. We describe the experiment and the technique for distinguishing gamma-ray events from the much more-abundant hadronic events. We describe the calculation of the significance of the excess from the Crab and how the energy spectrum is fitted. The differential photon energy spectrum, including the statistical errors from the fit, obtained using a simple power-law hypothesis for data between 2005 September and 2008 March is (6.5 +/- 0.4) x 10(-14)(E/10 TeV)(-3.1 +/- 0.1) (cm(2) s TeV)(-1) between similar to 1 TeV and similar to 100 TeV. Allowing for a possible exponential cutoff, the photon energy spectrum is fitted as (2.5(-0.4)(+0.7)) x 10(-12)(E/3 TeV)(-2.5 +/- 0.4) exp(-E/32(-18)(+39) TeV) (cm(2) s TeV)(-1). The results are subject to an similar to 30% systematic uncertainty in the overall flux and an similar to 0.1 systematic uncertainty in the power-law indices quoted. Uncertainty in the overall energy scale has been absorbed into these errors. Fixing the spectral index to values that have been measured below 1 TeV by IACT experiments (2.4-2.6), the fit to the Milagro data suggests that Crab exhibits a spectral steepening or cutoff between about 20-40 TeV. C1 [Abdo, A. A.; Linnemann, J. T.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Abdo, A. A.; Ellsworth, R. W.] George Mason Univ, Sch Phys Astron & Computat Sci, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Allen, B. T.; Chen, C.; Yodh, G. B.] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. [Atkins, R.; Westerhoff, S.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Aune, T.; Benbow, W.; Coyne, D. G.; Dorfan, D. E.; Kelley, L. A.; McCullough, J.; Morales, M. F.; Parkinson, P. M. Saz; Williams, D. A.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz Inst Particle Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Berley, D.; Blaufuss, E.; Bussons, J.; Goodman, J. A.; Lansdell, C. P.; Noyes, D.; Smith, A. J.; Sullivan, G. W.; Vasileiou, V.] Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Bonamente, E.; Huentemeyer, P. H.] Michigan Technol Univ, Dept Phys, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. [Bussons, J.] Univ Murcia, Dept Fis, E-30100 Murcia, Spain. [Christopher, G. E.; Fleysher, L.; Fleysher, R.; Kolterman, B. E.; Mincer, A. I.; Nemethy, P.] NYU, Dept Phys, New York, NY 10003 USA. [DeYoung, T.; Falcone, A.] Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Dingus, B. L.; Haines, T. J.; Hoffman, C. M.; Pretz, J.; Samuelson, F. W.; Sinnis, G.; Walker, G. P.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Grp P23, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Gonzalez, M. M.] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Astron, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico. [Hays, E.; McEnery, J. E.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Morgan, T.; Ryan, J. M.] Univ New Hampshire, Dept Phys, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Shoup, A.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Lima, OH 45804 USA. [Wascko, M.] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Phys & Astron, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. RP Abdo, AA (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. RI Saz Parkinson, Pablo Miguel/I-7980-2013; OI Wascko, Morgan/0000-0002-8348-4447; Dingus, Brenda/0000-0001-8451-7450; Mincer, Allen/0000-0002-6307-1418 FU National Science Foundation [PHY-0245234, PHY-0302000, PHY-0400424, PHY-0504201, PHY-0601080, ATM-0002744]; US Department of Energy (Office of High-Energy Physics and Office of Nuclear Physics); Los Alamos National Laboratory; University of California; Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics FX We gratefully acknowledge Scott Delay and Michael Schneider for their dedicated efforts in the construction and maintenance of the Milagro experiment. This work has been supported by the National Science Foundation (under grants PHY-0245234, PHY-0302000, PHY-0400424, PHY-0504201, PHY-0601080, and ATM-0002744), the US Department of Energy (Office of High-Energy Physics and Office of Nuclear Physics), Los Alamos National Laboratory, the University of California, and the Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics. NR 24 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 8 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 750 IS 1 AR 63 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/750/1/63 PG 9 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 929LB UT WOS:000303063500063 ER PT J AU Collins, DC Kritsuk, AG Padoan, P Li, H Xu, H Ustyugov, SD Norman, ML AF Collins, David C. Kritsuk, Alexei G. Padoan, Paolo Li, Hui Xu, Hao Ustyugov, Sergey D. Norman, Michael L. TI THE TWO STATES OF STAR-FORMING CLOUDS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE magnetohydrodynamics (MHD); stars: formation ID ADAPTIVE MESH REFINEMENT; DENSITY PROBABILITY-DISTRIBUTION; PIECEWISE PARABOLIC METHOD; INITIAL MASS FUNCTION; SUPERSONIC MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMIC TURBULENCE; MOLECULAR CLOUDS; MAGNETIC-FIELD; INTERSTELLAR TURBULENCE; ALFVENIC TURBULENCE; PARTICLE MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMICS AB We examine the effects of self-gravity and magnetic fields on supersonic turbulence in isothermal molecular clouds with high-resolution simulations and adaptive mesh refinement. These simulations use large root grids (512(3)) to capture turbulence and four levels of refinement to follow the collapse to high densities, for an effective resolution of 8192(3). Three Mach 9 simulations are performed, two super-Alfvenic and one trans-Alfvenic. We find that gravity splits the clouds into two populations, one low-density turbulent state and one high-density collapsing state. The low-density state exhibits properties similar to non-self-gravitating in this regime, and we examine the effects of varied magnetic field strength on statistical properties: the density probability distribution function is approximately lognormal, the velocity power spectral slopes decrease with decreasing mean field strength, the alignment between velocity and magnetic field increases with the field, and the magnetic field probability distribution can be fitted to a stretched exponential. The high-density state is well characterized by self-similar spheres: the density probability distribution is a power law, collapse rate decreases with increasing mean field, density power spectra have positive slopes, P(rho, k) alpha k, thermal-to-magnetic pressure ratios are roughly unity for all mean field strengths, dynamic-to-magnetic pressure ratios are larger than unity for all mean field strengths, the magnetic field distribution follows a power-law distribution. The high Alfven Mach numbers in collapsing regions explain the recent observations of magnetic influence decreasing with density. We also find that the high-density state is typically found in filaments formed by converging flows, consistent with recent Herschel observations. Possible modifications to existing star formation theories are explored. The overall trans-Alfvenic nature of star-forming clouds is discussed. C1 [Collins, David C.; Kritsuk, Alexei G.; Norman, Michael L.] Univ Calif San Diego, Ctr Astrophys & Space Sci, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Collins, David C.; Kritsuk, Alexei G.; Norman, Michael L.] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Phys, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Collins, David C.; Li, Hui; Xu, Hao] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM USA. [Padoan, Paolo] Univ Barcelona, ICREA ICC, E-08007 Barcelona, Spain. [Ustyugov, Sergey D.] Russian Acad Sci, MV Keldysh Appl Math Inst, Moscow 125047, Russia. RP Collins, DC (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Ctr Astrophys & Space Sci, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. RI Xu, Hao/B-8734-2014; OI Xu, Hao/0000-0003-4084-9925; Padoan, Paolo/0000-0002-5055-5800 FU National Science Foundation [AST0808184, AST0908740, AST-1109570, AST-0808184]; Los Alamos National Laboratory, LLC for the National Nuclear Security Administration of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC52-06NA25396]; U.S. Department of Energy through the LANL/LDRD FX This work was supported in part by the National Science Foundation under grants AST0808184 and AST0908740. D.C., H.L., and H.X. were supported in part by Los Alamos National Laboratory, LLC for the National Nuclear Security Administration of the U.S. Department of Energy under contract DE-AC52-06NA25396. A.K. was supported in part by the National Science Foundation grant AST-1109570. H.L. gratefully acknowledges the support of the U.S. Department of Energy through the LANL/LDRD program. M.L.N. was supported in part by NSF grant AST-0808184 Computer time was provided through NSF TRAC allocations TG-AST090110 and TG-MCA07S014. The computations were performed on Nautilus and Kraken at the National Institute for Computational Sciences (http://www.nics.tennessee.edu/). NR 94 TC 45 Z9 45 U1 0 U2 6 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 750 IS 1 AR 13 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/750/1/13 PG 18 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 929LB UT WOS:000303063500013 ER PT J AU Johnson, JL Whalen, DJ Fryer, CL Li, H AF Johnson, Jarrett L. Whalen, Daniel J. Fryer, Chris L. Li, Hui TI THE GROWTH OF THE STELLAR SEEDS OF SUPERMASSIVE BLACK HOLES SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE accretion, accretion disks; cosmology: theory; early universe; galaxies: formation; H II regions; stars: formation ID PAIR-INSTABILITY SUPERNOVAE; INITIAL MASS FUNCTION; WEBB-SPACE-TELESCOPE; POPULATION III STARS; DARK-MATTER HALOES; GAMMA-RAY BURST; 1ST STARS; HIGH-REDSHIFT; VIRIAL TEMPERATURES; PRIMORDIAL STARS AB The collapse of baryons into extremely massive stars with masses similar to 10(4) M-circle dot in a small fraction of protogalaxies at z greater than or similar to 10 is a promising candidate for the origin of supermassive black holes (SMBHs), some of which grow to a billion solar masses by z similar to 7. We determine the maximum masses such stars can attain by accreting primordial gas. We find that at relatively low accretion rates the strong ionizing radiation of these stars limits their masses to M-* similar to 10(3) M-circle dot ((M) over dot(acc)/10(-3) M-circle dot yr(-1))(8/7), where (M) over dot(acc) is the rate at which the star gains mass. However, at the higher central infall rates usually found in numerical simulations of protogalactic collapse (>= 0.1 M-circle dot yr(-1)), the lifetime of the star instead limits its final mass to similar to 10(6) M-circle dot. Furthermore, for the spherical accretion rates at which the star can grow, its ionizing radiation is confined deep within the protogalaxy, so the evolution of the star is decoupled from that of its host galaxy. Ly alpha emission from the surrounding H II region is trapped in these heavy accretion flows and likely reprocessed into strong Balmer series emission, which may be observable by the James Webb Space Telescope. This, strong He II lambda 1640, and continuum emission are likely to be the key observational signatures of the progenitors of SMBHs at high redshift. C1 [Johnson, Jarrett L.; Li, Hui] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Nucl & Particle Phys Astrophys & Cosmol Grp T2, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Whalen, Daniel J.] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Phys, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. [Fryer, Chris L.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, CCS 2, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Johnson, JL (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Nucl & Particle Phys Astrophys & Cosmol Grp T2, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM jlj@lanl.gov FU National Nuclear Security Administration of the U.S. Department of Energy at Los Alamos National Laboratory [DE-AC52-06NA25396]; U.S. Department of Energy through the LANL/LDRD; LANL LDRD at Los Alamos National Laboratory FX We gratefully acknowledge the support of the U.S. Department of Energy through the LANL/LDRD Program for this work. We thank Stirling Colgate, Dave Collins, Alex Heger, Kevin Honnell, Sadegh Khochfar, Tsing-Wai Wong, and Hao Xu for helpful discussions. This work also benefited from the constructive comments of an anonymous reviewer. J.L.J. gratefully acknowledges the support of a LANL LDRD Director's Post-doctoral Fellowship at Los Alamos National Laboratory. D.J.W. acknowledges support from the Bruce and Astrid McWilliams Center for Cosmology at CMU. Work at LANL was done under the auspices of the National Nuclear Security Administration of the U.S. Department of Energy at Los Alamos National Laboratory under Contract No. DE-AC52-06NA25396. NR 122 TC 51 Z9 51 U1 0 U2 6 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 750 IS 1 AR 66 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/750/1/66 PG 12 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 929LB UT WOS:000303063500066 ER PT J AU Konopacky, QM Ghez, AM Fabrycky, DC Macintosh, BA White, RJ Barman, TS Rice, EL Hallinan, G Duchene, G AF Konopacky, Q. M. Ghez, A. M. Fabrycky, D. C. Macintosh, B. A. White, R. J. Barman, T. S. Rice, E. L. Hallinan, G. Duchene, G. TI ROTATIONAL VELOCITIES OF INDIVIDUAL COMPONENTS IN VERY LOW MASS BINARIES SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE binaries: visual; brown dwarfs; stars: fundamental parameters; stars: low-mass; stars: rotation ID ADAPTIVE OPTICS SURVEY; T-TAURI STARS; LATE M-DWARF; BROWN DWARF; DYNAMICAL MASSES; RADIO-EMISSION; CHROMOSPHERIC ACTIVITY; MULTIPLE SYSTEMS; M6.0-M7.5 STARS; TIDAL FRICTION AB We present rotational velocities for individual components of 11 very low mass (VLM) binaries with spectral types between M7 and L7.5. These results are based on observations taken with the near-infrared spectrograph, NIRSPEC, and the Keck II laser guide star adaptive optics system. We find that the observed sources tend to be rapid rotators (v sin i > 10 km s(-1)), consistent with previous seeing-limited measurements of VLM objects. The two sources with the largest v sin i, LP 349-25B and HD 130948C, are rotating at similar to 30% of their break-up speed, and are among the most rapidly rotating VLM objects known. Furthermore, five binary systems, all with orbital semimajor axes less than or similar to 3.5 AU, have component v sin i values that differ by greater than 3 sigma. To bring the binary components with discrepant rotational velocities into agreement would require the rotational axes to be inclined with respect to each other, and that at least one component is inclined with respect to the orbital plane. Alternatively, each component could be rotating at a different rate, even though they have similar spectral types. Both differing rotational velocities and inclinations have implications for binary star formation and evolution. We also investigate possible dynamical evolution in the triple system HD 130948A-BC. The close binary brown dwarfs B and C have significantly different v sin i values. We demonstrate that components B and C could have been torqued into misalignment by the primary star, A, via orbital precession. Such a scenario can also be applied to another triple system in our sample, GJ 569A-Bab. Interactions such as these may play an important role in the dynamical evolution of VLM binaries. Finally, we note that two of the binaries with large differences in component v sin i, LP 349-25AB and 2MASS 0746+20AB, are also known radio sources. C1 [Konopacky, Q. M.; Macintosh, B. A.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Ghez, A. M.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Div Astron & Astrophys, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Fabrycky, D. C.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [White, R. J.] Georgia State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA. [Barman, T. S.] Lowell Observ, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. [Rice, E. L.] Amer Museum Nat Hist, New York, NY 10024 USA. [Hallinan, G.] CALTECH, Dept Astrophys, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Duchene, G.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Astron, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Duchene, G.] Univ Grenoble 1, CNRS INSU, IPAG, UMR 5274, F-38041 Grenoble, France. RP Konopacky, QM (reprint author), Univ Toronto, Dunlap Inst Astron & Astrophys, 50 St George St, Toronto, ON M5S 3H4, Canada. EM konopacky@di.utoronto.ca; ghez@astro.ucla.edu; fabrycky@ucolick.org; macintosh1@llnl.gov; white@chara.gsu.edu; barman@lowell.edu; erice@amnh.org; gh@astro.caltech.edu; gduchene@berkeley.edu RI Rice, Emily/G-4446-2013; OI Rice, Emily/0000-0002-3252-5886; Fabrycky, Daniel/0000-0003-3750-0183 FU U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344]; National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) [NNX1 OAH39G]; NSF Science & Technology Center for AO [AST-9876783]; NSF/AAG [0908018]; National Science Foundation; W.M. Keck Foundation FX The authors thank the observing assistants Joel Aycock, Heather Hershley, Carolyn Parker, Gary Puniwai, Chuck Sorenson, Terry Stickel, and Cynthia Wilburn, and support astronomers Randy Campbell, Al Conrad, Marc Kassis, Jim Lyke, and Hien Tran for their help in obtaining the observations. We thank John Bailey for helpful advice regarding the analysis. We also thank an anonymous referee for helpful suggestions for the improvement of this document. This work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under the Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. Support for this work was provided by the NASA Origins Program (NNX1 OAH39G) and the NSF Science & Technology Center for AO, managed by UCSC (AST-9876783). Some of the spectral analysis tools used in this study were developed in part by funding provided by the NSF/AAG Grant #0908018. This publication makes use of data products from the Two Micron All Sky Survey, which is a joint project of the University of Massachusetts and the Infrared Processing and Analysis Center/California Institute of Technology, funded by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration and the National Science Foundation. The W.M. Keck Observatory is operated as a scientific partnership among the California Institute of Technology, the University of California and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. The Observatory was made possible by the generous financial support of the W.M. Keck Foundation. The authors also wish to recognize and acknowledge the very significant cultural role and reverence that the summit of Mauna Kea has always had within the indigenous Hawaiian community. We are most fortunate to have the opportunity to conduct observations from this mountain. NR 83 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 4 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 750 IS 1 AR 79 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/750/1/79 PG 14 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 929LB UT WOS:000303063500079 ER PT J AU Meyers, J Aldering, G Barbary, K Barrientos, LF Brodwin, M Dawson, KS Deustua, S Doi, M Eisenhardt, P Faccioli, L Fakhouri, HK Fruchter, AS Gilbank, DG Gladders, MD Goldhaber, G Gonzalez, AH Hattori, T Hsiao, E Ihara, Y Kashikawa, N Koester, B Konishi, K Lidman, C Lubin, L Morokuma, T Oda, T Perlmutter, S Postman, M Ripoche, P Rosati, P Rubin, D Rykoff, E Spadafora, A Stanford, SA Suzuki, N Takanashi, N Tokita, K Yasuda, N AF Meyers, J. Aldering, G. Barbary, K. Barrientos, L. F. Brodwin, M. Dawson, K. S. Deustua, S. Doi, M. Eisenhardt, P. Faccioli, L. Fakhouri, H. K. Fruchter, A. S. Gilbank, D. G. Gladders, M. D. Goldhaber, G. Gonzalez, A. H. Hattori, T. Hsiao, E. Ihara, Y. Kashikawa, N. Koester, B. Konishi, K. Lidman, C. Lubin, L. Morokuma, T. Oda, T. Perlmutter, S. Postman, M. Ripoche, P. Rosati, P. Rubin, D. Rykoff, E. Spadafora, A. Stanford, S. A. Suzuki, N. Takanashi, N. Tokita, K. Yasuda, N. CA Supernova Cosmology Project TI THE HUBBLE SPACE TELESCOPE CLUSTER SUPERNOVA SURVEY. III. CORRELATED PROPERTIES OF TYPE Ia SUPERNOVAE AND THEIR HOSTS AT 0.9 < z < 1.46 SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE cosmology: observations; dark energy; distance scale; galaxies: clusters: general; galaxies: elliptical and lenticular, cD; supernovae: general ID EARLY-TYPE GALAXIES; COLOR-MAGNITUDE RELATION; HIGH-REDSHIFT CLUSTERS; DIGITAL SKY SURVEY; SIMILAR-TO 1; INITIAL MASS FUNCTION; AMES ELLIPTIC GALAXIES; RECENT STAR-FORMATION; IRAC SHALLOW SURVEY; DISTANT CLUSTERS AB Using the sample of Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) discovered by the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) Cluster Supernova Survey and augmented with HST-observed SNe Ia in the Great Observatories Origins Deep Survey (GOODS) fields, we search for correlations between the properties of SNe and their host galaxies at high redshift. We use galaxy color and quantitative morphology to determine the red sequence in 25 clusters and develop a model to distinguish passively evolving early-type galaxies from star-forming galaxies in both clusters and the field. With this approach, we identify 6 SN Ia hosts that are early-type cluster members and 11 SN Ia hosts that are early-type field galaxies. We confirm for the first time at z > 0.9 that SNe Ia hosted by early-type galaxies brighten and fade more quickly than SNe Ia hosted by late-type galaxies. We also show that the two samples of hosts produce SNe Ia with similar color distributions. The relatively simple spectral energy distributions expected for passive galaxies enable us to measure stellar masses of early-type SN hosts. In combination with stellar mass estimates of late-type GOODS SN hosts from Thomson & Chary, we investigate the correlation of host mass with Hubble residual observed at lower redshifts. Although the sample is small and the uncertainties are large, a hint of this relation is found atz > 0.9. By simultaneously fitting the average cluster galaxy formation history and dust content to the red-sequence scatters, we show that the reddening of early-type cluster SN hosts is likely E(B - V) less than or similar to 0.06. The similarity of the field and cluster early-type host samples suggests that field early-type galaxies that lie on the red sequence may also be minimally affected by dust. Hence, the early-type-hosted SNe Ia studied here occupy a more favorable environment to use as well-characterized high-redshift standard candles than other SNe Ia. C1 [Meyers, J.; Barbary, K.; Fakhouri, H. K.; Goldhaber, G.; Perlmutter, S.; Rubin, D.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Meyers, J.; Aldering, G.; Barbary, K.; Faccioli, L.; Fakhouri, H. K.; Goldhaber, G.; Hsiao, E.; Perlmutter, S.; Ripoche, P.; Rubin, D.; Rykoff, E.; Spadafora, A.; Suzuki, N.] EO Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Barrientos, L. F.] Pontificia Univ Catolica Chile, Dept Astron, Santiago, Chile. [Brodwin, M.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Dawson, K. S.] Univ Utah, Dept Phys & Astron, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. [Deustua, S.; Fruchter, A. S.; Postman, M.] Space Telescope Sci Inst, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Doi, M.; Ihara, Y.; Morokuma, T.; Tokita, K.] Univ Tokyo, Grad Sch Sci, Inst Astron, Mitaka, Tokyo 1810015, Japan. [Eisenhardt, P.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [Gilbank, D. G.] Univ Waterloo, Dept Phys & Astron, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada. [Gladders, M. D.; Koester, B.] Univ Chicago, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Gonzalez, A. H.] Univ Florida, Dept Astron, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Hattori, T.] Natl Inst Nat Sci, Natl Astron Observ Japan, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. [Kashikawa, N.; Morokuma, T.; Takanashi, N.] Natl Inst Nat Sci, Natl Astron Observ Japan, Mitaka, Tokyo 1818588, Japan. [Koester, B.] Univ Chicago, Kavli Inst Cosmol Phys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Konishi, K.; Yasuda, N.] Univ Tokyo, Inst Cosm Ray Res, Kashiwa, Chiba 2778582, Japan. [Lidman, C.] Australian Astron Observ, Epping, NSW 1710, Australia. [Lubin, L.; Stanford, S. A.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Phys, Davis, CA 95618 USA. [Oda, T.] Kyoto Univ, Dept Astron, Sakyo Ku, Kyoto 6068502, Japan. [Rosati, P.] ESO, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Stanford, S. A.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Inst Geophys & Planetary Phys, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Meyers, J (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM jmeyers314@berkeley.edu RI Perlmutter, Saul/I-3505-2015; OI Perlmutter, Saul/0000-0002-4436-4661; Meyers, Joshua/0000-0002-2308-4230 FU NASA from the Space Telescope Science Institute [GO-10496]; NASA [NAS 5-26555]; Office of Science, Office of High Energy and Nuclear Physics, of the U.S. Department of Energy [AC02-05CH11231]; JSPS [20040003] FX We thank a very helpful referee for suggestions that improved the quality of this paper. We also thank Pasquale Temi for comments on the infrared dust properties of nearby early-type galaxies. Financial support for this work was provided by NASA through program GO-10496 from the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by AURA, Inc., under NASA contract NAS 5-26555. This work was also supported in part by the Director, Office of Science, Office of High Energy and Nuclear Physics, of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. AC02-05CH11231, as well as a JSPS core-to-core program "International Research Network for Dark Energy" and by a JSPS research grant (20040003). The authors wish to recognize and acknowledge the very significant cultural role and reverence that the summit of Mauna Kea has always had within the indigenous Hawaiian community. We are most fortunate to have the opportunity to conduct observations from this mountain. Finally, this work would not have been possible without the dedicated efforts of the daytime and nighttime support staff at the Cerro Paranal Observatory. NR 154 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 5 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 750 IS 1 AR 1 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/750/1/1 PG 23 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 929LB UT WOS:000303063500001 ER PT J AU Saumon, D Marley, MS Abel, M Frommhold, L Freedman, RS AF Saumon, Didier Marley, Mark S. Abel, Martin Frommhold, Lothar Freedman, Richard S. TI NEW H-2 COLLISION-INDUCED ABSORPTION AND NH3 OPACITY AND THE SPECTRA OF THE COOLEST BROWN DWARFS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE brown dwarfs; opacity; stars: atmospheres ID MOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPIC DATABASE; GIANT PLANET ATMOSPHERES; ALL-SKY SURVEY; T-DWARFS; LINE LIST; CHEMICAL-EQUILIBRIUM; GLIESE 229B; L-SUBDWARF; UGPS J072227.51-054031.2; INFRARED PHOTOMETRY AB We present new cloudy and cloudless model atmospheres for brown dwarfs using recent ab initio calculations of the line list of ammonia (NH3) and of the collision-induced absorption of molecular hydrogen (H-2). We compare the new synthetic spectra with models based on an earlier description of the H-2 and NH3 opacities. We find a significant improvement in fitting the nearly complete spectral energy distribution of the T7p dwarf Gliese 570D and in near-infrared color-magnitude diagrams of field brown dwarfs. We apply these new models to the identification of NH3 absorption in the H-band peak of very late T dwarfs and the new Y dwarfs and discuss the observed trend in the NH3-H spectral index. The new NH3 line list also allows a detailed study of the medium-resolution spectrum of the T9/T10 dwarf UGPS J072227.51-054031.2 where we identify several specific features caused by NH3. C1 [Saumon, Didier] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Freedman, Richard S.] NASA, Space Sci & Astrobiol Div, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. [Abel, Martin; Frommhold, Lothar] Univ Texas Austin, Dept Phys, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Freedman, Richard S.] SETI Inst, Mountain View, CA 94043 USA. RP Saumon, D (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663,Mail Stop F663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM dsaumon@lanl.gov; Mark.S.Marley@nasa.gov; mabel@physics.utexas.edu; frommhold@physics.utexas.edu; freedman@darkstar.arc.nasa.gov RI Marley, Mark/I-4704-2013; OI Marley, Mark/0000-0002-5251-2943 FU NASA [NNH11AQ54I]; NSF [AST0708496, AST0709106] FX D.S., M.S.M., and R.S.F. acknowledge support from NASA Astrophysics Theory grant NNH11AQ54I. L.F. and M.A. thank K.L.C. Hunt and her associates for the quantum chemical results provided to us prior to publication, which made their work possible. L.F. and M.A. also acknowledge NSF support through grants AST0708496 and AST0709106. NR 104 TC 50 Z9 50 U1 1 U2 10 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 750 IS 1 AR 74 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/750/1/74 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 929LB UT WOS:000303063500074 ER PT J AU Osumi-Sutherland, D Reeve, S Mungall, CJ Neuhaus, F Ruttenberg, A Jefferis, GSXE Armstrong, JD AF Osumi-Sutherland, David Reeve, Simon Mungall, Christopher J. Neuhaus, Fabian Ruttenberg, Alan Jefferis, Gregory S. X. E. Armstrong, J. Douglas TI A strategy for building neuroanatomy ontologies SO BIOINFORMATICS LA English DT Article ID DROSOPHILA; SYSTEM; CIRCUITS; FRUIT AB Motivation: Advancing our understanding of how nervous systems work will require the ability to store and annotate 3D anatomical datasets, recording morphology, partonomy and connectivity at multiple levels of granularity from subcellular to gross anatomy. It will also require the ability to integrate this data with other datatypes including functional, genetic and electrophysiological data. The web ontology language OWL2 provides the means to solve many of these problems. Using it, one can rigorously define and relate classes of anatomical structure using multiple criteria. The resulting classes can be used to annotate datasets recording, for example, gene expression or electrophysiology. Reasoning software can be used to automate classification and error checking and to construct and answer sophisticated combinatorial queries. But for such queries to give consistent and biologically meaningful results, it is important that both classes and the terms ( relations) used to relate them are carefully defined. Results: We formally define a set of relations for recording the spatial and connectivity relationships of neuron classes and brain regions in a broad range of species, from vertebrates to arthropods. We illustrate the utility of our approach via its application in the ontology that drives the Virtual Fly Brain web resource. C1 [Osumi-Sutherland, David; Reeve, Simon] Univ Cambridge, Dept Genet, Cambridge CB2 3EH, England. [Mungall, Christopher J.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Genom Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Neuhaus, Fabian] SUNY Buffalo, Dept Philosophy, Natl Ctr Ontol Res, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. [Ruttenberg, Alan] SUNY Buffalo, Sch Dent Med, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. [Jefferis, Gregory S. X. E.] MRC Lab Mol Biol, Div Neurobiol, Cambridge CB2 0QH, England. [Armstrong, J. Douglas] Univ Edinburgh, Sch Informat, Edinburgh EH8 9AB, Midlothian, Scotland. RP Osumi-Sutherland, D (reprint author), Univ Cambridge, Dept Genet, Downing St, Cambridge CB2 3EH, England. EM djs93@gen.cam.ac.uk OI Osumi-Sutherland, David/0000-0002-7073-9172; Ruttenberg, Alan/0000-0002-1604-3078 FU Biology and Biotechnology Research Council [BB/G02233X/1]; Isaac Newton trust; Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the US Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX This work was funded by the Biology and Biotechnology Research Council [grant number BB/G02233X/1] to [DOS, JDA, SR]; The Isaac Newton trust [to DOS]; The Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the US Department of Energy [Contract number DE-AC02-05CH11231] to CJM. NR 35 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 5 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1367-4803 J9 BIOINFORMATICS JI Bioinformatics PD MAY 1 PY 2012 VL 28 IS 9 BP 1262 EP 1269 DI 10.1093/bioinformatics/bts113 PG 8 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Mathematical & Computational Biology; Statistics & Probability SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Computer Science; Mathematical & Computational Biology; Mathematics GA 933CY UT WOS:000303338200010 PM 22402613 ER PT J AU Oh, JE Moon, J Oh, SG Clark, SM Monteio, PJM AF Oh, Jae Eun Moon, Juhyuk Oh, Sang-Gyun Clark, Simon M. Monteio, Paulo J. M. TI Microstructural and compositional change of NaOH-activated high calcium fly ash by incorporating Na-aluminate and co-existence of geopolymeric gel and C-S-H(I) SO CEMENT AND CONCRETE RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE C-S-H; X-ray diffraction; Fly ash; Alkali activated cement; Geopolymer ID SILICATE HYDRATE; S-H; MICROANALYSIS; PRODUCTS; BINDERS; CEMENT AB This study explores the reaction products of alkali-activated Class C fly ash-based aluminosilicate samples by means of high-resolution synchrotron X-ray diffraction (HSXRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), and compressive strength tests to investigate how the readily available aluminum affects the reaction. Class C fly ash-based aluminosilicate raw materials were prepared by incorporating Na-aluminate into the original fly ashes, then alkali-activated by 10 M NaOH solution. Incorporating Na-aluminate reduced the compressive strength of samples, with the reduction magnitude relatively constant regardless of length of curing period. The HSXRD provides evidence of the co-existence of C-S-H with geopolymeric gels and strongly suggests that the C-S-H formed in the current system is C-S-H(I). The back-scattered electron images suggest that the C-S-H(I) phase exists as small grains in a finely intermixed form with geopolymeric gels. Despite providing extra source of aluminum, adding Na-aluminate to the mixes did not decrease the Si/Al ratio of the geopolymeric gel. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Oh, Jae Eun; Moon, Juhyuk; Monteio, Paulo J. M.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Oh, Jae Eun] Ulsan Natl Inst Sci & Technol, Sch Urban & Environm Engn, Ulsan Metropolitan City 689798, South Korea. [Oh, Sang-Gyun] Dong Eui Univ, Dept Architectural Engn, Pusan 614714, South Korea. [Clark, Simon M.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Adv Light Source, Berkeley, DC 20015 USA. [Clark, Simon M.] Macquarie Univ, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia. RP Monteio, PJM (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM monteiro@berkeley.edu RI Moon, Juhyuk/G-9388-2011; Moon, Juhyuk/B-7009-2016; Clark, Simon/B-2041-2013; OI Moon, Juhyuk/0000-0002-7049-892X; Clark, Simon/0000-0002-7488-3438; Oh, Jae Eun/0000-0002-2318-3001 FU Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) [KUS-l1-004021]; NIST [60NANB10D014]; Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX This publication was based on the work supported in part by Award no. KUS-l1-004021, made by King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) and by NIST Grant no. 60NANB10D014. The Advanced Light Source is supported by the Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract no. DE-AC02-05CH11231. NR 20 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 3 U2 35 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0008-8846 J9 CEMENT CONCRETE RES JI Cem. Concr. Res. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 42 IS 5 BP 673 EP 685 DI 10.1016/j.cemconres.2012.02.002 PG 13 WC Construction & Building Technology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Construction & Building Technology; Materials Science GA 931LO UT WOS:000303221600004 ER PT J AU Huang, YL Deng, WH Guo, ER Chung, PW Chen, S Trewyn, BG Brown, RC Lin, VSY AF Huang, Yulin Deng, Weihua Guo, Enruo Chung, Po-Wen Chen, Senniang Trewyn, Brian G. Brown, Robert C. Lin, Victor S. -Y. TI Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticle-Stabilized and Manganese-Modified Rhodium Nanoparticles as Catalysts for Highly Selective Synthesis of Ethanol and Acetaldehyde from Syngas SO CHEMCATCHEM LA English DT Article DE hydrogenation; manganese; mesoporous materials; nanoparticles; supported catalysts ID SYNTHESIS GAS CONVERSION; SUPPORTED RH CATALYSTS; BIOMASS-DERIVED SYNGAS; CO HYDROGENATION; ENANTIOSELECTIVE HYDROGENATION; OXYGENATE SYNTHESIS; COBALT CATALYSTS; HIGHER ALCOHOLS; PARTICLE-SIZE; RH-MN-LI/SIO2 AB Well-defined and monodispersed rhodium nanoparticles as small as approximately 2 nm were encapsulated in situ and stabilized in a mesoporous silica nanoparticle (MSN) framework during the synthesis of the mesoporous material. Although both the activity and selectivity of MSN-encapsulated rhodium nanoparticles in CO hydrogenation could be improved by the addition of manganese oxide as expected, the carbon selectivity for C2 oxygenates (including ethanol and acetaldehyde) was unprecedentedly high at 74.5?% with a very small amount of methanol produced if rhodium nanoparticles were modified by manganese oxide with very close interaction. C1 [Huang, Yulin; Guo, Enruo; Chung, Po-Wen; Chen, Senniang; Trewyn, Brian G.; Lin, Victor S. -Y.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Huang, Yulin; Guo, Enruo; Chung, Po-Wen; Chen, Senniang; Trewyn, Brian G.; Lin, Victor S. -Y.] Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, US DOE, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Deng, Weihua; Brown, Robert C.] Iowa State Univ, Ctr Sustainable Environm Technol, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Brown, Robert C.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Chung, Po-Wen] Univ Calif Berkeley, Energy Biosci Inst, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Huang, YL (reprint author), Univ Delaware, Catalysis Ctr Energy Innovat, Ctr Catalyt Sci & Technol, Dept Chem Engn, Newark, DE 19716 USA. EM yulhuang@udel.edu FU Ames Laboratory by the U.S. DOE, office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-07CH11358]; Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy [DE-FC26-06NT43027] FX This research was supported at Ames Laboratory by the U.S. DOE, office of Basic Energy Sciences (DE-AC02-07CH11358) and Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (DE-FC26-06NT43027). We thank Professor Robert J. Angelici at Iowa State University for his many helpful suggestions concerning this work. NR 68 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 63 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 1867-3880 J9 CHEMCATCHEM JI ChemCatChem PD MAY PY 2012 VL 4 IS 5 BP 674 EP 680 DI 10.1002/cctc.201100460 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 930PL UT WOS:000303151500015 ER PT J AU Sok, S Gordon, MS AF Sok, Sarom Gordon, Mark S. TI A dash of protons: A theoretical study on the hydrolysis mechanism of 1-substituted silatranes and their protonated analogs SO COMPUTATIONAL AND THEORETICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Silatrane; Hydrolysis; Mechanism; Acid catalyzed; Ring cleavage; MP2 ID MOLECULAR-ORBITAL METHODS; PENTACOORDINATE SILICON-COMPOUNDS; GAUSSIAN-TYPE BASIS; AB-INITIO; 5-PARA-CHLOROPHENYL SILATRANE; TRANSANNULAR INTERACTION; ORGANIC-MOLECULES; BOND; CHEMISTRY; 1-ARYLOXYSILATRANES AB Ab initio calculations were carried out to study the hydrolysis mechanism of 1-substituted silatranes in the presence of an acid (acid-catalyzed) and an additional water (water-assisted). Compared with the neutral hydrolysis mechanism involving one water, use of an acid catalyst reduces the barrier associated with the rate-limiting step by approximate to 14 kcal/mol. A modest decrease of approximate to 5 kcal/mol is predicted when an additional water molecule is added to the neutral hydrolysis mechanism involving one water. The combination of an acid catalyst and an additional water molecule reduces the barrier by approximate to 27 kcal/mol. Bond order analysis suggests ring cleavage involving the bond breaking of a siloxane and silanol group during the neutral and acid-catalyzed hydrolysis of 1-substituted silatranes. respectively. Solvent effects, represented by the PCM continuum model, do not qualitatively alter computational gas-phase results. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Gordon, Mark S.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Gordon, MS (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM mark@si.msg.chem.iastate.edu FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR) FX This work was supported by funding from the Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR). MP2 calculations have been performed on Cy Blue, an IBM Blue Gene/L supercomputer, located at the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Information Infrastructure Institute at Iowa State University in Ames, IA. The authors thank Dr. Srinivas Aluru for providing the ISU computational resources and Leo C. DeSesso for invaluable assistance in reviewing and editing the manuscript. NR 98 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 2210-271X J9 COMPUT THEOR CHEM JI Comput. Theor. Chem. PD MAY 1 PY 2012 VL 987 SI SI BP 2 EP 15 DI 10.1016/j.comptc.2011.08.011 PG 14 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 929XE UT WOS:000303098200002 ER PT J AU Mei, DH Ge, QF AF Mei, Donghai Ge, Qingfeng TI A DFT plus U study of structure and reducibility of CenO2n-x (n <= 4, 0 <= x <= n) nanoclusters SO COMPUTATIONAL AND THEORETICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Ceria; Nanocluster; Structure; Reducibility ID DENSITY-FUNCTIONAL THEORY; TOTAL-ENERGY CALCULATIONS; AUGMENTED-WAVE METHOD; GAS SHIFT REACTION; OXYGEN VACANCIES; CERIA SURFACES; BASIS-SET; HYDROGEN; NANOPARTICLES; CEO2 AB Equilibrium structures, stability and reducibility of CenO2n-x (n <= 4, x = 0 similar to 4) nanoclusters have been studied using first principles DFT + U method. The planar rhombus Ce2O2 structure is found to be the building block for the most stable CenO2n-x clusters. The normalized binding energy of the cluster decreases linearly with increasing cluster size. The most stable stoichiometric CenO2n clusters are electronically in closed-shell configuration (singlet), while the non-stoichiometric CenO2n-x clusters are in a high spin state (triplet or quintet). The reduction energy, i.e., the energy required to remove an oxygen atom from a cluster, increases with the size and the extent of reduction. On the other hand, per electron based reduction energy for the cluster to reach the same formal oxidation state is independent of the cluster size. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Mei, Donghai] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Inst Interfacial Catalysis, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Ge, Qingfeng] So Illinois Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Carbondale, IL 62901 USA. RP Mei, DH (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Inst Interfacial Catalysis, POB 999,K1-83, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM donghai.mei@pnl.gov; qge@chem.siu.edu RI Ge, Qingfeng/A-8498-2009; Mei, Donghai/A-2115-2012; Mei, Donghai/D-3251-2011 OI Ge, Qingfeng/0000-0001-6026-6693; Mei, Donghai/0000-0002-0286-4182; FU Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD); Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL); National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center (NERSC) FX This work was supported by the Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) project of the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL). The computations were performed using the Molecular Science Computing Facility in the William R. Wiley Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory (EMSL), which is a US Department of Energy national scientific user facility located at PNNL in Richland, Washington. Computing time was also made under a Computational Grand Challenge "Computational Catalysis". Part of the computing time was also granted by the National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center (NERSC). NR 40 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 5 U2 44 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 2210-271X EI 1872-7999 J9 COMPUT THEOR CHEM JI Comput. Theor. Chem. PD MAY 1 PY 2012 VL 987 SI SI BP 25 EP 31 DI 10.1016/j.comptc.2011.11.009 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 929XE UT WOS:000303098200005 ER PT J AU Du, JC Devanathan, R Corrales, LR Weber, WJ AF Du, Jincheng Devanathan, Ram Corrales, L. Rene Weber, William J. TI First-principles calculations of the electronic structure, phase transition and properties of ZrSiO4 polymorphs SO COMPUTATIONAL AND THEORETICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Zircon; Reidite; Density functional theory (DFT); Phase transition; Electronic structure; Thermo-mechanical property ID TOTAL-ENERGY CALCULATIONS; WAVE BASIS-SET; HIGH-PRESSURE; GATE DIELECTRICS; SCHEELITE TRANSITION; RADIATION-DAMAGE; ZIRCON ZRSIO4; DENSITY; COMPRESSIBILITY; DECOMPOSITION AB First-principles periodic density functional theory (DFT) calculations have been performed to understand the electronic structure, chemical bonding, phase transition, and physical properties of the mineral zircon (in the chemical composition of ZrSiO4) and its high pressure phase reidite. Temperature effect on phase transition and thermal-mechanical properties such as heat capacity and bulk modulus have been studied by combining the equation of states obtained from DFT calculations with the quasi-harmonic Debye model to take into account the entropy contribution to free energy. Local density approximation (LDA) and generalized gradient approximation (GGA) DFT functionals have been systematically compared in predicting the structure and property of this material. It is found that the LDA functional provides a better description of the equilibrium structure and bulk modulus, while GGA predicts a transition pressure closer to experimental values. Both functionals correctly predict the relative stability of the two phases, with GGA giving slightly larger energy differences. The calculated band structures show that both zircon and reidite have indirect bandgaps and the reidite phase has a narrower bandgap than the zircon phase. The electronic density of states and atomic charges analyses show that bonding in the high-pressure reidite phase has a stronger covalent character. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Du, Jincheng] Univ N Texas, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, CASCaM, Denton, TX 76203 USA. [Devanathan, Ram] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Chem & Mat Sci, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Corrales, L. Rene] Univ Arizona, Dept Chem, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Corrales, L. Rene] Univ Arizona, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Weber, William J.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Weber, William J.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Du, JC (reprint author), Univ N Texas, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, CASCaM, Denton, TX 76203 USA. EM Jincheng.du@unt.edu RI Weber, William/A-4177-2008; Devanathan, Ram/C-7247-2008 OI Weber, William/0000-0002-9017-7365; Devanathan, Ram/0000-0001-8125-4237 FU Office of Basic Energy Sciences, US Department of Energy (DOE); DOE's Office of Biological and Environmental Research FX This work was supported by the Office of Basic Energy Sciences, US Department of Energy (DOE). This research was performed in part using the Molecular Science Computing Facility in the William R. Wiley Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory (EMSL) at the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL). The EMSL is funded by DOE's Office of Biological and Environmental Research. Battelle operates PNNL for DOE. NR 50 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 33 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 2210-271X J9 COMPUT THEOR CHEM JI Comput. Theor. Chem. PD MAY 1 PY 2012 VL 987 SI SI BP 62 EP 70 DI 10.1016/j.comptc.2011.03.033 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 929XE UT WOS:000303098200009 ER PT J AU Uberuaga, BP Stuart, SJ Windl, W Masquelier, MP Voter, AF AF Uberuaga, Blas P. Stuart, Steven J. Windl, Wolfgang Masquelier, Michael P. Voter, Arthur F. TI Fullerene and graphene formation from carbon nanotube fragments SO COMPUTATIONAL AND THEORETICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Accelerated molecular dynamics; Carbon nanotubes; Graphene; Parallel replica dynamics; Temperature accelerated dynamics; Infrequent events ID INITIO MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; TOTAL-ENERGY CALCULATIONS; AUGMENTED-WAVE METHOD; INFREQUENT EVENTS; BASIS-SET; HYDROCARBONS; SIMULATION; TRANSITION; MECHANISM; SYSTEMS AB We study the long-time annealing behavior of 60-atom fragments of carbon nanotubes using two accelerated molecular dynamics methods. We find that this behavior depends strongly on the geometry of the nanotube fragment. Fragments from (n, n) nanotubes with n <= 5 quickly form closed structures. Whether the terminations of (n, 0) fragments (n <= 9) close depends on the structure of the termination. Those forming a zigzag structure remain open for the duration of our simulations. Fragments from (n, n) nanotubes with n >= 6 exhibit surprising behavior, with (7, 7) fragments unfolding to form thermodynamically unfavorable graphene fragments. These results suggest that small-radius (n, n) fragments will be unreactive with other molecules, large-radius (n, n) fragments will react with other molecules, and the reactivity of (n, 0) fragments will depend on the details of their structure. We include a discussion of the accelerated molecular dynamics methods and some of the implementation details to give the reader a sense of how they can be effectively applied to this kind of system. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Uberuaga, Blas P.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Stuart, Steven J.] Clemson Univ, Dept Chem, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. [Windl, Wolfgang] Ohio State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Masquelier, Michael P.] Motorola Inc, Computat Nanosci Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. [Voter, Arthur F.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Uberuaga, BP (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM blas@lanl.gov RI Stuart, Steven/H-1111-2012; Windl, Wolfgang/C-7255-2012 OI Windl, Wolfgang/0000-0001-5892-0684 FU United States Department of Energy (US DOE) Office of Basic Energy Sciences; Materials Sciences and Engineering Division; cooperative research and development agreement (CRA-DA) with Motorola; Los Alamos National Security, LLC, for the National Nuclear Security Administration of the US DOE [DE-AC52-06NA25396]; Center for Emergent Materials at The Ohio State University; NSF MRSEC [DMR-0820414]; NSF [DMR-0925529, CHE-0239448]; Ohio Supercomputer Center; DOE [DE-FG02-01 ER45889] FX The authors acknowledge helpful discussions with X.-Y. Liu. Work at Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) was supported by the United States Department of Energy (US DOE) Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Sciences and Engineering Division, and through a cooperative research and development agreement (CRA-DA) with Motorola. LANL is operated by Los Alamos National Security, LLC, for the National Nuclear Security Administration of the US DOE under Contract No. DE-AC52-06NA25396. WW acknowledges partial funding by the Center for Emergent Materials at The Ohio State University, an NSF MRSEC (Award Number DMR-0820414), and by NSF Award Number DMR-0925529, as well as computational support from the Ohio Supercomputer Center. SJS gratefully acknowledges financial support by the DOE (DE-FG02-01 ER45889) and the NSF (CHE-0239448). NR 30 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 23 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 2210-271X EI 1872-7999 J9 COMPUT THEOR CHEM JI Comput. Theor. Chem. PD MAY 1 PY 2012 VL 987 SI SI BP 115 EP 121 DI 10.1016/j.comptc.2011.11.030 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 929XE UT WOS:000303098200015 ER PT J AU Parish, ES Kodra, E Steinhaeuser, K Ganguly, AR AF Parish, Esther S. Kodra, Evan Steinhaeuser, Karsten Ganguly, Auroop R. TI Estimating future global per capita water availability based on changes in climate and population SO COMPUTERS & GEOSCIENCES LA English DT Article DE Climate change impacts; Population growth; Resource scarcity; Water availability ID FRESH-WATER; RESOURCES; UNCERTAINTY; MODELS; TEMPERATURE; PROJECTIONS; EMISSIONS; TRENDS AB Human populations are profoundly affected by water stress, or the lack of sufficient per capita available freshwater. Water stress can result from overuse of available freshwater resources or from a reduction in the amount of available water due to decreases in rainfall and stored water supplies. Analyzing the interrelationship between human populations and water availability is complicated by the uncertainties associated with climate change projections and population projections. We present a simple methodology developed to integrate disparate climate and population data sources and develop first-order per capita water availability projections at the global scale. Simulations from the coupled land-ocean-atmosphere Community Climate System Model version 3 (CCSM3) forced with a range of hypothetical greenhouse gas emissions scenarios are used to project grid-based changes in precipitation minus evapotranspiration as proxies for changes in runoff, or fresh water supply. Population growth changes, according to Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) storylines, are used as proxies for changes in fresh water demand by 2025, 2050 and 2100. These freshwater supply and demand projections are then combined to yield estimates of per capita water availability aggregated by watershed and political unit. Results suggest that important insights might be extracted from the use of the process developed here, notably including the identification of the globe's most vulnerable regions in need of more detailed analysis and the relative importance of population growth versus climate change in altering future freshwater supplies. However, these are only exemplary insights and, as such, could be considered hypotheses that should be rigorously tested with multiple climate models, multiple observational climate datasets, and more comprehensive population change storylines. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Kodra, Evan; Ganguly, Auroop R.] Northeastern Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Parish, Esther S.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Steinhaeuser, Karsten] Univ Minnesota, Dept Comp Sci & Engn, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. RP Ganguly, AR (reprint author), Northeastern Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Boston, MA 02115 USA. EM a.ganguly@neu.edu RI Parish, Esther/B-9443-2012; OI Parish, Esther/0000-0001-9264-6295 FU Understanding Climate Change Impacts: Energy, Carbon, and Water Initiative; Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD); Climate Change Science Institute (CCSI) of the Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL); LLC for the U.S. Department of Energy [DEAC05-00OR22725]; National Science Foundation [NSF-IIS-1029771] FX This research was conducted with funding from the "Understanding Climate Change Impacts: Energy, Carbon, and Water Initiative" within the Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) Program and the Climate Change Science Institute (CCSI) of the Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), managed by UT-Battelle, LLC for the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract DEAC05-00OR22725. This work was also supported in part by the National Science Foundation under grant NSF-IIS-1029771. The climate change assessments work performed by ORNL to inform the 2010 Quadrennial Defense Review (QDR) report partially informed the research. The United States Government retains a non-exclusive, paid-up, irrevocable, worldwide license to publish or reproduce the published form of this manuscript, or allow others to do so, for Government purposes. NR 37 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 5 U2 46 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0098-3004 J9 COMPUT GEOSCI-UK JI Comput. Geosci. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 42 BP 79 EP 86 DI 10.1016/j.cageo.2012.01.019 PG 8 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Computer Science; Geology GA 932LA UT WOS:000303291400010 ER PT J AU Adolphi, NL Butler, KS Lovato, DM Tessier, TE Trujillo, JE Hathaway, HJ Fegan, DL Monson, TC Stevens, TE Huber, DL Ramu, J Milne, ML Altobelli, SA Bryant, HC Larson, RS Flynn, ER AF Adolphi, Natalie L. Butler, Kimberly S. Lovato, Debbie M. Tessier, T. E. Trujillo, Jason E. Hathaway, Helen J. Fegan, Danielle L. Monson, Todd C. Stevens, Tyler E. Huber, Dale L. Ramu, Jaivijay Milne, Michelle L. Altobelli, Stephen A. Bryant, Howard C. Larson, Richard S. Flynn, Edward R. TI Imaging of Her2-targeted magnetic nanoparticles for breast cancer detection: comparison of SQUID-detected magnetic relaxometry and MRI SO CONTRAST MEDIA & MOLECULAR IMAGING LA English DT Article DE magnetite; nanoparticle; magnetorelaxometry; SQUID; magnetic resonance imaging; magnetometry; magnetic susceptibility; antibody targeting ID IRON-OXIDE PARTICLES; IN-VIVO; MAGNETORELAXOMETRY; SYSTEM; TUMOR; QUANTIFICATION; THERMOTHERAPY; RADIATION; BINDING; CELLS AB Both magnetic relaxometry and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can be used to detect and locate targeted magnetic nanoparticles, noninvasively and without ionizing radiation. Magnetic relaxometry offers advantages in terms of its specificity (only nanoparticles are detected) and the linear dependence of the relaxometry signal on the number of nanoparticles present. In this study, detection of single-core iron oxide nanoparticles by superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID)-detected magnetic relaxometry and standard 4.7 T MRI are compared. The nanoparticles were conjugated to a Her2 monoclonal antibody and targeted to Her2-expressing MCF7/Her2-18 (breast cancer cells); binding of the nanoparticles to the cells was assessed by magnetic relaxometry and iron assay. The same nanoparticle-labeled cells, serially diluted, were used to assess the detection limits and MR relaxivities. The detection limit of magnetic relaxometry was 125 000 nanoparticle-labeled cells at 3?cm from the SQUID sensors. T2-weighted MRI yielded a detection limit of 15 600 cells in a 150?mu l volume, with r1?=?1.1?mm-1?s-1 and r2?=?166?mm-1?s-1. Her2-targeted nanoparticles were directly injected into xenograft MCF7/Her2-18 tumors in nude mice, and magnetic relaxometry imaging and 4.7?T MRI were performed, enabling direct comparison of the two techniques. Co-registration of relaxometry images and MRI of mice resulted in good agreement. A method for obtaining accurate quantification of microgram quantities of iron in the tumors and liver by relaxometry was also demonstrated. These results demonstrate the potential of SQUID-detected magnetic relaxometry imaging for the specific detection of breast cancer and the monitoring of magnetic nanoparticle-based therapies. Copyright (c) 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 [Adolphi, Natalie L.] Univ New Mexico, Sch Med, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [Tessier, T. E.; Fegan, Danielle L.; Bryant, Howard C.; Flynn, Edward R.] Senior Sci LLC, Albuquerque, NM USA. [Monson, Todd C.] Sandia Natl Labs, Nanomat Sci Dept, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Stevens, Tyler E.; Huber, Dale L.] Sandia Natl Labs, Ctr Integrated Nanotechnol, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Milne, Michelle L.] Washington Univ, Dept Phys, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. [Altobelli, Stephen A.] New Mexico Resonance, Albuquerque, NM USA. RP Adolphi, NL (reprint author), Univ New Mexico, Sch Med, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, MSC08 4670,1 Univ New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. EM NAdolphi@salud.unm.edu RI Huber, Dale/A-6006-2008; OI Huber, Dale/0000-0001-6872-8469; Monson, Todd/0000-0002-9782-7084 FU National Institutes of Health [RAI066765B, RCA096154B, RCA105742B, RCA123785B]; Howard Hughes Medical Institute; US Department of Energy [DE-AC04-94AL85000] FX N.L.A. acknowledges helpful discussions with Mark Conradi and John Dixon. This work was supported by the National Institutes of Health under grants RAI066765B, RCA096154B, RCA105742B and RCA123785B (to E. R. F.) and by the Howard Hughes Medical Institute under a Medical Research Training Fellowship (J.E.T.). This work was performed, in part, at the Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, a US Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences user facility. Sandia National Laboratories is a multi-program laboratory operated by Sandia Corporation, a Lockheed-Martin Company, for the US Department of Energy under contract no. DE-AC04-94AL85000. N.L.A. has equity interests in ABQMR and nanoMR; neither company sponsored this work. NR 39 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 5 U2 42 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1555-4309 J9 CONTRAST MEDIA MOL I JI Contrast Media Mol. Imaging PD MAY-JUN PY 2012 VL 7 IS 3 BP 308 EP 319 DI 10.1002/cmmi.499 PG 12 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 931SP UT WOS:000303239900005 PM 22539401 ER PT J AU Karpuzcu, ME Stringfellow, WT AF Karpuzcu, M. Ekrem Stringfellow, William T. TI Kinetics of nitrate removal in wetlands receiving agricultural drainage SO ECOLOGICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE Ecosystem services; Agricultural runoff; Diffuse pollution; Nitrate; Wetland treatment system; San Joaquin Valley ID WATER SURFACE WETLANDS; CONSTRUCTED WETLANDS; MARINE ECOSYSTEMS; FRESH-WATER; REMEDIATION PRIORITIES; NITROGEN REMOVAL; DENITRIFICATION; EUTROPHICATION; BIODIVERSITY; CALIFORNIA AB The kinetics of nitrate removal in wetlands receiving agricultural drainage from irrigated cropland was investigated with the objective of establishing design criteria for incorporation of ecosystem services in agricultural watersheds. Existing wetlands receiving drainage from irrigated agriculture demonstrated nitrate mass removal efficiencies between 23% and 35%. Areal nitrate removal rates (J) ranged from 142 to 350 mg-N m(-2) d(-1). Modified areal first-order rate constants for field sites varied between 4.00 and 12.07 cm d(-1). Saturation kinetics (Monod or Michaelis-Menten type kinetics) was determined in a supplemental microcosm study using sediments from one wetland by manipulating the loading rate. The apparent half-saturation constant (K-m) and maximum removal rate (J(max)) were 43.8 mg L-1 and 4.11 g m(-2) d(-1) for these sediments. The first-order rate constant from the microcosm (12.97 cm d(-1)) was statistically the same as to the value for the field site. The results suggest that supplementing field studies with a well-controlled laboratory microcosm study was useful for confirming kinetic parameters derived from field data. It was determined that less than 3% of the land in these agricultural watersheds would need to be managed as wetland to reduce the drainage nitrate concentration to below 0.5 mg L-1. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Karpuzcu, M. Ekrem] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Stringfellow, William T.] Univ Pacific, Ecol Engn Res Program, Sch Engn & Comp Sci, Stockton, CA 95211 USA. [Karpuzcu, M. Ekrem; Stringfellow, William T.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Earth Sci, Geochem Dept, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Karpuzcu, ME (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM ekarpuzcu@berkeley.edu RI Karpuzcu, Mahmut Ekrem/L-8420-2014; Stringfellow, William/O-4389-2015 OI Karpuzcu, Mahmut Ekrem/0000-0002-6245-9621; Stringfellow, William/0000-0003-3189-5604 FU California Department of Fish and Game; California Department of Water Resources; State Water Resources Control Board; United States Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; United States Fish and Wildlife Service, Los Banos, CA FX Funding for this study was provided by the California Department of Fish and Game Ecosystem Restoration Program, the California Department of Water Resources Watershed Grant Program, and the State Water Resources Control Board Consolidated Grants Program. Microcosm experiments were conducted at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory under the United States Department of Energy contract number DE-AC02-05CH11231. Support for E. Karpuzcu was also provided by a Challenge Grant from The United States Fish and Wildlife Service, Los Banos, CA. This research was made possible by the technical support of Jeremy Hanlon, Justin Graham, Chelsea Spier, Samantha Engelage, Mat Rogers and student assistants on the EERP research team. NR 71 TC 14 Z9 17 U1 8 U2 72 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0925-8574 J9 ECOL ENG JI Ecol. Eng. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 42 BP 295 EP 303 DI 10.1016/j.ecoleng.2012.02.015 PG 9 WC Ecology; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Engineering GA 930NJ UT WOS:000303145800037 ER PT J AU Groves, JR Li, JB Clemens, BM LaSalvia, V Hasoon, F Branz, HM Teplin, CW AF Groves, James R. Li, Joel B. Clemens, Bruce M. LaSalvia, Vincenzo Hasoon, Falah Branz, Howard M. Teplin, Charles W. TI Biaxially-textured photovoltaic film crystal silicon on ion beam assisted deposition CaF2 seed layers on glass SO ENERGY & ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID ALUMINUM-INDUCED CRYSTALLIZATION; SOLAR-CELLS; DISLOCATION DENSITY; ROUTE; NI AB We grow biaxially textured heteroepitaxial crystal silicon (c-Si) films on display glass as a low-cost photovoltaic material. We first fabricate textured CaF2 seed layers using ion-beam assisted deposition, then coat the CaF2 with a thin, evaporated epitaxial Ge buffer and finally deposit heteroepitaxial silicon on the Ge. The silicon is grown by hot-wire chemical vapor deposition, a high-rate, scalable epitaxy technology. Electron and X-ray diffraction confirm the biaxial texture of the CaF2 and epitaxial growth of the subsequent layers. Transmission electron microscopy reveals columnar silicon grains about 500 nm across. We fabricate a proof-of-concept epitaxial film c-Si solar cell with an open circuit voltage of 375 mV that is limited by minority carrier lifetime. C1 [Groves, James R.; Li, Joel B.; Clemens, Bruce M.] Stanford Univ, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [LaSalvia, Vincenzo; Hasoon, Falah; Branz, Howard M.; Teplin, Charles W.] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Groves, JR (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. EM Charles.Teplin@NREL.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy under DOE [DE-AC36-08-GO28308]; Global Climate Energy Project FX The authors acknowledge Kim M. Jones for TEM measurements, Russell Bauer for hydrogenation processing, Lorenzo Roybal for ITO growth, David L. Young for advice in analyzing the J-V measurements and Arturas Vailionis for helpful discussions of the XRD data. Work at NREL is funded by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy's Solar Energy Technologies Program under DOE Contract No. DE-AC36-08-GO28308. Work at Stanford is funded by the Global Climate Energy Project. NR 23 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 18 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 1754-5692 J9 ENERG ENVIRON SCI JI Energy Environ. Sci. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 5 IS 5 BP 6905 EP 6908 DI 10.1039/c2ee21097e PG 4 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical; Environmental Sciences SC Chemistry; Energy & Fuels; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 931XB UT WOS:000303251500027 ER PT J AU Maldonado, GMG Assary, RS Dumesic, J Curtiss, LA AF Gonzalez Maldonado, Gretchen M. Assary, Rajeev S. Dumesic, James Curtiss, Larry A. TI Experimental and theoretical studies of the acid-catalyzed conversion of furfuryl alcohol to levulinic acid in aqueous solution SO ENERGY & ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID LIQUID-PHASE HYDROGENATION; AMORPHOUS ALLOY CATALYSTS; MECHANISM AB The conversion of furfuryl alcohol (FAL) to levulinic acid over Amberlyst (TM) 15 in aqueous media was investigated using a combination of liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) measurements, isotopic labeling studies, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, and ab initio quantum chemical calculations using the G4MP2 method. The results of these combined studies showed that one of the major reaction pathways takes place via a geminal diol species (4,5,5-trihydroxypentan-2-one, denoted as intermediate A), formed by the addition of two water molecules to FAL, where two of the oxygen atoms from FAL are retained. This geminal diol species can also be produced from another intermediate found to be a dimer-like species, denoted as intermediate B. This dimer-like species is formed at the early stages of reaction, and it can also be converted to intermediate A, indicating that intermediate B is the product of the reaction of FAL with another early intermediate. Quantum chemical calculations suggested this to be a protonated acyclic species. Reaction of this early intermediate with water produces intermediate A, while reaction with FAL produces intermediate B. C1 [Gonzalez Maldonado, Gretchen M.; Dumesic, James] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Chem & Biol Engn, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Assary, Rajeev S.; Curtiss, Larry A.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Assary, Rajeev S.] Northwestern Univ, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. [Curtiss, Larry A.] Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Nanoscale Mat, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Maldonado, GMG (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Chem & Biol Engn, 1415 Engn Dr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM dumesic@engr.wisc.edu RI Surendran Assary, Rajeev/E-6833-2012 OI Surendran Assary, Rajeev/0000-0002-9571-3307 FU NIH [P41RR02301, P41GM66326, RR02781, RR08438]; University of Wisconsin; NSF [DMB-8415048, OIA-9977486, BIR-9214394]; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC0206CH11357]; Institute for Atom-efficient Chemical Transformations (IACT), an Energy Frontier Research Center; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, and Office of Basic Energy Sciences; Office of Sciences of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX We acknowledge Dr Mark Anderson and the National Magnetic Resonance Facility at Madison for the NMR data acquisition time. This study made use of the National Magnetic Resonance Facility at Madison, which is supported by NIH grants P41RR02301 (BRTP/NCRR) and P41GM66326 (NIGMS). Additional equipment was purchased with funds from the University of Wisconsin, the NIH (RR02781, RR08438), the NSF (DMB-8415048, OIA-9977486, BIR-9214394), and the USDA. We acknowledge as well, Max Mellmer and Thomas J. Schwartz for their input to this article. This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract DE-AC0206CH11357. This material is based upon work supported as part of the Institute for Atom-efficient Chemical Transformations (IACT), an Energy Frontier Research Center funded by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, and Office of Basic Energy Sciences. Also, we acknowledge grants of computer time from EMSL, a national scientific user facility located at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, the ANL Laboratory Computing Resource Center (LCRC), and the ANL Center for Nanoscale Materials. This research used resources of the National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center, which is supported by the Office of Sciences of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. NR 27 TC 55 Z9 56 U1 3 U2 76 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 1754-5692 J9 ENERG ENVIRON SCI JI Energy Environ. Sci. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 5 IS 5 BP 6981 EP 6989 DI 10.1039/c2ee03465d PG 9 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical; Environmental Sciences SC Chemistry; Energy & Fuels; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 931XB UT WOS:000303251500039 ER PT J AU Zhi, MJ Lee, S Miller, N Menzler, NH Wu, NQ AF Zhi, Mingjia Lee, Shiwoo Miller, Nicholas Menzler, Norbert H. Wu, Nianqiang TI An intermediate-temperature solid oxide fuel cell with electrospun nanofiber cathode SO ENERGY & ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID THIN-FILMS; PERFORMANCE; SOFC; INFILTRATION; TRANSPARENT; CONVERSION; NANOTUBES; ZIRCONIA; SYNGAS AB Lanthanum strontium cobalt ferrite (LSCF) nanofibers have been fabricated by the electrospinning method and used as the cathode of an intermediate-temperature solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) with yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) electrolyte. The three-dimensional nanofiber network cathode has several advantages: (i) high porosity; (ii) high percolation; (iii) continuous pathway for charge transport; (iv) good thermal stability at the operating temperature; and (v) excellent scaffold for infiltration. The fuel cell with the monolithic LSCF nanofiber cathode exhibits a power density of 0.90 W cm(-2) at 1.9 A cm(-2) at 750 degrees C. The electrochemical performance of the fuel cell has been further improved by infiltration of 20 wt% of gadolinia-doped ceria (GDC) into the LSCF nanofiber cathode. The fuel cell with the LSCF-20% GDC composite cathode shows a power density of 1.07 W cm(-2) at 1.9 A cm(-2) at 750 degrees C. The results obtained show that one-dimensional nanostructures such as nanofibers hold great promise as electrode materials for intermediate-temperature SOFCs. C1 [Zhi, Mingjia; Lee, Shiwoo; Miller, Nicholas; Wu, Nianqiang] Natl Energy Technol Lab, Dept Energy, Morgantown, WV 26507 USA. [Zhi, Mingjia; Wu, Nianqiang] W Virginia Univ, WVNano Initiat, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. [Miller, Nicholas] URS Corp, Morgantown, WV 26507 USA. [Menzler, Norbert H.] Forschungszentrum Julich, Inst Energy & Climate Res, IEK 1, D-52425 Julich, Germany. RP Zhi, MJ (reprint author), Natl Energy Technol Lab, Dept Energy, 3610 Collins Ferry Rd, Morgantown, WV 26507 USA. EM nick.wu@mail.wvu.edu RI Zhi, Mingjia/A-6866-2010; Wu, Nianqiang/B-9798-2015; OI Zhi, Mingjia/0000-0002-4291-0809; Wu, Nianqiang/0000-0002-8888-2444; Menzler, Norbert H./0000-0001-7091-0980 FU National Energy Technology Laboratory under the URS Corporation [DE-FE0000400]; West Virginia State Research Challenge Grant Energy Materials Program [EPS08-01] FX This work was supported by the National Energy Technology Laboratory's on-going research in fuel cell project DE-FE0000400 under the URS Corporation contract and West Virginia State Research Challenge Grant Energy Materials Program (EPS08-01). The authors are grateful for the helpful discussion with Dr Kirk Gerdes at NETL and Fanke Meng and Savan Suri at WVU for characterization assistance. NR 37 TC 44 Z9 47 U1 20 U2 174 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 1754-5692 J9 ENERG ENVIRON SCI JI Energy Environ. Sci. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 5 IS 5 BP 7066 EP 7071 DI 10.1039/c2ee02619h PG 6 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical; Environmental Sciences SC Chemistry; Energy & Fuels; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 931XB UT WOS:000303251500049 ER PT J AU Lau, MW Bals, BD Chundawat, SPS Jin, MJ Gunawan, C Balan, V Jones, AD Dale, BE AF Lau, Ming W. Bals, Bryan D. Chundawat, Shishir P. S. Jin, Mingjie Gunawan, Christa Balan, Venkatesh Jones, A. Daniel Dale, Bruce E. TI An integrated paradigm for cellulosic biorefineries: utilization of lignocellulosic biomass as self-sufficient feedstocks for fuel, food precursors and saccharolytic enzyme production SO ENERGY & ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID AMMONIA FIBER EXPANSION; TREATED CORN STOVER; ETHANOL-PRODUCTION; ACID; FERMENTATION; AFEX; DECONSTRUCTION; PRETREATMENT; HYDROLYSATE; PROTEINS AB Simultaneously achieving economic, environmental and social sustainability is a major challenge for the emerging renewable fuel industry. We approach this problem by demonstrating a cellulosic biorefinery paradigm which produces ethanol and food precursors using lignocellulosic biomass as the exclusive source for carbohydrates and minerals. Enzymatic hydrolysate from Ammonia Fiber Expansion (AFEX)-pretreated corn stover at 18% w/w solids loading was found to be nutrient-rich. This hydrolysate was fermented completely within 48 h in two stages to produce ethanol and native yeast cells. An in-house saccharolytic enzyme production using AFEX-pretreated corn stover as carbohydrate source greatly reduces the dependence on commercial enzymes. The inducer mixture is 2.5-7 times more potent than lactose, a common enzyme inducer. Economic analysis indicates that the proposed paradigm is substantially more cost-effective relative to the 2005 NREL model. This improvement is largely attributed to the native yeast cells co-production and the reduction of enzyme cost through the in-house production. C1 [Lau, Ming W.; Bals, Bryan D.; Chundawat, Shishir P. S.; Jin, Mingjie; Gunawan, Christa; Balan, Venkatesh; Dale, Bruce E.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Res Ctr, Lansing, MI 48910 USA. [Jones, A. Daniel] Michigan State Univ, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. RP Lau, MW (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Res Ctr, 3900 Collins Rd, Lansing, MI 48910 USA. EM ming.lau@dupont.com; bdale@egr.msu.edu RI Jones, Arthur/C-2670-2013; Jin, Mingjie/I-4616-2012; OI Jones, Arthur/0000-0002-7408-6690; Jin, Mingjie/0000-0002-9493-305X; Chundawat, Shishir/0000-0003-3677-6735 FU United States Department of Energy (DOE) through the Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center (GLBRC) [DE-FC02-07ER64494] FX This work was financially supported by United States Department of Energy (DOE) through the Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center (GLBRC) grant DE-FC02-07ER64494. AFEX is a trademark of MBI International. The authors acknowledge Dahai Gao from Michigan State University (MSU) Biomass Conversion Research Lab for assisting in protein purification and quantification, MSU Proteomics Facility (Doug Whitten), Lijun Chen from MSU Spectrometry Core for assistance in various LC/MS/MS analyses and Matthew J. Parsons from MSU ICP-MS & XRF Laboratory for trace element analyses. Thanks to Prof. Lee R. Lynd and Xiongjun Shao for guidance on the fermentation using Thermoanaerobacterium saccharolyticum ALK2 (presented in the ESI dagger). NR 32 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 26 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 1754-5692 J9 ENERG ENVIRON SCI JI Energy Environ. Sci. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 5 IS 5 BP 7100 EP 7110 DI 10.1039/c2ee03596k PG 11 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical; Environmental Sciences SC Chemistry; Energy & Fuels; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 931XB UT WOS:000303251500053 ER PT J AU Jin, MJ Gunawan, C Uppugundla, N Balan, V Dale, BE AF Jin, Mingjie Gunawan, Christa Uppugundla, Nirmal Balan, Venkatesh Dale, Bruce E. TI A novel integrated biological process for cellulosic ethanol production featuring high ethanol productivity, enzyme recycling and yeast cells reuse SO ENERGY & ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE 424A(LNH-ST); PRETREATED LIGNOCELLULOSIC BIOMASS; AMMONIA FIBER EXPANSION; ESCHERICHIA-COLI KO11; XYLOSE FERMENTATION; TRICHODERMA-REESEI; ZYMOMONAS-MOBILIS; HYDROLYSIS; CELLULASES; KINETICS AB High enzyme loading requirements, slow xylose fermentation and low ethanol productivity are three of the major issues impeding commercial biochemical production of cellulosic ethanol. We report here a novel integrated biological process to overcome these problems. Enzymatic hydrolysis was performed for only 24 h to avoid the slow rate period which begins at about that time. Unhydrolyzed recalcitrant solids with adsorbed enzymes were recycled to the subsequent cycles. By this approach, easily digestible biomass was processed first and recalcitrant biomass was given enough residence time to get hydrolyzed during subsequent processing steps. Fermentation was conducted using a high yeast inoculation level and was also completed in 24 h. The yeast cells were then recycled. With this novel processing approach, the enzyme loading was reduced from 36 to 22.3 and 25.8 mg protein per gram glucan, respectively, for separate hydrolysis and fermentation (SHF) and for simultaneous saccharification and co-fermentation (SSCF) on AFEX (TM) pretreated corn stover. The process ethanol productivity was enhanced by 2 to 3 fold due to both fast enzymatic hydrolysis and fast fermentation. C1 [Jin, Mingjie; Gunawan, Christa; Uppugundla, Nirmal; Balan, Venkatesh; Dale, Bruce E.] Michigan State Univ, DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Res Ctr, Lansing, MI 48910 USA. [Jin, Mingjie; Gunawan, Christa; Uppugundla, Nirmal; Balan, Venkatesh; Dale, Bruce E.] Michigan State Univ, BCRL, Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, Lansing, MI 48910 USA. RP Jin, MJ (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Res Ctr, Lansing, MI 48910 USA. EM jinmingj@egr.msu.edu RI Jin, Mingjie/I-4616-2012; OI Jin, Mingjie/0000-0002-9493-305X FU U.S. Department of Energy through the DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center (GLBRC) [DE-FC02-07ER64494] FX This work was supported by U.S. Department of Energy through the DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center (GLBRC) Grant DE-FC02-07ER64494. We would like to thank Genencor Inc, a division of Danisco Corporation for supplying us commercial enzymes for this work. We would also like to thank Dr Nancy Ho (Purdue University) for providing us 424A (LNH-ST) strain. Thanks to Mr Charles Donald, Jr for preparing AFEX (TM) pretreated corn stover. We also would like to thank Area 2 GLBRC members for giving valuable suggestions during the course of this work. NR 35 TC 31 Z9 32 U1 5 U2 56 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 1754-5692 J9 ENERG ENVIRON SCI JI Energy Environ. Sci. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 5 IS 5 BP 7168 EP 7175 DI 10.1039/c2ee03058f PG 8 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical; Environmental Sciences SC Chemistry; Energy & Fuels; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 931XB UT WOS:000303251500059 ER PT J AU Musch, BU AF Musch, Bernhard U. TI Studying the Sivers and Boer-Mulders Function with Lattice QCD SO FEW-BODY SYSTEMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT LIGHTCONE Conference (LC) CY MAY 23-27, 2011 CL So Methodist Univ, Dallas, TX HO So Methodist Univ ID DEEP-INELASTIC SCATTERING; TRANSVERSE-MOMENTUM; SPIN ASYMMETRIES; DRELL-YAN; LEPTOPRODUCTION; LINES AB Transverse momentum dependent parton distribution functions (TMDs) characterize the intrinsic momentum distribution of quarks inside the nucleon. However, they also encode final or initial state interactions of the processes in which they are measured, such as semi-inclusive deep inelastic scattering (SIDIS) or the Drell-Yan process (DY). Consequently certain TMDs are process-dependent and predicted to be equal but opposite in sign for SIDIS and DY. Extending our method on the lattice to non-local operators with U-shaped Wilson lines, we can study these naively time-reversal odd TMDs, in particular the Sivers- and the Boer-Mulders function. We express our results in terms of Fourier-transformed TMDs that appear naturally in the Fourier transformed cross section of, e.g., SIDIS, and in Bessel-weighted asymmetries. We discuss the method, its limitations and preliminary results from an exploratory calculation using lattices generated by the MILC and LHP collaborations. C1 Jefferson Lab, Newport News, VA USA. RP Musch, BU (reprint author), Jefferson Lab, Newport News, VA USA. EM bmusch@jlab.org NR 26 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER WIEN PI WIEN PA SACHSENPLATZ 4-6, PO BOX 89, A-1201 WIEN, AUSTRIA SN 0177-7963 EI 1432-5411 J9 FEW-BODY SYST JI Few-Body Syst. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 52 IS 3-4 SI SI BP 259 EP 264 DI 10.1007/s00601-011-0280-3 PG 6 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 929LG UT WOS:000303064200009 ER PT J AU Kovarik, K Schienbein, I Olness, FI Yu, JY Keppel, C Morfin, JG Owens, JF Stavreva, T AF Kovarik, K. Schienbein, I. Olness, F. I. Yu, J. Y. Keppel, C. Morfin, J. G. Owens, J. F. Stavreva, T. TI Nuclear Corrections in nu A DIS and Their Compatibility with Global NPDF Analyses SO FEW-BODY SYSTEMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT LIGHTCONE Conference (LC) CY MAY 23-27, 2011 CL So Methodist Univ, Dallas, TX HO So Methodist Univ ID INELASTIC ELECTRON-SCATTERING; MUON SCATTERING; IRON TARGETS; DEUTERIUM; DISTRIBUTIONS; DEPENDENCE AB We perform a global chi (2)-analysis of nuclear parton distribution functions using data from charged current neutrino-nucleus (nu A) deep inelastic scattering (DIS), charged-lepton-nucleus (a"" (+/-) A) DIS, and the Drell-Yan (DY) process. We show that the nuclear corrections in nu A DIS are not compatible with the predictions derived from a"" (+/-) A DIS and DY data. We quantify this result using a hypothesis-testing criterion based on the chi (2) distribution which we apply to the total chi (2) as well as to the chi (2) of the individual data sets. We find that it is not possible to accommodate the data from nu A and a"" (+/-) A DIS by an acceptable combined fit. This implies that either the twist-2 parton distribution functions in nuclei are not universal, or that higher-twist terms play a more important role in the nuclear environment and have to be taken into account. C1 [Olness, F. I.; Yu, J. Y.] So Methodist Univ, Dallas, TX 75275 USA. [Kovarik, K.; Schienbein, I.; Stavreva, T.] Univ Grenoble 1, LPSC, CNRS, IN2P3,INPG,UMR5821, F-38026 Grenoble, France. [Kovarik, K.] Karlsruhe Inst Technol, D-76128 Karlsruhe, Germany. [Keppel, C.] Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Newport News, VA 23602 USA. [Keppel, C.] Hampton Univ, Hampton, VA 23668 USA. [Morfin, J. G.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. [Owens, J. F.] Florida State Univ, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. RP Olness, FI (reprint author), So Methodist Univ, Dallas, TX 75275 USA. EM olness@smu.edu NR 22 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 4 PU SPRINGER WIEN PI WIEN PA SACHSENPLATZ 4-6, PO BOX 89, A-1201 WIEN, AUSTRIA SN 0177-7963 J9 FEW-BODY SYST JI Few-Body Syst. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 52 IS 3-4 SI SI BP 271 EP 277 DI 10.1007/s00601-011-0297-7 PG 7 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 929LG UT WOS:000303064200011 ER PT J AU Roberts, CD AF Roberts, Craig D. TI Looking into the Matter of Light-Quark Hadrons SO FEW-BODY SYSTEMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT LIGHTCONE Conference (LC) CY MAY 23-27, 2011 CL So Methodist Univ, Dallas, TX HO So Methodist Univ ID CHIRAL-SYMMETRY BREAKING; QUANTUM CHROMODYNAMICS; LADDER APPROXIMATION; QCD; CONFINEMENT; CONSTANT; NUCLEON; MASSES AB In tackling QCD, a constructive feedback between theory and extant and forthcoming experiments is necessary in order to place constraints on the infrared behaviour of QCD's beta-function, a key nonperturbative quantity in hadron physics. The Dyson-Schwinger equations provide a tool with which to work toward this goal. They connect confinement with dynamical chiral symmetry breaking, both with the observable properties of hadrons, and hence can plausibly provide a means of elucidating the material content of real-world QCD. This contribution illustrates these points via comments on: in-hadron condensates; dressed-quark anomalous chromo- and electro-magnetic moments; the spectra of mesons and baryons, and the critical role played by hadron-hadron interactions in producing these spectra. C1 [Roberts, Craig D.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Roberts, Craig D.] Peking Univ, Dept Phys, Ctr High Energy Phys, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China. [Roberts, Craig D.] Peking Univ, State Key Lab Nucl Phys & Technol, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China. [Roberts, Craig D.] IIT, Dept Phys, Chicago, IL 60616 USA. RP Roberts, CD (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM cdroberts@anl.gov OI Roberts, Craig/0000-0002-2937-1361 NR 63 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER WIEN PI WIEN PA SACHSENPLATZ 4-6, PO BOX 89, A-1201 WIEN, AUSTRIA SN 0177-7963 EI 1432-5411 J9 FEW-BODY SYST JI Few-Body Syst. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 52 IS 3-4 SI SI BP 345 EP 355 DI 10.1007/s00601-011-0277-y PG 11 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 929LG UT WOS:000303064200022 ER PT J AU Reimus, PW Duke, CL Roback, RC AF Reimus, Paul W. Duke, Catherine L. Roback, Robert C. TI Translation of field tracer-test results into bounding predictions of matrix diffusion in the shallow subsurface at Idaho National Laboratory, USA (vol 19, 1021, 2011) SO HYDROGEOLOGY JOURNAL LA English DT Correction C1 [Reimus, Paul W.; Roback, Robert C.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. RP Reimus, PW (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. EM preimus@lanl.gov OI Roback, Robert/0000-0003-2748-1580 NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1431-2174 J9 HYDROGEOL J JI Hydrogeol. J. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 20 IS 3 BP 615 EP 615 DI 10.1007/s10040-011-0799-x PG 1 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Geology; Water Resources GA 929IW UT WOS:000303055500015 ER PT J AU Wang, JP Ji, N Liu, XQ Xu, YH Sanchez-Hanke, C Wu, YM de Groot, FMF Allard, LF Lara-Curzio, E AF Wang, Jian-Ping Ji, Nian Liu, Xiaoqi Xu, Yunhao Sanchez-Hanke, C. Wu, Yiming de Groot, F. M. F. Allard, Lawrence F. Lara-Curzio, Edgar TI Fabrication of Fe16N2 Films by Sputtering Process and Experimental Investigation of Origin of Giant Saturation Magnetization in Fe16N2 SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 22nd Magnetic Recording Conference (TMRC) CY AUG 29-29, 2011 CL Minneapolis, MN SP IEEE DE FeN; Fe16N2; giant saturation magnetization; high magnetic moment; magnetic head; permanent magnet; XMCD; X-ray magnetic circular dichorism ID SINGLE-CRYSTAL FE16N2; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; ALPHA-FE16N2; MOMENT; MAGNETISM; IRON AB We present a systematic study to address a longstanding mystery in magnetic materials and magnetism, whether there is giant saturation magnetization in Fe16N2 and why. Experimental results based on sputtered thin film samples are presented. The magnetism of Fe16N2 is discussed systematically from the aspects of material processing, magnetic characterization and theoretical investigation. It is observed that thin films with Fe16N2 + Fe8N mixture phases and high degree of N ordering, exhibit a saturation magnetization up to 2.68T at room temperature, which substantially exceeds the ferromagnetism limit based on the traditional band magnetism understanding. From X-ray magnetic circular Dichorism (XMCD) experiment, transport measurement and first-principle calculation based on LDA+U method, it is both experimentally and theoretically justified that the origin of giant saturation magnetization is correlated with the formation of highly localized 3d electron states in this Fe-N system. A large magnetocrystalline anisotropy for such a material is also discussed. Our proposed "cluster+atom" theory provides promising directions on designing novel magnetic materials with unique performances. C1 [Wang, Jian-Ping; Ji, Nian; Liu, Xiaoqi; Xu, Yunhao; Wu, Yiming] Univ Minnesota, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Wang, Jian-Ping; Ji, Nian; Liu, Xiaoqi; Xu, Yunhao; Wu, Yiming] Univ Minnesota, Ctr Micromagnet & Informat Technol MINT, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Sanchez-Hanke, C.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Synchrotron Light Source, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [de Groot, F. M. F.] Univ Utrecht, Debye Inst Nanomat Sci, NL-3584 CA Utrecht, Netherlands. [Allard, Lawrence F.; Lara-Curzio, Edgar] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, High Temp Mat Lab, Microscopy Grp, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Wang, JP (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. EM jpwang@umn.edu RI Ji, Nian/J-9915-2012; de Groot, Frank/A-1918-2009; Institute (DINS), Debye/G-7730-2014 NR 24 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 1 U2 84 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-9464 J9 IEEE T MAGN JI IEEE Trans. Magn. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 48 IS 5 BP 1710 EP 1717 DI 10.1109/TMAG.2011.2170156 PN 1 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA 932YZ UT WOS:000303327700005 ER PT J AU Jiang, RW Wang, JH Guan, YP AF Jiang, Ruiwei Wang, Jianhui Guan, Yongpei TI Robust Unit Commitment With Wind Power and Pumped Storage Hydro SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER SYSTEMS LA English DT Article DE Generation scheduling; pumped-storage; robust optimization; wind uncertainty ID OPTIMIZATION; GENERATION; CAPACITY; DEMAND AB As renewable energy increasingly penetrates into power grid systems, new challenges arise for system operators to keep the systems reliable under uncertain circumstances, while ensuring high utilization of renewable energy. With the naturally intermittent renewable energy, such as wind energy, playing more important roles, system robustness becomes a must. In this paper, we propose a robust optimization approach to accommodate wind output uncertainty, with the objective of providing a robust unit commitment schedule for the thermal generators in the day-ahead market that minimizes the total cost under the worst wind power output scenario. Robust optimization models the randomness using an uncertainty set which includes the worst-case scenario, and protects this scenario under the minimal increment of costs. In our approach, the power system will be more reliable because the worst-case scenario has been considered. In addition, we introduce a variable to control the conservatism of our model, by which we can avoid over-protection. By considering pumped-storage units, the total cost is reduced significantly. C1 [Jiang, Ruiwei; Guan, Yongpei] Univ Florida, Dept Ind & Syst Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Wang, Jianhui] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Jiang, RW (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Ind & Syst Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. EM jianhui.wang@anl.gov; guan@ise.ufl.edu FU U.S. National Science Foundation [CMMI0748204]; U.S. Department of Defense under Office of Naval Research [N000141010749] FX This work was supported in part by the U.S. National Science Foundation under CAREER Award CMMI0748204 and by the U.S. Department of Defense under Office of Naval Research Young Investigator Award N000141010749. Paper no. TPWRS-00147-2011. NR 18 TC 221 Z9 259 U1 7 U2 46 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0885-8950 J9 IEEE T POWER SYST JI IEEE Trans. Power Syst. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 27 IS 2 BP 800 EP 810 DI 10.1109/TPWRS.2011.2169817 PG 11 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA 931GX UT WOS:000303205500024 ER PT J AU Botterud, A Zhou, Z Wang, JH Bessa, RJ Keko, H Sumaili, J Miranda, V AF Botterud, Audun Zhou, Zhi Wang, Jianhui Bessa, Ricardo J. Keko, Hrvoje Sumaili, Jean Miranda, Vladimiro TI Wind Power Trading Under Uncertainty in LMP Markets SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER SYSTEMS LA English DT Article DE Bidding; electricity markets; forecasting; risk management; stochastic simulations; wind power ID GENERATION; FORECASTS AB This paper presents a new model for optimal trading of wind power in day-ahead (DA) electricity markets under uncertainty in wind power and prices. The model considers settlement mechanisms in markets with locational marginal prices (LMPs), where wind power is not necessarily penalized from deviations between DA schedule and real-time (RT) dispatch. We use kernel density estimation to produce a probabilistic wind power forecast, whereas uncertainties in DA and RT prices are assumed to be Gaussian. Utility theory and conditional value at risk (CVAR) are used to represent the risk preferences of the wind power producers. The model is tested on real-world data from a large-scale wind farm in the United States. Optimal DA bids are derived under different assumptions for risk preferences and deviation penalty schemes. The results show that in the absence of a deviation penalty, the optimal bidding strategy is largely driven by price expectations. A deviation penalty brings the bid closer to the expected wind power forecast. Furthermore, the results illustrate that the proposed model can effectively control the trade-off between risk and return for wind power producers operating in volatile electricity markets. C1 [Botterud, Audun; Zhou, Zhi; Wang, Jianhui] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Bessa, Ricardo J.; Keko, Hrvoje; Sumaili, Jean; Miranda, Vladimiro] Univ Porto, Fac Engn, P-4200465 Oporto, Portugal. [Bessa, Ricardo J.; Keko, Hrvoje; Sumaili, Jean; Miranda, Vladimiro] Univ Porto, INESC Porto, P-4200465 Oporto, Portugal. RP Botterud, A (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM abotterud@anl.gov; zzhou@anl.gov; jianhui.wang@anl.gov; rbessa@inescporto.pt; hkeko@inescporto.pt; jean.sumaili@inesc-porto.pt; vmiranda@inescporto.pt RI Zhou, Zhi/D-2168-2009; Miranda, Vladimiro/H-6245-2012; OI Sumaili, Jean/0000-0002-0231-1043; Bessa, Ricardo/0000-0002-3808-0427; Miranda, Vladimiro/0000-0002-5772-8452 FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy; FCT-Fundacao para a Ciencia e Tecnologia [SFRH/BD/33738/2009, SFRH/BD/43087/2008] FX Manuscript received April 07, 2011; revised June 30, 2011; accepted September 21, 2011. Date of publication November 08, 2011; date of current version April 18, 2012. This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, through its Wind and Water Power Program, and also by FCT-Fundacao para a Ciencia e Tecnologia: Ph.D. Scholarship SFRH/BD/33738/2009 (R. J. Bessa), Ph.D. Scholarship SFRH/BD/43087/2008 (H. Keko), and within the program "Ciencia 2008" (J. Sumaili). Paper no. TPWRS-00307-2011. NR 28 TC 60 Z9 64 U1 1 U2 15 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0885-8950 J9 IEEE T POWER SYST JI IEEE Trans. Power Syst. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 27 IS 2 BP 894 EP 903 DI 10.1109/TPWRS.2011.2170442 PG 10 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA 931GX UT WOS:000303205500034 ER PT J AU Bent, R Toole, GL Berscheid, A AF Bent, Russell Toole, G. Loren Berscheid, Alan TI Transmission Network Expansion Planning With Complex Power Flow Models SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER SYSTEMS LA English DT Article DE Local search; nonlinear optimization; simulation optimization; transmission network expansion planning (TNEP) ID CONSTRUCTIVE HEURISTIC ALGORITHM; OPTIMIZATION METHODS; FORMULATIONS; SEARCH; DESIGN AB In recent years, the transmission network expansion planning (TNEP) problem has become increasingly complex. As this problem is a nonlinear and nonconvex optimization problem, researchers have traditionally focused on approximate models of power flows to solve the TNEP problem. Until recently, these approximations have produced results that are straightforward to adapt to the more complex problem. However, the power grid is evolving towards a state where the adaptations are no longer as easy (e. g., large amounts of limited control, renewable generation), necessitating new approaches. In this paper, we propose a discrepancy-bounded local search (DBLS) that encapsulates the complexity of power flow modeling in a black box that may be queried for information about the quality of a proposed expansion. This allows the development of an optimization algorithm that is decoupled from the details of the underlying power model. Case studies are presented to demonstrate cost differences in plans developed under different power flow models. C1 [Bent, Russell; Toole, G. Loren; Berscheid, Alan] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Decis Applicat Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Bent, R (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Decis Applicat Div, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM rbent@lanl.gov; ltoole@lanl.gov; abersch@lanl.gov OI Bent, Russell/0000-0002-7300-151X NR 43 TC 16 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 9 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0885-8950 J9 IEEE T POWER SYST JI IEEE Trans. Power Syst. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 27 IS 2 BP 904 EP 912 DI 10.1109/TPWRS.2011.2169994 PG 9 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA 931GX UT WOS:000303205500035 ER PT J AU Zhou, N Pierre, JW Trudnowski, D AF Zhou, Ning Pierre, John W. Trudnowski, Daniel TI A Stepwise Regression Method for Estimating Dominant Electromechanical Modes SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER SYSTEMS LA English DT Article DE Least squares methods; phasor measurement unit; power system identification; power system measurements; power system monitoring; power system parameter estimation; power system stability; Prony analysis; stepwise linear regression ID SYSTEM RESPONSE SIGNALS; ROBUST RLS METHODS; ONLINE ESTIMATION; ORDER; IDENTIFICATION; OSCILLATIONS; PERFORMANCE; FREQUENCY AB Prony analysis has been applied to estimate inter-area oscillation modes using phasor measurement unit (PMU) measurements. To suppress noise and signal offset effects, a high-order Prony model usually is used to over-fit the data. As such, some trivial modes are intentionally added to improve the estimation accuracy of the dominant modes. Therefore, to reduce the rate of false alarms, it is important to distinguish between the dominant modes that reflect the dynamic features of a power system and the trivial modes that are artificially introduced to improve the estimation accuracy. In this paper, a stepwise-regression method is applied to automatically identify the dominant modes from Prony analysis. A Monte Carlo method is applied to evaluate the performance of the proposed method using data obtained from simulations. Field-measured PMU data are used to verify the applicability of the proposed method. A comparison of results obtained using the proposed approach with results from a traditional energy-sorting method shows the improved performance of the proposed method. C1 [Zhou, Ning] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99354 USA. [Pierre, John W.] Univ Wyoming, Laramie, WY 82070 USA. [Trudnowski, Daniel] Univ Montana, Montana Tech, Butte, MT 59701 USA. RP Zhou, N (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99354 USA. EM ning.zhou@pnl.gov; pierre@uwyo.edu; dtrudnowski@mtech.edu FU U.S. Department of Energy (DOE); DOE [DE-AC05-76RL01830] FX This paper was prepared as a result of work sponsored by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) through its Transmission Reliability Program. Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) is operated by Battelle for DOE under contract DE-AC05-76RL01830. Paper no. TPWRS-00545-2011. NR 33 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 1 U2 15 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0885-8950 J9 IEEE T POWER SYST JI IEEE Trans. Power Syst. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 27 IS 2 BP 1051 EP 1059 DI 10.1109/TPWRS.2011.2172004 PG 9 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA 931GX UT WOS:000303205500051 ER PT J AU Madaeni, SH Sioshansi, R Denholm, P AF Madaeni, Seyed Hossein Sioshansi, Ramteen Denholm, Paul TI Estimating the Capacity Value of Concentrating Solar Power Plants: A Case Study of the Southwestern United States SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER SYSTEMS LA English DT Article DE Capacity value; concentrating solar power; equivalent conventional power ID LOAD-CARRYING CAPABILITY; WIND POWER; CREDIT AB We estimate the capacity value of concentrating solar power (CSP) plants without thermal energy storage in the south-western U.S. Our results show that CSP plants have capacity values that are between 45% and 95% of maximum capacity, depending on their location and configuration. We also examine the sensitivity of the capacity value of CSP to a number of factors and show that capacity factor-based methods can provide reasonable approximations of reliability-based estimates. C1 [Madaeni, Seyed Hossein; Sioshansi, Ramteen] Ohio State Univ, Integrated Syst Engn Dept, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Denholm, Paul] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Strateg Energy Anal Ctr, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Madaeni, SH (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Integrated Syst Engn Dept, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. EM madaeni.1@osu.edu; sioshansi.1@osu.edu; paul.denholm@nrel.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC36-08GO28308]; Alliance for Sustainable Energy, LLC [AGJ-0-40267-01] FX This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy through prime contract DE-AC36-08GO28308 and by the Alliance for Sustainable Energy, LLC through subcontract AGJ-0-40267-01. Paper no. TPWRS-00806-2011. NR 30 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 11 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0885-8950 J9 IEEE T POWER SYST JI IEEE Trans. Power Syst. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 27 IS 2 BP 1116 EP 1124 DI 10.1109/TPWRS.2011.2179071 PG 9 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA 931GX UT WOS:000303205500058 ER PT J AU Walker, KP Sham, TL AF Walker, K. P. Sham, T. -L. TI A Fixed-Point Iteration Method With Quadratic Convergence SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED MECHANICS-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Article ID CRITICAL EXPONENTS; BEHAVIOR AB The fixed-point iteration algorithm is turned into a quadratically convergent scheme for a system of nonlinear equations. Most of the usual methods for obtaining the roots of a system of nonlinear equations rely on expanding the equation system about the roots in a Taylor series, and neglecting the higher order terms. Rearrangement of the resulting truncated system then results in the usual Newton-Raphson and Halley type approximations. In this paper the introduction of unit root functions avoids the direct expansion of the nonlinear system about the root, and relies, instead, on approximations which enable the unit root functions to considerably widen the radius of convergence of the iteration method. Methods for obtaining higher order rates of convergence and larger radii of convergence are discussed. [DOI: 10.1115/1.4005878] C1 [Sham, T. -L.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Walker, K. P.] Engn Sci Software Inc, Smithfield, RI 02917 USA. RP Sham, TL (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM shamt@ornl.gov FU Idaho National Laboratory; Office of Nuclear Energy, the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC05-00OR22725]; Oak Ridge National Laboratory FX We are grateful to Dr. Richard N. Wright of the Idaho National Laboratory for the support of this work. The research was sponsored by the Office of Nuclear Energy, the U.S. Department of Energy, under Contract No. DE-AC05-00OR22725 with Oak Ridge National Laboratory, managed and operated by UT-Battelle, LLC. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA SN 0021-8936 J9 J APPL MECH-T ASME JI J. Appl. Mech.-Trans. ASME PD MAY PY 2012 VL 79 IS 3 AR 031001 DI 10.1115/1.4005878 PG 10 WC Mechanics SC Mechanics GA 932AQ UT WOS:000303261700002 ER PT J AU Magnuson, ML Satzger, RD Alcaraz, A Brewer, J Fetterolf, D Harper, M Hrynchuk, R McNally, MF Montgomery, M Nottingham, E Peterson, J Rickenbach, M Seidel, JL Wolnik, K AF Magnuson, Matthew L. Satzger, R. Duane Alcaraz, Armando Brewer, Jason Fetterolf, Dean Harper, Martin Hrynchuk, Ronald McNally, Mary F. Montgomery, Madeline Nottingham, Eric Peterson, James Rickenbach, Michael Seidel, Jimmy L. Wolnik, Karen TI Guidelines for the Identification of Unknown Samples for Laboratories Performing Forensic Analyses for Chemical Terrorism SO JOURNAL OF FORENSIC SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE forensic science; chemical terrorism; unknown; unknown samples; identification; sample acceptance; analysis; reporting ID CHROMATOGRAPHY-MASS SPECTROMETRY; CRITERIA AB Since the early 1990s, the FBI Laboratory has sponsored Scientific Working Groups to improve discipline practices and build consensus among the forensic community. The Scientific Working Group on the Forensic Analysis of Chemical, Biological, Radiological and Nuclear Terrorism developed guidance, contained in this document, on issues forensic laboratories encounter when accepting and analyzing unknown samples associated with chemical terrorism, including laboratory capabilities and analytical testing plans. In the context of forensic analysis of chemical terrorism, this guidance defines an unknown sample and addresses what constitutes definitive and tentative identification. Laboratory safety, reporting issues, and postreporting considerations are also discussed. Utilization of these guidelines, as part of planning for forensic analysis related to a chemical terrorism incident, may help avoid unfortunate consequences not only to the public but also to the laboratory personnel. C1 [Magnuson, Matthew L.] US EPA, Natl Homeland Secur Res Ctr, Off Res & Dev, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Satzger, R. Duane; Wolnik, Karen] US FDA, Forens Chem Ctr, Cincinnati, OH 45237 USA. [Alcaraz, Armando] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Forens Sci Ctr, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. [Brewer, Jason; Fetterolf, Dean; Montgomery, Madeline; Rickenbach, Michael] Fed Bur Invest Lab, Quantico, VA 22135 USA. [Harper, Martin] NIOSH, Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. [Hrynchuk, Ronald] Royal Canadian Mounted Police, Natl Forens Serv, Winnipeg, MB R3N OE7, Canada. [McNally, Mary F.] USA, Dept Def, RDECOM, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. [Nottingham, Eric] US EPA, Natl Enforcement Invest Ctr, Denver Fed Ctr, Lakewood, CO 80225 USA. [Peterson, James] Fed Bur Invest, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. [Seidel, Jimmy L.] US EPA, Off Criminal Enforcement Forens & Training, Forens Operat Program, Denver, CO 80225 USA. RP Magnuson, ML (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Homeland Secur Res Ctr, Off Res & Dev, 26 W Martin Luther King Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM magnuson.matthew@epa.gov NR 21 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 17 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0022-1198 J9 J FORENSIC SCI JI J. Forensic Sci. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 57 IS 3 BP 636 EP 642 DI 10.1111/j.1556-4029.2011.02014.x PG 7 WC Medicine, Legal SC Legal Medicine GA 928QX UT WOS:000302999000009 PM 22211294 ER PT J AU Wang, MR AF Wang, Moran TI Structure Effects on Electro-Osmosis in Microporous Media SO JOURNAL OF HEAT TRANSFER-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT ASME Micro/Nanoscale Heat and Mass Transfer International Conference (MNHMT) CY DEC 18-21, 2009 CL Shanghai, PEOPLES R CHINA SP ASME Nanotechnol Inst DE electro-osmosis; porous media; multiphysical transport; lattice Boltzmann; environment and energy ID LATTICE BOLTZMANN METHOD; HIGH ZETA-POTENTIALS; EFFECTIVE THERMAL-CONDUCTIVITY; ELECTROOSMOTIC FLOWS; POROUS-MEDIA; BOUNDARY-CONDITIONS; MICROCHANNELS; MODEL; EQUATION; MICROSPHERES AB The structure effects on electro-osmosis in microporous media have been studied by modeling the multiphysical transport using our numerical framework. The three-dimensional microstructures of porous media are reproduced by a random generation-growth method, and then the nonlinear governing equations for the electrokinetic transport are solved by a highly efficient lattice Poisson-Boltzmann method. The simulation results indicate that the porous structure type (granular, fibrous, or network) influences the electro-osmotic permeability significantly. At the low porosity regime (< 0.4), the network structure exhibits the highest electro-osmotic permeability because of its highest surface-volume ratio among the three types of structure at the same porosity. When the porosity is high (> 0.5), the granular structure leads to the highest electro-osmotic permeability due to its lower shape resistance characteristics. The present modeling results improve our understanding of hydrodynamic and electrokinetic transport in geophysical systems, and help guide the design of porous electrodes in micro-energy systems. [DOI: 10.1115/1.4005711] C1 [Wang, Moran] Tsinghua Univ, Sch Aerosp, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. [Wang, Moran] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Earth & Environm Sci, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Wang, MR (reprint author), Tsinghua Univ, Sch Aerosp, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. EM moralwang@gmail.com RI Wang, Moran/A-1150-2010 NR 53 TC 11 Z9 16 U1 3 U2 34 PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA SN 0022-1481 J9 J HEAT TRANS-T ASME JI J. Heat Transf.-Trans. ASME PD MAY PY 2012 VL 134 IS 5 AR 051020 DI 10.1115/1.4005711 PG 6 WC Thermodynamics; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Engineering GA 931ZL UT WOS:000303257900021 ER PT J AU Butch, NP Jeffries, JR Maple, MB AF Butch, Nicholas P. Jeffries, Jason R. Maple, M. Brian TI Comment on "Details of Sample Dependence and Transport Properties of URu2Si2" [J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. 80 (2011) 114710] SO JOURNAL OF THE PHYSICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN LA English DT Editorial Material DE URu2Si2; resistivity; hidden order; antiferromagnetism; pressure ID PHASE-DIAGRAM; HIDDEN ORDER C1 [Butch, Nicholas P.; Jeffries, Jason R.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Condensed Matter & Mat Div, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Maple, M. Brian] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Phys, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. RP Butch, NP (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Condensed Matter & Mat Div, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM butch1@llnl.gov NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 8 PU PHYSICAL SOC JAPAN PI TOKYO PA YUSHIMA URBAN BUILDING 5F, 2-31-22 YUSHIMA, BUNKYO-KU, TOKYO, 113-0034, JAPAN SN 0031-9015 J9 J PHYS SOC JPN JI J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 81 IS 5 AR 056001 DI 10.1143/JPSJ.81.056001 PG 2 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 931UM UT WOS:000303244800026 ER PT J AU Hirano, M Yamada, Y Saito, T Nagashima, R Konishi, T Toriyama, T Ohta, Y Fukazawa, H Kohori, Y Furukawa, Y Kihou, K Lee, CH Iyo, A Eisaki, H AF Hirano, Masanori Yamada, Yuji Saito, Taku Nagashima, Ryo Konishi, Takehisa Toriyama, Tatsuya Ohta, Yukinori Fukazawa, Hideto Kohori, Yoh Furukawa, Yuji Kihou, Kunihiro Lee, Chul-Ho Iyo, Akira Eisaki, Hiroshi TI Potential Antiferromagnetic Fluctuations in Hole-Doped Iron-Pnictide Superconductor Ba1-xKxFe2As2 Studied by As-75 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Measurement SO JOURNAL OF THE PHYSICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN LA English DT Article DE iron pnictide superconductor; nuclear magnetic resonance; nuclear quadrupole resonance; spin fluctuations; superconducting gap ID GAPS; CRYSTAL; NMR AB We have performed As-75 nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and nuclear quadrupole resonance (NQR) measurements on single-crystalline Ba1-xKxFe2As2 for x = 0.27-1. As-75 nuclear quadruple resonance frequency (v(Q)) increases linearly with increasing x. The Knight shift K in the normal state shows Pauli paramagnetic behavior with a weak temperature T dependence. K increases gradually with increasing x. By contrast, the nuclear spin-lattice relaxation rate 1/T-1 in the normal state has a strong T dependence, which indicates the existence of large antiferomagnetic (AF) spin fluctuations for all x's. The T dependence of 1/T-1 shows a gaplike behavior below approximately 100 K for 0.6 < x < 0.9. This behaviors is well explained by the change in the band structure with the expansion of hole Fermi surfaces and the shrinkage and disappearance of electron Fermi surfaces at the Brillouin zone (BZ) with increasing x. The anisotropy of 1/T-1, represented by the ratio of 1/T-1ab to 1/T-1c, is always larger than 1 for all x's, which indicates that stripe-type AF fluctuations are dominant in this system. The K in the superconducting (SC) state decreases, which corresponds to the appearance of spin-singlet superconductivity. The T dependence of 1/T-1 in the SC state indicates a multiple-SC-gap feature. A simple two-gap model analysis shows that the larger superconducting gap gradually decreases with increasing x from 0.27 to 1 and a smaller gap decreases rapidly and nearly vanishes for x > 0.6 where electron pockets in BZ disappear. C1 [Hirano, Masanori; Yamada, Yuji; Saito, Taku; Nagashima, Ryo; Toriyama, Tatsuya; Ohta, Yukinori; Fukazawa, Hideto; Kohori, Yoh] Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan. [Konishi, Takehisa] Chiba Univ, Dept Chem, Chiba 2638522, Japan. [Furukawa, Yuji] Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Furukawa, Yuji] Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Kihou, Kunihiro; Lee, Chul-Ho; Iyo, Akira; Eisaki, Hiroshi] Natl Inst Adv Ind Sci & Technol, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058568, Japan. [Ohta, Yukinori; Fukazawa, Hideto; Kohori, Yoh; Kihou, Kunihiro; Lee, Chul-Ho; Iyo, Akira; Eisaki, Hiroshi] JST, Transformat Res Project Iron Pnictides TRIP, Chiyoda Ku, Tokyo 1020075, Japan. RP Hirano, M (reprint author), Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan. EM mas.vt@graduate.chiba-u.jp FU Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT) [21540351, 22684016, 20102005, 21102505]; Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS); Chiba University; Division of Material Sciences and Engineering, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy; Iowa State University [DE-AC02-07CH11358] FX The authors thank K. Ohishi, Y. Ishii, I. Watanabe, K. Okazaki, W. Malaeb, Y. Oota, S. Shin, S. Kittaka, Y. Aoki, and T. Sakakibara for fruitful discussion and permitting the authors to refer their unpublished data. This work is supported by Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research (Nos. 21540351 and 22684016) from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT) and the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS), and Innovative Areas "Heavy Electrons'' (Nos. 20102005 and 21102505) from MEXT, Global COE and AGGST financial support program from Chiba University. The work at Ames Laboratory was supported by the Division of Material Sciences and Engineering, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy. Ames Laboratory is operated for the US Department of Energy by Iowa State University under contract No. DE-AC02-07CH11358. NR 61 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 2 U2 10 PU PHYSICAL SOC JAPAN PI TOKYO PA YUSHIMA URBAN BUILDING 5F, 2-31-22 YUSHIMA, BUNKYO-KU, TOKYO, 113-0034, JAPAN SN 0031-9015 J9 J PHYS SOC JPN JI J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 81 IS 5 AR 054704 DI 10.1143/JPSJ.81.054704 PG 10 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 931UM UT WOS:000303244800016 ER PT J AU Diefenderfer, HL Johnson, GE Skalski, JR Breithaupt, SA Coleman, AM AF Diefenderfer, Heida L. Johnson, Gary E. Skalski, John R. Breithaupt, Stephen A. Coleman, Andre M. TI Application of the diminishing returns concept in the hydroecologic restoration of riverscapes SO LANDSCAPE ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Cumulative effects; Dike breach; Law of the diminishing increment; Law of diminishing returns; Fish; Hydrodynamics; Nonlinear dynamics; Planning; Restoration; Juvenile salmon; Spatial scale ID RESTORED ESTUARINE WETLAND; JUVENILE CHINOOK SALMON; COLUMBIA RIVER-BASIN; FORESTED WETLANDS; CONSERVATION; FLOODPLAINS; ECOSYSTEMS; BIODIVERSITY; LANDSCAPES; PRINCIPLES AB Increasing our knowledge of unplanned anthropogenic synergies, which have affected ecosystems since prehistory, may facilitate ecological restoration. Predictive relationships between spatial pattern and ecosystem processes and functions in riverscapes have the potential to inform applied ecosystem restoration planning and design, where principles are needed for large-scale river reconnections. Although synergistic, additive, and antagonistic interactions affect ecosystems, the role of such interactions in restoration rarely has been evaluated. Using hydrodynamic modeling, we experimentally examine the aggregate effects of reestablishing hydrologic connections in a tidal freshwater tributary on the floodplain of the Columbia River, USA, which is currently undergoing dike breaching to restore juvenile salmon habitat. Sets of dike breaches yielded average wetted floodplain areas conforming to a two-parameter hyperbola (r (2) = 0.93). These findings demonstrate that the yield of inundated floodplain habitat area from dike breaching can conform to the well-established "law of the diminishing increment," developed in the study of agriculture and economics. Furthermore, the influence of spatial configuration on yield was strong, with midstream breaches yielding 63% and upstream breaches 2% of the wetted area produced by downstream breaches, although conditions of extreme high river flow were not studied. Opening the dike at 26% of the historically present channel outlets provided the maximum return on investment for the study riverscape. Verification of this relationship elsewhere in tidal areas of the Columbia River and on other large river floodplains would contribute to cost-benefit analyses in ecological restoration program planning and have implications for effects on biota. C1 [Diefenderfer, Heida L.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Marine Sci Lab, Sequim, WA 98382 USA. [Johnson, Gary E.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Portland, OR 97204 USA. [Skalski, John R.] Univ Washington, Sch Aquat & Fisheries Sci, Columbia Basin Res, Seattle, WA 98101 USA. [Breithaupt, Stephen A.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Seattle, WA 98109 USA. [Coleman, Andre M.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99354 USA. RP Diefenderfer, HL (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Marine Sci Lab, 1529 W Sequim Bay Rd, Sequim, WA 98382 USA. EM heida.diefenderfer@pnnl.gov OI Skalski, John/0000-0002-7070-2505 FU U.S. Army Corps of Engineers FX This research was partially supported by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Columbia River Fish Mitigation Program. The authors thank Dr. R.M. Thom, who to the best of our knowledge first envisioned applying cumulative effects assessment methods to the study of large-scale ecological restoration, and B. Ebberts, who supported the vision. We are grateful for comments received from H. Allen, V. Cullinan, R. Ecker, and anonymous reviewers. NR 62 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 5 U2 29 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-2973 J9 LANDSCAPE ECOL JI Landsc. Ecol. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 27 IS 5 BP 671 EP 682 DI 10.1007/s10980-012-9713-8 PG 12 WC Ecology; Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography; Geology GA 929JC UT WOS:000303056100005 ER PT J AU Saimoto, S Cazacu, O Kaschner, GC AF Saimoto, S. Cazacu, O. Kaschner, G. C. TI Characterization of work-hardening evolution in hexagonal metals using mean slip distance normalized with inter-obstacle spacing SO MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING LA English DT Article DE Mechanical characterization; Magnesium alloys; Titanium alloys; Crystal plasticity; Hardening; Twinning ID ZIRCONIUM; STRAIN; MAGNESIUM; TITANIUM; SENSITIVITY; CRYSTALS AB The quantitative determination of the mean slip distance is the basis for the new constitutive relation that encompass slip-based parameters which are determined by precise fitting the functional form to the measured work-hardening evolution. This replicating procedure appears to apply to cases where non-monotonic work-hardening is evident but in such cases more than two fit-loci are required. The extrapolation of such loci to define the matrix strength for the composite structure involving mechanical twins can predict the upper-limit volume fraction of twins present. Comparison with other means of microstructural determinations directly correlates the observed mechanistic changes with the mechanical response. Normalization of the mean slip distance with the inter-obstacle spacing is found to be independent of the strength of obstacle and the evolving texture. Hence its plot can delineate the critical strain locations and supplement this data with quantitative values with respect to volume fraction of twinning. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Saimoto, S.] Queens Univ, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada. [Cazacu, O.] Univ Florida, Shalimar, FL 32539 USA. [Kaschner, G. C.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Nucl Mat Sci Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Saimoto, S (reprint author), Queens Univ, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada. EM saimoto@me.queensu.ca RI Kaschner, George/H-4445-2013; Cazacu, Oana/L-4635-2016 OI Cazacu, Oana/0000-0002-2499-9096 FU Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada FX We thank the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada for support of studies in fundamental crystal physics for over four decades to one of us (SS). We thank Jeffrey Handley for computation assistance. NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 16 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0921-5093 J9 MAT SCI ENG A-STRUCT JI Mater. Sci. Eng. A-Struct. Mater. Prop. Microstruct. Process. PD MAY 1 PY 2012 VL 543 BP 129 EP 138 DI 10.1016/j.msea.2012.02.060 PG 10 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 932NS UT WOS:000303298400018 ER PT J AU Torkamani, S Butcher, EA Todd, MD Park, G AF Torkamani, Shahab Butcher, Eric A. Todd, Michael D. Park, Gyuhae TI Hyperchaotic probe for damage identification using nonlinear prediction error SO MECHANICAL SYSTEMS AND SIGNAL PROCESSING LA English DT Article DE Damage identification; Hyperchaotic excitation; Prediction error; Attractor geometry ID TIME-SERIES; CHAOTIC INTERROGATION; LYAPUNOV SPECTRUM; PRELOAD LOSS; EXCITATION; NOISE; ALGORITHMS; DIMENSION; SYSTEM; FRAME AB The idea of damage assessment based on using a steady-state chaotic excitation and state space embedding, proposed during the recent few years, has led to the development of a computationally feasible health monitoring technique based on comparisons between the geometry of a baseline attractor and a test attractor at some unknown state of health. This study explores an extension to this concept, namely a hyperchaotic excitation. Three different types of Lorenz chaotic/hyperchaotic oscillators are used to provide the excitations and comparisons are made using a prediction error feature called 'nonlinear auto-prediction error', which is based on attractor geometry, to evaluate the efficiency of chaotic excitation versus hyperchaotic ones. An 8-degree-of-freedom system and a cantilever beam are two models that are used for numerical simulation. A comparison between the results from the chaotic excitation with the results from each of the hyperchaotic excitations, obtained for both of the numerical models, highlights the higher sensitivity of a hyperchaotic excitation relative to a chaotic excitation. The experimental results also confirm the numerical results conveying the higher sensitivity of the hyperchaotic excitation compared to the chaotic one. A hyperchaotic excitation having three positive Lyapunov exponents is shown in some cases to be even more sensitive than a two-positive-Lyapunov-exponent hyperchaotic excitation. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Torkamani, Shahab; Butcher, Eric A.] New Mexico State Univ, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. [Todd, Michael D.] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Struct Engn, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Park, Gyuhae] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Torkamani, S (reprint author), New Mexico State Univ, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. EM shahab@nmsu.edu RI Torkamani, shahab/F-5714-2012 FU UCSD/Los Alamos Engineering Institute; Los Alamos National Laboratories, through the LANL-NMSU MOU [GR0002842] FX Financial support from the UCSD/Los Alamos Engineering Institute, the Los Alamos National Laboratories, through the LANL-NMSU MOU No. GR0002842 is gratefully appreciated. NR 40 TC 6 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 5 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0888-3270 J9 MECH SYST SIGNAL PR JI Mech. Syst. Signal Proc. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 29 SI SI BP 457 EP 473 DI 10.1016/j.ymssp.2011.12.019 PG 17 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA 932DO UT WOS:000303270800034 ER PT J AU Mage, M Dolan, M Wang, R Boyd, L Revilleza, M Robinson, H Natarajan, K Myers, N Hansen, T Margulies, D AF Mage, Michael Dolan, Michael Wang, Rui Boyd, Lisa Revilleza, Maria Robinson, Howard Natarajan, Kannan Myers, Nancy Hansen, Ted Margulies, David TI The peptide-receptive transition state of MHC-I molecules: Insight from structure and molecular dynamics SO MOLECULAR IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 7th Biannual Workshop on Antigen Presentation CY APR 24-27, 2012 CL Amsterdam, NETHERLANDS C1 [Mage, Michael; Wang, Rui; Boyd, Lisa; Revilleza, Maria; Natarajan, Kannan; Margulies, David] NIAID, NIH, Immunol Lab, Mol Biol Sect, Bethesda, MD USA. [Dolan, Michael] NIAID, NIH, Bioinformat & Computat Biosci Branch, Computat Biol Sect, Bethesda, MD USA. [Robinson, Howard] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Myers, Nancy; Hansen, Ted] Washington Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pathol & Immunol, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0161-5890 J9 MOL IMMUNOL JI Mol. Immunol. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 51 IS 1 BP 24 EP 24 DI 10.1016/j.molimm.2012.02.064 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Immunology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Immunology GA 934FT UT WOS:000303429800059 ER PT J AU Tomasi, D Volkow, ND AF Tomasi, D. Volkow, N. D. TI Aging and functional brain networks SO MOLECULAR PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Article DE aging; Alzheimer's disease; functional connectomes; connectivity ID ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE; DOPAMINE ACTIVITY; WORKING-MEMORY; CONNECTIVITY; DECLINE; AGE; IMPAIRMENT; PATTERNS; RESERVE; FMRI AB Aging is associated with changes in human brain anatomy and function and cognitive decline. Recent studies suggest the aging decline of major functional connectivity hubs in the 'default-mode' network (DMN). Aging effects on other networks, however, are largely unknown. We hypothesized that aging would be associated with a decline of short- and long-range functional connectivity density (FCD) hubs in the DMN. To test this hypothesis, we evaluated resting-state data sets corresponding to 913 healthy subjects from a public magnetic resonance imaging database using functional connectivity density mapping (FCDM), a voxelwise and data-driven approach, together with parallel computing. Aging was associated with pronounced long-range FCD decreases in DMN and dorsal attention network (DAN) and with increases in somatosensory and subcortical networks. Aging effects in these networks were stronger for long-range than for short-range FCD and were also detected at the level of the main functional hubs. Females had higher short- and long-range FCD in DMN and lower FCD in the somatosensory network than males, but the gender by age interaction effects were not significant for any of the networks or hubs. These findings suggest that long-range connections may be more vulnerable to aging effects than short-range connections and that, in addition to the DMN, the DAN is also sensitive to aging effects, which could underlie the deterioration of attention processes that occurs with aging. Molecular Psychiatry (2012) 17, 549-558; doi:10.1038/mp.2011.81; published online 5 July 2011 C1 [Tomasi, D.; Volkow, N. D.] NIAAA, Bethesda, MD USA. [Volkow, N. D.] NIDA, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RP Tomasi, D (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Lab Neuroimaging LNI NIAAA, Dept Med, Bldg 490,30 Bell Ave, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM tomasi@bnl.gov RI Tomasi, Dardo/J-2127-2015 FU National Institutes of Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism [2RO1AA09481] FX This study was supported by the National Institutes of Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (2RO1AA09481). NR 56 TC 133 Z9 135 U1 5 U2 40 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 1359-4184 EI 1476-5578 J9 MOL PSYCHIATR JI Mol. Psychiatr. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 17 IS 5 BP 549 EP 558 DI 10.1038/mp.2011.81 PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Neurosciences; Psychiatry SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA 930BN UT WOS:000303110800010 ER PT J AU Yu, Z McKnight, TE Ericson, MN Melechko, AV Simpson, ML Morrison, B AF Yu, Zhe McKnight, Timothy E. Ericson, M. Nance Melechko, Anatoli V. Simpson, Michael L. Morrison, Barclay, III TI Vertically aligned carbon nanofiber as nano-neuron interface for monitoring neural function SO NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE Carbon nanofiber; Neural interface; Neural chip; Nano-neuron interface; Electrophysiology ID ARRAYS; NANOSCALE; SIGNALS; SLICES AB Neural chips, which are capable of simultaneous multisite neural recording and stimulation, have been used to detect and modulate neural activity for almost thirty years. As neural interfaces, neural chips provide dynamic functional information for neural decoding and neural control. By improving sensitivity and spatial resolution, nano-scale electrodes may revolutionize neural detection and modulation at cellular and molecular levels as nano-neuron interfaces. We developed a carbon-nanofiber neural chip with lithographically defined arrays of vertically aligned carbon nanofiber electrodes and demonstrated its capability of both stimulating and monitoring electrophysiological signals from brain tissues in vitro and monitoring dynamic information of neuroplasticity. This novel nano-neuron interface may potentially serve as a precise, informative, biocompatible, and dual-mode neural interface for monitoring of both neuroelectrical and neurochemical activity at the single-cell level and even inside the cell. From the Clinical Editor: The authors demonstrate the utility of a neural chip with lithographically defined arrays of vertically aligned carbon nanofiber electrodes. The new device can be used to stimulate and/or monitor signals from brain tissue in vitro and for monitoring dynamic information of neuroplasticity both intracellularly and at the single cell level including neuroelectrical and neurochemical activities. (C) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Yu, Zhe] Chinese Acad Sci, Shenzhen Inst Adv Technol, Shenzhen Key Lab Neuropsychiat Modulat,Inst Biome, Biomed Microdevices Res Lab,Key Lab Hlth Informat, Shenzhen 518055, Peoples R China. [Yu, Zhe; Morrison, Barclay, III] Columbia Univ, Dept Biomed Engn, New York, NY USA. [McKnight, Timothy E.; Melechko, Anatoli V.; Simpson, Michael L.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Mol Scale Engn & Nanoscale Technol Res Grp, Oak Ridge, TN USA. [McKnight, Timothy E.; Ericson, M. Nance] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Monolith Syst Dev Grp, Oak Ridge, TN USA. [Melechko, Anatoli V.; Simpson, Michael L.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Nanophase Mat Sci, Oak Ridge, TN USA. RP Yu, Z (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Shenzhen Inst Adv Technol, Shenzhen Key Lab Neuropsychiat Modulat,Inst Biome, Biomed Microdevices Res Lab,Key Lab Hlth Informat, 1068 Xueyuan Ave, Shenzhen 518055, Peoples R China. EM zhe.yu@siat.ac.cn RI Morrison, Barclay/B-7132-2008; Simpson, Michael/A-8410-2011; Melechko, Anatoli/B-8820-2008; Yu, Zhe/K-6180-2013; Ericson, Milton/H-9880-2016; McKnight, Timothy/H-3087-2011 OI Morrison, Barclay/0000-0001-7676-0864; Simpson, Michael/0000-0002-3933-3457; Yu, Zhe/0000-0002-1401-2294; Ericson, Milton/0000-0002-6628-4865; McKnight, Timothy/0000-0003-4326-9117 FU National Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering [1-R01EB006316]; Material Sciences and Engineering Division of the DOE Office of Science [DE-AC05-00OR22725]; UT-Battelle, LLC; Laboratory Directed Research and Development of the Oak Ridge National Laboratory; Material Sciences and Engineering Division of the DOE Office of Science; National Natural Science Foundation of China [61102042]; Youth Innovation Promotion Association, Chinese Academy of Sciences; [1R21NS052794] FX This study was supported in part by grant 1R21NS052794 (NINDS) to B. Morrison III and in part by the National Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering under assignment 1-R01EB006316 to T. E. McKnight by the Material Sciences and Engineering Division Program of the DOE Office of Science under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725 with UT-Battelle, LLC and through the Laboratory Directed Research and Development funding program of the Oak Ridge National Laboratory. A. V. Melechko and M. L. Simpson acknowledge support from the Material Sciences and Engineering Division Program of the DOE Office of Science. Z. Yu acknowledges support from National Natural Science Foundation of China (61102042) and Youth Innovation Promotion Association, Chinese Academy of Sciences. NR 10 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 2 U2 48 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1549-9634 J9 NANOMED-NANOTECHNOL JI Nanomed.-Nanotechnol. Biol. Med. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 8 IS 4 BP 419 EP 423 DI 10.1016/j.nano.2012.02.011 PG 5 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 930QI UT WOS:000303153800004 PM 22406183 ER PT J AU Bess, JD AF Bess, John D. TI Development of a HEX-Z Partially Homogenized Benchmark Model for the FFTF Isothermal Physics Measurements SO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING LA English DT Article AB A series of isothermal physics measurements was performed as part of an acceptance testing program for the Fast Flux Test Facility (FFTF). A HEX-Z partially homogenized benchmark model of the FFTF fully loaded core configuration was developed for evaluation of these measurements. Evaluated measurements include the critical eigenvalue of the fully loaded core, two neutron spectra, 32 reactivity effects measurements, an isothermal temperature coefficient, and low-energy gamma and electron spectra. Dominant uncertainties in the critical configuration include the placement of radial shielding around the core, reactor core assembly pitch, composition of the stainless steel components, plutonium content in the fuel pellets, and boron content in the absorber pellets. Calculations of criticality, reactivity effects measurements, and the isothermal temperature coefficient using Monte Carlo N-Particle version 5.1.40 (MCNP5) and ENDF/B-VII.0 cross sections with the benchmark model are in good agreement with the benchmark experiment measurements. There is little agreement between calculated and measured spectral measurements. This benchmark evaluation has been added to the International Handbook of Evaluated Reactor Physics Benchmark Experiments. C1 Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. RP Bess, JD (reprint author), Idaho Natl Lab, POB 1625,MS 3855, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. EM John.Bess@INL.gov OI Bess, John/0000-0002-4936-9103 FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC07-05ID14517] FX The author would like to thank S. Bays and J.B. Briggs from the Idaho National Laboratory and R.M. Lell, R.D. McKnight, and J.A. Morman from Argonne National Laboratory for their review and support in developing a comprehensive benchmark evaluation. Extra gratitude is expressed for D.W. Wootan from PNNL for his collaboration in obtaining and reviewing FFTF data. Further appreciation is expressed to all the international participants in the International Reactor Physics Experiment Evaluation Project for all their well-spent time and effort. This paper was prepared at the Idaho National Laboratory for the U.S. Department of Energy under contract DE-AC07-05ID14517. NR 22 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOC PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA SN 0029-5639 J9 NUCL SCI ENG JI Nucl. Sci. Eng. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 171 IS 1 BP 32 EP 40 PG 9 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 932RC UT WOS:000303307200003 ER PT J AU Unwin, SD Lowry, PP Toyooka, MY AF Unwin, Stephen D. Lowry, Peter P. Toyooka, Michael Y. TI Reliability Models of Aging Passive Components Informed by Materials Degradation Metrics to Support Long-Term Reactor Operations SO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING LA English DT Article AB Conventional probabilistic risk assessments (PRAs) are not well suited to addressing long-term reactor operations. Since passive structures and components are among those for which replacement can be least practical, they might be expected to contribute increasingly to risk in an aging plant; yet, passives receive limited treatment in PRAs. Furthermore, PRAs produce only snapshots of risk based on the assumption of time-independent component failure rates. This assumption is unlikely to be valid in aging systems. The treatment of aging passive components in PRA presents challenges. Service data to quantify component reliability models are sparse, and this is exacerbated by the greater data demands of age-dependent reliability models. Another factor is that there can be numerous potential degradation mechanisms associated with the materials and operating environment of a given component. This deepens the data problem since risk-informed management of component aging will demand an understanding of the long-term risk significance of individual degradation mechanisms. In this paper we describe a Bayesian methodology that integrates metrics of materials degradation susceptibility with available plant service data to estimate age-dependent passive component reliabilities. Integration of these models into conventional PRA will provide a basis for materials degradation management informed by predicted long-term operational risk. C1 [Unwin, Stephen D.; Lowry, Peter P.; Toyooka, Michael Y.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Unwin, SD (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, POB 999,K6-52, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM stephen.unwin@pnnl.gov FU PNNL's Sustainable Nuclear Power Initiative FX This work was funded by PNNL's Sustainable Nuclear Power Initiative as part of the Reactor Aging Management Focus Area. NR 22 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOC PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA SN 0029-5639 J9 NUCL SCI ENG JI Nucl. Sci. Eng. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 171 IS 1 BP 69 EP 77 PG 9 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 932RC UT WOS:000303307200006 ER PT J AU Schlueter, JA Geiser, U Wang, HH Manson, JL AF Schlueter, John A. Geiser, Urs Wang, Hau H. Manson, Jamie L. TI A fourth polymorph in the family of BEDT-TTF salts with thiocyanatocuprate(I) anions: (BEDT-TTF)4Cu3(NCS)5 SO PHYSICA STATUS SOLIDI B-BASIC SOLID STATE PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE BEDT-TTF; copper(I) thiocyanate; polymorphism; X-ray crystal structure ID ORGANIC CONDUCTORS; STRUCTURAL GENEALOGY; MOLECULES; PHASES AB A new crystallographic modification was found in the family of BEDT-TTF salts containing thiocyanatocuprate(I) anions. The cation radical salt crystallizes in the P1{(bar)} space group with a=8.2720(9)angstrom, b=19.099(2)angstrom, c=43.758(5)angstrom, alpha=81.088(4)degrees, beta=87.253(4)degrees, gamma=83.790(4)degrees, V=6786.2(13)angstrom 3 at 150K. The BEDT-TTF radical cations pack in an a-type motif, but every four columns, there is a slip in the layer. Where this slip occurs, the stacks are coupled in a beta manner. The material exhibits semiconductive behavior with an activation energy of 0.13eV above 250K and 0.22eV below. Packing motif of the (BEDT-TTF)4Cu3(NCS)5 structure. C1 [Schlueter, John A.; Geiser, Urs; Wang, Hau H.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Manson, Jamie L.] Eastern Washington Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Cheney, WA 99004 USA. RP Schlueter, JA (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM JASchlueter@anl.gov FU UChicago Argonne, LLC; U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science laboratory [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX Work supported by UChicago Argonne, LLC, Operator of Argonne National Laboratory ('Argonne'). Argonne, a U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science laboratory, is operated under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. NR 16 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 0370-1972 J9 PHYS STATUS SOLIDI B JI Phys. Status Solidi B-Basic Solid State Phys. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 249 IS 5 BP 933 EP 936 DI 10.1002/pssb.201100726 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 931FK UT WOS:000303201200011 ER PT J AU Muller, J Brandenburg, J Schweitzer, D Schlueter, JA AF Mueller, Jens Brandenburg, Jens Schweitzer, Dieter Schlueter, John A. TI Different electronic transport regimes in the quasi-two-dimensional organic conductors ?-(BEDT-TTF)2X SO PHYSICA STATUS SOLIDI B-BASIC SOLID STATE PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE fluctuation spectroscopy; Mott metal-insulator transition; organic charge-transfer salts ID MOTT TRANSITION; CRITICAL-BEHAVIOR; BEDT-TTF; SUPERCONDUCTOR; NMR; METALS; SPECTROSCOPY; NOISE AB We study the low-frequency dynamical properties of correlated charge carriers in various of the quasi-two-dimensional organic charge-transfer salts ?-(BEDT-TTF)2X by means of fluctuation (noise) spectroscopy. Close to the critical endpoint of the Mott metal-insulator transition, a pronounced increase of the 1/f-noise level accompanied by a substantial shift of spectral weight to low frequencies indicates a sudden increase of the time scale of the charge fluctuations. For the less correlated, more metallic materials, we find a crossover/transition from hopping transport of more-or-less localized carriers at elevated temperatures to a low-temperature regime, where a metallic coupling of the layers allows for coherent interlayer transport of delocalized electrons. C1 [Mueller, Jens; Brandenburg, Jens] Goethe Univ Frankfurt, Inst Phys, D-60438 Frankfurt, Main, Germany. [Schweitzer, Dieter] Univ Stuttgart, Inst Phys 3, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany. [Schlueter, John A.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Muller, J (reprint author), Goethe Univ Frankfurt, Inst Phys, D-60438 Frankfurt, Main, Germany. EM j.mueller@physik.uni-frankfurt.de FU Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) [SFB/TR 49]; U. S. Department of Energy Office of Science [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX Work supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) through the Emmy Noether program and SFB/TR 49. Work at Argonne National Laboratory is supported by the U. S. Department of Energy Office of Science under contract no. DE-AC02-06CH11357. NR 38 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 4 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA POSTFACH 101161, 69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 0370-1972 EI 1521-3951 J9 PHYS STATUS SOLIDI B JI Phys. Status Solidi B-Basic Solid State Phys. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 249 IS 5 BP 957 EP 961 DI 10.1002/pssb.201100633 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 931FK UT WOS:000303201200016 ER PT J AU Kaiser, S Yasin, S Drichko, N Dressel, M Room, T Huvonen, D Nagel, U Gard, GL Schlueter, JA AF Kaiser, S. Yasin, S. Drichko, N. Dressel, M. Room, T. Huevonen, D. Nagel, U. Gard, G. L. Schlueter, J. A. TI Optical investigations of the superconducting energy gap in beta ''-(BEDT-TTF)(2)SF5CH2CF2SO3 SO PHYSICA STATUS SOLIDI B-BASIC SOLID STATE PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE charge order; infrared spectroscopy; organic conductors; superconducting gap; THz spectroscopy ID BEDT-TTF; ORGANIC SUPERCONDUCTOR; CONDUCTIVITY; BIS(ETHYLENEDITHIO)TETRATHIAFULVALENE; ALPHA(T)-(BEDT-TTF)(2)I-3; SPECTROSCOPY; CONDUCTORS; METALS; STATE; ORDER AB The organic salt beta''-(BEDT-TTF)2SF5CH2CF2SO3 is a two-dimensional metal with a quarter-filled conduction band. In the metallic state the optical conductivity evidences interaction of the charge carriers with charge-order fluctuations that become stronger as temperature decreases. In the superconducting phase below Tc approximate to 5K, indications of the superconducting gap with 2 Delta approximate to 12- 1 are observed in the optical spectrum, corresponding to 2 Delta/ kappa Tc-Beta approximate to 3.3. Its temperature and magnetic field dependences are also consistent with predictions by the BCS theory of a weakly coupled superconductor. The conductivity ratio sigma 1(T = 1.75K)/sigma 1(10K) indicates the opening of the superconducting gap in beta''-(BEDT-TTF)2SF5CH2CF2SO3. C1 [Kaiser, S.; Yasin, S.; Drichko, N.; Dressel, M.; Huevonen, D.] Univ Stuttgart, Inst Phys, D-70550 Stuttgart, Germany. [Room, T.; Huevonen, D.; Nagel, U.] NICPB, EE-12618 Tallinn, Estonia. [Gard, G. L.] Portland State Univ, Dept Chem, Portland, OR 97207 USA. [Schlueter, J. A.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Drichko, N (reprint author), Univ Stuttgart, Inst Phys, Pfaffenwaldring 57, D-70550 Stuttgart, Germany. EM drichko@pi1.physik.uni-stuttgart.de RI Kaiser, Stefan/B-7788-2008; Nagel, Urmas/A-6402-2008; Huvonen, Dan/A-6664-2008; Room, Toomas/A-6412-2008; Dressel, Martin/D-3244-2012 OI Kaiser, Stefan/0000-0001-9862-2788; Nagel, Urmas/0000-0001-5827-9495; Huvonen, Dan/0000-0002-8906-6588; Room, Toomas/0000-0002-6165-8290; FU Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG); Margarethe von Wrangell program; US Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Sciences [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; NSF [Che-9904316]; Estonian Science Foundation [ETF6138, ETF7011] FX The work was supported by Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG). ND acknowledges the support by the Margarethe von Wrangell program. Work at Argonne National Laboratory is sponsored by the US Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Sciences, under contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. Work at Portland was supported by NSF (Che-9904316) and in Tallinn by Estonian Science Foundation grants ETF6138 and ETF7011. NR 34 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 13 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA BOSCHSTRASSE 12, D-69469 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 0370-1972 J9 PHYS STATUS SOLIDI B JI Phys. Status Solidi B-Basic Solid State Phys. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 249 IS 5 BP 985 EP 990 DI 10.1002/pssb.201100526 PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 931FK UT WOS:000303201200022 ER PT J AU Drut, JE Lahde, TA Wlazlowski, G Magierski, P AF Drut, Joaquin E. Lahde, Timo A. Wlazlowski, Gabriel Magierski, Piotr TI Equation of state of the unitary Fermi gas: An update on lattice calculations SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID PHYSICS; MATTER AB The thermodynamic properties of the unitary Fermi gas (UFG) have recently been measured to unprecedented accuracy at the MIT. In particular, these measurements provide an improved understanding of the regime below T/epsilon(F) similar or equal to 0.20, where a transition into a superfluid phase occurs. In light of this development, we present an overview of state-of-the-art auxiliary field quantum Monte Carlo (AFQMC) results for the UFG at finite temperature and compare them with the MIT data for the energy, chemical potential, and density. These AFQMC results have been obtained using methods based on the hybrid Monte Carlo (HMC) algorithm, which was first introduced within the context of lattice QCD. C1 [Drut, Joaquin E.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Lahde, Timo A.] Univ Helsinki, Helsinki Inst Phys, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland. [Wlazlowski, Gabriel; Magierski, Piotr] Warsaw Univ Technol, Fac Phys, PL-00662 Warsaw, Poland. [Magierski, Piotr] Univ Washington, Dept Phys, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Drut, JE (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. FU US DOE [DE-FC02-07ER41457]; Polish Ministry of Science [N N202 128439, 628/MOB/2011/0]; Vilho, Yrjo, and Kalle Vaisala Foundation of the Finnish Academy of Science and Letters; Magnus Ehrnrooth; Waldemar von Frenckell; Ruth and Nils-Erik Stenback foundations of the Finnish Society of Sciences and Letters FX We thank M. Zwierlein for making the MIT data available and F. Werner for providing us with the BDMC results. We are also indebted to A. Bulgac for instructive discussions and a careful reading of the manuscript. We acknowledge support under US DOE Grant No. DE-FC02-07ER41457 and Contract No. N N202 128439 of the Polish Ministry of Science. This study was supported, in part, by the Vilho, Yrjo, and Kalle Vaisala Foundation of the Finnish Academy of Science and Letters and by the Magnus Ehrnrooth, the Waldemar von Frenckell, and the Ruth and Nils-Erik Stenback foundations of the Finnish Society of Sciences and Letters. One of the authors (G.W.) acknowledges the Polish Ministry of Science for the support within the program "Mobility Plus-I edition" under Contract No. 628/MOB/2011/0. Part of the computer time for this study was provided by the Interdisciplinary Centre for Mathematical and Computational Modeling (ICM) at the University of Warsaw. NR 38 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD MAY 1 PY 2012 VL 85 IS 5 AR 051601 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.85.051601 PG 4 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA 933TG UT WOS:000303385000002 ER PT J AU Richardson, CD Hinman, NW McHenry, LJ Kotler, JM Knipe, DL Scott, JR AF Richardson, C. Doc Hinman, Nancy W. McHenry, Lindsay J. Kotler, J. Michelle Knipe, Dawn L. Scott, Jill R. TI Secondary sulfate mineralization and basaltic chemistry of craters of the Moon National Monument, Idaho: Potential martian analog SO PLANETARY AND SPACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Thenardite; Caves; Mars; Secondary sulfate mineralization; Evaporites ID SNAKE-RIVER-PLAIN; X-RAY SPECTROMETER; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; MERIDIANI-PLANUM; EMISSION-SPECTROSCOPY; SPECIATION ANALYSIS; AMINO-ACIDS; MARS; CAVES; MINERALS AB Craters of the Moon National Monument (COM) basalts offer a reasonable analog to martian basalts, as they have elevated iron concentrations compared to traditional terrestrial analogs. Although secondary sulfate minerals on the evaporitic regions of Mars consist primarily of Mg-, Ca-, and Fe-bearing sulfate minerals, recent orbiter spectroscopic data have suggested Na-sulfate minerals may be present. Secondary minerals in the basaltic caves of COM in southern Idaho are white, efflorescent deposits in small cavities along the cave walls and ceilings and localized mounds on the cave floors. These deposits were examined using X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (XRF), Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FTIR), and laser desorption Fourier transform ion cyclotron mass spectrometry (LD-FTICRMS). The secondary mineral assemblages were dominated by Na-sulfate minerals (thenardite, mirabilite) with a small fraction of the deposits containing minor concentrations of Na-carbonate minerals. Based on thermodynamic modeling results, formation of the deposits was attributed to leaching of basalt minerals by meteoritic water followed by evaporation of solutions. Such deposits could form under similar conditions in basaltic caves on Mars, making caves an excellent target for astrobiological investigations. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Richardson, C. Doc; Hinman, Nancy W.; Kotler, J. Michelle; Scott, Jill R.] Univ Montana, Dept Geosci, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. [McHenry, Lindsay J.; Knipe, Dawn L.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Geosci, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA. [Scott, Jill R.] Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. RP Hinman, NW (reprint author), Univ Montana, Dept Geosci, 32 Campus Dr, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. EM nancy.hinman@umontana.edu; lmchenry@uwm.edu; jill.scott@inl.gov RI Scott, Jill/G-7275-2012 FU National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) [NNX08AP59G]; Wisconsin Space Grant Consortium; DOE Idaho Operations Office [DE-AC07-05ID14517] FX The authors acknowledge the support by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Exobiology Program (NNX08AP59G) and the Wisconsin Space Grant Consortium. LJM and DLK would also like to thank Joseph Ruffini and Katherine LeCloux for their help in the field and the laboratory. Research was performed at the Idaho National Laboratory under DOE Idaho Operations Office Contract DE-AC07-05ID14517. NR 64 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 29 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0032-0633 J9 PLANET SPACE SCI JI Planet Space Sci. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 65 IS 1 BP 93 EP 103 DI 10.1016/j.pss.2012.02.002 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 930KC UT WOS:000303137300009 ER PT J AU Vieira, J Martins, SF Fiuza, F Huang, CK Mori, WB Mangles, SPD Kneip, S Nagel, S Najmudin, Z Silva, LO AF Vieira, J. Martins, S. F. Fiuza, F. Huang, C. K. Mori, W. B. Mangles, S. P. D. Kneip, S. Nagel, S. Najmudin, Z. Silva, L. O. TI Influence of realistic parameters on state-of-the-art laser wakefield accelerator experiments SO PLASMA PHYSICS AND CONTROLLED FUSION LA English DT Article ID ELECTRON-ACCELERATOR; PLASMA INTERACTIONS; INTENSE; BEAMS; SIMULATIONS; GENERATION; CHANNEL; PULSES; FRAMES AB We examine the influence of non-ideal plasma-density and non-Gaussian transverse laser-intensity profiles in the laser wakefield accelerator analytically and numerically. We find that the characteristic amplitude and scale length of longitudinal density fluctuations impact on the final energies achieved by electron bunches. Conditions that minimize the role of the longitudinal plasma-density fluctuations are found. The influence of higher order Laguerre-Gaussian laser pulses is also investigated. We find that higher order laser modes typically lead to lower energy gains. Certain combinations of higher order modes may, however, lead to higher electron energy gains. C1 [Vieira, J.; Martins, S. F.; Fiuza, F.; Silva, L. O.] Inst Super Tecn, Lab Associado, GoLP Inst Plasmas & Fusao Nucl, P-1049001 Lisbon, Portugal. [Huang, C. K.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Mori, W. B.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Phys & Astron, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Mangles, S. P. D.; Kneip, S.; Nagel, S.; Najmudin, Z.] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Blackett Lab, London SW7 2AZ, England. RP Vieira, J (reprint author), Inst Super Tecn, Lab Associado, GoLP Inst Plasmas & Fusao Nucl, P-1049001 Lisbon, Portugal. EM jorge.vieira@ist.utl.pt; luis.silva@ist.utl.pt RI Silva, Luis/C-3169-2009; Vieira, Jorge/M-4373-2013; Mangles, Stuart/F-9070-2014; OI Silva, Luis/0000-0003-2906-924X; Vieira, Jorge/0000-0002-5515-3624; Mangles, Stuart/0000-0003-2443-4201; Fiuza, Frederico/0000-0002-8502-5535; Huang, Chengkun/0000-0002-3176-8042 FU FCT (Portugal) [SFRH/BD/22059/2005, PTDC/FIS/111720/2009, CERN/FP/116388/2010]; EC FP7 through LaserLab-Europe/Laptech; UC Lab [09-LR-05-118764-DOUW]; US DOE [DE-FC02-07ER41500, DE-FG02-92ER40727]; NSF [NSF PHY-0904039, PHY-0936266] FX The authors acknowledge fruitful discussions with Dr N Lopes. Work partially supported by FCT (Portugal) through grants SFRH/BD/22059/2005, PTDC/FIS/111720/2009 and CERN/FP/116388/2010, EC FP7 through LaserLab-Europe/Laptech; UC Lab Fees Research Award No 09-LR-05-118764-DOUW, the US DOE under DE-FC02-07ER41500 and DE-FG02-92ER40727, and the NSF under NSF PHY-0904039 and PHY-0936266. Simulations were carried out on the IST Cluster at IST, on the Jugene supercomputer under a ECFP7 and a DEISA Award, and on the Jaguar computer under an INCITE Award. NR 36 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 15 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0741-3335 J9 PLASMA PHYS CONTR F JI Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion PD MAY PY 2012 VL 54 IS 5 AR 055010 DI 10.1088/0741-3335/54/5/055010 PG 9 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 929LE UT WOS:000303063800010 ER PT J AU Barnese, K Gralla, EB Valentine, JS Cabelli, DE AF Barnese, Kevin Gralla, Edith Butler Valentine, Joan Selverstone Cabelli, Diane E. TI Biologically relevant mechanism for catalytic superoxide removal by simple manganese compounds SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE pulse radiolysis; oxidative stress ID PULSE-RADIOLYSIS; LACTOBACILLUS-PLANTARUM; STRESS RESISTANCE; HYDROGEN-PEROXIDE; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; AQUEOUS-SOLUTION; HO2/O2-RADICALS; DISMUTASE; COMPLEXES; KINETICS AB Nonenzymatic manganese was first shown to provide protection against superoxide toxicity in vivo in 1981, but the chemical mechanism responsible for this protection subsequently became controversial due to conflicting reports concerning the ability of Mn to catalyze superoxide disproportionation in vitro. In a recent communication, we reported that low concentrations of a simple Mn phosphate salt under physiologically relevant conditions will indeed catalyze superoxide disproportionation in vitro. We report now that two of the four Mn complexes that are expected to be most abundant in vivo, Mn phosphate and Mn carbonate, can catalyze superoxide disproportionation at physiologically relevant concentrations and pH, whereas Mn pyrophosphate and citrate complexes cannot. Additionally, the chemical mechanisms of these reactions have been studied in detail, and the rates of reactions of the catalytic removal of superoxide by Mn phosphate and carbonate have been modeled. Physiologically relevant concentrations of these compounds were found to be sufficient to mimic an effective concentration of enzymatic superoxide dismutase found in vivo. This mechanism provides a likely explanation as to how Mn combats superoxide stress in cellular systems. C1 [Barnese, Kevin; Gralla, Edith Butler; Valentine, Joan Selverstone] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Chem & Biochem, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Barnese, Kevin; Valentine, Joan Selverstone] Ewha Womans Univ, Dept Bioinspired Sci, Seoul 120750, South Korea. [Cabelli, Diane E.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11972 USA. RP Valentine, JS (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Chem & Biochem, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. EM jsv@chem.ucla.edu; cabelli@bnl.gov FU National Institutes of Health [DK46828]; Accelerator Center for Energy Research at Brookhaven National Laboratory [DE-AC02-98CH10886]; US Department of Energy; Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences, Office of Basic Energy Sciences FX We thank Prof. James J. Morgan of the California Institute of Technology for helpful discussions. This work was supported by National Institutes of Health Grant DK46828 (to J.S.V.). Radiolysis studies were carried out at the Accelerator Center for Energy Research at Brookhaven National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC02-98CH10886 with the US Department of Energy and supported by its Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences, Office of Basic Energy Sciences. NR 30 TC 42 Z9 42 U1 1 U2 44 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD MAY 1 PY 2012 VL 109 IS 18 BP 6892 EP 6897 DI 10.1073/pnas.1203051109 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 936PI UT WOS:000303602100033 PM 22505740 ER PT J AU Xu, M Cheng, YQ Wang, L Sheng, HW Meng, Y Yang, WG Han, XD Ma, E AF Xu, M. Cheng, Y. Q. Wang, L. Sheng, H. W. Meng, Y. Yang, W. G. Han, X. D. Ma, E. TI Pressure tunes electrical resistivity by four orders of magnitude in amorphous Ge2Sb2Te5 phase-change memory alloy SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE chalcogenide glass; electrical property; pressure effects; atomic-level structure ID AUGMENTED-WAVE METHOD; RESISTANCE MEASUREMENTS; DATA-STORAGE; TRANSITION; DESIGN; CRYSTALLIZATION; SEMICONDUCTORS; LOCALIZATION; CONDUCTION; DYNAMICS AB Ge-Sb-Te-based phase-change memory is one of the most promising candidates to succeed the current flash memories. The application of phase-change materials for data storage and memory devices takes advantage of the fast phase transition (on the order of nanoseconds) and the large property contrasts (e. g., several orders of magnitude difference in electrical resistivity) between the amorphous and the crystalline states. Despite the importance of Ge-Sb-Te alloys and the intense research they have received, the possible phases in the temperature-pressure diagram, as well as the corresponding structure-property correlations, remain to be systematically explored. In this study, by subjecting the amorphous Ge2Sb2Te5 (a-GST) to hydrostatic-like pressure (P), the thermodynamic variable alternative to temperature, we are able to tune its electrical resistivity by several orders of magnitude, similar to the resistivity contrast corresponding to the usually investigated amorphous-to-crystalline (a-GST to rock-salt GST) transition used in current phase-change memories. In particular, the electrical resistivity drops precipitously in the P = 0 to 8 GPa regime. A prominent structural signature representing the underlying evolution in atomic arrangements and bonding in this pressure regime, as revealed by the ab initio molecular dynamics simulations, is the reduction of low-electron-density regions, which contributes to the narrowing of band gap and delocalization of trapped electrons. At P > 8 GPa, we have observed major changes of the average local structures (bond angle and coordination numbers), gradually transforming the a-GST into a high-density, metallic-like state. This high-pressure glass is characterized by local motifs that bear similarities to the body-centered-cubic GST (bcc-GST) it eventually crystallizes into at 28 GPa, and hence represents a bcc-type polyamorph of a-GST. C1 [Xu, M.; Cheng, Y. Q.; Ma, E.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Cheng, Y. Q.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Chem & Engn Mat Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37381 USA. [Cheng, Y. Q.; Yang, W. G.] Carnegie Inst Washington, High Pressure Synerget Consortium, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Wang, L.] Jilin Univ, State Key Lab Superhard Mat, Changchun 130012, Peoples R China. [Sheng, H. W.] George Mason Univ, Sch Phys Astron & Computat Sci, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Meng, Y.] Carnegie Inst Washington, High Pressure Collaborat Access Team, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Han, X. D.] Beijing Univ Technol, Inst Microstruct & Property Adv Mat, Beijing 100022, Peoples R China. RP Ma, E (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. EM ema@jhu.edu RI Yang, Wenge/H-2740-2012; Cheng, Yongqiang/F-6567-2010; Sheng, Howard/B-2033-2013; WANG, LIN/G-7884-2012; Ma, En/A-3232-2010; Xu, Ming/E-2188-2015 OI Xu, Ming/0000-0002-2730-283X FU Materials Sciences and Engineering Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences (BES), Department of Energy (DOE) [DE-FG02-09ER46056]; Office of Naval Research [09PR08570-00/1054998]; EFree (an Energy Frontier Research Center); Chinese National Basic Research Program [2007CB935400]; DOE-BES; DOE National Nuclear Security Administration; National Science Foundation; W. M. Keck Foundation; [DOE-BES-DE-SC0001057] FX The authors are indebted to Prof. Ju Li for discussions about the mechanisms of electrical conduction in glasses. This work is supported by Materials Sciences and Engineering Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences (BES), Department of Energy (DOE, DE-FG02-09ER46056 for J.H.U.), by Scientific User Facilities Division, BES, DOE (for Y.Q.C. at Oak Ridge National Laboratory), by the Office of Naval Research (09PR08570-00/1054998 for H. W. S.), EFree (an Energy Frontier Research Center funded by the DOE-BES-DE-SC0001057 for L. W. and W.G.Y.), and the Chinese National Basic Research Program (2007CB935400 for X. D. H.). The XRD experiments were conducted at Sector 16IDB of the High-Pressure Collaborative Access Team (funded by DOE-BES, DOE National Nuclear Security Administration, National Science Foundation, and the W. M. Keck Foundation), Advanced Photon Source (DOE-BES, DE-AC02-06CH11357), Argonne National Laboratory. NR 54 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 5 U2 59 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD MAY 1 PY 2012 VL 109 IS 18 BP E1055 EP E1062 DI 10.1073/pnas.1119754109 PG 8 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 936PI UT WOS:000303602100006 PM 22509004 ER PT J AU Munoz, IC Cruz-Zaragoza, E Favalli, A Furetta, C AF Munoz, I. C. Cruz-Zaragoza, E. Favalli, A. Furetta, C. TI Thermoluminescence property of LiMgF3 erbium activated phosphor SO APPLIED RADIATION AND ISOTOPES LA English DT Article DE Perovskite; Thermoluminescence; Glow curves; Dose-response; Deconvolution ID IRRADIATED ALKALI HALIDES; PEROVSKITE-LIKE KMGF3; CRYSTALS; KINETICS; LUMINESCENCE; IMPURITIES; PEAKS AB The perovskite-like LiMgF3:ErF3 pellets were obtained from the melt formed by LiF and MgF2 mixed salts in the stoichiometric ratio. The perovskite material was doped with 1, 2 and 4 mol% of ErF3 impurity. The pellets samples were Co-60 gamma irradiated and their thermoluminescence (TL) properties were analyzed, i.e., dose-response, fading at RT and under UV irradiation, TL signal reproducibility, and kinetic parameters. The intensity of the TL response against irradiation dose was increased remarkably by the high concentration of impurity, and a linear dose-response was observed in the range of 1-10 Gy. The fading observed at RI was about 10-30% after 24 h from irradiation. All samples were exposed from 1 to 200 Gy gamma dose range. The TL glow peaks were found around 367-376, 438-447, 509-521, and 594-611 K, when the doped samples were 1, 2 and 4 mol% of the erbium impurity concentration. The thermoluminescence kinetics parameters of the glow curves have been analyzed using the Computerized Glow Curve Deconvolution (CGCD) method. (c) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Cruz-Zaragoza, E.] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Ciencias Nucl, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico. [Munoz, I. C.] Univ Sonora, Dept Ciencias Quim Biol, Hermosillo 83000, Sonora, Mexico. [Favalli, A.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Furetta, C.] Touro Univ Rome, Div Touro Coll New York, I-00153 Rome, Italy. RP Cruz-Zaragoza, E (reprint author), Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Ciencias Nucl, AP 70-543, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico. EM ecruz@nucleares.unam.mx FU Oficina de Colaboracion Interinstitucional de la Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico (UNAM); Universidad de Sonora; PAPIIT-DGAPA of UNAM [IN121109] FX We acknowledge support from Oficina de Colaboracion Interinstitucional de la Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico (UNAM) and Universidad de Sonora, and PAPIIT-DGAPA Grant no. IN121109 of UNAM. The authors are grateful to Francisco Garcia and Benjamin Leal (ICN-UNAM) for their assistance in irradiation of samples. NR 19 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 5 U2 13 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0969-8043 J9 APPL RADIAT ISOTOPES JI Appl. Radiat. Isot. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 70 IS 5 BP 893 EP 896 DI 10.1016/j.apradiso.2012.02.006 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 925MT UT WOS:000302766000013 PM 22381701 ER PT J AU Sivasubramanian, P Mohtadi, R Zidan, R Pariyadath, K Leverette, CL Fetterolf, ML AF Sivasubramanian, Premkumar Mohtadi, Rana Zidan, Ragaiy Pariyadath, Kutity Leverette, Chad L. Fetterolf, Monty L. TI Spectroscopic Evidence for Atmospheric Stabilization of Aluminum Borohydride in Polydimethylsiloxane Grease SO APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY LA English DT Article DE Raman spectroscopy; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; FT-IR spectroscopy; Aluminum borohydride; Polydimethylsiloxane grease; Reactive stabilization; Spectroscopic medium ID RAMAN-SPECTRA; AL(BH4)3 AB Raman and infrared vibrational spectroscopy were used to confirm the presence of aluminum borohydride dissolved in a commercial polydimethylsiloxane vacuum grease at room temperature. Spectroscopic evidence for an adduct between the aluminum borohydride and polydimethylsiloxane is also presented. Once dissolved in the polydimethylsiloxane grease, the aluminum borohydride was stabilized with respect to its usual pyrophoric reactivity in wet or dry air. C1 [Pariyadath, Kutity; Leverette, Chad L.; Fetterolf, Monty L.] Univ S Carolina, Dept Chem & Phys, Aiken, SC 29801 USA. [Sivasubramanian, Premkumar; Mohtadi, Rana] Toyota Res Inst N Amer, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Zidan, Ragaiy] Savannah River Natl Lab, Aiken, SC 29808 USA. RP Fetterolf, ML (reprint author), Univ S Carolina, Dept Chem & Phys, 471 Univ Pkwy, Aiken, SC 29801 USA. EM montyf@usca.edu FU Toyota Research Institute of North America; Savannah River National Laboratory; Savannah River Nuclear Solutions, LLC (SRNL), through the South Carolina Universities Research and Education Foundation [SC0232, SC0257]; National Science Foundation [CHE-1040041]; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC09-08SR22470] FX The authors thank Toyota Research Institute of North America and the Savannah River National Laboratory for support of this work. Savannah River Nuclear Solutions, LLC (SRNL), through the South Carolina Universities Research and Education Foundation, supported M.F. and K.P. (SCUREF RFP #SC0232) and C.L. (SCUREF RFP #SC0257). M.F. and C.L. are also supported by the National Science Foundation under CHE-1040041. We thank Dr. Ted Motyka of SRNL for his efforts on behalf of this project. The University of South Carolina and the University of South Carolina-Aiken provided support and facilities for this project and are gratefully acknowledged. This manuscript has been authored by Savannah River Nuclear Solutions LLC under Contract No. DE-AC09-08SR22470 issued by the U.S. Department of Energy. The United States Government retains and the SAS, by accepting the article for publication, acknowledges that the United States Government retains a non-exclusive, paid-up, irrevocable, world-wide license to publish or reproduce the published form of this manuscript, or allow others to do so, for United States Government purposes. NR 18 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 14 PU SOC APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY PI FREDERICK PA 5320 SPECTRUM DRIVE SUITE C, FREDERICK, MD 21703 USA SN 0003-7028 J9 APPL SPECTROSC JI Appl. Spectrosc. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 66 IS 5 BP 591 EP 594 DI 10.1366/11-06448 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Spectroscopy SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Spectroscopy GA 929PW UT WOS:000303078900013 PM 22524965 ER PT J AU Shagina, NB Tolstykh, EI Degteva, MO Anspaugh, LR Napier, BA AF Shagina, N. B. Tolstykh, E. I. Degteva, M. O. Anspaugh, L. R. Napier, B. A. TI Cortical bone resorption rate in elderly persons: Estimates from long-term in vivo measurements of Sr-90 in the skeleton SO ARCHIVES OF GERONTOLOGY AND GERIATRICS LA English DT Article DE Cortical resorption rate; Elderly persons; Menopause; Sr-90; Techa River ID TECHA RIVER DATA; MINERAL DENSITY; STRONTIUM METABOLISM; NORMAL CHINESE; AGE; RECONSTRUCTION; WOMEN; OSTEOPOROSIS; EXPOSURES; TURNOVER AB The rate of cortical bone resorption was assessed from long-term in vivo measurements of Sr-90 content in the skeleton for men aged 50-80 years and for women 0-30 years after menopause. Measurements of Sr-90 were conducted with a whole body counter (WBC) for residents of the Techa Riverside communities (Southern Urals, Russia), who ingested large amounts of Sr-90 as a result of releases of liquid radioactive wastes into the river from the Mayak plutonium facility in early 1950s. The results of this study showed an increase in the rate of cortical bone resorption in both men and women, as based on the use of accidentally ingested Sr-90 as a tracer for bone metabolism. In men there was a continuous gradual increase in the rate of cortical bone resorption after 55 years from 2.8 to 4.5%/year by the age of 75 years. In women, there was a doubled increase in the rate of cortical bone resorption after menopause of up to 6%/year; then the rate remained unchanged for 10-12 years with a subsequent gradual decline down to 5-5.5%/year. Comparison of the rate of cortical bone resorption in men and women older than 55 years showed that women expressed significantly higher levels of cortical bone resorption. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Shagina, N. B.; Tolstykh, E. I.; Degteva, M. O.] Urals Res Ctr Radiat Med, Chelyabinsk 454076, Russia. [Anspaugh, L. R.] Univ Utah, Dept Radiol, Div Radiobiol, Salt Lake City, UT 84132 USA. [Napier, B. A.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Shagina, NB (reprint author), Urals Res Ctr Radiat Med, 68 A Vorovsky Str, Chelyabinsk 454076, Russia. EM nata@urcrm.ru FU U.S. Department of Energy's Office of International Health Studies; Russian Foundation for Basic Research [04-04-96085] FX This work has been partially funded by the U.S. Department of Energy's Office of International Health Studies and the Russian Foundation for Basic Research Grant 04-04-96085. We thank the now deceased Dr. Olga V. Vyushkova (URCRM) for her analysis of morbidity in the studied population. NR 44 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 0167-4943 J9 ARCH GERONTOL GERIAT JI Arch. Gerontol. Geriatr. PD MAY-JUN PY 2012 VL 54 IS 3 BP E411 EP E418 DI 10.1016/j.archger.2011.06.039 PG 8 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA 928DB UT WOS:000302959400025 PM 21871673 ER PT J AU Foley, RJ Filippenko, AV Kessler, R Bassett, B Frieman, JA Garnavich, PM Jha, SW Konishi, K Lampeitl, H Riess, AG Sako, M Schneider, DP Sollerman, J Smith, M AF Foley, Ryan J. Filippenko, Alexei V. Kessler, Richard Bassett, Bruce Frieman, Joshua A. Garnavich, Peter M. Jha, Saurabh W. Konishi, Kohki Lampeitl, Hubert Riess, Adam G. Sako, Masao Schneider, Donald P. Sollerman, Jesper Smith, Mathew TI A MISMATCH IN THE ULTRAVIOLET SPECTRA BETWEEN LOW-REDSHIFT AND INTERMEDIATE-REDSHIFT TYPE Ia SUPERNOVAE AS A POSSIBLE SYSTEMATIC UNCERTAINTY FOR SUPERNOVA COSMOLOGY SO ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE cosmology: observations; distance scale; supernovae: general ID DIGITAL SKY SURVEY; HUBBLE-SPACE-TELESCOPE; BVRI LIGHT CURVES; PHOTOMETRY DATA RELEASE; DARK ENERGY; OPTICAL PHOTOMETRY; STANDARD STARS; HOST GALAXIES; LEGACY SURVEY; K-CORRECTIONS AB We present Keck high-quality rest-frame ultraviolet (UV) through optical spectra of 21 Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) in the redshift range 0.11 <= z <= 0.37 and a mean redshift of 0.22 that were discovered during the Sloan Digital Sky Survey-II (SDSS-II) SN Survey. Using the broadband photometry of the SDSS survey, we are able to reconstruct the SN host-galaxy spectral energy distributions (SEDs), allowing for a correction for the host-galaxy contamination in the SN Ia spectra. Comparison of composite spectra constructed from a subsample of 17 high-quality spectra to those created from a low-redshift sample with otherwise similar properties shows that the Keck/SDSS SNe Ia have, on average, extremely similar rest-frame optical spectra but show a UV flux excess. This observation is confirmed by comparing synthesized broadband colors of the individual spectra, showing a difference in mean colors at the 2.4 sigma-4.4 sigma level for various UV colors. We further see a slight difference in the UV spectral shape between SNe with low-mass and high-mass host galaxies. Additionally, we detect a relationship between the flux ratio at 2770 and 2900 angstrom and peak luminosity that differs from that observed at low redshift. We find that changing the UV SED of an SN Ia within the observed dispersion can change the inferred distance moduli by similar to 0.1 mag. This effect only occurs when the data probe the rest-frame UV. We suggest that this discrepancy could be due to differences in the host-galaxy population of the two SN samples or to small-sample statistics. C1 [Foley, Ryan J.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Foley, Ryan J.; Filippenko, Alexei V.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Astron, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Kessler, Richard; Frieman, Joshua A.] Univ Chicago, Kavli Inst Cosmol Phys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Kessler, Richard; Frieman, Joshua A.] Univ Chicago, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Bassett, Bruce; Smith, Mathew] Univ Cape Town, Dept Math & Appl Math, ZA-7701 Rondebosch, South Africa. [Bassett, Bruce] S African Astron Observ, ZA-7935 Observatory, South Africa. [Bassett, Bruce] African Inst Math Sci, Cape Town, South Africa. [Frieman, Joshua A.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Ctr Particle Astrophys, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. [Garnavich, Peter M.] Univ Notre Dame, Dept Phys, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. [Jha, Saurabh W.] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. [Konishi, Kohki] Univ Tokyo, Inst Cosm Ray Res, Kashiwa, Chiba 2778582, Japan. [Lampeitl, Hubert] Univ Portsmouth, Inst Cosmol & Gravitat, Portsmouth PO1 2EG, Hants, England. [Riess, Adam G.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Riess, Adam G.] Space Telescope Sci Inst, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Sako, Masao] Univ Penn, Dept Phys & Astron, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Schneider, Donald P.] Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Davey Lab 525, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Schneider, Donald P.] Penn State Univ, Inst Gravitat & Cosmos, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Sollerman, Jesper] Stockholm Univ, Dept Astron, Oskar Klein Ctr, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. RP Foley, RJ (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM rfoley@cfa.harvard.edu OI Bassett, Bruce/0000-0001-7700-1069; Sollerman, Jesper/0000-0003-1546-6615 FU Clay Fellowship; W. M. Keck Foundation; NSF [AST-0443378, AST-0507475, AST-0607485, AST-0908886, AST-0847157]; U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) [DE-FG02-08ER41562]; NASA/HST from the Space Telescope Science Institute [GO-10182]; NASA [NAS5-26555]; Alfred P. Sloan Foundation; DOE; Japanese Monbukagakusho; Max Planck Society; Higher Education Funding Council for England; American Museum of Natural History; Astrophysical Institute Potsdam; University of Basel; University of Cambridge; Case Western Reserve University; University of Chicago; Drexel University; Fermilab; Institute for Advanced Study; Japan Participation Group; Johns Hopkins University; Joint Institute for Nuclear Astrophysics; Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology; Korean Scientist Group; Chinese Academy of Sciences (LAMOST); Los Alamos National Laboratory; Max-Planck-Institute for Astronomy (MPIA); Max-Planck-Institute for Astrophysics (MPA); New Mexico State University; Ohio State University; University of Pittsburgh; University of Portsmouth; Princeton University; United States Naval Observatory; University of Washington FX R.J.F. is supported by a Clay Fellowship.; The SDSS-II SN team supplied targets, photometry, and light-curve fits for this project; in particular, G. Miknaitis provided some of the necessary data and discussions. We thank J. M. Silverman for help with some of the observations, and R. Chornock for useful discussions and for performing additional spectral reductions of several objects. We are grateful to M. Blanton for discussions about the kcorrect software and J. Bloom for insightful comments on an early draft of this work. We thank the referee, M. Stritzinger, for helpful comments. The spectra of intermediate-redshift SNe in this study were obtained at the W. M. Keck Observatory, which is operated as a scientific partnership among the California Institute of Technology, the University of California, and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA); the Observatory was made possible by the generous financial support of the W. M. Keck Foundation. The spectra of low-redshift SNe in this study were obtained with the 3 m Shane telescope at Lick Observatory, which is owned and operated by the University of California. We thank the Keck and Lick staffs for their assistance with the observations.; A.V.F. is grateful for the hospitality of the Aspen Center for Physics, where this paper was finalized during the 2012 January program on "The Physics of Astronomical Transients." This research was made possible by NSF Grants AST-0443378, AST-0507475, AST-0607485, and AST-0908886, as well as by NSF CAREER award AST-0847157 to S.W.J. at Rutgers University. Additional support was provided by U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Grant DE-FG02-08ER41562 and by the TABASGO Foundation. We also acknowledge funding from NASA/HST Grant GO-10182 from the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under NASA Contract NAS5-26555.; Funding for the SDSS and SDSS-II has been provided by the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, the Participating Institutions, NSF, DOE, NASA, the Japanese Monbukagakusho, the Max Planck Society, and the Higher Education Funding Council for England. The SDSS Web Site is http://www.sdss.org/.; The SDSS is managed by the Astrophysical Research Consortium for the Participating Institutions. The Participating Institutions are the American Museum of Natural History, Astrophysical Institute Potsdam, University of Basel, University of Cambridge, Case Western Reserve University, University of Chicago, Drexel University, Fermilab, the Institute for Advanced Study, the Japan Participation Group, Johns Hopkins University, the Joint Institute for Nuclear Astrophysics, the Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, the Korean Scientist Group, the Chinese Academy of Sciences (LAMOST), Los Alamos National Laboratory, the Max-Planck-Institute for Astronomy (MPIA), the Max-Planck-Institute for Astrophysics (MPA), New Mexico State University, Ohio State University, University of Pittsburgh, University of Portsmouth, Princeton University, the United States Naval Observatory, and the University of Washington. NR 92 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 5 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-6256 J9 ASTRON J JI Astron. J. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 143 IS 5 AR 113 DI 10.1088/0004-6256/143/5/113 PG 25 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 928BI UT WOS:000302954200010 ER PT J AU Inada, N Oguri, M Shin, MS Kayo, I Strauss, MA Morokuma, T Rusu, CE Fukugita, M Kochanek, CS Richards, GT Schneider, DP York, DG Bahcall, NA Frieman, JA Hall, PB White, RL AF Inada, Naohisa Oguri, Masamune Shin, Min-Su Kayo, Issha Strauss, Michael A. Morokuma, Tomoki Rusu, Cristian E. Fukugita, Masataka Kochanek, Christopher S. Richards, Gordon T. Schneider, Donald P. York, Donald G. Bahcall, Neta A. Frieman, Joshua A. Hall, Patrick B. White, Richard L. TI THE SLOAN DIGITAL SKY SURVEY QUASAR LENS SEARCH. V. FINAL CATALOG FROM THE SEVENTH DATA RELEASE SO ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE cosmology: observations; gravitational lensing: strong; quasars: general ID EARLY-TYPE GALAXIES; SPECTROSCOPICALLY SELECTED SAMPLE; TIME-DELAY LENSES; 5TH DATA RELEASE; 3RD DATA RELEASE; GRAVITATIONAL LENS; HUBBLE CONSTANT; ACS SURVEY; SDSS-III; COSMOLOGICAL CONSTANT AB We present the final statistical sample of lensed quasars from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) Quasar Lens Search (SQLS). The well-defined statistical lens sample consists of 26 lensed quasars brighter than i = 19.1 and in the redshift range of 0.6 < z < 2.2 selected from 50,826 spectroscopically confirmed quasars in the SDSS Data Release 7 (DR7), where we restrict the image separation range to 1 '' < theta < 20 '' and the i-band magnitude differences in two images to be smaller than 1.25 mag. The SDSS DR7 quasar catalog also contains 36 additional lenses identified with various techniques. In addition to these lensed quasars, we have identified 81 pairs of quasars from follow-up spectroscopy, 26 of which are physically associated binary quasars. The statistical lens sample covers a wide range of image separations, redshifts, and magnitudes, and therefore is suitable for systematic studies of cosmological parameters and surveys of the structure and evolution of galaxies and quasars. C1 [Inada, Naohisa] Nara Natl Coll Technol, Dept Phys, Nara 6391080, Japan. [Inada, Naohisa] Univ Tokyo, Sch Sci, Res Ctr Early Universe, Bunkyo Ku, Tokyo 1130033, Japan. [Oguri, Masamune; Kayo, Issha; Fukugita, Masataka] Univ Tokyo, Inst Phys & Math Universe, Kashiwa, Chiba 2778568, Japan. [Oguri, Masamune] Natl Astron Observ, Div Theoret Astron, Mitaka, Tokyo 1818588, Japan. [Shin, Min-Su] Univ Michigan, Dept Astron, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Shin, Min-Su; Strauss, Michael A.] Princeton Univ Observ, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Kayo, Issha] Toho Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2748510, Japan. [Morokuma, Tomoki] Univ Tokyo, Inst Astron, Sch Sci, Mitaka, Tokyo 1810015, Japan. [Rusu, Cristian E.] Natl Inst Nat Sci, Natl Astron Observ Japan, Div Opt & Infrared Astron, Mitaka, Tokyo 1818588, Japan. [Rusu, Cristian E.] Univ Tokyo, Grad Sch Sci, Dept Astron, Bunkyo Ku, Tokyo 1130033, Japan. [Fukugita, Masataka] Univ Tokyo, Inst Cosm Ray Res, Kashiwa, Chiba 2778582, Japan. [Kochanek, Christopher S.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Astron, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Richards, Gordon T.] Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Schneider, Donald P.] Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Schneider, Donald P.] Penn State Univ, Inst Gravitat & Cosmos, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [York, Donald G.; Frieman, Joshua A.] Univ Chicago, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [York, Donald G.] Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Frieman, Joshua A.] Univ Chicago, Kavli Inst Cosmol Phys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Frieman, Joshua A.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Ctr Particle Astrophys, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. [Hall, Patrick B.] York Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada. [White, Richard L.] Space Telescope Sci Inst, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. RP Inada, N (reprint author), Nara Natl Coll Technol, Dept Phys, Nara 6391080, Japan. RI Oguri, Masamune/C-6230-2011; Kayo, Issha/A-4389-2011 FU FIRST; World Premier International Research Center Initiative (WPI Initiative); MEXT, Japan; JSPS [23740161]; MEXT [KAKENHI 21740151]; NSF [AST-0707266, AST-1009756]; Eberly College of Science; Office of the Senior Vice President for Research at the Pennsylvania State University; Alfred P. Sloan Foundation; National Science Foundation; U.S. Department of Energy; National Aeronautics and Space Administration; Japanese Monbukagakusho; Max Planck Society; Higher Education Funding Council for England; American Museum of Natural History; Astrophysical Institute Potsdam; University of Basel; Cambridge University; Case Western Reserve University; University of Chicago; Drexel University; Fermilab; Institute for Advanced Study; Japan Participation Group; Johns Hopkins University; Joint Institute for Nuclear Astrophysics; Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology; Korean Scientist Group; Chinese Academy of Sciences (LAMOST); Los Alamos National Laboratory; Max-Planck-Institute for Astronomy (MPIA); Max-Planck-Institute for Astrophysics (MPA); New Mexico State University; Ohio State University; University of Pittsburgh; University of Portsmouth; Princeton University; United States Naval Observatory; University of Washington FX This work was supported in part by the FIRST program "Subaru Measurements of Images and Redshifts (SuMIRe)," World Premier International Research Center Initiative (WPI Initiative), MEXT, Japan, and Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research from the JSPS (23740161). This work is supported in part by JSPS Core-to-Core Program " International Research Network for Dark Energy." N.I. acknowledges support from MEXT KAKENHI 21740151. M. A. S. acknowledges the support of NSF grant AST-0707266. C. E. R. acknowledges the support of the JSPS Research Fellowship. C. S. K. is supported by NSF grant AST-1009756. The Institute for Gravitation and the Cosmos is supported by the Eberly College of Science and the Office of the Senior Vice President for Research at the Pennsylvania State University.; Funding for the SDSS and SDSS-II has been provided by the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, the Participating Institutions, the National Science Foundation, the U.S. Department of Energy, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, the Japanese Monbukagakusho, the Max Planck Society, and the Higher Education Funding Council for England. The SDSS Web site is http://www.sdss.org/.; The SDSS is managed by the Astrophysical Research Consortium for the Participating Institutions. The Participating Institutions are the American Museum of Natural History, Astrophysical Institute Potsdam, University of Basel, Cambridge University, Case Western Reserve University, University of Chicago, Drexel University, Fermilab, the Institute for Advanced Study, the Japan Participation Group, Johns Hopkins University, the Joint Institute for Nuclear Astrophysics, the Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, the Korean Scientist Group, the Chinese Academy of Sciences (LAMOST), Los Alamos National Laboratory, the Max-Planck-Institute for Astronomy (MPIA), the Max-Planck-Institute for Astrophysics (MPA), New Mexico State University, Ohio State University, University of Pittsburgh, University of Portsmouth, Princeton University, the United States Naval Observatory, and the University of Washington. NR 139 TC 39 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 8 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-6256 J9 ASTRON J JI Astron. J. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 143 IS 5 AR 119 DI 10.1088/0004-6256/143/5/119 PG 15 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 928BI UT WOS:000302954200016 ER PT J AU Oguri, M Inada, N Strauss, MA Kochanek, CS Kayo, I Shin, MS Morokuma, T Richards, GT Rusu, CE Frieman, JA Fukugita, M Schneider, DP York, DG Bahcall, NA White, RL AF Oguri, Masamune Inada, Naohisa Strauss, Michael A. Kochanek, Christopher S. Kayo, Issha Shin, Min-Su Morokuma, Tomoki Richards, Gordon T. Rusu, Cristian E. Frieman, Joshua A. Fukugita, Masataka Schneider, Donald P. York, Donald G. Bahcall, Neta A. White, Richard L. TI THE SLOAN DIGITAL SKY SURVEY QUASAR LENS SEARCH. VI. CONSTRAINTS ON DARK ENERGY AND THE EVOLUTION OF MASSIVE GALAXIES SO ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE cosmological parameters; cosmology: theory; galaxies: evolution; galaxies: structure; gravitational lensing: strong ID VELOCITY DISPERSION FUNCTION; BARYON ACOUSTIC-OSCILLATIONS; 7TH DATA RELEASE; 5TH DATA RELEASE; 3RD DATA RELEASE; GRAVITATIONAL LENS; COSMOLOGICAL CONSTANT; LUMINOSITY FUNCTION; SDSS J1004+4112; REDSHIFT DISTRIBUTION AB We present a statistical analysis of the final lens sample from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Quasar Lens Search (SQLS). The number distribution of a complete subsample of 19 lensed quasars selected from 50,836 source quasars is compared with theoretical expectations, with particular attention given to the selection function. Assuming that the velocity function of galaxies does not evolve with redshift, the SQLS sample constrains the cosmological constant to Omega(Lambda) = 0.79(-0.07)(+0.06)(stat.)(-0.06)(+0.06)(syst.) for a flat universe. The dark energy equation of state is found to be consistent with w = -1 when the SQLS is combined with constraints from baryon acoustic oscillation (BAO) measurements or results from the Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP). We also obtain simultaneous constraints on cosmological parameters and redshift evolution of the galaxy velocity function, finding no evidence for redshift evolution at z less than or similar to 1 in any combinations of constraints. For instance, number density evolution quantified as nu(n) d ln phi(*)/d ln(1 + z) and the velocity dispersion evolution nu(sigma) d ln sigma(*)/d ln(1 + z) are constrained to nu(n) = 1.06(-1.39)(+1.36)(stat.)(-0.64)(+0.33)(syst.) and nu(s) = -0.05(-0.16)(+0.19)(stat.)(-0.03)(+0.03)(syst.), respectively, when the SQLS result is combined with BAO and WMAP for flat models with a cosmological constant. We find that a significant amount of dark energy is preferred even after fully marginalizing over the galaxy evolution parameters. Thus, the statistics of lensed quasars robustly confirm the accelerated cosmic expansion. C1 [Oguri, Masamune; Kayo, Issha; Fukugita, Masataka] Univ Tokyo, Inst Phys & Math Universe, Kashiwa, Chiba 2778583, Japan. [Oguri, Masamune] Natl Inst Nat Sci, Natl Astron Observ Japan, Div Theoret Astron, Mitaka, Tokyo 1818588, Japan. [Inada, Naohisa] Nara Natl Coll Technol, Dept Phys, Nara 6391080, Japan. [Inada, Naohisa] Univ Tokyo, Sch Sci, Res Ctr Early Universe, Bunkyo Ku, Tokyo 1130033, Japan. [Strauss, Michael A.; Shin, Min-Su; Bahcall, Neta A.] Princeton Univ Observ, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Kochanek, Christopher S.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Astron, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Kayo, Issha] Toho Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2748510, Japan. [Shin, Min-Su] Univ Michigan, Dept Astron, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Morokuma, Tomoki] Univ Tokyo, Inst Astron, Sch Sci, Mitaka, Tokyo 1810015, Japan. [Richards, Gordon T.] Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Rusu, Cristian E.] Natl Inst Nat Sci, Natl Astron Observ Japan, Div Opt & Infrared Astron, Mitaka, Tokyo 1818588, Japan. [Rusu, Cristian E.] Univ Tokyo, Grad Sch Sci, Dept Astron, Bunkyo Ku, Tokyo 1130033, Japan. [Frieman, Joshua A.] Univ Chicago, Kavli Inst Cosmol Phys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Frieman, Joshua A.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Ctr Particle Astrophys, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. [Frieman, Joshua A.; York, Donald G.] Univ Chicago, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Fukugita, Masataka] Univ Tokyo, Inst Cosm Ray Res, Kashiwa, Chiba 2778582, Japan. [Schneider, Donald P.] Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Schneider, Donald P.] Penn State Univ, Inst Gravitat & Cosmos, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [York, Donald G.] Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [White, Richard L.] Space Telescope Sci Inst, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. RP Oguri, M (reprint author), Univ Tokyo, Inst Phys & Math Universe, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 2778583, Japan. RI Oguri, Masamune/C-6230-2011; Kayo, Issha/A-4389-2011 FU FIRST; World Premier International Research Center Initiative (WPI Initiative); MEXT, Japan; JSPS [23740161]; MEXT [KAKENHI 21740151]; NSF [AST-0707266, AST-1009756]; Eberly College of Science; Office of the Senior Vice President for Research at the Pennsylvania State University; Alfred P. Sloan Foundation; National Science Foundation; U.S. Department of Energy; National Aeronautics and Space Administration; Japanese Monbukagakusho; Max Planck Society; Higher Education Funding Council for England; American Museum of Natural History; Astrophysical Institute Potsdam; University of Basel; Cambridge University; Case Western Reserve University; University of Chicago; Drexel University; Fermilab; Institute for Advanced Study; Japan Participation Group; Johns Hopkins University; Joint Institute for Nuclear Astrophysics; Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology; Korean Scientist Group; Chinese Academy of Sciences (LAMOST); Los Alamos National Laboratory; Max-Planck-Institute for Astronomy (MPIA); Max-Planck-Institute for Astrophysics (MPA); New Mexico State University; Ohio State University; University of Pittsburgh; University of Portsmouth; Princeton University; United States Naval Observatory; University of Washington FX This work was supported in part by the FIRST program "Subaru Measurements of Images and Redshifts (SuMIRe)," World Premier International Research Center Initiative (WPI Initiative), MEXT, Japan, and Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research from the JSPS (23740161). This work is supported in part by JSPS Core-to-Core Program " International Research Network for Dark Energy." N.I. acknowledges support from MEXT KAKENHI 21740151. M. A. S. acknowledges the support of NSF grant AST-0707266. C. S. K. is supported by NSF grant AST-1009756. C. E. R. acknowledges the support of the JSPS Research Fellowship. The Institute for Gravitation and the Cosmos is supported by the Eberly College of Science and the Office of the Senior Vice President for Research at the Pennsylvania State University.; Funding for the SDSS and SDSS-II has been provided by the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, the Participating Institutions, the National Science Foundation, the U.S. Department of Energy, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, the Japanese Monbukagakusho, the Max Planck Society, and the Higher Education Funding Council for England. The SDSS Web site is http://www.sdss.org/.; The SDSS is managed by the Astrophysical Research Consortium for the Participating Institutions. The Participating Institutions are the American Museum of Natural History, Astrophysical Institute Potsdam, University of Basel, Cambridge University, Case Western Reserve University, University of Chicago, Drexel University, Fermilab, the Institute for Advanced Study, the Japan Participation Group, Johns Hopkins University, the Joint Institute for Nuclear Astrophysics, the Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, the Korean Scientist Group, the Chinese Academy of Sciences (LAMOST), Los Alamos National Laboratory, the Max-Planck-Institute for Astronomy (MPIA), the Max-Planck-Institute for Astrophysics (MPA), New Mexico State University, Ohio State University, University of Pittsburgh, University of Portsmouth, Princeton University, the United States Naval Observatory, and the University of Washington. NR 120 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 1 U2 7 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-6256 J9 ASTRON J JI Astron. J. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 143 IS 5 AR 120 DI 10.1088/0004-6256/143/5/120 PG 14 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 928BI UT WOS:000302954200017 ER PT J AU Ropke, FK Kromer, M Seitenzahl, IR Pakmor, R Sim, SA Taubenberger, S Ciaraldi-Schoolmann, F Hillebrandt, W Aldering, G Antilogus, P Baltay, C Benitez-Herrera, S Bongard, S Buton, C Canto, A Cellier-Holzem, F Childress, M Chotard, N Copin, Y Fakhouri, HK Fink, M Fouchez, D Gangler, E Guy, J Hachinger, S Hsiao, EY Chen, J Kerschhaggl, M Kowalski, M Nugent, P Paech, K Pain, R Pecontal, E Pereira, R Perlmutter, S Rabinowitz, D Rigault, M Runge, K Saunders, C Smadja, G Suzuki, N Tao, C Thomas, RC Tilquin, A Wu, C AF Roepke, F. K. Kromer, M. Seitenzahl, I. R. Pakmor, R. Sim, S. A. Taubenberger, S. Ciaraldi-Schoolmann, F. Hillebrandt, W. Aldering, G. Antilogus, P. Baltay, C. Benitez-Herrera, S. Bongard, S. Buton, C. Canto, A. Cellier-Holzem, F. Childress, M. Chotard, N. Copin, Y. Fakhouri, H. K. Fink, M. Fouchez, D. Gangler, E. Guy, J. Hachinger, S. Hsiao, E. Y. Chen, J. Kerschhaggl, M. Kowalski, M. Nugent, P. Paech, K. Pain, R. Pecontal, E. Pereira, R. Perlmutter, S. Rabinowitz, D. Rigault, M. Runge, K. Saunders, C. Smadja, G. Suzuki, N. Tao, C. Thomas, R. C. Tilquin, A. Wu, C. TI CONSTRAINING TYPE Ia SUPERNOVA MODELS: SN 2011fe AS A TEST CASE SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS LA English DT Article DE hydrodynamics; nuclear reactions, nucleosynthesis abundances; supernovae: general; supernovae: individual (SN 2011fe) ID DELAYED-DETONATION; LIGHT CURVES; ABUNDANCE STRATIFICATION; EXPLOSION MODELS; STAR; SPECTRA; TIME; NUCLEOSYNTHESIS; PROGENITOR; SIMULATIONS AB The nearby supernova SN 2011fe can be observed in unprecedented detail. Therefore, it is an important test case for Type Ia supernova (SN Ia) models, which may bring us closer to understanding the physical nature of these objects. Here, we explore how available and expected future observations of SN 2011fe can be used to constrain SN Ia explosion scenarios. We base our discussion on three-dimensional simulations of a delayed detonation in a Chandrasekhar-mass white dwarf and of a violent merger of two white dwarfs (WDs)-realizations of explosion models appropriate for two of the most widely discussed progenitor channels that may give rise to SNe Ia. Although both models have their shortcomings in reproducing details of the early and near-maximum spectra of SN 2011fe obtained by the Nearby Supernova Factory (SNfactory), the overall match with the observations is reasonable. The level of agreement is slightly better for the merger, in particular around maximum, but a clear preference for one model over the other is still not justified. Observations at late epochs, however, hold promise for discriminating the explosion scenarios in a straightforward way, as a nucleosynthesis effect leads to differences in the Co-55 production. SN 2011fe is close enough to be followed sufficiently long to study this effect. C1 [Roepke, F. K.; Seitenzahl, I. R.; Fink, M.] Univ Wurzburg, Inst Theoret Phys & Astrophys, D-97074 Wurzburg, Germany. [Roepke, F. K.; Kromer, M.; Seitenzahl, I. R.; Taubenberger, S.; Ciaraldi-Schoolmann, F.; Hillebrandt, W.; Benitez-Herrera, S.; Fink, M.; Hachinger, S.] Max Planck Inst Astrophys, D-85741 Garching, Germany. [Pakmor, R.] Heidelberger Inst Theoret Studien, D-69118 Heidelberg, Germany. [Sim, S. A.] Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Astron & Astrophys, Mt Stromlo Observ, Weston, ACT 2611, Australia. [Aldering, G.; Childress, M.; Fakhouri, H. K.; Hsiao, E. Y.; Perlmutter, S.; Runge, K.; Saunders, C.; Suzuki, N.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Antilogus, P.; Bongard, S.; Canto, A.; Cellier-Holzem, F.; Guy, J.; Pain, R.; Wu, C.] Univ Paris 07, Univ Paris 06, Lab Phys Nucl & Hautes Energies, CNRS,IN2P3, F-75252 Paris 05, France. [Baltay, C.; Rabinowitz, D.] Yale Univ, Dept Phys, New Haven, CT 06250 USA. [Buton, C.; Kerschhaggl, M.; Kowalski, M.; Paech, K.] Univ Bonn, Phys Inst, D-53115 Bonn, Germany. [Childress, M.; Fakhouri, H. K.; Perlmutter, S.; Saunders, C.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Chotard, N.; Copin, Y.; Gangler, E.; Pereira, R.; Rigault, M.; Smadja, G.] Univ Lyon 1, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France. [Chotard, N.; Copin, Y.; Gangler, E.; Pereira, R.; Rigault, M.; Smadja, G.] Univ Lyon, F-69622 Lyon, France. [Chotard, N.; Copin, Y.; Gangler, E.; Pereira, R.; Rigault, M.; Smadja, G.] Inst Phys Nucl, CNRS, IN2P3, Lyon, France. [Fouchez, D.; Tao, C.; Tilquin, A.] Ctr Phys Particules Marseille, F-13288 Marseille 09, France. [Chen, J.; Tao, C.] Tsinghua Univ, Tsinghua Ctr Astrophys, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. [Nugent, P.; Thomas, R. C.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Computat Res Div, Computat Cosmol Ctr, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Pecontal, E.] Univ Lyon 1, Ctr Rech Astron Lyon, F-69561 St Genis Laval, France. [Wu, C.] Chinese Acad Sci, Natl Astron Observ, Beijing 100012, Peoples R China. RP Ropke, FK (reprint author), Univ Wurzburg, Inst Theoret Phys & Astrophys, D-97074 Wurzburg, Germany. RI Kowalski, Marek/G-5546-2012; Copin, Yannick/B-4928-2015; Perlmutter, Saul/I-3505-2015; OI Copin, Yannick/0000-0002-5317-7518; Perlmutter, Saul/0000-0002-4436-4661; Ropke, Friedrich/0000-0002-4460-0097 FU Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft via the Transregional Collaborative Research Center [TRR 33]; Emmy Noether Program [RO 3676/1-1]; Excellence Cluster EXC [153]; DOE [DE-AC02-05CH1123, DE-AC02-05CH11231]; Gordon & Betty Moore Foundation; CNRS/IN2P3; CNRS/INSU; PNC in France; Max Planck Society; Tsinghua University Center for Astrophysics; JSC [PRACE042, HMU014] FX This work was supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft via the Transregional Collaborative Research Center TRR 33, the Emmy Noether Program (RO 3676/1-1) and the Excellence Cluster EXC 153, DOE Contracts DE-AC02-05CH1123 and DE-AC02-05CH11231, the Gordon & Betty Moore Foundation, CNRS/IN2P3, CNRS/INSU, and PNC in France, the Max Planck Society, and the Tsinghua University Center for Astrophysics. The simulations were performed at JSC (grants PRACE042 and HMU014) and NCI at the ANU. We are grateful to C. Aspin, E. Gaidos, A. Mann, M. Micheli, T. Riesen, S. Sonnett, and D. Tholen, who granted us interrupt time to observe SN 2011fe. NR 44 TC 87 Z9 87 U1 1 U2 6 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 2041-8205 J9 ASTROPHYS J LETT JI Astrophys. J. Lett. PD MAY 1 PY 2012 VL 750 IS 1 AR L19 DI 10.1088/2041-8205/750/1/L19 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 929CV UT WOS:000303039700019 ER PT J AU Grzenia, DL Schell, DJ Wickramasinghe, SR AF Grzenia, David L. Schell, Daniel J. Wickramasinghe, S. Ranil TI Membrane extraction for detoxification of biomass hydrolysates SO BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Bioethanol; Biofuel; Corn stover; Hydrolysate conditioning; Lignocellulosic biomass ID CORN STOVER HYDROLYSATE; CARBOXYLIC-ACIDS; AMINE EXTRACTANTS; LIGNOCELLULOSIC BIOMASS; SOLVENT-EXTRACTION; AMMONIUM HYDROXIDE; ACETIC-ACID; ETHANOL; FERMENTATION; PRETREATMENT AB Membrane extraction was used for the removal of sulfuric acid, acetic acid, 5-hydroxymethyl furfural and furfural from corn stover hydrolyzed with dilute sulfuric acid. Microporous polypropylene hollow fiber membranes were used. The organic extractant consisted of 15% Alamine 336 in: octanol, a 50:50 mixture of oleyl alcohol:octanol or oleyl alcohol. Rapid removal of sulfuric acid, 5-hydroxymethyl and furfural was observed. The rate of acetic acid removal decreased as the pH of the hydrolysate increased. Regeneration of the organic extractant was achieved by back extraction into an aqueous phase containing NaOH and ethanol. A cleaning protocol consisting of flushing the hydrolysate compartment with NaOH and the organic phase compartment with pure organic phase enabled regeneration and reuse of the module. Ethanol yields from hydrolysates detoxified by membrane extraction using 15% Alamine 336 in oleyl alcohol were about 10% higher than those from hydrolysates detoxified using ammonium hydroxide treatment. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Grzenia, David L.; Wickramasinghe, S. Ranil] Univ Arkansas, Ralph E Martin Dept Chem Engn, Fayetteville, AR 72703 USA. [Grzenia, David L.; Wickramasinghe, S. Ranil] Colorado State Univ, Dept Chem & Biol Engn, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Schell, Daniel J.] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Natl Bioenergy Ctr, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Wickramasinghe, SR (reprint author), Univ Arkansas, Ralph E Martin Dept Chem Engn, Fayetteville, AR 72703 USA. EM ranil.wickramasinghe@uark.edu FU U.S. Department of Energy's Office of the Biomass Program; National Renewable Energy laboratory [ZFT-9-99323-01] FX Funding for this work was provided by the U.S. Department of Energy's Office of the Biomass Program and funding for Colorado State University was provided through a subcontract with the National Renewable Energy laboratory (ZFT-9-99323-01). We wish to thank All Mohagheghi and Gary McMillen for their introduction to detoxification and fermentation methods. NR 35 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 3 U2 25 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0960-8524 J9 BIORESOURCE TECHNOL JI Bioresour. Technol. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 111 BP 248 EP 254 DI 10.1016/j.biortech.2012.01.169 PG 7 WC Agricultural Engineering; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels SC Agriculture; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels GA 928JN UT WOS:000302979100035 PM 22361069 ER PT J AU Dunbar, J Eichorst, SA Gallegos-Graves, L Silva, S Xie, G Hengartner, NW Evans, RD Hungate, BA Jackson, RB Megonigal, JP Schadt, CW Vilgalys, R Zak, DR Kuske, CR AF Dunbar, John Eichorst, Stephanie A. Gallegos-Graves, La Verne Silva, Shannon Xie, Gary Hengartner, N. W. Evans, R. David Hungate, Bruce A. Jackson, Robert B. Megonigal, J. Patrick Schadt, Christopher W. Vilgalys, Rytas Zak, Donald R. Kuske, Cheryl R. TI Common bacterial responses in six ecosystems exposed to 10 years of elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide SO ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID MICROBIAL COMMUNITY STRUCTURE; NET NITROGEN MINERALIZATION; SPECIES-SPECIFIC RESPONSES; CO2 ENRICHMENT FACE; SOIL ORGANIC-MATTER; LITTER QUALITY; LEAF-LITTER; PHYLUM ACIDOBACTERIA; POPLAR PLANTATION; DECIDUOUS FOREST AB Six terrestrial ecosystems in the USA were exposed to elevated atmospheric CO2 in single or multifactorial experiments for more than a decade to assess potential impacts. We retrospectively assessed soil bacterial community responses in all six-field experiments and found ecosystem-specific and common patterns of soil bacterial community response to elevated CO2. Soil bacterial composition differed greatly across the six ecosystems. No common effect of elevated atmospheric CO2 on bacterial biomass, richness and community composition across all of the ecosystems was identified, although significant responses were detected in individual ecosystems. The most striking common trend across the sites was a decrease of up to 3.5-fold in the relative abundance of Acidobacteria Group 1 bacteria in soils exposed to elevated CO2 or other climate factors. The Acidobacteria Group 1 response observed in exploratory 16S rRNA gene clone library surveys was validated in one ecosystem by 100-fold deeper sequencing and semi-quantitative PCR assays. Collectively, the 16S rRNA gene sequencing approach revealed influences of elevated CO2 on multiple ecosystems. Although few common trends across the ecosystems were detected in the small surveys, the trends may be harbingers of more substantive changes in less abundant, more sensitive taxa that can only be detected by deeper surveys. C1 [Dunbar, John; Eichorst, Stephanie A.; Gallegos-Graves, La Verne; Silva, Shannon; Xie, Gary; Kuske, Cheryl R.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Hengartner, N. W.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Comp Computat & Stat Sci Div, Los Alamos, NM USA. [Evans, R. David] Washington State Univ, Sch Biol Sci, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Hungate, Bruce A.] No Arizona Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA. [Hungate, Bruce A.] No Arizona Univ, Merriam Powell Ctr Environm Res, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA. [Jackson, Robert B.] Duke Univ, Dept Biol, Durham, NC 27708 USA. [Jackson, Robert B.; Vilgalys, Rytas] Duke Univ, Nicholas Sch Environm, Durham, NC 27708 USA. [Megonigal, J. Patrick] Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Schadt, Christopher W.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Zak, Donald R.] Univ Michigan, Sch Nat Resources & Environm, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Zak, Donald R.] Univ Michigan, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. RP Kuske, CR (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM kuske@lanl.gov RI Hungate, Bruce/F-8991-2011; Schadt, Christopher/B-7143-2008; Eichorst, Stephanie A/A-1079-2017; OI Hungate, Bruce/0000-0002-7337-1887; Schadt, Christopher/0000-0001-8759-2448; Eichorst, Stephanie A/0000-0002-9017-7461; xie, gary/0000-0002-9176-924X; Vilgalys, Rytas/0000-0001-8299-3605 FU U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Science, Biological and Environmental Research [2009LANLF260] FX This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Science, Biological and Environmental Research Program, through a Science Focus Area grant to C. R. K. and J. M. D. (2009LANLF260). Sanger and 454 titanium pyrosequencing were conducted by the U. S. DOE Joint Genome Institute. The six elevated CO2 research sites in this study were supported by the U. S. DOE Office of Science, Biological and Environmental Research Program. The authors thank Yvonne Rogers and Shannon Johnson for their technical assistance, Lawrence Ticknor for statistics consultation, and many people at the six field sites for site access and technical support. NR 85 TC 34 Z9 35 U1 2 U2 69 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1462-2912 J9 ENVIRON MICROBIOL JI Environ. Microbiol. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 14 IS 5 BP 1145 EP 1158 DI 10.1111/j.1462-2920.2011.02695.x PG 14 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 927TW UT WOS:000302934000004 PM 22264231 ER PT J AU Metts, BS Buhlmann, KA Scott, DE Tuberville, TD Hopkins, WA AF Metts, Brian S. Buhlmann, Kurt A. Scott, David E. Tuberville, Tracey D. Hopkins, William A. TI Interactive effects of maternal and environmental exposure to coal combustion wastes decrease survival of larval southern toads (Bufo terrestris) SO ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION LA English DT Article DE Amphibian; Coal combustion wastes; Contaminants; Trace elements; Selenium ID BULLFROGS RANA-CATESBEIANA; BROOK EXPERIMENTAL FOREST; POLYCHLORINATED-BIPHENYLS; SALAMANDER POPULATIONS; WOODHOUSEI-FOWLERI; AMPHIBIAN DECLINES; MERCURY EXPOSURE; UNITED-STATES; NEW-HAMPSHIRE; ENERGY-FLOW AB We conducted a mesocosm study to assess the individual and interactive effects of previous maternal exposure and larval exposure to trace element-laden sediments on southern toads (Bufo terrestris). Previous maternal exposure to coal combustion wastes (CON) reduced larval survival to metamorphosis up to 57% compared to larvae of unexposed females. Larvae reared on CCW accumulated significant concentrations of trace elements resulting in extended larval periods, reduced growth rates, and reduced mass at metamorphosis. However, the effects were dependent on age of sediments, suggesting the effects of contaminants from CCW may be partially ameliorated over time through the reduced bioavailability of trace elements in aged CCW. Most importantly, maternal exposure to contaminants coupled with larval exposure to fresh CCW interacted to reduce survival to metamorphosis by 85% compared to reference conditions. Our study yields further evidence that disposal of CCW in aquatic basins potentially creates ecological traps for some amphibian populations. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Metts, Brian S.; Buhlmann, Kurt A.; Scott, David E.; Tuberville, Tracey D.] Savannah River Ecol Lab, Aiken, SC 29802 USA. [Hopkins, William A.] Virginia Tech, Dept Fish & Wildlife Conservat, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. RP Metts, BS (reprint author), Savannah River Ecol Lab, Aiken, SC 29802 USA. EM metts@srel.edu FU Savannah River Nuclear Solutions; Department of Energy [DE-FC09-07SR22506] FX We thank H. Brant, B. Crawford, B. DeGregorio, M. Erickson, A. Grosse, B. Harris, M. Martin, and T. Murphy for field and laboratory assistance. We thank M. Boone, B. DeGregorio, A. Grosse, C. Rowe, J.D. Willson and an anonymous reviewer for comments on this manuscript. Collection of animals was in conformance with appropriate permits (SC DNR Scientific Collecting Permit # G-09-03), and sample methods were in compliance with University of Georgia's animal care and use protocols (AUP # A2010 02-029-Y1-A0). Financial support was facilitated by S. Blas and provided by Savannah River Nuclear Solutions - Area Closure Projects. Manuscript preparation was partially supported by the Department of Energy under Award Number DE-FC09-07SR22506 to the University of Georgia Research Foundation. NR 51 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 17 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0269-7491 J9 ENVIRON POLLUT JI Environ. Pollut. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 164 BP 211 EP 218 DI 10.1016/j.envpol.2012.01.042 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 928GO UT WOS:000302971400031 PM 22366480 ER PT J AU Patil, V Gada, K Panwar, R Varvarigou, A Majewski, S Weisenberger, A Ferris, C Tekabe, Y Khaw, BA AF Patil, Vishwesh Gada, Keyur Panwar, Rajiv Varvarigou, Alexandra Majewski, Stan Weisenberger, Andrew Ferris, Craig Tekabe, Yared Khaw, Ban-An TI Imaging small human prostate cancer xenografts after pretargeting with bispecific bombesin-antibody complexes and targeting with high specific radioactivity labeled polymer-drug conjugates SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE AND MOLECULAR IMAGING LA English DT Article DE Bispecific antibody; Pretargeting; Bombesin; Prostate cancer; Gastrin-releasing peptide receptors ID EXPERIMENTAL ATHEROSCLEROTIC LESIONS; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODY; NEGATIVE-CHARGE; Z2D3 ANTIBODY; PEPTIDE; MURINE; CELLS; STRATEGIES; DELIVERY; BINDING AB Purpose Pretargeting with bispecific monoclonal antibodies (bsMAb) for tumor imaging was developed to enhance target to background activity ratios. Visualization of tumors was achieved by the delivery of mono- and divalent radiolabeled haptens. To improve the ability to image tumors with bsMAb, we have combined the pretargeting approach with targeting of high specific activity radiotracer labeled negatively charged polymers. The tumor antigen-specific antibody was replaced with bombesin (Bom), a ligand that binds specifically to the growth receptors that are overexpressed by many tumors including prostate cancer. Bom-anti-diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA) bispecific antibody complexes were used to demonstrate pretargeting and imaging of very small human prostate cancer xenografts targeted with high specific activity In-111- or Tc-99m-labeled negatively charged polymers. Methods Bispecific antibody complexes consisting of intact anti-DTPA antibody or Fab' linked to Bom via thioether bonds (Bom-bsCx or Bom-bsFCx, respectively) were used to pretarget PC-3 human prostate cancer xenografts in SCID mice. Negative control mice were pretargeted with Bom or anti-DTPA Ab. In-111-Labeled DTPA-succinyl polylysine (DSPL) was injected intravenously at 24 h (7.03 +/- 1.74 or 6.88 +/- 1.89 MBq In-111-DSPL) after Bom-bsCx or 50 +/- 5.34 MBq of Tc-99m-DSPL after Bom-bsFCx pretargeting, respectively. Planar or single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT)/CT gamma images were obtained for up to 3 h and only planar images at 24 h. After imaging, all mice were killed and biodistribution of In-111 or Tc-99m activities were determined by scintillation counting. Results Both planar and SPECT/CT imaging enabled detection of PC-3 prostate cancer lesions less than 1-2 mm in diameter in 1-3 h post In-111-DSPL injection. No lesions were visualized in Bom or anti-DTPA Ab pretargeted controls. In-111-DSPL activity in Bom-bsCx pretargeted tumors (1.21 +/- 0.36%ID/g) was 5.4 times that in tumors pretargeted with Bom or anti-DTPA alone (0.22 +/- 0.08, p = 0.001). PC-3 xenografts pretargeted with Bom-bsFCx and targeted with Tc-99m-DSPL were visualizable by 1-3 h. Exquisite tumor uptake at 24 h (6.54 +/- 1.58%ID/g) was about 15 times greater than that of Bom pretargeted controls (0.44 +/- 0.17, p = 0.002). Conclusion Pretargeting prostate cancer with Bom-bsCx or Bom-bsFCx enabled fast delivery of high specific radioactivity In-111- or Tc-99m-labeled polymer-drug conjugates resulting in visualization of lesions smaller than 1-2 mm in diameter within 3 h. C1 [Patil, Vishwesh; Gada, Keyur; Panwar, Rajiv; Ferris, Craig; Khaw, Ban-An] Northeastern Univ, Dept Pharmaceut Sci, Sch Pharm, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Varvarigou, Alexandra] Natl Ctr Sci Res Demokritos, Inst Radioisotopes & Radiodiagnost, Athens 15310, Greece. [Majewski, Stan] W Virginia Univ, Dept Radiol, Nucl Med Imaging Instrumentat Program, Ctr Adv Imaging, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. [Weisenberger, Andrew] Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Jefferson LA, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. [Tekabe, Yared] Columbia Univ, Med Ctr, New York, NY USA. RP Khaw, BA (reprint author), Northeastern Univ, Dept Pharmaceut Sci, Sch Pharm, Mugar Bldg,Rm 205,360 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA 02115 USA. EM b.khaw@neu.edu FU Gwathmey Inc., Cambridge, MA, USA FX This research was partially support by an unrestricted grant from Gwathmey Inc., Cambridge, MA, USA. BAK is a cofounder of Akrivis Technologies, LLC which is interested in licensing the technology developed at the university. All other authors have no conflict of interest to declare related to this work. NR 40 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 11 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1619-7070 J9 EUR J NUCL MED MOL I JI Eur. J. Nucl. Med. Mol. Imaging PD MAY PY 2012 VL 39 IS 5 BP 824 EP 839 DI 10.1007/s00259-011-2050-3 PG 16 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 926FP UT WOS:000302817000010 PM 22302089 ER PT J AU Yang, F Waters, KM Webb-Robertson, BJ Sowa, MB von Neubeck, C Aldrich, JT Markillie, LM Wirgau, RM Gritsenko, MA Zhao, R Camp, DG Smith, RD Stenoien, DL AF Yang, Feng Waters, Katrina M. Webb-Robertson, Bobbie-Jo Sowa, Marianne B. von Neubeck, Claere Aldrich, Josh T. Markillie, Lye Meng Wirgau, Rachel M. Gritsenko, Marina A. Zhao, Rui Camp, David G., II Smith, Richard D. Stenoien, David L. TI Quantitative phosphoproteomics identifies filaggrin and other targets of ionizing radiation in a human skin model SO EXPERIMENTAL DERMATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE ionizing radiation; phosphorylation; skin ID INDUCED DNA-DAMAGE; TISSUE; PHOSPHORYLATION; QUANTIFICATION; PROFILAGGRIN; CONVERSION; SUBUNIT-1; PROGRAM; SITES; CELLS AB Our objective here was to perform a quantitative phosphoproteomic study on a reconstituted human skin tissue to identify low- and high-dose ionizing radiation-dependent signalling in a complex three-dimensional setting. Application of an isobaric labelling strategy using sham and three radiation doses (3, 10, 200 cGy) resulted in the identification of 1052 unique phosphopeptides. Statistical analyses identified 176 phosphopeptides showing significant changes in response to radiation and radiation dose. Proteins responsible for maintaining skin structural integrity including keratins and desmosomal proteins (desmoglein, desmoplakin, plakophilin 1, 2 and 3) had altered phosphorylation levels following exposure to both low and high doses of radiation. Altered phosphorylation of multiple sites in profilaggrin linker domains coincided with altered profilaggrin processing suggesting a role for linker phosphorylation in human profilaggrin regulation. These studies demonstrate that the reconstituted human skin system undergoes a coordinated response to both low and high doses of ionizing radiation involving multiple layers of the stratified epithelium that serve to maintain tissue integrity and mitigate effects of radiation exposure. C1 [Yang, Feng; Waters, Katrina M.; Webb-Robertson, Bobbie-Jo; Sowa, Marianne B.; von Neubeck, Claere; Aldrich, Josh T.; Markillie, Lye Meng; Wirgau, Rachel M.; Gritsenko, Marina A.; Zhao, Rui; Camp, David G., II; Smith, Richard D.; Stenoien, David L.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Stenoien, DL (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM david.stenoien@pnl.gov RI Smith, Richard/J-3664-2012 OI Smith, Richard/0000-0002-2381-2349 FU U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Biological and Environmental Research Low Dose Radiation Research; Defense Threat Reduction Agency; NIH, National Center for Research Resources [5P41RR018522-10]; National Institute of General Medical Sciences [8 P41 GM103493-10]; DOE [DE-AC05-76RLO 1830] FX This research was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Biological and Environmental Research Low Dose Radiation Research Program and the Defense Threat Reduction Agency. This research also used capabilities developed by the NIH Proteomics Center at PNNL (NIH grants National Center for Research Resources (5P41RR018522-10) and the National Institute of General Medical Sciences (8 P41 GM103493-10)). Experiments and data analyses were performed in the Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, a DOE national scientific user facility located at the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) in Richland, Washington. PNNL is a multiprogram national laboratory operated by Battelle for the DOE under Contract DE-AC05-76RLO 1830. NR 31 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 10 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0906-6705 J9 EXP DERMATOL JI Exp. Dermatol. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 21 IS 5 BP 352 EP 357 DI 10.1111/j.1600-0625.2012.01470.x PG 6 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 927ZS UT WOS:000302949800007 PM 22509832 ER PT J AU Blumenthal, DJ AF Blumenthal, Daniel J. TI INTRODUCTION TO THE SPECIAL ISSUE ON THE US RESPONSE TO THE FUKUSHIMA ACCIDENT SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Natl Nucl Secur Adm, US DOE, Off Emergency Response, Washington, DC 20585 USA. RP Blumenthal, DJ (reprint author), Natl Nucl Secur Adm, US DOE, Off Emergency Response, 1000 Independence Ave SW, Washington, DC 20585 USA. EM Daniel.Blumenthal@nnsa.doe.gov NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 102 IS 5 BP 482 EP 484 DI 10.1097/HP.0b013e31824ac8aa PG 3 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 925VG UT WOS:000302789300002 PM 22469927 ER PT J AU Blumenthal, DJ Bowman, DR Remick, A AF Blumenthal, Daniel J. Bowman, David R. Remick, Alan TI ADAPTING THE US DOMESTIC RADIOLOGICAL EMERGENCY RESPONSE PROCESS TO AN OVERSEAS INCIDENT: FRMAC WITHOUT THE F Introduction SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Editorial Material DE operational topics; accidents, reactor; emergencies, radiological; monitoring, environmental AB Following the 11 March 2011 Japan earthquake, tsunami, and ensuing reactor accident, the United States rapidly activated and deployed U.S. Department of Energy National Nuclear Security Administration (DOE/NNSA) emergency response teams. For more than two months, hundreds of DOE/NNSA headquarters and National Laboratory personnel participated on a field team in Japan or in Home Teams in the U. S. Guided by years of planning and training, the response teams successfully completed their mission and built important new partnerships. They employed the processes developed by the Federal Radiological Monitoring and Assessment Center (FRMAC) by adapting them to operating in a foreign country. Health Phys. 102(5):485-488; 2012 C1 [Blumenthal, Daniel J.; Bowman, David R.; Remick, Alan] Natl Nucl Secur Adm, US DOE, Off Emergency Response, Washington, DC 20585 USA. RP Blumenthal, DJ (reprint author), Natl Nucl Secur Adm, US DOE, Off Emergency Response, 1000 Independence Ave SW, Washington, DC 20585 USA. EM daniel.blumenthal@nnsa.doe.gov NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 102 IS 5 BP 485 EP 488 DI 10.1097/HP.0b013e31824be616 PG 4 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 925VG UT WOS:000302789300003 ER PT J AU Sugiyama, G Nasstrom, J Pobanz, B Foster, K Simpson, M Vogt, P Aluzzi, F Homann, S AF Sugiyama, Gayle Nasstrom, John Pobanz, Brenda Foster, Kevin Simpson, Matthew Vogt, Phil Aluzzi, Fernando Homann, Steve TI ATMOSPHERIC DISPERSION MODELING: CHALLENGES OF THE FUKUSHIMA DAIICHI RESPONSE SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE operational topics; accidents, nuclear; emergencies, radiological; emissions, atmospheric ID NUCLEAR-POWER-PLANT; ACCIDENT AB The U. S. Department of Energy's (DOE) National Atmospheric Release Advisory Center (NARAC) provided a wide range of predictions and analyses as part of the response to the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant accident including: Daily Japanese weather forecasts and atmospheric transport predictions to inform planning for field monitoring operations and to provide U. S. government agencies with ongoing situational awareness of meteorological conditions; Estimates of possible dose in Japan based on hypothetical U. S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission scenarios of potential radionuclide releases to support protective action planning for U. S. citizens; Predictions of possible plume arrival times and dose levels at U. S. locations; and Source estimation and plume model refinement based on atmospheric dispersion modeling and available monitoring data. This paper provides an overview of NARAC response activities, along with a more in-depth discussion of some of NARAC's preliminary source reconstruction analyses. NARAC optimized the overall agreement of model predictions to dose rate measurements using statistical comparisons of data and model values paired in space and time. Estimated emission rates varied depending on the choice of release assumptions (e. g., time-varying vs. constant release rates), the radionuclidemix, meteorology, and/or the radiological data used in the analysis. Results were found to be consistent with other studies within expected uncertainties, despite the application of different source estimation methodologies and the use of significantly different radiological measurement data. The paper concludes with a discussion of some of the operational and scientific challenges encountered during the response, along with recommendations for future work. Health Phys. 102(5):493-508; 2012 C1 [Sugiyama, Gayle; Nasstrom, John; Pobanz, Brenda; Foster, Kevin; Simpson, Matthew; Vogt, Phil; Aluzzi, Fernando; Homann, Steve] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Sugiyama, G (reprint author), L-103 LLNL,POB 808, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM sugiyama1@llnl.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344] FX This work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. The authors would like to acknowledge the contributions of other members of the NARAC staff who supported the Fukushima response, including analysts Maureen Alai, Ron Baskett, Michael Dillon, and Connee Foster, along with Shawn Larsen, Bill Eme, Peter Goldstein, Kathleen Fischer, Diane Lamartine, Hoyt Walker, and the rest of the development team, who ensured that the NARAC models and system functioned continuously for the three months of the response and provided upgrades to key capabilities. The authors would also like to acknowledge the assistance of the U.S. DOE/NNSA CMHT and thank Colin Okada and Wendy Pemberton from the U.S. DOE/NNSA Remote Sensing Laboratory, who provided the AMS-based total deposition estimate, and Nathan Wimer of Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, who provided information on radionuclide relative activity ratios. NR 27 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 2 U2 21 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 102 IS 5 BP 493 EP 508 DI 10.1097/HP.0b013e31824c7bc9 PG 16 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 925VG UT WOS:000302789300005 ER PT J AU Musolino, SV Clark, H McCullough, T Pemberton, W AF Musolino, Stephen V. Clark, Harvey McCullough, Thomas Pemberton, Wendy TI ENVIRONMENTAL MEASUREMENTS IN AN EMERGENCY: THIS IS NOT A DRILL SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE operational topics; emergencies, radiological; emergency planning; monitoring; environmental AB Emergency responders from the Department of Energy are trained regularly to assess the environmental consequences of a radiological or nuclear incident. While drills and exercises are highly effective tools in rehearsing for an emergency, the accidents at the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plants presented real-world complexities that are difficult or impossible to simulate in such training. Customarily, the modeled hypothetical event used to create a drill or exercise data set is simple, well defined, and closely resembles conventional assumptions about the type of that event. Consequently, the modeling performed by players from the outset closely resembles the planner's hypothetical event. This approach also entails idealized, uniform data in the simulated plume and ground deposition scenarios created for the drill that match the modeling closely. The real-world event that occurred in Japan sharply deviated from the simple picture ordinarily created for drills and exercises that typically involve a release of radioactivity that is of short duration, a single puff with constant meteorology, or simple deviation such as a wind shift to bifurcate the plume. In the very early stages, accurate plume and deposition model predictions were difficult to produce due to the lack of field monitoring data and other information. In contrast to drills and exercises where plant monitoring data is available, there was much less plant monitoring data, essentially no reactor state information, and the meteorological conditions and releases were much more complex. Inevitably, the measurements in Japan were not homogeneous, thus presenting technical challenges to assessors tasked with ensuring the quality of the finished assessments and data products for government officials, the responder community, and the public. In this paper, examples of some operational real-world complexities are considered. Procedures, measurements, or radiological assessments from the Fukushima response are not in the purview of this paper. Health Phys. 102(5):516-526; 2012 C1 [Musolino, Stephen V.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Clark, Harvey; McCullough, Thomas; Pemberton, Wendy] Remote Sensing Lab, Las Vegas, NV 89193 USA. RP Musolino, SV (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, POB 5000, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM musolino@bnl.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-98CH10886] FX The opinions expressed in this editorial are those of the authors and do not represent the official opinion or position of the Brookhaven National Laboratory or the U. S. Department of Energy. This manuscript has been authored by Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886 with the U.S. Department of Energy. The United States Government retains, and the publisher, by accepting the article for publication, acknowledges, a worldwide license to publish or reproduce the published form of this manuscript, or allow others to do so, for United States Government purposes. NR 7 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 5 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 102 IS 5 BP 516 EP 526 DI 10.1097/HP.0b013e31824c5ae4 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 925VG UT WOS:000302789300007 PM 22469930 ER PT J AU Shanks, A Fournier, S Shanks, S AF Shanks, Arthur Fournier, Sean Shanks, Sonoya TI CHALLENGES IN DETERMINING THE ISOTOPIC MIXTURE FOR THE FUKUSHIMA DAIICHI NUCLEAR POWER PLANT ACCIDENT SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Operational topics; accidents, power reactor; emergencies, radiological; emissions, atmospheric AB This paper discusses the challenges and lessons learned associated with the analysis of field collected samples and gamma spectra in an attempt to determine the isotopic mixture present on the ground around the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant. There were several interesting and surprising lessons to be learned from the sample analysis portion of the response. The paper discusses several elements of the response that were unique to the event occurring in Japan, as well as several elements that would have occurred even in a U. S. nuclear reactor event. In addition, there are specific sections discussing details of the specific analytical challenges faced during the efforts to analyze samples and try to understand the overall release source term. Health Phys. 102(5):527-534; 2012 C1 [Shanks, Arthur; Fournier, Sean; Shanks, Sonoya] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Shanks, A (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM ashank@sandia.gov NR 3 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 3 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 102 IS 5 BP 527 EP 534 DI 10.1097/HP.0b013e31824cc01a PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 925VG UT WOS:000302789300008 ER PT J AU Carbaugh, EH Watson, DJ AF Carbaugh, Eugene H. Watson, David J. TI Carbon-14 Bioassay for Decommissioning of Hanford Reactors SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE operational topics; C-14; bioassay; monitoring; personnel ID GRAPHITE; CONCRETE; H-3 AB The production reactors at the U.S. Department of Energy Hanford Site used large graphite piles as the moderator. As part of long-term decommissioning plans, the potential need for C-14 radiobioassay of workers was identified. Technical issues associated with C-14 bioassay and worker monitoring were investigated, including anticipated graphite characterization, potential intake scenarios, and the bioassay capabilities that may be required to support the decommissioning of the graphite piles. A combination of urine and feces sampling would likely be required for the absorption type S C-14 anticipated to be encountered. However, the concentrations in the graphite piles appear to be sufficiently low that dosimetrically significant intakes of C-14 are not credible, thus rendering moot the need for such bioassay. Health Phys. 102(Supplement 2): 538-S42; 2012 C1 [Carbaugh, Eugene H.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Hanford Internal Dosimetry Program, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Carbaugh, EH (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Hanford Internal Dosimetry Program, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM gene.carbaugh@pnl.gov NR 15 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 102 IS 5 SU S BP S38 EP S42 PG 5 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 927EE UT WOS:000302889100002 PM 22469998 ER PT J AU Liu, WN Sun, X Chen, WN Templeton, D AF Liu, Wenning Sun, Xin Chen, Weinong Templeton, Douglas TI Modeling and Characterization of Dynamic Failure of Soda-lime Glass Under High-Speed Impact SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DAMAGE MECHANICS LA English DT Article DE soda-lime glass; brittle failure; multi-axial loading; shear failure; failure strength; damage mode; continuum damage mechanics; split Hopkinson pressure bar ID CONTINUUM DAMAGE MECHANICS; SMALL STEEL SPHERES; BOROSILICATE GLASS; ANOMALOUS GLASSES; MATERIAL RESPONSE; INDENTATION; FRACTURE; SURFACES; RESISTANCE; BEHAVIOR AB In this article, the impact-induced dynamic failure of a soda-lime glass block is studied using an integrated experimental/analytical approach. The Split Hopkinson Pressure Bartechnique is used to conduct dynamic failure test of soda-lime glass first. The damage growth patterns and stress histories are reported for various glass specimen designs. Making use of a continuum damage mechanics-based constitutive model, the initial failure and subsequent stiffness reduction of glass are simulated and investigated. Explicit finite element analyzes are used to simulate the glass specimen impact event. A maximum shear stress-based damage evolution law is used in describing the glass damage process under combined compression/shear loading. The impact test results are used to quantify the critical shear stress for the soda-lime glass under examination. C1 [Liu, Wenning; Sun, Xin] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Chen, Weinong] Purdue Univ, AAE Sch, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Templeton, Douglas] USA, Tank & Automot Res & Dev, AMSRD TAR R, Warren, MI 48397 USA. RP Liu, WN (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM liu_wenning@hotmail.com NR 34 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 4 U2 13 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD PI LONDON PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND SN 1056-7895 J9 INT J DAMAGE MECH JI Int. J. Damage Mech. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 21 IS 4 BP 577 EP 598 DI 10.1177/1056789511411430 PG 22 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mechanics SC Materials Science; Mechanics GA 928WY UT WOS:000303020500005 ER PT J AU Minsley, BJ Smith, BD Hammack, R Sams, JI Veloski, G AF Minsley, Burke J. Smith, Bruce D. Hammack, Richard Sams, James I. Veloski, Garret TI Calibration and filtering strategies for frequency domain electromagnetic data SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED GEOPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Electromagnetic induction; Agriculture; Subsurface drip irrigation; Monitoring; Calibration; Powder River Basin ID ELECTRICAL-CONDUCTIVITY; EM DATA; RESISTIVITY; INVERSION; TRANSFORM; AMPLITUDE; DEPTH AB Repeat frequency-domain electromagnetic (FDEM) surveys have been acquired over agricultural fields in the Powder River Basin (PRB), Wyoming, where subsurface drip irrigation is being utilized for the beneficial dispersal of coalbed methane produced water. The purpose of the FDEM surveys is to monitor changes in subsurface electrical properties due to the injection of the produced water. In order to quantitatively interpret the data, however, both systematic and random errors must be accounted for. A calibration procedure, adapted from airborne geophysical data processing, corrects for systematic errors by making the FDEM data consistent with the results of a direct current resistivity survey that is coincident with a portion of the FDEM data. Calibration is shown to improve the inter-frequency relationships within the data, resulting in reduced misfit when the data are inverted and therefore added confidence in the inversion results. A filtering approach that is based on principal component analysis is used to attenuate random errors in the data. This type of filter is advantageous because it has a physical-basis in the fact that FDEM data are highly correlated across frequencies, and does not require an arbitrarily-defined spatial filter window length. The calibration and filtering methods are successfully applied to approximately 15 line-km of data in the PRB. It is apparent, however, that calibration parameters may drift in time and should be re-assessed at regular intervals throughout a survey. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Minsley, Burke J.; Smith, Bruce D.] US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA. [Hammack, Richard; Sams, James I.; Veloski, Garret] US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. RP Minsley, BJ (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, MS964, Denver, CO 80225 USA. EM bminsley@usgs.gov OI Minsley, Burke/0000-0003-1689-1306 FU U.S. Department of Energy; USGS FX We thank BeneTerra LLC, specifically John Zupancic, for providing access to their SDI sites and their cooperation with this work. Funding for this project has been provided through U.S Energy Policy Act, U.S. Department of Energy. Smith received salary support from the USGS Energy Program through the Produced Waters project led by Mark Engle. We are grateful to David Smith and Bas Peters for their review of this manuscript, as well as the two anonymous journal reviewers. NR 34 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 1 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0926-9851 J9 J APPL GEOPHYS JI J. Appl. Geophys. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 80 BP 56 EP 66 DI 10.1016/j.jappgeo.2012.01.008 PG 11 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Mining & Mineral Processing SC Geology; Mining & Mineral Processing GA 928HY UT WOS:000302975000006 ER PT J AU Bochentyn, B Karczewski, J Molin, S Klimczuk, T Gazda, M Jasinski, P Safarik, DJ Kusz, B AF Bochentyn, B. Karczewski, J. Molin, S. Klimczuk, T. Gazda, M. Jasinski, P. Safarik, D. J. Kusz, B. TI The comparison of SrTi0.98Nb0.02O3-delta-CeO2 and SrTi0.98Nb0.02O3-delta-YSZ composites for use in SOFC anodes SO JOURNAL OF ELECTROCERAMICS LA English DT Article DE Solid oxide fuel cell; Nb-doped SrTiO3; Anode; Composite ID OXIDE FUEL-CELLS; DOPED STRONTIUM-TITANATE; ELECTRICAL-PROPERTIES; REDUCING CONDITIONS; SRTIO3 AB Composites of Nb-doped strontium titanate mixed with yttria-stabilized zirconia or cerium oxide in 50:50, 70:30 and 85:15 weight ratios were evaluated as possible anode/electrolyte interface materials for solid oxide fuel cells in terms of chemical compatibility, electrical conductivity and mechanical properties. It has been shown that composite samples prepared by typical powder-mixing methods remain single-phase up to 1400A degrees C. The electrical conductivity of these composites, regardless of their composition and fabrication conditions, is lower than the conductivity of pure SrTi0.98Nb0.02O3-delta, but in most cases sufficient for solid oxide fuel cells anode application. The best properties are found for samples reduced at 1400A degrees C for 10 h in H-2 atmosphere. The observations made by scanning electron microscope suggest that the grains of both phases are well-distributed throughout the whole volume of the investigated samples, and that the composites with CeO2 better adhere to the electrolyte surface. The electrical results confirm that composites with at most 30 wt % of YSZ/CeO2 phase fulfill the anode requirements. However, the fuel cell performance tests indicate that the application of composite with CeO2 results in the lower power density than the application of the composite with YSZ. C1 [Bochentyn, B.; Karczewski, J.; Klimczuk, T.; Gazda, M.; Kusz, B.] Gdansk Univ Technol, Fac Appl Phys & Math, PL-80233 Gdansk, Poland. [Molin, S.; Jasinski, P.] Gdansk Univ Technol, Fac Elect Telecommun & Informat, PL-80233 Gdansk, Poland. [Klimczuk, T.] Commiss European Communities, Joint Res Ctr, Inst Transuranium Elements, D-76125 Karlsruhe, Germany. [Safarik, D. J.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Bochentyn, B (reprint author), Gdansk Univ Technol, Fac Appl Phys & Math, Ul Narutowicza 11-12, PL-80233 Gdansk, Poland. EM bbochentyn@mif.pg.gda.pl RI Molin, Sebastian/A-6221-2009; Bochentyn, Beata/F-7831-2013; Klimczuk, Tomasz/M-1716-2013; Jasinski, Piotr/F-7952-2013; OI Molin, Sebastian/0000-0002-8335-7632; Klimczuk, Tomasz/0000-0003-2602-5049; Jasinski, Piotr/0000-0001-9249-4869; Safarik, Douglas/0000-0001-8648-9377 FU Ministry of Higher Education [N511 376135]; National Science Center [NCN DEC-2011/01/N/ST5/05579] FX This project is partially supported by Ministry of Higher Education under the grant No. N511 376135 and National Science Center under the grant No. NCN DEC-2011/01/N/ST5/05579. NR 17 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 3 U2 31 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1385-3449 J9 J ELECTROCERAM JI J. Electroceram. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 28 IS 2-3 BP 132 EP 138 DI 10.1007/s10832-012-9693-8 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Ceramics SC Materials Science GA 926DN UT WOS:000302811600008 ER PT J AU Dobos, AP AF Dobos, Aron P. TI An Improved Coefficient Calculator for the California Energy Commission 6 Parameter Photovoltaic Module Model SO JOURNAL OF SOLAR ENERGY ENGINEERING-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Article AB This paper describes an improved algorithm for calculating the six parameters required by the California Energy Commission (CEC) photovoltaic (PV) Calculator module model. Rebate applications in California require results from the CEC PV model, and thus depend on an up-to-date database of module characteristics. Currently, adding new modules to the database requires calculating operational coefficients using a general purpose equation solver-a cumbersome process for the 300+ modules added on average every month. The combination of empirical regressions and heuristic methods presented herein achieve automated convergence for 99.87% of the 5487 modules in the CEC database and greatly enhance the accuracy and efficiency by which new modules can be characterized and approved for use. The added robustness also permits general purpose use of the CEC/6 parameter module model by modelers and system analysts when standard module specifications are known, even if the module does not exist in a preprocessed database. [DOI: 10.1115/1.4005759] C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Strateg Energy Anal Ctr, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Dobos, AP (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Strateg Energy Anal Ctr, 1617 Cole Blvd, Golden, CO 80401 USA. EM aron.dobos@nrel.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC36-08-GO28308]; National Renewable Energy Laboratory FX This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC36-08-GO28308 with the National Renewable Energy Laboratory. Patrick Saxton at the California Energy Commission, Bill Beckman, Professor Emeritus of Mechanical Engineering at the University of Wisconsin-Madison, and Sandy Klein, Professor of Mechanical Engineering at the University of Wisconsin-Madison all provided exceptionally helpful insights and feedback. NR 7 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 3 PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA SN 0199-6231 J9 J SOL ENERG-T ASME JI J. Sol. Energy Eng. Trans.-ASME PD MAY PY 2012 VL 134 IS 2 AR 021011 DI 10.1115/1.4005759 PG 6 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Mechanical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 922WO UT WOS:000302579400011 ER PT J AU Medjoubi, K Thompson, A Berar, JF Clemens, JC Delpierre, P Da Silva, P Dinkespiler, B Fourme, R Gourhant, P Guimaraes, B Hustache, S Idir, M Itie, JP Legrand, P Menneglier, C Mercere, P Picca, F Samama, JP AF Medjoubi, Kadda Thompson, Andrew Berar, Jean-Francois Clemens, Jean-Claude Delpierre, Pierre Da Silva, Paulo Dinkespiler, Bernard Fourme, Roger Gourhant, Patrick Guimaraes, Beatriz Hustache, Stephanie Idir, Mourad Itie, Jean-Paul Legrand, Pierre Menneglier, Claude Mercere, Pascal Picca, Frederic Samama, Jean-Pierre TI Energy resolution of the CdTe-XPAD detector: calibration and potential for Laue diffraction measurements on protein crystals SO JOURNAL OF SYNCHROTRON RADIATION LA English DT Article DE protein crystallography; Laue diffraction; CdTe pixel detector; energy resolution ID COUNTING PIXEL DETECTOR; X-RAY-DIFFRACTION; CHIP; CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; DECONVOLUTION; TESTS AB The XPAD3S-CdTe, a CdTe photon-counting pixel array detector, has been used to measure the energy and the intensity of the white-beam diffraction from a lysozyme crystal. A method was developed to calibrate the detector in terms of energy, allowing incident photon energy measurement to high resolution (approximately 140 eV), opening up new possibilities in energy-resolved X-ray diffraction. In order to demonstrate this, Laue diffraction experiments were performed on the bending-magnet beamline METROLOGIE at Synchrotron SOLEIL. The X-ray energy spectra of diffracted spots were deduced from the indexed Laue patterns collected with an imaging-plate detector and then measured with both the XPAD3S-CdTe and the XPAD3S-Si, a silicon photon-counting pixel array detector. The predicted and measured energy of selected diffraction spots are in good agreement, demonstrating the reliability of the calibration method. These results open up the way to direct unit-cell parameter determination and the measurement of high-quality Laue data even at low resolution. Based on the success of these measurements, potential applications in X-ray diffraction opened up by this type of technology are discussed. C1 [Medjoubi, Kadda; Thompson, Andrew; Da Silva, Paulo; Fourme, Roger; Gourhant, Patrick; Guimaraes, Beatriz; Hustache, Stephanie; Itie, Jean-Paul; Legrand, Pierre; Menneglier, Claude; Mercere, Pascal; Picca, Frederic; Samama, Jean-Pierre] Synchrotron Soleil, F-91192 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Berar, Jean-Francois] CNRS, Inst Neel, F-38042 Grenoble, France. [Clemens, Jean-Claude; Delpierre, Pierre; Dinkespiler, Bernard] Aix Marseille Univ, CPPM, F-13288 Marseille, France. [Clemens, Jean-Claude; Delpierre, Pierre; Dinkespiler, Bernard] CNRS IN2P3, F-13288 Marseille, France. [Idir, Mourad] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Medjoubi, K (reprint author), Synchrotron Soleil, BP 48, F-91192 Gif Sur Yvette, France. EM kadda.medjoubi@synchrotron-soleil.fr; andrew.thompson@synchrotron-soleil.fr RI d2am, beamline/I-6445-2015; LEGRAND, Pierre/G-7709-2011 OI LEGRAND, Pierre/0000-0003-2431-2255 NR 33 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 10 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0909-0495 J9 J SYNCHROTRON RADIAT JI J. Synchrot. Radiat. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 19 BP 323 EP 331 DI 10.1107/S0909049512004463 PN 3 PG 9 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Physics GA 928QW UT WOS:000302998900004 PM 22514165 ER PT J AU Muller, EM Smedley, J Bohon, J Yang, X Gaowei, M Skinner, J De Geronimo, G Sullivan, M Allaire, M Keister, JW Berman, L Heroux, A AF Muller, Erik M. Smedley, John Bohon, Jen Yang, Xi Gaowei, Mengjia Skinner, John De Geronimo, Gianluigi Sullivan, Michael Allaire, Marc Keister, Jeffrey W. Berman, Lonny Heroux, Annie TI Transmission-mode diamond white-beam position monitor at NSLS SO JOURNAL OF SYNCHROTRON RADIATION LA English DT Article DE diamond; detector; monitor; position-sensitive; quadrant; white beam; BPM; photon; undulator ID SYNCHROTRON LIGHT-SOURCE; RAY; UNDULATOR; DETECTORS AB Two transmission-mode diamond X-ray beam position monitors installed at National Synchrotron Light Source (NSLS) beamline X25 are described. Each diamond beam position monitor is constructed around two horizontally tiled electronic-grade (p.p.b. nitrogen impurity) single-crystal (001) CVD synthetic diamonds. The position, angle and flux of the white X-ray beam can be monitored in real time with a position resolution of 500 nm in the horizontal direction and 100 nm in the vertical direction for a 3 mm X 1 mm beam. The first diamond beam position monitor has been in operation in the white beam for more than one year without any observable degradation in performance. The installation of a second, more compact, diamond beam position monitor followed about six months later, adding the ability to measure the angular trajectory of the photon beam. C1 [Muller, Erik M.] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. [Smedley, John; De Geronimo, Gianluigi] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Instrumentat Div, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Bohon, Jen; Sullivan, Michael] Case Western Reserve Univ, Ctr Synchrotron Biosci, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Heroux, Annie] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Biol Struct, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Muller, EM (reprint author), SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. EM erik.muller@stonybrook.edu RI Muller, Erik/A-9790-2008 FU US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-98CH10886]; Office of Biological and Environmental Research of the US Department of Energy; Office of Basic Energy Sciences of the US Department of Energy; National Center for Research Resources of the National Institutes of Health [P41RR012408]; DOE [DE-FG0208ER41547]; National Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering [P30-EB-09998]; US Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-98CH10886] FX The authors would like to acknowledge the efforts of both the Instrumentation Division and NSLS X25 beamline staff, including John Walsh and John Lara for their contribution to the design and fabrication of the device structure, Emerson Vernon for the implementation of the electronics, and Stu Myers for beamline support and Bin Dong for use of the calibrated electrometers. Data for this study were measured at NSLS X25 and X28C. Use of the National Synchrotron Light Source, Brookhaven National Laboratory, was supported by the US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886. Financial support was provided by the Offices of Biological and Environmental Research and of Basic Energy Sciences of the US Department of Energy, the National Center for Research Resources of the National Institutes of Health grant number P41RR012408, the DOE High Energy Physics program under DE-FG0208ER41547, and the National Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering under P30-EB-09998. Research carried out in part at the Center for Functional Nanomaterials, Brookhaven National Laboratory, which is supported by the US Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886. NR 13 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 3 U2 17 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0909-0495 J9 J SYNCHROTRON RADIAT JI J. Synchrot. Radiat. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 19 BP 381 EP 387 DI 10.1107/S0909049512005043 PN 3 PG 7 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Physics GA 928QW UT WOS:000302998900012 PM 22514173 ER PT J AU Shi, B Hiller, JM Liu, YZ Liu, C Qian, J Gades, L Wieczorek, MJ Marander, AT Maser, J Assoufid, L AF Shi, Bing Hiller, Jon M. Liu, Yuzi Liu, Chian Qian, Jun Gades, Lisa Wieczorek, Michael J. Marander, Albert T. Maser, Jorg Assoufid, Lahsen TI A unique approach to accurately measure thickness in thick multilayers SO JOURNAL OF SYNCHROTRON RADIATION LA English DT Article DE multilayer Laue lenses; focused ion beam; scanning electron microscope; image processing; stitching ID LAUE LENSES AB X-ray optics called multilayer Laue lenses (MLLs) provide a promising path to focusing hard X-rays with high focusing efficiency at a resolution between 5 nm and 20 nm. MLLs consist of thousands of depth-graded thin layers. The thickness of each layer obeys the linear zone plate law. X-ray beamline tests have been performed on magnetron sputter-deposited WSi2/Si MLLs at the Advanced Photon Source/Center for Nanoscale Materials 26-ID nanoprobe beamline. However, it is still very challenging to accurately grow each layer at the designed thickness during deposition; errors introduced during thickness measurements of thousands of layers lead to inaccurate MLL structures. Here, a new metrology approach that can accurately measure thickness by introducing regular marks on the cross section of thousands of layers using a focused ion beam is reported. This new measurement method is compared with a previous method. More accurate results are obtained using the new measurement approach. C1 [Shi, Bing; Liu, Chian; Qian, Jun; Gades, Lisa; Wieczorek, Michael J.; Marander, Albert T.; Maser, Jorg; Assoufid, Lahsen] Argonne Natl Lab, Xray Sci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Hiller, Jon M.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Liu, Yuzi] Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Nanoscale Mat, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Shi, B (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Xray Sci Div, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM shi@anl.gov RI Hiller, Jon/A-2513-2009; Maser, Jorg/K-6817-2013; Liu, Yuzi/C-6849-2011 OI Hiller, Jon/0000-0001-7207-8008; FU US Department of Energy, Office of Science [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX The SEM analysis work was performed at the Electron Microscopy Center of Argonne National Laboratory. This work is supported by the US Department of Energy, Office of Science, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. NR 9 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 8 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0909-0495 J9 J SYNCHROTRON RADIAT JI J. Synchrot. Radiat. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 19 BP 425 EP 427 DI 10.1107/S0909049512005249 PN 3 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Physics GA 928QW UT WOS:000302998900018 PM 22514179 ER PT J AU Nowell, H Barnett, SA Christensen, KE Teat, SJ Allan, DR AF Nowell, Harriott Barnett, Sarah A. Christensen, Kirsten E. Teat, Simon J. Allan, David R. TI I19, the small-molecule single-crystal diffraction beamline at Diamond Light Source SO JOURNAL OF SYNCHROTRON RADIATION LA English DT Article DE small-molecule single-crystal diffraction; chemical crystallography; materials; high-pressure; I19 ID X-RAY-DIFFRACTION; DESIGN; CELL; FRAMEWORKS; PRESSURE; ANVIL AB The dedicated small-molecule single-crystal X-ray diffraction beamline (I19) at Diamond Light Source has been operational and supporting users for over three years. I19 is a high-flux tunable-wavelength beamline and its key details are described in this article. Much of the work performed on the beamline involves structure determination from small and weakly diffracting crystals. Other experiments that have been supported to date include structural studies at high pressure, studies of metastable species, variable-temperature crystallography, studies involving gas exchange in porous materials and structural characterizations that require analysis of the diffuse scattering between Bragg reflections. A range of sample environments to facilitate crystallographic studies under non-ambient conditions are available as well as a number of options for automation. An indication of the scope of the science carried out on the beamline is provided by the range of highlights selected for this paper. C1 [Nowell, Harriott; Barnett, Sarah A.; Christensen, Kirsten E.; Allan, David R.] Diamond Light Source, Didcot OX11 0DE, Oxon, England. [Teat, Simon J.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Adv Light Source, Berkeley, CA 94721 USA. RP Allan, DR (reprint author), Diamond Light Source, Harwell Sci & Innovat Campus, Didcot OX11 0DE, Oxon, England. EM david.allan@diamond.ac.uk RI Christensen, Kirsten/B-3141-2009 NR 20 TC 57 Z9 57 U1 0 U2 25 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0909-0495 J9 J SYNCHROTRON RADIAT JI J. Synchrot. Radiat. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 19 BP 435 EP 441 DI 10.1107/S0909049512008801 PN 3 PG 7 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Physics GA 928QW UT WOS:000302998900021 PM 22514182 ER PT J AU Stokes-Rees, I Levesque, I Murphy, FV Yang, W Deacon, A Sliz, P AF Stokes-Rees, Ian Levesque, Ian Murphy, Frank V. Yang, Wei Deacon, Ashley Sliz, Piotr TI Adapting federated cyberinfrastructure for shared data collection facilities in structural biology SO JOURNAL OF SYNCHROTRON RADIATION LA English DT Software Review DE grid computing; data handling and security; diffraction images; collaborative tools; structural biology ID PROTEIN DATA-BANK; SERVICES; SCIENCE AB Early stage experimental data in structural biology is generally unmaintained and inaccessible to the public. It is increasingly believed that this data, which forms the basis for each macromolecular structure discovered by this field, must be archived and, in due course, published. Furthermore, the widespread use of shared scientific facilities such as synchrotron beamlines complicates the issue of data storage, access and movement, as does the increase of remote users. This work describes a prototype system that adapts existing federated cyberinfrastructure technology and techniques to significantly improve the operational environment for users and administrators of synchrotron data collection facilities used in structural biology. This is achieved through software from the Virtual Data Toolkit and Globus, bringing together federated users and facilities from the Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, the Advanced Photon Source, the Open Science Grid, the SBGrid Consortium and Harvard Medical School. The performance and experience with the prototype provide a model for data management at shared scientific facilities. C1 [Stokes-Rees, Ian; Levesque, Ian; Sliz, Piotr] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Biol Chem & Mol Pharmacol, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Levesque, Ian] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Howard Hughes Med Inst, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Murphy, Frank V.] Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, NE Collaborat Access Team NE CAT, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Yang, Wei; Deacon, Ashley] Stanford Univ, Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Light Source, Joint Ctr Struct Genom, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. RP Sliz, P (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Biol Chem & Mol Pharmacol, Boston, MA 02115 USA. EM piotr_sliz@hms.harvard.edu OI Stokes-Rees, Ian/0000-0002-6832-6168; Sliz, Piotr/0000-0002-6522-0835 FU National Institute of Health [1U54GM094608-01]; National Science Foundation Research Coordination Network [0639193]; National Science Foundation [OCI-1053575]; US Department of Energy's Office of Science; National Center for Research Resources [5P41RR015301-10]; National Institute of General Medical Sciences from the National Institutes of Health [8 P41 GM103403-10, U54 GM094586, GM074898]; US DOE [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX The work was supported by the National Institute of Health grant 1U54GM094608-01 and the National Science Foundation Research Coordination Network, grant 0639193. This research was carried out using resources provided by the Open Science Grid (supported by the National Science Foundation and the US Department of Energy's Office of Science). This work is based upon research conducted at the Advanced Photon Source on the Northeastern Collaborative Access Team beamlines, which are supported by grants from the National Center for Research Resources (5P41RR015301-10) and the National Institute of General Medical Sciences (8 P41 GM103403-10) from the National Institutes of Health. Use of the Advanced Photon Source, an Office of Science User Facility operated for the US Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Science by Argonne National Laboratory, was supported by the US DOE under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. AD is supported by the NIH, National Institutes of General Medical Sciences, Protein Structure Initiative award to JCSG (U54 GM094586 and GM074898). Portions of this research were performed at the Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource (SSRL), SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory. The SSRL is a national user facility operated by Stanford University on behalf of the US Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences. This work used the Extreme Science and Engineering Discovery Environment (XSEDE), which is supported by National Science Foundation grant number OCI-1053575. The authors would also like to thank Steve Tuecke, Rachana Ananthakrishnan and Raj Kettimuthu from Globus Online for their support and encouragement with this project, and James Withrow from NE-CAT for technical support in the deployment process. Terrence Martin, at the University of California San Diego (UCSD), and Brian Bockleman, at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln, provided invaluable assistance with service configuration and data management on the HadoopFS system at UCSD. NR 25 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU INT UNION CRYSTALLOGRAPHY PI CHESTER PA 2 ABBEY SQ, CHESTER, CH1 2HU, ENGLAND SN 1600-5775 J9 J SYNCHROTRON RADIAT JI J. Synchrot. Radiat. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 19 BP 462 EP 467 DI 10.1107/S0909049512009776 PN 3 PG 6 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Physics GA 928QW UT WOS:000302998900025 PM 22514186 ER PT J AU Keasling, JD AF Keasling, Jay D. TI Synthetic biology and the development of tools for metabolic engineering SO METABOLIC ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE Metabolic; Engineering; Artemisinin; Genetic; Enzymes; Tools; Hosts ID HIGH-LEVEL PRODUCTION; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE; ARTEMISINIC ACID; MESSENGER-RNA; EXPRESSION; PATHWAY; GENOME; GENES; MALARIA AB Synthetic biology can significantly advance metabolic engineering by contributing tools (minimal hosts, vectors, genetic controllers, characterized enzymes). The development of these tools significantly reduced the costs and time to develop the antimalarial drug artemisinin, but the availability of more tools could have reduced these costs substantially. (C) 2012 Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Keasling, Jay D.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Keasling, Jay D.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Synthet Biol Engn Res Ctr, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Keasling, Jay D.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Bioengn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Keasling, Jay D.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Keasling, Jay D.] Joint BioEnergy Inst, Emeryville, CA 94608 USA. RP Keasling, JD (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM keasling@berkeley.edu RI Keasling, Jay/J-9162-2012 OI Keasling, Jay/0000-0003-4170-6088 FU Synthetic Biology Engineering Research Center; National Science Foundation [0540879]; Joint BioEnergy Institute; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX This work was supported in part by the Synthetic Biology Engineering Research Center, which is funded by National Science Foundation Award No. 0540879, and by the Joint BioEnergy Institute, which is funded by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research, through contract DE-AC02-05CH11231. NR 58 TC 152 Z9 165 U1 24 U2 179 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1096-7176 J9 METAB ENG JI Metab. Eng. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 14 IS 3 BP 189 EP 195 DI 10.1016/j.ymben.2012.01.004 PG 7 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 927AD UT WOS:000302876000002 PM 22314049 ER PT J AU Mutalik, VK Qi, L Guimaraes, JC Lucks, JB Arkin, AP AF Mutalik, Vivek K. Qi, Lei Guimaraes, Joao C. Lucks, Julius B. Arkin, Adam P. TI Rationally designed families of orthogonal RNA regulators of translation SO NATURE CHEMICAL BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ANTISENSE RNA; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; GENE-EXPRESSION; MESSENGER-RNA; SYNTHETIC BIOLOGY; RIBOSOME BINDING; IN-VIVO; TRANSCRIPTION; NETWORKS; PROTEIN AB Our ability to routinely engineer genetic networks for applications is limited by the scarcity of highly specific and non-crossreacting (orthogonal) gene regulators with predictable behavior. Though antisense RNAs are attractive contenders for this purpose, quantitative understanding of their specificity and sequence-function relationship sufficient for their design has been limited. Here, we use rationally designed variants of the RNA-IN-RNA-OUT antisense RNA-mediated translation system from the insertion sequence IS10 to quantify >500 RNA-RNA interactions in Escherichia coli and integrate the data set with sequence-activity modeling to identify the thermodynamic stability of the duplex and the seed region as the key determinants of specificity. Applying this model, we predict the performance of an additional similar to 2,600 antisense-regulator pairs, forecast the possibility of large families of orthogonal mutants, and forward engineer and experimentally validate two RNA pairs orthogonal to an existing group of five from the training data set. We discuss the potential use of these regulators in next-generation synthetic biology applications. C1 [Mutalik, Vivek K.; Arkin, Adam P.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Mutalik, Vivek K.] Joint BioEnergy Inst, BioFAB, Emeryville, CA USA. [Mutalik, Vivek K.; Arkin, Adam P.] QB3 Calif Inst Quantitat Sci, Berkeley, CA USA. [Qi, Lei; Guimaraes, Joao C.; Lucks, Julius B.; Arkin, Adam P.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Bioengn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Guimaraes, Joao C.] Univ Minho, Dept Informat, Comp Sci & Technol Ctr, Braga, Portugal. [Lucks, Julius B.] Miller Inst Basic Sci Res, Berkeley, CA USA. RP Mutalik, VK (reprint author), Joint BioEnergy Inst, BioFAB, Emeryville, CA USA. EM aparkin@lbl.gov RI Guimaraes, Joao/A-8572-2012; Arkin, Adam/A-6751-2008; Lucks, Julius/L-2801-2016; OI Guimaraes, Joao/0000-0002-1664-472X; Arkin, Adam/0000-0002-4999-2931; Qi, Lei S/0000-0002-3965-3223; Mutalik, Vivek/0000-0001-7934-0400 FU British Petroleum at the Joint BioEnergy Institute [LB08004883]; Synthetic Biology Engineering Research Center under US National Science Foundation [04-570/0540879]; Portuguese Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia [SFRH/BD/47819/2008]; Miller Institute for Basic Scientific Research; Office of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research, of the US Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX The authors would like to thank G. Cambray, E. Gogol, C. Liu and J. Skerker for comments on the manuscript. V. K. M. was supported by British Petroleum under contract number LB08004883 at the Joint BioEnergy Institute. A. P. A. and L. Q. acknowledge support from the Synthetic Biology Engineering Research Center under US National Science Foundation grant number 04-570/0540879. J. C. G. acknowledges financial support by the Portuguese Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia (SFRH/BD/47819/2008). J. B. L. acknowledges the financial support of the Miller Institute for Basic Scientific Research. This work conducted by the Joint BioEnergy Institute was supported by the Office of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research, of the US Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. NR 50 TC 77 Z9 77 U1 0 U2 43 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 1552-4450 J9 NAT CHEM BIOL JI Nat. Chem. Biol. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 8 IS 5 BP 447 EP 454 DI 10.1038/NCHEMBIO.919 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 928DY UT WOS:000302962500011 PM 22446835 ER PT J AU Hull, JF Himeda, Y Wang, WH Hashiguchi, B Periana, R Szalda, DJ Muckerman, JT Fujita, E AF Hull, Jonathan F. Himeda, Yuichiro Wang, Wan-Hui Hashiguchi, Brian Periana, Roy Szalda, David J. Muckerman, James T. Fujita, Etsuko TI Reversible hydrogen storage using CO2 and a proton-switchable iridium catalyst in aqueous media under mild temperatures and pressures SO NATURE CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID TRANSITION-METAL COMPLEXES; FORMIC-ACID DECOMPOSITION; CARBON-DIOXIDE; HOMOGENEOUS HYDROGENATION; RUTHENIUM COMPLEXES; WATER SOLUBILITY; BASE-EQUILIBRIUM; IRON CATALYST; H-2 OXIDATION; GENERATION AB Green plants convert CO2 to sugar for energy storage via photosynthesis. We report a novel catalyst that uses CO2 and hydrogen to store energy in formic acid. Using a homogeneous iridium catalyst with a proton-responsive ligand, we show the first reversible and recyclable hydrogen storage system that operates under mild conditions using CO2, formate and formic acid. This system is energy-efficient and green because it operates near ambient conditions, uses water as a solvent, produces high-pressure CO-free hydrogen, and uses pH to control hydrogen production or consumption. The extraordinary and switchable catalytic activity is attributed to the multifunctional ligand, which acts as a proton-relay and strong pi-donor, and is rationalized by theoretical and experimental studies. C1 [Hull, Jonathan F.; Muckerman, James T.; Fujita, Etsuko] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Himeda, Yuichiro; Wang, Wan-Hui] Natl Inst Adv Ind Sci & Technol, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058565, Japan. [Hashiguchi, Brian; Periana, Roy] Scripps Res Inst, Jupiter, FL 33458 USA. [Szalda, David J.] CUNY, Baruch Coll, Dept Nat Sci, New York, NY 10010 USA. RP Hull, JF (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM hull@bnl.gov; himeda.y@aist.go.jp; fujita@bnl.gov RI Muckerman, James/D-8752-2013; Fujita, Etsuko/D-8814-2013; Himeda, Yuichiro/E-8613-2014; Wang, Wan-Hui/J-8773-2012 OI Wang, Wan-Hui/0000-0002-5943-4589 FU US Department of Energy and its Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, & Biosciences, Office of Basic Energy Sciences; Japanese Ministry of Economy, Trade, and Industry; CCHF [DE-SC0001298]; US Department of Energy; [DE-AC02-98CH10886] FX The work at Brookhaven National Laboratory is funded under contract DE-AC02-98CH10886 with the US Department of Energy and supported by its Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, & Biosciences, Office of Basic Energy Sciences. J.F.H. acknowledges support as a BNL Goldhaber Distinguished Fellow. Y.H. acknowledges support from the Japanese Ministry of Economy, Trade, and Industry. R.P. and B.H. were supported by the CCHF 101 (grant no. DE-SC0001298). NR 66 TC 301 Z9 302 U1 22 U2 372 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 1755-4330 EI 1755-4349 J9 NAT CHEM JI Nat. Chem. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 4 IS 5 BP 383 EP 388 DI 10.1038/NCHEM.1295 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 930BF UT WOS:000303109700013 PM 22522258 ER PT J AU Schlau-Cohen, GS Ishizaki, A Calhoun, TR Ginsberg, NS Ballottari, M Bassi, R Fleming, GR AF Schlau-Cohen, Gabriela S. Ishizaki, Akihito Calhoun, Tessa R. Ginsberg, Naomi S. Ballottari, Matteo Bassi, Roberto Fleming, Graham R. TI Elucidation of the timescales and origins of quantum electronic coherence in LHCII SO NATURE CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID LIGHT-HARVESTING COMPLEX; 2-DIMENSIONAL FEMTOSECOND SPECTROSCOPY; ENERGY-TRANSFER; IR-SPECTROSCOPY; PHYSIOLOGICAL TEMPERATURE; PHOTOSYSTEM-II; PHOTOSYNTHESIS; RESOLUTION; DYNAMICS; SPINACH AB Photosynthetic organisms harvest sunlight with near unity quantum efficiency. The complexity of the electronic structure and energy transfer pathways within networks of photosynthetic pigment-protein complexes often obscures the mechanisms behind the efficient light-absorption-to-charge conversion process. Recent experiments, particularly using two-dimensional spectroscopy, have detected long-lived quantum coherence, which theory suggests may contribute to the effectiveness of photosynthetic energy transfer. Here, we present a new, direct method to access coherence signals: a coherence-specific polarization sequence, which isolates the excitonic coherence features from the population signals that usually dominate two-dimensional spectra. With this polarization sequence, we elucidate coherent dynamics and determine the overall measurable lifetime of excitonic coherence in the major light-harvesting complex of photosystem II. Coherence decays on two distinct timescales of 47 fs and similar to 800 fs. We present theoretical calculations to show that these two timescales are from weakly and moderately strongly coupled pigments, respectively. C1 [Schlau-Cohen, Gabriela S.; Ishizaki, Akihito; Calhoun, Tessa R.; Ginsberg, Naomi S.; Fleming, Graham R.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Schlau-Cohen, Gabriela S.; Ishizaki, Akihito; Calhoun, Tessa R.; Ginsberg, Naomi S.; Fleming, Graham R.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Ballottari, Matteo; Bassi, Roberto] Univ Verona, Fac Sci, Dipartimento Biotecnol, I-37134 Verona, Italy. RP Fleming, GR (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM grfleming@lbl.gov RI Ishizaki, Akihito/A-7069-2010; OI Ishizaki, Akihito/0000-0002-0246-4461; Ballottari, Matteo/0000-0001-8410-3397; bassi, roberto/0000-0002-4140-8446 FU Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the US Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences, Office of Basic Energy Sciences of the US Department of Energy (at LBNL and University of California, Berkeley) [DE-AC03-76SF000098]; EU [PITN-GA-2009-238017 HARVEST, 245070 FP7-KBBE-2009-3SUNBIOPATH]; A.A.U.W.; LBNL FX This work was supported by the Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the US Department of Energy (contract DE-AC02-05CH11231) and the Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences, Office of Basic Energy Sciences of the US Department of Energy (grant DE-AC03-76SF000098) (at LBNL and University of California, Berkeley). R.B. and M.B. acknowledge EU project PITN-GA-2009-238017 HARVEST and EU project 245070 FP7-KBBE-2009-3SUNBIOPATH. G.S.S.-C. thanks the A.A.U.W. American Fellowship and N.S.G. thanks the LBNL Glenn T. Seaborg postdoctoral fellowship for support. NR 52 TC 82 Z9 83 U1 7 U2 103 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 1755-4330 J9 NAT CHEM JI Nat. Chem. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 4 IS 5 BP 389 EP 395 DI 10.1038/NCHEM.1303 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 930BF UT WOS:000303109700014 PM 22522259 ER PT J AU Liu, HL Shi, X Xu, FF Zhang, LL Zhang, WQ Chen, LD Li, Q Uher, C Day, T Snyder, GJ AF Liu, Huili Shi, Xun Xu, Fangfang Zhang, Linlin Zhang, Wenqing Chen, Lidong Li, Qiang Uher, Ctirad Day, Tristan Snyder, G. Jeffrey TI Copper ion liquid-like thermoelectrics SO NATURE MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID PHASE-TRANSITIONS; DIFFRACTION; PERFORMANCE; MERIT; CONDUCTIVITY; ENHANCEMENT; EFFICIENCY; DISTORTION; CRYSTALS; DYNAMICS AB Advanced thermoelectric technology offers a potential for converting waste industrial heat into useful electricity, and an emission-free method for solid state cooling(1,2). Worldwide efforts to find materials with thermoelectric figure of merit, zT values significantly above unity, are frequently focused on crystalline semiconductors with low thermal conductivity(2). Here we report on Cu2-xSe, which reaches a zT of 1.5 at 1,000 K, among the highest values for any bulk materials. Whereas the Se atoms in Cu2-xSe form a rigid face-centred cubic lattice, providing a crystalline pathway for semiconducting electrons (or more precisely holes), the copper ions are highly disordered around the Se sublattice and are superionic with liquid-like mobility. This extraordinary 'liquid-like' behaviour of copper ions around a crystalline sublattice of Se in Cu2-xSe results in an intrinsically very low lattice thermal conductivity which enables high zT in this otherwise simple semiconductor. This unusual combination of properties leads to an ideal thermoelectric material. The results indicate a new strategy and direction for high-efficiency thermoelectric materials by exploring systems where there exists a crystalline sublattice for electronic conduction surrounded by liquid-like ions. C1 [Liu, Huili; Shi, Xun; Chen, Lidong] Chinese Acad Sci, CAS Key Lab Energy Convers Mat, Shanghai Inst Ceram, Shanghai 200050, Peoples R China. [Liu, Huili] Chinese Acad Sci, Grad Univ, Beijing 100049, Peoples R China. [Shi, Xun; Xu, Fangfang; Zhang, Linlin; Zhang, Wenqing] Chinese Acad Sci, State Key Lab High Performance Ceram & Superfine, Shanghai Inst Ceram, Shanghai 200050, Peoples R China. [Li, Qiang] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Phys & Mat Sci Dept, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Uher, Ctirad] Univ Michigan, Dept Phys, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Day, Tristan; Snyder, G. Jeffrey] CALTECH, Dept Mat Sci, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. RP Shi, X (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, CAS Key Lab Energy Convers Mat, Shanghai Inst Ceram, Shanghai 200050, Peoples R China. EM xshi@mail.sic.ac.cn; cld@mail.sic.ac.cn RI Chen, Lidong/F-2705-2010; shi, xun/B-4499-2009; Zhang, Wenqing/K-1236-2012; Snyder, G. Jeffrey/E-4453-2011; Snyder, G/I-2263-2015; Liu, Huili/F-5148-2017; Liu, Huili/B-7230-2012 OI shi, xun/0000-0002-3806-0303; Snyder, G. Jeffrey/0000-0003-1414-8682; Liu, Huili/0000-0001-8959-0315 FU National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) [51121064, 50825205]; Shanghai Science and Technology Commission [11PJ1410200, 09XD1404400]; CAS/SAFEA; National Basic Research Program of China (973 program) [2009CB939904]; NSFC [60936001]; Center for Solar and Thermal Energy Conversion Research Center; Department of Energy (DOE) [DE-SC00000957]; AFOSR-MURI; USDOE, Office of Basic Energy Science, Materials Sciences and Engineering Division [DEAC0298CH10886] FX This work is in part supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) Grants (51121064 and 50825205) , Shanghai Science and Technology Commission (Pujiang Program with No. 11PJ1410200 and Program of Shanghai Subject Chief Scientist with No. 09XD1404400) , and CAS/SAFEA International Partnership Program for Creative Research Teams. F. X. wishes to acknowledge the support of the National Basic Research Program of China (973 program) under Project 2009CB939904 and NSFC Grants (60936001) . C. U. wishes to acknowledge the support of the Center for Solar and Thermal Energy Conversion Research Center funded by the Department of Energy (DOE) under No. DE-SC00000957. G.J.S. acknowledges support from AFOSR-MURI. Q. L. acknowledges support from the USDOE, Office of Basic Energy Science, Materials Sciences and Engineering Division, under contract no. DEAC0298CH10886. NR 33 TC 367 Z9 371 U1 52 U2 440 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 1476-1122 EI 1476-4660 J9 NAT MATER JI Nat. Mater. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 11 IS 5 BP 422 EP 425 DI 10.1038/NMAT3273 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Physics GA 930AU UT WOS:000303108500019 PM 22406814 ER PT J AU Dobrowolska, M Tivakornsasithorn, K Liu, X Furdyna, JK Berciu, M Yu, KM Walukiewicz, W AF Dobrowolska, M. Tivakornsasithorn, K. Liu, X. Furdyna, J. K. Berciu, M. Yu, K. M. Walukiewicz, W. TI Controlling the Curie temperature in (Ga,Mn) As through location of the Fermi level within the impurity band SO NATURE MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID MAGNETIC SEMICONDUCTORS; FERROMAGNETIC SEMICONDUCTORS; GA1-XMNXAS; (GA,MN)AS; GAMNAS AB The ferromagnetic semiconductor (Ga,Mn) As has emerged as the most studied material for prototype applications in semiconductor spintronics. Because ferromagnetism in (Ga, Mn) As is hole-mediated, the nature of the hole states has direct and crucial bearing on its Curie temperature T-C. It is vigorously debated, however, whether holes in (Ga, Mn) As reside in the valence band or in an impurity band. Here we combine results of channelling experiments, which measure the concentrations both of Mn ions and of holes relevant to the ferromagnetic order, with magnetization, transport, and magneto-optical data to address this issue. Taken together, these measurements provide strong evidence that it is the location of the Fermi level within the impurity band that determines T-C through determining the degree of hole localization. This finding differs drastically from the often accepted view that T-C is controlled by valence band holes, thus opening new avenues for achieving higher values of T-C. C1 [Dobrowolska, M.; Tivakornsasithorn, K.; Liu, X.; Furdyna, J. K.] Univ Notre Dame, Dept Phys, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. [Berciu, M.] Univ British Columbia, Dept Phys & Astron, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada. [Yu, K. M.; Walukiewicz, W.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Dobrowolska, M (reprint author), Univ Notre Dame, Dept Phys, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. EM mdobrowo@nd.edu RI Yu, Kin Man/J-1399-2012; Berciu, Mona/O-4889-2014 OI Yu, Kin Man/0000-0003-1350-9642; FU National Science Foundation [DMR 10-05851]; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC); Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR); Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Sciences and Engineering Division, of the US Department of Energy [DE - AC02-05CH11231] FX K.T. thanks Y-Y. Zhou for her help with the MCD set-up and sample preparation. This work was supported by the National Science Foundation Grant DMR 10-05851; by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) and the Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR) and by the Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Sciences and Engineering Division, of the US Department of Energy under Contract No. DE - AC02-05CH11231. NR 44 TC 91 Z9 93 U1 4 U2 58 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 1476-1122 EI 1476-4660 J9 NAT MATER JI Nat. Mater. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 11 IS 5 BP 444 EP 449 DI 10.1038/NMAT3250 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Physics GA 930AU UT WOS:000303108500023 PM 22344325 ER PT J AU Wullschleger, SD Weston, DJ AF Wullschleger, Stan D. Weston, David J. TI Modeling the molecular and climatic controls on flowering SO NEW PHYTOLOGIST LA English DT Editorial Material DE flowering; modeling; natural variation; phenology; photoperiod; temperature ID ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA C1 [Wullschleger, Stan D.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Weston, David J.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Wullschleger, SD (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM wullschlegsd@ornl.gov RI Wullschleger, Stan/B-8297-2012 OI Wullschleger, Stan/0000-0002-9869-0446 FU US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Biological and Environmental Research; US Department of Energy [DE-AC05-00OR22725] FX Support provided by the US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Biological and Environmental Research Program. Oak Ridge National Laboratory is managed by UT-Battelle, LLC, for the US Department of Energy under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725. NR 11 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 13 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0028-646X EI 1469-8137 J9 NEW PHYTOL JI New Phytol. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 194 IS 3 BP 599 EP 601 DI 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2012.04142.x PG 3 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 923KS UT WOS:000302618800001 PM 22489899 ER PT J AU Niu, SL Luo, YQ Fei, SF Yuan, WP Schimel, D Law, BE Ammann, C Arain, MA Arneth, A Aubinet, M Barr, A Beringer, J Bernhofer, C Black, TA Buchmann, N Cescatti, A Chen, JQ Davis, KJ Dellwik, E Desai, AR Etzold, S Francois, L Gianelle, D Gielen, B Goldstein, A Groenendijk, M Gu, LH Hanan, N Helfter, C Hirano, T Hollinger, DY Jones, MB Kiely, G Kolb, TE Kutsch, WL Lafleur, P Lawrence, DM Li, LH Lindroth, A Litvak, M Loustau, D Lund, M Marek, M Martin, TA Matteucci, G Migliavacca, M Montagnani, L Moors, E Munger, JW Noormets, A Oechel, W Olejnik, J Kyaw, TPU Pilegaard, K Rambal, S Raschi, A Scott, RL Seufert, G Spano, D Stoy, P Sutton, MA Varlagin, A Vesala, T Weng, ES Wohlfahrt, G Yang, B Zhang, ZD Zhou, XH AF Niu, Shuli Luo, Yiqi Fei, Shenfeng Yuan, Wenping Schimel, David Law, Beverly E. Ammann, Christof Arain, M. Altaf Arneth, Almut Aubinet, Marc Barr, Alan Beringer, Jason Bernhofer, Christian Black, T. Andrew Buchmann, Nina Cescatti, Alessandro Chen, Jiquan Davis, Kenneth J. Dellwik, Ebba Desai, Ankur R. Etzold, Sophia Francois, Louis Gianelle, Damiano Gielen, Bert Goldstein, Allen Groenendijk, Margriet Gu, Lianhong Hanan, Niall Helfter, Carole Hirano, Takashi Hollinger, David Y. Jones, Mike B. Kiely, Gerard Kolb, Thomas E. Kutsch, Werner L. Lafleur, Peter Lawrence, David M. Li, Linghao Lindroth, Anders Litvak, Marcy Loustau, Denis Lund, Magnus Marek, Michal Martin, Timothy A. Matteucci, Giorgio Migliavacca, Mirco Montagnani, Leonardo Moors, Eddy Munger, J. William Noormets, Asko Oechel, Walter Olejnik, Janusz Kyaw Tha Paw U Pilegaard, Kim Rambal, Serge Raschi, Antonio Scott, Russell L. Seufert, Guenther Spano, Donatella Stoy, Paul Sutton, Mark A. Varlagin, Andrej Vesala, Timo Weng, Ensheng Wohlfahrt, Georg Yang, Bai Zhang, Zhongda Zhou, Xuhui TI Thermal optimality of net ecosystem exchange of carbon dioxide and underlying mechanisms SO NEW PHYTOLOGIST LA English DT Article DE climate change; optimum temperature; temperature acclimation; temperature adaptation; thermal optimality ID TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENCE; SOIL RESPIRATION; EUROPEAN FORESTS; CYCLE FEEDBACK; PONDEROSA PINE; CO2 FLUXES; CLIMATE; PHOTOSYNTHESIS; ACCLIMATION; RESPONSES AB It is well established that individual organisms can acclimate and adapt to temperature to optimize their functioning. However, thermal optimization of ecosystems, as an assemblage of organisms, has not been examined at broad spatial and temporal scales. Here, we compiled data from 169 globally distributed sites of eddy covariance and quantified the temperature response functions of net ecosystem exchange (NEE), an ecosystem-level property, to determine whether NEE shows thermal optimality and to explore the underlying mechanisms. We found that the temperature response of NEE followed a peak curve, with the optimum temperature (corresponding to the maximum magnitude of NEE) being positively correlated with annual mean temperature over years and across sites. Shifts of the optimum temperature of NEE were mostly a result of temperature acclimation of gross primary productivity (upward shift of optimum temperature) rather than changes in the temperature sensitivity of ecosystem respiration. Ecosystem-level thermal optimality is a newly revealed ecosystem property, presumably reflecting associated evolutionary adaptation of organisms within ecosystems, and has the potential to significantly regulate ecosystemclimate change feedbacks. The thermal optimality of NEE has implications for understanding fundamental properties of ecosystems in changing environments and benchmarking global models. C1 [Niu, Shuli; Luo, Yiqi; Fei, Shenfeng; Weng, Ensheng; Zhang, Zhongda] Univ Oklahoma, Dept Bot & Microbiol, Norman, OK 73019 USA. [Luo, Yiqi; Zhou, Xuhui] Fudan Univ, Inst Global Environm Change Res, Shanghai 200433, Peoples R China. [Yuan, Wenping] Beijing Normal Univ, Coll Global Change & Earth Syst Sci, Beijing 100875, Peoples R China. [Schimel, David] NEON Inc, Boulder, CO 80301 USA. [Law, Beverly E.] Oregon State Univ, Coll Forestry, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Ammann, Christof] Fed Res Stn Agroscope Reckenholz Tanikon, CH-8046 Zurich, Switzerland. [Arain, M. Altaf] McMaster Univ, Sch Geog & Earth Sci, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada. [Arneth, Almut; Lindroth, Anders; Lund, Magnus] Lund Univ, Dept Phys Geog & Ecosyst Anal, S-22362 Lund, Sweden. [Arneth, Almut] Karlsruhe Inst Technol, Inst Meteorol & Climate Res, Karlsruhe, Germany. [Aubinet, Marc] Fac Univ Sci Agronom Gembloux, Unite Phys Biosyst, B-5030 Gembloux, Belgium. [Barr, Alan] Environm Canada, Div Climate Res, Saskatoon, SK S7N 3H5, Canada. [Beringer, Jason] Monash Univ, Sch Geog & Environm Sci, Clayton, Vic 3800, Australia. [Bernhofer, Christian] Tech Univ Dresden, Inst Hydrol & Meteorol, Chair Meteorol, D-01062 Dresden, Germany. [Black, T. Andrew] Univ British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada. [Buchmann, Nina; Etzold, Sophia] ETH, Inst Plant Sci, CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland. [Cescatti, Alessandro; Migliavacca, Mirco; Seufert, Guenther] European Commiss, Joint Res Ctr, Inst Environm & Sustainabil, Ispra, Italy. [Chen, Jiquan] Univ Toledo, Dept Environm Sci, Toledo, OH 43606 USA. [Davis, Kenneth J.] Penn State Univ, Ctr Earth Syst Sci, State Coll, PA 16802 USA. [Dellwik, Ebba] Tech Univ Denmark, Riso Natl Lab Sustainable Energy, Wind Energy Div, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark. [Desai, Ankur R.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Francois, Louis] Univ Liege, UMCCB, B-4000 Liege, Belgium. [Gianelle, Damiano] Fdn Edmund Mach, IASMA Res & Innovat Ctr, Sustainable Agro Ecosyst & Bioresources Dept, I-38010 San Michele All Adige, TN, Italy. [Gielen, Bert] Univ Antwerp, Dept Biol, B-2610 Antwerp, Belgium. [Goldstein, Allen] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Environm Sci Policy & Management, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Groenendijk, Margriet] Vrije Univ Amsterdam, Fac Earth & Life Sci, Dept Earth Sci, NL-1081 HV Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Gu, Lianhong; Yang, Bai] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Hanan, Niall] S Dakota State Univ, Geog Informat Sci Ctr Excellence GIScCE, Brookings, SD 57007 USA. [Helfter, Carole] CEH, Penicuik EH26 0QB, Midlothian, Scotland. [Hirano, Takashi] Hokkaido Univ N9, Kita Ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 0608589, Japan. [Hollinger, David Y.; Sutton, Mark A.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Jones, Mike B.] Trinity Coll Dublin, Dept Bot, Dublin, Ireland. [Kiely, Gerard] Natl Univ Ireland Univ Coll Cork, Civil & Environm Engn Dept, Cork, Ireland. [Kolb, Thomas E.] No Arizona Univ, Sch Forestry, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. [Kutsch, Werner L.] Johann Heinrich von Thunen Inst vTI, Inst Climate Res, Braunschweig, Germany. [Lafleur, Peter] Trent Univ, Dept Geog, Peterborough, ON K9J 7B8, Canada. [Lawrence, David M.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80305 USA. [Li, Linghao] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Bot, State Key Lab Vegetat & Environm Changes, Beijing 100864, Peoples R China. [Litvak, Marcy] Univ New Mexico, Dept Biol, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [Loustau, Denis] INRA, EPHYSE UR1263, F-33140 Villenave Dornon, France. [Marek, Michal] Acad Sci Czech Republic, Inst Syst Biol & Ecol, CZ-60300 Brno, Czech Republic. [Martin, Timothy A.] Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Matteucci, Giorgio] CNR, Inst Agroenvironm & Forest Biol, I-00015 Monterotondo, RM, Italy. [Montagnani, Leonardo] Agenzia Ambiente, Serv Forestali, I-39100 Bolzano, Provincia Auton, Italy. [Montagnani, Leonardo] Free Univ Bolzano, Fac Sci & Technol, I-39100 Bolzano, Italy. [Moors, Eddy] Wageningen UR, ESS CC, NL-6700 AA Wageningen, Netherlands. [Munger, J. William] Harvard Univ, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Noormets, Asko] N Carolina State Univ, US Forest Serv, USDA, So Global Change Program, Raleigh, NC 27606 USA. [Oechel, Walter] San Diego State Univ, Dept Biol, San Diego, CA 92182 USA. [Olejnik, Janusz] PULS, Dept Meteorol, PL-60667 Poznan, Poland. [Kyaw Tha Paw U] Univ Calif Davis, LAWR, Atmospher Sci Grp, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Pilegaard, Kim] Tech Univ Denmark, Riso Natl Lab Sustainable Energy, Biosyst Div, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark. [Rambal, Serge] CNRS, DREAM, CEFE, UMR5175, F-34293 Montpellier 5, France. [Raschi, Antonio] CNR Inst Biometeorol IBIMET, I-50145 Florence, Italy. [Scott, Russell L.] ARS, USDA, SW Watershed Res Ctr, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. [Spano, Donatella] Univ Sassari, Dept Econ & Woody Plant Ecosyst, I-07100 Sassari, Italy. [Stoy, Paul] Montana State Univ, Dept Land Resources & Environm Sci, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. [Varlagin, Andrej] Russian Acad Sci, AN Severtsov Inst Ecol & Evolut, Moscow 119071, Russia. [Vesala, Timo] Univ Helsinki, Dept Phys, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland. [Wohlfahrt, Georg] Univ Innsbruck, Inst Ecol, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria. RP Niu, SL (reprint author), Univ Oklahoma, Dept Bot & Microbiol, Norman, OK 73019 USA. EM sniu@ou.edu RI Munger, J/H-4502-2013; li, wenchao/S-5567-2016; Gu, Lianhong/H-8241-2014; Vesala, Timo/C-3795-2017; Beringer, Jason/B-8528-2008; Law, Beverly/G-3882-2010; Lund, Magnus/J-4922-2013; Goldstein, Allen/A-6857-2011; Oechel, Walter/F-9361-2010; Lindroth, Anders/N-4697-2014; Wohlfahrt, Georg/D-2409-2009; Marek, Michal V./D-4383-2014; Desai, Ankur/A-5899-2008; Gianelle, Damiano/G-9437-2011; Barr, Alan/H-9939-2014; Seufert, Gunther/J-9918-2013; Zhou, Xuhui/H-4332-2011; Matteucci, Giorgio/N-3526-2015; Montagnani, Leonardo/F-1837-2016; Sutton, Mark/K-2700-2012; Buchmann, Nina/E-6095-2011; Arneth, Almut/B-2702-2013; Hirano, Takashi/A-4557-2012; Lawrence, David/C-4026-2011; Pilegaard, Kim/I-7137-2013; Chen, Jiquan/D-1955-2009; Weng, Ensheng/E-4390-2012; Hollinger, David/G-7185-2012; Migliavacca, mirco/C-1260-2011; Moors, Eddy/J-5165-2012; Yuan, Wu/E-8847-2010; Kiely, Gerard/I-8158-2013; OI Munger, J/0000-0002-1042-8452; Gu, Lianhong/0000-0001-5756-8738; Vesala, Timo/0000-0002-4852-7464; Beringer, Jason/0000-0002-4619-8361; Law, Beverly/0000-0002-1605-1203; rambal, serge/0000-0001-5869-8382; Arain, M. Altaf/0000-0002-1433-5173; Noormets, Asko/0000-0003-2221-2111; Kiely, Gerard/0000-0003-2189-6427; Martin, Timothy/0000-0002-7872-4194; Lund, Magnus/0000-0003-1622-2305; Goldstein, Allen/0000-0003-4014-4896; Oechel, Walter/0000-0002-3504-026X; Lindroth, Anders/0000-0002-7669-784X; Wohlfahrt, Georg/0000-0003-3080-6702; Desai, Ankur/0000-0002-5226-6041; Gianelle, Damiano/0000-0001-7697-5793; Seufert, Gunther/0000-0002-6019-6688; Matteucci, Giorgio/0000-0002-4790-9540; Montagnani, Leonardo/0000-0003-2957-9071; Lawrence, David/0000-0002-2968-3023; Pilegaard, Kim/0000-0002-5169-5717; Weng, Ensheng/0000-0002-1858-4847; Moors, Eddy/0000-0003-2309-2887; Hanan, Niall/0000-0002-9130-5306; Varlagin, Andrej/0000-0002-2549-5236 FU Office of Science, US Department of Energy [DE-FG02-006ER64317]; US National Science Foundation (NSF) [DEB 0444518, DEB 0743778, DEB 0840964, DBI 0850290, EPS 0919466]; CFCAS; NSERC; BIOCAP; Environment Canada; NRCan; Office of Science US Department of Energy for AmeriFlux; CarboEuropeIP; FAP-GTOS-TCO; iLEAPS; NitroEurope; Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry; National Science Foundation; University of Tuscia; Universite Laval and Environment Canada FX This work was financially supported by the Terrestrial Carbon Program at the Office of Science, US Department of Energy, grants DE-FG02-006ER64317 and the US National Science Foundation (NSF), grant DEB 0444518, DEB 0743778, DEB 0840964, DBI 0850290, and EPS 0919466 to Y.L. We used the eddy covariance data acquired by the FLUXNET community and, in particular, by the following networks: AmeriFlux (US Department of Energy, Biological and Environmental Research, Terrestrial Carbon Program (DE-FG02-04ER63917 and DE-FG02-04ER63911)), GHG-Europe, Fluxnet-Canada Research Network and Canadian Carbon Program (supported by CFCAS, NSERC, BIOCAP, Environment Canada, and NRCan), GreenGrass, KoFlux, LBA, NECC, OzFlux, TCOS-Siberia, and USCCC. We acknowledge the financial support to the eddy covariance data harmonization provided by the Office of Science US Department of Energy for AmeriFlux, CarboEuropeIP, FAP-GTOS-TCO, iLEAPS, NitroEurope, Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, National Science Foundation, University of Tuscia, Universite Laval and Environment Canada, and database development and technical support from the Berkeley Water Center, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, and Microsoft Research eScience. NR 42 TC 27 Z9 28 U1 3 U2 139 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0028-646X J9 NEW PHYTOL JI New Phytol. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 194 IS 3 BP 775 EP 783 DI 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2012.04095.x PG 9 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 923KS UT WOS:000302618800019 PM 22404566 ER PT J AU Neary, VS AF Neary, V. S. TI BINARY FISH PASSAGE MODELS FOR UNIFORM AND NONUNIFORM FLOWS SO RIVER RESEARCH AND APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE fish passage; velocity barriers; swimming performance; time-to-fatigue ID SWIMMING PERFORMANCE; VELOCITY BARRIERS; SMALLMOUTH BASS; SPEED; METABOLISM; BEHAVIOR; TESTS AB Binary fish passage models are considered by many fisheries' managers to be the best available practice for culvert inventory assessments and for fishway design. Misunderstandings between different passage-modelling approaches often arise, however, because of the absence of a formal comparison between the different approaches that include detailed derivations with consistent terminology and example applications. In this paper, one-dimensional binary fish passage models were reviewed, and derivations from basic principles were provided for clarification. For uniform flow, a simple exhaustion-threshold (ET) model equation was derived that predicts the flow velocity threshold in a fishway that causes exhaustion at a given maximum distance of ascent if a fish swims at the optimal ground speed. Velocities at or above the threshold predict failure to pass (exclusion). Velocities below the threshold predict passage. The ET model was therefore intuitive and easily applied to predict passage or exclusion. It was also shown to be consistent with the ascent-distance (AD) model that shows that fish must adopt an optimal ground speed to maximize AD. The limitation of passage models to uniform flow was addressed by deriving a general model framework for passage that accounts for nonuniform flow conditions more commonly found in the field, including backwater and drawdown water-surface profiles. Comparison of these models with experimental observations of volitional passage for top-performing western mosquitofish Gambusia affinis indicates reasonable prediction of binary outcomes (passage or exclusion) if the flow velocity is not near the threshold flow velocity. More research is needed on fish behaviour, passage strategies under nonuniform flow regimes and stochastic methods that account for individual differences in swimming performance. Future experiments should track and measure ground speeds of ascending fish to test passage strategies and to improve model predictions. Stochastic models, such as Monte-Carlo techniques, that account for different passage performance among individuals and allow prediction of the percentage of fish passing are needed to improve fish passage prediction. Published in 2011 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Neary, VS (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM nearyvs@ornl.gov FU Leverhulme Foundation FX The Leverhulme Foundation provided the funding for the workshops organized and chaired by Dr. Paul Kemp, which provided excellent opportunities to exchange ideas and thoughts with colleagues working to bridge the gap between fish behaviour and hydraulics. Dr. Ted Castro-Santos of the Conte Andronomous Fish Lab, US Geological Survey, provided a thoughtful review of this manuscript and helped clarify his contributions to fish passage modelling. This manuscript was also greatly improved by helpful suggestions provided by an anonymous reviewer, colleagues at Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Dr. Glenn Cada and Dr. Peter Schweizer, and Dr. Paul Kemp. NR 28 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 3 U2 23 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1535-1459 J9 RIVER RES APPL JI River Res. Appl. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 28 IS 4 SI SI BP 418 EP 428 DI 10.1002/rra.1564 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA 927UY UT WOS:000302937000003 ER PT J AU Lacey, RWJ Neary, VS Liao, JC Enders, EC Tritico, HM AF Lacey, R. W. Jay Neary, Vincent S. Liao, James C. Enders, Eva C. Tritico, Hans M. TI THE IPOS FRAMEWORK: LINKING FISH SWIMMING PERFORMANCE IN ALTERED FLOWS FROM LABORATORY EXPERIMENTS TO RIVERS SO RIVER RESEARCH AND APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE turbulence in rivers; fishes; IPOS; swimming performance; vorticity ID TURBULENT-BOUNDARY-LAYER; JUVENILE ATLANTIC SALMON; PARTICLE IMAGE VELOCIMETRY; GRAVEL-BED RIVERS; RAINBOW-TROUT; VORTEX STREET; CYLINDER WAKE; BROWN TROUT; KARMAN GAIT; SHEAR-LAYER AB The current understanding of the effects of turbulence on the swimming performance of fish is primarily derived from laboratory experiments under pressurised flow swim tunnels and open-channel flow facilities. These studies have produced valuable information on the swimming mechanics and behaviour of fish in turbulent flow. However, laboratory studies have limited representation of the flows fish experience in nature. The flow structure in rivers is imparted primarily by the highly heterogeneous nonuniform bed, and the flow is generally much more complex than in laboratory experiments. The goal of the current work is to direct future laboratory and field studies to adopt a common framework that will shape the integration of both approaches. This article outlines four characteristics of turbulent flow, which we suggest should be evaluated when generalising results from fish turbulent studies in both the laboratory and the field. The framework is based on four turbulence characteristics that are summarised under the acronym IPOS: intensity, periodicity, orientation and scale. Copyright (C) 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 [Lacey, R. W. Jay] Univ Sherbrooke, Dept Civil Engn, Sherbrooke, PQ J1K 2R1, Canada. [Neary, Vincent S.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Liao, James C.] Univ Florida Gainesville, Dept Biol, Whitney Lab Marine Biosci, St Augustine, FL 32080 USA. [Enders, Eva C.] Fisheries & Oceans Canada, Inst Freshwater, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N6, Canada. [Tritico, Hans M.] Youngstown State Univ, Dept Civil Environm & Chem Engn, Youngstown, OH 44555 USA. RP Lacey, RWJ (reprint author), Univ Sherbrooke, Dept Civil Engn, 2500 Boul Univ, Sherbrooke, PQ J1K 2R1, Canada. EM Jay.Lacey@USherbrooke.ca NR 91 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 4 U2 27 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1535-1459 EI 1535-1467 J9 RIVER RES APPL JI River Res. Appl. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 28 IS 4 SI SI BP 429 EP 443 DI 10.1002/rra.1584 PG 15 WC Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA 927UY UT WOS:000302937000004 ER PT J AU Zhao, Y Liu, HH AF Zhao, Yu Liu, Hui-Hai TI An Elastic Stress-Strain Relationship for Porous Rock Under Anisotropic Stress Conditions SO ROCK MECHANICS AND ROCK ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE Constitutive relationship; Coupled hydromechanical processes; Stress-dependent properties; Anisotropic stress conditions ID MECHANICAL-BEHAVIOR; PRESSURE; CRACKS; SANDSTONE; MODULI AB A stress-strain relationship within porous rock under anisotropic stress conditions is required for modeling coupled hydromechanical processes associated with a number of practical applications. In this study, a three-dimensional stress-strain relationship is proposed for porous rock under elastic and anisotropic stress conditions. This relationship is a macroscopic-scale approximation that uses a natural-strain-based Hooke's law to describe deformation within a fraction of pores and an engineering-strain-based Hooke's law to describe deformation within the other part. This new relationship is evaluated using data from a number of uniaxial and triaxial tests published in the literature. Based on this new stress-strain relationship, we also develop constitutive relationships among stress, strain, and related stress-dependent hydraulic/mechanical properties (such as compressibility, shear modulus, and porosity). These relationships are demonstrated to be consistent with experimental observations. C1 [Liu, Hui-Hai] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Zhao, Yu] Chongqing Univ, Coll Civil Engn, Chongqing 630044, Peoples R China. RP Liu, HH (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM hhliu@lbl.gov FU DOE [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; New Century Excellent Talent Foundation from the Ministry of Education of China [NCET-09-0844] FX The original version of this paper is reviewed by Drs. Daniel Hawkes and Lianchong Li at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. Their constructive comments are appreciated. We also thank Prof. Giovanni Barla and the two anonymous reviewers for their comments. This work was funded by and conducted for the Used Fuel Disposition Campaign under DOE Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. The first author was also funded by the New Century Excellent Talent Foundation from the Ministry of Education of China (NCET-09-0844). NR 24 TC 8 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 11 PU SPRINGER WIEN PI WIEN PA SACHSENPLATZ 4-6, PO BOX 89, A-1201 WIEN, AUSTRIA SN 0723-2632 J9 ROCK MECH ROCK ENG JI Rock Mech. Rock Eng. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 45 IS 3 BP 389 EP 399 DI 10.1007/s00603-011-0193-y PG 11 WC Engineering, Geological; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Geology GA 926DO UT WOS:000302811700009 ER PT J AU Srivastava, SC AF Srivastava, Suresh C. TI Paving the Way to Personalized Medicine: Production of Some Promising Theragnostic Radionuclides at Brookhaven National Laboratory SO SEMINARS IN NUCLEAR MEDICINE LA English DT Review ID METASTATIC BONE PAIN; NO-CARRIER; EXCITATION-FUNCTIONS; INVIVO BEHAVIOR; RADIOIMMUNOTHERAPY; THERAPY; RADIOPHARMACEUTICALS; AC-225; PHARMACOKINETICS; ACTINIUM-225 AB This article reintroduces and reinforces our proposed paradigm that involves specific individual "dual-purpose" radionuclides or radionuclide pairs with emissions suitable for both imaging and therapy and which, when molecularly (selectively) targeted using appropriate carriers, would allow pretherapy low-dose imaging as well as higher-dose therapy in the same patient. We have made an attempt to sort out and organize a number of such theragnostic radionuclides and radionuclide pairs that may thus potentially bring us closer to the age-long dream of personalized medicine for performing tailored low-dose molecular imaging (single-photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography or positron emission tomography/CT) to provide the necessary pretherapy information on biodistribution, dosimetry, the limiting or critical organ or tissue, the maximum tolerated dose, and so forth, followed by performing higher-dose targeted molecular therapy in the same patient with the same radiopharmaceutical. Beginning in the 1980s, our work at Brookhaven National Laboratory with such a "dual-purpose" radionuclide, tin-117m, convinced us that it is arguably one of the most promising theragnostic radionuclides, and we have continued to concentrate on this effort. Our results with this radionuclide are therefore covered in somewhat greater detail in this publication. A major problem that continues to be addressed, but remains yet to be fully resolved, is the lack of availability, in sufficient quantities, of a majority of the best candidate theragnostic radionuclides in a no-carrier-added form. A brief description of the recently developed new or modified methods at Brookhaven National Laboratory for the production of 5 theragnostic radionuclide/radionuclide pair items, whose nuclear, physical, and chemical characteristics seem to show great promise for personalized cancer and other therapies, is provided. Semin Nucl Med 42:151-163 (C) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Med Isotope Res & Prod Program, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Srivastava, SC (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Med Isotope Res & Prod Program, Bldg 801, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM suresh@bnl.gov FU US Department of Energy (Office of Science/NP Office of Nuclear Physics) at Brookhaven National Laboratory [DE-AC02-98CH10886] FX This work was supported by the US Department of Energy (the previous NE/Office of Isotope Programs, now the Office of Science/NP Office of Nuclear Physics/Isotope Development and Production for Research and Applications Program, and the NNSA NA-24 GIPP Program), under contract number DE-AC02-98CH10886 at Brookhaven National Laboratory. NR 53 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 9 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0001-2998 EI 1558-4623 J9 SEMIN NUCL MED JI Semin. Nucl. Med. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 42 IS 3 BP 151 EP 163 DI 10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2011.12.004 PG 13 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 925JN UT WOS:000302757600003 PM 22475424 ER PT J AU Li, JV Halverson, AF Sulima, OV Bansal, S Burst, JM Barnes, TM Gessert, TA Levi, DH AF Li, Jian V. Halverson, Adam F. Sulima, Oleg V. Bansal, Shubhra Burst, James M. Barnes, Teresa M. Gessert, Timothy A. Levi, Dean H. TI Theoretical analysis of effects of deep level, back contact, and absorber thickness on capacitance-voltage profiling of CdTe thin-film solar cells SO SOLAR ENERGY MATERIALS AND SOLAR CELLS LA English DT Article DE Capacitance-voltage; CdTe; Absorber thickness; Back contact; Deep level AB The apparent carrier density profile measured by the capacitance-voltage technique in CdTe thin-film solar cells frequently displays a distinctive U-shape. We show that, even assuming a uniform carrier density, such a U-shape may arise from deep levels, a non-ohmic back-contact, and a thin absorber, which are commonly present in practical CdTe thin-film solar cells. A thin CdTe absorber contributes to the right branch of the U-shape due to a punch-through effect at reverse or zero biases, when the CdTe absorber is nearly fully depleted. A rectifying back-contact contributes to both branches of the U-shape due to voltage sharing with the front junction under a forward bias and early punch-through under a reverse bias. Deep levels contribute to the right branch, but also raise the bottom of the U-shape, leading to an overestimate of carrier density. (C) 2012 Elsevier By. All rights reserved. C1 [Li, Jian V.; Burst, James M.; Barnes, Teresa M.; Gessert, Timothy A.; Levi, Dean H.] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Halverson, Adam F.; Sulima, Oleg V.] GE Global Res, Niskayuna, NY 12309 USA. [Bansal, Shubhra] US DOE, Washington, DC 20585 USA. RP Li, JV (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. EM jian.li@nrel.gov RI Li, Jian/B-1627-2016 FU US Department of Energy [DE-AC36-08GO28308] FX This research is supported by the US Department of Energy under Contract no. DE-AC36-08GO28308. NR 8 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 2 U2 25 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0927-0248 J9 SOL ENERG MAT SOL C JI Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells PD MAY PY 2012 VL 100 BP 126 EP 131 DI 10.1016/j.solmat.2012.01.003 PG 6 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Physics GA 929AX UT WOS:000303034700018 ER PT J AU Gonis, A Daene, M Nicholson, DM Stocks, GM AF Gonis, A. Daene, M. Nicholson, D. M. Stocks, G. M. TI Computationally simple, analytic, closed form solution of the Coulomb self-interaction problem in Kohn-Sham density functional theory SO SOLID STATE COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article DE Exchange potential; Density functional theory; Self-interaction free; Exact exchange ID APPROXIMATIONS AB We have developed and tested in terms of atomic calculations an exact, analytic and computationally simple procedure for determining the functional derivative of the exchange energy with respect to the density in the implementation of the Kohn-Sham formulation of density functional theory (KS-DFT), providing an analytic, closed-form solution of the self-interaction problem in KS-DFT. We demonstrate the efficacy of our method through ground-state calculations of the exchange potential and energy for atomic He and Be atoms, and comparisons with experiment and the results obtained within the optimized effective potential (DEP) method. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Gonis, A.; Daene, M.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. [Gonis, A.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Phys, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Daene, M.; Stocks, G. M.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Nicholson, D. M.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Comp Sci & Math Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Gonis, A (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 808,L-372, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM gonis1@llnl.gov RI Dane, Markus/H-6731-2013; Stocks, George Malcollm/Q-1251-2016 OI Dane, Markus/0000-0001-9301-8469; Stocks, George Malcollm/0000-0002-9013-260X FU US DOE [DE-AC52-07NA27344]; LLNS, LLC; Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering, Office of Basic Energy Sciences; Center for Defect Physics in Structural Materials (CDP), an Energy Frontier Research Center; US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences FX We gratefully acknowledge comments by X.-G. Zhang, Lin Yang and Per Soderlind. We are deeply indebted to Stefan Kurth for providing the exact exchange only OEP results with which ours could be compared. The work at LLNL was supported by the US DOE under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344 with LLNS, LLC (AG). The research at ORNL was sponsored by the Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering, Office of Basic Energy Sciences (DMN, GMS, MD), and the Center for Defect Physics in Structural Materials (CDP), an Energy Frontier Research Center funded by the US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences (DMN, GMS, MD, AG). NR 20 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 9 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0038-1098 EI 1879-2766 J9 SOLID STATE COMMUN JI Solid State Commun. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 152 IS 9 BP 771 EP 774 DI 10.1016/j.ssc.2012.01.048 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 928JK UT WOS:000302978800006 ER PT J AU Magrini-Bair, KA Jablonski, WS Parent, YO Yung, MM AF Magrini-Bair, Kimberly A. Jablonski, Whitney S. Parent, Yves O. Yung, Matthew M. TI Bench- and Pilot-Scale Studies of Reaction and Regeneration of Ni-Mg-K/Al2O3 for Catalytic Conditioning of Biomass-Derived Syngas SO TOPICS IN CATALYSIS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT AIChE Annual Meeting CY OCT 16-21, 2011 CL Minneapolis, MN DE Reforming; Biomass; Syngas; Ni catalyst; Deactivation; Regeneration ID GAS CLEANING CATALYSTS; STEAM-REFORMING CATALYSTS; POISONED NICKEL-CATALYST; HOT GAS; GASIFICATION GAS; HYDROGEN-SULFIDE; TAR ELIMINATION; SULFUR; REMOVAL; DEACTIVATION AB The National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) is collaborating with both industrial and academic partners to develop technologies to help enable commercialization of biofuels produced from lignocellulosic biomass feedstocks. The focus of this paper is to report how various operating processes, utilized in-house and by collaborators, influence the catalytic activity during conditioning of biomass-derived syngas. Efficient cleaning and conditioning of biomass-derived syngas for use in fuel synthesis continues to be a significant technical barrier to commercialization. Multifunctional, fluidizable catalysts are being developed to reform undesired tars and light hydrocarbons, especially methane, to additional syngas, which can improve utilization of biomass carbon. This approach also eliminates both the need for downstream methane reforming and the production of an aqueous waste stream from tar scrubbing. This work was conducted with NiMgK/Al2O3 catalysts. These catalysts were assessed for methane reforming performance in (i) fixed-bed, bench-scale tests with model syngas simulating that produced by oak gasification, and in pilot-scale, (ii) fluidized tests with actual oak-derived syngas, and (iii) recirculating/regenerating tests using model syngas. Bench-scale tests showed that the catalyst could be completely regenerated over several reforming reaction cycles. Pilot-scale tests using raw syngas showed that the catalyst lost activity from cycle to cycle when it was regenerated, though it was shown that bench-scale regeneration by steam oxidation and H-2 reduction did not cause this deactivation. Characterization by TPR indicates that the loss of a low temperature nickel oxide reduction feature is related to the catalyst deactivation, which is ascribed to nickel being incorporated into a spinel nickel aluminate that is not reduced with the given activation protocol. Results for 100 h time-on-stream using a recirculating/regenerating reactor suggest that this type of process could be employed to keep a high level of steady-state reforming activity, without permanent deactivation of the catalyst. Additionally, the differences in catalyst performance using a simulated and real, biomass-derived syngas stream indicate that there are components present in the real stream that are not adequately modeled in the syngas stream. Heavy tars and polycyclic aromatics are known to be present in real syngas, and the use of benzene and naphthalene as surrogates may be insufficient. In addition, some inorganics found in biomass, which become concentrated in the ash following biomass gasification, may be transported to the reforming reactor where they can interact with catalysts. Therefore, in order to gain more representative results for how a catalyst would perform on an industrially-relevant scale, with real contaminants, appropriate small-scale biomass solids feeders or slip-streams of real process gas should be employed. C1 [Magrini-Bair, Kimberly A.; Jablonski, Whitney S.; Yung, Matthew M.] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Natl Bioenergy Ctr, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Parent, Yves O.] Chem Engn Consulting Serv LLC, Golden, CO 80403 USA. RP Magrini-Bair, KA (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Natl Bioenergy Ctr, 1617 Cole Blvd, Golden, CO 80401 USA. EM Kim.Magrini@nrel.gov FU U. S. Department of Energy [DE-AC36-99-GO-10337] FX The authors would like to thank the U. S. Department of Energy's Biomass Program contract DE-AC36-99-GO-10337 for funding this work and the industrial collaborator for evaluating the catalyst on the pilot-scale recirculating/regenerating reactor and for sharing the reaction results. NR 35 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 31 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1022-5528 EI 1572-9028 J9 TOP CATAL JI Top. Catal. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 55 IS 3-4 BP 209 EP 217 DI 10.1007/s11244-012-9789-z PG 9 WC Chemistry, Applied; Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 928OJ UT WOS:000302992100010 ER PT J AU Choi, S Park, I Hao, Z Holman, HYN Pisano, AP AF Choi, Sun Park, Inkyu Hao, Zhao Holman, Hoi-Ying N. Pisano, Albert P. TI Quantitative studies of long-term stable, top-down fabricated silicon nanowire pH sensors SO APPLIED PHYSICS A-MATERIALS SCIENCE & PROCESSING LA English DT Article ID DIFFUSION-COEFFICIENT; THIN-FILMS; HYSTERESIS; TRANSISTORS; ISFETS AB We report a simple and effective method to develop long-term stable, top-down fabricated silicon nanowire (SiNW) pH sensors along with systematic studies on the performance of the sensors. In this work, we fabricated the SiNW pH sensors based on top-down fabrication processes. In order to improve the stability of the sensor performance, the sensors were coated with a passivation layer (PECVD-based silicon nitride) for effective electrical insulation and ion-blocking. The stability, pH sensitivity, and repeatability of the sensor response are critically analyzed with regard to the physics of sensing interface between sample liquid and the sensor surface. Also, trade-off between the stability and pH sensitivity of the sensor response is discussed. C1 [Choi, Sun; Pisano, Albert P.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley Sensor & Actuator Ctr, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Choi, Sun; Hao, Zhao; Holman, Hoi-Ying N.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Earth Sci, Dept Ecol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Park, Inkyu] Korea Adv Inst Sci & Technol, Dept Mech Engn, Taejon 305701, South Korea. RP Choi, S (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley Sensor & Actuator Ctr, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM sunchoi@eecs.berkeley.edu; inkyu@kaist.ac.kr RI Holman, Hoi-Ying/N-8451-2014; Hao, Zhao/G-2391-2015 OI Holman, Hoi-Ying/0000-0002-7534-2625; Hao, Zhao/0000-0003-0677-8529 FU U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) [DE-AC02-05CH112]; Center for Nanoscale Mechatronics & Manufacturing (CNMM) [2009K000069]; Basic Science Research Program [2011-0004409]; Ministry of Education, Science and Technology, Korea; Samsung Scholarship Foundation FX This research is supported by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE, Grant #: DE-AC02-05CH112), a grant (2009K000069) from the Center for Nanoscale Mechatronics & Manufacturing (CNMM), one of the 21st Century Frontier Research Programs, and Basic Science Research Program (Grant #: 2011-0004409), which are supported by Ministry of Education, Science and Technology, Korea. S. Choi thanks for his graduate fellowship from the Samsung Scholarship Foundation. NR 31 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 25 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0947-8396 J9 APPL PHYS A-MATER JI Appl. Phys. A-Mater. Sci. Process. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 107 IS 2 BP 421 EP 428 DI 10.1007/s00339-011-6754-9 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA 923TU UT WOS:000302643200023 ER PT J AU Giagnoni, L Magherini, F Landi, L Taghavi, S van der Lelie, D Puglia, M Bianchi, L Bini, L Nannipieri, P Renella, G Modesti, A AF Giagnoni, Laura Magherini, Francesca Landi, Loretta Taghavi, Safiyh van der Lelie, Daniel Puglia, Michele Bianchi, Laura Bini, Luca Nannipieri, Paolo Renella, Giancarlo Modesti, Alessandra TI Soil solid phases effects on the proteomic analysis of Cupriavidus metallidurans CH34 SO BIOLOGY AND FERTILITY OF SOILS LA English DT Article DE Proteomics; Soil protein; Cupriavidus metallidurans; Environmental proteomics ID MINERAL SURFACES; ORGANIC-MATTER; HUMIC-ACID; PROTEIN; ADSORPTION; MONTMORILLONITE; EXTRACTION; RECOVERY; BACTERIA; BINDING AB Cupriavidus metallidurans CH34 is a completely sequenced soil-borne beta-proteobacterium with known genome and proteome. Comparative 2-D electrophoresis and protein mass spectrometry were used to compare the proteome of C. metallidurans CH34 from liquid culture and after incubation for 1, 3, and 12 days in microcosms containing quartz sand, kaolinite, montmorillonite, or an artificial soil. Results showed that proteome from liquid culture was similar to CH34 proteins extracted from sand and kaolinite, whereas the proteins extracted from artificial soil differed significantly and no proteins were detected from C. metallidurans CH34 incubated in the montmorillonite microcosms. Protein recovery decreased on prolonging incubation time in all microcosms. Mass spectrometry identification showed that the trend of lower recovery upon incubation time was independent on the putative function of protein. These results suggest that the soil solid phase influences the protein recovery and soil proteomic analysis and that distinction between protein recovery and protein expression in soil will be a challenging for soil proteomic researchers. C1 [Giagnoni, Laura; Landi, Loretta; Nannipieri, Paolo; Renella, Giancarlo] Univ Florence, Dept Plant Soil & Environm Sci, Florence, Italy. [Magherini, Francesca; Modesti, Alessandra] Univ Florence, Dept Biochem Sci, Florence, Italy. [Taghavi, Safiyh] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Biol, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [van der Lelie, Daniel] RTI Int, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Puglia, Michele; Bianchi, Laura; Bini, Luca] Univ Siena, Dept Mol Biol, I-53100 Siena, Italy. RP Giagnoni, L (reprint author), Univ Florence, Dept Plant Soil & Environm Sci, Piazzale Cascine 28, Florence, Italy. EM laura.giagnoni@unifi.it RI magherini, francesca/A-2991-2014; OI magherini, francesca/0000-0001-8388-0952; NANNIPIERI, PAOLO/0000-0002-5488-2593; Bini, Luca/0000-0001-8951-2106 FU Ente Cassa di Risparmio di Firenze [2009.0401] FX The Department of Plant, Soil and Environmental Sciences thank the Ente Cassa di Risparmio di Firenze for the financial support (project title-Approccio proteomico per una migliore comprensione della funzionalita del suolo e delle interazioni suolo-pianta; file no 2009.0401) for the aquisition of new instruments. NR 43 TC 7 Z9 9 U1 3 U2 14 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0178-2762 J9 BIOL FERT SOILS JI Biol. Fertil. Soils PD MAY PY 2012 VL 48 IS 4 BP 425 EP 433 DI 10.1007/s00374-011-0641-6 PG 9 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 926CU UT WOS:000302809700007 ER PT J AU von Neubeck, C Shankaran, H Karin, NJ Kauer, PM Chrisler, WB Wang, XH Robinson, RJ Waters, KM Tilton, SC Sowa, MB AF von Neubeck, Claere Shankaran, Harish Karin, Norman J. Kauer, Paula M. Chrisler, William B. Wang, Xihai Robinson, R. Joe Waters, Katrina M. Tilton, Susan C. Sowa, Marianne B. TI Cell type-dependent gene transcription profile in a three-dimensional human skin tissue model exposed to low doses of ionizing radiation: Implications for medical exposures SO ENVIRONMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MUTAGENESIS LA English DT Article DE 3D skin equivalent; microarray; ionizing radiation; radiation-induced signaling ID IN-VIVO; EXPRESSION; CANCER; FIBROBLASTS; THERAPY; RISK; KERATINOCYTES; SURVIVORS; GROWTH; LINES AB The concern over possible health risks from exposures to low doses of ionizing radiation has been driven largely by the increase in medical exposures, the routine implementation of X-ray backscatter devices for airport security screening, and, most recently, the nuclear incident in Japan. Because of a paucity of direct epidemiological data at very low doses, cancer risk must be estimated from high dose exposure scenarios. However, there is increasing evidence that low and high dose exposures result in different signaling events and may have different response mechanisms than higher doses. We have examined the radiation-induced temporal response after exposure to 10 cGy of an in vitro three dimensional (3D) human skin tissue model using microarray-based transcriptional profiling. Cell type-specific analysis showed significant changes in gene expression with the levels of >1,400 genes altered in the dermis and >400 genes regulated in the epidermis. The two cell layers rarely exhibited overlapping responses at the mRNA level. Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) measurements validated the microarray data in both regulation direction and value. Key pathways identified relate to cell cycle regulation, immune responses, hypoxia, reactive oxygen signaling, and DNA damage repair. The proliferation status as well as the expression of PCNA was examined in histological samples. We discuss in particular the role of proliferation, emphasizing how the disregulation of cellular signaling in normal tissue may impact progression toward radiation-induced secondary diseases. Environ. Mol. Mutagen. 2012. (c) 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 [von Neubeck, Claere; Karin, Norman J.; Kauer, Paula M.; Chrisler, William B.; Wang, Xihai; Robinson, R. Joe; Sowa, Marianne B.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Dept Syst Toxicol, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Shankaran, Harish; Waters, Katrina M.; Tilton, Susan C.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Dept Computat Biol & Bioinformat, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Sowa, MB (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Dept Syst Toxicol, POB 999,MS J4-02, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM marianne.sowa@pnnl.gov FU US Department of Energy [DE-AC06-76RLO]; National Aeronautics and Space Administration [NNX10AB06G]; Biological and Environmental Research Program (BER) FX Grant sponsor: US Department of Energy; Grant Number: DE-AC06-76RLO; Grant sponsor: National Aeronautics and Space Administration; Grant Number: NNX10AB06G; Grant sponsor: Biological and Environmental Research Program (BER). NR 31 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 6 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0893-6692 J9 ENVIRON MOL MUTAGEN JI Environ. Mol. Mutagen. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 53 IS 4 BP 247 EP 259 DI 10.1002/em.21682 PG 13 WC Environmental Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA 923IK UT WOS:000302612800001 PM 22351304 ER PT J AU Herfort, L Peterson, TD Prahl, FG McCue, LA Needoba, JA Crump, BC Roegner, GC Campbell, V Zuber, P AF Herfort, Lydie Peterson, Tawnya D. Prahl, Fredrick G. McCue, Lee Ann Needoba, Joseph A. Crump, Byron C. Roegner, G. Curtis Campbell, Victoria Zuber, Peter TI Red Waters of Myrionecta rubra are Biogeochemical Hotspots for the Columbia River Estuary with Impacts on Primary/Secondary Productions and Nutrient Cycles SO ESTUARIES AND COASTS LA English DT Article DE Myrionecta rubra; Mesodinium rubrum; Red waters; Biogeochemical cycles; Columbia River estuary ID CILIATE MESODINIUM-RUBRUM; ORGANIC-CARBON; PHYTOPLANKTON; NITROGEN; TIDES; PHOTOSYNTHESIS; ABSORPTION; MIGRATION; DYNAMICS; ECOLOGY AB The localized impact of blooms of the mixotrophic ciliate Myrionecta rubra in the Columbia River estuary during 2007-2010 was evaluated with biogeochemical, light microscopy, physiological, and molecular data. M. rubra affected surrounding estuarine nutrient cycles, as indicated by high and low concentrations of organic nutrients and inorganic nitrogen, respectively, associated with red waters. M. rubra blooms also altered the energy transfer pattern in patches of the estuarine water that contain the ciliate by creating areas characterized by high primary production and elevated levels of fresh autochthonous particulate organic matter, therefore shifting the trophic status in emergent red water areas of the estuary from net heterotrophy towards autotrophy. The pelagic estuarine bacterial community structure was unaffected by M. rubra abundance, but red waters of the ciliate do offer a possible link between autotrophic and heterotrophic processes since they were associated with elevated dissolved organic matter and showed a tendency for enhanced microbial secondary production. Taken together, these findings suggest that M. rubra red waters are biogeochemical hotspots of the Columbia River estuary. C1 [Herfort, Lydie; Peterson, Tawnya D.; Needoba, Joseph A.; Campbell, Victoria; Zuber, Peter] Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, Ctr Coastal Margin Observat & Predict, Beaverton, OR 97006 USA. [Herfort, Lydie; Peterson, Tawnya D.; Needoba, Joseph A.; Campbell, Victoria; Zuber, Peter] Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, Div Environm & Biomol Syst, Beaverton, OR 97006 USA. [Prahl, Fredrick G.] Oregon State Univ, Coll Ocean & Atmospher Sci, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [McCue, Lee Ann] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Crump, Byron C.] Univ Maryland, Horn Point Lab, Ctr Environm Sci, Cambridge, MD 21613 USA. [Roegner, G. Curtis] NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, NOAA Fisheries, Point Adams Biol Field Stn, Hammond, OR 97121 USA. RP Herfort, L (reprint author), Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, Ctr Coastal Margin Observat & Predict, 20000 NW Walker Rd, Beaverton, OR 97006 USA. EM herfortl@ebs.ogi.edu OI McCue, Lee Ann/0000-0003-4456-517X FU National Science Foundation [OCE-0424602]; Pacific Northwest National Laboratory; United States Department of Energy [DE-AC05-76RL01830] FX This study was carried out within the context of the Science and Technology Center for Coastal Margin Observation & Prediction (CMOP) supported by the National Science Foundation (grant number OCE-0424602). A portion of the research was performed with support from the Laboratory Directed Research and Development program at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, which is operated by Battelle for the United States Department of Energy under Contract DE-AC05-76RL01830. NR 58 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 3 U2 20 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1559-2723 J9 ESTUAR COAST JI Estuaries Coasts PD MAY PY 2012 VL 35 IS 3 BP 878 EP 891 DI 10.1007/s12237-012-9485-z PG 14 WC Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 921MH UT WOS:000302481200015 ER PT J AU Stapp, HP AF Stapp, Henry P. TI Quantum Locality? SO FOUNDATIONS OF PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Nonlocality; Consistent quantum theory; Counterfactual ID HIDDEN-VARIABLES; INEQUALITIES AB Robert Griffiths has recently addressed, within the framework of a 'consistent quantum theory' that he has developed, the issue of whether, as is often claimed, quantum mechanics entails a need for faster-than-light transfers of information over long distances. He argues that the putative proofs of this property that involve hidden variables include in their premises some essentially classical-physics-type assumptions that are not entailed by the precepts of quantum mechanics. Thus whatever is proved is not a feature of quantum mechanics, but is a property of a theory that tries to combine quantum theory with quasi-classical features that go beyond what is entailed by quantum theory itself. One cannot logically prove properties of a system by establishing, instead, properties of a system modified by adding properties alien to the original system. Hence Griffiths' rejection of hidden-variable-based proofs is logically warranted. Griffiths mentions the existence of a certain alternative proof that does not involve hidden variables, and that uses only macroscopically described observable properties. He notes that he had examined in his book proofs of this general kind, and concluded that they provide no evidence for nonlocal influences. But he did not examine the particular proof that he cites. An examination of that particular proof by the method specified by his 'consistent quantum theory' shows that the cited proof is valid within that restrictive version of quantum theory. An added section responds to Griffiths' reply, which cites general possibilities of ambiguities that might make what is to be proved ill-defined, and hence render the pertinent 'consistent framework' ill defined. But the vagaries that he cites do not upset the proof in question, which, both by its physical formulation and by explicit identification, specify the framework to be used. Griffiths confirms the validity of the proof insofar as that pertinent framework is used. The section also shows, in response to Griffiths' challenge, why a putative proof of locality that he has described is flawed. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Stapp, HP (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM hpstapp@lbl.gov FU Office of Science, Office of High Energy and Nuclear Physics, of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX I thank Robert Griffiths for a long cordial correspondence that allowed us to propound our views in ways that clarify the basic issues, rather than obscuring them. This work was supported by the Director, Office of Science, Office of High Energy and Nuclear Physics, of the U.S. Department of Energy under contract DE-AC02-05CH11231. NR 8 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 11 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0015-9018 J9 FOUND PHYS JI Found. Phys. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 42 IS 5 BP 647 EP 655 DI 10.1007/s10701-012-9632-1 PG 9 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 918FC UT WOS:000302233700004 ER PT J AU Kerisit, S Weare, JH Felmy, AR AF Kerisit, Sebastien Weare, John H. Felmy, Andrew R. TI Structure and dynamics of forsterite-scCO(2)/H2O interfaces as a function of water content SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article ID INNER SOLAR-SYSTEM; SUPERCRITICAL CO2; ATOMISTIC SIMULATION; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; FREE-ENERGY; FORSTERITE; CARBONATION; SURFACE; SEQUESTRATION; PHASE AB Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations of forsterite surfaces in contact with supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO(2)) fluids of varying water content were performed to determine the partition of water between the scCO(2) fluid and the mineral surface, the nature of CO2 and H2O bonding at the interface, and the regions of the interface that may be conducive to HxCO3(2-x)- formation. Calculations of the free energy of the associative adsorption of water onto the (0 10) forsterite surface from the scCO(2) phase indicated that the formation of a water film up to three-monolayer thick can be exothermic even for water contents below the water saturation concentration of the scCO(2) fluid. In MD simulations of scCO(2)/H2O mixtures in contact with the (0 10) forsterite surface, H2O was found to readily displace CO2 at the surface and, therefore, CO2 directly contacted the surface only for water coverages below two monolayers. For thicker water films, a two-monolayer hydration layer formed that CO2 could not penetrate. The MD simulations thus suggest that, in the presence of sufficient water, HxCO3(2-x)- formation occurs in the water films and not via direct reaction of CO2 with the forsterite surface. Simulations of the hydroxylated (0 10) surface and of the (0 11) surface suggested that this conclusion can be extended to forsterite surfaces with different surface structures and/or compositions. The density, diffusion, and degree of hydration of CO2 as well as the extent of CO2/H2O mixing at the interface were all predicted to depend strongly on the thickness of the water-rich film, i.e., on the water content of the scCO(2) fluid. (c) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Kerisit, Sebastien; Felmy, Andrew R.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Chem & Mat Sci Div, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Weare, John H.] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Chem & Biochem, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. RP Kerisit, S (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Chem & Mat Sci Div, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM sebastien.kerisit@pnnl.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Basic Energy Sciences-Geosciences through a Single Investigator Small Group Research; DOE's Office of Biological and Environmental Research (OBER); Battelle Memorial Institute [DE-AC05-76RL01830] FX The authors acknowledge Prof. James R. Rustad for insightful discussions. This research was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Basic Energy Sciences-Geosciences program through a Single Investigator Small Group Research grant. The computer simulations were performed in part using the Molecular Science Computing (MSC) facilities in the William R. Wiley Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory (EMSL), a national scientific user facility sponsored by the DOE's Office of Biological and Environmental Research (OBER) and located at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL). PNNL is operated for the DOE by Battelle Memorial Institute under Contract DE-AC05-76RL01830. NR 43 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 3 U2 49 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0016-7037 J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta PD MAY 1 PY 2012 VL 84 BP 137 EP 151 DI 10.1016/j.gca.2012.01.038 PG 15 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 925OF UT WOS:000302770000010 ER PT J AU Arrowsmith, SJ Burlacu, R Pankow, K Stump, B Stead, R Whitaker, R Hayward, C AF Arrowsmith, Stephen J. Burlacu, Relu Pankow, Kristine Stump, Brian Stead, Richard Whitaker, Rod Hayward, Chris TI A seismoacoustic study of the 2011 January 3 Circleville earthquake SO GEOPHYSICAL JOURNAL INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article DE Numerical approximations and analysis; Earthquake dynamics; Earthquake ground motions ID ALASKAN EARTHQUAKE; AIR WAVES; PROPAGATION; ATMOSPHERE; CALIFORNIA; ARRAYS; TIMES; MODEL AB We report on a unique set of infrasound observations from a single earthquake, the 2011 January 3 Circleville earthquake (Mw 4.7, depth of 8 km), which was recorded by nine infrasound arrays in Utah. Based on an analysis of the signal arrival times and backazimuths at each array, we find that the infrasound arrivals at six arrays can be associated to the same source and that the source location is consistent with the earthquake epicentre. Results of propagation modelling indicate that the lack of associated arrivals at the remaining three arrays is due to path effects. Based on these findings we form the working hypothesis that the infrasound is generated by body waves causing the epicentral region to pump the atmosphere, akin to a baffled piston. To test this hypothesis, we have developed a numerical seismoacoustic model to simulate the generation of epicentral infrasound from earthquakes. We model the generation of seismic waves using a 3-D finite difference algorithm that accounts for the earthquake moment tensor, source time function, depth and local geology. The resultant accelerationtime histories on a 2-D grid at the surface then provide the initial conditions for modelling the near-field infrasonic pressure wave using the Rayleigh integral. Finally, we propagate the near-field source pressure through the Ground-to-Space atmospheric model using a time-domain Parabolic Equation technique. By comparing the resultant predictions with the six epicentral infrasound observations from the 2011 January 3, Circleville earthquake, we show that the observations agree well with our predictions. The predicted and observed amplitudes are within a factor of 2 (on average, the synthetic amplitudes are a factor of 1.6 larger than the observed amplitudes). In addition, arrivals are predicted at all six arrays where signals are observed, and importantly not predicted at the remaining three arrays. Durations are typically predicted to within a factor of 2, and in some cases much better. These results suggest that measured infrasound from the Circleville earthquake is consistent with the generation of infrasound from body waves in the epicentral region. C1 [Arrowsmith, Stephen J.; Stead, Richard; Whitaker, Rod] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Burlacu, Relu; Pankow, Kristine] Univ Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. [Stump, Brian] So Methodist Univ, Dallas, TX 75275 USA. RP Arrowsmith, SJ (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM sarrowsmith@gmail.com FU National Nuclear Security Administration Office of Non-proliferation Research and Development; U.S. Department of Energy by Los Alamos National Laboratory; University of Utah; Southern Methodist University [LA09-Depth-NDD02, LA09-BAA09-NDD02, DE-AR52-09NA29325] FX We are grateful to Alexis Le Pichon for providing the data in Fig. 1 and for providing helpful comments on this research. We also thank Mark Hale for his contributions to this paper. We thank the editor, Ingo Grevemeyer, and two anonymous reviewers for their comments, which helped improve this manuscript. The InfraMap tool-box was used for TDPE modelling. The authors acknowledge the support of Leslie A. Casey and the National Nuclear Security Administration Office of Non-proliferation Research and Development for funding this work. This work was completed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Los Alamos National Laboratory, the University of Utah and Southern Methodist University under contracts LA09-Depth-NDD02, LA09-BAA09-NDD02 and DE-AR52-09NA29325. NR 39 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 10 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0956-540X J9 GEOPHYS J INT JI Geophys. J. Int. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 189 IS 2 BP 1148 EP 1158 DI 10.1111/j.1365-246X.2012.05420.x PG 11 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 923MO UT WOS:000302623600031 ER PT J AU Iversen, CM Keller, JK Garten, CT Norby, RJ AF Iversen, Colleen M. Keller, Jason K. Garten, Charles T., Jr. Norby, Richard J. TI Soil carbon and nitrogen cycling and storage throughout the soil profile in a sweetgum plantation after 11 years of CO2-enrichment SO GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE 13C; carbon mineralization; elevated [CO2]; fine roots; Liquidambar styraciflua; mineral-associated organic matter; net nitrogen mineralization; particulate organic matter; soil carbon; soil depth ID ATMOSPHERIC CO2 ENRICHMENT; SCRUB-OAK ECOSYSTEM; FINE-ROOT RESPONSES; ELEVATED CO2; ORGANIC-MATTER; MICROBIAL COMMUNITIES; FOREST PRODUCTIVITY; DECIDUOUS FOREST; FACE EXPERIMENTS; GRASSLAND SOILS AB Increased partitioning of carbon (C) to fine roots under elevated [CO2], especially deep in the soil profile, could alter soil C and nitrogen (N) cycling in forests. After more than 11 years of free-air CO2 enrichment in a Liquidambar styraciflua L. (sweetgum) plantation in Oak Ridge, TN, USA, greater inputs of fine roots resulted in the incorporation of new C (i.e., C with a depleted d13C) into root-derived particulate organic matter (POM) pools to 90-cm depth. Even though production in the sweetgum stand was limited by soil N availability, soil C and N contents were greater throughout the soil profile under elevated [CO2] at the conclusion of the experiment. Greater C inputs from fine-root detritus under elevated [CO2] did not result in increased net N immobilization or C mineralization rates in long-term laboratory incubations, possibly because microbial biomass was lower in the CO2-enriched plots. Furthermore, the d13CO2 of the C mineralized from the incubated soil closely tracked the d13C of the labile POM pool in the elevated [CO2] treatment, especially in shallower soil, and did not indicate significant priming of the decomposition of pre-experiment soil organic matter (SOM). Although potential C mineralization rates were positively and linearly related to total SOM C content in the top 30 cm of soil, this relationship did not hold in deeper soil. Taken together with an increased mean residence time of C in deeper soil pools, these findings indicate that C inputs from relatively deep roots under elevated [CO2] may increase the potential for long-term soil C storage. However, C in deeper soil is likely to take many years to accrue to a significant fraction of total soil C given relatively smaller root inputs at depth. Expanded representation of biogeochemical cycling throughout the soil profile may improve model projections of future forest responses to rising atmospheric [CO2]. C1 [Iversen, Colleen M.; Garten, Charles T., Jr.; Norby, Richard J.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Keller, Jason K.] Chapman Univ, Sch Earth & Environm Sci, Orange, CA 92866 USA. RP Iversen, CM (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, 1 Bethel Valley Rd,Bldg 2040, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM iversencm@ornl.gov RI Norby, Richard/C-1773-2012 OI Norby, Richard/0000-0002-0238-9828 FU United States Department of Energy, Office of Science, Biological and Environmental Research; United States Department of Energy [DE-AC05-00OR22725] FX Thanks to D. Brice, C. Bruno, J. Childs, T. Clausen, C. DeVan, K. Goins, M. Smith, L. Stachowiak, J. Warren, F. Whitehouse, and the students in Chapman University's Fall 2009 Ecosystem Ecology course for assistance in the field or laboratory. Comments from S. O'Brien and W. Post improved earlier drafts of the manuscript. Research was supported by the United States Department of Energy, Office of Science, Biological and Environmental Research. Oak Ridge National Laboratory is managed by UT-Battelle, LLC for the United States Department of Energy under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725. NR 57 TC 33 Z9 35 U1 8 U2 144 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1354-1013 J9 GLOBAL CHANGE BIOL JI Glob. Change Biol. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 18 IS 5 BP 1684 EP 1697 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2486.2012.02643.x PG 14 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 922JP UT WOS:000302543500019 ER PT J AU Rogers, A McDonald, K Muehlbauer, MF Hoffman, A Koenig, K Newman, L Taghavi, S van der Lelie, D AF Rogers, Alistair McDonald, Kelly Muehlbauer, Megan F. Hoffman, Adam Koenig, Kaitlyn Newman, Lee Taghavi, Safiyh van der Lelie, Daniel TI Inoculation of hybrid poplar with the endophytic bacterium Enterobacter sp 638 increases biomass but does not impact leaf level physiology SO GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY BIOENERGY LA English DT Article DE biomass; endophytic bacteria; Enterobacter sp; 638; leaf area; photosynthesis; poplar ID SHORT-ROTATION COPPICE; PHOTOSYNTHESIS; ARABIDOPSIS; MISCANTHUS; MANAGEMENT; BIOENERGY; BIOFUELS; BALANCE; SYSTEMS; GROWTH AB Endophytic bacteria have been shown to provide several advantages to their host, including enhanced growth. Inoculating biofuel species with endophytic bacteria is therefore an attractive option to increase the productivity of biofuel feedstocks. Here, we investigated the effect of inoculating hard wood cuttings of Populus deltoides Bartr. x Populus. nigra L. clone OP367 with Enterobacter sp. 638. After 17 weeks, plants inoculated with Enterobacter sp. 638 had 55% greater total biomass than un-inoculated control plants. Study of gas exchange and fluorescence in developing and mature leaves over a diurnal cycle and over a 5 week measurement campaign revealed no effects of inoculation on photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, photosynthetic water use efficiency or the maximum and operating efficiency of photosystem II. However, plants inoculated with Enterobacter sp. 638 had a canopy that was 39% larger than control plants indicating that the enhanced growth was fueled by increased leaf area, not by improved physiology. Leaf nitrogen content was determined at two stages over the 5 week measurement period. No effect of Enterobacter sp. 638 on leaf nitrogen content was found indicating that the larger plants were acquiring sufficient nitrogen. Enterobacter sp. 638 lacks the genes for N2 fixation, therefore the increased availability of nitrogen likely resulted from enhanced nitrogen acquisition by the 84% larger root system. These data show that Enterobacter sp. 638 has the potential to dramatically increase productivity in poplar. If fully realized in the production environment, these results indicate that an increase in the environmental and economic viability of poplar as a biofuel feedstock is possible when inoculated with endophytic bacteria like Enterobacter sp. 638. C1 [Rogers, Alistair] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Environm Sci, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [McDonald, Kelly] Marist Coll, Dept Environm Sci & Policy, Poughkeepsie, NY 12601 USA. [Muehlbauer, Megan F.] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Plant Biol & Pathol, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA. [Hoffman, Adam; Newman, Lee; Taghavi, Safiyh; van der Lelie, Daniel] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Biol, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Koenig, Kaitlyn] SUNY Stony Brook, Sch Profess Dev, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. RP Rogers, A (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Environm Sci, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM arogers@bnl.gov RI Rogers, Alistair/E-1177-2011 OI Rogers, Alistair/0000-0001-9262-7430 FU US Department of Energy [DE-AC02-98CH10886]; Laboratory Directed Research and Development funds [LAB09-005] FX We are grateful to Yian Biao Zhang for assistance with the root harvest. This research was supported in part by the US Department of Energy contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886 to Brookhaven National Laboratory. The work was also supported via Laboratory Directed Research and Development funds under number LAB09-005. NR 28 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 21 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1757-1693 J9 GCB BIOENERGY JI GCB Bioenergy PD MAY PY 2012 VL 4 IS 3 BP 364 EP 370 DI 10.1111/j.1757-1707.2011.01119.x PG 7 WC Agronomy; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels SC Agriculture; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels GA 920IN UT WOS:000302397700012 ER PT J AU Harris, DB Gibbons, SJ Rodgers, AJ Pasyanos, ME AF Harris, David B. Gibbons, Steven J. Rodgers, Arthur J. Pasyanos, Michael E. TI Nuclear Test Ban Treaty Verification Improving test ban monitoring with empirical and model-based signal processing SO IEEE SIGNAL PROCESSING MAGAZINE LA English DT Article ID SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA CRUST; SURFACE-WAVE TOMOGRAPHY; AMBIENT SEISMIC NOISE; ADJOINT METHODS; SPECTRAL-ELEMENT; FORM CORRELATION; EVENTS; EARTH; LOCATION; RAYLEIGH C1 [Harris, David B.] US DOE, CTBT Negotiat Geneva, Washington, DC 20585 USA. [Rodgers, Arthur J.] Lab Geophys Interne & Tectonphys, Grenoble, France. [Rodgers, Arthur J.; Pasyanos, Michael E.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Geophys Monitoring Program, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Harris, DB (reprint author), US DOE, CTBT Negotiat Geneva, Washington, DC 20585 USA. EM oregondsp@gmail.com; steven@norsar.no; rodgers7@llnl.gov; pasyanos1@llnl.gov RI Rodgers, Arthur/E-2443-2011; Gibbons, Steven/A-5458-2013; GEOFON, GlobalSeismicNetwork/E-4273-2012; Pasyanos, Michael/C-3125-2013; Magazine, Signal Processing/E-9947-2015 OI Gibbons, Steven/0000-0002-7822-0244; FU U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344] FX The authors wish to thank Carl Tape, Fan-Chi Lin, Morgan Moschetti, and Juerg Hauser for helpful discussions and for providing figures. This work performed in part under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. NR 31 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 8 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 1053-5888 J9 IEEE SIGNAL PROC MAG JI IEEE Signal Process. Mag. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 29 IS 3 BP 57 EP 70 DI 10.1109/MSP.2012.2184869 PG 14 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA 924UT UT WOS:000302717500009 ER PT J AU Herrmann, FJ Friedlander, MP Yilmaz, O AF Herrmann, Felix J. Friedlander, Michael P. Yilmaz, Ozgur TI Fighting the Curse of Dimensionality Compressive sensing in exploration seismology SO IEEE SIGNAL PROCESSING MAGAZINE LA English DT Article ID BASIS PURSUIT; RECONSTRUCTION; MIGRATION C1 [Herrmann, Felix J.] MIT, Earth Resources Lab, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Yilmaz, Ozgur] Univ British Columbia, Dept Math, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada. [Herrmann, Felix J.; Friedlander, Michael P.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Inst Pure & Appl Math, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. [Friedlander, Michael P.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Yilmaz, Ozgur] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. EM fherrmann@eos.ubc.ca; mpf@cs.ubc.ca; oyilmaz@math.ubc.ca RI Magazine, Signal Processing/E-9947-2015 FU CRD [DNOISE 334810-05]; Seismic Laboratory for Imaging and Modeling; BG Group; BGP; BP; Chevron; ConocoPhilips; Petrobras; PGS; Total SA; WesternGeco FX We are grateful to Nick Moldoveanu (WesternGeco) for making the coil data set available and Charles Jones (BG) for providing us with the BG Compass velocity model. We also would like to thank Haneet Wason, Hassan Mansour, Tim Lin, and Xiang Li for preparing the figures. This publication was prepared using CurveLab (a toolbox implementing the fast discrete curvelet transform), WaveAtom (a toolbox implementing the wave atom transform), SPGL1 (a solver for large-scale sparse reconstruction), and SPOT (a linear-operator toolbox). The authors were financially supported by CRD grant DNOISE 334810-05 and by the industrial sponsors of the Seismic Laboratory for Imaging and Modeling: BG Group, BGP, BP, Chevron, ConocoPhilips, Petrobras, PGS, Total SA, and WesternGeco. NR 30 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 1 U2 13 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 1053-5888 EI 1558-0792 J9 IEEE SIGNAL PROC MAG JI IEEE Signal Process. Mag. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 29 IS 3 BP 88 EP 100 DI 10.1109/MSP.2012.2185859 PG 13 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA 924UT UT WOS:000302717500012 ER PT J AU Ma, YD Borrelli, F Hencey, B Coffey, B Bengea, S Haves, P AF Ma, Yudong Borrelli, Francesco Hencey, Brandon Coffey, Brian Bengea, Sorin Haves, Philip TI Model Predictive Control for the Operation of Building Cooling Systems SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CONTROL SYSTEMS TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Building energy; building modeling; model predictive control (MPC) AB This brief presents a model-based predictive control (MPC) approach to building cooling systems with thermal energy storage. We focus on buildings equipped with a water tank used for actively storing cold water produced by a series of chillers. First, simplified models of chillers, cooling towers, thermal storage tanks, and buildings are developed and validated for the purpose of model-based control design. Then an MPC for the chilling system operation is proposed to optimally store the thermal energy in the tank by using predictive knowledge of building loads and weather conditions. This brief addresses real-time implementation and feasibility issues of the MPC scheme by using a simplified hybrid model of the system, a periodic robust invariant set as terminal constraints, and a moving window blocking strategy. The controller is experimentally validated at the University of California, Merced. The experiments show a reduction in the central plant electricity cost and an improvement of its efficiency. C1 [Ma, Yudong; Borrelli, Francesco] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mech Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Hencey, Brandon] Cornell Univ, Sibley Sch Mech & Aerosp Engn, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Coffey, Brian] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Architecture, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Bengea, Sorin] United Technol Res Ctr, E Hartford, CT 06108 USA. [Haves, Philip] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Ma, YD (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mech Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM myd07@berkeley.edu; fborrelli@berkeley.edu OI Hencey, Brandon/0000-0001-9240-7999 FU Department of Energy; Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratories; NSF CAREER [0844456] FX This work was supported in part by the Department of Energy, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratories, and the NSF CAREER Award 0844456. NR 20 TC 104 Z9 104 U1 3 U2 16 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 1063-6536 J9 IEEE T CONTR SYST T JI IEEE Trans. Control Syst. Technol. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 20 IS 3 BP 796 EP 803 DI 10.1109/TCST.2011.2124461 PG 8 WC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering GA 924NR UT WOS:000302699100022 ER PT J AU Li, N Nastasi, M Misra, A AF Li, N. Nastasi, M. Misra, A. TI Defect structures and hardening mechanisms in high dose helium ion implanted Cu and Cu/Nb multilayer thin films SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PLASTICITY LA English DT Article DE He implantation; Interface; Hardening mechanism; Bubbles ID AUSTENITIC STAINLESS-STEELS; DISLOCATION LOOP; DEFORMATION MECHANISMS; METALLIC MULTILAYERS; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; CRYSTAL PLASTICITY; YIELD STRENGTH; IRRADIATION; BUBBLE; IRON AB Helium (He) exerts a significant influence on the mechanical behavior of irradiated materials. The microstructural evolutions and hardening mechanisms of pure 1 mu m thick Cu film and Cu/Nb multilayers of individual layer thickness of 70 nm, 5 nm and 2.5 nm were investigated after 1 at.% and 7 at.% He ion implants at room temperature. Implantation of 7 at.% He produces a uniform dispersion of bubbles throughout the film in all samples and bubble pressure increases and volume fraction decreases with reducing layer thickness. For 5 nm layer thickness approximately 32% He atoms are trapped at Cu-Nb interface, grain boundaries or dislocations in the form of He-vacancy clusters, which cannot be detected by electron microscopy. For a 1 at.% He implantation, He bubbles are barely detectable in Cu/Nb multilayers with 5 nm individual layer thickness or less, suggesting the extraordinary capability of the Cu-Nb interface in absorbing and annihilating point defects. Hardness measurement indicates for coarse multilayers (h >= 70 nm) and pure Cu, the hardening from He bubbles is significant and increases with increasing He content, which can be described by Orowan hardening mechanism. However, when h is small (h <= 5 nm), the hardening is significantly mitigated, regardless of He concentration. The strengthening mechanism is dependent upon the resistance of the defect loaded interface to the transmission of single dislocation. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Li, N.; Nastasi, M.; Misra, A.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Integrated Nanotechnol, Mat Phys & Applicat Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Li, N (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Integrated Nanotechnol, Mat Phys & Applicat Div, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM nanli@lanl.gov RI Li, Nan /F-8459-2010 OI Li, Nan /0000-0002-8248-9027 FU Center for Materials at Irradiation and Mechanical Extremes (CMIME); Energy Frontier Research Center (EFRC) under DOE, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [2008LANL1026]; LANL-LDRD; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences user facility at Los Alamos National Laboratory [DE-AC52-06NA25396]; Sandia National Laboratories [DE-AC04-94AL85000] FX This work is supported by the Center for Materials at Irradiation and Mechanical Extremes (CMIME), an Energy Frontier Research Center (EFRC) under Award No. 2008LANL1026 by the DOE, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences. The ion implantation and ion beam analysis experiments were supported by LANL-LDRD. Access to nanoindentation and focused-ion-beam (FIB) capabilities was obtained through approved user project at the Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, a U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences user facility at Los Alamos National Laboratory (Contract DE-AC52-06NA25396) and Sandia National Laboratories (Contract DE-AC04-94AL85000). The authors thank J.P. Hirth, R.G. Hoagland, W.D. Nix, G.R. Odette, M.J. Demkowicz, N.A. Mara, J. Wang, Q.M. Wei for their valuable discussions and Y.Q. Wang and J.K. Baldwin for help with ion implantation and sputtering, respectively. NR 86 TC 45 Z9 45 U1 10 U2 101 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0749-6419 EI 1879-2154 J9 INT J PLASTICITY JI Int. J. Plast. PD MAY-JUN PY 2012 VL 32-33 BP 1 EP 16 DI 10.1016/j.ijplas.2011.12.007 PG 16 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mechanics SC Engineering; Materials Science; Mechanics GA 921XP UT WOS:000302511700001 ER PT J AU Brown, AA Bammann, DJ AF Brown, Arthur A. Bammann, Douglas J. TI Validation of a model for static and dynamic recrystallization in metals SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PLASTICITY LA English DT Article DE Microstructures; Dislocations; Elastic-viscoplastic material; Misorientation - nominated; Constitutive behavior ID HOT-WORKING; SUBGRAIN GROWTH; MICROSTRUCTURE EVOLUTION; BOUNDARY MOBILITY; DEFORMATION; STRAIN; KINETICS; THERMODYNAMICS; TEMPERATURE; PLASTICITY AB In this paper, modifications are proposed to a phenomenological plasticity model to account for the evolution of recrystallization and the resultant softening behavior. The novel model includes internal state variables representing dislocation density and the spacing between geometrically necessary subgrain boundaries. In order to capture both single and multiple peak recrystallization, the model tracks the evolution of recrystallized volume fractions for multiple cycles of recrystallization, and has a set of state variables for each volume fraction. A rule of mixtures is used to determine the average stress. The model is capable of capturing static rectystallization as well as both single and multiple peak dynamic recrystallization. Material parameters are fit to data from monotonic compression tests on copper for a wide range of temperatures and strain rates. The model is then validated by using the same parameter set to predict multiple-stage response in which samples are compressed, held at temperature for various lengths of time, and then compressed further. The model predicts both the static recrystallization that occurs between loading stages as well as the dynamic recrystallization occurring during the second loading stage. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Brown, Arthur A.] Sandia Natl Labs, Multiphys Modeling & Simulat Dept, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. [Bammann, Douglas J.] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. RP Brown, AA (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Multiphys Modeling & Simulat Dept, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM aabrown@sandia.gov FU United States Department of Energy [DEAC04-94AL85000] FX This work was performed at Sandia National Laboratories. Sandia is a multiprogram laboratory operated by Sandia Corporation, a Lockheed Martin Company, for the United States Department of Energy under contract DEAC04-94AL85000. NR 57 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 5 U2 32 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0749-6419 EI 1879-2154 J9 INT J PLASTICITY JI Int. J. Plast. PD MAY-JUN PY 2012 VL 32-33 BP 17 EP 35 DI 10.1016/j.ijplas.2011.12.006 PG 19 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mechanics SC Engineering; Materials Science; Mechanics GA 921XP UT WOS:000302511700002 ER PT J AU Lebensohn, RA Kanjarla, AK Eisenlohr, P AF Lebensohn, Ricardo A. Kanjarla, Anand K. Eisenlohr, Philip TI An elasto-viscoplastic formulation based on fast Fourier transforms for the prediction of micromechanical fields in polycrystalline materials SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PLASTICITY LA English DT Article DE B. Polycrystalline material; B. Anisotropic material; B. Elastic-viscoplastic material; B. Crystal plasticity; A. Microstructures ID NONLINEAR INELASTIC COMPOSITES; X-RAY-DIFFRACTION; SELF-CONSISTENT; CRYSTAL PLASTICITY; INTRAGRANULAR BEHAVIOR; NUMERICAL SIMULATIONS; DEFORMATION; STRESSES; TEXTURE; MODEL AB We present the infinitesimal-strain version of a formulation based on fast Fourier transforms (FFT) for the prediction of micromechanical fields in polycrystals deforming in the elasto-viscoplastic (EVP) regime. This EVP extension of the model originally proposed by Moulinec and Suquet to compute the local and effective mechanical behavior of a heterogeneous material directly from an image of its microstructure is based on an implicit time discretization and an augmented Lagrangian iterative procedure. The proposed model is first benchmarked, assessing the corresponding elastic and viscoplastic limits, the correct treatment of hardening, rate-sensitivity and boundary conditions, and the rate of convergence of the numerical method. In terms of applications, the EVP-FFT model is next used to examine how single crystal elastic and plastic directional properties determine the distribution of local fields at different stages of deformation. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Lebensohn, Ricardo A.; Kanjarla, Anand K.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Los Alamos, NM 87845 USA. [Eisenlohr, Philip] Max Planck Inst Eisenforsch GmbH, D-40237 Dusseldorf, Germany. RP Lebensohn, RA (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, MS G755, Los Alamos, NM 87845 USA. EM lebenso@lanl.gov; anand@lanl.gov; p.eisenlohr@mpie.de RI Lebensohn, Ricardo/A-2494-2008; Eisenlohr, Philip/E-6866-2010 OI Lebensohn, Ricardo/0000-0002-3152-9105; Eisenlohr, Philip/0000-0002-8220-5995 FU Humboldt Foundation; DoD/DOE; ASC Physics & Engineering Models, Materials Project; US Department of Energy; Office of Basic Energy Sciences [FWP-06SCPE401]; Max-Planck Society; Computational Mechanics of Polycrystals-CMCn initiative FX Ricardo A. Lebensohn wishes to thank Prof. Pierre Suquet (LMA, Marseille) for fruitful discussions. RAL also thanks the Humboldt Foundation for supporting his stay in Max-Planck-Institut fur Eisenforschung (MPIE), Diisseldorf, through the Humboldt Research Award, as well as support from Joint DoD/DOE Munitions Technology Program and ASC Physics & Engineering Models, Materials Project. The work of Anand K. Kanjarla is supported by the US Department of Energy. Office of Basic Energy Sciences, project FWP-06SCPE401. The work of Philip Eisenlohr is supported by the Max-Planck Society as part of the Computational Mechanics of Polycrystals-CMCn initiative, a joint research group between MPIE and the Fraunhofer Institut fur Werkstoffmechanik, Freiburg. NR 45 TC 92 Z9 92 U1 4 U2 56 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0749-6419 J9 INT J PLASTICITY JI Int. J. Plast. PD MAY-JUN PY 2012 VL 32-33 BP 59 EP 69 DI 10.1016/j.ijplas.2011.12.005 PG 11 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mechanics SC Engineering; Materials Science; Mechanics GA 921XP UT WOS:000302511700004 ER PT J AU Austin, RA McDowell, DL AF Austin, Ryan A. McDowell, David L. TI Parameterization of a rate-dependent model of shock-induced plasticity for copper, nickel, and aluminum SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PLASTICITY LA English DT Article DE (A) Shock waves; (B) Constitutive behavior; (B) Metallic material; (B) Elastic-viscoplastic material; (A) Dislocations ID MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS SIMULATIONS; HIGH-STRAIN RATE; CONSTITUTIVE MODEL; DISLOCATION DENSITY; LOADING CONDITIONS; SINGLE-CRYSTAL; LOADED NICKEL; CUBIC METALS; FCC METALS; DEFORMATION AB A mechanistic model of shock-wave-induced viscoplasticity is parameterized for three polycrystalline metals: Cu, Ni, and Al. The model is also extended to higher stress wave amplitudes by incorporating homogeneous dislocation nucleation within the constitutive framework. Steady shock waves are simulated to demonstrate the model and compare results to experimental data. Stress wave amplitudes of up to 30 GPa have been simulated in each metal; these stress waves generate strain rates of up to similar to 10(10) s(-1) in the shock front. Model results compare favorably with experimental velocity profiles, dynamic stress-strain curves, the Swegle-Grady scaling law, and non-invasive measurements of shear strength in the shocked state. Furthermore, simulated stress-strain-rate profiles exhibit points of self-intersection (loops) because the mobile and immobile dislocation densities have been assigned as internal state variables. Such loops, which have been observed in experiments, are not captured by flow functions that are based on a single monotonically-increasing internal state variable. Finally, the model of 6061-T6 Al alloy is revisited to ammend a prior conclusion regarding shear strength in the shocked state and the onset of homogeneous dislocation nucleation. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Austin, Ryan A.; McDowell, David L.] Georgia Inst Technol, George W Woodruff Sch Mech Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [McDowell, David L.] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. RP Austin, RA (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, 7000 E Ave, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM austin28@llnl.gov RI Austin, Ryan/J-9003-2014 FU AFRL; NDSEG; NSF CMMI [0758265]; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC52-07NA27344] FX The authors are grateful for the support of AFRL, Eglin AFB (Y. Hone, technical monitor) in developing constitutive relations to simulate higher fidelity mechanisms of particle interactions in shocked powder mixtures. RAA would also like to acknowledge support from the NDSEG fellowship program. DIM is grateful for the support of the Carter N. Paden, Jr. Distinguished Chair in Metals Processing and NSF CMMI Grant 0758265 on Multiresolution, Coarse-Grained Modeling of 3D Dislocation Nucleation and Migration. This work performed, in part, under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. NR 65 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 2 U2 44 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0749-6419 EI 1879-2154 J9 INT J PLASTICITY JI Int. J. Plast. PD MAY-JUN PY 2012 VL 32-33 BP 134 EP 154 DI 10.1016/j.ijplas.2011.11.002 PG 21 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mechanics SC Engineering; Materials Science; Mechanics GA 921XP UT WOS:000302511700009 ER PT J AU Pai, VM Kozlowski, M Donahue, D Miller, E Xiao, XH Chen, MY Yu, ZX Connelly, P Jeffries, K Wen, H AF Pai, Vinay M. Kozlowski, Megan Donahue, Danielle Miller, Elishiah Xiao, Xianghui Chen, Marcus Y. Yu, Zu-Xi Connelly, Patricia Jeffries, Kenneth Wen, Han TI Coronary artery wall imaging in mice using osmium tetroxide and micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) SO JOURNAL OF ANATOMY LA English DT Article DE apolipoprotein E; atherosclerosis; coronary artery wall; micro-computed tomography; osmium ID X-RAY MICROTOMOGRAPHY; KNOCKOUT MICE; APOLIPOPROTEIN-E; MOUSE EMBRYOS; HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA; LESIONS AB The high spatial resolution of micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) is ideal for 3D imaging of coronary arteries in intact mouse heart specimens. Previously, micro-CT of mouse heart specimens utilized intravascular contrast agents that hardened within the vessel lumen and allowed a vascular cast to be made. However, for mouse coronary artery disease models, it is highly desirable to image coronary artery walls and highlight plaques. For this purpose, we describe an ex vivo contrast-enhanced micro-CT imaging technique based on tissue staining with osmium tetroxide (OsO4) solution. As a tissue-staining contrast agent, OsO4 is retained in the vessel wall and surrounding tissue during the fixation process and cleared from the vessel lumens. Its high X-ray attenuation makes the artery wall visible in CT. Additionally, since OsO4 preferentially binds to lipids, it highlights lipid deposition in the artery wall. We performed micro-CT of heart specimens of 5- to 25-week-old C57BL/6 wild-type mice and 5- to 13-week-old apolipoprotein E knockout (apoE-/-) mice at 10 mu m resolution. The results show that walls of coronary arteries as small as 45 mu m in diameter are visible using a table-top micro-CT scanner. Similar image clarity was achieved with 1/2000th the scan time using a synchrotron CT scanner. In 13-week-old apoE mice, lipid-rich plaques are visible in the aorta. Our study shows that the combination of OsO4 and micro-CT permits the visualization of the coronary artery wall in intact mouse hearts. C1 [Pai, Vinay M.; Kozlowski, Megan; Miller, Elishiah; Wen, Han] NHLBI, Imaging Phys Grp, Biochem & Biophys Ctr, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Chen, Marcus Y.] NHLBI, Adv Cardiovasc Imaging Grp, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Yu, Zu-Xi] NHLBI, Pathol Core Facil, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Connelly, Patricia] NHLBI, Electron Microscopy Core Facil, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Jeffries, Kenneth] NHLBI, LAMS, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Donahue, Danielle] NINDS, MIF, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Xiao, Xianghui] Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Miller, Elishiah] Univ Texas El Paso, Dept Comp Sci, El Paso, TX 79968 USA. RP Wen, H (reprint author), Room B1D416,Bldg 10,MSC 1061,9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. EM wenh@nhlbi.nih.gov RI Wen, Han/G-3081-2010 OI Wen, Han/0000-0001-6844-2997 FU Division of Intramural Research of the National Institutes of Health [HL006142-01]; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX This research was funded by the Division of Intramural Research of the National Institutes of Health (Project Number HL006142-01 to H.W.). Use of the Advanced Photon Source at Argonne National Laboratory was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. No conflicts of interest, financial or otherwise, are declared by the author(s). NR 23 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 2 U2 11 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0021-8782 J9 J ANAT JI J. Anat. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 220 IS 5 BP 514 EP 524 DI 10.1111/j.1469-7580.2012.01483.x PG 11 WC Anatomy & Morphology SC Anatomy & Morphology GA 922GX UT WOS:000302536500009 PM 22360411 ER PT J AU Brown, SD Klingeman, DM Lu, TYS Johnson, CM Utturkar, SM Land, ML Schadt, CW Doktycz, MJ Pelletier, DA AF Brown, Steven D. Klingeman, Dawn M. Lu, Tse-Yuan S. Johnson, Courtney M. Utturkar, Sagar M. Land, Miriam L. Schadt, Christopher W. Doktycz, Mitchel J. Pelletier, Dale A. TI Draft Genome Sequence of Rhizobium sp Strain PDO1-076, a Bacterium Isolated from Populus deltoides SO JOURNAL OF BACTERIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID RHIZOSPHERE AB Rhizobium sp. strain PDO1-076 is a plant-associated bacterium isolated from Populus deltoides, and its draft genome sequence is reported. C1 [Brown, Steven D.; Klingeman, Dawn M.; Lu, Tse-Yuan S.; Johnson, Courtney M.; Land, Miriam L.; Schadt, Christopher W.; Doktycz, Mitchel J.; Pelletier, Dale A.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Oak Ridge, TN USA. [Brown, Steven D.; Utturkar, Sagar M.; Schadt, Christopher W.; Doktycz, Mitchel J.; Pelletier, Dale A.] Univ Tennessee, Grad Sch Genome Sci & Technol, Knoxville, TN USA. RP Brown, SD (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Oak Ridge, TN USA. EM brownsd@ornl.gov; pelletierda@ornl.gov RI Klingeman, Dawn/B-9415-2012; Land, Miriam/A-6200-2011; Brown, Steven/A-6792-2011; Schadt, Christopher/B-7143-2008; Doktycz, Mitchel/A-7499-2011; OI Klingeman, Dawn/0000-0002-4307-2560; Land, Miriam/0000-0001-7102-0031; Brown, Steven/0000-0002-9281-3898; Schadt, Christopher/0000-0001-8759-2448; Doktycz, Mitchel/0000-0003-4856-8343; Utturkar, Sagar/0000-0002-3453-1948 FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Biological and Environmental Research, Plant Microbe Interfaces Scientific Focus Area; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC05-00OR22725] FX This research was sponsored by the Genomic Science Program, U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Biological and Environmental Research, as part of the Plant Microbe Interfaces Scientific Focus Area (http://pmi.ornl.gov). Oak Ridge National Laboratory is managed by UT-Battelle LLC for the U.S. Department of Energy under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725. NR 12 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0021-9193 J9 J BACTERIOL JI J. Bacteriol. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 194 IS 9 BP 2383 EP 2384 DI 10.1128/JB.00198-12 PG 2 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 926CH UT WOS:000302808400032 PM 22493196 ER PT J AU Davis, JR Goodwin, LA Woyke, T Teshima, H Bruce, D Detter, C Tapia, R Han, S Han, J Pitluck, S Nolan, M Mikhailova, N Land, ML Sello, JK AF Davis, Jennifer R. Goodwin, Lynne A. Woyke, Tanja Teshima, Hazuki Bruce, David Detter, Chris Tapia, Roxanne Han, Shunsheng Han, James Pitluck, Sam Nolan, Matt Mikhailova, Natalia Land, Miriam L. Sello, Jason K. TI Genome Sequence of Amycolatopsis sp Strain ATCC 39116, a Plant Biomass-Degrading Actinomycete SO JOURNAL OF BACTERIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID LIGNIN DEGRADATION AB We announce the availability of a high-quality draft of the genome sequence of Amycolatopsis sp. strain 39116, one of few bacterial species that are known to consume the lignin component of plant biomass. This genome sequence will further ongoing efforts to use microorganisms for the conversion of plant biomass into fuels and high-value chemicals. C1 [Sello, Jason K.] Brown Univ, Dept Chem, Providence, RI 02912 USA. [Davis, Jennifer R.] Brown Univ, Dept Mol Pharmacol Physiol & Biotechnol, Providence, RI 02912 USA. [Goodwin, Lynne A.; Woyke, Tanja; Bruce, David; Detter, Chris; Tapia, Roxanne; Han, James; Pitluck, Sam; Nolan, Matt; Mikhailova, Natalia] DOE Joint Genome Inst, Walnut Creek, CA USA. [Goodwin, Lynne A.; Teshima, Hazuki; Bruce, David; Detter, Chris; Tapia, Roxanne; Han, Shunsheng] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Los Alamos, NM USA. RP Sello, JK (reprint author), Brown Univ, Dept Chem, Providence, RI 02912 USA. EM jason_sello@brown.edu RI Land, Miriam/A-6200-2011 OI Land, Miriam/0000-0001-7102-0031 FU Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; National Science Foundation [MCB-09020713, MCB-1053319]; Office of the Vice President for Research at Brown University FX The work conducted by the U.S. Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute is supported by the Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy under contract no. DE-AC02-05CH11231. In addition, this work was generously supported by National Science Foundation research grants (MCB-09020713 and MCB-1053319) and a SEED award from the Office of the Vice President for Research at Brown University to J.K.S. Support for J.R.D. comes from a National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship. NR 15 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 2 U2 17 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0021-9193 J9 J BACTERIOL JI J. Bacteriol. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 194 IS 9 BP 2396 EP 2397 DI 10.1128/JB.00186-12 PG 2 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 926CH UT WOS:000302808400039 PM 22493203 ER PT J AU Banks, JW Henshaw, WD Schwendeman, DW AF Banks, Jeffrey W. Henshaw, William D. Schwendeman, Donald W. TI Deforming composite grids for solving fluid structure problems SO JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Fluid-structure interactions; Overlapping grids; Gas dynamics; Elasticity; Interface stability; Added-mass instability ID PARTIAL-DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS; ADAPTIVE MESH REFINEMENT; OVERLAPPING GRIDS; NUMERICAL-SIMULATION; BODIES; SCHEME; FLOW; COMPUTATION; GENERATION; INTERFACE AB We describe a mixed Eulerian-Lagrangian approach for solving fluid-structure interaction (FSI) problems. The technique, which uses deforming composite grids (DCG), is applied to FSI problems that couple high speed compressible flow with elastic solids. The fluid and solid domains are discretized with composite overlapping grids. Curvilinear grids are aligned with each interface and these grids deform as the interface evolves. The majority of grid points in the fluid domain generally belong to background Cartesian grids which do not move during a simulation. The FSI-DCG approach allows large displacements of the interfaces while retaining high quality grids. Efficiency is obtained through the use of structured grids and Cartesian grids. The governing equations in the fluid and solid domains are evolved in a partitioned approach. We solve the compressible Euler equations in the fluid domains using a high-order Godunov finite-volume scheme. We solve the linear elastodynamic equations in the solid domains using a second-order upwind scheme. We develop interface approximations based on the solution of a fluid-solid Riemann problem that results in a stable scheme even for the difficult case of light solids coupled to heavy fluids. The FSI-DCG approach is verified for three problems with known solutions, an elastic-piston problem, the superseismic shock problem and a deforming diffuser. In addition, a self convergence study is performed for an elastic shock hitting a fluid filled cavity. The overall FSI-DCG scheme is shown to be second-order accurate in the max-norm for smooth solutions, and robust and stable for problems with discontinuous solutions for a wide range of constitutive parameters. (C) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Banks, Jeffrey W.; Henshaw, William D.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Ctr Appl Sci Comp, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. [Schwendeman, Donald W.] Rensselaer Polytech Inst, Dept Math Sci, Troy, NY 12180 USA. RP Henshaw, WD (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Ctr Appl Sci Comp, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM banks20@llnl.gov; henshaw1@llnl.gov; schwed@rpi.edu RI Banks, Jeffrey/A-9718-2012 FU US Department of Energy (DOE) by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344]; DOE from ASCR; Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [8548468]; National Science Foundation [DMS-0532160, DMS-1016188] FX This work was performed under the auspices of the US Department of Energy (DOE) by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344 and by DOE contracts from the ASCR Applied Math Program.; This research was supported by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under subcontract 8548468, and by the National Science Foundation under grants DMS-0532160 and DMS-1016188. NR 44 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 14 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0021-9991 J9 J COMPUT PHYS JI J. Comput. Phys. PD MAY 1 PY 2012 VL 231 IS 9 BP 3518 EP 3547 DI 10.1016/j.jcp.2011.12.034 PG 30 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Mathematical SC Computer Science; Physics GA 921TV UT WOS:000302501500003 ER PT J AU Shunn, L Ham, F Moin, P AF Shunn, Lee Ham, Frank Moin, Parviz TI Verification of variable-density flow solvers using manufactured solutions SO JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Code verification; Method of manufactured solutions; Numerical error; Variable-density; Equation-of-state ID PREMIXED TURBULENT COMBUSTION; CONDITIONAL MOMENT CLOSURE; SIMULATION; MODELS; CODES AB The method of manufactured solutions (MMS) is used to verify the convergence properties of a low-Mach number, variable-density flow code. Three MMS problems relevant to combustion applications are presented and tested on a variety of structured and unstructured grids. Several issues are investigated, including the use of tabulated state properties (i.e., density) and the effect of sub-iterations in the time-advancement method. The MMS implementations provide a quantitative framework to evaluate the impact of these practices on the code's convergence and order-of-accuracy. Simulation results show that linear interpolation of the equation-of-state causes numerical fluctuations that impede convergence and reduce accuracy. Likewise, the sub-iterative time-advancement scheme requires a significant number of outer iterations to subdue splitting errors in highly nonlinear combustion problems. These findings highlight the importance of careful code and solution verification in the simulation of variable-density flows. (C) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Shunn, Lee; Moin, Parviz] Stanford Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Ham, Frank; Moin, Parviz] Stanford Univ, Ctr Turbulence Res, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. RP Shunn, L (reprint author), Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. EM lee.shunn@inl.gov FU US Department of Energy FX This work was supported by the US Department of Energy through the Predictive Science Academic Alliance Program (PSAAP). Computer resources were provided by Sandia and Lawrence Livermore National Laboratories. NR 38 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 10 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0021-9991 J9 J COMPUT PHYS JI J. Comput. Phys. PD MAY 1 PY 2012 VL 231 IS 9 BP 3801 EP 3827 DI 10.1016/j.jcp.2012.01.027 PG 27 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Mathematical SC Computer Science; Physics GA 921TV UT WOS:000302501500018 ER PT J AU Marchant, NL Reed, BR DeCarli, CS Madison, CM Weiner, MW Chui, HC Jagust, WJ AF Marchant, Natalie L. Reed, Bruce R. DeCarli, Charles S. Madison, Cindee M. Weiner, Michael W. Chui, Helena C. Jagust, William J. TI Cerebrovascular disease, beta-amyloid, and cognition in aging SO NEUROBIOLOGY OF AGING LA English DT Article DE PIB; Cerebrovascular disease; Episodic memory; Executive functioning; Cognition ID PITTSBURGH COMPOUND-B; MATTER HYPERINTENSITY VOLUME; SMALL-VESSEL DISEASE; ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE; CARDIOVASCULAR HEALTH; VASCULAR DEMENTIA; BRAIN STRUCTURE; OLDER PERSONS; IMPAIRMENT; MRI AB The present study evaluated cerebrovascular disease (CVD), beta-amyloid (A beta), and cognition in clinically normal elderly adults. Fifty-four participants underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI,), Pittsburgh compound 13 (PIB) position emission tomography (PET) imaging, and neuropsychological evaluation. High white matter hyperintensity burden and/or presence of infarct defined CVD status (CVD-: n = 27; CVD+: n = 27). PIB-positron emission tomography ratios of A beta deposition were extracted using Logan plotting (cerebellar reference). Presence of high levels of A beta in prespecified regions determined PIB status (PIB-: n = 33; PIB+: n = 21). Executive functioning and episodic memory were measured using composite scales. CVD and A beta, defined as dichotomous or continuous variables, were unrelated to one another. CVD+ participants showed lower executive functioning (p = 0.001) when compared with CVD- individuals. Neither PIB status nor amount of A beta affected cognition (ps >= 0.45), and there was no statistical interaction between CVD and PIB on either cognitive measure. Within this spectrum of normal aging CVD and A beta aggregation appear to he independent processes with CVD primarily affecting cognition. (C) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Marchant, Natalie L.; Madison, Cindee M.; Jagust, William J.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Helen Wills Neurosci Inst, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Marchant, Natalie L.; Jagust, William J.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Reed, Bruce R.; DeCarli, Charles S.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Neurol, Sch Med, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Weiner, Michael W.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Ctr Imaging Neurodegenerat Dis, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Chui, Helena C.] Univ So Calif, Keck Sch Med, Dept Neurol, Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA. RP Marchant, NL (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Helen Wills Neurosci Inst, 132 Barker Hall,MC 3190, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM nlmarchant@gmail.com OI Marchant, Natalie/0000-0003-0669-6910 FU NIH [AG012435, AG034570]; Alzheimer's Association [ZEN-08-87090] FX This work was supported by NIH grants AG012435 and AG034570 and by the Alzheimer's Association (ZEN-08-87090). The authors thank Adi Alkalay, Nexi Delgado, Amynta Hayenga, Stephen Krieger, Joel Laxamana, Candace Markley, Shawn Marks, Oliver Martinez, and Elizabeth Mormino for assistance with participant recruitment, cognitive testing, and image analysis, NR 78 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0197-4580 J9 NEUROBIOL AGING JI Neurobiol. Aging PD MAY PY 2012 VL 33 IS 5 AR 1006.e25 DI 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2011.10.001 PG 12 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Neurosciences SC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 921OF UT WOS:000302486200029 PM 22048124 ER PT J AU Brezina, M Vanek, P Vassilevski, PS AF Brezina, Marian Vanek, Petr Vassilevski, Panayot S. TI An improved convergence analysis of smoothed aggregation algebraic multigrid SO NUMERICAL LINEAR ALGEBRA WITH APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE smoothed aggregation; algebraic multigrid; convergence analysis; polynomial smoother; aggressive coarsening ID UNSTRUCTURED MESHES; ELLIPTIC PROBLEMS AB We present an improved analysis of the smoothed aggregation algebraic multigrid method extending the original proof in [Numer. Math. 2001; 88:559579] and its modification in [Multilevel Block Factorization Preconditioners. Matrix-based Analysis and Algorithms for Solving Finite Element Equations. Springer: New York, 2008]. The new result imposes fewer restrictions on the aggregates that makes it easier to verify in practice. Also, we extend a result in [Appl. Math. 2011] that allows us to use aggressive coarsening at all levels. This is due to the properties of the special polynomial smoother that we use and analyze. In particular, we obtain bounds in the multilevel convergence estimates that are independent of the coarsening ratio. Numerical illustration is also provided. Copyright (c) 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 [Brezina, Marian] Univ Colorado, Dept Appl Math, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Vanek, Petr] Univ W Bohemia, Dept Math, Plzen 30614, Czech Republic. [Vassilevski, Panayot S.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Ctr Appl Sci Comp, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Vassilevski, PS (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Ctr Appl Sci Comp, 7000 East Ave,Mail Stop L-560, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM panayot@llnl.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344] FX This work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. NR 12 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1070-5325 J9 NUMER LINEAR ALGEBR JI Numer. Linear Algebr. Appl. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 19 IS 3 BP 441 EP 469 DI 10.1002/nla.775 PG 29 WC Mathematics, Applied; Mathematics SC Mathematics GA 923NK UT WOS:000302625800002 ER PT J AU Susan, DF Knorovsky, GA Robino, CV Michael, JR Rodriguez, MA Perricone, MJ AF Susan, D. F. Knorovsky, G. A. Robino, C. V. Michael, J. R. Rodriguez, M. A. Perricone, M. J. TI Surface alloy depletion and martensite formation during glass to metal joining of austenitic stainless steels SO SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY OF WELDING AND JOINING LA English DT Article DE Joining; Oxidation; Glass; Stainless Steel; Martensite ID MICROSTRUCTURAL DEVELOPMENT; ISOTHERMAL OXIDATION; C ALLOYS; PART I; TEMPERATURE; CHEMISTRY; GROWTH; PREOXIDATION AB Preoxidised and glass to metal (GtM) sealed austenitic stainless steels displayed a ferritic (bcc) layer near the metal/oxide interface, as determined by electron backscatter diffraction and X-ray diffraction. Through electron probe microanalysis, it was determined that this layer was depleted of alloying elements due to the oxidation and sealing processes. Characterisation of the layer morphology suggested that it formed through the martensite transformation mechanism. Thermochemical modelling with ThermoCalc also supported a martensitic transformation as opposed to diffusional ferrite formation. The composition gradient through the layer was correlated to the Eichelman and Hull empirical relationship for martensite start (M-s) temperatures. Because of Cr, Mn and Si depletion during preoxidation and glass sealing, M-s temperatures near ambient are possible in this surface region. The martensite layer was non-uniform, however, with laths extending deeper into the alloy due to stabilised growth in the material above its M-s temperature. This behaviour was characterised by image analysis techniques and discussed in terms of martensite stability and microstructural effects. Possible negative aspects of bcc phase formation on GtM seal properties are discussed, and analyses of alternative alloys 21-6-9 (tradename Nitronic 40; Armco Holding Corp., West Chester, OH, USA) and 22-13-5 (Nitronic 50) showed reduction or elimination of martensite after GtM joining. C1 [Susan, D. F.; Knorovsky, G. A.; Robino, C. V.; Michael, J. R.; Rodriguez, M. A.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Perricone, M. J.] RJ Lee Grp Inc, Monroeville, PA USA. RP Susan, DF (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM dfsusan@sandia.gov NR 29 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 9 PU MANEY PUBLISHING PI LEEDS PA STE 1C, JOSEPHS WELL, HANOVER WALK, LEEDS LS3 1AB, W YORKS, ENGLAND SN 1362-1718 J9 SCI TECHNOL WELD JOI JI Sci. Technol. Weld. Join. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 17 IS 4 BP 321 EP 332 DI 10.1179/1362171812Y.0000000011 PG 12 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 922KF UT WOS:000302545100011 ER PT J AU Abercrombie, RK Udoeyop, AW Schlicher, BG AF Abercrombie, Robert K. Udoeyop, Akaninyene W. Schlicher, Bob G. TI A study of scientometric methods to identify emerging technologies via modeling of milestones SO SCIENTOMETRICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Conference on Scientometrics and Informetrics CY JUL 04-07, 2011 CL Univ Zululand, Durban, SOUTH AFRICA SP Int Soc Scientometr & Informetr (ISSI), Durban Univ Technol HO Univ Zululand DE Knowledge exchange; Emerging technologies identification; Technology life cycle modeling; Scholarly publications and citations; Patents; News archives; On-line mapping networks; Normalization of disparate data sets AB This work examines a scientometric model that tracks the emergence of an identified technology from initial discovery (via original scientific and conference literature), through critical discoveries (via original scientific, conference literature and patents), transitioning through Technology Readiness Levels (TRLs) and ultimately on to commercial application. During the period of innovation and technology transfer, the impact of scholarly works, patents and on-line web news sources are identified. As trends develop, currency of citations, collaboration indicators, and on-line news patterns are identified. The combinations of four distinct and separate searchable on-line networked sources (i.e., scholarly publications and citation, patents, news archives, and on-line mapping networks) are assembled to become one collective network (a dataset for analysis of relations). This established network becomes the basis from which to quickly analyze the temporal flow of activity (searchable events) for the example subject domain we investigated. C1 [Abercrombie, Robert K.; Schlicher, Bob G.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Udoeyop, Akaninyene W.] Cisco Syst, Adv Secur Initiat Grp, Knoxville, TN 37932 USA. RP Abercrombie, RK (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM abercrombier@ornl.gov; audoeyop@cisco.com; schlicherbg@ornl.gov OI Abercrombie, Robert/0000-0003-0949-4070 NR 40 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 54 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0138-9130 J9 SCIENTOMETRICS JI Scientometrics PD MAY PY 2012 VL 91 IS 2 BP 327 EP 342 DI 10.1007/s11192-011-0614-4 PG 16 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Information Science & Library Science SC Computer Science; Information Science & Library Science GA 921LD UT WOS:000302478200003 ER PT J AU Cerreta, EK Escobedo, JP Perez-Bergquist, A Koller, DD Trujillo, CP Gray, GT Brandl, C Germann, TC AF Cerreta, E. K. Escobedo, J. P. Perez-Bergquist, A. Koller, D. D. Trujillo, C. P. Gray, G. T., III Brandl, C. Germann, T. C. TI Early stage dynamic damage and the role of grain boundary type SO SCRIPTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article DE Grain boundaries; Impact behavior; Microstructure; Demage ID COPPER; BEHAVIOR; STRAIN; STRENGTH; TANTALUM; FRACTURE; SPALL AB The role of grain boundary type in the early stages of dynamic damage evolution in copper has been investigated. Through a combination of polycrystalline and large-grained specimens, it has been shown that Sigma 3 and low-angle boundaries are resistant to void nucleation during shock loading to peak compressive stresses between 1.5 and 2.5 GPa. It is postulated that these boundaries promote slip transmission or secondary slip activation and thereby relieve the stress concentrations necessary for void nucleation at a boundary. Published by Elsevier Ltd. on behalf of Acta Materialia Inc. C1 [Cerreta, E. K.; Escobedo, J. P.; Perez-Bergquist, A.; Koller, D. D.; Trujillo, C. P.; Gray, G. T., III] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Brandl, C.; Germann, T. C.] MS Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Cerreta, EK (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, MST 8,MS G755, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM ecerreta@lanl.gov RI Brandl, Christian/C-6405-2009; Escobedo, Juan/J-9077-2012; Brandl, Christian/D-4013-2015; OI Brandl, Christian/0000-0003-1587-4678; Brandl, Christian/0000-0003-1587-4678; Escobedo-Diaz, Juan/0000-0003-2413-7119; Germann, Timothy/0000-0002-6813-238X FU NNSA of the US Department of Energy [DE-AC52-06NA25396]; DoD/DoE; Office of Basic Energy Sciences Energy Frontier Research Center for Materials at Irradiation and Mechanical Extremes (CMIME); [LDRD-DR20100026] FX Los Alamos National Laboratory is operated by LANS, LLC, for the NNSA of the US Department of Energy under Contract DE-AC52-06NA25396. This work was supported by the Joint DoD/DoE Munitions Technology Development Program, the Office of Basic Energy Sciences Energy Frontier Research Center for Materials at Irradiation and Mechanical Extremes (CMIME), and LDRD-DR20100026. NR 19 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 3 U2 30 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6462 J9 SCRIPTA MATER JI Scr. Mater. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 66 IS 9 BP 638 EP 641 DI 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2012.01.051 PG 4 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 920RN UT WOS:000302425100007 ER PT J AU Holm, EA Foiles, SM Homer, ER Olmsted, DL AF Holm, Elizabeth A. Foiles, Stephen M. Homer, Eric R. Olmsted, David L. TI Comment on "Toward realistic molecular dynamics simulations of grain boundary mobility" by Zhou and Mohles SO SCRIPTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Editorial Material DE Grain boundary migration; Molecular dynamics; MD simulations; Aluminum ID ATOMISTIC SIMULATIONS; MIGRATION; MOTION; RECRYSTALLIZATION; FLUCTUATIONS; COPPER AB Zhou and Mohles [J. Zhou, and V. Mohles, Acta Materialia 59, 5997 (2011)] recently presented a molecular dynamics (MD) simulation of grain boundary motion that contradicts the results of all previous such simulations. Here we show: (i) the Zhou-Mohles (Z-M) model incorporates a fundamental error in the definition of the atomic energy and forces; (ii) because of this error, the driving force for boundary motion is unknown; (iii) the Z-M model contains an additional, unrecognized, nonlinear driving force; and (iv) these observations explain and invalidate the Z-M results. (C) 2012 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Holm, Elizabeth A.; Foiles, Stephen M.] Sandia Natl Labs, Computat Mat Sci & Engn Dept, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Homer, Eric R.] Brigham Young Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Provo, UT 84602 USA. [Olmsted, David L.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Holm, EA (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Computat Mat Sci & Engn Dept, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM eaholm@sandia.gov RI Holm, Elizabeth/S-2612-2016; OI Holm, Elizabeth/0000-0003-3064-5769; Foiles, Stephen/0000-0002-1907-454X NR 29 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 19 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6462 J9 SCRIPTA MATER JI Scr. Mater. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 66 IS 9 BP 714 EP 716 DI 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2011.11.046 PG 3 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 920RN UT WOS:000302425100026 ER PT J AU Yang, JB Osetsky, YN Stoller, RE Nagai, Y Hasegawa, M AF Yang, J. B. Osetsky, Y. N. Stoller, R. E. Nagai, Y. Hasegawa, M. TI The effect of twist angle on anisotropic mobility of {110} hexagonal dislocation networks in alpha-iron SO SCRIPTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article DE Atomic simulation; Plastic deformation; Yield phenomena; Dislocations; Grain boundary defects ID CENTERED-CUBIC METALS; BCC TRANSITION-METALS; SCREW DISLOCATIONS; LATH MARTENSITE; CORE STRUCTURE; PLASTIC-DEFORMATION; CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; CRYSTALS; SLIP; FE AB The anisotropic mobility of hexagonal dislocation networks (HDNs) in a series of (1 (1) over bar 0) twist boundaries under applied shear stress has been studied at the atomic scale in alpha-iron. A strong angular effect on the HDN mobility is found to be correlated with the dislocation core structure. The vector form of the Orowan equation and differential displacement maps of dislocation cores are used to account for the HDN behavior under loading. Published by Elsevier Ltd. on behalf of Acta Materialia Inc. C1 [Yang, J. B.; Osetsky, Y. N.; Stoller, R. E.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Nagai, Y.; Hasegawa, M.] Tohoku Univ, Inst Mat Res, Oarai Ctr, Oarai, Ibaraki 3111313, Japan. RP Yang, JB (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, 1 Bethel Valley Rd,POB 2008,MS-6114, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM yangj@ornl.gov RI Stoller, Roger/H-4454-2011; Nagai, Yasuyoshi/A-8995-2011; yang, jinbo/C-3299-2015 OI yang, jinbo/0000-0002-6501-7626 FU US Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Sciences and Engineering Division; Office of Fusion Energy Sciences; Ministry of Education, Science and Culture [17002009, 18686077, 15106015] FX This research was supported by the US Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Sciences and Engineering Division (JBY and YNO) and the Office of Fusion Energy Sciences (RES). Y.N. and M.H. would like to thank Grant-in-Aids for Scientific Research of the Ministry of Education, Science and Culture (Nos. 17002009, 18686077 and 15106015). The authors would like to thank Prof. Anna Serra for helpful discussions. NR 26 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 32 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6462 J9 SCRIPTA MATER JI Scr. Mater. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 66 IS 10 BP 761 EP 764 DI 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2012.01.061 PG 4 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 925JB UT WOS:000302756400011 ER PT J AU Solanki, KN Jordon, JB Whittington, W Rao, H Hubbard, CR AF Solanki, K. N. Jordon, J. B. Whittington, W. Rao, H. Hubbard, C. R. TI Structure-property relationships and residual stress quantification of a friction stir spot welded magnesium alloy SO SCRIPTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article DE Structure-property; Friction stir spot weld; Magnesium alloys; Residual stress ID 304L STAINLESS-STEEL; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; TENSILE BEHAVIOR; GRAIN-SIZE; MG ALLOY; MICROSTRUCTURE; TEXTURE; AZ31B; JOINT AB Structure-property relationships and spatial residual stress distribution in a friction stir spot welded magnesium alloy (AZ31) sheet was investigated to elucidate the incipient deformation mechanisms and welding process parameters. Experimental results revealed a decrease in the tensile and compressive yield strengths, as well as an increase in ductility and grain size, as the tool rotational speed and shoulder depth increased. Residual stresses were measured using neutron diffraction, and a strong dependency was found between the grain size, residual stress and the welding parameters. (C) 2012 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Solanki, K. N.] Arizona State Univ, Sch Engn Matter Transport & Energy, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. [Jordon, J. B.; Rao, H.] Univ Alabama, Dept Mech Engn, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA. [Whittington, W.] Mississippi State Univ, Ctr Adv Vehicular Syst, Starkville, MS 39759 USA. [Hubbard, C. R.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Solanki, KN (reprint author), Arizona State Univ, Sch Engn Matter Transport & Energy, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. EM kiran.solanki@asu.edu RI Solanki, Kiran/E-8337-2010; OI Solanki, Kiran/0000-0002-4385-620X; Rao, Harish M/0000-0001-8095-6763 FU Department of Energy (DOE) - Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Vehicle Technology; DOE, Office of Science, Facilities Division; DOE National Energy Technology Laboratory [DE-FC26-02OR22910, DE-EE0003583]; agency of the United States Government FX The authors would like to recognize members of the United States Automotive Materials partnership (USAMP) Magnesium Front End R&D project, J. Quinn, J. Forsmark, R. Verma, X. Su, A. Luo, R. McCune, A.K. Khosrovaneh, and L. Zhang for their encouragement of this study. The authors would also like to thank H. Badarinarayan for providing the FSSW coupons. The residual stress portion of this work was conducted at the NRSF2 facility at HFIR. NRSF2 is a component of the High Temperature Materials Laboratory User Program sponsored by the Department of Energy (DOE) - Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Vehicle Technology. The HFIR is sponsored by the DOE, Office of Science, Facilities Division. This material is based upon work supported by the DOE National Energy Technology Laboratory under Award Numbers DE-FC26-02OR22910 and DE-EE0003583. This report was prepared as an account of work sponsored by an agency of the United States Government. Neither the US Government nor any agency thereof, nor any of their employees, makes any warranty, express or implied, or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights. NR 31 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 3 U2 21 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6462 J9 SCRIPTA MATER JI Scr. Mater. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 66 IS 10 BP 797 EP 800 DI 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2012.02.011 PG 4 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 925JB UT WOS:000302756400020 ER PT J AU Baik, SI Olszta, MJ Bruemmer, SM Seidman, DN AF Baik, Sung-Il Olszta, M. J. Bruemmer, S. M. Seidman, David N. TI Grain-boundary structure and segregation behavior in a nickel-base stainless alloy SO SCRIPTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article DE Grain boundary composition; Grain boundary structure; Segregation; Nickel-base alloy; Atom-probe tomography ID SUBNANOMETER SCALE; ATOMIC-SCALE; SOLUTE; INTERFACE; CARBON; LASER; EBSD AB Atom-probe tomography (APT) is utilized to obtain three-dimensional chemical information concerning grain boundary (GB) segregation in a Ni-Cr-Fe alloy 600 with atomic spatial resolution. Detailed crystallography of GBs is determined using an approach that combines electron backscatter diffraction and focused ion-beam microscopy to establish a GB's five macroscopic degrees of freedom, followed by an APT GB composition analysis. Characterizations of GB microstructure and microchemistry are performed to improve our understanding of mechanisms controlling intergranular attack and stress-corrosion cracking. (C) 2012 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Baik, Sung-Il; Seidman, David N.] Northwestern Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. [Seidman, David N.] Northwestern Univ, Ctr Atom Probe Tomog, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. [Olszta, M. J.; Bruemmer, S. M.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Seidman, DN (reprint author), Northwestern Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, 2220 Campus Dr, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. EM d-seidman@northwestern.edu RI Seidman, David/B-6697-2009 FU Office of Basic Energy Sciences, US Department of Energy under Pacific Northwest National Laboratory [DE-AC06-76RLO 1830]; NSF-MRI [DMR-0420532]; ONR-DURIP [N00014-0400798, N00014-0610539, N00014-0910781]; NSF's MRSEC [DMR-1121262]; ISEN FX This research is supported by the Office of Basic Energy Sciences, US Department of Energy under contract DE-AC06-76RLO 1830 at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory. Interactions and helpful discussions are acknowledged with P. Chou of EPRI and L. Fournier of AREVA. The APT measurements were performed at the NUCAPT. The LEAP tomograph was purchased and upgraded with funding from NSF-MRI (DMR-0420532) and ONR-DURIP (N00014-0400798, N00014-0610539, N00014-0910781) grants. This work was supported by the NSF's MRSEC program (DMR-1121262) and made use of its Shared Facilities at the Materials Research Center of Northwestern University. We also gratefully acknowledge the ISEN for grants to upgrade the capabilities of NUCAPT. NR 30 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 2 U2 34 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6462 J9 SCRIPTA MATER JI Scr. Mater. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 66 IS 10 BP 809 EP 812 DI 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2012.02.014 PG 4 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 925JB UT WOS:000302756400023 ER PT J AU Wang, GS Post, WM Mayes, MA Frerichs, JT Sindhu, J AF Wang, Gangsheng Post, Wilfred M. Mayes, Melanie A. Frerichs, Joshua T. Sindhu, Jagadamma TI Parameter estimation for models of ligninolytic and cellulolytic enzyme kinetics SO SOIL BIOLOGY & BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Cellulases; Enzyme kinetics; Half-saturation constant; Ligninases; Specific enzyme activity ID SOIL ORGANIC-MATTER; AGROBACTERIUM BETA-GLUCOSIDASE; SOLID-STATE FERMENTATION; CLOSTRIDIUM-THERMOCELLUM; ASPERGILLUS-NIGER; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; PHENOL OXIDASE; MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION; TEMPERATURE SENSITIVITY; HORSERADISH-PEROXIDASE AB While soil enzymes have been explicitly included in the soil organic carbon (SOC) decomposition models, there is a serious lack of suitable data for model parameterization. This study provides well-documented enzymatic parameters for application in enzyme-driven SOC decomposition models from a compilation and analysis of published measurements. In particular, we developed appropriate kinetic parameters for five typical ligninolytic and cellulolytic enzymes (beta-glucosidase, cellobiohydrolase, endo-glucanase, peroxidase, and phenol oxidase). The kinetic parameters included the maximum specific enzyme activity (V-max) and half-saturation constant (K-m) in the Michaelis-Menten equation. The activation energy (Ea) and the pH optimum and sensitivity (pH(opt) and pH(sen)) were also analyzed. pH(sen) was estimated by fitting an exponential-quadratic function. The V-max values, often presented in different units under various measurement conditions, were converted into the same units at a reference temperature (20 degrees C) and pH(opt). Major conclusions are: (i) Both V-max and K-m were log-normal distributed, with no significant difference in V-max exhibited between enzymes originating from bacteria or fungi. (ii) No significant difference in V-max was found between cellulases and ligninases; however, there was significant difference in K-m between them. (iii) Ligninases had higher Ea values and lower pH(opt) than cellulases; average ratio of PHsen to pH(opt) ranged 0.3-0.4 for the five enzymes, which means that an increase or decrease of 1.1-1.7 pH units from pH(opt) would reduce V-max by 50%. (iv) Our analysis indicated that the V-max values from lab measurements with purified enzymes were 1-2 orders of magnitude higher than those for use in SOC decomposition models under field conditions. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Wang, Gangsheng; Post, Wilfred M.; Mayes, Melanie A.; Sindhu, Jagadamma] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Frerichs, Joshua T.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RP Wang, GS (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM wangg@ornl.gov RI Post, Wilfred/B-8959-2012; Jagadamma, Sindhu/F-7168-2012; Wang, Gangsheng/F-8940-2012 OI Wang, Gangsheng/0000-0002-8117-5034 FU Oak Ridge National Laboratory; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC05-00OR22725] FX Research sponsored by the Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program (gs1) of Oak Ridge National Laboratory, managed by UT-Battelle, LLC, for the U.S. Department of Energy under contract No. DE-AC05-00OR22725. The authors thank Dr. Jessica M. Steinweg for her constructive comments. Thanks also go to the reviewer Bruce Caldwell and another anonymous reviewer for their valuable comments. NR 139 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 4 U2 83 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0038-0717 J9 SOIL BIOL BIOCHEM JI Soil Biol. Biochem. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 48 BP 28 EP 38 DI 10.1016/j.soilbio.2012.01.011 PG 11 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 921AA UT WOS:000302449200004 ER PT J AU Bailey, VL Bilskis, CL Fansler, SJ McCue, LA Smith, JL Konopka, A AF Bailey, Vanessa L. Bilskis, Christina L. Fansler, Sarah J. McCue, Lee Ann Smith, Jeffrey L. Konopka, Allan TI Measurements of microbial community activities in individual soil macroaggregates SO SOIL BIOLOGY & BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Microscale; Aggregates; Enzyme activities; ATP ID NO-TILLAGE SOILS; FOREST SOIL; CARBON; SEQUESTRATION; PURIFICATION; FRACTIONS; ENZYMES AB The functional potential of single soil macroaggregates may provide insights into the localized distribution of microbial activities better than traditional assays conducted on bulk quantities of soil. Thus, we scaled down enzyme assays for beta-glucosidase, N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase, lipase, and leucine aminopeptidase to measure of the enzyme potential of individual macroaggregates (250-1000 mu m diameter). Across all enzymes, the smallest macroaggregates had the greatest activity and the range of enzyme activities observed in all macroaggregates supports the hypothesis that functional potential in soil may be distributed in a patchy fashion. Paired analyses of ATP as a surrogate for active microbial biomass and beta-glucosidase on the same macroaggregates suggest the presence of both extracellular beta-glucosidase functioning in macroaggregates with no detectable ATP and also of relatively active microbial communities (high ATP) that have low beta-glucosidase potentials. Studying function at a scale more consistent with microbial habitat presents greater opportunity to link microbial community structure to microbial community function. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Bailey, Vanessa L.; Bilskis, Christina L.; Fansler, Sarah J.; McCue, Lee Ann; Konopka, Allan] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99354 USA. [Smith, Jeffrey L.] Washington State Univ, USDA, ARS, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Bailey, VL (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, 902 Battelle Blvd,MSIN J4-18, Richland, WA 99354 USA. EM vanessa.bailey@pnnl.gov OI Bailey, Vanessa/0000-0002-2248-8890; McCue, Lee Ann/0000-0003-4456-517X FU Pacific Northwest National Laboratory; DOE [DE-AC05-76RL01830] FX This research was funded by the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory's Lab Directed Research and Development program, and is a contribution of the PNNL Microbial Communities Initiative. PNNL is operated for the DOE by Battelle under contract DE-AC05-76RL01830. NR 20 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 8 U2 51 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0038-0717 J9 SOIL BIOL BIOCHEM JI Soil Biol. Biochem. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 48 BP 192 EP 195 DI 10.1016/j.soilbio.2012.01.004 PG 4 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 921AA UT WOS:000302449200023 ER PT J AU Ford, C Yusim, K Ioerger, T Feng, SH Chase, M Greene, M Korber, B Fortune, S AF Ford, Chris Yusim, Karina Ioerger, Tom Feng, Shihai Chase, Michael Greene, Mary Korber, Bette Fortune, Sarah TI Mycobacterium tuberculosis - Heterogeneity revealed through whole genome sequencing SO TUBERCULOSIS LA English DT Review DE Whole genome sequencing; Evolution; Heterogeneity; Mycobacterium tuberculosis ID EXOGENOUS REINFECTION; SOUTH-AFRICA; BEIJING-GENOTYPE; DIVERSITY; INFECTION; INSIGHTS; STRAIN AB The emergence of whole genome sequencing (WGS) technologies as primary research tools has allowed for the detection of genetic diversity in Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) with unprecedented resolution. WGS has been used to address a broad range of topics, including the dynamics of evolution, transmission and treatment. Here, we have analyzed 55 publically available genomes to reconstruct the phylogeny of Mtb, and we have addressed complications that arise during the analysis of publically available WGS data. Additionally, we have reviewed the application of WGS to the study of Mtb and discuss those areas still to be addressed, moving from global (phylogeography), to local (transmission chains and circulating strain diversity), to the single patient (clonal heterogeneity) and to the bacterium itself (evolutionary studies). Finally, we discuss the current WGS approaches, their strengths and limitations. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Ford, Chris; Chase, Michael; Fortune, Sarah] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Immunol & Infect Dis, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Yusim, Karina; Feng, Shihai; Greene, Mary; Korber, Bette] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Ioerger, Tom] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Comp Sci & Engn, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. RP Fortune, S (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Immunol & Infect Dis, 665 Huntington Ave,Bldg 1,Room 809, Boston, MA 02115 USA. EM sfortune@hsph.harvard.edu OI Korber, Bette/0000-0002-2026-5757 FU NIH [1DP20D001378]; NIAID [U19 AI076217] FX This work was partially supported by a NIH Director's New Innovator Award 1DP20D001378 and by a subcontract from NIAID U19 AI076217 to SF. NR 35 TC 28 Z9 29 U1 4 U2 16 PU CHURCHILL LIVINGSTONE PI EDINBURGH PA JOURNAL PRODUCTION DEPT, ROBERT STEVENSON HOUSE, 1-3 BAXTERS PLACE, LEITH WALK, EDINBURGH EH1 3AF, MIDLOTHIAN, SCOTLAND SN 1472-9792 J9 TUBERCULOSIS JI Tuberculosis PD MAY PY 2012 VL 92 IS 3 BP 194 EP 201 DI 10.1016/j.tube.2011.11.003 PG 8 WC Immunology; Microbiology; Respiratory System SC Immunology; Microbiology; Respiratory System GA 925QK UT WOS:000302775800002 PM 22218163 ER PT J AU Yan, HJ Saito, T Regan, JM AF Yan, Hengjing Saito, Tomonori Regan, John M. TI Nitrogen removal in a single-chamber microbial fuel cell with nitrifying biofilm enriched at the air cathode SO WATER RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Air cathode; Nitrification; Denitrification; Cathode biofilm ID WASTE-WATER; SIMULTANEOUS NITRIFICATION; ELECTRICITY-GENERATION; EXCHANGE MEMBRANE; DENITRIFICATION; CARBON; MICROENVIRONMENT; PERFORMANCE; REDUCTION; OXIDATION AB Nitrogen removal is needed in microbial fuel cells (MFCs) for the treatment of most waste streams. Current designs couple biological denitrification with side-stream or combined nitrification sustained by upstream or direct aeration, which negates some of the energy-saving benefits of MFC technology. To achieve simultaneous nitrification and denitrification, without extra energy input for aeration, the air cathode of a single-chamber MFC was pre-enriched with a nitrifying biofilm. Diethylamine-functionalized polymer (DEA) was used as the Pt catalyst binder on the cathode to improve the differential nitrifying biofilm establishment. With pre-enriched nitrifying biofilm, MFCs with the DEA binder had an ammonia removal efficiency of up to 96.8% and a maximum power density of 900 +/- 25 mW/m(2), compared to 90.7% and 945 +/- 42 mW/m(2) with a Nafion binder. A control with Nafion that lacked nitrifier pre-enrichment removed less ammonia and had lower power production (54.5% initially, 750 mW/m(2)). The nitrifying biofilm MFCs had lower Coulombic efficiencies (up to 27%) than the control reactor (up to 36%). The maximum total nitrogen removal efficiency reached 93.9% for MFCs with the DEA binder. The DEA binder accelerated nitrifier biofilm enrichment on the cathode, and enhanced system stability. These results demonstrated that with proper cathode pre-enrichment it is possible to simultaneously remove organics and ammonia in a single-chamber MFC without supplemental aeration. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Yan, Hengjing; Saito, Tomonori; Regan, John M.] Penn State Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Saito, Tomonori] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Saito, Tomonori] Penn State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RP Regan, JM (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. EM jregan@engr.psu.edu RI Yan, Hengjing/G-4227-2013; Saito, Tomonori/M-1735-2016 OI Saito, Tomonori/0000-0002-4536-7530 FU King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) [KUS-I1-003-13] FX This research was supported by Award KUS-I1-003-13 from the King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST). NR 30 TC 34 Z9 36 U1 13 U2 108 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0043-1354 J9 WATER RES JI Water Res. PD MAY 1 PY 2012 VL 46 IS 7 BP 2215 EP 2224 DI 10.1016/j.watres.2012.01.050 PG 10 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA 923UL UT WOS:000302645300019 PM 22386083 ER PT J AU Lazny, R Wolosewicz, K Dauter, Z Brzezinski, K AF Lazny, Ryszard Wolosewicz, Karol Dauter, Zbigniew Brzezinski, Krzysztof TI (1RS, 2SR, 5SR)-9-Benzyl-2-[(1RS)-1-hydroxybenzyl]-9-azabicyclo[3.3.1]nonan-3-one from synchrotron data SO ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION E-CRYSTALLOGRAPHIC COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article AB In the crystal structure of the racemic title compound, C22H25NO2, solved and refined against sychrotron diffraction data, the hydroxy group and the carbonyl O atom participate in the formation of O-H center dot center dot center dot O hydrogen bonds between pairs of enantiomers related by a crystallographic centre of symmetry. C1 [Lazny, Ryszard; Wolosewicz, Karol; Brzezinski, Krzysztof] Univ Bialystok, Inst Chem, Hurtowa 1, PL-15399 Bialystok, Poland. [Dauter, Zbigniew; Brzezinski, Krzysztof] NCI, Synchrotron Radiat Res Sect, MCL, Argonne Natl Lab,Biosci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Lazny, R (reprint author), Univ Bialystok, Inst Chem, Hurtowa 1, PL-15399 Bialystok, Poland. EM lazny@uwb.edu.pl FU CCR NIH HHS [HHSN261200800001C]; NCI NIH HHS [HHSN261200800001E] NR 12 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 6 PU INT UNION CRYSTALLOGRAPHY PI CHESTER PA 2 ABBEY SQ, CHESTER, CH1 2HU, ENGLAND SN 2056-9890 J9 ACTA CRYSTALLOGR E JI Acta Crystallogr. Sect. E.-Crystallogr. Commun. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 68 BP O1367 EP + DI 10.1107/S1600536812014754 PN 5 PG 8 WC Crystallography SC Crystallography GA V46AT UT WOS:000209857800216 PM 22590261 ER PT J AU Olivares, J Sayre, R AF Olivares, Jose Sayre, Richard TI Untitled SO ALGAL RESEARCH-BIOMASS BIOFUELS AND BIOPRODUCTS LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Olivares, Jose] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. New Mexico Consortium, Mexico City, DF, Mexico. RP Olivares, J (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 2211-9264 J9 ALGAL RES JI Algal Res. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 1 IS 1 BP 1 EP 1 DI 10.1016/j.algal.2012.04.004 PG 1 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 226RU UT WOS:000325054500001 ER PT J AU Reichardt, TA Collins, AM Garcia, OF Ruffing, AM Jones, HDT Timlin, JA AF Reichardt, Thomas A. Collins, Aaron M. Garcia, Omar F. Ruffing, Anne M. Jones, Howland D. T. Timlin, Jerilyn A. TI Spectroradiometric Monitoring of Nannochloropsis salina Growth SO ALGAL RESEARCH-BIOMASS BIOFUELS AND BIOPRODUCTS LA English DT Article DE algal biofuel; algal growth; remote sensing; hyperspectral; reflectance ID REMOTE-SENSING REFLECTANCE; INHERENT OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; CHLOROPHYLL-A CONCENTRATION; ARACHIDONIC-ACID CONTENT; OCEAN COLOR; SHALLOW WATERS; PHYTOPLANKTON PIGMENTS; PARIETOCHLORIS-INCISA; INVERSION ALGORITHM; DIFFUSE-REFLECTANCE AB The high productivity of fluidically mixed open ponds for algal biofuel production is accompanied by high environmental and temporal variability. Therefore, a recognized need exists for rapid monitoring of open ponds to quantify algal growth rates, assess algal stress, detect the presence of invading species, and determine the optimum time for harvesting. Multispectral/hyperspectral approaches are now being used to optimize conventional agriculture practices and similar remote sensing techniques can potentially be used for monitoring algal ponds. In this work, we assess the application of remote techniques for algal biofuel production by using a dual-channel spectroradiometer to monitor the laboratory-scale growth of Nannochloropsis sauna, a popular microalgal candidate for biofuels. One channel of the spectroradiometer measures the downwelling irradiance while the second channel simultaneously monitors the upwelling radiance, and the reflectance is calculated by ratioing these two signals. A detailed reflectance model is developed to interpret the acquired spectra, enabling a remote assessment the culture's optical depth as well as the relative optical activity of different algal pigments in N. salina. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Reichardt, Thomas A.] Sandia Natl Labs, Remote Sensing & Energet Mat Dept, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. [Collins, Aaron M.; Garcia, Omar F.; Ruffing, Anne M.; Jones, Howland D. T.; Timlin, Jerilyn A.] Sandia Natl Labs, Bioenergy & Def Technol Dept, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Reichardt, TA (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Remote Sensing & Energet Mat Dept, POB 969,MS 9056, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM tareich@sandia.gov OI Timlin, Jerilyn/0000-0003-2953-1721 FU Laboratory Directed Research and Development program at Sandia National Laboratories; Sandia is a multi-program laboratory operated by Sandia Corporation; U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000] FX We gratefully acknowledge the technical assistance of Lindsey Gloe, Christine Trahan, and Kylea Parchert (all of Sandia National Laboratories, NM, USA) in performing the sampling measurements. This work was supported by Laboratory Directed Research and Development program at Sandia National Laboratories. Sandia is a multi-program laboratory operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Company, for the U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. NR 80 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 2211-9264 J9 ALGAL RES JI Algal Res. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 1 IS 1 BP 22 EP 31 DI 10.1016/j.algal.2011.12.001 PG 10 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 226RU UT WOS:000325054500004 ER PT J AU Czarnecki, A Tormo, XGI Marciano, WJ AF Czarnecki, Andrzej Garcia i Tormo, Xavier Marciano, William Joseph TI Muon decay in orbit spectra for mu-e conversion experiments SO HYPERFINE INTERACTIONS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 4th International Conference on Exotic Atoms and Related Topics (EXA) CY SEP 05-09, 2011 CL Austrian Acad Sci, Vienna, AUSTRIA SP SMI HO Austrian Acad Sci DE Muon decay; Muonic atoms; Electron spectrum; Muon-electron conversion ID HIGH-ENERGY ELECTRONS AB We have determined in detail the electron spectrum in the decay of bound muons. These results are especially relevant for the upcoming mu - e conversion experiments. C1 [Czarnecki, Andrzej; Garcia i Tormo, Xavier] Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada. [Garcia i Tormo, Xavier] Univ Bern, Inst Theoret Phys, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland. [Marciano, William Joseph] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Czarnecki, A (reprint author), Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada. EM andrzejc@ualberta.ca NR 19 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-3843 J9 HYPERFINE INTERACT JI Hyperfine Interact. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 210 IS 1-3 BP 19 EP 23 DI 10.1007/s10751-011-0540 PG 5 WC Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Condensed Matter; Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 070MR UT WOS:000313511900004 ER PT J AU Gal, A Millener, DJ AF Gal, A. Millener, D. J. TI Consistency of Lambda Lambda hypernuclear events SO HYPERFINE INTERACTIONS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 4th International Conference on Exotic Atoms and Related Topics (EXA) CY SEP 05-09, 2011 CL Austrian Acad Sci, Vienna, AUSTRIA SP SMI HO Austrian Acad Sci DE Hypernuclei; Shell model; Cluster models ID DOUBLE HYPERFRAGMENT; LIGHT HYPERNUCLEI; HYBRID-EMULSION; MODEL; CAPTURE; REST AB Highlights of Lambda Lambda emulsion events are briefly reviewed. Given three accepted events, shell-model predictions based on p-shell Lambda hypernuclear spectroscopic studies are shown to reproduce B-Lambda Lambda(Be-10(Lambda Lambda)) and B-Lambda Lambda(B-13(Lambda Lambda)) in terms of B-Lambda Lambda(He-6(Lambda Lambda)). Predictions for other species offer judgement on several alternative assignments of the B-13(Lambda Lambda) KEK-E176 event, and on the assignments Be-11(Lambda Lambda) and Be-12(Lambda Lambda) suggested recently for the KEK-E373 HIDA event. The predictions of the shell model, spanning a wide range of A values, are compared with those of cluster models, where the latter are available.funding tag C1 [Gal, A.] Hebrew Univ Jerusalem, Racah Inst Phys, IL-91904 Jerusalem, Israel. [Millener, D. J.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Gal, A (reprint author), Hebrew Univ Jerusalem, Racah Inst Phys, IL-91904 Jerusalem, Israel. EM avragal@savion.huji.ac.il NR 30 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-3843 J9 HYPERFINE INTERACT JI Hyperfine Interact. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 210 IS 1-3 BP 77 EP 82 DI 10.1007/s10751-011-0542-y PG 6 WC Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Condensed Matter; Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 070MR UT WOS:000313511900013 ER PT J AU Bailey, DH Borwein, JM AF Bailey, David H. Borwein, Jonathan M. TI Hand-to-hand combat with thousand-digit integrals SO JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Experimental mathematics; High-precision computing; Numerical integration; Random walks; Elliptic integrals ID OSCILLATORY INFINITE INTEGRALS; BOX INTEGRALS; RANDOM-WALK; ISING-CLASS; EXTRAPOLATION AB In this paper we describe numerical investigations of definite integrals that arise by considering the moments of multi-step uniform random walks in the plane, together with a closely related class of integrals involving the elliptic functions K, K', E and E'. We find that in many cases such integrals can be "experimentally" evaluated in closed form or that intriguing linear relations exist within a class of similar integrals. Discovering these identities and relations often requires the evaluation of integrals to extreme precision, combined with large-scale runs of the "PSLQ" integer relation algorithm. This paper presents details of the techniques used in these calculations and mentions some of the many difficulties that can arise. (c) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Bailey, David H.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Dept Energy, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Borwein, Jonathan M.] Univ Newcastle, Ctr Comp Assisted Res Math & Its Applicat CARMA, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia. RP Bailey, DH (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Dept Energy, 1 Cyclotron Rd,Mail Stop 50B-4230, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM dhbailey@lbl.gov; jonathan.borwein@newcastle.edu.au OI Borwein, Jonathan/0000-0002-1263-0646 FU Office of Computational and Technology Research, Division of Mathematical, Information, and Computational Sciences of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; Australian Research Council FX David H. Bailey supported in part by the Director, Office of Computational and Technology Research, Division of Mathematical, Information, and Computational Sciences of the U.S. Department of Energy, under contract number DE-AC02-05CH11231. Jonathan M. Borwein supported in part by the Australian Research Council. NR 28 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1877-7503 J9 J COMPUT SCI-NETH JI J. Comput. Sci. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 3 IS 3 SI SI BP 77 EP 86 DI 10.1016/j.jocs.2010.12.004 PG 10 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA 254KP UT WOS:000327164200002 ER PT J AU Chatrchyan, S Khachatryan, V Sirunyan, AM Tumasyan, A Adam, W Bergauer, T Dragicevic, M Ero, J Fabjan, C Friedl, M Fruhwirth, R Ghete, VM Hammer, J Hormann, N Hrubec, J Jeitler, M Kiesenhofer, W Krammer, M Liko, D Mikulec, I Pernicka, M Rahbaran, B Rohringer, C Rohringer, H Schofbeck, R Strauss, J Taurok, A Teischinger, F Wagner, P Waltenberger, W Walzel, G Widl, E Wulz, CE Mossolov, V Shumeiko, N Gonzalez, JS Bansal, S Cerny, K Cornelis, T De Wolf, EA Janssen, X Luyckx, S Maes, T Mucibello, L Ochesanu, S Roland, B Rougny, R Selvaggi, M Van Haevermaet, H Van Mechelen, P Van Remortel, N Van Spilbeeck, A Blekman, F Blyweert, S D'Hondt, J Suarez, RG Kalogeropoulos, A Maes, M Olbrechts, A Van Doninck, W Van Mulders, P Van Onsem, GP Villella, I Charaf, O Clerbaux, B De Lentdecker, G Dero, V Gay, APR Hreus, T Leonard, A Marage, PE Reis, T Thomas, L Vander Velde, C Vanlaer, P Adler, V Beernaert, K Cimmino, A Costantini, S Garcia, G Grunewald, M Klein, B Lellouch, J Marinov, A Mccartin, J Rios, AAO Ryckbosch, D Strobbe, N Thyssen, F Tytgat, M Vanelderen, L Verwilligen, P Walsh, S Yazgan, E Zaganidis, N Basegmez, S Bruno, G Ceard, L Delaere, C du Pree, T Favart, D Forthomme, L Giammanco, A Hollar, J Lemaitre, V Liao, J Militaru, O Nuttens, C Pagano, D Pin, A Piotrzkowski, K Schul, N Beliy, N Caebergs, T Daubie, E Hammad, GH Alves, GA Martins, MC Damiao, DD Martins, T Pol, ME Souza, MHG Aida, WL Carvalho, W Custodio, A Da Costa, EM Martins, CD De Souza, SF Figueiredo, DM Mundim, L Nogima, H Oguri, V Da Silva, WLP Santoro, A Do Amaral, SMS Jorge, LS Sznajder, A Anjos, TS Bernardes, CA Dias, FA Tomei, TRFP Gregores, EM Lagana, C Marinho, F Mercadante, PG Novaes, SF Padula, SS Genchev, V Iaydjiev, P Piperov, S Rodozov, M Stoykova, S Sultanov, G Tcholakov, V Trayanov, R Vutova, M Dimitrov, A Hadjiiska, R Kozhuharov, V Litov, L Pavlov, B Petkov, P Bian, JG Chen, GM Chen, HS Jiang, CH Liang, D Liang, S Meng, X Tao, J Wang, J Wang, J Wang, X Wang, Z Xiao, H Xu, M Zang, J Zhang, Z Asawatangtrakuldee, C Ban, Y Guo, S Guo, Y Li, W Liu, S Mao, Y Qian, SJ Teng, H Wang, S Zhu, B Zou, W Avila, C Moreno, BG Oliveros, AFO Sanabria, JC Godinovic, N Lelas, D Plestina, R Polic, D Puljak, I Antunovic, Z Dzelalija, M Kovac, M Brigljevic, V Duric, S Kadija, K Luetic, J Morovic, S Attikis, A Galanti, M Mavromanolakis, G Mousa, J Nicolaou, C Ptochos, F Razis, PA Finger, M Finger, M Assran, Y Elgammal, S Kamel, AE Khalil, S Mahmoud, MA Radi, A Kadastik, M Muntel, M Raidal, M Rebane, L Tiko, A Azzolini, V Eerola, P Fedi, G Voutilainen, M Harkonen, J Heikkinen, A Karimaki, V Kinnunen, R Kortelainen, MJ Lampen, T Lassila-Perini, K Lehti, S Linden, T Luukka, P Maenpaa, T Peltola, T Tuominen, E Tuominiemi, J Tuovinen, E Ungaro, D Wendland, L Banzuzi, K 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CA CMS Collaboration TI Search for heavy bottom-like quarks in 4.9 fb(-1) of pp collisions at root s=7 TeV SO JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Hadron-Hadron Scattering ID WIDTH; MASS; Z0 AB Results are presented from a search for heavy bottom-like quarks, pair-produced in pp collisions at root s = 7 TeV, undertaken with the CMS experiment at the LHC. The b' quarks are assumed to decay exclusively to tW. The b'(b') over bar -> tW(-)(t) over barW(+) process can be identified by its distinctive signatures of three leptons or two leptons of same charge, and at least one b-quark jet. Using a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 4.9 fb(-1), observed events are compared to the standard model background predictions, and the existence of b' quarks having masses below 611 GeV/c(2) is excluded at 95% confidence level. C1 [Chatrchyan, S.; Khachatryan, V.; Sirunyan, A. M.; Tumasyan, A.] Yerevan Phys Inst, Yerevan 375036, Armenia. 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[Abbrescia, M.; Barbone, L.; Calabria, C.; Chhibra, S. S.; De Palma, M.; Lusito, L.; Marangelli, B.; Nuzzo, S.; Pacifico, N.; Pompili, A.; Selvaggi, G.; Singh, G.] Univ Bari, Bari, Italy. [Creanza, D.; De Filippis, N.; Iaselli, G.; Maggi, G.; My, S.; Pugliese, G.] Politecn Bari, Bari, Italy. [Abbiendi, G.; Benvenuti, A. C.; Bonacorsi, D.; Braibant-Giacomelli, S.; Brigliadori, L.; Capiluppi, P.; Castro, A.; Cavallo, F. R.; Cufflani, M.; Dallavalle, G. M.; Fabbri, F.; Fanfani, A.; Fasanella, D.; Giacomelli, P.; Grandi, C.; Marcellini, S.; Masetti, G.; Meneghelli, M.; Montanari, A.; Navarria, F. L.; Odorici, F.; Perrotta, A.; Primavera, F.; Rossi, A. M.; Rovelli, T.; Siroli, G.; Travaglini, R.] INFN Sez Bologna, Bologna, Italy. [Bonacorsi, D.; Braibant-Giacomelli, S.; Brigliadori, L.; Capiluppi, P.; Castro, A.; Cufflani, M.; Fanfani, A.; Fasanella, D.; Meneghelli, M.; Navarria, F. L.; Primavera, F.; Rossi, A. M.; Rovelli, T.; Siroli, G.; Travaglini, R.] Univ Bologna, Bologna, Italy. [Albergo, S.; Cappello, G.; Chiorboli, M.; Costa, S.; Potenza, R.; Tricomi, A.; Tuve, C.] INFN Sez Catania, Catania, Italy. [Albergo, S.; Cappello, G.; Chiorboli, M.; Costa, S.; Potenza, R.; Tricomi, A.; Tuve, C.] Univ Catania, Catania, Italy. [Barbagli, G.; Ciulli, V.; Civinini, C.; D'Alessandro, R.; Focardi, E.; Frosali, S.; Gallo, E.; Gonzi, S.; Meschini, M.; Paoletti, S.; Sguazzoni, G.; Tropiano, A.] INFN Sez Firenze, Florence, Italy. [Ciulli, V.; D'Alessandro, R.; Focardi, E.; Frosali, S.; Gonzi, S.] Univ Florence, Florence, Italy. [Benussi, L.; Bianco, S.; Colafranceschi, S.; Fabbri, F.; Piccolo, D.] INFN Lab Nazl Frascati, Frascati, Italy. [Fabbricatore, P.; Musenich, R.] INFN Sez Genova, Genoa, Italy. [Benaglia, A.; De Guio, F.; Di Matteo, L.; Fiorendi, S.; Gennai, S.; Ghezzi, A.; Malvezzi, S.; Manzoni, R. A.; Martelli, A.; Massironi, A.; Menasce, D.; Moroni, L.; Paganoni, M.; Pedrini, D.; Ragazzi, S.; Redaelli, N.; Sala, S.; de Fatis, T. Tabarelli] INFN Sez Milano Bicocca, Milan, Italy. [Benaglia, A.; De Guio, F.; Di Matteo, L.; Fiorendi, S.; Ghezzi, A.; Manzoni, R. A.; Martelli, A.; Massironi, A.; Paganoni, M.; Ragazzi, S.; de Fatis, T. Tabarelli] Univ Milano Bicocca, Milan, Italy. [Buontempo, S.; Montoya, C. A. Carrillo; Cavallo, N.; De Cosa, A.; Dogangun, O.; Fabozzi, F.; Iorio, A. O. M.; Lista, L.; Meola, S.; Merola, M.; Paolucci, P.] INFN Sez Napoli, Naples, Italy. [De Cosa, A.; Dogangun, O.; Merola, M.] Univ Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy. [Azzi, P.; Bacchetta, N.; Bellan, P.; Branca, A.; Carlin, R.; Checchia, P.; Dorigo, T.; Dosselli, U.; Gasparini, F.; Gozzelino, A.; Kanishchev, K.; Lacaprara, S.; Lazzizzera, I.; Margoni, M.; Meneguzzo, A. T.; Nespolo, M.; Perrozzi, L.; Pozzobon, N.; Ronchese, P.; Simonetto, F.; Torassa, E.; Tosi, M.; Vanini, S.; Zotto, P.; Zumerle, G.] INFN Sez Padova, Padua, Italy. [Bellan, P.; Carlin, R.; Gasparini, F.; Margoni, M.; Meneguzzo, A. T.; Pozzobon, N.; Ronchese, P.; Simonetto, F.; Tosi, M.; Vanini, S.; Zotto, P.; Zumerle, G.] Univ Padua, Padua, Italy. [Kanishchev, K.; Lazzizzera, I.] Univ Trento Trento, Padua, Italy. [Gabusi, M.; Ratti, S. P.; Riccardi, C.; Torre, P.; Vitulo, P.] INFN Sez Pavia, Pavia, Italy. [Gabusi, M.; Ratti, S. P.; Riccardi, C.; Torre, P.; Vitulo, P.] Univ Pavia, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. [Bilei, G. M.; Fano, L.; Lariccia, P.; Lucaroni, A.; Mantovani, G.; Menichelli, M.; Nappi, A.; Romeo, F.; Santocchia, A.; Taroni, S.; Pioppi, M.] INFN Sez Perugia, Perugia, Italy. [Fano, L.; Lariccia, P.; Lucaroni, A.; Mantovani, G.; Nappi, A.; Romeo, F.; Santocchia, A.; Taroni, S.; Pioppi, M.] Univ Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy. [Azzurri, P.; Bagliesi, G.; Boccali, T.; Broccolo, G.; Castaldi, R.; D'Agnolo, R. T.; Dell'Orso, R.; Fiori, F.; Foa, L.; Giassi, A.; Kraan, A.; Ligabue, F.; Lomtadze, T.; Martini, L.; Messineo, A.; Palla, F.; Palmonari, F.; Rizzi, A.; Serban, A. T.; Spagnolo, P.; Tenchini, R.; Tonelli, G.; Venturi, A.; Verdini, P. C.] INFN Sez Pisa, Pisa, Italy. [Fiori, F.; Messineo, A.; Rizzi, A.; Tonelli, G.] Univ Pisa, Pisa, Italy. [Azzurri, P.; Broccolo, G.; D'Agnolo, R. T.; Foa, L.; Ligabue, F.] Scuola Normale Super Pisa, Pisa, Italy. [Barone, L.; Cavallari, F.; Del Re, D.; Diemoz, M.; Fanelli, C.; Grassi, M.; Longo, E.; Meridiani, P.; Micheli, F.; Nourbakhsh, S.; Organtini, G.; Pandolfi, F.; Paramatti, R.; Rahatlou, S.; Sigamani, M.; Soffi, L.; Rovelli, C.] INFN Sez Roma, Rome, Italy. [Barone, L.; Del Re, D.; Fanelli, C.; Longo, E.; Micheli, F.; Organtini, G.; Pandolfi, F.; Rahatlou, S.; Soffi, L.; Rovelli, C.] Univ Roma La Sapienza, Rome, Italy. [Amapane, N.; Arcidiacono, R.; Argiro, S.; Arneodo, M.; Biino, C.; Botta, C.; Cartiglia, N.; Castello, R.; Costa, M.; Demaria, N.; Graziano, A.; Mariotti, C.; Maselli, S.; Migliore, E.; Monaco, V.; Musich, M.; Obertino, M. M.; Pastrone, N.; Pelliccioni, M.; Potenza, A.; Romero, A.; Ruspa, M.; Sacchi, R.; Sola, V.; Solano, A.; Staiano, A.; Pereira, A. Vilela] INFN Sez Torino, Turin, Italy. [Amapane, N.; Argiro, S.; Botta, C.; Castello, R.; Costa, M.; Graziano, A.; Migliore, E.; Monaco, V.; Potenza, A.; Romero, A.; Sacchi, R.; Sola, V.; Solano, A.] Univ Turin, Turin, Italy. [Arcidiacono, R.; Arneodo, M.; Obertino, M. M.; Ruspa, M.] Univ Piemonte Orientale Novara, Turin, Italy. [Belforte, S.; Cossutti, F.; Della Ricca, G.; Gobbo, B.; Marone, M.; Montanino, D.; Penzo, A.; Schizzi, A.] INFN Sez Trieste, Trieste, Italy. [Della Ricca, G.; Marone, M.; Montanino, D.; Schizzi, A.] Univ Trieste, Trieste, Italy. [Heo, S. G.; Kim, T. Y.; Nam, S. K.] Kangwon Natl Univ, Chunchon, South Korea. [Chang, S.; Chung, J.; Kim, D. H.; Kim, G. N.; Kong, D. J.; Park, H.; Ro, S. R.; Son, D. C.; Son, T.; Kamon, T.] Kyungpook Natl Univ, Taegu, South Korea. [Kim, J. Y.; Kim, Zero J.; Song, S.] Chonnam Natl Univ, Inst Universe & Elementary Particles, Kwangju, South Korea. [Jo, H. Y.] Konkuk Univ, Seoul, South Korea. [Choi, S.; Gyun, D.; Hong, B.; Jo, M.; Kim, H.; Kim, T. J.; Lee, K. S.; Moon, D. H.; Park, S. K.; Seo, E.] Korea Univ, Seoul, South Korea. [Choi, M.; Kang, S.; Kim, H.; Kim, J. H.; Park, C.; Park, I. C.; Park, S.; Ryu, G.] Univ Seoul, Seoul, South Korea. [Cho, Y.; Choi, Y.; Choi, Y. K.; Goh, J.; Kim, M. S.; Kwon, E.; Lee, B.; Lee, J.; Lee, S.; Seo, H.; Yu, I.] Sungkyunkwan Univ, Suwon, South Korea. [Bilinskas, M. J.; Grigelionis, I.; Janulis, M.; Juodagalvis, A.] Vilnius State Univ, Vilnius, Lithuania. [Castilla-Valdez, H.; De La Cruz-Burelo, E.; Heredia-de La Cruz, I.; Lopez-Fernandez, R.; Magana Villalba, R.; Martinez-Ortega, J.; Sanchez-Hernandez, A.; Villasenor-Cendejas, L. M.] Ctr Invest & Estudios Avanzados IPN, Mexico City, DF, Mexico. [Carrillo Moreno, S.; Vazquez Valencia, F.] Univ Iberoamer, Mexico City, DF, Mexico. [Salazar Ibarguen, H. A.] Benemerita Univ Autonoma Puebla, Puebla, Mexico. [Casimiro Linares, E.; Morelos Pineda, A.; Reyes-Santos, M. A.] Univ Autonoma San Luis Potosi, San Luis Potosi, Mexico. [Krofcheck, D.] Univ Auckland, Auckland 1, New Zealand. [Bell, A. J.; Butler, P. H.; Doesburg, R.; Reucroft, S.; Silverwood, H.] Univ Canterbury, Christchurch 1, New Zealand. [Ahmad, M.; Asghar, M. I.; Hoorani, H. R.; Khalid, S.; Khan, W. A.; Khurshid, T.; Qazi, S.; Shah, M. A.; Shoaib, M.] Quaid I Azam Univ, Natl Ctr Phys, Islamabad, Pakistan. [Brona, G.; Bunkowski, K.; Cwiok, M.; Dominik, W.; Doroba, K.; Kalinowski, A.; Konecki, M.; Krolikowski, J.] Univ Warsaw, Fac Phys, Inst Expt Phys, Warsaw, Poland. [Bluj, M.; Bialkowska, H.; Boimska, B.; Frueboes, T.; Gokieli, R.; Gorski, M.; Kazana, M.; Nawrocki, K.; Romanowska-Rybinska, K.; Szleper, M.; Wrochna, G.; Zalewski, P.] Soltan Inst Nucl Studies, PL-00681 Warsaw, Poland. [Almeida, N.; Bargassa, P.; David, A.; Faccioli, P.; Ferreira Parracho, P. G.; Gallinaro, M.; Musella, P.; Seixas, J.; Varela, J.; Vischia, P.] Lab Instrumentacao & Fis Expt Particulas, Lisbon, Portugal. [Belotelov, I.; Bunin, P.; Golutvin, I.; Gorbunov, I.; Kamenev, A.; Karjavin, V.; Kozlov, G.; Lanev, A.; Malakhov, A.; Moisenz, P.; Palichik, V.; Perelygin, V.; Savina, M.; Shmatov, S.; Smirnov, V.; Volodko, A.; Zarubin, A.] Joint Inst Nucl Res, Dubna, Russia. [Evstyukhin, S.; Golovtsov, V.; Ivanov, Y.; Kim, V.; Levchenko, P.; Murzin, V.; Oreshkin, V.; Smirnov, I.; Sulimov, V.; Uvarov, L.; Vavilov, S.; Vorobyev, A.; Vorobyev, An.] Petersburg Nucl Phys Inst, St Petersburg, Russia. [Andreev, Yu.; Dermenev, A.; Gninenko, S.; Golubev, N.; Kirsanov, M.; Krasnikov, N.; Matveev, V.; Pashenkov, A.; Tlisov, D.; Toropin, A.; Musienko, Y.] Russian Acad Sci, Inst Nucl Res, Moscow, Russia. [Epshteyn, V.; Erofeeva, M.; Gavrilov, V.; Kossov, M.; Lychkovskaya, N.; Popov, V.; Safronov, G.; Semenov, S.; Stolin, V.; Vlasov, E.; Zhokin, A.; Sanchez, A. K.; Nikitenko, A.] Inst Theoret & Expt Phys, Moscow 117259, Russia. [Zhukov, V.; Katkov, I.; Belyaev, A.; Boos, E.; Dubinin, M.; Dudko, L.; Ershov, A.; Gribushin, A.; Klyukhin, V.; Kodolova, O.; Lokhtin, I.; Markina, A.; Obraztsov, S.; Perfilov, M.; Petrushanko, S.; Sarycheva, L.; Savrin, V.; Snigirev, A.] Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Moscow, Russia. [Andreev, V.; Azarkin, M.; Dremin, I.; Kirakosyan, M.; Leonidov, A.; Mesyats, G.; Rusakov, S. V.; Vinogradov, A.] PN Lebedev Phys Inst, Moscow 117924, Russia. [Azhgirey, I.; Bayshev, I.; Bitioukov, S.; Grishin, V.; Kachanov, V.; Konstantinov, D.; Korablev, A.; Krychkine, V.; Petrov, V.; Ryutin, R.; Sobol, A.; Tourtchanovitch, L.; Troshin, S.; Tyurin, N.; Uzunian, A.; Volkov, A.] Inst High Energy Phys, State Res Ctr Russian Federat, Protvino, Russia. [Adzic, P.; Djordjevic, M.; Ekmedzic, M.; Krpic, D.; Milosevic, J.; Milenovic, P.] Univ Belgrade, Fac Phys, Belgrade 11001, Serbia. [Adzic, P.; Djordjevic, M.; Ekmedzic, M.; Krpic, D.; Milosevic, J.; Milenovic, P.] Vinca Inst Nucl Sci, Belgrade, Serbia. [Aguilar-Benitez, M.; Alcaraz Maestre, J.; Arce, P.; Battilana, C.; Calvo, E.; Cerrada, M.; Chamizo Llatas, M.; Colino, N.; De La Cruz, B.; Delgado Peris, A.; Diez Pardos, C.; Dominguez Vazquez, D.; Fernandez Bedoya, C.; Fernandez Ramos, J. P.; Ferrando, A.; Flix, J.; Fouz, M. C.; Garcia-Abia, P.; Gonzalez Lopez, O.; Goy Lopez, S.; Hernandez, J. M.; Josa, M. I.; Merino, G.; Puerta Pelayo, J.; Redondo, I.; Romero, L.; Santaolalla, J.; Soares, M. S.; Willmott, C.] Ctr Invest Energet Medioambientales Tecnol CIEMAT, Madrid, Spain. [Albajar, C.; Codispoti, G.; de Troconiz, J. F.] Univ Autonoma Madrid, Madrid, Spain. [Cuevas, J.; Fernandez Menendez, J.; Folgueras, S.; Gonzalez Caballero, I.; Lloret Iglesias, L.; Piedra Gomez, J.; Vizan Garcia, J. M.] Univ Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain. [Brochero Cifuentes, J. A.; Cabrillo, I. J.; Calderon, A.; Chuang, S. H.; Duarte Campderros, J.; Felcini, M.; Fernandez, M.; Gomez, G.; Gonzalez Sanchez, J.; Jorda, C.; Lobelle Pardo, P.; Lopez Virto, A.; Marco, J.; Marco, R.; Martinez Rivero, C.; Matorras, F.; Munoz Sanchez, F. J.; Rodrigo, T.; Rodriguez-Marrero, A. Y.; Ruiz-Jimeno, A.; Scodellaro, L.; Sobron Sanudo, M.; Vila, I.; Vilar Cortabitarte, R.] CSIC Univ Cantabria, Inst Fis Cantabria IFCA, Santander, Spain. [Hammer, J.; Genchev, V.; Iaydjiev, P.; Puljak, I.; Chierici, R.; Jung, H.; Guthoff, M.; Foudas, C.; Hajdu, C.; Sikler, F.; Mohanty, A. K.; Calabria, C.; De Filippis, N.; Fasanella, D.; Meneghelli, M.; Tropiano, A.; Benaglia, A.; Di Matteo, L.; Gennai, S.; Massironi, A.; Montoya, C. A. Carrillo; Iorio, A. O. M.; Bacchetta, N.; Branca, A.; Nespolo, M.; Tosi, M.; Lucaroni, A.; Taroni, S.; Fiori, F.; Squillacioti, P.; Tonelli, G.; Venturi, A.; Del Re, D.; Grassi, M.; Meridiani, P.; Mariotti, C.; Musich, M.; Marone, M.; Montanino, D.; Kossov, M.; Grishin, V.; Abbaneo, D.; Auffray, E.; Auzinger, G.; Baillon, P.; Ball, A. H.; Barney, D.; Bernet, C.; Bianchi, G.; Bloch, P.; Bocci, A.; Bonato, A.; Breuker, H.; Camporesi, T.; Cerminara, G.; Christiansen, T.; Perez, J. A. Coarasa; D'Enterria, D.; De Roeck, A.; Di Guida, S.; Dobson, M.; Dupont-Sagorin, N.; Elliott-Peisert, A.; Frisch, B.; Funk, W.; Georgiou, G.; Giffels, M.; Gigi, D.; Gill, K.; Giordano, D.; Giunta, M.; Glege, F.; Garrido, R. Gomez-Reino; Govoni, P.; Gowdy, S.; Guida, R.; Hansen, M.; Harris, P.; Hartl, C.; Harvey, J.; Hegner, B.; Hinzmann, A.; Innocente, V.; Janot, P.; Kaadze, K.; Karavakis, E.; Kousouris, K.; Lecoq, P.; Lenzi, P.; Lourenco, C.; Maeki, T.; Malberti, M.; Malgeri, L.; Mannelli, M.; Masetti, L.; Meijers, F.; Mersi, S.; Meschi, E.; Moser, R.; Mozer, M. U.; Mulders, M.; Nesvold, E.; Nguyen, M.; Orimoto, T.; Orsini, L.; Cortezon, E. Palencia; Perez, E.; Petrilli, A.; Pfeiffer, A.; Pierini, M.; Pimiae, M.; Piparo, D.; Polese, G.; Quertenmont, L.; Racz, A.; Reece, W.; Antunes, J. Rodrigues; Rolandi, G.; Rommerskirchen, T.; Rovelli, C.; Rovere, M.; Sakulin, H.; Santanastasio, F.; Schaefer, C.; Schwick, C.; Segoni, I.; Sekmen, S.; Sharma, A.; Siegrist, P.; Silva, P.; Simon, M.; Sphicas, P.; Spiga, D.; Spiropulu, M.; Stoye, M.; Tsirou, A.; Veres, G. I.; Vlimant, J. R.; Woehri, H. K.; Worm, S. D.; Zeuner, W. D.; Pela, J.; Kovalskyi, D.] CERN, European Org Nucl Res, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. [Bertl, W.; Deiters, K.; Erdmann, W.; Gabathuler, K.; Horisberger, R.; Ingram, Q.; Kaestli, H. C.; Koenig, S.; Kotlinski, D.; Langenegger, U.; Meier, F.; Renker, D.; Rohe, T.; Sibie, J.; Naegeli, C.] Paul Scherrer Inst, Villigen, Switzerland. [Baeni, L.; Bortignon, P.; Buchmann, M. A.; Casal, B.; Chanon, N.; Chen, Z.; Deisher, A.; Dissertori, G.; Dittmar, M.; Duenser, M.; Eugster, J.; Freudenreich, K.; Grab, C.; Lecomte, P.; Lustermann, W.; Marini, A. C.; del Arbol, P. Martinez Ruiz; Mohr, N.; Moortgat, F.; Naegeli, C.; Nef, P.; Nessi-Tedaldi, F.; Pape, L.; Pauss, F.; Peruzzi, M.; Ronga, F. J.; Rossini, M.; Sala, L.; Sanchez, A. K.; Starodumov, A.; Stieger, B.; Takahashi, M.; Tauscher, L.; Thea, A.; Theofilatos, K.; Treille, D.; Urscheler, C.; Wallny, R.; Weber, H. A.; Wehrli, L.] Swiss Fed Inst Technol, Inst Particle Phys, Zurich, Switzerland. [Aguilo, E.; Amsler, C.; Chiochia, V.; De Visscher, S.; Favaro, C.; Rikova, M. Ivova; Mejias, B. Millan; Otiougova, P.; Robmann, P.; Snoek, H.; Tupputi, S.; Verzetti, M.] Univ Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland. [Chang, Y. H.; Chen, K. H.; Go, A.; Kuo, C. M.; Li, S. W.; Lin, W.; Liu, Z. K.; Lu, Y. J.; Mekterovic, D.; Singh, A. P.; Volpe, R.; Yu, S. S.] Natl Cent Univ, Chungli, Taiwan. [Bartalini, P.; Chang, P.; Chang, Y. H.; Chang, Y. W.; Chao, Y.; Chen, K. F.; Dietz, C.; Grundler, U.; Hou, W. -S.; Hsiung, Y.; Kao, K. Y.; Lei, Y. J.; Lu, R. -S.; Majumder, D.; Petrakou, E.; Shi, X.; Shiu, J. G.; Tzeng, Y. M.; Wang, M.] Natl Taiwan Univ, Taipei 10764, Taiwan. [Adiguzel, A.; Bakirci, M. N.; Cerci, S.; Dozen, C.; Dumanoglu, I.; Eskut, E.; Girgis, S.; Gokbulut, G.; Hos, I.; Kangal, E. E.; Karapinar, G.; Topaksu, A. Kayis; Onengut, G.; Ozdemir, K.; Ozturk, S.; Polatoz, A.; Sogut, K.; Cerci, D. Sunar; Tai, B.; Topakli, H.; Vergili, L. N.; Vergili, M.] Cukurova Univ, Adana, Turkey. [Akin, I. V.; Aliev, T.; Bilin, B.; Bilmis, S.; Deniz, M.; Gamsizkan, H.; Guler, A. M.; Ocalan, K.; Ozpineci, A.; Serin, M.; Sever, R.; Surat, U. E.; Yalvac, M.; Yildirim, E.; Zeyrek, M.] Middle E Tech Univ, Dept Phys, TR-06531 Ankara, Turkey. [Deliomeroglu, M.; Gulmez, E.; Isildak, B.; Kaya, M.; Kaya, O.; Ozkorucuklu, S.; Sonmez, N.] Bogazici Univ, Istanbul, Turkey. [Cankocak, K.] Istanbul Tech Univ, TR-80626 Istanbul, Turkey. [Levchuk, L.] Kharkov Inst Phys & Technol, Natl Sci Ctr, Kharkov, Ukraine. [Bostock, F.; Brooke, J. J.; Clement, E.; Cussans, D.; Flacher, H.; Frazier, R.; Goldstein, J.; Grimes, M.; Heath, G. P.; Heath, H. F.; Kreczko, L.; Metson, S.; Newbold, D. M.; Nirunpong, K.; Poll, A.; Senkin, S.; Smith, V. J.; Williams, T.] Univ Bristol, Bristol, Avon, England. [Worm, S. D.; Newbold, D. M.; Basso, L.; Bell, K. W.; Belyaev, A.; Brew, C.; Brown, R. M.; Cockerill, D. J. A.; Coughlan, J. A.; Harder, K.; Harper, S.; Jackson, J.; Kennedy, B. W.; Olaiya, E.; Petyt, D.; Radburn-Smith, B. C.; Shepherd-Themistocleous, C. H.; Tomalin, I. R.; Womersley, W. J.] Rutherford Appleton Lab, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. [Bainbridge, R.; Ball, G.; Beuselinck, R.; Buchmuller, O.; Colling, D.; Cripps, N.; Cutajar, M.; Dauncey, P.; Davies, G.; Della Negra, M.; Ferguson, W.; Fulcher, J.; Futyan, D.; Gilbert, A.; Bryer, A. Guneratne; Hall, G.; Hatherell, Z.; Hays, J.; Iles, G.; Jarvis, M.; Karapostoli, G.; Lyons, L.; Magnan, A. -M.; Marrouche, J.; Mathias, B.; Nandi, R.; Nash, J.; Nikitenko, A.; Papageorgiou, A.; Pela, J.; Pesaresi, M.; Petridis, K.; Pioppi, M.; Raymond, D. M.; Rogerson, S.; Rompotis, N.; Rose, A.; Ryan, M. J.; Seez, C.; Sharp, P.; Sparrow, A.; Tapper, A.; Acosta, M. Vazquez; Virdee, T.; Wakefield, S.; Wardle, N.; Whyntie, T.] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, London, England. [Barrett, M.; Chadwick, M.; Cole, J. E.; Hobson, P. R.; Khan, A.; Kyberd, P.; Leggat, D.; Leslie, D.; Martin, W.; Reid, I. D.; Symonds, P.; Teodorescu, L.; Turner, M.] Brunel Univ, Uxbridge UB8 3PH, Middx, England. [Hatakeyama, K.; Liu, H.; Scarborough, T.] Baylor Univ, Waco, TX 76798 USA. [Henderson, C.; Rumerio, P.] Univ Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL USA. [Avetisyan, A.; Bose, T.; Fantasia, C.; Heister, A.; John, J. St.; Lawson, P.; Lazic, D.; Rohlf, J.; Sperka, D.; Sulak, L.] Boston Univ, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Alimena, J.; Bhattacharya, S.; Cutts, D.; Ferapontov, A.; Heintz, U.; Jabeen, S.; Kukartsev, G.; Landsberg, G.; Luk, M.; Narain, M.; Nguyen, D.; Segala, M.; Sinthuprasith, T.; Speer, T.; Tsang, K. V.] Brown Univ, Providence, RI 02912 USA. [Breedon, R.; Breto, G.; Sanchez, M. Calderon De La Barca; Chauhan, S.; Chertok, M.; Conway, J.; Conway, R.; Cox, P. T.; Do Len, J.; Erbacher, R.; Gardner, M.; Houtz, R.; Ko, W.; Kopecky, A.; Lander, R.; Mall, O.; Miceli, T.; Nelson, R.; Pellett, D.; Rutherford, B.; Searle, M.; Smith, J.; Squires, M.; Tripathi, M.; Sierra, R. Vasquez] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Andreev, V.; Cline, D.; Cousins, R.; Duris, J.; Erhan, S.; Everaerts, P.; Farrell, C.; Hauser, J.; Ignatenko, M.; Plager, C.; Rakness, G.; Schlein, P.; Tucker, J.; Valuev, V.; Weber, M.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Babb, J.; Clare, R.; Dinardo, M. E.; Ellison, J.; Gary, J. W.; Giordano, F.; Hanson, G.; Jeng, G. Y.; Liu, H.; Long, O. R.; Luthra, A.; Nguyen, H.; Paramesvaran, S.; Sturdy, J.; Sumowidagdo, S.; Wilken, R.; Wimpenny, S.] Univ Calif Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Andrews, W.; Branson, J. G.; Cerati, G. B.; Cittolin, S.; Evans, D.; Golf, F.; Holzner, A.; Kelley, R.; Lebourgeois, M.; Letts, J.; Macneill, I.; Mangano, B.; Muelmenstaedt, J.; Padhi, S.; Palmer, C.; Petrucciani, G.; Pieri, M.; Ranieri, R.; Sani, M.; Sharma, V.; Simon, S.; Sudano, E.; Tadel, M.; Tu, Y.; Vartak, A.; Wasserbaech, S.; Wuerthwein, F.; Yagil, A.; Yoo, J.] Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Barge, D.; Bellan, R.; Campagnari, C.; D'Alfonso, M.; Danielson, T.; Flowers, K.; Geffert, P.; Incandela, J.; Justus, C.; Kalavase, P.; Koay, S. A.; Kovalskyi, D.; Krutelyov, V.; Lowette, S.; Mccoll, N.; Pavlunin, V.; Rebassoo, F.; Ribnik, J.; Richman, J.; Rossin, R.; Stuart, D.; To, W.; West, C.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. [Dias, F. A.; Dubinin, M.; Spiropulu, M.; Apresyan, A.; Bornheim, A.; Chen, Y.; Di Marco, E.; Duarte, J.; Gataullin, M.; Ma, Y.; Mott, A.; Newman, H. B.; Rogan, C.; Timciuc, V.; Traczyk, P.; Veverka, J.; Wilkinson, R.; Yang, Y.; Zhu, R. Y.] CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Akgun, B.; Carroll, R.; Ferguson, T.; Iiyama, Y.; Jang, D. W.; Liu, Y. F.; Paulini, M.; Vogel, H.; Vorobiev, I.] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. [Cumalat, J. P.; Drell, B. R.; Edelmaier, C. J.; Ford, W. T.; Gaz, A.; Heyburn, B.; Lopez, E. Luiggi; Smith, J. G.; Stenson, K.; Ulmer, K. A.; Wagner, S. R.] Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Agostino, L.; Alexander, J.; Chatterjee, A.; Eggert, N.; Gibbons, L. K.; Heltsley, B.; Hopkins, W.; Khukhunaishvili, A.; Kreis, B.; Mirman, N.; Kaufman, G. Nicolas; Patterson, J. R.; Ryd, A.; Salvati, E.; Sun, W.; Teo, W. D.; Thom, J.; Thompson, J.; Vaughan, J.; Weng, Y.; Winstrom, L.; Wittich, P.] Cornell Univ, Ithaca, NY USA. [Winn, D.] Fairfield Univ, Fairfield, CT 06430 USA. [Abdullin, S.; Albrow, M.; Anderson, J.; Bauerdick, L. A. T.; Beretvas, A.; Berryhill, J.; Bhat, P. C.; Bloch, I.; Burkett, K.; Butler, J. N.; Chetluru, V.; Cheung, H. W. K.; Chlebana, F.; Elvira, V. D.; Fisk, I.; Freeman, J.; Gao, Y.; Green, D.; Gutsche, O.; Hahn, A.; Hanlon, J.; Harris, R. M.; Hirschauer, J.; Hooberman, B.; Jindariani, S.; Johnson, M.; Joshi, U.; Kilminster, B.; Klima, B.; Kunori, S.; Kwan, S.; Lincoln, D.; Lipton, R.; Lueking, L.; Lykken, J.; Maeshima, K.; Marraffino, J. M.; Maruyama, S.; Mason, D.; McBride, P.; Mishra, K.; Mrenna, S.; Musienko, Y.; Newman-Holmes, C.; O'Dell, V.; Prokofyev, O.; Sexton-Kennedy, E.; Sharma, S.; Spalding, W. J.; Spiegel, L.; Tan, P.; Taylor, L.; Tkaczyk, S.; Tran, N. V.; Uplegger, L.; Vaandering, E. W.; Vidal, R.; Whitmore, J.; Wu, W.; Yang, F.; Yumiceva, F.; Yun, J. C.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. [Acosta, D.; Avery, P.; Bourilkov, D.; Chen, M.; Das, S.; De Gruttola, M.; Di Giovanni, G. P.; Dobur, D.; Drozdetskiy, A.; Field, R. D.; Fisher, M.; Fu, Y.; Furic, I. K.; Gartner, J.; Hugon, J.; Kim, B.; Konigsberg, J.; Korytov, A.; Kropivnitskaya, A.; Kypreos, T.; Low, J. F.; Matchev, K.; Milenovic, P.; Mitselmakher, G.; Muniz, L.; Remington, R.; Rinkevicius, A.; Sellers, P.; Skhirtladze, N.; Snowball, M.; Yelton, J.; Zakaria, M.] Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL USA. [Gaultney, V.; Lebolo, L. M.; Linn, S.; Markowitz, P.; Martinez, G.; Rodriguez, J. L.] Florida Int Univ, Miami, FL 33199 USA. [Adams, T.; Askew, A.; Bochenek, J.; Chen, J.; Diamond, B.; Gleyzer, S. V.; Haas, J.; Hagopian, S.; Hagopian, V.; Jenkins, M.; Johnson, K. F.; Prosper, H.; Veeraraghavan, V.; Weinberg, M.] Florida State Univ, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. [Baarmand, M. M.; Dorney, B.; Hohlmann, M.; Kalakhety, H.; Vodopiyanov, I.] Florida Inst Technol, Melbourne, FL 32901 USA. [Adams, M. R.; Anghel, I. M.; Apanasevich, L.; Bai, Y.; Bazterra, V. E.; Betts, R. R.; Finer, J. Ca; Cavanaugh, R.; Dragoiu, C.; Evdokimov, O.; Garcia-Solis, E. J.; Gauthier, L.; Gerber, C. E.; Hofman, D. J.; Khalatyan, S.; Lacroix, F.; Malek, M.; O'Brien, C.; Silkworth, C.; Strom, D.; Varelas, N.] UIC, Chicago, IL USA. [Ozturk, S.; Akgun, U.; Albayrak, E. A.; Bilki, B.; Chung, K.; Clarida, W.; Duru, F.; Griffiths, S.; Lae, C. K.; Merlo, J. -P.; Mermerkaya, H.; Mestvirishvili, A.; Moeller, A.; Nachtman, J.; Newsom, C. R.; Norbeck, E.; Olson, J.; Onel, Y.; Ozok, F.; Sen, S.; Tiras, E.; Wetzel, J.; Yetkin, T.; Yi, K.] Univ Iowa, Iowa City, IA USA. [Barnett, B. A.; Blumenfeld, B.; Bolognesi, S.; Fehling, D.; Giurgiu, G.; Gritsan, A. V.; Guo, Z. J.; Hu, G.; Maksimovic, P.; Rappoccio, S.; Swartz, M.; Whitbeck, A.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD USA. [Sibie, J.; Baringer, P.; Bean, A.; Benelli, G.; Grachov, O.; Iii, R. P. Kenny; Murray, M.; Noonan, D.; Radicci, V.; Sanders, S.; Stringer, R.; Tinti, G.; Wood, J. S.; Zhukova, V.] Univ Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. [Barfuss, A. F.; Bolton, T.; Chakaberia, I.; Ivanov, A.; Khalil, S.; Makouski, M.; Maravin, Y.; Shrestha, S.; Svintradze, I.] Kansas State Univ, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Gronberg, J.; Lange, D.; Wright, D.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. [Baden, A.; Boutemeur, M.; Calvert, B.; Eno, S. C.; Gomez, J. A.; Hadley, N. J.; Kellogg, R. G.; Kim, M.; Kolberg, T.; Lu, Y.; Marionneau, M.; Mignerey, A. C.; Peterman, A.; Rossato, K.; Skuja, A.; Temple, J.; Tonjes, M. B.; Tonwar, S. C.; Twedt, E.] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Bauer, G.; Bendavid, J.; Busza, W.; Butz, E.; Cali, I. A.; Chan, M.; Dutta, V.; Ceballos, G. Gomez; Goncharov, M.; Hahn, K. A.; Kim, Y.; Klute, M.; Lee, Y. -J.; Li, W.; Luckey, P. D.; Ma, T.; Nahn, S.; Paus, C.; Ralph, D.; Roland, C.; Roland, G.; Rudolph, M.; Stephans, G. S. F.; Stoeckli, F.; Sumorok, K.; Sung, K.; Velicanu, D.; Wenger, E. A.; Wolf, R.; Wyslouch, B.; Xie, S.; Yang, M.; Yilmaz, Y.; Yoon, A. S.; Zanetti, M.] MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Cooper, S. I.; Cushman, P.; Dahmes, B.; De Benedetti, A.; Franzoni, G.; Gude, A.; Haupt, J.; Kao, S. C.; Klapoetke, K.; Kubota, Y.; Mans, J.; Pastika, N.; Rusack, R.; Sasseville, M.; Singovsky, A.; Tambe, N.; Turkewitz, J.] Univ Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN USA. [Cremaldi, L. M.; Kroeger, R.; Perera, L.; Rahmat, R.; Sanders, D. A.] Univ Mississippi, University, MS 38677 USA. [Avdeeva, E.; Bloom, K.; Bose, S.; Butt, J.; Claes, D. R.; Dominguez, A.; Eads, M.; Jindal, P.; Keller, J.; Kravchenko, I.; Lazo-Flores, J.; Malbouisson, H.; Malik, S.; Snow, G. R.] Univ Nebraska Lincoln, Lincoln, NE USA. [Baur, U.; Godshalk, A.; Iashvili, I.; Jain, S.; Kharchilava, A.; Kumar, A.; Shipkowski, S. P.; Smith, K.] SUNY Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. [Alverson, G.; Barberis, E.; Baumgartel, D.; Chasco, M.; Haley, J.; Trocino, D.; Wood, D.; Zhang, J.] Northeastern Univ, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Anastassov, A.; Kubik, A.; Mucia, N.; Odell, N.; Ofierzynski, R. A.; Pollack, B.; Pozdnyakov, A.; Schmitt, M.; Stoynev, S.; Velasco, M.; Won, S.] Northwestern Univ, Evanston, IL USA. [Antonelli, L.; Berry, D.; Brinkerhoff, A.; Hildreth, M.; Jessop, C.; Karmgard, D. J.; Kolb, J.; Lannon, K.; Luo, W.; Lynch, S.; Marinelli, N.; Morse, D. M.; Pearson, T.; Ruchti, R.; Slaunwhite, J.; Valls, N.; Warchol, J.; Wayne, M.; Wolf, M.; Ziegler, J.] Univ Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. [Bylsma, B.; Durkin, L. S.; Hill, C.; Hughes, R.; Killewald, P.; Kotov, K.; Ling, T. Y.; Puigh, D.; Rodenburg, M.; Vuosalo, C.; Williams, G.; Winer, B. L.] Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Adam, N.; Berry, E.; Elmer, P.; Gerbaudo, D.; Halyo, V.; Hebda, P.; Hegeman, J.; Hunt, A.; Laird, E.; Pegna, D. Lopes; Lujan, P.; Marlow, D.; Medvedeva, T.; Mooney, M.; Olsen, J.; Piroue, P.; Quan, X.; Raval, A.; Saka, H.; Stickland, D.; Tully, C.; Werner, J. S.; Zuranski, A.] Princeton Univ, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Acosta, J. G.; Huang, X. T.; Lopez, A.; Mendez, H.; Oliveros, S.; Vargas, J. E. Ramirez; Zatserklyaniy, A.] Univ Puerto Rico, Mayaguez, PR USA. [Alagoz, E.; Barnes, V. E.; Benedetti, D.; Bolla, G.; Bortoletto, D.; De Mattia, M.; Everett, A.; Hu, Z.; Jones, M.; Koybasi, O.; Kress, M.; Laasanen, A. T.; Leonardo, N.; Maroussov, V.; Merkel, P.; Miller, D. H.; Neumeister, N.; Shipsey, I.; Silvers, D.; Svyatkovskiy, A.; Marono, M. Vidal; Yoo, H. D.; Zablocki, J.; Zheng, Y.] Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Guragain, S.; Parashar, N.] Purdue Univ Calumet, Hammond, LA USA. [Adair, A.; Boulahouache, C.; Cuplov, V.; Ecklund, K. M.; Geurts, F. J. M.; Padley, B. P.; Redjimi, R.; Roberts, J.; Zabel, J.] Rice Univ, Houston, TX USA. [Betchart, B.; Bodek, A.; Chung, Y. S.; Covarelli, R.; de Barbaro, P.; Demina, R.; Eshaq, Y.; Garcia-Bellido, A.; Goldenzweig, P.; Gotra, Y.; Han, J.; Harel, A.; Korjenevski, S.; Miner, D. C.; Vishnevskiy, D.; Zielinski, M.] Univ Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. [Bhatti, A.; Ciesielski, R.; Demortier, L.; Goulianos, K.; Lungu, G.; Malik, S.; Mesropian, C.] Rockefeller Univ, New York, NY 10021 USA. [Arora, S.; Barker, A.; Contreras-Campana, C.; Contreras-Campana, E.; Duggan, D.; Ferencek, D.; Gershtein, Y.; Gray, R.; Halkiadakis, E.; Hidas, D.; Hits, D.; Lath, A.; Panwalkar, S.; Park, M.; Patel, R.; Rekovic, V.; Richards, A.; Robles, J.; Rose, K.; Salur, S.; Schnetzer, S.; Seitz, C.; Somalwar, S.; Stone, R.; Thomas, S.] Rutgers State Univ, Piscataway, NJ USA. [Cerizza, G.; Hollingsworth, M.; Spanier, S.; Yang, Z. C.; York, A.] Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN USA. [Eusebi, R.; Flanagan, W.; Gilmore, J.; Kamon, T.; Khotilovich, V.; Montalvo, R.; Osipenkov, I.; Pakhotin, Y.; Perloff, A.; Roe, J.; Safonov, A.; Sakuma, T.; Sengupta, S.; Suarez, I.; Tatarinov, A.; Toback, D.] Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX USA. [Akchurin, N.; Damgov, J.; Dudero, P. R.; Jeong, C.; Kovitanggoon, K.; Lee, S. W.; Libeiro, T.; Roh, Y.; Volobouev, I.] Texas Tech Univ, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. [Appelt, E.; Engh, D.; Florez, C.; Greene, S.; Gurrola, A.; Johns, W.; Kurt, P.; Maguire, C.; Melo, A.; Sheldon, P.; Snook, B.; Tuo, S.; Velkovska, J.] Vanderbilt Univ, Nashville, TN USA. [Arenton, M. W.; Balazs, M.; Boutle, S.; Cox, B.; Francis, B.; Goodell, J.; Hirosky, R.; Ledovskoy, A.; Lin, C.; Neu, C.; Wood, J.; Yohay, R.] Univ Virginia, Charlottesville, VA USA. [Gollapinni, S.; Harr, R.; Karchin, P. E.; Don, C. Kottachchi Kankanamge; Lamichhane, P.; Sakharov, A.] Wayne State Univ, Detroit, MI USA. [Anderson, M.; Bachtis, M.; Belknap, D.; Borrello, L.; Carlsmith, D.; Cepeda, M.; Dasu, S.; Gray, L.; Grogg, K. S.; Grothe, M.; Hall-Wilton, R.; Herndon, M.; Herve, A.; Klabbers, P.; Klukas, J.; Lanaro, A.; Lazaridis, C.; Leonard, J.; Loveless, R.; Mohapatra, A.; Ojalvo, I.; Pierro, G. A.; Ross, I.; Savin, A.; Smith, W. H.; Swanson, J.] Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Anjos, T. S.; Bernardes, C. A.; Gregores, E. M.; Mercadante, P. G.] Univ Fed ABC, Santo Andre, Brazil. [Assran, Y.] Suez Canal Univ, Suez, Egypt. [Kamel, A. Ellithi] Cairo Univ, Cairo, Egypt. [Khalil, S.; Radi, A.] British Univ, Cairo, Egypt. [Mahmoud, M. A.] Fayoum Univ, Al Fayyum, Egypt. [Agram, J. -L.; Conte, E.; Drouhin, F.; Fontaine, J. -C.; Karim, M.] Univ Haute Alsace, Mulhouse, France. [Bergholz, M.; Lohmannm, W.; Schmidt, R.] Brandenburg Tech Univ Cottbus, Cottbus, Germany. [Krajczar, K.; Vesztergombi, G.; Veres, G. I.] Eotvos Lorand Univ, Budapest, Hungary. [Maity, M.] Visva Bharati Univ, Santini Ketan, W Bengal, India. [Bakhshiansohi, H.; Fahim, A.; Jafari, A.] Sharif Univ Technol, Tehran, Iran. [Etesami, S. M.; Zeinali, M.] Isfahan Univ Technol, Esfahan, Iran. [Mohammadi, A.] Shiraz Univ, Shiraz, Iran. [Safarzadeh, B.] Islamic Azad Univ, Sci & Res Branch, Plasma Phys Res Ctr, Tehran, Iran. [Colafranceschi, S.] Univ Roma, Fac Ingn, Rome, Italy. [Cavallo, N.; Fabozzi, F.] Univ Basilicata, I-85100 Potenza, Italy. [Meola, S.] Univ Guglielmo Marconi, Rome, Italy. [Martini, L.] Univ Siena, I-53100 Siena, Italy. [Serban, A. T.] Univ Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania. [Rolandi, G.] Scuola Normale & Sez INFN, Pisa, Italy. [Bakirci, M. N.; Topakli, H.] Gaziosmanpasa Univ, Tokat, Turkey. [Cerci, S.; Cerci, D. Sunar; Tai, B.] Adiyaman Univ, Adiyaman, Turkey. [Sogut, K.] Mersin Univ, Mersin, Turkey. [Kaya, M.; Kaya, O.] Kafkas Univ, Kars, Turkey. [Ozkorucuklu, S.] Suleyman Demirel Univ, TR-32200 Isparta, Turkey. [Sonmez, N.] Ege Univ, Izmir, Turkey. [Basso, L.; Belyaev, A.] Univ Southampton, Sch Phys & Astron, Southampton, Hants, England. [Jeng, G. Y.] Univ Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. [Wasserbaech, S.] Utah Valley Univ, Orem, UT USA. [Bilki, B.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Mermerkaya, H.] Erzincan Univ, Erzincan, Turkey. RP Chatrchyan, S (reprint author), Yerevan Phys Inst, Yerevan 375036, Armenia. RI Dudko, Lev/D-7127-2012; Tinoco Mendes, Andre David/D-4314-2011; Torassa, Ezio/I-1788-2012; Dogangun, Oktay/L-9252-2013; Hill, Christopher/B-5371-2012; Petrushanko, Sergey/D-6880-2012; Lokhtin, Igor/D-7004-2012; Ivanov, Andrew/A-7982-2013; Venturi, Andrea/J-1877-2012; Liu, Sheng/K-2815-2013; Wimpenny, Stephen/K-8848-2013; Markina, Anastasia/E-3390-2012; Raidal, Martti/F-4436-2012; Menasce, Dario Livio/A-2168-2016; Bargassa, Pedrame/O-2417-2016; Sguazzoni, Giacomo/J-4620-2015; Ligabue, Franco/F-3432-2014; Fassi, Farida/F-3571-2016; Xie, Si/O-6830-2016; Leonardo, Nuno/M-6940-2016; Goh, Junghwan/Q-3720-2016; Govoni, Pietro/K-9619-2016; Tuominen, Eija/A-5288-2017; Yazgan, Efe/C-4521-2014; Gerbaudo, Davide/J-4536-2012; Lazzizzera, Ignazio/E-9678-2015; Hernandez Calama, Jose Maria/H-9127-2015; KIM, Tae Jeong/P-7848-2015; Arce, Pedro/L-1268-2014; Flix, Josep/G-5414-2012; Della Ricca, Giuseppe/B-6826-2013; Azarkin, Maxim/N-2578-2015; Paganoni, Marco/A-4235-2016; Kirakosyan, Martin/N-2701-2015; Gulmez, Erhan/P-9518-2015; Seixas, Joao/F-5441-2013; Sznajder, Andre/L-1621-2016; Vilela Pereira, Antonio/L-4142-2016; Haj Ahmad, Wael/E-6738-2016; Bedoya, Cristina/K-8066-2014; Matorras, Francisco/I-4983-2015; My, Salvatore/I-5160-2015; Muelmenstaedt, Johannes/K-2432-2015; Dremin, Igor/K-8053-2015; Hoorani, Hafeez/D-1791-2013; Leonidov, Andrey/M-4440-2013; tosi, mia/J-5777-2012; Santaolalla, Javier/C-3094-2013; Tomei, Thiago/E-7091-2012; Andreev, Vladimir/M-8665-2015; TUVE', Cristina/P-3933-2015; Benussi, Luigi/O-9684-2014; Leonidov, Andrey/P-3197-2014; Kadastik, Mario/B-7559-2008; Snigirev, Alexander/D-8912-2012; Dahms, Torsten/A-8453-2015; Grandi, Claudio/B-5654-2015; Bernardes, Cesar Augusto/D-2408-2015; Sen, Sercan/C-6473-2014; D'Alessandro, Raffaello/F-5897-2015; Belyaev, Alexander/F-6637-2015; Stahl, Achim/E-8846-2011; Trocsanyi, Zoltan/A-5598-2009; Konecki, Marcin/G-4164-2015; Scodellaro, Luca/K-9091-2014; Josa, Isabel/K-5184-2014; Calvo Alamillo, Enrique/L-1203-2014; Amapane, Nicola/J-3683-2012; Mundim, Luiz/A-1291-2012; Zalewski, Piotr/H-7335-2013; Paulini, Manfred/N-7794-2014; Klyukhin, Vyacheslav/D-6850-2012; Vogel, Helmut/N-8882-2014; Marinho, Franciole/N-8101-2014; Ferguson, Thomas/O-3444-2014; Ragazzi, Stefano/D-2463-2009; Alves, Gilvan/C-4007-2013; Wulz, Claudia-Elisabeth/H-5657-2011; Codispoti, Giuseppe/F-6574-2014; Tinti, Gemma/I-5886-2013; Padula, Sandra /G-3560-2012; Fruhwirth, Rudolf/H-2529-2012; Gregores, Eduardo/F-8702-2012; Gribushin, Andrei/J-4225-2012; Cerrada, Marcos/J-6934-2014; Calderon, Alicia/K-3658-2014; de la Cruz, Begona/K-7552-2014; Jeitler, Manfred/H-3106-2012; Azzi, Patrizia/H-5404-2012; Rolandi, Luigi (Gigi)/E-8563-2013; Giacomelli, Paolo/B-8076-2009; Montanari, Alessandro/J-2420-2012; Novaes, Sergio/D-3532-2012; Marlow, Daniel/C-9132-2014; de Jesus Damiao, Dilson/G-6218-2012; Oguri, Vitor/B-5403-2013; Janssen, Xavier/E-1915-2013; Chen, Jie/H-6210-2011; Bartalini, Paolo/E-2512-2014; Mercadante, Pedro/K-1918-2012 OI Dudko, Lev/0000-0002-4462-3192; Tinoco Mendes, Andre David/0000-0001-5854-7699; Dogangun, Oktay/0000-0002-1255-2211; Hill, Christopher/0000-0003-0059-0779; Ivanov, Andrew/0000-0002-9270-5643; Wimpenny, Stephen/0000-0003-0505-4908; Heredia De La Cruz, Ivan/0000-0002-8133-6467; Ghezzi, Alessio/0000-0002-8184-7953; bianco, stefano/0000-0002-8300-4124; Demaria, Natale/0000-0003-0743-9465; Benaglia, Andrea Davide/0000-0003-1124-8450; Covarelli, Roberto/0000-0003-1216-5235; Ciulli, Vitaliano/0000-0003-1947-3396; Fiorendi, Sara/0000-0003-3273-9419; Martelli, Arabella/0000-0003-3530-2255; Gonzi, Sandro/0000-0003-4754-645X; Levchenko, Petr/0000-0003-4913-0538; Baarmand, Marc/0000-0002-9792-8619; Boccali, Tommaso/0000-0002-9930-9299; Menasce, Dario Livio/0000-0002-9918-1686; Bargassa, Pedrame/0000-0001-8612-3332; Attia Mahmoud, Mohammed/0000-0001-8692-5458; Bilki, Burak/0000-0001-9515-3306; Lloret Iglesias, Lara/0000-0002-0157-4765; Sguazzoni, Giacomo/0000-0002-0791-3350; Ligabue, Franco/0000-0002-1549-7107; Diemoz, Marcella/0000-0002-3810-8530; Tricomi, Alessia Rita/0000-0002-5071-5501; Fassi, Farida/0000-0002-6423-7213; Xie, Si/0000-0003-2509-5731; Leonardo, Nuno/0000-0002-9746-4594; Goh, Junghwan/0000-0002-1129-2083; Govoni, Pietro/0000-0002-0227-1301; Tuominen, Eija/0000-0002-7073-7767; Yazgan, Efe/0000-0001-5732-7950; Gerbaudo, Davide/0000-0002-4463-0878; Lazzizzera, Ignazio/0000-0001-5092-7531; Hernandez Calama, Jose Maria/0000-0001-6436-7547; Bean, Alice/0000-0001-5967-8674; Longo, Egidio/0000-0001-6238-6787; Di Matteo, Leonardo/0000-0001-6698-1735; KIM, Tae Jeong/0000-0001-8336-2434; Arce, Pedro/0000-0003-3009-0484; Flix, Josep/0000-0003-2688-8047; Della Ricca, Giuseppe/0000-0003-2831-6982; Paganoni, Marco/0000-0003-2461-275X; Gulmez, Erhan/0000-0002-6353-518X; Seixas, Joao/0000-0002-7531-0842; Sznajder, Andre/0000-0001-6998-1108; Vilela Pereira, Antonio/0000-0003-3177-4626; Haj Ahmad, Wael/0000-0003-1491-0446; Bedoya, Cristina/0000-0001-8057-9152; Matorras, Francisco/0000-0003-4295-5668; My, Salvatore/0000-0002-9938-2680; Muelmenstaedt, Johannes/0000-0003-1105-6678; Tomei, Thiago/0000-0002-1809-5226; TUVE', Cristina/0000-0003-0739-3153; Benussi, Luigi/0000-0002-2363-8889; Dahms, Torsten/0000-0003-4274-5476; Grandi, Claudio/0000-0001-5998-3070; Sen, Sercan/0000-0001-7325-1087; D'Alessandro, Raffaello/0000-0001-7997-0306; Belyaev, Alexander/0000-0002-1733-4408; Stahl, Achim/0000-0002-8369-7506; Trocsanyi, Zoltan/0000-0002-2129-1279; Konecki, Marcin/0000-0001-9482-4841; Scodellaro, Luca/0000-0002-4974-8330; Calvo Alamillo, Enrique/0000-0002-1100-2963; Amapane, Nicola/0000-0001-9449-2509; Mundim, Luiz/0000-0001-9964-7805; Paulini, Manfred/0000-0002-6714-5787; Klyukhin, Vyacheslav/0000-0002-8577-6531; Vogel, Helmut/0000-0002-6109-3023; Marinho, Franciole/0000-0002-7327-0349; Ferguson, Thomas/0000-0001-5822-3731; Ragazzi, Stefano/0000-0001-8219-2074; Wulz, Claudia-Elisabeth/0000-0001-9226-5812; Codispoti, Giuseppe/0000-0003-0217-7021; Cerrada, Marcos/0000-0003-0112-1691; Azzi, Patrizia/0000-0002-3129-828X; Rolandi, Luigi (Gigi)/0000-0002-0635-274X; Montanari, Alessandro/0000-0003-2748-6373; Novaes, Sergio/0000-0003-0471-8549; de Jesus Damiao, Dilson/0000-0002-3769-1680; FU FMSR (Austria); FNRS (Belgium); FWO (Belgium); CNPq (Brazil); CAPES (Brazil); FAPERJ (Brazil); FAPESP (Brazil); MES (Bulgaria); CERN; CAS (China); MoST (China); NSFC (China); COLCIENCIAS (Colombia); MSES (Croatia); RPF (Cyprus); Academy of Sciences (Estonia); NICPB (Estonia); Academy of Finland (Finland); ME (Finland); HIP (Finland); CEA (France); CNRS/IN2P3 (France); BMBF (Germany); DFG (Germany); HGF (Germany); GSRT (Greece); OTKA (Hungary); NKTH (Hungary); DAE (India); DST (India); IPM (Iran); SFI (Ireland); INFN (Italy); NRF (Korea); WCU (Korea); LAS (Lithuania); CINVESTAV (Mexico); CONACYT (Mexico); SEP (Mexico); UASLP-FAI (Mexico); PAEC (Pakistan); SCSR (Poland); FCT (Portugal); JINR (Armenia); JINR (Belarus); JINR (Georgia); JINR (Ukraine); JINR (Uzbekistan); MST (Russia); MAE (Russia); MSTD (Serbia); MICINN (Spain); CPAN (Spain); Swiss Funding Agencies (Switzerland); NSC (Taipei); TUBITAK (Turkey); TAEK (Turkey); STFC (United Kingdom); DOE (USA); NSF (USA) FX We wish to congratulate our colleagues in the CERN accelerator departments for the excellent performance of the LHC machine. We thank the technical and administrative staff at CERN and other CMS institutes, and acknowledge support from: FMSR (Austria); FNRS and FWO (Belgium); CNPq, CAPES, FAPERJ, and FAPESP (Brazil); MES (Bulgaria); CERN; CAS, MoST, and NSFC (China); COLCIENCIAS (Colombia); MSES (Croatia); RPF (Cyprus); Academy of Sciences and NICPB (Estonia); Academy of Finland, ME, and HIP (Finland); CEA and CNRS/IN2P3 (France); BMBF, DFG, and HGF (Germany); GSRT (Greece); OTKA and NKTH (Hungary); DAE and DST (India); IPM (Iran); SFI (Ireland); INFN (Italy); NRF and WCU (Korea); LAS (Lithuania); CINVESTAV, CONACYT, SEP, and UASLP-FAI (Mexico); PAEC (Pakistan); SCSR (Poland); FCT (Portugal); JINR (Armenia, Belarus, Georgia, Ukraine, Uzbekistan); MST and MAE (Russia); MSTD (Serbia); MICINN and CPAN (Spain); Swiss Funding Agencies (Switzerland); NSC (Taipei); TUBITAK and TAEK (Turkey); STFC (United Kingdom); DOE and NSF (USA). NR 49 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 33 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1029-8479 J9 J HIGH ENERGY PHYS JI J. High Energy Phys. PD MAY PY 2012 IS 5 AR 123 DI 10.1007/JHEP05(2012)123 PG 30 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 958LL UT WOS:000305238600043 ER PT J AU Chatrchyan, S Khachatryan, V Sirunyan, AM Tumasyan, A Adam, W Bergauer, T Dragicevic, M Eroe, J Fabjan, C Friedl, M Fruhwirth, R Ghete, VM Hammer, J Hoch, M Hormann, N Hrubec, J Jeitler, M Kiesenhofer, W Krammer, M Liko, D Mikulec, I Pernicka, M Rahbaran, B Rohringer, C Rohringer, H Schofbeck, R Strauss, J Taurok, A Teischinger, F Wagner, P Waltenberger, W Walzel, G Widl, E Wulz, CE Mossolov, V Shumeiko, N Gonzalez, JS Bansal, S Benucci, L Cornelis, T De Wolf, EA Janssen, X Luyckx, S Maes, T Mucibello, L Ochesanu, S Roland, B Rougny, R Selvaggi, M Van Haevermaet, H Van Mechelen, P Van Remortel, N Van Spilbeeck, A Blekman, F Blyweert, S D'Hondt, J Suarez, RG Kalogeropoulos, A Maes, M Olbrechts, A Van Doninck, W Van Mulders, P Van Onsem, GP Villella, I Charaf, O Clerbaux, B De Lentdecker, G Dero, V Gay, APR Hammad, GH Hreus, T Leonard, A Marage, 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Swanson, J. CA CMS Collaboration TI Search for quark compositeness in dijet angular distributions from pp collisions at root s=7 TeV SO JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Hadron-Hadron Scattering ID COLLIDER; DETECTOR AB A search for quark compositeness using dijet angular distributions from pp collisions at root s = 7TeV is presented. The search has been carried out using a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 2 : 2 fb(-1), recorded by the CMS experiment at the LHC. Normalized dijet angular distributions have been measured for dijet invariant masses from 0.4TeV to above 3TeV and compared with a variety of contact interaction models, including those which take into account the effects of next-to-leading-order QCD corrections. The data are found to be in agreement with the predictions of perturbative QCD, and lower limits are obtained on the contact interaction scale, ranging from 7.5 up to 14.5TeV at 95% confidence level. 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[Sillou, D.] IN2P3 CNRS, Lab Annecy Le Vieux Phys Particules, Annecy Le Vieux, France. [Besancon, M.; Choudhury, S.; Dejardin, M.; Denegri, D.; Fabbro, B.; Faure, J. L.; Ferri, F.; Ganjour, S.; Givernaud, A.; Gras, P.; de Monchenault, G. Hamel; Jarry, P.; Locci, E.; Malcles, J.; Marionneau, M.; Millischer, L.; Rander, J.; Rosowsky, A.; Shreyber, I.; Titov, M.] CEA Saclay, DSM IRFU, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Plestina, R.; Baffioni, S.; Beaudette, F.; Benhabib, L.; Bianchini, L.; Bluj, M.; Broutin, C.; Busson, P.; Charlot, C.; Daci, N.; Dahms, T.; Dobrzynski, L.; Elgammal, S.; de Cassagnac, R. Granier; Haguenauer, M.; Mine, P.; Mironov, C.; Ochando, C.; Paganini, P.; Sabes, D.; Salerno, R.; Sirois, Y.; Thiebaux, C.; Veelken, C.; Zabi, A.; Bernet, C.] IN2P3 CNRS, Ecole Polytech, Lab Leprince Ringuet, Palaiseau, France. [Agram, J. -L.; Andrea, J.; Bloch, D.; Bodin, D.; Brom, J. -M.; Cardaci, M.; Chabert, E. C.; Collard, C.; Conte, E.; Drouhin, F.; Ferro, C.; Fontaine, J. -C.; Gele, D.; Goerlach, U.; Greder, S.; Juillot, P.; Karim, M.; Le Bihan, A. -C.; Van Hove, P.] Univ Haute Alsace Mulhouse, Univ Strasbourg, Inst Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien, CNRS IN2P3, Strasbourg, France. [Fassi, F.; Mercier, D.] Ctr Calcul, Inst Natl Phys Nucl & Phys Particules IN2P3, Villeurbanne, France. [Baty, C.; Beauceron, S.; Beaupere, N.; Bedjidian, M.; Bondu, O.; Boudoul, G.; Boumediene, D.; Brun, H.; Chasserat, J.; Chierici, R.; Contardo, D.; Depasse, P.; El Mamouni, H.; Falkiewicz, A.; Fay, J.; Gascon, S.; Gouzevitch, M.; Ille, B.; Kurca, T.; Le Grand, T.; Lethuillier, M.; Mirabito, L.; Perries, S.; Sordini, V.; Tosi, S.; Tschudi, Y.; Verdier, P.; Viret, S.] Univ Lyon 1, CNRS IN2P3, Inst Phys Nucl Lyon, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France. [Lomidze, D.] Tbilisi State Univ, Inst High Energy Phys & Informatizat, GE-380086 Tbilisi, Rep of Georgia. [Anagnostou, G.; Beranek, S.; Edelhoff, M.; Feld, L.; Heracleous, N.; Hindrichs, O.; Jussen, R.; Klein, K.; Merz, J.; Ostapchuk, A.; Perieanu, A.; Raupach, F.; Sammet, J.; Schael, S.; Sprenger, D.; Weber, H.; Wittmer, B.; Zhukov, V.] Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 1, Aachen, Germany. [Ata, M.; Caudron, J.; Dietz-Laursonn, E.; Erdmann, M.; Gueth, A.; Hebbeker, T.; Heidemann, C.; Hoepfner, K.; Klimkovich, T.; Klingebiel, D.; Kreuzer, P.; Lanske, D.; Lingemann, J.; Magass, C.; Merschmeyer, M.; Meyer, A.; Olschewski, M.; Papacz, P.; Pieta, H.; Reithler, H.; Schmitz, S. A.; Sonnenschein, L.; Steggemann, J.; Teyssier, D.; Weber, M.] Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst A 3, Aachen, Germany. [Bontenackels, M.; Cherepanov, V.; Davids, M.; Fluegge, G.; Geenen, H.; Geisler, M.; Ahmad, W. Haj; Hoehle, F.; Kargoll, B.; Kress, T.; Kuessel, Y.; Linn, A.; Nowack, A.; Perchalla, L.; Pooth, O.; Rennefeld, J.; Sauerland, P.; Stahl, A.; Zoeller, M. H.] Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst B 3, Aachen, Germany. [Martin, M. Aldaya; Behrenhoff, W.; Behrens, U.; Bergholz, M.; Bethani, A.; Borras, K.; Cakir, A.; Campbell, A.; Castro, E.; Dammann, D.; Eckerlin, G.; Eckstein, D.; Flossdorf, A.; Flucke, G.; Geiser, A.; Hauk, J.; Jung, H.; Kasemann, M.; Katsas, P.; Kleinwort, C.; Kluge, H.; Knutsson, A.; Kraemer, M.; Kruecker, D.; Kuznetsova, E.; Lange, W.; Lohmann, W.; Lutz, B.; Mankel, R.; Marfin, I.; Marienfeld, M.; Melzer-Pellmann, I. -A.; Meyer, A. B.; Mnich, J.; Mussgiller, A.; Naumann-Emme, S.; Olzem, J.; Petrukhin, A.; Pitzl, D.; Raspereza, A.; Cipriano, P. M. Ribeiro; Rosin, M.; Salfeld-Nebgen, J.; Schmidt, R.; Schoerner-Sadenius, T.; Sen, N.; Spiridonov, A.; Stein, M.; Tomaszewska, J.; Walsh, R.; Wissing, C.] DESY, Hamburg, Germany. [Autermann, C.; Blobel, V.; Bobrovskyi, S.; Draeger, J.; Enderle, H.; Erfle, J.; Gebbert, U.; Goerner, M.; Hermanns, T.; Kaschube, K.; Kaussen, G.; Kirschenmann, H.; Klanner, R.; Lange, J.; Mura, B.; Nowak, F.; Pietsch, N.; Sander, C.; Schettler, H.; Schleper, P.; Schlieckau, E.; Schmidt, A.; Schroeder, M.; Schum, T.; Stadie, H.; Steinbrueck, G.; Thomsen, J.] Univ Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany. [Barth, C.; Berger, J.; Chwalek, T.; De Boer, W.; Dierlamm, A.; Dirkes, G.; Feindt, M.; Gruschke, J.; Guthoff, M.; Hackstein, C.; Hartmann, F.; Heinrich, M.; Held, H.; Hoffmann, K. H.; Honc, S.; Katkov, I.; Komaragiri, J. R.; Kuhr, T.; Martschei, D.; Mueller, S.; Mueller, Th.; Niegel, M.; Oberst, O.; Oehler, A.; Ott, J.; Peiffer, T.; Quast, G.; Rabbertz, K.; Ratnikov, F.; Ratnikova, N.; Renz, M.; Roecker, S.; Saout, C.; Scheurer, A.; Schieferdecker, P.; Schilling, F. -P.; Weiler, T.; Zeise, M.; Ziebarth, E. B.] Univ Karlsruhe, Inst Expt Kernphys, D-7500 Karlsruhe, Germany. [Daskalakis, G.; Geralis, T.; Kesisoglou, S.; Kyriakis, A.; Loukas, D.; Manolakos, I.; Markou, A.; Markou, C.; Mavrommatis, C.; Ntomari, E.] Inst Nucl Phys Demokritos, Aghia Paraskevi, Greece. [Gouskos, L.; Mertzimekis, T. J.; Panagiotou, A.; Saoulidou, N.; Stiliaris, E.; Sphicas, P.] Univ Athens, Athens, Greece. [Evangelou, I.; Foudas, C.; Kokkas, P.; Manthos, N.; Papadopoulos, I.; Patras, V.; Triantis, F. A.] Univ Ioannina, GR-45110 Ioannina, Greece. [Aranyi, A.; Bencze, G.; Boldizsar, L.; Hajdu, C.; Hidas, P.; Horvath, D.; Kapusi, A.; Krajczar, K.; Sikler, F.; Vesztergombi, G.] KFKI Res Inst Particle & Nucl Phys, Budapest, Hungary. [Horvath, D.; Beni, N.; Molnar, J.; Palinkas, J.; Szillasi, Z.; Veszpremi, V.] Inst Nucl Res ATOMKI, Debrecen, Hungary. [Karancsi, J.; Raics, P.; Trocsanyi, Z. L.; Ujvari, B.] Univ Debrecen, H-4012 Debrecen, Hungary. [Beri, S. B.; Bhatnagar, V.; Dhingra, N.; Gupta, R.; Jindal, M.; Kaur, M.; Kohli, J. M.; Mehta, M. Z.; Nishu, N.; Saini, L. K.; Sharma, A.; Singh, A. P.; Singh, J.; Singh, S. P.] Panjab Univ, Chandigarh 160014, India. [Ahuja, S.; Choudhary, B. C.; Kumar, A.; Malhotra, S.; Naimuddin, M.; Ranjan, K.; Sharma, V.; Shivpuri, R. K.] Univ Delhi, Delhi 110007, India. [Banerjee, S.; Bhattacharya, S.; Dutta, S.; Gomber, B.; Jain, S.; Khurana, R.; Sarkar, S.] Saha Inst Nucl Phys, Kolkata, India. [Choudhury, R. K.; Dutta, D.; Kailas, S.; Kumar, V.; Mohanty, A. K.; Pant, L. M.; Shukla, P.] Bhabha Atom Res Ctr, Bombay 400085, Maharashtra, India. [Aziz, T.; Ganguly, S.; Guchait, M.; Gurtu, A.; Maity, M.; Majumder, G.; Mazumdar, K.; Mohanty, G. B.; Parida, B.; Saha, A.; Sudhakar, K.; Wickramage, N.] Tata Inst Fundamental Res EHEP, Bombay, Maharashtra, India. [Banerjee, S.; Guchait, M.; Dugad, S.; Mondal, N. K.] Tata Inst Fundamental Res HECR, Bombay, Maharashtra, India. [Arfaei, H.; Bakhshiansohi, H.; Etesami, S. M.; Fahim, A.; Hashemi, M.; Hesari, H.; Jafari, A.; Khakzad, M.; Mohammadi, A.; Najafabadi, M. Mohammadi; Mehdiabadi, S. Paktinat; Safarzadeh, B.; Zeinali, M.] Inst Res Fundamental Sci IPM, Tehran, Iran. [Abbrescia, M.; Barbone, L.; Calabria, C.; Chhibra, S. S.; Colaleo, A.; Creanza, D.; De Filippis, N.; De Palma, M.; Fiore, L.; Iaselli, G.; Lusito, L.; Maggi, G.; Maggi, M.; Manna, N.; Marangelli, B.; My, S.; Nuzzo, S.; Pacifico, N.; Pompili, A.; Pugliese, G.; Romano, F.; Selvaggi, G.; Silvestris, L.; Singh, G.; Tupputi, S.; Zito, G.] INFN Sez Bari, Bari, Italy. [Abbrescia, M.; Barbone, L.; Calabria, C.; Chhibra, S. S.; De Palma, M.; Lusito, L.; Manna, N.; Marangelli, B.; Nuzzo, S.; Pacifico, N.; Pompili, A.; Selvaggi, G.; Singh, G.; Tupputi, S.] Univ Bari, Bari, Italy. [Creanza, D.; De Filippis, N.; Iaselli, G.; Maggi, G.; My, S.; Pugliese, G.; Romano, F.] Politecn Bari, Bari, Italy. [Abbiendi, G.; Benvenuti, A. C.; Bonacorsi, D.; Braibant-Giacomelli, S.; Brigliadori, L.; Capiluppi, P.; Castro, A.; Cavallo, F. R.; Cuffiani, M.; Dallavalle, G. M.; Fabbri, F.; Fanfani, A.; Fasanella, D.; Giacomelli, P.; Grandi, C.; Marcellini, S.; Masetti, G.; Meneghelli, M.; Montanari, A.; Navarria, F. L.; Odorici, F.; Perrotta, A.; Primavera, F.; Rossi, A. M.; Rovelli, T.; Siroli, G.; Travaglini, R.] INFN Sez Bologna, Bologna, Italy. [Braibant-Giacomelli, S.; Capiluppi, P.; Castro, A.; Cuffiani, M.; Fanfani, A.; Meneghelli, M.; Navarria, F. L.; Rossi, A. M.; Rovelli, T.; Siroli, G.; Travaglini, R.] Univ Bologna, Bologna, Italy. [Albergo, S.; Cappello, G.; Chiorboli, M.; Costa, S.; Potenza, R.; Tricomi, A.; Tuve, C.] INFN Sez Catania, Catania, Italy. [Albergo, S.; Cappello, G.; Chiorboli, M.; Costa, S.; Potenza, R.; Tricomi, A.; Tuve, C.] Univ Catania, Catania, Italy. [Barbagli, G.; Ciulli, V.; Civinini, C.; D'Alessandro, R.; Focardi, E.; Frosali, S.; Gallo, E.; Gonzi, S.; Meschini, M.; Paoletti, S.; Sguazzoni, G.; Tropiano, A.] INFN Sez Firenze, Florence, Italy. [Ciulli, V.; D'Alessandro, R.; Focardi, E.; Frosali, S.; Gonzi, S.] Univ Florence, Florence, Italy. [Fabbri, F.; Benussi, L.; Bianco, S.; Colafranceschi, S.; Piccolo, D.] INFN Lab Nazl Frascati, Frascati, Italy. [Fabbricatore, P.; Musenich, R.] INFN Sez Genova, Genoa, Italy. [Benaglia, A.; De Guio, F.; Di Matteo, L.; Fiorendi, S.; Gennai, S.; Ghezzi, A.; Malvezzi, S.; Manzoni, R. A.; Martelli, A.; Massironi, A.; Menasce, D.; Moroni, L.; Paganoni, M.; Pedrini, D.; Ragazzi, S.; Redaelli, N.; Sala, S.; de Fatis, T. Tabarelli] INFN Sez Milano Bicocca, Milan, Italy. [Benaglia, A.; De Guio, F.; Di Matteo, L.; Fiorendi, S.; Ghezzi, A.; Manzoni, R. A.; Martelli, A.; Massironi, A.; Paganoni, M.; Ragazzi, S.; de Fatis, T. Tabarelli] Univ Milano Bicocca, Milan, Italy. [Buontempo, S.; Montoya, C. A. Carrillo; Cavallo, N.; De Cosa, A.; Dogangun, O.; Fabozzi, F.; Iorio, A. O. M.; Lista, L.; Merola, M.; Paolucci, P.] INFN Sez Napoli, Naples, Italy. [De Cosa, A.; Dogangun, O.; Merola, M.] Univ Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy. [Azzi, P.; Bacchetta, N.; Bellan, P.; Bisello, D.; Branca, A.; Carlin, R.; Checchia, P.; Dorigo, T.; Dosselli, U.; Fanzago, F.; Gasparini, F.; Gasparini, U.; Gozzelino, A.; Lacaprara, S.; Lazzizzera, I.; Margoni, M.; Mazzucato, M.; Meneguzzo, A. T.; Nespolo, M.; Perrozzi, L.; Pozzobon, N.; Ronchese, P.; Simonetto, F.; Torassa, E.; Tosi, M.; Vanini, S.; Zotto, P.; Zumerle, G.] INFN Sez Padova, Padua, Italy. [Bellan, P.; Bisello, D.; Carlin, R.; Gasparini, F.; Gasparini, U.; Margoni, M.; Meneguzzo, A. T.; Pozzobon, N.; Ronchese, P.; Simonetto, F.; Tosi, M.; Vanini, S.; Zotto, P.; Zumerle, G.] Univ Padua, Padua, Italy. [Lazzizzera, I.] Univ Trento Trento, Padua, Italy. [Baesso, P.; Berzano, U.; Ratti, S. P.; Riccardi, C.; Torre, P.; Vitulo, P.; Viviani, C.] INFN Sez Pavia, Pavia, Italy. [Baesso, P.; Ratti, S. P.; Riccardi, C.; Torre, P.; Vitulo, P.; Viviani, C.] Univ Pavia, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. [Biasini, M.; Bilei, G. M.; Caponeri, B.; Fano, L.; Lariccia, P.; Lucaroni, A.; Mantovani, G.; Menichelli, M.; Nappi, A.; Romeo, F.; Santocchia, A.; Taroni, S.; Valdata, M.; Pioppi, M.] INFN Sez Perugia, Perugia, Italy. [Biasini, M.; Caponeri, B.; Fano, L.; Lariccia, P.; Lucaroni, A.; Mantovani, G.; Nappi, A.; Romeo, F.; Santocchia, A.; Taroni, S.; Valdata, M.; Pioppi, M.] Univ Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy. [Azzurri, P.; Bagliesi, G.; Boccali, T.; Broccolo, G.; Castaldi, R.; D'Agnolo, R. T.; Dell'Orso, R.; Fiori, F.; Foa, L.; Giassi, A.; Kraan, A.; Ligabue, F.; Lomtadze, T.; Martini, L.; Messineo, A.; Palla, F.; Palmonari, F.; Serban, A. T.; Spagnolo, P.; Tenchini, R.; Tonelli, G.; Venturi, A.; Verdini, P. G.] INFN Sez Pisa, Pisa, Italy. [Fiori, F.; Messineo, A.; Tonelli, G.] Univ Pisa, Pisa, Italy. [Azzurri, P.; Broccolo, G.; D'Agnolo, R. T.; Foa, L.; Ligabue, F.] Scuola Normale Super Pisa, Pisa, Italy. [Barone, L.; Cavallari, F.; Del Re, D.; Diemoz, M.; Franci, D.; Grassi, M.; Longo, E.; Meridiani, P.; Nourbakhsh, S.; Organtini, G.; Pandolfi, F.; Paramatti, R.; Rahatlou, S.; Sigamani, M.; Rovelli, C.] INFN Sez Roma, Rome, Italy. [Barone, L.; Del Re, D.; Franci, D.; Longo, E.; Organtini, G.; Pandolfi, F.; Rahatlou, S.; Rovelli, C.] Univ Roma La Sapienza, Rome, Italy. [Amapane, N.; Arcidiacono, R.; Argiro, S.; Arneodo, M.; Biino, C.; Botta, C.; Cartiglia, N.; Castello, R.; Costa, M.; Dellacasa, G.; Demaria, N.; Graziano, A.; Mariotti, C.; Maselli, S.; Migliore, E.; Monaco, V.; Musich, M.; Obertino, M. M.; Pastrone, N.; Pelliccioni, M.; Potenza, A.; Romero, A.; Ruspa, M.; Sacchi, R.; Solano, A.; Staiano, A.; Pereira, A. Vilela] INFN Sez Torino, Turin, Italy. [Amapane, N.; Argiro, S.; Botta, C.; Castello, R.; Costa, M.; Graziano, A.; Migliore, E.; Monaco, V.; Potenza, A.; Romero, A.; Sacchi, R.; Solano, A.] Univ Turin, Turin, Italy. [Arcidiacono, R.; Arneodo, M.; Obertino, M. M.; Ruspa, M.] Univ Piemonte Orientale Novara, Turin, Italy. [Belforte, S.; Cossutti, F.; Della Ricca, G.; Gobbo, B.; Marone, M.; Montanino, D.; Penzo, A.] INFN Sez Trieste, Trieste, Italy. [Della Ricca, G.; Marone, M.; Montanino, D.] Univ Trieste, Trieste, Italy. [Heo, S. G.; Nam, S. K.] Kangwon Natl Univ, Chunchon, South Korea. [Chang, S.; Chung, J.; Kim, D. H.; Kim, G. N.; Kim, J. E.; Kong, D. J.; Park, H.; Ro, S. R.; Son, D. C.; Kamon, T.] Kyungpook Natl Univ, Taegu, South Korea. [Kim, J. Y.; Kim, Zero J.; Song, S.] Chonnam Natl Univ, Inst Universe & Elementary Particles, Kwangju, South Korea. [Jo, H. Y.] Konkuk Univ, Seoul, South Korea. [Choi, S.; Gyun, D.; Hong, B.; Jo, M.; Kim, H.; Kim, T. J.; Lee, K. S.; Moon, D. H.; Park, S. K.; Seo, E.; Sim, K. S.] Korea Univ, Seoul, South Korea. [Kim, H.; Choi, M.; Kang, S.; Kim, J. H.; Park, C.; Park, I. C.; Park, S.; Ryu, G.] Univ Seoul, Seoul, South Korea. [Cho, Y.; Choi, Y.; Choi, Y. K.; Goh, J.; Kim, M. S.; Lee, B.; Lee, J.; Lee, S.; Seo, H.; Yu, I.] Sungkyunkwan Univ, Suwon, South Korea. [Bilinskas, M. J.; Grigelionis, I.; Janulis, M.] Vilnius State Univ, Vilnius, Lithuania. [Castilla-Valdez, H.; De La Cruz-Burelo, E.; Heredia-de La Cruz, I.; Lopez-Fernandez, R.; Magana Villalba, R.; Martinez-Ortega, J.; Sanchez-Hernandez, A.; Villasenor-Cendejas, L. M.] IPN, Ctr Invest & Estudios Avanzados, Mexico City 07738, DF, Mexico. [Carrillo Moreno, S.; Vazquez Valencia, F.] Univ Iberoamer, Mexico City, DF, Mexico. [Salazar Ibarguen, H. A.] Benemerita Univ Autonoma Puebla, Puebla, Mexico. [Casimiro Linares, E.; Morelos Pineda, A.; Reyes-Santos, M. A.] Univ Autonoma San Luis Potosi, San Luis Potosi, Mexico. [Krofcheck, D.] Univ Auckland, Auckland 1, New Zealand. [Bell, A. J.; Butler, P. H.; Doesburg, R.; Reucroft, S.; Silverwood, H.] Univ Canterbury, Christchurch 1, New Zealand. [Ahmad, M.; Asghar, M. I.; Hoorani, H. R.; Khalid, S.; Khan, W. A.; Khurshid, T.; Qazi, S.; Shah, M. A.; Shoaib, M.] Quaid I Azam Univ, Natl Ctr Phys, Islamabad, Pakistan. [Brona, G.; Cwiok, M.; Dominik, W.; Doroba, K.; Kalinowski, A.; Konecki, M.; Krolikowski, J.] Univ Warsaw, Inst Expt Phys, Fac Phys, Warsaw, Poland. [Bluj, M.; Bialkowska, H.; Boimska, B.; Frueboes, T.; Gokieli, R.; Gorski, M.; Kazana, M.; Nawrocki, K.; Romanowska-Rybinska, K.; Szleper, M.; Wrochna, G.; Zalewski, P.] Soltan Inst Nucl Studies, PL-00681 Warsaw, Poland. [Almeida, N.; Bargassa, P.; David, A.; Faccioli, P.; Ferreira Parracho, P. G.; Gallinaro, M.; Musella, P.; Nayak, A.; Pela, J.; Ribeiro, P. Q.; Seixas, J.; Varela, J.; Vischia, P.] Lab Instrumentacao & Fis Expt Particulas, Lisbon, Portugal. [Afanasiev, S.; Belotelov, I.; Bunin, P.; Golutvin, I.; Gorbunov, I.; Karjavin, V.; Konoplyanikov, V.; Kozlov, G.; Lanev, A.; Moisenz, P.; Palichik, V.; Perelygin, V.; Savina, M.; Shmatov, S.; Smirnov, V.; Volodko, A.; Zarubin, A.] Joint Inst Nucl Res, Dubna, Russia. [Evstyukhin, S.; Golovtsov, V.; Ivanov, Y.; Kim, V.; Levchenko, P.; Murzin, V.; Oreshkin, V.; Smirnov, I.; Sulimov, V.; Uvarov, L.; Vavilov, S.; Vorobyev, A.; Vorobyev, An.] Petersburg Nucl Phys Inst, St Petersburg, Russia. [Andreev, Yu.; Dermenev, A.; Gninenko, S.; Golubev, N.; Kirsanov, M.; Krasnikov, N.; Matveev, V.; Pashenkov, A.; Toropin, A.; Troitsky, S.] Russian Acad Sci, Inst Nucl Res, Moscow, Russia. [Epshteyn, V.; Erofeeva, M.; Gavrilov, V.; Kossov, M.; Krokhotin, A.; Lychkovskaya, N.; Popov, V.; Safronov, G.; Semenov, S.; Stolin, V.; Vlasov, E.; Zhokin, A.; Starodumov, A.; Nikitenko, A.] Inst Theoret & Expt Phys, Moscow 117259, Russia. [Zhukov, V.; Belyaev, A.; Boos, E.; Dubinin, M.; Dudko, L.; Ershov, A.; Gribushin, A.; Kodolova, O.; Lokhtin, I.; Markina, A.; Obraztsov, S.; Perfilov, M.; Petrushanko, S.; Sarycheva, L.; Savrin, V.; Snigirev, A.] Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Moscow, Russia. [Andreev, V.; Azarkin, M.; Dremin, I.; Kirakosyan, M.; Leonidov, A.; Mesyats, G.; Rusakov, S. V.; Vinogradov, A.] PN Lebedev Phys Inst, Moscow 117924, Russia. [Azhgirey, I.; Bayshev, I.; Bitioukov, S.; Grishin, V.; Kachanov, V.; Konstantinov, D.; Korablev, A.; Krychkine, V.; Petrov, V.; Ryutin, R.; Sobol, A.; Tourtchanovitch, L.; Troshin, S.; Tyurin, N.; Uzunian, A.; Volkov, A.] State Res Ctr Russian Federat, Inst High Energy Phys, Protvino, Russia. [Adzic, P.; Djordjevic, M.; Ekmedzic, M.; Krpic, D.; Milosevic, J.; Milenovic, P.] Univ Belgrade, Fac Phys, Belgrade 11001, Serbia. [Adzic, P.; Djordjevic, M.; Ekmedzic, M.; Krpic, D.; Milosevic, J.; Milenovic, P.] Vinca Inst Nucl Sci, Belgrade, Serbia. [Aguilar-Benitez, M.; Alcaraz Maestre, J.; Arce, P.; Battilana, C.; Calvo, E.; Cerrada, M.; Chamizo Llatas, M.; Colino, N.; De La Cruz, B.; Delgado Peris, A.; Diez Pardos, C.; Dominguez Vazquez, D.; Fernandez Bedoya, C.; Fernandez Ramos, J. P.; Ferrando, A.; Flix, J.; Fouz, M. C.; Garcia-Abia, P.; Gonzalez Lopez, O.; Goy Lopez, S.; Hernandez, J. M.; Josa, M. I.; Merino, G.; Puerta Pelayo, J.; Redondo, I.; Romero, L.; Santaolalla, J.; Soares, M. S.; Willmott, C.] Ctr Invest Energet Medioambientales & Tecnol CIEM, Madrid, Spain. [Albajar, C.; Codispoti, G.; de Troconiz, J. F.] Univ Autonoma Madrid, Madrid, Spain. [Cuevas, J.; Fernandez Menendez, J.; Folgueras, S.; Gonzalez Caballero, I.; Lloret Iglesias, L.; Vizan Garcia, J. M.] Univ Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain. [Brochero Cifuentes, J. A.; Cabrillo, I. J.; Calderon, A.; Chuang, S. H.; Duarte Campderros, J.; Felcini, M.; Fernandez, M.; Gomez, G.; Gonzalez Sanchez, J.; Jorda, C.; Lobelle Pardo, P.; Lopez Virto, A.; Marco, J.; Marco, R.; Martinez Rivero, C.; Matorras, F.; Munoz Sanchez, F. J.; Piedra Gomez, J.; Rodrigo, T.; Rodriguez-Marrero, A. Y.; Ruiz-Jimeno, A.; Scodellaro, L.; Sobron Sanudo, M.; Vila, I.; Vilar Cortabitarte, R.] CSIC Univ Cantabria, Inst Fis Cantabria IFCA, Santander, Spain. [Hammer, J.; Genchev, V.; Iaydjiev, P.; Puljak, I.; Chierici, R.; Jung, H.; Guthoff, M.; Foudas, C.; Hajdu, C.; Sikler, F.; Sharma, A.; Mohanty, A. K.; De Filippis, N.; Fasanella, D.; Tropiano, A.; Benaglia, A.; Gennai, S.; Massironi, A.; Montoya, C. A. Carrillo; Iorio, A. O. M.; Bacchetta, N.; Nespolo, M.; Tosi, M.; Lucaroni, A.; Taroni, S.; Tonelli, G.; Venturi, A.; Del Re, D.; Grassi, M.; Mariotti, C.; Montanino, D.; Pela, J.; Kossov, M.; Grishin, V.; Abbaneo, D.; Auffray, E.; Auzinger, G.; Baillon, P.; Ball, A. H.; Barney, D.; Bernet, C.; Bialas, W.; Bianchi, G.; Bloch, P.; Bocci, A.; Breuker, H.; Bunkowski, K.; Camporesi, T.; Cerminara, G.; Christiansen, T.; Perez, J. A. Coarasa; Cure, B.; D'Enterria, D.; De Roeck, A.; Di Guida, S.; Dobson, M.; Dupont-Sagorin, N.; Elliott-Peisert, A.; Frisch, B.; Funk, W.; Gaddi, A.; Georgiou, G.; Gerwig, H.; Giffels, M.; Gigi, D.; Gill, K.; Giordano, D.; Giunta, M.; Glege, F.; Garrido, R. Gomez-Reino; Govoni, P.; Gowdy, S.; Guida, R.; Guiducci, L.; Hansen, M.; Harris, P.; Hartl, C.; Harvey, J.; Hegner, B.; Hinzmann, A.; Hoffmann, H. F.; Innocente, V.; Janot, P.; Kaadze, K.; Karavakis, E.; Kousouris, K.; Lecoq, P.; Lenzi, P.; Lourenco, C.; Maeki, T.; Malberti, M.; Malgeri, L.; Mannelli, M.; Masetti, L.; Mavromanolakis, G.; Meijers, F.; Mersi, S.; Meschi, E.; Moser, R.; Mozer, M. U.; Mulders, M.; Nesvold, E.; Nguyen, M.; Orimoto, T.; Orsini, L.; Cortezon, E. Palencia; Perez, E.; Petrilli, A.; Pfeiffer, A.; Pierini, M.; Pimiae, M.; Piparo, D.; Polese, G.; Quertenmont, L.; Racz, A.; Reece, W.; Antunes, J. Rodrigues; Rolandi, G.; Rommerskirchen, T.; Rovelli, C.; Rovere, M.; Sakulin, H.; Santanastasio, F.; Schaefer, C.; Schwick, C.; Segoni, I.; Siegrist, P.; Silva, P.; Simon, M.; Sphicas, P.; Spiga, D.; Spiropulu, M.; Stoye, M.; Tsirou, A.; Veres, G. I.; Vichoudis, P.; Woehri, H. K.; Worm, S. D.; Zeuner, W. 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[Aguilo, E.; Amsler, C.; Chiochia, V.; De Visscher, S.; Favaro, C.; Rikova, M. Ivova; Mejias, B. Millan; Otiougova, P.; Robmann, P.; Snoek, H.; Verzetti, M.] Univ Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland. [Chang, Y. H.; Chen, K. H.; Kuo, C. M.; Li, S. W.; Lin, W.; Liu, Z. K.; Lu, Y. J.; Mekterovic, D.; Volpe, R.; Yu, S. S.] Natl Cent Univ, Chungli, Taiwan. [Chang, S.; Bartalini, P.; Chang, P.; Chang, Y. W.; Chao, Y.; Chen, K. F.; Dietz, C.; Grundler, U.; Hou, W. -S.; Hsiung, Y.; Kao, K. Y.; Lei, Y. J.; Lu, R. -S.; Majumder, D.; Petrakou, E.; Shi, X.; Shiu, J. G.; Tzeng, Y. M.; Wan, X.; Wang, M.] Natl Taiwan Univ, Taipei 10764, Taiwan. [Adiguzel, A.; Bakirci, M. N.; Cerci, S.; Dozen, C.; Dumanoglu, I.; Eskut, E.; Girgis, S.; Gokbulut, G.; Hos, I.; Kangal, E. E.; Karapinar, G.; Topaksu, A. Kayis; Onengut, G.; Ozdemir, K.; Ozturk, S.; Polatoz, A.; Sogut, K.; Cerci, D. Sunar; Tali, B.; Topakli, H.; Uzun, D.; Vergili, L. N.; Vergili, M.] Cukurova Univ, Adana, Turkey. [Akin, I. V.; Aliev, T.; Bilin, B.; Bilmis, S.; Deniz, M.; Gamsizkan, H.; Guler, A. M.; Ocalan, K.; Ozpineci, A.; Serin, M.; Sever, R.; Surat, U. E.; Yalvac, M.; Yildirim, E.; Zeyrek, M.] Middle E Tech Univ, Dept Phys, TR-06531 Ankara, Turkey. [Deliomeroglu, M.; Gulmez, E.; Isildak, B.; Kaya, M.; Kaya, O.; Ozkorucuklu, S.; Sonmez, N.] Bogazici Univ, Istanbul, Turkey. [Levchuk, L.] Kharkov Phys & Technol Inst, Natl Sci Ctr, UA-310108 Kharkov, Ukraine. [Bostock, F.; Brooke, J. J.; Clement, E.; Cussans, D.; Flacher, H.; Frazier, R.; Goldstein, J.; Grimes, M.; Heath, G. P.; Heath, H. F.; Kreczko, L.; Metson, S.; Newbold, D. M.; Nirunpong, K.; Poll, A.; Senkin, S.; Smith, V. J.; Williams, T.] Univ Bristol, Bristol, Avon, England. [Worm, S. D.; Newbold, D. M.; Basso, L.; Bell, K. W.; Belyaev, A.; Brew, C.; Brown, R. M.; Cockerill, D. J. A.; Coughlan, J. A.; Harder, K.; Harper, S.; Jackson, J.; Kennedy, B. W.; Olaiya, E.; Petyt, D.; Radburn-Smith, B. C.; Shepherd-Themistocleous, C. H.; Tomalin, I. R.; Womersley, W. J.] Rutherford Appleton Lab, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. [Bainbridge, R.; Ball, G.; Beuselinck, R.; Buchmuller, O.; Colling, D.; Cripps, N.; Cutajar, M.; Dauncey, P.; Davies, G.; Della Negra, M.; Ferguson, W.; Fulcher, J.; Futyan, D.; Gilbert, A.; Bryer, A. Guneratne; Hall, G.; Hatherell, Z.; Hays, J.; Iles, G.; Jarvis, M.; Karapostoli, G.; Lyons, L.; Magnan, A. -M.; Marrouche, J.; Mathias, B.; Nandi, R.; Nash, J.; Nikitenko, A.; Papageorgiou, A.; Pesaresi, M.; Petridis, K.; Pioppi, M.; Raymond, D. M.; Rogerson, S.; Rompotis, N.; Rose, A.; Ryan, M. J.; Seez, C.; Sharp, P.; Sparrow, A.; Tapper, A.; Tourneur, S.; Acosta, M. Vazquez; Virdee, T.; Wakefield, S.; Wardle, N.; Wardrope, D.; Whyntie, T.] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, London, England. [Barrett, M.; Chadwick, M.; Cole, J. E.; Hobson, P. R.; Khan, A.; Kyberd, P.; Leslie, D.; Martin, W.; Reid, I. D.; Symonds, P.; Teodorescu, L.; Turner, M.] Brunel Univ, Uxbridge UB8 3PH, Middx, England. [Hatakeyama, K.; Liu, H.; Scarborough, T.] Baylor Univ, Waco, TX 76798 USA. [Henderson, C.] Univ Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL USA. [Avetisyan, A.; Bose, T.; Jarrin, E. Carrera; Fantasia, C.; Heister, A.; St John, J.; Lawson, P.; Lazic, D.; Rohlf, J.; Sperka, D.; Sulak, L.] Boston Univ, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Bhattacharya, S.; Cutts, D.; Ferapontov, A.; Heintz, U.; Jabeen, S.; Kukartsev, G.; Landsberg, G.; Luk, M.; Narain, M.; Nguyen, D.; Segala, M.; Sinthuprasith, T.; Speer, T.; Tsang, K. V.] Brown Univ, Providence, RI 02912 USA. [Breedon, R.; Breto, G.; Sanchez, M. Calderon De La Barca; Caulfield, M.; Chauhan, S.; Chertok, M.; Conway, J.; Conway, R.; Cox, P. T.; Dolen, J.; Erbacher, R.; Gardner, M.; Houtz, R.; Ko, W.; Kopecky, A.; Lander, R.; Mall, O.; Miceli, T.; Nelson, R.; Pellett, D.; Robles, J.; Rutherford, B.; Searle, M.; Smith, J.; Squires, M.; Tripathi, M.; Sierra, R. Vasquez] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Weber, M.; Andreev, V.; Felcini, M.; Arisaka, K.; Cline, D.; Cousins, R.; Duris, J.; Erhan, S.; Everaerts, P.; Farrell, C.; Hauser, J.; Ignatenko, M.; Jarvis, C.; Plager, C.; Rakness, G.; Schlein, P.; Tucker, J.; Valuev, V.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Liu, H.; Babb, J.; Clare, R.; Ellison, J.; Gary, J. W.; Giordano, F.; Hanson, G.; Jeng, G. Y.; Long, O. R.; Luthra, A.; Nguyen, H.; Paramesvaran, S.; Sturdy, J.; Sumowidagdo, S.; Wilken, R.; Wimpenny, S.] Univ Calif Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Sharma, V.; Andrews, W.; Branson, J. G.; Cerati, G. B.; Cittolin, S.; Evans, D.; Golf, F.; Holzner, A.; Kelley, R.; Lebourgeois, M.; Letts, J.; Macneill, I.; Mangano, B.; Padhi, S.; Palmer, C.; Petrucciani, G.; Pi, H.; Pieri, M.; Ranieri, R.; Sani, M.; Sfiligoi, I.; Simon, S.; Sudano, E.; Tadel, M.; Tu, Y.; Vartak, A.; Wasserbaech, S.; Wuerthwein, F.; Yagil, A.; Yoo, J.] Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Barge, D.; Bellan, R.; Campagnari, C.; D'Alfonso, M.; Danielson, T.; Flowers, K.; Geffert, P.; Incandela, J.; Justus, C.; Kalavase, P.; Koay, S. A.; Kovalskyi, D.; Krutelyov, V.; Lowette, S.; Mccoll, N.; Pavlunin, V.; Rebassoo, F.; Ribnik, J.; Richman, J.; Rossin, R.; Stuart, D.; To, W.; Vlimant, J. R.; West, C.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. [Dias, F. A.; Dubinin, M.; Spiropulu, M.; Apresyan, A.; Bornheim, A.; Bunn, J.; Chen, Y.; Di Marco, E.; Duarte, J.; Gataullin, M.; Ma, Y.; Mott, A.; Newman, H. B.; Rogan, C.; Timciuc, V.; Traczyk, P.; Veverka, J.; Wilkinson, R.; Yang, Y.; Zhu, R. Y.] CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Akgun, B.; Carroll, R.; Ferguson, T.; Iiyama, Y.; Jang, D. W.; Jun, S. Y.; Liu, Y. F.; Paulini, M.; Russ, J.; Vogel, H.; Vorobiev, I.] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. [Cumalat, J. P.; Dinardo, M. E.; Drell, B. R.; Edelmaier, C. J.; Ford, W. T.; Gaz, A.; Heyburn, B.; Lopez, E. Luiggi; Nauenberg, U.; Smith, J. G.; Stenson, K.; Ulmer, K. A.; Wagner, S. R.; Zang, S. L.] Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Agostino, L.; Alexander, J.; Chatterjee, A.; Eggert, N.; Gibbons, L. K.; Heltsley, B.; Hopkins, W.; Khukhunaishvili, A.; Kreis, B.; Mirman, N.; Kaufman, G. Nicolas; Patterson, J. R.; Puigh, D.; Ryd, A.; Salvati, E.; Sun, W.; Teo, W. D.; Thom, J.; Thompson, J.; Vaughan, J.; Weng, Y.; Winstrom, L.; Wittich, P.] Cornell Univ, Ithaca, NY USA. [Biselli, A.; Cirino, G.; Winn, D.] Fairfield Univ, Fairfield, CT 06430 USA. [Abdullin, S.; Albrow, M.; Anderson, J.; Apollinari, G.; Atac, M.; Bakken, J. A.; Bauerdick, L. A. T.; Beretvas, A.; Berryhill, J.; Bhat, P. C.; Bloch, I.; Burkett, K.; Butler, J. N.; Chetluru, V.; Cheung, H. W. K.; Chlebana, F.; Cihangir, S.; Cooper, W.; Eartly, D. P.; Elvira, V. D.; Esen, S.; Fisk, I.; Freeman, J.; Gao, Y.; Gottschalk, E.; Green, D.; Gutsche, O.; Hanlon, J.; Harris, R. M.; Hirschauer, J.; Hooberman, B.; Jensen, H.; Jindariani, S.; Johnson, M.; Joshi, U.; Klima, B.; Kunori, S.; Kwan, S.; Leonidopoulos, C.; Lincoln, D.; Lipton, R.; Lykken, J.; Maeshima, K.; Marraffino, J. M.; Maruyama, S.; Mason, D.; McBride, P.; Miao, T.; Mishra, K.; Mrenna, S.; Musienko, Y.; Newman-Holmes, C.; O'Dell, V.; Pivarski, J.; Pordes, R.; Prokofyev, O.; Schwarz, T.; Sexton-Kennedy, E.; Sharma, S.; Spalding, W. J.; Spiegel, L.; Tan, P.; Taylor, L.; Tkaczyk, S.; Uplegger, L.; Vaandering, E. W.; Vidal, R.; Whitmore, J.; Wu, W.; Yang, F.; Yumiceva, F.; Yun, J. C.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. [Piedra Gomez, J.; Acosta, D.; Avery, P.; Bourilkov, D.; Chen, M.; Das, S.; De Gruttola, M.; Di Giovanni, G. P.; Dobur, D.; Drozdetskiy, A.; Field, R. D.; Fisher, M.; Fu, Y.; Furic, I. K.; Gartner, J.; Goldberg, S.; Hugon, J.; Kim, B.; Konigsberg, J.; Korytov, A.; Kropivnitskaya, A.; Kypreos, T.; Low, J. F.; Matchev, K.; Milenovic, P.; Mitselmakher, G.; Muniz, L.; Remington, R.; Rinkevicius, A.; Schmitt, M.; Scurlock, B.; Sellers, P.; Skhirtladze, N.; Snowball, M.; Wang, D.; Yelton, J.; Zakaria, M.] Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL USA. [Gaultney, V.; Lebolo, L. M.; Linn, S.; Markowitz, P.; Martinez, G.; Rodriguez, J. L.] Florida Int Univ, Miami, FL 33199 USA. [Adams, T.; Askew, A.; Bochenek, J.; Chen, J.; Diamond, B.; Gleyzer, S. V.; Haas, J.; Hagopian, S.; Hagopian, V.; Jenkins, M.; Johnson, K. F.; Prosper, H.; Sekmen, S.; Veeraraghavan, V.; Weinberg, M.] Florida State Univ, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. [Baarmand, M. M.; Dorney, B.; Hohlmann, M.; Kalakhety, H.; Vodopiyanov, I.] Florida Inst Technol, Melbourne, FL 32901 USA. [Adams, M. R.; Anghel, I. M.; Apanasevich, L.; Bai, Y.; Bazterra, V. E.; Betts, R. R.; Callner, J.; Cavanaugh, R.; Dragoiu, C.; Gauthier, L.; Gerber, C. E.; Hofman, D. J.; Khalatyan, S.; Kunde, G. J.; Lacroix, F.; Malek, M.; O'Brien, C.; Silkworth, C.; Silvestre, C.; Strom, D.; Varelas, N.] Univ Illinois, Chicago, IL USA. [Ozturk, S.; Akgun, U.; Albayrak, E. A.; Bilki, B.; Clarida, W.; Duru, F.; Griffiths, S.; Lae, C. K.; McCliment, E.; Merlo, J. -P.; Mermerkaya, H.; Mestvirishvili, A.; Moeller, A.; Nachtman, J.; Newsom, C. R.; Norbeck, E.; Olson, J.; Onel, Y.; Ozok, F.; Sen, S.; Tiras, E.; Wetzel, J.; Yetkin, T.; Yi, K.] Univ Iowa, Iowa City, IA USA. [Barnett, B. A.; Blumenfeld, B.; Bolognesi, S.; Bonato, A.; Eskew, C.; Fehling, D.; Giurgiu, G.; Gritsan, A. V.; Guo, Z. J.; Hu, G.; Maksimovic, P.; Rappoccio, S.; Swartz, M.; Tran, N. V.; Whitbeck, A.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD USA. [Sibille, J.; Baringer, P.; Bean, A.; Benelli, G.; Grachov, O.; Iii, R. P. Kenny; Murray, M.; Noonan, D.; Sanders, S.; Stringer, R.; Tinti, G.; Wood, J. S.; Zhukova, V.] Univ Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. [Barfuss, A. F.; Bolton, T.; Chakaberia, I.; Ivanov, A.; Khalil, S.; Makouski, M.; Maravin, Y.; Shrestha, S.; Svintradze, I.] Kansas State Univ, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Gronberg, J.; Lange, D.; Wright, D.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. [Baden, A.; Boutemeur, M.; Calvert, B.; Eno, S. C.; Gomez, J. A.; Hadley, N. J.; Kellogg, R. G.; Kirn, M.; Kolberg, T.; Lu, Y.; Mignerey, A. C.; Peterman, A.; Rossato, K.; Rumerio, P.; Skuja, A.; Temple, J.; Tonjes, M. B.; Tonwar, S. C.; Twedt, E.] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Li, W.; Alver, B.; Bauer, G.; Bendavid, J.; Busza, W.; Butz, E.; Cali, I. A.; Chan, M.; Dutta, V.; Ceballos, G. Gomez; Goncharov, M.; Hahn, K. A.; Kim, Y.; Klute, M.; Lee, Y. -J.; Luckey, P. D.; Ma, T.; Nahn, S.; Paus, C.; Ralph, D.; Roland, C.; Roland, G.; Rudolph, M.; Stephans, G. S. F.; Stoeckli, F.; Sumorok, K.; Sung, K.; Velicanu, D.; Wenger, E. A.; Wolf, R.; Wyslouch, B.; Xie, S.; Yang, M.; Yilmaz, Y.; Yoon, A. S.; Zanetti, M.] MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Cooper, S. I.; Cushman, P.; Dahmes, B.; De Benedetti, A.; Franzoni, G.; Gude, A.; Haupt, J.; Kao, S. C.; Klapoetke, K.; Kubota, Y.; Mans, J.; Pastika, N.; Rekovic, V.; Rusack, R.; Sasseville, M.; Singovsky, A.; Tambe, N.; Turkewitz, J.] Univ Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN USA. [Cremaldi, L. M.; Godang, R.; Kroeger, R.; Perera, L.; Rahmat, R.; Sanders, D. A.; Summers, D.] Univ Mississippi, University, MS 38677 USA. [Avdeeva, E.; Bloom, K.; Bose, S.; Butt, J.; Claes, D. R.; Dominguez, A.; Eads, M.; Jindal, P.; Keller, J.; Kravchenko, I.; Lazo-Flores, J.; Malbouisson, H.; Malik, S.; Snow, G. R.] Univ Nebraska Lincoln, Lincoln, NE USA. [Baur, U.; Godshalk, A.; Iashvili, I.; Kharchilava, A.; Shipkowski, S. P.; Smith, K.; Wan, Z.] SUNY Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. [Alverson, G.; Barberis, E.; Baumgartel, D.; Chasco, M.; Trocino, D.; Wood, D.; Zhang, J.] Northeastern Univ, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Schmitt, M.; Anastassov, A.; Kubik, A.; Mucia, N.; Odell, N.; Ofierzynski, R. A.; Pollack, B.; Pozdnyakov, A.; Stoynev, S.; Velasco, M.; Won, S.] Northwestern Univ, Evanston, IL USA. [Antonelli, L.; Berry, D.; Brinkerhoff, A.; Hildreth, M.; Jessop, C.; Karmgard, D. J.; Kolb, J.; Lannon, K.; Luo, W.; Lynch, S.; Marinelli, N.; Morse, D. M.; Pearson, T.; Ruchti, R.; Slaunwhite, J.; Valls, N.; Wayne, M.; Wolf, M.; Ziegler, J.] Univ Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. [Bylsma, B.; Durkin, L. S.; Hill, C.; Killewald, P.; Kotov, K.; Ling, T. Y.; Rodenburg, M.; Vuosalo, C.; Williams, G.] Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Adam, N.; Berry, E.; Elmer, P.; Gerbaudo, D.; Halyo, V.; Hebda, P.; Hegeman, J.; Hunt, A.; Laird, E.; Pegna, D. Lopes; Lujan, P.; Marlow, D.; Medvedeva, T.; Mooney, M.; Olsen, J.; Piroue, P.; Quan, X.; Raval, A.; Saka, H.; Stickland, D.; Tully, C.; Werner, J. S.; Zuranski, A.] Princeton Univ, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Acosta, J. G.; Huang, X. T.; Lopez, A.; Mendez, H.; Oliveros, S.; Vargas, J. E. Ramirez; Zatserklyaniy, A.] Univ Puerto Rico, Mayaguez, PR USA. [Alagoz, E.; Barnes, V. E.; Benedetti, D.; Bolla, G.; Borrello, L.; Bortoletto, D.; De Mattia, M.; Everett, A.; Gutay, L.; Hu, Z.; Jones, M.; Koybasi, O.; Kress, M.; Laasanen, A. T.; Leonardo, N.; Maroussov, V.; Merkel, P.; Miller, D. H.; Neumeister, N.; Shipsey, I.; Silvers, D.; Svyatkovskiy, A.; Marono, M. Vidal; Yoo, H. D.; Zablocki, J.; Zheng, Y.] Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Guragain, S.; Parashar, N.] Purdue Univ Calumet, Hammond, LA USA. [Adair, A.; Boulahouache, C.; Cuplov, V.; Ecklund, K. M.; Geurts, F. J. M.; Padley, B. P.; Redjimi, R.; Roberts, J.; Zabel, J.] Rice Univ, Houston, TX USA. [Betchart, B.; Bodek, A.; Chung, Y. S.; Covarelli, R.; de Barbaro, P.; Demina, R.; Eshaq, Y.; Garcia-Bellido, A.; Goldenzweig, P.; Gotra, Y.; Han, J.; Harel, A.; Miner, D. C.; Petrillo, G.; Sakumoto, W.; Vishnevskiy, D.; Zielinski, M.] Univ Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. [Malik, S.; Bhatti, A.; Ciesielski, R.; Demortier, L.; Goulianos, K.; Lungu, G.; Mesropian, C.] Rockefeller Univ, New York, NY 10021 USA. [Arora, S.; Atramentov, O.; Barker, A.; Chou, J. P.; Contreras-Campana, C.; Contreras-Campana, E.; Duggan, D.; Ferencek, D.; Gershtein, Y.; Gray, R.; Halkiadakis, E.; Hidas, D.; Hits, D.; Lath, A.; Panwalkar, S.; Park, M.; Patel, R.; Richards, A.; Rose, K.; Salur, S.; Schnetzer, S.; Seitz, C.; Somalwar, S.; Stone, R.; Thomas, S.] Rutgers State Univ, Piscataway, NJ USA. [Cerizza, G.; Hollingsworth, M.; Spanier, S.; Yang, Z. C.; York, A.] Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN USA. [Eusebi, R.; Flanagan, W.; Gilmore, J.; Kamon, T.; Khotilovich, V.; Montalvo, R.; Osipenkov, I.; Pakhotin, Y.; Perloff, A.; Roe, J.; Safonov, A.; Sakuma, T.; Sengupta, S.; Suarez, I.; Tatarinov, A.; Toback, D.] Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX USA. [Akchurin, N.; Bardak, C.; Damgov, J.; Dudero, P. R.; Jeong, C.; Kovitanggoon, K.; Lee, S. W.; Libeiro, T.; Mane, P.; Roh, Y.; Sill, A.; Volobouev, I.; Wigmans, R.] Texas Tech Univ, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. [Appelt, E.; Brownson, E.; Engh, D.; Florez, C.; Gabella, W.; Gurrola, A.; Issah, M.; Johns, W.; Kurt, P.; Maguire, C.; Melo, A.; Sheldon, P.; Snook, B.; Tuo, S.; Velkovska, J.] Vanderbilt Univ, Nashville, TN USA. [Arenton, M. W.; Balazs, M.; Boutle, S.; Conetti, S.; Cox, B.; Francis, B.; Goadhouse, S.; Goodell, J.; Hirosky, R.; Ledovskoy, A.; Lin, C.; Neu, C.; Wood, J.; Yohay, R.] Univ Virginia, Charlottesville, VA USA. [Gollapinni, S.; Harr, R.; Karchin, P. E.; Don, C. Kottachchi Kankanamge; Lamichhane, P.; Mattson, M.; Milstene, C.; Sakharov, A.] Wayne State Univ, Detroit, MI USA. [Anderson, M.; Bachtis, M.; Belknap, D.; Bellinger, J. N.; Bernardini, J.; Carlsmith, D.; Cepeda, M.; Dasu, S.; Efron, J.; Friis, E.; Gray, L.; Grogg, K. S.; Grothe, M.; Hall-Wilton, R.; Herndon, M.; Herve, A.; Klabbers, P.; Klukas, J.; Lanaro, A.; Lazaridis, C.; Leonard, J.; Loveless, R.; Mohapatra, A.; Ojalvo, I.; Pierro, G. A.; Ross, I.; Savin, A.; Smith, W. H.; Swanson, J.] Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Anjos, T. S.; Bernardes, C. A.; Gregores, E. M.; Mercadante, P. G.] Univ Fed ABC, Santo Andre, Brazil. [Assran, Y.] Suez Canal Univ, Suez, Egypt. [Kamel, A. Ellithi] Cairo Univ, Cairo, Egypt. [Khalil, S.; Radi, A.] British Univ, Cairo, Egypt. [Mahmoud, M. A.] Fayoum Univ, Al Fayyum, Egypt. [Agram, J. -L.; Conte, E.; Drouhin, F.] Univ Haute Alsace, Mulhouse, France. [Bergholz, M.; Lohmann, W.; Schmidt, R.] Brandenburg Tech Univ Cottbus, Cottbus, Germany. [Krajczar, K.; Vesztergombi, G.; Veres, G. I.] Eotvos Lorand Univ, Budapest, Hungary. [Maity, M.] Visva Bharati Univ, Santini Ketan, W Bengal, India. [Bakhshiansohi, H.; Fahim, A.; Jafari, A.] Sharif Univ Technol, Tehran, Iran. [Etesami, S. M.; Zeinali, M.] Isfahan Univ Technol, Esfahan, Iran. [Mohammadi, A.] Shiraz Univ, Shiraz, Iran. [Safarzadeh, B.] Islamic Azad Univ, Sci & Res Branch, Plasma Phys Res Ctr, Tehran, Iran. [Colafranceschi, S.] Univ Rome, Fac Ingn, Rome, Italy. [Cavallo, N.; Fabozzi, F.] Univ Basilicata, I-85100 Potenza, Italy. [Lacaprara, S.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Legnaro, I-35020 Legnaro, Italy. [Martini, L.] Univ Siena, I-53100 Siena, Italy. [Bakirci, M. N.; Topakli, H.] Gaziosmanpasa Univ, Tokat, Turkey. [Cerci, S.; Cerci, D. Sunar; Tali, B.] Adiyaman Univ, Adiyaman, Turkey. [Sogut, K.] Mersin Univ, Mersin, Turkey. [Kaya, M.; Kaya, O.] Kafkas Univ, Kars, Turkey. [Ozkorucuklu, S.] Suleyman Demirel Univ, TR-32200 Isparta, Turkey. [Sonmez, N.] Ege Univ, Izmir, Turkey. [Basso, L.; Belyaev, A.] Univ Southampton, Sch Phys & Astron, Southampton, Hants, England. [Wasserbaech, S.] Utah Valley Univ, Orem, UT USA. [Kunde, G. J.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA. [Bilki, B.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Mermerkaya, H.] Erzincan Univ, Erzincan, Turkey. [Rolandi, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Scuola Normale, Pisa, Italy. RP Chatrchyan, S (reprint author), Yerevan Phys Inst, Yerevan 375036, Armenia. RI Arce, Pedro/L-1268-2014; Flix, Josep/G-5414-2012; Azarkin, Maxim/N-2578-2015; Paganoni, Marco/A-4235-2016; Kirakosyan, Martin/N-2701-2015; Gulmez, Erhan/P-9518-2015; Seixas, Joao/F-5441-2013; Vilela Pereira, Antonio/L-4142-2016; Sznajder, Andre/L-1621-2016; Haj Ahmad, Wael/E-6738-2016; Xie, Si/O-6830-2016; Leonardo, Nuno/M-6940-2016; Goh, Junghwan/Q-3720-2016; Trocsanyi, Zoltan/A-5598-2009; Konecki, Marcin/G-4164-2015; Bedoya, Cristina/K-8066-2014; My, Salvatore/I-5160-2015; Matorras, Francisco/I-4983-2015; Ragazzi, Stefano/D-2463-2009; Dremin, Igor/K-8053-2015; Hoorani, Hafeez/D-1791-2013; Leonidov, Andrey/M-4440-2013; Andreev, Vladimir/M-8665-2015; TUVE', Cristina/P-3933-2015; KIM, Tae Jeong/P-7848-2015; Vogel, Helmut/N-8882-2014; Marinho, Franciole/N-8101-2014; Ferguson, Thomas/O-3444-2014; Benussi, Luigi/O-9684-2014; Leonidov, Andrey/P-3197-2014; Russ, James/P-3092-2014; Hektor, Andi/G-1804-2011; Grandi, Claudio/B-5654-2015; Lazzizzera, Ignazio/E-9678-2015; Sen, Sercan/C-6473-2014; D'Alessandro, Raffaello/F-5897-2015; Belyaev, Alexander/F-6637-2015; Stahl, Achim/E-8846-2011; Oguri, Vitor/B-5403-2013; Janssen, Xavier/E-1915-2013; Bartalini, Paolo/E-2512-2014; Codispoti, Giuseppe/F-6574-2014; Gribushin, Andrei/J-4225-2012; Cerrada, Marcos/J-6934-2014; Calderon, Alicia/K-3658-2014; de la Cruz, Begona/K-7552-2014; Scodellaro, Luca/K-9091-2014; Josa, Isabel/K-5184-2014; Calvo Alamillo, Enrique/L-1203-2014; Paulini, Manfred/N-7794-2014; Rolandi, Luigi (Gigi)/E-8563-2013; Wulz, Claudia-Elisabeth/H-5657-2011; Chen, Jie/H-6210-2011; Kadastik, Mario/B-7559-2008; Giacomelli, Paolo/B-8076-2009; Hill, Christopher/B-5371-2012; Liu, Sheng/K-2815-2013; Wimpenny, Stephen/K-8848-2013; Markina, Anastasia/E-3390-2012; Dogangun, Oktay/L-9252-2013; Troitsky, Sergey/C-1377-2014; Marlow, Daniel/C-9132-2014; Tinoco Mendes, Andre David/D-4314-2011; Padula, Sandra /G-3560-2012; Jeitler, Manfred/H-3106-2012; Azzi, Patrizia/H-5404-2012; tosi, mia/J-5777-2012; Montanari, Alessandro/J-2420-2012; Venturi, Andrea/J-1877-2012; Amapane, Nicola/J-3683-2012; de Jesus Damiao, Dilson/G-6218-2012; Lujan Center, LANL/G-4896-2012; Mercadante, Pedro/K-1918-2012; Santaolalla, Javier/C-3094-2013; Alves, Gilvan/C-4007-2013; Petrushanko, Sergey/D-6880-2012; Snigirev, Alexander/D-8912-2012; Dudko, Lev/D-7127-2012; Ivanov, Andrew/A-7982-2013; Raidal, Martti/F-4436-2012; Fruhwirth, Rudolf/H-2529-2012; Torassa, Ezio/I-1788-2012; Lokhtin, Igor/D-7004-2012; Della Ricca, Giuseppe/B-6826-2013; Zalewski, Piotr/H-7335-2013; Mundim, Luiz/A-1291-2012; Tinti, Gemma/I-5886-2013; Novaes, Sergio/D-3532-2012; Govoni, Pietro/K-9619-2016; Tuominen, Eija/A-5288-2017; Yazgan, Efe/C-4521-2014; Gerbaudo, Davide/J-4536-2012; OI Arce, Pedro/0000-0003-3009-0484; Flix, Josep/0000-0003-2688-8047; Paganoni, Marco/0000-0003-2461-275X; Gulmez, Erhan/0000-0002-6353-518X; Seixas, Joao/0000-0002-7531-0842; Vilela Pereira, Antonio/0000-0003-3177-4626; Sznajder, Andre/0000-0001-6998-1108; Haj Ahmad, Wael/0000-0003-1491-0446; Xie, Si/0000-0003-2509-5731; Leonardo, Nuno/0000-0002-9746-4594; Goh, Junghwan/0000-0002-1129-2083; Trocsanyi, Zoltan/0000-0002-2129-1279; Konecki, Marcin/0000-0001-9482-4841; Bedoya, Cristina/0000-0001-8057-9152; My, Salvatore/0000-0002-9938-2680; Matorras, Francisco/0000-0003-4295-5668; Ragazzi, Stefano/0000-0001-8219-2074; TUVE', Cristina/0000-0003-0739-3153; KIM, Tae Jeong/0000-0001-8336-2434; Vogel, Helmut/0000-0002-6109-3023; Marinho, Franciole/0000-0002-7327-0349; Ferguson, Thomas/0000-0001-5822-3731; Benussi, Luigi/0000-0002-2363-8889; Russ, James/0000-0001-9856-9155; Hektor, Andi/0000-0001-7873-8118; Grandi, Claudio/0000-0001-5998-3070; Lazzizzera, Ignazio/0000-0001-5092-7531; Sen, Sercan/0000-0001-7325-1087; D'Alessandro, Raffaello/0000-0001-7997-0306; Belyaev, Alexander/0000-0002-1733-4408; Stahl, Achim/0000-0002-8369-7506; Codispoti, Giuseppe/0000-0003-0217-7021; Cerrada, Marcos/0000-0003-0112-1691; Scodellaro, Luca/0000-0002-4974-8330; Calvo Alamillo, Enrique/0000-0002-1100-2963; Paulini, Manfred/0000-0002-6714-5787; Rolandi, Luigi (Gigi)/0000-0002-0635-274X; Wulz, Claudia-Elisabeth/0000-0001-9226-5812; Hill, Christopher/0000-0003-0059-0779; Wimpenny, Stephen/0000-0003-0505-4908; Dogangun, Oktay/0000-0002-1255-2211; Troitsky, Sergey/0000-0001-6917-6600; Tinoco Mendes, Andre David/0000-0001-5854-7699; Azzi, Patrizia/0000-0002-3129-828X; Montanari, Alessandro/0000-0003-2748-6373; Amapane, Nicola/0000-0001-9449-2509; de Jesus Damiao, Dilson/0000-0002-3769-1680; Dudko, Lev/0000-0002-4462-3192; Ivanov, Andrew/0000-0002-9270-5643; Della Ricca, Giuseppe/0000-0003-2831-6982; Mundim, Luiz/0000-0001-9964-7805; Novaes, Sergio/0000-0003-0471-8549; Govoni, Pietro/0000-0002-0227-1301; Tuominen, Eija/0000-0002-7073-7767; Yazgan, Efe/0000-0001-5732-7950; Gerbaudo, Davide/0000-0002-4463-0878; Heath, Helen/0000-0001-6576-9740 FU FMSR (Austria); FNRS (Belgium); FWO (Belgium); CNPq (Brazil); CAPES (Brazil); FAPERJ (Brazil); FAPESP (Brazil); MES (Bulgaria); CERN; CAS (China); MoST (China); NSFC (China); COLCIEN-CIAS (Colombia); MSES (Croatia); RPF (Cyprus); MoER (Estonia) [SF0690030s09]; ERDF (Estonia); Academy of Finland (Finland); MEC (Finland); HIP (Finland); CEA (France); CNRS/IN2P3 (France); BMBF (Germany); DFG (Germany); HGF (Germany); GSRT (Greece); OTKA (Hungary); NKTH (Hungary); DAE (India); DST (India); IPM (Iran); SFI (Ireland); INFN (Italy); NRF (Korea); WCU (Korea); LAS (Lithuania); CINVESTAV (Mexico); CONACYT (Mexico); SEP (Mexico); UASLP-FAI (Mexico); MSI (New Zealand); PAEC (Pakistan); MSHE (Poland); NSC (Poland); FCT (Portugal); JINR (Armenia); JINR (Belarus); JINR (Georgia); JINR (Ukraine); JINR (Uzbekistan); MON (Russia); RosAtom (Russia); RAS (Russia); RFBR (Russia); MSTD (Serbia); MICINN (Spain); CPAN (Spain); Swiss Funding Agencies (Switzerland); NSC (Taipei); TUBITAK (Turkey); TAEK (Turkey); STFC (United Kingdom); DOE (USA); NSF (USA) FX We would like to thank J. Gao, C.-S. Li, J. Wang, C.-P. Yuan, and H.-X. Zhu for useful discussions and for providing the program to calculate the contact interaction predictions with NLO QCD corrections. We congratulate our colleagues in the CERN accelerator departments for the excellent performance of the LHC machine. We thank the technical and administrative staff at CERN and other CMS institutes, and acknowledge support from: FMSR (Austria); FNRS and FWO (Belgium); CNPq, CAPES, FAPERJ, and FAPESP (Brazil); MES (Bulgaria); CERN; CAS, MoST, and NSFC (China); COLCIEN-CIAS (Colombia); MSES (Croatia); RPF (Cyprus); MoER, SF0690030s09 and ERDF (Estonia); Academy of Finland, MEC, and HIP (Finland); CEA and CNRS/IN2P3 (France); BMBF, DFG, and HGF (Germany); GSRT (Greece); OTKA and NKTH (Hungary); DAE and DST (India); IPM (Iran); SFI (Ireland); INFN (Italy); NRF and WCU (Korea); LAS (Lithuania); CINVESTAV, CONACYT, SEP, and UASLP-FAI (Mexico); MSI (New Zealand); PAEC (Pakistan); MSHE and NSC (Poland); FCT (Portugal); JINR (Armenia, Belarus, Georgia, Ukraine, Uzbekistan); MON, RosAtom, RAS and RFBR (Russia); MSTD (Serbia); MICINN and CPAN (Spain); Swiss Funding Agencies (Switzerland); NSC (Taipei); TUBITAK and TAEK (Turkey); STFC (United Kingdom); DOE and NSF (USA). NR 36 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 38 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1029-8479 J9 J HIGH ENERGY PHYS JI J. High Energy Phys. PD MAY PY 2012 IS 5 AR 055 DI 10.1007/JHEP05(2012)055 PG 29 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 958KS UT WOS:000305236000055 ER PT J AU Liang, C Read, HW Balser, TC AF Liang, Chao Read, Harry W. Balser, Teri C. TI GC-based Detection of Aldononitrile Acetate Derivatized Glucosamine and Muramic Acid for Microbial Residue Determination in Soil SO JOVE-JOURNAL OF VISUALIZED EXPERIMENTS LA English DT Article DE Molecular Biology; Issue 63; Glucosamine; muramic acid; microbial residue; aldononitrile acetate derivatization; isotope incorporation; ion structure; electron ionization; GC; MS AB Quantitative approaches to characterizing microorganisms are crucial for a broader understanding of the microbial status and function within ecosystems. Current strategies for microbial analysis include both traditional laboratory culture-dependent techniques and those based on direct extraction and determination of certain biomarkers(1,2). Few among the diversity of microbial species inhabiting soil can be cultured, so culture-dependent methods introduce significant biases, a limitation absent in biomarker analysis. The glucosamine, mannosamine, galactosamine and muramic acid have been well served as measures of both the living and dead microbial mass, of these the glucosamine (most abundant) and muramic acid (uniquely from bacterial cell) are most important constituents in the soil systems(3,4). However, the lack of knowledge on the analysis restricts the wide popularization among scientific peers. Among all existing analytical methods, derivatization to aldononitrile acetates followed by GC-based analysis has emerged as a good option with respect to optimally balancing precision, sensitivity, simplicity, good chromatographic separation, and stability upon sample storage(5). Here, we present a detailed protocol for a reliable and relatively simple analysis of glucosamine and muramic acid from soil after their conversion to aldononitrile acetates. The protocol mainly comprises four steps: acid digestion, sample purification, derivatization and GC determination. The step-by-step procedure is modified according to former publications(6,7). In addition, we present a strategy to structurally validate the molecular ion of the derivative and its ion fragments formed upon electron ionization. We applied GC-EI-MS-SIM, LC-ESI-TOF-MS and isotopically labeled reagents to determine the molecular weight of aldononitrile acetate derivatized glucosamine and muramic acid; we used the mass shift of isotope-labeled derivatives in the ion spectrum to investigate ion fragments of each derivatives(8). In addition to the theoretical elucidation, the validation of molecular ion of the derivative and its ion fragments will be useful to researchers using delta C-13 or ion fragments of these biomarkers in biogeochemical studies(9,10). C1 [Liang, Chao] Univ Wisconsin, DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Liang, Chao; Read, Harry W.; Balser, Teri C.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Soil Sci, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Balser, Teri C.] Univ Florida, Dept Soil & Water Sci, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. RP Liang, C (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM chaoliang@wisc.edu FU DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center (DOE BER office of Science) [DE-FC02-07ER64494] FX This work was supported by grants from DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center (DOE BER office of Science DE-FC02-07ER64494). We are grateful to Dr. Xudong Zhang and his group members for helpful technical discussions and invaluable comments on finalizing the protocol. NR 12 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 14 PU JOURNAL OF VISUALIZED EXPERIMENTS PI CAMBRIDGE PA 1 ALEWIFE CENTER, STE 200, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02140 USA SN 1940-087X J9 JOVE-J VIS EXP JI J. Vis. Exp. PD MAY PY 2012 IS 63 AR UNSP e3767 DI 10.3791/3767 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA V36PH UT WOS:000209223000021 PM 22643738 ER PT J AU McDowell, MT Lee, SW Wang, CM Cui, Y AF McDowell, Matthew T. Lee, Seok Woo Wang, Chongmin Cui, Yi TI The effect of metallic coatings and crystallinity on the volume expansion of silicon during electrochemical lithiation/delithiation SO NANO ENERGY LA English DT Article DE Energy storage; Batteries; Silicon anode; Nanowire; In-situ transmission electron microscopy ID LITHIUM-ION BATTERIES; NANOWIRE ELECTRODE; STRUCTURAL-CHANGES; THIN-FILMS; ANODES; SI; LITHIATION; INSERTION; STRAIN; LI AB Applying surface coatings to alloying anodes for Li-ion batteries can improve rate capability and cycle life, but it is unclear how this second phase affects mechanical deformation during electrochemical reaction. Here, in-situ transmission electron microscopy is employed to investigate the electrochemical lithiation and delithiation of silicon nanowires (NWs) with copper coatings. When copper is coated on only one sidewall, the NW bilayer structure bends during delithiation due to length changes in the silicon. Tensile hoop stress causes conformal copper coatings to fracture during lithiation without undergoing bending deformation. In addition, in-situ and ex-situ observations indicate that a copper coating plays a role in suppressing volume expansion during lithiation. Finally, the deformation characteristics and dimensional changes of amorphous, polycrystalline, and single-crystalline silicon are compared and related to observed electrochemical behavior. This study reveals important aspects of the deformation process of silicon anodes, and the results suggest that metallic coatings can be used to improve rate behavior and to manage or direct volume expansion in optimized silicon anode frameworks. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [McDowell, Matthew T.; Lee, Seok Woo; Cui, Yi] Stanford Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Wang, Chongmin] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99354 USA. [Cui, Yi] Stanford Inst Mat & Energy Sci, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. RP Cui, Y (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. EM yicui@stanford.edu RI Cui, Yi/L-5804-2013; Lee, Seok Woo/B-9792-2015 OI Cui, Yi/0000-0002-6103-6352; Lee, Seok Woo/0000-0003-2459-7174 FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory LDRD [DE-AC02-76SF00515]; Office of Vehicle Technologies of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231, 6951379]; King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) [KUSH L1-001-12]; Chevron Stanford Graduate Fellowship; National Defense Science and Engineering Graduate Fellowship; National Science Foundation Graduate Fellowship; KAUST [KUK-F1-038-02]; Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) program of Pacific Northwest National Laboratory; DOE [DE-AC05-76RLO1830]; DOE's Office of Biological and Environmental Research FX Portions of this work are supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering under Contract no. DE-AC02-76SF00515 through the SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory LDRD project and the Assistant Secretary for Energy efficiency and Renewable Energy, Office of Vehicle Technologies of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract no. DE-AC02-05CH11231, Subcontract no. 6951379 under the Batteries for Advanced Transportation Technologies (BATT) Program. Y.C. acknowledges support from the King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Investigator Award (no. KUSH L1-001-12). M.T.M. acknowledges support from the Chevron Stanford Graduate Fellowship, the National Defense Science and Engineering Graduate Fellowship, and the National Science Foundation Graduate Fellowship. S.W.L. acknowledges support from KAUST (no. KUK-F1-038-02). C.M.W. acknowledges support from the Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) program of Pacific Northwest National Laboratory. The in-situ TEM work was conducted in the William R. Wiley Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory (EMSL), a national scientific user facility sponsored by DOE's Office of Biological and Environmental Research and located at PNNL. PNNL is operated by Battelle for the DOE under Contract DE-AC05-76RLO1830. NR 38 TC 71 Z9 71 U1 19 U2 149 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 2211-2855 J9 NANO ENERGY JI Nano Energy PD MAY PY 2012 VL 1 IS 3 BP 401 EP 410 DI 10.1016/j.nanoen.2012.03.004 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 132EH UT WOS:000318050200010 ER PT J AU Liu, MF Choi, YM Yang, L Blinn, K Qin, WT Liu, P Liu, ML AF Liu, Mingfei Choi, YongMan Yang, Lei Blinn, Kevin Qin, Wentao Liu, Ping Liu, Meilin TI Direct octane fuel cells: A promising power for transportation SO NANO ENERGY LA English DT Article DE Fuel cells for transportation; SOFC; Multi-functional anode; Coking tolerance; Electric vehicles; Reforming ID DIRECT ELECTROCHEMICAL OXIDATION; DRY METHANE FUEL; CARBON DEPOSITION; ANODE MATERIALS; HYDROCARBON FUELS; CERIA-ELECTROLYTE; NI-YSZ; OXIDE; SOFCS; OPERATION AB The demand for electric vehicles has inspired extensive efforts to develop solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) for transportation. However, the high cost of hydrogen fueled SOFC systems and the deactivation of Ni-YSZ anodes in hydrocarbon fuels hinder the progress of SOFCs' development and commercialization. Here, we report a unique multi-functional anode for SOFCs that allows direct utilization of transportation fuels (iso-octane) without co-feeding O-2 and CO2, demonstrating a peak power density of similar to 0.6 W/cm(2) at 750 degrees C. The multi-functional anode is derived from a conventional NiO-YSZ anode with BaCO3 modification in the anode support, creating a catalytically active conformal coating of BaZr1-xYxO3-delta (BZY) on YSZ and nano-islands of BaO on Ni surface, which greatly promote reforming of octane and oxidation of the reformed fuels. Further, the simple and cost-effective modification process can be readily adopted in the fabrication of the state-of-the-art NiO-YSZ supported cells. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Liu, Mingfei; Yang, Lei; Blinn, Kevin; Qin, Wentao; Liu, Meilin] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Ctr Innovat Fuel Cell & Battery Technol, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Choi, YongMan; Liu, Ping] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Liu, ML (reprint author), Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Ctr Innovat Fuel Cell & Battery Technol, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. EM mingfei.liu@mse.gatech.edu; meilin.liu@mse.gatech.edu RI Liu, Meilin/E-5782-2010; Choi, YongMan/N-3559-2014 OI Liu, Meilin/0000-0002-6188-2372; Choi, YongMan/0000-0003-4276-1599 FU Heterogeneous Functional Materials (HetroFoaM) Center, an Energy Frontier Research Center; U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-SC0001061]; Scientific User Facilities Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Office of Science, the U.S. Department of Energy; WCU program at UNIST, South Korea; U.S. DOE, BES [DE-AC02-98CH10886, DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX This material is based upon work supported as part of the Heterogeneous Functional Materials (HetroFoaM) Center, an Energy Frontier Research Center funded by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences under Award Number DE-SC0001061. The authors would like to acknowledge the use of Oak Ridge National Laboratory's SHaRE User Facility, which is sponsored by the Scientific User Facilities Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Office of Science, the U.S. Department of Energy. Partial support of the WCU program at UNIST, South Korea, is also acknowledged. We thank Dr. Karren More and Ms. Dorothy Coffey of SHaRE, ORNL for TEM instrumentation support and TEM sample preparation, respectively. DFT calculations were performed at Brookhaven National Laboratory, supported by the U.S. DOE, BES, under Contract no. DE-AC02-98CH10886, using the computational facilities at the National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center (Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231). NR 45 TC 54 Z9 54 U1 7 U2 67 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 2211-2855 EI 2211-3282 J9 NANO ENERGY JI Nano Energy PD MAY PY 2012 VL 1 IS 3 BP 448 EP 455 DI 10.1016/j.nanoen.2012.02.006 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 132EH UT WOS:000318050200016 ER PT J AU Huang, M Carmichael, GR Kulkarni, S Streets, DG Lu, ZF Zhang, Q Pierce, RB Kondo, Y Jimenez, JL Cubison, MJ Anderson, B Wisthaler, A AF Huang, Min Carmichael, Gregory R. Kulkarni, Sarika Streets, David G. Lu, Zifeng Zhang, Qiang Pierce, R. Bradley Kondo, Yutaka Jimenez, Jose L. Cubison, Michael J. Anderson, Bruce Wisthaler, Armin TI Sectoral and geographical contributions to summertime continental United States (CONUS) black carbon spatial distributions SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Black carbon; Sectoral and geographical contributions; Warming potential ID AIR-QUALITY; WESTERN US; EMISSIONS; AEROSOLS; PARTICLES; TRANSPORT; OZONE; MODEL; MASS AB The sectoral and regional contributions from northern hemisphere anthropogenic and biomass burning emission sectors to black carbon (BC) distributions over the continental United States (CONUS) in summer 2008 are studied using the Sulfur Transport and dEposition Model (STEM). North American (NA) emissions heavily (>70% of total emissions) affect the BC levels from the surface to similar to 5 km, while non-NA plumes compose more than half of the BC above similar to 5 km. Among all sectors, NA and non-NA biomass burning, NA transportation and non-NA residential emissions are the major contributors. The sectoral contributions vary among ten regions defined by the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA): NA anthropogenic emissions enhance northeastern US BC levels; biomass burning strongly impacts northern California and southeastern US; and the influence of extra-regional plumes is largest in the northwestern US but extends to eastern US. The mean contribution from non-NA sources to US surface BC is similar to 0.05 mu g m(-3), with a maximum value of similar to 0.11 mu g m(-3) in the northwestern US. The non-NA contributions to column BC are higher than to surface BC, ranging from 30% to 80%, depending on region. EPA region 8 is most sensitive to extra-regional BC, partially explaining the observed increasing BC trend there during the past decades associated with the increasing Asian BC emissions. Measurements from the June 24 DC-8 flight during the ARCTAS-CARB field campaign show that BC/(organic matter + nitrate + sulfate) mass ratios fairly well represent BC's warming potential over southern California, which can be approximated by BC/(organic matter + sulfate) and BC/sulfate for plumes affected and unaffected by fires, respectively. The responses of BC/(organic matter + sulfate) and BC/sulfate to removing each emission sector are further discussed, indicating that mitigating NA transportation emissions has the highest potential for regional air quality and climate co-benefits. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Huang, Min; Carmichael, Gregory R.; Kulkarni, Sarika] Univ Iowa, Ctr Global & Reg Environm Res, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. [Streets, David G.; Lu, Zifeng] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Zhang, Qiang] Tsinghua Univ, Ctr Earth Syst Sci, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. [Pierce, R. Bradley] NOAA, NESDIS, Madison, WI USA. [Kondo, Yutaka] Univ Tokyo, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Tokyo, Japan. [Jimenez, Jose L.; Cubison, Michael J.] Univ Colorado, CIRES, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Jimenez, Jose L.; Cubison, Michael J.] Univ Colorado, Dept Chem & Biochem, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Anderson, Bruce] NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA 23665 USA. [Wisthaler, Armin] Univ Innsbruck, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria. RP Huang, M (reprint author), Univ Iowa, Ctr Global & Reg Environm Res, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. EM mhuang1@engineering.uiowa.edu RI Jimenez, Jose/A-5294-2008; Pierce, Robert Bradley/F-5609-2010; Zhang, Qiang/D-9034-2012; Lu, Zifeng/F-3266-2012; Kondo, Yutaka/D-1459-2012; OI Jimenez, Jose/0000-0001-6203-1847; Pierce, Robert Bradley/0000-0002-2767-1643; Streets, David/0000-0002-0223-1350 FU NASA [NNX08AH56G, NNX11AI52G, NNX08AD39G]; EPA [RD-83503701-0]; Austrian Research Promotion Agency (FFG-ALR); Tiroler Zukunftstiftung FX We thank two anonymous reviewers for their constructive comments. We thank the ARCTAS science team. We thank CGRER members A. D'Allura, B. Adhikary and C. Wei who contributed to building the STEM forecast modeling system for ARCTAS. The Iowa group was supported by NASA awards (NNX08AH56G and NNX11AI52G) and an EPA award (RD-83503701-0). M. J. Cubison and J. L. Jimenez were supported by a NASA award (NNX08AD39G). Acetonitrile measurements were supported by the Austrian Research Promotion Agency (FFG-ALR) and the Tiroler Zukunftstiftung and were carried out with the help/support of T. Mikoviny, M. Graus, A. Hansel and T. D. Maerk. NR 39 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 25 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1352-2310 EI 1873-2844 J9 ATMOS ENVIRON JI Atmos. Environ. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 51 BP 165 EP 174 DI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2012.01.021 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 921WK UT WOS:000302508600019 ER PT J AU Frost, GJ Falke, SR Granier, C Keating, T Lamarque, JF Melamed, ML Middleton, P Petron, G Smith, SJ AF Frost, Gregory J. Falke, Stefan R. Granier, Claire Keating, Terry Lamarque, Jean-Francois Melamed, Megan L. Middleton, Paulette Petron, Gabrielle Smith, Steven J. TI New Directions: Toward a community emissions approach SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Editorial Material DE Emissions; Science-policy; Air quality; Climate; Community approach ID CLIMATE-CHANGE; ROAD C1 [Frost, Gregory J.; Granier, Claire; Petron, Gabrielle] NOAA, ESRL, Boulder, CO 80305 USA. [Frost, Gregory J.] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci CU CIRES, Boulder, CO 80305 USA. [Falke, Stefan R.] Northrop Grumman, Arlington, VA USA. [Granier, Claire] Univ Paris 06, CNRS INSU, LATMOS IPSL, Paris, France. [Keating, Terry] US EPA, Off Air & Radiat, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Lamarque, Jean-Francois] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. [Melamed, Megan L.] Univ Washington, IGAC Int Project Off, JISAO, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Middleton, Paulette] Panorama Pathways, Boulder, CO USA. [Granier, Claire; Petron, Gabrielle] CU CIRES, Boulder, CO USA. [Smith, Steven J.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Joint Global Change Res Inst, College Pk, MD USA. [Smith, Steven J.] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Frost, GJ (reprint author), NOAA, ESRL, Boulder, CO 80305 USA. EM gregory.j.frost@noaa.gov; stefan.falke@ngc.com; claire.granier@noaa.gov; keating.terry@epa.gov; lamar@ucar.edu; megan@igacproject.org; paulette@panoramapathways.net; gabrielle.petron@noaa.gov; ssmith@pnl.gov RI Pfister, Gabriele/A-9349-2008; Granier, Claire/D-5360-2013; Frost, Gregory/I-1958-2013; Lamarque, Jean-Francois/L-2313-2014; Manager, CSD Publications/B-2789-2015 OI Granier, Claire/0000-0001-7344-7995; Lamarque, Jean-Francois/0000-0002-4225-5074; NR 16 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 14 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1352-2310 J9 ATMOS ENVIRON JI Atmos. Environ. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 51 BP 333 EP 334 DI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2012.01.055 PG 2 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 921WK UT WOS:000302508600037 ER PT J AU Gladden, JM Eichorst, SA Hazen, TC Simmons, BA Singer, SW AF Gladden, John M. Eichorst, Stephanie A. Hazen, Terry C. Simmons, Blake A. Singer, Steven W. TI Substrate perturbation alters the glycoside hydrolase activities and community composition of switchgrass-adapted bacterial consortia SO BIOTECHNOLOGY AND BIOENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE cellulase; xylanase; SSU amplicon sequencing; compost; perturbation ID IONIC LIQUID PRETREATMENT; RHODOTHERMUS-MARINUS; CELLULASE; BIOMASS; DEGRADATION; HYDROLYSIS AB Bacteria modulate glycoside hydrolase expression in response to the changes in the composition of lignocellulosic biomass. The response of switchgrass-adapted thermophilic bacterial consortia to perturbation with a variety of biomass substrates was characterized to determine if bacterial consortia also responded to changes in biomass composition. Incubation of the switchgrass-adapted consortia with these alternative substrates produced shifts in glycoside hydrolase activities and bacterial community composition. Substantially increased endoglucanase activity was observed upon incubation with microcrystalline cellulose and trifluororacetic acid-pretreated switchgrass. In contrast, culturing the microbial consortia with ionic liquid-pretreated switchgrass increased xylanase activity dramatically. Microbial community analyses of these cultures indicated that the increased endoglucanase activity correlated with an increase in bacteria related to Rhodothermus marinus. Inclusion of simple organic substrates in the culture medium abrogated glycoside hydrolase activity and enriched for bacteria related to Thermus thermophilus. These results demonstrate that the composition of biomass substrates influences the glycoside hydrolase activities and community composition of biomass-deconstructing bacterial consortia. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2012; 109:11401145. (C) 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 [Gladden, John M.; Eichorst, Stephanie A.; Hazen, Terry C.; Simmons, Blake A.; Singer, Steven W.] Joint BioEnergy Inst, Emeryville, CA 94608 USA. [Gladden, John M.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Phys & Life Sci Directorate, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. [Gladden, John M.; Simmons, Blake A.] Sandia Natl Labs, Biomass Sci & Convers Technol Dept, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. [Eichorst, Stephanie A.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Hazen, Terry C.; Singer, Steven W.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Singer, SW (reprint author), Joint BioEnergy Inst, Emeryville, CA 94608 USA. EM swsinger@lbl.gov RI Eichorst, Stephanie A/A-1079-2017; Hazen, Terry/C-1076-2012; OI Eichorst, Stephanie A/0000-0002-9017-7461; Hazen, Terry/0000-0002-2536-9993; Simmons, Blake/0000-0002-1332-1810 FU U.S. Department of Energy; Office of Science; Office of Biological and Environmental Research [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX Contract grant sponsor: U.S. Department of Energy; Contract grant sponsor: Office of Science; Contract grant sponsor: Office of Biological and Environmental Research; Contract grant number: DE-AC02-05CH11231; This work was performed as part of the DOE Joint BioEnergy Institute (http://www.jbei.org) supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research, through contract DE-AC02-05CH11231 between Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and the U.S. Department of Energy. Pyrotag sequencing was conducted by the Joint Genome Institute supported by the Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. Martin Allgaier, Susannah Tringe, Tijana Glavina Del Rio, and Stephanie Malfatti of the Joint Genome Institute are acknowledged for their assistance in obtaining and processing pyrotag sequencing data. NR 29 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 2 U2 27 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0006-3592 J9 BIOTECHNOL BIOENG JI Biotechnol. Bioeng. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 109 IS 5 BP 1140 EP 1145 DI 10.1002/bit.24388 PG 6 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 908ZN UT WOS:000301531700010 PM 22125273 ER PT J AU Zendejas, FJ Benke, PI Lane, PD Simmons, BA Lane, TW AF Zendejas, Frank J. Benke, Peter I. Lane, Pamela D. Simmons, Blake A. Lane, Todd W. TI Characterization of the acylglycerols and resulting biodiesel derived from vegetable oil and microalgae (Thalassiosira pseudonana and Phaeodactylum tricornutum) SO BIOTECHNOLOGY AND BIOENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE biodiesel; microalgae; algae; transesterification ID FUEL PROPERTIES; SOYBEAN OIL; TRANSESTERIFICATION; ESTERS; BIOFUELS; TRIACYLGLYCEROLS; PHOTOBIOREACTOR; CHROMATOGRAPHY; GLYCEROL; METHANOL AB Algal biofuels are a growing interest worldwide due to their potential in terms of sustainable greenhouse gas displacement and energy production. This article describes a comparative survey of biodiesel production and conversion yields of biodiesel via alkaline transesterification of acylglycerols extracted from the microalgae Thalassiosira pseudonana and Phaeodactylum tricornutum, grown under silicate or nitrate limitation, and that of model vegetable oils: soybean, and rapeseed oil. Acylglycerols were extracted with n-hexane and the total yield per biomass was determined by gravimetric assay. Under our conditions, the total acylglycerol yield from the microalgae studied was 1318% of total dry weight. The biodiesel samples were analyzed using gas chromatographyflame ionization detector to determine quantitative information of residual glycerol, mono-, di-, and tri-acylglycerol concentrations in the biodiesel. All of the algal-based biodiesel demonstrated less mono-, di-, and tri-acylglycerol concentrations than the vegetable-based biodiesel under identical transesterification conditions. The fatty acid compositions of all the feedstock oils and their resultant biodiesel were also analyzed and reported. Based on the fatty acid methyl ester compositions of our samples we qualitatively assessed the suitability of the algal-derived biodiesel in terms of cetane number (CN), cold-flow properties, and oxidative stability. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2012;109: 11461154. Published 2011. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA. C1 [Zendejas, Frank J.; Simmons, Blake A.] Sandia Natl Labs, Biomass Sci & Convers Technol Dept, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. [Benke, Peter I.] Joint BioEnergy Inst, Div Technol, Emeryville, CA USA. [Benke, Peter I.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Labs, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA USA. [Lane, Pamela D.; Lane, Todd W.] Sandia Natl Labs, Syst Biol Dept, Livermore, CA USA. [Simmons, Blake A.] Joint BioEnergy Inst, Deconstruvt Div, Emeryville, CA USA. RP Zendejas, FJ (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Biomass Sci & Convers Technol Dept, POB 969, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM fzendej@sandia.gov OI Lane, Todd/0000-0002-5816-2649; Simmons, Blake/0000-0002-1332-1810 FU Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program at Sandia National Laboratories; United States Department of Energy [DE-AC04-94AL85000, DE-AC02-05CH11231]; Office of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research of the United States Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX This work was supported by the Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program at Sandia National Laboratories, which is a multi-program laboratory operated by Sandia Corporation, a Lockheed Martin Company, for the United States Department of Energy under contract no. DE-AC04-94AL85000. The work conducted by the Joint BioEnergy Institute was supported by the Office of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research of the United States Department of Energy under contract no. DE-AC02-05CH11231; Contract grant sponsor: United States Department of Energy; Contract grant number: DE-AC04-94AL85000; DE-AC02-05CH11231. NR 50 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 32 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0006-3592 J9 BIOTECHNOL BIOENG JI Biotechnol. Bioeng. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 109 IS 5 BP 1146 EP 1154 DI 10.1002/bit.24395 PG 9 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 908ZN UT WOS:000301531700011 PM 22161571 ER PT J AU Jiang, S Ho, CT Lee, JH Duong, HV Han, S Hur, HG AF Jiang, Shenghua Cuong Tu Ho Lee, Ji-Hoon Hieu Van Duong Han, Seunghee Hur, Hor-Gil TI Mercury capture into biogenic amorphous selenium nanospheres produced by mercury resistant Shewanella putrefaciens 200 SO CHEMOSPHERE LA English DT Article DE Se nanoparticle; Mercury; Remediation; Shewanella ID COMPACT FLUORESCENT LAMPS; REDUCING BACTERIA; SP HN-41; REDUCTION; TOXICITY; TEMPERATURE; CR(VI); GROWTH; U(VI) AB Shewanella putrefaciens 200, resistant to high concentration of Hg(II), was selected for co-removal of mercury and selenium from aqueous medium. Biogenic Hg(0) reduced from Hg(II) by S. putrefaciens 200 was captured into extracellular amorphous selenium nanospheres, resulting in the formation of stable HgSe nanoparticles. This bacterial reduction could be a new strategy for mercury removal from aquatic environments without secondary pollution of mercury methylation or Hg(0) volatilization. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Jiang, Shenghua; Cuong Tu Ho; Hieu Van Duong; Han, Seunghee; Hur, Hor-Gil] Gwangju Inst Sci & Technol, Sch Environm Sci & Engn, Kwangju 500712, South Korea. [Cuong Tu Ho] Inst Environm Technol, Hanoi 10600, Vietnam. [Lee, Ji-Hoon] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Biol Sci, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Han, Seunghee; Hur, Hor-Gil] Gwangju Inst Sci & Technol, Int Environm Anal & Educ Ctr, Kwangju 500712, South Korea. RP Hur, HG (reprint author), Gwangju Inst Sci & Technol, Sch Environm Sci & Engn, 261 Cheomdan Gwagiro, Kwangju 500712, South Korea. EM hghur@gist.ac.kr FU National Research Foundation of Korea [NRF: 20100029224]; 21C Frontier Microbial Genomics and Applications Center [11-2008-10-001-00]; Ministry of Education, Science & Technology, Republic of Korea; National Foundation for Science and Technology Development [NAFOSTED: 106.16-2011.65] FX This work was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF: 20100029224) Grant, the 21C Frontier Microbial Genomics and Applications Center Program (11-2008-10-001-00), Ministry of Education, Science & Technology, Republic of Korea, and Vietnam National Foundation for Science and Technology Development (NAFOSTED: 106.16-2011.65) Grant. NR 29 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 3 U2 36 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0045-6535 J9 CHEMOSPHERE JI Chemosphere PD MAY PY 2012 VL 87 IS 6 BP 621 EP 624 DI 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2011.12.083 PG 4 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 921VI UT WOS:000302505800006 PM 22386108 ER PT J AU Stark, K Scott, DE Tsyusko, O Coughlin, DP Hinton, TG AF Stark, Karolina Scott, David E. Tsyusko, Olga Coughlin, Daniel P. Hinton, Thomas G. TI Effects of two stressors on amphibian larval development SO ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY LA English DT Article DE Cs-137 exposure; Larval density; Scaphiopus holbrookii; Multiple stressors; Low dose rate; Radiation effects ID COMPLEX LIFE-CYCLES; MULTIPLE STRESSORS; AMBYSTOMA-OPACUM; METAMORPHOSIS; DENSITY; GROWTH; SIZE; HYDROPERIOD; SALAMANDERS; IRRADIATION AB In parallel with a renewed interest in nuclear power and its possible environmental impacts, a new environmental radiation protection system calls for environmental indicators of radiological stress. However, because environmental stressors seldom occur alone, this study investigated the combined effects of an ecological stressor (larval density) and an anthropogenic stressor (ionizing radiation) on amphibians. Scaphiopus holbrookii tadpoles reared at different larval densities were exposed to four low irradiation dose rates (0.13, 2.4, 21, and 222 mGy d(-1)) from Cs-137 during the sensitive period prior to and throughout metamorphosis. Body size at metamorphosis and development rate served as fitness correlates related to population dynamics. Results showed that increased larval density decreased body size but did not affect development rate. Low dose rate radiation had no impact on either endpoint. (C) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Stark, Karolina] Stockholm Univ, Dept Syst Ecol, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Stark, Karolina; Scott, David E.; Tsyusko, Olga; Coughlin, Daniel P.; Hinton, Thomas G.] Univ Georgia, Savannah River Ecol Lab, Aiken, SC 29802 USA. [Tsyusko, Olga] Univ Kentucky, Dept Plant & Soil Sci, Lexington, KY 40546 USA. [Hinton, Thomas G.] Inst Radiat Protect & Nucl Safety, Dept Radioecol Environm Modeling & Ecotoxicol, F-13115 Cadarache, France. RP Stark, K (reprint author), Stockholm Univ, Dept Syst Ecol, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. EM karolina.stark@ecology.su.se OI Tsyusko, Olga/0000-0001-8196-1062 FU Savannah River Ecology Laboratory; L. Namowitsky's Foundation; Swedish Radiation Protection Authority (SSI); U. S. Department of Energy [DE-FC09-96SR18546, FC09-07SR22506] FX This study was financed by the Savannah River Ecology Laboratory's Education Program, the L. Namowitsky's Foundation, the Swedish Radiation Protection Authority (SSI), and the U. S. Department of Energy under Award Number DE-FC09-96SR18546 and FC09-07SR22506 to the University of Georgia Research Foundation. NR 49 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 5 U2 30 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0147-6513 J9 ECOTOX ENVIRON SAFE JI Ecotox. Environ. Safe. PD MAY 1 PY 2012 VL 79 BP 283 EP 287 DI 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2012.01.014 PG 5 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA 916MD UT WOS:000302107000038 PM 22305119 ER PT J AU Horgan, FG AF Horgan, F. G. TI Effects of leaf damage on oviposition choice in an invasive paropsine beetle SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Chrysomelidae; Coleoptera; cut-foliage trade; Eucalyptus spp; facilitation; host-plant resistance; induced defences; invasive species; Ireland; Paropsisterna gloriosa Blackburn ID BIMACULATA OLIVIER COLEOPTERA; CHRYSOPHTHARTA-AGRICOLA; POPULATION-DYNAMICS; EUCALYPTUS-GLOBULUS; LARVAL SURVIVAL; CHRYSOMELIDAE; HERBIVORE; LEAVES; HOST; PERFORMANCE AB In 2007, an invasive paropsine beetle, Paropsisterna nr. gloriosa Blackburn, caused severe defoliation of Eucalyptus in mixed-species foliage plantations in south-west Ireland. At many of the plantations, Eucalyptus parvula L.A.S. Johnson & K.D. Hill was the most heavily damaged species while Eucalyptus pulverulenta Sims was generally resistant to the beetle. However, at the most heavily damaged site beetles moved to feed on E. pulvarulenta presumably during periods when suitable foliage (new leaves) of E. parvula had been severely depleted. The present study examines factors underlying shifts in oviposition from the preferred to non-preferred host. In choice and no-choice experiments, P. nr. gloriosa laid more eggs directly on new E. parvula foliage compared with new E. pulverulenta foliage. However, in choice experiments where new E. parvula foliage was unavailable (but old foliage available), more eggs were laid on new E. pulverulenta foliage. The potential for prior feeding damage to stimulate or deter oviposition on either host was also examined. Prior damage to new and old E. parvula leaves increased egg-laying directly on the damaged foliage; however, prior damage to E. pulverulenta may have inhibited oviposition. The results suggest that in mixed-species plantations, facilitation of oviposition on preferred hosts through prior feeding damage helps maintain the relative resistance of E. pulverulenta against P. nr. gloriosa, even under high beetle densities. However, the vulnerability of E. pulverulenta will increase where suitable age-classes of preferred-host foliage are severely depleted or unavailable. C1 [Horgan, F. G.] TEAGASC Agrires & Advisory Author, Oak Pk Res Ctr, Carlow, Ireland. RP Horgan, FG (reprint author), DAPO, Int Rice Res Inst, Crop & Environm Sci Div, Box 7777, Manila, Philippines. EM f.horgan@cgiar.org FU Irish Department of Agriculture, Food and Fisheries [07 533] FX I thank Andy Whelton (Teagasc) and David Thompson (Coillte) for helpful advice during the course of this research; Dave Slattery (deceased), Roger O'Donoghue, Jim Costello (Kerry Foliage Ltd) and Philip Wingfield for access to their eucalypt stands, Chris Reid (Australian Museum, Sydney) for identifying the beetle and two anonymous referees for helpful comments that improved the manuscript. This project was partially funded through a Research Stimulus Grant (07 533) from the Irish Department of Agriculture, Food and Fisheries. NR 25 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 39 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0931-2048 J9 J APPL ENTOMOL JI J. Appl. Entomol. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 136 IS 4 BP 271 EP 281 DI 10.1111/j.1439-0418.2011.01634.x PG 11 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 918BY UT WOS:000302225200004 ER PT J AU Zhang, F Allen, AJ Levine, LE Espinal, L Antonucci, JM Skrtic, D O'Donnell, JNR Ilavsky, J AF Zhang, Fan Allen, Andrew J. Levine, Lyle E. Espinal, Laura Antonucci, Joseph M. Skrtic, Drago O'Donnell, Justin N. R. Ilavsky, Jan TI Ultra-small-angle X-ray scattering-X-ray photon correlation spectroscopy studies of incipient structural changes in amorphous calcium phosphate-based dental composites SO JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL MATERIALS RESEARCH PART A LA English DT Article DE amorphous calcium phosphate; polymeric dental composites; microstructure; ultra-small-angle X-ray scattering; X-ray photon-correlation spectroscopy ID BIOACTIVE POLYMERIC COMPOSITES; MECHANICAL STRENGTH; RESIN COMPOSITES; PHOSPHATE/METHACRYLATE COMPOSITES; WATER SORPTION; ION RELEASE; HYDROXYAPATITE; TRANSFORMATION; CARBONATE; PHASE AB The local structural changes in amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP)-based dental composites were studied under isothermal conditions using both static, bulk measurement techniques and a recently developed methodology based on combined ultra-small angle X-ray scatteringX-ray photon correlation spectroscopy (USAXSXPCS), which permits a dynamic approach. While results from conventional bulk measurements do not show clear signs of structural change, USAXSXPCS results reveal unambiguous evidence for local structural variations on a similar time scale to that of water loss in the ACP fillers. A thermal-expansion-based simulation indicates that thermal behavior alone does not account for the observed dynamics. Together, these results suggest that changes in the water content of ACP affect the composite morphology due to changes in ACP structure that occur without an amorphous-to-crystalline conversion. It is also noted that biomedical materials research could benefit greatly from USAXSXPCS, a dynamic approach. (C) 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 2012. C1 [Zhang, Fan; Allen, Andrew J.; Levine, Lyle E.; Espinal, Laura; Antonucci, Joseph M.] NIST, Mat Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. [Zhang, Fan] No Illinois Univ, Dept Phys, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA. [Skrtic, Drago; O'Donnell, Justin N. R.] Amer Dent Assoc Fdn, Paffenbarger Res Ctr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. [Ilavsky, Jan] Argonne Natl Lab, Xray Sci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Zhang, F (reprint author), NIST, Mat Measurement Lab, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. EM fan.zhang@nist.gov RI Ilavsky, Jan/D-4521-2013; USAXS, APS/D-4198-2013 OI Ilavsky, Jan/0000-0003-1982-8900; FU U.S. DOE [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research (NIDCR) [DE 13169] FX Contract grant sponsor: National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research (NIDCR); contract grant number: DE 13169; The authors thank K. Peterson of Argonne's APS Engineering Support Division for help in optimizing the time resolution of the USAXS photodiode detector, K. Beyer and Troy Lutes of Argonne's X-ray Science Division instrument loan pool for lending us the Linkam thermal stage used to control the sample temperatures. Use of the Advanced Photon Source, an Office of Science User Facility operated for the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Science by Argonne National Laboratory, was supported by the U.S. DOE under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. NR 46 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 15 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1549-3296 J9 J BIOMED MATER RES A JI J. Biomed. Mater. Res. Part A PD MAY PY 2012 VL 100A IS 5 BP 1293 EP 1306 DI 10.1002/jbm.a.34018 PG 14 WC Engineering, Biomedical; Materials Science, Biomaterials SC Engineering; Materials Science GA 915IN UT WOS:000302017800022 PM 22374649 ER PT J AU An, K Alayoglu, S Ewers, T Somorjai, GA AF An, Kwangjin Alayoglu, Selim Ewers, Trevor Somorjai, Gabor A. TI Colloid chemistry of nanocatalysts: A molecular view SO JOURNAL OF COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Colloid; Nanoparticle; Surface; Catalyst; Mesoporous; Turn over; Selectivity; In situ characterization; Sum frequency generation vibrational spectroscopy (SFGVS); High pressure scanning tunneling microscopy (HPSTEM) ID SUM-FREQUENCY GENERATION; SINGLE-CRYSTAL SURFACES; SCANNING-TUNNELING-MICROSCOPY; BLODGETT MONOLAYER FORMATION; MESOPOROUS SBA-15 SILICA; VIBRATIONAL SPECTROSCOPY; BENZENE HYDROGENATION; CORE-SHELL; HIGH-PRESSURE; RUTHENIUM NANOPARTICLES AB Recent advances of a colloidal chemistry can offer great opportunities to fabricate and design nanocatalysts. Comprehensive understanding of a basic concept and theory of the colloidal synthetic chemistry facilitates to engineer elaborate nano-architectures such as bi- or multi-metallic, heterodimers, and core/shell. This colloidal solution technique not only enables to synthesize high surface mesoporous materials, but also provides a versatile tool to incorporate nanoparticles into mesoporous materials or onto substrates. For green chemistry, catalysis research has been pursued to design and fabricate a catalyst system that produces only one desired product (100% selectivity) at high turnover rates to reduce the production of undesirable wastes. Recent studies have shown that several molecular factors such as the surface structures, composition, and oxidation states affect the turnover frequency and reaction selectivity depending on the size, morphology, and composition of metal nanoparticles. Multipath reactions have been utilized to study the reaction selectivity as a function of size and shape of platinum nanoparticles. In the past, catalysts were evaluated and compared with characterizations before and after catalytic reaction. Much progress on in situ surface characterization techniques has permitted real-time monitoring of working catalysts under various conditions and provides molecular information during the reaction. (C) 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Somorjai, Gabor A.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Somorjai, GA (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM somorjai@berkeley.edu RI Ewers, Trevor/A-2810-2013 OI Ewers, Trevor/0000-0002-7867-1125 FU Chevron Corp.; Honda Research and Development; Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering of the US Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX This work was supported by a grant from Chevron Corp. and Honda Research and Development. We also acknowledge support by the Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering of the US Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. NR 91 TC 42 Z9 42 U1 4 U2 107 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0021-9797 J9 J COLLOID INTERF SCI JI J. Colloid Interface Sci. PD MAY 1 PY 2012 VL 373 BP 1 EP 13 DI 10.1016/j.jcis.2011.10.082 PG 13 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 917WC UT WOS:000302208300001 PM 22245266 ER PT J AU Barabash, RI Wang, XL Tiley, J Liaw, PK Fultz, B AF Barabash, R. I. Wang, Xun-Li Tiley, Jaimie Liaw, P. K. Fultz, B. TI Foreword: Special Topic on "Neutron and X-Ray Diffraction Studies of Advanced Materials IV" SO METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS A-PHYSICAL METALLURGY AND MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Barabash, R. I.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Wang, Xun-Li] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Neutron Scattering Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Tiley, Jaimie] USAF, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Liaw, P. K.] Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Fultz, B.] CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. RP Barabash, RI (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RI Wang, Xun-Li/C-9636-2010 OI Wang, Xun-Li/0000-0003-4060-8777 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1073-5623 J9 METALL MATER TRANS A JI Metall. Mater. Trans. A-Phys. Metall. Mater. Sci. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 43A IS 5 BP 1410 EP 1412 DI 10.1007/s11661-011-0985-4 PG 3 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 916JG UT WOS:000302097400004 ER PT J AU Barabash, RI Ice, GE Karapetrova, EA Zschack, P AF Barabash, R. I. Ice, G. E. Karapetrova, E. A. Zschack, P. TI Stress Annealing Induced Diffuse Scattering from Ni-3 (Al, Si) Precipitates SO METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS A-PHYSICAL METALLURGY AND MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID X-RAY-SCATTERING; SHORT-RANGE ORDER; BRAGG-REFLECTIONS; DEFECT CLUSTERS; ALLOYS; CRYSTALS; DISPLACEMENTS; STABILITY; DYNAMICS; COPPER AB Diffuse scattering caused by L(1)2 type Ni-3 (Al, Si) precipitates after stress annealing of Ni-Al-Si alloys is studied. Peculiarities of diffuse scattering in the asymptotic region as compared to the Huang scattering region are discussed. Coupling between the stress annealing direction and the precipitate shape is demonstrated. Experimental reciprocal space maps (RSMs) are compared to theoretical ones. Oscillations of diffuse scattering due to Ni-3 (Al, Sc) precipitates are observed. The strengths of the precipitates are estimated from the analysis of the diffuse scattering oscillations. C1 [Barabash, R. I.; Ice, G. E.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Karapetrova, E. A.; Zschack, P.] Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Barabash, RI (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM barabashr@ornl.gov FU Materials Sciences and Engineering Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, United States Department of Energy; Scientific Users Facilities Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, United States Department of Energy FX Research supported by the Materials Sciences and Engineering Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, United States Department of Energy. X-ray micro-beam measurements were performed at 33-ID at the Advanced Photon Source (APS). The use of the APS was supported by the Scientific Users Facilities Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, United States Department of Energy. NR 42 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 11 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1073-5623 J9 METALL MATER TRANS A JI Metall. Mater. Trans. A-Phys. Metall. Mater. Sci. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 43A IS 5 BP 1413 EP 1422 DI 10.1007/s11661-011-0937-z PG 10 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 916JG UT WOS:000302097400005 ER PT J AU Zhang, F Allen, AJ Levine, LE Ilavsky, J Long, GG AF Zhang, F. Allen, A. J. Levine, L. E. Ilavsky, J. Long, G. G. TI Ultra-Small-Angle X-ray Scattering-X-ray Photon Correlation Spectroscopy: A New Measurement Technique for In-Situ Studies of Equilibrium and Nonequilibrium Dynamics SO METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS A-PHYSICAL METALLURGY AND MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID INTENSITY FLUCTUATION SPECTROSCOPY; POLYSTYRENE LATEX SPHERES; LIGHT-SCATTERING; DIFFRACTION; COMPOSITES; MIXTURES; GLYCEROL; BEAM AB Ultra-small-angle X-ray scattering-X-ray photon correlation spectroscopy (USAXS-XPCS) is a new measurement technique for the study of equilibrium and slow nonequilibrium dynamics in disordered materials. This technique fills a gap between the accessible scattering vector ranges of dynamic light scattering (DLS) and XPCS. It also overcomes the limits of visible light scattering techniques imposed by multiple scattering and is suitable for the study of optically opaque materials containing near-micrometer-sized structures. In this article, we present an overview of the important technical aspects of USAXS-XPCS and offer a few examples as well as future outlooks to illustrate the capability of USAXS-XPCS for monitoring equilibrium and nonequilibrium dynamics. C1 [Ilavsky, J.; Long, G. G.] Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, X Ray Sci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Allen, A. J.; Levine, L. E.; Long, G. G.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Mat Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. [Zhang, F.] No Illinois Univ, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA. RP Ilavsky, J (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, X Ray Sci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM ilavsky@aps.anl.gov RI Ilavsky, Jan/D-4521-2013; USAXS, APS/D-4198-2013 OI Ilavsky, Jan/0000-0003-1982-8900; FU National Science Foundation/Department of Energy [NSF/CHE-0822838]; U.S. DOE [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX We thank J.M. Antonucci, D. Skrtic, and J.N.R. O'Donnell, NIST's Polymers Division, for preparing the dental composite samples. ChemMatCARS Sector 15 is principally supported by the National Science Foundation/Department of Energy under Grant No. NSF/CHE-0822838. Use of the Advanced Photon Source, an Office of Science User Facility operated for the United States Department of Energy (U.S. DOE) Office of Science by Argonne National Laboratory, was supported by the U.S. DOE under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. NR 49 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 21 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1073-5623 J9 METALL MATER TRANS A JI Metall. Mater. Trans. A-Phys. Metall. Mater. Sci. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 43A IS 5 BP 1445 EP 1453 DI 10.1007/s11661-011-0790-0 PG 9 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 916JG UT WOS:000302097400009 ER PT J AU Huang, EW Barabash, RI Clausen, B Liaw, PK AF Huang, E-Wen Barabash, Rozaliya I. Clausen, Bjorn Liaw, Peter K. TI Cyclic-Loading Induced Lattice-Strain Asymmetry in Loading and Transverse Directions SO METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS A-PHYSICAL METALLURGY AND MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID RESIDUAL-STRESS MEASUREMENT; DUPLEX STAINLESS-STEEL; DEFORMED-CRYSTALS; FATIGUE; DIFFRACTION; BEHAVIOR; CRACK; DISLOCATION; EVOLUTION; GROWTH AB Cyclic-loading effects on a nickel-based superalloy are investigated with in-situ neutron-diffraction measurements. The temperature evolution subjected to cyclic loading is estimated based on the lattice-strain evolution. The calculated thermoelastic responses are compared with the measured bulk temperature evolution. Two transitions in the temperature-evolution are observed. The first transition, observed with the neutron-measurement results, is associated with the cyclic hardening/softening-structural transformation. The second transition is observed at a larger number of fatigue cycles. It has a distinct origin and is related to the start of irreversible structural transformations during fatigue. A lattice-strain asymmetry behavior is observed. The lattice-strain asymmetry is quantified as a grain-orientation-dependent transverse/loading parameter. This strain-asymmetry evolution reveals the irreversible plastic deformation subjected to fatigue. The irreversible fatigue phenomena might relate to the formation of the microcracks. At elevated temperatures, the cyclic hardening/softening transition starts at lower fatigue cycles as compared to room temperature. A comparison between the room-temperature and the elevated-temperature fatigue experiments is performed. The asymmetry-parameter evolutions show the same irreversible trends at both the room and elevated temperatures. C1 [Huang, E-Wen] Natl Cent Univ, Dept Chem & Mat Engn, Jhongli 32001, Taiwan. [Huang, E-Wen] Natl Cent Univ, Ctr Neutron Beam Applicat, Jhongli 32001, Taiwan. [Barabash, Rozaliya I.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Barabash, Rozaliya I.; Liaw, Peter K.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Clausen, Bjorn] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos Neutron Sci Ctr, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Huang, EW (reprint author), Natl Cent Univ, Dept Chem & Mat Engn, Jhongli 32001, Taiwan. EM ewhuang@ncu.edu.tw RI Lujan Center, LANL/G-4896-2012; Huang, E-Wen/A-5717-2015; Clausen, Bjorn/B-3618-2015 OI Huang, E-Wen/0000-0003-4986-0661; Clausen, Bjorn/0000-0003-3906-846X FU National Science Foundation [DMR-0231320, DMR-0909037, CMMI-0900271]; Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering, Office of Basic Energy Science, United States Department of Energy; Department of Energy's Office of Basic Energy Science; DOE [DE-AC52-06NA25396]; [NSC-99-3113-Y-042-001] FX One of the authors (EWH) gratefully acknowledges the NSC-100-2221-E-008-041 Program. PKL very much appreciates the support of the National Science Foundation (Grant Nos. DMR-0231320, DMR-0909037, and CMMI-0900271), with Drs. A. Ardell and C. V. Cooper as program directors. RIB is sponsored by the Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering, Office of Basic Energy Science, United States Department of Energy. The Lujan Neutron Scattering Center, Los Alamos Neutron Science Center, is funded by the Department of Energy's Office of Basic Energy Science. The Los Alamos National Laboratory is operated by the Los Alamos National Security LLC under DOE Contract No. DE-AC52-06NA25396. The authors thank NSC-99-3113-Y-042-001 Program-supported graduate students Mr. Chung-Kai Chang and Ms. Shan-Yu Wu for their help. NR 45 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 14 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1073-5623 J9 METALL MATER TRANS A JI Metall. Mater. Trans. A-Phys. Metall. Mater. Sci. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 43A IS 5 BP 1454 EP 1461 DI 10.1007/s11661-011-0972-9 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 916JG UT WOS:000302097400010 ER PT J AU Druschitz, AP Aristizabal, RE Druschitz, E Hubbard, CR Watkins, TR Walker, L Ostrander, M AF Druschitz, Alan P. Aristizabal, Ricardo E. Druschitz, Edward Hubbard, C. R. Watkins, Thomas R. Walker, L. Ostrander, Mel TI In Situ Studies of Intercritically Austempered Ductile Iron Using Neutron Diffraction SO METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS A-PHYSICAL METALLURGY AND MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID RETAINED AUSTENITE STABILITY; STEEL AB Intercritically austempered ductile irons hold promise for applications requiring fatigue durability, excellent castability, low production energy requirements, reduced greenhouse gas emissions, and excellent machinability. In the present study, four different ductile iron alloys, containing manganese and nickel as the primary austenite-stabilizing elements, were heat treated to obtain different quantities of austenite in the final microstructure. This article reports the microstructures and phases present in these alloys. Furthermore, lattice strains and diffraction elastic constants in various crystallographic directions and the transformation characteristics of the austenite were determined as a function of applied stress using in situ loading during neutron diffraction at the second generation Neutron Residual Stress Facility at the High Flux Isotope Reactor at Oak Ridge National Laboratory. C1 [Druschitz, Alan P.] Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Aristizabal, Ricardo E.; Druschitz, Edward] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. [Hubbard, C. R.; Watkins, Thomas R.; Walker, L.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Ostrander, Mel] Rex Heat Treat Alabama Inc, Anniston, AL 36207 USA. RP Druschitz, AP (reprint author), Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. EM adrus@vt.edu RI Watkins, Thomas/D-8750-2016 OI Watkins, Thomas/0000-0002-2646-1329 FU U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC05-00OR22725] FX The authors would like to thank John Griffin and the UAB casting group for assistance in preparing the cast alloys, Webb Wheel (Cullman, AL) for performing the chemical analysis and CA Tooling (Lynchburg, VA) for machining the special tensile specimens for the neutron diffraction experiments. This research at the ORNL's HTML was sponsored by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Vehicle Technologies Program. Research at the NRSF2 at the HFIR was partially sponsored by the U.S. DOE, Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Vehicle Technologies Program, through the ORNL's HTML User Program and by the Scientific User Facilities Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. DOE. Notice: This manuscript has been authored by UT-Battelle, LLC, under Contract No. DE-AC05-00OR22725 with the U.S. Department of Energy. The United States Government retains and the publisher, by accepting the article for publication, acknowledges that the United States Government retains a nonexclusive, paid-up, irrevocable, worldwide license to publish or reproduce the published form of this manuscript, or allow others to do so, for United States Government purposes. DISCLAIMER NOTICE: This document was prepared by Alan P. Druschitz, Ricardo Aristizabal, and Edward Druschitz as a result of the use of facilities of the U.S. DOE that are managed by UT-BATTELLE, LLC. Neither UT-BATTELLE, LLC, DOE, or the United States Government, nor any person acting on their behalf: (1) makes any warranty or representation, express or implied, with respect to the information contained in this document; or (2) assumes any liabilities with respect to the use of, or damages resulting from the use of, any information contained in the document. Co-author Ricardo Aristizabal is an Assistant Professor of the University of Antioquia in Medellin Colombia; he is currently a Ph.D. candidate at the University of Alabama at Birmingham. NR 21 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 6 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1073-5623 J9 METALL MATER TRANS A JI Metall. Mater. Trans. A-Phys. Metall. Mater. Sci. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 43A IS 5 BP 1468 EP 1476 DI 10.1007/s11661-011-0921-7 PG 9 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 916JG UT WOS:000302097400012 ER PT J AU Johnson, EM Watkins, TR Schmidlin, JE Dutler, SA AF Johnson, E. M. Watkins, T. R. Schmidlin, J. E. Dutler, S. A. TI A Benchmark Study on Casting Residual Stress SO METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS A-PHYSICAL METALLURGY AND MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID NEUTRON AB A benchmark study was undertaken for casting residual stress measurements through neutron diffraction, which was subsequently used to validate the accuracy of simulation prediction. The "stress lattice" specimen geometry was designed such that subsequent castings would generate adequate residual stresses during solidification and cooling of ductile cast iron, without any cracks. The residual stresses in the cast specimen were measured using neutron diffraction. Considering the difficulty in accessing the neutron diffraction facility, these measurements can be considered as a benchmark for casting simulation validations. Simulations were performed using the identical specimen geometry and casting conditions for predictions of residual stresses. The simulation predictions were found to agree well with the experimentally measured residual stresses. The experimentally validated model can be subsequently used to predict residual stresses in different cast components. This enables incorporation of the residual stresses at the design phase along with external loads for accurate predictions of fatigue and fracture performance of the cast components. C1 [Watkins, T. R.; Schmidlin, J. E.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Johnson, E. M.] Moline Technol Innovat Ctr John Deere, Moline, IL 61265 USA. [Dutler, S. A.] MAGMA Foundry Technol Inc, Schaumburg, IL 60173 USA. RP Watkins, TR (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM watkinstr@ornl.gov RI Watkins, Thomas/D-8750-2016 OI Watkins, Thomas/0000-0002-2646-1329 FU United States Department of Energy, Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy through the Oak Ridge National Laboratory's High Temperature Materials Laboratory; Scientific User Facilities Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, United States Department of Energy; United States Department of Energy [DE-AC05-00OR22725] FX Research at the 2nd Generation Neutron Residual Stress Mapping Facility at the High Flux Isotope Reactor was partially sponsored by the United States Department of Energy, Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Vehicle Technologies Program, through the Oak Ridge National Laboratory's High Temperature Materials Laboratory User Program, and by the Scientific User Facilities Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, United States Department of Energy. Notice: This manuscript has been authored by UT-Battelle, LLC, under Contract No. DE-AC05-00OR22725 with the United States Department of Energy. The United States Government retains and the publisher, by accepting the article for publication, acknowledge that the United States Government retains a nonexclusive, paid-up, irrevocable, worldwide license to publish or reproduce the published form of this manuscript, or allow others to do so, for United States Government purposes. Disclaimer notice: This document was prepared by Eric Johnson as a result of the use of facilities of the United States Department of Energy (DOE) that are managed by UT-Battelle, LLC. Neither UT-Battelle, LLC, DOE, or the United States government, nor any person acting on their behalf: (a) makes any warranty or representation, \express or implied, with respect to the information contained in this document; or (b) assumes any liabilities with respect to the use of, or damages resulting from the use of, any information contained in the document. NR 22 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 9 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1073-5623 EI 1543-1940 J9 METALL MATER TRANS A JI Metall. Mater. Trans. A-Phys. Metall. Mater. Sci. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 43A IS 5 BP 1487 EP 1496 DI 10.1007/s11661-011-0907-5 PG 10 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 916JG UT WOS:000302097400014 ER PT J AU Huang, SY Brown, DW Clausen, B Teng, ZK Gao, YF Liaw, PK AF Huang, Shenyan Brown, Donald W. Clausen, Bjorn Teng, Zhenke Gao, Yanfei Liaw, Peter K. TI In Situ Neutron-Diffraction Studies on the Creep Behavior of a Ferritic Superalloy SO METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS A-PHYSICAL METALLURGY AND MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID NI-CR ALLOYS; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; CARBON-STEELS; AL; DEFORMATION; TEMPERATURE; PRECIPITATION; COMPOSITES; GENERATION AB Precipitate strengthening effects toward the improved creep behavior have been investigated in a ferritic superalloy with B2-type (Ni,Fe)Al precipitates. In situ neutron diffraction has been employed to study the evolution of the average phase strains, (hkl) plane-specific lattice strains, interphase lattice misfit, and grain-orientation texture during creep deformation of the ferritic superalloy at 973 K (700 A degrees C). The creep mechanisms and particle-dislocation interactions have been studied from the macroscopic creep behavior. At a low stress level of 107 MPa, the dislocation-climb-controlled power-law creep is dominant in the matrix phase, and the load partition between the matrix and the precipitate phases remains constant. However, intergranular stresses develop progressively during the primary creep regime with the load transferred to 200 and 310 oriented grains along the axial loading direction. At a high stress level of 150 MPa, deformation is governed by the thermally activated dislocation glide (power-law breakdown) accompanied by the accelerated texture evolution. Furthermore, an increase in stress level also leads to load transfer from the plastically deformed matrix to the elastically deformed precipitates in the axial direction, along with an increase in the lattice misfit between the matrix and the precipitate phases. C1 [Huang, Shenyan; Teng, Zhenke; Gao, Yanfei; Liaw, Peter K.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Brown, Donald W.; Clausen, Bjorn] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Lujan Ctr, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Gao, Yanfei] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Comp Sci & Math Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Liaw, PK (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM pliaw@utk.edu RI Gao, Yanfei/F-9034-2010; Lujan Center, LANL/G-4896-2012; Clausen, Bjorn/B-3618-2015 OI Gao, Yanfei/0000-0003-2082-857X; Clausen, Bjorn/0000-0003-3906-846X FU U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Fossil Energy [DE-FG26-06NT42732, DE-09NT0008089]; Office of Basic Energy Sciences (DOE); DOE [DE-AC52-06NA-25396]; Center for Defect Physics; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science FX This work was supported financially by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Fossil Energy, under Grants DE-FG26-06NT42732 and DE-09NT0008089. The work has benefitted from the use of the Lujan Neutron Scattering Center at LAN-SCE, which is funded by the Office of Basic Energy Sciences (DOE). Los Alamos National Laboratory is operated by the Los Alamos National Security LLC under the DOE Contract DE-AC52-06NA-25396. The authors would like to thank Prof. Morris Fine, Prof. Gautam Ghosh at Northwestern University, Prof. Mark Asta at University of California, Berkeley, and Prof. Chain T. Liu at the City University of Hong Kong for their collaborations in this program. Note that the TEM work was published in Ref. 4 and was conducted by Prof. Gautam Ghosh. Y.F. Gao acknowledges support from the Center for Defect Physics, an Energy Frontier Research Center funded by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science. NR 38 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 30 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1073-5623 J9 METALL MATER TRANS A JI Metall. Mater. Trans. A-Phys. Metall. Mater. Sci. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 43A IS 5 BP 1497 EP 1508 DI 10.1007/s11661-011-0979-2 PG 12 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 916JG UT WOS:000302097400015 ER PT J AU Radhakrishnan, B Gorti, SB Stoica, GM Muralidharan, G Stoica, AD Wang, XL Specht, ED Kenik, E Muth, T AF Radhakrishnan, B. Gorti, S. B. Stoica, G. M. Muralidharan, G. Stoica, A. D. Wang, X. -L. Specht, E. D. Kenik, E. Muth, T. TI Mesoscale Modeling and Validation of Texture Evolution during Asymmetric Rolling and Static Recrystallization of Magnesium Alloy AZ31B SO METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS A-PHYSICAL METALLURGY AND MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID MONTE-CARLO-SIMULATION; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; MG-3AL-1ZN ALLOY; BASAL TEXTURE; DEFORMATION; MICROSTRUCTURE; DIFFRACTOMETER; NUCLEATION; DUCTILITY; METALS AB The focus of the present research is to develop an integrated deformation and recrystallization model for magnesium alloys at the microstructural length scale. It is known that in magnesium alloys nucleation of recrystallized grains occurs at various microstructural inhomogeneities such as twins and localized deformation bands. However, models need to be developed that can predict the evolution of the grain structure and texture developed during recrystallization and grain growth, especially when the deformation process follows a complicated deformation path such as in asymmetric rolling. The deformation model is based on a crystal plasticity approach implemented at the length scale of the microstructure that includes deformation mechanisms based on dislocation slip and twinning. The recrystallization simulation is based on a Monte Carlo technique that operates on the output of the deformation simulations. The nucleation criterion during recrystallization is based on the local stored energy, and the Monte Carlo technique is used to simulate the growth of the nuclei resulting from local stored energy differences and curvature. The model predictions are compared with experimental data obtained through electron backscatter analysis and neutron diffraction. C1 [Radhakrishnan, B.; Gorti, S. B.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Comp Sci & Math Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. [Stoica, G. M.; Stoica, A. D.; Wang, X. -L.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Neutron Scattering Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. RP Radhakrishnan, B (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Comp Sci & Math Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. EM radhakrishnb@ornl.gov RI Wang, Xun-Li/C-9636-2010; Stoica, Alexandru/K-3614-2013; Specht, Eliot/A-5654-2009; Muralidharan, Govindarajan/J-6155-2015 OI Wang, Xun-Li/0000-0003-4060-8777; Stoica, Alexandru/0000-0001-5118-0134; Specht, Eliot/0000-0002-3191-2163; FU Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL); U.S. Department of Energy [De-AC05-00OR22725]; Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy FX This research was sponsored by the Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program of Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), managed by UT-Battelle, LLC for the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. De-AC05-00OR22725. In situ neutron diffraction studies were conducted at the Spallation Neutron Source facility at ORNL, which is supported by the Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy. NR 21 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 15 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1073-5623 J9 METALL MATER TRANS A JI Metall. Mater. Trans. A-Phys. Metall. Mater. Sci. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 43A IS 5 BP 1509 EP 1516 DI 10.1007/s11661-011-0896-4 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 916JG UT WOS:000302097400016 ER PT J AU Elmer, JW Specht, ED AF Elmer, John W. Specht, E. D. TI In-Situ X-Ray Diffraction Observations of Low-Temperature Ag-Nanoink Sintering and High-Temperature Eutectic Reaction with Copper SO METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS A-PHYSICAL METALLURGY AND MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID LATTICE EXPANSION; THIN-FILMS; PARTICLES; SN; CU AB Nanoinks, which contain nanometer-sized metallic particles suspended in an organic dispersant fluid, are finding numerous microelectronic applications. One characteristic of nanoinks is that they sinter at much lower temperatures than bulk metals due to their high surface area to volume ratio and small radius of curvature, which reduces their melting points significantly below their bulk values. The unusually low sintering temperatures have unique potential for materials joining, since their melting points increase dramatically afterward. In this article, the sintering kinetics of Ag nanoink is studied using in-situ synchrotron methods to determine diffraction peak characteristics during the sintering cycle, and to subsequently calculate particle size and growth during sintering. Ag nanoink is further explored as a eutectic bonding medium by tracking phase transformations between sintered Ag nanoink and a Cu substrate to high temperatures, where melting occurs at the Ag-Cu eutectic, demonstrating nanoinks as a viable eutectic bonding medium. C1 [Elmer, John W.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Engn Technol Div, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. [Specht, E. D.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Elmer, JW (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Engn Technol Div, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM elmer1@llnl.gov RI Specht, Eliot/A-5654-2009 OI Specht, Eliot/0000-0002-3191-2163 FU United States Department of Energy (U.S. DOE) by the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344]; United States Department of Energy (U.S. DOE) by the Oak Ridge National Laboratory [DE-AC05-00OR22725]; Materials Sciences and Engineering Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. DOE; U.S. DOE, Basic Energy Sciences, Office of Science [W-31-109-ENG-38] FX The authors thank Jenia Karapetrova, APS, for assisting with the synchrotron beam-line setup and operation. This work was performed under the auspices of the United States Department of Energy (U.S. DOE) by the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, under Contract No. DE-AC52-07NA27344, and by the Oak Ridge National Laboratory, under Contract No. DE-AC05-00OR22725. The ORNL portion of this work was fully supported by the Materials Sciences and Engineering Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. DOE. The in-situ synchrotron experiments were performed on 34-BM-C at the APS, which is supported by the U.S. DOE, Basic Energy Sciences, Office of Science, under Contract No. W-31-109-ENG-38. NR 27 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 13 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1073-5623 EI 1543-1940 J9 METALL MATER TRANS A JI Metall. Mater. Trans. A-Phys. Metall. Mater. Sci. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 43A IS 5 BP 1528 EP 1537 DI 10.1007/s11661-011-0717-9 PG 10 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 916JG UT WOS:000302097400019 ER PT J AU Shen, YF Liu, WN Sun, X Xue, WY Wang, YD Zuo, L Liaw, PK AF Shen, Y. F. Liu, W. N. Sun, X. Xue, W. Y. Wang, Y. D. Zuo, L. Liaw, P. K. TI Plastic Deformation in an Amorphous Ni-P Coating SO METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS A-PHYSICAL METALLURGY AND MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID BULK METALLIC-GLASS; NICKEL-PHOSPHORUS COATINGS; NANOCRYSTALLINE NICKEL; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; FRACTURE-TOUGHNESS; SERRATED FLOW; SHEAR BANDS; NANOINDENTATION; HARDNESS; ALLOYS AB An experimental and numerical investigation of the hardness and associated plastic deformation in as-deposited and as-annealed nickel-phosphorus (Ni-P) coatings was conducted. In addition to the indentation-deformation behavior, the deformation morphology underneath the indenter was examined. The yield strength extracted from the indentation data is as high as 5.6 GPa, indicating pressure-sensitive plasticity. Results show that the as-deposited Ni-P coating was deformed appreciably through the shear-band mechanism with semicircular and radial shear-band morphologies. From the incremental loading-unloading cyclic experiments, the phenomena on hardening and recovery, which have scarcely been recognized in amorphous materials at room temperature, were observed in the amorphous coating using instrumented nanoindentation. A numerical simulation of the interfacial indentation test between the Ni-P coating and the substrate reveals the pileup and shear bands of the Ni-P coating that were observed during the indentation tests. C1 [Shen, Y. F.; Zuo, L.] Northeastern Univ, Key Lab Anisotropy & Texture Mat, Minist Educ, Shenyang 110004, Peoples R China. [Liu, W. N.; Sun, X.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Fundamental & Computat Sci Directorate, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Xue, W. Y.] Northeastern Univ, State Key Lab Rolling & Automat, Shenyang 110004, Peoples R China. [Wang, Y. D.] Beijing Inst Technol, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Beijing 100081, Peoples R China. [Liaw, P. K.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RP Shen, YF (reprint author), Northeastern Univ, Key Lab Anisotropy & Texture Mat, Minist Educ, Shenyang 110004, Peoples R China. EM shenyf@smm.neu.edu.cn RI ran, shi/G-9380-2013; wang, yandong/G-9404-2013 FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [50725102]; Program for Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Team in University [IRT0731]; Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities [N090402007, N090202001]; State Key Lab of Rolling Automation [2009006]; National Science Foundation [DMR23-0231320, DMR-0421219, DMR-0909037, CMMI-0900271] FX This research is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 50725102), Program for Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Team in University (IRT0731), the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (Grant Nos. N090402007 and N090202001), and the open program of the State Key Lab of Rolling & Automation (Grant No. 2009006). PKL greatly appreciates the support from the National Science Foundation (DMR23-0231320, DMR-0421219, DMR-0909037, and CMMI-0900271), with Drs. C.V. Cooper, A. Ardell, D. Finotello, C. Huber, and C. Bouldin as program directors. NR 55 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 29 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1073-5623 J9 METALL MATER TRANS A JI Metall. Mater. Trans. A-Phys. Metall. Mater. Sci. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 43A IS 5 BP 1610 EP 1620 DI 10.1007/s11661-011-0989-0 PG 11 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 916JG UT WOS:000302097400027 ER PT J AU Vuyisich, M Sanders, CK Graves, SW AF Vuyisich, Momchilo Sanders, Claire K. Graves, Steven W. TI Binding and cell intoxication studies of anthrax lethal toxin SO MOLECULAR BIOLOGY REPORTS LA English DT Article DE Anthrax; Lethal toxin assembly; Protective antigen; Heptamer ID PROTECTIVE ANTIGEN; BACILLUS-ANTHRACIS; INHALATIONAL ANTHRAX; FORMS; DIFFERENTIATION; INHIBITORS; RECEPTOR; FURIN; SERUM AB Anthrax lethal toxin (LT) is a major virulence factor of Bacillus anthracis. The vast majority of the anthrax toxin-related literature describes the assembly of LT as a cell-dependent process. However, some reports have provided evidence for the existence of a fully assembled LT, either in vitro or in the bloodstream of anthrax-infected animals. To follow up on this work, we present studies on fully-assembled LT. We first demonstrate facile and cell-free assembly and purification of LT. We then show that fully assembled LT binds an anthrax toxin receptor with almost 100-fold higher affinity than the protective antigen (PA) alone. Quantitative cell intoxication assays were used to determine the LD50 (lethal dose 50) for LT. The cell-binding studies revealed that LT binds mammalian cells using a different mode from PA. Even when PA-specific receptors were blocked, fully assembled LT was able to bind the cell surface. Our studies support the existing evidence that LT fully assembles in the blood stream and can bind and intoxicate mammalian cells with very high affinity and efficacy. More importantly, the data presented here invoke the possibility that LT may bind cells in a receptor-independent fashion, or recognize receptors that do not interact with PA. Hence, blood borne LT may emerge as a novel therapeutic target for combating anthrax. C1 [Vuyisich, Momchilo; Sanders, Claire K.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Graves, Steven W.] Univ New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. RP Vuyisich, M (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, MS M888,POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM vuyisich@lanl.gov; csanders@lanl.gov; graves@unm.edu FU Division of Research Resources of NIH at Los Alamos National Flow Cytometry Resource [P41-RR01315]; Intelligence Community (IC) FX This work was funded by the Division of Research Resources of NIH (Grant P41-RR01315) at Los Alamos National Flow Cytometry Resource, and by the Intelligence Community (IC) Postdoctoral Research Fellowship Program. NR 26 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 11 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0301-4851 J9 MOL BIOL REP JI Mol. Biol. Rep. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 39 IS 5 BP 5897 EP 5903 DI 10.1007/s11033-011-1401-2 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 917BU UT WOS:000302147800099 PM 22219086 ER PT J AU Ratcliff, EL Meyer, J Steirer, KX Armstrong, NR Olson, D Kahn, A AF Ratcliff, Erin L. Meyer, Jens Steirer, K. Xerxes Armstrong, Neal R. Olson, Dana Kahn, Antoine TI Energy level alignment in PCDTBT:PC70BM solar cells: Solution processed NiOx for improved hole collection and efficiency SO ORGANIC ELECTRONICS LA English DT Article DE Electronic structure; Photoemission spectroscopy; PCDTBT; Blend; Interface dipole; NiOx ID ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; PHOTOVOLTAIC CELLS; POLYMER; PERFORMANCE; LAYERS AB Solution-based NiOx outperforms PEDOT:PSS in device performance and stability when used as a hole-collection layer in bulk-heterojunction (BHJ) solar cells formed with poly[N-9'-heptadecanyl-2,7-carbazole-alt-5,5-(4',7'-di-2-thienyl-2',1',3'-benzothiadiazole) (PCDTBT) and PC70BM. The origin of the enhancement is clarified by studying the interfacial energy level alignment between PCDTBT or the 1: 4 blended heterojunctions and PEDOT: PSS or NiOx using ultraviolet and inverse photoemission spectroscopies. The 1.6 eV electronic gap of PEDOT: PSS and energy level alignment with the BHJ result in poor hole selectivity of PEDOT:PSS and allows electron recombination at the PEDOT: PSS/BHJ interface. Conversely, the large band gap (3.7 eV) of NiOx and interfacial dipole (>= 0.6 eV) with the organic active layer leads to a hole-selective interface. This interfacial dipole yields enhanced electron blocking properties by increasing the barrier to electron injection. The presence of such a strong dipole is predicted to further promote hole collection from the organic layer into the oxide, resulting in increased fill factor and short circuit current. An overall decrease in recombination is manifested in an increase in open circuit voltage and power conversion efficiency of the device on NiOx versus PEDOT: PSS interlayers. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Ratcliff, Erin L.; Steirer, K. Xerxes; Armstrong, Neal R.] Univ Arizona, Dept Chem & Biochem, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Meyer, Jens; Kahn, Antoine] Princeton Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Olson, Dana] Natl Ctr Photovolta, Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Ratcliff, EL (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Dept Chem & Biochem, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. EM ratcliff@email.arizona.edu RI Meyer, Jens/B-7834-2013 FU Center for Interface Science: Solar Electric Materials, an Energy Frontier Research Center [DE-SC0001084]; NSF [DMR-1005892]; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) FX We would like to thank Konarka for providing the polymer PCDTBT. This research was supported as part of the Center for Interface Science: Solar Electric Materials, an Energy Frontier Research Center funded the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Award Number DE-SC0001084 (NRA, ELR, KXS, DCO), NSF DMR-1005892 (AK), and the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) postdoctoral fellowship program (JM). NR 24 TC 90 Z9 91 U1 4 U2 121 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1566-1199 J9 ORG ELECTRON JI Org. Electron. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 13 IS 5 BP 744 EP 749 DI 10.1016/j.orgel.2012.01.022 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA 916RW UT WOS:000302121900005 ER PT J AU Fu, CX Sunkar, R Zhou, CE Shen, H Zhang, JY Matts, J Wolf, J Mann, DGJ Stewart, CN Tang, YH Wang, ZY AF Fu, Chunxiang Sunkar, Ramanjulu Zhou, Chuanen Shen, Hui Zhang, Ji-Yi Matts, Jessica Wolf, Jennifer Mann, David G. J. Stewart, C. Neal, Jr. Tang, Yuhong Wang, Zeng-Yu TI Overexpression of miR156 in switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) results in various morphological alterations and leads to improved biomass production SO PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE biofuel crop; biomass; miR156; microRNA; Panicum virgatum; transgenic switchgrass ID FERMENTABLE SUGAR YIELDS; TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; BIOFUEL PRODUCTION; LIGNIN BIOSYNTHESIS; SHOOT MATURATION; PLANT MICRORNA; SMALL RNAS; EXPRESSION; GRASSES AB Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) has been developed into a dedicated herbaceous bioenergy crop. Biomass yield is a major target trait for genetic improvement of switchgrass. microRNAs have emerged as a prominent class of gene regulatory factors that has the potential to improve complex traits such as biomass yield. A miR156b precursor was overexpressed in switchgrass. The effects of miR156 overexpression on SQUAMOSA PROMOTER BINDING PROTEIN LIKE (SPL) genes were revealed by microarray and quantitative RT-PCR analyses. Morphological alterations, biomass yield, saccharification efficiency and forage digestibility of the transgenic plants were characterized. miR156 controls apical dominance and floral transition in switchgrass by suppressing its target SPL genes. Relatively low levels of miR156 overexpression were sufficient to increase biomass yield while producing plants with normal flowering time. Moderate levels of miR156 led to improved biomass but the plants were non-flowering. These two groups of plants produced 58%101% more biomass yield compared with the control. However, high miR156 levels resulted in severely stunted growth. The degree of morphological alterations of the transgenic switchgrass depends on miR156 level. Compared with floral transition, a lower miR156 level is required to disrupt apical dominance. The improvement in biomass yield was mainly because of the increase in tiller number. Targeted overexpression of miR156 also improved solubilized sugar yield and forage digestibility, and offered an effective approach for transgene containment. C1 [Fu, Chunxiang; Zhou, Chuanen; Wolf, Jennifer; Wang, Zeng-Yu] Samuel Roberts Noble Fdn Inc, Forage Improvement Div, Ardmore, OK USA. [Sunkar, Ramanjulu; Matts, Jessica] Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. [Shen, Hui; Zhang, Ji-Yi; Tang, Yuhong] Samuel Roberts Noble Fdn Inc, Div Plant Biol, Ardmore, OK 73402 USA. [Shen, Hui; Zhang, Ji-Yi; Mann, David G. J.; Stewart, C. Neal, Jr.; Tang, Yuhong; Wang, Zeng-Yu] BioEnergy Sci Ctr, Oak Ridge, TN USA. [Mann, David G. J.; Stewart, C. Neal, Jr.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Plant Sci, Knoxville, TN USA. RP Wang, ZY (reprint author), Samuel Roberts Noble Fdn Inc, Forage Improvement Div, Ardmore, OK USA. EM zywang@noble.org RI Sunkar, Ramanjulu/L-2982-2014 FU National Science Foundation [EPS-0814361]; BioEnergy Science Center; Samuel Roberts Noble Foundation; Oklahoma Agricultural Experiment Station; Office of Biological and Environmental Research in the DOE Office of Science FX We thank Tui Ray for assistance with quantitative RT-PCR analysis, Stacy Allen with microarray sample processing and Dennis Walker for assistance with forage digestibility analysis. This work was supported by the National Science Foundation (Grant No. EPS-0814361), the BioEnergy Science Center, The Samuel Roberts Noble Foundation and Oklahoma Agricultural Experiment Station. The BioEnergy Science Center is a U.S. Department of Energy Bioenergy Research Center supported by the Office of Biological and Environmental Research in the DOE Office of Science. NR 53 TC 96 Z9 103 U1 8 U2 88 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1467-7644 J9 PLANT BIOTECHNOL J JI Plant Biotechnol. J. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 10 IS 4 BP 443 EP 452 DI 10.1111/j.1467-7652.2011.00677.x PG 10 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Plant Sciences SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Plant Sciences GA 919AA UT WOS:000302291800007 PM 22239253 ER PT J AU Chandola, V Banerjee, A Kumar, V AF Chandola, Varun Banerjee, Arindam Kumar, Vipin TI Anomaly Detection for Discrete Sequences: A Survey SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON KNOWLEDGE AND DATA ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE Discrete sequences; anomaly detection ID HIDDEN MARKOV-MODELS; TIME-SERIES; INTRUSION DETECTION; SYSTEM CALLS; EFFICIENT; ALGORITHM AB This survey attempts to provide a comprehensive and structured overview of the existing research for the problem of detecting anomalies in discrete/symbolic sequences. The objective is to provide a global understanding of the sequence anomaly detection problem and how existing techniques relate to each other. The key contribution of this survey is the classification of the existing research into three distinct categories, based on the problem formulation that they are trying to solve. These problem formulations are: 1) identifying anomalous sequences with respect to a database of normal sequences; 2) identifying an anomalous subsequence within a long sequence; and 3) identifying a pattern in a sequence whose frequency of occurrence is anomalous. We show how each of these problem formulations is characteristically distinct from each other and discuss their relevance in various application domains. We review techniques from many disparate and disconnected application domains that address each of these formulations. Within each problem formulation, we group techniques into categories based on the nature of the underlying algorithm. For each category, we provide a basic anomaly detection technique, and show how the existing techniques are variants of the basic technique. This approach shows how different techniques within a category are related or different from each other. Our categorization reveals new variants and combinations that have not been investigated before for anomaly detection. We also provide a discussion of relative strengths and weaknesses of different techniques. We show how techniques developed for one problem formulation can be adapted to solve a different formulation, thereby providing several novel adaptations to solve the different problem formulations. We also highlight the applicability of the techniques that handle discrete sequences to other related areas such as online anomaly detection and time series anomaly detection. C1 [Chandola, Varun] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. [Banerjee, Arindam; Kumar, Vipin] Univ Minnesota, Dept Comp Sci & Engn, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. RP Chandola, V (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, 1 Bethel Valley Rd, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. EM chandolav@ornl.gov; banerjee@cs.umn.edu; kumar@cs.umn.edu FU NASA [NNX08AC36A]; US National Science Foundation (NSF) [CNS-0551551, IIS-0713227] FX This work was supported by NASA under award NNX08AC36A and US National Science Foundation (NSF) Grants CNS-0551551 and IIS-0713227. Access to computing facilities was provided by the Digital Technology Consortium. Varun Chandola was with the Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Minnesota, during the time of writing this NR 95 TC 60 Z9 64 U1 5 U2 62 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1314 USA SN 1041-4347 EI 1558-2191 J9 IEEE T KNOWL DATA EN JI IEEE Trans. Knowl. Data Eng. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 24 IS 5 BP 823 EP 839 DI 10.1109/TKDE.2010.235 PG 17 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Information Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA 911VD UT WOS:000301746800005 ER PT J AU Chen, RH Li, ZL Phuoc, TX AF Chen, Ruey-Hung Li, Zhiliang Phuoc, Tran X. TI Propagation and stability characteristics of laminar lifted diffusion flame base SO COMBUSTION AND FLAME LA English DT Article DE Flame lift-off; Stabilization; Triple flame; Flame base; Flame propagation speed; Damkohler number ID TURBULENT JET FLAMES; TRIPLE FLAME; STABILIZATION MECHANISMS; NONPREMIXED JET; HEAT RELEASE; FUEL JETS; LIFTOFF; EDGE AB Numerical calculations of the flame propagation speed and the Damkohler number (Da) at laminar lifted flame base were carried out. The results are intended for further understanding the propagation and the Damkohler mechanisms for flame stabilization, with the former based on a tribrachial flame propagating against the local flow velocity and the latter based on the competition between the reaction time and local residence time of the peak reaction zone. Propane fuel without and with dilution (40% helium and argon, by volume) was used, while the reaction scheme adopted was the one-step irreversible Arrhenius kinetics (see Li et al., Combust. Flame 157 (2010) 1484-1495) which proved successful in predicting the flame lift-off height and effects of thermal expansion and multi-component diffusion. The results reported in this paper show that the flame base propagation speed is up to approximately four times of the one-dimensional stoichiometric flame speed of the fuels used, depending on where the propagation front is defined. These results are compared with previously published experimental and theoretical results from laminar and turbulent diffusion flames. It is found that the flame base propagation speed (V-p) increases in the downstream direction as a result of increasing jet velocity (V-o) under most flame conditions, providing a stabilizing mechanism. However, there exist conditions where V-p decreases while the flame stabilizes. The flame base Damkohler number (Da) always increases as the flame liftoff height increases (resulting from increasing jet velocity). Da is here defined as ratio of peak reaction rate of the reaction kernel (RR) to the flame stretch rate (k) determined at the intersection of the reaction kernel (approximately coinciding with the 2000 K isotherm) and the stoichiometric contour. The value of Da appears to be of the order of 10(-3) for the three fuels studied, and the increasing trend of Da with the lift-off height also helps to explain the flame stabilization. (C) 2012 The Combustion Institute. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Chen, Ruey-Hung; Li, Zhiliang] Univ Cent Florida, Mech Mat & Aerosp Engn Dept, Orlando, FL 32816 USA. [Phuoc, Tran X.] US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. RP Chen, RH (reprint author), Univ Cent Florida, Mech Mat & Aerosp Engn Dept, 4000 Cent Florida Blvd, Orlando, FL 32816 USA. EM chenrh@mail.ucf.edu FU Florida Center for Advanced Aero-Propulsion (FCAAP) FX This study was partially supported by funding from Florida Center for Advanced Aero-Propulsion (FCAAP). NR 38 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 16 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0010-2180 J9 COMBUST FLAME JI Combust. Flame PD MAY PY 2012 VL 159 IS 5 BP 1821 EP 1831 DI 10.1016/j.combustflame.2012.01.016 PG 11 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 911DS UT WOS:000301698100005 ER PT J AU Lanzisera, S Nordman, B Brown, RE AF Lanzisera, Steven Nordman, Bruce Brown, Richard E. TI Data network equipment energy use and savings potential in buildings SO ENERGY EFFICIENCY LA English DT Article DE Network equipment energy use; Ethernet energy use; IP networks; Energy efficiency AB Network connectivity has become nearly ubiquitous, and the energy use of the equipment required for this connectivity is growing. Network equipment consists of devices that primarily switch and route Internet Protocol (IP) packets from a source to a destination, and this category specifically excludes edge devices like PCs, servers and other sources, and sinks of IP traffic. This paper presents the results of a study of network equipment energy use and includes case studies of networks in a campus, a medium commercial building, and a typical home. The total energy use of network equipment is the product of the stock of equipment in use, the power of each device, and their usage patterns. This information was gathered from market research reports, broadband market penetration studies, field metering, and interviews with network administrators and service providers. We estimate that network equipment in the USA used 18 TWh, or about 1% of building electricity, in 2008 and that consumption is expected to grow at roughly 6% per year to 23 TWh in 2012; world usage in 2008 was 51 TWh. This study shows that office building network switches and residential equipment are the two largest categories of energy use consuming 40% and 30% of the total respectively. We estimate potential energy savings for different scenarios using forecasts of equipment stock and energy use, and savings estimates range from 20% to 50% based on full market penetration of efficient technologies. C1 [Lanzisera, Steven; Nordman, Bruce; Brown, Richard E.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Lanzisera, S (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM smlanzisera@lbl.gov; bnordman@lbl.gov; rebrown@lbl.gov NR 15 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 7 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1570-646X J9 ENERG EFFIC JI Energy Effic. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 5 IS 2 BP 149 EP 162 DI 10.1007/s12053-011-9136-4 PG 14 WC GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY; Energy & Fuels; Environmental Studies SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 909ZB UT WOS:000301605600001 ER PT J AU Park, AJ Fujimoto, RM AF Park, Alfred J. Fujimoto, Richard M. TI Efficient Master/Worker Parallel Discrete Event Simulation on Metacomputing Systems SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PARALLEL AND DISTRIBUTED SYSTEMS LA English DT Article DE Discrete event simulation; metacomputing systems; parallel and distributed simulation; simulation support systems; master/worker AB The master/worker (MW) paradigm can be used as an approach to parallel discrete event simulation (PDES) on metacomputing systems. MW PDES applications incur overheads not found in conventional PDES executions executing on tightly coupled machines. We introduce four optimization techniques in MW PDES systems on public resource and desktop grid infrastructures. Work unit caching, pipelined state updates, expedited message delivery, and adaptive work unit scheduling mechanisms in the context of MW PDES are described. These optimizations provide significant performance benefits when used in tandem. We present results showing that an optimized MW PDES system using these techniques can exhibit performance comparable to a traditional PDES system for queueing network and particle physics simulation applications while providing execution capability across metacomputing systems. C1 [Park, Alfred J.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Computat Sci & Engn Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Fujimoto, Richard M.] Georgia Inst Technol, Coll Comp, Computat Sci & Engn Div, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. RP Park, AJ (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Computat Sci & Engn Div, POB 2008,MS6085, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM parkaj@ornl.gov; fujimoto@cc.gatech.edu FU NSF [ATM-0326431] FX Funding for this research was provided by NSF Grant ATM-0326431. This submission was written by the author acting in their own independent capacity and not on behalf of UT-Battelle, LLC, or its affiliates or successors. NR 8 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 11 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1314 USA SN 1045-9219 EI 1558-2183 J9 IEEE T PARALL DISTR JI IEEE Trans. Parallel Distrib. Syst. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 23 IS 5 BP 873 EP 880 DI 10.1109/TPDS.2011.207 PG 8 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA 913PR UT WOS:000301890400009 ER PT J AU Henry, JM Kimball, JW AF Henry, Jordan M. Kimball, Jonathan W. TI Switched-Capacitor Converter State Model Generator SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER ELECTRONICS LA English DT Article DE DC-DC converter; switched-capacitor (SC) converter ID DC-DC CONVERTERS; OPTIMIZATION; CIRCUITS; DESIGN AB Efficient analysis techniques for complex switched-capacitor (SC) converters are essential design tools for the development of practical SC converters. Techniques that use state-space equations based on conventional circuit analysis methods have proven effective in modeling the practical performance of SC converters. Iterative methods of design based on these analysis techniques require the formulation of many Kirchhoff voltage and current equations, which is time consuming if derived manually. Here, an algorithm is introduced to automate the creating of the matrices required for state-space-based modeling of SC converters. The state equations are generated algorithmically, given a standard node incidence matrix generated from a user-defined netlist. The algorithm enables a designer to quickly iterate SC converter design solutions based on their predicted performance. The resulting models are compared against manually generated models, simulations, and experimental results. C1 [Henry, Jordan M.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Kimball, Jonathan W.] Missouri Univ Sci & Technol, Rolla, MO 65409 USA. RP Henry, JM (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM jordanhenrym@gmail.com; kimballjw@mst.edu OI Kimball, Jonathan/0000-0002-4061-2007 FU National Science Foundation [ECCS-0900940] FX This work was supported by the National Science Foundation under award ECCS-0900940. Recommended for publication by Associate Editor J. A. Cobos. NR 21 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0885-8993 J9 IEEE T POWER ELECTR JI IEEE Trans. Power Electron. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 27 IS 5 BP 2415 EP 2425 DI 10.1109/TPEL.2011.2173953 PG 11 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA 904KW UT WOS:000301195600019 ER PT J AU Wong, PC Foote, H Mackey, P Chin, G Huang, ZY Thomas, J AF Wong, Pak Chung Foote, Harlan Mackey, Patrick Chin, George Huang, Zhenyu Thomas, Jim TI A Space-Filling Visualization Technique for Multivariate Small-World Graphs SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON VISUALIZATION AND COMPUTER GRAPHICS LA English DT Article DE Data and knowledge visualization; information visualization; visualization techniques and methodologies AB We introduce an information visualization technique, known as GreenCurve, for large multivariate sparse graphs that exhibit small-world properties. Our fractal-based design approach uses spatial cues to approximate the node connections and thus eliminates the links between the nodes in the visualization. The paper describes a robust algorithm to order the neighboring nodes of a large sparse graph by solving the Fiedler vector of its graph Laplacian, and then fold the graph nodes into a space-filling fractal curve based on the Fiedler vector. The result is a highly compact visualization that gives a succinct overview of the graph with guaranteed visibility of every graph node. GreenCurve is designed with the power grid infrastructure in mind. It is intended for use in conjunction with other visualization techniques to support electric power grid operations. The research and development of GreenCurve was conducted in collaboration with domain experts who understand the challenges and possibilities intrinsic to the power grid infrastructure. The paper reports a case study on applying GreenCurve to a power grid problem and presents a usability study to evaluate the design claims that we set forth. C1 [Wong, Pak Chung; Foote, Harlan; Mackey, Patrick; Chin, George; Huang, Zhenyu; Thomas, Jim] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Wong, PC (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, 902 Battelle Blvd,POB 999,MSIN J4-32, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM pak.wong@pnl.gov; patrick.mackey@pnl.gov; george.chin@pnl.gov; zhenyu.huang@pnl.gov FU National Visualization and Analytics Center(TM) (NVAC(TM)) at the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory in Richland, WA; US Department of Energy Office of Electricity Delivery and Energy Reliability (DOE-OE); US Department of Homeland Security (DHS) Science and Technology (ST) Division [DE-AC05-76RL01830] FX This work has been supported by the National Visualization and Analytics Center (TM) (NVAC (TM)) located at the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory in Richland, WA and the US Department of Energy Office of Electricity Delivery and Energy Reliability (DOE-OE). NVAC is sponsored by the US Department of Homeland Security (DHS) Science and Technology (S&T) Division. The Pacific Northwest National Laboratory is managed for the US Department of Energy by Battelle Memorial Institute under Contract DE-AC05-76RL01830. We would like to dedicate this paper to the lives and accomplishments of our colleagues, Jim Thomas and Harlan Foote. NR 36 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 3 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1314 USA SN 1077-2626 J9 IEEE T VIS COMPUT GR JI IEEE Trans. Vis. Comput. Graph. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 18 IS 5 BP 797 EP 809 DI 10.1109/TVCG.2011.99 PG 13 WC Computer Science, Software Engineering SC Computer Science GA 904YB UT WOS:000301234200012 PM 22442128 ER PT J AU Rohatgi, A Stephens, EV Davies, RW Smith, MT Soulami, A Ahzi, S AF Rohatgi, Aashish Stephens, Elizabeth V. Davies, Richard W. Smith, Mark T. Soulami, Ayoub Ahzi, Said TI Electro-hydraulic forming of sheet metals: Free-forming vs. conical-die forming SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Electro-hydraulic forming; High strain-rate; Conical die; Formability; Digital image correlation; Light-weight ID ALUMINUM; FORMABILITY; VELOCITY; ALLOYS AB This work builds upon our recent advances in quantifying high-rate deformation behavior of sheet metals, during electro-hydraulic forming (EHF), using high-speed imaging and digital image correlation techniques. Aluminum alloy AA5182-O and DP600 steel sheets (1 mm thick, similar to 152 mm diameter) were EHF deformed by high-energy (up to similar to 34 kJ) pressure-pulse in an open die (free-forming) and inside a conical die. The deformation history (velocity, strain, strain-rate, and strain-path) at the apex of the formed domes was quantified and analyzed. The data shows that the use of a die in the EHF process resulted in an amplification, relative to free-forming conditions, of the out-of-plane normal velocity and in-plane strain-rate at the dome apex. This amplification is attributed to the focusing action of the die on account of its conical geometry. Further, while the strain-path at the dome apex was generally linear and proportional, the use of a die resulted in greater strain at the apex relative to the strain during free-forming. The sheet deformation profile in the ENE process was found to be different from that previously observed in electromagnetic forming (EMF) and, thus, the two processes are expected to result in different strain-paths and formability. It is anticipated that quantitative information of the sheet deformation history, made possible by the experimental technique developed in this work, will improve our understanding of the roles of strain-rate and sheet-die interactions in enhancing the sheet metal formability during high-rate forming. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Rohatgi, Aashish; Stephens, Elizabeth V.; Davies, Richard W.; Smith, Mark T.; Soulami, Ayoub] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Ahzi, Said] Univ Strasbourg, Inst Mecan Fluides & Solides, F-67000 Strasbourg, France. RP Rohatgi, A (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, 902 Battelle Blvd,POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM aashish.rohatgi@pnnl.gov; elizabeth.stephens@pnnl.gov; rich.davies@pnnl.gov; mark.smith@pnnl.gov; ayoub.soulami@pnnl.gov; ahzi@imfs.u-strasbg.fr FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC05-76RL01830]; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Vehicle Technologies FX The Pacific Northwest National Laboratory is operated by Battelle Memorial Institute for the U.S. Department of Energy under contract DE-AC05-76RL01830. This work was sponsored by Drs. Joseph Carpenter and Carol Schutte in association with the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Vehicle Technologies, as part of the Lightweight Materials program. The authors are thankful to S.F. Golovashchenko (Ford), J.F. Quinn and J.R. Bradley (General Motors), and A. Desai and D.J. Zhou (Chrysler) for their suggestions. Capacitor banks' operational guidance provided by J. Johnson (Bonneville Power Administration), and technical support provided by G.L. Vanarsdale (Science Applications International Corporation) and PNNL staff (M.E. Dahl, K.F. Mattlin, P.A. Boyd, and C.A. Bone-brake) is gratefully acknowledged. Technical support, to operate the cameras and image analysis using DIC software, provided by Alistair Tofts and Hubert Schreier at Correlated Solutions is also acknowledged. NR 24 TC 14 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 13 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0924-0136 J9 J MATER PROCESS TECH JI J. Mater. Process. Technol. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 212 IS 5 BP 1070 EP 1079 DI 10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2011.12.014 PG 10 WC Engineering, Industrial; Engineering, Manufacturing; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Materials Science GA 910YV UT WOS:000301685400009 ER PT J AU Nelson, GJ Cassenti, BN Peracchio, AA Chiu, WKS AF Nelson, George J. Cassenti, Brice N. Peracchio, Aldo A. Chiu, Wilson K. S. TI Two-dimensional charge transfer and space charge effects in extended surface solid oxide fuel cell electrodes SO JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES LA English DT Article DE Solid oxide fuel cell; Heterogeneous functional materials; Transport phenomena; Electrode microstructure ID MONTE-CARLO SIMULATIONS; COMPOSITE ELECTRODES; INTERMEDIATE TEMPERATURE; SOFC ELECTRODES; AIR CATHODES; CONDUCTIVITY; POLARIZATION; PERFORMANCE; TRANSPORT; MODEL AB The microstructural morphology of solid oxide fuel cell electrodes has been noted to impact electrode performance, particularly with respect to charge transfer. Drawing on thermal fin analysis, an analytical modeling concept has been applied to charge transport within the SOFC electrode microstructure. This approach has the ability to account for variable cross-section solid geometry and replicates experimentally observed behavior related to SOFC electrode sintering quality. Microstructural geometries simulated by periodic structures composed of iterated base units with variable cross-section are investigated using two approaches: an axisymmetric one-dimensional analytical model and an axisymmetric two-dimensional finite element model. The one-dimensional analytical approach can account for the role of microstructural geometry without space charge effects that arise at particle contacts within the microstructure. The finite element model has been developed to enable consideration of the effects of two-dimensional transport and space charge regions near particle contact points. This more detailed model is used to benchmark the one-dimensional axisymmetric approach. Comparison of the one-dimensional and two-dimensional results demonstrates the predictive capabilities of the simplified approach. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Nelson, George J.; Cassenti, Brice N.; Peracchio, Aldo A.; Chiu, Wilson K. S.] Univ Connecticut, DOE Energy Frontier Res Ctr, Dept Mech Engn, HeteroFoaM Ctr, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. RP Chiu, WKS (reprint author), Univ Connecticut, DOE Energy Frontier Res Ctr, Dept Mech Engn, HeteroFoaM Ctr, 191 Auditorium Rd, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. EM wchiu@engr.uconn.edu FU Energy Frontier Research Center on Science Based Nano-Structure Design and Synthesis of Heterogeneous Functional Materials for Energy Systems (HeteroFoaM Center); U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-SC0001061] FX Financial support from an Energy Frontier Research Center on Science Based Nano-Structure Design and Synthesis of Heterogeneous Functional Materials for Energy Systems (HeteroFoaM Center) funded by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences (Award DE-SC0001061) is gratefully acknowledged. The authors are grateful to Prof. Anil V. Virkar at the University of Utah for invaluable discussions on SOFC microstructure and conductivity measurements. NR 22 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 14 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-7753 J9 J POWER SOURCES JI J. Power Sources PD MAY 1 PY 2012 VL 205 BP 48 EP 56 DI 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2012.01.009 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science GA 912VA UT WOS:000301828300005 ER PT J AU Powell, M Meinhardt, K Sprenkle, V Chick, L McVay, G AF Powell, Mike Meinhardt, Kerry Sprenkle, Vince Chick, Larry McVay, Gary TI Demonstration of a highly efficient solid oxide fuel cell power system using adiabatic steam reforming and anode gas recirculation SO JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES LA English DT Article DE Solid oxide fuel cell; Power system; Steam reforming; Distributed generation; High efficiency; Methane ID SOFC SYSTEM; NATURAL-GAS; SIMULATION; GENERATION; STACK; UNIT AB Solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) are being developed for a wide variety of applications because of their high efficiency over a wide range of power levels. Applications for SOFCs include 1-2 kW residential combined heat and power applications, 100-250 kW systems for distributed generation and grid extension, and megawatt-scale power plants utilizing coal. This paper reports on the development of a highly efficient, small-scale SOFC power system operating on methane. The system uses adiabatic steam reforming of methane and anode gas recirculation to achieve high net electrical efficiency. The heat and water required for the endothermic reforming reaction are provided by the recirculated anode gas emerging from the SOFC stack. Although the single-pass fuel utilization is only about 55%, because of the anode gas recirculation the overall fuel utilization is up to 93%. The demonstrated system achieved net power output of 1650-2150W with a maximum net LHV efficiency of 0.566 at 1720W. Overall system efficiency could be further improved to over 0.60 with use of properly sized blowers. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Powell, Mike; Meinhardt, Kerry; Sprenkle, Vince; Chick, Larry; McVay, Gary] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Chick, L (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM michael.powell@pnnl.gov; k.meinhardt@pnnl.gov; Vincent.Sprenkle@pnnl.gov; larry.chick@pnnl.gov; gary.mcvay@pnnl.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy Office of Fossil Energy FX The authors wish to thank the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Fossil Energy for supporting this work. NR 34 TC 41 Z9 42 U1 0 U2 35 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-7753 J9 J POWER SOURCES JI J. Power Sources PD MAY 1 PY 2012 VL 205 BP 377 EP 384 DI 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2012.01.098 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science GA 912VA UT WOS:000301828300049 ER PT J AU Cho, JH Li, XL Picraux, ST AF Cho, Jeong-Hyun Li, Xianglong Picraux, S. Tom TI The effect of metal silicide formation on silicon nanowire-based lithium-ion battery anode capacity SO JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES LA English DT Article DE Anode; Chemical vapor deposition; Lithium-ion battery; Metal suicide; Silicon nanowire ID PERFORMANCE; CELLS; ELECTRODES; ALLOYS AB There is great interest in one-dimensional (1D) nanostructures that allow lateral relaxation and can be used to reduce pulverization of a silicon-based anode material. However, the growth of high density arrays of silicon nanowires (SiNWs) on metal current collectors using a chemical vapor deposition (CVD) processing is challenging due to competing metal silicide formation during the Si nanowire growth process. An issue with the metal silicide formation is that Si is consumed and this reduces the overall specific capacity as well as the rate capability of a silicon nanowire-based anode material. Here, we demonstrate high density, electrically contacted Si nanowire growth on stainless steel substrates (metal current collectors) with minimal unwanted substrate-silicide formation for high Li ion battery performance. These high-purity silicon nanowire-based anodes show average high specific capacities of 3670 mA h g(-1) at 0.2 C and 3448 mA h g(-1) at 0.5 C over 40 cycles. Moreover, the high-purity silicon nanowires are demonstrated to reach extremely high capacities at high cycle rates (1912 mA h g(-1) and 997 mA h g(-1) at 10 C and 20 C, respectively). (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Cho, Jeong-Hyun; Li, Xianglong; Picraux, S. Tom] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Integrated Nanotechnol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Cho, JH (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Integrated Nanotechnol, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM jcho@lanl.gov; picraux@lanl.gov RI Li, Xianglong/A-9010-2010 OI Li, Xianglong/0000-0002-6200-1178 FU Nanostructures for Electrical Energy Storage, an Energy Frontier Research Center; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science. Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DESC0001160]; National Nuclear Security Administration of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC52-06NA25396] FX This material is based upon work supported as part of the Nanostructures for Electrical Energy Storage, an Energy Frontier Research Center funded by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science. Office of Basic Energy Sciences under Award Number DESC0001160. The work was performed, in part, at the Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, a U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences user facility. Los Alamos National Laboratory, an affirmative action equal opportunity employer, is operated by Los Alamos National Security, LLC, for the National Nuclear Security Administration of the U.S. Department of Energy under contract DE-AC52-06NA25396. NR 28 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 66 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-7753 J9 J POWER SOURCES JI J. Power Sources PD MAY 1 PY 2012 VL 205 BP 467 EP 473 DI 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2012.01.037 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science GA 912VA UT WOS:000301828300062 ER PT J AU Rao, MM Song, XY Cairns, EJ AF Rao, Mumin Song, Xiangyun Cairns, Elton J. TI Nano-carbon/sulfur composite cathode materials with carbon nanofiber as electrical conductor for advanced secondary lithium/sulfur cells SO JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES LA English DT Article DE Lithium/sulfur cell; Carbon nanofiber; Carbon particle; Nanocomposite; Lithium battery ID ELECTROCHEMICAL PERFORMANCE; SULFUR BATTERIES; ELECTROLYTE AB A carbon particle supported sulfur (C-S) composite cathode material was prepared by a chemical deposition method in an aqueous solution. The performance of the C-S cathode material with carbon particles (CP) and carbon nanofibers (CNFs) as electrical conductors and CMC + SBR as binder was evaluated in Li/S cells using cyclic voltammetry, constant current cycling, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The C-S material and the electrodes were examined by scanning electron microscopy. It is found that the C-S cathode with CNFs shows improvement of not only discharge capacity but also cycling durability. It exhibits an initial discharge capacity of 1200 mAh g(-1), or 72% of theoretical, and retains 668 mAh g(-1), or 40% of the sulfur theoretical capacity after 50 cycles. The C-S electrode with CNFs has a three-dimensional network structure with regular pores, which can suppress the agglomeration of sulfur or lithium sulfide. Thus, the cell performance is improved. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Rao, Mumin; Cairns, Elton J.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Rao, Mumin; Song, Xiangyun; Cairns, Elton J.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Environm Energy Technol Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Cairns, EJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM ejcairns@lbl.gov RI Cairns, Elton/E-8873-2012 OI Cairns, Elton/0000-0002-1179-7591 FU China Scholarship Council FX M.R. was partially supported by the China Scholarship Council while visiting the Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering at UC Berkeley. NR 26 TC 80 Z9 83 U1 11 U2 147 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-7753 J9 J POWER SOURCES JI J. Power Sources PD MAY 1 PY 2012 VL 205 BP 474 EP 478 DI 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2012.01.047 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science GA 912VA UT WOS:000301828300063 ER PT J AU Guo, BK Chi, MF Sun, XG Dai, S AF Guo, Bingkun Chi, Miaofang Sun, Xiao-Guang Dai, Sheng TI Mesoporous carbon-Cr2O3 composite as an anode material for lithium ion batteries SO JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES LA English DT Article DE Mesoporous carbon; Chromium oxide; Conversion reaction; Lithium ion battery ID NEGATIVE-ELECTRODE; PERFORMANCE; STORAGE; CAPACITY; CARBONS; FILMS; TEXTURE; OXIDES; CR2O3; CO3O4 AB Mesoporous carbon-Cr2O3 (M-C-Cr2O3) composite was prepared by co-assembly of in situ formed phenolic resin, chromium precursor, and Plutonic block copolymer under acidic conditions, followed by carbonization at 750 degrees C tinder Argon. The TEM results confirmed that the Cr2O3 nanoparticles, ranging from 10 to 20 nm, were well dispersed in the matrix of mesoporous carbon. The composite exhibited an initial reversible capacity of 710 mAh g(-1) and good cycling stability. which is mainly due to the synergic effects of carbons within the composites, i.e. confining the crystal growth of Cr2O3 during the high temperature treatment step and buffering the volume change of Cr2O3 during the cycling step. This composite material is a promising anode material for lithium ion batteries. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Guo, Bingkun; Sun, Xiao-Guang; Dai, Sheng] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Chi, Miaofang] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Dai, Sheng] Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RP Sun, XG (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM sunx@ornl.gov; dais@ornl.gov RI Guo, Bingkun/J-5774-2014; Chi, Miaofang/Q-2489-2015; Dai, Sheng/K-8411-2015 OI Chi, Miaofang/0000-0003-0764-1567; Dai, Sheng/0000-0002-8046-3931 FU U.S. Department of Energy's Office of Basic Energy Science, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering; UT Battelle, LLC; DOE VT; ORNL; DOE Office of Basic Energy Science FX The main part of this work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy's Office of Basic Energy Science, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering, under contract with UT Battelle, LLC. B.K.G. was supported by the DOE VT program. M.F.C. would like to thank the support of ORNL's SHaRE User Facility, which is sponsored by the DOE Office of Basic Energy Science. NR 31 TC 35 Z9 36 U1 11 U2 105 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-7753 J9 J POWER SOURCES JI J. Power Sources PD MAY 1 PY 2012 VL 205 BP 495 EP 499 DI 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2012.01.092 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science GA 912VA UT WOS:000301828300068 ER PT J AU Yu, YH Chen, BW Qi, W Li, XL Shin, Y Lei, CH Liu, J AF Yu, Yuehua Chen, Baowei Qi, Wen Li, Xiaolin Shin, Yongsoon Lei, Chenghong Liu, Jun TI Enzymatic conversion of CO2 to bicarbonate in functionalized mesoporous silica SO MICROPOROUS AND MESOPOROUS MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE Carbonic anhydrase; Functionalized mesoporous silica; Enzymatic activity; Carbon dioxide; Biocarbonate ID IMMOBILIZED CARBONIC-ANHYDRASE; NANOPOROUS SUPPORT; MOLECULAR-SIEVES; CONFINED SPACES; SEQUESTRATION; STABILIZATION; COMPONENTS; STABILITY; PROTEINS; SOLVENTS AB We report here a concept converting carbon dioxide to biocarbonate in a biomimetic nanoconfiguration. Carbonic anhydrase (CA), the fastest enzyme that can covert carbon dioxide to bicarbonate, can be spontaneously entrapped in carboxylic acid group-functionalized mesoporous silica (HOOC-FMS) with super-high loading density (up to 0.5 mg of protein/mg of FMS) in sharp contrast to normal porous silica. The binding of CA to HOOC-FMS resulted in a partial conformational change comparing to the enzyme free in solution, but it can be overcome with increased protein loading density. The higher the protein loading density, the less conformational change, hence the higher enzymatic activity and the higher enzyme immobilization efficiency (up to >60%). The released enzyme still displayed the native conformational structure and the same high enzymatic activity as that prior to the enzyme entrapment, indicating that the conformational change resulted from the electrostatic interaction of CA with HOOC-FMS was not permanent. This work may provide a new approach converting carbon dioxide to biocarbonate that can be integrated with the other part of biosynthesis process for the assimilation of carbon dioxide. (C) 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Yu, Yuehua; Chen, Baowei; Qi, Wen; Li, Xiaolin; Shin, Yongsoon; Lei, Chenghong; Liu, Jun] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Qi, Wen] Tianjin Univ, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Tianjin 300072, Peoples R China. RP Lei, CH (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM chenghong.lei@pnl.gov FU NIH National Institute of General Medical Sciences [R01GM080987]; office of Basic Energy Sciences of US Department of Energy [KC020105-FWP12152]; Transformational Materials Science Initiative of Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL); China Scholarship Council; U.S. Department of Energy by Battelle [DE-AC06-RLO1830] FX This work was supported by the NIH National Institute of General Medical Sciences (Grant Number R01GM080987) and the office of Basic Energy Sciences of US Department of Energy (Award Number KC020105-FWP12152) and the Transformational Materials Science Initiative of Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL). Wen Qi thanks the partially financial support from the China Scholarship Council. PNNL is operated for U.S. Department of Energy by Battelle under Contract DE-AC06-RLO1830. NR 34 TC 9 Z9 11 U1 8 U2 54 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1387-1811 EI 1873-3093 J9 MICROPOR MESOPOR MAT JI Microporous Mesoporous Mat. PD MAY 1 PY 2012 VL 153 BP 166 EP 170 DI 10.1016/j.micromeso.2011.12.005 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Applied; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA 910AK UT WOS:000301609400025 PM 22287934 ER PT J AU Thompson, JT Kelley, T Blain, E Haight, RC O'Donnell, JM Danon, Y AF Thompson, J. T. Kelley, T. Blain, E. Haight, R. C. O'Donnell, J. M. Danon, Y. TI Measurement of (n,alpha) reactions on Sm-147 and Sm-149 using a lead slowing-down spectrometer SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article DE (n,alpha); Lead slowing-down spectrometer; Digitizer; Compensated detectors; Samarium; Sm-147; Sm-149 ID CROSS-SECTIONS; THERMAL NEUTRONS; ISOTOPES AB The lead slowing-down spectrometer (LSDS) at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute (RPI) was used to extend previous measurements of the (n,alpha) cross section on Sm-147 and perform measurements on Sm-149 over the energy range 0.1 eV-10 keV. A compensated detector based on passivated implanted planar silicon (PIPS) detectors was constructed. Signals from two detectors were combined in opposite polarity and digitized providing a single detector capable of discriminating against capture gamma's and "gamma-flash" while preserving the discrete signals produced by a events and providing a simultaneous background measurement. Extrapolating the results predicts a 0.3 +/- 03 mbarn and 11.5 +/- 1.1 mbarn thermal neutron (n,alpha) cross section for Sm-147 and Sm-149, respectively. This measurement provides new information on (n,alpha) reaction cross sections. The method of measuring neutron induced charged particle emission cross sections presented here can be expanded to more isotopes of interest to reactor engineers or astrophysicists, as well as to (n,p) reactions. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Thompson, J. T.; Blain, E.; Danon, Y.] Rensselaer Polytech Inst, Dept Mech Aerosp & Nucl Engn, Troy, NY 12180 USA. [Kelley, T.] Rensselaer Polytech Inst, Dept Phys Appl Phys & Astrophys, Troy, NY 12180 USA. [Haight, R. C.; O'Donnell, J. M.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos Neutron Sci Ctr, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Thompson, JT (reprint author), Rensselaer Polytech Inst, Dept Mech Aerosp & Nucl Engn, Troy, NY 12180 USA. EM thompj@rpi.edu NR 25 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD MAY 1 PY 2012 VL 673 BP 16 EP 21 DI 10.1016/j.nima.2012.01.005 PG 6 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 912QA UT WOS:000301813500003 ER PT J AU VanDevender, BA Myers, LIBAW Amsbaugh, JF Howe, MA Leber, ML Robertson, RGH Tolich, K Van Wechel, TD Wall, BL AF VanDevender, B. A. Myers, L. I. Bodine A. W. Amsbaugh, J. F. Howe, M. A. Leber, M. L. Robertson, R. G. H. Tolich, K. Van Wechel, T. D. Wall, B. L. TI Performance of a TiN-coated monolithic silicon pin-diode array under mechanical stress SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article DE Silicon; Pin diode; Mechanical stress; Leakage current; Titanium nitride; Pogo pin AB The Karlsruhe Tritium Neutrino Experiment (KATRIN) will detect tritium beta-decay electrons that pass through its electromagnetic spectrometer with a highly segmented monolithic silicon pin-diode focal-plane detector (FPD). This pin-diode array will be on a single piece of 500-mu m-thick silicon, with contact between titanium nitride (TiN)-coated detector pixels and front-end electronics made by spring-loaded pogo pins. The pogo pins will exert a total force of up to 50 N on the detector, deforming it and resulting in mechanical stress up to 50 MPa in the silicon bulk. We have evaluated a prototype pin-diode array with a pogo-pin connection scheme similar to the KATRIN FPD. We find that pogo pins make good electrical contact to TIN and observe no effects on detector resolution or reverse-bias leakage current which can be attributed to mechanical stress. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Washington, Ctr Expt Nucl Phys & Astrophys, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Phys, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP VanDevender, BA (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99354 USA. EM brent.vandevender@pnnl.gov FU US Dept. of Energy Division of Nuclear Physics [DE-FG02-97ER41020] FX This research was supported by the US Dept. of Energy Division of Nuclear Physics through Grant DE-FG02-97ER41020. The authors wish to thank Marijke Keters, Mathieu Morelle and the rest of their team at Canberra in Olen, Belgium for technical support of this research and for the design and fabrication of KATRIN FPDs. NR 10 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD MAY 1 PY 2012 VL 673 BP 46 EP 50 DI 10.1016/j.nima.2012.01.033 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 912QA UT WOS:000301813500006 ER PT J AU He, L Chen, W Conzelmann, G AF He, Lin Chen, Wei Conzelmann, Guenter TI Impact of vehicle usage on consumer choice of hybrid electric vehicles SO TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH PART D-TRANSPORT AND ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Hybrid electric vehicle; Vehicle usage attributes; Automobile market segmentation; Discrete choice models ID DESIGN AB We analyze the vehicle usage and consumer profile attributes extracted from both National Household Travel Survey and Vehicle Quality Survey data to understand the impact of vehicle usage upon consumers choices of hybrid electric vehicles in the US. In addition, the key characteristics of hybrid vehicle drivers are identified to determine the market segmentations of hybrid electric vehicles and the critical attributes to include in the choice model. After a compatibility test of two datasets, a pooled choice model combining both data sources illustrates the significant influences of vehicle usage upon consumers' choices of hybrid electric vehicles. Even though the data-bases have in the past been used independently to study travel behavior and vehicle quality ratings, here we use them together. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [He, Lin; Chen, Wei] Northwestern Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Integrated Design Automat Lab, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. [Conzelmann, Guenter] Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Energy Environm & Econ Syst Anal, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Chen, W (reprint author), Northwestern Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Integrated Design Automat Lab, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. EM weichen@northwestern.edu RI Chen, Wei/B-7574-2009 FU National Science Foundation [CMMI-0700585, DUE-0920047]; Initiative for Sustainability and Energy at Northwestern FX Grant support from National Science Foundation (CMMI-0700585 and DUE-0920047) and from the Initiative for Sustainability and Energy at Northwestern are greatly appreciated. NR 10 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 17 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1361-9209 J9 TRANSPORT RES D-TR E JI Transport. Res. Part D-Transport. Environ. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 17 IS 3 BP 208 EP 214 DI 10.1016/j.trd.2011.11.005 PG 7 WC Environmental Studies; Transportation; Transportation Science & Technology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Transportation GA 909IU UT WOS:000301559000004 ER PT J AU Galletti, M Zrnic, DS AF Galletti, Michele Zrnic, Dusan S. TI Degree of Polarization at Simultaneous Transmit: Theoretical Aspects SO IEEE GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Copolar correlation coefficient; degree of polarization at simultaneous transmit; differential reflectivity; simultaneous transmission mode ID DIFFERENTIAL REFLECTIVITY; ERROR ANALYSIS; WEATHER RADAR; RADIATION AB We consider weather radar measurements at simultaneous transmission and simultaneous reception of horizontal and vertical polarizations and show that the degree of polarization at simultaneous transmit (p(s)) is related to differential reflectivity and copolar correlation coefficient at simultaneous transmit (namely, Z(DR)(s) and rho(s)(hv)). We evaluate the potential of degree of polarization at simultaneous transmit for weather radar applications. Ultimately, we explore the consequences of adjusting the transmit polarization state of dual-polarization weather radars to circular polarization. C1 [Galletti, Michele] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Environm Sci, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Zrnic, Dusan S.] NOAA, Natl Severe Storms Lab, Norman, OK 73072 USA. RP Galletti, M (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Environm Sci, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM mgalletti@bnl.gov; dusan.zrnic@noaa.gov NR 21 TC 3 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 3 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 1545-598X J9 IEEE GEOSCI REMOTE S JI IEEE Geosci. Remote Sens. Lett. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 9 IS 3 BP 383 EP 387 DI 10.1109/LGRS.2011.2170150 PG 5 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 904YV UT WOS:000301236900013 ER PT J AU Edson, JB Macomber, CS Pivovar, BS Boncella, JM AF Edson, Joseph B. Macomber, Clay S. Pivovar, Bryan S. Boncella, James M. TI Hydroxide based decomposition pathways of alkyltrimethylammonium cations SO JOURNAL OF MEMBRANE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Tetraalkylammoniumcations; Decomposition; Fuel cell membranes; Evolved gas analysis ID ANION-EXCHANGE MEMBRANES; ALKALINE FUEL-CELLS; DEGRADATION; POLYMERIZATION; MECHANISM; POLYMERS; CATHODES; AFCS AB A systematic study that altered the number of beta-hydrogen atoms susceptible to Hofmann elimination and introduced increased steric hindrance of substituted (ethyl, n-propyl, isobutyl, and neopentyl) alkyltrimethylammonium cations was performed. The mechanism of the thermal decomposition of these four ammonium cations in deuteroxide form was studied using evolved gas analysis (EGA) because of their potential importance in alkaline membrane fuel cells or electrolyzers. The products of the decomposition reactions are in many cases the expected Hofmann elimination products (trimethylamine and olefins), however, as the number of beta-hydrogen atoms decrease or they become more sterically encumbered (from the addition of adjacent methyl groups), nucleophilic attack of hydroxide on the methyl groups increases in relative importance. The use of deuterated water and deuteroxide in our study shows that deprotonation of the tetraalkylammonium ions establishes a rapid equilibrium between the nitrogen ylide species that is formed by methyl group deprotonation and water that scrambles deuterium into the methyl groups of the amine. The results of this work show that at high temperature and low water content tetraalkylammonium hydroxide salts are relatively unstable in membranes. (c) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Edson, Joseph B.; Boncella, James M.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Mat Phys & Applicat Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Macomber, Clay S.; Pivovar, Bryan S.] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Boncella, JM (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Mat Phys & Applicat Div, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM boncella@lanl.gov OI Boncella, James/0000-0001-8393-392X FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Science and Engineering [DE-AC36-08GO28308] FX This project was funded by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Science and Engineering and contract # DE-AC36-08GO28308 to NREL. NR 30 TC 47 Z9 48 U1 3 U2 78 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0376-7388 J9 J MEMBRANE SCI JI J. Membr. Sci. PD MAY 1 PY 2012 VL 399 BP 49 EP 59 DI 10.1016/j.memsci.2012.01.025 PG 11 WC Engineering, Chemical; Polymer Science SC Engineering; Polymer Science GA 904II UT WOS:000301187700007 ER PT J AU TeGrotenhuis, WE Humble, PH Sweeney, JB AF TeGrotenhuis, W. E. Humble, P. H. Sweeney, J. B. TI Simulation of a high efficiency multi-bed adsorption heat pump SO APPLIED THERMAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE Heat pump; Adsorption; Ammonia; Carbon; Recuperation; High efficiency ID MONOLITHIC CARBON; REFRIGERATION; AMMONIA; PERFORMANCE; ENERGY; CYCLES; PAIR; ICE AB Attaining high energy efficiency with adsorption heat pumps is challenging due to thermodynamic losses that occur when the sorbent beds are thermally cycled without effective heat recuperation. The multi-bed concept described here enables high efficiency by effectively transferring heat from beds being cooled to beds being heated. A simplified lumped-parameter model and detailed finite element analysis are used to simulate a sorption compressor, which is used to project the overall heat pump coefficient of performance. Results are presented for ammonia refrigerant and a nano-structured monolithic carbon sorbent specifically modified for the application. The effects of bed geometry and number of beds on system performance are explored, and the majority of the performance benefit is obtained with four beds. Results indicate that a COP of 1.24 based on heat input is feasible at AHRI standard test conditions for residential HVAC equipment. When compared on a basis of primary energy input, performance equivalent to SEER 13 or 14 are theoretically attainable with this system. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [TeGrotenhuis, W. E.; Humble, P. H.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Microprod Breakthrough Inst, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Sweeney, J. B.] ATMI, Danbury, CT 06810 USA. RP TeGrotenhuis, WE (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Microprod Breakthrough Inst, POB 999 MSIN K6-28, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM ward.tegrotenhuis@pnl.gov RI Humble, Paul/K-1961-2012; Humble, Paul/E-4766-2015 OI Humble, Paul/0000-0002-2632-6557; NR 26 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 14 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-4311 J9 APPL THERM ENG JI Appl. Therm. Eng. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 37 BP 176 EP 182 DI 10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2011.11.012 PG 7 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering; Mechanics GA 902GM UT WOS:000301026600022 ER PT J AU Zhai, P Williams, ED AF Zhai, Pei Williams, Eric D. TI Analyzing consumer acceptance of photovoltaics (PV) using fuzzy logic model SO RENEWABLE ENERGY LA English DT Article DE Consumer acceptance; Photovoltaic; Survey; Fuzzy logic ID SOCIAL ACCEPTANCE; ELECTRICITY; SYSTEMS; INNOVATION; DIFFUSION; POWER AB Consumer perception could play an important role in the adoption of renewable energy technologies. This study aims to explore the role of consumer acceptance and model its effect on residential photovoltaic (PV) adoption. A survey was conducted to understand consumer perceptions of the technology (perception variables), such as perceived cost, perceived maintenance requirement, and environmental concern. To further investigate the adoption potential of residential PV, this paper develops a fuzzy logic inference model to relate consumer perception variables (inputs to the model) to their purchasing probability (output from the model). This model is tested in a case study of residential PV adoption using data from a survey of homeowners in Arizona, United States. The quantitative results of the model demonstrate the role of each perception variable in the consumer acceptance of PV. Public has tended to emphasize on the role of cost reduction in promoting the adoption of residential PV. The results of this study show that other issues such as maintenance requirement and environmental concern are also important. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Zhai, Pei] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Environm Energy Technol Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Williams, Eric D.] Rochester Inst Technol, Golisano Inst Sustainabil, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. RP Zhai, P (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Environm Energy Technol Div, 1 Cyclotron Rd,Bldg 90,MS4000, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM pzhai@lbl.gov RI Williams, Eric/J-4282-2012; OI Williams, Eric/0000-0002-6352-2928 FU National Science Foundation Office of Emerging Frontiers in Research and Innovation (EFRI) [0836046] FX This research is supported by the National Science Foundation Office of Emerging Frontiers in Research and Innovation (EFRI) (grant #0836046) NR 21 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 22 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0960-1481 J9 RENEW ENERG JI Renew. Energy PD MAY PY 2012 VL 41 BP 350 EP 357 DI 10.1016/j.renene.2011.11.041 PG 8 WC GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY; Energy & Fuels SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Energy & Fuels GA 902HQ UT WOS:000301029600040 ER PT J AU Kim, T Khangaonkar, T AF Kim, Taeyun Khangaonkar, Tarang TI An offline unstructured biogeochemical model (UBM) for complex estuarine and coastal environments SO ENVIRONMENTAL MODELLING & SOFTWARE LA English DT Article DE Biogeochemical model; Hypoxia; Unstructured-grid; FVCOM; CE-QUAL-ICM; Hood Canal ID WATER-QUALITY; RIVER ESTUARY; OCEAN MODEL; PUGET-SOUND; CIRCULATION; HYPOXIA; EUTROPHICATION; WASHINGTON; EQUATIONS; DYNAMICS AB Due to increased pollutant loads and water use from coastal development and population growth, occurrences of low-dissolved oxygen and "hypoxic zones" have increased. Reports of fish kills and water quality impairment are also becoming more frequent in many coastal waters. Water quality managers and regulatory agencies rely on numerical modeling tools to quantify the relative contributions of anthropogenic and "natural" pollutant loads (nutrients and biochemical oxygen demand) on dissolved oxygen levels and use the results for remedial activities and source control. The ability to conduct season-long simulations with sufficient nearshore resolution is therefore a key requirement. Mesh flexibility and the ability to increase site specific resolution without disturbing the larger domain setup and calibration are critical. The objective of this effort was to develop a robust biogeochemical model suitable for simulation of water quality dynamics including dissolved oxygen in complex coastal environments with multiple tidal channels, tidal flats, and density-driven circulation using unstructured-grid formulation. This paper presents an offline unstructured biogeochemical model that uses the Finite Volume Coastal Ocean Model (FVCOM) discretization of the study domain and the corresponding hydrodynamic solution to drive biogeochemical kinetics based on a water quality model CE-QUAL-ICM. In this paper, the linkage between selected hydrodynamic and water quality models is subjected to several scalar transport and biogeochemical module tests (plume transport and dilution, BOD/DO sag, and phytoplankton/nutrients reaction), and results are compared to their analytical solutions as part of model validation. A preliminary application of the biogeochemical model with a year-long simulation of Hood Canal basin in Puget Sound, USA, is presented as an example and a test of the tool in a real estuary setting. The model reproduced the dynamics and seasonal variations in the biogeochemical state variables and was used to test short-term wind-driven dynamics that could influence dissolved oxygen concentrations in Hood Canal. Crown Copyright (C) 2011 Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Kim, Taeyun; Khangaonkar, Tarang] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Seattle, WA 98109 USA. RP Kim, T (reprint author), Korea Environm Inst, 290 Jinheungno, Seoul 122706, South Korea. EM kimty@kei.re.kr FU Washington State Department of Ecology, USEPA, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory; DOE EERE FX This research was funded by the Washington State Department of Ecology, USEPA, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, and DOE EERE. Dr. Changsheng Chen and his research group at the University of Massachusetts conducted the initial model development of the biogeochemical offline coupling to CE-QUAL-ICM in collaboration with Dr. Carl Cerco and Dr. Sung Chan Kim of the U.S. Army Corps Engineers. The work was taken to completion through further improvement, testing, and validation at PNNL in consultation with the University of Massachusetts and U.S. Army Corps Engineers. The helpful suggestions and recommendations provided by Dr. Zhaoqing Yang and Rochelle Labiosa of PNNL are highly appreciated by the authors. NR 56 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 3 U2 18 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1364-8152 J9 ENVIRON MODELL SOFTW JI Environ. Modell. Softw. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 31 BP 47 EP 63 DI 10.1016/j.envsoft.2011.11.010 PG 17 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Computer Science; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 902BI UT WOS:000301013200006 ER PT J AU Chorin, AJ Tu, XM AF Chorin, Alexandre J. Tu, Xuemin TI AN ITERATIVE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE IMPLICIT NONLINEAR FILTER SO ESAIM-MATHEMATICAL MODELLING AND NUMERICAL ANALYSIS-MODELISATION MATHEMATIQUE ET ANALYSE NUMERIQUE LA English DT Article DE Implicit sampling; filter; reference density; Jacobian; iteration; particles ID MONTE-CARLO; PARTICLE FILTERS; MODELS AB Implicit sampling is a sampling scheme for particle filters, designed to move particles one-by-one so that they remain in high-probability domains. We present a new derivation of implicit sampling, as well as a new iteration method for solving the resulting algebraic equations. C1 [Chorin, Alexandre J.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Math, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Chorin, Alexandre J.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Tu, Xuemin] Univ Kansas, Dept Math, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. RP Chorin, AJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Math, 970 Evans Hall 3840, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM chorin@math.berkeley.edu; xtu@math.ku.edu FU Office of Science, Computational and Technology Research, U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; National Science Foundation [DMS-0705910, OCE-0934298] FX We would like to thank Prof. J. Goodman, who urged us to write a more general version of our previous paper and suggested some notations and nomenclature, Profs. R. Miller and Y. Spitz, who suggested that we try Dowd's model plankton problem as a first step toward an ambitious joint effort and helped us set it up, Prof. M. Dowd, who kindly made the data available, and Dr. M. Morzfeld, who made many helpful suggestions. This work was supported in part by the Director, Office of Science, Computational and Technology Research, U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231, and by the National Science Foundation under grants DMS-0705910 and OCE-0934298. NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 4 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0764-583X J9 ESAIM-MATH MODEL NUM JI ESAIM-Math. Model. Numer. Anal.-Model. Math. Anal. Numer. PD MAY-JUN PY 2012 VL 46 IS 3 BP 535 EP 543 DI 10.1051/m2an/2011055 PG 9 WC Mathematics, Applied SC Mathematics GA 902LK UT WOS:000301039400003 ER PT J AU Kreiss, HO Ortiz, OE Petersson, NA AF Kreiss, Heinz-Otto Ortiz, Omar E. Petersson, N. Anders TI INITIAL-BOUNDARY VALUE PROBLEMS FOR SECOND ORDER SYSTEMS OF PARTIAL DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS SO ESAIM-MATHEMATICAL MODELLING AND NUMERICAL ANALYSIS-MODELISATION MATHEMATIQUE ET ANALYSE NUMERIQUE LA English DT Article DE Well-posed 2nd-order hyperbolic equations; surface waves; glancing waves; elastic wave equation; Maxwell equations AB We develop a well-posedness theory for second order systems in bounded domains where boundary phenomena like glancing and surface waves play an important role. Attempts have previously been made to write a second order system consisting of n equations as a larger first order system. Unfortunately, the resulting first order system consists, in general, of more than 2n equations which leads to many complications, such as side conditions which must be satisfied by the solution of the larger first order system. Here we will use the theory of pseudo-differential operators combined with mode analysis. There are many desirable properties of this approach: (1) the reduction to first order systems of pseudo-differential equations poses no difficulty and always gives a system of 2n equations. (2) We can localize the problem, i.e., it is only necessary to study the Cauchy problem and halfplane problems with constant coefficients. (3) The class of problems we can treat is much larger than previous approaches based on "integration by parts". (4) The relation between boundary conditions and boundary phenomena becomes transparent. C1 [Kreiss, Heinz-Otto] KTH, NADA, Trasko Storo Inst Math, S-10044 Stockholm, Sweden. [Ortiz, Omar E.] Univ Nacl Cordoba, Fac Matemat Astron & Fis, RA-5000 Cordoba, Argentina. [Ortiz, Omar E.] Univ Nacl Cordoba, IFEG, RA-5000 Cordoba, Argentina. [Petersson, N. Anders] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Ctr Appl Sci Comp, Livermore, CA USA. RP Kreiss, HO (reprint author), KTH, NADA, Trasko Storo Inst Math, S-10044 Stockholm, Sweden. EM hokreiss@nada.kth.se FU U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344]; SeCyT-Universidad Nacional de Cordoba [05/B415, 214/10]; CONICET [11220080100754]; ANPCYT [PICT17-25971]; Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics, Albert-Einstein-Institute (Germany) FX This work performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. O.E.O. acknowledges support by grants 05/B415 and 214/10 from SeCyT-Universidad Nacional de Cordoba, 11220080100754 from CONICET, PICT17-25971 from ANPCYT, and the Partner Group grant of the Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics, Albert-Einstein-Institute (Germany). NR 5 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0764-583X J9 ESAIM-MATH MODEL NUM JI ESAIM-Math. Model. Numer. Anal.-Model. Math. Anal. Numer. PD MAY-JUN PY 2012 VL 46 IS 3 BP 559 EP 593 DI 10.1051/m2an/2011060 PG 35 WC Mathematics, Applied SC Mathematics GA 902LK UT WOS:000301039400005 ER PT J AU Clarkson, CR Freeman, M He, L Agamalian, M Melnichenko, YB Mastalerz, M Bustin, RM Radlinski, AP Blach, TP AF Clarkson, C. R. Freeman, M. He, L. Agamalian, M. Melnichenko, Y. B. Mastalerz, M. Bustin, R. M. Radlinski, A. P. Blach, T. P. TI Characterization of tight gas reservoir pore structure using USANS/SANS and gas adsorption analysis SO FUEL LA English DT Article DE Tight gas; Pore structure; Small-angle neutron scattering; Gas adsorption ID ANGLE NEUTRON-SCATTERING; BITUMINOUS COAL; SURFACE-AREA; SOURCE ROCKS; PRESSURE; MICROSTRUCTURE; GENERATION; GEOMETRY; POROSITY; METHANE AB Small-angle and ultra-small-angle neutron scattering (SANS and USANS) measurements were performed on samples from the Triassic Montney tight gas reservoir in Western Canada in order to determine the applicability of these techniques for characterizing the full pore size spectrum and to gain insight into the nature of the pore structure and its control on permeability. The subject tight gas reservoir consists of a finely laminated siltstone sequence; extensive cementation and moderate clay content are the primary causes of low permeability. SANS/USANS experiments run at ambient pressure and temperature conditions on lithologically-diverse sub-samples of three core plugs demonstrated that a broad pore size distribution could be interpreted from the data. Two interpretation methods were used to evaluate total porosity, pore size distribution and surface area and the results were compared to independent estimates derived from helium porosimetry (connected porosity) and low-pressure N-2 and CO2 adsorption (accessible surface area and pore size distribution). The pore structure of the three samples as interpreted from SANS/USANS is fairly uniform, with small differences in the small-pore range (<2000 angstrom), possibly related to differences in degree of cementation, and mineralogy, in particular clay content. Total porosity interpreted from USANS/SANS is similar to (but systematically higher than) helium porosities measured on the whole core plug. Both methods were used to estimate the percentage of open porosity expressed here as a ratio of connected porosity, as established from helium adsorption, to the total porosity, as estimated from SANS/USANS techniques. Open porosity appears to control permeability (determined using pressure and pulse-decay techniques), with the highest permeability sample also having the highest percentage of open porosity. Surface area, as calculated from low-pressure N-2 and CO2 adsorption, is significantly less than surface area estimates from SANS/USANS, which is due in part to limited accessibility of the gases to all pores. The similarity between N-2 and CO2-accessible surface area suggests an absence of microporosity in these samples, which is in agreement with SANS analysis. A core gamma ray profile run on the same core from which the core plug samples were taken correlates to profile permeability measurements run on the slabbed core. This correlation is related to clay content, which possibly controls the percentage of open porosity. Continued study of these effects will prove useful in log-core calibration efforts for tight gas. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Clarkson, C. R.; Freeman, M.] Univ Calgary, Dept Geosci, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada. [He, L.; Agamalian, M.; Melnichenko, Y. B.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Neutron Scattering Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Mastalerz, M.; Radlinski, A. P.] Indiana Univ, Indiana Geol Survey, Bloomington, IN USA. [Bustin, R. M.] Dept Earth & Ocean Sci, Vancouver, BC V62 1Z4, Canada. [Radlinski, A. P.; Blach, T. P.] Griffith Univ, Queensland Micro & Nanotechnol Ctr, Brisbane, Qld 4111, Australia. RP Clarkson, CR (reprint author), Univ Calgary, Dept Geosci, 2500 Univ Dr NW, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada. EM clarksoc@ucalgary.ca OI Agamalian, Michael/0000-0002-9112-2534; He, Lilin/0000-0002-9560-8101 FU Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program; Scientific User Facilities Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, US Department of Energy; ORNL; National Science Foundation [DMR-0454672] FX Chris Clarkson would like to acknowledge Encana for support of his Chair position in Unconventional gas at the University of Calgary. Funding for Melissa Freeman's work was provided by a Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada Discovery Grant to Clarkson. The authors would like to thank Dr. Azfar Hassan and Dr. Pedro Pereira for performing N2 adsorption experiments and Lou Monahan and Raymond Chan of CoreLab for assisting with permeability measurements. Mickey Horvath and Dr. Rob Marr (Geoscience Department, University of Calgary) are thanked for their assistance with sample preparation and microprobe analysis, respectively, and Dr. Steve Hubbard and Per Pedersen (Geoscience Department, University of Calgary) for their fruitful discussions of petrographic analysis. Lindsay Dunn of Talisman Energy Inc. is acknowledged for contributions of thin sections for study and for her guidance on study area geology.; The authors would also like to acknowledge D. F. R. Mildner for his help during USANS experiments. The research at Oak Ridge National Laboratory's High Flux Isotope Reactor was sponsored by the Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program and the Scientific User Facilities Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, US Department of Energy. This research was supported in part by the ORNL Postdoctoral Research Associates Program, administered jointly by the ORNL and the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education. The elements of this work utilizing the BT-5 instrument at the NCNR were supported in part by the National Science Foundation under agreement No. DMR-0454672. NR 37 TC 76 Z9 84 U1 5 U2 80 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0016-2361 J9 FUEL JI Fuel PD MAY PY 2012 VL 95 IS 1 BP 371 EP 385 DI 10.1016/j.fuel.2011.12.010 PG 15 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 897BM UT WOS:000300615900050 ER PT J AU Thompson, RL Hedges, SW AF Thompson, Robert L. Hedges, Sheila W. TI Thermal stability study of the bridging CO2 complex, [(Bu3P)-Bu-t-(mu-CO2)-B(C6F5)(3)] SO FUEL LA English DT Article DE CO2; Frustrated Lewis acid-base pair; Carbon capture and storage; Thermal stability ID FRUSTRATED LEWIS PAIRS; PHYSICAL SOLVENTS; CARBON-DIOXIDE; ACTIVATION; PHOSPHINES; DIHYDROGEN; HYDROGEN; CAPTURE AB The thermal stability of [(Bu3P)-Bu-t-(mu-CO2)-B(C6F5)(3)], a bridging CO2 complex of the bulky Lewis acid-base pair (PBu3)-Bu-t and B(C6F5)(3), was studied. This complex was found to retain its complexed CO2 after 14 weeks in air at ambient temperatures, and for 7 weeks under vacuum. The thermal loss of CO2 from the complex occurs at approximately 150 degrees C in inert atmosphere, suggesting that this compound may have potential for long-term gaseous CO2 storage. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Thompson, Robert L.; Hedges, Sheila W.] US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. [Thompson, Robert L.] URS Corp, South Pk, PA 15129 USA. RP Thompson, RL (reprint author), US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, 626 Cochrans Mill Rd, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. EM Robert.thompson@ur.netl.doe.gov; Sheila.hedges@netl.doe.gov FU RES [DE-FE-0004000] FX This technical effort was performed in support of the National Energy Technology Laboratory's (NETL) ongoing research in CO2 capture under the RES contract DE-FE-0004000. NR 17 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0016-2361 J9 FUEL JI Fuel PD MAY PY 2012 VL 95 IS 1 BP 655 EP 658 DI 10.1016/j.fuel.2011.11.051 PG 4 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 897BM UT WOS:000300615900086 ER PT J AU He, X Lau, AK Sokhansanj, S Lim, CJ Bi, XTT Melin, S AF He, Xiao Lau, Anthony K. Sokhansanj, Shahab Lim, C. Jim Bi, Xiaotao T. Melin, Staffan TI Dry matter losses in combination with gaseous emissions during the storage of forest residues SO FUEL LA English DT Article DE Forest residues; Dry matter losses; Gaseous emission; Storage; Temperature effect ID STORED WOOD PELLETS; OFF-GAS EMISSIONS; CARBON-MONOXIDE; FUEL QUALITY; BIOMASS AB Past published research on the storage of fresh woody biomass has rarely presented observations of gaseous emissions in combination with the related dry matter losses. The objectives of this study are to determine dry matter losses and gaseous emissions from stored logging residues. Lab-scale vessels were set up to study the concentration of off gases at 15 degrees C and 35 degrees C. Results showed that the maximum concentrations of CO2, CO and CH4 were 13.8%, 0.16%, and 0.15%, respectively over a period of 35 days. The oxygen level decreased to 0% at the end of storage. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) were qualitatively detected by GC/MS technique. The major chemical compounds identified were alcohols, terpenes, aldehydes, acids, acetone, benzene, ethers and esters. The total VOC concentration reached 85 ppm at 35 degrees C storage temperature at the end of the storage period. Dry matter loss ranged from 0.78% to 2.0% increasing with storage temperature. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [He, Xiao; Lau, Anthony K.; Sokhansanj, Shahab; Lim, C. Jim; Bi, Xiaotao T.; Melin, Staffan] Univ British Columbia, Dept Chem & Biol Engn, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada. [Sokhansanj, Shahab] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Melin, Staffan] Delta Res Corp, Delta, BC V4L 2L5, Canada. RP Lau, AK (reprint author), Univ British Columbia, Dept Chem & Biol Engn, 2360 East Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada. EM aklau@chbe.ubc.ca RI Lau, Anthony/J-8519-2015 FU Natural Sciences & Engineering Research Council of Canada; US Department of Energy Office of Biomass FX This research is supported by Natural Sciences & Engineering Research Council of Canada and the US Department of Energy Office of Biomass Program. NR 13 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 32 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0016-2361 J9 FUEL JI Fuel PD MAY PY 2012 VL 95 IS 1 BP 662 EP 664 DI 10.1016/j.fuel.2011.12.027 PG 3 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 897BM UT WOS:000300615900088 ER PT J AU Upadhyayula, VKK Meyer, DE Curran, MA Gonzalez, MA AF Upadhyayula, Venkata K. K. Meyer, David E. Curran, Mary Ann Gonzalez, Michael A. TI Life cycle assessment as a tool to enhance the environmental performance of carbon nanotube products: a review SO JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION LA English DT Review DE Carbon nanotubes technologies; Life cycle assessment; Environmental impact; Sustainability; CNT nanoproducts ID LARGE-SCALE SYNTHESIS; MASS-PRODUCTION; DRUG-DELIVERY; CVD SYNTHESIS; HIGH-PURITY; TOXICITY; COMPOSITES; GROWTH; NANOPRODUCTS; PURIFICATION AB The importance of evaluating the environmental performance of emerging carbon nanotube (CNT) products from a life cycle perspective is emphasized in this work. Design, development and deployment of CNT products offer many potential benefits to society, but not without negative impacts on public health and the environment. Cradle-to-grave life cycle assessments (LCAs) of CNT products should be performed to ensure that the negative impacts of these products do not transcend the benefits offered by them. Although the application of LCA to CNT products is still emerging, the review conducted by the authors of existing studies suggests that the manufacturing stage in a CNT product life cycle can dominate the environmental impacts, largely as a result of the energy-intensive processes involved in the production of both the CNTs themselves as well as subsequent consumer products. Furthermore this work highlights several key challenges currently encountered with the application of LCA to CNT products, including a lack of data availability and uncertainties associated with estimation of certain impact characterization factors (due to qualitative nature of CNTs). Finally, improving the environmental performance of CNT products using LCA will involve a collaborative effort early in the design process between technology developers and LCA practitioners. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Meyer, David E.; Curran, Mary Ann; Gonzalez, Michael A.] US EPA, Syst Anal Branch, NRMRL, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Upadhyayula, Venkata K. K.] Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ ORISE, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Upadhyayula, VKK (reprint author), US EPA, Syst Anal Branch, NRMRL, 26 W Martin Luther King Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM Upadhyayula.Venkata@epa.gov RI Upadhyayula, Venkata Krishna/E-7549-2012; OI Curran, Mary Ann/0000-0001-8565-9928 FU U. S. Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development; National Risk Management Research Laboratory; U. S. Department of Energy [DW-89-92298301-0]; U. S. Environmental Protection Agency [DW-89-92298301-0] FX The U. S. Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development funded the research described here. It has not been subjected to Agency review and therefore does not necessarily reflect the views of the Agency, and no official endorsement should be inferred. This research was supported in part by an appointment of Venkata K.K. Upadhyayula in the Post-doctoral Research Program at the National Risk Management Research Laboratory, administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education through Interagency Agreement No. DW-89-92298301-0 between the U. S. Department of Energy and the U. S. Environmental Protection Agency. NR 86 TC 37 Z9 39 U1 3 U2 54 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0959-6526 EI 1879-1786 J9 J CLEAN PROD JI J. Clean Prod. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 26 BP 37 EP 47 DI 10.1016/j.jclepro.2011.12.018 PG 11 WC GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 902BQ UT WOS:000301014000005 ER PT J AU Brizard, AJ Tracy, ER Kaufman, AN Johnston, D Zobin, N AF Brizard, A. J. Tracy, E. R. Kaufman, A. N. Johnston, D. Zobin, N. TI Dirac-bracket structure in multidimensional mode conversion SO COMMUNICATIONS IN NONLINEAR SCIENCE AND NUMERICAL SIMULATION LA English DT Article DE Dirac-bracket structure; Mode conversion ID FLUID AB The intersection of two (2n - 1)-dimensional dispersion manifolds D(a) and D(b) in the 2n-dimensional ray phase space P yields a (2n - 2)-dimensional conversion manifold M D(a) boolean AND D(b) that naturally possesses a Dirac-bracket structure that is inherited from the canonical Poisson bracket on ray phase space. The canonical symplectic two-form Omega Omega(parallel to) + Omega(perpendicular to), defined on the 2n-dimensional tangent plane T(z0)P T(z0)M circle plus (T(z0)M)_, can thus be decomposed into the Dirac two-form Omega(parallel to) on the (2n - 2)-dimensional tangent plane T(z0)M at a conversion point z(0) is an element of M. and the symplectic two-form Omega(perpendicular to) on its orthogonal 2-dimensional complement (T(z0)M)(perpendicular to). These two symplectic two-forms are introduced in our analysis of multidimensional mode conversion, where their respective geometrical roles are defined. We note that since the Dirac-bracket structure Omega(parallel to) vanishes identically when n = 1, it represents a new structure in multidimensional (n > 1) mode conversion theory. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Brizard, A. J.] St Michaels Coll, Dept Chem & Phys, Colchester, VT 05439 USA. [Tracy, E. R.; Johnston, D.] Coll William & Mary, Dept Phys, Williamsburg, VA 23187 USA. [Kaufman, A. N.] UC Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Kaufman, A. N.] UC Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Zobin, N.] Coll William & Mary, Dept Math, Williamsburg, VA 23187 USA. RP Brizard, AJ (reprint author), St Michaels Coll, Dept Chem & Phys, Box 254,1 Winooski Pk, Colchester, VT 05439 USA. EM abrizard@smcvt.edu OI Brizard, Alain/0000-0002-0192-6273 FU Office of Fusion Energy Sciences of the U.S. Department of Energy FX Some of this work was carried out with support from the Office of Fusion Energy Sciences of the U.S. Department of Energy. NR 16 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1007-5704 J9 COMMUN NONLINEAR SCI JI Commun. Nonlinear Sci. Numer. Simul. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 17 IS 5 SI SI BP 2014 EP 2020 DI 10.1016/j.cnsns.2011.05.013 PG 7 WC Mathematics, Applied; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Mechanics; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Mathematics; Mechanics; Physics GA 875VA UT WOS:000299062100005 ER PT J AU del-Castillo-Negrete, D Martinell, JJ AF del-Castillo-Negrete, D. Martinell, J. J. TI Gyroaverage effects on nontwist Hamiltonians: Separatrix reconnection and chaos suppression SO COMMUNICATIONS IN NONLINEAR SCIENCE AND NUMERICAL SIMULATION LA English DT Article DE Hamiltonian chaos; Nontwist systems; Plasma physics ID TEST-PARTICLE-TRANSPORT; MAGNETIC ISLANDS; PERIODIC-ORBITS; REVERSED SHEAR; TWIST MAPS; TRANSITION; SYSTEMS; FIELD; MODEL; TURBULENCE AB A study of finite Larmor radius (FLR) effects on E x B test particle chaotic transport in non-monotonic zonal flows with drift waves in magnetized plasmas is presented. Due to the non-monotonicity of the zonal flow, the Hamiltonian does not satisfy the twist condition. The electrostatic potential is modeled as a linear superposition of a zonal flow and the regular neutral modes of the Hasegawa-Mima equation. FLR effects are incorporated by gyro-averaging the E x B Hamiltonian. It is shown that there is a critical value of the Larmor radius for which the zonal flow transitions from a profile with one maximum to a profile with two maxima and a minimum. This bifurcation leads to the creation of additional shearless curves and resonances. The gyroaveraged nontwist Hamiltonian exhibits complex patterns of separatrix reconnection. A change in the Larmor radius can lead to heteroclinic-homoclinic bifurcations and dipole formation. For Larmor radii for which the zonal flow has bifurcated, double heteroclinic-heteroclinic, homoclinic-homoclinic and heteroclinic-homoclinic separatrix topologies are observed. It is also shown that chaotic transport is typically reduced as the Larmor radius increases. Poincare sections show that, for large enough Larmor radius, chaos can be practically suppressed. In particular, changes of the Larmor radius can restore the shearless curve. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [del-Castillo-Negrete, D.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Martinell, J. J.] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Nucl Sci, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico. RP del-Castillo-Negrete, D (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM delcastillod@ornl.gov OI Martinell, Julio J/0000-0002-2728-220X; del-Castillo-Negrete, Diego/0000-0001-7183-801X FU Oak Ridge National Laboratory [DE-AC05-00OR22725]; Conacyt, Mexico [81232]; [PAPIIT-UNAM IN119408] FX This work was sponsored by the Oak Ridge National Laboratory, managed by UT-Battelle, LLC, for the U.S. Department of Energy under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725, and by projects PAPIIT-UNAM IN119408 and Conacyt 81232, Mexico. DdCN gratefully acknowledges the hospitality of the Institute for Nuclear Sciences at UNAM, Mexico City during part of the elaboration of this project. NR 38 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1007-5704 J9 COMMUN NONLINEAR SCI JI Commun. Nonlinear Sci. Numer. Simul. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 17 IS 5 SI SI BP 2031 EP 2044 DI 10.1016/j.cnsns.2011.07.020 PG 14 WC Mathematics, Applied; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Mechanics; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Mathematics; Mechanics; Physics GA 875VA UT WOS:000299062100007 ER PT J AU Dewar, RL Hudson, SR Gibson, AM AF Dewar, R. L. Hudson, S. R. Gibson, A. M. TI Action-gradient-minimizing pseudo-orbits and almost-invariant tori SO COMMUNICATIONS IN NONLINEAR SCIENCE AND NUMERICAL SIMULATION LA English DT Article DE Hamiltonian; Lagrangian; Magnetic field; Plasma wave ID PERTURBED MAGNETIC-FIELDS; MAPS; TRANSPORT; SURFACES; ISLANDS; FLOWS AB Transport in near-integrable, but partially chaotic, 11 degree-of-freedom Hamiltonian systems is blocked by invariant tori and is reduced at almost-invariant tori, both associated with the invariant tori of a neighboring integrable system. "Almost invariant" tori with rational rotation number can be defined using continuous families of periodic pseudo-orbits to foliate the surfaces, while irrational-rotation-number tori can be defined by nesting with sequences of such rational tori. Three definitions of "pseudo-orbit", action-gradient-minimizing (AGMin), quadratic-flux-minimizing (QFMin) and ghost orbits, based on variants of Hamilton's Principle, use different strategies to extremize the action as closely as possible. Equivalent Lagrangian (configuration-space action) and Hamiltonian (phase-space action) formulations, and a new approach to visualizing action-minimizing and minimax orbits based on AGMin pseudo-orbits, are presented. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Dewar, R. L.; Gibson, A. M.] Australian Natl Univ, Plasma Res Lab, Res Sch Phys &Engn, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia. [Hudson, S. R.] Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Dewar, RL (reprint author), Australian Natl Univ, Plasma Res Lab, Res Sch Phys &Engn, GPO Box 4, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia. EM robert.dewar@anu.edu.au; shudson@pppl.gov RI Hudson, Stuart/H-7186-2013; Dewar, Robert/B-1300-2008 OI Hudson, Stuart/0000-0003-1530-2733; Dewar, Robert/0000-0002-9518-7087 FU US Department of Energy [DE-AC02-09CH11466, DE-FG02-99ER54546] FX One of the authors (RLD) thanks the hospitality of the Non-linear Dynamics Group at the CNRS Centre de Physique Theorique, Luminy, Marseille, France, where some of this work was performed and discussed, including useful conversations with Professor Philip Morrison. Author SRH acknowledges support from US Department of Energy Contract No. DE-AC02-09CH11466 and Grant No. DE-FG02-99ER54546. NR 28 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1007-5704 J9 COMMUN NONLINEAR SCI JI Commun. Nonlinear Sci. Numer. Simul. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 17 IS 5 SI SI BP 2062 EP 2073 DI 10.1016/j.cnsns.2011.04.022 PG 12 WC Mathematics, Applied; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Mechanics; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Mathematics; Mechanics; Physics GA 875VA UT WOS:000299062100010 ER PT J AU Richardson, AS Finn, JM AF Richardson, A. S. Finn, J. M. TI Quasi-separatrix layers and three-dimensional reconnection diagnostics for line-tied tearing modes SO COMMUNICATIONS IN NONLINEAR SCIENCE AND NUMERICAL SIMULATION LA English DT Article DE Magnetic reconnection; Tearing; Line-tying; Quasi-separatrix layers ID GENERAL MAGNETIC RECONNECTION; PARALLEL ELECTRIC-FIELDS; HYPERBOLIC FLUX TUBES; KINEMATIC RECONNECTION; SOLAR CORONA; DEVICE; FLARES; NULLS AB In three-dimensional magnetic configurations for a plasma in which no closed field line or magnetic null exists, no magnetic reconnection can occur, by the strictest definition of reconnection. A finitely long pinch with line-tied boundary conditions, in which all the magnetic field lines start at one end of the system and proceed to the opposite end, is an example of such a system. Nevertheless, for a long system of this type, the physical behavior in resistive magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) essentially involves reconnection. This has been explained in terms comparing the geometric and tearing widths [1,2]. The concept of a quasi-separatrix layer [3,4] was developed for such systems. In this paper we study a model for a line-tied system in which the corresponding periodic system has an unstable tearing mode. We analyze this system in terms of two magnetic field line diagnostics, the squashing factor [5-7] and the electrostatic potential difference [8,9[ which has been used in kinematic reconnection studies. We discuss the physical and geometric significance of these two diagnostics and compare them in the context of discerning tearing-like (reconnection-like) behavior in line-tied modes. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Richardson, A. S.; Finn, J. M.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Richardson, AS (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, T-5, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM asrichardson@lanl.gov; finn@lanl.gov RI Richardson, A./A-3576-2013 FU DOE Office of Science, Fusion Energy Sciences; NNSA of the U.S. DOE by LANL [DE-AC52-06NA25396] FX The authors thank V. Titov, E. Zweibel, and V. Mirnov for valuable suggestions. This research was supported by the DOE Office of Science, Fusion Energy Sciences and performed under the auspices of the NNSA of the U.S. DOE by LANL, operated by LANS LLC under Contract No. DE-AC52-06NA25396. NR 27 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1007-5704 EI 1878-7274 J9 COMMUN NONLINEAR SCI JI Commun. Nonlinear Sci. Numer. Simul. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 17 IS 5 SI SI BP 2132 EP 2143 DI 10.1016/j.cnsns.2011.04.029 PG 12 WC Mathematics, Applied; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Mechanics; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Mathematics; Mechanics; Physics GA 875VA UT WOS:000299062100017 ER PT J AU Shadwick, BA Tarkenton, GM Esarey, E Lee, FM AF Shadwick, B. A. Tarkenton, G. M. Esarey, E. Lee, Frank M. TI Hamiltonian reductions for modeling relativistic laser-plasma interactions SO COMMUNICATIONS IN NONLINEAR SCIENCE AND NUMERICAL SIMULATION LA English DT Article DE Hamiltonian reduction; Laser-plasma interactions; Fluid models; Moments; Relativistic plasmas ID VLASOV EQUATION; MAGNETIZED PLASMA; FLUID DESCRIPTION; ACCELERATORS; INTEGRATION AB We show two applications of Hamiltonian reductions related to relativistic laser-plasma interactions starting from the Vlasov-Maxwell equation. The use of the Hamiltonian formalism ensures a consistent asymptotic ordering and results in reduced models that maximally preserve the structure of Vlasov-Maxwell system. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Shadwick, B. A.; Lee, Frank M.] Univ Nebraska, Dept Phys & Astron, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA. [Shadwick, B. A.; Tarkenton, G. M.] Inst Adv Phys, Bailey, CO 80421 USA. [Esarey, E.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Shadwick, BA (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, Dept Phys & Astron, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA. EM shadwick@mailAPS.org FU US Department of Energy [DE-FG02-08ER55000]; Office of Science, Office of High Energy Physics, of the US Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; Institute for Advanced Physics FX The authors gratefully acknowledge discussions with C. B. Schroeder and E.G. Evstatiev. BAS would like to express sincere appreciation to P.J. Morrison for introducing him to the world of noncanonical mechanics and for many years of insightful and stimulating discussions. This work was supported by the US Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-FG02-08ER55000, by the Director, Office of Science, Office of High Energy Physics, of the US Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231 and by the Institute for Advanced Physics. NR 27 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1007-5704 J9 COMMUN NONLINEAR SCI JI Commun. Nonlinear Sci. Numer. Simul. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 17 IS 5 SI SI BP 2153 EP 2160 DI 10.1016/j.cnsns.2011.05.045 PG 8 WC Mathematics, Applied; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Mechanics; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Mathematics; Mechanics; Physics GA 875VA UT WOS:000299062100019 ER PT J AU Tracy, ER Brizard, AJ Johnston, D Kaufman, AN Richardson, AS Zobin, N AF Tracy, E. R. Brizard, A. J. Johnston, D. Kaufman, A. N. Richardson, A. S. Zobin, N. TI Rooms with a view: A novel approach to iterated multidimensional wave conversion SO COMMUNICATIONS IN NONLINEAR SCIENCE AND NUMERICAL SIMULATION LA English DT Article DE WKB; Ray tracing; Eikonal theory; Mode conversion; Cavity; Visualization ID MODE CONVERSION; QUANTUM MAPS AB Ray tracing in the presence of linear mode conversion leads to a 'splitting' of an incoming ray into two outgoing rays. When the rays are confined to a cavity, the rays can re-enter the conversion region many times, leading to iterated conversion. In this paper, we present new methods for the analysis of this problem. These involve a shift from local to global methods of analysis, and a shift in emphasis from the study of ray evolution in the dispersion surface to the study of the iterated dynamics of rays crossing the conversion surface. The analytical methods are quite general and can be applied in phase spaces of arbitrary dimension. In two spatial dimensions, (x,y), i.e. with a four-dimensional ray space, (x,y,k(x),k(y)), rays are confined to three-dimensional regions called rooms, with one room for each wave type. In these rooms the rays do not cross, but when they intersect the conversion surface a family of converted rays is produced in the other room. The use of rooms allows a full view of the phase space dynamics of the iterated conversion of ray families. A simple two-dimensional model, inspired by the Budden resonance model, is presented as an example of these ideas. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Tracy, E. R.; Johnston, D.] Coll William & Mary, Dept Phys, Williamsburg, VA 23187 USA. [Brizard, A. J.] St Michaels Coll, Dept Chem & Phys, Colchester, VT 05439 USA. [Kaufman, A. N.] UC Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Kaufman, A. N.] UC Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Richardson, A. S.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Zobin, N.] Coll William & Mary, Dept Math, Williamsburg, VA 23187 USA. RP Tracy, ER (reprint author), Coll William & Mary, Dept Phys, Williamsburg, VA 23187 USA. EM ertrac@wm.edu RI Richardson, A./A-3576-2013; OI Brizard, Alain/0000-0002-0192-6273 FU US-DOE Office of Fusion Energy Sciences; William Mary FX Some of this work was carried out with support from the US-DOE Office of Fusion Energy Sciences. ERT, NZ and DJ also wish to acknowledge support from William & Mary. NR 12 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1007-5704 J9 COMMUN NONLINEAR SCI JI Commun. Nonlinear Sci. Numer. Simul. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 17 IS 5 SI SI BP 2161 EP 2170 DI 10.1016/j.cnsns.2011.05.012 PG 10 WC Mathematics, Applied; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Mechanics; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Mathematics; Mechanics; Physics GA 875VA UT WOS:000299062100020 ER PT J AU White, RB AF White, R. B. TI Modification of particle distributions by MHD instabilities I SO COMMUNICATIONS IN NONLINEAR SCIENCE AND NUMERICAL SIMULATION LA English DT Article DE Instabilities; Plasmas; Transport; Stochasticity; Beams; Alphas AB The modification of particle distributions by low amplitude magnetohydrodynamic modes is an important topic for magnetically confined plasmas. Low amplitude modes are known to be capable of producing significant modification of injected neutral beam profiles, and the same can be expected in burning plasmas for the alpha particle distributions. Flattening of a distribution due to phase mixing in an island or due to portions of phase space becoming stochastic is a process extremely rapid on the time scale of an experiment but still very long compared to the time scale of guiding center simulations. Thus it is very valuable to be able to locate significant resonances and to predict the final particle distribution produced by a given spectrum of magnetohydrodynamic modes. In this paper we introduce a new method of determining domains of phase space in which good surfaces do not exist and use this method for quickly determining the final state of the particle distribution without carrying out the full time evolution leading to it. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Princeton Univ, Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP White, RB (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. EM rwhite@pppl.gov RI White, Roscoe/D-1773-2013 OI White, Roscoe/0000-0002-4239-2685 FU US Department of Energy [DE-AC02-09CH11466] FX This work was partially supported by the US Department of Energy Grants DE-AC02-09CH11466. NR 17 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1007-5704 J9 COMMUN NONLINEAR SCI JI Commun. Nonlinear Sci. Numer. Simul. PD MAY PY 2012 VL 17 IS 5 SI SI BP 2200 EP 2214 DI 10.1016/j.cnsns.2011.02.013 PG 15 WC Mathematics, Applied; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Mechanics; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Mathematics; Mechanics; Physics GA 875VA UT WOS:000299062100024 ER PT J AU McDermott, JE Diamond, DL Corley, C Rasmussen, AL Katze, MG Waters, KM AF McDermott, Jason E. Diamond, Deborah L. Corley, Courtney Rasmussen, Angela L. Katze, Michael G. Waters, Katrina M. TI Topological analysis of protein co-abundance networks identifies novel host targets important for HCV infection and pathogenesis SO BMC SYSTEMS BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID HEPATITIS-C; CAENORHABDITIS-ELEGANS; VIRULENCE FACTORS; VIRUS-INFECTION; ACCURATE MASS; SALMONELLA; CENTRALITY; CELLS; REPLICATION; TYPHIMURIUM AB Background: High-throughput methods for obtaining global measurements of transcript and protein levels in biological samples has provided a large amount of data for identification of 'target' genes and proteins of interest. These targets may be mediators of functional processes involved in disease and therefore represent key points of control for viruses and bacterial pathogens. Genes and proteins that are the most highly differentially regulated are generally considered to be the most important. We present topological analysis of co-abundance networks as an alternative to differential regulation for confident identification of target proteins from two related global proteomics studies of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. Results: We analyzed global proteomics data sets from a cell culture study of HCV infection and from a clinical study of liver biopsies from HCV-positive patients. Using lists of proteins known to be interaction partners with pathogen proteins we show that the most differentially regulated proteins in both data sets are indeed enriched in pathogen interactors. We then use these data sets to generate co-abundance networks that link proteins based on similar abundance patterns in time or across patients. Analysis of these co-abundance networks using a variety of network topology measures revealed that both degree and betweenness could be used to identify pathogen interactors with better accuracy than differential regulation alone, though betweenness provides the best discrimination. We found that though overall differential regulation was not correlated between the cell culture and liver biopsy data, network topology was conserved to an extent. Finally, we identified a set of proteins that has high betweenness topology in both networks including a protein that we have recently shown to be essential for HCV replication in cell culture. Conclusions: The results presented show that the network topology of protein co-abundance networks can be used to identify proteins important for viral replication. These proteins represent targets for further experimental investigation that will provide biological insight and potentially could be exploited for novel therapeutic approaches to combat HCV infection. C1 [McDermott, Jason E.; Waters, Katrina M.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Computat Biol & Bioinformat Grp, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Diamond, Deborah L.; Rasmussen, Angela L.; Katze, Michael G.] Univ Washington, Dept Microbiol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Corley, Courtney] Knowledge Syst Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Waters, KM (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Computat Biol & Bioinformat Grp, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM Katrina.Waters@pnnl.gov OI McDermott, Jason/0000-0003-2961-2572; Rasmussen, Angela/0000-0001-9462-3169 FU National Institute on Drug Abuse [1P30DA01562501]; NIH National Center for Research Resources [RR18522]; US Department of Energy's Office of Biological and Environmental Research (BER) program located at PNNL; US Department of Energy by Battelle [DE-AC05-76RLO-1830] FX This work was supported by the National Institute on Drug Abuse grant 1P30DA01562501 to M.G.K. Portions of this research were also supported by the NIH National Center for Research Resources (RR18522 to RDS). Portions of the research were performed at the W.R. Wiley Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, a national scientific user facility sponsored by US Department of Energy's Office of Biological and Environmental Research (BER) program located at PNNL. PNNL is operated for the US Department of Energy by Battelle under contract DE-AC05-76RLO-1830. NR 45 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 1 U2 2 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1752-0509 J9 BMC SYST BIOL JI BMC Syst. Biol. PD APR 30 PY 2012 VL 6 AR 28 DI 10.1186/1752-0509-6-28 PG 16 WC Mathematical & Computational Biology SC Mathematical & Computational Biology GA 964OJ UT WOS:000305705200001 PM 22546282 ER PT J AU Kim, DH Mudiyanselage, K Szanyi, J Zhu, H Kwak, JH Peden, CHF AF Kim, Do Heui Mudiyanselage, K. Szanyi, J. Zhu, H. Kwak, J. H. Peden, Charles H. F. TI Characteristics of Pt-K/MgAl2O4 lean NOx trap catalysts SO CATALYSIS TODAY LA English DT Article DE Pt-K/MgAl2O4; Lean NOx trap catalyst; MgAl2O4 support; FTIR; K loading; Durability ID STORAGE PERFORMANCE; NSR CATALYSTS; ADSORPTION; REDUCTION; PT/K/AL2O3; SULFATION; BEHAVIOR; BAO AB We report the various characteristics of Pt-K/MgAl2O4 lean NOx trap (LNT) catalysts including the effect of K loading on nitrate formation/decomposition, NOx storage activity, and durability. This work provides results aimed at developing a fundamental understanding of this new class of LNT catalysts, which could be good candidates for high temperature engine exhaust NOx removal applications. Upon the adsorption of NO2 on K/MgAl2O4 samples, potassium nitrates, formed at Mg-related sites on the MgAl2O4 support material surface, are observed in addition to the two (ionic and bidentate) potassium nitrate species observed to form on Al2O3-supported samples. Based on NO2 TPD and FTIR results, the Mg-bound KNO3 species thermally decompose at higher temperatures than Al-bound KNO3, implying its superior thermal stability. At a potassium loading of 5 wt% on MgAl2O4, the temperature of maximum NOx uptake (T-max) is 300 degrees C. Increasing the potassium loading from 5 wt% to 10 wt% results in a monotonic shift in the T-max to 450 degrees C, demonstrating an unexpectedly significant dependence of T-max on the potassium loading. Further increases in potassium loading above 10 wt%, however, only give rise to a reduction in the overall NOx storage capacity. This work also highlights the obstacles to the implementation of these materials for practical applications associated with their durability and sulfur poisoning/removal. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Kim, Do Heui] Seoul Natl Univ, Sch Chem & Biol Engn, Inst Chem Proc, Seoul 151742, South Korea. [Kim, Do Heui; Mudiyanselage, K.; Szanyi, J.; Zhu, H.; Kwak, J. H.; Peden, Charles H. F.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Inst Integrated Catalysis, Richland, WA 99354 USA. RP Kim, DH (reprint author), Seoul Natl Univ, Sch Chem & Biol Engn, Inst Chem Proc, Seoul 151742, South Korea. EM dohkim@snu.ac.kr RI Mudiyanselage, Kumudu/B-2277-2013; Kwak, Ja Hun/J-4894-2014; Kim, Do Heui/I-3727-2015; OI Mudiyanselage, Kumudu/0000-0002-3539-632X; Peden, Charles/0000-0001-6754-9928 FU U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy; U.S. DOE's Office of Biological and Environmental Research; U.S. Department of Energy by Battelle [DE-AC05-76RL0 1830] FX Financial support was provided by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Vehicle Technologies Program. The research was performed in the Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory (EMSL), a national scientific user facility sponsored by the U.S. DOE's Office of Biological and Environmental Research, and located at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL). PNNL is a multi-program national laboratory operated for the U.S. Department of Energy by Battelle under Contract DE-AC05-76RL0 1830. NR 21 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 5 U2 22 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-5861 J9 CATAL TODAY JI Catal. Today PD APR 30 PY 2012 VL 184 IS 1 BP 2 EP 7 DI 10.1016/j.cattod.2011.11.024 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Applied; Chemistry, Physical; Engineering, Chemical SC Chemistry; Engineering GA 930AQ UT WOS:000303108100002 ER PT J AU Hortensius, HL Driessen, EFC Klapwijk, TM Berggren, KK Clem, JR AF Hortensius, H. L. Driessen, E. F. C. Klapwijk, T. M. Berggren, K. K. Clem, J. R. TI Critical-current reduction in thin superconducting wires due to current crowding SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article AB We demonstrate experimentally that the critical current in superconducting NbTiN wires is dependent on their geometrical shape, due to current-crowding effects. Geometric patterns such as 90 degrees corners and sudden expansions of wire width are shown to result in the reduction of critical currents. The results are relevant for single-photon detectors as well as parametric amplifiers. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4711217] C1 [Hortensius, H. L.; Driessen, E. F. C.; Klapwijk, T. M.; Berggren, K. K.] Delft Univ Technol, Fac Sci Appl, Kavli Inst Nanosci, Delft, Netherlands. [Clem, J. R.] Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Clem, J. R.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Berggren, K. K.] MIT, Elect Res Lab, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. RP Hortensius, HL (reprint author), Delft Univ Technol, Fac Sci Appl, Kavli Inst Nanosci, Delft, Netherlands. RI Driessen, Eduard/F-6884-2011 OI Driessen, Eduard/0000-0002-7540-1103 FU Foundation for Fundamental Research on Matter (FOM); Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research NWO; National Science Foundation [ECCS-0823778]; Microkelvin [228464]; NWO-RFBR; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Science, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering; U.S. Department of Energy by Iowa State University [DE-AC02-07CH11358] FX We thank Jules van Oven for help with electron microscopy and Kristen Sunter for help drafting figures. H.H. acknowledges support from the Foundation for Fundamental Research on Matter (FOM), K.B. also acknowledges support from the Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research NWO and the National Science Foundation (ECCS-0823778), E.D. acknowledges financial support from Microkelvin (No. 228464, Capacities Specific Programme) and the Teradec program of NWO-RFBR. This research was supported in part by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Science, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering and was performed in part at the Ames Laboratory, which is operated for the U.S. Department of Energy by Iowa State University under Contract No. DE-AC02-07CH11358. NR 18 TC 39 Z9 39 U1 7 U2 32 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD APR 30 PY 2012 VL 100 IS 18 AR 182602 DI 10.1063/1.4711217 PG 4 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 936NZ UT WOS:000303598600039 ER EF